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WEST  VIRGINIA 

GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


PART  I. 

The  Living  Flora  of  West  Virginia 

By 
C.  F.  MILLSPAUGH 


PART  II. 

The  Fossil  Flora  of  West  Virginia 

By 
DAVID  WHITE 


I.  C.  WHITE,  State  Geologist. 


.H5I5 


WHEELING  NEWS  LITHO. 
WHEELING,  W.  VA. 
1913 


CO. 


GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY  COMMISSION. 

HENRY  D.  HATFIELD President 

GOVERNOR  OF   WEST  VIRGINIA. 

E.  L.  LONG - P'ice  President 

TREASURER  OF   WEST  VIRGINIA. 

ARCHIBALD  MOORE   Secretary 

PRESIDENT,   STATE  BOARD  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

THOMAS  E.  HODGES _ Treasurer 

PRESIDENT,   WEST  VIRGINIA   UNIVERSITY. 

E.  DWIGHT  SANDERSON Executive  Officer 

DIRECTOR,  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 


STATE  BOARD  OF  CONTROL. 

JAMES  S.  LAKIN   _ President 

E.  B.  STEPHENSON Treasurer 

JOHN  A.  SHEPPARD _ Member 


SCIENTIFIC  STAFF. 

I.  C.  WHITE   State  Geologist 

SUPERINTENDENT  OF  THE  SURVEY. 

RAY  \\  HEXXEX Assistant  Geologist 

CHARLES  E.  KREr5S_ Assistant  Geologist 

DAVID  B.  REGER Assisfant  Geologist 

D.  D.  TEETS.  JR ^ Field  Assistant 

PiERT  H.  HITE _ Chief  Chemist 

JAX  B.  KRAK 4ssistant  Chemist 

EARL  M.  HEXXEX _ Chief  Clerk 

JEXKIX  L.  WILLIAALS Stenographer 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 

To  His  Excellency,  Hon.  Henry  D.  Hatfield,  Governor  of  JVesf 
Virginia,  and  President  of  the  West  Virginia  Geological  Sur- 
rey Commission  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  the  very  inter- 
esting work  of  Dr.  C.  F.  Millspaugh,  Curator  of  Botany  in  the 
Field  Museum  of  Natural  History,  Chicago,  111.,  on  the  Living 
Flora  of  West  Virginia,  and  also  the  very  complete  work  of  Dr. 
David  White,  Associate  Curator  of  Paleobotany  in  the  Smithson- 
ian Institution,  and  Chief  Geologist  U.  S.  G.  Survey,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  on  the  Fossil  Flora  of  West  Virginia. 

The  very  exhaustive  paper  of  Dr.  Millspaugh  which  forms 
Part  I.  of  this  new  Volume  V(A)  of  the  publications  of  the  West 
Virginia  Geological  Survey,  constitutes  an  entire  revision  of  the 
"West  Virginia  Flora"  prepared  and  published  by  Dr.  Millspaugh 
in  1896,  as  a-  revision  of  his  first  publication  of  a  "Preliminary 
Catalogue  of  the  Flora  of  West  Virginia,"  1891,  published  by  the 
West  Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  when  Dr.  !Mills- 
paugh  was  connected  with  that  Institution  as  Botanist  during  the 
years  1889  to  1892.  The  present  paper  embodies  the  results  of 
a  much  wider  and  later  study  not  only  by  Dr.  Millspaugh  through 
the  works  and  collections  of  other  authors,  but  also  the  results 
of  Dr.  John  L.  Sheldon's  (Professor  of  Botany,  W.  Va.  Uni- 
versity) recent  studies  communicated  freely  to  Dr.  Millspaugh 
for  use  in  this  publication,  so  that  a  very  large  addition  to  the 
West  Virginia  Flora  is  thus  made  known  to  the  world  by  this 
"labor  of  love"  on  the  part  of  Dr.  Millspaugh,  for  which  alll 
those  interested  in  the  botany  of  the  State  will  be  deeplv  grate- 
ful. 

Dr.  David  White's  paper  on  the  Fossil  Flora  of  West  A'ir- 
ginia  which  constitutes  Part  II.  of  this  volume  is  the  first  publi- 
cation of  its  kind  made  by  the  State  giving  a  complete  list  of  the 
known  fossil  plants,  or  the  Flora  that  covered  the  land  and  peat 
swamps  of  West  Virginia  millions  of  years  ago  when  the  vege- 
table deposits  which  now  form  our  coal  beds  were  in  process  of 


LETTER   OF   TRANSMISSAL.  Vll 

accumulation.  These  plants  are  of  course  all  extinct  at  the  pres- 
ent time,  and  only  a  few  of  their  diminutive  relatives  and  de- 
scendants still  survive  in  oiu"  ferns,  rushes,  and  club-mosses,  since 
the  Carboniferous  Flora  herein  described  lived  before  the  day  of 
flowering-  plants,  birds  and  mammals  had  dawned  upon  the  earth. 
Dr.  David  White,  one  of  the  most  distinguished  of  paleobotanists, 
has  listed  these  interesting  fossil  remains  in  the  relation  which 
they  sustain  to  the  well-known  Coal  beds  of  the  State,  and  hence 
as  the  fossil  plants  of  each  great  coal  horizon  contain  in  their  en- 
tirety some  types  and  facies  not  found  in  connection  with  any 
other  geological  horizon,  the  publication  in  question  cannot  fail 
to  prove  of  great  economic  value  as  an  aid  in  the  correlation  of 
our  numerous  important  coal  horizons.  The  preparation  of  each 
part  of  this  volume  by  the  authors  of  the  same  has  required  an  im- 
mense amount  of  careful  and  painstaking  labor,  all  of  which  has 
been  generously  donated  to  the  State  Geological  Survey  by  the 
distinguished  authors  to  whom  not  only  the  Survey  but  all  the 
people  of  the  State  are  under  lasting  obligations  for  their  dis- 
interested and  most  valuable  services. 

This  volume  together  with  Volume  V  on  Forestry  and  Wood 
Industries  of  the  State  by  A.  B.  Brooks,  published  under  date  of 
February  ist,  191 1,  will  furnish  a  very  fair  account  of  the  plant 
life  of  the  State,  and  in  due  time  it  is  hoped  finally  to  add  a  vol- 
ume on  the  animal  life  of  the  State,  as  provided  in  the  scheme  of 
general  publications  contemplated  by  the  Survey. 

Very  respectfully, 

L  C.  WHITE,  State  Geologist. 

]\Iorgantown,  W.  \^a.,  June  ist,  1913. 


CONTENTS. 

^lembers   of   tlic   Geological    Survey   Commission   and   State   Board 

of    Control    _' III 

Members  of  Scientific   Staff  V 

Letter   of   Transmittal    VI 

Table   of   Contents   VIII 

PART  T. 

The    Living     Flora    of    West    Virginia 1-389 

Botanical  Field  Work  of   Previous  Authors 2-13 

Special  Features  of  the  West  Virginia  Flora : 14-18 

The  Forest  Trees  or   Sylva 19-23 

Systematic   Catalogue   24-389 

Fungi 24-150 

Phallaceac     24 

Nidulariaceae     24 

Lycoperdaceae     24-25 

Mucoraceae    25-26 

Peronosporaceae   26-27 

Entomophthoraceae    27 

Schizomycetaceae    27-28 

Saccharomycetaccae   28 

Diatomaceae  28-29 

INIyxomycetaceae  29-31 

Hyphomycetaccae    31-34 

Dematiaccae   34-42 

Stilbaceae    42-44 

Tuberculariaceae     44-48 

Sphaerioidaceae     49-70 

Nectrioidaceae    70 

Leptostromaceae   70-71 

Excipulaceae    ''1 

Alelanconiaceae   71-76 

Ustilaginaceae    76-77 

Uredinaceae    77-86 

Perisporiaceae    86-89 

Sphaeriaceae    90-103 

Hypocreaceae     103-106 

Dothideaceae    106 

Microthyriaceae   106 

Lophiostomaceae    106-107 


CONTENTS.  1>^ 

Helvellaceae   107-108 

Pezizaceae    108-114 

Ascobolaceae    114-115 

Dermateaceae 115-116 

Bulgariaceae     116-117 

Stictaceae    11'' 

Phacidiaceae   H''' 

Patellariaceae    117-118 

Gymnoascaceae    11^ 

Hysteriaceae     118-119 

Agaricaceae    119-1. .3 

Polyporaceae    133-142 

Hydnaceae    _-__142-144 

Thelephoraceae 144-148 

Clavariaceae  148-loO 

LiCHENES      151-162 

Usnaceae   15] -152 

Parmeliaceae    1-^2 

Physciaceae  1^3 

Umbilicariaceae   l-^3 

Peltigeraceae    lo3-154 

Pannariaceae    l"'"! 

Collemaccae    154-155 

Lecanoraceae    155-157 

Cladoniaceae 157-158 

Lecidaceae    158-160 

Graphidaceae    160-161 

Caliciaceae    161 

Verrucariaceae  162 

Trypetheliaceae    -■ 162 

Pyrenulaceae    162 

Hepaticae 163-172 

Ricciaceae    163 

Marchantiaceae    163-164 

Jungermanniaceae    164-171 

(Anacrogynae)     164-165 

(Acrogynae)    165-171 

Anthocerotaceae    171-172 

Sphagnaceae   l'^2 

Andreaeaceae    1'''2 

Musci 173-190 

Dicranaceae    173-176 

Leucobryaceae    1'''6 

Fissidentaceae    1''6 

Encalyptaceae    176-177 


CONTENTS. 

Pottiaceae    177 

Grimmiaceae  177 

Ortliotrichaceae 177-178 

F"unariaceae    178-179 

Bryaceae    179-180 

Mniaceae   180 

Aulacomniaceae   ISO 

Bartramiaceae   180-181 

Weberaceae 181 

Buxbaumiaceae    ISl 

Georgiaceae ISl 

Polytrichiaceae    181-182 

Hedwigiaceae   182 

Fontinalaceae   182 

Climaciaceae   182 

Leucodontaceae    183 

Neckeraceae    183 

Fabroniaceae 183 

Entodontaceae   183-184 

Hookeriaceae    184 

Leskeaceae    184-185 

Hypnacae    185-189 

Sematophyllaceae 189 

Brachytheciaceae    189-190 

Ophioglossaceae    190 

Pteridophyta    191-198 

Filices     191-197 

Equisetaceae    197 

Lycopodiaceae    197-198 

Selaginellaceae  . 198 

Gymnospermae  199-389 

Pinaceae    199-201 

Taxaceae   201 

Typhaceae   ~01 

Sparganiaceae    202 

Potamogetonaceae    202 

Scheuchzeriaceae  202 

Alismaceae    202-203 

Vallisneriaceae  203 

Hydrocharitaceae    -r 203 

Gramineae 203-216 

Cyperaceae    217-223 

Araceae    223-224 

Lemnaceae 224 

Commelinaceae    224-225 

Juncaceae    225-226 


CONTENTS.  XI 

Alelanthaceae   226-227 

Liliaceae    227-229 

Convallariaceae   229-232 

Smilaceae     232 

Amarjdlidaceae    232 

Dioscoreaceae    232-233 

Iridaceae    233 

Orchidaceae    233-236 

Saururaceac    237 

Juglandaceae    237 

Salicaceae    237-238 

Myricaceae    239 

Betulaceae , 239-240 

Fagaceae    240-241 

Ulmaceae   242 

Moraceae   242 

Urticaceae    243 

Loranthaceae    244 

Santalaceae     244 

Aristolochiaceae    244-245 

Polygonaceae   245-247 

Chenopodiaceae  247-248 

Amaranthaceae    248 

Phytolaccaceae  248 

Aizoaceae    248 

Portulaceae     248-249 

Caryophyllaceae    249-251 

Nymphaeaceae    252 

Magnoliaceae   252-253 

Anonaceae 253-254 

Ranunculaceae  254-259 

Berberidaceae  260 

Menispermaceae    260-261 

Calycanthaceae 261 

Lauraceae    261 

Papaveraceae   261-263 

Brassicaceae    (Cruciferae )    263-267 

Capparidaceae    267 

Droseraceae    267 

Podostemonaceae    267-268 

Crassulaceae  268 

Penthoraceae    268 

Parnassiaceae   268 

Saxifragaceae    269-270 

Grossulariaceae     270-271 

Hamamelidaceae    27 J 


CONTENTS. 

Platanaccae  273 

Rosaceae    272-279 

Pomaceae    279-282 

Drupaceae   '. 282 

Caesalpinaceae  282-283 

Papilionaccae   284-290 

Gerianiaceae  290-29] 

Oxalidaceae 29] 

Linaceae     292 

Rutaceae    292 

Simarubaceae   293 

Polygalaceae 293-294 

Euphorliiaceae   ^ 294-295 

Callitrichaceae    296 

Empetraceae   296 

Biixaceae   296 

Limnanthaceae   296 

Anacardiaceae    296-297 

Aquifoliaceae    298 

Cclastraceae    298-299 

Staphyleaceae   299 

Aceraceae 299-300 

Sapindaceae    300-301 

Balsaminaceae 301 

Rhamnaceae   301-302 

Vitaceae 302-303 

Tiliaceae    303 

Malvaceae  303-304 

Hypericaceae    304-306 

Cistaceae    306 

Violaceae 306-309 

Passifloraceae  309 

Cactaceae  309 

Thymelaeaceae  309 

Lythraceae    309-310 

Melastomaceae   3lo 

Onagraceae 310-313 

Araliaceae   314 

Apiaceae   (Umbelli ferae)   315-320 

Cornaceae   320-321 

Clethraceac    321 

Pyrolaceae    321-322 

Monotropaceae     322 

Ericaceae 322-325 

Vacciniaceae     325-326 

Diapensiaccae     327 

Primulaceae    3.27-328 


CONTENTS.  >^111 

328 

Ebenaceae    " 

328 
Styracaceae   

^1 328-329 

Oleaceae "     — 

QOg 

Loganiaceae 

•  330 

Gentianaceae 

•JO-I 

Menvanthaceae 

331 
Apocynaceae  

OOIQOO 

Asclepiadaceae ^ 

Convolvulaceae    333-334 

Cuscutaceae ^  ^^^ 

Polemoniaceae  335-336 

Hydrophyllaceae   336-337 

Boraginaceae    337-339 

340 
Verbenaceae    

Labiatae ^40-347 

Solanaceae    ^"^J'lf 

Scrophulariaceae 350-3.^4 

Lentibulariaceae    ^^ 

Orobanchaceae  

Bignoniaceae    355-356 

Acanthaceae    ^^^ 

357 
Phrj^niaceae 

Plantaginaceae   ^^'^ 

Rubiaceae    "^'^^'^^^ 

Caprifoliaceae    360-362 

Valerianaceae   

Dipsacaceae  

Cucurbitaceae   ' 

<Jampanulaceae    ""* 

Cichoriaceae  :iG6-^QQ 

Ambrosiaceae  

Carduaceae   370-389 

PART  II. 

The   Fossil   Flora  of  West  Virginia 390-453 

Index  to  Part  I. 454-486 

Summary  of  Part  I ^^^ 


Index  to  Part  II. 


.488-491 


PART  I. 

The  Living  Flora  of  West   Virginia 


By  C.  F.  MILLSPAUGH 


The  State  of  West  Virginia  comprises  about  24,170  square 
miles  of  territory  lying  between  37°3o'  and  40°3o'  north  latitude, 
and  o°45'  and  5°3o'  west  longitude  from  Washington.  Its  out- 
line of  varied  boundaries  has  become  a  synonym  for  irregularity, 
as  a  glance  at  the  accompanying  map  will  show ;  it  might  also 
comprise  the  topography,  suggesting  as  it  does  an  immense  field 
over  which  a  gigantic  plow  has  left  a  confused  maze  of  deep  and 
irregular  furrows.  This  topographical  condition  is  mainly  due 
to  the  great  number  of  mountain  ranges  and  a  vast  network  of 
rapid  streams,  that,  rising  in  the  higher  altitudes  of  the  eastern 
and  southern  borders,  pass  in  varied  and  tortuous  courses  through 
the  State,  to  augment  the  Ohio  on  the  west  and  northwest,  and 
the  Potomac  on  the  northeast. 

Along  the  low,  as  well  as  the  lofty  mountain  ranges,  there  is 
comparatively  little  tableland,  and  in  the  wedge-like  valleys  there 
is  a  like  absence  of  extensive  bottoms,  except  along  Tygarfs 
\^alley  River  in  Randolph  County,  the  Great  Kanawha  and  the 
Ohio.  Although  there  are  many  mountain  glades,  some  nearly 
dry  and  others  swampy,  plainly  indicating  their  late  occupancy  by 
small  lakes,  there  is  today  neither  pond  nor  lake  within  the 
limits  of  the  State,  and  very  little  if  any  stagnant  water. 

As  the  major  portion  of  the  State  lies  west  of  the  Allegha- 
nies,  the  climate  is  much  like  that  of  western  Pennsylvania,  par- 
taking little  indeed  of  that  southern  atmosphere  that  we  are 
wont  to  associate  with  the  name  Virginia. 

The  prevailing  soil  of  the  hills  and  valleys  is  stiff  clay,  and 
sandy  and  clayey  alluvium,  over  which   there  is  in  general  but 


2  Till-:    WEST    NIKCINIA    FLORA 

little  loam.  The  cla}'  of  the  more  open  steep  hillsides  is  so 
unctuous  and  unstable  that  frequent  landslides  occur  during 
Spring-,  sometimes  of  great  extent.  This  subsidence  renders  the 
valley  streams  nmddy  throughout  the  year.  The  rocks  are 
principally  sandstone  and  limestone,  with  some  outcroppings  of 
shales  on  the  northeastern  heights.  The  special  features  of  very 
fertile  and  quite  sterile  soils,  varied  altitude  and  the  vast  areas 
of  primitive  forests,  yield  a  flora  of  great  variety,  often  widely 
differing  at  points  only  a  few  miles  apart. 

The  amount  of  exploration  necessary  to  gain  a  full  knowl- 
edge of  the  flora  under  these  conditions  becomes  an  arduous  un- 
dertaking, though  the  interest  in  searching  an  almost  virgin  field 
is  so  deep  as  to  greatly  lighten  the  labor. 

BOTANICAL  FIELD  WORK  IN  THE  STATE. 

That  several  of  the  early  Pennsylvanian,  Virginian  and 
North  Carolinian  Botanists,  including  Peter  Kalm,  John  Eraser, 
John  Clayton,  Tliomas  Nuttall,  John  Mitchell  and  others,  col- 
lected within  the  eastern  borders  of  the  State  is  reasonably  cer- 
tain, though  I  have  not  been  able,  so  far,  to  establish  their  lo- 
calities with  any  degree  of  certainty.  There  is  great  difficulty 
in  locating  West  Virginian  stations  in  the  field  work  of  the  very 
early  Botanists  from  the  fact  that  most  of  their  notes  and  labels 
read  simply  "Virginia."  Previous  to  1784  Virginia  extended 
indefinitely  from  the  Atlantic  to  any  point  beyond  the  Ohio  River, 
while  the  border  lines  of  West  Virginia  were  not  estalilished 
until  1863.  Then,  too,  the  country  was  so  thinly  settlemented 
and  localities  so  uncertainly  named  that  ascribing  definite  geo- 
graphic place  to  collected  plants  was  impossible  to  the  knapsack 
traveller. 

The  following  chronologic  tabulation  gives  all  the  informa- 
tion that  I  have  been  able  to  compile  upon  the  field  work  of 
botanists  within  the  State. 

(1)  Andre  ]\Iichaux,  the  renowned  French  Botanist  (who  traveled 
extensively  in  North  Carolina,  Virginia,  Kentucky  and  Illinois; 
even  North  into  Canada  and  South  into  Florida  and  the 
Bahamas)  ;  made  many  journeys,  under  conditions  of  great 
hardship  and  no  little  danger,  along  the  out  confines  of  the 
mountain  borders  of  West  Virginia ;  especially  in  the  New 
River  region  of  southwestern  Virginia.  He  is  credited  by  one 
of   his   biographers   with     field     work    in     the    contiguous    West 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3 

Virginia  counties,  but  his  carefully  and  explicitly  kept  Journal 
does  not  bear  out  such  a  conclusion.  He  did  however  collect 
at  Harpers  Ferry,  Charlestown  and  Summit  Point,  in  Jeffer- 
son County,  and  at  Wheeling,  Buffalo  Point,  and  the  mouth  of 
the  Little  Kanawha  River,  on  his  journey  to  Kentucky  and 
Illinois  in  1793.  His  collections  are  in  the  Herbarium  of  the 
Museum  of  Paris. 

(2)  Matthias  Kin,  a  German  nurseryman  and  collector,  took  up  his 

residence  in  Philadelphia  and  from  there  made  many  extensive 
excursions  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  living  plants  and  seeds 
for  horticultural  purposes.  During  these  trips  he  also  pre- 
served plants  for  herbarium  material.  About  the  year  1800  he 
collected  extensively  from  Cumberland,  Md.,  through  the  Ty- 
garts  River  Valley  in  Randolph  County.  His  exact  localities 
are  in  doubt  as  his  labels  are  eccentrically  written  in  "Pennsyl- 
vania Dutch."  The  prime  set  of  his  collections  of  dried  plants 
is  in  the  Royal  Botanical  Garden,  Berlin. 

(3)  Frederick  Pursh,  a  noted  German  Botanist   (born  in  Russia)    es- 

tablished himself  in  Philadelphia  in  1799.  From  there  he  made 
many  important  botanical  explorations.  His  most  interesting 
collections  were  made  in  the  vicinity  of  Harpers  Ferry,  Jeffer- 
son County;  and  in  Greenbrier  and  Monroe  Counties  in  the 
neighborhood  of  White  Sulphur  and  Sweet  Springs  in  1S05. 
His  prime  collection  is  in  the  Herbarium  of  the  Royal  Botani- 
cal Gardens  at  Kew,  London. 

(4)  (CoNSTANTiNE    Samuel)    Rafinesque    (Schmaltz),   the   eccentric 

Franco-German  naturalise  (Born  in  Turkey),  immigrated  to 
Philadelphia  in  1802.  In  1818,  on  his  way  to  Kentucky,  he  col- 
lected plants  at  Wheeling,  Williamstown  and  Point  Pleasant ; 
and  on  his  return  walked  from  Wheeling  to  Kenilworth  through 
Ohio,  Brooke  and  Hancock  Counties,  collecting  throughout  the 
route.  In  1819  he  collected  afoot  along  the  Potomac  River 
from  Harpers  Ferry  to  Cumberland,  Md.,  through  Jefferson, 
Berkeley,  Morgan  and  Hampshire  Counties.  In  182.5  he  again 
collected  in  Ohio  County  from  Valley  Grove  to  Wheeling;  and 
later,  starting  from  Cumberland,  he  followed  the  South  Branch 
of  the  Potomac  from  its  mouth  through  Hampshire,  Hardy, 
and  Pendleton  Counties  to  the  South  Fork  Mountains,  where 
he  "collected  many  fine  plants."  From  here  he  crossed  the 
county  and  the  mountains  to  Virginia.  In  1832  he  again  col- 
lected in  Jefferson  Coimty  in  the  neighborhood  of  Harpers 
Ferry.  While  his  collections  were  undoubtedly  large,  and  very 
valuable,  their  numerical  strength  is  unknown  as  his  private 
herbarium  has  never  been  found.  Some  of  his  duplicates  are 
in  the  herbaria  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  and  the 
Philadelphia  Academy  of  Sciences. 

(4a)  Dr.  William  E.  A.  Aikin  of  Baltimore,  Maryland,  collected  in 
the  neighborhood  of  Harpers  Ferry,  Jefferson  County,  about  the 
year  1832.  The  extent  and  disposition  of  his  collections  is  at 
present  unknown.  I  have  seen  but  one  specimen  of  his,  that  in 
IDr.  Torrey's  herbarium.  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

(5)  Gray,    Carey    and    Constable.     Dr.    Asa    Gray,    John    Carey   and 

John    Constable,    on    their    collecting   trip    to    the   mountains    of 


4  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Southwestern  Virginia  and  North  Carohna  in  1841,  passed 
through  Jetierson  County  from  Harpers  Ferry  to  the  Virginia 
line.  Akhough  West  Virginia  plants  are  here  and  there  credited 
to  them  it  is  certain  that  they  did  not  collect  within  the  bor- 
ders of  the  State. 

(6)  Gr-w  and  Sullivant.     Dr.   Asa  Gray   and  W(illiam)    S(tarl.ing) 

Sullivant  collected  through  the  Allegheny  mountains  from 
^Maryland  to  Georgia  in  1843.  While  I  am  unable  to  outline 
their  route  with  exactness,  yet  it  is  certain  that  they  collected 
along  the  old  Staunton  Pike,  from  Tygarts  Valley  through  the 
Cheat  Mountains,  via  Cheat  Bridge  and  Travelers  Repose ;  along 
the  upper  reaches  of  the  Kanawha  River ;  and  at  Big  Spring 
in  Mercer  County.  Just  how  much  material  they  collected  in  the 
State  there  is  no  way  of  determining.  Their  plants  are  in  the 
Gray  Herbarium  of  the  Cambridge  Botanical  Gardens,  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

(7)  I(sAAc)    F(arwell)Holton    collected    extensively    from    Charles- 

ton, Kanawha  County,  to  Hawks  Nest,  Fayette  County,  in  Octo- 
ber, 1849.  The  full  number  of  plants  collected  by  him  is  un- 
known :  50  are  in  the  Herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of 
Natural  History.  His  private  Herbarium  was  deposited  in  that 
of  Columbia  University  and  is  now  at  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden. 

(8)  Prof.    W(illiam)    H('enry)    Brewer,   while   Professor   of    Botany 

at  Yale,  in  1860,  made  a  collection  of  plants  in  Ohio  County  in 
the  vicinity  of  Wheeling,  and  Brooke  County  near  Bethany. 
The  amount  of  material  he  secured  is  unknown  to  me;  it  is 
deposited  in  the  Herbarium  of   Yale  University. 

(9)  W(illiam)    M(arriott)    Canby,   an    extensive   Botanical   collector 

late  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  made  a  small  collection  in  Taylor 
County,  near  Grafton,  in  1868.  The  details  of  his  collecting 
in  the  State  I  have  not  been  able  to  determine.  His  plants 
are  deposited  in  the  Herbarium  of  the  New  York  College  of 
Pharmacy. 

(10)  J.   S.  Merriam  made  a  collection  of  plants  in  Jefferson  County  in 

the  vicinity  of  Harpers  Ferry  in  1871.  The  extent  of  his  col- 
lecting I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  determine.  His  specimens 
are  deposited  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  Washington, 
D.  C. 

(11)  Dr.  T(imothy)    F(ieed)    Allen,  of  New  York,  collected  in  July 

1872,  on  Kates  Mountain  and  at  other  points  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  White  Sulphur  Springs.  His  plants  are  deposited  in  the 
Herbarium  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden.  (See  also  Allen 
and  Britton). 

(12)  J(oseph)    F(rancis)    James,  of   Ohio,   spent  about  two  weeks  in 

1877,  investigating  the  Flora  of  the  region  of  the  Guyandotte  and 
Great  Kanawha  Rivers  from  Huntington  to  Kanawha  Falls  and 
the  Hawks  Nest ;  and  the  region  of  Loup  Creek,  in  Fayette 
County.  The  amount  of  material  that  he  collected  is  not 
known  to  me.  His  plants  are  in  the  Gray  Herbarium  and  the 
Cryptogamic   Herbarium   at    Harvard   University. 


WEST    X'IKGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SUR\"EY  5 

(13)  E.  Richardson  collected  in  Ohio  County  in  the  vicinity  of  Wheel- 
nig,  in  1S77  and  1879 ;  and  the  neighborhood  of  Bethany,  Brooke 
County,  m  187S.  The  extent  of  his  collections  is  not  known 
to  me  at  this  writing.  His  plants  are  deposited  in  the  U.  S. 
National    Herbarium,   Washington,   D.   C. 

(14"'  Mertz  &  GuTTENBERG.  Profs.  H.  N.  ]Mertz  and  Gustav  Guttenberg, 
of  Wheeling  and  Pittsburg,  collected  extensively  from  1877  to 
1888  through  all  the  northern  counties  of  the  State  from  Wheel- 
ing to  Harpers  Ferry.  They  published,  in  1878,  "A  Check  List 
of  the  Plants  of  A\'est  Virginia"  in  which  they  enumerated  590 
species.  Their  collections  are  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the 
Carnegie  ^Museum,  Pittsburg. 

(15)  Mertz  &  Jones.     Prof.  H.  N.  Mertz  and  Miss  Hattie  Jones  made  a 

comprehensive  collection  of  the  plants  of  Cranberry  Summit, 
Preston  County,  in  1878.  Their  specimens  are  preserved  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  Carnegie  Museum,  Pittsburg. 

(16)  Prof.   CHAfRLE)s  R(eid)    Barnes,  late  professor  of  Physiological 

Botany,  University  of  Chicago,  spent  a  short  time,  in  June.  1879, 
collecting  along  the  Kanawha  River  from  Charleston  to  Gauley 
Bridge,  principally  in  the  neighborhood  of  Charleston.  His 
collections  are  in  the  Herbarium  of  Wabash  College.  (See  his 
"Xotcs  from  West  Virginia"  in  Botanical  Gazette  Vol.  4:181-2, 
1879). 

(17)  Prof.  John  :M(erle)   Coulter,  Professor  of  Botany,  University  of 

Chicago,  conducted,  while  Professor  of  Biology  at  Wabash  Col- 
lege. Indiana,  an  excursion  of  his  class  in  Geology,  to  the  mining 
regions  of  southern  West  Virginia,  in  1879.  On  this  trip  he 
collected  a  few  interesting  plants  from  Charleston,  Kanawha 
County,  to  Gauley  Bridge,  Fayette  County.  His  specimens  are 
deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  Wabash  College. 

(18)  Captain  John  Donnell-Smith  spent  his  summers,  from  1879  to 

1882.  at  Oakland,  Md.,  from  whence  he  made  occasional  short 
trips  to  various  points  in  West  Virginia,  especially  those  reached 
by  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad.  During  these  excursions  he 
collected  such  plants  as  appeared  to  be  of  special  interest,  par- 
ticularly at  Tygarts  Valley,  Mannington  and  Grafton.  His  plants 
are  in  his  private  herbarium  now  deposited  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium,  Washington,  D.   C. 

(19)  C(yRUs)  G(uernsey)  Pringle,  the  noted  botanical  collector,  late  of 

Charlotte.  Vt.,  made  a  small  but  interesting  collection  at  White 
Sulphur  Springs,  in  Greenbrier  County,  and  in  the  neighborhood 
of  Ronceverte,  in  Faj'ette  County,  in  1880.  The  exact  number  of 
his  specimens  is  not  known  to  me  at  this  writing;  they  are  de- 
posited in  his  private  herbarium  now  at  the  University  of  Ver- 
mont. 

(20)  Porter  &   Redfield.     Prof.   Tho(ma)s   C(onrad)    Porter   and   Mr. 

JCohn)  H(oward)  Rediield  collected  from  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  Greenbrier  County,  to  Hawks  Nest,  Fayette  County,  in 
1880.  The  numerical  strength  of  their  separate  collections  I 
have  not  been  able  to  determine.  Prof.  Porter's  plants  are  in 
the  herbarium  of   Lafayette  College,  Easton,   Pa. :   those  of  Mr. 


6  THE    WEST    \IR<;iXIA    FLORA 

Redfield  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Phihidelphia  Academy  of 
Sciences. 

(21)  Dr.  Aug(ustine)  D(awson)  Selby,  Botanist  of  the  Ohio  Agricul- 

tural Experiment  Station,  collected  plants  in  1885  to  1887  in  his 
neigliborhood  while  Superintendent  of  Schools  at  Huntington. 
Cabell  County.  He  also  extended  his  plant  observations  up  the 
Kanawha  River  as  far  as  Kanawha  Falls  in  Fayette  County. 
His  plants  are  in  his  private  herbarium. 

(22)  S(amuel)   B(oari)man)   Brown,  Professor  of  Geology,  West  Vir- 

ginia University,  formerly  Principal  of  the  Normal  School  at 
Glenville,  collected  a  large  number  of  plants  in  Berkeley  and 
Gilmer  counties  from  1885  to  1890.  Of  these  he  preserved  about 
100  specimens  which  are  still  in  his  possession. 

(23)  (Charles)  David  White,  Geologist  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey, 

while  engaged  in  paleoliotanical  collection  in  various  portions  of 
the  State  from  1880  to  1894,  collected  a  few  recent  plants,  princi- 
pally ferns ;  these  are  deposited  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

(24)  Miss  Verona  Mapel,  then  Preceptress  of  the  High  School  at  Glen- 

ville, Gilmer  County,  collected  largely  in  her  immediate  neigh- 
borhood from  1888  to  1901.  Her  material,  consisting  of  about 
355  species  (not  including  common  weeds  nor  the  grasses  and 
sedges),  is  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  school  mentioned. 

(25)  Dr.  Rosencrans  Workman,  a  Physician  at  Bayard,  Mineral  County, 

collected  a  representative  series  of  the  flowering  plants  of  his 
immediate  neighborhood  from  1888  to  1891.  His  material  (which 
he  loaned  me  for  examination  in  1891)  is  in  his  private  pos- 
session. 

(26)  WiNFiELD  E.  Hill,  notes  in  "Garden  and  Forest"   (Vol.  3:  182-183. 

1890),  a  few  plants  from  Fairview,  Hancock  County,  observed 
in  1889.  Whether  he  has  preserved  a  collection  of  plants  from 
his  region  I  am  unable  to  determine  at  this  writing. 

(27)  Dr.  H(amilton)  McS(  parkin)  Gamble,  a  Physician  at  Moorefield. 

Hardy  County,  did  considerable  herbalizing  in  connection  with 
zoological  field  work  in  the  valley  of  the  South  Branch  of  the 
Potomac  River,  and  its  water  shed  in  Hardy,  Grant,  Mineral  and 
Hampshire  counties  from  1889  to  1910.  He  donated  his  plant 
collection  of  157  species  (in  1891)  to  the  herbarium  of  the  W'est 
Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  at  Morgantown,  where 
it  is  now  deposited. 

(28)  M(erton)  B(enway)  Waite,  Pathologist,  Bureau  of  Plant  Indus- 

try, U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  spent  about  a  week,  in 
1889,  in  Fayette  and  Greenbrier  Counties,  in  the  collection  of 
parasitic  fungi.  He  secured  about  300  numbers  at  Kanawha  Falls 
and  about  200  at  White  Sulphur  Springs.  As  his  plants  were 
distributed  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Bureau,  unlisted,  they  are 
unfortunately  unavailable  for  this  publication.  In  1911  he  col- 
lected a  few  numbers  of  like  material  in  Berkeley  County,  near 
Gerrardstown  ;  and  Morgan  County,  at  Sleepy  Creek,  Paw  Paw 
and  Hancock.  His  plants  are  deposited,  as  above  indicated,  in 
the  herbarium  of  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  •  7 

(28a)  W (alter)  B(ruce)  Nutter,  an  attorney-at-law  of  Buckhannon, 
collected  for  his  personal  pleasure  in  Upshur,  Lewis,  Gilmer  and 
Randolph  Counties  from  1890  to  1897.  His  herbarium  of  about 
700  specimens   is  in  his  personal  possession. 

(29)  Dr.  J(ohn)  K(unkel)  Small,  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden, 

spent  about  a  week  in  the  neighborhood  of  Cumberland,  Mary- 
land, with  special  reference  to  collecting  in  the  contiguous  Penn- 
sylvania field  in  1890.  During  this  work  he  made  several  trips 
across  the  Potomac  River  into  Mineral  County,  where  he  col- 
lected about  50  specialized  plants;  these  are  now  in  the  her- 
barium of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden.  (See  also  Small  ft 
Brown). 

(30)  Mrs.  N.  L.  Britton   (E.  G.  Britton)  collected  a  number  of  mosses 

in  August,  1890,  in  the  neighborhood  of  White  Sulphur  Sprmgs, 
(jreenbrier  County.  These  are  deposited  in  the  Moss  Herbarium 
of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

(31)  Dr.  C(harles)  FCrederick)  Millspaugh,  Curator  of  Botany,  Field 

Museum  of  Natural  History,  Chicago,  began  in  1890  a  systematic 
survey  of  the  plant  life  of  the  State.  In  the  work  he  visited 
several  localities  in  nearly  every  county.  On  one  trip  he  drove 
through  Wood,  Wirt,  Calhoun,  Gilmer.  Lewis,  Upshur,  Randolph, 
W^ebster,  Nicholas,  Fayette,  Kanawha,  Putnam  and  Jackson 
counties  collecting  leisurely  througkout.  During  his  field  work, 
covering  two  seasons,  he  collected  1580  numbers;  these  are  pre- 
served in  the  herbarium  at  the  West  Virginia  Experiment  Station 
with  more  or  less  full  duplicate  sets  in  the  herbarium  of  the  New 
York  Botanical  Garden  and  that  of  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural 
History.  (See  his  "Preliminary  Catalogue  of  the  Flora  of  West 
Virginia  1891"  and  "Flora  of  West  Virginia  1896"). 

(32)  Dr.   N(athaniel)    L(ord)    Britton  collected  one  day  in   August, 

1890,  in  the  neighborhood  of  White  Sulphur  Springs,  securing 
about  40  interesting  numbers ;  he  again  collected  the  same  region 
in  1898,  obtaining  about  the  same  number  of  specimens.  Both 
of  these  collections  are  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  New 
York   Botanical   Garden.      (See    Allen   &   Britton). 

(33)  Mr.  L(awrence)  W(illiam)  Nuttall,  then  a  mine  owner  at  Nut- 

tallburg,  Fayette  County,  spent  most  of  his  spare  time  from 
business  duties,  from  1890  to  1898.  in  botanical  field  and  labora 
tory  work  on  the  Flora  of  his  neighborhood.  His  large  collec- 
tions, mostly  of  fungi,  are  m  his  private  herbarium  though  a  con- 
siderable duplicate  series  including  his  types  in  Lichenes  are  in 
the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural  History.  His 
types  in  Fungi  are  in  the  Ellis  Herbarium,  now  at  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden.  (See  Millspaugh  &  Nuttall,  "Flora  of  West 
Virginia""). 

(31)  Small  &  Brown.  Hon.  Addison  Brown  and  Dr.  J.  K.  Small  spent 
about  a  week,  in  Tulv.  1892.  in  Greenbrier  County,  in  an  explora- 
tion of  Kates  Mountain  and  the  vicinity  of  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  The  resulting  material,  about  150  plants,  is  now  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

(35)  Dr.  ACndrew)  DfELMAR)  Hopkins,  Forest  Entomologist  of  the  U. 
S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  has  taken  special  interest  in  col- 


5  •  Tin-:    \VI-:.s|"    \1RGIXIA    il.ORA 

Iccting  unusual  plants  during  bis  many  trips  in  various  portion'^ 
of  the  State,  from  1892  to  1902,  in  pursuit  of  his  entomological 
studies.  His  plants  are  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  West 
Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  with  duplicates  in  the 
Herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural  History. 

(36)  Prof.  A(mo.s)  A(rthur)  Heller,  of  the  University  of  Xevada,  did 

considerable  plant  collection  on  Kates  Mountain  and  the  neigh- 
borhood of  \Vhite  Sulphur  Springs  in  Greenbrier  County  in  189!!. 
x\  set  of  his  plants  is  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Field 
Museum  of  Natural  History  with  the  balance  of  his  private  her- 
barium. 

(37)  L(ee)    C(leveland)    Corbett,   while   engaged   in   forest   held   work 

for  the  West  Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  collected 
a  number  of  plants  from  1894  lo  1896;  these  are  in  the  herbarium 
of  the  Station. 

(38)  \V(illiam)    Mc(C.\lly)    Pollock,  while  a  student  at  i!'o   Univer- 

sity of  West  Virginia,  collected  largely,  from  189;j  to  1897,  in 
Lewis,  Upshur,  Preston,  Pocahontas,  Taylor  and  Wood  c^'inties, 
and  from  1898  to  1899  in  Monongalia  County.  The  full  num- 
ber of  plants  he  secured  amounted  to  about  1700  specimens.  His 
prime  series  was  accidentally  destroyed.  Sets  of  over  a  ■iuni- 
dred  duplicates  are  in  the  herl)aria  of  the  Field  Museum  ol 
Natural  History,  New  York  Botanical  Garden,  and  'J  S. 
National  Museum. 

(39)  W(illiam)    E(arle)    Rumsey,  of  the  Department  of  Entomology. 

University  of  West  Virginia,  collected  a  considerable  number 
of  plants  in  various  parts  of  the  State  while  engaged  in  ento- 
mological field  work,  from  1894  to  1899.  His  plants  are  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  West  Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station 

(40)  Allen    &    Britton.     Drs.    T.    F.    Allen    and    Nathaniel    L.    Britton 

collected  for  one  full  day  in  May,  1897,  in  the  neighborhood 
of  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Greenbrier  Covmty.  They  secured 
from  40  to  50  species  of  especial  interest,  which  were  deposited 
in  the  herbarium  of  Columbia  University,  now  a  part  of  the 
herbarium  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden.  (See  also 
1872  T.  F.  Allen,  and  1890  N.  L.  Britton). 

(41)  Rev.    a.    Boutlou,    of    Fairmont,    Marion    County,    spent    consid- 

erable of  his  spare  time,  from  1897  to  1907,  in  botanizing  in 
his  immediate  neighborhood  and  in  Taylor,  Monongalia  and 
Preston  Counties.  His  collections  are  in  his  private  possession 
though  many  of  his  interesting  finds  are  represented  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural  History. 

(42)  Prof.  Edw(ard)   L(ee)  Greene,  of  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium, 

has  spent  a  day  or  so  once  or  twice  each  year,  from  1897  to 
July,  1912,  in  Jefferson  County,  in  the  vicinity  of  Harpers 
Ferry.  His  collecting  in  this  region  has  been  of  a  highly  dis- 
criminating character,  confined  to  selecting  only  such  plants  as 
appeared  to  differ  from  the  usual  form.  His  specimens  are  in 
the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  with  a  few  particularly  inter- 
esting duplicates  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of 
Natural    History. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  9 

(43,;  Edward  S(triebv)  Steele  spent  the  latter  half  of  August  and 
the  first  half  of  September,  1898,  collecting,  with  the  aid  of 
Sirs.  Steele,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Aurora,  Preston  County. 
He  secured  about  325  numbers,  the  first  set  of  which  he  de- 
posited  in   the   U.   S.    Xaticnal   Herbarium. 

In  1903,  and  again  in  1905,  he  collected  near  Old  Sweet 
Springs,  Monroe  County ;  in  1906  he  spent  one  day  at  White 
Sulphur  Springs,  Greenbrier  County,  searching  particularly  for 
plants  of  the  genus  Laciniaria.  In  1910,  while  collecting  in 
Garret  County,  ^Maryland,  he  utilized  a  small  part  of  his  time 
gathering  specimens  across  the  line  in  Grant  County,  W.  Va. ; 
this  he  also  did  in  1911,  in  Hardy  County,  while  occupied  prin- 
cipally on  the  Virginia  slopes  of  North  Mountain,  near  Orkney 
Springs.  Those  later  collections  are  also  deposited  in  the  U.  S. 
National    Herbarium,    Washington. 

(44)  Pollard  &  Maxon.    Charles  L(ouis)  Pollard  and  William  R(alph) 

Maxon  collected  during  the  latter  part  of  August,  1899,  in 
Fayette  County,  near  Quinnimont  and  in  Summers  County, 
near  Lowell.  Of  the  125  numbers  they  secured  about  30  were 
new  to  the  Flora  of  the  State  as  known  at  that  date.  Their 
plants  are  deposited  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  (See  "Proceedings  of  the  Biological  Society  of 
Washington,   Vol.    14:161-163). 

(45)  E(dward)  L(yman)  Morris,  Curator,  Brooklyn  Institute  Museum, 

while  engaged  in  field  work  for  the  U.  S.  Fish  Commission  in 
1900,  made  a  collection  of  plants  in  that  region  of  the  State 
lying  south  of  the  New,  Greenbrier  and  Kanawha  Rivers  in 
Summers,  Monroe,  Mercer,  McDowell,  Raleigh  and  Wyoming 
Counties.  His  collection  of  397  numbers  was  made  in  July  and 
August  of  a  particularly  dry  season ;  it  is  deposited  in  the 
National  Herbarium,  Washington,  D.  C.  (See  his  "Some 
Plants  of  West  Virginia''  in  the  Bulletin  of  the  Biological  So- 
ciety of  Washington,  Vol.   13:171-182    (1900). 

(46)  Henry  C(urtis)    Beardslee   spent  the   Summer  of   1900  collecting 

principally  fleshy  fungi,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Brookside,  Pres- 
ton County.  His  collections,  numbering  about  600  specimens,  are 
in  his  private  herbarium  at  Asheville,  N.  C.  (See  his  "Notes 
on   the  Boleti  of  West  Virginia"  in  "Torreya."'     Vol.   1:37-39). 

(47)  Captain  K.  D.  Walker,  of  Fairmont,  West  Virginia,  contributed 

a  few  plants  of  his  collecting  to  the  West  Virginia  Experiment 
Station,  in  1891.  They  are  from  Little  Falls,  Monongalia  County, 
and  are  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Station. 

(48)  C(uRTis)    G(ates)    Lloyd,    of    the    Lloyd    Herbarium,    Cincinnati, 

Ohio,  collected  for  about  a  fortnight  at  Eglon,  Preston  County, 
in  1901.  His  specimens,  princioally  fungi,  are  preserved  in  the 
Lloyd  Herbarium,   Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

(49)  Prof.    W"(illiam)     A(shbrook)     Kellerman,    late    professor    of 

Botany  in  the  University  of  Ohio,  collected,  principally  fungi 
at  Durbin  and  Marlinton,  Pocahontas  County,  in  August,  1902. 
I  am  unfortunately  unable  to  establish  the  extent  of  or  locate  his 
specimens  at   this  time. 


10  Tin:  \vi;sr  \'iKt;iNiA   floka 

(50)  Prof.   A(lbert)    S(pear)    Hitchcock,  Agrostologist   of  the   U.   S. 

Department  of  Agriculture,  made  small  but  discriminative  col- 
lections, mostly  of  grasses,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Morgantown, 
Monongalia  County,  in  1902,  and  Harpers  Ferry,  in  Jefferson, 
in  1905.  His  plants  are  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Department 
in   Washington. 

(51)  F(rei))    E(knest)    Brooks,  of   the  U.   S.   Bureau   of   Entomology, 

traveled  extensively  throughout  the  State  engaged  in  field 
work  for  the  Bureau,  from  1902  to  1912.  During  that  work  he 
collected  such  plants  as  appeared  of  particular  interest.  His 
plant  collection  is  deposited  in  the  herbaria  of  Prof.  John  L. 
Sheldon  and  the  West  Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Sta- 
tion ;   both  at   Morgantown. 

(52)  Kenneth  K(ent)   Mackenzie,  Esqr.,  collected,  from  August  27th 

to  September  9th,  1903,  in  (jreenbrier  County,  in  the  vicinity 
of  White  Sulphur  Springs  and  Kates  Mountain.  He  secured 
187  numbers  of  interesting  plants,  among  which  is  his  new 
genus  in  the  parsley  family  ( Psciidofaciiidia).  His  prime  set 
of  plants  is  in  his  private  herbarium  and  a  full  series  of  dupli- 
cates in  that  of  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

(53)  C(harles)    L.    Boynton,    of    the    Biltmore    Herbarium,    collected. 

during  the  month  of  June,  1903,  at  Huntington,  Kenova,  Milton, 
St.  Albans,  Saltes,  Charleston,  Eastbank,  Gauley  Bridge,  Thur- 
mond, Hinton  and  White  Sulphur  Springs ;  revisiting  the  latter 
place  in  October.  In  May  and  September  1904  he  again  collected 
in  the  neighborhood  of  White  Sulphur  Springs  and  Tuckahoe. 
His  total  gatherings  amounted  to  295  plant  numbers,  the  prime 
set  being  deposited  in  the  Biltmore  Herbarium. 

(54)  Dr.   A(lbert)    LeRoy   Andrews,   while   connected   with   the    West 

Virginia  University  from  1903  to  1904.  collected  in  many  locali- 
ties in  Monongalia  and  Preston  Cotmties.  He  specialized  in  the 
Bryophytes.  His  plants  are  principally  in  the  herbaria  of  the 
Experiment  Station  at  Morgantown  and  at  Williams  College,  and 
in  his  private  herbarium.  (See  his  "Additions  to  the  Bryophytic 
Flora  of  West  Virginia",  in  "The  Bryologist",  Vol.  8 :  63-6.1 
1905). 

(5^)  John  L(ewis)  Sheldon,  Professor  of  Botany  and  Bacteriology  at 
the  University  of  West  Virginia,  has  made  discriminative  and 
specialized  collections  in  the  State,  covering  principally  the 
counties  of  Monongalia,  Preston,  Greenbrier,  Monroe,  Pocahon- 
tas, Berkeley,  Jefferson,  Randolph,  and  all  those  along  the  Ohio 
River,  from  1903  to  1912.  His  field  work  has  added  a  large  num- 
ber of  species  to  the  previously  known  Flora  ;  these  are  indicated 
in  the  text  of  this  work.  Prof.  Sheldon's  prime  set  of  4454 
numbers  is  deposited  in  his  private  herbarium  at  Morgantown, 
where  it  is  freely  utilized  by  his  classes  at  the  University.  Hi'; 
collections  consist  largely  of  cryptogams.  (See  "The  Bryologist," 
Vol.  X:S0-84;  Vol.  XIH  :64-65  for  his  "Additional  West  ^Vir- 
ginia Hepaticae."  and  "Species  of  Hepaticae  Known  to  Occur  in 
West  Virginia.") 

Dr.  Sheldon  has  contributed  to  this  Flora  full  lists  of  al! 
the  fungi  of  his  herbarium  that  have  passed  imder  the  critical 
examination   of   specialists  in  the  various  groups.     He  has   also 


WEST    \-IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


II 


sent  in  for  examination  unusual  species  of  his   flowering  plants 
and  in  other  ways  assisted  materially  in  this  compilation. 

(56)  The  following  names  that  appear  now  and  then  upon  the  labels  of 
plants  in  the  herbarium  of  Prof.  Sheldon  are  either  those  of  his 
students  or  incidental  correspondents.  As  one  or  more  of  their 
few  plants  may  find  publication  or  stray  into  some  other  her- 
barium, I  have  considered  it  best  to  make  the  following  record 
of  the  names : 


Alderson,  R.  W. 
Allen,  E.  A. 
Atwood,  Horace 
Bacon,  Nathaniel 
Bargerhuff,  A. 
Beale,  J.  M. 
Behrens,  Ed. 
Bender,  I.  L. 
Bonner,  C.  M. 
Boord,  J. 
Bowers,  J.  F. 
Brake,  W.  E. 
Britton,  L.  S. 
Brooks,  C.  L. 
Brooks,  Earle  A. 
Brooks,  Len 
Carroll,  H.  D. 
Chappell.  A.  M. 
Cooper,  H.  E. 
Cross,  E.  L. 
Crow,  C.  S. 
Curtis,  A.  W. 
Cutright,  Frank 
Docherty,  S.  W. 
Dodd,  D.  R. 
Dumire,  Mrs.  George 
Emmart,  L.  P. 
Fenton,  Winnifred  B. 
Fidler,  J.  Z. 
Fleshman,  H.  F. 
Fling,  Miss  Eva  M. 


Fram,  T.  J. 
Gibson,  H.  B. 
Grose,  E.  R. 
Groves,  H.  D. 
Hall.  William  McG. 
Hartley,  Carl  P. 
Heavner,  M.  M. 
Heck,  A.  T. 
Henson.  Miss  A.  M 
Hodges,  Charles  E. 
Hoff,  E.  B. 
Holman,  Lucien 
Humphreys,  H.  C. 
Hunter,  Glenn 
Hurley,  J.  J. 
Johnson,  R.  W. 
Johnson,  T.  C. 
Keister,  John  D. 
Kline,  C.  S. 
Lambert,  F.  B. 
Larkin.  Finney  L. 
Lewis,  C.  C. 
Lewis,  E.  M. 
Lindsley.  Miss 
Lively,  E.  L. 
McCutcheon,  R.  P. 
Martin,  C.  S. 
Maxwell,  W.   B. 
Merrick,  C.  D. 
Moffatt,  B.  H. 
Moore.  Lewis  M. 


Moore,   S.  W. 
Xolan,  A.  W. 
Pollock,  J.  F. 
Portmess,  E.  T. 
Post,   A.   Lee 
Sheldon,  Clara  Fleming 
Shimer,  S.  S. 
Showers,  George  E. 
Shull.  C.  L. 
Shunk,  L  V.  D. 
Smahz,  R.  B. 
Smith,  N.  S. 
Staats,  Miss  Georgia  L. 
Stalnaker,  J.  J. 
Starcher,  G.  C. 
Stewart,  J.  \V. 
Stewart,  R.  H. 
Stewart,  W.  R.  P. 
Stutzman,  John 
Summers,  T.  B. 
Swank,  G.  L. 
Swisher,  J.  A.  H. 
Thatcher,  J.  N. 
Thompson,  S.  M. 
Vanorsdale,  M.  A. 
Warden.  T.  M. 
Welton,  C.  B. 
White.  C.  S. 
Wilcox,  C.  S. 
Wolfe,  E.  O. 
Wood,  A.  N. 


(57)  Dr.  J  (esse)   M(ore)  Greenman,  Assistant  Curator  of  the  Depart- 

ment of  Botany,  Field  ^Museum  of  Natural  History,  spent  the 
month  of  September,  1904,  collecting  at  the  following  stations: 
Parsons  and  Hendricks  in  Tucker  County;  Dry  Fork,  Horton, 
Spruce  Knob,  Elkins,  Read,  Whitmar.  Glady,  Harman.  and 
Huttonsville.  in  Randolph  County ;  and  Travelers  Repose  in 
Pocahontas  County.  The  prime  set  of  his  collection,  consisting 
of  about  400  numbers  (1500)  specimens,  is  in  the  Gray  Her- 
barium, Cambridge.  Mass. ;  and  a  nearly  full  duplicate  set  in 
the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Museum  of   Natural  History. 

(58)  Albert  H(anford)  Moore,  of  Cambridge,  Mass.,  collected  with  Dr. 

J.  M.  Greenman  in  1904,  over  the  same  route  and  gathering 
substantially  the  same  species.  His  collection  is  in  his  private 
herbarium. 


12  TIIF.    WEST    \IR(iiNlA    FLORA 

(j9;  Frank  F(rrcH)  Grout,  while  connected  with  the  West  Virginia 
Geological  Survey  as  Chemist,  collected  a  number  of  plants  in 
various  parts  of  the  State,  from  1904  to  1906,  especially  parasitic 
fungi.  His  collections  are  in  the  herbarium  of  Prof.  Sheldon 
and  that  of  the  West  Virginia  Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 

(60)  fluROx  H(erbekt)  Smith,  Assistant  in  Dendrology  at  the  Field 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  collected,  in  1908,  246  numbers  in 
Randolph,  Webster,  Nicholas,  Lewis,  Upshur  and  Wood  Coun- 
ties. His  species,  most  of  which  are  indicated  in  the  following 
catalogue,  are  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Museum. 

(Gl)  O(tto)  E(mery)  Jennings,  Botanist  at  the  Carnegie  ^Museum, 
Pittsburg,  made  a  collection  of  plants  in  Monongalia  County 
along  the  Monongahela  River  from  Lock  9  to  Morgantown, 
Mont  Chateau  and  Coopers  Rocks,  in  1909.  His  specimens  are 
deposited   in   the  herbarium   of   the   Carnegie   Museum. 

(62)  W(illiam)     W(ebster)    Eggleston    collected    from    1909    to    1911 

with  a  view  of  securing  all  possible  material  in  the  Pomaceae 
gathering  also  a  considerable  number  of  other  plants  that 
appeared  to  be  of  particular  interest.  He  collected  his  numbers 
4317-4372  at  White  Sulphur  Springs  in  1909 ;  5514-5551  at  Gauley 
Bridge  in  1909  ;  5552-5562  near  Thurmond  1909  ;  5563-5587  near 
Hinton  and  5588-5593  at  White  Sulphur  Springs  the  same  year. 
In  1911  he  collected  again  at  White  Sulphur  Springs  (7761- 
7767).  His  material  is  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  New 
York  Botanical  Garden. 

(63)  ]\Ir.    A(lonzo)    B(eecher)    Brooks,    while    occupied    in    amassing 

data  for  Volume  V,  of  this  Survey,  collected  a  considerable 
number  of  particularly  interesting  plants,  from  1909  to  1911, 
especially  of  the  Glade  Regions  of  the  northern  and  north- 
eastern sections  of  the  State.  The  material  that  he  preserved 
is  deposited  in  the  herbarium  of  the  West  Virginia  University, 
at  Morgantown.  (See  "West  Virginia  Geological  Survey,  Vol. 
V,   1911). 

(64)  I    have    seen    labels,    bearing    the    following    names,    upon    plants 

collected   in   recent   years   in   the   State ;   but   have   not   yet   been 

able  to  secure  details  as  to   the  extent  of  the  collections  they 

appear  to  indicate : 

Brown,   William  H. 

Hayes,  N.  S. 

Hinzman,  W.  W. 

McCartney,  H. 

Morse. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


13 


INDEX    TO    COLLECTORS. 


(The  numbers  following  the  names   refer 
paragraphs.) 


Aikin,  W.  E.  A.  4a 
Alderson,  R.  W.  56 
Allen,  E.  A.  56 
Allen,  T.  F.  11,  40 


Greenman,  J.  M.  57. 
Grose,  E.  R.  56 
Grout,  F.  F.  59 
Groves,  H.  D.  56 


Andrews,  A.  LeRoy  54    Guttenberg,  G.  14 
Atwood,   Horace   5G  Hall,  W.  McG.  56 


Bacon,  N.  56 
Bargerhuff,  A.  56 
Barnes,  C.  R.  16 
Beale,  J.  M.  56 
Beardslee,  H.  C.  46 
Behrens,  Ed.  56 
Bender,  L  L.  56 
Bonner,  C.  M.  56 
Boord,J.  56 
Boutelou,  A.  41 
Bowers,  J.  F.  56 
Boynton,  C.  L.  53 
Brake,  W.  E.  56 
Brewer,  W.  H.  8 
Britton,  E.  G.  30 
Britton,  L.  S.  56 
Britton,  N.  L.  32,  40 
Brooks,  A.  B.  63 
Brooks,  C.  L.  56 
Brooks,  E.  A.  56 
Brooks,  E.  E.  51 
Brooks,  L.  56 
Brown,  Ad.  34 
Brown,  S.  B.  22 
Brown,  W.  H.  64 
Canby,  W.  M.  9 
Carroll,  H.  D.  56 
Chappell,  A.  W.  56 
Cooper,  H.  E.  56 
Corbett,  L.  C.  37 
Coulter,  J.  M.  17 
Cross,  E.  L.  56 
Crow,  C.  S.  56 
Curtis,  A.  W.  56 
Cutright,  F.  56 
Docherty,  S.  W.  56 
Dodd,  D.  R.  56 
Dunmire,  Mrs.  G.  56 
Eggleston,  W.  W.   62 
Emmart,  L.  P.  56 
Fenton,  W.  B.  56 
Fidler,  J.  Z.  56 
Fleshman,  H.  F.   56 
Fling,  E.  M.  56 
Fram,  T.  J.  56 
Gamble,  H.  McS.  27 
Gibson,  H.  B.  56 
Gray,  Asa  5,  6 
Greene,  E.  L.  42 


56 


Hartley,  C.  P.  56 
Hayes,  N.  S.  64 
Heavner,  M.  M.  56 
Heck,  A.  T.  56 
Heller,  A.  A.  36 
Henson,  A.  M.  56 
Hill,  W.  E.  26 
Hinzman,  W.  W.  64 
Hitchcock,  A.  S.  50 
Hodges,  C.  E.  56 
Hoff,  E.  B.  56 
Holman,  L.  56 
Holton,  L  F.  7 
Hopkins,  A.  D.  35 
Humphreys,   H.  C. 
Hunter,  G.  56 
Hurley,  J.  J.  56 
James,  J.  F.  12 
Jennings.  O.  E.  61 
Johnson,  R.  W.  56 
Johnson,  T.  C.  56 
Jones,  H.  15 
Keister,  J.  D.  56 
Kellerman,  W.  A.  49 
Kin,  M.  2 
Kine,  C.  S.  56 
Lambert,  F.  B.  56 
Larkin,  F.  L.  56 
Lewis,  C.  C.  56 
Lewis,  E.  M.  56 
Lindsley,   Miss   56 
Lively,  E.  L.  56 
Lloyd,  C.   G.  48 
McCartney,  H.  64 
McCutcheon,  R.   P.  56 
Mackenzie,  K.  K.  52 
Mapel,  V.  24 
Martin,  C.  S.  56 
Maxon,  W.  R.  44 
Maxwell,  W.  B.  56 
Merriam,  J.  S.  10 
Merrick,  C.  D.  56 
Mertz,  H.  N.  14,  15 
jMichaux,  A.  1 
Millspaugh,  C.  F.  31 
Moffatt,  B.  H.  56 
Moore,  A.  H.  58 
Moore,  L.   M.   56 
]\Ioore,   S.  W.  56 


to  those  of  the  preceding 

Morris,  E.  L.  45 
Morse   64 
Nolan,  A.  W.  56 
Nuttall,  L.  VV.  33 
Nutter,  VV.  B.  2Sa 
Pollard,  C.  L.  44 
Pollock,  J.   F.    56 
Pollock,  vV.  M.  38 
Porter,  T.  C.  20 
Portmess,  E.  T.  56 
Post,   A.  L.   56 
Pringle,  C.  G.  19 
Pursh,  F.  3 
Ratinesque,  C.  S.  4 
Redtield,  J.  H.  20 
Richardson,  E.  13 
Rumsey,  \V.  E.  39 
Selby,  A.  D.  21 
Sheldon,  C.  F.  56 
Sheldon,  J.   L.   55 
Shinier,  S.  S.  56 
Showers,  G.  E.  56 
Shull,  C.  L.  56 
Shunk,  L  V.  D.  56 
Small,  J.  K.  29,  34 
Smaltz,  R.  B.  56 
Smith,  H.  H.  60 
Smith,  J.  D.  18 
Smith,  N.  S.  56 
Staats,  G.  L.  56 
Stalnaker,  J.  J.  56 
Starcher,  G.  C.  56 
Steele,  E.  S.  43 
Stewart,  J.  W.  56 
Stewart,  R.  H.  56 
Stewart,  W.  R.  P.  56 
Stutzman,  J.  56 
Sullivan,  W.  S.  6 
Summers,  T.  B.  56 
Swank,  G.  L.  56 
Swisher,  J.  A.  H.  56 
Thatcher,  J.  N.  56 
Thompson,  S.  M.  56 
Vanorsdale,  M.  A.  56 
Waite,  M.  B.,  28 
Walker,  K.  D.  47 
Warden,  J.   M.  56 
Welton,  C.  B.  56 
White,  C.  S.  56 
White,  D.  23 
Wilcox,  C.  S.  56 
Wolfe,  E.  O.  56 
Wood,  A.  N.  56 
Workman,  R.  25 


14  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

As  in  the  preliminary  catalogue,  all  species  that  have  been 
described  from  known  West  Virginia  types  are  republished  in  full. 

SPECIAL   FEATURES   OF   THE    FLORA. 

The  distribution  of  plants  within  the  boundaries  of  the  State 
is  wonderfully  comprehensive.  Canada  places  representatives  of 
her  boreal  flora  upon  its  Alleghanian  mountain  tops,  some  that 
have  even  passed  by  the  States  of  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
vania,  Delaware  and  Maryland  in  the  transit ;  the  Southern  States 
contribute  to  its  flora  through  the  influence  of  the  mysteriotis 
New  River  on  the  southeast ;  the  great  trunk  lines  of  railway,  as 
well  as  the  open  condition  of  the  western  border  line  along  the 
Ohio  River,  give  entrance  to  individuals  of  a  migratory  character 
from  the  Western  Plains ;  and  from  some  not  readily  accountable 
reason  many  Eastern  forms,  and  even  coast  line  species  stray 
within  its  limits. 

Of  the  noteworthy  species  we  connect  in  Anemone  trifolia, 
L.,  Canby's  and  Curtiss'  Virginian  stations  with  Knipe's  Penn- 
sylvanian,  and  that  in  a  direct  and  sequential  manner  through 
the  State.  Our  elevations  for  this  species  range  from  850  to 
2,300  feet.  Trantvetteria  Carolinensis  (Walt.),  Vail,  is  to  be 
found  along  all  such  mountain  rills  as  are  deeply  shaded,  at  alti- 
tudes above  1,000.  We  extend  the  Manual  distribution  of  Caltha 
pahistris,  L.,  southward  nearly  one  degree,  by  finding  it  quite 
plentiful  in  the  mountains  of  Randolph  County,  where  Isopynim 
trifoliatum  (L.)  Britt.,  keeps  it  company.  Hellehorus  viridis,  L., 
has  its  most  western  station  on  the  north  branch  of  the  Potomac 
River,  in  Hardy  County,  whence  it  was  first  reported  to  Dr.  Gray 
by  Dr.  Gamble,  of  Moorefield.  Aconitnm  uncinatum,  L.,  is  at 
home  all  along  the  banks  of  Cheat  River,  at  altitudes  varying 
from  780  to  3,550  feet.  Both  species  of  Actaca  are  to  be  met 
with  on  the  higher  Alleghanies,  where  Cimicifuga  Americana, 
Mx.,  is  the  principal  representative  of  the  tribe. 

Magnolia  Fraseri,  Walt.,  is  a  striking  vernal  feature  of  the 
whole  Alleghanian  region,  while  tripetala  and  acnmiiiata  are 
common.  Berbcris  Canadensis^  Mill,  becomes  a  veritable  weed 
in  many  fields  in  the  southern  portion  of  the  State,  vying  with 
Papaver  diihiitm,  L.,  and  Glaiiciuni  Glaucimn  (L.),  Karst,  in  the 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 5 

northeastern  section.     Biciiculla  eximina  (L.),  Millsp.,  we  have 
found  only  upon  the  highest  peaks  of  the  AUeghanies. 

Of  the  rambhng  crucifers,  Sisynihrinin  Thaliana  (L.)  Celak, 
finds  a  home  in  Fayette  County,  and  Lepidinm  campestre  (L.), 
R.  Br.,  is  the  worst  and  most  prevalent  weed  in  the  cultivated 
portions  of  the  northeastern  section. 

Nearly  all  the  violets  lend  their  beauty  to  the  adornment  of 
the  woods  and  meadows ;  Viola  pedata,  var.  bicolor,  Pursh.,  with 
flowers  as  large  as  the  cultivated  pansy  and  fully  as  beautiful,  is 
frequent  among  the  Devonian  shales  of  the  northeast;  Viola 
primulac folia,  L.,  comes  in  from  the  coast  as  far  as  four  degrees; 
and  Viola  hastata,  Mx.,  is  quite  plentiful  in  the  southern  section. 

Although  Slda  hcnnaphrodita  (L.),  Rusby,  has  not  been 
found  in  the  AUeghanies  as  yet,  it  is  not  at  all  rare  along  the 
New  and  Great  Kanawha  Rivers,  from  Quinnimont  to  the  Ohio, 
and  thence  down  that  river  to  the  limits  of  the  State.  Hibiscus 
Moschetitos,  L.,  is  found  not  only  along  the  bottoms  of  the  Great 
Kanawha,  but  also  in  the  northeastern  part  of  the  State,  while 
H.  Trionnm,  L.,  is  a  quite  common  weed  in  gardens. 

All  of  the  native  species  of  Acscnlus,  together  with  the  var. 
hyhrida  of  ocfandra,  are  found  in  the  State.  Ailanthtis  glandu- 
losits  is  becoming  a  most  troublesome  weed  in  many  sections, 
especially  in  the  northern  counties. 

Among  the  Leguminals  we  have  re-discovered  Astragalus 
Carolinianus,  L.,  which  from  our  specimens  is  considered  by 
Professor  Britton  to  be  indistinct  from  A.  Canadensis,  L.,  and 
as  it  has  priority  of  publication,  the  latter  well-known  name 
becomes  a  synonym.  Another  important  discovery  in  this  genus 
is  that  A.  distortiis,  T.  and  G.,  habits  the  Devonian  shales  of 
Hard}^  County,  the  only  station  known  for  the  species  east  of 
the  Mississippi  valley.  This  species  is  here  associated  with 
Opiintia  polyacanfha.  Haw,  in  great  quantity,  giving  this  peculiar 
spot  in  the  AUeghanies  much  the  appearance  of  an  arid  waste 
in  Arizona.  Stylosaiitlics  hainata  (L.),  Britt.,  here  ventures 
farther  east  than  has  heretofore  been  supposed,  and  finds  con- 
genial soil  along  New  River  in  Fayette  County.  Lespedeza 
striata  (Thunb.),  H.  &  A.,  spreads  profusely  throughout  the 
southwestern    portion    of    the    State.     A    new    clover,    TrifoUnm 


l6  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Virgiiiicuui,  Small,  has  been  discovered  in  Greenbrier  County,  by 
Mr.  J.  K.  Small. 

The  roses  are  striking-  in  the  many  new  forms  thcv  produce ; 
Rubus  JMillspanglii,  Britt.,  is  so  profuse  in  the  mountains  of 
Pocahontas  and  Pendleton  Counties  that,  according  to  the  moun- 
taineers and  hunters,  it  is  upon  it  that  the  bears  depend  princi- 
pally for  fattening  food  prior  to  hibernation.  Rubus  Canadensis 
roribaccus,  Baily,  the  Leucretia  dewberry,  came  originally  from 
Randolph  County.  Another  peculiar  Rubus  (R.  Coluinbianus 
Millsp.,  has  5  to  7-incised  leaves  of  striking  character.  A  new 
Spirea  (S.  J-lrginiana,  Britt.),  grows  plentifully  within  half  a 
mile  of  the  University  at  Morgantown.  Mercer  County  in  the 
southern  section  of  the  State,  presents  a  wonderful  array  of 
Crategi :  C.  spathulata.  C.  cordata,  C.  apiifolia,  C.  coccinea,  C. 
tomentosa,  C.  punctata.  C.  Crus-galli,  C.  flava  and  its  variety 
pnbcsccns,  and  C.  itniflora  were  all  found  during  one  day's 
botanizing  in  this  section. 

Of  the  Calycanths  we  have  all,  even  the  two  species  recorded 
"Virginia  doubtful"  in  the  Manual. 

Of  the  saxifrages  we  have  notably,  Astilbc  dccandra,  Don., 
Saxifraga  crosa,  Pursh.,  Boykinia  aconitifolia,  Nutt.,  Hcuchcra 
villosa,  ]\Ix.,  and  H.  Americana,  L.,  and  even  the  Laboradorian 
Ribes  prostrotuni,  L'  Her. 

Sedum  Piilclielluni,  Xezni,  ternatiini,  telepJiioides,  and  tele- 
phium,  are  with  us.  The  beautiful  Liqiiidanibar  Styraciflua  ex- 
tends limitedly  down  the  Gauley  and  Great  Kanawha.  The 
Onagracese  yield  a  new  form  in  Ludzi'egia  alfernifolia,  L.,  var. 
linearifoiia,  Britt.  The  purple  and  yellow  passion-flowers  (P. 
hitea,  L.,  and,  incarnata,  L.)  grace  the  thickets. 

Passing  many  minor  forms,  the  Compositre  gives  us  E!e- 
pJiantopns  Carolinianus,  Willd.,  and  tonuvitosns.  L.  (called,  as  a 
weed,  "The  Devil's  Grandmother")  ;  Eupaforiuni,  coeJeslinuni,  L., 
profuse:  Solidago  Curtisii.  S.  rupestris,  and  RiddelUi,  Silphiiini 
perfoliafuni,  L. ;  Rndbeckia  speciosa.  Wend.;  HeliantJius  grosse- 
serratits,  Mart.,  H.  doronicoidcs,  Lam.,  and  H.  laevigatus,  T.  and 
G. ;  Verbesina  Virginica,  L. ;  Cacalia  snai'eolens,  reniforniis,  and 
atriplicifolia;  Cnicus  Virginianus,  and  ptiinilus,  Torr. ;  Cichorium 
Intybns,  L. ;  Tragopogon  porrifolius,  L. ;  Hieraeiuin  Canadense, 


WEST    NIRCINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  17 

Mx.,  and  loiigipiluin,  Terr,  (extending-  both)  ;  and  Chondrilla 
juncea,  L.,  called,  as  a  weed,  "Naked-weed,  Skeleton-weed." 

The  interesting  bell-worts  are  :  the  white  form  of  Lobelia 
syphilitica,  L.,  and  the  rare  Campanula  divaricata,  AIx. 

Of  the  rarer  heaths  Schollcra  crythrocarpa,  Mx.,  grows  on 
the  highest  peak  of  the  Alleghanies,  alt.  4,800  ft. ;  Chiogenes 
his/^idiila  at  the  Falls  of  Blackwater ;  Mcnzicsia  globularis  Salisb., 
Clcfhra  acuminata,  Mx.,  Moncscs  grandiHora,  Salisb.,  and  all 
tJic  Rhododendrons  except  Rhodora  and  Lapponicum;  even  the 
rare  R.  cancsccns  (]\Lx.),  Porter,  being  found  along  the  Cacapon 
River. 

Naiimbergia  tJiyrsiflora  is  found  in  Upshur  Countv  and 
Mohrodendron  Carolinum  (called  Shittim-wood)  is  plentiful 
along  the  Gauley  and  Xew  Rivers.  Polemonium  Van-Bruntiae_ 
Britt.,  comes  south  to  our  flora,  as  well  as  all  the  Hydrophyllums, 
together  with  Pliacclia  Pursliii,  Buck,  and  parvifloya,  Pursh. 

The  beautiful  morning-glories,  Impomoea  coccinea,  liedera- 
cea,  purpurea,  and  pandurata,  are  all  too  plentiful  as  weeds  here; 
and  Cuscuta  glomerata,  Gronovii  and  Epithymuin.  have  been 
found  sparingl)-.  Physalis  viscosa,  L..  steals  away  from  "near 
the  coast"  and  is  found  along  the  Ohio  River,  keeping  company 
with  Lycium  vulgarc,  Dun.,  and  Physalodes  Physaloides;  Gaertn. 

The  notable  Scropliularias  are  :  CoUinsia  vcrna,  Xutt.,  Chelone 
obliqua,  L.,  and  Pcntstemon  cancscens.  Of  the  mints  we  have 
notably:  Koellia  verticilata,  clinopodioides.  pycanthemoidcs,  and 
montana.  The  other  mints  worthy  of  remark  are:  Mcchania 
cordata,  Clinopodium  vulgarc,  Scutellaria  saxatilis,  serrata,  iiicarm, 
parvula,  and  nervosa:  Marrubium  vulgarc,  Galeopsis  tetrahit,  and 
Stachys  palustris  and  cordata. 

Of  the  ten  Euphorbias  the  most  notable  are  E.  Darlingtonii 
and  E.  Glyptospcrma,  var.,  pubescens,  Engl.,  the  latter  not  having 
been  previously  found  east  of  Iowa  as  far  as  we  can  learn. 

The  presence  of  Quercus  ilicifolia,  Wang,  in  Hardy  County, 
extends  the  Manual  distribution  southeastward ;  and  the  southing 
of  0.  macrocarpa,  AIx.  is  also  extended  by  several  stations  in  the 
State. 

As  to  the  conifers,  we  have  about  270,000  acres  of  Picea 
Mariana,  a  few  representatives  of  Abies  balsamea.  Thuya  occi- 


t8  the  west  Virginia  I'Lora 

dentalis,  and  several  species  of  Pinus,  as  well  as  a  few  scant 
growths  of  Ta.rus  Minor. 

Among  the  sedges  the  principal  item  of  interest  is  the  re- 
discovery in  Fayette  County  of  what  was  doubtless  the  original 
type  station  of  Carex  Fraseri,  And. 

Of  the  Equisetaccae  the  most  notable  form  so  far  found  is 
E.  laevigatuin,  Braun.,  gathered  in  the  southernmost  part  of  the 
State  thus  extending  its  distribution  southeastward. 

Of  the  Filiccs,  the  rarer  forms  found  with  us  are :  Polypo- 
dium  polypodioides;  PcUaca  atropurpurca  in  great  quantities  in 
the  southern  section;  Asplciiiuin  phuiatiUdum,  montaiinin  (plen- 
tiful) and  angustifolium;  Dryoptcris  Goldicana,  and  marginalis 
Cystopteris  bulbifera:  Dicksonia  punctilohida;  and  strange  to  say 
on  the  summit  of  Spruce  Knob  at  an  altitude  of  4,800  ft. 
Dryoptcris  fragrans,  in  such  great  quantity  that  it  is  cut  and 
stacked  for  fodder,  this  species  being  greatly  relished  by  cattle. 

Lycopodium  luciduhim,  L.,  annotinum,  L.,  ohscurum  and  its 
var.  dendroidcum,  L.,  clavattim,  and  L.  complanatum  are  all 
found  in  the  forests  of  "black  spruce  along  the  Alleghanies. 

In  the  mosses,  hepatics,  and  lichens,  but  little  collecting  has 
so  far  been  done,  no  systemic  searches  having  been  made  for 
specimens  in  these  classes  of  plants.  In  the  search  for  hepatics 
incidental  to  other  exploration,  in  Mercer  County,  the  dry  bald 
face  of  a  large  limestone  cave  yielded  a  new  species  in  Plagio- 
chila  Virginica  Evans,  as  well  as  a  rarity  in  the  eastern  flora  of 
the  United  States,  Radida  Xalapcnsis,  Mont.  Among  the  mosses 
we  have  been  rewarded  in  our  itinerant  work  by  finding  two  new 
forms  Dicranodontiitni  J^irginicits,  Britt.  m.  and  D.  Millspaughi 
Britt.  m.,  as  well  as  numerous  noteworthy  species. 

Beside  these  unique  forms,  we  report  many  species  from  our 
region  that  have  not  been  before  credited  to  the  flora  of  North 
America,  include  many  hitherto  unpublished  asci  and  spore 
measurements  of  species  otherwise  well  described,  and  have 
transferred  many  not  before  well  understood. 

The  host  plants  have  proven  also  to  be  of  special  interest  in 
that  many  of  them  yield  certain  species  for  the  first  time  in  the 
mycologic  literature  of  this  country,  and  many  others  pose  as 
altogether  new  to  Host  Indices. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I9 

THE   SYLVA. 

The  State  is  very  happily  located  for  the  growth  of  forests, 
being  in  the  favored  belt  of  temperature  between  about  37°  and 
41°  north  latitude.  Within  its  boundaries  trending  northeast  and 
southwest,  thus  opening  the  country  to  the  damp,  warm  winds 
from  the  Gulf,  are  numerous  ranges  of  the  great  Appalachian,  or 
Atlantic  highlands,  but  by  far  the  larger  portion  of  the  State  lies 
on  the  westward  slope  of  these  mountains  in  the  trans-Appala- 
chian belt,  the  waters  of  which  chiefly  run  northwestward  and 
southwestward  to  the  Ohio  River.  The  altitude  of  the  country 
descends  from  the  Backbone  or  Alleghany  range  of  the  Appala- 
chians, from  an  altitude  of  from  2,500  and  4,800  feet  to  500  at 
the  southwestern  corner  of  the  State  on  the  Ohio,  at  Kenova. 
and  about  600  on  the  same  river  at  WheeHng.  The  altitude  of 
the  eastern  corner  of  the  State  at  Harper's  Ferry  is  2']2  feet; 
thus  the  range  of  altitudes  in  the  State  is  from  272  feet  to  about 
4,800,  giving  a  climatic  range  of  3,728  feet,  or  the  equivalent  of 
about  16°  of  latitude;  consequently  West  Virginia  has  extensive 
areas  of  adaptability  for  every  variety  of  forest  growth  that 
is  found  within  the  limits  of  the  northern  States  east  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains. 

The  most  elevated  portion  of  the  State  is  the  great  eastern 
border  of  the  ridgy  plateau  from  which  the  trans-Appalachian 
country  descends,  a  territory  some  200  miles  in  length  from  the 
headwaters  of  the  Big  Sandy  to  those  of  the  North  Branch 
Potomac,  this  region  is  in  the  main  from  2,500  to  4,800  feet  in 
altitude,  and  furnishes  a  congenial  home  to  the  black  spruce,  the 
white  pine,  and  other. evergreen  trees  peculiar  to  northern  lati- 
tudes. 

West  Virginia  has  a  greater  amount  of  hardwood  timber  in 
its  forests  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union.  A  thorough  exam- 
ination convinces  us  that  nearly  or  quite  two-thirds  of  the  State 
remains  uncleared,  and  of  this  about  a  million  and  a  half 
acres  is  still  in  virgin  forests  where  the  ax  of  man  has  never 
found  its  way,  and  where  magnificent  specimens  of  forest  growth 
stand  thickly  side  by  side  and  reach  a  towering  height,  no  finer 
view  of  standing  timber  may  be  had  within  the  confines  of  the 
Union.  These  splendid  forests  covering  over  twenty-three  thou- 
sand square  miles  yield  nearly  every  species  found  in  the  north. 


20  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Here  trees  grow  to  such  size  that  ordinary  methods  will  not  suffice 
to  handle  them,  and  are  frequently  so  densely  compact  that  the 
light  of  day  scarce  penetrates  their  shade,  and  pathways  must  he 
cut  before  the  ax  men  can  find  room  to  work. 

The  following  list  of  the  trees  of  the  State,  giving  the 
diameter  of  trunks  and  width  of  board  yield,  is  that  of  the  State 
exhibit  in  the  F^orestry  Building  at  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition, 1893.  The  specimens  were  all  gathered,  by  the  author, 
during  the  winter  of  1892-3. 

Ash  (white),  Fraxiuus  Amcricajia.  Logs  40  in.,  62  in.,  93 
in.,  planks  27  and  33  in.,  finished  boards,  plain,  20  and  21  in., 
mottled,  9,  13  and  16  in.,  figured  9  and  13  in. 

Ash  (black),  F.  nigra. 

Ash  (mountain),  Sorbiis  Americana.    Trunk  8  in. 

Ash  (prickly),  Xantho.vyhim  Amcricamim.     Trunk  12  in. 

A\6.QV  {mo\\nt2i\n) ,  Alnus  viridis.    Trunk  4  in. 

Beech,  Fagus  atropunicea  .  Trunks  24  in.,  27  in.  and  38  in., 
plank  27  in.,  finished  boards  27  and  31  in.,  quartered  boards  7 
and  9  in. 

Beech  (water),  Carpinus  Caroliniana.    Trunk  10  in. 

Birch  (red),  Betnla  Icnta.  Trunks  34  in.,  93  in.,  61  in.,  48 
in.,  planks  15  and  30  in.,  finished  boards  12  and  16  in.,  figured 
boards  8,  13,  and  14  in. 

Birch  (yellow),  Bcfiila  Intca.  Trunks  34  in.,  36  in.,  42  in., 
49  m.,  plank  26  in. 

Birch   (hybrid),  Bctida  lento  x  liitca.     Trunk  2  in. 

Basswood  (white),  TiUa  Americana.  Trunks  32  in.,  36  in., 
43  in.,  51  in.,  plank  28  in.,  finished  board  16  in. 

Basswood  (yellow),  Tilia  hcterophylla.    Trunk  26  in. 

Buckeye,  Aescnlus  glabra.     Trunk  29  in. 

Buckeye  (purple),  Ae.  octandra  hybrida.    Trunk  29  in. 

Box  Elder,  Acer  Negnndo.    Trunk  27  in. 

Butternut,  Jnglans  cincrca.    Trunk  12  in. 

Balsam  Fir,  Abies  balsamca.    Trunk  13  in. 

Chestnut,  Castanca  dentata.  Trunks  53  in.,  40  in.,  62  in., 
78  in.,  plank  40  in.,  finished  boards  26  in. 

Cherry  (wild),  Prnnus  scrotina.  Trunks  36  in.,  39  in.,  48 
in,.  53  in.,  plank  27  in.,  finished  boards  6  and  18  in.,  bUstered  13, 
figured  6  to  19  in.,  curly  9  to  21  in. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  21 

Cherry   (wild),  Prunus  Pcnnsylvanica.     Trunk  14  in. 

Cucumber,  Magnolia  acuminata.    Trunk  35  in.,  plank  26  in. 

Cottonwood,  Popuhis  monilifcra.     Trunk  26  in. 

Crab  (wild),  Pyrus  coronaria.    Trimk  8  in. 

Dogwood,  Cornus  tlorida.    Trunks  7  in.,  13  in.,  28  in. 

Elm  (White),  Ulnius  Americana.  Trunks  23  in.,  42  in., 
61  in. 

Elm  (red,  slippery),  U I  nuts  puhesccns.     Trunk  16  in. 

Fringe  tree,  Chionanthns  Virginica.    Trunk  3  in. 

Gum  (black),  Nyssa  sylvatica.    Trunk  36  in.,  plank  27  in. 

Gum  (sweet),  Liquidamhar  styraciflna.     Block  19  in. 

Grape  (Fox),  Vitis  Labrusca.    Trunk  22  in.,  branches  18  in. 

Hackberry,  Celtis  occidental  is.     Trunk  18  in. 

Haw  (black).  Viburnum  pntnifolium.     Trunk  5  in. 

Hemlock,  Tsiiga  Canadensis.  Trunk  42  in.,  plank  30  in., 
finished  boards  12  and  19  in. 

Hercules  Club,  Aralia  spinosa.     Trunk  5  in. 

Hickory  (bitter),  Hicoria  minima.     Trunks  9  and  12  in. 

Hickory  (red),  Hicoria  glabra.     Trunks  11  and  17  in. 

Hickory  (shagbark),  Hicoria  ovata.  Trunk  27  in.,  planks 
14  and  18  in. 

Holly  (white).  Ilex  opaca.    Trunk  10  in. 

Holly  (mountain),  Ilex  monticola.     Trunk  6  in, 

Ironwood,  Ostrya  Virginiana.     Trunks  12  in.,  24  in.,  38  in. 

Juniper,  Juniperus  Virginiana.    Trunk  7  in. 

Laurel,  Kalmia  latifolia.     Trunk  8  in.,  root  24  in. 

Locust  (yellow),  Robinia  Pseudacacia.  Trunks  18  in.,  24 
in.,  38  in. 

Locust  (honey),  Glcditchia  triacanthos.  Trunks  14  in.,  28 
in.,  30  in.,  in  thorn  10  in. 

Magnolia,  Magnolia  tripetala.     Trunk  15  in. 

Magnolia  (ear-leaf).  Magnolia  Praseri.     Trunk  12  in. 

Mulberry,  Morns  rubra.     Trunks  8  and  11  in. 

Mulberry  (paper),  Papyrius  Papyrifera.     Trunk  9  in. 

Maple  (bHstered),  Acer  saccharum,  Marsh.  Trunk  26  in., 
boards  9  and  11  in. 

Maple  (sugar),  Acer  saccharum,  Marsh.  Trunks  30  in.,  40 
in.,  48  in.,  plank  28  in.,  finished  boards  29  in.,  curly  boards  13 
to  16  in. 


2.2  THE    WEST    \1RG1NIA    FLORA 

Maple  (black),  Acer  nigrum.    Trunk  i6  in. 

Maple  (white),  Acer  saccharinn  L.  Trunks  35  in.,  49  in., 
plank  26  in.,  birdseye  boards  10  to  12  in. 

Maple  (red),  Acer  rubrum.     Trunk  14  in. 

Maple  (striped),  Acer  Pennsyhanicum.     Trunk  6  in. 

Osage  Orange,  Toxylon  poniifcrniii.     Trunk  4  in. 

Oak  (black),  Oticrcus  vclutina.  Trunks  10  and  27  in.,  fin- 
ished board  11  in. 

Oak   (Spanish),  Quercus  digitata.    Trunks  13  and  18  in. 

Oak   (swamp),  Qncrcns  pahistris.     Trunk  15  in. 

Oak   (laurel),  Quercus  imbricaria.     Trunk  10  in. 

Oak  (chestnut),  Quercus  Prinus.  Trunks  14  in.,  27  in.,  36 
in.,  finished  board  21  in. 

Oak   (black  jack),  Quercus  nigra.    Trunks  18  in.',  23  in. 

Oak  (white),  Quercus  alba.  Trunks  50  in.,  28  in.,  32  in., 
61  in.,  plank  37  in.,  boards  (quartered)  5  to  13  in.,  quartered 
curly  10  in. 

Oak  (red),  Quercus  rubra.  Trunks  42  in.,  54  in.,  84  in., 
plank  44  in. 

Persimmon,  Diospyros  Virginiana.    Trunk  12  in. 

Poplar  (yellow),  Liriodcndron  Tidipifera.  Trunk  48  in., 
trunk  "wheels"  24,  36,  48,  60,  74,  go,  and  138  in.;  the  tree  from 
which  the  last  wheel  came  cut  25,000  feet  of  merchantable  boards, 
plank  36  and  57  in.,  cube  36  in.,  finished  boards  27  'to  46  in. 

Pine   (white),  Pinus  strobus.    Trunk  36  in. 

Pine   (yellow),  Pinus  cchinata.    Trunk  28  in. 

Pine   (pitch),  Pinus  rigida.     Trunk  16  in. 

Papaw,  Asimina  triloba.    Trunk  8  in. 

Rhododendron,  Rhododendron  maximum.     Trunk  6  in. 

Red  Bud,  Cercis  Canadensis.    Trunks  5^  and  9  in. 

Sycamore,  Platanus  occidcntalis.  Trunks  52  in.,  36  in,,  40 
in.,  finished  board  quartered  33  in. 

Sassafras,  Sassafras  Sassafras.  Trunk  22  in.,  finished  board 
"wavy"  18  in. 

Silver  Bell,  Mohrodendron  Carolinum.    Trunk  8  in. 

Sourwood,  Oxydendron  arboreum.    Trunk  15  in. 

Spruce  (black),  Picea  Mariana.  Trunks  31,  34,  and  49  in., 
planks  8  and  40  in.,  finished  boards  18  and  20  in. 

Spicewood,  Bencoin  Benzoin.    Trunk  2  in. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  23 

Sumach,  Rhus  typhina.    Trunk  8  in. 

Service,  Amakinclucr  Canadensis.     Trunks  8  and  9  in. 

Thorn,  Craicgns  coccinca.    Trunk  10  in. 

Tree  of  Heaven,  Ailanthiis  glandiilosus.  Trunks  8  in.,  24 
in.,  38  in. 

Witch  Hazel,  Haniauidis  Virginica.     Trunks  4  and  5  in. 

Wahiut  (black)  Juglans  nigra.  Trunks  30  and  36  in.,  plank 
29  in.,  finished  boards  "wavy"  20  in.,  "figured"  21  in. 

Willow  (black),  Salix  nigra.     Trunk  12  in. 


CATALOGUE. 


Fungi. 


PHALLACEAE. 

ITHYPHALLUS   Fries. 
I.  iMPUDicus  (Linn.)   Fr. 

In  the  juvenile,  egg  stage,  June  15,  1893,  Oct.  28,  1893, 
we  find  the  veil  under  pileus  about  one-third  its  length  and 
part  of  it  encircling  the  stipe  about  the  middle  {Niittall, 
983). 

N  I  D  U  L  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 
CRUCIBULUM  Tul. 

C.    VULGARE  Tul. 

On  sticks  and  leaves,  open  woods,  and  on  old  cotton  cloth, 
July  6,  1893  (Nitttall,  1079). 

LYCOPERDACEAE. 

TYLOSTOMA  Pers. 
T.  MAMMOSUM   (Mich.)  Fr. 

On  light  soil  on  rock,  March  24,   1893   {Nuttall,  880). 

MITREMYCES  Nees. 

M.    LUTESCENS   ScllU. 

On  wet  mossy  banks,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  March  25,  1893  {Nut- 
tall,  881). 

GEASTER  Mich. 

G.    MAMMOSUS  Chev. 

On  earth.  Short  Creek,  July  6,  1893  (Nuttall,  1080). 

G.    HYGROMETRICUS  PcrS. 

Along  Horsepen  Creek,  McDowell  County,  July  30- 
August  I,  1900  (Morris,  1105a). 


''Unless  otherwise  stated,  all  of  Nuttall's  numbers  in  the  fungi  are 
from   Fayette   Co.,  near    Nuttallburg. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  25 

BOVISTA  Dill. 
B.  LEPiDOPHORA  (E.  &  E.)  Dc  Ton. 

In  grass  on  lawn,  Sept.  5,  1893.     Clavate  8  cm.  high,  12 
cm.  broad,  sterile  base  3.5  cm.  thick,  white  cuticle  1.5  mm. 
thick,  gleba  pale  yellow  (Nuttall  1193). 
B.  PiLA  Berk.  &  Curt. 

Free  on  open  ground.  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
(Millspangh). 

LYCOPERDON  Tourn. 
L.  GEMMATUM  Batsch. 

On  ground  in  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Aug.  24,  1893  (Nuttall, 
1180). 

L.    FURFURACEUM   Schseff. 

In  grass  on  lawn,  Sept.  3,  1893.  Capillitium  thicker  than 
the  spores,  branches  few,  2.5  to  4  cm.  in  diameter,  outer 
coat  pure  while  (Nut tall,  11 88). 

L.    PEDICELLATUM    Pcck. 

On  moss  on  ground  in  pine  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  March 
10,  1893.     Pedicels  20  fj.  long  {Nidtall,  864). 
L.  PYRIFORME  Schseff. 

Under  bark  of  Qucrcns  palustris,  Monongalia  Co.,  near 
Morgantown  and  near  Little  Falls  (Millsi>aus;h)  on  rotten 
wood,  Feb.  2,  1893  {Nuttall,  832). 

SCLERODERMA  Pers. 
S.  vuLGARE  Hornem. 

On  chips  of  Picea  Mariana,  Tucker  Co.  Falls  of  Black- 
water  (Millspangh).  Grant  Co.,  on  dead  logs.  Otter  Fork 
of  Cheat;  and  Monongalia  Co.,  Tibbs  Run,  plentiful  on  clay 
of  a  path  (Millspangh).  In  laurel  thickets,  July  28,  1893. 
Spores  10  fjL  (Nuttall,  11 25). 
S.  BoviSTA  Fr. 

On  ground,  March  21,  1893  (Nuttall,  876). 

BOVISTELLA  Morg. 
B.  Ohioense  (Ell.  &  Morg.)  Morg. 

In  grass  on  lawn,  June  26,  1893   (Nuttall,  1003). 

M  U  C  O  R  A  C  E  AE. 

MUCOR  Mich. 
M.  Mucedo  Linn. 

On  open  canned  fruit  left  standing  (Millspangh).  On 
dead  dry  fruit  (Asimina  triloba,  Oct.  i,  1895  (Nuttall,  1866, 
754)- 


26  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SPORODINIA  Link. 
S.  Aspergillus  (Scop.)  Schroet. 

On  dead  Agaricus  and  Boletus,  Sept.   lo,   1893   {Nuttall, 
I 196). 

P  E  R  O  N  O  S  P  O  R  A  C  E  AE. 

CYSTOPUS  Lev. 
C.  CANDiDUS   (Pers.)   Lev. 

On  living  leaves  of  Dentaria  diphylla,  Monongalia  Co., 
at  Little  Falls  (Millspaiigh).  On  Brassica  nigra,  July  8, 
1893  {Niittall,  1082).  On  Sisymbrium  officinale;  Raphamis 
sativus  and  Lepidium  Virginicum  {Sheldon,  686,  1577,  3020, 
3291;  1792,  3035;  4457). 
C.  Ipomoeae-Panduratae  (Schw.)  Stev.  &  Sw. 

On  I  porno  ea  pandurata  (Sheldon,  701,  706,  784,  919,  1956, 
3159,  3246). 
C.  Tragopogonis  (Pers.)  Schroet. 

On  Senecio  aureus  and  Ambrosia  art cmisiae folia  {Sheldon, 
2960,  3080). 
C.  Portulacae  (DC)  Lev. 

On  Portulaeca  oleracea,  Julv  8,  1893  (Alittall,  1083). 
C.  Bliti  (Biv.)  DeB. 

On  Amaranthus  retrofle.xus,  July  20,  1893.     Spores  18  to 
22  X  15  to  18  IX  {Nuttall,  1615). 

PLASMOPARA  Schroet. 
P.  viticola  (B.  &  C.)  Berl.  &  De  Ton. 

On  fruit  of  Vitis  Labrusca,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgan- 
town  (Millspaugh). 
P.  CuBENSis  (B.  &  C.)  Humphrey. 

On  cucumbers,  Mason,  near  Elwell,  and  on  Musk  Melons, 
Ohio,  near  Elm  Grove  (Sheldon,  1018,  2009,  2097). 
P.  OBDUCENS  Schroet. 

On  Impatiens  sp.  (Sheldon,  2297). 
P.  Geranii  (Pk.)  Berl.  &  DeToni. 

On  Geranium  macidatum  (Sheldon,  651,  2967). 
P.  ribicola  Schroet. 

On  Ribes  sp.   (Wild  gooseberry)    (Sheldon,  2446). 
P.  Halstedii  (Farlow)   Berl. 

On  Ambrosia  trifida   (Sheldon,  2957). 

PHYTOPHTHORA  DeBary. 
P.  INFESTANS  (Mont.)  DeB. 

On  living  leaves  and  tubers  Solanum  tuberosum,  Monon- 
galia Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2/ 

BREMIA  Kegel. 

B.  Lactucae  Kegel. 

On  Lactticca   Canadensis  and  L.   hirsuta,  June   14,   1894 
{Nuttdll,  1549).     On  Lactuca  sativa  {Sheldon,  53). 

PEKONOSPOKA  Corda. 
P.  OBOVATA  Bon. 

On   living   leaves   Spcrgula   arvensis,    Preston    Co.,    near 
Terra  Alta  (Millspaugh). 
P.  Arthuri  Farlow. 

On  Onagra  biennis  (Sheldon,  2324). 
P.  CoRYDALis  DeBy. 

On  Corydalis  Havida  {Sheldon,  3996). 
P.  PARASITICA  (Pers.)  DeBy. 

On  Lepidinm  Virginicwn  and   Cardaniine  Pennsylvanica 
{Sheldon,  55,  630,  1330). 

E  N  T  O  M  O  P  H  T  H  O  K  A  C  E  AE. 

EMPUSA  Cohn. 
E.  MuscAE  (Fr.)  Cohn. 

On   Miisca  doniestica,   Monongalia   Co.,    at   Morgantown 
{Millspaugh).      Very    prevalent    on    a    species    of    Tachina 
found  on  maple  leaves  in  great  number  in  1892  at  Morgan- 
town  ( Millspaugh ) . 
E.   GRYLLI    Fr. 

On  tufted  caterpillars,  on  grasshoppers,  and  on  the  house 
fly,  Monongalia  Co.,  at  Morgantown    {Millspaugh). 

S  C  H  I  Z  O  M  Y  C  E  T  A  C  E  AE. 
BACCILLIUS  Cohn. 

B.  TUBERCULOSIS  Koch. 

In  sputa  of  consumptive    {Millspaugh). 
B.  ACiDi-LACTici  (Zopf)  Schroct. 

In  soured  Milk  {Millspaugh) . 
B.  suBTiLis  (Ehrenb.)  Cohn. 

In  infusion  of  hay  and  on  exposed  boiled  potato   {Mills- 
paugh). 
B.  Ulna  Cohn. 

On  exposed  coagulated  e^g  albumen  {Millspaugh). 
B.  AMYLovoRUS :  (Burrill)  Schroet.  {Microccus  Burrill). 

Berkeley :  on  Mains  Mains  fruits  at  Gerrardstown 
{Waite).  On  fruit  of  Pyrns  communis,  Monongalia  Co., 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh). 


28  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SPIRILLUM  Ehrenb. 
S.  UNDULA  (Muell)   Ehrenb. 

In  infusion  of  hay  (Millspaugh). 

BACTERIUM  Ehrenb. 
B.  LiNEOLA  (O.  F.  Muell)  Cohn. 

In  infusion  of  radish  (Ulillspaugh). 
B.  Termo  (O.  F.  Muell.)  Ehrenb. 

In  various  decomposing  organic  substances  (Millspaugh). 

MICROCOCCUS  (Hall.)  Cohn. 
M.  Crepusculum  (Ehrenb.)  Cohn. 

Found  associated  with  Bacterium  Termo  in  decomposing 
vegetable  infusions  (Millspaugh). 
M.  aurantiacus,  Cohn. 

Caught  on  sterilized  potato   in  laboratory   (Millspaugh). 
M.  luteus  Cohn. 

Caught  on  sterilized  potaoto  in  laboratory   (Millspaugh). 

STREPTOCOCCUS  Billr. 
S.  pyogenes  (Rosenb.)  Zopf. 

Micrococcus  septicus,  Cohn.    In  blood  of  dead  calf  (Mills- 
paugh). 
S.  ureae  (Cohn.)  Trev. 

Micrococcus  ureae,  Cohn.     In  decomposing  urine   (Mills- 
paugh ) . 

SACCHAROMYCETACEAE. 

SACCHAROMYCES    Meyen. 
S.  CEREVisiAE  Meyen. 

In    Pasteur's   liquid    left   uncorked   in    laboratory    (Mills- 
paugh). 

S.   MYCODERMA  ReCSS. 

On  same  liquid  as  above  at  same  date  (Millspaugh). 

D  I  A  T  O  M  A  C  E  AE. 

Cymbella  gastroides,  Kuetz. 
Cym BELLA  turgida  (Grun.)  Greg. 
Stauroneis  Phoenicentron  Ehrb. 
Navicula  viridis,  Kuetz. 
Navicula  major,  Kuetz. 
Navicula  nobilis  (Ehrb.)  Kuetz. 
Navicula   rhomboides,   Ehrb. 
Navicula  borealis  (Ehrb.)  Kuetz. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  29 

Navicula  trinodis,  Lewis. 

ACHNANTES    LANCEOLATA,    Brcb. 

Synedra  ulna  (Nitzsch.)  Ehrb. 

NiTZSCHIA   AmPHIOXYS    INTERMEDIA,    Grun. 

M  Y  X  O  AI  Y  C  E  T  A  C  E  AE. 

CERATIOMYXA  Schroet. 

C.  FRUTicuLosA  (Muell.)  MacB.     (Det.  O.  F.  Cook.) 

Along  Delashmeet  Creek,  Mercer  County,  altitude  2,090 
feet,  July  25,  1900  (Morris,  946). 

PHYSARUM  Pers. 

P.  ciTRiNUM  Schum. 

On  moss,  alt.  2,000  feet,  Aug.  2,  1893  (Nuttall,  1160). 

P.    PULCHERRIMUM    B.    &   R. 

On  dead  wood,  July  25,  1893   (Nuttall,  1133). 
P.    PSITTACINUM    Ditm. 

On  fruit  cones  of  Magnolia  Frascri,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Aug. 
12,  1893  (Ntiftall,  1 165). 
P.  siNuosuM    (Bull.)   Rost. 

On  bark  of  Aralia  spinosa,  Aug.  16,  1893  (Nuttall,  1154) 
P.  RUFiPES  (A.  &  S.)  Morgan.      (Determined  by  O.  F.  Cook.) 

Along  Tugg  Creek,  Hinton,   Summers  County,  July   10, 
1900  (Morris,  945). 

LEOCARPUS  Link. 
L.  FRAGiLis  (Dicks.) 

On  Aspidiiim  spinulosum  and  twigs  of  Tsuga  Canadensis, 
Nov.  25,  1895  (Nuttall,  1888). 

TILMADOCHE  Fr. 
T.  NUTANS  (Pers.)  Rost. 

On    dead    Aspm'agtis   leaves,    and    dead    limbs    Magnolia 
Fraseri,  Nov.  4,  1893  (Nuttall,  1264). 

T.    GYROCEPHALA    (Mout.)    Rost. 

On  dry  bark  of  Hicoria  ovata,  living  leaves  of  Hydrangea, 
etc.,   Short   Creek,   alt.    1,300    ft.,   Aug.   21,    1893    (Nuttall, 
1168). 
T.  viRiDis  (Gmel.)  ? 

On   dead   limbs   Magnolia  Frascri,   Sept.,    1895    (Nuttall, 
1856,  744?) 

DIDYMIUM  Schrad. 

D.  SQUAMULosuM  (Alb.  &  Schw.)  Fr. 

On  new  timber  in  mine  near  the  entrance,   Sept.,    1893 
(Nuttall,  1342). 


30  TPIE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

DIACHEA  Fries. 
D.  LEUcopoDA  (Bull.)  Rost. 

On  dead  wood  and  leaves  in  damp,  shady  place,  June  23. 
1893  {Nut tall,  998). 

LAMPRODERMA  Rost. 
L.  vioLACEUM  (Fr.)  Rost. 

On  very  rotten  wet  log,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft.,  Oct. 
25,  1893  {Nuttall,  1255). 

COMATRICHA  P.  Hoyer. 
C.  Friesiana  (DeB.)  Rost. 

On  rotten  log,  Nov.  6,  1893  {Nuttall,  1237). 

STREMONITIS  Gled. 
S.  FUSCA  Roth. 

On  rotten  log,  and  on  Hydnnm  sp.,  April  7,  1893  {Nuttall, 
889). 

S.    FERRUGINEA  Ehrh. 

On  log,  Keeney's  Creek,  June  9,  1893  {Niittall,  973). 
S.  Smithii   MacB.     (Det.   MarBride.) 

Summers,  along  Tugg  Creek  near  Hinton  {Morris  945). 

TUBULINA  Pers. 
T.  CYLINDRICA  (Bull.)  DeC. 

On  dead  log.  Spores  brown,  rough  (reticulate?)  approx. 
6  ju,  diameter,  Oct.  20,  1893  {Nuttall,  1230). 

LINDBLAUIA  Fries. 
L.  EFFUSA  (Ehr.)  Rost. 

Forms  large  patches  on  dead  Tsuga  Canadensis  at  Short 
Creek  Cliff  and  Masterson's  Glade,  July  15,  1893  {Nuttall. 
1130). 

CRIBRARIA   Pers. 
C.  AURANTiACA  Schrad. 

On  dead  wet  log,  July  25,  1895  {Nuttall,  1826,  712). 

RETICULARIA  Bull. 
R.  Lycoperdon  Bull. 

On  dead  log,  Short  Creek.  April  6,  1893  {Nuttall,  888). 

ARCYRIA  Hall. 
A.  PUNicEA  Pers. 

On  rotten  stump,  June  15,   1893   {Nuttall,  979). 
A.  ciNERA  (Bull.)  Schum. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3I 

On  damp  dead  wood  and  weeds  in  shade,  July  24,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1 118). 
A.  NUTANS  (Bull.)  Grey. 

On  dead  log,  Short  Creek.     Spores  7.5  /x,  July  24,   1893 
(Nuttall,  II 19). 

PERICHAENA  Fries. 

P.    FLAVIDA  Peck. 

On  bark  of  dead  Magnolia  Fraseri.     Fayette,  near  Nut- 
tallburg  (Nuttall). 

LYCOGALA  Mich. 

L.    EPIDENDRON   Buxb. 

On  wet  dead  logs,  June   15,   1893    (Nuttall,  995).     On 
Magnolia  Fraseri,  Nov.  1895. 
L.  coNicuM  Pers.     (Det.  O.  F.  Cook.) 

Summers,  along  Tugg  Creek,  near  Hinton  (Morris,  947). 

TRICHIA  Hall. 
T.  FALLAX  Pers. 

On  side  of  dead  log,  Oct.  19,  1893.     Rich  reddish-brown 
color  when  fresh,  shining  pale-brown  when  dry ;  elaters  long 
and  slender  pointed,  spores  10  to  12.5  /a  (Nuttall,  1200). 
T.  ciiRYSosPERMA  (Bull.)  DeC. 

On   decayed    wood,    Monongalia    Co.,    near    Morgantown 
(Millspaugh).     On  dead  logs^Feb.  8,  1893   (Nuttall,  842). 
T.  PROXiMELLA  Karst. 

On  Liquidainbar  styracifnia,  Feb.  6,  1893   (Nuttall,  836). 

HEMIARCYRIA  Rost. 
H.  RUBiFORMis  (Pers.)  Rost. 

Under  bark   of  Fraxinus  Americana  and    Oiicrcus  alba, 
Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).    On  bark 
of  dead  Quercus  sp.  Feb.  13,  1893   (Nuttall,  843). 
H.  CLAVATA   (Pers.)   Rost. 

Under  bark  of  wet  decaying  log  Quercus  alba.     Mononga- 
lia Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).    On  dead  log,  June 
15,  1893  (Nuttall,  831). 
H.  STiPATA  Schw. 

On  dead  wet  limbs  of  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Sept.   16,   1895 
(Nuttall,  1847). 

H  Y  P  H  O  ^I  Y  C  E  T  A  C  E  AE. 

OOSPORA  Wallr. 
O.  FASCicuLATA  (Berk.)  Sacc. 

On  decaying  orange,  Jan.  15,  1893  (Nuttall,  1134). 


32  THE    WEST    \1RGINIA    FLORA 

MONILIA  Pers. 

j\I.    AUREO-FULVA  C.  &  E. 

On  under  side  of  dead  log  Liqnidamhar  styraciflua,  Aug". 
29,  1893  {Nut tall,  1186).      " 

M.   FRUCTIGENA    Pcrs. 

On  ripe  fruit  Primus  ccrasus  cult.  Monongalia  Co.,  near 
jMorgantown  (Millspaugli).  On  fruit  of  Prunus  domcstica 
cult,  and  Auiygdalus  Pcrsica  cult..  June  28,  1893  (Nuttall, 
1006). 

POLYSCYTALUM  Riess. 
P.  SERicEUM  Sacc. 

On  Oucrcus  Prinus,  Nov.,  1893   (Nuttall,  1335,  293). 

OIDIUM   Link. 

O.    ERYSIPHOIDES    Fr. 

On  Zisia  cordata,  Eupatorium  purpurewu  and  Rubus  odor- 
atus,  Nov.  18,  1893  (Nuttall,  1266,  210). 
O.  LEUcocoNiuM  Desm. 

On   leaves   of   Rosa   cult.,    Cabell    Co.,    near   Huntington 
(Millspaugh). 
O.  MONiLioiDES  Link. 

On  living  leaves  Poa  pratdisis,  Preston  Co.,  near  Terra 
Alta  (Millspaugh).  On  same  host,  May  30,  1894  (Nuttall 
1512). 

BOTRYOSPORTUM  Corda. 
B.  PULCHRUM  Corda. 

On  Lactuca  Canadensis,  Aug.  23,  1895.  Tips  of  branches 
inflated.    Spores  7.5  x  2.5  fx  (Nuttall,  1844,  735)- 

TRICHODERMA   Pers. 
T.  LiGNORUM  (Tode)  Harz. 

Under  bark  rotten  Hicoria  ovata  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,250 
ft.,  Dec.  8,  1893  (Nuttall,  1299,  248). 

ASPERGILLUS  Mich. 
A.  GLAUcus  (Linn.)  Link. 

On  Crategus  sp.,  April  30,  1894  (Nuttall,  1474). 
A.  GLAUCUS  OBLONGispoRUS   E,    &   W.    Field.    Mus.    Bot.,    I  :88 
(1896). 

Found  on  Lachnocladiuiu  scuiivcstituiu  after  neglect  in 
plant  press  (Nuttall,  1871,  760). 

This  is  either  a  new  species  or  a  distinct  variety  of  A. 
glaucus.  The  smooth  oblong-elliptical  conidia  are  quite  dif- 
ferent from  the  usual  form.     Spores  5  to  7.5  x  2.5  to  3  /x. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  33 

A.  FLAVUS  Lk. 

Also   found   on    Lachnoladiiiin   scnik'cstitum   neglected   in 
plant  press  {Xutfall,  1877,  760). 
Conidia  4  to  6  /x  diameter. 

STERIGAIATOCYSTIS  Cram. 
S.  NIGRA  V.  Tiegh. 

On  dried  peach  in  garden,  Aug.  15,  1893  (Niittall,  1170). 

PENCILLIUM  Link. 
P.  GLAUCUM  Link. 

On  Hydnum  sp.  and  Pol\ponis  I'arians,  Aug.  16,  1893 
(Nut tail  II 64,  136). 

BOTRYTIS  Mich. 

B.  OLIVACEA  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :88  (i8g6). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  log.  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft., 
Feb.  26,  1894  (NnttalL  discov.  1411,  381).  Fungi  Colum- 
biana, 593.    N.  A.  F..  3187. 

Forming  thin  olivaceous  patches  2  to  4  cm.  in  extent, 
composed  of  olive-brown,  septate  threads,  about  4  /x,  thick, 
and  dichotomously  or  oppositely  branched  above,  the  short 
(15  to  25  fji)  branches  sub-attenuated  above,  and  bearing 
the  obovate  or  elliptical,  olive-brown,  6  to  8  x  4  to  4.5  « 
conidia  at  their  tips. 
B.  torta  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  375. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  leaves  Carcx  Frascri,  Dec.  10. 
18;^  (N'uttall,  discov.  1248,  257). 

Hyphje  simple,  sparingly  branched,  twisted  above  as  in  B 
strcptothrix  or  in"  Strcptotlirix  atra  B.  &  C,  brown,  80  to 
100  X  3  to  4  /x.  forming  numerous  small  brownish-black 
tufts,  effused  or  gregarious,  on  both  sides  of  the  leaf.  Coni- 
dia elliptical  brown,  5  to  6.5  x  3  to  3.5  /x. 

Differs  from  B.  strcptothrix  ( C.  &  E.)  in  its  much  smaller 
conidia  and  more  dwarfish  growth. 
B.  vulgaris  Fr. 

On  leaves  Magnolia  Frascri,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  July  12,  1893; 
on  burs  of  Xaiithiimi  Canadensc,  Nov.  i,  1893;  on  pedicels 
of  Ipomaca  pandurata,  Feb.  17,  1894;  on  decaying  Brassica 
oleracca,  Jan.  18,  1894;  on  Cicuta  macidata,  Alarch  18,  1894 
(Nut tall,  1 1 16). 

A^ERTICILLIUM  Nees. 
V.  osteophilum  E.  &:  E.,  Field.  Mus.  Bot.,  i  189  (^896). 

Type  habitat:  On  jaw  bone  of  calf,  in  woods,  Nov.  27, 
1894  (Niittall,  discov.  1761,  647). 


34  TIIK    \Vi:ST    \IR(;iNIA    FLORA 

Prostrate  sterile  hyphce  yellowish-brown,  distantly  septate, 
rough,  6  to  7  /A  diameter ;  fertile  hyphze  loosely  cespitose. 
erect  septate,  smooth,  yellowish-hyaline,  7  to  1$  fi  diameter, 
the  primary  branches  alternate,  and  is.-uing-  at  right  angles, 
bearing  opposite  or  ternately-verticillate  branches,  the  ulti- 
mate division  12  to  15  x  4  ju.  3  to  4  in  a  terminal  verticil,  with 
tips  often  curved  and  bearing  i  to  4  terminal,  globose,  hya- 
line, 3.5  to  4  /a;  conidia. 
V.  ruNicEUM  (Cke  &  E.)  Grev. 

On  dead  sticks,  June,  1893  {Nutiall,  1115). 

TRICHOTHECIUM  Link. 

T.  ROSEUM  (Pers.)  Link. 

On  dead  dried  peach  on  ground ;  on  decaying  leaves  Ilex 
verticillata,  Sept.  14,  1893   (Nnttall,  1199). 

CEPHALOTHECIUM  Corda. 

C.  ROSEUM  Corda. 

On  old  Poly  poms  pergamemis,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft., 
Nov.  10,  1893  (Nut tall,  1260,  205). 

DACTYLIUM  Nees. 

D.  DENDROIDES    (Bull.)    Fr. 

On  Polystictus  versicolor,  and  apparently  checking  its  de- 
velopment.   Oct.  12,  1893  (Nuftall,  1206).    Spores  28  X  10  ju. 

RAMULARIA  Ung. 
R.  Celastri  Ell.  &  Mart. 

On   leaves   of   Celastrns  scandens  near   the  ground.   Oct. 
II,  1894.     Conidia  15  to  28  /*  (Nuttall,  1700). 
R.  TuLASNEi  Sacc. 

On  Fragaria  cult.,  Oct.  2"/,   1894   (Nuttall,   1724). 
R.  Taraxaci  Karst 

On  Taraxacum  Taraxacum,  Oct.  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  1722). 

D  E  M  A  T  I  A  C  E  AE. 

CONIOSPORIUM  Link. 

C.  HARKNESSIOIDES    (Ell.  &  Holl.)    SaCC. 

On  Rumex  acctosella,  Oct.  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  \']2'j,  613). 
TORULA  Pers. 

T.    DIMIDIATA,Penz 

On   Rhus   hirta,   alt.    1,300   ft.,    Nov.   21,    1893    (Nuttall, 
1273,  220). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  35 

T.  HERB  ARUM  Link. 

On  Asparagus  officinalis,  Nov.  i,  1893  (Niittall,  1240, 
186). 

PERICONIA   Bon. 

P.  PYCNOSPORA  Fres. 

On  Parthcnocissus  qninquefolia,  Feb.  20,  1894.  Conidia 
12.5  to  15  /A  diameter.  On  Ruhus  odoratus.  On  Polymnia 
Uz'edalia.  On  Phytolacca  decandra,  hyphse  600  x  15  to  16  /x 
(N'tiftall,  1413).  On  Polymnia  Uvedalia,  spores  12.5  to 
15  /x  Nov.  16,  1894  (Nnttall,  1743). 

GONATOBOTRYUM  Sacc. 
G.  MAcuLiocoLUM  (Wint.)  Sacc. 

On  youn.^  sprouts  Haniauielis  Virginica  i  to  2  feet  hig'h ; 
Short  Greek,  alt.   1,850  ft..  Au^2:.   15,   1894   {Nuttall,   1656). 

STREPTO'J'HRIX  Corda. 
S.  ATRA  B.  &  G. 

On  dead  limbs  on  ground.  Conidia  6  to  8  x  4.5  to  5  fx, 
Dec.  16,  1893  (Nuttall,  1329). 

ZYGODESMUS   Gorda. 

Z.   GRAMINICOLA   E.    &   E. 

On  Carex  Fraseri,  spores  7.5  /x  Feb.  11,  1894  (A'ltttall, 
1374,334)- 

Z.   PANNOSUS    B.   &   G. 

On  charred  bark,  Alay  28,  1894  (Nuttall,  1531,  502). 
Z.   TILIACEUS  E.  &  E. 

On  bark  of  dead  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Fayette,  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Nuttall.) 

STAGHYLIDIUM  Link. 
S.  CARiciNUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  377. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  leaves  Carex  Fraseri  Feb.  11, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1375.  355). 

Hyphse  fasciculate  brown,  septate  600  to  700  x  3  u  simple 
or  occasionally  forked  above  towards  the  tip,  with  short 
cylindrical  hyaline  branches  opposite  or  in  whorls  of  three, 
bearing  at  their  tips  the  elliptical,  hyaline  4  to  5  x  1.5  to  2  /a 
conidia,  collected  into  a  globose  head  10  to  12  /a  diameter. 

FUSIGLADIUM  Bonord. 
F.  DENDRiTicuM   (Waller.)   Fckl. 

On  living  Pyrus  Mains  leaves  and  fruit.  Monongalia  Go., 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaiigh). 


36  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

F.  ViRGINIENSE  E.   &   E.    sp.   IIOV  ? 

Type  habitat:  On  living  leaves  Aster  infiruius,  June  29, 
1894  (Nutfall,  discov.  1593,  541). 

POLYTHRINCIUM  Kunze  &  Schm. 

P.  Trifolii  Kunze. 

On  Trifoliniii  rcpcns,  July  4,  1894  (Nuttall,  1588) 

CLADOSPORIUM  Link. 

C.  HERBARUM   (Pers.)  Link. 

On  Polygonatum  hiflorum,  Menispermum  Canadcnse,  and 
leaves  of  Rhus  hirta,  June  28,  1894  (Nuttall,  1564). 

C.    HERBARUM    FASCICULARE   Corda. 

On  Reseda  cult.,  Jan.  28,  1894.     Conidia  15  to  18  x  6  to 
7.5  /x  I  to  2  septate  (Nuttall,  1354). 
C.  NiGRELLUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1893,  463. 

Type  habitat  :  On  inner  bark  of  Robinia  Pseudacacia 
railroad  ties,  Keeney's  Creek,  Oct.  1893  (Nuttall,  discov. 
1227,  172). 

Hyphse  densely  tufted,  septate,  sub-equal,  150  to  200  x  5 
to  6  /x,  tufts  effused,  subconfluent,  forming  a  black,  velvety 
coat  extending  over  the  surface  of  the  bark  indefinitely,  with 
the  same  habit  as  Macrosporium  nigrellum  C.  &  E.  Conidia 
smoky-hyaline,  becoming  pale  brown,  variable  in  size,  the 
smaller  ones  ovate,  continuous  or  uniseptate,  6  to  8  x  5  /x, 
the  larger  ones  oblong-elliptical  or  sub-cylindrical,  2  to  3- 
septate,  12  to  15  x  5  to  6  /x. 
C.  Triostei  Peck. 

On  living  leaves  Triostcnin  pcrfoliatum,  alt.  1.200  ft.,  July 
26,  1894  (Nuttall,  1824). 
C.  epiphyllum  (Pers..)  Mart. 

On  dying  leaves  Robinia  Pseudacacia,  July  31,  1893  (Nut- 
tall,  II 39). 
C.  corynitrichum  E.  &  E. 

On  leaves  of  Magnolia  Fraseri.  Fayette,  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Nuttall). 

C.  sp. 

On  dead  decorticated  limb  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Sept.,   189s 
(Nuttall,  1853,  739). 
A  most  beautiful  velvety  black  form. 
C.  epimyces  Cooke. 

On    pileus    Polyporus   varians,    Jan.    25,    1894    (Nuttall, 

1341)- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  37 

CLASTEROSPORIUM  Sz. 
C.  CORNUTUM  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:92   (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  decaying  wood,  Oct.  21.  1895  (Nutt- 
all,  discov.  1883). 

Hyphse  prostrate,  septate,  branched,  brown,  about  6  ,a 
diameter,  eiTused  in  black  velvety  patches  i  to  2  cm.  across. 
Conidia  in  pairs  or  threes,  horn-shaped,  10  to  14  septate.  100 
to  225  X  14  /x,  broadest  below,  gradually  tapering  above  to 
an  obtuse  point,  curving  outward  at  the  base,  rising  and 
spreading  out  above  like  the  horns  of  an  ox.  The  conidia 
are  but  slightly  constricted  at  the  septa  and  are  sessile  on 
the  hyphas,  appearing  at  first  as  a  simple  nodule  or  tubercle 
on  the  side  of  the  thread. 

Allied  to  C.  Hirudo  Sacc,  but  that  has  solitary  multisep- 
tate  (55  to  65)  conidia  and  evanescent  hyphse. 
C.  siGMOiDEUM  E.  &  E.,  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  24:472  (1897). 

Hyphse  effused,  crooked,  septate  at  intervals  of  about  15  i^, 
forming  an  olive-black  stratum  on  the  bark  for  many  cm. 
in  extent,  subcespitose,  300-400  x  (6-7  /x ;  conidia  broad-fusoid, 
sigmoid  (ends  curved  in  opposite  directions),  4  (excep- 
tionally 5)  septate  and  slightly  constricted  at  the  septa,  in- 
termediate cells  brown,  end  cells  hyaline,  40-70  x  12-15  /^' 
mostly  subtruncate  above. 

On  dead  limbs  of  Castanca.  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg, 
March,  1896  {Nuttall,  819). 

HELAIINTHOSPORIUM  Link. 

H.  PERSiSTENS  Cooke. 

On  branches  of  Acer  in  pine  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft ,  March 
9,  1894.    Conidia  75  to  150  x  10  to  15  jx  (Nuttall,  1421,  392). 
H.  macrocarpon  Grev. 

On  decorticated  limbs  Platanus  occidcntalis.    Oct.  6,  1895 
{Nuttall,  1887).     On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Nov.,   1895. 
H.  folliculatum  Corda. 

On  Zea  Mays,  Aug.  2,  1895  (Nuttall,  1835). 

H.   ATTENUATUM   Pcck  &   Cookc. 

On  dead  log,  Short  Creek,  alt.*  1,800  ft.,  Tune  10,  1894 
(Nuttall,  1547). 

H.    SEPTEMSEPTATUM    Pcck. 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  June  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  1574.  534). 
H.  brachypus  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :92  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  dry  wood  of  old  log.  ( )ct.  8,  1895 
(Nuttall,  discov.  1873,  757). 

Efifused  in  brownish-black  patches  of  several  centimeters 
in  extent,  velutinous,  thin.  Prostrate  hyphse  only  sparingly 
branched,    obscurely    septate,    crooked ;    fertile    hyphse    ces- 


38  Till-:    WllSr    NIKCINIA    FLORA 

pitose,  erect,  40  to  50  x  4  to  6  ^u,,  2  to  3  septate,  abruptly 
constricted  at  the  tips  and  snbtruncate.  Conidia  terminal, 
oblong-fusoid,  5-septate  brown,  not  constricted  at  the  septa, 
30  to  40  X  12  to  14  u,  with  a  short  (8  to  10  fi)  obconical, 
hyaline  or  pale-brown,  persistent  pedicel,  which  is  sometimes 
prolonged  into  a  hyaline  thread  as  long  as  the  spore.  This 
prolongation  may  iDe  something-  of  the  nature  of  a  pith  or 
medulla  drawn  out  of  the  supporting  hypha  and  remaining 
attached  to  the  pedicel. 
H.  FusiFORME  Corda. 

On  old  barrel  staves.  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntiftall). 

CERCOSPORA  Fres. 

C.  Armoraciae  Sacc. 

On   Roripa   Arinoracia.      Conidia    175    x    5    ju,    Aug.    26, 
1894   (Nuttall,   1687,  593). 
C.  Caulophylli  Peck. 

On  living  leaves   Caiilophylluiii    tlialicfroidcs.   Grant   Co., 
near  Bayard  (Millspaugh). 
C.  VioLAE  Sacc. 

On  Viola  obliqna,  Aug.   10,  1895   (Nuttall,  1841,  731). 

C.   GRANULIFORMIS   Ell.    &   Hol. 

On  living  leaves   Viola  obliqna,  June  28,    1894    (Nuttall, 
1565)- 

C.    OCULATA    E.    &    K. 

On  leaves  J\^rnoiiia  Novcboraccnsis,  Aug.  6,  1894  {Nutt- 
all, 1682). 
C.  Vernoniae  E.  &  K. 

On  leaves  Vcrnonia  Novcboraccnsis,  Oct.  10,  1894  (Nut- 
tall, 1698). 

C.   OMPHACODES    Ell.    &   Hol. 

On  Phlox  amocna,  July  14,  1894  (Nuttall,  1605). 
C.  Diantherae  E.  &  K. 

On  leaves  of  Diaiithcra  Auicricana.     Oct.  23,  1895  (Nutt- 
all, 1879). 
C.  An'icularis  Wint. 

On  living  leaves  Pol\s;onuni  ai'icularc,  July  5,  1895  (Niitt- 
all,  1815}.^ 
C.  DUBTA  (Riess)  Wint. 

On    Chcnopodiuui    album    riridc,    July   4,    1894    (Nuttall, 
1587). 
C.  r.ETicoLA  Sacc. 

On  leaves  Beta  I'ulgaris,  Oct.  4,  1894  (Nuttall,  1692). 

C.    BOEHMERIAE    Pcck. 

On   leaves   Bochnieria   cylindrica,   Oct.    5,    1894    (Nuttall, 
1694). 


WEST    \TRGINiA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  39 

C.  ACALYPHAE  Peck. 

On    leaves    Acalypha    Virgiinca,    Oct.    3,    1894    {Nuttall, 
1691). 
C.  Ampelopsidis  Peck. 

On  Parthcnocissus  qiiiiiqiicfolia.     Conidia-l-40  x  3  fi,  June 
30,   1894   (Nuttall,   1578). 
C.  IMenispermi  E.  &  H. 

On  leaves  Mcuispcniium  Canadeiisc.     Conidia-j- 77  x  5  /x 
June  26,  1894  (Niittali'.  1562) 
C.  Ageratoides  E.  &  E. 

On  Eupatoriuiii  ai^cratoidcs,  Oct.  14,  1894  (Xuttall,  1706). 
C.  Anthelmintica  Atk. 

On   living  leaves   Chciiopodiiiin   anthcliiuiiticnui,   Oct.    15, 
1894  (Nuttall,  1713,  601) 
C.  Kalmiae  E.  &  E. 

On  leaves  Kalinia  latifoUa,  Aug.  15,  1893  (Nuttall,  1167). 
C.  Oenotherae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.   Phila.  Acad.,   1894,  380. 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Onagra  biennis,  Oct.,  1894 
(Nuttall,  discov.  1704,  599) 

Spots  irregular,  mostly  elongated,  grayish-brown,  sub- 
angular.  3  to  5  X  2  to  3  mm.  subconfiuent.  Hyphae  amphi- 
genous,  sub-hyaline,  continuous  or  faintly  i  to  2  septate, 
15  to  20  X  3  /x  in  minute  scattered  tufts,  few  in  a  tuft, 
spreading  subundulate.  Conidia  linear  or  only  slightly  at- 
tenuated above,  smoky-hyaline,  nucleate  and  faintly  3  to  5 
or  more  septate,  25  to  80  x  2  to  2.5  ix  straight  or  only 
slightly  curved. 
C.  Chionanthi  E.  &  E.,  Eield  Mus.  Bot.,  i  194  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  living  leaves  Chionanthus  Virginica, 
Sept.,   1895,   (Nuttall,  discov.  1852,  738). 

Spots  variable  in  shape,  subindefinite,  dark  brown,  gray- 
ish above,  2  to  4  mm.  diameter.  Hyphae  epiphyllous,  ces- 
pitose,  75  to  150  X  3.5  to  5  IX,  brown,  septate,  and  sub- 
geniculate  or  subundulate  above.  Conidia  fusoid  or  clavate, 
becoming  brown,  3  to  5-septate,  30  to  60  x  4  to  4.5  fi. 
C.  SEPTORioiDES  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:94  (1896). 

Type  piabitat  :  On  leaves  Riibus  Canadcusis,  Oct.  16, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1725,  610). 

Spots  dirty-brown,  irregular,  subangular,  more  or  less 
limited  by  the  veinlets,  2  to  3  mm.  diameter,  definite,  but 
without  any  differently  colored  border.  Hyph?e  epiphyllous, 
cespitose  on  a  small  tubercular  base,  simple,  sub-entire,  con- 
tinuous, brownish,  20  to  25  x  3  (x.  Conidia  cylindrical, 
slightly  curved,  hyaline,  nucleate,  35  to  63  x  2  to  2.5  /x. 

Differs  from  C.  Rubi  Sacc.  in  its  narrower  conidia  with- 
out septa,  and  its  shorter  hyphse. 


40  Tin-:  WEST  \irginia  flora 

C.  RuBi  Sacc. 

On  leaves  Riibiis  Canadensis,  Nov.,   1894   {Xnttall,   178s. 
676). 
C.  DEPAZEOiDES  (Desiii.)  Sacc. 

On  Samhucus  Canadensis,  July  26,  1894  (Nuttall,   1626). 
C.  Smilacis  Thum. 

On    living   leaves    Sinilax   rotnndifolia,    Monongalia    Co., 
near   Camp   Eden    (Milisl^angh).      On   Sinila.v   rotnndifolia 
(Nuttall,  1573,  533). 
C.  ciTRULLiNA  Cooke. 

On  living  leaves  of  the  Watermelon.  ]\Iason,  near  Point 
Pleasant  and  Elvvell  {Sheldon). 
C.  Smilacina  Sacc. 

On  leaves  Suiilax  glauca,  Aug.  26,  1894  {Xnftall,  1653, 
573)- 

C.   COLUMN ARIS   E.   &  E. 

On  Pliaseolus  -c'nlgaris  cult.    Oct.  13.  1895  (Nuttall,  1870). 
SPORODESAIIU^I  Link. 

S.   TORULOIDES    E.   &   E. 

On  dead  twigs  Cornns  florida,  June  10,  1894  (Nuttall. 
1548,  514). 

S. sp. 

Type  habitat:  On  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Feb.  3,  1894 
(Nuttall,  discov.  331). 

S.    MORIFORME    Pcck. 

On   Opulaster  opulifolins,   May   12,    1894.      Spores  25   to 
40  X  25  /^  (Nuttall,  1503,  483). 
S.  aurantiacum  B.  &  C. 

On  a  dead   stick,    Short   Creek,   July   25,    1893    (Nuttall. 

1132,   115)- 
S.  coNciNNUM  Berk. 

On  wet  dead  sticks  in  association  with  Clavaria  niucida, 
Oct.  and  Nov.,  1893.  Conidia  112  to  115  x  30  to  32  /i,; 
65  to   100  X  30  fi  (Nuttall,   1233). 

SPEIRA  Corda. 

S.  MINOR  Sacc. 

On  Piniis  Virginiana,  Dec.  15,  1894.     Conidia  30  x  10  fx 

(Nuttall,  lyys^  664). 

MACROSPORIUM   Fr. 

M.  COMMUNE  Rabh. 

On  dead  stems  of  garden  Asparagus  officinalis,  conidia-r 
40  X   15  IX,  Nov.   I,   1893    (Nuttall,   1222).     On  petioles  of 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4I 

Aralia  spinosa,  conidia  75  x  20  /x  {Nnttall,  358).    On  Riuncx 
obtusifolius,  Rhus  radicans  and  Ciciita  maciilata?  {Nnttall). 

M.  ■ sp. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  stems  Polyuinia  Uvcdalia,  Nov. 
3,  1893  (Nnttall,  discov.  1736,  623). 

M.  Abutilonis  Speg. 

On  AhiitUon  AhutUon,  July  21,  1895  (Nnttall,  1836). 

•M.  sp. 

Type  habitat  :     On  decayed  fruit  Diospyros  Virginiana, 
April  25.  1895  (Nnttall,  discov.  1825,  711). 
M.  AscLEPiADEUM  Cooke  ? 

On  Asdepias  Syriaca,  Nov.  3,  1894  (Nnttall,  1730). 

M.   CAUDATUM   C.   &  E. 

On  dead  flowers  of  Yucca  cult.,  Sept.  5,  1894  (Nnttall. 
1680,  587).     On  stems  of  Phytolacca  dccandra,  conidia  88 

X   20   IX. 

M.  Saponariae  Peck. 

On  Saponaria  offtciualis,  Oct.  6,   1894   (Nnttall,   1695). 

M.  olivaceum  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  383. 

Type  habitat  :  Parasitic  on  Sphaeropsis  Asiininae  on 
dead  limbs  of  AsUnina  triloba,  Alarch,  1894  (Nnttall,  discov. 
1418,  388). 

Forms  a  li_2:ht  olive  velutinous  coat  over  the  pustules  of 
the  Sphaeropsis.  Hyph?e  tufted,  yellowish  brown  (under 
the  microscope),  septate,  erect,  nearly  straight  or  subun- 
dulate,  80  to  100  x  4  to  5  ^u,.  Conidia  obovate  or  obpiriform, 
3  to  5-septate  and  muriform,  brown,  24  to  38  x  15  to  20  ju. 
terminal,  sessile.  Conidia  also  occur  subcubical  or  subglobose 
15  to  20  /I  diameter  with  2  septa  crossing  each  other  at 
right  angles. 

M.  antennaeforme  P).  &  C. 

On  Celtis  occidentalis,  Aug.  11,  1894  (Nnttall,  1652). 
Conidia-f95  x  15/^. 

M.  sp. 

Type  habitat:    On  pods  of  Datnra  Strainoninin,  Feb.  10, 
1894  (Nnttall,  discov.  1369,  326). 
M.  Tomato  Cooke? 

On  ripe  fruit  Lycopcrsicnm  escidenttini  cult.  Spores 
shorter  than  described.  Sept.  9,  1893  (Nnttall,  1195).  Same 
host  ^Monongalia  Co.,  at  ]\Iorgantown,  prevalent  1891  (Mills- 
pan  gh). 

M.  Maydis  C.  &  E. 

On  leaves  Zca  Mays  cult.,  with  conidia  smaller  than  de 
scribed.  Nov..  1893   (Nnttall,  1334,  292). 


42  Till-:    WLiST    \TRG1XIA     II.(  )KA 

TRICHAEGU-M    Cn-da. 
T.  NODULosuM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  385. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  leaves  Carcx  Frascri,  Feb.  11, 
1894  {Niittall,  discov.  1373,  333). 

Erunipcnt,  tufted,  becoming  subetTused,  l)lack,  tufts  gre- 
garious, forming  subvelutinous  patches  2  to  4  mm.  across, 
or  when  standing  singly  the  hyphcC  and  conidia  forming  a 
compact  mass  .5  to  i  mm.  diameter,  and  resembling  some- 
what the  sorus  of  a  Pncciiiia.  Hyph?e  simple  sparingly  fasci- 
culate, brown,  septate,  often  swollen  at  the  septa,  about  4  n 
thick  and  200  to  300  ju,  long.  Conidia  near  the  base  of  the 
hypha:^,  at  first  elliptical,  yellowish-hyaline,  uniseptate,  8  to 
10  X  6  to  7  ju,,  soon  becoming  4  to  6-septate,  muriform  and 
opaque,  10  to  25  fx  diameter,  subglobose,  obovate,  or  elliptical. 

SEPTOSPORIUM  Corda. 

S.  EouiSETi  Peck,  Rep.  State  Bot.  N.  Y.,  1892,  25. 

Type  habitat:  Tips  of  living  leaves  Equisctnm  arrcnsc, 
Doddridge  Co.,  near  Center  Point,  and  Monongalia  Co.,  on 
College   campus,   Alorgantown    (Millspaugh,   discov.    1891). 

Hyphae  forming  minute  tufts,  the  fertile  very  short,  bear- 
ing acrogenous  spores,  the  sterile  longer,  septate,  colored ; 
spores  elliptical,  usually  with  three  transverse  septse  and 
one  or  two  longitudinal  ones,  colored,  .001  in.  long,  .005  in. 
broad. 

ALTERNARIA  Nees. 

A.  Brassicae  nigrescens  Pegl. 

On  Alusk-melons,  Ohio,  near  Elm  Grove  (Sheldon). 

SARCTNELLA  Sacc. 

S.  heterospora  Sacc. 

On  Ccrcis  Canadensis,  Oct.  16,  1894  {Nnttall,  1726,  610). 

S  T  I  L  B  A  C  E  AE. 

STILBUM  Tode. 

S.  MAGNUM  Peck. 

In  cracks  of  bark,   Nov.  6,    1893.      Spores  2.5   x   1.25   ,u 
(Nuttall,   1278,  225). 
S.  FLAViPES  Peck. 

On  dead  driftwood   Plafcnus  occidcnfalis,  Dec.    12,   1894 
(Nuttall,  1767). 
S.  erythrocephalum  Ditm. 

On  dung  of  Rabbit,  Jan.  18,  1894  (Nuttall,  1345,  304). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  43 

S.  vuLGARE  Tode? 

On  fallen  dead  leaves,  Short  Creek,  July  25,  1893  (  Xuttall, 
112,7,  120). 

PILACRE  Fries. 
P.  GRACiLiPES  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  386. 

Type  habitat:  On  rotten  wood.  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,750 
ft.,  Dec.  16,  1893  {Nnttall,  discov.  1219,  274). 

Scattered,  stem  slender,  white-pruinose,  3  mm.  long,  .25 
to  .33  mm.  thick.  Head  hemispherical,  olivaceous,  about  i 
nniL  diameter.  Fertile  hyphse  hyaline,  dichotomously 
branched,  2  to  2.5  /x  thick,  bearing  the  conidia  laterally. 
Conidia  globose  or  subglobose,  yellow-brown  under  the 
microscope,  4  to  5.5  /x  diameter. 

Smaller  and  of  a  more  slender  growth  than  P.  Pctcrsii 
B.  &  C. 
P.  Petersii  B.  &  C. 

On  Acer  sacclianmi  and  Hex  opaca,  Feb.  10,  1894  (Nutt- 
all,  1371).     C)n  Magnolia  Frascri,  Nov.,  1895. 

ISARL\  Pers. 

I.  ViRGiNiENSis  E.  &  E.  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1893,  465. 

Ty'pe    habitat  :      On    the    young    stroma    of    Hypo.vylon 

rnhiginosumf  June  30,  1893  {Niittall,  discov.  1109,  95,  102). 

Stromata  gregarious,  simple,  slender-clavate,  1.5  to  2  mm. 

high.     Yellowish-white,  obtuse  and  subcapitate  at  the  apex, 

curved,   often   decumbent,   clothed   nearly   to   the  base   with 

spreading,   hyalme,   dendroid,    1.5   to  2   fi   branching   hyphse 

(sporophores)  40  to  45  x  2.5  jU,  their  tips  often  toothed  and 

bearing  i  to  4  elliptical  or  ovate,  hyaline  3.5  x  2.5  /i  conidia. 

Analogous  to  /.  iimbriiia  Pers  {Insfitalc  acarifonnc  Fr. ), 

but  differs  in  several  respects. 

I.  CLAVATA  Ditm. 

On  dead  sticks  on  ground.  June,  1893   (Xittlall,  mo). 

CERATIU^I  A.  &  S. 
C.  hydnoides  (Jacq.)  Alb.  &  Schw. 

On  rotten  log,  June  10,  1893  (Nuttall,  976). 

SPOROCYBE    Fr. 
S.  Rhois  (B.  &  C.)  Sacc. 

On  Rhus  copallina,  March  24,  1894,  spores  7.5  x  2  to  2.5  /*. 
On  Rhus  hirfa,  March  28,  1894,  spores  10  x  2.^  jj.  (Xuttall, 
1430). 
S.  AzALEAE  (Peck)   Sacc. 

On  capsules  of  Rhododendron  nwxinuiui.  Dec.   12.   1893. 


44  'i'HE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Conidia  varying  from  globular  through  elliptical  to  cyl- 
indrical, dark  brown,  outer  coat  easily  ruptured,  lo  x  lo, 
8  X  5,  12  X  5,  15  X  7.5  /.  (Nnttall,  1307). 

T  U  B  E  R  C  U  L  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

TUBERCULARIA  Tode. 

T.  VULGARIS  Tode. 

On  twigs,  Feb.  23,  1893.     On  Rohinia  Pseudacacia,  Dec. 

1,  1893.     On  Aralia  spinosa,  Dec.  13,  1893.     On  Sainhiicus 
puhens.     On  Acer  Ncgundo,  April  20,  1894  (Niittall,  942) 
On  limbs  of  dead  Rhus  hirfa,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgan- 
town,  1891  {Millspaugh). 

T.  HAMATA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  386. 

TvPE  HABITAT :    On  dead  limbs  of  Celtis  occidentalis.    Feb. 

2,  1894  {Nnttall,  discov.  1357,  313)- 

Depressed  hemispherical,  umbonate,  soon  becoming  black, 
.5  to  1.5  mm.  diameter,  Conidia  oblong,  slightly  curved, 
hyaline,  5  to  8  x  1.5  to  2  /a  on  slender  simple  sporophores 
30  to  40  II  long,  incurved  or  involute  at  the  tips. 

T.  sp. 

On  Asimina  triloba,  Feb.  22,  1894.  Flesh  colored  spores 
18  to  22  X  3  /x  (Nnttall,  1391,  361). 

T.  sp. 

Conidia  of  Nccfria  verrucosa.    On  dead  twigs  Moras  rubra 
July  25,  1895  (Nutfall,  1827,  715). 
T  Sambuci  Corda. 

On  Sainbucus  pubcns,  Feb.  26,  1894   (Nnttall,   1409). 
T.  Celastri  Schw. 

On  Celastrus  scaudcns,  April  25,  1895.  Spores  S  to  6  x  2  « 
(Nnttall,  181 1 ). 

DENDRODOCHIUM  Bon. 

D.  AFFixE  Sacc. 

On  bark  wet  dead  stumps,  Oct.  24,  1893   (Nnttall,   1229, 

174")- 
D.  rubellum  microsporum  Sacc. 

On  dead  limb  Magnolia  acuuiiuata,  Aug.  16.  1894,  Short 
Creek,  alt.   1,000  ft.     On  Liriodeudroii  Tulipifera   (Nuttall. 

^659)- 

TUBERCULINA  Sacc. 

T.  persicina  (Ditm.)   Sacc. 

Parasitic  on  Uredo  (Cseoma)  nitens,  that  on  Rubus  Bailey- 
anus.  June  10.  1894  (Nnttall,  1557,  527). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  45 

ILLOSPORIUM  Mart 
I.  CAESPiTOSUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  385. 

Type  habitat:  On  rotten  log,  Nov.  15,  1893  (Niittall, 
discov.  1286,  231). 

Sporodochia  globose,  100  to  no  /*  diameter,  cespitose, 
forming  tufts  about  i  mm.  diameter.  Hyphse  6  to  8  /x,  thick, 
branched,  the  branches  curved  or  tortuous.  Conidia  globose 
or  ovate  6  to  12  /^  diameter. 

Differs  from  /  coccinclbini   Cke.   in  its  color,  and  larger 
cespitose  sporodochia. 
I.  MALiFOLioRUM,  J.  L.  Sheldon,  Torreya,  8:139-41   (1908). 

Spots  suborbicular,  or  coalescing  and  becoming  irregular, 
brown  or  sometimes  mottled  with  gray  and  with  a  small  gray 
spot  near  the  center,  5  to  15  mm.  in  diameter;  sporodochia 
hypophyllous,  minute,  gelatinous,  yellowish-amber  and  black- 
ening, subspherical  when  moist  (i^Ofx),  becoming  disc-shaped 
or  irregular  when  dry  (60  to  lOO/x,)  ;  sporophores  branched; 
conidia  hyaline,  oblong,  i  x  3.5  to  4^. 

On  leaves  of  Mains  in  various  parts  of  the  State  (SJieldon), 
Greenbrier,  near  \\'hite  Sulphur  Springs   (IVaitc). 

HYMENULA  Fr. 
H.  CEREALis  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  386. 

Type  habitat  :  On  wheat  straw  Triticum  sp.  brought  in 
from  Painesville,  Ohio,  May  24,  1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  1520, 

495)- 

Sporodochia   gelatinous,  orbicular,   yellowish-amber   color 

becoming  darker,  at  first  sub-pulvinate,  becoming  depressed 
or  flattened,  .5  to  .75  mm.  diameter.  Basidia  slender,  25 
to  30  X  1.25  ju,  simple  or  oftener  branched.  The  branches 
erect.     Conidia  hyaline,  oblong,  minute.  3  to  4  x  i  to  1.25  fx. 

CYLINDROCOLLA,  Bon. 
C.  Dendroctoni  Peck,  in  ]\Iillsp.  Flora,  W.  \'a.,  1892,  516. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  insects,  Dcndroctonns  frontalis, 
beneath  the  bark  of  pine.  Hampshire  Co.,  near  Romney, 
(Millspaugh). 

The  insects  are  probably  killed  by  this  fvmgus,  as  they  lie 
dead  in  their  burrows  in  the  inner  bark  of  the  tree  (Piiins 
Virginiana). 

Sporodochia  minute,  forming  irregular  masses,  soft,  some- 
what waxy,  white  or  whitish ;  sporophores  slender,  abun- 
dantly branched  above,  often  compacted  below  into  a  short 
stem-like  base,  spores  catenulate,  short  cylindrical,  subtrun- 
cate,  colorless,  .00016  to  .0002  in.  long,  .00008  to  .0001  in. 
broad. 


46  Tin-:    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

On  some  of  the  insects  there  is  a  cottony  or  flocculent 
mass  of  white  mycehum  interwoven  in  a  somewhat  reticulate 
manner,  and  collected  in  strings  or  bundles.  It  bears  no 
fruit,  but  is  probably  a  luxuriant  growth  of  the  mycelium 
of  this  fungus. 

Occasionally  the  fungus  seems  to  spread  from  the  insect 
to  bark  immediately  adjacent  to  it. 
C.  FLAGELLARis  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:100  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  stem  of  Heliantfius  decapetalus, 
Dec.  3.  1894  {Nnttall.  discov.  1762,  650). 

(C.  lactea  S.  &  E.  partly,  Sacc.  No.  3550.) 

Sporodochia  gregarious,  subglobose,  subhyaline  and  gela- 
tinous when  fresh,  lens-shaped,  with  a  thin  spreading  mar- 
gin, orbicular,  .33  to  .50  mm  diameter,  yellowish-amber  color 
(whitish  in  the  center)  when  dry.  Sporophores  densely 
fasciculate,  flagelliform  2  to  3  times  dichotomously  branched, 
80  to  100  /x  long,  separating  into  the  short  cylindrical,  hya- 
line, 4  to  5  X  I  ju,  conidia. 

This  was  included  by  Saccardo  in  Michelia  II,  p.  581,  in 
Cyliiidrocolla  lactea,  S.  &  E.  (on  rotten  wood  of  Kalmia), 
but  dififers  in  the  shape  and  color  of  the  sporodochia  and  the 
sporophores  only  2  to  3  times  dichotomously  branch.  C. 
lactea  retains  its  white  color  when  dry,  and  resembles  young 
Lasiosphaeria  ovina. 

SCORIOMYCES  Ell  &  Sacc. 

S.  Cragini  E.  &  S. 

Under  loose  bark  of  dead  Hicoria  sp..  Short  Creek,  alt. 
.1,250  ft.,  Nov.  21,   1893   (Nnttall,  1272,  219). 

VOLUTELLA  Tode. 

V.  ciliata  (A  &  S.)  Fr. 

On  decaying  leaves  of  Pruuus  cult,  in  grass,  June  20, 
1893  {Nnttall,  loio). 

BACTRIDIUM  Kunze. 

B.    FLAVUM    K.   &   S. 

Under  decaying  bark  of  Querats  alba.  Monongalia  Co.. 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh). 

HELISCUS  Sacc. 

H.  LuGDUNENSis  Sacc. 

On  dead  limbs  of  Ilex  opaca,  thrown  in  wet  places  one 
year  previously,  March  16.  1894;  sporodochia  +  2  mm.  diam- 
eter, conidia  30  to  33  x  5  |U,  (Nnttall,  1427,  400). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  47 

FUSARIUM  Link. 
F.  CULMORUM  Smith. 

On  heads  of  ripe  Hving  wheat.  MonongaHa  Co.,  Laurel 
Point  (Millspaugh). 

"This  specimen  combines  the  characters  of  a  number  of 
so-called  species,  making  it  difficult  to  say  which  it  really 
is.     Probably  they  are  all  forms  of  one  species."     Professor 
Peck  (in  letter). 
F.  SARCOCHROUM  (Desiii.)  Sacc. 

On  Acer  Negundo,  April  24,  1894  (Nuttall,  1482,  462). 
F.  ALEURiNUM  E.  &  E.,  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  24:476  (1897). 

Sporodochia  compact,  subtuberculiform-effused_  and  sub- 
confluent,  reddish-orange,  mycelium  white;  fertile  hyphse 
erect,  imuch  branched,  branches  erect;  conidia  terminal, 
fusoid,  slightly  curved,  continuous  or  faintly  1-3-septate 
nucleate,  35  to  45  x  2.5  to  3  /x. 

On  wheat  flour  spilt  on  the  ground  and  left  exposed  four 
months.     Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
F.  OxYDENDRi  E.  &  E.  Bull.  Torr.  Club  24:477  (1897). 

Sporodochia  tuberculiform,  about  i  mm.  diameter,  slate- 
color,  subcartilaginous,  truncate  or  concave  above,  erumpent 
through,  and  closelv  surrounded  by  the  ruptured  epidermis; 
hvphc-e  branched,  hyaline,  nucleolate  (olivaceous  in  the 
mass)  ;  conidia  arcuate,  nucleate,  continuous  (as  far  as 
seen),  40  to  60  x  2.5  to  3  /x. 

Allied  to  F.  Scln.'cinitcii  Ell.  &  Hark.,  but  that  has  conidia 
oblong,  obtuse.  20  to  30  x  6  ix. 

On    Oxxdendron    arborenm.      Fayette,   near    Nuttallburg. 
March,   1896   (Xuttall.  827). 
F.  ROSEUM  Link. 

On  follicles  of  Asclcpias  Syriaca,  May  31,  1894.  Conidia 
55  X  4  /x  +  6-septate  (Xuttall,  1530,  503). 

F.  ROSEUM \'ar.  nov? 

On  dead  fruit  of  Diospyros  Jlrgiiiiana,  Aug.,  1895  (Nutt- 
all, 1831,  721). 
F.  SoLANi  Mart. 

Found  associated  with  "black  rot"  on  Tomato  fruits  that 
have  fallen  to  the  ground.  Monongalia  Co.,  at  :\Iorgantown, 
1891  (Millspaugh). 

F. sp. 

On  stems  of  Asparagus  oMcinalis,  Oct.  28.  1893.  Color, 
light-pink.  Conidia  oblong  to  obovate  7.5  to  10  x  2.5  m 
(Nuttall,  1239,   1248.   185). 


48  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

IMICROCERA  Desm. 

M.  ERUMPENS  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  386. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  of  Tsiiga  Canadensis, 
March,  1895  (Nnttall,  discov.  1398,  371). 

Sporodochia  scattered,  depressed-globose,  .5  mm.  diam- 
eter, at  first  covered  by  the  epidermis,  raising  it  into  little 
whitish  pustules,  then  erumpent  and  closely  embraced  by 
the  ruptured  epidermis,  at  first  orange-red,  then  becoming 
nearly  black,  and  finally  leaving  subcupuliform  cavities  in 
the  bark,  when  dry.  Conidia  falcate  to  fusiform,  multinu- 
cleate, and  finally  three  or  more  septate,  60  to  83  x  3  to  4.5 
(ji  hyaline,  narrowing  to  a  slender  point  at  each  end,  borne 
on  short  sporophores  (20  to  35  /x),  which  are  more  or  less 
branched  above. 

Differs  from  M.  coccophila  Desm.  in  the  shape  of  the 
sporodochia  and  their  subcuticular  origin. 

(The  additional  description,  incorporated  in  this  relation 
of  the  specific  characters,  is  by  E.  &  E.) 

EPICOCCUM  Link. 

E  PURPURASCENS  Ehrenb. 

On  cardboard  box  in  grass,  April  13,  1894  (NuitaH,  1453). 
E.  NEGLECTUM  Desm. 

On  living  leaves  of  Avena  sativa  and  Catalpa  Catalpa, 
Monongalia  Co.,  at  Morgantown,  1891    (Millspaitgh). 
E.  DuRiAEANUM  Mont. 

Underside  of  outer  bark  of  Robinia  Pseudacacia,  Nov.  10, 
1893   (Nuttall,  1285,  229). 

EPIDOCHIUM  Fries. 

E.    MELANOCHLORUM    Dcsm.  ? 

On  Carex  Frascri,  Feb.  11,  1894  (Nuttall,  1376,  337). 

TRIMMATOSTROMA  Corda. 

T.  Americana  Thum. 

On  Sali.r  nigra,  March  21,  1894   (Nuttall,   1437,  410). 

HYPHELIA   Fries. 

H.    TERRESTRLS   Fr. 

On  damp  ground.     June   18,   1893    (Nuttall,   1016). 


WEST    \IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  49 

SPHAEROPSIDEAE. 
S  P  H  AE  R  I  O  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

PHYLLOSTICTA   Pers. 

P.  Paviae  E.  &  E. 

On  Aescuiits  ocfaiidra  hybrida  and  HaiuamcHs  Virgijiica, 
June  10,  1894  {Xiittall.  1539).     (P.  sphacropsidca  E.  &  E.) 

P.    CARYIGENA    SaCC. 

P.  Caryac  E.  &  E.     On  living  leaves  of  Hicoria  ovata  and 
H.  microcarpa,  June  30,  1894  (Nuttall,  1580). 
P.  Celtidis  E.  &  K. 

On  living-  leaves  of  Ccltis  occidentalis,  Oct.  10,  1894  (Nutt- 
all, 1 71 5,  603). 
P.  Hamamelidis  Pk. 

On  living  leaves  of  Hamaiuclis  Jlrgiiiica,   June   10,   1894 
(Nuttall,  1556). 
P.  Catalpae  E.  &  M. 

On  living  leaves  of  Catalpa  Catalpa,  July  25,  1895  (Nutt- 
all, 1623). 

P.  Sanguinarlae  Wint. 

On  living  leaves  of  Sangninaria  Canadensis,  June  29,  1894 
(Nuttall,    1567). 
P.  Ipomoeae  E.  &  K. 

On  Ipomoea  pandnrata,  Sept.   19.   1895.     Spores  5  to   10 
X  2  to  2.5  IX  (Nuttall,  1861,  749). 
P.  solitaria  E.  &  E. 

On  Malus  Malus  and  coronaria,  Monongalia,  near  Alor- 
gantown  (Sheldon).     Berkeley,  on  Mains  Malus  at  Gerrards 
town  (Waite). 
P.  Haynaldi  Roum. 

On  Ilex  vcrticUlata.  Oct.  5,  1895.  Spores  ^  to  8  x  2.5  to 
3  /x  (Nuttall,  i^y2,  756). 

P.  RiBis  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :io2  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  of  Rihcs  cult.  Oct.  21.  1895 
(Nuttall,  discov.,  1882,  768). 

Spots  large,  irregular  in  shape,  .5  to  i  cm.  or  often  con- 
fluent along  the  margin  of  the  leaf  for  2  cm.,  rusty  brown, 
becoming  whitish  or  grayish,  and  mostly  zonate,  definite,  but 
without  any  differently  colored  border.  Perithecia  epiphyl- 
lous,  scattered,  150  to  200  fi  diameter,  the  apex  prominent 
and  black.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  hyaline,  granular  and 
nucleate,  15  to  22  x  6  to  9  fx. 

Distinguished  from  P.  ribicola  Fr.,  and  P.  Grossiilariae 
Sacc.  by  its  much  larger  sporules. 


50  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.  Althaeina  Sacc. 

On  Ahutiloii  Aviccnnac.   Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all.) 
P.  Galacis  (Cke).* 

On  leaves  of  Galax  aphylla,  May  4,  1894  {Xnttall,  148G, 

474)- 
P.  Ampelopsidis  E.  &  M. 

On  Parthenocissus  quinqncfolia,  June   18,   1893    (Xiittall, 
1014). 
P.  asiminae  E.  &  K. 

On   living  leaves  Asimiua   triloba,   Monongalia   Co.   near 
Camp   Eden,    1891    (Millspaitgh).     On   same   host   June    i, 
1894,  spores  8  to  10  X  6  /x  (Nnttall,  1517). 
P.  QuERCus-PRiNi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  356. 

Type  habitat:    On  leaves  Oncrcus  Priiius,  June  29,  1894 
{Nuttall,  discov.  1594,  542). 

Spots  orbicular,  rusty  brown,  definite,  with  a  very  narrow 
border,  2  to  3  mm.  diameter.  Perithecia  epiphyllous,  scat- 
tered, erumpent,  90  to  no  /a  diameter.  Sporules  ovate  or 
oblong,  hyaline,  mostly  a  little  curved,  5  to  6.5  x  2  to  2.5  /x. 
This  comes  very  near  PJi.  Ludoviciana  E.  &  E.,  but  in 
that  species  the  spots  are  larger,  perithecia  more  prominent 
below,  and  sporules  rather  larger.  Ph.  marginalis  E.  &  E. 
also  has  similar  sporules,  but  the  perithecia  are  hypophyllous. 
P.  MACROSPORA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  355. 

Type   habitat  :     On   leaves   of  Liriodcndroii    Tnlipifcra, 
Aug.  7,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1654,  574). 

Spots    few,   suborbicular,    ferruginous-gray,   3   to    5   mm. 
diameter,  with  a  narrow,   raised,   darker  border.     Sporules 
oblong  elliptical  hyaline,  nucleate,    15  to  30   (mostly  20  to 
25)  x6to  7/1. 
P.  PiRiNA  Sacc. 

