Flora of tropical Africa /by Daniel Oliver ... assisted by other botanists.

FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA.

FLORA

OF

TROPICAL APRICA

EDITED BY

W T. THISELTON-DYER, C.M.G., GLE.
LL.D., F.R.S., ETC.

DIRECTOR, ROYAL GARDENS, KEW,

VOEL VIL

HYDROCHARIDES TO LILIACE.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE FIRST COMMISSIONER

OF HER MAJESTY’S WORKS AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

LONDON:
LOVELL REEVE & CO., LIMITED,

Publishers to the Home, Colonial and Endian Gobernments,
6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN,
1898.

Mo. Bert Garden,
1902.

DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE SEVERAL PARTS

OF THIS VOLUME.

Part I. pp. 1-192 was published December 1897.
ih. > 1923384 April 1898.
, I. ,, 385 to end September 1898.

PREFACE.

bn

THE “ Flora of Tropical Africa” has met with many vicissitudes. It
was projected by Sir William Jackson Hooker as part of the series of
Colonial and Indian Floras to be produced at Kew which he initiated.
The immediate impulse which led the Government to sanction the
undertaking was given by Dr. Livingstone on his return from the
Zambesi Expedition (1858-64), to which Dr. (afterwards Sir John) Kirk
had been attached as naturalist. The work having been offered to Dr.
Kirk and declined by him was entrusted in 1864 to Sir Joseph Hooker
and Professor Oliver jointly, and was to be completed in four volumes,

Sir Joseph Hooker succeeded to the Directorship of the Royal
Gardens in 1865, and was in consequence obliged to resign the prepara-
tion of the Flora to Professor Oliver, although he contributed some share
to both volumes 1. and 11. Professor Oliver further obtained the assist-
ance of other botanists.

Vol. 1. appeared in 1868, vol. o in 1871, and vol. Im. in 1877.
It was soon evident that the work would exceed the limits at first
assigned to it. Not less than five additional volumes will be now
required to enumerate completely and describe the known plants of
Tropical Africa.

In the preface to the first volume Professor Oliver states that for
the geographical region to which he gave the name Lower Guinea he
was almost wholly dependent on the Angolan collections made at the
cost of the Portuguese Government in 1853-61 by Dr. Frederick
Welwitsch.

This botanist, Professor Oliver adds, “‘ has freely granted us the
opportunity of inspecting his collections, which, in respect of judicious
selection and admirable preservation, are without rival. His carefully
accurate notes upon the fresh plants have also been at our service.
Without the access to Dr. Welwitsch’s Herbarium this region would
have been comparatively a blank in the present work.”

Dr. Welwitsch died in 1872, having bequeathed his Herbarium to
the British Museum. This led to prolonged litigation on the part ot
the Portuguese Government, ending in a compromise. But the

vi PREFACE.

collections were no longer available for study at Kew, and Professor
Oliver eventually abandoned the further prosecution of the work. He
retired from his official post in 1890.

Meanwhile the publication of the first three volumes had considerably
stimulated botanical research in Africa. Sir Jobn Kirk had become
Consul-Qeneral at Zanzibar, and lost no opportunity of encouraging
collectors. Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B., H.M. Commissioner in
British Central Africa, imitated his example in British Central Africa.
Much valuable work in Equatorial Africa was also done by the
missionaries of the Church Missionary Society. The Temperate flora dis-
covered on Kilimanjaro by the Rev. C. New, who was probably the
first human being to reach its snow-line, and the collections subsequently
made by Mr. Joseph Thomson on the mountains of East Equatorial
Africa confirmed the relationships of the high-level floras of Tropical
Africa with those of the northern hemisphere on the one hand and of
the Cape on the other, which were first indicated by Mr. Mann’s
collections on the Cameroons. These relationships raise theoretical
questions of the highest interest. The various Delimitation Commissions
which followed the partition of the continent each yielded botanical
results of more or less value. And the addition of new territories
to the Colonies on the West Coast stimulated the desire of their
Governments for an investigation of their vegetable products.

The result was that an immense mass of material poured into Kew,
and, though individual collections were worked out in a series of scattered
papers, a general demand sprang up in foreign countries, as well as at
home, for a comprehensive work which would sum up the knowledge
which had been acquired, with no little expenditure of labour and even
of life, of the vegetation of Tropical Africa.

The desire eventually found expression in the following letter :—

“ FOREIGN OFFICE to RoyaL GARDENS, KEW.

“ FOREIGN OFFICE, March 21st, 1891,

“S1r,—I am directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to state to you that
his attention has been called to the fact that three volumes only of
the ‘ Flora of Tropical Africa’ have as yet been published, and that
the want of a complete handbook describing known plants impedes
their study by Her Majesty’s officers in the different parts of Africa
which are now being opened up to civilisation.

"A knowledge of African botany is of great practical value, as was
proved by the discovery of Sir John Kirk, whilst employed as Her
Majesty's Agent at Zanzibar, of a plant previously unknown, which
now supplies annually £200,000 worth of india-rubber to the Zanzibar
market. So, too, on the West Coast of Africa, the trade consists
almost entirely of vegetable products some of which have only recently
been brought to light.

" Lord Salisbury is of opinion that a proper knowledge of the flora of
Tropical Africa would do much to aid the development of the territories

PREFACE. vii

over which this country has recently acquired an influence and he
would therefore suggest that the completion of the work in question
should at once be carried out.
“Tam, Ae,
< (Signed) T. V. LISTER.
“THE DIRECTOR, Kew Gardens.”

In replying to this letter I pointed out that my scientific staff was
so occupied with routine work that it was impossible to treat the com-
pletion of the Flora as a matter of official duty. If, however, as in the
first instance, it was regarded as an extra-oflicial undertaking, I
was willing to do my best, with such voluntary assistance as I could
obtain, to assist Her Majesty’s Government in getting the work com-
pleted. It was accordingly agreed that a commencement should be
made in 1892. Much preliminary labour had to be accomplished, and
in order to avoid the inconvenience of anticipation, provisional technical
descriptions of new African plants received at Kew were drawn up by
members of the staff and officially published in the Kew Bulletin.
These were available for working up subsequently in the Flora. The
number of species so published up to the present date amounts to
upwards of 800.

A list of the known plants occurring in British Central Africa,
amounting to upwards of 1,800, compiled from the Kew records by a
member of the Kew staff, Mr. I. H. Burkill, M.A., is printed in Sir H. H.
Johnston’s “ British Central Africa,” pp. 233-284, prefaced by a brief
history of botanical exploration in the Protectorate (see Kew Bulletin,
1897, pp. 170-171). It is estimated that the number of species would
be increased by the intercalation of recent additions to 2,500.

As to the general scope of the work, it will be convenient to quote
the following passage from Professor Oliver’s preface to the first
volume. It still in great measure holds good :—

“ From our very imperfect knowledge of the vegetation of many
parts of the continent, even of those which have been long more or less
in European occupation, and from our complete ignorance of that of
the immensely larger area not yet opened up, the present work must
not be regarded as presenting anything like a complete account of
Tropical African Botany. It serves rather as a vehicle for the
publication of the important botanical results of much recent expendi-
ture of life, toil, and money, which would otherwise have been lost to
Science or anticipated by other nations, and (embracing references to
all hitherto published African species) as a repertory which it is hoped
may be useful to botanists, no less than to future explorers and
residents in Africa interested in the natural productions and economic
products of the country.”

In the mode of execution the pattern of the published volumes has
been closely adhered to. I may again quote Professor Oliver’s
preface :—

“The ‘Flora of Tropical Africa,’ forming one of the series of
Floras undertaken, at the instance of the late Sir William J.

Vili PREFACE.

Hooker, under the authority of the Home or of Colonial Governments
it is necessarily uniform in general plan with those which have been
already issued.

“The principal features of this plan, as settled by Sir W. J.
Hooker, and described in his report, are these :—

“ Ist. The descriptions are drawn up in the English language,
Mr. Bentham’s ‘ Introduction to Botany, drawn up with special reference
to Local Floras,’ containing the technical terms used in the descriptions,
being prefixed to the work.

“2nd. The general sequence of Natural Orders adopted is that of
the ‘ Prodromus’ of De Candolle, being that which experience has
shown to be practically the most convenient. In accordance with this
sequence, British Botanists are accustomed to arrange their Herbaria
and works of descriptive Botany. In the more detailed arrangement
of the genera, the ‘Genera Plantarum’ of Messrs. Bentham and
Hooker has been followed, and a reference to that work is given with
each genus.

“With regard to the synonymy of the species here described, while
the authors have endeavoured to quote all names which have been
applied to Tropical African plants, they have not, in the case of widely
diffused species, regarded it as either necessary or desirable to include
their whole synonymy, the reliable citation of which would have
involved very much more time, labour, and space than the end to be
attained would warrant; besides that, it would be out of place in a
special work of this kind. Any new identifications of African with
extra-African species are, of course, recorded.”

In one particular, however, I have been obliged to depart slightly
from the plan of my predecessor. The last of the three published
volumes of the “ Flora of Tropical Africa” appeared in 1877. Since
then our knowledge of the vegetation has increased very greatly.
Large tracts which were unexplored botanically at that date have
yielded numerous and copious collections. In resuming the work, it
has therefore been found necessary to more clearly define the regions
into which Professor Oliver divided the whole area. In attempting
this, advantage has been taken as far as possible of political boundaries,
since they admit of easy recognition. The regions may now be briefly
defined as follows:

1. Upper Guinga.—The Western Coast region from the mouth
of the Senegal River to the southern boundary of the Cameroons. It
contains practically the whole of the Niger Basin. It is bounded
on the north by a line stretching from the mouth of the Senegal
River to Lake Chad; on the east by the 15th meridian of East
longitude to its intersection with the southern boundary of the
Cameroons, which bounds it to the south. It includes also the island
of Fernando Po.

2. Norta Crentrat.—This includes the Sahara. It is bounded to
the north by the Tropic of Cancer; on the west by the Atlantic; on the
east by the 26th meridian of East longitude ; on the south by the Upper
Guinea region and the Congo Free State.

_ PREFACE, ix

3. Nite Lanp.—The Nile Basin. It is bounded to the west by
the 26th meridian of East longitude; to the east by the Red Sea and the
Indian Ocean; to the south by the Congo Free State and German
East Africa.

4. Lower Guinea.—The Western Coast region from the southern
boundary of the Cameroons to the Tropic of Capricorn. It contains
the lower course of the Congo, and is bounded to the east by the
Congo Free State, the river Kwango, and the 20th meridian of East.
longitude.

5. South CEntraL.—Comprises the Congo Free State, Lunda
and Portuguese West Africa, east of the 20th meridian of longitude
(Lobale).

6. MozampiquE.—The East Coast from the northern boundary
of German East Africa to the Tropic of Capricorn. It includes Portu-
guese East Africa and British territories to the Tropic.

In the preface to the first volume Professor Oliver enumerated the
materials which he had employed. These it is not necessary to re-
capitulate. Copious accessions have, however, reached Kew since 1868,.
and the more important of these are enumerated below.

1. UPPER Guinea.

G. L. Bates. Plants of the Cameroons.

Captain (afterwards Sir Richard) Burton and Commander
V. L. Cameron. A small collection from the Gold Coast.

Surgeon-Captain H. A. Cummins. Plants collected during
the Ashanti Expedition of 1895-6. (See Kew Bulletin, 1898,
pp. 65-82.) $

G. F. Scott-Elliot. A large collection made during the
Anglo-French Sierra Leone Delimitation Commission of
1891-2. (See Journal Linnean Society, Botany, vol. xxx. pp.
64-100.

per A. Engler, Director of the Royal Botanical
Gardens and Museums, Berlin, has contributed the collections
of Braun, Preuss, Staudt and Zenker from the Cameroons.

Dr. H. H. Johnston. A small collection from Sierra Leone.

Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B. A collection from the
Cameroons.

Dr. Brown Lester. Plants collected during the Anglo-French
Gambia Delimitation Commission, 1890-1. (See Kew Bulletin,
1891, pp. 268-275.)

H. Millen, Curator, Botanic Station, Lagos. (Kew Bulletin,
1892, p. 72.)

Alvan Millson, Assistant Colonial Secretary, Gold Coast.
Plants from Yoruba. (See Kew Bulletin, 1891, pp. 206-219.
Died 1896.)

Sir Alfred Moloney, K.C.M.G., late Governor of Lagos. A
small collection of Lagos plants.

Dr. Rowland, C.M.G., Chief Medical Officer, Lagos. Plants
chiefly collected during the Expedition undertaken by Sir

2.

3.

4,

5.

- PREFACE,

Gilbert Carter, K.C.M.G., late Governor of Lagos, into the
interior. (Kew Bulletin, 1893, pp. 146 and 369.)

H. Veitch, F.L.S. Collection made by Kalbreyer in the
region of the Niger Delta and Cameroons.

NORTH CENTRAL.

The material still remains extremely scanty, and nothing of
importance has been added.

Nite LAND.

Mons. W. Barbey, Dr. G. Schweinfurth’s collections from
Eritrea.

Miss Edith Cole and Mrs. Lort Phillips. A collection from
Somaliland. (See Kew Bulletin, 1895, pp. 158 and 211-230.)

G. F. Scott-Elliot. A large collection from British East
Africa made during the Ruwenzori Expedition, 1893-4. (See
Kew Bulletin, 1895, pp. 77-78.)

Professor A. Engler has communicated the plants of
Steudner from Abyssinia and of Stuhlmann from Ruwenzori.

Dr. J. M. Hildebrandt. Collection from British East
Africa. (Died 1881.)

Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B. Collections made during the
Kilimanjaro Expedition. (See Transactions Linnean Society,
Second Series, Botany, vol. ii. pp. 327-355.)

Dr. G. Schweinfurth. Collections from the upper tribu-
taries of the Nile.

Rev. T. Wakeñeld. A collection from British East Africa,
chiefly near Mombasa.

Rev. C. T. Wilson. A collection from Uganda and Unyoro.

LOWER GUINEA.

G. L. Bates. Plants from Gaboon.

Professor J. A. Henriques, University of Coimbra. Col-
lections from Island of St. Thomas, collected by F. Quintas and
A. Moller.

Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B. A collection from Angola.

J. J. Monteiro. Plants from Angola. (Died 1878.)

Professor Hans Schinz. Plants from German South-West
Africa.

H. Soyaux. Plants from Gaboon and Loango.

SoutH CENTRAL.

The vegetation of this region, which includes the Congo
Free State, is, although undoubtedly very rich, almost entirely
unknown. Professor Engler has communicated plants collected
by Buchner, Biittner, and Pogge. A part of Dr. G. Schwein-
furth’s collections (from the Monbuttu country) also belong to it.

Professor Oliver states in his preface that Sir John Kirk’s
collections on the Upper Zambesi had been lost. They were

PREFACE. xi

despatched to England in 1861 on H.M.S. Sidon and were never
heard of again till they wers discovered in Portsmouth Dockyard
in 1883.

. MozamBIQUE District,

Right Honourable James Bryce, F.R.S. Plants from
Mashonaland.

J. Buchanan, C.M.G. A large collection made in Nyasa-
land. (Kew Bulletin, 1892, p. 249 ; and death, 1896, p. 148.)

K. J. Cameron. Collections from Nyasaland.

Commander (afterwards Captain) V. L. Cameron. Plants
from the neighbourhood of Lake Tanganyika. (Died 1894.)

Alexander Carson, B.Sc. Plants from South of Lake
Tanganyika. (See Kew Bulletin, 1893, pp. 343, 344; 1895,
p. 46, pp. 63-75 and 288-293 ; and death, 1896, pp. 148-9.)

G. F. Scott-Elliot. Collection from German East Africa
and Nyasaland made during the Ruwenzori Expedition, 1893-4.

Professor A. Engler has presented collections, rich in
novelties, from Usambara and various other parts of German
East Africa, made by Baumann, Fischer, Holst, Stuhlmann,
and Volkens. (Kew Bulletin, 1897, p. 241.)

Bishop Hannington. Plants from German East Africa.
(Assassinated 1885.)

Dr. Emil Holub. Collection from Rhodesia, South of the
Zambesi.

Rev. W. P. Johnson. Collection from mountains East of
Lake Nyasa.

Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B, Collections from Nyasaland
and Kilimanjaro.

Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G. Plants from Zanzibar and other
parts of East Tropical Africa.

J. T. Last. Collection from Namuli Mountains in Portu-
guese East Africa and Nyasaland.

Dr. Livingstone. Eight fragmentary specimens found in
his pocket-book after his death.

Major F. D. and Lieut. E. J. Lugard. Plants from
Ngamiland. (Kew Bulletin, 1897, p. 242.)

J. McClounie. Plants from Nyasaland. (Kew Bulletin,
1895, p. 158.)

Rev. C. New. Collection from Kilimanjaro. (See Journal
Linnean Society, Botany, vol. xiv. pp. 141-6. Died 1875.)

Dr. T. G. Nicholson. Plants from North Nyasaland and
Upper Loangwa River.

W. H. Nutt. Plants from South of Lake Tanganyika.

F. Oates (presented by C. G. Oates). Plants from Matabele-
land. (See “ Matabele Land,” Ist ed. pp. 366-369 ; 2nd ed. pp.
390-413. Died 1875.)

L. Scott. Plants from Portuguese East Africa and Nyasa-
and.

xii PREFACE,

Lieutenant C. S. Smith. Plants from Umba Valley, German
East Africa, collected during the Anglo-German Delimitation
Commission. (Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 146.)

Joseph Thomson. Collections from the neighbourhood of
Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika. (See Journal Linnean Society,
Botany, vol. xxi. pp. 392-406. Died 1895.)

Alexander Whyte. An important collection from Nyasa-
land. (See Kew Bulletin, 1897, pp. 241, 243-300 ; 1898, pp. 145-
164.)

As soon as I was able to organise the necessary staff the work was
attacked at various points. But some time necessarily elapsed before
sufficient material was accumulated to commence printing. When a
work of this kind is once planned out, it is immaterial what part is
first issued. I eventually decided to first issue the present volume
(the seventh), devoted to the Petaloid Monocotyledons, as these groups
of plants are of wider general interest. The printing of the volume
commenced in July of last year, and has been attended with very
considerable difficulties. Whether it is followed by any other
volumes will largely depend on the extent to which these difficulties
are removed.

I have to express my obligations for the sympathetic assistance I
have received from the following foreign botanists :—

Mons. W. Barbey, Herbier Boissier, Geneva.

Professor Bureau, Jardin des Plantes, Paris, who bas
obligingly lent the specimens of Liliacee from the French Congo
described by Mons. Henri Hua.

Professor A. Engler, Director of the Royal Botanical Garden and
Museums, Berlin, who has communicated important collections made
by German travellers as well as numerous publications.

Professor Th. M. Fries, Director of the Botanic Gardens, Upsala,
for the loan of the types of Swartz’s orchids.

Dr. Hans Schinz, Professor of Botany, Zurich.

I have further to record my acknowledgements of the assistance
given me by Mr. C. H. Wright in preparing the manuscript for the
press and in checking the proofs, and to Mr. N. E. Brown for working
out the geographical distribution.

For the detailed topography the third edition of the “ Spezialkarte
von Afrika,” Gotha: Justus Perthes, 1893, has been chiefly used.

W. E I D:
Kew, Aug. 1898.

CONTENTS.

CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS - »

Crass II. MONOCOTYLEDONES

Orper CXXXI.
CXXXII
CXXXIII.
CXXXIV.
CXXXV.
CXXXVL
CXXXVII.
CXXXVIII.
CXXXIX,
CXL.

Hydrocharideze
Burmanniacez
Orchideæ .
Scitamineze
Heemodoracese
le <4 :
Amaryllidee .
Taccacez .
Dioscoreacee .

Liliaceze

Page

CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS CONTAINED IN
THE SEVENTH VOLUME,

Crass IT. MONOCOTYLEDONES.

Embryo with a single cotyledon, Perianth usually trimerous. Leaves parallel-
veined. Vascular bundles irregularly scattered in the stem.

Series I. Microspermee.—Perianth (at least the inner) petaloid. Ovary
inferior, 1-celled with 3 parietal placentas, rarely 3- or 6- celled with axile placentas.
Seeds small, numerous, exalbuminous,

CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEÆ. Aquatic herbs. Flowers regular, usually unisexual,
Outer perianth calyx-like, inner (when present) petaloid. Stamens 3-12.

CXXXII. Burmanniacex. Terrestrial, usually leafless, herbs. Flowers regular,
rarely irregular, Perianth petaloid. Stamens 3.

CXXXIII. ORCHIDE®. Terrestrial or epiphytic, rarely climbing, herbs, Flowers
usually very irregular. Perianth petaloid. Andrecium united with the gyneceum
into a column ; anther 1, sessile or subsessile on the column.

Series II. Epigynee.— Perianth (at least the inner) petaloid. Ovary inferior
(half-inferior or superior in Hæmodoraceæ). Albumen copious.

