:■ HI
THE LuESTHER T. MERTZ LiBRARY
THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
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Sriiurat of
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MICHIGAN FLORA
A LIST OF THE
FERN AND SEED PLANTS GKOWING
WITHOUT CULTIVATION
PREPARED BY
\V. J. REAL. Sc. M., Pn. D..
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICHIGAN.
I F<«'!ivinlert hy permission, from llir l-'ifth Kppnrt <if tlie Mii>bi<^';ui Academy of Sc'iVn'-f I'lM
PUBLISHED BY
THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH.
LANSING. MICH.
UOHEKT SMIl'H PRINTINC CO., STATE PRINTERS AND HINDKKS
1901
MICHIGAN FLORA
A LIST OF TH1-:
FERN AND SEED PLANTS GROWING
WITHOUT CULTIVATION
PREPARED BY
W. J. BEAL, Sc. M., Ph. D.,
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICHIGAN.
[Reprinted by permission, from tUe Fifth Report of the Michigan Academy of Science, 1904.]
PUBLISHED BY
THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MICH.
LANSING. MICH.
ROBERT SMITH PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS AND lUN'DERS
1901
1 ^ 'iV)
}oy SZ
THE LuESTHERT.MERTZ LIBRARY
THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
INTRODUCTION.
The first Michigan Flora entitled a "Catalogue of the Phaenogamous and
Vascular Cryptogamous Plants of Michigan, Indigenous, Naturalized
and Adentive," was prepared by Charles F. Wheeler and Erwin F. Smith,
and was printed in the report of the Michigan State Horticultural Society
for 1880.
The second Michigan Flora, based on the first, was prepared by W. J.
Beal and C. F. Wheeler and was printed in the report of the Michigan
State Board of Agriculture for 1892, Of the second Michigan Flora one
thousand separates were printed for distribution and the supply was
exhausted in less than five years.
The copies of all the former edition of this Flora were distributed
chiefly among botanists of all grades from Professors in Universities
and Colleges, Normal Schools, teachers in High Schools, Academies and
among amateurs. It is believed that this edition notwithstanding all its
defects, will encourage many to study the wild plants of Michigan not
forgetting the arrivals from other countries. Besides assisting the
student in becoming familiar with names of sj)ecies and their distribu-
tion, it should be useful in other respects.
Within the past few years a delightful department of botany has^
attracted much attention. It is emphatically outdoor work and is known
as Ecology or the relations of plants to their environment.
This Flora may help the student in his investigations of plant groups
or plant associations, noting those peculiar to certain kinds of soil, and
others growing almost everywhere. It will aid in listing aatives and
exotics. Students can make many lists, such as those forming rosettes,
those that climb, those that thrive in the woods in early spring, those
that grow in strata or layers above each other or in zones within and
without each other. It should aid in the study of plant dispersal by all
sorts of methods and in the multitude of ways by which plants prfitect
themselves.
The following is a list of the chapters found in (ho last edition of the
Flora that are omitted in this edition :
Planting- the Roadside and about the Home.
Planting a Grove.
Planting a Wild Garden.
Autumn Foliage.
Native Trees and Shrubs selected for the Color of their Leaves in Autumn.
Native small Trees and Shrubs diistinguished for their Flowers.
Native Shrubs or Trees distinguished for their beautiful Fruit.
A list of native Trees and Shrubs distinguished for their showy or brilliant
colored Bark.
4 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Native Climbing Plants.
Native Plants which are very light Colored.
A list of Small Evergreens.
Bronze Evergreens.
Native Bog and Marsh plants which are Promising for Cultivation.
Plants suitable for winter Bouquets.
Native Aquatic Plants most worthy of Cultivation.
A list of native Ferns promising for Cultivation.
The Procession of Flowers.
The best Kinds of Timber for Firewood.
The most durable Kinds of Timber for Post or Sills.
Favorite Kinds of Timber for the Cabinet Maker.
Timber for farm Implements.
Valuable Timber for large Boats.
Kinds of timber most employed for Boxes, Baskets and Barrels.
Timber for Paper Pulp.
Trees for Sugar.
Trees and Shrubs best suited for Screens or Wind-breaks.
Some of our wild fruits and nuts, with suggestions concerning their improve-
ment.
Native plants for the Protection of Hillsides, Embankments and drifting Sands.
Plants for Carp Ponds.
Native tree-like or large Shrubs.
List of smaller Shrubs.
List of Rare or Local Plants.
List of Plants introduced from Europe and becoming Naturalized.
Parasitic Fungi.
Flowering Parasites and Saprophytes destitute of green leaves.
List of Michigan Plants which are admitted to the United States Pharmacopoeia.
List of medicinal Plants not officinal.
As mentioned in both editions of the Flora above referred to. so in
this, the third edition, much pains has been taken to examine authentic
specimens which are preserved in some herbarium. For thirty years, till
he resigned his position at the Agricultural College in 1902, Professor
C. F, Wheeler was a most diligent collector of plants in the State. He
kept full notes, not only of his findings but sought specimens and notes
from many others.
In 1S88, Professor L. H. Bailey, C. F. Wheeler and the author accom-
panied by two students spent two weeks in collecting on a journey across
the State from Harrisvillo in Alcona county to Frankfort in Benzie
county.
In 1S02. Professor Wheeler spent several weeks in the southeastern
and in the southwestern counties and in the Upper Peninsula nmking
collections for the exposition held in Chicago. In 1895, some Aveeks were
spent collecting in Alpena and vicinity, and later he and B. 0. Longyear
collected in Ingham. SVashtenaw. and Jackson counties. In the summer
of 1900 I'rofessor Wheeler spent about six weeks collecting at Chatham
and vicinity in the Upper Peninsula.
Portions of every year since 1890 were occupied by Professor Wheeler
in making great numbers of short excursions in behalf of the herbarium
of the Agricultural College. During these years and previously, the
author collected considerable in the counties of Iosco, Clare, Crawford,
Grand Traverse, Lake. Muskegon, Calhoun, Eaton, Lenawee, Clinton,
Ingham. More particularly since 1890, numerous collections made by
others have been sent to the Agricultural College for identification and
for preservation in the herbarium.
Notablv among these collectors must be mentioned Miss Emma J. Cole
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 5
and H. C. Skeels of Grand Rapids; C. 1). McLoutli of Muskegon; G. H.
Hicks of Grayling, Owosso and the Agricultural College; C. K. Dodge
of Port Huron; George M. Bradford of Bay City; W. K. Brotherton of
Oakland; Geo. W. Davis of Tekonsha; J. \y. Stacy of Clarksville. Col-
lections have been received, by gift or purchase, from Prof. (.'. A. Davis
formerly of Alma, now of the University; of O. A. Farwell formerly of
Keweenaw county, of Ypsilanti, and later of Detroit; and Rev. Francis
Daniels formerly of Alto, Kent county, Manistee and Sturgis; W. S.
Cooper of Alma.
After all has been said and done, the study of the flora of the state at
best can only be considered as fairly begun. By far the greater areas
have not yet been seen by any systematic botanist and very few regions
have been visited by one who is an expert in some one or more of the
more difficult families.
What species nourished in large areas will never be fully known, since
man has cut off, burned over and plowed under tens of thousands of acres
of the virgin wilderness ! Swamps, marshes and lakes have been drained
and the land occupied by farm crops. Many native plants are rapidly
shifting from one place to another.
Chiefly through the agency of man, great numbers of weeds and other
plants have been introduced from other states and from foreign countries
and each has begun a vigorous warfare for all the room it can get.
The sequence of natural families in former Michigan Floras followed
Oray's Manual which is essentially that of Auguste Pyrarae De Candolle,
Most of the reasons given for that arrangement have long since been
considered untenable. In the Flora, I have followed Britton's Manual of
the Flora of the NortJieni States and Canada, published in April, 1901.
In this work the sequence of families is very nearly the same as that of
Engler and Prantl, which is considered the most philosophical yet pre-
sented.
Some of the guiding principles for the system of Engler and Prantl,
as they are stated by Britton and Brown's Flora, are as follows :
The more simple forms are, in general, distinguished from the more
complex. (1) by fewer organs or parts; (2) by the less perfect adapta-
tion of the organs to the purposes they subserve; (3) by the relative
degree of development of the more important organs; (4) by the lesser
degree of differentiation of the plant-body or of its organs; (5) by con-
siderations of antiquity, as indicated by the geological record; (6) by
a consideration of the phenomena of embryogeny. Thus, the Pteridophyta,
which do not produce seeds and which appear on the earth in Silurian
time, are simpler than the Spermatophyta ; the Gymnospermu' in which
the ovules are borne on the face of a scale, and which are known from the
Devonian period onward, are simpler than the Angiospermu', whose ovules
are borne in a closed cavity, and which are unknown before the Jurassic.
In the Angiospermje the similar types are those whose floral structure
is nearest the structure of the branch or stem from which the flower
has been metamorphosed, that is to say, in which the parts of the flower
(modified leaves) are more nearly separate or distinct from each other,
the leaves of any, stem or branch being normally separated, while those
are the most complex whose floral parts are most united.
The names of genera and species are the same as those used in
Britton^ j\fanual and where these differ from those in the sixth edition of
6 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Gray's Manual, the latter are also inserted in the text. The species of
each genus are arranged in alphabetical order. To economize space a
considerable number of sections of the Flora last prepared have been
omitted or much abbreviated.
In the preparation of this Flora thanks are due to Professor C. F.
Wheeler. O. A. Farwell. Prof. C. A. Davis, C. K. Dodge, C. D. McLouth,
G. M. Bradford. J. B. Dandeno.
W. J. BEAL.
Agricultural College, Mich., Dec. 1, 1904.
CONTENTS.
Page.
Bibliography 9
Herbaria consulted 10
Local list consulted 11
Topography U
Climate and distribution l.'}
Flora of the Jack Pine Plains 16
a. Those raost common 16
b. Those less frequent 16
Plants indicating a fertile soil 18
Plants peculiar to the prairies 19
Overlapping of northern and southern species in the Grand River Valley 19
Northern species 19
Southern species 19
Comparison of the flora of the eastern and the western sides of the State in
latitude 44° 40'.. 20
a. Northern plants found on the east side of the State and not on the west 20
b. Southern plants found on the west side of the State and not on the east 20
Plants supposed to have immigrated from the northeast '. 20
Plants supposed to have immigrated from the north and west .' 21
Trees of Michigan compared with those of Europe 21
Why has Michigan so many trees and Great Britain so few? 22
Native forage plahts 23
Native bee plants 24
Weeds, native and introduced 25
List of weeds introduced from Europe and Asia 25
List of indigenous weeds 27
Native poisonous plants 72
Native plants fast disappearing 28
List of trees indigenous to M ichigan 28 •
List of shrubs indigenous to Michigan 30
Flora catalogue 34
Index 137
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
The following ])ublications have been consulted in the ])reparalion vf
this work :
1839. Wright, John, M. D., Catalogue of the Phaenogams and Filicoid Plants col-
lected on the Geological Survey ot Michigan. Legislative Report No. 23,
pp. 17-44. Detroit.
1849. Burt, W. A., Catalogue of the Plants collected in the primitive region south
of Lake Superior in 1846. D. Cooley, Jackson's Lake Superior, ppr. 875-882.
Washington, D. C.
1850. Agassiz, Louis, Lake Superior, its Physical Character, Vegetation and Ani-
mals, etc.
1851. Whitney, W. D., List of Plants of the Upper Peninsula in Report on the
Geology of the Lake Superior Land District. J. W. Foster and J. D.
Whitney, part 2.
1853. Cooley, D., M. D., A Manuscript List of the Plants growing spontaneously
within ten miles of Cooley's corners, Washington, Macomb, Co.
1861. Winchell, N. H., Catalogue of Phsenogamous and Acrogenous Plants found
growing wild in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and the Islands at the
head of Lake Huron. Geological Report for 1860, pp. 245-330.
1873. Coleman, N., Catalogue of Flowering Plants of the Southern Peninsula of
Michigan, w-ith a few of the Cryptogamia. Grand Rapids, Miscellaneous
Publications, No. 2, Kent Scientific Institute.
1876. Tuthill, F. H., Some notes on the Plora near Kalamazoo, Mich. Bot. Gaz.
Vol. 1, pp. 13-14.
1876. Almendinger, E. C, Flora of Ann Arbor and Vicinity. Proceedings of the
Ann Arbor Scientific Association, pp. 85-116.
1877. Palmer, Elmore, M. D., Catalogue of Phsenogaraous and Acrogenous Plants
found growing wild in the State of Michigan.
1877. Spalding, V. M., List of Native Medicinal Plants of Michigan. Proceedings
of the Michigan Pharmaceutical Association.
1878. Lyons, A. B., M. D., Medicinal Plants Indigenous in Michigan. Nov. 27,
1877, Detroit Lancet, February and March, 1878.
1880. Bailey, L. H., Jr., Michigan Lake Shore Plants at South Haven. Bot. Gaz.
pp. 76-77 and pp. 90-91.
1882. Bailey, L. H., Jr., Limits of Michigan Plants. Bot. Gaz. pp. 106-108.
1882. Foerste, A. F., Plants of Belle Isle, Michigan. Bot. Gaz. pp. 202-203.
1884. Hill, E. J., The Menominee Iren Region and its Flora. I., pp. 208-211; XL,
pp. 22.5-229; Bot. Gaz.
1886. Campbell, D. H., Plants of the Detroit River. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, Vol.
XIII, pp. 93-94.
1888. Beal, W. J., List of Trees and Shrubs belonging to Michigan. First Report
of State Forestry Commission, pp. 36-51.
1888. Beal, W. J., Flora of the Sandy Pine Plains of Michigan. Report Mich.
Hort. Soc. pp. 49-55.
1890. Gray, Asa, Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States. 6th Ed.
pp. 760. American Book Co., N. Y.
1890. Hill, E. J., Notes on the Flora of the Lake Superior Region. L, pp. 140-
149; II., pp. 159-166; Bot. Gaz.
10 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIF.NCE.
1890. Bailey, L. H.. Jr., The Carices of the Upper Half of the Keweenaw Peninsula.
Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, pp. 61-64. Vol. 17.
1890. Macoun, John, M. A., Catalogue of Canadian Plants. S. C, 1883-1890.
1891. Wheeler, C. F., Central Michigan Cyperaceae. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, p.
148. Vol. 18.
1891. Beal, W. J., and Wheeler, C. F., Michigan Flora. Report of the Secretary
of the State Board of Agriculture, pp. 471-689.
1893. Blodgett, H. T., Plants of Mason County, Mich. Asa Gray Bull. No. 3.
1893. Hicks, Gilbert H., New and Rare Michigan Plants. Asa Gray Bull. No. 3.
1894. it'arwell, 0. A., Contributions to the Botany of Michigan. Asa Gray Bull.
Nos. 6, 7, et seq.
1894. Pieters, A. J., Plants of Lake St. Clair. Bull. Mich. Fish Commission,
No. 2, 1893.
1894. Reighard, J. E.. Biological Examinations of Lake St. Clair. Bull. Mich.
Fish Commission No. 4.
1894. Davis, Charles A., The Flora of Michigan Lakes. First Report of the Mich.
Acad. Sci. pp. 24-31.
1896. Cole, Miss Emma J., List of Plants collected in and about Grand Rapids.
1896-8. Britton, N. L., and Brown, Addison, An Illustrated Flora of the Northern
United States, Canada and the British Possessions. In three Volumes,
Vol. I. pp. 612, Vol. II. pp. 643, Vol III. pp. 588. Charles Scribner's Sons,
N. Y.
1897. Dodge, C. K., Flora of St. Clair County, Michigan and the Western part of
Lambton County, Ontario. Report of the Secretary of the Mich. State Hort.
Soc. pp. 230-314.
1898. Davis, Charles A., Contributions to the Knowledge of the Flora of Tuscola
County. First Report of the Mich. Acad. Sci. p. 116, 1898. Bot. Gaz., June
1898. pp. 453-58.
1900. Davis, Charles A., Botanical Notes on Huron County. Michigan Geological
Survey Reports, VII. pp. 235-245.
1900. Farwell, 0. A., A catalogue of the Flora of Detroit with additions, from the
Eleventh Annual Report of the Commissioner of Parks and Boulevards,
Detroit.
1901. Britton, N. L., Manual of the Flora of the Northern States and Canada,
pp. 1080. Henry Holt & Co., N. Y.
1901. Livingston, Burton E., The Distribution of the Plant Societies of Kent
County. Michigan Geological Survey, Third Annual Report, pp. 81-103.
1902. Clark, H. L., Notes on the Flora of Eaton County. Third Report of the
Mich. Acad. Sci. pp. 51-52.
1903. Livingston, Burton E., The Relation of Soils to Natural Vegetation in Ros-
common and Crawford Counties. Mich. Geol. Survey, Annual Report.
1903. Daniels, Francis Potter, Flora of the Vicinity of Manistee, Mich. Fourth Re-
port of the Mich. Acad. Sci. pp. 125-144.
1903. Daniels. Francis Potter, Ecoloofy of the Flora of Sturgis and vicinity, Mich.
Fourth Report of the Mich. Acad. Sol. pp. 145-159.
HERBARIA CONSULTED,
The following Herbaria have been examined:
The Herbarium of the State Agricultural College is fortunate in pos-
sessing the collection of Dr. D, Cooley, an excellent botanist who lived
many years in Washington, Macomb county. He was a valued correspond-
ent of Dr. Gray, Dr. Torrey, W. S. Sullivant and other botanists of the
early part of this century.
The Herbarium of Dr. D. Clark, of Flint. Mich., has lately become the
property of the State Agricultural College. This collection contains sets
of Bebbs' Willows, Olney's Carices and many specimens from the earlier
American collectors, besides valuable collections of Michigan plants.
The large collection of Prof. C. F. Wheeler, which was destroyed by the
burning of the Botanical Laboratory on the 23d of March, 1890.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. II
Prof. V. M. Spalding kindly permillod us to cxaniino llu- I'nivcrsity
ITerbai'iiiiii at Ann Arbor, in which are deposited the collections of Dr.
Douglass TToughton, 1838; Miss Marv II. Clark, Miss E. C. Alinendinger.
Prof. :M. W. Harrington, Prof. N. II. Winchell, Geo. L. Ames, :M. D.. F.
E. Wood and others.
The collection of ])lants belonging to the Kent Scientific Institute it
Cirand Kapids under the charge of Mr. George 1). Sones.
The collection of O. J. Stihvell, which belongs now to Prof. C. A. Davis
of University of Michigan; also Prof. Davis' collection.
The collection of G. II. Hicks, of the Agricultural College, made in
Northern and Central Michigan.
The collection of G. F. Conistock, made in Lenawee County, 1845-'50,
now the propertv of Dr. W. J. Beal.
The collection of Dr. W. J. Beal, 18G0-1870, now the property of the
Michigan Agricultural College.
LOCAL LISTS CONSULTED.
To the following persons we are indebted for lists of the plants growing
in their several localities:
Farwell, O. A., for full list of plants of the Keweenaw peninsula, Ypsi-
lanti and Detroit, with copious notes and many specimens.
Beardslee, Prof. H. C, of the University School, Cleveland, O., and
Kofoid, Prof. Chas. A.. Leland Stanford Jr. University, for a very com-
plete list of the plants of Cheboygan County, Mich., observed by them
during the smmer of 1890. with full notes and many specimens.
Dodge, C. K., for a collection of the plants growing in the vicinity of
Port Huron, with many notes on variation and distribution.
Dewey, L. H., for a list of the plants in the vicinity of Tecumseh, Mich.
Hull, I*rof. W., for notes and specimens from Albion and vicinity.
Orth, S. P., for list of plants in the vicinity of Imlay City.
Mosely, E. H., for a list of plants observed near Union City.
Foerste. A. F., for a list of plants observed in the eastern part of St.
Clair county.
Mitchell, Prof. I. X., for a list of plants collected in various parts of
the State.
St. John, I'rof. C. E., for a list of plants collected in IMason county
and in the southeastern portion of the State.
Stacey, I. W., for a list of plants collected at Clarksville, Ionia county.
Daniels. F. P., for a list of plants collected at Manistee and Sturgis.
Cooper, W. S.. St. Clair county.
Davis, Charles A., lists of plants of Gratiot county in the vicinity of
Alma, and about Ann Arbor.
Bradford, G. M.. Flora of Bay county.
Pepoon, H. S., catalogue of the plants of Michigan adjacent to Lakes
Magician, Dewey, Cable and Crooked, Van Buren and Cass counties.
TOPOGR.MMIY.
^lichigan is peculi?irlv situated within the waters of the great lakes, N.
latitude 41°45' to 48°2b'; W. longitude 82°25' to 90°34'. It is divided
into two parts, called the Upper and Lower Peninsulas. The greatest
length of the northern portion from east to west is 318 miles, width 30 to
12 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
164 miles, forming about two-fifths of the fc^tate. Tlie greatest length of
the southern portion from north to south is 277 miles and its extreme
width is 25!) miles. The total area is .jS,915 square miles, with a coast
of over 1,G00 miles.
The general elevation of the Upper Peninsula is 400 to 1,100 feet above
Lake Superior, and that of the Lower Peninsula is 400 to 600 feet above
the level of Lakes Michigan and Huron.
The two parts of the State present a striking contrast in many respects.
The Upper Peninsula may be divided into two sections east and west of a
line drawn through Marquette which present very marked surface and
geological characteristics. The eastern portion slopes northward from its
southern border to a watershed and thence falls rapidly to the shores of
Lake Superior. This plateau contains many lakes and marshes, also fine
forests of pine intermixed with groves of hardwood.
The western part is rugged and hilly, some of the hills rising 1,000 to
1,200 feet. In' the extreme northwest are ranges which form the cupper
region; the central range extends from Keweenaw Point across to the
Wisconsin line;, on either side are the Porcupine mountains and the
copper range proper.
South and east of the copper range lies the iron range of Marquette and
Iron counties. The eastern portion of this peninsula is underlaid with
stratified rocks belonging to the Silurian period, while the western part is
occupied by the copper bearing rocks and those of the Huronian period.
Glacial drift covers deeply a large portion of both the eastern and western
sections.
The Lower Peninsula is generally level or rolling, sloping up in its
northern portion to a central ridge or watershed which extends nearly
northeast and southwest, the highest part of which, in Otsego county, is
1,100 feet above the lake level.
The shores along the west side of this peninsula are generally bold
bluffs which are constantly wearing away, while on the Huron shore they
are low and extending by additions of earth cast up by the waves.
The rivers are small but their number is great, and these, with the 5,000
lakes scattered along the watersheds of the State abundantly water all
parts of it.
Dr. C, Kominger, a former State Geologist, writes of the geology of the
Lower Peninsula as follows : "It forms the center-point of an oceanic bay
which seems to have existed without any important alteration in its
limits, from the beginning of the Silurian period to the end of the Carbon-
iferous time. We find within the space supposed to have been the bay an
uninterrupted series of marine deposits, following each other in the great-
est regularity of superposition, wliich represent all the known formations
deposited on this continent from the Silurian period on to the coal forma-
tion." The entire surface of the peninsula is covered deeply with glacial
drift, consisting of sand, gravels and clays variously intermixed.
The topographical outlines of the Lower Peninsula are due to the joint
action of moving ice and fiowing water during and following the glacial
period.
Beginning in Presque Isle county the lateral moraine of the Huron
glacier passes southwest near the line between Monnnorency and Alpena
counties, thence south by west through Oscoda, Roscommon and Clare,
meeting in Mecosta county, the east lateral moraine of Lake Michigan.
These join and pass in a southwest direction through Kent, Bari-y, Kala-
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. ^ 13
iiia/oo and St. Josej)!! counties. The Haginaw bay branch of the Huron
glacier uniti'S with the Huron glacier i)roper, and forms a hiteral moraine
beginning in Huron county, passing through Sanilac, Lapeer, Oakland.
Livingston and ])ortions of Jackson, Washtenaw and Hillsdale counties.
This i)eninsula is divided by these moraines into certain more or less
clearly marked lloral regions.
CLIMATE AND DISTRIBUTION,
"The sinuosities of the several isothermal lines will demonstrate at a
glance the i>eculiar character of the climate of Michigan, and the fact that
both in summer and winter, it is better adapted to the interests of agri-
culture and horticulture, and probably also to the comfort and health of
its citizens, than the climate of any other northwestern state. The marked
peculiarity of the climate of Michigan in these respects i« attributable to
the intiuence of the great lakes by which the state is nearly surrounded.
It has long been known that considerable bodies of water exert a local
intiuence in modifying climate and especially in averting frosts, but it has
never been expected that Lake Michigan, for instance, impresses upon the
climatic character of a broad region an intiuence truly comparable with
that exerted by the great ocean." — Alexaxdeii ^V'INCHELL.
The following general notes on Climate and Distribution are from the
preface to the first edition by IC. F. Smith:
"The influence of climate on vegetation may be summed up in a few
words. The climate of the Lower l*eninsula is not as severe as that of the
Upper, nor so even, but is subject to frequent, sudden, and extreme
changes of temperature — as great a variation during the winter season
as 53° Fahr. in less than 24 hours having been recorded. Such rapid
changes more or less affect vegetation, es])ecially the tender branches of
cultivated trees, which are sometimes seriously injured. ■ In one or two
instances a like effect on our forest trees has been noticed. The annual
range of temperature is about IIG"^, and the annual mean 4(i^. Of rain-
fall, including what falls in form of snow, we have, yearly, about thirty
inches. Our snowfall is much less, for the same latitude, than that of
•New York and New England. In the center of the peninsula, we seldom
have more than a few inches at a time.
"The proximity of the Great Lakes exerts a marked influence in equal-
izing the temperature and the effects are marked upon our flora.
•'Trees, like Lirlodendron Tulipifera, Asimina triloba^ Ctrcis Canaden-
sis, Gleditsia triacantlios, Corniis florida, Nyssa multiflora, and Morus
rubra, which belong to Ohio and Central Illinois, have crept northward,
favored by the mild influence of the lake winds, through the centi'al aud
western part of the Lower Peninsula, often beyond the middle, and the
same is true of smaller and less noticeal)le plants.
"As might be expected from the uniform surface of the peninsula, the
flora is much alike throughout. Probably three-fourths of our species are
common to all sections, though by no means equally distributed; some
beiilg very abundant in one district and rare in another at no great dis-
tance. In most cases such change is due to soil rather than to difference
in elevation, temperature, or atnutspheric moisture.
"The Lower I'eninsula is covered with a deep drift of alternating sands,
clays, and gravels, and the flora of any section depends chiefly on which
of these happens to lie up])ermost. With reference to its flora, the pen in-
14 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
sula mar roughly be divided into two great divisions — tlie liardwood and
the softwood lands ; one representing the Appalachian flora, and the other,
the Canadian.
''The hardwood country lies south of latitude 43°, and consists of very
fertile sand, clay, or loam, mostly cleared of the original forest, and
largely cultivated.
"The sandy or stony drift of many river valleys in this section supports
a heavy growth of oak. frequently interspersed with walnut and hickory,
while the margins, of the streams, and the neighboring swamps, abound in
soft maples, swamp and chestnut oak, white and black ash, elm, hack-
berry, sycamore, butternut, and similar trees. Willows, dogwoods, vibui--
nums, and buttonbush. are common shrubs in the swamps; and hazel,
hawthorn, wild cherry and plum, June berry, witch-hazel, etc., are abund-
ant on the dryer ground.
"On the uplands, and away from streams, clay, loam, and a peculiar
black muck soil supersede the sands and gravels of the valleys. The pre-
vailing timber here is beech and maple and oak forest in about equal pro-
portions. Beech and maple generalh' groAV together, forming magnificent
forests of great extent. The best wheat farms are usually found on
uplands near streams, where the oak timber gradually shades into beech
and maple. Plains of fertile sand covered with a low, or scattering
growth of oak (oak openings) are frequent, and always very desirable for
farming purposes.
"Marshes densely covered with tamarack are common in this part of
the State, and nourish in their thick shade such plants as Drosera
rotundifolia, Sarracenia purpurea, Rhus venenata, Riies rulirnm, CMo-
genes hispidula, Salix Candida, Smilacina trifoUa, Pogonia ophioglos-
soides and Calopogou pulchcllus. Arbor-vitae, red cedar and black spruce
are comparatively rare.
"A similar tract of soil and timber occurs in the upper end of the pen-
insula, north of a line drawn from Thunder bay west to the head of Grand
Traverse bay. This is commonly known as the "Traverse region," and
has a flora much like that we have just described, with the exception that
some of the southern species disappear, and northern ones begin to take
their place, or if found growing further south, here first become frequent.
Deep forests of hemlock and yellow birch {B. lutca) mixed with a fine,
tall growth of striped maple (/I. Pennsylvan'lcum) are frequent, having
underneath a tangled growth of Taxus haccata, var. Canadensis, and under
all a carpet of Lycopodium annotinum. Alternating with these are sandy
plains covered with a dense growth of Vaccmiunts, yielding a great abun-
dance of fruit. Sugar maples and basswood are also abundant in Ihis
region, and reach an immense size. In fact, it would be difficult to find
finer groves of maple in any part of the State.
"The pine country proper lies between the two tracts Ave have described,
and embraces about 15,000 scjuare miles. It is composed largely of sancl
hills and plains, either scantily furnished with vegetation, or densely cov-
ered with pine forest. Argillaceous tracts wooded with beech and n^aple
also occur, like oases in a desert ; and swamps abound, with the usual low-
land timber. Forests of hemlock spruce are frequent, and there are occa-
sional ridges of oak. Birch (B. lutca) also begins to be a, common forest
tree, and attains a large size. Tlie usual timber of the barrens is -lack
Pine {P. Banksiana}. Climatic and other influences have combined to
produce groves composed entirely of this species of large size and of great
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. .. 15
beauty, for. instead of being 'a straggling shrub, or low tree' (Graj')' 't
rises, often 50-00 feet, straight and syninictrical. All through this region
Pinus Strohus is the prevailing species and furnishes niost of the lumber,
but P. rcsinosa is frequent as far south as Clare county, and occurs spar-
ingly in the northern ]»art of Isabella county, which a])i)ears to be its
southern limit.
"Such is the general character of the syjva down 1o about latitude 4'-\ .
but in the western part of the State, owing perhaps to moister climate, or
to favorable soil, hem.lock spruce is more abundant, and reaches much
farther south, nearly or quite to the Indiana line, and the same is true of
white i)ine.
"The llora of the deep pine woods is interesting, though rather monot-
onous. Very little undergrowth is found, and their gloomy recesses
nourish only such plants as love thick shade. Here the club-mosses
{LycopodiuDts) lind a congenial home, and llourish luxuriantly, while
Clintonki borealis covers the ground. The great round-leaved orchid
{Eahcnaria orhiculata) , with its tall, greenish spike and twin leaves close
to the earth, is also frequent and striking. We shall also meet MitehcUa
repens, Maianthemiim Canadense, Trillium grandifforum, perhaps, and a
few ferns, particularly Asplenium Filix-fccmina and Phegoptcris Dryop-
teris. Other species occur, of course, but not so abundantl}'. In more
open places, and on ridges, we meet Rhus aromatica and Comptonia along
with wintergreen {Gaultheria) and trailing arbutus {Epigwa), and are
often fortunate enough to find the wax-white, fragrant flower of Monescs
iiniflora, or Polygala paucifoUa, hiding its shining leaves under a wealth
of showy pink blossoms.
"The Iloral treasures of the pine region lie, however, in its swan)ps and
lake borders rather than in the deep woods. Therein grows Linncea
torealis in all its delicate beauty, carpeting the ground, and close at hand,
the odd, brown-purple tloAver of Cypripedium acaule and the small yellow
blossom of its water-loving relative C, parvifioriim. In such swamps, or
within a stone's throw of them, may be found many other plants of equal
interest, such as Medeola Virginica, Ledum Jatifolium. Andromeda Poli-
folia, Kalmia glauca, Lonicera ohlongifolia , Cardaiiruie pralcnsis, Ger-
ardia aspera, Mitclla nuda, Eriophorum vagiuatum, etc. On lake mar-
gins we shall find Lysimachia and the blue Pontcderia and more rarely,
Nescea and Eleocharis quadrangulata. The lake itself, most likely, will
be full of JS^ymphaea, Nuphar, TJtricularias, and a world of Potamoge-
tons and similar water weeds. Shrubby Vacciniuiiis line the bluffs, and
here and there gleam the white trunks of paper birches against the dark
background of pines.
"In the thick-pine country, where the lumberman's ax has let in the
sunlight, new plants spring up freely. Here, Prunus Pcnnsylvauica and
poplars are frequent, and the blackberry is omnipresent. Aralla hispida
and Physalis lanceolata are also peculiar to such laud, and in August
Gnaphalium deciirrens may be seen whitening thousands of acres.
"One seldom beholds a drearier sight than a dead and deserted
lumber region. The valuable trees were all felled years ago, and the lum-
berman moved on to fresh spoils, leaving behind an inextricably confused
mass of tree tops, broken logs, and uprooted trunks. Blackberr^^ canes
spring up everywhere, forming a tangled thicket, and a few scattering
poplars, birches, and cherries serve for arboreal life, above which tower
the dead pines, bleached in the weather and blackened by fire, destitute of
16 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
limbs, and looking at a distance not unlike the masts of some great harbor.
Thousands of such acres, repellant alike to botanist and settler, can be
seen in any of our northern counties.
"In certain districts considerable beech is found associated with the
pine. The soil of such tracts is usually of better quality, and can be
rendered productive without much labor. It may be noted that in such
cases the pine also grows thriftier and makes better lumber."
FLORA OF THE JACK-PINE PLAINS.
The plants of this region are all found in one or more of the regions
previously enumerated.
The soil of these plains is mainly sand of considerable depth which dries
out quickly after a rain, and is then especially liable to be burned over,
the burning often destroying every living plant above the surface of the
soil. In this way. by repeated burning, much of the vegetable matter is
removed, leaving the surface soil thin.
The following seventy species of plants are almost certain to be found
in considerable quantity on any extended area of Jack-pine plains :
a. Those most coiiiiox.
Amelanchier Botryapium (L. f.) DC Shad-bush.
( Amelanchier Canadensis var. ohlongifolia T. & G.)
Andropogon furcatus Muhl. Finger, or Beard-grass.
Andropogon scoparius Michx. Beard-grass.
Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi (L.) Sprang. Bearberry.
Aster Iffivis I>. Smooth Aster.
Carex Pennsylvanica Lam. Pennsylvania Sedge.
Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coulter.
(Myrica asplenifolia L.)
Danthonia spieata (L.) Beauv. Wild Oat-grass.
Epigasa repens L. Trailing Arbutus.
Gaultheria procumbens L. Wintergreen.
Leptilon Canadense (L.) Britton. Horse-weed.
{Erigeron Canadensis L.)
Oryzopsis juncea (Michx.) B. S. P. Mountain Rice.
(Oryzopsis Canadensis Torr.)
Pinus divaricata (Ait.) Gotd. Gray Pine. Jack Pine.
(Pinus Banksiana Lambert.)
Populus tremuloides Michx. Aspen.
Prunus Pennsylvanica L. f. Wild Red, or Pin Cherry.
Prunus pumila L. Sand Cherry.
Prunus Virginiana L. Choke-Cherry.
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuntze. Eagle Fern.
{ Pteris aquilina L.)
Quercus coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak.
Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak.
{Quercus tinctoria Bartram.)
Rumex Acetosella L. Sheep Sorrel.
Salix humilis Marsh. Low willow.
Solidago nemoralis Ait. Golden Rod.
Vaccinium Canadense Richards. Low Blueberry.
Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum Lam. Dwarf Blueberry.
Vaccinium vacillans Kalm. Low Blueberry.
b. Those less feequent.
Adopogon Virginicum (L.) Kuntze. Dwarf Dandelion. Virginia Goatsbeard.
{Krigia amplexicaulis Nutt.)
Agrostls hyemalis (Walt.) B. S. P.
(Agrostis scabra Willd.) Hair-Grass.
REAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 17
Antpnnaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards. Plaintain-leaved Everlasting.
Apocynum an (irosremi folium L. Dogbane.
Aralia hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsaparilla.
Campanula rotundifolia L. Bluebell. Harebell.
Carduus odoratus (Muhl.) Porter.
{C')ii< us piDuiliis Torr.)
Ceanothus .^niericanus L. New Jersey Tea.
. Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toad-flax.
Convolvulus spithanitTeus L. Low Bindweed.
Diervilla Diervilla (L. ) Mac.M. Bush Honeysuckle.
(DierviUa irifula Moench.
Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) B. S. P. Daisy Fleabane.
(Erif/eron strigosus Muhl.)
Festuca ovina L. Sheep's Fescue.
Fragaria Virginiana Duchesne. Strawberry.
{Fragaria Virginiana Illinoensis A. Gray.)
Gaylussacia resinosa (Ait.) T. & G. Black Huckleberry.
Gnaphalium decurrens Ives. Everlasting.
Helianthemum Canadense (L.) Michx. Frost-wort.
Helianthus divaricatus L. Wild Sunflower.
Helianthus occidentalis Riddell. Wild Sunflower.
Hieracium venosum L. Rattlesnake-weed.
Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. Houstonia.
{Houstonia purpurea longifolia A. Gray.)
Koeleria oristata (L. ) Pers. Koeleria.
Lacinaria cylindracea (Michx.) Kuntze. Blazing Star.
{Liatris cylindracea Michx.)
Lithospermum Gmelini (Michx.) A. S. Hitchcock. Hairy Puccoon.
{Lithosperjmim hirtnni Lehm.)
Lycopodium complanatum L. Ground-pine.
Melampyrum lineare Lam. Cow-wheat.
{Melampyrum Americanum Michx.)
Monarda fistulosa L. Wild Bergamot.
Onagra biennis (L.) Scop. Evening primrose.
(O-Jnothera biennis L.)
Panicum depaui^eratum Muhl. Panic-Grass.
Panicum dichotomum L. Panic-Grass.
Pinus resinosa Ait. Norway or Red Pine.
Pinus Strobus L. White Pine.
Polygala polygama Walt. Pink polygala.
Populus grandidentata Michx. I^arge-toothed Aspen.
. Potentilla Canadensis L. Five-finger. Cinque-foil.
Quercus alba I^. White Oak.
Rubus Canadensis L. Dewberry.
Rubus hispidus L. Dewberry.
Rudbeckia hirta L. Cone-flower.
Sibbaldiopsis tridentatata (Soland.) Rydb. Three-toothed Cinque-foil.
{Potentilla tridentata Ait.)
Solidago juncea Ait. Golden Rod.
Unifolium Canadense (Desf. ) Greene.
(Maianthrmum Canadense Desf.)
Viola arenaria DC. Sand Violet.
(Viola canina puberula S. Wats.)
Viola pedata L. Bird-foot Violet.
The above list consists of representatives of thirty families, of fifty-
four genera, and of seventy species. The families of jjlants best repre-
sented on the j)lains are the Rosacea' by six species, Coniposito' by thirteen
species, Graminra^ by nine species, yacciniaceir by four.
The following; large and prominent families of the State are not repre-
sented in tlic list given above: I\<tniinculace(e, Crncifene, Curyophyllacecc,
tSaj-ifraf/f'car. Uinhellifciyr. OrchiihtcacP.
18 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Most remarkable of all is the absence of any PapUionaccw though the
family is second in size only to the Composite. The PapUionacccr is
represented in the State by -43 native species and varieties.
The number of biennials given in this list is remarkably small, only two,
and there are no annuals in it. Sixty-eight out of seventy are perennials
and most persistent plants well adapted by long, deep roots and root-
stocks to live in poor soil which is subject to severe droughts. Most of
them are admirably adapted to survival after a severe fire has burned over
the ground. and killed the tops of the plants.
PLANTS INDICATING A FERTILE SOIL.
Acer Saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple, when the wood is solid and of fine quality.
(Acer saccharinum Wang.)
Acer nigrum Michx. Black sugar maple.
(Acer saccharinum nigrum Torr. & Gray.)
Adiantum pedatum L. Maidenhair Fern.
Angelica villosa (Walt.) B. S. P. Angelica.
(Angelica hirsuta Muhl.)
Apios Apios (L.) Mac M. Ground-nut.
(Apios tuberosa Moench.)
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Torr. Indian Turnip.
Asplenium angustifolium Michx. Spleenwort.
Asplenium acrostichoides Sw. Spleenwort.
(Asplenium thelypteroicles Michx.)
Cassia Marylandica L. Wild Senna.
Collinsonia Canadensis L. Rich-weed. Stone-root.
Crataegus tomentosa L. Hawthorn.
Dentaria diphylla Michx. Toothwort. Pepper-root.
Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Toothwort. Pepper-root.
Bicuculla Canadensis (Goldie) Millsp. Squirrel Corn.
(Dicentra Canadensis DC.)
Bicuculla Cucullara (L.) Millsp. Dutchman's Breeches.
(Dicentra Cucullaria DC.)
Fraxinus Americana L. White Ash.
Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue Ash.
Hydrastis Canadensis L. Golden Seal.
Hydrophyllum Canadense L. Waterleaf.
Hydrophyllum Virginicum L. Waterleaf.
Juglans cinerea L. Butternut.
Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut.
Menispermum Canadense L. Moonseed.
Orchis spectabilis L. Showy Orchis.
Podophyllum peltatum L. May-Apple. Mandrake.
Quercus alba L. White Oak. When well grown.
Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur-Oak.
Ribes Cynosbatl L. Prickly Gooseberry.
Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry.
Scrophularia Marylandica L. Figwort.
(Bcrophularia nodosa Marylandica A. Gray.)
Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion.
(Taraxacum officinale Weber.)
Tilia Americana L. Basswood.
Ulmus Americana L. American Elm.
Ulmus racemosa Thomas. Rock Elm.
Uvularia grandiflora .1. E. Smith. Bellwort.
Verbena hastata L. Blue Vervain.
When well grown and of good size, several other trees are indications of
good soil.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 19
PLANTS PECULIAU TO THE PKAIRIES.
The followiug' plants are peculiar to the prairie region of the south-
western portion of the State :
Amorpha canescens Pursh. Lead-Plant.
Asolepias verticillata L. Milkweed.
Aster sericeus Vent. Aster.
Atheroposon curtipendulus (Michx.) Pourn.
{Boiiteloua curtlpendula (Michx.) Torr.)
Baptisia leucantha Torr. & Gray. False Indigo.
Brauneria purpurea (L.) Britton. Cone-Flower.
(Echinacea imrpurea Moench.)
Coreopsis palmata Nutt.
Helianthus scaberrimus Ell. Sunflower.
(Helianthus rigidus Desf.)
Phlox bifida Beck. Phlox.
Silphium integrifolium Michx. Rosin-weed.
Silphium laciniatum L. Compass-plant.
Silphium perforatum L. Cup-plant.
OVERLAPPING OF NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN SPECIES IN THE GRAND RIVER
VALLEY,
Northern Species.
Carex Magellan ica Lam. Sedge.
Carex pauci flora Li.ghtf. Sedge.
Carex tenuiflora Wahl. Sedge.
Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt. Dragon-head.
Eriophorum vaginatum L. Cotton-grass.
Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. Swamp Fly-Honeysuckle.
Mimulus Jamesii T. & G. Monkey-flower.
Primula Mistassinica Michx. Primrose.
Symphoricarpos pauciflorus (Robbins) Britton. Snowberry.
(Symphoricarpos racemosus pauciflorus Robbins.)
Taxus Canadensis Willd. American Yew. Ground Hemlock.
Southern Species.
Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. Papaw.
' Bidens trichosperma tenuiloba (A. Gray) Britton. Tick-seed. Sunflower.
(Coreopsis triehospervia var. tenuiloba A. Gray.)
Cassia Marylandica L. Wild Senna.
Cercis Canadensis L. Red-bud. Judas-tree.
Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz.
Collinsia verna Nutt. Blue-eyed Mary.
Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl.) R. & S. Spike-rush.
(Eleocharis equisetoides Torr.)
Eleocharis mutata (L. ) R. & S. Spike-rush.
(Eleocharis quadrangulata R. & S.)
Eleocharis olivacea Torr. Spike-rush.
Eleocharis Robbinsii Oakes. Spike-rush.
Eleocharis rostellata Torr. Spike-rush.
Erigenia bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. Harbinger of Spring.
Gymnocladus dioica (L. ) Koch. Ky. Colfee-tree.
(Gymnocladus Canadensis Lam.)
Hicoria laciniosa (Michx. f.) Sarg. King-nut.
(Caryn sulcata Nutt.)
Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl.) Britton.
(Hemicarpha subsquarrosa Nees.)
Liriodendron Tulipifera L. White-wood. Tulip-tree.
Meibomia Marylandica (L.) Kuntze. Tick-Trefoil.
(Desmodium Marilandicum Boot.)
Morus rubra L. Red Mulberry.
20 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. Prairie Dock.
Tradescantia Virginica L. Common Spiderwort.
Utricularia resupinata B. D. Greene. Bladderwort.
COMPARISON OF THE FLORA OF THE EASTERN AND THE WESTERN SIDES OF THE
STATE IN THE LATITUDE OF 44°40'.
On the east side, the latitude in question is near Harrisville in Alcona
county. On the west side it is near Frankfort in Benzie county.
It has long been known that the climate of the west shore where the
wind sweeps across Lake Michigan was milder in winter, and throughout
the year less yariable than it is on the east side of the State. So far as
obseryed. the plants of the State which are only found in the yicinity of
the great lakes are more abundant in indiyidnals on the west shore.
A. NoRTHERx Plants Found on the East Side or the State and Not on the West.
Botrychium Lunaria (L.) Swartz. Moonwort.
Botrychium simplex Hitchcock. Moonwort.
Carex capillaris 'L. Sedge.
Carex durifolia Bailey. Back's Sedge.
(Carex Backii Boott.)
Carex Houghtonii Torr. Sedge.
Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt. Dragon-head.
Kalmia angnstifolia L. Sheep Laurel. Lamhkill.
Kalmia glauca Ait. Swamp Laurel. Pale Laurel.
Picea Canadensis (Mill) B. S. P. White Spruce.
(Picea alha Link.)
Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. Swamp Gooseberry.
Sparganium simplex Huds.
B. Southern Plants Found on the West Side of the State and not on the East>
Adiantum pedatum L. Maiden Hair Fern.
Acer saccharinum L. Silver Maple.
(Acer dasycarptim Ehrh.)
Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry.
Sambucus Canadensis L. Common Elder.
Sassafras Sassafras (L.) Karst.
(iSa-s-safras officinale Nees.)
Ulmus fulva Michx. Red Elm.
Ulmus racemosa Thomas. Rock Elm.
This list is doubtless incomi>lete. but so far as it goes it sustains the pre-
yailing notion that the Ayest side of the State has the milder climate. We
might be able to see why silyer maple, sassafras, black raspberry, red elm
and rock elm thriye on the west shore and not on the east, but Aye are
unable to see why the northern plants found on the east shore should not ■
be found on the west shore. I'crliaps there is some other reason than the
difference of climate of the y)rescnt day.
PLANTS SUPPOSED TO HAVE IM.MIGRATED FRO.AI THE NORTHEAST.
Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes.
(Calypso borealis Salisb.)
Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf.
Equisetum littorale Kuehl.
Eriocaulon septangulare Withering. Pipewort.
Gyrostachys stricta Rydb. Hooded Ladies' Tresses.
(Gyrostarhys Romanzlfiana (Cham.) MacM.)
Selaginella selaginoides (L.) Link.
(f,cUi(jineUa spiiwsa Beau v.)
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 21
Trillium erectum L. Wake Robin.
Trillium undu latum WilltJ. Painted Wake-Robin.
(Trillium eri/throcarpum Michx.)
PL.VNTS SUPPOSKD TO IIAVK IMMIGRATED FROM THE NORTH AND WEST.
Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.
Anemone parviflora Mlchx. Anemone.
Artemisia gnaphalodes Nutt. Muswort.
(Artemisia Liulovieiana gnaphalodes T. & G.)
Brauueria pallida (Nutt.) Britton. Purple Cone-flower.
(Echinacea angustifolia DC.)
Bromus breviarislatus (Hook.) Buckl. Brome Grass.
Castilleja acuminata (Pursh) Spreng. Painted-cup.
(CastiUeja pallida scplentrionalis A. Gray.)
Drosera linearis Goldie. Sundew.
Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers. Spurge.
Iva xanthiifolia (Fresen.) Nutt. Marsh Elder.
Lonicera involucrata (Richards) Banks. Honeysuckle.
Mertensia panieulata (Ait.) G. Don. Lungwort.
Mimulus Jamesii T. & G. Monkey-flnower.
Mimulus moschatus Dougl. Musk-flower.
Panicularia pallida (Torr.) Kuntze.
(Glyceria pallida Trin.)
Roripa obtusa (Nutt.) Britton.
(Nasturtium ohtusum Nutt.)
Parnassia palustris L. Grass of Parnassus.
Parnassia parviflora DC. Grass of Parnassus.
Phacelia Franklinii (R. Br.) Gray.
Polygonum lapathifolium incanum (Sclimidt) Koch. Knotweed.
Potentilla Robbinsiana Oakes.
(Potentilla frigida A. Gray.)
Ranunculus reptans intermedins (Hook.) T. & G. Creeping Spearwort.
(Ranunculus Flammula intermedins Hook.)
Rosa Engelmanni Watson. Rose.
Rosa Sayi Schwein. Rose.
Rumex salicifolius Weinm. White Dock.
Sorbus sambucifolia (C. & S.) Roem. Western Mountain Ash.
(Pyrus sambucifolia Cham. & Sclilecht.)
Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. Wolfberry.
TREES OF MICHIGAN COMPARED WITH THOSE OF EUROPE.
Michigan is very rich in trees. If we have counted correctly there are
90 species of indigenous trees and three exotics which have escaped from
cultivation.
To comprehend the relative importance of our trees, let us glance at
the forests of Great Britain. Great Britain and Ireland contain 121,260
square miles of land, Michigan 00,000, a little less than one-half as much
as Great Britain. She has one species of basswood not so good as ours ;
one maple not over twenty feet high ; one cherry from ten to twenty feet
high; one small ash, two elms, two poplars, one beech, which grows very
large but not very high; one small white birch, one species of pine, by
no means a match for our white pine; a species of oak which sometimes
grows to a great size.
Great Britain has about ten species of trees native to her soil. Michigan,
with half the territory, has eighty-five species. Great Britain has no
whitewood, no white or red cedar, no walnuts or hickories. Michigan has
six species of maple of tree size, a basswood, a whitewood, honey locust,
Kentucky coffee tree, three cherries, a pepperidge, five species of ash, a
22 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
sassafras, three elms, a hackberrv, a mulberry, a buttonwood. black wal-
nut, butternut, eight hickories, thirteen oaks, a chestnut, a beech, four tree
birches, three willows of tree size, five poplars, three pines, three spruces,
one hemlock, a balsam fir, one larch, one arbor-vitfe and a red cedar.
In all Europe there are only 85 species of trees.
WHY HAS MICHIGAN SO MANY TREES AND GREAT BRITAIN SO FEW.
This question now very naturally arises : Why has the Atlantic region,
including Michigan, so many species of trees and why has Europe so few?
Certainly we cannot attribute this difference to a defective soil and
climate of Europe, as they now exist, for Europe can grow all sorts of
trees now found in the temperate zone, while "(Ireat Britain alone can
grow double or treble the number of trees that the Atlantic States can."
The former geological conditions of their continents help to explain all
this difference in the distribution of trees to the entire satisfaction of
scientists.
Away back in the Tertiary Period the trees of the regions now possess-
ing an arctic climate were such as now thrive in a warm temperate zone
like that of Georgia and California. This is well illustrated by the
abundant fossil remains of trees. Following this, came a long time when
extreme cold prevailed, known as the Glacial Epoch, when snow and ice
for most or all of the year extended to the Ohio river. At the approach of
cold, the trees slowly retreated southward, as generation followed genera-
tion. The plants such as now thrive in southern Michigan, perhaps then
extended to what now forms the State of Alabama, while the arctic plants
reached Ohio.
As the climate again gradually grew warmer, the trees and other plants
slowly migrated northward. Some arctic plants were stranded on the
White mountains and in Labrador, where they still remain ; others went
farther north.
Plants of the cool temperate zone reached Michigan. In a similar man-
ner, during the Glacial Epoch the plants of Europe were driven south-
ward. The Alps, the Pyrenees, the Appenines, the Caucasus, still contain
some of these arctic plants which retreated there at the close of the
Glacial Epoch. Most of the plants of the warm temperate region had
perished and therefore were unable to retreat when the continent became
warmer.
I quote the words of Dr. A. Gray, from whom other hints are taken, as
found in the American Journal of Science, page 1!»4, 1878. ''I conceive
that three things have conspired to this loss. First, Europe hardly ex-
tending south of latitude 40°, is all within the limits generally assigned
to severe glacial action. Second, its mountains trend east and west, from
the Pyrenees to the Carpathians and the Caucasus beyond, near its
southern border; and they had glaciers of their own, which must have
begun operations, and i)oured down the northward flanks, wliile the plains
were still covered with forest on the retreat from the great ice wave
coming from the north. Attacked both on front and rear, much of the
forest must have perished then and there. Third, across the line of re-
treat of those which may liave flanked the mountain ranges, or were
stationed south of them, stretched the Mediterranean, an impassable
barrier.
"Greenland may be referred to, by way of comparison, as a country
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 23
which, haviiiji' undorfjjone extreme glaciation, licais the marks of it in the
extreme ])()vert_v of its flora, and in the absence of Ihe phmts to whicli its
southern portion, extendinj; six dej-rees below the arctic circle, might be
entitled. It ought to have trees, and miglit sn]i])ort them. But since
destruction by glacial ion, no way has been ojkmi foi- their return.
''In the American continent the mountains run north and south. The
trees, when touched on the north by the on-coming refrigeration, had only
to move their southern border southward, along an open way. and there
was no ini])ediment to their due return. So our lines have been cast in
pleasant places, and the goodly heritage of forest trees is one of the
consequences."
NATIVE FORAGE PLANTS.
The native grasses while young, from early spring to winter, without
exception, furnish a tender bite which is very acce])table to all sorts of
horses, cattle, sheep, and even swine and poultry. Most of the native
grasses (about 1-0 in number) gi-ow in isolated bunches, more or less fre-
quent, and furnish but little food, while a considerable ])ortion soon
become unpalatable as the summer ai)proaches. The most important
native grasses for jtasture or meadow are found in open places and are:
June grass (not native), fowl meadow-grass, and several other si)ecies of
Poa which have no well-known common name; several manna-grasses
{PanicitJaria) ; a few small fescues, two or three Eatonias; blue-joint, two
or three snmll redto])S. and several species of ]\Iuhlenberg"s grass, two or
three kinds of mountain rice, reed-grass, two beard-grasses, and several
panic grasses. The following, though quickly and thoroughly dissemi-
nated, are not native to our State : Barn-yard grass, crait-grass, foxtail or
pigeon-grass, sweet vernal-grass, Timothy, meadow foxtail, the larger red-
top so popular for lowlands, tall oat-gTass, orchard grass, tall fescue,
perennial rye-grass, quick-grass.
Besides the true grasses, there are about one hundred and eighty species
of grass-like plants mostly found on marshes, which are called sedges.
They are mostly confounded with the gi'asses except by the botanist. In
addition to these are some twenty-five other narrow-leaved and grass-
like plants known as rushcfi which furnish more or less herbage. Many
of the sedges and rushes make hay of fair quality when cut early before
they become harsh and woody.
On the Jack-i»ine plains ancl iii many other portions of the sandy stuni})-
lands in the northern counties are two species of sedges found abundantly
on dry land. These are Vare.r Pciiti.sj/lraiiicd Lam., and (\ \in\hcUata
vicina Dewey; they are popularly called grasses by the residents of those
counties. Inquiries have fre(|uently been made concerning the name, and
statements made to the effect that they were very nutritious and that
cattle got fat on them early in the sjjring. So far as I have observed,
cattle prefer something else as it starts in s])ring, thus leaving the sedges
untouched to grow all summer and remain green undei- the snow till the
following spring. In spring the cattle eagerly devour the last year's
growth of the sedges and thrive on it. This is but another evidence that
the quality of the fodder is not of so great importance, provided animals
can get enough of it. and can be induced to eat it.
Besides the native grasses, sedges and rushes, there are great numbers of
other herbaceous plants, usually one here and there which are eaten by
24 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. -
hungry stock. Leaves and the tender growth of shrubs and young trees
are often eaten in great quantities, and in times of scarcity cattle get
astride of young trees bending down the tops so as to reach the knaves and
twigs. Sheep eat the greatest variety of plants and llius where they feed
closely are valuable aids in the clearing of a new country. They eat briars,
elders and sprouts of stumps, but will leave some things which they do not
like. The weeds that are thus left have an excellent chance to spread and
in time occupy much of the ground once covered by the nutritious and
edible plants which have been removed. Here we see one of the most ex-
cellent reasons for the interference of man in removing the weeds and in
encouraging the introduction of the more valuable fodder plants. While
these early native pastures and meadows are of incalculable value to the
pioneer, without some care they soon deteriorate.
In times of great scarcity of feed in a new country-, farmers used to fell
trees that cattle might eat the twigs, or "'browse." which contain much
starch and protoplasm stored away by the trees ready to be used in giving
the young growth a start on the approach of warm weather.
Michigan has no native species of clover.
NATIVE BEE PLANTS.
In Michigan there is a very large number of plants which furnish a
good quality of honey. If the species is abundant in any region, it usually
becomes known to the apiarist as a good bee plant ; if not abundant it very
likely fails to attract attention. A plant may be rare or important in one
region and abundant in another. In autumn, asters and golden rods are
known as excellent bee ])lants, because some few of the many species in
the State are plentiful in nearly every neighborhood, but the same sorts
of asters or golden rods do not everywhere throughout the State furnish a
great amount of the honey. As a rule those plants which produce odor-
ous or showy flowers afllord honey and will be visited by honey bees unless
the flower is of a shape which makes it impossible for the bee to reach the
food.
Probably in the State there are of native plants, introduced weeds and
field crops, a thousand species which furnish excellent food for bees. This
is nearly one hundred times as many as the bee keeper has in mind,
unless he has given unusual attention to the subject.
Our open low lands furnish a large proportion of the l»ee pasture; the
forest some ; the weeds and soine of the field, garden and orchai-d crops a
fair amount. Extremely dry or very wet weather are both unfavorable to
the yield of honey. Drainage of the swamps and the clearing of waste
places are unfavorable to the interests of the bee keeper.
As the botanist now looks at the subject, colors and odors are mere
advertisements to call the attention of insects to the rich supplies of food
in store for them. It may be said that the honey is there for the bees,
but primarily it is there for the good of the plant, secondarily for the
good of the insect. Had good old Dr. Watts lived in our day, he would
have no doubt written his familiar verse in this way :
How doth the little busy bee
Improve each shining hour!
By carrying pollen day by day
To fertilize each flower.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 25
WEEDS. NATIVE AND INTRODUCED.
A new country is comparatively free from weeds, hiil as the years pass
by, one after another, weeds are introduced. Some of them are natives of
the neijiliborhoods in wliich they are found, hut most of them have been
introduced from other portions of our own country or fi'om f(u'eign coun-
tries. The farmer is not inclined to adopt Emerson's notion of a weed as
^'a plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered," at least he doesn't
purpose trying to find a use for them. The seeds of most weeds find their
way onto a farm nicely mixed with seeds of grasses, grains and cloviis,
which are drilled in or sowed broadcast on fertile soil, where they are
afforded an excellent o])portunity to grow and multi])ly. In some in-
stances weeds are inti'oduccd as a jiart of the packing or straw employed
to protect castings, marble, crockery or fruit trees. Such foi-eign j)acking
should always be burned at once.
By these processes the older the country the more trouljlesome weeds ii
will have, as every new intruder usually comes t-o aiax. In most cases a
weed becomes well established before it is discovered and the inquiry
comes: "What is it, and how can I get rid of it?"
Weeds are likely to become most troublesome, where farmers are
slovenly and where they are not thorough in cultivating throughout the
season the so-called "hoed crops." In regions where "hoed crops" are
seldom raised or only raised in small quantity, certain weeds are likely to
prove very annoying. The majority of our weeds have been introduced
from Europe, as will be seen by a comparison of the two lists which
follow :
LIST OF WEEDS INTRODUCED UROM EUROPE AND ASIA.
The List includes at least seventy-eight species, and very likely more.
Abutilon Abutilon (L.) Rusby. Velvet Leaf.
(Abutilon Avicennce Gaertn.)
Agrostemraa Githago L. Corn Cockle.
(Lychnis Gitlwgo Scop.)
Alsine media Iv. Common Clickweed.
iStellaria media Cyr.)
Alyssum alyssoides (L.) Gouan. Yellow Alyssum.
(Alyssum cahjcinum L.)
Amaranthus hybridus L. Slender Pigweed.
(Amaranthus chJorostachys Willd.)
Amaranthus retroflexus L. Rough Pigweed.
Anthemis Cotula L. May-weed.
Arctium Lappa L. Burdock.
Brassica arvensis (L.) B. S. P. Charlock.
(Brassica Si7iapistru7n Boiss.)
Brassica juncea (L.) Cosson. Indian Mustard.
Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard.
Bromus hordeaceus L. Soft-Chess.
{Bromus mollis L.)
Bromus racemosus L. Upright-Chess.
Bromus secalinus L. Cheat. Chess.
Bursa Bursa-pastoris (L.) Britton. Shepherd's Purse.
(Capsella Bursa-pastoris Medic.)
Camelina microcarpa Andrz. SmaU-fruited False-flax.
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. False-flax.
Carduus arvensis (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle.
(Cnicus arvensis Hoffm.)
Carduus lanceolatus L. Common or Bull Thistle.
(Cnictcs lanceolatus Willd.)
4
26 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Chaetochloa glauca (L.) Scribn. Yellow Fox-tail.
(Setaria glauca Beauv.)
Chaetochloa viridis (L.) Scribn. Green Fox-tail.
{Setaria viridis Beauv.)
Chenopodium album L. Lamb's Quarters. Pigweed.
Chenopedium glaucum L. Oak-leaved Goosefoot.
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum L. White Daisy. Ox-Eye Daisy.
Cichorium Intybus L. Chicory.
Conium maculatum L. Poison Hemlock.
Convolvulus arvensis L. Bindweed.
Cynoglossum officinale L. Hound's-Tongue.
Datura Stramonium L. Stramonium. Thorn-apple.
Datura Tatula L. Purple Thorn-apple.
Daucus Carota L. Carrot.
Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. Sand Rocket,
(Sisymbrium murale L.)
Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. Wild Teasel.
Echinops sphaerocephalus L.
Eragrostis major Host. Stink grass.
Euphorbia Cyparissias L. Cypress Spurge.
Hypericum perforatum L. St. John's wort.
Inula Helenium L. Elecampane.
Lactuca Scariola L. Prickly Lettuce.
Lappula Lappula (L.) Karst. Stickseed.
(Echinospermum Lappula Lehm.)
Leonurus Cardiaca L. Motherwort.
Lepidium apetalum Willd. Apetalous Pepper-grass.
(Lepidium intermedium A. Gray.)
Lepidium sativum L. Pepper-grass.
Linaria Linaria (L. ) Karst. Butter-and-eggs. Toad-flax.
{Linaria vulgaris Mill.)
Lithospermum arvense L. Red root. Corn Gromwell. Wheat Thief.
Malva rotundifolia L. Common Mallow.