On  Mains  Mahis,  Greenbrier,  at  White  Sulphur  Springs 
(Waite,  716). 
P.  Rosae  Desm. 

On  Rosa  hiimilis.     Spores  6  to  7.5  x  2.5  /x  Sept.  18,  1895 
(Nuttall,  1863). 
P.  gentianicola  (DC). 

On  leaves  of  Gentiana  Andrezcsii,  Sept.  19,  1895.     Spores 
oval,  7.5  x  5  /i,  (Nuttall,  1857). 
P.  RHOicoLA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,    1894.  356. 

Type  habitat  :  Rare,  on  leaves  Rhus  radicans.  Aug.   18, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1668,  567  in  partV 

Spots  4  to  6  mm.  diameter,  deciduous,  grayish-white,  with 

*Phoina    Galacis    Cke.,    Messrs.    Ellis    &    Everhart    decide    from    our 
specimens   that   this   species  belongs   in   Phyllosticta. 


WEST   VIRGINIA   GEOLOGICAL   SURVEY  5 1 

a  narrow  black  border.  Perithecia  epipliyllous,  scattered, 
lOO  to  no  /x  diameter,  convex-prominent  above,  visible  also 
below.  Sporules  narrow-elliptical,  hyaline,  2-nucleate,  5  to  6 
X  2  to  3  /x. 

Differs  from  P.  toxica,  E.  &  M.,  in  larger  deciduous  spots 
with  a  narrow  border,  and  its  narrow-elliptical  sporules. 
P.  LiNDERicoLA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  354. 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Benzoin  Benzoin,  Aug.  26, 
1894  {Nuttal,  discov.   1688,  593). 

Spots  various;  punctiform  and  minute  without  any  definite 
border,  often  irregular  in  shape  i  mm.  to  i  or  1.5  cm.  diam- 
eter, or  marginal,  forming  a  narrow  strip  along  the  edge 
of  the  leaf  for  half  its  length,  pale  brown,  nearly  the  color 
of  weather-beaten  wood,  with  a  dark  (almost  black)  border. 
Perithecia  epiphyllous,  hemispherical,  100  to  120  fj.  diameter, 
covered  by  the  blackened  epidermis  which  is  raised  into 
pustules  barely  pierced  at  the  apex.  Sporules  oblong-el- 
liptical, hyaline,  4  to  7  x  2  to  3  ju,. 

This   differs  in  almost   everv  respect   from  Ph.   Linderae 
E.  &  E. 
P.  Smilacis  subeffusa  E.  &  E. 

On  Smilax  rotundifolia,   Sept.   21,    1894    {NuttaU,    1701, 
594).     Perithecia  scattered  over  surface  of  dead  dry  leaves 
of  the  host. 
P.  OxYDENDRi  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :  104  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  of  Oxydendron  arboreuiii,  Oct. 
10,  1894  {Nnttall,  discov.  1717,  605). 

Spots  suborbicular  or  elliptical,  reddish-gray,  3  to  8  mm. 
diameter,  with  a  narrow,  slightly  raised  dark  red  border, 
beyond  which  the  leaf  is  generally  shaded  reddish-purple. 
Perithecia  epiphyllous,  subapplanate,  100  to  120  ^u,  diameter. 
Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  2-nucleate,  hyaline,  7  to  8  x  2.5  to 
3  /A.  The  spots  finally  become  of  a  lighter,  dirty-white  color. 
P.  Celastri  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:104  (1896). 

Type- HABITAT  :  On  leaves  Celastnis  scaiidciis,  Oct.,  1894 
(NuttaU,  discov.  1718,  606). 

Spots  mostly  marginal,  8.5  to  i  cm.  diameter,  ferruginous, 
definite,  with  a  narrow,  darker  border.     Perithecia  epiphyl- 
lous, subapplanate,   150  fi  diameter.     Sporules  oblong,  7  to 
10  X  2  to  2.5  IX  hyaline,  2-nucleate. 
P.  globifera  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  1104  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Conins  florida,  Oct.  24,  1894 
{Nnttall,  discov.  1728,  615). 

Spots  marginal,  light-brown,  continuous,  extending  across 
the  tip  of  the  leaf  and  partly  down  each  side,  5  to  i  cm. 
wide,  separated  from  the  green  part  of  the  leaf  by  a  narrow, 
purple  margin.     Perithecia  amphigenous,  discoid,  black,  lOO 


52  THE    WKST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

to  112  |U,  diameter.     Sporules  globose  or  short-clliplical.  hya- 
line, granular,  6  to  8  x  5  to  6  ;ii. 
P.  Negundinis   Sacc. 

On  Acer  Negmido,  July  5,  1894.  Sporules  5  to  10  x  3  to 
7.5  IX  {NuttaU,  1631,  560,  561). 

P. ^ sp. 

On    Gciirn    Canadensc,    Oct.    24,    1894    (N^ittall,    1733). 
Spores  irregular  4  to  7.5  x  1.5  to  2.5  /x,  2-nucleate. 
P.   ACERICOLA  E.  &  E. 

On    living   leaves   Acer  sacchariiiiiin,    Putnam    Co.,    near 

Buffalo,   1891    (MillspaugJi).     On  leaves  A.   ruhnim,   June 

24,  1894  (Nuttall,  1 561). 

P.  Xanthorrhizae  E.  &  Nuttall,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :io5  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :     On  leaves  Xanthorrhisa  apiifolia,  Nov. 

3,  1893   {Nuttall,  discov.   1738,  625). 

Spots  subelliptical,  dirty-white  in  the  center  with  a  dark 
shaded  margin,  3  mm.  to  i  cm.  long  x  2  to  8  mm.  wide, 
finally  more  or  less  deciduous.  Perithecia  seated  on  the 
white  part  of  the  spots,  epiphyllous,  subdiscoid,  perforated 
above,  60  to  75  /x  diameter.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  hya- 
line, 2-nucleate,  5  to  6  x  2.5  to  3  ix. 

Accompanied  by  a  Macrosporium  on  the  same  spots. 

P. sp. 

On    leaves   Rnbiis   Canadensis,    Nov.    3,    1894.      Sporules 
variable  in  form,  5  x  1.25  to  2  ;u,  (Nuttall,  1747,  627). 
P.  cercidicola  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:105   (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Cercis  Canadensis,  Nov.  21, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1751). 

Spots  suborbicular,  .5  to  i  cm.  diameter,  rusty-brown,  be- 
coming lighter,  paler  below,  margin  narrow  reddish-purple. 
Perithecia  epiphyllous,  convex,  suberumpent,  but  covered 
(except  the  apex)  by  the  epidermis,  no  to  150  /x  diameter. 
Sporules  oblong,  slightly  narrowed  and  rounded  or  obtusely 
pointed  at  the  ends,  hyaline,  2  to  3-nucleate,  15  to  20  x  6 
to  7  /x.         _ 

Differs  in  the  character  of  the  spots,  and  in  the  presence 
of  a  perithecium,  from  Gloeosporium  Cercidis,  E.  &  E. 
P.  Araliae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  355. 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Aralia  spinosa,  Sept.  20,  1895 
(Nuttall,  discov.    1703,   598  588?). 

Spots  suborbicular,  light-brown  with  the  margin  a  little 
darker,  5  to  i  cm.  diameter.     Perithecia  epiphyllous.  some- 
what flattened,    100  to    150   /x  diameter.      Sporules   oblong- 
elliptical,  hyaline,  2-nucleate,  10  to  15  x  5  to  6  pi. 
P.  Sassafras  Cooke. 

On  leaves  Sassafras  Sassafras,  June  28,  1894.  Sporules 
5  to  7  X  2  to  3  /.I  (N  lit  tall,  1566). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  53 

P.  Sambuci  Desm. 

On  leaves  Sauihiicus  Canadensis,  July  20,   1894  {Niittall, 
1614). 
P.  Labruscae  Thum. 

On  living  leaves  Vitis  cult.     (Concord),  Wood  Co.,  near 
Lockhart's  Run,  1891   {Millspangh).    On  leaves  of  V.  ocsti- 
valis  and  riipestris,  June  29,  1894  {Nuttall,  1569). 
P.  cornicola    (D.  C.)  Rabh. 

On  Cornus  Horida,  Nov.  5,  1894  {Nuttall,  1748,  638). 
P.  CooKEi  Sacc. 

On  leaves  Magnolia  acuminata,  Aug.  9,   1894.     Sporules 
15  to  20  X  6  to  7.5  IX  (Nuttall,  1655,  577). 
P.  Tiliae  Sacc.     , 

On  leaves   Tilia  Americana,  Aug.    10,   1894.     Sporules  7 
to  8  X  2.5  to  3  /^  (Nuttall,  1672,  579). 
P.  Chionanthi  Thum. 

On  Chionanthus  Virginica,  Aug.  10,  1895.  Spots  darker 
than  in  type  (from  Portugal).  Spores  round  or  oval,  5 
M  or  7.5  X  5  /*  (Nuttall,  1833,  724). 

P.    LiRIODENDRICA    SaCC. 

On  leaves  Liriodendron  Tidipifera,  June  16  and  Oct.  29, 
1894.     Sporules  7.5  to  10  x  2  to  3  /x   (Nuttall,   1571).     P. 
Liriodendri.  Cke. 
P.  Ulmi  West? 

On  leaves  Ulmus  pubeseens,  July  9,  1894.     Sporules  +  16 
X  7.5  fji  (Nuttall,  1 63 1,  563). 
P.  pi-ioiMiFORMis  Sacc. 

On   leaves    Onercus  Prinus   and    0.    alba,   July   4,    1894. 
Sporules  15  to  30  x  6  to  8  ju,  (Nuttall,  1585). 
P.  Castaneae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  357. 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Castanea  puniUa  (not  on  Cas- 
tanea  vesca  as  originally  published).  July  26,  1894  (Nuttall, 
discov.  1639,  570). 

Spots  orbicular,  rust-color,  with  narrow  dark-shaded  mar- 
gin.     Perithecia   epiphyllous,   scattered   on   the   spots,   dark, 
semierumpent,    100  /x  diameter,   often  collapsing.     Sporules 
oblong,  hyaline,  5  to  7  x  2  to  2.5  jx. 
P.  Lappae  Sacc. 

On  Arctium  Lappa,  July  20.  1894  (Nuttall,  1613). 
P.  DioscoREAE  Cooke. 

On  lesLves  Dioscorea  z'illosa,  June  29,  1894  (Nuttall,  1570). 
P.  Opaca  E.  &  E.  Eield  Mus.  Bot.,  1:106  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  of  Ilex  opaca.  Oct.  5,  1895 
(Nuttall,  discov.,  1881). 

Spots  mostly  marginal  or  terminal,  of  irregular  shape. 
I  and  2  cm.  across,  dirty-white,  with  a  raised  subferruginous 
narrow  border.     Perithecia  evenly  scattered,   subepidermal, 


54  THE    WKST    \IRC.INI A    FLORA 

sublenticular,  black,  raising  the  epidermis  into  pustules,  200 
fi,  diameter.     Sporules  elliptical,  hyaline,  3  x  1.5  jU.. 

Differs  from  P.  Ilicis  E.  &  E.  only  in  its  minute  sporules. 


PHOMA   Fries. 


sp. 


On    Opiilastcr   opidifoHus,    May   7,    1894    (Nuttall,    15 10, 
494).     Spores  7  to  10  x  2.5  to  3  /x. 
P.  NEGUNDiNicoLA  RAMicoLA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894, 

357- 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  twigs  Acer  Neguiido,  April, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1483,  465,  466?). 

Perithecia  evenly  but  not  thickly  scattered,  globose,  small, 
.2  to  .33  mm.  diameter,  covered  by  the  slightly  ruptured 
epidermis,  but  distinctly  prominent.  Sporules  oblong,  el- 
liptical, or  ovate  hyaline,  with  a  single  large  nucleus,  10  to 

13   X  4  to    5.5   IX. 

Differs  from  the  typical  form,  on  the  dead  peduncles,  in  its 
broader  sporules,  the  former  being  but  2.5  to  3  /x. 
P.  Pennsylvanica  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  357. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Acer  Pennsylvanicum, 
Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall.  discov.   1361,  318). 

Perithecia  numerous,  evenly  scattered,  subepidermal,  .33 
to  .5  mm.  diameter,  whitish  inside,  raising  the  epidermis 
into  minute  pustules,  but  scarcely  rupturing  it.  Sporules 
subglobose,  6  to  7.5  fx  diameter,  nearly  hyaline. 

P.  Asclepiadea  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:107  (1896). 

Type  i-iabitat  :  On  dead  stems  of  Aselepias  Syriaca,  Oct. 
10,   1894   (Nuttall,  discov.   1717,  604). 

Perithecia  thickly,  but  evenly  scattered,  subelliptical,  no 
to  120  fx  in  the  longer  diameter,  subcuticular,  covered  by 
the  blackened  epidermis,  which  is  raised  into  minute  pustules 
but  scarcely  ruptured.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  2-nucleate, 
hyaline,  5  to  6  x  2  to  2.5  /x.  On  curved  (almost  hooked) 
basidia  12  to  15  /x  long. 

Differs  from  the  next  form,  which  occurs  with  it  on  the 
same   stems,   in   its   larger   perithecia   and    sporules    and   its 
curved  basidia. 
sp. 


On  dead  stems  Aselepias  Syriaea.  Oct.  10,  1894  (Nuttall). 

P.    MELALEUCA    B.    &    C. 

On  petioles  Aralia  spiiiosa,  April  25,  1895  (Nuttall,  1810) 

P.    LEUCOSTOMA    LcV. 

On  Opulaster  opulifolius,  May  13,  1894.     Sporules  2.5  to 
4  X  I  (It  (Nuttall,  1506,  487). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SUR\EY  55 

P.    MIXTA   B.   &   C. 

On  fire-killed  Liriodcndvon  Tnlipifcra,  Oct.  i6,  1894.  Spo- 
rules  appendiculate  at  each  end,  2-niicleate,  7  to  10  x  2  to  3 
IX,  oblong  fusoid ;  the  accompanying-  filiform  process  hooked 
at  the  apex  20  x  .75  to  1.5  /*  {Nuttall,  1709). 
P.  scAijRA  Sacc. 

On  Plataniis  occidciitalis,  ]\Iarch  30,  1894   (Nuttall,   1459, 

434)- 
P.  OBSCURANS  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  357. 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  of  Fragaria  cult.,  July  8.  1894 
(Nuttall,  discov.  1600,  554). 

Spots  5  to  8  mm.  diameter,  with  a  ferruginous  center 
and  broad  purple  border,  paler  below.  Perithecia  few,  scat- 
tered, convex  prominent.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  hyaline 
2-nucleate,  4.5  to  5.5  x  1.5  to  2  /a.  Basidia  simple,  lanceolate- 
fusoid,  8  to  12  X  1.5  M- 

Phyllosticta   fragaricola   Desm.   has   similar   sporules,   but 
the  spots  are  much  smaller,  with  a  white  center.    The  basidia 
also  indicate  Phoma  and  not  Phyllosticta. 
P.  iLicicoLA  (C.  &  E.)  Sacc. 

On  leaves  of  Ilex  opaca,  June  18,  1893  (Nuttall,  1017). 
P.  Spiraeae  Desm  ? 

On  Opulaster  opidifolius,  May  13.  1894.     Sporules  10  to 
13  X  2  /i,  (Nuttall,  1508,  489). 
P.  herb  ARUM  West. 

On  Ouagra  biennis,  ]\Iarch   18,   1894   (Nuttall,   1435,  406). 
P.  Phytolaccae  B.  &  C. 

On   stems  Phytolacca   dccandra,   July  31,    1893    (Nuttall, 
1 140). 
P.  pedunculi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,   1894,  357. 

Type  habitat  :  On  old  peduncles  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Jan., 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1339,  297). 

Perithecia  scattered,  flattish  pustuliform,  .5  to  .75  mm. 
diameter,  with  a  prominent  papilliform  ostiolum.  Sporules 
fusoid-oblong,  hyaline,  2  to  3  nucleate,  7  to  11  x  2  to  2.5  ,u 
ends  acute. 

Differs  from  Stagonospora  pedunculi  in  its  larger,  flatter 
perithecia  and  fusoid-oblong  fnot  cylindrical),  rather  shorter 
sporules. 
P.   UVICOLA  B.  &  C. 

On  Vitis  cult.  (Concord),  July  4,  1893  (Nuttall,  1108.  94). 
P.  Nyssaecarpa  Cooke. 

On  dead  limbs  Nyssa  aquatica,  April   15.   1895    (Nuttall, 
1809,  696).    Sporules  10  x  3  ju. 
P.  samararum  Desm. 

On  samaras  Acer  P ennsylvanicum ,  Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall, 
1363,   321). 


56  THE    WEST    VIRC.INE-V    FLORA 

P.  Smilacina  (Peck)   Sacc. 

On  Smilax  rotuiidifolia,  Aug.  17,  1894.  Sporules  about 
18  X  6  to  7.5  /x  {Nnttall,  1660). 

APOSPHAERIA  Berk. 

A.  PEZizoiDES  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  358. 

Type  habitat:  On  decorticated  trunks  of  Plataniis  oc- 
cidentalism Salix  nigra  falcata,  Betula  nigra,  Fraxinus  sp., 
and  Liquidainbar  Styraciflua,  on  abrasions  made  by  drift- 
wood and  ice.  where  it  seems  to  grow  exclusively  and  al- 
ways below  high-water  mark,  April,  1894  {Ntittall,  discov. 
1458,  432). 

Perithecia  erumpent-superficial,  seriate-aggregate,  hemis- 
pherical, about  .75  mm.  diameter,  with  a  distinct  papilli- 
form  ostiolum,  at  length  collapsing  and  pezizoid  or  discoid. 
Sporules  elliptical  or  ovoid,  4  to  6  x  2.5  /x  ends  obtuse. 

DENDROPHOMA  Sacc. 

D.  Therryana  Sacc.  &  Roum. 

On  Platanus  occidcntalis,  April  19,  1894  {Nnttall,  1463). 

SPHAERONAEMA  Fries. 

S.  Physocarpi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  358. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  stems  Opulastcr  opnlifolins, 
May,  1894  (Nnttall,  discov.  1504,  484). 

Perithecia  gregarious,  erumpent-superficial,  hemispherical, 
ISO  fi  diameter,  with  a  straight,  stout  beak  90  to  115  /x  long. 
Sporules  narrow-elliptical,  hyaline,  2  to   3-nucleate,   7  to  9 
X  2.5  fJ.. 
S.  iNFUSCANS  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :  109  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  dry  wood  Jnglans  cincrca., 
Dec.  5,  1894  (Nnttall,  discov.  1766,  661). 

Perithecia  gregarious,  erumpent-superficial,  hemispherical, 
brownish-black,  about  .25  mm.  diameter,  with  a  short  cyl- 
indrical (.33  mm.),  shining-black,  obtuse,  perforated  ostio- 
lum. Sporules  abundant,  elliptical,  continuous,  hyaline  3  to 
4  X  1.5  /x  on  basidia  simple  or  branched  below,  about  12  /* 
long  and  .5  /x  thick  at  the  base,  narrowed  above. 

The  surface  of  the  wood  is  blackened. 

S.  Acerinum  Peck. 

On  Acer  rnbrnni,  June  12,  1894  (Nnttall,  1543). 

S.   CORNEUM   C.  &  E. 

On  Onagra  biennis,  Jan.  21,  1895  (Nnttall,  1791,  682  in 
part). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  57 

S.  Magnoliae  Peck. 

On  Magnolia  acnniinata,  Short  Creek,  alt.  i,ooo  ft.,  Aug. 
i6,  1894  {XiittaU,  1658).     Sporules  lo  x  6  /a  nucleus  large. 

SIROCOCCUS  Preuss. 
S.  Halesiae  E.  &  E.,  Proc,  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  358. 

On  dead  limbs  Mohrodendron  Caroliiiuni  {Halesia  tet- 
raptcra)  Feb.  26,  1894  (XiittaU,  discov.  1407,  377,  376?) 

Perithecia  scattered,  or  2  to  3-cornate,  erumpent,  sub- 
globose  about  .33  mm.  diameter,  black,  with  a  minute  papil- 
liform  ostiolum.  Sporules  subglobose,  about  3  p.  diameter, 
greenish-hyaline,  3  to  6-concatenate,  the  terminal  sporule 
oblong  and  paler.  Chains  simple  or  sparingly  branched, 
arising  directly  from  the  proliferous  layer  without  any  dis- 
tinct basidia.  collected  in  stellate  clusters. 

VERMICULARL\  Fries. 
V.  PHLOGiNA  Fairm. 

On  dead  leaves  Phlox  ainociia,  Sept.  15,  1894  (Xuffall, 
1606). 

V.    COM  PACTA    C.    &   E. 

On  Rnbiis  odorafiis,  May  30,  1894;  sporules  20  to  25  x 
30 /A  {Xuffall.  1513).     On  Canlophyllum  thalictroides  (552). 

V.    PETIOLORUM    Schw. 

On  Aralia  spinosa,  and  on  Robinia  Psendacaciaf .  Feb.  17, 
1894  (Xutfall,  1388,  356). 
V.  Toxica  E.  &  E.,  sp.  nov? 

On  Rhus  radicans,  Aug.  18,  1894  {Xuffall,  1669,  569). 
V.  Dematium   (Pers.)   Fr. 

On  Cassia  Marilandica,  Oct.  28,  1893  (Xutall,  1251,  193). 
On  Heuchera  Americana. 

V.  Dematium var. 

On  Oiiagra  biennis.  ]\Iarch  9,  1894  (Xutfall,  1434,  405). 
V.  Arctii  Schw. 

On  dead  leaves  and  petioles  Arcfium  Lappa,  on  ground. 
July  21,  1894,  Sporules  fusiform  slightly  curved  +  or  — 
20  X  3  ;«,.     Setae  35  to  -f  125  x  3  to  5  /^  {Xuffall,  1617). 

V.  SUBEFFIGURATA  Schw. 

On  fruit  peduncles  Magnolia  Fraseri  in  association  with 
Stagonospora  pedunculi  E.  &  E.,  July  25,  1893  {XuftaU, 
1136). 

V.    SUBEFFIGURATA    SCAPINCOLA    Schw. 

Bases   of   dead   leaves    Yucca   filamentosa   cult.,   Feb.    19 
1894.    Sporules  18  x  2.5  ^,  largest  setse  200  fi  {Xutfall,  1367). 
V.  Trautvetteriae  Nuttall,  sp.  nov. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  leaves  Trautvetfcria  Caroliiunisis, 
July  15.  1894  {Xutfall,  discov.  1633). 


58  THE    WEST    \1KC,1XIA    FLORA 

Perithccia  very  small,  scattered.  Sponiles  curved,  sharp 
pointed,  18  to  25  x  2.5  to  3  fi.    Setae  +  100  x  10  /x. 

V.  LILIACEARUM  Wcst. 

On  Asparagus  officinalis,  Vagnera  racemosa,  Clintonia  uni- 
heUidata  and  Iris  cristata?  Nov.  i,  1893  (Niittall,  1241,  188). 

DOTHIORELLA    Sacc. 

D.  AsiMiNAE  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:110  (1896). 

On  Asimina  triloba,  Feb.  2,  1894  {Nuttall,  1392,  362}. 

Sporules  5  to  7  x  2  to  3  ;ii  oval  or  oblong,  some  of  them 

slightly  curved.      Perithecia   suberumpent,   seriate,   .25   mm. 

diameter,  white  inside  and  out,  ovoid,  in  series  of  3  to  5, 

raising  the  epidermis  into  short  ridges  split  along  the  top 

so  as  to   expose   the  pallid   white  apices  of   the  perithecia. 

Sporules  oval  or  elliptical,  hyaline,  5  to  7  x  2  to  3  ju.. 
D.  MINOR  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :iio  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :    On   dead  limbs  Liriodcndron  Tulipifera 

April  II,  1895  {Niittall,  discov.  1804,  691). 

Perithecia   seriate-subconfluent,    .5   to    .75   mm.   diameter, 

irregularly  ruptured  above,  white  inside,  erumpent,  splitting 

the  epidermis  into  short   (2  to  4  mm.)   longitudinal  cracks. 

Sporules  elliptical,  hyaline  continuous,  5  to  7.5  x  3  to  3.5  ju. 

Dififers    from    D.    Liriodendri,    Cke.    in    its    much    smaller 

sporules. 
D.  GLANDULOSA  (Cooke)  Sacc ? 

On  Ro'binia  Psciidacacia,  March   14,  1894  (Ntittall,  1423, 

395)- 

FUSICOCCUM  Corda. 

F.  Ilicinum  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  359. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dying,  transplanted.  Ilex  opaca 
(transplanted  Dec.  28,  1893),  May  24,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov. 
1521,  496). 

Stromata  cortical,  convex,  about  i  or  1.5  mm.  diameter, 
multilocular,  whitish  inside,  the  tuberculiform  apex  pierced 
with  a  single  pore,  rupturing  the  epidermis  and  slightly 
raising  it.     Sporules  fusoid,  hyaline,  nucleate  15  to  22  x  2.5 

to   3   fX. 

F.  nervicolum  E.  &  E,  Bull  Torr.  Club,  25:509  (1898). 

Stromata  mostly  on  the  midrib  and  nerves  of  the  leaf, 
elliptical,  400-600  /x.  long,  subcutaneous,  black,  convex,  the 
subconoid  apex  erumpent :  sporules  narrow-elliptical,  hy- 
aline, subacute,  2-nucleate,  7-10  x  2.5-3  f^- 

On  old  fallen  leaves  of  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Nuttallburg. 
May,  1898  {Nuttall,  g^o). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  59 

CYTOSPORELLA  Sacc. 

C.  CARNEA  E.  &  E.,  Bull.,  Torr.  Club,  24:287  (1897). 

Stroma  at  first  tuberculo-hemispherical  and  covered  by 
the  epidermis,  soon  erumpent  through  the  transversely  or 
laciniately  ruptured  epidermis,  brown  outside,  white  and 
of  firm  consistence  within  (except  the  central  portion),  mul- 
tilocular  cells  light-colored ;  sporules  elliptical,  hyaline,  con- 
tinuous, 5-7  X  2.5-3  M- 

The  stroma  is  about  1.5  mm.  wide  and  i  mm.  high  and 
finally  shrinks  away  from  the  ruptured  epidermis  and  then 
is  more  or  less  distinctly  flesh-colored. 

On  dead  limbs  of  Castanea.  Favette :  near  Nuttallburg, 
^larch,  1896  (Nuttall). 

CYTOSPORA  Ehrenb. 

C.  Celtidis  E.  &  E..  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  360. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Ccltis  occidenfalis,  Feb.  2, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1358,  314). 

Stroma  valsoid,  flat,  thin,  1.5  to  2  mm.  diameter,  only 
penetrating  the  surface  of  the  bark,  multilocular,  gray  in- 
side, raising  the  bark  into  small  pustules  and  finally  ruptur- 
ing it,  cells  representing  perithecia.     Sporules   allantoid,  6 

to    7    X     I     to     1.5     ;U,. 

C.  Halesiae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  361. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  of  Mohrodendron  Caro- 
limim  (Halesia  tctraptcra) .  June  7,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov. 
1540). 

Stromata  convex-conical,  sunk  in  the  bark,  orbicular,  about 
I  mm.  diameter,  white  inside,  unilocular,  the  inner  surface 
of  the  cavity  lined  with  simple  straight  basidia  about  15  r. 
long,  bearing  the  oblong-fusoid,  hyaline,  2-nucleate,  straight, 
5  to  7  X  I  to  1.5  /i  sporules,  which  are  expelled  through  a 
single  orifice  perforating  the  raised  epidermis. 

This  probably  is  the  spermogonial  stage  of  Diaporthe 
Halesiae  or  D.  fctraptcrac,  both  of  which  are  found  in  com- 
pany with  it. 

C.  leucostoma  (Pers.)  Sacc. 

On  cultivated  Prnnus  doincstica  and  Amygdaliis  Pcrsica, 
Dec.  12,  1894  (Nuttall,  1769). 

C.  EXASPERANS  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,   1894,  360. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Acer  Pennsylvamcum, 
Feb.  2,  1894,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft.  (Nuttall,  discov. 
1366). 

Stroma  buried  in  the  bark,  orbicular,  about  i  mm.  diame- 
ter, 4  to  6-celled    (at  length  one-celled),  prolonged  above 


60  TilE    WEST    VIRG[NIx\    FLORA 

into  a  stout,  conical  beak  opening  by  a  single  round  pore  at 
the  apex.     Sporules  oblong  or  allantoic!,  hyaline,   5  to  7  x 

1.25    IX. 

C.  sp. 

On  Chioiiaiithus  Virginica,  March  28,  1894  {Nnttall, 
1455,  427). 

C.  TUAiuLosA  E.  &  E.  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  24:288  (1897). 

Stroma  cylindric-conical,  erumpent,  brown,  lighter  inside, 
about  I  mm.  broad,  the  upper  erumpent  part  .75  mm.  high, 
sporigerous  cells  perithecioid,  whitish,  globose,  sunk  in  the 
lower  part  of  the  stroma ;  sporules  allantoid,  hyaline,  curved, 
6-8  X  1.5  fx. 

On  dead  buds  of  Magnolia  Fraseri.     Fayette :  near  Xut- 
tallburg,  March,  i8g6  {Xuttall,  808). 
C.  Persicae  Schw. 

On  Auiygdaliis  Pcrsica  cult.     "Early   Rivers,"    Ji^i^e   30, 

1893  (Niiitall,  1 106). 
C.  sp. 

On    Ccrcis    Canadensis,    April    10,    1894    {Nuttall,    i^yi, 
447).     Spores  5  to  6  X  .75  (x. 
C.  Rhoina  Fr. 

On  Rhus  liirta,  June  20,  1894.     Sporules  5  to  8  jw.     {Nut- 
tall,   1 551,  636). 
C.  caryigena  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  359. 

Type  habitat:    On  dead  limbs  Hicoria  ovata,  May  31, 

1894  {Nnttall,  discov.  1524,  513). 

Stroma  cortical,  convex.  1.5  to  2  mm.  diameter,  slaty- 
black,  4  to  6-celled,  cells  yellowish-white,  subglobose,  small. 
Sporules  allantoid,  hyaline  3.5  to  4.5  x  .75  to  i  jx. 

(Spermogonia  of  Valsa  caryigena,  B.  &  C.)  ? 
C.  Riiois-hirtae  Nuttall,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,   1:112   (1896). 

On  Rhus  hirta,  June  10,  1894  {Nuttall,  1533,  635). 

The  form  is  clearly  distinct  from  C.  Rhoina  Fr.   Cutus 
reddish   yellow.      Perithecia   very   prominent.      Spores   8   to 
10  X  2  to  2.5  fx. 
C.  Sassafras  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:112   (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  fire-killed  twigs  of  Sassafras  Sassa- 
fras, Dec.  20,  1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  1766,  666).  Jamaica, 
Long  Island  (F.  C.  Stewart). 

Stromata  thickly  scattered,  conical,  rising  from  an  or- 
bicular base  about  i  mm.  diameter,  the  black,  shining  apices 
erumpent  and  roughening  the  bark,  at  first  multilocular, 
becoming  unilocular.  Sporules  allantoid,  hyaline,  only 
slightly  curved,  4  to  5  x  1  /x  borne  on  simple,  straight  basidia 
about  12  IX  long. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  6l 

C.  Betulina  Ehr? 

On  Betula  nigra,  Feb.  20,  1894.     Cirrus  yellowish,  spor- 
ules,  4  to  6  X  I  /i,  {Nuttall,  1396,  367). 
C.  Salicis  (Corda)   Rabenh? 

On  Salix  nigra,  March  22,  1894  {Nuttall,  I42g). 
C.  Platan  I  Fckl. 

On  Plataniis  occidcntalis,  March  14,  1894  {Niittall,  1424, 

396). 
C.  LEUCOSPERMA  (Pcrs)  Fr. 

On  Carpinus  Caroliniana,  Nov.  17,  1893.  Sporules  5  x 
I  n  {Nuttall,  12^7). 

C.  CERATOPHORA  SaCC. 

On  Fraximis  Pennsylvanica,  Oct.  17,  1893  {Nuttall,  1234, 

163). 
C.  CuRREYi  Sacc? 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  Dec.  13,  1844;  on  Tsuga  Canadensis, 
April  15,  1895  {Nuttall,  1771,  697). 
C.  cocciNEA   (Reb.)   Fr. 

On  Robiuia  Pscndacacia,  Feb.  2,  1894.  Sporules  3  x  .75 
fi  {Nuttall,  1355). 

C.  sp. 

Spermogonia  of  Valsa  goniotoma  Sz.  ?  On  fire-killed 
Liqnidamhar  StyraciHiia,  Oct.  21,  1895  {Nuttall,  1884). 

C.   ORTHOSPORA   B.    &   C.  ? 

On  Robiuia  Pseudacacia,  April  20,  1894.  Sporules  irregu- 
lar in  shape  12  to  18  x  2.5  to  3  /x  {Nuttall,  1478,  458). 

C.   CARPKOSPERMA   Fr. 

On  Asimiiia  triloba,  Nov.  5,  1893  {Nuttall,  1292,  237). 

SPHAEROPSIS  Lev. 
S.  LiNDERAE  Peck. 

On  dead  twigs  Benzoin  Benzoin,  April  8,  1895    {Ntdtall, 

1795)- 
S.  AsiMiNAE  E.  &  E.,  Proc,  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  361. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Asimina  triloba,  Feb.  24, 
1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  1397,  370). 

Perithecia  scattered  or  subseriate,  buried  in  the  bark  which 
is  raised  into  little  pustules  over  them  and  soon  ruptured. 
Perithecia  small  (.25  mm.)  thick-walled,  with  an  obscurely 
papilliform  ostiolum.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  brown,  ob- 
tuse, 18  to  22  X  8  to  10  n.. 
S.  AsiMiNAE  FRUCTiGENA  E.  &  E.  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  I  :ii3  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  old  dried-up  fruits  of  Asimina  triloba, 
Oct.  3,  "1895  {Nuttall,  discov.  1871,  755). 

A  fructigenous  form  of  5".  Asiuiinae  E.  &  E.  Perithecia 
smaller  than  in  the  species  (iio  to  140  /x)  and  more  abun- 
dant.    Sporules  a  little  larger  (20  to  24  x  9  to  12  jx). 


62  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

S.  Ampelopsidis  C.  &  E. 

On  Parthenocissus  qiiinqne folia,  March  30,  1894.     Spor- 
ules  18  to  20  X  10  to  12  fx  (Nuttall,  1460,  437). 
S.  Cerasina  Peck. 

On  Primus  serotina,  alt.  1,200  ft.,  Nov.  22,  1894  (Nuttall, 
1746). 
S.  Physocarpi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  361. 

Type  habitat  :    On  dead  Opulaster  opulif alius.  May  2, 

1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1502,  482,  486). 

Perithecia  scattered,  .33  mm.  diameter,  buried  in  the  inner 
bark,  with  their  apices  and  pipiUiform  ostiola  erumpent,  white 
inside  (at  first),  sometimes,  as  in  the  preceding  species  2  to 
3  confluent.  Sporules  varying  from  short-elHptical  J  2  to 
15  X  10  /i  to  oblong  or  obovate-elliptical  15  to  20  x  10  fi. 

Differs  from  S.  Nielliae  E.  &  E.  in  its  buried  perithecia 
and  much  larger  sporules. 
S.  Celastrina  Peck. 

On  branches  Celastnis  scaiidens,  April  27,  1895  (Nuttall, 
1812). 
S.  Malorum  Berk. 

Berkeley:    On  Mains  Mains  at  Gerrardstown  (Waite). 
S.  Oenotherae  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:114  (1896). 

Type  habitat:    On  dead  stems  Onagra  biennis,  Jan.  21, 

1895  (Nuttall,  discov.  1792,  683). 

Perithecia  scattered,  erumpent,  superficial,  globose,  200  to 
225  /-I  diameter,  with  a  papilliform  ostiolum,  occasionally 
subcollapsing  above.  Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  pale  brown, 
20  to  25  X  10  to  12  /x  on  stout  basidia  shorter  than  the 
sporules.  There  are  indications  that  the  sporules  become 
finally  uniseptate. 
S.  SuMACPii   (Schw.)  C.  &  E. 

On  branches  Rhus  hirta,  March  29,   1894.     Sporules  20 
to  26  X  8  to  12.5  fi  (Nuttall,  1439). 
S.  Sassafras  C.  &  E. 

On  Sassafras  Sassafras,  April   10,   1895.     Sporules  23  x 
ID  IX  (Nuttall,  1801,  688). 
S.  phomatella  Peck. 

On  Fraxinus  Americana,  March  31.  1894  (Nut tall,  1441). 
S.  Caryae  C.  &  E. 

On  hickory  barrel-hoop,  April  9,    1894.     Sporules   18  to 
25  X  8  to  II  ju,  (Nuttall,  1448). 
S.  Ipomoeae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  362. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  peduncles  of  Ipomoea  pandurata, 
Dec.  9,  1893  (Nuttall,  discov.  1305,  249). 

Perithecia  scattered,  ovate-globose,  250  to  300  p  diameter, 
the  upper  part  prominent  and  closely  covered  by  the  shining 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  63 

black  epidermis.     Sporules  elliptical,  brown,  i8  to  23  x  10 
to  13  /x  on  pedicels  of  about  the  same  length  as  the  sporules. 
S.  Menispermi  Peck. 

On  Menispermiim  Canadensis,  Jan.  17,  1894  {Nnttall, 
1343.  302). 

CONIOTHYRIUM   Corda. 
C.  FucKELii  Sacc. 

On  Parthenocissus  quinqucfolia,  sporules  globular,   2  to 
2.5  11  March  31,  1894  {Nuitall,  1442). 
C.  coNCENTRicuM  (Dcsm.)  Sacc.  ? 

On  leaves  Yucca  Ulamentosa,  Sept.  i,  1894  (Nuttall, 
1 187). 

C.  PiRiNA  (Sacc.)  J.  L.  Sheldon.  (Phyllosticta  Sacc.) 

On  leaves  Mains,  Greenbrier :  at  Blue  Sulphur  Springs 
{Nuttall,  1624.)  On  same,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown 
(Sheldon). 

HAPLOSPORELLA    Sperg. 

H.  Celtidis  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  362. 

Type  hap.itat  :  On  dead  limbs  Celtis  occidcntalis,  Feb.  2, 
1894  (Nnttall,  discov.  1359,  315). 

Perithecia  mostly  in  valsoid  clusters  of  3  to  10,  small,  200 
IX  white  inside,  slightly  sunk  in  the  inner  bark,  their  papilli- 
form  ostiola  rupturing  the  epidermis.  Sporules  elliptical, 
brown,  continuous,  18  to  22  x  10  to  12  )U  on  basidia  of  about 
the  same  length  as  the  sporules. 
H.  Araliae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  362. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Aralia  spinosa,  Feb.  26, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1406,  375). 

Stromata  seriate-connate,  erumpent  through  longitudinal 
cracks  in  the  bark,  and  extending  from  4  to  5  mm.  to  2  or 
more  centimetres.  Perithecia  ovate-globose,  buried  in  the 
black,  subcarbonaceous  stroma,  3  to  6  in  each  single  stroma, 
about  .33  mm.  diameter.  Sporules  elliptical,  brown,  20  to 
25  X  10  to  12  ix. 

This  may  be  the  pycnidia  of  Botryosphaeria  fuliginosa 
(M.  &  N.). 

DIPLODIA  Fries. 

D.  LiRiODENDRi   Peck. 

On    fire    killed    Liriodendron    Tulipifera,    Oct.    16,    1894 
(Nuttall,  1710). 
D.  Salicina  Lev. 

On  dead  twigs  Salix  nigra,  ]\Iarch  25,  1894  (Nuttall, 
1457)- 


64  THE    WEST    \1RG1NIA    ELORA 

D.  Cercidis  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad,   1894,  363. 

Type  habitat  :    On  dead  limbs  Coxis  Canadensis,  April 
9,  1894  (NiittaU,  discov.  1475,  449). 

Perithecia    subseriate,   globose,    .33   to    .5    mm.    diameter, 
slightly  sunk  in  the  inner  bark  and  splitting  the  epidermis 
with    short    longitudinal    clefts.      Sporules    elliptical,    20    to 
23  X  10  to  15  /A  on  stout  basidia,  uniseptate. 
D.  INFUSCANS  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  363. 

Type  habitat:    On  bark  of  dead  limbs  Fraxinits  Ameri- 
cana, April  27,  1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  1492,  459). 

Perithecia  ovate-globose,   small,    no   to    150   /x   diametei, 

thickly  scattered,  blackening  both  the  outer  and  inner  sur- 

•  face    of    the    bark.      Ostiolum    not    conspicuous,    obscurely 

papilliform.     Sporules  oblong-elliptical,  12  to  15  x  8  to  10  ,u 

scarcely  constricted. 

In   i).   inqninans  West,   the   sporules    and   perithecia    are 
larger,  and  the  bark  is  not  blackened  within. 
D.  ATRATA  (Desm.)  Sacc. 

On  dead  limbs  Acer  Negnndo,  April  20,   1894   (Nuttall, 
1465)- 
D.  CARYiGENA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  363. 

Type  habitat:    On  dead  limbs _  Hicoria  oz'ata.  May  31, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1525).    Also  Canada  (Dcarness.) 

Perithecia  subseriate,  sunk  in  the  inner  bark,  covered  by 
the  epidermis,  which  is  raised  into  pustules  and  ruptured, 
about  .5  mm.  diameter,  black.  Sporules  elliptical,  brown, 
uniseptate,  scarcely  constricted,  15  to  20  x  8  to  10  /x  (Pycnidia 
of  Valsa  caryigena  B.  &  C). 
D.  Viticola  Desm. 

On  Vitis,  March  26,  1894.     No  septum  visible  in  sporules 
(Nuttall,  1443,  412). 
D.  iLicicoLA  Desm.  ? 

On  Ilex  opaca,  Dec.  20,  1894.     Sporules  22  to  25  x  11  to 
13  ju,  (Nuttall,  1777,  667). 
D.  RuBi  Fr. 

On  Riihiis  cult.,  P^eb.  19,  1895.     Sporules  20  x  8  to  12  w 
(Nuttall,-  1789). 
D.  INQUINANS  West. 

On  Fraxinns  Americana,  April  27,   1894   (Nuttall,   1491, 
459)- 

D.   JUGEANDIS  Fr. 

On  Juglans  cinerea,  April  9,  1894  (Nuttall,  1449). 
D.  IMaydis  (Berk.)   Sacc. 

On  Zea  Mays,  Aug.  10,  1895.     Spores  30  x  4  /x  (Nuttall, 
1840,  729). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURXEY  65 

D.  PARAPHYSATA  E.  &  E.  ?  Biill.  Torr.  Club,  24:288  (1897). 

Perithecia  subcuticular,  depressed-globose,  pilose-tomen- 
tose,  black  (white  inside),  300-400  fx  diam.  with  papilliform 
osteolum  raising  the  epidermis  into  pustules  and  finally  rup- 
turing it,  thickly  scattered,  often  2-3  sub-confluent;  sporules 
ovate-elliptical,  hyaline  at  first,  then  brown  and  uniseptate 
but  not  constricted,  22-27  x  12-15  l^>  accompanied  by  stout 
branching  paraphyses  loo-iio  /x  long  by  1.5-2  ju,  thick  and 
borne  on  stout  basidia  mostly  shorter  than  the  sporules. 

On  bark  of  Tilia,  in  company  with  IMalanconis  tiliacea. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  March,  1896.     (Nuftall,  832). 

BOTRYODIPLODIA  Sacc. 
B.  AcERiNA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  363. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Acer  Pcnnsylvanictun, 
Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1362,  319). 

Perithecia  erumpent  in  botryoidal  clusters,  often  seri- 
ately  confluent  for  i  or  more  cm.,  about  .5  mm.  diameter, 
white  inside,  flattish  above,  with  a  broad  papilliform  osti- 
olum.  Sporules  elliptical,  brown,  uniseptate,  20  to  25  x  12 
to  15  /x  on  basidia  of  about  the  same  length. 

B. sp. 

Stylosporus  stage  ?  of  Pseiidovalsa  sigmoid e a  (C.  &  E.) 
On  dead  limbs  Qucrcus  Primis,  with  that  species.  Spores 
brown,  i-septate  25  x  12.5  fi  (Nuttall,  1829). 

ASCOCHYTA  Lib. 
A.  Clematidina  Thum. 

On   Clematis   Virginiana,  Aug.    10,    1895    (Nuttall,    1842, 

733)- 

ACTINONEMA  Fries. 
A  RosAE  (Lib.)  Fr. 

On  Rosa  cult.,  June  27,  1894  (Nuttall,  1563). 

HENDERSONL-V  Berk. 
H.  Lirella  Cooke. 

On   Sali.v  nigra   falcata,   April   23,    1894    (Xuttall,    1480. 
460).     Sporules  15  x  7.5  fx. 
H.  Desmazieri  Mont. 

On  bark  of  limbs  Platainis  occideiitalis,  April  24,  189.1.. 
Sporules  -j-  40  x  22  /j.  (Nuttall,  1466). 

STAGONOSPORA  Sacc. 
S.  petiolorum  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  365. 

Type  habit.^t  :  On  dead  petioles  Aralia  spinosa,  Feb.  17, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov. -1389,  357). 


66  THE    WKST    \IR(;iNlA    JLORA 

Perithecia  scattered,  innate,  small,  slightly  prominent  and 

covered  by  the  shining,  blackened  epidermis,   150  to  250  m 

diameter,    mostly    sub-elliptical.      Sporules    oblong,    hyaline, 

nucleate,  becoming  one  or  more  septate,  12  to  20  x  2  to  5  fi. 

S.  PEDUNCULi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1893,  457. 

Type  habitat  :  On  old  fruit  peduncles  Magnolia  Fraseri 
(not  LiRiODENDRON  TuLiPiFERA,  loc.  cit. ) .  Short  Creek, 
July  25,  1893  {Nuttall,  discov.  1135,  119). 

Perithecia  gregarious,  pustuliform,  about  .33  mm.  diame- 
ter, covered   by  the  blackened   epidermis.      Sporules   cylin- 
drical, 18  to  22  X  2  to  2.5  fx,  multinucleate,  hyaline,  straight. 
S.  Physocarpi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  365. 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  stems  and  limbs  Optilastcr  opiili- 
foliiis,  May  12,  1894  {Nuttall  discov.  1505,  485). 

Perithecia  scattered,  depressed-hemispherical ;  200  to  250  u 
diameter,  sunk  in  the  bark,  with  the  upper  part  prominent 
but  covered  by  the  epidermis,  which  is  pierced  by  the  papilli- 
form  ostiolum,  white  inside.  Sporules  linear,  multiseptate, 
hyaline  25  to  35  x  3  to  4  /x. 
S.  collapsa  (C.  &  E.)  Sacc. 

On  Acer  saccharinum,  Jan.  26,  1894.     Sporules  15  to  23  x 
3  IX  {Nuttall,  1353,  309).' 
S. sp. 

On  Chionanthus  Virginica  (Nuttall,  1462,  440).  Spores 
-|-  25  X  7  /x  4-septate.  This  may  prove  to  be  only  a  stylos- 
porus  stage  of  some  Diothidaceous  species — Ellis. 

GLO^IERELLA  S.  &  Von  S. 
G.   RUFOMACULANS    (Berk.)    S.   &  von    S.    Berkeley:   on   Mains 
Malus  fruit  at  Gerrardstown  (Waite). 

CAMAROSPORUM  Schulz. 
C.  Linderae  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot,  i  :ii7  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Benzoin  Benzoin,  April  15, 
1895  (Nuttall,  discov.  180S,  694). 

Perithecia  scattered,  semierumpent  .75  mm.  diameter,  the 
upper  part,  except  the  papilliform,  erumpent  ostiolum,  cov- 
ered by  the  closely  adherent  epidermis,  which  is  raised  into 
distinct,  hemispherical  pustules.  Sporules  oblong,  3-septatc 
with  I  to  2  cells  divided  by  a  longitudinal  septum,  brown, 
obtuse,  not  constricted  12  to  18  (mostly  12  to  15)  x  5  to  7  jti. 
The  perithecia  are  of  a  firm  consistence  and  slaty-black  inside 

SEPTORIA  Fries. 
S.  Tecomae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  367. 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Tecoma  radicans,  Aug.  11, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1671,  580). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURX'EY  O/ 

• 

Spots  light  brown  (wood  color),  irregular  in  shape,  small, 
1.5  to  2  mm.,  inconspicuous  and  indistinctly  margined. 
Perithecia  immersed,  small  (65  to  70  /a)  barely  visible  with  a 
lens.  Sporules  40  to  50  x  2  to  2.5  fi,  not  strongly  curved, 
nucleate,  hvaline. 
S.  Brassicae  E.  &-E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:117  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Brassica  nigra,  Nov.  26,  1894 
{Nuttall,  discov.  1759,  646). 

Spots  suborbicular  or  subangular,  3  to  4  mm.  diameter, 
dull  white  with  a  narrow,  darker  and  sometimes  slightly 
raised  border.  Perithecia  epiphyllous,  numerous,  sublenticu- 
lar, pale  brown,  coarsely  cellular,  broadly  perforated  above, 
100  to  115  /x  diameter.  Sporules  numerous,  curved,  obtuse, 
continuous,  hyaline,  25  to  45  x  2  to  3  ix. 

Closely  allied  to  ^9.  Sisymbrii  Ell.,  but  that  has  the  spots 
greenish  at  first  and  never  becoming  more  than  whitish  and 
the  sporules  i  to  3-septate. 
S.  Rub  I  West. 

On  living  leaves  Rnbus  Canadensis,  Wood  Co.,  Lcckhart's 
Run,    1891    (Millspaugh).      On    same    host    July    26,    1894 
(Nuttall,  1627). 
S.  CoRNi-MARis  Sacc. 

On  Cornus  Horida.  alt.    1,700  ft.,  July  19,   1894  (Nuttall. 
1612). 
S.  coRNicoLA  Desmz. 

On    Cornus    alternifolia,    Sewell    Valley,    Aug.    6,    1894 
(Nuttall,  1647). 
S.  kalmiaecola  (Schw.)  B.  &  C. 

On  living  leaves  Kalmia  latifolia,  1891,  Monongalia  Co.,  at 
Camp  Eden  (Millspaugh). 
S.  ochroleuca  B.  &  C. 

On  leaves  Castanca  dentata,  June  30,  1894.  Maximum 
number  of  perithecia  in  a  single  macula  20  (Nuttall,  i579)- 

S.    MICROSPERMA   Peck. 

On  Bettda  lenta,  ah.  1,200  ft.,  Oct  .24,  1894.     Sporules  + 
18  X  .25  m  (Nuttall,  1722). 
S.  PoLYMNiAE  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  368. 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Polymnia  Uvedalia,  June  29. 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1595,  543). 

Spots,  scattered,  angular,  limited  by  the  veinlets,  2  to  4 
mm.  diameter,  dirty  green.     Perithecia  epiphyllous,  minute, 
75  IX  diameter,  scattered,  innate,  inconspicuous.     Sporules  fili- 
form, continuous,  35  to  50  x  i  to- 1.25  (x. 
S.  Trautvetteriae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad..  1894,  368. 

Type  habitat:  On  Trautvetteria  Carolinensis,  July  20. 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1632,  564). 

Spots  irregular,  subangular,  partly  limited  by  the  veinlets 


68  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

of  the  leaf,  often  elongated  and  acute  at  one  end,  brownish- 
black,  with  an  irregularly  shaped  white  center,  which  is  well 
defined,  angular,  3  to  5  mm.  in  the  longer  diameter.  Peri- 
thecia  epiphyllous,  but  also  visible  below,  small  (65  to  75  /x), 
scattered,  dark.  Sporules  abundant,  nearly  straight  or  slight- 
ly curved,  continuous,  22  to  30  x  2  /x. 

Differs    from    S.    Anciiiouis    Desm.    in    its    broad,    dark- 
margined  white-centered  spots,  and  rather  longer  and  thicker 
sporules. 
S.  iiYALiNA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  368. 

Type  habitat:  On  Viola  primiilac folia,  July  26,  1894 
(Nuttall,  discov.  1641,  572).  Also  on  V.  blanda,  Michigan 
(Hicks)  ;  and  on  F.  lanccolata,  Massachusetts  {Miss  Clarke). 

Spots  minute  (.5  to  i  mm.)  white,  with  a  dark  purple- 
shaded  border.  Perithecia  punctiform,  black,  epiphyllous, 
subglobose,  65  to  75  ix  diameter,  not  abundant.  Sporules 
filiform,  nearly  straight,  or  slightly  curved,  hyaline,  nucleate^ 
not  visibly  septate,  20  to  40  (mostly  25  to  35)  x  i  to  1.25  ix. 

S.    Vio'lae  West,  has  yellowish-brown  perithecia  on  pale 
zonate  spots  with  a  reddish-brown  border. 
S.  ACICULOSA  E.  &  E. 

On  Fragaria  cult.,  Nov.  3,  1894.    Sporules  15  to  25  x  .75  m 
(Nuttall,  ^72,^). 
S.  Helianthi  E.  &  K. 

On  Helianthus  dccapctalus,  Oct.  29,  1894.     Sporules  50  x 
2  (JL  (Nuttall,  1722,). 
S.  Leptostachyae  E.  &  K. 

On  leaves  Phryma  Lcptostachya,  July  4,  1894.     Sporules 
20  to  25  X  I  yu,  (Nuttall,  1584). 
S.  Nolitangere  Thum. 

On  Impatiens  biflora,  Aug.  5,  1894.     Sporules  20  to  25  x 
1.5  to  2  fx  (Nuttall,  1649). 
S.  Violae  West. 

On  J^iola  sagittata,  June  30,  1893.     Sporules  +  25  x  1.25 
fx  (Nuttall,  1577). 
S.  Saxifragae  Pass. 

On  Heiichera  Americana,  June  10,  1894.     Sporules  15  to 
20  X  2.5  to  3  /x  (Nuttall,  1544,  521). 
S.  Lobeliae  Peck. 

On  Lobelia  cardinalis.  June  22,  1894  (Nuttall,  1559). 

S.  SCROPFIULARIAE  Pcck. 

On  Scrophularia  Marilandica.  June  10,  1894.     Sporules  40 
to  50  IX  long  (Nuttall,  1538). 
S.  Verbenae  Rob.  &  Desm. 

On  leaves  Verb'ena  urticacfolia,  Jefferson  Co.,  near  Shen- 
andoah Junction  (Millspaugh). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  69 

S.   PSILOSTEGA   E.    &   M. 

On  Galium  circaczans,  ]n\\  14,  1894   {Nuttall,   1604). 
S.  Nabali  B.  &  C.  ? 

On  Prenanthes  serpentaria,  June  8,  1894  {Nuttall,  1536). 

S.   ATRO-PURPUREA  Peck. 

On  Aster  cordif alius,  Nov.  24,  1894.     Sporules  +   35  to 
55  X  I  to  1.5  fi  (Nuttall,  1757,  644). 
S.  PoLYGONORUM  Desm. 

On  Polygonum  Hydropiper,  June  8,  1894.     Sporules  25  to 
40  X  1.5  IX  (Nitttall,  1537). 
S.  Smilacinae  E.  &  M. 

On  Vagnera  racemosa  (Smilacina),  Aug.  14,  1894. 
Maculse  suffused  with  the  marginal  color  lato  in  season 
(Nuttall,  1252). 

RHABDOSPORA  Mont. 
R.  Kalmiarum  (Schw.)* 

Sphaeria  Kalmiauum  Schw.  On  Kalmia  latifolia,  Aug. 
26,  1894  (Nuttall,  1685,  590)- 

PHLYCTAENA  Mont  &  Desm. 

P.   VAGABUNDA   Dcsm. 

On  Vernonia  Novchoracensis,  Phytolacca  decandra  and 
Onagra  biennis,  March  18,  1894  (Nitttall,  1436,  408). 

P.  SEPTORIOIDES  SaCC. 

On  Phytolacca  decandra,  May  25,   1894  (Nuttall,   1498). 
P.  Ipomoeae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  369. 

Type  habitat  :  On  calyx  lobes  Ipomoea  pandurata,  Dec. 
9,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1305,  250). 

Perithecia   scattered,   subcuticular,   75   to   80   fx  diameter, 
covered  by  the  blackened,  slightly  raised  epidermis.     Spor- 
ules linear,  hyaline,  curved  above,  15  to  20  x  1.25  fx. 
P.  arcuata  Berk. 

On  Onagra  biennis,  March  18,  1894.  Sporules  30  to  35  x 
.75 /x  (Nuttall,  1433,403). 

GELATINOSPORUM  Peck. 
G.  Betulinum  Peck. 

On  Bctula  lenta,  April  12,  1895.  Sporules  subfiliform 
nearly  semicircular,  32  to  40  x  2.5  11  (Nuttall,  i7()y). 

SPHAEROGRAPHUM  Sacc. 
S.  hystricinum  (Ell.)  Sacc. 

On  A.zalea  viscosa,  May  4,  1894.  Sporules  narrowly 
arcuate-falcate  34  x  3  ju  (Nuttall,  1501,  481). 


''Transferred  to   Rhabdospora  by  E.  &  E. 


yO  THE    WEST    \1RC.1MA    FLORA 

S.  Fkaxini  (Peck)  Sacc. 

On  dead  limbs  Fraxiniis  Americana,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300 
ft.,  July  16,  1894.    Sporiiles  50  to  60  x  2.5  ix  (Nuttall,  1609). 

NECTRIOIDACEAE. 

ASCHERSONIA  Mont. 

A. sp. 

On  Cornus  florida.  Spores  3  to  5  x  .75  ju  {Nuttall,  1800, 
687).       ■ 

LEPTOSTROMACEAE. 

LEPTOTHYRIUM  Kunze  &  Schm. 
L.  Pyri  Sacc. 

Berkeley:  On  Mains  Mains  at  Gerrardstown  (IVaite). 

L.  sp. 

On  living-  leaves  Ilex  opaca,  Aug.,   1894   (Nuttall,   1679, 
584).    Maculse  white. 
L.  LiRiODENDRi  Cke. 

On  dead  fallen  leaves  Liriodendron  Tulipifera,  April  17, 
1895  (Nnttall,  1805). 
L.  DRYiNUM  Sacc. 

On  living  leaves   Quercus  rubra,  alt.    1,300  ft.,  June  29. 
1894  (Nnttall,  1592,  540). 
L.  Castaneae  (Spr.)  Sacc. 

On  fallen  leaves  Castanea  dentata,  April  17,  1895  (Nnttall 
1806). 

L.  PETioLORUM ■ — var. 

On  dead  leaves  Magnolia  Fraseri,  April  11,  1895.  Sporules 
5  X  I  /A  (Nnttall,  1802,  689). 

L?  FORAMINULATUM   SaCC.  &  Ell. 

On  fallen  leaves  Ilex  opaca,  Aug.  16,  1894.     Sporules  25  x 
3  (x  (Nuttall,  1657). 
L.  vuLGARE  (Fr.)  Sacc. 

On  Dioscorea  villosa,  on  Aralia  spina sa,  and  on  Onagra 
biennis.  Sporules  5  to  7  x  .75  /x  on  each  host,  Feb.  8,  1894 
(Nuttall,  1368,  323Y 

SACIDIUM  Nees. 
S.  ViTis  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:121   (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  Vitis  cordifolia,  Nov.  6,  1893  (Nuttall, 
I2S4,  198).     Fungi  Columbiani  290,  N.  A.  F.,  3067. 

Perithecia  scattered ;  scutellate  not  perforated,  180  to  220 
/x  diameter.  Sporules  oblong-cylindrical,  straight  or  curved, 
15  to  20  x  4  to  5  IX,  filled  with  small  nuclei. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  "Jl 

In  the  specimens  of  Sacidium  viticolmn,  B.  &  C.  in  Rav. 
F.  Am.  the  sporules  are  ovate  or  elHptical,  6  to  7  x  5  ju,  and 
the  perithecia  are  only  75  to  100  ii  diameter. 

DISCOSIA  Lib. 
D.  Artoceras  (Tode)  Fr. 

On  Castanea  dentata,  Oct.  20,  1893.     On  Epigaea  repens, 
Jan.    18,    1894.     On  Betula  lutea,  Fraxinus  Pennsylvanica, 
Magnolia  Frascri,  Cor  mis  Uorida,  Sassafras  Sassafras,  and 
Cephalanthus  occidcntalis   (NuttaU,  1228,  173). 
D.  MACULicoLA  Gcr. 

On  Hving-  leaves  Dispormn  lanuginosuin,  Grant  Co.,  near 
Bayard  (Millspaitgh).  On  Smilax  rotnndifolia  and  Oxyden- 
dron  arbor eum,  July  8,  1894  (Nut tall,  1598). 

D.  RUGULOSA  B.  &  C. 

Parasitic  on  'upper  surface  of  the  maculae  of  Phyllosticta 
caryigcna,  July  2,  1894  (NuttaU,  1583). 

ENTOMOSPORIUM  Lev. 

E.  MACULATUM    LcV. 

On  living  leaves  and  fruits  Pynis  comnimus  cult.,  Monon- 
galia Co.,  Morgantown  (Millspaugh) . 

LEPTOSTROMELLA  Sacc. 
L.  FiLiciNA  (B.  &  C.)  Sacc. 

On  Dryoptcris  spimdosa,  May  4,  1894  (NuttaU,  1487). 

EXCIPULACEAE. 

DINEMASPORIUA/T  Lev. 
D.  HispiDULUM  (Schrad.)  Sacc. 

On  Asimina  triloba,  March  9,  1894.  Sporules  14  to  18  x 
2  to  2.3  IX  (NuttaU,  1422,  394). 

.  MELANCONI  ACEAE. 

HAINESIA  Ell.  &  Sacc. 
H.  RuBi  (West). 

On  leaves  of  Rnbits  cult.     Oct.  28.  1895  (NuttaU,  1880). 

GLOEOSPORIUM  Desm.  &  Mont. 

G.  sp. 

On  leaves  of  Cercis  Canadensis  (NuttaU,  985).     Sporules 
18  X  7.5,  +  20  X  y.^,  23  X  7,  2S  X  6  fi. 
G.  Sanguinariae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  371. 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Sanguinaria  Canadensis,  July 
8,  1894  (NuttaU,  discov.  160T.  555). 


'J2  Tin;    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Spots  yellow,  oblong  or  irregular,  3  to  5  mm.  diameter, 
situated  near  the  apex  of  the  leaf  which  is  more  or  less  uni- 
formly blackened.  Acervuli  epiphyllous,  numerous,  innate, 
yellow  and  conspicuous.  Conidia  oblong,  hyaline,  continuous, 
mostly  a  little  curved,  8  to  15  x  3.5  to  5.5  /x.. 
G.  ARIDUM  E.  &  H. 

On  Fraxiiuis  Pcniis\lvanica,  June  10,  1894  (Ntittall,  154^, 

518)- 
G.  RuMicis  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:122  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Rumex  obtusifoHiis,  Oct.  27, 
1894  (Nut tall,  discov.  1729,  617). 

Spots  reddish-brown,  lighter  in  the  center,  more  or  less 
distinctly  zonate,  3  to  4  mm.  diameter,  margin  darker.  Acer- 
vuli innate,  small.  Sporules  erumpent  above,  oblong,  hyaline, 
continuous,  5  to  8  x  2  to  2.5  fi. 

The   spots   resemble  those  of   Ovnlaria   obliqiia   Ckc,  on 
Ramularia  decipiens  E.  &  E. 
G.  Alni  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  :i23  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  living  leaves  Alnus  riigosa,  Nov.  24, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1737,  624). 

Spots  dirty  brown,  suborbicular,  indistinctly  zonate,  .5  to 
I  cm.  diameter,  paler  in  the  center,  border  concolorous,  rather 
indefinite;  acervuli  epiphyllous,  numerous,  small,  100  to  120 
fjL  diaftieter,  chestnut  color,  becoming  darker ;  conidia  oblong- 
elliptical,  12  to  16  X  6  to  8  ju,. 

Differs  from  G.  cylindrospcrmiim  Bon.,  on  the  same  host, 
in  its  much  broader  conidia,  and  from  G.  riihicohim  E.  &  E. 
in  the  different  character  of  the  spots  and  rather  broader 
conidia. 
G.  nervisequum  (Fckl.)  Sacc. 

On  leaves  Platanus  occidciitalis,  June  10,  1894.     Sporules 
12.5  to  18  X  4  to  6  /x  (Nuttall,  1555,  526). 
G.  RoBERGEi  Desm. 

On  Carpiiius  Caroliniana;  July  16,  1894  (Nuttall,  1608). 
G.  betularum  Ell.  81  Mart. 

On  Betula  nigra,  sporules  10  x  7  ju,  July  16,  1894  (Nutt- 
all, 1607). 

G.   CYLINDROSPERMUM    BoU. 

On  leaves  of  Altius  rugosa.     Spores  8  to  10  x  2  to  2.5  ju 
(Nuttall  1875). 
G.  VENETUM  Speg. 

On  living  leaves  of  Rubus  strigosus,  Sept.  19,  1895  (Nutt- 
all,  1859). 
G.  RUBicoLUM  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:123  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  of  Rubus  strigosus  (Nuttall, 
discov.  747). 

Spots  at  first  numerous,  angular,  small  and  yellowish  or 


WEST    X'IRGIXIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  'J^i 

reddish-yellow,  soon  confluent  forming  large,  brown,  dry, 
dead  spots  of  irregular  shape  and  indefinite  outline,  occupy- 
ing a  large  part  of  the  leaf.  Acervuli  not  numerous,  scat- 
tered, epiphyllous,  prominent,  resembling  perithecia;  conidia 
oblong-elliptical,  12  to  16  x  6  to  7  ju,. 

Differs  from  G.  Rubi  E.  &  E.  in  its  larger,  fewer,  black 
acervuli  and  broader  conidia,  which  also  are  about  twice 
as  large  as  in  G.  Venetum  Speg. 

MYXOSPORIUM  Link. 
M.  LUTEM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1893,  458. 

Type  habitat  :     On  bark  Hicoria  ovata,  April  to  July. 

1893  {Nuttall,  discov.  1015,  79).  E.  &  E.  N.  A.  F.  2953. 
Fungi  Columbian!  150. 

Stroma  globose-conical,  light  yellow,  .75  to  i  mm.  diam- 
eter, slightly  sunk  in  the  inner  bark,  unilocular  and  opening 
by  a  single  pore.  The  surface  of  the  inner  bark  around 
this  pore  is  of  a  pale  slate  color,  the  colored  portion  definitely 
limited  by  a  black  line  so  as  to  form  an  irregular  circle 
about  2  mm.  across,  but  this  line  does  not  penetrate  the  bark. 
Sporules  navicular-oblong,  hyaline,  obtuse,  10  to  11  x  4  to 
5  IX  wdth  I  to  2  large  nuclei.  Basidia  slender-cylindrical  15 
to  20  X  1.5  |U.  Mass  of  exuded  sporules  flesh  color. 
M.  Rhois  (B.  &  C.)  Sacc. 

On  fire  killed  Rhus  Iiirta,  June  20,   1895    (Nuttall,   157=;, 

.537)- 
J\I.  PLATANicoLUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc    Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  372. 

Type  habitat:    On  limbs  Platanns  occidentalis,  April  2|, 

1894  ( Nuttall,  discov.  1485,  467). 

Acervuli  subcutaneous,  vesiculoid,  pale,   i   mm.  diameter, 
raising  the  ruptured  epidermis  into  pustules  but  not  erump- 
ent.    Sporules  oval  or  oblong-ovate,  hyaline,  nucleate  at  first, 
10  to  12  X  5  to  6  /x,  on  stout  basidia. 
M.  SERiATUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  372. 

Type  habitat  :  On  bark  of  Acer  sp.,  June,  1894  (Nuttall, 
discov.  1552,  523). 

Nuclei  pallid,  orbicular,  about  i  mm.  diameter,  seated 
on  the  surface  of  the  inner  bark ;  surrounded  by  a  thin 
layer  of  smoky  colored  radiating  hyphae,  from  the  inner 
extremities  of  which  the  botuliform  or  oblong,  6  to  8  x  2 
to  2.5  fi  hyaline  conidia  are  produced.  The  nuclei  are  seri- 
ately  arranged,  and  the  pale  flesh-colored,  flattish  cirrTii  ar.:; 
erumpent  through  narrow,  longitudinal  cracks  in  the  bark. 


74  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

COLLETOTRICHUM    Corda. 

C.    LiNDEMUTHIANUM     (S.    &    M.)     Scrib. 

On  pods  of  Phaseoliis  cult.  "Wax,  Butter  Bean."  Monun- 
galia   Co.,  near  Morgantown,    1891    (Millspangh). 

C.  ' — ' sp. 

On  Sassafras  Sassafras,  Oct.  15,  1894.     Sporuies  8  to  18 
X  4  to  7  ju.  (Nuttall,  1714,  602). 
C.  LiNEOLA  Corda. 

On  Zea  Mays,  Aug.  10,  1895  (Nuttall,  1834,  726). 
C.  LAGENARiuM    (Pass.)    Ell.  &  Halst. 

On  watermelon,  Monongalia,  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon) . 

CYLINDROSPORIUM  Ung. 
C.  Crataegi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  372. 

Type  habitat  :  On  leaves  Crataegus  sp.,  July  26,  1894 
(Nuttall,  discov.  1640,  571). 

Leaves  more  or  less  mottled  with  rusty  red,  at  length  uni- 
formly of  this  same  color.  Acervuli  innate,  erumpent  on 
both  sides,  and  whitening  the  surface  of  the  leaf  with  abun- 
dantly discharged  conidia,  which  are  75  to  100  x  3  to  3.5  /x, 
nearly  straight  or  more  or  less  undulate  and  curved,  nucleate, 
and  faintly  3  to  5  septate. 
'C.  ToxicoDENDRi  (Curtis)  E.  &  E.  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1893,  460. 
On  leaves  Rhus  radicans,  June  29,  1894.  Sporuies,  largest, 
50  x  3  /i  (Nuttall,  1568). 

LIBERTELLA  Desm. 
L.  faginea  Desm. 

On  bark  of  dead  Fagus  atropunicea,  Grant  Co.,  near 
Bayard  (Millspaugh).  On  dead  Prumis  sp.  cult.  Aug.  10, 
1895.  Cirrus  bright  red.  Sporuies  variously  curved  15  to 
25  X  I  ^  (Nuttall,  1843,  734)- 

L.  sp. 

On  felled  Robinia  Pscudacacia,  April  4,   1894.     Sporuies 
15  to  20  X  .75  to  I  ji  (Nuttall,  1470,  446). 
L.  acerina  Westend. 

On  Acer  rubrum  or  saccharinum,  April  4,  1894.  Sporuies 
hyaline.  15  to  18  x  i  /x  (Nuttall,  1445). 

MELANCONIUM  Link. 
M.  py^LLiDUM  Peck. 

On   dead   limbs   Hicoria   ovata.      Sporuies   -|-    20   x    5   /x. 
May  31,  1894  (Nuttall,  15 14). 
M.  OBLONGUM  Berk. 

On  dead  limbs  Juglans  cinerea.  Sporuies  20  x  10  to  2  fi, 
Dec.  5,  1893  (Nuttall,  1291,  236). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GFOLOGICAL    SURVEY  75 

M.  BicoLOR  Nees. 

On  Betiila  nigra,  May  2,  1894  {Nuttall,  1489). 

THYRSIDIUM  Mont. 

T.    HEDERICOLUM    CaRPINI    SaCC. 

On  dead  shoots  Carpinus  Caroliniana,  May  2,  1894  {Nutt- 
all, i486). 

MARSONIA  Fisch. 
M.  JuGLANDis  (Lib.)   Sacc. 

On  Jiiglans  cincrca,  June  22,  1894  {Nuttall,  1560). 
M.  Martini  Sacc.  &  Ell. 

On  Quercns  alba,  velutina,  et  Prinns,  Aug.  18,  1894  {Nutt- 
all, 1674,  583). 

CORYNEUM  Nees. 
C.  cupuLATUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  374. 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Short 
Creek,  Dec.  16,  1893  {Nuttall,  discov.  1317,  272). 

Erumpent  superficial.  Acervuli  tuberculiform,  black,  i  to 
1.5  mm.  diameter,  hollowed  out  so  as  to  be  cup-shaped  above. 
Conidia  clavate,  sessile,  6  to  9  septate,  brown,  60  to  80  x 
12  to  15  fi. 

C.  PUSTULATUM  Pcck. 

On  dead  limbs  Castanea  dentata,  Dec.  7,  1893  {Nuttall, 
1383). 

PESTALOZZIA  DeNot. 

P. sp. 

On  leaves  Geiim  Canadense,  Oct.  24,  1894  {Nuttall,  1734). 
Sporules  20  x  6  ju.     Setre  5  to  12  fi  long. 
P.  FUNEREA  Desm. 

On  Ipomoea  pandurata,  Sept.  19,  1895.    Spores  23  to  25  x 
6  to  7.5  IX  {Nuttall,  1862.  750). 
P.  GuEPiNi  Desm. 

On  leaves  Rhododendron  maxinium,  R.  Catarcvhiense  and 
Asalia  viscosa.     Spores  18  to  20  x  8  jn,  Aug.  2,  1894  {Nutt 
all,  1 149). 
P.  Jefferisii  Ell? 

On  Opulaster  opidifolius,  sporules  10  to  15  x  4  to  5  and 
25  X  5  /i,  May  7,  1894  (Nuttall,  1509). 
P.  Toxica  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  374. 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  Rhus  radicans,  Aug.  18,  1894 
{Nuttall,  1670,  567). 

Spots  and  perithecia  as  in  Phyllosticta  rhoicola  E.  '&  E. 
Sporules  clavate-oblong,  4-septate,  12  to  15  x  4  to  5  /x,  3 


76  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

intermediate  cells  pale  brown,  end  cells  short,  conical,  hyaline, 
the  upper  cell  with  a  crest  of  3  short,  spreading  hyaline 
bristles  6  to  7  /x  long.  Distance  between  the  two  extreme 
cells  12  /x,  pedicels  shorter  than  the  spores. 

STEGANOSPORIUM  Corda. 
S.  Castaneae  Lib? 

On  Castanca  dentata,  Nov.  14,  1893  {Ntittall,  1275,  221)- 
S.  piRiFORME  (Hoffm.)  Corda. 

On  dying  Acer  riibrum,  June  12,   1894   (Nuttall,  1553). 
S.  aiuricatum  Bon. 

On   dead   limbs  Betula  nigra  in   drift-wood   along   river, 
Oct.  21,  1895.    Spores  35  to  50  x  15  to  18  /x  (Nuttall,  1878). 

USTILAGINACEAE. 

USTILAGO  Pers. 
Q.  tritici  (Pers.)  Rostr. 

On  living  leaves  Triticum  viilgare.     Clinton,  North  Am 
Flora,  7:8. 
U.  utriculosa  (Nees)  Tul. 

On    Polygonum   Pennsylvanicum.      Clinton,    North    Am. 
Flora,  7  :22.     (Sheldon,  22t,o). 
U.  ANOMALA  J.  Kunze. 

On  Plygonum  scandejts.    Clinton,  North  Am.  Flora,  7  :22. 

U.  AvENAE   (Pers.)   Jens.  (U.  segetum  of  Flora). 

On  living  heads  of  wheat  and  oats,  Monongalia  Co.,  near 

Morgantown ;   Lewis   Co.,   near  Alum   Bridge ;  Taylor   Co.,. 

near  Thornton   (Millspaugh). 

U.  TRicuspiDis,  Ell  &  Gall. 

On  Sieglingia   seslerioides.      Clinton,   North    Am.    Flora, 

7:13- 
U.  Zeae  (Beckm.)   Linger.  (U.  Maydis  Corda). 

On   living   ears   and   tassels   of   sweet   corn,   prevalent   in 
Monongalia  Co.,  1891 ;  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).    On 
garden  corn,  July  31,  1894  (Niittall,  1636). 
U.  LAEVis   (Kell.  &  Swing.)   Magn.     (U.  avenae  laevis,  Kell  & 
Swing.). 

On  oats,   Sewell   Mountain,  alt.  2,600  ft.,  Aug.  23,   1894 
(Nuttall,  1678). 

U.    PERENNANS    Rostr. 

On   Arrhenathernm   elatius    (Sheldon,   2361). 
U.  CESATi  F.  de  W. 

On  Panicum  sangtiinale  (Sheldon,  910). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  77 

SPHACELOTHECA   DeBary. 
S.   Hydropiperis    (Schtim.)    DeBary. 

On  Polygonum  sagittatnin.  Clinton,  North  Am.  Flora, 
7:30- 

TILLETIA  Tul. 
T.  STRiAEFORMis  (Wcst)  Wint. 

On   Phleuni   pratcnsc,   Poa   pratensis   and    Agrosfis   alba 
(Sheldon,  51,  1589.  1380,  3556,  507). 
T.  Tritici   (Bjerk.)   Wint. 

Ustilago  tritici,  C.  Bauhin.  On  living  leaves  of  wheat, 
Monongalia  Co..  near  ]\Iorgantown  (Millspaugh). 

ENTYLOMA  DeBy. 
E.  Floerkeae  Holw. 

On  Flocrkca  proscrpinacoidcs   (Sheldon,  3549). 
E.  Menispermi  Pass. 

On  Menisperimini   Canadense   (Sheldon,   1050). 

GRAPHIOLA  Poit. 
G.  Phoenicis  (Moug.)  Poit. 

On  a  species  of  cultivated  Phoenix   (Sheldon,  757). 

UROCYSTIS  Rabenh. 
U.  Anemones  (Pers.)  Wint. 

On  living  leaves  and  under  stem  cuticle  of  Actaea  alba, 
Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh) . 
U.  cARci NODES  (B.  &  C.)  Fisch.  de  Waldh. 

On  Actea  alba.     Clinton,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:57. 
U.  Agropyri  (Preuss)  Schroet. 

On  Elymus?  sp.  (Sheldon,  2952). 

UREDINACEAE. 

NIGREDO  Roussel. 
N.  PEDATATA  (Schw.)  Arthur. 

On  Andropogon  Virginicus   (Sheldon,  2768,  2234,  3248, 
3292).    Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:223.    On  Viola,  Monon- 
galia, Morgantown   (Sheldon^  3249,  3579,  3580). 
N.  SiLPHii   (Burrill)   Arthur. 

On  Juncus  tenuis.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7 :239. 
N.  JuNci-EFFUSi   (Sydow)   x^rthur. 

On  Juncus  effusus.  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora.  7:240. 
On  same  (Sheldon,  1102,  2436),  and  on  /.  tenuis  (Sheldon. 
2305,  2349,  3195). 


78  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

N.  nousTONiATA  (Schw.)  J.  Sheldon,  {.lecidium  Houstomanum 

Schw.)- 

On  Houstonia  caerulea,  Monongalia,  near  Morgantown 
(Millspaugh) .  On  Houstonia  longifolia,  Fayette,  near  Nutt- 
allburg  {Nuttall,  1518).  On  Sisyriiicliiimi  graminoidcs, 
Monongalia,  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon,  2328,  2346).  On 
H.  coerulea  {Sheldon,  13,  38,  39,  539).  On  //.  purpurea 
{Sheldon,  2924). 

N.  PoLYGONi  (Pers.)  Arthur.  {Uromyces  Polygoni  YokX.'). 

On  Polygonum  erecinni,  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutt- 
all). 

N.  Lespedezae-procumcentis  (Schw.)  Arthur.    {Uromyces  Les- 
pedesae  Pk.). 

On    Lespedesa    znolacea,    Monogalia,    near    Morgantown 
{Millspaugh).    On  L.  frutescens,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora, 
7:248  {Sheldon). 
N.  Hedys.ari-paniculati  (Schw.)  Arthur.     {Uromyces  Farl.). 
On  living  leaves  Mcihomia  canescens,  Mason,  near  Point 
Pleasant  {Millspaugh).     On  leaves  M.  panicidata,  Fayette, 
near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall,   1610).     On  several   Meibomias 
{Sheldon). 
N.  FALLENS  (Desmaz.)  Arthur. 

On  Trifolium  pratense,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:255 
{Sheldon,  2330).  , 

N.  Trifolii  (Hedw.  f.)  Arthur.  {Uromyces  Trifolii  Lev.). 
On  living  leaves  Trifolium  pratense,  Mason,  near  Point 
Pleasant  {Millspaugh).  On  Trifolium,  Fayette,  near  Nutt- 
allburg {Nuttall,  1604).  On  T.  hyhridum  and  rcpens,  Ar- 
thur, North  Am.  Flora,  7:255  {Sheldon,  641,  1686,  3233, 
3232). 
N.  Medicaginis   (Pass.)   Arthur. 

On  Medicago  lupidina,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7  :256 
{Sheldon,  1982). 
N.  appendiculata   (Pers.)   Arthur.     {Uromyces  appendiculatus 
Fr.). 

On  living  leaves  of  Phaseolus  vulgaris,  jMonongalia,  near 
Morgantown  (Millspaugh).  On  P.  polystachus  and  Stro- 
phostyles  pauciHora,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7 :258.  On 
Phaseolus  hclvolus  (Post,  1733).  On  Ph.  polystachus  (Shel- 
don, 4212). 

N.  proeminens  (DC.)  Arthur. 

On  Poinsettia  dentata,  Ohio,  near  Wheeling  (Millspaugh). 
On  same  (Sheldon,  931,  2617),  and  on  Chaniaesyce  Preslii 
(932,   1035). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  /r, 

N.  HvPERici-FRONDOSA   (Schw.)   Arthur.     (Uroinyces  Hyperici 
Curt). 

On   Hxpericuin    rnidiluni,   Fayette,   at   Rupert's    (Nuttall, 
1625). 
N.  HowEi   (Peck)   Arthur.     {Uroinyces  Hozcei  Peck). 

On  Asclepias  Syriaca,  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall, 
i86g).  Summers,  near  Lowell  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  130). 
On  A.  amplexicaulis,  incarnata,  and  on  Vincetoxicum  gono- 
carpos,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:265.  On  same  {Shel- 
don, 1015,  1961,  1976)  ;  on  Asclepias  obtiisifolius  {Sheldon, 
1934)  ;  on  A.  incarnata  {Sheldon,  3182). 
N.  Sperm AcocES  (Schw.)  Arthur. 

On  Diodia  teres,  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:267  {Shel- 
don, 2028). 
N.  Caladii   (Schw.)   Arthur.  {Uromyces  Caladii  Farl.). 

On  Arisaema  triphyllum,  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutt- 
all, 1511).     On  A.  dracontium  {Sheldon,  i'^2i,  1620). 
N.  CARYOPHYLLiNA    (Schrauk)   Arthur. 

On  Dianthus  caryophyllus  {Sheldon,  34). 
N.  Rhyncosporae  (Ellis)  Arthur. 

On  Rhyncospora  glomerata  {Sheldon,  2688). 
N.  PLUMBARIA   (Peck)    Arthur. 

On  Onagra  biennis   (Sheldon,  2323). 

UROMYCES  Link. 

U.  Terebinth:  (DC.) 

On  living  leaves  Rhus  radicans,  Oct.   17,   1895    {Nuttall, 
1876). 
U.  EFFUSUS  Arthur. 

On  Juncus  effusils,  Monongalia,  near  Morgantown  {Shel- 
don). 
U.  SiLPiiii  (Lyd.)  Arthur. 

On  Juncus  tennis,  [Monongalia,  near  [Morgantown  {Shel- 
don). 

MEL  AM  PSORA  Cast. 
M.  FARiNOSA  (Pers.)   Schroet. 

On  Salix  nigra.  Oct.  17.  1893.  Spores  at  first  hyaline 
(22  X  13  fx)  but  the  granules  finally  turn  yellow  (22  jx) ,  and 
perfectly  fill  the  spore  (25  x  18  ju.)    {Nuttall,  1107). 

PUCCINIA  Pers. 

P.    ASPARAGI    (DC). 

On  Asparagus  oMcinalis  {Sheldon,  918). 
P.  Caricis-Asteris  Arthur. 

On  Aster  sps.     (Sheldon,  2959,  3559). 


8o  THE    W1-:ST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.   ClIRYSANTHEMI  Roze. 

On  ChrysaiifJiciJutm  cliineiisis  (Sheldon,  15). 
P.  CiRCAEAE  Pers. 

On  Circaca  iutctiana  and  C.  alpiiia   (Sheldon,  769,   1770, 
1889,  3477,  3864;  Grout,  1702). 
P.  Cyperi  Arthur. 

On  Cypcrus  strii^osus  (Sheldon,  774,  1709). 
P.  Davi  Clinton. 

On  Steironenia  ciliatnin    (SJieldon,  3157,  Bonner,  3601). 
P.  Eatoniae  Arthur. 

On  Eafonia  Pennsylvanica,  Ranunculus  ahortivns  and  R. 
niieranthns   (Sheldon,  3235;  8.  3242;  -I445). 
P.  Eleocharidis  Arthur. 

On  Eleocharis  ovciia  (Sheldon,,  46,  3176). 
P.  emaculata  Schw. 

On  Panicuui  capillarc   (Sheldon,   1155,   1245). 
P.  GRA MINIS  Pers. 

On   Berberis   Canadensis    (F.   E.    Brooks).      On   Phlenm 
pratense,  .li^rosfis  alba  and  Triticnin  z'uli^are  (Sheldon,  3007, 
3173;  1247,  1246;  719). 
P.  Impatientis  Arthur. 

On   Inipatiens   a  urea   and   Elynins   sp.    (Sheldon,    7,   653, 
2306,  2330). 
P.  investita  Schw. 

On    Gnaphaliuin    poJyeephahini     (Sheldon,    2014.    2125, 
2210). 
P.  i.ATERiPES  Berk.  &  Rav. 

On  Ruellia  ciliosa  (Sheldon,  C)2y,  3127). 
P.  LoBELiAE  Ger. 

On  Lobelia  syphilitica  (Sheldon,  3801). 

P.  POLYGONI-AMPIIIBII  PerS. 

On  Geranium  maculatuni,  Polygonum  convolvidns,  P.  du- 
metorum  and  P.  hydro piperoides  (Sheldon,  3238,  4113:  736, 
1942;  925,  1130;  4257)- 

P.   RECEDENS   Syd. 

On  Senecio  aureus  (Heck,  2908). 
P.  PoDOPHYLLi  Schwein. 

On  Podophyllum  pcltatum.  May  31,  1894  (Xuttall,  151 5). 
P.  'i-ENUis  Burrill. 

On  Eupafo'-ium  agera^oides,  Jnne  i,  1894  (Nuttall,  1519). 
P.  AsTERis  Duby. 

On  Aster  cordifolius,  Nov.  24,  1894  (Nuttall,  1758,  645). 
On  Aster  macro phyllus  (Sheldon). 
P.  Heliantpii  Sz. 

On  Eleliajtthus  decapctalus,  .Sept.  19.  1895  (Nuttall,  1851). 
On  Helianthus  annuus  (Sheldon,  ig66,  2150). 


WEST    \IKGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  8l 

P.  VioLAE  (Schnm.)  DC. 

On  Viola  liastata,  gecidial  stage ;  asecidia  i8  x  25  fi.  A  spe- 
cies of  small  reddish  caterpillar  found  feeding  on  the  spores, 
April  30,  1893.  Uredo  stage  on  Viola  rotundifolia  or  V . 
hlanda,  April  30,  1893  (Nuttall,  906).  On  Viola  striata,  ros- 
trata,  viUosa,  and  blanda  {Sheldon,  1902,  4200;  1394;  23; 
3060,  3478) . 
P.  CoNVOLvuLi  (Pers.)  Cast. 

On  Convolvulus  repens.  Aecidium  May  3,  Uredo  June  14, 
Teleuto,  Oct.  4,  1894;  all  on  same  vine  {Nuttall,  1516).  On 
Convolvulus Sepiiim  {Sheldon,  926,  2337,  2657,  3158). 

P.  CoNVOLvuLi var. 

On    dead    stems    of    Convolvulus   repens,    Feb.    19,    1895 
Nuttall,  1793). 
P.  PiMPiNELLAE  (Strauss)  Link. 

On  living  leaves   Osmorrhisa  Claytonii,   Monongalia   Co. 
near  Morgantown    (Millspaugh).     On   IVashingtonia  loiigi- 
stylis  {Sheldon,  36). 
P.  Menthae  Pers. 

On  Cunila  origanoides,  Nov.  27,  1894.  Teleutospores  28 
X  20  fji,  not  yet  verruculose  {Nuttall,  1753).  On  Monarda 
didyma;  Mentha  spicata;  Clinopodiurn  vulgarc ;  Kocllia  verti- 
cillata;  Monarda  media;  M.  Ustulosa;  Blephilia  hirsuta;  and 
Koellia  mutica  {Sheldon,  2434;  3804;  1195;  1124;  1039; 
i860;  1785;  1839). 
P.  coronata  Corda. 

On  Holeus  lanatits,  Uredo.  June  30,   1893;  teleuto.  Nov. 

I,   1893,  on  same  specimen.     Length  of  pedicel  5  to  7.5  ju 

•  very  thick,  corona  ~\-  ^S  [x  broad,  teeth  12.5  /x,  teleutospores 

50  X  15  ;u,  {l<^uttall,  1265).     On  Avcna  sativa  {Sheldor,.  32, 

747,  1852). 

P.  Rup.iGO-vERA  (DC.)  Wint. 

On  leaves   Tritieuin  vlugare.  Wood   Co.,  near   Kanawha 
Station    {Millspaugh).      On   Elymus   hirsutigluiiiis   and    on 
Secale  cereal e  {Sheldon,  3198;  1607,  1711). 
P.  Caricis  (Schum.)  Reb. 

On  Carex  sp.  July  10,  1894,  uredospores  and  teleutospores 
{Nuttall,  1590). 
P.  HiERACii  (Schum.)   Mart. 

P.  Hoseulosorum  Roehl.    On  living  leaves  Carduns  laiiceo- 
latus,  Mason  Co.,  near  Point  Pleasant    {Millspaugh).     On 
Taraxacum  Taraxacum,  Oct.  20,  1894  {Niittall,  1721). 
P.  suAVEOLENS  (Pcrs.)  Rostr. 

On  living  leaves  Carduus  lanceolatus.  Wood  Co.,  near 
Kanawha  Station   (Millspaugh). 


82  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.  SoRGHi  Schwein. 

Uredo,    and    teleutospores   on   Zca    Mays,    Sept.    7,    1894 
(Nuttall,  1676). 
P.  CoNOCLiNii   Seymour. 

On    Eiipatoriuui    coelcsfiiium,    Sept.    18,    1895     (Xnttall. 
1849). 
P.  Anemones-Virginiana  Sz. 

On  Anemone  Jlrginiana,  Sept.  18,  1895   (Nntfall,  1850). 
P.  Heucherae  Sz. 

P.  Spreta  Pk.,  P.  Tiarella  B.  &  C.    On  TiarcUa  cordifoUa. 
Oct.  21,  1895  {Nuttall,  1886). 
P.  Smilacis  Schwein. 

Uredospores  on   Suiilax   ^lauca,   Oct.    14,    1894    {Nnttall. 
1708). 
P.  Sambuci   (Schw.)   Arthur. 

On  Sauihiicus  Canadensis,  Carcx  Asa-Grayi  and  C.  Frankii 
(Sheldon,  40,  639,  1479;  2073;  739.  1264). 
P.  Saxifragae  Schlect. 

On  Saxifraga  Virginiensis  (Sheldon  3). 
P.  Veratri  Niessl. 

On  Vcratrnm  viride  (Sheldon,  1499). 
P.  Vernoniae  Schw. 

On  Vernonia  sp.  (Sheldon,  33,  3183). 

P.    \\'lNDSORIAE   Schw. 

On  Sieglingia  sesleroides  (Sheldon,  1959,  2194,  2754). 
P.  Xanthii  Schw. 

On   Ambrosia   triUda,   A.    arteniisiaefolia   and    Xanthinw 
Canadense  (Sheldon,  731;  734;  792,  1022). 

P.    MALVACEARUM   Mont. 

On  Malva  rotiindifolia  and  Althea  rosea  (Sheldon,  1344, 
1611.  2215;  1365,  1406,  2123).     On  Mak'a  sylvestris  (F.  E. 
Brooks,  3202). 
P.  M ART AE- Wilson:  CHnton. 

On  Claytonia  Virginica  (Sheldon,  1309). 

P.    MUHLENBERGIAE  A.   &   H. 

On   Muhlenbergia   diffusa   and   M.    niexicaniis    (Sheldon, 
1267,  2012;  4199). 
P.  OBSCURA  Schroet. 

On  Jnncoidcs  cainpesfre  (Sheldon). 
P.  ALBiPERiDiA  .A.rthur. 

On  Ribes  cynosbafi  (Johnson,  4298). 

P.    ORBICULA   P.  &   C. 

On  Prenantln\s  altissiuia  (Sheldon,  2498). 
P.  BERMINUTA  Artluir. 

On  Agrostis  peroiiiaus,  Pocahontas,  near  Durl)in   (Keller- 
man). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  83 

P.  PoARUM  Niessl. 

On  Poa  pratensis  (Sheldon,  13 19). 

SYNCHYTRIUM  DeBy.  &  Wor. 

S.  DECiPiENS  Farlow. 

On  Falcata  comosa  {Sheldon,  655,  1384,  1438,  3351). 

PUCCINIASTRUM  Otth. 
P.  Hydrangeae  (B.  &  C.)  Arth. 

On  Hydrangea  arbor  esc  ens.     Arthur,   North  Am.   Flora, 
7:106.     (Sheldon,  4,  2130). 
P.  Agrimoniae  (Schw.)  Tranz. 

On  Agrimonia  niollis  and  parviHora.    Arthur,  North  Am, 
Flora,  7:106.     (Sheldon,  771,  1016,  2122,  and  A.  parviHora 
2138).     On  Agrimonia  gyrosepala  (Sheldon,  3855). 
P.  MINIMUM  (Schw.)  Arth. 

On  Menziesia  pilosa.  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora.  7:109. 
P.  rusTULATUM   (Pcrs.)  Dietl. 

On  Epilohinm  angustifolium  and  E.  coloratuin  (Sheldon, 
2430.  3803,  3850). 

GYMNOSPORANGIUM,  Hedw. 
G.  clavariiforme  (Jacq.)  Rees. 

Aecidiospores  on   Crataegus  sp.,  Aug.   2,    1894    (Nnttall. 
1637).     On   various   species   of   Crataegus    (Sheldon,    1107, 
27,   1774,   1023,  2021,   1096,  21 19;   Thatcher,   1714;   Grout, 
1707;  F.  E.  Brooks,  1427). 
G.  Juniperinum  (Linn.)  Fr. 

Teleutospores    on   J  u  nip  cms    Virginiana,   April    2y,    1894 
(Nut  tall,  1473). 
G.  Juniperi-Virginianae  Schw.  (G.  macropus  Link). 

jMercer :  near  Princeton,  on  Juniperus  Virginiana  (Mills- 
paugh),  in  other  localities  on  same  (Sheldon) .  Aecidia  on 
Mains  coronaria  at  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall, 
1157).  On  twigs,  leaves  and  fruit  of  Mains  Mains  and  M 
coronaria  (Sheldon).  Berkeley:  on  Mains  Mains  at  Ger- 
rardstown  (Waite). 
G.  corniculans  Kern. 

On  Amelanchier  Canadensis,  Greenbrier:  near  Fort  Spring 
(Sheldon) . 
G.  globosum  Farl. 

On   Crataegus   macracantha  and   punctata,   and  on  Juni- 
perus Virginiana.    Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:205-6  (Shel- 
don 2707,  F.  E.  Brooks  2298). 
G.  NiDUS-Avis  Thaxter 

On  Amelanchier  Canadensis  (Sheldon  2699,  2717). 


84  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

G.  GERMiNALE  (Schw.)   Kern. 

On  fruits  of  Crataegus  punctata  from  Spruce  Knob,  Pen- 
dleton County,   {Greenman,  257). 

PHRAGMIDIUAl  Link. 
P.  PoTENTiLLAE  (Pers.)  Karst. 

On  Potentilla  Canadensis,  uredospores,   Monongalia  Co., 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).    On  P.  Canadensis,  uredo. 
March  15,  1894,  teleutospores,  Oct.  5,  1894  (Nuttall,  1400?). 
P.  suBCORTiciUM   (Schrauk.)   Wint. 

On  Rosa  humiJis,   June    18,    1893    (Nuttall,    1008).     On 
Rosa  sp.  (Sheldon  4201). 
P.   RUBI-ODORATI  Dietl. 

On  Ruhus  odoratus.     Arthur,  North  Am.   Flora,  7:166. 
(Grout  1251). 
P.  Americanum  Dietl. 

On  a  cultivated  Rose.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:167. 
P.  disciflorum   (Tode)  J.  F.  James. 

On  a  cultivated  Rose.  Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:172. 
(Sheldon  1991,  2135,  2139;  F.  E.  Brooks  6). 

KUEHNEOLA  Magn. 
K.  obtusa  (Strauss)  Arthur. 

On  Potentilla  Canadensis.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7 : 
185. 
K.  Uredinis   (Link)  Arthur. 

On  Rubus  Allegheniensis  and  Canadensis,  Arthur,  North 
Am.  Flora,  7:186.  On  Rubus  hispidiis  (Sheldon  3476, 
3829).  On  R.  Canadensis  1250,  1258,  2435,  2762,  3835.  On 
R.  strigosus  (Shimer  2740). 

COLEOSPORIUM  Lev. 
C.  Senecionis  (Schum.)  Fr. 

On  living  leaves  of  Pinus  echinata   (jecidia),  Wood  Co., 
near  Lockhart's  Run  (Millspaugh). 
C.  SoNCHi  (Pers.)  Lev. 

On   living   leaves    Vernonia  Noz/eboracense,    Mason    Co., 
near   Point  Pleasant    (MilUpangh).     On  Aster  cordif alius, 
Dec.  3,  1894  (Nuttall,  1760). 
C.  Impomoeae  (Schwein)   Burrill. 

On  Ipomoea  pandurafa,  Oct.  15,  1894.     Spores  85  x  23  /u 
(Nuttall,  1720,  608). 
C.  Vernoniae  B.  &  C. 

On  Vernonia  Noveboracense  at  Rupert's,  Sept.  25,  1894. 
Spores  100  X  30  ju.  (Nuttall,  1702,  595). 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  85 

C.  CAmpanulae  (Pers.)  Lev. 

On   Campanula  Americana..    Arthur,   North   Am.   Flora, 
7:89.     (Sheldon  2954,  Grout  1700,  Post  1796). 
C.  Helianthi  (Schw.)  Arthur. 

On  Helianthus  sp.  {Sheldon,  3184). 
C.  SoLiDAGiNis  (Schwein.)   Thum. 

On  Solidago  Canadensis.  June  19,  1894  (Nuttall,  1550)- 
On  Callistephus  {Sheldon,  2024,  2028). 

AECIDIUM  Pers. 
Ae.  Impatientis  Schwein. 

On  Impatiens  biflora,  June  21,  1894  {Nuttall,  1558). 
Ae.  Ludwigiae  E.  &  E. 

On  Ludwigia  alternifolia  {Sheldon,  2344). 
Ae.  Solidaginis  Schw. 

On  Solidago  lanceolata  {Sheldon,  1840). 
Ae.  Ilicinum  E.  &  E.?  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  24:284.     (1897). 

Spots  amphigenous,  purplish-black  above,  dirty-orange  be- 
low, indefinite.  Aecidia  h3'pophyllous,  mostly  only  one  in 
the  center  of  a  spot,  hemispherical  or  tuberculiform  and 
closed  at  first,  then  laciniately  dehiscent  and  margin  coarsely 
toothed ;  secidiospores  irregular  in  shape,  globose,  ovate,  ellip- 
tical or  subangular,  18-22  /*  in  the  longer  diameter,  epispore 
more  or  less  wrinkled  or  tuberculate-roughened. 

On  living  leaves  of  Ilex  opaca.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg, 
April,  1896  (Nuttall,  839). 

PERIDERMIUM  Lev. 
P.  Peckii  Thum. 

On  living  leaves  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Pocahontas  Co.,  near 
Traveler's  Repose  (Millspaugh). 
P.  kalsameum  Peck. 

Under  surface  living  leaves  Abies  balsamea,  Randolph 
Co.,  Shades-of-Death  (Millspaugh) . 

UREDO  Pers. 
U.  Agrimoniae  (DC.)  Schroet. 

On  Agrimonia  striata,  July  10,  1894  (Nuttall,  1591). 
U.  Bigelowii   (Thum.)  Arthur. 

On  Salix  nigra.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:101. 
U.  Medusae  (Thum.)  Arthur. 

On  Poptdus  graiididentata  (Fenton,  4255).  On  P.  del- 
toides  and  candicans  (Sheldon,  2747,  2746). 


86  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

GYMNOCONIA  Lagerh.    .      • 

G.  iNTERSTiTiALis   (Schlccht)   Lagerh.  {Caeoma  nitens). 

On  Rubus  occidentalis  {Sheldon,  25,  502).   On  R.  procum- 

bens  (24),  on    R.  Canadensis  (48,  2433).  On  living  leaves 

Rubus  hispidtis,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  {Mills- 

paiigh).     On  Rubus  villosus,  May  2,  1893  (Nuftall,  907). 

RAVENELIA  Berk. 
R.  EPiPHYLLA  (Schw.)  Dietl. 

On  Cracca  Virginiana.    Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:142. 

PILEOLARIA  Cast. 
P.  ToxicoDENDRi  (Berk.  &  Rav.)  Arthur. 

On  Rhus  radicans.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:148. 

TRANZSCHELIA  Arthur. 
T.  PUNCTATA  (Pers.)   Arthur. 

On  Hepatica  acuta.     Arthur,  North  Am.  Flora,  7:151. 

POLYTHELIS  Arthur. 
P.  FUSCA   (Pers.)   Arth.  (Puccinia  Anemones  Pers.) 

On  Anemone  quinquefolia,  Randolph:  at  Sugar  Creek  {A. 
B.  Brooks). 

PERISPORIACEAE. 

PODOSPHAERA  Kunze. 

P.  OxYACANTFiAE  (DC.)  DeBy. 

On  living  leaves  of  Prunus  cult.,  Crataegus  oxyacantha 
and  Diospyros  Virginiana,  Monogalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
(Millspaugh) .  On  Prunus  serotina  and  Crataegus,  Monon- 
galia, near  Morgantown ;  Preston,  near  Cranesville ;  and 
Berkeley,  near  Martinsburg  (Sheldon).  On  Cydonia  vul- 
garis and  Spiraea  salicifoHa  (Sheldon,  1085,  1845). 
P.  LEUcoTRiciiA  (E.  &  E.)  Salm. 

On  Malus  Malus  (Sheldon,  2755,  2758). 
P.  TRiDACTYLA  (Wallr.)  DeBy. 

On  living  leaves  of  Prunus  cult.,  Cabell  Co.,  near  Flunt- 
ington  ( Millspaiigh ) . 

SPHAEROTHECA  Lev. 

S.  HuMULi  (DC.)  Burrill. 

Oa,  living   leaves   Agriinonia   striata,    Preston    Co.,    near 
Terra  A\ta  (Millspaugh). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  87 

S.  HuMULi  FULiGiNEA    (Schleclit.)   Salmon. 

On  Erechthifcs  liieracifolia  and  Bidens  frondosa    {Shel- 
don, II 98,  3138). 
:5.  PANNOSA  (Waller)  Lev. 

Monongalia,  near  Morgantown,  on  Crimson  Rambler  rose 
{Starcher,  3200). 
S.  MoRS-UvAE  (Schw.)  B.  &  C. 

On  cultivated  Gooseberry   (F.  E.  Brooks,  3288). 
.S.  Castagnei  Lev. 

On  living  leaves   Ercchtitcs  hieracifolia,   Nov.    11,    1894. 

Asci  78  X  58  ju  spores  +  20  x  12  ja  (Nuttall,  1740). 
S.  Mali  (DuBy.)  E.  &  E. 

Berkeley:  on  Malus  Mains  at  Gerrardstown  (Woite). 

PHYLLACTINIA  Lev. 
P.  coRYLEA  (Pers.)  Karst.  (P.  suffulfa  Sacc). 

On  living  leaves  Castanea  dentata,  Oct.,  1893  {Nuttall 
1315),  and  on  Magnolia  Frascri.  On  Polycodinm  stamin- 
eum,  Greenbrier,  at  White  Sulphur  Springs   (JVaife). 

UNCINULA  Lev. 
U.  Ampelopsidis  Peck. 

On    cultivated    grapes,    Monongalia :    near    Morgantown 
(Millspaugh).      On   leaves   of  Partheiwcissns  quinqnefolia, 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall,  1683). 
U.  MACROSPORA  Peck. 

On  Uhnus  Americana,  Greenbrier :  near  Ronceverte ;  and 
Mason;  near  Point  Pleasant  {Sheldon,  1139,  1935)-  On 
jiiglans  nigra:  Syringa  vulgaris;  Euonymus  atropnrpureiis; 
Betula  sp. ;  and  Viburnum  sp.  {Sheldon,  3144;  956,  2010; 
742,  3135;  1225;  1083). 
U.  GENicuLATA  Gerard. 

On  Morus  rubra,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  {Sheldon, 

3487). 
U.  PARVULA  Ck,  &  Peck. 

On  Celtis,  Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg   [Sheldon,  1986). 
U.  ciRCiNATA  Ck.  &  Peck. 

On    Acer    saccharum,    Monongalia :    near    Morgantown 

{Grout,   1261). 

U.  NEGATOR  (Schw.)   Burr.  {U.  Americana  Howe). 

On  leaves  of  Iritis  cordifolia,  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 

{Nuttall,    1684).     On    Vitis  sps.    {Sheldon,   61,  953,   2110, 

2114,  2206,  3131). 

MICROSPHAERA  Lev. 
]\I.  Alni    (Wallr.)    Salmon.  {M.  crineophila  Pk.) 

On  leaves  of  Castanea  dentata,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 


88  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

(Niittall,   169,   1218).     On  leaves  of  Fagiis,  same  location 
and  collector    (1773).     On  Betula,   Monongalia:  at  Cheat 
View;  and  on  Qucrcus,  Preston:  at  Rohr   {Sheldon,  1223, 
1224). 
M.  Grossulariae  (Wallr.)  Lev. 

On  leaves  Sainbucus  Canadensis,  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg  {Niittall,  1693).     On  same  Preston:  near  Cranesvilk 
{Sheldon). 
M.  elevata  Burr,  and  Bess. 

On  leaves  of  Catalpa  Catalpa,  alt.  2,200  ft.  Oct.  2,   1894 
{Nuttall,  1690). 
M.  RussELLii  Clint. 

On  Oxalis  stricta,  Aug.  9,  1694  {Niittall,  1650). 
M.  Vaccinnii  Schw. 

On  Epigaea  re  pens,  Oct.  1893.     Threads  slender,  sharply 
pointed,  somewhat  rough,  asci  5-spored,  50  to  65  x  30  to  40 
IX,  spores  18  to  20  X  10  to  II  /A  {Nuttall,  1255). 
M.  Ouercina  (Schw.)  Burr. 

On  Qiiercus  palustris,  at  Rupert's,  Aug.  26,  1894  {Nuttall, 
1686,  591). 
M.  Alni-Vaccinii. 

On  Vaccinium  sps.  {Sheldon,  1222,  1226,  201s,  2684). 
M.  DIFFUSA  Ck.  &  Pk. 

On  Symphoricarpos  vulgaris  and  Desuiodiuui  sp.     {Shel 
don,  2667,  3485). 
M.   EUPHORBIAE  (Pk.)  B.  &  C. 

On  Titliyinalopsis  corollata  {Sheldon.  1109,  1946,  2030). 

ERYSIPHE  (Hedw.)  DC. 
E.  CiCHORACEARUM   (DC.)  Bufr. 

On  Xanthimn  Canadense,  Nov.  i,  1893  {Nuttall,  1223), 
and  on  Eupatorium  purpureum..  On  cultivated  Dahlia;  on 
Phlox  paniculata;  Taraxacum  sp. ;  Achillea  mHJefolium: 
Aster  sps. ;  Verhesina  alternifolia;  Vernonia  sp. ;  Plantago 
sp. ;  Ambrosia  triUda  and  artemesiae folia;  Lappula  Virginia- 
num;  Helianthus  annuus  and  Eupatorium  perfoliatum 
{Sheldon,  4254;  3529,  3532.  1652,  21 18;  3482;  3134;  3488; 
3145;  3531;  1141,  3125,  3141;  59;  1174,  2248,  3172,  3483; 
723;  3133;  56;  1967;  1257). 
E.  COMMUNIS  (Wall.)  Fr. 

On  Eupatorium  ageratoides,  Oct.  14,  1894  {Nuttall,  1707). 
E.  Graminis  DC. 

On  living  leaves  Poa  pratensis,  Preston  Co.,  near  Terra 
Alta  {Millspaugh).  On  Triticum  vulgar e;  Dactylis  glome- 
rata;  Secale  cereale  and  Poa  compressa  {Sheldon,  3002; 
1638;  1606;  3224). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  8g 

E.    SP. 

Upshur :  near  Buckhannon,  on  Micrampdis  lobata,  Sept. 
12,  1905  (Sheldon).  There  is  a  strong  probabihty  of  this 
being  E.  Polygoni  upon  a  pecuhar  host ! 

E.    LiRIODENDRI    Schw. 

On  Liriodendron  Tulipifera  in  deep  shade,  Short  Creek, 
alt.  1,150  ft.,  Oct.  9,  1894  {Nuttall,  1697). 
E.  AGGREGATA  (Peek)   Farlow, 

On  Alnus,  Greenbrier:  near  Durbin  (Sheldon,  1160,  3787). 
E.  Polygoni  DC. 

On  Liriodendron  tulipifera,  Monongaha,  near  Morgan- 
town  (Sheldon). 

The  following  are  in  the  Sheldon  Herbarium  and  collected 
by  him  unless  otherwise  indicated:  On  Onagra  biennis 
(3533),  Trifolimn  procumbens  (3253,  3268,  Starcher  3218), 
T.  pratense  (3522),  T.  hybridiini  (3534),  T.  stolonifenim 
(3513),  Cuphaea  viscosissima  (Grose  3481;  Johnson  2233), 
Brassica  napus  (3523),  Pisum  sativum  (3070,  E.  E.  Brooks 
1649),  Anemone  sp.  (Grout  1262),  Falcata  comosa  (3081), 
Ranunculus  abortiviis    (1202),    and   Polygonum   sps.    (737, 

935)- 

EUROTIUM  Link. 

E.  KERBARioRUM  (Wigg)  Link. 

On  damp  leaves  Liriodendron  Tulipifera  neglected  in  plant 
press,  Sept.  i,  1894  (Nuttall,  1681). 

APIOSPORIUM  Kuntze. 
A.  pelliculosum  (B.  &  Rav.).  (Capnodiuni  B.  &  Rav.). 

Tucker:  on  Prumis  sp.  (Plum),  at  Parsons  (Szvisher, 
2314)- 

ASTERINA  Lev. 
A.  Leemingii  E.  &  E. 

On  Galax  aphylla.  May  4,  1894  (Nuttall,  1493,  475). 

DIMEROSPORIUM  Fckl. 
D.  Galactis  E.  &  E. 

On  leaves  of  Galax  apyhlla  in  conjunction  with  the  last 
species  above.  May  4,  1894  (Nuttall,  1576,  475). 
D.  CoLLiNSii  (Schw.)  Thum. 

On  leaves  Amalanchier  Canadensis,  Glade  Creek,  May  4, 
1894  (Nuttall.  1490,  472).  On  Carpinus  Caroliniana,  Keg- 
ley,  Mercer  County,  July  27,  1900  (Morris,  1078). 

SCORIAS  Fries. 
S.  spoNGiosA  (Schw.)  Fr. 

On  living  Fagus  atropunicea,  at  Rupert's  July  26,  1894. 
Spores  16  to  18  X  5  /A  (Nuttall,  1634). 


90  TIIK    Wi:ST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SPHAERIACEAE. 

ANTHOSTOMA  Nitschke. 

A.  DisciNCOLA  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  Crabapple,  Monongalia:    Morgantown   (Sltcldon). 

VALSA  Fries. 

V.    CERATOPHORA   Tul. 

On  fire  killed  Hicoria  iiiinima,  Oct.  17,   1894.     On  Acer 
saccharinum,  L.     Asci  38  x  5  jx,  spores  7.5  to  10  x  1.5  to 
1.75  fx  (Nuttall,  1711). 
V.  DiosPYRi  E.  &  E.  Proc.  Phil.,  Acad.,  340  (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Diospyros  Virgi>iiaua^  Dec. 
10,  1893  (Nuttall,  discov.  1308,  253). 

Stroma  consisting  of  the  slightly  blackened  substance  of 
the  bark,  convex,  about  2  mm.  diameter,  not  circumscribed. 
Perithecia  4  to  10  in  a  stroma,  subglobose,  .25  to  .33  mm. 
diameter,  necks  converging  and  united  above  in  a  small, 
black  disk  which  perforates  the  pustuli form-elevated  epider- 
mis, but  does  not  rise  above  it.  Ostiola  short,  conic-cylin- 
drical, with  a  smooth,  round  opening  crowded  and  finally 
obliterating  the  disk.  Asci  clavate-lanceolate,  p.  sp.  25  x  5  /u,, 
8-spored.  paraphysate.  Sporidia  allantoid,  hyaline,  8  to  10  x 
1.5  to  2  /x.  Spermogonia  (Cytispora),  stroma  multilocular 
gray  inside,  opening  by  a  single,  central  pore.  Spermatia 
allantoid,  hyaline,  moderately  curved,  4  to  5  x  1.25  /x. 
V.  ETHERiALis  E.  &  E.  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  341  (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  of  Acer  rnhrum,  Feb., 
1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  1304,  373). 

Stromata  cortical,  thickly  scattered,  convex  i  to  1.5  mm. 
diameter.  Perithecia  6  to  12  together,  circinate,  buried  in 
the  unaltered  substance  of  the  bark,  small,  150  to  250  m 
diameter  their  short  necks  terminating  in  an  erumpent,  com- 
pact fascicle  of  obtuse,  black,  slightly  umbilicate  ostiola 
closely  embraced  by  the  epidermis  and  scarcely  rising  above 
it.  Asci  (p.  sp.)  fusoid,  15  to  22  x  4  to  4.5  /x,  stipitate,  8- 
spored.  Spordia  biseriate,  allantoid,  hyaline,  curved,  slender, 
5  to  6  X  about  I  /x.  When  well  developed,  the  epidermis  is 
raised  into  subdiscoid  pustules  in  which  the  slight  protub- 
erances indicate  the  position  of  the  subjacent  perithecia. 

V.  deUcatula  C.  &  E.  has  fewer,  larger  perithecia  and 
broader  sporidia.  V.  microshora  Cke.  &  Plowr.  has  also 
larger  perithecia  and  yellowish  sporidia,  and  the  ostiola  are 
more  or  less  distinctly  sulcate,  indicating  its  close  relation- 
ship to  Eutypclla.  In  V.  etheriaJis  the  spordia  both  in  and 
out  of  the  asci  are  perfectly  hyaline. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  QI 

V.  coRONATA  (Hoffm.)  Fr. 

On   young,    fire-killed    Castanca   dentata,    Nov.    14,    1893 
(Nut tall,  1263,  209). 
V.  ALBOPUNCTA  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:133  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  Liriodendron  Tulipifera, 
Oct.,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1712,  600). 

Stromato  minute  (.5  to  7.5  mm.),  subseriate,  included  in 
the  thick  epidermis  and  not  penetrating  the  inner  bark,  white 
throughout,  and  without  any  distinct  circumscribing  line. 
Perithecia  3  to  6  in  a  stroma,  pale  slate-color,  no  to  130  u 
diameter;  necks  very  slender,  terminating  in  minute,  subglo- 
bose,  slate-colored  ostiola  taridly  erumpent  around  the  mar- 
gin of  the  minute,  snow-white,  pulverulent  disk.  Asci  clavate 
cylindrical,  50  x  6  /a,  short-stipitate,  obtuse  above,  paraphy- 
sate?  Spordia  biseriate,  allantoid,  hyaline,  moderately 
curved,  6  to  9  x  1.5  to  2  /x. 

A  beautiful  species.    The  lines  of  snow-white  disks,  which 
barely  perforate  the  ruptured  epidermis  and  are  closely  sur- 
rounded by  its  torn  and   slightly   raised  margin,   present  a 
very  neat  appearance. 
V.  Abietis  Fr. 

On  Tsiiga  Canadensis  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,100  ft.,  Feb.  2, 
1893  (Nuttall,  1349). 
V.  ViTis  (Schw.)  Fckl. 

On  Vitis  sp.,  March  26,  1894  (Nuttall,  1432). 

V.    PRAESTANS   B.    &   C. 

On  dead  twigs  Nyssa  aquatica,  Nov.   14,   1893    (Nuttall, 
1242).     Spores  10  to  12  X  3  to  4  /x. 
V.  Nyssae  Cooke. 

On   fire  killed   Nyssa  aquatica,   Nov.    14,    1893    (Nuttall. 
1689). 
V.  subclypeata  C.  &  Peck. 

On  young  fire  killed  Sassafras  Sassafras,  Nov.   14,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1262,  209). 
V.  ambiens  (Pers.)  Fr. 

On  Asimina   triloba,   Conuis  Horida  and   Aralia  spinosa, 
Feb.  18,  1894  (Nuttall,  1383). 
V.  Chionantpii  E.  &  E.,  Proc,  Phila.  Acad..  340  (1894). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  of  Chionanthus  Virgimca, 
March,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1456,  228). 

Perithecia  4  to  10,  globose,  .25  to  .7,2^  mrn.  diameter,  buried 
in  the  unchanged  substance  of  the  bark,  with  convergent 
necks,  terminating  in  short-cylindrical,  obtuse,  perforated 
ostiola  erumpent  in  a  close  fascicle  perforating  and  slightly 
raising  the  bark.  Asci  clavate,  p.  sp.  40  to  45  x  8  to  10  fx, 
8-spored,  paraphysate?  Spordia  allantoid,  hyaline,  12  to  15 
x  3.5  to  4.5  /x,  biseriate  above. 


92  THE    WEST    N'IRGINIA    FLORA 

Spermogoiiia  (Cytispora  Chionanthi  E.  &  E.)  buried  in 
the  bark,  iiask-shaped,  .5  to  .75  (x  diameter,  multilocular,  the 
cells  soon  confluent,  the  apex  erumpent  and  perforated  by  a 
single  pore.  Sporules  allantoid,  4  to  6  x  i  to  1.25  /a,  borne 
on  basidia  branched  above,  the  branches  erect,  straight, 
nucleate,  7  to  10  ju.  long. 
V.   PAUPERATA  C.  &  E. 

On' Acer  ruhriim,  March  26,  1S94  (Nuttall,  1444,  423). 
V.  LEUCOSTOMA  (Pcrs.)  Ff. 

On  peach  tree,  Dec.  2,  1894  (Ntittall,  1768). 
V.  LiNDERAE  Peck. 

On  Benzoin  Benzoin,  April  11,  1895  {Nuttall,  1796). 

EUTYPELLA  Nits. 
E.  DENSissiMA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  341  (1894). 

Type  habitat  :   On  dead  limbs  Aralia  spinosa,  Feb.,  1894 
(Nuttall,  363). 

Stromata  scattered,  cortical,  depressed-conical,  2  to  3  mm. 
diameter,  not  circumscribed,  but  staining  the  bark  olive-gray. 
Perithecia  numerous,  often  50  to  70  in  a  stroma,  100  to  120 
fi  diameter,  closely  packed,  their  slender  necks  terminating 
in  obtusely  conical,  4  cleft,  black,  densely  crowded  ostiola 
erumpent  in  a  brown  disk  surrounded  by  the  ruptured  epi- 
dermis. The  disk  is  soon  obliterated,  so  that  only  the 
crowded,  black,  subshining  ostiola  are  seen.  Asci  clavate- 
fusoid,  p.  sp.  25  to  30  X  4  fi.  Sporidia  biseriate,  allantoid. 
hyaline,  moderately  curved,  8  to  10  x  1.5  to  2  /a. 
E.  RUGiELLA  (C.  &  E.)  Sacc. 

On  Acer  ruhrum,  May  4,  1893  {Nuttall,  921). 
E.  STELLULATA  (Fr.)  Sacc. 

On  Rohinia  Pseudacacia,  March  29,  1893   (Nuttall,  33). 
On  Ailanthus,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 
E.  Platini  Sz. 

On  Platanus  occidcntalis  in  drift.     Spores  7.5  to  8  x  1.5 
to  2  IX,  Oct.  21,  1895  (Nuttall,  1885). 

EUTYPA  Tul. 
E.  spinosa  (Pers.)  Tul. 

On  dry  dead  logs,  June  29,  1893  (Nuttall,  1105). 
E.  MiLLiARiA  (Fr.)  Sacc. 

On  river  drift  wood,  April  20,  1894.    Asci  150  x  6  /x  spores 
10  X  2  ^  (Nuttall,  1477). 

DIATRYPE  Fr. 

D.  Stigma  (Hofifm.)  Fr. 

On  Castanea  dentata,  April  15,   1895   (Nuttall,  1799). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  93 

D,  PLATYSTOMA  (Scliw.)   Berk. 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Feb.  8,  1894  [Niittall,  1380,  342). 
D,  viRESCENS  (Schw.)  Cooke. 

On  Qiicrcus,  Aionongalia :  near  Alorgantown   {Sheldon). 

DIATRYPELLA  C.  &  DeNot. 
D.  VERRUCIFORMIS   (Elirli.)    Nits. 

On  Alniis  nigosa,  Nov.  20,  1893  {Nuitall,  1258). 

ROSELLINIA  DeNot. 
R.  AguiLA  (Fr.)  DeNot. 

On  dead  limbs,  March  21,  1893  {Nuttall,  919,  19). 
R.  coRTicuM  (Schw).  Sacc. 

On  dead  oak,  alt.   1,800  ft..  Short  Creek.     Spores  25  to 
30  X  lo  to  12.5  II.    Dec.  16,  1893  {Nuttall,  13 10). 
R.  suBicuLATA  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  dead  dry  Robinia  Pseudacacia,  July  15,   1893.     Per- 
ithecia  clustered  or  connate,   each   3   to   5   /x,  black,  ostiola 
papillate.    Spores  9  to  12.5  x  5  to  6  /*  somewhat  inequilateral, 
elliptical,  colored  {Nuttall,  1129). 
R.  puLVERACEA  (Ehrh.)   Fckl. 

On  dead  wood,  Nov.  1893.  Spores  10  to  15  x  7  to  9  |U 
{Nuttall,  1338).  Monongalia,  on  hickory  log  near  Uffing- 
ton;  on  Platanus  near  Marilla  (Sheldon). 

R.    MILLEGRANA    (Schw.)    SaCC. 

On  dead  Platanus  occidcntalis,  Aug.  2,  1893  {Nuttall, 
1161). 

R.  ABIETINA  TRICHOTA  C.   &  Ell. 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  Jan.  7,  1895   (Nuttall,  1784,  675). 
BOMBARDIA  Fr. 

B.   FASCICULATA  Fr. 

On  wet  dead  limb,  Magnolia  Fraseri,  on  ground,  Sept. 
16,  1895   (Nuttall,  1830). 

ANTHOSTOMA  Nits. 
A.  MiCROECiUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  344  (1894). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Asimina  triloba,  Feb.  12, 
1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1377). 

Stroma  cortical,  faintly  circumscribed,  i  to  1.5  mm.  diam- 
eter, orbicular,  convex.  Perithecia  4  to  8  in  a  stroma,  glo- 
bose, minute  (200  to  250  /x),  circinate,  necks  slender,  short, 
converging,  with  the  minute  papilliform  ostiola  erumpent 
in  a  small,  black,  hemispherical  disk,  which  barely  pierces 
the  pustuliform-elevated  epidermis,  and  is  closely  embraced 
by  it.     Asci  cylindrical.  80  to  no  x  8  to  10  /x,  paraphysate 


94  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

8-spored.     Sporidia  uniseriate,  elliptical,  brown,  continuous, 
2-nucleate,  12  to  14  x  6  to  7  ju. 

Distinguished  by  its  very  small  stroma  and  perithecia. 
A.   MicROPLACUM    (B.  &  C.)    Sacc. 

On  Sassafras  Sassafras,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  March  21,  1893 
{Nuttall,  915). 

XYLARIA  Hill. 
X.  POLYMORPH  A  (Pers.)  Grev. 

On  dead  logs,  April  7,  1893  {Nuttall,  890). 
X.  CORNIFORMIS  Fr. 

On    rotten    limb,    Sept.   9,    1893.      On   Magnolia   Fraseri, 
Nov.,  1895  (Nuttall,  1 194). 
X.  Hypoxylon    (Linn.)    Grev. 

On  dead  log,  March  10,  1893   (Nuttall,  807). 
X.  flabelliformis   (Schw.)   B.  &  C. 

On  Carpinus  Caroliniana,  May  13,   1893    (Nuttall,  957)- 
X.  Cornu-Damae   (Schw.)    Berk. 

On  wet  rotten  log,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Aug.  24,  1893.  Spores 
20  to  21  X  4.5  II  (Nuttall,  1179). 

USTULINA  Tul. 

U.    VULGARIS    Tul. 

On  dead  and  rotting  stumps,  March  8,  1893  (Nuttall,  954). 

HYPOXYLON  Bull. 
H.   ATROViRiDE  E.  &  E..   Proc.   Phila.  Acad.,  346   (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  bark  of  dead  tree,  Betnla  or  Oiierciis, 
Dec,  1893   (Nuttall,  discov.  1320,  275). 

Stroma  pulvinate,  i  to  1.5  cm.  across,  and  about  4  mm. 
thick,  orbicular,  covered  above  with  a  thin  (.5  mm.)  carbon- 
aceous crust,  which  is  soon  covered  by  a  dark  green  layer 
of  the  ejected  spores,  laterally  and  internally  dirty-umber 
color.  Perithecia  (which  constitute  the  entire  inner  sub- 
stance of  the  stroma)  ovate  compressed,  and  including  the 
long,  stout  neck,  about  3  mm.  long  and  i  mm.  broad  be- 
low. Ostiola  papilliform,  soon  covered  and  obscured  by  the 
ejected  sporidia.  Asci  cylindrical  100  x  3.5  to  4  fi  (p.  sp. 
40  to  45  long),  paraphysate,  8-spored.  Sporidia  uniseriate, 
oblong-elliptical,  pale  brown  under  the  microscope,  2-nuc- 
leate, 4.5  to  5.5  X  2  /x. 

This  is  a  well-marked  species.  The  substance  of  the 
stroma,  except  the  superficial  carbonaceous  layer,  is  friable, 
and  in  this  respect  as  well  as  the  color  resembles  H.  Pelersii 
B.  &  C.,  from  which,  however,  in  other  respects  it  is  very 
distinct. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  95 

H.   COCCINEUM    Bull. 

On  Aralia  spinosa,  alt.  1,300  ft.,  Aug.  18,  1893   {Nuttall, 
1 173,  140). 
H.  NuTTALLii  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  346  (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  bark  of  dead  Magnolia  Fraseri  at 
Glade  Creek,  May,   1894  {Nuttall,  discov,   1494,  477). 

Stromata  gregarious,  subconfluent,  depressed-hemispher- 
ical or  strongly  convex,  3  to  6  mm.  diameter,  purplish- 
black,  mammillose.  Perithecia  small  (about  .25  mm.)  scat- 
tered irregularly  through  the  stroma,  which  is  rather  soft 
and  brownish  within.  Ostiola  crowning  the  mammillose 
projections  on  the  surface  of  the  stroma,  papilliform,  soon 
deciduous,  leaving  a  round  perforation.  The  asci  in  the 
spec,  examined  had  disappeared.  Sporidia  brown,  oblong- 
elliptical,  sub-inequilateral,  7  to  8  x  3  to  4  /x  (exceptionally 
9  X  5  m). 
H.  HowEiANUM   Peck. 

On   decorticated   Magnolia  Fraseri,   alt.    1,800    ft.,    Sept. 
12,  1893  (Nuttall,  1203,  158). 
H.  FUSCUiM  (Pers.j  Fr. 

On  dead  and  decorticated  Acer  saccharum.  Grant  Co., 
near  Bayard  {Mills pan gh).  On  dead  Alnus  rugosa,  Oct. 
31,  1893.     Spores  12  X  6  to  7  /x  {Nuttall,  1221). 

H.   MULTIFORME  Fr. 

On  dead  Betula  sp.,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Short  Creek,  Aug.  11, 

1893  {Nuttall,  1 1 47). 

H.   PERFORATUM    (Schw.)    Fr. 

On   dead   twig,   Feb.   3,   1894.     On  Ilex  opaca,   Dec.   28, 

1894  {Nuttall,  1351).     Spores  10  x  5  /x.     On  Magnolia  Fra- 
seri,  Nov.,    1895. 

H.  RUBiGiNosuM   (Pcrs.)   Fr. 

On    dead   hard    wood   of   Robinia   Pscudacacia,    Feb.    25, 
1893  {Nuttall,  949,  39). 
H.  Sassafras  (Schw.)   Berk. 

On  Sassafras  Sassafras,  jMarcli  21,  1893.  Spores  8  to  12 
X  3  to  4  /A  {Nuttall,  917). 

H.     STIGMATEUM     Cookc. 

On  living  Qucrcns  sp.,  originating  under  the  outer  bark 
which  it  pushes  off,  or  at  times  remains  attached  at  one- 
edge  and  stands  away  like  a  lid.  Asci,  total  length,  150 
X  10  jx,  fertile  portion  120  x  10  //.,  spores  black,  elliptical, 
16  to  20  X  6  to  10  fjL.  Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall,  1350). 
H.  coLLicuLOSUM   (Schw.)   Nits. 

On  Rhododendron  inaxinniin,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Short  Creek, 
Dec.   16,  1893   {Xiitfall.   1330,  289). 


96  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

DALDINIA  DeNot. 
D.  CONCENTRICA   (Bolt.)    C.  &  DcN. 

On  bark  of  dying  Acer  sp.,  April  15,  1893  (Xnttall,  905). 
On  Betula,  Monongalia,  at  Coopers  Rock  (Sheldon). 
D.  VERNicosA  (Schw.)  C.  &  DeN. 

On  dead  trees,  March,  1895   (Nutiall,  1790). 

NUMMULARIA  Tul. 
N.  DiscRETA   (Schw.)   E.  &  E. 

Berkeley,  on  Mains  Mains  at  Gerrardstown    (IVaite). 
N.  PUNCTULATA  (B.  &  Rav.)  Sacc. 

On  dead  branch  of  Oner  ens  sp.,  Aug.  16,  1893  (Nnttall, 

GNOMONIA    Ces.    &   DeNot. 
G.  ULMEA   (Sacc.)   Thum. 

On  dead  leaves  of  Ulnius.  Summers,  near  Lowell  (Pol' 
lard  &  Maxon,  131).  On  Ulniits  Americana,  Wayne,  near 
Ceredo   (Sheldon). 

GNOMONIELLA  Sacc. 
G.  CoRYLi   (Batsch.)   Sacc. 

On  Corylns  Americana  at  Rupert's,  Aug.  5,  1894  (Nutt- 
all,   1647). 
G.  FiMBRiATA  (Pers.)   Saccardo. 

On   Carpinus,   Greenbrier,   near  Durbin    (Sheldon). 

PHYSALOSPORA  Niessl. 
P.  Ilicis   (Schw.)   Sacc. 

On  dead  leaves  of  Ile.v  opaca,  Jnly  21,    1894.     Asci  7.5 
to    10  IX   (Nnttall,    1616).      Monongalia,   near   Morgantown 
(Sheldon). 
P.   Dracaenae  Sheldon. 

On  Dracaena  fragrans,  cultivated  at  Morgantown  (Shel- 
don). 

TRICHOSPHAERIA  Fckl. 
T.  pulchriseta  Peck 

On  dry  firm  splinters  of  dead  log,  alt.  1,800  ft..  Short 
Creek,  March  6,   1894   (Nnttall.   141 2,  382). 

BOTRYOSPHAERIA  Ces.  &  DeNot. 
B.  Quercuum  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  Querciis  sp.,  Vitis  sp.,  Finns  Virginiana,  Opnlaster 
opulifolius,  and  PartJicnocissns  qninqiicfolia.  Perithecia  2 
to  10  (Nuttall,  925,  14). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  97 

B.  QuERCuuM var. 

On  cultivated  Ritbus,  Feb.  25,  1895  (Nuttall,  1794,  685). 
B.  Araliae  Curtis. 

On  Aralia  spiiiosa,  Feb.  24,  1894.     Spores  20  to  30  x  8 
to  10  /x   {Nuttall,  1395). 
B.  pyriospora  (Ellis)  Sacc. 

On  Chionanthus  Virginica,  March  28,  1894.  Asci,  fertile 
portion,  75  x  15  fi  (Nuttall,  1438). 

B.  HiBisci  forma. 

On  Cclastrus  scandens,  April  2y,  1895  (Nuttall,  1819, 
707).     Spores  26  to  35  X  6  to  7.5  /x. 

CRYPTOSPORELLA   Sacc. 

C.  COMPTA  (Tul.)  Sacc. 

On  dead  limbs  of  Fagns  atropiinicca,  Nov.  17,  1893.  Asci, 
fertile  portion,  100  x  12.5  to  15  fx,  spores  granular  22  x  10  ju 
(Nuttall,  1256). 

SPHAERELLA  Ces.  &  DeNot. 
S.  maculiformis   (Pers.)   Awd. 

On  leaves  of  Castanea  dcntata  on  ground,  Dec.   13,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1 3 14). 
S.  iNFUSCANS  E.  &  E.,  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  25:504  (1898). 

Perithecia  gregarious,  minute,  covered  by  the  thin  epider- 
mis which  is  raised  into  minute  pustules  and  blackened  con- 
tinuously for  one  or  more  cm.  in  extent ;  ostiolum  conic- 
papilliform,  erumpent,  asci  oblong-cylindrical,  35  to  45  x 
7  to  8  ^,  sporidia  biseriate,  fusoid,  slightly  curved,  hyaline, 
nucleate,  becoming  faintly  uniseptate,  but  scarcely  con- 
stricted. 

Differs  from  the  description  and  figures  of  S.  pctioUcola 
(Desm.)  in  its  longer  fusoid  sporidia. 

On  old   petioles  of  Liriodcndron  tulipifera,   Nuttallburg, 
May,  i8q8   (Nuttall,  937). 
S.  coNicoLA  Sacc. 

On  dead  cones  of  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Dec.  16,  1893.  Spores 
10  X  3  /*  (Nuttall,  1311). 
S.  Gaultheriae  C.  &  P. 

On  Gaidtheria  procunihens,  June  8,  1894  (Nuttall,  1534). 

S.    NYSSAECOLA    Cooke  ? 

On  Nysa  aqnatica,  Oct.  10,  1894  (immature)  (Nuttall, 
1719,607). 

DIDYMELLA  Sacc. 

D.  Pkysocarpi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894.  335. 

Type  habitat  :  On  Opnlaster  opulifolius,  ]\Iay  12,  1894 
(Nuttall,   1507.  488). 


98  THE    WEST    VIRGINLV    FLORA 

Perithecia  gregarious,  covered  by  the  pustulifonn  epider- 
mis, about  .25  mm.  diameter,  white  inside,  depressed-globose, 
the  papilliform  ostiolum  barely  penetrating  the  epidermis. 
Asci  clavate-cylindrical,  short-stipitate,  85  to  90  x  10  to  12 
jji,  paraphysate,  8-spored.  Sporidia  biseriate,  fusoid,  4- 
nucleate,  uniseptate,  constricted  at  the  septum,  hyaline,  19 
to  22  X  4  to  5  fx,  mostly  a  little  curved. 

MELANCONIS  Tul. 

M.    MODONIA    Tul. 

On  Castanca  dnitaia,  Nov.  14,  1893  [Nitttall,  i2'/4,  221). 
M.  TiLiACEA  (Ell.)  E.  &  E. 

On  bark  of  Tilia,  in  company  with  Diplodia  paraphysata 
E.  &  E.,  Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).  Monongalia, 
at  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 

HERCOSPORA  Tul. 
H.  TiLiAE  (Fr.)  Tul. 

On  Tilia  heterophylla,  Feb.  16,  1894.  Spores  18  x  7.5  ju 
(Nnttall,  1834,  346). 

DIAPORTHE  Nits. 
D.  Gladioli  E.  &  E.  ? 

On  Caulophyllum  thalictroidcs,  July  8,  1894.     Asci  38  x  5 
to  7  fjL,  spores  septate,  4  nucleate,  about  10  x  3  /x  (Xiittoll,. 
1603,  553)- 
D.  Araliae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  339  (1894). 

Type  habitat:  On  Aralia  spiiiosa,  Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall, 
discov.  1356,  312). 

Stroma  buried  in  the  wood  and  circumscribed  by  a  pene- 
trating, black  line,  elliptical,  about  5x4  mm.  Perithecia 
buried  in  the  stroma,  few  (6  to  10)  globose,  .5  to  .75  mm. 
diameter,  their  short-cylindrical  ostiola  projecting  from  a 
black,  tubercular  disk  seated  on  the  surface  of  the  wood  and 
perforating  the  pustuli form-elevated  epidermis,  but  scarcely 
rising  above  it.  Asci  clavate-cylindrical,  40  to  45  x  5  to  6  /x, 
paraphysate,  8-spored.  Sporidia  biseriate,  oblong,  4-nucleate, 
becoming  uniseptate  and  slightly  constricted,  hyaline,  obtuse, 
12  to   13  X  2.5  to  3  fx. 

Allied  to  and  resembling  D.  ocularia  C.  &  E. 
D.    (Chorostate)    Halesiae  E.   &   E.,   Proc.   Phila.  Acad.,  339 
(1894). 

Type  haritat  :     On  dead  limlxs  of  MoJirodciidron  Caro 
linnm.  May,  1894  {Ntittall,  discov.  1541). 

Perithecia  4  to  8,  loosely  circinate.  .75  mm.  horn-color 
inside,  becoming  nearly  black,  sunk  in  the  wood,  necks  con- 
verging   with    their    obtuse,    smooth,    hemispherical    ostiola 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  99 

erumpent  in  a  close  fascicle,  closely  surrounded  by  the  rup- 
tured epidermis.  Asci  slender,  55  to  60  x  6  to  7  fx,  hhort- 
stipitate.  Sporidia  sub-biseriate,  fusoid-oblong,  hyaline,  2  to 
4-nucleate,  becoming  uniseptate  and  slightly  constricted, 
straight,  12  to  15  x  2.5  to  3  ju,. 

There  is  no  distinct  circumscribing  line  around  the  stroma, 
but  the  inner  surface  of  the  bark  is  uniformly  blackened. 
D.  (Chorostate)  Tetrapterae  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  339 

(1894). 

Type  habitat:  On  dead  limbs  Molirodcndron  Carolinum, 
May.   1894   {Nnttall,  discov.   1542). 

Stroma  cortical,  1.5  to  2  mm.  diameter,  surrounded  by- a 
black  line  which  does  not  penetrate  the  wood.  Perithecia 
4  to  12,  circinate,  5  mm.  diameter,  sunk  to  the  wood  and 
leaving  their  impress  on  its  surface  but  not  penetrating  it. 
Ostiola  obtusely  rounded  and  perforated,  erumpent  in  a  com- 
pact fascicle  and  closely  surrounded  by  the  ruptured  epi- 
dermis. Asci  clavate-cylindrical,  75  to  80  x  12  /x.  Sporidia 
biseriate,  oblong-fusoid,  slightly  curved,  subobtuse,  hyaline, 
uniseptate  and  constricted  at  the  septum,  each  cell  with  a 
large  nucleus,  9  to  22  x  5  to  7  /u,. 

Differs  from  D.  Halcsiac  E.  &  E.,  in   its  smaller  perithecia,. 
not  sunk  in  the  wood,  and  its  much  larger  sporidia. 
D.   (Chorostate)  Aceris  Eckl. 

On  Acer  saccharhmm,  L.,  Jan.  26,  1894   (Xuttall,  1739)- 
D.  Hvdrangeae  E.  &  E.,  Eield  Mus.  Bot.,  i  1140  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  stems  Hydrangea  arborcscens, 
Nov.,  1894  (NuttaU,  discov.  1756,  641). 

Perithecia  scattered,  ovate-globose,  350  to  380  /a  diameter, 
sunk  in  the  wood,  which  is  not  at  all  discolored.  Ostiola 
stout,  erumpent,  short-cylindrical,  or  conic-cylindrical,  the 
apex  papilliform.  Asci  (p.  sp.)  oblong-cylindrical,  50  to  60 
x  8  /x,  8-spored,  obscurely  paraphysate.  Sporidia  biseriate. 
oblong-elliptical,  hyaline,  uniseptate,  slightly  constructed,  12 
to  15x3  to  4  /u,  ends  subacute. 

This   may   he   the   Sphacria   spoken   of   by    Schweinitz   as 
found  by  him  on  limbs  of  Hydrangea,  in  company  with  his 
Sphaeria     (Teichospora)   Hydrangcac. 
D.   (Chorostate)  cercophora  (Ellis.)  Sacc. 

On  Ilex  opaca,  Dec.  23,   1893,  March   15,   1894   (XiiftaU. 

1333)- 
D.   (Cpiorostate)  oncostoma  (Du  B.)  Eckl. 

On  Robiuia  Psendacacia,  April  7,  1894.    Spores  17  to  19  x 
4  to  5  /u  {NuttaU,  1446). 
D.   (Chorostate)  sociata  (C.  &  E.)  Sacc. 

On  Benzoin  Benzoin,  April  13,  1895.  Helminthospores  75 
to  100  X  15  fi.     7-septate  {XuttaJI,  1798). 


100  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

D.   (Chorostate)  obscura   (Peck)   Sacc. 

On  Rnhus  villosus,  Feb.  13,  1893  (Nuttall,  1313,  260). 
D.   (Euporthe)  aculeata  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  Phytolacca  decandra,  Nov.  14,  1894.  Asci  40  to  55  x 
6  to  7.5  IX.     Spores  12.5  to  18  x  3  to  3.5  ^  (Niittall,  1754, 

639)- 
D,   (Tetrastaga)  rostellata  (Fr.)  Nits. 

On  Riibiis  odoratiis,  May  31,   1894   (Nuttall,  1528,  560). 

AMPHISPHAERIA   Ces.  &  DeNot. 
A.  piNicoLA  Rehm. 

On  Pinus  rigida  at  Glade  Creek,  and  on  Pin  us  Virginiana, 
May  4,  1894.  Spores  very  variable  -|-  35  x  12  ju,  (Nuttall, 
1499,  480). 

VALSARIA  Ces.  &  DeNot. 

V.  EXASPERANS  (Gcr.)  Sacc. 

On  Juglans  cinerca,  Nov.  3,  1893  (Nuttall,  1260,  202). 
On  same,  Monongalia,  near  Morgantown    (Sheldon). 

MASSARIA  DeNot. 
M.  Magnoliae  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:141   (1896).    ' 

Type  habitat:  On  bark  of  dead  limbs  Magnolia  acu- 
minata, April  25,  1895  (Nuttall,  discov.  1818,  700,  705). 

Perithecia  scattered,  buried  in  the  bark,  depressed-globose, 
.75  to  1.25  mm.  diameter,  the  subconical  ostiolum  piercing 
but  not  perceptibly  raising  the  bark.  Asci  broad  oblong,  p. 
sp.  150  to  200  X  55  to  65  /x  with  a  very  short,  nodular  stipe, 
8-spored,  paraphysate.  Sporidia  crowded-biseriate,  oblong 
or  clavate-oblong,  3  to  5-septate,  mostly  3-septate,  when 
young,  hyaline  at  first,  finally  deep  brown  and  then  with 
only  one  distinct  septum,  though  often  i  to  4  other  faint 
septa  can  be  seen.  There  is  a  distinct  constriction  at  the 
main  septum,  which  is  a  little  below  the  middle  of  the  spore, 
but  none  at  the  other  faint  septa  which  are  often  wanting. 
The  sporidia  measure  65  to  80  x  20  to  25  fi,  larger  than  in 
M.  foedans  (Tode),  which  has  sporidia  about  50  x  20  /x,  3- 
septate  and  constricted  at  all  the  septa,  besides  being  more 
distinctly  narrowed  below. 

LEPTOSPHAERIA  (Pers.)  DeNot. 
L.  DoLioLUM   (Pers.)   DeNot. 

On  Polymnia  Uvcdalia  and  Helianthus  decapetalus,  Nov. 
16,  1894.  Perithecia  covered  by  outer  bark.  Asci,  fertile 
part  no  X  6  /A,  stipitate.  spores  overlapping  at  ends.  Spores 
22  X  4  /.,  23  X  4.5  fx,  25  X  5  ;u,  27  X  5  M,  30  X  5  /x;  3-septate, 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  lOI 

nucleate,  constricted  at  septum  when  mature ;  straight,  one- 
sided, or  curved  {Nuttall,  1744). 

L.   VAGABUNDA    SaCC. 

On  dead  stems  Hydrangea  arhorescens,   Nov.  21,   1894. 
Asci  125  to  150  X  7.5  jn  total  length  {Nuttall,  1745). 
L.  OGiLviENSis  (B.  &  Br.)  Ces.  &  DeNot. 

On   Cimicifnga  racemosa,  July  4,    1894    {Nuttall,    1586). 
L.  cLAviGERA   (C    &  E.)    Sacc. 

On  old  stems  Phytolacca  decaiidra,  Nov.  14,  1894  {Nutt- 
all, 1741).     Spores  -|-  43  X  6  /i. 

L.    ORTHOGRAMMA    (B.    &    C.) 

On  Zea  Mays,  Aug.   10,  1895   {Nuttall,   1832,  722). 

MELANOMMA  Nits  &  Fckl. 
M.  PuLvis-PYRius  (Pers.)   Fckl. 

On  decorticated  Magnolia  Fraseri,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Short 
Creek,  Sept.  10,  1893.     Spores  15  x  3.5  /*  {Nuttall,  1200). 

TREMATOSPHAERIA   Fckl. 
T.  viTiGENA  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:142  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  old,  decaying  wood  of  Vitis  rnpestris, 
April,  1894  {Nuttall,  discov.  454). 

Perithecia  gregarious,  sunk  in  the  wood  all  except  the 
obtuse,  convex  apex,  .5  to  .75  mm.  diameter,  depressed- 
globose,  the  buried  part  rather  thin-walled,  the  erumpent, 
convex  apex  thick,  solid,  like  the  stromatic  shield  of  Clype- 
osphaeria.  Ostiolum  papilliform,  soon  perforated.  Asci 
clavate-cylindrical,  paraphysate,  8-spored,  86  to  100  x  10 
to  12  IX.  Sporidia  sub-biseriate,  fusoid-oblong,  3-septate, 
and  constricted,  subacute,  pale-brown,  20  to  25  x  6  to  7  ^. 

PSEUDOVALSA  Ces.  &  DeNot. 

P.   SIGMOIDEA    (C.   &   E.) 

On  dead  limbs  Quercvis  Prinus.  Spores  50  to  88  x  5  to 
7  fi  {Nuttall,  1828,  717). 

LASIOSPHAERIA  Ces.  &  DeNot 
L.  oviNA  (Pers.)   Ces.  &  DeNot. 

On  Juglans  cinerea,  and  parasitic  on  Hypoxylon,  Short 
Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Dec.  16,  1893.  Spores  50  to  60  x  6 
to  7.5  fx..    Asci  135  x  12.5  fx  {Nuttall,  1^22). 

ACANTHOSTIGMA  DeNot. 

A.  DECASTYLUM   (Cookc)   Sacc. 

On  dead  log,  June  18,  1893  {Nuttall,  1018). 


102  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

HERPOTRICHIA  Fckl. 
H.  DIFFUSA  (Schw.)  E.  &  E. 

On  dead  twig,  Sept.  lo,  1893  (Niittall,  1197).  On 
Morns  rubra,  at  Marilla  {Slicldon). 

CALOSPORA  Sacc. 
C.  AcuLEANS  (Schw.)   Sacc. 

On  Rhus  liirfa  and   copalliua,    March  2^,    1894.     Spores 
15  to  17  X  3  ^,  aculeate   {Nut tall,  1440). 
C.  RiiOiNA  (C.  &  Ell.)   Sacc. 

On  Rhus  hirta,  Dec.  9,  1893.  Spores  15  to  18  x  5?  ^ 
hyaline,  4-nucleate,  imiseptate  constricted  at  septum.  (Nutt- 
all,   1348,  306). 

PYRENOPHORA  Fr. 
P.  CALVESCENS  (Fr.)    Sacc.  ? 

On  Chenopodiuni  aiithclininticiiin,  Aug.  10,  1895  (Nuttall. 
1845,  736). 

TEICHOSPORA  Fckl. 

T.   NITIDA   E.   &  E. 

On  Ruhus  villosus,  Apr.  25,  1895.  Asci  75  x  12?  fx.  Spores 
20  to  23  x  9  to  10  fx  {Nuttall,  1817,  706). 

CARYOSPORA  DeNot. 

C.  PUTAMiNUM    (Schw.)   DeNot. 

On  Hickoryuut,  Monongalia,  INTorgantown  {Sheldon). 

PLEOSPHAERIA  Speg. 

P.  coRTicoLA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  1894,  332. 

Type  habitat  :  On  bark  of  Pimis  rigida.  Glade  Creek, 
June  24,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1582). 

Perithecia  scattered,  superficial,  ovate,  300  to  400  fx  diam- 
eter, carbonaceo-membranaceous,  pilose-strigose,  hairs  100 
to  200  X  5  to  6  ^  soon  opaque,  very  faintly  and  sparingly 
septate,  here  and  there  collected  into  closely  compacted  fas- 
cicles resembling  stout  bristles.  Ostiolum  papilliform,  ob- 
tuse. Asci  oblong-cylindrical,  abruptly  short-stipitate,  80  to 
100  X  20  to  25  fx.  Paraphysate?  Sporidia  crowded,  acutely 
elliptical,  nearly  hyaline  at  first,  becoming  olive-brown  and 
5  to  7  septate  and  muriform,  but  not  constricted. 

Comes  near  P.  strigosa  Sacc,  but  perithecia  rather  smaller, 
not  depressed,  and  hairs  fasciculate. 
P. ■- —  sp. 

On  Tccoma  rad icons,  Feb.  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  14 14,  385). 


WEST    \'IRGIXIA    GEOLOGICAL    SUR\'EY  IO3 

CUCURBITARIA  Gray. 
C.  Fraxini  E.  &  E. 

On  Fraxinus  Aincricaiia,  Apr.  27,   1894   (Nnttall,  1523). 
C.  ELONGATA   (Fr.)   Grev. 

On  Robiiiia  Psciidacacia,  Jan.   15,   1894   {Xuttall,   1783). 

OPHIOBOLUS  Riess. 
O.   PORPHYROGONUS   (Tocle)    Sacc. 

On    Vernonia    Novchoracensis,    Apr.    24,    1895    (Nuttall, 

1820,  702). 

O.   ACUMINATUS    (SoW.) 

On  Zca  Mays,  Aug.  10,  1895  (Nuttall,  1839,  728). 

O.  FULGiDus  (C.  &  p.)  Sacc. 

On    Vernonia   Noveboracensis,    Apr.    24,    1895    {Nuttall, 

1821,  703). 

CRYPTOSPORA  Tul. 

C.    FEMORALIS    (Pcck)    SaCC. 

On  Alnns  rugosa,  Feb.  25,   1894.     Asci  60  to  75  x   12.5 
to  15  fi.     Spores  50  to  65  x  3.5  fi  in  middle  and  enlarging; 
to  5  /i,  at  each  end  (Nuttall,  1318). 
C.  ciNCTULA  (C.  &  P.)  Sacc? 

On  Castanca  dcntata,  Dec.  8,  1893.     Asci  about  75  x  7.5 
/x.     Spores  60  to  75  X  4  ju.,  hyaline,  nucleate,  curved,  often 
slightly  thickened  toward  one  end   (Nuttall,  1296,  245). 
C.  TRicHOSPORA   (C.  &  P.)   Sacc. ? 

On  Qucfciis  sp.,  Feb.,  1894.  Spores  -{-  ^o?  jjl  (Nuttall. 
1450). 

HYPOCREACEAE. 

HYPOMYCES   Fr. 
H.  ROSELLus  (Alb.  &  Schw.)  Tub? 

On  Hynienocetum  on  Magnolia  Frascri,  ]\Iarch  6,    1894 
(Nuttalf,  1417,  387). 
H.  AURANTiu.s  (Pers.)  Tul. 

On  Stcrcuui  sp.  Sept.  3,  1893  (Nuttall,  1198).  Short 
Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft. 

CREONECTRTA  Seaver. 
('.  PURPURiiA   (L.)   Seaver.  (Ncctria  cinnabarina  Fr.). 

On  Jralia  spinosa,  Alarch  5,  1894.  Asci  75  x  7.5  u. 
Spores  20  to  23  X  4  to  5  /x  (Nuttall,  1405,  374).  On  Acer 
saccharuui,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown   (Sheldon). 


I04  THE    WEST    X'lRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  cocciNEA  (Pers.)  Seaver.  {Nectria  coccinea  Fr.,  ditissiuia 
Tul). 

On  bark  of  dead  Magnolia  Fraseri,  March,  1894.  Asci 
65  X  7.5  jtt.    Spores  10  to  15  x  3.5  to.  6  ju,  {Nuttall,  14/2,  451). 

On  dead  and  fallen  Robinia  Pseudacacia,  on  Magnolia 
Fraseri,  Oct.  17,  1893   {Nuttall,  11 15,  162). 

NECTRIA  Fries. 
N,  Peziza  (Tode)  Fries.  (A^.  vulpina  E.  &  E.). 

On  bark  of  dead  Ulmus  pubesccnsf    Oct.  17,  1894.  Spores 
10  X  5  /i.,  i-septate,  2-guttnlate  {Nuttall,  1216,   164). 
N.  EPispHAERiA  (Tod.)  Fr. 

On  dead  fallen  twigs,  Aug.  15,  1893  {Nuttall,  1175,  143)  • 
On  Fagits,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown   {Sheldon) . 

APONECTRIA  Sacc. 
A.  iNAURATA  (B.  &  Br.)   Sacc. 

On  Rhus  copallina,  Mar.  24,  1894  {Nuttall,  1431).  ^licro- 
spores  3  X  I  /x,.     Spores  10  to  12.5  x  3  /x. 

HYPOCREA  Fr. 
n.  LENTA  (Tode)   Berk.  &  Br.  {H.  Schzvcinitzii  Sacc). 

On  an  Oak  log.     Boone:  near  Lick  Run  {Sheldon). 
H.  PATELLA  Cooke  &  Pcck. 

On  dead  wood,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall,  y^). 
H.  ViRGiNiENSis  E.  &  E.  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  442   (1893). 

Type  habitat:  On  leaves  of  Rhododendron  nia.vinium, 
Aug.  12,  1893  {Nuttall,  discov.  1163). 

Epiphyllous,  stroma  carnose,  scattered,  sub-hemispherical 
or  depressed-turbinate,  i  to  2  mm.  diameter,  of  a  yellowish 
gray  color,  subtruncate  above  and  obscurely  margined 
(when  mature).  Perithecia  buried  in  the  stroma,  ovate, 
membranaceous,  no  to  150  /j.  diameter.  Ostiola  hemis- 
pherical, prominent,  black,  broadly  perforated  and  some- 
times collapsed.  Asci  clavate-cylindrical,  p.  sp.  40  to  45  x  7 
to  8  /x,  short-stipitate,  filiform-paraphysate,  8-spored.  Spori- 
dia  biseriate,  oblong-fusoid,  yellowish-hyaline,  uniseptate, 
slightly  constricted  at  the  septum,  obtusely  pointed  at  the 
ends,  ID  to  12  X  3  to  3.5  ju,. 

H.  viridans  B.  &  C.  seems  to  differ  in  its  hidden  ostiola 
(ostiolis  latitantibus). 
This  species  is  said  by  Seaver  to  be  a  discomycete. 
H.  tenerrima  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  442  (1893). 

Type  habitat  :  Incrusting  moss,  leaves,  twigs,  living 
Gaultheria  procmnhens,  etc.  July,  1893  {Nuttall,  discov. 
1138,   123). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  IO5 

Perithecia  gregarious,  minute  (.16  mm.),  clothed  (except 
the  black  apex)  with  a  thin  white  tomentum,  seated  on  a 
thin  snow-white,  tomentose-arachnoid  subiculum.  Asci  cyl- 
indrical, 40  X  3  /A,  without  paraphyses,  8-spored.  Sporidia 
uniseriate,  oblong,  obtuse,  hyaline,  5  to  6  x  2  ]«,  with  a  single 
nucleus  in  the  centre  (becoming  uniseptate)  ? 

This  is  closely  allied  to  H.  siihcarnea  E.  &  E.,  but  diiTers 
in  the  color  of  the  subiculum,  the  black  apex  of  the  peri- 
thecia, the  narrower  asci,  and  rather  longer  sporidia.  Pos- 
sibly Neciria  Rcxiana  Ellis. 

PODOSTROMA   Karst. 
P.  ALUTACEUM    (Pers.)   Atk. 

On  decaying  organic  matter  on  the  ground.  Seaver, 
North  Am.   Flora,  3  136. 

HYPOCREOPSIS  Karst. 
H.  LICHENOIDES   (Todc)    Scaver.  {H.  riccioidea  Karst.). 

On  Kaltnia  latifolia,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Aug.  24,  1893.  Spores 
apparently  moniliform   [Nuttall,  1178). 

GIBBERELLA  Sacc. 
G.  PULicARis  (Fries)   Sacc.  {G.  Saubinetii  Sacc). 

On  Asparagus  ofllcinalis,  Nov.  i,  1893  {Nuttall,  124^, 
190). 

SCOLEONECTRIA  Seaver. 
S.  scoLEOSPERMA  (Bref.)  Seaver. 

On  Pinus  Strobns,  Monongalia:  at  Morgantown  {Shel- 
don). 

BROOMELLA  Sacc. 

B.  Ravenelii   (Berk.)   Sacc. 

On  Acer  ruhrum,  April  4,  1894  {Nuttall,  1461,  439). 

THYRONECTRIA  Sacc. 

T.  DENiGRATA   (Wint.)    Scavcr.  {Pleonectria  Wint.). 

On    Glcditsia    triacanthos,    Monongalia :    near    Morgan* 

town  {SJieldon). 

T.  MissouRiENSis  (E.  &  E.)   Seaver.       {Pleonectria  E.  &  E.). 

On  dead  stick,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall,  871). 

CORDYCEPS  Fries. 

C.  MiLiTARis    (Linn.)    Link. 

In  laurel  thicket  on  ground,  Aug.  12,  1893,  Keeney's 
Creek  {Nuttall,  1205,  161). 


io6  Tin-:  WEST  Virginia  flora 

C.  PARASITICA    (Willd.)    Seaver.  (C   of^hic^ij^lossoidcs  Link). 

On  ground  in  wet  woods,  Aug.  24,  1893   (Xiittall,  1172). 

DOTHIDEACEAE. 

PHYLLACHORA  Nits. 

P.  Graminis  (Pers.)  Fckl. 

On  living  leaves  of  Hysfri.v  Hystrix,  Fayette  Co. :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Millspaugh).    On  Elyniiis  Canadensis,  Oct.  28, 

1893  {NuttaU,  1250,  192). 
P.  Caricis  (Fr.)  Sacc.  ? 

On  Korycarpns    diandnis,    ^larch    i,    1894    (immature) 
{NuttaU,  1402,  238). 

P.    POMAGENA    Sacc. 

Berkeley,  on  Mains  MaJus  at  Gerrardstown  (IVaitc). 

DOTHIDELLA  Speg. 
D    Ulmae  (Sz.)  E.  &  E. 

On  Ulmus  pnbcsccns,  Nov.  5,  1894  (NuttaU,  1749,  629) 

PLOWRIGHTIA  Sacc. 
P.  .'MORBOSA  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  limbs  of  cultivated  Plum  and  Cherry,  Alonongalia 
Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).  On  Prnnus  scrotina, 
Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Mountain   (Sheldon). 