CXXXIV, Scrramiyem. Flowers irregular. Outer perianth usually calyx-like,
inner petaloid, Stamens 1 or 5 perfect; staminodia 5 or 1. Ovary usually 3-celled ;
Ovules 12. Seed usually arillate. Embryo in a central canal of the albumen,
Straight or curved.

CXXXV. Hamoporace®. Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregular.
Perianth petaloid, inferior or half-superior in the Tropical African genera. Stamens6,
all perfect, Ovary superior or half-inferior. Fruit dehiscent or indehiscent. Seed.
with embryo placed in a marginal hollow of the fleshy albumen,

CXXXVI. Ip zs, Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or irregular. Perianth
Petaloid, superior. Stamens 3, placed opposite the outer lobes of the perianth. Fruit
a 3-celled capsule, with loculicidal dehiscence, Seed with embryo surrounded by
horny albumen,

CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEÆ. Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or nearly so.
Perianth petaloid, superior. Stamens 6, Fruit a 3-celled capsule with loculicidal
dehiscence or indehiscent. Seed with embryo enclosed in the usually fleshy albumen,

CXXXVIII. Taccacrm. Flowers regular. Perianth petaloid or subherbaceous.

Xvi CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS.

Stamens 6, included, hooded; anthers sessile within the hood, Ovary I-celled ;
‘ovules 8, on parietal placentas, Embryo very small, enclosed in the albumen.

CXXXIX. DioscorEacem®. Flowers regular, dicecious. Perianth small, green.
‘Stamens 6 or 3. Fruit a triquetrous or trigonous capsule, with loculicidal dehiscence.
Seed with embryo enclosed in the fleshy albumen.

Series III, Coronarieze.—Perianth (at least the inner) petaloid. Ovary

superior, very rarely slightly immersed at the base (see also CXXXV.
HÆMODORACE®Æ). Albumen copious.

CXL. LırracE®. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite in the Tropical African genera,
except Smilax. Perianth inferior. Stamens 6. Fruit a capsule with loculicidal or

‘septicidal dehiscence, or a berry. Seed with embryo enclosed in fleshy or horny
-albumen.

FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA.

OrDER CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEM. (By C. H. Wright.)

Flowers regular, unisexual, rarely hermaphrodite, enclosed in a
tubular or inflated spathe. Perianth 2-rarely 1-seriate, 3-merous,
inner whorl petaloid, white or yellow. Stamens 3-12; filaments very
short; anthers usually oblong. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with 3-6
parietal placentas; more rarely several-celled by the intrusion of the
placentas. Style divided. Ovules many, orthotropous or anatropous.—
Aquatic, usually submerged, herbs. Stem short, stoloniferous or elon-
gated and leafy all over. Leaves linear, lanceolate or broadly ovate.
Spathes axillary, solitary, monecious or diccious,

An order containing about 50 species, extending through the tropical and temperate
regions of both hemispheres.

Stem elongated, leafy. Freshwater.
Leaves verticillate. Male spathe 1-flowered . : <- 1. HYDRILEA:
Leaves alternate or opposite. Male spathe many-flowered 2. LAGAROSIPHON.
Stems very short; leaves radical. Freshwater.

Perianth simple . : i : : : : . 3. VALLISNERIA.
Perianth double.
Styles 3 . 7 ; S ; S 3 S ee Deal ia E
Styles 6-15,
Flowers hermaphrodite . 5. OTTELIA.
Flowers unisexual 6. Boortta.
Rhizome creeping. Marine.
Stamens 6 , 7. THALASSIA.
Stamens 3 . 8. HALOPHILA,

1, HYDRILLA, L. C. Rich. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 450.

Diccious. Male spathe sessile in the axil of the leaf, 1-flowered,
turbinate, bursting irregularly. Perianth double ; outer segments 3,
ovate, acute, inner linear. Stamens 3 ; filaments thick; anther ovate,
2-celled, with longitudinal dehiscence. Rudiment of ovary none.

VOL. VII. B

2 CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEZ (WRIGHT). | Hydrilla.

Female spathe tubular, bidentate. Perianth segments 6, narrower
than in the male. Staminodes 0. Ovary produced beyond the spathe
into a long filiform beak, 1-celled; placentas 3, rarely 2; styles 3.
Ovules few, anatropous. Fruit narrow, slightly exserted from the
ruptured spathe. Seeds oblong; spermoderm slightly produced at each
end.—Aquatic herb, with submerged, branched stem. Leaves verti-
cillate. Flowers small, solitary in the axils of the leaves.

This genus consists of a single variable species widely spread through Tropical Asia,
the Mascarene Islands, and Australia.

1. H. verticillata, Royle, IU. Bot. Himal. 376. Stem terete;
lower internodes shorter than the leaves. Leaves 4 in a verticil,
oblong, acute ; 4-6 lin. long, #~14 lin. wide, 1-nerved, dentate. Other
characters as in the generic description.—Presl. Bot. Bemerk. 112;
Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. ©. 95. Serpicula verticillata, Roxb. Corom. Pl. t. 164.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Buddu (ex Engler).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, Bukoba (ex Engler).

Var. B. brevifolia, Casp. in Pringsh. Jahrb. i. 415. Lower internodes much longer
than the leaves. Leaves ovate or ovate oblong, 2-3 lin. long, 1-1 lin. wide, Baker
in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 152; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 95.

Wile Land. Sources of the Nile, 2° N., Speke and Grant!

2. LAGAROSIPHON, Harv.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 450.

Spathes unisexual. Male ovate, 2-fid at the apex, many-flowered.
Calyx 3-lobed; lobes narrow. Petals 3, ovate. Stamens 3; anthers
ovate. Staminodes often 2-3. Female narrowly oblong, 1-flowered.
Calyx and corolla similar to those of the male. Ovary 1-celled,
shortly rostrate, with 3 parietal placentas; styles 3, erect; ovules
many, orthotropous.—Stems elongated, branched, clothed all over
with leaves. Leaves alternate, subopposite or (in Z. hydrilloides)
whorled, linear or linear lanceolate. Spathes axillary, solitary.

One species extends to South Africa, another is confined to the Mascarene Islands,
and a third to India.

Female spathe entire or nearly so.

Leaf with 26-33 teeth. Petals lanceolate 1. L. Nyasse.
Leaf with 30 teeth. Petals ovate : : ; . 2. L. rubella.
Leaf with 51-59 teeth. 2 spathe with 2-3 teeth at
the side S S S i S : 3. L. Schweinfurthii.
Leaf with 81-87 teeth. 9 spathe without teeth . 4, L. Steudneri,
Female spathe bifid.
Leaves alternate or subopposite.
Leaves 4-5 lin. long, setaceous. 9 spathe not dentate
at the sides S : ‘ A : ; - 5. L. tenuis,
Leaves 6 lin. long, setaceous. spathe dentate at
the sides : 7 : “ ` 6. L. muscoides,
Leaves 6-7 lin. long, $ lin. broad, 3-nerved 7. L. crispus.
Leaves 6-11 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, 1-nerved 8. L. cordofanus.
Imperfectly known specie : S . 9. D. Fischeri.
Leaves verticillate : . 10. L. hydrilloides.

Lagarosiphon. | CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDE# (WRIGHT). 3

1. L. Nyasse, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 234. A slender,
moss-like plant. Stems extremely thin. Leaves linear-lanceolate,
acute, 4—5 lin. long, 1 lin. wide, with 26-33 subappressed teeth on each
margin. Female flowers very minute. Spathe lanceolate subentire.
Perianth-tube 1 in. long, capillary ; lobes lanceolate, obtuse. Ovary
conical, Style deeply cleft.

Mozamb. Dist. Lake Nyasa: Livingstonia, Laws, 7!

2. L. rubella, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 284. Stems 3-5 ft.
long, slender, purple; internodes 4 lin. long. Leaves subopposite,
linear, acuminate, 3 lin. long, extremely narrow; teeth about 30 on
each margin, short. Male spathe short, obconic, 2 lin. long. Stamens
many. Female flowers minute, reddish. Bracts pale, ovate, obtuse,
shorter than the fruit, with ten teeth on either margin. Spathe quite
entire. Perianth-tube 14 lin. long, very slender; lobes ovate rotun-
date, very obtuse. Ovary elongated, conical. Capsule 2 lin. long.
Seeds 3, fusiform, 14 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 6472!

3. L. Schweinfurthii, Casp. in Bot. Zeit. 1870, 88. Stem terete,
3 lin. thick, Leaves scattered, linear-lanceolate, acute, 7 lin. long,
ž line or less wide, the 3 marginal rows of cells with less chlorophyll
than the central ones; teeth 51-59 on each side. Stipules 2, intra-
foliaceous, obovate, obtuse; margin with a few papillæ. Female spathe
subentire at the apex, with 2-3 teeth on either side.

Nile Land, Jur, Schweinfurth, 2457! Bongo, Schweinfurth, 2158! `

4. L. Steudneri, Casp. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Hthiop. 200, t. 4.
Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute 5-8 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. wide, with
81-87 teeth on either side, the 2—3 rows of marginal cells narrower,
longer and with less chlorophyll than the rest. Stipules lanceolate-
oblong, entire attenuated towards the apex. Female spathe oblique
and entire at the mouth. -Perianth-tube twice as long as the leaves ;
lobes ovate. Stigmas 3, 2-fid.

Nile Land. Abyssinia; Wadela, Steudner, 640!

5. L. tenuis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 380, pl. 31, figs. 1-7.
A slender moss-like plant. Leaves crowded, linear, 4-5 lin. long,
4-4 lin. broad at the base ; apex subobtuse ` margin with about 30 teeth
directed upwards. Stipules minute, subulate. Female spathe 1 lin.
long, bifid 4 of its length. Perianth ł in. long; tube ł in. long;
segments oblong linear, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Kinani, East Ongalea Mountains, 2200 ft.,
Gregory !

6. L. muscoides, Harv. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. (1842) 230, t.
22. Stem slender, 1-2 ft. long. Leaves alternate or subopposite,
linear, very acute, 1-nerved, the 4—5 marginal rows of cells destitute
of chlorophyll ; teeth 40-60, very acute. Stipules oval, attenuated at

4 CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDE® (WRIGHT). [ Lagarosiphon.

the apex, quite entire. Male spathe axillary, solitary, sessile, ovate,
with two deltoid lobes at the apex, surrounded by very slender teeth.
Flowers about 30. Sepals 3, membranous, ovate. Petals 3, rather
shorter and narrower than the sepals. Stamens 3, equal in length to
the sepals and opposite to them. Female spathe axillary, solitary,
sessile, oblong, opening by two triangular valves at the apex, surrounded
by minute teeth. Perianth-tube long, slender ; outer lobes ovate ;
inner ovate oblong, a little narrower and longer than the outer. Ovary
oblong. Stigmas 3, bipartite—Hydrilla dregeana, Presl. Bot. Bemerk.
112. Hydrilla muscoides, Planch. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Sér. 3, xi. (1849) 79.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla and Cunene, Johnston !

An imperfect specimen collected in Bechuanaland by Holub probably belongs to
this species,

7. L. crispus, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 381, pl. 31, figs.
8-17. A small herb with stiffish stem. Leaves sometimes subopposite,
linear, 6-7 lin. long, E lin. broad, more or less recurved, 3-nerved, the
weak lateral nerves connected by slender transverse veinlets with the
conspicuous midrib, teeth about 40, directed upwards from a triangular
base consisting of several cells. Male spathes cup-like, sessile in the
axils of the leaves on the main stem, 4 lin. long, several-flowered.
Stamens 3 ; filaments short, apiculate ; anther-cells 2, pendulous, acute
at the base. Female spathes solitary on the ultimate branches, flask-
shaped, 2-fid, 1-flowered, 1 lin. long. Perianth-tube 9 lin. long;
segments oblong, } lin. long. Stigmas papillose, 4 lin. long. Fruit
broadly spindle-shaped, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor !

8. L. cordofanus, Casp. in Pringsh. Jahrb. i. 479 and 504. Stem
terete, simple or sparingly branched. Leaves scattered, occasionally
subopposite, linear, attenuated to a very acute point, 6—11 lin. long,
4 lin. broad, 1-nerved, with 34—44 teeth on either margin. Stipules 2,
intrafoliaceous, ovate or ovate-oblong, with 3—4 very short papille at
the apex. Male spathe subglobose, 2-fid, 6—8-flowered. Stamens 3.
Female spathe, axillary, tubular, slightly inflated below, 2-fid. Outer
perianth segments 3, ovate; inner 3 narrowly oval. Staminodia 3,

short. Ovary ovate. Stigmas 3, bipartite, lobes filiform.—Udora
cordofana, Hochst. in Flora, 1842, i. Beibl. i. 133.

Wile Land. Cordofan, Kotschy, 170!

9. L. Fischeri, Giirke in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 95. Leaves
alternate, linear-lanceolate, with 30-35 teeth on each margin.
Stipules intrafoliaceous, very small, lanceolate, entire. Female spathe
axillary. Perianth-tube tiliform; lobes oblong-elliptical, obtuse.
Stigmas 3, bipartite.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Masai Land, Fischer, 616.

10. L. hydrilloides, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 381, pl. 32,
jigs. 1-7. Stems nearly 1 lin. diam.; lower internodes 4 lin. long.

Lagarosiphon. | CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDE& (WRIGHT). d

Leaves in whorls of 3-5, 10 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin. wide at the base,

slightly tapering to the rounded apex, teeth about 100, close-set. Male

flowers unknown. Female spathes 24 lin. long, 4 lin. wide, bifid, minutely

spinulose on the free margins, with one perfect and one rudimentary

flower. Ovary 1-celled. Ovules 5, orthotropous, on long funicles.
Nile Land. British East Africa: Kariandusi, 6100 ft., Gregory !

3. VALLISNERIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 451.

Spathes dicecious. Male shortly pedicellate, many-flowered. Flowers
escaping from spathe when mature. Perianth simple, 3-lobed. Stamens
3; anthers with two globose lobes. Female spathe tubular, bifid.
Perianth simple, 3-lobed. Staminodes 3. Ovary 1-celled with 3 pa-
rietal placentas; stigmas 3, short, broad, 2-fid, ovules many.—Sub-
merged herbs, with very short stem. Leaves crowded, grass-like,
linear. Scapes axillary, the female spirally twisted but uncoiling to
allow the flower to come to the surface of the water for pollination.

A genus of about 4 species widely distributed through the warmer regions of both
hemispheres,

Leaves 4-16 in, long . ; : : ; S le Ve EE E
Leaves less than 3 in. long . : : : ; : . 2. V. æthiopica.

1. V. spiralis, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1015. A submerged, grass-like
plant. Leaves linear, obtuse, 4-18 in. long, with a few transverse
veinlets. Male scapes axillary, 1-2 in. long. Spathe ovate, com-
pressed, 2-lobed. Male flowers numerous in the spathe, very shortly
pedicellate. Perianth 3-lobed; lobes obtuse, reflexed. Stamens 3,
divergent. Female scape very long, spirally coiled. Spathe tubular,
nearly as long as the ovary, bifid. Perianth 3-lobed; lobes shortly
triangular, obtuse. Staminodes 3. Stigmas 3, flat, hairy above. Ovary
l-celled. Capsule 2—4 in. long.—Hook. Bot. Mise. iii. 87, tt. 23-24;
Niger Flora, 528; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 95.

Upper Guinea, Lagos, Barter, 20163!
ae we Land. White Nile, Schweinfurth, 1043! Gazelle River, Schweinfurth,

5!

Lower Guinea, Congo: Stanley Pool, Callenwaert !

Mozamb. Dist. Lake Nyasa, Laws, 2!

Extends throngh the warm regions of both hemispheres.

2. V. æthiopica, Fenzl in Flora, 1844, 311 (nomen) and in Sitzb.
Akad. Wien, Math.-Nat. li. (1865) Abth. ii. 139. Leaves 2-2} in. long,
lingulate, attenuate at the base, obtuse or rather acute, more or less
denticulate, with obscure transverse veinlets. Female spathe cuneate,
2-3 lin. long, with two obtuse lobes. Perianth longer than the spathe ;
lobes ovate, very obtuse. Stigmas oval, acutely bidentate at the apex,
—Schweinf. Ind. Pl. Nilot. 293; Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 151.

Nile Land. Senaar, Kotschy, 284! White Nile near Gebel Nyemat, Schwein-
Surth, 1017! Nile, 144° N., Speke and Grant.

Perhaps only a dwarf state of V, spiralis, Linn.

6 CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDE& (WRIGHT).

4, BLYXA, Du Petit Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 451.

Spathes cylindrical, male many-flowered, female 1-flowered. Male
flower: Calyx 3-lobed. Corolla lobes 3, much longer than the sepals
filiform. Stamens 6. Female flower: Calyx with a long tube.
Corolla as in the male. Styles 3, filiform. Ovary linear, rostrate, 1-
celled, with 3 parietal placentas.—A grass-like submerged herb with
creeping stem, rooting at the nodes.

A second species occurs in Tropical Asia, Australia and Mauritins.

L B. radicans, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 236, pl. 14.
Stem creeping, slender, rooting at the nodes. Leaves grass-like,
narrowly linear, obtuse, reaching 2 ft. in length, 4 in. wide, dilated at
the base into a membranous sheath. Scape slender, 9 in. long, arising
from amongst the terminal leaves. Male spathe, 2 in. long, narrowly
subcylindrical, slightly dilated at the base. Calyx-tube scarcely longer
than the spathe. Sepals slender, ligulate, obtuse, 4—5 lin. long, pale
green. Petals 7—8 lin. long, narrow, white. Stamens 6, slender, linear-
acuminate. Pistillodia 3, short, dilated at the base. Female spathe
similar to the male. Calyx-tube 24in. long, exserted from the spathe ;
lobes 3-4 lin. long, ligulate, obtuse, green. Petals white, very narrow,
linear, filiform, 7-8 lin. long. Styles 3, slightly shorter than the petals.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch !

5. OTTELIA, Pers. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 453.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx of 3 oblong or linear lobes.
Petals 3, much larger than the calyx-lobes, obovate, yellow or white.
Stamens 6-10; filaments flattened ; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong,
more or less rostrate, more or less completely 6-celled by the intrusion
of the placentas ; styles 6, linear, 2-fid. Fruit inclosed in the 3—6-
winged spathe.— Aquatic herbs with very short stems. Leaves crowded,
some submerged, others with long petioles and floating, lanceolate
ovate or cordate. Scape elongated.

A genus of about 6 species inhabiting the tropics of both hemispheres.

Leaves cordate at the base . :
Leaves acute at the base.
Spathe bifid.
Scape terete

1. O. alismoides.

S S é : i : . 2. O. lancifolia.
Scape-tetragonal at the apex ; ; À : . 3. O. vesiculata,
Spathe with about 10 teeth 4. O. plantaginea.

1. O. alismoides, Pers. Syn. i. 400. Rootstock perennial. Acau-
lescent. Leaves with long triquetrous petioles, broadly cordate, obtuse,
7—11-nerved, 4-6 in. wide. Flowers solitary on peduncles 6 in. to 1 ft.
long, hermaphrodite. Spathe closely applied to the ovary, 3-6-toothed
and winged. Calyx-lobes oblong, 6 lin. long, 14 lin. wide. Petals 3,
broadly ovate, shortly unguiculate, white, 1 in. long. Stamens 6-10;

N
Ottelia. | CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEÆ (WRIGHT). 7

anthers linear, slightly shorter than the filaments. Ovary oblong,
divided more or less completely into 6 cells by the intrusion of the
placentas; ovules numerous; styles 6, linear, bifid——Benth. Flor.
Austral. vi. 257 ; Hook. f. Flor. Brit. Ind. v. 662. „Stratiotes alismoides,
Linn. Sp, Plant. 535 ; Smith, Exot. Bot. t. 15. Damasonium indicum,
Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 276 ; Roxb. Corom. Pl. t. 185; Bot. Mag. t. 1201.

Nile Land. Cordofan, Kotschy !

Mozamb. Dist. W. shore of Lake Nyasa near Raangwa, Kirk !

A specimen collected by Cameron at Blantyre, British Central Africa, probably
belongs to an undescribed species allied to this, but is in too young a state for
determination. Also found in Tropical Asia and N. Australia.

2. O. lancifolia, Rich. Flor. Abyss. ii. 280, t. 95. Leaves radical;
petiole dilated at the base, subamplexicaul ; lamina elliptical-lanceolate,
acute, gradually tapering into the petiole below, entire, membranous.
Scape 1-flowered, shorter or longer than the leaves. Spathe tubular,
compressed, with two opposite wings, shortly bifid. Calyx lobes 3,
elliptical-lanceolate, obtuse, green. Petals 3, slightly longer than the
calyx-lobes, slightly undulate in the upper half. Fruit ovoid-oblong,
enclosed in the persistent spathe.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shire, Quartin Dillon. Gazelle River, Schweinfurth,
1159!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambaca, Welwitsch, 6466 !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Blantyre, Cameron !

Var. fluitans, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 238, Leaves narrower, 1 ft. long,
l4 in. wide, very gradually tapering into the petiole.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 6468!