Medicago lupulina L. Black Medic.
Melilotus alba Desf. White Melilot. Sweet Clover.
■ Nepeta Cataria L. Catnep. Catmint.
Panicum capillare L. Witch Grass.
Panicum Crus galli L. Barnyard-Grass.
Plantago lanceoata L. Ribgrass. English Plantain.
Polygonum Convolvulus L. Black Bindweed.
Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane.
Ranunculus acris L. Buttercup.
Ranunculus bulbosus L. Buttercup.
Ranunculus repens L. Creeping Buttercup.
Roripa sylvestris (L. ) Bess. Yellow Water-cress.
(Nasturtium sylvestre R. Br.)
Rumex Acetosella L. Field or Sheep Sorrel.
Rumex crispus L. Curled Dock.
Rumex obtusifolius L. Bitter Dock.
Salsola Tragus Ty. Russian Thistle.
Saponaria officinalis L. Soapwort. Bouncing Bet.
Silene noctiflora L. Night-flowering Catchfly.
Silene vulgaris (Moench) GarcRe. Bladder Campion.
(Silene Cucubalus Wibel.)
Sisymbrium altissimum L. Tall Sisymbrium.
Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Hedge Mustard.
Sonchus arvensis L. Sow-Thistle.
Sonchus asper (L.) All. Spiny-leaved Sow-Thistle.
Sonchus oleraceus L. Snow-Thistle.
Syntherisma linearis (Krock.) Nash. Small Grab-grass.
(Panicum glabrum Gaud.)
Syntherisma sanguinalis (L. ) Dulac. Crab-grass.
(Panicum sanguinale L.
Tanacetum vulgare L. Common Tansy.
Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 27
(Taraxacum officinale Weber.)
Tragopogon pratensis L. Goat's-beard.
Verbascum Blattaria L. Moth Mullen.
Verbascum Thapsus L. Mullen.
Xanthium spinosum L. Spiny Clot-bur.
LIST OF INDIGENOUS WEEDS.
This includes thirty-two species and very likely many more.
Acnida tamariscina tuberculata (Moq.) Uline & Bray. Water-hemp.
Acnida tamariscina prostrata Uline & Bray. Prostrate water-hemp.
Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. Prostrate Amaranth.
Amaranthus graecizans L. Tumble-weed.
(Aviaranthtis albus L.) Tumble-weed.
Ambrosia artemisiaefolia L. Roman Wormwood. Hogweed. Ragweed.
Artemisia biennis Willd. Biennial Wormwood.
Asclepias Syriaca L. Common Milkweed.
(Asclepias Coniuti Decaisne.)
Bidens frondosa L. Beggar-ticks. Stick-tight.
Cenchrus tribuloides L. Hedge-hog or Bur-grass.
Chenopodium hybridum L. Maple-leaved Goosefoot.
Cyperus rotundus L. Nut-grass.
Cyperus esculentus L. Nut-Grass.
Erigeron annuus (L. ) Pers. Fleabane.
Erigeron ramosus (Wall.) B. S. P. Daisy Fleabane.
(Erigeron strigosus Muhl.)
Euphorbia maculata L. Spotted Spurge.
Euphorbia nutans Lag. Spurge.
(Euphorbia Preslii Guss.)
Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers. Pennyroyal.
Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke.
Iva xanthiifolia (Fresen.) Nutt. Marsh Elder.
Lepidium Virginicum L. Peppergrass.
Leptilon Canadense (L.) Britton. Horse-weed. Fleabane.
(Erigeron Canadensis L.)
Onagra biennis (L.) Scop. Evening-primrose.
(CEnothera hiennis L.)
Panicum .capillare L. Old-witch Grass.
Plantago major L. Plantain.
Plantago Rugelii Decaisne. Plantain.
Polygonum aviculare L. Knotgrass.
Polygonum erectum L. Erect Knotgrass.
Polygonum littorale Link. Shore Knotweed.
Prunella vulgaris L. Heal-all.
(Brunella vulgaris L. )
Rudbeckia hirta L. Yellow Daisy. Black-eyed Susan.
Urtlca gracilis Ait. Tall Wild Nettle.
Xanthium Canadense Mill. Cocklebur. Clotbur.
NATIVE rOISONOUS PLANTS.
Besides two species of nettles. Urtica gracili.<i Ait., and Urficastriim
divoricati())i (L.) Kiintze, there are only two species of native plants
which are of any prominence as poisonous to the touch, and often these
two are not poisonous to all ])ersons. The latter j)lants or shrubs are
known as poison sumach or jtoison dogwood (/j'/n/.s Vcmix Ij.) , and poison
ivy, or poison oak {Rhus radicans L.). The last named plant is the
most troublesome, as it is often common on dry land, while the one
previously noticed is confined to swamps which are not so often fre-
quented. Poison ivy has three leaflets to each leaf, while the handsome
Virginian ('ree])er, often confounded with it. usually has five leallets to
the leaf, and is harmless. The roots, leaves or flowers of manv of the
28 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.*
medicinal plants are more or less poisonous when eaten in sufficient
quantity, but fortunately, in nearly all such cases, there is something
repulsive to the taste or to the smell. Unless one is a botanist or takes
the advice of a good botanist, it is safest to let strange plants alone.
NATIVE PLANTS FAST DISAPPEARING.
The fathers and grandfathers of many of us spent a considerable por-
tion of their energies in clearing away trees, shrubs, and breaking up the
land that they might have fertile fields. The newer portions of our State
are still ra|)idly undergoing this same transition.
As the country becomes older and. more thickly settled almost every-
thing seems to conspire against the trees and smaller plants. Proprietors
are still making extensions to their clearings. The "tidy" farmer ditches
the cat-holes and marshes, clears out the elders and viburnums to make
more room for turnips and better grasses. He turns stock into the wood
lot and the Howers of spring and summer retreat to the brush-heaps and a
few places inaccessible to the cattle. Fire burns out the dried-up swamps.
The ofiflcers of the railroad see that the strips alongside the track are often-
mowed. The highways are attacked and the larger vegetation removed.
In places, nurserymen or their agents collect large numbers of the choicer
wild plants, as prairie roses and lady's slippers. Near high schools and
colleges, the student collectors exterminate mau}^ choice plants, root and
branch. Many wild plants vigorously protest against these attempts to-
ward their extermination, and start again and again to recover the lost
ground, but with the hand of a thorough farmer against them, sooner or
later they succumb, the scattered remnants only 'surviving in the few re-
maining sAvamps, along railroads, on a few ragged hills and out of the
way places.
Let me utter a vigorous protest against the practice of collecting great
quantities of fiowers, just to carry home and throw away. And may I
hope that every teacher who chances to read this ])aragraph will also
utter a protest against this practice?
LIST OF TREES INDIGENOUS TO MICHIGAN.
The distinction between a tree and a shrub is a purely arbitrary one.
If the trunk attains a diameter of one foot the species ranks as a. tree, if
less than a foot it ranks as a shrub. The papaw and the witch-hazel rank
as trees in some regions of the country, but in Michigan I have not in-
cluded them in the list of trees of the State. I enumerate ninety trees
for Michigan.
Abies balsamea (L.) Miller. Balsam Fir.
Acer Negundo L. Box Elder. Ash-leaved Maple. Box Elder.
{Negimdo aceroides Moench.)
Acer nigrum Michx. Black Sugar Maple.
{Acer saccharinum nigrum T. & G.)
Acer Pennsylvanicum L. Striped maple.
Acer rubrum L. Red Maple. Soft Maple.
Acer saccharinum L. Silver Maple. Soft Maple.
{Acer dasycarpum Ehrh.)
Acer Saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple.
{Acer saccharinum Wang.)
yEsculus glabra Willd. Fetid or Ohio Buckeye.
Amelanchier Botryapium (L. f.) DC. Shad-bush.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 29
Amelanchier Canadensis (L.) Medic. Shad-bush. June-berry.
Betula lenia I.. Cherry Birch. Sweet B. Black B.
Betula lutea Michx. f. Yellow or Gray Birch.
Betula papyrifera Marshall. Paper or Canoe Birch.
Carpinus Caroliniana Walt. Blue Beech.
Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. Chestnut.
iCastanea sativa Americana A. Gray.)
Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry.
Cercis Canadensis L. Red Bud. Judas tree.
Cornus florida L. Flowering Dogwood.
Crataegus Crus-galli L. Cockspur Thorn.
Crataegus gemmosa Sargent.
Crataegus macracantha Lodd. I.ong-spined Thorn.
{Crataegus covcinea macracantha Dudley.)
Crataeglis mollis (T. & G.) Scheele. Hawthorn.
(Crataegus coccinea mollis Torr & Gray.)
Crataeglis punctata Jacq. Hawthorn.
Crataegus tomentosa L. Hawthorn.
Fagus Americana Sweet. Beech.
(Fagus ferrugiuea Ait.)
Fraxinus Americana L. White Ash.
Fraxinus lanceolata Borck. Green Ash.
{Fraxinus viridis Michx.)
Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black Ash.
{Fraxinus samhucifolia Lam.)
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marsh. Red Ash.
{Fraximis puhescens Lam.)
Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue Ash.
Gleditsia triacanthos L. Honey-Locust.
Gymmocladus dioica (L.) Koch. Kentucky Coffee-tree.
{Gymmocladns Canadensis Lam.)
Hicoria alba (T-.) Britton. Mocker-nut.
{Carya tomentosa Nutt.)
Hicoria borealis Ashe. Northern Hickory.
Hicoria glabra ( Mill. ) Britton. Pig-nut Hickory.
(Carya porcina Nutt.)
Hicoria laciniosa (.Michx. f. ) Sargent. King-nut, Big Shell-bark Hickory.
(Carya sulcata Nutt.)
Hicoria microcarpa (Nutt.) Britton. Small Pig-nut Hickory.
(Carya microcarpa Nutt.)
Hicoria minima (Marsh.) Britton. Bitter-nut Hickory.
(Carya amara Nutt.)
Hicoria ovata (Mill.) Britton. Shag-bark Hickory.
(Carya alba Nutt.)
Hicoria villosa Ashe.
Juglans cinerea L. Butternut.
■Juglans nigra I.. Black Walnut.
Juniperus Virginiana L. Red Cedar.
Larix laricina (Du Roi.) Koch. Tamarack. American Larch.
(Larix Americana Michx.)
Liriodendron Tulipifera L. Tulip-tree. Whitewood.
Morus rubra L. Red Mulberry.
Nyssa sylvatica ^larsh. Pepperidge. Tupelo. Black or Sour Gum.
Ostrya Virginiana (Mill.) Willd. Ironwood. Hop-hornbeam.
Picea brevifolia Peck. Swamp Spruce.
Picea Canadensis (Mill.) B. S. P.
(Picea alba Link.)
Picea Mariana (Mill.) B. S. P. Black Spruce.
(Picea nigra Link.)
Pinus divaricata (Ait.) Gord. Jack or Scrub Pine.
(Pinus Banksiana Lambert.)
Pinus resinosa Ait. Norway or Red Pine.
Pinus Strobus L. White Pine.
Platanus occidentalis L. Buttonwood. Sycamore.
Populus balsamifera L. Balsam Poplar.
30 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Populus candicans Ait. Balm of Gilead.
(P. balsamifera ca7idicans A. Gray.)
Populus deltoides Marsh. Cottonwood.
(Populus vionUifera Ait.)
Populus grandidentata Michx. Large-toothed Aspen.
Populus heterophylla L. Downy Poplar.
Populus tremuloides Michx. American Aspen.
Prunus nigra Ait. Canada Plum. Horse Plum.
Prunus Pennsylvanica L. f. Wild Red Cherry. Pin Cherry.
Prunus serotina Ehrh. Black Cherry.
Prunus Virginiana L. Choke Cherry.
Quercus acuminata (Michx.) Houda. Chestnut Oak.
{Quercus Muhlenhergii Engelm.)
Quercus alba L. White Oak.
Quercus Alexanderi Britton. Alexander's Oak. *
Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill. Hill's Oak.
Quercus coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak.
Quercus imbricaria Michx. Shingle Oak.
Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur Oak.
Quercus minor (Marsh.) Sargent. Post Oak.
{Quercus obtusiloba Michx.)
Quercus palustris DuRoi. Pin Oak.
Quercus platanoides (Lam.) Sudw. Swamp White Oak.
{Quercus bicolor Willd.)
Quercus rubra L. Red Oak.
Quercus Schneckii Britton. Schneck's red oak.
{Q. Texana Sargent.)
Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak.
{Quercus tinctoria Bartram.)
Salix amygdaloides Anders. Willow.
Salix nigra Marsh. Black Willow.
Sassafras Sassafras (L.) Karst. Sassafras.
{Sassafras officinale Nees.)
Sorbus Americana Marsh. American Mountain Ash.
{Pyrus Americana DC.)
Sorbus sambucifolia (C. & S.) Roem. Western Mountain Ash.
{Pyrus sambucifolia C. & S.)
Thuja occidentalis L. White Cedar. Arbor Vitae.
Tilia Americana L. Basswood. Linden.
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock.
Ulmus Americana L. American Elm.
Ulmus fulva Michx. Slippery or Red Elm.
Ulmus racemosa Thomas. Rock Elm.
Viburnum Lentago L. Sheep-berry.
Four or more hybrid oaks have been found, but these were not enumerated above.
They are: Quercus albaX macrocarpa, Quercus Leana,== Q. velutinaX imbricaria,
Quercus platanoides X macrocarpa, Quercus imbricaria X rubra.
LIST OF SHRUBS INDIGENOUS TO MICHIGAN.
There are two hundred and nine species and varieties.
Acer Pennsylvanicum L. Striped Maple.
Acer spicatum Lam. Mountain Maple.
Alnus Alnobetula (Ehrh.) K. Koch. Green Alder.
(Alnus viridis DC.)
Alnus incana (L.) Willd. Speckled Alder.
Alnus rugosa (DuRoi.) K. Koch. Smooth Alder.
Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. June or Service Berry.
Amelanchier rotundifolia (Michx.) Roem. June or Service Berry.
Amorpha canescens Pursh. Lead-plant.
Andromeda Polifolia L. Wild Rosemary.
Aralia hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsaparilla.
Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi (L.) Spreng. Bearberry.
Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Medic. Red Chokeberry.
Aronia nigra (Willd.) Britton. Black Chokeberry.
BEAL ON MICHKJAN FLORA. 31
(Pyrus arbutifolin L. f.)
Aronia nisra (Willd.) Britton.
(Pyrus arhutifolia melanocarpa Hook.)
Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. Papaw.
Benzoin Benzoin (L. ) Coulter. Spice-bush.
{Linclera Benzoin Blume. )
Betula glandulosa Michx. Glandular Birch.
Betula pumila L. Low Birch.
Ceanothus Americanus L. New Jersey Tea. Red-root.
Ceanothus ovatus Desf. Smaller Red-root.
Celastrus scandens I>. Shrubby or Climbing Bittersweet.
Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Button-bush.
Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench. Leather-leaf.
(Cassandra calyculata D. Don.)
Comptonia peregrinia (L. ) Coulter. Sweet-fern.
(Myrica asplenifolia L. )
Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternate-leaved Cornel.
Cornus Amonum Mill. Kinnikinnik.
(Cornus scricca L.)
Cornus Baileyi Coult. & Evans. Bailey's Cornel.
Cornus candidissima Marsh. Panicled Cornel.
(Cornus paniculata L. Her.)
Cornus circinata L. Her. Round-leaved Cornel.
Cornus stolonifera Michx. Red-osier Cornel.
Cornus stricta Lam. Stiff Cornel.
Corylus Americana Walt. Hazel-nut.
Corylus rostrata Ait. Beaked Hazel-nut.
Crataegus acutiloba Sargent.
Crataegus albicans Ashe.
Crataegus altrix Ashe.
Crataegus ater Ashe.
Crataegus attenuata Ashe.
Crataegus borealis Ashe.
Crataegus brevispina (Dougl.) Farwell.
(Crataegus punctata brevispina Dougl.)
Crataegus caesa Ashe.
Crataegus coccinea L.
Crataegus decans Ashe.
Crataegus Dodgei Ashe.
Crataegus fallax Ashe.
Crataegus filipes Ashe.
Crataegus glareola Ashe.
Crataegus immanis Ashe.
Crataegus latisepala Ashe.
Crataegus lanta Ashe.
Crataegus lumaria Ashe.
Crataegus Michiganensis, Ashe.
Crataegus nuperia Ashe.
Crataegus obtecta Ashe.
Crataegus onusta Ashe.
Crataegus pascens Ashe.
Crataegus pastora Sargent.
Crataegus prona Ashe.
Crataegus prunifolia (Marsh.) Pers.
Crataegus pubifolia Ashe.
Crataegus pubipes Ashe.
Crataegus rotundifolia (Ehrh.) Borck.
Crataegus redolans Ashe.
Crataegus sera Sargent.
Crataegus structilis Ashe.
Crataegus tenax Ashe.
Crataegus virella Ashe.
Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rybd. Shrubby Cinquefoil.
(PotentiUa fruticosa L.)
Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. Willow Herb.
32 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE."
Diervilla Diervilla (L.) :Mac M. Bush Honeysuckle.
(Diervilla trifida. Moench.)
Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry.
Epigaea repens L. Trailing Arbutus. Mayflower.
Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. Burning Bush. Wahoo.
Euonvmus obovatus Nutt. Running Strawberry Bush.
(Enonymus Atnericanits obovatus T. & G. )
Gaylussacia resinosa (Ait.) T. & G. Black Huckleberry.
Hypericum Kalmianum L. Kalm's St. John's-wort.
Hypericum prolificum L. Shrubby St. John's-wort.
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray. Winter-berry.
llicioides mucronata (L.) Britton. Mountain Holly.
(Nemopanthes Canadensis DC.)
Kalmia angustifolia L. Sheep-laurel.
Kalmia glauca Ait. Swamp-laurel.
Ledum Groenlandicum CElder. Labrador Tea.
(Ledum latifolium Ait.)
Lepargyraea argentea (Nutt.) Greene. Buffalo-berry.
( Shepherdia argenta Nutt.)
Lonicera Caprifolium L. Perfoliate Honeysuckle.
{Lonicera grata Ait.)
Lo.nicera ciliata Muhl. Fly Honeysuckle.
Lonicera coerulea L. Mountain Fly-Honeysuckle.
Lonicera dioica L. Glaucous Honeysuckle.
[Lonicera glauca Hill.)
Lonicera glaucescens Rydb. Douglas' Honeysuckle.
Lonicera hirsuta Eaton. Hairy Honeysuckle.
Lonicera involucrata (Richards) Banks.
Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. Swamp Fly-Honeysuckle.
Malus coronaria (L.) Mill. American Crab Apple.
(Pyrus coronaria L.)
Menispermum Canadense L. Moonseed.
Myrica cerifera L. Bayberry. Wax-myrtle.
Myrica Gale L. Sweet Gale.
Opulaster opulifolius (L.) Kuntze. Ninebark.
{Physocarpus opulifolius Maxim.)
Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pers. Large Cranberry.
(Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.)
Oxycoccus Oxycoccus (L.) MacM. Small Cranberry.
{Vaccinium Oxycoccus L.)
Parihenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia Creeper.
i Ampelopsis quinquefolia Michx.)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia laciniata Planch.
( Parthenocissus vitacea Planch.)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia hirsuta (Knerr.) T. & G.
Polycodium stamineum (L.) Greene. Deerberry.
(Vaccinium staminium L.)
Prunus Americana .Marsh. Wild Yellow or Red Plum.
Prunus pumila L. Sand Cherry. Dwarf Cherry.
Ptelea irifoliata L. Hop-tree. Wafer-ash.
Quercus prinoides Willd. Dwarf Chestnut Oak.
Rhamnus alnifolia L'Her. Dwarf Alder.
Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumach.
(Rhus Canadensis Marsh.)
Rhus copalina L. Dwarf Sumach.
Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumach.
Rhus hirta (L.) Sudw. Staghorn Sumach.
(Rhus typhina L.)
Rhus radicans L. Poison Ivy.
(Rhus Toxicodendron radicans Marsh.)
Rhus Vernix L. Poison Sumach.
(Rhus venenata DC.)
Ribes Cynosbari L. Prickly Gooseberry.
Ribes floridum L'Her. Wild Black Currant.
Ribes gra''-!lp -MiV-lix. .Missouri Gooseberry.
BEAL ON .MICHIGAN FLORA. 33
Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. Swamp Gooseberry.
Jiibcs oxyacanthoides lacustre Pers.
Ribes oxyacanthoides L. Swamp Gooseberry.
Ribes prostraiiim L'Her. Fetid Currant.
Ribes roiundifolium Michx. Round-leaved Gooseberry.
Ribes rubrum L. Red Currant.
(Ribes rulntm subglandulosiim Maxim.)
Rosa Arkansana Portei'.
Rosa blanda Ait.
Rosa Carolina L. Swamp Rose.
Rosa Carolina X humilis C. F. Wheeler. A hybrid.
Rosa Engelmanni S. Wats.
Rosa humilis Marsh. Low Rose.
Rosa Sayi Schwein. Say's Rose.
Rosa setigera Michx. Prairie Rose.
Rubus Americanus (Pers.) Britton.
(Riibus trifl07-us Richards.)
Rubus Canadensis L. Low Dewberry.
(Ricbus Millspaughii Britton.)
Rubus hispidus L. Running Swamp Dewberry.
Rubus nigrobaccus Bailey. Blackberry.
(Rubus villosus Ait.)
Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry.
Rubus odoratus L. Purple Flowering-raspberry.
Rubus parviflorus Nuti. Salmon-Berry.
(Rubus l\utkanus Mocino.)
Rubus setosus Bigel. Bristly Blackberry.
Rubus strigosus Michx. Wild Red Raspberry.
Salix adenophylla Hook. Tomentose Willow.
Salix amygdaloides Anders. Peach-leaved Willow.
Salix balsamifera (.Hook) Barratt. Balsam AVillow.
Salix balsamifera lanceolata Bebb.
Salix balsamifera vegeta Bebb.
Salix Bebbiana Sargent. Bebb's Willow.
(^alix rostrata Richards.)
Salix Candida Fluegge. Hoary Willow.
Salix Candida X cordata Bebb. A hybrid.
Salix cordata Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow.
Salix cordata X sericea Bebb.
Salix discolor Muhl. Glaucous Willow.
Salix discolor X eriocephala Anders.
Salix discolor X prinoides (Purshi Anders.
Salix fiuviatilis Nutt. Sandbar Willow.
(Salix longifolia Muhl.)
Salix fragilis L.
Salix fragilis X alba Wimmer.
Salix glaucophylla Bebb. Broad-leaved Willow.
Salix glaucophyllaX angustitolia Bebb.
Salix glaucophyllaX brevifolia Bebb.
Salix humilis Marshall. Prairie Willow.
Salix humilis X discolor Bebb.
Salix interior X Wheeleri Rowlee.
Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow.
Salix myrtilloides L. Myrtle Willow.
Salix myrtilloides X pedicellaris Anders.
Salix nigra Marshall. Black Willow.
Salix nigra falcata (Pursh) Torr.
Salix petiolaris J. E. Smith. Petioled Willow.
Salix petiolaris gracilis Anders.
Salix petiolaris X Candida Bebb.
Salix sericea Marsh. Silky Willow.
Salix sericea X Candida Bebb.
Salix tristis Ait. Dwarf Gray Willow.
Salix viminalis L. Basket Osier.
Sambucus Canadensis L. Purple-berried Elder.
34 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Sambucus pubens Michx. Red-berried Elder.
Smilax hispida Miitil. Green Briar.
Smilax rotundifolia L. Green Briar.
Spiraea salicifolia L. Willow-leaved Meadow-sweet.
Spiraea tomentosa L. Hardback.
Staphylea trifolia L. Bladdernut.
Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. Wolfberry.
Sympboricarpos pauciflorus (Robbins) Britton. Low Snowberry.
Symphoricarpos racemosus Michx. Snowberry.
Symphoricarpos Symphoricarpos (L.) MacM. Coral-berry. •*
CSymplioricarpos vulgaris Michx.)
Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. Dwarf Bilberry.
Vaccinium Canadense Richards. Canada Blueberry.
Vaccinium corymbosum L. Swamp-blueberry.
Vaccinium corymbosum amoenum A. Gray.
Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. Thin-leaved Bilberry.
{Vaccinium myrtilloides Hook.)
Vaccinium nigrum (Wood) Britton. Black Blueberry.
Vaccinium ovalifolium J. E. Smith. Oval-leaved Bilberry.
Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum Lam. Dwarf or Low-bush Blueberry.
Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum angustifolium (Ait.) A. Gray.
Vaccinium uliginosum L. Great Bilberry.
Vaccinium vacillans Kalm. Low Blueberry.
Viburnum acerifolium L. Maple-leaved Arrow-wood.
Viburnum alnifolium Marsh. Hobble-bush.
{Viburnum lantanoides Michx.)
Viburnum cassinoides L. Withe-rod.
Viburnum dentatum L. Arrow-wood.
Viburnum Opulus L. Cranberry-tree.
Viburnum pauciflorum Pylaie. Few-flowered Cranberry-tree.
Viburnum prunifolium L. Black Haw.
Viburnum pubescens (Ait.) Pursh.
Vitis aestivalis Michx. Summer Grape.
Vitis bicolor LeConte. Blue or Winter Grape.
Vitis cordifolia Michx. Forest Grape.
Vitis vulpina L. Riverside Grape.
{Vitis riparia Michx.)
Xanthoxylum Americanum Mill. Prickly Ash.
Xolisma ligustrina (L.) Britton. Privet Andromeda.
CATALOGUE.
Range of species north or south has been indicated by the following abbreviations
at the right: S. — 1st, 2d and 3d tiers of counties. C. — From 3d tier of counties
northward to Houghton Lake region. N. — Remainder of the Lower Peninsula,
L. P. — Lower Peninsula. U. P. — Upper Peninsula. Th.- — Whole State so far as
known. In a few instances S. E. and S. W. have been used to indicate the south-
eastern and southwestern parts of the Lower Peninsula. In case of rare or local
species, I have given all the localities known, but for more common ones, have
usually indicated only the range and relative frequency. Throughout the catalogue
B. & K. refer to notes of H. C. Beardslee and Chas. A. Kofoid. W. J. B.— W. J. Beal.
All plants which have been collected within ten miles of Lansing are indicated by
an asterisk.*
OPHIOGLOSSACEiE Piesl. Adder's-Tongue Family.
OPHIOGLOSSUM L.
1. 0. Engelmanni Prantl. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*2. 0. vulgatum L. Adder's tongue. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; due north of
the Agricultural College on the Zac. Chandler farm; very likely overlooked in most
places where it might be found. Rare.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 36
BOTRYCHIUM Swartz.
2a. B. boreale (Fries.) Milde. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
3. B. dissectum Spreni?. B. ternatuyn dissectum D. C. Eaton. South Haven,
Bailey; Detroit, Foerste; Alma, C. A. Davis; St. Clair Co., J. W. Stacey.
4. B. lanceolatum (S. G. Gmel.) Angstroem. Lance-leaved Grape-fern. Damp,
mo.ssy places. Lake Superior, H. Gillman; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
5. B. Lunaria (L.) Swartz. Moonwort. "Lake Superior (Lesquereux.) and
sparingly northward," Eaton in Gray's Manual; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
Harrisville, W. .T. B. Rare.
6. B. matricariae (Sehrank.) Spreng. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
7. B. matricariaefolium A. Braun. Dark, wet woods. Lake Superior, D. C.
Eaton; Keweenaw Co.. (). A. Farwell.
S. B. obliquum IMuhl. B. teniatiivi ohUquuvi D. C. Eaton. Pastures and
meadows. Fort Gratiot and S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Flint; S. Haven, Bailey; Ann
Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Gratiot Co.; Keweenaw Co., Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Ber-
rien Co., H. S. Pepoon. Infrequent.
Sa. B. obliquum intermedium (D. C. Eaton) Underw. B. ternanatum australe
D. C. Eaton. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
9. B. Onondagense Underw. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
10. B. simplex Hitchcock. Little Grape-fern. Hillsides. Westward to Lake
Superior, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; near Oscoda
in 1888, the only station known in the Lower Peninsula. Rare.
11. B. tenebrosum A. A. Eaton. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*12. B. Virginianum (L.) Swartz. Virginia Grape-Fern. Rich woods. Variable.
Common.
13. B. Virginianum gracile Pursh. With type.
OSMUNDACEiE R. Br. Royal Fern Family.
OSMUNDA L.
*18. 0. cinnamomea L. Cinnamon Fern. Swamps. Common.
*19. 0. Claytoniana L. Clayton's Fern. Moist grounds, common. Th.
*20. 0. regalis L. Flowering Fern. Swamps, common.
POLYPODIACE^ R. Br. Fern Family.
ONOCLEA L.
*21. 0. sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern. Wet places. Abundant. Th.
MATTEUCCIA Todaro. Onoclea L. in part.
*22. M. Struthiopteris (L.) Todaro. Ostrich Fern. Onoclea Struthiopteris (L.)
Hoffm. Alluvial soil. Infrequent. Th.
WOODSIA R. Br.
23. W. alpina (Bolton) S. F. Gray. Alpine Woodsia. W. hypcrborea R. Br.
U. P., O. A. Farwell.
24. W. Ilvensis (L.) R. Br. Rusty Woodsia. N. E., Winch. Cat.; Lake Superior,
Whitney Cat.; Lower Falls of the Quinnesec, E. J. Hill; Norway, C .F. Wheeler.
2.5. W. obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Blunt-lobed Woodsia. Rocky places. Huron Co.,
C. A. Davis. U. P. Not rare.
26. W. Oregana D. C. Eaton. Oregon Woodsia. Crevices of rocks south shore
of Lake Superior, Dr. Rob])ins in Gray's Manual.
27. W. scopulina D. C. Eaton. Rocky Mountain Woodsia. Rocks of the lower
falls of the Menominee river, C. F. Wheeler.
DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh. Dicksonia L'Her.
28. D. punctilobula (Michx.) Moore. Dicksonki punctUohula (Michx.) A. Gray.
Petoskey, Emmet Co.. Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
36 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
FILIX Adans. Cystopteris Bernh.
*29. F. bulbifera (L.) Underw. Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Bulblet
Fern. Moist shaded hillsides. Locally frequent. Th.
*30. F. fragilis (L.) Underw. Cystopteris fragiTis (L. ) Bernh. Brittle Fern.
Woods and river banks. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Flint; Hubbardston; Alma,
C. A. Davis; northward to Lake Superior, Whitney. Th.
31. F. fragilis tenue (Michx.) Cystopteris fi-agilis dentata Hook. Keweenaw
Co., and Ypsilanti, 0. A. Farwell.
32. F. montana (Lam.) Underw. Mountain Cystopteris. Cystopteris montana
(Lam.) Bernh. North shore of Lake Superior, Britton & Brown.
POLYSTICHUM Roth. Aspidium in part. «
33. P. acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott. Christmas Fern. Aspidium acrostichoides
Sw. Shady ground. Th.
34. P. Braunii (Spenner) F4e. Braun's Holly-fern. Aspidium aculeatum Braunii
Doell. Ontonagon Peninsula, Eaton's Ferns of N. A.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
35. P. Lonchitis (L.) Roth. Holly-Fern. Aspidium Loncliitis Sw. Woods south
shore of Lake Superior, Prof. Whitney; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
DRYOPTERIS Adans. Aspidium in part.
36. D. Boottii (Tuckerm.) Underw. Boott's Shield-fern. Aspidium Boottii
Tuckerm. Alder thickets. Hubbardston; Ann Arbor. Winch. Cat.; Norway, C. F.
Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*37. D. cristata (L. ) A. Gray. Crested Shield-fern. Aspidium cristatum Sw.
Swamps. Frequent. Th.
38. D. cristata Clintoniana (D. C. Eaton) Underw. Aspidium cristatum Clin-
tonianum D. C. Eaton. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.*; Hubbardston; found at
Lake Nipigon, Ont., Macoun; Alma, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. Th.
39. D. Filix-Mas (L.) Schott. Male Fern. Aspidium Filix-mas Sw. Rocky
woods. Keweenaw Peninsula, Lake Superior. A. Gray.
40. D. fragrans (L.) Schott. Fragrant Shield-fern. Aspidium fragrans Sw.
Crevices of shaded cliffs. Isle Royale, and Keweenaw Peninsula, Dr. Lyons.
*41. D. Goldieana (Hook.) A. Gray. Goldie's Fern. Aspidium Goldieanum
Hook. Moist woods. Flint; Hubbardston, C. F. Wheeler; Owosso, G. H. Hicks;
Black River, St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Alma, C. A. Davis.
*42. D. marginalis (L.) A. Gray. Evergreen Wood-fern. Aspidium marginals
Sw. Hillsides in rich woods. S. Haven, Bailey; Flint; Hubbardston and north-
ward. Frequent. Th.
*43. D. Noveboracensis (L.) A. Gray. New York Fern. Aspidium Noveboracense
Sw. Swamps. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; Gore
Bay, Manitoulin Island, J. Bell. Canadian Cat. L. P.
44. D. simulata Davenport. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*45. D. spinulosa (Retz) Kuntze. Spinulose Shield-fern. Aspidiuyn spinulosum
Sw. Shady woods. Flint; Hubbardston; L. Superior, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of
N. A. Th.
46. D. spinulosa dilatata (Hoffm.) Underw. Aspidium spinulosum var. dilatatum
Hook. Woods. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston;
Petoskey, and northward. Th.
*47. D. spinulosa intermedia (Muhl.) Underw. Aspidium spinulosum var. inter-
mediiim D. C. Eaton. Woods. Common. Th.
*48. D. Thelypteris (L.) A. Gray. Marsh Shield-fern. Aspidium Thelypteris
Sw. Swamps. Frequent. Th.
PHEGOPTERIS Fee.
*49. P. Dryopteris (L.) Fee. Oak-fern. Open woods. Frequent north of lat.
43°, especially under pines. Th.
*50. P. hexagonoptera (Michx.) Fee. Broad Beech-fern. Beech woods. Flint;
Hubbardston; Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Fre-
quent. Th.
BEAL OX MICHIGAN FLORA. 37
*51. P. Phegopteris (L.) Underw. Long Beech-fern. P. poly pod io ides F€e. Isle
Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Frankfort; Inland, Grand
Traverse Co.; rocks, Grand Ledge. Abundant northward. Th.
WOODWARDIA J. E. Smith.
52. W. areolata (L.) Moore. Net-veined Chain-fern. IV. angustifolia J. E. Smith.
South Haven, L. H. Bailey in 1880; near Black River, St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
*53. W. Virginica (L.) J. fc. Smith. Virginia Chain-fern. Marshes, Marquette
Co., Burt. MS. Cat.; Westville, Montcalm Co.; Flint; So. Haven, Bailey; Hubbards-
ton, C. F". Wheeler; Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; near Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge. Th.
CAMPTOSORUS Link.
54. C. rhizophyllus (L.) Link. Walking-fern. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell;
Alpena, V. M. Spalding, C. F. Wheeler; Norway on the northeast exposure of
quartz rock, C. F. Wheeler. Rare.
ASPLENItlM L.
*55. A. acrostichoides Sw. Silvery Spleen wort. A. tlielypterOides Michx. Rich
woods. Frequent. Th.
*56. A. angustifolium Michx. Narrow-leaved Spleenwort. Rich woods, S. W^,
Wright Cat.; Ann Arbor, rare, Allmendinger Cat.; Flint; S. Haven, Bailey; Ionia
Co. Infrequent. C. & S.
*57. A. FilLx-foemina (L.) Bernh. Lady Fern. jMoist woods. Exceedingly
variable. Common. Th.
58. A. montanum Willd. Mountain Spleenwort. Near Clifton, Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell.
59. A. platyneuron (L.) Oakes. Ebony Spleenwort. A. ebeneam Ait. Allegan,
Miss Josie A. Williams. Only station known in the State.
GO. A. Rutra-muraria L. Wall Rue Spleenwoort. N. E., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell. Rare.
61. A. Trichomanes L. Maidenhair Spleenwort. N. E., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw
Point; Isle Royale, Porter. Infrequent. N. & U. P.
ADIANTUM L.
*62. A. pedatum L. Maiden-hair Fern. Rich, moist woods. One of the most
beautiful ferns. Common. Th.
PTERIDIUM Scop. Petris L. in part.
*63. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. Common Brake. Pteris aquUina L. Open
ground. Common. Th.
CRYPTOGRAMMA R. Brown.
64. C. acrostichoides R. Br. American Rock-brake. Isle Royale. Grays Manual;
Caribou Island, Porter. U. P.
65. C. Stelleri (Gmel.j Prantl. Slender Cliff-brake. Pellaea Stelleri (Gmel.)
Walt. Louse Isle, Winch. Cat.; Pictured Rocks, G. H. Hicks.
PELLAEA Link.
66. P. atropurpurea (L.t Link. Purple Cliff -brake. Norway, C. F. Wheeler.
Shaded limestone rocks. N. E. Winch. Cat.
POLYPODIUM L.
*67. P. vulgare L. Common Polypody. Dry banks and rocks. . Grand Ledge,
W. J. B.; Hubbardston. C. F. Wheeler. Rarely seen in L. P.. but verv common in
U. P.
38 ■ MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
EQUISETACEiE Michx. Horsetail Family.
EQUISETUM L.
*68. E. arvense L. Common Horsetail. Damp sandy grounds. Common. Th.
69. E. arvense campestre Schultz. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
70. E. arvense riparium Milde. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*71. E. fluviatile L. Swamp Horsetail. E. Kmosum L. In shallow water. Com-
mon. Th.
72. E. fluviatile polystachyon (Bruckner) Prayer. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*73. E. hyemale L. Scouring-Rush. Wet banks, common. Th.
*74. E. hyemale ramigerum A. Br. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
75. E. laevigatum A. Br. Smooth Scouring-rush. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge;
Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
76. E. littorale Kuehl. Shore Horsetail. New Buffalo; Oscoda; Keweenaw Co.,
0. A. Farwell.
77. E. palustre L. Marsh Horsetail. Lake Huron to the Arctic Sea. (Hook, Fl.)
U. P.
*78. E. pratense Ehrh. Thicket Horsetail. Macomb Co.; Flint; to Pine Lake,
Emmet Co., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Th.
*79. E. robustum A. Br. Stout Scouring-rush. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Mo-
renci, W. J. B.; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
80. E. scirpoides Michx. Sedge-like Equisetum. Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbards-
ton; Petoskey; to L. Superior, Whitney Cat., 0. A. Farwell. Th.
*81. E. sylvaticum L. Wood Horse-tail. Ann Arbor, rare, Allmend. Cat.; Clin-
ton Co.; Montcalm Co.; Flint; and northward where it is common. Th.
82. E. variegatum Schleich. Variegated Equisetum. S. E., Winch. Cat.; Hub-
bardston; Muir; Macomb Co.; Flint; sand dunes at the head of Little Traverse Bay;
Drummond's L, Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Detroit and Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
Infrequent. Th.
LYCOPODIACE^ Michx. Club-Moss Family.
LYCOPODIUM L.
83. L. alpinum L. Alpine Club-moss. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
84. L. annotinum L. Stiff Club-moss. Woods. Petoskey to L. Superior; St.
Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Common.
85. L. Chamaecyparissus A. B. L. complanatum Chamaecyparissus D. C. Eaton.
Tp. of Arthur, Clare Co., May 15, 1849, G. H. Cannon; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
*86. L. clavatum L. Common Club-moss. Dry woods. Common. Th. N. & U. P.
87. L. clavatum monostachyon Hook. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*88. L. complanatum L. Ground-Pine. Bangor, Van Buren Co., Bailey; shore of
Pine Lake; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.; Flint;
Macomb Co., Stanton, and northward. Th.
89. L. inundatum L. Bog Club-moss. Drummond's I.; Willow River, Huron Co.;
Sugar Is., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
*90. L. lucidulum Michx. Shining Club-moss. Moist woods. Frequent. Th.
*91. L. obscurum L. Ground Pine. Moist woods.
92. L. obscurum dendroideum D. C. Eaton. Macomb Co., Cooley; Keweenaw Co.,
0. A. Farwell, near Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Oscoda.
93. L. porophilum Lloyd & Underw. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
94. L. sabinaefolium Willd. Cedar-like Club-Moss. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
Rare.
95. L. Selago L. Fir Club-moss. Lake Superior, Gray's Manual; Keweenaw Co.,
0. A. Farwell. Infrequent U. P.
SELAGINELLACEiE Underw.
SELAGINELLA Beauv.
*96. S. apus (L.) Spring. Creeping Selaginella. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger
Cat.; Hubbardston, Grand Ledge, C. F. Wheeler; Orion, O. A. Farwell; Port Huron,
W. S. Cooper and C. K. Dodge; Alma and Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 39
♦97. S. rupestris (L.) Spring?. Rock Selaginella. Flint; Woodward Lake; rare
in L. P.; but common in U. P. Park Lake, Clinton Co., C. F. Wheeler; Oscoda,
Grayling, Harrison, W. J. B.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
98. S. selaginoides (L.) Link. Low Selaginella. S. spinosa Beauv. Isle Royale,
Dr. A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. U. P.
ISOETACE^ Underw. Quillwort Family.
ISOETES L.
99. L. echinospora Braunii (Durieu) Engelm. Braun's Quillwort. Gray's
Manual.
100. L. lacustris L. Lake Quillwort. River St. Marie, head of ship canal, T. C.
Porter; St. Clair River, W. S. Cooper.
PINACEiE Lindl. Couiferie in part. Pine Family.
PINUS L.
101. P. divaricata (Ait.) Gord. Gray Pine. Jack Pine. P. Banksiana Lambert
In the western part of the state noticed as far south as Grand Haven. Occurs at
south end of Lake Michigan in Indiana; Sand Pt., Port Austin, Saginaw Bay, and
northward along the shore of L. Huron, not common. Winch. Cat. In the central
part of the State this pine is first seen in the northern part of Clare Co., where it is
common in groves on sandy barrens. Trees sometimes grow 50 to 70 feet in
height and rarely have been measured with a diameter of two feet.
102. P. resinosa Ait. Red Pine. Norway Pine. Dry woods. First noticed in
Isabella Co., in center of the L. P.; very abundant in Clare Co., and northward.
"Frequent on low, sandy plains in U. P., where it forms orchard-like groves,"
Whitney. Usually 100 to 110 feet high. On the east side of the State it extends
southward to Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Gratiot Co., C. A. Davis.
*103. P. Strobus L. White Pine. Weymouth Pine. C. & N. W.
LARIX Adans.
*104. P. laricina (DuRoi) Koch. American Larch. Tamarack. L. Americana
Michx. Swamps. A slender tree southward, but sometimes reaching 100 feet in
height northward, where it is abundant. Th.
PICEA Link.
105. P. brevifolia Peck. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
106. P. Canadensis (Mill.) B. S. P. White Spruce. P. alba Link. From Luding-
ton to Alcona Co., W. J. B.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Petoskey and northward.
N. & U. P. Common.
*107. P. Mariana (Mill.) B. S. P. Black Spruce. P. nigra Link. Frequent north-
ward, and occasional south — a small tree in spagnous swamps. Th.
TSUGA Carriere.
*108. T. Canadensis (L.) Carriere. Hemlock. Grand Ledge. Rarely seen south
of latitude 43° except in the west, and scarce on the Huron shore, but common on
the east shore of Lake Michigan; Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon, and from the central
part of the State northward. Very abundant and of great size in Emmet Co. Th.
except in S. E.
ABIES Juss.
109. A. balsamea (L.) Miller. Balsam or Balm-of-Gilead Fir. Frequent in the
northern part of Clare Co.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; abundant at Petoskey, and
northward. N. C. & U. P.
THUJA L. THUYA."
110. T. occidentalis L. Arbor Vitae. White Cedar. Lake Orion, Whitmore Lake.
C. A. Davis; Montcalm Co., and northward.
40 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
JUNIPERUS L.
*111. J. communis L. Common Juniper. Occasional throughout, along the high-
est grounds.
112. J. nana Willd. /. Sibirica Burgsd. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Man-
istee, F. P. Daniels; common in Jackson, Livingston and Washtenaw Counties.
C. A. Davis.
113. J. Sabina L. Shrubby Red Cedar. •/. Sabina procumhens Pnrsh. Little
Traverse Bay, W. J. B.; Keweenaw Co., and Rochester, 0. A. Farwell. N. & U. P.
*114. J. Virginiana L. Red Cedar. Savin. Bluffs and sterile soil. Throughout,
but scarce.
TAXACE^ Lindl. Yew Family.
TAXUS L.
115. T. Canadensis Marsh. American Yew. Ground Hemlock. T. minor
(Michx.) Britton. Moist woods in the shade of evergreens. Along the east shore
of Lake Michigan as far south as South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Macomb Co., where it
is rare. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Common northward.
TYPHACE^ J. St. Hil. Cat-tail Family.
TYPHA L
116. T. angustifolia L. Narrow-leaved Cat-tail Flag. Detroit, Dr. A. B. Lyons;
Porr Huron, C. K. Dodge; Ann Arbor and Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M.
Bradford; S. E. Rare.
=■'117. T. latifolia L. Common Cat-tail. Borders of streams and ponds. Common.
Th.
SPARGANIACEiE Agardh. Bur-Reed Family.
SPARGANIUM L.
118. S. androcladum (Engelm.) Morong. Branching Bur-reed. S. simplex and-
rocladum Engelm. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Flinr, Dr. Clark; Macomb Co.;
St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*119. S. eurycarpum Engelm. Broad Fruited Bur-reed. Borders of ponds. Fre-
quent. C. & S.
120. S. minimum Fries. Small Bur-reed. Hubbardston; Manistee, E. J. Hill;
Macomb Co.; Homestead, Benzie Co.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Rare.
*121. S. simplex Hudson. Simple-stemmed Bur-reed. Fruitport, E. J. Hill;
Oscoda; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Black River, B. & K. Common. Th.
122. S. simplex angustifolium (Michx.) Engelm. Isle Royale, Whitney Cat.;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; N. shore of Lake Superior, Agassiz."
NAIADACEvE Lind). Pondweed Family.
POTAMOGETON L.
12.3. P. alpinus Balbis. Northern Pondweed. P. rufrscens Schrad. N. & U. P.
*124. P. amplifolius Tuckerman. Large-leaved Pondweed. Maple River; Macomb
Co.; Pere Marquette River at Ludington, E. J. Hill; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
12.5. P. diversifolius Raf. Rafinesque's Pondweed. P. liyhridus Michx. Dr.
A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
126. P. filiformis Pers. Filiform Pondweed. Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
*127. P. foliosus Raf. Leafy Pondweed. P. pauciflorns Pnrsh. Hubbardston,
Grand Rapids. Flint, Macomb Co., and northts'ard. Typical forms occur at Manistee
and Frankfort, E. J. Hill. Th.
"128. P. foliosus Niagarensis. (Tuckerman) Morong. In running water, Plub-
bardston; Macomb Co., and along the great lakes.
*129. P. Friesii Ruprecht. Fries' Pondweed. P. mucrouatus Schrad. Crooked
River, Cheboygan Co., and common at Manistee and Frankfort, E. J. Hill; Oscoda,
St. Mary's River, Sault de Ste Marie; Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*130. P. heterophyllus Schreb. Various-leafed Pondweed. Th.
BEAL ON MICHFGaN FLORA. 41
131. P. heteiophyllus graminifolius (Fries) Morong. P. gramineus graminifolius
Flint, Macomb Co.; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge, and northward.
132. P. heterophyllus longipedunculatus Moroug. Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.,
Fries. Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Bear Lake, Van Buren Co., E. J. Hill; Black Lake,
Cheboygan Co.. B. & K.
133. P. Hillii Morong. Hill's Pondweed. Marquette Co., E. J. Hill; St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge: Sturgis. F. P. Daniels.
134. P. Illinoensis Morong. Manistee. F. P. Daniels.
135. P. interruptus Kitaibel. Interrupted Pondweed. Manistee, E. J. Hill; Port
Huron, C. K. Dodge.
136. P. lateralis Morong. Opposite-leafed Pondweed. Bear Lake, Van Buren
Co., E. J. Hill; St. Clair Lake & River, C. K. Dodge. Rare.
*137. P. lonchites Tuckerman. Long-leafed Pondweed. P. fluitans Roth. Hub-
bardston; Macomb Co.; Detroit River. D. H. Campbell; Portage Lake, Crawford
Co.; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. Infrequent. L. P.
*13S. P. lucens L. Shining Pondweed. Muskegon River, near Houghton Lake;
Flint; S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Detroit River, D. H. Campbell; Lake Superior, Agas-
siz. Th.
139. P. marinus L. Crystal Lake near Frankfort, Benzie Co., E. J. Hill; St.
Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge.
*140. P. natans L. Common Floating Pondweed. Ponds. Frequent. Th.
141. P. Nuttallii Cham..& Sch. P. Pennsylvanicus Cham. Ionia Co.; Macomb
Co., Dr. D. Cooley; Fruitport, E. J. Hill; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
142. P. obtusifolius Mertens & Koch. Blunt-leafed Pondweed. "Floating in
Gratiot Lake, N. Mich." Gray's Manual. St. Clair Co., J. W. Stacey.
*143. P. pectinatus L. Fennel-leafed Pondweed. Frequent. Th.
*144. P. perfoliatus L. Clasping-leafed Pondweed. Detroit, O. A. Farwell;
Ingham Co., C. F. Wheeler, and northward. Common.
146. P. perfoliatus Richardsonii A. Bennett. P. perfolatus lanceolatus Robbins.
Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*147. P. praelongus Wulfen. White-stemmed Pondweed. Maple River; Pine
Lake, Ingham Co.; Black Lake, Cheboygan Co. Common. Th.
148. P. pusillus L. Small Pondweed. Manistee Lake, E. J. Hill; Detroit River,
D. H. Campbell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; St. Clair Lake and River, C. K. Dodge.
*149. P. Robbinsii Oakes. Robbins' Pondweed. North shore of Lake Superior;
Pine Lake, seven miles N. E. of the Agricultural College, the only station known
in the L. P., C. F. Wheeler.
151. P. rutilis Wolfg. Slender Pondweed. Detroit River, betAveen Pech° Isle
and Belle Isle, C. F. Wheeler; Round Lake, near Jackson; St. Clair Lake & River,
C. K. Dodge.
152. P. spathulaeformis (Robbins) Morong. Spatulate-leafed Pondweed. New
Baltimore, Lake St. Clair, A. J. Pieters, J. W. Stacey.
l.jo. P. Spirillus Tuckerman. Spiral Pondweed. "Lake Superior," A. Gray's
Manual; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farv.-ell; St. Clair Lake and River, C. K. Dodge.
154. P. Vaseyi Robbins. St. Clair Lake and River, C. K. Dodge; Algonac, W. S.
Cooper.
*155. P. Zizii Roth. Ziz's Pondweed. P. angustifolius Berch & Presl. Crystal
Lake, near Frankfort; Bear Lake, Manistee Co., E. J. Hill; Crystal Lake, Montcalm
Co.; Woodward Lake. Ionia Co.; Detroit River, D. H. Campbell. Infrequent.
'*'156. P. zosteraefolius Schum. Eel-grass. Pondweed. Common. Th.
ZANNICHELLIA L.
157. Z. palustris L. Zannicliellia. Dr. A. B. Lyons, Detroit; Bay City, G. M.
Bradford. Rare.
NAIAS L.
*158. N. flexilis (Willd.) Rost. & Schmidt. Slender Naias. Ponds. Frequent.
Th.
*159. N. fle.xilis robusta Morong. South Haven, Park Lake, Clinton Co., Bailey;
St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
160. IN. marina L. Large Naias. Flint. Dr. D. Clark.
42 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
SCHEUCHZERIACEiE Agardh. Arrow-Grass Family.
TRIGLOCHIN L.
161. T. maritima L. Seaside Arrow-grass. Shores of Great Lakes; borders of
deer licks in interior; Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Hubbardston, Petosliey,
C. F. Wheeler; Algonac, W. S. Cooper.
162. T. palustris L. Marsh Arrow-grass. Marshes. Frequent. Th.
SCHEUCHZERIA L.
163. S. palustris L. S. W. Wright Cat.; Macomb Co., Cooley; Hubbardston;
Montcalm Co.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Infrequent.
ALISMACE^ D C. Water-Plantain Family.
ALISMA L. Water-Plantain.
*164. A. plantago-aquatica L. Water Plantain. Shallow water. Common. Th.
165. A. tenellum Mart. Dwarf Water Plantain. EcJiinodorus parvulus Engelm.
A. B. Lyons; Gray's Manual, 6th edition.
SAGITTARIA L.
*166. S. arifolia Nutt. Arum-leaved Arrow-head. Alma, C. A. Davis; St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
167. S. cristata Engelm. Crested Arrow-head. St. Clair Co., and Sarnia, C. K. •
Dodge.
*168. S. graminea Michx. Grass-leaved Sagittaria. Dr. A. B. Lyons, Detroit;
Park Lake, Clinton Co., L. H. Bailey; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell. S.
*169. S. heterophylla Pursh. Elk Rapids, Winch. Cat.; Detroit, D. H. Campbell;
Alma, Chas. A. Davis. Th.
*170. S. latifolia Willd. Broad-leaved Arrow-head. Wet places. Th. S. varia-
Mlis Engelm.
171. S. rigida Pursh. 8. heterophylla rigida Engelm. Fruitport, E. J. Hill;
Great Lakes.
VALLISNERIACEiE Dumort. Tape-Grass Family
PHILOTRIA Raf. (Elodea Michx.)
*172. P. Canadensis (Michx.) Britton. Water-weed. Elodea Canadensis Michx.
Slow streams. Common. Th.
VALLISNERIA L.
*173. V, spiralis L. Tape-grass. Eel-grass. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; S. Haven,
Bailey; Hubbardston, to Petoskey; Lake Superior, Agassiz. Slow streams. Com-
mon in Grand River and tributaries. Th.
GRAMINEiE Juss. Grass Family.
ANDROPOGON L.
*174. A. furcatus Muhl. Forked Beard-grass. Light soil. Common. Th.
*175. A. scoparius Michx. Broom Beard-grass. Sterile soil. Frequent, L. P.
176. A. scoparius multiramea Hack. Manistee, P. P. Daniels.
SORGHASTRUM Nash. Crysopogon Benth. Not Trin.
*177. S. avenaceum (Michx.) Nash. Indian Grass. Chrysopogon avenaceus
Benth. Dry banks and sandy fields. Variable. Infrequent. C. & S.
DEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 43
PASPALUM L.
178. P. laeve Michx. S. W. H. S. Pepoon. Rare.
179. P. Muhlenbergii Nash. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*180. P. setaceum Michx. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
SYNTHERISMA Walt. Panicum L. in part.
*181. S. linearis (Krock.) Nash. Small Crab-grass. Panicum glabrum Gauflin.
Waste places. Common.
*182. S. sanguinalis (L.) Dulac. Large Crab-grass. Panicum sanguinale L.
Waste places, gardens and fields. A bad weed, difficult to dig up or pull out; grows
quickly and is perhaps the worst weed we have in gardens, at least in some local-
ities. S. linearis grows in the same situations but is smaller and easily
eradicated. Th.
ECHINOCHLOA Beauv. Panicum L. in part.
*183. E. Crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard-grass. Panicum Crus-galli L. Low
grounds. Variable. Common.
*184. E. Walteri (Pursh.) Nash. Salt-marsh Cockspur Grass. P. Crus-galli
Mspidum Ell. Low river bank near Hubbardston where it appears to be indige-
nous, C. F. Wheeler. Common along streams. L. P.
PANICUM L.
185. P. boreale Nash. Northern Panicum. Grand Rapids, Miss E. J. Cole;
Traverse City, C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*186. P. capillare L. Old-witch Grass. Sandy soil, fields. The spreading panicle
is easily broken off and blown about by the wind. Common. Th.
*187. P. clandestinum L. Hispid Panicum. Low grounds. Macomb Co.; Flint,
Hubbardston; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Rare.
*1S8. P. Columbianum Scribn. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*1S9. P. commutatum Schultes. Variable Panicum. Detroit, O. A. Farwell; St.
Clair Co., J. W. Stacey. Dry woods.
*190. P. depauperatum Muhl. Capac, W. S. Cooper. Starved Panicum. Dry
woods and barrens. Common. Th.
*191. P. dichotomum L. Forked Panicum. Dry or low grounds. A very com-
mon and exceedingly variable grass. Some forms seem distinct enough to be
considered species. The most common forms are:
*192. P. dichotomum commune S. Wats.
*193. P. dichotomum fasciculatum S. Wats.
*194. P. dichotomum gracile S. Wats. Th.
195. P. agrostoides Muhl. Long Panicum. Specimen in the College Herb., col-
lected by Dr. Cooley, at Washington, Macomb Co. Only locality known in the State.
196. P. flexile (Gattinger) Scrib. Wiry Panicum. Detroit, O. A. Farwell;
Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Manchester, C. F. Wheeler.
*196a. P. macrocarpon Le Conte. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*197. P. implicatum Scribn. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*198. P. maculatum Ashe. "Formerly included in P. dichotomum." St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge.
199. P. polyanthes Schul. Small-fruited Panicum. P. microcarpon Muhl.
Washington, Macomb Co., Dr. Cooley.
200. P. miliaceum L. Millet. Detroit and Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
201. P. nitidum Lam. Shining Panicum. Washington, Macomb Co., Dr. Cooley;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
202. P. proliferum Lam. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
*203. P. Porterianum Nash. Porters Panicum. P. latifolium Walt. Rich woods.
Northward to Oscoda Co. Common. L. P.
*204. P. pubescens Lam. Hairy Panicum. Common. C. & S.
*205. P. Scribnerianum Nash. Scribner's Panicum. P. scoparium S. Wats. Not
Lam. Hubbardston. Along the R. R. between St. Johns and Muir, northward to
Baldwin; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell. Frequent in light sandy
soil. Th.
*206. P, sphaerocarpon Ell. Round-fruited Panicum. P. microcarpon sphaero-
44 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
carpon (Ell.) Beal. Jackson, S. H. Camp; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; St. Clair Co.,
J. W. Stacey; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*207. P. virgatum L. Tall Smooth Panicum. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Ionia, Flint;
Sturgis, F. P. Daniels. A tall coarse grass along rivers. Infrequent. Tlv
208. P. xanthophysum A. Gray. Slender Panicum. N. & U. P. Grand Trav-
erse Co., Indian River and Black Lake; Cheboygan Co., C. F. Wheeler; Alma, C. A.
Davis; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Northward to Keweenaw Co., O, A. Farwell,
CHAETOCHLOA Scribn. Setaria Beauv.
*209. C. glauca (L.) Scrib. Yellow Foxtail, Setaria glauca Beauv. Cultivated
Fields, Common. Th.
*210. C. Italica (L.j Scrib. Hungarian Grass, Italian or German Millet. Setaria
Italica R. & S. Persisting after cultivation,
211, C. verticillata (L.) Scribn, Setaria verticillata Beauv. Ypsilanti, 0, A,
Farwell.
*212, C. viridis (L,) Scrib. Green Foxtail. Setaria viridis Beauv. Cultivated
fields. Common. Th.
CENCHRUS L.
*213. C. tribuloides L. Sand-bur. Bur-grass. This bad weed has begun to
occupy the S. part of the State, as far north as Bay City. Not as yet troublesome
in fields, but likely to become so on sandy farms.
ZIZANIA L.
214. Z. aquatica L. Indian Rice. Water Oats. Borders of large streams and
lakes. Yields an edible grain, gathered by the Indians, and greedily eaten by wild
ducks which haunt lakes and rivers during its ripening in innumerable num-
bers. Th.
HOMALOCENCHRUS Mieg. (Leersia Sw,)
*215. H. oryzoides (L.) Poll. Rice Cut-grass. L. oryzoides Sm. Ditche.? and
wet lands. Frequent. Th.
*216. H, Virginicus (Willd,) Britton, White Grass. L. Virginica Willd. Wet
woods and river banks. Th.
PHALARIS L.
*217. P. arundinacea L. Reed Canary-grass. Borders of streams, "var. picta,
the leaves striped with white, is the familiar ribbon-grass of the garden," Gray's
Manual. Ann Arbor, Prof. M. W. Harrington; S.AIich., Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.;
Flint; Hubbardston; northward to L. Superior, Whitney Cat, Th,
218, P. Canariensis L. Canary-grass, Occasionally found in waste places.
ANTHOXANTHUM L,
*219. A. odoratum L. Sweet Vernal-grass. Ionia; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.;
well established in the College lawn. Rare.
SAVASTANA Schrank. Hiercchloe Gmel.
220. S. odorata (L.) Scribn. Holy Grass. Hierochloe borealis R. & S. Not
confined to the shores of the Great Lakes; rarely found in the central part of the
State. Ionia. Hubbardston, C. F. Wheeler; Macomb Co.; F^lint; S. E., Winch. Cat,;
Ann Arbor, C, A, Davis. More common northward. Th.
ARISTIDA L,
Aristida. Por
222, A. purpurascens Poir. Sturgis. F. P, Daniels,
221. A, gracilis Ell, Slender Aristida. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge: near Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. ^5
STIPA L. Feather-grass.
223. S. avenacea L. Black Oat-grass. S. W., Wright Cat.; South Haven, Bailey;
Baldwin; Dundee; Cass Co.; Point Aux Pins, Macoun Can. Cat. Infrequent. Th.
*224. S. spartea Trin. Porcupine-grass. Dry plains. S. Mich., Wright Cdt;
Macomb Co.; shore of Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.; hills along Grand River near
Ionia; Ann Arbor. Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis.
ORYZOPSIS Michx.
*225. 0. asperifolia Michx. White-grained Mountain Rice. Hillsides. Common.
226. O. juncea (Michx.) B. S. P. Slender Mountain Rice. 0. Canadensis Torr.
Sterile soil. S. E.. Wright Cat.; Hubbardston; Montcalm Co., C. A. Davis; Macomb
Co.; common in Clare Co.; frequent from Ionia northward. Th.
*227. 0. melanocarpa ^luhl. Black-fruited Mountain Rice. Woods. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; S. Haven; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston. Infrequent. C. & S.
MILIUM L.
♦22S. M. effusum L. Tall Millet-grass. Woods. Frequent. Th.
MUHLENBERGIA Schreber.
*229. M. diffusa Willd. Nimble Will. Open woods, becoming frequent around
dwellings. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; So. Haven, Bailey; Flint; Hubbardston; C. F.
Wheeler; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
*230. M. Mexicana (L.) Trin. Meadow Muhlenbergia. Low grounds. Variable.
Frequent. Th.
*231. M. racemosa (Michx.) B. S. P. Marsh Muhlenbergia. M. glomerata Trin.
Marshes. Infrequent. Th.
*232. M. sylvatica Torr. Wood Muhlenbergia. Hubbardston; Flint; Lake
Superior, Agassiz. Frequent. Th. •
*233. M. tenuitlora (Willd.) B. S. P. Slender Muhlenbergia. M. Willdenovii Trin.
Flint; Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Musltegon, C. F. Wheeler. Rare. C. S.
BRACHYELYTRUM Beauv.
*234. B. erectum (Schreb.) Beauv. B. aristatum Beauv. Woods. Frequent.
PHLEUM L.
235. P. alpinum L. IVIountain Timothy. L. Superior, Whitney Cat.; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*236. P. pratense L. Timothy. Herd's-Grass. Meadows everywhere.
ALOPECURUS L.