M  I  C  R  O  T  H  Y  R  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

MYICOPORON  Speg. 

M.  Smilacis  (De  Not)  Sacc. 

On  Sniila.v  sp.  April  12,  1895   (NuttaU,  1807). 

LOPHIOSTO  M  A  C  E  A  E. 

LOPHIOTREMA   Sacc. 
L.  NucuLA  (Fr.)  Sacc. 

On  dead  heartwood  of  Liquldanibar  Styracidua,  April  20> 

1894  (NuttaU,  1479,  459). 

LOPHIDIUM   Sacc. 
L.  NiTiDUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  333   (1894). 

Type  habitat:  On  Vitis  cult.  Feb.  2,  1894  (NuttaU, 
discov.  1336,  295). 

Perithecia  scattered,  semi-erumpent,  small  (200  to  250  n 
diameter)  black  and  shining,  subhcmispherical,  the  flattened 
base    immersed    in    the    bark.      Ostiolum    compressed,    thin, 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  lO/ 

narrow,  sometimes  obsolete.  Asci  cylindrical,  short  (8  to 
lo  fji),  stipitate,  about  loo  x  lo  to  12  /x,  paraphysate,  8- 
spored.  Sporidia  uniseriate,  oblong-elliptical,  yellow-brown, 
5  to  7-septate  with  a  longitudinal  septum  running  through 
two  or  more  cells,  19  to  22  x  8  to  10  /x,  ends  mostly  rotuided 
and  obtuse,  not  at  all  or  only  slightly  constricted  in  the 
middle. 
L.  COMPRESSUM  (Pers.)  Sacc. 

On  Sali.r  nigra  falcata,  April  23,  1894.  Asci  70  to  lOO 
X  13  fi.     Spores  25  to  30  x  8  to  10  ^  (Xiitfall,  1481,  461). 

H  E  L  V  E  L  L  A  C  E  A  E. 

MORCHELLA  Dill. 
M.  ESCULENTA   (Linn.)    Pers. 

Along  an  old  road  among  grasses  and  leaves  under  an 
oak.  April  18,  1893  {^^^ttall,  897).  {Sheldon,  2308,  2842, 
3229). 

M.  ANGUSTICEPS   Pcck. 

On  ground.  Short  Creek,  April   18,   1893.     Spores  25  to 
28  X  15  ;a  (Nnttall,  895). 
M.  sp. 

On  ground.  Short  Creek.  5  cm.  high,  with  smooth  spores 
28  X  17  fjL,  April  18,  1893   ( Nuttoll,'  Sg6). 

GYROMITRA   Fr. 
G.  cuRTiPES  Fr. 

On  ground  below  cliffs.  Short  Creek.  Asci,  fertile  part 
50  X  16  to  18  IX.  Total  length  350  /a.  Spores  22  to  30  x 
10  IX,  2-nucleate  (Xiiftall,  1813). 

HELA'ELLA   Linn. 
H.  MACROPUS   (Pers.)   Karst? 

On   ground    in    woods    at    base   of    cliff's,    July    15,    1893 
(Nnttall,  1097). 
H.  CRisPA   (Scop.)    Fries. 
(Sheldon,  2098). 

^IITRULA  Fr. 
M.  PHALLoiDES  (Bull.)  Chev. 

In  water  on  leaves  of  Ouercus  Priiins,  etc.,  spores  to  20 
X  3  /x.  Alasterson's  Glade,  June  11,  1893  (Nnttall,  935). 
On  decaying  leaves  in  a  gutter  (Sheldon,  2923). 

'M.    LUTESCENS   B.    &   C. 

On  ground  and  on  dead  logs  in  deep  woods,  alt.  2,000 
ft.  (Nnttall,  1024). 


I08  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SPATHULARIA   Pers. 
S.  CLAVATA  (Schsef.)   Sacc.  ? 

In  woods  among  dead  leaves,  stipe   dark  brown,  spores 
short  25  fx,  July  10,  1893   {Nuttall,   1087). 
S.  VELUTIPES  C.  &  F. 

Among  mosses  on  a  decaying  log   {Sheldon,  3437). 

VIBRISSEA  Fr. 
V.  TRUNCORUM   (A.  &  S.)   Fr. 

On  wet  dead  sticks,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  June  15,  1893  {NuttalL 
991).     On  wood  in  running  water   {Sheldon,  2986,  2922). 

PEZIZACEAE. 

RHIZINA   Fr. 
R.  iNFLATA  (Schaef.)  Quel. 

On  sandstone  rock  in  sandy  loam.  Blackish-brown, 
spreading,  2  to  9  cm.  x  i  to  3  cm.,  convex,  loosely  attached 
to  the  soil  by  strong  rootlets  from  all  parts  of  the  underside, 
margin  strongly  rolled  inward.  Asci  375?  to  415  x  12.5  ix, 
spores  hyaline,  apiculate,  large,  40  x  10  jx.  Keeney's  Creek, 
Nov.  3,  1893  (Nuttall,  1224). 

GEOPYXIS    Pers. 
G.  NEBULOSA  Cooke. 

On  dead  wet  wood  at  low  and  high  altitudes,  Aug.  10, 
1893  (Nuttall,  1177).  On  a  decaying  log  (Sheldon,  2453, 
2455>  3425,  3467)- 

G.    CARBONARIA   A.    &   S. 

On  ground  upon  which  logs  had  been  burned  the  previ- 
ous autumn,  April  18,   1893   (Nuttall,  908). 
G.  cupuLARis  Linn. 

(Sheldon,  3469). 

PEZIZA    Dill. 
P.  AURANTiA  Pers. 

On   wet   and   freshly   crushed   sandstone   ballast,   and   on 
filling  of  sandstone  cut  on  railroad.  Spores  curiously  rough 
and  apiculate  at  both  ends.     Nov.  3,   1893   (Nuttall,  1225). 
On  soil  (Sheldon,  1239,  3239). 
P.  BADiA  Pers. 

On  ground.  Short  Creek,  April   18,  1893   (Nuttall,  922). 
P.  REPANDA  Wahl. 

On  earth  and  decaying  wood  (Sheldon,  3519,  2909,  2844). 
P,  VESICULOSA  Bull. 

On  earth  in  a  greenhouse  (Sheldon,  31 17). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  lOf) 

OTIDEA  Pers. 

O.   ONOTICA   OCHRACEA    Fr. 

On  ground  and  on  rotten  Tsuga  Canadensis,  July  14, 
1893.  Asci  175  X  10  ju,  total  length,  spores  11  to  13  x  7.5  ix, 
nuclei  2  (Nuttall,  1098). 

HUMARIA  Fr. 

H.   ECHINOSPERMA   Pcck. 

In  soil  of  ditch,  July  20,  1894  {Nuttall,  1630). 
H.    CESTRICA   E.   &   E. 

On  earth   {Sheldon,  3104). 
H.  Gerardii  Qce. 

On  earth  in  woods   {Sheldon,  3468). 

H.  AVANEOSA  Bull.  ? 

On  wood  ashes   {Sheldon,  2945). 

SARCOSCYPHA  Fr. 

S.    OCCIDENTALIS    (L.    &    S.)    Boud. 

On  various  dead  twigs  and  on  soil  {Sheldon,  1419,  2987, 
3250,  3013). 
S.  rufum   (L.  &  S.)  Rehm. 

On  wood  {Sheldon,  646). 
S.  cocciNEA  Jacq. 

On   sticks,  on   ground   in    damp   shady   place,    March   20, 
1893    {Nuttall,  852).     On   decaying  wood    (Sheldon,  2789, 
2831). 
S.  FLoccosA  Schw. 

On  a  stick  in  a  laurel  thicket,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Julv  12,  1893 
{Nuttall,  1 1 12). 

CIBORIA  Fuckel. 
C.  jUGLANDis  Preuss? 

On  hickory  shucks   {Sheldon,  3016). 

PLICARIELLA  Sacc. 
P.  MiNiATA   (Crouan)    Lindau. 

On  earth  (Sheldon,  2796"). 
P.  scABROSA  (Sacc).  (Phaeopeziza  Sacc). 

On  decaying  log  (Sheldon,  2459). 

LACHNEA  Fr. 
L.  pcuTELLATA,  Linn. 

On  rotting  log  Fagus  atropunieea  and  under  hark  of  wet 
log  Ouereus  alba,  ]\Ionongalia  Co.,  near  Aloreantown 
{Millspaugh').  On  rotten  wood  in  old  drift  of  mine,  and 
on   bare   sandy  ground   among   pebbles.   Short   Creek,   May 


no  THE    WEST    \IKGIN1A    FLORA 

11-17,  1893  (Niittall,  936).  On  decaying-  wood,  leaves,  etc. 
{Sheldon,  557,  1556,  2061,  1042,  3364,  2888,  2449,  2887, 
3371,  2930,   1413). 

L.    UMBRARUM    Fr. 

On  open  bare  sandy  soil,  Short  Creek,  Alay,  1893  (-V////- 
all,   1 107). 
L.  JiiRTA  Schum. 

On  floor  of  cave,  July  25,  1893  (Nitttall,  1127). 
L.  viTELLiNA  Pers. 

On  dead  log.  Asci  235  x  15  fx,  Short  Creek,  July  2, 
1893  {Nuttall,  1114).  ^ 

L.  ERiNACEA  (L.  &  S.)   Sacc. 

On  underside  of  log-  Qncrcus  alba,  ^Monongalia  Co.,  near 
jMorgantown  { Mills  part  gli ) .  On  decaying  logs  {Sheldon, 
2060,  3187,  3399,  3401). 

SCLEROTINIA  Fuckel. 
S.  FRUCTiGENA  Rehm. 

Monongalia:  near  Morgantown,  on  a  fallen  Peach  {Shct 
don,  2832).     Conidial  stage  on  Plum,  Peach,  Raspberry  and 
Apple  {Sheldon). 
S.  TUBEROSA  (Hedw.)  Fckl. 

On  earth  (Sheldon,  3179). 
S.  TRiFOLTORUM  Eriks. 

On  ground  in  open  woods,  May  18,  1893   {Niittall,  960). 

GEOGLOSSUM  Pers. 
G.  GLABRUM   Pers. 

On  soil  {Sheldon,  2454). 

GORGONICEPS   Karst. 
G.  GuERNisAci  Sacc. 

On  deca}'ing  wood   (Slicklon,  2866). 

HELOTIUM  Fr. 
H.  LACTEUM  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  145  (1893). 

On  bare  log,  Dec.  16,  1893.     Pure  white,  stipitate,  plane 
.4  to  .6  mm.  asci  clavate  95  to  no  x  7.5  /jl.     Spores  curved 
16  to  25   X  3   to  4  fx,  nuclei   4,   paraphyses   slender.   Short 
Creek  near  the  falls  {Nuttall,  1318). 
H.  HERBARUM   (Pers.)  Fr. 

On  Polymnia  Uvcdalia,  Nov.  15,  1894.  Cups  6  to  12  mm. 
diameter,  stipes  i  to  2  mm.  long.  Asci  55  to  75  x  7.5  to 
10  fi.     Spores  12  to  15  x  2.5  fx  {Nuttall,   1755). 

H.    CONFLUENS    Schw. 

On  dead  logs,  alt.  1,800  ft.    Oct.  20,  1893  {Nuttall,  1213). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  III 

H.  citrinu:m   (Hedw.)  Fr. 

On  wet  dead  log.  Short  Creek,  alt.  i,8oo  ft.  Sept.  12, 
1893  {N  lit  tall,  1201). 

H.  CASTANEUM  SaCC. 

On  leaves  of  Rhododendron  niaxhnimi.     Short  Creek,  alt. 
1,800  ft.     Sept.   12,   1893   {XiittaU,  1206). 
H.  EPHiPHYLLUM   (Pers.)  Fr. 

On   decaying  leaves,   twigs,  etc.      (Sheldon,   3428). 
H.  PHYLLOPHiLUM  Desm. 

On  decaying  leaves  (She/don,  3363). 
H.  FRUCTiGENUM  Rehm. 

On  dead  wood,  leaves,  chestnut  bur  and  acorn  (Sheldon, 
3470). 

H.   FRATERNUM    Peck. 

(Sheldon,  3377). 

PHIALEA   Fr. 
P.  scuTULA  (Pers.)  Gill. 

On  decaying  herbaceous  stems    (SJieldon,  3514). 

P.    CYATHOIDES    (Bull.)    Gill. 

(Sheldon,  3544). 
P.  viRGULTORUM  (Vahl.)  Sacc. 

On  old  grape  twigs  on  wet  ground,  x^sci  105  x  7.5  1.1. 
Spores  18  X  4  ix.  Nov.  i,  1894  (Xnttall,  1735).  (Sheldon, 
1080). 

PSEUDOHELOTIU^I  Fckl. 

P.   FIBRISEDUM    (B.  &  C. )    SaCC. 

On  wet  dead  wood  of  Juglans  cinerea,  Dec.  5,  1894.  Alore 
than  2  mm.  diameter,  margin  ciliate,  red-maculate ;  asci 
oblong  short-stipitate,  total  length  65  x  7.5  fi  (approx.), 
paraphyses  filiform.  Spores  hyaline  i-septate  ( ?)  oblong, 
straight  or  slightly  curved,  12  to  18  x  3  ;u,  (Nuttall,  1764). 

CYATHICULA  De  Not. 

C.  ouisouiLiARis  E.  &  E..  Proc.  Phila.  Acad..  451    (1893). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  racemes  of  Quercus  Prinus,  on 
dead  leaves,  on  rock  in  woods,  April  2,  1893  (Nuttall,  discov. 
941).        _  _ 

Gregarious,  sessile,  i  to  1.5  mm.  diameter,  cup-shaped, 
disk  pale  with  a  tinge  of  brick  color  when  dry.  dull,  dirty- 
white  and  purpuraceo-squamulose  outside,  margin  distinctly 
cleft-toothed  and  incurved  when  dr}'.  Asci  cylindrical,  sub- 
sessile,  55  to  65  X  6  to  7  ju..  with  filiform  paraphyses  scarcely 
thickened  above.  Sporidia  uniseriate,  or  sub-biseriate  above, 
elliptical,  hyaline,  continuous,  6  to  8  x  3  to  4  /^. 


112  THE    WEST    VIRGIXIA    FLORA 

CHLOROSPLENIUM  Fr. 
C.  AERUGiNOSUM   (Oeder)  De  N. 

On  loose  core  inside  dead  tree,  Nov.  6,  1893.  Disk  more 
brilliant  tlian  margin  in  light  and  when  young,  in  shadow 
varying  to  pure  white.  Asci  over  105  x  7.5  fi  total  length, 
spores  guttate  12.5  x  3  /x  {Nuttall,  1235).  On  decaying  log 
{Sheldon,  2063). 
C.  VERSiFORME  (Pers.)   Karst. 

On  rotten  mossy  log.  Short  Creek,  Oct.  28,  1893  (Nxittalh 
1238).     On  decaying  log   (Sheldon,  3045). 

C.    SCHWEINITZII    Fr. 

Top  of  oak  log,  Dec.  10,  1893.  Yellow  in  spring,  green 
in  autumn  and  winter   (Nuttall,  1276). 

MOLLISIA  Fr.  "      . 

M.  Dehnii  (Rabenh.)   Karst. 

On  Potentilla  Monspeliensis,  July  21,  1894  (Nnttall,  1618). 
M.  FiNASTRi  (C.  &  P.)  vSacc. 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  Dec.  3,   1894   (Nnttall,   1763). 
M.  ciNEREA  (P)atsch.)  Karst. 

Pezisa  cinerea  Batsch.  On  decayed  log,  Monongalia  Co., 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).  On  a  decaying  Black  Wal- 
nut log  (Sheldon,  3369). 

PYRENOPEZIZA  Fuckel. 

P.    LACERATA    (C.   &   P.)    SaCC. 

On  Ruhns  odoratus,  May  31,  1894.  Asci  45  to  50  x  5  to 
6  fi.  Spores  8  to  12.5  x  2  to  2.5  ix  (Nuttall,  1529).  On 
Rnhns  odoratus  (Sheldon,  549). 

PSEUDOPEZTZA  Fuckel. 
P.  Trifolii  (Biv.  &  Bernh.)  Fckl. 

On  Trifoliuin  pratense  (Sheldon,  1596). 

P.  Medicaginis  (Lib.)  Sacc. 

On  Medicago  sativa  (Sheldon,  1605). 

TAPESTA  Pers. 
T,  SANGUiNEA  (Pers.)   Fckl. 

On  dead  log,  and  on  Magnolia  Fraseri  and  Juglans  cinerea, 
June  10,  1894  (Nuttall,  1546). 
T.  FUSCA  (Pers.)  Fckl. 

On  rotten  burned  log  Tstiga  Canadensis;  on  dead  rotting 
log  Juglans  cinera,  alt.  1,300  ft.  Asci  45  to  92  x  495  }i 
Spores  8  to  10  X  2  /x.  Short  Creek,  Feb.  2,  1894  (Nuttall, 
1365)- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  II3 

T.  suBicuLATA  (Schw.)  Sacc. 

On  wet  sticks,  June  15  and  Oct.  25,  1893.  Spores  large. 
10  X  3  /;i  (Nuttall,  992). 

LACHNELLA  Fr. 

L.  ViRGiNiCA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila,  Acad.  349  (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  decaying  wood  of  Magnolia  Fraseri, 
Feb.,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1410,  380). 

Gregarious,  sessile,  .75  to  1.2  mm.  diameter.  Disk  pallid, 
concave,  nearly  closed  when  dry,  margin  fringed  with  brown 
septate  hairs,  100  to  125  x  3  /x,  outside  clothed  with  shorter 
reddish-brown  hairs.  Asci  about  50  x  5  jn,  clavate-syhndrical, 
short  stipitate,  paraphysate,  8-spored.  Sporidia  sub-biseriate, 
oblong,  6  to  8  X  1.5  to  2.5  jx. 

TRICHOPEZIZA  Fuckel. 

T. sp. 

Torn  end  of  firm  dead  tree,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft.  Dec. 
16,  1893  (Nuttall,  1326). 
T.  albo-lutea  (Pers.)  Sacc? 

On    rotten    log.    Short    Creek,    June    18,    1893,    stipitate 
(Nuttall,  1013)." 
T.  capitata  (Peck.)   Sacc. 

On  leaves  Oncrcns  pahistris  on  ground  in  woods,  alt.  2,000 
ft.,   June    18,    1893.     At   Rupert's,   July   26,    1894    (Nuttall, 

lOIl). 

DASYSCYPHA  Fr. 
D.  virginea  (Batsch)   Fckl. 

On  dead  sticks  on  wet  cliff,  and  on  wet  dead  wood  of 
Juglans  cinerea,  June  12,  1893   (Nuttall,  841). 
D.  LUTEOLA  (Cun.)   Sacc. 

On  a  stick  (Hartley,  2974). 
D.  Ellisiana  (Rehm.)  Sacc. 

On  Pinus  rigida,  top  of  Cavendish  cliff,  April  8,  1894 
(Nuttall,  1447). 

HELOTIELLA  Sacc. 
H.  Nuttallii  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  351    (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  wet  shady  side  of  rotten  log,  March 
15,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1425,  397). 

Ascomata  gregarious,  sessile,  flat-hemispherical,  .5  to  i 
mm.  diameter,  cup-shaped  when  fresh,  contracted  and  sub- 
spherical  when  dry  with  only  a  small  round  apical  opening, 
orange  color  throughout,  disk  watery-orange,  outside  and 
fringed  margin  paler.    Substance  fibrous,  the  fibers  prolonged 


114  Till-:    WRST    NIRCIMA    FLORA 

above  so  as  to  make  a  marginal  fringe  of  pale  yellow,  rongh- 
ish  straight  hairs.  Asci  clavate-cylinclrical.  sessile,  curved, 
50  to  60  X  5  to  6  fji.  Paraphyses  filiform,  hardly  thickened 
above,  with  a  series  of  orange-colored,  globose  nuclei.  Spo- 
ridia  biseriate,  oblong,  hyaline,  obtuse,  uniseptate,  but  not 
constricted,  8  to  10  x  2.5  to  3  /x.  The  outside  of  the  asco- 
mata  is  slightly  hairy  so  that  the  species  might  be  referred 
to  Solcnpccica  if  that  is  really  worthy  of  generic  distinction. 

DERMATELLA  Karst. 

D.  viTicoLA  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phil.  Acad.,  352  (1894). 

•  Type  habitat:  On  dead  shoots  of  Vitis  (cult.)  Nov.  1893 
{Nuttall,  discov.  1337,  295). 

Sessile,  convex-discoid  and  pale  when  moist,  concave  and 
flesh-color  when  dry,  and  then  scarcely  projecting  above  the 
surface  of  the  bark.  .50  to  .75  mm.  diameter.  Asci  clavate- 
cylindrical,  about  70  x  12  11,  with  filiform  paraphyses,  8- 
spored,  sub-sessile.  Sporidia  sub-biseriate,  oblong  elliptical, 
hyaline,  i  to  3-septate  (3  to  4-nucleate  at  first).  15  to  18  x  6 
to  6.5  IX. 

BELONIDIUM  Mont. 
B.  AURELiA   (Pers.)   DeNot. 

Pcziza  aiircJia,  Pers.  On  a  dead  leaf  in  rotton  log.  Monon- 
galia Co..  at  Little  Falls   {Millspau^h). 

ERINELLA  Sacc. 

E.  MiNiopsis  (Ell.)  Sacc. 

On  wet  rotten  wood.  May,  1893  {Nuttall,  934). 

E.  sp. 

On  Acer  spicatuin   (Sheldon,  2560). 

ASCOBOLACEAE. 

ASCOBOLUS,  Pers. 

A.    FURFURACEUS   PcrS. 

On  old  dung  of  cow,  June  8,  1893  (Nuttall,  974). 
A.  CARBONARius  Karst. 

On  bare  spots  where  logs  were  burned  by  forest  fire  the 
previous  winter,  associated  with  Gcopyxis  carhonaria.  It 
appears  that  only  the  prolonged  burning  of  large  logs  makes 
proper  habitat  for  this  species,  as  it  does  not  grow  where 
the  fire  was  light.     May  20.  1893   (Nuttall,  926). 

ASCOPHANUS   Bond. 

A.    GRANULIFORMTS    (Cv.)     Boud.   ? 

On  dung  of  cow.  Dec,  1893   (Nuttall,  1340,  298). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  II5 

A.  CARNEUS  (Pers.)  Boud. 

On  dung  of  cow,  Oct.  lo,  1893  {Nitttall,  1249,  182). 

DERIMATEACEAE. 

URNULA  Fr. 
U.  CRATERiuM   (Schw.)   Fr. 

On  dead  twigs  on  ground,  Short  Creek,  April  15,  1893 
(Niittall,  898).  On  soil  (Sheldon  70),  and  on  dead  Oak 
branch  lying  on  the  ground  in  a  wood  (McCiitcheon,  3205). 

DERMATEA  Fr. 
D.  Ruci   (Lib.)   Rehm. 

On  Amelanchier  Canadensis  (F.  E.  Brooks,  944). 
D.  Chionanthi  E.  &  E.  ? 

Macrostylospores   of   this    species?   on    Chioiiaiithits    Vir- 
ginica,  Alarch  25,  1894  (Nutfall,  1454,  426). 
D.   LOBATA  Ellis. 

On  the  maculae  of  Pestaioszia  Giiepinii  on  leaves  of  Rho- 
dodendron maxiniuni.  Asci  130  x  12.5  fi  spores  15  x  8  //. 
Aug.   15,   1895   {Niittall,  1162,  132). 

TYMPANIS  Tode. 
T.  OxYDENDRi  E.  &  E.,  Proc.  Phila.  Acad.,  352   (1894). 

Type  habitat  :  On  dead  limbs  of  Oxydendron  arboreum, 
Dec.  12,  1893  (Niittall  discov.,  1296,  258). 

Cespitose,  3  to  5  together,  erumpent,  at  length  deciduous, 
black  .5  to  .75  mm.  diameter,  contracted  below  into  a  short 
thick  stipe,  margin  subundulate.  Asci  cylindrical  no  to 
130  X  15  to  18  /i.  including  the  short  stipe.  Paraphyses  slen- 
der, abundant,  Sporidia  numerous,  minute,  oblong,  hyaline 
or  yellowish  2.5  to  3  x  i  fi.  Allied  to  T.  fasciculata,  but  asci 
larger  and  sporidia  smaller. 
T.  coNSPERSA  Fries. 

On  Apple  trees   (Sheldon,  85,  511,  909). 

CENANGELLA  Sacc. 
C.  AcERis   (Hazsl.)    Sacc. 

On  bark  of  dying  Acer  nibrnni,  June  10.  1894.  Sporidia 
15  x6/x  (A^H^fa//,  1554). 

SCLERODERRIS  Fr. 
S,   RiTABARBARiNA  (Bcrk.)  E.  &  E. 

On  Rubns  Baileyaniis,  Dec.  8.  1893,  Short  Creek.  Asci 
total  length  63  to  75  x  17  to  21  /x,  8-spored.  clavate,  very 


Il6  THE    WKSr    \1RGIN1A    FLORA 

short  stipitate.     Spores  20  to  27  x  6  to  7.5  /x,  nucleate,  be- 
coming-   clearly  3-septate    and    rather    one-sided     {Nuttall, 
1294,  242). 
S.  PALLiDULA   (Cooke)    Sacc. 

On  dead  branches  and  bark  of  Acer  saccharimun,  L.,  Feb. 
26,  1894.  On  Oxydendron  arbor eum.  Sporidia  20  to  22  x 
7  |U  (Nuttall,  1408,  665). 

B  U  L  G  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

LEOTIA  Hill. 
L.  i.uBRicA  (Scop.)   Pers. 

On  ground,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Short  Creek,  Aug.  14,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1 150).     On  earth   (Sheldon,  3049,  3462,  3463). 

ORBILIA  Fr. 
O.  RUBELLA   (Pers.) 

On    decorticated   log,   Liriodeiidrnn    Tulif^ifera,   Sept.    19, 
1895   (Nuttall,  1858,748). 
O.  \iNosA  (A.  &  S.)  Karst. 

On  Poria  spissa,  Nov.  6,  1893  (Nuttall,  1261). 
O.  LUTEO-RUBELLA  (Nyl.)  Karst. 

On  decaying  wood   {Sheldon,  3047). 
O.  OCCULTA   (Rehm)   Sacc. 

On  dead  log,  Aug.  20,  1893  (Nuttall,  1202). 
O.  cocciNELLA  (Somm.)  Karst. 

On  dead  log  Juglans  cinerea,  Short  Creek,  July  25,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1 1 34,  663). 
O.  Xanthostigma  Fr. 

On  decorticated  limbs  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Sept.  1895  (Nutt- 
all, 1855,  742,  743). 

BULGARIA   Fr. 

B.  INOUINANS  (Pers.)  Fr. 

In  clefts  of  bark  of  trees  and  railroad  ties,  Oct.  10,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1210). 

SARCOSMA  Gasp. 
S.  RUFUM  (L.  &  S.)  Rehm. 

On  dead  Beech  branches  in  woods   (Sheldon,  3279). 

CORYNE  Tul. 

C.  URNALis  (Nyl.)   Sacc. 

On  rotting  log  Fagus  atropunicea;  under  bark  of  Qiiercus 
alba  log,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  ( Millspaugh). 
On  wet  mossy  logs,  alt.  1,800  ft.  and  over,  Oct.  10,  1893 
(Nuttall,  1 2 12,  167). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  II7 

C.  SARCOiDES  (Jacq.)  Tul. 

On   decaying  log    {Sheldon,    14 14,   3186,   3189). 

HOLWAYA  Sacc. 

H.  oPHiOBOLus  (Ellis)   Sacc. 

On  bark  of  dead  Magnolia  Fraseri,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Dec.  16, 
1893,  Short  Creek  (Nnttall,  1323,  279). 

S  T  I  C  T  A  C  E  AE  . 

PROPOLIS  Fr. 
P.  FAGiNEA  (Schrad.)  Karst. 

On  Juglans  cinerea   and   on   old   board   of  Liriodendron 
Tulipifera,  Dec.  5,  1894   {Nuttall,  1765,  660).     On  Liquid- 
amber  StyraciUua. 
P.  Leonis  (Tul.)  Rehm. 

On  bark  of  Pinus  rigida  and  Virgiiiiana,  June  31,   1894 
(Nnttall,  1 581). 

STICTIS  Pers. 

S.    FIMBRIATA    ScllW. 

On  strobiles  of  Finns  Virgiiiiana,  alt.  2,000  ft.,   March, 
1894  (Nnttall,  1468,  443).     Sporidia  5  to  7  x  1.5  ju,. 

PHACIDIACEAE. 

RHYTISMA  (Pers.)  Fr. 
R.  PUNCTATUM  (Pers.)  Fr. 

On   leaves   of  Acer  Fennsyh'anicnm,   alt.   2,000   ft.,   Oct. 
22,    1893    (Nnttall,    1217,    168).     On   Acer  spicatnm,   Ran- 
dolph: near  Cheat  Bridge  (Sheldon). 
R.   UECOLORANS  Fr. 

On  Xolisnia  lignstrina,  at  Rupert's,  July  26,  1894  (Nuttall, 

1638,  569). 
R.  ACERiNUM   (Pers.)  Fries. 

On  Acer  rnhrum,  Preston  :  near  Rohr,  and  Randolph  :  near 
Cheat  Bridge;  on  Acer  saccharum,  Monongalia:  near  Mor- 
gantown  (Sheldon). 
R.  Prini  Schwein. 

On  leaves  of  Ilex  verticillata,  at  Rupert's,  Sept.  7,  1894 
(Nuttall,  i6yy). 

PATELLARIACEAE. 
DURELLA  Tul. 

D.  COMMUTATA    Fckl. 

On  dead  log.  Short  Creek,  Dec.  16,  1893  (Nuttall,  1328) 


Il8  THE    WEST    \IRGIx\lA    FLORA 

LECANIDION   Rabenh. 
L.  ATRATUM   (Hedw.)  Rabenh. 

On  Aralia  spinosa,  Feb.   17,   1894.     Sporidia  50  x  12.5  ix 
{Nnttall,  1390,  359). 
L.  Hamamelidis   (Peck)   Sacc. 

On  bark  of  H amamelis  Virghiica.  Sporidia  i  to  3-septate 
when  mature.     Dec.  18,  1894  {Nuttall,  i'/'/2). 

G  Y  M  N  O  A  S  C  A  C  E  AE  . 

EXOASCUS  Fckl. 
E.  DEFORATANS   (Berk.)   Fckl. 

Taphrina  deformans  Tul.     On  leaves  of  Ainygdalns  Per- 
sica,  Jefferson  Co.,  near  Charlestown  (Millspaugh). 
E.  Pruni  Fckl. 

Taphrina  Pruni  Tuj.  On  fruits  of  Priiiitis  douiestica, 
Monongalia  Co.,  at  Morgantown  {Mills paugJi). 

HYSTERIACEAE. 
GLOxNIUM  Muehl. 

G.    STELLATUM    Muchl. 

On  rotten  oak  plank,  and  on  Sassafras  Sassafras,  July  28, 
1893  {Ktittall  1 128).    On  wood  fence,  Dellslow  ;  on  Juglans 
nigra,  Preston,  near  Albright  {Sheldon) . 
G.  PARVULUM   (Ger.)   Sacc. 

On  fence  rails  Castanea  dentata,  April  20,  1894  {Nnttall, 
1496). 
G.  siMULANS  Ger. 

On  old  fence  rails,  alt.  2.000  ft.,  ]\Iarch  16,  1894.  Asci 
75  X  7.5  to  10  II.  Spores  13  to  18  x  5  /x.  On  Junglans 
cinerea,  asci  65  x  10  ju,;  spores  12  to  15  x  4  to  5  /^  {Nnttall. 

1415)- 

HYSTERIUM  Tod. 
H.  Kalmiae  Schw.? 

On  dead  Kalinia  latifolia,  Nov.,  1893  {Nuttall,  1287,  232). 

HYSTEROGRAPHIUM  Corda. 
H.  iNsiDENS   (Schw.)   Sacc. 

On  old  fence  rails,  April  6,  1894.    Largest  spores  43  x  7.5 
/-t,  ii-septate  {Nuttall,  1452). 
H.  suBRUGOSUM  (C.  &  E.)  Sacc. 

On  old  fence  rails.  May  26,  1894.     Spores  33  to  35  x  12.5 
fi  {Nuttall,  1522). 
ri.  MoRT  (Schw.)  Rehm. 

On  old  fence  rails,  April  6.  1894  (Nuttall,  1451). 


WEST    \-lRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SUR\'EY  IIQ 

HYPODERMA  DC. 
H.  Desmazieri  DuBy. 

On  living  leaves  of  Piiiiis  echinata.  Wood  Co.,  near 
Lockhart's  Run   (MiUspatcgh). 

H.    VIRGULTORUM    DC. 

On  Riibiis  Bailcyattus,  Dec.  5,  1893   (Nitttall,  1293). 
H.  COMMUNE  (Fr.)   Duby. 

On  Hydrangea  arborcscens,  Nov.  3,  1893  (Nuttall,  1259) 
On  old  petioles  Aralia  spinosa  (Nuttall,  1830,  719). 

LOPHODERMIUM   Chev. 
L.  Rhododendri   (Schw.) 

On    Rhododendron    maximum,    Sept.    4,    1893    (Nuttall. 
1192).     Boone:  near  Lick  Run   (Sheldon.) 
L.  PiNASTRi  (Schrad.)  Chev. 

On   leaves   of  Piniis  rigida,   Short   Creek,   Aug.   2,    1893 
(Nuttall,  1 1 58). 
L.  culmigenum   (Fr.)   Karst. 

On  straw  brought  in  from  Ohio,  May  24,  1894.  Measure- 
ments of  asci  and  spores  prove  to  be  the  same  as  those  of 
L.  arundinaceum   (Schrad.)   Chev.   (Nuttall,  1496). 

OSTROPA  Fr. 
O.  ciNEREA   (Pers.)   Fr.  ? 

Issuing  from  cracks  in  a  decorticated  log,  May  31,  1894 
(Nuttall,  1526). 

A  G  A  R  I  C  A  C  E  AE  . 
AMANITA  Pers. 

A.    VERNA   Fr. 

On  ground  in  open  woods,  July  11,  1893.     Spores  round, 
7.5  iu  (Nuttall,  964). 
A.   MuscARiA  Linn. 

Rooted  on  buried  limb  of  Betula  Icnta,  Grant  Co.,  near 
Bayard   ( MiUspaugh ) . 

An  ecarunculate  form,  apparently  of  this  species,  on  leaf 
mold  in  deep  woods,  same  locality. 

A.    MUSCARIA  ALBA    Peck. 

On   ground   in   laurel   thicket.   Short   Creek,   alt.   2,000   ft. 
Has  the  odor  of  buttermilk.    Spores  9  x  6  /x  (Nuttall,  1131). 
A.  FLAvo-RUBENS  Berk. 

On  ground  in  woods,  Short  Creek,  lulv  6,  1893  (Nuttall, 
1078).^ 
A.  polypyra:mis  B.  &  C. 

Among  bushes,  alt.  2,400  ft.,  July  6,  1893.     Largest  stipes 


I20  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

15  cm.  long,  thick,  heavy  and  deep  in  ground.     Pileus   15 
cm.  broad.     Spores  10  x  6  ;u,  (N it t tall,  iioi). 
A.  Caesarea  Scop. 

Preston:  common  near  Brookside   (Bcardslee). 

A.    PHALLOIDES  Fr. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
A.  Frostii  Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

A.    VERNA   Bulk 

Preston:  very  common  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

A.    STROBILIFORMIS  Vitt. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

A.    SOLITARIA   Bull 

Preston :  near  Brookside.  Specimens  and  photographs 
secured  illustrate  both  this  and  the  preceding  species  as  they 
are  understood  in  the  United  States.  They  are  listed  here 
in  spite  of  the  fact  that  their  status  is  unsatisfactory.  Most 
of  our  A.  solitaria  is  referred,  by  European  Mycologists,  to 
A.  echinocephala  Vitt. — Bcardslee. 
A.    VlTTADINI    Fr. 

Preston :  near  Brookside.  I  believe  this  simply  a  w^ell 
marked  form  of  A.  echinocephala  Vitt.  My  specimens  and 
photographs  have  been  carefully  verified  and  show  the 
species,  such  as  it  is,  to  be  certainly  West  Virginian. — ■ 
Bcardslee. 

A.    RUBESCENS   Pcrs. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
A.  SPRETA  Peck. 

Preston:   near   Brookside.      A.    cinerea   Bres.   is   identical 
with  this  although  our  plants  much  exceed  the  limits  set  by 
Bresadola.     It  is  extremely  variable,  a  pure  white  form  being 
especially  noteworthy. 
A.  SPRETA  PARVA  Bcardslec.  var.  nov. 

Pileus  I  to  1.5  in.  broad,  thin,  almost  membraneous,  deeply 
sulcate-striate.  Stipe  slender,  about  2  in.  tall.  Annulus  me- 
dian.   Spores,  color  and  volva  as  in  A.  spreta. 

An  interesting  form,  found  growing  in  colonies,  in  gravel 
high  up  on  the  mountain  near  Brookside,  Preston  Coimty. 
Both  Peck  and  Bresadola  are  inclined  to  consider  it  a  dis- 
tinct species. 

LEPIOTA  (P.  Browne)  S.  F.  Gray. 

L.    PROCERA   Scop. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
L.    NAUCINA   Fr. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  121 

L.  Americana  Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee) . 
L.  cristata  (Bolt.)  Quel 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslce). 
L.  AcuTisouAMOSA  Weini. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

L.    CLYPEOLARIA   BuU. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

L.    METULAESPORA   B.   &   Br. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

L.    AMIANTHINA  Scop. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee) . 

POLYMYCES  Batt. 
P.  ciNEREUs  Batt  {Agarictis  melleus  Vahl.) 

ArmiUaria  mellea  Quel    Preston  :  near  Brookside  {Bcards- 
lee). 

AMANITOPSIS  Roze. 
A.  NIVALIS   (Grev.)   Sacc. 

In  loam  on  rocks  in  laurel  tangle,  June  26,  1893  {Nuttall. 
1004). 

A.    STRANGULATA    Fr. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

VAGINATA   (Nees)    S.  F.  Gray. 
V.  Vaginata  (Bull.)   Merrill. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

AMANITELLA  Earle. 

A.  FARiNOSA  (Schw.)  Earle.  {Amanita  farinosa  Schw.) 

Preston;  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

TRICHOLOMA  Fr. 

T.    FUMOSO-LUTEUM   Pcck  ? 

On    unknown    substance,    June    15,    1893,    Short    Creek 
{Nuttall,  990). 
T.  AURANTiA  Schaeff. 

Preston :    near    Brookside.      This    is    certainly    T.    Peckii 
Howe.    Our  plant  does  not  agree  rigidly  with  the  description 
but   it  corresponds   exactly  with   the  plant   as   it  grows   in 
Sweden,  where  I  have  collected  it. — Bcardslee. 
T.  GRAVE  Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

MONOMYCES  Batt. 

M.  RUTiLENS   (Shaeff.)    Batt.       {TricJioloma  rutilens  Schaeff.) 
Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 


122         .  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CLITOCYBE  Fr. 
C.  iLLUDENS  Schwein. 

On  old  stumps  in  clusters  of  about  eip;ht,  dark  and  deep 
rich  orange  color  throughout,  -|-  20  cm.  x  -{-  12  cm.  broad 
stipe  +  25  mm.  thick.  Spores  -{-  6  jj.  diameter,  uneven. 
July  14,  1893  {Nuttall,  1093). 

C.    LACCATA    Scop. 

Common  in  wet  sand,  bank  of  Short  Creek,  alt.  2,000  ft.. 
Jul}-   28,    1893.      Spores    10  /x   diameter,   echinate    (Nuttall, 
1 124). 
C.  NEBULARis  Batsch. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beanislee). 

C.    ODORA    Bull. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
C.  CERUSSATA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
C.  c.\NDic;vNS  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

C.    DEALBATA  Sow. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

C.    INFUNDIBULIFORMIS    Schacff. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
C.  cvAiHiFORMis  Frics. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

COLLYBIA  Fr. 

C.    PLATYPHYLLA    Fr. 

On  mold  and  moss  on  trunk  of  tree,  Short  Creek,  June 
15,  1893  (Nuttall,  981). 

C.    CONIGENOIDES  ElHs. 

On  last  year's  cones  Ma^^iiolia  Frascri,  Sept.  18,  1895 
(Nuttall,  1848). 

C.   DRYOPHILA  Bull. 

In  moss  on  log  in  deep  woods.  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard 
(Millspaugh). 

C.    MACULATA   A.    &    S. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

C.    BUTYRACEA    Bull. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee) . 

C.    CONFLUENS   PcrS. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 
C.  ciRRHATA  Schum. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Bcardslee). 

CRINIPELLUS  Pat. 
C.  STiPiTARiA  (Fries.)  Pat.  (CoUybia  stipitaria  Fr.). 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I23 

COLLYBIDIUM  Earle. 

C.  \ELUTiPES  (Curt.)  Earle.  (Collybia  vehitipes  Cnrt.) 

About  roots  of  rotting  stumps,  Jan.  31,  1895  {Nuttall, 
830).     Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee) . 

GYMNOPUS  Rouss. 
G.  RADicATA    (Relh.)    Rouss.  {Collybia  radicata  Relh.). 

On  leaf  mold  in  rich  woods,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Mor- 
gantown  (Millspaugh).  May  17,  1893  (Nuttall,  gSo).  Pres- 
ton: near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

MYCENA  Fr. 

M. ~sp. 

White.     On  mossy  stump,  July  4,   1893   (Nuttall,  1019). 

M.    GALERICULATA    Scop. 

In  rich  woods  under  oak  twig,  and  oak  bark  on  log, 
Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).  On  damp 
dead  logs.  May  7,  1893  (Nuttall,  930). 

M.    EPIPTERYGIA   Scop. 

On  moss-covered  log  and  in  clefts  of  bark,  Feb.  28,  1893 
(Nuttall,  948). 

M.    RUBRO-MARGINATA  FricS. 

Preston:  on  Hemlock  cones  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 
M.  PURA  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.   FILOPES  Bull. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  HAEMATOPA  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  GALOPA  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  VULGARIS  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  TENERRiMA  Berk. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  coRTicoLA  Schum. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

O^IPHALIA  Fr. 

O.    CAMPANELLA    Batsch. 

Oh  leaf  mold  at  base  of  Castanca  dentata,   Preston  Co., 
near  Terra  Alta    (Millspaugh).     On  rotten  log  in  thicket, 
June  18,  1893  (Nuttall,  1009). 
O.  CHR^soPHYLLA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
O.  STELLATA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 


124  TIl^    \VF,ST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

O.  FIBULA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

PLEUROTUS  Fr. 

P.    CORTICATUS   Fr.  ? 

On  fallen  ^-Iccr  sp.     Gills  not  anastomosing,  July  28,  1893 
(N  lit  tall,  1 1 23). 
P.  SAPiDus  Kalchbr. 

On  dead  log,  Feb.  2,  1893  {Nuttall,  850). 
P.  SEROTINUS  Schrad. 

On  dead  trunks,  Nov.  20,  1893  {Nuttall,  1267). 
P.  CYPHELLiFORMis  Berk. 

On   dead   stems   of   Polymnia    Uvedalia,    Nov.    15,    1894 
{Nuttall,  1742). 
P.    NIGER  Fr. 

.    On  bark  of  dead  tree,  May  13,  1893  {Nuttall,  953). 
P.  PETALOiDES  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 

HYGROPHORUS  Fr. 

H.    NITIDUS   B.   &   C. 

On  decayed  log.  May  14,  1893  {Nuttall,  968). 
H.  PRATENSis  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  viRGiNEUs  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
H.  LAETUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  CERACEUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  cocciNEUs  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  MiNiATUs  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  coNicus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
H.  psiTTAciNus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 

LACTARIA  Pers. 

L.  ciLicioiDES  Fries. 

On  border  of  woods  and  swamp,  July  4,   1893    {Nuttall, 
1020). 
L.  PiPERATA  (L.)  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 

L.    PERGAMENA    (Sw.)    FriCS. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I25 

L.  GLAucESCENs(Crossl.)  Bcardslce  comb.nov.  {Lactarius Crossl.) 
Preston :  rather  rare  near  Brookside  but  doubtless  occurs 
in  the  southern  mountains  quite  generally.  This  species  was 
observed,  studied,  and  noted  under  a  temporary  name.  Tht 
peculiar  glaucous-green  color  assumed  by  the  latex  wai 
different  from  anything  before  observed.  My  plants  should 
certainly  be  referred  to  this  species,  which  has  since  been 
published.  It  has  possibly  been  confused  with  L.  vellereus 
which  it  resembles. 
L.  \ELLERA  Fries 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  INSULSA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  TRivALis  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  DELiciosA  (L.)  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  Indigo  (Schw.)  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  PLiNTiiOGALA  (Otto)  Burl.  (LacJariiisfidigiiiosusFr.) 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  LACTiFLUA  (L.)   Burl.  (Lactarius  vol  emus  Fr.^, 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  HVDROPiPEROiDES  Berk.  &  Curt. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  suBDULcis  (Pers.)  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

RUSSULA  Pers. 

R.    EMETICA  Fr.  ? 

In  woods,  July  4,  1893  (Nut tall,  1021). 
R.  NIGRICANS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
R.  ADUSTA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
R.  DELicA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 
R.  FURCATA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
R.  FRAGiLis  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
R.  viRESCENS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 


126  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CANTHARELLUS  Adans. 

C.  MINOR  Peck? 

On  ground  in  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  July  4,  1893  (Nnttall, 
1023). 

C.  Wrightii   Berk? 

Wet  sand  of  river  bank  in  shade,  July  18,  1893.  Whole 
plant  light  red  except  gills,  which  are  little  deeper  red  than 
salmon-color,  gills  decurrent,  veined  between,  pileus  more 
convex  than  plane,  and  depressed  edge  wavy,  rather  tough 
Largest  4  cm.  broad,  stem  5  cm.  high,  5  mm.  thick.  Spore? 
7.5  to  8.5  X  3.5  to  5  /x,  apparently  rough  and  guttulate  in- 
ward {Nuttall,  1 104). 

C.    lUBAEFORMIS    Fr.  ? 

On   rotten   wood   in   woods,   alt.    2,000   ft.,    julv   4,    1893 
{Nuttall,  1022).  ■ 

C.  FLOccosus  Schw. 

On  open  bank  of  stream  in  laurel  thicket,  alt.  2,000  ft., 

June  20,   1893.     Largest  squamules  .75  cm.  long,  thick  and 

triangular,   forming  a  cone  which  clones  the   funnel   below 

the  top  an  inch  or  more.     Spores  15  x  7.5  /x  {Nuttall,  992). 

C.  ciBARius  Fries.     ♦ 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
C.  AURANTiAcus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslce). 
C.  iNFUNDiBULiFORMis  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   {  Bcardslee). 
C.  ciNNABARiNUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  BrooksiBe  (Bcardslce). 

NYCTALIS  Fr. 

N.  ASTEROPHORA  Fr. 

On  dead  Agaric  in  deep  damp  woods,  July  14,  1893.    Stars 
20  fi  diameter  {Nuttall,  1096). 

MARASMIUS  Fr. 

M.    SEMIHIRTIPES    Pcck. 

On  dead  leaves,  sticks,  etc..   Short  Creek,  IMay   14,   1893 
{Nuttall,  967). 
M.  ERYTHROPUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslce). 
M.  scoRODONius  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
M.  FOETiDus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc) . 
M.  ANDROSACEUS  Frics. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc) . 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  12/ 

M.  SPLANCKNOIDES  Frics. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  PERFORANS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  INSTITITUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  EPiPi-iYLLus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
M.  opAcus  B.  &  C. 

Common,  on  dead  branches  Rhododendron  maximum^ 
Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard   (Mills pan gli). 

M.    CAMPANULATUS  Peck. 

On  dead  leaves  and  sticks  in  damp  woods,  Short  Creek, 
alt.  1,300  ft.,  An^.  16,  1893  (Nnttall,  1153). 
M.  ROTULA  (Scop.)  Fr. 

On  dead  limb  of  Betnla  lenta.  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard 
(Millspaitgh).  On  stick  in  open  woods,  June  8,  1893 
(Nut fall,  972). 

COLLYBIOPSIS  (Schroet.)  Earle. 
C.  RAMEALis  (Fr.)  Earle.  (Marasiniits  raniealis  Fr.) 

Very  common  on  twigs  and  leaves  in  laurel  thickets,  June 
15,  1893  (Nuttall.  994). 

SCORTEUS  Earle. 
S.  OREADES  (Fries)  Earle.  (Marasiiiins  orcades  Fr. ) 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

TAPINIA   (Fries)   Karst. 
T.  PANUOiDES  (Fries).  (Pa.villns  panuoides  Fr.) 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

LENTODIUM  Morg. 
L.  SQUAMOSUM    (Huds.)   Murrill.  (Lenthius  lepideus  Fr.) 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

LENTINUS  Fr. 
L.  STRiGosus  Fr. 

On  dead  log  Betnla  liitea.  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard  (Mills- 
pangh).   On  dead  logs,  common.  May  6,  1893  (Nuttall,  904). 
L.  CRiNiTus  (L.)  Fries. 

On  Aecr  saceliarnni,  ]\lonongalia,  near  Lick  Run  (Shel- 
don). 

PANUS  Fr. 
P.  STiPTicus  (Bull.)   Fr. 

On  fallen  dead  limb,  Jan.  29.  1893  (Nuttall,  050). 


128  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.    DORSALIS    BOSC. 

On  Tsiiga  Canadensis,  Sept.,   1893   {Nuttall,   1253,   196). 
P.  coNCiiATUs  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslee). 

TROGIA    Fr. 
T.  CRISPA  (Pers.)   Fr. 

On  various  dead  dry  loj^s  and  limbs,  March  21.  1893 
{Nuttall,  875). 

LENZITES. 
L.  EETULiNA  (Linn.)   Fr. 

On  logs.  Sept.  6,  1893  {Nuttall,  837).     Monongalia:  Lick 
Run   {Sheldon). 
L.  ABIETINA    (Bull.)    Fr. 

On  dead  branches  Tsuga  Canadensis,  alt.  1,600  ft.,  Dec. 
^5>  1893  (Nuttall,  1301). 

L.    CORRUGATA   Klot. 

On  Castanea  deutata,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Dec.  19,  1893  {Nuttall, 
1302). 

GLOEOPHYLLUM  Karst. 
G.  HiRSUTUM    (Schaefif.)    Murrill.  {Lensites  sepiaria   Fr.). 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  Monongalia,  near  Dellslow  and  on 
Fraxinus,  near  Ringgold ;  on  spruce  log,  Pocahontas,  Spruce 
Mountain,  alt.  4,000  ft.  {Sheldon) .  On  decorticated  stumps 
Picea  Mariana,  Tucker  Co.,  near  Falls  of  Blackwater  ( Mills- 
paugh ) . 

A  resupinate  form  on  dead  logs  Tsuga  Canadensis  Grant 
Co. 
G.  TRABEUM    (Pers.)   Murrill. 

On  Acer  saccharum,  Monongalia  :  near  Lick  Run  and  Mor- 
gantown    {Sheldon). 

SCHIZOPHYLLUM   Fr. 

S.    COMMUNE  Fr. 

On  bark  log  Qucrcus  alba,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard.     On 
dead  twig  Pyrus  Malus,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
{Millspaugh) .     On  dead  logs,  Jan.  30,  1893   {Nuttall,  827). 
S.  ALNEUM   (L.)   Schroet. 

On  Acer,  Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades  (Sheldon). 

VOLVARL^  Fr. 
V.  BOMBYCiNA  (Pcrs.)   Fr. 

On  dead  insect  sp.  ?  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
{Millspaugh). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I2q 

V.  HYPOPiTA  Fries. 

Preston :  near  Brookside.  This  is  the  only  Volvaria  I 
have  detected  in  West  Virginia.  It  is  the  plant  commonly 
referred  to  V.  pubescentipes  Pk.  Aly  specimens  have  been 
verified  by  Bresadola  and  I  am  confident  they  are  correct. — 
Beardslee. 

PLUTEUS  Fries. 
P.  CERViNUS  (Schaefif.)  Quel. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 

P.    ADMIRABILIS    Pcck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

P.    LONGISTRIATUS   Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

ENTOLOMA  (Fries)  Quel. 

E.  SERiCELLA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
E.  RHODOPOLiA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
E.  STRiCTiOR  Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
E.   SERICEA  Bull. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

CLITOPILUS    Fr. 

C.  ABORTIVUS   Fr. 

Wet  woods,  alt.   i,8oo  ft.,  aborted  specimens  in  quantity, 
Sept.  4,   1893   (Nnffall,   1190). 
C.  PRUNULus  Scop. 

Preston:  common  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 
C.   ORCELLA  Bull. 

Preston:  common  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

NOLANEA  (Fries)  Quel. 

N.  PASCUA  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
N.  MAMMOSA  Linn. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee) . 

LEPTONIA  (Fries)  Quel. 

L.  SERRULATA  Pers.  * 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
L.  ASPERELLA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 


130  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CLAUDOPUS  (W.  G.  Smith)  Gillet. 
C.  VARIABILIS  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   {Bcardslec). 
C.  BvssisEDUs  Pers. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 

PHOLIOTA  (Fries)  Quel. 
P.  EREBiA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
P.  CANDicANS  (Bull)  Scliroet.  (P.  praecox  Pers.). 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
P.  ADiPOSA  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 
P.  MUTABiLis  Schaeff. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  {Beardslee). 

ROZITES  Karst. 
R.  CAPERATA  (Pers.)  Karst.  {Pholiota  caperata  Pers.). 

Preston:  common  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

FLAMMULA  (Fries)   Quel 
F.  FLAviDA  Schaeff. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

NAUCORIA  (Fries)  Quel 
N.  FESTivA  Fries. 

Preston :  near  Brookside.     A  photograph  of  this  curious 

plant  was  secured   and  seems  to  be  correctly  placed.     The 

glutinous  pileus  and  long  rooting  stipe  are  very  marked — 

Beardslee. 

N.  SEMiORBicuLARis  (BuU.)  Qucl  (N.  pediades  Fr.). 

Preston:  common  in  lawns  near  Brookside    (Beardslee). 

CONOCYBE  Fayod. 
C.  TENER  (Schaeff.)   Fayod.  (Gal era  tciier  Schaeff.). 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
C.  HYPNORUM  fBatsch.)  Murrill.       (Galcra  hypnornrn  Batsch.). 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 

TUBARIA  (W.  G.  Smith)   Gillet. 

T.    FURFURACEA    PcrS. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 

'    CREPIDOTUS  (Nees.)   S.  F.  Gray. 
C.  CALOLEPis  Fries. 

Preston :   near   Brookside.      This   is   the   plant   commonly 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I3I 

referred  to  C.  fiilvotomentosus  Peck.  Fries'  description  does 
not  well  apply  to  our  plant,  but  the  Swedish  plant  referred 
to  this  species  is  identical  with  ours.  I  found,  in  Sweden, 
specimens  nearly  three  times  the  dimensions  given  by  Fries 
and  differing  in  no  way  from  specimens  collected  in  West 
Virginia  and  in  North  Carolina — Bcavdslee. 

C.    APPLANATUS   Pcrs. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 

C.    MALACHIUS   B.   &   C. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  ( Bcardslce). 
C.    PUTRIGENUS  B.  &  C. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Beardslec). 
C.  VERsuTus  Peck 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 

C.    HERBARUM    Pcck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

CORTINARIUS   fPers.)   Roussel. 
C.  CAERULESCENS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
C.  PURPURASCENS  Frics. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

C.    RODES    B.    &   C. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
C.  vioLACEus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
C.  PHOLiDEus  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslce). 
C.  ciNNAMOMEus  Frics. 

Preston:  near  Brookside  (Bcardslcc). 
C.  TORVUS  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslce). 

C.    ARMILLATUS    FricS. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

PAXILFUS  Fries. 
P.  IN\T)LUTUS  (Batsch)  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

P.    ATRAMENTOSUS  FricS. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

VENENARIUS  Earle. 
V.  MUSCARius  (Fries)  Earle.  (Agaricns  ninscarius  Fr.) 

AGARICUS  Linn. 
A.  Rodman  I  Peck. 

On  ground,  June  28,   1893   (N  tit  fall,   1005). 


132  THE    WEST    \TRGINIA    FLORA 

A.  CAMPESTER  Linn. 

On  lawn,  June  24,  1893   {Nuttall,   1002). 
A.   SIL\'  KOLA  Vitt. 

In    woods,    Short    Creek,   alt.    1,150   ft.    {Nuttall,    1699). 
Spores  5  to  7  X  3  to  4  |U,. 
A.  siLVATicus  Schsefif. 

In  woods,  Short  Creek,  July  2,  1893  {Nnttall,  1117). 
A.  ARVENSis  Linn. 

Preston:  near  I)rookside   (Bcardslcc). 

A.    PLACOMYCES   Pcck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslee). 
STROPHARIA  Fr. 

S.    STERCORARIA  Fr. 

On   decayino-  vegetable  matter,    Preston   Co.,   near  Terra 
Alta  ( Mills paugh). 
S.  SEMiGLOBATA  (Batsch.)   Quel. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   {Bcardslcc). 

HYPHOLOMA   Fr. 

H.    SUBLATERITIUM    Schseff. 

Under   bark    log^   Fraxinus  Aiiicricana,    Mononq-alia    Co., 
near  Morgantown   (Millspaugh). 

H.    ELAEODES    Fr.  ? 

On  sticks  on  ground,   May    18.    1893    {Nnttall,  858). 

H.    FASCICULARIS    Huds. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslee). 
H.  LACHRYMABUNDA  Fries. 

Preston :  near  Brookside.  The  plants  referred  here,  with 
some  misgivings,  were  found  growing  in  large  masses  com- 
prised of  a  great  number  of  individuals,  resembling  in  num- 
ber and  scaly  appearance  Cooke's  figure  of  H.  storea  Fr.  I 
have  never  seen  it  since — Bcardslcc. 
H.  Candolleana  Fries. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 
H.  appendiculatum  (Bull.)  Quel. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Bcardslcc). 

COPRINUS  Pers. 
C.  variegatus  Peck? 

On  stick  in  shady  place,  Aug.   11,   1893   (Nuttall,   1143V 
C.  micaceus  (Bull)  Fr. 

On  bases  of  stumps  in  woods,  July  8,  1893  (Nuttall,  1081). 
C.  DOMESTicus  (Pers.)  Fr. 

In   woods   on  mixture  of   manure   and   leaf   mold.     June 
29,  1893   (Nuttall.  1007). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 33 

C.    SEMILANATUS    Peck  ? 

In  heavily  manured  asparagus  bed  in  garden,  Apr.  29, 
1893    {Nut tall,  903). 

C.    EPHEMERUS    Fr. 

On  horse  dung,  July  2,   1893    (Nuttall,   1113). 

C.    ANGULATUS    Peck. 

On  baked  soil  where  log  had  been  burned,  with  Pccica 
carhonaria.  May  8,  1893   {Nuttall,  932). 

PANAEOLUS    Fr. 
P.  CAMPANULATUS  Linn. 

On  cow  dung  in  deep  coniferous  woods,  Grant  Co.,  near 
Bayard  (Millspaugh).     Plentiful  on  manured  lawn,  j\Iay  8, 
1893,  (Nuttall,  933). 
P.  soLiDiPES  Peck. 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 

PSATHYRELLA  Karst. 

P.    DISSEMINATA    Pers.  ? 

In  rotten  mold  about  the  base  of  a  stump,  a  mass  about 
I  meter  containing  perhaps  thousands  of  specimens.  Speci- 
mens 3  to  5  cm.  high,  thin,  fleshless.  Pileus  i  cm.  broad, 
8  mm.  high,  slightly  umbonate,  sulcate  striate,  mealy,  gray, 
stems  white,  smooth  i  mm.  thick,  at  first  slightly  furfura- 
ceous.  Largest  stems  6  cm.,  broadest  pileus  18  mm.  Spores 
6  to  10  X  3  to  5  ;U,  (Nuttall,  1 189).     Sept.  3,  1893. 

POLYPORACFAE. 

GYROPORUS  Quel. 
G.  CYANESCENS   (Bull.)  Ouel.  (Boletus  cyanesccns  Bull.). 

Bare  soil  and  on  clay  banks  along  roads.  Preston,  near 
Brookside    (Beardslee). 

TYLOPILUS  Karst. 
T.  GRACILIS  (Peck)  p.  Henn.  (Boletus  gracilis  Peck). 

Preston,  near  Brookside  (Beardslee). 
T.  ALBOASTER    (Schw.)    Murrill.  (Boletus  nigrellus   Peck). 

Preston,  near  Brookside    (Beardslee). 

CERIOMYCES  Batt. 
C.  CHROMAPES   (Frost)   Murrill.          (Boletus  chroma  pes  Frost). 

Preston:  abundant  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 
C.  AURiFLAMMEUS    (B.   &  C.)    Murrill.     (Boletus  auriHammeus 
B.  &  C.) 

In  dry  gravel  high  on  the  mountain  sides,  Preston :  near 
Brookside  (Beardslee). 


134  THE    WEST    \1RGIN1A    FLORA 

C.    PARASITICUS    (Bull.)    Murrill.      {Boletus   parasiliciis    Bull.)- 
On   Scleroderma   viilgare   in    wet    woods,    Fayette :   near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall,  1191). 
C.  ExiMius  (Peck)  Murrill.  (Boletus  exiiiiius  Peck). 

Hillsides,  Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslee). 

C.  CRASsus  Batt.  (Boletus  edulis  Bull). 

Old  field  under  Rhus  copallina,  pileus  15  x  10  cm.,  stipe 

4x5  cm.     Spores  10  to  14  x  3  to  4  [x,  Fayette,  near  Nuttall- 

burg   (Nuttall,  990).     Preston:  rarely  seen  at  Brookside. 

C.  CRASSUS  SEPARANS  Pcck.  (Boletus  separaiis  Peck). 

Hillsides,  Preston:  near  Brookside    (Beardslce). 
C.  AFFiNis  (Peck)   Murrill.  (Boletus  afHinis  Peck). 

Preston :  abundant  everywhere  about  Brookside  (Beards- 
lee). 
C.  SPECiosus   (Frost)    Murrill.  (Boletus  speciosus  Frost). 

On  ground  in  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Nuttall,  1099). 
C.  BicoLOR  (Peck)  Murrill.  (Boletus  bicolor  Peck) 

Common    along    sandy    roads,    Preston :    near    Brookside 
(Beardslce). 
C.  COMMUNIS  (Bull.)  Murrill.  (Boletus  chryseiitroii  Fr.) 

In  deep  woods,  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall,  987) 

PULVEROBOLETUS   Murrill. 
P.  Ravenelii    (B.  &  C.)    Murrill.     (Boletus  Ravenelii  Berk.  & 
Curt.). 

Preston:  near  Brookside   (Beardslce). 

STROBILOMYCES  Berk. 

S.  strobilaceus  (Scop.)  Berk. 

Shady  fence  row,  alt.  2,300  ft.     Spores  about  10  /x  round. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall,    iioo). 

FISTULINA    Bull. 

F.    HEPATIC  A   Fr. 

On  dead  stumps,  alt.  2,000  ft.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall,  1 1 02). 

POLYPORUS    (Mich.)    Paulet. 
P.  Polyporus  (Retz.)  Murrill.  (P.  bruinalis  Fr.). 

On  dead  logs,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall,  1835). 
P.  Fissus  Berk. 

On  Acer.   Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades  (Sheldon). 
P.  ARCULARius  (Batsch)   Fries. 

On  rotten  logs,  largest  specimens  4  cm.  broad  with  stipe 
2.3  cm.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall,  929). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I35 

P.  ELEGANS  (Bull.)   Fries.  (P.  varins  of  Am.  Auth.). 

On  dead  logs,  specimens  thin,  tough,  20  cm.  broad,  Fay- 
ette :  near  Xuttallburg   {Niittall,  840). 

BJERKANDERA  Karst. 

B.  ADUSTA  (Willd.)   Karst.  {Poly poms  adiisttis  Fr.). 

On  dead  branch  Rlnis  hirta,  and  in  decayed  stump  Hicoria 

ovata,    Monongalia:    near    Morgantown    (Mills paugh)  ;    on 

dead  log,  Star  City;  on  dead  oak,  near  Randall  {Sheldon). 

On  Willow,  Ohio:  near  Moundsville   {Sheldon). 

PORODISCULUS  Karst. 

P.  TENDULus  (S.chw.)   Murrill.         (Polyponis  pocnla  B.  &  C). 
.  On  dead  Rhus  copallina,  Fayette  :  near  Glade  Creek  {Niitt- 
all, 478,   1495)- 

ISCHNODERMA  Karst. 

I.  FULiGiNOSUM    (Scop.)    Murrill.        (Polyponis  resinosti^s  Fr.). 
.  ,j;,.,,,Pn -j4^^1  dpgK.l^^yette  :  near  Nuttalll)urg    (Nuti^qlJ^^^^jg). 

/■nyifriBt')  :  aslrtodKoo'I  .'foi<,i  ]>!''!•  1,  .■■         ,v,\\vlf'.  )  nwot 

FUSCOSPORIA  Mu«rjW:>5\?.)    nrBlnrioM 

F.  N'lTicoLA    (Schw.)    Murrill. 

On  QtiercmiMdjKokk^l^i,  M^nQOg,allia]:/near  Morgantown 

.!.7//i?^^^tok  ivnM'Mo^)  MmnM.    i.7/rhP.)  hatoajH  .h 

I.  MOLLIS   (Berk.  &  GttRt.l)  .Murrill.jv^f\Ts\  ?,\nof\YVV-\ 

On  Acer  saccharum,  Alonongalia:  near  Lick  Run   (Shel- 
don). Jlii-rnM    ^'J^IO^ITHA.I 
I.  LACTEUS  (Fries)   Murj-ill.,  ,,•       .  -  -  t 
•  ( -"^^   m6m]^msi'':'m''0lM^us  at- liiBc  liuA  ■,^bn '  Jugmnrmred 
"•"^''^^M'6i-'gafrto\Vn'(^57?'^'/^dhj.  ''     '      ''^^"  smvK^ob  uO 

T.  CHiONEUS   (i^ries)    Karst. 
(.I'^r  <5ft^-^i^tV*r>-iMoi-l6ttyalia  :  at  Slibfat!6n  ;  ow'dead -^A^-dod,'  Uji-I 
i"ior[gi-itftn' k  Fm\m-' Creek^fShemw)'f\    >lf'''-'ii    b'^'^b    nO 
T.  UNDOSUS  (Peck)  Murrill.        •■'<\^=,^  ,^'t^=  .\\n\A\vY.)  >{99-i3 

On  decaying  trunks  of  Uem\oc^imid'PlnW,(^M'u>riU^^'Ort}i\ 

.(nobhj\?.)  -/fsaiD  rbrrsT'^  : -rrirkqU  -.mw^ 
lONOTU^'rafM.  (-^"oM)  a-iaioMoiJ  .H 

I.  PERPLEXus  |Peck)    Murrill. 

On  Fat^iis,  Monongalia:  near  Alorgantown  (Sheldon). 


136  THE    WRST    \TRG1NIA    FLORA 

PHAEOLUS    Pat. 

P.  siSTOTREMOiDES   (Alb.  &  Schw. )    Murrill. 

On  Hemlock  log,  Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades  (Shel- 
don). 

PYCNOPORUS    Karst. 

P.  ciNNABARiNUS   (Jaccj.)   Karst. 

Preston:  on  Pntniis  scrotina,  near  Reedsville,  on  Bctula 
near  Cranesville ;  on  dead  wood,  Pocahontas :  Cranberry- 
Mountain  ;  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  on  Primus  se- 
rotina  and  on  Qiiercus  (Sheldon). 

GRIFOLA  (Micheli)  S.  F.  Gray. 

G.  RAMOSissiMA   (Scop.)   Murrill.     (Polyponis  iiiiibcllatus  ¥r.). 
In  dry  exposed  hollow   of  oak  stump.   Alonongalia  :  near 
Morgantown    ( Mills  pan  gh ) . 
G.  Berkeley:   (Fr.)   Murrill      (Polyponis  B.  &  lactilhnis  Pk.). 
On  ground  in  open  woods,  height  30  cm.  breadth  60  cm. 
Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (NnttaU.    1171).      In    dry    ex- 
posed   hollow    of    oak    stump.    Monongalia :    near    Morgan- 
town  (A'lillspaugh).    On  dead  wood,  Pocahontas:  Cranberry 
Mountain   (Sheldon). 

AURANTIPORUS  Murrill. 

A.  PiLOTAE   (Schw.)    Murrill.  (Polyponis  Pilotae  Schw.). 

On  dead  and  rotten  log,  Fayette:  Sewell  Valley  (NnttaU, 
1661).  Under  side  of  dead  log,  Nuttallburg  (NnttaU,  166, 
1214),  Polyponis  hypococeineus  Berk. 

LAETIPORUS   Murrill. 

L.  SPEciosus    (Batt.)    Murrill.  (Polyponis  sulphur  ens   Fr.). 

On  decaying  oak  stump,  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown 
(Mills  paiigh). 

HAPALOPILUS  Karst. 

H.  RUTiLANS    (Pers.)    Murrill.  (Polyponis  nidnlaus  Fr.). 

On   dead    trunk   Prnnns   scrotina,    Fayette :    along    Short 
Creek  (NnttaU,  548,  1599). 
H.  GiLvus  (Schw.)   Murrill. 

On  Fagns,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown:  on  Acer  rnh- 
rnm;  Upshur:  French  Creek  (Sheldon). 
H.  LicNOiDES   (Mont.)   Murrill. 

On  Acer  sacchannn,  Preston:  near  Albright    (Sheldon). 


WEST    X'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  137 

GANODERMA  Karst. 
G.  TsuGAE  Aiurrill. 

.    On    Tsuga,    Monongalia :   at   Tibbs   Run   and    Sturgisson 
{Sheldon). 

PYROPOLYPORUS    Murrill. 
P.  iGNiARius   (L.)   Murrill. 

On  Betnia,  Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades;  on  Acer,  Pres- 
ton: near  Cranesville  {Sheldon).  Randolph:  near  Pickens 
{H.  H.  Smith,  1946).  , 

P.  RoBiNiAE  Murrill. 

On    living    Robinia,    Monongalia :    near    Sturgisson    and 
Mason:  near  Ehvell  {SJicIdon) . 
P.  CONCH ATUS  (Pers.)  Murrill. 

On  dead  log,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown   {Sheldon) . 

ELFVINGIA  Karst. 
E.  FOMENTARIA   (L.)    Murrill.      {Fonies  fouientarius  of  Flora). 
On  dead  Betnia  lutea,  Grant:  near  Bayard  {Millspaugh)  ; 
on  dead  log,  Greenbrier:  near  Rupert   {Niittall,  1635). 

E.  MEGALOMA  (Lev.)  Murrill. 

On  dead  wood,  Monongalia  :  Lick  Run  ;  on  Acer  saccha-, 
rum,  Preston,  near  Cranesville   {Sheldon). 

FOMES  Fr. 

F.  LuciDus  (Leys.)  Fr. 

On  dead  logs  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Preston  Co..  near  Terra 
Alta   {Millspaugh).     On  old  stumps  in  deep  woods,  April 
10,  1893,  full  grown  in  June  {Niittall,  892). 
F.  voLVATUS  Peck. 

On  west  side  Finns  Virginiana,  March  8,  1893   {Nnttall, 
870). 
F.  UNGULATus  (Scliacff.)   Sacc  {F.  pinicola  of  Flora). 

On  Tsuga,  Preston:  near  Cranesville  {Sheldon)  ;  on  fallen 
trunks  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Short  Creek,  IN'Iay  i,  1893  {Nntt- 
all, 924). 
F.  APPLANATUS   (Pcrs.)   Wallr. 

On  dead  Acer  saccharnin  and  Quercus  palustris,  alba  and 
rubra,  Wood  Co.,  near  Kanawha  Station,  and  McDowell  Co., 
near  Elkhorn.  On  dead  Fraxinus  Americana,  Grant  Co., 
near  Bayard,  and  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  {Mills- 
paugh). On  dead  logs,  Jan.,  1893  {Nuttall,  828). 
F.  RIMOSUS  Berk. 

On  dead  Robinia  Psendacacia,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Mor- 
gantown (Millspaugh).  On  same  sp  and  on  Oak?  alt. 
2,000  ft..  March  21.   1893   {Nuttall,  914). 


138  Till':    WKST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

F.  ROSEUS  (Alb.  &  Schw.)  Cooke.  (F.  cariieus  of  Flora.) 

On  Tsiiga,  Preston:  near  Cranesville;  on  Picca  rubens. 
Pocahontas  :  Cranberry  Glades  ;  on  living  Peach  tree,  Monon- 
galia :  near  Washington  (Sheldon).  On  dead,  decorticated 
Picea  Mariana,  Tucker  Co.,  near  Falls  of  P)lackwater  {Mills- 
paugJi).    On  Pinus  Virginiana,  March,  1893  {Xuttall,  865). 

POLYSTICTUS  Fr. 

P.    PERGAMENUS   Fr. 

On  dry  exposed  oak  railroad  tie,   Monongalia  Co..   near 
Morgantown    (Millspangh).     On   various   dead   trees,   Feb. 
17,  1^893  (Nut tall,  847). 
P.  ciNNABARiNus  (Jacq.)  Fr. 

On    dead    limbs    of    cultivated    Priiiius,    Monongalia    Co., 
near  Morgantown   (Aiillspaugh).     On  various  dead  decidu- 
ous trees,  Jan.  31,  1893  (Niittall,  829).     Randolph:  on  Be- 
tula  lenta  near  Pickens  (//.  H.  Smith,  1848). 
P.  ABIETINUS  Fr. 

On  fallen  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard 
{ Mills  paugh).  On  Pinus  Virginiana,  March  4,  1894 
{Nuttall,  1420,  390). 

CORIOLUS  Quel. 

C.    PUBESCENS    (Schum.)    Murrill.    (Polyporns   ptibescens   Fr.). 
On  dead  Betida  sp.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall, 
1673).    C)n  Fagus,  Upshur:  near  French  Creek,  and  ]\Ionon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 
C.  ABIETINUS   (Dicks.)   Quel. 

On    Picea    rubens,    Pocahontas :    Cranberry    Glades ;    on 

Tsuga,    Monongalia :    near    Cooper's    Rock    and    Lick    Run 

(Sheldon). 

C.  VERSICOLOR  (L.)  Quel.  (Polystictus  versicolor  Fr.). 

On  Juglans  nigra  and  on  Betida,  Monongalia :  near  ?\lor- 

gantown ;  on  Betida,  Pocahontas :  at  Cranberry  Glades  and 

Preston:  near  Albright    (Sheldon);  on   decorticated   stump 

Picea    Mariana,    Tucker    Co.,    near    Falls    of    Rlackwater. 

Under    bark    of    log    Quercus    alba,    Monongalia    Co.,  near 

Morgantown    (Millspaugh).     On  various  dead  trees,   Feb., 

1893    (Nuttall,   834).     Randolph:   near    Pickens   on   Betula 

(H.  H.  Smith,  1850). 

C.   PROLiFiCANS    (Fries)    Murrill.      (Polyporns  proJiftcaiis  Fv.). 

On  Betula,  Pocahontas :  at  Cranberry  Glades,  on  Quercus, 

near  Seebert ;  on  Fagus,  Preston:  near  Albright;  on  Prunus 

Americana,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 

C.  NiGROMARGiNATUS  (Schw.)  IMurrill.  (Polystictus  hirsntus  Ft.). 

On  Liriodendron,  Monongalia  :  near  Oliver;  on  dead  wood 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I39 

Pocahontas  :  Cranberry  Glades  ;  on  Betula,  Monongalia  :  near 
Lick  Run  (Sheldon)  ;  on  dead  twig  cultivated  Pyrus  Mains, 
Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown.  On  dead  Betnia  Intea, 
and  on  log  Liriodendron  Tidipifcra.  A  form  with  white 
spores,  on  roots  fallen  Betula  lenta,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard 
{Millspaugh).  On  Fagus  atropnnicca,  Keeney's  Creek, 
Oct.  20,  1893   {Nuttall,  1211). 

CORIOLELLUS  Murrill. 

C.  Sepium    (Berk.)   Murrill.  {Tramctes  Sepiuin  Berk.). 

On    dry    railroad    ties,    Monongalia :    near    Morgantown 

(Millspaiigh),  on  Jnglans  nigra  {Sheldon).  Resupinate  form 

on  dead  oak  beams  over  a  boiler,  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 

{N  Hit  all,  1300). 

MUCRONOPORUS   E.   &   E. 

M.  EVERHARTII  E.  &  Gall. 

On  Ulniiis  piihcscens,  Nov.  6,  1893  {^^^tiall,  1598). 
M.  GiLvus  (Sz.)  E.  &  E. 

On  Castanea  dentata,  July  20,  1894  (Nvttall.  1169,  558). 
M.  FERRUGiNOSus  (Schrad.)  E.  &  E. 

On  Jnglans  einerea,  Aug.  29,   1893    (Xtittoll,   1183). 

PORTA  Pers. 

P.  VULGARIS  Fr. 

On  various  dead  limbs,  Feb.  2  and  Nov.  20,  1893  i^'^utt 
all.  833).    A  nodular  form  on  oak  ties,  Nov.  5.  1894  (Nutt- 
all). 
P.  OBDUCENS  Pers. 

On  underside  of   dead  log,  Feb.  8,   1893    {Nuttall,   I2gy, 
246).  ^  , 

P.  NIGRA  Berk. 

On  side  and  beneath  dead  Hicoria?  log.     Efifused,  long 
and  narrow,  perennial  (Nuttall,  1268). 

P.    TOMENTO-CINCTA    B.    &   R. 

Effused  on  bark  underside  of  log  Betnia  lenta,  60  x  30  cm 
One  layer  taken  off  on  Sept.  16,  the  same  surface  of  the 
bark  was  found  to  be  again  covered  with  the  species  on 
Oct.  5,  1895.  {Nuttall.  1865,  752).  On  Magnolia  Fraseri, 
Nov.,  1895. 
P.  VAPORARIA  Fr. 

On  Prunus  serotina,  Dec.  8,   1893    {Nuttall,   1295,  244). 

P.    TULIPIFERAE    Schw. 

On    Liriodendron    Tulipifera.    April    13,    1893    (Nnttall, 
893). 


140  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    ELORA 

P.  Xantiia  Fr. 

On  Piniis  Virginiana,  March  21,   1893   (Nitttall,  913). 
P.  micans  (Ehrenb.)    Fr. 

On  burned  log,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft.,  Nov.  24,  1893 
(Nitttall,  1277,  223). 
P.  corticola  Fr. 

Underside   of  young   dead   Liriodciidron    Tulipifcra,   dif- 
fused through  clefts  of  bark,  incrusting  other  polypori,  etc. 
Alt.  925  ft., "Nov.  20,  1893  (Nuttall,  1280). 
P.  siNuosA  Fr.  ? 

Appears  to  be  between  this  and  Irpcx  obliqims,  preferably 
this  (E.  &  E.).  On  Kalmia  latifolia,  Short  Creek, alt. 
1,800  ft.,  Aug.  12,  1893  {Nuttall,  1166,  138). 

P,   FARINELLxV  Fr. 

On  dead  log,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  Sept.  12,  1893 
{Nuttall,  1204,  160). 

TRAMETES  Fr. 
T.  Ohioensis  Berk. 

On    dead    standing   sapling.    Short    Creek,    alt.    1.800    ft., 
April  ^o,  1894  {Nuttall,  1467). 
T.  ROBiNiOPHiLA  Murrill. 

On   wounds    of   Robinia   pscudacacia,    Monongalia :    near 
Morgantown   (Sheldon). 
T.  MOLLIS  Fr.  ? 

On    drift    wood,    March,    1893    (undeveloped)     (Nuttali 

1597,  550). 
T.  odorata  Wulf. 

On  dead  limbs  in  a  drain,  July  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  1628, 
557).  0.zoni]tni  auriconinui,  Link.,  a  curious  tawny  my- 
celium, supposed  to  be  intimately  connected  with  this  species, 
was  found  here  with  this  specimen. 

DAEDALEA  Pers. 
D.  confragosa   (Bolt.)   Pers. 

On  dead  Cornus  florida,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (A^utt- 

all,    1774).      On   Betula,    Monongalia:    Lick    Run,    and    on 

Querciis  near  Star  City ;  on  Betula,  Pocahontas :  Cranberry 

Glades  (Sheldon). 

D.  Aesculi  (Schw.)   Murrill.  (D.  ambigua  Berk.). 

On  dead  Acer,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall,  846). 

CERRENA    (Micheli)    S.  F.   Gray. 
C.  unicolor  (Bull.)  Alurrill.  (Daedalea  unicolor  Fr.). 

On  dead  Hicoria  ovata,  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all, 247).  Randolph  :  near  Pickens,  on  Fagus  (H.  H.  Smith, 
1829). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I4I 

MYRIADOPORUS  Peck. 
M.  iNDURATUs  Peck. 

Top  of  decayed  oak  stump,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Mor- 
gantown  (Millspangh).  Professor  Peck  remarks,  in  a  letter, 
on  receipt  of  the  specimens :  "This  is  probably  only  an  im- 
perfect condition  of  Porta  abdiiccns." 

HEXAGONA  Pollini. 

H.  ALVEOLARis  (DC.)   Murrill.  {Favolus  Enropaeus  ¥r^. 

On  dead  wood,  Monongalia  :  on  Dorseys  Knob  near  Mor- 

gantown  {Sheldon).    On  dead  branch,  Feb.  12,  1894  {Nutt- 

all,  1360).     Spores  12.5  x  3  /^  somewhat  curved,  obliquely 

apiculate.     Feb.  17.  1895  (NitttaU,  1788). 

GLOEOPORUS  Mont. 
G.  coNCKOiDES  Mont. 

On  oak  chips.  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown  (Mills- 
paugh).  On  decaying  log,  Monongalia:  at  Sabraton  and 
on  Prunus  serotina  at  Mona  :  on  apple,  Preston :  at  Albright, 
and  on  dead  wood,  ^^'ayne  :  near  Ceredo  (Sheldon). 

MERULIUS    Hall. 
M.  TREMELLosus  Schrad. 

Under  bark  Oiiercus  alba  log,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Mor- 
gantown   (Millspangh).     On   Almis  rugosa,   Oct.   31,    1893 
(Niittall,  1220). 
M.  RUBELLus  Peck. 

On  dead  Onercns  alba.  Short  Creek.  Nov.  9.  1893  (Nntt- 
all,    1244). 

Also  found  parasitic  on  Stcreiiin  versicolor.  In  some 
cases  the  hymenium  simply  covers  the  under  surface  of  the 
Stereum.  In  nearly  all  specimens  observed  it  grows  at  the 
base  of  the  host  to  which  it  is  at  least  partly  adherent. 
Largest  pileus  5  x  5  cm.,  sometimes  laterallv  connected  for 
15  cm. 
N.  CoRiUM  Fr. 

On  branches,  April  2/.   i8q^    (Nuttall,   1822,  699). 
M.  MOLLuscus  Fr. 

On  dead  limb  Tsnga  Canadensis,  Short  Creek,  alt    1.800 
ft.,  Feb.  8,  1894  (Nuttall.  1399). 
M.  AMBIGUUS  Berk. 

On  dead  Prunus  serotina.  Short  Creek,  alt.  97^  ft     Ian 
1894  (Nuttall,  1602).  ■  ' 

M.  LACHRYMANS  (Jacq.)   Fr. 

On  bottom  of  box  in  cellar,  Feb.  14,  1894  (Nuttall    \T.yq 
341). 


142  THE    WKST    \TRGINIA    FLORA 

M.   PULVERULENTUS   Fr. 

Underside  of  old  logs,  Oct.   19,  1893.  Spores  orange  col- 
ored, nucleate,  10  x  6  /a  {Nuttall,  1208). 

POROTHELIUM  Fr. 

P.   LACERUM   Fr. 

On  dead  trunk,  Feb.   11,   1894   {Nuttall,   1381,  343). 

SOLENIA   Hoitm. 
S.  OCHRACEA  Hoffm. 

On  dry   dead   log.    Short   Creek,   alt.    1,800   ft.,   Dec.    16, 
1893  {Nuttall,  1327,  285). 
S.  viLLosA  Pers. 

On  fallen  dead  limb  of  Quercus  sp.,  Sept.,   1895    {Nutt- 
all, 1854,  741). 

H  Y  D  N  A  C  E  A  E. 

HYDNUM  Linn. 
H.  REPANDUM  Linn. 

F'ayette  :  near  Xuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

H.    CINNABARINUM     (Schw.)    Fr. 

Fayette :  effused  under  bark  of  dry  dead  limb  near  Nutt- 
allburg  {Nuttall,  997). 

HERICIUM    Pers. 
H.    coRALLoiDES    (Scop.)    Pcrs.      {H yd  1111111   coralloides   Scop.). 
Fayette :  in  decayed   cleft  on  living  Fagus  near  Nuttall- 
burg  {Nuttall,  845). 
H.  Erinaceus   (Bull.)   Pers.  {Hydiiimi  Erinaceiun  Bull.). 

Fayette :  on  top  of  dead  log  and  in  hollow  of  living  Fagus 
near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall,  1752).     On  Robinia   (Sheldon). 
H.  CROCEUM    (Schw.)    Banker.  {Hydnuui  croceum  Fr.) 

Fayette  :  effused  in  crevices  of  dead  log  near  Short  Creek 
{Nuttall,  398,  1426). 

STECCHERINUM  S.  F.  Gray. 

S.   ADUSTUM    (Schw.)    Banker.      (Hydnuni  adustuni  Schwein.). 

Fayette :   on  dead  limbs  on   the  ground.     Nuclei  at  first 

cream  colorefl  gradually  changing   from  perifery  to  center 

through  reddish  purple  to  dark  j^rown.     Near  Nuttallburg 

(Nuttall,  863). 

S.  OCHRACEUM  (Pcrs.)  S.  F.  Gray.     (Ilyduuui  ochraceum  Pers.) 

L^nderside  of  dead  log.     Stcgonotis  fusca  found  growing 

on  this  species.     Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall,  891). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 43 

SARCODON  Quelet. 

S.  IMBRICATUS    (L. )    Karst.  (Hydimm  imbricatiim  L.). 

Fayette;   in  oak   woods   near  Nutallburg    {Nuttall,  988). 

HYDNELLUM  Karsten. 

H.  \ELUTiNUM    (Fries.)    Banker.  (Hydnnin  velutinum  Fr.). 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall,  880). 
H.   NuTTALLii   Banker,  Mem.  Torr.  Bot.  Club,   12:155    (1906). 

Plant  terrestrial,  mesopodous,  medium  size ;  pileus  obconic, 
deeply  depressed  to  infundibuliform,  somewhat  round, 
thickest  at  the  center,  thinning  uniformly  to  the  margin, 
4  to  6  cm.  wide,  i  cm.  or  less  thick  near  the  center ;  surface 
subeven,  radiately  subrugose  or  fibrillose  when  fresh,  gray- 
ish umber;  margin  thin,  acute,  coarsely  plicate  or  fluted,  de- 
flexed,  curled  when  dried,  subfertile  with  short  teeth;  sub- 
stance spongy-tomentose  in  upper  half  of  pileus,  thickest  at 
the  center,  umber,  lower  part  of  pileus  harder  more  compact 
darker  of  uniform  thickness  about  i  mm.,  continuous  with 
hard  central  core  of  stem;  stem  central,  uneven,  surrounded 
below  by  bulbous  mass  of  spongy  tomentum,  0.5  cm.  wide, 
4  cm.  long,  bulbous  base  1.5  cm.  wide;  teeth  capillary  more 
or  less  decurrent,  dark  umber  to  black,  7  mm.  or  less  long, 
0.15  to  0.25  mm.  wide,  about  2  to  i  millimeter,  longest  teeth 
about  one-fourth  of  the  distance  from  the  stem  to  the  mar- 
gin ;  spores  apparently  few,  subtuberculate,  subglobose, 
brownish,  4  to  5  ^  wide. 

The  plant  in  structure  is  similar  to  H.  velutinum,  but  very 
distinct  in  the  form  of  the  pileus,  in  its  subrugose  not  to- 
mentose  surface,  and  in  the  long  capillary  teeth. 

Fayette:  on  ground  beneath  old  decayed  log,  February  13, 
1893,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall,  844).  Reported  in  Mills- 
paugh  &  Nuttall  Flora  as  Hydnum  sp. 

TREAIELLODON  Pers. 

T.   GELATINOSUM    (Scop.)    PcrS. 

On  dead  Tsuga  Canadensis  Aug.  13,  1893  (Nuttall,  1148) 

IRPEX   Fr. 
I.  LACTEUS  Fr. 

On  dead  Rhus  hirta,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
(Millspaugh). 
I.  siNuosus  Fr. 

On   dead   sticks,   Dec.    10,    1893    (Nuttall,    1309,   255). 
I.  oBLiouus  (Schrad.)  Fr.  ? 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Feb.  8.  1894  (Nuttall,  1385,  347). 


144  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

RADULUM  Fr. 

R.   ORBICULARE   Fr. 

On  Carpiniis  Caroliniana?    Nov.  27,  1893  {Niittall,  1270), 
R.  Magnoliae  B.  &  C. 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Feb.  9,  1894,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800 
ft.     {Niittall,  1352). 

PHLEBIA    Fr. 

P.    AJERISMOIDES   Fr. 

On  mossy  bark  of  dead  log,  Dec.  i,  1893  {Nuttall,  1289). 
On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Nov.,  1895. 
P.   RADIATA   Fr. 

On  Alnus  riigosa,  Oct.  31,  1893   {Nnttall,   1219). 

GRANDINIA  Fr. 

G.   GRANULOSA   Fr. 

On  underside  dead  log.  May  20,  1893   {Nnttall,  1304). 
G.  CRUSTOSA  (Pers.)  Fr. 

On  Rhododendron  maximum,  May  20,   1893.     On  Liqui- 
darnhar  Styraciflna,  Oct.  2,  1894  {Nnttall,  909  ident.  Massee). 

ODONTIA  Pers. 

O.    FARINACEA    Fr. 

Underside  dead   Tsuga   Canadensis,   Nov.   9,    1893,   Short 
Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft.     {Nuttall,  1245). 

NEOKNEIFFIA    Sacc. 

N.  SETiGERA  (Fr.)  (Kneiffia  sefigeraFr'ws). 

In  interstices  dead  log,  Dec,   1893   (Nuttall,   1290,  231). 

THELEPHORACEAE. 

THELEPHORA  Ehrh. 

T.  SEBACEA  Pers. 

On  stem  of  Aster  sp.,  damp  shadv  woods.   July  25,   1893 
{Nuttall,  II 20). 
T.  PEDICELLATA  Schwcin. 

On  Ostrya  Virginiana,  Feb.  8,  1894  (Nuttall,  1370,  328). 
On  Crataegus,  Greenbrier:  near  Durbin  (Sheldon). 

STEREUM  Pers. 
S.  VERSICOLOR    (Sw.)    Fr. 

On  Oncrcus  sp.  and  Betula  lenta,  March  7,   1893   (Nutt- 
all, 856). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I4S 

S.    FASCIATUM     Sz. 

In   dead   stumps,   alt.  2,000  ft.,   Alarch  8,   1893    (A-z/ffa//, 
860). 
S.  VERSICOLOR  z'ai'.  (Peck). 

On  dry  oak  railroad  ties,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  ]\Iorgan- 
town  (M  ills  pail  gh). 
S.  LOBATUM  Fries. 

On    Fagus,    Preston:    near    Albright;    on    Qucrcus    alba. 
Upshur:  near  French  Creek  (Sheldon). 
S.  PURPUREUM  Pers. 

On  stump  in  pine  woods    {Liriodcndron?)   Dec.  9,    1893 
{Xuttall,  1 28 1,  391). 
S.    HIRSUTUM    (W.)    Fr. 

On  log,  Nov.  24,  1893.  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300  ft.  {Nntt- 
all,  1277,  224). 

S.   SANGUINOLENTUM    (A.   &   S.  )    Fr. 

On  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Feb.  8,  1894  (Xntfall,  1386,  251) 
S.  SULPHUR ATUM  B.  &  Rav. 

On  log  Qrierciis  alba,  ]\Ionongalia  Co.,  near  ]\[organtown 
(]\rillspaugh). 
S.  FRUSTULosuM   (Pcrs.)  Fr. 

On  log  Qiiercns  sp.,  Monongalia  Co.,  near  Morgantown 
(Millspaiis;h).     On    dead   wood,    March    7,    1893    {Niittall, 

857). 
S.  PiNi  Fr. 

On  Finns  Virginiana,  April  6,  1894  {Xuttall,  1469,  445). 

S.    OCHRACEO-FLAVUM    Schw. 

On  small  dead  twigs,  March  21,  1894  (Xnttall,  1416). 
S.  ALBO-BADiuM  Schwcin. 

On  dead  sticks  and  twigs  of  various  trees.  April  27,  1893 
(Xuttall,  1269). 
S.  SERicEUM  Schw. 

On  dead  twig  Befnla  Icnta,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard  { Mills - 
paugh).     On  Rhus  copalliua,  March  6,  1894  (Xuttall,  1419, 

389)- 
S.  COMPLICATUM   Fr. 

On  roots  of  overturned  Betula  Icnta,  Grant  Co.,  near 
Bayard;  on  dry  oak  railroad  ties,  Monongalia  Co..  near 
Morgantown  (Millspaugh).  On  dead  trees  and  on  Quer- 
cus  Prinus,  Dec.  8,  1893  (Xuttall,  867,  235).  On  Fagus, 
Preston:  near  Albright;  on  Abies  or  Tsuga,  Pocahontas: 
Cranberry  Glades   (Sheldon) . 

S.   VERSIFORME  B.   &   C.  ? 

On'Castanea  deiitata,  Jan.   18,  1893  (A'uttall,  1347,  305). 
S.  TRISTE  B.  &  C. 

On  Rhododendron  nia.riniuni  in  thicket,  alt.  1.800  ft. 
Feb.  8,  1894  (Xuttall,  966,  350). 


146  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

S.  ACERiNUM  Pers. 

On  living-  tree  trunks,  March  7,  1893  (Nnttall,  858). 

HYMENOCHAETE  Lev. 
H.  RUBiGiNOSA  (Schr.)  Lev. 

On  dead  log,  March,  1893  {Nnttall,  911).  On  Rohinia 
pseiidacacia,  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown ;  on  Querciis 
alba,  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta   (Sheldon). 

H.   TABACINA    (Sow.)    Lcv. 

On  dead   twigs,   March,    1893    {Nuttall,   910)  ;  on  Acer, 
Pocahonta-s :  Cranberry  Glades  {Sheldon). 
H.  CORRUGATA  (Fr.)  Lev. 

On  decorticated  limb  Bcinla  Icnta,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bay- 
ard   (MillspaugJi).     On   Magnolia   Fraseri,    Feb.    8,    1894. 
Setae  38  x  7.5  ju,  (Nuttall,  1364). 
H.   UNICOLOR   B.   &  C.  ? 

On  Bctula  lenta,  on  dead  Kalmia  latifolia?  July  i,  1893 
(Nuttall,  nil,  96). 

CORTICIUM  Fr. 

C.  SALICINUM   Fr. 

On  dead  Sali.v  nigra,  March  15,  1894   (Nuttall,  1401). 
C.  Oakesii  B.  &  C. 

On  living  Ostrva  Virs;inica,  March  21,  1893  (Nuttall, 
^77). 

C.   GLOBIFERUM    E.    &   E. 

Underside  of  dead  log  in  deep  laurel  thicket.  Short  Creek, 
March  25,  1893  (Nuttall,  940). 
C.  ARACHNOiDEUM  Berk. 

On  dead  damp  twigs  in  dense  pile,  Jan.  18,  1894.  Diffused 
for  30  X  8  cm.  Spores  4  to  5  x  2  to  3  /x.  The  species  when 
fresh  has  a  wrinkled  or  crusted  appearance  looking  very  like 
a  INIerulius.  but  soon  becomes  flat  and  plane   (NiittaU,  1344, 

303)- 
C.  RADIOSUM   Fr. 

On  dead  trunk,  partlv  beneath  loose  bark.   Short  Creek, 
May  18,  1893  (Nuttall,  965). 
C.  LEVE  Pers. 

On  Hamamelis  Virginica,  Dec.  20,  1894  (Nuttall,  1500). 
C.  ALBO-FLAVESCENS  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  1:170  (1896). 

Type  habitat  :  On  bark  of  dead  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Feb. 
24,  1894  (Nuttall,  discov.  1394). 

At  first  orbicular,  subpezizoid,  i  to  2  mm.  diameter,  be- 
coming more  irregular  in  shape  and  i  cm.  or  more  diameter, 
lower  stratum  milk-white,  consisting  of  loosely  interwoven, 
branching  threads,  and  extending  out  beyond  the  pale-oliva- 
ceous or  yellowish,  membranaceous  hymenium  so  as  to  form 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I47 

a  thin  sub-fimbriate,  white  margin.  Spores  abundant,  glo- 
bose, with  a  single  large  nucleus,  4  to  6  /x  diameter,  slightly 
colored. 

The  hymenium  has  only  a  slight  tinge  of  olive  and  is  per- 
haps better  described  as  light-drab  color. 
C.  LEPTALEUM  E.  &  E.,  Field  Mus.  Bot.,  i  1170  (1896). 

Type  habitat:  On  underside  dead  sapling  Magnolia 
Frascri,  alt.  1,800  ft.  April  11,  1895  (Nuttall,  discov.  1803, 
690). 

Thin,  closely  adnate,  grayish-white,  pulverulent,  soon 
cracking  into  areas  2  to  3  mm.  across,  with  margins  incurved 
so  as  to  resemble  the  shallow  cups  of  some  Peziza.  Spores 
oblong,  hyaline,  continuous,  10  to  12  x  4  /x,  borne  on  cyl- 
indrical basidia  30  to  40  x  6  fx,  with  two  stout  sporophores. 
There  are  also  other  smaller  (immature)  ?  sporidia,  globose 
(4  to  6  /x)  or  elliptical,  5  to  7  x  3  to  3.5  fx.  The  membrane 
on  which  the  hymenium  stands  where  exposed  on  the  in- 
curved margin  of  the  pezizoid  areas  is  pale  brown. 
C.  Petersii  B.  &  C. 

On  Betula  sp.  and  Vitis  sp.,  March  21,  1893  {Nuttall,  912). 

C.   COLLICULOSUM   B.   &  C. 

On  dead  logs  in  laurel  thicket,   Short  Creek,   Mav,   1893 
{Nuttall,  1088). 
C.  prasinum  B.  &  C. 

On  dead,  burned  log,  Feb.  2,  1894   {Nuttall,  1382,  344). 

C.  LILACINO-FUSCUM  B.  &  C. 

On   dead   limb  Hicoria   sp..    Short    Creek,   alt.    1,800   ft., 
March  5,  1894  {Nuttall,  1403). 
C.  ochraceum  Fr. 

On  underside  dead  log  Tsuga  .Canadensis,  May  8,   1893 
{Nuttall,  931). 
C.  INCARNATUM   (Pers.)  Fr. 

On  underside  dead   log  and   on    Uhnns  piihescens,  April 
18,  1893  {Nuttall,  923). 
C.  LiLAciNUM  Schroet. 

On  firm  wood  of  dead  log,  March  6,  1894,  Short  Creek. 
alt.  1,800  ft.     {Nuttall,  1427,  399). 
C.  SUBGIGANTEUM  Berk. 

On  Hicoria  ovata,  Dec.  14,  1893.  Spores  16  x  5  /x  {Nutt- 
all, 1312,  262). 

C.    MARTIANUM    B.   &    C. 

On  underside  of  wet  log,  Dec.  16.  1893.  When  fresh,  this 
species  is  the  color  of  fresh  blood.  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800 
ft.     (A'w^^a//,  1324,  281). 

C.    SCUTELLARE   B.   &   C. 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Sanibucus  Canadensis  and  Piniis 
J^irginiana,  Aug.    18.   1893    {Nuttall,   1176,   144). 


148  Till':    \Vi:ST    \IUGIX1A    FLORA 

ASTEROSTOMA  Massee. 
A.  coRTicoLUM  Massee. 

On  wild  vine  Vitis  sp.,  in  pine  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Feb. 
1893  (Niittall,  1000). 
A.  CERVicoLOR  (B.  &  C.)   Massee. 

On  bark  of  living-  Qucrcus  sp.,  Short  Creek,  alt.  t,8oo 
ft.   (Niittall,  1325,  282). 

PENIOPHORA   Cooke. 

P.  ouERciNA   (Fr.)   Cooke. 

On  Castanea  dcntata,  Jan.  18,  1893   (NuttaU,  1346,  305) 
P.  ciNEREA   (Fr.)   Cooke. 

On   dead   limb,   March,    1893    (NuttaU,  945,    170). 

CONIOPHORA  DC. 

C. ■  sp. 

Near  C.  snbuicnihranacca,    (B.  &   Br.).      On   Zea  Mays, 
Aug-.  10,  1895  (NuttaU,  1846,  737). 
C.  OLivACEA  (Fr.)  Karst. 

In  dark  place  underside  old  railroad  ties,  Nov.  5,  1894 
(NuttaU,   1750,  631). 

EXOBASIDIUM    Woron. 

E.  Rhododendri  Cram. 

Forming  "cups"  near  the  tips  or  margins  of  living  leaves 
of  Rhododendron,  maximum.  Common  in  Grant  and  Tucker 
Counties.  I  understand  from  Prof.  Peck  that  this  is  his 
first  knowledge  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  North 
America  ( MiUspaiigh ) . 

CLAVARIACEAE. 

CLAVARIA  Vaill. 
C.  amethystina  Bull. 

On  ground,  June  20,  1893  (NuttaU,  993). 
C.  pyxidata  Pers. 

On   rotten   log:,   June    10,    1893    (NuttaU,  975). 
C.  FORMOSA  Pers. 

On  ground  in  laurel  thicket,  and  deep  woods,  alt.  2,ooct 
ft.,  July  9,  1893.     Spores  12.5  x  S  1^  (NuttaU,  1085). 
C.  FLACCIDA  Fr. 

,On  leaf  mold,   in   deep   woods.   Grant   Co.,   near   Bayard 
(MiUspaugh). 
C.  FUSTFORMis  Sowcrb. 

On  low  ground  in  open  woods,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  Julv  9,  1893 
(NuttaU,   1086). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I49 

C.  JUNCEA  Fr. 

On   leaf   mold   in   bottom   of   dead   hollow    stump.      Oct. 
28,  1893  {Nuttall,  1232,  179). 
C.  MuciDA  Pers. 

On   upper   side   dead   wet    logs,   Oct.   20,    1893    {Nuttall, 
1231,   178). 

CALOCERA  Fr. 
C.  viscosA  (Pers.)  Fr. 

On  bark  of  Magnolia  Fraseri,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft., 
Feb.  8,  1894.     Spores  12.5  x  4  /u  {Nuttall,  1387,  354). 

LACHNOCLADIUM  Lev. 

L.  SEMIVESTITUM   B.  &  C. 

On  dead  wet  limbs,  alt.   1,800  ft.,  Sept.  18,  1895.     Three 
to  five  inches  high   {Nuttall,  1867,  753). 

AURICULARIA  Bull. 
A.  Auricula  (L.)  Underw.     {Hirneola  Auriciila-Judae  Berk.). 
On   damp   sticks,   June    15,    1893,   Short   Creek    {Nuttall, 

993)- 

EXIDIA  Fr. 
E.  GLANDULOSA    (Bull)    Fr. 

On   bark   Juglaiis   cincrca,   alt.    2,000    ft.,    Feb.    20,    1893 
{Nuttall,  946). 
E.  ALBA  (Huds.)  Bref. 

On  dead  log,  June  2t,,   1893    {Nuttall,  999). 

ULOCOLLA  Bref. 
U.   FOLiACEA    (Pers.)    Bref. 

On  dead  twig,  Nov.  10,  1893.     Spores  +  12.5  x  6  to  7  ,u 
{Nuttall,  1281). 

CRATEROCOLLA   Brefeld. 
{Ombrophila  Quel.) 
C.  CLAvus  (Cke.) 

On  decaying  leaves  and  wood   (Sheldon,  2979). 

TREMELLA  Dill. 

T.  FRONDOSA  Fr. 

On    Rhododendron    ina.viniiini,    Dec.    16,    1893    {Nuttall, 
1321). 

T.    AURANTIA    Fr. 

On  bark  Pinus  Virginiana,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  ]\Iarch  20,  1893 
{Nuttall,  947). 

T.  INTUMESCENS   Sm.  ? 

On  dead  limbs  Hieoria  sp.,  Short  Creek,  Dec.    16,   1893. 
Spores  10  to  13  X  3  to  4  ix,  curved  {Nuttall,  1332). 


150  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

T.  viRENS  Schwein. 

On  dead  branch  Cornus  florida,  Aug-.  17,  1893  (Nuttall, 
1 1 55).     Spores  mostly  7  x  5  jn  or  round  7  /x  diameter. 

NAEMATELIA  Fr. 
N.  NUCLEATA  (Schw.)  Fr. 

On  Aralia  spiiwsa,  alt.  1,300  ft.,  Aug.  18,  1893  (^'nttall^ 
1 174,  142).     On  Magnolia  Frascri. 

DACRYOMYCES  Nees. 

D. sp. 

Of  this  form  Mr.  J.  B.  Ellis  says :  "It  seems  to  be  a 
Dacryomyces.  I  find  the  same  thing  here  at  Newfield,  N.  J., 
but  have  never  been  able  to  decide  upon  it,  and  though  I  have 
sent  it  to  various  European  mycologists,  I  have  never  re- 
ceived a  definite  opinion  from  them."  The  form  occurs  on 
oak  limbs  on  ground,  Dec.  1893 ;  is  of  a  bright  orange-red 
color,  with  curved  spores  7.5  to  10  x  4  /x  {Nuttall,  1271, 
217.) 

D.    DELIQUESCENS    ( Bull. )    Dub. 

On  underside  d,ead   rotten   limb  Pimis  Strobus,  Dec.    13, 
1894  (Nuttall,  1770). 
D.  Syringae  (Schum.)  ? 

On  dead  limbs  of  Platanus  occidentalis,  Nov.  10,  1895 
{Nuttall,  1889). 

D.    STELLATUS    NcCS. 

On  clean   dead   wood    Tsuga   Canadensis,   Dec.   20,    1893 
(Nuttall,  1331). 
D.    CORTICIOIDES  Ell. 

On  decayed  Tsuga  Canadensis,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,750  ft., 
Dec.    16,    1893.      Lemon   yellow    .25   cm.   to   3.5    x    1.5   cm. 
Spores  hyaline,  nucleate  9  to  12.5  x  5  to  7  /u,  obliquely  apicu- 
late  at  one  end   (Nuttall,   13 16,  271). 
D.   MINOR  Peck? 

On  Kalmia  latifolia,  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  March, 
1894.     Spores  10  to  12  x  4  /x  (Nuttall,  1532). 

GUEPINIA    Fr. 
G.  SPATHULARIA  (Schw.)  Fr. 

On  Quercus  sp.,  Jan.  i,  1894.  Spores  uniseptate  10  x  4  .u 
(Nuttall,  1782). 

HOROMYCES  Bon. 
H.  FRAGiFORMis  Cookc.        HypsUophora  fragiforuiis  (Fr.)  Lev. 
On  bark  dead  Fagus  atropunicea,  Grant  Co.,  near  Bayard 
(Millspaugh).    On  dead  wood,  Mav  18,  1893  (Nuttall,  963.) 


Lichenes. 


U  S  N  A  C  E  AE  . 

RAMALINA  Ach. 

R.  RiGiDA  (Pers.)   Tuck. 

On  trees,  alt.  2,000  ft.  {Nuttall,  1060). 

R.    CALCICARIS  FASTIGIATA  Fr. 

On  trees,  alt.  2.000  ft.  (Nuttall,  869). 
R.    MINIUSCULA  Nyl. 

On  Acer  sacchariiiniii,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nuttall,  1696). 

CETRARIA  Ach. 
C.  ciLiARis  (Ach.)  Tuck. 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  alt.  1,800  ft.   (Nuttall,  861). 
C.    LACUNOSA   Ach. 

On  Pinus  Virginiana,  alt.  1,800  ft.   (Nuttall,  1053). 

C.    AURESCENS  Tuck. 

On  Rhododendron  niaxiniuni,  alt.  1,850  ft.  (Nuttall,  1050). 
C.  ISLANDICA  (L.)  Ach.     Reindeer  Moss. 

High  barren  places,  Wood:  near  Nicollet  (H.  H.  Smith). 
C.  Oakesiana  .spinulosa  Merrill  ined. 

On  Picca  riibcns  (Sheldon,  3699),  and  on  Kalniia  latifolia 
(3661). 

USNEA  Ach. 

U.    B AREATA    (L.)    Fr. 

Wirt  Co.,  on  old  trees,  common.  Burning  Springs.  Ran- 
dolph Co.,  on  Rhododendron  maximum,  common.  Cheat 
Bridge.  Mercer  Co.,  on  oak  twigs,  Bluefield ;  and  elsewhere 
about  State,  common  on  trees,  rocks  and  old  fence  rails 
(Millspaugh).    On  trees,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nuttall,  819). 

U.    BARBATA  FLORIDA    Fr. 

Mercer  Co.,  on  oak  chips  and  twigs  among  dead  leaves  at 
Bluefield  (Millspaugh).  On  trees,  alt.  2.000  ft.  (Nuttall, 
859)- 

U.    TRICHODES  Ach. 

On  spruce  (Sheldon,  3693).. 

THELOSCHISTES  Norm. 
T.  PARiETiNUS  (Linn)  Norm. 

On  Robinia  Pscudacacia.  alt.  2.000  ft.   (Nuttall,  1145).- 


152  THE    WRST    NIRCHNIA    FLORA 

T.  CONCOLOR  (Dicks.)  Tuck. 

On  Robiiiia  Pscndacacia,  alt.  2,000  ft.   (Nuttall,  1144). 
T.  CONCOLOR  EFFUSA  Tuckcrm. 

Summers:  near  Lowell  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  150). 

EVERNIA  Ach. 
E.  FURFURACEA   (L.)   Mann. 

On  rock;  on  trunks  of  trees  {Sheldon,  2486,  1544,  3861). 

P  A  R  M  E  L  I  A  C  E  AE. 

PARMELIA  Ach. 

P.  PERLATA  (Linn.)   Ach. 

On   Acer  rubnim,   and    on    sandstone   boulders    (Nuttall, 
848). 
P.  BoRRERi  Turn. 

On  Oak,  alt.  1,850  ft.  (Nuttall,  1032). 

P.  BORRERI  RUDECTA  Tuck. 

On  Robinia  Pseudacacia,  Monongalia  Co.,  along  Falling 
Run  (Mills paugh,  1531). 
P.  coLPODES  (Ach.)  Nyl. 

On  Oak,  alt.  1,850  ft.   (Nuttall,  1141). 
P.   OLIVACEA    (L.)    Ach. 

On  Liriodendron  log  newly  felled,  Monongalia  Co..  Falling 
Run  (Millspaugh,  1343). 

P.    CAPERATA    (L.)    Ach. 

Monongalia  Co.,  on  sandstone  rocks,  and  base  of  Beech, 
Falling  Run  { Millspaugh,  1283). 

P.    CETRATA    Ach.  ? 

Sterile,  but  probably  referable  to  this  species.     Summers' 
near  Lowell  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  146). 
P.  TiLiACEA  (Hoffm.)  Elk. 

Summers:  near  Lowell  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  151). 
P.  piiysoDES  (L.)  Ach. 

On  the  bark  of  various  trees  (Sheldon,  1532,  3456,  3663, 
3668)  ;  on  roof  of  shed,   (3056). 
P.  coNSPERSA  (Ehrh.)  Ach. 

On  a  rock  (Sheldon,  2160). 
P.  0Li\'ARTA  (Ach.)  Hue. 

On  rock  (Sheldon,  3344). 

P.    EXASPERATA   (Ach.)   DcNot. 

On  bark  of  Pruuus  serotina  (Sheldon,  3735). 
P.   RUDECTA  Ach. 

On  bark  of  Red  Oak  (Sheldon,  3946). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 53 

PHYSCIACEAE. 
PYXINE  Nyl. 

P.    SOREDIATA  Fr. 

On  trunk  of  Ash  {Slicldo>i,  3690). 

PHYSCIA  DC. 
P.  LUCOMELA   (L.)    Michx. 

Mercer  Co.,   with  moss  on   wet   Hmestone  ledge,   Beaver 
Spring  (Millspaugh,  1539). 
P.  ciLiARis  (Linn.)   DC. 

On  mossy  sandstone  rocks  {Nutiall,  1063). 
P.  CILIARIS  CRiNALis  Schjer. 

On  moss,  ah.  1,850  ft.  [Nut tall,  1042). 
P.  AQUiLA  (Ach.)  Nyl. 

On  rocks  and  on  moss  (Nuttall,  1035). 
P.  STELLARis   (Linn.)  Tuck. 

On  standstone  rock  {Nuttall,  872). 

P.    STELLARIS  AIPOLIA   Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rock  (Nuttall,  1778). 
P.  LEUCOMELAENA   (L.)   Wain. 

On  bark  (Sheldon,  3701). 
P.  sPECiosA  (Wulf.)  Nyl. 

On  a  tree  trunk  with  mosses  (Sheldon,  3696). 
P.  COMOSA  (Eschw.)  Nyl. 

On  Red  Cedar  twigs  (Sheldon,  2722). 

U  M  B  I  L  I  C  A  R  I  A  C  AE. 

UMBILICARIA  Hoffm. 
U.  DiLLENii  Tuck. 

On  sandstone  rocks  (Nuttall,  823). 
U.  Pennsylvanica  Hoffm. 

On  sandstone  rocks  (Nuttall,  849). 
U.  PUSTULATA  (Linn.)  Hoffm. 

On  faces  of  sandstone  cliffs  (Nuttall,  855). 
U.  PAPULOSA  (L.)  Hoffm. 

On  rock  (Sheldon,  2491). 
U.  Muhlenbergii  (L.)  Hoffm. 

On  rocks  at  the  summit  of  White  Top  Mountain  (Sheldon, 
2480). 

P  E  L  T  I  G  E  R  A  C  E  AE. 

LOBARIA  Hue. 
L.  AMPLissiMA  (Scop.)  Am. 

On  trunks  of  various  trees    (Sheldon,   1300,  2470,  3451, 
3702,  3963). 


154  tiil:  wiisr  \ikgima  flora 

STICTA  Schreb. 

S.    CROCATA    (L.)   Acll. 

On  bark  {Sheldon,  3709). 

S.    HERBACEA   (Huds.)   Ach. 

McDowell  Co.,  on  oaks,  Elkhorn   {Millspaitgh) . 
S.  EROSA  (Eschw.)  Tuck. 

On  trees,  alt.  1,850  ft.  {Nutfall,  982). 

S.    PULMONARIA    (L.)    Ach. 

Wirt  Co.,  on  trunks  of  oaks,  near  Burning-  Springs  (Mills- 
paugh,  327).     On  trees,  alt.  1,875  ft.  (Nnttall,  824). 
S.  QUERCizANS  (Michx.)   Ach. 

On  trees  and  rocks  {Nuttall,  1057). 

PELTIGERA  Willd. 

P.    POLYDACTYLA    (Ncck.)    Hoffm. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,  649,  1150,  1455,  1543,  2578). 
P.  APHTHCSA  (K.)  Hofifm. 

Monongalia    Co.,    on    rock    ledge,    near    Cassville    (Mills- 
paitgh).     On  rocks  among  mosses,  alt.    1,800  ft.    (Nuttall, 
1090). 
P. sp.  nan  fruct. 

On  Rhododendron  maximum  (Nuttall,  938). 
P.  HORizoNTALis  (Linn.)  Hoffm. 

On  rocks  among  mosses,  alt.   1,875  ^^-   (Nuttall,  1091). 
P.  CANiNA  (Linn.)  Hofifm. 

On  earth,  rocks  and  trees  (Nuttall,  1061.) 

NEPHROMA  Ach. 
N.  Helveticum  Ach. 

On  rocks  (Sheldon,  2721,  2991,  4067). 

P  A  N  N  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

PANNARIA  Delis. 
P.  RUBiGiNOSA  (Thunb.)  Delis. 

On  mossy  logs  (Nuttall,  1055). 

P.    LEUCOSTICTA  Tuck. 

On  mossy  logs  and  rocks  (Nuttall,  1064). 
P.   NIGRA   (Hud'^3.)   Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rocks  (Nuttall,  1077). 

C  O  L  L  E  M  A  C  E  AE. 

PHYSMA  Zahlbr. 
P.  LURiDUM  Mont. 

On  bark  (Sheldon,  3685,  3698). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  155 

COLLEMA  Hoffm. 

C.    MYOCHROUM   Nyl. 

On  Rhododendron  iiia.viniuiii,  alt.  1,875  ^t.  (Nitttall,  1058) 

C.    FLACCIDUM   Ach. 

On  a  ledge  (Sheldon,  3398). 

LEPTOGIUAI  Fr. 
L.   PULCHELLUM    (Acli.)   Nyl. 

On  oak  (Nuttall,  1067). 
L.  TREMELLoiDES  (Linn,  f.)  Fr, 

On  sandstone  rock  (Nuttall,  1093). 

L.    CHLOROMELUM    STELLANS  Tuck. 

On  Quercus  coccinea.  alt.  2,400  ft.  (Nuttall,  1146). 
LECANORACEAE. 

PLACODIUM  DC. 
P.  ELEGANS  (Link.)  D.C. 

On  sandstone  boulders  at  base  of  cliffs,  alt.  1,800  ft.  (Nutt- 
all, 862). 
P.  CERiNUM    (Hedw.)    Naeg.  &  Hepp. 

Monogalia  Co.,  on  bark  of  I'.eech,  Falling-  Run  (Mills- 
paugh,  1357).  On  Rohinia  Pseudaeacia,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nutt- 
all, 1030). 

P.    FERRUGINEUM    (Huds.)    Hepp. 

On  top  of  wet  sandstone  rock  (Nuttall,  1092). 

P.    CAMPTIDIUM   Tuck. 

On  trees  (Nuttall,  1786). 
P.  RUPESTRE  (Scop.)  Br.  &  Rostr. 

Fayette:  near  Quinnimont   {Pollard  &  Mason,  155). 

P.    CINNABARINUM    (Ach.)    Aug. 

On  rock  (Sheldon,  2288). 

LECANORA  Ach. 

L.    COARCTATA  Ach. 

On  pieces  of  sandstone  under  drip  of  wet  cliff',  alt.  1,800  ft. 
(Nuttall,  1780). 
L.  suBFUSCA  (Linn.)  Ach. 

On  trees  and  rocks  (Nuttall,  1038). 
L.  ATRA  (Huds.)  Ach. 

Monongalia  Co.,  on  bark  Liriodendron  log,  newly  felled, 
Falling  Run   (Millspaugh,   1342).     On  flat  exposed  surface 
sandstone  rock,  same  locality  (1287). 
L.  DEPLANANS  Nyl.,  Bot.  Gaz.,  22:334,  (1896). 

Thallus  glauco-cinerascens  tenuis  areolato-rimosus  deter- 
minatus;  apothecia  badio-rufescens  (satis  diluta)  innata  sub- 


156  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

concaviuscula,  latit.  0.5-0.7  mm ;  spora  ellipsoidea,  lono^. 
o. 015-16,  crass.  0.009-1. 010  mm;  epithecium  inspersum.  In 
loto  gelatina  hymenialis  fulvo-rubescens. 

Videtur  species  e  stirpe  Lccanora  ccrvina,  spermatiis  ellip- 
soideis. 

On  rocks  in  bed  of  creek.    Fayette:  Short  Creek,  alt.  1,300 
ft.  (L.  W.  Nuttall  coll.  no  1126). 
L.  VARiA  (Ehrh.)   Nyl. 

On  trees  {Nuttall,  1036). 
L.  FALLESCENS  (Linn.)  Schaer. 

On  trees  and  fence  rails  {Nuttall,  937). 
L.  TARTAREA  (Linn.)  Ach. 

On  sandstone  rocks  {Nuttall,  886). 
L.  CERViNA  (Pers.)  Nyl. 

The  light  colored  form  on  wet  rocks ;  the  dark  form  on 
dry  rocks  {Nuttall,  854). 
L.  PRiviGNxA  (Ach.)  Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rocks  {Nuttall,  1028). 

L.    MURALIS   VERSICOLOR    Fr. 

On  limestone  rocks  {Sheldon,  2654). 
L.  PALLIDA  (Schreb.)  Schser. 

On  bark  {Sheldon,  3790). 

RINODINA  Mass. 
R.  OREiNA  (Ach.)  Mass. 

On  sandstone  rocks  at  base  of  cliff,  alt.  1,800  ft.   [Nuttall, 
952). 
R.  soPHODES  (Ach.)  Nyl. 

On  small  sandstone  rocks  {Nuttall,  1072). 

PERTUSARIA  DC. 
P.  VELATA  (Turn.)  Nyl. 

On  Magnolia  Fraseri  and  other  trees  {Nuttall,  1044). 
P.  MULTIPUNCTA  (Tum.)  Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rocks  in  bed  of  creek  {Nuttall,  1043). 
P.  LEiopLACA  (Ach.)  Schser. 

On  Oak   {Nuttall,  1041). 
P.   PUSTULATA  (Ach.)  Nyl. 

On  trees  {Nuttall,  853). 

P.    CORALLINA    (L.)    Fr. 

Fayette:  near  Quinnimont  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  140). 

THELOTREMA  Ach. 
T.  SUBTILE  Tuck. 

On  trees  {Nuttall,  1056). 


WEST    \-IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURN'EY  1^7 

MYRIANGIUM  Alont.  &  Berk. 
A'l.  DuRiAEi  (Mont.  &  Berk.)   Tuck. 
On  dead  bush  (Niittall,  1062). 

C  L  A  D  O  N  I  A  C  E  AE. 

EPHEBE  E.  Fr. 
E.  LANATA  (L.)  Wain.  (E.  piibcscriis  Fr.). 

On  rocks  in  a  rill  (Sheldon,  3940). 

CLADOMA  Hofifm. 

C.    MITRULA    Tuck. 

Monongalia  Co.,  on  an  old  Beech  log,  Falling  Run  (Mills- 
paugh,  1346). 
C.  CARiosA  (Ach.)  Spreng. 

On  earth,  Fayette  Co.  (Xiitfali,  1066). 
C.    PYXIDATA   (L.)    Fr. 

Monongalia   Co.,    along   Falling   Run,   on  bare   sandstone 
rocks  (Millspaugh,  1281)  ;  on  moss  in  clay  soil  (Millspaiigh, 
1285)  ;  on  decayed  log  (Millspaiigh,  1338)  ;  base  of  Beech  in 
soil  (Millspaugh,  1282)  ;  on  earth  (Nnttall,  1031). 
C.  FiMBRiATA  (Liuu.)  Fr. 

On  an  old  log,  Fayette  Co.  (Nnttall,  1059). 

C.    FIMBRIATA  TUBAEFORMIS   Fr. 

On  an  old  log  (Nnttall,  1059). 
C.   GRACILIS  (L.)   Nyl. 

Monongalia  Co.,  along  Falling  Run,  on  decayed  log  {Mills- 
paugh, 1337;  among  mosses  on  clay  soil  (Millspaugh,  1286). 

C.    VERTICILLATA  Hoffm. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,  2464,  3027). 
C.  cocciFERA  PLEUROTA  (Fckl.)   Schscr. 

On  a  ledge  (Sheldon,  4108). 
C.  DEFORAiis  (L.)  Hoffm. 

On  soil  (Bowers,  2500). 
C.  POLYCARPA  EPiPHY'LLA  iMcrrill  iued. 

On  a  ledge  (Sheldon,  4060). 
C.  STREPSiLis  (Ach.)  Wain. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,  2427). 
C.  suBCARiosA  (Nyl.)  Wain. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,   1298,   1299,  231 1,  2785,  1990). 
C.  SYL\-ATicA  LAxiuscuLA  Wain. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,  3682). 
C.  TURGiDA  (Ehrh.)  Hoffm. 

Growing  with  Polytrichuni  commune  (Sheldon,  1558). 
C.  UNCiALis  (L.)  Web. 

On  soil  (Sheldon,  1231). 


158  TlUi    WEST    \TRGTNIA    FLORA 

C.    GRACILIS  VERTICILLATA   Fr. 

On  earth   {Nuttall,  885). 
C.    SOBOLESCENS  Nyl. 

On  earth  (Nut tall,  839). 
C.  PAPiLLARiA  (Ehrh.)  Hoffm. 

On  earth  (Nuttall,  1068). 
C.  DELicATA  (Ehrh.)  PL 

On  top  of  stump  (Nuttall,  1065). 
C.  CAESPiTiciA  (Pers.)  Fl. 

On  sandstone  rocks  {Nuttall,  1075). 

C.    FURCATA  RACEMOSA  Floerk. 

MonongaHa  Co.,  large  patches  on  ground  under  chestnuts, 
at  Dille's ;  Mercer  Co.,  same  growth  under  oaks,  near  Beaver 
Spring  (Millspaitgh)  on  earth  (Nuttall,  1045). 

C.    RANGIFERINA    (L.),   Hoffm. 

Monongaha    Co.,    on    moss,    Falling    Run     (Millspaugh, 
1361)  ;  on  earth,  rocks  and  fence  rails  (Nuttall,  825). 
C.  MAciLENTA  (Ehrh.)  Hoffm. 

On  rotten  logs  (Nuttall,  1070). 
C.  PULCHELLA  Schwein. 

On  dead  wood  (Nuttall,  838). 

C.    CRISTATELLA  Tuck. 

Monongalia  Co.,  on  an  old  decayed  log,  Falling  Run 
( Millspaugh,  1 336) . 

C.    SYLVESTRIS   L. 

On  the  mountain  between  Barrenshe  Creek  and  Dry  Fork, 
McDowell  Co.,. alt.  1,700  ft.,  Aug.  6,  1900  (Morris,  11 63). 
C.  SQUAMOSA  (Scop.)  Hoffm. 

Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  143).  On 
a  ledge  (Sheldon  4107),  on  a  decaying  log  (2313,  3386),  on 
soil  (2482,  3345,  351 1 ). 

C.    SQUAMOSA  DENTICOLLIS    (Hoffm.)    Flk. 

Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  136). 

L  E  C  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

BAEOMYCES  Pers. 
B.  ROSEus  Pers. 

On  ground  (Nuttall,  873). 

B.    AERUGINOSUS    (Scop.)    DC. 

Sheldon  on  rock  (2.489),  on  decaying  stump  (2468),  on 
black  spruce  bark  (2472). 

BIATORA  Fr. 
B.  RussuLA  (Ach.)  Mont. 

On  bark  of  tree  (Nuttall,  1046). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  159 

B.  VARIANS   (Ach.)  Tuck. 

On  bark  of  tree  (Nuttall,  978). 
B.  ULiGiNOSA  (Schrad.)  Fr. 

On  rotten  stumps  (Nuttall,  1054). 

B.    FULIGINOSA  Ach. 

On  ground  (Nuttall,  1089). 
B.  ScHWEiNiTZii  Tuck. 

On  Rhododendron  maximum  {Nuttall,  1052). 
B.  RUBELLA  (Ehrh.)  Rab. 

On  mossy  trunk  of  tree  {Nuttall,  1029). 
B.  VERNALIS    (L.)    Fr. 

Sheldon  on  Birch  bark   (2475),  on  Picea  rubens  (3741), 
among  mosses  on  a  ledge  (4059). 
B.  ATROGRiSEA  (Deli.)   Heff.  ? 

On  bark  of  Magnolia  acnmiiiata   {Sheldon,  3754). 
B.  Laureri  Hepp. 

On  bark  of  Beech  {Sheldon,  2466). 
B.  RussELLii  Tuck. 

On  limestone  ledge  {Sheldon,  2652). 
B.  HYPNOPHiLA  Turn. 

On  moss  {Sheldon,  3962). 
B.  GRANULOSA  (Ehrh.)  Poetsch. 

On  soil  {Sheldon,  2579). 

B.    INUNDATA   Fr. 

On  sandstone  rock  {Nuttall,  1074). 

B.  suFFUSA  Fr. 

On  bark  of  tree  { Nuttall,  1095). 

COENOGONIUM  Ehrbg. 

C.  INTERPOSITUM    Nyl. 

Growing  with  thallus  of  Cladonia.  Fayette :  near  Quinni- 
mont  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  141,  sterile.) 

LECIDEA  Ach. 

L.  Tennesseensis  Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rock  (Nuttall,  1073). 

L.    FULIGINEA  Ach. 

On  upper  side  of  dead  log-  (Nuttall,  1787). 
L.  NuTTALLii  Calk  &  Nyl,  Bot.  Gaz.,  22:334.     (1896.) 

Apothecia  nigra  parva  ;  epithecium  impressum  ;  spora  fusca 
oviformis  i-septata,  long.  o. 014-16,  crass.  0.005-6  mm.;  hy- 
pothecium  fuscum.  In  toto  gelatina  hymenialis  vinose  ru- 
bescens. 


l6o  THE    WEST    \TRGIXIA    FLORA 

Super    thallum    Ricasolia   sitblaez'is    Nvl.      Fayette :    near 
Nuttallbnrg  (L.  IV.  Nuttall  coll.  no.  1781). 
L.  ViRGiNiENSis  Calk.  &  Nyl.,  Bot.  Gaz.,  22:333,  (1896). 

Thallus  glaucescens  tenuis  Irevigatus  rimulosus  citrino- 
flavus ;  apothecia  fusca  aut  nigra  convexiuscula  immarginata 
latit.  circ.  0.5  mm.,  intus  medio  sordida ;  spora  oblonga  in- 
coloris,  long.  0.009-0.012,  crass.  0.004-6  mm.;  epithecium  et 
pars  media  hypothecii  dilute  fuscescens.  In  toto  gelatina 
hymenialis  coerulescens,  dein  theca  vinose  rubescens. 

E  stirpe  videtur  Lccidca  saiit^iiinco-afra,  prope  Lccidcam 
dclincatani  Nyl. 

On  sandstone  rock  under  the  drip  of  a  wet  cliff.     Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (L.  W.  Nuttall  coll.  no.  1779). 
L.    ERICINA    Nyl. 

Bark  of  trees  {Nuttall,  1047). 

L.    PLATYCARPA    STERIZA    (Ach.)    Nyl. 

On  a  rock  (Sheldon,  4030). 
L.    SPEIREA  Ach. 

Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  134). 
L.  ALBOCOERULESCENS  (Wulf.)   Schjer. 

Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont   (Pollard  &  Maxon,  138). 

L.    CRUSTULATA  Ach. 

On  stones  (Sheldon,  4058). 

BUELLIA  DeNot. 

B.  MYRiocARPA  (DC.)  Mudd. 

On  bark  of  trees  (Nuttall,  1185). 

B.    PETRAEA    (Fl.)    Tuck. 

On  sandstone  rocks  (Nuttall,  1071). 
B.    COLLUDENS  Nyl. 

On  sandstone  (Shcldou,  2289). 

G  R  A  P  H  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

OPEGRAPHA  Humb. 

O.  VARiA  (Pers.)  Fr. 

Bark  of  trees  (Nuttall,  1034). 
O.  ATRA  Pers. 

Bark  of  trees  (Nuttall,  1033). 
O.  MiNUTULA  Merrill  ined. 

On  sandstone  ledge  (SJieldou,  39S7). 


WEST    X'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  l6l 

GRAPHIS  Ach. 

G.  scRiPTA  (Linn.)  Ach. 

On  bark  of  trees  (Nut tall,  1051). 
G.  SCRIPTA  RECTA  Schser. 

On  bark  of  Bctiila  intra  and  of  B.  Icnta  (Niittall,  1026). 
G.   ELEGANS  (Sm.)   Ach. 

On  bark  of  trees,  Fayette  Co.  {Nnttall,  1039). 

G.    DENDRITICA  Ach. 

On  bark  of  Bctii'ia  Icnta,  etc.  (Xnttall,  1037). 
ARTHONIA  Ach.     ■ 

A.    CINNABARINA   Wahr. 

Bark  of  tree  (NttttaU,  939). 
A.  ALEUROMELA  NvL,  Bot.  Gaz.,  22:334.     (1896.) 

Thalkis  albus  subfarinaceus  chrysogonidicus  tenuissimus ; 
apothecia  subrotundata  vel  oblonga,  prominula.  latit.  0.4-0.5 
mm.;  spora  oblongo-oviformis  parte  inferiore  attenuata, 
i-septata,  long,  o.oio-ii,  crass.  0.003  "'"^''-  ^^^  ^^to  gelatina 
hymeniahs  coerulescens,  dein  obscurata. 

Thalkis  detritus  subaureus,  CaCl  vix  reagens.  Gonidia 
chroolepoidea  fulvescentia. 

On  bark  of  Qncrcns  sp.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt. 
2,000  ft.  (L.  W.  Nnttall,  coll.  no.  1182). 
A.  DiSPERSA   (Schrad.)   Nyl. 

On  bark  of  young  Tsnga  Canadensis,  etc.  (Nnttall,  1142). 

A.    ASTROIDEA  Ach. 

On  bark  of  Liriodcndron  Tnlipifcra  (Nnttall,  1816). 

A.    FUNCTIFORMIS   Ach. 

On  bark   (Nnttall   1076). 
A.  TAEDiosA  (Nyl.)  Fr. 

On  bark  '(Nnttall,   1069). 

A.    SPECTABILIS  Fl. 

On  bark   (Nnttall,   1025). 

AGYRIUM  Fr. 

A.  RUFUM    (Pers.)    Fr. 

On  smooth  dead  wood  (Nnttall,  1814). 

C  A  L  I  CI  A  C  E  AE. 

CALICIUM  Pers. 
C.    SUBTILE  Fr. 

On  sticks,  dead  leaves,  etc.,  under  cliff  (N^nttall,  1226). 
C.  TiGiLLARE  (B.  &  Br.)   Sacc. 

On  Pnlyporns  pcrganicnns.  Aug.  2^,,  1893  (Nnttall,  1159). 


l62  THE    W1':ST    \1KGINIA    FLORA 

V  E  R  R  U  C  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

VERRUCARIA  Th.  Fr. 
V.  FUSCELLA  (Turn.)  Ach. 

Summers:  near  Lowell   (Pollard  &  Maxon,  154). 

ENDOCARPON   Hedw. 
E.  MiNiATUM  (Linn.)  Schser. 

On  wet  cliffs  {Nuttall,  1049). 

E.    MINIATUM    MUHGLENBERGII    Schaer. 

On  rocks  {Sheldon,  1595). 
E.  MINIATUM  coMPLicATUM  vSchser. 
On  wet  cliffs   {Nuttall,   1823). 

TRYPETHELIACE  AE. 

TRYPETHELIUM    Spreng. 
T.  VTRENS  Tuck. 

On  Ilex  opaca  {Nuttall,  1040). 

T.    EXOCANTIIUM' Tuck. 

On  Fagus  atropxinicca  {Nnitall,  1181). 
P  Y  R  E  N  U  L  A  C  E  AE. 
PYRENULA  Ach. 

P.    RHYPONTA  Ach. 

On  bark  of  Hamauiclis  Virginica  {Nuttall,  1184). 
P.    NITIDA  Ach. 

On  Betula  lenta  bark  {Nuttall,  1027). 

P.    PACFIYCHEILA  Tuck. 

On  bark  of  Fagus  atropunicea  {Nuttall,  1048). 
P.  FUNCTELLA   (Nyl.)    Williams.        {Vcrrucaria  punctclla  Nyl). 
Summers:   near  Lowell  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  156). 

P.    GLABRATA    (Ach.)    MaSS. 

On  bark  {Sheldon,  3791,  not  fully  characteristic). 


Hepaticae. 


R  I  C  C  1  A  C  E  AE. 

RICCIA  Linn. 
R.  CANALicuLATA  Hoffm.  (RiccicUa  Huitans  A.  Br.). 

The  sterile,  water  form  (syn.  above).  Sandy  soil  along 
edge  of  brook,  Monongalia,  near  Ceredo,  and  on  edge  of 
small  pond,  near  Morgantown   (Sheldon,  3897,  3928). 

M  A  R  C  H  A  N  T  I  A  C  E  AE. 

REBOULIA  Raddi. 

R.  — — — sp.  ? 

A  sterile  specimen  on  earth  and  rock,  Monongalia,  near 
Warntown  (Sheldon,  3631). 

CONOCEPHALUS  Neck. 
C.  coNicus  (Corda)  Schififn.  (Conocephaluin  conicuni  Dum.). 
Monongalia :  on  ground  and  sandstone  boulders  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run  (Millspaugh,  1672)  ;  on  rocks  beside  a 
stream  near  Randall,  same  situation  north  of  Morgantown 
and  on  University  Campus  below  Falling  Run  (Sheldon, 
177,  1308)  ;  also  at  Coopers  Rock  (Post,  1669). 

LUNULARIA  Adans. 
L.  CRUCiATA  (L.)  Dum. 

In  a  greenhouse,  Monongalia:  at  Morgantown  (Sheldon. 
2941). 

MARCHANTIA   (L.)   Raddi. 
M.  FOLYMORPHA  Linn. 

In  various  situations,  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  be- 
tween bricks  of  sidewalk  (Millspaugh),  on  brick  wall  in 
Experiment  Station  greenhouse  (Sheldon,  537)  ;  among 
damp  mosses  base  of  sandstone  boulder,  Tibbs  Run  (Mills- 
paugh), on  earth  near  the  mouth  of  a  coal  mine  at  Richards 
(Sheldon) .  Preston:  around  the  edge  of  a  lime  pile  at  Pis- 
gah,  on  earth  in  spruce  swamp  near  Cranesville  (Sheldon, 
1531,  1462).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette* 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuftall).  Randolph:  on  ground  in  a 
burned  place  at  the  summit  of  Point  Mountain ;  Grant :  in  a 


164  THE    WEST    \TR(1IXIA    ELORA 

similar   situation  near  Bayard ;   Tucker :  in  a  burning-  near 
Blackwater  Falls  (Millspaiigh). 

J  U  N  G  E  R  M  A  N  N  I  A  G  E  A  E. 

(Anacrogyuac.) 

RIGGARDIA  S.  F.  Gray. 

R.  LATiFRONS  Lindb. 

Monongalia,  a  few  plants  growing  witb  Scapania  ncmo- 
rosa  on   the   north   side   of   a   bank   at    Sabraton    (Sheldon, 
2302). 
R.  MULTiFiDA  (L.)   S.  F.  Gray.  {Anciira  iiiultiijda  Dum.). 

Grant:  on  wet  bark  and  wet  decorticated  wood  in  a  deep 
wooded  ravine  near  Bayard    {Mills paugh,  2070). 
R.  piNGUis  (L.)   S.  F.  Gray. 

Fayette:  near  Xuttallburg  (XuttaU). 

METZGERIA  Raddi. 

M.  coNjUGATA  Lindb. 

McDowell:  on  bark  of  Beech,  near  Elkhorn  (MUlspaugJi. 
1513).  Monongalia:  on  bark  of  twig  near  Morgantown 
(Millspaugh,  1671),  and  at  Tibbs  Run  (Andrezvs).  Ran- 
dolph :  with  mosses  on  tree  trunks  near  Gheat  Bridge  (Shel- 
don, 2531).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall). 
M.  CRASSiPiLis   (Lindb.)   Evans. 

Pocahontas :  on  various  tree  trunks  at  Warntown,  Seebert 
and  Granberry  Glades  (Slieldon,  3641,  3619,  3694). 

PALLAVIGINTA   (S.  F.  G.)   Steph. 

P.  Lyellii  (Hook.)    S.  F.  Gray. 

Preston :  on  earth  and  logs  among  mosses  near  Granes- 
ville  (Sheldon,  3484). 

PELLIA  Raddi. 

P.  EPiPHYLLA  (L.)  Gorda. 

Randolph:  on  clay  near  a  spring  at  Pickens  (Millspaugh, 
221 1 ),  and  between  stones  on  a  roadside  near  Gheat  Briclge 
(Sheldon,  2523).     Monongalia:  on  earth  and  rocks  near  a 
spring  at  Morgantown  (Sheldon,  768,  1280). 
P.  Farroniana  Raddi. 

Wayne :   on    bank    of    small    stream    near    Geredo    (Shel- 
don, 3899). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  165 

FOSSOMBRONIA  Raddi. 
F.  WoNDRACZECKii   (Corda)   Dum. 

Monongalia:  on  earth  near  Morgantown  {Sheldon,  2764, 
3190.  3919)- 

(Acrogynae.) 

MARSUPELLA  Dum. 
M.  EMARGiNATA   (Ehrli.)   Dum. 

Randolph :  on  clay  bank  of  a  small  spring  at  Pickens 
{Millspaugh),  Preston:  at  Masontown  {Andrew's). 

NARDIA  S.  F.  Gray. 
N.  CRENULATA   (Smith)   Lindb. 

Monongalia:  at  a  springy  place  near  Easton   (Andre-cvis). 
Randolph :  growing  with   Pellia  epiphylla  at   Cheat   Bridge 
(Sheldon). 
N.  CRENULiFOKMis  (Aust.)  Lindb. 

Monongalia :  a  few  specimens  from  rocks  in  Tibbs  Run 
(Andrezvs) . 

SOLENOSTOMA  Mitten. 
S.  LANCEOLATA  (L.)  Steph.  { J  linger  uiamiia  lanceolata  L.). 

Monongalia:  on  rocks  in  Tibbs  Run  (Andreics). 

APLOZIA  Dum. 

A.  AUTUMNALis  (DC.)  Schiffn.     (Jainesoniella  DC,  Jnngerman- 

nia  Schraderi  Mart). 

Monongalia:  at  Tibbs  Run  {Andrews) .  Randolph:  on  de- 
caying logs  near  Cheat  Bridge  {Sheldon.  2517).  Fayette: 
near  Quinnimont  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  113). 

JUNGERMANNIA  Auth? 
J.  PUMILA  With. 

Greenbrier :  on  log  in  river  at  Durbin. 

LOPHOZIA  Dum. 
L.  Marchica  (Nees.)  Steph. 

Monongalia  :  in  a  wet  place  on  roadside  near  Easton  ( An- 
drezvs) . 
L.  VENTRicosA   (Dicks.)   Dum. 

Alonongalia :  on  ledge  near  Coopers  Rock  {Sheldon.  3024). 

BLEPHAROSTOMA  Lindb. 

B.  TRICHOPHYLLUM    ( L. )    Dum. 

]\Ionongalia :  on  ground  and  sandstone  boulder  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run  {Millspaugh,  1665,  Andrezvs). 


lC)6  THE    WEST    \IRGI-\IA    FLORA 

PLAGIOCHILA  Dnni. 

P.  SuLLivANTii  Gottsche. 

Monongalia:   on    earth   in   vicinity    of   Quarry   Run  (.-i/i- 
P.   PORELLOiD^s  Lindb. 

Monongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  Tibbs  Run,  Grant, 
in  a  deep  ravine  on  wet  stones  and  sand  near  Bayard  (Mills- 
paiigh,  1700,  2000,  2050,  2041). 
P.   viRGiNicA   Evans,   in   Millsp.   Prel.   Cat.   Flora,  W.   Va.,  497 

Growing  in  wide,  depressed,  and  intricate  tufts ;  stems 
ascending  from  a  prostrate  caudex,  simple  or  sparingly 
branched,  sometimes  geniculate  and  rooting  at  the  joints, 
otherwise  eradiculose ;  leaves  contiguous  or  somewhat  im- 
bricated, widely  patent,  ovate  or  rhomboid-ovate,  the  dorsal 
margin  decurrent,  slightly  reflexed,  entire,  the  ventral  mar- 
gin plane  or  reflexed  at  base,  mostly  entire,  the  apex  broad, 
rounded  or  truncate,  sharply  and  irregularly  spinulose  ;  am- 
phigastria  none. 

Stems  I  to  3  cm.  long,  with  the  leaves  i  to  2  mm.  wide ; 
leaves  1.2  mm.  long,  0.7  mm.  wide;  spines  short,  acute, 
separated  by  rounded  sinuses,  varying  in  number  from  2  to 
3  on  each  leaf,  usually  4  or  5 ;  leaf-cells  averaging  0.023 
mm.  in  diameter  in  middle  of  leaf,  thin-walled  and  scarcely 
thickened  at  the  angles. 

Mercer :  on  walls  of  dry  limestone  cave,  Beaver  Spring' 
( Millspaugh ,   1550). 

CHILOCYPHUS  Corda. 
C.  PALLESCENS  (Ehrh.)  Dum. 

Preston:  near  Albright,  on  decaying  log  {Sheldon,  3373). 
C.  POLYANTHUS  (L.)  Corda. 

Pocahontas :  on  decaying  leaves  and  grass  in  Cranberry 
Glades  (Sheldon,  3846);  and  Greenbrier:  on  decaying  log 
at  Durbm  (3766). 

LOPHOCOLEA  Dum. 

L.    BIDENTATA    (L.)    Dum. 

Monongalia:  on  mossy  rocks  by  Quarry  Run   (AndrcTcs). 
L.  HETEROPHYLLA  (Schrad.)  Dum. 

^Tonongalia :   on   earth   near   Easton    (Andrews),   and   at 
Morgantown  (Sheldon,  2846).     Taylor:  on  rocks  and  earth 
at  Fettermann   (Sheldon,  2535). 
L.  MINOR  Nees. 

Wayne:  on  rocks  and  earth  near  Ceredo  (Sheldon,  3895). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 67 

t 

HARPANTHUS  Nees. 
H.  scuTATUs  (Web.  &  Mohr)  Spruce. 

Monong-alia :  on  ground  and  sandstone  boulder  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run,  and  Grant:  on  damp  dead  bark  near 
Bayard  {Mills paugh,  1670;  2020,  2031). 

SACCOGYNA  Dum. 

S.  GRAVEOLENs  (Schrad.)   Lindb.     {Gcocalyx  gravcolcns  Nees.) 
Monongalia:  on  ground  and  sandstone  boulders  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run  (Alillspaugh,  1667;  Andrczv^s). 

CEPHALOZIA  Dum. 

C.   SERRIFLORA   Liudb. 

Monongalia:  on  rotten  wood  near  Tibbs  Run  (Aiidrezvs) 

C.    LUNULAEFOLIA    Dum. 

Randolph:  on  decaying  log  at  Cheat  Bridge  (Sheldon). 
C.  ViRGiNiANA  Spruce. 

Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont  (Pollard  &  Ma.vou,  115a). 
C.  MULTiFLORA  Spruce. 

Monongalia:  on  ground  and  sandstone  boulder  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run,  and  on  wet  hemlock  log ;  Grant :  near 
Bayard   {Millspangh,  1662,  2080). 

NOWELLIA  Mitt. 
N.  cuR\iFOLiA  (Dicks.)  Mitt.  iCephalosia  curvifolia  Dum.). 
r\Ionongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs 
Run,  and  Grant :  on  wet  dead  bark  in  deep  woods  near  Bay- 
ard {Millspangh,  1663,  2021).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{Niittall);  near  Ouinnimont  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  115). 
Monongalia:  on  decaying  wood  at  Tibbs  Run  {An'dretvs). 
Upshur:  on  decaying  log  at  French  Creek,  and  in  same 
situation  in  Randolph:  at  Cheat  Bridge  {Sheldon  200=;, 
2532). 

SPHENOLOBUS  Lindb. 
S.  EXSE^TUS  Steph.  {J linger mannia  exsecta  Schmid.). 

Grant:  on  wet  hendock  log  in  deep  wooded  ravine  {Mills- 
paugh,  2012). 
S.  MicHAuxii  (Web.)  Steph. 

Monongalia:  on  vertical  rocks  at  Cheat  \'iew  {Andrczvs). 
S.  MiNUTUS   (Crantz)    Steph. 

Monongalia  :  on  ledge  near  Coopers  Rock  (Sheldon,  3023). 

PRIONOLOBUS  Spruce. 
P.  Hellerianus   (Nees)    Schiffn. 

Pocahontas:  on  decaving  log  at  Cranberrv  Glades   {Shel- 
don, 3688). 


1 68  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    ELORA 

ODONTOSCHISMA  Dum. 

O.  PROSTRATUM  (Swartz)  Trevis.       (O.  spliagiiiDum.  in  Flora). 
Monongalia :  among  mosses  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep 
woods  at  Tibbs  Run   {Millspaiigh,   1664;  Andrcivs).     Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall). 
O.  DENUDATUM  (Mart.)  Dum. 

Monongalia :  decaying  stumps  and  logs  by  Tibbs  Run 
(Andrezirs) . 

KANTIA  S.  F.  Gray. 

K.  TRicHOMANis(L.)S.  F.  Gray.  {Calypogcia  tvichomanis  Corda). 
Tucker:  on  wet  logs  near  Blackwater  Falls  {Millspaiigh, 
993).  Monongalia  :  on  wet  ground  and  on  sandstone  boulder 
in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs  Run  {Millspaiigh,  1599,  1666),  and 
on  earth  near  Morgantown  {Sheldon,  2765).  Randolph: 
on  damp  sand  near  Pickens  {Millspaiigh,  2207).  Green- 
brier: on  earth  at  Fort  Spring  {Sheldon,  2728). 

BAZZANIA  S.  F.  Gray. 

B.  DEFLEXA  (Mart.)  Underwood. 

Monongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs 
Run  {Millspaiigh,  1661). 

B.  TRiLOBATA  (L.)  S.  F.  Gray. 

Monongalia :  on  bole  of  tree  and  in  wet  depressions  in 
sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs  Run  {Millspaiigh, 
1630,  1640;  Sheldon,  630)  ;  and  on  rocks  among  mosses  at 
Dellslow  (Sheldon,  2282).  Grant:  on  wet  Hemlock  log  near 
Bayard  {Millspaiigh,  2010).  Fayette:  in  deep  woods  near 
Nuttallburg  {Niittall).  Randolph:  abundant  on  earth  and 
decaying  logs  at  Cheat  Bridge,  and  Preston  :  near  Cranes- 
ville  {Sheldon,  2534,  1565). 

B.  TRIANGULARIS   (Schl.)   Liudb. 

Monongalia :  on  rocks  by  a  brook  near  Tibbs  Run  (An- 
dreivs).  Randolph:  on  decaying  logs  at  Cheat  Bridge 
{Sheldon,  2518). 

LEPIDOZIA   Dum. 
Iv.  SYLVATiCA  Evans. 

Monongalia:  on  ground  near  Tibbs  Run  (Andrezvs). 
L.  REPTANS  (L.)   Dum. 

Greenbrier :  growing  on  earth  near  Durbin  {Sheldon, 
3788). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  i6q 

HERBERTIA  S.  F.  Gray. 
H.  ADUNCA  (Dicks.)  S.  F.  Gray. 

Alonongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs 
Run   (Mills patigh,  1659). 

PTILIDIUAI   Nees. 
P.  PULCHERRiAiuM  (Web.)  Hampe. 

Preston:  on  decaying  log  near  Cranesville;  Monongalia: 
on  a  fence  rail  near  Morgantown,  and  Randolph:  at  Cheat 
Bridge    {Sheldon,    1536,   2830,  2515,  2520,   2521). 

TRICHOCOLEA   Dum. 
T.  TOMENTELLA  (Ehrh.)  Dum. 

^IcDowell:  on  roots  in  a  rill  near  Elkhorn  (Millspaui^h, 
1522a).  Grant:  on  wet  sand  in  a  deep  ravine  near  Bayard 
(Millspaitgh,  2040).  Monongalia:  on  rocks  in  Tibbs  Run 
(Andrezvs) . 

DIPLOPHYLLUM  Dum. 
D.  TAxiFOLiuM  (Wahl.)  Dum.     {Diplophylkia  ta.vifoliaTrey.). 
Monongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs 
Run    {J\I  ills  pail  gh,   1669). 

SCAPANT\   Dum. 

S.    NEMOROSA    (L.)    Dum. 

Monongalia:  on  damp  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods 
at  Tibbs  Run  (Millspaugh,  1668),  and  on  north  side  of  a 
bank  at  Sabraton  (Sheldon,  2318).  Randolph:  on  clay  near 
a  sprnig  at  Pickens  ( Millspaugh,  2212),  and  on  rocks  in 
a  stream  at  Cheat  Bridge  (Sheldon,  2516).  Grant:  on  wet 
hemlocklog  in  deep  woods  near  Bayard  (Millspaugh,  2011). 
Greenbrier:  on  rocks  along  stream  at  Fort  Spring/ and  on 
limestone  ledge  at  Durbin  (Sheldon,  2726,  2526) 

S.  UNDULATA   (L.)   Dum. 

Randolph:  on  clay  at  the  marge  of  a  spring  at  Pickens 
(Millspaugh).  Preston:  on  stones  in  a  brook  by  the  road- 
side between  Cranesville  and  Albright,  and  on  stones  in  a 
spring  at  Cranesville   (Sheldon,  i5i"2,   1524). 

RADULA  Nees. 
R.  Xalapensis  Mont. 

Mercer:  on    face  of  a   limestone  cliff  at   Beaver  Sprino- 
(Mills  pa  ugh,  1551). 
R.  tenax  Lindb. 

Monongalia  :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods  at  Tibbs 
Run  (Millspaugh,  1657).  Grant:  on  bark  of  living  Cherrv 
near  Bayard  (.Millspaugh,  2060). 


I/O  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

STEPHANIA    Kuntze. 

S.  coMPLANATA  (L.)  Kuntze.  (Radida  coiiiplanata  Diim.). 

Randolph:  on  tree  trunk  at  Cheat  Bridge  {Sheldon,  2527). 

BELLINCINIA   Raddi. 
B.  PoRELLA  (Dicks.)  Kuntze.  {Porclla  piniiata  Schw.) 

Fayette:  on  rocks  in  the  mist  of  a  fall  near  Gauley  Bridge 
(Millspaugh,  Soy). 

B.  PLATYPHYLLA   ( L. )   Kuntzc.         [Porella  platyphylla  Lindb.). 

Monongalia :  on  bark  of  living  apple  tree  at  Morgantown : 
on  sandstone  boulder  in  Tibbs  Run ;  on  tree  trunks  and 
decaying  logs  west  of  Morgantown  (Millspaugh,  1291,  1292, 
1658;  (Sheldon,  1620).  Mercer:  on  oak  log  at  Bluefield  and 
on  limestone  ledge  at  Beaver  Spring  (Millspaugh,  1448, 
1530).  Upshur:  at  French  Creek;  Preston:  at  Cranesville, 
Greenbrier:  at  Durbin;  Randolph:  at  Cheat  Bridge  (Shel- 
don, 2069,  1546,  2264,  2519). 

COLOLEJEUNEA  Spruce. 

C.  BiDDLECOMiAE   (Aust.)    Evaus. 

Monongalia  :  on  a  ledge  at  Sturgisson,  and  Preston :  on  a 
decaying  log  at  Cranesville   (Sheldon,  3282,  3426). 

MICROLEJEUNEA  Spruce. 

M.  LUCENS   (Taylor)    Evans. 

Between  McDowell  and  Tazewell :  on  dripping  limestone 
along  Horsepen  Creek  (Morris,  iii6b). 

LEJEUNEA  Lindb. 
L.  cAvi FOLIA  (Ehrh.)   Lindb. 

Monongalia :   a   small    form   growing   on    rocks   in   Tibbs 
Run  (Andreivs). 
L.  cucuLLATA  N.  ab  E. 

Randolph:  ad  rupes  madidas  in  jugo  Cheat  IN'Iountains 
(Sullivant  Musci.  Allegh.  65). 

CHEILOLEJEUNEA    Spruce. 
S.  PHYLLOBOLA   (Nccs  &  Mont.)   Schiffu. ? 

]\Ionongalia :  on  Sweet  birch  near  Coopers  Rock  (Shel- 
don, 3022). 

HARPALEJEUNEA  Spruce. 
H.  ovATA  (Hook.)  Schififn. 

]\Ionongalia :  on  stone  at  edge  of  brook  at  Oliver ;  on 
trunk  of  Sycamore  growing  in  Quarry  Run  (Sheldon,  2916, 
3021). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I7I 

JUBULA  Dum. 
J.  Pennsylvanica   (Steph.)    Evans.      {Jiihula  HiitcJiiiisiae  Siil- 
livantii  Spr.). 

Monongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  Tibbs  Run,  and 
McDowell:  on  rocks  in  stream  at  Elkhorn  {Mills paugh, 
1655,   1509)- 

FRULLANIA  Raddi. 
F.  Asa-Grayana  Mont. 

Monongalia:  on  sandstone  boulder  in  Tibbs  Run  (Mills- 
pangh,  1654).  Randolph:  clinging  to  face  of  dry  sand- 
stone boulder  at  Pickens;  at  Cheat  P)ridge  {Millspaiigh, 
2206;  Sheldon,  2524).  Preston:  rather  common  on  trees 
and  rocks  near  Cranesville,  and  Monongalia :  Lick  Run ;  also 
in  Greenbrier:  at  Durbin  and  Ronceverte  {Sheldon,  1564, 
1214,  2262,  1076). 
F.  souarrosa  (R.  B1.  &  N.)  Dum. 

Upshur:  at  French  Creek  {Sheldon,  2094).     Monongalia: 
on  trees  by  Deckers  Creek  and  west  of  Mor^antown   {An- 
drczus,  Sheldon,   1259). 
F.  riparia  Hampe. 

Monongalia:  on  trunk  of  Sugar  maple  at  Lick  Run  {Shel- 
don, 2983). 
F.  PLANA  Sulliv. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Ahtttall). 

F.    EBORACENSIS    Gottschc. 

Monongalia :  on  trees  near  Deckers  Creek,   ]Morgantown 
(Andrezvs).     Greenbrier:  on  tree  trunks  at  Durbin   {Shel- 
don, 1074). 
F.  Brittonae  Evans. 

Monongalia :  on  trees  near  Cheat  River  by  Ices  Ferry, 
and  Preston:  near  Masontown  (Andrezvs). 

ARCHILEJEUNEA  Spruce. 
A.  CALYPEATA    (Schw.)    Schiffu.      {Lejeunea  calypeata   Schw.). 
Monongalia:  on  sandstone  boulder  in  Tibbs  Run   {Mills- 
paiigh, 16^6).    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A^j/^fff//).    Green- 
brier :   on   rock  and   base   of   tree   along   a   stream   at    Fort 
Spring  (Sheldon,  2720). 

ANTHOCEROTACEAE. 

NOTOTHYLAS  Sulliv. 
N.  ORBICULARIS  (Schw)   Sulliv. 

Monongalia :  edge  of  small  pond  and  stream  near  Mor- 
gantown ;  Marshall :  banks  of  the  Ohio  River  at  Mounds- 


172  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

ville ;    Wayne :    edge    of   brook   in    sandy    soil    near    Ceredo 
{Sheldon,  3518,  3921,  3888,  3900). 

ANTHOCEROS  Syn.  Hep. 

A.    LAEVIS    L. 

Monongalia :  abundant  along  side  of  road  and  bank  near 
Morgantown.  and  Greenbrier :  on  rocks  along  stream  at  Fort 
Spring  {Sheldon,  67,  2725).  Wvoming :  on  dripping  lime- 
stone, along  the  Guyandot  River  below  Bailyville  {Morris. 
1221). 
A.   PUNCTATUS  L. 

Monongalia :  in  a  gutter  along  a  roadside  in  Morgantown 
{Sheldon,  2577). 

SPHAGNACEAE. 

SPHAGNUM,  L. 

S.    IMBRICATUM    AFFINE    (R.    &    C.)     Wamst. 

Monongalia :   at   Tibbs  Run   and  at  Lick   Run ;   Preston : 
near  Cranesville   {Sheldon,  629,  3966,   1548). 
S.  Magellanicum  Brid. 

Preston:  near  Cranesville  {Sheldon,  3457). 
S.  RECURVUM  Beauv. 