3. O.vesiculata, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 237. Acaulescent.
Leaves lanceolate, 3—4 in. long, 9 lin. wide; petiole 3 in. long. Scape
3-15 in. long, slightly compressed, slightly winged, a short distance
beneath the spathe becoming incrassate and tetragonal with the angles
acutely winged. Spathe inflated, broadly ovoid, striped with purple
outside, 1 in. long, 7 lin. wide, bidentate at the mouth. Sepals
lanceolate, subacute, 4 lin. long. Petals yellow, 6 lin. long. Stamens 6.
Styles 7. Ovary incompletely 9-celled.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 6497!

4. O. plantaginea, Welw. ex Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 238.
Stem short, thick, with numerous rootlets at its base. Leaves ovate,
crisped, 4 in. long, 24 in. wide; petiole 14 in. long. Scape 10 in. long,
flaccid. Spathe saccate, 1 in. long, with very short wings and about 10
short, obtuse teeth. Flowers on short pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, obtuse,
4 lin. long, green, scarious at the margin. Petals 9 lin. long, yellow.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 6469!

6. BOOTTIA, Wall.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 453.

Spathes unisexual. Male flowers several inaspathe. Calyx-lobes 3,
narrow. Petals 3, obovate-oblong, much larger than the calyx-lobes,

8 CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEZ (WRIGHT). | Boottia.

Stamens 6-12; anthers erect, oblong. Pistil rudimentary. Calyx and
corolla similar to those of the male. Staminodes small. Ovary
produced into a thick beak, more or less perfectly divided into 6 cells
by the intrusion of the placentas; styles 6-15, linear-filiform, 2-fid ;
ovules many.—Aquatic herbs with the habit of Ottelia. Spathe with
the two lateral ribs prominent.

Species about 8, extending to Burmah,

Male flowers exserted from spathe.

Leaves 5-nerved : S : : : s i ~ L D. ezsta:
Leaves 9-nerved . : : : ‘ ; . 2. B. Fischeri.
Male flowers enclosed in spathe.
Scape and spathe rough . : : i : : . 3. B. scabra.
Scape and spathe smooth.
Leaves ligulate : : : : : . 4. B. crassifolia.
Leaves lanceolate : : : ; : . 5. B. abyssinica.
Leaves broadly ovate 6. B. macrantha.

1. B. exserta, Ridl. in Journ. Linn Soc. xxii. 240, pl. 13. Rhizome
very short. Leaves ovate-elliptical, obtuse, 5-nerved, coriaceous, 24-5 in.
long, 13-2 in. wide ; petiole 9 in. long. Scape not exceeding 10 in. in
length. Spathe narrow, 1—2 in. long, subcylindrical, scarcely dilated at
the apex, trifid, one side being more deeply cut. Male flowers about 6,
exserted from the spathe. Sepals thin, much shorter than the petals.
Petals ovate, obtuse, yellow shading into white near the apex. Female
flower solitary. Calyx-tube exserted from the spathe; lobes narrow,
coriaceous, green, 7 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Shire River, a few miles above
Shamo, Kirk! Quilimane, Scott !

A specimen in Kew Herbarium, collected in Angola by Sir H. H. Johnston, may
belong to this species.

2. B. Fischeri, Giirke in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 95. Leaves
ovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a thick petiole, fleshy,
coriaceous, 9-nerved, crisped at the margin. Male spathe large, ovoid,
very thick, glabrous, wingless, many-flowered, teeth very acute. Male
fiowers exserted a long way from the spathe. Petals yellow.

Nile Land. German East Africa: Ussukuma; Usiha, Fischer, 588.

I have seen no specimen of this species, but it appears to be closely related to
B. exserta, Ridl.

3. B. scabra, Benth. £ Hook. f. Gen, Pl iii. 454. Leaves submerged,
thin, oblanceolate, acute, 1}—2 ft. long, 2} in. wide; petiole 1 ft. long,
expanded at the base into an amplexicaul sheath 1} in. wide. Scape
2} ft. long, rough. Spathe ampulleform, rugose, 3 in. long, 1 in. wide,
with 3 teeth, split lower on one side. Sepals lanceolate, 6-9 lin. long,
smooth. Petals yellow.—Ridley in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 239;
Engl. E Ost-Afr. C. 95. Ottelia scabra, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
xox. Tol.

Wile Land. Sides of the Nile, 12° N., Speke and Grant, 7703!

Gazelle River,
Schweinfurth, 1121! x iver

Boottia. | CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDE# (WRIGHT). 9

4, B. crassifolia, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 239. Rhizome
thick, obliquely descending, densely covered with ovate scales. Leaves
ligulate, lorate, obtuse, attenuated into the petiole, fleshy and sub-
coriaceous, 5—7-nerved, 19 in. long, 2-3 in. wide, crisped at the margin.
Scape 15 in. long, smooth. Spathe tubular, slightly swollen at the base,
6-winged ; teeth very short and obtuse. Sepals lanceolate, obtuse, 6 lin.
long, 3 lin. wide. Petals yellow.

Lower Guinea. Angola; Mumpulla and Lopolla, Welwitsch, 6470!

5. B. abyssinica, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 239. Rhizome
thick, submerged, emitting numerous long rootlets. Leaves many, thin,
lanceolate, obtuse, 15 in. long, 14 in. wide, petiolate. Scape thick,
fragile, 9 in. long. Spathe oblong-elliptical, scarcely attenuate at the
apex, 2 in. long, about 4 in. wide, 2-flowered. Sepals lanceolate, obtuse,
coriaceous, 9 lin. long, 14 lin. wide. Petals yellow, slightly longer than
the sepals.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Zana, Schimper, 1452! Gazelle River, Schweinfurth,
1159! 1254! Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2423! Madi, Speke and Grant, 696!

Speke and Grant’s 6204 from the Nile and Schweinfurth’s 3638 from Monbuttu
may prove to be a white-flowered form of this species.

A plant resembling this has been collected by Barter at Nupe (910), which in the
absence of perfect flowers is not determinable.

6. B. macrantha, Wright. Leaves broadly ovate, rotundate at
the base, 3 in. long, 24 in. wide, 9-nerved, smooth ; petiole 6 in. long,
slightly sheathing at the base. Scape thick. Spathe tubular, smooth ;
teeth 3, triangular, membranous. Sepals ligulate, obtuse, 9 lin. long,
1 lin. wide. Petals 13 in. long, yellow. Styles 3, bipartite, covered
with long papille. Male flowers not seen.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Quilimane, Scott /

This species is at once recognised by the ovate-rotundate leaves and by the flowers
being much larger than in any other species.

7. THALASSIA, Soland. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 455.

Dicecious. Male flower on a long pedicel. Perianth 1-seriate,
3-merous ; segments petaloid. Stamens 6; anthers long, subsessile.
Rudiment of ovary none. Female flower at length stipitate. Ovary
with a long beak. Fruit stipitate, globose. Seeds many on parietal
placentas.—Submerged marine plants. Rhizome long creeping, annulate.
Leaves ligulate. Scapes of both sexes similar.

i A genus of two species, one in the Red Sea and India, the other in the West
ndies.

l. T. Hemprichii, Zhrb. ex Aschers. in Boiss. Flor. Orient. v. 7.
Rhizome creeping, with numerous annular scars. Leaves fascicled at
intervals, linear, obtuse, 6 in. long, 3 lin. wide. Flowers solitary
in diphyllous, axillary (?) spathes. Stamens 6.— Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr.

10 CXXXI. HYDROCHARIDEH (WRIGHT). [ Thalassia.

C. 95. Schizotheca Hemprichii, Solms Laub. in Schweinf. Beitr.
Æthiop. 194 and 246.

Nile Land. Suakin, Schweinfurth, 196! Arakea, near Suakin, Schweinfurth,
186! Massowa, Ehrenberg !

Shores of Tropical Asia.

8. HALOPHILA, Du Petit Thouars; Benth. et Hook, f. iii. 455.

Male flower solitary, pedicellate. Perianth 1-seriate, 3-merous.
Anthers 8, subsessile, oblong-linear, alternate with the perianth-
segments, extrorse. Rudiment of ovary none. Female flower sessile
in the spathe. Perianth-segments 3, minute. Ovary with a long beak,
1-celled ; styles 3, simple, filiform, minutely papillose ` ovules 2-seriate
on 3 parietal placentas. Fruit sub-globose, included in the spathe,
beak exserted. Seeds many, subglobose, with a membranous testa.—
Submerged, marine herbs. Rhizome creeping, rooting at the nodes.
Leaves oval or linear, surrounded by scales at the base. Spathes small,
solitary and sessile amongst the leaves.

A genus of about 6 species extending from Florida and the South Pacific to Malaya
and Australia.

Leaves ovate S S i S S i e ; : 1 A. ovata.

Leaves linear 2. H. stipulacea.

1. H. ovata, Gaud. in Freycin. Voy. Bot. 430, t. 40, fig. 1. A
small marine herb growing just above low-water mark. Rhizome
creeping. Leaves 2 from each node, ovate, entire, 1 in. long, 4—5 lin.
wide ; petiole 2-1 in. long, with several sheathing scales at the base.—
Halophila ovalis, Hook. f. Flor. Tasm. ii. 45; Ascherson in Nuovo
Giorn. Bot. Ital. iii. 301; Balf. f. in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. xiii, 290;
Engl. P. Ost-Afr. C. 94. Caulinia ovalis, R. Br. Prod. 339.

Nile Land. Suakin, Schweinfurth, 199!

Mozamb. Dist. Island of Zanzibar (ex Engler).

Tropical Asia, Australia, and Pacific Islands.

2. H. stipulacea, Aschers. in Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin,
1867, 3. Marine herb with creeping rhizome growing below low-water
mark, Leaves two from each node, linear, 2 in. long, 3 lin. wide;
petiole 3 lin. long. Scales 2 from each node, one sheathing the inter-
node, the other the bases of the leaves, membranous, white, obtuse,
6 lin. long.—Balf. f. in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. xiii. 290; Engl. Pü.
Ost-Afr. C. 94. Zostera stipulacea, Forsk. Flor. Aigypt. Arab. 158.

Nile Land. Suakin, Pullen!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Coast region near Lamu (ex Engler).

Oppen CXXXII. BURMANNIACEH. (By C. H. Wright.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Perianth superior, corolline, with
a longer or shorter (sometimes winged) tube; lobes 6 or 3, the outer
larger. Stamens 3, affixed to the perianth-tube. Ovary inferior 1- or
3-celled; style filiform; stigma capitate. Ovules very many. Fruit

CXXXII. BURMANNIACEE (WRIGHT). 11

capsular, crowned by the persistent part of the perianth-tube, dehiscing
by slits.—Slender colourless herbs. Stems simple. Leaves (in the
tropical African genera) reduced to minute scales. Inflorescence
terminal, cymose.

An order containing about 50 species dispersed through the tropics of both hemi-
spheres.

Perianth-tube winged. Ovary 3-celled : ; . 1. BURMANNIA.

Perianth-tube not winged. Ovary l-celled . 5 : . 2. GYMNOSIPHON.

1. BURMANNIA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 457.

Perianth-tube with 3 prominent wings; 3 outer lobes induplicato-
valvate, 3 inner small. Anthers 3, subsessile in the tube below the
inner perianth-lobes; connective produced above the cells. Ovary
3-celled, with axile placentation ; ovules very numerous; style included,
shortly 3-lobed. Capsule with 3 wings, dehiscing by slits between the
wings. Seeds small; testa reticulate or striate.—Erect herbs. Stem
simple. Leaves reduced to small scales. Cymes terminal.

Species about 20, spread through the tropics of both hemispheres.

1. B. bicolor, var. africana, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1887, 85. Stem
erect, thin, wiry, 2-3 in. high Leaves few, lanceolate, acute, the lower
3 lin. long. Inflorescence cymose, 1—7-flowered. Perianth-tube violet,
with 3 wings narrower at the base, giving an obcordate outline; outer
lobes 3, yellow keeled with purple, inner linear-lanceolate, pale yellow.
Stamens 3, inserted at the middle of the perianth-tube ; anthers with
2 distinct, subglobose cells. Ovary 3-celled, many-ovuled ; style filiform ;
stigma capitate.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 6474! Johnston!

Mozamb. Dist. Lower Plateau north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson !

B. africana, J. Braun and Schum. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. 1889, p. 162,
from the Cameroons, is mentioned without description.

2. GYMNOSIPHON, Blume; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 458.

Perianth-tube elongated, not winged, circumscissile a short distance
above the ovary; limb with the 3 outer lobes wide, induplicato-valvate,
the 3 inner small or wanting. Anthers 3, subsessile near the throat of
the perianth, with 4 globose cells. Ovary inferior, 1-celled; placentas
3 parietal, sometimes bifid. Ovules very numerous. Capsule globose,
crowned by the persistent base of the perianth-tube. Seeds very small ;
testa inappendiculate.—Weak annual herbs, sometimes hyaline. Stem
erect, usually simple. Leaves reduced to small scales. Flowers small
1n terminal, lax or congested cymes.

Species about 12, inhabiting principally the Malayan Archipelago, a few extending
to Tropical America.

12 CXXXII. BURMANNIACEX (WRIGHT). [Gymnosiphon.

Cymes lax,
Outer perianth-segments 3-lobed ; inner minute 5 . 1. G. usambaricus.
Outer perianth-segments entire ; inner absent . : . 2. G. squamatus.
Cymes dense, subcapitate . : c i S : . 3. G. congestus.

1. G. usambaricus, Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xx. 138, t. 5, figs. A.—L.
Stem decumbent at the base, slender, 6 in. high. Leaves scale-like,
narrower than the stem, the lower lanceolate, the upper oblong, rather
obtuse. Cyme terminal, bifid, 5-9-flowered ; lateral branches longer
than the first flower. Perianth-tube cylindrical, with 6 glands on the
outside near the top of the ovary; outer lobes 3, rather shorter than
the tube, 3-lobed, induplicato-valvate; inner lobes 3, minute, ovate’
Anthers subsessile on the perianth-tube opposite the inner lobes, with
4 globose cells. Ovary 1-celled, with 3 bilobed, many-ovuled placentas ;
style as long as the perianth-tube; stigma large, 3-lobed—Engl. Pf.
Ost-Afr. C. 151. Dictyostegia usambarica, Engl. in Abhandl. Berl.
Akad. Wiss. 1894, 45 (nomen).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 2478.

2. G. squamatus, Wright. A very slender herb, 2—4 in. high.
Leaves very few, reduced to ovate scales rather broader than the stem.
Cyme terminal, bifid. Perianth-tube cylindrical, 14 lin. long ; limb
with 3 entire ovate lobes; inner lobes none. Anthers 3, subsessile on
the throat of the perianth. Ovary 1-celled, with 3 many-ovuled parietal
placentas ; style as long as the perianth-tube ; stigma 3-lobed.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 311!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sibange Farm, Soyaux, 167! 168!

3. G. congestus, Wright. Stem slender, simple, about 24 in. high.
Scale-leaves few, ovate, acuminate.. Cyme congested, subcapitate, about
7-flowered. Perianth-lobes 3, oblong, acute; inner lobes none. Stamens
3, alternate with the perianth-lobes; anthers with 4 globose cells; con-
nective without appendage. Ovary 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentas.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: River Nun, Mann, 515 partly! Cameroons:
Efulen, Bates, 370!

Dictyostegia longistyla, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, 528, coliected on the
River Nun by Vogel and Mann, closely resembles Gymanosiphon, but in the absence of
perfect flowers must remain doubtful.

Order CXXXII. ORCHIDEA. (By D. A. Rolfe.)

Perianth superior, irregular, of six free or variously combined seg-
ments. Sepals equal, or the dorsal one (ventral if the flower is not re-
versed) different; the lateral ones sometimes united with each other or
with the foot of the column, forming a sac- or spur-shaped base, called
the mentum. Petals usually free, the lateral ones often more or less
different from the sepals, the ventral one (dorsal if the flower is not
reversed) called the lip, very different, entire or variously lobed, the

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 13

so-called disc or central part usually bearing crests or appendages, and
the base sometimes extended into a sac or spur. Stamens and style
united into a central column which faces the lip. Anther (in the
African genera) solitary, on the top or back of the column, and more
or less adnate to it, 2- or 4-celled. Pollen-grains cohering in 2-8
globose or club-shaped, waxy or granular masses, called pollinia, which
are free or cohere in pairs or fours or altogether by a viscid append-
age, and sometimes attached to a distinct stipes and gland. Ovary
inferior, 1—-celled with parietal placentas in the African genera, undeve-
loped at flowering-time. Stigma either consisting of a viscid surface
near the top of the concave side of the column or two-lobed and lateral ;
in the former case it faces the lip, and is usually separated from the
anther, below which it lies, by an appendage called the rostellum.
Seeds very numerous, minute, fusiform ; testa loose, reticulated, enclos-
ing a homogeneous embryo.—Herbs of various habit, or rarely
shrubby ; in many cases terrestrial, with tuberous roots or perennial
creeping rhizomes, annual herbaceous stems and solitary spicate or
racemose flowers, or in other cases epiphytal, with perennial stems
or branches, variously thickened and forming pseudobulbs, upon which
the leaves and flowers are borne, or the latter sometimes produced
below them. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, coriaceous or mem-
branous. Inflorescence terminal, basal or axillary, spicate, racemose
or paniculate, sometimes single-flowered.

The largest order among monocotyledons, the species now known being estimated
at over five thousand. They are found throughout the globe, except in the highest
latitudes and altitudes, and the more remote oceanic islands. The epiphytic species
are for the most part confined to the intertropical zone, within which they are most
numerous in the mountains of Tropical Asia and America; in Tropical Africa,
however, the majority of the species are terrestrial.

Pollinia waxy.
Anther 2-celled; pollinia 2-8, united by a viscid
appendage, free from the rostellum + Tribe 1. EPIDENDREÆ.
Pollinia 4, sometimes cohering in pairs.
Column not produced into a foot at the base ;
lip continuous with the base of the column;
flowers with spreading perianth segments Subtribe i. Mats,
Column produced into a foot at the base; lip
articulated to the foot of the column;
flowers with erect or subconnivent peri-
anth segments . ; S : . Subtribe iis DENDROBIEÆ.
Pollinia 8.
Column produced into a very short foot at the
base; lip attached to the foot of the
column; subsaccate at the base . Subtribe iii. ERIEÆ.
Column footless ; lip inserted at the base of
the column, and either convolute round
it or more or less adnate to it; its base
produced into a slender spur ` Subtribe iv. BLETIER.
Anther cells usually confluent ; pollinia 2 or 4,
attached singly or in pairs to a stipes and
gland (a process of the rostellum), with which
they are carried away upon removal. . Tribe 2. VANDEX.

14 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE).

Leaves nerved and plicate.
Lip spurred or saccate at the base
Lip not spurred or saccate at the base .
Leaves coriaceous, conduplicate at the base
Pollinia granular or powdery.
Pollinia free or with apical caudicle and gland ;
anther case operculate or erect and persistent
Tall climbers
Terrestrial herbs.
Anther erect or suberect; rostellum elongate.
Stems tall, leafy ; leaves plicate; flowers in

a terminal panicle . 5 5 C
Stems dwarf; leaves membranous ; flowers
in erect spikes S :

Anther incumbent or suberect; rostellum
short or nearly obsolete.

Stems from an underground tuber ; leaves
radical; flowers in leafless scapes,
usually borne in advance of the
leaves

Stems erect, leafy, from an underground
rootstock ; flowers in terminal racemes

Pollinia with basal caudicle and gland; anther cells
adnate to the column, and persistent, often
continuous with the rostellum ,

Anther erect .
Anther more or less reflexed from ‘the back of
the column.

Dorsal sepal and petals not cohering;
rostellum small :

Dorsal sepal and petals cohering into a “hood;
rostellum greatly developed into a
shield-like process over the anther

Key to the Genera,
Subtribe i. MataxEm,
Lip superior.
Leaves distichous, sessile, equitant or rarely terete

Leaves scattered, petiolate, blade ovate to oblong .
Lip inferior.

Anther cells widely diverging, lateral .
Anther cells parallel . :

Subtribe ii, DENDROBIEÆ.

Flowers attached to a cylindrical, sometimes thickened
rhachis; bracts scattered or subdistichous ; EE
subequal >

Flowers and bracts arranged on either side of a
dilated and often flattened rhachis; lateral sepals
shorter than the curved dorsal one; base broad ;
apex falcate or reflexed

Subtribe iii. Errex .

Subtribe v. EULOPHIEÆ.
Subtribe vi. CYMBIDIE®.
Subtribe vii. SARCANTHER.

Tribe 3. NEOTTIEX
Subtribe viii. VANILLER.

Subtribe ix, CoRYMBIEZX.

Subtribe x. SPIRANTHEÆ.

Subtribe xi. ARETHUSEX.

Subtribe xii. LIMODORER,

Tribe 4. OPHRYDER.
Subtribe xiii. HABENARIER.