*237. A. geniculatus L. Marsh Foxtail. A. geniculatus aristiilatus Torr. S.
Mich., Wright Cat.; Macomb Co.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Th.
*238. A. pratensis L. Meadow Foxtail. Cultivated fi'om Europe and escaped.
SPOROBOLUS R. Br.
239. S. brevifolius (Nutt.) Nash. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
240. S. cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray. Sand Dropseed. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.;
Point Edward, River St. Clair, Macoun; Bay City, W. J. B.; shore of Gull Lake,
Augusta, Kalamazoo Co. Infrequent. C. & S.
*241. S. neglectus Nash. Small Rush-grass. Frequent. Lansing, Saugatuck,
C. F. Wheeler; Detroit. 0. A. Farwell.
242. S. serotinus (Torr.) A. Gray. Late-flowered Dropseed. Sandy wet places,
Gray's Manual; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Rare.
*243. S. vaginaeflorus (Torr.) Wood. Sheathed Rush-grass. Flint; Detroit, Dr.
A. B. Lyons; Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Rare. C. & S.
CINNA L.
*244. C. arundinacea L. Low grounds. Frequent.
*245. C. latifolia (Trev.) Griseb. Slender Wood Reed-grass. C. pendula Trin.
"Wet woods throughout.
46 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
AGROSTIS L.
*246. A. alba L. Fiorin or White Bent-grass. Red Top. A. alba vulgaris Thur-
ber. Naturalized from Europe. A common pasture and meadow grass.
*247. A. alba stolonifera (L.) Vasey. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*248. A. canina L. Brown Bent-grass. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat., Ronald, Ionia
Co. Infrequent.
=5^249. A. coarctata Ehrh. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*250. A. hyemalis (Walt.) B. S. P. Rough Hair-grass. A. scabra Willd. Marshes
and sterile soil. Common. Th.
*251. A. perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman. Thin-grass. Swamps and damp woods
S. Mich., Wright; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston. Infrequent.
*252. A. pseudo-intermedia O. A. Farwell. New name for A. intermedia Scribn.
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
•CALAMAGROSTIS Adans.
*253. C. Canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. Blue-Joint. Common.
254. C. confinis (Willd.) Nutt. Bog Reed-grass. C. Lapponica Trin. Isle Royale,
Lake Superior, T. C. Porter; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels.
255. C. Langsdorfii (Link.) Trin. Langsdorf's Reed-grass. Isle Royale, T. C.
Porter.
256. C. neglecta (Ehrh.) Gaertn. Narrow Reed-grass. C. striata Beauv. Flint,
D. Clark; S. W., H. S. Pepoon; and northward to Lake Superior, A. Gray. Rare.
AMMOPHILA Host.
257. A. arenaria (L.) Link. Sea Sand-reed. N. & U. P. A. arundinacea Host.
This is one of the few plants found both by the ocean and the shores of the Great
Lakes, Petoskey; Point au Chene, Winch. Cat.; shores of Lake Huron, C. K. Dodge.
Infrequent.
CALAMOVILFA Hack.
258. C. longifolia (Hook.) Hack. Long-leaved Reed-grass. Calamagrostis longi-
folia Hook. Sand dunes along L. Michigan. S. Haven, Bailey; Petoskey; Point au
Chene, Winch. Cat.; Oscoda. Th.
APERA Adans.
*259. A. Spica-venti L. Beauv. College lawn.
DESCHAMPSIA Beauv.
*260. D. caespitosa (L.) Beauv. Tufted Hair-grass. In bogs. Frequent. Th.
261. D. flexuosa.(L.) Trin. Common Hair-grass. Oscoda; Baldwin, to Lake
Superior; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
TRISETUM Pers.
262. T. subspicatum (L.) Beauv. Narrow False-oat. T. subspicatum molle
A. Gray. Marquette, E. J. Hill; Whitney's Cat. Common. U. P.
AVENA L.
263. A. Smithii Porter. Smith's Oat. Melica Smithii Vasey. Keweenaw Point;
Isle Royale. Dr. Robbins. in Gray's Man.; woods near Sault Ste. Marie, C. E. Smith;
shore of Crystal Lake, Benzie Co., L. H. Dewey; Vanderbilt, Otsego Co.; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell.
*264. A. striata Michx. Oat Grass. Woods. Infrequent.
ARRHENATHERUM Beauv.
♦265. A. elatius (L. ) Beauv. Tall Oat-.grass. A. avenaceum Beauv. Bay Co.,
Macomb Co. Escaped from cultivation.
DANTHONIA DC.
266. D. intermedia Vasey. Kewoenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*267. D. spicata (L.) Beauv. Wild Oat-grass. Sterile soil. Frequent. Th.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 47
CAPRIOLA Adans. Cyxodon Rich.
*268. C. Dactylon (L.) Kuntze. Bermuda-grass. Near the depot of the Chicago
and Grand Trunk R. R. in Lansing.
SPARTINA Schreb.
•269. S. cynosuroides (L.) Willd. Fresh-water Cord-grass. Banks of rivers,
to N. Shore L. Superior, Agassiz. Tuscola and Washtenaw. Th.
ATHEROPOGON Muhl. Bouteloua Lagasca. in part.
270. A. curtipendulus (Michx.) Fourn. Bouteloua racemosa Lag. Dry plains.
S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Macomb Co., on farm of L. D. Watkins, Manchester; Sturgis,
F. P. Daniels.
ELEUSINE Gaertn.
*271. E. Indica (L.) Gaertn. Dog's-tail or Wire-grass. S. & C. Ionia Co.;
South Haven, Bailey; S. Mich., Wright Cat. Infrequent. S. & C.
PHRAGMITES Trin.
*272. P. Phragmites (L.) Karst. Reed. P. communis Trin. Swamps. Infre-
quent. Th.
TRICUSPIS Beauv. Triodia R. Br., in part.
273. T. seslerioides (IMichx.) Terr. Tall Red-top. Triodia cuprea J acq. S.
Mich., Wright's Cat. S. E.
TRIPLASIS Beauv. TRioniA R. Br., in part.
274. T. purpurea (Walt.) Chapm. Sand-grass. Shore of Lake Erie, Monroe
Co., C. F. Wheeler; shore of Lake Huron, C. K. Dodge.
ERAGROSTIS Beauv.
275. E. capillaris (L.) Nees. Capillary Eragrostis. Coleman's Cat.; S. Mich.,
Wright's Cat.; Ann Arbor, M. W. Harrington. Rare.
*276. E. Eragrostis (L.) Karst. Low Eragrostis. Eraprostis minor Host.
*277. E. Frankii Steud. Frank's Eragrostis. Roadsides in low ground. Hub-
bardston; Gratiot Co.; Grand Rapids; Detroit. O. A. Farwell. Frequent. C. & S.
*278. E. hypnoides (Lam.) B. S. P. Creeping Eragrostis. E. reptans Nees.
Gravelly borders of streams. Common.
*279. E. major Host. Stink Grass. Waste places and gardens, a common
weed. Th.
280. E. pectinacea (Michx.) Steud. Purple Eragrostis. E. pectinacea specta-
Mlis A. Gray. Dry sandy ground. S. Mich., Wright Cat. Reaches its northern
limits at Howard City. Infrequent. C. & S.
281. E. pilosa (L.) Beauv. Tufted Eragrostis. Grand Rapids, Coleman's Cat;
Macomb Co.; Detroit, O. A. Farwell; S. W.. H. S. Pepoon.
2S2. E. Purshii Schrad. Pursh's Eragrostis. Norway. C. F. Wheeler; Roches-
ter, W. A. Brotherton and J. W. Staoey; Detroit, O. A. Farwell: Bay Co., G. M.
Bradford. I see no way of distinguishing this species from E. pilosa (L.) Beauv.
and believe them to be the same.
EATONIA Raf.
*283. E. nitida (Spreng.) Nash. Slender Eatonia. E. Dudleyi Vasey. Hub-
bardston, C. F. Wheeler; Orion, O. A. Farwell. Rare.
*284. E. obtusata (Michx.) A. Gray. Blunt-scaled Eatonia. S. E.. Wright Cat;
Flint; Hubbardston, northward. Rare.
*285. E. Pennsylvanica (DC.) A. Gray. Moist woods. Common. Th.
KOELERIA Pers.
=^286. K. cristata (L.) Pers. Dry hills. Frequent. Th.
48 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
KORYCARPUS Zea. Diakrhexa Raf.
*287. K. diandrus (Michx.) Kuntze. Diarrhena American Beauv. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Flint; Hubbardston. Reaches its northern limits in Ionia Co. Rare.
BRIZA L.
288. B. media L. Quaking Grass. Bay City, G. M. Bradford, C. A. Davis.
CYNOSURUS L.
28y. Cynosurus cristatus L. Dog's-tail Grass. Scarce.
DACTYLIS L.
*290. D. glomerata 1^. Cock's Fool. Orchard Grass. Escaped from cultivation
and becoming frequent.
POA L.
291. P. alpina L. Alpine Spear-grass. U. P. Isle Royale, C. G. Loring, Jr., in
Gray's Manual; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. U. P.
*292. P. alsodes A. Gray. Grove Meadow-grass. Banks of brooks, flowering
•early. Flint; Hubbardston; Inland. Grand Traverse Co. Infrequent. L. P.
*293. P. annua L. Low Spear-grass. Low grounds. Common. Th.
294. P. autumnalis Muhl. Flexuous Spear-grass. P. flexuosa Muhl. Swamps.
Hubbardston; Constantine, C. F. Wheeler; Flint, Dr. Clark; Rochester, 0. A.
Farwell.
*295. P. compressa L. Wire-grass. Blue Grass (of N. Eng. and N. Y.). Dry
fields. Common. Th.
*296. P. debilis Torr. Weak Spear-grass. Hillsides. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.;
Macomb Co.; Hubbardston to N. Shore of Lake Superior, Macoun. Infrequent. Th.
*297. P. flava L. Fowl Meadow-grass. P. serotina Ehrh. Wet meadows, where
it is a valuable grass, sometimes mistaken for Red-top, Agrostis aba. Th.
298. P. glauca Vahl. Glaucous Spear-grass. Near Grayling; Isle Royale; Ke-
weenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
300. P. nemoralis L. Wood Meadow-grass. P. caesia strictoir A. Gray. Through-
out N. Mich. Infrequent except in the north.
*301. P. pratensis L. Kentucky Blue Grass. June Grass. Pastures and meadows.
302. P. sylvestris A. Gray. Sylvan Spear-grass. Low woods. S. Mich., Winch.
Cat.; Flint; Hubbardston. Rare. C. & S.
303. P. trivialis L. Roughish Meadow-Grass. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Flint.
Sparingly in cultivation.
GRAPHEPHORUM Desv.
*304. G. melicoideum (Michx.) Beauv. River banks. Macomb Co.; Flint; Hub-
bardston; Petoskey; Grand Detour, Upper Michigan, Prof. Porter. Rare South,
abundant at Pic River, :Macoun. Th.
305. G. melicoides major A. Gray. Swamps. Hubbardston; Washington, Ma-
comb Co.
PANICULARIA Fabr. Glyceria R. Br.
*306. P. Americana (Torr.) MacM. Tall Manna-grass. Glyceria grandis S.
Wats. Common. Th.
*307. P. Canadensis (Michx.) Kuntze. Rattlesnake-grass. Glyceria Canadensis
Trin. Borders of marshes. S. W., Winch. Cat.; Flint; Ionia Co. Infrequent. Th.
*308. P. fluitans (L.) Kuntze. Floating Manna-grass. Glyceria fluitans R. Br.
Shallow water. Common. Th.
308a. P. laxa Scribn. Northern Manna-grass. Muskegon, W. J. B.; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*309. P. nervata (Willd.) Kuntze. Nerved Manna-grass. Glyceria nervata Trin,
Very variable. Woods and wet meadows. Th.
*310. P. pallida (Torr.) Kuntze. Pale Manna-grass. Glyceria pallida Trin.
Constantine, Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Manistee and Sturgis, F. P.
Daniels. Wet places. Rare. S.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA.
PUCCINELIA Pari.
49
311. P. airoides (Nutt.) S. Wats. Slender Meadow-grass. Bay City, G. M.
Bradford. Near salt works.
FESTUCA L.
*312. F. elatior L. Taller Meadow Fescue. F. elatior pratensis A. Gray. Meadows
and roadsides.
*31.'^. F. nutans Willd. Nodding Fescue-grass. Woods. Frequent. L. P.
*314. F. octoflora Walt. Slender Fescue-grass. F. tenella Willd. Dry grounds.
Infrequent. Th.
*315. F. ovina L. Sheep's Fescue. Dry grounds. Common. Very variable. Th.
*316. F. ovina capillata (Lam.) Hack. Hair-leaved Fescue. In lawns. Not un-
common.
317. F. ovina duriuscula (L.) Hack. Hard Fescue. S. Mich., Wright Cat.;
Petoskey; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Keweenaw Co., Bobbins; Isle Royale, Gillman.
Sparingly in cultivation. Th.
*31S. F. ovina marginata Hack. In lawns. Common.
319. F. rubra heterophylla Hack. Variable-leaved Fescue. Clifton, 0. A. Farwell;
Frankfort, W. J. B.; shores of Traverse Bay; Muskegon, C. F. Wheeler.
BROMUS L.
*320. B. asper Murr. Hairy Brome-grass. Gray's Manual.
321. B. breviaristatus Thurb. Short-awned Chess. First collected on low sand
dunes near Bay View in August, 1879, by C. F. Wheeler. In June, 1881, Prof. V. M.
Spalding also collected this species near Charlevoix. The farthest station east
known for this grass.
322. B. brizaeformis Fisch & Mey. Quake-grass. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
*323. B. ciliatus L. Fringed Brome-grass. B. purgans L. Frequent. Variable.
*324. B. hordeaceus L. Soft Chess. B. mollis L. Agricultural College, W. J. B.;
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*325. B. inermis Leyss. Awnless Brome-grass. Sandy meadows. Spreading.
*326. B. Kalmii A. Gray. Wild Chess. Dry open woods. S. E., Wright's Cat;
Flint; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; northward to Quinnessec, E. J. Hill. Infrequent.
327. B. racemosus L. Smooth Brome-grass. Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Alma,
C. A. Davis. Th.
*32S. B. secalinus L. Chess. Cheat. Too common in wheat fields.
328a. B. sterilis L. Barren Brome-grass. Bay City, G. M. Bradford.
*329. B. tectorum L. Downy Brome-grass. Grand Rapids. Spreading rapidly;
Detroit^ 0. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
LOLIUM L.
331. L. perenne L. Common Darnel. Ray or Rye-grass. Macomb Co., Dr.
Cooley; Ionia Co.; Bay City, G. M. Bradford. Scarcely naturalized.
332. L. temulentum L. Bearded Darnel. Scarcely naturalized. Flint; Macomb
Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat.
AGROPYRON Gaertn.
*333. A. caninoides (Ramalay) Beal. Lansing, escaped from cultivation.
334. A. caninum (L.) R. & S. Awned Wheat-grass. Th. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.;
Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; northward.
335. A. dasystachyum (Hook.) Vasey. Northern Wheat-grass. Common at
Petoskey; N. W., Winch. Cat.; Oscoda and the sandy shores of the great lakes;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. N. & U. P.
336. A. occidentale Scribn. Occasional. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
337. A. pseudorepens S. and S. Shores of Grand Traverse Bay, C. F. Wheeler;
St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Keweenaw and Marquette counties, O. A. Farwell.
*338. A. repens (L.) Beauv. Quick-grass or Quack-grass. Cultivated grounds.
Varies greatly. Sometimes grows to the exclusion of everything else, and is wide-
spread enough to be considered a pest. Th.
339. A. Richardsoni Shreb. Bay View, W. J. B.; shore of Grand Traverse Bay,
C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
50 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
340. A. spicatum (Pursh.) Scribn. & Small. Western Wheat-grass. Introduced
into Bay City, G. M. Bradford; Keweenaw Co., Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
341. A. tenerum Vasey. Port Huron; along railroads; an advent from the west,
C. K. Dodge.
342. A. violaceum (Hornem.) Vasey. Purplish Wheat-grass. Keweenaw Penin-
sula, Farwell; Lake Superior, Porter.
SECALE L.
*343. S. cereale L. Rye. Escaped from cultivation.
HORDEUM L.
*344. H. jubatum L. Squirrel-tail Grass. Sands. N. shore of Lake Superior,
Agassiz; Sault de Ste. Marie, R. Bell; Bay City. Infrequent. Th.
345. H. nodosum L. Detroit, O. A. Farwell. Occasional.
ELYMUS L.
*346. E. Canadensis L. Nodding Wild Rye. E. Canadensis glaucifolius A. Gray.
River banks. Common. Th.
347. E. glaucus Buckl. Smooth Wild Rye. S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Britton and
i3rown. E. Nibiricus Amerimmis S. Wats. & Conl. Marquette, Porter in Gray's
.Manual; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
348. E. mollis Trin. Smooth Wild Rye. Shores of the Great Lakes, Gray's
Manual; north shore of Lake Superior, Agassiz.
*349. E. robustus Scribn. & Sm. Muskegon, C. D. McLouth; Lansing, W. J. B.
*351. E. striatus Willd. Slender Wild Rye. E. striatus villosus A. Gray. S.
Mich., Wright Cat.; Flint; Hubbardston; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; northward to.
L. Superior. Th.
*352. E. Virginicus L. Virginia Wild Rye. River banks. Common. Th.
E. Virginicus glaucus Beal. Grand River Valley, with the species. W. J. B.
*or
HYSTRIX Moench. Asprella Willd.
*354. Hystrix Hystrix (L.) Millsp. Bottle-Brush grass. Th. Asprella Hystrix
Willd. Moist woods. A variety of this grass is found in one locality near Hub-
bardston with smooth and very glafucous culms, leaves rough, hairy.
CYPERACEiE J. St Hil. Sedge Family.
CYPERUS L.
*356. C. diandrus Torr. Low Cyperus. Low grounds. Common. C. & S.
358. C. Engelmanni Steud. Englemann's Cyperus. Fruitport, E. J. Hill; shore
of Park Lake, Clinton Co., C. F. Wheeler; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Rare.
*359. C. erythororhizos Muhl. Red-rooted Cyperus. Macomb Co., D. Cooley;
Bay City, G. M. Bradford. Infrequent.
*360. C. esculentus L. Yellow Nutt-grass. A troublesome weed on low grounds,
spreading rapidly by means of its nut-like tubers. Hard to eradicate. Muir;
Flint; Grand Rapids; Detroit; north to Oscoda. Frequent. L. P.
361. C. esculentus ^ngustispicatus Britton. Detroit, A. O. Farwell.
*362. C. filiculmis Vahl. Slender Cyperus. Sterile soil. Common. C. & S.
363. C. flavescens I^. Yellow Cyperus. Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.; S. Mich.,
Wright Cat. Rare. S.
364. C. Houghtonii Torr. Houghton's Cyperus. Hilltops near Indian River,
Wheeler; Long Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K. St. Clair., C. K. Dodge.
*3C5. C. inflexus Muhl. Awned Cyperus. C. aristatus Boeckl. Grand Rapids,
Coif man; Ionia; banks of Cedar River, Agricultural College. Not common.
366. C. refractus Engelm. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*3(i7. C. rivularis Kuntli. Sliinincr Cypenis. ('. difnidnin castaunift Torr. Frequent.
368. C. Schweinitzii Torr. Schweinitz's Cyperus. Lake Michigan shore at
South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Kalamazoo, Tutliill; Manistee, F. P. Daniels, S. West,
H. S. Pepoon.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 51
369. C. speciosus Vahl. Michaiix's Cyperus. Low grounds. Hubbardston; Flint.
*370. C. strigosus L. Straw-colored Cyperus. Low grounds. Common. C. & S.
371. C. strigosus capitatus Bocckl. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
372. C. strigosus robustior Kunth. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
KYLLINGA Rott.
374. K. pumila Michx. Low Kyllingia. Dr. Lyons. S.
DULICHIUM L. C. Richard.
*375. D. arundinaceum (L.) Britton. D. spathaceum Pers. Borders of swamps
and ponds. Common. Th.
ELEOCHARIS R. Br.
*376. E. acicularis (L.) R. & S. Spike-rush. Alma, Washtenaw Co., C. A. Davis.
Th.
377. E. acuminata (Muhl.) Nees. Flat-stemmed Spike-rush. Shores of lakes.
378. E. Engelmanni Steud. Engelmann's Spike-rush. Jackson, S. H. Camp;
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*379. E. intermedia (Muhl.) Schultes. Matted Spike-rush. Macomb Co., Dr.
D. Cooley; Grand Traverse Bay, Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston, C. F. Wheeler; Alma,
C. A. Davis. Low river banks.
380. E. interstincta (Vahl.) R. & S. Knotted Spike-rush. E. equisetoides Torr,
Wright Cat, Jackson Co., 1838.
*381. E. mutata (L. ) R. & S. Quadrangular Spike-rush. E. quadrangulata
R. & S. S. Mich., A. Gray; Flint; borders of Crystal Lake, Montcalm Co.; shores
of Park Lake and Pine Lake; Algonac, W. S. Cooper. Infrequent. C. & S.
381a. E. obtusa Schults. Ovoid Spike-rush. Wet grounds. N. shore of L.
Superior, Agassiz; southward; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Th.
*382. E. olivacea Torr. Bright-green Spike-rush. Shores of Park Lake, Clinton
Co., Wheeler; Vestaburg. C. A. Davis.
*383. E. ovata (Roth.) R. & S. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. '
*384. E. palustris (L.) R. & S. Creeking Spike-rush. Wet places. Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
385. E. palustris calva A. Gray. Lake Antoine, E. J. Hill.
*386. E. palustris glaucescens (Willd.) A. Gray. Alma, C. A. Davis. Frequent.
*387. E. Robbinsii Oakes. Bobbins' Spike-rush. Shallow water. Park Lake,
Clinton Co. The only station known in the State, C. F. Wheeler.
*388. E. palustris vigens L. H. Bailey. Indian River, Cheboygan Co.; along the
Great Lakes, Gray's Man. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
389. E. rostellata Torr. Beaked Spike-rush. Marshes. Hubbardston; Macomb
Co., Dnimmond's I.. Winch. Cat. Tuscola and Washtenaw Counties, C. A. Davis;
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Rare.
390. E. tenuis (Willd.) Schultes. Slender Spike-rush. Oscoda; east coast
of L. Superior, Canadian Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Th.
PSILOCARYA Torr.
391. P. scirpoides Torr. Long-beaked Bald-rush. Shore of Crooked Lake, near
Grand Rapids, Miss E. J. Cole.
STENOPHYLLUS Raf.
392. S. capillaris (L.) Britton. Hair-like Stenophyllus. Fimhristylis capillaris
A. Gray. S. Mich., Wright; Detroit; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Algonac, W. S.
Cooper. Rare.
FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl.
*393. F. autumnalis (L.) R. & S. Slender Fimbristylis. S. l\Iich., Wright; Pine
Lake, Ingham Co., Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Vestaburg. C. A. Davis.
394. F. castanea (Michx.) Vahl. Marsh Fimbristylis. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
52 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
SCIRPUS L.
*395. S. Americanus Pers. Three-square. S. pungens Vahl. Borders of ponds.
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Common. Th.
*396. S. atrovirens Muhl. Dark green Bulrush. Alma. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
Wet meadows. Common.
397. S. atrovirens pallidus Britton. Introduced from the west into Bay Co.,
G. M. Bradford; Keweenaw^ Co., Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
398. S. caespitosus L. Tufted Club-rush. Dr. A. B. Lyons; Marquette, E. J,
Hill; north shore of Lake Superior. Agassiz. U. P.
*399. S. Clintonii A. Gray. Clinton's Club-rush. Bluffs along Fish Creek, Hub-
bardston; Bath, L. H. Bailey; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Bay City, C. A. Davis.
Rare. C.
*400. S. cyperinus (L.) Kunth. Wool-grass. Wats. & Coult. Alma, Ann Arbor,
U. A. Davis. Frequent and variable.
401. S. cyperinus Eriophorum (Michx.) Britton. Eripliorum cypcrinum laxum.
Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell; Bay City, G. M. Bradford.
*402. S. debilis Pursh. Weak-stalked Club-rush. Macomb Co., Cooley; Park
Lake, Clinton Co., Wheeler; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Manistee, F. P. Daniels;
Alma, C. A. Davis. Rare.
403. S. Hallii A. Gray. Muskegon, C. D. McLouth.
404. S. fluviatilis (Torr.) A. Gray. River Club-rush. Margins of rivers. S.
Mich., Winch. Cat; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; Detroit; abundant along Maple
River; west of Lake Superior, Macoun. Th.
*405. S. lacustris L. Great Bulrush. In still water. Common. Th.
*40G. S. lineatus Michx. Reddish Bulrush. Common in "Bay Co., G. M. Brad-
ford; S. W.. H. S. Pepoon. River banks, S. Mich., Winch Cat.; Flint; Macomb
Co.; Hubbardston; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Keweenaw Co.; Alma, Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
407. S. microcarpus Presl. Small-fruited Bulrush. S. sylvaticus cligynus Boeckl.
Lake Nipigon, Ont., Macoun; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Manistee, P. P. Daniels.
408. S. nanus Spreng. Dwarf Club-rush. Hubbardston; Clinton Co., E. F.
Smith. Eleocharis pygmaea Torr.
409. S. Olneyi A. Gray. Olney's Bulrush. Border of deer lick near Hubbards-
ton, Wheeler.
410. S. pauciflorus Lightf. Few-flowered Club-rush. Grand Rapids, Miss E. J.
Cole; Port Austin, C. A. Davis. Frequent northward.
411. S. polyphyllus Vahl. Leafy Bulrush. S. Mich., Wright Cat.
*412. S. Smithii A. Gray. Smith's Club-rush. Shore of Park Lake, C. F.
Wheeler, 1891; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
*413. S. subterminalis Torr. Water Club-rush. Houghton Lake; Woodward
Lake, Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat; north of Lake
Superior. Can. Cat.; Alma, C. A. Davis. Infrequent.
413a. S. sylvaticus L. Wood Bulrush. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*414. S. Torreyi Olney. Torrey's Bulrush. Border of Pine Lake, Ingham Co.,
Bailey.
ERIOPHORUM L.
415. E. alpinum L. Alpine Cotton-grass. Mud Lake; Petoskey, E. J. Hill;
Macomb Co., Cooley; Elk Rapids, W. S. Cooper; Keweenaw Co. Infrequent. Th.
416. E. gracile Koch. Slender Cotton-grass. S. Mich. Wright Cat.; Flint; Hub-
bardston; Montcalm Co., and northward; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Rare. Th.
*418. E. polystachyon L. Tall Cotton-grass. Swamps. Common. Th.
*419. E. vaginatum L. Sheathed Cotton-grass. Sphagnous swamps. S. Mich.,
Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; near Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis;
Hubbardston; Bay Co., and northward. Th.
*420. E. Virginicum L. Virginia Cotton-grass. Sphagnous swamps. Ann Arbor,
Allmend. Cat.; Flint; Bay Co.; Hubbardston, Vestaburg, C. A. Davis, northward.
Infrequent. Th.
421. E. Virginicum album A. Gray. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
FUIRENA Rottb.
422. F. squarrosa Michx. Squarrose Fuirena. F. squarrosa pumila Torr.
Macomb Co., Dr. D. Cooley. Rare.' C.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA.
HEMICARPHA Nees and Arn.
53
*423. H. micrantha (Vahl.) Britton. C. & S. H. subsquarrosa Nees. S. W.,
Wright Cat.; Pine Lake, Ingham Co. Rare.
RHYNCHOSPORA Vahl.
424. R. alba (L.) Vahl. White Beaked-rush. Bogs. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.;
Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; N. E., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., F.; Mackinaw City,
Wheeler; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Th.
425. R. capillacea Torr. Capillary Beaked-rush. Bogs and sandy lake shores.
Hubbardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; Petoskey; St. Clair Co.; Jackson Co., C. A. Davis.
Infrequent. Th.
426. R. capillacea laeviseta Hill. C. K. Dodge. Shore Grand Traverse Bay, near
Torch Lake, E. J. Hill; Saginaw and Tuscola Counties, C. A. Davis; Orion, O. A.
Farwell.
427. R. cymosa Ell. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels.
428. R. fusca R. & S. Escanaba, E. ,1. Hill.
*429. R. glomerata (L.) Vahl. Clustered Beaked-rush. S. Mich., Wright Cat.
Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; Pine Lake, Ingham Co.; St. Clair Co., C. K.. Dodge;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Vestaburg, C. A. Davis.
CLADIUM P. Browne.
*430. C. mariscoides Torr. Twig-rush. Bogs. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Macomb
Co.; Flint; Hubbardston; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Tuscola and Washtenaw Coun-
ties, C. A. Davis. L. P.
SCLERIA Berg.
431. S. triglomerata Michx. Tall Nut-rush. S. Mich., Wright Cat., Macomb
Co.; Flint; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Livingston Co. Rare. S.
432. S. verticillata Muhl. Low Nut-rush. S. Macomb Co., D. Cooley; St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge; Orion, O. A. Farwell; Sebewaing, C. A. Davis. Rare.
CAREX L.
433. C. abacta Bailey. Yellowish Sedge. C.Michauxiana Boeckl. Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell; near Portage River. T. C. Porter.
434. C. adusta Boott. Browned Sedge. Crawford Co., Bailey; Grayling, G. H.
Hicks. Rare.
*435. C. alata Torr. Broad-winged Sedge. C. straminea alata Bailey. Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell; Crystal Lake, Montcalm Co., Wheeler; South Haven; Niles,
Dr. G. L. Ames, in University Herb.
436. C. albolutescens cumulata Bailey. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*437. C. Albursina Sheldon. White Bear Sedge. V. laxiflora latifolia Boott. Fox-
tail Sedge. Macomb Co.; Gray's Man.; Agricultural College grounds; Ypsilanti,
O. A. Farwell. P'requent. S.
*438. C. alopecoidea Tuckerman. Fox-tail Sedge. Macomb Co.; Gray's Man.;
Agricultural College grounds; Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell.
439. C. alopecoidea sparsispicata Dewey. Flint, Clark; Macomb Co., Cooley;
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
440. C. alpina Swartz. Alpine Sedge. Isle Royale, Whitney Cat. U. P.
441. C. altocaulis (Dewey) Britton. Sheathed Sedge. C. Saltuensis Bailey.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. P"'arwell; Oscoda Co., L. H. Bailey. N. & U. P.
*442. C. aquatilis WalJ. Water Sedge. Margins of streams. S. Mich,, Wright
Cat.; Flint; Macomb Co., Hubbardston; Sitting Rabbit, Winch. Cat.; Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. Th.
443. C. aquatilis elatior Bab. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Belle Isle, O. A. Far-
well.
444. C. arcta Boott. Northern Clustered Sedge. C. canescens polystachya Boott.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
445. C. arctata Boott. Drooping Wood Sedge. Woods. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.;
Petoskey; Hubbardston; Grand Ledge; Van Buren Co., Bailey. Th.
446. C. arctata Faxoni Bailey. Isle Royale, Dr. Sandberg; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell.
54 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
447. C. arctata x castanea Bailey. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*448. C. aristata R. Br. Awned Sedge. C. trichocarpa aristata Bailey. Agri-
cultural College grounds; northward to Lake Superior.
*449. C. Asa-Grayi Bailey. Gray's Sedge. C. Grayi Carey. Low grounds.
Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston; Lenawee Co., Detroit, O. A. Farwell. Rare.
*450. C. aurea Nutt. Golden-fruited Sedge. Borders of cool springs. S. E.
Wright Cat.; Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat; Macomb Co.; Pine Lake, Ingham Co.;
Hubbardston; Petoskey and northward; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Infrequent. Th.
451. C. Bicknellii Britton. Bicknell's Sedge. C. straminea Crawei Boott. Ann
Arbor, Dr. D. Clark; Grass Lake, C. F. Wheeler.
*452. C. bromoides Schk. Brome-like Sedge. Low grounds. Common. Th.
453. C. brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. Brownish Sedge. C. canescens alpicola Wa,h\.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*454. C. brunnescens gracilior Britton. C. canescens vulgaris Bailey. Common.
*455. C. canescens L. Silvery Sedge. In swamps. Th.
456. C. capillaris L. Hair-like Sedge. Point de Tour, Lake Michigan. A. Gray;
Sturgeon Point. Alcona Co.; Mackinaw, G. 11. Hicks. Common in the Lake Superior
region. N. & U. P.
*457. C. Careyana Torr. Gary's Sedge. Rich woods. Macomb Co.; Flint; Hub-
bardston; southward. Alma, C. A. Davis. Rare. S.
458. C Caroliniana Schwein. Carolina Sedge. Lapeer, Miss M. Owen.
459. C. castanea \\ahl. Chestnut Sedge. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
*460. C. cephaloidea Dewey. Thin-leaved Sedge. Fields. Macomb Co., Cooley; Ann
Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Alma, C. A. Davis; Detroit, 0. A.
Farwell. Rare. C;. & S.
*461. C. cephalophora ]Muhl. Oval-headed Sedge. Open woods. Common. C. & S.
*462. C. chordorhiza L. f. Creeping Sedge. Th. Upland swamps. Macomb Co.;
Hubbardston. Rare. Tli.
*463. C. comosa Boott. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; C. & S.
464. C. conjuncta Boott. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
465. C conoidea Schk. Field Sedge. S. E. Wright Cat.; Flint; Manistee, F. P.
Daniels; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. C. & S.
466. C. costellata Britton. Ribbed Sedge. Th. C. virescens costata Dew. S.
Mich., Winch. Cat.; Detroit; Constantine,* Dundee, Wheeler; So. Haven; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell.
467. C. Crawei Dewev. Crawe's Sedge. Macomb Co., Cooley; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell; St. Clair Co., C' K. Dodge; Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
Rare.
468. C Crawfordii Fernald. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*469. C. crinita Lam. Low grounds. Common. Th.
*470. C. cristatella Britton. Crested Sedge. Th. C. tribuloidcs cristata Bailey.
Hubbardston, Wheeler. Rare.
*471. C. Crus-Corvi Shuttlew. Raven's-foot Sedge. Valley of River Raisin near
Dundee; Reform school marsh, Lansing, C. F. Wheeler. The only localities known in
the State.
*472. C. Davisii Scliwein & Torr. Davis' Sedge. Keweenaw Co., Farwell. Rare.
*473. C. decomposita IMuhl. Large-panicled Sedge. Hubbardston; Ann Arbor, All-
mendinger Cat.; S. IMich., Wright Cat.; Lansing, Bailey. Very rare.
474. C. deflexa Horn em. Northern Sedge. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
475. C. deflexa Deanei Bailey. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Mackinaw, G. H.
Hicks.
476. C. deflexa Farwellii Britton. C. deflexa meadia Bailey. Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell.
*477. C. Deweyana Schwein. Dewey's Sedge. Woods. Frequent. Th.
*478. C. digitalis Willd. Slender Wood Sedge. Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston.
Frequent. S.
*479. C. digitalis copulata Bailey. Hubbardston; southward.
480. C. durifolia Bailey. C. Backii Boott. Orion, Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
Ontonagon River, Whitney Cat.; West Harrisville, Alcona Co. Rare.
482. C. exilis Dewey. Coast Sedge. Keweenaw Peninsula, 0. A. Farwell. The
only stations known in the State for this rare species.
*483. C. festucacea \\'illd. Fescue Sedge. G. straminea brevior Dewev. Common.
Th.
*484. C. filiformis L. Slender Sedge. Bogs. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; S.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 55
Mich., Wright Cat.; Hubbardston; Macomb Co.; Flint; common at Pino Lake, Ingham
Co.; Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwoll; Towar's Swamp, Lansing.
486. C. flacca Shreb. G. (jhiuca Scop. South shore of Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
487. C. flava L. Yellow Sodge. Sphagnous swamps. Frequent. Th.
488. C. flava graminis Bailey. Crawford Co., Bailey; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well. Rare.
480. C. foenea Willd. Hay Sedge. Alger's Camp, Alcona Co.; Potts; Oscoda Co.;
Crawford Co.; Isle Kovale, Dr. J. H. Sandberg.
490. C. foenea perjplexa Bailey. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Muskegon, Mrs. H. W.
Fallars. Northward.
491. C. folliculata L. Long Sedge. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; So. Haven; Flint;
Macomb Co., to L. Superior. Hare. Th.
*492. C. formosa Dewey. Handsome Sedge. Macomb Co.; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge;
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. ^ Kare. Th.
*493. C. fusca All. Brown Sedge. Bogs. S. E., Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.; Hub-
bardston; nortliward to L. Superior. Whitney Cat.; Alma, C. A. Davis. Irefrequent. Th.
*494. C. gracillima Schwein. Graceful Sedge. Wet meadows. Th.
*495. C. granularis Mulil. Meadow Sedge. Low grounds. Common. Th.
496. C. granularis Shriveri Britton. C. Haleana Olney. Frequent in low, clay
ground, C. F. Wheeler.
•497. C. grisea Wahl. Gray Sedge. Moist woods. Variable. Th.
*498. C. gynandra Schwein. Nodding Sedge. C. crinita gynandra Schwein. Low
grounds. Common. Th.
*499. C. Hartii Dewey. Hart-Wright's Sedge. C. retrorsa Hartii A. Gray. Hubbards-
ton; Agricultural College Farm; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
500. C. Haydeni Dewey. Hayden's Sedge. C. stricta decora Bailey. Peche Isle
and Belle Isle. C. F. Wheeler.
•501. C. Hitchcockiana Dewey. Hitchcock's Sedge. Woods. Flint; Hubbardston
and southward. S.
502. C. Houghtonii Torr. Houghton's Sedge. North part of Clare Co.; Keweenaw
Co.; Cheboygan Co.; Oscoda northward. N. & U. P.
•50.3. C. hystricina JMuhl. Porcupine Sedge. Wet meadows. Common. Th.
504. C. hystricina Dudleyi Bailey. Owosso, G. H. Hicks; Manistee, F. P. Daniels;
Bay Co., G. :\1. Bradford.
•505. C. interior Bailey. Keweenaw Co., Orion, Detroit, 0. A. Farwell. Common. Th.
•506. C. intumescens Rudge. Bladder Sedge. Swamps. South Haven and north-
ward. Common. Th.
507. C. intumescens Femaldi Bailey. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*50S. C. Jamesii Schwein. .James' Sedge. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Cassopolis;
Dundee. Infrequent. Th.
•509. C, lanuginosa Michx. Woolly Sedge. G. filiformis latifolia Boeckl. Keweenaw
Co. and Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Flint; Macomb Co.; Hubbards-
ton; Alma; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
510. C. laxiculmis Schwein. Spreading Sedge. Washington, Macomb Co., Dr.
Cooley; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Rare.
•511. C. laxflora Lam. Loose-flowered Sedge. Beech and maple woods. Exceedingly
variable. Common. Th.
•512. C. laxiflora blanda (Dewey) Boott. G. laxiflwa striatula Carey. Ypsilanti,
Detroit, 0. A. Farwell ; Bay Co.. G. 'M. Bradford.
513. C. laxiflora patulifolia (Dewey) Carey. Frequent in center and south.
•515. C. laxiflora varians Bailey. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; southward. Com-
mon. Th.
516. C. lenticularis IMichx. Lenticular Sedge. "Upper Michigan," Gray; Laugh-
ing Fish R.. L. Superior, Henry Gillman. U. P.
♦517. C. leptalea \\ ahl. Bristle-stalked Sedge. C. polytriehoides Willd. Low
grounds. Common. Th.
•518. C. limosa L. Mud Sedge. Bogs. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Macomb Co.;
Hubbardston and northward. Irefrequent. Th.
519. C. livida (Wahl) Willd. U. P. Lake Superior, Gray's Manual; St. Clair Co.,
C. K. Dodge. Rare.
•520. C. longirostris Torr. Long-beaked Sedge. Woods. Flint; Hubbardston and
northward: St. Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge. Rare.
•521. C. lupulina ]\IuhI. Hop Sedge. Low grounds. Common. Th.
522. C. lupulina x lupuliformis C. A. Davis. New hybrid. Alma, C. A. Davia,
56 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*523. C. lupulina pedunculata Dew. "With the species, but not common," L. H.
Bailey in Gray's Manual, (ith ed. Frequent at Lansing.
*524. C. luplina x retrorsa Dudley. Lansing, Bailey; Alma, C. A. Davis.
*525. C lupuliformis Sartwell. Hop-like Sedge. Washington, Dr. D. Cooley; Lan-
sing. C. F. Wheeler; Alma, C. A. Davis.
526. C. lurida Wahl. Sallow Sedge. Antrim Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat.; So.
daven; Hubbardston; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
*.527. C. lurida flaccida Bailey. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*528. C. lurida subglobosa Fernald. Near the Agricultural College, C. F. Wheeler.
*529. C. Magellanica Lam. Magellan Sedge. Sphagnous swamps. Local. Th.
*530. C. Meadii Dewey. Mead's Sedge. C. tetanica Meadii Bailey. Sphagnous
swamps, ^facomb Co.; Hubbardston; Constantine. Infrequent.
*532. C. monile Tuckerman. Necklace Sedge. Th. Mud Lake, Petoskey, E. J. Hill;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Colon, ^^^leeler; Reform School marsh, Lansing; Alma,
Ann Aibor, C. A. Davis. Th.
533. C. monile x utriculata, O. A. Farwell. Sphagnum swamps. Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell.
*534. C. Muhlenbergii Schk. ^Muhlenberg's Sedge. Fields. Hubbardston; Bay City;
Macomb Co.; southward. Infrequent. C. & S.
*535. C. Muskingumensis Schwein. Muskingum Sedge. Hubbardston; Flint; near
Owosso, G. H. Hicks; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Ann Arbor and Alma, C. A. Davis;
Ypsilanti. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. C. & S.
530. C. oligocarpa Schk. Few-fruited Sedge. Flint; Macomb Co.. Dr. D. Cooley;
Cassopolis, Wheeler; Detroit, Dr. Lyons.
537. C. oligosperma ]\Iichx. Few-seeded Sedge. Borders of sM'amps and lakes.
Hubbardston; Woodward Lake; Houghton Lake; Crawford Co.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
538. C. pallescens L. Pale Sedge. Dr. A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell;
Sault de Ste. [Marie, Macoun.
*539. C. pauciflora Lightfoot. Few-flowered Sedge. U. P., Dr. A. B. Lj'ons; Choco-
late R., L. Superior, Henry Gillman; Towar's swamp near Agi'icultural College; Alma,
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*540. C. pedicellata (Dewey) Britton. Fibrous-rooted Sedge. Th. C. communis
Bailey.
*54"i. C. pedicellata Wheeleri (Bailey) Britton. C. communis Wheeleri L. H. Bailey.
Hubbardston; Grand Ledge; Alcona Co.; [Mackinac, G. H. Hicks; Keweenaw Co., O. A.
Farwell. Infrequent.
*542. C. pedunculata Muhl. Long-stalked Sedge. Hillsides. Alma, C. A. Davis;
Bay Co., G. 31. Bradford. Infrequent. Th.
*543. C. Pennsylvanica Lam. Pennsvlvania Sedge. Dry woods. Our commonest
Sedge. Th.
*544. C. plantaginea Lam. Plantain-leaved Sedge. Hillsides. Alma, C. A. Davis,
Scarce. 'Ih.
*545. C. platyphylla Carey. Broad-leaded Sedge. Grand Rapids, Coleman's Cat.;
Hubbardston; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Infrequent. S.
546. C. prasina Wahl. Drooping Sedge. Wet meadows. Hubbardston; S. Mich.,
Winch. Cat.; Flint; Port Huron, G. K. Dodge; Alma, C. A. Davis. Rare. S.
547. C praticola Rydb. C. pratetisis Drej. not Hose. Northern Meadow Sedge.
Pic River. Lake Superior, C. Loring.
548. C. Pseudo-Cyperus L. Cyperus-like Sedge. Margins of streams. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston; Sturgis, F. N. Daniels; Alma, Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis; northward. Infrei|uent. Th.
*549. C. pubescens Muhl. Pubescent Sedge. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Macomb Co.;
Hubbardston to Lake Superior, Whitney Cat. Frequent. I'h.
550. C. Redowskyana C. A. :Myer. Redowsky's Sedge. C. gynocrates Wormskiold.
N. E. and N. W., Winch. Cat.; Sturgeon Point, Alcona Co.; Mio, Oscoda Co.; Manistee,
F. P. Daniels.
551. C. retroflexa IMuhl. Reflexed Sedge. C. rosea retroflexa Torr. Frequent. S.
*552. C. retrorsa Schwein. Retrorse Sedge. River banks. Frequent. Th.
553. C. Richardsonii R. Br. Richardson's Sedge. Barrens. Ionia Co.; Macomb Co.;
Gaylord, G. E. Haneorne; Orion, O. A. Farwell. Scarce.
555. C. riparia ^^'. Curtis. River-bank Sedge. Wet places. Common. Th.
*556. C. rosea Schk. Stellate Sedge. Moist woods. Frequent. S.
*557. C. rosea radiata Dewey. Dry woods. Frequent. Th.
liP.AL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 57
•558. C. Sartwellii Dewey. S. ]\JicIi., \\'iiicli. Cat.; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston;
Orion, O. A. l'";ir\vell; and nortliward. Th.
*559. C. scabrata Seliwein. Rouprli Sedge. Banks of streams. Flint; Grand Rapids,
Coleman Cat.; Ilubbardslon to J>ake Superior, Whitney Cat. Infrequent.
5G0. C. Schweinitzii Dew. Schweinitz's Sedge. Near Fraser's, Crawford Co., Prof.
L. 11. Bailey. Only statiun known in Stale.
5(il. C. scirpoidea Michx. Scirpus-like Sedge. Winch. Cat.; Druniniond's Isle;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. N. K.
*5f)2. C. scoparia Schk. Pointed Broom Sedge. Th. C. scaparia minor Boott.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Low grounds. Common.
5G3. C. setifolia (Dewey) Britton. Brittle-leaved Sedgw. Th. C. Ebwmea Boott.
Hillside. South Haven on sand dunes and northward. Infrequent.
*5()4. C. siccata Dewey. Dry-spiked Sedge. Barrens. ^Macomb Co.; Flint; Hub-
bardston; near Park Lake. Clinton Co.; northward to Lake Superior. Infrequent.
*5(io. C. sparganioides Muhl. Burr-reed Sedge. Low, rich grounds, St. Clair Co.,
C. K. Dodge. Iiifre(|uent. C. & S.
*5()C. C. squarrosa h. Squarrose Sedge. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Hubbardston; Lan-
sing, Bailey; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Eare.
5G7. C. sterilis Willd. Little Prickly Sedge. C. echinata microstachys! Boeckl.
S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; Orion and Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell; and northward. Common.
'508. C. sterilis cephalantha Bailey. C. echinata cephalantha Bailey. Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell; ]\Ianistee, F. P. Daniels.
*5G9. C. stipata IMuhl. Awl-fruited Sedge. Low gi'ounds. Common. Th.
*570. C. straminea Willd. Straw Sedge. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; !Macomb Co.;
Flint; Hubbardston: Sciuth Haven; northward to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Fre-
quent. Th.
57L C. straminea ferruginea (A. Graj-.) Bailey. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Port
Huron, Algonac, C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*572. C. straminea mirabilis (Dewey) Tuck. C. mirabilis Dewey. Alma, Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis; Hubbardston and northward. Infrequent. Th.
*573. C. stricta Lam. Tussock Sedge. Low grounds. Common. Th.
574. C. stricta angustata (Boot) Bailey. Less common than the species. Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis; Hubbardston, Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
575. C stricta x filifonnis Bailey. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
57(5. C. sychnocepliala Carey. Dense Long-beaked Sedge. Crystal, ^Montcalm Co.
Only station known in the State, C. F. Wheeler. S.
*577. C. tenella Schk. Soft-leaved Sedge. Sphagnous swamps. Common.
*578. C. tenuiflora Wahl. Sparse-ilowered Sedge. U. P., WTiitney Cat.; Oscoda Co.;
Towar's swamp, near Lansing, \Mieeler, 1890; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Th.
579. C. tenuis Rudge. Slender-stalked Sedge. C. d^bilis Rudgei Bailey. Bear
Lake, Van Buren Co.. 11 J. Hill; shores of Barron Lake, Cass Co.; Gaylord; Alcona Co.
580. C. tenuis interjecta (Bailey) Britton. C. debilis interjecta Bailev. Grayling,
W. J. B.
*581. C. teretiuscula Good. Lesser-panicled Sedge. Swamps. Common. Th.
*582. C teretiuscula prairea (Dewey) Britton. C. teretiuscula ramosa Boott. Orion,
O. A. Farwell. Fiequent.
*58.3. C. tetanica Schkuhr. \^'oods Sedge. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Grand Ledge. C. F.
Wheeler; near Pine Lake, Ingham Co., L. H. Bailey; Macomb Co.; Flint, and northward.
*584. C. tetanica Woodii Bailey. Central part of the State. Infrequent.
*585. C. tribuloides Wahl. Blunt-broom Sedge. Th.
*58G. C. tribuloides Bebbii Bailey. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Detroit, 0. A. Far-
well. Th.
587. C. tribuloides moniliformis (Tuck.) Britton. V. tribuloides reducta Bailey.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; x\lma, C. A. Davis; Bay Co.,
G. iM. Bradford.
588. C. tribuloides turbata Bailey. Swales. Keweenaw, 0. A. Farwell. Frequent.
589. C. triceps hirsuta Bailey. In an oak wood on the farm of Hon. N. B. Hayes,
in North Plains township, Ionia Co. Not known to occur elsewhere in the State.
*590. C. trichocarpa :Muhl. Hairy-fruited Sedge. S. iSlk-h., Wright Cat.; Macomb
Co. Infrequent. C. & S.
*591. C. trisperma Dewey. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*592. C. Tuckermani Dewey. Tuckerman's Sedge. Swamps. S. Mich., Wright Cat.;
68 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Hubbardston; Flint; IMacomb Co., and northward; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
Frequent.
*593. C. umbellata Schk. Umbel-like Sedge. Grand Ledge, C. F. Wheeler; Kewee-
naw Co., O. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. Rare.
594. C. umbellata vicina Dewey. Alcona Co.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Grand
Ledge, C. F. Wheeler; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
*595. C. utriculata Boott. Bottle Sedge. Swamps. Common. Th.
576. C. varia Muhl. Emmons' Sedge. Barron Lake; New BuflFalo; Monroe Co.;
dunes of South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Oscoda Co.; Crawford Co.; Grand Traverse, Winch.
Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
597. C. virescens ISluhl. Dewey. Green Sedge. Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Wayne,
C. A. Davis.
598. C. viridula Michx. Green Sedge. C. flava wrichila Bailey. Margins of lakes.
Frequent. Th.
*599. C. vulpinoidea Michx. Fox Sedge. Low meadows. Common. Th.
600. C. Willdenovii Schk. Willdenow's Sedge. Bear Lake, Van Buren Co., E. J.
Hill. Rare.
ARACE.S Neck. Arum Family.
ARISAEMA Mart.
*601. A. Dracontium (L.) Schott. Green Dragon. Dragon-root. C. & S.
*602. A. triphyllum (L.) Torr. Indian Turnip. Rich woods. Th.
PELTANDRA Raf.
*603. P. Virginica (L.) Kunth. Green Arrow-arum. P. nndulata Raf. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Huron River, Allmendinger Cat.; Ionia Co.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford;
Flint. C. & S.
CALLA L.
*604. C. palustris L. Water Arum. Bogs. Frequent. Th.
SPATHYEMA Raf. Stmplocaepus Salisb.
*G05. S. foetida (L.) Raf. Skunk Cabbage. Symplocarpus foetidus Nutt. Th.
ACORUS L.
*606. A. Calamus L. Margin of streams. Infrequent. Th.
LEMNACEiE Dumort. Duckweed Family.
SPIRODELA Schleid.
*607. S. polyrhiza (L.) Sclileid. Greater Duckweed. Ponds. Common.
LEMNA L. Duckweed. Duck's-meat.
*608. L. minor L. Lesser Duckweed. Th. Ponds Blossoms occasionally in June.
Common.
609. L. perpusilla Torr. Minute Duckweed. Detroit River, D. H. Campbell; Dr.
A. B. Lyons. Rare. C. & S.
*610. L. trisulca L. Ivy-leaved Duckweed. Ponds. Frequent. C. & S.
WOLFFIA Horkel.
6n. W. Columbiana Karst. Columbia WolfBa. Abundant on Maple River, Clinton
Co.; Ionia Co.; Detroit. J. M. Bigelow.
612. W. punctata Griseb. Brazil Wolffia. W. Brasiliensis Engelm., not Wedd.
Abundant on Maple River, Clinton Co.; Ionia Co.; Detroit, J. M. Bigelow; Bay Co.,
G. M. Bradford.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 59
XYRIDACE.E Li lull. Yellow-eyed Grass Family.
XYRIS L.
613. X. flexuosa IMuhl. JNTacomb Co.; S. W., Wright Cat.; Ilubbardston, Wheeler;
Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Vestabiirj;. ('. A. Davis; S. W., H. S. Popoon. Rare.
614. *K. montana II. Rie.s. Yellow-eyed Grass. .Y. flexuosa jmsilla A. Gray. Lake
Superior, Gray's Manual, 6th edition.
ERIOCAULACE^ Liiull. Pipewort Family.
ERIOCAULON L.
615. E. septangulare With. Margin of Long Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; S. W.,
Wright Cat.; Macomb Co.; Cooley; Kscanaba, E. J. Hill; Alma, C. A. Davis. Infre-
quent. L. P.
COMMELINACE.^ Eeichenb. Spiderwort Family.
COMMELINA L.
616. C. Virginica L. Yirginia Day-flower. S. W. Wright Cat.
TRADESCANTIA L. Spiderwort.
617. T. reflexa Raf. Grass Lake, Cassopolis, Muskegon, C. F. Wheeler; Algonac
Co., W. S. Cooper.
618. T. Virginica L. Common Spiderwort. Moist wooks. Ionia Co.; Grand Rapids;
Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Hillsdale Co. Frequent. C. & S.
PONTEDERIACE.E Dumort. Pickerel-weed Family.
PONTEDERIA L.
*619. P. cordata L. Pickerel-weed. Borders of lakes and slow streams. Lakes in
Oakland Co.; Ann Arbor; Ionia Co., and northward. Th.
*G20. P. cordata lancifolia (Muhl.) Morong. P. cordata a)i(jiistifoUa Torr. Lake
St. Clair; Pine Lake, Ingham Co.
HETERANTHERA R. & P.
*621. H. dubia (Jacq.) MacM. Water Star-grass. H. gramlnea Vahl. Ann Arbor,
Allmend. Cat.; Dexter, Dr. Elmore Palmer; Grand Rapids; Bay Co.; Hubbardston;
Alma, C. A. Davis. In streams. Common. C. & S.
JUNCACEiE Vent. Rush Family.
JUNCUS L.
*622. J. acuminatus Michx. Short-fruited Rush. Macomb Co.; Fruitport, E. J.
Hill; Hubbardston; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Alma,
C. A. Davis.
623. J. articulatus L. Pointed Rush. Alger, C. F. Wheeler; Tuscola County, C. A.
Davis. Th.
624. J. Balticus littoralis Kngelm. Sandy shores. S. Haven, Bailey; to Petoskey;
Port Huron; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Oscodo and northward. A form of this species
is found at Hubbardston, Ionia Co., Wheeler; Port Austin, C. A. Davis. Th.
625. J. brachycarpus Engelm. Short-fruited Rush. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
•626. J. brachycephalus (Engelm.) Buch. Small-headed Rush. J. Canadensis
braehj/ccphalm Engelm. Hubbardston; Howell Junction, C. F. "Wheeler; Bay Co., G. M.
Bradford. S.
60 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*627. J. bufonius L. Toad Rush. Roadsides. Common. Th.
*628. J. Canadensis J. Gay. Canada Rush. Fruitport, E. J. Hill; Macomb Co.;
Hubbardston; northward to Sault Ste. [Marie, Burgess; Alma, C .A. Davis. Common.
Th.
629. J. Canadensis brevicaudatus Engelm. J. Canadensis coarctatus Engelm. De-
troit: north shore of Lake Superior, Dr. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*631. J. conglomeratus L. Glomera-te Rush. J. effusus conglomcratus Engelm.
Swamps; not so common as the species.
632. J. Dudley! Wieg. Keweenaw Co., Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*633. J. effusus L. Common or Soft Rush. Marshy grounds. Common. Th.
634. J. filiformis L. Thread Rush. Adrian, Tuthill; Saginaw Bay, Winch. Cat.;
L. Superior. Jno. IMacoun. Rare.
635. J. Gerardi Loisel. Black-grass. "Rare about the Great Lakes," Gray's Manual,
630. J. Greenii Oakes & Tuck. Green's Rush. Head of Lake Michigan, Gray's
Manual, Gth edition; Detroit, Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., O, A. Farwell; St. Clair Co.,
C. K. Dodge. Rare.
637. J. interior Wieg. J. tenuis secundus Engelm. Palmer Park, Detroit, C. F.
Wheeler; Twin Lake, Muskegon Co., C. F. Wheeler.
638. J. marginatus Rostk. Grass-leaA-ed Rush. S. jNlicli., Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.,
Dr. D. Cooley; Grand Rapids, Wheeler; Livingston Co., C. A. Davis. Rare. S.
*639. J. nodosus L. Knotted Rush. Gravelly banks. Common. An intermediate
form grows with the species on the shore of Litle Traverse Bay, ^^^leeler.
'640. J. pelocarpus E. ]Meyer. Brownisli-fruited Rush. Th.' Shore of Woodward
Lake, Ionia Co.; Pine Lake, Ingham Co.; Lake Superior; J. Macoun, Can. Cat.; Bear
Lake, Manistee Co., E. J. Hill; Macomb Co., Dr. D. Cooley; Vestaburg, C. A. Davis.
Infrequent.
*641. J. Richardsonianus Schult. Richardson's Rush. J. alpinus insignis Fries.
"Along the Great Lakes northward and westward," Gray. Common. Along railroad
track on Agi'icultural College Farm. This species has been mistaken by early col-
lectors for J. articulatus, which is confined to the New England States. Engelmann.
Th.
642. J. scirpoides Lam. Scirpus-like Rush. Sturgis. F. P. Daniels.
644. J. stygius L. Moor Rush. "N. shore of Lake Superior, Mr. Wheeler," Gray's
Manual, 5th edition; Marquette, E. J. Hill.
*645. J. tenuis Willd. Slender Rush. Roadside. Common. Th.
646. J. Torreyi Coville. Torrey's Rush. J. nodosus megaeephalns Torr. Flint;
Hubbardston and southward; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
647. J. Vaseyi Engelm. Vasey's Rush. Detroit, Lyons; Lake Superior, John
Macoun.
JUIVCOIDES Adans. Luzula DC.
*648. J campestre (L.) Kuntze. Common Wood-rush. Luzula camijestris DC.
*649. J. pilosum (L.) Kuntze. Hairy Wood-rush. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Com-
mon. Th.
650. J. spicatum (L.) Kuntze. Spiked Wood-rush. Luzula spicata DC. Dr. A. B.
Lyons. U. P. Woods. Common. Th.
MELANTHACEiE K. Br. Bunch-flower Family.
TOFIELDIA Hudson.
*651. T. glutinosa (^lichx.) Pursh. Glutinous Toficldia. Sphagnous swamps. Fre-
quent. Th.
652. T. palustris Hudson. Scottish Asphodel. Isle Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons. U. P.
CHAMAELIRIUM Willd.
653. C. luteum (L.) A. Gray. Blazing Star. C. Carolinianum Willd. Dr. A. B.
Lyons. U. P.
ZYGADENUS Miclix.
*654. Z. elegans Pursh. Tli. S. W., Wriglit Cat.; Dexter. Dr. Elmore Palmer; Ann
Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Grand Ledge; Clarkston, G. H. Hicks; Ionia; Davisburg;
Petoskey; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Detroit, O. A. Farwell. Rare.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 61
UVULARIA L.
*655. U. grandiflora J. E. Smith. Large-flowered Belhvort. Ricli woods. Common.
C. & S.
G5G. U. perfoliata L. Perfoliata Belhvort. Rich woods. Marquette Co., Burt MS.
Cat.; Flint; Macoiul) Co. Infrequent.
657. U. sessilifolia L. Sessile-leave Belhvort. Oakesia sessilifoUa S. Wats. Low
woods. Monroe Co., Wheeler; Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Ypsilanti; Flint; Macomb
Co.; Crvstal Lake, Montcalm Co., E. F. Smith, and northward to Marquette Co.,
Whitney Cat. Th.
LILIACE^ Adans. Lily Family.
HEMEROCALLIS L.
*65S. H. fulva L. Common Day-lily. Escaped from cultivation.
ALLIUM L.
*659. A. Canadense Kalm. Wild Garlic. Woods. Common. C. & S.
660. A. cernuum Roth. Wild Onion. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat. S.
661. A. Sibiricum L. .1. Schoenopranum 111. Fl., not L. Chives. Dr. A. B. Lyons;
Gray's Manual; N. shore of Lake Superior, Agassiz; Keweenaw Point, 0. A .Farwell.
U. P.
*662. A. tricoccum Ait. Wild Leek. Rich woods. Th.
*663. A. vineale L. Field Garlic. In the aboretum of the Agricultural College.
LILIUM L.
664. L. Canadense L. Wild Yellow Lily. ]\Ieadows and along streams. Northward,
frequent.
*G65. L. Philadelphicum L. Wild Orange-red Lily. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat;
Hubbardston; Petoskey; and northward. Not common in the central part of the
State. There is some doubt about the presence of this plant in Mich.
*666. L. superbum L. Turk's-cap Lily. Low grounds. Ann Arbor (Miss Clark),
Winch. Cat.; Flint; S. Haven, Bailey; Alma, C. A. Davis. Frequent. C. & S.
667. L. umbellatum Pursh. \\'estern Red Lily. Alpena, Traverse City, C. F.
Wheeler; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell; Birmingham, S. Alexander.
ERYTHRONIUM L.
*668. E. albidum Nutt. White Adder's -tongue Violet. Th. Ann Arbor, Allmend.
Cat.; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston. "At L. Superior Dr. Bobbins found a plant like
this but yellow flowered, a transition toward E. grandiflorum," Grav's INlan.; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell.
670. E. Americanum Ker. Yellow Adder's-tongue. Low copses. Common. Th.
QUAMASIA Raf. Camassia Lindl.
670. Q. hyacinthina (Raf.) Britton. Wild Hyacinth. Camassia Fraseri Torr.
Adrian, Airs. 1. 11. Wheeler; White Island in the Detroit river opposite Amherstburg,
Dr. J. Macoun.
MUSCARI Mill.
MUSCARIA.
670a. M. botryoides (L.) Mill. Grape Hyacinth. Moist grass lands. Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
ALETRIS L.
671. A. farinosa L. Colic-root Star-grass. Addison, G. F. Comstock; Howard
City; Grand Rapids; Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Macomb Co.; Flint; Clarkston, G. H.
Hicks; Hubbardston; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Rare. C. & S.
62 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
CONVALLARIACE^ Link. Lily-of-the-Valley FamUy.
ASPARAGUS L.
*672. A. oflScinalis L. Garden Asparagus. Sparingly escaped from gardens in older
parts of the State.
CLINTONIA Raf.