Preston :   near   Cranesville ;   and    Pocahontas :  near   Cran- 
berry Glades   {Sheldon,   1535,  3459,  3677,  3678). 
S.   CYMBiFOLiuM,   Ehrh. 

Common  in  wet  glades,  and  in  deep  wooded  rills.  Pres- 
ton :  Kingwood  and  Terra  Alta.  WelDster :  at  Welsh,  Long 
and  Collett's  Glades.  Fayette :  glade  above  Nuttallburg. 
Randolph:  in  the  spruce  forests  {Millspaugh) .  Monon- 
galia: Deckers  Creek  valley  near  Morgantown  {Andre-ws). 
Randolph:  in  Blister  Swamp  {Moore). 
S.  CYMBIFOLIUM  souARROSULUM  Bry.  Ger. 

Monongalia:   along   Tibbs   Run    {Millspaiti^h,   Andreses). 

S.   GIRGENSOHNII  Russ. 

Boggy  places.     Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades  {Sheldon). 
S.  ouiNOUEFARiuM   (Braith.)  Warnst. 

Randolph:  in  Blister  Swamp   {Moore). 

ANDREAEACEAE. 

ANDREAEA  Ehrji. 

A.  RUPESTRis  Hedw. 

Monongalia :  on  rocks  at  summit  of  ridge  near  Cheat  View 
{Andrezv's) . 


Musci. 


DICRANACEAE. 

PLEURIDIUiAI  Brid. 

P.  ALTERNiFOLiuM  (Kaulf.)  Rab. 

Monongalia :  groinid  on  Dorseys  Knob  near  Alorgantown 
(Aiuirc-a's).    Jefferson:  near  Harpers  Ferry  (Sulli'i'aiif). 

DITRICHUAI  Timm. 

(Leptotrichtim,  Hampe.) 

D.  PALLIDUM  (Schreb.)  Hampe.  Trichostomnin  pallidum,  Hedw. 
fiercer :  on  ground,  oak  woods,  Bluefield.  McDowell :  on 
clay,  open  woods,  Elkhorn.  Monongalia  :  on  clay  of  open 
woods,  Tibb's  Run  (Millspaugh,  1458,  1492,  1495,  1500, 
1598).  Fayette:  near  Xuttallburg  (Xuffall).  Pocabontas  • 
on  fresb  soil  along  a  log  road  near  Cranberry  Glades  (Shel- 
don, ^74^). 

D.  TORTILE  (Scbrad.)  Hampe. 

Fayette:  near  Quinnimont  {Pollard  &  Maxon,  105). 

CERATODON,  Brid. 

C.  PURPUREUS   (L.)    Brid. 

Monongalia :  on  dry  sandstone  boulder,  Morgantown ; 
Tibb's  Run  (Millspangh,  1390,  1633).  Fayette:  near  Nut- 
tallburg  (Nnttall). 

DICRANELLA,  Scbimp. 

D.  iiETEROMALLA   (L.)    Scbimp. 

Monongalia :  on  ground  under  rail  fence,  The  Flats ;  on 
wet  coal  entrance  of  coal  pit,   Georgetown ;  on   ground   in 
woods,  Tibb's  Run    ( Mills l^augJi,   1362,    1378,   1638).    Fay- 
ette: Nuttallburg  (Xuttall). 
D.   RUFESCENS    (Toum.)    Schp. 

Monongalia :  valley  of  Deckers  Creek  near  Lick  Run 
(Andrezii's) . 

D.  VARiA   (Hedw.)   Schp. 

^Monongalia :  near  the  road  in  the  vicinity  of  Easton 
(Andrczi's). 


174  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

RHABDOWEISIA  Bry.   Eu. 
R.  FUGAX  (Hechv.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

On  ledge  and  roots  of  various  trees  at  McKinneys  Cave 
near  Bretz,  Monongalia ;  on  a  ledge  near  Coopers  Rock, 
and  on  a  sandstone  ledge  at  Tibbs  Run  (Sheldon,  4169, 
3039.4355)- 

DICRANUM,  Hedw. 

D.   FLAGELLARE  Hedw. 

Monongalia:  on  decayed  oak  log,  Tibb's  Run  (Mills/'augh, 
1593).    Fayette  :  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
D.  scopARiuM   (L.)   Hedw. 

Grant :  on  ground  in  damp  woods.  Bayard.  ]\Ionon- 
galia :  on  ground,  the  Flats ;  on  decayed  log,  Georgetown ; 
loc.  cit.,  Tibb's  Run.  Mercer:  in  tufts  at  base  of  stump, 
Bluefield,  and  on  decayed  log  (Millspaugh,  1398,  1382,  1601, 
1476,  1464).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
D.  FULVUM  Hook. 

Fayette:  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
D.  Drummondii  Muell. 

On  the  mountain  between  Barrenshe  Creek  and  Dry  Fork,. 
McDowell  County,  altitude  1,700  feet,  August  6,  1900  (Mor- 
ris^. 1 1 65). 
D.  MONTANUM  Hedw. 

Monongalia  :  decayed  spot  in  a  tree  near  Dellslow  (An- 
drews). 

D.   LONGl FOLIUM   Hcdw. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
D.  FuscESCENS  Tum. 

Randolph:  near  Cheat  Bridge  (Sheldon,  2538). 

DICRANODONTIUM   Br.   &  Sch. 

D.  DENUDATUM  (Brid.)  E.  G.  B.  (D.  Virginicus  E.  G.  B). 

I^Ionongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  along  a  woodland  path, 
Tibb's  Run   (Millspaugh,  1635). 

Plants  bright  glossy  green,  stems  matted  below  by  a  red 
tomentum,  leafy  nearly  to  apex,  denudate  roughened  above, 
with  a  few  leaves  at  summit ;  leaves  erect  or  secund,  straight 
or  curled  and  twisted,  often  5  mm.  long,  narrowly  subulate 
from  a  short,  thick  base,  caducous  ones  with  a  long,  slender, 
smooth  point ;  persistent  ones  serrate,  blade  inflexed  cells 
densely  chlorophyllose,  filled  with  oil  globules,  those  of  the 
basal  angles,  clear.  Dioecious,  the  antheridia  terminal  in 
conspicuous  heads,  bracts  brown  at  base,  apex  subulate, 
serrate ;  perichretial  bracts  3  to  4  mm.  long,  from  a  short 
base,  suddenlv  sulnilate,  dentate  at  apex ;  pedicels  lateral  by 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


175 


the  growth  of  innovations,  a  to  2  cm.  long",  pale,'  glossy 
yellow,  twisted  in  two  directions,  very  slender,  arcuate  when 
young,  becoming  erect  before  capsules  mature.  Capsule 
cylindric,  ribbed  only  at  the  mouth,  U  to  2  mm.  long,  beak- 
straight  or  curved,  shorter  than  the  capsule,  peristome'^bright 
red,  not  deep  set,  teeth  split  unequally  to  middle,  striolate  at 
base,  pale  and  granulose  above,  annulus  none,  spores  small, 
calyptra  cucullate,  2  mm.  long,  beaked,  entire.  Maturing  in 
summer. 

Differs  from  European  specimens  of  D.  longirostre  col- 
lected by  Seringe ;  in  the  longer,  paler,  more  slender,  scarcely 
arcuate  pedicels,  longer  capsules,  peristome  not  deep  set,  and 
teeth  split  only  to  the  middle,  more  united  than  figured  in 
the  Bryologia  Europaea,  Table  88.  It  may  be  distinguished 
from  Campylopus  Virginiciis,  also  remarkable  for  it's  cadu- 
cous leaves,  by  the  longer,  more  slender  subulate  point, 
which  is  entire  or  minutely  serrate  and  smooth  on  the  back, 
by  the  thick  base,  with  inflexed  blades,  and  by  the  shape  of 
the  basal  cells  at  the  angles. 

Monongalia,  on  sandstone  boulder  deep  woods,  Tibb's 
Run  (Millspangh,  1596).  Campylopus  nexiiosus,  Sull.  not 
Brid.     D.  Millspaugliii  E.  G.  B. 

Plant  slight  yellowish  green,  silky,  cespitose ;  stems  mat- 
ted with  rufous  tomentum  at  base,  i   to  3  cnL  long,  a  few 
denudate,  roughened  by  the  fragments  of  the  slighfly  cadu- 
cous leaves.     Leaves  secund  or  erect-spreading,  4  to  5  mm. 
long,   narrowly   subulate   from   a  broad  base  "i    to    U   mm. 
long  becoming  tubular  above   with   inrolled   margins,'  basal 
angles  not  auricled,  filled  by  large  hyaline  cells  to  the  base 
of  the   broad,   brown   vein,    those   of   the   blade   oblong   or 
square  next  the  vein  becoming  spindle-shaped  and  prosenchy- 
matous  toward  the  margin,  vein  thick,  excurrent  into  a  den- 
tate   slender   tip,    rough    on    back.      Dioecious,    perichstium 
5  to  7  mm.  long,  bracts  sheathing  half  their  length,  taper- 
ing to  a  long,  slender,  obscurely  serrate  tip,  outer  shorter, 
abruptly  subulate,  more  sharply  serrate;  pedicels   recurved, 
burying  the  capsules  among  the  leaves,  becoming  erect  when 
old,  5  to  8  mm.  long,  stout  and  twisted  in  two  directions; 
capsules    pyriform-cylindric    with    a    distinct    neck,    length 
about   I   mm.  without  the  lid.  which  is  as  long  a?  the  rest 
of  the  capsule,  with  a  straight  beak,  calyptra  cucullate,  entire ; 
peristome   red,    connivent,   teeth   deep   set,   slender,    split   to 
middle,    or    perforate    to    base,    striolate    below,    granulose 
above ;  annulus  none,  mouth  bordered  by  a  dense,  "dark  rim. 
Maturing  in  summer,  old  capsules  persistent,  not  sulcate. 

Differs  from  European  specimens  of  D.  longirostre  in  the 
structure  of  the  base  of  the  leaf,  lacking  the  suddenlv  in- 


lyb  Tin-:  wkst  \irginia  flora 

flaled  basal  auricles ;  dififerino-  also  in  the  cells  above  the 
base,  teeth  not  split  to  base,  occasionally  only  perforate. 
From  D.  Virginicns  it  may  be  distinguished  by  the  less 
caducous  leaves,  shorter,  stouter,  more  arcuate  pedicels, 
smaller  capsules,  and  longer  sheathing  perich?etium. 

Through  the  kindness  of  Dr.  Robinson  I  have  been  able 
to  compare  these  specimens  with  those  collected  by  Sul- 
livant  on  Grandfather  Mt.  in  1843.  His  also  are  fruiting, 
and  an  excellent  drawing  is  preserved,  hence  I  am  able  to 
assert  that  the  specimens  are  almost  identical.  SuUivant's 
showing  no  naked  stems,  but  many  of  the  leaves  are  cadu- 
cous. Dr.  Braithwaite  kindly  compared  the  West  Virginia 
specimens  with  Camp\Iop]ts  pyriforinis,  sending  me  speci- 
mens of  this  and  the  varjety  MiiUcri,  and  sketches  of  the 
bases  of  the  leaves.  It  is  evident  that  Sullivant  was  mis- 
taken in  referring  his  specimens  to  C.  fiextiosiis,  as  they  are 
more  closely  allied  to  Dicranodontium  longirostrc,  var.  al- 
p'mus. 

LEUCOBRYACEAE. 

LEUCOBRYUM  Hampe. 
L.  GLAucuM  (L.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia:  on  ground  in  woods.  The  Flats  ( Millspaugh, 
1399).     Fayette:  Nuttallburg   {NnttaJl). 

FISSIDENTACEAE. 
FISSIDENS,  Hedw. 

F.    MINUTULUS    Sulliv. 

Monongalia:  on  rocks  in  Aarons  Run  {Sheldon,  3934). 

F.    OBTUSIFOLIUS    Wils. 

Monongalia  :  on  walls  of  Lock  No.  9,  Monongahela  River 
{Jennings). 

F.    ADIANTOIDES    (L.)    Hcdw. 

Monongalia:  on  shaly  rocks  under  clitT,  Cassville   (Mills- 
paugJi,   1423). 
F.  DECiPiENS  DeNot. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (A^iiftall). 

F.    SUBBASILARIS    Hcdw. 

Summers:  near  Lowell  (Pollard  &  Mason.  117).  Up- 
shur, on  a  tree  trunk  at  French  Creek  (Sheldon.  2093). 

E  N  C  A  L  Y  P  T  A  C  E  AE. 
ENCALYPTA  Schreb. 
E.  STREPTOCARPA  Hcdw.  (Lcersia  streptocarpa  Lindb.). 

■\Iercer:  face  dry  limestone  clifif,  Beaver  Spring  (Mills- 
paugh,  1552)  ;  near  Big  Spring  (Sullh'ant). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICx\L    SURVEY  177 

P  O  T  T  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

DESMATODON  Brid. 
D.  PoRTERi  James. 

Jackson :  on  sandstone  rock  near  Ravenswood   (Sheldon, 
2388). 

TORTULA,  L. 

T.  MURALis  (L.)  Hedw.  Barbitla  muralis  (L.)  Trin. 

Mercer:  on  sandstone  ledge,  Beaver  Spring  {Millspaugh^ 
1553)- 

TORTELLA  C.  'M. 
T.  HUMiLis  (Hedw.j.     B.  cacspitosa,  Schwaegr.  Barbula  humilis 
Hedw. 

•Mercer:  roots  of  oak,  Bluefield  {Millspaugh,  1447).     Fay- 
ette: Nuttallburg  [Nuttall). 
T.  UNGUicuLATA   (Huds.  )•  Barhidu  iinguicidata  Hedw. 

Greenbrier:  on  rocks  along  rill  near  Fort  Spring;  Monon- 
galia :   on    Front    Street   curb   stone   and   on    stone    pile    in 
South  Park,  Morgantown  (Sheldon,  2803.  2051,  2279). 
T.  TORTUOSA   (L.)   Limpr.  Barbula  tortuosa  W.  &  M. 

Monongalia:  in  sand  under  boulder.  Camp  Eden   {Mills- 
pan  gh,   1395). 

WEISIA  Hedw. 
W.  viRiDULA  Hedw.  (Mollia  viridiila  Lindb.). 

McDowell :  on  ground,  open  woods,  Elkhorn  (Millspaugh, 
1496,  1497).    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

G  R  I  M  M  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

GRIM  MIA  Ehrh. 

G.  APocARPA  (L.)   Hedw. 

Monongalia:  on  rocks  in  Tibbs  Run  (Ajidrezcs). 

RHACOMITRIUM  Brid. 
R.  ACicuLARE   (L.)   Brid. 

Monongalia:  at  Tibbs  Run  (.-^ndreics). 

ORTHOTRICHACEAE. 
DRUMMONDIA  Hook. 

D.   CLANELLATA   Hook. 

Aionongalia  :  on  a  tree  near  Easton  (Andrezcs) . 


178  Till-:  \\i:sr  xikgima  flora 

ORTHOTRICHUAI  Hcdw. 

O.    PORTERI    Aust. 

Berkeley :    on    outcropping    limestone    near    Alarlinsburg 
{Sheldon,  2653). 
O.  Braunii  Br.  &  Sch.  O.  strangulatum,  Beauv. 

Monongalia :    on    bark    living    apple    tree,    Alorgantown 
{Millspaugh,  1288). 
O.  Ohioense  S.  &  L. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niiltall). 

ULOTA  Brid. 
U.  Americana  (P.B.)   Mitt.  (U.  Hntchinsiae  Sclip.). 

Wcissia    Aiiicricana    Lindb.    Monongalia:    on    dry    sand- 
stone boulder  at   Camp  Eden    {MiUspaugh,    1390),  and  on 
rocks  in  Tibbs  Run  {Andreivs).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 
U.   ULOPHYLLA   (Ebrh.)    Brotb.      (IVcisia   ulopJiylla  Ehrh.) 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
U.  LuDWiGii  Brid. 

Greenbrier:  on  trunk  of  Bircb  near  Durbin,  and  Poca- 
hontas, at  Cranberry  Glades    (Sheldon,    1044,  3673). 

FUNARIACEAE. 

EPHEMERUM  Hpe. 

E.  crassinervium    (Schwgr.)   Cen. 

Inundated   lands  along  the    Kanawha  River    (Siilli'c'aiit'). 

FUNARIA   Schreb. 

F.  hygrometica   (L.)   Sibth. 

Monongalia :    in    soil    on    sandstone    boulder,    Tibb's    Run 
(Millspaii'i^h,  1615,  1617).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xiiti- 
all). 
Var  patula  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia  :  on  rocks  lining  a  sj^ring,  the  Flats  ;  in  cinders 
of  an  old  camp  fire.  Camp  Eden  (MiUspaugh,  1376,  1293). 
F.   FLAVICANS  Mich>^'. 

Monongalia  :  on  damp  sand  in  a  "burning,"  Little  Falls ; 
loc.  cit.,  Ivlorgantown    (MiUspaugh,   1277,   1339)- 

APHANORRHEGMA  Sull. 
A.  SERRATUM  (Hook.  &  Wils.)  Sulliv. 

Monongalia :  Roadside  leading  from  North  Front  Street, 
and  south  side  of  Deckers  Creek  at  the  mouth  of  Aarons 
Run,   Morgantown    (Sheldon,  2689,   3973.  4314)- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I79 

PHYSCOMITRIUM  Brid. 
P.  PYRiFORME  (L.)   Brid. 

Alonongalia  :  on  top  of  soil  of  field  that  had  been  ploughed 
and  harrowed  only  eight  days  before,  Morgantown ;  on 
ground  marshy  spot,  Dille's  {Millspaugli,  1278,  1403). 

BRYACEAE. 

POHLIA  Hedw. 
P.  NUTANS  (Schreb.)  Lindb. 

On  decaying  wood  and  on  soil.  Monongalia  :  near  Alor- 
gantown  (4948);  Preston:  near  Cranesville  (1525,  3458): 
near  Terra  Alta  (3472);  Preston:  at  McKinney's  Cave 
near  Bretz  (4074)  ;  Preston:  near  Oak  Park  (4067,  4984) 
(all  numbers  Sheldon). 

MNIOBRYUM   Schimp. 
M.  ALBICANS  (Wahl.)  Limpr. 

Monongalia:  edge  of  stream  near  Oliver  {Sheldon,  2921). 

BRYUM  L. 
B.  BiMUM  Schreb. 

Monongalia:  on  shale  under  ledge,  Cassville  (Millspaiigh, 
1424)- 

B.    ARGENTEUM    L. 

Monongalia :   fissures   between   bricks  of   walks,   ]\Iorgan- 
town  {Millspaui^h,  1335).    Favette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). 
B.  INTERMEDIUM  Brid. 

Monongalia  :  near  Ivlorgantown,   ]\Iiddle  Ferry  and  Eick 
Run  (Sheldon,  167,  169.  1268,  2340.  3957).    Dr.  Grout  pro- 
nounces 2340  not  typical. 
B.  PSEUDOTRiouETRUM    (Hedw.)   Schwaegcr? 

Monongalia:  on  railroad  bank  at  Sturgisson  (Sheldon, 
186). 

Doubtfully  referred  by  Dr.  Grout. 
B.  PROLiFERUM  (L.)  Sibth.  (B.  rosenni  Schreb.) 

Mercer :  on  roots  of  Oak  near  Bluefield ;  McDowell :  on 
decayed  wood  at  Elkhorn  (Millspangh,  1449,  1502),  and 
along  Horsepen  Creek  (Morris,  11 19). 

B.  CAPILLARE  L. 

Monongalia:  at  Quarry  Run    (Andrezi's). 

B.  CAESPITICIUM   L. 

Monongalia:  near  Drv  Run   (Andrezcs). 


l80  THE    WEST    \IKGINIA    ELORA 

LEPTOBRYUM,  Wils. 
L.  PVRiEORME  (L.)  Wils.  (Bryum  pyriformc,  Hcdw.) 

Monongalia:  on  sandstone  boulder,  Tibb's  Run  (Mills- 
paugh,   (1616,   1633). 

M  N  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

MNIUM   Linn. 
M.  MARGINATUM   (Dicks.)   Beauv. 

Mononqalia  :  on  rocks  near  Dellslow  {Sheldon,  3209). 
M.  AFFiNE  Bland. 

Monongalia:  near  Dr}-  Run   (Andre-ws). 
M.  cuspiDATUM  Hedw.  {Astropliyllum  sylvaticiiin  LindbV 

Monongalia:  on  soil  at  Morgantown;  on  a  dry  boulder  by 
Cheat  River,   and  on   a   stone  in  a  swampy  spot  at  Dille's 
(Millspaugh,  1359,  1397,  1583).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{Nuttall). 
M.  ROSTRATUM  Schrad.  {Astropliyllum  rostratttm  Lindb.) 

Grant :  on  wet  logs  at  Bayard ;  Monongalia :  on  decayed 
wood  at  the  Flats ;  McDowell :  on  roots  in  a  rill  near  Elk- 
horn  {Millspaugh,  1^77^  1523)- 
M.  PUNCTATUM  (L.)  Hedw.     {Astrophyllmn  punctatuni  Schreb.) 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 
M.  HORNUM  L.  {Astro phylhmt  hornum  Lindb.) 

Monongalia:  on  sand  in  a  rill  at  Tibbs  Run  {Millspaugh, 
1604.)     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 

A  U  L  A  C  O  M  N  I  A  C  E  AE. 

AULACOMNIUM  Schw. 

A.  HETERosTiciiuM  Br.  &  Sch.         {Sphaerocephahts  Britt.  m.) 

Monongalia  :  on  coal,  entrance  to  coal  pit,  Georgetown ; 
hanging  from  sandstone  boulder,  Tibb's  Run,  Camp  Eden 
(1392);  on  rocky  ledge,  Cassville.  McDowell:  on  sandy 
bank  of  rill,  Elkhorn  {Millspaugh,  1319,  1607,  1414,  1520). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 

B  ARTRAMI  ACEAE. 

BARTRAMIA  Hedw. 

B.  poMiFORMis  (L.)  Hedw. 

Mercer :  on  bole  dead  tree,  Bluefield.  Monongalia :  on 
sandstone  boulder,  deep  woods,  Tibb's  Run  {Millspaugh, 
1609).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  On  ground, 
Greenbrier  Co..  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3.300  ft.  {Small  & 
Vail). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  l8l 

l'''ar  CRISPA    (Sw.)    Schimp. 

Monongalia:  on  rock  led^e,  Cassville  (Millspaugh,  1417. 
1418). 

PHILONOTIS  Brid. 
P.  FONTANA   (L.)    Brid. 

Mercer:  on  sandstone  ledge  in  rill,  Beaver  Spring  (Mills- 
paugh, I 561). 

W  E  B  E  R  A  C  E  A  E. 

WEBERA  Ehrh. 
W.  PROLiGERA  (Lindb.)   Kindb. 

Monongalia:  near  Lick  Run   {Andrezvs). 
W.  SESSiLis  (Schm.)  Lindb.  (Diphysciuui  foliosum  Mohr.) 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

B  U  X  B  A  U  M  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

BUXBAUMIA  Haller 
B.  APHYLLA  Linn. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 

GEORGIACEAE. 

GEORGIA  Ehrh. 
G.  PELLUCIDA   (L.)   Rabenh.  Tctraphis  pellucida,  Hedw. 

Monongalia:  on  sandstone  boulder,  Tibb's  Run  (Mills- 
paugh,  1606,   1610,   1634). 

POLYTRICHIACEAE. 

POGONATUM  Palis. 

P.  BREVicAULE  Beauv.  (Polytrichum  tenne  Menz.) 

North  slopes  on  Road  Run,  Wyoming  County,  August  12, 

1900  (Morris,  1176).   Monongalia:  roadside  bank  near  Mor- 

gantov/n,  and  on  ground  at  Tibb's  Run  (Millspaugh,  1612). 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

POLYTRICHUM  L. 

P.    COMMUNE    L. 

Preston:  on  ground  in   open  woods,   Terra  Alta    (Mills- 
paugh). 
P.  Ohioense,  Ren.  &  Card.  P.  formosum,  SuU.  not  Hedw. 

Monongalia :  on  ground,  Morgantown ;  a  large  form  on 
ground  Tibb's  Run ;  an  extremely  small  form,  with  minute 
capsules  on  sandstone  boulder,  loc.  cit.     Mercer :  on  ground 


l82  THE    WEST    \TRGINIA    FLORA 

in    oak    woods,    Blnefield    (Millspaitgh,    1536,    1600,    161 1, 
1453)-      Grant:   on    decayed    logs,    Bayard.      P'avette :   near 
Nuttallbiirg  {Nuttall). 
P.  piLiFERUM,  Schreb. 

Monongalia  :  on  bare  sandstone  ledge,  Falling  Run  (Mills- 
paitgh, 1299). 

CATHARINAEA,  Ehrh. 
C.  ANGUSTATA,   Brid.  AtricJiimi  angtistatum,  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia,  on  ground  in  marsby  spot,  Morgantown. 
Mercer:  rocks  in  rill,  Beaver  Spring  (Millspaugh,  1406, 
1495).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  UNDULATA  (L.)  Web.  &  Mohr.  Atrichum  undulatuui,  Beauv. 
Monongalia :  on  ground  in  marshy  spot,  Morgantown. 
McDowell:  on  roots  in  stream,  Elkborn  {Millspaugh,  1404, 
1522).     Fayette,  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 

H  E  D  W  I  G  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

HEDWIGIA   Ehrh. 
H.  ciLiATA  Ehrh. 

Monongalia  :  on  dry  exposed  boulders  and  rocks  at  The 
Flats  {Millspaui^h,  1400).  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). 

H.    CILIATA    SECUNDA    Schp. 

Monongalia :  nicely  fruited  specimens  with  varietal  char- 
acters well  marked  on  rocks  in  Tibbs  Run,  and  on  boulders 
near  Dry  Run    (Andre-cvs). 

F  O  N  T  I  N  A  L  A  C  E  A  E. 

FONTINALIS  Dill. 

F.  Dalecarlica  Bry.  Eu. 

Monongalia:  along  Tibbs  Run   { Andrews) . 

C  L  I  M  A  CI  A  C  E  AE. 

CLTMACIUM  W.  &  M. 

C.  Americanum  Brid. 

Monongalia:   on   a  moist   sandstone   ledge   near   Cassville 
(Millspaugh,  1413). 
C.  Americanum  Kindbergii  R.  &  C. 

Preston:  in  glades  near  Masontown  (Andrews). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  183 

LEUCODONTACEAE. 

LEUCODON,  Schwaeger. 

L.  juLACEus  (Hedw.)   Sull. 

Mercer :  on  limestone  ledge,  Beaver  Springs ;  McDowell : 
on  rocks  in  rill,  Elkhorn ;  Monojigalia :  on  oak  log,  Tibb's 
run  {MiUspangh,  1532,  1508,  1590). 

L.  BRACHYPUS  Brid. 

Grant:  on  wet  rotten  log.  Bayard    ( iMillspaiigh,  937). 

N  E  C  K  E  R  A  C  E  AE. 

NECKERA   Hedw. 
N.  PENNATA  (L.)  Hedw. 

Tucker :  on  tree  trunks,  Blackwater  Falls  ( Millspaugh, 
965).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  [Nuttall). 

LEPTODON  Mohr. 
L.  TRiCHOiiiTRiON   (Hcdw.)   Mohr. 

Monongalia  :  on  a  tree  near  the  river  at  Ices  Ferry ;  and 
Preston:  near  Masontown   (Andrezi's). 

THAMNIUM   Bry.   Eu. 
T.  Allegheniense  (CM.)  Bry.  Eu. 

jMonongalia :   near   Tibbs   Run    (Andrczcs). 

F  A  B  R  O  N  I  A  C  E  AE. 

ANACAMPTODON  Brid. 
A.  SPLACHNOIDES   (Frol.)    Brid. 

Monongalia :  in  a  knot  hole  of  an  apple  tree  at  Lick  Run 
(Sheldon,  3337). 
A.  APicuLATus  Br.  &  Sch. 

Pocahontas :  on  trunk  of  Beech  at  Cranberry  Glades 
(Sheldon,  3721). 

E  N  T  O  I)  O  N  T  A  C  E  AE. 

PLATYGYRIUM  Bry.  Eu. 
P.  REPENS  (Brid.)   Br.  &  Sch.  (Entodoii  palatinus  Lindb.) 

Monongalia :  on  a  decaying  log  near  Morgantown  (Shel- 
don, 175).  Monongalia:  on  decayed  log.  Tibbs  Run  (Mills- 
paugh, 1603).    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 


184  'IHli    WKST    \lKcaMA     I' LOR  A 

ENTODON  C.  M. 
E.  sEDUCTRix  (Hedw.)  C.  Muell.  {Cylindyothcciuui  Snll.). 

Monongalia:    on    bark    living    apple    tree,    Morganlown; 
on  bark  in  oak  woods,  Bluefield   (Millspaugli,  1290,   1450). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 
E.  CLADORRHizANS  (Hcdw.).  C.  Muell.  {C ylindrothccium  Schimp.) 
Mercer:   on   decayed   log,   damp   place,    Bluefield    {Mills- 
paugh,   1489).     Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg    {Nuttall). 

PYLAISIA  Br.  &  Sch. 
P.   VELUTINA   Br.   &  Sell. 

Monongalia :    on    bark    living    apple    tree,    Morgantown 
{Millspaugh,  1289). 
P.  iNTRicATA   (Hedw.)    Bry.  Eu. 

Monongalia :  trees  near  Cheat  River  and  Deckers  Creek 
{Andrews) . 

H  O  O  K  E  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 
HOOKERIA  Smith. 

H.    SULLIVANTII    CM. 

Monongalia:  at  Tibbs  Run    (Andrezvs). 

L  E  S  K  E  A  C  E  AE. 

MYURELLA   Bry.   Eu. 
M.  GRACILIS  (Weinm.)  Lindb. 

Monongalia:  on  a  ledge  near  Sabraton   (Sheldon,  3283) 

LESKEA  Hook. 
L.  GRAciLESCENS  Hedw. 

Pocahontas :    on    a    tree    trunk    near    Seebert     (Sheldon, 
3618). 
L.  POLYCARPA  Ehrh. 

Monongalia :   on   trunk    of    Poplar  near    Engine   Works : 
and  Preston :  on  trunk  of  apple  tree  near  Albright   (Shel- 
don, 2390,  3365). 
L.  OBSCURA  Hedw. 

Monongalia:  base  of  tree  near  Morgantown   (Andrezvs). 

THELIA  Sull. 

T.    HIRTELLA    (Hcdw.)     Sull. 

McDowell :  on  bark  living  Beech,  Elkhorn    (Millspaugh, 
1493)- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  185 

T.  ASPRELLA  (Schim.).  Sull. 

jMercer :   on    bole    living    Cornus    florida,    Beaver    Spring 
{Milhpaugh,   1535). 

ANOMODON  Hook.  &  Tayl. 
A.  ROSTRATUS  (Hcdw.).  Schimp. 

Alonongalia :  on  dry  boulder,  The  Flats ;  loc.  cit.,  Camp 
Eden.  Mercer:  on  sandstone  ledge  in  rill,  Beaver  Spring; 
on  bole  living  Oak.  Bluefield  (Millspaugh,  1365,  1391,  1555, 
1456,  1536).  Fayette:  Nuttallbiirg  (Nuttall)  ;  Ronceverte 
(Pringle). 
A.  ATTENUATUS    (Schreb.),  Huebn. 

Monongalia :   on  dry  boulder,  The  Flats.     Mercer :  com- 
pletely   covering    large    limestone    ledges    in    open    woods, 
Beaver  Spring  (Millspaugh,  1363,  1367,  1531). 
A.  OBTUsiFOLius  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia :  base  of  tree  near  Decker's  Creek,  Morgan- 
town  (Andrezi's). 

THUIDIUM  Br.  &  Sch. 

T.  ViRGiNiANUM   Lindb. 

Monongalia:    on   a    rock   near   Mont    Chateau    (Sheldon, 

1529)- 

T.    MICROPHYLLUM     (Sw.)     Bcst. 

Monongalia :  on  a  decaying  log  near  Morgantown ;  Pres- 
ton :  along  a  path  and  roadside  in  the  woods  near  McKinneys 
Cave,  Bretz  (Sheldon,  3885,  4173,  4176). 
T.  MiNUTULUM  (Hedw.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

Summers:  near  Lowell  (Pollard  &  Maxon,   118). 
T.  RECOGNiTUM   (Hedw.)  Lindb.         T.  delicatuhim,  Br.  &  Sch. 
Grant :  on  decayed  logs.     Bayard.     Monongalia :  on  dry 
boulder.  The  Flats ;  Tibbs  Run ;  on  decayed  logs,  George- 
town.   Mercer:  on  sandstone  ledge,  Beaver  Springs;  on  bole 
dead  tree;  loc.  cit.,  Bluefield  (Millspaugh,  1366,  1608,  1382, 
1544,   1477,   1510).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall); 
near  Quinnimont   (Pollard  &  Maxon,  ill). 
T.  sciTUM   (Beauv.)  Aust. 

Monongalia:  on  rocks  along  Tibbs  Run   (Andrews). 

H  Y  P  N  A  C  AE. 

AMBLYSTEGIUM  Br.  &  Sch. 
A.  ADNATUM  Hedw. 

^IcDowell :  on  flat  stone  in  deep  woods,  Elkhorn   (Mills- 
paugh,  1498). 


l'86  THK    WEST    \IRGINIA    FLORA 

A.  SERPENS  (L.)   J]r.  &'  Sch. 

^Monongalia :   on   wet   rotten   loj^,    Granville;  on  twigs   in 
rill,  Dille's.     .McDowell :  on  pebble  in  deep  woods,  Elkhorn 
{Millspaugh,  1298,  1402,  1519). 
A.  ORTHOCLADON  (Reauv.)  Aust.  (A.  serpens  ortJiocladon  Aust.) 
Monongalia :  on  rocks  lining  a  spring,  The  Flats,     Mer- 
cer:  on   wet   limestone    ledge,    Heaver   Spring    (Millspaugh, 

1375-   1358). 

A.  VARiuM   (Hedw.)  Lindb.  (A.  radicalc  Br.  &  Sch.) 

Monongalia :  on  rocks  lining  a  spring.  The  Flats ;  on  wet 
rocks  in  stream,  Cassville.  Mercer:  on  limestone  ridge, 
Beaver  Spring;  on  decayed  log,  Bhiefield.  McDowell:  on 
top  of  stump  in  dark,  deep  woods,  Elkhorn  {MiUspaiigh^ 
1374,  1421,  1533.  1488,  1536,  1521). 

A.  iRRiGUUM  (Hook.  &  Wils.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

Mercer:  on  sandstone  ledge  in  rill.  Beaver  Spring.  Mon- 
ongalia:   on    rocks    in    rill,    Tibbs    Run    {Millspaugh,    1556, 

1559.   1592). 
A.  RiPARiuM   (L.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

jMonongalia  :  on  stone  in  streani,  Falling  Run.    McDowell, 
loc,  cit.,   Elkhorn    (Millspaugh,   1334,   15 12). 
A.   FLUVIATILE   (Sw.)    Br.  &  Sch. 

Fayette:  near  Quinnimont   {Pollard  &   Maxon,   no). 
A.  JURATSKANUM   Schimp. 

Monongalia  :  on  bark  of  decaying  log  south  of  Morgan- 
town   (Sheldon,  1352). 

CAMPYLIUM  Mitt. 
C.  iiispiDULUM    (Brid.)    Mitt.  (Hypuimi  hispidiihim  Brid.) 

Mercer:  on  ground  in  oak  woods  near  Blucfield    {} Mills- 
paugh 1452). 
C.  CHRYSOPHYLLUM    (Brid.)    Britt.m. 

Greenbrier :  on  the  ground  on  Kates  Mountain,  alt.  3.300 
ft.  (Small  &  Vail).  Mercer:  on  a  decayed  log  in  damp 
place  (Millspaugh,  1490,  1491).  Monongalia:  on  old  beech 
log,  Morgantown ;  Mercer :  on  ground,  Beaver  Spring. 
(Millspaugh,  1405,  1536). 

C.    TENELLUM    L.    &    J. 

Mercer :  on  bole  of  dead  tree  and  on  log  in  moist  place 
near  Bluefield   (Millspaugh,  1479,  1491). 

PLAGIOTHECIUM  Br.  &  Sch. 
P.  DENTicuLATUM   (L.)  Bry.  Eu. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuitall). 

P.    DENTICULATUM    DENSUM,    Br.    &    Sch. 

Monongalia:  on  sandstone  boulder,  Tibbs  Run  (Mills- 
paugh, 1642). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  iS/ 

P.    SULLIVANTIAE    Scllillip. 

jMonongalia :  on  sandstone  boulder  in  deep  woods,  Tibbs 
Run  (Millspaugh,  1618). 
P.  STRiATELLUM    (Brid.)    Lindb. 

Preston:  on  a  ledge  at  McKinneys  Cave  (Sheldon,  4172). 
P.  MiCANS   (Sw.)   Paris. 

Pocahontas:   on   a    rock   at   Cranberry    Glades    {Sheldon, 
3722). 
P?   SYLVATICUM   Br.  &  Sch. 

Pocahontas:  on  a  decaying  log  at  Cranberry  Glades  (Shel- 
don,  3793). 
P.  TURFACEUM  Lindb. 

Preston:  on  a  decaying  log  near  Cranesville  (Sheldon. 
3452). 

HYLOCOMIUM  Bry.  Eu.* 
H.  RUGOSUM  (L.)  DeNot. 

Greenbrier:  on  ground  on  Kate's  jMountain,  alt.  3,300  ft. 
(Small  &  Vail). 
H.  BREViROSTRUM    (Ehrh.)   Bry.  Eu. 

Monongalia :  not  uncommon  in  deep  brook  ravines  near 
Tibbs  and  Quarry  Runs,  fruiting  at  the  latter   (Andrezcs). 

HYPNUM  Linn.* 
H.  PATiENTAE  Lindb. 

Monongalia :    on    wet    rocks    along   a    small    stream    near 
Morgantown  (Sheldon,  2312). 
H.   SciiREBERi  Willd.  (Hyloconiinm  parietinuni   (L.)  Lindb.) 

Monongalia  :  on  ground  in  shade  of  hemlocks  at  Laurel 
Hills  (Millspaugh,  1645). 

H.   DENTICULATUM,   L. 

Monongalia :  on  walls  of  dark  dripping  limestone  cave,. 
Cheat  river ;  on  stone  in  swampy  place,  Morgantown ;  on 
sandstone  boulder,  and  on  pebbles  in  stream,  Tibb's  Run 
(Millspaugh,  1405,  1614). 

H.    PALUSTRE.    ? 

^lonongalia :  on  stone  in  marshy   spot,  Morgantown ;  on 
rocks  under  a  fall  Cassville  (Millspaugh,  1584,  1422). 
H.  viOLLE,  Dicks. 

Monongalia:  on  stone  in  marshy  place,  Dille's  (Mills- 
paugh,   1584). 


*  These  genera  have  been  entirely  revised  by  Brotherus,  in 
Engler  and  Prantl.  Having  no  access  to  an  index  to  the  species 
I  have  made  no  attempt  to  replace  the  species  in  accordance 
therewith.     C.  F.  M. 


160  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

H.   I'RoLiFERUM  L.  H.  spleiidciis,  Heclw. 

Randolph :  in  dense  spruce  forests,  where  it  carpets  al- 
most everything  beneath  the  trees,  Cheat  Bridge.  Grant : 
notul.  idem.,  Bayard  (Millspaugh). 

H.    RUTABULUM    L. 

Monongalia:   on   rocks    in   rill.   Tibb's   Run    (Millspaugh, 

1590- 
H.  Haldanianum  Grev. 

Fayette:  near  Quinniniont  (Pollard  &  Maxon,  115). 
H.   REPTILE  Rich. 

Monongalia:   on   ground   near  Tibbs   Run    (Andrews). 
H.  UNCiNATUM  Hedw. 

Monongalia;  at  Quarry  Run  (Andrczvs). 
H.  TREQUETRUM   (L.)  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia :  on  ground,  shade  of  hemlocks.  Laurel  Hills 
(Millspaugh,  1649). 

H.    MICROCARPUM    C.    Mucll. 

Monongalia  :  on  bark  of  hemlock  tree,  Cheat  River  (Mills- 
paugh,  1389). 
H,  HiANS  Hedw. 

Mercer:  on  damp,   decayed  bark,   Bluefield    (Millspaugh, 
1840).      Fayette:   along   Loup   Creek    (James). 
H.  DEMissuM  Wils.  Rhynchostegium  deinissuin,  Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia :  on   stones   in   rill,   Tibb's   Run,  and  on   wet 
rocks  (Millspaugh,  1619,  1595). 
H.  PLUMOSUM  Huds.         Brachythccium  salebrosurn,  Br.  &  Sch. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

PTILIUM  DeNot. 

P.  CRiSTA-CASTRENSE  (L.)  DcNot.    Hypuum  crista-castreuse,  L. 
Plentiful  on  ground,  rocks,  logs,  etc.,  in  the  dense  spruce 
forests.      Grant :    near    Bayard.       Randolph :    near    Cheat 
Bridge  ( Millspaugh ) . 

STEREODON  Mitt. 

S.  IMPONENS  (Hedw.)   Brid.  Hypnum  iniponens,  Hedw. 

Monongalia :  on  decayed  log,  Georgetown ;  loc.  cit.,  Tibb's 

Run.  (Millspaugh,  1381,  1602)     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 

(Nuttall). 

S.  cuPRESSiFORMis  (L.)    Brid.  H.  cupressiforme  L. 

Mercer:    on    damp    decaved    log,    Bluefield    (Millspaugh, 

1487). 

S.  cuRViFOLius    (Hedw.)    Brid.  H.  curvifolium  Hedw. 

Monongalia:    on    decayed   oak,   Little    Falls;   near    Mor- 

gantown ;    near    Georgeton ;    near    Cassville ;    on    ground, 

Georgetown.    McDowell :  on  decayed  log,  Elkhorn.   Mercer  • 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  1 89 

loc.   cit.,    Bluefield,   and    Beaver   Spring    {MillspaiigJi,    1276, 
1344,    1380,    1420,   1382,   1517,   1485,   1491).     Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
S.  RECURVANS  (Schwaegcr)  Broth.  (Hypnwn  Schwaeg.). 

Tucker :  on  decayed  logs,  etc.,  at  Blackwater  Falls ;  Mc- 
Dowell :  on  same  at  Elkhorn ;  Monongalia :  on  the  bole  of 
a  tree  at  Tibbs  Run  {MiUspaugh,  990,  991,  992,  1499,  1507). 

S  E  M  A  T  O  P  H  Y  L  L  A  C  E  A  E. 

RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM    DeNot.* 

R.  Carolinianum  (C.  M.)  J.  &  S. 

Monongalia :  at  Tibb's  Run,  on  rock  at  Quarry  Run,  on 
ledge  at  Burnt  House  {Sheldon,  553,  3031,  4236).     Preston: 
on  wet  rock  at  McKinneys  Cave,  Bretz  (Sheldon,  4168). 
R.  Carolinianum  admixtum   (SuU.)  J.  &  S. 

Monongalia:  on  a  ledge  at  Burnt  House  (Sheldon,  4235). 
R.  Marylandicum   (C.  M.)  J.  &  S. 

Randolph  :  on  a  rock  in  a  small  stream  near  Cheat  Bridge 
(Sheldon,  2572). 
R.  cylindrocarpum  (C.  M.)  Kindb. 

Monongalia:   on   decayed   wood   near   Quarry   Run    (An- 

B  R  A  C  H  Y  T  H  E  C  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

BRACHYTHECIUM  Bry.  Eu. 

B.  ACUMINATUM  (Hedw.)  Kindb. 

On  tree  trunk  Monongalia:  near  Marilla  (Sheldon,  1417). 
B.  plumosum   (Sw.)   Br.  &  Sch. 

Monongalia :  on  wet  ledge  along  Deckers  Creek  opposite 
Marilla  (Sheldon,  4003,  4999). 

B.   DIGASTRUM    C.    M.   &   K. 

]\Ionongalia :  on  decayed  log.  Lick  Run   (Sheldon,  3968) 
B.  luteum    (Brid.)   Bry.  Eu. 

Monongalia:  on  ground  near  Quarry  Run   (Andrews). 
B.  rivulare   (Bruch.)    Bry.  Eu. 

Monongalia:  on  ground  near  Quarry  Run   (Andreics). 

RHYNCHOSTEGIC^l  Mitt. 

R.  Rusci forme  B.  &  S. 

Along    Horsepen    Creek.    McDowell    County,    July    31, 
1900   (Morris,   1117).     Fayette:  near  Quinnimont   (Pollard 
&  Mason,  109). 
R.  SERULATUM   (Hcdw.)   Jacg. 

^Monongalia :  on  ground  about  Morgantown    (Andreses). 


190  Till-:   \\i:sr  xikcixia   i'Lora 

CIRRI PHYLLUM  Grout. 
C.  Bosci  (Schw.)  Grout. 

Monono;alia:  at  Morgantowii,  and  on  ledge  near  Burnt 
House  {Siicldoii,  1270,  4230). 

HOMALOTHECIELLA   (Card.)    Broth. 

H.  SUBCAPILLATA    (Hedw.)   Card. 

Randolph:   on   tree   trunk   near' Cheat   Bridge    (Sheldon,      , 
2512). 

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE. 

OPHIOGLOSSUM,  L. 

O.  vuLGATUM  L.  Adder's  Tongue. 

Wet  meadows  and  woods.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville 
(Mapd). 

BOTRYCHIUM,  Sw. 

B.  TERNATUM    (Thuub.)    Sw.     Moon-wort. 

Dry  woods.  Monongalia,  Marion.  Preston:  in  Laurel 
hills.  Grant:  near  Bayard  (Millspauj^h) .  Gilmer:  near 
Glenville  (Mafyel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  glades,  alt. 
2.000  ft  {Xiittall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
B.  siLAiFOLiuM  Presl.  (B.  teniatiini  australe  D.  C.  Eaton). 

Grassy  places.      Monongalia :   on   the   campus   near   j\Ior- 
ganto  wn  ( Mills  pan  gh ) . 
B.  MATRicARiAE  (Schrank)   Spreng. 

Rich   opens.      McDowell:  near   Elkhorn    (Millspaugh). 
B.  OBLiouuM  Muhl. 

Fayette:  near  Xuttallburg,  dry  opens,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nutt- 
all).     Ohio:  hills  back  of  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Monongalia:    on    the    campus    near    Morgantown     (Mills- 
paugh) . 
B.  DissECTUM  Spreng. 

Glades.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg.  alt.  2,000  ft.    (Ntitt- 
all).     Monongalia:  on  the  campus  near  Morgantown  (Mills- 
paugh). 
B.  ViRGiNiANUM    (L.)    Sw.     "Indicator." 

Rich  woods.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Randolph :  on  Rich 
Mountains.  Monongalia :  Cheat  River  near  Camp  Eden. 
Gilmer :  near  Glenville.  Jackson :  near  Ripley,  where  it 
is  often  called  "Indicator"  as  its  growth  is  thought  to  in- 
dicate the  presence  of  Ginseng  in  the  locality   (Millspaugh). 


Pteridophyta. 


F  I  L  I  C  E  S. 

POLYPODIUM,  L. 

P.  vuLGARE  L.     Common   Polypody. 

Common  on  mossy  rocks  and  in  rocky  woods.  Kanawha : 
near  Charleston  (Barnes)  ;  near  Coalburg  (James).  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Alapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallbnrg-  (Nntt- 
all).  Grant:  near  Bayard  and  along  Buffalo  Creek.  Mon- 
ongalia :  along  Cheat  River.  Tucker :  along  Beaver  Creek 
and  Blackwater.  Randolph  :  on  Rich  and  Cheat  Mountains 
( i\Iillsf>aitgh)  :  near  Whitmar  (  Greeiunaii,  30);  Greenbrier- 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Summers :  near  Hinton 
McDowell:  near  Elkhorn  (Millspaiigli). 
P.  VULGARE  DECEPTUM  Maxou,  Proc.  Nat.  Mus.,  23:628  (1901). 

Rhizoma  slender,  extensively  creeping,  covered  thickly 
with  spreading  chaff ;  stipe  5  to  8  inches  long,  greenish  to 
stramineous;  laminae  very 'dark  green  above,  lighter  be- 
low, 7  to  1 1  inches  long,  2^  to  4  inches  broad ;  pinnae  distant 
from  once  to  twice  their  width,  broadest  in  the  middle  and 
tapering  to  an  acute  apex,  the  margin  doubly  crenate  or 
occasionally  nearly  entire,  the  base  broadly  decurrent,  veins 
sinuous  and  prominent  in  drying,  the  veinlets  usually  fork- 
ing twice;  tip  of  lamina  long  acuminate,  as  in  P.  faleatuin; 
sori  very  large,  often  irregularly  disposed. 

Type  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  Smithsonian  In- 
stitution, collected  by  E.  L.  Morris,  No.  121 5,  on  rocks, 
along  the  Guyandotte  River  below  Baileysville,  Wyoming 
County,  W.  Va.,  alt.  1,100-1,250  feet,  August  13-19,  1900. 
This  fern  has  already  been  brieflv  characterized  by  Dr. 
Millspaugh  as  Polypodium  viilgare  forma  biserrata  (sic). 
The  name  hiserratum  being  already  preoccupied  by  a 
]\Iexican  fern  it  becomes  necessary,  in  referring  to  the 
West  Virginian  plant,  to  substitute  a  new  name.  In  addi- 
tion I  would  refer  here  Mr.  Morris'  1207  collected  near 
the  type  station ;  also  Pollard  &  Maxon's  No.  25,  collectea 
Aug.  21,  1899,  at  Quinnimont,  W.  Va.,  which  I  have  pre- 
viously referred  tentatively  to  the  variety  aciitum  Moore. 
From  aeutiim  it  differs  in  the  narrower  and  ftiore  spatulate 
pinnae,  and  commonly  in  the  double  crenation,  for  aeutiiin 
is  normally  with  entire,  or  at  most  slightly  serrulate,  pinnae. 


192  THE    WEST    \TRGINIA    FLORA 

Mr.  Morris  states  that  typical  vulgar e  was  common  in  the 
general  region ;  from  this  it  differs  in  its  nmch  greater  size, 
its  scantier  foliage,  and  in  the  shape  of  the  pinnae.  There 
are  in  the  National  Herbarium  at  least  two  specimens,  col- 
lected in  West  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  which  with 
plants  collected  at  Great  Falls,  Fairfax  County,  Va.,  by 
William  Palmer,  are  to  be  regarded  as  intermediate  with 
typical  z'ulgare,  mossy  boulders  along  the  Blackwater  Fork 
of  Cheat  River  (Millspaiigh). 
P.  POLYPODioiDE^   (Linn.)   Hitch.  Polypodiiim  iiicanuiii  Sw. 

Rocks  and  tree  trunks.  Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest  (Por- 
ter) ;  opposite  Gauley  {Eggleston,  5525).  Wirt:  near  Burn- 
ing Springs   (Marts). 

CHEILANTHES,  Sw. 
C.  LANOSA  (Michx.)  Watt.  '       C.  vcstita  (Spreng.)  Sw. 

Rocky  places,  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry    (Mcrt::  & 
Guttenherg) . 
C.  Feei  Moore.  C.  lanuginosa,  Nutt. 

Cliffs.     Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls   (James). 
C.  TOMENTOSA  Link. 

Grant:  on  the  rocks  of  a  high  cliff  at  Peters  Gap  (A.  B. 
Brooks). 

PELLAEA,    Link. 
P.  ATROPURPUREA  (L.)  Link.     Cliff  Brake. 

Dry  rocks.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall). 
Mercer:  near  Beaver  Spring  on  exposed  ledges,  plentiful 
(Millspaugh) . 

PTERIDIUM   Scop. 
P.  AouiLiNUM   (L.)   Kuhn.  Brake  or  Bracken. 

Thickets  and  hillsides.  Common  throughout.  Upshur : 
at  School-house  Summit.  Webster:  in  Upper  Glade  (Mills- 
paugh). Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  and  Charleston  (James). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

ADIANTUM,  L. 
A.  PEDATUM,  L.  Maiden  Hair  Fern. 

Rich  moist  woods.  Common  throughout  the  State 
(Millspaugh).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

ASPLENIUM,    L. 
A.  piNNATiFiDUM   Nutt.     Splceuwort. 

Cliffs  and  rocks.  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Mert:: 
&  Gntteiiberg).  Monongalia:  near  Dellslow  (Sheldon, 
361).  Favettc  :  near  Nuttallburg.  in  clefts  of  boulders,  rare 
(Nuttall)' 


WEST    N'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURN'EY  "     I93 

A.  Trichomanes.  L. 

Shaded  cliffs.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Xicholas : 
along  Peter  Creek.  Fayette:  near  Xuttallburg  {Xiitfall) 
Preston:  near.  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele)  ;  and  along  the 
Gauley  River.  Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  (James).  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 
(Millspaugh,  Eggleston  5517). 

A.    TRICHOMANES    INCISUM    MoorC. 

Summers:  hills  above  Hinton   (Eggleston,   5565). 
A.  PLATYNEURON   (L.)   Oakes.  (A.  ebeitnin.  Ait.) 

Frequent  in  rocky  open  woods.     Kanawha:  near  Charles- 
ton     (Barnes).       Fayette:     near     Nuttallburg      (Xuttall). 
Wirt:    near    Burning    Springs    (Millspaugh).      Greenbrier; 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs   (Eggleston,  5515).     Preston 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

A.    MONTANUM,    Willd. 

Cliffs  and  rocks.  Fayette :  near  Hawk's  Nest  (Porter) 
(see  ]\Ieehan's  Monthly,  Aug.,  1892,  plate)  ;  near  Xuttall- 
burg, alt.,  2,000  ft.  {Xiittall).  Jefferson:  near  Harper's 
Ferry.  Randolph:  near  Helvetia  (Merts  &  Gnttenherg). 
Grant :  near  Bayard.  Monongalia :  on  boulders  along  Tibb's 
Run,  plentiful    (Millspaugh). 

A.    ANGUSTIFOLIUM    Michx. 

Rich  woods.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertc  &  Gnttenherg). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Fayette:  near 
Xuttallburg    (Nuttall). 

ATHYRIUM  Roth. 

A.  THELYPTEROiDES   (Michx.)    Dcsv.  (Aspleiiiiini   Michx). 

Rich  woods.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry 
(Merts  &  Gnttenherg). 

A.  FiLix-FOEMiNA  (L.)   Roth.  (Asplenium  L.). 

Randolph:  at  Glady  (Greenman,  32).  Moist  woods.  Gil- 
mer: near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertz  &  Gnttenherg). 
Tucker:  near  the  Falls  of  Blackwater  (Millspaugh).  Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

A.    FiLIX-FOEMINA    PECTINATUj\r     (Wall.) 

Rich  black  soil.  Tucker:  Falls  of  the  Blackwater  (Mills- 
paugh). 

CAMPTOSORUS,  Link. 

C.  RHizopHYLLus   (L.),  Link.     Walking  Fern.     Walking  Leaf. 

Shaded    rocks    and    conglomerate    boulders.      \\^irt :    near 

Burning   Springs.     Fayette :  along  the   Gauley   River ;  near 


iy4  'I'll'*-  \\i'-sr  NiKcixiA   i-i.oka 

Kanawha  Trails  {James).  Tucker:  at  JJlackwaler  Falls. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Kanawha:  near  Coalburg 
(Jariics).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburt:^  (Xuttall).  Monon- 
galia: near  Morgantown  {Millspaugh) .  Summers:  near 
Hinton  {Egglcstoii,  55^)4).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 

PHEGOPTERIS,  Fee. 

P.  Phegoptkris    (Linn.)    Underw,  P.   polypodioidcs,   Fee. 

Damp  woods.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapcl).     Tucker: 
near  the  Falls  of  Blackwater  {Millspaiigli). 
P.  HEXAGONOPTER.\   (Michx.)    Fee. 

Open    woods.      Gilmer:    near    Glenville    {Mapcl).      Fay- 
ette :  near  Nuttallburg,  shaded  fence  rows  and  deep  woods 
{A'littall).     Ohio:   near  Wheeling    {Mcrta  &  Gnttcnbcrg). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
P.  Dryopteris  (F.)  Fee. 

Rocky  woods.  Preston:  near  Rowlesburg  {Mert::  &  Gut- 
tenherg). 

DRYOPTERIS  Adans. 

D.  Thelypteris  (Linn.)  A.  Gray.  AspidiiiDi  Tlielypteris  {L..)  Sw. 
Marshy  Meadows.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Gnt- 
tenberg).     Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

D.  NovEBORACENSis  (Linn.)  A.  Gray.    Aspidiuni  Noi'ehoracense 
(L.)  Sw. 

Moist  woods.  Randolph:  on  Rich  Mountain,  alt.  1,850 
feet.  {Millspaugh).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nnttall); 
near  Kanawha  Falls  {James).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston 
{James).     Preston:  near  iXurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

D.  FRAGRANS   (Linn.)    Schott.  Aspidlwm  fragrans  (L.)   Sw. 

Opens.  Pocahontas :  near  summit  of  Spruce  Knob,  alt. 
4,800  feet,  where  it  is  cut  and  cured  for  fodder  {Mills- 
paugh). 

D.  SPINULOSA  (Retz.)  Kuntze.  Aspidiuni  spiimlosiim  {Retz.)  Sw. 
Damp  woods.  Wirt :  above  Burning  Springs.  Randolph : 
on  Rich  Mountain.  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta.  McDowell: 
near  Elkhorn  {Millspaugh).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).  Fayette  :\iear  Nuttallburg  {Xutfall).  Web- 
ster: at  Tatcr  Knob  (//.  H.  Smith,  1496). 

D.  SPiNULo.sA  INTERMEDIA   (Muhl.)   Uudcrw.     Aspidiuui  spinii- 
losnm  var.  intermedium  Eaton. 

Deep   rich    woods   throughout   Grant,   Tucker   and   Poca 
hontas   Counties.      L^pshur :   near    Beech    and    Middle    Fork 
{Millspaugh).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nnttall).  Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora   {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Randolph:  along 
a  mountain   brook  near  Whitmar    {Greenniaii,   2/). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  I95 

D.   SPINULOSA   DiLATATA    (Hoffm.)    Uiidcrw.      Aspidiinn   spinii' 
losuui  var.  dilatatitui  Hook. 

Deep  woods.     Ohio:   near  Wheeling    {Mcrtz  &  Gutten- 
berg). 
D.  siMULATA  Davenport.  Bot.  Gaz.,  29:495   (1894). 

Aspidiiiiii  spinulosiLin  var.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  482 
(1892).  Comparing  my  specimens  from  the  deep,  wet 
woods  of  Randolph  Co.  with  specimens  of  D.  simulata  re- 
cently sent  me  by  Professor  Davenport,  I  find  them  identical. 
In  publishing  the  species  Professor  Davenport  includes  it 
under  Dryopteris  as  well  as  Aspidium,  Nephrodium  and 
Lastrea. 

In  deep,  wet  woods  under  Black  Spruce.    Randolph :  neai 
Cheat  Bridge,  and  Shades-of-Death  (Millspaugh). 
D.  CRIST  ATA  (L.)  A.  Gray.  Aspidium  cristatiim  (L.)   Sw. 

Swampy  places.    Preston  :  near  Cranberry  Summit  {Mertz 
&   Guttenberg)  ;    near   Reedsville    and    Terra    Alta    (Milh- 
paugJi)  ;  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
D.  GoLDiEANA  (Hook.)  A.Gray.      Aspidiujm  Goldicanmii  Hook. 

Rich    moist    woods.      Preston :    near    Cranberry    Summit 
{Mcriz  &  Guttenberg)  ;  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele) 
Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
D.  P^iLix-MAs  (L.)  Schott.    Male-fern.    Aspidium  Fili.r-uias  Sw. 

Rocky  woods.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Mapel). 
D.  MARGiNALis    (L.)    A.   Gray.  Aspidium  marginale  Sw. 

Rocky  hillsides  in  rich  woods.  Tucker:  near  Parsons 
(Greenmau,  28).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Kan- 
awha: near  Charleston  (James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Xiiftall).  Grant:  near  Bayard  (Millspaugh).  Preston: 
near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


POLYSTICHUM  Roth. 

P.  ACROSTiciioiDES  (Michx.)  Schott.     Christmas  Fern.  Aspidium 

acrostichoides  Sw. 

Rocky  woods.    Upshur  :  beyond  Buckhannon.     Randolph  : 

near    Cricard    (Millspaugh).      Webster:    near    Tater   Knob 

(H.    H.   Smith,    1509).      Gilmer:   near    Glenville    (Mapel). 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ahtttall).    Preston:  near  Aurora 

(Mr.    &    Mrs.    Steele).      Barbour:    near    Tygart    Junction 

(Greenuiaii,  35). 
P.  ACROSTICHOIDES  6"cHWEiNiTzii    (Bcck).     Aspidiuiu  aelvostl- 

choidcs  Sehzveinitzii  (Beck.)  B.  S.  P. 

Rocky   woods.      Jefferson:   near   Harper's   Ferry    (Merts 

&  Guttenberg). 


196  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

FILIX  Adans. 

F.  BULBiFERA  (L.)  Undcrw.    Bladder  Fern  (Cystopteris  biilbifcra 
Bernh.). 

Shaded   ravines.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling    (Alertc  &  Gut- 
tenberg).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall).  Ran- 
dolph: near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith,  1361). 
F.  I'RAGiLis  (L.)  Underw.  (Cystopteris  fragilis  Bernh.). 

Shady  cliffs.  Fayette :  near  Gauley  Bridge  along  the 
Kanawha    (Millspaugh)  ;    near    Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 

ONOCLEA,  L. 

O.  SENSiBiLis,  L.     Sensitive  Fern. 

Moist  meadows.  Monongalia :  the  Flats.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James): 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Randolph:  near  Valley  Head. 
Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Millspaugh).  Preston:  near 
Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

WOODSIA,  R.  Br. 

VV.  OBTUSA  (Spreng.),  Torr. 

Rocks  and  cliffs.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Randolph:  near  Cricard  (Millspaugh).  Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

DENNSTAEDTIA  Bernh. 

D.  PUNCTiLOBULA   (Miclix.)    Moorc.  Dickson's  Fern   (Dicksoiiia 
punctilobula  Hook). 

Moist  shady  places.  Randolph  :  on  Rich  Alountains,  alt. 
1.920  feet;  Cheat  mountains  under  Black  Spruce,  abundant 
(Millspaugh).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg, alt.  2,400  feet  (Nuttall).  Pendleton:  on  Spruce  Knob 
Grcenman,  31)  ;  near  Kanawha  Falls  and  Loup  Creek 
(James).     Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James). 

OSMUNDA  L. 

O.  REGALis,  L.    Royal  Fern. 

Swampy  meadows.  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pol- 
lock). Pocahontas:  near  Travellers  Repose  (Greenman, 
29).  Upshur:  near  Randolph  County  line  on  Staunton  Pike. 
Webster :  Upper  Glade.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta  and  Cold 
Spring.  Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden.  McDowell :  near 
Elkhorn  (Millspaugh).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 


WEST    \'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  IQ7 

O.  Claytoniana,  L.     Clayton's  Flowering-  Fern. 

Low  grounds.     Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  {Mertr. 
&  Guttenberg.)     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nutfall) 
O.  ciNNAMOMEA,  L.     Cinnamon  Fern. 

Marshy  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000 
feet  (Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Merts 
&  Guttenberg).  Randolph:  along  Shaver's  Fork  (Mills- 
paiigh)  ;  near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith,  1392). 

EQUISETACEAE. 

EQUISETUM,  L. 
E.  AR\'ENSE,  L.     Field  Horsetail. 

Moist,    sandy    fields.      Frequent   throughout   the    State 

E.    SYLVATICUM,    L. 

Damp  rich  woods.    Mercer :  near  Ada.     Monongalia  •  near 
Little  Falls   {Millspaugh) . 
E.  HYEMALE,  L.  Scouring  Rush. 

Wet  wooded  banks.     Wirt:  near  Burning  Sprino-g  (Mills- 
paugh). 
E.  LAEviGATUM,  Braun. 

Clay  banks  along  stream.  Mercer:  near  Ingleside.  (Mills- 
paugh). ^ 

LYCOPODIACEAE. 

LYCOPODIUM,  L. 
L.  LuciDULUM  Michx. 

Cold   damp   woods.     Grant:   near   Bayard,   and   Tucker 
near  Davis    (Millspaugh).     Randolph:  near  Cheat   Bridge 
{Millspaugh),  and  near  Whitmar   (Greemnan    22)       Pres- 
ton, near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Gilmer:  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mapel).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall) 

L.   ANNOTINUM    L. 

Cold  woods.  Randolph:  plentiful  along  the  west  slope 
of  Cheat  Mountains  near  Cheat  Bridge  {Millspaugh)  Fzly- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg  (A^w//a//).  t      ^    ^         y 

L.  OBSCURUM  L.     Ground  Pine.  (L.   dendroideum,  Michx  ) 

Deep,  moist  woods.    With  the  last,  plentiful  (Millspaugh) 
Randolph :  near  Pickens  (//.//.  ^mz>/j    1824) 
L.  CLAVATUM  L.    Club  Moss. 

Dry  woods.     Common  throughout  the   State 

L.    TRISTACHYUM    Pursh. 

Pendleton:  on  the  western  slope  of  Spruce  Mountain 
{Greenman,  24). 


198 


THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 


L.  coMi'LANATUM    L.     Trailing   Christmas    Green. 

Deep   coniferous    woods.      In   the    Alleghanies   of   Grant, 
Tucker,   Randolph   and   Pocahontas   counties    (Millspaiigh) 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg-   (Niittall). 

SELAGINELLACEAE. 


SELAGINELLA,  Beauv. 

RUPESTRis   (L.)    Spring. 

Jefferson:  near   Harper's   Ferry    (Mcrtc  &   Giiftciibcrg). 
APUS  (L.)   Spring 

In  a  luxuriant  mass  among  the  grass  and  shrubs  along 
the  edge  of  an  island  in  the  Bluestone  River,  opposite  De- 
lashmeet  Creek,  Mercer  County,  altitude  2,080  feet,  July  27, 
igoo  {Morris,  1061).  Monongalia:  several  stations  near 
Morgantown ;  and  Pocahontas:  near  Warnton  (Sheldon). 
Barbour:  near  Belington   (A.  B.  Brooks). 


Gymnospermae' 


PIN  ACE  AE. 

THUJA,  L. 

T.  occiDEXTALis,  L.     Arbor  Vitse. 

Dry,  rocky  hills.     ^Mineral :  on  Knobby  iMountains.  Grant 


near  Petersburg:. 


JUNIPERUS,  L. 


J.  coMxMUNis,  L.     Juniper. 

Dry  sterile  hills.  Wood  :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Min- 
eral :  on  Knobbv  ^^lountains.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 

J.  Virgin:  AN  A  L.     Red  Cedar.      Savin. 

Wood:  near  Lockhart's  Run  and  Kanawha  Station  (Mills- 
paiigh),  near  Nicollet  (H.  H.  Smith,  2030).  Wirt:  on 
Nigh-cut  Hill.  Fayette :  near  Crescent ;  Kanawha  Falls 
(Janics)  \  Nuttallburg  (A^nttall).  Mineral:  on  Knobby 
Mountains.  Jefferson :  along  the  Potomac.  Mason :  near 
Point  Pleasant.  Berkeley  :  near  Martinsburg.  Monongalia : 
near  Morgantown.  Mercer:  near  Ingleside.  Jackson  and 
Mason :  along  the  Ohio  River ;  Cabell :  along  the  C.  &  O.  R. 
R..  from  Huntington,  to  St.  Albans  in  Kanawha  County. 
Jefferson  Co..  plentiful  near  Harper's  Ferry,  trunks  7  to  9 
inches  in  diameter. 

PINUS,  L. 

P.  RESiNOSA  Aiton.     Pitch  Pine. 

Open  woods.    Preston:  near  Cranesville  Glade  (Rinnscx). 
P.  Strobus  L.     White  Pine. 

Wood :    near    Leachtown.      Wirt :    near    Burning    Spring. 

Calhoun :  near  White  Pine  and  Laurel  Run.     Pocahontas : 

near    Sunset.      Greenbrier :    near    Caldwell.      Fayette :    near 

■  Nuttallburg,  probably  introduced   (Xutfall).     Preston:  near 

Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


*  From  here  to  the  end  of  this  work  where  no  collector  is 
mentioned  the  localities  are  those  of  the  author. 


200  .  TllK    WEST    \IUGINIA    FLORA 

P.  Taeda  L.     Loblolly,  or  Old-field  Pine. 

Opens.  Wood:  near  Kanawha  Station.  ]\lineral.  Hamp- 
shire, and  Hardy :  along  the  table-lands. 

P.  RiGiDA  Mill.     Pitch  Pine. 

Kanawha:  near  Charleston  -(Barnes).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  {Niittall).  Greenbrier:  near  White 
Sulphur  Springs.  Mineral :  on  Knobby  Mountains.  Web- 
ster: on  Tater  Knob,  Wood:  near  Nicollet  {H.  H.  Smith. 
1 5 10,  2026). 

P.  PUNGENS,  Michx.  f.     Table  Mountain  Pine. 

Dry  rocky  soils.     Kanawha:  near   Charleston    (Barnes) 
Mineral    on    Knobby    Mountain.      Pendleton :    foot    hills    of 
Spruce  Knob  (A.  D.  Hopkins). 

P.  ViRGiNiANA  Mill.     Scrub  Pine.  (P.  inops,  Ait.). 

Sterile  hills.  Greenbrier:  near  Caldwell;  slopes  of  Kate's 
Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg,  a  common  second  growth  (Nut tall).  Summers:  near 
Hinton  (Eggleston,  5587).  Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg 
Mercer  :  near  Ingleside.     . 

P.  ECHiNATA  Mill.     Yellow  Pine.  (P.  mitis,  Michx.) 

Wood:    near   Leachtown ;    near  Nicollet    (H.   H.    Smith, 

2025).      Randolph:    near    Valley  'Bend.      Summers:    near 
Hinton. 

LARIX  Adans. 

L.  LARiciNA    (DuRoi)    Koch.     Tamarack    (L.  Americana  Mx.) 
Boggy  lands.     Preston:  in  Cranesville  Glade    (Riimsey) 

PICEA,  Link. 

P.  RUBENS  Sarg.    Black  Spruce.     "Yew  Pine."     "White  Spruce," 
"Spruce  Pine."  (Picea  Mariana  Prel.  Cat  ) 

In  1901  there  were  magnificent  forests  in  the  following 
regions  where  it  grew  at  elevations  varying  from  2,500  to 
4,000  feet : 

Acres. 

Randolph  County  on  Elk  and  Gauley  waters 15,000 

Randolph   County  on   Cheat  waters 120,000 

Randolph   County  on   Mill   Creek 5,ooo 

Randolph  County  on  Elk  Mountain .500 

Pocahontas  County  on  Shaver's  Fork  of  Cheat.  .  .  .      20,000 
Pocahontas  County  on  the  headwaters  of  Greenbrier 

River   100,000 

Pocahontas  County  on  Elk  and  Gauley  headwaters.    100.000 
Tucker  County  on  Cheat  water 50,000 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  20I 

Mineral  County   25,000 

Greenbrier  County   (by  actual  survey) 35A99 

Total  acreage 470,999 

This  estimate  probably  fell  under  the  actual  amount. 

Summers  :  along  Greenbrier  River  near  Talcott.  Mercer : 
near  Ingleside  {Mills paugh).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr. 
&  Mrs.  Steele).  Randolph:  near  Pickens  and  Turkey  Bone 
{H.  H.  Smith,  1411,  2055). 

TSUGA,  Carrier. 
T.  Canadensis  (L.)  Carr.     Hemlock.     Hemlock  Spruce.    Abies 
Canadensis,  Michx. 

Rocky  woods.  Wirt :  along  Straight  Creek.  Calhoun : 
on  Laurel  Run.  Nicholas  :  near  Beaver  Mills.  Grant :  near 
Bayard,  abundant.  Monroe  :  near  Alderson.  Preston :  near 
Terra  Alta  {Millspaugh)  ;  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  {Nuttall).  Mercer: 
near  Ingleside  and  Princeton.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
Monongalia :  near  Uffington  and  Tibb's  Run. 

ABIES,   Miller. 

A.'  Fraseri    (Pursh)    Lindl.      "Blister    Pine."      Balm-of-Gilead 
Fir.     Balsam  Fir. 

Mountain  Swamps.  Randolph :  about  two  miles  beyond 
Cheat  Bridge,  along  the  Staunton  Pike  {Millspaugh;  Shel- 
don, 2585). 

T  A  X  A  C  E  AE. 

TAXUS,  Linn. 
Taxus  Canadensis  Marshall.     {T.  baccata,  Canadensis  Gray). 
Damp  hillside  woods.     Marion :  near  the  mouth  of  Buf- 
falo Creek  {K.  D.  Walker).     Taylor:  near  Nuzums.     Fay- 
ette :  along  Williams  River.     Randolph :  in  the  Sink  region 
Greemnau,  198). 

TYPHACEAE. 

TYPHA,  L. 
T.  LATiFOLiA,  L.     Cat  Tail. 

Ditches  and  swampy  spots.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville  {Ma- 
pel).  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta.  Morgan:  near  Hancock. 
Monongalia :  near  the  Dille  farm. 


202  THE    WEST    \1KGINIA    FLORA 

S  P  A  R  G  A  X  I  A  C  E  AE. 

SPARGANIUM,  L. 
S.  EURYCARPUM,  Engelm.     Bur-reed. 

Borders  of  stream  and  still  waters.     Webster :  in  Welch 
Glade.     Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
S.  DivERSiFOLiuM  ACAULE  ( Becby)  Fern.  &  Earn. 

Pocahontas:  near  Travellers   Repose    (Grccuiiiaii,   75). 

POTAMOGETONACEAE. 

POTAMOGETON,  L. 
P.  LONCHiTES  Tuck.  P.  flii'itaiis  Roth. 

In  rivers  and  streams.     Randolph  :  near  Tygart's  Vallev 
River,  near  Huttonsville.     Summers :  New  River  :  near  Hin 
ton. 
P.  Spirillus  Tuckerman. 

Randolph :  in  the  Tygarts  Valley  River  near  Huttonsville 
{Greenman,  132). 
P.  PECTiNATUS  L.     (Determined  by  F.  V.  Coville). 

Forming-  large  masses  on  the  bars  of  the  Greenbrier  River 
at   Talcott,    Summers   County,    altitude    1,490    feet,    August 
24,   1900   {Morris,   1342). 
P.  DIMORPHUS  Raf. 

In  still  water.     Hardy:  near  Aloorefield   (A.  B.  Brooks). 
P.    EPIHYDRUS  Raf. 

Preston:  in  a  ditch  near  Cranesville  (Shcldo>i  3414  visa). 

SCHEUCHZERIACEAE. 

SCHEUCHZERIA  L. 
S.  PALusTRis  Linn. 

Pocahontas:  in  Cranberry  Glades  (A.  B.  Brooks). 

A  L  I  S  M  A  C  E  A  E. 

ALISMA,    L. 

A.  Plantago-aouatica  Linn. 

Wet  ditches.     Monongalia  :  near  Ice's  Ferry.     Summers  : 
near    Hinton.      Greenbrier :    near    AMiite    Sulphur    Springs. 

SAGTTTARIA,   L. 

S.  ARiFOEiA  Nutt.     Arrow-head. 

In   water  or   very   wet  places.     Randolph  :   near   Beverly. 
Summers :  near  Hinton.     Greenbrier :  near   White   Sulphur 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  203 

Springs.    Wood  :  near  Parkersburg.    Marion  :  near  Clements. 
Fayette:  near   Xuttallburg-   (Nvittall).     Berkeley  near  Mar- 
tinsburg. 
forma  angustifolia    (Engelm.)    Britt. 

Wet  places.     Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.     Mason :  near  Point 
Pleasant. 
S.  graminea  Michx. 

Summers :  shores  of  New  River  near  Hinton. 

V  A  L  L  I  S  N  E  R  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

VALLISNERIA   L. 
V.  spiralis  L.     Eelgrass. 

Among  the  pondweeds  in  the  Greenbrier  River  at  Tal- 
cott.  Summers  County,  altitude  1,490  feet,  August  24, 
1900  {Morris,  1341). 

H  Y  D  R  O  C  H  A  R  I  T  A  C  E  A  E. 

PHILOTRIA  Raf. 

P.  Canadensis   (Michx.)   Britton.     W^ater-weed.   (Elodea  Cana- 
densis Michx.) 

Slow  streams  in  slack  water.  Fayette :  near  Kanawha 
Falls  (James).  Putnam  :  near  Buffalo  (Millspangh).  Kan- 
awha: near  Charleston  (Holton). 

G  R  A  M  I  N  E  AE. 
TRIPSACUM,  L. 

T.    DACTYLOIDES    L. 

Moist  places.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (A'lttfall). 

ANDROPOGON,  L. 
A.  FURCATUS  Muhl.     Beard  Grass. 

Damp  places.  Randolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River 
near  Beverly.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  below 
Morgantown.  Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls.  (James); 
near  Nuttallburg  (NiittaU).  Summers:  near  Greenbrier 
Stockyards,  and  along  Greenbrier  River.  Tavlor :  near 
Grafton.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Bar- 
bour :  near  Tygart  Junction ;  and  Tucker :  banks  of  the 
Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks  (Greemnan,  38,  86). 
A.  scopARius  Michx.     "Broom   Sedge." 

Dry  soils.  Alonongalia :  about  Morgantown,  plentiful. 
Webster:  near  Upper  Glade.     Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant 


204  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Taylor:  near  Grafton.     Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele),  and   in  every  county  visited. 

This  species  which  threatens  to  be  our  most  pernicious 
and  wide-spread  weed,  is  advancing  eastward  with  the  ut- 
most aggressiveness.  It  has  absolutely  no  fodder  qualities, 
its  nutritive  ratio  being  only  i  :i4.50,  and  its  value  as  a 
fertilizer  only  $2.37  per  dry  ton.  The  method  of  combating 
this  pest  is  as  yet  a  mere  matter  of  conjecture. 

The  plant  is  reported  from  Brooke :  near  Wellsburg  and 
Fowler's.  Barbour :  near  Overfield,  Pepper  and  Philippi. 
Braxton :  near  Bulltown,  Frametown,  Tate  Creek,  Elmyra 
and  Newville.  Cabell :  near  Union  Ridge  and  Barboursville. 
Clay:  near  Valley  Fork.  Doddridge:  near  Leopold,  New 
Milton  and  Center  Point.  Fayette :  near  Fayetteville,  Moun- 
tain Cove  and  Beets.  Grant :  near  Medley,  Petersburg  and 
Greenland.  Greenbrier :  near  Frankford,  Trout  Valley  and 
Fort  Spring.  Hampshire :  near  Slanesville,  Springfield  and 
Three  Churches.  Harrison :  near  Clarksburg,  Lost  Creek, 
Bridgeport,  Wallace,  Wilsonburg,  Adamsville,  Good  Hope 
and  Mount  Clare.  Hardy :  near  Moorefield  and  Wardens- 
ville.  Jefferson :  near  Kabletown.  Jackson :  near  Grass 
Lick,  Sandy,  Wilding,  Belgrove,  Odaville,  Silverton  and 
Kentuck.  Kanawha :  near  Pocataligo,  Blandon  and  Gazil. 
Lewis :  near  Vadis,  Camden,  Walkersville  and  Aberdeen, 
Lincoln :  near  Hamlin.  Mercer :  near  Princeton  and  New 
Hope.  McDowell :  near  Squire  Jim.  Monroe :  near  Cash- 
mere and  Johnson's  X  Roads.  Mason :  near  New  Haven, 
Grimm's  Landing  and  Maggie.  Marion :  near  Canton,  Farm- 
ington,  Eldora,  Barracksville,  Hoult  and  Gray's  Flat.  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Putnam  :  near  Hurricane,  Para- 
dise, Carpenters  and  Confidence.  Pleasants :  near  New  Heb- 
ron. Preston :  near  Masontown,  Eglon  and  Amblersburg. 
Ritchie :  near  Ritchie  C.  H.  Berea  and  Cornwallis.  Ran- 
dolph :  near  Florence  and  Lee  Bell.  Roane :  near  Pencil, 
Newton,  Looneyville,  Clio,  Reedy  and  Countsville.  Raleigh : 
near  Table  Rock,  Egeria  and  Raleigh  C.  H.  Summers :  near 
Forest  Hill,  Talcott,  Clayton  and  Indian  Mills.  Taylor :  near 
Knottsville,  Thornton,  Grafton  and  Meadland.  Tyler :  near 
Wick  and  Long  Reach.  Tucker :  near  Texas,  St.  Georges 
and  Hendricks.  Upshur:  near  Lawrence,  Overhill,  Fver- 
green,  French  Creek  and  Hemlock.  Wayne :  near  Adkin's 
Mills  and  Egypt.  Wetzel :  near  New  Martinsville.  Wirt : 
near  EHzabeth,  Burning  Springs,  Reedy  Ripple  and  Lee. 
Wood :  near  Blennerhassett  and  Kanawha  Station.  Web- 
ster :  near  Replete,  and  Welch  Glade. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  205 

A.    ViRGINICUS   L. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (NnttaU).  Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Barbour:  near  Tygart  Junction 
(Greenman,  37). 

CHRYSOPOGON  Trin. 
C.  NUTAS  (L.)   Benth.     Indian  grass.     Wood  grass. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Barbour:  near  Ty- 
gart Junction  (Greenman,  39). 

SORGHASTRUM  Nash. 

S.  AVENACEUM   (Miclix.)  Nash.  (Chrysopogoii  Michx.). 

Dry  fields,  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
Fayette:  near  Ouinnimont   (Pollard  &  Ma.voii,  36). 

PASPALUAI    Linn. 

P.    MUCRONATUM    Muhl. 

In  wet  places.     Kanawha:  at  the  Salinas    (Holtoii). 

P.    MUHLENBERGII   Nash. 

In  dry  or  stony  places.  Monongalia :  near  Alorgantown 
(Grout). 

P.    SETACEUM    Michx. 

Sandy   soils.     Monongalia :  at  the  end  of  the   Hogback, 
Decker's  Creek,  near  Morgantown   (Millspaiigh). 
P.  LAEVE  Michx. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Kanawha:  at  Wash- 
ington's Burning  Springs  near  the  Kanawha  salinas    (Hol- 

tOfl). 

P.  LAEVE  piLosuM  Scribu. 

Wyoming:  along  Horse  and  Hound  Creeks,  alt.  1,100  to 
1,200  feet.,  near  Baileysville    (Morris,   1284). 

SYNTHERISMA  Walt. 

S.  LINEARIS   (Krock.)    Nash. 

Fields  and  waste  places,   Preston  :  near  Aurora    {Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
S.     SANGUiNALis     (L.)     Dulac.       Crabgrass,     Crowfoot    grass 
(Paniciim  L.). 

Cultivated  and  waste  grounds,  common  throughout  the 
State. 

PANICUM   Linn. 

P.  DiCHOTOMiFLORUM  Michx.     (P.  geuieulatitni  Ell.,  prolifcrum 
Lam.). 

Moist  grounds  along  streams.  Monongalia :  near  Mor- 
gantown and  Ufifington  (Millspaugh :  Post).     Preston:  near 


206  THE    VVliST    X'lRGlNIA    FLORA 

Aurora  (Steele).  Randolph:  at  Tygart's  Valley  (/.  D. 
Smith;  Greeninan,  8i).  Tucker:  near  Parsons  {Green- 
man,  54).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

P.  FLEXILE  (Gattinger)   Scribn.     (F.  capillar e  canipestre  Gatt.). 
Dry  fields.      Monroe:   Peters   ]\Tountain    (Steele,   281). 

P.  Gattingeri  Nash.  (P.  capillar e  canipestre  Gatt.). 

Dry  fields.  Alonongalia  :  on  a  sterile  hillside  up  Falling 
Run  beyond  the  University  ( Millspau-gh;  Sheldon,  3084). 
Preston:  near  Aurora   (Steele). 

P.    Philadelphicum    Bernh. 

Dry,  open  ground.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Steele).  Wy- 
oming:  near  Baileysville  (Morris,  1283).  Monongalia  :  near 
Morgantown  (Sheldon,,  3083).  Randolph:  gravelly  bed  of 
Shavers  Fork  near  Parsons   (Greennian,  42). 

P.  capillare  Linn.     Ticklegrass. 

Dry  fields.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  and  Green- 
brier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Millspaugh).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Monroe:  near  Old  Sweet 
Springs  (Steele,  243).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Randolph:  near  Huttonsville  and  along  the  Black- 
water   River   near   Hendricks    (Greennian,  84,    51). 

P.  VIRGATUM   Linn. 

Moist  sandy  soils.  Monongalia  :  streets  of  Morgantown 
where  it  seems  to  flourish,  between  the  bricks  of  walks, 
the  better  the  more  it  is  trodden  upon ;  and  Mason :  banks  of 
the  Ohio  River  near  Point  Pleasant  (Millspaugh).  Tucker: 
near  Parsons  (Greennian,  47).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Randolph:  along  the  Blackwater  River  near 
Hendricks   (Greennian,  47). 

P.  AGROSTOiDES  Spreng. 

Wet  meadows.  Monongalia :  below  the  mouth  of  Falling 
Run  near  Morgantown,  Kanawha :  near  Allen's  Fork,  and 
LTpshur :  near  Lorentz  (Millspangli).  Fayette:  near  Nutt- 
allburg (AUtttall).  Wyoming:  at  the  edge  of  thickets  along 
Horse  and  Hound  Creeks,  near  Baileysville  (Morris,  1277). 
Barbour:  near  Tygart  Junction  (Greennian,  57). 

P.  STIPITATUM  Nash. 

Moist  soils.  Taylor:  near  Grafton  ( Guttenberg;  J.  D. 
Smith).     Monongalia:  near  Sabraton   (Sheldon,  2689). 

P.  ANCEPS  Michx. 

Moist  sandy  soils.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (ynttall). 
Nicholas:  at  Richwood  (H.  H.  Smith,  1745). 

P.    DEPAUPERATUM    Muhl. 

Dry  opens.     Monongalia:  at  Roundbottoms  (Millspangli). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
P.   linearifoltum    Scribn. 

Dry  wfods.     Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Hitchcock). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  207 

P.    MICROCARPON    Muhl. 

Wet  woods  and  swampy  places.  Monongalia :  along  the 
Monongahela  River  {Millspaiigh,  198).  Wyoming:  near 
Baileysville  and  McDowell:  near  Perryville   {Morris,   1193, 

1139)- 
P.  NiTiDUM  Lam. 

Moist  grounds.     Summers :  along  the  edge  of  a  meadow 
at  Bargers  Spring   (Morris,  984). 
P.  DiCHOTOMUM   Linn. 

Dry  places.     Fayette:   (Morse)   near  Nuttallburg   (Nntt- 
all).     Wyoming:  near  Baileysville    (Morris,   1193a). 
forma  depauperata  Vasey. 

Dry  sterile  fields.  Monongalia  :  up  Falling  Run  beyond 
the  L'niversity   (Mills pan gh) . 

P.    BARBULATUM    Michx. 

Sterile   and   rocky   woods.      McDowell :   along   Dry   Fork 
above   Perryville,   alt.    1,200   to    1.300   feet,   and   Wyoming: 
along  the  Guyandotte  River  below  Baileysville,  alt.  1,100  ft. 
(Morris,  11 39,  1193). 
P.  LuciDUM  Ashe.  (P.  dichofomuui  gracilc  Torrey). 

Wet  bottoms,  usually  along  runs.  Wood  :  in  a  swampy 
ditch  near  Kanawha  Station.  Wirt :  in  a  weedy  ditch  near 
Reedy  Ripple  and  in  a  spring  rill  in  rich  woods  near 
Straight  Creek.  Randolph  :  in  a  cold  rill  in  deep  woods  on 
Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,200  feet  ( Millspaugli). 
P.   LiNDHEiMERi   Nash. 

Sterile  grounds.    Summers:  near  Bargers  Spring  (Morris, 
984). 
P.   HuACHUCAE   siLvicoLA   Hitclic.   &   Chase.      (P.   diclwtoiiiiini 
fasciculatum  Man.) 

Drv    open    places.      Monongalia    and    Marion:    along   the 
railroad     { Millspaugh)  \    near    Morgantown    and    Fairmont 
(Hitchcock,    136-7). 
P.  Tennesseense  Ashe. 

Op'en' moist  places  and  borders.     Monongalia  and  Marion: 
along  the  j\Ionongahela  River  (Millspaugh,  188,  197).  Fay- 
ette: near  Quinnimont   (Pollard  &  Maxon,  22). 
P.  viLLosissiMUM  Nash.  (P.  pubescens  Lam.). 

Damp  places.    Lewis:  along  Leading  Creek  (Millspaugh). 

P.  tsugetorum  Nash. 

Sandy  woods.  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Hitch- 
cock, 135). 

P.  polyanthes  Schult. 

Damp  places.  Wyoming :  shaded  banks  of  the  Guyandot 
River  near  Bailevsville,  alt.   1,100  feet   (Morris,   1186). 


2o8  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.  AsHEi   Pearson. 

Dry  rocky  woods.  Monongalia:  at  Tibbs  Run  (Sheldon, 
566).  Fayette  (Kellerman,  6901).  Summers:  in  Oak  and 
Beech  woods  near  Bargers  Spring   (Morris,  977). 

P.    COMMUTATUM     Scliult. 

Woods  and  copses.     Fayette:  (Kellerman,  6902). 
P.  CLANDESTiNUM  Linn.     Deer  Tongue  Grass. 

Damp  meadows.  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Mills- 
paiigh,  Hitchcock).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Steele).  Up- 
shur: near  School  House  Summit  (MillspaugJi).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Millspaugh,  Kellerman).  Summers: 
near  Riffe,  and  Monroe:  near  Wolf  Creek  (Millspaugh). 
P.  LATiFOLiuM  Linn. 

Rocky  and  sandy  woods.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Steele). 

Pocahontas:   near   Marlinton    (Kellerman,  6899). 

P.  Boscii  Poir.  (P.  Porterianum  Nash.) 

Woodlands.      Monongalia :  near  Little   Falls,   Wirt :  near 

Burning  Springs,  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 

{Millspaugh).      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Niiftall). 

ECHINOCHLOA  Beauv. 

E.  Crus-galli  (L.)  Beauv.  (Panicum  Linn.) 

Ditches  and  waste  grounds.     Monongalia :  near  Morgan- 
town,  Summers :  near  Hinton,  and  Greenbrier :  near  White 
Sulphur  Springs(  Millspaugh).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 
E.  Walter:  (Pursh)   Nash. 

Ditches.  Monongalia  :  along  the  railroad  near  Little  Falls 
(Millspaugh) . 

CHAETOCHLOA  Scribn. 
(Set aria,  Beauv.  181 2.) 

C.    GLAUCA    (L.)    Scribn.    Fox-tail    Grass. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  especially  in  stubble  fields. 
C.  iMBERBis  (Poir.)   Scribn. 

In  moist  soils,  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  viRiDis  (L.)  Scribn. 

Roadsides  and  cultivated  fields.    Jackson  :  near  Sandyville, 
and  on  Limestone  Ridge. 
C.   Italica    (L.)    Scribn. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Webster:  at 
Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  Smith,  1738). 

CENCHRUS,  L. 

C.   tribuloides   L.     Hedgehog   Grass.      Bur-grass. 

Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Mert:;  &  Guttenberg). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  20g 

HOMALOCENCHRUS  Mie-  (1768). 
(Leersia,   Swartz.    1788.) 

H.   A'iRGiNicus    (W'illd.),    Britten.   White   Grass.    (Leersia    Jlr- 

giiiica,   Willd.) 

Wet   places.      Monongalia :   near    Beechwoods    and    Little 

Falls.     Fayette:  near  Niittallburg  (Nuttall).     Preston:  near 

Aurora  (il/r.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Randolph:  near  Huttonsville 

(Grecntnan,  82). 
H.  ORYZoiDEs   (L.)    Poll.     Rice   Cut-grass.      (Leersia  ory:;oides, 

Swartz.). 

Wet   grounds.      Nicholas :    in    Collett's    Glade.      Fayette : 

near   Nuttallburg    (Xiittall).      Preston:   near   Aurora    (Mr. 

&  Mrs.  Steele). 

PHALARIS,  L. 

P.  ARUXDiNACEA   L.     Reed   Canary-grass. 

Wet  places.     Wood,  in  a  spring  rill  near  Kanawha  Sta- 
tion. 
P.  Canariensis  Linn. 

Established   at   Morgantown.   Monongalia   County    (Shel- 
don, 3=^98). 

ARISTIDA,  L. 

A.  DiCHOTOMA,  Michx.     Poverty  Grass. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  ^Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Au- 
rora'(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele)^. 
A.  OLIGANTHA  Michx.     Triplc-awued  Grass. 

Dry  banks.     Kanawha:  near  Charleston   (Barnes). 
A.  LANOSA  Muhl.  (A.  lanata  Poir.) 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Xiittall). 

A.    GRACILIS   Ell. 

Alonongalia  :  dry  soils  at  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 

ANTHOXANTHUM  Linn. 

A.   ODORATUM    Linn. 

Established   rather  extensively  about   Morgantown,   ]\ron- 
ongalia  County  (Sheldon). 

^IILIU^I   Linn. 

M.  EFFUSUM   Linn. 

Pocahontas:   in    Cranberry   Glades    (Sheldon,    3863). 

MUHLENBERGL'X,    Schreber. 

M.  soBOLiFERA  (]\Iuhl.)   Triu. 

Favette  :  near  Nuttallburg   (Xnttall). 


2IO  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

M.  Mexicana  (L.)  Trin. 

Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Nnttall).      Monongalia:    on 
campus,  Morgantown  {j\Iillspaugh).     Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Randolph:  banks  of  Dry  Fork  near 
Harman   (Greenman,  46). 
M.  SYLVATiCA   (Torn),  Torr.  &  Gray. 

Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg    (Ntittall). 
M.  DIFFUSA,   Schreb.     Nimble  Will. 

Dry  ground.  Monongalia :  along  Decker's  Creek.  Fay- 
ete:  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).     Randolph:  near  Elkins  (Greenman,  80). 

BRACHYELYTRUM,    Beauv. 

B.  ERECTUM  (Schreb.)  Beauv.  (B.  aristatum,  Beauv.) 

Rocky    woods.      Webster :    near    Welch    Glade.      Tucker : 
near  the   Falls  of   Blackwater.      Fayette :   near   NiUtallburg 
(Nuttall). 
Var.  GLABRATUM,  Vascy,  in  Millsp.  Vxq\.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  \'a.,  469. 

A  new  variety  discovered  by  Mr.  L.  W.  Nuttall.  It 
agrees  with  the  species  except  that  it  is  perfectly  smooth, 
and  has  an  awn-pointed  second  glume  which  is  about  one- 
half  the  length  of  the  flowering  glume.  Its  most  striking 
peculiarity  is  that  it  has  invariably  two  culms  from  each 
rootstock. 

High,  rocky  woods.  Fayette :  near  Nuttalburg,  rare 
(Nuttall). 

PHLEUM,  L. 

P.  PRATENSE,  L.    Timothy. 

A  common  escape  from  cultivation  throughout  the  State. 
Found  even  in  the  forests  of  the  highest  Alleghanies. 

SPOROBOLUS  R.  Br. 
S.  NEGLECTUS  Nash. 

In    drv   places.      Upshur:   near    French    Creek    (Sheldon. 
2173). 
S.  VAGiNAEFLORus  (Torr.)  Wood. 

In  dry  soils.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
Monongalia:  near   Morgantown    (C.   F.   Sheldon). 

CINNA.  L.. 

C.  LATiFOLiA  (Trev.)  Griseb.  (C.  pendula  Trin.). 

Pocahontas :   valley  of  the   East   Fork  of  the   Greenbrier 
River  (Greenman,  88). 
C.  ARUNDiNACEA  L.     W^ood  Reed-grass. 

Wet  places.  Randolph :  along  Tygart's  A' alley  River 
near  Huttonsville.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GKOLOGICAL    SURVEY  211 

AGROSTIS,  L. 
A.  INTERMEDIA  Scribn. 

In  dry  soils,  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  ALTissiMA    (Walt.)    Tuckerman. 

Sandy  moist  places,  Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
A.  ALBA  L.    White  Bent-grass,  (incl.  var.  vulgaris  (With.  Thurb.) 
Meadows  and  fields.     A   frequent  escape  in  the  western 
counties.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
A.   CANINA   L. 

On  shaded  banks  of  the  Guyandotte  River  below  Baileys- 
ville,  Wyoming  County,  altitude,  i,ioo  feet,  August  13,  1900 
(Morris,  1197). 
Forma,  aristata.     Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  470. 

Damp    meadowlands.      Monongalia :    along    Falling    Run 
(Millspaugh,  244).     Wyoming:   near   Baileysville    (Morris, 
1197). 
A.  PERENNANS  (Walt.),  Tuckemi.     Thin  Grass. 

Damp,  shady  places.  Randolph :  along  Cheat  River  in 
clearings.  Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
A.  HYEMALis  (Walt.),  B.  S.  P.  Hair  Grass.  A.  Scabra,  Willd. 
Moist  fields.  Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Fayette  :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

CALAMAGROSTIS  Adans. 
C.  ciNNOiDES  (Muhl.)  Scribn. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

HOLCUS,  L. 
H.  LANATUS  L.     Velvet  Grass.     "Old  White  Top."    "Feather 
Grass." 

Frequent  in  damp  meadows.  Monongalia :  along  the  F. 
M.  &  P.  R.  R.  Upshur :  near  Faurentz.  Randolph  :  along 
Tygart's  Valley  River.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Nicholas  :  in 
Collett's  Glade.  Fayette :  near  Hawk's  Nest,  and  Kanawha 
Falls  (James);  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Randolph:  at  Pick- 
ens (H.  H.  Smith,  1390). 

ARRHENATHERUM,  Beauv. 
A.  ELATius  (L.)   Beauv.     Oat  Grass.     (A.  avenaceum,  Beauv.) 
Fields  and  yards.     Monongalia,  abundant  and  becoming  a 
nuisance. 

The  lower  campus  (half  orchard)  that  yielded  a  good 
crop   of   Orchard-grass   last   season,   was  almost  completely 


212  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    ELORA 

this  species  this  year.  Our  analysis  of  this  grass  shows  a 
nutritive  ratio  of  only  i  :<S.i3.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallhurg 
(Niittall). 

A  VENA   Linn. 
A.  FATUA  Linn. 

Established  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  {Shel- 
don, 4309). 

DANTHONUA,  DC. 

D.  spicATA  (L.)   Beauv.     Wild  Oat-grass. 

Dry  soil.  Monongalia :  near  Beechwoods  and  Little  Falls. 
Randolph :  on  a  dry  boulder,  summit  of  Point  Mountain, 
alt.  3,750  feet.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallhurg  (Nnttall). 

D.  coMPRESSA^  Austin. 

Dry  banks.  Tucker :  near  the  Falls  of  Blackwater.  Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallhurg  (AUittall).  Randolph:  near  Pickens 
(H.  H.  Smith,  1355) r 

SPARTINA,  Schreb. 

S.  CYNOSUROiDES   (L.)    WiUd.     Fresh-water  Cord-grass. 

Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Island  (Merta  &  Gnttenbcrg).  Bar- 
bour: near  Tygart  Junction  (Grccniiiau,  43).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallhurg  (Nnttall). 

ELEUSINE  Gsertn. 

E.  Indica   (L.),  Gaertn.     Dog's  Tail  or  Wire  Grass. 

Yards  and  streets.  Kanawha :  near  Cannellton.  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg.  Favette :  near  Nuttallhurg 
(Nut  fail). 

DACTYLOCTENIUM  Willd. 

D.  Aegyptium    (L.)    Willd.     Crab-grass.     Yard-grass. 
Yards  and  lawns.     Monongaha ;  on  the  campus. 

TRICUSPIS  Beauv. 

T.    seslerioides    (Michx.)    Torrey.      Tall    Red    Top.      Triodia 
cuprea  ].  F.  Jacq. 

Dry  or  sandy  fields.  Monongalia  near  Little  Falls.  Wood : 
near  Selden.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallhurg  (Nuttall). 

PHRAGMITES  Trin. 

P.  Phragmites   (L.)   Karst. 

In  wet  places.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston   (Holt on). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2I3 

ERAGROSTIS,,    Beauv. 

E.  HYPNOiDES  (Lam.),  B.  S.  P.  E.  reptans,  Nees. 

Shores  of  rivers.     Summers :  along  New  River  near  Hin- 
ton.      Kanawha:   at   the    Salinas    {Holton).     Wood:   along 
the  Ohio  River  near  Parkersburg.     ]\Iason  :  near  Point  Pleas- 
ant.    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Guttciihcrg). 
E.  Eragrostis   (L.)    Karst.     E.  minor  Host. 

Waste  places.    Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant  (Millspaugh). 
E.  major.  Host. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xiittall). 
E.  PILOSA   (L.),  Beauv. 

Jefferson:  near  Harper's   Ferry    (Mertz  &  Gitttenberg). 
Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg    (N'littall)  ;    near    Hawks    Nest 
(Holton).     Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
E.  Purshii,  Schrader. 

Sterile    or   sandy    soils.      Monongalia ;    near   Little    Falls, 
and  on  the  campus. 
E.  CAPiLLARis  (L.),  Nees. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
E.  Frankii,  ste'ud. 

Shores  of  rivers.     Summers :  along  New  River  near  Hin- 
ton    (M ills p ail gh).     Randolph:   near    Huttonsville    (Green- 
man,  83). 
E.  PECTiNACEA  (Michx.)  Stcud. 

Monongalia:  dry  soils  near  Morgantown  (Slicldon). 

EATONL\  Raf. 

E.  OBTUSATA   (Michx.),  Gray. 

Rich  woods.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xnttall.) 
E.  Pennsylvanica  (DC.),  Gray. 

Moist  opens.     Monongalia :  near  Beechwoods  and  on  the 
campus. 
E.  NiTiDA    (Spreng.)    Nash. 

Dry  woods.    Monongalia  :  near  Tibbs  Run  (Sheldon,  625). 

MELICA  L. 

M.  MUTicA,  Walt. 

Rich  soil.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Xnttall). 

KORYCARPUS,   Zea    (1806). 

(Diarrhena,  Beauv.  1812.) 
K.  DiANDRUS  (Michx.)   Kuntze.  (K.  Americana  Kuntze.) 

Shaded  liver  banks.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xnttall). 


214  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

UNIOLA  L. 

U.   LATIFOLIA^   Michx. 

Shady  places:     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

DACTYLIS  L. 
D.  GEOMERATA  L.     Orchard  Grass. 

Fields    and    meadows.      Common    throughout,    especially 
in  shady  places. 

CYNOSURUS   Linn. 
C.  CRi STATUS  Linn. 

Established  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  (Sheldon, 
1617). 

POA  L. 

P.  ANNUA  L.     Low  Spear-grass. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling   {Mcrtz  &  Guttenberg).     Fayette' 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
P.  COMPRESSA  L.     Wire  Grass. 

Sterile   soil    in   crevices   of    rocks.      Plentiful    throughout 
the   State. 
Forma  depauperata,  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  472. 

On    rocks.      Monongalia :    along    Falling   Run,    especially 
at  the  cascade. 
P.  PRATENSis  L.     Blue  Grass. 

Dry  soils  and  meadows.     Common  throughout  the  State, 
even  in  the  higher  Alleghanies. 
P.  TRiviALis  L.     Roughish  Meadow-grass. 

Moist   meadows.      Monongalia :    along    the    Monongahela 
at  Little  Falls. 
P.  SYLVESTRis  Gray. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling   {Mert::  &  Guttenberg). 
P.  ALSODES  Gray. 

Hillside  woods.     Monongalia :  along  Day  Creek  near  Lit- 
tle Falls.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg "^(iVw^/a//). 
P.  AUTUMNALis  Muhl.  P.  flexuosa  Muhl. 

Tyler :  near  Long  Reach. 

P.    BREVIFOLIA    Muhl. 

Ohio:  Woods  Run  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

PANICULARIA  Fabr.  (1763) 

(Glyceria,  R.  Br.   1810.) 

P.  Canadensis   (Michx.)    Kuntze. 

Woods.   Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  21 5 

P.  ToRREYANA  ( Spreng. )   Men-.  {P.  chngata  Kuntze). 

Wet  woods.     Webster:  along  the  ridge  of  Buffalo  Bull 
Mountain.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
P.   NERVATA    (Wind.)    Kuntze.     Foul   Meadow-grass. 

Moist  meadows.     Common  throughout. 
Foniia  MAJOR.     Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  473. 

Monongalia  :  sand  bars  in  Monongahela  River  near  Little 
Falls. 
P.  MELicARiA  (Michx.)   Hitchcoclv. 

Fields,  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith,  1374). 

FESTUCA  L. 
F.  oviNA  Linn. 

Waste  grounds.      ^lonongalia :  near  Morgantown    (Shel- 
don, 1588). 
F.    OCTOFLORA  Walt.  (/7.  f^„^//^^  Willd.) 

Dry   open   woods.      Wirt:   hills    above    Burning    Springs. 
F.  ELATioR  L.     Meadow  Fescue.  (F.  pratensis  Huds.) 

Fields.      Monongalia:   near    Beechwoods.      Fayette:   near 
Kanawha    River     (James);    near    Nuttallburg     (Nuttall). 
.    Aleadows.     Wood :   near   Kanawha   Station,   and   elsewhere 
frequent. 
F.   NUTANS  Willd. 

Rocky  woods.  Randolph :  on  dry  boulder,  summit  of 
Rich  Mountain.  Webster:  roadsides  near  Long  Glade. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (iVw/^a//). 

BROMUS  L. 
B.  HORDEACEus  L.     Soft  Chess.  (B.  mollis  L.) 

Wheat    fields    and    waste    grounds.    Monongalia:    on    the 
campus. 
B.   SECALiNUS  L.     Cheat  or  Chess. 

Wheat  fields  and  waste  places.     A  too  common  nuisance. 
B.  RACEMOsus  L.    Upright  Chess. 

Fields  common  throughout  the  State. 
B.  iNERMis  Leyss. 

Established  at  ^lorgantown,  Monongalia  County  (Shel- 
don, 1587). 

B.  CILIATUS  L. 

River  banks.  Wood:  along  the  Little  Kanawha  River 
near  Kanawha  Station.  Monongalia :  along  the  Mononga- 
hela near  Little  Falls.  Randolph  :  near  Huttonsville  (Green- 
man,  85). 

AGROPYRON  J.  Gaertn. 
A.  REPENS  (L.)   Beauv. 

Established  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  (Shel- 
don, 4133)- 


2i6  THE  vvi-:sT  Virginia  flora 

LOLIUAL  L. 

L.  Italicum  a.  Br. 

Common  on  lawns,  ^[arion:  at  Fairmont  {  Boutloii).  Up- 
shur: near  French   Creek    {F.   E.  Brooks). 

L.   PERENNE   L.     Darnel.     Rye   Grass.      English   Blue   Grass. 

Lawns,  introduced  with  "Lawn  Grass  Seed."  Monon- 
galia: at  Morgantown.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Niittall). 

ELYMUS  L. 

E.  ViRGiNicus  L.     Virginia  Wild-rye. 

River  banks.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertc  &  Giittcnbcrg). 
Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 

E.  Canadensis,  glaucifolius   (Muhl.)   Gray. 

Dry  banks  and  roadsides.  Kanawha :  along  8-Mile  Creek. 
Mason :   near    Point    Pleasant.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg 

{Nuttall). 

E.  striatus  Willd. 

Rocky  banks.  Monongalia  :  along  the  ^lonongahela  River 
below  Morgantown. 

Var.  \'iLLosus  Gray. 

Monongalia :  banks  of  the  Monongahela  below  Morgan- 
town. 

E.  HiRSUTiGLUMis  Scribu.  &  Sm. 

River  banks.     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon). 

E.  iNTERMEDius  Scribn.  &  Smith. 

Tucker :  banks  of  the  Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks ; 
and  Pocahontas :  East  Fork  of  the  Greenbrier  River  near 
Travelers  Repose  {Grcounan,  56,  89). 

HYSTRIX  Moench.  (1794). 

(Asprella,  Willd.  1809.) 

H.  Hystrix    (L.)    Millsp.  Bottle-rush  Grass. 

Moist  woodland  banks.  Scattering  in  Wood,  Wirt,  Cal- 
houn, Gilmer,  Lewis,  Upshur,  Monongalia,  Randolph,  Web- 
ster and  Nicholas  counties.  Fayette  :  along  the  Gauley  River ; 
near  Gauley  Mountains;  near  Nuttallburg;  near  Kanawha 
Falls  (/fl/urj-).  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Mason  :  near  Point 
Pleasant.     Harrison  :  near  Lumberport. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  21/ 

CYPERACEAE. 

CYPERUS    L. 
C.  RivuLARis  Kunth. 

Tucker:  bed  of  Shavers  Fork  near  Parsons   {Greenman, 
130). 
C.  ovuLARis  (Michx.)   Torrey. 

Dry  fields.     Mason  :near  Point  Pleasant  {Sheldon,  1943). 
C.  FLAVESCENS  L.     Galingale. 

Low  grounds.  Monongalia  and  Alarion :  along  the  Mon- 
ongahela  River.  Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Fayette  :  near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Tucker:  bed  of  Shavers  Fork  near  Parsons  and 
Railroad  ditch  near  Hendricks  {Greeiiiiian,  123,  124). 
C.  DiANDRUS  Torr. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Au- 
rora {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  ESCULENTUS  L.     Edible  Galingale. 

Preston:  near  Rowlesburg  {Merts  &  Guttenberg).     Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  STRiGOSUS  L.     Lank  Galingale. 

Low  grounds.     Jackson :  near   Sandyville.      Monongalia : 
near    Morgantown.      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    {Nuttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  {Air.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Tucker:     bed 
of  Shavers  Fork  near  Parsons  {Greenman,  125). 
C.  REFRACTUS  Engclm. 

Fayette:   near   Hawk's   Nest    {T.    C.   Porter). 
C.  RETROFRACTUS  (L.)  Torr. 

Along  the  Guyandot  River  below   Baileysville,  Wyoming 
County,  altitude  1,100  feet,  August  18,  1900  {Morris,  1236a). 
C.  Lancastriensis  Porter. 

Summers :  shores  of  New  River,  near  Hmton. 

C.  FILICULMIS   Vahl. 

Along  the  Guyandot  River  below  Baileysville,  Wyoming 
County,  altitude  1,100  feet  {Morris,  1267).  Mason:  near 
Point  Pleasant  {Sheldon,  1940). 

KYLLINGA  Rott. 
K.   puviiLA   Michx. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall);  opposite  Gauley 
Junction  {Eggleston,  5528). 

DULICHIUM  L.  C.  Richard. 

D.  arundinaceum  (L.)  Britton.  D.  spathaceum  Fers. 

Along  streams.  Randolph  :  Tygart's  A'^alley  River  near 
Huttonsville  {Millspaitgh,  Greenman,  92).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  ^ 


2l8  THE    WKST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

ELEOCHARIS  R.  Br. 

E.  TUBERCULOSA   (Michx.)   R.  &  S. 

Sands  of  New  River.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nutt- 
all). 
E.  ovATA  (Roth.)   R.  &  S.  {E.  obtusa  Schult.) 

Wet  places.  Fayette :  along  turnpike  opposite  Gauley 
Junction  (Eggleston,  5527-6).  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H. 
H.  Smith,  1362).  Muddy  places.  Upshur:  near  Buck- 
hannon.  Randolph  :  Tygart's  Valley  River.  Fayette  :  near 
Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steel).  Monongalia:  near 
Morgantown  (Sheldon,  675).  Randolph:  Tygarts  Valley 
River,  near  Elkins  and  Huttonsville ;  and  Tucker :  near  Par- 
sons (Greennian,  104,  105,  106,  107,  108). 
E.  PALUSTRIS   (L.)   R.  &  S. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Mertz  &  Guttcnhcrg).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  : 
Var.  GLAUCESCENS  (Willd.)  Gray. 

Jefferson:  near   Harper's   Ferry    (Mertz  &  Guttenhcrg). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
E.  TENUIS  (Willd.)  Schult.     "Kill  Cow."     "Poverty  Grass." 
Damp  places,  abundant  everywhere. 

Note. — The  above  names  are  applied  along  Tygart's  Val- 
ley River,  where  in  places  this  species  grows  so  abundant  as 
to  take  whole  fields,  and  as  cattle  will  not  thrive  upon  it, 
these  names  suggested  themselves. 
E.  ACICUI.ARIS    (L.)    R.   &   S. 

Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Mcrta  &  Guttenbcrg). 

E.  TRicosTATA  Torrey. 

In  wet  places.     Monongalia:  along  Tibbs  Run   (Sheldon, 

595)- 

FIMBRISTYLIS  Vahl. 

F.  AUTUMN ALis    (L.)    Roem.  &  Schult. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

SCIRPUS,  L. 

S.  Americanus  Pers.  6^.  pungens  Vahl. 

Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Mertz  &  Guttenhcrg). 
S.  vALiDus  Vahl.  (S.  lacustris  Am.  auth.). 

Tucker:  bank  of   Shavers  Fork,  near  Parsons    (Greenman, 
121).     Glady  places.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)? 
S.  DEBiLis  Pursh. 

Wet  places.  Tucker :  bed  of  Shavers  Fork,  near  Parsons 
(Greenman,  69). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2I9 

S.    SYLVATICUS    L. 

Glady  places.     Fa3'ette :  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 

S.    ATROVIRENS,    IMuhl. 

Boggy    places.       Monongalia :    along    the     Monongahela 
River.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall).       Randolph: 
near  Pickens   (H.  H.  Smith,  1394). 
.S.  POLYPHYLLus  Vahl. 

Randolph:    along    Tygart's    Valley    River;    near    Pickens 
{H.    H.   Smith,    1393)  ;   near   Harman    (Greenman,    117). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  ( Millspaugh) . 
S.   LINEATUS   Michx.     Cotton  Grass. 

Low   grounds.      Monongalia :   along   Falling   Run,    above 
the  campus. 
S.  cYPERiNus  (L)  Kunth.     Wool  Grass. 

Wet  meadow  lands.  Monongalia,  frequent.  Upshur : 
near  Buckhannon.  Webster :  in  Long  Glade.  Kanawha : 
up  8-Mile  Creek.  Tucker :  bank  of  Shavers  Fork,  near  Par- 
sons; and  Randolph:  top  of  main  ridge  of  the  Alleghany 
Mountains  opposite  Spruce  Knob  (Greenman,  118,  120). 
S.  Eriophorum  Michx. 

Low,  wet  places.  Barbour  :  near  Tygart  Junction  ( Green- 
man, 326). 

ERIOPHORUM  L. 
E.  Virginicum  L. 

Damp  places.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg.  Preston  :  near 
Cranberry  Summit  (Alert.':  &  Giittenberg)  ;  near  Aurora 
(Adr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

RYNCHOSPORA,  Vahl. 

R.   GLOMERATA    (L.)    Vahl.     Beak-rush. 

Low  grounds.  Webster :  Upper  Glade.  Monongalia : 
near  Morgantown.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Pocahontas: 
near  Travelers  Repose  (Greenman,  122).  Tucker:  banks 
of  the  Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks  (Greenman,  12^). 

CAREX  L. 

C.    FOLLICULATA    L. 

Margins  of  streams.     Tucker :  near  Falls  of  Blackwater. 

C.    INTUMESCENS    RudgC. 

Wet  places.     Fayette :   near   Nuttallburg.     Tucker :   near 

Falls   of   Blackwater.      Randolph :    in    Blister    Swamp   near 

Gandy  Creek   (Greenman,  58).     Preston:  near  Terra  Alta. 

C.  Asa-Grayi  Bailey.     Gray's  Sedge.  (G.  Grayi  Carey). 

Meadows  and  copses.     Upshur:  near  Beech  Fork. 


220  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  LUPL'LiNA,  ]\hihl.     Hop  Sedge. 

Wet  places.     Upshur :  near  Laurentz  (Millspaitgh).    Ran- 
dolph: near  Huttonsville    {Greenman,   60). 

C.   UTRICULATA  BoOtt. 

In  a  meadow  at  Bargers  Spring,  Summers  County,  alti- 
tude 1,500  feet,  July  13,  1900  {Morris,  995). 
C.  LURiDA  Wahl.     Pale  Sedge.  (C.  tentaciila,  Muhl.) 

Swampy  spots.     Monongalia  :  along  Falling  Run.     Wood  : 
near  Lockhart's  Run.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Randolph:    Dry  Fork  River,  near  Harman  {Greenman,  61). 
Randolph:  near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith,  1352). 
C.  Baileyi  Britton.     Slender,  Pale  Sedge. 

On  mossy  boulders.     Webster :  along  Buffalo  Bull  Moun- 
tain, alt.  2,575  feet.    Tucker :  near  Falls  of  Blackwater. 
C.  Frankii  Kunth.  (C.  stenolepis  Torr.) 

Damp  meadows.     Monongalia :  along  Falling  Run.   Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  squarrosa  L. 

River  banks.     Monongalia :  mouth  of  Falling  Run.   Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 
C.  TYPHNOiDES  Schwcin. 

Banks  of  the  Ohio  river  near  Point  Pleasant,  ^lason  Co 
{A.  Lee  Post  1725).    Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  {Shel- 
don 3582). 
C.  Shortiana  Dewey. 

Ohio:  near  ^^lleeling  {Merts,  3320). 
C.  stricta  Lam. 

Sphagnum  Swamp.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  torta  Boott. 

Cold,  damp  places.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  prasina  Wahl. 

Favette :  bed  of  Keeney's  Creek,  near  Nuttallburg  {A'litt- 
all).^ 
C.  CRiNiTA  Lam. 

Damp  swales.     General  throughout  the  State  even  in  the 
higher  mountains. 
C.  CRiNiTA  X  C.  PRASINA  ?  Bailey  in  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va. 
460. 

Fayette:  along  a  run  in  Sugar  Camp  Hollow   {Nuttall). 
C.    VIRESCENS    Muhl. 

Banks  and  copses.     Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run. 
C.  cosTELLATA  Brittou.  ( C.  virescens  costata  Dew.) 

Banks.     Fayette:   near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall).     Preston: 
near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  TRICEPS  Michx. 

Dry  pastures.     Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station.     Fayette : 
woodland  border  of  swamp  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  221 

C.  TENUIS  Riidge.  (C  dcbilis  Rudgci  Bailey.) 

On  mossy  boulders.  Randolph  :  summit  of  Rich  Mountain, 
alt.  2,850  ft. ;  undrained  meadows  of  Tygart's  Valley  River ; 
Point  Mountain,  on  perfectly  dry  rock,  alt.  3,650  ft. 

A  very  common  sedge  in  the  mountains  on  mossy  boulders 
and  along  runs.    Beautiful  growths  occur  all  along  the  Black- 
water  Fork  of  Cheat.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall.) 
C.  OBLiTA  Stend.  (C  venusta  minor  Boeck.) 

Fayette:  near  Masterton's  Swamp,  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall.) 

C.    OLIGOCARPA  Schk. 

Rich  hillsides;  Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Merts,  3257). 
C.  HiTCHCOCKiANA  Dcwcy. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mcrtc). 

C.    GRACILLIMA   Schw. 

Low  grounds.     Tucker :  near  Falls  of  Blackwater.     Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.  AMPHiBOLA  Stend.  (C.  grisca  augustifolia  Boott). 

Fayette:  on  banks  near  Nuttallburg  (Xuttall). 

C.    GLAUCODEA  Tuck. 

Meadows;  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (AUittoll). 

C.    GRANULARIS    Muhl. 

Monongalia  :  in  a  damp  meadow  near  Morgantown  (Shel- 
don 3588). 
C.  LAxiFLORA  Lam. 

Ohio :  on  Thomas  Hill  near  Wheeling.     Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs  (Heller,  1314). 
Var.  LATiFOLiA  Boott. 

Deep  woods.     ^Monongalia  :  banks  of  Day  Creek.     W^irt : 
banks  of  Straight  Creek.     Favette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). 
Var.  PATULiFOLiA  (Dewey)  Carey. 

Fayette:  shady  bank,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.   DIGITALIS,  Willd. 

In  deep  woods.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Favette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg (Nuttall). 

C.    LAXICULMIS    Schw. 

Glady  places.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall), 
C.  PLATYPHYLLA  Carey. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

C.    PLANTAGINEA  Lam. 

Rich  wood.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.  VARiA  Aluhl. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.  Pennsylvanica  Lam. 

Ohio  :  near  Wheeling  ( Mcrt~  &  Guttcnhcrg).  Greenbrier  : 
near  White  Sulphur  .Springs    (Heller.  829). 


222  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  FEDiCELLATA  (Dewcy)   BrittOH.  (C.  conimunis  Bailey). 

Fayette:  dry  soil  under  cliffs,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nitttall). 
C.  Jamesii  Schwein. 

Fayette:  open  woods  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
C.  roLYTRicHoiDES  Willd.  '  (C  leptalea  Wahl.) 

Fayette:  sphagnvim  swamp  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutlall). 
C.  Fraseri  And.    Frazer's  Sedge. 

The  following  remarks  of  Prof.  T.  C.  Porter  render  it 
evident  that  this  rare  and  odd  sedge  came  originally  from 
Randolph  or  Barbour  county,  each  of  which  lies  between  the 
headwaters  of  the  two  Kanawhas : 

"Muhlenberg,  in  his  Descriptio  ubcrior  Graminum,  etc.,.  p. 
265,  under  C.  lagopus  ?,  which  is  C.  Fr-aseri,  Andrews,  adds 
these  words,  'Habitat  in  Tyger- Valley,  Pennsylvania,  eunde 
siccam  hahco  et  vivani.'  Kin,  the  German  gardner  who  col- 
lected in  Pennsylvania,  brought  it  home,  and  his  label  reads 
thus :  'Deigher  VValli  in  der  Wilternus.'  Dr.  Gray  haj 
shrewdly  conjectured  that  by  'Deigher  Walli,'  or  Tygert  Val- 
ley, is  meant  Tygart's  Vallev,  which  lies  further  south  in 
Virginia."  In  a  footnote.  Prof.  Porter  adds  "a  box  contain- 
ing the  Carices  of  Muhlenberg  has  just  been  discovered 
(1877)  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Academy,  Philadelphia,  and 
the  label  attached  to  the  specimens  of  Kin's  collection  places 
Tyger  Valley  'prope  amnem  Kenahway.'  " 

As  the  two  Kanawhas  lie  entirely  within  the  State  of 
West  Virginia,  there  seems  to  be  little  doubt  as  to  the  pro- 
priety of  including  this  species  in  this  Flora. 

Since  writing  the  above  Mr.  Nuttall  has  found  a  plentiful 
station  for  this  species  near  Nuttallburg  in  the  Great  Kana- 
wha region. 
C.  STiPATA  Muhl. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Mertz  &  Guttenberg).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).     Mercer:  near  Bluefield. 
C.  vuLPiNOiDEA  Michx. 

Monongalia :    along   Falling   Run.      Wirt :    near    Burning 
Spring.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nnttall).     Randolph: 
near  Pickens   (H.  H.  Smith  1357). 
C.  ROSEA  Schk. 

Fayette:  R.  R.  bank  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
Var.  RADiATA  Dewey. 

Open  places.  Monongalia :  near  Round  Bottom.  Wirt : 
along  Straight  Creek.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain,  alt. 
3,450  ft.;  also  on  a  dry  rock,  alt.  3,650  ft.  (Millspaugh)  ; 
western  slope  of  the  main  ridge  of  the  Alleghany  Mountains 
above  Horton  (Greenman,  116).  Fayette:  cliffs,  rocks  and 
banks,  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  223 

C.    RETROFLEXA  Muhl. 

Fayette:  Swampy  place  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

C.    SPARGANIOIDES    Muhl. 

Fayette:  wet  open  banks  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  lAIuKLENBERGii  Schk.,  z^ar.^Bailey  in  Millsp.  Prel.  Cab.  Fl. 
An  nitermediate  between  the  type  and  variety  enervis,  Mc 
Bailey.     Randolph  :  .on  an  undrained  meadow  along-  Tyeart's 
Valley  River,  near  Cricard.  '  t,     .rs 

Var.  Xalapensis  (Kth.)  Britton. 

Opens.    Lewis  :  along-  Leading  Creek. 
C.  cephalophora  Muhl. 

Fayette:  banks  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.  brunescens   (Pers.)   Poir. 

Pendleton :  on  Spruce  Knob,  alt.  4,860  ft.  (A.  B    Brooks 
3307). 
C.  Brunnescens  gracilior Britton.  (C.  canescensvulgarisBTiWey). 
On  a  dry  conglomerate  rock.     Randolph :  summit  of  Rich 
Mountain,  alt.  2,850  ft. 
C.   TRIBULOIDES  Wahl. 

In  a  springy  rill.     Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station 
Var.  TURBATA  Bailey. 

Fayette:  low  copse  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall) 
C.  scoPARiA  Schk. 

Open  swales.  Monongalia  :  along  Falling  Run.  Fayette  • 
banks  of  river  and  in  sphagnum  bog  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all)  ;  dry  glade,  Alderson  Farm  (Nuttall). 

C.    STRAMINEA  Willd. 

Dry  soils.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall) 

C.    SCABRATA  Schwciu. 

Randolph:  in  a  mountain  ravine  near  Whitmar  (Green- 
man,  59).  ^ 

C.  BicKNELLii  Britton. 

Monongalia:  in  dry  soil  near  Tibb's  Run  (Sheldon  593). 

A  R  A  C  E  AE. 

ARISAEMA  Mart. 
A.  TRiPHYLLUM   (L.),  Torr.     Jack-in-the-Pulpit. 

Rich,  damp  woods.     Common  throughout  the  State 
A.  Dracontium  (L.)  Schott.    Green  Dragon. 

Low  grounds.     Gilmer:  near  Glenvi'lle  (Mapel). 

SPATHYEMA  Raf.  (1808). 
(Symplocarpus,  Salisb.  1812.) 
S.  FOETiDA  (L.),Raf.    Skunk  Cabbage. 

Boggy  meadows.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta,  ^lonongalia  • 
on  the  Dille  farm. 


224  '''!"■-    Wi:ST    \IRCINIA    FLORA 

Reported  from :  Brooke :  near  WellsbursT;  and  Fowlers. 
Berkeley :  near  Martinsbiirg  and  Hedgesville.  Barbour : 
near  Belington.  Cabell :  near  Milton.  Grant :  near  Medley, 
Greenland,  Mount  Storm,  Ad^aysville  and  Petersburg.  Green 
brier  :  near  Trout  Valley  and  Fort  Spring.  Hampshire  :  near 
Slanesville  and  Capon  Bridge.  Harrison  :  near  Lost  Creek, 
Bridgeport  andj3ood  Hope.  Hardy :  near  Wardensville  and 
Old  Fields.  Hancock :  near  Fairview  and  New  Cumberland. 
Jefferson :  near  Kabletown  and  Summit  Point.  Jackson : 
near  Odaville.  Lewis :  near  Walkersville.  Mercer :  near 
New  Bramwell  and  Princeton.  Mason :  near  Maggie. 
Mineral:  near  Blaine.  Marion:  near  Gray's  Flats.  .Mar- 
shall ;  near  St.  Joseph  and  Glen  Easton.  Ohio :  near  West 
Liberty.  Pocahontas  :  near  Lobelia.  Pleasants  :  near  Schultz. 
Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta,  Masontown,  Eglon  and  Amblers- 
burg.  Randolph  :  near  Lee  Bell,  Kerens  and  Cricard.  Roane  : 
near  Clio.  Summers  :  near  Talcott  and  Clayton.  Taylor : 
near  Knottsville.  Upshur :  near  Kanawha  Haad  and  Hem 
lock.  Wayne :  near  Adkin's  Mills.  Wetzel :  near  Littleton, 
Pine  Grove  and  Blake.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs,  Evelyn 
and  Reedy  Ripple.  Wood:  near  Rockport.  \\  ebster :  neai 
Replete. 

ACORUS  L. 
A.  Calamus  L.    Calamus.    Sweet-flag. 

Swampy  places.  Lewis :  along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Ran- 
dolph :  near  Valley  Bend,  Cricard,  and  on  Point  Mountain, 
alt.  3,050  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).  Berkeley: 
near  Martinsburg. 

^  ORONTIUM  Linn. 
O.  AQUATicuM  Linn.       Golden  Club. 

In  watery  bogs  and  slow  streams.  Grant :  in  Abram  Creek 
(F.  E.  Brooks). 

L  E  M  N  A  C  E  AE. 

LEMNA  L. 
L.  MINOR  L.    Duck-weed. 

Stagnant  waters.     Putnam  :  near  Buffalo. 

C  O  M  M  E  L  I  N  A  C  E  AE. 

TRADESCANTL\,  L. 
T.  ViRGiNiANA  L.     Spiderwort. 

Rich  grounds.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes). 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Wirt,  along  Straight  Creek  and  near  Burning 
Springs.    Hardy  :  near  IMoorefield. 


WEST    XIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  225 

T.  PILOSA,  Lehm.     Hairy  Spiderwort. 

On  boulders.  Wirt :  abundant  beyond  Burning  Springs, 
and  along  Straight  Creek. 

COMMELINA  L. 
C.  ViRGiNicA  L.    Day  Flower. 

Damp  opens.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  {Nuttall). 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {A.  B.  Brooks). 

J  U  N  C  A  C  E  AE. 

JUNCUS  L. 
J.  EFFusus  L.    Soft  Rush. 

Marshy  ground.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Common  throughout. 
Randolph:  in  Blister  Swamp  near  Gaudy  Creek  (Greoimaii, 
112). 

J.    SETACEUS   Rostk. 

Fayette:  near  Loup  reek  (  ?)  [James). 

J.    MARGINATUS    Rostk. 

Aloist  sandy  soils.     Kanawha:  near  Charleston   (James). 
Common  throughout.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
J.  TENUIS  Willd.     "Poverty  Grass." 

Roadsides  and  ditches.     Abundant  throughout  the  State. 

J.    TENUIS  ANTHELATUS  Wiegaud. 

In   reddish,  clayey  soil.     Randolph  :  near   Glady    ( Green- 
man,  no). 
J.  ACUMiNATUS  Michx. 

Damp  places.  Monongalia  and  Marion  :  on  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.  Webster :  in  Welch  and  Long  Glades.  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Millspaugli).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr. 
&  Mrs.  Steele). 

J.    NODOSUS   L. 

Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (AUittall). 
].  Canadensis  J-  Gay. 

Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls.     Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
].  BREVICAUDATUS  (Eugelm.)  Fernald. 

Randolph :  in  a  cold  spruce  swamp  near  "The  Sink",  Gaudy 
Creek ;  also  at  Glady ;  and  Pendleton  :  on  the  main  ridge  of 
the  Alleghany  Mountains  opposite  Spruce  Knob  (Greenman. 

115.   113)- 
J.  Canadensis  subcaudatus  Engelm. 

Tucker :  among  rocks  along  the  Blackwater  River  near 
Hendricks,  and  along  Shavers  Fork  near  Parsons  (Green- 
man,  128,  129). 


226  Till':  WKsr  \-ikginia  flora 

JUNCOIDES  Adans. 

J.  SALTUENSis  Heller.      {Luzula  saltucnsis  Fernald,  L.  vcrnalis 
Man.  not  DC.  Juncoides  pilosum  Cpville  not  Kuntze. 

Ohio:  on  Thomas's  Hill  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Giittcn- 
bcrg).     Fayette :  near  Niittallburg-  (Xuttall).    Upshur:  near 
French  Creek  (F.  E.  Brooks). 
J.  CAMPESTRE  (L.)  Kuntze.  (Liianla  canipestris  DC.) 

Ohio:  near  Benwood  (Merle  &  Guttcnberg).  Tyler:  near 
Long  Reach  Fayette:  near  Nnttallburg  [Xuttall).  IMon- 
ongalia :  near  jMorganlown. 

M  E  L  A  N  T  H  A  C  E  AE. 

CHAAIAELIRIUM  Wiild. 

C.  LUTEUM    (L.),  Gray.     Blazing  Star.     Devil's-bit. 

Glades.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta  and  Kingwood.  Web- 
ster :  in  Welsh,  Long  and  CoUett's  Glades.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  [Mapcl).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).     Fayette:  near  Nnttallburg  (Nntfall). 

CHROSPERMA  Raf.   (1825) 
(Amianthium,  Gray  1837) 
C.  MUSCAETOXicuM    (Walt.)    Kuntze.    Fly  Foison. 

Low  rich  grounds.  Monongalia :  Ice's  Ferry.  Preston  : 
near  Terra  Alta. 

MELANTHIUM.  L. 
M.  ViRGiNicuM  L.  Bunch-flower. 

Glades.    Preston :  near  Terra  Alta  and  in  Morgan's  Glade. 
Monongalia  :  glades  near  Booth's  Creek.     Webster :  Second 
Glade.     Nicholas  :  Collett's  Glade. 
M.  PARviFLORUM    (Michx.),  Watsou. 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Mertc  &  Gut- 
tenberg). 

VERATRUM  L. 
V.  viRiDE,  Ait.     American  White  Hellebore. 

Rich  wet  spots  in  deep  mountain  woods.  Randolph  :  on 
Point  Mountain.  Webster:  Buffalo  Bull  Mountain.  Grant 
and  Tucker :  common  along  streams. 

UVULARL^  L. 

U.    PERFOLIATA   L.      Bcllwort. 

Rich  woods.  Marion  and  Monongalia:  along  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel,  Prof.  Brozvn). 
Fayette:  near  Nnttallburg  (Nuttall).  Greenbrier:  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs   (Eggleston,  4341). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  22/ 

U.  SESSiLiFOLiA  L.  Ookesia  sessilifolia  (L.),  Wats. 

Low     rich     woods.       Gilmer:     near     Glenville     (Mapel). 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg-  (Nuttali).     Mercer:  near  Beaver 

Spr.     Greenbrier:  near  \\'hite  Sulphur  Springs   (Eggleston, 

4361). 
U.  GRANDiFLORA  J.  E.  Smith. 

On  a  north  slope  in  rich  woods  along  Horsepen  Creek  be- 
tween   McDowell    County,    West    Virginia,    and    Tazewell 
County,  Virginia,  alt.  i,goo  ft.,  July  31,  1900  (Morris,  iioo). 
U.  PUBERULA  Michx. 

In  mountain  woods.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs  (Eggleston,  4358). 

L  I  L  I  A  C  E  AE. 

HEMEROCALLIS  L. 
H.  FULVA  L.     Day-lily.     "Eve's  Thread". 

Roadsides  and  fields.  A  frequent  escape  from  cultivation 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown  and  Cassville.  Hampshire  • 
near  Bloomery,  where  "it  has  become  widely  scattered  by 
ploughing." 

ALLIUM  L. 

A.  viNEALE  L.    Field  Garlic. 

Cultivated  fields.  Jefferson :  a  vile  and  abundant  weed  in 
wheat  fields.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  below 
Morgantown. 

Reported  as  a  weed  from :  Berkeley :  near  Oakton,  Mar- 
tinsburg  and  Hedgesville.  Barbour :  near  Belington.  Brax- 
ton :  near  Lloydsville.  Cabell :  near  Union  Ridge.  Dodd  • 
ridge  :  near  Smithton.  Grant :  near  Medley.  Greenbrier  • 
near  Trout  Valley  and  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Hamp- 
shire :  near  Slanesville,  Three  Churches,  Capon  Bridge, 
Bloomery,  Dillon's  Run,  Higginsville  and  Springfield.  Har- 
rison :  near  Good  Hope  and  Bridgeport.  Hardy :  near  War- 
densville  and  Moorefield.  Jefferson :  near  Summit  Point, 
Mohler's.  Leetown,  Charlestown,  Ripon,  Middleway  and 
Kabletown.  Jackson  :  near  Sandy.  Kanawha :  near  Blan- 
don.  Lincoln :  near  Hamlin.  Mercer :  near  Princeton,  and 
Concord  Qiurch.  Marion :  near  Barracksville  and  Gray's 
Flat.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Ohio :  near  West 
Liberty.  Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta,  Reedsville,  Amblersburg 
and  Independence.  Ritchie :  near  Ritchie  C.  H.  Roane : 
near  Walnut  Grove.  Summers :  Talcott.  Taylor :  near 
Knottsville,  Thornton  and  Grafton.  Upshur :  near  Kanawha 
Head.  Wayne :  near  Adkin's  Mills.  Wetzel :  near  Endi- 
cott  and  Blake.  Wirt :  near  Reedy  Ripple.  Wood :  near 
Waverly,  Blennerhassett  and  Rockport. 


228  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

A.  TRicoccuM,  Ait.     Wild  Leek.     "Ramps." 

Rich  Mountain  woods.  Grant:  near  Bayard,  alnmdant. 
Tucker :  abundant  along  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat.  Green- 
brier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Randolph  :  near  Pick- 
ens (//.  H.  Siiiitli)  \  near  the  mountain  top  above  Horton 
(Grcciiina)i,  98).  Ohio:  near  \\nieeling;  and  Upshur:  near 
Helvetia  (Mert;:;  &  Giittcnbcri^). 

A.  CERNUUM  Roth.     Wild  Onion. 

Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertc  & 
Giittcnberg).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Monongalia:  near 
Camp  Eden,  and  banks  of  Decker's  Creek. 

A.  Canadense  L.    Wild  Garlic. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mcrtz  &  Giitfcubcrg).  Fayette* 
near  Loup  Creek  (James). 

LILIUM  L. 

L.  PiiiLADELPHicuM  L.     Wild  Red  Lily.     "Glade  Lily." 

Dry  or  damp  grounds.  Monongalia :  in  Clinton  District 
(M.  H.  Brozun)  near  Stewartstown,  and  Ice's  Ferry.  Marion  . 
along  the  F.,  M.  &  P.  R.  R.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma- 
pel).  Webster:  in  the  glades,  where  it  is  called  "Glade  Lily" 
(Mapel).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (G.).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

L.  SUPERBUM  L.     Turk's-cap  Lily. 

Rich,  low  grounds.  Randolph  :  summit  Point  Mountain, 
alt.  3,700  ft.  Monongalia :  near  IMorgantown  and  Stew- 
artstown. Hardy :  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  LTpshur:near 
Newlin  (H.  H.  Smith,  1792).  Pocahontas:  at  Travelers 
Repose  (Greenman,  71). 

L.  Canadense  L.    Wild  Yellow  Lily. 

Moist  meadows.  Calhoun:  along  Laurel  Run.  Gilmer* 
near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Randolph:  summit  Point  Mountain,  alt.  2,125  f^- 
Monongalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry. 

L.  TiGRiNUM  Ker.     Tiger  Lily. 

Established  from  gardens.  Jefferson,  Berkeley,  Morgan, 
Hampshire  and  Mineral :  along  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  Calhoun  • 
near  Brookville.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 

ERYTHRONIUM  L. 

E.  AiNiERicANUiM   Kcr.      Yellow   Adder's   Tongue.   Dog's   Tooth 
Violet. 

Rich  open  woods  along  streams.  Monongalia  and  Marion  • 
along  the  '  Monongahela  River.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville 
(Mapel;    Broii<n).      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Nuttall) 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  22g 

Frequent  or   common   throughout  the   State.      Hardy :   near 
Moorefield  (Gamble). 
E.   ALBIDUM  Nutt. 

Rich  soil,  Kanawha  region,  along  Coal  and  Len's  Creeks, 
Ohio  Co.,  near  Mt.  de  Chantal  (Boiitlou). 

QUAMASIA  Raf. 

Q.  HYACiNTiiiNA  (Raf.)   Britton.  (Camassia  Fraseri  Torr.) 

Rich  ground.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Gutten- 
berg).     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 

ORNITHOGALUM   L. 
O.  UAiBELLATUM  L.     Star  of  Bethlehem. 

Escaped  from  gardens.     Monongalia :  abundant  and  per- 
sistent on  the  line  of  the  F.,  M.  &  P.  R.  R.  from  Morgan- 
town  to  Coburn's  Creek.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Mapel). 
O.    NUTANS  L. 

In  a  ravine  above  the  glass  factory  north  of  Morgantown, 
Alonongalia  County   (Boutlon). 

MUSCARI  Mill.    ' 
M.  BOTRYOiDES  (L.),  Mill.  Grape  Hyacinth. 

Escaped    from    gardens.      Monongalia :    near    Uffington. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
M.  RACEMOSUM    (L.)   Mill. 

Widely  escaped  and  established  at  the  junction  of  Aarons 
Run  and  Deckers  Creek,  Monongalia  County,  near  Morgan- 
town  (Moffatt). 

ALETRIS  L. 
A.  FARiNOSA  L.     Star  Grass.     Colic  Root. 

Sandy  moist  soils.  W^ebster :  in  Upper  Glade.  Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Xnttall). 

C  O  N  V  A  L  L  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

ASPARAGUS  L. 
A.  OFFICINALIS  L.      Asparagus. 

Woods  and  opens ;  a  frequent  escape.  Jefferson :  near 
Shenandoah  Junction,  plentiful.  Monongalia  :  plentiful  along 
Cheat  River,  near  Ice's  Ferry,  and  at  Stewartstown.  Alason : 
near  Point  Pleasant.  Berkeley  :  near  Martinsburg.  Hardy : 
near  Moorefield. 

CLINTONIA  Raf. 
C.  BOREALis  (Ait.),  Raf.     Clinton's  Lily. 

Cold  damp  weeds.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Preston :  in 
Laurel  hills.     Tucker :  near  Davis. 


230  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  UAiBELLULATA  (Miclix.)  Torr. 

Rich  woods.  Randolph  :  on  Rich  Mountains.  Grant :  near 
Bayard.  Tucker:  in  Land  of  Canaan.  Gihner :  near  Glen- 
ville  {Broz^'u,  Mapcl).  MonongaHa :  near  Morgantown. 
Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  {James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Nuttall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble).  Bar- 
bour: near  Tygart  Junction  {Grecnman,  94).  3kIcDowell: 
near  Elkhorn.     Mercer :  Bkiestone  Jc. 

VAGNERA  Adans. 

V.  RACEMOSA  (L.)  Morong.   (  Uiiifoliuui  racemostLiii  (L.)  Britton). 
Rich  woods.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

UNIFOLUM  Adans    (1763). 

U.  Canadense  (Desf.),  Greene.     {Smilacina  bifolia  Canadensis 
A.  Gray). 

Low,  rich  woods.  Common  throughout  the  northern  and 
eastern  counties.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 

DISPORUM  SaHsb. 

D.  lanuginosum  (Michx.)  Nichols.  {Prosartes  lanuginosa,  Don.) 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Preston  : 
near  Terra  Alta.  Mineral :  near  Keyser  {Workman).  V^lx- 
ette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A'M/^a//).  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Mer- 
cer :  Bluestone  Jc.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 
{Eggleston,  4343).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

STREPTOPUS   Michx. 

S.  ROSEus  Michx.     Twisted  Stalk. 

Cold,  damp  woods.  L-pshur :  along  Sand  Run.  Preston: 
near  Terra  Alta.  Tucker :  near  Blackwater  Falls.  Grant : 
near  Bayard.    Randolph  :  western  slopes  of  Cheat  Mountains. 

SALOMONIA  Heist. 

{Polygonatum  Adans.) 

S.  BiFLORA  (Walt.)  Britton. 

Rich  woods  and  wooded  banks.     Frequent  generally 
S.  coMMUTATA  (R.  &  S.)  Brittou.  {P.  giganteum,  Dietr.) 

Edges  of  meadows.  Nicholas :  near  Beaver  Mills.  Gil- 
mer:  near  Glenville  {Mapcl).  Monongalia:  the  Flats  near 
Morgantown.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 


WEST    \'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  23I 

CONVALLARIA  Linn. 
C.  MAjALis  Linn.     Lily-of-the-Yalley. 

High  mountain  woods.  Pocahontas :  near  Winterburn 
(A.  B.  Brooks). 

MEDEOLA  L. 
M.  ViRGiNL\NA  L.     Indian  Cucumber. 

Rich,  damp  woods.  Upshur :  along  Sand  Run.  Grant 
and  Tucker :  in  the  mountains  woods,  plentiful.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown. 
Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  (James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg-  (Niittall).,  and  elsewhere  frequent.  McDowell:  near 
Elkhorn. 

TRILLIUM  L. 

T.  SESSILE  L.     Sessile-flowered  Purple  Trillium. 

Moist  woods.     Monongalia  and  Marion :  abundant  along 
the  Monongahela  River.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Broztm). 
T.  ERECTUM  L.     Purple  Trillium. 

Rich  woods.     Throughout  the  northern  and  eastern  por- 
tions of  the  State.     McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
Var.  ALBUM  Pursh. 

IMonongalia :  near   Morgantown.     Gilmer  :  near  Glenville 
{Mapcl,  Brown).    Taylor:  near  Valley  Falls  (N.  S.  Hayes). 
Var.  DECLiNATUM  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  VV.  Va.,  453  (1902). 

Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Mason:  near  Point 
Pleasant.     Jackson  :  near  Ravenswood. 

(Note: — This    form    appears    to    be    sufficiently   different 
from  T.  erectum,  and  T,  cernum,  to  retain  it ;  otherwise  I 
could  not  list  the  specimens  gathered.) 
T.  GRANDiELORUM   (Michx.)   Salisb.     White  Trillium. 

Rich  woods.    Abundant  throughout  the  northern  counties. 
Gilmer:   near   Glenville    (Mapel,  Prof.    Brozvn).      Fayette: 
near    Nuttallburg     (Nuttall).       McDowell:    near    Elkhorn. 
Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Heller,  840). 
T.  CERNUUM  L.    Wake  Robin. 

Moist  woods.     Gilmer :  near  Glenville  (Mapel).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
T.  NiVALE  Riddell.  ^Dwarf  White  Trillium. 

In  moss  of  wet  rocks.     Monongalia :  along  Quarry  Run. 
Grant :  along  Buffalo  Creek.    Randolph  :  along  runs  feeding- 
Shaver's  Fork  of  Cheat.     Tucker:  along  Beaver  Creek,  and 
Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat. 
T.  UNDULATUM  Willd.  (T.  crythrocarpum  Michx.) 

Cold  deep  ravines  along  runs.  Grant :  near  Bayard. 
Randolph :  Cheat  River  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Whitmar 
(Greeuman.  73).  Tucker:  along  Black  Water  Fork.  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  rare   (Nuttall).     Mc- 


232  THE    WESr    X'IRGINIA    FL-ORA 

Dowell :  near  Elkliorn.  Taylor:  near  A^alley  Falls  (N.  S. 
Hayes).  Mercer:  lUncstonc  Jc.  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

S  U  I  L  A  C  E  A  E. 

SMIL  AX  L. 

S.  HERBACEA  L.     Carrion  Flower. 

Thickets.     Monongalia:  plentiful  at  the  Flats.     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg-,  rare  (Nuttall). 
S.  ROTUNDiEOLiA  L.    Greenbrier. 

Thickets,  too  common  throughout  the  State. 
S.   GLAUCA  Walt. 

Dry  thickets.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).  Monongalia:  along 
Cheat  River  near  Ice's  Ferry. 

S.    TAMNIFOLIA    Michx. 

Dry  soils.     Preston:  near  Aurora  [Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
S.  Pseudo-China  L. 

Dry    soils.      Monongalia :    plentiful    on    the    Flats ;    near 
Morgantown. 
S.  HispiDA  Muhl.     Bristly  Sarsaparilla. 

Rich  soil.  Marion  :  near  Fairmont.  Preston  :  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

A  M  A  R  Y  L  L  I  D  A  C  E  A  E.  • 

HYPOXIS  L. 
H.  HiRSUTA   (L.)   Coville.     Star  Grass.     Yellow-eyed  Grass. 
(H.  ere  eta  L.). 

Open  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  common  (Nntt- 
all). Lewis:  up  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Monongaha :  along 
Cheat  River  near  Camp  Eden,  plentiful.  Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).    Mercer:  near  Bluefield. 

DIOSCOREACEAE. 

DIOSCOREA  L. 

D.  GLAUCA  Muhl.  Wild  Yam-root.  Colic-root.  (D.i'illosaYlova.). 
Thickets  and  rich  woods.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain, 
alt.  3,450  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg,  pistillate  plants  rare  (Nnttall).  Grant 
and  Tucker :  plentiful  in  the  mountain  woods.  Monongalia: 
plentiful.  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Sum- 
mers :  near  Hinton.  Hardy  :  near  Moorefield.  McDowell : 
near  Elkhorn.     Mercer :  Bluestone  Junction.     Preston  :  near 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  233 

Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele);  near  Albright  {Bartlett). 
Barbour:  {Grccnman).  jMonongalia :  (Jennings).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (//. 
H.  Smith,  1846). 

I  R  I  D  A  C  E  A  E. 

IRIS  L. 

I.  VERSICOLOR  L.    Blue  Flag. 

Ditches   and   wet  lands.      Preston :   near   Terra  Alta   and 
Reedsville. 
I.  VERNA  L.     Dwarf  Iris. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
I.  CRiSTATA  Ait.     Dwarf  Crested  Iris. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  plentiful. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Brozvn).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Marion:  along  the  Monogahela 
River,  plentiful. 

SISYRINCHIUM  L. 

S.  ANGUSTiFOLiUM    Alill.      Bluc-eycd    Grass.      5'.    Bermiidianum 
Gray,  not.  L. 

Moist    grassy    places.       Fayette :    near     Kanawha     Falls 
(James);  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall).     Gilmer:  near  Glen- 
ville   (Mapel).     Monongalia:   near   Morgantown,   and  else- 
where common. 
S.  GRAMiNOiDES  Bickuell.  (S.  anceps  S.  Wats.) 

Grassy  places.  Fayette:  meadows  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all).    Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon,  1582). 

S.    MUCRONATUM    Michx. 

Meadows.     Preston:  near  Cranesville  (Sheldon,   1509). 
O  R  C  H  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

CYPRIPEDIUM  L. 

C.  PARViFLORUM  Salisb.    Small  Lady's  Slipper. 

Rich  woods.     Monongalia :  near   ]\Iorgantown.     Marion : 
near  Opekiska  and  Fairmont.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma- 
pel; Brozvn).     Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Workman).     Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble).    Lewis:  (liinsman). 
C.  HiRSUTUM  Mill.  Large  Lady's  Slipper.    (C.  pubescens  Willd.) 
Low   woods.     Same   stations   as  the  last.     Fayette ;  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).    Slope  of  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300 
ft.     (Small;  Eggleston,  4359;  JJeller,  821). 
C.  ACAULE  Ait.     Moccasin  Flower. 

Dry  or  moist  woods.  Monongalia :  near  Cheat  Viewj 
plentiful.      Preston:    near   Reedsville.      Gilmer:   near    Glen- 


234  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

ville  {Broum).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallbnrg-,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  in 
laurel  thickets.  Marion :  along  the  F.  I\l.  &  P.  R.  R. 
Mineral:  near  Keyser  (JVorkinan)  Kanawha:  near  Coal- 
burg  (James).  Flardy :  near  ^loorefield  {Gamble).  Web- 
ster: near  Tater  Knob  (//.  H.  Smith,  1491).  Upshur:  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

GALEORCHIS  Rydb. 
G.  spECTABiLis   (L.)   Rydb.     Showy  Orchid.  (Orchis  L.) 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Brozm).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg, 
rare  (Nuttall).     McDowell:  near  Elkhorn. 

LYSIAS  Salisb. 
L.  ORiucuLATA   (Pursh)   Rydb.        (Habcnaria  orbiculata  Torr.). 
Rich  woods.     Randolph  :  near   summit  of  Rich  Mountain 
(Millspaugh).      Pendleton:   in   shade   of   spruce   trees   near 
the  summit  of  Spruce  Knob  (Brooks).     Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

PERULARIA  Lindl. 
P.  FLAVA  (L.)  Rydb.  (Hebenaria  flava  Gray). 

Wet  situations.     Webster:   in   long  Glade    (Millspaugh). 

GYMNADENIOPSIS  Rydb. 
G.  CLAVELLATA  (Michx.)  Rydb.      (Hebenaria  tridentata  Hook.). 
Wet  places.     Webster :  in  Long  Glade  and  Welsh  Glade 
(.Millspaugh).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

BLEPHARIGLOTTIS  Raf. 
B.  ciLiARis  (L.)  Rydb.  (Habenaria  ciliaris  R.  Br.). 

Wet    sandy   bogs.      Webster :    Welch    and    Long    Glades. 
Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta  (Millspaugh).    Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 
alburg,  rare  (Nuttall).     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
B.  LACERA   (Michx.)   Rydb.  (Habenaria  lacera  R.   Br.). 

Bogs   and   moist   thickets.      Wood :   near   Lockharts   Run 
(Millspaugh).     Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Mertz  & 
Guttenherg).      Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall).      Up- 
shur:  near  French  Creek  (Brooks). 
B.  PSYCODES  (L.)  Rydb.  (Habenaria  psycodcs  A.  Gray). 

Wet  places.     Randolph :  on  Rich  Mountain ;  Grant :  near 
Bayard ;   Preston :   near  Terra  Alta ;  Wayne :  near   Central 
City  (Millspaugh);     Pocahontas:  (Folloek). 
B.  I'ERAMOENA  (A.  Gray)  Rydb.    (Habenaria  peranioena  Gray). 
Moist  meadow.     Upshur:  near   French   Creek    (Brooks). 
Preston:  near  Reedsville  (Sheldon,  1896). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  235 

ISOTRIA  Rafin. 

1.  vEKTiciLLATA    (Willd.)    Raf.  (Pogonia  verticillata  Nutt.)- 

Woodlands.  Upshnr :  near  French  Creek,  very  abundant, 
growing  with  Kahiiia  and  Gaultheria ;  Webster :  along  the 
Gauley  River  (F.  E.  Brooks). 

POGONIA  Juss. 
P.  opiiiOGLOSSoiDES  (L.),  Ker. 

Boggy  places.  Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Mcrtc 
&  Guttcnberg).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xuttall). 
Upshur:  near  French  Creek  (Brooks). 

GYROSTACHYS  Pers.  (1807). 

(Spiranthes,  Rich.    1818). 

G.  CERNUA  (L.)   Kuntze.    Ladies  Tresses. 

W'et    meadows.      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Ahittall). 
Monongalia ;   frequent  throughout.      Preston :   near   Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
G.  GRACILIS   (Bigel.)    Kuntze.    Twisted  Stalk. 

Sandy  woods  and  fields.  Fayette :  near  Nutallburg,  in 
hard,  grassy  ground  (Niittall) .  Monongalia  :  near  Morgan- 
town.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 

PERAMIUM   Salisb.   (1812). 

(Goodyera,  R.  Br.  1813.) 

P.  REPENS  (L.)  Salisb. 

In  deep  evergreen   forests.     Grant :  under   Black   Spruce 
near  Bayard.     Fayette :  in  deep  Laurel  thickets,  rare,  near 
Nuttallburg  (A/'w^/a//).     McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.    Preston- 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
P.  PUBESCENS  (Willd.)  MacM.  Rattlesnake  Plantain. 

Rich    woods.      Monongalia :    along    Decker's    Creek    and 
Tibb's   Run.        Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg,   rare    (Nuttall) 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Nicholas:  near 
Beaver  Mills.     McDowell:  near  Welch.     Webster:   (H .  H. 
Smith,   i86p). 
P.  oPHioiDES  (Fernald)  Rydb. 

Cold  mossy   woodlands.      Pocahontas :   Cranberry   Glades 
(Brooks,  3859). 
P.  Menziesii  (Lindl.)  Morong. 

In  deep  rich  woods,  Webster:  near  Tater  Knob  (H.  H. 
Smith,  i860). 

TIPULARIA  Nutt. 
T.  UNIFOLIA  (Muhl.)  B.  S.  P. 

L^pshur :  common  at  French  Creek  (F.  E.  &  A.  B.  Brooks) 


236  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

TRIPHORA   Nutt. 

T.  TRiANTHOPKORA  (Sw.)   Rydb.  (Pogonia  Sw.)- 

Upshur:  near  French  Creek   (Brooks). 

ACHROANTHES  Raf.  (1808). 

(Microstylis,  Nutt.   1818). 

A.  UNIFOLIA  (Michx.)   Raf. 

Rich  woodlands.  Greenbrier  :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 
(Merts  &  Guttenherg).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare 
(Nuttall). 

LEPTORCHIS  Thou.  (1808). 

{Liparis,  Rich.  1818). 

L.  LiLiiFOLiA  (L.)   Kuntze.     Tway-blade. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  the  Flats  near  Morgantown. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel,  Brozvn).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 

CORALLORHIZA  R.  Br. 

C.  CoRALLoRHiZA  (L.)  Karst.     Coral  root.       (C  iiinata  R.  Br.) 
Deep,  rich  woods.     Grant :  near  Bayard.     Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nuttall).    Greenbrier:  near  White 
Sulphur  Springs. 

C.    ODONTORHIZA    (Willd.),    Nutt. 

Rich  woods.  Gihner :  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  feet  (Nuttall).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs,  Steele). 

C.    MULTIFLORA   Nutt. 

Woodlands.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  feet 
(Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

APLECTRUM  Nutt. 

A.  HYEMALE   (Muhl.)   Torrey.  (A.  spicatum  B.   S.  P.). 

Rich   woods.      Monongalia  :   near   Morgantown.      Gilmer : 

near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

LIMODORUM  L.  (1753). 
(Calopgon,  R.   Br.    1813). 
L.  TUBEROSUM  L.  C.  pulchellus,  R.  Br. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2,37 

S  A  U  R  U  R  A  C  E  A  E. 

SAURURUS  L. 

S.  CERNUUS  L.     Lizard's  Tail. 

Streams.  Jefferson  :  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Mcrts  &  Gut- 
tcnhcrg).  Brooke:  near  Wellsburg.  Fayette:  near  Nutt- 
allburg  (Nuftall).  Wayne :  in  a  glade  (Hopkins).  Wood: 
near  Parkersburg  (Pollock). 

J  U  G  L  A  N  D  A  C  E  A  E. 

JUGLANS  L. 
J.  ciNEREA  L.     Butternut.  White  Walnut. 

Common  throughout  the  State  even  in  the  valleys  of  the 
highest  ahitudes.     Randolph  :  along   Tygart's  \'alley  Rivei 
near  Huttonsville  (Grecnuian,  197). 
J.  NIGRA  L.     Black  Walnut. 

Rich  soils,  even  in  the  higher  Alleghanies.  A  very  com- 
mon and   valuable  timber  tree  throughout  the  State. 

HIGORIA  Raf. 
H.  ovATA    (j\Iill.)    Britton.     Shag  or  Shellbark  Hickory   (Carya 
alba,  Nutt.). 

Low  grounds,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
H.  LAciNiosA  (Michx.)  Sarg.     King  Nut  (Carya  sulcata,  Xutt.). 

Rich  soil.     Monongalia  :  near  Ice's  Ferry. 
H.  ALBA   (L.)   Britton.     White  Heart  Hickory.     (Carya  t omen- 
to  sa,  Nutt.) 

Woods,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
H.  GLABRA  (Mill.)   Britton.     Pig  Nut.       (Carya  porcina,  Nutt.) 

Dry  soils,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
H.  MicROCARPA   (Nutt.)    Brittou.          (Carya  microcarpa,  Nutt.) 

Woodlands.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
H.  coRDiFORMis  (Wang.)  Britton,  Bitternut.  (Carya  amaraKutt) 
Low    Woods.      Greenbrier :   near   Fort    Spring   and   Ron- 
ceverte.      Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg    iXutfall).     Webster: 
near  Pugh  (H.  H.  Smith,  1682). 

S  A  L  I  C  A  C  E  A  E. 

POPULUS  L. 
P.  ALBA,  L.  White  Poplar.     Abele. 

A  frequent  escape  from  cultivation.  In  many  places  in  the 
State,  where  the  tree  is  planted  for  ornament,  this  species 
spreads  widely  from  the  root,  thus  often  becoming  a  pest 
in  lawns  and  along  streets. 


238  THE    WEST    \IRGIN1A    FLORA 

P.  TREMUEOiDES,  Alichx.     Aspcii.     Trciiiblino-  Poplar. 

Wooded   hillsides.      Wirt :   alonu;-   Little    Kanawha    River. 
Calhoun  :  near  Grantsville.     Gilmer :  near  Glenville.     Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Marion ;  along  the  Monongahela  River.     Sum- 
mers :  near  Riffe.     Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
P.  GRANDiDENTATA  Michx.     Large-toothcd  Aspen. 