Subtribe xiv. DISES.

Subtribe xv. CORYCIEÆ.

1. OBERONIA.
2. MICROSTYLIS,

3. ORESTIA.
4, LIPARIS.

5. BULBOPHYLLUM.

6. MEGACLINIUM.

~T

. ANCISTROCHILUS.

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE).

Subtribe iv. BLETIEÆ.

Lip free from the column and convolute round it,
subentire

Lip adnate to the column, its limb flat or reflexed,
and 3- to 4-lobed .

Subtribe v. EULOPHIEÆ.

Lip more or less saccate or calcarate, often attached

to the more or less produced foot of the column.

Sepals and petals equal or subequal, subconnivent,

or the sepals seldom reflexed; petals usually

very similar to the sepals in colour

Sepals generally strongly reflexed; petals much

larger, erect or suberect, usually differently

coloured from the sepals

Lip sessile at the base of the very short footless
column, neither saccate nor calcarate

Subtribe vi. CYMBIDIEX.

Lip inferior; sepals and petals subequal.
Flowers in a loose raceme or panicle, over 1 in.
diam.; lip 3-lobed :
Flowers in a short congested raceme, kinder 1 in.
diam.; lip entire .

Lip superior; sepals and petals unequal :

Subtribe vii. SARCANTHEÆ.

Pollinia with a single stipes and gland.
Spur saccate, usually shorter than the sepals and
petals; side lobes of the lip distinct and
broadly rounded . - :
Spur usually variously calcarate, often very ‘long ;
side lobes of the lip usually obsolete
Pollinia with two distinct stipes; gland simple or
divided.
Stipes of pollinia attached to a single gland .
Stipes of pollinia attached to two distinct glands

Subtribe viii. VANILLEÆ
Subtribe ix. CORYMBIEÆ

Subtribe x. SPIRANTHEÆ.

Front lobe of the lip attached to the sac by a narrow
claw.
Sepals free; column unappendaged . > :
Sepals connate to the middle into a tube; column
with two linear arms as long as the rostellum
Front lobe of the lip sessile on the sac.
Sepals free or nearly so.
Column short and stout, with two crest-like
appendages in front.
Column elongate and clavate, umappendaged in
front
Sepals connate to beyond the middle into a narrow
tube

8. PHAIUS.

9. CALANTHE.

. 10. EULOPHIA.

. 11. LissocHIuvs.

12. PTEROGLOSSASPIS.

. 18. ANSELLIA.

. 14. NEOBENTHAMIA.
. 15. PoLYSTACHYA.

. 16. SACCOLABIUM.

. 17. ANGRECUM.

. 18. LisTROSTACHYS.
. 19. MYSTACIDIUM.

. 20. VANILLA.

. 21. CoRYMBIS.

22. ZEUXINE.

23. CHEIROSTYLIS.

. 24, HET#RIA.

. 25. PLATYLEPIS.

. 26. MANNIELLIA.

15

16 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE).

Subtribe xi. ARETHUSER.

Lip without spur or sac, ; d ; : . 27. Pogonta.
Lip saccate or shortly calcarate S S 3 . 28. EPIPoGUM.
Subtribe xii. LIMODORER . : 5 -. . 29. EpIpactis.

Subtribe xiii. HABENARIER,

Middle lobe of the rostellum tooth-like, subulate or
broader below, flat and distinct from the side
lobes, or obsolete.
Sepals subequal and more or less connivent.
Lip ecalcarate A S 5 i : . 30. STENOGLOTTIS.
Lip variously calcarate.
Petals more or less exceeding the sepals.
Lip slightly adnate to the e scape
without sheaths . . 31. HOLOTHRIX.
Lip deeply adnate to the column ; ; ` scape
with numerous lanceolate sheaths . 32. DER@MERIA.
Petals equalling, or shorter than the sepals . 33. PERISTYLUs.
Sepals unequal, the lateral ones more or less
spreading.
Lip concave or subsaccate at the base : . 34. BRACHYCORYTHIS.
Lip variously calcarate.
Stigmas sessile or subsessile, confluent or more ,
or less distinct.
Anther sessile : : S . . 35. PLATANTHERA.
Anther long-stalked : 36. PODANDRIA.
Stigmas more or less distinctly stalked, and
very rarcly confluent.
Anther-cells produced into long channels ;
stigmas produced in front only . . 37. HABENARIA,
Anther-cells obtuse in front, without chan-
nels; stigmas produced behind into a
pair of tooth-like processes 2 . 38. R@PEROCHARIS.
Middle lobe of the rostellum more or less concave or
complicate, usually broader, more or less united
to the side lobes and galeate.
Lip inferior (flower reversed, as is usual in the

order).
Stigmatic processes very long, and partly adnate
to the stalk of the ip . : . 39. BONATEA.
Stigmatic processes not adnate to the lip, usually
short.
Lip narrow, simple or with narrow lobes . 40. PLATYCORYNE.
Lip broad, variously 3- or 4-lobed - . 41. Cynorcuis.
Lip superior (flower not reversed) è ; . 42, AMPHORCHIS.
Subtribe xiv. DISEÆ.
Lip superior, 2-saccate or calcarate at the base. . 43. SaTYRIUM.
Lip inferior, neither saccate nor calcarate.
Petals free from the dorsal sepal . R ; . 44. Disa.
Petals adherent to the dorsal sepals. : . 45. BROWNLEEA.

Subtribe xv. CORYCIE® . > S S 46. DISPERIS.

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 17

1. OBERONIA, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 494.

Sepals free, subequal, spreading or deflexed. Petals mostly smaller.
Lip superior, sessile, entire or 2—4-lobed. Column very short; anther
terminal, incumbent; pollinia 4, cohering by a viscid appendage.—
Tufted epiphytes, without pseudobulbs. Leaves distichous, equitant,
ensiform or very rarely terete. Flowers very minute, in dense sub-
cylindrical spikes or racemes.

A genus of about sixty species, of which the majority are Indian and Malayan,
with one in Japan, two or three others in Australia and Polynesia, and one in the
Mascarene Islands.

1. O. brevifolia, Lindl. Gen. d Sp. Orch.16. Stem leafy, 1-3 in.
long. Leaves closely imbricate, ovate or oblong. Spikes generally about
as long as the stem, slender, usually drooping. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, serrulate, loosely investing the pedicel and ovary, $ lin.
long. Sepals broadly ovate. Petals linear. Lip slightly embracing
the column, hollowed at the base, usually bilobed at the apex. Capsule
ovoid, with three prominent ribs, and three alternating smaller ones,
14 lin. long.—Lindl. Fol. Orch., Oberon. 6; Engl. Veg. Usamb. in
Abhandi. d. K. Preuss. Akad. zu Berlin, 1894, reprint, p. 47; Kränz)
in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. CO 154.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa; Usambara; Nderema, 2900-3200 ft.
(ex Krdnzlin).

Widely diffused in the Mascarene Islands, I have not seen African specimens,
unless the succeeding belongs here.

2. O. sp., Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 138. Caulescent, 2 in. high.
Leaves ensiform, 8—10 lin. long. Scape ł in. high. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acute, ł lin. long. Capsule subglobose, shortly pedicelled.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Quintas, 11!

Resembles the preceding in habit, and may be a dwarfed state of it, but this
must remain uncertain until flowers are known.

2. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 494.

Sepals free, subequal, spreading. Petals equalling the sepals, but
usually narrower, sometimes filiform. Lip superior, sessile, erect or
spreading, shorter than the petals, often very broad, entire, 2—3-lobed
or fimbriate-dentate ; base cordate or extending into elongated auricles,
which clasp the column. Column very short, terete, with short spreading
arms ; anther subterminal ; pollinia 4.—Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs,
with or without pseudobulbs. Leaves one to three, continuous with
their sheath, membranous. Flowers small, often minute, in lax or
dense spikes, occasionally subumbellate. Bracts small, narrow,

A genus of about seventy species, most abundant in Tropical Asia and America,
with one widely diffused through the north temperate zone, three or four others in

VOL. VII. c

18 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Microstylis.

Polynesia, and one in Australia. Besides the two species here enumerated, there is
another African one in the Comoro Islands.
Flowers yellow ; lip cuneate, emarginate . : , Ll. ML. prorepens.
Flowers purple; lip obcordate-orbicular . : ; . 2. M. stelidostachya.

1. M. prorepens, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 48. Rhizome
creeping ; flowering stems bearing sheaths, increasing in size upwards,
above them 3-leaved. Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, shortly petioled.
Scapes bearing a few narrowly linear, acuminate sheaths; spikes con-
gested, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, very acuminate, almost equalling
the ovary. Flowers minute, yellow. Dorsal sepal ligulate, acute ;
lateral ones ovate-oblong, subacute, broader than the dorsal. Petals
linear from an ovate base, acute, equalling the sepals. Lip cuneate,
emarginate; base embracing the short column; disc bearing a pilose
cushion.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; Sugarloaf Mountain, near Freetown; on wet
rocks, Preuss.

Only known to me from the original description.

2. M. stelidostachya, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 118. Stems
somewhat tufted, suberect, 2—34 in. high, bearing several loose sheaths,
diphyllous. Leaves ovate, subacute, 14-2} in. long, 3-14 in. broad.
Scapes 5-8 in. high, many-flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate, acumi-
nate, ł to 1 lin. long. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long; lateral
ones ovate-oblong, obtuse, a little shorter than the dorsal one. Petals
linear-lanceolate, acute, 1} lin. long. Lip broadly obcordate-orbicular,
1} lin. long; apical lobes rounded, entire; dise with a pair of small
scabrid or minutely tuberculate areas near the base, and outside the
three central, scarcely thickened nerves. Column 4 lin. long.—Ridl.
in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxiv. 347.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Mann, 1151!

The flowers are purplish in the dried state.

3. ORESTIA, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 197.

Sepals spreading, free, the central ones falcate. Petals spreading,
narrower than the sepals. Lip inferior, shorter than the sepals,
broadly obovate, pulvinate in the centre. Column elongate, terete,
incurved, slightly narrowed upwards; anther terminal, with very short
filament, adnate to the rostellum; cells widely diverging and lateral,
dehiscing early ; pollinia 2 in each cell, inappendiculate, elliptical, curved,
waxy, yellow. Stigma deeply concave. Rostellum thin, nearly trun-
cate, diverging laterally into a broad lobe on either side.—A terres-
trial herb, with slender erect stem. Leaves 2, membranous, continuous
with the sheath. Flowers small, in a lax raceme. Bracts small and
narrow.

A very remarkable endemic monotype, with the habit and general appearance of
some Microstylis or Liparis, but remarkably different in the structure of the column.
Mr. Ridley refers it to Neottiee, with which, however, I am unable to trace any
affinity. At first I suspected it might be an abnormal state of some Liparis.

Orestia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 19

1. O. elegans, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 198, t. 6. Stems
3 in. high, slender, 2—3-leaved. Leaves ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acute
23-3 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; margin undulate. Scapes 5-6 in. long.
Raceme lax, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, acuminate, 1-14 lin. long.
Sepals ovate-oblong; lateral ones faleate, 14 lin. long. Lip nearly
quadrate, emarginate, with large rounded auricles, 1 lin. long; disc
with a small purple pubescent cushion in the centre. Column 4 lin.
long.—Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 201 (Orestias by error).

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: between Lagoa Amelia and San Pedro,
4000 ft., Moller, 94!

In habit much resembles Microstylis stelidostachya, Reichb. f.

4, LIPARIS, Rich.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 495.

Sepals spreading, free, or the lateral ones sometimes more or less
connate, often falcate and broader than the dorsal. Petals usually
very narrow. Lip inferior, adnate to the base of the column, usually
deflexed or recurved above the erect base, entire, often bituberculate at
the base. Column usually long and slender, incurved, margined or winged
at the apex; anther terminal; pollinia 4, free or cohering by a viscid
appendage.—Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs, with or without pseudo-
bulbs. Leaves one or more, membranous and continuous with the
sheath, or somewhat coriaceous and jointed on the sheath or pseudo-
bulb. Flowers small or medium-sized, in lax or dense racemes. Bracts
small or narrow.

A genus of about 120 species, found throughout the warm and temperate regions
of the globe, but most numerous in India. All the African species belong to the
section Mollitfolie.

Leaves 3-6 in. long.
Lip broadest near the apex.
Lip obcordately bilobed.
Leaves ovate lanceolate ; apex attenuate or subacute
Leaves broadly elliptical ; apex subobtuse
Lip broadly orbicular-ovate ` : : :
Lip as broad or broader near the base than the apex.

. DL. rufina.
. L. guineensis.
. L. ruwenzoriensis.

On ka

Lip linguiform with broad base 4. L. abyssinica,
Lip broadly elliptical-oblong 5. L. Bowkeri.
Leaves 1-2 in. long, or rarely longer.
Stems not pseudobulbous at the base.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate 6. L. gracilis.
Leaves broadly ovate : : : 7. L. Welwitschii.
Stems with ovoid-globose pseudobulbous base . 8. L. capensis ?
Leaves } in. long . $ g 9. L. Guingange.

l. L. rufina, Reichb. f. Mss. Pseudobulbs ovoid, }-14 in. long,
usually triphyllous. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subacute,
narrowed above the sheathing base, 4—8 in. long, #-1} in. broad.
Scapes 3-11 ft. high, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, sub-
acute, 14-3 in. long. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, 24 in.
long; lateral ones falcate-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Petals falcate-

20 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Liparis.

linear, obtuse, 2} lin. long. Lip broadly obcordate, crenulate, shortly
unguiculate, somewhat fleshy, 1? lin. long and the same broad; base
bituberculate. Column 1 lin. long.—Z. elata var. rufina, Ridl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xxii. 260.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius! Morson! Sugarloaf Mountain,
Wilford! Scott-Elliot, 3957! Lagos, Barter, 20202! Niger Delta: Nun River, on
mangroves, Barter, 20122 !

Closely allied to the Tropical American L. elata, Lindl., of which Ridley makes it
a variety, but differs in its proportionately shorter, crenulate and rather more fleshy
lip. It is also near the Indian L. bituberculata, Lindl. Barter notes the flowers as
“ deep red,” but a plant from Mr. Scott-Elliot, which flowered at Kew, had green
sepals and petals and a dull purple lip. Ridley refers Wilford’s specimens to the
following species, but both flowers and leaves agree with the present one.

2. L. guineensis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1671. Pseudobulbs oblong
or sometimes hardly developed, 4—5-leaved. Leaves elliptical or ovate-
oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, blade 3-7 in. long, 1-3 in. broad:
petiole 14-3 in. long. Scapes 4—1 ft. long. Bracts lanceolate, sub-
acute, 1-2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal linear-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.
Petals linear, 14 lin. long. Lip obcordate, shortly unguiculate, minutely
crenulate, 14 lin. long; base bituberculate. Column # lin. long.—Ridl.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 260; Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 236; ix.
136.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Whitfield !

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1980! Quintas, 8!

Whitfield’s original specimen from Sierra Leone has green flowers, but Barter’s
from Princes Island are marked “ Flowers purple,” yet I fail to distinguish them.

3. L. ruwenzoriensis, Moie, Leaves elliptical-oblong, subacute
or obtuse, base attenuate into a short petiole, 24-4 in. long, ł—14 in.
broad ; petioles 1-14 in. long. Scape 8-9 in. high; raceme 3—4 in.
long. Bracts lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long.
Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal oblong-linear, subobtuse, 24-3 lin.
long ; lateral ones falcate-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Petals linear,
subobtuse, 3 lin. long. Lip broadly orbicular-obovate, obtuse or trun-
cate, 24-3 lin. broad, very shortly unguiculate ; base bituberculate.
Column 14 lin. long, rather stout.—L. guineensis, Rendle in Journ.
Bot. 1895, 298 (not Lindl.).

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Butagu, 9000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
8056! :

Quite distinct from ZL. guineensis, Lindl., to which it has been referred. Fruiting
specimens from between Kondowa and Karonga, on the west of Lake Nyasa, Whyte !
apparently represent this or an allied species.

4. L. abyssinica, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 281. Pseudobulbs
covered with loose sheaths, 2—3-leaved. Leaves oval or oval-oblong,
acute, flat, with sheathing base. Scapes few-flowered. Bracts oval-
lanceolate, acute, equalling the ovary. Flowers purple. Dorsal sepal
lanceolate, subobtuse; lateral ones half oval, obtuse, united to above
the middle. Petals linear. Lip with broad semicanaliculate base,
linguiform, obtuse, entire and fleshy above, carunculate above the

Liparis. ] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 21

base.—Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 265. Sturmia abyssinica, Reichb.
f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 527.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Mt. Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin Dillon.

Only known to me from the original description, ‘The author compares it with
the Mauritian Z. purpurascens, Lindl., and the South Indian L. alata, A. Rich,
remarking that the leaves are not undulate as in the former, and the rbachis not
winged nor the lateral sepals free as in the latter.

5. L. Bowkeri, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 6, t. 109. Stems covered
with the loose sheathing bases of the leaves, 1-3 in. high, 2—3-leaved.
Leaves broadly ovate or elliptical-oblong, obtuse, petiolate; blade 14-4
in. long, 1-24 in. broad. Scapes 3-5 in. long; racemes lax. Bracts
ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
lanceolate-linear, obtuse, 4-5 lin. long; lateral ones falcate-oblong,
obtuse, 3-4 lin. long. Petals elongate-linear, very narrow, 5-6 lin.
long. Lip broadly elliptical-oblong, obtuse, shortly unguiculate ; margin
slightly undulate, equalling the lateral sepals; base bituberculate.
Column slender, 2 lin. long; wings rounded, obtuse.—Ridl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xxii. 270; Kranz]. in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. C. 154.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 6000-6500 ft.,
Voikens, 2094! British Central Africa : Nyasaland, Buchanan, 698!

Found also in extra-tropical South-east Africa.

6. L. gracilis, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 138. Rhizomes
slender, creeping. Stems slender, erect, 4—14 in. high, 2-3-leaved.
Leaves lanceolate to ovate, narrowed at the base into a short sheathing
petiole, limb 3—14 in. long, 3—5 lin. broad. Scapes 23 in. high; raceme
lax, few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate-ovate, acute, 1 lin. long. Pedicels
4 lin. long. Dorsal sepal lanceolate-linear, obtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral
ones united nearly to the apex in a suborbicular body, 2 lin. long.
Petals narrowly falcate-linear, obtuse, a little longer than the sepals.
Lip reniform-ovate, 2 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, with three inconspicuous
keels in the middle ; base bituberculate. Column slender, with short,
broad, obtuse wings.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Quintas, 9!

Allied to the preceding, but a smaller, more slender plant in every respect.

"E, Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865,184. Rhizome creep-
ing. Stems erect, slender, 3 in. high, 3~4-leaved. Leaves ovate,
subobtuse, petiolate, blade 1-14 in. long, 3-1} in. broad; petioles 4—} in.
long, with narrow, sheathing base. Racemes dense, peduncled, about
2 in. long. Flowers very small, dark purple; lip with white margin.
Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate ; lateral ones ovate-oblong, much broader.
Petals linear, obtuse. Lip short, cordate, obtuse, rather fleshy, without
basal ealli, about equalling the lateral sepals, Column semiterete,
slightly curved, without wings. Capsule elliptical-oblong, shortly
stalked, 2-3 lin. long.—Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Xx 280.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 660!

22 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE) | Liparis.

8. L. capensis, Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. i. iv. 314% Pseudo-
bulbs globose or ovoid, 5-9 lin. broad, 2—8-leaved. Leaves ovate,
subobtuse or apiculate, with broad sheathing base, #-14 in. long.
Scapes 3-4} in. high; racemes many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceo-
late, acute, 2-6 lin. long. Capsule oblong or elliptical-oblong, pedicelled,
3-4 lin. long.— Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 218; Engl. Hochgeb.
Fl. Trop. Afr. 187.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 6000-7000 ft., Mann, 2129!

The specimens, which are in fruit only, have been identified with the South

African L. capensis, Lindl., but the determination requires confirmation when flowers
are available.

9. L. Guingangee, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 103. A small plant,
3 in. high. Pseudobulbs minute, globose, 2-leaved. Leaves lanceolate,
mucronate, spreading, + lin. long, 2 in. broad. Scape slender, angulate ;
raceme few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate, acuminate, 14 lin.
long. Flowers small, whitish or pale yellow. Dorsal sepal linear, 4 lin.
long; lateral ones ovate, slightly falcate, equalling the lip. Petals
linear. Lip ovate, apiculate. Column slender, erect ; apex incurved.-—
Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 274.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Morro de Monino, Welwitsch, 723!