673. C. borealis (Ait.) Eaf. Yellow Clintonia. Follows the Lake Michigan shore
down as far as S. Haven; on the eastern side of the State reaches to Macomb Co.,
Dr. D. Cooley; and in the center of the State is found in Ionia Co.; Alma, C. A. Davis.
Very common north of latitude 43°.
VAGNERA Adans. Smilacina Desf.
*674. V. racemosa (L.) Morong. Wild Spikenard. Smilacina racemosa Desf. Moist
grounds. Common. Th.
*675. V. Stella ta (L.) Morong. Star-flowered Solomon's Seal. Smilacina stellata
Desf. Moist banks. Common. Th.
*676. V. trifolia (L.) Morong. Three-leaved Solomon's Seal. Smilacina trifolia
Desf. Sphagnous swamps. Frequent. Th.
UNIFOLIUM Adans. Maianthemum Wigg.
*677. U. Canadense (Desf.) Greene. False Lily-of-the-valley. Maianthemum
Canadense Desf. Woods, everywhere.
STREPTOPUS Michx.
678. S. amplexifolius (L.) DC. Twisted Stalk. Fort Gratiot, Winch. Cat.; Houghton
Lake to Lake Superior, where it is rare, Whitney Cat.
679. S. roseus Michx. Sessile-leaved Twisted-stalk. Cedar swamps. Mt. Pleasant,
Alma, Chas. A. Davis; Cheboygan Co., B. & K. ; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Drummond's
Is., and Sugar Is., Winch. Cat.; to L. Superior where it is very common, Whitney Cat.
SALOMONIA Heist. Polygonatum Adans.
*680. S. biflora (Walt.) Britt. Smaller Solomon's Seal. P. bifiontm Ell. Ann
Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co., and northward. Open woods. Common. Th.
*681. S. commutata (R. & S.) Britt. Smooth Solomon's Seal. Th. P. giganteum
Dietrich. Great S. S. River banks. Stems often very tall and channeled on one side.
Intermediate forms between this and the preceding occur. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
MEDEOLA L.
*682. M. Virginiana L. Indian Cucumber-root. L. P. Abundant at Gaylord, where
it probably reaches its N. limits, G. L. Stewart; Alma and Wayne, C. A. Davis; S. W.,
H. S. Pepoon.
TRILLIUM L. Wake Robin. Birthroot.
*683. T. cernuum L. Nodding Wake-robin. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.;
Flint; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.; northward to Keweenaw, 0. A. Farwell; Alma and
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent.
*684. T. erectum L. Ill-scentod Wake-robin. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Constantine;
Port Huron, Dodge. The white form with declinate pedicels is most common through-
out, and the only form in the northern part of the State. Th.
*6S.5. T. grandiflorum (IMichx.) Salisb. Large-flowered Wake-robin. Rich woods.
Exceedingly variable and apt to sport. Common. Th.
680. T. nivale Riddell. Dwarf White Trillium. Low woods. One of our earliest
spring flowers. Hubbardston; Ionia; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat., Niles, I. N. Mitchell.
Rare. C. & S.
687. T. recurvatum Beck. Prairie Wake-robin. Niles, I. N. Mitchell. S. W.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 63
G88. T. sessile L. Sossile-flowercd ^\'ake-I•obin. Dr. A. B. Lyons; St. Joseph,
Wheeler; Niles, I. N. Mitchell. Rare. S.
689. T. undulatum \Vill(l. Painted T. T. eri/throcarpum Michx. S. Mich., Wright
Cat.; not observed in the center of the State; Port Huron, Dodge; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. Infrequent. Tii.
SMILACEiE Vent, Smilax Family.
SMILAX L.
*G90. S. ecirrhata (Engelni.) S. Wats. Upright Smilax. St. Clair, C. K. Dodge; Belle
Isle, 0. A. Farwell; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; Alma„ Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*691. S. herbacea L. Carrion-flower, lliver banks. Flowers much visited by blow-
flies. Common. Th.
*692. S. herbacea pulverulenta (A. Gray.) Michx. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.;
Owosso, G. H. Kicks; Alma, C. A. Davis.
*693. S. hispida Muhl. Hispid Greenbrier. The common woody species in Ionia and
adjacent counties. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston; Flint; Houghton Lake;
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; northward to Lake Superior, Whitney Cat.
694. S. rotundifolia L. Common Greenbrier. Horse-brier. Ann Arbor, Allmend.
Cat.; Flint; Macomb Co.; Kent Co., Coleman Cat.; Benton Harbor. Infrequent. C. & S.
AMARYLLIDACEiE Lindl. Amaryllis Family.
HYPOXIS L. Star-grass.
695. H. hirsuta (L.) Coville. Star-grass. Tuscola county, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
H. erecta L. Meadows. Common.
DIOSCOREACEiE Lindl. Yam Family.
DIOSCOREA L.
*696. D. villosa L. Wild Yam -root. Eich woods. Frequent. C. & S.
IRIDACEiE Lindl. Iris Family.
IRIS L.
697. I. lacustris Nutt. Dwarf Lake Iris. Bois Blanc I. and Drummond's I.. Winch.
Cat.; Mackinac, Whitney Cat.; "Shores of L. Huron and Mich.," A. Gray, Lewis Foote;
Macl^naw City, Wheeler; Alpena, C. A. Davis.
*698. I. versicolor L. Larger Blue Flag. Low grounds. Common. Th.
SISYRINCHIUM L.
*699. S. albidum Raf. White Blue-eyed Grass. Barron Lake, C. F. \^^leeler; Belle
Isle, O. A. Farwell; Kalamazoo, K. M. Gibbs.
*700. S. angustifolia Miller. Northern Blue-eyed Grass. Moist grassy places. Com-
mon. Th.
701. S. apiculatum Bicknell. Muskegon Co., C. D. McLouth.
702. S. Farwellii Bicknell. Near Birmingham, Oakland Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*703. S. graminoides Bicknell. Belle Isle and elsewhere, 0. A. Farwell; 8. anceps
S. Wats. Palo. Petoskey, C. F. Wheeler.
704. S. hastile Bicknell. Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
705. S. mucronatum Michx. Michaux's Blue-eyed Grass. Southeast Michigan,
O. A. Farwell.
706. S. striatum Bicknell. Montcalm Co., Brittou's Manual.
64 . MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
ORCHIDACE^ Lindl. Orchis Family.
CYPRIPEDIUM L.
*707. C. acaule Ait. Stemless Ladies' Slipper. Dry woods and sphagnous swamps.
Frequent. Th.
708. C. arietinum R. Brown. Ram's-head Ladies' Slipper. Isle Royale, Dr. A. B.
Lyons; tamarack swamp one-half mile east^ of Whitmore Lake, W. H. Lewis; Mt.
Pleasant, C. A. Davis. Rare.
709. C. candidum Willd. Small WTiite Ladies' Slipper. Tamarack swamps. Ann
Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Kalamazoo; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston; Howell Junction,
C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Rare.
*710. C. hirsutum Mill. Large Yellow Ladies' Slipper. C. pubescens Willd. Woods,
in moist or dry ground. Frequent.
*711. C. parviflorum Salib. . Smaller Yellow Ladies' Slipper. Very wet swamps.
Frequent. Th.
• *712. C. reginae Walt. Showy La,dies' Slipper. C. spcctabile Salisb. Swamps.
Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Macomb Co.; Flint; Hubbardston;
Keweenaw Co.; Alma, C. A. Davis. Frequent. Th.
ORCHIS L.
713. 0. rotundifolia Pursh. Small Round-leaved Oichis. Frankfort, E. J. Parker;
Maxquette, T. H. Danger; Lake Fumee, E. J. Hill.
GALEORCHIS Rydb. Orchis L., in part.
*7I4. G. spectabilis (L.) Rydb. Showy Orchis. OrcMs spectahilis L. Rich woods.
Scarce. C. & S.
PERULARIA Lindl. Habenaria Willd., in part.
71.5. P. flava (L.) 0. A. Farwell. Tubercled Orchis. Habenaria flava (L.) A. Gray.
Macomb Co.; Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; S. W. Wright Cat.; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.;
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Alma, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. Th.
COELOGLOSSUM Hartman. Habenaria Willd., in part.
*716. C. bracteatum (Willd.) Pari. Long-bracted Orchis. Habenaria bracteata
(Willd.) R. Br. Ann Arbor and Emmet Co., Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.; Kalamazoo;
Hubbardston; Flint; Alma, and northward. Th.
GYMNANDENIOPSIS Rydb. Habenaria Willd., in part.
717. G. clavellata (Michx.) Rydb. Small Green Wood Orchis. Habenaria clavellata
(Michx.) Spreng. Lenawee Co., G. F. Comstock; S. W., Wright Cat.; Ann Arbor, All-
mend. Cat.; Hubbardston, Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Alma, C. A. Davis; and northward.
LIMNORCHIS Rydb. Habenaria Willd., in part.
*718. L. dilatata (Pursh.) Rydb. Tall White Bog Orchis. Habenaria dilatata
(Pursh.) Hook. S. E. Winch. Cat.; Constantine and northward. Th.
719. L. hyperborea (L.) Rydb. Tall Leafy Green Orchis. Habenaria hyperbo^ea
(L.) R. Br. Wet woods. Frequent northward. Th.
LYSIAS Salisb. Habenaria Willd., in part.
*720. L. Hookeriana (A. Gray) Rydb. Hooker's Orchis. Habenaria Hookeriana
A. Gray. S. E. Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston; Flint; Lake Superior, Whitney Cat.; Alma,
C. A. Davis. Rare southward. Th.
*721. L. orbiculata (Pursh.) Rydb. Large Round-leaved Orchis. Habenaria
orbiculata (Pursh.) Torr. Freijuent in the pine region, not rare on U. P., Whitney,
Cat.; Hubbardston; Alma; Flint. Th.
HEAL ON MICHK4AN FLORA. 65
LYSIELLA llydb. Habenaria Willd., in part.
722. L. obtusata (I'ursh.) Rydb. Small Northern Bog Orchis. Uabcnaria obtusata
(Pursh.) Kichards. Clieboygan Co., B. & K.; Pictured Rocks, G. H. Hicks; Isle Royale,
Dr. A. B. Lyons; L. Superior, common, Whitney Cat.; Cove L; L. Huron, Austin. N. &
U. P.
BLEPHARIGLOTTIS Ra.f. Habenaria Willd., in part.
723. B. blephariglottis (Willd.) 0. A. Farwell. White-fringed Orchis. Habenaria
blephdrialnttis (Willd.) Torr. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Stanton. Rare. C. & S.
*724. B. ciliaris (L.) Rydb. Yellow-fringed Orchis. JJabenarla ciliaris (L.) R. Br.
Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; JNIacomb Co.; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Niles, I. N. Mitchell;
Algonac, W. S. Cooper; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Rare.
72.5. B. ciliaris x blephariglottis. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*720. B. lacera (Aiichx.) Rydb. Ragged Orchis. Habenaria laccra (Michx.) R. Br.
Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Woodward Lake; Flint; Macomb Co.; Manistee, F. P. Daniels;
north to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Infrequent. Th.
*727. B. leucophaea (Nutt.) O. A. Farwell. Prairie White-fringed Orchis. Habenaria
leiicopltaea (Nutt.) A. Gray. Belle Isle, Foerste; Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Pine Lake,
Ingliani Co.; Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.; Macomb Co.; Alma, C. A. Davis; Isle
lioyale, Foote; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Rare.
*728. B. psycodes (L.) Rydb. Smaller Purple- fringed Orchis. Habenaria psyeodes
(L.) A. Gray. Low grounds. Frequent. 'I'ii.
POGONIA Juss.
*729. P. ophioglossoides (L.) Ker. Snake-mouth. Bogs. Common. Th.
ISOTRIA Raf. Pogonia Juss., in part.
730. I. verticillata (^^'illd.) Raf. Pogonia verticillata (Willd.) Nutt. Alma, C. A.
Davis; Kalamazoo; Flint; Macomb Co. Rare.
TRIPHORA Nutt. Pogonia Juss., in part.
731. T. trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. Nodding Pogonia. pof/oiiia pnidiila Lindl. Dr.
Wright; Calvin, Cass Co., I. N. Mitchell; Alma, C. A. Davis. Rare. S. W.
ARETHUSA Gronov.
*732. A. bulbosa L. Arethusa. In sphagnous sAvamps. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Ann
Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Alma, C. A. Davis; Hubbardston, and north-
ward. Rare. Th.
LIMODORUM L. Calopogon R. Br.
*733. L. tuberosum L. Grass-pink Colopogon. Calopofjon pnlchelltis R. Br. Bogs.
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Common. Th.
GYROSTACHYS Pers. Spiranthes L. C. Richard.
*734. G. cernua (L.) Kuntze. Nodding Ladies' Tresses. Spiranthes cernua Richard.
Sphagnous swamps. Frequent. Th.
735. G. gracilis (Bigel.) Kuntze. Slender Ladies' Tresses. Spiranthes gracilis Bige-
low. S. W., Wright's Cat.; Macomb Co.; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.; KaJamazoo,
Tuthill; Long Lake and Pine Plains, Cheboygan Co., B. & K. L. P.
736. G. plantaginea (Raf.) Britt. Wide-feaved Ladies' Tresses. Spiranthes latifoUa
Torr. Drummond's Island, common, and S. E., Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston; Flint; Ros-
common. Rare in L. P.
737. G. stricta Rydb. Hooded Ladies' Tresses. Not G. Roma nznffi ana as has been
supposed. Spiranthes Romanzoifiana Chamisso. Borders of Mud Lake, Northport. E. J.
Hill; St. Clair Co., A. V. Foerste; Grayling. G. H. Hicks; Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis;
Caribou Islet, Porter; northward to L. Superior. Infrequent southward. Th.
LISTERA R. Br.
738. L. convallarioides (Sw.) Torr. Round-lipped Tway blade. Not common. Whit-
ney Cat.; Isle Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons; abundant at Pictured Rocks, G. H. Hicks; Grand
9
66 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
Traverse Co.; Chebovgan Co., B & K. ; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. N. & U. P.
739. L. cordata '(L.) R. Br. Twayblade. Whitney Cat.; Isle Royale, Dr. A. B.
Lyons; Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; cedar swamps, Cheboy-
gan Co., B. & K. N. & U. P.
PERAMIUM Salisb. Goodyeba R. Br.
740. P. Menziesii (Lindl.) Morong. Menzies' Rattlesnake Plantain. Qoodyera
Menziesii Lindl. Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Boyne Falls, Northport and Frankfort, E. J.
Hill; Petoskey; Isle Royale and Traverse Bay, Dr. A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. Rare in Cheboygan Co., B. & K.
*741. P. pubescens (Willd.) MacM. Downy Rattlesnake Plantain. Goodyera
pubescens R. Br. Woods. Frequent. Th.
742. P. repens ophioides (Fernald) Heller. Lesser Rattlesnake Plantain. Qoodyera
repens R. Br. Bangor, Van Buren Co., Bailey ; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat. ; Roscommoa
Co., Dr. D. Cooley; Alma, C. A. Davis; Petoskey and northward. Infrequent. Th.
ACHROANTHES Raf. Micbostylis Nutt.
743. A. monophylla (L.) Greene. White Adder's -mouth. Microstylis monophylla
Lindl. Hubbardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; bogs near Long Lake and Black Lake, Che-
boygan Co., B. & K. Rare.
744. A. unifolia (Michx.) Raf. Green Adder's-mouth. Microstylis ophiofflossoides
Nutt. Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Hubbardston; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Lenawee
Co., F. G. Comstock. Rare.
LEPTORCHIS Thouars. Liparis L. C. Richard.
745. L. liliifolia (L.) Kuntze. Large Twayblade. Liparis liliifolia Richard. S. W.
Wright's Cat.
746. L. Loesellii (L.) MacM. Fen Orchis. Liparis Loeselii Richard. Ann Arbor.
Allmendinger Cat.; abundant in a tamarack swamp near Hubbardston; S. Haven, L. H.
Bailey; Flint; Macomb Co.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Sault de Ste. Marie, Porter;
Alma, C. A. Davis, Th.
CALYPSO Salisb.
747. C. borealis (L.) Cakes. Calypso. Forty-mile Point, Presque Isle Co., Winch.
Cat.; shores of Higgins Lake, Dr. D. Cooley; Mount Pleasant, E. F. Smith; Grayling,
G. H. Hicks; Frankfort, E. J. Parker; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Mackinac, Whit-
ney Cat.; L. Superior, J. Macoun. in Can. Cat.
TIPULARIA Nutt.
748. T. unifolia (Muhl.) B. S. P. Crane-fly Orchis. T. discolor Nutt. Coleman
Cat.; N. Mich., D. Cooley; eastern coast of L. Huron, J. Macoun. Our rarest orchid.
APLECTRUM Nutt.
*749. A. spicatum (Wallt.) B. S. P. Adam-and-Eve. Putty-root. A. Memale Nutt.
Rich woods. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Detroit, Gillman; Macomb Co.; Montcalm Co.;
Flint; Hubbardston; Grand Rapids, Coleman's Cat.; Niles, Mitchell; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A. Davis. Scarce.
CORALLORHIZA R. Br.
*750. C. Corallorhiza (L.) Karst. Early Coral-root. G. innata R. Br. S. E., Wright
Cat.; Park Lake, Clinton Co.; Harmon; Grayling; Frankfort; L. Superior; S. W., H. S.
Pepoon. Not rare. Whitney Cat. Th.
*751. C. multiflora Nutt. Large Coral-root. Hubbardston; S. W., Wright Cat.;
Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A. Davis; northward to Lake
Superior. Th.
752. C. odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt. Small-flowered Coral-root. Hubbardston; Flint;
Frankfort; Oscoda; northward to Lake Superior, Whitney Cat. Th.
753. C. striata Lindl. Striped Coral-root. Frankfort; Comins, Oscoda Co.; abun-
dant at Mackinac; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Becoming
Bcarce, N. & U. P.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 67
SAURURACEiE LincU. Lizard's-tail Family.
SAURURUS L.
*75'2. S. cernuus L. Lizard's-tail. Swamps, river-sides. Common. C. & S.
JUGLANDACEiE Lindl. Walnut Family.
JUGLANS L.
*753. J. cinerea L. Butternut. Low rich woods.
•754. J. nigra L. Black Walnut. Becoming scarce from Bay City south. C. & S.
HICORIA Eaf. Carya Nutt.
*755. H. alba (L.) Britton. Mocker-nut. Carya tommtosa Nutt. Dry Woods.
Flint; Grand Rapids, Coleman's Cat.; Three Rivers; Cassopolis, C. F. Wheeler; Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis. Rare. C. & S.
75G. H. borealis Ashe. Northern Hickory. Belle Isle, Detroit, 0. A. Farwell;
Rochester. W. A. Brotherton, and probably elsewhere.
757. H. glabra (Mill.) Britton. Pig-nut Hickory. Carya porcina Nutt. Woods.
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
758. H. laciniosa (IMichx. f.) Sarg. King-nut. Carya sulcata Nutt. Monroe Co.,
White Pigeon, W. J. B. ; Teconsha, G. W^ Davis; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. River bot-
toms. Rare, except in the extreme south.
759. H. microcarpa (Nutt.) Britton. Small-fruited Hickory. Carya vdcrocarpa
Nutt. Ann Arbor; Cassopolis; Three Rivers. S.
*760. H. minima (IMarsh.) Britton. Bitter-nut. Carya amara Nutt. Common.
C. & S.
*761. H. ovata (Mill.) Britton. Shag-bark. C. & S. Carya alba Nutt. Common.
C. & S.
762. H. villosa (Sargent) Ashe. Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
MYRICACEiE Dumort. Sweet-Gale Family.
MYRICA L.
763. M. cerifera L. Bayberry. Wax-myrtle. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Wayne Co.,
C. A. Davis.
764. M. Gale L. Sweet Gale. Swamp near Crooked Lake, Emmet Co.; Harrisville;
Manistee, E. J. Hill; Isle Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons; Roscommon, C. A. Davis. N. & U. P.
COMPTONIA Banks.
764. C. peregrina (L.) Coulter. Sweet-fern. Myrica asplcni folia L. South, Wr.
Cat.; Detroit, Dr. A. B. Lyons; Alma, C. A. Davis. Very common in the center of the
State and northward throughout the pine country, of which it is a chracteristic
species.
SALICACE^ Lindl. Willow Family.
POPULUS L.
*765. P. alba L. WHiite Poplar. Abele. Occasionally escaped from cultivation.
*766. P. balsamifera L. Balsam Poplar. River banks. A small tree in Michigan.
Northward. Th.
766a. P. candicans Ait. Balm of Gilead. P. balsamifera caudicans A. Gray. Cul-
tivated, occasional. Indigenous northward.
*768. P. deltoides Marsh. Cottonwood. P. monilifera Ait. Sometimes a large tree,
three feet in diameter. Infrequent. Collected by the Forestry Commission, June, 1888,
in Alcona Co. L. P.
*769. P. dilatata Ait. Lombard}' Poplar. Occasionally escaped from cultivation.
*770. P. grandidentata Michx. Large-toothed Aspen. Woods. Common northward,
but "rare in U. P." Whitney Cat.; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
68 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
771. P. heterophylla L. Swamp or Do\\Tiy Poplar. Cass Co., J. H. Roy.
*772. P, tremuloides IMichx. American Aspen. Woods and lake shores; most abun-
dant in U. P., ^^'hitney. Common. Th.
SALIX L.
773. S. adenophylla Hook. Tomentose Willow. Beach sand. Lake IMichigan, and
northward. Petoskey; St. Jo., Dr. Wright in Torr. Herb., Bebb. Hooker's original speci-
mens came from Labrador.
*774. S. alba vitellina (L.) Koch. Golden Willow. Naturalized from Europe.
*755. S. amygdaloides Anders. Peach-leaved Willow. Flint, Dr. D. Clark; Hub-
bardston: Harrisville; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell. Th.
776. S. balsamifera (Hook.) Barratt. Balsam Willow. Flint, Dr. D. Clark; Kewee-
naw Co., O. A. Farwell; near Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
777. S. balsamifera lanceolata Bebb. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
778. S. balsamifera vegeta Bebb. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*779. S. Bebbiana Sarg. Bebbs' Willow. S. rostrata Richardson. ^Moist or dry
ground. Common. Th.
779a. S. Babbiana x petiolaris No. 37 Bebb. Herb. Salicum. Flint, Dr. D. Clark.
*7S0. S. Candida Fluegge. Hoary WilloAv. Usually in tamarack swamps. Rare in
S. part of the State. Common northward. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Th.
781. S. Candida x cordata Bebb. Flint. Dr. D. Clark; Hubbardston, C. F. ^Vlieeler.
*7S2. S. cordata I\luhl. Heart-leaved A^TIlow. Along streams. Narrow-leaved forms
occur in the central and southern parts of the State; at Petoskey, broadly ovate-heart-
shaped leaved forms occur. Common. Th.
783. S. cordata angustata (Pursh.) Anders. Ypsilanti, Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
''784. S. cordata x sericea Bebb. L. H. Bailey; Flint, Dr. D. Clark.
*785. S. discolor Muhl. Glaucous Willow. River banks. Common.
786. S. eriocephala Michx. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. 8. discolor eriocephala
Anders.
789. S. fragilis L. Brittle Willow. Planted in cities and villages. Birmingham, S.
Alexander.
*790. S. fragilis x alba Wimmer. Coleman's Catalogue; Palmer's Cat.
*79L S. glaucophylla Bebb. Broad-leaved Willow. Hubbardston; Petoskey, frequent
along the shores of Little Traverse Bay, and shores of the Great Lakes. Rare in the
interior. Th.
792. S. glaucophylla angustifolia Bebb. Sturgeon Point, Alcona Co.
793. S. glaucophylla brevifolia Bebb. Shores of Little Traverse Bay, C. F. "\^Tieeler.
*794. S. himiilis ^larshall. Prairie Willow. Common northward to Marquette Co.,
Burt MS. Cat. A very broad-leaved form with the young leaves round obovate to
nearly round, collected by O. A. Farwell, Keweenaw Co.; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*79.5. S. humilis x discolor Bebb. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
7n.5a. S. interior Rowlce. Wet places. Common. Th.
796. S. interior Wheeleri Rowlee. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Belle Isle, 0. A. Far-
well.
*797. S. lucida Muhl. Shining Willow. Along streams. Variable. Common. Th.
*798. S. myrtilloides L. IMyrtle Willow. Sphagnous swamps. S. E., Winch. Cat.;
Ionia to L. Superior. Frequent. Th.
799. S. myrtilloides pedicellaris Anders. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*800. S. nigra Marshall. Black Willow. Along streams; a small tree. Th.
801. S. nigra falcata (Pursh.) Torr. Bay Citv and vicinity, G. M. Bradford.
*802. S. petiolaris J. L. Smith. Petioled' Willow. With the last. From Sault de
Ste. Marie southward. Ionia Co. Frequent. Th.
803. S. petiolaris gracilis Anders. Slender Willow. S. western part of the State.
804. S. petiolaris x Candida Bebb. Herb Salicum, No. 30. Originally from lias-
call's swamp, near Flint, jMicii., where it was discovered by Daniel Clarke, I\l. D., in
1872— the locality being soon after obliterated. Should it be deemed advisable here-
after to treat supposed hybrids as quasi-species, after the manner of Anderson, Kerner
and others, I very much wish that this beautiful willow should be called S. Claa-kei,
to commemorate the name of a botanist who has done more than any other to give
an impetus to the study of hybrid willows in this country, M. S. Bebb, 1880. Swamp
near Hubbardston, Ionia Co., C. F. Wlieeler.
*80.5. S. proinoides Pursh. ,S\ discolor prinoidcs (Pursh.) Anders. Common.
*806. S. sericea Maashall. Silky-Willow. Drummond's Is., Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co.,
and southward to S. Haven. L. II. Bailey; shore of Black Lake, Cheboygan Co. Very
common in central part of the State; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 69
807. S. sericea x Candida Bebb., forma denudata Bebb. Herb. Salicum; Flint, Dr.
Clark.
808. S. sericea x Candida Bebb. Herb. Salicum, No. 32. Flint. Dr. D. Clark; Hub-
bardston, C. F. Wheeler.
809. S. tristis Ait. Dwarf Gray Willow. Alcona Co.; Barron Lake, Cass Co.; Mon-
roe Co. Lifrequcnt.
•*810. S. viminalis L. Basket Osier. Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.; S. Haven, L. H.
Bailey.
BETULACEiE Agardli. Birch Family.
CARPINUS L.
*sn. C. Caroliniana Waller American Hornbeam. Blue or Water Beech. Along
streams. Th.
OSTRYA Scop.
*812. 0. Virginica (Mill.) Willd. American Hop-Hornbeam. Lever-wood. Rich
woods. Common. Th.
CORYLUS L.
*813. C. Americana Walt. Wild Hazel-nut. Thickets. Common. Th.
814. C. rostrata Ait. Beaked Hazel-nut. Hubbardston; and common northward.
St. Clair Co.,.C. K. Dodge; Alma, C. A. Davis.
BETULA L.
815. B. glandulosa Michx. Dwarf Birch. Burt's MS. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. U. P.
•BIG. B. lenta L. Cherry Birch. Sweet or Black Birch. Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.;
S. Haven, L. H. Bailej'; Lenawee Co., W. J. B. ; Hubbardston; Flint and northward to
L. Superior. Rare in the south, but attains a "monstrous size" on Drummond's Island,
Winch. Cat. Th.
817. B. lutea ^lichx. f. Yellow or Gray Birch. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; S. Haven,
L. H. Bailey, to L. Superior. Common along the line of the F. & P. M. R. R. and north-
ward to the Traverse country; a large tree south of the Grand-Saginaw valley; Alma,
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*818. B. papyrifera Marshall. Paper or Canoe Birch. White Birch. Extends south-
ward to Lansing and perhaps further. Frequent at Crystal Lake, Montcalm Co., as a
small tree.
*819. B. pumila L. Low Birch. Swamps. Variable. Frequent. Th.
ALNUS Gaertn.
820. A, Alnobetula (Ehrh.) K. Koch. Green Alder. A. viridis DC. "Dry rocky land,"
Whitney's Cat.; Isle Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons; high hills, Escanaba, E. J. Hill; Kewee-
naw Co., O. A. Farwell. Common. U. P.
*821. A. incana (L.) Willd. Speckled or Hoary Alder. Borders of streams. The
prevailing alder in center of the State and in U. P. Common.
822. A. rugosa (DuRoi) K. Koch. Smooth Alder. A. serrulata Willd. Smooth
Alder. Macomb Co.; Traverse City and S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Burt's MS. Cat. Rare
or local.
FAGACEiE Drude. Beech Family.
FAGUS L.
*823. F. Americana Sweet. American Beech. F. feiTuginea Ait. Common in L. P.,
but rare in U. P. Occurs at Mackinac and Pictured Rocks; St. Mary's River, ^lacoun.
Th.
CASTANEA Adans.
824. C. dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. American Chestnut. C. sativa Americana S.
Wats. Occurs abundantly along an outcrop of Heiderbcrg limestone in E. Monroe
Co. and Wayne Co., C. F. Wheeler; Ann Arbor, Dr. Steere; Detroit River to Lake St.
Clair, Macoun, in Can. Cat.; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. S. E.
70
MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
QUERCUS L.
*825. Q. acuminata (Michx.) Houda. Chestnut or Yellow Oak. Q. MuMenhergii
Engelm. Rich woods. A medium sized tree. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
*826. Q. alba L. White Oak. Rich woods. Rare in U. P., Menominee Co., Burt.
MS. Cat. Common. Th.
827. Q. Alexanderi Britton. Alexander's Oak. Birmingham, Oakland Co. S. Alex-
ander; Addison, Lenawee Co., O. C. McLouth. Moist land adapted to swamp white
oak, bitternut and American Elm.
828. Q. borealis Michx. Gray Oak. Q. rubra horeaUs (Michx.) 0. A. Farwell,
similar to Red Oak. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Referred by Elgelmann to Q.
rubra L.
*829. Q. coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak. Frequent. L. P.
830. Q. coccinea x palustris Hill. Detroit, O. A. Farwell. Frequent.
831. Q. ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill. Hill's Oak. A tall tree on moist sandy land. West
of Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
832. Q. imbricaria Michx. Laurel or Shingle Oak. Barrens, Galesburg, H. Dale
Adams; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; S. Mich., Dr. Wright. Rare.
833. Q. Leana Nutt. Q. imhricaria w velutina Jackson, S. H. Camp; Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
*834. Q. macrocarpa Michx. Burr Oak. Over-cup or Mossy-cup Oak. Rich soil.
Common. A form of this oak occurs in Cheboygan Co., B. & K. Lower falls of Menom-
inee River, the farthest north of any station in the State, C. F. Wheeler. Th.
835. Q. palustris DuRoi. Swamp, Spanish, or Pin Oak. Only seen in the S. por-
tion of the State; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Belle Isle; Monroe Co.; Jackson, Mar-
shall, W. J. B.; Algonac, W. S. Cooper; Ypsilanti, C. A. Davis.
*836. Q. platanoides (Lam.) Sudw. Swamp White Oak. Q. bicolor Willd. Low
.ground. A large tree. Common. C. & S.
837. Q. prinoides Willd. Dwarf Chestnut Oak. A low shrub or small tree. Macomb
Co.; Barron Lake, Cass Co.; Brighton, Dr. J. B. Steere; Hubbardston; Muir; Gratiot
Co., Washtenaw Co., C. A. Davis. Infrequent. C. & S.
*838. Q. rubra L. Red Oak. In the C. & S., a large tree.
839. Q. Schneckii Britton. Schneck's Red Oak. Q. Texana Sargent. Texas Oak.
Wet woods, east of Ypsilanti, C. A. Davis.
*840. Q. velutina Lam. Black Oak. L. P. Q. coccinea tinctoria A. Gray. This
species and Q. coccinea occur together in the C, and are seldom large — usually 40-50 ft.,
and 12-15 inches in diameter.
ULMACE^ Mirbel. Elm Family.
ULMUS L.
*841. U. Americana L. White or American Elm. Low grounds. Common. Th.
*842. U. fulva Michx. Slippery or Red Elm. Rich soil. Frequent. Th.
*843. U. racemosa Thomas. Cork or Rock Elm. River banks. Frequent. Th.
CELTIS L.
*844. C. occidentalis L. Hackberry. Sugarberry. River banks. Frequent. C. & S.
HORACE.^ Li lull. Mulberry Family.
MORUS L.
845. M. alba L. White Mulberry. YpsilaJiti, 0. A. Farwell; Birmingham, S.
Alexander.
*846. M. rubra L. Red Mulberry. A small tree on river bottoms. Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis. C. & S.
HUMULUS L.
847. H. Lupulus L. Common Hop. Banks of streams. Frequent northward. Th.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 71
CANNABIS L.
•848. C. sativa L. Hemp. Waste places. Frequent.
URTICACE^ Reichenb. Nettle Family.
URTICA L.
849. U. dioica L. Great Nettle. Waste places. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Manistee,
F. P. Daniels. Occasional.
•850. U. gracilis Ait. Slender Nettle. Moist ground. Common. Th.
URTICASTRUM Fabr. Laportea Gaud.
*851. U. divaricatum (L.) Kuntze. Wood Nettle. Laportea Canadeyms Gaud. Thick
woods along streams. Common. C. & S.
ADICEA Raf. Ph-ea Lindl.
852. A. pumila (L.) Raf. Richweed. Pilea pumila A. Gray. Low woods. Com-
mon. C. & S.
BOEHMERIA Jacq.
•623. B. cylindrica (L.) Willd. False Nettle. Moist ground. Common. C. & S.
LORANTHACE.E D. Don. Mistletoe Family.
RAZOUMOFSKYA Hoffm.
854. R. pusilla (Peck) Kuntze. Small Mistletoe. ArceuthoMum pusillum Peck.
Chatham, C. F. Wheeler; Turin, B. Barlow; south of Cadillac, C. A. Davis. Parasitic
on spruces distorting the branches.
SANTALACEiE R. Br. Sandalwood Family.
COMANDRA Nutt.
855. C. livida A. DC. Northern Comandra. "Sandy shores, L. Superior," A.
Gray; Traverse City, Dr. A. B. Lyons; Isle Royale, Whitney Cat.; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwcll. U. P.
"856. C. umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toad-flax. Dry ground. Indifferently para-
sitic on roots. Common. Th.
ARISTOLOCHIACE^ Blume. Birthwort Family.
ASARUM L.
•857. A. acuminatum (Ashe.) Bicknell. Long-tipped Wild Ginger. Agricultural
College, C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Alma, W. S. Cooper.
•858. A. Canadense L. Wild Ginger. Moist woods. Common.
•859. A. reflexum Bicknell. Short-lobed Wild Ginger. Muskegon, C. D. McLouth;
Saginaw, W. S. Cooper; Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
860. A. reflexum ambiguum Bicknell. Keweenaw Co., 0, A. Farwell.
ARISTOLOCHIA L.
861. A. Serpentaria L. Virginia Snakeroot. JIanistee, F. P. Daniels; Detroit,
O. A. Farwell. Rare.
72 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
POLYGONACEiE Lindl. Buckwheat Family.
RUMEX L.
862. R. Acetosa L. Sorrel Dock. Very abundant at Point-aux-Pins, above Sault
de Ste. IMarie, Macoun; N. shore of Lake Superior, Pitcher, Trelease's Revision of
Rumex; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*86.3. R. Acetosella L. Field or Sheep Sorrel. Sterile fields. Common. Th.
*SG4. R. altissimus Wood. Pale Dock. Sault de Ste. Marie, Winch. Cat.; Ionia;
near Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Apparently introduced at the College. Rare.
*865. R. Britannica L. Great Water-dock. Wet places. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis;
Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; and northward. Frequent.
*866. R. crispus L. Curled Dock. Narro^y Dock. Eveiywhere in fields. Th.
86Ga. R. obtusifolius L. Broad-leaved Dock. Th.
*867. R. obusifolius x crispus Trelease. North Manitou Isle., Mrs. Wislizenus.
Trelease, Revision of Rumex.
*868. R. Patientia L. Patience Dock. Adventitious at Portland, C. F. Wheeler.
SG9. R. salicifolius Weinm. ^^^lite Dock. Shore of Little Traverse Bay, and north-
ward. Scarce. N. & U. P. •
870. R. sanguineus L. Red-veined Dock. Introduced from Europe.
*871. R. verticUlatus L. Swamp Dock. River banks. Frequent. L. P.
FAGOPYRUM Gaertn.
*872. F. Fagopyrum (L.) Karst. Buckwheat. F. esculentum Moench. Persistent
in fields.
POLYGONUM L.
*873. P. amphibium L. Water Persicaria. Borders of ponds. Frequent. Th.
874. P. arifolium L. Halberd-leaved Tear-thumb. Low grounds. South Haven,
L. H. Bailey; Gros. Cap, L. Mich. Winch. Cat.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; S. Mich.,
Wright Cat. Infrequent. L. P.
*875. P. aviculare L. Knot-grass. The commonest of weeds. Th.
876. P. Careyi Olney. Carey's Persicaria. Fort Gratiot. Dr. Z. Pitcher.
877. P. cilinode Michx. Fringed Black Bindweed. Copses. S. Haven, L. H. Bailey;
Huron and Pioscommon counties, C. A. Davis. Common northward. Th.
*878. P. Convolvulus L. Black Bindweed. Waste grounds. Common. Th.
*879. P, dumetorun L. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*8S0. P. emersum (]\Iichx.) Britton. Swamp Persicaria. P. Muhlenbergii S. Wats.
East shore of Lake Huron, J. Macoun; Ionia Co.; Flint; Grand Rapids; Indian River;
Black Lake; Cheboygan Co.; Alma, Aim Arbor; C. A. Davis; S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
*881. P. erectum L. Erect Knot grass. Waste places. Common.
*882. P. Hartwrightii A. Gray. Hart Wright's Persicaria. Kalamazoo, Tuthill;
Indian River; Black Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. and K.; Lenawee Co., W. J. B.; Kewee-
naw Co., O. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*883. P. Hydropiper L. Common Smartweed or Water-pepper. Moist grounds.
Common. Th.
*884. P. hydropiperoides JMichx. Mild Water-pepper. Wet places. Common. C. & S.
885. P. hydropiperoides Macouni Small. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*886. P. incarnatum Ell. Slender Pink Persicaria. Frequent.
*887. P. lapathifolium L. Dock-leaved Persicaria. River banks. Ionia Co.; Grand
Rapids, Coleman Cat; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Frequent.
888. P. lapathifolium incanum (Shmidt.) Koch. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; L.
Superior, O. B. ^Vhet•ler. Th.
889. P. lapathifolium nodosum (Pers.) Small. Escanaba, C. F. Wheeler; Detroit,
0. A. Farwell.
*890. P. littorale Link. Shore Knotweed. Frequent. Th.
*891. P. orientale L. Piince's Feather. Sparingly escaped from gardens.
*892. P. Pennsylvanicum L. Pennsylvania Persicaria. Low grounds. Ionia Co.;
Clinton Co.; Flint; S. Mich., Wright Cat. Frequent. C. & S.
*893. P. Persicaria L. Lady's Thumb. Waste places. Common. Th.
•894. P. punctatum Ell. Water Smartweed. P. acre H. B. K. Wet places. Ann.
Arbor; Ionia Co.; Maekinac, Winch. Cat.; Flint. Frequent. L. P.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 73
895. P. ramosissium Wiclix. Bushy Knotweed. Les Cheneaux Islands, Coryell;
Alpena, C. F. Whoeler.
896. P. Rayi I'.abinf!^. Ray's Knotweed. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell. Frequent.
•897. P. sagittatum L. Anow-leaved Tear-thumb. Low grounds. Frequent. Th.
*89S. P. scandens L. Climbing False Buckwheat. P. dumctorum scandens A. Gray.
Moist thickets. Fre(|Uont. Th.
*899. P. tenue Miciix. Slender Knot-grass. Sterile soil. S. Mich., Wright Cat.;
common in Ionia Co.; Macomb Co., and northward.
*900. P. Virginianum L. Virginia Knotweed. Thickets. Common. C. & S.
901. P. viviparum L. Alpine Bistort. Shore of L. Superior, A. Gray; Isle Royale,
Whitney Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Common.
POLYGONELLA Jlichx.
902. P. articulata (L) Meisn. Coast Jointwecd. Traverse City, Winch. Cat.; L.
Superior, Whitney Cat.; Oscoda; Black Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Indian River,
C. F. Wheeler; Harrison, W. J. B.; Crawford Co., O. Palmer; shores of Cable Lake,
Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon. N. & U. P.
CHENOPODIACEiE Duinort. Goosefoot Family.
CHENOPODIUM L.
*903. C. album L. Lamb's quarters. Pigweed. Waste and cultivated ground. Com-
mon. Th.
*904. C. album viride (L.) Moq. Keweenaw Co., Detroit, Ypsilanti, 0. A. Farwell.
*905. C. ambrosioides L. Mexican Tea. Waste places. iMacomb Co.; Detroit; Ann
Arbor, Miss Clark; S. W., Wright. Cat. Scarce. S.
906. C. anthelminticum L. Wormseed. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Port Huron, C. E^
Dodge.
907. C. Bonus-Henricus L. Good King Henry. Flint, Dr. Clark. Infrequent.
*90S. C. Botrys L. Jerusalem Oak. Feather Geranium. Escaped from gardens.
Abundant at Indian River, C. F. Wheeler; Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Port Crescent, C. A.
Davis.
*909. C. glaucum L. Oak-leaved Goosefoot. Detroit and Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well; Alma, C. A. Davis.
*910. C. hybridum L. Maple-leaved Goosefoot. Waste grounds. Common. Th.
911. C. leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. Narrow-leaved Goosefoot. Bay City, Charle-
voix, C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
912. C. murale L. Nettle-leaved Goosefoot. Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.; Ypsi-
lanti and Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
913. C. rubrum L. Red Goosefoot. Grand Rapids, H. C. Skeels; Bay City, G. M.
Bradford.
*914. C. urbicum L. Upright Goosefoot. Waste gi'ounds. Ionia Co.; Flint; Grand
Rapids, Coleman Cat.; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. S.
BLITUM L. ~
*915. B. capitatum L. Strawberry Blite. Chenopodium capitatum Aschers. Rich
shady giound. Coiiunon. Th.
CYCLOLOMA Moquin.
*916. C. atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coulter. Winged Pigweed. C. platypTiyllum Moq.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
ATRIPLEX L.
*917. A. hastata L. Halberd-leaved Orache. A. patulum hastatum A. Gray. Com-
mon at Detroit, Dr. A. B. Lyons ; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
918. A. patula L. Spreading Orache. A. llttoralis (L.) Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; along
the Great Lakes.
10
74 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
CORISPERMUM L.
919. C. hyssopifolium L. Bug-seed. Frankfort, C. A. Davis; Detroit, O. A. Far-
well; S. Haven, L. H. Bailey; and northward to L. Superior, along the shores of the
Great Lakes.
SALSOLA L.
920. S. Tragus L. Russian Thistle. 8. Kali Tragus Moq. Well scattered over
the State.
AMARANTHACE^ J. St. Hil. Amaranth Family.
AMARANTHUS L.
*921. A. blitoides S. Wats. Prostrate Amaranth. Lately introduced from the west,
spreading rapidly along railroad tracks.
*922. A. graecizans L. Tumble-weed. A. alius L. Fields and gardens. Frequent.
Th.
923. A. hybridus L. Slender Pigweed. A. hypochondriacus L. A. chlorostachys
Wilid. Scarcely escaped from gardens. Ann Arbor, Miss Clark; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*924. A. retroflexus L. Rough Pigweed. A common weed in gardens. Th.
925. A. spinosus L. Spiny Amaranth. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
ACNIDA L.
*926. A. tamariscina concatenata (Moq.) Uline & Bray. Frequent in Grand River
Valley; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*927. A. tamariscina tuberculata (Moq.) Uline & Bray. Low grounds. S. Mich.,
Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co.; Macomb Co. Frequent. C. & S.
PHYTOLACCACEiE Lindl. Pokeweed Family.
PHYTOLACCA L.
*928. P. decandra L. Garget. Poke. Scoke. Pigeon-berry. Fields. Frequent. C.
& S.
NYCTAGINACE^ Lindl. Four-o'clock Family.
♦ ALLIONIA Loefl. Oxyphabus L'Her.
929. A. hirsuta Pursh. Hairy Umbrella-wort. Oxybaphus albidus Choisy. Grand
Rapids, C. W. Follass.
*930. A. nyctaginea Michx. Heart-leaved Umbrella-wort. Oxybaphus nyctagineus
Sweet. Richmond, W. A. Brotherton.
AIZOACE^ A. Br. Carpet-weed Family.
MOLLUGO L.
*931. M. verticillata L. Carpet-weed. Roadsides and sandy fields. Common. C. & S.
PORTULACACE.S Eeiclienb. Purslane Family.
CLAYTONIA L.
932. C. Caroliniana Michx. Carolina Spring-beauty. Only found in the northern
part of the State. Frankfort, E. J. Parker; Mackinac, July, 1888, G. H. Hicks;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Alpena, C. A. Davis.
*933. C. Virginica L. Spring- beauty. An early and very pretty spring flower. Com-
mon. Th.
PORTULACA L.
934. P. grandiflora Hook. Garden Portulaca. Ypsilanti, Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*935. P. oleracea L. Purslane. Pussley. Very tenacious of life — a vile weed in
gardens. Very common.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 75
CARYOPHYLLACEiE E«ich. Pink Family.
AGROSTEMMA L.
*936. A. Githago L. Corn Cockle. Lychnis Githago Scop. In wheat fields, but
easily eradicated by sowing clean seed-wheat. Common.
SILENE L.
*937. S. antirrhina L. Sleepy Catchfly. Common.
938. S. Armaria L. Sweet William Catchfly. Baldwin, W. J. B.; Ypsilanti, 0. A.
Farwell.
*939. S. noctiflora L. Night-flowering Catchfly. Frequent in cultivated grounds. Th.
940. S. stellata (L.) Aiton. Starry Campion. Dr. Wright; Constantine, C. F.
Wheeler. S.
941. S. Virginica L. Fire Pink. Catchfly. Winchell Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. Open woods. Lake Huron, Todd; islands in Detroit River. Maclagan, Can-
adian Catalogue. Th.
942. S. vulgaris (Moench.) Garcke. Bladder Campion. S. Cucubalus Wibel. Port
Huron, C. K. Dodge; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
LYNCHNIS L.
944. L. alba Mill. Evening Lynchnis. White Campion. L. vespertina Sibth. L. P.
Kather common.
*945. L. Coronaria (L.) Desr. Mullein Pink. Keweenaw Co.; Grand Traverse, A. B.
Lyons; Alma, C. A. Davis.
GYPSOPHILA L.
946. G. muralis L. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
SAPONARIA L.
*947. S. oflScinalis L. Bouncing Bet. Soapwort. Waste places and roadsides. Old
Mission, E. J. Hill; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
VACCARIA Medic. Saponakia L., in part.
*948. V. Vaccaria (L.) Britton. Cow-Herb. Saponaria Vaccaria L. Muir; S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Faxwell; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. Sparingly in-
troduced. Th.
DIANTHUS L.
949. D. Armeria L. Deptford Pink. Midland, E. P. Rice; Rochester, W. A. Broth-
erton; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
.950. D. barbatus L. Sweet William. Keweenaw Co., O. A Farwell; Manistee, F. P.
Daniels; St. Clair, C. K. Dodge.
951. D. deltoides L. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
ALSINE L. Stellabia L.
952. A. borealis (Bigel.) Britton. Northern Stitchwort. Stellaria borealis Bigelow.
Point au Barques, L. Huron, and Isle aux Train, Gillman; also, Gray in Manual, and
Can. Cat. ; Isle lloyale, A. E.' Foote. Infrequent. U. P.
953. A. borealis alpestris (Fries.) Britton. Stellaria borealis alpestris A. Gray.
Alpena, Escanaba, Marquette, C. F. Wheeler.
954. A. crassifolia (Khrh.) Britton. Fleshy Stitchwort. Stellaria crassifolia 'Ehrh.
Dr. Lyons; Carson City, C. F. Wheeler. Rare.
*955. A. graminea (L.) Britton. Lesser Starwort. Stellaria fframminea L. Low
ground. Common. Th.
955a. A. longifolia (Muhl.) Britton. Long-leaved Stitchwort. Low grounds. Com-
mon. Th.
950. A. longipes (Goldie) Coville. Stellaria longipes Goldie. Long-stalked Stitch-
wort. Gros Cap, L. Mich., abundant in pure sand, Winch. Cat.; Lake Superior, Dr.
A. B. Lyons. Rare. N. & U. P.
76 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
957. A. media L. Common Chickweed. Stellaria media Cyr. Gardens and fields.
A very abundant and hardy little weed. Th,
958. A. uliginosa (JMurr.) Britton. Bog Starwort. Stellaria uUginosa Murr. Dr.
Lyons. Infrequent. U. P.
CERASTIUM L.
959. C. arvense L. Field Chickweed. Lake Superior, Can. Cat.; IMackinac, G. H.
Hicks. Infrequent. Th.
960. C. arvense oblongifolium (Torr.) Holl. & Britt. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; wet
woods close to Ambers tburgh, Ont., Macoun; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
961. C. longipedunculatum IMuhl. Nodding Chickweed. C. nutans Raf. Macomb
Co.; Flint; Lyons; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Found on low giounds from Louisiana to
Hudson's Bay. Rare.
962. C. semidecandrum L. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
963. C. viscosum L. Larger Mouse-ear. Th. Not common.
*964. C. vulgatum L. Mouse-ear Chickweed. Common. Th.
SAGINA L.
965. S. nodosa (L.) Fenzl. Knotted Pearlwort. L. Superior and northward A.
Gray; Isle Roy ale, Whitney's Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Isle Royale, F. E.
Wood. U. P.
966. S. procumbens L. Procumbent Pearlworti Champion, Mich., E. J. Hill.
ARENARIA L. Alsine Wahl.
*967. A. serpyllifolia L. Thyme-leaved Sandwort. Alsine serpyllifoUa L. Sandy
fields. Common. Th.
967a. A. serpyllifolia tenuior Roch. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. ,
968. A. striata Michx. Rock Sandwort. Alsine Michauxii Hook, f. S. Michigan,
Wright Cat.; Macomb Co.; Montcalm Co.; L. Sup., Can. Cat.; Constantine; Three
Rivers; Alcona Co.; Crystal Lake, Benzie Co. Th.
MOEHRINGIA L. Akenakia L., in part.
*969. M. lateriflora (L.) Fenzl. Arenar'm lateriflora L. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
970. M. macrophylla (Hook.) Torr. Lake Superior, Britton & Brown. Arenaria
macrophylla Hook.
SPERGULA L.
971. S. arvensis L. Corn Spurrey. Dr. Wright; Dr. Clark; Alma, C. A. Davis.
Introduced from Europe.
TISSA Adans. Buda Adans. Spergiilaria Pers., in part.
972. T. rubra (L.) Britton. Purple Sandwort. Spergularia rubra Presl. Litch-
field, W. T. Wallace; Rochester, W. A. Brotherton.
ANYCHIA Michx.
973. A. Canadensis (L.) B. S. P. Norvell, C. F. Wheeler; Jonesville, W. T. Wallace.
974. A. dichotoma Michx. S. Mich., Dr. Wright; Ann Aibor; Watkins Sta., Dr.
A. B. Lyons.
SCLERANTHUS L.
*975. S annuus L. Knawel. Naturalized on the Agricultural College grounds; Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis.
NYMPHAEACEiE DC. Water Lily Family.
BRASENIA Schreber.
*976. B. purpurea (Michx.) Casp. Water-shield. B. peltata Pursh. Greenville;
Ionia; Ann Arbor; Fife Lake; Oscoda; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; St. Clair, W. S. Cooper;
Alma, C. A. Davis; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Infrequent. L. P.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 77
NYMPHAEA L. Nuphar Sibth. & Smitli.
•977. N. advena Soland. Large Yellow Pond Lily. Nuphar advena II. Br. In
company with water-lilies, but often a dirty plant scoiiiing to delight in filUi. Com-
mon. Th.
978. N. advena minor Morong. Long Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K. ; Baldwin,
W. J. B.
979. N. Kalmiana (Michx.) Sims. Small Yellow Pond-Lily. Nuphar Kalmiamim
R. Br. "Sag. Bay & S. \V.," Winch. Cat.; S. tier of counties, Wright's Cat.; N. shore
of Lake Superior, Agassiz. Rare.
CASTALIA Salisb.
980. C. odorata (Dryand.) Woodv. & Wood. Sweet-scented Water-Lily. Nymphaea
odarata Dryand. Petoskey, E. J. Hill; Vestaburg, C. A. Davis. A form with pink
flowers is found in Otsouo Lake, Otsego County. Infrequent.
*981. C. tuberosa (Paine) Greene. Tuberous White Water-Lily. Nymphaea
tubcrosa Paine. In all our ponds and slow streams. Flowers large and delicately
beautiful, fragrant. Th.
NELUMBO Adans.
982. N. lutea (Willd.) Pers. Yellow Nelumbo. Water Chinquapin. Lotus. River
Rouge, south of Detroit; Mill pond. Vicksburg, Tuthill; River Raisin at JNIonroe, where
it is abundant. Perhaps introduced by the Indians. Local.
CERATOPHYLLACEiE A. Gray. Horn wort Family.
CERATOPHYLLUM L.
*983. C. demersum L. Hornwort. Ponds. Fruit in August. Common. Th.
MAGNOLIACE^ J. St. Hil. Magnolia Family.
LIRIODENDRON L.
*984. L. Tulipifera L. Tulip-tree. Whitewood. A large sized tree, frequent at
Ionia, Saranac, Lansing and southward, but not seen north of Grand River Valley.
Formerly common but becoming infrequent.
ANONACEiE DC. Custard-apple Family.
ASIMINA Adans.
*985. A. triloba (L.) Dunal. Common Papaw. A low tree, fruit edible. Frequent
in the valleys of the Grand and Maple Rivers, whence it probably reaches its northern
limit. Common southward. C. & S.
RANUNCULACEiE Juss. Crowfoot Family.
HYDRASTIS Ellis.
*986. H. Canadensis L. Golden Seal. Yellow Puccoon. Rich, moist woods. Rather
local. C. & S.
CALTHA L.
*987. C. palustris L. Marsh Marigold. In swamps. Frequently called "Cowslip."
Very common. Th.
TROLLIUS L.
988. T. laxus Salisb. American Globe Mower. Linden, A. W. Chase.
78 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
COPTIS Salisb.
*989. C. trifolia (L.) Salisb. Three-leaved Goldthread. Bogs and coniferous woods.
Common. Th.
ISOPYRUM L.
*990. I. bitematum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray. False Rue Anemone. Very common on
"beech and maple" land, but not on oak. C. & S.
ACTAEA L.
•991. A. alba (L.) Mill. Wliite Baneberry. Cohosh. Moist woods and hillsides.
Frequent. Th.
992. A. ebumea Rydb. Ivory Baneberry. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*993. A. rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry. Cohosh. A. spicata rubra Ait. Fre-
quent. Th.
CIMICIFUGA L.
994. C. racemosa (L.) Nutt. Black Snakeroot. Black Cohosh. Bugbane. S. E.,
Winch. Cat.; Jackson, University Herb; U. P., Burt. Rare in Michigan.
AQUILEGIA L.
*995. A. Canadensis L. Wild Columbine. Frequent. Th.
996. A. vulgaris L. European Columbine. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Escaped
from gardens.
ANEMONE L.
*997. A. Canadensis L. Canada Anemone. Wind-flower. A. Pennsylvanica L. On
low ground along streams; on higher land northward. Common. Th.
*998. A. cylindrica A. Gray. Long-fruited Anemone. Poor soil. Infrequent. L. P.
999. A. Hudsoniana Richards. Cut-leaved Anemone. Mackinaw, Whitney Cat.
Mouth of Saginaw R., Winchell Cat.; Lake Superior, Gray; Frankfort; shore of Grand
Traverse Bay, and Torch Lake near the landing, E. J. Hill; eight miles below Rock
Harbor, Isle Royal, Porter; Bay Co., Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis. Has been confused with
A. multifida Poir; a South American species.
1000. A. parviflora Michx. Northern Anemone. Dr. Lyons; Asa Gray; Pic River,
Lake Superior, Macoun. Rare. U. P.
*1001. A. quinquefolia L. Wind-flower. Wood Anemone. A. nemorosa Michx.
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Common. Th.
1002. A. riparia Fernald. Rochester and Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*1003. A. Virginiana L. Frequent, preferring sand or gravel. Th.
HEPATICA Scop.
*1004. H. acuta (Pursh.) Britton. Sharp-lobed Liver-leaf. This species is very
common on beech and maple land, while Hepatica Hepatica prefers oak soil. Th.
♦1005. H. Hepatica (L.) Karst. Round-lobed Liver-leaf. H. triloba Chaix. Less
frequent than the preceding, at least in the center. Th.
SYNDESMON Hoff mg. , Anemonella Spach.
*1006. S. thalictroides (L.) Hoffmg. Rue-Anemone. Anemonella thalictroides Spach.
Quite local through C. & S.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels;
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
PULSATILLA Adans.
1007. P. hirsutissima (Pursh.) Britton. Nuttall's Basque Flower. Anetnone patens
Nuttulliana A. Gray. Norway, S. M. Tobey. Infrequent.
CLEMATIS L.
*1008. C. Virginiana L. Common Virgin's Bower. Frequent on low land. Th.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 79
ATRAGENE L.
1009. A. Americana Sims. Purple Virgin's Bower. Clematis verticillaris DC. Nor-
way, S. M. Tobey. Rare.
RANUNCULUS L.
*1010. R. abortivus L. Small-flowered Crowfoot. Common. Th.
•1011. R. acris L. Tall Crowfoot or Buttercup. "Classed by Hooker f. as indig-
enous." S. Watson. So. Haven; Macomb Co.; Flint; Huron shore, Winch. Cat.; and
Lake Superior. Gradually spreading over the State. Infrequent. Th.
1012. R. bulbosus L. Bulbous Crowfoot or Buttercup. Sault Ste. Marie, Porter;
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. A bad weed in meadows.
*1013. R. delphinifolius Torr. Yellow Water-Crowfoot. R. multifldus Pursh. Ponds
and slow streams. Perennial by rooting from the nodes of floating stems after flower-
ing. The young plants rooting in mud are pubescent so far as observed in many parts
of the State. Common. Th.
•1014. R. fascicularis Muhl. Early Crowfoot. Flowers sometimes double or with
reversion of essential organs to leaves. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Berrien Co., H. S.
Pepoon. Hills and sandy plains. Infrequent from the center of the State southward.
1015. R. Lapponicus L. Lapland Buttercup. Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, Britton
& Brown.
lOlG. R. Macounii Britton. Macoun's Buttercup. R. hispidns Hook. Lake Supe-
rior, Britton and Brown.
1017. R. micranthus Nutt. Rock Crowfoot. R. obortivus micranthus A. Gary.
North shore of Lake Superior, Agassiz; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
1018. R. obtusiusculus Raf. Water Plantain Spearwort. R. ambigcns S. Wats.
Dr. Lyons. St. Clair Co., A. F. Foerste and W. S. Cooper.
1019. R. ovalis Raf. Prairie Crowfoot. R. rJiomboideus Goldie. On light sand;
Muir and Palo in Ionia County; Lake Superior, Can. Cat. Prairies, Mich. A. Gray.
Rare.
1020. R. Pennsylvanicus L. f. Bristly Ciowfoot. Frequent on low land. Th.
1021. R, Purshii Richards. Pursh's Buttercup. Topinabee, S. H. Camp; Chandler's
Falls, Atlanta; Alpena, C. F. Wlieeler.
•1022. R. recurvatus Poir. Hooked Crowfoot. Woods in rich soil. Common. Th.
*1023. R. repens L. Creeping Buttercup. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Rochester,
W. A. Brotherton and O. A. Farwell; Montreal River, Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
in the lawn Agricultural College, C. F. Wlieeler.
1024. R. reptans L. Creeping Spearwort. R. Flammula reptans E. Meyer. In-
frequent except northward, and not seen in the center of the State. Sandy shore of
Black Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell; Algonac, W. S. Cooper.
N. U. P.
1025. R. reptans intennedius (Hook.) Torr. & Gray. R. Flammuln intermedius
Hook. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
•1026. R. sceleratus L. Cursed Crowfoot. Ditch Crowfoot. Ditches and low ground.
Exceedingly variable, stems sometimes two inches in diameter. Frequent. Th.
•1027. R. septentrionalis Poir. Swamp Buttercup. Frequent and variable. Th.
BATRACHIUM S. F. Gray.
•1028. B. divaricatum (Schrank) Wimm. Stiff Water-Crowfoot. Ranunculus cir-
cinatus Sibth. Bear River, Petoskey, E. J. Hill; Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Huron
R., Lyons. The common form in L. P. P'rcquent. Th.
1029. B. trichophyllum (Chaix.) Bossch. White Water-Crowfoot. Ranunculus
aquatUis trichophyllus A. Gray. Common. Not observed in E. and S. Black Lake,
Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell, St. Clair River and Lake,
W. S. Cooper.
OXYGRAPHIS Bunge.
1030. 0. Cymbalaria (Pursh.) Prantl. Seaside Crowfoot. Ranunculus Cynibalaria
Pursh. South Haven, L. H. Bailey. Rare.
THALICTRUM L.
•1031. T. dioicum L. Early Meadow-Rue. Common along river banks. Th.
1032. T. polygamum Muhl. Tall Meadow-Rue. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
•1033. T. purpurascens L. Purplish Meadow-Rue. Wet meadows. Common. Th.
80 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OP SCIENCE.
NIGELLA L.
1033a. N. Damascena L. Fennel-flower. Escaped from gardens. Infrequent.
BERBERIDACEiE T. G. Barberry Family.
BERBERIS L.
*1034. B. vulgaris L. Common Barberry. Sometimes escaped from cultivation;
Flint, Dr. Clark; Tuscola Co., Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
CAULOPHYLLUM ]\richx.
*1035. C. thalictroides (L.) Michx. Pappoose-root. Blue Cohosh. Common in L. P.
JEFFERSONIA Barton.
*1036. J. diphylla (L.) Persoon. Rheumatism-root. Twin-leaf. Infrequent. C. & S.
PODOPHYLLUM L.
*1037. P. pelatum L. May-Apple. Wild Mandrake. Very common. C. & S.
MENISPERMACE^ DC. Moonseed Family.
MENISPERMUM L.
*1038. M. Canadense L. Canada IMoonseed. Woods and moist thickets. Frequent.
LAURACE^ Liudl. Laurel Family.
SASSAFRAS Nees & Eberm.
*1039. S. Sassafras (L.) Karst. Sassafras. S. officinale Nees & Eberm. Woods,
sandy soil, Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Hamlin Lake, Mason Co., C. E. St. Johns; Bay Co.,
G. M. Bradford. Frequept. L. P.
BENZOIN Fabric.
*1040. B. Benzoin (L.) Coulter. Spice-bush. Lindera Benzoin Blume. Damp woods.
Frequent. C. & S.
PAPAVERACEiE B. Juss. Poppy Family.
Includiug also Fumariaceae.
PAP AVER L.
1041. P. somniferum L. Common Poppy. Opium Popp3^ Occasional. Escaped
from cultivation.
SANGUINARIA L.
*1042. S. Canadensis L. Bloodroot. Common. Th.
STYLOPHORUM Nutt.
1043. S. diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. Celandine Poppy. Rich woods, Oceana County
and southward. Local. C. & S.