Preston  :  near  Cranberry  Summit.     Ohio :  near  Wheeling 
(Merts  &  Guttcnberg).     Webster:  on  Tater  Knob   {H.  H. 
Smith,  1485). 
P.  CANDicANS  Ait.     P.alm  of  Gilead. 

Plentiful  at  Montana,  along  the  Monongahela  River  in 
Marion  Co.  Monongalia :  the  Flats  near  Morgantown.  Gil- 
mer: near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg, 
very  likely  introduced  {Nuttall).  Webster:  Hacker  Valley 
(H.  H.  Smith,)  1602). 
P.  DELTOiDES  Marsh.    Cottonwood.  (P.  monilifera  Ait.). 

Ohio:  near  Bogg's  Run  (Merts  &  Guttenberg).    Mason: 
near  Point  Pleasant. 

SALIX  L. 

S.  NIGRA  Marsh.    Black  Willow. 

Along  streams,  frequent  or  common.     The  principal  wil- 
low of  the  State. 
Far.  FALCATA   (Pursh.)   Torr.     Scythe-leaved  Black  Willow. 

Along  springy  runs.    Wirt :  along  Straight  Creek.  Lewis : 
along  Leading  Creek.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

S.    AMYDALOIDES  And. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
S.  ALBA,   var.  viTELLiNA    (L.)    Koch.     White  Willow. 

Scattered,   from  protective  or  ornamental  planting,  along 
streams  in  many  parts  of  the  State. 
S.  Babylonica  L.    Weeping  Willow. 

A   frequent  escape  as   in  the   last   species.     Monongalia : 
near    Morgantown.      Jefferson :    near    Flowing    Spring    and 
Milltown. 
S.  DISCOLOR  Muhl.     Shining  Willow. 

Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Lslands   (Mcrts  &  Guttenberg.) 
S.  HUMiLis  Marsh.     Prairie  Willow. 

Glady  regions.     Webster :   near  LTpper   Glade.     Preston : 
near  Terra  Alta. 
S.  sericea  Marsh.     Silky  Willow. 

Along  streams.     Randolph  :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River. 
Greenbrier :    near    White    Sulphur    Springs.      Ohio :    near 
Wheeling  (Merts,  2641). 
S.  coRDATA  Muhl.     Heart-leaved  Willow. 

Along  streams,   frequent.     Lewis :  along  Leading  Creek. 
Wood  :  near  Parkersburg.     Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  239 

MYRICACEAE. 

COMPTONIA  Banks. 
C.  PEREGRIN  A   (L.)   Coulter.  (Myrica  asplenifolia  L.). 

Dry  soil,  especially  on  hillsides.  Hampshire :  along  Cac- 
apon  Creek  (Brooks). 

BETULACEAE. 

CARPINUS  L. 
C.  Caroliniana,  Walt.     Blue  or  Water  Beech. 

Damp  thickets  and  river  banks.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth. 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  plentiful.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  (Mapel).  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Summers:  near  Hin- 
ton.  Marion  :  near  Worthington.  Jefferson  :  near  Harper's 
Ferry  (Mcrtz  &  Guttenhen^).  Webster:  Hacker  Valley 
(H.  H.  Smith,  1531). 

OSTRYA  Scop. 
O.  ViRGiNiANA  (Mill.)  Willd.    Lever  Wood.     Iron  Wood. 

Rich  woods  and  along  streams.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth. 
Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain ;  at  first  Top  of  Cheat  there 
is  a  forest  of  this  wood  where  trees  are  found,  in  numbers, 
from  1-3  feet  in  diameter.  Webster :  on  Buffalo  Bull  Moun- 
tain. Greenbrier  :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Summers  : 
near  Hinton.  Marion:  near  Worthington.  Favette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 

CORYLUS  L. 
C.  Americana,  Walt.     Hazlenut. 

Thickets,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
C.  ROSTRATA  Ait.     Beaked  Hazlenut. 

Mountainous  regions.    Upshur :  summit  on  Staunton  Pike 
Randolph  :  near  Fords. 

BETULA  L. 
B.  LENTA  L.     Sweet  Birch.     Black  Birch. 

Rich  Woods.  Common  throughout  the  State.  Grows 
very  large  in  the  mountains.  One  specimen  near  Cheat 
Bridge  measure  7  ft.  9  in.  in  diameter.  Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
B.  LENTA  X  LUTEA.  Millsp.  Field  Mus.  Bot.  1:201  (1896). 
A  number  of  specimens  of  this  hybrid  birch  were  found 
in  1892  at  Pickens,  Randolph  Co.  In  all,  the  bark  forms  of 
each  species  were  intermixed.  All  the  specimens  were  small 
saplings  about  2  in.  in  diameter  (Millspaugh). 


240  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    ELORA 

B.  LU'iE.A  Alichx.f.     Yellow  Birch. 

Higher  mountain  woods.     Grant:  near  Bayard.     Tucker: 
near    Hulings.      Braxton :    near    Sutton.      Randolph :    near 
Pickens.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
B.  POPULiFOLiA  Marsh.     White  Birch. 

Poor  soils.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).  Randolph: 
near  Winchester. 

B.  NIGRA  L.     River  Birch.    Red  Birch. 

Along  streams.  Calhoun :  along  Little  Kanawha  River. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (iMapcl).  Greenbrier:  near  Fort 
Spring.  Summers :  near  Greenbrier  Stockyards ;  near  Hin- 
ton.  Kanawha  :  near  Handle}'.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall)  ;  and  common  along  streams  throughout  the  cen- 
tral and  southern  counties.  A  tree  14  feet  2^  inches  in 
circumference  was  measured  near  Bargers  Spring,  Sum- 
mers County  (Morris). 

ALNUS  Gaertn. 
A.  Alnobetula     (Ehrh.)     K.    Koch.      Mountain    Alder.       (.-/. 
z'iridis  DC.) 

Along  mountain  stream;.,  rare.  Greenbrier :  Columbia 
Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  ( Nuttall).  Po- 
cahontas :  at  Traveler's  Repose.  Randolph :  along  Cheat 
River. 
A.  RUGOSA  (DuRoi)  K.  Koch.  Smooth  Alder.  (A.  scrndata 
Willd.) 

Low   grounds   and   along   rivers.      Common,   especially   in 
the  glade  regions. 
A.  iNCANA  (L.)  Willd.     Hoary  Alder. 

In  wet  places.    Pocahontas:  Cranberry  Glades?  (Brooks) 

F  A  G  A  C  E  A  E. 

FAGUS  L. 
F.  Americana   Sweet.     Beech.  (F.   fcrnii^iiica   Ait.). 

General  throughout  the  State. 

CASTANEA  Adans. 

C.  dentata    (Marsh.)    Borkh.    Chestnut.    (C.   vcsca   Americana 

Michx.). 

Rocky  hillside  woods  throughout  the  State. 
C.  pumila    (L.)    i\lill.     Chinquapin. 

Dry  hills.  Fayette :  near  Nuttalllnu'g,  alt.  2,000  feet, 
frequent  (Nuttall).  Wayne:  near  Ceredo  and  Compton's 
Creek.  Mercer:  Beaver  Spr.,  and  Tngleside.  A  remark- 
ably spreading  and  symmetrical  individual  was  observed  in 
a  pasture  at  Bargers  Spring,  Summers  County  (Morris). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  24I 

QUERCUS  L. 
Q.  ALBA  L.     White  Oak.'^ 

All  soils,  plentiful  throughout  the  State. 
Q.   MINOR   (Marsh.)   Sarg.     Post  Oak.     Iron  Oak.   (Q.  stdlata, 
Wang. ) 

Dry  sterile  soils,  common. 
Q.  MACROCARPA  AHchx.     Burr  Oak.     Mossy-cup  Oak. 

Rich  soils.     Tyler :  near  Long  Reach. 
Q.  Prinus  L.     Chestnut  Oak. 

Rocky  woods.     Frequent  throughout  the   State. 
Q.  acuminata   (Michx.)    Houda.     Yellow  Oak.      (Q.  Miihlen- 
hcrgii  Engelm.) 

Rich,  wooded  valleys,  especially  in  the  mountains.     Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  {NuttaJl). 
Q.  pagodaefolia  (Ell.)  Ashe. 

Rich  bottom  lands.     Kanawha :  a  few  trees  found  on  the 
north  side  of  the  river  at  Charleston  (Brooks). 
Q.  bicolor  Willd.  (Q.  platanoidcs  Sudw.). 

Moist  soils  and  borders  of  streams.  Grant :  along  Eunice 
Creek;  Hardy:  along  the  South  Branch,  near  Moorefield; 
Pocahontas:  near  Marlinton;  Randolph:  along  the  Tygarts 
Valley  near  Eluttonsville ;  Upshur :  rare  near  Lorentz 
{Brooks). 
Q.  rubra  L.    Red  Oak. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  in  both  rich  and  poor  soils. 
O.  coccinea  Wang. 

Woodlands.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  apparently  a  sec- 
ond growth  {NuttaJl). 
0.  velutina  Lam.    Black  Oak.  (Q.  tinctoria  Bartr.), 

Dry    woodlands.      In   large   tracts   in   the   Alleghanies   of 
Mineral.   Grant  and  Tucker  counties.     Gilmer :   near  Glen- 
ViWe  {Mapel).    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (#Mf?a//).    Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
Q.  palustris  DuRoi. 

Along  streams.     Monongalia:  near  Stumptown.     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  {Niittall). 
Q.  DiGiTATA  (Marsh.)  Sudw.   Spanish  Oak.     (0. /a/ca^a,  Michx.) 

Dry  sandy  soils  throughout  the  western  counties. 
Q.  NIGRA  L.     Black  Jack  Oak. 

Common  in  dry  or  heavy  clay  soils  throughout  the  center 
of  the  State.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 
O.  NANA  (Marsh.)  Sarg.  Holly-leaved  Oak.    {Q.  ilicif alia  Wang.) 
Sandy   soils.      Hariipshire :   near   Romney.      Hardy :   near 
Moorefield. 
O.  IMBRICARIA  Michx.     Laurel  Oak. 

Rich  woods.     Monongalia :  near  Morgantown  and  Laurel 
Point.     Hardv  :  near  Moorefield. 


242  TJIE    WKST    \IKGINIA    FLORA 

U  L  AI  A  C  E  A  E. 

ULAIUS  L. 
U.   FULVA   Michx.   Slippery   Elm. 

Rich  soils.  Monongalia:  near  Alorgantown,  Laurel  Point 
and  Stumptown.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Maf^cl).  Eayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall).  Alason:  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Summers :  along  Greenbrier  River.  Webster :  at  Tatei 
Knob  (H.  H.  Smith,  I4g2). 
U.  Americana  L.     White  Elm. 

Along  rivers.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
U.  RACEMOSA  Thomas.     Corky  Elm. 

Near  streams.  Alonroe  :  near  Alderson.  Summers  :  along 
Greenbrier  River.  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith, 
1704). 

CELTIS  L. 
C.  occiDENTALis  L.     Hackbcrry. 

Woods    and    river    banks.      Jefferson :    near    Shenandoah 
Junction.     Alonongalia :  near  Morgantown.     Jackson  :  near 
Ripley.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
C.  PUMiLA  Pursh. 

Among  the  rocks  on  the  banks  of  both  rivers  at  Harper'.<^ 
Ferry.  Often  fruiting  copiously,  on  every  twig,  on  trees 
but  2  or  3  feet  high  (Greene). 

M  O  R  A  C  E  A  E. 
MORUS  L. 

M.  RUBRA  L.  Black  Mulberry. 

Rich  woods.     Wood,  Wirt,  Calhoun  and  Gilmer  (Mapel). 
Along    the    Little    Kanawha    River.      Jefferson :    frec^uent 
throughout.       Greenbrier :     near    \\  hite     Sulphur    Springs. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  no  large  trees  noted    (Nuttall) 
M.  ALBA  L.    White  Mulberry." 

A  frequent  escape.  Alonongalia  :  near  Alorgantown.  Jef- 
ferson :  near  Millville  and  Charlestown  (MillspaiigJi)  ;  fre- 
quent about  Harper's  Ferry    (Greene). 

FICUS  Linn. 
F.  CARICA  L.     Fig. 

Fayette :  on  a  ledge  near  the  railroad  from  Gauley  Bridge 
toward  Gauley  Junction  (Eggleston,  5540). 

TOXYLON  Rat  (1817). 
(Madura  Nutt.  1818). 
T.  POMiFERUM   Raf.  (Madura  anrantiaca  Nutt.") 

Banks  of  the  Ohio  River,  Mason  Co.,  near  Point  Pleas- 
ant.    (Mills  t^augh). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  243 

BROUSSONETIA  L'Herit. 

B.  FAPYRiFERA   (L.)    Veiit.     Paper  Mulberry.     "Cut  Paper." 

Escaped  from  cultivation.  Jefferson :  near  Flowing 
Spring-  Mill  and  Milltown.  Kanawha :  near  IMontgomery 
Berkeley :  near  Alartinsburg. 

HUMULUS  L. 
H.  LupuLus  L.    Hops. 

Alluvial  banks  near  streams.  \'ery  doubtfully  native 
Randolph  :  near  Cricard.  Marshall :  near  Moundsville.  ]\Ia- 
rion :  near  Clements,  and  Catawba.  ^Mineral :  opposite  Cum- 
berland, Md. 

CANNABIS  L. 

C.  SATiVxV  L.     Hemp. 

Fields  and  waste  places.  Escaped  from  cultivation.  Jack- 
son :  frequent. 

U  R  T  I  C  A  C  E  A  E. 

URTICA  L. 
U.  GRACILIS,  Ait.     Nettle. 

Moist  shady  places.     Common. 
U.  URENS  L.     Stinging  Nettle. 

Adventive.      Hancock:   near   Holliday's   Cove.      Rare. 

URTICASTRU^I    Fabr. 
U.  DivARicATUM   (L.)   Kuntze.       (Lapoyfea  Canadensis  Gaud.). 
Moist  rich  woods.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
near  Kanawha  Falls  (James).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr. 
&  Mrs.  Steele).     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 

ADICEA  Raf.  (1815). 
(Pilea,  Lindl.   1821). 

A.  PUMiLA   (L.)   Raf.     Clear  Weed.     Rich  Weed.      (P.  piimila 

(L.)  Gray). 
Cool,  moist,  shady  places.    Common  throughout  the  State. 

BOEHMERIA  Jacq. 

B.  CYLINDRICA    (L.)    Willd. 

Damp  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xiittall).  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Uffington. 

B.    CYLINDRICA   SCABRA    PortCr. 

Barbour:  in  moist  places  near  Tygart  Junction  (Green- 
man  340). 


244  Till-:    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

PARIETARIA  Linn. 
P.  Pennsylvanica  Miihl. 

Pocahontas:  on  a  rocky  hillside  near  Traveler's  Repose 
(Grecjimaii  342). 

LORANTHACEAE. 

PHORADENDRON  Nutt. 
P.  FLAVESCENS  (Pursh.)   Nutt.     American  Mistletoe. 

Parasitic  on  Sugar-Maple  and  Black  Locust,  along  the 
Great  Kanawha  River  in  Fa3^ette  County.  On  Black  Wal- 
nut and  Elm  in  Kanawha  County.  On  Elms  in  Mason 
County  and  in  Wood  near  Parkersburg.  On  Elms  and 
Hickories,  along  the  Ohio  and  Great  Kanawha  rivers,  in 
Cabell  County. 

SANTALACEAE. 

PYRULARIA  Michx. 
P.  PUBERA  Michx. 

Rich  woods.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.  Nicholas  Co., 
along  Peter  Creek   (BouMou).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 

{Pollock). 

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. 

ASARUM  L. 
A.  Canadense  L.     Wild  Ginger.     "Colic  Root." 

Rich  woods.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  (Mapel;  Broum).  Jefferson:  near  Flowing 
Spring  Mill.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nttttall).  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Uffington  and  Morgantown.  McDowell :  near 
Elkhorn.  Mercer:  Bluestone  Jc,  and  common  throughout 
the  State. 

HEXASTYLIS  Raf. 
H.  ViRGiNiCA   (L.)   Small.  (Jsanini  Virginicuni  L.). 

Rich  soil.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker :  along  Blacl: 
Water.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapcl,  Brozvn).  Green- 
brier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  McDowell :  near  Elk- 
horn. Mercer :  Bluestone  Jc.  and  Bluefield.  Upshur :  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock)  .  Fayette:  at  Hawks  Nest  (Holton). 
H.  Shuttlewortiiii  (J.  Britten)  Small.  (Asaruin  J.  Britten). 
In  oak  and  beech  woods  near  Bargers  Spring,  Summers 
County,  altitude  1,550  feet,  July  13,  1900  (Morris,  980). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  245 

ARISTOLOCHIA  L. 

A.    Serpentaria  L.     Virginia   Snakeroot. 

Rich  woods.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Randolph : 
near  Ford's  and  on  Point  Mountain.  Gilmer :  near  Glen- 
ville  (Broivn).  Grant:  near  Bayard.  Tucker:  near  Davis. 
Mineral:  near  Keyser  (IVortman).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Nuttall).     Wetzel:  near  Burton   {Mertz,  2328). 

A.  MACROPHYLLA  Lam.  Dutchman's  Pipe.  {A.  Sipho  L'  Her.), 
Rich  woods,  frequent  throughout  the  State.  Abundant 
in  the  following  localities.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountaiu 
(Millspaugh).  Webster:  Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  Smith, 
1705).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Up- 
shur: near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Pocahontas:  valley  of 
the  East  Fork  of  Greenbrier  River  (Greennian,  204).  Grant : 
near  Bayard.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Map el,  Brozvn).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Mercer:  Ingleside.  Wirt: 
near  Burning  Springs  {Mertz,  2329). 

POLYGONACEAE. 

ERIOGONUAI  Michx. 
E.  Alleni,  Watson,  in  A.  Gray,  Man.  Ed.  6,  734  (1890). 

Perennial,  white  tomentose  throughout,  the  tall  scape-like 
stem  repeatedly  dichotomous  above ;  radical  leaves  lanceolate, 
long-petiolate,  the  upper  in  whorls  of  4  or  5,  ovate  to  ovate- 
oblong,  very  shortly  petiolate,  much  reduced  above ;  invo- 
lucres mostly  sessile ;  flowers  glabrous,  yellow,  the  segments 
elliptical.  Near  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Greenbrier  Co. 
{Allen,  Britton,  Small,  Mackenzie). 

RUMEX  L. 
R.  Brittanica  L.     Water  Dock. 

Wet  places.  Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Island  {Meriz  &  Gutten' 
berg).     Berkeley,   near   Martinsburg. 

R.  CRispus  L.     Curled  Dock. 

Waste  places  and  cultivated  fields.     Frequent. 
R,  OBTUsiFOLius  L.     Bitter  Dock. 

Waste  grounds  and  cultivated  fields,  common. 
R.  CRispus  X  OBTUSIFOLIUS.     Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va..  433. 

Waste  places.     Monongalia :  streets  of  Morgantown. 
R.  sanguineus  L.     Bloody  Dock. 

Damp  places  in  waste  grounds.  Berkeley :  near  [Martins- 
burg. 

R.  CONGLOMERATUS  Murray. 

Shady  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 


246  THE    WEST    X'lKGINlA    FLORA 

R.  ACETOSELLA  L.    Horsc  Sorrel. 

Abundant    everywhere ;    even    along    paths    in    the    d^ii'^f 
spruce  forests  of  the  higher  mountains. 

FAGOPYRUM  Gsertn. 

F.  Fagopvrum  (L.)  Karst.  Buckwheat.  (F.  esciilcntuni  Moench.) 
Waste  grounds  and  cultivated  fields.     A  frequent  escape 

POLYGONUM  L. 
P.  ORiENTALE  L.     Priucc's  Feather. 

Escaped  to  waste  places.     Lewis :  near  Weston.     Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  rare 
{Nuttall).     Mineral:  near  Piedmont. 
P.  Pennsylvanicum  L. 

Low   grounds.     Common  throughout  the   State. 
P.  Persicaria  L.     Lady's  Thumb. 

Waste  grounds.  Lewis :  near  Weston.  Gilmer :  iiear 
Glenville  \Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (NiiftaH). 
Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Wood :  near  Parkersburg. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gajiiblc).  Randolph:  near  Pickens 
(H.  H.  Smith,  1440). 
Fonna  albiflora.  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va..  432. 

A  pure  white-flowered  form  abundant   near  Point  Pleas- 
ant. 
P.  Hydropiper  L.     Smartweed.     Water  Pepper. 

Wet  grounds.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Gilmer  : 
near  Glenville  (Mapel).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all).    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mcrts  &  Guttcnbcrg.) 
P.  punctatum  Ell.  {P.  acre  N.  B.  K.) 

Wet  places.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
P.  HYDROPiPEROiDES  Michx.     Mild  Water-pepper, 

Swampy  places.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

P.    ViRGINIANUM    L. 

Thickets  and  in  rich  soils.     Common  throughout  the  State 
P.  AVicuLARE  L.     Door-weed.     "Goose-grass." 

About  dwellings  and  roadsides.     Common  throughout  the 
State. 

P.    ERECTUM    L. 

With  the  last,  especially  in  streets. 
P.  TENUE  Michx. 

Dry  pastures.     Wood :  near   Kanawha   Station.     Monon- 
galia:  near  Morgantown.     Taylor:  near  Grafton,  and  com- 
mon throughout  the  State. 
P.  ciLiNODE  Michx. 

Pendleton;   in   rockv  places  on   Spruce   Knob    (Grccnman 
346). 


WEST    \IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  247 

I'    SAGiTTATUM  L.     Tear-thuiiib. 

Wet  places.    Common  throughout  the  State. 

P.   ARIFOLIUM    L. 

Low  grounds.     Berkeley  :  near  Alartinsburg.  Monongalia  : 
near  Morgantown,   and  elsewhere  frequent. 
P.  Convolvulus  L.     Black  Bindweed. 

Gardens   and   waste   places.        Fayette :   near   Nuttallburg 
(Niittall).     Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant. 
P.  CRiSTATUM  Engelm.  &  Gray. 

Along  the  Guyandot  River  below  Baileysville,  Wyoming 
County,  altitude  1,100-1,250  feet,  August  19,  1900  (Morris, 
1255).    Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
P.  SCANDEXS  L.     Climbing  False  Buckwheat. 
Low  grounds  along  streams,  common. 

C  H  E  N  O  P  O  D  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

CHENOPODIUM,  L. 

C.  ALBUM  L.     Lamb's  Quarters.     Pigweed. 

Roadsides  and  waste  places,  common  throughout  the  State. 
Var.  viRiDE  (L.)  Moc^. 

Dry  sandy  hillsides.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000 
feet,  uncommon    (N^uttall). 

C.   IIYBRIDU:\I   L. 

Dry  sandy  hillsides.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  appar- 
ently indigenous  (A'utfall).     Jefferson:  near  Shepherdstown. 

C.   MURALE  L. 

Plentiful  along  the  cool  northward  bases  of  walls  in  the 
town  of  Harper's  Ferry,  Jefferson  County   (Greene). 

C.   URBICUM    L. 

Waste  places,  frequent. 

C.   GLAUCUM    L. 

Waste  places.     Monongalia  :  near  Ice's  Ferry. 
C.  BoTRYS  L.     Jerusalem  Oak. 

Ohio  :  near  WHieeling.     Jefferson  :  Shepherdstown. 

C.  AMBROSioiDES  L.     Mexican  Tea. 

Waste  places.  Common.  Kanawha:  along  Great  Kan^ 
awha  River.  Taylor :  near  Grafton.  Wood :  near  Parkers- 
burg. 

C.  AXTHELMiNTicuM  L.     Wormsecd. 

Plentiful  along  the  Great  Kanawha  River.  In  Kanawha, 
Putnam  and  Mason  counties.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(XntfaU).     Jackson:  along  C.  &  P.  pike. 


248  THE    WliST    \1RGINIA    FLORA 

SALSOLA  Linn. 
S.  Tragus  Linn.     Rnssian  Thistle. 

Monongalia :  a  few  plants  of  this  species  appeared  in  an 
alfalfa  field,  in  1904,  near  Alorgantown   (Sheldon,  685). 

A  M  A  R  A  N  T  H  A  C  E  A  E. 

AMARANTHUS,  L. 

A.  HYBRIDUS  L.  Red  Amaranth  (A.  hypochondriaciis  L.). 

Waste  places.     Ohio:   on   Bogg's  Island    (Merta  &  Gut- 

tenbcrg).     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown.     Fayette:  neai 

Nuttallburg,   common    {Niittall).     Hardy:   near   Moorefield 

{Gamble). 

A.    PANICULATUS  L. 

Waste  places.  IMonongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Hardy : 
near  Moorefield   {Gamble). 

A.   RETROFLEXUS   L.       PigWCCd. 

Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Island  {Mertz  &  Guttenbcyg).     Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown. 
A.  GRAEcizANS  L.     Tumblc-wecd.  {A.  albits  L.). 

Waste  places.     Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
A.  SPiNOSUS  L.     Thorny  Amaranth. 

Waste  grounds.  Kanawha :  near  Charleston.  Putnam : 
near  Buffalo.  Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Wood :  near 
Parkersburg,  abundant.     Jefferson  :  near  Shepherdstown. 

PHYTOLACCACEAE. 

PHYTOLACCA,  L. 
P.  DECANDRA  L.     Poke.     Scokc.    Garget. 

All  situations,  even  on  the  higher  mountains.  Common 
throughout  the  State. 

AIZOACEAE. 

MOLLUGO,  L. 
M.  vERTiciFLATA  L.     Carpet-wecd. 

Waste  and  cultivated  grounds.  Monongalia :  hills  about 
Morgantown.  Marion  :  near  Fairmont.  Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg, sandy  banks  of  New  River  {Nuttall). 

PORTULACEAE. 

PORTULACA,  L. 
P.  OLERACEA  L.     Purslane.    "Pussley." 

A  weed  in  cultivated  grounds  and  gardens.  Common 
throughout  the  State. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  249 

CLAYTONIA,  L. 
C.   ViRGiNiCA   L.     Spring  Beauty. 

Common  throughout  the  northern  parts  of  the  State,  in 
rich  open  woods  and  along  spring  runs.     Gihiier :  near  Glen- 
ville  {Mapel;  Brown).    Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 
C.  Caroliniana  Michx. 

Frequent  with  the  former  species.  Marion,  Preston^ 
Wood,  Wirt,  Calhoun,  Gilmer,  Lewis,  Upshur  and  Randolph 
counties.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A'uttall).  Ohio:  near 
Wheeling  (Merts,  355). 

CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 

AGROSTEMMA  L. 
A.  GiTJiAGG  L.     Corn  Cockle.  {Lychnis  Githago  Scop). 

A  frequent  weed  in  wheat  fields  throughout  the  State. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  in  shady  places  {Nuttall). 

SILENE  L. 

S.  STELLATA    (L.),  Ait.     Starry  Campion. 

Wooded  banks,  frequent.  Wood,  Wirt,  Calhoun,  Gilmer, 
Lewis,  and  Upshur,  common.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta ; 
near  Aurora  {Mr.  and  Mrs.  Steele).  Summers:  near 
Hinton.  Greenbrier  :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gam- 
ble). 
S.  ViRGiNiCA  L.     Fire  Pink.     Catchfly. 

Open  woods.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  {Barnes). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  very  common  {Nuttall).  Mer- 
cer :  near  Bluefield.  Monongalia :  permian  formations  at 
Cassville,  growing  on  a  low  roadside  bank,  fully  exposed 
to  the  sun,  but  well  supplied  with  root  moisture  {Morris). 
S.  ALBA  Muhl.  {S.  nivea  Otth.). 

Wooded  banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 
S.  Caroliniana  Walt.    Wild  Pink.     {S.  Pcnnsyhanica,  Michx.) 
Open  woods.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Mineral : 
near  Keyser  {Workman).     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel). 
Hampshire :  Doe's  Gully.     Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Moun- 
tain, alt.  3.300  ft.    {Small;   Eggleston,  4355). 
S.  antirrhina  L.     Sleepy  Catchfly. 

Dry  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Pres- 
ton:  {Pollock). 

SAPONARIA  L. 
S.  OFFICINALIS  L.     Soap-wort.     Bouncing  Bet. 

Becoming  a  very  common  weed  along  roadsides  through- 


250  Tin-:    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

out  the  more  settled  portions  of  the  State.  In  especially 
large  areas  along  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  and  Shenandoah  X'allev 
R.  R.,  in  Jefferson  Co.  Calhoun:  Grantsville.  Gilmer: 
Glenville  (Mapcl).  Webster:  near  Pugh  ( //.  H.  Smith, 
1668).  Berkeley:  Martinsburg.  Summers:  near  Hinton. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).  Hardy:  near  Aloore- 
field  {Gamble).     ^Monongalia  :  near  Lock  9. 

VACCARIA  ^ledic. 
V.  Vaccaria  (L.)  Britton. 

Established  in  waste  ground  at  Seebert.  Pocahontas 
County  (A.  B.  Brooks).  Monongalia:  near  Alorgantown 
(Sheldon,  3594). 

« 

DIANTHUS  L. 

D.  Armeria   L.     Deptford   Pink. 

Fields,  roadsides,  and  river  banks.  Clarion  :  near  Catawba 
(iv.  D.  JVolker).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg,  rare  {Nnttall)  ;  near  Kanawha  Fall>. 
{James).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Jefferson:  at  Harper'? 
Ferry  {Merta  &  Guttenberg). 

ALSINE  L.   (1753  ante). 
(Stellaria  L.  1753  post.) 
A.  media  L.     Chickweed. 

Damp  places,  common  everywhere.    Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg, blooms  all  winter  {Nnttall). 
A.  Tennesseensis  (Mohr)  Small. 

Woods  and  thickets.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz). 
A.  PUBERA  (Michx.)  Britton.     Great  Chickweed. 

Shady  places,  common.     Monongalia,  Marion  and  Preston 
counties.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   {Mapel).     Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg     {Nnttall).      Mercer:    near    Bluefield     {Mills- 
paiigh).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  {Pollock). 
A.  LONGiFOLiA  (Muhl.)   Britton.    Long-leaved  Stitchwort. 
Damp  soils.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 

CERASTIUM  L. 

C.  vuLGATUM  L.    Large  Mouse-ear  Chickweed. 

Waste  ground  and  fields.  Ohio :  Cowan's  Hill,  near 
Wheeling  (Mcrtz  &  Gnttcnberg).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville 
(Mapel).  Wood:  near  Waverly  and  elsewhere,  becoming 
frequent.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).  Randolph: 
near  Pickens '(//.  //.  Smith.   1386).' 


WEST    \IRG1XIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  25I 

C.  viscosu.M  L.     Mouse-ear  Chickweed. 

Fields.     Ohio:   Cowan's   Hill,   near  Wheeling-    {Mertz  & 
Giiltcnbcrg).     Fayette:  near  Nnttallburg  {Xtittall).     Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
C.  ARVENSE  L.     Field  Chickweed. 

Dry  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
C.  LONGEPEDUNCULATUM  Muhl.      Star  Chickweed.      (C.  nutans 
Raf.).     Woods:  near  streamlets;  common  in  Monongalia 
and  Marion  counties. 

SAGINA  Linn. 

S.  PROCUMBENS  Linn. 

In  moist  places.  Monongalia:  near  :\Iorgantown  (Shcl- 
don,  4291). 

ARENARL\  L. 
A.  SERPVLLiFOLLv  L.     Thvmc-leaved  Sandwort. 

Sandy  banks.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes). 
Hardy:  near  ^loorefield    {Gamble). 

SPERGULA  L. 
S.  ARVExsis  L.     Field  Spurry. 

Fields.  Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Mertz  &  Gut- 
tenbcrg):  near  Terra  Alta  (Millsl^aiigh)  :  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 

PARONYCHIA  Adans. 
P.  incHOTOMA   (L.)    Nutt.     Whitlow-wort. 

Rocky  places.     Jeiterson :   near   Harper's   Ferry    (Gray). 

AXYCHIA  Michx. 
A.  Candensis  (L.),,  B.  S.  P.  (A.  capiUacea,  D.  C.) 

Dry  Woods.  Favette :  near  Nuttallburg  common  (Nntt- 
all). 

A.  POLYGONOiDES  Raf.  ( Aiiycliia  diclwtoma,  Michx.). 

This  species  first  appeared  in  this  locality  in  1895,  at  the 
bottom  of  a  newly  excavated  railroad  cut.  Had  the  seeds 
been  buried  and  dormant?  (Nnttall,  1837).  Morris  says: 
"I  should  say,  no.  This  species  w^as  common  with  and  near- 
ly as  abundant  as  the  next  throughout  the  above  mentioned 
counties.  It  is  probable  that  the  newly  excavated  cut  proved, 
perhaps  unusually  suitable  for  the  germination  of  scatter- 
ing seeds." 

A.    DIVARICATA   Raf. 

\^■yoming:  near   Baileysville   (Morris   125  pt.). 


25-2  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

N  Y  M  P  H  A  E  A  C  E  A  E. 

CASTALIA  Salisb. 
C.  CDORATA    (Dryand),  Woodv.  &   Wood.     White  Water  Lily. 
Nymphaea  odorata.  Ait. 

In  slack  waters.     Preston :  near  Pennsylvania  line,  rare. 

NYMPHAEA  L. 

N.  ADVENA  Soland.    Yellow  Pond  Lily. 

In  slack  waters.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta.  Wood : 
Wirt :  Calhoun  and  Gilmer :  along  the  Little  Kanawha 
River.  Upshur :  near  Lorentz.  Morgan :  along  the  Little 
Cacapon.  Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.  Hardy  :  near  Moorefield. 
Pocahontas:  Marlinton   (Kellerman). 

M  A  G  N  O  L  I  A  C  E  A  E. 

MAGNOLIA  L. 
M.  ACUMINTA  L.     Cucumber  Tree,  'Yellow  Lin." 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  River, 
especially  near  Little  Falls,  Opekiska,  and  Montana.  Wirt : 
along  Little  Kanawha  River.  Randolph  :  on  Point  Moun- 
tain, alt.  2335-3700  ft.  Webster:  along  Buffalo  Bull  Moun- 
tains. Nicholas :  at  Beaver  Mills,  and  Collett's  Glade. 
Jackson  :  near  Sandyville.  Mineral :  near  Keyset .  Preston : 
along  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  Randolph :  on  Cheat  Mountain,  alt. 
2800  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Monroe:  near 
Alderson.  Summers :  near  Greenbrier  Stock  Yards ;  near 
Hinton.  Kanawha  :  near  Handley.  Harrison  :  near  Shinns- 
ton  and  Lumberport.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
M.  TRiPETALA  L.     Umbrella  tree.  {M.   Umbrella,  Lam.). 

Rich  woods  near  streams.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs. 
Randolph:  on  Point  Mountain,  alt.  2800  ft.  (Millspaugh)  ; 
near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith,  1944).  Kanawha  :  near  Charles- 
ton {Barnes;  James).  Nicholas:  near  Beaver  Mills,  alt. 
2125  ft,  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Monongalia: 
Little  Falls.  Summers :  near  Hinton.  Harrison :  near 
Shinnston  and  Lumberport.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  rare 
{Nuttall).  Hardy  :  near  Moorefield.  McDowell :  near  Elk- 
horn.     Mercer :  Bluestone  Junction  and  Ingleside. 

"This  species  forms  a  very  conspicuous  part  of  the  forests 
along  Dry  Fork  and  Crane  Creek  in  McDowell  County,  and 
along  the  Guyandot  River  in  Wyoming  county.  A  great 
many  young  trees  are  now  filling  the  places  made  vacant  by 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  253 

.the  cutting-  of  a  few  selected  trees  of  other  species.  It  is 
noticeable  that  until  these  trees  reach  the  age  of  flowering 
and  thereafter  there  is  none  of  the  characteristic  umbrella- 
like clustering-  of  the  leaves  on  the  axis  of  the  season  but 
they  are  strongly  alternate  and  distant.  This  character  con- 
fuses the  species  with  Magnolia  acuminata  in  the  young 
large-leaved  stage,  unless  the  smoothness  or  pubescence  of 
the  leaf-buds  be  noted"  (Morris).  In  Webster  county,  at 
Hacker  Valley,  this  species  is  replacing  "yellow  poplar" 
where  that  timber  has  been  removed  (H.  H.' Smith). 
M.  Fraseri  Walt.     Ear-leaved  Magnolia. 

Leaves  oblong-obovate  or  spatulate,  auriculate  at  the  base, 
glabrous,  8  to  20  in.  long ;  petals  obovate-spatulate,  with  nar- 
row claws,  4  in.  long.  Rower  more  graceful  and  cone  of 
fruit  smaller  than  in  the  preceding  species. 

Type  locality  doubtless  in  the  Alleghanies  of  West  Vir- 
ginia, where  it  is  abundant  and  in  typical  form. 

Pocahontas :  valley  of  the  East  Fork  of  Greenbrier  River 
(Greenman,  192).  Deep  rich  mountain  woods.  Randolph: 
on  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3700  ft.  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Pickens 
(//.  H.  Smith,  1945).  Webster:  on  Buffalo  Bull  Moun- 
tain, alt.  3400  ft.  Nicholas:  near  Beaver  Mills,  alt.  2125 
ft.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Summers:  near 
Hinton.     AIcDowell :  near  Elkhorn.     Mercer :  Bluestone  Jc. 

LIRIODENDRON  L. 

L.  Tulipifera  L.    Tulip  Tree,  "White,  Yellowy,  or  Hickory  Pop- 
lar." 

Common  in  rich  woods  throughout  the  State.  Magnifi- 
cent trees  in  Randolph,  Pocahontas,  Greenbrier,  Webster, 
Nicholas,  and  Preston  counties.  Summers :  near  Hinton. 
Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls;  near  Nuttallburg,  common 
.(Xuttall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Mercer: 
near  Ingleside. 

A  N  O  N  A  C  E  A  E. 

ASIMINA  Adans. 
A.  triloba   (L.),  Dunal.     Papaw. 

Rich  soil  near  streams,  common.  Wood :  near  Kanawha 
Station  ( Mills  pan  gh)  ;  near  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Kana- 
wha (Michaux).  Wirt:  along  Straight  Creek  Webster: 
Buffalo  Bull  IMountains,  alt.  2100  ft.  Nicholas:  along  Peter 
Creek.  Fayette:  along  Gauley  River.  Kanawha,  Putnam 
and  Mason  :  along  the  Great  Kanawha.     Gilmer :  near  Glen- 


254  '^"ilE    WEST    \[K(;iXlA    J'LORA 

ville  {Mallei).  Greenbrier:  near  Ronceverte.'  Sumn;ers : 
near  Hinton  Marion :  near  Worthington,  Fairmont  and 
Montana.  Monongalia  :  general.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg, 
common  (Ahittall).  Morgan:  near  Cacapon.  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield.  Mercer  :  near  Ingleside.  Randolph  :  near  Pick- 
ens (H.  H.  Sjiiith,  1475). 

R  A  N  U  N  C  U  L  A  C  E  A  E. 

HYDRASTIS,  Ellis. 
H.  Canadensis  L.  Yellow  Root,  Yellow  Puccoon,  Golden  Seal. 
Deep  rich  woods.  Jackson :  near  Ripley.  Wirt :  near 
Burning  Springs.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Upshur :  summit 
on  Staunton  pike.  Lewis  :  along  Leading  Creek.  Calhoun : 
along  Laurel  Run.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel ;  JSrozcn). 
Monongalia  :  along  Cheat  River. 

CALTHA  L. 
C.  PALusTRis,  L.     jMarsh  Marigold. 

Two  stations  only  known  to  me  :  Grant :  in  a  spring  run 
in  deep  woods  near  Bayard,  about  fifty  plants  within  an 
area  of  one  hundred  feet.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta. 

HELLEBORUS  L. 
H.  viRiDis  L.     Green  Hellebore. 

Hardy:  near  ^loorefield  (Gaiiiblc).  It  was  from  speci- 
mens sent  to  Dr.  Gray  from  this  station  by  Dr.  Gamble,  that 
the  location  "W.  Va."  was  credited  in  the  Manual. 

COPTIS  Salisb. 
C.  TRIPOLI  A    (L.),  Salisb.     Gold  Thread.     {Isopynnn   trifolium, 
Britton). 

Deep,  rich  mountain  woods.  Preston  :  near  Mill  Run  and 
Cranesville. 

XANTHORRHIZA   L'  Her. 
X.  ApiiFOLiA  L'  Her.     Shrub  Yellow  Root. 

Rich  rocky  mountain  woods.  Nicholas  :  on  ?\Iumble-the- 
Peg  Creek,  plentiful.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  common 
(Nuttall).  Upshur:  {Pollock).  Barbour:  on  river  bank 
near  Tygart  Junction   (Grcciiiiiaii,  184). 

ACTAEA  L. 
A.  RUBRA  (Ait.),  Willd.    Red  Baneberry.    (A.  spicata  rubra  A'lt.). 
Rich  woods,  infrequent.     Randolph:  on  Point  Mountain. 
Grant :  near  Bavard.     Tucker  :  near  Davis. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  255 

A.  ALBA  (L.)  Mill.    White  Baneberry. 

Rich  woods.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain.  Tucker : 
near  Davis.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Niittall).    Preston  :  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

CIMICIFUGA  L. 
C.  Americana  Michx.     American  Bug-bane. 

Plentiful  throughout  the  mountain  regions  of  Mineral, 
Hampshire,  Grant  and  Tucker  counties.  Hardy :  near  Moore- 
field  ;  Randolph,  Pendleton,  Webster,  Pocahontas  and  Green- 
brier counties.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Mc- 
Dowell: near  Elkhorn.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

C.  racemosa  (L.),  Nutt.     Rattle-weed,  Black  Cohosh. 

Rich  opens  and  clearings.  Wood :  near  Leachtown. 
Lewis :  along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Randolph :  near  Valley 
Bend ;  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3300  ft.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull 
Mountains.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs  Steele).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall)  and  frequent  throughout  the  State. 

AQUILEGIA  L. 
A.  Canadensis  L.     Wild  Columbine. 

Damp,  rocky  places.  Mineral :  along  Knobby  mountains. 
Monongalia :  along  Cheat  River.  Calhoun :  along  Little 
Kanawha  River.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Brozvn). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Hampshire:  near 
Does  Gully.     Hardy  :  near  Moorefield. 

A  small  form  6  to  8  inches  high,  with  small  leaves  and 
flowers.     Mercer :  near  Beaver  Spr. 

DELIPHINIUM  L. 

D.  tricorne  Michx.     Dwarf  Larkspur. 

Dry  woods.  Monongalia :  along  Cheat  and  Alononga- 
hela  Rivers.  Marion:  along  the  Monongahela.  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Broziii).  Frequent  throughout  the 
northern  part  of  the  State.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). Lewis:  (Pollock). 
Forma  aluiflora  IMillsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  322. 

Monongalia :    prevalent    near    Stumptown.      The    flowers 
are  pure  white  with  no  tinge  of  blue. 
D.  AjAcis  Linn.     Larkspur. 

Escaped  and  thoroughly  established  near  Wheelers,  Web- 
ster County  (H.  H.  S}uith.  1652).  Monongalia:  near  Mor- 
gantown   (Slniuk). 


256  THE    WEST    \IRGINIA    FLORA 

D.  CoNSOLiDA  L.     Field  Larkspur. 

Frequent  in  old  fields  and  along-  roadsides.  Lewis :  along 
Stone  Coal  Creek.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Up- 
shur :  near  Buckhannon.  Randolph :  near  Beverly.  Kana- 
wha:  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James). 

ACONITUM  L. 
A.  uxciNATUM  L.     Wild  Monk's  Hood. 

Deep,  rich  woods  along  streams.     Randolph :  along  Cheat 
River  near  Cheat  Bridge.     Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden. 
Fayette:  along  New  River  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall). 
A.  RECLiNATUM  A.  Gray. 

Woodlands.  Randolph  :  on  Cheat  Mountain  (Gra^)).  Pen- 
dleton :  in  a  damp  depression  on  Spruce  Knob ;  and  Poca- 
hontas :  on  the  Greenbrier  River,  "in  neither  place  did  the 
plants  appear  to  have  the  least  tendency  to  trail :  they  were 
strictly  erect  (A.  B.  Brooks). 

ANEMONE  L. 
A.  CYLiNDRiCA  Gray.     Long-fruited  Anemone. 

Dry  Woodlands.    Wood  :  near  Leachtown.    Jackson  :  near 
Sandyville.     Rare. 
A.  ViRGiNiANA  L.     Thimble-weed. 

Open  woods  and  meadows.  Upshur :  near  Buckhannon 
{Mills pail gh,  Pollock).  Monongalia:  along  the  Mononga- 
hela  River.  Webster:  near  Hacker  Valley  (//.  H.  Smith, 
1649).  Randolph:  Rich  Mountains,  alt.  1825  ft.  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg,  where  it  grows  as  tall  as  4  ft.  (Nuttall). 
Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
A.  Canadensis  L.  Pennsylvania  Anemone.  (A.  Pennsyha- 
nica,  L.). 

Rich  woods,  rare.     Calhoun  :  along  Laurel  Run.     Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
A.  QUiNOUEFOLiA  L.     Wind-flowcr.     Wood  Anemone.       A.  ne- 
morsa,  L.). 

Margins  of  rich  woods  and  opens.    Calhoun  :  along  Laurel 
Run.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).    Fayette:  near  Nutt- 
'       allburg  (Nuttall).     And  general  throughout  the  State. 

A.    TRIFOLIA   L. 

Rich  woods.  Mercer :  near  Ingieside.  McDowell :  near 
Elkhorn.  Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden.  Greenbrier :  in 
a  dry  ravine  at  White  Sulphur  Springs,  alt.  about  2,300  ft. 
(Heller). 

The  altitude  of  the  first  two  stations  in  the  southern  part 
of  the  State  is  from  2,200-2,350  ft. ;  these  localities  are  along 


WEST    \"IRGIXIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  257 

the  same  range  of  mountains  as  the  original  station  of  Canby 
in  \'irginia.  The  ]\lonongaHa  station  in  the  extreme  north- 
ern part  of  the  State  has  an  akitude  of  about  850  ft.  and  is 
near  Knipes'  Pennsylvania  station.  Though  I  have  not  as 
yet  found  the  species  at  any  point  through  the  State  that 
would  connect  these  distant  localities,  yet  I  fully  believe  that 
many  will  be  found  in  the  future. 

HEPATICA  Scop. 
H.  Hepatica  (L.).,  Karst.    Hepatica.     Liver-leaf. 

Rocky  or  rich  woods.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  {Gamble),  fiercer:  near  Bluefield.  ^lononga- 
lia  :  along  Decker's  Creek.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  where 
it  often  grows  in  clefts  in  rocks  (XiittaH).  And  frequent 
throughout  the  northern  portions  of  the  State. 
H.  ACUTA   (Pursh.)    Britt. 

Rich  woods.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Brown). 
Greenbrier :  near  \\'hite  Sulphur  Springs.  Monongalia : 
near  Cheat  \'iew.  McDowell:  near  Elkhorn.  Mercer:  Blue- 
stone  Jc.  Throughout  the  State,  especially  eastward  in  the 
mountains.     ]\lore  frequent  than  the  preceding. 

SYNDESMON  Hoft'm'g. 

S.  thalictroides  (L.)  Hoffm'g.      Rue  Anemone.     (Tlialicfrinn 
anemonoidcs,  ]\Iichx.). 

Woods  and  hillsides.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xuttall).  Monongalia:  near 
Uffington  and  Morgantown.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gam- 
ble), fiercer:  near  Beaver  Spr.  Frequent  throughout  the 
State. 

Forma  rosea  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  \a.,  319. 

A  beautiful  rose  colored  clump  of  the  species  has  per- 
sisted for  two  years  in  ^Monongalia  at  Little  Falls  near  the 
Cascade. 

CLEMATIS  L. 
C.  ViRGiNiANA     L.     A'irgin's  Bower. 

River  banks,  fence  rows,  etc.,  ^Monongalia :  Marion:  Pres- 
ton: Wood.  Webster:  Long  Glade  (Millspangh)  ;  near 
Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  Smith,  1648).  Gilmer:  Glenville 
(Mapel).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Sum- 
mers: near  Hinton,  Kanawha:  near  Charleston.  Fayette: 
near  Xuttallburg  (A'uttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).  Tucker:  in  a  thicket  near  Parsons  (Green- 
man,  190). 


25^"  THli    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.   V'lORNA  L.     Leather  Flower. 

Thickets  in  rich  soil.     Monongalia:  Little  Falls.     Marion: 
V^alley   Falls    {K.  D.   Walker).     Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg 
(Nitttall).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 
C.  ovATA  Pursh. 

Greenbrier  Co. :  in  rocky  soil  high  up  on  Kate's  Mountain, 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs  {N.  L.  Britton;  Mackenzie; 
Small;  Heller  842). 

ATRAGENE  L. 
A.  Americana  Sims.  {Clematis  verticillaris  DC). 

Rocky  woods.     Monongalia  :  near  Cheat  View. 

TRAUTVETTERIA  F.  &  M. 

T.  Carolinensis  (Walt.)  Vail.   False  Bug-bane.    (T.  paliiiata  F. 
&M.)._ 

Plentiful  along  the  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat,  about  one 
mile  below  Davis  in  Tucker  county.  Fayette :  near  Hawk's 
Nest;  and  Loup  Creek  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg,  common 
(Niittall)  ;  near  Quinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon  26).  Pres- 
ton :  (Pollock). 

RANUNCULUS  L. 
R.  OBTUSiuscuLUS  Raf.    Water  Plantain  Spear  Wort   (R.  ambi- 
geiis  Wats.). 

One  station  only ;  Upshur :  in  a  marshv  spot  near  Lorentz 
(Millspaugh;  Pollock). 
R.  ABORTivus  L.     Small-flowered  Crowfoot. 

Damp,  shady  places,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
R.  scELERATUS  L.     Cursed  Crowfoot. 

Moist  places,  common  throughout  the  State. 
R.  micranthus  Nutt. 

In    rich    woods.       Monongalia :    near    Seneca     (Sheldon 
4270). 
R.  Alleghaniensis  Britton. 

Mountain  woods.     Pocahontas:  near  Spruce  Knob  (A.  B 
Brooks). 
R.  HispiDUS  Michx. 

Dry  woodlands  and  thickets.    Greenbrier :  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs  (Egglesion,  4360). 
R.  RECURVATUS  Poir.     Hooked  Crowfoot. 

Rich,  open  woods.  Abundant  along  the  Monongahela 
River  in  L^pshur,  Barbour,  Taylor,  Marion,  and  Monongalia 
counties.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  not  common  (Nnttall). 
Hampshire:  near  Romney  (Millspaugh,  1568).  Mercer: 
near  Simmons. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  259 

R.  FAscicuLARis  Muhl.     Early  Crowfoot, 

Dry  or  moist  grassy  hillsides.     Monongalia :  near   ^lor- 
gantown.      Mineral:    near    Keyser    {Workman).      Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  {Mapcl).    Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 
R.  SEPTENTRiONALis  Poir.    Buttercup. 

Moist,  shady  places.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nnitall), 
and  general  throughout  the  State. 
R.  Pennsylvanicus  L.  f.     Pennsylvania  Buttercup. 

Damp  woods.    Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the  Monon- 
gahela  River. 
R.  repens  L.     Creeping  Crowfoot. 

Low  grounds.  Mineral :  Banks  of  the  Potomac  near 
Keyser.    Jefferson :  near  Shenandale  Springs. 

R.  BULBOSUS  Linn. 

Fields  and  roadsides.    Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  {A. 
B.  Brooks). 
R.  ACRis  L.     Tall  Buttercups. 

Waste  places  infrequent.  Wood  :  near  Parkersburg,  Jef- 
ferson :  near  Shenandoah  Junction.  Randolph :  in  clearings 
on  Cheat  Mountain,  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,350  ft. ;  near 
Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith,  1388).  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta 
Workman).     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   {Mapel). 

THALICTRUM  L. 

T.    DIOICUM    L. 

Rocky  woods  :  frequent  throughout  the  State.     Especially 
noticeable  in  the  Alleghanies. 
T.  POLYGAMUM  ]\Iuhl.     Common  Meadow  Rue. 

Damp  meadows  and  near  streams  and  ditches.  Randolph : 
rich  growths  in  the  bottoms  along  Tygart's  Valley  River 
Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  {James);  near  Nuttallburg, 
alt.  2,000  ft.  {Nnttall).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville.  Frequent 
throughout  the  State. 
T.  PURPURASCENS  L.     PurpHsh  Meadow  Rue. 

Dry,  open  woods  and  rocky  hillsides.  Wirt :  near  Eliza- 
beth ;  near  Burning  Springs.  Webster :  near  Copper  Glade. 
Randolph:  along  Tygart's  Valley  River,  alt.  2,100  ft.  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 

T.    CLAVATUM  DC. 

Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  in  sandy  clefts  of  rocks  around 
waterfall,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  one  station  (Nuttall). 


26o  THE    WRST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

B  E  R  B  E  R  I  D  A  C  E  A  E. 

BERBERIS  L. 
B.  Canadensis  Mill.     Barberry. 

Fields  and  roadsides.  Mercer :  near  Beaver  Spring,  where 
it  partakes  of  the  nature  of  a  weed  {Millspaugh).  Sum- 
mers: near  Hinton  ( Egglcstoii,  5579).  Monroe:  along  In- 
dian Creek  (F.  E.  Brooks). 

B.  VULGARIS   L. 

Thickets  and  roadsides.  Monongalia  :  a  wide  escape  near 
Laurel  Point.     ]\Iercer:  a  wide  escape  near  Ingleside. 

CAULOPHYLLUM  Michx. 

C.  THALicTROiDEs  (L.)  Michx.     Blue  Cohosh. 

Deep,  rich  woods.  Randolph :  Rich  Mountains ;  Point 
Mountain,  alt.  3.300  ft.  Monongalia  :  along  the  Mononga- 
hela  River.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuftall).  Mercer:  near  Bluefield.  Fre- 
quent throughout  the  State. 

JEFFERSONIA  Barton. 
J.  DiPHYLLA  (L.)   Pers.     Twin-leaf. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown.  Marion: 
near  Glover's  Gap.  Wetzel :  near  Littleton.  Marshall : 
near  Glen  Easton.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel;  Brozvn). 
Cabell:  near  Huntington  (Sclby).  Lewis:  near  Lorentz 
Pollock). 

PODOPHYLLUM  L. 
P.  PELTATUM  L.     May  Apple.    Mandrake. 

Frequent  throughout  the  State,  in  some  rich  spots  very 
abundant.  Randolph:  Rich  Mountains,  alt.  1,610-2,125  ft.; 
Point  ^Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(N'lttfall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Mercer: 
Bluestone  Jc. 

^I  E  N  I  S  P  E  R  M  A  C  E  A  E. 

MENISPERMUM  L. 
M.  Canadense  L.     Moonseed. 

Thickets.  Wirt :  along  Little  Kanawha  River.  Marion 
and  Monongalia:  along  the  r\lonongahela.  Greenbrier:  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  pistil- 
late plants,  rare  (Nut fall).  Randolph:  along  Tygarts  Valley 
River    near   Huttonsville.  (G'rrr/!;//a;/,    175)-      Hardy:   near 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  261 

Moorefield.      jMercer :   near    Princeton ;   and   frequent   along 
streams  throughout  the  State. 

C  A  L  Y  C  A  N  T  ii  A  C  E  A  E. 

BUTNERIA  Duham  (1755). 
{Calycanthiis,  L.  i/3q). 
B.  FLORIDA  (L.)  Kearney.    Allspice.     Sweet-scented  Shrub. 

Rich   woods.     Randolph :  near  Fords,  on   Staunton   Pike, 
thence  frequent  over  Rich  Mountains.     Webster  and  Nicho- 
las :  along  Buffalo  Bull  Ridge.     Fayette :  along  the  Gauley 
River  near  Gauley  Mountains.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
B.  FERTiLis  (Walt.)  Kearney  {B.  laevigatns  in  Flora). 

Rich  woods.  McDowell :  back  of  R.  R.  water  tank  neai 
Welsh. 

L  A  U  R  A  C  E  A  E. 

SASSAFRAS,  Nees  &  Eberm. 

S.  Sassafras  (L.)  Karst.  Sassafras.   {Sassafras  officinale  ^Qts.). 
Thickets  and  opens.     Abundant  throughout  the  State. 

BENZOIN  Fabric. 
B.  Benzoin    (L.)    Coulter.     Wild  Allspice.     Spice-bush.      {Lin 
dera  Benzoin  Blume). 

Low  woods.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

P  A  P  A  V  E  R  A  C  E  A  E. 

SANGUINARIA  L. 

S.  Canadensis  L.     Blood-root     "Coon-root." 

Rich  woods,  frequent.  Randolph  :  Point  Mountain.  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Jefferson  :  near  Flowing  Spring, 
and  Shenandale  Spring.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nnttall).  Hardy:  near  ]\Ioore- 
field  {Gamble).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 
{Egglestoii,  4340).     Throughout  the  State. 

STYLOPHORUM  Nutt. 
S.  DYPHLLUM   (]\lichx.)   Nutt.     Celandine  Poppy. 

Old  fields.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Giittenberg). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nnttall). 


262  THE    WEST    \IRGINIA    FLORA 

CHELIDONIUM  L. 

C.   MAjus  L.     Celandine. 

^^'aste  grounds,  near  dwellings.  ^Monongalia :  near 
Easton ;  near  Morgantown.  Jefferson :  near  Charlestown, 
abundant.  Lewis:  near  Weston.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield 
(Gamble).     Hampshire:  near  Romney. 

PAPAVER  L. 
P.  DUBiUM  L.     Smooth-fruited  Corn-poppy. 

Cultivated  grounds,  and  waste  fields.  Jeft'erson :  near 
Shenandoah  Jc. ;  near  Charlestown,  abundant.  Berkeley: 
near  Hedgesville,  a  weed. 

ADLUMIA  Raf. 

A.  FUNGOSA  (Ait.)  Greene. 

Monongalia:  climbing  over  rocks,  Tibb's  Run  (Mills- 
paugh).  Pendleton  :  top  of  Alleghany  Mountains  above  Hor- 
ton   (Greenman,  195). 

GLAUCIUM  Juss. 
G.  Glaucium  (L.)   Karst. 

Jefferson  :  near  Charlestown,  Shenandoah  Junction,  Spring 
Mill,  and  Milltown. 

BICUCULLA  Adans. 

B.  Cucullaria  (L.)  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  327.    Dutch- 

man's Breeches. 

Rich  woods.    Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown  ;  along  Cheat 
River.      Gilmer:    near    Glenville    (Mapel).      Hardy:    near 
Moorefield  {Gamble).    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Lewis:  (Pollock). 
B.  Canadensis  (Goldie)  Millsp.  ibid.     Squirrel  Corn. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  and  Marion  :  along  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.  Preston  :  along  Cheat  River.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nut fall). 

B.  ExiMiA  (Ker.)   Millsp.  ibid. 

Pocahontas :  summit  of  Spruce  Knob,  alt.  4,800  ft.  (Hop- 
kins). 

CAPNOIDES  Adans   (1763). 
(Neckeria,  Scop.  1777.) 

C.  SEMPERViRENS  (L.)  Bovck.    Pale  Corydalis.     (N.  glanca  (L.) 

Millsp.). 

On  rocks.  Randolph :  on  Lone  Sugar  Knob.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (.Mapel).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (A^iiff- 


WEST    \IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  263 

all).     Preston:  near  Aurora   (Air.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Poca- 
hontas :  {Pollock). 

C.  FLAVULUM    (Raf.)    Kuntze.      Yellow   Corydalis.     N.   Havula 
(Raf.)    Millsp. 

Rich  soils.  Common  throughout  the  northern  counties. 
Favette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Hardy:  near  Moore- 
field. 

C.  AUREUM    (Willd.')    Kuntze.      Golden   Corydalis.      (A^    aitrea, 
(VVilld.)  MillspO- 

Along  streams.  Hardy :  near  Moorefield  (Gfl;7!/?/c).  Ohio: 
near  Wheeling  {Mert:;^  125). 

FU MARIA  L. 
F.  OFFICINALIS  L.     Fumitory. 

Waste  places.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 

BRASSICACEAE. 
(Cruciferae.) 

LEPIDIUxM  L. 
L.  ViRGiNicuM  L.    Wild  Peppergrass. 

Fields  and  roadsides,  common  throughout  the  State. 
L.  CAMPESTRE  (L.),  R.  Br.    English  Peppergrass,  "Glenn-weed," 
"Glenn-pepper,"  "Crowd-weed." 

An  exceedingly  abundant  weed  in  Jefferson  and  Berkeley 
counties,  where  it  is  known  as  "Glenn-weed,"  it  being  first 
noticed  in  the  fields  of  Colonel  Glenn ;  who  tells  me  that  the 
weed  was  quite  plentiful,  however,  in  these  fields  before  he 
purchased  them,  having  been  brought  there  in  clover  seed 
bought  in  Hagerstown,  Md.,  and  sown  by  the  previous  owner 
of  the  farm.  The  weed  is  now  the  worst  pest  in  the  large 
wheat  fields  of  those  counties. 

SISYMBRIUM  L. 
S.  OFFICINALE  (L.),  Scop.     Hedge  Mustard. 

Roadsides  and  ditches,  too  common  throughout  the  State. 
S.  ALTissiMUM  Linn. 

Established  in  waste  grounds  at  Morgantown,  Monongalin 
County  {Sheldon,  3599). 

BRASSICA  L. 
B.   NIGRA  (L.)  Koch.     Black  Mustard. 

Fields  and  waste  places.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  much 
eaten  as  "greens"  in  spring  {Niittall).  A  common  weed 
throughout  the  State. 


264  Till-;     \Vi:ST    \' IRC. IMA     l-LORA 

B.  ARVENSis   (L.),   B.  S.   1'.     Charlock,  "Crowd-weed,"  "Kraut- 
weed."      {B.  Sinapistnmi  lioiss.)- 

A  miserable  weed  in  wheat  fields  in  Jefferson  and  Berkeley' 
counties.     Less  abundant  elsewhere  throughout  the  State. 

RAPHANUS  L. 
R.  SATixus  L.     Radish. 

Frequently  persistent  in  waste  grounds  and  cultivated 
fields,  in  many  parts  of  the  State. 

BARBAREA  R.  Br. 
B.  Barbarea  (L.)  MacM.    Yellow  Rocket.  (B.  vuh^aris  R.Br.). 
Becoming  a  weed  in  many  places  in  Jefferson :  Berkeley : 
Morgan:    Hardy:    near    Moorefield    (Gamble):    and    other 
counties. 
B.  PRAECOX  (Smith),  R.  Br.     Scurvy  Grass. 

Running  wild  near  Charlestown  in  Jefferson  ;  and  Lewis : 
near  Weston  ( Millspaiigh).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Rich- 
ardson). 

lODANTHUS  T.  &  G. 
L  piNNATiFiDUS  (Michx.)  Stcudel. 

Banks  of  the  Ohio  River.  Ohio:  near  Elm  Grove  (Cur- 
tis). 

RORIPA  Scop.  1760). 
(NastiirtiiiiiL  R.  Br.  1812.) 
R.  Nasturtium  (L.),  Rusbv.   Water  Cress.    (Nasturtiuui  offici- 
nale, R.  Br.). 

Cold  spring  runs,   frequent.     Jeft'erson  :  near  Shenandale 
Springs  ;  near  Flowing  Spring :     Lewis  :  on  Leading  Creek. 
Wirt :  near  Elizabeth. 
R.  SYLVESTRis  (L.),  Bcssey.     Yellow  Wood-cress.     (Xastnrtinni 
sylz'cstre,  R.  Br.). 

jNIoist  places  in  open  woods,  frequent.     Monongalia :  near 
Morgantown.     Preston  :  Cold  Spring.     Marion  :  near  Mon- 
tana.    Jefferson  :  near  Shenandale  Springs. 
R.  OBTUSA    (Nutt.)   Britton.  (Nastttrtiuni  ohtusum  Ntttt.). 

River  banks.     Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
R.  PALusTRis  (L.)  Bessey.    Marsh  Cress.     (Nasturtium  palustre. 
DC). 

Marshy  places  and  glades,  infrequent.  Webster:  near 
Welch  Glade.  Kanawha  :  near  Charleston.  Preston :  near 
Kingwood.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nnttall). 
Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant,  banks  of  the  Ohio.  Wood : 
near  Parkersburg. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  26^ 

R.  iiispiDA  (Desv.)  Britten.     (A',  pahistrc  var.  hispiaum,  Gray). 

Preston  :  near  Kingwood. 
R.  Armoracia   (L.)   Hitch.     Horseradish.     (Nastnriium  Arino- 
racia  Fries.). 

Escaped  from  cultivation  in  many  waste  places  and  fields. 
Marshall:  frequent  in  several  places  where  it  is  complained 
of  as  a  weed  difficult  to  eradicate.  Jefferson  :  near  Shenan- 
doah Junction. 

CARD  AMINE  L. 
C.  PARViFLORA  Linn. 

On  rocks.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown  (A.  B.  Brooks)  ; 
near  Uffington  {Sheldon,  1366). 
C.  HiRsuTA  L.     Small  Bitter  Cress. 

Wet  places.    Monongalia  :  Monongahela  River  below  Mor- 
gantown; above  Little  Falls.     Marion:   near  Catawba  and 
elsewhere.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Xnttall).    Randolph  : 
near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Suiith,  1406).  ' 
C.  BULBosA(Schreb.)B.S.P.  Spring  Cress.  (C.rhomboidea,  DC). 
Wet  meadows  and  springy  places.     Preston :  Cold  Spring. 
Monongalia  :  road  to  Cheat  River  beyond  Easton.     Wood : 
Kanawha    Station.       Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg,    common 
{Niittall).     Mercer:  near  Bluefield. 
C.  PURPUREA (Torr.)Britt.    (C.  rhomhoidea,  var.  purpurea,  Torr.). 
Damp    places.      Monongalia  :   near    Morgantown  '  (Mills- 
paugh).     Ohio:  in  a  spring  marsh  near  Wheeling  {Merts, 
144b).     Upshur  {Pollock)^ 
C.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  Michx.     ]\lountain  Water  Cress. 

Cool  Springs.     Preston  :  Cold  Spring.    Jefferson  :  Flowing 
Spring.      Wirt:    near   Burning    Springs.      Calhoun:   Laurel 
Run.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Ohio :  near  Wheel- 
ing {Mert-,  145). 
C.  PRATENSis  Linn. 

Wet  meadows.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Riehordson). 

C.  Pennsvlvanica  Muhl. 

Wet  places.  Randolph  :  borders  of  Gandv  Creek  (Green- 
man  374,  373)  and  vicinity  of  Horton. 

DENTARIA  L. 

D.  DipiiYLLA  Michx.     Pepper  Root. 

Common  in  deep,  cool  ravines  and  in  the  mountains. 
Monongalia:  Wirt:  Wood:  Calhoun:  Lewis:  Upshur:  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock)  Jefferson  :  Grant :  and  Tucker  coun- 
ties. Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel;  Brozmi).  Fayette: 
Hawk's  Nest   (Porter);  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 


266  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

D.    HETEROPIIYLLA    Xutt, 

Rocky,  moist  places.  Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls ;  oppo- 
site Uffington.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Xntfall). 

D.    LACINIATA   Muhl. 

Moist  woods,  frequent.  Monongalia :  opposite  Beech- 
woods  and  Uffington ;  near  Little  Falls.  Preston :  Cold 
Spring  and  elsewhere.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Alapel). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Hardy:  near  Moore- 
field  (Gamble), 
var.  iNTEGRiFOLiA   (Schulz)   Fernald. 

^lonongalia :   near   Morgantown    {Grose   3571    visa). 
var.    MULTIFIDA   Muhl. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls. 

BURSA  Weber. 

B.  BuRSA-pASTORis  (L.)   Britton.     Shepherd's  Purse.     {Capsclla 

Bnrsa-pastoris  Medic). 

Fields  and  roadsides,  common  throughout  the  State. 

CAMELINA  Crantz. 

C.  SATiVA  (L.)  Crantz.     False  Flax. 

Fields  and  waste  grounds.  Mineral :  near  Keyser  ( Wort- 
man).    Jefferson  :  near  Charlestown ;  near  Shenandoah  Jc. 

C.  MicROCARPA  Andrz. 

Waste  ground.  Jefferson:  near  Shenandoah  Jc.  {Mills- 
paugh). 

DRABA  L. 

D.  RAMOSissiMA  Desv.     Whitlow  Grass. 

On  wet  cliffs.     Jefferson :  cliffs  along  Shenandoah  River 
between  Millville  and  Harper's  Ferry.     Tucker :  Cliffs  near 
Falls  of  Blackwater.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 
D.  VERNA  L.     Shad  Flower. 

Sandy  wastes  and  roadsides.  Monongalia  :  banks  of  Falling 
Run ;  banks  of  Monongahela  below  Morgantown,  and  neai 
Little  Falls.  Marion :  near  Opekiska.  Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg {AUittall).  Greenbrier  Co.:  on  Kate's  Mountain,  alt. 
3,300  ft.  {Small). 

STENOPHRAGMA  Celak. 

S.  Thaliaxa  (Linn.)  Celak.  (Sisymbrium  Thalianuiii  Gay). 

Waste    grounds.      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Niittall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GKOLOGICAL    SURVEY  267 

ARAB  IS  L. 

A.    PATENS   Sulliv. 

Moist  rocky  places  in  woods.     Monongalia :  near  Monon- 
gahela  River  at  Ufifington.     Preston  :  Cold  Spring. 
A.  LAEVIGATA  (Muhl.),  Poir. 

Rocky  places,  fr-equent.     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown, 
and    little    Falls.      Marion :    near    Catawba.      Fayette :    near 
Nuttallburg,  common  (Nnttall).    Lewis:  (Pollock). 
A.  Canadensis  L.     Sickle-pod. 

Woods,  and  along  cool  runs.  Monongalia:  near  Gran- 
ville, near  Morgantown  and  Uffington. 

A.    LYRATA  L. 

Rocky  or  sandy  places.  Monongalia  :  banks  near  mouth 
of  Cheat  River.     Alercer :  near  Ingleside. 

ERYSIMUM  L. 
E.  CHEiRANTHOiDES  L.     Womi-secd  Mustard. 

Roadsides  and  railroad  embankments.  Monongalia :  near 
Morgantown.  Jefferson  :  near  Shenandoah  Junction.  Min- 
eral :  near  Piedmont. 

HESPERIS  L. 
PI.  MATRONALis  L.     Damc's  violet. 

Escaped  to  waste  places.  Monongalia  :  cinders  of  rail- 
road banks  near  Morgantown. 

CAPPARIDACEAE. 

CLEOME  L. 

C.  SPiNOSA  L.     Spider  Flower.  C.  piiugens  Willd. 

Escaped  from  farther  south,  at  Barboursville  near  the 
Guyandot  River,  Cabell  countv  (James).  Webster:  Hacker 
Valley  (H.  H.  Smith,  1737).' 

DROSERACEAE. 

DROSERA  L. 

D.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  L.     Sundcw. 

Glades.  Preston  :  Cranberry  Summit :  Morgan's  Glade ; 
and  Terra  Alta  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs 
Steele). 

P  O  D  O  S  T  E  M  O  N  A  C  E  AE. 

PODOSTEMON  Michx. 
P.  Ceratophyllum  Michx. 

"Three  well  marked  stages,  (a)  an  entirely  sessile  growth 


268  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

on  new  surfaces,  (b)  matted  growth  of  previous  seasons  on 
old  surfaces,  with  stems  an  inch  or  two  high,  (c)  very  old 
masses  with  stems  from  five  to  eight  inches  high  or  as  long 
where  the  current  prevented  an  erect  habit ;  in  the  Guyandot 
River  below  Baileysville,  Wyoming '  county,  alt.  i,ioo  ft., 
August  15,  1900.    {Morris,  12 10). 

C  R  A  S  S  U  L  A  C  E  AE. 

SEDUM  L. 

S.  PULciiELLUM  Michx. 

Rocky  places.     Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry   {Gray). 

S.  Nevii  Gray. 

Dry,    rocky    places.      Greenbrier :    near    White    Sulphur 
Springs    {Mills pangh,  Egglcston  4367). 
S.  TERNATUM  Michx.    Stone-crop. 

On  rocks  in  deep  woods  and  opens.  Throughout  the 
State. 

S.    TELEPIIIOIDES   Michx. 

Drier    situations.       Throughout     the    northern     counties. 
Jefferson:   Harper's   Ferry    {Gray).     Hardy:   near   Moore- 
field  {Gamble).     Hampshire:  near  Romney. 
S.  Telephium,  L.     Live-for-ever. 

Along  railroad  banks.  Jefferson,  Morgan  and  Berkeley 
counties. 

PENTHORACEAE. 

PENTHORUM  L. 

P.  SEDOiDES  L.     Ditch  Stone-crop. 

"Open  wet  places,  and  ditches.  Throughout  the  State. 
Very  luxuriant  specimens  three  feet  and  more  high  were 
noted  in  the  delta  of  a  spring,  under  limestone  cliffs,  below 
Baileysville,  Wyoming  county"    {Morris). 

PARNASSIACEAE. 

PARNASSIA  Linn. 

P.    GRANDIFLORA    DC. 

Wet  banks.    Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  {Selby). 
P.  ASARiFOLiA  Vent. 

Wet  places     Upshur:  near  French  Creek  {A.  B.  Brooks). 


WEST  \"iRGixi.\  (;eological  sur\"Ey  269 

S  A  X  I  F  R  A  G  A  C  E  AE. 

ASTILBE  Hamilton. 

A.  BiTERNATA  (Vent.)  Britton.  Goats-beard.  (A.  decandraDon.). 
Rich  woods.     Alercer  :  near  Wills. 

SAXIFRAGA  L. 
S.  ViRGiNiENSis  IMichx.     Early  Saxifrage. 

Exposed  moist  rocks  and  opens.     General  throughout  the 
State. 
S.  Pennsylvanica  L.     Swamp  Saxifrage. 

Glades.     Preston  :  jMorgan's  and  Terra  Alta  Glades. 
S.  micranthidifolia  (Haw.)  B.  S.  P.    Lettuce  Saxifrage.     (S. 
crosa,  Pursh.). 

Spring-rills  in  deep  woods.  Alonongalia :  near  Camp 
Eden.    Grant :  near  Bayard.     Tucker  :  along  the  Blackwater. 

THEROFON  Raf. 
T.  AcoNiTiFOLiuM    (Nutt.)    Millsp.  Prcl.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  361. 
(Boykiiiia  aconitifolia,  Nutt.). 

Creek  beds.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg;  plentiful  along 
the  beds  of  creeks  at  an  alt.  of  1,800  ft.,  does  not  extend 
down  these  beds  as  far  as  the  shores  of  X^ew  River  (alt.  i.ioo 
ft.).  Often  3-celled,  sometimes  the  flowers  6-parted,  few 
/-parted   (Xuttall). 

TIARELLA  L. 

T.  coRDi FOLIA  L.     False  Mitre- wo'-t. 

Rich,  moist  woods.  Common  throughout  the  Alleghanic 
and  the  foot-hills.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Gil- 
mer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{Nuttall).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Mc- 
Dowell: near  Elkhorn.  Mercer:  near  liluestonc  Jc.  (Mills- 
patigh).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon    (Pollock). 

AHTELLA  L. 

M.  DiPHYLLA  L.     Mitre-wort.     Bishop's  Cap. 

Rich,  shady  woods.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

CHRYSOSPLENIUAI  Linn. 
C.  A^[ERiCANUM  Schwein. 

In  damp,  shady  situations.  Monongalia :  near  Richard 
(Sheldon,  4279). 


270  Tllli    VVKSr    XIRGINIA     I'l.OKA 

HEUCHERA  L. 
H.  viLLosA  Alichx. 

Rocky  places.  Fayette:  Kanawha  Falls  (James):  Loup 
Creek  {James).  Nuttallburg  {NtittaU)  ;  above  Gauley 
Bridge  and  at  Gauley  Junction  {Egglestoii,  5534,  5541), 
near  Hawks  Nest  (Holton);  Kanawha:  near  Coalburg 
(James). 
H.  Americana  L.     Alum-root. 

Rich,  damp  woods.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown,  and 
frequent  elsewhere.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Greenbrier:  near  White 
Sulphur  Springs.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker :  near  Davis. 
Hampshire:  near  Romney.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts, 
859).  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
H.  PARviFLORA  Bartl.  (H.  Rugelii,  Shuttlw.). 

Shaded  cliffs.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  common  (Nutt- 
all). 
H.  PUBESCENS  Pursh. 

Rich,  deep  woods.  Randolph:  near  Durbin  (Grccnman 
376). 

HYDRANGEA  L. 
H.  ARBORESCENS  L.     Wild  Hydrangea. 

Rich  opens.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Marion : 
Opekiska.  Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Wirt :  near 
Burning  Springs.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Lewis: 
along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Throughout  the  above  range  the 
flowers  were  all  fertile.  Fayette :  near  Hawk's  Nest 
(James)  ;  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Randolph:  at  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith,  1391). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

A  form  with  grass-green  marginal  radiant  flowers,   in   a 
deep  ravine  in  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg. 
Var.  KANAWiiANA  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  363. 

Low  straggling  bush,  leaves  small,  paler  beneath,  acu- 
minate, somewhat  cordate  at  the  base ;  cymes  very  open  and 
branching,  marginal  radiant  flowers  many,  i  in.  broad,  fertile 
flowers  nearly  glabrous,  smaller  than  in  the  species.  Along 
the  Little  Kanawha  River  from  Kanawha  Station  to  Glen- 
ville. 

G  R  O  S  S  U  L  A  R  I  A  C  E  AE. 

RIBES  L. 
R.  Cynosbati  L.     Prickly  Gooseberry. 

Deep  rocky   woods.      Randolpli :    along   Cheat   River,   alt. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2/] 

3,360  ft. ;  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,700  ft. ;  Rich  A^Iountain,  alt. 
2,700.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta 
{Millspangh)  ;  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  {Pollock).  Pendleton:  branch  of  Two 
Spring  Creek  above  Horton  {Greeninan,  139)  ;  and  frequent 
throughout  the  northern  and  eastern  counties.  Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  { Mills paugh).  Nicholas:  at  Richwood  {H.  H. 
Smith,  1743)- 

R.  ROTUNDiFOLiuM  Michx.     Smoolh  Gooseberry. 

Rich,  cool,  mountain  woods,  with  the  last,  frequent  {Mills- 
paiigh).  Pendleton:  on  Spruce  Knob;  and  Pocahontas:  at 
Durbin  {Greenman  140,  141). 

R.  PROSTRATUM  L'Hcr. 

Pocahontas:  summit  of  Spruce  Knob,  alt.  4,800  ft.  {Mills- 
paiigh).  Pendleton:  west  slope  of  Spruce  Knob  {Green- 
man,  142)    {Hopkins). 

R.  FLORiDUM  L'Her.     Wild  Black  Currant. 

Rich  woods.  Randolph  :  near  Beverly.  Grant :  near  Bay- 
ard. Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Fayette  :  near  Xuttallburg 
{Nuttall).     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertc,  829). 

PI  A  M  A  M  E  L  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

HAMAMELIS  L. 
H.  A'iRGiNiANA  L.     Witch-hazel. 

Common  in  damp  woods  throughout  the  State. 

LIOUIDAMBAR  L. 
L.  STYRAciFLUA  L.     Swcct-gum.     Alligator-wood. 

Rich  woods.  The  distribution  of  this  species  in  the  State 
according  to  my  notes  of  travel  is,  from  east  to  west,  as 
follows  :  Beginning  near  the  source  of  Peter  Creek,  in  Nich- 
olas county,  it  follows  that  stream  to  its  junction  with  the 
Gauley  River,  down  this  to  its  confluence  with  the  New 
River  to  form  the  Great  Kanawha,  which  latter  it  follows 
to  the  mouth  of  Elk  River,  whence  it  bears  northward  up 
Eight  Mile  Creek  to  the  Pocotaligo  and  its  ^Middle  Fork, 
across  to  Mill  Creek  in  Jackson,  which  it  follows  to  the  Ohio. 

It  is  also  noted  in  Gilmer:  near  GlenviHe  {Mapel).  Fay- 
ette: near  Kanawha  Falls  {Jonics)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  {I^titt- 
all).  .  Cabell:  near  Huntington  {Sclby).  I  have  also  met 
with  it  in  Summers :  near  Hinton ;  and  along  the  Greenbrier 
River  in  that  countv. 


2^2  Tin-:    W1£ST    \IRGINIA    FLORA 

P  L  A  T  A  N  A  C  E  AE. 

PLATANUS  L. 
P.  OCCIDENTAL!  s  L.     Sycamore.     Button  wood. 

All  soils.  Wood :  at  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Kanawha 
(MicJiaii.v).     Common  throus^hout  the  State. 

ROSACE  AE. 

OPULASTER  ^ledic. 
(Physocorpa  Raf.  1836.) 
O.  OPULiFOLius    (L.)     Kuntze.     Nine-hark    (Pliysocarpa    opuli- 
folia  Raf.). 

Along-  streams,  common.  jMonongalia :  along-  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.  Webster  :  Upper  Glade.  Eayette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg  {Niittall).  Hardy:  near  Aloorefield.  Upshur:  near 
Buckdiannon  (Pollock). 

SPIRAEA  L. 
S.  CORYMBOSA   Raf.      Birch-leaved    Meadow-sweet.      {S.    bctiiH- 
folia  Pall.). 

Rich    mountain    woods.      Webster :    near    Upper    Glade. 
Hardy:  near  Aloorefield  (Gamble). 
S.  ViRGiNiANA  Britt.     West  Virginia  Meadow-sweet. 

Discovered  1890  along  the  Monongahela  River  near  Mor- 
gantown.     The   following   description   is  taken    from   Prof 
Britton's  account  of  the  plant  in  "Bull.  Torrey  Club,"  Dec. 
i8go. 

"A  glabrous  shrub,  the  branches  forming  long  wands, 
erect  or  reclining,  1-4  ft.  long.  Leaves  oblong  or  slightly 
oblanceolate,  thin,  obtuse  or  short-pointed  at  the  apex,  roimd- 
ed  or  cuneate  at  the  base,  13/2  to  2  in.  long,  5-8  lines  wide, 
green  above,  pale  beneath,  entire  or  with  a  few  low  serration? 
in  the  upper  half;  petioles  2  lines  long;  pedicels  and  pedun- 
cles pale  and  glaucous ;  flowers  about  2-lines  broad,  in  term- 
inal compound  corymbs  1-3  in.  across;  calyx  teeth  5,  tri- 
angular, blunt,  about  the  length  of  the  short-canipanulate 
tube,  distinctly  glaucous ;  petals  5,  white,  ovate-orbicular, 
obtuse;  stamens  15-20,  persistent;  styles  5-6;  follicles  in  the 
specimens  examined,  5-6,  apparentlv  sterile,  included  in  the 
persistent  calyx." 

"On  damp  rocks  along  the  T^Ionongahela  Rivei«,  Morgan- 
town,  W  est  Virginia,  collected  by  Dr.  C.  E.  AL'llspaugh  in 
]lower,  June  20th,   1890,  and  in  apparently   imperfect    fruit 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2/3 

late  in  September.    Collected  also  by  Mr.  G.  R.  Vasey  in  the 
mountains  of  North  Carolina,   1878." 

''Spiraea  hctulaefolia,  Pall,  and  vS".  corymbosa,  Raf.,  have 
much  longer  follicles  exserted  beyond  the  calyx,  broader, 
thicker,  and  dentate  leaves,  and  are  different  in  habit.  Ra- 
finesque  published  a  number  of  species  in  his  New  Flora,  but 
none  of  them  can  apply  to  this  one." 

Upshur:  near  Buckhannon   (Pollock). 
S.  SALiciFOLiA  Linn.    Queen  of  the  Prairie. 

Meadows.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Preston : 
near  Terra  Alta  (MillspaugJi)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Airs. 
Steele).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuftall).  Forming  a 
hedge  along  a  woodland  swamp  between  Harvey  and  Trap 
Hill,  Raleigh  county  (Morris).  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 
(Pollock).  Randolph:  at  Elkins  (Greenuian,  189). 
S.  TOMENTOSA  L.     Hardback.       Steeple-bush. 

Low  grounds.  Webster :  Welch  Glade.  Wood :  near 
Lockhart's  Run.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Ran- 
dolph: in  a  pasture  at  Elkins  (Greennian,  188). 

ARUNCUS  Adans. 
A.  Aruncus  L.    Goat's  Beard.  (Spiraea  Aruncus  L,.). 

Rich  ground  and  along  streams.  Monongalia :  near  Mor- 
gantown, Uffington,  Little  Falls,  Day  Creek  and  Granville 
along  the  Monongahela.  Randolph :  along  Middle  Fork,  on 
Rich  Mountains,  alt.  2,125  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma- 
pel). 

PORTERANTHUS  Britton  (1894). 
(Gilienia,  Moench.  1802  not  Adans  1763.) 
P.  TRiFOLiATUS   ( L. )    Britton.    Bowman's  Root.     Indian  Physic. 
(Gilienia  trifoliata  Moen.). 

Rich  woods,  f  recjuent.  Webster :  Welch  and  Long  Glades. 
Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  River  from,  Little  Falls 
to  Beech  Woods.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Wortman).  Sum- 
mers: near  Hinton.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
Mercer  :  near  Ingleside.  Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Mountain, 
alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small;  Eggleston,  43^2). 
P.  STiPULATUS  (Muhl.),  Britton.  American  Ipecac.  (Gilienia 
stipulacea  Nutt.). 

Borders  of  woods.  Wood  :  between  Kanawha  Station  and 
Lockhart's  Run. 

RUBUS  L. 
R.  Americanus   (Pers.)   Britton.  (R.  trifloroiis  Rich.). 

Open  places.     Preston:  at  Craneville  Glade  (Rtimsey). 


274  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

R.  ODORATUS  L.  Purple-flowering  Raspberry.  Thimble-berry. 
Damp  rock)  places.  Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls.  Grant : 
near  Bayard.  Randolph  :  near  Crickard  P.  O.  Fayette  :  nea: 
Kanawha  Falls  {James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Summers:  near 
Hinton.  Hardy  :  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Upshur  :  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
R.  CoLUMBiANUS  (Millsp.)  Rydb. 

Leaves  ample,  5-7-incised,  divisions  oblong-lanceolate  long 
and  taper  pointed,  sharply  and  mostly  double  serrate.  Inflor- 
escence smaller,  more  compact  and  the  fruit  smaller  than  in 
the  previous  species  and  of  a  more  decided  musky  taste. 
Monongalia:  cool  woods,  libbs  Run. 
R.  STRiGOSUS  Michx.    Wild  Red  Raspberry. 

Thickets      Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  not  plentiful  (Nutt- 
all).    Pocahontas:  Spruce  Mountain  (Hopkins). 
R.  occiDENTALis  L.     Black  Raspberry, 

Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
R.  NiGROBAccus  Bailey.   High  Blackberry.  (R.  vUlosiis  of  Flora.) 

Common  everywhere  in  the  State. 
R.  ARGUTUS  Link,  fide  Rydberg. 

Roadsides,  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith,  1384). 
R.  Baileyanus  Britton.  (R.  villosus  hnmifusus  T.  &  G.). 

Woods  and  river  banks.    Favetle  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). 
Var.  FRONDOSUS  Bigel. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Tun- 
nellton 
R.  MiLLSPAUGHii  Britt. 

This  species  was  described  in  "The  Bulletin  of  the  Torry 
Club"  for  1 89 1,  page  366,  as  follows : 

"Ascending,  wand-like,  entirely  unarmed  or  with  a  very 
few  wea'k  prickles  above,  glabrous  throughout  or  the  young- 
er shoots  scurfy  pubescent.  Stems  one  and  one-half  to  four 
meters  long;  leaves  long  petioled,  pedately  5-foliate  or  some 
of  those  one  the  twigs  3-foliate ;  leaflets  thin,  oval,  glabrous 
on  both  sides,  long-acuminate  at  the  apex,  mostly  rounded 
at  the  base,  12-15  cm.  long,  about  5  cm.  wide,  sharply,  but 
not  deeply  serrate;  stock  of  the  terminal  leaflet  7-10  cm, 
long ;  inflorescence  loosely  racemose  ;  bracts  linear-lanceolate ; 
acuminate ;  fruit  black,  about  10  mm.  long." 

"Nearest  to  R.  villosus,  but  evidently  a  distinct  species. 
Curiously  enough  there  is  a  leaf  of  this  species  glued  down 
on  the  sheet  of  R.  Canadensis,  L  in  herb  Linn.,  and  it  ap- 
pears to  have  been  included  in  his  description  of  that  species 
— the  specimens  furnished  by  Kalm." 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2/5 

Near  the  summit  of  Point  Mountain  in  Randolph  county 
at  an  altitude  of  3,500  ft.,  also  along  the  Gandy  in  great  pro- 
fusion. Pendleton  and  Pocahontas :  on  Little  Rich  Moun- 
tains abundant.  The  mountaineers  claim  that  it  is  upon  this 
species  that  the  bears  grow  fat  for  their  period  of  hiberna- 
tion, the  fruit  being  late  to  ripen  and  very  nutritious. 

Mr.  John  K.  Small  remarks  in  his  Studies  of  Botany  of 
the  Southeastern  United  States,  Bull  Torr.  Club,  21  :i9 
(1894)  in  reporting  this  species:  "Grows  on  the  walls  of 
the  canon  at  Tallulah  Falls,  Ga.  Collected  in  flower  in  April, 
1893;  alt.  1,600  ft.  This  most  likely  locates  the  southern 
limit  of  the  geographical  range  of  R.  Millspaughii.  Being  a 
typical  high  mountain  species,  it  is  not  to  be  expected  much 
below  1,600  feet,  and  just  south  of  the  above-mentioned  lo- 
cality the  Blue  Ridge  'runs  out'  into  the  plains.  Further 
south  the  land  decreases  gradually  in  altitude  until  the  gulf 
is  reached.  According  to  my  observations  the  above  plant 
thrives  most  vigorously  at  altitudes  ranging  from  4,500  to 
6,000  ft.  It  grows  well  at  lower  elevations,  but  never  in  such 
a  prolific  manner."  Mr.  Small  and  Anna  M.  Vail  also  give 
in  their  "Report  of  the  Botanical  Explorations  of  South- 
western Virginia,  1892,"  the  following  additional  localities 
for  this  species :  "Above  Fox  Creek,  on  Pine  ]\lountain  in 
deep  woods,  alt.  3,000  ft.  Summit  and  slopes  of  Mt.  Rodgers, 
alt.  4,000  to  5,719  ft.  Summit  of  White  Top  Mountain,  alt. 
5,678  ft.  Slopes  and  summit  of  White  Rock  Mountain,  alt. 
3,000  to  4,400  ft." 

The  species  was  also  collected  by  Mr.  T.  H.  Kearney,  Jr., 
at  the  summit  of  Thunderhead  (about  6,500  ft.),  and  on 
Chilhowee  Mountain  (at  about  1,500  ft.),  in  Blount  Co., 
Tennessee.  Reports  of  the  collection  of  the  species  in  the 
mountains  of  North  Carolina,  New  Hampshire,  and  northern 
Michigan  have  been  made. 

The  species  is  reported  as  common  in  thickets  at  Wilton 
and   Southport,   Maine    (Fernald),   and  at   Deering,   Maine 
(BlankinsJiip). 
R.  Canadensis  L.    Dewberry. 

Abundant  on  dry  hillsides  throughout  the  State. 
R.  Allegheniensis  Porter.   Leucretia  Dewberry.    (R.  Canaden- 
sis roribaccus  Bailey). 

Dry  hillsides.     Randolph  :  near  Beverly. 

This  new  variety  of  the  species  is  described  by  Prof. 
Bailey  in  the  American  Garden,  November,  1890,  as  follows : 
"Plant  larger  and  stronger;  leaflets  broad  below,  usually  tri- 
angular-ovate, doubly  serrate  with  small  teeth,  and  more  or 
less  notched  and  jagged;  peduncles   longer,  straighter  and 


276  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Stouter,  liabituously  more  numerous  and  more  conspicuously 
overtopping  the  leaves;  flowers  very  large  (sometimes  two 
inches  across)  ;  sepals  uniformly  larger,  some  of  them  much 
prolonged  and  leaf-like  and  conspicuously  lobed  (sometimes 
becoming  an  inch  long  and  wide)  ;  fruit  much  larger." 
R.  HiSPiDUS  L.    Running  Swamp-Blackberry. 

Glade  regions  of  Preston.  Randolph  and  Webster  coun- 
ties.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
R.  TRiviALis  Michx.    Low  Bush-blackberry. 

Sandy  soil.     Kanawha:  near  Charleston   (Jaii'cs). 

DALIBARDA  L. 

D.    REPENS  L. 

Deep  mountain  woods.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker : 
along  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat  (Millspaitgli).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

DRY.MOCALLIS  Fourr. 
D.   ^RGUTA  (Pursh.)   Rydb.  {Potentilla  argnta  Pursh.). 

Dry  situations.  Upshur:  near  French  Creek  {A.  B. 
Brooks). 

FRAGARIA  L. 

F.  ViRGiNiANA  Duches.     Wild  Strawberry. 

Moist  woodlands  and  fields,  common.     ^Monongalia  :  near 
Morgantown    (Brozvn).     Gilmer:   near   Glenville    (Mapel) 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).     Hardy:  near  Moore- 
field  (Gamble). 
F.  \ESCA  L.    Northern  Wild  Strawberry. 

Shady  woods,  less  common  than  the  last.  Kanawha :  neai 
Charleston   {James).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall). 

DUCHESNEA  J.  E.  Smith. 
D.  Indica   (Andr.)   Focke.     Indian  Strawberry.     {Fragaria  In- 
dica  Andr.). 

Escaped  to  waste  places.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
Kanawha:  near  Charleston  {Barnes,  Coulter,  C.  L.  Brooks). 

ULMARIA  Hill. 
U.  RUBRA  Hill.  (Spiraea  lohafa  Gronov.). 

Escaped  and  established  near  Pickens,  Randolph  County 
{H.  H.  Smithy  I S42). 
U.  Ulmaria  (L.)   Barnhart.  {Spiraea  Ulmaria  Linn.). 

Escaped  and  established  near  Pickens,  Randolph  County 
(H.  H.  Smith,  1543). 


WEST    VIRGINIA   GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  2"]'/ 

POTENTILLA  L. 

P.  MoNSPELiENSis  L.  {P.  Norvcgica  L.)- 

Fields   and   wet  places.      Wood :  near   Kanawha   Station. 
Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.    Grant :  near  Bayard.    Fay- 
ette :  near  Nuttallburg'  rare  {Nuttall).    Tucker:  near  Davis, 
Randolph:  near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith,  1365). 
P.  Canadensis  L.    Cinquefoil. 

Dry  fields,  an  abundant  weed  throughout  the  State. 
Far.  SIMPLEX  (Michx.)  T.  &  G. 

Dry  fields.    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Gutteiiberg). 
P.  suLPHUREA  Lam.  (P.  recta  Am.  Auth.). 

Found  growing  in  abundance  in  a  meadow  near  South 
Fairmont,  Marion  County  {Boutlou). 

WALDSTEINIA  Willd. 
W.  FRAGARioiDES  (Michx.)  Tratt.    Barren  Strawberry. 

Wooded  hillsides.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs  (Heller,  830). 

GEUM  L. 
G.  RiVALE  Linn. 

In    swampy    places.      Preston :    in    "Pine    Swamp"    near 
Cranesville   (A.  B    Brooks). 
G.  Canadense  Jacq.  (G.  a/^M;»  Gmel.). 

Woods  and  thickets.  Calhoun,  Wood,  Grant,  Mineral,  and 
Monongalia  Counties.  Fayette :  near  .  Kanawha  Falls 
{James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hin- 
ton  (Mills pan gh).  Webster:  on  Tater  Knob  (H.  H.  Smith, 
^477)- 

G.    ViRGINIANUM   L. 

Borders  of  woods  and  low  grounds.     Wood,  Wirt,  Cal- 
houn,  Gilmer,   Marion,    Lewis,    Monongalia,    and    Jefferson 
Counties.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall) 
G.  FLAVUM   (Porter)    Bicknell. 

Along  Madam  Creek  opposite  Hinton,  Summers  County, 
alt.  1,500  ft.,  July  9,  1900  (Morris,  965)  ;  along  the  Guyandot 
River  below   Baileysville,   Wyoming  County,   alt.    1,250  ft., 
August  15,  1900  (Morris,  1218). 
G.  VERNUM  (Raf.)  T.  &  G. 

Moist  places.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  Little 
Falls.     Marion  :  near  Opekiska. 

AGRIMONIA  L. 
A.  HiRSUTA  (Muhl.)  Bicknell.  (A.  Eupatoria  of  Flora). 

Borders  of  woods,   frequent  throughout  the  State.     In  a 


278  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

thicket  about  a  spring  near  Kegley,  Mercer  County,  alt.  2,100 
ft.,  July  21,  1900  (Morris,   1042).     Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  PARViFLORA  Soland. 

Woods  and  glades.  Randolph :  on  Lone  Sugar  Knob. 
Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Webster  :  Long  Glade.  Nicholas  : 
Collett's  Glade.  Tucker  :  near  Davis.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttall- 
burg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Niittall).  Summers:  near  Hinton. 
Monroe :  near  Alderson. 
A.  Brittoniana  Bicknell. 

Dry,  open  field.     Webster :   summit  of  Lone  Tree  Knob 
(Millspaugh,  450). 
A.  GRYPOSEPALA  Wallr. 

Dry  situations:  Randolph:  at  Ford's   (Millspaugh,  425). 
A.  MOLLIS  (T.  &  G.)  Britton. 

Dry  woods  and  thickets.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  STRIATA  Michx. 

Dry  woods.  Randolph:  summit  of  Rich  Mountain  (Mills- 
paugh,  450).  Pocahontas:  valley  of  the  East  Fork  of  the 
Greenbrier  River  (Greenman,  137). 

SANGUISORBA  L. 

S.  Canadensis  L.     Burnet.  (Poteriuni  Cauadense  Gray). 

Rich,  moist  woods.  Randolph :  along  Cheat  River. 
Tucker :  along  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat.  Monongalia : 
Cheat  River  near  Camp  Eden.  Preston :  Terra  Alta  (Mills- 
paugh) ;  at  Read  (Greenman,  171). 

ROSA  L. 

R.    SETIGERA   Michx. 

Escaped  and  established  commonly  about  Fairmont,  Ma- 
rion County  (Boutlou). 
R.  Carolina  L     Carolina  Rose. 

Damp   places.     Wood :   near   Kanawha   Station,   profuse. 
.  L'pshur :  near  Buckhannon.     Webster :  Long  Glade.     Ran- 
dolph ;  meadows  along  Tygart's  Valley  River.    Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
R.  HUMiLis  Marsh.    Dwarf  Wild  Rose. 

Dry  soils.     Wood  :  near  Kanawha  Station.     Monongalia  : 
near   Ufifington   and    Beechwoods.      Gilmer:   near   Glenville 
(Mapel).    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A/'m^^q//).     Summers: 
near  Hinton. 
R.  LuciDA  (Ehrh.)  Larger  Wild  Rose. 

Shaded    hillsides.      Kanawha :    near    Charleston    (J antes ^ 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  279 

Barnes).     jMonongalia :  plentiful  along  Cheat  River  above 
Camp  Eden.    Fayette:  Kanawha  Falls  (James). 

R.  RUGOSA  Thunb. 

Established  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  (Shel- 
don). 

R.  RUBiGiNOSA  L.     Sweet-brier.     Eglantine. 

Frequent  along  roadsides  and  thickets.  Nicholas :  along 
Gauley  River.  Randolph :  Staunton  Pike  on  Cheat  Moun- 
tains. Summers :  near  Hinton.  Monongalia :  near  Ice's 
Ferry. 

R.    CANINA  L. 

Rocky  Banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 

POMACE  AE. 

SORBUS  L.  " 

S.  Americana  Alarsh.   Mountain  Ash.    (Pyrus  Americana  DC). 

Damp  mountain  woods.     Randolph  :  near  Cheat   Bridge. 

Grant :  near  Bayard.     Tucker :  near  Davis ;  and  along  the 

Blackwater.     Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

Pendleton:  on  Spruce  Knob  (Greenman,  148). 

MALUS  Hill. 
M.  CORONARIA  (L.)  Mill.  Wild  Crabapple.  (Pyrus  coronaria  L.). 
Opens    and    damp    places.      Monongalia :    frequent    about 
Morgantown.     Marion  :  along  the  Monongalia  River.     Gil- 
mer:  near  Glenville    (Mapel).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 
(Pollock).    Pocahontas:  near  Travelers  Repose  (Greenman, 
170).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).     Mercer:  near 
Beaver    vSpr.      Greenbrier :    near    White    Sulphur    Springs 
(Eggleston,  4324,  4369)- 
M.  ANGUSTiFOLiA  (Ait.)  Michx.     Narrow-leaved  Crab.     (Pyrus 
angustifolia  Ait.). 

Glady  regions  of  Preston,  Webster  and  Nicholas  Counties 
(Millspattgh).    Pocahontas:  near  Durbin  (Greenman,  143). 
M.  glaucescens  Rehder. 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4323, 
4363).    Summers:  near  Hinton  (Eggleston,  5571). 

ARONIA  Medic. 
A.  ARBUTiFOLiA    (L.)    Mcdic.      Choke    Berry.      (Pyrus   arbuti- 
folia  L.). 

Damp  places.  Webster :  Upper  Glade.  Preston :  near 
Terra  Alta.     Nicholas  :  Collett's  Glade.    Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 


28o  THE    WEST    \TKGINIA    FLORA 

allbur^",  alt.  2,000  ft.   (Nuttall).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 
(Pollock). 
A.  NIGRA  (Willd.)  Britten.     (P.  arbuiifolia  uiclanocarpa  Alichx.) 
Preston  :  Reedsville   Glade  ;   Morgans'   Glade.     Webster : 
Upper  and  Welch  Glades. 

AMELANCHIER  Aledic. 
A.  Canadensis  (L.)  Medic.     Shad  Bush.    June  Berry. 

Common  generally,  even  in  the  higher  mountains. 
A.  Botryapium  (L.f.)  U.C.  {A.  canadensis  oblongifoliaT.  &  G.) 

Open  woodlands.     Preston:   near  Reedsville    {Runisey). 

CRATAEGUS  L. 
C.  amara  Ashe. 

Summers:  near  Hinton  (Eggleston,  5578,  5592). 
C.  RoANENSis  Ashe. 

Summers:  near  Hinton  {Eggleston,  5572,  5588).     Hamp- 
shire: near  Romney  (Brooks). 
C.  Margaretta  Ashe.  (C.  Broumii  Britton). 

Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston, 
4^iy-2i,  4326,  4329,  4362,  4368)  ;  on  Kate's  Mountain 
(Small).  Fayette:  near  Thurmond  (Eggleston,  5555-6, 
5559'  5561)-  Summers:  near  Hinton  (Eggleston,  with  red 
fruit  5582,  with  yellow  5583;  5589). 
C.  straminea  Beadle. 

Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4322, 
4330,  4370).  Summers  :  near  Hinton  (Eggleston  5563,  5570). 
C.  pruinosa  (Wendl.)  K.  Koch. 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4327, 
4372).     Summers:  near  Hinton   (Eggleston,  5586). 
C.  succulenta  Schrad.  (C.  macrantha  Lodd.) 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4328, 
4371).     Summers:  near  Hinton  (Eggleston,  5593). 
C.  MACROSPERMA  Ashc.  forma. 

Greenbrier :  about  the  base  of  Kate's  Mountain  near  White 
Sulphur    Springs    (Eggleston,    4332).      Monongalia:    near 
Morgantown  ( Brooks) . 
C.  PAusiACA  Ashe. 

Upshur:  near  Buckhannon   (Brooks). 
C.  FOETiDA  Ashe. 

Grant:  along  Abram  Creek  (Brooks). 
C.  HoLMESiANA  Ashe. 

Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Brooks). 

C.    SPATHULATA  Michx. 

Rocky  woods.     Mercer :  near  Beaver  Spring,  and  Wills. 
McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL   SURVEY  281 

C.    CORDATA    (Mill.)    Ait. 

Rocky  mountain  woods,  fiercer :  near  Beaver  Spring, 
Ada,  and  Ingleside. 

C.    OXYACANTHA  L. 

River  banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
C.  APiiFOLiA  (Marsh.)  Michx. 

Rocky   woods.      Mercer :    near    Ingleside   and    at    Beaver 
Spring. 
C.  cocciNEA  L.     Scarlet  Thorn. 

Thickets.  Calhoun  :  Lower  Leading  Creek.  Monongalia : 
near  Ice's  Ferry.  Marion :  near  Opekiska.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
Upshur  :  near  Buckhannon.  Summers  :  near  Hinion.  Hardy  : 
near  Moorefield  {Gamble).  Mercer:  near  Ingleside. 
C.  MOLLIS  (T.  &  G.)  Scheele.    (C.  coccinea,  var.  mollis,  T.  &  G.) 

Mercer :  near  Beaver  Spring  and  Ingleside. 
C.  TOMENTOSA  L.    Black  Thorn, 

Uplands.  Monongalia :  near  Stewartstown  and  Uffing- 
ton ;  road  to  Dorsey's  Knob.  Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge. 
Tucker  :  along  the  Blackwater.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Wood  : 
near  Lockhart's  Run.  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  McDowell : 
near  Elkhorn.  Grant:  near  Abram  Creek  {Brooks). 
C.  PUNCTATA  Jacq. 

Borders  and  open  woods.     Monongalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry ; 
Cheat  River  above  Camp   Eden.     Greenbrier :   near  White 
Sulphur  Springs    {Eggleston  4325,  Mllispaugh).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
C.  Crus-galli  L.    Cockspur  Thorn. 

Thickets.  Monongalia :  frequent.  Marion :  near  Hough- 
town.  Preston  :  near  Reedsville  and  Terra  Alta.  Mineral : 
near  Keyser.  Jefferson :  near  Shenandoah  Junction.  Up- 
shur:  near  Buckhannon.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutt- 
all); near  Gauley  Bridge  {Eggleston,  5538).  Greenbrier: 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Summers :  near  Hinton 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble).  Mercer:  near  Beaver 
Springs  and  Ingleside. 
C.  FLAVA  Ait.     Summer  Haw. 

Shady  river  banks.     Fayette :  banks  of  New  River  near 
Nuttallburg     {Nuttall).      Mercer:    near    Ingleside;    along 
stream  opposite  Wills.     McDowell :  along  Tug  Fork,  near 
Welch. 
C.  UNiFLORA  Muench.  {C.  parviiiora  Ait). 

Sandy  woods.  Mercer :  along  streamlet  near  Ingleside 
{Millspaugh).  Summers:  near  Hinton  {Eggleston:  with  red 
fruits  5573,  with  yellow  fruits  5574). 


2>^J  TIIK    VVi:Sr    \1KGIN1A     FLORA 

C.   biOTUNDiFOLiA   (Ehrli.)   pjork, 

Greenbrier  Co.:  on  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  {Siiiall). 

DRUPACEAE. 

PRUNUS  L. 

P.  Americana  Marsh.     Wild  Yellow  or  Red  Plum. 

River  banks  and  woodlands.  Hard\  :  near  Moorefield. 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Marion  :  near  Opekiska. 
Tyler:  near  Long  Reach  (Col.  Johnson).  Wood:  near 
Lockhart's  Run.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Ran- 
dolph: near  Pickens.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall)  ; 
above  Gauley  Bridge  (Eggleston,  5530). 
P.  ANGUSTiFOLiA  Michx.  (P.  cliicasa  Michx.). 

Thickets.      Monongalia :    Permian    formations   near   Cass- 
ville.    Tyler  :  near  Long  Reach. 
P.  Pennsylvanica,  L.  f.     Wild  Red  Cherry. 

Rocky  woods.    Very  common  throughout  the  eastern  por- 
tion of  the  State. 
P.  ViRGiNiANA  L     Choke  Cherry. 

Moist,  shady  places,  common. 
P.  SEROTiNA  Ehrh.    Wild  Black  Cherry. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  where  it  often  forms  ex- 
tensive and  very  valuable  forests.  •  This  is  especially  true  of 
the  tree  in  the  central  eastern  section. 

AMYGDALUS  Linn. 
A.  Persica  L.    Peach. 

Several  trees  were  growing  in  the  woods  along  Dry  Fork 
above  Peeryville,  McDowell  County,  alt.  1,300  ft.,  August  4, 
1900  (Morris,  1130). 

CAESALPINACEAE. 

CERCIS  L. 
C.  Canadensis  L.     Red-bud.    Judas'  Tree. 

Especially  common  on  hillsides  along  the  Great  Kanawha 
River  in  Putnam  and  Mason  Counties.  Monongalia :  along 
Cheat  River ;  and  the  Monongahela.  Wirt :  along  Little  Kan- 
awha River.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nnttall).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 

CASSIA  L. 
C.  Marilandica  L.    Wild  Senna. 

Sandy   alluvium.      Fayette:   near    Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  283 

near  Gauley  Bridge.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Prof.  Brozvn). 
Kanawha  :  near  Pocotaligo.  Jackson  :  near  Sandy ville.  Jef- 
ferson :  near  Harpers  Ferry.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Harrison  :  near  Shinnston.  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gam- 
hie). 

C.  Medsgeri  Shafer. 

Dry  gravelly  situations.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Gutten- 
berg). 

C.  Chamaechrista  L.     Partridge  Pea. 

Sandy  fields.  Monongalia :  near  the  mouth  of  Cheat 
River.  Marion  :  near  Opekiska.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg 
{Nut tall) . 

C.  NicTiTANS  L.    Wild  Sensitive  Plant. 

Sandy  places.  Monongalia  :  along  the  Monongahela  River. 
Marion  :  near  Clements.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutc- 
all)  ;  near  Hawks  Nest  {Holton).  Barbour:  near  Tygart 
Junction  {Greenman,  i8i).  Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Summers:  near  Hinton.    Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 

C.  NICTITANS  COMMIXTA  ( Poll.  &  Max.)  comb.  nov. 

Chamaecrista  nictitans  commixta  Pollard  &  Maxon,  Proc. 
Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  14:163  (1901). 

Plant  of  low  stature,  very  densely  and  divaricately  branch- 
ing, the  stems  finely  pubescent  or  puberulent :  leaves  resem- 
bling those  of  nictitans  but  often  with  more  numerous  leaf- 
lets; petiolar  gland  cupulate  or  truncate,  usually  nearly  ses- 
sile ;  flowers  and  fruits  as  in  C.  nictitans. 

Collected  by  Charles  L.  Pollard  and  William  R.  Maxon  in 
alluvial  soil  along  New  River  at  Quinnimont,  Fayette  County, 
August  21,  1899.  Their  No.  31,  the  type,  is  in  the  National 
Herbarium  as  No.  357,069. 

GLEDITSIA  L. 
G.  triacanthos  L.     Honey  or  Black  Locust. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Wirt :  on 
Nigh-Cut  Hill.  Randolph:  Rich  Mts.;" Point  Mt.,  alt.  23- 
3,700  ft.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield. 

GYMNOCLADUS  Lam. 

G.  DioiCA    (L.)   Koch.     Kentucky  Coffee-tree.    {G.  Canadensis, 
Lam.). 

Rich  woods,  infrequent.  Randolph :  Point  Mountain,  be- 
yond Valley  Bend.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull  Mountain,  along 
ridge. 


284  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

PAPILIONACEAE. 

BAPTISIA  Vent. 
B.  TiNCTORiA  (L.)  R.  Br.    Wild  Indigo.    "Shoo  Fly." 

Sandy  opens.  Randolph :  along  Middle  Fork ;  along 
Tygart's  Valley  River;  Point  and  Rich  Mountains.  Web- 
ster :  beyond  Addison.  Nicholas :  between  long  and  Collett's 
Glades.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Kanawha:  near 
Coalburg  (James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall). 
Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Preston:  near  Terra 
Alta. 
B.  viLLosA  (Walt.)  Nutt. 

Rocky  woods.     Mercer :  near  Ingleside. 

B.  AusTRALis  (L.)  R.  Br.    Blue  False  Indigo. 

River  shores.  Ohio :  along  the  Ohio  near  Wheeling 
(Mertz  &  Guttenberg).  Along  New  River.  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg,  common  (Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hinton, 
abundant.     Mercer  :  Beaver  Springs. 

LUPINUS  L. 
L.  PERENNis  L.    Lupine. 

Sandy  soils.    Monongalia :  near  the  mouth  of  Cheat  River. 

ULEX  Linn. 
U.  EuROPAEus  L.    Gorse. 

Largely  escaped  and  fully  naturalized  on  a  cleared  hillside, 
with  no  evidence  of  a  previous  habitation.  Randolph :  near 
Pickens,  where  it  is  called  "Thistle"  (H.  H.  Smith,  2022). 

CYTISUS  Linn. 

C.  scoPARius  (L.)  Link.     Broom. 

An  extensive  naturalization  of  this  species  occurs  with  the 
Ulex  near  Pickens,  Randolph  County,  where  it  is  used  for 
house  brooms  and  called,  locally,  "Ginster"  (H.  H.  Smith, 
1928). 

MEDICAGO  L. 
M.  SATivA  L.    Lucerne. 

Dry   places.      Monongalia :    in    cinders    of   railroad   near 
Morgantown,  where  it  has  persisted  for  several  years. 
M.  LUPULiNA  L.    Black  Medic. 

Dry  places.  Marion:  near  Catawba  (Walker).  Monon- 
galia :  near  Uffington. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  285 

MELILOTUS  Juss. 

M.  OFFICINALIS  (L.)  Lam.    Yellow  Melilot. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Guttenberg). 
M.  ALBA  Desv.  White  Melilot.  Sweet  Clover.  Bokhara  Clover. 
Roadsides  and  ditches.  Jackson  :  near  Sandyville.  Wood  : 
near  Parkersburg.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Berke- 
ley :  near  Martinsburg.  Jefferson :  near  Summit  Point,  and 
Shenandoah  Junction  Mason  :  near  Pt.  Pleasant.  Mineral : 
near  Keyser.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield, 

TRIFOLIUM  L. 

T.  ARVENSE  L.    Rabbit-foot  Clover. 

Established  in  many  places  along  roadsides  and  in  old 
fields.  Kanawha :  near  Pocotaligo.  Jackson :  along  C.  &  P. 
Pike.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  (IVorkiuan).  Cabell:  near 
Barboursville  (/a/nc.?).  Jefferson  :  near  Charlestown.  Hamp- 
shire :  near  Romney. 
T.  PRATENSE  L.    Red  Clover. 

A  common  escape  to  fields    roadsides,  and  open  woods; 
even  in  the  higher  Alleghenies.     With  pure  white  flowers. 
Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith,  1367). 
T.  ViRGiNicuM  Small,  Mem.  Torr.  Club,  4:112  (1894)  Tab.  75. 

Perennial  from  a  large  and  long  root,  dift'usely  branched 
from  the  summit  of  the  root ;  branches  2  to  4  cm.  long,  strict- 
ly prostrate,  pubescent ;  leaves  3-foliate,  petiole  4  to  8  cm. 
long ;  leaflets  linear,  linear-lanceolate  or  oblanceolate,  i  to  4 
cm.  long,  acute  or  cuspidate,  serrate-dentate,  glabrous  above, 
more  or  less  silky  beneath,  conspicuously  veined ;  sepals 
ovate,  conspicuous ;  inflorescence  in  terminal,  globose  heads, 
about  2.5  cm.  in  diameter;  flowers  whitish,  more  or  less 
crowded  on  slender  pedicels,  .2  to  .4  cm.,  standard  emarginate- 
mucronate,  striate ;  calyx  clothed  with  long  silky  hairs,  the 
teeth  subulate,  nearly  half  the  length  of  the  corolla.  Pods 
and  seeds  not  seen. 

Growing  on  the  rocky  slopes  of  Kate's  Mountain,  Green- 
brier County,  in  company  with  Clematis  ovata  {Small;  Mac- 
kenzie;  Heller,  843). 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  T.  stolonifcnun  by 
its  flower,  but  in  all  other  respects  it  differs  from  that  and 
all  the  other  eastern  American  species. 
T.  REPENS  L.    White  Clover. 

Fields,  open  woods,  and  waste  places ;  common  throughout 
the  State. 


286  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

T.  HYBRiDUM  L.    Alsike  Clover. 

Becoming  frequent  in  fields  and  meadows.  Monongalia: 
on  the  University  Campus. 

T.    STOLONIFERUM    Mulll. 

In  dry  woodlands.     Monongalia:  near  Marilla   (Sheldon, 
1640). 
T.  AUREUM   Poll.  (T.  agrarium  Linn.). 

Sandy  hills  and  roadsides.     Upshur :   near   Buckhannon ; 

summit    on    Staunton    Pike.      Randolph :    Cheat    Mountain 

Battlefield.    Cabell :  near  PTuntington  (/a//ft^.?).     Hampshire: 

near  Romney.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

T.  PROCUMBENS  I..     Low  Ycllow  Clover. 

Sandy  fields,  and  roadsides,  Kanawha :  near  Charleston 
(Barnes).  Jackson:  plentiful  in  fields  and  along  roads. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttail). 

CRACCA  L.  (1753). 
(Tephrosia  Pers.  1807). 

C.  ViRGiNiANA  L.     Goats  Rue.  (T.  Virginiana  Pers.). 

Dry  sandy  soils.     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Mills- 

paugh).     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).    Webster  Co.  on 

an  "island"  in  Upper   Glade.     Kanawha :  near  the   Salinas 

(Holt  on). 

ROBINIA  L. 

R.  PsEUD-AcAciA  L.     Yellow  Locust. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  even  in  the  higher  moun- 
tains. 

Dr.  Asa  Gray,  in  his  account  of  a  "Botanical  Excursion 
to  the  mountains  of  North  Carolina,"  says :  "On  the  rocky 
banks  of  the  Potomac  below  Harper's  Ferry,  we  saw  for 
the  first  time  the  common  Locust  tree  (Robinia  Pseud- 
acacia)  decidedly  indigenous.  It  probably  extends  to  the 
southern  confines  of  Pennsylvania ;  and  from  this  point 
south,  it  is  everywhere  abundant,  but  we  did  not  meet  with 
it  east  of  the  Blue  Ridge."  The  Blue  Ridge  forms  our  east- 
ern boundary  line  between  Jefferson  county  and  the  State 
of  Virginia.  Our  State  is  therefore  the  eastern  extension 
of  this  species,  though  it  extends  farther  north  into  Pennsyl- 
vania. 
R.  HispiDA  L.    Bristly  or  Rose  Acacia. 

Rich  soils.     Monongalia :  near  Morgantown ;  near  Cheat 
River.     Preston :  in  Laurel  Hills.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
R.  viscosA  Vent. 

Highlands.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Mertz,  576). 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  287 

ASTRAGALUS  L. 
A.  Carolinianus  L.  (A.  Canadensis  L.). 

River  banks.  Monongalia  :  near  Camp  Eden.  Preston : 
along-  Cheat  River.  Webster :  Long  Glade.  Fayette :  near 
Hawk's  Nest  (James);  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Sum- 
mers :  near  Hinton. 

Specimens  found  by  Mr.  Nuttall  in  his  locality  resemble 
so  completely  Linnaeus'  description  of  A.  Carolinianus — 
which,  however,  is  not  sufificiently  different  from  his  A. 
Canadensis  published  later,  to  consider  these  as  two  spe- 
cies— the  former  must,  theiefore,  take  precedence  and  stand 
for  the  species. 
A.  distortus  T.  &  G. 

Since  the  publication  of  the  Preliminary  Catalogue,  Dr. 
Gamble  has  succeeded  in  securing  fruits  of  this  species,  re- 
ported generically  only  in  that  work.  This  is  the  farthest 
eastern  extension  of  the  species,  which  ranges,  according  to 
the  manual,  from  Illinois  to  Iowa,  Missouri,  Kansas  and 
Texas. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Hopkins;  Gamble) 

STYLOSANTHES  Swartz. 
S.  biflora  (L.),  B.  S.  p.     Pencil  Flower.         (S.  clatior,  Sw.). 
Dry,   open    woods.      Wirt :   near   Burning   Springs.     Up- 
shur :  summit  on   Staunton   Pike.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
Fayette :   rocky    banks    of    New    River    near    Nuttallburg, 
(Nuttall).     Monongalia:  near  Camp  Eden. 
S.  RiPARiA  Kearney.  (S.  procumhens,  Siv.). 

Shores  of  New  River.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
First  report  of  this  species  north  of  Tennessee. 

MEIBOMIA  Heist. 
(Desmodium  Desv.) 

M.  NUDiFLORA  (L.).  Kuntze.     Tick  Tree-foil. 

Rich  woods,  common.  Wood  :  near  Leachtown.  Randolph  : 
on  Point  Mountain.  Webster  :  Buffalo  Bull  Mountain.  Gil- 
mer :  near  Glenville  (Brown).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Preston:  near  Aurora 
Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
M.  PAuciFLORA  (Nutt.)  Kuutze. 

In  woods  along  Laurel  Branch  east  of  Oceana,  Wyoming 

county,  alt.  2,000  feet,  August  22,  1900  (Morris,  1291). 

M.  GRANDiFLORA  (Walt.).  Kuutzc.  D.  acumintwn,  D.  C. 

Rich    woods.      Monongalia  :    Marion :    Preston  :    Wetzel : 

Mineral :  Jefferson  :  Berkeley  and  Calhoun  counties.    Fayette: 


288  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

near  Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Summers :  near  Hinton.     Kanawha :  near  Charleston ;   and 
frequent  throughout  the  State.    Randolph  :  near  Pickens  (H. 
H.  Smith,  1549). 
M.  MiCHAuxii  Vail.     "Hive  Vine."       (D.  rotnndifoliiun,  DC). 
Dry,     rocky    woods.       Monongalia :    near     Morgantown. 
Lewis :    along    Leading    Creek.      Upshur :    near    Lawrence. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  1,500  ft.  (Nuttall). 
M.  ocHROLEUCA  (M.  A.  Curtiss)  Kuntze. 

Mineral :  along  Knobby  Mountains.    Jefferson  :  near  Mill- 
ville. 
M.  CANESCENS  (L.)   Kuntze. 

Open  woods  and  clearings.  Wood :  near  Lockhart's  Run. 
Monongalia  :  campus,  Morgantown.  Summers  :  near  Riffe 
and  Wolf  Creek.  An  abundant  weed.  Fayette:  near  Nut- 
tallburg (Nuttall).  Monroe:  near  Alderson;  the  worst  weed 
in  some  fields.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
M.  BRACTEOSA  (IMichx.)  Kuutze.  (D.  cnspidatum  Hook). 

Thickets.     Monongalia :  along  Decker's  Creek ;   near  the 
mouth  of  Cheat  River.     IMarion :  near  Little  Falls.     Wood : 
near  Kanawha  Station.   Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Summers :  near  Hinton. 
M.  DiLLENii  (Dark)   Kuntze. 

Open  woodlands.  Monongalia,  Wood,  Marion,  Wirt, 
Upshur,  Lewis,  Jefferson,  Berkeley,  Grant  and  Preston  coun- 
ties. Monroe  :  near  Alderson.  Wyoming  :  along  the  Guyan- 
dot  River  near  Baileysville,  a  very  troublesome  weed  in 
fields  (Morris,  1254). 
M.  PANicuLATA  (L.)  Kuntzc. 

Copses.      Wood,    Wirt,    Calhoun    and    Gilmer,    along    the 
Little  Kanawha  River.     Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the 
Monongalia   River.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 
Summers :  near  Hinton. 
M.  Canadensis  (L.)  Kuntze. 

Dry,    but    rich    woodlands.      Monongalia :    at    The    Flats. 
Marion :   near    Opekiska.      Wood :    near    Kanawha    Station. 
Mason :  at  Point  Pleasant. 
M.  laevigata  (Nutt.)  Kuntze. 

In  dry  woods.  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Air.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
M.  rigida  (Ell.)  Kuntze. 

Dry  hillsides.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown  :  on  Dor- 
sey's  Knob.     Mineral :  along  Knobby  Mts.     Marion :  oppo- 
site Montana.    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts,  628). 
M.  OBTUSA  (Muhl.)  Vail.  (D.  ciliare  DC). 

Dry  hillsides.  Monongalia:  Cheat  View,  Little  Falls, 
Beechwoods.  Marion  :  near  Houghtown.  Lewis  :  near  Wes- 
ton.    Upshur :  near  Buckhannon. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  289 

M.  Marilandica  (L.)  Kuntze. 

Copses.      Grant :    near    Bayard.      Mineral :    near    Keyser. 
Berkeley  :  North  Mountain.     Morgan  :  near  Hancock.     Jef- 
ferson :  Shenandoah  Jc.     Summers :  near  Hinton. 
M.  arenicola  Vail.  (D.  lineatum  DC). 

Dry  soils.  Jefferson:  near  Shenandale  Springs.  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Mapcl). 

LESPEDEZA  Michx. 

L.  repens  (L.)  Bart.     Bush  Clover. 

Dry,  sandy  soils.  Monongalia  :  hills  near  The  Flats ;  banks 
of  the  Monongalia  below  Dille's.  Wood :  near  Kanawha 
Station.  Kanawha:  Charleston  (James).  Summers:  near 
Hinton.  Ohio:  near  WheeHng  {Mertz  635).  Jefferson: 
near  Harper's  Ferry  {Mertz). 
L.  vioLACEA  (L.)  Pers. 

Dry    copses.      Monongalia :    near    Morgantown.      Wood : 
near  Parkersburg.     Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.     Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 
L.  Virginica  (L.)  Britt. 

River  shores.     Summers :  near  Hinton,  along  New  River. 
L.  Stuvei  Nutt. 

Mountain  sides.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
L.  frutescens  (L.)  Britton.        (L.  Stuvei  intermedia  et  reticu- 
lata Wats.). 

River  banks.   Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  along  New  River, 
plentiful  (Nuttall). 
L.  HiRTA  (L.)  Ell.  (L.  polystachya  Michx.). 

Dry    opens.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg,    alt.    2,000    ft. 
(Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
L.  CAPITATA  Michx. 

Dry  sandy  soil.     Ohio :  River  banks,   frequent.     Monon- 
galia :    near    Morgantown.      Marion :    near    Catawba,    and 
Houghtown. 
L.  STRIATA  (Thunb).    Hook  &  Arn.     Japanese  Clover. 

Dry,  red  soils.  Spreading  profusely  along  the  C.  &  O. 
R.  R.  in  Kanawha,  Putnam  and  Cabell  counties. 

VICIA  L. 

V.  Carolinana  Walt.     Carolina  Vetch  or  Tare. 

River  banks  and  edges  of  glades.  Webster  :  Welsh  Glade ; 
island  in  Long  Glade.  Wood :  shores  erf  Little  Kanawha 
River.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (iVi«^ to//).  Monongalia  :  near  Cassville.  Green- 
brier Co.,  Kate's  Mountain,  White  Sulphur  Springs,  alt.  3,000 
ft.  (Small;  Eggleston  4349). 


290  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

LATHYRUS  L. 
L.  VENOsus  Muhl. 

Shady  banks.  Mineral :  banks  of  the  Potomac  near  Key- 
ser.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  a  form  10-15  flowered,  with 
winged  stem  and  stipules  3-15  lines  long  (Nutiall)  Greenbrier 
Co.,  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small;  Egglcston  4357; 
Heller  828). 
L.  LATiFOLius  Linn. 

Established  on  the  University  campus  at  ^lorgantown, 
Monongalia  Co.     (Sheldon  3597,  July  1909.) 

FALCATA  Gmel. 

F.  coMOSA   (L.)    Kuntze.  (Amphicarpa  monoica  Ell.). 

Rich,  damp  thickets.  Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the 
Monongahela  River.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

APIOS  Moench. 
A.  Apios  (L.)  MacM.    Ground  Nut.  (A.  tiiberosa  ]\Ioen.). 

Low  grounds  along  streams.  Frequent  throughout  the 
State.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  not  common  (Nuttall). 

GALACTTA  P.  Br. 

G.  REGULARIS    (L.)    B.    S.   P. 

Fayette :  near  Quinnimont  on  bottom  lands  of  New  River 
(Pollard  &  Maxon  29). 

PHASEOLUS  L. 
P.  POLYSTACHYUS  (L.)  B.  S.  P.  Wild  Kidney  Bean.     (P.  peren- 
nis  Walt.). 

Copses.  Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Monongalia : 
near  Morgantown.     Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 

STROPHOSTYLES  Ell. 

S.  HELvoLA  (L.)  Britton.  (Pliaseolits  helvoliis  L.). 

Sandy  river  banks.     Mason  :  banks  of  the  Ohio  near  Point 

Pleasant.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  with  the  inner  surface 

of  the  petals  pink  (Nuttall)  ;  Quinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon 

G  E  R  I  A  N  I  A  C  AE. 

GERANIUM  L. 
G.  MAcuLATUM  L.     Wild  Geranium. 

Open  woods  and  clearings,  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
A  small  form  with  leaves  round  in  outline  and  from  1-2  in. 
in  diameter  at  Bluefield,  Mercer  county. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  29I 

G.  RoBERTiANUM  L.    Herb  Robert. 

Rocks  of  cool,  shaded  ravines,  rare.     Marion :  near  Fair- 
mont.   Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
G.  Carolinianum  L.     Cranesbill. 

Fields,  meadows  and  waste  places.  Mercer :  near  Ingle- 
side.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nnttall).  Kanawha:  near 
Charleston  {Barnes).  Monogalia :  on  the  University  Cam- 
pus ;  and  frequent  throughout  the  State. 


O  X  A  L  I  D  A  C  E  AE. 

OXALIS  L. 

O.  AcETOSELLA  L.     Wood  Sorrcl. 

Deep,  rich,  mountain  woods.  Randolph  :  on  Point  Moun- 
tain ;  Cheat  Mountain  near  Cheat  Bridge,  where  this  species 
grows  in  such  profusion  as  to  actually  carpet  the  Spruce 
forests.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker :  near  Davis ;  and 
Land  of  Canaan.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (Af  «/><?/).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

O.    VIOLACEA  L. 

Rich,  cool  woods.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain.  Mon- 
ongalia :  up  Falling  Run ;  at  Uffington  and  Little  Falls. 
Marion  :  near  Beechwoods  ;  Opekiska  and  Catawba.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare 
{Nuttall).  Lewis:  near  Lorentz  {Pollock).  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  {Gamble).  Mercer:  near  Beaver  Spring. 
O.  STRicTA  L.     Sheep  Sorrel. 

Fields,     cultivated    grounds     and     roadsides.       Common 
throughout  the  State. 
O.   RECURVA  Ell. 

Open  places.     P'ayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  common  {Nutt- 
all). 
O.  cvMGSA  Small. 

In  woods  and  opens.  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

O.  FiLiPES  Small. 

Monongalia:  common  about  ]\[organtown   {Sheldon). 
O.  GRANDis  Small. 

Monongalia :  along  the  railroad  south,  of  ^vlorgantown 
{Sheldon  1392). 


292  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

L  I  N  A  C  E  AE. 
LINUM  L. 

L.  Virgin [ANUM  L.     Wild  Flax. 

Open  woods,  borders  and  roadsides.  Wood.  Wirt,  Cal- 
houn, Gilmer,  Lewis  and  Upshur.  Randolph :  along  Ty- 
gart's  Valley  River.  Webster  and  Nicholas ;  near  Richwood 
{H.  H.  Smith  1740).  Kanawha:  near  Peabody;  near  Coal- 
burgh  (James).  Jackson,  Monongalia,  and  Preston.  Fay- 
ette: near  Gauley  Bridge;  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James); 
near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston 
(James). 

L.   STRIATUM  Walt. 

Damp  places.  Webster :  in  Upper  and  Long  Glades 
Preston  :  in  glades  near  Terra  Alta  and  Reedsville  (Mills- 
paugJi)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg,  in  sphagnous  bog  (Niittall).  Monongalia:  at 
Camp  Eden. 

L.  usiTATissiMUM  L.     Flax. 

An  uncommon  adventive.  P'avette :  along  the  C.  &  O. 
R.  R.,  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall). 


RUTACEAE. 

XANTHOXYLUM  L. 

X.  Americanum  Mill.     Prickly  Ash.    Toothache-tree. 

Rocky  woods,  becoming  rare.  Jefferson :  near  Flowing 
Spring.  Monongalia  :  Decker's  Creek.  Taylor  :  along  Cheat 
River. 

RUTA  L. 
R.  graveolens  L.    Rue. 

Escaped  from  gardens.  Randolph :  on  Point  ^Mountain 
along  the  road  about  half  way  to  the  summit. 

PTELEA  L. 
P.  TRiFOLiATA  L.    Wafer  Ash.    Hop-tree. 

River  banks.  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Merts  & 
Gnttenherg)y  Hancock:  along  Oak  Run.  Brooke:  on  Short 
Creek.  Summers :  on  banks  of  New  River,  near  Hamilton, 
common. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  20? 

SIMARUBACEAE. 

AILANTHUS  Desf. 

A.  GLANDULosA  Desf.    Tree  of  Heaven. 

Naturalized  from  China.  The  seedino-in  of  this  culti- 
vated species  IS  so  profuse  in  the  following  localities  as  to 
render  it  a  great  nuisance.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown 
Gilmer:  De  Kalb  P.  O.  Lewis:  near  Weston.  Kanawha! 
at  Focotahgo.  Jackson  :  near  Sandyville.  Marion  :  Fairmont 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapd).  Jefferson:  near  Harper's 
i^erry,  and  Charlestovvn. 


POLYGALACEAE. 

POLYGALA  L. 

P.  viRiDESCENS  L     Red  Milkwort.  (p.  sang^dnea  L.). 

Sandy  fie  ds.     Wood:  near  Kanawha  Station.     Webster- 

mFF^'uk    ^      1    Preston:  near  Terra  Alta.     Fayette:   near 

^mT^^T  'c;  '';T  ft.  {mtttall).     Preston:  near  Aurora 

(Mr.  dr-  Mrs.  Steele). 

Forma,  albiflora  Wheelock. 

In  the  glades  of  Webster  and  Preston  counties 
P.  Mariana  Mil  ox    ,.   .  ,     ^.^ 

r>.  ,  T^  P-  fasttgtata  Nutt. 

Damp  places.    Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta 
P.  CuRTissii  Gray. 

Glady  spots.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall) 
P.  CRuciATA  L.    Cross  Milkwort. 

Margins  of  Glades.  Preston :  near  Reedsville.  Webster- 
Upper  Glade.  * 

P.  VERTiciLLATA  L.  Whorled  Milkwort. 

Dry  places.  Wirt:  near  Burning  Springs.  Lewis-  near 
Leading  Creek.  Upshur:  near  Buckdiannon.  Summers' 
near  Hinton.  ^uininers. 

P.    AMBIGUA    Nutt. 

Dry  soils.  Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run.  Wirt :  near  Eliza- 
beth. Calhoun:  on  Nigh-Cut  Hill.  Monongalia:  hills  below 
Morgantown  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall)  Pres- 
^on-.Amorsi  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele)  ^ 

P.    NUTTALLII  T.   &  G. 

{NlZliy'  ^^''''^'-    ^'■''"'  '■  "'"'  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft. 
P.  Senega  L.    Seneca  Snake-root. 

Rocky    soils    and    rich    bottoms.      Mineral:    near    Kevser 


294  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

(  Workman).    Webster  :  in  Welsh,  Long  and  Collett's  glades. 
Preston:  Reedsville  glade.     (Long  glade  is  said  to  be  white 
with  this  species  when  it  is  in  bloom.) 
P.  PAUciFOLiA  Willd.     Fringed  Polygala. 

Rocky  woods.  Mineral :  near  Keyser  along  the  Knobby 
Mountains  {Workman).  Hardy:  near  Moorefieid  {Gamble.) 
Greenbrier  Co.,  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.   {Small). 


E  U  P  H  O  R  B  I  A  C  E  AE. 

CHAMAESYCE  S.  F.  Gray. 

C.    GLYSTOPERMA    PUBESCENS    (Engelm.).     {Eiiplwrbia  glyptos- 
pcrma  piihescens  Englm.). 

Sandy  soil.     Mason :  banks  of  the  Ohio  river,  near  Point 
Pleasant.     The  only  station  so  far  known  in  the  State. 
C.  MAcuLATA  (L.)  Small.     Spotted  Spurge.     {Euphorbia  macu- 
laia  L.). 

Arid  soils.  Common  even  in  the  higher  Alleghanies. 
Mineral  Co.,  opposite  Cumberland,  Md.  {Small).  Tucker: 
near  Parsons  {Greenman). 

C.  Preslii  (Guss.)  Arthur.  {Euphorbia  Preslii  Guss.). 

Dry  soils  and  pastures.  Common  throughout  the  State, 
even  in  the  higher  Alleghanies.  Tucker :  near  Parsons  and 
Hendricks  ( Greenman ) . 

DICHROPHYLLUM.    Kl.  &  Garcke. 

D.  MARGINATUM  (Pursh.)  Kl.  &  Garckc.     {Euphorbia  marginata 

Pursh.). 

An  escape  from  cultivation.  Taylor :  permanently  estab- 
lished near  Mannington  {Mapcl).  Monongalia:  the  Flats 
near  Morgantown. 

TITHYMALOPSIS  Kl.  &  Garcke. 

T.  coROLLATA     (L.)    Small.      Flowering    Spurge.       {Euphorbia 
coroUata  L.). 

Dry  soils.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Lewis  :  along  Leading 
Creek.  Upshur :  near  Laurentz.  Randolph  :  on  Lone  Sugar 
Knob,  alt.  2,800  ft.  Webster :  Long  Glade.  Nicholas : 
Mumble-the-peg  Creek.  Kanawha :  along  8-Mile  Creek  • 
near  Pocataligo.  Jackson  :  Fisher's  Point.  Wood  :  on  Lime- 
stone Ridge.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nutfall).  Grant:  near  Bayard.  Monon- 
galia :  plentiful  along  Cheat  River,  near  Camp  Eden.  Green- 
brier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.    Monroe  :  near  Alderson. 


WEST    \IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  295 

Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Bar- 
bour :  near  Tygart  junction;  and  Tucker  near  Parsons 
(Grccnmaii). 

POINSETTIA  R.  Grab. 
P.  DENTATA  (Micbx.).  Small.  (Euphorbia  dcntata  Micbx.). 

Ricb  soil.     Obio  :  near  Wheeling. 

TITPIYMALUS  Adans. 
T.  Darlingtonii( Gray)  Small.  {Euphorbia  Darlingtonii  A.Gray). 
Damp   woods.    Pocahontas:   along  the   mountains    {Hop- 
kins). Randolph:  Blister  Swamp  near  Gandy  Creek  {Green- 
man). 
T.  OBTUSATUS  (Pursh.)   Small.         (Euphorbia  obtitsata  Pursh.). 
Rich  soil.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Gntfeuberg). 
T.  Cyparissias     (L.)      Hill.     "Grave-yard-weed."     (Euphorbia 
Cyparissias  L.). 

A   frequent   escape   from   cemeteries.      Monongalia :   near 
IMorgantown.     Cabell :  near  Huntington. 
T.  COMMUTATUS   (Englm.).  Kl.  &  Garcke.    (Euphorbia  coiniiiu- 
tata  Englm.). 

Woodlands.  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  (Merts  & 
Guttenberg)  ;  near  Shepberdstown.  Mineral:  near  Keyser 
(Workman)  along  Knobby  Mountains.  Summers:  near 
Hinton,  abundant.  Hardy:  near  ]\foorefield  (Gamble). 
Hampshire :  near  Romney. 
T.  Lathyrus  (L.)  Hill.  "Mole-weed."  ( Euphorbia  Latli\rus  h.). 
Escaped  from  gardens,  where  it  is  cultivated  with  the 
idea  of  keeping  out  moles.  Randolph :  roadside  up  Point 
Mountain. 

ACALYPHA  L. 

A.    \'lRGINICA    L. 

Fields  and  waste  places.    Common  throughout  the  State. 
forma  intermedia  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  436. 

A  form  apparently  uniting  A.  Mrginica,  L.  with  A.  Caro- 
liniana,  Ell.  especially  in  the  matter  of  leaves  and  bracts,  is 
found  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuftall),  and  Hawk's  Nest;  as  well 
as  along  New  River  opposite  Hinton. 

PHYLLANTHUS  Linn. 
P.  Carolinensis  \\'alt. 

Dry  situations.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant  (Sheldon 
IQ40). 


296  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CALLITRICHACEAE. 
CALLITRICHE  Linn. 

C.    HETEROPHYLLA  Pursh. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

EMPETRACEAE. 

[CoREMA  CoNRADi,  ToiT.,  mentioned  in  Botanical 
Gazette,  Vol.  2,  P.  136,  as  occurring  near  Hawk's  Nest, 
Fayette  Co.,  is  proven  by  Prof.  James  to  be  another 
plant,  it  should  therefore  not  yet  be  credited  to  this 
State.] 

B  U  X  A  C  E  AE. 

PACHYSANDRA  Michx. 

P.   PROCUMBENS   Michx. 

Credited  to  West  Virginia  in  Britton  &  Brown,  Illustrated 
Flora,  vol.  2,  p.  384.  I  have  not  seen  the  specimen  authen- 
ticating this  reference. 

LIMNANTHACEAE. 

FLOERKEA  Willd. 

F.  PROSERPiNACOiDES  Willd.     False  Mermaid. 

Wet  places.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Marts  &  Guttenberg), 
Preston :  glades  near  Terra  Alta.  Lewis :  near  Lorentz 
(Pollock)^ 

ANACARDIAC  EAE. 
RHUS  L. 

R.  HiRTA  (L.)  Sudw.    Staghorn  Sumach.  (R.  typhina  L.). 

Dry  hillsides.  Gilmer :  DeKalb  Postofifice ;  near  Glenville 
(Mapel).  Monongalia  :  near  Stewartstown.  Summers  :  near 
Hinton.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Randolph: 
near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1376).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

During  the  season  of  1890  to  1891  hundreds  of  plants  of 
this  species  were  noted  in  Monongalia  county  to  have  the 
inflorescence  reverted  to  leaves,  making  a  strikmgly  beauti- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  297 

ful  proliferation  when  young.  This  effect,  according  to  Dr. 
Britton,  formed  the  type  of  the  Linnsean  species,  Datisca 
hirta  (L.  Sp.  PI.  1037)  collected  by  Kalm  near  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

R.  GLABRA  L.  Smooth  Sumach. 

Frequent  or  very  common  in  all  parts  of  the  State,  in  rocky 
or  barren  soils.  Randolph :  Point  Mountain,  alt.  2,200  ft. ; 
Cheat  Mountains,  alt.  2,700-3,600  ft.  Cabell :  near  Barbours- 
ville  (James).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Fayette :  near  Nut- 
tallburg,  not  common  (Ntittall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield 
(Gamble). 

R.  coPALLiNA  L.    Dwarf  Sumach. 

Dry  fields  and  rocky  places.  Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run, 
plentiful.  Webster:  Buffalo  Bull  Mountains,  alt.  2,575  ^t. 
Randolph:  Cheat  Mountains,  alt.  3,200  ft.;  near  Hodam  (H. 
H.  Smith  1527).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Air.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Monongalia  :  near  Ice's  Ferry.  Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.,  common  (Nnttall)  ;  and  frequent 
throughout  the  State.  Mercer :  Beaver  Springs  and  Ingle- 
side. 

R.  VERNix  L.  Poison  Sumach.  Poison  Elder.    (R.  venenata  DC.) 
Swampy    places.      Randolph :    Stalnaker    Run.      Preston : 
near  Terra  Alta,  infrequent. 

R.  RADicANS  L.     Poison  Vine.     Poison  Ivy.     Including  (R.  toxi- 
codendron L.). 

Thickets  and  low  grounds,  very  common  throughout  the 
State.  Monongalia :  abundant  everywhere  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  streams.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull  Mountains,  alt. 
2,100  ft.  (Millspangh)  ;  Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  Smith  1532). 
Kanawha:  Pocotaligo.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hin- 
ton. Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Mercer  :  Princeton,  near 
Ingleside  and  Wills.. 

R.  AROMATiCA  Ait.    Fragrant  Sumach.     (R.  canadensis  Marsh.). 
Dry  or  stony  soils.     Brooke :  roadside  between  Wellsburg 
and  Bethany  College  (Merts  &  Guttenberg).    Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble). 

COTINUS  Adans. 
C.  coTiNoiDES  (Nutt.)   Britton.  (Rhus  cotinoides  Nutt.). 

Established  near  Morgantown,  Monongalia  Co.  (Sheldon.) 


298  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

A  Q  U  I  F  O  L  I  A  C  E  AE. 
ILEX  L. 

I.  OPACA  Ait.    American  Holly. 

Moist  woodlands.  Marion :  near  Nuzums.  Randolph : 
near  Rich  Mountains  and  Laurel  Hills.  Kanawha:  near 
Charleston  (Barnes).  Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest,  large 
trees  8-12  inches  in  diameter  (Porter;  Holton)  ;  Nuttallburg, 
in  moist  woods  common  (Nuttall).  McDowell:  near  Elk- 
horn.  Upshur:  near  Newlin  (H.  H.  Smith  1769);  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

1.  MONTicoLA  Gray. 

Damp  woods.  Randolph :  near  summit  of  Point  Moun- 
tain ;  Rich  Mountain,  near  Lone  Sugar  Knob ;  Cheat  Moun- 
tain, near  "The  Battle  Field."  Kanawha :  near  Charleston 
(James).  Upshur:  near  Newlin  (H.  H.  Smith  1762)  ;  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Randolph:  dry  banks  of  Tygarts  Valley  River  near 
Huttonsville   (Greenman  137). 

L  MOLLIS  Gray. 

Deep  woods.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

1.  VERTiciLLATA   (L.)   Gray.     Black  Alder.     Winterberry. 

Frequent  in  swampy  places,  throughout  the  central  and 
northern  counties.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
near  Thurmond  (Eggleston  5562).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Pocahontas  :  near  Durbin  (Greenman 
136).     Upshur:  uear  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

ILICIOIDES  Dumort. 
L  MUCRONATA  (L.)  Britton.     (Vaccininm  L.,  Nemopanthes  fas- 
cicularis  Raf.) 

Pendleton  :  summit  of  Spruce  Knob ;  Preston :  at  Cranes- 
ville;  Pocahontas  :  head  of  Greenbrier  River  (Brooks).  Ran- 
dolph :  in  Blister  Swamp  near  Gandy  Creek  (Greenman  154)- 


CELASTRACEAE. 

EUONYMUS  L. 

ATROPURPUREUS  Jacq.     Burning  Bush. 

,  Margins  of  woods  and  thickets.  Jackson :  near  Sandy- 
ville.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Randolph:  banks  of 
Tygarts  River  ;  near  Huttonsville  (Greenman  174).  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  299 

E.  Americanus  L.     Strawberry  Bush. 

Rocky,  wooded  river  banks.  Fayette :  along-  the  Great 
Kanawha  River,  below  Gauley  Bridge ;  near  Nutallburg,  com- 
mon (Niittall).  Kanawha:  near  the  Salinas  (Holton). 
E.  OBOVATUS  Nutt.  (E.  Americanus  var.  ohovatus  T.  &  Gray). 
Of  this  species  Rev.  A.  Boiitlou  says:  "In  Marshall  Co., 
at  Board  Tree,  Cameron,  Belton,  etc.,  this  is  the  most  com- 
mon form ;  while  the  trailing  rooting  form  I  have  met  almost 
everywhere  I  have  been  in  the  State.' 

PACHYSTIMA  Raf. 

P.  Canbyi  a.  Gray. 

Credited  to  West  Virginia  in  Britton  &  Brown,  Illustrated 
Flora,  vol.  2,  p.  395.  I  have  not  seen  the  specimen  authen- 
ticating this  reference. 

CALASTRUS  L. 
C.  SCANDENS  L.     Climbing  Bitter-sweet.     Wax-work. 

Thickets,  fence  rows  and  along  streams,  frequent.  Wood : 
near  Limestone  Ridge.  Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the 
Monongahela  River.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 


STAPHYLEACEAE. 

STAPHYLEA  L. 

S.  TRiFOLiA  L.     Bladder-nut. 

Rocky  woods,  thickets  and  opens.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown  and  Stumptown.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Up- 
shur: near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Jefferson:  at  Harpers 
Ferry  (Greene). 

A  C  E  R  A  C  E  AE. 

ACER  L. 

A.  Pennsylvanicum  L.     Striped  Maple. 

Rich,  cool  woods.  Randolph  :  on  Point  Mountain ;  Staun- 
ton Pike  on  Cheat  Mountain.  Webster:  on  Buffalo  Bull 
Mountain.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker :  on  Blackwater 
Fork  of  Cheat.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  and 
elsewhere  in  the  mountains.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

Although  in  most  situations  in  the  State  this  species  is  a 


300  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

mere  shrub,  yet  near  Welsh  in  Grant  Co.  it  assumes  the  pro- 
portions of  a  beautiful  tree  20  to  40  ft.  high  with  a  strict 
columnar  trunk  5  to  8  inches  in  diameter  (Millspaugh). 
Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Mountain,  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  alt.  3,300  ft.  {Small;  Heller  827). 

A.  spiCATUM  Lam.     Mountain  Maple. 

Same  localities  as  previous  species,  except  Fayette,  but 
more  plentiful  where  found.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.  Preston :  near 
Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Pocahontas:  {Pollock). 

A.  Saccharum  Marsh.    Sugar  Maple.   {A.  saccharinum,  Wang., 
notL.). 

Plentiful  throughout  the  State,  especially,  however,  in  the 
central  counties.  Randolph :  Summit  Point  Mountain,  alt. 
3,700  ft.  Webster :  Bulfalo  Bull  Range,  alt.  27-3,600  ft.  In 
Randolph  Co.,  near  Pickens,  the  sugar  maple  grows  to  a 
diameter  of  2  to  4  ft.,  and  a  height  of  50  to  70  ft.  {Mills- 
paugh). 

A.  NIGRUM  Michx.     Black  Sugar  Maple. 

With  the  preceding,  and  almost  as  plentiful. 

A.  SACCHARINUM  L.    White  or  Silver  Maple.     {A.  dasycarpum, 
Ehrh.). 

Banks  of  Little  Kanawha :  Gauley  River :  Great  Kanawha, 
and  Ohio.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall);  and  else- 
where frequent.  Large  trees  2  to  4  ft.  in  diameter  in  Ran- 
dolph Co.,  near  Pickens.  At  one  station  in  Webster  Co.,  on 
Buffalo  Bull  Mountain,  nearly  every  tree  of  this  species  is 
of  the  Bird's-eye  type  {Millspaugh). 

A.  RUBRUM  L.    Red  or  Swamp  Maple. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  where  it  grows  upon  the 
hills  and  in  the  mountains,  as  well  as  in  low  places.  Wood : 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Kanawha  {Michaux). 

A.  Negundo  L.   Box  Elder,  Ash-leaved  Maple. 

Common  near  rivers  throughout  the  northern  and  middle 
counties.  Lewis:  along  Leading  Creek  {Millspaugh,  Pol- 
lock). Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Summers:  near 
Hinton.  Berkeley  :  near  Martinsburg.  Plardy  :  near  Moore- 
field  {Gamble).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
Wood:  near  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Kanawha  {Michaux) 

SAPINDACEaE, 

AESCULUS  L. 
Ae.  glabra  Willd.    Ohio  or  Fetid  Buckeye. 

Low  lands  near  streams.  Wirt :  along  Straight  Creek. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Broini).  Along  the  Ohio  River, 
common.    Monongalia  :  near  Uffington. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3OI 

Ae.  octandra  Marsh.     Sweet  Buckeye.  (Ae.  flava,  Ait.). 

Rich  mountain  woods.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull  Mountains, 
alt.  2,100  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Lewis:  nea*" 
Weston  (H.  H.  Smith  1751).  Wood:  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Little  Kanawha  (Michaux).  Mercer:  near  Ingleside  {Mills- 
paugJi  1468).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Kanawha:  near 
Charleston  and  Handley.  Marion :  near  Worthington.  An 
immense  tree  of  this  species,  measuring  twenty  feet  in  cir- 
cumference at  the  ground,  twelve  feet  at  the  height  of  one's 
shoulder,  and  nearly  if  not  quite  one  hundred  feet  high, 
stood  by  the  bank  of  Dry  Fork  above  Peeryville,  McDowell 
County  {Morris).  Randolph:  along  Tygarts  Valley  River 
above  Huttonsville   (Grccniiiaii  196). 

Var.  HYBRiDA  (DC)  Sarg.  (var.  purpitrasccns  Gray) 

Woodlands.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuftall). 

Ae.  Pavia  L. 

Rich  lands  along  streams.  McDowell :  along  Tug  Fork 
near  Elkhorn. 

B  A  L  S  A  M  I  N  A  C  E  AE. 

IMPATIENS  L. 

L  AUREA,  Muhl.     Pale  Touch-me-not.  (/.  pallida,  Nutt.). 

Rich  soils  near  streamlets.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma- 
pel). Kanawha:  near  Charleston.  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuftall)  ;  and  common  throughout  the  State.  Also 
common  in  the  deep,  primitive  forests  along  spring  runs. 
Randolph  :  on  Rich  and  Cheat  Mountains.  Grant :  near  Bay- 
ard. Tucker:  along  the  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat  (Mills- 
paugh)  ;  vicinity  of  Parsons  (Grecnman  151).  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

I.  BiFLORA  Walt.    Spotted  Touch-me-not.  (/.  fulva  Nutt.) 

Shady,   moist   places,   more   common    than   the   preceding 
species  and  generally  seeking  lower  altitudes   (Millspaugh) 
Tucker:  near  Hendricks   (Greenman   150). 

R  H  A  M  N  A  C  E  AE. 
RHAMNUS  L. 

R.    LANCEOLATA   Pursh. 

In    moist    soil.      Hampshire :    at    Little    Cacapon,    rare 
(Brooks). 
R.  ALNiFOLiA  L'Her. 

In  swampy  places.  Head  of  East  Fork  Greenbrier  River 
(Brooks). 


302  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

R.  Caroliniana  Walt. 

McDowell :  alono-  Tug  Fork  of  the  Big-  Sand)^  River  near 
Elkhorn ;  at  Welch,  along  the  same  stream. 

CEANOTHUS  L. 
C.  Americanus  L.     New  Jersey  Tea. 

Dry  open  woods.  Upshur :  summit  on  Staunton  Pike 
{Millspatigh,  Pollock).  Jackson:  Sandyville.  Gilmer: 
Glenville  \Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Hady :  near  Moorefield. 


V  I  T  A  C  E  AE, 
VITIS  L. 

V.  Labrusca  L.     Northern  Fox-grape. 

Damp,  rich  thickets.  Randolph :  near  Valley  Head. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Mapcl).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 

An   immense  specimen  of  this  grape  was  found  in  Ran- 
dolph Co.,  near   Pickens ;   its  trunk  measured  22  inches  in 
diameter  and  its  two  main   branches  8  inches  each   {Mills- 
paugli). 
V.  AESTIVALIS  Michx.     Summer  Grape. 

Thickets.      Wirt :   along   Straight   Creek.      Randolph :   on 
Point     Mountain.       Fayette :     near     Nuttallburg,     common 
(Nuttall).     Summers:   near  Hinton. 
V.  coRDiFOLiA  Michx.     Frost  Grape. 

Thickets  and  banks  of  streams.  Wirt :  along  Straight 
Creek.  Randolph  :  at  Valley  Head ;  along  Point  Mountain 
Road.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg.  common  (Nuttall).  Sum- 
mers :  near  Hinton.    Kanawha  :  near  Charleston. 

V.   VULPINA   L. 

Banks  of  streams.     Randolph  :  near  Valley  Head ;   Point 
Mountain  Road.     Summers  :  near  Hinton.    Jefiferson  :  Shen- 
andoah Jc. 
V.  BicoLOR  LeConte.     Winter  Grape. 

Rich    woods,    W^ebster:    Hacker    Valley    (H.    H.    Smith 

1592)- 
V.  RUPESTRis  Scheele,    Sand  Grape.    Sugar  Grape. 

Rocky  banks  of  New  River  in   Fayette  near  Nutallburg, 
plentiful  (Nuttall). 
V.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  Michx.     Muscaduic.     Southern  Fox  Grape. 

Rich  river  banks.  Randolph  :  near  Valley  Head.  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg,  rare,  on  mountain  side  climbing  over 
trees  (Nuttall).     Summers:  near  Hinton, 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  303 

AMPELOPSIS  Michx. 
(Cissus  Pers.). 

A.  coRDATA- Michx.  (Vitis  indivisa  Willd.). 

River  banks.     Ohio:   near  Wheehng    {Merts  &  Gutten- 
berg).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 
A.  TRicuspiDATA  Sicb.  &  Zucc. 

EstabHshed  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  {Shel- 
don). 

PARTHENOCISSUS  Planch. 
P.  QuiNQUEFOLiA    (L).    Planch.     Virginia   Creeper.      American 
Ivy.     {Ampelopsis  quinquefolia  Michx.). 

Woods  and  thickets.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma pel). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Webster:  at  Hacker 
Valley  (H.  H.  Smith  1591).  Randolph:  along  Tygarts  Val- 
ley River  near  Huttonsville  {Grcenman  163)  ;  and  common 
throughout  the  State. 

TILIACEAE. 

TILIA  L. 
T.  Americana  L.     Linden.     Basswood. 

Rich  woods.  Gilmer :  at  DeKalb  P.  O.  Randolph :  on 
Point  Mountain.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  MonongaHa :  near 
Morgantown,  Uffington  and  Little  Falls.  Mason :  near  Point 
Pleasant.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.  Large  growths  of  this 
species  found  at  Pickens,  Randolph  Co.,  with  trunk  diame- 
ters of  26  to  38  inches,  and  height  60  to  100  feet  (Mills- 
paitgh).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (NiittaU). 
T.  heteropiiylla  Vent.     White  Basswood.    Lin." 

Deep  woods.  Jefferson :  near  Charlestown,  near  Flowing 
Spring  Mill.  One  specimen  cut  at  Nuttallburg,  Fayette 
County,  had  a  diameter  of  26  inches  (Mills faugh;  Nuttall). 
Pocahontas:  valley  of  the  East  Fork  of  Greenbrier  River 
(Grcenman  194). 
T,  MicHAuxii  Nutt. 

Deep  woods,  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1288, 
1342).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon   (Pollock). 

M  A  L  V  A  C  E  AE. 

ALTHAEA  L. 
A.  ROSEA  Cav.     Hollyhock. 

Appears  annually  along  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  tracks  in 
Berkeley:  near  North  Mountain,  apparently  a  thorough 
establishment. 


304  ■  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

MALVA  L. 
M.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  L.     Common  Mallow. 

Cultivated  grounds  and  waysides,  a  common  weed. 
M.  MoscHATA  L.     Muck  Mallow. 

Roadsides  and  meadows  escaped  from  cultivation.  Lewis : 
along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Upshur :  near  Lorentz.  Monon- 
galia:  near  Morgantown.  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H. 
Smith  1540,  1541).     Kanawha:  at  the  Salinas  (Holton). 

SIDA  L. 

S.    SPINOSA   L. 

Waste   grounds  and   fields.      Monongalia :   near   Morgan- 
town,  common.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ;  near 
Guyandot  (Holton).     Jefferson:  near  Shepherdstown.     Ma- 
son :  near  Pointy  Pleasant. 
S.  HERMAPHRODiTA  ( L. )  Rusby  (S.  NapQca  Cav.). 

Rocky  banks  along  the  Great  Kanawha  River.  Kanawha : 
opposite  Cannelton.  Fayette :  Quinnimont ;  near  Nuttall- 
burg, frequent  and  always  with  8  carpels  (Nuttall).  Mason: 
near  Point  Pleasant. 

ABUTILON  Gaertn. 
A.  Abutilon    (L.)    Rusby.      Indian    Mallow.     American   Jute. 
(A.  avicennae  Gaertn.). 

A  too  common  weed  in  waste  and  cultivated  soils.  Mon- 
ongalia, Wood,  Wirt,  Calhoun;  Mason:  near  Point  Pleas- 
ant; near  Brighton.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg,  a  very  bad  weed. 