5. BULBOPHYLLUM, Thou.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 501.

Dorsal sepal free, erect, or spreading; lateral ones oblique at the
base and adnate to the foot of the column, forming a chin, erect or
spreading, free or rarely connate, sometimes larger than the dorsal one.
Petals mostly smaller and narrower than the sepals. Lip contracted at
the base, and articulated to the foot of the column, mostly recurved,
usually small and more or less fleshy, glabrous, ciliate, minutely toothed
or barbate ; side lobes mostly small or obsolete. Column erect, mostly
very short ` apex with two or rarely four variously shaped teeth; base
produced into a longish foot. Anther terminal operculate, incumbent,
usually somewhat.depressed, 2- or rarely 1-celled ; pollinia waxy, normally
4, but usually more or less connate in pairs, unappendaged or rarely
cohering by a viscid exudation. Capsule ovoid or oblong.—Herbs with
more or less creeping rhizomes. Pseudobulbs sessile in the axil of a
sheath, ovoid-oblong, 4-angled or subcompressed, rarely absent, 1 or
2-leaved. Scapes arising from the base of the pseudobulbs, simple,
their bases bearing numerous sheaths. Flowers in spikes, racemes or
umbels, rarely solitary ; rhachis slender or thickened, but not flattened.
Bracts often small, occasionally larger and imbricate.—Tribrachia,
Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 832. Tawrostalix, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit.
1852, 933.

A genus of nearly 300 species, found almost throughout the tropics, but most
numerous in India and Malaya.

*Lip entire or nearly so.

+Pseudobulbs normally 2-leaved; flowers spicate.
Bracts under 2 lin. long.

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE).

Lip glatrous.
Racemes only a few in. long.

Bracts erect or spreading, not reflexed with age.

Leaves 1-2 in. long.
Flowers distichous.
Petals subulate-linear
Petals lanceolate-linear .
Flowers secund
Leaves 3—4 in, long.
Sepals 3 lin. long, acuminate
Sepals 2 lin. long, subacute
Bracts spreading, reflexed with age.
Leaves elliptical .
Leaves linear-oblong.
Petals faleate-incurved
Petals subulate-linear
Racemes very long.
Leaves linear ; sepals connate to the middle 9.

Cnr

oy

CDD si g

Leaves SE sepals free . : a 10:

Lip ciliate. S : : : TL
Bracts 3-5 lin. long.

Bracts subacuminate, lax : SC

Bracts acute or subacute, closely imbricate.
Scapes 5-7 in. long.

Pseudobulbs oblong; racemes 1-14 in. long 13.

Pseudobulbs elongate; racemes 24-4 in. long 14.
Scapes 1 ft. or more long . : c 2 l5:
Bracts 6-8 lin. long . 16.
t+Pseudobulbs normally 1- eaved, occasionally 2- leaved
in 17 and 36.
Flowers solitary . : : ; S : ans

Flowers in racemes.
Pseudobulbs not flattened from the top.
Scapes filiform or nearly so.

Pseudobulbs distant . ; < IS;

Pseudobulbs approximate or t subapproximate,

Lip glabrous : : : = UGE

Lip ciliate . S : S S SL
Scapes stouter,
Lip glabrous; sepals glabrous, caudate or
acuminate.
Leaves under 1 in. long - : SE
Leaves 3-6 in. long.
Sepals 24-3 lin. long, greenish-yellow . 22.
Sepals 4-5 lin. long, orange yellow . 23.
Lip ciliate.
Sepals glabrous, caudate or acuminate.
Pseudobulbs attenuate towards the

apex ; leaves 9-10 lin. broad . 24,

Pseudobulbs broad near the apex; leaves

10-15 lin. broad : : . 25.
Sepals glabrous, acute . S : - 26:
Sepals glabrous, obtuse . i SE

Lip minutely serrulate or denticulate.
Sepals glabrous,

. B. fuscum.
. B. Oreonastes.
. B. Braunii.

> B. denticulatum.
. B. cespitosum.

. B. resupinatum.

. B. falcipetalum.
. B. Rhizophore.

B. calyptratum.
B. filiforme.

B. tenuicaule.
B. bifarium.
B. gravidum.
B. cochleatum.

B. Mannii.
B. lupulinum.

B. Elaidum.

B, intertextum.

B. Quintasii,
B. viride.

B. coriscense.

B. flavidum.
B. aurantiacum.

B. cocoinum.

B. andongense.
B. recurvum.

B. nigripetalum.

23

24 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Bulbophyllum.

Sepals oblong, obtuse : : . 28. B. pavimentatum.
Sepals ovate, acute . S i . 29. B. tetragonum.
Sepals triangular, cuspidate : . 80. B. Pipio.

Sepals pubescent or villose.
Lip attenuate at the base; rhachis

cylindrical : : . 31. B. comatum.
Lip broad at the base; rhachis much
thickened . : . . 32. B. inflatum.

Lip barbate with long hairs.
Scapes 1 ft. or more long.
Bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute . . 33. B. calamarium.
Bracts elliptical-oblong, obtuse . . 384. B. rupincola,
Scapes under 6 in, long.
Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong.
Flowers secund ; lateral sepals united S
at the base . : : . 35. B. porphyroglossum.
Flowers distichous or scattered, lateral
sepals free.

Bracts distichous, subdistant . 36. B. distans.
Bracts not distichous, approximate 37. B. saltatorium.
Pseudobulbs orbicular, subcompressed . 38. B. barbigerum.,
Pseudobulbs flattened from the top (a very
dwarf species) . ; ; . 39. B. Nummularia,
**Lip trilobed,
Petals spathulate . i : : S . 40. B. Gabonis.
Petals ligulate S : s S : i . 41. B. Herminiostachys.

1. B. fuscum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 3. Pseudobulbs
3—14 in. apart, on a creeping rhizome, oblong or elliptical-oblong,
tetragonous, 7—12 lin. long, diphyllous. Leaves oblong or elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, 4-2} in. long, 34-6 lin. broad. Scapes suberect,
somewhat arching above the middle, 2-34 in. long; spikes }-14 in.
long. Bracts distichous, lax, triangular-ovate, acuminate, 1-2 lin.
long. Sepals subequal, triangular-ovate, acuminate, 2 lin. long.
Petals subulate-linear, acute, 1 lin. long. Lip very fleshy, oblong,
obtuse, glabrous, ł lin. long, with an acute keel in front, and two
similar lateral ones behind, which terminate abruptly at the base as
winglike appendages. Column 4 lin. long; teeth very short, obtuse,
and winglike.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 256.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges! Sugarloaf Mountain, Barter, 8!
Scott-Elliot, 4023 !

A flowerless specimen from Sierra Leone, Afzelius, in Swartz’s Herbarium appears
to be a luxuriant form of this species.

2. B. Oreonastes, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 118. Pseudobulbs
3—1 in. apart, on a creeping rhizome, 4-angled, ovoid-oblong, 3 in. long,
2-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, 14-1} in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, base
contracted into a short petiole. Scapes suberect, arching, 24-4 in.
long ; racemes 14-2 in. long. Sepals ovate-triangular, acute; lateral
ones slightly faleate, 14-2 lin. long. Petals subulate from a triangular-
lanceolate base, nearly 1 lin. long. Lip strongly recurved, fleshy,
obtuse, glabrous, ł lin. long. ` Column very stout, 4 lin. long; teeth

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 25

minute, acute from a broad base. Capsule ellipsoid-oblong, 3 lin. long.
—Rolfe in Orch. Rev. iii.70; B. sp., Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii.
220; B. hookerianum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 49; Gard. Chron.
1894, xv. 685; Rolfe in Orch. Rev. ii. 236.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons; mountains at 5000 ft., Mann, 2122! Buea,
5500 ft., Preuss, 943 !

Closely allied to the preceding, but differing in the shape of the petals and other
characters.

3. B. Braunii, Kränzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 154.
Pseudobulbs ovoid-tetragonous, ł in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves lanceolate,
obtuse, obliquely bilobed, about 1} in. long, 2—24 lin. broad. Scapes
about equalling the leaves, and bearing several scarious obtuse sheaths ;
racemes somewhat flexuose, Flowers secund, yellowish, 2 lin. diameter.
Bracts oblong, obtuse, apiculate, twice as long as the ovary. Lateral
sepals broadly ovate at the base, caudate above, reflexed at the apex;
dorsal one oblong, long acuminate, longer than the laterals. Petals
narrowly linear, obtuse, nearly as long as the lateral sepals. Lip
triangular, smooth, slightly sulcate in the middle. Column very
broad; teeth short, truncate——Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr.
v. 10.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Malimba, Braun, 81.

Only known to me from the original description.

4, B. denticulatum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1891, 197. Pseudo-
bulbs on a stout creeping rhizome, somewhat distant, ovoid-tetragonous,
14 in. long, 1 in. broad, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 3-34 in.
long, 5-8 lin. broad. Scape suberect, slender, 5—6 in. long; raceme
subdeflexed, 11-14 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, subacute,
13-2 lin. long. Sepals subequal, fleshy, ovate, acuminate, carinate,
3 lin. long. Petals membranous, elliptical-ovate, mucronulate, mi-
nutely denticulate, 2 lin. long; middle nerve thickened. Lip fleshy,
linear-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, 2 lin. long. Column stout, ł lin, long;
teeth oblong, subobtuse, } lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone. Flowered in the collection of Mr. J. O’Brien,
in 1892,

5. B. ceespitosum, Zhou. Orch. Iles Afr., t. 103. Pseudobulbs
3-2 in, apart, on a stout creeping rhizome, oblong or ovoid-oblong,
4-1} in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 24—4 in. long,
3-5 lin. broad. Scapes suberect, 3—4 in. long; raceme arching,
1-2 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, subacute, rigid, 14 lin.
long. Sepals ovate, acute or subacute, 1#-2 lin. long. Petals linear-
lanceolate, acute. Lip recurved, fleshy, oblong. Column teeth very
short.—Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 10.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone (ex Durand & Schinz).

I have not seen Sierra Leone specimens, and have taken the above description from
Mascarene ones, referred to this species by S. Moore in Baker’s Flora of Mauritius, 346,
though they do not agree well with Thouars’ original figure. It is possible that when

26 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [ Bulbophyllum.

the neeessary materials are forthcoming some alterations will have to be made in these
determinations.

6. B. resupinatum, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 198. Pseudobulbs
trigonous, tricanaliculate, 1 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves elliptical, retuse,
with a minute apiculus, 1-1} in. long, 4 in. broad. Scapes 3-4 in.
long, stout, one or two from each pseudobulb, flowering almost to the
base. Bracts ovate, acute, imbricate in the young scape, at length
reflexed, 14 lin. long. Flowers small, resupinate, 1 lin. long. Lateral
sepals ovate, acute; dorsal one narrower. Petals linear, 1 lin. long.
Lip ovate, obtuse, glabrous. Column stout ; wings short, obtuse. Cap-
sule elliptical, 2-3 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: near Lagoa Amelia, 4400 ft., Moller
(ex Ridley) ; at Angolares, Quintas, 10!

7. B. falcipetalum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 128. Pseudo-
bulbs subapproximate, oblong or ovoid-oblong, 3—5 lin. long, 2-leaved.
Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 4—14 in. long, 2 lin. broad. Scapes
suberect, 1-2 in. long; racemes 3-1} in. long, 6-12-flowered. Bracts
distichous, ovate, acute, 3-1 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Dorsal sepal
lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long; lateral ones triangular-falcate,
acuminate. Petals falcate-incurved, linear, acute, 1} lin. long. Lip
linear-oblong from a broader base, acute, 2 lin. long. Column stout,
very short ; teeth oblong, obtuse, incurved.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of the Nun River, Mann, 526!

8. B. Rhizophore, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 125. Pseudo-
bulbs about } in. apart on a stoutish rhizome, oblong, subcompressed,
7-1 in. long, diphyllous. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 14—24 in.
long, 3-4 lin. broad. Scapes spreading, arcuate, 14-3 in. long, flower-
bearing nearly to the base; rhachis rusty-scaberulous. Bracts dis-
tichous, reflexed, ovate-oblong, acute or apiculate, 3—14 lin. long, rusty-
puberulous. Flowers rather fleshy and covered with a minute rusty
pubescence, uniformly deep purple. Dorsal sepal oblong, subacute,
1-1} lin. long; lateral ones broadly ovate, with falcate, acute apex.
Petals subulate-linear, acute, as long as the sepals. Lip oblong,
obtuse, fleshy, glabrous. Column very short, with two very minute
obtuse teeth.— Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5809.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Nun River, on mangroves, Barter, 20118 !

Lindley describes the lip as villose inside, and this character is repeated in the
Botanical Magazine, yet the plate itself shows that this is erroneous, as I also find in
examining several flowers from Barter’s specimens. This plate was prepared from

plants sent to Kew by Mr. Gustav Mann from the same locality, but no dried
specimen appears to have been preserved.

9. B. calyptratum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 24. Pseudobulbs
distant, narrowly oval, 2-leaved. Leaves linear, obtuse, bilobed.
Racemes very long, slender, distantly many-flowered ; base with several
ochreate, retuse, apiculate sheaths. Bracts minute, reflexed. Dorsal
sepal united with the lateral sepals to the middle, its free apex oblong,

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 27

obtuse, calyptrate, nearly cartilaginous ; lateral ones broadly ovate,
falcate, deflexed, acuminate. Petals minute, triangular. Lip much
curved, triangular ; disc sulcate ; apex bilobed. Column short, toothed
on each side behind the androclinium, but not winged.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Victoria, Preuss, 1215.

Only known to me from the original description, but remarkable for its long
inflorescence.

10. B. filiforme, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 25. Pseudobulbs
ovate, 2-leaved. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse. Rhachis of raceme very
slender, about 2 ft. long, pendulous, lax, many-flowered; base with
some ovate, acute sheaths. Bracts minute, ovate, reflexed, and as well
as the rhachis and outside of the flowers sparsely covered with black
hairs. Flowers minute, about 1} lin. in diameter. Dorsal sepal
narrowly ovate, triangular, acuminate; lateral ones much broader,
ovate, obtuse. Petals linear, acute, equalling the sepals. Lip curved,
triangular, sulcate from the middle to the apex. Column winged from
the base to near the apex.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: between Victoria and Bimbia, Preuss, 1242.

Only known to me from the original description, but very remarkable in the
inflorescence.

11. B. tenuicaule, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 126. Pseudo-
bulbs 1-14 in. apart on a stoutish creeping rhizome, elongate-linear,
attenuate above, 14-14 in. long, 2-leaved. -Leaves oblong-linear,
obtuse, attenuate at the base, 17 in. long, 24-3 lin. broad. Scapes
slender, suberect, 4 in. long; racemes 1} in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts distichous, spreading, ovate, subacute, 14 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal triangular-ovate, subacuminate, base concave, 2 lin. long ; lateral
ones triangular-lanceolate, acuminate. Petals linear, acute, ł lin. long.
Lip recurved, oblong, obtuse, not fleshy, ciliate, } lin. long. Column
stout, 4 lin. long ; teeth subulate, acute, + lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, on trees, 5000 ft., Mann, 648 !

12. B. bifarium, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 219. Pseudobulbs
1-1} in. apart on a creeping rhizome, ovoid-oblong, 4-winged, #-1} in.
long, 2-leaved. Leaves narrowly oblong, obtuse, 2-24 in. long, 4-5
lin. broad. Scapes suberect, 5-6 in. high; spikes 3-3} in. long. Bracts
distichous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, 4-5 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal elliptical-oblong, acute, concave, membranous, 2} lin. long;
lateral ones oblong-lanceolate, nearly flat, otherwise similar. Petals
quadrate-orbicular, truncate, 2 lin. long. Lip oblong, obtuse, fleshy,
recurved, glabrous, 1 lin. long; side lobes erect, rounded, and nearly
auriculate. Column stout, 1 lin. long; teeth stout, acute, } lin. long. —
Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 10.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 5000 ft., Mann, 2121!

Lower Guinea. Angola (ex Durand A Schinz).

13. B. gravidum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, 126. Pseudo-

28. CXXXII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Bulbophyllum.

bulbs 1-4 in. apart on a slender creeping rhizome, narrowly ovate-
oblong, 1-1ł in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse or
emarginate, 3-44 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad. Scapes erect, 43-8 in.
high; spike $-11 in. long. Bracts distichous, ovate-oblong, subacute,
carinate, concave, imbricate, 4 lin. long. Dorsal sepal triangular-
lanceolate, subacute, glabrous, somewhat fleshy, 3 lin. long ; lateral
ones similar, but slightly narrower. Petals lanceolate-linear, acute,
straight, glabrous, 1 lin, long. Lip reflexed from the base, spathulate-
ligulate, obtuse, flat, 24 lin. long; margin densely ciliate ; base narrow
and scarcely auriculate. Column 4 lin. long; teeth subulate, acute, $
lin. long.—B. monticolum, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 219;
Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 13.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 3000 ft., on trees, Mann, 650!

Lower Guinea. Angola (ex Durand & Schinz).

I cannot find a single character to separate B. monticolum, Hook. f.

14. B. cochleatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 125. Pseudo-
bulbs 4 in. apart on a creeping rhizome, elongate-linear, terete, 2-3 in.
long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse, subsessile, 3-5 in. long,
3-9 lin. broad, Scape suberect, about 6 in. high ; spike dense, 24 in.
long. Bracts distichous, broadly ovate, subacute, concave, imbricate,
3-34 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, subobtuse, glabrous,
somewhat fleshy, reflexed above the middle, 2 lin. long; lateral ones
similar but narrower. Petals triangular, subobtuse, fleshy, inflexed
above the middle, 2 lin. long. Lip lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate,
flat, 14 lin. long; base rounded and somewhat auriculate ; disc with a
oe central keel. Column } lin. long; teeth subulate, acute, $ lin.
ong.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 4000 ft., on trees, Mann, 643!

15. B. Mannii, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 218. Pseudobulbs
1-2} in. apart on a stout rhizome, elongate, subterete, gradually
narrowed upwards, 3-34 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear,
subobtuse, 44—7 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad. Scape erect, 14-21 ft. high ;
spike dense, 34-4 in. long. Bracts distichous, ovate or ovate-oblong,
acute, carinate, concave, imbricate,4—5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal triangular-
lanceolate, attenuate upwards and acute, glabrous, somewhat fleshy,
24-3 lin. long; lateral ones similar, but narrower. Petals subulate-
linear, acute, erect, subfaleate, glabrous, 1 lin. long. Lip spathulate-
ligulate, obtuse, strongly ciliate, flat, 2 lin. long; base not auriculate ;
dise with a narrow central keel. Column 4 lin, long; teeth subulate,
acute, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 4000-5000 ft., Mann, 1837! 2111!

16. B. lupulinum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 126. Pseudo-
bulbs 3 in. or more apart on a stout rhizome, oblong, compressed-
triquetrous, angles acute, 2—3 in. long, 8—14 lin. broad, 2-leaved.
Leaves oblong, obtuse, 6-8 in. long, 1-1} in. broad. Scapes suberect,
}-1 ft. high, with broad loose sheaths below ; spikes compressed, 5—6

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 29

lin. long. Bracts distichous, ovate, subacute, carinate, conduplicate,
much imbricate, 6—9 lin. long. Flowers dark purple. Dorsal sepal
ovate-triangular, acute, somewhat incurved, concave, glabrous, fleshy,
2 lin. long, somewhat scaberulous; lateral ones somewhat falcate and
flatter, otherwise similar. Petals falcate-linear, acute, 14 lin. long,
glabrous. Lip orbicular with very fleshy centre, and recurved, obtuse
apex ` margins submembranous, suberect, and closely serrulate; disc
slightly channelled. Column 2 lin. long, very stout; teeth minute.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Ninia, on trees, Scott-Elliot, 4915! Cameroons:
Ambas Bay, on trees, Mann, 783!

17. B. Elaidum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 127. Pseudo-
bulbs 3-5 lin. apart on a slender creeping rhizome, subglobose, 1-14 lin.
long, 1-2-leaved. Leaves spathulate-oblanceolate, subobtuse, 5-7 lin.
long, 1-2 lin. broad. Scapes slender, #-1 in. long, one-flowered.
Bracts two beneath each flower, the lower one cucullate-ovate, acumi-
nate, 14 lin. long, the other linear and acute. Flowers greenish-white.
Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long; lateral ones ovate-
triangular at the base, caudate-acuminate above. Petals linear-lanceo-
late, acuminate, 14 lin. long. Lip subhastate-ovate, subacute, glabrous,
submembranous, 1} lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long ; teeth minute,
subacute.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Brass River, on oil-palms, Barter, 73! 1841!

18. B. intertextum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 127. Pseudo-
bulbs 4-6 lin. apart on a slender creeping rhizome, ovoid-globose, 2-24
lin. long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, obtuse, subsessile,
4-7 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad. Scapes slender, suberect or ascending,
13-2 in. long; racemes short, lax, few-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceo-
late, acute, 2 lin. long. Flowers green. Sepals subequal, 1} lin. long;
base triangular-ovate ; apex caudate-acuminate. Petals oblong, sub-
acute, membranous, 4 lin. long. Lip ovate-oblong, obtuse, fleshy,
glabrous, 4 lin. long. Column very short ; teeth minute, acute.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of the Nun River, Mann, 527!