CHELIDONIUM L.
•1044. C. majus L. Celandine. Lebanon, Clinton Co., Van Vleck; Sturgis, F. P.
Daniels.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. »1
BICUCULLA Achins. DiCEX riiA Uenili.
*1045. B. Canadensis ((ioldie) IMillsp. Squirrel Corn. Dicentra Canadensis Walp.
From Frankfort smiLliward. Frequent. L. P.
*104(j. B. Cucullaria (J^.) Millsp. Dutchman's Breeclies. Dicentra ciicuUaria Torr.
Frankfort, suulliward. Frequent. L. P.
ADLUMIA Kaf.
1047. A. fungosa (Ait.) Greene. Climbing Fumitory. A. cirrhosn Raf. Hemlock
woods in vicinity of Houghton Lake; Grand Rapids, Miss Clark; So. Haven; Marquette,
E. J. Hill. Not common. Th. .
CAPNOIDES Adans. Cobydalis Vent.
1048. C. aureum (W'illd.) Kuntze. Golden Corydalis. Cori/dalis aitrca Willd.
Sturgis, F. 1'. Daniels. Fre(iuent northward in the U. P. Common.
1049. C. sempervirens (L.) liorck. Pale Corydalis. Corydalis fllauca Pursh. Grand
Haven; Clare Co.; L. Sup. Infrequent except northward. Oscoda; Alger's camp, Alcona
Co. Th.
FUMARIA L.
1 ().")(). F. officinalis L. Fumitory. Escaped from cultivation at Ypsilanti. O .A.
Far well.
CRUCIFERiE B. Juss. Mustard Family.
LEPIDIUM L.
•lOol. L. apetalum W'illd. Apetalous Pepper-grass. L. intcrnicdii(m A. Gray. Alma,
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
1052. L. campestre (L.) R. Br. Field or Cow Cress. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford;
Macomb Co., and Detroit. Infrequent. S. E.
IO.jS. L. sativum L. Garden Pepper-grass. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge. Escaped
from cultivation.
*1054. L. Virginicum J.. Wild Pepper-gi-ass. Alma, Ann Arlior. Th.
IBERIS L.
1055. L. amara L. Escaped from gardens. Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell.
CONRINGIA Link.
105G. C. orientalis (L.) Duniort. .A Itad weed in grain fields, introduced into north-
ern ^Michigan from the northwest. O. A. Farwell.
THLASPI L.
*1057. T. arvense L. Field Pennycress. Ann Arbor. Allmendinger Cat.; "shore?
of Lake Huron," A. Gray; ]\Ionroe, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
SISYMBRIUM I..
1058. S. altissimum L. Tall Sisymljrium. A bad weed from Europe introduced
into the Canadian Northwest. Benton Harbor in 1800. C. F. W. ; later in many local-
ities. Tuscola Co.. C. A. Davis; near Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1059. S. humile Meyer. Northern Rock-cress. Isle Royale. Gillman; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell; Mackinac, G. H. Hicks; ^lacomb Co.; Grand Haven. Infrequent.
*10C0. S. officinale (L.) Scop. Hedge Mustard. Road-sides and wet places. Fre-
quent. Th.
CAKILE Gaertn.
1001. C. edentula (Bigel.l Hook. Sea-rocket. C. Americana Nutt. Shores of
the great lakes. Common. Th.
SINAPIS L.
*10G2. S. alba L. White jNlustard. Brassica alha P.ois^. Tnfrc(iucnt. Th.
11
82 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
BRASSICA L.
*1063. B. arvensis (L.) B. S. P. Charlock. Brassica Sinapistrum Boiss. A bad
weed, becoming too frequent. Th.
1064. B. campestris L. Turnip. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1065. B. juncea (L. ) Cosson. Indian Mustard. Lapeer, Mrs. M. Owen; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell: Port Huron, W. S. Cooper.
*10C6. B. nigra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard. Common. Th.
DIPLOTAXIS DC.
= 1067. D muralis (L.) DC. Sand Rocket.^ Grand Pvapids, H. C. Skeels.
RAPHANUS L.
1067a. R. Raphanistrum L. White Charlock. Ballast grounds. Detroit, 0. A.'
Farwell.
1067b. R. satinus L. Garden Radish. Persists for some time in old gardens and
waste places.
BARBAREA R. Br.
1069. B. Barbarea (L.) :\Iac:\I. Yellow Rocket or Cress. B. vulgaris R. Br. South
Haven; Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat.; Macomb Co.; Alma, C. A. Davis; Hubbards-
ton; Bay Co., (J. M. Bradford; and X. into the U. P. where it is indigenous and fre-
quent. Th.
1070. B. praecox (J. E. Smith) R. Br. Belle Isle Cress. Sandy gi-ound. St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge.
1071. B. striata Andrz. Erect-fruited Winter Cress. B. nth/aris stricta A. Gray.
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; St. Clair Co. near Capac, C. K. Dodge; Detroit, W. S.
Cooper.
RORIPA Scop. Nasturtium R. Br.
1072. R. Americana (A. Gray) Britton. Lake Water-cress. Xasturtiuin lacustre
A. Gray. From Fish Creek and Maple River southward. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1073. R. Armoracia (L.) Hitchcock. Horseradish, yasturtium Armoracia Fries.
Escaped from gardens into waste places. Frequent.
*1074. R. hispida (Dosv.) Britton. His])id Yellow Cress. XaKtiirtium paliistre
hispidiini A. (iray. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Th.
*1075. R. Nasturtium (L.) Rusby. True Water-cress. Nastiii-tiinii offichwle R.
Br. Ionia; South Haven; Ann Arbor, Alma, C. A. Davis. Frequent in brooks.
1070. R. obtusa (Nutt.) Britton. Blunt-leaved Yellow Ci-ess. Nasturtium ohtiisum
Xutt. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1077. R. palustris (L.) Bess. Yellow Water-cress. A', palustre DC. Frequent. Th.
1078. R. sylvestris (L.) Bess. Creeping Yellow Water-cress. Xasturtiuin si/tvcstre
R. Br. Detroit; 0. A. Farwell.
CARDAMINE L.
*107!). C. bulbosa (Sclireb.) B. S. P. Bulbous Cress. C. rJwmboidea DC. Common.
Th.
*10S0. C. hirsuta L. Snuill Bitter Cress. New Buffalo, C. F. Wheeler; near Black
Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.: Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A. Davis. Th.
1081. C. parviflora L. Small-flowered Bitter-cress. New Buffalo, C. F. W.; Che-
boygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; St. Claii' Co., J. W. Stacey.
1082. C. Pennsylvanica Muhl. Pennsvlvania Bitter-cress. Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell; Bay Co., G. :M. Bradford.
*10S:i. C. pratensis L. Cuckoo-Flower. Bogs. Rare S., frequent in C, and common
N. Th.
*1084. C. purpurea (Torr.) Britton. Purjjle Cress. C. rhoinhoidea purpurea DC.
An early spring flower. Th.
MATTHIOLA L.
108.5. M. bicornis (B. & S.) DC. Growing in sand along shore of Lake Huron.
U. S. Dejjt. of Agriculture reported it as the only place in the country where it had
escaped.
BEAL ON MICHKJAN FLORA. 83
DENTARIA L.
"lOSti. D. diphylla Miilix. 'I'wo-Ieavcd I'ootliwort. Common. Th.
*10S7. D. laciniata Miihl. (^nt-loaved Tootliwoit. Keweenaw Co. and soutliward.
Common. Th.
loss. D. maxima Nntt. J.,ar£re Tootliwort. IJhifr.s alonj,' Black River near Abbotts-
ford. C. \\. J)()(l<j;e: the only station known in the State.
BURSA ^Veber. Capski-LA ]Medic.
Itisi). B. Bursa-pastoris (L.) Bruton. Shejjherd's Purse. CupseUu linrm-ptiMorin
-Medic. J'lic coiniiioiicst of weeds. Th.
CAMELINA Crant/.
-TOOO. C. microcarpa Andrz. Small- fruited false [''lax. A weed which is becora-
inji' naturalized from Kurope.
1001. C. sativa (L. ) Crantz. Gold-of-rieasure. False Flax. Road-sides and waste
places. I'lint ; Ann Arbor; Macomb Co.; Stiir<ris: Bay Co.; Keweenaw Co., F. Not
common. Th.
DRABA L.
10!)2. D. Caroliniana Walt. Carolina Whitlow-f^rass. Ionia Co. and southward.
Rare. C. & S.
1003. D. incana arabisans (Michx.) S. Wats. Shores of Great Lakes. [Mackinac,
G. H. Hicks. Infreqiumt.
••'10!)4. D. nemorosa L. Wood Whitlow-grass. "'Fort Gratiot and iioitliwestward."
A. (iray. (olleded l)y Dr. Pitcher. Infrequent.
*100o. D. verna L. WhitJow-gi-ass. S. W., H. S. I'ejjoon ; Detroit, Dr. Lvons. Rare.
S.
SOPHIA Adans.
1000. S. pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Tansy ^lui^ard. Sisymhrium canescens Nutt.
Shores of Gjfeat ].akes. Pitcher, Houghton, Winchell; Barry Co.. L. H. Bailey. Infre-
quent. 'Fh.
1000a. S. pinnata brachycarpa (Richards) O. A. Farwell. Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
1007. S. Sophia (K.) Brittoii. I'lixweed. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
ARABIS L.
lOOS. A. brachycarpa (T. & (J.) liritton. I'in))lc Hock-cress. .1. confinis hrdchycurpa
Watson and Coulter. Keweenaw Co., (). A. Faiwell; ^larqiu'tte. Alpena, Hubbardston,
C. F. Wheeler. Not common.
*1000. A. Canadensis L. Sickle-pod. Fields and rocky woods. Not common.
^1100. A. dentata T. & (t. Toothed Rock-cress. Low lands along Grand River and
southward. Not common. C. & S.
1100a. A. Drummondii A. Gray. A. eonftnis S. Wats., in part. Keweenaw Co.. 0. A.
Farwell.
*1101. A. glabra (L.) Bernh. Tower Mustard. A. pcrfoliata Lam. Alma, Ann
Arbor. C. A. Davis. Fields. Infrequent. Th.
*1102. A. hirsuta (L) Scop. West Bay City. (J. ^L Bradford.
1103. A. Holboellii Hornem. Holljoell's Rock-cress. Thunder Bay. Alpena Co.,
the most easterly known station foi- this Avesteru sfjecies. C. F. ^^'heeler.
■1104. A. laevigata (Muhl.) Poir. Smooth Rock-cress. River banks. Infre(]uent. Th.
IIO."). A. lyrata L. Lyre-leaved Rook-cress. Sandv fields, Hubbardston; South
Haven; Flint: IVto^kcy; ('. P., Whitney Cat. Infreciuent. Th.
1100. A. lyrata occidentaliss S. Wats. Bowers Harbor, Grand Traverse Bav, Alpena,
C. F. Wheeler.
ERYSIMUM L.
*l|07. E. cheiranthoides L Worm-seed Mustard. Gratiot Co.: Grayling, G. H.
Hicks; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co.. (). A. Farwell; Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*110S. E. inconspicuum (S. Wats.) MacM. Snuill Erysimum. K. parrifioriiiii Nutt.
Probablv introduced from the west. Clifton, Keweenaw Co.. (). A. Farwell; St. Clair
Co., C. k. Dodge.
8i MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
ALYSSUM L.
*1109. A. alyssoides (L.) Gouan. Yellow Aljssum. A. calycinum L. Hubbards-
ton, Ionia, Flint, C. F. \Vheeler; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Brad-
ford. A recently introduced jilant, becoming common in many localities. Door-yards
and waste places.
HESPERIS L.
1110. H. matronalis L. Dame's Violet. Escaped from cultivation at Cassopolis,
C. F. Wheeler: shore of Lake Huron, T. & G.; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Keweenaw
Co., Ypsilanti, U. A. Farwell.
CAPPARIDACEi^ Lindl. Caper Family.
CLEOME L.
1111. C. serrulata Tursh. Pink Cleome. ('. hiteyrifolia T. & G. Vestaburg, C. A.
Davis. At one time introduced in several plaee^< near the Agricultural College, but now
apparently extinct.
POLANISIA llaf.
1112. P. graveolens Itaf. Clammy- weed. Shores of Great Lakes; Bay Co., G. M.
Bradford: South Ihiven; Detroit; Put-in-Bay. Not rare.
RESEDACEiE S. F. Gray. Mignonette Family.
RESEDA L.
lll.'j. R. lutea ]^. Yellow cut-leaved ^lignonette. Jackson, S. H. Camp.
SARRACENIACE^E La Pyl. Pitcher-Plant Family.
SARRACENIA L.
•■1114. S. purpurea L. Side-.saddle Flower. Huntsman's Cuj). Pitclier-plant. Com-
mon in spliagnous swamps. Th.
111.5. S. purpurea heterophylla (Eaton) Torr. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
DROSERACEiE S. F. Gray. Sundew Family.
DROSERA L.
llKi. D. intermedia llayne. Spatulate-loavcd Sundew. D. iiilcnucdiii var. Ameri-
(■(ina DC. S. J\Iich.. Wright. Cat.; Ann Arbor, Alhnendinger Cat.; Grand Rapids,
11. H. ^\'olcott; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Vestaburg, C. A. Davis. Th.
1117. D. linearis Goldie. Slender Sundew. Livingston Co.; L. Superior, Dr. Lyons;
Keweenaw (O.. O. A. Farwell; La Pointe, D. Houghton; Copper Harbor, F. E. Wood.
Rare.
1118. D. longifolia I-. Ublong-lcaved Sundew. ,Mud Lake, Oakland Co., W. A.
Brotherton.
'UliJ. D. rotundifolia L. lUnuul- leaved Sundew. In sjiliagnons swamps. An in-
.rtsctivorous plant. Th.
PODOSTEMACEiE Lindl. River- Weed Family.
PODOSTEMON .Michx.
1120. P. Ceratophyllum .Miclix. IJiver-weed. Thread-foot. Detroit, Dr. A. B.
Lyons.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 85
CRASSULACEiE DC Orpine Family.
SEDUM L.
*1121. S. acre L. Mossy Stono-eio]). Kscapcd from cultivation; Alma, Whitmore
Lake. C. A. Davis; ]?ay Co..'r.. ]\f. l^radlonl: Kowocuaw Co.. O. A. Faiwoll.
*1122. S. Telephium L. Livo-forcvor. nanlcii Orpine. Escaped from cultivation.
Th.
PENTHORACEiE Rydb.
PENTHORUM L.
*1123. P. sedoides L. Ditch Stonecrop. Roadsides and ditches; shore of Black
Lake, Cheboygan Co., B. & K. Frequent. L. P.
SAXIFRAGACEiE Dunioit. Saxifrage Family.
SAXIFRAGA L.
1124. S. autumnalis L. Yellow Mountain Saxifrage. S. aizoldes 1j. Northern
Michigan, A. <jray; Britton & Brown. U. P.
1125. S. Aizoon Jacq. Livelong Saxifrage. Upper Mich., Gray; Isle Royale, Lyons, '
and Whitney. U. P.
*1126. S. Pennsylvanica L. Swamp Saxifrage. Bogs. Common. Th.
1127. S. tricuspidata Retz. Three-toothed Saxifrage. Shore of L. Superior and
northward, A. Gray; Isle Royale, Dr. Lyons and Whitney Cat. U. P.
1128. S. Virginiensis Michx. Early Saxifrage. L. Superior, Can. Cat.; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell. U. P.
TIARELLA L.
*1129. T. cordifolia L. False Mitrewort. Birmingham, Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell;
Ft. Gratiot; Macomb Co.; Flint; Stanton, and northward. Common in N. & U. P.;
rare in C. & S. W. Th.
HEUCHERA L.
11,30. H. Americana L. Common Alum-root. Grand Rapids, Coleman; Ann Arbor,
Winch. Cat.; Monroe Co., C. F. Wheeler; Ypsilanti, 0. A. Farwell. C. & S.
*1131. H. hispida Pursh. Common in Grand-Saginaw Valley; Ypsilanti, 0. A Far-
well C. & S.
MITELLA L.
*11.32. M. diphylla L. Mitre-wort. Hillsides in rich woods. Very common. Th.
*1133. M. nuda L. Shaded swamps in Spluignmn. Frequent. Th.
CHRYSOSPLENIUM L.
*1134. C. Americanum Schwein. South Haven; Hubbardston; Flint; Alma, C. A.
Davis. Northward. Infrequent.
PARNASSIACEiE Dumort. Grass-of-Parnassus Family.
PARNASSIA L.
*113o. P. Caroliniana Michx. Alma, C. A. Davis. Swamps and wet banks. Rare
northward; common in C. & S.
113(i. P. palustris L. Drummond's Is.. Winch. Cat.; ".shore of L. Superior and
northward," A. Gray, from Dr. Pitcher; Harbor Point, C. A. Davis; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell.
1137. P. parviflora DC. L. Sup., Can. Cat.; Grand Island, Henry Gillman; Harbor
Point, C. A. Davis; also, northwest shore of Lake Michigan, in Wisconsin, Gillman.
U. P.
86 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
GROSSULARIACEiE Dumort. Gooseberry Family.
RIBES L.
1138. R. aureum Piirsh. Permanently established on sliore of Lake Huron. C. K.
Dodge.
*1139. R. Cynosbati L. Gooseberry. Common. Th.
*1140. R. floridum L'Her. Wild Black Currant. Cheboy^ran Co., B. & K. Soutli-
ward. Common. Th.
*1141. R. gracile Miehx. Slender Gooseberry. St. Joseph's Island, and Sitting
Rabbit, Winchell's Cat.: Chandler's. C. V. Wheeler.
1142. R. lactustre (Pers.) Poir. Swamp Gooseberry. As far south as Houghton
Lake; Cheboygan Co., B. & K. : Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1143. R. oxyacanthoides L. Swamp Gooseberry. Low grounds along Fish Creek
and Maple River; Flint: iMacomb Co.. northward' and shore of Long Lake, B. & K. ;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
1144. R. prostratum L'Her. Fetid Currant. Flint; Isabella Co.; Missaukee Co.;
St. Joseph's Is., Wincli. Cat.; Cheboygan Co., B. & K. ; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
Frequent. C. X. & P.
1145. R. rotundifolium Michx. Thunder Bay Island, C. F. Wheeler.
*1146. R. rubrum L. Red Currant. Deep swamps and cold woods, under tamaracks.
Ann Arbor; Ionia; Stanton; Cheboygan Co., B. & K. Infrequent. Th.
HAMAMELIDACEiE Liudl. Witch Hazel Family.
HAMAMELIS L.
*1147. H. Virginiana J^. Common. Th.
PLATANACE.E Lindl. Plane-Tree Family,
PLATANUS L.
*1148. P. occidentalis L. Along our river.s. '"The largest tree of the Atlantic
forests." Sargent. C. & S.
ROSACEiE B. Juss Rose Family.
OPULASTER .Medic. Phy.socarpa Raf.
1149. 0. opulifolius (L.) Kuntze. Ninebark. I'hyxocdrpuK opiiUfoliiix ]\Iaxim.
Along streams. J'li.
SPIRAEA L.
*1150. S. salicifolia L. Common Meadow-Sweet. In marshes. Common. Th.
1151. S. sorbifolia L. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
*1152. S. tomentosa L. Hardhack. Steeple-bush. Grand Rapids, G. 1). Sones;
north of the College ahout three and one-half miles, W. J. B. ; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels;
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; ioiiia Co., and southward. Inftequent. C. & S.
PORTERANTHUS Britton. Gillenia Moench.
1152a. P stipulatus (Muhl.; Britton. Near Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
1153. P. trifoliatus (L.) Britton. Indian Physic. Oillcnid Irifoliata Moench.
Bowman's Root. W'iiK-hell Cat. Rare. S.
RUBUS L.
•1154. R. Americanus (Pers.) (). A. F. Dwarf Raspberry. J{. trifioru.s Richard.
Frequent. Th.
1154a. R. argutus Link. Tall BlackbiMiy. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 87
*1155. B. Baileyanus IJiitton. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*1156. R. Canadensis L. Dewberry. Low Blackberry. R. MUUpnuiihii Hritt. Lake,
Cheboygan Co., ('. K. Wheeler; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Uavis; Keweenaw Co., (). A.
Farwell. Black. Frcijuent. Th.
1157. R. Ensleni 'I'ratt. Enslen's Dewlx^rry. Detroit and vicinity, O. A. Farwell.
1157a. R. frondosus Biij^el. Leafy-bracted Blackberry. R. riUoxiix frondo.<<iis Bigel.
Keweenaw Co.. and Detroit. <). A. Farwell.
*1158. R. hispidus L. Runiiinf,' Swanip-15. Very abundant throu<.di tin- central in the
pine country. I li.
*1100. R. neglectus iVck. lliibbardston; Birniin<i;ham ; Belle Isle; Alma, C. A. Davis.
1161. R. nigricans Rydb. Peck's Dewberry. Detroit and vicinity, O. A. Farwell.
*1161a. R. nigrobaccus Bailey. IIi<rli Bnsh Blackberry. A'. riUosiin A. Cray. Very
common in Central Mich., rare in I". I*.
"1162. R. occidentalis L. Black 11. Thimbleberry. Hybrids between this and
R. strif/OKiis frci|U('ntly occur. Common. Th.
1163. R. odoratus L. Purple Flowering Raspberry. From l'"t. Cratiot (Winchell)
northward. Not observed in the interior of the C. & S. Common in N. and U. P. Th.
1164. R. parviflorus Xutt. Salmon-berry. 7^. Nntkaniifi Mocino. Salmon-berry.
Frequent at Petnskey and common farther north; F"lk Rapids, W. S. Cooper. N. & U. JP.
1164a. R. procumbens jMuhl. Low Running Blackberry. 7?. Canadensis T. & G.,
not L. Keweenaw Co., Detroit. 0. A- Farwell.
*1165. R. setosus Bigel. Bristly Blackberry. Vestaburg. C. F. Wheeler.
*1166. R. strigosus ^liclix. ^ViId Red Raspberry. Variable. Common. Th.
DALIBARDA L.
1169. D. repens L. Ann Arbor. JIary Clark; ]\Iacomb Co., Cooley. !May occur
farther nortli. and perhai)s througlunit. Lake Hiuon, Bell, Canadian Catalogue.
DRYMOCALLIS F'ourr. PoTENTrLL.\, in \nut.
*1170. D. arguta (Pursh.) Rydb. Tall Cinquefoil. Potentilla (iri/uta Pursh. Flow-
ers either white or yellow, generally all in one locality of one color. Alma; Ann
Arbor; Macomb Co.; Ionia; and X. to Isle Royal. Frequent on light sand; in places
common. Th.
DASIPHORA Raf. Potextilla, in part.
*1171. D. fruticosa (L.) Rydb. Shrubby Cinquefoil. PotentUUi fniticosa L. Edges
of swamps. Ranges N. to Arctic America. Common. Th.
SIBBALDIOPSIS Rydb. Potentilla, in part.
1172. S. tridentata (Soland.) Rydb. Three-toothed Cinquefoil. Potentilla tridentata
Soland. Barrens of .Missaukee Co.; Grayling: shores of the Upper Great Lakes, A.
Gray; Isle Royal. Dr. Lyons; Ro.scommon, C. A. Davis. N. & U. P. Frequent.
FRAGARIA L.
1173. F. Americana (Porter) Britton. American Wood Strawberry. F. vesca Ameri-
cana T. G. Porter. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Baldwin, W. J. B.; Vestaburg, C. A.
Davis; Al[)ena. C. F. Wheeler.
1174. F. Canadensis Michx. Northern Wild Strawberry. N.
*1175. F. Virginiana Duchesne. Virginia Strawberry. F. VivijiiiidiKi [llinoeniiis
Prince. Cctniinon. 'i'h.
COMARUM L. Potentilla, in part.
*H76. C. palustre (L.) Marsh Cinquefoil. P'ttnitilld iiliistri--< Scop. Swamps
throughout, but nowhere abundant.
ARGENTINA Lam. Potentilla. in part.
1177. A. Anserina (L.) Rydb. Potentilla An^erina L. Silver- weed. Frequent,
along the Great Lakes, but rare in the interior. Banks of Higgins Lake, G. H. Can-
non; Baldwin, W. J. B. ; Otsego Co., Guy L. Stewart; Huron Co., C. A. Davis.
88 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
POTENTILLA L.
■^117S. P. argentea L. Silvery Cinqiiefoil. Ann Arbor, Clark and Allraendinger;
Aliua. Davis: Inland. Benzie Co.; Behaves like a weed at Hanover, Mich., running
out clover, G. E. Simmons; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
*117!). P. Canadensis L. Common Cinquefoil. Five-finger. Common. Th.
1180. P. intermedia L. Downy Cinquefoil. Well established in Livingston and
Washtenaw counties. C. F. Wheeler.
1181. P. Monspeliensis L. Rough Cinquefoil. P. l^^orvcfjica L. Common. Th.
1182. P. paradoxa Xutt. Bushy Cinquefoil. Shores of Creat Lakes.
1183. P. Pennsylvanica L. L. Superior, Gray's Man. Prof. Ellis, in Canadian Cata-
logue.
1184. P. Robbinsiana Oakes. Bobbin's Cinquefoil. P. frif/idn A. GraJ^ (Not
Villar.) Dr. Lyons. Bare. U. P.
*1185. P. sulphurea Lam. Much like P. recta L. Ypsilanti, 0. A. Fanvell; Howell
Junction, C. F. ^Mieeler.
WALDSTEINIA Willd.
*11S6. W. fragarioides (IMichx.) Tratt. Barren Strawberry. Livingston Co., Winch.
Cat.; Ionia; Flint to L. Sup., Whitnev Cat. Bather local, but abundant when found
at all. Th.
GEUM L.
*1187. G. Canadense Jacq. White Avens. G. album Gmelin. Common. L. P.
1188. G, macrophyllum WiJld. Rare in L. P. Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; K shore
of Lake Superior, Agassiz.
*1189. G. rivale L. ^^'ater or Purple Avens. Swamps and wet places. Common. Th.
1190. G. striatum Alton. New Haven, Gratiot Co.; Petoskey; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell ; St. Clair Co., A. F. Forcste.
1191. G. vernum (Baf.) T. & G. Spring Avens. St. Clair, Miss Gurd; Belle Isle,
0. A. Farwell. Rare.
*1192. G. Virginianum L. Rough Avens. Common. C. & S.
SIEVERSIA R. Br. Geum, in part.
119.3. S. ciliata (Pursh.) Rydb. Geum iriftorum Pursh. Otisco Tp., Ionia Co.,
A. B. Morse; Montcalm Co.; Ada, Greenville, C. A. Davis.
ULMARIA Hill.
1194. U rubra Jlill. (,)ueen-of-the-Prairie. Spiraea lobata Gronov. "Meadows
and prairies, I'enn. Co., ]\Iich.," A. Gray. Occurs only in the S. W: R. R. track, near
Augusta, L. H. Bailey; Calhoun Co.; University Herb." St. Joseph, V. Willoughby. S.
AGRIMONIA L.
*1195. A. hirsuta (^luhl.) Bicknell. Tall Hairy Agrimony. A. Eupatoria hivsuta
Muhl. Dry soil. Common. Th.
*1190. A. mollis (T. & G.) Britton. Soft A^rimonv. A. Eupatoria mollis T. & G.
St. Clair Co., J. W. Stacey; Belle Isle. (). A. Far\rell. Frequent.
1197. A. parviflora Soland. Many-flowered Agrimony. Detroit, Miss Clark;
Macomb Co.; St. Clair Co., A. F. Foerste; S. W.. H. S. Pepoon. Infrequent. S. E.
1198. A. pumila Muhl. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
1199. A. striata -Michx. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell. A. glabra (]\Iuhl.) Bicknell.
SANGUISORBA L. Poterium L.
1200. S. Canadensis L. American Great Burnet. Poterium Canadense A. Gray.
South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Ann Arbor, Allmendingor. Rare.
ROSA L. Rose.
1201. R. Arkansana Porter. Harbor Springs, C. F. Wheeler; Kfewecnaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. Rare.
1202. R. blanda Alton. Ionia; Hubbardston; Flint; Ft. Gratiot, Winch. Cat.;
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Lake shore, New Buffalo, C. F. Wheeler, northward to
BEAL ON MICHICJAN FLORA. 89
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Coniiiion northward, but infrequent soiitli of lat. 43"
except along the sliore of Lake Michigan. Th.
1203. R. canina L. ]\Iackinac I.siand. YpsiUinti, 0. A. Farwell.
*1205. R. Carolina L. Swamps. Common. Th.
*120(i. R. Carolina x humilis C. F. Wheeler. A supposed hybrid. Border of a swamp
near the Agricultural College.
1207. R. centifolia L. ^ Along railway track St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
1208. R. Engelmanni S. Wats. Prickly Rose. Cheboygan Co.; Mackinaw City:
Petoskey, C. F. Wheeler ; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1209. R. humilis Marsh. Abundant and pretty. In the C. it is our common wild
rose. Dry soil. Ahua. Ann Arbor. C A. Davis. A low form on hills about Ionia,
has narrow leaves, with peduncles and ripe fruit glandular-bristly.
*1210. R. rubiginosa L. Sweetbrier. Eglantine. Koadsides. Frequent. C. & S.
1211. R. Sayi Schwein. Indian River, Black Lake, Cheboygan Co.; Mackinaw City;
Petoskey, C. F. Wheeler; Oscoda; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. N. & U. P.
1212. R. setigera Michx. Climbing or Prairie Rose. South Haven, L. II. Bailey;
Jackson Co., Winchell; Flint, Dr. Clark; Macomb Co., Cooley; Grosse Isle, Miss Clark;
Belle Isle I'ark, Foerste; near Adrian, Mrs. I. H. Wheeler; along Bean Creek, Addison
to Morenci. W. J. B. Indigenous, but rare or local. C. & S.
1213. R. Woodsii Lindl., Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
POMACES L. Apple Family.
SORBUS L.
1214. S. Aucuparia L. European I\Iountain Ash. In a swamp near Bay City,
G. M. Bradford.
1215. S. Americana Marsh. American Mountain Ash. Pyru.'i Ama'icana DC. Lud-
ington, and north along the ^lichigan shore to Charlevoix; Sault Ste. Marie; and
into Canada where it is common; also westward, through U. P. Burt and Witnev;
near St. Clair River. C. K. Dodge. N. & U. P.
1216. S. sambucifolia (C. & S.) Roem. Western Mountain Ash. Pyriis samhuclfoVia
Cham. & Schlect. ]\Iackinac Island, H. Mann; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; near
Houghton Lake, C. A. Davis.
PYRUS L.
1217. P. communis L. Common Pear. Ypsilanti, Detroit as an escape, 0. A. Far-
well.
MALUS Hill. Pyrus, in part.
*1218. M. coronaria (L.) Mill. American Crab Apple. Pyrus cornaria L. Thickets
and along streams. Common. C. & S.
*1219. M. Malus (L.) Britton. Apple. Escai)cd from cultivation. Tli.
ARONIA ]\Iedic. Pyrus, in part.
1220. A. arbutifolia (L.) Medic. Red Choke-berry. Pijnis arlmtifolhi L. f. Hub-
bardston, New Bullalo. ^\'heelcr; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge, and nortliward.
*1221. A. nigra (Willd.) Britton. Black Choke-berry. Pyriisi arbntifoUa melanocarpa
Michx. Burt. .MS.; Isle Royale, Whitney's Cat. Frequent in swamps. Th.
AMELANCHIER Medic.
1222. A. alnifolia Xutt. Presque Isle, Winchell; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
Rare. N. & U. P.
*1223. A. Canadensis (L.) Medic. Shad-bush. Service-berry. Common. Th.
*1224. A. Botryapium (L. f.) DC. Shad-bush. A. Canadensis oblonfjifolla T. & G.
Ionia; Flint; S. iMicli., Winchell Cat.; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. Th.
1225. A. oligocarpa (Michx.) Roem. Shores of Lake Superior, Gray's Man.; Ke-
weenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. U. P.
1220. A. rotundifolia (Michx.) Roem. Round-leaved June-berry. Grand River Val-
ley, C. F. W.; Elk Rapids, W. S. Cooper. Not connnon.
1227. A. spicata (Lam.) Dec. Low June Berry. Shore of Thunder Bay, near
Alpena, Grayling, C. F. Wheelar;- Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
12
90 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
CRATAEGUS L.
1228. C. acutiloba Sargent. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1229. C. albicans Ashe. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1230. C. altrix Ashe. Detroit, (). A. Farwell.
1231. C. ater Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1232. C. attenuata Ashe. St. Clair Co., \^^ W. Aslie
1233. C. borealis Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Aslie; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
1234. C. brevispina (Dougl.) Farwell. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. C. punctata
brei/ispina Dougl.
1235. C. caesa Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
*1236. C. coccinea L. Common. Th.
*1237. C. Crus-galli L. Common. Th.
1238. C. decans Ashe. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1239. C. Dodgei Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. \V. Ashe.
1240. C. fallax Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1241. C. filipes Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1242. C. gemmosa Sargent. Grand Eapids, Emma .J. Cole; St. Clair Co., C. K.
Dodge; Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1243. C. glareola Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1244. C. immanis Ashe. St. Clair Co.. W. W. Ashe.
1245. C. latisepala Ashe. St. Clair Co.. W. W. Ashe.
1246. C. lanta Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1247. C. lumaria Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
*1248. C. macrantha Lodd. Long-spined Thorn. ('. (■(iccimfi Dirinantha Dudlej'.
Common. Th.
1249. C. Michiganensis Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
■'1250. C. mollis (T. & G.) Scheele. Red-fruited Thorn. C. coccinea mollis T. & G.
Frequent in C. ; IMonroe Co.. C. F. Wheeler; Ontonagon, ]\Iary H. Clark; Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis.
1251. C. nuperia Ashe. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1252. C. obtecta Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1253. C. onusta Aslie. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
1254. C. Oxyacantha L. English Hawthorn. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1255. C. pascens Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
125(J. C. pastora Sargent. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1257. C. prona Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
12.58. C. prunifolia (Marsh.) Pers. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1259. C. pubitolia Aslie. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
12(50. C. pubipes Ashe. St. Clair Co., W. W. Ashe.
'■'1261. C. punctata -laoq. Very variable. Common in south.
1262. C. rotundifolia (Ehrh.") iSorck. Glandular Tlioni. Grand Rapids, Island
Lake, Grass T.ake, ('. F. Wheeler.
1263. C. redolans Aslie. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1264. C. sera Sargent. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1265. C. structilis Ashe. ]3etroit. 0. A. Farwell.
1266. C. tenax Ashe. St. Clair Co., \V. W. Ashe.
*1268. C. tomentosa L. Pear Thorn. Common. Th. .
1269. C. virella Ashe. St. Clair Co., A\'. W. Ashe.
DRUPACEiE DC. Plum Family.
PRUNUS ]..
*1270. P. Americana ^Marsh. AN'ild Yellow or Red Plum. Black River, Cheboygan
Co., B. & K.; St. (lair Co., C. K. Dodge; Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor,
C, A. Davis. 'Jh.
*1271. P. Cerasus 1.. Sour Cherry. Esca))c(l I'loin cullix ation by the ai<l of birds.
Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell, and in many other ])lac('s.
1272. P, cuneata Raf. Appalachian Cherry. Bay City and vicinity, G. M. Brad-
ford; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
1273. P. domestica h. Well established. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Ypsilanti,
O. A. Farwell.
1274. P, Mahaleb L. Mahaleb Cherrv. Well established near St. Clair, C. K. Dodge;
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
15EAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 91
*1275. P. nigra Ail. Canada I'lmii. I'ort Huron nortiiward; Di-troit, U .A. Far-
well.
*r27(). P. Pennsylvanica ]>. t. Wild lied Cherry. Very abundant on sandy land in
the N. half of tlif State, but less conimon southward, where P. serotina take.s it place.
1277. P. pumila 1>. Dwarf Cherry. Sand Cherry. L. Sup.; Emmet Co.; Hou^'hton
Lake; Mecosta Co.; South Haven; Saj^inaw Bay, W'inchell, etc.; St. Clair Co., C. K.
Dodge. Freipient in the X. half of the L. I*., but not yet found in the interior. S. of
Saranac, Ionia Co., w heie it occuis irr a dry yladc.
*1278. P. serotina lOlirii. Wild lUack Clierr\ . l''rei|U('iit in C. and S. Rare in X.
and U. 1'.
*1279. P. Virginiana L. ('Iidkc Cherry. A slnub or small tree. Common. Th.
AMYGDALUS L.
1279a. A. Persica L. reach. Well established at Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell.
CAESALPINACE^ Kl. & Garcke. Senna Family.
CERCIS L.
*1280. C. Canadensis L. Red-bud. .Tudas-tree. Indi<;enons throughout the south-
ern part of the State, and as far X. in the west as (hand River Valley. Plaster
Creek, Grand Rapids, Garfield; Ionia, Lc \'ulley; banks of Thornapple River. Eaton
Co.; Ann Arbor; Adrian; South Ilavcii; near Medina a tree was found 2G inches in
diameter! \\'. J. B.
CASSIA L.
*1281. C. Marilandica L. Wild Senna. Grand Haven; Ann Arbor, river banks; Bay
Co., G. M. Bradford. Infreciuent. C. & S.
1282. C. nictitans L. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels: S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
GLEDITSIA L.
1283. G. triacanthos L. Three-thorned Acacia. Honey-Locust. Grows along the
River Raisin, and is certainly indigenous. Often two feet in diameter, W. J. B. Along
the St. Joseph, also, and in other localities in the extreme S. Dundee, Niles, C. F.
Wheeler; Detroit. ( ). A. Farwcdl; Milan, C. A. Davis.
GYMNOCLADUS Lam.
1284. G. dioica (L. ) Kocli. Kentucky CofTee-tree. C. & S. (I. Canadensis Lam.
A slender tree along the river banks as far X. as Maple River, in Clinton Co.; also
Fish Creek, Montcalm Co.; banks of Grand River; Macomb Co., W. J. B. ; Belle Isle,
0. A. Farwell and W. J. 15.; Stuigis. F. P. Daniels; Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Infre-
quent.
PAPILIONACEiE L. Pea Family.
BAPTISIA Vent.
1285. B. leucantha T. & G. Large White Wild Indigo. Calhoun Co., Winch. Cat.;
Ann Arbor. Allmeiidinger Cat.; shore of Lake Erie, Goldie, Canadian Cat.; near De-
troit, (). A. Farwell. llare.
'*128(i. B. tinctoria (L.) K. \'>v. \\"i\<\ Indigo. \\o<id\\ard Lake, foiiia Co.; Flint;
Macomb Co.; Aim Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Alma, C. A. Davis. Abundant in places but
not well distributed. C. & S.
CROTALARIA L.
, 1287. C. sagittalis !.. Ualtle-box. Detroit. ( ). A. F.n well.
LUPINUS L.
*1288. L. perennis !.. \\ ild Lupine. C. & S. Abundant in light sand.
1289. L. perennis occidentalis S. Wats. Benton Harbor, C. F. W^heeler.
1290. L. polycarpus Greene. Ballast grounds. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
92 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
MEDICAGO L.
1291. M. denticulata ^Mlld. Tootlied :\Ieclick. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*1292. M. lupulina L. Black ^ledick. Nonesuch. Waste places. . Mackinac; Jack-
son; Ann Arbor: Alma, C. A. Davis. L. P.
*r293. M. sativa L. Lucerne. Alfalfa. Escaped from cultivation in a few places.
MELILOTUS .Juss.
*1294. M. alba Desv. White Melilot. Verj' common in the older portions of the
State where it has often been sown bj' the roadside to furnish "pasture"' for bees.
L. P.
*1295. M. officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Melilot. It needs heavy soil. Rare. C. & S.
TRIFOLIUM L.
*1296. T. arvense L. Kabbit-foot or Stone Clover. Becoming naturalized in light
soil.
1297. T. aureum Poll. YelloAv or Hop Clover. T. ayrarium L., in part. Port Huron,
C. K. Dodge; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Not common. Th.
1298. T. depauperatum Desv. Introduced at Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
1299. T. dubium Sibth. Grand Rapids, Miss E. J. Cole; Detroit and Ypsilanti,
O. A. Farwell.
1300. T. furcatum Lindl. Introduced at Detroit, 0 A Farwell
*1301. T. hybridum L. Alsike Clover. Escaped from cultivation.
1302. T. medium L. Occasional in roads and fields. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
*1303. T. pratense L. Red Clover. Meadows and fields. Th.
*1304. T. procumbens L. Low Hop-Clover. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1305. T. repens L. White Clover. Aleadows, pastures and roadsides. Verv com-
mon. Th.
1306. T. stoloniferum Muhl. Running Buffalo Clever. Kalamazoo, Tuthill. Intro-
duced (?)
AMORPHA L.
1307. A. canescens Pursh. 'Lead-plant. W. Mich., Wincli. Cat.; Ann Arbor, Prof.
M. W. Harrington; Kalamazoo; Tuthill; Klinger Lake; Barron Lake, C. F. Wheeler;
Sturgis, F P. Daniels; Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon. Rare.
KUHNISTERA Lam. Petalostemon Michx.
1308. K. purpurea (Vent.) INIacM. Violet Prairie-clover. Peialostemnn riolaceus
Michx. Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon.
CRACCA L. Tepiirosi.v Pers.
1309. C. Virginiana L. Goat's Rue. Catgut. Tephroaia Yirginiana Pers. Clinton
Co.; Montcalm Co.; Newaygo Co.; Macomb Co.; Livingston Co., Miss Clark. On light
sand. Infre(|uent. C. & S.
ROBINIA L.
*1310. R. Pseudacacia L. Common Locust or False Acacia. Escaped from culti-
vation.
1311. R. viscosa Vent. Clan)niy Locust. Escaped from cultivation at Ionia, C. F.
Wheeler.
ASTRAGALUS L.
*1312. A. Carolinianus L. Carolina Milk Vetch. A. Canadensis L. Putin-Bay;
Ann Arbor; ^laconib Co.; Orchard Lake; Montcalm Co.; river bank. North Lansing;
Shiawassee Co., G. H. Hicks; ^\'hitnlore Lake, C. A. Davis; and northward. Well dis-
tributed, but infrequent. Th.
PHACA L. Some authors.
*1313. P. neglecta T. & G. Cooper's Milk Vetch. Astrar/alns Cooperi A. Gray.
Dr. A. B. Lyons; Cooley MS.; Park Lake, Clinton Co., L. H. Bailey; Alma. Rare.
C. & S.
BEAL ON MICIUGAN FLOUA. 93
STROPHOSTYLES Kll.
1314. S. helvola (L.) liiittoii. 'riailin.n- Wild Bean. .S'. aiuiHlosa Ell. S. E. along
sliorp, and on tlie islands of Lake Erie, and sliore of Lake ^licliigan at South Haven,
]j. ]l. Uailoy; liolie Isle, O. A, Farwell. Probably not much farther north, and not
found in the interim-.
MEIBOMIA Heist. Des.mourm Desv.
^l.^l."). M. bracteosa (Miclix.) Kuntze. Large-bracted Tick-trefoil. Desmodium cus-
pidalum Hook, llubbardston ; Flint; Ann Arbor; ^lacomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright;
Alma. I'sually on oak land. I'^recjuent. C. & S.
*l;{l(i. M. Canadensis (L.) Kunt/e. Showy Tick-trefoil. Desmodium Canadense DC.
llubbardston, and probably father X.; Flint; Ann Arbor, Allmendinger Cat. and Winch.
Cat. I'Mowers (>arly. Fre(|uent. Th.
1317. M. canescens (L.) Kuntze. lloarv Tick-trefoil. Drsinodium caneftccm DC.
Ann Arbor. Allmeiid. Cat.; S. West, Wripht. Cat. Eare. S.
*'131S. M. Dillenii (Darl.) Kuntze. Dillen's Tick-trefoil. Desmodium DiUenii Dar-
lington. Dak woods. Hubbardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; S. ]Mich., Wriglit Cat.; Mont
Lake, Miss Clark. Freijuent. C. & S.
*1311). M. grandiflora (Walt.) Kuntze. Pointed-leaved Tick-trefoil. Desmodium
(leumi)iatiim DC. \\oodland.s. Very common. C. & S.
1320. M. lUinoensis (A. Gray) Kuntze. Illinois Tick-trefoil. Desmodium IlUnoense
A. Gray. L'liixcrsity cauipus. Ann Arbor; White Pigeon, W. .1. B. ; S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
*132i. M. Marilandica (L.) Kuntze. Small-leaved Tick-trefoil. Desmodium Mar-
ilandieum F. Boott. l)rv hills; Ionia, and southward; near Park Lake, Clinton Co.,
VV. J. B.; Orion. <). A. Farwell. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1.322. M. Michauxii Vail. Prostrate Tick-trefoil. Desmodium rutundifoUum DC.
Hubbardston: Ionia; Flint; South Haven; Macomb Co.; Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.;
Orion. O. A. Farwell. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1323. M. nudifiora (L.) Kuntze. Naked-flowered Tick-trefoil. Desmodium nudi-
fforum DC. Crystal Lake, Montcalm Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright. Cat.
Common. C. & S.
1324. M. obtusa (Muhl.) Vail. Hairy Small-leaved Tick-trefoil. Desmodium ciliare
DC. Dr. W right. Pvare. S.
*1325. M. paniculata (L.) Kuntze. Panicled Tick-trefoil. Desmodium paniruhitum
DC. Oak woods. Hubbardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; Alma; South Haven; S. IVlich.,
Wright's Cat. Frequent. C. & S.
*132(i. M pauciflora (Nutt.) Kuntze. Few-flowered Tick-trefoil. Desmodium jxiuei-
flonim DC. :\lont Lake, Miss Clark in Winch. Cat. Rare. S.
1327. M. rigida Ell. Kuntze. Rigid Tick-trefoil. Desmodium rif/idum DC. Hub-
bardston; Flint; Macomb Co.; Ann Arbor and S. W., Winch. Cat. Infrequent. C. & S.
1325. M. sessilifolia (Ton.) Kuntze. Sessile-leaved Tick-trefoil. Desmodium
sessilifoJium T. & Ci. Michigan, A. Gray; S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; University Herb.,
Wiles, Ames; C>reen\ille; Rochester, 0. A. Farwell. P.are. S.
LESPEDEZA I\Iichx.
132!). L. augustifolia ( Pursh") E\\. Xarrow-leavod Jiusli-clover. Sandy fields. In-
fre<iuent. C. & .s.
*1330. L. capitata ^liclix. Round-headed Bush-clover. Abundant in old fields; pre-
fers light sand. Common. C. & S.
*1331. L. frutescens (L.) Britton. Waiul-likc Bush-clover. //. Stuvci intermedia
S. Watts. L. retieuldta S. Wats. Gray's Manual; Britton and Brown; Orion and
Detroit, O. A. Farwell; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. S.
*1332. L. hirta (L.) Ell. Hairy Bush-clover. L. poli/stoehija yiiehx. Common. C. & S.
1333. L. Nuttallii Darl. Xultall's ]5usli-clover. Britton and Brown.
1334. L. procumbens Michx. Trailing Bush-clover. S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
1335. L. Stuvei Xutt. Stuve's Bush-clover. Winchell Cat.; Gray in ^Manual.
Rare. S.
*133(i. L. violacea (L.) Pers. Bush-clo\er. Ann Arbor, Jliss Clark; S. W., Wright;
Rochester, O. A. Farwell; Vestabiug, C. A. Davis. Infrequent.
1337. L. Virginica (L.) Britton. Slender iiush-clover :Munitli, G. H. Hicks; Nor-
vell, C. F. Wheeler; Orion, O. A. Farwell.
94 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
VICIA L.
*1338. V. Americana AJiihl. Ann Arbor; Ionia; .Montcalm Co.: N. to Lake Superior;
Whitmore Lake, C. A. Davis. Spreads rapidiv in ('., alonj^ railroads and highwaj's
and acts like an immigrant. Th.
1339. V. angustifolia Roth. Smaller "S'etcli. T. sfitira (niiiiixtlf(jrni Ser. Kewee-
naw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1340. V Caroliniana Walter. Drv soil. Common. C. & S.
134L V. Cracca L. Cow Vetch. ' S. Midi.. Wright Cat.: Ann Arbor, Prof; M. W.
Harrington; Alma. C. A. Davis, Rare or local.
1342. V. sativa L. Common Vetch. Tare. Detroit. Dr. Lyons: Springwells, Henry
Gillman; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell: Alma. Infrequent.
LATHYRlJS L.
1343. L. maritimus (L.) Bigel. Beach Pea. All around the Great Lakes, but sel-
dom seen in the interior. Sliore of Higgins Lake. G. H. Cannon. Th.
1344. L. myrtifolius Muhl. Myrtle-leaved Marsh Pea. L. /to lust lis nij/rtifoUiis
A. Gray. Infrequent. Th.
*1345. L. ochroleucus Hooker. Hillsides and dry uplands. Keweenaw Co., O. A.
Farwell; Alma, and southward. Infrequent. Th.
*1346. L. palustris L. Ann Arbor; Ionia; Bay Citv. Antrim Co.; Alma; Petoskey
to L. Sup. Th.
1347. L. venosus Muhl. Ionia Co.: Clinton Co.: Flint: ^Macomb Co.: Ann Arbor;
\'estaburg. Northward to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. iiifre(|uent. Th.
FALCATA Gniel. .Ampiiicakpaea Fli.
*1.348. F. comosa (L.) Kuntze. Hog Pea-nut. Amph'icnriKixt inunoUa Ell. Fields
and woods. Common. Th.
*1349. F. Pitcheri (T. & G.) Kuntze. Pitcher's Hog Pea-nut. Awiihicarpaea PitchcTi
T. & G. Moist woodlands. Hubbardston. C. F. Wheeler; Lenawee Co., W. J. B. ; Man-
istee, F. P. Daniels; Alma, Whitmore Lake, C. A. Davis.
APIOS :\roenf]i.
*13.50. Apios Apios (L.) ;Mac.M. (Jioundiiut. .1. /(//>r/-o.sY; :\foench. Common. C. & S.
GERANIACE.E J. St. Hil. Geranium Family.
GERANIUM L.
1351. G. Bicknellii Britton. Bicknell's Crane's-bill. Thunder Bay Island. Alpena
Co., C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., O. A. I^arwell.
*1.352. G. Carolinianuin L. Carolina Crane's-bill. Macomb Co.: Clinton Co.; Alma.
Rare in S. & ('., abundant in vicinitv of FarwoII. Clare Co.. thence X. to L. Superior.
Th.
13.33. G. columbinum L. Long-stalked Craiics-hill. (irand Detour, T. C. Porter.
*13r)4. G. maculatum L. Wild Crane's-bill. Canivia to Florida. T. & G. Common.
C. & S.
135.5. G. molle L. Harbor Springs, Hon. G. L. Maurice.
*1.35G. G. pusillum Burni. f. Sinall-flowered Crane's-bill. Flint. Dr. Clark; Benzie
(^o., W. J. B.; Constantine, C. F. Wheeler: St. Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge: Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Adventive.
1.357. G. Robertianum L. Herb Robert. Fnt-in-Bay. Lake Erie; Montcalm Co.;
Saginaw Bay; Mackinac, and Dnimmond's Is.. Winch. Cat.; L. Sup. Whitney's Cat.;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; island near Algonac, C. K. Dodge. Common around
the Great Lakes, but seldom seen in the interior.
1358. G rotundifolium L. Round-leaved CVane's-bill. Britton & Brown.
ERODIUM Filer.
1359. E. cicutarium (L.) L'Her. Stork's-bill. Alfilarilla. Oceana Co.; Ionia Co.;
Kalamazoo; Port Huron. C. K. Dodge. Xot vet common.
REAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 95
OXALIDACE^ hunU. Wood-Sorrel Family.
OXALIS I..
l;5(J0. 0. Acetosella \.. Coiiiinnn Woodsonol. Maconil) Co.: 1,. Sup. and north-
ward, A. (Iiay. IJaif in S. Peninsula. Tii.
13(il. 0. corniculata J^. Koclicstor. (). A. Farwell.
13()2. 0. cymosa Snuill. Tall Yellow Wood-soncl. Mai(|Ufltc Co.. Burt's MS..
Rochester, (.). A. Karwell. Soutluvard. Common.
*l'M>:i. 0. stricta L. CiJiij^ht Yellow Wood-.sorrel. Marquette southward. Common.
l;i()4. 0. violacea L. \ iolet Wood-sorrel. Winchell Cat.; S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
Rare. S. E.
LINACEiE Dumoit. Flax Family.
LINUM 1..
13(ir). L. humule .Mill, iicllc Islo. raic. (). A. I'arwell.
1300. L. medium (Planch.) Jirilton. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Belle Isle, 0. A.
Farwell.
1307. L. striatum Walt. Ridged Yellow Flax. S. W.. H. S. Pepoon.
1308. L. sulcatum Riddell. (Grooved Y'ellow Flax. Dr. Wright; University Herb.
Rare. S.
1300. L. usitatissimum J^. Common Flax. Dr. Clark, and Dr. Wright; Keweenaw
Co., (). A. l-aiwcll ; .Mma, C. A. Davis. Escaped from cultivation. Infrequent.
^*1370. L. Virginianum J,. Wild Yellow Flax. Ann Arbor, Dr. Lyons; S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Lenawee Co., O. F. Couistoek. Infrequent. S.
RUTACEiE Juss. Rue Family.
XANTHOXYLUM h.
*137I. X. Americanum .Mill. Xortheni Prickly i\sh. Toothache-tree. Everywhere
along streams and on low ground. L. P.
PTELEA L.
*1372. P. trifoliata L. Hop-tree Shrubby Trefoil. Very abundant on the low,
rocky islands in the western end of Lake Erie, and frequent alonii river banks and
the shore of the Great Lakes. Occurs in the interior as far north as ^Montcalm Co.
Does not occur at Flint, and is not mentioned in Dr. Cooley's MS. Cat., but is given
in Dr. Wright. .Mnia. .\nn Arb<n-, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
SIMARUBACEiE DC. Ailanthus Family.
AILANTHUS Desf.
1373. A. glandulosa Desf. Iree-of-Heaven. Port Huron. C. K. Dodge: Detroit,
O. A. Farwell.
POLYGALACEiE Reiclionb. Milkwort Family.
POLYGALA L.
1374. P. ambigua Xutt. Loose-spiked Milkwort. /'. rtrticilliita ciniliiiiini Wood.
Y'psihinti. .Mrs. Luev Osband: Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
1373. P. cruciata L. S. .Midi.. Wright Cat. Rare. ^ 8.
137(). P. incarnata L. Pink Milkwort. Port Huron, Walpole Island, C. K. Dodge.
Rare.
*L377. P. paucifolia Willd. i'inwering Wintergieen. Fringed Polygala. Common
on pine land. Th.
96 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
"^'1378. P. polygama Walt. Sandy soil. Ionia, Clinton and ]\Iontcalm Counties;
Gras.s Lake, \'estabuig, C. A. Davis. Southward. Abundant near Quinnesec, Menom-
inee Co., E. J. Hill. Th.
*1379. P. Senega L. Seneca Snakeroot. Alma, C. A. Davis; Bav Co., G. M. Brad-
ford; near Detroit, 0. A. Farwell. Th.
1380. P. Senega latifolia Torr. & Gray. Hubbardston; Flint; Ann Aibor, C. A.
Davis. Rare. Th.
*1381. P. verticillata L. Whorled Milkwort. Flint; Macomb Co.; Wayne Co. Com-
mon in some places, rare in otheis.
■■T382. P. viridescens L. Turple Milkwort. P. sanguinca L. Belding; Ionia; Flint;
Macomb Co.; Grass Lake. \\'hitniore Lake, C. A. Davis. Local, but usually abundant
when found at all. C. & S.
EUPHORBIACEiE J. St. Hil. Spurge Family.
ACALYPHA L.
1383. A. gracilens A. Grav. Slender Three-seeded Mercury. A. Tirf/inicn f/racilens
Muell. Detroit, Dr. D. Clark.
*I384. A. Virginica L. Three-seeded Mercurv. Open woods. Yariable. Common.
Th.
EUPHORBIA L.
1385. E. commutata Engelm. I'inted Spurge. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Flint.
Infrequent.
*1386. E. corollata L. Flowering Spurge. Sandy soil. Frequent. C. & S.
*1387. E. Cyparissias L. Cypress Spurge. Escaped from cultivation. Frequent.
*1388. E. Esula L. Leafly Spurge. Escaped from cultivation.
1389. E. glyptosperma Engelm. Ridgc-seeded Spurge. Escanaba, Marquette, C. F.
Wheeler.
1390. E. Helioscopia L. Sun Spurge. Common at Detroit, Dr. A. B. Lyons; St.
Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Mackinac Island, O. A. Farwell.
1391. E. hirsuta (Torr.) Weigand. Hairy Spurge. E. Jujpericifolia hirsuta Torr.
Clair Co., C. K. Dodge: Mackinac Island, O. A. Farwell.
1392. E. humistrata Engelm. Hairy Spreading Spurge. Flint, Dr. D. Clark: St.
Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*'T393. E. maculata L. Spotted Spurge. Roadsides and fields, everywhere.
1394. E. Nicaeensis All. Nicaean Spurge. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge
*1395. E. nutans Lag. Upright Spotted Spurge. E. Preslil Guss. Cultivated soil,
and waste places. Detroit. Dr. A. B. Lyons; Ionia; Grand Rapids. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1396. E. obtusata Pursh. Belle Isle, rare, O. A. Farwell.
*1397. E. Peplus L. Petty Spurge. Grand Rapids, H. C. Skeels; Olivet, H. L. Clark.
1398. E. platyphylla L. Broad-leaved Spurge. Macomb Co.; "along the Great
Lakes," A. Gra_\' ; J^ake Huron, Dr. Todd.
1399. E. polygonifolia L. Knotweed Spurge. Sandy shores of the Great Lakes.
South Haven, L. H. ]^>ailcy; Fort Gratiot. Winch. Cat.; Roscommon and Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis. Frc(|Ufnt. Th.
1400. E. serpyllifolia Pers. Thyme-leaved Spurge. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
CALLITRICHACEiE Liiidl. Water-Starwort Family.
CALLITRICHE L.
1401. C. bifida (L.) Morong. Northern Water Starwort. 0. (niliiiuiKiliM L. Flint,
Dr. Clark; L. Suix-rior, A. Gray; Alma, C. A. Davis; Sault de Ste. ]\Iarie, T. Morong.
1402. C. palustris L. Water Starwort. Water I^nnel. C. rrrnci L. Ponds, Macomb
Co., Cooley; Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell: Norwav, E. J. Hill: Alma, C. A. Davis.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLuRA. 97
EMPETRACEiE Dumort. Crowberry Family.
EMPETRUM J..
1403. E. nigrum I.. Uhirk Ciowbenv. Wliitnoy Cat. Pictured Rocks. G. IT. Hicks.
U; P.
LIMMANTHACE^ Lindl. False Mermaid Family.
FLOERKEA Willd.
*1404. F. proserpinacoides Willd. False Mermaid. Ionia: llubbardston : Flint;
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Not rare but usually overlooked.
ANACARDIACE^ Lindl. Sumac Family.
RHUS L.
1405. R. aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumach. It. ('anadensift Marsh. Less frequent
than other members of the genus. Found chiefly on bluffs and sandy hills through
the middle counties of the L. P. "N. to the Saskatchawan," Torr. & Gr.; Saginaw
Co.. Washtenaw Co., C. A. Davis. Th.
*1406. R. copallina L. Dwarf Sumach. Abundant in the pine country on light
soil. C. & S.
*1407. R. glabra L. Smooth Sumacli. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Verv common
in C. Th.
1407a. R. glabra borealis Britten. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1408. R. hirta (L.j Sudw. Staghorn Sumach. R. tijphina L. Alma. Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
1409. R. pubescens (Mill) O. A. F. Northern Poison Oak. R. Toxicodendron
quercifoUd Michx'. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*1410. R. radicans L. Poison, climbing or Three-leaved Ivy. Poison Oak. L. P.
1411. R. Rydbergii Small. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1412. R Toxicodendron L. Tall-climbing, often to tops of forest trees; stems
occasionally several inches in diameter. Th.
*1413. R. Vernix L. Poison Sumach. Poison Elder. R. venenata DC. Common
in swamps. Green Lake, G. Traverse Co. and southward. L. P.
ILICACEiE Lowe. Holly Family.
ILEX L.
*1414. I. verticillata (L.) A. Graj'. Black Alder. Winterberry. Low grounds. Th.
ILICIOIDES Dumont. Nemopanthes Raf.
*141,5. I. mucronata (L.) Britton. Mountain Holly. Nemopanthrx fnxcicularis Raf.
Borders of swamps. S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Ionia Co.; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis;
Montcalm Co.; Flint; Macomb Co., and northward. Frequent. Th.
CELASTRACE^ Lindl. Staff-tree Family.
EUONYMUS L.
*1416. E. atropurpureus Jacq. Wahoo. Burning Bush. Low river banks. \Vell
distributed, but nowhere very common. C. & S.
*1417. E. obovatus Nutt. Strawberry Bush. E. Aiiicricdinis ohobaliix 'W & G. Trail
ing. Common. C. & S.
CELASTRUS L.
*1418. C. scandens L. \\'a.K-work. Climbing Bittersweet. Frequent. Th.
13
98 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
STAPHYLEACE^ DC. Bladder-nut Family.
STAPHYLEA L.
*1419. S. trifolia L. American Bladder-niit. Marquette Co., and southward, Burt.
Frequent along river banks in L. P. Th.
ACERACEtE J St. Hil. Maple Family.
ACER L.
*1420. A. Negundo L. Box Elder. Ash-leaved Maple. Th. Nepnndo neeroides
Moench. River banks. A small tree. West of Lake Superior, and north to Saskatche-
wan Valley. !Macoun in Candian Cat. Frequent in Grand River Valley; escaped from
cultivation in St. Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge; Belle Isle, Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Th.
*1420a. A. nigrum ;Michx. Black Sugar Maple. A. saccharimim nigrum T. & G.
Common. C. & S.
1421. A. Pennsylvanicum L. Striped Maple. Abundant in U. P. Whitney; com-
mon at Petoskey, and occasional as far S. on the Huron shore as Alcona Co., Winchell
Cat.; in the interior as far as Houghton Lake. N. & U. P.
1422. A. platanoides L. Norway Maple. Banks of Huron River, Ypsilanti, 0. A.
Farwell. Introduced from Europe.
*1424. A. rubrum L. Red or Swamp Maple. On low ground and along streams.
Very common. Th.
*1425. A. saccharinum L. Silver Maple. A. dasycarpum Ehrh. Low ground along
rivers. Common. C. & S.
*1426. A. Saccharum Marsh. Rock or Sugar Maple. A. saccharinum Wang. Fre-
quent in the V. P., and abundant in the lower, forming extensive gi'oves, either alone
or in connection with beech. Th.
*1427. A. spictatum Lam. Mountain Maple. Common in U. P.; Alcona Co., Winch.
Cat.; Crystal Lake, Montcalm Co.; Alma, C. N. & U. P. •
HIPPOCASTANACEiE T. & G. Buckeye Family.
AESCULUS L.
1428. AE. glabra Willd. Ohio Buckeye. Fetid B. Lenawee Co., W. J. B.-, Washtenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell, and probably in other localities in the southern tier of counties. S
1429. -AE. Hippocastenum L. Horse-chestnut. Escaped from cultivation. St. Clair
Co., C. K. Dodge; Washtenaw and Wayne counties, O. A. Farwell.