HIBISCUS  L. 
H.  MoscHEUTOs  L.     Swamp  Rose  Mallow. 

Brackish,    marshy   places,    and    ditches    near    salt    works. 
Mason :  near  Point   Pleasant.     Kanawha :   near  Charleston. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).    The  pink  form,  Jack- 
son :  near  Sandyville.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 
H.  Trionum  L.    Bladder  Ketmia. 

Cultivated  grounds.  Monongalia :  a  weed  in  the  Station 
experimental  plats. 

HYPERICACEAE. 

ASCYRUM  L. 

A.  HYPERicoiDES  L.    St.  Andrew's  Cross.    (A.  Crux-Andreae'L.). 

Dry  sandy  places.     Upshur :   summit   of   Staunton   Pike. 

Randolph :   Rich   Mountains ;  along  Tygart's  Valley   River. 

Fayette:  near  Gauley  Bridge:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

Cabell:  near  Barboursville  (James). 


WEST    \IRGIM.\    GliOLOGTCAL    SURVEY  3O5 

HYPERICUM  L. 

H.    PROLIFICUM   L. 

Glade   regions.     Webster:   I'pper   Glade.      Preston:  neai 
Reedsville.    Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).     Fayette:  near 
Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
H.  DENSiFLORUM  Pursli.     Shrubby  St.  John's  Wort. 

Glade  regions  and  moist  meadows.  Wood  :  near  Lock- 
hart's  Run.  Webster :  in  the  glades.  Preston  :  Terra  Alta, 
and  Reedsville  glades.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (j\Ir.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Pocahontas: 
near  Durbin  (Greenman  316). 

H.    VIRGATUM   ACUTIFOLIUM    Coulter. 

Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest    (Porter):  near   Nuttallburg 
(Nnttall). 
H.  PERFORATUM  L.     St.  John's  Wort.     "St.  John." 

Fields  and  roadsides.     Randolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley 
River.    Monongalia,  Marion,  Preston,  Grant :  near  Bayard. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nnttall).   Not  yet  very  plentiful 
in  the  State. 
H.  MACULATUM  Walt.     Spotted  St.  John's  Wort. 

Glade  regions  and  wet  places.  Wood :  near  Kanawha 
Station.  Wwi :  near  Elizabeth.  Preston :  near  Reedsville 
and  Terra  Alta  (Alillspangh)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).  Webster:  Upper,  Long,  and  Welsh  Glades.  Fay- 
ette: near  Hawk's  Nest  and  Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nnttall). 

H.   MUTILUM   L. 

Ditches  and  low  grounds,  common  throughout  the  State 
H.  Canadense  L.     Canadian  St.  John's  Wort. 

Glade  regions  of  Preston  and  Webster  Counties    (Mills- 
paugh).    Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Fay- 
ette; near  Nuttallburg,  in  spahgnum  bogs  (Nnttall). 
H.  adpressum  Barton. 

Moist  grounds.     Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
H.  PUNCTATUM  Lam. 

Nicholas  :  near  Richwood  ;  and  Webster  :  at  Hacker  Valley 
(H.  JJ.  Smith  1747,  1560). 
H.  ellipticum  Hook. 

In  spagnum  glades.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta. 
H.  GYMNANTHUM  Engclm.  &  Gray. 

Low  moist  places.  Pocahontas :  valley  of  the  East  Fork 
of  Greenbrier  River  (Greemnan  418). 


306  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SAROTHRA  L. 
S.  GENTiANOiDES    L.      Orange    Grass.       (Hypericum    Saruthra 
Michx.). 

Dry  fields.     Monongalia :   near  The  Flats.     Wood :  near 
Kanawha  Station.     Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Fall?  (James). 

TRIADENUM  Raf. 
T.  ViRGiNicuM  (L.)  Raf.  (Hypericum  Virginicum  L.). 

Swampy  glades.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

C  I  S  T  A  C  E  AE. 

HELIANTHEMUM  Pers. 
H.  MAjus  (L.)  B.  S.  P.     Frost-weed. 

Dry  soils.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta. 

LECHEA  L. 
L.  MINOR  L.    Pin-weed.  L.  major  Michx. 

Dry  places.    Summers  :  near  Hinton.    Fayette  :  near  Nutt- 
allburg, alt.  1, 600  ft.  (Nuttall). 
L.  Leggettii  Britt.  &  Hollick.  L.  minor  Lam. 

Dry  sandy  places.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  at 
an  alt.  of  2,000  ft.  (Nuttall). 

V  I  O  L  A  C  E  AE. 

VIOLA  L. 

V.  PEDATA  L.    Bird's-foot  Violet. 

Sandy  soils.  Monongalia  :  at  The  Flats.  Mineral :  along 
the  Potomac  near  Keyser  (Workman).  Randolph:  on  PoinL 
Mountain.  Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300 
ft.,  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Small;  Eggleston  4350, 
4354;  Heller  807).  Mercer  Co.,  near  Bluefield.  MacDowell 
Co.,  at  Fletcher's  (Millspaugh). 
Var.  BicoLOR  Pursh.     Pansy  Violet. 

Hardy:    near    Moorefield    (Gamble).      Hampshire:    near 
^omnQy  (Hopkins).     Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Mountain, 
alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small). 
V.    PALMATA  L. 

Near  runs  in  moist  ground.     Monongalia  :  near  The  Flats, 
Morgantown.      Gilmer:   near  Glenville    (Mapel).      Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall).     Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Rich- 
ardson). 
V.  cucuLLATA  Ait.     Common  Blue  Violet. 

Low  grounds ;  common  throughout  the  State.     Upshur  * 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  307 

V.  AFFiNis  LeConte. 

About  a  spring  near  Kegley,  Mercer  County,  alt.  2,090  ft., 
July  21,  1900  {Morris  1046). 

V.    RAPILIONACEA  Pursh. 

On  Great  Bend,  Tunnel  Mountain,  Summers  County,  alt. 
1,700   ft.,   July    14,    1900    {Morris   1023)  ;    along-   Horsepen 
Creek,  McDowell  County,  alt.  1,900  ft.,  July  30,  1900  {Mor- 
ris 1104). 
V.  SAGiTTATA  Ait.    Arrow  Leaved  Violet. 

Dry  or  moist,  sandy  places.     Monongalia :  near  Morgan- 
town,  Uffington  and  Little  Falls.    Preston  :  near  Cold  Spring. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapcl).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{Nuttal). 
V.  BLANDA  Willd.     Sweet  White  Violet. 

Damp   woods.      Monongalia :   near   Morganton.      Gilm.er : 

near  Glenville  {Mapel).     Upshur:  {Pollock).    Fayette:  near 

Nuttallburg   {Nnttali),  and   frequent  throughout  the   State. 

McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 

V.  ALsoPHiLA  Greene.  {V.  ainoeaa  LeConte). 

McDowell:  along  Horsepen  Creek,  alt.  1,850  ft.  {Morris 
iioi,  1109). 

V.    PRIMULAEFOLIA  L. 

Damp  soils.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   {Nuttall).     Mc- 
Dowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
V.   SORORIA  Willd. 

In  woodlands.    Monongan'a  :  near  Morgantown  {Sheldon). 
V.  HiRSUTULA  Brainerd.  {V.  zdllosa  Auth.). 

Dry  situations.     Monongalia  :  near  Dellslow  ;  and  Fayette  : 
near  Ronceverte  {Sheldon  207,   1005). 
V.  FiMBRiATULA  J.  E.  Smith. 

Sandy   soil    near    Bretz    and    other   locations    in    Preston 
County;  also  in  Monongalia  County  {Sheldon  4110). 
V.  LANCEOLATA  L.    Lauce-leavcd  Violet. 

Boggy  places.     Monongalia:  up  Falling  Run,  above  Mor- 
gantown, the  only  station  so  far  known  to  me. 
V.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  Michx.      Rouud-lcavcd  Violet. 

Cold   woods.     Randolph:  Rich   Mountains,   alt.   2,110   ft. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{hhittall).     Mercer:  near  Ligleside  and  Wills. 
V.  PUBESCENS  Ait.    Yellow  Violet. 

Rich  woods.  Mineral:  neai  Keyser  {Workman).  Ran- 
dolph: Rich  Mountains,  alt.  2,125  ft.  Grant:  near  Bayard. 
Tucker :  along  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat.  Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  {Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutall). 
Monongalia :  near  Cassville.  L^pshur :  near  Buckhannon 
{Pollock). 


308  THK    WEST    \'1R(,1NIA    FLORA 

V.  scABKiL'scuLA  (T.  &  G.)  Schweiii. 

Rich  woods.  Mononi^alia :  near  Morgantov.  n,  common. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallbnrg  (Miittall). 

V.    HASTATA    Michx. 

Woodlands.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Niittall).     Up- 
shur:   near    Buckhannon    (Pollock).      Mercer:   oak    woods, 
near  Bkiefield.    McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
V.  TRiLORA  Schwein. 

Dry   woodlands.     Upshur:   near    Buckhannon    (Pollock). 
Monongalia:  near  ]\lorgantown  (Sheldon). 
V.  CONSPERSA  Reichb.         (V.  Muhlcnbcrgii,  Labradorica  Auth.). 

Low  shaded  places,  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
V.  Canadensis  L.    Canada  Violet. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  magnificent  specimens  in  great 
profusion  along  the  woods  bordering  the  F.  M.  &  P.  R.  R., 
between  Beechwoods  and  Little  Falls ;  near  Uffington. 
Marion  :  near  Opekiska  and  Catawba.  Gilmer :  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Mc- 
Dowell: near  Elkhorn.  L^pshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pol- 
lock). 
V.  STRIATA  Ait.     Pale  Violet. 

Along    runs.      Monongalia :    the    most    common    species. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Hardy:  near  Moore- 
field   (Gamble).     McDowell:  near  Elkhorn.     Upshur:  near 
Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
V.  Labradorica  Schrank.  [■^iola  caniva  var.  Muhlcnbcrgii,  Traut. 

Fayette  County,  at  foot  of  clifif  at  Nuttallburg  (hhittall). 
V.  rostrata  Pers.     Long-spurred  Violet. 

Hillside.     Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall).     Green- 
brier: near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4366).     U^p- 
shur :  near  Buckhannon   (Pollock). 
V.  Rafinesouei  Greene.     Field  Pansy.     (V.  tcnclla  Mulil.  not 
Poir.).  " 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston 
4365).    Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon  200). 

Fields  and  rocky  opens.     Monongalia,  common.     ^Mineral : 
near  Keyser  (Workman).  Favette :  near  Nuttal]i:)urg  (Nutt- 
all). 
V.  AFFiNis  X  cucuLLATA  Braiucrd. 

Tucker:  near  Parsons  in  "The  Sluice"  and  along  the  bot- 
tom of  the  creek.     (Grecnman  301,  303,  304,  305,  306). 

"These  five  sheets,  Nos.  301.  303-6,  collected  at  the  same 
time  and  apparently  at  stations  not  far  apart,  are  I  believe  V. 
aifinis  .%  cuculata  and  its  offspring ;  see  Rhod.  8  :4q.  March, 
1806.  The  hybrid  has  since  been  found  in  several  other  sta- 
tions. 

The   lono-  auricles  are   found    characteristic   of    V.   cncnl- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


309 


lata;  but  when  pure  it  never  has  purpHsh  or  purple-dotted 
capsules.  The  green-capsuled  plants  seem  to  be  seedlings 
with  the  recessive  character  in  color  of  capsule.  The  black 
seeds  are  nearly  those  of  ['.  cucullata,  black  being  dominant 
over  buff— the  color  of  the  seeds  of  V.  amnis. .  (In  my  cul- 
tures of  this  hybrid  the  recessive  buff  re-appears  in  some  of 
the  offspring.    See  Science  25:940-944.    June  14,  1907.) 

In  No.  305  (but  not  in  306)  the  short  auricles  of  V.  affinis 
appear  with  the  green  capsules  of  V.  citciillata)."~Ezra 
Brainerd. 

CUBELIUM  Raf. 
C.  CONCOLOR  (Forst.)  Raf.  Green  Violet.    (Solea  concolor  Ging.). 
Rich    woods.      Wirt:    near    Burning    Springs.      Calhoun- 
along  Laurel  Run.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mafyel). 

P  A  S  S  I  F  L  O  R  A  C  E  AE. 

PASSIFLORA  L. 
P.  LUTEA  L.     Yellow  Passion-flower. 

Hillsides.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A^a^^a//).     Preston- 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
P.  INCARNATA  L.    Passion-flower. 

Dry  soil.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 

C  A  C  T  A  C  E  AE. 

OPUNTIA  Mill. 
O.  Opuntia  (L.)  Coulter.    Prickly  Pear.        (0.  vulgaris  MWl). 
Open  fields  and  among  scrub  pines  in  the  Devonian  forma- 
tions  of  Hardy:   near   Moorefield,   where   it   is  a  prevalent 
weed  in  many  places. 

T  H  Y  M  E  L  E  A  C  E  ^. 

DIRCA  L. 
D-.  PALusTRis  L.    Leatherwood. 

Damp  woods.  Jackson  :  near  Ripley.  Wirt :  near  Eliza  ■ 
beth.  Calhoun:  near  White  Pine  and  Brookville.  Green- 
brier: White  Sulphur  Springs.  Favette :  near  Nuttallburo- 
(Niittall).  "  '' 

LYTHRACEAE. 

ROTALA  Linn. 
R.  RAMosiOR  (L.)  Koehne. 

Wet  places.    Kanawha  :  at  the  Salinas  (Holton). 


3IO  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

PARSONSIA  P.  Br.  (1756). 
{Cuphea  P.  Br.  1756). 

P.  PETiOLATA  (L.)  Riisby.  "Tar-weed."  {C.  viscosissima  ]2iC(.[.) 
Dry  soils,  and  fields.  Monongalia,  Marion,  Wood,  Wirt, 
Calhoun,  Gilmer,  Lewis,  Upshur  and  Randolph.  Fayette : 
near  Gauley  Bridge;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ;  near 
Hawk's  Nest  (James).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Monroe:  near  Alderson. 
Berkeley  :  near  Martinsburg,  and  elsewhere.  Preston :  near 
Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Kanawha  :  along  the  Kanawha 
River  near  Cabin  Shoals  (Holton). 

MELASTOMACEAE. 

RHEXIA  L. 

R.  ViRGiNiCA  L.    Meadow  Beauty. 

Moist,  sandy  meadows,  and  river  shores.  Monongalia : 
near  Camp  Eden;  Little  Falls.  Wood :  near  Lockhart's  Run. 
Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Upshur :  near  Lorentz.  Ran- 
dolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River.  Berkeley :  near  Mar- 
tinsburg. Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.  Webster  :  Hacker  Valley 
(H.  H.  Smith.  1533).    Kanawha:  at  the  Salinas  (Holton). 

O  N  A  G  R  A  C  E  AE. 

ISNARDIA  L. 

L    PALUSTRIS  L. 

Sandy  soil.  Fayette :  in  a  Sand  bar  in  New  River  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Kanawha:  near  the  Salinas  (Hol- 
ton). 

LUDWIGIA  L. 

L.    ALTERNIFOLIA  L.      Sccd-box. 

Wet  banks.  Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run.  A^onongalia : 
along  Cheat  River  near  Camp  Eden.  Fayette  :  near  Kanawha 
Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Kanawha:  near 
the  Salinas  (Holton). 

L.    LINEARFOLIA  Britt. 

With  or  near  the  species.  Wood :  near  Lockhart's  Run. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

Described  by  Prof.  Britton  in  "Bull.  Torrey  Club,"  Dec, 
1890,  as  follows : 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3II 

"Two  or  three  feet  high,  divergently  branched,  the 
branches  ascending.  Leaves  linear,  elongated,  2-4-in.  long, 
ii^-4-lines  wide,  acute;  flowers  solitary  in  the  axils  of  the 
upper  leaves  or  bracts,  yellow ;  sepals  ovate-lanceolate  acute, 
narrower  than  those  of  L.  alternifolia ;  branches  and  both 
sides  of  the  leaves  somewhat  pubesent.  Petals  apparently 
remaining  on  the  plant  longer  than  those  of  L.  alternifolia, 
which,  as  Dr.  Millspaugh  observes,  commonly  fall  away  when 
the  plant  is  shocked." 

"Appearing  very  distinct  from  typical  L.  alternifolia,  but 
presumably  but  a  variety  of  it.  From  the  description  it  may 
be  the  Rliexia  linearifolia,  Poir,  in  Lam.  Encycl.  vi.  2,  said 
to  come  from  Carolina." 

CHAMAENERION  Adans. 

C.  ANGUSTiFOLiuM  (L.)  Scop.    Firc-wccd.    {Epilobium  spicatum 
Lam.). 

In  new  clearings.  Mineral :  Grant :  and  Tucker  :  along  the 
W.  Va.  Cent.  R.  R.  Randolph :  summit  of  Point  Mountain, 
alt.  3,700  ft.  Cheat  Mountain,  alt.  27-3,600  ft. ;  near  Pickens 
{H.  H.  Smith  1396;  1454).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).  Pendleton  :  on  Spruce  Knob  (Greenuwn  173). 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield   (Gamble). 

EPILOBIUM  L. 

E.  coLORATUM  Muhl.    Willow-herb. 

Ditches,  and  wet  rocks.     Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs.      Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall).      Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &•  Mrs.  Steele).    Mason:  near  Pt.  Pleas- 
ant ;  and  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
E.    LINEARE  Muhl. 

In  swamps.  Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
Pocahontas:  in  Cranberry  Glades  (Sheldon  3848). 
E.  ADENOCAULON  Haussk. 

Wet  places.  Randolph :  in  Blister  Swamp  near  Gandv 
Creek  (Grcenman  427). 

ONAGRA  Adans. 

O.  BIENNIS  (L.)  Scop.  Evening  Primrose.  (Oenothera  biennis  1^). 

Frequent  or  common,  throughout  the  State. 
Var.  GRANDiFLORA  (Ait.)  Lindl. 

Frequent.  Randolph :  Cricard,  P.  O. ;  Point  Mountain 
Wood  :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Preston  :  near  Tunnellton  ; 
near  Terra  Alta   (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs. 


312  THE    VVICST    VIKGIXIA    FLORA 

Stccic).     Webster:  at  Hacker  N'alley  (//.  //.  Smith  1571). 
GreenlM-ier :    near    \\  liite    Siibhur    Springs.      Hardy :    nea.* 
White  Sulpliur  Springs.    Hardy:  near  Aloorefield  (Camblc)- 
O.  AKGiLLicoLA.    Mackenzie,  Torreya  4 :56.  1904). 

Biennial,  with  numerous  stems  ascending  from  the  same 
root,  5-15  dm.  hgh.  Stems  puberulent,  but  otherwise  with- 
out pubescence;  leaves  of  the  stemless  plant  of  the  first  year, 
rosulate,  6-15  cm.  long,  the  blades  oblanceolate,  15  mm.  or  less 
wide,  sinuate,  acute,  puberulent  on  both  sides,  the  mid-nerve 
strongly  developed,  tapering  at  the  base  to  a  long,  rather 
narrowly  winged  petiole;  cauline  leaves  of  the  flowering 
plants  of  the  second  year,  with  narrowly  linear-lanceolate 
blades,  the  well-developed  ones  6-8  cm.  long,  7  mm.  or  less 
wide,  remotely  sinuate-dentate,  acute,  glabrous  or  slightly 
puberulent,  tapering  to  a  petiole-like  base  and  often  strongly 
decurrent  pn  the  stem,  forming  well-developed  ridges ;  calyx- 
tube  3-4  cm.  long  and  longer  than  the  sepals,  perfectly  gla- 
brous, as  also  are  the  sepals,  the  tips  of  the  latter  free, 
spreading,  often  3-4  cm.  long;  petals  bright  yellow,  obcordate, 
crenulate,  3-4  cm.  long,  so  that  the  open  flower  is  often  6-8 
cm.  across ;  capsules  perfectly  glabrous,  2-3  cm.  long,  sessile, 
gradually  tapering  upward  from  the  broad  base  and  often 
strongly  curved, .  somewhat  quadrangular,  strongly  ribbed : 
seeds  angled,  1-1.5  mm.  long. 

Open  sunny  clay  banks  and  along  rivers,  in  loose,  rocky 
soil.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs,  August  27, 
1903  (Mackenzie  373). 

KNEIFFIA  Spach. 

K.  PUMILA   (L.)    Spach.  (Oenothera  piiuiila  h.). 

Dry  fields,  frequent  throughout  the  State,  especially  in  the 
northern  section.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield  (Ga/;???/;^).     Ran- 
dolph: near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1387). 
K.  FRUTicosA  (L.)  Raim.   Sun-drops.    "Wild  Beet."    (Oenothera 
frnticosa  L.). 

Common  in  most  soils,  and  in  cultivated  fields  as  a  weed. 

Summers  :  near  Talcott  and  Lowell.     Marion  :  near  Worth- 

ington.      Gilmer:    near    Glenville    (Mapel).      Fayette:    near 

Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

K.    FRUTICOSA  DiFFERTA  (Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  366(1892). 

Damp  meadows,  Wood  County,  near  Lockhart's  Run,  the 
most  common  form. 

Stems  I  to  2  ft.  high,  nearly  smooth,  branching  dififusely 
from  every  axil.  Flowers  profuse,  large.  Lower  leaves 
ovate.  Capsules  narrowly  winged,  very  short ;  apical  inflores- 
cence strongly  cymose. 


WliST    N'IKCINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SUKVIiV  3I3 

K.  LINEARIS  (Michx.)    Spach.  {Oenothera  liticaris  Michx.). 

Damp  places.  Wood  :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Wirt :  near 
Elizabeth.  Calhoun  :  near  Grantsville.  Gilmer  :  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mopel).    Upshur  :  near  Buckhannon. 

K.  LONGiPEDicELLATA  Small,  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  23:178.  (1896). 
Annual,  slender,  bright  green,  more  or  less  puberulent. 
Stem  erect  or  assurgent,  4-7dm.  tall,  red,  slender,  simple  or 
sparingly  branched  above ;  basal  leaves  spatulate  or  obovate- 
spatulate,  4-cnL  long;  stem  leaves  few,  linear-lanceolate, 
3-9cm.  long,  obtuse  or  acutish,  entire,  often  somewhat  undu- 
late, narrowed  into  a  short  petiole ;  flowers  yellow,  subtended 
by  leaf -like  bracts  in  terminal  racemes  which  are  sometimco 
corymbosely  arranged;  caylx  hirsute,  its  tube  slender,  1-1.5 
cm.  long,  its  segments  linear,  longer  than  the  tube,  the  tips 
free  in  the  bud ;  petals  obovate,  2cm.  long,  many-nerved, 
emarginate,  stamens  less  than  one-half  as  long  as  the  petals ; 
styles  slender,  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  petals ;  capsule 
narrowly  obovoid,  icm.  long^  its  angles  wanged,  its  faces 
ridged,  on  pedicels  longer  than  the  body ;  seeds  irregularly 
oblong,   .8mm.  long,  brown,  minutely  papillose. 

Between  K.  subglobosa  and  K.  linearis.  It  differs  from 
the  former  in  its  sparsely  leafy,  usually  nearly  simple  stem, 
the  hirsute  calyx,  the  larger  flowers  and  the  narrowly  ob- 
ovoid capsules.  It  can  easily  be  .separated  from  K.  linearis  by 
its  pedicel,  which  exceeds  the  body  of  the  capsule. 

Moist  places.  Webster:  at  Long  Glade  (Millspaugh  579, 
July  1890). 

GAURA  L. 

G.    BIENNIS,  L. 

Dry  banks.  Webster :  near  Taylor.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ahitt- 
all).  Harrison:  near  Lumberport.  Berkeley:  near  Martins- 
burg.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

CIRCAEA  L. 

C.  LuTETiANA  L.     Enchanter's  Nightshade. 

Low  grounds,  and  wet  woods.  Lewis :  up  Stone  Coal 
Creek.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Brozai).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nutfall).  Webster:  on  Tater  Knob  (H.  H. 
Smith  1478).     Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

C.    ALPINA  L. 

Deep,  rich  woods.  Randolph,  Grant,  Tucker  and  Pendle- 
ton :  prevalent  in  the  Alleghanies.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville 
(Mapcl).  Monongalia:  along  Cheat  River,  above  Caimp 
Eden.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


314  T^IE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

A  R  A  L  I  A  C  E  AE. 

ARALIA  L. 

A.  SPINOSA  L.     Angelica  Tree.     Hercules'  Club 

Rich  Mountain  woods.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull  Mt.  alt. 
2,595  ft.,  plentiful  {Mills paugh)  ;  Hacker  Valley  {H.  H. 
Smith  1584).  Preston:  near  Rowlesburg.  Summers:  along 
the  Greenbrier  River ;  near  Hinton.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Niittall)  ;  at  Gauley  Bridge,  abundant.  Randolph: 
near  Whitman  {Grecnman  160).  Monongalia:  near  Mor- 
gantown. 

A.  RACEMOSA  L.     Spikenard. 

Deep,  oold  woods,  frequent  in  the  Alleghanies.  Randolph : 
Cheat  Mountains,  alt.  3,350  ft. ;  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,560 
ft.  Hampshire  :  Ice  Mountain.  Tucker  :  near  Falls  of  Black- 
water.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Greenbrier:  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

A.  NUDicAULis  L.    Wild  Sarsaparilla, 

Rich  woods,  frequent.  Monongalia :  the  Flats,  Rich 
Woods,  and  along  the  Monongahela.  Marion :  near  Ope- 
kiska.    Randolph  :  on  Point  Mountain.    Grant :  near  Bayard. 

A.  HispiDA  Vent. 

Rocky  soils.  Tucker :  near  Davis,  along  Blackwater  Fork 
of  Cheat. 

PANAX  L. 

P.  QUiNOUEFOLiuM  L.     Giuscng.     "Sang." 

Rich,  deep  woods.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Jack- 
son:  near  Ripley.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Grant: 
near  Bayard.  Randolph  :  Rich,  Cheat  and  Point  Mountains. 
(One  store  at  Crickard  P.  O.  buys  from  this  neighborhood 
$1,500  worth  annually  of  the  mountaineers.)  Webster:  Buf- 
falo Bull  range.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Summers :  near  Hinton.  Preston :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 

P.  TRiFOLiuM  L.  (Aralia  trifolia  Decn.). 

Moist  woods.  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock),  and 
near  Newlon  (A.  B.  Brooks). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3I5 

API  ACE  AE. 

(Uinbelliferae.) 

DAUCUS  L. 

D.  Carota  L.     Wild  Carrot.     "Devil's  Plague." 

Fields,  meadows,  and  roadsides.  Lewis,  Randolph,  Mon- 
ongalia, Marion,  Berkeley,  Morgan,  Mineral,  Preston,  Grant, 
and  Kanawha  counties.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg.  Jefferson :  near  Shenandoah 
Junction ;  near  Charlestown ;  and  Summit  Point.  Green- 
brier :  near  Caldwell  and  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Sum- 
mers :  near  Greenbrier  Stock  Yards,  and  Hinton.  Mason : 
near  Point  Pleasant.  Mercer :  near  Ingleside ;  and  reported 
from  every  county  in  the  State. 

Forma  rosea.    Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  369. 

With  rose  colored  flowers,  a  frequent  form  in  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown ;  and  along  the  Kingwood  Pike. 

ANGELICA  L. 

A.  CuRTisii  Buckley. 

Sandy  river  banks.  Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden. 
Preston :  near  Reedsville.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Green- 
brier :  near  White  Sulphur   Springs. 

A.  viLLosA  (Walt.)  B.S.P.  Hairy  Angelica.  (A.  hirsuta,  Muhl.) 
Frequent  in  dry  woods  and  glady  meadows.  Webster : 
Long  and  Welsh  Glades.  Jackson  :  near  Sandyville.  Tucker  : 
near  Davis.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Monon- 
galia :  near  Camp  Eden.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta.  Ran- 
dolph :  on  Point  Mountain,  alt.  2,540  ft.  Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

A.  ATRO PURPUREA  L.    Purplish  Angelica.    (Archangelica  atro pur- 
purea, Hoffm.). 

Low  grounds  and  river  banks.  Grant :  near  Bayard. 
Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Tucker :  near  Davis.  Fayette : 
near  Kanawha  falls  (James). 

OXYPOLIS  Raf.  (1825). 
(Tiedemannia  DC.  1829.) 

O.  RiGiDioR  (L.)  C.  &  R.  (0.  rigidus  Raf.) 

Swampy  spots.    Randolph :  along  Shaver's  Fork  of  Cheat. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Terra 

Alta    (Millspaugh)  ;    near   Aurora    (Mr.   &   Mrs.   Steele).^ 

Pocahontas:  in   Cranberry  Glades    (Sheldon  3821). 


3l6  THE    WEST    \TKG1NIA    FLORA 

PSEUDOTAENIDIA  ^lackenzie. 

Glabrous  and  glaucous  erect  perennials  from  stout  hori- 
zontal to  perpendicular  rootstocks.  Leaves  ternately  de- 
compound, the  leaflets  entire.  Umbels  borne  on  terminal 
and  lateral  peduncles,  compound,  the  rays  very  unequal  in 
length.  Involucre  and  involucels  none  or  rarely  of  one  O'" 
two  bractlets.  Corolla  not  seen.*  Calyx-teeth  short,  but 
evident.  Fruit  thick,  strongly  flattened  dorsally,  oval  or 
obovate,  glabrous.  Dorsal  and  intermediate  ribs  of  carpel 
filiform  and  very  much  narrower  than  the  intervals,  coming 
together  at  base  and  apex  to  form  short  prominent  ridges ; 
lateral  ribs  thick,  broadly  winged  and  contiguous  to  those 
of  the  other  carpel  so  as  to  form  a  broad  one-edged  margin 
around  the  fruit,  nerved  dorsally  at  the  inner  margin  and 
also  near  the  outer  margin.  Oil-tubes  solitary  in  the  inter- 
vals or  often  two  in  the  intervals  nearest  the  lateral  ribs , 
two  entirely  developed  and  two  partially  developed  on  the 
commissural  side.  Top  of  fruit  thickened  by  the  converging 
ribs,  but  stylopodium  absent  or  much  depressed.  Seed-face 
plane,  the  back  rounded. 

P.  MONTANA  Mackenzie,  Torreya  3:159   (1903). 

Plant  4-8  dm.  high,  entirely  glabrous ;  stems  striate ; 
leaves  several,  the  blades  two  or  three  times  ternately  com- 
pound; the  segments  entire,  ovate  or  oblong-lanceolate,  oval 
or  oblanceolate,  glaucous  and  strongly  veined  beneath,  ses- 
sile or  stalked,  10-30  mm.  long,  6-20  mm.  wide,  mucronate, 
often  inequilateral  at  base;  petioles  dilated  at  base,  striate 
and  clasping  the  stem;  peduncles  6-20  cm.  long;  rays  of 
umbels  8-12,  1-5  cm.  long;  rays  of  umbellets  usually  slightly 
more  numerous,  3-7  nmi.  long;  fruit  5-6  mm.  long,  4  mm. 
wide,  the  lateral  ribs   i   mm.  wide. 

The  plant  exactly  resembles  Tacnidia  intcgcrrima  (L.) 
Drude  in  everything  except  the  fruit. 

In  dry  open  woods,  in  a  clayey  soil  intermixed  with  loose 
rocks.  Greenbrier :  side  of  Kate's  Mountain,  August  29, 
1903  (Mackenzie). 

SIUM  Linn. 

S.   CICUTAEFOLIUM    Gmcl. 

In  swampy  places.  Randolph :  on  Tygart  Valley  River 
near  Huttonville   (Grcenman  434). 


*Almost  certainly  yellow. 


WEST    X'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  ■    3I7 

HARPERELLA  Rose. 

H.  viviPARA  Rose. 

Wet  bottomlands.  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Fevry(Aikcii). 

HERACLEUM  L. 

H.  LANATUM  Michx.    Cow  Parsnip. 

Wet  grounds.  Eewis :  along-  Leading  Creek.  Upshur : 
near  Lorenz.  ]\andolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River. 
Webster :  Welch  Glade. 

IMPERATORIA  Linn. 

L  OsTRUTHiuM  Linn. 

Established  in  field  and  along  a  road  at  McClure,  Webster 
County  (H.  H.  Smith  1558). 

PASTINACA  L. 

P.  SATiVA  L.     Wild  Parsnip. 

Waste  grounds  and  cultivated  fields.  Randolph :  Cheat 
Mountains,  alt.  3.350  ft.  Jefferson :  near  Shenandoah  Jc 
Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Mineral:  oppo- 
site Cumberland.  ^lorgan :  near  Hancock.  Wood :  near 
Kanawha  Station.  Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant.  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield   (Gamble). 

THASPIUM  Nuttall. 

T.  TRiFOLiATUM   (L.)   Brittou. 

Mountain  woodlands.    Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
T.  TRiF0LL\TUM  AUREU^f   (Nutt.)   Brittou.     Meadow  Parsnip. 

Thickets  and  meadows.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 

T.    BARBINODE    (Michx.)    Nutt. 

Greenbrier:    near    White    Sulphur    Springs     (Eggleston 

4347 )• 

Ricli  woods.  Mercer:  plentiful  near  Bluestone  Tc.  Tay- 
lor: near  Grafton  (Pollock). 

LIGUSTICUM  L. 

L.  Canadense  (L.)  Britton. 

Rich  soil.  Grant :  near  liayard,  plentiful  along  the  Black- 
water  Fork  of  Cheat  River. 


3l8  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

ERYNGIUM  L. 

E.  AQUATicuiM     L.      Rattle-snake    Master.       (E.    yuccae folium 
Michx.). 

Swampy  places.     Webster :  at  Welch  Glade. 

SANICULA  L. 

S.  Marilandica  L.     Black  Snake-root. 

Rich  woods.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Preston  : 
near    Terra    Alta    {Mills paugh)  ;    near    Cranberry    Summit 
(Mertc  995)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
S.  Canadensis  L. 

Rich  soil.     Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls.     Marion :  near 
Opekiska.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall). 
S.  TRiFOLiATA  Bickuell. 

Along  Madam  Creek  opposite  Hinton,  Summers  County, 
alt.  1,500  ft.,  July  9,  1900  (Morris  961).     Monongalia:  near 
Marilla  (Sheldon  1632). 
S.  GREGARiA  Bicknell. 

Woods  and  thickets.     Summers:  near  Hinton   (Eggleston 

5567)- 

TAENIDIA  Drude. 

T.  iNTEGERRiMA  (L.)  Drudc.  (Pimpinella  integerriina  L.). 

Rocky   hillsides.      Lewis :    along    Stone    Coal    Creek,   and 

Randolph:  on  Point  Mountain  (Millspatigh).     Preston:  near 

Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 

(Pollock).     Monongalia:  near  Seneca  (Sheldon  3574). 


CHAEROPHYLLUM  L. 

C.  PROCUMBENS  (L.)   Crantz. 

Ohio:  Elm  Grove,  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenherg). 

WASHINGTONIA  Raf.    (1818). 
(Osv.iorrhi.za  Raf.    18 18). 

W.  Claytoni  (Michx.)   Britton.  (O.  hreiistylis  DC). 

Rich  woods.  Wirt :  above  Elizabeth.  Gilmer :  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mapel;  Broun).  Monongalia:  opposite  Roundbot- 
toms.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts  1042).  LTpshur : 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  3I9 

W.  LONGiSTYLis  (Torr.)  Britten. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Marion : 
near  Fairmont.   Tucker  :  near  Davis.   Wirt :  above  Elizabeth. 

ZIZIA  Koch. 

Z.   CORDATA  (Walt.)  DC. 

River     banks.       Fayette:     near     Nuttallburg     (Nuttall). 
Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  4345). 
Z.  AUREA  (L.)  Koch. 

Damp   places.      Monongalia :    The    Flats,    and    along   the 
Monongahela.    Marion :  near  Opekiska.    Fayette :  near  Nutt- 
allburg^ (Nuttall). 
Z.  Bebbii  (C.  &  R.)  Britton.      (Z.  atirea,  var.  Bebbii  C.  &  R.)- 
Woodlands.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Of  specimens  gathered  in  Mason,  near  Pt.  Pleasant,  Prof. 
Coulter  says :     "Flowers  too  white,  and  altogether  it  does 
not  quite  fit,  and  is  indeterminable  on  account  of  the  imma- 
ture fruit."     Greenbrier  Co.,  on  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300 
ft.  (Small;  Heller  841). 

CICUTA  L. 

C.  MAcuLATA  L.     Spotted  Cow-bane.     Beaver  Poison. 

Swampy  spots,  and  wet  meadows.  Randolph:  along 
Tygart's  Valley  River  plentiful.  Fayette :  along  Loup  Creek 
(James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Putnam  :  near  Scott's 
Depot  (James).  Gilmer:  Glenville  (Brozmi)  ;  near  DeKalb 
P.  O.  Morgan :  near  Cacapon.  Monongalia :  near  Ice's 
Ferry.     Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 

C.  BULBIFERA  L. 

Wet  places.    Mason  :  near  Pt.  Pleasant. 

DERINGA  Adans.  (1763). 
(Cryptotaenia,  DC.   1829). 

D.  Canadensis  (L.)  Kuntze.     Honewort.     (Cryptotaenia  Cana- 

densis (L.)  DC). 

Shady  rocks.  Monongalia  :  Roundbottoms  and  Little  Falls 
Marion:  near  Opekiska.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niitt- 
all).    Tucker:  rich  woods  near  Parsons  (Greenman  145). 

HYDROCOTYLE  L. 

H.  Americana  L.     Water  Pennywort. 

Along  streams.  Jefiferson  :  near  Flowing  Spring.  Ran- 
dolph :  above  Cricard  P.  O.     Grant :  near  Bayard.     Green- 


320  THE    WEST    VIKCINIA    FLORA 

brier :  near  White  Sulphur  Spriii,o-s.     Preston :  at  Cranberry 
Summit  {iMcrt::  990)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Airs.  Steele). 

ERIGENIA  Nutt. 

E.  BULBOSA  (Michx).  Nutt.    Harbino^er  of  Spring. 

Rich  open  woods.     Monongalia  :  opposite  Granville,  plen- 
tiful.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg-   (Nuttall). 

C  O  R  N  A  C  E  AE. 

CORNUS  L. 

C.  FiORiDA  L.     Flowering  Dogwood. 

Dry  woods.  Monongalia  throughout,  some  quite  large 
trees  near  Morgantown.  Wood,  Wirt  and  Calhoun  counties. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Brozai;  Mapel).  Lewis  and  Upshur 
(Millspaugh ;  Pollock).  Randolph  :  on  Cheat  Mountains,  alt. 
3,600  ft.  Marion:  Webster:  Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  SmfiJi 
1588).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).  Mercer :  near  Bluefield.  Greenbrier 
Co.,  on  Kate's  Alountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small). 
C.  ciRCiNATA  L'FIer.     Round-leaved  Dogwood. 

Damp,  cool  woods.    Rare.     Upshur :  near  Lorentz. 
C.  Amomum  Mill.     Kinnikinnik.  (C.  scricca  L.). 

Wet    places.      Grant :    near    Bayard.      Randolph :    along 
Tygart's  Valley  River.     Nicholas  :  along  Peter  Creek.     Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg   [Xuttall).     Upshur:  near  Buckhan- 
non  (Pollock). 
C.  STOLONiFERA  Michx.    Red  Osier. 

Moist  places.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mcrts  1056). 

C.  CANDiDissiMA  Marsh.  Panicled  Cornel.   (C.  panic  11  lata  U^&r.'^ 

Thickets  and  river  banks.    Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 

Marion  :  Montana  ;  along  Beaver  Creek.     Randolph  :  Cheat 

River,  alt.  2,700  ft.     Summers  :  near  Hinton.     Hampshire : 

near  Romney. 

C.    ALTERNIFOLIA  L.   f. 

Hillside  copses.  Monongalia,  Marion,  Preston,  Wood 
and  Calhoun  counties.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Lewis:  along 
Leading  Creek.  L^pshur :  near  Lawrence  (Millspaugh)', 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock)  ;  near  Newlin  (H.  H.  Smith 
1784).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Greenbrier: 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Summers  :  near  Hinton. 
C.  Canadensis  L.     Dwarf  Cornel. 

Deep  woods.     Hampshire:  on   Ice   iNIountain    (Rumsey). 
Pendleton:  summit  of  Spruce  Knob   (A.  B.  Brooks). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  321 

NYSSA  L. 

N.  SYLVATiCA  Marsh.     Black  Gum. 

Various  situations  throughout  the  State.  Wood :  near 
Leachtown.  Wirt :  along  Straight  Creek.  Calhoun :  near 
Brookville.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Monongalia: 
near  Morgantown.  Randolph  :  on  Point  Mountain.  Web- 
ster :  on  Buffalo  Bull  Mountains.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hinton;  and  along  the  Green- 
brier River.  Kanawha  :  near  Handley.  Mercer  :  near  Ingle- 
side.  Immense  growths  of  this  species  at  Pickens,  Randolph 
Co.,  with  trunks  3  to  4  ft.  in  diameter  (Millspaugh). 

CLETHRACEAE. 

CLETHRA  L. 

C.  ACUMINATA  Michx.    White  Alder. 

Wooded  banks.  Fayette  :  along  the  Gauley  River  at  the 
base  of  the  Gauley  Mountains :  near  Nuttallburg,  uncommon 
{Nuttall). 

PYROLACEAE. 

PYROLA  L. 

P.  ELLiPTiCA  Nutt.    Shin-leaf. 

Rich  woods.     Ivanawha :  near  Charleston  {James).     Pres- 
ton :  near  Terra  Alta. 
P.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  L.    Shin-leaf. 

Sandy  woodlands,  frequent.  Upshur  :  summit  on  Staunton 
Pike.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nutt- 
allburg {Nuttall).  Grant:  near  Bayard.  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  {Gamble). 

MONESES  Salisb. 

M.  UNiFLORA  (L.)  A.  Gray.    One-flowered  Pyrola.     {M.  grandi- 
iiora  S.  F.  Gray). 

Deep,  cold  woods.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (Ma/'^/).  Pres- 
ton :  along  Laurel  Hills.  Monongalia :  near  Cheat  View,  and 
along  Quarry  Run. 

CHIMAPHILA  Pursh. 

C.  UMBELLATA  (L.)  Nutt.     Princc's  Pine. 

Dry  woods,  rare  compared  with  the  next.  Monongalia : 
along  Decker's  Creek ;  and  on  Laurel  Hills  in  pine  thickets. 


322  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  MACULATA   ( L. )   Pursh.     "Pipsisseway." 

Rich  woods,  frequent  throughout  the  northern,  eastern, 
and  central  counties.  Gihner :  near  Glenville  (Mapel; 
Brozi/n).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James).  Fayette: 
near  Hawk's  Nest,  and  Kanawha  Falls ;  near  Nuttallsburg 
{Niittall).     Hardy;  near  Moorefield   {Gamble). 

M  O  N  O  T  R  O  PA  C  E  AE. 

AIONOTROPSIS  Schwein. 

M.    ODORATA  Ell. 

Upshur :  growing  at  the  edge  of  a  sandy  bottom  along 
Little  Bush  Run  of  French  Creek  {Brooks). 

MONOTROPA  L. 

M.  UNiFLORA  L.     Indian-pipe.     Corpse-plant. 

Deep,  rich  woods.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Kanawha :  near 
Charleston  {James).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta 
(Millspaugh)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele.  Webster: 
deep  woods  on  Tater  Knob  (H.  H.  Smith  1495)-  Grant: 
near  Bayard.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

HYPOPITYS  Hill. 

H.  Hypopitys  (L.)  Small.  Pine  Sap.  (Monotropa  Hypopitys'L.). 
Deep,  rich  woods.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel, 
Brozvn).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James).  Upshur: 
summit  on  Staunton  Pike.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 

E  R  I  C  A  C  E  AE. 

AZALEA  L. 

A.  ARBORESCENS  Pursh.     Smooth  Azalea. 

Glades  and  along  mountain  streams.     Fayette :  near  Nutt- 
allburg (Nuttall).    Webster:  Upper  and  Welch  Glades. 
A.  CANESCENS  Michx.     Hoary  Azalea. 

Flampshire :  Mutton  Run,  near  Cacapon  Springs ;  Dillon's 
Run,  near  Cacapon  River. 

Specimens  in  full  leaf  were  noted  at  these  points  thar 
dififer  widely  from  R.  nudiflorum  and  R.  calendulaceum,  and 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  323 

seem,  so   far  at  least,   to  be  this  species.     Greenbrier   Co., 
Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.  (Small). 
A.  viscosA  L.     Sticky  Azalea. 

Glades    and    cool    ravines.      Preston :    Kingwood    glades. 
Kanawha  :  near  Charleston  (Barnes).    Fayette  :  near  Nuttall- 
burg  (Niittall)  ;  near  Hawk's  Nest  (James).    Webster:  near 
Long  Glade.    Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
Var.  GLAUCA  Michx.     "Cinnamon  Honeysuckle." 

Rocky  streams  in   the  higher  mountains.     Tucker :  along 
the  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat. 
Var.  NiTiDA  (Pursh.)  Britton. 

Glades.     Webster :  in  Long  and  Upper  Glades. 
A.  NUDiFLORA  L.     "Wild  Honeysuckle."     Pinxter  Flower. 

Rocky   places    along   streams.      Common    throughout   the 
northern,  central,  and  eastern  portions  of  the  State.    Mercer : 
near  Princeton  6-8  ft.  high. 
A.  LUTEA  L.     Flaming  Azalea. 

Mountain  woods.  Monongalia :  Cheat  View.  Alineral : 
near  Keyser  (Workman).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  1,800  ft.,  flowers  with  a  deli- 
cate fragrance  quite  distinct  from  that  of  other  Azaleas 
(Nuttall).  Summers:  near  Hinton.  Preston:  along  the 
Laurel  Hills.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.  .  Mercer :  near 
Princeton  and  Bluefield.  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pol- 
lock). 

RHODODENDRON  L. 

R.  MAXIMUM  L.    Great  Laurel. 

Deep  rich  woods,  forming  the  most  dense  and  tangled 
thickets  in  the  mountains.  Western  limit  on  the  Great  Ka- 
nawha River  near  Charleston,  Kanawha  County.  Common 
throughout  the  eastern  and  northern  portions  of  the  State 

R.  Catawbiense  Michx.     Lilac-colored  Laurel. 

Deep,  rich  mountain  woods,  rare.  Pendleton  :  near  Cherry 
Grove.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  where  it  prefers  the  face 
of  cliffs  (Niittall).  Greenbrier:  Top  of  Alleghanies.  Sum- 
mers :  near  Llinton. 

MENZIESIA  Smith. 

M.  piLosA  (Michx.)   Pers.  (M.  globularis  Salisb.). 

Pocahontas:  summit  of  Spruce  Knob,  alt.  4,800  ft.  (Hop- 
kins). 


324  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

KALMIA  L. 

K.  LATiFOLiA  L.     Mountain  Laurel.     Calico-bush.     Spoon-wood. 

Dry  or  moist  hillsides  and  thickets ;  forming  impenetrable 
masses  in  the  mountains.  Calhoun:  Laurel  Run.  Upshur: 
Sand  Run  (Millspaugh,  Pollock).  Webster:  Buffalo  Bui' 
Mountains.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes).  Nicho- 
las :  near  Beaver  Mills.  Mononoalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry  and 
Cheat  View.  Preston :  Laurel  Hills,  thence  southward 
throughout  the  eastern  counties.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nnttall).  Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  {Mertz  &  Gut- 
tenberg). 
K.  ANGUSTiFOLiA  L.  Shcep-laurel.     Lamb-kill. 

Hillsides.  Calhoun :  Laurel  Run.  Upshur :  Sand  Run. 
Nicholas  :  near  Beaver  Mills.  Randolph :  near  Cheat  Bridge. 
Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 

PIERIS  D.Don. 

P.  Mariana  (L.)   Bth.  &  Hook.     Stagger  Bush.     (Andromeda 
Mariana  L.). 

Low  grounds.     Webster :  Long  Glade.     Summers :  near 
Hinton.     Pocahontas:  near  Greenbank   (Swank). 
P.  floribunda  (Pursh.)  Bth.  &  Hook.     (Andromeda  floribitnda 
Pursh.). 

Mountain  woodlands.  Greenbrier:  in  the  mountains  (Runi- 
sey). 

XOLISMA  Raf. 

X.  LiGUSTRiNA  (L.)  Britton.     "Seedy  Buckberry." 

Wet  grounds.  Preston :  Morgan's  Glade  and  Terra  Alta. 
Upshur:  near  Buckhannon.  Webster:  Upjper,  Long  and 
Welch  Glades.  Nicholas :  Collett's  Glade.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttail). 
Var.  PUBESCENS  (Gray).  (Andromeda  Hgustrina  puhescens  A. 
GrayJ. 

Swampy  place.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft. : 
a    variation   with   a    six-lobed   corolla    and    six-celled   ovary 


(Nuttail). 


OXYDENDRUM  DC. 


O.  ARBOREUM  (L.)  DC.    Sour  Gum. 

Rich  woods.  Wood :  near  Leachtown.  Randolph  :  near 
Valley  Bend.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Kanawha: 
near  Charleston  (James).    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nntt- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  325 

all).     Summers:  along  Greenbrier  River  and  rear  Hinton. 
Marion  :  near  Shinnston  and  Clements.     Monongalia :  near 
Beechwoods.    Mercer  :  Beaver  Spr.  and  Ingleside.    Webster 
near  Tater  Knob  {H.  H.  Smith  1498). 

EPIGAEA  L. 

E.  REPENS  L.    Trailing  Arbutus. 

In  moss  of  shady  woods.  Monongalia,  and  Preston :  along 
the  Laurel  Hills.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (Ma/>f/).  Mineral: 
near  Keyser  (Workman).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston 
(James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble).     Mercer:  near  Bluefield. 

GAULTHERIA  L. 

G.  PROCUMBENS  L.    Wintergrcen.     Tea-berry.    Mountain  Tea. 
Cool  rich  woods.     Throughout  the  mountainous   regions 
of  the  State. 

VACCINIACEAE. 

GAYLUSSACL/\  H.  B.  K. 

G.  DUMOSA  (Andr.)  T.  &  G.    Dwarf  Huckleberry. 

Damp,  sandy  soils.     Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James). 
Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 
G.  FRONDOSA  (L.)  T.  &  G.    Dangleberry. 

Low  copses.    Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest  (James).    Web- 
ster :  Upper  Glade. 
G.  RESiNOSA  (Ait.)  T.  &  G.    Huckleberry. 

,  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Monongalia :  near  Laurel 
Hills.  Upshur  :  near  Buckhannon  (Po//ocfe).  Marion  :  near 
Forksburg.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (A''w?/a//).  Frequent 
throughout  the  State. 

POLYCODIUM  Raf. 

P.  STAMiNEUM  (L.)  Greene.  (Vaccinium  stamineum  L.). 

Open  woods.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Mineral  • 
along  Knobby  Alts.  (Workman).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville 
(Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (ATzf^^a//).  Grant:  near 
Bayard.  Tucker :  near  Davis  .  Hardy :  near  Moorefield 
(Gamble).  Mercer  :  near  Bluefield  (Mi7/.y/)0M^/i)-  Webster: 
Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  Smith  1589).  Upshur:  near  Buck- 
hannon  (Pollock). 


326  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

YACCINIUM  L. 

V.  NIGRUM   (Wood)   Britton. 

Dry  rocky  soil.    Pendleton  :  on  Spruce  Mountain.    Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown  (Brooks). 
V.  Pennsylvanicum  Lam.     Dwarf  Blueberry. 

Dry  hills.    Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (Ma/x?/).    Brooke  :  near 
Wellsburg  (Mcric  &  Gnttenberg). 
V.  vacillans  Kalm.    Low  Blueberry. 

Opens.    Brooke:  near  Wellsburg  {Mertz  &  Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  {Nuttall).    Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  {Pollock).     Webster:  on  the  highest  rock 
at  the  summit  of  Tater  Knob  {H.  H.  Smith  1497). 
V.  CORYMBOSUM  L.     Swamp  Blueberry.    "Seedy  Deerberry." 

Swampy  thickets.    Preston  :  Kingwood  Glades ;  Terra  Alta 
Glades.     Webster :  Welch,  Upper  and  Long  Glades. 
V.  pallidum  Ait. 

Glady  regions.     Webster  :  in  Upper  Glade.     Upshur :  near 
Buckhannon    {Pollock). 
V.  Canadense  Richards. 

In  wet  places.  Preston:  in  a  swamp  near  Cranesville  {A. 
B.  Brooks;  Rumsey;  Sheldon  1497). 

OXYCOCCUS  Hill. 

O.  MACROCARPUS   (Ait.)   Pers.     Cranberry.     {Vacciiiiuiii  macro- 
car  pon-  Ait.). 

Glades.   Webster:  Welch,  Long  and  Upper  Glades.     (This 
station  will  be  lost  in  a  few  years,  as  drainage  is  being  prac- 
tised  here   to    reclaim   the   land).      Preston:   Glade   Farms, 
Morgan's  Glade,  Cranberry,  Reedsville  and  Terra  Alta. 
O.  OxYcoccus  (L.)  MacM. 

In  cold  bogs.     PocaJ^ontas :  Cranberry  Glades ;  abundant 
in   the   open   glades;   Round   and   Flag  Glades    {Sheldon). 
Tucker:  in  open  glades    {Brooks).     Preston:  near  Cranes- 
ville {Sheldon  1458). 
O.  ERYTHROCARPU.s  (Michx.)  Pers.  {Vacciniurn  Michx.) 

Pocahontas :  summit  Spruce  Knob,  alt.  4,800  ft. 

CHIOGENES  Salisb. 

C.  HispiDULA   (L.),  T.  &  G.     Creeping  Snowberry. 

Tucker :  on  rocks  in  the  mist  of  Blackwater  Fall. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  327 

D  I  A  P  E  N  S  I  A  C  E  AE. 
GALAX  L. 

G.    APHYLLA    L. 

Woodlands.     Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg-  (iV?///a//).     Mon- 
ongalia :  Dille   Farm   near  Morgantown. 

P  R  I  M  U  L  A  C  E  AE. 

SAMOLUS  L. 

S.    FLORIBUNDUS  H.   B.   K. 

Sandy    places.      Summers :    shores    of    New    River    near 
Hinton   (Millspaitgli,  Egglcston  5518). 

LYSIMACHIA  L. 

L.  ouADRiFOLiA  L.     Loosestrife, 

Moist  soils.     In  all  sections  of  the  State  visited. 
L.  TERRESTRis  (L.),  B.  S.  P.  (L.  stj'icta  Ait.). 

Wet  places.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  in  railroad  ditches, 
infrequent   (Nuttall).     Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Island    {Mertz  & 
Guttenberg).     Wood:  near  Kanawha  Station. 
L.  NuMMULARiA  L.     Moncy-wort. 

Escaped  from  cultivation.     Wood :  near  Lockhart's  Run, 
profuse. 

STEIRONEMA  Raf. 

S.   CILIATUM    (L.)    Raf. 

Low  grounds  and  ditches.  Randolph :  on  Rich  Mountain, 
alt.  1,610-2,125  ft.;  on  Point  Mountain  {Mills paugh)  ;  Dry 
Fork  River  near  Harman  {Grccnman  237).  Grant:  near 
Bayard.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Brozvn).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nitttall)  ;  near  Hawk's  Nest.  Tucker:  near 
Davis. 
S.  LANCEOLATUM   (Walt.)  Gray. 

Low   grounds.     Wood :  near  Kanawha   Station.     Lewis : 
along  Stone  Coal  Creek.     Randolph:  along  Tygart's  Valley 
River.     Monongalia  :  Camp  Eden. 
Var.  ANGUSTiFOLiuM  (Lam.)  Gray. 

Low  grounds.     Monongalia :  Sandy  banks  of  Cheat  River 
above  Camp  Eden. 

NAUMBERGIA  Moench. 

N.  THYRSiFLORA  (L.)  Duby.     Pyramidal  Loosestrife.     (Lysuna- 
chia  L.). 


328  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Wet  meadows  near  the  mountains.  Upshur :  near  Buck- 
hannon.  Randolph :  along-  Tygart's  Valley  River.  Mor- 
gan :  near  Hancock. 

TRIENTALIS  L. 

A.  Americana  (Pers.)  Pursh.     Star  Flower. 

Damp  cool  woods.  Mineral :  near  Piedmont.  Grant :  near 
Bayard.  Tucker :  along  Blackwater  Fork  of  Cheat.  Pres- 
ton :  near  Terra  Alta.     Monongalia :  near  Laurel  Point. 

ANAGALLIS  L. 

A.  arvensis  L.    Poor  Man's  Weather-glass. 

Waste  places.  Jefferson:  near  Bolivar  Heights  {Merts  & 
Guttcnherg)  ;  in  crevices  of  old  walls  at  Harpers  Ferry 
{Greene).     Wayne:  near  Fort  Gay  {Hopkins). 

DODECATHEON  L. 

D,  Meadia  L.     Shooting  Star. 

Rich  woods.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  {Workman).  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 

E  B  E  N  A  C  E  AE. 

DIOSPYROS  L. 

D.  Virginiana  L.     Persimmon.    Date  Plum. 

Thickets  and  opens.  Wood :  throughout.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel). 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Wirt :  along  Little  Kana- 
wha River.  Jackson  :  near  Ripley.  Lewis :  along  Leading 
Creek. 

STYRACACEAE. 

MOHRODENDRON  Britton. 

M.  Carolinum    (L.)    Britton.       "Shittimwood."        (HaJesia  fet 
rapt  era  L.). 

Banks  of  streams.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
below  Gauley  Bridge.     Summers  :  near  Hinton,  abundant 

OLE  ACE  AE. 

FRAXINUS  L. 

F.  Americana  L.    White  Ash. 

Rich  woods.     Frequent  throughout  the  State.     Fine  spect- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  329 

mens  of  very  large  growth  in  Randolph  Co.,  especially  on 
Channel  ridge  where  the  species  grows  very  tall,  and  at 
Pickens  where  specimens  were  measured  from  3  to  6  ft.  in 
diameter. 

F.  Pennsylvanica  Marsh.     Red  or  Black  Ash.     (F.  pubescens 
Lam. ) . 

Low  grounds.  Randolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River. 
Upshur:  near  Lawrence.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nutt- 
all) .  Wood  :  along  the  Little  Kanawha  River.  Mason  :  neai 
Point  Pleasant. 

F.  lanceolata  Borck.    Green  Ash.  {F.  viridis  Michx.). 

Along  streams.  Summers :  near  Hinton.  Frequent 
throughout  the  State. 

F.  NIGRA  Marsh.     Black  Ash.  (F.  sambucifolia  Lam.). 

Wet  woods.     Wirt:  along  Straight  Creek.     Fayette:  neai 

Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall).    Randolph:  on  Point  Mountain. 

Webster :   Buffalo  Bull  Mountain.     Monongalia :  near  Ice's 

Ferry.     Summers :  Hinton. 

CHIONANTHUS  L. 

C.  ViRGiNiCA  L.    Fringe  Tree. 

River  banks.  Jackson  :  near  Sandy  and  Ripley.  Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  (Nuttall)  ;  along  Gauley  River 
near  Gauley  Mountains  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Thurmond 
(Hggleston  5560)  ;  near  Hawks  Nest  (Holton)  in  fruit. 
Summers  :  near  Hinton.     Monongalia  :  along  Tibb's  Run. 

LIGUSTRUM  L. 

L.  vuLGARE  L.     Privet. 

Escaped  from  cultivation  to  waste  places.  Kanawha : 
near  Charleston  (Barnes).  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H. 
Smith  2024). 

LOGANIACEAE. 

CYNOCTONUM  J.  G.  Gmel. 
(Mitreola  R.  Br.  1810). 

C.  Mitreola  (L.)  Britton.  (M.  petiolata  T.  &  G.) 

Damp   soil.      Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg;   rare    (Nuttall). 


330  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

GENTIANACEAE. 

SABBATIA  Adans. 

S.  ANGULARis  (L.)  Pursli.     Centaury. 

Rich  soil.  Jackson  and  Wood  counties,  frequent.  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nntt- 
all).  Monongalia:  near  Easton.  Summers:  near  Hinton. 
Harrison  :  near  Lumberport.     Marion  :  near  Clements. 

S.    LANCEOLATA    (Walt.)    T.   &  G. 

Wet  places.     Marion:  near  Fairmont   (Botitlon). 

GENTIANA  L. 

G.  QuiNQUEFOLiA  L.     Four-leavcd  Gentian.       (G.  quinqucilora. 
Lam.). 

Opens.       Doddridge :    near    Long    Run.      Hardy :    near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).    Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
G.  Andrewsii  Griseb.     Andrew's  Gentian. 

Moist   woods.      Fayette :   near  Nuttallburg,   alt.   2,000   ft 
(Nuttall).     Monongalia:  near  Cheat  View.     Preston:  near 
Reedsville.     Webster:  (//.  H.  Smith). 
G.  Saponaria  L,     Soapwort.    Gentian. 

Moist  woods.  Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  (Sclby). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

G.  linearis  Froel. 

Boggy  places.     Preston:  near  Terra  Alta  and  Morgan's 
Glade. 
G.  FLAviDA  A.  Gray.    Yellow  Gentian. 

In  moist  soils,  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

OBOLARIA  l. 

O.  ViRGiNiCA  L.     Pennywort. 

Moist  woods.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma/'^/).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).     McDowell:  near  Elkhorn. 

BARTONIA  Muhl. 

B.  ViRGiNicA  (L.)  B.  S.  P.    Yellow  Bartonia. 

In  moist  situations.  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  331 

MENYANTHACEAE. 

MENYANTHES  Linn. 

M.  TRiFOLiATA  Limi.     Buckbean. 

In  cool  bogs,  Preston:  near  Cranesville  (Sheldon).  Poca- 
hontas: Cranberry  Glades  (Brooks). 

APOCYNACEAE. 
APOCYNUM  L. 

A.  ANDROSAEMiFOLiuM  L.    Spreading  Dog's-bane. 

Meadows,  fields,  and  borders  of  thickets.  Randolph: 
near  Cricard  P.  O. ;  near  Valley  Head.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant, 
Brighton  and  Buffalo.  , 

A.  CANNABiNUM  L.    "Rheumatism  weed."    Indian  Hemp.    "Wild 
Cotton." 

Moist  grounds,  fields,  and  banks  of  streams.  Frequent 
or  common  throughout  the  State.  Tucker :  banks  of  the 
Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks  (Greenman  274).  Jeffer- 
son: dry  uplands  near  Harpers  Ferry  (Greene). 

A.  ALBUM  Greene. 

Jefferson :  alluvial  banks  of  both  rivers  at  Harpers  Ferry 
(Greene). 
A.  PUBESCENS  R.  Br. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

ASCLEPIADACEAE. 

ASCLEPIAS  L. 

A.  TUBEROSA  L.    Pleurisy-root. 

Fields  and  meadows.  Wood :  near  Leachtown.  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown  and  at  Camp  Eden.  Lewis :  along- 
Leading  and  Stone  Coal  Creeks.  Webster :  near  Long  Glade. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).;  near  Kanawha  Falls 
(James)  ;  near  Gauley  Bridge  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Hawk's 
Nest  (Holt on).  Jackson:  near  Fisher's  Point.  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Mapel:  Brozvn).  Doddridge:  near  Smith- 
ton.  Jefferson  :  near  Shenandoah  Jc.  Berkeley :  near  Mar- 
tinsburg.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

A.    RUBRA  L. 

Damp  woods.     McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 


332  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

A.  PURPURASCENS  L.     Purple  Milk-weed. 

Damp  grounds.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
near  Quinnimont.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield   (Ga)iible). 

A.    VARIEGATA    L. 

Dry  woods.     Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.    Upshur :  near  School 
House  Summit.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble).     Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Kanawha:  near  Charles- 
ton (Holt  on). 
A.  INCARNATA  L.     Swamp  Milk-weed. 

Wet  places.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Gilmer  :  along 
Tanner's  Fork.  Randolph :  along  Tygart's  Valley  River, 
alt.  1,963-2,200  ft.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Monongalia :  near  Stewartown.  Summers :  near  Hinton. 
Kanawha :  near  Charleston.  Marion :  near  Worthington 
Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
A.  PULCHRA  Ehrh. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
A.  Syriaca  L.    Milk-weed.  (A.  Cornuti,  Dec). 

Fields    and    roadsides.      Common    throughout    the    State, 
even  in  the  wildest  portions.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
A.    EXALT  ATA  (L.)  Muhl.    Poke  Milk-weed.     (A.  phytolaccoide.s', 
Pursh.). 

Moist  copses.  Randolph :  near  Valley  Bend ;  on  Point 
MouVitain,  alt.  1,963-3,300  ft.  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta. 
Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker  :  near  Davis.  Fayette  :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
A.  AMPLExicAULis  J.  E.  Smith.  (A.  obtusifolia  Mx.). 

Dry  fields.  Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant  (Sheldon). 
A.  QUADRiFOLiA  Jacq.     Four-leaved  Milk-weed. 

Open  woodlands.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Workman). 
Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes).  Gilmer:  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Mon- 
ongalia: near  Mapel  Run  (Brown).  Summers:  near  Hin- 
ton.   Hardy :  near  Moorefield  ( Gamble) . 

ACERATES  Ell. 

A.  viRiDiFLORA  (Raf.)  Eaton.     Green-flowered  Milk-weed. 

Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Mineral :  near  Keyser.  Jefiferson  :  near  Charlestown.  Jack- 
son :  along-  Limestone  Ridge. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  333 

.  GONOLOBUS  Michx. 

G.  LAEVis  Michx. 

Climbing  over  weeds  and  fences.  Mason :  near  Point 
Pleasant.  Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.  An  abundant  weed  about 
Charleston,  Kanawha  County  (Bontlou)  ;  in  the  Salinas 
(Holton). 

C  O  N  V  O  L  V  U  L  A  C  E  AE. 

OUAMOCLIT  Aloench. 

Q.  cocciNEA  (L.)  Moench.  Scarlet  Morning-glory.   (Ipomoca'L.) 
Waste  grounds.      Monongalia :   near   Morgantown.     Ala- 
son  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 

IPOMOEA  L. 

I.  HEDERACEA  Jacq.     Ivy-leavcd  Morning-glory. 

Waste  places.  Mason :  sandy  banks  of  the  Ohio  near 
Point  Pleasant.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  banks  of  New- 
River  (Nuttall).  Berkeley,  near  Martinsburg.  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  (Gauible).  Kanawha:  at  the  Salinas 
(Holton). 
I.  PURPUREA   (L.)   Roth.     Morning-glory. 

Fields,  cultivated  grounds  and  waste  places.  ]\Iineral : 
near  Keyser  {Workman).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run.  Monongalia  :  near  Mor- 
gantown. Jackson  :  near  Sandy ville.  Mason  and  Putnam : 
an  abundant  weed  in  corn  fields.  Mineral  Co.,  opposite 
Cumberland,  Md.  (Small). 
I.  PANDURATA  (L.)  Meyer.     "Wild  Sweet  Potato." 

Fields,  roadsides,  and  waste  places.  Monongalia :  near 
Stewartown,  Morgantown  and  Glenville.  Marion :  near 
Houghtown,  Opekiska,  and  Fairmont.  Wood:  near  Kana- 
wha Station  and  Lockhart's  Run.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville 
(Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Green- 
brier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Monroe :  near  Alder- 
son.  Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Summers  :  near  Hinton. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield   (Gamble). 

Reported  as  a  troublesome  weed,  from  the  following 
localities :  INIarion  :  near  Canton,  Farmington,  Barracksville, 
Eldora,  and  Worthington.  Taylor :  near  Grafton.  Harri- 
son :  near  Clarksburg,  Bridgeport,  Good  Hope,  Mt.  Clair, 
and  Wallace.  Hampshire :  near  Slanesville,  Concord,  Three 
Churchs,  Bloomery,  Dillon's  Run,  and  Springfield.  Jeffer- 
son :  near  Summit  Point,  Shenandoah  Jc,  Middleway,  and 


334  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Kabletown.  Jackson :  near  Douglass,  Lone  Cedar,  Grass 
Lick,  Garfield,  Wikling,  Odaville,  Belgrove,  and  Kentuck. 
Ohio:  near  Alum  Grove.  Hancock:  near  New  Cumberland. 
Lincoln :  near  Hamlin.  Wood :  near  Waverly,  Belleville, 
Tyner,  Jerry's  Run,  Fountain  Spring,  Blennerhassett,  Mur- 
phy's Mills,  Deer  Walk,  and  Rockport.  Lewis :  near  Vadis, 
and  Aberdeen.  Wirt :  near  Burning-  Springs,  Morris,  Eliza- 
beth, and  Reedy  Ripple.  vSummers :  near  Forest  Hill,  Tal- 
cott,  Clayton,  and  Indian  Mills.  Preston :  near  Masontown, 
and  Reedsville.  Wetzel :  near  Endicott,  Pine  Grove,  New 
Martinsville,  and  Blake.  Mineral :  near  Patterson's  Depot, 
and  Piedmont.  Berkeley :  near  Oakton,  Martinsburg,  and 
Gerardstown.  Webster  :  near  Replete.  Ritchie  :  near  Ritchie 
C.  H.,  and  Highland.  Mercer:  near  Princeton,  Concord 
Church,  Bramwell  and  New  Hope.  Cabell :  near  Union 
Ridge  and  Milton.  Kanawha :  near  Pocotaligo,  Blandon  and 
Gazil.  Monroe :  near  Cashmere,  and  Johnson's  X  Roads. 
Wayne :  near  Adkin's  Mills,  and  Stone  Coal.  Randolph : 
near  Florence.  Doddridge :  near  Smithton,  Center  Point, 
and  Leopold.  Fayette:  near  Fayetteville.  Braxton:  near 
Bulltown,  Lloydsville,  Frametown,  and  Newville.  Tyler : 
near  Wick,  and  Long  Reach.  Roane :  near  Newton,  Looney- 
ville,  Clio,  Reedy,  Walnut  Grove  and  Peneil.  Upshur :  near 
Evergreen,  Kanawha  Head,  and  Overhill.  Barbour :  near 
Pepper.  Marshall :  near  Meighen,  and  Welcome.  Grant : 
near  Medley,  and  Greenland.  Raleigh :  near  Egeira,  and 
Raleigh  C.  H.  Greenbrier :  near  Traut  Valley,  and  White 
Sulphur  Springs.  McDowell :  near  Squire  Jim.  Mason : 
near  Maggie.  Taylor :  near  Thornton,  and  Meadland. 
Brooke :  near  Wellsburg,  and  Fowler's.  Pleasants :  near 
Schultz.  Putnam :  near  Carpenter's.  Hardy :  near  Old 
Fields.     Clay :  near  Valley  Fork. 

L    LACUNOSA   L. 

Fayette :  sandy  banks  of  New  River  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Kanawha:  at  the  Salinas  (Holton).  Jefferson: 
near  Harpers  Ferry   {Mcrriam).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 

CONVOLVULUS  L. 

C.    SPITHAMAEUS    L. 

Rocky  soil.     Mineral:  near  Keyser   {IVorkuian). 
C.  Sepium  L.     Hedge  Bindweed. 

Alluvial  soils.     Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls ;  and  along 
Decker's  Creek.     Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
C.  repens  L. 

Rocky  river  banks.  Fayette :  banks  of  New  River  near 
Nuttallburg  (A'?///a//).     Monongalia:  below  ^Morgantown. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  335 

CUSCUTACEAE. 

CUSCUTA  L. 

C.  Epithymum  Miirr.     Clover  Dodder.  (C.  trifolii  Bab.)- 

Parasitic   on    Clover.      Greenbrier:   near   White   Sulphur 
Springs. 
C.  ARVENSis  Beyrich. 

On  Ambrosia  art emisiae folia  in  very  dry  grounds  below 
Baileysville,    Wyoming   County,   alt.    1,150   ft.,   August    13- 
19,  1900  (Morris,  1203a). 
C.  Gronovii  Willd.     Dodder. 

Parasitic   on  grasses,   sedges,   and  low  weeds.      Preston : 

near   Aurora    (Air.   &   Mrs.   Steele).      Kanawha:    opposite 

Charleston    (Holton).     Frequent  in  wet  places  throughout 

the  State. 

C.  paradox  A  Raf.  (C  glomerata  Choisy.) 

Parasitic  on  Compositae.     Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls. 

POLE  M  O  N  I  A  C  E  AE. 

PHLOX  L. 

P.   PANICULATA   Linn. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
P.  PANICULATA,  Vor.  ACUMINATA   (Pursh.)   Chapm. 

Monroe:  banks  of  Greenbrier  River  (Nuttall).     Preston: 
near  Aurora    (Mr.  &  Mrs.   Steele).     Tucker:   rich   woods 
near  Parsons   (Greenman  273). 
P.  MACULATA  L.     Wild  Sweet  William. 

Grassy  woodlands  along  streams.     Wirt :  above  Burning 
Springs,  plentiful.    Upshur  :  near  Lorentz.    Randolph  :  along 
Tygart's  Valley  River  from  Beverly  to  Valley  Head.  Hardy : 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
P.  AMOENA  Sims. 

Dry  open  woods.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  frequent 
(Nuttall). 

P.    REPTANS  Michx. 

Deep  damp  woods.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker  :  near  DavisT  Fayette  :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Mercer:  near  Bluefield.  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

P.    DIVARICATA  L.  M.   &  G. 

Rocky  woods.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown  and  Stump- 
town.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel,  Brown).  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).    Mercer  :  near  Bluefield.    'L&w'is:  (Pollock). 


336  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.  suBULATA  L.     Moss  Pillk. 

Dry  rocky  places.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Workman). 
Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest  (James).  Monongalia  and 
Marion :  near  the  F.  M.  &  P.  R.  R.  Hardy :  near  Moore- 
field  (Gamble;  F.  E.  Brooks).  Mercer:  near  Bluefield, 
Greenbrier  Co.,  dry,  stony  ledges  on  Kate's  Mountain,  alt. 
3,300  ft.  (Small;  Heller  812). 
P.  Brittonii  Small,  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  27:279.  (1900). 

Perennial,  deep  green.  Stems  copiously  branched; 
branches  matted,  forming  wide  tufts,  glandular-pilose : 
leaves  numerous,  small  ones  often  clustered  in  the  axils  of 
the  larger;  blades  subulate  or  narrowly  linear-subulate,  5-10 
mm.  long,  ciliate,  especially  near  the  base :  calices  5-6mm. 
long,  glandular-pubescent  like  the  branches ;  segments  subu- 
late, about  as  long  as  the  tube :  corolla  white :  tube  curved, 
about  icm.  long;  limb  I2-I3mm.  wide;  segments  cuneate, 
with  two  pale  magenta  spots  near  the  base,  cleft  by  a  V- 
shaped  sinus  about  3mm.  deep,  usually  with  a  minute  tooth 
in  each  sinus,  tips  acute  or  acutish. 

A  relative  of  P.  subulata  but  more  delicate  in  all  its  parts. 
(Note  the  contrasting  characters  as  tabulated  in  the  original 
description  of  the  species). 

The  specimens  upon  which  the  species  is  based  were  col- 
lected by  Dr.  N.  L.  Britton,  at  White  Sulphur  Springs, 
Greenbrier  County,  May  1898. 

POLEMONIUM  L. 

P.  reptans  L.     Greek  Valerian. 

Damp    woods.      Monongalia :    in    Brand's    Woods    near 

Easton,  where  it  is  used  by  the  people  of  that  neighborhood 

as  a  stomachic  and  tonic.     Rich  woods,  near  Morgantown. 

Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
P.  Van  Bruntiae  Britton.     Jacob's  Ladder.     (P.  cocrnlcum  A. 

Gray. 

Moist  opens.  Preston:  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Merta  & 
Guttenberg) . 

HYDROPHYLLACEAE. 

HYDROPHYLLUM  L. 

H.  MACROPHYLLUM  Nutt.     Small-leavcd  Water-leaf 

Rich  woods.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Wetzel: 
near  Burton  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  337 

H.  ViRGiNicuM  L.    Water-leaf. 

Rich  woods.     Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.    Ohio  :  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Hampshire :  near  Romney. 
H.  Canadense  L.     Canadian  Water-leaf. 

Damp   rich  woods.     Monongalia  and  Marion :  along  the 
Monongahela  River.    Fayette  :  near  Kanawha  Falls  (lames). 
Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Guttenberg). 
H.  appendiculatum  Michx. 

Ohio  :  Thomas'  Hill,  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Workman).  Grant:  near  Bayard, 
Tucker :  near  the  Falls  of  Blackwater. 

PHACELIA  Juss. 

P.    BIPINNATIFIDA  Michx. 

Rich  soil.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  on  or  among  damp 
mossy  rocks  (Nuttall).     . 
P.  PuRSHii  Buckley. 

Moist   wooded   banks.      Alonongalia :    banks    of    Decker's 
Creek.     Mineral :  near  Keyser   ( Workman) .     Gilmer  :  near 
Glenville  (Mapcl). 
P.  DUBiA   (L.)   Small.  (P.  parviflora  Pursh.). 

Shaded  banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

BORAGINACEAE. 

HELIOTROPIUM  Linn. 

H.  Indicum  Linn. 

Established  on  waste  grounds  near  Harpers  Ferry,  Jeffer- 
son County  (Merriam). 

CYNOGLOSSUM  L. 

C.  officinale  L.    Hound's  Tongue.     "Dog-burr." 

Waste  places  and  roadsides.     Jefferson :  near  Shenandoah 
Jc.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Brozvn).     Hardy:  near  Moore- 
field  (Gamble).    Mercer:  generally  frequent. 
C.  ViRGiNicuM  L.    Wild  Comfrey. 

Wood  openings.  Calhoun :  near  White  Pine.  Grant : 
near  Bayard.  Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Monongalia :  near 
Morgantown.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Summers: 
near  Hinton. 


338  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

LAPPULA  Moench  (1794). 
(Echinospermum  Sw.  1818.) 

L.  Virginian  A  (L.)  Greene.     Beggar's-lice. 

Borders  and  thickets.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 

MERTENSIA  Roth. 

M.  ViRGiNicA   (L.)   DC.  Virginian  Cowshp.    Lung-wort.  Blue- 
bells. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  and  Marion ;  along  the  Monon- 
gahela  River.  Lewis  :  along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Wirt :  near 
Elizabeth.  Upshur:  near  Laurentz  {Millspaugh,  Pollock). 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel,  Brozvn).  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble). 

ONOSMODIUM  Michx. 

O.  Carolinianum  (Lam.)  DC. 

Summers :  banks  of  New  River  near  Hinton. 

MYOSOTIS  L. 

M.  palustris  (L.)  Lam.    Forget-me-not. 

Damp  places.     Jefferson:  near  Harper's  Ferry  {Merts  & 
Guttenbcrg). 
M.  LAX  A  Lehm. 

About  a  spring  near  Kegley,  Mercer  County,  alt.  2,090  ft., 
July  2 1 ,  1 900  ( Morris  1 04 1 ) . 
M.  arvensis  (L.)  Lam.     Scorpion  grass. 

Grassy  places.     Randolph:  near  Helvetia   (Gnttenberg). 

SYMPHYTUM  L. 

S.  OFFICINALE  L.     Comfrey. 

Waste  places.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Mercer: 
near  Ingleside. 

LITHOSPERMUM  L. 

L.  arvense  L.    Corn  Cromwell. 

Fields.      Ohio:    near   Wheeling    {Merts   &   Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  near  NuttaWhurg  (Nuttall). 
L.  LATiFOLiuM  Michx.     Stoue-sccd. 

Ohio  :  Cowan's  Hill  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg;  rare,  not  found  in  1891  {Nutt- 
all).     Monongalia:  near  Little  Falls  {Walker). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  339 

L.  CANESCENS  (Michx.)   Lehm.     Puccoon. 

Open  woods.  Mineral:  on  Knobby  Mountain  {Workman  ). 
Hardy:  near  Old  Fields  (Hopkins)  ;  and  Moorefield  {Gam- 
ble).    Hampshire  :  near  Romney  {Millspaugh). 

ECHIUM  L. 

E.  vuLGARE  L.     "Blue  Weed."     "Blue  Devils."     "Blue  Thistle." 
"Blue  Stem." 

Fields  and  waste  ground.  JeiTerson  :  abundant  especially 
near  Charlestown,  where  there  are  many  fields  absolutely 
blue  with  the  plant.  Dr.  Gray  says  of  his  trip  through  this 
country:  "From  the  moment  we  entered  the  valley,  we 
observed  such  immense  quantities  of  Echium  vulgare,  that 
we  were  no  longer  surprised  at  the  doubt  expressed  by 
Pursh  whether  it  were  really  an  introduced  plant ;"  near 
Shenandoah  Junction;  Shepherdstown  and  Harper's  Ferry. 
Randolph:  along  Tygart's  Valley  River;  near  Huttonsvill'e, 
and  up  Riffles  Creek.  Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg,  plentiful. 
Morgan:  near  Hancock,  Cacapon  and  Orleans"  X  Roads. 
Mineral :  near  Keyser,  and  Piedmont.  Fayette :  near  Kana- 
wha Falls  {James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Kanawha: 
opposite  Coalburg.  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Jefiferson  :  near 
Summit  Point.  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
Hardy :  near  Moorefield. 

Also  reported  from  :  Jefferson  :  near  Ripon,  Summit  Point. 
Middleway  and  Kabletown.  Berkeley:  near  Oakton  and 
Hedgesyille.  Morgan:  near  Rock  Gap.  Hanipshire :  near 
Slanesville,  Concord,  Romney,  Three  Churches,  Dillon's  Run, 
Higginsville,  Sedan,  Purgitsville  and  Springfield.  Mineral: 
near  Blaine.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield,  Wardensville  and 
Old  Fields.  Grant :  near  Medley,  Greenland  and  Petersburg. 
Tucker :  near  Hendricks  and  St.  Georges.  Pendleton :  near 
Franklin  and  Upper  Tract.  Pocahontas:  near  Lobelia. 
Greenbrier  :  near  Williamsburg  and  Fort  Spring.  Summers  • 
near  Talcott.  Mercer :  near  Princton  and  New  Hope.  Mc- 
Dowell :  near  Squire  Jim.  Wood  :  near  Waverly.  Lewis : 
near  Vadis  and  Aberdeen.  Barbour :  near  Old  Field.  Web- 
ster :  near  Replete.  Wetzel :  near  Endicott.  Doddridge : 
near  Smithton.  Marshall :  near  Lowdenville.  Roane  :  near 
Clio  and  Walnut  Grove.  Kanawha  :  near  Tornado.  Taylor : 
near  Thornton ;  and  Clay :  near  Valley  Fork. 


340  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

VERBENACEAE. 

VERBENA  L. 

V.  OFFICINALIS  L.     Vervain. 

Waste   grounds.     Jefferson :   plentiful   at   Harpers    Ferry 
(Alerts  &  Guttenbcrg;  Greene). 
V.  URTiCAEFOLiA  L.     White  Vervain. 

Waste  or  open  grounds.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
V.  HASTATA  L.     Blue  A'ervain. 

Damp  waste  grounds  and  roadsides.  Frequent  throughout 
the  State.     In  some  regions  rare. 

V.    ANGUSTIFOLIA   Michx. 

Roadsides  and  waste  places.  Throughout  Jefferson  County. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

LIPPIA  L. 

L.  LANCEOLATA  Michx.     Fog  Fruit. 

Waste  grounds.  Ohio  :  near  West  Wheeling  (Alert:;  & 
Gutteiiberg).  Mason:  banks  of  the  Ohio  River  near  Point 
Pleasant. 

L  A  B  I  A  T  AE. 

ISANTHUS  Michx. 

I.  BRACHIATUS  (L.)   B.  S.  P.     False  Pennyroyal.     (I.  coeruleus, 
Michx.). 

Mineral :  opposite  Cumberland,  Md.  (Alerts  &  Gutt en- 
berg)  . 

TEUCRIUM  L. 

T.  Canadense  L.     Germander.    Wood  Sage. 

Low  grounds.  Wood :  ditches  near  Kanawha  Station, 
Jackson:  near  Sandyville.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Alapel). 
Cabell:  near  Barboursville  (James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg,  profile  of  expanded  flower  resembles  a  deer's  head 
(Nuttall).  Monongalia:  near  Ice's  Ferry.  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble). 

TRICHOSTEMA  L. 

T.  DiCHOTOMUM  L.     Bastard  Pennyroyal. 

Dry  fields.  Mason  :  near  Brighton.  Hardy :  near  Moore- 
field (Gamble). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  34I 

SCUTELLARIA  L. 

S.  LATERIFLORA  L.    Mad-dog  Skull-cap. 

Wet  shady  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
S.  CORDIFOLIA    Muhl.    vor.    MINOR     (Chapm.).      (S.    versicolor 
minor  Chapm.) .  4 

Rich  soil.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  On  vis- 
iting Mr.  Nuttall's  station  for  this  species,  a  moss  covered 
boulder,  I  was  impressed  with  the  great  beauty  of  this  little 
skull-cap,  which,  in  its  mossy  bed,  resembled  a  bright  blue 
bit  of  color  upon  a  Fairy's  palette. 

S.  SAXATiLis  Riddell. 

Moist  shady  banks.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
along  the  north  bank  of  the  Great  Kanawha  River  near 
Kanawha  Falls.  Jefferson :  under  cliffs  along  the  Shenan- 
doah River  at  Harpers  Ferry  (Greene). 

S.  SERRATA  Andrews. 

Woodlands:  Kanawha:  near  Charleston   (Barnes).     Put- 
nam: near  Buffalo.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
S.  iNCANA  Muhl.  (S.  cancscens  Nutt.). 

Ditches  and  moist  places.     Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.     Kana- 
wha: up  8  Mile  Creek  (Millspaugh) .    Upshur:  near  Buck- 
hannon  (Pollock). 
S.  piLosA  Michx. 

Dry  mountain  sides.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Var.  HiRSUTA  (Short)  Gray. 

With  the  preceding.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

S.    INTEGRIFOLIA  L. 

Low  grounds.     Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station,  abundant. 
S.  PARVULA  Michx. 

Sandy  banks.  Wood :  near  Parkersburg  (Mert::  &  Gut- 
tenberg).    Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant. 

S.    GALERICULATA  L. 

Wet  shady  places.  Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes)  ; 
near  Pocataligo.  Jackson :  near  Fisher's  Point.  Gilmer . 
near  Fisher's  Point;  near  Glenville  (Brown). 

Waste  grounds,  escaped  from  gardens.     Randolph :  near 
Forma  albiflora  Millsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  42S. 

Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Barnes). 
S.  NERVOSA  Pursh. 

Moist  thickets.  Monongalia :  on  The  Flats  near  Morgan- 
town  (Millspaugh).    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts  2062). 


342  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

MARRUBIUM  L. 

M.  vuLGARE  L.    Horehonnd, 

Waste  grounds,  escaped  from  gardens.  Randolph :  near 
Ford's.     Jefferson  :  near  Shepherdstown,  plentiful. 

AGASTACHEClayt.  (1762). 
(Lopliaiithus.  Benth,  1834.) 

A.  NEPETOiDES   (L.)    Kuutze.     Giant  Hyssop. 

Ohio:  near  Wheeling-  {Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
A.  scROPHULARiAEFOLiA  (Willd.)  Kuntze. 

Woods  and  thickets.  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

MEEHANIA  Britton. 

M.  CORDATA   (Nutt.)   Britton  (Cedronella  Bth.). 

Moist,  shady  ravines.  Kanawha :  near  Charleston 
(Barnes).  Fayette  :  near  Kanawha  Falls  (/a/uf'.y).  Gilmer: 
near  Glenville  (Mapcl;  Brozvn).  Randolph:  summit  of 
Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,700  ft.  Monongalia :  near  Round 
Bottoms ;  opposite  Little  Falls.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).  Taylor: 
near  Grafton  (Canby).     Hancock :  near  Fairview  (Hill). 

NEPETA  L. 

N.  CATARiA  L.     Catnip. 

Roadsides  and  waste  places.  Common  throughout  the 
State. 

Found  at  various  points  in  the  higher  Alleghanies,  remote 
from  dwellings. 

GLECOMA  L. 

G.  HEDERACDA  L.     Grouud  Ivv.     Gill-over-the-ground.    (Nepeta 
Bth.). 

Abundant  throughout  the  settled  portions  of  the  State. 

PRUNELEA  L. 

P.  VULGARIS  L.    Heal-all.  (Brunella  Bth.). 

All  situations,  common  throughout  the  State. 
Forma  albi flora  (Boggenhard)   Britt. 

Jackson :  on  Limestone  Ridge. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  343 

SYNANDRA  Nutt. 

S.  HiSPiDULA  (Michx.)   Britten. 

Wet  places.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts). 

PHYSOSTEGIA  Benth. 

P.  ViRGiNiANA   (L.)   Benth.     False  Dragon-head. 

Wet  places.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ;  near 
Kanawha  Falls  (James). 

GALEOPSIS  L. 

G.  Tetrahit  L.    Hemp  Nettle. 

Waste  places.  Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta ;  near  Cranberry 
Summit  {Merts  &  Guttenberg)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

LEONURUS  L. 

L.  Cardiaca  L.     Motherwort. 

Waste    places    near    dwellings.      Monongalia :    near    Ice's 
■    Ferry.     Hardy :  near  Moorefield.     Mercer :  near  Princeton. 
Jefferson :  near  Shenandoah  Jc. 

LAMIUM  L. 

L.  AMPLEXicAULE  L.     Dead  Nettle. 

Escaped  from  Gardens.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all).   Monongalia:  plentiful  on  the  College  Campus. 

L.    MACULATUM   L. 

Escaped  and  established  from  gardens.    Preston  :  at  Bruce- 
ton  (Rumsey). 
L.  purpureum  Linn. 

Established  in  waste  grounds  near  Morgantown,  Monon- 
galia County  (Sheldon  4267). 

STACHYS  L. 

S.    TENUIFOLIA    WiUd. 

In   a   moist   field,   Monongalia :   near    Sabraton    (Sheldon 
4322). 
S.  PALusTRis  L.     Hedge  Nettle. 

Wet  grounds.    Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Brozvn). 

S.  ASPERA  Michx. 

Damp  places.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 


344  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Var.  GLABRA  Gray. 

Damp  places.  Mason  :  banks  of  the  Ohio  River  near  Point 
Pleasant,  common. 

S.   CORDATA  Ridd. 

Rocky  thickets.     Wirt :  near  Elizabeth. 

SALVIA  L. 

M.  LYRATA  L.     Sage. 

Meadows.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (NiittaU).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Ma- 
pel).     Mercer:  near  Ingleside. 

MONARDA  L. 

M.  DiDYMA  L.     Bee-balm.     Oswego-Tea. 

Moist  places.  Randolph :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,350  ft. ; 
near  Valley  Head.  Mineral :  near  Davis.  Grant  and  Tucker 
on  W.  Va.  Central  R.  R.  Monroe:  near  Alderson.  Hardy: 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H. 
Smith  1409).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

M.  FiSTULOSA  L.     Wild  Bergamot. 

Dry  soils.  Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Gilmer  :  near  DeKalb, 
abundant;  near  Glenville  (Map el).  Randolph:  summit  of 
Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,700  ft.  Monongalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry. 
Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nut fall)  ;  near  Kanawha  Falls 
(James).  Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  (James).  Greenbrier: 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Marion :  near  Fairmont. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

M.   MEDIA  Willd. 

Moist  grounds.  Mineral :  along  Abraham's  Creek.  Sum- 
mers :  near  Greenbrier  Stockyards.  Monroe :  near  Aider- 
son. 

M.  SCABRA  Beck. 

Shady  places.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

M.  Clinopodia  L.     Basil  Balm. 

Woods  and  thickets,  Webster:  near  Tater  Knob;  and 
Nicholas:  near  Richwood  (H.  H.  Smith  1414,  1521,  1744)- 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

BLEPHILIA  Raf. 

B.  HiRSUTA  (Pursh.)  Torrey. 

Fields  and  fence  rows.  Randolph :  summit  of  Rich  Moun- 
tain, alt.  3,000  ft.  Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest  (James). 
Preston :  near  Terra  Alta. 


■  WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  345 

B.  CILIATA    (L.)    Raf. 

On  dry  banks  at  Bargers  Spring,  Summers  County,  alt. 
1,500  ft.,  July  13,  1900  (Morris,  999)  ;  thickets  near  Keg- 
ley,  Mercer  County,  alt.  2,100  ft.,  July  2y,  1900  (Morris, 
1067). 

HEDEOMA  Pers. 

H.  PULEGioiDES  (L.)   Pers.     American  Pennyroyal. 

Dry  fields  and  woods.     Common  throughout  the  State, 

MELISSA  L. 

M.  OFFICINALIS  L.    Balm. 

Escaped  from  gardens.  Kanawha :  up  8-Mile  Creek. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall). 

CLINOPODIUM  L.   (1753). 
(Calamintha  Moench.  1794.) 

C.  Calamintha  (L.)  Kuntze.     Basil. 

Dry  soils.  Upshur :  near  Buckhannon.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall).  Randolph:  near  Crickard  P.  O. 
C.  VULGARE  Linn.     Basil. 

Roadside,  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1368, 
1476).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

KOELLIA  Moen.  (1794). 
(Pycnanthemum,  Michx.  1803.) 

K.  FLEXuosA  (Walt.)  MacM.  (P.  linifolium  Pursh.) 

Dry  grounds.  Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station  and  Lock- 
hart's  Run.  Fayette :  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Preston:  near  Terra  Alta.  Sum- 
mers :  near  Hinton.  Monroe :  near  Alderson.  Upshur : 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

K.  VERTiciLLATA  (Michx.)   Kuntzc.  (P.  Torreyi  Bth.). 

Dry   soil.     Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall).      Sum- 
mers :  near  Hinton. 
K.  cLiNOPODioiDES  (T.  &  G.  )  Kuutze. 

Dry  soil.     Nicholas:  near  Beaver  Mills,  alt.  2,125  ^^^ 
K.  PYCNANTHEMOiDES    (Lcavenw.)    Kuntze.      (P.   Tullia  Bth.). 
Open  woods  and  banks.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  com- 
mon (Nuttall). 


346  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

K.  INCANA   (L.)   Kuntze.     Mountain  Mint. 

Dry   soils.     Wirt :   near   Burning   Springs   and   Elizabeth 
Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 
K.  MONTANA  (Michx.)  Kuutze. 

Rocky  river  banks.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  rare.     Not 
found  in  1891   (Nuttall). 
K.  MUTiCA  (Michx.)   Britton. 

Sandy    soils.      Webster:    Hacker   Valley    (H.   H.    Smith 

1557)- 

K.    ViRGINIANA    (L.)     McM. 

Dry  roadsides  and  pasture  lands.  Randolph :  near  Elkins 
(Greeiiman  473). 

CUNILA  L. 

C.  ORiGANOiDES  (L.)  Britton.    Dittany.  (C  Mariana  L.). 

Dry  hillsides.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  {Map el).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall).  Wetzel:  near  Burton  (Merts 
&  Guttenbcrg). 

LYCOPUS  L. 

L.  UNiFLORUS  Michx. 

L.  communis  and  memhranaceus  of  Bicknell.     Randolph : 
near  Cheat  Bridge  {Sheldon  2609). 
L.  ViRGiNicus  L.    Bugle  Weed. 

Low,  wet  grounds.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
L.  Americanus  Muhl.  (L.  sinuatus  Ell.). 

Low,  wet  ground.     Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 

MENTHA  L. 

M.  spicata  L.     Spearmint.  {M.  viridis  L.) 

Low  grounds   and  damp  places.     Frequent,   even  at  tho 
higher  altitudes. 
M.  piperita  L.     Peppermint. 

A  frequent  escape  along  springy  brooklets.  Gilmer :  along 
Tanner's  Fork.  Randolph :  on  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,050 
ft.  Jackson :  near  Sandyville.  Gilmer :  near  Glenville 
{Mapcl).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  {Nuttall). 
Summers:  near  Hinton.  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
M.  arvensis  glabrata  (Benth.)   Fernald. 

Moist  places.  Randolph:  along  Gandy  Creek  {Greenmaii 
469). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  347 

M.  SATivA  L.     Whorled  Mint. 

Monroe:  banks  of  Greenbrier  River  (Nuttall). 
M.  Canadensis  L.    Wild  Mint. 

Wet  places.  Randolph :  along  the  road  up  Point  Moun- 
tain, alt.  2,325  ft.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nutt- 
all). Tucker  :  near  Hendricks  (Grcenman  24^,).  Summers: 
near  Hinton. 

COLLINSONIA  L. 

C.  Canadensis  L.     Rich-weed.     Stone-root. 

Rich,  damp  woods.  Randolph :  along  Staunton  pike  up 
Riffles  Creek,  alt.  2,7(X)  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  some  plants  with  elliptical  leaves^ 
acute  at  both  ends  3^  in.  wide  by  10  inches  long  {Nuttall). 
Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn. 
Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Tucker:  rich 
woods  near  Parsons  {Greemnan  319,  322). 

PERILLA  Ard. 

P.  frutescens  (L.)  Britton. 

Established  in  waste  grounds,  Jefferson  :  at  Harpers  Ferry 
{Greene). 
P.  frutescens  Nankinensis  (Lour)  Britton. 

Escaped   and   established   in   waste   places.      Monongalia: 
near  Morgantown  (Millspaugh).   Monroe:  at  Sweet  Springs 
(Steele). 
P.  OCYMOIDES  L.  var.  crispa  Bth. 

Waste  ground.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 

SOLANACEAE. 

SOLANUM  L. 

S.  Dulcamara  L.     Bitter-sweet. 

Damp  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State,  but  not  so 
much  so  as  the  next. 
S.  NIGRUM  L.     Common  Nightshade. 

Fields,     roadsides,    and    cultivated     grounds.  .    Common 
throughout  the  State. 
S.  Carolinense  L.     Horse  Nettle.     "Radical  Weed." 

Becoming  a  detestable  weed  in  fields  and  forests.  Cal- 
houn :  along  Leading  Creek.  Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station. 
Wirt :  near  Elizabeth.  Randolph  :  near  Cricard  P.  O.  Web- 
ster :  on  Buffalo  Bull  Mountains.  Nicholas :  near  Beaver 
Mills.      Gilmer:    near    Glenville    (Mapel).      Fayette:    near 


348  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Monongalia:  near  Ice's  Ferry. 
Cabell :  near  Barboursville.  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  Monroe  :  near  Alderson.  Summers  :  near  Hinton. 
Kanawha :  near  Charleston.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Jefferson  :  near  Flowing  Springs,  and  Shepherdstown.  Mer- 
cer :  near  Ingleside. 

Reported  as  a  troublesome  weed  from :  Harrison :  neat 
Clarksburg,  Wilsonburg,  Good  Hope,  Mt.  Clair,  and  Wal- 
lace. Ohio :  near  Elm  Grove  and  West  Liberty.  Wood : 
near  Waverly,  Belleville,  Deer  Walk  and  Kanawha  Station 
Hardy :  near  Moorefield  and  Wardensville.  Grant :  near 
Medley  and  Petersburg.  Jefferson  :  near  Moore's  and  Kable- 
town.  Summers :  near  Forest  Hill  and  Talcott.  Wetzel : 
near  Endicott,  Pine  Grove,  New  Martinsville  and  Blake. 
Mineral :  near  Patterson's  Depot,  and  Blaine.  Wirt :  near 
Burning  Springs,  Morris,  Evelyn,  and  Reedy  Ripple.  Jack- 
son :  near  Grass  Lick,  and  Odaville.  Cabell :  near  Union 
Ridge,  and  Barboursville,  Taylor  :  near  Knottsville.  Wayne : 
near  Stone  Coal,  and  Adkin's  Mills.  Doddridge :  near  Smith- 
ton,  and  Center  Point.  Marshall :  near  Knoxville,  and  Wel- 
come. Braxton  :  near  Bulltown,  and  Tate  Creek.  Berkeley  : 
near  Hedgesville.  Mercer :  near  Bramwell,  and  New  Hope. 
Roane :  near  Looneyville,  Clio,  Reedy,  and  Pencil.  Poca- 
hontas :  near  Lobelia.  Kanawha  :  near  Blandon.  Greenbrier : 
near  Trout  Creek.  McDowell :  near  Squire  Jim.  Mason ; 
near  Maggie.  Brooke :  near  Wellsburg.  Marion :  near 
Mannington.  Taylor :  near  Grafton.  Upshur :  near  Kana- 
wha, Head,  Overhill,  and  Hemlock.  Hampshire :  near 
Higginsville  and  Springfield.  Tyler :  near  Long  Reach. 
Webster :  near  Welch  Glade.  Clay :  near  Valley  Fork, 
Randolph:  railroad  tracks  at  Elkins  (Greenvian  268).  This 
species  and  Vcrbesina  occidentalis  were  the  commonest 
weeds  throughout  the  southeastern  counties  {Morris). 
S.  ROSTRATUM  Dunal. 

Waste  places.    Wayne:  near  Bo  wen  (Rtimsey). 
S.  TUBEROSUM  Linn. 

Established  at  the  edge  of  a  wood,  Randolph :  near  Pick- 
ens (H.  H.  Smith  1442). 

PHYSALIS  L. 

P.  Philadelphica  Lam. 

Rich  opens.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (A/'m/^o//). 

P.  angulata  L.    Ground  Cherry. 

Open  rich  grounds.     Grant :  near  Bayard.     Gilmer :  near 
Glenville  (Mapel).    Wood:  near  Kanawha  Station. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  349 

P.    PUBESCENS  L. 

Low    grounds.       Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg     (Nuttall). 
Ohio:  near  Wheeling   {Mert:;  &   Guttenberg).     Jefferson: 
near  Shepherdstown.     Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
P.    ViRGINIANA  Mill. 

Light  sandy  soils.  Monongalia :  near  Beechwoods 
Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown.  Jackson :  near  Ripley. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield   {Gamble). 

P.    VISCOSA  L. 

Low  grounds.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Gutten- 
berg).   Hardy  :  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 

P.    LANCEOLATA   Michx. 

Dry  opens.  Jackson:  near  Ripley.  Wood:  near  Shark- 
town. 

P.    liETEROPHYLLA    NeCS. 

Fayette :  near  Quinnimont  on  bottom  lands  of  New  River 
(Pollard  &  Maxon  38).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 

PHYSALODES  Boehm.  (1760). 
(Nicandra,  Adans,   1763). 

P.  Physalodes  (L.)  Britton.    Apple-of-Peru. 

Waste  grounds.  Lewis:  near  Weston.  Mineral:  near 
Piedmont. 

LYCOPERSICON  Mill. 

L.  Lycopersicon  (L.)  Karst. 

Established  on  the  banks  of  Tygarts  Valley  River  below 
Huttonsville  (Greenman  214). 

LYCIUM  L. 

L.  vulgare  (Ait.  f.)  Dun.     Matrimony  Vine. 

A  frequent  and  persistent  escape.  Berkeley  :  near  Martins- 
burgh.  Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown.  JNlason :  banks  of 
the  Ohio  near  Point  Pleasant. 

DATURA  L. 

D.  Stramonium  L.     "Jimson-weed."     Jamestown-weed.     Stink- 
weed. 

Waste  places.     A  common  weed  throughout  the  State. 
D.  TATULA  L.     Purple  Thorn-apple. 

With  the  last.     Common  throuohout  the  State. 


350  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

PETUNIA  Juss. 

p.  viOLACEA  Lindl. 

Escaped  to  waste  grounds.  Monongalia :  near  Morgan- 
town,  common,  where  it  persists  annually.  Mason :  near 
Point  Pleasant.     Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown. 

SCROPHULARIACEAE. 

VERBASCUM  L. 

V.  Thapsus  L.     Mullein. 

Old  fields  and  pastures.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
V.  Blattaria  L.    Moth  Mullein. 

Fields  and  waste  places.  Wirt :  along  the  Little  Kanawha 
River.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (Ma pel).  Webster  :  on  Tater 
Knob;  and  Randolph:  near  Pickens  (//.  H.  Smith  1505, 
1547).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Niittall).  Monongalia 
and  Marion,  common.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Jefferson : 
near  Charlestown.  Berkeley  :  near  North  Mountain.  Pres- 
ton :  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
V.  Lychnitis  L.    Yellow  Moth-mullein. 

Fields  and  wastes.  Kanawha :  roadside,  up  8  Mile  Creek 
Mineral :  opposite  Cumberland,  Md. 

LINARIA  Hill. 

L.  LiNARiA  (L.)  Karst.  Toad  Flax.  "Devil's  Flax."  "Wild 
Flax."     "Indian  Hemp."     "Impudent  Lawyer." 

Fields,  roadsides  and  waste  places.  Monongalia :  neat 
Stewartown.  Jefferson :  near  Charlestown  and  Shenandoah 
Junction.  Jackson  :  near  Sandyville.  Berkeley  :  near  North 
Mountain.  Mineral :  near  Piedmont  and  Keyser.  Hardy : 
near  Moorefield  {Gamble).  This  species  first  appeared  near 
near  Nuttallburg  in  Fayette  Co.,  this  year — 1895  {Nuttall). 

Also  reported  as  a  weed  from :  Harrison :  near  Good 
Hope.  Ohio  :  near  West  Liberty.  Wood  :  near  Jerry's  Run, 
Fountain  Spring,  Blennerhassett,  and  Rockport.  Jefferson : 
near  Molers.  Wetzel :  near  Endicott.  Mineral :  near  Pied- 
mont. Wirt :  near  Burning  Spring,  Morris  and  Reedy  Rip- 
ple. Jackson:  near  Lone  Cedar,  Garfield,  and  Belgrove. 
Cabell :  near  Union  Ridge.  Taylor :  near  Thornton  and 
Meadland.  Wayne :  near  Stone  Coal.  Marshall :  near  St. 
Joseph.  Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Mason :  near  Grimm's  Landing 
and  Maggie.  Upshur :  near  Kanawha  Head  and  Overhill. 
Tyler:    near   Long   Reach.      Webster:   near    Welch    Glade. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  35I 

Preston :  near  Tunnelton  and  Terra  Alta.  Hancock :  near 
New  Cumberland  and  Fairview.  Ritchie :  near  Ritchie  C. 
H.  Monroe :  near  Pickaway.  Morgan :  near  Rock  Gap. 
Tucker :  near  Texas.     Raleigh  :  near  Raleigh  C.  H. 

CYMBALARIA  Medic.      ' 

C.  Cymbalaria  (L.)  Wettst. 

Thoroughly  established  in  Harpers  Ferry,  Jefferson 
County,  and  the  neighborhood;  where  it  hangs  in  heavy 
masses  from  wall  crevices  (Greene). 

■  SCROPHULARIA  L. 

S.  Marilandica  L.     Figwort.  ^ 

Fields  and  waste  places.     Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Nutfall).      Greenbrier:    near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.     Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (Mills- 
paiigh).     Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
S.  LEPORELLA  BickncU. 

Woods  and  roadsides.  Monongalia :  quite  a  patch  of  this 
species  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon  4458). 

COLLINSIA  Nutt. 

C.    VERNA    Nutt. 

Moist  soil.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel,  Brozcn). 
Ohio:  on  Wheeling  Hill  (Merts  &  Guttcnberg).  Monon- 
galia :  near  Cassville. 

CHELONE  L. 

C.  GLABRA  L.     Snake  Head. 

Wet  places.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Mapel).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg,  uncommon  (N.nttall).     Wirt:  near  Burn- 
ing Spring.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.    OBLIOUA  L. 

Wet  places.  Randolph :  along  Cheat  River  near  Cheai 
Bridge.     Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden. 

PENTSTEMON  Soland. 

P.  HiRSUTUS  (L.)  Willd.    Beard-tongue.        (P.  puhescens  So\.)  . 
Dry  or  rocky  places.   Kanawha  :  near  Charleston  (Barnes). 
Gilmer:  near   Glenville    (Mapel).     Cabell:  near   Barbours- 
ville  (James).     Hardy :  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).    Hamp- 
shire :  near  Doe's  Gully. 


352  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

P.  CANESCENS  Britton. 

Slopes  of  Kate's  Mountain,  alt.  3,300  ft.,  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs,  Greenbrier  Co.  {Small;  Egglcston  4353). 
P.  Digitalis  (Sweet)  Nutt. 

Rich  soil.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  River, 
frequent.  Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station.  Fayette :  near 
Kanawha  Falls  (James).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield.  Hamp- 
shire :  near  Doe's  Gully.  Rich  soil.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg,  in  open  woods  (Nuttall). 

MIMULUS  L. 

M.  RiNGENS  L.    Monkey  Flower. 

Wet  places.     Upshur :  along  Stone  Coal  Creek.     Fayette : 
near  Kanawha  Falls   (James)  ;  near  Nuttahburg   (Nuttall). 
liandolph :  along  Tygarts  Valley  River.     Frequent  through- 
out the  State. 
M.  ALATUS  Soland.     Winged  Monkey  Flower. 

Wet  places.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 
Putnam :  near  Buffalo. 

GRATIOLA  L. 

G.  ViRGiNiANA  L.    Gratiola. 

Ditches.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

G.    SPHAEROCARPA   Ell. 

Damp  places.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  on  mossy  banki, 
in  bed  of  creek  (Nuttall). 

ILYSANTHES  Raf. 

I.  DUBiA  (L.)    Barnhart.  False  Pimpernel.    (/.  gratioloides  Bth.). 
Wet    places.      Fayette:    near    Kanawha    Falls    (James). 
Along  Little  Kanawha  River  (Merts  &  Guttcnberg) .     Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Kanawha:  at  the 
Salinas  (Holton). 

VERONICA  L. 

V.  Anagallis  aquatica  L.     Water  Speedwell. 

Banks  and  ditches.  Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James). 
V.  Americana  Schw.     American  Brooklime.     "Wallink." 

Brooks  and  ditches.  Monongalia :  the  Flats  near  Morgan- 
town.  Randolph:  on  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,050  ft.  (where 
it  is  called  "Wallink,"  and  is  used  internally  to  bring  out 
rashes)  (Millspaugh)  ;  in  Blister  Swamp  (Greenman  277). 
Webster :  near  Addison,  alt.  2,000  ft.  Mercer :  near  Beaver 
Springs. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  353 

V.  OFFICINALIS  L.     Speedwell.     "Gypsy  Weed." 

Rich,  deep  woods  and  opens.  Randolph  :  on  Rich  Moun- 
tains. Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mjj.pcl).  Kanawha:  near 
Charleston  (James).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Tucker:  dry  mountain  road  near  Parsons  (Greenman  239). 
Monongalia :  along  Decker's  Creek.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs ;  and  frequent  throughout  the  State. 
Mercer :  near  Beaver  Spr.,  and  Bluefield. 

V.  SERPYLLiFOLiA  L.     Thyme-leaved  Speedwell. 

Roadsides,  fields  and  lawns.  Monongalia :  near  Morgan- 
town.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapcl).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertz  & 
Giittcnhcrg).     Mercer:  near  Bluefield. 

V.  PEREGRiNA  L.     Ncck  Weed.     Purslane  Speedwell. 

Waste  places.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Ohio:  Thomas  Hill,  near 
Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 

V.  ARVENSis  L.     Corn  Speedwell. 

Cultivated  grounds.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel). 
Ohio:  Thomas  Hill,  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

LEPTANDRA  Nutt. 

L.  ViRGiNiCA  (L.)  Nutt.    Culver's  Physic.  (Veroniea'L.)- 

Rich  woods  and  borders.  Webster :  Long  Glade.  Jack- 
son:  near  Sandyville.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

DASYSTOMA  Raf. 

D.  Pedicularia  (L.)  Bth.  (Gerardia'L.). 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield   (Gamble).     Fayette:  near  Nutt- 
allburg (Nuttall). 
D.  Virginica   (L.)   Britton.     Oak-leaved  Gerardia.    (G.  querci- 
folia  Pursh.) 

Open  woods.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
D.  FLAVA  (L.)  Wood.     False  Foxglove.  (Gerardia  L.). 

Open   woods.      Wood :    near   Leachtown.      Fayette :   near 
Kanawha  Falls  and  Hawk's  Nest  (James)  ;  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).     Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble). 
D.  LAEVIGATA  Raf.  (Gerardia  Raf.). 

Oak  woods.  'Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft. 
(Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


354  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

DIGITALIS  Linn. 

D.  PURPUREA  Linn.     Foxglove. 

Thoroughly  established  in  open  woods,  near  Pickens,  Ran- 
dolph County  {H.  H.  Smith  1236). 

GERARDIA  L. 

G.  TENUiFOLiA  Vahl.     Slender  Gerardia. 

Dry  soil.  Mineral:  near  Keyser  {Workman^.  Fayette: 
Kiear  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nuttall).  Randolph:  neat 
Elkins. 

G.    AURICULATA   Michx. 

Fields.     Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls,  with  pure  white 
flowers. 
G.  PAUPERCULA  (Gray)   Britton. 

Damp  situations.     Fayette:  near  Hawk's  Nest   (Holton). 

BUCHNERA  L. 

B.  Americana  L.     Blue  Hearts. 

Moist,  sandy  ground.     Putnam  :  near  Buffalo. 

CASTILLEJA  Mutis. 

C.  cocciNEA  (L.)  Spreng.     Painted  Cup. 

Sandy  soils.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  at 
Uffington,  and  below  Morgantown.  Randolph :  near  Valley 
Head.  Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta.  Hampshire :  near  Rom- 
ney. 

PEDICULARIS  L. 

P.  Canadensis  L.    Louse-wort. 

Copses,  woods  and  banks.  Preston :  near  Terra  Alta. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Gilmer:  near  Glen- 
ville  (Mapel).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs, 
Summers  :  near  Hinton.  McDowell :  near  Elkhorn.  Upshur : 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 

MELAMPYRUM  L. 

M.  lineare  Lam.     Cow-wheat.  (M.  Ainericanum  Michx.) 

Rich,  open  woods.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  355 

LENTIBULARIACEAE. 
UTRICULARIA  Linn. 

U.  CORNUTA  Michx.     Bladderwort. 

Bogs    and    borders    of    ponds.      Pocahontas :    Big    Glade 
(Sheldon)  ;  Cranberry  Glades  (E.  A.  Brooks). 
U.  BiFLORA  Lam. 

Hardy:  in  a  small  bog  near  Moorefield  (A.  B.  Brooks). 

OROBANCHACEAE. 

LEPTAMNIUM  Raf.   (1818). 
(Epifagns  Nutt.  1818.) 

L.  ViRGiNiANUM   (L.)  Raf.     Beech-drops.     Cancer-root. 

Parasitic  upon  the  roots  of  the  beech.  Wirt :  near  Eliza- 
beth. Gilmer  :  near  Glenvilie  (Mapel).  Fayette  :  near  iV^^f/- 
allburg  {Nuttall).  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown.  Ran- 
dolph: near  Pickens  {H.  H.  Smith).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
{Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Tucker:  moist  woods  near  Parsons 
(Greenman  261). 

CONOPHOLIS  Wallr. 

C.  Americana  (L.  f.)  Wallr.    Cancer  Root. 

Oak  woods.  Among  fallen  leaves.  Ohio :  near  Wheeling 
(Mertz  1838).  Monongalia  :  along  Decker's  Creek  and  near 
Little  Falls.  Gilmer:  near  Glenvilie  (Mapel).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  McDowell:  near  Elkhorn. 
Mercer:  near  Bluefield.  Summers:  near  Hinton  (Eggleston 
5569)- 

THALESIA  Raf.   1818). 
(Aphyllon  A.  Gray  1848.) 

T.  UNiFLORA  (L.)  Britton.    One-flowered  Cancer-root. 

Damp  woodlands  and  opens.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgan  ■ 
tovv'n.  Wirt:  near  Elizabeth.  Gilmer:  near  Glenvilie 
(Mapel).     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 

B  I  G  N  O  N  I  A  C  E  AE. 

TECOMA  Juss. 

T.  RADiCANS  (L.)  DC.     Trumpet-Creeper. 

Moist  soil.     Monongalia  :  near  Little  Falls.    Marion  :  near 


356  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Fairmont.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg-  (Nuttall).  Webster: 
Hacker  Valley  (H.  H.  SinitJi  1647).  Summers:  near  Hin- 
ton.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant ;  and  frequent  throughou! 
the  State. 

BIGNONIA  L. 

B.  CRUCiGERA  Linn.  (B.  capreolata  Linn.) 

Kanawha  Co.,  rich  soil  between  Cannelton  and  Browns- 
town,  where  it  grows  luxuriantly  along  the  banks  of  the 
Great  Kanawha  River.  Its  evergreen  foliage  makes  it  a 
conspicuous  feature  of  the  winter  landscape  (Botitlou). 
Randolph  :  near  Pickens. 

CATALPA  Scop. 

C.  Catalpa     (L.)     Karst.       Indian     Bean     Tree.       "Catawba." 

(C  bignonioidcs  Walt.). 

River  banks.  Marion :  near  Catawba^  a  place  named  after 
this  tree,  which  would  render  it  apparent  that  the  tree  was 
native  here,  which  I  hold  to  be  true.  Wood :  near  Leach- 
town.  Gilmer :  near  DeKalb  and  along  Leading  Creek. 
Monongalia  :  near  Ice's  Ferry  and  Stewartown.  Wirt :  near 
Elizabeth.  L^pshur :  along  Big  Sandy  Run,  alt.  1,827  ^^• 
Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant.  Webster:  near  Pugh  (H.  H. 
Smith  1660). 

C.  SPECIOSA  Warder. 

Mason  Co.,  banks  of  the  Ohio  River,  near  Point  Pleasant. 

ACANTHACEAE. 

RUELLIA  L. 

R.  ciLiosA  Pursh. 

Margins  of  woods.  Wood  :  near  Leachtown.  Wirt :  near 
Elizabeth.  Calhoun  :  near  Grantsville.  Gilmer  :  near  DeKalb. 
Lewis  :  along  Stone  Coal  Creek.  Upshur :  near  Laurentz. 
Nicholas :  along  the  Gauley  River.  Kanawha :  near  Can- 
nelton. 

DIANTHERA  L. 

D.  Americana  L.    Water  Willow. 

In  streams.  Ohio :  near  Wheeling  (Michaux).  Common 
throughout  the  State. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  357 

PHRYMACEAE. 

PHRYMA  L. 

P.  Leptostachya  L.    Lop-seed. 

Rich  open  woods.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
.Springs.  Fayette  :  near  Kanawha  Falls  {James)  ;  near  Nutt- 
allburg  (Nuttall).  Kanawha:  near  Charleston.  Mason: 
near  Point  Pleasant.  Webster:  at  Pugh  (H.  H.  Smith 
1653).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele);  and 
frequent  throughout  the  State. 

PLANTAGINACEAE. 

PLANTAGO  L. 

P.  MAJOR  L.    Plantain. 

Waste  ground.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  &  Gutten- 
berg).  Fayette  :  Nuttallburg  (A'"«^fa//).  Monongalia  :  Mor- 
gantown. 

P.  RuGELii  Decne.     Common  Plantain. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  near  dwellings. 
P.   LANCEOLATA   L.      "Pmck   Plantain."      "Ripple."     "Buck-horn 
Plantain." 

Becoming  a   common   weed   throughout   the    State;   very 
little  as  yet   however   in   Jefferson,    Berkeley   and    Morgan 
counties.     Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.     Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).     Mercer:  near  Princeton. 
P.  ViRGiNiCA  L.     White  Plantain. 

Sandy  soils.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).  Mon- 
ongalia :  near  Morgantown ;  and  frequent  throughout  the 
State.     Hardy  :  near  Moorefield. 

P.    ARISTATA  Michx. 

Dry  meadows  near  Bargers  Spring,  Summers  County,  alt. 
1,500  ft.,  July  13,  1900  {Morris  983).  Marion:  near  Farm- 
ington  {Boutlou).  Monongalia:  found,  in  1912,  near  Mor- 
gantown {Sheldon  4459).    \Mrt :  near  Newark  {Hoff). 

RUB  I  ACE  AE. 

HOUSTONIA  L. 

H.  COERULEA  L.     Bluets.     Innocents. 

Moist  fields.  Monongalia :  Marion :  Preston :  Wood ; 
Wirt :  Calhoun  :  Lewis  :  and  Upshur.  Gilmer :  near  Glen- 
ville  {Brozun;  Mapel).     Kanawha  {James).     Mineral:  Jef- 


358  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

f  erson  :  Berkeley  :  and  Morgan.     Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).     Hardy :  near  Moorefield   (Gamble). 
Forma  albielora  jNIillsp.  Prel.  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  375. 

Grassy   places,    Permian    formations.      Monongalia :    near 
Cassville. 
H.  serpyllifolia  Michx. 

Rocky  places.     Tucker :  rocks  below  the  falls  of  Black- 
water.      Monongalia :    on    rocks    in    Tibb's    Run.      Fayette  • 
near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall). 
H.  purpurea  L. 

Wooded  opens.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Fay- 
ette: near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall);  Kanawha  Falls  (James). 
Hampshire  :  near  Romney.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Monongalia :  near  Ice's 
Ferry  (Mills paugh).  Randolph:  near  Cheat  Bridge  (Shel- 
don 2634). 
Var.  CALYCOSA  Gray. 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
H.  ciLioLATA  Torr. 

Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.      Fayette  :  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall).     Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
H.  LONGiFOLiA  Gaertn. 

Dry  soils,  the  most  common  form  of  the  species.  Wood : 
near  Lockhart's  Run.  Wirt:  near  Burning  Springs.  Cal- 
houn :  near  Grantsville.  Gilmer :  near  DeKalb.  Lewis :  up 
Stone  Coal  Creek.  Upshur  :  near  Buckhannon.  Randolph  : 
near  Cricard  P.  O.  Cabell:  near  Barboursville  (James). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Mercer:  near  Blue- 
field.     Jefiferson :  at  Harpers  Ferry  (Greene). 

H.    TENUIFOLIA   Nutt. 

Greenbrier:  near  White   Sulphur  Springs    (Millspaugh). 

CEPHALANTHUS  L. 

C.  occiDENTALis  L.     Buttou-bush. 

Along  streams.  Monongalia :  along  the  Monongahela  and 
Cheat  Rivers.  Preston :  general  in  the  glades  and  along 
streams.  Grant :  near  Bayard.  Randolph  :  along  Tygart's 
Valley  River ;  near  Cheat  Bridge.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nttttall);  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James).  Monroe: 
near  Alderson.  Summers :  near  Rifife  and  Hinton.  Bar- 
bour:  near  Tygart  Junction  (Grecnman  226). 

MITCHELLA  L. 

M.  REPENS  L.     Partridge-berry. 

Rich    woods,    under    evergreens.      Upshur :    Sand    Creek. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  359 

Grant :  near  Bayard.  Tucker  :  along  Blackwater.  Mineral : 
Knobby  Mts.  (Workman).  Randolph:  along  Cheat  River. 
Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
{Nuttall).    Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  {James). 

DIODIA  L. 

D.  TERES  Walt.     Button-weed. 

Sandy  river  banks.  Ohio :  along  Bogg's  Run,  near 
Wheeling  (Merts  &  Giittcnberg).  Preston:  banks  of  Cheat 
River.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall). 

SHERARDIA  Linn. 

S.  ARVENSis  Linn. 

A  single  plant  found,  in  1908,  on  the  lawn  of  the  Experi- 
ment Station  at  Morgantown   (Sheldon  3251). 

GALIUM  L. 

G.  Aparine  L.     Goose-grass.     Cleavers. 

Shaded  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
G.  PiLosuM  Ait. 

Dry  copses.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall);  near 
Kanawha  Falls  (James).  Kanawha:  near  Coalburg  (James). 
Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls  and  Ufifington ;  near  Camp 
Eden.  Pocahontas :  rocky  hillsides  near  Travelers  Repose 
(Greenman  310). 
G.  Claytoni  Michx. 

Swampy  places.     Randolph:  near  Pickens   (H.  H.  Smith 
1404);  near  Read,  and   Pocahontas:   near  Durbin    (Green- 
man  307,  289). 
G.  ciRCAEZANS  Michx.     Wild  Liquorice. 

Rich  woods.     Wood  :  near  Lockhart's  Run.     Monongalia  : 
Rich  woods  near  Morgantown ;  Ice's  Ferry  and  Camp  Eden. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Upshur:  near  Buck- 
hannon  (Pollock). 
G.  LANCEOLATUM  Torr. 

Dry  woods.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.     Ohio  :  near 
Wheeling    (Mertz  &  Guttenherg).     Fayette:  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall). 
G.  TRiFLORUM  Michx.     Swect-sccnted  Bedstraw. 

Rich  woodlands.  Lewis  :  along  Leading  Creek.  Upshur : 
near  Lorentz.  Webster :  along  Buffalo  Bull  range.  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). Preston:  ncsLV  Anrorsi  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Tucker: 
rich  woods  near  Parsons  (Greenman  315). 


360  THE    WEST    N'IRGINIA    FLORA 

G.  LATiFOLiuM  Michx. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallhiiro-,  uncommon    (Nuttall).     Pres- 
ton: near  Rowlesburg  {Mertz  &  Giittcnherg).     Pocahontas: 
near  Durbin    {Grceninan  312).      Webster:   in   Long   Glade 
(Millspaugh).   Randolph:  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1552). 
G.  TRiFiDUM  L.     Small  Bedstraw. 

Low,  wet  grounds.     Monongalia,  Lewis,  Upshur,  Gilmer, 
Calhoun,  Wirt,  Wood,  and  Webster :  Long  Glade.     Fayette 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Preston:  near  Aux-ora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
G.  CONCINNUM  Torr.  &  Gray. 

Low,  wet  grounds.   Wood :  near  Kanawha  Station.   Wirt : 
near  Elizabeth.     Lewis :  along  Leading  Creek.     Randolph : 
near  Valley  Bend. 
G.  ASPRELLUM  Michx.  Rougli  Bedstraw. 

Alluvial  bottoms.     Monongalia :  along   the   Monongahela 
River.     Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Merts  & 
Guttenberg).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele) 
Randolph:  along  Gandy  Creek  (Greeninan  308). 

CAPRTFOLIACEAE. 

SAMBUCUS  L. 

S.  Canadensis  L.    Common  Elder. 

Rich  soils;  common  in  bottoms  and  along  fences  through- 
out the   State ;  even  in  the  pine  and  spruce  forests  of  the 
higher  mountains ;  alt.  on  Point  Mountain  3,050  ft. 
S.  PUBENS  Michx.    Red-berried  Elder.  (S.  racemosus  L.). 

Deep,  rich  mountain  woods,  near  rivulets.     Abundant  in 
Randolph,  Grant  and  Tucker  Counties.     Fayette :  near  Nutt- 
allburg (Nuttall). 
Forma  albicocca  Britton. 

With  the   species   rare.      Randolph :   on   Point   Mountain. 
Grant :  near  Bayard. 

VIBURNUM  L. 

V.  ALNiFOLiuM  Marsh.  Michx.     Hobble-bush.     (V.  lantanoides 
Michx.). 

Cold,  rich  ravines.     Randolph  :  near  the  summit  of  Point 
Mountain  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Pickens  (H.  H.  Smith  1537)- 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Grant:  near 
Bayard.     Tucker :  along  the  Blackwater. 
V.  ACERi FOLIUM  L.     Arrow  Wood.    Dockmackie. 

Cool,   rocky   woods.     Throughout   the   mountains   of  the 
eastern  counties.     Randolph:  near  Glady   (Greenman  286). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  361 

Preston  and  Monongalia :  along  Cheat  River.     Gilmer :  near 
Glenville    (Mapcl).     Mineral:    near    Keyser     (Workman). 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall).     Grant:  near  Bayard. 
V.  DENTATUM  L.     Arrow-wood. 

Wet  places  or  damp  thickets.     Upshur :  near  the  Summit 
on  Staunton  Pike.   Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  {Nuttall). 
V.    NUDUM  L. 

Rich  woods.     Randolph  :  at  Ford's,  near  the  Middle  Fork 
River.    Webster  :  Upper  Glade. 
V.  Lentago  L.     Sweet  Viburnum.     Sheep-berry. 

Rich  banks  of  streams.     Randolph :  on  Point   j\'Iountain, 
alt.  3,660  ft.     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  {Pollock). 
V.  Opulus  Americanum  (Mill.)  Ait. 

In  woodlands  and  along  streams.     Tucker :  Canaan  Val- 
ley (Brooks). 
V.    CASSINOIDES  L. 

In  wet  soil.  Webster :  along  the  Gauley  River.  Pendle- 
ton :  along  Big  Run.  Monongalia :  along  Deckers  Creek 
(Brooks);  near  Tibbs  Run  (Sheldon  623).  Preston:  near 
Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele)  ;  near  Cranesville  and  Mason- 
town  (Sheldon  1457,  4111)-  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon 
,  (Pollock). 
V.  PRUNiFOLiUM  L.     Black  Haw.     Nanny-berry. 

Copses  and  edges  of  woods.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs. 
Mineral:  near  Keyser  (Workman).  Gilmer:  near  Glen- 
ville (Mapcl,  Broivn).  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown 
(Grose).  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon  (Pollock).     Summers:  near  Hinton. 

TRIOSTEUM  L. 

T.  PERFOLiATUM  L.    Tinker's  Weed.    Wild  Coffee. 

Rich  borders,  infrequent.  Randolph :  Cheat  Mountains, 
alt.  4,600  ft.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  (Mapel).  Pocahontas: 
roadside  near  Travelers  Repose  (Greenman  152).  Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gam- 
ble).    Mercer:  near  Princeton. 

LINNAEA  Linn. 

L.  Americana  Forbes. 

In  cold  woods.  Randolph :  at  Big  Sinks,  in  a  sphagnum 
bog  near  Osceola,  alt.  4,000  ft.  (A.  B.  Brooks). 


362  '       THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SYMPHORICARPOS  Juss. 

S.  Symphoricarpos  (L.)  MacM.  (S.  orhicnlata  Moench.). 

Dry  places.  Nicholas :  near  Peter  Creek.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.   (Nuttall). 

LONICERA  L. 

L.  DioiCA  L.     Smooth  Honeysuckle.  (L.  glauca  Hill.) 

Rocky  soils.     Monongalia :  near   Morgantown. 
L.  Japonica  Thunb. 

Escaped    from   cultivation.      Mason :   banks    of   the   Ohio 
near  Point  Pleasant.    Jefferson  :  near  ShepherdsTown.     Tay- 
lor :  near  Grafton. 
L.  Canadensis  Marsh. 

In  moist  woods.     Pendleton:  on  Spruce  Knob  (Brooks). 
L.  sempervirens  Linn, 

Monongalia:  near  ]\lorgantown  in  a  pasture  east  of 
Dorsey  School  House,  probably  an  established  escape  (Shel- 
don 3589). 

DIER VILLA  Moench, 

D,  Diervilla    (L.)    MacM.      Bush    Honeysuckle,      (D.    triMa 
Adoench.) 

Thickets.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  along  Decker? 
Creek.     Pendleton:  on  Spruce  Mountain  (Brooks). 

VALERIANACEAE. 

VALERIANA  L, 

V,  PAUciFLORA  Michx,    Valerian. 

Fields  and  open  woods.  Ohio:  near  Moundsville  (Mertz 
&  Guttenherg)  ;  Bethany  (Richardson).  Hancock:  near 
Fairview  (Hill). 

VALERIANELLA  Poll. 

V,  chenopodifolia  (Pursh)  DC? 

Monongalia :  in  woods  along  Deckers  Creek  near  Marilla 
(Sheldon  357).  The  specimen  is  too  young  for  positive  set- 
tlement of  the  species. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  363 

DIPSACACEAE. 

DIPSACUS  L. 

D.  SYLVESTRis  Htids.  Tcasel.  "Water  Thistle."  Huttonweed." 
Roadsides  and  waste  places.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs 
and  Elizabeth.  Marion  :  near  Worthington ;  near  Fairmont 
and  Houghton  in  great  quantity.  Webster :  Buffalo  Bull 
Mountains,  alt.  2,100  ft.  Fayette:  near  Crescent;  near  Nutt- 
allburg  (Nnttall).  Kanawha:  along  the  Kanawha  and 
Pocataligo  Rivers.  Jackson :  along  Allen's  Fork.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  (Mafel).  Jefferson:  near  Flowing  Spring 
and  Shenandoah  Jc.  Randolph  :  Cheat  Mountains  near  Cheat 
Bridge,  alt.  2,700  ft. ;  near  Huttonsville.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs,  near  Fort  Spring.  Monroe :  near 
Alderson.  Summers :  near  Hinton.  Monongalia :  along 
Deckers  Creek.  Harrison :  near  Lumberport.  Mineral : 
opposite  Cumberland.  Berkeley  :  near  Martinsburg.  Hardy  : 
near  Moorefield.     Mercer :  near  Ingleside,  and  Ada. 

CUCURBTTACEAE. 

CUCURBITA  L. 

C.  oviFERA  L.     Gourd. 

Escaped  to  waste  grounds.  Monongalia :  about  Morgan- 
town.     Jefferson  :  near  Shepherdstown. 

CITRULLUS  L. 

C.  CITRULLUS  (L.)  Karst.     Watermelon.     (C.  vulgaris  Schrad.). 
Escaped  to  waste  grounds.     Mason  :  banks  of  the  Ohio 
near  Point  Pleasant. 

CUCUMIS  L. 

C.  Melo  L.     Musk  Melon. 

Escaped  to  waste  grounds.  Mason :  banks  of  the  Ohio 
near  Point  Pleasant.  Monongalia :  waste  grounds,  near  Mor- 
gantown. 

MICRAMPELIS  Raf. 

M.  LOBATA  (Michx.)  Greene.  {M.  echinata  Raf.). 

Escaped  from  gardens,  where  it  is  frequently  grown  as  a 
vine  for  fences  and  rock  work  ornamentation. 


364  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

SICYOS  L. 

S.  ANGULATUS  L.     Star  Cucumber. 

Damp  places.  Monongalia  :  along-  Deckers  Creek ;  near 
Easton.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  .{Nuttall).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  {Mr.  &■  Mrs.  Steele). 

CAA/[PANULACEAE. 

CAMPANULA  L. 

C.  ROTUNDiFOLiA  L.    Harebell. 

Moist  rocks.  Mineral :  along  the  Potomac,  near  Keyser 
{Workman).  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Tucker: 
along  the  Blackwater. 

C.  APARiNOiDES  Pursh.    Marsh  Bellflower. 

Wet  meadows.     Preston  :  near  Terra  Alta. 

C.  Americana  L.    Tall  Bellflower. 

Rich  woods,  or  even  on  dry  rocks.  Monongalia  :  near  Ice's 
Ferry.  Wood,  Wirt  and  Calhoun  counties,  general.  Gilmer : 
near  Glenville  {Mapel,  Brozvn).  Lewis,  and  Upshur.  Ran- 
dolph :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,650  ft.,  with  wands  4-6  ft. 
high.  Webster :  in  the  glade  region.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg {Nuttall)  ;  along  Loup  Creek  {James).  Kanawha  and 
Jackson  :  general.  Gre'enbrier  :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
Summers :  near  Hinton.  Marion :  near  Worthington,  and 
near  Fairmont.     Preston  :  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs..  Steele). 

C.  divaricata  Michx. 

Dry  banks.  Summers :  near  Talcott.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  "Millspaugh  &  Nuttall  mention  'the 
rare  Campanula  divaricata  Mx.'  If  the  southern  counties  are 
to  be  taken  into  consideration  in  rating  the  occurrence  of 
species  in  the  State,  then  this  species  can  not  be  accounted 
'rare'  for  the  more  rocky  hillsides  throughout  are  heavily 
blue-dotted  in  the  Summer  with  its  delicate  panicles." 
{Morris). 

LOBELIA  L. 

L.  cardinalis  L.    Cardinal  Flower. 

Low  grounds,  and  low  banks  of  streams,  Nicholas : 
Collett's  Glade.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel,  Brozvn). 
Randolph :  near  Cricard  P.  O.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs.  Summers :  near  Talcott,  and  Hinton.  Kana- 
wha :  near  Kanawha  City.  Mason  :  near  Brighton.  Frequent 
throughout  the  State.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  365 

L.  SYPHILITICA  L.     Great  Blue  Lobelia. 

Low,  wet  grounds.  Randolph :  near  Elkins,  and  along  the 
valley  of  Tygart's.  Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).  Fay- 
ette :  near  Nuttallburg.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs.  Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown.  Summers  :  near 
Hinton.  Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown.  Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  {Gamble).  Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele), 
forma  albiflora  Britton. 

With  the  species.     Randolph :  near  Huttonsville,  frequent. 
L.  PUBERULA  Michx. 

Low    grounds.      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg     {Nnttall) 
Monongalia:  near  Morgantown    {M  ills  pan  gh)  ;  near   Burnt 
House  {Sheldon  4250). 
L.  AMOENA  Michx.  var.  glandulifera  Gray. 

Swampy  spots.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  ^It.  2,000  ft., 
rare.  {Nuttall). 

L.    LEPTOSTACHYS  A.  DC. 

Sandy   soil.      Wood :    near   Leachtown.      Summers :   near 
Hinton. 
L.  spicATA  Lam. 

Sandy  hillsides.    Monongalia :  near  Ice's  Ferry,  and  above 
Camp  Eden.     Upshur:  near  Buckhannon   {Mills paugh,  Pol- 
lock). 
Var.  PARViFLORA  Gray. 

Wet  places.     Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  {Mapel). 
L.  INFLATA  L.     Indian  Tobacco.    Lobelia. 

Dry  soils.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
Var.  SIMPLEX  (Raf.)  Millsp.  Preh  Cat.  Fl.  W.  Va.,  398. 

Dry  places.  Randolph :  near  Cricard  P.  O.  Characters  of 
the  species,  but  simple  stemmed. 

Having  noted  that  this  form  perpetuated  itself  at  one 
station  in  New  York  State,  near  Binghamton,  for  five  years, 
I  have  decided  that  it  is  a  true  variety.  Approaching  the 
question  from  another  point  of  view :  I  worked  qver  a  field 
near  Morgantown  this  season,  examining  783  small  plants  of 
L.  inflata,  many  of  which  were  not  over  four  inches  high, 
without  finding  a  single  simple-stemmed  plant  among  them 
At  the  station  above  named,  as  well  as  that  in  New  York, 
there  was  a  goodly  amount  of  the  variety,  with  none  of  the 
species  in  the  immediate  neighborhood. 

SPECULARIA  Heist. 

S.  PERFOLiATA  (L.)  A.  DC.    Vcnus'  Looking-glass. 

Drv  soils.  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown.  Upshur: 
near  Buckhannon.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville  {Mapel).     Fay- 


366  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

ette :  near  Nuttallburg-   {Nuttall).     Hardy:  near  Moorefield 
{Gamble).     Randolph:  near  Pickens  (//.  H.  Smith  1363). 

CICHORIACEAE. 
{Compositae.) 

ADOPOGON  Neck.  (1790). 
{Krigia,  Schreb.  1791.) 

A.  Dandelion   (L.)    Kuntze.     Dwarf  Dandelion. 

Kanawha:  near  Charleston  ( ?)   (James). 
A.  ViRGiNicuM    (L.)   Kuntze.  (A.  amplexicaulis  Kuntze.) 

Moist  woods  and  opens.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
Wood:  near  Lockhart's  Run,  becoming  a  bad  weed  (Hop- 
kins) . 

HYPOCHAERIS  Linn. 

H.  RADicATA  Linn. 

Established  at  Morgantown,  Monongalia  County  (SJiel- 
don). 

CICHORIUM  L. 

C.  Intybus  L.    Chicory. 

Fields.  Jefferson :  two  stations  near  Shepherdstown. 
Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Mertz  &  Gutten- 
berg). 

TRAGOPOGON  L. 

T.  PORRiFOLius  L.     Salsify.     Oyster-plant. 

Waste  grounds.     Morgan :  near  No.  12  Water  Tank, 

CHONDRILLA  L. 

C.  JUNCEA  L.     "Naked-weed."     "Skeleton-weed." 

Fields  and  roadsides.  Hampshire :  near  Bloomery,  where 
the  name  Naked-weed  has  been  given  it  on  account  of  the 
minuteness  of  the  leaves.  Jefferson :  near  Summit^  where 
it  is  called  Skeleton-weed,  for  the  same  reason ;  near  Charles- 
town.  Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg  (Mills paugh)  ;  near 
Bunkerhill  (Sheldon  1983). 

TARAXACUM  Haller. 

T.  Taraxacum   (L.)  Karst.     Dandelion.       (T.  officinale  Web.). 
All  situations.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  367 

T.  ERYTHROSPERMUM  Andrz. 

Greenbrier:  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston 
4335).  MonongaHa  :  common  about  Morgantown ;  and  vari- 
ous places  in  Preston  County  (Sheldon). 

SONCHUS  L. 

S.  OLERACEUS  L.    Sow-thistle. 

Waste  grounds.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Merts  &  Gutten- 
berg). 

S.  ASPER  (L.)  All.     Spiny  leaved  Sow-thistle. 

Roadsides  and  wastes.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
Marion  :  near  Fairmont.  Hampshire  :  near  Slanesville.  Wet- 
zel :  near  Littleton.  Lewis  :  near  Vadis.  Cabell :  near  Union 
Ridge.  Mercer :  near  Concord  Church.  Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Doddridge:  near  Smithton.  Ohio: 
near  Wheeling  {Mcrtz  1632).  Webster:  at  Tater  Knob  {H. 
H.  Smith  1524). 

LACTUCA  L. 

L.  ScARioLA  L.     Prickly  Lettuce. 

Fields.      Monongalia :   near    Laurel    Point,    where    it   has 

become  a  troublesome  weed. 

L.  Canadensis  L.    Wild  Lettuce.     Horse-weed.     "Devil-weed." 

Meadows  and  fence-rows.    Common  throughout  the  State. 

L.  SAGiTTiFOLiA  Ell.     "Dcvil's  Iron-wecd."     (LI  integrifolia  Gr. 

Man.) 

Fields  and  roadsides.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown. 
Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).  Webster:  near  Tater  Knob  (H.  H.  Smith  1525). 
Jackson:  near  Douglas.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele) . 
L.  HiRSUTA  Muhl. 

Dry    open    mountain    sides.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 
L.  SPICATA   (Lam.)   Hitch  (L.  lencophaea  A.  Gray.) 

Low   woodlands.      Fayette:   near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 
Monroe:    near    Alderson.      Ohio:    near    Wheeling    (Mert.: 
1630).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
L.  VILLOSA  Jacq.  (Mulgcdium  acuminatum  DC.) 

Borders.     Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (.Vwffa//^.     Monroe: 
near  Alderson.    Preston :  near  Terra  Alta. 
L.  Floridana  (L.)  Gaertn. 

Open  banks  and  borders  of  woods.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall). 


368  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CREPIS  Linn. 

C.  CAPiLLARis  (L.)  Wallr. 

Established  near  -iMorgantown,  Monongalia  County,  1808 
(Sheldon  3317). 

HIERACIUM  L. 

H.  Canadense  Michx.     Hawkweed. 

Dry  woods.    Webster  :  near  Upper  Glade. 

H.    PANICULATUM   L. 

Moist  grounds.     Preston  :  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Alerts 
&  Guttenbcrg)  ;  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
H.  VENOSUM  L.    Rattlesnake-weed. 

Openings,  and  edges  of  dry  woods.     Frequent  throughout 
the  State. 
H.  scABRUM  Michx. 

Dry  open  woods.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 
Monongalia :  along  Decker's   Creek.     Preston :  near  Terra 
Alta  (Millspaugh)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &•  Mrs.  Steele). 
H.  Alleghaniense  Britton.    Manual  2nd  edit.  905.    (1905). 

Stem  rough-hairy  below,  glabrous  or  nearly  so  above, 
about  6.5dm.  tall.  Lower  and  middle  stem-lea^'es  oblanceo- 
late,  i-i.5dm.  long,  3cm.  wide  or  more,  obtuse,  cuspidate, 
tapering  into  narrowly  margined  pubescent  petioles,  thin, 
pale  and  pubescent  along  the  midvein  beneath,  green  above, 
with  a  few  very  distant  minute  glandular  teeth ;  upper  leaves 
oblong  to  oblong-lanceolate,  acute,  narrowed  to  a  sessile 
base;  inflorescense  paniculate,  its  branches  filiform,  glandu- 
lar ;  heads  rather  numerous :  involucre  about  7nim.  high,  its 
bracts  linear-lanceolate,  sparingly  glandular,  a  little  shorter 
than  the  brown  pappus  :  young  achenes  truncate. 

Preston :  in  the  Alleghany  Mountains  near  Aurora,  August 
29,  1898  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
H.  Gronovii  L. 

Dry  soils.    Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  alt.  2,000  ft.  (Nutt- 
all) .    Upshur :  summit  on  Staunton  Pike. 
H.  LONGiPiLUM  Torr. 

Dry  situations.  Monongalia :  Decker's  Creek,  near  Mor- 
gantown.  Fayette :  near  Kanawha  Falls,  and  Hawk's  Nest 
(James). 

NABALUS  Cass. 

N.  ALTissiMus  (L.)  Hook.  (Prcnanthes  L.) 

Rich  moist  woods.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)- 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  369 

N.  ALBUS  (L.)  Hook.  (Prcnanthes  L.) 

Open  woods.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).     Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
N.  SERPENTARius  (Pursh).  Hook.     Gall-of-the-Earth.     (Prenan- 
thes  Pursh.) 

Sandy  woods.  Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,550  ft. 
Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Marion  :  near  Catawba.  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

A  M  B  R  O  S  I  A  C  E  AE. 

(Compositae.) 

AMBROSIA  L. 

A.  TRiFiDA  L.    Great  Rag-weed. 

Moist  places.    Common  or  abundant  throughout  the  State. 
Var.  INTEGRIFOLIA   (Mulil.)   T.  &  G. 

With  the  species,  uncommon.     Monongalia :  near  Morgan- 
town.     Wood :   near   Parkersburg.     Fayette :   near    Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall).     Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg. 
A.  ARTEMisiAEFOLiA  L.    Rag-wecd. 

Fields  and  roadsides.     Abundant  throughout  the  State. 

A.    BIDENTATA   AlicllX. 

Meadows.  Hardy  :  near  Moorefield  (^.  5.  5roo^^).  This 
extends  the  distribution  of  this  species  eastward  from  Illinois. 

XANTHIUM  L. 

X.  COMMUNE  Britton. 

Dry    situations.      Tucker :    along    the    Blackwater    River 
near  Hendricks  (Greenman  537). 
X.  spiNOSUM  L.     Spiny  Clotbur. 

Waste  lands  along  rivers.  Kanawha :  at  Stockton's. 
Mineral :  near  Piedmont.  Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown. 
Wood :  near  Parkersburg.  Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg. 
Mineral:  opposite  Cumberland,  Md.  (Small). 
X.  GLABRATUM  (DC)  BrittoH.  Clotbur.  Cockle-bur.  (X.  Stru- 
marium  of  Flora.) 

Low   waste   grounds.      Monongalia,    Marion    and   Gilmer 
counties.     Wood  :  near  Parkersburg.     Lewis  :  near  Weston. 
Jefferson  :  near  Shepherdstown. 
X.  Canadense  Mill. 

Low  waste  trrounds.     Common  throughout  the  State. 


370  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CARDUACEAE. 

(CoDipo'sitae.) 

VERNONIA  Schreb. 

V.  GiGANTEA  (Walt.)  Brittoii.     Iron-weed.     (V.  altisshiia  Nutt) . 
Low  grounds.    A  frequent  weed  throughout  the  northern, 
central  and  western  portions  of  the  State.     Fayette :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

V.  MAXIMA  Small. 

Moist  river  bottom.  Monongalia  :near  Morgantown  (Mills- 
paugh  677). 
V.  MAXIMA  PUBESC^NS  Morris,  Proc.  Biol.   Soc.  Wash.,   15:25. 
(1901). 

In  gross  characters  like  the  species.  Reaching  10°  or  over, 
more  or  less  pubescent.  Leaves  thin,  lanceolate,  acuminate, 
the  upper  finely,  the  lower  sharply  doubly  serrate,  3'- 12'  long, 
5^ '-2^'  wide,  finely  pubescent  belozv,  somewhat  so  above;  in- 
florenscence  open,  its  branches  rather  erect,  the  peduncles 
bracteate'  for  2"-^"  belozv  the  heads;  the  heads  long-peduncled 
or  the  centre  ones  nearly  sessile;  the  bracts  greenish  purple, 
acute  to  short-acuminate,  ciliate,  erect ;  corollas  light  to  dark 
»         pink,  not  purple ;  otherwise  as  in  the  species. 

Collected  among  plants  of  the  species  along  Hound  Creek, 
below  Bailey sville,  Wyoming  County,  alt.  1,100-1,200  ft, 
August  20,  1900  (Morris,  1274).  Type  specimen  is  deposit- 
ed in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Through  a  misapprehension  of  the  case  the  subspecies  pub- 
escens  was  referred  (Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.  13  :i79,  October 
1900)  to  Vernonia  giganfea  of  the  Atlantic  seaboard,  which 
does  not  occur  in  the  Alleghenies  or  westward.  The  species 
so  common  throughout  the  latter  range  is  V.  maxima  Smali 
(Bull.  Torr.  Bot.  Club,  27:280.  May,  1900).  Hence  the  name 
of  the  subspecies  collected  near  Baileysville,  West  Virginia, 
is  Vernonia  maxima  pubescens.  (Morris). 
V.  NovEBORACENSis  (L.)   Willd.     Iron  weed. 

In  meadows  and  pastures,  common  throughout  the  State 
Var.  LATiFOLiA  Gray. 

Meadows  and  fields.  Mason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  {Nut- 
tall). 

ELEPHANTOPUS  L. 

E.  Carolinianus  Willd. 

Dry  banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  .  371 

E.  TOMENTOSUS  L.     "Tobacco  Weed."     "Devil's  Grandmother." 
Fields.        Harrison :  near     Quiet     Dell.       Upshur :  near 
Lorentz. 

EUPATORIUM  L. 

E.  PURPUREUM  L.     Queen  of  the  Meadow.     "Quill-wort." 

Low   grounds.      Common   throughout   the    State.      Cheat 
Mountains  in  Randolph  at  an  altitude  of  3,600  feet.    Numer- 
ous specimens  were  measured  which  were  over  twelve  feet 
high  (Morris). 
E.  MACULATUM  Linn. 

Dry   Fork  River  near  Harman,   Randolph   Co.      (Green- 
man  236). 

E.   MACULATUM   AMOENUM    (PuTSh)    BrittOU. 

Rich  woods  along  runs.  Grant :  Buffalo  Creek  near  Bay- 
ard.   Tucker  :  Beaver  Creek  near  Davis. 

E.  HYSSOPIFOLIUM   L. 

Sterile  soil.     Jefiferson :  near  Shepherdstown. 
E.  PUBESCENS.     Muhl. 

Dry  hillsides.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).    Jef- 
ferson :  near   Shepherdstown.      Monongalia :  near   Morgan- 
town  and  Camp  Eden.    Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Steele). 
E.  ALTissiMUM  L.  Tall  Boneset. 

River  banks.     Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls  and  Beech- 
woods. 
E.  TRiFOLiATUM  Linn, 

In    moist    soils,    Preston:  near    Aurora    (Mr.    and    Mrs. 
Steele). 
E.  SESSiLiFOLiuM  L.     Upland  Boneset. 

River  banks.      Monongalia  :  near  Beechwoods.     Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  (Nuttall). 
E.  PERFOLiATUM  L,     Boucsct.     Thorough-wort. 

Damp  places.     Common  throughout  the  State. 
E.  AGERATOiDES  L.    White  Snake-root. 

Rich  woods.  Monongalia  :  along  Decker's  Creek  and,  else- 
w^here  plentiful.  Randolph :  Cheat  Mountains  near  Cheat 
Bridge.  Marion  :  near  Worthington.  Fayette  :  rear  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall).  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  (Mr.  and  Mrs.  Steele).  Tucker:  rich 
woods  near  Parsons   (Greenian  242). 

E.  AROMATICUM   L. 

Rich  soil.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg.  Hardy :  near 
Morefield  (Gamble). 


372  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

E.  coELESTiNUM  L.     Mist-flowcr. 

Rich  soils.  Putnam.  Jackson,  Wood  and  Monongalia.  A 
common  weed.  Randolph :  along  Tygart's  V^alley  River. 
Barbour:  near  Tygart  Junction  (Grcennian  26t,).  Haruison 
along  the  "A-Ionongah"  R.  R.  Summers:  near  Hinton. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Niittall).  Putnam:  near  Buf- 
falo. Kanawha :  near  Charleston.  Mason :  near  Point 
Pleasant.  Marion :  near  Montana  and  Worthington.  Jef- 
ferson :  near  Shepherdstown.  Nicholas :  near  Richvv'ood 
{H.  H.  Smith  1749). 

KUHNIA  Linn. 

K.  EUPATORioiDES  L.     False  Boneset. 

In  dry  soil.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Sprmgs 
(Britton).    Berkeley:  near  Martinsburg  (Sheldon  266^)) . 

LACINIARIA  Hill  (1762). 
(Liatris,  Schreb.     1791). 

L.  spicATA  (L.)  Kuntze. 

Among  rocks,   banks   of   New   River    (Selby).     Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg,  heads  5-flowered  (Nuttall). 
L.  scARiosA  souARRULosA  (Miclix.)   Small. 

Greenbrier  Co. :  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Brozcn). 

CHRYSOPSIS  Nutt. 

C.  Mariana  (L.)  Nutt. 

Dry,  rocky  roadside.  Fayette  :  R.  &  K.  turnpike  near  Nut- 
tallburg (Nuttall). 

SOLIUAGO  L. 

S.  flexicaulis  L.  (S.  latifolia  L.) 

Moist,  shaded  banks.  Monongalia :  banks  of  the  Monon- 
gahela  and  Cheat  Rivers.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nut- 
all).  Webster:  (H.  H.  Smith  1839).  Open  rich  places. 
Fayette :  along  the  railroad  track  near  Gauley  Junction 
(Eggleston  5543).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 
S.    CAESIA  L. 

Rich  woodlands.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
S.  CuRTisii  Torr.  &  Gray. 

Woodlands.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  common  (Nutt- 
all). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  373 

S.   BICOLOR  L. 

Dry  fields  and  copses.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
S.  MONTicoLA  Torr.  &  Gray. 

Woods  and  opens.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg-,  alt.  2,000 
ft.    {Nuttall).     Webster:    {H.  H.  Smith   1816).     Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
S.   PUBERULA  Nutt. 

Sunny  opens.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall). 
S.   ULIGINOSA  Nutt. 

Swampy  places.     Randolph  :  top  of  Allegheny  Mountains 
near  Horton  {Greenman  493). 
S.   SPECIOSA  Nutt. 

Cliffs  and  banks.     Fayette:  near   Nuttallburg    (Nuttall). 
S.  ODORA  Ait.     Sweet  Golden-rod. 

Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Nicholas  :  near  Rich- 
wood  (H.  H.  Smith  1746). 
S.  RUGOSA  Mill. 

Borders  of  fields  and  copses.  Along  Cheat  River.  Ran- 
dolph, Tucker,  Preston  and  Monongalia  counties.  Fayette : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Shores  of  the  Monongahela  in 
Barbour,  Taylor  and  Marion  counties.  Preston :  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

S.    ULMIFOLIA   Muhl. 

River  banks.    Ohio:  Thomas  Hill  near  Wheeling  (Mcrts 
&  Gnttenberg).    Brooke:  (Mertz  &  Guttenberg).    Fayette: 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
S.  BooTTii  Hook. 

Dry  open  woods.  Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.  Fayette  :  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

S.    ARGUTA  Ait. 

River  banks.  Ohio :  banks  of  the  Ohio  River  near 
Wheeling  (Mcrta  &  Guttenberg).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

S.    NEGLECTA   T.   &   G. 

Swampy   places.     Upshur:   near   Buckhannon    (Pollock). 
Fayette  :  near  Ouinnimont  (Pollard  &  Maxon  33,  34).    Pres- 
ton :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
S.  juNCEA  Ait.    "Yellow  Top." 

Fields  and  waste  places.  Common  throughout  the  north- 
ern, central  and  western  counties.  Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 
burg {Nuttall)  ;  near  Gauley  Bridge  and  near  Thurmond 
(Eggleston  5524,  5558).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).  Berkeley:  near  ]\Iartinsburg.  Mason:  near 
Point  Pleasant.  Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
Var.  scABRELLA  (T.  &  G.)  Gray, 
With  the  species.     Frequent. 


374  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

Var.  RAMOSA  Porter  &  Britton. 

River  banks.    Monongalia :  near  Morgantown,  below  high 
water  mark  along  the  Monongahela, 
S.   SEROTINA  Ait. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg   (Nuttall).     Monongalia:  near 
Morgantown  (M  ills  pang  h).    Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele). 
J^ar.  GiGANTEA  (Ait.)  Gray. 

Thickets.    Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (7l/a/'<7/).    Preston  :  near 
Rowlesburg. 
S.   RUPESTRIS  Raf. 

Rocky  river  banks.     Fayette :  along  the  Gaulcy  at  Gauley 
Mountain;  Kanawha  Falls  and  Hawk's  Nest  {James). 
S.  Canadensis  L. 

Borders  and  waste  fields.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

S.    NEMORALIS   Ait. 

Dry,  sterile  fields.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Common 
throughout  the  northern  counties. 

EUTHAMIA  Nutt. 

E.  GRAMiNiFOLiA  (L.)  Nutt.  (SoUdago  lanceolata  L.) 

River  banks.     Along  Cheat  River  throughout  its  length 

Along  the  Monongahela  in  Marion,  Taylor  and  Monongalia 

counties.      Gilmer:    along    the    Little    Kanawha     (Mapcl). 

Mason :   near    Point    Pleasant.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg 

(Nuttall).    Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

E.  Caroliniana  (L.)  Greene.  (S.Jenuifolia  Pursh.) 

Sandy  fields.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 

SERICOCARPUS  Nees. 

S.    LINIFOLIUS    (L.)    B.    S.   p. 

On  dry  shaded  banks  along  the  road  above  Hinton,  Sum- 
mers County,  alt.  1,400  ft.,  July  7,  1900  (Morris  950). 
S.  asteroides  (L.)  B.  S.  P.     White-topped  Aster. 

Dry  grounds.  Frequent  or  common  throughout  the  State. 
Kanawha:  near  Charleston  (James).  Greenbrier:  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all). Greenbrier  Co.,  mountains  about  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  alt.  3,000  ft.   (A.  Broztni). 

BRACHYCHAETA  T.  &  G. 

B.  sphacelata  (Raf.)  Britton.  (B.  cordata  T.  &  G.) 

Dry  woods.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  (Nutt- 
all). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  375 

BELLIS  Linn. 

B.  PERENNis  Linn. 

Becoming-  rather  common  in  the  cemetery  and  in 
yards  at  Morgantown,  AIonongaHa  County,  1907  (Sheldon 
2623). 

ASTER  L. 

A.  Claytoni  Burgess. 

Along  rocky  banks  east  of  Oceana,  Wyoming  County,  alt. 
1,300  ft.,  August  22,  1900  (Morris  1294a). 
A.  macrophyllus  L. 

Open  woods.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall).    Pres- 
ton: near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Kanawha:  at  the 
Kanawha  salinas  {Holt on). 
A.  sagittifolius  Willd. 

On  dry  banks  between  Piney,  Raleigh  County,  and  Jump- 
ing Branch,  Summers  County,  alt.  2,200-3,100  ft.,  August 
24,  1900  {Morris  1338). 
A.   PATENS   Ait. 

Rocky  river  banks.  Fayettte :  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall)  ; 
opposite  Gauley  Junction  {Eggleston  5523).  Summers  :  near 
Hinton. 

A.    PHLOGIFOLIUS   Muhl. 

Open  woods.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nuttall).    Pres- 
ton :  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.    LAEVIS  L. 

Rocky  river  banks.  Aionongalia :  near  Little  Falls.  Fay- 
ette:  near  Nuttallburg,  plentiful  (Nuttall)  ;  near  Thurmond 
(Eggleston  5552). 

A.    UNDULATUS   L. 

Dry  woods.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Kanawha : 
near  Charleston.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  common  (Nutt- 
all) ;  near  Gauley  Bridge  (Eggleston  5546).  Summers: 
near  Hinton  (Eggleston  5580). 