19. B. Quintasii, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 138. Pseudobulbs
approximate, ovoid-globose, 24-3 lin. long, 1-leaved. Leaves elliptical,
obtuse, 4-9 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad. Scapes slender, suberect, 24-3 in.
long; racemes short, lax, few-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,
1 lin. long, Sepals subequal, 14 lin. long ; base lanceolate ; apex caudate-
acuminate. Petals oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long. Lip linear, obtuse,
glabrous, 4 lin. long. Column very short ; teeth minute, acute.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Quintas, 10!

20. B. viride, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 170. Pseudobulbs
subapproximate, ovoid, 2-4 lin. long, 1-leaved. Leaves subsessile,
linear-oblong, subobtuse, $-1 in. long, 14-3 lin. bread. Scapes suberect,
slender, 2-34 in. long ; racemes short, lax, few-flowered. Bracts ovate-
oblong, shortly acuminate, 1 lin. long. Sepals subequal, ovate-lanceolate,

30 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). | Bulbophyllum.

acuminate, 2-21 lin. long. Petals elliptical, minutely apiculate, mem-
branous, 1 lin. long. Lip recurved, somewhat fleshy, oblong, subobtuse,
ciliate, 14 lin. Jong; base canaliculate. Column stout, very short ;
teeth subulate, incurved.

Upper Guinea, without locality. Flowered in the collection of Philip Crowley,
Esq., at Croydon, in 1893.

A plant collected at Sugarloaf Mountains, Sierra Leone, by Barter, without
flowers, is probably identical.

21. B. coriscense, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 118, Pseudo-
bulbs 2-3 lin. apart on a creeping rhizome, ovoid-tetragonous, 24-4 lin.
long, 1-leaved. Leaves subsessile, elliptical, obtuse, 6-9 in. long.
Scapes erect, 1-2 in. long ; racemes }—} in. long, few-flowered. Bracts
ovate, acute, 1-1} lin. long. Sepals subequal, triangular-lanceolate,
3 lin. long; apex caudate-acuminate. Petals oblong, obtuse, mem-
branous, 1 lin. long. Lip recurved, somewhat fleshy, oblong, subacute ;
base somewhat broader and extended into narrow erect side lobes, 1 lin.
long. Column very stout, ł lin. long ; teeth short, acute.

Lower Guinea, Gaboon: Corisco Bay, Mann, 1883!

22. B. flavidum, Lindl. in Boi. Reg. 1840, Misc. 83. Pseudobulbs
3—1 in. apart on a stout creeping rhizome, ovoid-oblong, 2-1 in. long,
l-leaved. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, 24-5 in. long, 4—1 in.
broad ; base contracted into a short petiole. Scapes suberect, arching,
3-5 in. long, rather lax. Bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute, 14—2 lin. long.
Flowers greenish-yellow. Sepals subequal, triangular-lanceolate, acu-
minate, 23-3 in. long. Petals oblong, subacute or obtuse, glabrous,
membranous, }—1 lin. long. Lip recurved, linear-oblong, subobtuse, rather
fleshy, ł lin. long, with a thin or narrowly-winged margin, Column
stout, 4 lin. long; teeth falcate-subulate, 4 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in
EE vi. 257. Bulbophyllum Drallei, Reichb. f. in Gartenflora,

, 20.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone. First described from specimens which flowered
with Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, in 1840.

Var. purpureum, Rolfe. Sepals purple, except at the base, otherwise quite typical.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot! Flowered at Kew in 1892.

It is rather singular that this species is only known from garden specimens, which

appear to have been sent home on several different occasions. B. Drallei, Reichb. f.,
is identical.

23. B. aurantiacum, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 219.
Pseudobulbs 3-1 in. apart on a stout creeping rhizome, ovoid or ovoid-
oblong, A-Z in, long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse or sub-
obtuse, 6-7 in. long, 5-8 lin. broad, narrowed below into a rather long
petiole. Scapes suberect, arching, 7—9 in. long; racemes 4—5 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2-24 in. long. Sepals
subequal, triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, 4—5 lin. long.
Petals oblong, subacute, glabrous, 14 lin. long. Lip recurved, linear-
oblong, subobtuse, glabrous, 1} lin. long; disc bicarinate, canaliculate.
Column stout, 2 lin. long ; teeth subulate, acute, + lin. long.—Kränzl, in

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 31

Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Afr. ii. (1889) 154; Durand & Schinz,
Conspect. Fl. Afr. 10.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: mountains at 5000-6000 ft., Mann, 2124!
Malimba, Braun, 62 (ex Kränzlin).

24. B.cocoinum, Batem. ex Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1964. Pseudo-
bulbs approximate on a stout rhizome, ovoid-tetragonous, 1-14 in. long,
l-leaved. Leaves lanceolate, acute, 5-6 in. long, 9-10 lin. broad.
Scapes suberect, arching, 9-10 in. long; racemes 6-7 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute, 14-2 lin. long. Sepals
subequal, caudate-acuminate from a somewhat broader base, 5 lin. long.
Petals lanceolate, subacute, glabrous, 1-1} lin. long. Lip recurved,
oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, ciliate, 1} lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin.
long, teeth subulate, acute, } lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
vi. 255; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 11.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimens! Cameroons (ex Durand
d Schinz). Originally flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, in 1835.

25. B. andongense, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 184. Pseudobulbs
approximate on a stout rhizome, oblong, 4-angled, 14-14 in. long,
l-leaved. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acute, 3—5 in. long, 10-15 lin.
broad. Scapes suberect, 10-11 in. long, racemes 7-8 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute, 2 lin. long. Flowers pink.
Sepals subequal, caudate-acuminate from a broader base, 34 lin. long.
Petals linear-oblong, subacute, glabrous, 1 lin. long. Lip recurved,
oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, ciliate, 1 lin. long. Column stout, } lin.
long; teeth falcate-linear, acute, 4 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: near Pungo Adongo, on perpendicular rocks, Welwitsch,
689!

26. B. recurvum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 53. Pseudobulbs }-} in,
apart on a creeping rhizome, ovoid-oblong, subcompressed, 6—9 lin.
long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, somewhat attenuate at the base,
23-5 in. long, 6-10 lin. broad. Scapes slender, usually deflexed or
horizontal, arcuate, 3-7 in. long; racemes 14-4 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, 14 lin. long. Sepals
subequal, somewhat fleshy, triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long.
Petals oblong, obtuse, membranous, } lin. long. Lip recurved, oblong,
glabrous, very fleshy along the middle, ł lin. long; teeth falcate-
subulate, 4 lin. long.—Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 53. Tribrachia
pendula, Lindl. Coll. Bot. sub t. 41; Bot. Reg. t. 963.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don! Barter! Summit of Sugarloaf Moun-
tain, on old trunks and boulders, Scott-Elliot, 5778 ! Lagos, Moloney !

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Henriques, 29!

27. B. nigripetalum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1891, 197. Pseudo-
bulbs approximate, broadly depressed ovoid, 6 lin. long, 8 lin. broad,
l-leaved. Leaves lanceolate-linear, obtuse, 3 in. long, 5 lin. broad.
Scape suberect, slender, 6—10 in. long; racemes 3-5 in. long. Flowers
mostly secund. Bracts lanceolate, acute, carinate, 2 lin. long. Dorsal

32 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Bulbophyllum.

sepal oblong, obtuse, slightly ciliate, 2} lin. long: lateral ones a little
broader, mucronulate. Petals obovate-oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate,
1 lin. Jong. Lip very fleshy, narrowly oblong, obtuse, ciliate and
shortly pubescent, 2 lin. long, channelled at the base. Column 4 lin.
long; teeth broad, subacute, very short.

Upper Guinea, without locality. Imported by Messrs. F. Sander & Co.

28. B. pavimentatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 128.
Pseudobulbs approximate, ovoid, subcompressed, 5-7 lin. long, 1-leaved.
Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, obtuse, subsessile, 24-4 in. long,
2-1 in. broad. Scapes slender, mostly deflexed or horizontal, 4-6 in.
long ; racemes 14-2 in. long, dense. Bracts elliptical-oblong, obtuse,
14-14 lin. long. Flowers red-purple. Sepals fleshy, subequal, oblong,
obtuse, 14-14 lin. long. Petals oblong, obtuse, $ lin. long. Lip re-
curved, fleshy, oblong, obtuse, scaberulous, } lin. long; margin minutely
serrulate-denticulate. Column stout, } lin. long; teeth falcate-subu-
late, + lin. long. — Bot. Mag. t. 5329; Krinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 155; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 13.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of the Nun River, Mann, 519! Came-
roons, Braun, 66 (ex Kränzlin).

A plant from Lagos which flowered at Kew in 1891 may be a form of this species.

29. B. tetragonum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 58. Pseudobulbs
ovate, acutely 4-angled, 1-leaved. Rhachis 4-angled, flexuous, pubescent
with black hairs. Bracts oblong, acute, cymbiform, somewhat pube-
scent on the back, as long as the capsule. Flowers small, straight.
Sepals equal, ovate, acute, connivent. Petals subulate, erect, a little
longer than the column. Lip ovate or ovate-oblong, fleshy; margin
membranous and serrate. Column very short and roundish; teeth
very minute.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone. Flowered in the collection of the Horticultural
Society before 1830.

Only known to me from the description and a sketch in Lindley’s Herbarium. The
author speaks of it as a curious little plant formerly cultivated in the collection of the
Horticultural Society, but now lost, adding: “It is frequently sent from Sierra Leone
mixed with other epiphytes, and is, I should think, very common in that colony.”

30. B. Pipio, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 92. Plant an inch high.
Pseudobulbs conical, short, 1-leaved. Leaves lanceolate. Peduncle
with many sheaths at the base, racemose above. Bracts spathaceous,
aristate, l-nerved, slightly longer than the sulphur-white flowers.
Sepals triangular, cuspidate. Petals lanceolate, not half as long as the
sepals. Lip unguiculate, ligulate, slightly crenulate at the sides, with
an obtuse auricle at either side of the base ; disc at this point thickened
and sulcate. Column with two setose teeth.—Krinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 155.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.

Only known to me from the description, but evidently allied to the preceding. It
flowered in the Hamburg Botanic Garden about 1877.

31. B. comatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 128. Pseudo-

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 33

bulbs 1-14 in. apart on a creeping rhizome, ovoid-tetragonous, ł-14 in.
long, l-leaved. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, 5—10 in.
long. Scapes suberect or horizontal, 3-5 in. long. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, glabrous, 4—6 lin. long. Sepals subequal, triangular-lanceo-
late, caudate-acuminate, strongly carinate, 4-44 lin. long; keels of
lateral sepals pilose-ciliate. Petals spathulate-oblanceolate, subacute,
14 lin. long; margins minutely ciliate. Lip recurved, oblong, obtuse,
minutely scaberulous-papillose, 1-1} lin. long. Column stout, $ lin.
long; teeth 4, oblong subobtuse, very short.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 2000 ft., on trees, Mann, 642!

Very remarkable in the villose sepals.

32. B. inflatum, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1891, ix. 234. Pseudo-
bulbs approximate on a creeping rhizome, strongly 4-angled, 1 in. long
by nearly as broad, 1-leaved. Leaves sessile, lanceolate-oblong, acumi-
nate, suddenly contracted at the base, 3-4 in. long, 1—14 in. broad.
Scapes pendulous, 2 in. long; racemes 1-1} in. long; rhachis swollen
into an ellipsoidal fleshy body, about 4 in. broad, many-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, 5—6 lin. long. Sepals triangular-lanceo-
late, acuminate, strongly carinate, 4—44 lin. long; keels ciliate, the
lateral ones very strongly so. Petals spathulate, obtuse, glabrous,
1? lin. long. Lip recurved, linear-oblong, obtuse, scaberulous-papillose,
1} lin. long. Column stout, 3 lin. long; teeth faleate-oblong, acute,
} lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone. Flowered at Kew in 1887!

Allied to the preceding, and remarkable for the much thickened rhachis.

33, B. calamarium, /indl. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. 70. Pseudo-
bulbs about 3—1 in. apart on a stout creeping rhizome, 4-angled, broadly
oblong, 14 in. long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, 6-74 in. long,
coriaceous. Scapes erect, stout, 14-1} ft. long; racemes 4-6 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts not distichous, numerous and imbricate,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 6-10 lin. long. Sepals somewhat fleshy,
narrowly triangular-lanceolate, subacute, 5-54 lin. long, yellow. Petals
falcate-linear, acute, glabrous, 1? lin. long. Lip ligulate, obtuse,
4-4} lin. long; margins pilose with long purple hairs; side-lobes
obtusely rounded, somewhat ciliate. Column stout, 1 lin. long; teeth
faleate-linear, acute, } lin. long.—Bot. Mag. 4088 (Calamaria by error) ;
Hook. Cent. Orch. 17, t. 4; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vi. 125 ;
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 252.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Fielding! Niger Territory: Ibo; Nsube,
Barter, 1482! Cameroons: Bipinde, Zenkes, 832!

34. B. rupincola, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 184. | Pseudobulbs
1-1} in. apart on a stout creeping rhizome, ovoid-tetragonous, 14-1} in.
long, l-leaved. Leaf elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 4-5 in. long, 1} in.
broad, attenuate at the base into a short broad petiole. Scape suberect,
rather stout, 1} ft. long; raceme 34 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
not distichous, numerous and imbricate, oblong, subacute, 5 lin, long.
Sepals fleshy, subequal, base ovate-oblong, triangular lanceolate above

VOL. VII. D

34 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Bulbophyllum.

the middle, subacute, 5 lin. long. Petals falcate-linear, acute, glabrous,
14 lin. long. Lip ligulate, subobtuse, densely pilose with purple
hairs 4 lin. long; side lobes obtusely rounded, slightly ciliate. Column
stout, 1 lin. long; teeth falcate-linear, obtuse, 4 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo, on rocks, Welwitsch, 697 !

Closely allied to the preceding.

35. B. porphyroglossum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 24.
Plant about 4} in. high. Rhizome creeping, ascending. Pseudobulbs
aggregated, ovoid-tetragonal, 1-leaved. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute,
twice as long as the racemes. Scape with two or three long sheaths ;
raceme secund. Bracts ovate, acute, equalling the ovary. Flowers
about 24 lin. in diameter, yellow with a purple lip. Sepals narrowly
ovate, acuminate: lateral ones united only at the base. Petals cuneate-
obovate, obtuse. Lip curved, ligulate from a caudate base, obtuse,
densely pilose ; dise with a polished channel in the middle. Column
with subulate elongate teeth.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Victoria, Preuss, 1279.

Only known to me from the original description. It is compared with the Indian
B. reptans, Lindl.

36. B. distans, Lindl. in Journ. Linn, Soc. vi. 125. Pseudobulbs
5-6 lin. apart on a creeping rhizome, ovoid, 4-angled, 5—6 lin. long,
2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 5—6 lin. long, 8-9 lin. broad.
Scape suberect, 4 in. high; spike 1} in. long, few-flowered. Bracts
distichous, ovate-oblong, acute, not imbricate, 3-4 lin. long. Sepals
long acuminate from an ovate base, 6 lin. long. Petals setaceous,
falcate with recurved apex, 2 lin. long. Lip linear from a broader base,
6 lin. long, covered with long setaceous purple hairs. Column very
stout, } lin. long; teeth falcate-subulate, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of the Nun River, Mann, 525!

37. B. saltatorium, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1970. Pseudobulbs
1-1} in. apart on a stoutish creeping rhizome, ovoid, subtetragonous,
1-1} in. long, 1-leaved. Scapes suberect or horizontal, 24—34 in. long ;
raceme 1} in. long, many-flowered. Bracts not distichous, lanceolate-
oblong, subacute, 23-3 lin. long. Sepals subequal, triangular-lanceolate,
subacute, 3-3} lin. long. Petals subulate-acicular, 14 lin. long. Lip
linear, base broader and nearly glabrous, densely pilose above the
middle with long purple hairs, the whole 43-5 lin. long. Column stout,
+ lin. long; teeth incurved, scarcely equalling the column.— Rolfe in
Gard. Chron. 1889, vi. 324.

BO aioe Guinea. Sierra Leone, Flowered in Messrs, Loddiges’ Nursery in

A barren specimen from the Gold Coast, Burton and Cameron, apparently belongs
here.

38. B. barbigerum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1942. Pseudobulbs
ł-1 in. apart on a stout creeping rhizome, suborbicular or elliptical-

Bulbophyllum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 35

oblong, subcompressed, 2 1 in. long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse,
2-3 in. long, ł-1 in. broad. Scapes suberect or deflexed, arcuate,
4-8 in, long; raceme 3—4 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts distichous,
spreading, lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, 3-4} lin. long. Sepals spread-
ing, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, acute, 5—6 lin. long. Petals minute,
subulate, } lin. long. Lip linear, base villose, upper half pilose with
purple hairs 9-10 lin. long, some of which are clavate. Column
‘stout, + lin. long; teeth incurved, falcate-linear, } lin. long.— Bot. Mag.
t. 5288; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 252.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimen, Loddiges! Lagos,
Moloney! Delta of the Niger, Dalton!

39. B. Nummularia, Rolfe. Rhizome creeping, pseudobulbs
remote, orbicular, flattened from the top, ł in. thick, l-leaved. Leaves
oblong, acute at each end, 1 in. long, } in. broad. Scape about } in.
long, with some basal sheaths; racemes 6—8-flowered ; rhachis not or
‘scarcely thickened, zigzag. Flowers one-sided, dark purple, with green
lip. Bracts very broad, somewhat sheathing the flowers. Dorsal
‘sepal oblong, subacute; margin pilose; lateral ones smaller, with
fimbriate margin. Petals very minute, nearly orbicular; margin deeply
fimbriate. Lip ligulate from a broader, pilose-margined base, obtuse.
Column very short, with two minute teeth.—WVegaclinium Nummularia,
Wendl. & Krinzl. in Gard. Chron. 1894, xv. 685.

Upper Guinea. South Cameroons, Braun.

Only known to me from the original description, which, however, shows that the
essential character of Megaclinium is wanting. Its exact affinity is a little doubtful.

40. B. Gabonis, Lind. d Reich. f. in Flora, 1865, 185. Pseudo-
bulbs oval, attenuate above. Leaves ligulate, acute, not contracted
into a petiole. Scape medium-sized, distantly sheathed, racemose
above. Bracts ligulate, acute, exceeding the ovary. Sepals triangular-
aristate. Petals spathulate, apiculate, crenulate, not half as long
asthe sepals. Lip 3-lobed; side lobes semiovate, serrulate; front one
oblong-ligulate, obtuse, serrulate, with four elevated lines along the
‘disc, and some papille on the front lobe. Column-teeth ligulate,
‘obtuse.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon (presumably).

Only known to me from the original description, which neither mentions the
affinity, native country, nor collector. The habitat is assumed from the specific name.
This and the following species are remarkable for the three-lobed lip.

41. B. Herminiostachys, Peichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 254. Leaf
oblong, acute. Sepals somewhat fleshy, lanceolate, acuminate, the
lateral ones curved and united at the extreme base. Petals much shorter,
ligulate; apex triangular; base with obtuse angles. Lip unguiculate,
3-lobed ; side lobes triangular, erect, rounded behind, gradually passing
in front into the ligulate, microscopically denticulate front lobe, which
has a revolute margin ; disc with a pair of fleshy keelx, and three to
five calli at the extreme base. Column very short, teeth elongate, terete-

36 CXXXIII. ORCHIDES (ROLFE). [Bulbophyllum.

subulate, longer than the column, slightly denticulate in front, and de-
current.— Taurostalix Herminiostachys, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, 933.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone (ex Reichenbach !).

Only known to me from the original description. Flowers as large as those of
Herminium Monorchis, R, Br.

There are barren specimens of two species of Bulbophyllum from Nyasaland,.
Whyte ! which are the only ones known from the eastern side of the continent.

6. MEGACLINIUM, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 505.

Dorsal sepal free, erect or spreading, longer than the triangular-ovate:
acuminate lateral ones, which are either falcate or reflexed about the
middle, base of laterals adnate to the foot of the column. Petals smaller
and narrower than the sepals. Lip articulated to the foot of the
column, mobile, inflexed at the base, recurved above, entire or
denticulate at the base, rarely somewhat 3-lobed. Column short,
broadly dilated and winged on both sides, terminating above in
square or rounded teeth; base produced into a short foot. Anther as
îm Bulbophyllum.—Epiphytic herbs, with stout creeping rhizomes ;
pseudobulbs sessile in the axil of a sheath, mostly 3—-5-angled, 2- or 1-
leaved. Scapes arising from the base of the pseudobulbs, simple ; apex
dilated into a flattened, often ensiform and almost foliaceous SE
along either side of which the flowers and bracts are distichously
arranged. Bracts usually ovate or triangular, ultimately much
deflexed. Flowers small, pedicelled, curved.

A genus of about 23 species, mostly Tropical African, but with two in Extra- tropical
South Africa and one reported from Madagascar, of which the habitat requires
confirmation.

Rhachis thick and fleshy, with rounded or obtuse margins.