BALSAMINACEiE Lindl. Jewel-weed Family.
IMPATIENS L.
*1430. I. aurea Muhl. Pale Touch-me-not. /. pallida Nutt. Macomb Co.; Ionia
Co.; Sugar Is.. Winch. Cat.: Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Much rarer than the next. Th.
*1431. I. biflora Walt. Spotted Touch-me-not. I. fulva Nutt. Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Southward.
RHAMNACEiE Dnniort. Buckthorn Family.
RHAMNUS L.
•1432. R. alnifolia L'Her. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Common. Th.
*143.3. R. cathartica L. Buckthorn. Escaped from cultivation. Lansing, and very
likely in other portions of the state.
REAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 99
CEANOTHUS L.
*1434. C. Americanus L. New Jersey Tea. lled-rool. Sandy woods, rarely on
beech and maple land. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Frequent.
1435. C. ovatus Desf. Smaller Ked-root. East shore L. Huron, E. Ont. and L.
Sup., Can. Cat.; Cheboygan Co., li. & K.; Alcona Co.; (hayling; Oscoda; Manistee, F. P.
Daniels.
VITACE^ Lindl. Grape Family.
VITIS L.
143G. V. aestivalis Michx. Summer Crape. Sturgis. V. P. Daniels.
*1437. V. bicolor Le Conte. Winter Grape. Lyons; Stanton; Crystal Lake; Mont-
calm Co.; Flint; Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; S. Mich., Wright
Cat. Infrefiucnt. C. & S.
1438. V. cordifolia Alichx. Frost Grape. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels.
*1439. V. Labrusca L. Northern Fox-giape. Muskegon, W. J. B.
1440. V. rotundifolia Michx. Rochester, O. A. Farwell.
*1441. V. vulpina L. Riverside Grape. ri[>aria Michx. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels.
Common along our rivers; infrequent in the pine region, where V. bicolor ia very
abundant. Th.
PARTHENOCISSUS IMnnch. i ^l
*1442. P. quinquefolia (L.) I'laucli. N'irgiriia Creeper. American Ivy. Ampelopsis
quiiKiiifff/liii Mielix. Conimoii. Th.
144;i. P. quinquefolia laciniata (I'lancli.) li. ritdcca A. S. Hitchcock. Frequent.
1444. P. quinquefolia hirsuta (Doiin.) Torr. & (!ray. Bald-head Park, Saugatuck,
C. F. Wheeler; Belie Isle, U. A. Farwell.
TILLAGES Juss. Linden Family.
TILIA L.
*1445. T. Americana L. Basswood. Linden. Abundant in C. & S., common in
Emmet Co., and frecjuent in U. P., "especially in Ontonagon Valley," Whitney Cat. Th.
MALVACEiE Neck. Mallow Family.
ALTHAEA L.
1446. A. officinalis L. Harsh -Mallow. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Detroit, O. A.
Farwell.
MALVA L.
*1447. M. Alcea L. European Mallow. .Adventive at the Agricultural College; Man-
istee, F. P. Daniels.
*1447a. M. crispa L. Curled ^Mallow. 17. verticillata crispa L. Flint, Dr. Clark;
Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*1448. M. moschata L. Musk Mallow. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A.
Davis. Southward. Not rare.
*1449. M. rotundifolia L. Common Mallow. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Alma,
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Southward. Common. Th.
*1450. M. sylvestris L. High Mallow. Occasional. L. P.
SIDA L.
1452. S. hermaphrodita (L.) Husby. \'irginia Mallow. .S'. Napaca Cav. Kala-
mazoo, R. R. track. Tuthill. Rare. S.
1453. S. spinosa L. Prickly Sida. Britton and Brown.
100 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
ABUTILON Gaeitn.
*14.54. A. Abutilon (L.) Rusby. Velvet-leaf. A. Avicennae Gaert. Roadsides and
river banks. Verj' common in places, and, along with Datura Stramonium, forming
regular thickets. Alma, Ann .\r1)or, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
HIBISCUS L.
14/55. H. Moscheutos L. Swamp Rose-mallow. Monroe; Flint; Put-in-Bay, Lake
Erie; St. Joseph, V. ^^'illoughbv; Detroit, D. H. Campbell; Saugatuck, Tuthill. Rare.
C. & S.
*145(). H. Trionum L. Bladder Ketmia. South, Dr. Wright; Ann Arbor, Winch.
Cat.; Flint; Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Rare.
HYPERICACE.E Lindl. St. John's-wort Family.
HYPERICUM L.
•1457. H. Ascyron L. Great St. John's Wort. South Haven; Ann Arbor; Ft.
Gratiot; Macomb Co.; Ionia; Stanton; Hubbardston; Alma; Crystal Lake; Flint;
Ontonagon River, Whitney Cat.; Grand Rapids, Sones; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
Occurs at wide intervals and in small patches. Th.
1458. H. boreale (Britton) Bicknell. H. Cunadense boreale Britton. Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1459. H. Canadense L. Canadian St. John's-wort. Ann Arbor, Miss Clark; L. Sup.,
A. Gray; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Carp River, Porter; Alma. Infrequent.
1460. H. ellipticum Hook. Ann Arbor. Miss Clark; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
Carp River, T. C. Porter. Infrequent.
1461. H. Kalmianum L. Kalm's St. John's-wort. Along the lakes; more common
northward. Manistee. F. P. Daniels; Fort Gratiot, Winch. Cat.; Petoskey; Port Austin,
■C. A. Davis; S. W.. H. S. Pepoon. Th.
*1462. H. maculatum Walt. Spotted St. John's-wort. Common. Th.
*1463. H. majus (A. Gray) Britton. Larger Canadian St. John's-wort. H. Cana-
dense nut jus A. Grav. St. Clair Co., Focrstc; Flint; Fruitport and Old Mission, E. J.
Hill; L. Sup., A. Gray. Vcstaburg. Th.
*1464. H. mutilunj L. Dwarf St. John's-wort. Common. Th.
*1465. H. perforatum L. Common St. John's-wort. Ionia; Flint; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell. Iiifiequent.
*1466. H. prolificum L. Shrubby St. J. A low, compact shrub. Frequent from C.
Southward. Tli.
SAROTHRA L.
1467. S. gentianoides L. Pine wood. Jli/iitricinn iiKdioauIe Walt. Ypsilanti. 0.
A. Farwell.
TRIADENUM Raf. Ei.odea Pursh, not Michx.
*1468. T. Virginicum (L.) Raf. Marsh St. John's-wort. Elodea camuanulata
Pursli. Common. Th.
CISTACEiE Lindl. Rock-rose Family.
HELIANTHEMUM Pers.
*1469. H. Canadense (L.) Michx. Frost-weed. Frequent. Th.
1470. H. majus (iv.) B. S. P. Hoary Frcst-weed. Vestaburg, Davis and Wheeler;
Muskegon, W. J. B.; Fife Lake, Alpena, C. F. Wheeler; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
HUDSONIA L.
1471. H. tomentosa Nutl. False lleathor. Shores of Great Lakes, A. Gray; S.
Mich., Winch. Cat.; L. Sup.. Can. Cat.; Oscoda. Frequent. Th.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN B^LORA. 101
LECHEA L.
1472. L. intermedia Lego;ett. J.ai^ri'-poddcd Piii-wecd. Port Huron. C. K. Dodge;
Bay Co., G. .AI. Bradford.
1473. L. minor J.. Thyme-leaved I'iii-wccil. I'oititc au\ I'iiis. Lake Superior, Daw-
son; All Sable. W. J. B.; St. Clair Co.. ( . K. l)u.l-e.
1474. L. stricta Leggett. Prairie I'iii-wecd. JA)\\er falls of the Alenoininee River,
C. F. Wheeler. •
*1475. L. villosa Ell. Hairv Pin-weed. /.. itinjor IMiehx. Common on poor soil
C. & S.
VIOLACEiE DC. Violet Family.
VIOLA L.
*1477. V. arenaria D C. Sand ^'iolet. Sandy land. Crawford Co., W. J. B.
*1478. V. blanda Willd. Sweet White Violet. Low ground. Common and variable.
Th.
*147fl. V. Canadensis L. Canada Violet. Abundant on beech and maple land, but
seldom, or ne\ er found under oaks. 'i'h.
*1479a. V. cuculata Ait. Marsh Blue A'iolet. V. afflnifi Le Conte. F. obliqua Hill.
Very common. Th.
i479a. V. crassula Greene. Near Jackson. E. L. Greene.
1480. V. cuspidata Greene. Ctica in Macomb Co.. W. S. Cooper.
1481. V. emarginata (Nutt.) Le Conte. Triangle-leaved Violet. Munith, G. H.
Hicks; Muskegon. W. .1. B.; Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1482. V. firabriatula J. E. Smith. Y. omta Nutt. S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Very rare.
Asm Arbor, (irand Itajjids, C. F. Vv'heeler; Bay City, G. M. Bradford; Detroit, O. A.
Farwell.
*1483. V. Labradorica Schrank. American Dog \iolet. V. cuninu Muhlenhergii
Traut. Common. Th.
1484. V. lanceolata L. Lance- leaved Violet. \V. Harrisville, Glade Pt.; Kalkaska
Co.; Roscommon Co.: L. Sup.; Belle Jsle, O. A. Farwell; Vestaburg, C. A. Davis.
1484a. V. Le Conteana Don. T. hhinda amoena (Le Conte) B. S. P. Towar's swamp,
near Lansing; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; shores of Barron Lake, Cass Co.; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell.
1484a. V. nodosa Green. Marengo, ^lich. F. L. Greene.
*1485. V. palmata L. Early Blue Violet. Dry to moist woods. Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis.
148oa. V. papilionacea Ph. Hooded Blue Violet. Very common.
*148(;. V. pedata L. Bird-foot \'iolet. Common on light sand; our finest species
N. to British Am.: lat. 55°. Torr. & Gr.. Fl. N. Am. Th.
148(ia. V. peramoena Greene. ^Marengo. E. L. Greene.
*14S7. V. pubescens Aiton. Downy Yellow Violet. Beech woods. Common. Th.
*1488. V. pubescens eriocarpa (Sciiw.) Nutt. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*14S9. V. renifolia A. Gray. Kidney-leaved Violet. V. hlunda renifoUa A. Gray.
Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell, Gratiot Co., C. A. Davis.
*1490. V. rostrata Pursh. Long-spurred' Violet. Well distributed and frequent.
Alma, Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. C. &■ S.
1491. V. rotundifolia Michx. Round-leaved Violet. Sugar Island, Winch. Cat.;
Michigan, A. Gray. U. P.
1492. V. sagittata Aiton. Airow-leaved ^'iolet. Rare in some sections, common
in others. Howard City and Baldwin, ^^'. J. B. ; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
*149.'3. V. scabriuscuia (T. & G.) Schwein. Smoothish Yellow Violet. Y. pubescens
scrabiiisculd T. & G. Frequent.
1494. V. Selkirkii Pursh. Great-spurred Violet. Gillman; A. Gray; Keweenaw Co.,
O. A. Farwell. U. P.
1495. V. septentrionalis Greene. S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
149(i. V. sororia ^\■illd. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*1497. V. striata Aiton. Pale Violet. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis. Southward. Common. Th.
1498. V. Rafinesqueii Greene. Field Pansy V. tenella 'SUM. Croswell, W. W. Wier;
Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
1499. V. tricolor J>. Pansy. Heart's-ease. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
1500. V. villosa ^\■alt. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
102 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
CALCEOLARIA Loefl. Solea Spreng. Iomdium Vent.
*1501. C. verticillata (Ort.) Kuntzp. Xoddinor Violet. Green Violet. Solea concolor
Ging. Hubbardston ; Ann Arbor, AUm. Cat. Scarce and local. Near Grand Rapids.
Miss E. J. Cole. C. & S.
CACTACEiE Lindl. Cactus Family.
OPUNTIA Mill.
1502. 0. humifusa Raf. Western Prickly Pear. O. Rnfincsiiilii Engelm. Common
in Newaygo Co. along the Muskegon River. Cedar Creek Tp.. :Muskegon Co., C. F.
Wheeler; and a stunted variety on sand barrens near Greenville, J. Satterlee; also,
northward into British Am., Engelmann.
THYMELEACEvE Reichenb. Mezereon Family.
DIRCA L.
*1503. D. palustris L. Leather-wood. ZVIoo^e-wood. Woods. The tough bark used
for thongs by Indians. Ann Arbor. Winch. Cat.; South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Alma,
C. A. Davis, and northward. Frequent. Th.
ELAEAGNACEiE Lindl. Oleaster Family.
LEPARGYRAEA Raf. Shepherdia Nutt.
*I504. L. Canadensis fT..) Greene. Canadian Buflfalo-berry. Shrpherdia Canadensis
Nutt. Gravelly banks. "On the western islands in Lake Erie." Dr. D. Coolev; Ann
Arbor, Winch. Cat.; South Haven. L. H. Bailey; Flint, and northward. Abundant at
Petoskey. A common short shrub, L. Superior, "V^liitnev Cat.; Benton Harbor, C. F.
Wheeler. Th.
LYTHRACEiE Lindl. Loosestrife Family.
DECODON Gmelin.
*1505. D. verticillatus (L.) Ell. Swamp Loosestrife. Crystal Lake. Montcalm Co.;
Flint; Birmingham, Oakland Co.; South Haven; Orion; Grass Lake; Fife Lake, farthest
station north known. Infrequent. L. P.
LYTHRUM L.
1506. L. alatum Pursh. Near Detroit, Cooley MS., O. A. Farwell; S. Mich., Wright
Cat.; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Bay, Tuscola and Huron Counties, C. A. Davis. Maiden,
Detroit River, — Maclagan Canadian Cat. O. A. Farwell
1507. L. Salicaria L. Purple Loosestrife. Detroit to Bay City, Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge.
MELASTOMACEiE R. Br. Meadow-Beauty Family.
RHEXIA L.
1508. R. Virginica L. Doer-grass. ]\luskegon, C. D. McLouth; S. W., H. S.
Pepoon.
ONAGRACEiE Dumort. Evening-primrose Family.
ISNARDIA L. LuDwiniA L.. in part.
1500. L palustris L. 'Marsli Purslane. Liidwif/ia pahiftfris EH. Water Purslane.
Common. L. P.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 103
LUDWIGIA L.
1510. L. alternifolia L. Seed-box. Dr. \Viiglit; near Detroit. Dr. Cooley; Bear
Algonac, C. K. Dod-e; S. \V., H. S. Pepoon. S. W.
1511. L. polycarpa Short & Peter. Dr. Pitcher and Dr. Clark. St. Clair Co., A. F.
Foerste, C. K. Dodge. C. & S.
CHAMAENERION Adans. EPTLOinuM L., in part.
*1512. C. angustifolium (L) Scop. Great Willow-herb. Epilobinm spicatum. Lam.
E. angustifoliiDn L. Great Willow Herb Fire-weed. Springs up abundantly where for-
ests have been burned over, hence one common name.
1512a. C. angustifolium canescens (Wood.) Treloase. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
EPILOBIUM L.
1513. E. adenocaulon Haussk. Northern Willow-herb. Trclease, Revision of
Epiiobium, p. 9'->. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Frequent.
*1514. E. coloratum ]\luhl. Purple-leaved Willow-herb. Common. Th.
1515. E. Hornemanii Kcichenb. Hornman's Willow-herb. Upper Wisconsin and
Michigan. A. Gray. U. 1'.
*151U. E. lineare Muhl. Linear-leaved Willow-herb. Ilubbardston; Flint; Alma;
Stanton, and north to L. Sup. Infrequent in C. and lare or not at all in S.
1517. E. palustre L. IMarsh Willow-herb. Frequent in swainps.
1518. E. paniculatum Nutt. Panicled Willow-herb. Britton and Brown.
*1519. E, strictum jMuhl. Soft \\illow-herb. Hubbardston; Flint; Ann Arbor;
Macomb Co., Alma; northward to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Karwell. Frequent.
ONAGRA Adans. CEnotiiera L., in part.
*1520. 0. biennis (L.) Scop. Common Evening Primrose. Oenothera biennis L.
Common. Th.
1521. 0. Oakesiana (A. Gray.) Britton. Oakes Evening Primrose. Oenothera
biennis Oakesiana A. Gray. Shores of the Great Lakes.
OENOTHERA L.
1522. 0. laciniata Hill. 0. sinuata L. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell. Rare.
1523. 0. rhombipetala Nutt. S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
KNEIFFIA Spacli. CExoTHERA L., in part.
1524. K. fruticosa (L.) llaimann. Common Sundrops. Oenothera fruticosa L.
Palo, Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; Ann Arbor, Allmend. Cat.; Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell. i'h.
1525. K. pumila (L.) Spach. Small Sundrop. Oenothera putniJa L. Ontonagon
Falls, Whitney Cat.; So. Mich., Wr. Cat.; Oscoda, shore Lake Huron. Infrequent. Th.
HARTMANNIA Spach. CE.\othera L., in part.
1526. H. speciosa (Nutt.) Small. Showy Primrose. Bay City, G. M. Bradford.
GAURA L.
1527. G. biennis L. Biennial (.^aina. Dr. Wright. ]\Ialden, Ont., Maclagan, Cana-
dian Catalogue. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1528. G. coccinea Pursh. Scarlet (iaura. White Pigeon. W. J. B.
CIRCAEA L.
*1529. C. alpina L. Smaller Enchanter's Nightshade. \\ oods. Common. Th.
*15.30. C. Lutetiana L. Enchanter's Nightshade. ^A'oods. \e\v common. Th.
104 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OP SCIENCE.
HALORAGIDACEiE Kl. & Garcke. Water-Milfoil Family.
HIPPURIS L.
1531. H. vulgaris L. Mare's tail. L. Sup.. Can. Cat.; S. Mich., Wright Cat.;
Keweenaw Co.. 0. A. Farwell; Black River, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Escanaba. E. J.
Hill. Rare. Th.
1532. H. vulgaris fluviatilis Hart. Keweenaw peninsula. Robbing; Indian River,
Cheboygan Co., C. F. Wheeler.
PROSERPINACA L.
*1533. P. palustris L. ]\Ierinaid-Weed. In swamps along with Alopecurus aristu-
latus and Ludwigia palustris. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.;
Ann Arbor, Huron, Tuscola, Alpena Counties, C. A. Davis.
MYRIOPHYLLUM L.
1534. M. alterniflorum DC. St. Clair River, ^V. S. Cooper: Bay Co.. G. M. Bradford.
1535. M. Farwellii IMorong. Farwell's Water-Milfoil. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
1536. M. heterophyllum Miehx. Loose-flowered Water-]\Iilfoil. Fruitport, E. J.
Hill; Huron R. at Ypsilanti, Lyons; ]Macomb Co., Cooley; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
Rare.
*1537. M. spicatum L. Spiked Water-Milfoil. Abundant, L. Sup., Can. Cat.;
Black Lake. Cheboygan Co.. B. & K. ; Pine Lake. Ingham Co. Common. Th.
1538. M. tenellum Bigelow. Slender Water-Milfoil. Grav"s Manual.
*1539. M. verticillatum L. ^Aliorled Water-Milfoil. liubbardston; Flint: Macomb
Co.; S. Mich., Wright Cat. Common. L. P. Ann Arbor, Alma, C. A. Davis.
ARALIACE^ A^ent. Ginseng Family.
ARALIA L.
*1540. A. hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsaparilla. Wild Fldei-. In a peat bog near the
Agricultural College; also on dry clay soil, lot 21, Collegeville, Ingham Co.; Wash-
tenaw Co.. Alma. C. A. Davis. Apparently not common south of the pine region.
*1541. A. nudicaulis L. Wild Sarsaparilla. Alma. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Com-
mon. Th.
*1542. A. racemosa L. Spikenard. Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co., O. A.
Farwell; Roscommon. Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Frequent. Th.
1543. A. spinosa L. Spreading from Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
PANAX L.
*1544. P. quinquefolium L. Ginseng. Aral in (/nhiquefoUa Decsne. & Planch. Sault
Ste. IMarie; Ludington; Stanton, formerly in great abundance; Hubbardston; Flint;
Macomb Co.; soutliwest. Wright Cat. Th.
1545. P. trifolium L. Dwarf Ginseng or Ground-nut. Aralia trifolm Decsne. &
Planch. Frequent northward to Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Th.
UNBELLIFERiE B. Juss. Corrot Family.
DAUCUS L.
1546. D. Carota L. Wild Carrot. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; near Grand Rapids, G. D. Sones.
ANGELICA L. Archa.vget.ica Hoffm.
*1547. A. atropurpurea L. Great-purple-stemmed Angelica. Alma, occasional in
S., common in C. & X.; also L. Sup. Can. Cat. Th.
154.S. A. villosa (Walt.) B. S. P. A. liiravffi Muhl. Emmet Co., Winch. Cat.;
Pontiac; Detroit. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Dry banks and open woods. Infrequent.
L. P.
HEAL OX MICHIGAN F1.ORA. 105
CONIOSELINUM lloirui.
*1549. C. Chinense (L.) 13. S. P. Hemlock Parsley. Ann Arbor. All. Cat.; Macomb
Co.; Flint; Ihibbardston and north. C. F. Wheeler. Infrequent. Th.
OXYPOLIS Kaf. Tiedemannia DC.
*1550. 0. rigidus (Ij.) Britton. Cowbano. Tiedcmannia rigida Coult. & Rose. Hub-
bardston; Ann Arbor, All. Cat. Not much N. of lat. 4.3. Infrequent. C. & S.
HERACLEUM L.
*1551. H. lanatum Miclix. Low ground. Common. Th.
PASTINACA L.
*1552. P. saliva L. Wild Parsnip. Fields. Infrequent. Th.
IMPERATORIA L.
1553. I. Ostruthium L. Masterwort. IMuskegon, C. D. McLouth.
POLYTAENIA DC.
1554. P. Nuttallii DC. Dr. Wright, also A. Gray. Rare. S.
FOENICULUM Adans.
1555. F. Foeniculum (L.) Karst. Fennel. Ballast grounds, Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
THASPIUM Nutt.
1556. T. barbinode (^liehx.) Nutt. Hairy-jointed Meadow Parsnip. Jackson, S. H.
Camp.
1557. T. trifoliatum (L.) Britton. Purple IMeadow Parsnip. Confined to the two
southern tiers of counties.
1558. T. trifoliatum aureum (Nutt.) Britton. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
ERYNGIUM L.
1559. E. aquaticum L. Button Snakeroot. '/-,'. i/iiccacfolium ]\lichx. White Pigeon,
1838, Dr. ^■\■right, in University Herb; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
Rare. S. W.
SANICULA L.
*15(i0. S. Canadensis J^. Short-styled Snakeroot. S. Marylandica Cauadcnsls Torr.
Hubbardston: Flint; Ann Arbor; All. Cat.; Alma. Beech and maple woods. Infre-
quent. C. & S.
*1561. S. gregaria Bicknell. Clustered Snake-root. Alma, C. A. Davis; Agricultural
College, C. F. Wheeler; Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*15C2. S. Marylandica L. Black Snake-root. Oak woods. Common. Th.
15(53. S. trifoliata Bicknell. Larse-fruited Snake-root. Alma, C. A. Davis and
C. F. Wlieeler.
TAENIDIA Drude. Pimpinetxa L., in part.
*1564. T. integerrima (L.) Drude. Yellow Pimpernel. Pimpinella intcf/crrima A.
Gray. Dry soil. Very abundant in Grand-Saginaw Valley. Th.
CHAEROPHYLLUM L.
*15Gr-. C. procumbens (L.) Crantz. Sj^reading Chervil. Low woods. Frequent in
Granr" River Valley; Vallev of the Raisin River near Dundee, C. F. Wheeler; Macomb
Co. C. & S.
14
106 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
WASHINGTONIA Raf. Osmorrhiza Eaf.
*1566. W. Claytoni (Michx.) Britton. Woolly Sweet-oicely. Osmoii-hiza brevistylis
DC. The prevailing species, Winchell; probably true of counties along the Huron shore.
Cheboygan Co., B. & K. ; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Common. Th.
*1567. W. longistylis (Torr.1 Britton. Smootlier Sweet-Cicely. Osmorrhiza longi-
stylis DC. Alma, C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Common. Th.
CONIUM L.
*1568. C. maculatum L. Poison Hemlock. St. Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge. Infrequent
in C. & S. Common at Mackinac, Winch. Cat.
SIUM L.
*1569. S. cicutaefolium Gmel. Water-Parsnip. Clinton Co.; S. Mich., Winch. Cat.;
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Frequent. Th.
ZIZIA Koch.
*1570. Z. aurea (L.) Koch. Golden iMeadow-Parsnip. Low ground. Common. Th.
1571. Z. cordata (Walt.) DC. Heart-leaved Alexanders. Flint; Put-in-Bay and
S. W., Dr. W right; Barron Lake, Cass Co., C. F. Wheeler. Rare. C. & S.
CARUM L.
1572. C Copticum (L.) Benth. Ballast grounds. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*1573. Carui L. Caraway. Naturalized in many places.
CICUTA L.
*1574. C. bulbifera L. Bulb-bearing Water Hemlock. Swamps. Common. Th.
*1575. C. maculata L. Spotted Cowbane. Beaver Poison. Musquash Root. Th.
DERINGA Adans. Cryptotaexia DC.
*1576. D. Canadensis (L.) Kuntze. Hornwort. Criipiotnenia Canadensis DC. Low
woods. Common. C. & S.
BERULA Hoffm.
1577. B. areata (Huds.) Coville. Cut-leaved Water Parsnip. B. an gtisti folia Mert.
& Koch. Wincliell, and A. Gray; Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. Infre-
quent. S.
HYDROCOTYLE L.
*1578. H. Americana L. American ^Marsh-Pennvwort. Common in C; Alma, C. A.
Davis. L. P.
*1579. H. umbellata L. Umbellate Marsh-Pennywort. Woodward Lake, Ionia Co.;
S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Alma. C. A. Davis. Either grows on sandy shores or is wholly
aquatic with floating leaves.
ERIGENIA Nutt.
•1580. E. bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. Harbinger of Spring. Common. C. & S.
CORNACE^ Link. Dogwood Family.
CORNUS L.
•1581. C. altemifolia L. f. Alternate-leaved Cornel. Banks. Frequent. The dead
stems bright yellow. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Rare in Cheboygan Co., B. & K.;
Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Th.
*1.582. C. Amomum Mill. Silky Cornel. Kinnikinnik. C. sericca L. Near Detroit,
O. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Frequent. C. & S.
158.3. C. asperifolia Michx. Rough-leaved Dogwood. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell;
Homer, C. F. Wheeler.
liP]AL ON MICHIGAN B^LORA. 107
*1584. C. Baileyi CuiilLor &. K\aii.s. ]5ailqy's Conu-1. Petoskey, New BufTalo, C. F.
Wheeler; abundant along- K. slioro of Lake iMichij^an on sand dunes, occasional in Che-
boygan Co., B. & K.; Kowoonaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1585. C. candidissima Mill. Panicled Cornel. Common. L. P.
*158G. C. Canadensis L. Dwarf Cornol. Bunch-berry. Rare south. Constantine,
C. F. Wheeler; .\nn Arbor, Ti. D. Sones. Northward very common. Th.
1587. C. circinata L'Hcr. Round-loaved Do.ufwood. Klinjjer Lake; Hubbardston to
Cheboygan Co.. P.. & K.: Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis and northward to Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwoll. liifre()uont. Th.
*15S8. C. florida L. Flowering Dogwood. Frcciuent as far north as Grand-Saginaw
Valley, usually as a low tree in oak woods. C. & S.
*1589. C. polygama Raf. C. purpuri Koehne. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Detroit,
O. A. Farwell.
1590. C. stolonifera .Miclix. IJcKl-osicr. Dogwood. Marshes, borders of streams.
Very coniiiion. Th.
NYSSA L.
*1591. N. sylvatica Marsh. Popperidge. Tupelo. Sour-Gum Tree. Frequent. Alma,
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. L. P. Judges of swamps. Frequent.
PYROLACE.^ Agardh. Wintergreen Family.
PYROLA L.
1502. P. asarifolia Michx. J^iver-leaf ^^■illt('rgro(•ll. /'. rot inuli folia amrifolia
Hook. The C'o\o. J^. Huron, Winch. Cat.
1593. P. chlorantha Swartz. Oroenish-Howercd Wintergreen. Pine woods. Alma.
Rare south of lat. 4:!. Fre(|uent northward. C. N. & N. R. R.
*1594. P. elliptica Nutt. Siiin-loaf. Rich woods. Ann Arbor; Ionia Co.; northward
to L. Superior. Common. Th.
1595. P. minor T>. Lesser Wintergreen. Cold woods, L. Superior, A. Gray. L. P.
*1596. P. rotundifolia L. R lund-leaved Wintergi-een. Dry oak woods. Common. Th.
*1597. P. secunda L. One-sided Wintergreen. Rich woods. Common. Th. P.
secunda pnviihi A. Gray. Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Oscoda; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.;
Escanaba, E. J. Hill; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
1598. P. uliginosa Torr. Bog Wintergreen. P. rotiindifoUa^iUginosa A. Gray. L.
Superior, Prof. J. INIacoiin; Quinnesec, E. J. Hill; Livingston Co.. Alma, C. A. Davis;
Keweenaw Co., O. A. J'"arwell; Cholioygan Co., Beardslee.
MONESES Salisb.
1599. M. unitlora (L.) .\. Gray. One-Howcred Wintergreen. M. graluUilora. S. F.
Gray. Pine forests. Montcalm (^o. ; Flint.: Indian River. Wheeler; Clarkston, G. H.
Hicks; Fort Gratiot, Winch. Cat.; cedar swamps, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell; Escanaba, E. J. Hill. Rare. Th.
CHIMAPHILA Pursh.
1000. C. maculata (L.) Pursh. Spotted Wintergreen. Oak woods. Ionia: Bangor
and Soulli Haven, \an Buren Co.; Flint. Rare or local.
*T001. C. unibellata {\j.) Nutt. Pipsissewa. Prince's Pine. Pine woods. Common.
Til.
MONOTROPACEiE LindL Indian-pipe Family.
PTEROSPORA Nutt.
1602. P. Andromedea Nutt. Giant Bird's-nest. Pine Drops. Sitting Rabbit. Winch.
Cat.; Carp River, U. P., Whitney Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell; East Tawas;
Elk Rapids.
MONOTROPA L.
*1G03. M. uniflora L. Indian Pipe. Corpse Plant. Damp woods. Frequent. Th.
108 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
HYPOPITYS Hill.
*1604. H. Hypopitys (L.) Small. Pine-saj). Monotropa Hypopitys L. Oak and
pine woods. ^Macomb Co., Ft. Gi-atiot. Austin, to Ontonagon River, L. Superior, Whit-
ney Cat.; Cheboygan Co., cedar swamp and hard woods, rare, B. & K.; Grayling, Hicks;
Escanaba, E. J. Hill. Infrequent.
ERICACEiE DC. ' Heath Family.
LEDUM L.
*1605. L Groenlandicum OEder. Labrador Tea. L latitolium Ait. Swamps and
bogs. Common northward.
KALMIA L.
1606. K. angustifolia L. Sheep Laurel. Lambkill. Wicky. Harrisville, west to
Portage Lake; Tawas Cit}' and Thunder Bay, common. Winch. Cat.; CraMford Co.
1607. K. glauca Ait. ' Pale Laurel. Bogs. S. Mich., Wright's Cat.; Ionia Co.;
Macomb Co.; Crawford Co.; Long Lake, Cheboygan Co.; ]\Ianistee, F. P. Daniels; Bay
Co., G. M. Bradford. Rare. B. & K. Northward. Infrequent. Th.
1608. K. glauca rosmarinifolia Pursh. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
ANDROMEDA L.
*1609. A. Polifolia L. Wild Rosemary. Sphagnous swamps, S. ]\Iieh., Wright's Cat.;
Ionia Co. and northward. Frequent. Th.
XOLISMA Raf. Lyoxia Nutt.
*1610. X. ligustrina L. Biitton. Privet-Andromeda. Andromeda liyiifitrina ]Muhl.
Keweenaw Pt., Di-. Robbins.
CHAMAEDAPHNE Jloench. Cassandra D. Don.
*1611. C. Calyculata (L.) Moench. Leather-leaf. Cassandra colyculata Don.
Swamps. Common. Th.
*
EPIGAEA L.
*1612. E. repens L. Trailing Arbutus. Borders of marshes, and woods in sandy
soil. Jackson, W. C. Hull; Niles, I. N. JMitchell. Rare S., frequent in C, and common
northward.
GAULTHERIA L.
*1613. G. procumbens Tj. Creeping Wintergreen. I^ow \\oo(ls and borders of swamps.
Common. Th.
ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Adans.
1614. A. Uva-Ursi (L.) Spreng.Bearberry. Sandy soil. Abundant northward, but
rare S. of lat. 43. Th.
VACCINIACEiE Li lid L Huckleberry Family.
GAYLUSSACIA H. B. K.
*1615. G. resinosa (Ait.) Torr. & Gray. Black Huckleberry. Hillsides. Fi-equent.
Th.
POLYCODIUM Raf. Vacci.nium L., in part.
1616. P. stamineum (L.) Greene. Deerberry. Taccinium stamineum L. Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 109
VACCINIUM L.
Kill. V. atrococcum '( A. (irav) Holler. Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell.
1018. V. caespitosum Michx. Slioies of Lake Superior and westward, A. Gray,
Fl. N. A.; i^yons. {'. &: P.
'IfilO. V. Canadense Kicliards. Canada 131ueberry. Swamps. Commonest species
in ('iiebo\ i,'-aii (n.. ]*>. iV K. Coninioii. 'I'll.
*l(i20. V. corymbosum L. Swamp l5lii('borry. 1'. rorymbosiini amoenum A. Gray.
Swainp.s. Yioldin;:- abundant Iv: variable. Counnoii. Tli. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well.
Hi'21. V. membranaceum Doug!. 'J'bin-leaved Bilberry. V. myrtiUmdes Hook.
Damp woods. I.,. Sui>orinr. A. Gray. Fl. N. A.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. U. P.
I(j22. V. nigrum (Wood) Rritton. Low Black Bluobcrry. Keweenaw Co., O. A.
Farwell.
102;?. V. ovalifolium .1. K. Smith. Oval-leaved Bilberry. W'ood^. L. Superior, S.
shore. Bobbins. V. V.
*1624. V. Pennsylvanicum Lam. Dwarf Blueberry. Dry lulls and barrens. The
lowest and earliest fruited of tiic blueberries. A. Gra3\ Very variable in color of
fruit. Coininon. Tli.
1025. V. Pennsylvanicum angustifolium (Ait.) A. Grav. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well.
1020. V. uliginosum L. Bog Bilberry. Shores of Lake Superior, A. Gray; Isle
Royale and Wlute l"i>li IM.. L. Superior, ilenry Billnian. U. P.
1027. V. vacillans Kalm. Low Blueberry. Alnia, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Bar-
rens. Infrequent. Th.
CHIOGENES Salisb.
*1028. C. hispidula (L.) T. & G. Creeping Snowberry. G. serpyllifolia Salisb.
S. iiicli.. \\'righfs Cat.; Ionia Co.; Alontcalm Co.; Petoskey, Roscommon, Alma, C. A.
Davis. Spbagnoiis swamps. Infrequent. Th.
OXYCOCCUS Hill. S( uoli.ek.^ Roth.
*1629. 0. macrocarpus (Ait.) Peis. Large CVanberry. Vaccinium niacrocurpon Ait.
Bogs. Tlie oommoii Cranberry of the market. Common. Tli.
*1630. 0. Oxycoccus (L.) Mac^l. Small Cranberry. Vaccinmm Oxycoccus L.
Sphagnous swamps. Ionia Co.; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Constantine, C. F.
Wheeler, and northward. Infreciuent.
PRIMULACE^Vent. Primrose Family.
PRIMULA L.
1031. P. farinosa L. Bird's-eye Primrose. Pictured Rocks, G. H. Hicks; shores
of Little Traverse F>ay; Drummond's Island, Winch. Cat.; L. Superior, Whitney Cat.;
Keweenaw Co., (). A. I''arwell; Alpena, C. A. Davis.
*ie32. P. Mistassinica Miehx. S. E. University Herb; Lake Superior, Whitney Cat;
rocks, Grand licdge; I*resque Isle. Dr. Houghton; Eagle River, F. E. Wood. Rare.
ANDROSACE L.
lG3:i. A. occidentalis I'ursii. .Viidrosacc. Niles. Ralph Ballaid.
SAMOLUS L
*1G34. S. floribundus H. B. K. ^^'ater Pimpernel. .S'. Vrtlerandi Americonus A.
Gray. Springy places. Common along Maple Kiver; Flint; Alma; Macomb Co.;
N. W., University Herb.
LYSIMACHIA L.
103.5. L. Nummularia L. .M(»nevwurt. Escaped from cultivation. Monroe Co.,
C. F. Wheeler; \ psilanti, (). A. Farw'ell; Alma, Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis.
1030. L. producta {A. Gray) Fernald. L. stricta prodiicta A. Gray. In Herb.
Grav from Mich.. L. H. Bailev; Alma. C. A. Davis.
110 MICHIGAN ACADEMY .OF SCIENCE.
1637. L. quadrifolia L. Crosswort. Sandy soil. Ann Aibor, Winch. Cat.; Ionia
Co.; Montcalm Co.; Flint; ^Macomb Co.. Alma; nortlnvard to, Oscoda Co. L. P.
*1638. L. terrestris (L.) B. S. P. Bulb-bearing l.oosestrife. L. stricta Ait. Borders
of marshes. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Hubbardston, C. F. ^^Tieeler.
STEIRONEMA Raf.
*1639. S. ciliatum (L.) Raf. Fringed Loosestrife. Swamps. Common. Th.
1640. S. lanceolatum (Walt.) A. Gray. Lance-leaved Loosestrife. Howard City,
W. J. B,; Detroit. 0. A. Farwell; low grounds, Cheboygan Co.. B. & K.
*1642. S. quadriflorum (Sims) Hitchc. Prairie ' :Money wort. .9. lonpifolium A.
Gray. Banks of streams. Ann Arbor and Ft. Gratiot. Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co.; Flint.
Frequent. L. P.
NAUMBERGIA :\Ioencli.
*1643. N. thyrsiflora (L.) Dnby. Tufted Loosestrife. LyfimuchUi tlujr.^iflora L.
Tufted Loosestrife. Swampy soil. Alma, Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Common.
TRIENTALIS L-
*1644. T. Americana (Pers.) Pursh. Star-flower. Damp woods. Common. Th.
ANAGALLIS L.
1645. A. arvensis L. Common Pimpernel. Ann Arljoi'. Mary H. Clark; St. Clair,
C. K. Dodge; Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
DODECATHEON J..
1646. D. Meadia L. Shooting Star. Moist, shaded grounds, A. Gray, Dr. A. B.
Lyons; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
OLEACEiE Lindl. Olive Family.
SYRINGA L.
1647. S Persica L. Persian Lilac. Keweenaw Co., Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
1648. S. vulgaris L. J^ilac. Keweenaw Co.. Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell. Escaped from
cultivation.
FRAXINUS L.
*1649. F. Americana L. White Ash. Common. Th.
*1650. F. lanceolata Borck. Green Ash. F. riridis :\!ip}i.\. f. Alma. C. A. Davis;
Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; and northward. Rare.
*1651. F. nigra Marsh. Black Ash. F. sanibucifolia Lain. Common. Th.
*1652. F, Pennsylvanica Marsh. Red Ash. /'. pubescanfi Lam. Low grounds.
Ionia Co.; S. Mich., ^V■rigllt. (Jat.; Drummond's I., Winch. Cat.; along Black River,
Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell Scarce.
*1653. F. quadrangulata Mich.x. Blue Ash. Rich woods. infr('(|ii<iit. Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis; Lenawee Co., \\". J. B.
GENTIANACE^ Dumort. Gentian Family.
ERYTHRAEA Neck.
*1654. E. Centaurium (L.) Pers. Centaury. Agricultural College "grounds, L. H.
Bailey. The only locality known in the State.
SABBATIA Adans.
1655. S angularis (L.) Pursh. Marshes, Cass Co., Univ. Herb., 1838; Goguac
Lake, near Battle Creek, V. M. Spalding; S. Mich., Wright's Cat.; Berrien Co., E. F.
Smith. Rare.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. Ill
GENTIAN A L.
*1656. G. Andrewsii Griesb. Closed Gentian. River banks. Frequent.
*1657. G. crinata Froel. Fringed Gentian. Low grounds, Lenawee Co., G. F. Com-
stock; Ann ArlK)r, Alma, C. A. Davis, Winch. Cat.; South Haven, L. H. Bailey; Mack-
inac, Whitney ; Ionia Co. Frequent. Th.
*IG58. G. detonsa Rottb. Saniller Fringed Gentian. <1. srnfita Gunner. Tama-
rack swanij)s. Frp(iuent. Th.
1G59. G. flavida A. Gray. Yellowish Gentian. O. alba A. Gray. Low meadows
and bord'.Ts nl" woods. Ionia Co.; Clinton Co.; Ann Arbor and S. W., Winch. Cat.;
to L. Superior. Rare or local.
16fi0. G. linearis Frool. Narrow-leavod Gentian. A. latifolia A. Gray. Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwoii; Escanaba, C. F. Wheeler. Creek bottoms.
*166L G. puberula Miclix. Downy Gentian. Barrens. Ann Arbor. Miss Clark, Miss
Allmendinger. Rare. S.
1662. G. quinquefolia L. Stiff Gentian. Moist liillsides. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.;
Ionia Co. Occasional. C. & S.
1663. G. quinquefolia occidentalis (A. Gray) A. S. Hitchcock. Lenaw^ee Co., G. F.
Comstock; Ann Arbor. Winch. Cat.; Hubbardston; Macomb Co. Infrequent.
1664. G. rubricaulis Schwein. Rcd-.stemmed Gentian. G. litwaris lanceolata A.
Gray. Pt. au Cliene, L. ]Mich., Winch. Cat.; low ground near Black Lake, Cheboygan
Co., B. & K.; Minnesota and along L. Superior, A. Gray. N. & U. P.
1665. G. Saponaria L. Soapwort Gentian. ^loist woods. Macomb Co.; S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; St. Clair, C. K. Dodge. Infrequent. S.
FRASERA Walt.
*1666. F. Carolinensis Walt. American Columbo. .lackson Co., and westward.
Winch. Cat.; Ann Arbor, Miss Clark; Constantine, Three Rivers, C. F. WTieeler; Ingham
Co., W. J. B.; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; Addison, 0. C. McLouth; Lenawee Co., G. F.
Comstock; Grand Rapids; ]\Iacomb Co.; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Scarce. C. & S.
TETRAGONANTHUS G. Gmel. Halenia Borck.
1667. T. deflexus (J. E. Smith) Kuntze. Spurred Gentian. Halenia deflexa Griseb.
Shore of Little Traverse Bay, near Harbor Point; Drummond's Is. and St. Helen's
Is., Winch. Cat.; northward to Lake Superior; shore Black Lake, Cheboygan Co.;
Keweenaw Co.. <). A. Farwcll. Frequent.
1668. T. deflexus Brentonianus (Griseb.) Britton. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
BARTONIA Mulil.
•1669. B. Virginica (L.) B. S. P. B. tcnclla Willd. Open woods. S. Mich., Wright
Cat.; Algonac; Hubbardston; Flint; Grayling; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Grass Lake,
C. A. Davis. Rare.
MENYANTHACE.E G. Don. Buckbean Family.
MENYANTHES L.
*1670. M. trifoliata L. Buckbeam. Bogs. Th.
LIMNANTHEMUM Gmelin.
1671. L. lacunosum (Vent.) Griseb. Floating Hart. Keweenaw Pt., Dr. Robbios.
APOCYNACEiE Lindl. Dogbane Family.
VINCA L.
1672. V. minor L. Periwinkle. Occa.sionally escaped from cultiration.
112 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
APOCYNUM L.
*1G73. A. androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane. Borders of woods. Common.
Th.
*1674. A. cannabinum L. Indian Hemp. Low giounds. Exceedingly variable in
size, habit, shape of leaves, pubescence. Common. Th.
*1675. A. cannabinum glaberrimum UC. Belle Isle. 0. A. Farwell.
1676. A. hypericifolium Ait. Clasping-leaved Dogbane. Washington, Dr. D. Cooley;
Flint, Dr. D. Clark: St. Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge.
1677. A. Milleri Britton. JNliller's Dogbane. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1678. A. pubescens K. Br. ^'elvet Dogbane. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
ASCLEPIADACE^ Liudl. Milkweed Family.
ASCLEPIAS L.
1679. A. amplexicaulis J. E. Smith. A. obtiisifojia Michx. Baldwin. Lake Co.,
W. J. B.; Sturgis; Barron Lake. C. F. ^Vbeeler; Niies. 0. J. Stihvell. Rare.
*16S0. A. exaltata (L.) Muhl. Poke Milkweed. A. phytolaccoides Pursh. Moist
giounds. Ann Arbor; Ft. Gratiot, Winch. Cat.; Alma; Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.
Infrequent. C. & S.
*1681. A incarnata L. Swamp Milkweed. Banks of streams. Common. Th.
1682. A. pulchra Elnh. Hairy ^Milkweed. Hansen's Island. Algonac Co., J. W.
Stac^^
1683. A. purpurascens L. Purple Milkweed. Woods. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.;
Ionia Co.; Clinton Co.: Flint; Macomb Co.; Huron Co.; Tuscola Co. S. & S.
1684. A. quadrifolia .lacq. Four-leaved Milkweed. Ann Arbor, Winchell's Cata-
logue.
*1685. A. Syriaca L. Common Milkweed. A. Conititi Dee. Fields. Common. Th.
1686. A. SuUivantii Engelm. Sullivan's Milkweed. Walpole Island, C. K. Dodge;
Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis; Esserville, C. F. Wheeler.
*1687. A. tuberosa L. Butterfly-weed. Pleurisy-root. Sandy soil. Ranges from
Canada to Florida and from the Saskatcliewan Valley to Texas. Common.
1688. A. verticillata L. Whorled Milkweed. Barrens, S. Mich.. Wright Cat.; Mon-
roe Co., Grand Rapids, C. F. Wheeler; Washington. ]\lacomb Co., Dr. D. Cooley.
ACERATES Ell.
1689. A. Floridana (Lam.) Hitchc. Florida ]\Iilkweed. A. longifoUa Ell. South
Haven, L. H. Bailey; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Tuscola Co.,
C. A. Davis.
1690. A. viridiflora (Raf.) Eaton. Green Milkweed. C. & S. Grand Rapids, Geo.
D. Sones; Ft. Gratiot, Winch. Cat.; S. W.. Wright Cat.; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis;
S. W., H. S. Pepoon; Detroit. O. A. Farwell. Rare.
CYNANCHUM L. Vi.xcetoxicum Walt., in part.
*1691. C. nigrum (L.) Pers. Black Swallow-wort. Tinceto.vieuiti nigrum Moench.
Escaped from cultivation on College grounds. ^
CONVOLVULACEiE Vent. Morning-Glory Family.
CONVOLVULUS L.
1692. C. Americanus (Sims.) Greene. S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
*1693. C. arvensis L. Bindweed. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; Hubbardston;
College grounds, along C. & G. T. R. R. Spreading.
169.5. C. hederacea Wall. Chinese Morning glory. Bay City. G. M. Bradford.
*1696. C. repens L. Trailing Bindweed. C. sepium repeus A. Gray. Frequent.
*1697. C. sepium L. Hedge Bindweed. Low grounds. Common. Th.
1698. C. spithamaeus L. Upright Bindweed. Sandy fields. Local. Th.
1698a. C. stans Michx. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 113
IPOMOEA L.
1G99. I Pandurata (L.) Meyer. Wild Potato-vine. Man-of-the-Earth. Win. Cat.;
Niles, 1. N. Mitcliell; Coleman Cat.; Lenawee Co., W. J. B. Infrequent. S.
1700. I. purpurea (L.) lioth. Morning Glory Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Ypsilanti,
Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A. Davis; Ann Arbor. Escaped from cultivation.
CUSCUTACE^ Dumort. Dodder Family.
CUSCUTA L.
*1701. C. arvensis Bcyricli. Field Dodder. Lansing. C. F. Wheeler; Rochester,
W. S. Cooper.
*1702. C. Cephalanthi Engehn. Button-bush Dodder. C. tenniflora Elgelm. Maple
River Valley; Coli'man Cat.; on willows along Cedar River east of the College.
1703. C' Coryli Eiigelm. Hazel Dodder. C. inflcxn Engelm. Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge; Rochester and ^Mgonac, W. S. Cooper.
1704. C. Epithymum .Murr. Clover Dodder. Introduced at Sulem, with alfalfa seed.
*1705. C. Gronovii Willd. Gronovius' Dodder. Low grounds. Frequent. C. & S.
1706. C Polygonorum Engehn. Smart-weed Dodder. C. chlorocarpa Engel. S.
Haven, Mrs. Millington. S. & W.
POLEMONIACEiE DC. Phlox Family.
PHLOX L.
1707. P. bifida Beck. Cleft Phlox. Rare. Shores of Barron Lake; Klinger Lake,
the farthest station east known for this interesting plant, C. F. Wheeler. S. W.
*1708. P. divaricata L. Wild Blue Phlox. S. ^\'., H. S. Pepoon; woods and fields,
northward to Kingsley and Frankfort. Common. L. P.
1709. P. paniculata L. Garden Phlox. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Introduced.
1710. P. pilosa L. Downy Phlox. Dry, sandy fields, Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.;
Ionia Co.; Flint: Macomb Co. Infrequent.
1711. P. subulata L. Ground or jMoss Pink. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; shore of Bar-
ron Lake, C. F. Wiieeler; Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell. Common in cultivation.
HYDROPHYLLACEiE Li mil. Water-leaf Family.
HYDROPHYLLUM L.
*1712. H. appendiculatum Michx. Appendaged Water-leaf. Moist hillsides and
rich woods, northward to Frankfort. Fre(iuent. L. P.
*1713. H. Canadense L. Broad-leaved Water-leaf. Damp, rich woods. Frequent.
C. & S.
*1714. H. Virginicum L. Virginia W^ater-leaf. Rich woods. Frequent. C. & S.
PHACELIA Juss.
1715. P. Franklinii (R. Br.) A. Ciray. Franklin's Phacelia. "Shores of L. Supe-
rior, especially on Isle Royale," A. Gray and Dr. A. B. Lyons. U. P.
BORAGINACEiE Liiull. Borage Family.
CYNOGLOSSUM 1..
*1716. C. officinale L. Conimf)n Hound's-Tongue. Roadsides. Fre(]uent. Th.
*1717. C. Virginicum L. Wild Comfrey. Open woods. Coniins. Oscoda Co.: Esca-
naba, where it replaces C. oiiicinale as a weed, E. J. Hill. Frequent. Th.
15
114 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OP SCIENCE.
LAPPULA Moench. Echinospermum S\v.
1718. L. Americana (A. Gray) Rydberg. Nodding Stickseed. EchJnniii)ennum
deflexum Anirricainim A. Gray. Cheboygan Co., B. & K.
*1720. L. Lappula (L.) Karst. Stickseed. Echinospernium Lappula Lehm. A worth-
less weed along roadsides and in waste places. Th.
*1721. L. Virginiana (L.) Greene. Virginia Stickseed. Echinospennuvi Virginicum
Lehm. Woods. Frequent. Th.
MERTENSIA Eoth.
1722. M. paniculata (Ait.) G. Don. Tall Lungwort. Whitney Cat.; Gray; Kewee-
naw Co., 0. A. Farwell. U. P.
1723. M. Virginica (L.) DC. Virginia Cowslip. Lungwort. Blue Bells. Near
Adrian, :Mrs. I. H. Wheeler; S. E. of Grand Pvapids. G. D. Sones. Rare.
MYOSOTIS L.
1724. M. arvensis (L.) Lehm. Field Scorpion Grass. Lapeer. Mrs. M. Owen.
1725. M. laxa T>ehm. Smaller Forget-me-not. Lapeer, Mrs. M. Owen.
1726. M. palustris (L.) Lam. Escaped from gardens. Port Huron, M. Allenbruch.
*1727. M. Virginica (L.) B. S. P. Spring Scorpion Grass. M. verna Nutt. Winch.
Cat.; Coleman Cat.: Flint, Dr. Clark; Ann Arbor, I. N. Mitchell; shore of Park Lake,
Clinton Co., C. F. Wheeler. Rare. S.
LITHOSPERMUM L.
*1729. L. arvense L. Wheat-Tliief. Red-root. Corn Gromwell. In Wheat fields.
Introduced from the old world. Common. C. & S.
*1730. L. canescens (INlichx.) Lehm. Puccoon of the Indians. Sandy fields, Ann
Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co.; Macomb Co., and northward. Th.
*1731. L. Gmelini (Michx.) Hitch. Hairy Puccoon. L. liirtum Lehm. Light sand.
Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon.
*1732. L. latifolium Michx. American Gromwell. Borders of woods S. INIich., Winch.
Cat.; Ionia Co.; Flint; Bois Blanc and other islands in Detroit River; Maclagan, Cana-
dian Catalogue. Frequent. C, & S.
1732a. L. linearifolium Goldie. Narrow-leaved Puccoon. L. anfiustifolium ]\Iichx.,
not Forsk. Dr. A. B. Lyons; "Mich.," Gray's ]\Ianual; Port Huron. C. K. Dodge.
*1733. L. officinale L. Common Gromwell. Roadsides. Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis.
Infrequent. Th.
ONOSMODIUM IMichx.
1734. 0. molle Michx. Soft-haired False Gromwell. 0. Carolhtianinn moUe A.
Gray. Only noticed by Dr. D. Cooley, Macomb Co.
SYMPHYTUM L.
*1735. S. officinale L. Common Comfrey. Escaped from gardens. Infrequent.
BORAGO L.
173C. B. officinalis L. A weed in parts of St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
ECHIUM L.
1737. E. vulgare L. Blue- weed. Vulcan, E. J. Hill; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
VERBENACE^ J. St. Hil. Vervain Family.
VERBENA L.
1738. V. angustifolia Michx. Narrow-leaved Vervain. Dry grounds. Winch. Cat.
S.
1739. V. bracteosa Michx. Large-bractcd Vervain. Waste places. Coleman Cat.;
Kalamazoo, L. 11. Bailey; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Roscom-
mon Co., C. A. Davis.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 115
1740. V. bracteosa x stricta. No-.n Vmi lluion. C. K. l)o(l<,'c.
*1741. V. hastata l>. l5liio Veivian. Koadsides. Coiiimoii. Tli.
1742. V. hastata oblongifolia Nutt. V. urticifolia riparia (Raf.) Britton. A prob-
able liybrid between V. liastata and V. urticifolia. South of Marshall, where no other
speeie.s were lound excepUn<,' the two last named, W. J. B. ; Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
1744. V. officinalis L. Detroit. O. A. Farwell.
1745. V. stricta \ ent. IMuUAn-leaved \'ervain. Crand Rapids. II. C. Skeels; Port
Huron. C. K. J>id-e: Detroit. 0. A. Farwell.
*174f>. V. urticifolia L. White Vervain. Waste places. Common. 'Vh.
1747. V. urticifolia riparia (Raf. i r.rilton. Detroit. O. A. Farwell.
LIPPIA L.
174S. L. lanceolata Michx. Fog-fruit. Coleman Cat.; Niles, I. N. Mitchell; Algonac,
W. S. Cooper, s. ^^■.
LABIATiE B. Juss. Mint Family.
A JUG A L.
*]7')0. A. reptans L. iiugle. Bay City. (',. M. Bradford.
TEUCRIUM L.
*1751. T. Canadense L. American Germander. Wood Sage. I>ow grounds. Infre-
quent at Black Lake. Cheooygan Co., B. & K. Alma, Ann Arbor. C A. Davis. L. P.
1752. T. menthifolium Bickwell, Algonac, W S. Cooper; Alma, where the type was
collected.
1753. T. occidentalis A. Cray. Hairy Germander. Gaylord. G. L. Stewart.
SCUTELLARIA L.
1754. S. cordifolia iMuhl. Heart-leaved Skullcap. .Sf. n'r.sicolor Nutt. Banks of
streams. S. Mich., Wright Cat.
*1755. S. galericulata L. ]\Iarsh Skullcap. Alma, C. A. Davis. Low grounds. Com-
mon. Th.
'*175G. S. lateriflora L. Mad-dog Skullcap. Roscommon, Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Low grounds. Common. Th.
1757. S. parvula Michx. Small Skullcap. Ionia, E. F. Smith; islands east of
Georgian Bav, Bell, Can. Cat. Infrequent.
1758. S. 'pilosa Michx. Hairy Skullcap. S. W., Winch. Cat.; Gray's Manual, 6th
edition.
MARRUBIUM L.
*1759. M. vulgare L. Common Iloieliound. Roadsides, escaped from cultivation.
Ionia Co.; Flint; S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Port Austin; (jrand Traverse and Benzie
Counties. Frequent.
AGASTACHE Clayt. Lopiiantiius Benth.
*1760. A. nepetoides (L.) Kuntze. Catnep Giant-Hyssop. Lophanthus nepetoides
Benth. Low grounds. Ionia Co.; Flint; S. W., Wright Cat.; Grosse Isle, Miss Clark.
C. & S. Inireciuent.
1761. A. scrophulariaefolia (Willd.) Kuntze. Figwort. Giant-Hyssop. Lophanthus
scrophulaiaef alius Benth. Low ground.s. . S. Mich., Wright Cat.; Lenawee Co., G. F.
Comstock; Macomb Co.; Hubbardston. Infrequent. C. & S.
NEPETA L.
*17G2. N. Cataria L. Catnep. Near dwellings. Common. Th.
GLECOMA L. Nepeta L., in part.
*17G3. G. hederacea L. Gill-over-the-Ground. Nepeta Glvchoma Benth. Sparingly
escaped from culture. Flint; Grand Rapids, Coleman Cat.; Cassopolis; Alma; Ann
Arbor. C. & S.
116 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
DRACOCEPHALUM L.
17G4. D. parviflorum Xuit. American Dragon-head. This interesting plant was
first detected in the Lower Peninsula in June. 1878. when it was found in Roscom-
mon Co., south of Houghton Lake. Alcona Co.; Hubbardston, Ionia Co.; S. W., H. S.
Pepoon. Rare southward.
PRUNELLA L. Bbuxeli.a.
1765. P. vulgaris L. Common Self-heal or Heal-all. BrinieUa vulgaris L. "Bru-
nella" is not the correct name. Fields. Occasionally tlie flowers are white. Com-
mon. Th.
PHYSOSTEGIA Benth.
1766. P. Virginiana (L.) Benth. Wet grounds; varies greatly. Ann Arbor, Winch.
Cat.; S. W.. Wright Cat.; Alma; INIuir; Kalamazoo, L. H. Bailey; Flint, Dr. Clark,
northward to Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
GALEOPSIS L.
1767. G. Ladanum L. Red Henip-Nettle. Ft. Gratiot and Sault de Ste. Marie,
Winch. Cat.
1768. G. Tetrahit L. Common Hemp-Xettle. Rare in C. of the State.^ Abundant
at Mackinac, Winch. Cat.; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Alma; Harbor Spnngs, C. F.
Wlieeler. Th.
LEONURUS L.
*1769. L. Cardiaca L. Common [Motherwort. Waste grounds. Common.
LAMIUM L.
-1770. L. amplexicaule L. Dead Nettle. Naturalized in gardens. In fields west of
Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
1771. L. maculatum L. Escaped from cultivation. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
STACHYS L.
1772. S. aspera ZVIiehx. Rough Hedge Nettle. Alma, Ann Aibor, C. A. Davis. Wet
grounds. Infro(|uent. L. P.
*177.3. S. aspera glabra (iray. Rare.
1774. S. hyssopifolia Miclix. Hyssop Hedge Nettle. Wet grounds. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.: Stanton. E. .7. Quackonbush. Rare. Th.
177.5. S. palustris J^. I lodge Nettle. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
MONARDA L.
177(). M. didyma L. Bee-Balm. Oswego Tea. Rare in Michigan. Barron Lake,
C. F. Wheeler; Flint. Dr. Clark; s£: Clair Co., C. K. Dodge. S. W.
*1777. M. fistulosa L. Wild Bergamot. Sandy soil. Common. Th.
1778. M. media Willd. Purple Bergamot. Near Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
1770. M. mollis L. Pale Wild Bergamot. M. scabm Beck. Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge; Ypsilanti, Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell.
1780. M. punctata L. Horse-Mint. Sandy soil. S. ]\lich., Wright Cat.; S. Haven,
L. H. Bailey; Grand Haven. G. D. Sones. Infrequent. S.
BLEPHILIA Raf.
*178]. B. ciliata (L.) Raf. Dry ground. Ionia Co.; Ann Arbor, and Sault de Ste.
Marie, ^^incli. Cat. Scarce. Th.
*1782. B. hirsuta (Pursh.) Torr. Hairy Blephilia. Low woods. S. Mich., Wright
Cat.; Alma; Ionia Co. C. & S.
HEDEOMA Pers.
1783. H. hispida Pursh. Rochester. .0. A. Farwell.
*1784. H. pulegioides (L.) Pers. American Pennyroyal. Fields. Hubbardston;
Rochester; S. Mich.. \\ rigiit Cat.: [Macomb Co.: Lenawee Co.. W. .1. B. C. & S.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLOHA. 117
SATUREIA L.
1785. S. hortensis ].. Suimncr Savory. St. Clair (O. iioar Capac, C. K. Dodge.
CLINOPODIUM L. Calamintiia Moench.
178G. C. glabrum (Nutt.) Kunlze. Low Calainint. Calamintha Nuttallii Benth.
Druiiiinoiurs Island, and nortliwaid, common. Not seon in C. of the State; S. E.,
Wright Cat. ,:, t •
*i7S7. C. vulgare L. White Basil. Calamintiia Clinopodium Benth. Fields. Ionia
Co.; Fort Gratiot, Winch. Cat., and noithwaid to Lake Superior. Th.
HYSSOPUS ]v.
1788. H. officinalis L. Escaped from gardens. J^'lint; S. W., Winch. Cat.
KOELLIA .Moeucli. Pycxantiiemum ?»lichx.
'*178S). K. flexuosa (Walt.) iMac.M. Narrow-leaved Mountain-Mint. Pycnanthemum
linifoUiini Pursh. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
1790. K. Virginiana (L.) MacM. Virginia Mountain-Mint. Pycnanthemum lan~
ceohintnm Pursh. Low grounds. Ionia Co.; Flint; :Macomb Co.; S. W., H. S. Pepoon,
and southward. Frequent. C. & S.
THYMUS L.
1791. T. Serpyllum L. Creeping Thyme. Flint. Coleiiian Cat. llarely escaped from
gardens.
' *1792. T. vulgaris L. Common Thyme. College grounds.
LYCOPUS L.
*1793. L. Americanus .Mulil. Cut-leaved A\'ater Iloarhouiid. A/, sinuatus EIL Fre-
quent.
1793a. L. communis Bickiiell. Bugle-weed. Alma, Ann Aibor, C. A. Davis. IjOW
grounds. Common L. P.
1794. L. lucidus Jurcz. Western Water Hoarhound. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
1794a. L. Macrophyllus Benth. Thin-leaved Bugle-weed. L. membramicea Bicknell.
Keweenaw Co.. (). Farwell.