A.    CORDIFOLIUS  L. 

Woodlands.  Monongalia :  near  Morgantown  and  Little 
Falls.  Fayette:  near  Kanawha  Falls  (James)  ;  near  Nuttall- 
burg (Nuttall)  ;  near  Gauley  Bridge  (Eggleston  5542). 
^lason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Preston :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  & 
Mrs.  Steele).  Kanawha:  at  the  Kanawha  salinas  (Holton). 
A.  LowRiEANUs  Porter. 

Woodlands  and  opens.     Monongalia :  near   Morgantown, 
abundant.    Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  LowRiEANus  LANCiFOLius  Portcr. 

In  woodlands,  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


y]^  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

A,  Tradescanti  L. 

In  fields  and  swampy  places,  Preston  :  near  Aurora  (  Mr.  &' 
Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  PURPURATUS  Nees.  (A.  virgatits  Ell.) 

Rocky  river  banks.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallbing  {Nnttall). 
Preston :  along  Cheat  River.     Monongalia :  near  Camp  Eden. 
A.  POLYPHYLLus  Willd.  {A.  Faxoni  Porter.) 

Rocky  or  gravelly  soils.  Barbour :  near  Tygarts  Junc- 
tion  (Greenman  503). 

A.    ERICOIDES  L. 

Dry  open  places.      Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg    {Nnttall). 
Mason :    near    Point    Pleasant.      Wood :    near    Parkersburg. 
Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 
Var.  DEPAUPERATUS  Portcr.  {var.  pnsillus  A.  Gray.) 

Dry  fields.     Monongalia  :  plentiful  about  Morgantown. 
Var.  piLosus  (Willd.)   Porter. 

Roadsides,  etc.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg,  common  {Nvitt- 
all).     Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).    Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown.     Marion :  near  Fairmont. 
Var.  viLLosus  T.  &  G. 

Dry    open    places.      Pocahontas :    near    Travelers    Repose 
{Greenman  502). 
A.  LATERIFLORUS  (L.)  Britt.     {A.  miser  Man.    A.  diffusus  Ait.) 
Dry  or  moist  grounds :   Monongalia :  near   Morgantown. 
Frequent  throughout   the  northern  counties.     Hardy :  near 
Moorefield  {Gamble).     Ohio:  near  Wheeling  {Mertz  1254). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  {Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  piiRSUTiCAULis  Lindl.     "Nail-rod." 

Fields  and  roadsides.  Cabell :  near  Barboursville.  Monon- 
galia :  near  Morgantown ;  and  common  throughout  the  north- 
ern, central  and  western  counties. 

A.    MULTIFLORUS  Ait. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  {Gamble). 

A.   DUMOSUS  L. 

Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble.) 

A.  DivARicATUS  L.  {A.  coryinbosus  Ait.) 

Fayette :  in  the  gulf  where  the  old  highway  goes  over  the 

mountain   above    Gauley    Bridge    {Eggleston    5533,    5550-)- 

Webster:    {H.  H.  Smith).     Preston:  near  Aurora   {Mr.  & 

Mrs.  Steele).    Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown  { Mills  pan  gh). 

A.  viMiNEUs  Lam. 

Shaded  roadsides  and  fields.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg, 
alt.  2,000  ft.,  plentiful    (Nuttall).     Monongalia:  near  Mor- 
gantown.   Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant. 
Var.  FOLioLosus  (Alton)  A.  Gray. 

Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown,  Uffington  and  Little  Falls, 
common. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  377 

A.  PANicuLATUS  Lam.  {A.  simplex  Willd). 

Low    grounds.       Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg     (Nuttall). 
jMason  :  near  Point  Pleasant.     Putnam  :  near  Buffalo.    Ohio  : 
near  Wheeling  {Merts  1270). 
A.  SALiciFOLius  Lam. 

Near  streams.     Monongalia  and  Preston:  banks  of  Cheat 
River  (Millspaugh) .    Fayette  :  near  Gauley  Junction  (Eggle- 
ston  5520)  ;  near  Gauley  Bridge,  with  white  flowers  (Eggle- 
ston  5549),  with  blue  flowers  {Egglestton  5551). 
A.  Novi-Belgii  L. 

Damp  meadows.     Monongalia  :  near  Morgantown. 

A.    PRENANTHOIDES   Muhl. 

Rich  woods  and  borders  of  streams.  Randolph :  Cheat 
Bridge,  alt.  3,360  ft.  Monongalia:  shore  of  Monongahela 
above  Morgantown.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
near  Gauley  Bridge  (Eggleston  5536).  Preston:  near  Au- 
rora (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  Novae-Angliae  L.     New  England  Aster. 

Fields  and  moist  grounds.     Marion :  near  Fairmont  and 
Palatine  (Boiitloii). 
A.    PUNICEUS  L. 

Swampy   places.     Fayette :   near   Nuttallburg,   uncommon 
(Nuttall).      Hardy:    near    Morefield    (Gamble).      Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
A.  PUNICEUS  FiRMUS  (Nccs)  T.  &  G. 

Wet   places.      Randolph :   near   Whitmer   and   along  Dry 
Fork  River  near  Harmon  (Greenman  505,  504). 
A.  acuminatus  Michx. 

Cool,  rich  woods.    Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge.    Fayette  : 
near  Kanawha  Falls  (James.) 
A.  Shortii  Hook. 

Edges    of    woodlands.      Monongalia :    near    Morgantown 
(Sheldon  4582). 

ERIGERON  L. 

E.  ANNUUS  (L.)  Pers.    Daisy  Fleabane.     Sweet  Scabious. 

A  weed  in  meadows  and  fields.     Common  throughout  the 
State. 
E.  RAMOSus  (Walt.)  B.S.P.  Daisy  Fleabane.  (E.  strigosnsM\\\\\.) 

Fields    and    waste    places.      Monongalia :    the    Flats    and 
Uffington.     Fayette:  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
E.  PULCHELLus  Michx.  Robin's  Plantain.  (E.  bellidifolins  Muhl.) 

Copses,  common  throughout  the  State. 
E.  Philadelphicus  L.    Common  Fleabane. 

Moist  ground.   Frequent  throughout  the  northern  counties. 


3/8  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

LEPTILON  Raf. 

L.  Canadense  (L.)  Britton.     Butter-weed.     Horse-weed. 
Waste  places.     Common  throughout  the  State. 

DOELLINGERIA  Nees. 

D.  UMBELLATA  (Mill.)  Nccs.  (Astcr  Mill.) 

Moist  thickets.    Along  Cheat  River  in  Randolph,  Tucker, 

Preston  and  Monongalia  counties.     Fayette :  near  Nuttall- 

burg  (Nuttall).    Preston  :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

D.  INFIRMA   (Michx.)    Greene.  (Aster  Michx.) 

Mountain  woods.     Randolph  :   Point  Mountain,  alt.  2,800 

ft.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

lONACTIS  Greene. 

I.  LiNARiiFOLius  (L.)  Greene.  (Aster  L.) 

Rocky  places.    Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  along  the  banks 

of  New  River  below  high  water  mark,  common  (Nuttall)  ; 

New  River  Falls  (Eggleston  5521).     Barbour:  near  Tygart 

Junction  (Greenman  223). 

GIFOLA  Cass. 

G.  Germanica  (L.)  Dumort.         (GnaphaHuni  Germanicwn  L.) 
Along  the  road  north  of  Athens,  Mercer  County,  alt.  2,500 
ft.,  July  18,  1900  (Morris  1034). 

ANTENNARIA  Gaertn. 

A.  plantaginifolia  (L.)  Richards.    Everlasting. 

Sterile  hills.     Frequent  or  common  throughout  the  State. 

A.  Parlinii  Fernald. 

Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston 
4348).     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon  299). 

A.  PROPiNQUA  Greene,  Pittonia  4:83.  (1899), 

Near  A.  arnoglossa  but  more  slender  and  only  half  a^ 
large,  the  stolons  relatively  more  elongated  and  more  co- 
piously beset  with  black  gland-tipped  hairs,  the  bracts  of  the 
flowering  branch  often  rather  strongly  ciliate  with  them : 
mature  leaves  one  and  a  half  to  two  inches  long,  with  almost 
elliptic  blade  and  short  petiole,  mucronately  acute,  bright 
green  and  nearly  veinless  above,  white-tomentose  and  obvi- 
ously triple-nerved  beneath:  flowering  branches  fin  the  male, 
which  alone  is  known)  three  to  six  inches  high,  bearing  4  or 
5  involucres,  the  terminal  one  sessile,  the  rest  short-pedicel- 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  379 

late :  bracts  biserial,  with  large  clear-white  oblong-ovate 
obtuse  tips :  bristles  of  the  pappus  only  slightly  dilated  and 
sharply  serrulate  at  the  tip. 

Collected  only  by  E.  L.  Greene,  on  an  open  hillside  at 
Harper's  Ferry,  May  14,  i8g8 ;  only  one  large  patch  seen, 
and  that  male.  Though  obviously  a  near  relative  of  A.  Par- 
linii  and  arnoglossa,  its  small  size,  very  differently  shaped 
foliage  and  peculiarly  narrowed  and  serrulated  male  pappus - 
bristles,  compel  one  to  regard  it  as  wholly  distinct.  I  hope 
that  the  female  plant  may  be  detected  at  no  distant  time. 
There  is  no  A.  arnoglossa  in  the  Harper's  Ferry  region. 
A.  NEODioiCA  Greene. 

Dry  situations.     Monongalia:  near  Morgaiitown  (Sheldon 
1624). 
A.  FALLAX  Greene. 

Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  (Sheldon  349). 
A.  soLiTARiA  Rydb. 

Dry  hillsides.     Tucker:  near  Parsons  (Greenman  240). 

ANAPHALIS  DC. 

A.  MARGARiTACEA  (L.)  Bth.  &  Hook.    Pearly  Everlasting. 

Dry  hills  and  woods.  Monongalia :  along  Decker's  Creek. 
Marion :  above  Opekiska. 

GNAPHALIUM  L. 

G.  OBTUSiFOLiuM  L.  Everlasting.  (G.  polyccphaUiin  Michx.) 
Old  fields.  Frequent  or  common  throughout  the  northern 
and  central  counties.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Webster:  on  Taters 
Knob  (H.  H.  Smith).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

G.  ULIGINOSUM  L.     Low  Cud-weed. 

Low  grounds.  Grant :  near  Davis.  Gilmer  :  near  Glenville 
(Mapel;  Broimi).  Monongalia:  near  Morgantown.  Ran- 
dolph: top  of  Alleghany  Mountains  (Greenman  266).  Ma- 
son :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Wood :  near  Parkersburg.  Pres- 
ton :  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

G.  PURPUREUM  L.    Purplish  Cud-weed. 

Sandy  soil.  Monongalia :  near  Beechwoods  and  Ice's 
Ferry.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

G.    DECURRENS   IvCS. 

Open  places,  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
Randolph:  top  of  Alleghany  Mountains   (Greenman  266a). 


380  '  THE    WEST    \TRGINIA    FLORA 

INULA  L. 

I.  Helenium  L.    Elecampane. 

Fields.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Upshur :  near 
Lorentz.  Nicholas  :  along  Mumble-the-peg  Creek.  Fayette  : 
near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Greenbrier:  near  Ronceverte. 
Jefferson  :  near  Shepherdstown.  Hampshire  :  near  Romney. 
Monongalia:  near  Stumptown.  Webster:  near  Pugh  (H.  H. 
Smith  1655).     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

POLYMNIA  L. 

P.  Canadensis  L.    Leaf  Cup. 

Moist  shaded  ravines.  Fayette :  near  Kanawha  Falls  and 
Hawk's  Nest  {James;  Porter)  ;  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
near  Gauley  Junction  (Eggleston  5544).  Hardy:  near 
Moorefield  (Gamble).  Wood:  at  the  mouth  of  the  Little 
Kanawha  ( Michaux ) . 
Var.  RADiATA  Gray. 

Rich  rocky  soil.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

P.    UVEDALIA  L. 

Rich  soil.  Randolph  :  frequent  along  Tygarts  Valley  River. 
Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling 
(Mertz  1380). 

SILPHIUM  L. 

S.    ASTERISCUS  L. 

Dry  sandy  soil.    Wirt :  beyond  Burning  Springs.    Jackson  : 
near  Ripley. 
S.  TRiFOLiATUM  L.    Rosiu-wced. 

Dry  hills  and  banks.    Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ; 
at  Hawks  Nest  (Holton).    Greenbrier  Co.,  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs,  alt.  3,000  ft.  (A.  Broivn). 
S.  PERFOLiATUM  L.    Cup  Plant. 

Along  streams.  Fayette  :  near  Hawks  Nest  (James)  ;  near 
Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

CHRYSOGONUM  L. 

C.  ViRGINIANUM   L. 

Dry  soils.     Hardy:  near  Moorefield   (Gamble). 

PARTHENIUM  L. 

P.  iNTEGRiFOLiuM  L.    Snccze-wort. 

Dry  soils.    Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  banks  of  New  River 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  381 

below   high    water   mark,   plentiful    (Nuttall).     Greenbrier, 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Mertz  &  Giittenhcrg). 

HELIOPSIS  Pers. 

H.  scABRA  Dunal.     Ox-eye. 

Fields.     Gilmer:  near  Glenville   (Mapcl). 

H.  HELiANTHOiDES  (L.)   B.  S.  P.  (H.  laciis  Pers.) 

Open  places,  Webster:  near  Pugh   (H.  H.  Smith  1654)- 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).    Preston:  near  Aurora 

(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Tucker:  near   Parsons    (Greenman 

241). 

ECLIPTA  L. 

E.  ALDA  (L.)  Hassk.   (Eclipta  procnmhcns,  and  E.  erecta,  Michx.) 
Wet  river  banks.     Alason :  banks  of  the  Ohio  near  Point 
Pleasant.      Ohio:    near   Wheeling    (Merts  &    Guttenberg). 
Fayette:  R.  R.  bank,  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

RUDBECKIA  L. 

R.  LAciNiATA  L.     Cone-flower. 

Low    grounds.      Monongalia :    Little    Falls,    Beechwoods, 
Uffington,    and    Morgantown.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 
Var.  HU^kiiLis  Gray. 

Monongalia :  banks  of  IMonongahela  River  below  ]^Iorgan- 
town. 
R.   FULGIDA  Ait. 

Fields  and  Meadows.     ]\ionroe :  abundant  near  Alderson. 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
R.  TRILOBA  L.    Brown-eyed  Susan. 

Dry  fields.    Gilmer  :  near  Glenville  (il/a/'^/).    Greenbrier- 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs. 
R.  HiRTA  L.  "Nigger  Head."  "Yellow  Daisy."  Brown-eyed  Susan. 
Becoming  too  frequent  in  meadows.     Randolph  :  Cricard 
P.   O.    (Millspaugh)  :   near   Pickens    (H.   H.   Smith    1372). 
Preston:  near  Aurora   (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).     Throughout 
the    Ohio    River    counties.      Fayette:    along    Loup    Creek 
(James);  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall).     Wood:  near  Kana- 
wha Station. 
R.  SPECiosA  Wender. 

Dry  soil-.     Ohio:  near  Wheeling   (Merts  &  Guttenberg) 


382  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

BRAUNERIA  Neck  (1790). 
(Echinacea,  Moench.  1794.) 

B.  PURPUREA  (L.)  Britton.   Purple  Cone-flower.    (Echinacea  h.) 
Along  the  C.  &  O.  R.  R.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg ;  a 
rough,  bristly  form   (Niittall)  ;  near  Thurmond   (Eggleston 
5557).     Adventive  from  the  west. 

HELIANTHUS  L. 

H.  LAETiFLORUS  Pers. 

Dry  opens.     Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg. 

H.  occiDENTALis  RiddcU.     Western  Sunflower, 

Banks  of  New  River.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg;  infre- 
quent (Nuttall)  ;  at  Hawk's  Nest  (Holtoii). 
Var.  DowELLiANUS  T.  &  G. 

Dry  soils.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
H.  TOMENTOSUS  Michx. 

Banks  of  New  River.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 

H.  GROSSE-SERRATUS  Martens.    Large-toothed  Sunflower. 

Dry  fields.     Upshur  :  near  Buckhannon. 
H.  GiGANTEUS  L.    Giant  Wild  Sunflower. 

Low  grounds.     Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge.     Fayette : 
near    Nuttallburg,    plentiful     (Nuttall);    at    Hawks  '  Nest 
(Holton).     Preston:   near  Terra  Alta    (Millspaugli)  ;  near 
Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 
H.  LAEviGATUS  Torr.  &  Gray. 

Thickets.     Preston  :  near  Terra   Alta. 
H.  DORONicoiDES  Lam. 

Dry  grounds.     Ohio:  on  Bogg's  Island  (Mcrt::  &  Gutten- 
bcrg).    Hardy :  near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 
H.  MicROCEPHALus  T.  &  G.  (H.  parviflorus  Bernh.) 

Thickets.  Summers :  near  Hinton.  Greenbrier :  near 
White  Sulphur  Springs.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutt- 
all); near  Gauley  Junction  (Eggleston  5547).  Preston: 
near  Terra  Alta  (Millspaugli)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele).    Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Mertz  1452). 

H.    DIVARICATUS  L. 

Thickets    and    dry    places.      Fayette :    near    Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall).     Jackson:  up  8  mile  creek. 
H.  HiRSUTUs  Raf. 

Dry  banks.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg,  rare  (Nuttall). 
Mason :  banks  of  the  Ohio  near  Point  Pleasant.  Hardy : 
near  Moorefield  (Gamble). 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  383 

H.    STRUMOSUS   L. 

River  banks  and  low  copses.  Monongalia :  along  Decker's 
Creek  (Millspaugh).  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs. 
Steele). 

H.    TRACK ELIIFOLIUS  Mill. 

Mountain  woods.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  uncommon 
(Ntittall). 

H.    DECAPETALUS  L. 

Rich  open  woods.  Monongalia :  near  Little  Falls  and 
Uffington.  Fayette :  near  Nuttallburg,  the  m.ost  common 
species  here;  petals  mostly  8  (Ntittall).  Ohio:  near  Wheel- 
ing (Merta  1442). 

VERBESINA  L. 

V.  occiDENTALis  (L.)  Walt.    Crownbeard. 

Rich  soil.  Fayette  :  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall)  ;  and  along 
the  Great  Kanawha  River  to  its  mouth.  Jackson :  up  8-Mile 
Creek.  Wood :  near  Lockhart's  Run.  Monongalia :  near 
Morgantown.  Summers :  near  Hinton,  Jefferson :  near 
Shepherdstown.  Berkeley :  near  Martinsburg.  Greenbrier  : 
near  White  Sulphur  Springs  (Eggleston  5514).  Kanawha: 
near  Charleston  (Holton). 

V.  ALTERNiFOLiA  (L.)  Britton.  (Acti)ioiueris  alternifolia  DC.) 
Rich  soil.  Ohio:  near  Wheeling  (Merts  &  Guttenberg). 
Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele).  Fayette:  near 
Nuttallburg,  common  (Ntittall).  Monongalia:  near  Morgan- 
town.  Kanawha  :  near  Charleston  (Millspaugh)  .,  near  Kana- 
wha Salinas  (Holton). 

COREOPSIS  L. 

C.    LANCEOLATA  VILLQSA  INIichx. 

Rich  soil.  Fayette :  banks  of  New  River  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nuttall). 

C.    PUBESCENS   Ell. 

Rich  shady  place.     Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall). 

C.    AURICULATA  L. 

Rich    banks.      Fayette:    near    Nuttallburg    (Nuttall);    near 

Hawks  Nest  (Porter).     Monroe:  near  Alderson. 

C.  MAJOR  Walt.  (C.  senifolia  Michx.) 

Shady  woods.     Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs 

(Merts  &  Guttenberg). 

Var.  STELLATA  Torr.  &  Gray.  (C.  stellata  Nutt.) 

Fayette:  banks  of  New  River  near  Nuttallburg  (Ntittall). 


384  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

C.  TRiPTERis  L.     Tall  Coreopsis. 

Rich  ground.  Jackson :  plentiful  along-  8-Mile  Creek  and 
on  Limestone  Ridge.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Nxiitall); 
at  Hawks  Nest   (Holfon).     Monongalia:  near  Little  Falls. 

BIDENS  L. 

B.  CERNUA  Linn. 

Wet    places.      Randolph :    along    Dry    Fork    River    near 
Harmon  (Grecnmmi  543). 
B.  FRONDOSA  L.     Begger's  Ticks.     Stick-tights.     Pitchforks. 
Damp,  waste  places.    Common  throughout  the  State. 
B.  MELANOCARPA  Wicgand.  (B.  frondosa  Toir.  not  L.) 

Damp,    waste    places.      Monongalia :    near    Morgantown 
(Millspaugh  775). 
B.  CONNATA  Muhl.     Swamp  Beggar's  Tick. 

Wet  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State.     Kanawha : 
a  small  form  at  the  Kanawha  salinas  {Hoi ton). 
B.  COMOSA  (Gray)  Wiegand. 

Damp  open  places.    Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  {Niittall). 
Kanawha :   a   dwarf   form   of  the   species   at  the   Kanawha 
salinas.  (Holton).     Monongalia:  near  Morgantown  and  fre- 
quent throughout  the  State. 
B.  LAEVis  (L)  B.  S.  P.  (B.  chrysanthemoides)  Michx. 

Wet  places.     Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
B.  BiPiNNATA  L.    Spanish  Needles. 

Dry   places.     Abundant   throughout  the    State.     Tucker : 

bank  of  Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks  (Greenman  250), 

B.  TRiCHOSPERMA  (Michx.)  Britton.  (Coreopsis  M'lchy:.) 

Fields.     Kanawha :   near   Charleston.      Monongalia :   near 

Morgantown. 

GALINSOGA  Ruiz  &  Pav. 

G.    PARVIFLORA    Cav. 

Waste  grounds.  Mason :  near  Point  Pleasant.  Wood : 
near  Parkersburg. 

MARSHALLIA  Schreb. 

A-I.  GRANDiFLORA  Bcadlc  &  Boyuton. 

Moist  soils,  Upshur:  near  Buckhannon  (Pollock). 
M.  OBOVATA  PLATYPHYLLA  (Curtis)   Bead.  &  Boynt, 

Barbour:  near  Tygart  Junction  (Greenman  217). 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL   SURVEY  385 

HELENIUM  L. 

H.  AUTUMN  ALE  L.     Snecze-weed. 

Alluvial  river  banks.  Wirt :  along  the  Little  Kanawha 
River.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg-  (Nuttall).  Monongaha : 
near  Morgantown.  Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,660 
ft.  Summers:  near  Hinton  { Mills pmigh,  Eggleston  5519)- 
Hardy:  near  Moorefield  (Gamble).  Preston:  near  Aurora 
(Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

TAGETES  Linn. 

T.    PATULA   L. 

Escaped  from  cultivation  and  established  along  the  rail- 
road near  Laurel  Creek,  Fayette  County,  near  Quinnimont 
(Pollard  &  Max  on  20). 

ACHILLEA  L. 

A.  Millefolium  L.     Yarrow.     Milfoil. 

Common  throughout  the  State,  even  in  the  most  inac- 
cessible portions  of  the  virgin  forests  in  the  Alleghanies, 
where  it  certainly  appears  native.  Randolph :  Point  j\Ioun- 
tain,  alt.  3,300  ft.     Nicholas  :  Buffalo  Range,  alt.  2,875  ^t. 

ANTHEAHS  L. 

A.  CoTULA  L.     Dog's  Fennel.     May-weed. 

Fields  and  waste  grounds.  Common  throughout  the  State. 
A.  ar\'ensis  L.     Chamomile. 

Waste  places.  Morgan :  along  the  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  near  No. 
12  Water  Tank. 

CHRYSANTHEMUM  L. 

C.  Leucanthemum  L.    Ox-Daisy.    "Sheriff  Pink." 

Becoming  too  plentiful  as  a  weed  in  fields,  in  the  follow- 
ing counties :  Monongalia,  Marion,  Hampshire :  where  it  is 
often  known  as  Sheriff  Pink ;  Jackson,  Preston,  Kanawha : 
near  Charleston  (James)  ;  Cabell :  near  Barboursville 
(James).  Grant,  Lewis,  Upshur.  Randolph,  Berkeley:  near 
Martinsburg;  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  [Nuttall).  Green- 
brier :  near  Ronceverte,  Caldwell,  Fort  Spring,  and  White 
Sulphur  Springs.  Hardy  :  near  IMoorefield  (Ca^z&Z^).  Mer- 
cer :  near  Princeton  and  Ingfleside. 


386  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FLORA 

MATRICARIA  L. 

M.  MATRicARioiDES  (Less.)  Porter.    Wild  Qiamomile.     (M.  dis- 
coidea  DC.) 

Established  on  B.  &  O.  R.  R.  bank,  Morgan:  near  No.  12 
Water  Tank. 

TANACETUM  L. 

T.  vuLGARE  L.     Tansy. 

Escaped  to  roadsides.  Gilmer :  near  DeKalb.  Lewis : 
near  Weston.  Grant :  near  Davis.  Wood :  near  Parkers- 
burg.  Jefferson :  near  Shepherdstown.  Monongalia :  on 
Kingwood  Pike. 

ARTEMISIA  Linn. 

A.  ANNUA  L.     Wormwood. 

River  banks  and  waste  places.  Wood :  near  Parkersburg 
(Millspaugh).  Mason:  near  Point  Pleasant,  where  it  is  said 
to  have  been  introduced  by  an  early  French  physician  (Shel- 
don 924).    Jefferson:  at  Harpers  Ferry  (Greene). 

ERECHTITES  Raf. 

E.  HiERAciFOLiA  (L.)  Raf.     Firewccd. 

Moist  woods  and  banks,  especially  new  fallows.  Ran- 
dolph :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,700  ft.  Fayette :  near  Nutt- 
allburg  (Nnttall).  Monongalia:  near  Uffington  and  Mor- 
gantown.     Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 

MESADENIA  Raf. 

M.  RENiFORMis  (Muhl.)  Raf.     Great  Indian  Plantain.     (Cacalia 
Muhl.) 

Rich  woods.  Marion :  along  the  F.  M.  &  P.  R.  R., 
especially  near  Opekiska.  Summers :  near  Greenbrier  Stock 
Yards.  Monroe  :  near  Alderson  and  Wolf  Creek.  Preston : 
near  Terra  Alta.  Ohio :  Bogg's  Island,  near  Wheeling 
(Mertz  &  Guttenberg). 

M.  ATRiPLiciFOLiA  (L.)  Raf.  Pale  Indian  Plantain.  {Cacalia  L.). 
Rich  woodlands.  Upshur :  near  Lorentz.  Monongalia : 
banks  of  Cheat  River,  near  Camp  Eden.  Ohio :  near  Wheel- 
ing (Merts  &  Guttenberg)  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg 
(Nnttall);  near  Thurmond  (Eggleston  5553).  Preston: 
near  Aurora  (Mr.  &  Mrs.  Steele). 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  387 

SYNOSMA  Raf. 

S.  SUAVEOLENS  (L.)  Raf.     Indian  Plantain.  (Cacalia  L.) 

Rich  banks.  Monongalia  and  Marion :  from  Opekiska  to 
Morgan  town  along  the  Monongahela  River,  frequent.  Pres- 
ton :  near  Terra  Alta.  Summers  :  near  Hinton.  Ohio  :  near 
Wheeling  (Merta  &  Guttcnberg). 

SENECIO  L. 

S.  ANTENNARIIFOLIUS  BrittOU. 

On  a  loose  slate  hillside.  Greenbrier :  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs  (Allen  &  Britton,  Mackenzie). 

Perennial,  tufted  in  mostly  large  clumps ;  stems  slender, 
2-4.5  dm.  high,  loosely  white-woolly.  Leaves  nearly  all  basal, 
commonly  numerous,  oval  to  spatulate,  angulateiy  few-tooth- 
ed or  entire,  mostly  obtuse,  narrowed  into  a  petiole  as  long 
as  the  blade  or  longer,  densely  white-tomentose  beneath, 
green  and  finally  glabrous  above,  2-4  cm.  long;  stem-leaves 
small,  spatulate,  laciniate,  or  the  upper  narrowly  Hnear  and 
entire ;  heads,  slender-peduncled,  rather  less  than  25  mm 
broad ;  rays  golden-yellow,  showy ;  involucre  6  mm  high, 
white-woolly;  achenes  glandular-pubescent. 
S.  VULGARIS  L.  Groundsel. 

Roadsides,  fence  rows,  streets,  and  waste  places ;  adven- 
tive  from  Europe.     Frequent. 
S.  AUREUS  L.     Golden  Rag-wort. 

Damp  places  in  open  woods.  Frequent  throughout  the 
State. 

S.   OBOVATUS  Muhl. 

Damp  places.  Lewis :  near  Weston.  Monongalia :  near 
Morgantown  (Millspaiigh).  Greenbrier:  near  White  Sul- 
phur Springs  (Eggleston  4;^46).  Ohio:  near  Wheeling 
(Merts  1567). 

S.  Balsamitae  Muhl. 

Rocky  open  woods.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nutfall). 
Monongalia :  near  Morgantown.  Mercer :  near  Beaver 
Springs. 

ARCTIUM  L. 

A.  Lappa  L.     Burdock. 

Waste  grounds,  near  dwellings.     Abundant  everywhere. 
A.  minus  Schk. 

Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 


388  THE    WEST    VIRGINIA    FLORA 

CENTAUREA  Linn. 

C.  NIGRA  Linn. 

Appeared  in  191 1  in  the  alfalfa  field  of  Air.  L.  A.  Bond,  at 
Lost  Creek,  Harrison  County,  and  in  1912  in  his  oat  field 
(Sheldon). 

CARDUUS  L. 

C.  LANCEOLATUS  L.     Common  Thistle. 

Fields,  waste  grounds,  and  roadsides.     Common. 
C.  ALTissiMus  L.  Tall  Thistle. 

Fields  and  moist  copses,  frequent.  Monongalia,  Marion 
and  Preston  counties.  Fayette:  near  Nuttallburg  (Nuttall). 
Summers:  near  Greenbrier  Stock  Yards.  Ffardy:  near 
Moorefield.  Preston:  near  Aurora  (Mr.  and  Mrs.  Steele). 
Tucker :  banks  of  the  Blackwater  River  near  Hendricks 
(Greenman  320). 
C.  DISCOLOR  (Muhl.)   Nutt. 

Fields.     Jefferson :  near  Charlestown ;  Summit  Point  and 
near  Shepherdstown. 
C.  ViRGiNiANUS  (L.)  Pers.     Virginia  Thistle. 

Woods  and  opens.      Summers:    near    Hinton.       Preston: 
near  Terra  Alta.    Frequent  throughout  the  State. 
C.  MUTicus  (Michx.)  Pers.     Swamp  Thistle. 

Wet  places.     Randolph  :  near  Cheat  Bridge,  alt.  3,700  ft. 
L^pshur :  near  Lorentz.     Kanawha  :  near  Charleston.     Pres- 
ton :  near  Terra  Alta  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  and  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  ODORATUS  (Muhl.)   Porter.     Pasture  Thistle.     (Cirsiiun  pnm- 
ilunt,  Spr.) 

Dry   fields.      Greenbrier :    near    White    Sulphur    Springs. 
Preston:  near  Terra  Alta;  near  Cranberry  Summit  (Merts 
&  Guttenberg)  ;  near  Aurora  (Mr.  and  Mrs.  Steele). 
C.  ARVENSis  (L.)  Robs.     Canada  Thistle. 

Dry  fields,  becoming  troublesome  in  many  localities.  Jef- 
ferson:  plentiful  near  Charlestown,  where  it  was  doubtless 
brought  in  baled  hay  by  the  Federal  troops  during  the  war. 
Randolph  :  on  the  apex  of  Point  Mountain,  alt.  3,700  ft.,  in  a 
field  owned  and  cultivated  two  years  ago  by  a  Connecticut 
gentleman,  who  probably  brought  the  seed  there  from  the 
east.  Greenbrier  :  near  White  Sulphur  Springs.  Jefferson  : 
near  Summit  Point  and  Shenandoah  Junction.  Hancock : 
near  Holliday's  Cove.     Brooke :  at  Wellsburg. 

Reported  also  from  Hampshire :  near  Slanesville  and 
Capon  Bridge.  Brooke  :  near  Wellsburg.  Ohio  :  near  Beech 
Glen  School  House.  Summers :  near  Jumping  Branch. 
Putnam :  near  Hurricane,  Paradise  and  Confidence.     Jeffer- 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  389 

son :  near  Summit  Point,  Middleway,  Mohler's,  Shenandoah 
Junction,  Leetown  and  Charlestown.  Lewis :  near  Camden 
Harrison :  near  Shinnston  and  Wallace.  Mineral :  near  Pat- 
terson's Depot  (since  destroyed).  Berkeley:  near  Martins- 
burg  and  Gerrardstown.  Wirt :  near  Burning  Springs.  Wet- 
zel :  near  Endicott.  Jackson :  near  Sandy  and  Silverton. 
Kanawha :  near  Pocotaligo  and  Gazil.  Mercer :  near  Con- 
cord Church.  Wayne :  near  Stone  Coal.  Braxton :  near 
Bulltown  and  Tate  Creek.  Tyler :  in  Mead  dist.  Roane : 
near  Newton  and  Looneyville.  Upshur :  near  Evergreen. 
Wood :  near  Murphy's  Mills,  Volcano,  Parkersburg,  and 
Rockport.  Ritchie :  near  Berea.  Fayette :  near  Mountain 
Cove.  Marshall :  near  Meighen.  Hardy :  near  Wardens- 
ville.  Preston:  near  Independence,  1889-91.  Monroe:  near 
Union.  Greenbrier:  near  Trout  Valley  and  Lewisburg. 
Grant :  near  Greenland.  Hancock :  near  Holliday's  Cove. 
Taylor :  near  Grafton.  Cabell :  near  Milton.  Clay :  near 
Valley  Fork.    Doddridge  :  near  Leopold. 

The  presence  of  this  weed  in  the  localities  noted  in  the 
second  paragraph,  where  not  corroborated  in  the  first,  is  open 
to  doubt. 


PART  II. 

The  Fossil    Flora  of  West    Virginia 


By  DAVID  WHITE 

The  following  list  includes  the  species  of  fossil  plants  pub- 
lished by  various  geologists  as  having  been  found  in  the  upper 
Paleozoic  and  Pleistocene  formations  of  West  Virginia.  The 
plant-bearing  beds  represented  belong  to  the  Pocono,  the  basal 
formation  of  the  Mississippian  ("Lower  Carboniferous")  series; 
the  Princeton  conglomerate  member,  of  Chester  age,  also  in 
the  Mississippian  series ;  several  formations  in  the  Pottsville 
group,  the  basal  division  of  the  Pennsylvanian  ("Upper  Carbon- 
iferous") series;  and  from  various  members  or  beds  in  the  Alle- 
gheny, Conemaugh  and  Dunkard  formations  which  constitute  the 
remainder  of  the  Pennsylvanian  and  the  Permian  in  the  bituminous 
regions  of  the  Appalachian  trough.  The  Quaternary  system  is 
represented  by  the  Carrnichaels  clay,  an  interglacial  deposit  of 
pre-Wisconsin  age. 

In  West  Virginia  the  fossil  plants  of  some  of  the  formations, 
like  the  Allegheny,  for  example,  have  received  very  little  attention, 
and  the  lists  for  these  formations  are  accordingly  short,  while  in' 
others,  like  the  Quinnimont  and  Kanawha  (both  of  Pottsville 
age),  our  paleobotanical  knowledge  is  based  predominantly  on 
material  from  this  state.  The  floras  of  the  Conemaugh  have  had 
but  little  study,  and  their  differentiation  from  those  of  the  Mon- 
ongahela,  on  the  one  hand,  or  from  those  of  the  Allegheny  on  the 
other,  is  therefore  at  present  very  incomplete.  The  composition 
and  characteristics  of  the  plant  life  of  the  Monongahela  also  are 
but  little  understood,  though  it  is  known  that  the  floras  contain 
much  that  is  present  in,  though  not  peculiar  to,  tJie  Dunkard 
(basal  Permian).  The  remains  of  a  meager  flora  occurring  near 
the  lop  of  the  Greenbrier  limestone  in  West  Virginia  are  wholly 
unstudied  and  unrecorded.  Consequently  they  do  not  appear  in 
the  list.  Further  study  will  greatly  enlarge  a  number  of  the  lists 
from  formations  containing  large  and  interesting  floras  that  are 
as  yet  comparatively  unstudied. 

Many  of  the  names  quoted  in  the  accompaning  lists  are  based 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  39I 

on  preliminary  examinations  and  are  tentative,  the  collections  hav- 
ing in  a  large  number  of  cases  not  yet  been  fully  studied. 

The  differentiation  of  the  floras  of  the  lower  Pottsville 
which  Doctor  White  has  called  the  Pocahontas  group;  of  the 
middle  Pottsville,  which  he  has  termed  the  New  River  group ;  and 
of  the  upper  Pottsville  for  which  he  has  adopted  the  name,  Beaver 
River  group,  is  fairly  well  established.  As  initial,  or  invasion, 
stages  the  Raleigh  sandstone  and  the  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of 
the  Sewell  formation  are  logically  placed  by  the  writer  in  the 
New  River  and  Beaver  River  groups,  respectively,  of  Dr.  White. 
His  Pocahontas  and  New  River  groups  fall  within  the  time  cover- 
ed by  the  "Millstone  Grit",  and  the  Lower  Coal  Measures  of  Great 
Britain,  the  Beaver  River  group  being  referable  approximately  to 
the  Middle  Coal  Measures  and  the  "transition"  series  of  Great 
Britain,  while  the  Allegheny  goes,  for  the  most  part,  together  with 
the  Conemaugh  and  Monongahela,  into  the  Upper  Coal  Measures 
of  Great  Britain.  The  beds  up  to  an  horizon  possibly  as  high  as 
the  base  of  the  Kittanning  group  of  the  coals  in  the  Allegheny 
formation  are  of  Westphalian  age,  the  higher  Pennsylvanian  beds 
being  of  Stephanian  age  as  these  periods  are  defined  in  Con- 
tinental Europe. 

The  Dunkard  formation,  the  division  originally  proposed  by 
Doctor  White  in  substitution  for  the  "Upper  Barren  Measures" 
of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Reports,  is  here  used  for  convenience 
and  conformity  with  the  West  Virginia  state  nomenclature  in 
place  of  Washington  and  Greene,  the  two  formations  into  which 
the  Dunkard  has  been  divided. 

The  thanks  of  the  writer  are  due  to  Doctor  White  and  the 
other  geologists  of  the  State  for  the  stratigraphic  references  of 
several  of  the  fossil  plant  collections  made  fr'^m  beds  in  the  Alle- 
gheny and  Conemaugh  formations,  the  precise  stage  of  these 
beds  not  having  been  determined  prior  to  the  detailed  areal  work 
now  in  progress  by  the  State. 

Among  the  species  in  the  list  there  are  many  that  have  not 
been  recorded  from  localities  outside  of  West  Virginia,  though 
most  are  known  to  occur  in  beds  of  the  same  age  in  other  parts 
of  the  Appalachian  coalfields.  In  order,  however,  to  avoid  the 
description  of  new  species  which  must  necessarily  be  accompanied 
by  illustrations,  thus  unduly  increasing  both  the  volume  and  the 
expense  of  publication,  the  list  is  confined  to  species  already  re- 
ported from  West  Virginia,  or — as  in  the  cases  of  Lewis  Tunnel 
in  Virginia,  or  Brown's  Mills  and  Jollytown  in  Greene  County, 
Pennsylvania — from  localities  near  the  state  boundary. 

The  names  inscribed  in  this  list  are  based  upon  the  identifica- 
tions of  a  number  of  geologists  and  paleontologists  and  represent 
not  merely  the  work  of  different  men  but  also  the  work  of  differ 
ent  periods  or  stages  in  the  growth  of  our  knowledge  of  the 


392  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

paleobotany  of  the  upper  Paleozoic.  The  identifications,  there- 
fore, represent  the  diverse  points  of  view  and  the  interpretations 
of  men  varying-  as  to  their  special  lines  of  scientific  work,  as  to 
their  familiarity  with  fossil  floras,  and  as  to  their  periods  of  study. 
The  result  is  the  introduction  of  some  incompatible  identifications 
and  some  confusion  in  the  lists.  There  are  doubtless  cases  in 
which  the  same  species  is  listed  under  different  names,  while,  in 
others,  plants  differing  as  to  species,  or  even  as  to  genera,  ai'fe 
probably  recorded  under  a  single  name.  The  results  are  the 
records  as  present  of  species  not  present  in  a  given  formation  and 
the  omission  of  others.  The  writer  has  attempted  to  eliminate  the 
greater  number  of  the  paleobotanical  and  stratigraphic  errors  thus 
introduced.  In  numerous  cases,  however,  for  the  sake  of  conser- 
vatism this  has  not  been  attempted.  Obviously  the  errors  cannot 
in  all  cases  be  eliminated  without  consultation  of  the  original 
specimens,  which  appears  to  be  for  the  most  part  impossible. 

In  the  first  list,  which  is  systematic  and  approximately  com- 
plete, the  name  of  the  species  is  accompanied  by  the  citation  of 
either  the  place  of  its  original  publication  or  the  publication 
in  which  the  generic  combination  was  first  introduced.  Other 
references  are  to  papers  relating  to  the  floras  of  West  Virginia. 
The  lists  given  in  Volume  II  of  the  State  Reports  are  not  cited 
for  the  reason  that  these  lists  are  quoted  from  a  paper  of  earlier 
date  by  the  writer  (Bulletin  of  the  Geological  Society  of  America, 
vol  XI),  which  is  cited.  In  passing  mention  should  be  made  of  the 
list  of  fossil  plants  of  the  State  printed  in  Professor  Millspaugh's 
"Preliminary  Catalogue  of  the  Flora  of  West  Virgina"  (see  Rul. 
24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  1892,  pp.  519-527).  The  fossil  plant 
list  in  this  publication  was  contributed  by  America's  great  patron 
of  paleobotany,  R.  D.  Lacoe,  of  Pittston,  Pa.  It  is  based  in  part 
on  identifications  made  by  Lesquereux  in  his  last  and  enfeebled 
years,  and  in  part  on  studies  made  by  Mr.  Lacoe  who  was,  him- 
self, a  high  authority  on  the  Paleozoic  floras.  Lack  of  com- 
parison of  the  specimens  studied  by  Fontaine  and  White  is  re- 
sponsible for  certain  variations  in  identification. 

Full  data  descriptive  of  the  formations  of  the  Pennsylvanian 
and  Permian  in  West  Virgina,  the  position  of  the  coals  and  their 
stratigraphic  relations  will  be  found  in  Volume  II  A  of  the  State 
Reports,  to  which  the  reader  is  referred  for  all  geologic  informa- 
tion respecting  the  plant  beds. 


SYSTEMATIC  LIST  OF  SPECIES. 

Archaeopteris  alleghanensis  (Meek)  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Bull.  Phil.  Soc.  Wash..  Washington,  vol.  i,  Appendix  VIII, 
1874.  p.  xviii,  pi.  i,  fig.  2  a.  b.     [Pocono  sandstone.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  393 

Archaeopteris  Bockschiana   (Goeppert)   Lesquereux? 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P.  (Coal  FL),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  306,  pi.  xlix,  figs.   1-4.      [Pocono  sandstone[. 
Archaeopteris  cf.  stricta  Andrews. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,   1875,  Palaeont,  p. 
418,  pi.  xlix,  figs.  2,  2a.     D.  White.     Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.  II,  1900,  p.  162.      [Pottsville  group:  Nuttall  sandstone 
lentil  of  Sewell  formation] . 
Archaeopteris  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  318.     [Nuttall  sand- 
stone lentil  of  Sewell  formation]. 
Triphyllopteris  Lescuriana   (Meek)    Fontaine. 

i\mer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  sen,  vol.  13,  1877,  p.  123.  [Pocono 
sandstone] . 

Triphyllopteris  Virginian  a  Aleek. 

Bull.  Phil.  Soc.  Washington,  vol.  i.  Appendix  VIII,  1874, 
p.  xviii.      [Pocono  sandstone]. 

This  is  probably  the  plant  listed  by  Fontaine (Amer.  Jour. 
Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  7,  1874,  p.  578)  as  Cyclopteris  valida..     It 
is  one  of  the  forms  of  a  polymorphous  type,  all  of  which  are 
characteristic  of  the  lower  Mississippian. 
Aneimites  cf.  tenuifolius  (Goeppert)  D.  White. 

Better  known  as  Adianlites  tenuifolius  (Goppert)  Stur. 
Abh.  K.-K.  Geol.  Reichsanst,  vol.  8,  No.  i  (Culm-Fl),  pt.  i, 
1875,  p.  65,  pi.  xvi,  figs.  2,  3.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville  group:  Quinnimont 
formation] . 

Aneimites  adiantoides  (Lindley  &  Hutton)  Bailey. 

Mem.  Geol.  Surv.  Ireland,  Expl.  Sheet  137,  Dublin,  1859, 
p.  12.  Described  by  Lindley  &  Hutton  as  Sphenopteris  ad- 
iantoides Foss.  Fl.  Great  Britain,  vol.  2,  1834,  p.  91,  pi.  cxv. 
Fontaine:  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  378. 
[Pottsville  group;  Clark?  and  Sewell  formations]. 

Aneimites  fertilis  D.  White. 

Smithsonian  Misc.  Coll.,  vol.  47,  pt.  3,  1904,  p.  323,  pi. 
xlvii.  The  small  fruits  bearing  the  name  Wardia  fertilis  are 
the  seeds  of  Aneimites  fertilis.  [Pottsville  group;  Clark 
formation] 

Aneimites  (Adiantites)  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.     [Princeton  con- 
glomerate (Mississippian)]. 
Eremopteris  artemisiaefolia  (Sternberg)     Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  416,  pi.  XXX,  fig.  4;  Millspaugh, 
Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgantown,  1892, 
p.  521.      [Pottsville  group,  Kanawha  formation]. 


394  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Eremopteris  cf.  ELEGANS  ( Ettiiigshausen)  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P.  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  294,  pi.  liii,  figs.  7,  7a.     Bull  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
6,  1895,  p.  315.      [Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont  and  Sewell 
formations]. 
Eremopteris  cf.  decomposita  (Kidston)  D.  White. 

Trans.  Roy.  Soc.  Edinburgh,  vol.  30,  1882,  p.  538,  pi,  xxxii, 
figs.   I,   la,  4,   5.     D.  White:   Bull  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6, 
1895,  p.  313.      [Princeton  conglomerate   (Mississippian)]. 
Eremopteris  microphylla  Lesq? 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P.  (Coal  Fl.)  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  296,  pi.  liii,  figs.  6,  7,  7a.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,   1895,  p.  315.      [Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont 
formation]. 
Eremopteris  cheathami  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P.   (Coal  FL),  vol 
3,  1884,  p.  770,  pi.  civ,  figs.  2-4.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell 
formation] . 
Eremopteris  macilenta  (Lindley  &  Hutton)  D.  White? 

Known  in  the  literature  as  Sphcnopteris  macilenta  Lind- 
ley &  Hutton:  Foss  Fl.  Great  Britain,  vpl.  2,  1835,  p.  193,  pi. 
cli.  Fontaine :  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  New  Haven,  3rd  ser.,  vol. 
II,  1876,  p.  381  (identification  subject  to  question).  [Potts- 
ville group;  Clark  and  Sewell  formations]. 
Eremopteris  cf.  Sauveuri   (Crepin)   D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.   Am.,  vol.    11,   1900,  p.   163.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation]. 
Eremopteris  cf.  lincolniana  D.  White. 

Twentieth  Ann.  Rept.   U.  S.   Geol.   Survey,   i898-'99,  pt. 
2,  1900,  p.  869,  pi.  cxcii,  figs.  I,  la.     Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.   II,  1900,  p.   161.      [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion] . 
Eremopteris  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   161.     [Pottsville 
grcup;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Eremopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,   p.  318.     [Pottsville 
group ;   Nuttall   sandstone  lentil  of   Sewell   formation] . 
Cheilanthites  trifoliolatus  (Artis)  Goppert. 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop. — Car.,  vol.  17,  Suppl.  (Sys. 
Fil.  Foss.),  1836,  p.  245.  Better  known  as  Pseudopecoptcrisr 
frifoliolata.  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P.  (Coal 
FL),  vol  I,  1880,  p.  217,  and  Sphenoptcris  trifolio'lata: 
Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  59  (50).  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  pp.  161,  163. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation]. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  395 

Cheilanthites  obtusilobus   (Brongniart)    Goeppert 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop. — Car.,  vol.  17,  Suppl.(Sys. 
Fil.  Foss.),  1836,  p.  246.  This  is  the  Pseudopccopteris  ob- 
tusiloba  (Brongniart)  of  Lesquereux :  Second  Geol.  Surv. 
Pa.,  Kept.  Progr.  P.  (Coal  FL),  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  753.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  170.  [Cone- 
maugh  formation] . 

The  report  of  the  species  by  Fontaine  (Amei.  Jour.  Sci. 
(3),  vol.  7,  1874,  p.  574)  from  the  Sewell  formation  is  un- 
doubtedly erroneous.  It  is  probable  that  the  Sewell  plant  is 
close  to,  if  not  identical  with,  that  described  by  Lesquereux 
(Coal  Flora,  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  770,  pi.  civ,  figs.  2-4)  as  Eremop- 
tcris  Cheathami. 

Cheilanthites  obtusilobus  var.  dilatata  (Lesquereux). 

The  Pseudopecoptcris  obtusiloba  dilatata  (Lesquereux) 
Lacoe:  Cat.  Palaeoz.  Pits.  N.  Amer.,  Pittston,  1884,  p.  9. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation]. 

Cheilanthites  solidus  D.  White. 

This  is  the  Sphcnopteris  solida  of  Lesquereux :  Second 
Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  759,  pi.  ci, 
fig.  3.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  170. 
[Pottsville  proup;  Kanawha  formation].  [Also  in  Cone- 
maugh  formation] . 

Cheilanthites  souamosus  (Lesquereux)   D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  170.  This  species, 
first  described  by  Lesquereux  as  Pecopteris  squamosa,  has 
generally  been  recorded  in  the  American  literature  as  Pseu- 
dopecoptcris anceps.  It  is  possibly  indistinguishable  from  the 
European  plant  known  as  Pecopteris  sphenopteroides.  [Alle- 
gheny and  Conemaugh  formations] . 

Cheilanthites  cf.  nummularius  (Gutbier)  D.  White. 

This  is  the  Pseudopccopteris  cf.  nuiniindaria  (Gutbier)  of 
Lesquereux:  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  (Coal 
FL),  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  751,  pi.  ciii,  figs.  1-3.  D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  168.  [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation]. 

Diplothmema  pachyderm  a  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 
The    Odontopteris    pachyderma    of    Fontaine    and    I.    C. 
White:  Second  Geol.  Surv.' Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP.,  1880.  p.  53, 
pi.  X.  figs.  5-10.      [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).]. 

Diplothmema  cf.  Jacouoti  Zeiller. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.  [Pottsville 
group :  Kanawha  formation.] 

Mariopteris  pottsvillea  D.  White.     Twentieth  Ann.  Rept.  U. 
S.  Geol.  Surv.  i898-'99,  pt.  2,  1906. 

This    is    the    plant    listed    as    Pseudopccopteris    muricata 


396  TPIE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

(Schlotheim)  Lesquereiix  "form."  by  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol. 
Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville  eroup :  Quinnl- 
mont  formation.] 

This  species  is  everywhere  present  in  the  upper  part  of 
the  lower  Pottsville. 

Mariopteris  pottsvillea  var.  The  plant  listed  as  Pscudopecop- 
teris  muricata  form.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,  p.  317.      [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Mariopteris  inflata  (Newberry)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   161.      [Pottsville 
group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Mariopteris  pygmaea  D.  White. 

Twentieth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  i898-'99,  pt.  2, 
1900,  p.  876,  pi.  cxcii,  figs.  2-6.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  162.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation.] 

Mariopteris  Sillimanni  (Brongniart)  D.  White. 

Nineteenth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  1897-1898 
[1899],  p.  479.  D.  White,  Bull  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900, 
p.  170.     [Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 

Mariopteris  muricata  (Schlotheim)  Zeiller. 

Expl.  Carte  Geol.  France,  Paris,  vol.  4,  Atlas,  1878,  pi. 
clxvii,  fig.  5;  text  1879,  p.  71.  D.  White,  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation,  and  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell  formation.] 

Mariopteris  ACUTA  (Brongniart)  Zeiller. 

Bull.  Soc.  Geol.  France  (3),  vol.  7,  1879,  p.  98.  Recorded 
as  Pseudopecoptcris  acuta  (Brongniart)  by  Lesquereux: 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P.  (Coal.  Fl.),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  215,  pi.  xxxvii,  fig.  6.  D.  White,  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  318.  [Pottsville  group;  Nuttall  sand- 
stone lentil  of  Sewell  formation,  and  the  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.] 

Mariopteris  Andraenx\  (v.  Roehl.)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163  [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation]. 

Mariopteris  latifolia   (Brongniart)   Zeiller? 

Mem.  Soc.  Geol.  Nord,  Lille,  vol.  i.  No.  3,  1882,  p.  5. 
This  is  the  Pseudopecoptcris  latifolia  (Brong.)  Lesq.  form., 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  P-  3^5- 
[Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont  formation  and  Kanawha 
formation.] 

Mariopteris  cf.  dimorpha  (Lesquereux)  D.  White.  This  is  the 
Pseudopecoptcris  dimorpha'  Lesquereux :  Second  Geol.  Surv. 
Pa.,  Rept.   Progr.    P    (Coal   Fl.),   vol.    i,    1880,  p.   201,   pi. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURNEY  397 

XXXV,  figs.   1-6.     D.  White :    Bull.  Geol.  See.  Am.,  vol.  6, 
1895,  p.  315.     [Pottsville  group;  Ouinnimont  formation.] 

Mariopteris  sphenopteroides  (Lesquereux)  Zeiller.  n,  var. 

Fl.  foss.  Bass.  Houill.  V^alenciennes,  Paris,  Atlas,  1886,  pi. 
xix,  figs.  3,  4;  text  1888,  p.  171.  D.  White,  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  163.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation.]      [Also  in  Allegheny  formation.] 

Mariopteris  nervosa  (Brongniart)  Zeiller. 

Expl.  Carte  Geol.  France,  Paris,  vol.  4,  v\tlas,  1878,  pi. 
clxvii,  figs.  1-4;  text  1879,  P-  ^9-  D.  White,  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161.  [Pottsville  group:  Kanawha 
formation.]  [Also  in  the  Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  form- 
ations.] 

Mariopteris  Newberryi  (Lesquereux)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11.  1900,  p.  170.  [Allegheny 
formation.] 

Mariopteris?  spinulosa  (Lesquereux)  D.  W. 

This  is  the  Pscndopecoptcris  spinulosa  of  Lesquereux: 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1880,  p.  195,  pi.  Ivi, 
fig.  I.  Millspaugh:  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta., 
Morgantown,  1892,  p.  525.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 

Sphenopteris  (Crossotheca)  ophioglossoides  (Lesquereux)  D. 
White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  8,  i8q6  [1897],  p.  300  [Sorocla- 
dus].  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  170. 
[Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 

Sphenopteris  spinosa  Goppert. 

Gatt.  Foss.  Pflanzen,  pts.  3  &  4,  1842,  p.  104,  pi.  xii.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11.  1900,  p.  161.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Sphenopteris  patentissima   (Ettingshausen)    Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  407.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville  group;  Ouinnimont 
formation.] 

Sphenopteris  cf.  Royi  Lesquereux,  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa., 
Rept.  Prog.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  768,  pi.  civ,  figs. 
7-10.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 

Sphenopteris  furcata  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  59  (50).  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  161.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Sphenopteris  elegans  (Brongniart)   Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xv.  pi.  xxiii,  fig. 
2.  ^lillspaugh,  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Mor- 
gantown, 1892,  p.  527.  [Pottsville  group:  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.] 


398  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sphenopteris  distans  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt   (Tcntamen),   1825,  p.  xvi.     D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.     [Princeton  con- 
glomerate (Mississippian).] 
Sphenopteris  divaricata  of  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  767,  pi.  civ,  fig.  6.  D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  I  Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont  forma- 
tion.] 

A  plant  doubtfully  referred  to  the  same  species  occurs  in 
the  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  the  Sewell  formation. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  Goepperti  (Ettingshausen)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.    I,   1869,  p.  412.     D.  White:  Bull.  GeoJ. 
Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.      [Pottsville  group;  Quinni- 
mont formation.] 
Sphenopteris  Hoeninghausii  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  60  (51).    D. 
White:  Smithsonian  Misc.  Coll.   (Quarterly  Issue),  vol.  47, 
pt.  3,  1905,  p.  383,  pi.  liii,  fig.  2.     [Pottsville  group;  Clark, 
Quinnimont  and  Sewell  formations.] 
Sphenopteris  rarinervis  Fontaine. 

Am.   Jour.    Sci.    (3),   vol.    11,    1876,   p.   381.      [Pottsville 
group;  Clark  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  linearis  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xv,  pi.  xHi,  fig.  4. 
D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  162.     [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  subgeniculata  (Stur)  Rothpletz. 

Botanisches  Centralblatt,  Cassel,  vol.  1-2,  1880,  III,  Gratis- 
Beilage,  No.  i,  p.  14,  pi.  iii,  fig.  17.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol. 
Soc.   Am.,   vol.   6,   1895,   p.   313.      [Princeton   conglomerate 
(Mississippian).]. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  geniculata  Germar  &  Kaulfuss. 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop-Car.,  vol  15,  pt.  2,  1831,  p. 
224,  pi.  Ixv,  fig.  2.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  163.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  fonnation.] 
Sphenopteris  sp.  cf.  Hildreti  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  283.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900, 
p.  163.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  trichomanoides  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1829,  p.  182,  pi.  xlviii,  fig 
3.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  399 

Sphenopteris  Linkii  (Goeppert)  Presl. 

In  Sternberg,  Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  2  (Versuch),  pts.  7 
&  8,  1838,  p.  132.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  tracyana  Lesquereux? 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol. 
3,  1884,  p.  766,  pi.  ci,  fig.  2.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.   II,  1900,  p.   161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanaw^ha  forma- 
tion.] 
Sphenopteris  tenella  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1829,  p.  186,  pi.  xlix,  fig.  i. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.    [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris   (Zeilleria)   delicatula  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xvi,  pi.  xxvi,  fig.  5. 
D.    White:   Bull.    Geol.    Soc.   Am.,   vol.    11,    1900,   p.    163. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  flexicaulis  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  284.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895, 
p.  317.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  Larischii  (Stur)  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  288,  pi.  Iv.  figs.  7,  7a.     D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  P-  Z'^7-     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  forma- 
tion.] 
Sphenopteris  hymenophylloides  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  60  (51).    D. 
White:  Bull  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  pinnatifida  (Lesquereux)  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  8,   1896   [1897],  p.  291.     D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.   171.      [Alle- 
gheny formation.] 
Sphenopteris  dicksonioides  (Goeppert)  Schuetze,  form. 

Abh.   Geol.  Specialk.  Preuss.,  vol.  4,  No.  4,   1882,  p.  22. 
D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.    [Potts- 
ville group ;  Ouinnimont  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  karwinensis  Stur. 

Verh.  K.-K.  Geol.  Reichsanst.,   1874,  p.  299.     D.  White: 
Bull.   Geol.   Soc.   Am.,   vol.    11,    1900,   p.    169.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  dubuissonis  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  60  (51). 
D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  161.  [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 


4CMD  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

Sphenopteris  minuti-secta  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  43,  pi. 
V,  figs.   1-4.     [Conemaugh  formation;  and  Dunkard  forma- 
tion (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  (Rcnanltia)  microcarpa  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  280,  pi.  xlvii,  figs.  2-2b.     D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.      fPottsville  group;  Quinnimont, 
Sewell,  and  Kanawha  formations.] 
Sppienopteris  sciiatzlarensis  Stur. 

Abh.  K.-K.  Geol.  Reichsanst..  vol.  8,  No.  2   (Culm.   FL, 
pt.  2),  1877,  p.  321  (427).    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.   II,    1900,  pp.    161,    163.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Sphenopteris  chaerophylloides   (Brongniart)   Presl. 

In  Sternberg,  Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  2  (Versuch),  pts.  7  & 
8,  1838,  p.  131.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  170.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  breviloba  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  86,  pi. 
xxxi,  fig.  3.      [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  Formosa  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  86,  pi. 
xxxi,  figs.    1-2.      [Dunkard    formation    (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  lobata  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  87,  pi. 
xxxi,  fig.  4.      [Dunkard   formation   (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  obtusiloba  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP.  1880,  p.  85,  pi. 
xxxi,  figs.  5-6.      [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  Broadheadi  D.  White. 

Mon.  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey,  vol.  37,  1899,  p.  41,  pi.  xiii,  figs. 
I,  2.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  Lescuriana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.   Survey  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  pP,  1880,  p.  44, 
pi.  vi,  fig.  i;  pi.  vii,  figs.   i.  2.      [Dunkard  formation  (Per- 
mian).] 
Sphenopteris  dentata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  42,  pi.  v, 
figs.  7-8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  auriculata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  42,  pi. 
vii,  figs.  3-4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  foliosa  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  44,  pi.  v, 
figs.  9-11.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4OI 

Sphenopteris  pachynervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  46,  pi. 
vii,  figs.  5-6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  hastata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  46,  pi. 
vii,  fig.  7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  acrocarpa  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  40,  pi. 
iii,  figs.    1-3;  pi.  iv,  figs.    1-5.      [Dunkard  formation    (Per- 
mian).] 
Sphenopteris  sp.  ?  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  42,  pi. 
xi,  figs.  5-7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  canneltonensis  D.  White. 

Mon.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  vol.  37,  1899,  p.  55,  pi.  xv,  fig.  2. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.    [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  mixta  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  382.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.    II,    1900,   p.    169.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.]      [Also  in  Allegheny  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  cf.  stipulata  Gutbier. 

In  Reichenbach,    Gaa  von   Sachs.    (Verst.   Obersachsen), 
1843,  P-  74-    D.  White:  Bull  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900, 
p.  171.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Sphenopteris  communis  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  762,  pi.  civ,  figs.  I,  la.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  317.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  forma- 
tion.] 
Sphenopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.     [Princeton  con- 
glomerate (Mississippian).] 
Sphenopteris  n.  sp.    D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6.  1895,  p.  314.     Near.  Poca- 
hontas coal.     [Pottsville  group;  Clark  formation.] 
Oligocarpia  alap.amensis  Lesquereux? 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  266.  pi.  xlvii,  figs.  i-ib.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.    II,    1900,  p.    163.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Oligocarpia  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.  163.     [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 


402  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sphenopteris  (Crossotlicca)  sagittatus  (Lesquereux)  D.White. 
Bull.  Geol.   See.  Am.,  vol.   ii,   1900,  p.   171.      [Allegheny 
formation.] 

Sphenopteris  (Crossotlicca)  ophioglossoides  (Lesquereux)  D. 
White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  8,  1896  [1897],  p.  300.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.  [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.]  [Also  in  Allegheny 
formation.] 

Sphenopteris  (Crossothcca)   n.  sp.  cf.  Crepini  Zeiller. 

Bull.  Soc.  Geol.  de  France,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  12,  1884,  p.  194. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.  [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Pecopteris  Pluckeneti  Sternherg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xix.     Fontaine  & 
I.  C.  White :    Seconcl  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  p. 
67,  pi.  xxi,  figs.  4-5.     [Conemaugh  formation;  and  Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Pluckeneti  var.  constricta  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  68,  pi. 
xxi,  fig.  8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Germari  (Weiss)  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  68,  pi. 
xix,  figs.  1-7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Germari  var.  crassinervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  70,  pi. 
XX,  fig.  5.     [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Germari  var.  cuspidata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  70,  pi. 
XX,  fig.  4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  plumosa  (Artis)  Sternberg? 

Flora,  Regensburg,  vol.  i,  1827,  p.  137.  D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.  [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation,  and  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  the 
Sewell  formation.] 
Pecopteris  (?)  serrulata  (Dawson)  Hartt,  Dawson.  Acad. 
Geol.,  London.  2d  Ed.,  1868.  p.  553,  text-fig.  192K.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6^  1895,  p.  317.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Sewell  formation.] 
Pecopteris  dentata  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  67  (58).  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  171.  [Alle- 
gheny formation.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4O3 

Pecopteris  dentata  var.  parva  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Survey  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,   1880,  p.  67, 
pi.  xxii,  fig.  2.     Millspaugh :  Bull.   No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric. 
Exp.  Sta.,  Morgantown,  1892,  p.  524.     [Dunl-card  formation 
(Permian).] 
Pecopteris  dentata  var.  crenata  Fontaine  &  T.  C.  White. 

Fontaine  &  I.  C.  AVhite :    Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept. 
Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  66,  pi.  xxii,  figs.  1-5.     [Dunkard  form- 
ation (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  aspera  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  67  (58).    D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.     [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Pecopteris  pachypteroides  Fontaine  &  L  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  76,  pi. 
xxvi,  figs.  1-4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  unita  Brongniart   (not  P.  unita  (F.  &  I.  C.  W.) 
D.  W.) 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodr6me),  1828,  p.  67  (58).    D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.   170.     [AUe- 
g'heny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 
Pecopteris  emarginata  (Goeppert)  Presl. 

In  Sternberg,  Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  2  (Versuch),  pts.  7  & 
8,  1838,  p.  158.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  170,  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White:  Second  Geol.  Surv. 
Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  82.  [Allegheny  formation.] 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  oblonga  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White") 
Miller. 

Am.  Pal.  Foss.,  Supplement,  1883,  p.  255.  [Dunkard  form- 
ation (Permian).] 
Pecopteris    (Goniopteris)    Newberryana    (Fontaine    &    I.    C. 
White)   IMiller. 

Am.  Pal.  Foss.,  Supplement,  1883,  p.  255.     Identified  by 
Zeiller  as  P.  foeminaeformis  (Schloth.)  (Zeill.)  var.  dipla- 
zioides.     [Dunkaard  formation   (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  longifolia  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Fontaine  &  I.  C.   White :  Second  Geol.   Surv.  Pa.,  Rept. 
Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  82.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris   (Goniopteris)   elliptica  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept. 
Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  83.  pi.  XXX,  fig.  i.  [Dunkard  formation 
(Permian).] 


404  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Pecopteris  (Gonioptcris)   sp?  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  83,  pi. 
xvii,  fig.  6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris   [Gonioptcris)   arguta   (Brongn.)   Schimp. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  543.     Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White: 
Second    Geol.    Surv.    Pa.,    Rept.    Progr.    PP,    1880,   p.   82. 
[  Dunkard  formation '  ( Permian ) .  ] 
Pecopteris  goniopteroides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White, 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  80,  pi. 
XXV,  fig.  2.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  elegans  (Germar)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  542.     Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White: 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  82.     [Dunk- 
ard formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  arborescens  (Schlotheim)   Brongniart. 

Diet.   Sci.   Nat.,  vol.   57    (Prodrome),    1828,  p.  65    (56). 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr. 
PP,  1880,  p.  62.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  arborescens  var.   integripinna  Fontaine  &  I.   C. 
White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  63,  pi. 
xxvii,  fig.  6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  micropiiylla  Brongniart. 

Diet.   Sci.   Nat.,  vol.   57 "(Prodrome),    1828,   p.   67    (58). 
Lacoe  in  Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta., 
Morgantown,  1892,  p.  524.    [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  nodosa   (Goeppert)   Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  500,  pi.  xli,  fig.  14.    Lesquereux: 
Second  Geol.  Survey  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  872.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 
Pecopteris  vestita  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  i, 
1880,  p.  252,  pi.  xliii,  figs.  1-7.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  170.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Pecopteris  villosa  Brongniart  ? 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1834,  p.  315,  pi.  civ,  fig.  3. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.     [Alle- 
gheny and  Conemaugh  formations.] 
Pecopteris  pennaeformis  var.  latifolia  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 
Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  65,  pi. 
xvii,  figs.  4,  5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Candolleana  Brongn. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  65  (56). 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  vSecond  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept. 
Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  63,  pi.  XX,  figs,  i,  2,  3.  [Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  405 

Pecopteris  oreopteridia  (Schlotheim)   Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xix.  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  170.  Fontaine  &  I.  C. 
White :  Second  Geol.  Snrv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p. 
64.  [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).]  [Allegheny  and 
Conemaugh  formations.] 
Pecopteris  rarinervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  71,  pi. 
XX,  figs.  6,  7,  8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  imbricata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  72,  pi. 
xxiii,  fig.  I.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  imbricata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  72,  pi. 
xxiii,  fig.   I.      [Dunkard  formation    (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  platynervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  73,  pi. 
xviii,  figs.  1-6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  asplenioides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  72,  pi. 
XXV,  fig.  I.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  rotundiloba  Fontaine  &  I.  C.-  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  74,  pi. 
xvii,  fig.  2.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  angustipinna  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  76,  pi. 
xxvii,  figs.  1-3.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  tenuinervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  ']'],  pi. 
xxviii,  figs.  1-4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  sub-falcata  Fontaine  &  L  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  70,  pi. 
xxi,  figs.  1-2.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Heeriana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  'jy,  pi. 
XXV,  figs.  3-7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Schimperiana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  75,  pi. 
xxiv,  figs  1-5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian)  ] 
Pecopteris  lanceolata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  79,  pi. 
xxix,  figs.  7,  8,  9.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  inclinata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  80,  pi. 
xxix,  fig.  4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


406  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

Pecopteris  notata  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.   Nat.   Hist.,   vol.  6    (New   Spec.   Foss.   Pits 
Anthr.),  1854,  p.  424.    Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White:  Second  Geol 
Surv.    Pa.,  Rept.   Progr.    PP,    1880,   p.   68.      [Monongahela 
formation.] 
Pecopteris  Mekianiopteroides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  78,  pi. 
xxix,  figs.  1-2.      [Dunkard  formation    (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  rotundifolia  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  73,  pi. 
xxiv,  fig.  6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  sp.  ?  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  80,  pi. 
xxvii,  figs.  4,  5,  7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  sp.  cf.  Integra  (Andrae)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  530.    D.  White:  BuH.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,   vol.    II,    1900,   p.    161.      [Pottsville  group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Pecopteris  n.  sp.  cf.  crenulata  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  66  (57).   D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Pecopteris  ovoides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  79,  pi- 
xxix,  fig.  3.     [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  latifolia  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  79,  pi. 
xxix,  figs.  5-6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  cf.  jenneyi  D.  White. 

Mon.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  vol.  37   (Fl.  Low.   Coal.  Meas. 
Mo.),  1899.  p.  80,  pi.  xxxvi,  figs.  I,  2.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol. 
Soc.  Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  170.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 
Pecopteris  pteroides  Brongniart. 

Diet.    Sci.   Nat.,   vol.   57    (Prodrome),   1828,  p.  65    (57). 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr. 
PP,  1880,  p.  67.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  Miltoni  (Artis)  Sternberg. 

Flora,  Regensburg,  vol.  i,  1827,  p.  137.  Fontaine  &  I.  C. 
White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p. 
65,  pi.  xxiii,  figs.  2,  3.  D.  W'hite  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  170.  [Allegheny  &  Conemaugh  formations.] 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  polymorph  a   Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  65  (56).  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  172.  [Cone- 
maugh formation.]      [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4O7 

Pecopteris  elliptica  Bunbury, 

Quart.  Joiir.  Geol.  Sec.  London,  vol.  2,  1845,  P-  84,  pi.  vii. 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr. 
PP,  1880,  p.  64,  pi.  xvii,  fig.  I.  [Dunkard  formation  (Per- 
mian).] 
Pecopteris  {CaUiptcridinui)  crandifolia  (Fontaine  &.  I.  C. 
White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  58,  pi. 

XV,  figs.  1-4;  pi.  xvi,  .figs.  2-4.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 

Am.,  vol.  14,  1904,  p.  540.    [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

Pecopteris    (Callipteridium)    oulongifolia    (Fontaine   &   I.   C. 

White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  56,  pi. 
xii,  figs.  1-5    .[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  {Calliptcridiuui)  odontopteroides  (Fontaine  &  I.  C. 
White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  59,  pi. 
xvi,  fig.  I.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  14,  1904,  p. 
539.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris   {Callipteridium)   unita   (Fontaine  &  L  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  60,  pi. 
xiv,  figs.  2,  3.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  {CaUiptcridinui)  Dawsonianiana  (Fontaine  &  I.  C. 
White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  56,  pi. 
xiii,  figs.  1-2;  pi.  xiv,  fig.  i.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.  14,  1904,  p.  539-     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Pecopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  172.     [Conemaugh 
formation). 
Alethopteris  decurrens  (Artis)  Sternberg. 

Flora,  Regensburg,  vol.  i,  1827,  p.  138.     D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.    161.      [Pottsville  group, 
Kanawha    formation.]     Characteristic    of    the    middle    and 
upper  Pottsville. 
Alethopteris  aouilina  (Schlotheim)  Goeppert. 

Nov.  Acta  Acad.  Caes.  Leop.  Car.,  vol.  17,  Suppl.   (Syst. 
Fil.  Foss.),  1836,  p.  298.     Lacoe  in  IMillspaugh :  Bull.  No. 
24,  W.  Va.   Agric.   Exp.   Sta.,   Morgantown,    1892,  p.    519. 
[Conemaugh  formation.] 
Alethopteris  lonchitica  (Schlotheim)  Sternberg, 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xxi.  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.  [Pottsville  group; 
Sewell  ?  and  Kanawha  formation] . 

Characteristic  of  the  upper  Pottsville.  The  typical  form  is 
unknown  in  the  Allegheny  or  later  beds. 


408  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

Alethopteris  Serlii    (Brongniart)  Goeppert, 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop.  Car.,  vol.  17,  Suppl.  (Sys.  Fil. 
Foss.)  1836,  p.  301,  pi.  xxi,  figs.  6-7.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol. 
Soc.  Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161. 

Species  mainly  confined  to  the  Allegheny  and  upper  Potts- 
ville  formations.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha  formation]. 
[Conemaugh  formation]. 
Alethopteris    Serlii    var.    europaea    (Brongniart)    Goeppert. 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop.  Car.,  vol.  17,  1874,  Suppl. 
(Sys.  Fil.  Foss.),  1836,  p.  301.  Fontaine:  Amer.*  Jour.  Sci., 
3rd  ser.,  vol.  7,  1874,  p.  574;  ibid,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  379. 
[Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation]. 

This    species    is    near    Alethopteris   helenae,    Lesquereux 

(Geol  Surv.  Alabama,  Rept.  Prog.,  1875   [1876],  p.  yy),  a 

type  known  only  in  the  Pottsville.     It  is  probably  the  plant 

listed  by  Fontaine  as  Alethopteris  Serlii. 

Alethopteris  Serlii  var.  Americana   (Brongniart)    Goeppert 

Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Caes.  Leop.  Car.,  vol.  17,  Suppl.  (Sys.  Fil. 
Foss.),  1836,  p.  301.     Fontaine:  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser., 
vol.  7,  1874,  p.  574.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation]. 
Aletfiopteris  Massilionis  (Lesquereux)  D.  White. 

Second   Geol.    Surv.    Pa.,   Rept.    Prog.    P,    1880,   p.    173. 
Lacoe,  in  Millspaugh :   Bull.   No.   24,   W.   Va.  Agric.   Exp. 
Sta,  Morgantown,  1892,  p.  520.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation]. 
Alethopteris  cf.  grandifolia  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  107.    Fontaine:  Amer. 
Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  379.     [Pottsville  group: 
Clark  formation]. 
Alethopteris  Evansii  Lesquereux. 

Second.  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P,   (Coal  Fl.),  vol  3, 
1884,  P-  834-    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Amer.,  vol.  6,  1895, 
p.  317.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation]. 
Alethopteris  cf.  ambigua  Lesquereux. 

In   I.   C.   White:  Geol.   Surv.   Pa.,  Rept.   Prog.  Q,    1875 
[1878],  p.  54.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895, 
p.  318.     [Pottsville  group;  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell 
formation]. 
Alethopteris  pennsylvanica  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  433.     D.  White : 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  172.     [Allegheny  for- 
mation]. 
Alethopteris  virginiana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  88,  pi. 
xxxii,  figs.  1-5;  pi.  xxxiii,  figs.  1-4.  [Dunkard  formation 
(Permian).] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  409 

Alethopteris  gigas  (Gutbier)  Geinitz. 

Leitpfl.  Rothl.  u.  Zechst.  Sachsen,  1858,  p.   12,  pi.  i,  figs. 
2-3.    Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept. 
Prog-.  PP,    1880,  p.    89,    pi.    xxxiii,    figs.    5-6.       [Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 
Alethopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.        [Pottsville 
group  ;  Quinnimont  formation] . 
Alethopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,   p.  315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Clark  formation.] 
Callipteridium  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.   Am.,  vol.   6,   1895,  p.  317.      [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Callipteridium  inaeouale  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P,  1880,  p.   168,  pi. 
xxxiii,  figs.  2-5.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  172.     [Allegheny  formation]. 
Callipteris  coneerta  (Sternberg)   Brongniart. 

Diet.  Univ.  Hist.  Nat.,  vol.  13  (Tableau),  1849,  p.  66  (17). 
Fontaine  &  L  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog. 
PP,  1880,  p.  54,  pi.  xi,  figs.  1-4.  [Dunkard  formation 
(Permian).] 
Callipteris  lyratifolia  var.  coriacea  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

This  is  the  Sphcnoptcris  coriacea  of  Fontaine  and  L  C. 
White:  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  41, 
pi.  V,  figs.  5-6.     D.  White :  Bull.   Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   14, 
1904,  p.  539.      [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Callipteris  curretiensis  Zeiller, 

In  Mouret :  Bass.  Houill.  Perm.  Brive   (Stratigr.,  pt.  i), 

1891,  p.  83.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  14,  1903, 
p.  539;  W.  Va.,  Geol.  Surv.,  vol.  2,  1903,  p.  120.  [Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 

Cardiopteris  frondosa  (Goeppert)   Schimper? 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  453,  pi.  XXV.  Lacoe  in  Mills- 
paugh  :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgantown, 

1892,  p.  521.  The  identification  of  this  species  is  very  doubt- 
ful.    [Pocono  sandstone]. 

Megalopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  383.     [Pottsville 
group ;  Kanawha  formation] . 
Megalopteris  cf.  Dawsoni   (Hartt)  Andrews. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,  1875,  p.  415. 
D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Potts- 
ville group  ;  Quinnimont  formation] . 


4IO  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Megalopteris  sewellensis  Fontaine. 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  383.     [Pottsville 
group ;  Sewell  formation] . 
Megalopteris  sewellensis  Fontaine. 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  383.     D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895.  p.  315.     [Pottsville  group; 
Quinnimont  formation]. 
Megalopteris  Hartii  Andrews, 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,  1875,  p. 
416,  pi.  xlvi,  figs.  I,  la.  Fontaine:  Amer.Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser., 
vol.  II,  1876,  p.  382.  Probably  the  species  earlier  listed  by 
Fontaine  as  M.  Dazvsoni  (Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  vol  7,  1874,  p. 
574.  [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Taeniopteris  Lescuriana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  91,  pi. 
xxxiv,  fig.  9.      [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Taeniopteris  Newberriana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,   1880,  p.  91,  pi. 
xxxiv,  figs.  1-8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Taeniopteris   Newberriana  var.   angusta    Fontaine   &   I.   G. 
AVhite. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  pi.  xxxiv, 
fig.  8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Neuropteris  Pocahontas  D.  White. 

Tv/entieth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  i898-'99,  pt.  2, 
1900,  p.  888,  pi.  clxxxix  figs.  4,  4a;  pi.  cxci,  figs.  5,  5a. 
[Pottsville  group;  Clark  and  Thurmond  formations]. 

Type  characteristic  of  the  Pocahontas  or  lowest  Pottsville. 
It  gave  rise  to  numerous  variations,  several  of  which  are 
distinct  species.  In  the  upper  part  (Quinnimont  formation) 
of  the  lower  Pottsville  it  is  replaced  by  a  group  of  forms, 
generally  listed  as  A^  SmitJiii  Lesq.  (see  below),  while  in  the 
middle  Pottsville  it  is  followed  by  forms  probably  indis- 
tinguishable from  A^  Schlchani  Stur. 
Neuropteris  Smith ii  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Alabama,  Rept.  Prog.  1875  [1876],  p.  76.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  314.  [Potts- 
ville group;  Clark  and  Quinnimont  formations]. 

This  species,  everywhere  present  in  the  lower  Pottsville, 
and  represented  by  derivatives  in  the  middle  Pottsville,  be- 
longs to  the  group  referred  by  European  paleobotanists  to 
Nettroptcris  Schlehani. 
Neuropteris  Schlepiani  Stur.  var.  D.  White. 

Abh.  K.  K.  Geol.  Reichsanst.,  vol.  8,  No.  2  (Culm.  Fl.,  pt. 
2),  1877,  p.  183  (289),  pi.  xi,  figs.  7,  8a-c.  [Pottsville  group; 
Sewell  formation]. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4II 

Neuropteris  biformis  Lesquereux  (form)  D.  White 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.  Am.,   vol.   6,    1895,   p.   317.      [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  formation]. 
Neuropteris  Elrodi  Lesquereux  (form)  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.    Soc.   Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,   p.   317.      [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  fomiation]. 
Neuropteris  tenuifolia  (Schlotheim)  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xvii.  [Pottsville 
group;  Clark  formation]. 

Species   characteristic   of   the   upper   Pottsville,   especially 
the  Mercer  group.     The  plant  referred  by  Fontaine  (Amer. 
Jour.  Sci.,  New  Haven,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  380),  to  this  species 
is  undoubtedly  referable  to  the  N.  Smithii  type. 
Neuropteris  flexuosa  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xvi,  pi.  xxxii,  fig. 
2,  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Abundant  in  the  Kanawha  formation  and  the  Mercer  coal 
group.  The  species  from  the  Dunkard  formation  listed  (Sec- 
ond Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  p.  49),  under  this  name 
is  quite  distinct. 
Neuropteris  Plancitardi  var.  longifolia  (Fontaine  &  1.  C. 
White)  D.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  49,  pi. 
viii,  fig.  I.  D.  White:  Bull.  (^eol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  14,  1903 
[1904],  p.  540.     [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 

This  variety  is  specifically  distinct  from  A^.  flexuosa. 
Neuropteris  Lindleyana  Sternb.,  var.  Fontaine. 

Am.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  sen,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  381.     [Pottsville 
group;  Ouinnimont  formation]. 

The  species  listed  under  this  name  is  probably  the  N.  Poca- 
hontas D.  White. 
Neuropteris  rarinervis  Bunbury. 

Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  London,  vol.  3,  1847,  p.  425,  pl 
xxii.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation].  [Also  in  Alle- 
gheny formation]. 

Plant  unknown  below  the  "Mercer  Coal  group"  and  upper 
Kanawha. 
Neuropteris  sp.  cf.  gigantea  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xvii,  pi.  xxii.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  163.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Type  is  strictly  Pottsville. 
Neuropteris  ovata  Hofifman. 

Teutschl.  geogn.  geol.  dargest.,  Weimar,  vol.  4,  1826,  p. 
159,  pi.  lb,  figs.' 5-8.'     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol 


412  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

II,  1900,  p.  169.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
[Also  in  the  Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

In   West   Virginia  this   species   is   not   known   below   the 
highest  horizons  of  the  Kanawha. 
Neuropteris  gibbosa  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,   1854,  p.  418.     Lacoe,  in 
Millspaugh  :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.,  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgan- 
town,  1892,  p.  522.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Neuropteris  plicata  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.   Vorwelt    (Tentamen),    1825,  p.   xvi.     Lacoe,   in 
Millspaugh  :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.  Morgan- 
town,  1892,  p.  523.     Probably  identified  with  the  preceeding 
species.     [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Neuropteris  vermicularis  Lesquereux. 

Second  Rept.  Geol.  Reconn.  Arkansas,  i860,  p.  315.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  171.  [Alle- 
gheny formation]. 

So  far  as  known  this  species  is  confined  to  the  lower  part 
of  the  Allegheny. 
Neuropteris  cf.  Carrii  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P,  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  3, 
1S84,  p.  731,  pi.  xciv,  figs.  4-7.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,' vol.  II,  1900,  p.  169.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation] . 

This  plant  belongs  to  a  group  unknown  below  the  highest 
horizon  of  the  Pottsville. 
Neuropteris  Cistii  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  62  (53).    D. 
White:  BuU.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.     [Potts- 
ville group  ;  Kanawha  formation] . 
Neuropteris  Grangeri  Brongniart. 

Diet.   Sci.   Nat.,  vol.   57   (Prodrome),   1828,  p.   62,   (53), 
Lacoe,  in  Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta. 
Morgantown,  1892,  p.  522.     [Conemaugh  formation]. 
Neuropteris  callosa  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P    (Coal  FL),  vol.  i. 
1880,  p.  115,  pi.  xvi,  figs.  1-8.     [Conemaugh  formation]. 
Neuropteris  dictyopteroides  Fontaine  &  L  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  i88c,  p.  49,  pi. 
viii,  figs.  3-5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Neuropteris  fimbriata  Lesquereux. 

Third  Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Kentucky,  Frankfort,  1857,  p.  536. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  171.  [Alle- 
gheny and  Conemaugh  formations.]  [Dunkard  formation 
(Permian).] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4I3 

Neuropteris  cf.  Zeilleri  Potonie. 

Jahrb.  K.  Preuss.  Geol.  Landesanst.,  Berlin,  vol.  12,  1891 
[1893],  p.  22,  text-fig.  5.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.. 
vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion]. 

Neuropteris  Scheuchzeri  Hofifman. 

Teutschl.  geogn.  geol.  dargest.,  XA'eimar,  vol.  4,  1826,  p. 
157,  pi.  lb,  figs.  1-4.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Sc'C.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  igoo,  p.  169. 

This  fossil,  long  known  as  A^  Jiirsuta  Lesq.,  is  very  abun- 
dant in  the  Allegheny  and  higher  beds,  but  not  known  below 
the  Mercer  group  and  topmost  Kanawha.  [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation.]  [Also  in  Conemaugh  and  Allegheny 
formations.] 

Neuropteris  odontopteroides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa..  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  50,  pi. 
ix,  figs.  1-6.      [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 

Neuropteris  cordata  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1830,  p.  229,  pi.  Ixiv,  fig.  5. 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog. 
PP,  1880,  p.  51.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

Neuropteris  auriculata  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1830,  p.  236,  pi.  Ixvi.  Fon- 
taine &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr. 
PP,  1880,  p.  50.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

Neuropteris  crenulata  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1830,  p.  234,  pi.  Ixiv,  fig.  2. 
Lesquereux :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P  (CoaJ 
Fl.),  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  871.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 

Neuropteris  Agassizi  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.   Surv.   Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P   (Coal  Fl.),  vol. 
I,  1880,  p.  117,  pi.  xvii,  figs.  1-4.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  172.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Doubtful  identification. 

Neuropteris  n.  sp.  No.  i,  D.  WHiite. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.  [Allegheny 
formation] . 

Neuropteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.    Soc.    Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,   P-    3i8-      [Pottsville 
group;  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  the  Sewell  formation.] 
Neuropteris  sp.  ?  Fontaine. 

Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876.  p.  378.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Sewell  formation]. 


414  TPIE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

LiNOPTERis  OBLiQUA  (Bunbury)  Zeiller. 

Mem.  See.  Geol.  France,  vol.  8,  Mem.  21,  1899,  p.  46,  pi. 
XX  (iv),  figs.  14-17.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  172.     [Allegheny  formation]. 
A  plant  characteristic  of  middle  and  upper  Allegheny. 
Lescuropteris  adiantites  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  P,  1880,  p.  163,  pi. 
xxvi,  fig.  4.    Millspaugh:  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp. 
Sta.,    Morgantown,    1892,    p.    522.       [  ?Dunkard    formation 
(Permian).] 
Lescuropteris  Moorii  (Lesquereux)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  465.     Millspaugh:  Bull.  No.  24, 
W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgantown,  1892,  p.  522.     [Cone- 
maugh  formation]. 
Odontopteris  neuropteroides  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  106.  Fontaine:  Amer. 
Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  383.  [Pottsville  group; 
Quinnimont  formation]. 

Probably  wrongly  identified  and  may  be  A''.  Pocahontas, 
D.  White. 
Odontopteris   obtusilop.a   var.    rarinervis   Fontaine   &   L    C. 
White. 

Second    Geol.    Surv.    Pa.,   Rept.    Prog.    PP,    1880,   p.    52. 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Odontopteris  nervosa  Fontaine  &  L  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Prog.  PP,  1880,  p.  52,  pi.  x, 
figs.  1-2.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Odontopteris  Worth eni  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Illinois,  vol.  2,   1866,  Pal.,  p.  432,  pi.  xxxvi; 
figs.  I,  lb.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol,  11,  1900,  p 
172.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Odontopteris  subcuneata  Bunbury. 

Quart.  Jour.  Geo!.  Soc,  London,  vol.  3,  1847,  P-  4^7'  P^- 
xxiii,  figs.  lA,  iB.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  x\m.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  171.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Odontopteris  densifolia  Fontaine  &  L  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  54,  pi. 
X,  fig.  3.     Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Odontopteris  aeoualis  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Illinois,  vol  2,  1866,  Pal.,  p.  434,  pi.  xxxvi,  fig. 
2.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   171. 
[Allegheny  formation.] 
Odontopteris  Newberryi  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1880,  p.  127. 
Millspaugh:  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgan- 
town,  1892,  p.  523.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  415 

Odontopteris  Reichiana  Giitbier. 

Abdr.  Verst.  Zwick,  Schwarzk.,  Zwickau,  1835,  P-  ^5'  P^- 
ix,  figs.  1-3,  5,  7;  pi.  X,  fig.  13.     Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24, 
W.    Va.    Agric.    Exp.    Sta.,    Morgantown,    1892,    p.    523. 
[Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Odontopteris  gracillima  Newberry. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.  i,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,  1873,  p. 
378,  pi.  xlvi,  figs.  1-33.     Fontaine:  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd 
ser.,  vol.  II,  1876,  p.  378.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  forma- 
tion and  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  in  the  Sewell.] 
Caulopteris  gigantea  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  95,  pi. 
xxxvi,  fig.  i;  pi.  xxxviii,  fig.  5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Per- 
mian).] 
Caulopteris  elliptica  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  95,  pi. 
XXXV,  figs.  4,  5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Aphlebia  spinosa  (Goeppert)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  8,  1896  [1897],  p.  292   [Sphe- 
nopteris].     [Pottsville  group;  Clark  formation.] 
Aphlebia  (Rhacopliylhim)  laciniata  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White) 
Sellards. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  94,  pi. 
XXXV,   fig.  2.     Sellards :  Univ.  Geol.   Surv.  Kansas,  vol.  9, 
1908,  p.  454.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Aphlebia  filiciformis  (Gutbier)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  685,  pi.  xlviii,  figs.  3-6.     Lacoe, 
in  Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Mor- 
gantown, 1892,  p.  526.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 
Aphlebia  LACTUCA  (Presl)  Sterzel. 

Erlaut.    Geol.    Specialk.    Konigr.    Sachsen,    Leipzig,    Blatt 
113,  1881,  p.   104.     Fontaine:  &  I.  C.  White:  Second  Geol. 
Surv.  Pa..  Reot.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  94.     [Dunkard  forma- 
tion (Permian).] 
Aphlebia  speciosissima  (Schimper)  D.  White. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  685.     Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White: 
Second    Geol.    Surv.    Pa.,    Rept.    Progr.    PP,    1880,    p.    94. 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Aphlebia  filiciformis  z'or.  majus  (Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White)  D. 
White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  93,  pi 
xxxv,  fig.  I.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Equisetites  rugosus  Schimper. 

Pal.  Veg.,  vol.  I,  1869,  p.  287,  pi.  xvii,  figs.  1-3.  Fontaine 
&  L  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP, 
1880,  p.  33,  pi.  i,  fig.  6.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


4l6  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Equisetites  striatus  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  34,  pi. 
h  fig"-  5-     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Equisetites  elongatus  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  \Vhite. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  33,  pi. 
i,  figs.  1-4.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Equisetites  occidentalis  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Illinois,  vol.  4,  Pal.  pt.  2,  1870,  p.  425,  pi.  xx, 
fig.  5.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315. 
[Pottsville  group;  Clark  and  Quinnimont  formations.] 

Known  only  in  lower  Pottsville  of  West  Virginia,  Tennes- 
see and  Georgia.     It  may  be  the  same  as  the  fossil  described 
by  Fontaine  as  Equisetites  sp.?  (Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser., 
vol.  II,  1876,  p.  381). 
Asterocalamites  scrobiculatus  (Schlotheim)  Zeiller. 

Expl.  Carte  Geol.  France,  Paris,  vol.  4,  Atlas,  1878,  pi. 
clix,  fig.  21  ;  text  1879,  P-  16.  [Pottsville  group;  Clark  and 
Quinnimont  formations.] 

This  species  is  generally  known  in  our  American  literature 
as  Boriiia  radiata  (Brongniart)  Schimper  (Pal.  Veg.,  vol. 
I,  1869,  p.  335,  pi.  xxiv,  figs.  i-io).  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol. 
Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  Species  generally  character- 
istic of  the  upper  Mississippian.  The  identification  of  this 
plant  in  the  Pennsylvanian  is  questionable. 
Calamites  Suckowi  Brongiart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1828,  p.  124,  pi.  xiv,  fig.  6; 
pi.  XV,  figs.  1-6;  pi.  xvi.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am., 
vol.   II,  1900,  p.  164.      [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.] 
Calamites  Suckowi  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.  i,  1828,  p.  124,  pi.  xiv,  fig.  6; 
pi.  XV,  figs.  1-6;  pi.  xvi.     Fontaine:  &  I.  C.  White:  Second 
Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,   1880,  p.  35.      [Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 
Calamites  Cistii  Brongniart. 

Hist.  Veg.  Foss.,  Paris,  vol.   i,  1828,  p.  129.  pi.  xx.     D. 
White:    Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.     [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.]      [Also  in  Allegheny  form- 
ation.] 
Calamites  cannaeformis  Schlotheim. 

Petrefactenkunde,  Gotha,  1820,  p.  398,  pi.  xx,  fig.  i.    Fon- 
taine:   Amer.   Jour.    Sci.,   3rd    ser.,    vol.    11,    1876,    p.    379. 
[Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Calamites  Roemeri  Goppert? 

Zeitscher.  Deutsch.  Geol.  Ges.,  vol.  3,  185 1,  p.  190.  Fon- 
taine: Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd.  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  378. 
[Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4I7 

Calamites  ramosus  Artis. 

Antediluvian   Phytology,   London,    1825,   p.   2,  pi.   ii.     D. 

White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  161.     [Potts- 

ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Calamites  approximatus  Schlotheim. 

Petrefactenkunde,  Gotha,  1820,  p.  399.     Fontaine:  Amer. 

Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  383.     D.  White:  Bull: 

Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   164.     [Pottsville  group; 

Sewell,    including    Nuttall    sandstone    lentil,    and    Kanawha 

formations.] 

Calamites  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.    Geol.   Soc.   Am.,   vol.   6,    1895,   p.   315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Ouinnimont  formation.] 
Calamitina  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.    11,    1900,  p.   164.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha   formation.] 
Calamodendron  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  aA-ui..  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.  [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Asterophyllites  minutus  Andrews. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.,  Ohio,  vol.  2.  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,  1875,  p. 
424,  pi.  H,  figs.  4,  4a.  D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
6,  1895,  p.  315;  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  161 
and  164.  Species  in  general  characteristic  of  the  Pottsville 
group.  [Princeton      conglomerate??       (Mississippian).] 

[Pottsville    group;    Ouinnimont    and    Kanawha    formations 
and  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell  formation.] 

Asterophyllites  gracilis  Lesquereux. 

Second  Rept.  Geol.  Recom,  Arkansas,  i860,  p.  310,  pi.  ii, 
fig.  4.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  317. 
[Pottsville  grovip ;  Sewell  formation.] 
Asterophyllites  eouisetiforimis  (Schlotheim)  Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  156  (159). 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Plant  ranges  from  Mercer  group  upwards  into  the  Per- 
mian. 
Asterophyllites  lycopodioides  Zeiller. 

Fl.  foss.  Bass.  Houill.  Valenciennes,  Paris,  Atlas,  1886,  pi. 
lix,  figs.  I,  2;  text  1888,  p.  380.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,   vol.    II,    1900,   p.    164.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Asterophyllites  sp.  indet.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.  [Princeton  con- 
glomerate  (Mississippian).] 


4l8  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL    FLORA 

AsTEROPHYLLiTES  ERECTiFOLius  Andrews. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,   1875,  p. 
425,  pi.  xlix,  fig.  3.    D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6, 
1895,  p.  317.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 
AsTEROPHYLLiTES  RiGiDUS  (Sternberg)   Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.   157   (159). 
D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  161.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Nematophyllum  angustum  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  35,  pi. 
ii,  figs.  1-5.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Annularia  acicularis  (Dawson)  Renault. 

Cours.  de  Bot.  Foss.,  vol.  2,  1882,  p.  171.    D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.    161.      [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Annularia  ramosa    (Brongniart)    Weiss. 

Neues  Jahrb.    f.   Min.,  vol.   2.   1881,  p.  273.     D.   White: 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315;  Bui!.  Geol.  Soc. 

Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161.     [Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont?, 

and  Kanawha  formations.]     [Also  in  Conemaugh  formation.] 

Annularia  cuspidata  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1884,  p.  725,  pi. 
xcii,  figs.  7,  7a.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.   162.      [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation,  and 
Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell  formation.] 
Annularia  radiata  (Brongniart)   Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xxxi-  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.  Fontaine  &  I.  C. 
White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa  ,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  39. 
[Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.]  [Dunkard  formation 
(Permian)  ?] 
Annularia  stellata  (Schlotheim)  Wood. 

Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Philadelphia,  vol.  12,  i860,  p.  236. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.    [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.]     [Also  in  Conemaugh  and 
Allegheny  formations;  and  Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Annut^aria  sphenophylloides  (Zenker)   Gutbier. 

Isis  von  Oken,  Leipzig,  vol.  30,  1837,  p.  436.  Fontaine  & 
I.  C.  White  :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880, 
p.  39.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.]  [Also  in 
Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations,  and  in  Dunkard 
formation  ( Permian ) . ] 

Has  same  wide  range  as  the  preceding  species. 
Annltlaria  sphenophylloides  z'ar.  intermedia  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa..  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1884.  p.  724. 
[Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  4I9 

Annularia  carinata  Gutbier. 

Isis  von  Oken,  Leipzig,  vol.  30,  1837,  p.  436.     Fontaine  & 
I.  C.  White  :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Kept.  Progr.  PP,  1880, 
p.  38.      [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Annularia  minuta  Brongiart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57   (Prodrome),  1828,  p.   153   (155). 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Kept.  Progr. 
PP,  1880,  p.  39.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Annularia  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc,  Am.,  vol.  6,   1895,  p.  315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Calamostachys  lanceolata  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  (Coal  Fl.),  vol. 
3,  1884,  p.  715,  pi.  xci,  figs.  I.  2;  pi.  xciii.     D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.    Soc.   Am.,   vol.   6,    1895,  p.   315.      [Pottsville   group; 
Quinnimont  formation.] 
Calamostachys  ramosus  (Artis)  Weiss. 

Abh.  Geol.  Specialk.  Preuss.,  vol.  5,  No.  2  (Steink.-Calam. 
pt.  2),  1884,  p.  193  (107),  pi.  XX,  figs.  I,  2.    D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.    161.      [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Macrostachya  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  317.  [Pottsville 
group ;  Sewell  formation.] 

Expl.  Carte  Geol.  France,  vol.  4,  Atlas,  1878,  pi.  clxi,  figs. 

I,  2;  text  1879,  p.  30.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 

II,  1900,  p.  161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation  and 
Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell  formation.] 

Plant   characteristic   of   the   middle   and   upper    Pottsville 
formations.      Typical    form    is    unknown    in    Allegheny    or 
higher  beds. 
Sphenophyllum  antiouuai  Dawson. 

Canadian  Naturalist,  Montreal,  vol.  6,   1861,  p.   170,  text 
fig.  7.     Fontaine:  Amer.  Jour.-  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol    7,  1874,  p. 
574.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Sphenophyllum  lescurianum  D.  White. 

Mon.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  vol.  t;].  1899,  P-  182,  pi.  1,  fig.  6b; 
pi.  li,  fig.  b ;  pi.  xxiv,  fig.  3c.     D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,   vol.    II,    1900,   p.    169.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Sphenophyllum  emarginatum  (Brongniart)  Koenig. 

Icones  Foss.  Sect.,  London,  1825  (?),  pi.  xii,  fig.  149.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.  [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.]  [Also  in  Allegheny  and 
Conemaugh  formations.] 

Plant  unknown  below  "]\Iercer  coal  group." 


420  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sphenophyllum  majus  (Bronn  in  Bischoff)  Bronn. 

Letheae  Geogn.,  Stuttgart,  vol.  i,  1834,  p.  32,  pi.  viii,  fig. 
9,  a,  b.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc;  Am.,  vol.  11,   1900,  p. 
171.     [Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations.] 
Sphenophyllum  furcatum  (Lindley  &  Hutton)  Geinitz. 

Furstl.  Jablon.  Ges.  Preisschr.,  No.  5  (Fl.  Hain.-Ebers.  & 
Floeh.  Kohl.),  Leipzig,  1854,  p.  36,  pi.  i,  figs.  10-12;  pi.  ii, 
■figs.  2.  I.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p 
161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sphenophyllum  tenue  D.  White. 

Twentieth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  i8o8-'99,  pt.  2, 
1900,  p.  900,  pi.  cxci,  figs.  6,  7.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont 
formation.] 

Species  characteristic  of  lower  Pottsville  and  basal  middle 
Pottsville  in  the  central  and  northern  Appalachian  regions. 
Sphenophyllum  angustifolium    (Germar)    Goppert. 

In  Bronn,  Naturgeschte  d.  drei  Reiche,  vol.  3  (Nomencl. 
Palaeont.),  1848,  p.  1166.    Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va. 
Agric.    Exp.    Sta.,    Alorgantown,    1892,   p.    526.      [Dunkard 
formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenophyllum  oblongifolium  (Germar  &  Kaulfuss)  Unger. 
Gen.   et  Spec.   PI.   Foss.,   1850,  p.   70.     Fontaine  &   I.   C. 
White:  Second  Geol.   Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p. 
38.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenophyllum  longifolium  (Germar)  Geinitz  &  Gutbier. 

In  Reichenbach,  Gaa  von  Sachs.      (Verst.  Obersachsen), 
1843,  p.  ^2.     Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv. 
Pa.,   Rept.    Progr.   PP,    1880,   p.   38.      [Dunkard   formation 
(Permian).] 
Sphenophyllum  Thoni  ]\Iahr. 

Zeitschr.  Deutsch.  Geol.  Ges.,  vol.  20,  1868,  p.  433,  pi.  viii. 
D.    White:    Bull.    Geol.    Soc.    Am.,    vol.    11,    1900,    p.    172. 
[Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenophyllum  Fontaineaum  S.  A.  Miller. 

North  American  Geol.  &  Palaeont.,  Cincinnati,  1889,  p. 
141.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

This  is  is  the  plant  described  as  S pheno phyllum  lafi folium 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White,  a  preoccupied  name,  in  the  Second 
Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  36,  pi.  i,  figs.  lo-ii. 
Sphenophyllum  filiculme  Lesquereux. 

Boston  lour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  415.     Fontaine  & 
I.  C.  White:  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880, 
p.  37,  pi.  i,  fig.  8.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sphenophyllum  tenuifolium  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880.  p.  38,  pi.  i, 
fig.  9.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  421 

Sphenophyllum  densifolium  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  37,  pi. 
i,  fig.  7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Lycopodites  Meekii  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Illinois,  vol.  4,  Geol.  &  Pal.,  pt.  2,  1870,  p.  426, 
pi.  xxvi,  figs.  6,  6a.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  169.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lycopodites  pendulus  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  PL),  vol.  2, 
1880,  p.  357,  pi.  Ixii,  figs.  2,  2a.    D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  171.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 
Lycopodites  simplex  Lesquereux? 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept,  of  Progr.,  G^  Harrisburg, 
1882  [1883],  p.  40.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  164.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lycopodites  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville 
group ;  Ouinnimont  formation.] 

BoTHRODENDRON  sp.  cf.  MiNUTiFOLiUM   (Boulay)  Zeiller. 

Expl.  Carte  Geol.  France,  Paris,  vol.  4,  text  1879,  p.  117. 
D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  165.    [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
BoTHRODENDRON  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.    11,   1900,  p.   161.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidodendron  sp.  cf.  Brittsii  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  2, 
1880,  p.  368,  pi.  Ixiii,  figs.  1-2.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  164.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation.] 

Lepidodendron  rusitvillense  Andrews. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.,  Ohio,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,  Paleont.,   1875,  p 
423,  pi.  liii,  fig.  4.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  162.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidodendron  selaginoides  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  i  (Versuch),  pt.  2,  1822,  p. 
31,  pi.  xvi,  fig.  3  ;  pi.  x:vii,  fig.  i.  Fontaine :  Amer.  Jour.  Sci., 
3rd  ser.,  vol.  II,  1876,  p.  378.  [Pottsville  group;  Clark 
formation.] 

Lepidodendron  scobiniforme  Meek. 

Bull.  Phil.  Soc.  Washington,  vol.  i,  Appendix  VITI,  1874, 
p.  xiii,  pi.  i,  fig.  I.     [Pocono  sandstone.] 

This  species  is  cited  generally  as  L.  corrngatuin  Dawson. 
Fontaine:  Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  7,  1874,  p.  578. 


422  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Lepidodendron  acuminatum    (Goeppert)   Unger. 

Gen.  et.  Spec.  PI.  Foss.,   1850,  p.  261.     D.   White:  Bull. 
Geol.   See.  Am.,  vol.    11,   190Q,  p.   164.      [Pottsville  group; 
Ouinniniont(  ?)  and  Kanawha  formations.] 
Lepidodendron  Sternbergii  (form.)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,  p.   315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  and  Sewell  formations.] 
Lepidodendron  Veltheimianum  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xii,  pi.  lii,  fig.  3. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  Rochester,  vol.  11,  1900,  p. 
164.  [Pottsville  group;  Quinnimont  and  Kanawha  forma- 
tions.] 
Lepidodendron  lanceolatum  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Kept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol.  2, 
1880,  p.  369,  pi.  Ixiii,  figs.  3-53.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,   vol.    II,    1900,  p.    169.      [Pottsville   group;   Kanawha 
formation.] 
Lepidodendron  sp.  cf.  ofcHOTOMUM  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  i  (Versuch),  pt.  i,  1820,  p.  23,  pis. 
i,  ii,  iii ;  pi.  Ixviii,  fig.  i.    D.  White  :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidodendron  clypeatum  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  429.  D.  Whiter 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164.  [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Characteristic  of  the  upper  and  middle  Pottsville. 
Lepidodendron  obovatum  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt,  vol.  i   (Versuch),  pt.  i,  1820,  p.  23,  pi. 
vi,  fig.  2 ;  pi.  viii,  fig.  i  B,  a-b ;  pi.  xv,  fig.  5.    D.  White :  Bull. 
Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.    11,   1900,  p.   161.      [Pottsville  group.. 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidodendron  cf.  magnum  Wood. 

Proc.    Acad.    Nat.    Sci.,    Philadelphia,    vol.    12,    i860,    pi. 
vi,  fig.  4.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  Rochester,  vol.  11,. 
1900,  p.  164.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidodendron  modulatum  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  428.     D.  White 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.     Plant  generally 
characteristic  of  the  Allegheny  and  not  known   below   the 
"Mercer  coal  group."     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.]     [Also  in  Allegheny  formation.] 
Lepidophloios  sp.  cf.  laricinus  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xiii.  pi.  xi,  figs.  2,. 
3,  4.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  164. 
[Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 


WEST    \IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  423 

Lepidophloios  sp.  D.  White. 

Biill.^  Geol.   See.  Am.,  vol.   ii,   1900,  p.   172.     [Allegheny 
formation.] 
Ulodendron  majus  Lindley  &  Hutton. 

Foss.   Fl.   Great   Britain,   vol.    i,    1831,   p.   22,  pi.   v.      D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  165.     [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Ulodendron  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.    Soc.  Am.,  vol.   6,    1895,   p.   315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Halonia  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.  Am.,   vol.   6,   1895,  P-   3^5-      [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Lepidostrobus  variabilis  Lindley  &  Hutton. 

Foss.  Fl.  Great  Britain,  vol.  i,  183 1,  p.  31,  pis.  x,  xi.  D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315;  ibid.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  161,  169.  [Pottsville  group ;  Quinnimont'  and 
Kanawha  formations,  and  Nuttall  sandstonelentil  of  Sewell 
formation.] 
Lepidostrobus  ornatus  Brongniart. 

Diet.    Sci.   Nat.,  vol.   57    (Prodrome),    1828,   p.  93    (88). 
D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  165.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidostrobus  Salisburyi  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P.  1880,  p.  443,  pi. 
Ixix,  figs.  I,  2.    Alillspaugh  :  Bull  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp. 
Sta.,  1892,  p.  521.     [Pottsville  group:  Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidostrobus  sp.  nov.  ?  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.    165.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanav^'ha  formation.] 
Lepidophyllum  brevifolium  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  430.     D.  White: 
Bull.   Geol.    Soc.   Am.,  vol.    11,    1900,   p.    171.      [Allegheny 
formation.] 
Lepidophyllum  Jenneyi  D.  White. 

Mon.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.,  vol.  37,  1899,  p.  214,  pi.  lix,  figs. 
1-3 ;  pi.  Ixiii,  fig.  6.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  172.     [Allegheny  formation.] 
Lepidophyllum  acuminatum  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  430.     D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  it,  1900,  p.  165.    [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Lepidophyllum  oblongifolium  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  868.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900, 
p.  171.     [Allegheny  formation.] 


424  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Lepidophyllum  lanceolatum  Lindley  &  Hutton. 

Foss.  Fl.  Great  Britain,  vol.  i,  1831,  p.  28,  pi.  vii,  figs.  3,  4. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  169.  [Potts- 
ville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Lepidophyllum  campbellianum  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Kept,  of  Progr.,  G'^,  Harrisburg, 
1882  ([1883],  p.  40.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
6,  1895,  p.  315;  ibid..  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  pp. 
161,  165.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Lepidophyllum  cf.  cultriforme  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  785,  pi.  cvii,  figs.  13,  14;  pi.  cviii,  fig.  2.  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  165.  [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

Lepidophyllum  liastatum  Lesquereux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  430.  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  172.  ('[Allegheny 
formation.] 

Lepidophyllum  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.  [Pottsville 
group;  Ouinnimont  and  Sewell  formations.] 

Lepidocystis  vesicularis  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1880,  p.  457,  pi. 
Ixix,  figs.  18-20.      [Allegheny  and  Conemaugh  formations] 

SiGILLARIA   CAMPTOTAENIA    (Wood)    Wood. 

Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc. .Philadelphia,  vol.  13,  1869,  p.  342, 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  171.  [Alle- 
gheny formation.] 

This  species  is  in  general  characteristic  of  the  Allegheny 
formation,  though  rare  in  the  "Alercer  coal  group." 

SiGILLARIA  FissA  Lcsqucrcux. 

Boston  Jour.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  6,  1854,  p.  426.  D.  White: 
Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  pp.  169,  171.  [Potts- 
ville group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 

SiGILLARIA    cf.    RETICULATA    Lcsqucreux.      Non     (Steinhauer) 
Miller.] 

Second  Rept.  Geol.  Reconn.  Arkansas,  Philadelphia,  i860, 
p.  310,  pi.  iii,  fig.  2.  D.  W' hite :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6, 
1895,  p.  317.     [Pottsville  group;  Sewell  formation.] 

SiGILLARIA  Menai^di  Brouguiart. 

Diet.  Sci.  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  74  (65). 
Lesquereux:  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal 
Fl.),  vol.  3,  1884,  p.  871.     [Conemaugh  formation.] 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  425 

SiGiLLARiA  Brardii  Brongniart. 

Diet.   Sci.   Nat.,  vol.   57    (Prodrome),    1828,  p.   74    (65). 
Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White :  Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr, 
PP,  1880,  p.  97,  pi.  xxxii,  fig.  10.     [Dunkard  formation  (Per- 
mian).] 
Sigillaria  cf.  DENTATA  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  165,  text  fig.  4.     D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.     [Potts- 
ville  group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Sigillaria  cf.  reticulata  Lesquereux. 

Second  Rept.  Geol.  Reconn.  Arkansas,  Philadelphia,  i860, 
p.  310,  pi.  iii,  fig.  2.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol. 
II,  1900,  p.  165.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sigillaria  sp.  cf.  icktyolepis  (Sternberg)  Corda. 

Beitr.  Fl.  Vorwelt,  1845,  p.  29,  pi.  ix,  fig.  19.     D.  White : 
Bull.   Geol.   Soc.   Am.,   vol.    11,    1900,   p.    165.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Sigillaria  approximata  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  96,  pi. 
xxxvii,  fig.  3.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Sigillaria  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.   Am.,   vol.   6,    1895,   p.   315.      [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Triletes  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,    1895,  p.  318.      [Pottsville 
group;  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell  formation.] 
Cordaites  borassifolius  (Sternberg)  Unger, 

Gen.  et.  Spec.  PI.  Foss.,   1850,  p.  277.     D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.   Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,  1900,  p.   165.     [Pottsville  group; 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Cordaites  Rof.bii  Dawson. 

Canadian  Naturalist,  Montreal,  vol.  6,  1861,  p.  168.     Fon- 
taine:  Amer.   Jour.    Sci.,    3rd    ser.,    vol.    11,    1876,    p.    379. 
[Pottsville   group ;    Clark,    Quinnimont   and    Sewell    forma- 
tions.] 
Cordaites  crassinervis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  97,  pi. 
xxxvii,  fig.  10.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

Poacordaites  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   169.     [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Baiera  virginiana  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.   Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.   Progr.  PP,   1880,  p.   103, 
pi.  xxxvii,  figs.   II,  12.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 


426  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA   FOSfelL   FLORA 

Whittleseya  elegans  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  106.    D.  White:  Bull. 
Geol.    Soc.   Am.,  vol.   6,    1895,   p.   317.      [Pottsville   s^oup; 
Sewell  formation.] 
Saportaea  grandifolia  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Pro.^r.  PP,  1880,  p.  loi,  pi. 
xxxviii,  fig.  4.      [Dunkard  formation   (Permian).] 
Saportaea  salisburioides  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  102,  pi. 
xxxiii,  figs.  1-3.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
CoRDAicARPON  GuTBiERi  (Gcinitz)  Grand  'Eury. 

Fl.  Garb.  Dept.  Loire,  Paris,  1877,  p.  236,  pi.  xxvi,  fig.  19. 
D.    White:    Bull.    Geol.    Soc.    Am.,   vol.    11,    1900,   p.    171. 
[Conemaugh  formation.] 
CoRDAicARPON  ciRCULARis   (Lcscjucreux)   D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.   169.      [Pottsville 
group ;  Kanawha  formation.] 
CORDAICARPON  ciNCTUM  Lcsquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  Fl.),  vol.  3, 
1884,  p.  804,  pi.  cix,  figs.  5,  6.     D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,   vol.    II,    1900,   p.    169.      [Pottsville   group;    Kanawha 
formation.] 
Cardiocarpon  cornutum  Dawson. 

Quart.  Jour.  Geol.  Soc,  London,  vol.  18,  1862,  p.  324,  pi. 
xiii,  figs.  23,  24.     D.  White:     Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  162.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Cardiocarpon  bicuspidatum   (Sternberg)   Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.   i,  1853,  p.  153,  text-fig.  7.     D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895.  p.  318.     [Potts- 
ville group ;  Nuttall  sandstone  lentil  of  Sewell   formation.] 
Cardiocarpon  minor  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  153,  text-fig.  4.     D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900,  p.  165.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Sewell  and  Kanawha  formations.] 
Rhabdocarpos  tenax  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P,  1884,  p.  818,  pi. 
cxi,  figs.  25,  26.    Lacoe,  in  Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va. 
Agric.   Exp.    Sta.,    Morgantown,    1892,   p.    526.      [Pottsville 
group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Cardiocarpon  elongatum  Newberry. 

Ann.  Sci.,  Cleveland,  vol.  i,  1853,  p.  153,  text-fig.  6.     D. 
White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  317.     [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Rhabdocarpos  multistriatus  (Presl)  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P  (Coal  FL),  vol. 
2,  1880,  p.  578,  pi.  Ixxxv,  figs.  22,  23.    D.  White :  Bull.  Geol. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  427 

Soc.  Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  165.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha 
formation.] 

Probably  the  fruit  of  Ncnropteris  Hcxiiosa. 
Rhabdocarpos  sulcatus  (Lindley  &  Hutton)  Schimper. 

Pal.  Vcg.,  vol.  2,  1870,  p.  220.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc. 
Am.,  vol.  II,  1900,  p.  161.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  for- 
mation.] 
Rhabdocarpos     amygdalaeformis      (Goeppert)      Goeppert     & 
Berger,  Fruc.  Semin.      Form.  Lith.,  Breslau,     1848,  p.  21, 
pi.  i,  fig.  12.     D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11,  1900, 
p.  165.      [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 
Rhabdocarpos  oblongatus  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  98,  pi. 
xxxvii,  figs.  8,  9.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Rhabdocarpos  Bockschianus  Goeppert  &  Berger. 

Fruct.  Semin.  Form.  Lith.,  Breslau,  1848,  p.  21,  pi.  i,  figs. 
13,  14.     Lacoe,  in  Millspaugh :  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric. 
Exp.   Sta.,  Morgantown,    1892,  p.   525.      [Pottsville   group; 
Kanawha  formation.] 
Rhabdocarpos  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.     [Princeton  con- 
glomerate (Mississippian) .] 
Rhabdocarpos  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  P-  SM-    Near  Pocahon- 
tas coal.     [Pottsville  group;  Clark  formation.] 
Rhabdocarpos  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.   Geol.   Soc.   Am.,  vol.  6,   1895,  p.  315.      [Pottsville 
group ;  Ouinnimont  and  Sewell  formations.] 
Trigonocarpum  triloculare   (Hildreth)    Newberry. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.  Ohio,  vol.   i,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,   1873,  p. 
367,  pi.   xliii,  figs.   I,   13,   13a;  pi.  xliii,  fig.    13.     Fontaine. 
Amer.  Jour.  Sci.,  3rd  ser.,  vol.  11,  1876,  p.  382.     [Pottsville 
group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Trigonocarpum  oliviaeforme  Lindley  &  Hutton? 

Foss.  Fl.  Gt.  Brit.,  vol.  3,  1837,  p.  i83,pl.  ccxxii,  fig.  1-3. 
D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  317.     [Potts- 
ville group;  Sewell  formation.] 
Trigonocarpum  clavatum  (Sternberg)  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.   Soc.   Am.,  vol.   6,   1895,  P-   S^S-      [Pottsville 
group;  Ouinnimont  formation.] 
Trigonocarpum  ampullaeforme  Lesquereux. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  P.,  1884,  p.  823,  pi. 
cix,  figs.  18-20,  21  ?  Lacoe,  in  Millspaugh:  Bull.  No.  24,  W. 
Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Morgantown,  1892,  p.  527.  [Potts- 
ville group;  Kanawha  formation.] 


4^8  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Trigonocarpum  Noeggeratiiii    (Sternberg)    Brongniart. 

Diet.  Sci,  Nat.,  vol.  57  (Prodrome),  1828,  p.  137.    Lacoe, 
in  Millspaugh,  Bull.  No.  24,  W.  Va.  Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  Mor- 
gantown,  1892,  p.  527.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.] 
Carpolithes  bi-carpus  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Kept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  98,  pi. 
xxxvii,  figs.  6,  7.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Carpolithes  ellipticus  Sternberg. 

Flora  d.  Vorwelt  (Tentamen),  1825,  p.  xl,  pi.  vii,  fig.  i.   D. 
White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.   11,   1900,  p.  171.     [Alle- 
gheny formation.] 
Carpolithes  marginatus  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  98,  pi. 
xxxvii,  fig.  I.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 
Carpolithes  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Amer.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  315.     [Pottsville 
group;  Quinnimont  formation.] 
Carpolithes  sp.  D.  White. 

Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  6,  1895,  p.  313.     [Princeton  con- 
glomerate  (Mississippian).] 
Carpolithes?  fragarioides  Newberry. 

Rept.  Geol.  Surv.,  Ohio,  vol.  i,  pt.  2,  Palaeont.,  1873,  P- 

370,  pi.  xliii,  figs.  2,  2a.  D.  White :  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Amer.. 
vol.  II,  1900,  p.  165.  [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  forma- 
tion.] 

Guilielmites  orbicularis  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 

Second  Geol.  Surv.  Pa.,  Rept.  Progr.  PP,  1880,  p.  99,  pi. 
xxxii,  fig.  2.     [Dunkard  formation  (Permian).] 

The  fossil  described  under  the  above  name  is  possibly  a 
Dolerophyllum. 
Palaeoxyris  appendiculata  Lesquereux. 

Geol.  Surv.  Illinois,  vol.  4,  Geol.  &  Pal,  pt.  2,  1870,  p.  546, 
pi.  xxvii,  fig.  II.  D.  White:  Bull.  Geol.  Soc.  Am.,  vol.  11, 
1900,  p.  169.     [Pottsville  group;  Kanawha  formation.] 

The  species  of  this  genus,  though  described  as  plants,  are 
thought  by  many  to  be  egg-capsules  of  a  fossil  shark  or  allied 
type  of  animal  life.     There  is,  at  all  events,  little  doubt  that 
they  are  the  envelopes  of  some  type  of  fructification. 
Equisetum  arvense  L.  , 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p. 

371.  Pleistocene  (Interglacial).     [Carmichaels  clays.] 
Cyperus  sp.  Knowlton. 

Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p.  371.  Pleis- 
tocene (Interglacial)  :   [Carmichaels  clay.] 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  429 

POTAMOGETON    ROBBINSII   Oakcs. 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p. 
371.     Pleistocene   (Interglacial)  :   [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Fagus  ferruginea  Ait. 

Knowlton:  Amer.  Geologist,  ]\iinneapolis,  vol.  2,  p.  371. 
Pleistocene  (Interglacial)  :   [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Castanea  pumila  Mill. 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  18,  i8g6,  p. 
371.    Pleistocene  (Interglacial)  :  [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Quercus  falcata  Mich. 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,   1896,  p. 
371.      Pleistocene    (Interglacial)  :    [Carmichaels   clay.] 
Betula  nigra  L. 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,   1896,  p. 
371.     Pleistocene   (Interglacial)  :   [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Platanus  occidentalis  L. 

Knowlton,  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p. 
371.     Pleistocene  (Interglacial)  :  [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Ulmus  racemosa  Thomas. 

Knowlton :  Amer.  Geologist,  Minneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p. 
371.     Pleistocene   (Interglacial)  :   [Carmichaels  clay.] 
Liquidambar  styraciflua. 

Knowlton:  Amer.  Geologist,  ^linneapolis,  vol.  2,  1896,  p. 
371.     Pleistocene   (Interglacial)  :    [Carmichaels  clay.] 


PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE  POCONO  (MISSISSIP- 

PIAN)  AT  LEWIS  TUNNEL,  VA.,  SIX  MILES 

EAST  OF  WHITE  SULPHUR,  W.  VA. 

Archaeopteris  alleghaniensis  (Meek)  Fontaine  &  I.  C.  White. 
Archaeopteris  Bockschianus  Lesquereux. 
Triphyllopteris  Lescuriana  (Meek)  Fontaine.* 
Triphyllopteris  virginiana  (Meek)  Meek. 
Lepidodendron  scobiniforme  Meek, 
Lepidocystis  silioua  (Dawson)  D.  White. 


*The  plants  Hsted  by  Prof.  Fontaine  (Amer.  Jonr.  Sci.  (3). 
vols.  7  and  11,  1874  and  1876)  as  Cyclopteris  Jacksoni,  Palaeop- 
teris  Jacksoni,  and  P.  cf.  obtusa,  probably  are  forms  closely  re- 
lated to,  if  not  indentical  with,  Triphyllopteris  virginiana  and  T. 
Lescuriana. 


430  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

PLANTS   REPORTED    FROM    THE    PRINCETON    CON- 
GLOMERATE  (MISSISSIPPIAN)   ON  PINEY 
CREEK  ROAD,  RALEIGH  COUNTY. 

Aneimites  sp. 

Eremopteris  cf.  DECOMPOSITA  (Kiclston)  D.  White. 

Sphenopteris  distans  Sternberg. 

Sphenopteris  subgeniculata  (Stur)  Rothpletz. 

Sphenopteris  sp. 

Cardiopteris  frondosa  (Goepp.)  Schimp. 

Asterophyllites  minutus  Andrews? 

Asterophyllites  sp. 

Rhabdocarpos  n.  sp. 

Carpolitiies  sp. 


PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE  CLARK  FORMATION 
(PENNSYLVANIAN:   POTTSVILLE  GROUP). 

Aneimites  adiantoides  (Lindley  &  Hiitton)  Bailey. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Aneimites  (Wardia)  fertilis  D.  White. 

Keeney  Creek  Branch  railway  near  Nuttall. 
Eremopteris  macilenta  (Lindley  &  Hutton)  D.  White. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Sphenopteris  Hoeninghausi  Brongniart. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Sphenopteris  rarinervis  Fontaine. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Sphenopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Near  Pocahontas  coal,  month  of  Arbuckle  Creek. 
Alethopteris  cf.GRANDiFOLiA  Ncwbcrry. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Alethopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Near  Pocahontas  coal,  month  of  Arbuckle  Creek. 
Neuropteris  Pocahontas  D.  White. 

Present  nearly  everywhere. 
Neuropteris  Smithii  Lesquerenx. 

Clark  Gap. 
Neuropteris  TENUiFOLiA  (Sclotheim)  Sternberg*? 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 


*Undonbtedly  wrongly'  identified.     Probably  a  derivative  of 
N.  Pocahontas  comparable  to  A^.  biformis  Lesquerenx. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  43I 

Aphlebia  spinosa  (Goeppert)  D.  White. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Equisetites  occidentalis  Lesquereux. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Asterocalamites  scrobiculatus  (Schlotheim)  Zeiller. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Lepidodendron  selaginoides  Sternberg. 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
CoRDAiTES  RoBBii  Dawson  ? 

Lower  Piney  Creek  plant  bed. 
Rhabdocarpos  sp. 

Near  Pocahontas  coal  at  mouth  of  Arbuckle  Creek  and 
near  Rush  Run. 


PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE  QUINNIMONT  FOR- 
MATION (PENNSYLVANIAN:  POTTS- 
VILLE  GROUP). 

Aneimites  tenuifolius  (Brongniart)  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Princes,  Rush  Run,  Dimmock,   Fay- 
ette, etc. 
Eremopteris  cf.  elegans  (Ett.)  Lx. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run,  Fayette,  Harveys. 
Eremopteris  microphylla  Lx.  ? 

Quinnimont  coal  near  Nuttall. 
Mariopteris  pottsvillea  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Beechwood,  Red  Ash,  Princes,  Rush 
Run.  Dimmock,  etc. 
Mariopteris  latifolia  (Brongn.)  Zeill.  ? 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock,  Rush  Run,  Harveys. 
Mariopteris  dimorpha  (Lesquereux)  D.  White. 

Quinnimont    coal    at    Princes,    near    Fayette    station    and 
Nuttall. 
Sphenopteris  divaricata  Geinitz  &  Gutbier. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Princes  and  Fire  Creek. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  Goepperti  (Ett.)   Schimp. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Fire  Creek  and  Nuttall. 
Sphenopteris  Hoeninghausi  Brogn. 

Quinnimont    coal    at    Quinnimont,    Princes,    Rush    Run, 
Beechwood  and  Harveys. 
Sphenopteris  patentissima  (Ett.)  Schimp. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Princes,  Red  xA-sh,  and  Fayette. 
Sphenopteris  dicksonoides  (Goeppert)  W^eiss. 

Ouinnimont  coal  at  Fire  Creek. 


432  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA   FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sphenopteris  (Renaultia)  microcarpa  Lesq. 

Oiiinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont,  Fayette,  Beurys(?)   and 
Rush  Run. 
Megalopteris  cf.  Dawsoni  Andrews. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont. 
Megalopteris  Sewellensis  Font.? 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock,  Rush  Run  and  Harveys. 
Alethopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont   coal    at    Fire    Creek,    Nuttall,    Harveys,    and 
Princes. 
Neuropteris  Smith II  Lesq. 

Quinnimont   coal   at   Fire   Creek,    Nuttall,    Princes,    Rush 
Run,  etc. 
Neuropteris  Lindleyana  Sternb.   var.  Font. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Sewell  station. 
Odontopteris  neuropteroides  Newberry*. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont. 
Equisetites  occidentalis  Lesq. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont. 
Asterocalamites  scrobiculatus  (Scloth.)   Zeill.  ? 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Princes  and  Rush  Run. 
Calamites  cannaeformis  Schloth. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont. 
Calamites  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont  and  Dimmock. 

ASTEROPHYLLITES    MINUTUS   AudrCWS. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run,  Dimmock  and  Harveys. 
Annularia  ramosa  (Brong.)  Weiss. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock,  Rush  Run  and  Harveys. 
Annularia  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run. 
Calamostachys  lanceolata  Lesq.  (form.). 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run. 
Sphenophyllum  tenue  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock. 
Lycopodites  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal   at   Princes,   Fire   Creek,   Dimmock   and 
Rush  Run. 
Lepidodendron  acuminatum   (Goepp.)   Unp:er? 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run,  Red  Ash,  Fire  Creek  and 
Quinnimont. 
Lepidodendron  Sternbergii  Brongn.   (form.). 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock  and  Princes. 
Lepidodendron  Veltheimianum  Sternb, 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run. 


'Probably  wrong  identification. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  433 

Ulodendron  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Ouinnimont,  Dimmock,  Beechwood. 
Halonia  sp.  D.  White. 

Ouinnimont  coal  at  Rush  Run. 
Lepidostrobus  variabilis  Lindl.  &  Hutt. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Fire  Creek. 
Lepidophyllum  Campbellianum  Lesq. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock  and  Rush  Run. 
Lepidophyllum  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Dimmock  and  Rush  Run. 
Sigillaria  cf.  DENTATA  Ncwbcrry. 

Quinnamont  coal  at  Beurys  and  Beechwood. 
Sigillaria  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Beurys. 

CORDAITES   ROBBII    DawSOU  ? 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont. 
Rhabdocarpos  sp.  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Fire  Creek,  Rush  Run,  Dimmock. 
Trigonocarpum  clavatum   (Sternb.)  D.  White. 

Quinnimont  coal  at  Quinnimont  and  Dimmock. 
Carpolithes  sp.  D.  White. 

Ouinnimont  coal  at  Fire  Creek. 


PLANTS    RECORDED    FROM    THE    SEWELL    FORMA- 
TION (PENNSYLVANIAN:  POTTSVILLE  GROUP). 

Eremopteris  cf.  elegans  (Ett.)  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Harveys. 
Eremopteris  Cheathami  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Harveys. 
Eremopteris  macilenta  (Lesq.)  D.  W.  form. 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond,  Nuttall  and  Sewell. 
Mariopteris  muricata   (Schloth.)   Zeill.   form. 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond,  Harveys,  and  Cunard. 
Mariopteris  pottsvillea  D.  W.,  var.  Nov. 

Sewell  coal,  Thurmond  and  Harveys. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  RoYi  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Nuttall. 
Sphenopteris  flexicaulis  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal,  Harveys. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  Larischii  (Stur)  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal,  Harveys. 
Sphenopteris  microcarpa  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal,  Harveys. 
Sphenopteris  communis  Lesq. 


434  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sewell  coal  at  Nuttall. 
Pecopteris(  ?)  SERRULATA  (Daws.)  Hartt. 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond. 
Megalopteris  sewellensis  Font. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Megalopteris  Hartii  Andrews. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Alethopteris  LONCHiTicA  (Schloth.)  Stb.   (?) 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond,  Macdonald  and  Nuttall. 
Alethopteris  Serlii  var.  europea  (Brongn.)  Goepp. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Alethopteris  Serlii  var.  Americana  (Brongn.)  Goepp. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Altehopteris  Evansii  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Cunard  and  Nuttall. 
Callipteridium  sp. 

Sewell  coal  at  Cunard  and  Nuttall. 
Neuropteris  Schlehani  Stur.  var. 

Sewell  coal  in  all  of  New  River  Region. 
Neuropteris  biformis  Lesq.  form. 

Sewell  coal,  Macdonald  and  Cunard. 
Neuropteris?  sp.  Fontaine. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Neuropteris  Elrodi  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal:  Macdonald,  Thurmond  and  Cunard. 
Odontopteris  Newberryi  Lesq. (?) 

Sewell  coal  at  Macdonald. 
Odontopteris  gracillima  Newberry. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Calamites  Roemeri  Gopp.  ? 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Calamites  approximatus  Schlotheim. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Asterophyllites  gracilis  Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Macdonald. 
Asterophyllites  erectifolius  Andr. 

Sewell  coal   at   Macdonald,    Turkey   Knob,   Harveys   and 
Thurmond. 
Annularia  radiata  (Brongn.)   Stb. 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond. 
Macrostaciiya  sp. 

Sewell  coal  at  Cunard. 
Sphenopfiyllum  antiquum  Dawson. 

Sewell  coal,  Sewell 
Lepidodendron  Sternbergii  Brongn. 

Sewell  coal  at  Stone  Cliff. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  435 

Lepidophyllum  sp. 

Sewell  coal  at  Thurmond. 

SiGILLARIA   cf.   RETICULATA   Lesq. 

Sewell  coal  at  Cunard. 

CORDAITES  ROBBII  DawSOll  ? 

Sewell  coal  at  Sewell. 
Whittleseya  elegans  Newby. 

Sewell  coal  at  Macdonald. 
Cardiocarpon  cf.  BicuspiDATUM  (Steriib.)  Newby 

Sewell  coal  at  Stone  Cliff. 
Cardiocarpon  minor  Newby. 

Sewell  coal  at  Turkey  Knob. 
Cardiocarpon  elongatum  Newby. 

Sewell  coal  at  Macdonald  and  Turkey  Knob. 
Rhabdocarpos  sp. 

Sewell  coal  at  Macdonald,  Turkey  Knob,  Harveys,  Stone 
Cliff,  and  Thurmond. 
Trigonocarpum  triloculare   (Hildreth)   Newberry. 

Sewell  coal  at  Sewell. 
Trigonocarpum  oliviaeforme  L.  &  H. 

Sewell  coal  at  Turkey  Knob,  Harveys,  Thurmond  and  (  ?) 
Macdonald. 


PLANTS    REPORTED    FROM    THE    NUTTALL    SAND- 
STONE LENTIL  OF  THE  SEWELL  FORMA- 
TION   NEAR  ANSTED. 

Arcpiaeopteris  stricta  Andrews. 

Archaeopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Eremopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Mariopteris  muricata   (Schlotheim)  Zeiller. 

Mariopteris  pygmaea  D.  White. 

Mariopteris  acuta  (Brongniart)  Zeiller. 

Sphenopteris  furcata  Brongniart. 

Sphenopteris  cf.  linearis  Sternburg. 

Alethopteris  cf.  ambigua  Lesquereux. 

Pecopteris  plumosa  Sternberg. 

Megalopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Neuropteris  sp.  D.  White.    '  ■ 

Odontopteris  gracillima  Newberry. 

Calamites  approximatus  Sternberg. 

AsTEROPHYLLiTES  MiNUTUS  Andrews. 

Annularia  cuspidata  Lesquereux. 

Calamostacpiys  sp.  D.  White. 

Sppienophyllum  cuneifolium    (Sternberg)    Zeiller. 


436  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Lepidodendron    rushvillense  Andrews. 

Lepidostrobus  variabilis  Lindley  &  Hutton. 

Lepidophyllum  sp.  D.  White. 

Triletes  sp.  D.  White. 

Cardiocarpon  bicuspidatum  (Sternberg)  Newberry, 

Cardiocarpon  cornutum  Dawson. 


PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE  KANAWHA  FORMA- 
TION  (PENNSYLVANIAN:  POTTSVILLE 
GROUP). 

Eremopteris  cf.  Sauveuri   (Crepin)   D.  White. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank. 
Eremopteris  artemisiaefolia  (Sternb.)  Schimp. 

Coahnont. 
Eremopteris  cf.  lincolniana  D.  \\  hite. 

Eagle  coal  at  St.  Clair  mine. 
Eremopteris  n.  sp.  D.  White. 

Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal  at  Peerless,  Cedar  Grove 
and  Handley ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank  and  Riverside 
mine. 
Cheilanthites  trifoliolatus  (Artis)  Goepp. 

Gas-Tunnel   coal    at    Forest   Hill   mine   near   Edgewater; 
Peerless  coal  at  Peerless,  Slaughters  Creek,  Black  Diamond, 
Monarch,  Handley  and  Black  Cat  mines. 
Cheilanthites    obtusilobus    var.    dilatus    (Lesquereux)    D. 
White. 

Cedar   Grove   coal   at   East   Bank,    Black   Cat   Mine,   and 
Cotton  Hill?     Also  at  Short  Creek  and  Peytona. 
Cheilanthites  cf.  nummularius  (Gutbier)    D.  White. 

Stockton  coal  at  Belmont,  and  on  Buffalo  Lick  Fork  and 
Spanglers  Fork  of  Blue  Creek. 
Mariopteris  inflata  (Newberry)  D.  White. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle.     Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Diamond. 
Mariopteris  cf.  Jacouoti  (Zeiller)  D.  White. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Cedar  Grove. 
Mariopteris  muricata  (Schlotheim)  Zeiller. 

Eagle    coal    at    Eagle    and    St.    Clair ;    Stockton    coal    on 
Hurricane  Branch. 
Mariopteris  latifolia   (Brongniart)   Zeiller. 

Coalmont. 
Mariopteris  acuta  (Brongniart)  Zeiller. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle,  Crescent  and  St.  Clair.  Peerless  coal, 
Cedar  Grove,  Peerless,  Black  Diamond  and  Slaughters 
Creek. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  437 

Mariopteris  Andraeana  (v.  Roehl)  D.  White. 

Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal  at  Peerless ;  Cedar  Grove 
coal  at  East  Bank,  Black  Cat.    Also  at  Blacksburg  and  Coal- 
mont. 
Mariopteris  sphenopteroides    (Lesquereux)    Zeiller  var.  nov. 
D.  White. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank,  Blacksburg. 
Mariopteris  nervosa  (Brongniart)  Zeiller. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle;  Gas  coal  at  Ansted  and  Diamond; 
Stockton  coal  at  Belmont. 
Sphenopteris  spinosa  Gopp. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle  and  St.  Clair ;  Peerless  coal :  Cedar 
Grove,  Black  Cat,  and  Slaughter  Creek. 
Sphenopteris  furcata  Brongn. 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent. 
Sphenopteris  elegans  (Brongn.)   Sternb. 

Maiden. 
Sphenopteris  geniculata  Germar  &  Kaulfuss. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank  and  Black  Cat  mines. ' 
Sphenopteris  Hildrethi  Lesquereux. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank;  also  at  Cotton  Hill. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  trichomanoides  Brongn. 

Stockton  coal  on  Buffalo  Lick  Fork  near  Cannelton. 
Sphenopteris  Linkii  (Goeppert)  Presl. 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent. 
Sphenopteris  tracyana  Lesquereux? 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle. 
Sphenopteris  tenella  Brongniart 

Stockton  coal  on  Buffalo  Lick  Fork,  near  Cannelton  and 
at  Pond  Gap. 
Sphenopteris  (Zeilleria)  delicatula  Sternberg. 

Gas  coal  at  Ansted. 
Sphenopteris  hymenophylloides  Brongn. 

Stockton  coal  at  Stanton  mine.  Pond  Gap,  and  near  mouth 
of  Hurricane  Creek. 
Sphenopteris  Karwinensis  Stur. 

Stockton   coal,    Pond   Gap,   and   Buffalo   Lick   Fork   near 
Cannelton. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  dubuissonis  Brongn. 

Eagle  coal  at  St.  Clair;  Gas  coal  at  Forest  Hill  mine; 
Peerless  coal  at  Peerless,  Handley  and  Black  Cat  mines. 
Sphenopteris  (Renaultia)   microcarpa  Lesquereux? 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle  and  St.  Clair. 
Sphenopteris  schatzlarensis  Stur. 

Eagle   coal   at    Crescent   and   St.   Clair;   Peerless   coal   at 
Peerless  and  Monarch  mines. 


438  TPIE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Spiienopteris  cf.  Broadheadi  D.  White, 

Stockton  coal  at  Pond  Gap. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  CANNELTONENSLS  D.  White. 

Peerless  coal,  Monarch  mine. 
Sphenopteris  mixta  Schimp. 

Stockton  coal,  Belmont  mine,  and  Pond  Gap. 
Sphenopteris     (Crossotheca)     ophioglossoides     (Lesq.)     D. 
White. 

Stockton  coal  on  Buffalo  Lick  Fork  near  Cannelton. 
Sphenopteris  (Crossotheca)  cf.  Crepini  Zeiller. 

Peerless  coal  at  Peerless ;   Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Stockton 
coal  on  Buft'alo  Lick  near  Cannelton  and  at   Stanton  mine. 
Oligocarpia  alabamensis  Lesquereux? 

Cedar  Grove  coal,  Cedar  Grove. 
Oligocarpia  sp.  D.  White. 

Peerless  coal,  Handley. 
Pecopteris  plumosa  Artis. 

Gas  coal,  at  Crescent,  Diamond,  Morris  Creek  and  Ansted. 
Pecopteris  aspera  Brongn. 

Gas  coal?   Cotton  Hill. 
Pecopteris  sp.  cf.  Integra  (Andrae)  Schimper. 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent. 
Pecopteris  villosa  Brongniart. 
Stockton  coal ;  Pond  Gap. 
Pecopteris  sp.  cf.  crenulata  Brongn. 

Tunnel    coal    and    Gas    coal,    Ansted,    Diamond,    Morris 
Creek,  Crescent,  Kelly's  Creek  and  Carbon  Hill. 
Alethopteris  decurrens  (Artis)  Sternb. 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent. 
Alethopteris  massilionis  Lx. 

Short  Creek. 
Alethopteris  lonchitica  (Schlotheim)   Sternberg. 

Gas  coal,  Ansted :  Peerless  coal  at  Cedar  Grove ;  Cedar 
Grove  coal  at  Cedar  Grove,  East  Bank,  and  Black  Cat  mines. 
Alethopteris  Serlii  (Brongn.)  Goepp. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle  and  St.  Clair ;  Gas-Tunnel  coal  at 
Diamond,  Forest  Hill,  Morris  Creek ;  Peerless  coal  at 
Peerless,  Monarch,  Handley,  Black  Cat  and  on  Slaughter 
Creek ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank,  Riverside  mine  and 
on  Hurricane  and  Kelly  creeks ;  Stockton  coal  at  Buffalo 
Lick  Fork  and  Spanglers  Fork  of  Blue  Creek. 
Neuropteris  flexuosa  Sternb. 

Eagle  coal  at  Eagle ;  Gas-Tunnel  coal  at  Forest  Hill, 
Diamond,  Crescent,  Morris  Creek  and  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal 
at  Peerless,  Cedar  Grove,  Black  Diamond,  Monarch,  Black 
Cat,  Handley,  and  on  Slaughter  Creek ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at 
Cedar  Grove,  East  Bank  and  Black  Cat. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  439 

Neuropteris  rarinervis  Bunbury. 

Stockton  coal  at  Buffalo  Lick  Fork,  Belmont,  Pond  Gap. 
Stanton  mine  on  Kelly's  Creek,  and  on  Hurricane  Creek. 
Neuropteris  cf.  gigantea  Sternb. 

Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  East  Bank. 
Neuropteris  ovata  Hoffm. 

Stockton  coal,  Pond  Gap. 
Neuropteris  cf.  Carrii  Lesq. 

Stockton  coal  on  Spangler's  Fork  of  Blue  Creek. 
Neuropteris  Cistii  Brongn. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Eastbank  and  Riverside. 
Neuropteris  cf.  Zeillbri  Potonie. 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent. 
Neuropteris  Scheuchzeri  Hoffm. 

Stockton  coal  at   Belmont,   Staunton  mine   on  Hurricane 
Branch,  and  on  Slaughter's  Fork  of  Blue  Creek. 
Calamites  Suckowi  Brongn. 

Gas  coal :     Ansted  and  Forest  Hill  mines ;  Cedar  Grove 
coal  at  Cedar  Grove  and  Black  Cat  mines. 
Catamites  Cistii  Brongn. 

Gas  coal :  Ansted ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Eastbank. 
Calamites  ramosus  Artis. 

Eagle  coal,  St.  Clair  mine;  Gas  coal  at  Forest  Hill;  Peer- 
less coal  at  Peerless ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Eastbank ;  Stock- 
tonl  coal  at  Belmont. 
Calamites  approximatus  Schlotheim. 

Cotton  Hill. 
Calamitina  sp.  D.  White. 

Gas  coal  at  Morris  Creek. 
Calamodendron  sp.  D.  White. 

Peerless  coal :  Peerless. 
Asterophyllites  minutus  Andrews. 

Eagle    coal.    Crescent ;    Peerless    coal,    Cedar    Grove    and 
Handley. 
Asterophyllites  eouisetiformis  (Schlotheim)  Brongn. 

Stockton  coal,  Belmont. 
Asterophyllites  lycopodioides  Zeiller. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Eastbank. 
Asterophyllites  rigidus  (Sternberg)  Brongn. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle.    Gas  coal :  Morris  Creek.    Cedar  Grove 
coal :  Hurricane  Creek,  Kelley  Creek  and  Eastbank. 
Annularia  acicularis  (Dawson)  Renault. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle  and  Crescent. 
Annularia  radiata  (Brongniart)   Sternberg. 

Gas  coal :  Ansted,  Cotton  Hill ;  Peerless  coal :  Peerless, 
Cedar  Grove,  on  Slaughters  Fork  of  Blue  Creek;  Cedar 
Grove  coal  at  Eastbank. 


440  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Annularia  stellata  (Schlotheim)  Wood. 

Stockton  coal :  Belmont,  Stanton  mine  and  Pond  Gap. 
Annularia  sphenophylloides  (Zenker)  Gutbier. 

Stockton  coal  on  Buffalo  Lick  Fork,  at  Stanton  mine  and 
Pond  Gap. 
Annularia  ramosa  (Artis)   Weiss. 

Eagle  coal  at  St.  Clair  and  Crescent ;  Gas  coal :  Ansted , 
Cedar  Grove  coal:  Eastbank;  Peerless  coal:  Peerless,  Cedar 
Grove,  Slaughter  Creek,  and  Handley ;  Stockton  coal :  Bel- 
mont and  Stanton  mines. 
Calamostachys  ramosus  Weiss. 

Eagle  coal  at  St.  Clair;  Peerless  coal  at  Peerless. 
Sphenophyllum  cuneifolium  (Sternberg)  Zeiller. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle  and  St.  Clair ;  Gas  coal :  Forest  Hill, 
Morris  Creek,  Black  Cat  and  Handley ;  Cedar  Grove  coal : 
Cedar  Grove,  Hurricane  Creek ;  Stockton  coal :  Buffalo  Lick 
Fork,  Spanglers  Fork  of  Blue  Creek,  Stanton  mine  and 
at  Pond  Gap. 
Sphenophy'llum  Lescurianum  D.  White. 

Stockton  coal :  Buffalo  Lick  Fork  and  Pond  Gap. 
Sphenophyllum  emarginatum  (Brongniart)  Koenig. 

Stockton  coal :  Spanglers  Fork  of  Blue  Creek. 
Sphenophyllum  furcatum   (Lindl.  &  Hutt.)   Gein, 

Eagle  coal  at  Crescent  and  Eagle :  Peerless  coal  at  Hand- 
ley. 
Lycopodites  Meekii  Lesquereux. 

Stockton  coal  at  Stanton  mine  and  on  Hurricane  Creek. 
Lycopodites  simplex  Lesquereux. 

Peerless    coal :    Peerless ;    Cedar    Grove    coal :    Eastbank, 
Cotton  Hill? 
Bothrodendron  cf.  minutifolium  (Boulay)  Zeiller. 

Gas  coal :  Morris  Creek,  Ansted  and  Forest  Hill  mine ; 
Peerless  coal :  Peerless,  Cedar  Grove,  Monarch,  Handley, 
Black  Cat  and  on  Slaughter  Creek ;  Cedar  Grove  coal :  Cedar 
Grove,  Eastbank,  and  Kelleys  Creek ;  Stockton  coal :  Stanton 
mine. 
Bothrodendron  sp.  D.  White. 

Eagle  coal :  St.  Clair. 
Lepidodendron  cf.  Brittsii  Lesq. 

Gas  coal :  Forest  Hill  mine  ;  Peerless  coal :  Monarch.- 
Lepidodendron  acuminatum   (Goepp.)  Ung. 

Gas  coal :  Crescent. 
Lepidodendron  Veltheimianum  Sternb. 

Gas  coal :  Morris  Creek ;  Peerless  coal  at  Handley. 
Lepidodendron  lanceolatum  Lesq. 

Stockton  coal :  Stanton  mine  and  on  Hurricane  Creek. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  44I 

Lepidodendron  cf.  DicHOTOMUM  Stcmb. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle  and  Crescent. 
Lepidodendron  clypeatum  Lesq. 

Cedar  Grove  coal  on  Kelley's  Creek  below  mouth  of  Hur- 
ricane Creek. 
Lepidodendron  obovatum  Sternb. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle ;  Gas  coal :  Diamond  mine. 
Lepidodendron  modulatum  Lesq. 

Stockton  coal  at  Pond  Gap. 
Lepidophloios  cf.  laricinus  Sternb. 

Gas    coal :    Morris    Creek   and   Ansted ;    Peerless    coal    at 
Handley. 
Ulodendron  majus  Lindl.  &  Hutt. 

Gas  coal  at  Ansted ;  Cedar  Grove  coal  at  Eastbank. 
Lepidostrobus  variabilis  Lindl.  &  Hutt. 

Eagle  coal :  Eagle  and  St.  Clair ;  Gas  coal :  Forest  Hill, 
Diamond  and  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal :  Cedar  Grove,  Monarch 
and  Handley ;  Cedar  Grove  coal :  Hurricane  Branch ;  Stock- 
ton coal :  Belmont  and  Stanton  mines. 
Lepidostrobus  ornatus  Brongn.? 

Gas  coal :  Tunnel  Mine,  Kelley  Creek. 
Lepidostrobus  Salisburyi  Lesq. 

Coal  River. 
Lepidostrobus  sp.  D.  White. 

Gas  coal :  Kelleys  Creek. 
Lepidophyllum  acuminatum  Lesq. 

Peerless  coal :  Peerless. 
Lepidophyllum  lanceolatum  Lindl.  &  Hutt.  ? 

Stockton  coal :     Sta  nton  mine. 
Lepidophyllum  Campbellianum  Lesq. 

Eagle   coal :   Eagle   and    St.    Clair ;   Gas   coal :   Diamond, 
Morris  Creek,  Forest  Hill  and  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal :  Peer- 
less ;  Cedar  Grove  coal :  Kelley  Creek  below  mouth  of  Hurri- 
cane Branch. 
Lepidophyllum  cf.  cultriforme  Lesq. 

Gas  coal :  Diamond,  Morris  Creek  and  Kelley  Creek. 
Lepidocystis  obtusus  Lesq. 

Gas  coal :  Morris  Creek  and  Kelleys  Creek. 
Lepidocystis  vesicularis  Lesq. 

Stockton  coal :  Buffalo  Lick  Fork  and  Stanton  mine. 

SiGILLARIA    FISSA    Lcsq. 

Stockton  coal :  Hurricane  Branch. 

SiGILLARIA   cf.   RETICULATA   Lesq. 

Gas  coal :  Morris  Creek. 
SiGILLARIA  cf.  icHTYOLEPis   (Sternb.)  Corda. 

Gas  coal :  Tunnel  mine. 
CoRDAiTES  BORAssiFOLius  (Sternb.)  Ung. 


442  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA   FOSSIL   FLORA 

Gas  coal :  Tunnel  mine. 
PoAcoRDAiTES  sp.  D.  White. 

Stockton  coal ;  Pond  Gap. 
CoRDAicARPON  ciRCULARE  (Lcsq.)  D.  White. 

Stockton  coal :  Stockton. 

CORDAICARPON    CINCTUM    Lesq. 

Stockton  coal :  Pond  Gap. 
Cardiocarpon  minor  Newberry. 

Gas  coal :  Tunnel  mine. 
RiiABDOcARPOS  BocKSCHiANUs  Gocpp,  &  Berg. 

Campbells  Creek. 
Rhabdocarpos  multistriatus   (Presl)   Lesq. 

Gas  coal :  Ansted. 
Rhabdocarpos  tenax  Lesq. 

Campbells  Creek. 
Rhabdocarpos  sulcatus  (Lindl.  &  Hutt.)  Schimp. 

Eagle   coal :   Eagle ;    Gas   coal :   Forest   Hill    and   Morris 
Creek. 
Rhabdocarpos  amygdalaeforiv[IS  Goepp.  &  Berger. 

Peerless  coal :  Monarch. 
Carpolithes?  fragarioides  Newberry. 

Gas  coal :  Ansted ;  Peerless  coal :  Peerless. 
Palaeoxyris  appendiculata  Lesq. 

Stockton  coal :  Stanton  mine. 
Trigonocarpum  ampullaeforme  Lesq. 

Maiden. 
Trigonocarpum  Noeggerathii  (Sternb.)   Brongn. 

Campbells  Creek  and  Maiden. 


PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE  ALLEGHENY  FORA/1- 
ATION  (PENNSYLVANIAN). 

Eremopteris  solida  (Lesq.)  D.  White, 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Cheilanthites  squamosus    (Lesq.)   D.  White. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason ;  Kittanning 
coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Mariopteris  Sillimanni  (Brongn.)  D.  White. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason ;  Kittanning 
coal  group :  Graham  mine  near  Clendennin. 
Mariopteris  Newberryi  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Mariopteris  nervosa  (Brongn.)  Zeili. 

Kittanning  coal  group  on  Belva-Lizemore  road ;  Furnace 
Hollow,  Wayne  Co. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  443 

Mariopteris  sphenopteroides  (Lesq.)  Zeill. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason. 
Sphenopteris  pinnatifida   (Lesq.)   D.  White. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House. 
Sphenopteris  chaerophylloides  (Brongn.)   Presl. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Sphenopteris  cf.  stipulata  Gutb. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason. 
Sphenopteris  ophioglossoides  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Kittanning    coal   group :    Belva-Lizemore    road    and    near 
Clendennin. 
Sphenopteris  (Crossotiieca)  sagittatus  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House. 
Pecopteris  dentata  Brongn. 

Kittanning  coal   group  near  Clay  Court  House;  also  in 
the  Allegheny  at  Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne  Co. 
Pecopteris  unita  Brongn. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin  and  on  the  Belva- 
Lizemore  road. 
Pecopteris  emarginata  (Goepp.)   Presl. 

Kittanning  coal  group  at  Pleasant  Retreat  and  Clendennin 
(Cobb  mine). 
Pecopteris  vestita  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group,  Cobb  mine  near  Clendennin. 
Pecopteris  villosa  Brongn.  ? 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin,  and  Graham  mine 
near  Mason,  and  along  Belva-Lizemore  road  and  near  Clay 
Court  House;  also  in  the  Allegheny  at  Furnace  Hollow. 
Wayne  County;  also  present  on  Granny  Branch  of  Indian 
Creek  near  Mason. 
Pecopteris  oreopteridia  (Schloth.)  Sternb. 

Kittanning  coal  group :   Graham  mine  near   Mason ;  also 
in   beds    said    to   be   Lower    Freeport    at    Furnace    Hollow, 
Wayne  County. 
Pecopteris  Miltoni  (Artis)  Sternb. 

Kittanning  coal  group  at  Pleasant  Retreat  and  near  Clay 
Court  House. 

Alethopteris  pennsylvanica  Lesq. 

Bed  said  by  Dr.  I.  C.  White  to  be  near  the  Lower  Free- 
port  coal,  near  Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne  County. 
Callipteridium  ?  inaequale  Lesq. 

Bed  said  by  Dr.  I.  C.  White  to  be  near  the  Lower  Free- 
port  coal,  near  Furnace  Hollow,  W'^ayne  County. 
Neuropteris  rarinervis  Bunb. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House ;  also  in 
beds  said  to  be  Lower  Freeport  at  Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne 
County. 


444  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Neuropteris  vermicularis  Lesq. 
Gunter  Hollow  near  Mason. 
Neuropteris  ovata  Hoffm. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason;  also  in  Kit- 
tanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House,  Pleasant  Retreat 
and  near  Clendennin. 
Neuropteris  fimbriata  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House. 
Neuropteris  Scheuchzeri  Hoffm. 

Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne  County,  and  Granny  Branch  of 
Indian  Creek  near  Mason ;  also  from  Kittanning  coal  group 
near  Clay  Court  House,  Graham  mine,  Pleasant  Retreat  and 
near  Clendennin. 
Neuropteris  Agassizi  Lesq.  ? 

Supposed   Lower   Freeport   horizon   in   Furnace    Hollow, 
Wayne  County. 
Linopteris  obliqua  (Bunbury)  Zeill. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House. 
Odontopteris  Wortheni  Lesq. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason. 
Odontopteris  subcuneata  Bunbury. 

Kittanning  coal  group  at  Graham  mine  near  Mason. 
Odontopteris  aequalis  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group,  Belva-Lizemore  road. 
Calamites  Cistii  Brongn, 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Annularia  stellata  (Schloth.)   Wood. 

Kittanning  coal   group :    Graham   mine,    Cob   mine   near 
Clendennin ;  near  Clay  Court  House,  and  Pleasant  Retreat. 
Also    reported    on    Granny    Branch    of    Indian    Creek    near 
Mason. 
Annularia  sphenophylloides   (Zenk.)   Gutb. 

Kittanning  coal  group :  Graham  mine. 
Annularia  sphenophylloides  var.  intermedia  Lesq. 

Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne  County. 
Sphenophyllum  emarginatum   (Brongn.)   Koenig. 

Kittanning  coal  group ;  Cob  mine  near  Clendennin ;  near 
Clay  Court  House,  and  on  Belva-Lizemore  road.  Also  re- 
ported on  Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason. 
Beds  said  to  be  Lower  Freeport  age,  near  Furnace  Hollow, 
Wayne  County. 
Sphenophyllum  majus  Bronn. 

Kittanning  coal  group ;  near  Clendennin. 
Lepidodendron  modulatum  Lesq. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason ;  also  over 
"Lower  Freeport"  coal,  at  Furnace  Hollow,  Wayne  County. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  445 

Sphenophyllum  majus  Bronn. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Lepidophloios  sp.  D.  White. 

Furnace   Hollow,   near   Huntington   pike    ("Lower   Free- 
port"). 
Lepidophyllum  brevifolium  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin. 
Lepidophyllum  Jennyi  D.  White. 

Granny  Branch  of  Indian  Creek  near  Mason. 
Lepidophyllum  oblongifolium  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clendennin  and  on  Belva-Lize- 
more   road ;   also   over   "Lower   Freeport"   coal   in    Furnace 
Hollow,  Wayne  County. 
Lepidophyllum  hastatum  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group  near  Clay  Court  House. 
Lepidocystis  vescicularis  Lesq. 

Kittanning  coal  group :  Belva-Lizemore  road. 
Sigillaria  camptotaenia  (Wood)   Zeill. 

Kittanning  coal  group :  Belva-Lizemore  road,  Clendennin 
near  Clay  Court  House. 
Carpolithes  ellipticus  Sternb. 

Kittanning  group :  Cobb  mine  near  Clendennin ;  also  re- 
ported from  the  formation  on  Granny  Branch  of  Indian 
Creek  near  Mason. 


PLANTS  RECORDED  FROM  THE  CONEMAUGH 
FORMATION  (PENNSYLVANIAN). 