Bracts broadly ovate, obtuse.

Petals falcate-linear.
Flowers yellow ; dorsal sepal but a very little longer

than the linear petals . S 1. M. leucorhachis.
Flowers purple; dorsal sepal quite a third longer
than the filiform petals : 2. M. imbricatum.
Petals falcate-lanceolate S M, triste.

pe

Bracts broadly ligulate, acute e S
Rhachis with thin, more or less wing-like margins.
Lip fimbriate or denticulate at the base.
Petals falcate-linear,
Sepals recurved or reflexed above the middle
Sepals not recurved above the middle .
Petals falcate-lanceolate
Lip entire at the base.
Rhachis 1-5 in. long; flowers 14—4 lin. apart.
Pseudobulbs obscurely or distinctly 3-angled.
Scape 4 in. or more high.
Sepals velvety : : d . 8. M. velutinum.
Sepals smooth ` : : : : . 9. M. colubrinum.
Scape about 2 in. high . : . 10. M. minutum.
Pseudobulbs obscurely or distinctly 4 angled.

. M. strobiliferum.

M. maximum.
M. oxypterum.
M. imschootianuin.-

ee y

®

Megaclinium. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDE& (ROLFE). 37

Flowers arranged along the centre of the
rhachis or nearly so.
Rhachis 15-2 in. long, 23-3 lin, broad . 11. M. Millenii.

Rhachis 2—4 in. long, 3—5 lin. broad.
Pseudobulbs obscurely 4-angled; dorsal

sepal subspathulate-oblong : . 12. M. falcatum.
Pseudobulbs strongly 4-angled; dorsal
sepal subulate-linear S < 13. M. Clarkei.

Flowers much nearer one margin of the
rhachis than the other,
Petals linear or filiform acute.
Petals falcate-linear; scape about 2 in.
high : . : : : . 14. M. melanorrhachis.
Petals filiform ; scape about 4 in. high . 15. M. pusillum.
Petals with spathulate apex . : . 16. M. tentaculigerum.
Pseudobulbs strongly 5-angled . ; : . 17. M. Melleri.
Rhachis 8-10 in. long; flowers 6 lin. or more apart.
Dorsal sepal lanceolate ; : ; . 18. M. Bufo.
Dorsal sepal spathulate . S : . 19. M. Lindleyi.
DOUBTFUL SPECIES.

Rhachis 6 in. long, 1 in. broad, margin crenulate; flowers
2 lin. apart . è : i S 2 . 20. M. platyrachis.

1. M. leucorhachis, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1891,198. Rhizome
stout, creeping. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, acutely 4-angled, 2} in.
long, 1} in. broad, 1-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 6-7 in.
long, 1 in. broad. Scape erect, 6-7 in. long; rhachis falcate-ensiform,
rather thick, obscurely crenulate, 3 in. long, 4 lin. broad, white. Bracts
reflexed, ovate, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Flowers 14-2 lin. apart, yellow,
velvety. Dorsal sepal subulate-linear, acute, 34 lin. long; lateral
‘ones falcate-ovate, subacute, 2 lin. long. Petals falcate-linear, acute,
24 lin, long. Lip recurved ; base broad, fimbriate ; apex linear-oblong,
obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column 1 lin. long, winged ; teeth short, acute.
Capsule oblong, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Moloney ! Millen, 189!

Originally described from a cultivated specimen received from Sir Trevor
Lawrence,

2. M. imbricatum, Rolfe. Scapes nearly a foot long, with several
tubular, nearly truncate sheaths; rhachis linear, flattened, rather
fleshy, 24-3 in. long, with obtuse margins. Bracts ovate or triangular-
ovate, obtuse, ultimately reflexed, imbricate, 2}-3 lin. long. Flowers
‘approximate, deep purple, somewhat pubescent outside. Dorsal sepal
lanceolate-linear, subobtuse ; lateral ones ovate-oblong, much shorter
than the dorsal one; apex shortly acuminate and falcate. Petals
filiform, incurved, hirsute, a little exceeding the lateral sepals. Lip
recurved, ovate, acute, pectinate at the base. Column stout, teeth
“apparently obtuse.—Bulbophyllum imbricatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841,
Mise. 37; Beicht, f. in Walp. Ann, vi. 249.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges, cultivated specimen !

A scape and sketch of the flower are preserved in Lindley’s Herbarium, which

38 CXXXII.. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Megaclinium..

show the species to be very distinct. No flowers are preserved, and the plant does.
not appear to have been again met with. It flowered in Messrs, Loddiges’ Nursery
in 1841.

3. M. triste, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 362. Pseudobulbs.
trigonous, obtusely angled, 14-2 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-.
oblong, obtuse, 3—5 in. long, 3—1 in. broad, Scape elongate, with about
eleven sheaths near the base, 1} ft. long ; rhachis somewhat compressed,
thick and fleshy, obtusely angled, obscurely crenulate, scaberulous,
3-4 in. long, 5 lin. broad, 3 lin. thick. Bracts about 14 lin. apart,
spreading, broadly ovate, obtuse, concave, 4 lin. long by about as broad
at the base. Flowers velvety, green speckled with black. Dorsal
sepal linear-subulate, acute, recurved, 5 lin. long; lateral ones falcate-
ovate, subobtuse, 3 lin. broad. Petals subulate, falcately recurved,.
4lin.long. Lip with broad pectinate base, and narrow, obtuse, entire and
recurved apex, 1 lin. long. Column short, margined, with short teeth.

Habitat not precisely known, but believed to be some part of West Tropical.
Africa. It flowered at Kew in 1894.

4. M. strobiliferum, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs triangular, compressed,
14 in. long, 1 in. broad, two sides flat, the third narrower and
channelled, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 6 in. long,
14 lin. broad. Peduncle stout, a foot or more long, with seven or eight
appressed obtuse sheaths, thickened and fusiform above. Bracts
densely imbricate, broadly ligulate, acute, spreading at right angles.
Flowers distichous, cartilaginous, 4} lin. long. Dorsal sepal straight,
narrowly triangular, long acuminate, smooth outside, sparsely puberulous
inside; lateral ones broadly ovate, suddenly ovate from the rounded
base, acuminate and deflexed, puberulous below. Petals linear, puberu-
lous, nearly equalling the sepals. Lip curved, narrowly. triangular,
acute, fimbriate at the base. Column very broadly winged, cucullate.—
Bulbophyllum strobiliferum, Kriinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii..
(1889) 155 ; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 14.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be an ally of Bulbo-
Phyllum imbricatum, Lindl., i.e., Megaclinium imbricatum, Rolfe.

5. M. maximum, Lindl. Gen. d Sp. Orch. 47 (not elsewhere)-
Rhizome very stout and woody. Pseudobulbs distant, tetragonous-
oblong, 2-2} in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, coriaceous,
4—5 in, long, 1-1} in. broad. Scapes 1-1} in. long, with several
tubular sheaths; rhachis ensiform, flattened, coriaceous, crenulate-
undulate, 4-5 in. long, 6-7 lin. broad, purple. Bracts ultimately
deflexed, 14-2 lin. long; margins recurved. Flowers 14-2 lin. apart.
Pedicels very short. Flowers purple. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, concave, 2} lin. long ; lateral ones triangular-ovate, 2 lin. long,
falcate at the apex, acuminate ; all the sepals recurved or reflexed above
the middle. Petals faleate-linear, acuminate, 1} lin. long. Lip oblong,
obtuse, from a broader denticulate base, 1} lin. long. Column } lin.

Megaclinium.]| CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 39

long, broadly winged ; apex with two minute teeth.—Ridl. in Journ.
Bot. 1886, 292. M. purpuratum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 128 ;
Bot. Mag. t. 5936.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Smeathman ! Afzelius! Niger Delta: Brass
River, Barter, 1854!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, at Angolares, Quintas, 9!

Lindley unfortunately transferred the name M, maximum to another species (see
note under M. Lindleyi, Rolfe) and afterwards redescribed the present one as
M. purpuratum. Barter records the flowers and whole spikes as purple, but in the
Botanical Magazine figure both are light green with purple markings.

6. M. oxypterum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 14. Rhizome
stout. Pseudobulbs distant, oblong, acutely 4—5-angled, 14-2 in. long,
2-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, 3—4 in. long, 8-16 lin.
broad. Scapes }-1 ft. long, with several tubular-spathaceous sheaths ;
rhachis ensitorm or linear-oblong, narrowed above, somewhat thickened
and coriaceous, 34—44 in. long, 5-7 lin. broad. Bracts triangular-ovate,
acute, ultimately reflexed and the margins recurved, 2 lin. long.
Flowers 2-3 lin. apart, yellow. Pedicels short. Dorsal sepal ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, concave, 24 lin. long; lateral ones broadly
ovate, acuminate, concave, 2 lin. long; all nearly straight. Petals
falcate-linear, acute, 14-14 lin. long. Lip linear oblong, subobtuse, from
a broader denticulate base, 1 lin. long. Column 4 lin. long, broadly
winged ` teeth short, obtuse.—Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 128.
Bulbophyllum oxypterum, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 258.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges, cultivated specimen !

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 2026!

Closely allied to the preceding, which it much resembles.

7. M. imschootianum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 8. Pseudo-
bulbs acutely triangular, oblong, 13 in. long, 8 lin. broad, 1-leaved.
Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 6 in. long, 1} in. broad. Scape 10 in.
long, with several sheaths towards the base; rhachis linear-oblong,
acute, thin, 5-6 in. long, 7-8 lin. broad; margin obscurely crenulate.
Bracts ovate-oblong, acute, 24-3 lin. long, at length reflexed, their
margins very soon recurved. Flowers 3—4 lin. apart. Pedicels 14-2 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal lanceolate-oblong, very acuminate, 5 lin. long;
lateral ones ovate, very acuminate, 4 lin. long, 24 lin. broad ; apex
reflexed. Petals falcate-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, 1} lin. long.
Lip recurved, fleshy, linear-oblong, obtuse, minutely serrulate below the
middle, 2 lin. long. Column short, very broadly winged, with two
minute teeth near the apex.

_ Habitat unknown, but probably some part of West Tropical Africa. It flowered
in the collection of M. A. Van Imschoot in 1895.

8. M. velutinum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1847, sub t. 32. Pseudo-
bulbs ovate, triangular. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, emarginate. Scape
5 in. long, with several tubular basal sheaths; rhachis linear-oblong,
subacute, obscurely crenulate, thin, minutely scaberulous, 34 in. long,

40 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Megaclinium.

6-7 lin. broad, dark purple. Bracts reflexed, ovate, subacute, 1 lin.
long, velvety. Flowers minutely velvety outside. Dorsal sepal
lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, recurved, 24 lin. long, yellow; lateral ones
ovate-triangular, acute, apex reflexed, 13 lin. long, dark purple. Petals
falcate-lanceolate, acute, 14 lin. long, yellow. Lip ovate, obtuse, trans-
versely corrugated, 1} lin. long, purple. Column } lin. long; base
broadly winged; wings terminating in broad, obtuse teeth.—Bulbo-
phyllum velutinum, Reichb, f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 258.

Upper Guinea. Gold Coast : Cape Coast Castle, Loddiges, cultivated specimen !

9. M. colubrinum, Peichb. f. in Bonplandia, iii. 223. Rhizome
stout and woody, clothed with withered sheaths. Pseudobulbs triangular,
the faces oval. Leaf cuneate-oblong, fleshy, apex subemarginate, 4 in.
long, 1 in. broad. Scape a span high, blackish-violet, with many
white spots, terete to the middle, with seven sheaths, 2-edged above ;
margin flexuous. Bracts ligulate, deflexed. Flowers dark violet,
shining, larger than those of M. falcatum. Sepals very smooth and
glabrous, cuspidate, yellowish-green inside. Petals falcate, acute, a
third shorter than the sepals. Lip ligulate, subtrilobed, very fleshy,
yellow, spotted with dark violet. Column channelled, winged, obtusely
angled at each side behind the apex, yellow, spotted with dark violet ;
clinandrium or anther-bed obtusely tridentate.—Bulbophyllum colubri-
num, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 257.

Locality unknown, but probably Tropical Africa.

Originally described from a plant cultivated by Booth & Son, Flottbeck, near
Hamburg, in 1855, and only known to me from the description, but apparently allied
to the preceding in its triangular pseudobulbs and other characters.

10. M. minutum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 5. Pseudobulbs
approximate, ovoid-oblong, obscurely triangular, L 11 in. long, 2-leaved.
Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse or minutely bidentate, }-1 in. long,
14-24 lin. broad. Scapes short, suberect, 14 in. long; rhachis oblong,
crenulate, minutely lepidote, purple-brown, 1 in. long, 24 lin. broad,
about 12-flowered. Bracts reflexed, triangular, acute, 1 lin. long.
Flowers fleshy, dull maroon, greenish-yellow towards the base of the
segments. Pedicels and back of sepals ferrugineous-pubescent. Dorsal
sepal oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long; lateral ones ovate-triangular, shortly
acuminate, 1 lin. long; apex reflexed. Petals linear-subulate, acumi-
nate, ł lin. long. Lip cordate-ovate, obtuse, } lin. long; its apex
reflexed. Column very short, with small oblong obtuse wing-like
teeth.—Bot. Mag. t. 7314.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, at the top of Sugarloaf Mountain, 3000 ft.,
Elliot !

The smallest species known. Flowered at Kew in August 1892.

- 11. M. Millenii, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs approximate, ovoid-oblong,
4-angled, 6-8 lin. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse, 2-3 in.
long, 3-5 lin. broad. Scapes dwarf, 2—2} in. long; rhachis flattened,

Megacliniwm. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 41

linear-oblong, subobtuse, scaberulous, 1-1? in. long, 3-4 lin. broad ;
margin obscurely crenulate. Bracts reflexed, suddenly narrowed from
a broad base, acute, } lin. long. Flowers 2 lin. apart, reddish-brown,
with a yellow dorsal sepal. Pedicels puberulous, 1} lin. long. Dorsal
sepal spathulate-oblong, subobtuse, fleshy, 1} lin. long; lateral ones
ovate-triangular from a very broad base, acute, reflexed above the
middle, 1 lin. long. Petals falcate-subulate, 2 lin. long. Lip recurved
from a broader base, fleshy, } lin. long. Column j lin. long; teeth
short, obtuse.
Upper Guinea. Lagos, Millen!

12. M. falcatum, Lindl. Gen. CG Sp. Orch. 47. Rhizome fairly
stout. Pseudobulbs about } in. apart, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, obscurely
4-angled, 3—14 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse,
13-3 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad. Scapes suberect, 5-7 in. long, with
several loose basal sheaths; rhachis linear-oblong, somewhat falcate,
acute, 2-4 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad; margins thin. Bracts reflexed,
triangular-oblong from a broad base, acute, 1-1} lin. long. Dorsal
sepal subspathulate-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long ; lateral ones triangular-
ovate, subobtuse ; apex reflexed, somewhat oblique, 14 lin. long. Lip
triangular-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long; teeth
short, triangular-oblong, obtuse. Petals falcate-linear, subobtuse, 1 lin.
long. Lip triangular-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Column stout,
3 lin. long; teeth short, triangular-oblong, obtuse—Lindl. Bot. Reg.
t. 989; C. Morr. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xix. 91; Ridl. in Bolet.
oe Brot. v. 198. Bulbophyllum falcatum, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
vi. 258.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don! Afzelius! Lagos, Moloney !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Angolares, Quintus (ex Ridley !).

13. M. Clarkei, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1891, 198. Rhizome stout,
creeping. Pseudobulbs 2 in. apart, broadly oblong, acutely 4-angled,
l in. long, 3 in. broad, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, 2) 27 in. long,
i-l in. broad. Scape 64 in. long; rhachis faleate-ensiform, obscurely
repand-crenulate, rather thin, 4 in. long, 4—5 lin. broad. Bracts
reflexed, broadly triangular, acute, 1} lin. long. Flowers 2-3 lin. apart,
green, much speckled with purple-brown. Dorsal sepal subulate-linear,
subacute, scaberulous, 34-4 lin. long ; lateral ones faleate-ovate, acumi-
nate, 2} lin, long. Petals falcate-linear, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip
recurved ; base ovate ; apex linear, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column stout,
5 lin. long ; teeth short, acute.

West Tropical Africa. Without locality, cultivated specimens !

Originally flowered in the collection of Major Trevor Clarke in 1891.

14. M. melanorrhachis, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1875, iv. 162.
Rhizome fairly stout. Pseudobulbs subapproximate, ovoid-tetragonous,
9 lin. long, 2-leaved. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse, 14-2} lin. long, 24-5
lin. broad. Scape 2 in. long, with a few basal sheaths; rhachis oblong
or obovate-oblong, obtuse, thin, obscurely crenulate, slightly scaberulous,

42 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). | Megaclinium.

16 lin. long, 5 lin. broad. Bracts reflexed, ovate-triangular acute,
1-1} lin. long. Flowers 2 lin. apart. Pedicels 2 lin. long, velvety.
Dorsal sepal oblong, subobtuse, 24 lin. long; lateral ones subfalcate-
triangular, acute, 14 lin. long; apex reflexed. Petals falcate-linear,
acute, 14 lin. long. Lip oblong, acute, from a very broad base, ł lin.
long. Column } lin. long, with very broad, obtuse, wing-like teeth.—
Bulbophyllum melanorrhachis, Reichb. f. 1. c. in note.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimens!

Flowered at Kew in 1860, and in the collection of W. Wilson Saunders in 1872.

15. M. pusillum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 362. Pseudobulbs
ovoid-oblong, 4-angled, 1-14 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, 3 in. long, } in. broad. Scapes about 4 in. long, with a few
membranous sheaths ; rhachis short, compressed, obscurely crenulate,
unequal-sided, 14 in. long, 4 lin. broad, light green, densely speckled
with purple-brown. Bracts ovate, subacute, spreading, 14 lin. long.
Flowers a little darker than the rhachis. Dorsal sepal linear, subobtuse,
recurved, 34 lin. long; lateral ones broadly ovate, faleately incurved,
velvety on the face, 14 lin. long; apex attenuate. Petals very narrow,
recurved, 24 lin. long. Lip broad at the base, narrow, obtuse and
recurved above, 1 lin. long. Column short, margined, without teeth.

East Tropical Africa. Without locality, cultivated specimen!

Flowered in the Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, in 1895.

16. M. tentaculigerum, Keichb. f. in Flora, 1878, 78 in note.
Pseudobulbs 4-angled. Leaves cuneate-ligulate, subacute. Scapes with
as many as five sheaths, the upper ones large and loose ; rhachis leaf-like,
variegated, smooth. Flowers arranged in eccentric lines, brown and
yellow. Bracts oblong-ligulate, acute or acuminate, at length deflexed.
Dorsal sepal ligulate, acute; lateral ones oblong, acuminate. Petals
filiform, as long as the sepals, with spathulate apex. Lip ancipitous,
sigmoid, with a pair of erect, triangular auricles at the base. Column
elongate, acute at both sides of the apex; base winged.—Durand &
Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 16. Bulbophyllum tentaculigerum, Reichb.
f. in Flora, 1878, 77.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: at Mopanza, on lava at 5000-6000 ft., Kalbreyer.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be allied to M. Melleri,
Hook. f.

17. M. Melleri, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 5936. Rhizome
creeping, stout and woody. Pseudobulbs }—1} in. apart, oblong, strongly
5-angled, 1-14 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong,
obtuse, 1-2} in. long, 5-9 lin. broad. Scapes suberect, 3 in. long, with
several loose, tubular-spathaceous, obtuse sheaths ; rhachis linear-oblong,
rather fleshy, }-1 in. long, 2-3 broad. Bracts broadly ovate, subobtuse,
spreading, 1}—2 lin. long, 24 3 lin. apart. Sepals triangular. Petals
linear, incurved, obtuse. Lip ancipitous; base with rounded auricles.
Column trigonous, with tridentate apex and a keel extending to the
base.— Bulbophyllum Melleri, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1878, 78.

Megaclinium. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 43

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mt. Chiradzulu, at Namalowe, 2000-
2500 ft., on rocks and trees, Meller! Mt. Mlanje, McClounie, 23!

The description of the flowers is taken from Reichenbach, none now remaining on
the type specimens preserved at Kew. The Mlanje specimens consist of flowering
racemes only, but apparently belong to the same species.

18. M. Bufo, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. 42. Rhachis elongate-
linear, acute, much flattened, 8) in. long, 6-7 lin. broad; margin
obscurely repand-crenulate, green. Bracts reflexed, linear-oblong from
a broadly triangular base, subobtuse, 2 lin. long. Flowers speckled,
8-10 lin. apart, somewhat pubescent. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, 34 lin. long; lateral ones with broadly triangular
base, lanceolate-acuminate above, 3 lin. long, 24 lin, broad at the base.
Petals lanceolate-oblong, acute, 3 lin. long. Lip flat, 2 lin. long, 14 lin.
broad, purple; base broadly ovate-orbicular; apex oblong, subobtuse,
reflexed. Column very stout, 4 lin. long; teeth oblong, subobtuse,
4 lin. long.— Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1841, 348, with fig. Bulbophyllum
Bufo, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 258.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges, cultivated specimen!