ITDlb. L. membranaceus Bicknell. Thin-leaved Bugle-weed. "Mich." Britton's Man-
ual.
179.5. L. rubellus :Moench. Water Hoarhound. Clinton Co.. E. F. Smith; St. Clair
Co., Brotherton: Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
MENTHA L.
1797. M. arvensis L. Coin ^liiit. Algonac, C. K. Dodge.
*1798. M. Canadensis L. Wild Mint. Low grounds. Common. Th.
1799. M. Canadensis glabrata Benth. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
1800. M. citrata Khrh. Bergamot Mint. Algonac, Walpole Island, C. K. Dodge.
*1S01. M. piperita J^. Peppermint. Along streams. Extensively cultivated in St.
Josei)li and Wayne Counties for the oil. Common. Th.
1802. M. sativa L. Marsh Whorled Mint. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels.
*1803. M. spicata L. Spearmint. M. rirUlis L. Roadsides. Escaped from culti-
vation. Frequent.
COLLINSONIA L.
*1804. C. Canadensis L. Stone-root. Kich-weed. Rich woods. Ionia Co.; Flint;
Detroit; Ann Arbor, and S. W.. ^^'in(■ll. Cat. I'requent. C. & S.
SOLANACEiE Peis. Potato Family.
PHYSALODES Itochm. Ntcaxuiia Adaiis.
*1805. P. physalodes (L.) Britton. Apple-of-Peru. yicandra phiiftalodcs Gaertn.
Gardens. Ann Arbor. Winch. Cat.; Flint; Ionia Co.; Detroit. 0. A. Farwell. Scarce.
118 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
PHYSALIS L.
1,S0(>. P. heterophylla Xces. Groimd-Clicnv. Detroit and Orion, 0. A. Farwell;
S. \V.. a. S. Pepoon.
1807. P. heterophylla ambigua (A. Gray) Rydberg. P. Yirginiana amhigiia A. Gray.
Belle Isle and Keweenaw Co.. (). A. Farwell.
1808. P. heterophylla nyctaginea (Dunal.) Rydberg. Howard City, W. J. B.; Barron
Lake. Ronald. C. F. Wlieeler.
ISO!). P. ixocarpa Brot. Tomatillo. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
""ISIO. P. lanceolata Michx. Prairie Ground- Cherry. Sandy soil. S. W., H. S.
Pepoon: Ionia Co.: Alma. Frequent. Th.
1811. P. Philadelphica Lam. Philadelphia Ground-CheiTy. Muskegon, C. D. Mc-
Louth; Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
1812. P. pubescens L. Low Hairv Ground-Cherrv. Naturalized in West Bav City,
G. M. Bradford.
*1813. P Virginiana Mill. Virginia Ground-Cheny. Light, sandy soil. Common. Th.
1814. P. Virginiana vulgaris Rydb. Grand Rapids, H. C. Skeels; Muskegon, W. J.
B.; White Cloud, C. F. Wheeler.
LEUCOPHYSALIS Rydberg.
1815. L. grandiflora (Hook.) Rydberg. Large \Miite-flowered Ground-Cherry.
Physalis grandiflora Hook. "Clearings." First collected in L. P. near Farwell, in
June, 1876, where it seemed to be at home. Near the mouth of the Au Sable River,
Iosco Co., June, 1878, C. B. Cochran; "S. shore of L. Superior," A. Grav; Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell; Escanaba, E. J. Hill; Indian River, C. F WTieeler. N." & U. P.
SOLANUM L.
*1816. S. Carolinense L. HorserNettle. Introduced from the southwest; Port Huron,
C. K. Dodge.
*18]7. S. Dulcamara L. Bittersweet. Nightshade. Becoming common, especially in
low land and swamps. C. & S.
*181S. S. nigrum L. Black Nightshade. Moist, cultivated fields. Common. C. & S.
*1S10. S. rostratum Dunal. Beaked Nightshade. Introduced from the southwest.
LYCIUM L.
•1820. L. vulgare (Ait. f.) Dunal. Matrimony Vine. Escaped from gardens in
places.
HYOSCYAMUS L.
1821. H. niger L. Black Henbane. JNIacomb Co.; Ft. Gratiot; Mackinac, abundant,
Winch. Cat.
DATURA L.
1822. D. Metel L. Ypsilanti and Detroit. 0. A. Farwell. Waste grounds. Rare.
*1823. D. Stramonium L. Common Stramonium, or Thorn-Apple. Alma, Ann
Arbor. C. A. Davis; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge. Roadsides. Frequent. C. & S.
n824. D. Tatula L. Purple Thorn-Apple. Flint; Macomb Co.; Berrien Co., H. S,
Pepoon; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. C. & S.
NICOTIANA L.
1825. N. rustica L. Wild Tobacco. Emmet Co., cultivated by the Indians, Winch.
Cat.
PETUNIA Juss.
182fi. P. axillaris (Lam.) B. S. P. AVhite Petunia. Waste places. Ypsilanti and
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 119
SCROPHULARIACEiE Lindl. Figwort Family.
VERBASCUM L.
*LS27. V. Blattaria I,. Motii Mullein. Roadsides. S. Midi.; Ionia Co.; Detroit;
Sturgis, F. t'. Daniels; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*1828. V. Thapsus L. (oniiiion .Mullein. Fields and roadsides everywhere, a com-
mon weed. Cuiti\ated in England under the Tuime of Aaron's Kod. Th.
CYMBAL ARIA Medic.
1829. C. Cymbalaria (L.) Wettst. Kenilwortli Ivy. Lake shore at Elk Rapids,
W. S. Cooper.
LINARIA Hill.
*1830. L. Canadensis (L.) Duniont. Wild Toad-Flax. R. shore of Saginaw Bay,
Wincli. Cat.; ])arrcns in Clare Co. Infrequent or wanting in C. and S. ]VIich. Grand
Rapids, G. D. Sones; Ann Arbor, Grass Lake, C. A. Davis.
*I831. L. Linaria (L.) Karst. Butter-and-Eggs. L. vulgaris Mill. Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis. Roadsides. Spreading from cultivation.
CTIAENORRfflNUM Reichb. Linaria Hill., in part.
1832. C. minus (!..) Lange. Linaria mino-r L. St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge; Detroit,
O. A. Farwell.
SCROPHULARIA L.
1833. S. leporella Bicknell. Hare Figwort. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Island Lake,
Vestaburg, C. F. Wheeler.
*1S34. S. Marilandica L. Maryland Figwort. »S'. nodosa Marylandica A. Gray. Rich
soil. Keweenaw Co.. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis, and
southward. Frequent. Tli.
CHELONE L.
•1835. C. glabra L. Snake-head. Borders of streams. Alma, Ann Arbor. C. A.
Davis. Frequent. Th.
PENTSTEMON Soland.
1836. P. canescens Britton. Beard-tongue. P. laevigatus canesccns Britton. De-
troit, O. A. Farwell.
1837. P. Digitalis (Sweet) Xutt. P. laevigatus Digitalis A. Grav. Near Adrian,
Mrs. I. H. "\Mieeler.
*1838. P. hirsutus fL.) Willd. Hairy Beard-tongue. P. pnhesccns Solander. Dry
soil. Ann Arbor. Winch. Cat.; to Mackinac, G. H. Hicks; Alma. Common. Th.
1839. P. Pentstemon (L.) Britton. Smooth Beard-tongue. P. laevigatus Soland.
Grand Rapids, Mrs. A. .T. Peters.
COLLINSIA Nutt.
1840. C. parviflora Dougl. Small-llowered CoIIinsia. "Shady, moist ground. Upper
Michigan," Gray. Fl. X. A.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1841. C. verna Nutt. Blue-eyed Mary. A beautiful little fall annual Avith blue and
white flowers. Moist woods. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; S, W., Wright's Cat.: Ionia
Co., and probably reaches its N. limits in Gratiot Co. C. & S.
MIMULUS L.
1842. M. alatus Soland. Sharp-winged Monkev-fh)wer. St)u-gis, F. P. Daniels,
S. W.
1843. M. Jamesii T. & G. James' Mimulus. Abundant at jMaekinac, Winch. Cat.;
"Upper Michigan." A. Gray; Petoskey; Hubbardston, Wheeler; Grayling, G. H. Hicks;
Comstock. Kalamazoo Co., Tuthill; rare southward; near Millers, Ind., Flora of Cook
Co., Illinois. Th.
1844. M. moschatus Dougl. Musk-flower. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*1845. M. ringens L. Monkey-flower. Wet places. Common. Th.
120 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
GRATIOLA L.
1846. G. Virginiana L. Clammy Hedge-Hyssop. S. Mich., Winch. Cat.; Keweenaw
Pt.. Dr. Bobbins. Rare.
• ILYSANTHES Raf.
1847. I. attenuata (:\Iulil.) Small. Detroit, O. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*184S. I. dubia (L.) Barnhart. I. gratioloides (L.) Benth. Long-stalked False
Pimpernel. Near Algonac, J. W. Stacey. Low grounds. Frequent. C. & S.
LIMOSELLA L.
1849. L. tenuifolia Hoffm. Xarrow-Ieaved IMudwort. L. aquatica temdfolia Hoff-
mann. U. P., Dr. A. B. Lyons.
SYNTH YRIS Benth. Wulfenia Greene not Jacq.
18.50. S. Bullii (Eaton) Barnhart. Wulfenia HongMonmna (Benth). Greene. Oak
barrens. S. Mich.. Wright's Cat.; Ionia Co., three miles S. of Saranac, probably reaches
here its N. limits; Barry Co., L. H. Bailey; Sturgis. F. P. Daniels. Rare.
VERONICA L.
■^851. V. agrestis L. Field Speedwell. Sandy fields. Coleman Cat.; and Flint.
Rare.
*1852. V. Americana Schweinitz. Aiuerican Brooklime. Brooks. Common. Th.
*1853. V. Anagallis-aquatica L. Water Speedwell. In springs and brooks. Frequent.
Th.
*1854. V. arvensis L. Corn Speedwell. Cultivated and waste grounds. Common.
Th.
1855. V. Byzantina (Sibth. & Smith) B. S. P. Buxbaum's Speedwell. F. Buxhaumii
Tenore. Waste grounds. Coleman Cat. Corunna, G. H. Hicks; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
*1856. V. Chamaedrys L. Germander Speedwell. Escaped from cultivation. Port
Huron, C. K. Dodge.
1857. V. o£ficinalis L. Common Speedwell. Dry hills. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.;
Alma. Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Scarce. S.
*1858. V. peregrina L. Neckweed. Purslane Speedwell. Moist grounds everywhere.
Common. Th.
*1859. V. scutellata L. :\Iarsh Speedwell. Swamps. Frequent. Th.
*1860. V. serpyllifolia L. Thyme-leaved Speedwell. Open grounds. Frequent. Th.
LEPTANDRA Nutt.
*1861. L. Virginica (L.) Xutt. Culver's-root. Veronica Virginiea L. Open w^oods.
Common. Th.
BUCHNERA L.
1862. B. Americana L. Blue-Hearts. Moist sandy ground. S. W. Wright Cat.;
Flint; Macomb Co., Coleman Cat. Infrequent. C. & S.
DASYSTOMA Raf. Gerardia L., in part.
*1863. D. flava (L.) Wood. Downy False Fox glove. Gerardia flava L. Open
woods. Frequent. C. & S.
1864. D. laevigata Raf. Entire-leaved False Fox glove. Ocrardia laevigata Raf.
Coleman's Cat.; Flint; Dr. Lyons. S.
*1865. D. Pedicularia (L.) Benth. Fern-leaved Fox glove. Gerardia pedicularia
L. Woods. Frequent. L. P.
*1866. D. Virginica (L.) Britton. Smooth False Fox glove. Gerardia qiwrcifoUa
Pursh. Oak woods. Frequent. C. & S.
GERARDIA L.
1867. G. aspera Dougl. Rough Purple Gerardia. "Plains and prairies, Mich.," A.
Gray's Manual.
18C8. G. auriculata Michx. Aurieled Gerardia. Wright Cat. Rare. S.
*1869. G. paupercula (A. Gray) Britton. Small-flowered Gerardia. G. purpurea
DEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 121
paupercitla A. Gray. Oakland Co.; sliore of Park Lake, Clinton Co., C. F. Wheeler;
St. Clair Co., W. y. Cooper.
1870. G. purpurea L. Purple Gerardia. Moist, sandy ground, near the Great
Lakes; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Orion, O. A. Farwell. LP.
1871. G. tenuifolia \al)l. Slender Gerardia. Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat., Macomb Co.
Rare.
*1872. G. tenuifolia asperula A. Grav. Lenawee Co., G. F. Comstock; Flint; Dr.
Clark.
CASTILLEJA Mutis.
*187.3. C. acuminata (Pursh.) Spreng. Lance-leaved Painted Cup. C. pallida
septentrional is A. Gray. Lake Superior, A. Gray; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. U. P.
*1874. C. coccinea (L.) Spreng. Scarlet Painted Cup. Wet and dry grounds.
Varies in color of bracts from scarlet to yellow. Common. Th.
EUPHRASIA L.
1875. E. Canadensis Townsend. Ecported along Lake Superior as E. officinalis
Tartariea.
PEDICULARIS L.
*1876. P. Canadensis L. Common Lousewort. Wood Betony. ]Moist banks and
woodlands. Conuuon. Th.
*1877. P. lanceolata ^Iichx. Swamp Lousewort. Swamjis. Frequent. Th.
RHINANTHUS L.
1878. R. Crista-Galli L. Yellow-Pvattle. "Lake Superior," A. Gray. U. P.
MELAMPYRUM L.
1879. M. latifolium Muhl. Broad-leaved Cow-Wheat. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*1880. ' M. lineare Lam. Narrow-leaved Cow-'Wheat. M. Americunum Michx. Sandy
woods. A form with broad, spear-shaped leaves is frequent. Common. Th.
LENTIBULARIACE^ Lindl. Bladderwort Family.
UTRICULARIA L.
*1881. U. cornuta ]\lichx. Horned Bladderwort. Shore of Pine Lake. Ingham Co.;
Point Sable. ^Nfason Co., C. E. St. John; Petoskev; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell; Alma, Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Th. "
*1882. U. gibba L. Humped Bladderwort. Old Mission, Grand Traverse Co., E. J.
Hill; shore of Park Lake, Clinton Co., C. F. Wheeler; Lenawee Co., G. F. Comstock;
Sturgis, F. P. Daniels. Rare. L. P.
1883. U. intermedia Hayne. Flat-leaved Bladderwort. Shallow water. Ann Arbor,
Winch. Cat.; Macomb Co.; Grand Rapids, Sones; northward to Black Lake, Cheboygan
Co., B. & K., and Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell; Alma. Infrequent. Th.
1884. U. minor L. Smaller Bladderwort. Shallow water. Detroit River, D. H.
Campbell; Ann Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Hillsdale, University Herb; Hubbardston; Mont-
calm Co.; northward. Rare.
*1885. U. purpurea Walt. Purple Bladderwort. Hamlin Lake, H. T. Blodgett;
Marshall, W. J. B.; Pine Lake, Ingham Co., Grass Lake, C. F. Wheeler; Ann Arbor,
C. A. Davis.
*1886. U. resupinata B. D. Greene. Reversed Bladderwort. Very abundant on the
east shore of Woodward Lake, in Ionia Co., E. F. Smith; shore of Pine Lake, Ingham
Co.. also reported from Whitings. Ind. ; Alma, C. A. Davis.
*1887. U. vulgaris L. Greater Bladderwort. Slow streams. Throat of corolla-
orange, veined with brown-purple. Frequent. Th.
PINGUICULA L.
1888. P. vulgaris L. Butterwort. Wet rocks. Whitney's Catalogue; Isle Roy ale.
Dr. A. B. Lyons; Pictured Rocks, abundant, G. H. Hicks. U. P.
16
122 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
OROBANCHACE^ Lindl. Broom-rape Family.
THALESIA Raf. Aphyllox A. Gray.
1889. T. fasciculata (Nutt.) Britton. Yellow Cancer-root. AphijUon fasciculatum
A. Gray. "Sandy ground. Lake Michigan." A. Gray; sand dunes, Frankfort.
1890. T. unifl'ora (L.) Britton. Pale Broom-rape. Cancer-root. Aphi/Uou unifJorum
Torr. & Gray. Damp woodlands, S. Mich.. Wright Cat.; ^\nn Arbor, G. D. Sones; Flint;
Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Lake Superior. Winch. Cat. Infrequent. Th.
CONOPHOLIS Wallr.
1891. C. Americana (L. f.) Wallr. Squaw-root. IMoist woods. Ann Arbor; S. W.
H. S. Pepoon; S. Mich. Wright Cat.; Ionia Co.; Flint; Alma; Macomb Co., northward
to Keweenaw Co.. F. Infrequent.
LEPTAMNIUM Raf. Epifagvs Nutt.
1892. L. Virginianum (L.) Raf. Beech-drops. Epifaf/ux Vinjlmana Nutt. Beech
woods, Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co. Very common in Grand-Saginaw Valley.
BIGNONIACEiE Pers. Trumpet-creeper Family.
CATALPA Scop.
1893. C. speciosa Warder. Sturgis, F. P. Daniels. Probably introduced from the
south.
ACANTHACEJE J. St. Hil. Acanthus Family.
RUELLIA L.
1894. R. cilosa Pursh. Hairy Ruellia. Dry grounds. Wright Cat. Detroit, 0. A.
Farwell. S.
1895. R. strepens L. Smooth Ruellia. Dry soil. Wright Cat. S.
DIANTHERA L.
1896. D. Americana L. Dense-flowered Water-willow. In shallow water. Ann
Arbor, Winch. Cat.; Putin-Bay; S. Haven, L. H. Bailey. S.
PHRYMACEiE Schauer. Lopseed Family.
PHRYMA L.
*1S97. P. Leptostachya L. Lopseed. Moist woods. Pt. an Chene. Winch. Cat.;
P'lint; Macomb Co.; Wright Cat.; Ionia Co.; Turin, Marquette Co., B. Barlow; Man-
istee, F. P. Daniels; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. C. &, S.
PLANTAGINACEiE Lindl. Plantain Family.
PLANTAGO L.
1898. P. aristata Michx. Large-bracted Plantain. Introduced with clover seed.
Huron Co., C. A. Davis.
*1899. iP. cordata Lam. Heart-leaved Plantain. Borders of streams. S. Mich.,
Wright Cat.; Tuscola Co., Winch. Cat.; Ionia Co.; Clinton Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.
Frequent. C. & S.
*1900. P. lanceolata L. Ripplegrass. Ribgrass. English Plantain. Buck-horn.
Meadows and fields. Too common. The seeds are often mixed with clover seed. Th.
*1901. P. major L. Common Plantain. Waysides and about dwellings everywhere.
Common. Th.
UHAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 123
in02. P. media L. Hoaiv i'huitain. Bav Citv. C. M. Bradford,
im-?. P. Purshii JJ. & S. ■ S. W.. H. S. Popoon."
*1904. P. Rugelii Dec Ru<rol's Plantain. Waste places. Often confounded with
P. major. l'"ie(|noiit.
IflOo. P. Virginica J-. \\ liito J)\vaif Plantain. Algonac, C. K. Dodge.
RUBIACEiE B. Juss. Madder Family.
HOUSTONIA I..
l!lfl(). H. coerulea L. liluots. Innocence. J\e\veena\v Point, Dr. Robbins.
1007. H. ciliolata Torr. Frincred Houstonia. E. purpurea ciliolata A. Gray. Dr.
Wright. Tiiree Rivers, C. F. Wheeler; Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell.
1908. H. longifolia (Jaertn. T.ong-leaved Houstonia. H. purpurea lonffifolia A.
Gray. Hastings. 1.. 11. Bailey; fonia, common; Clare Co.. abundant to L. Sup., Can.
Cat.; \estaburg. Crass Lake. Ann Arbor. C. A. Davis. Th.
CEPHALANTHUS L.
""inOfl. C. occidentalis L. T.utton-busli. Swamps and Hooded river bottoms. Com-
mon. ('hol)oygaii Co.. 15. & K. W'xy common southward. L. P.
MITCHELLA L.
*iniO. M. repens I.. I'artridgo-hcrry. Prefers beech and maple, hemlock, or pine
woods, and i.s seldoni found under oaks. Common. Th.
GALIUM L.
*1911. G. Aparine L. Cleavers. Coo.se grass. Common. Th.
*ini2. G. asprellum Michx. Rough Bedstraw. Frequent. Th.
*1013. G. boreale L. Northern Bedstraw. Very common. Th.
*ini4. G. circaezans Michx. Wild Liquorice. Dry woods. Cheboygan Co.. B. & K.
Frequent soiitlnvaid. L. P.
191.5. G. Claytoni Michx. Clayton's Bedstraw. Muskegon. C. D. McLouth; St.
Clair Co.. C. K. Dodge; Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell.
*191f). G. concinnum Torr. & Cray. Shining Bedstraw. Flint; Ann Arbor, All. Cat.;
Grand Ledge. Rare. C. &. S. "
*1917. G. lanceolatum Torr. \\"\\<l Liquorice. Riverdale. Gratiot Co.; Hubbardston;
Flint: .Macoml) Co.; and S. Mich. A\'r. Cat.; also L. Superior. Whitney; Alma, Ann
Arbor. ('. .\. Davis. Th.
*191S. G. latifolium Michx. Piuple Bedstraw. Infrequent. C. & S.
1919. G. Mollugo L. Wild Madder. Bay City. 0. M. Bradford.
*1920. G. pilosum Ait. Hairy Redstraw". Frequent as far north as Grand-Saginaw
Vallev. C. & S.
1921. G. tinctorium !,. Marslies, Bay Co.. C. M. Bradford: Keweenaw Co., 0. A.
Farwell.
*1922. G. trifidum L. Small Bedstraw. Bogs. Common, 'i'h.
* 192.3. G. triflorum Miclix. Sweet-scented Bedstraw. Frequent in C. & S., and very
abundaiit northward. Th.
CAPRIFOLIACEiE Vent. Honeysuckle Family.
SAMBUCUS L.
*1924. S. Canadensis L. CoMiiuon Elder. Follows settlements. Common.
*1925. S. pubens Michx. Red-berried Elder. -S. racemma HK. More northern in its
range than tiic last. Nariety with dissected leaves seen in Clare Co. Th.
VIBURNUM L.
*192(i. V. acerifolium L. Arrow-wood. Dockmackie. Frequent in Cheboygan Co.,
B. & K.; Alma. Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
1927. V. alnifolium .\Tarsh. Hobble-l)Ush. American Wayfaring-tree. V. lant-
anoides Michx. Whitney found none of the sp. abundant in the U. P.
124 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*1928. V. cassinoides L. Withe-rod. Macomb Co.: Hiibbardston ; Stanton; River-
dale; Gratiot Co.: Houghton Lake; to L. Superior. Commonest sp. about Black Lake,
B. & K. Frequent. Th.
1929. V. dentatum L. Arrow-wood. Sarnia. Ont.. C. K. Dodge.
*1930. V. Lentago L. Sweet Viburnum. Sheep-berry. Frequent. C. & S., and
northward. Cheboygan Co.; Alma. Th.
*1931. v. Opulus L. Cranberry-tree. Swamps and borders of streams. Common.
Th.
1932. V. pauciflorum Pylaie. Few-flowered Cranberry-tree. Dr. Lyons. Gray's
Manual. Rare. U. P.
1933. V. prunifolium L. Black Haw. Dr. Lvons: Kalamazoo, Tuthill; Barron Lake,
Cass Co.. C. F. Wheeler; Detroit. 0. A. Farwell. Rare. S.
*1934. V. pubescens (Ait.) Pursh. DoMney Arrow-root. Common. Th.
TRIOSTEUM L.
1934a. T. aurantiacum Bicknell. Birmingham. 0. A. Farwoll.
*1935. T. perfoliatum L. Horse-Gentian. Clinton Co.; Tonia Co.; Flint; IMacomb
Co.; Black Eiver, Cheboygan Co., one plant seen by B. & K. Frequent southward. L. P.
LINNAEA L.
*193t). L. Americana Forbes. Twin-flower. L. hinealls Miclix., not L. Very abun-
dant in N. & U. P. ; south to Grand River Vallev, and S. E. to IMacomb Co.; Port Huron,
C. K. Dodge. C. N. & U. P.
SYMPHORICARPOS Juss.
1937. S. occidentalis Hook. Wolfberrv. Ft. Gratiot. Austin; X. Mich., A. Gray;
Port Huron, C. K. Dodge. Rare. C. N. & "U. P.
1938. S. pauciflorus (Robbins) Britton. Low Snowberry. .S'. racemosus pauciflorus
Robbins. Harbor Springs; Keweenaw Co.. Dr. Robbins; Hubbardston, C. F. Wheeler.
1939. S. racemosus ]\Iichx. Snowberry. Along the Great Lakes, Saginaw Bay
and Alpena Co., Winchell; L. Sup., Can. Cat. C. N. & U. P.
1940. S. Symphoricarpos (L.) MacM. Coral-berry. Indian Currant. S. vulgaris
Michx. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
LONICERA L.
1941. L. Caprifolium L. Perfoliate Honeysuckle. L. grata Alton. Dr. Lyons.
Gray's Manual.
*i942. L. ciliata Muhl. Fly-Honeysuckle. Frequent. Tli.
1943. L. coerulea L. ^Mountain Fly-Honeysuckle. Dr. Lyons. Keweenaw Co., 0.
A. Farwell ; Clifton. F. E. W^ood, in University Herb.
■•*1944. L. dioica L. Glaucous Honeysuckle. L. i/laiira Hill. Ionia; Montcalm Co.;
Ann Arbor. All. (^at. Swamps or dry soil. Common. Th.
*194.5. L. glaucescens Rvd. Douglas' Honevsuckle. Keweenaw Co.. 0. A. Farwell;
Bay Co., G. :\r. Bradford. "
1946. L. hirsuta Eaton. Hairv Honeysuckle. Alma. C. A. Davis. Frequent north-
ward. C. N. & U. P.
1947. L. involucrata (Richards.) Banks. .Mainland and Isle Royale; Keweenaw
Co., 0. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis.
*iy48. L. Japonica Thunb. Japanese Honeysuckle. Lansing; Ypsilanti, O. A. Far-
well.
*1949. L. oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. Swamp F. Howell Junction, C. F. Wheeler;
-Macomb Co.; Stanton; Kdmore; Isabella Co., Roscommon; Alma. More frequent in
X. and U. P. Rare in S. Th.
19.50. L. Sullivantii A. Gray. Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell.
*1951. L. Tatarica L. Tartarian Honeysuckle. Escaped from cultivation, Lansing;
Detroit; Port Huron; Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell.
19.52. L. Xylosteum L. F:scaped from cultivation. Detroit. 0. A. Farwell.
DIER VILLA .Moench.
*1953. D. Diervilla (L.) Mac.M. Bush Honeysuckle. D. irifida Moench. Rocky woods
and bluffs. Common. Th.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 125
VALERIANACEiE Uatsch. Valerian Family.
VALERIANA L.
1954. V. edulis Nutt. Tobacco-root. Ann Arbor and Macomb Co. Rare. S. E.
•1955. V. uliginosa (T. & G.) Rydb. Sw;unp Valerian. V. Hylvatica Beck, not Banks.
Sphagnous swamps, local. Th.
VALERIANELLA Poll.
1956. V. chenopodifolia (Pursli) DC. Goose-foot Corn Salad. Flint; Ionia; Lyons.
Not common. C. & S.
1957. V. radiata (I..) Dufr. Beakod Corn Salad. Mich. A. Gray; Macomb Co.,
Cooley.
DI PSAC ACE.E T. i 1 H 11 . Teasel Family.
DIPSACUS L.
•1958. D. sylvestris Iluds. Wild Teasel. Fields and roadsides. Gratiot Co.; Ann
Arbor; Detroit; Flint: Alma; Addison. Infrequent. C. & S.
CUCURBITACEtE B. Juss. Gourd Family.
MlCRAMPELIvS Raf. Eciii.nocystis T. & G.
1959. M. lobata (.Alielix.) Greene. \Vild Balsam Apple. Echinocystis lobata T. & G.
Common in low woods alonf; streams; Alma; Ionia: South Haven; ^Macomb Co.; Ann
Arbor; Manistee, F. P. Daniels; Baj' Co., G. M. Bradford.
SICYOS 1..
1960. S. angulatus L. Cne-seeded Star Cucumber. Ypsilanti, 0. A. Farwell; Port
Huron, C. K. Dodge; Alma, ,Vnn Arbor, C. A. Davis; Algonac. W. S. Cooper.
CAMPANULACEvE -Tuss. Bellflower Family.
CAMPANULA L.
'1961. C. Americana L. 'J'all Bellllower. I\loist woodlands. Ionia Co.; Flint;
Macomb Co.: Ann Arl)or, Winch. Cat.; Alma, C. A. Davis. Infrequent. C. & S.
*1962. C. aparinoides Pursh. ^Marsh Bellflower. Wet grassy giounds. Common. Th.
196.3. C. rapunculoides L. Creeping European Bellflower. Ann Arbor, A. J. Pieters;
Ypsilanti. 0. A. Farwell ; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
•1964. C. rotundifolia L. Harobell. Sandy banks and lake shores. Common. Th.
1965. C. rotundifolia Langsdorfiana (A. DC.) Britton. C. rotundifolia alpina
Tuckerman. Keweenaw Co.. 0. A. Farwell; shore of Black Lake, Chebovgan Co., B. &
K.; Petoskey, C. F. Wheeler.
1966. C. rotundifolia velutina DC. Sand hills of Burt Lake, E. J. Hill.
SPECULARIA Heist.
•1967. S. perfoliata (L.) A, DC. Venus' Looking-glass. Gravelly fields. Clinton Co.;
S. E., Unixersity Herb.; Niles, I. N. Mitciioll; Detroit, A. B. Lvons; Ann Arbor. Scarce.
C. & S.
LOBELIA L.
•1968. L. cardinalis L. Cardinal-flower. River banks. Flowers rarely rose-color
or even \\hito. Common. Th.
1969. L, Dortmanna L. Water Lobelia. Isle Royale, Dr. A. B. Lyons. U. P.
*1970. L. Kalmii L. Kalm's Lobelia. Wet banks and rocks along shores. Ionia
Co.; Ann Arbor; Oakland Co.; Petoskey; to L. Superior. Frequent. Th.
126 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*1971. L. inflata L. Indian Tobacco. Pastnres. Montcalm Co.: Flint; Macomb Co.;
Oakland Co.; Put-in-Bay. fcscarce. Th.
*1972. L. spicata Lam. Pale Spiked Lobelia. Oak openings. Frequent. Th.
1973. L. spicata hirtella A. Gray. Keweenaw Co., Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*1974. L. syphilitica L. Great Lobelia. Low grounds. Flowers vaiy to white.
Common. L. P.
CICHORIACEiE Reichenb. Chicory Family.
CICHORIUM L.
*1975. C. Intybus L. Chicory. Ionia Co.; Flint; Detroit: Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well; Alma; Ann Aibor. Frequent. Th.
LAPSANA L.
*1976. L. communis L. Nipplewort. Campus of the Agricultural College.
ADOPOGON Neck. Kbigi.a. Schreb.
1977. A. Carolinianum (Walt.) Britton. Carolina Dwarf Dandelion. Krigia
Yirgiuica \\\\\A. Barrens N. part of Clare Co.; Walton; Elk Rapids; Bay City. Rare.
*1978. A. Virginicum (L.) Krmtze. Krigia ample-vicdulis Nutt. Moist hillsides.
Frequent. L. P.
LEONTODON L.
1979. L. autumnalis L. Fall Dandelion. Well estubllslied at Hubbardston, C. F.
Wheeler; Alma, C. A. Davis.
PICRIS L.
1980. P. hieracioides L. Hawkweed Picris. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
TRAGOPOGON L.
1981. T. porrifolius L. Oyster Plant. Escaped from cultivation. St. Clair Co.;
Alma; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*1982. T. pratensis L. Goat's Beard. Spreading. Hubbardston, C. F. Wheeler;
Kalamazoo. Tuthill; Keweenaw Co., Ypsilanti, O. A. Farwell.
TARAXACUM Hallcr.
1983. T. erythrospermum Andrz. Red-seeded Dandelion. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*1984. T. Taraxicum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. T. ofliciiialr Weber. Fields every-
where.
SOWCHUS L.
"^1985. S. arvensis L. Field Sow -Thistle. Grand Rapids. Coleman's Cat.; Detroit,
0. A. Farwell; Tuscola Co., C. A. Davis; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*1980. S. asper (L.) Hill. Spiney-leaved Sow-Thistle. Alma, C. A. Davis. Waste
places. Frequent.
*19S7. S. oleraceus L. Common Sow-Thistle. Waste places. Macomb Co.; Mont-
calm Co.; Alma, C. A. Davis; northward to L. Superior. Frequent.
LACTUCA L.
*1988. L. Canadensis L. Wild Lettuce. Rich soil. Frequent. Th.
*1989. L. Floridana (L.) Gaertn. Florida Lettuce. Wavne Co., 0. A. Farwell;
Agricultural College, W. J. B.
*in90. L. hirsuta Mulil. Hairy Wood-lettuce. Infrequent. Hubbardston; Alacomb
Co., Cooley; Alma, Chelsea, C. A. Davis.
1991. L. pulchella (Purhs.) DC. Large-flowered Blue lettuce. "Upper Michigan,"
Prof. T. C. Porter; Caribou I.; Lake Huron, Dr. Todd; Detroit, (). A. l-'arwell; Kewee-
naw Co., 0. A. Farwell. N. & U. P.
1992. L. sagittifolia Ell. Arrow-leaved Lettuce. />. intrt/rifdlia P.igel. Petoskey,
C. F. Wheeler; Belle Isle, O. A. Farwell. '
BEAL OX MICHIGAN FLORA. 127
*1994. L. spicata I Lam.) Hitche. 'lull IJlue Lettucp. L. Iriicopfiaca A. Gray. Fre-
quent. Til.
1995. L. spicata integrifolia (T. &. G.) Britton. L. Irurophaea integrifolia T. & G.
Belle Isle, Detroit. C. F. Wlieelcr.
*1995a. L. virosa L. I'rickly Lettuce. Usually given tlic iianip /,. fic<iruil(i T... which
has pinnatifid leaves. Common.
CREPIS L.
*1996. C. tectorum L. Xarrow-leaved Hawksbeard. Introduced.
HIERACIUM L.
•1997. H. Canadense Michx. Canada Ha^vk^veed. Woods. Frequent. Th.
•1998. H. Gronovii L. Hairv Hawkweed. Dry soil. Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.;
S. \A'. jNIich.. Wriglit Cat.; Alma. Infrequent. C. & S.
1999. H. longipilum Torr. Lontr-bearded Hawkweed. Fields. Macomb Co.; Trav-
erse City, S. W., Wright Cat.; Grand Rapids, Coleman; Algonac, W. S. Cooper; Tuscola
Co., C. A. Davis. Scarce. L. P.
2000. H. Marianum Wiild. ^laryland Hawkweed. Shore of Grand Traverse Bay,
C. F. Whoolor.
*2001. H. paniculatum L. Panicled Hawkweed. Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Wright
Cat. Scarce. C. & S.
2002. H. Pilosella L. Mouse-car Hawkweed. Introduced at Benzonia, G. A. Clark.
•2003. H. scabrum Michx. Eough Hav, kwced. Woods; Alma. Common. Th.
•2004. H. umbellatum L. Narrow-leaved Hawkweed. Marquette, C. F. Wlieeler.
*2005. H. venosum L. Rattlesnake-weed. Dry soil in pine woods, or on oak land.
Abundant at Puint aux Pins, at the entrance to Lake Superior, Macoun, Can. Cat.;
Port Austin, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Frequent.
NABALUS Cass. Prenanthes Vaill.
*200U. N. albus (L.) Hook. Rattlosnake-root. Prenaiithcs alba L. Woods. Com-
mon. Th.
•2007. N. altissimus (L.) Hook. Tall ^^'hite Lettuce. Prciuintlirs uUhsUna L. Rich
woods. Frequent. Th.
•2008. N. racemosus (Michx.) DC. Glaucous White-Lettuce. Prcnanthes racemosa
Michx. Lenawee Co.. G. F. Comstock; Flint; Macomb Co.; shore of L. Mich., near
Sitting Rabbit. Winch. Cat.; S. W., Wright Cat.; Cheboygan Co.. Beardslee, Keweenaw
Co.. Farwell; Kawkawlin, Ann Aibor, Grass Lake, Bay Port, C. A. Davis. Rare. Th.
2009. N. trifoliatus Cass. Tall Rattlesnake-root. 'Washington, Dr. D. Cooley.
AMBROSIACEiE Reiclienb. Ragweed Family.
IVA L.
2010. I. xanthiifolia (Fresen.) Nutt. Marsh Elder. Highwater-shrub. Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell. The farthest station east known.
AMBROSIA L.
•2011. A. artemisiaefolia L. Roman Wormwood. Ragweed. Hog-weed. Bitter-
weed. Roadsides. Introduced from the west. Abundant. Th.
2012. A. psilostachya DC. Manistee, F. P. Daniels; shore of Lake Huron, C. K.
Dodge; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
•2013. A. triiida L. Great Ragweed. Common. Low grounds along Grand and
Maple Rivers; northward to Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
2014. A. trifida integrifolia T. & G. Low land. Keweenaw Co.. 0. A. Farwell. Th.
XANTHIUM L.
*2015. X. Canadense Mill. Common in waste places and along river banks.
201,5a. X. commune P>ritton. Britton and Brown's Flora.
2016. X. echinatum Murr. A'. Cunadcnse echinatum A. Gray. Shores of Great
Lakes.
128 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIEMCE.
2017. X. glabratum (UC.) Britton. Broad Cocklcbur. A', stnimarium of authors,
not of Linnaeus. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
X. Pennsylvanicum Wallr. Britton and Brown's Flora.
2018. X. spinosum L. Spiny Clotbur. Detroit. 0. A. Farwell.
COMPOSITiE Adans. Thistle Family.
VERNONIA Schreb.
2019. V. Drummondii Shutthv. Drummond's Iron-weed. T. altissima gratidiflora
A. Gray. Frequent in the Grand River Valley; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
*2020. V. fasciculata Miehx. River banks; lonia'^Co.; IMacomb Co.; Detroit, O. A.
Farwell; Monroe Co.; Ann Arbor; South Haven. E. H. Bailey. Frequent. C. & S.
2021. V. glauca (L.) Britton. Broad-leaved Iron- weed. Three Rivers, C. F-. Wheeler;
Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
2022. V. interior Small. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
2023. V. maxima Small. Tall Iron-weed. V. gigantea (Walt.) Britton. Detroit,
0. A. Farwell; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. Frequent eastward.
2024. V. Noveboracensis (L.) Willd. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
EUPATORIUM L.
*2025. E. ageratoides L. f. White Snake-root. Woods. Frequent. Th.
2026. E. coelestinum L. Mist-flower. "Rich soil, Mich." A. Gray's Manual.
2027. E. maculatum L. Spotted Joe-Pye A\^eed. Keweenaw Co., Rochester, 0. A.
Farwell; near Al^oiiac, C. K. Dodge.
*2028. E. perfoliatum L. Thoroughwort. Boneset. Low grounds. Common. Th.
*2029. E. purpureum L. Joe-Pye Weed. Keweenaw Co., Rochester, 0. A. Farwell.
Th.
*2030. E. purpureum falcatum (?ilichx.) Britton. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
2031. E. sessilifolium L. Upland Boneset. Copses. Macomb Co.; S. Mich., Winch.
Cat. S.
2032. E. trifoliatum L. Rochester. O. A. Farwell.
WILLUGBAEYA Neck. IMiKArsiA Willd.
2033. W. scandens (L.) Kuntze. Climbing Hemp-weed. Mikanirt scaitdens Willd.
Banks of iluskegon River for a distance of eleven miles above Black Lake, C. D.
McLouth.
KUHNIA L.
2034. K. eupatorioides L. Ionia Co.; S. IMich., Winch. Cat. Infrequent. C. & S.
LACINARIA Hill. Liatris Schreb.
2035. L. cylindracea (Michx.) Kuntze. Cylindric Blazing Star. Liutria oiilrmlracea
Michx. Sterile open places; Ionia Co.; Macomb Co.; Lenawee Co.. G. F. Comstock;
Tu.scola Co.; Grand Rapids to Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Not common. Th.
*2036. L. scariosa (L.) Hill. Large Button Snake-root. Liatris scariosa Willd.
Rarely the flowers vary to white. Dry soil. Ann Arbor; northward to Keweenaw
Co., 6. A. Farwell. Frequent.
20.3Ca. L. scariosa corymbulosa Sheldon. Orion. O. A. Farwell.
2037. L. scariosa squarrulosa (.Michx.) Small. Orion, 0. A. Farwell.
*2038. L. spicata (L.) Kuntze. Dense Button-Snakeroot. Liatris spicata Willd.
Low grounds. Ionia Co.; Macomb Co.; near Port Huron, C. K. Dodge; Bay Co., G. M.
Bradford; Kalamazoo, Tuthill. Infrequent.
GRINDELIA Willd.
2039. G. squarrosa (Piirsh.) Dunal. Broad-leaved Gum-plant. Escanaba, R. E.
Merrell; near Lapeer, Mrs. M. Owen; Marquetls, 0. A. Farwell. Occasionally introduced
in grass seeds from the west.
HKAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 129
SOLIDAGO L.
2040. S. alpestris Wald. & Kit. Alpine Golden-rod. S. Vinjaurea ulphia Bigel.
(;ia}''3 Manual, 0th edition. U. P.
*2041. S. bicolor L. White Golden-rod. Kochester, W. A. Brotlicrton; Lansing, W.
J. B.; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
"2042. S. caesia L. Blue-stemmed Golden-rod. Rich woods. Frequent. L. P.
*204.3. S. caesia axillaris (Pursh.) A. Gray. Frequent near Lansing. L. ]'.
*2044. S. Canadensis L. Canada Golden-rod. Fields. Our most variable and com-
mon goldcn-roil. Th.
*2045. S. Canadensis procera (Ait.) T. & G. Common.
2046. S. Canadensis scabriuscula T. C. Porter. Keweenaw Co., Detroit, 0. A. I''ar-
well.
2047. S. erecta Pursli. Slender Golden-rod. S. speciosn aiiffustata T. & (i. Indian
River, Chel)oygan Co., C. F. Wheeler.
*2048. S. fiexicaulis L. Zig-Zag Golden-rod. S. latifoUa L. Moist woods. Fre-
quent. Th.
*2049. S. hispida Muhl. Hairy Golden-rod. 8. bicolor concolor Torr & Gray. Dry
places. Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis; and northward.
2050. S. Houghtonii Torr. & Gray. Houghton's Golden-rod. '"N. shore of Lake
Michigan," Gray's I\lan.; Druramond's Is., Winch. Cat.
*2051. S. juncea Ait. Earlv Golden-rod. Meadows and fields, variable. Frequent.
Th.
2052. S. juncea scabrella (T. & G.) A. Gray. Orion, Detroit, 0. A, Farwell.
2053. S. macrophylla i'ursh. Large-leaved Golden-rod. "Shore of Lake Superior
and northward," A. Gray's Manual, 6th edition. U. P.
2054. S. neglecta Torr. & Gray. Swamp Golden-rod. Swamps. Ionia Co., Orion,
O. A. Farwell, and northward. Infrequent.
*2055. S. nemoralis Ait. Gray Golden-rod. Dry sandy soil. Common. Th.
2056. S. Ohioensis Riddell. Oliio Golden-rod. Moist meadows. Ionia Co.; Flint;
Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Macomb Co. to Grand Detour below Sugar Island, Prof.
T. C. Porter. Infrequent.
*2057. S. patula ]\Iuhl. Rough-leaved Golden-rod. Borders of swamps. Common.
C. & S.
2058. S. Purshii T. C. Porter. River bank Golden-rod. S. Jiumilis Pursh. Fre-
quent at Petoskey; Cheboygan Co., Beardslee; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*2059. S. rigida L. Stiff Golden-rod. Dry, sandy giound. Ann Anbor; Ionia Co.;
Flint; INIanistec, F. P. Daniels, and northward. Infrequent.
*2060. S. Riddellii Frank. Riddell's Golden-rod. Swamps, Ionia Co.; INIacomb Co.;
Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Ann Arbor, and southward. Rare.
*'206I. S. rugosa ]Mill. Wrinkle-leaved Golden-rod. Borders of fields, northward
to Thunder Bay, JMacoun. Common. Th.
"2062. S. serotina Ait. Late Golden-rod. Shady places. Frequent. Th.
2063. S. serotina gigantea (Ait.) A. Gray. Borders of woods. Frequent. Th.
2064. S. speciosa Nutt. Showy Golden-rod. Margin of Avoods on light soil. Ionia
Co.; Flint; Macomb Co.; Ann Arbor; and northward to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
Infrequent.
*2065. S. uliginosa Nutt. Bog Golden-rod. Swamps. Ann Arbor, Tuscola Co.,
Alpena Co., C. A. Davis. Infrequent. Th.
^2066. S. ulmifolia J\luhl. Elm-leaved Golden-rod. Borders of woods. Ionia Co.;
Flint; Alma; S. W., Winch. Cat. Infrequent. L. P.
2067. S. Virgaurea Gillmani (A. Gray) T. C. Porter. 8. humilis Oillmani \. Gray.
Sliores of Lake Midi., from New Bufi'alo to Mackinaw City, C. F. Wheeler.
EUTHAMIA Nutt.
2008. E. Caroliniana (L.) Greene. Slender Fragrant Golden-rod. Solidaffo tcnuifolia
Pursh. Grand Rapids, Miss E. J. Cole.
*2069. E. graminifolia (L.) Nutt. Bushy Golden-rod. SoUdago lanceolata L. Moist
soil. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A. Davis. Common, Th.
ASTER L.
2069a. A. amethystinus Nutt. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
*2070. A. azureus Lindl. Sky-blue Aster. Sterile soil. Flint; Ann -Arbor; Ionia
Co.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford; Macomb Co. Infrequent. C. & S.
17
130 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*2071. A. cordifolius L. Blue Wood Aster. A. cordifolius lyohjccphaJm T. C. Porter.
Lansing, C. F. Wheeler; Bay Co., G. ]\I. Bradford. Woods. Common. Th.
2072. A. divaricatus L. White Wood Aster. A. corymbosus Ait. Woods. Bay
Co., G. M. Bradford. Infrequent. TJi.
2073. A. dumosus L. Bushj' Aster. Thickets. IMacomb Co.; Petoskey, Dr. D.
Chirk; Hubbardston, not common, C. F. Wheeler; Chebovgan Co., Beardslee; Orion.
O. A. Farwell; Alma, C. A. Davis. L. P.
2074. A. ericoides L. White Heath Aster. Petoskey, C. F. Wheeler; Bay Co.,
G. M. Bradford; shores of tiie Great Lakes.
2075. A. ericoides pilosus (Willd.) T. C. Porter. .1. crkoidcs rillosus T. & G.
Marine City, C. K. Dodge.
2075a. A. ericoides platyphyllus T. & G. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
2076. A. exiguus (Fernald) Rydb. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
2078. A. Faxoni Porter. Faxon's Aster. A. poJijplnjUus AVilld. Shores of the
Great Lakes.
2079. A. hirsuticaulis Lindl. Hairy-stemmed Aster. .1. latcriflorns liirsutiusculiK
T. C. Porter. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*2080. A. junceus Ait. Rush Aster. Tamarack swamps. Ionia Co.; Flint; Macomb
Co.; Alma, Ann Arbor; northward. Fi'cquent. Th.
"2081. A. laevis L. Smooth Aster. Border of oak woods. Cheboygan Co., B. & K. ;
Alma; Ann Arbor. Common southward. L. P.
2082. A. laevis amplifolius Porter. Detroit, Birmingham, 0. A. Farwell.
2083. A. lateriflorus (L.) Britton. Starved Aster. A. diffimis Ait. Fields. Ex-
ceedingly variable. Common. Th.
2084. A. lateriflorus glomerellus (T. & G.) Burgess. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
2085. A. lateriflorus horizontalis (Desf.) Burgess. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
2085a. A. lateriflorus pendulus (Ait.) Burgess. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
2086. A. lateriflorus thyrsoideus (A. Gray) Sheldon. A. diffuxiix thi/rsoides A. Gray.
Washington, Maeoml) Co., Dr. D. Cooley; Belle Isle. 0. A. Farwell; and northward.
2087. A. Lindleyanus Torr. & Gray. Lindley's Aster. "Labrador to Lake Supe-
rior." A. Gray's Manual; Mackinaw City, C. F. Wlieeler; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
Not common. N. & U. P.
2088. A. longifolius Lam. Long-leaved Aster. Escanaba, C. F. Wheeler.
20S8a. A. Lowrieanus Porter. Lo\vrie's Aster. Lakeville, Brotherton and Farwell.
*2089. A. macrophyllus L. Large-leaved Aster. Woods. Common. Th.
*2090. A. macrophyllus excelsior Burgess. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
2091. A. multiflorus Ait. Dense-flowered Aster. Sandy soil. Frequent. C. & S.
2092. A. nemoralis Ait. Common. Th.
■•'2093. A. Novae-Angliae L. New England Aster. Moist grounds. Frequent. Th.
2094. A. Novi-Belgii L. New York Aster. Detroit, O. A. Farwell. ,
2005. A. oblongifolius Nutt. Detroit. 0. A. Farwell.
*2090. A. paniculatus Lam. Tall White Aster. Shady banks. Frequent. Th.
2098. A. paniculatus bellidiflorus (Willd.) Burgess. Belle Isle, C. F. Wheeler;
f.,apeer, Mih. M. Owen.
2099. A. paniculatus simplex (Willd.) Burgess. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
2100. A. patens Ait. Late Purple Aster. Dry grounds. y\nn Arbor; Macomb Co.
S. E.
2101. A. prenanthoides Muhl. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*2102. A. ptarmicoides (Nees.) Torr. and Gray. Macomb Co.; Clarkston, G. H.
Hicks; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Infrequent. Th.
*2103. A, puniceus L. Purple-stem Aster. Low grounds. Alma, Ann Arbor, C. A.
Davis. Common. Th.
2103a. A. puniceus firmus (Nees) T. & G. Detroit, 0. A. Fatwell.
*2104. A. puniceus lucidulus Gray. Macomb Co. westward. Abundant.
*2105. A. sagittifolius Willd. Arrow-leaved Aster. Dry grounds. Frequent. Th.
210G. A. sagittifolius urophyllus (Lindl.) Burgess; Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
2107. A. salicifolius Lam. Willow Aster. Moist soil. Flint; Macomb Co., north-
ward. Frequent.
2108. A. sericeus Vent. Silky Aster. S. Mich., Winch. Cat., Dr. D. Houghton;
north to Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. Rare.
2109. A. Shortii Hook. Short's Aster. Pewamo, C. F. Wlieeler; Rochester, W. A.
Brotherton. Rare.
■2110. A. Tradescanti L. Tradescant's Aster. Low grounds. Flint; Macomb Co.
J'requent. L. P.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 131
*2111. A. undulatus L. Wavy-leaf Aster. Dry copses. Flint; S. Mich.; Cheboygan
Co., B. & K.: Ionia Co. Common. L. P.
*2112. A. vimineus J>am. Small White Aster. Low grounds. Cheboj'gan Co.,
Beardslee; Alma. Freqiiont southward. L. P.
2112a. A. vimineus foliolosus Ait. A. Gray. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
BRACHYACTIS I.cdeb.
2113. B. angustus (Lindl.) Britton. Ray less Aster. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
ERIGERON L.
2114. E. acris L. IJUic Fleabane. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
2115. E. acris Droebachianus (Retz) ^Villd. "Shores of Lake Superior," A. Gray;
Dr. A. B. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell. U. P.
*211C. E. annuus (L.) Pers. Daisv Fleabane. Sweet Scabious. Fields. Common.
Th.
2117. E. asper Nutt. Rough Erigeron. E. (/ktbcHus Nutt. Plains. Dr. A. B.
Lyons. U. P.
2118. E. hyssopifolius Michx. Hyssop-leaved Erigeron. "Lake Superior, and north-
Mard." A. Gray; Dr. Lyons; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*2119. E. Philadelphicus L. Common Philadelphia Fleabane. Common. Th.
'"'2120. E. pulchellus .Michx. Robin's Plantain. E. bellidifoHus Muhl. Moist banks.
Frequent. C. & S.
*2121. E. ramosus (Walt.) B. S. P. Daisy Fleabane. E. strigosiis Muhl. Fields.
Common. Th.
LEPTILON Raf. Erigkron L., in part.
2122. L. Canadense (L.) Britton. Horse-weed. Eriijeron Canadensis L. Waste
grounds. Common. Th.
2122a. L. divaricatum (Michx.) Raf. Near Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
DOELLINGERIA Nees.
*2123. D. umbellata (Mill.) Xees. Tall Flat-top White Aster. Aster umbellatus
Mill. Moist places. Th.
2124. D. umbellata pubens (A. Gray) Britton. Aster umhellatus pubens A. Gray.
Upper Mich., A. Gray's Manual; Chebovgan Co., Beardslee; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well.
ANTENNARIA Gaertn.
2125. A, ambigens (Greene) Fernald. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford, Detroit, 0. A.
Farwell.
*2127. A. campestris Rydberg. Prairie Cat's-foot. Grayling, C. F. Wheeler; Manis-
tee, F. P. Daniels.
2128. A. Canadensis Greene. Shores of Grand Traverse Bay under pines, C. F.
Wheeler; ^Mackinac Island. 0. A. Farwell.
2129. A. fallax Greene. Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
*2130. A. Farwellii Greene. Lansing, C. F. Wheeler; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell;
]\Ianistee, F. P. Daniels.
*2131. A. neglecta Greene. Field Cat's-foot. Lansing, Brighton, Stockbridge,
Wheeler & Longyear; Detroit, Ypsilanti, 0. A. Farwell; Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
2131a. A. neodioica Greene. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
*2132. A. neodioica attenuata Fernald. Agricultural College, Brighton, Vestaburg,
C. F. Wheeler; Detroit, .Mackinac Island. 0. A. Farwell.
2133. A. occidentalis <.reene. Shores of (irand Traverse Bay, C." F. Wheeler.
''2134. A. Parlinii ambigens Fernald. Banks of Cedar River at Agricultural College,
C. F. Wheeler; IMaiiistee. F. J". Daniels; Port Huron. C. K. Dodge.
"2135. A. plantaginifolia (L.) Richards. Plantain-leaved Everlasting. Dry fields.
Common. Th.
ANAPHALIS DC.
2136. A. margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. Pearly Everlasting. IMontcalm Co.;
Grayling, G. H. Hicks; Petoskey, IMackinac. C. F. Wheeler; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
132 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
GNAPHALIUM L.
*2137. G. decurrens Ives. Everlasting. Winged Cudweed. Fields. Alma, Ann
Arbor, C. A. Davis. Abundant in the pine region, and northward.
*2I38. G. obtusifolium L. Sweet Balsam. G. poJycephahim Michx. Common EA'er-
lasting. Fields. Common. Th.
2139. G. purpureum L. Purplish Cudweed. Macomb and St. Clair Counties, A. F.
Foerste; Detroit, O. A. Farwell. '
*2140. G. uliginosum L. Low Cudweed. Roadsides in clay soil, abundant. Th.
ADENOCAULON Hook.
2141. A. bicolor Hook. Moist ground. Ontonagon Eiver. U. P.
INULA L.
*2142. I. Helenium L. Elecampane. Roadsides, escaped from gardens. Infrequent.
POLYMNIA L.
■"'2143. P. Canadensis L. Small-flowered Leaf -cup. Shaded river banks. Ionia Co.;
Macomb Co.; Flint; S. Michigan. Infrequent. C. & S.
2144. P. Canadensis radiata A. Gray. Rochester, 0. A. Farwell.
2145. P. Uvedalia L. Large-flowered Leaf-cup. S. jNlichigan, Wright's Cat. S.
SILPHIUM L.
2146. S. integrifolium Michx. Entire-leaved Rosin-weed. S. W., University Herb.;
Kalamazoo, Tuthill.
2147. S. laciniatum L. Rosin-weed. Compass-plant. S. Mich., Wright's Cat.;
near Capac, J. W. Stacey. S.
2148. S. perfoliatum L. Cup-Plant. S. Mich., Wright's Cat.
2149. S. terebinthinaceum Jacq. Prairie Dock. Oak openings. Ionia; Macomb Co.;
Ann Arbor; Sturgis, F. P. Daniels; S. W., H. S. Pepoon; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. In-
frequent. C. & S.
2150. S. trifoliatum L. Avon, W. A. Brotherton. Rare.
2150a. H. helianthoides (L.) B. S. P. Rochester, 0. A. Farwell.
HELIOPSIS Pers.
2151. H. scabra Dunl. Rough Ox-Eye. Detroit, 0. A. larwell.
RUDBECKIA L.
*2152. R. hirta L. Black-eyed Susan. Meadows and low places, apparently intro-
duced. Common. Th.
*2153. R. laciniata L. Tall Cone-flower. Low grounds. Frequent. Th.
*2154. R, speciosa Wenderoth. Flat-headed Cone-flov^•er. Wet soil. Ionia Co.;
Flint; Macomb Co.; Alma; Ann Arbor. Infrequent. C. & S.
2155. R. triloba L. Thin-leaved Cone-flower. Washington, Macomb Co., Cooley.
Kara.
RATIBIDA Raf. Lepachys Raf.
•2156. R. pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart. Gray-headed Cone-flower. Lepachis pinnata
Torr. & Gray. Dry ground. Ionia Co.; Grand Rapids; S. W., H. S. Pepoon. S. Mch.
Infrequent. C. & S.
BRAUNERIA Neck. Echinacea Moench.
2157. B. pallida (Nutt.) Britton. Pale Purple Cone-flower. Echinacea angustifolia
DC. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
2158. B. purpurea (L.) Britton. Purple Cone-flower. Echinacea purpurea Moench.
Univ. Herb. Harrington; Grand Rapids, Delia Bailey; St. Joseph, Dr. Houghton, 1838.
Rare. S. W.
BEAL QN MICHIGAN FLORA. 133
HELIAINTHUS L.
*2159. H. decapetalus L. Thin-leaved Wild Sunflower. Low grounds. Frequent.
L. P.
"2100. H. divaricatus L. Rough Sunflower. Dry woods. Common. Th.
*21G1. H. giganteus \.. Tall Sunflower. Low grounds; variable. Ionia Co.; Flint;
Ann Arbor; Alma; jMacomb Co. and northward. Common. Th.
2161a. H. giganteus subtuberosus (Bourg.) Britton. Rochester, Birmingham, 0. A.
Farwell.
21G2. H. grosseserratus ^Martens. Saw-toothed Sunflower. Port Huron, C. K.
Dodge; S. ^^^■ H. S. Pcpoon.
21(1.3. H. hirsutus Raf. StifT-haired Sunflower. Dry soil. Ann Arbor, and S. W.
21(54. H. Maximilian! Schrad. Adventive from the west. Bay Co., G. M. Bradford;
Houghton, Detroit, O. A. Farwell.
21G5. H. microcephalus T. & G. S. W., H. S. Pepoon.
21G0. H. mollis I.ani, Hairy Sunflower. Manistee, F. P. Daniels.
21G7. H. occidentalis Riddell. Few-leaved Sunflower. Sterile soil. Ionia Co.;
Flint; Grand Rapids; Macomb Co. Infrequent. C. & S.
2168. H. petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower. Introduced from the west to Ilub-
bardston, C. F. Wheeler; Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
2169. H. scaberrimus Ell. Stiff Sunflower. H. ligidns Desf. Dry soil. Ann Arbor,
Winch. Cat. S.
*2170. H. strumosus L. Pale-leaved Wood Sunflower. Dry soil. Frequent. C. & S.
2171. H. strumosus macrophyllus (Willd.) Britton. H. strumosus var. 'rnolUs
T. & G. Sturgis, F, P. Daniels.
2172. H. tracheliifolius Mill. Throatwort Sunflower. Copses. S. Mich., Wright's
Cat.; Macomb Co., Dr. D. Cooley. C. & S.
*2173. H. tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Sparingly escaped from gardens.
VERBESINA L. Actixomeris Nutt.
2174. V. alternifolia (L.) Britton. Actnomeris squarrosa Nutt. Rich soil. S.
Mich., Wright's Cat.; Dundee, C. F. Wheeler; Hudson, W. J. B.; islands in the Detroit
Ri\er. Maclagan. Can Cat. S.
COREOPSIS L.
2175. C. lanceolata L. Lance-leaved Tickseed. C. lunceolata amjustifolia T. & G.
Sandy shores of Lake Huron; sand hills, Cheboygan Co., B. & K.; sandy plains near
Baldwin, W. J. B.; south to Macomb Co., Cooley; Elk Rapids, W. S. Cooper. Th.
2176. C. palmata Nutt. Stiff Tickseed. S. Mich., Wright's Cat.; shore of Barron
Lake, C. F. Wheeler, 1890; Gull Prairie, Dr. Houghton, 1838.
2177. C. tinctoria Nutt. Garden Tickseed. Bay City, G. M. Bradford.
2178. C. tripteris L. Tall Coreopsis. Tall Tickseed. Detroit; Macomb Co.; Oak-
land Co.; S. Mich., Wright's Cat.; Ionia; Grand Rapids; Ann Arbor. S.
2179. C. verticillata L. Whorled Tickseed. Samaria, ^Nfaeomb Co., Grand Rapids,
C. F. Wheeler.
BIDENS L.
2180. B. aristosa (Michx.) Britton. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*2180. B. Beckii Torr. Water Marigold. S. Mich., Wright's Cat.; Ann Arbor; We.x-
ford Co., Cooley; Manistee, E. J. Hill; Indian River, C. F. Wheeler; Orion, O. A. Far-
well; St. Clair Lake and River, C. K. Dodge. Rare.
*2182. B. cernua L. Smaller Bur-^NIarigold. Wet places. Cheboygan Co., Kofoid;
Orion, Detroit. O. A. Farwell; Algonac, W. S. Cooper. Southward. Frequent. Th.
2182a. B. cernua elliptica Weigand, in part. Belle Isle, 0. A. Farwell.
*2183. B. laevis (L.) B. S. P. Large Bur-Marigold. B. chrysanthemoides Michx.
Swamps. Common. Th.
•2184. B. comosa (A. Gray) Wiegand. Leafy-bracted Tickseed. U. connata conwsa
A. Gray. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell; Alma; Ann Arbor. Infrequent.
*2185. B. connata I^luhl. Swamp Beggar-ticks. Low grounds. Common. Th.
2185a. B. connata anomala (J. A. F. Awns upwardly barbed, O. A. F. Detroit, O. A.
Farwell.
2185b. B. connata petiolata (Nutt.) 0. A. F. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
2186. B. discoidea (T. & G.) Britton. Small Beggar-ticks. Coreopsis difchUa
Torr. & Grav. Wet ground. Ionia Co.; Manistee, F. P. Daniels. Scarce.
134 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*2187. B. frondosa L. Common Beggar-ticks. Stick-tight. Low grounds. A trouble-
some weed. Common. Th.
2187a. B. trichosperma (Miclix.) Britton. Orion, O. A. Farwell.
2188. B. trichosperma tenuiloba (A. Gray) Britton. Coreopsis triclmsperma
tenuiloba A. Gray. Swamps. Flint; iMontcalm Co.; Ionia Co.; S. Mich., Wright's Cat.;
Orion. 0. A. Far\\ell. Common in pine country. Infrequent elsewhere.