Cheilanthites  (Sphenopteris)  solidus  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Cheilanthites  obtusilobus  (Brongn.)   Gopp. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Cheilanthites  squamosus  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Mariopteris  Sillimanni  (Brongn.)  D.  White. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Mariopteris  nervosa  (Brongn.)  Zeill. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Sphenopteris  minutisecta  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Sphenopteris  (Crossotheca)  ophioglossoides  Lesq. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Alethopteris  Serlii.  (Brongn).  Gopp. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Pecopteris  unita  Brongn. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek.  Wayne.  Co. 


446  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Pecopteris  villosa  Brongn.  ? 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Pecopteris  cf.  Jenneyi  D.  White. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne.  Co. 
Pecopteris  oreopteridia  (Schloth.)  Sternb. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. ;  near  Lavalette. 
Pecopteris  Miltoni  (Artis)  Sternb. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Pecopteris  polymorpha  Brongn. 

Near  Lavalette. 
Pecopteris  sp.  D.  White. 

Near  Lavalette. 
Neuropteris  ovata  Hoffm. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Neuropteris  fimbriata  Lesq. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Neuropteris  Scheuchzeri  Hoffm. 

Wheeling,    and    20    feet    below    the    Pittsburgh    coal    at 
Bellaire,  Ohio. 
Sphenophyllum  majus  Bronn. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Lycopodites  pendulus  Lesq. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Sigillaria  fissa  Lesq. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
Lepidocystis  vesicularis  Lesq. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 
CoRDAicARPON  GuTBiERi   (Gein.)    Gr.  'Fry. 

Left  Fork  of  Mill  Creek,  Wayne  Co. 


PLANTS  RFCORDED  FROM  THE  MONONGAHELA 
FORMATION   (PENNSYLVANIAN). 

Mariopteris?  spinulosa  (Lesq.)  D.  White. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Alethopteris  aquilina  (Schloth.)   Goepp. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Pecopteris  unita  Brogn. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Pecopteris  villosa  Brongn.  ? 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Pecopteris  cf.  Jenneyi  D.  White. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Pecopteris  notata  Lesq. 

Redstone  coal.  Wheeling,  W.  Va. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  447 

Pecopteris  nodosa  (Goepp.)  Schimp. 

Marietta,  Ohio. 
Dicksonites  Pluckeneti   (Schloth.) 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Neuropteris  callosa  Lesq. 

Pomeroy,  Ohio. 
Neuropteris  crenulata  Brongn. 

Pomeroy,  Ohio. 
Neuropteris  Grangeri  Brongn. 

WheeHng,  W.  Va.,  and  Bellaire,  Ohio. 
Neuropteris  Scheuchzeri  Hoffm. 

WheeHng,  W.  Va.,  and  Bellaire,  Ohio,  20  feet  below  Pitts- 
burgh coal. 
Lescuropteris  Moorii   (Lesq.)    Schimp. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Aphlebia  filiciformis   (Gutb.)   Schimp. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. 
Sigillaria  Menardi  Brongn. 

Pomeroy,  Ohio. 


LIST  OF  FOSSIL  PLANTS  REPORTED  FROM  THE 
DUNKARD  FORMATION*   (PERMIAN). 

Diplothmema  pachyderma  (Font.  &  I.  C.  White)  D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville,  and  Dents  Run ;  also  500  feet 
above  the  same  coal. 
Sphenopteris  minutisecta  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Sphenopteris    (Cymoglossa)    breviloba    (Font.   &  I.   C.  W.) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris   (Cymoglossa)   Formosa   (Font.  &  I.  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris    (Cymoglossa)    lobata    (Font.   &  I.   C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  (Cymoglossa)  obtusifolia  (Font.  &  I.  C.  White) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 


*For  notes  on  the  Permian-Monongahela  boundary  see  Bull. 
Geol.  Soc,  Amer.,  vol.  xiv,  1903,  p.  538;  Geol.  Survey  W.  Va., 
vol.  II,  p.  120;  and  the  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey,  Waynesburg  and 
Rogersville  Folios. 


448  THE   WEST  VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Sphenopteris  Lescuriana  Meek. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Sphenopteris  dentata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  auriculata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  foliosa  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  hastata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Sphenopteris  hastata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  acrocarpa  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Sphenopteris  sp.  ?  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  Pluckeneti  (Schloth.)  Sternb. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  Pluckeneti  var.  constricta  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  Germari   (Weiss)  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union  and  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  Germari  var.  crassinervis  Font.  &  I.  C  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  Germari  var.  cuspidata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  dentata  var.  crenata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal^  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  dentata  var.  parva  Lesq. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  pachypteroides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  emarginata  (Gopp.)   D.  White, 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  800  feet  higher  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris   (Goniopteris)  oblonga  (Font.  &  I.  C.  White) 
Miller. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris   (Goniopteris)   Newberriana   (Font.  &  I.  C.  W.) 
Miller. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  longifolia   (Font.  &  I.  C.  W.),  D. 
White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  elliptica  (Font.  &  I.  C.  White)  D. 
White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  449 

Pecopteris  (Goniopteris)  sp.?  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg-  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris   (Goniopteris)  arguta  (Brongn.). 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  goniopteroides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris    (Goniopteris)    elegans   (Germ.). 

W^aynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  arborescens  (Schloth.)  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville,  West  Union,  etc. ;  400  feet 
above  that  coal  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris  arborescens  var.  integripinna  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

400-600  feet  above  the  Waynesburg  coal  in  Monongalia, 
Tyler  and  Marshall  counties. 
Pecopteris  pennaeformis  var.  latifolia  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  Candolleana  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  oreopteridia  (Schloth.)  Sternb. 

400  feet  above  Waynesburg  coal  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris  rarinervis  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  imbricata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  platynervis  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  asplenioides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  rotundiloba  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  microphylla  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  angustipinna  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  tenuinervis  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  subfalcata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  Heeriana  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  Schimperiana  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  lanceolata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Moundsville,  and  400  feet  higher  at 
Bellton. 
Pecopteris  inclinata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Wavnesburg  coal,  Cassville. 


450  THE    WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Pecopteris  merianoptekoides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg"    coal,    Cassville,    W.    Va.,    and    Crirmichaels. 
Penna. 
Pecopteris  rotundifolia  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  sp.  ?  D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris  ovoides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

400  feet  above  Waynesburg  coal  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris  latifolia  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris  pteroides  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal  near  Arnettsville. 
Pecopteris  Miltoni  (Artis)  Sternb. 
Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Pecopteris  polymorpha  Brongn. 

Cassville? 
Pecopteris  elliptica  Bunbury. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Pecopteris   (Callipteridium)   grandifolia    (F.  &  I.  C.   W.). 
D.  Wliite. 

Waynesburg  coal :  West  Union,  Dents  Run,  and  George- 
town. 
Pecopteris   (Callipteridium)  oblongifolia  (F.  &  I.  C.  W. ). 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Dents  Run,  Georgtown  and  Cassville, 
and  400  feet  higher  at  Bellton. 
Pecopteris  (Callipteridium)  odontopteroides  (F.  &  I.  C.  W.) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville,  Georgetown  and  Arnetts- 
ville. 
Pecopteris  (Callipteridium)  unitum  (Font.  &  I.  C.  White.) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville,   Georgetown  and  Arnetts- 
ville. 
Pecopteris   (Callipteridium)   Dawsonianum   (F.  &  I.  C.  W.) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal.  West  Union,  Cassville  and  Dents  Run 
Alethopteris  virginiana  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Alethopteris  gigas  (Gutb.)  Gein. 

500  feet  above  Waynesburg  coal  at  Bellton. 
Callipteris  conferta  (Sternb.)  Brongn. 

Washington     coal     near     Brown's     Bridge,     ^lonongalia 
County. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  45I 

Callipteris  lyratifolia    (Grand  'Eury)    var.  coriacea    (F.   & 
I.  C.  W.)  D.  White. 

Washington  coal  group  near  Jollytown,  Pa. 
Callipteris  curretiensis  Zeill.   (F  &  I.  C.  W.)  D.  White. 

Washington  coal  group  near  Jollytown,  Pa. 
Taeniopteris  Lescuriana  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Taeniopteris  Newberriana  Font.  &  I :  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Taeniopteris  Newberriana  var.  angusta  Font.  &  I.  C.White 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Neuropteris  ovata  Floffm.  (variety). 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  Brown's  Mills. 
Neuropteris  Gibbosa  Lesq. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Brown's  Mills. 
Neuropteris  Planch ardi  Zeill.  var.  longifolia  (F.  &  I.  C.  W.) 
D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  West  Union. 
Neuropteris  dictyopteroides  F  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg    coal    at    West    Union    and    400    feet    above 
Waynesburg  coal  at  Bellton. 
Neuropteris  fimbriata  Lesq. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Carmichaels,  Pa. 
Neuropteris  cordata  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Neuropteris  auriculata  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville  and  West  Union,  and  400 
feet  higher  at  Bellton. 
Lescuropteris  adiantoides  Lesq. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Georgetown. 
Odontopteris  Reichiana  Gutb. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Brown's  Mills. 
Odontopteris  obtusiloba  var.  RARiNERVisFont.  &  L  C.  White. 

400  feet  above  Waynesburg  coal  at  Bellton. 
Odontopteris  nervosa  Font.  &  L  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Odontopteris  densifolia  Font.  &  L  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Cassville. 
Caulopteris  gigantea  Font.  &  L  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Caulopteris  elliptica  Font.  &  L  C.  Wliite. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Aphlebia  (Rhacophyllum)   laciniatum  (F.  &  L  C.  White). 
Sellards. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 


452  THE   WEST   VIRGINIA    FOSSIL   FLORA 

Aphlebia  lactuca  (Prcsl)  Sterzel. 

Waynesburg   coal,    Cassville ;    West   Union;    also    Carmi- 
chels,  Pa. 
Aphlebia  (Rhacophyllum)  speciosissima  (Schimp.)  D.White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union,  W.  Va.,  and  Carmichaels, 
Pa. 
Aphlebia  (Rhacophyllum)  filiciforimis  var.  majus  (F  &  I 
C.  White)  D.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
EouiSETiTES  RUGOSUS  Schimp. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
EouiSETiTES  STRiATUS  Font.  &  L  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Equisetites  elongatus  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  West  Union. 
Calamites  Suckowi  Brongn. 

Waynesburg  coal.  West  Union  and  Cassville. 
Nematophyllum  angustum  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Annularia  radiata   (Brongn.)    Sternb.* 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Annularia  stellata  (Schloth.)  Wood. 

Waynesburg  coal,   Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Annularia  sphenophylloides   (Zenk.)    Gutb. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Annularia  carinata  Gutb. 

Waynesburg  coal :  Cassville,  W'est  Union  and  Bellton. 
Annularia  minuta  Brongn. 

Washington  coal,  Little  Washington. 
Sphenophyllum  OBLONGiFOLiuM   (Germ.  &  Kauf.)   Ung. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Sphenophyllum  longifolium  (Germ.)  Gein.  &  Gutb. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Sphenophyllum  Thoni  Mahr.  Washington,  Pa. 

Sphenophyllum  Fontaineanum  S.  A.  Mill. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Sphenophyllum  filiculme  Lesq. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  \^'est  Union ;  also  at  Car- 
michaels, Pa. 
Sphenophyllum  tenuifolium  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville  and  West  Union. 
Sphenophyllum  angustifolium  Gutb. 

Waynesburg  coal  at  Dents  Run  and  Wadestown. 
Sphenophyllum  densifolium  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 


^Probably  not  this  species. 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  453 

SiGiLLARiA  Brardii  Broiign. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Sigillaria  approximata  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Arnettsville. 
Cordaites  crassinervis  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Baiera  virginiana  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Saportaea  salisburioides  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Rhabdocarpos  oblongatus  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Carpolithes  bicarpus  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
Carpolithes  marginatus  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 
GuiLiELMiTES  ORBICULARIS  Font.  &  I.  C.  White. 

Waynesburg  coal,  Cassville. 


FOSSIL   PLANTS   REPORTED   FROM   THE   CARMICH- 

AELS  CLAY   (PLEISTOCENE)    NEAR 

MORGANTOWN. 

Equisetum  arvense  L. 
Potamogeton  Robbinsii  Oakes. 
Cyperus  sp.  Knowlton. 
Castanea  pumila  Mill. 
Fagus  ferruginea  Ait. 
Betula  nigra  L. 
QuERCUS  falcata  Mich. 
Ulmus  racemosa  Thomas. 
Platanus  occidentalis  L. 
Liquidambar  styraciflua  L. 


INDEX  TO  PART  I. 


Abies     201 

Canadensis     201 

Fraseri    201 

Abutilon    304 

Abutilon    304 

Ai'icennae     304 

ACALYPHA       295 

Virginica     295 

Virginica     intermedia  295 

ACANTHACEAE    356 

ACANTHOSTIGMA       101 

decastylum    101 

Acer    299 

dasycaypnm     300 

Negundo    3O0 

nigrum     300 

Pennsylvanicum     ....  299 

rubrum     300 

saccharinum    L 300 

sacchannnm     Wang..  300 

S'accharum      300 

spicatum    300 

ACERACEAE     299 

acerates    332 

viridiflora      332 

Achillea     385 

Millefolium     385 

ACHNANTHES     29 

lanceolata     29 

ACHROANTHES      236 

unifolia     236 

ACONITUM     250 

reclinatum     256 

uncinatum     256 

AcoRUS     224 

Calamus     224 

ACROGYNAE    165 

ANACROGYNAE    164 

ACTAEA       254 

alba    255 

rubra    254 

spicata     rubra 254 

ACTINOMERIS      383 

alternifoUa    383 

ACTINONEMA      65 

Rosae     65 

Adiantum     192 

pedatum     192 


Adicea     243 

pumila    243 

Adlumia     262 

fungosa   262 

Adopogon    366 

ample^.vicaulis     366 

Dandelion      366 

Virginicum     366 

Aecidium      85 

Houstonianum      78 

Ilicinum     85 

Impatientis     85 

Ludwigiae     85 

Solidaginis    85 

Aesculus    300 

Hava    301 

glabra      300 

hybrida    301 

octandra     301 

octandra     pur- 

purcsccns      301 

Pavia     301 

AGARICACEAE    119 

Agaricus    131 

arvensis     132 

campester     132 

Melleus     121 

muscarius      131 

placomyces     132 

Rodmani      131 

silvaticus    132 

silvicola     132 

Agastache     342 

nepetoides     342 

scrophulariaefolia   .  .  .  342 

Agrimonia     277 

Brittoniana     278 

Eiipatoria     277 

gryposepala     278 

hirsuta     277  1 

mollis     278 

parviflora     278 

striata     278 

Agropyron     215 

repens    215 

Agrostemma     249 

Githago     249 

Agrostis     211 

alba     211 


alba    aristata    211 

altissima    211 

canina     211 

hyemalis    211 

intermedia     211 

perennans    211 

Agyrium     161 

rufum    161 

AlLANTHUS      293 

glandulosa     293 

AIZOACEAE    248 

Aletris 229 

farinosa     229 

Alisma     202 

Plantago-aquatica    .  .  .  202 

ALISMACEAE     202 

Allium     227 

Canadense     228 

cernuum     228 

tricoccum     228 

vineale 227 

Alnus    240 

Alnobetula     240 

incana     240 

rugosa    240 

serrulata     240 

viridis    240 

ALSINE   250 

media      250 

longifolia     250 

pubera    250 

Tennesseensis     250 

Alternaria    42 

Brassicae-nigrescens..  42 

Althea    303 

rosea    30.3 

Amanita   119 

cacsarea     120 

cinerea     120 

farinosa     121 

flavo-rubens    119 

Frostii     120 

Muscaria     119 

allba     119 

phalloides    120 

polypyramis     119 

rubescens    120 

solitaria    120 

spreta   120 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


455 


spreta    parva    

strobiliformis    

verna    

vittadini     

Amanitella    

farinosa     

Amanitopsis    

nivalis    

strangulata    

AMARANTH  ACL  AE. 
Amaranthus   

alhus    

graecizans    

hybridus    

hypochondriacus    .  .  . 

paniculatus    

retrofiexus     

spinosus     


AMARYLLIDACEAE . 
Amblystegium    

adnatum    

fluviatile    

irreguum   

juratskanum    

orthocladon     

radicalc    

riparium     

serpens     

serpens  orthocladon 

varium    

Ambrosia     

artemisiaefolia    

bidentata   

trifida     

trifida  integrifolia  .  . 
AMBROSIACEAE  .... 
Amelanchier    

Botryapium     

Canadensis    

Canadensis    oblongi- 

folia    

Amianthium     

ninscaetoxicum    

Ampelopsis   

cordata    

quinqucfoHa   

tricuspidata    

Amphicarpa     


monoica   

Amphisphaeria  

pinicola    

Amygdalus 

Persica     , 

ANArAMPTODON      . 

apiculatus     

splachnoides     

ANACARDIACEAE    .. 


120 
120 
119 
120 
121 
121 
121 
121 
121 
248 
248 
248 
248 
248 
248 
248 
248 
248 

2.32 

18.5 
18.5 
186 
186 
186 
186 
186 
186 
186 
186 
186 
.S69 
.369 
369 
369 
369 
369 
280 
280 
280 


226 
226 
303 

303 
303 
303 
290 
290 
100 
100 
282 
282 
183 
183 
183 
296 


Anagallis     

aivensis     

Anaphalis     

margaritacea   

Andreaea    

rupestris    

ANDREAEACEAE  . 
Andromeda     


floribttnda     

ligMStrina  pubescens . 

Mariana 

Andropogon    

furcatus     

scoparius    

Virginicus    

Anemone    

Canadensis    

cylindrica    

nemorosa    

Pennsylvanica    

quinquefolia      

trifolia    

Virginiana    

Aneura     


latifolia    

Angelica     

atropurpurea    

Curtisii     

hirsuta  

villosa    

Anomodon     

attenuatus     

obtusifolius     

rostratus    

ANONACEAE     

Antennaria    

fallax  

neodioica    

Parlinii    

plantaginifolia    

propinqua    

sojitaria   

Anthemis    

arvensis    

Cotula      

ANTHOCERATA- 

CEAE     

Anthoceros     

laevis     

punctatus      

Anthostoma     90 

discincola     

microecium     

microplacum     

Anthoxanthum      

odoratum   


328 
328 
379 
379 
172 
172 
172 
324 
324 
324 
324 
203 
203 
203 
205 
256 
256 
256 
256 
256 
256 
255 
256 
164 

164 
315 
315 
315 
315 
315 
185 
185 
185 
185 
253 
378 
378 
378 
378 
378 
378 
378 
385 
385 
385 

171 

172 

172 

172 

,  93 

90 

93 

94 

209 

209 


Anychia   251 

Canadensis  251 

capillacea     251 

dichotoma      251 

divaricata  251 

polygonoides  251 

Aphanorrhegma     178 

serratum      178 

Apiiyllon     355 


iiniAorum     355 

APIACEAE      315 

Apios     290 

Apios     290 

tuberosa     290 

Apisporium      89 

pelliculosum     89 

Aplectrum      230 

hyemale      236 

spicatum      236 

Aplosia     165 

autumnale      165 

APOCYNACEAE     ....  331 

Apocynum      331 

album      331 

androsaemifolium      .  .  331 

cannabinum     331 

pubescens     331 

Aponectria     104 

inaurata     104 

APOSPHAERIA      .*  56 

pezizoides      56 

AQUIFOLIACEAE     . .  298 

Aquillegia,     255 

Canadensis     255 

Arabis      267 

Canadensis     267 

Laevigata    267 

lyrata     267 

patena    267 

ARACEAE     223 

Aralia     314 

hispida      314 

nudicaulis     314 

racemosa     314 

spinosa      314 

trifolia     314 

.\RALIACEAE     314 

.\rchangelica    315 


atropurpurea    315 

Archilejeunea    171 

calypeata    171 

Arctium    387 

Lappa     387 

minus    387 

Arcyria     30 

cinerea     30 

nutans     31 

punicea    30 


456 

Arenaria    251 

seipyllifolia     251 

Arisaema     223 

Dracontium     223 

triphyllum     223 

Aristida      209 

dichotoma    209 

gracilis     209 

lanata     209 

lanosa     209 

oligantha     209 

Aristolochia    245 

macrophylla      245 

serpentaria     245 

Sipho     245 

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.  244 

Armillaria    121 

Mellea      121 

Aronia    279 

arbutifolia     279 

nigra    280 

Arrhenantherum    ....  211 

avenaceurn    211 

elatius     211 

Artemisia     386 

annua     386 

Arthonia    161 

aleuromela     161 

astroidea     161 

cinnabarina     161 

dispersa    161 

punctiformis     161 

spectabilis    161 

taediosa    161 

Aruncus     273 

Aruncus    273 

Asarum     244 

Canadense     244 

Shuftleworthii      244 

Virginicum     244 

Aschersonia    70 

ASCLEPIADACEAE..  331 

Asclepias    331 

amplexicaulis     332 

Cornuti    332 

exaltata     332 

incarnata     332 

obtusifoUa     332 

phytolaccoides     332 

pulchra     332 

purpurascens    332 

quadrifolia    332 

rubra      331 

Syriaca    332 

tuberosa    331 

variegata     332 

ASCOBOLACEAE   ....  114 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


.VSCOBOLUS     

114 

carbonarius     

114 

furfuraceus     

114 

ASCOCHYTA    

65 

Clematidina    

65 

ASCOPHANUS       

114 

115 

granuliforinis     

114 

ASCYRUM    

304 

Crux-Andreae     

304 

hypericoides    

304 

253 

253 

229 

229 

Aspergillus    

32 

33 

glaucus    

32 

glaucus  oblongisporus. 

32 

Aspidium    

194 

acrostichoides     

195 

acrostichoides 

Schweinitsii      

195 

195 

195 

194 

Goldieaniim    

195 

195 

Novaeboracensc    

194 

194 

spinulosum   interme- 

194 

spinulosuin    dilatatum . 

195 

Thelypteris     

194 

Asplenium     

19'^ 

angustifolium    

193 

193 

Filix-foemina    

193 

montanum    

193 

pinnatifidum     

193 

platyneuron    

193 

thelypteroides     

193 

Trichomanes   

193 

Tricliomanes     incisum 

193 

9Ae, 

Hystrix     

216 

375 

acuminatus    

377 

375 

375 

corymbosus     

376 

dcpauperatiis    pusilhts 

376 

376 

376 

376 

376 

ericoides  depauperatus 

376 

ericoides     pilosus.  .  .  .  376 

ericoides    pusilhts.  .  .  .  376 

ericoides    villosus.  .  .  .  376 

Faxoni     376 

hirsuticaulis    376 

infirnius     378 

laevis   375 

lateriflorus     376 

Imariifolius     378 

Lowrieanus     375 

Lowrieanus     lancifol- 

ius   375 

macrophyllus    375 

miser        376 

multiflorus   376 

Novae-Angliae 377 

Novi-Belgii    377 

paniculatus    377 

patens    375 

phlogifolius     375 

polyphyllus    376 

prenanthoides     377 

puniceus    377 

puniceus     firmus 377 

purpuratus    376 

sagittifolius     375 

salicifolius     377 

Sliortii     377 

simplex    377 

Tradescanti     376 

umbellatus   378 

undulatus    375 

vimineus     376 

vimineus   foliosus....  376 

virgatus    376 

asterina   89 

Leemingii     89 

.\sterostoma    148 

cervicolor 148 

corticolum    148 

Astilbe 269 

biternata    269 

decandra   269 

Astragalus  287 

Canadensis    287 

Carolinianus     287 

distortus    287 

ASTROPHYLLUM      180 

hornttm    180 

punctatum   180 

rostratum  180 

syh'aticuni     180 

Athyrium    193 

Filix-foemina    193 

Filix-foemina   pe- 

ctinatum    193 

thelypteroides     193 


Atragene    

•'.3S 

Americana    

Atrichum     

25S 
182 

angustatum 

182 

uiidnlatum    

182 

AULACOMNIACE  AE . 

AULACOMNIUM      

heterostichum     

AURANTIPORUS     

Pilotae     

180 
180 
180 
130 
136 

AURICULARIA      

149 

Auricula  

AVENA     

149 
212 

f atua  

212 

Azalea    

arborescens  

canescens    

322 
322 
322 

lutea    

323 
323 

323 

viscosa  glauca 

viscosa  nitida    

Baccillus    

323 
323 

27 

acidi-lactici    

amylivorus    

27 
27 

subtilis     

27 

tuberculosis   

27 

27 

Bacterium 

28 

Lineola    

28 
28 
46 
46 
158 
158 
'  158 
301 
284 
284 
284 
284 
264 
264 
264 
264 
177 
177 
177 
177 
177 
177 
330 
330 
180 
180 
1«1 
180 

Bacteridium    

flavum    

Baeomyces    

aeruginosus 

roseus    

BALSAMINACEAE    .. 
Baptisia    

australis    

tinctoria   

villosa    

Barbarea     

Barbarea 

praecox    

Barbula     

caespitosa    

humilis    

muralis    

tortuosa    

iinguicitlata    

Bartonia     

Virginica    

Bartramia 

pomiformis    

pomiformis  crispa.  .  .  . 

bartramiaceae  .. 

WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL 


Bazzania    168 

deflexa   168 

triangularis 168 

trilobata     163 

Bellincinia     170 

platyphylla     170 

Porella      170 

Bellis     375 

perennis     375 

Belonidium      114 

aurelia     114 

Benzoin      261 

Benzoin     261 

BERBERIDACEAE     ..  260 

Berberis     260 

Canadensis     260 

vulgaris      260 

Betula     239 

lenta     239 

lenta    X    lucida 239 

lutea      240 

nigra      240 

populifolia     240 

BETULACEAE    239 

BlATORA        \s% 

atrogrisea     159 

fuliginosa      159 

granulosa      159 

hypnophila      159 

inundata    159 

Laureri     159 

rubella     159 

russula     158 

Russellii      159 

Schweinitzii      159 

suffusa     159 

uliginosa      159 

varians     159 

vernalis      159 

BiCUCULLA      262 

Canadensis     262 

Cucullaria     262 

eximina     262 

Bidens     384 

bipinnata     384 

cernua      384 

chrysanthemoides    .  .  .  384 

comosa     384 

connata      384 

frondosa     L 384 

frondosa     Torr 384 

laevis      384 

melanocarpa      384 

trichosperma      384 

BiGNONIA      356 

capreolatm     356 

erucigera     356 

BIGNONIACEAE     ...  355 


SURVEY  457 

Bjerkandera     135 

adusta     135 

Blephariglottis     234 

ciliaris     234 

lacera     234 

peramoena    234 

psycodes     234 

Blepharostoma     165 

trichophyllum     165 

Blephilia      314 

ciliata     345 

liirsuta     344 

BOEHMERIA      243 

cylindrica     243 

cylindrica     scabra....  243 

Boletus    133 

affinis     134 

auriiiammeus     133 

bicolor     134 

chromapes     133 

chrysentron    134 

cyanescens     133 

edulis     134 

eximius     134 

gracilis      133 

nigrcUits     133 

parasiticus     134 

Ravenelii     134 

separans      134 

speciosus     134 

BoMBARDiA      93 

fasciculata    93 

BORAGINACEAE     ...  337 

BOTRYCHIUM        190 

Matricariae     190 

obliquum     190 

silaifolium      190 

ternatum      190 

ternatnin     australe.  .  .  190 

Virginianum     190 

BOTRYODIPLODIA       65   " 

Acerina     65 

BOTRYOSPHAERIA        96 

Araliae     97 

fuliginosa      63 

Hibisci     97 

pyriospora      97 

Quercuum     96 

BOTRYOSPORIUM        32 

pulchrum      32 

BOTRYTIS       33 

olivacea     33 

torta      33 

vulgaris     33 

BoviSTA     25 

lepidophora     25 

pila     25 


458 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


BOVISTELLA 

Ohioense 

BOYKINIA       . 


25 

2G9 

aconitifolia     269 

Brachychaeta     374 

cordata      374 

sphacelata     374 

Brachyelytrum     210 

aristatuin     210 

erectum     210 

erectum     glabratum..  210 

BRACHYTHECIACEAE 

189 

Brachythecium     189 

acuminatum      189 

digastrum      189 

luteum     189 

plumosum      189 

rivulare      189 

salebrosiDii      188 

Brassica     263 

arvensis     264 


nigra 


263 


Sinapistrtim     264 

BRASSICACEAE     ....  263 

Brauneria    382 

purpurea     382 

Bremia      27 

Lactucae      27 

Bromus     215 

cjliatus      215 

hordaceus    215 

intermis    215 

mollis     215 

racemosus    215 

secalinus     215 

Broomella     105 

Ravenelii     105 

Broussonetia     243 

papyrifera     243 

Brunella    342 

'c'ulgaris    342 

vulgaris    albiHora....  342 

BRYACEAE    179 

Bryum     179 

argenteum     179 

bimum     179 

caespiticium    179 

capillare     179 

intermedium   179 

proliferum     179 

pseudotriquetrum     ...  179 

fiyriforiuc     180 

roseuin     179 

Buchnera     354 

Americana    354 


Buellia     

colludens    

myriocarpa    

petraea    

Bulgaria    

inquinans    

BULGARIACEAE  .  . 
Bursa    

Bursa-pastoris    .... 

Butneria    

fertilis     

florida    

lacvigatus     

BUXACEAE    

Buxbaumia    

aphylla     

BUXBAUMI  ACE  AE . 
Cacalia    


atrit^licifolia 

reniformis     . 

suaveolcns    . 

CACTACEAE 

Caeoma    


nitens     

CAESALPINIACEAE. 
Calamagrostis    

cinnoides     

Calamintha     


Clinopodium     

vulgare     

CALICIACEAE    

Calicium    

subtile     

tigillare     

CALLITRICHACEAE  . 
Callitriche     

heterophylla    

Cai.ocera     

viscosa    

Calopogon     


pulchellus    

Calospora  

aculeans    

Rlioina     

Caltha    

palustris     

CALYCANTH ACE AE . 
Calycanthus     


fertilis    .  . 
floridus    . 
Calypogeia 


trichomanis  . 
Camarosporium 

Linderae  .  .  .  . 
Camassia     


Fraseri 


160 
160 
160 
160 
116 
116 
116 
266 
266 
261 
261 
261 
261 
296 
181 
181 
181 
386 
386 
386 
387 
309 
86 
86 
282 
211 
211 
345 
345 
345 
161 
161 
161 
161 

296 
296 
296 
149 
149 
236 
236 
102 
102 
102 
254 
254 
261 
261 
261 
261 
168 
168 
66 
66 
229 
229 


Camelina   266 

microcarpa  266 

sativa  266 

Campunula     364 

Americana    364 

aparinoides   364 

divaricata    364 

rotundifolia    364 

CAMPANULACEAK...  .364 

Camptosorus    193 

rhizoiihyllus    193 

Campylium     186 

chrysophyllum    186 

hispidulum    186 

tenellum    186 

Campylopus    175 

Hexuoiisus    175 

Cannabis   243 

sativa     243 

Cantiiarellus     126 

aurantiacus     126 

cibarius    126 

cinnabarinus     126 

floccosus    126 

infundibuliformis 126 

minor   126 

tubaeformis     126 

Wrightii     126 

Capnoides    262 

aureum    263 

flavulum    263 

sempervirens    262 

Capnodium    89 

pelliculosnin    89 

CAPPARIDACEAE.  ...  267 

CAPRIFOLI ACEAE. .  .  360 

Capsella     266 

Biirsn-pastoris    266 

Cardamine     265 

bulbosa     265 

birsuta     265 

parviflora     265 

Pennsylvanica    265 

pratensis    265 

purpurea    265 

rhomboidca   265 

rhomboidea  purpurea.  265 

rotundifolia     265 

CARDQACEAE   370 

Carduus    388 

altissimus     388 

arvensis     388 

discolor    388 

lanceolatus    388 

Muticus 388 

odoratur,    388 

Virginianus    388 


WEST   \"IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


459 


Carex     219 

amphibola     221 

AsaGrayi      219 

Baileyi     220 

Bicknellii     223 

brunnescens      223 

brunnescens  gracilior.  223 

canescens     vulgaris..  223 

cephalophora     223 

cotninunis     222 

costellata     220 

crinita    220 

crinita     X     prasina...  220 

dcbilis     Rudgei 221 

digitalis      221 

folliculata     219 

Frankii      220 

Fraseri      262 

glaucodea      221 

gracillima     221 

granularis    221 

Grayii    219 

grisea    angustifolia.  . .  221 

Hitchcockiana      221 

intumescens     219 

Jamesii      222 

laxiculmis    221 

laxiflora     221 

laxiflora     latifolia.  .  .  .  221 

laxiflora    patuliflora.  .  221 

Icptalca      222 

lupulina     220 

lurida     220 

Mulilenbergia     var. .  .  223 
Muhlenbergia    Xalapen- 

sis     223 

oblita      221 

oligocarpa     221 

pedicellata     222 

Pennsylvanica     221 

plantaginea     221 

platyphylla    221 

t'olytrichoidcs     S21 

prasina    220 

retroflexa      223 

rosea     222 

rosea    radiata 222 

scabrata     223 

scoparia     223 

Shortiana    220 

sparganoides     223 

squarrosa      220 

stcnolepis    220 

stipata      222 

straminea     223 

striata      220 

tentacula    220 

tenuis     221 


torta     

tribuloides     

tribuloides   turbata. 

triceps    

typhnoides     

utriculata    

varia     

venjtsta    minor     .  .  . 

virescens      

viresccns     costata.  . 

vulpinoidea     

Carpinus    

Caroliniana     

Carya     


alba    

amara     

microcarpa      

porcina    

sulcata    

tomcntosa      

CARYOPHYLLACEAE 
Caryospora      

putaminum     

Cassia     

Chamaecrista      

Marylandica     

Medsgeri    

nictitans    

nictitans     commixta.  . 
Castalia     

odorata    

Castanea       

dentata     

pumila     

vesca    Americana    .  .  . 
Castilleja     

coccinea     

Catalpa     

bignonioides    

Catalpa    

speciosa    

Catharinaea    

Angustata     

undulata     

Caulophyllum     

thalictroides     

Ceanothus     

Americanus     

Cedronella    


cordata     

CELASTRACEAE 
Celastrus     

scandens     

Celtis     

occidentalis     .  .  .  . 

pumila   


220 
223 
223 
220 
220 
220 
221 
221 
220 
220 
222 

239 
239 
237 
237 
237 
237 
237 
237 
237 

249 
102 
102 
282 
283 
282 
283 
283 
283 
252 
252 
240 
240 
240 
240 
354 
354 
356 
356 
356 
356 
182 
182 
182 
260 
260 
302 
302 
342 
342 
298 
299 
299 
242 
242 
242 


Cenangella  115 

Aceris   115 

Cenchrus     208 

tribuloides     208 

Centaurea     388 

nigra     388 

Cephalanthus     358 

occidentalis     358 

Cephalothecium     34 

roseum     34 

Cephalozia      167 

curvifolia    167 

lunulaefolia     167 

multiflora    107 

serriflora     167 

Virginiana    167 

Cerastium     250 

arvense      251 

longepedunculatum.  .  .  251 

nutans     251 

viscosum     251 

vulgatum     250 

Ceratiomyxa    29 

fruticulosal      29 

Ceratium      43 

hydtroides      43 

Ceratodon    173 

purpureas    173 

Cercis    282 

Canadensis      282 

Cercospora     38 

acalyphae      39 

ageratoides     39 

Ampelopsidis     39 

Anthelmintica    39 

Armoraciae     38 

Avicularis      38 

beticola      38 

Boehmeriae     38 

Caulophylli      38 

Chionanthi      39 

citrullina      40 

columnaris      40 

depazeoides     40 

Diantherae      38 

dubia      38 

granuliformis      38 

Kalmiae     39 

Menispermi     39 

oculata     38 

Oenotherae     39 

omphacodes     38 

Rubi     40 

septorioides     39 

Smilacina     40 

Smilacis     40 

Veronicae     38 

Yiolae     38 


460 

Ceriomyces    133 

affinis     134 

aurifiammeus      133 

bicolor     134 

chiomapes     133 

•     communis     134 

crassus      134 

crassus     separans....  134 

eximius .  134 

parasiticus      134 

speciosus 134 

Cerrena      140 

unicolor     140 

Cetraria     151 

aurescens     151 

ciliaris     151 

Islandica      151 

lacunosa      151 

Oakesiana    spinulosa.  .  151 

Chaerophyllum     318 

procumbens     318 

Chaetochloa     208 

glauca 208 

imberbis     208 

Italica     208 

viridis     208 

Chamaecrista   283 

nictitans    commixta...  283 

Chamaelirium     226 

luteum     226 

Chamaenerion     311 

angustifoHum      311 

Chamaesyce      294 

glyptosperma 

pubescens    294 

maculata     294 

Preslii      294 

Cheilanthes     192 

Feci     192 

lanosa     192 

lanuginosa    192 

tomentosa     192 

vestita     192 

Cheilolejeunea     170 

phyllobola     170 

Chelidonium     262 

majus     262 

Chelonb     351 

glabra     351 

obliqua     351 

CHENOPODIACEAE  247 

Chenopodium     247 

album      247 

album     viride 247 

ambrosioides     247 

anthelminticum      ....  247 

Botrys      247 

glaucum     247 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 

hybridum      247 

murale     247 

urbicum     247 

Chilocyphus     166 

pallescens     J.66 

polyanthus    166 

Chimaphila     321 

maculata     322 

umbellata     321 

Chiogenes    326 

hispidula     326 

Chionanthus    329 

Virginica     329 

Chlorosplenium    112 

aeruginosum     112 

Schweinitzii      112 

versiforme     112 

Chondrilla    366 

juncea      366 

Chrosperma     226 

muscaetoxicum     226 

Chrysanthemum      ....  385 

Leucanthemura    385 

Chrysogonum    380 

Virginianum     380 

Chrysopogon   205 

avenaceum^     205 

nutans     205 

Chrysopsis     372 

mariana     372 

Chrysosplenium    269 

Americanum     269 

ClBARIA        109 

jviglandis     109 

CICHORIACEAE    366 

Cichorium     366 

Intybus     366 

CiCUTA     319 

bulbifera     319 

maculata      319 

Cimicifuga    255 

Americana    255 

racemosa     255 

CiNNA    210 

arundinacea     210 

latifolia      2l0 

pendula     210 

Circaea     313 

alpinai'     313 

Lutetiana    313 

Cirriphyllum     190 

Bosci    190 

CiRSiuM 388 

pumilum    383 

Cissus    303 

CISTACEAE     306 

CiTRULLUS      363 


Citrullus      363 

vulgaris     363 

Cladonia     157 

caespiticia     158 

cariosa     157 

coccifera     pleurota...  157 

cristatella     158 

deformis     157 

delicata      158 

fimbriata    157 

fimbriata    tubaeformis  157 

furcata    racemosa....  153 

gracilis     157 

gracilis    verticillata.  .  .  157 

macilenta     158 

mitrula     157 

papillaria     158 

polycdrpa    epiphylla..  157 

pulchella 158 

pyxidiata      157 

rangiferina     158 

sobolescens    158 

squamosa     158 

squamosa  denticollis.  .  158 

strepsilis     157 

subcariosa     157 

sylvatica     laxiuscula. .  157 

sylvestris     158 

turgida      157 

uncialis      158 

verticillata      157 

CLADONIACEAE     ...  157 

Cladosporium     36 

corynitrichum     36 

epimyces    36 

epiphyllum    36 

herbarium     36 

herbarium    fasciculare  36 

nigrellum     36 

Triostei     36 

Clasterosporium     37 

cornutum     37 

sigmoideum     37 

Clauoopus    ^  130 

byssisedus     130 

variabilis   130 

Clavaria     148 

amythistina     148 

flaccida    148 

formosa    148 

fusciformis     148 

juncea     149 

mucida     149 

pyxidata     148 

CLAVARIACEAE     ...  148 

Claytonia    249 

Caroliniana     24S 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


461 


Virginica     249 

Clematis    257 

ovata    258 

VerticiUais     258 

Viorna    258 

Virginian  a      257 

Cleome    267 

pungens     267 

spinosa     267 

Clethra    321 

acuminata    321 

CLETHRACEAE    321 

CLIMACIACEAE    ....  182 

Climacium     182 

Americanum     182 

Americanum  Kind- 

bergii     182 

Clinopodium     345 

Calamintha    345 

vulgare     345 

Clintonia'    229 

borealis     220 

umbellulata     230 

Clitocybe     122 

candicans     122 

ceru?sata     122 

cyathiformis      122 

dealbata     122 

illudens     122 

infundibuliformis    .  .  .  122 

laccata     122 

nebularis    122 

odora     122 

Clitopilus    129 

abortfvus   129 

orcella     129 

prunulus    129 

Coenogonium    159 

interpositum     159 

COLEOSPORIUM     84 

Campanulae     85 

Helianthi     85 

Ipomoeae     84 

Senecionis     84 

-SoHdaginis    85 

Sonchi     84 

Vernoniae     84 

Collema     155 

flaccidum     155 

myochroum     155 

COLLEMACEAE     ....  154 

COLLETOTRICHUM       74 

lagenarium     74 

Lindemuthianum    ....  74 

lineola     74 

COLLINSIA       351 

verna      851 


I    COLLINSONIA       

Canadensis     

COLLYBIA    

butyracea     

cirrhata    

confluens    

conigenoides    

dryophila     

maculata     

platyphylla    

radicata     

stipitaria     

velutipes     

CoLLYBIDIUM       

velutipes     

COLLYBIOPSIS      

ramealis     

COLOLEJEUNEA      

Biddlecomiae     .  .  .  . 

COMATRICHA        

Friesiana     

COMMELINA      

\'irginica    

COMMELINACEAE 
COMPOSITAE    

COMPTONIA      , 

peregrina     

CONIOPHORA        

olivacea    

CONIOSPORIUM      

Harknesioides     .  .  .  . 

CONIOTHYRIUM      

concentricum    

Fuckelii    

Pirina    

CONOCEPHALUM       


conicum     

CONOCEPHALUS      

conicus     

CONOCYEE       

hypnorum     

tener     

CONOPHOLIS     

Americana     

CONVALLARIA       

majalis     

CONVALLARIACEAE 
CONVOLVULACEAE. 
Convolvulus   

repens  

Sepium  

spithameus   

COPRINUS  

angulatus  

domesticus  

ephemerus  

micaceus  


347 

347 

122 

122 

122 

122 

122 

122 

122 

122 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

127 

127 

170 

170 

30 

30 

225 

225 

224 

366 

239 

239 

148 

148 

34 

34 

63 

63 

63 

63 

163 

163 

163 

163 

130 

130 

130 

355 

355 

231 

231 

229 

333 

334 

334 

334 

334 

132 

133 

132 

133 

132 


semilanatus  133 

variegatus   I32 

CoPTis  254 

trifolia     254 

CORALLORHIZA      236 

Corallorhiza    236 

innata     236 

multiflora    236 

odontorrhiza     236 

CORDYCEPS     105 

militaris     105 

ophioglossoides    106 

parasitica     106 

COREMA        296 

Conradi    296 

Coreopsis     333 

auriculata    383 

lanceolata    villosa....  383 

major   333 

major  stellata 383 

pubescens    383 

scnifolia     333 

stellata     383 

trichosperma     384 

tripteris     384 

CORIOLELLUS       139 

Sepium    139 

CORIOLUS     138 

abietinus    138 

nigromarginatus     ....  139 

prolificans     138 

pubescens     138 

veriscolor    138 

CORNACEAE     320 

CORNUS     320 

alternifolia    32o 

Amomum     320 

Canadensis    320 

candidissima     320 

circinata    320 

florida     320 

paniculafa     320 

scricea     320 

stolonifera     320 

CORTICIUM     146 

alboflavescens     146 

arachnoideum     146 

colliculosum    147 

globiferuni     146 

incarnatum    147 

leptaleum     147 

leve     146 

lilacino-fuscum     147 

lilacinum     147 

Martianum    147 

Oakesii     146 

ochraceuni     147 


462 

Petersii      

prasinum     

radiosum      

salicinum     

scutellave     

subgiganteum     

CORTINARIUS      

armihatus    

caerulescens    

cinnamomeus    

pholideus     

purpurascens    

rodes    

torvus     

violaceus    

CORYLUS     

Americana    

rostrata    

CORYNE      

sarcoides      

urnalis   

CORYNEUM        

cupulatum   

pustulatum    

COTINUS      

cotinoides    

Cracca     

Virginiana     

CRASSULACEAE  .  . . 
Crataegus    

amara     

apiifolia   

Brownii     

coccinea     

coccinca     mollis.  .  .  . 

cordata     

Crus-galli     

flava   

foetida   

Holmesiana     

macrantha     

macrosperma   forma 

Margaretta    

mollis     

Oxyacantha     

pan'iflora    

pausiaca     

pruniosa    

punctata     

Roanensis    

rotundifolia    

spatlnilata    

straminea    

succulenta   

tomentosa    

uniflora    

Craterocolla 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


147 
147 
146 

146 
147 
147 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
239 
239 
239 
116 
116 
116 
75 
75 
75 
297 
297 
286 
286 
268 
280 
280 
281 
280 
281 
281 
281 
281 
281 
280 
280 
280 
280 
280 
281 
281 
281 
280 
280 
281 
280 
282 
280 
280 
280 
281 
281 
149 


clavus     149 

Creonectria     103 

coccinea     104 

purpurea    103 

Crepidotus   130 

applanatus     131 

calolepis     131 

fuk'otomcntosns     ....  131 

herbarum     131 

malachius    131 

putrigenus     131 

versutus     131 

Crepis    368 

capillaris    36S 

Cribaria    30 

aurantiaca   30 

Crinipellus     122 

stipitaria    122 

Crucibulum     24 

vulgare     24 

CRUCIFERAE     263 

Cryptosporella   97 

coinpacta     97 

Cryptospora 103 

cinctula    103 

femoralis     103 

trichospora      103 

Cryptotaenia     319 

Canadensis    319 


CUBELIUM 

concolor 


309 
309 


CucuMis    363 

Melo     363 

CuCURBITA      363 

ovifera     363 

CUCURBITACEAE    .  .  363 

CUCURBITARIA       103 

elongata     103 

Fraxini    103 

CUNILA     346 

Mariana     346 

origanoides   346 

CUPHAEA     310 

viscosissima    310 

CuscuTA    335 

arvensis     335 

Epithymvim   335 

glomcrata    335 

Gronovii    335 

paradoxa   335 

trifolii    335 

CUSCUTACEAE     ....  335 

Cyathicula    Ill 

quisquillaris     HI 

Cylindrocolla    45 

dendroctonii    45 

flagellaris     46  I 


lactca   46 

Cylindrosporium    74 

Crategi     74 

Toxicodendri    71 

Cylindrothecium    ....  184 

cladorrhisans    184 

scductrix     184 

Cymbalaria    351 

Cymbalaria    351 

Cymbella     28 

gastroides    ~8 

turgida   28 

Cynoctonum    329 

Mitreola     329 

Cynoglossum     337 

officinale     337 

Virginicum    337 

Cynosurus    214 

cristatus     21'1 

CYPERACEAE    217 

Cyperus    217 

diandrus      217 

esculentus   217 

filiculmis      217 

flavescens    217 

Lancastriensis     217 

ovularis     ■^^' 

refractus     217 

retrofractus      217 

rivularis     217 

strigosus      217 

Cypripedium      233 

acaule     233 

hirsutum      233 

parviflorum     233 

pubcsccns    233 

Cystopteris    196 

bulbifera    196 

fragilis     196 

Cystopus     26 

Bliti    26 

candidus      26 

Ipomoeae-panduratae.  26 

Portulacae     20 

Tragopogonis      26 

Cytisus     284 

OQ  J. 

scopanus     ~o* 

Cytospora     '^9 

Betulina     61 

carphosperma     61 

caryigena     60 

Celtidis    o9 

ceratophora     61 

coccinea     61 

Curryi      "1 

exasperans      59 

Halesiae    59 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


leucosperma     61 

leucostoma- 59 

orthospora     61 

Persicae     GO 

Platani     61 

Rhoina     60 

Rhois-hirtae    60 

Salicis 61 

Sassafras     60 

tumulosa      60 

Cytosporella     59 

carnea    59 

Dacryomyces     150 

corticioides     150 

deliquescens      150 

minor 150 

stellatus     150 

Syringae    150 

Dactylis     214 

glomerata      314 

Dactylium   34 

dendroides    34 

Dactyloctenium    213 

Aegyptium    213 

Daedalia     140 

Aesculi     140 

ambig'iia     140 

confragosa    140 

nnicolor     .  ., 140 

Dalibarda     376 

repens    376 

Daldinia     96 

concentrica     96 

vernicosa     96 

Danthonia     213 

compressa    212 

spicata    212 

Dasyscypha    113 

Ellisiana    113 

luteola    113 

virginea     113 

Dasystoma     353 

flava   353 

laevigata    353 

Pedicularia     353 

Virginica     353 

Datura    349 

Stramonium     349 

Tatula    349 

Daucus   315 

Carota    315 

Carota   rosea    315 

Delphinium    255 

Ajacis    255 

consolida     256 

tricorne    255 

tricorne    albiflora     .  .  .  255 


DEMATIACEAE     

Dendrodochium    

affine    

rubellum  microsporum 
Dendrophoma    

Therryana     

Dennstaedtia    

piinctilobula    

Dentaria    

diphylla      

heterophylla     

laciniata     

faciniata    integrifolia. 

laciniata  multifida  .  . 
Deringa    

Canadensis    

Dermatba     

Chionanthi    

lobata     

Rubi     

DERMATEACEAE  .  . 
Dermatella   

viticola     

Desmatodon     

Porteri     

Desmodium    


acuminatum    

Canadense    

canesccns    

ciliare     

cuspidatum    

Dillenii    

laevigatum    

lineatiim    

Marylandicum    .  .  . 

nudiflorum    

ochroleiicum     .  .  .  . 

paniculatum    

paiiciflorwn    

rigidum     

rotitndifolium     .  .  . 
Diachea    

leucopoda    

Dianthera    

Americana     

Dianthus     

Armeria     

DIAPENSIACEAE 
Diaporthe    

Araliae     

Aceris    

aculeata     

cercophora     

Gladioli    

Halesiae    

Hydrangae    

obscura      


34 
44 
44 
44 
56 
56 
196 
196 
265 
365 
366 
266 
266 
266 
319 
319 
115 
115 
115 
115 
115 
114 
114 
177 
177 
287 
287 
288 
288 
288 
288 
288 
388 
389 
289 
287 
288 
288 
287 
288 
288 
30 
30 
356 
356 
250 
250 
837 


99 
100 
99 
98 
98 
99 
100 


99 

99 

99 

100 

313 
diandra    213 


oncostoma 
sociata    .... 
Tetrapterae 
rostellata 
Diarrhena   .  . 


DIATOMACEAE  .  . . 
Diatrype    

platystoma     

Stigma     

virescens     

Diatrypella     

verruciformis 

DiCHROPHYLLUM     294 

marginatum    294 

DiCKSONIA     196 


punctilobiila      196 

DICRANACEAE    173 

DiCRANELLA      173 

heteromala    173 

rufescens     173 

varia     173 

DiCRANODONTIUM      174 

denudatum      174 

Millspaughii     175 

Virginicus     174 

DiCRANUM       174 

Drummondii     174 

flagellare     174 

fulvum     174 

fuscesens     174 

longifolium      174 


174 

174 

97 

97 

29 


montanum     

scoparium    

DiDYMELLA       

Physocarpl    

DiDYMIUM      

squamulosum    29 

DiERVILLA     362 

Diervilla    362 

trifida     362 

Digitalis    354 

purpurea    354 

DiMEROSPORIUM       89 

Collinsii   89 

Galactis   89 

DiNEMASPORIUM      71 

hispidulum    71 

DiODiA     359 

teres     359 

DiOSCOREA 233 

glauca    233 

villosa    333 

DIOSCOREACEAE    .  .  232 

DiosPYROS     328 

Virginiana    328 


464 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


DiPHYSCIUM       181 

foliosHin    181 

DiPLODIA      63 

atrata     64 

caryigena     64 

Cercidis   64 

ilicicola     64 

infuscans     «■! 

inquinans    64 

Juglandis     64 

Liriodendri   63 

Maydis     64 

paraphysata     65 

Rubi     64 

Salicina   63 

viticola     64 

DiPLOPHYLLEIA      169 

taxifolia     169 

DiPLOPHYLLUM      169 

taxifolium     169 

DIPSACACEAE     363 

DiPSAcus   363 

sylvestris     363 

DiRCA     309 

palustris    309 

DiscosiA    71 

Artoceras    71 

maculicola     71 

rugulosa    71 

DispoRUM    230 


lanuginosum 


230 


DiTRICHUM       173 

pallidum    173 

tortile     173 

DODECATHEON       328 

Meadia     328 

DOELLINGERIA      378 

infirma     378 

umbellata    378 

DOTHIDACEAE     ....  106 

DOTHIDELLA        106 

Ulmae     106 

DOTHIORELLA      58 

Asiminae 58 

glandulosa     58 

minor     58 

Draba    266 

ramosissima    266 

verna    266 

Drosera     267 

rotundifolia    267 

DROCERACEAE     267 

Drummondia    177 

clavellata     177 

DRUPACEAE     282 


Drymocallis    

arguta    

Dryopteris     

cristata     

Filix-mas     

fragrans    

Goldieana     

marginalis   

Noveboracensis    

simulata     

spinulosa     

spinulosa     intermedia 

spinulosa    dilatata     .  . 

Thelypteris     

Duchesnea    

Indica      

DULICHIUM     

arundinaceum     

spathaceum     

Durella    

commutata    

Eatonia    

nitida     

obtusata     

Pennsylvanica    

EBENACEAE  

Echinacea    


purpurea     

EcHINOCHLOA       

Criis-galli    

Walteri    

Echinospermum    

Virginicvm     

Echium     

vulgare    

ECLIPTA      

alba    

erecta     

proctimbens    

Eleocharis    

acicularis     

obtusa    

ovata     

palustris    

palustris   glaucescens. 

tenuis    

tricostata     

tuberculosa     

Elephantopus     

Carolinianus     

tomentosus    

Eleusine    

Indica    

Elfvingia     

fomentaria    

megaloma  


276 
276 
194 
195 
195 
194 
195 
195 
194 
195 
194 
194 
195 
194 

276 
276 
217 
217 
217 
117 
117 
213 
213 
213 
213 
32S 
382 
382 
208 
208 
208 
338 
338 
339 
339 
381 
881 
381 
381 
218 
218 
218 
218 
218 
218 
218 
218 
218 
370 
370 
371 
212 
212 
137 
137 
137 


Elodea     203 

Canadensis     .: 203 

Elymus     216 

Canadensis  glauci- 

folius   216 

hirsutiglumis    216 

intermedius     216 

striatus    216 

striatus    villosus    ....  216 

Virginicus     216 

EMPETRACEAE     296 

Empusa    27 

Grylli     27 

muscae     27 

Encalypta    176 

streptocarpa    176 

ENCALYPTACEAE   ..  176 

Endocarpon     162 

miniatum     162 

miniatum     com- 

plicatum     162 

miniatum  Muhlen- 

bergii      162 

Entodon    184 

cladorrhizans     184 

paJatintts     183 

seductrix     184 

ENTODONACEAE     . .  183 

Entoloma     129 

rhodopolia     129 

sericea      129 

sericella     129 

strictior     129 

ENTOMOPHTHOR- 

ACEAE     27 

Entomosporium    71 

maculatum    71 

Entyi.oma     77 

Floerkeae    77 

Menispermi     77 

Ephebe   157 

lanata     157 

pitbescens    157 

Ephemerum    178 

crassinervium     178 

Epicoccum    48 

Duriaeanum    48 

neglectum    48 

jiurpurascens    48 

Epidochium   48 

melanochlorum     48 

Epifagus     355 

Virginiana    355 

Epigaea     325 

repens    325 

Epilobium    311 

adenocaulon      311 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


465 


coloratum    

lineare     

spicatum    

EQUISETACEAE 
Equisetum   

arvense    

hyemale     

laevigatum    

sylvaticum     

Eragrostis   

capillaris    

Eragrostis     

Frankii    

hypnoides    

major     

minor     


pectinacea     

pilosa     

Purshii     

reptans    

Erechtites    

hieracifolia     

ERICACfiAE    

Erigenia     

bulbosa    

Erigeron     

annuus     

hellidif  alius    

Philadelphicus    

pulchellus    

ramosus 

strigosus    

Erinella     

minioposis     

Eriogonum     

Alleni     

Eriophorum    

Virginicum     

Eryngium     

aquaticum     

yitccaefolium    

Erysimum    

cheiranthoides    

Erysiphe    

aggregata    

Cichoriacearum    

communis    

graminis    

Liriodendri     

Polygont    

Erythronium    

albidum    

Americanum   

EUONYMIJS     

Americanus    

Americanus    obovatus 

atropurpureus    


311 
311 

311 

197 
197 
197 
197 
197 
197 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
213 
386 
386 
322 
320 
320 
377 
377 
377 
377 
377 
377 
377 
114 
114 
245 
245 
219 
219 
318 
318 
318 
267 
267 


89 
89 
228 
229 
228 
298 
299 
299 
298 


obovatus  

EUPATORIUM     

ageratoides     

altissimum     

aromaticum     

coelestinum     

hyssopifolium     

maculatum    

maculatum  amoenum . 

perfoliatum     

pubescens    

purpureum    

sessilifolium    

trifoliatum    

Euphorbia     


conumitata    

corollata    

Cyparissias     

Darlingtonii    

dentata    

glyptosperma   pubes- 
cens     

Lathyrus     

maciilata     

marginata    

obtusata     

Preslii    

EUPHORBIACEAE    . 

EUROTIUM       

•  herbariorum    

EUTHAMIA       

Caroliniana     

graminifolia     

EUTYPA    

milliaria     

spinosa     

EUTYPELLA     

densissima     

Platani     

rugiella 

stellulata     

Evernia     , 

furfviracea     

EXCIPULACEAE  ... 
Exidia     

alba    

glandulosa    

ExoAscus    

deformans     

Pruni     

Exobasidium    

Rhododendri     

FABRONIACEAE     .  , 

FAGACEAE    

Faggpyrum     

esculentum    

Fagopyrum  


299 
371 
371 
371 
371 
372 
371 
371 
371 
371 
371 
371 
371 
371 
294 
295 
294 
295 
295 
295 

294 
295 
294 
294 
295 
294 
294 


374 

374 

374 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

152 

152 

71 

149 

149 

149 

lis 

118 
118 
14§ 
148 
183 
240 
246 
246 
246 


Fagus     240 

j\mericana    240 

ferruginea     240 

Falcata     290 

comosa     290 

Favolus     141 


Europaeus    141 

Festuca     215 

elatior    215 

nutans    215 

octoflora    215 

ovina    215 

pratensis     215 

tenella   215 

Ficus 242 

carica     242 

FILICES      191 

FiLix    196 

bulbifera     196 

fragilis     196 

Fimbristylis  218 

autumnalis    218 

FiSSIDENS    176 

adiantoides    176 

decipiens     176 

minutulus    176 

obtusilonus     176 

subbasilaris 176 

FISSIDENTACEAE  ..  176 

FiSTULINA       134 

hepatfca     134 

Flammula    130 

flavida    130 

Floerkea    296 

proserpinacoides    ....  296 

Fomes    137 

applanatus  137 

carneus    138 

fomentarins    137 

lucidus     137 

pinicola    137 

rimosus    137 

roseus    138 

ungulatus    137 

volvatus    137 

FONTINALACEAE    .  .  182 

FONTINALIS 182 

Dalecarlica    182 

Fossombrgnia    165 

Wondraczeckii   165 

Fragaria 276 

Indica    276 

vesca    276 

Virginiana     276 

Fraxinus    328 

Americana    328 

lanceolata    328 


466 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


nigra 


328 


171 
171 


Pennsylvanica    328 

pubescens    328 

sambucifolia   328 

viridis    328 

Frullania    l'''! 

Asa-Grayana     1~1^ 

Brittonae     1"! 

eboracensis    

plana    

riparia    I'i^l 

squarrosa     l'''! 

FUMARIA    263 

officinalis     363 

FUNARIA    l''^8 

flavicans    ■'''S 

hygrometrica    1"S 

hygrometrica  patula 

FUNARIACEAE    . . . 

FUSARIUM     

aleurinum     

culmorum    

Oxydendri     47 

roseum     47 

sarcochroum     47 

Solani    47 

FucospORiA     135 

viticola     135 

FUSICLADIUM     35 

dendriticum     35 

\^irginiense     36 

FusicoccuM      58 


178 

178 

47 

47 

47 


triflorum    

Ganoderma     

Tsugae     

Gaultheria     

probumbens  .  .  .  . 
Gaura      

biennis     

Gaylussacia     

dumosa    

frondosa      

resinosa     

Geaster     

hygrometricus    .  .  . 

mammosus      

GeLATI  NOSPORU  M 

Betulinum     

Gentiana      

Andrewsii     

flavida     

linearis    

quinqucflora     .  .  . 

quinquefolia 

Saponaria     

GENTIANACEAE 
Geocalyx    


58 
58 
290 
290 
327 
327 


Ilicinum     

nervicolum    

Galactia     

regularis     

Galax      

aphylla    

Gai-EOPSis    343 

Tetrahit     343 

Galeorchis    234 

spectabilis     234 

Galera    130 

hypnoruin      130 

tener    130 

Galinsoga     384 

parviflora     384 

Galium     359 

Aparine     359 

asprelUim    360 

circaezans     359 

Claytoni     359 

concinnum      360 

lanceolatum     359 

latifolium      360 


pilosum 


359 


trifidum     360 


graveolcns     .  .  .  ■ 
Geoglossum     .  .  .  . 

glabrum     

Geopyxis     

carbonaria     .  .  .  . 

cupularis     

nebulosa      

Georgia     

pellucida      

GEORGIACEAE 
GERANIACEAE 
Geranium     

Carolinianum     . 

maculatum 

Robertianum     .  . 
Gerardia     

auriculata      .  .  .  . 

f!ava     

laevigata     

pavipercula 

pedicularia    ...  • 

qncrcifolia     .  .  . 

tenuifolia    .... 
Geum     

album     

Canadense     .  .  . 

flavuin      

rivale     

vernum      

Virginianum     . 
Gibberella     . . . . 

pnlicaris  


359 
137 
137 
325 
325 
313 
313 
325 
325 
325 
325 
24 
24 
24 
09 
69 
330 
330 
330 
330 
330 
330 
330 
330 
167 
167 
110 
110 
108 
108 
108 
108 
181 
181 
181 
290 
290 
291 
290 
291 
354 
354 
353 
353 
354 
353 
353 
354 
277 

277 
277 
277 
277 
277 
105 
105 


Saiihinctii      105 

Gifola  378 

Germanica     378 

Gili.enia     273 

stipiilacea      273 

trifoliata     273 

Glaucium     262 

Glaucium     262 

Glecoma      342 

hederacea    342 

Gleditsia     283 

triacanthos     283 

Gloeophyllum    128 

hirsutum     128 

trabeum     128 

Gloeoporus    141 

conchoides     141 

Gloeosporium    "1 

Alni     ~2 

aridum     'i~ 

betularum     

cylindrospermum 
nervisequum     .... 

Robergi    '^~ 

rubicolnm     72 

Rumicis      ' " 

Sanguinariae      '''1 

venetum      '''2 

Glomerella     66 

rufomaculani     66 

Glonium     118 

parvulum     US 

simtilans      US 

stellatiim     US 

Glyceria     214 

214 

215 

379 


72 
72 
72 


Canadensis     

nervaita     

Gnaphalium    

decurrens      379 

Germaiiicttni     378 

obtusifolium      379 

polyeephaluin     379 

purpureum     379 

uliginosum      379 

Gnomonia     96 

Ulmea      90 

Gnomoniella     96 

Coryli     96 

fimbriata     96 

Gonatobotryum    35 

maculicolum     35 

GONOLOBUS      333 

laevis     333 

G00DYER.\     235 

pubescens      235 

repcns      235 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


467 


GORGONICEPS       

Gueinisaci     

GRAMINEAE  .  . . 
Grandinia     

crustosa     

granulosa    

GRAPHIDACEAE 
Graphiola    

Phoenicis     

Gr.\phis    

dendritica    

elegans     

scripta     

scripta  recta  . .  . 
Gratiola     

sphaerocarpa    .  .  . 

Virginiana    

Grifola     

Berkeleyi     -. 


ramosissima    

Grimmia     

apocarpa      

GRIMMIACEAE     

GROS'SULARIACEAE 
Guepinia    

spathularia    

Gymnadeniopsis    

clavellata     

GYMNOASACEAE  . . 
Gymnocladus    

Canadensis     

dioica     

Gymnoconia    

interstitialis      

Gymnopus     

radicata     

Gymnosporangium 

clavariiforme     

corniculans     ^ 

germinale      

globosum     

Juniperinum     

Juniperi-V'irginiauiae. 

macropus     

Nidus-avis     

Gyromitra    

curtipes      

Gyroporus    

cyanesocns      

Gyrostachys      

cerniia     

gracilis     

Habenaria     

ciliarls     

Hava     

lacera     

orhicularia     


110 

110 

203 

144 

144 

144 

160 

77 

77 

161 

161 

161 

161 

161 

352 

352 

352 

136 

136 

136 

177 

177 

177 

270 

150 

150 

234 

234 

118 

283 

283 

283 

86 

86 

123 

123 

83 

83 

83 

84 

83 

83 

S3 

83 

83 

107 

107 

133 

133 

235 

235 

235 

234 

234 

234 

234 

234 


pcramoena 

I'sycodes    . 

tridentata 
Hainesia     .  . 

Rubi     

Halesia     . .  . 


tctraptera    

HAMAMELIDACEAE 
Hamamelis     

Virginiana     

Haplopilus    

gilvus     

licnoides    

rutilans      

Haplosporella    

Araliae      

Celtidis      

Harpalejeunea     

ovata    

Harpanthus    

scutatus     

Harperhlla      

vivipara     

Hedeoma     

pulegioides     

Hedwioia     

ciliata     

ciliata    secunda    

HEDWIGIACEAE     . .  . 
Helenium    

autuninale     

Helianthemum    

majus     

Helianthus     

decapetalus     

divaricatus      

doronicoides     

giganteus     

grosseserratus      

hirsutus     

laetiflorus      

laevigatus    

microcephalus     

occidentalis     

occidentalis     Dowell- 
ianus    

parvifloriis    

strumosus     

tomentosus     

tracheliifolius     

Heliopsis     

helianthoides     

laevis     

scabra      

Helminthosporium     . . 

attenuatum     

brachypus  


234 
234 
234 
71 
71 
328 
328 
271 
271 
271 
136 
136 
136 
136 
63 
63 
63 
170 
170 
167 
167 
317 
317 
345 
345 
182 
182 
182 
182 
385 
385 
306 
306 
383 
383 
389 
382 
382 
382 
382 
382 
382 
382 
382 

382 

382 

383 

382 

383 

381 

381 

381 

381 

37 

37 

37 


folliculatum  37 

fuscifonne  38 

niacrocarpon  37 

persistens   37 

septemseptatuni   ....  37 

Heliotiella  113 

Nuttallii     113 

Helotium     110 

castaneum     Ill 

citrinum      Ill 

C)onfluens\     110 

epiphyllum      Ill 

fraternum      Ill 

fructigenum      Ill 

herbarum     110 

lacteum    110 

phyllophilum     Ill 

Heliotropium      337 

Indicum     337 

Heliscus   46 

Lugdunensis     46 

Helleborus    254 

viridis     254 

Helvella     107 

crispa    107 

macropus     107 

HELVELLACEAE    ...  107 

Memerocallis    227 

fulva    227 

Hemiarcyria    31 

clavata 31 

rubiformis     31 

stipata    31 

Hendersonia    65 

Desmazieri    65 

Lirella    

Hepatica     

acuta    257 

Hepatica    257 

HEPATICAE    163 

Heracleum     317 

lanatum   317 

Herbertia     169 

adunca    169 

Hercospora ^S 

Tiliae   98 

Hericium    142 

coralloides     142 

croceum     142 

erinaceus     1^2 

Herpotrichia    102 

diffusa    102 

Hbsperis    267 

matronalis    267 

Heucher.\     270 

Americana    270 

parviflora     270 

pubescens    270 


6.) 
9.i7 


468 

Rugelii 270 

villosa    270 

Hexagonia    141 

alveolaris     141 

Hexastylis    244 

Shuttleworthii    244 

Virginica    244 

Hibiscus  304 

Moscheutos 304 

Trionum    304 

HicoRiA   237 

alba    237 

cordiformis    237 

glabra    237 

laciniosa    237 

microcarpa    237 

ovata    237 

HiERACIUM    368 

Alleghaniense     368 

Canadense 368 

Gronovii    368 

longipilum     368 

paniculatum    368 

scabrum 368 

venosum    368 

HiRMEOLA      149 

Auricula-Judae  149 

HoLcus    211 

lanatus 211 

HOLWAYA 117 

ophiobolus  117 

HOMALOCENCHRUS     209 

oryzoides 209 

Virginicus  209 

HOMALOTHECIELLA       ....  190 

subcapillata 190 

HOOKERIA    184 

Sullivantii   184 

HOOKERIACEAE    ...  184 

HOROMYCES     150 

fragiformis   150 

HOUSTONIA    357 

ciliolata   358 

coerulea     357 

coerulea  albiflora 358 

longifolia 358 

purpurea    358 

purpurea    calycosa. .  .  .  358 

serpylHfolia 358 

tenuifolia 358 

HUMARIA    109 

avaneosa   109 

cestrica    100 

echinosperma    100 

Gerardii   109 

HuMULUs    243 

Lupulus   243 

HYDNACEAE    142 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLOR.'\. 

Hydnellum    143 

Nuttallii    143 

velutinum    143 

Hydnum    142 

adiistum 142 

cinnabarinum    142 

coralloides 142 

croceum 142 

erinaceum   143 

imbricatum    143 

ochraccum 142 

repandum    142 

velutinum    143 

Hydrangea   270 

arborescens   270 

arborescens  Kanawha- 

na) 270 

Hydrastis 254 

Canadensis    254 

HYDKOCHARITA- 

CEAE    203 

Hydrocotyle    319 

Americana 319 

HYDROPHYLLACEAE  336 

Hydrophyllum   336 

appendiculatuni    337 

Canadense     337 

macrophyllum 336 

Virginicum    337 

Hygrophorus  124 

ceraceus 124 

coccineus   124 

conicus 124 

laetus  124 

miniatus 124 

nitidus   124 

pratensis    124 

psittacinus 124 

virgineus   124 

Hylocomium    187 

brevirostrum     187 

pcrietinum     187 

rugosum    187 

Hymenochaete    146 

corrugata     146 

rubiginosa     146 

Tabacina    146 

unicolor     146 

Hymenula    45 

cerealis    45 

HYPERICACEAE 304 

Hypericum     305 

adpressum     305 

Canadense     305 

densiflorum     305 

ellipticum    305 

gymnanthum     305 

maculatum     305 


mutilum     305 

perforatum    305 

prolificum     305 

punctatum     305 

Sarothra    306 

virgatum     acuti  folium  305 

Virginicum      306 

Hyphelia     48 

terrestris    48 

Hypholoma    132 

appendiculatum    132 

Candolleanum     132 

elaeoides    132 

fascicularis     132 

lachrymabunda     132 

sublateritium     132 

HYPHOMYCETACEAE  31 

HYPNACEAE    185 

Hypnum    187 

crista-castrense    188 

cupressiforme  188 

ciirvifolium     188 

demissum     188 

denticulatum     187 

Haldanianum     188 

hians    188 

hispidulum    186 

imponens   188 

microcarpum     188 

molle    187 

palustre     187 

patientae    187 

plumosum    188 

proliferum     188 

recurirans    189 

reptile     188 

rutabulum     188 

Shreberi     187 

splendens     188 

triquetrum     188 

i:ncinatum     188 

Hypochaeris    366 

radicata    366 

Hypocrea    104 

lenta     104 

patella    104 

Schweinitsii    104 

tenerrima    104 

Virginiensis    104 

HYPOCREACEAE    ...  103 

Hypocreopsis     105 

lichenoides    105 

riccioides     105 

Hypoderma     119 

commune     119 

Desmazieri    119 

virgultorum     119 

Hypomyces     103 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


469 


aurantius     103 

rosellus    103 

Hypopitys     322 

Hypopitys    322 

Hypoxis    232 

erecta     232 

hirsuta     232 


Hypoxylon     .  . 
atroviride     . . 
coccineum    .. 
colliculosum 
fiiscum     .  . . . 
Howeianum 
multiforme    . 
Nuttallii     .  .  . 
perforatum    . 
rubiginosum 
Sassafras    . . 
stigmateum 


Hypsilophora     150 

fragiformis   150 

HYSTERIACEAE    ....  118 

Hysterium     118 

Kalmiae     118 

Hysterographium    ....  118 

insidens     118 

Mori     118 

subrugosum     118 

Hystrix     210 

Hystrix    216 

Ilex    298 

mollis   298 

monticola     298 

opaca    298 

verticillata     298 

Ilicioides    29S 

mucronata     298 

Illosporium     45 

caespitosum     45 

malifoliorum     45 

Ilysanthes     352 

dubia    352 

gratioloides     352 

Impatiens     301 

aurea    301 

biflora    301 

fulva    301 

pallida    301 

Imperatoria     317 

Ostruthium     317 

Inula     380 

Helenium     380 

Iodanthus    264 

pinnatifidus     264 

lONACTIS    378 

linariifolius     378 

lONOTUS   135 

perplexus     135 


Ipomoea    

coccinea 

hederacea    . . 

lacunosa    .  .  . 

pandurata 

purpurea    . .  . 
IRIDACEAE 
Iris    

cristata     .  .  .  . 

verna    

versicolor     .  . 
Irpex    

lacteus    

obliquus     .  . . 

sinuosus     .  .  . 
Irpiciporus    . . 

lacteus   

mollis     

ISANTHUS      .  .  .  . 

brachnatus    . 
coeruleus     . . 

ISARIA      

clavata     . .  .  . 
Virginiensis 

ISCHNODERMA 

fuliginosum 

ISNARDIA      

palustris     .  . , 

ISOPYRUM 


trifoliuni    

ISOTRIA      

verticillata     

Itiiyphallus    

impudicus    

Jamesonella    _.  . 

autiimnalis    

Jeffersonia    

diphylla    

JUBULA      

Hiitchinsiae    Sullivan- 

tit    

Pennsylvanica    

JUGLANDACEAE    .  . . 

JUGLANS       

cinerea     


nigra     

JUNCACEAE    

Juncoides   

•  campestre     

pilosuni    

saltuensis    

JUNCUS    

acuminatus     

brevicaudatus     

Canadensis    

Canadensis  subcorda- 
tus    

effusus  


333 
333 
333 
333 
333 
333 
233 
233 
232 
233 
233 
143 
143 
143 
143 
135 
135 
135 
340 
340 
340 
43 
43 
43 
135 
135 
310 
310 
254 
254 
235 
235 
24 
24 
165 
165 
260 
260 
171 

171 
171 
237 
237 
237 
237 
225 
226 
226 
226 
226 
225 
225 
225 
225 

225 
225 


marginatus    225 

nodosus    225 

setaceus     225 

tenuis     225 

tenuis    anthelatus.  . .  .  225 

JUNGBRMANNIA       165 

exsecta     167 

lanceolata    165 

pumila    165 

Schraderi    165 

JUNGERMANNIA- 

CEAE    164 

JUNIPERUS       199 

communis    199 

Virginiana     199 

Kalmia    334 

angustifolia     324 

latifolia    324 

Kantia    168 

trichomanis     168 

Kneiffia 312 

fruticosa    312 

fruticosa    differta....  312 

linearis     313 

longipedicillata     313 

pumila    312 

setigera    144 

Koellia     345 

clinopodioides     345 

flexuosa    345 

incana    346 

montana    346 

nuitica    346 

pycnanthemoides    ....  345 

verticillata     345 

Virginiana     346 

KORYCARPUS     213 

Americana    213 

diandrus    213 

Krigia     366 

amplexicatilis    366 

Dandelion    366 

Kuehneola     84 

obtusa    84 

Uredinis    84 

Kuhnia   372 

eupatorioides    372 

Kyllinga     217 

pumila    217 

LABIATAE     340 

Lachnea    109 

erinacea     110 

hirta     110 

scutellata     109 

umbrarum     110 

vitellina     110 

Lachnella    Il3 

Virginica     113 


470 

Lachnocladh'm    149 

semivestitum     1-49 

Laciniaria    372 

spicata     372 

scariosa     squarriilosa.  372 

Lactaria    124 

cilicioides    124 

deliciosa    125 

glaucescens     125 

hydropiperoides    125 

Indigo    125 

insulsa    125 

lactiflua    125 

pergamena     124 

piperata     124 

plinthogala    125 

subdulcis    125 

trivalis      125 

vellera    125 

Lactartus     125 

fuUginosus    125 

glaucescens     125 

Tolcmus    125 

Lactuca    367 

Canadensis    367 

Floridana    367 

hirsuta     367 

integrifolia    367 

leucophaea    367 

sagittifolia     367 

S'cariola     367 

spicata    367 

villosa    367 

Laetiporus   136 

speciosus    136 

Lamium     343 

amplexicaule     343 

maculatum    343 

purpureum    343 

Lamproderm\     30 

violaceum    30 

Laportea     243 

Canadensis    243 

Lappula     33S 

Virginiana     338 

Larix   2Un 

Amevicana    200 

laricina    200 

Lasiosphaeria    101 

ovina    101 

Lathyrus    290 

latifolius    290 

venosus    290 

LAURACEAE     261 

Lecanidion     118 

atratum    118 

Hamnmmelidis     113 

Lecanora     155 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


atra     

cervina     

coarctata    

deplanans    

niuralis     versicolor. 

pallescens    

pallida    

privigena    

subfusca     

tartarea    

varia     

LECANORACEAE  . 
Lechea    

Leggettii    

major      

minor    L 

minor   Lam 

Lecidea    

albocoerulescens    .  . 

crustulata    

ericina    

fuliginea    

Nuttallii     

platycarpa   steriza.. 

speirea    

Tennesseensis     

Virginiensis 

LECIDACEAE    

Leersia     


orysoides     

streptocarpa    

Virginicus     

Lejeunea    

calypcata   

cavifolia     

cucullata    

Lemna   

minor    

LEMNACEAE    

LENTIBULARIACEAE 
Lentinus    

crinitus     

lepidciis   

strigosns    

Lenzites   

abietina    

betiilina    

corrngata     

sepiaria    

Leocarpus    

fragilis     

Leonurus    

Cardiaca    

Leotia    

lubrica    

Lepidium    

campestre    

Virginicum    


155 
156 
155 
155 
150 
156 
156 
156 
155 
156 
156 
155 
306 
306 
306 
306 
306 
159 
160 
160 
160 
159 
159 
160 
160 
159 
160 
158 
209 
209 
176 
209 
170 
171 
170 
170 
224 
224 
224 
355 
127 
127 
127 
127 
128 
128 
128 
128 
128 
29 
29 
343 
343 
116 
116 
263 
263 
263 


Lepidozia    168 

reptans     168 

sylvatica    168 

Lepiota   120 

acutisquamosa    121 

Americana     121 

Amianthina     121 

cristata     121 

clypeolaria     121 

metulaespora    121 

naucina    120 

procera    120 

Leptamnium    355 

Virginianum   355 

Leptandra    353 

Virginica    353 

Leptilon     378 

Canadense     378 

Leptobryum   180 

pyriforme    ISO 

Lei'todon 183 

trichom'.trion    183 

Leptogium    155 

chloromelum   stellans.  155 

pvilchellum     155 

tremelloides    155 

Leptonia     129 

asperella    129 

serrulata    129 

Leptorchis 236 

liliifolia    236 

Leptosphaeria    lOO 

clavigera    101 

Doliolum    lOO 

Ogilviensis    101 

orthogramma    101 

vagabunda     101 

LEPTOSTROMACEAE  70 

Leptostromella    71 

filicina    71 

Leptothyrium     70 

Castaneae    70 

dryinum     70 

foraminulatum    70 

Liriodendri    70 

petiolorvnn     70 

Pyri    70 

vulgare    •  ■  •  •> 70 

Leptotrichum     173 

pallidum     173 

tortile     173 

Leskea     184 

gracilescens     184 

obscura    184 

polycarpa     184 

LESKEACEAE     184 

Lespedeza     289 

capitata    289 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


471 


frutescens     289 

hirta     289 

polystachya      289 

repens     289 

striata    289 

Stuvei    289 

Stiivei   intermedia. .  .  .  289 

Stuvei   reticulata 289 

violacea    289 

\'irginica     2S9 

LEUCOBRYACEAE    .  .  176 

Leucobryum     176 

glaucum     176 

Leucodon    18,3 

brachypus    183 

julaceus     183 

LEUCODONTACEAE.  I83 

■  LiATRis     372 

scariosa    sqnarrulosa..  372 

spicata    372 

LiBERTELLA     74 

acerina     74 

faginea     74 

LICHENES    151 

LiGUSTICUM      317 

Canadense     317 

LiGUSTRUM    329 

vulgaje    329 

LILIACEAE    227 

LiLiuM    328 

Canadense     228 

Philadelphicum    228 

superbum     22.8 

tigrinum     228 

LIMNANTHACEAE...  296 

LiMODORUM       236 

tuberosum     236 

LINACEAE    292 

LiNARIA    350 

Linaria     350 

LiNDBLADIA       30 

effusa     30 

LiNDERA       .  .  ." 261 

Benzoin     261 

LiNNAEA      361 

Americana     361 

LiNUM     292 

striatum     292 

usitatissimum      292 

X'irginiani'm    292 

LiPARis    236 

liliifolia    236 

LiPPlA    340 

lanceolata    340 

LiQUIDAMBAR      271 

styraciflua     271 

LiRIODENDRON       253 

Tulipifera    253 


LiTHOSPERMUM      

arvense    

canescens     

laifolium    

LOBARIA    

amplissima    

Lobelia    

amoena    glandulifera. 

cardinalis     

inflata     

inflata     simplex 

leptostachys    

puberula    

spicata    

spicata    parviflora.  .  .  . 

syphilitica    

syphilitica  albiflora. .  . 
LOGANIACEAE    

LOLIUM     

Italicum   

perenne    

LONICERA      

Canadensis    

dioica    

glauca    

Japonica    

sempervirens    

LOPHANTHUS       


nepetoides   

LOPHIDIUM    

compressum    

nitidum    

LOPHIOSTOMACEAE. 

LOPHIOTREMA     

nucula    

Lophocolea    

bidentata   

heterophylla    


minor    

LOPHODERMIUM     

culmigenum     

pinastri    

Rhododendri 

LOPHOZIA      

Marchica     

ventricosa    

LORANTHACEAE    . .  . 

LUDWIGIA     

alternifolia    

alternifolia     linearifo- 


ha 


LUNULARIA 

cruciata    , 

LUPINUS      .  . 

perennis 

LUZULA 


campestris 
pilosa    .... 


338 
338 
339 
338 
153 
153 
364 
365 
364 
365 
365 
365 
365 
305 
365 
365 
365 
329 
216 
216 
216 
362 
362 
362 
302 
362 
362 
.342 
342 
106 
lOT 
106 
106 
106 
106 
166 
166 
166 
166 
119 
119 
119 
119 
165 
165 
165 
244 
310 
310 

310 
163 
163 
284 
284 
226 
226 
226 


saltiicnsis     226 

vcnuilis    226 

Lychnis     249 


Githago     249 


Lycium      

vulgare     

Lycogala     

conicum    

epidendron     

LYCOPERDACEAE 


349 
349 
31 
31 
31 
24 


Lycoperdon    25 

furfuraceum     25 

gemmatum     25 

pediccllatum     25 

pyriforme     25 

Lycopersicom     349 

Lycopersicon     349 

LYCOPODIACEAE    ..  197 

Lycopodium      197 

annotinum     197 

clavatum    197 

complanatum    198 

dcndroldeuni     197 

lucidulum    197 

obscurum     197 

tristachyum     197 

Lycopus     346 

Americanus     346 

communis    346 

memhranaccus    346 

sinuatus     346 

^'irginicus     346 

Lysias      234 

orbiculata    234 

Lysimachia    327 

Nunimularia      327 

quadrifolia    327 

stricta     327 

terrestris    327 

thyrsHiora      327 

LYTHRACEAE    309 

Maclura      242 

aurantiaca     242 

IMacrosporium     40 

Abutilonis      41 

antennaefnrme      41 

asclepiadeum     4\L 

caudatum     41 

commune     40 

Maydis     41 

olivaceum      41 

Saponariae     41 

Tomato    41 

Magnolia    252' 

acuminata    252: 

Fraseri     253 

tripetala     252' 

Umbrella     253 


472 

MAGNOLIACEAE  ... 
Malus    

angustifolia     

coronaria     

glaucescens     

Malva   

moschata     

rotundifolia     

MALVACEAE    

Marasmius     

androsaceus    

campanulatus    

erythropus     

foetidus     

instititus    

opacus    

oreades    

perforans 4.  . . 

raniealis     

rotula     

scorodonius     

semihirtipes    

splanchnoides     

Marchantia     

polymorpha     

MARCH  ANTIACEAE . 
Marrubium    

vulgare    

Marshallia    

grandiflora     

obovata  platyphylla. . 
Marsonia    

Juglandis     

Martini    

Marsupella    

emarginata    

Massaria     

Magnoliae     

Matricaria     

discoidea    

matricarioides     

Medeola     

VJIrginiana      

Medicago    

lupulina     

sativa   

Meehania     

cordata     

Meibomia     

arenicola     

bracteosa     

Canadensis    

canescens    

Dillenii     

grandiflora     

laevigata     

Marylandica     

Michauxii    


IXDKX,    LI\IX(i    FLORA. 


252 
279 
279 
279 
279 
304 
304 
304 
303 
126 
126 
127 
12G 
126 
127 
127 
127 
127 
127 
127 
126 
126 
127 
163 
163 
163 
342 
342 
384 
384 
384 
75 
75 
75 
165 
165 
100 
100 
386 
386 
386 
231 
231 
284 
284 
284 
342 
343 
287 
288 
288 
288 
288 
288 
287 
288 
288 
288 


nuditlora    

obtusa    

ochroleuca     

paniculata     

pauciflora     

rigida     

JVIelam  psora     

farinosa     

Melampyrum     

Americanitm     

lineare     

MELANCONIACEAE. , 
Melanconis    

modonia     

Tiliacea     

Melanconium     

bicolor    

oblongum     

pallidum     

Melanomma     

pulvis-pyrius     

MELANTHACEAE  . . 
Melantiiium     

parviflorum     

Virginicum    

MELASTOMACEAE. . 
Melica    

mutica    

Melilotus    , 

alba    

officinalis    

Melissa     

officinalis     

MENISTERMACEAE. 
Menispermum     

Canadense     

Mentha     

arvensis    glabrata.... 

Canadensis    

piperita    

sativa 

spicata      

I'iridis     

MENYANTHACEAE  , 
Menyanthes 

trifoliata    

Menziesia    

globitlaris    

liilosa      

Mertensia     

Virginica     

Merulius    

ambigmis     

Corinum     

lachrymans     

molluscus     

pulverentus     

rubellus  


287 
288 
288 
288 
287 
288 
79 
79 
354 
354 
354 
71 
98 
98 
98 
74 
75 
74 
74 
101 
101 
226 
226 
226 
226 
310 
213 
213 
285 
285 
285 
345 
345 
260 
260 
260 
346 
346 
346 
346 
346 
346 
346 
331 
331 
331 
323 
323 
323 
338 
338 
141 
141 
141 
141 
141 
142 
141 


tremellosus  141 

Mesadenia  386 

atriplicifolia    386 

rcniformis     386 

Metzgeria     164 

conjugata     164 

crassipilis     164 

Micrampelis    363 

echinata     363 

lobata     363 

Microcera    48 

erumpens     48 

Micrococcus    28 

anrantiacus     28 

crepusculum    28 

luteus     28 

scpticus    23 

ureae    28 

Microlejeunea    170 

lucens     170 

MiCROSPHAEKA      87 

Alni    87 

Alni-Vaccinii     88 

diffusa    88 

elevata     88 

erineophila    87 

Euphorbiae    88 

Grossulariae    88 

Quercina     88 

Russellii     88 

Vaccinii     .  .  .■ 88 

Microstylis     236 

iinifolia      236 

MICROTHYRIACEAE.  106 

Milium   209 

effusum    209 

MiMULUS     352 

alatus   352 

ringens     352 

Mitchella   358 

repens    358 

MiTELLA     269 

diphylla    • 269 

Mitremyces   24 

lutescens    24 

Mitreola^ 239 

petiolata     329 

MiTRULA    107 

lutescens    107 

phalloides    107 

MNIACEAE    180 

Mniobryum    179 

albicans   179 

Mnium     180 

cuspidatum    180 

affine 180 

hornum    180 

marginatum     180 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


473 


punctatum   ISO 

rostratum     ISO 

MOHRODENDRON      328 

Carolinum    338 

MOLLIA    177 

viridula    177 

MOLLISIA 112 

cinerea   113 

Dehnii    112 

pinastri    112 

MoLLUGO    248 

verticillata     248 

MONARDA    344 

CHnopodia     344  j 

didyma     344 

fistulosa   344 

media 344 

scabra     344 

MONESES     321 

grandiilora    321 

uniflora    321 

MONILIA     32 

aureo-fulva    32 

fructigena     32 

MONOMYCES     121 

rutilens    121 

MONOTROPA    323 

Hypopitys   322 

uniflora    322 

MONOTROPACEAE    .  322 

MONOTROPSIS     322 

odorata    322 

MORACEAE   243 

MORCHELLA     107 

angusticeps   107 

esculenta    107 

MoRus   242 

alba     242 

rubra    242 

MucoR    25 

mucedo    25 

MUCORACEAE   25 

MUCRONOPORUS     189 

Everhartii   139 

ferruginosus   139 

Gilvus    139 

MUIILENBERGIA      209 

diffusa    210 

Mexicana 210 

sobolifera    209 

sylvatica    210 

MULGEDIUM      367 

acuminatum    367 

MUSCARI     ^29 

botryoides   229 

racemosum    229 

MUSCr 173 

Mycena  123 


corticola     

epiterygia    

filopes     

galericulata  

galopa    

haematopa     

pura    

rubro-marginata 

tenerrima    

vulgaris   

Myicoporon    

Smilacis 

Myosotis     

arvensis 

laxa    

palustris    

Myriadoporus    

induratus     

Myriangium 

Duriaei    

Myrica    

asplenifolia   

MYRICACEAE    

Myurella     

gracilis     

MYXOMYCETACEAE. 
Myxosporium    

luteum   

platanicolum    

Rhois   

seriatum     

Nabalus    

albus    ■ 

altissimus    

serpentarius    

Naematelia    

nucleata    

Nardia 

crenulata   

crenuliformis    

Nasturtium     


Armoracia     

obtusum     

officinale     

palustre   

palustre  hispidiim . 

sylvestre    

Naucoria    

festiva    

pediades     

semiorbicularis  ..  . 
Naumbergi\    

thyrsiflora    

Navicula     

borealis    

major    

nobilis    

rhomboides    


123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

123 

106 

106 

338 

338 

338 

338 

141 

141 

157 

157 

239 

239 

239 

184 

184 

29 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

368 

369 

368 

369 

150 

150 

165 

165 

165 

264 

265 

264 

264 

264 

265 

264 

130 

130 

130 

130 

327 

327 

28 

28 

28 

28 

28 


trinodis    

viridis    

Neckera    

pennata    

NECKERACEAE 
Neckeria     


aurea    

flaviila    

glauca 

Nectria 

cinnabarina  . 
coccinea  ... . 
ditissima  .  .  . 
episphaeria    . 

Peziza    

Rexiana    ... . 

vulpina    . .  .  ■ 

Nemopanthes 


fascicularis 
Neokneiffia 

setigera  .  .  . 
Nepeta     

Cataria  ..  . . 

hedcracea  . 
Nephroma    .  . 

Helveticum 
Nicandra     .  . 


physalodes     

NIDULARIACEAE    .. 
Nigredo  

appendiculata    

Caladii    

caryophyllina    

fallens    

Hedysari-paniculati     . 

Houstoniata    

Howei    

Hyperici-frondosa    .  .  . 

Junci-effusi      

Lespedezae-procumben- 
tis   

Medicaginis    

pedatata    

plumbaria    

Polygoni    

proeminens   

Rhyncosporae 

Silpbii    

Spermacoces    

Trifolii 

Nitzschia  

Amphioxys  intermedia 
Nolanea    

mammosa    

pascua    

Notothylas    

orbicularis  

Nowellia  


29 

28 

183 

1S3 

183 

262 

263 

263 

262 

104 

103 

104 

.104 

104 

104 

105 

104 

298 

298 

144 

144 

342 

342 

342 

154 

154 

349 

349 

24 

77 

78 

79 

79 

78 

78 

78 

79 

79 

77 


77 

79 

78 

78 

79 

77 

79 

78 

29 

29 

129 

129 

129 

171 

171 

167 


474 

curvifolia 167 

NUMMULARIA     96 

discreta    96 

punctulata   96 

Nyctalis  126 

asterophora    126 

Nymphaea    252 

advena 252 

odorata    252 

NYMPHAEACEAE     .  .  252 

Nyssa 321 

sylvatica    821 

Oakksia     227 

sessilifolia     227 

Obolaria 330 

Virginica   330 

Odontia    144 

farinacea   144 

Odontochisma   168 

denudatum    168 

prostratum    168 

Sphagni    168 

Oenothera     311 

biennis   311 

frnticosa    312 

linearis    313 

puniila   312 

OlDIUM     33 

erysiphoides    32 

leucoconium    32 

monilioides    32 

OLEACEAE 328 

Ombrophila     149 

clavus     149 

Omphalia   123 

campanella    123 

chrysophylla    123 

fibula    124 

stellata     123 

Onagra    311 

argillicola    312 

biennis 311 

biennis  grandiflora .  .  .  311 

ONAGRACEAE    310 

Onoclea    196 

sensibilis    196 

Onosmodium    338 

Carolinianum    338 

Oospora 31 

fasciculata     31 

Opegrapha    160 

atra    160 

minutula    160 

varia     160 

Ophiobolus    103 

acuminatus    103 

fulgidus    103 

porphyrogonus   103 


INI)1-:X,    LRINC;    FLORA. 


OrniOGLOSSACEAE. 
Ophioglossum    

vulgatum    

Opuntia    

Opuntia   

vulgaris   

Orbilia   

coccinella 

luteo-rvibella   

occulta    

rubella      

vinosa     

xanthostigma    

ORCHIDACEAE    

Orchis    


spectabilis     

Ornithogalum 

nutans    

umbellatum     

OROBANCHACEAE  . 
Orontium     

aquaticum    

ORTHOTRTCHACEAE 
Orthotrichum    

Braunii     

Ohioense    

Porteri     

strangulatuin    

Osmorrhiza     


brevistylis     

longistylis      

OSMUNDA      

cinnamomea    

Claytoniana    

regalis    

OSTROPA       

cinerea     

Ostrya     

Virginiana     

Otidea     

onotica  ochracea.  .  .  . 
OXALIDACEAE    

OXALIS       

Acetosella      

cymosa     

filipes     

grandis     

recurva     

stricta    

violacea    

Oxycoccus    

erythrocarpus     

macrocarpus    

Oxycoccus     

Oxydendrum  

arboreum  

OXYPOLIS  

'rigidior  


190 

190 

190 

309 

309 

309 

116 

li6 

116 

116 

116 

116 

116 

233 

234 

234 

229 

229 

229 

355 

224 

224 

177 

178 

178 

178 

178 

178 

318 

318 

319 

196 

197 

197 

196 

119 

li?) 

239 

239 

109 

109 

291 

291 

291 

291 

291 

291 

291 

291 

291 

326 

326 

326 

326 

324 

324 

315 

315 


rigidus     ■> 315 

OZONIUM   140 

auricomum     140 

Pachysandra    296 

procumbens     297 

Pachystima     299 

Canhyi      299 

Pallavicinia    164 

Lyellii    164 

1'anaeolus    133 

campanulatus    133 

solidipes     133 

Panax     314 

quinquefolium     314 

trifolium    314 

Panicularia     214 

Canadensis    214 

clongata     215 

melicaria    215 

nervata    .215 

nervata    major 215 

Torreyana     215 

Panicum     205 

agrostoides    206 

anceps    206 

Ashei    208 

barbulatum      207 

Boscii     208 

capillare    206 

capillare     campestre .  .  206 

clandestiniun     208 

coniniutatum     208 

Cnis-Galli    208 

depauperatum     206 

dicbotoniiflorum     ....  205 

dichotomum    207 

dichotomum  depaupe- 

rata     207 

fasciculatum     207 

flexile     206 

Gattingeri      206 

geniculatum    205 

gracile      207 

Huachucac   silvicola.  .  207 

latifolium     208- 

Lindbeimeri    207 

linearifoliiini     206 

lucidum    207 

iTiicrocarpon    207 

nitidum     207 

i-'liiladelphicum     206- 

polyanthes     20T 

Portcrianum     20S 

prolifcriim     205- 

pubescens    207 

sanguinale     205 

stipitatum    206- 

Tennessecnse    207 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


475 


tsugetorum      207 

villosissimum     207 

virgatiim      206 

Pannaria    154 

leucosticta     154 

nigra    154 

rubiginosa     154 

PANNARIACEAE     ...  154 

Panus    127 

conchatus    128 

dorsalis    12S 

stipticus     127 

Papaver     262 

dubium    262 

PAPAVERACEAE    ...  261 

PAPILIONACEAE      .  .  2S4 

Parietaria    244 

Pennsylvanica    244 

Parmelia    152 

Boi-reri     152 

Borreri     rudecta 152 

caperata     152 

cetrata    152 

colpodes     152 

conspersa     152 

exasperata     152 

olivacea     152 

olivaria    152 

perlata 152 

physodes    152 

rudecta     152 

tiliacea     152 

PARMELIACEAE     ...  152 

Parnassia     263 

asarifolia     268 

grandiflora     268 

PARNASSIACEAE     .  .  268 

Paronychia    251 

dichotoma    251 

Parsonsia    310 

petiolata     310 

Parthenium     380 

integrifolium    380 

Parthenocissus    303 

quinquefolia      303 

Paspalum    205 

laeve     205 

laeve    pilosum 205 

mucronatum    205 

Muhlenbergii    205 

setaceum    205 

Passiflora    309 

incarnata     309 

lutea     309 

PAS'SIFLORACEAE    .  309 

Pastinaca    317 

sativa    317 

PATELLARIACEAE.  .  117 


Prenanthes     368 

Paxillus 131 

atramentosus    131 

involutus     131 

pannoides    127 

Pedicularis    354 

Canadensis    354 

Pellaea     192 

atropurpmea     192 

Pellia    164 

epiphylla    164 

Fabroniana   164 

Peltigera    154 

aphthosa    154 

canina    154 

horizontalis     154 

polydactyla    154 

PELTIGERACEAE     .  .  153 

Pencillium    33 

glaucum     33 

Peniophora    148 

cinerea     148 

quercina     148 

PENTHORACEAE    ...  268 

Penthorum    268 

sedoides     268 

Pentstemon     351 

canescens    351 

Digitalis     351 

hirsutus      351 

pitbesccns    351 

Peramium     235 

Menziesii     235 

ophioides     235 

pubescens    235 

repens    235 

Perichaena      31 

flavida    31 

I'ericonia     35 

pycnospora    35 

Pekidermium    85 

Balsameum    85 

Peckii     85 

Perilla      347 

f rutescens    347 

■fmtescens  Nankinensis  347 

ocynioide:5  crispa 347 

PERISPORACEAE   ...  86 

Peronospora    27 

Arthuri    27 

Corydalis     27 

obovata    27 

parasitica     27 

PERONOSPORACEAE  26 

Perularia     .  234 

flava    234 

Pektusaria   156 

coral'ina    156 

leioplaca    156 


multipuncta     156 

pvistulata    156 

velata      156 

PtSTALOZZIA    75 

funerea    75 

Guepini 75 

JefFerisii    75 

toxica     "'5 

Petunia    350 

violacea    350 

Peziza    108 

aurelia    114 

aurantia     108 

badia    108 

crierea     112 

repanda    105 

vesiculosa    108 

PEZIZACEAE     108 

Phacelia     337 

bipinnatifida     337 

dubia    337 

parx'iftora     337 

Purshii     337 

PH ACIDI ACEAE    117 

Phaeolus    133 

sistotremoides     136 

Phaeopeziza     lOO 

scabrosa     109 

Piialaris     209 

arundinacea    209 

Canariensis   209 

PHALLACEAE    24 

Phaseolus    290 

helvolus   290 

perennis     290 

pulystachyus    290 

Phegopteris     194 

Dryopteris     195 

hexagonoptera    195 

I'liegopteris     195 

polypodioxdes      195 

Philalea     Ill 

cyathoides Ill 

scutula     Ill 

virgultorum     Ill 

Philonotis     181 

fontana    181 

Philotria     203 

Canadensis    203 

Phlebia     144 

nierismoides    144 

radiata    14  .' 

Phlextm     _.  .  210 

pratense 210 

Phlox    335 

ainoeiia    335 

Brittonii     336 

divaricata     335 

iiiacuiata    335 


4/6 

paniculata   335 

paniculata  acuminata.  335 

leptans     335 

subulata 336 

Phlyctaena    60 

arcuata 69 

Ipoinoeae fif' 

septorioides     69 

vagabunda     69 

Pholiota     130 

adiposa 130 

candicans     130 

rapcruta 130 

erebia 130 

nmtabilis   130 

Phoma 54 

Asclepiadea     54 

herbarum     55 

ihcicola    55 

leucostonia    54 

nielaleuca    54 

mixta    55 

negundicolc  ramicola.  54 

Nyssaecarpa 55 

obscurans    55 

pedunculi     55 

Pennsylvanica    54 

Phytnlaccae     55 

samararum    55 

scabra     55 

Smilacina    56 

Spiraeae     55 

uvicola   55 

Phoradendron     244 

flavescens    244 

Phri\gmidium    84 

Americanum   84 

disciflorum    84 

Potentillae     84 

Rubi-odorati    84 

subcorticium   84 

Phragmites   212 

Phragmites   312 

Phryma     357 

Leptostachya    357 

PHRYMACEAE  357 

Phyllachora     106 

Caricis   106 

Graminis   106 

pomagena    106 

Phyllactinia    87 

corylea     87 

suffulta    87 

Phyllanthus    295 

Carolinensis    295 

Phyllosticta    49 

acericola    52 

althaeina    50 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 

Ampelopsidis    50 

Araliae     52 

Asiminae    50. 

caryigena     49 

Castaneae    ,53 

Catalpae     49 

Celastri    51 

Celtidis    49 

cercidicola 52 

Chionanthi    53 

Cookei    53 

cornicola   53 

Dioscoreae    53 

Galicis    50 

gentianicola    50 

globifera    51 

Hamamelidis 49 

Haynaldi    49 

Ipomoeae     49 

Labruscae    53 

Lappae   53 

lindericola 51 

Liriodendrica    53 

macrospora    50 

Negundinis     52 

Opaca    53 

Oxydendri   51 

Paviae    49 

phomiformis   53 

Pirina    50 

pirina     63 

Quercus-prini   50 

rhoicola    50 

Ribis     49 

Rosae     50 

Sambuci     53 

Sanguinariae    49 

Sassafras 52 

Smilacis    subeffusa...  51 

solitaria 49 

Tiliae     53 

Ulmi     53 

Xanthorrliizae    52 

Physalis     348 

angulata     348 

heterophylla    349 

lanceolata    349 

Philadelphica     348 

pubescens    349 

Virginiana     349 

viscosa   349 

Physalodes    549 

Physalodes    349 

Physalospora    96 

Dracaenae 96 

Ilicis 96 

Physarum    29 

citrinum     29 


psittacmum   

pulcherrimum     

rufipes    

sinuosum   

Physcia     

aquila     

ciliaris   

ciliaris  crinalis 

comosa  

leucomela    

leucomelaena    

speciosa     

stellaris    

stellaris    apiolia 

PHYSCIACEAE    .... 
Physcomitrium     

priforme    

Physma  

luri'dum    

Physocarpa    

opulifolia     

Physostegia     

Virginiana     

Phytolacca    

decandra     

PH YTOLACC ACE AE . 
Phytophthora    

infestans    

Picea  

Mariana     

rubens    

PlERIS    

floribunda    

Mariana     

Pilacre   

gracillipes      

Petersii    

Pilea     


pumila    

PiLEOLARIA     ... 

Toxicodendri 

PiMPINELLA      .. 


intcgcrrima 
PINACEAE   ... 

PiNUS      

echinata     .  .  .  . 

inops    

luitis     

pungens   

resinosa    

rigida     

S'trobus    

Taeda     

Virginiana     .  . 
Placodium    . .  .  . 
camptidium 
cerinum     .  . .  . 
cinnabarinum 


29 

29 
29 
29 
153 
153 
153 
153 
15.3 
153 
153 
153 
153 
133 
153 
179 
179 
151 
154 
272 
272 
343 
343 
248 
248 
248 
26 
26 
200 
20U 
200 
324 
324 
324 
43 
43 
43 
242 
243 


318 
318 
199 
199 
200 
200 
200 
200 
199 
200 
199 
200 
200 
155 
155 
155 
155 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


477 


elegans     155 

f errugineum    155 

rupestre     155 

Plagiochila    166 

porelloides     166 

Sullivantii     166 

Virginica     166 

Plagiothecium     186 

delicatulum  densum..  186 

denticulatum     186 

micans     187 

striatellum     187 

Sullivantiae     187 

sylvaticum     187 

turfaceum     187 

PLANTAGINACEAE   .  357 

Plantago    357 

aristata    357 

lanceolata    357 

major     357 

Rugelii     357 

Virginiana    357 

Plasmopara    26 

Cubensis    26 

Geranii     26 

Halstedii     26 

obducens   26 

ribicola    26 

viticola     26 

PLATANACEAE     272 

Platanus     272 

occidentalis     272 

Platygyrium    183 

repens    183 

Pleonectria     105 

denigrata     105 

Missouriensis     105 

Pleosphaeria     103 

corticola    103 

Pleuridium    173 

alternifolum    173 

Pleurotus         124 

corticatus    124 

cyphelliformis     124 

niger     124 

petaloides    124 

sapidus     124 

serotinus    124 

Pluteus    120 

admirabilis    129 

cervinus     129 

longistriatus     129 

Plicariella    109 

miniata    100 

scabrosa     109 

Plowrightia      106 

morbosa     106 

Poa     214 


alsodes     214 

annua 214 

autumnalis    214 

brevifolia     214 

compressa    214 

compressa  depauperata  214 

Hexuosa   214 

pratensis    214 

sylvestris     214 

trivialis    214 

Podophyllum    260 

peltatum    260 

Podosphaera    86 

leucotricha    86 

Oxyacanthae     86 

tridactyla     86 

PODOSTEMON     267 

Ceratophyllum    267 

PODOSTEMONACEAE  267 

PoDOSTROMA      105 

alutaceum   105 

POGONATUM       181 

brevicaule    181 

POGONIA      235 

ophioglossoides     235 

trianthophora   236 

vcrticillata    235 

POHLIA     179 

nutans    179 

PoiNSETTIA      295 

dentata     295 

POLEAIONIACEAE   ..  335 

POLEMONIUM      336 

coeridetim   336 

reptans     336 

Van    Bruniae 336 

Polycodium     325 

stamineum     325 

Polygala    293 

ambigua     293 

cruciata     893 

Curtissii     293 

fastigiata     293 

Mariana     29."! 

Nuttallii     293 

paucifolia    294 

sanguinea    293 

Senega     293 

verticillata     293 

viridescens    293 

viridescens     albiflora.  293 

POLYGALACEAE    .  . .  293 

POLYGONACEAE    ...  245 

Polygonatum    230 

bifloriim.    230 

commutatum      230 

gigantciim      230 

Polygonum     246 


acre    246 

arifolium      247 

aviculare     246 

cilinode     246 

Convolvulus      247 

cristatum     247 

erectum      246 

Hydropiper    246 

hydropiperoides     ....  246 

orientale      246 

Pennsylvanicum     ....  246 

Persicaria     246 

Persicaria     albiflora..  246 

punctatum     246 

sagittatum     247 

scandens    247 

tenue      246 

Virginianum      246 

POLYMNIA    380 

Canadensis      380 

Canadensis    radiata. ..  380 

LTvedalia    380 

POLYMYCES        121 

cinereus     121 

POLfPODIUM        191 

incanttm     192 

polypodiodes     192 

vulgare     191 

viilgare    biserrata.  . .  .  191 

vulgare  deceptum    ...  191 

POLYPORACEAE    ...  133 

POLYPORUS      134 

adustus    135 

arcularius    134 

Berkeleyi     136 

brumalis    134 

elegans     135 

fissus      134 

lactifluus     136 

nidulans    136 

Pilotae     136 

pocula    135 

Polyporus      134 

prolificans     138 

pubescens     138 

resinous     135 

sulphureus    136 

timbellattis     136 

variits     135 

POLYSCYTALUM       33 

sericeum     32 

POLYSTICHUM       195 

acrostichioides     195 

acrosticbioides 

Schweinitzii    195 

POLYSTICTUS       138 

abietinus    138 

cinnabarinus     138 


478 

hirsutus     138 

pergamenus     13S 

versicolor    138 

POLYTHELIS       86 

fusca    8(i 

POLYTHRINCIUM       36 

Trifolii     3:0 

POLYTRICriACEAE..  181 

POLYTRICHUM       181 

commune     181 

formosnin      181 

Ohioense      181 

piliferum     182 

tenjic      181 

POMACEAE     279 

PopULUS    237 

alba 237 

candicans     238 

deltoides    238 

grandidentata     238 

monilifera      238 

tremuloides     238 

PORELLA       170 

pinnata    170 

platyphylla    170 

PoRiA     139- 

abditcens     I'll 

corticola     140 

f  arinella     140 

micans     11') 

nigra    139 

obducens    139 

sinuosa     140 

tomentocincta     130 

Tulipiferae    139 

vaporaria     139 

vulgaris     139 

xantha      140 

PORODISCULUS      135 

pendulus    135 

POROTHELIUM       142 

lacerum     142 

PORTERANTHUS       273 

stipulatus     273 

trifoliatus      '.  .  .  .  273 

PORTULACA      248 

oleracea     248 

PORTULACACEAE   ..  248 

POTAMOGETON        202 

dimorphus     202 

epibydrus     202 

fluitans      202 

lonchites    202 

pectinatvis      i02 

Spirillus     202 

POTAMOGETON- 

ACEAE     202 

POTENTILLA       277 


IXDEX,    IJVING    FLORA. 


arguta    276 

Canadensis     277 

Canadensis    simplex.  .  277 

Monspeliensis     277 

Norz-egica    277 

recta     277 

sulpburea     277 

PoTERIUM      278 

Canadensc     278 

POTTIACEAE     177 

Prenanthes     368 

alba     369 

altissima    368 

serpentaria     369 

PRIMULACEAE     327 

Prionolobus     167 

Ilellerianus     167 

Propolis     117 

faginea     117 

Leonis      117 

Prosartes     230 

lanuginosa     230 

Prunella      342 

vulgaris      342 

vulgaris    albiflora    .  .  .  342 

Prunus     282 

Americana     282 

angustifolia     282 

Chicasa    282 

Pennsylvanica    282 

serotina      282 

Virginiana     282 

Psathyrella    133 

disseminata     133 

PSEUDOHBLOTIUM       Ill 

fibrisedum     Ill 

Pseudopeziza     112 

Medicaginis     112 

Trifolii     112 

Pseudotaenidia     316 

montana      316 

Pseudovalsa     101 

signiai'dea      101 

sigmoidea     65 

Ptelea     292 

trifoliata      292 

j'teridium      192 

aquilinum    192 

Ptilidium     169 

pulcherrimum     169 

Ptilium     188 

crista-castrenae      ....  188 

PucciNiA     79 

albiperidia     82 

Anemones     86 

Anemones- Virginiana.  82 

Asparagi      70 

Asteris     80 


Caricis     81 

Caricis-Asteris     79 

Chrysanthemi      80 

Circaeae     '  80 

Conoclinii      82 

Convolvuli     81 

coronata      81 

Cyjieri      SO 

Dayi     80 

Eatoniae    80 

Eleocharidis      80 

emaculata    80 

graminis    SO 

Helianthi     80 

Heucherae     82 

Hieracii      81 

Impatientis     80 

investita     80 

lateripes     SO 

Lobeliae     80 

malvacearum      82 

Mariae-Wilsoni    82 

Menthae    81 

muhlenbergiae     82 

obscura     82 

orbicula     82 

jierminuta    82 

Pimpinellae     81 

poarum     83 

Podophylli     SO 

Polygoni-amphibii    ...  80 

recedens    SO 

Rubigo-vera    81 

Sambuci     82 

Saxifragae     82 

S'orgbi    82 

Smilacis     82 

suaveolens     81 

tenuis     80 

Vernoniae     82 

Veratri      82 

Violae     81 

Windsoriae      82 

Xanthii      82 

Pucciniastrum      S3 

Agrimoniae     83 

Hydrangeae    S3 

minimum     83 

pustvilatum     83 

Pulveroboletus    134 

Ravenelii     134 

Pycnanthe:jum      345 

clinopodioides     345 

incaniim     346 

linifolium      345 

montanum     346 

mttticum    346 

Torreyi     345 

Tnllia     345 


WEST   VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


479 


Virginianum     346 

Pycnoporus    136 

cinnabarinus     136 

Pylaisia    ■ 184 

intricata     184 

velutina     184 

Pyrenopeziza     112 

lacerata     112 

Pyrenophora     102 

calvescens     102 

Pyrenula    162 

glabrata     162 

nitida     162 

pachycheila     162 

punctella   162 

rhyponta      162 

PYRENULACEAE    . .  .  162 

Pyrola    331 

elliptica      321 

rotundifolia    321 

PYROLACEAE    321 

Pyropolyporus    137 

chonchatus    137 

igniarius    137 

Robiniae     137 

Pyrularia     244 

pubera      244 

Pyrus    270 

Americana     279 

angustifolia     279 

arbutifolia     279 

arbutifolia    mclano- 

carpa     280 

coronaria     279 

Pyxine    153 

sorediata     153 

Ouamasia    229 

hyacinthina     229 

Quamoclit      333 

coccinea     333 

QUERCUS      241 

al,ha     241 

acuminata     241 

bicolor    241 

coccinea     241 

digitata    241 

falcata     241 

ilicifolia     241 

imbricaria     241 

macrocarpa   241 

minor     241 

Muhlenbergii     241 

nana     241 

nigra    241 

pagodaefolia     241 

palustris     241 

platanoides     241 

Prinus    241 


rubra    

stellata     

tinctoria     

velutina     

Radula    

coinplanta    

tenax    

Xalapensis     

Radulum     

Magnoliae     

orbicuiarc      

Ramalina     

calcicaris     fastigiata.. 

miniuscula     

rigida     

Ramularia     

Celastri     

Taraxaci      

Tulasnei    

RANUNCULACEAE  . 
Ranunculus    

abortivus     

acris      

Alleghaniensis     

ambigcns     

bulbosiis     

fascicularis     

hispidus     

micranthus    

obtusiusculus    

Pennsylvanicus    

recurvatus     

icpens      

soeleratus     

septentrioiialis     

Raphanus     

sativus     

Raphidostecium      

Carolinianum      

Carolinianum  adniix- 
tum     

cylindrocarpum    

Marilandicum     

Ravenelia     

epiphylla     

Reboulia     

sp 

Reticqlaria     

Lycoperdon     

Rhabdospora    

Kalmiaruni     

Rhabdoweisia    

f ugax     

Rhacomitrium    

acicnlare     

RHAMNACEAE    . 

Rhamnus  

alnifolia  


241 
241 
341 
241 
169 
170 
169 
169 
144 
144 
144 
151 
151 
151 
151 
34 
34 
34 
34 
254 
358 
358 
259 
258 
258 
259 
359 
35S 
358 
358 
259 
258 
259 
258 
259 
264 
264 
189 
189 

1S9 

189 

1S9 

86 

80 

162 

162 

30 

30 

69 

69 

174 

174 

177 

177 

301 

301 

301 


Caroiiniana     302 

lanceolata    301 

Rhexia     310 

Virgniica     310 

Rhxzina    108 

inflata     lOS 

Rhododendron     323 

Catawbiense     323 

maximum    323 

Rhus     296 

aromatica    297 

Canadensis     297 

copallina     297 

cotinoides     297 

glabra      297 

hirta     296 

radicans     297 

taxicodendron     297 

typhina     296 

venenata    297 

Vernix     297 

Rhynchostegium     ....  189 

deniissum      188 

rusciforme     189 

serrulatum    189 

Rhytisma     117 

acerinum     117 

decolorans     117 

Prini     117 

punctatum     117 

Ribes     270 

Cynosbati    270 

floridum      271 

prostratum    271 

rotundifolium     371 

RlCCARDIA     164 

latifrons    164 

multifida      164 

pinguis     164 

RicciA     163 

canaliculata     163 

RICCIACEAE     163 

RrCCtELLA    163 

fluitans     163 

Rinodina     156 

oreina     156 

sophodes    156 

Robinia     286 

hispida     286 

I'seud-Acacia    2S6 

viscosa     286 

Roripa     264 

Armoracia     265 

hispida     265 

Nasturtium     264 

obtusa    264 

palustris     264 

sylvestris     264 


48o 

Rosa     278 

canina     278 

Carolina    278 

Inimilis     278 

lucida     278 

rubiginosa     278 

rugosa    278 

setigera    278 

ROSACEAE    272 

ROSELLINIA       93 

abietina    trichota     ...  93 

aquila     93 

corticum    93 

millegrana     93 

pulveracea     93 

subiculata    93 

ROTALA     309 

ramosior     309 

ROZITES      130 

caperata     130 

RUBIASEAE    357 

RuBUS     273 

Ayllegheniensis     ....  275 

Americanus     273 

argutns    374 

Baileyanus    274 

Baileyanus    frondosus  274 

Canadensis   275 

Canadensis  rorihaccus  275 

Columbianus     274 

hispidus     276 

Millspaughii     274 

nigrobaccus     274 

occidentalis     27i 

odoratus    274 

strigosus    274 

triflorus     273 

trivialis     276 

villosus    274 

villosiis     humifusus .  .  274 

RUDBECKIA      381 

fulgida     381 

hirta     381 

laciniata     381 

laciniata    humilis     .  .  .  381 

speciosa     381 

triloba     381 

RUELLIA     356 

ciliosa     356 

RuMEX    245 

Acetosella     246 

Brittanica     245 

conglomeratus    245 

crispus     245 

crispus  X  obtusifolius. .  245 

obtusifolius     245 

sanguineus     245 

RussuLA    125 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 

adusta    125 

delica     125 

einetica    125 

f  ragilis     125 

furcata     125 

nigricans     125 

vire.scen»     125 

RuTA      292 

graveolens     293 

RUTACEAE     292 

Rynchospora     219 

glomerata    219 

Sabbatia     330 

angularis     330 

lanceolata      330 

Saccharomvces     28 

cerevisae     28 

mycoderma     28 

S'ACCIIAROMYCE- 

TACEAE    38 

Saccidium     70 

viticolum     71 

vitis    70 

Saccogyna    167 

graveolens     167 

Sagina     251 

procumbens     251 

Sagittaria    202 

angustifolia     303 

arifolia     303 

graminea     203 

SALICACEAE    337 

Salix     338 

alba-vitelUna      238 

amygdaloides    238 

Babylonica     238 

cordata     338 

discolor    238 

humilis     238 

nigra    338 

nigra   falcata    338 

sericea     338 

Salomonia     230 

biflora     230 

commutata    230 

Salsola     248 

Tragus     248 

Salvia     344 

lyrata     344 

Sambucus     360 

Canadensis    360 

pubens     860 

pubens    albicocca    . . .  360 

raceinosus     360 

S'amolus    327 

florijiundus     327 

Sanguinaria    261 

Canadensis    261 


Sanguisorba     278 

Canadensis    278 

Sanicula    318 

Canaden^s     318 

gregaria     318 

Marilandica    318 

trifoliata     318 

SANTALACEAE     244 

SAPINDACEAE    300 

Saponaria     249 

officinalis    249 

Sarcinella     43 

heterospora     43 

Sarcodon    143 

imbricatus     143 

Sarcoscypha    109 

coccinea     109 

floccosa     109 

occidentalis     109 

rufum    109 

Sarcosma    116 

rufum     116 

Sarothra    306 

gentianoides    306 

Sassafras     261 

officinale     261 

Sassafras     261 

SAURURACEAE     237 

Saururus     337 

cernuus      237 

Saxifraga     269 

crosa    269 

micranthidifolia     ....  269 

Pennsylvanica     269 

Virginiensis     269 

SAXIFRAGACEAE    ..  269 

Scapania     169 

nemorosa     169 

undulata    169 

S'CHEUCHZERIJ^       202 

paliistris    202 

SCHEUCHZERIA- 

CEAE    202 

SCHIZOMYCETA- 

CEAE    27 

SCHIZOPHYLLUM      128 

alneum     128 

commune     128 

SciRPUS     218 

Americanus     218 

atrovirens     219 

cyperinus     219 

debilis      '218 

eriophorum     219 

lacusfris     218 

lineatus      219 

polyphyllus     219 

pungcns     218 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


481 


sylvaticus    219 

validus     218 

Scleroderma    25 

Bovista      25 

vulgare     25 

SCLERODERRIS        115 

pallidula 115 

Rliabarbarina     115 

ScLEROTINIA     110 

fructigena     110 

trifoliorum      110 

tuberosa     110 

SCOLEONECTRIA       105 

scoleospernia     105 

SCORIAS    89 

spongiosa     89 

SCORIOMYCFS     46 

C'ragini     46 

S'CORTEUS      127 

oreades    127 

SCROPHULARUA      351 

leporella    351 

Marilandica    351 

SCROPHULAR- 

lACEAE     350 

Scutellaria     341 

Canescens    341 

cordifolia     341 

galericulata     341 

galericulata     albiflora  341 

incana     341 

integrifolia      341 

lateriflora     341 

nervosa    341 

parivula     341 

pilosa     341 

pilosa    hirsuta    345 

saxatilis     341 

serrata     341 

versicolor    tninor     .  .  .  341 

Sedum      268 

Nevii    268 

pulchellum     268 

telephiodes      268 

Telephium     268 

ternatum      268 

Selaginella     198 

apus     198 

rupestris      198 

SELAGINELLACEAE.  198 

SEMATOPHYLLA- 

CEAE    189 

Senecio     387 

antennariifolius      ....  387 

aureus    387 

Balsamitae    387 

obovatus      387 

vulgaris     387 


Septori^V    66 

atro-purpurea      69 

aciculosa     68 

Brassicae     67 

cornicula     67 

Cornus-Maris     67 

Helianthi     68 

hyalina     68 

kalmiaecola     67 

Leptostachyae     68 

Lobeliae     68 

microsperraa     67 

Nabali    69 

Nolitangerae     68 

ochroleuca     67 

Polygonorum    69 

Polymniae     67 

psilostega     69 

Rubi     67 

Saxifragae    6S 

Scrophulnriae     63 

Smilacinae    69 

Tecomae    66 

Trautvetteriae      67 

Verbenae     68 

Violae    68 

Septosporium     42 

Equiseti      42 

Sericocarpus     374 

asteroides    374 

linifolius      374 

Setaria     208 

glaiica    208 

imbcrbis     208 

Itolica    208 

viridis    208 

Siherardia     359 

arvensis     359 

SicYOS    364 

angulatus    364 

SiDA      304 

hermaphrodita    304 

Napaea     304 

spinosa     304 

S'ilene     249 

alba    249 

antirrhina    240 

Carolinian  a     249 

nbiea      249 

Pennsyh'anica      249 

stellata     249 

Virginica      249 

SiLl'HIUM    380 

-Asleriscus     380 

perfoliatum     380 

trifoliatum     380 

SIMARUBACEAE    .  .  .  293 

SiROCOCCUS     57 


Ilalesiae     57 

.SiSYMLRIUM      263 

altissimum     263 

officinale      263 

Thalianuin     266 

SlSYRINCHI'JM    233 

aticcps    233 

angustifolium     233 

Bcrmudianum     233 

graminoides      233 

mucronatum      233 

Stum      316 

cicutaefolium      316 

SMILACEAE    232 

Smilacina     230 

bifolia    Caimdensts    .  .  230 

Smilax    232 

glauca    232 

herbacea    232 

hispida     232 

Pseudo-China     2."2 

rotundifolia    232 

tamnifolia     232 

SOLANACEAE    347 

SOLANUM       347 

Carolinens'i     347 

Dulcamara     347 

nigrum     347 

rostratum     347 

tuberosum     347 

SOLEA     309 

Concoler    30'1 

SOLENIA       142 

ocliracca     142 

villosa     142 

SOLENOSTOMA        165 

lanceolata      165 

SOLIDAGO      372 

arguta    373 

bicolor     373 

Boottii    373 

caesia     372 

CanadensTs    374 

Curtisii     372 

flexicauHs   372 

juncea      373 

juncea  ramosa   374 

juncea    scabrella 373 

lanceolata    374 

latifolia    372 

monticola    373 

neglecta     373 

nemoralis    374 

odora      373 

puberula    373 

rugosa    373 

rupestris    374 

serotina     374 


482 

serotina  gigantea    . . . 

speciosa  

tenuifolia     

ugliginosa    

ulmifolia     

SONCHUS      

asper    

oleraceus     

SORBUS     

Americana     

SORGHASTRUM       

avenaceum    

S'PARGANIACEAE  .. 
Sparganium     

diversifolium     acaule. 

eurycarpurn     

Spartina     

cynosuroides     

Spathulari*    

clavata     

velutipes    

Spathyema     

foetida     

Specularia     

perfoliata     

SPEJRA        

minor     

Spergula     

arvensis     

Sphacelotheca     

Hydropiperis     

Shaerella    

conicola     

Gaultheriae     

infuscens     

maculiformis    

nyssaecola     

Sphaeria     

Kalmianum     

Sphaerocephalus     .... 

heterosticlms    

Sphaerographum    

Fraxini    

hystericinum     

SPHAEOPSIDEAE  . . 
Sphaeronema    

acerinum     

corneum     

infuscans     

Magnoliae     

Pliysocarpi    

..PHAEOPSIDEAE     .  . 

SPHAEROPSIS       

Ampelopsidis    

Asiminae     

Asiminae     fructigena. 

Caryae     

Celastrina     


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 


374 
373 

a74 

373 

373 

367 

367 

367 

279 

279 

205 

205 

203 

202 

202 

202 

212 

212 

108 

108 

108 

223 

223 

365 

365 

40 

40 

251 

251 

77 

77 

97 

97 

97 

97 

97 

97 

69 

69 

180 

180 

69 

70 

69 

49 

56 

56 

56 

5f> 

57 

56 

49 

61 

62 

61 

61 

62 

62 


Cerasina  . . 
Ipomoeae  . 
Linderae  .  . 
Malorum  .  . 
Menispermi 


Oenotherae     62 

phomatella     62 

Pliysocarpi    62 

Sassafras     62 

Sumachi     62 

Sphaerotheca     86 

Castagnei     87 

Humuli    86 

Humuli-fuliginea   ....  87 

Mali     87 

Mors-Uvae    87 

pannosa     87 

SPHAGNACEAE     172 

Sphagnum    172 

cymbifolium    172 

cynibifolium    squar- 

rulosum     172 

Girgensohnii     172 

imbricatum  afi'ine    .  .  .  173 

Magellanicum     172 

quinquefarium    172 

recurvum     172 

Sphenolobus   167 

excectus     167 

Michauxii    167 

minutus      167 

SPIRAEA    272 

Aruncus    273 

beUdifoUa     272 

corymbosa     272 

Ivbata     276 

salicifolia     273 

tomentosa      273 

Ulmaria     276 

Virginiana     272 

Spiranthes    235 

ccrnua      235 

gracilis     235 

Spirillum     28 

undula     28 

Sporobolus     210 

neglectus     210 

vaginaeflorus      210 


Sporocybe  .  .  . 
Azaleae  .  . . . 
Rhois 

SPORODESMIUM 

aurantiacum. 
concinnum     . 
moriforme 
toruloides    .  . 

S'PORODINIA 

Aspergillus 


Stachvlidium    

caricinum    

Stachys    

aspera     

aspera     glabra 

cordata     

pahistris    

tenuifolia     

Stagonospora     

collapsa     

pedunculi     

petiolarum     

Physocarpi    

Staphylea    

trifolia     

STAPHYLEACEAE  . 
Stauroneis    

Phoenicentron  .  .  .  . 
Steccherium     

adustum     

ochraceum     

Steganosporium     

Castaneae    

muricatum     

piri  forme 

Steironema    

ciliatum      

lanceolatum     

lanceolatum   angusti- 

folium    

Stellaria    

media     

longifolia     

pubera     

S'tenophragma    

Thaliana    

Stephania    

complanata    

Stereodon     

•   cupressiformis    

curvifolius     

imponens     

recurvans    

Stereum    

acerinum      

albo-badium     

complicatum      

fasciatum     

frustulosum    

hirsutum      

lobatum      

ochraceo-flavum 

Pini    

purpureum    

sanguinolentum 

sericeum    

sulphuratum   

triste  


35 

35 
343 
343 

344 
344 
343 

343 

65 

66 

66 

65 

66 

299 

299 

299 

28 

28 

142 

142 

14-. 

76 

76 

76 

76 

327 

327 

327 

327 
250 
250 
250 
250 
266 
266 
170 
170 
188 
188 
188 
188 
189 
144 
146 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 
145 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


483 


versicolor    144 

versiforme     14  5 

Sterigmatocystis     ....  33 

nigra      33 

Sticta    154 

crocata     154 

erosa    154 

herbacea     154 

pulmonaria      154 

quercizans     154 

STICTACEAE    117 

Stictis    117 

fimbriata    117 

STILBACEAE    4:2 

Stilbum    42 

erythrocephalum    ....  42 

flavipes     42 

magnum     42 

vulgare    43 

S'tremontis      30 

ferruginea     30 

fusca    30 

Smithii     30 

Streptococcus     28 

pyogenes     28 

ureae    28 

Strbptopus     230 

roseus    230 

.Streptothrix    35 

atra     35 

Strobilomyces    134 

strobilaceus     134 

Stropharia     132 

semiglobata     132 

stercoraria     132 

Strophostyles    290 

helvola     290 

.Stylophorum    261 

diphyllum    261 

Stylosanthes    287 

biflora     287 

elatiar     287 

procumbcns     287 

riparia      287 

S'TYRACACEAE    328 

Symphoricarpos    362 

orbiculata    362 

Symphoricarpos     ....  362 

Symphytum     338 

officinale     338 

Symplocarpus      223 

foetidus     223 

Synaxdra    343 

hispidula      343 

Synchytrium    83 

decipiens     83 

Syndesmon     257 

thalictroides    257 


thalictroides    rosea...  257 

.Synedra    29 

ulna    29 

Synosma   387 

suaveolens     387 

Syntherisma     205 

linearis     205 

sanguinalis     205 

Taenidia     318 

integerrima     318 

Tagetes     385 

patula     385 

Tanacetum     386 

vulgare    386 

Tapesia      112 

fusca    112 

sanguinea    112 

subiculata    113 

Taphrina    118 

deformans     118 

Pnini      118 

Tapinia     127 

panuoides    127 

Taraxacum     366 

erythrospermum     ....  367 

officinale     366 

Taraxacum    366 

TAXACEAE    201 

Taxus     201 

baccata     Canadensis..  201 

Canadensis    201 

Tecoma    355 

radicans     355 

Teichospora     102 

nitida    102 

Tephrosia     286 

Virginiana     286 

Tethraphis    181 

pellncida    181 

Teucrium     340 

Canadense     340 

Thalesia    355 

uniflora    355 

Thalictrum     259 

anemonoides     257 

clavatum    259 

dioicum     259 

polygamum     259 

purpurascens     259 

Thamnium     183 

-Mlegheniense     183 

Thaspium     317 

barbinode     317 

trifoliatum     317 

trifoliatum     aureum .  .  317 

Thelephora     144 

pedicellata     144 

sebacea     144 


THELEPHORACEAE.  Hi 

Thelia     184 

asprella    1S5 

hirtella     184 

Thelochistes    151 

concolor     152 

concolor    efFusa 152 

parietinus    151 

Thelotrema     156 

subtile    156 

Therofon     269 

aconitifolium     269 

Thuidium     185 

delicatniuni     185 

microphyllum     185 

minutulum     185 

recognitum    185 

scitum     185 

Virginianum      185 

Thuja    199 

occidentalis     199 

THYMELEACEAE     .  .  309 

Thyronectria    105 

denigrata     105 

Missouriensis    105 

Thyrsidium     75 

hedericolum     Carpini.  75 

Tiarella     269 

cordifolia     269 

Tiedemannia    315 

rigida     315 

Tilia    303 

Americana     303 

heterophylla    303 

Michauxii      303 

TILIACEAE    303 

TiLLETIA       77 

striaeformis     77 

Tritici     77 

TiLMADOCHE       29 

gyrocephala     29 

nutans    29 

viridis     29 

TiPULARIA      235 

unifolia      235 

Tithymalopsis     294 

corollata    294 

Tithymalus     295 

commutatus     295 

Cyparissias    295 

Darlingtonii     295 

Lathyrus    295 

obtusatus     295 

Tortella     177 

humilis     177 

tortuosa     177 

unguiculata     177 

Tortula    177 


484 


INDEX,    l.niNC     FLOKA. 


muralis     177 

TORULA     34 

dimidiata     34 

herbarvini     35 

ToxYLc  N      243 

pomiterum     243 

Tradescantia     224 

pilosa      225 

\'i]giniaiia     224 

Tragopogon     866 

porrifolius     366 

Trametes    140 

mollis     140 

odorata     140 

Ohioensis    140 

robineophila    140 

Scpitiiii     139 

Tranzschelia     86 

punctata     86 

Trautvetteria     258 

Carolinensis    258 

palmata      258 

Trematosphaeria    101 

vitigena    101 

Tremella    149 

aurantia     149 

frondosa      149 

intumescens     149 

virens     150 

Tremellodon     143 

gelatinosum     143 

Triadenum     306 

Virginicum      306 

Trichaegum     42 

nodulosum     43 

Trichia     31 

chrysosperma     31 

fallax      31 

proximella     31 

Trichocolija    169 

tomentella     ion 

Trichoderma     32 

lignorum    32 

Tricholoma    121 

aurantia     l<il 

fumoso-luteum      121 

grave      121 

Peckii     121 

rutilens      121 

Trichopeziza     113 

albo-lutea     113 

capitata    113 

Trtchosphaieria     96 

pulchrista      06 

Trichostema    340 

dichotomum     340 

Trichostomum     173 

pallidum     173 


Trichothecium     

roseum     

Tricuspis    

seslerioides     

Trientalis      

Americana     

Trifolium     

agrarium    

arvense     

aureum     

hybridum     

pratense     

procumbens     

repens    

stoloniferum     

Virginicum     

Trillium    

cernuum     

erectum    

erectum     album 

erectum    declinatum. 

erythrocarpitm     

grandiflorum     

nivale     

sessile     

undulatum     

Trimmatostroma    .  .  .  . 

Americana     

Triodia    


cttprea    

Triosteum     

perfoliatum      

Triphora     

trianthophora      

Tripsacum    

dactyloides    

Trogia    

crispa     

TRYPETHELIACEAE. 
Trypethelium    

exocanthum     

virens     .  . 

TSUGA     

Canadensis    

TUBARIA       

furfuracea     

TUEERCULARIA      

Celastri     

haniata     

Sambuci     

vulgaris      

TUnERCULARIACEAE 

TUBERCULINA   

persicina  

Tl'BULINA   

cylindrica  

Tylopilus  

alboaster  


34 

34 

212 

212 

328 

328 

285 

286 

285 

286 

286 

285 

286 

285 

286 

285 

231 

231 

231 

231 

■^Zl 

231 

231 

231 

231 

231 

48 

48 

212 

212 

361 

361 

236 

236 

203 

203 

128 

138 

162 

162 

162 

162 

201 

201 

130 

130 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

45 

45 

30 

30 

133 

133 


gracilis  133 

Tylostoma  24 

mammosum  24 

Tympanis    115 

conspersa     115 

Oxydendri     115 

Typha    201 

latifolia      201 

TYPIIACEAE     201 

Tyromyces    135 

chioneus    133 

undosus     135 

Ulex     284 

Europaeus     284 

ULMACEAE     242 

Ulmaria    276 

rubra    276 

Ulmaria     276 

Ulmus     242 

Americana     243 

fulva    242 

racemosa     242 

Ulocolla     149 

foliacea     149 

Ulota     178 

Americana     178 

Hutchinsiac     178 

Ludwegii     178 

ulophylla    17S 

UMBELLIFERAE     .  .  .  325 

Umbilicaria     153 

Dillenii     153 

Muhlenbergii      153 

papulosa    153 

Pennsylvanica      153 

pustulata     153 

UMBILICARIACEAE.  153 

Uncinula     87 

Americana     .■ .  .  87 

Ampelopsidis    87 

circinata     87 

geniculata     87 

macrospora     .  .  .' 87 

necator     87 

parvula     87 

Unifolium     230 

Canadense     230 

racemosum     230 

Uniola     214 

latifolia      214 

UREiDINACEAE      77 

Uredo    85 

Agrimoniae     85 

P.igelowII     ?5 

Medusae     85 

Urnula     115 

craterium     115 

Urocystis     77 


WEST    VIRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


4H5 


Anemones     77 

Uromyces     78 

Agropyri     77 

appendiculatus     78 

Caladii     79 

carcinoides    77 

effusus     79 

Hedysari-paniculati     .  78 

Howci    79 

Hyperici    79 

Lespedeaae    78 

Polygoni    78 

Silphii     79 

Terebinthi     79 

Trifolii     78 

Urtica     243 

gracilis     243 

urens    243 

URTICACEAE     243 

Urticastrum     243 

divaricatum     243 

USNEA      151 

barbata     151 

barbata     florida i51 

trichodes    151 

USNEACEAE    151 

USTILAGINACEAE    .  76 

USTILAGO       76 

anomala     76 

Avenae     76 

Avenalaevis     76 

cesati    76 

laevis    76 

Maydis     76 

perennans    76 

segctum      76 

tricuspidis      76 

Tritici     76 

Tritici    77 

utriculosa     76 

Zeae    76 

USTULINA      94 

vulgaris     94 

LTtricularia     355 

biflora     355 

cornuta     355 

UVULARIA     226 

grandiflora      227 

perfoliata     226 

puberula     227 

sessilifolia     227 

Vaccaria     250 

Vaccaria    250 

VACCINIACEAE    ....  325 

Vaccinium      326 

Canadense     326 

corymbosum    326 

erythrocarptim    326 


inacrocarpon     326 

mucronatum    298 

nigrum     326 

pallidum     326 

Pennsylvanicum     ....  326 

staniineiini     325 

vacillans    326 

Vagnera    ,30 

racemosa    230 

V^aginata     121 

Vaginata    121 

Valeriana    362 

pauciflora     363 

VALERIANACEAE    .  .  362 

Valerianella     362 

chenopodifolia    362 

Vallisneria     203 

spiralis     203 

VALLISNERIACEAE.  203 

Valsa     90 

Abietis     91 

albo])uncta     91 

ambiens    91 

caryigoia    60,   64 

ceratophora     90 

Chionanthi     91 

coronata     91 

Diospyri     90 

etherialis      90 

goniotoDia    61 

leucostoma     92 

Linderae    93 

Nyssae      91 

pauperata    92 

praestans     91 

subclypeata     91 

Vitis     91 

Valsaria     IQii 

exasperans    100 

Venenarius     131 

muscarius    131 

V^ERATRUM      226 

viride     226 

V^erbascum     350 

Blattaria      350 

Lychinitis     350 

Thapsus     350 

Verbena    340 

angustifolia     340 

hastata     340 

officinalis     340 

urticaefolia     340 

VERBENACEAE     340 

Verbesina     383 

alternifolia     383 

occidentalis     383 

Vermicui^ria    57 

.\rctii      57 

compacta    57 


dematium     57 

liliacearum     58 

petiolarum     57 

phlogina     57 

subeffigurata     57 

subeffigurata       scapin- 

cola     57 

Toxica    57 

Trautvetteriae    57 

Vernonia     370 

altissiina    370 

gigantea     370 

maxima    370 

maxima    pubescens...  370 

Noveboracensis    370 

Noveboracensis  latifo- 

lia    370 

Veronica     352 

Americana     352 

Anagallis-aquatica     .  .  352 

arvensis     352 

Leptandr.\    353 

officinalis     352 

peregrin  a     352 

serpyllifolia     352 

Virginica     353 

Verrucaria     162 

fuscella    162 

punctella     162 

VERRUCARIACEAE   .  162 

Verticillium    33 

osteophilum     33 

puniceum     34 

Vibrissea    108 

truncorum     108 

Viburnum    360 

acerifolium      360 

alnifolium    360 

cassinoides     361 

dentatum     361 

lantanoides      360 

Lentago     361 

Opulus    Americanum.  361 

nudum      361 

prunifolium     -.  .  361 

ViciA     289 

Caroliniana     289 

Viola     306 

affinis    307 

affinis    X    cucullata.  .  .  308 

alsophila     307 

aiuocna     307 

blanda     307 

Canadensis    308 

canina    Miihlenbergii.  308 

conspersa     308 

cucullata    306 

fimbriatula    307 

hastata     308 


zj86 

liirsutula    307 

I.abradorica    308 

lanceolata    307 

Muhlcnhergii   Labrad- 

orica     308 

palniata     306 

papilionacea    307 

pedata    306 

pedata     bkolor 306 

primulaefolia     307 

pubescens     307 

Rafinesquei     308 

rostrata     308 

rotundifolia    307 

sagittata     307 

scabriuscula    308 

sororia     307 

striata     308 

icnella    Muhl 308 

triloba    308 

villosa    307 

VIOLACEAE    306 

VITACEAE     302 

Vins    302 

aestivalis     303 

bicolor      302 

cordifolia     303 


INDEX,    LIVING    FLORA. 

indi'jisa    303 

Labiusca    302 

rotundifolia     302 

rupf  stris     3C2 

vulpina     302 

VOLUTELLA      46 

ciliata   40 

'v'^OLVAKIA      128 

bonibycina     12S 

hypopyta    129 

Waldsteinia     277 

fragarioides    277 

VVashingtonta     313 

Claytoni     318 

iongistylis     319 

Webera     181 

proligera      181 

sessilis    181 

WE  HER  ACE  AE    181 

Weisia    177 

Americana     178 

nlophylla     178 

viridula    177 

Woodsia    196 

obtusa    196 

Xanthium    369 

Canadense     369 


commune     309 

glabratum    369 

strumariiiin     369 

spinosum     3G9 

Xanthorrhiza     254 

apiifolia     254 

X'ANTHOXYLUM       292 

Americanum     292 

XOLISMA     324 

ligustrina     324 

ligustrina     pubescens.  324 

Xylaria    94 

corniformis     94 

Cornu-Damae     94 

flabelliformis    94 

Hypoxylon     94 

polymorph  a     94 

ZiziA     319 

aurea    319 

atirea    Behbii 319 

Bebbii     319 

cordata    319 

Zygodesmus    35 

graminicola     35 

pannosus     35 

tiliaceus     35 


WEST    \1RC,I\IA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY  487 


SUMMARY  OF  PART  I. 

Genera.       Species. 

Funoi,    etc 430  1330 

Liclicnes _ .  .  3^  176 

Thallophyta,   etc 469  1506 

Hepaticae - 48  78 

Musci    68  171 

Sphagnaceae    _ 2  8 

P.rvophyta    118  257 

Equisitae    - i  4 

Filices 16  43 

Ophioglossaceae    - 2  7 

Lycopodiaceae i  6 

Selaginellaceae    _ i  2 

Pteridophyta    21  62 

Gymnospermae    - 8  15 

Monocotyledonae    118  347 

Dicotyledonae    - 476  1224 

Anthophyta    602  1586 

Total  number  of  species,  varieties  and  forms  detected  in  the 

State  to  the  date  of  this  Flora 341 1 


INDEX  TO  PART  II. 


A 

ALETIIOPTERIS 

aquilina,   407,  446 

ambigua,  408,  435 

decurrens,   407,  438 

Evansii,   408,   434 

gigas,   409,   450 

grandifolia,   408,   430 

lonchitica,   407,    434,    438 

Massilionis,   408,  438 

pennsylvanica,   408,    443 

S'erlii    (Brongn),    408,    438, 
445 

Serlii   var.    americana,    408, 
434 

Serlii    var.    europeae,    408, 
434 

sp.  ?,   409,   480,    432 

virginiana,    408,    450 
ALLEGHENY      FORMA- 
TION,   Plants   from,    443 
ANEIMITES 

Adiantites,    393 

adiantoides,    393,    430 

fertilis,    393,    430 

sp.,    430 

sp.  ?,   393 

tenuifolius,   393,    431 
ANNULARIA 

acicularis,  418,  439 

carinata,    419,    452 

cuspidata,    418,   435 

minuta,    419,    452 

radiata,   418,   434,    439,    45:? 

raniosa,   418,   432,   440 

sphenophylloides,   418,    440, 
444,    452 

sp.?,   419,   432 

stellata,   418,   440,   444,   453 
APHLEBIA 

filiciformis,    415,    447,    452 

laciniata,    415 

laciniatum,   451 

lactiica,    415,    452 

speciosissima,   415,    452 

spinosa,   415,    431 


ARCHAEOPTERIS 

alleghaniensis,    392,    429 

Bockschiana,    393 

Bockschianus,   429 

n.    sp.  ?,   393,    435 

stricta,   393,    485 
ASTEROCALAMITES 

scrobiculatus,  416,  431,   432 
ASTEROPHYLLITES 

equisetiformis  417,   439 

erectifolius,   418,   434 

gracilis,    417,   434 

lycopodioides,    417,    439 

minutus,      417,      430,      432, 
435,   439 

rigidus,    418,    439 

sp.,    430 

sp.  ?,    417 

B 

BAIERA 

virginiana,    425,    453 
BETULA 

nigra,    429,   453 
BOTHRODENDRON 

niinutifolium,     421,    440 

sp.  ?,   421,   440 


C.ALAMITES 

approximatus,       417,       434, 
435,    439 

cannaeformis,   416,   432 

Cistii,    416,   439,   444 

ramosus,    417,    439 

Roemeri,   416,    434 

sp.?,   417,   432 

Suckowi,    416,    439,    452 
C.\LAMITINA 

sp.  ?,    417,    439 
C.\LAMODENDRON 

sp.  ?,   417,   439 
C.\LAMOS'TACHYS 

lanceolata,    419,    432 

ramosus,    419,    440 

sp.  ?,   435 


CALLIPTERIDIUM 

inaequale,   409,    443 
sp.,    434 
sp.  ?,   409 

CALLIPTERIS 
conferta,   409,    450 
currentiensis,    409,    451 
frondosa,    409 
lyratifolia,    451 
lyratifolia      var.      coriacea, 
409 

CARDIOCARPON 

bicuspidatum,       426.       435, 

436 
cornutum,    426,    436 
elongatiim,    426,   435 
minor.   426,  435,  442 

CARDIOPTERIS 
frondosa,    430 

CARMICHAEL.S      C  L  A  Y  , 

Fossils  from,   453 
CARPOLITHES 

bicarpus,    428,   453 

ellipticus,    428,    445 

fragarioides,   428,    442 

marginatus,    428,    453 

sp.,    430 

sp.?,   428,    433 
CASTANE.V 

pumila,   429,  453 
C.VULOPTERIS 

elliptica   415,   451 

gigantea,   415,    451 
CHEILANTHITES 

nummularius,   395,   436 

obtusilobus,    395,    445 

obtusilobus     var.      dilatata, 
395,    436 

solidus,    395,    445 

squamosus,    395,    442,    445 

trifoliolatus,    394,    436 
CLARK    FORMATION, 

Plants    from,    430 
CONEMAUGH    FORMA 
TION,    Plants   from,   445 


WEST    X'IRGINIA    GEOLOGICAL    SURVEY 


489 


CORDAICARPON 

cinctum,   426,   442 

circulare,    442 

circularis,    426 

Gutbieri,  426,  446 
CORDAITES 

borassifolius,    425,    441 

crassinervis,   425,   453 

Robbii,   425,   431,   435 
CYPERUS' 

sp.?,    438,    453 

D 

DICKSONITES 

Pluckeneti,    447 
DIPLOTHMEMA 

Jacquoti,    395 

pacliy derma,   395,   447 
DUNKARD     FORMATION, 

Plants    from,    447 


EQUISETITES 

elongatus,    416,   452 
occidentalis,   416,    431,   432 
rugosus,    415,    452 
striatus,   416,   452 

EQUISETUM 

arvense   L.,   428,   453 

EREMOPTERIS 

artemisiaefolia,   393,   436 
Cheathami,   394,    433 
decomposita,  394,,  433 
elegans,   394,    431,    433 
lincolniana,    394,    436 
macilenta,  394,  430,   433 
microphylla,    394,    431 
n.    sp.,    436 
Sauveuri,    394,    436 
solida,    442 
sp.?,   394,   435 


FAGUS 

ferruginea,     429,    453 


GUILIELMITES 

orbicularis,    428,   453 


HALONIA 

sp.?,    423,    433 


KANAWHA    FORMATION, 
Plants    from,    436 


LEPIDOCYSTIS 
obtusus,    441 
siliqua,    429 

vesicularis,    424,    441,    445, 
446 

LEPIDODENDRON 

acuminatum,    422,   432,    440 
Brittsii,    421,    440 
clypeatum,    422,    441 
dichotomum,    422,    441 
lanceolatum,    432,    440 
magnum,     432 
modulatum,   423,   441,    444 
obovatum,   422,   441 
rushvillense,    421,    436 
scrobiniforme,    421,    429 
selaginoides,    421,   431 
Sternbergii,   422,   432,   434 
Veltheimianum,     422,     432, 
440 

LEPIDOPHLOIOS 
laricinus,    422,    441 
sp.?,   423,   445 

LEPIDOPHYLLUM 
acuminatum   433,   441 
brevifolium,    423,     445 
Campbellianum,     424,     433, 

441 
cultriforme,   434',   441 
hastatum,   424,    445 
Jenneyi,    423,    445 
lanceolatum,   424,   441 
oblongifolium,    423,    445 
sp.  ?,    424,    433,    435,    436 

LEPIDOSTROBUS 
ornatus,    423,    441 
Salisburyi,    423,    441 
sp.?,   441 
sp.   nov.,   423 

variabilis,     423j     433,     436, 
441 

LESCUROPTERIS 
adiantites,  414 
adiantoides,   451 
Moorii,    414,    447 

LINOPTERIS 
obliqua,   414,   444 

LIQUIDAMBAR 

styraciflua,    429,    453 

LYCOPODITES 
Meekii,    421,   440 


n.    sp.,    421,    433 
pendulus,   421,   446 
simplex,    431,    440 

M 

MACROS'TACHYA 
sp.,   434 
sp.  ?,    419 

MARIOPTERIS 

acuta,  396,  435,  436 

Andraena,   396,  437 

dimorpha,   396,   431 

inflata,   396,   436 

Jacquoti,    436 

latifolia,   396,   431,    436 

muricata,     396,     433,     435, 
436 

nervosa,   396,   437,   443,   445 

Newberryi,    397,    443 

pottsvillea,   395,   431,   433 

pottsvillea   var.,    396 

pygmaea,   396,   435 

Sillimanni,   396,   443,   445 

sphenopteroides,     397,    437, 
443 

spinulosa,    397,    446 
MEGALOPTERIS 

Dawsoni,   409,   432 

Hartii,    410,    434 

sewellensis,    410,    433,    434 

sp.  ?,   409,   435 
MONONGAHELA    FORMA- 
TION,  Plants   from,   446 

N 

NEMATOPHYLLUM 

angustum,    418,   452 
NEUROPTERIS 

Agassizi,    413,    444 

auriculata,   413,    451 

biformis,   411,    434 

callosa,    412,    447 

Carrii,    412,   439 

Cistii,    412,    439 

cordata,   413,   451 

crenulata,  413,  447 

dictyopteroides,   412,   451 

Elrodi,   411,   431 

fimbriata,     412,     444,     446, 
451 

flexuosa,   411,    438 

Gibbosa,   412,   451 

gigantea,   411,   439 

Grangeri,    412,    447 

Lindleyana,    411,    432 


490 

n.    sp.    No.    1,    413 
odontopteroides,    413 
ovata,    411,    439,    444,    446, 

451 
Planchardi    var.    longifolia, 

411,   451 
plicata,   412 
Pocahontas,    410,    430 
rarinervls,   4ll,   439,   443 
Scheuchzeri,   413,   439,   444, 

446,   447 
Schlehani,   410,   434 
Smithii,    410,    430,    432 
sp.?,    413,   434,    435 
tenuifoHa,   411,   430 
verniicularis,   412,  444 
Zeilleri,    413,    439 
NUTTALL      SANDSTONE, 

Plants    from,    435 

O 

ODONTOPTERIS 
aequalis,  414,  444 
densifolia,   414,  451 
gracillima,    415,    434,    435 
nervosa,   414,  451 
neuropteroides,    414,    432 
Newberryi,   414,    434 
obtusiloba    var.     rarinervis, 

414,   451 
Reichiana,  415,   451 
subcuneata,   414,   444 
Wortheni,    414,   444 

OLIGOCARPIA 

alabaniensis,   401,   438 
sp.?,    401,    438 


PALAEOXYRIS' 

appendiculata,    428,    442 
PECOPTERIS 

angustipinna,    405,    449 
arborescens,    404,   449 
arborescens  var.   integripin- 

na,   404 
arguta,    404,    449 
aspera,   403,   438 
asplenioides,    405,    449 
Callipteridium,   407,   450 
Candolleana,    404,    449 
crenulata,    406,    438 
Dawsonianiana,   407,   450 
dentata,    402,    443 
dentata    var.  parva,  405,  448 
dentata    var.    crenata,    403, 

448 
elegans,   404,   449 


INDEX,    FOSSIL    FLORA. 

cUiptica,      403,      407,      448, 

450 
emarginata,    403,    443,    448 
Germari,    402,    448 
Germari    var.    crassinervis, 

402,   448 
Germari      var.      cuspidata, 

402,    448 
Goniopteris,    403,    404,    448, 

449 
Goniopteroides,  404,  449 
grandifolia,    407,    450 
Heeriana,    405,   449 
imbricata,   405,    449 
inclinata,    405,    449 
Integra,   406,    438 
Jenneyi,    406,    446 
lanceolata,   405,  449 
latifolia,    406,    450 
longifolia,   403,   448 
Merianopteroides,    406,   450 
microphylla,   404,    449 
Miltoni,   406,   443,   446,   450 
Newberryana,   403,  448 
nodosa,    404,    447 
notata,    406,    446 
oblonga,    403,    448 
oblongifolia,    407,    450 
odontopteroides,    407,    450 
oreopteridia,   405,   443,   446, 

449 
ovoides,   406,   450 
pachypteroides,  403,  448 
pennaeformis  var.  latifolia, 

404,   449 
platynervis,  405,   449 
plumosa,    402,    435,    438 
Pluckeneti,    402,   448 
Pluckeneti    var.    constricta, 

402,    448 
polymorpha,   406,   446,   450 
pteroides,  406,   450 
rarinervis,    405,    449 
rotundifolia,   406,   450 
rotundiloba,.   405,   449 
Schimperiana,    405,    449 
serrulata,    402,    434 
sp.  ?,     406,     407,     446,     449, 

450 
subfalcata,   405,   449 
tenuinervis,    405,    449 
unita,    403,    407,    443,    445, 

446 
unitum,   450 
vestita,    404,    443 
villosa,    404,    438,    443,    446 

PLATANUS 

occidentalis,    429,    453 


POACORDAITES 

sp.  ?,   425,   442 
1>  O  C  O  N  O    FORMATION, 

Plants   from,    429 
POTAMOGETON 

Robbinsii,    429,   453 
PRINCETON       CONGLOM- 
ERATE,     Plants      from, 
430 

Q 

QUERCUS 

falcata,    429,   453 
QUINNIMONT        FORMA- 
TION,   Plants   from,   431 


RHABDOCARPOS 

amygdalaeformis,    427,    442 
Bockschianus,    427,    442 
multistriatus,     426,    442 
n.   sp.,   430 
oblongatus     427,    453 
sp.?,   427,   433 
sp..   431,   435 
sulcatus,   427,  442 
tenax,    426    442 


SAPORTAEA 
grandifolia,    426 
salisburioides,    426,    453 

S  E  W  E  L  L   FORMATION, 
Plants  from,   433 

SIGILLARIA 

approximata,  425,   453 
Brardii,    425,    453 
camptotaenia,    424,    445 
dentata,    425,    433 
fissa,    424,    441,    446 
ichtyolepis,   425,   441 
Menardi,   424,   447 
reticulata,    424,    435,    441 
sp.  ?,   425,   433 

S'PHENOPHYLLUM 
angustifolium,    420,    452 
antiquum,    419,    434 
cuneifolium,   435,   440 
densifolium,   421,   452 
emarginatum,  419.  440,  444 
filiculme,    420,   452 
Fontaineaum,    420,    452 
furcatum,    420,    440 
Lescurianum,   419,   440 
longifolium,    420,    452 
majus,  420,   444,  445,  446 
oblongifoHum,    420,    452 
tenue,    420,    432 
tenuifolium,    420,    452 
Thoni,    420,   452 


WEST    \1K(;IXIA    GEOr-OGICAL    SURVEY 


491 


■;PHENOPTERIS 
acrocarpa,   401,   448 
auriculata,  400,   448 
breviloba,    400,    447 
Broadheadi,   400,   438 
canneltonensis,    401,    438 
chaeropliylloides,    400,    44H 
communis,   401,   433 
Crepini,    402,    438 
Crossotheca,   397,   402,   438, 

443,    445 
Cymoglossa,    447 
delicatula,   399,   437 
dentata,    400,    447 
dicksonoides,    399,    431 
distans,    398,    430 
divaricata,    398,    431 
dubuissonis,   399,    437 
elegans,   397,   437 
flexicaulis,    399,    433 
foliosa,     400,    448 
formosa,    400,    447 
furcata,   397,  435,  437 
geniculata,    398,    437 
Goepperti,  398,   431 
hastata,    401,    448 
Hildrethi,    398,   437 
Hoeninghausi,      398,       430, 

431 
hymenophylloides,   399,  437 


kaiwinensis,  399,  437 
Larischii,    399,    433 
Lescuriana,   400,  448 
linearis,   398,   435 
Linkii,   399,   437 
lobata,    400,    447 
microcarpa,    400,    432,    433, 

437 
minutisecta,    400,    445,    447 
mixta,    401,    438 
obtusifolia,   447 
obtusiloba,    400 
ophioglossoides,     397,     402, 

438,    443,    445 
pachynervis,    401 
patentissima,    397,    431 
pinnatifida,   399,    443 
rarinervis,    398,    430 
Renaultia,    400,    432,   437 
Royi,  397,   433 
sagittatus,   402,   443 
schatzlarensis,    400,    437 
spinosa,   397,  437 
sp.  ?,  401,  430,  448 
stipulate,    401,    443 
subgeniculata,    398,    430 
tenella,  399,  437 
tracyana,   399,   437 
trichomanoides,    398,    437 
zeilleria,    399,    437 


TAENIOPTERIS 
Lescuriana,  410,  451 
Newberriana,   410,    451 
Newberriana   var.    angusta, 
410,   451 

TRIGONOCARPUM 

ampullaeforme,    427,    442 
clavatum,   427 
Noeggerathii,    428,    442 
oliviaeforme,    427,    435 
triloculare,    427,   435 

TRILETES 
sp.?,  425,  436 

TRIPHYLLOPTERIS 
Lescuriana,    393,    429 
virginiana,    393,    429 

U 

ULMUS 

racemosa,    429,    453 
ULODENDRON 

majus,    423,    441 

sp.?,    423,    433 

W 

VVHITTLESEYA 
elegans,    426,    435