2188a. B. vulgaris Greene. Detroit. O. A. Farwell.
2188b. B. vulgaris puberula (Wieg.) Greene. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell.
GALINSOGA R. & P.
5189. G. parviflora Cav. Detroit. W. S. Cooper. Introduced.
HELENIUM L.
*2190. H. autumnale L. Sneeze-weed. Eiver banks. Common. C. & S.
2191. H. tenuifolium Nutt. Fine-leaved Sneeze-weed. Port Huron, C. K. Dodge.
ACHILLEA L.
2192 A. lanulosa Xutt. Western Yarrow. Rochester, W. S. Cooper; Frequent in
U. P.. O. A. Farwell.
*219.3. A. Millefolium L. Common Yarrow or Milfoil. Fields. Common.
219.3a. A. Ptarmica L. Sneezewort. IVIich., Gray's Manual. Rare. Th.
ANTHEMIS L.
2194. A. arvensis L. Corn Chamomile. Introduced. Three Rivers, C. F. Wheeler;
Keweenaw Co.. near Detroit, O. A. Farwell; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
*2195. A. Cotula DC. Mav-\\eed. Dog-Fennel. Roadsides. Common. Th.
CHRYSANTHEMUM L.
2196. C. Balsamita tanacetoides Boiss. Mint-Geranium. Escaped from liardcns.
*2197. C. Leucanthemum L. Ox-eye or White Daisy. Meadows and pastures. Th.
2197a. C. Parthenium (L.) Pers. Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Farwell.
MATRICARIA L.
2198. M. inodora L. Scentless Camomile. Flint. Dr. D. Clark.
TANACETUM L.
2199. T. H-uronense Xutt. Lake Huron Tansy. Sand dunes at the head of Little
Traverse Bay. and northward. Frequent; Elk Rapids. W. S. Cooper.
*2200. T. vulgare L. Common Tansy. Escaped from gardens. Frequent.
*2201. T. vulgare crispum DC. More connnon than the species.
ARTEMISIA L.
2202. A. Abrotanum L. Southernwood. Escaped in Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell.
2203. A. Absinthium L. Common Wormwood. Ionia Co.; Flint; Gratiot Co.;
Keweenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell. Sparingly escaped from gardens.
2104. A. annua L. Annual Wormwood. Detroit, 0. A. Farwell: Now l'>aItiniore,
J. VV. Stacey.
*220.5. A. biennis Willd. Biennial Wormwood. A roadside weed, lately introduced
from the west and extending throughout the State.
220t». A. Canadensis ^lichx. Canada Wormwood. Sand dunes. l'>an<m Lake;
New BulTalo. C. V. Wheeler; Ottawa Co.; Fnimot Co.; to Lake Superior. Th.
^•2207. A. caudata Michx. Tall Wormwood. Hay Co., G. M. Bradford. Sandy fields.
Ionia Co.: Montcjiim Co.; S. Haven, L. H. Bailey. Infreqtient. C. & S.
2208. A. gnaphaloides Nutt. Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
2209. A. Ludoviciana Nutt. Western Mugwort. Dry banks. Niles, .T. T. Scoville.
Univ. Herb.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell. Rare.
2210. A. Stellariana Bess. Port Austin. C. A. Davis; Keweenaw Co., 0. A. Far-
well.
2211. A. vulgaris L. Common Mugwort. Waste places. Infrequent.
BEAL ON MICHIGAN FLORA. 135
TUSSILAGO L.
2212. T. Farfara L. Sault de Sto. ^Maiie, Whitney's Cat.; Washington, Macomb
Co., W. A. I'.rothcrton.
PETASITES Caertn.
221.3. P. palmata (Ait.) A. Gray. Harrisville, Oscoda, Alger, and westward; Ke-
weenaw Co.. O. A. Farwell; St. Clair Co., C. K. Dodge.
ARNICA L.
2214. A. lanceolata Nutt. Northern Arnica. Sliores of Lake Superior, Gray's
Manual;' Copper Harbor, Whitney's Catalogue. "It lias been confused with .4. Cham--
issonis of tlie west."' Britton's Manual.
ERECHTITES Raf.
*2215. E. hieracifolia ll..) Raf. P'irewced. New clearings. Common northward. Th.
MESADENIA Raf. Cacai.i.v 1.., in part.
221G. M. atriplicifolia (L.) Raf. Pale Indian Plantain. Cacalia atripUcifoIia L.
Woods. Ionia Co.; Alma; Ann Arbor; Manistee and Sturgis, F. P. Daniels: Battle
Creek. W. S. Cooper; Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon. Fre(|uent.
2217. M. tuberosa (Nutt.) Britton. Tuberous Indian Plantain. Cacalia tuberosa
Nutt. B. Mich., Wright's Cat.; three miles east of Kalamazoo, 1838, Dr. D. Houghton;
Huron and Tuscola counties; Mottville, I. N. ^Mitcliell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
SYNOSMA Raf. Cacalia L., in part.
2218. S. suaveolens (L.) Raf. Sweet-scented Indian Plantain. Cacalia sfnn-(f,lpns
L. Lodi, Miss Clark, in Winch. Cat.; Gray's ^lanual. Rare.
SENECIO L.
*22in. S. aureus L. Golden Ragwort. Squaw-weed. Verj' variable. Common. Th.
2220. S. aureus gracilis (Pursh.) Britt. A slender form of the Life-root, is fre-
quent at Linden Park. Detroit. (). A. Farwell.
2221. S. aureus lancelatus Oakes. Muskegon Co., C. D. McLouth.
*2222. S. Balsamitae Muhl. Balsam Groundsel. • S. aureus Balsamitae T. & G.
Berrien Co., H. S. Pepoon. Northward to Keweenaw Co.
*222.'?. S. discoideus (Hook.) Britton. North of Chandler's marsh near Lansing,
W. J. B. : Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
*2224. S. obovatus Muhl. Round-leaf Squaw-weed. .S'. aureus obovattis T. & G.
More common southward.
*2225. S. vulgaris L. Common Groundsel., Flint; Macomb Co. : S. W. ^lich. Wright's
Cat.; Keweenaw Co., O. A. Farwell.
ARCTIUM L.
*222('>. A. Lappa L. Great Burdock. Waste places. Common. Th.
2227. A. minus Schk. Common Burdock. .1. fjiii/ta miiiHs A. dray. Keweenaw
Co., O. A. Farwell; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford.
CARDUUS L. Cxicus L. in part.
*222S. C. altissimus L. Tall Thistle. Cninis altissimus Willd. Ionia Co.; Ann
Arbor; Flint; Macomb Co.; Bay Co., G. M. Bradford. Infrequent. C. & S.
*2229. C. arvensis (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle. Cnicus arvensis Hoffm. Fields. A
vile pest, introduced from Kuropc. Th.
22.30. C. crispus L. Port Huron. C. K. Dodge. Introduced from Europe.
•2231. C. discolor (Muhl.) Nutt. Field Thistle. Cnicus altissimus discolor A. Gray.
Meadows. .Montcalm Co.; Tuscola Co.; Ann Arbor; Ionia Co.; Flint; and southward.
Flowers sometimes white. Infrequent. C. & S.
2232. C. Hillii (Canby.) Porter. Hill's Thistle. Cnicus Hillii Canby. Muskegon,
U. F. Wheeler; Rochester, O. A. Farwell.
136 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.
*2233. C. lanceolatus I^. Common or Bull Thistle. Roadsides and fields. Common.
Th.
*2234. C. muticus (Mich.) Pers. Swamp Thistle. Cnicus miiticiis Pursh. Swamps,
low land. Frequent. Th.
2235. C. odoratus (Muhl.) Porter. C. pumihis Nutt. S. W. Mich., Wright's Cat.;
Macomb Co.. Dr. Cooley; Baldwin, W. J. B. ; Cheboygan Co., B. & K.
2236. C. Pitcheri (Torr.) Porter. Pitchers Thistle. Cnicus PiMieri Torr. Shores
of the Great Lakes; sand dunes.
2237. C. spinosissimus Walt. Yellow Thistle. Cnicus Jwrridus Pursh. N. shore
Lake Superior. Agassiz; Grand Detour, T. C. Porter.
2238. C. undulatus Nult. Wavy-leaved Thistle. Cnicus undulatus A. Gray. Islands
of Lakes Huron and Michigan, A. Gray; Drummond's I., Winch. Cat. N. & U. P.
MARIANA Hill. Silybum Gaertn.
*2239. M. Mariana (L.) Hill. Milk Thistle. Sihjhum Mariamnn Gaertn. Occasional.
ONOPORDON L.
2240. 0. Acanthium L. Cotton or Scotch Thistle. Grand Rapids; Detroit, O. A.
Farwell. Rare.
CENTAUREA L.
2241. C. Cyanus L. Blue-bottle. Escaped from gardens.
2242. C. nigra L. Black Knapweed. Centaury. Bay City, G. M. Bradford.
ECHINOPSIS.
2243. E. sphaerocephalus L. Well established at Three Rivers, C. F. Wheeler.
Grand Rapids, H. C. Skeels. Introduced from Europe as a plant for bees.
INDEX.
Page. I
Abele 67 '
Abies 39
Abutilon 100
Acacia, False 92
Three-thorned 91
Acalypha 96
Acanthacese 122
Acanthus Family 122
Aceracese 98
Acer 98
Acerates 112
Achillea 134
Achroanthes 66
Acnida "4
Acorus 58
ActiBa 78
Actinomeris 133
Adam-aad-Eve 66
Adder's-Mouth 66
Tongue 34, 61
Adenoeaulon 132
Adder's-Tongue Family 61
Adder's-Tongue, Yellow ... 61
Adiantum 37
Adicea "1
Adlumia 81
Adopogon 126
.«:sculus T 98
Agassiz, Louis, Catalogue
of 9
Agastache 115
Agrimonia 88
Agrimony 88
Agropyron 49
Agrostemma 75
Agrostis 46
Ailanthus 95
Aizoaceae 74
Ajuga 115
Alder 69
Black 97
Green or Mountain 69
Smooth 69
Speckled or Hoary 69
Aletris 61
Alexanders 106
Alfalfa 92
Alfilarllla 94
Alisma 42
Alismaceae 42
Allionia 74
Allium 61
Almendinger, Miss E. C,
regarding flora 9
Alnus 69
Alopecurus 45
Alsine 75, 76
Althaea 99
.\lum-root 85
Alyssum 84
Amaranthaceae 74
Amaranth 74
Amaranth Family 74
Amaranthus 74
18
Page.
Amarvllidaceoe 63
Amaryllis Family 63
Ambrosia 127
.\mbrosiacese 127
Amelanchier 89
.\mmophila 46
.\morpha • 92
Ampelopsis 99
.\mphicarpaea W
.\nacardlacefe 97
Anagallis 110
.\naphalis 131
.\udromeda 108
.\ndropogon 42
Andrpsace :• 108
Anemone 78
False Rue 78
Long fruited 78
Rue 78
Wind 78
^^•ood 78
Anemonella 78
.Vugelica 104
Anonacese 77
Antennaria 131
.Vnthemis 134
Anthoxanthum 44
Anychia 76
-•Vpera 46
Aphyllon 122
Apios 91
Aplectrum 66
Apocynaceae Ill
Apocynum 112
Apple Family 89
Apple
American Crab 89
Cultivated 89
May 80
of Peru 117
Thorn 118
.Vquilegia 78
Aratals 83
.V ra ceae 58
Aralia 104
.\ ra 1 iacem 104
Arbor Vitae 39
Arbutus, Trailing 108
Arcputhobium 71
.\rcbangelica 104
.\rctium 135
Arctostaphylos 108
.K renaria 76
.\rethusa 65
Argentina 87
-Vrissema 58
.Vristolochia 71
.Vristolochiacese 71
.\ristida 44
.\rnica 135
Aronia 89
Arrhenatherum 46
Arrow-head 42
wood 123, 124
I'age.
Artemisia 134
.\rtichoke, Jerusalem 13.3
Arum, Arrow 58
Dragon 58
Arum Family 58
Arum, Water 58
Asarum 71
Asclepiadacese 112
Ascleplas 112
Ash, American Mountain.. 89
Black 110
Blue 110
Green 110
Northern Prickly 95
Prickly 95
Red 110
White 110
Asimina 77
Asparagus 62
Aspen 67
American 68
Large-tooth 67
.\sphodel, False 60
Aspidium 36
-Vsplenium 37
-Vsprelia 50
Aster 129. 130, 131
Atlit ropogon 47
Astragalus 92
Atragene 79
Atriplex 73
Avena 46
Avens, Purple 88
Water 88
White 88
Bailey, L. H., as collector. 4
Bailey, L. 11., Carices
Keweenaw Penin 10
Bailey, L. H., plants at
South Haven 9
Balsamlnaceae 98
Balsam "9
Wild Apple 125
Baneberry 78
Red 78
White 78
Baptisia 91
Barbarea 82
Barberry 80
Barberry Family 80
Barley 50
Barren Soil Indicated by
Plants 16
Bartonia HI
Basil 117
Basswood 99
Batrachium 79
Bayberry 67
Beal, W. J., as author of
this work 3
Beal.W. J., Flora of Sandy
Pine Plains 16
138
INDEX.
Page.
Bean, Sacred 93
Wild 93
Bearberry 108
Beardslee, H. C. List of
Cheboygan Plants 11
Beard-tongue 119
Beayer-Poison 106 i
Bedstraw, Northern 123
Rough 123
Small 123
Sweet-scented 123
Bee-Balm 116
Beech 69
American 69
Blue or Water 69
Beech-drops 122
Bee Plants 24, 84
Beggar-tricks, Common. 133, 134
Swamp 133
Bellflower 125
Marsh 125
Tall 125
Bellwort 61
Benjamin-bush 80
Benzoin .-. 80
Berberldacefe 80
Berberis 80
Bergamot 116
Berry, Pigeon 74
Berula 106
Betula 69
Betulaeeae 69
Bibliography 9
Bicuculla 81
Bidens 13:3
BignoniaceJB 122
Bilberry 109
Bindweed 112
Black 72
Hedge 72
Birch 69
Black 69
Cherry 69
Dwarf 69
Low 69
Paper or Canoe 69
White 69
Yellow or Gray 69
Birthroot 62
Birthwort Family 71
Bishop's Cap So
Bitter-nut 67
Bittersweet 118
Climbing or Shrubby... 97
Bitted-weed 127
Birthwort 71
Birthwort Family 71
Blackberry, Common or
nigh 87
Low 87
Running Swamp S6. 87
Bladder Ketmia 100
Bladder-nut 98
Bladderwort Family 121
Bladderwort 121
Blazing-Star 60. 128
Blephariglottis 65
Blephilia 116
Blite, Strawberry 73
Blodgett, IL T.. Plants of
Mason County 10
Blitum 73
Blood-root 80
Bloodwort Family 80
Blueberry, Canada 109
Dwarf 109
Low 109
Swamp 109
Blue Bells 125
Blue-bottle 136
Blue-eyed Mary 119
Blue Grass, Kentucky 48
Blue-hearts 120
Bluets 123
Blue-weed 114
Page.
Boehmeria 71
Boneset 128
Borage Family 113
Borraginaceae 113
Borage 114
Botrychium 35
Bouncing Bet 75
Bouteloua 47
Bowman's Root 86
Box-Elder 98
Brachyactis 131
Brachvelytrum 45
Bradford, G. M., as Col-
lector 5
Brake 35, 36, 37
Cliff 37
Rock 37
Bramble ....37, 86, 87
Brasenia 76
Brassica 81. 82
Brauneria 132
Britton, N. L.. Manual fol-
lowed 5, 9
Briza 48
Bromus 49
Brooklime, American 120
Broom-rape Family 122
Broom-rape 122
Brook-weed 109
Brotherton, AV. K., as Col-
lector 5
Brunella (see Prunella)... 116
Buchnera 120
Buckbean Ill
Buckeye. Ohio 98
Buckthorn 98
Buckthorn Family 98
Buckwheat '. 72
Buckwheat Family 72
Buckwheat, Clambing.
False 72, 73
Buda 76
Buffalo-berry 102
Bugbane 78
Bugle-weed 115. 117
Bugloss. Viper's 114
Bug-seed 74
Bulrush .59. 60
Bunch-berry ...' 106
Bunch-flower Family 60
Burdock 135
Burnet, Canadian, Great.. 88
Burning-Bush 97
Bursa 83
Burt. W. A., Catalogue of. 9
Bush-Clover 93
Strawberry 97
Butter and Eggs 119
Buttercup 79
Rutterfly-weed 112
Butternut 67
Butter-weed : 135, 136
Butterwort 121
Button-bush 123
Buttonwood 86
Cabbage, Skunk 124
Cacalia 135
Cactaceae 102
Cactus Family 102
Caesalphinacese 91
Cakile 81
Calamagrostis 46
Calamintha 117
Calamint 117
Calamovilfa 46
Calamus 58
Calceolaria 102
Calla 58
Callitrichacese 96
Callitriche 95
Calopogon 65
Caltha 77
Calypso 66
Page.
Camassia 61
Camelina : 59, 83
Cammelinacea; 59
Camomile 134
Campanula 125
Campanula Family 125
Campanulaceae 125
Campbell, D. H., Plants of
Detroit river 9
Campion, Bladder 75
Campion, Starry 75
White 75
Camptosorus 37
Cancer-root 122
Cannabis 71
Caper Family 84
Capnoides 81
Capparidacea? 84
( 'aprif oliacese 123
Capriola
Capsella S3
Caraway 106
Cardaniine 82
Cardinal-flower 125
Carduus 135, 136
Carex 53
Carnation 75
Carpet-weed 74
Carpinus 69
Carrion-Flower 63
Carrot . . : IW
Carrot Family 104
Carum 106
Carya 67
Caryophyllaeeffi 75
Cassandra 108
Cassia 91
Castalia 77
Catalpa 122
Castanea 69
Castilleia 121
Cat-brier 63
Catchfly 75
Night-flowering 75
Sweet-Williara 75
Sleepy 75
Catgut 92
Cat-Mint 115
Catnep 115
Cat-tail 40
Cat-tail Family 40
Caulophyllum 80
Ceanothus 99
Cedar. Red 40
White 39
Celandine 80
( 'elastrace* 97
Celastrus 97
Celtis 70
Cenchrus 44
Centaurea 136
Centaury 110, 136
Ceplialanthus 123
( 'erastium 76
Ceratophyllaceffi 77
Ceratophyllum 77
Cercis 91
Chjenorrliinum 119
Chaerophyllum 105
ChiPtochloa 44
Chamsedaphne 108
ClK-etocbloa 44
Chaniaelirium 60
Chamffiuerion 103
Chamomile, Wild 134
Charlock, English 82
Cheat 49
Chclone 119
Cliclidonium ^ 80
( 'beuoitodiacea; 73
Ch('iioi)odium 73
Cherry, Black 91
Choke 91
Dwarf 91
Ground 118
INDEX.
139
rago.
Cherry. Kod 91
Siind 91
Chervil 105
Chess, Wild 49
Chestnut 69
Chickweed 76
Field 76
Forked 76
I^arger Mouse oar 76
Mouse-ear 76
Chicory 126
Chicory Family 126
Chimaphila 1(X7
Chinquapin, Water 77
Chiogenes 109
Choke-berry 89
Chrysanthpniuni 134
Chrysopogou 42
Chrysospleniuin 85
Cichoriacea' 126
Cichorium 126
Cicuta 106
Cimlcif uga 78
Clnque-foil, Common 88
Marsh 87
Shrubhv 87
Silverv 88
Tall 87
Three toothed 87
Cinna 45
Circffia 103
Cistaceaj 100
Cladium 53
Clammy-weed 84
Clark, II. L.. Notes on the
Flora of Eaton Co 10
Claytonia 74
Clearweed 71
Cleavers 123
Climate 12
Clematis 78, 79
Cleome 84
Clinopodium 117
Cllntonia 62
Clotbur 128
Clover 92
Alsike 92
I'.iish 93
Low Hop 92
Mammoth 92
I'rairie 92
Rabbit-foot or Stone... 92
lied 92
IJunning Buffalo 92
Sweet 92
White 92
Vellovir or Hop 92
Club-Moss 38
Club-Moss Family 38
Cnicus ". 133, 136
Cockle 75
Cocklebnr 128
Coeloglossum 64
Coffee-tree, Kentucky 9f
Cohosh 78
Klack 78
Blue 80
Cole, Miss I'mma .1.. as
Collector 4
Cole, Miss Emma J., List
of Plants Collected in
and about Grand Raijids. 10
Coleman, N.. Catalogue of. 9
Colic-root 61
Collinsia 119
Colllnsonla 117
Coltsfoot 135
Sweet 135
Columbine 78
Columbo. American Ill
Comandra 71
Comarum 87
Comf rev 114
Wild 113
Page.
Commelina 83
Comparison of trees of
Michigan with those of
other countries 1.32
Compass-IMant 128
Composite found on Pine
Plains 17
Composite Family 128
Comptonia ' 67
Cone-flower, Purple 132
Conifene .39
Conioselinum 105
Conium 106
Conoi)hoIis 122
Conringia 81
Contents 7
Convallariaceaj 62
Convolvulaceae 112
Convolvulus 112
Convolvulus I'amily 112
Cooley, D., Catalogue of 9
Cooper, W. S., as Collector 5
Coptis 78
Coral-berry 124
Corallorhiza 66
« 'oral-root 66
Cockle, Corn 75
Cord-Grass, Fresh-water.. 47
Coreopsis 133, 134
Corispermum 74
Cornacew 106
Cornel 106
Dwarf 107
Panicled 107
Silky 106
Corn Salad 125
Cornus 106
Corpse-plant 107
Corydalis SI
Golden 81
Pale 81
Corylus 69
Cotton-wood 67
Cowbane, Spotted 105
Cow berry 87
Cow-herb 75
Cowslip. American 110
Virginian 114
Cow- Wheat 121
Crab-grass 43
Cracca 92
Cranberry 43
Large or American .... 109
Small 109
Cranberry-tree 124
Crauesbill 94
Crassulace.c 85
Crata-gus 9;)
Creeper, Virginia 99
Crepis 127
Cress, Bitter 79, 82
Balbous 82
Cow 81
Lake 82
Marsh 79
Purple 82
Rock 79. 81, 83
Small Bitter 79
Spring 79
True Water 79, 82
Water 79
Winter 82
Yellow 82
("rosswart 110
Crotalaria 91
Crowberry Family 97
Crowberry, Black 97
C-'rowfoot 79
Crowfoot Family 77
Crowfoot, Bristly 79
Bulbous 79
('ommon White Water. 79
Cursed 79
Early 7rt
Page.
'"rowfoot. Hooked 79
Rock 79
Sea-side 79
Small-flowered 79
Stiff Water 79
Tall 79
Yellow Water 79
Cruciferaj 81
Cryptogramma 37
CryptotiPnia 106
Cuckoo Flower 82
Cucumber 125
Cucumber-root, Indian .... 62
Cucurbitacefe 126
Cudweed 132
Low 132
Purplish '. .. 1,32
Culver's-root 120
Cup. Plant 1.32
Cupuliferjc 69
Currant, Fetid 86
Indian 124
Red 8G
Wild Black 86
( "uscutacese 113
Cuscuta 113
Custard-apple Family 77
Cut-grass. Rice 44
Cycloloma 73
Cymbal.-iria 119
Cynancbum 112
Cynodon 47
Cynoglossura 113
Cynosurus 48
Cyperaceae 50
Cyperus 50
Cypripedium 64
Cystopteris 36
Dactylis 48
Daisy, Ox-eye 134
White 1.34
Dalibarda 87
Dandelion 126
Dwarf 126
Fall 126
Daniels, Francis P., as Col-
lector 5
Daniels, Francis P.. Flora
of the Vicinity of Manis-
tee 10
Daniels, Francis P., Ecol-
ogy of the Flora of
Sturgis and vicinity 10
Danthonia 46
Darnel 49
Dasiphora 87
Dasystoma 120
Datura 118
Daucus 104
Davis. C. A.. The Flora of
Michigan Lakes 10
Davis. C. A., Flora of
Tuscola County 10
Davis, C. A., Botanical
Notes on Huron Co. ., 10
Davis, C. A., Herbarium of 5
r>avis, Geo. W., as Col-
lector 5
Da.y-flower 83
Decodon 102
Deerberry 106
Deer-grass 102
Dennsta-dtia 35
Dentaria 83
Deringa 106
Deschampsia 46
Desmodium 93
Dewberry 87
Dewey, L. II.. List of Te-
cumseh Plants 11
Dianthera 122
Dianthus 75
140
INDEX.
Page.
Itiarrliena 48
r»icei)tra 81
I)icksonia 35
Diervilla 124
r»loscorea 63
Dioscoreaceae 63
Diplotaxis 82
Dipsaceae 125
Dipsacus 125
Dirca 102
Distribution of Plants 12
Dock
Bitter
Broad-leaved
Curled
Narrow
Pale
I'atience
Prairie 132
Swamp 72
White 72
Dockmackie 123
Dodder 113
Dodecatheon 110
Dodge, C. K., as Collector. 5
Dodge, C. K., List of Port
Huron Plants 10
Flora of St. Clair Co. . 10
Doellingeria 131
Dogbane 112
Dogbane Family Ill
r)ogwood Family 106
Dogwood, Flowering 107
Poison 97
Round-leaved 107
Draba 83
I »racocephalum 116
Dragon-head 116
False 116
Dragon-root 58
Drosera 84
Droseracae 84
Drupaceae 90
I )rymoeallus 87
1 )uck"s-meat 58
Duckweed 58
Duckweed Family 58
I>ulichium 51
Dutchman's Breeclies 81
Kagle Fern
Katonia
Echinacea
Echinochloa
Echinocystis
Echinodorus
Echinops
Echinospermum
Echium
Ecology
Elseagnaceae
Elder
Marsh
Ked-berried
Wild
Elecampane
Eleocharis 51,
Eleusine
Elm
American
Cork
Red'
Rock
Slippery
Elodea 42,
lOlymus
Empetraceae
Empetrum
Epigaea
Epilobium
lOpiphegus
Equisetacea;
Equisetum
Page.
Eragrostis 47
Erechtites 135
Ericaceae 108
Ericaceae, Found on Pine
Plains 17
Erigenia 106
Erigeron 131
Eriocaulaceae 59
Eriocaulon 59
Eriophorum 52
Erodium 94
Eryngium 105
Ervsimum 83
Erythraea 110
Erythronium 61
Kuonymus 97
Eupatorium 128
Euphorbia 96
Euphorbiaceao 96
Euphrasia 121
Euthamia 129
Evening Primrose 103
Evening Primrose Family. 102
Everlasting, Pearlv 132
Eyebright ...» 121
Fagopyrum
Fagaceae
Fagus
Falcata
False Heather
False Mermaid Family
Families of Plants not rep-
resented on the Pine
Plains
Families, Sequence of
Farwell, O. A., List of
Plants of Detroit
Farwell, O. A., as Collector
Fennel
I'^ennel-flower
Fennel. Dog
Fern, Beech
Chain
Christmas
Cinnamon
Flowering
Male
Sensitive
Shield
Fertile Soil, Plants Indi-
cating
Fertile Soil Indicated by
Plants
Fescue, Meadow
Taller
Sheep's
Festuca
Fever-bush
Fover-wort
Fig, Indian
Figwort Family
Figwort 115,
Filbert
Filices 34, 35,
Filix
Fimbristylis
Finger-Grass 42,
Fir, Balm of Gilead
Balsam
Fire Pink
Fireweed
Five-Fingor, Marsh 87,
Flag, Blue
Cat-tail
Sweet
Flax
False
Flax Family
Fleabane, Common
Daisy
Flixweed
Floating Heart
18
49
49
49
49
80
124
102
119
119
69
36
36
51
43
39
39
75
133
88
63
40
58
95
83 I
95 I
131 I
131
83 I
111 i
Page.
Fhprkea 97
Flora. Eastern and West-
ern Sides Contrasted ... 20
Flora of Pine Plains 16
Flower-de-Luce 63
Fwniculum 106
Fcerste. A. F.. Plants of
Belle Isle 9
Fog-fruit 115
Forage Plants 23
P^orget-me-not 114
Foster. .7. W., Catalogue of 9
Four-o'clock 74
Four-o'clock Family 74
Foxglove, Downy False ... 120
Smooth False 120
Foxtail, Meadow 45
Fragaria 87
Frasera Ill
Frasinus 110
Fringed-Orchis, Ragged ... 65
Frost-weed 100
Fuirena 52
Fumaria 81
F\imariaceae 80
I'^umitory Family 80
Fumitory, Climbing 81
Galeopsis 116
Galeorchis 64
Gale, Sweet 67
Galinsoga 134
Galium 123
Garlic, Wild 61
Gaultheria 108
Gaura 103
Gaylussacia 108
Gentianaceae 110
Gentian Family 110
Gentian, Closed Ill
Fringed Ill
Horse 124
Smaller Fringed Ill
Soapwort HI
Spurred Ill
Gentiana Ill
(ieraniaceae 94
Geranium 94
Geranium Family 94
Gerardia 120
Purple 120
Slender 121
Germander, American 115
Geum 88
Gillenia 86
Gill-over-the-Ground 115
Ginger, Wild 71
Ginseng Family 104
Ginseng 104
Dwarf 104
Glecoma 115
Gleditsia 91
Globe Flower 77
Glyceria 48
Gnaphalium . . ./ 132
(Joat's-beard 126
Goat's Rue 92
Golden-rod 129
Golden Seal 77
Goldthread 78
Three-leaved 78
Good-Kiug-lIenry 73
Goodyera 66
Gooseberry Family 86
Gooseberry, Missouri 86
Swamp 86
Goosefoot Family 73
Goosefoot 73, 125
Maple-leaved 73
-Oak-leaved 73
Gourd Family 125
(jraminea; . ." 17, 42
Grape 99
Summer 99
INDEX.
Ill
I'age.
<;raphpphoriim 48
(irass Family 42
Orass, Arrow 42
Barnyard 43
Beard 42
Bent 46
Bermnda 47
Black 60
Blue 4.S
Blue-eyed 63
Blue-Joint 46
Bottle 60
Bottle-brush 50
Brome 49
Brown Bent 46
Bur 44
Canary 44
Cockspur 43
Cord 47
Cotton 52
Couch 49
Crab 43
Deer 102
Dog's-tail 47, 4S
Drop-seed 45
Eel 42
English Blue 49
Feather 45
Fescue 49
Fioriu 46
Fowl Meadow 48
Foxtail 44, 45
Goose 123
Grama 47
Hair 46
Holy 44
Hungarian 44
Indian 42
June 48
Knot 72
Lyme 50
Manna 4S
Meadow ^S, 49
Millet 44, 45
Oat 45, 46
Old-witch 43
Orchard 4S
Panic 43
of I'arnassus 85
Pepper 81
Pigeon 44
I'orcupine 45
Quack 49
Quaking 4S
Quick 49
Quitch 49
Rattlesnake 4S
Rav 49
Red Top 46, 47
Reed 47
Reed Canary 44
Rush 45
Rye 49
Sand 47
Sand-Reed 46
Scorpion 114
Spear 48
Squirrel-tall 5o
Star 63
Stink 47
Sweet Vernal 44
Thin 46
Triple-awned 44
White 44
Whitlow S3
Wire 47, 48
Wood Reed 45
Yard 47
Yellow-eyed 63
Oratlola 120
Gray. Dr. Asa, on Causes
for Distribution of
Trees 22
Manual of Botany Con-
sulted 9
Pago.
G reenbrler &'>
( 'ommon 63
Grindelia 128
(Jromwell 114
Corn 114
False 114
Ground-nut 91
Grossularlaceffi 86
* Ground Pine 38
(Jroundsel 135
Gum-plant 128
(iymnandenlopsis 64
( Jymnocladus 91
(Jypsophila 75
( Jyrostachys 65
I labenarla 64, 65
llackberry 70
llelenia HI
llaloragidacese 104
llamamelidaceae 86
Itamamelis 86
Ilarbinger-of-Spring 106
Hardback 86
Harebell 125
Harrington, M. W., Herba-
rium of 11
llartmaunia 10-'^
Haw, Black 124
Hawkbit 126
llawksbeard 127
I lawkweed 126, 127
Long-bearded
Hawthorn 91
Hazel-nut 69
Beaked 69
Wild 69
Heal-all 116
Heart's-case 101
Heath Family 108
Hcdeoma 116
Hedgehog-grass 44
Helenium 134
Helianthemum 100
llclianthus 133
lleliopsis 132
Hemerocallis 61
Hemicarpha 53
Hemlock 39
Ground 40
I'arsley lO'i
Poison 106
Water 106
Hemp 71
Indian 113
Hemp-Nettle 116
Hemp-weed, Climbing 128
Henbane, Black 118
llepatica 78
1 leracleum 105
Herbaria Consulted 10
Herbarium of Alma Col-
lege, made by O. J. Stil-
well and C. A. Davis 10
Herbarium of Geo. L.
Ames 11
W. J. Beal 11
Dr. D. Clark lu
Miss Mary II. Clark.... 11
G. F. Comstock 11
Dr. D. Cooley 10
C. A. Davis 11
M. W. Harrington 1 1
G. H. Hicks 11
Dr. D. Houghton 11
Geo. D. Sones 11
State University notic-
ed 11
F. B. Wood 11
Herb Robert 91
Herd's-Grass 45
Hesperis 84
Heteranthera 59
Heuchera 85
Page.
Hv.ssop 117
Hibiscus 100
Hicks, G. II., Herbarium
of 11
Hicks, G. H., as collector.. 5
Hicks, G. H., New and
Rare I'lant.s of Michigan 10
Hickory, Shag-bark 67
llicoria 67
Hieracium 127
Hierochloe 44
Hill, E. J., Plant.'* of Me-
nominee Region 9
Hill. E. J., Flora of Lake
Siiperior Region 9
Ilippocastanacea; 98
lli|)))uris 104
Hobble-bush 123
Hog-weed 127
HoIIv Family 97
Holly 97
Mountain 97
HomalocenchruH 44
Honeysuckle Family 123
Honeysuckle 124
Fly 124
Honewort 106
Hf>p TO
Hop-Hornbean 69
.Vmerican 69
Hop tree 95
Hordeum 5<)
Horehound 115
Water 117
Hornbeam 69
A merican 69
1 lorn wort Family 77
Hornwort 75, 106
Horse-brier 63
Horse-chestnut 98
Horseradish 82
'Horsetail Family 38
Horsetail 38
' Horseweed 131
i Houghton, Dr. D., Ilerba-
1 rium of 11
Hound's Tongue 113
i Iloustonia 123
Huckleberry 108
Black 108
lludsonia 100
Hull, W. C, List of Albion
Plants 11
Humulus 70
Huntman's Cup 84
Hyacinth, Grape 61
I Wild 61
Hydrastis 77
Hydrocotyle 106
HydrophyllacefB 113
Ilydrophyllum 113
Hypericacece 100
Hypericum VJO
\ Hypopitys 108
I Hypoxys 63
1 lyssopus 117
' Hyssop 117
! Giant '. . . 115
I Hedge 120
' H voscyamus 118
! Ilystrix 50
Ibcris SI
Ilex 97
Ilicacea; 97
Iliciodes 97
Ilysanthes 120
Impatiens 98
Imi)eratoria 105
Indian Physic 86
Indigo, False 91
White 91
Wild 91
Innocence 123
U2
INDEX.
Page.
lonidium 102
Inula 132
Ipomoea 113
Iridaceae 63
Iris 63
Lake Dwarf 63
Iris Family 63
Iron-weed 12S
Iron- wood 69
Isnardla 102
Isoetacese 39
Isoetes 39
Isopyrum 78
Isotria 65
Iva 127
Ivy, American ^ 99
Kenilworth 119
Poison 97
Jamestown-^^■eed 118
Jeffersonia 80
Jewel-weed 9S
Joe-Pye Weed 128
Jointweed 73
Judas-tree 91
Juglandacea? 67
Juglans 67
Junoacese 59
Juncoides 60
Juncus 59
June-berry 89
Juniperus 40
Juniper 40
Kalmia 108
King-nut 67
Kinnikinnik 86
Knawel 76
Kneiffia 103
Knotweed 73
Koeleria 47
Koellia 117
Kofoid, C. A., List of <'lic-
boygan Plants 11
Korvcarpus 6>i
Ki-igia 126
Kuhnia 128
Kuhnistera 92
Kyllinga 51
I-abiatse 115
Labrador Tea 108
Lacinaria 128
Lactufa 126
Ladies' 'J'resses 65
Lady's Slipper 64
Larger Yellow 64
Showy W
Smaller Yellow 64
Stemless 64
Small White 64
Lady's Thumb 72
Lambkill 108
Lamb's-Quartcrs 73
Lamium 116
Laportea 71
Lappula 114
Lapsana 126
Larch 39
American or I'.Iack .... 39
Larix 39
Lathyrus 91
Lauracese SO
Laurel Family 80
Laurel, American 108
Ground 108
Sheep 108
Lead-plant 92
Leaf-cup I.i2
Leather-leaf 108
Leatherwood 102
Lechea 101
Page.
Ledum 108
Leek. Wild 61
Leersia 44
Leguminosse 91
Lemnacea; 58
Lemna 5S
I-entibulariaceae 121
Leontodon 126
Ijeonurus 116
Lepachys 132
I-epidium 81
Leptamium 122
Leptafldra 120
Leptilon 131
Leptorchis 66
Lespedeza 93
I Lettuce 126, 127
Florida 126
• Prickly 127
Wild 126
Leucophysaiis 118
Lever-wood 69
Liatris 128
Lilac 110
Liliacea 61
Lilium 61
Lily Family 61
Lilv ". 61
Day 61
Turk's Cap 61
Water Tuber-bearing .. 77
Wild Yellow 61
Y'ellow I'ond 77
Wild Orange-red 61
! Lilv-of-the- Valley 62
"False 62
Limnanthaeea- 97
Limnanthemum Ill
Limnorchis 64
Limodorum 65
Limosella 120
Linacese 95
Linaria 119
Linden 99
Linden Family 99
I>indera 80
Linnsea 124
Linum 95
Ijipari.s 66
Lippia 115
Liquorice, Wild 123
Liriodendron 77
Listera 65
Lithospermum 114
Live-for-ever 85
Liver-leaf 78
Livingston, Burton 10.. The
Distribution of the Plant
Societies of Kent Co 10
Livingston, Burton F... The
Relation of Soils to Nat-
ural Vegetation 10
Lizard's-tail 67
Lobelia ceaj 125
Lobelia Family 125, 126
Lobelia. Great 126
Water 125
liOcust. Clammy 92
Common 92
False Acacia 92
Honey 91
I>ocust-tree 92
Lolium 49
i^ongyear, B. <)., iis Col-
lector 4
Lonicera 124
Looking-glass. Venus's 125
Loosestrife Family 102
Loosestrife 102, 110
Swamp 102
Tufted 110
Lophanthus 115
I-opseed 122
Loranthacea; 71
Lotus 77
Page.
Lousewon 121
Lucerne 92
Ludwigia 102, 103
Lungwort 114
Lupine. Wild 91
Lupinus 91
Luzula 60
Lychnis 75
Evening 75
Lycium 118
Lycopodiaceie 38
Lycopus 117
Lycopodium 38
Lyonia 108
Lyons. A. B., Medicinal
Plants 9
Lysias 64
Lysiella 65
Lysimachia 109, 110
LythraceiB 102
Lythrum 102
Macoun, John. Catalogue
of Canadian I'lants 10
Madder Family 123
Maianthemum 62
Maidenhair 37
Magnoliacese 77
Magnolia Family 77
Mallow 97
Mallow Family 99
Mallow, Common 99
Curled 99
High 99
Musk 99
Kose 100
Swamp Rose 100
Malus 89
Malvaceaj 99
Malva 99
Mandrake 80
Man-of-the-Earth 113
Maple Family 98
Maple 98
Ash-leaved 98
Black Sugar :.. 98
Mountain 98
Norway 98
Red 98
Rock 98
Striped 98
White or Silver 98
Mare's Tail 104
Mariana 136
Marigold, Bur 133
Larger Bur 133
Marsh 77
Smaller Bur 133
Marrubium 115
Masterwort 105
.Matricaria 134
Matriuiony-Viue 118
.Matte\iccia 35
.Matthiola 82
.May-apple ■ SO
May-wted 134
McLouth, C. D., as Col-
lector 5
Meadow-Beauty Family ... 102
Meadow Rue, lOarly 79
Purplish 79
Tall 79
Meadow-Sweet 62, 86
Medeola 62
.Medicago 92
Medick, Black 93
.Meibomia 93
Melampyrum 121
.NielantliaceiD 60
MelastomaceiE 102
Melilot, Yellow 92
White 92
Melilotus 92
Menisperniaccje SO
INDEX.
143
Mcnispermum 80
Mentha 117
Menyanthacese Ill
Menynnthes Ill
Mercury, Three-seeded ... 96
Mermaid, False KM
Mermaid-weed 104
Mertensia 114
Mesndenia 135
Mexican Tea 73
Mezereon Family 102
Micranipelis 125
Microstylis 1,6
Mignonette 84
Milvania 128
^fill<weed Family 112
Milkweed 112
Green 112
Purple 112
Swamp 112
Milkwort 95
Milium 45
Millet 45
Mimulus 119
Mint l''amily 115
Mint, Corn 117
liorse 116
Mountain 117
Wild 117
Mistletoe 71
Mistletoe Family 71
Mist-flower 128
Mitchella 123
Mitchell. I. N., List of
Michigan I'lants 11
Mitella So
Mitre-wort 85
False 85
M()ccason-flower 64
Mocl<er-nut ^ 67
Moehringia 76
Mollugo 74
^ronarda 116
Moueses 107
Moneywort 109. 110
Monkey-flower 119
Monoti-opa 107. 108
Monolropacese 107
Moonseed 80
Moonseed Family 80
Moonwort 108
Moosewood 102
Morning Glory 112, 113
Moracea; 70
Morus 70
Moseley, E. H., Plants of
Union City 11
Motherwort 116
Mudwort ICO
Mugwnrt 134
Muhlenliergia 45
Mulberry 70
Ued 70
White 70
Mullein 119
Moth 11!)
I'ink 75
Musk-flower 110
Muscari 61
Musquash Uoot 106
Mustard Family SI
Mustard, iJlack 82
Hedge 81
Indian S2
Tansy 83
Tower S.3
White 81
Worm-seed s:!
Myrica 67
.Myricacea} 67
Myriophyllum 104
Myosotis 114
Nahalus 127
Page.
NaiadaccM' 40
Naias 40
Nasturtium 82
Naniiiliergia 110
Neckweed 120
Negundo 98
Neluml)o 77
Netnopanthes 97
Xepeta 115
Nettle Familv 71
Nettle 71
Dead 116
False 71
Hedge 116
Horse 118
Wood 70
Nettle Tree
Nicandra 117
Nicotiana 118
Nigella : 80
Nightshade US
Enchanter's 103
Nightshade Familv 118
Nimble Will 45
Nine-bark 86
Nipplewort ...- 126
Nonesuch 92
Northern Plants Found on
the East Side of the
State 20
Nuphar . . . .' 77
Nyctaginaceaj 74
Nymphffia 77
Nvmpha>aceiP 76
Nyssa 107
Oak Family 70
Oak 70
Alexander's 70
Black 70
Pur 70
Chestnut 70
Dwarf Chestnut 70
Grav 71)
Hill's 70
.Terusalem 73
r.atu-el 70
Over-cup or Mossv-cup. 70
Pin 70
Poison 97
Ued 70
Scarlet 70
Schneck's 70
Shingle 70
Spanish 70
Swaiui) White 70
White 70
Vellow 70
Yellow-barked 70
Oat 46
Oats, Water 44, 46
Oat-grass 44
(Enothera 103
OleacefB 110
Oleaster Familv lo2
Olive Family 110
Onagra 103
Onagracea> 102
Onion. Wild 61
Onoclea 35
Onopordon 136
Onosmodium 114
Ophioglossacete 34
Ophioglossum 34
Opulaster 86
Opuntia 102
Orache 73
OrchidaceiP 64
Orchis Familv 64
Orchis .■ 64
Crane-fly 66
Fen 66
Showv 64
Page.
f)rchls. While, Fringed 65
Yellow, Fringed 65
r)rpine Family 85
Orpine 85
<;arden 85
Orobanchacea; 122
Orth. S. P., List of Plants
of Imlay City 11
Oryzopsis 45
Osier, P.asket 68
Osmorrhiza 106
Osnmndacca; 35
Osmunda 35
Ostrya 69,
Overlapping of Northern
and Southern Species — 19
Oxalidacese 95
Oxalis 95
Ox-e-ye 132
Oxycoccus 109
Oxygraphis 79
r)xyphabus 74
Oxypolis 105
Oyster Plant 126
Painted-cup 121
Scarlet 121
I'almer. Elmore, Catalogue
of 9
Panicularia 48
Panicum 43
Pansy 101
Papaveraceae 80
Papaver 80
Papaw 77
PapilionacejB 91
Pappoose-root 80
Parnassia 85
Parnassiacea; 85
Parsnip 10.5, 106
Water 106
Parsley Family 104
Piirthenocissus 99
Pasfjue Flower 78
I'aspalum 43
Partridge-berry 123
Pastinaca 105
Pea Familv 91
Pea, Beach 94
Marsh 94
I'ea-nut, Hog 94
Pear 89
Pear. Prickly 102
Pearlwcrt 76
I'edicularis 121
Pelliea 37
Peltandra 58
I'ennycress 81
Pennyroyal, American — 116
Penthonaceifi 85
Pennywort, Water 106
Penthorum 85
Pentstemon 119
Pepper Family 67
Pejjpergrass 81
Pfppi ridge 107
Pepprrinint 117
I'eramiuui 66
Periwinkle HI
Persicaria 72
Perularia 64
Petalostemon 92
I'etasites 135
Petunia 118
Phaca 92
Phacelia 113
Phalaris 44
Phegopleris 36
Philotria
Phleum 45
Phlox 113
Phlox Family 113
Phragmites 47
Phryma 122
144
INDEX.
Page. I
Phrj-maceiB 122
Physalis 118
Physalodes 117
Physocarpa S6
Physostegia 116
Phytolaceacea 94
Phytolacca T4
Plcea 39
Pickerel-weed 59
Pickerel-weed Family 59
Picris 126
Pieters, A. J.. Plants of
Lake St. Clair 10
Pigeon-berry 74
Pig-nut 67
Pig-weed 73, 74
Winged 73
Pilea 71
Pimpernel 110
False 120
AVater 10?
Pimpinella 105
Pine Family 39
Pine. Ground 38
.Jack 39
Norway 39
Red 39
Sap 108
White 39
Pine Drops 107
Pine Plains, Flora of 16
Pine-weed 100
Pine-sap 108
Pinguicula 121
Pink I'amily 75
I'ink 75
Fire 7o
Ground or .Moss 113
Mullein 75
Pinus ^^
Pinweed 1^
Pipe, Indian 107
Pipewort Family 59
Pipsissewa 107
Pitcher Plants §4
Plane-tree Family 86
Plant, Lead 92
Plantaginai pse l^
Plantago 1^
Plantain Family i^i
Plantain 122, 123
English 122
Indian i^o
Mud 58
I'ale Indian 135
Rattlesnake 66
Tuberous Indian 135
Plant Lists Consulted, Fur-
nished by :
Beardslee, H. C 11
Bradford, G. M 11
Cooper, W. S H
Daniels, F. P H
Davis, C. A 11
Dewey, L. H 11
Dodge, C. K 11
Farwell, O. A H
Foerste, A. F H
Hull. W 11
Kofoid. C. A 11
Mitchell, I. N 11
Moseley, E. H H
Orth, S. P 11
Pepoon, H. S H
Stacey, I. W 11
St. Johns 11
Plants for bees
Fast disappearing and
how 28
Immigrated from the
Northeast 20
Immigrated from the
North and West 21
Indicating fertile soil .. 18
Page.
IMants Overlapping in the
G Kiver Valley 19
Platanacese 86
Platanus 86
I'leurisy-root 112
I'lum Family ~ 90
Plum, Cherry 90
Wild 90, 91
Yellow 90
Poa 48
Podophyllum 80
Podostemaceie 84
Podostemon S4
Pogonia 65
Poisonous i'lauls 27
Poke 74
Pokeweed 74
Pokeweed Family 74
Polauisia 84
Polemoniaceae 113
Polycodium 108
Polygala 95
Polygalacea; 93
Polygonacein 72
Polygonatuui 62
Polygonella 73
Polygonum 72
Polypodiai f :i' 35
Polypodiuni 37
Polypody 37
I'olymuia 132
Polystichuni 36
Polytienia 105
Pomateje 89
Pondweed 40
Pondweed Family 40
Pontederia 59
Pontederiacea" 59
Poplar 67
Balsam 67
Downy 68
Necklace 67
White 67
Poppv Family 80
Poppy 80
Celandine 80
Populus 67
Porteranthus 86
Portulaca 74
I'ortulacaceae 74
Potato Family 117
I'otomageton 40
Potato vine. Wild 113
Potentilla 87, 88
I'oterium 88
Prairie Plants 19
Prenanthes 127
Primrose Family 109
Primrose, Bird's-eye 109
Evening 108
Showy 103
I'rimula 109
PrimulaceiB 109
l'riuce"s Feathei' 72
l'rince"s Pine 10'?
Proserpinaca 104
I'runella 116
I'runus 90
Psilocarya 51
Ptelea 95
Pteridium 37
Pteris 37
I'terospora 107
Puccinelia 49
Puccoon 77
of the Indians 114
Yellow 77
Pulsatilla 78
Pulse Family 91
Purse, Shepherds 83
Purslane Family 74
Purslane, Marsh 102
Putty-root 66
I'ycnanthemum 117
Page.
Pyrola 107
One-flowered 107
I'yrolaceae 107
Pyrus 89
Quamasia 61
<Jueen of the Prairie 88
Quercitron 70
Ouercus 70
guillwort 39
Radish 82
Ragweed 127
Ragwort, Golden 135
Ranunculace.'i' 77
Ranunculus 79
Raphanus 82
Raspberry, Black . . . .^ 86
Dwarf 86
Purple Flowering 87
Wild Red 86
Ratibida 132
Rattle-box 91
Rattlesnake-Master 66
Plantain 66
Root 127
Weed 127
Razoumofskya 71
Red-bud 91
Red-osier 107
Red-root 99, 114
Red-top 46
Reed. Bur 40
Reighard, J. 10., Biological
Kxaminatlons of Lake St.
Clair 10
Reseda 84
Resedacese 84
Rhamacece 98
Rbamnus 98
Rheumatisiji-root 80
Rhexia 102
Rhinanthus 121
Rhus 97
Rhynchospora 53
Ribes S6
Ribgrass 122
Ribwort 122
Rice. Indian 44
.Mountain 45
Water 44
Rlchweed 71, 117
Ripplegrass 122
River-weed 84
River- weed Family 84
Robinia 92
Rocket. Sand 82
Yellow 82
Rock-rose 100
Rock-rose Family lOO
Rocky Mountain Bee-plant 84
Rominger, C, Geology of
Lower Peninsula 12
Roripa 82
Rosa 88, 89
Rosacese 17, 86
Rosacete, Found on Pine
I'lains 17
Rose Family 86
Rose, Climbing 89
Prairie 89
Rosemary, Wild 108
Rosin-weed 132
Rubiaceaj 123
Rubus 86, 87
Rudbeckia 132
Rue Family 95
(ioat's 92
Ruellia 122
Rumex 72
Rutaceae 93
Rush Family 59
Rush 59
Scouring 38
INDEX.
145
Page.
Kush, Soft 60
Spike 60
Wood 60
Russian Tliistle 74
Rye, Wild 50
Sabbatia 110
Sage. Wood 115
Sagina 76
Sagittaria 42
Salicacea' 67
Salix 68
Salmon-berry 87
Siilomonia 62
Salsola 71
Sauibticus 123
Samolus 109
Sandalwood Family 71
Sandwort 76
Thyme-leaved 76
Sangiiinaria 80
Sauguisorba 88
Sanicle 105
Sanicula 105
Santalaceai 71
Saponaria 75
Sarothra 100
Sarraceuia 84, 104
SarraceniaeeiU 84
Sarsaparilla, Wild 104
Bristly 104
Sassafras 80
Satureia 117
Saururus 67
Savory, Summer 117
Saxif raga 85
Saxif ragaccai 85
Saxifrage 85
Early 85
Golden 85
Saxifrage Family 85
Scabious, Sweet V-il
Schouchzeriacea; 42
Scheiichzeria 42
Schollera 103
Scirpus 52
Scleranthus 76
Scleria 53
Scoke 74
Scrub rine. Gray or North-
ern 39
Scrophularia 119
Scrophulariacea> 119
Scutellaria 115
Seal. Golden 77
Sea-Hocket 81
Secale 50
Sedge ., 53
Sedge Family 53
Sedum 85
Senna Family 91
Seed-box 103
Selaginella 38
Selaginellaceae 38
Self-heal 116
Senna, Wild 91
Senecio 135
Service-berry 89
Setaria 44
Sevastana 44
Shad-bush 89
Sheep-berry 124
Shell-bark 67
Shepherdia 102
Shepherd's I'urse 83
Shin-leaf 107
Shooting-Star 110
Shrubs, List of 30
Sibbaldiopsis 87
Sickle-pod 83
Sieves 125
Sida 99
Side-saddle Flower 84
Sieversia 88
19
Page.
Si lent' 75
Silkweed 112
Slleno 75
Silphium 132
Silver-weed 87
Slmarubace:r 95
Sinapis 81
Sisymbrium 81, 83
Sisvriuchium 63
Slum 106
Skeels. II. C, as Collector. 5
Skullcap 116
Mad dog 115
Smartweed 72
Water 72
Stnilacina 62
Sniilaci'.e 63
Sniilax Family 6:5
Smilax 63
Smith, E. F., Catalogue of 3
Smith. F. F., Notes on Cli-
mate 12
Smith. K. v.. Notes on Dis-
tribution of IMants .... 12
Snake-mouth 65
Snakeroot, Black 78
Button 105, 128
Seui'cn 90
Virginia 71
White 128
Snake-head 119
Sneeze- weed 124
Sneezewort 134
Snowberry 109, 124
Soap wort 75
Soil, (JualiVy Indicated by
I'lauts 16, 18
Solanaceaj 117, 118
Solanum 118
Solea 102
Solidago 129
Solomon's Seal 62
False 62
Great 62
Smaller 62
Sonchus 126
Sones, G. D., Herbarium of 11
Sophia 83
Sorbus 89
Sorghastrum 43
Sorrel 72
Dock 72
Sheep 72
Sour-Gum Tree 107
Southernwood 134
Spalding, V. M., Jlrdicinal
Plants 9
Sparganiacese 40
Sparganium 40
Spartina 47
Spathyema 58
Spearmint 117
Spearwort, Creeping 79
Specularia 125
Speedwell 12:>
Corn 120
Field 12;)
Marsh 120
I'urslane ]2(»
Thyme-leaved 120
Water 120
Spergula 76
Spergularia 76
Spice-bush 80
Spider wort 59
Spiderwort Family 59
Spikenard ](M
Spindle-tree 97
Spiraea 86
Spiranthes 65
Sjiirodela 58
Sjileenwort 37
•Sporobohis 45
Spring-Beauty 74
Spruce 39
Page.
Spruce. Black Z9
White 39
Spurge 96
Spurge Familv 96
Spurry 76
Corn 76
Squaw-root 122
Squaw-weed 135
Squirrel Corn 81
Stachys 116
Stacey, I. W., as Collector. 5
Staff- tree 97
Staff-tree I'amily 97
Stai)hvlea 98
Stai)liyleaceiP 98
Star-flower 110
Star grass 61, 63
Starwort 75
Steeple-Bush 86
Steironema 110
Stellaria 75
Stenophyllus 51
Stitchwort, Fleshy 75
Long-leaved 75
Long-stalked 75
Northern 75
Stickseed 114
Stick-tight 114
Stlpa 45
St. .Tohn. C. E., List of
Plants in Mason Co 11
St. John's-wort 100
St. .Tohn's-wort Family 100
Canadian 100
Great 100
Kalm's 100
Marsh 100
Shrubbv 100
Spotted lOO
Stillwell, O. J., Herbarium
of 11
Stone-crop 85
Ditch 85
Mossy 85
Stone-root 117
Storksbill 94
Stramonium, Common 118
Strawberrv 87
Barren 88
Streptopus 62
Strophostyles 93
Stylophorum 80
Succory 126
Sugarberry 70
Sumach. Dwarf 97
Fragrant 97
T'oison 97
Smooth 97
Staghorn 97
Sundew Family 84
Sundew, Oblong-leaved 84
Kound-leaved 84
Slender 84
S!undroi>s 103
Sunflower 133
Swallow-wort, Black 112
Sweet-brier 89
Sweet Cicelv 106
Sweet-fern 67
Sweet Flag 58
Sweet-Gale Family 67
Sweetbrier 89
Sweet William 75
Sycamore 86
Sylabum 136
Symi)horicarpos 124
Symphytum 114
Symplocarpus 58
Syndesmou 78
Synosma 135
Svntherisma 43
Svnthvris 120
Syringa HO
146
INDEX.
I'age.
Taenidia 105
Tamarack 39
Tanacetum 134
Tansy 134
Taraxacum 126
Tare 94
Taxaceae 40
Taxus 40
Tea. Labrador lOS
Mexican 73
New Jersey 99
Oswego 116
Tear-thumb, Arrow-leaved. 72
Halberd-leaved 72
Teasel Family 12.5
Teasel 125
Tepbrosla 92
Tetragonanthus Ill
Teucrhim 115
Thalesia 122
Thalictrum 79
Thaspium 105
Thimbleberry 87
Thistle, Bull 136
Canada 135
Hill's 135
Milk 136
Pasture 136
Pitcher's 136
Russian 74
Scotch 136
Sow 126
Spiny-leaved Sow 126
Swamp 136
Tall 135
Wavv-Ieaved 136
Yellow 136
Thlaspi 81
Thorn. Cockspur 90
Thorn- Apple US
Thoroughwort 128
Thread-foot S4
Thuya 39
Thyme 117
Creeping 117
Thymelaeaceae 102
Thvmus 117
Tiarella So
Tickseed 133
Tiedemannia 105
Tilia 99
Tiliacea; 99
Timothy 45
Tipularia 66
Tissa 76
Toad-flax 119
B.nstard 71
Tobacco, Indian 126
Root 125
Wild 118
Tofieldia 6>
Tomatillo 118
Toothache Tree 93
Toot Invort S3
Tojtography 11
Touch-me-not 98
Tradpscantia 59
Tragopogon 126
Tree-of-IIeaven 95
Trees of Michigan 28
Trees, Distribution of. Ex-
plained by Dr. A. Gray.. 22
Trees, List of 28
Trees of Michigan Con-
trasted with those of
Europe 21
Trees, Why has Great Brit-
ain so few?
Trees, Why has Michigan
so many ?
Trefoil 93,
Shrubby 9.3
Tick
Tricuspis 47
Trladcnum W
Page.
Trieulalis 110
Trifolium 92
Triglochin 42
Trillium 62
Dwarf White 62
I'ainted 62
Triodia 47
Triosteum 46, 124
Triphora 65
Triplasis 47
Trisetum 46
Trollius 77
Tsuga 39
Tulip-tree 77
Tumble Weed 74
Tupelo 1(17
Tussilago 135
Tuthill, F. H., Notes by.... 9
Tnrnip 82
Indian 58
Turtle-head 119
Twayblade 65, 66
Twin-flower 124
Twin-leaf 80
Twisted-stalk 62
Typha .-. . 40
TyphaceiE 4<>
L'lmaceae 70
Ulmaria 88
L'lmus 70
L'mbelliferse 104
I'mbel-wort 74
Unifolium 62
Urtica 71
frticaceaa 71
I'rticastrum 71
Utricularia 121
Uvularia 61
Page.
Violet. Long-spurred 101
Pale 101
Kound-leaved 101
Sweet White 101
White Dog's-tooth 61
Virgin's-Bower 78
Purple 79
Vitacese 99
Vitis 99
.108,
Vaccaria
Vaccinium
Vagnera
Valerian
Valeriana
Valerianacese
Valerianella
Valerian Family
Va I isnc-r iaceaj
Vallisneria
Velvet-leaf
Verbascum
Verbena 114.
Verbenaceae
Verbesina
Vernal-grass, Sweet
Vernonia
Veronica
Vervain 114.
Vervain Family
Vervain, Blue
White
Vetch
Cooper's
Milk
Viburnum 123,
Vicia
Vinca
Vincetoxicum
Vine Family
Viola
\'iolace»
Violet Family
Violet. Arrow-leaved
Bird-foot
Canada
Common Blue
l)ame's
Dog's-tooth
Downy Vellow
(Jreat-spurred
Green
Lance-leavcd
Waahoo
Waldsteinia
Walking-Leaf
Walnut
Walnut Family
Walnut, Black
Wake Robin
Washingtonia
Water-Dock, Great
Water-Plantain
Water-Plantain Family ...
Waterleaf
Waterleaf Family
Water-Hemp
Water-Lily Family
Water-Lily
Water-Milfoil
Water-Milfoil Family
Water-Pepper
Water-Shield
Water-Starwort
Wayfaring-tree. American.
Wax-work
Wax-Myrtle
Weeds from Europe
Native 26,
and introduced
Weymouth Pine ^...
Wheat-Grass, Awned .'...
Wheat-Thief
Wheeler, C. F., Cyperacese
of Central Michigan
Wheeler, C. F., as Collector
Wheeler, C. F., Catalogue
of
Herbarium of
White-rod
Whitewood
Whitney, W. D., Catalogue
of
Wicky
Willow Family
Willow
Basket
Bebb's
Black
Dwarf Gray
(JIaucous
Golden
Heart-leaved
Iloarv
Myrtle
Prairie
Shining
Silky
Tomentose
Waten
Willow-herb
Great
Wil lugbaeya
i Winchell. Alex.. Climate,
Notes on
Winchell, N. II., Catalogue
of
Wind-flower
Wintergrecn Family
Winterberry
Wintergrecn. duckweed ..
Creeping
Flowering
Spotted
Witch-Hazel
Witch-Hazel Family
Wolfberry
37
67
67
67
62
106
72
42
42
113
113
74
76
77
104
104
72
76
98
123
97
67
25
27
25
39
49
114
10
4
3
11
124
77
9
108
67
68
69
68
68
69
68
122
108
103
128
9
78
107
97
110
108
95
107
86
86
124
INDI'^X.
14'
Wolffia 5S
Wood. V. K., Herbarium of 11
Woodsia 35
Wood-Sorrt'l 95
Woodwardia :il
Wormseed 73
Wormwood 127. 134
Wriffht. John, Catalogue of 9
WiiliViiia 120
Page.
Xaiilhiiini 127
Xantlioxyluiii 95
Xolisma 108
Xyridaoea* 59
Xyris 59
Vam C3
Yarn Faiiiil V 6:5
Yam rout, Svild 63
I'age.
Yarrow VA
Y'ellow eyedgrass Kamilv.. 59
Yellow-Uattlp 121
Yew 40
Zannk-licllia 41
Zizania 44
Zizia IOC
Zygadeniis CO
Jilifil
3 5185 00252 0813
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