Described from a single inflorescence, which flowered in Messrs, Loddiges’ Nursery
in 1841. Nothing further is yet known of the species.

An inflorescence of the very different species, M. triste, Rolfe, is attached to the
same sheet in Lindley’s Herbarium, and appears to have been added afterwards, but
without information as to its origin.

19. M. Lindleyi, Aalt: Pseudobulbs approximate, ovoid-oblong,
1}-2 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 34—4 in, long,
6-8 lin. broad. Scape suberect, 14 ft. long; rhachis ensitorm-falcate,
very thin, light green, 10—11 in. long, } in. broad in the middle ; margin
obscurely repand-crenate. Bracts reflexed, subulate-linear from a broad
base, 1} lin. long. Flowers 5-6 lin. apart, yellowish-green, speckled
with brown. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Dorsal sepal erect, spathulate,
obtuse or minutely apiculate, obscurely crenulate, 34 lin. long, 14 lin.
broad ; lateral ones reflexed, basal half broadly triangular-ovate, nearly
2 lin. long; apex linear, subacute. Petals linear-oblong, subobtuse,
somewhat falcate, } lin. long. Lip recurved, linear-oblong from a
somewhat broader base, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column broad, } lin. long ;
margin winged ; teeth short, subacute.— Megaclinium maximum, Lindl.
Bot. Reg. t. 1959 (not of Gen. & Sp. Orch.); Bot. Mag. t. 4028 ; Hook.
Cent. Orch. 16, t. 3 (flaccidum on plate). Bulbophyllum maximum,
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 259.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges, cultivated specimen!

This species has been confused by Lindley with his previously described
M. maximum, and hence requires a new name. It is only known by the figure and
an inflorescence in Lindley’s Herbarium. The locality can only be assumed from his
remarks, but is probably correctly given here.

20. M. platyrhachis, Kolfe. Rhizome stout and woody. Pseudo-
bulbs l in. or more apart, oblong, strongly +-angled, 14-3 in. long,
2-leaved. Scapes 8-10 in. long; rhachis very broadly dilated, 4-6 in.

ER CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Megaclinium.

long, 1 in. broad; margin crenulate. Bracts 2 lin. apart, ovate, acute,
deflexed and with recurved margins, about 1 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa, cultivated specimen!

Described from a plant imported by Mr. J. O’Brien.

A most distinct and remarkable species, whose affinity remains doubtful until
flowers are known.

7. ANCISTROCHILUS, Rolfe.

Sepals subequal, spreading, the lateral ones partially united at the
base to the very short foot of the column. Petals smaller than the
sepals and narrower at the base, otherwise similar, Lip attached tothe
short foot of the column, subsaccate at the base, strongly 3-lobed ; side
lobes erect at the sides of the column, oblong, obtuse; front lobe
narrowly triangular at the base, long attenuate above, recurved, twice as
long as the side lobes ; disc with slightly raised lines, the middle one
more prominent at the base of the front lobe. Column clavate, rather
long, slightly curved ; wings short and rounded; base extended into a
short horizontal foot. Anther operculate, 4-celled; pollinia 8, ovoid,
united to a single appendage as long as themselves; anther-case
apiculate.—An erect herb, with depressed orbicular pseudobulbs, lanceo-
late, acute, plicate leaves, and erect 2- to 3-flowered scapes a little shorter
than the leaves.

A curious little monotype, originally referred to the Asiatic genus Pachystoma by
Reichenbach, with which, as pointed out in the Botanical Magazine, it neither accords
in floral character nor in the structure of the pollinia. It belongs to the same group,
but is readily distinguished by the pollinia being united to a single stipitate appendage,
as well as by the remarkable lip and spreading segments. The supposed “ gland”

figured in the Botanical Magazine is only a viscid secretion, and not analogous to the
gland of the tribe Vandee.

1. A. thomsonianus, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs seated on a creeping
rhizome, orbicular, depressed, nearly 1 in. thick, covered with mem-
branous scales. Leaves 1 or 2, lanceolate, acute, plicate, membranous,
6-8 in. long. Peduncles 1 or 2 from the base of each pseudobulb,
ascending, slender, pubescent, 4—6 in. high, 2- to 3-flowered. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sheathing, 5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin.
long, pubescent. Flowers large, white witha purplelip. Sepals oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, 14-14 in. long. Petals a little shorter than the
sepals and narrower at the base. Lip deeply 3-lobed ; side lobes oblong,
obtuse, 4—5 lin. long; front lobe attenuate-linear from a narrow base,
9-12 lin. long. Column 7-8 lin. long.—Pachystoma thomsonianum,
Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, 1879, xii. 582, 624, 625, fig. 102, 103; 1882,
xviii., 501, fig. 87; Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 35, t. 213; Bot. Mag.
t. 6471; Orchidophile, 1882, 427; Gartenfl. xxx. 324, t. 1061; Will.
Orch, Alb. v. t. 220; Veitch, Man. Orch. vi. 4, with fig. Ipsea
thomsoniana, Pfitz. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. ii. Abth. 6, 154,
fig. 158.

Upper Guinea. Mountains of Old Calabar, on trees, at a moderate elevation,
not far from the coast, Kalbreyer, cultivated specimens !

Phaius. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 45

8. PHAIUS, Lour. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 512.

Sepals free, subequal, spreading or suberect. Petals like the sepals
or narrower. Lip erect, concave or cucullate, entire or somewhat 3-
lobed; side lobes embracing the column; base spurred or saccate.
Column long, clavate ; apex 2-angled; base not prolonged into a foot.
Anther operculate, incumbent, distinctly 2-celled ; pollinia 8, obovate
or oblong, somewhat laterally compressed, united at the base by a
viscid appendage. Capsules ellipsoidal-oblong.—Tall herbs, terrestrial
or rarely epiphytic. Base of stem sometimes pseudobulbous. Leaves
long petioled ; limb elliptical to lanceolate-oblong, acute or acuminate,
plicate. Scapes basal or lateral, mostly erect. Flowers usually large
and showy. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate.

A genus of about 20 species, extending from India and China to Australia, with
four Mascarene representatives and a single West African one.

1. P. Mannii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 118. Rhizome stout.
Leaves long petioled, oblong- or elliptical-lanceolate, acute, 1 ft. long,
23-3 in. broad; petioles 6-8 in. long, somewhat dilated at the base.
Scape about as tall as the leaves; raceme about 6—8-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, 14 in. long, deciduous. Pedicels 7-8 in. long.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 1} in. long, 4-5 lin. broad. Petals
similar but a little broader. Lip 3-lobed, 14 in. long; side lobes
narrowly oblong, acute ; front lobe oblong, acute or apiculate, much
longer than the side lobes; spur slender, 6-8 lin. long. Column
clavate, 10 lin. long; wings rounded.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1624!

9. CALANTHE, R. Br. ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. PI. iii. 520.

Sepals subequal, free, usually widely spreading. Petals like the
sepals or narrower. Lip usually more or less adnate to the column ;
limb spreading, 3-lobed, with the terminal one often deeply bilobed, disc
variously callous or lamellate; base mostly extended into a slender spur
(in the African ones invariably so). Column short, without a foot ;
wings usually united to the sides of the column. Anther subterminal,
operculate, incumbent, 2-celled ; pollinia 8, oblong or obovate, some-
what compressed, the caudicles often somewhat attenuate and united by
a viscid appendage. Capsules elliptical-oblong.—Terrestrial herbs,
with short leafy stems, sometimes pseudobulbous at the base. Leaves
2 to several, petiolate; limb elliptical- to oblong-lanceolate, acute
or acuminate, plicate. Scapes erect from the rhizome, often tall, with
a number of sheaths towards the base. Flowers in dense or loose
racemes, usually showy. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate.

A genus of about 70 species, most numerous in Tropical Asia, extending to Japan
and Australia, and sparingly represented in Africa, the West Indies, and Central
America.

Side lobes of lip auriculate, scarcely 1 lin. long.
Side lobes of lip as broad as long; claw triangular at the base 1. C. corymbosa.
Side lobes of lip longer than broad ; claw oblong at the base 2. C. delphinioides.
Side lobes of lip linear or oblong, 2 lin. long : , . 3. CG Volkensii,

46 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Calanthe.

1. C. corymbosa, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 129. Rhizome
stout. Leaves oblong- to elliptical-lanceolate, acute or acuminate ;
blade 6-12 in. long, 13-4 in. broad ; petioles 4-6 in. long, dilated at
the base. Scape 14-2} in. long; raceme subcorymbose or ultimately
elongate ; rhachis pakeca Bracts lanceolate, acute, 7—9 lin. long.
Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Flowers mauve, white ‘and purple, or violet.
Sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute or acuminate, 6-8 lin. long. Petals very
similar to the sepals. Lip adnate to the short column, 5-6 lin. long,
with a pair of short, rounded, auriculate side lobes at the base ;
front lobe obcordate, narrowed at the base, truncate; disc with a
triangular warty crest at the base; spur slender, somewhat curved,
6—9 lin. long. Capsule clavate-oblong, 1 in. long.—Rolfe in Bolet. Soc.
Brot. ix. 139.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, 5000 ft., in forest, Johnston, 107! Fernando Po,
5000 ft., Mann, 392!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, 3600 ft., Quintas, 1!

The specimen from St. Thomas isin fruit only, but apparently belongs to the same
species.

2. C. delphinioides, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 55. Rhizome
stout. Leaves elliptical-oblong, acute, 6-9 in. long, 3-4 in. broad;
petioles 4-6 in. long. Scape 1} ft. long; raceme "8 in. long, about
10-12-flowered; rhachis pubescent. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute,
4—6 in. long. Pedicels 1 in. long. Sepals and petals elliptical-oblong,
acute or apiculate, membranous, 6 lin. long. Lip adnate to the short
column, 5-6 lin. long, with a pair of small, roundish, oblong, auriculate
side lobes at the base; front lobe bilobed, very narrow at the base,
nearly truncate; disc with a linear-oblong, wart-like crest at the base ;
spur slender, slightly curved, 5-6 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: near Mimbia, 3600 ft., Preuss, 1061!

Very closely allied to the preceding.

C. Volkensii, Rolfe. Rhizome stout. Leaves elliptical- to
EL secon acute, 12-14 in. long, 4-4} in. broad ; petioles 5-7 in.
long. Scape 1 ft. high : raceme short, about 12- flowered ; rhachis
pubescent. Bracts lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate, subacute, pubescent,
4-7 in. long. Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute
or apiculate, 7—8 lin. long; margins undulate. Petals oblong, subacute
or apiculate, a little smaller than the sepals. Lip adnate to the short
column ; side lobes oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long ; front lobe obcordate-
bilobed ; lobes truncate; disc with three verrucose lines at the base ; spur
slender, 14-16 lin. long. —C. sylvatica var. natalensis, Kranz]. in Engl.
Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 156 (not of Reichb. f.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; Marangu, 6500 ft.,
Volkens, 2263 !

Distinguished from the South African C. natalensis, Reichb. f., amongst other
«haracters, by its longer, more slender spur.

Lulophia. | CXXXII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 47

10. EULOPHIA, R: Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. EI. iii. 535.

Sepals subequal, free, subconnivent or spreading, the lateral ones
sometimes adnate to the foot of the column. Petals like the sepals
or a little broader, sometimes differently coloured. Lip continuous
with the base or foot of the column, sometimes a little contracted above
the base, trilobed or entire; base variously saccate or calcarate; side
lobes erect or sometimes nearly obsolete; the middle one spreading or
recurved ; disc variously cristate or lamellate, rarely smooth. Column
short, stout, the base sometimes more or less produced into a foot;
clinandrium or anther-bed oblique, erect, entire. Anther terminal,
operculate, incumbent, semiglobose, conical or rarely acuminate ; apex
more or less bilobed, imperfectly 2-celled ; pollinia 4, ovoid, united in
pairs, affixed to a broad stipes and gland. Capsules ovoid or oblong,
rarely elongated, with prominent thickened angles.—Terrestrial herbs or
rarely epiphytes. Stems leafy at the base, creeping, often thickened
into rhizomes, sometimes forming aerial pseudobulbs. Leaves distichous,
often narrow and elongated, usually plicate, rarely conduplicate and
coriaceous. Scapes or peduncles variously sheathed below, racemose or
loosely paniculate above. Flowers small or medium-sized, usually lax.
Bracts small or narrow.—Cyrtopera, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 189.
Hulophidium, Pfitz. Entw. Nat. Anordn. Orch. 87.

A genus of about 180 species, widely diffused through the tropics, but most
numerous in Africa, and rare in Malaya, Polynesia, Australia and Tropical America.
There is a complete passage between the species with and those without a foot, so that
it seems impossible to retain Cyrtopera as a distinct genus. A few species almost
form a transition to Lissochilus, though most of the species of that exclusively African
genus are well characterised by the reflexed sepals and much broader petals.

Spur short or obtuse.
Pseudobulbs monophyllous ; leaves coriaceous, not plicate,

irregularly variegated . S : . L E Ledienii,
Pseudobulbs or stems with two or more plicate, green
leaves.
Leaves ovate-oblong, abruptly narrowed below.
Lip 2 lin. broad . A S : : - . 2, E latifolia.
Lip 6 lin. broad. : . 3. E. saundersiana.

Leaves linear to elliptical- lanceolate, attenuate below.
Spur clavate or oblong.
* Flowers paniculate or in rather long lax racemes.
Limb of lip shorter than the clavate spur.
Limb of lip concave, truncate, and ciliate . 4. E. gracilis,
Limb of lip convex, fleshy and glabrous . 5, E. leonensis.
Limb of lip longer than the spur.
+ Sepals 2—4, or rarely 5-6 lin, long.
~ Flowers racemose.
-Lip as broad as long . S : . 6. E stricta,
Lip longer than broad.
Petals nearly or quite as long as the
sepals.
Raceme 1 ft. long . ` SE Dusents.
Raceme under 4 ft. long.
Sepals under 2 lin. long . . 8. E. Milnei.

48

CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE).

Sepals 24 lin. long. 9
Sepals over 3 lin. long.
Flowers pendulous -10.
Flowers nearly horizontal . 11.
Petals only half as long as the sepals 12,
Flowers paniculate.
Epiphytic, with ovoid-oblong pseudo-
bulbs and lanceolate leaves . elo:
Terrestrial, with linear leaves,
Bracts ovate-lanceolate , . 14,
Bracts linear-lanceolate.
Disc with 3 keels (Western species) 15.
Disc with 5 keels (Eastern species) 16.

++ Sepals 7-12 lin. long.
Flowers paniculate.
Leaves 1 in. or less broad.

Sepals 6-7 lin. long Ré
Sepals 9-12 lin. long.
Leaves 12-16 in. long. = 1S:
Leaves 3-8 in. long.
Leaves slightly curved; front
lobe of lip 3 lin. broad, 19.
Leaves strongly recurved; front
lobe of lip 5 lin. broad =. 20.
Leaves 2 in. or more broad. 5 rake

Flowers racemose.
Bracts shorter than the pedicels.
Lip 7-9 lin. long.

Petals nearly as long as the sepals 18.

Petals much shorter than the sepals
Lip about 5 lin. long : :
Bracts as long as or longer than the
pedicels , S
Lobes of lip rounded or obtuse.
Scapes appearing with the leaves .
Scapes appearing before the leaves

Lobes of lip acute.

** Flowers in short lax racemes,

Leaves borne with the scapes, elongate-linear.
Disc of lip densely barbate : :
Disc of lip sparingly barbate on the nerves .

Leaves appearing after the scapes.
Sepals narrow or under 4 in, broad.

Spur scarcely 1 lin. long.
Keels of lip slightly crenulate
Keels of lip fimbriate
Spur 2 or more lin, long.
Dise of lip with a few filiform append-
ages on the thickened nerves.
Front lobe of lip not or scarcely
broader than the sepals.
Sepals 2-3 lin. broad.
Petals broader than the sepals.
Disc of lip with tuberculate

nerves

22.
23.

. 24,

25.

26.

30.

E.

E.
E.

| Hulophia.
lutea,

Monile.
Protearum,

. brevipetala.

lurida.
Ellioti.

Smithii.
callichroma.

. aloifolia.

Petersii.

E. Phillipsie.

Sb

&

se,

. Colee.
. baginsensis.

Petersii.
longisepala.
Nyase.

euglossa.

Kirkii.
stachyodes.

. crinita.

venulosa,

. adenoglossa.
. Antunesit.

tanganyikensis.

Eulophia. |

KKK

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE).

Disc of lip with crenulate

keels or lamellæ .

Petals not or scarcely as broad

as the sepals.

Front lobe of lip scarcely twice

as broad as the side lobes

Front lobe of lip three times

as broad as the side lobes

Sepals 5-6 lin. broad . S

Front lobe of lip twice as broad as

the sepals.

. 32.

49

E. monticola.

. E. lanceolata.

E. aristata.

. E. prestans.

Raceme 3-5-Howered . : . 86. E. Holubii.
Raceme loosely many-flowered . 37. E. hereroensis.
Disc of lip densely villose.
Disc of lip 3-keeled at the base 38. E. Welwitschit.
Disc of lip 2-keeled at the base 39. E renschiana.
Sepals 8-9 lin. broad 40. E, macrantha.

Flowers in dense, often somewhat ‘abbreviated
racemes.
Scapes stout ; leaves broadly lanceolate.
Racemes 4-6 in. long.
Sepals 10-12 lin. long .
Sepals about 8 lin. long. 4
Racemes subcorymbose, scarcely 2 lin. long E
Scapes slender; leaves linear or narrow.
Racemes densely capitate . :
Racemes subcorymbose_ . : .
Racemes somewhat elongated.
Front lobe of lip about 5 lin. broad
Front lobe of lip under 3 lin, broad.
Raceme about 8—9-flowered
Raceme many-flowered.
Lip with distinct oblong side lobes.
Disc with few slender appendages
on the nerves
Dise with many stout appendages
on the nerves
Lip with short rounded side lobes

Spur conical, saccate or obsolete.

VOL, VII.

*Terrestrial herbs.
Leaves elongate-linear, under } in. broad.
Sepals 9-10 lin. or less long.
Petals twice as broad as the sepals.
Lip obscurely trilobed :
Lip trifid, with oblong side lobes
Petals not twice as broad as the sepals.
Sepals 3—4 lin. long.
Sepals nearly orbicular .
Sepals triangular-ovate .
Sepals 5-9 lin. long.
Sepals with narrowed acute apex.
Nerves of lip strongly barbate
Nerves of lip sparsely barbate
Nerves of lip pubescent .
Sepals with broad apiculate apex

E
E.
. E, Nutti.
E.
E.

. E dichroma.
E

, abyssinica.
E., milanjiana.

. Mechowii.

. speciosa,

, Carsoni,

48. E subulata.

A0.
E Buchanani.

E. Missionis.

. E. Bainesii.
. E. flavopurpurea.

. E. Schweinfurthii.
. E. holstiana,

. E. Shupange.,
. E. Johnstoni.

. E. Thomsoni,

. E: lata.

E

50 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

Sepals 1 in. or more long.

Sepals and petals linear . : : . 59. E. Walleri.
Sepals and petals lanceolate . : . 60. E. aurantiaca.
Leaves lanceolate, 1 in. or more broad.
Spur shortly calcarate S S ; . 61. E. manganjensis,
Spur broadly saccate 5 S : . 62. E. Woodfordii.
** Epiphytes with distinct pseudobulbs,
Flowers on a long slender scape . S . 63. E. flexuosa,
Flowers in axillary fascicles . : : . 64, E. tayloriana.
Spur attenuate, Z-L in. long . ; ; ; . 65. E. guineensis.

1. E. Ledienii, Stein in Gartenfl. 1888, 609 (in note). Pseudobulbs
fusiform-oblong, 14 in. or more long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong-lanceolate,
subobtuse, 6-15 in. long. 1-13 in. broad, fleshy, coriaceous, whitish-grey
with irregular bands of green spots; base attenuate. Scapes }-1} ft.
high, with two or three sheaths; racemes lax, 3-6 in. long. Bracts
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 24-5 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin. long.
Flowers pale brownish-green with two pale purple blotches on the sides
of the lip. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 4—5 lin. long. Petals oblong,
acute, 4—5 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 3 lin. long; side lobes broadly
rounded; front lobe bilobed, with obovate-rounded lobes; dise smooth ;
spur clavate, 2 lin. long. Column broad, 14 lin. long. Capsule elliptical-
oblong, 1-1} in. long.—N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1889, 90; Rolfe in
Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 583. Hulophia maculata, Stein in Gartenflora,
1888, 609, t. 1285 (not of Reichb. f.); Durand & Schinz, Conspect.
Fl. Afr. v. 23 (in part). Hulophidium maculatum, Pfitz. in Engl.
& Prantl. Pflanzenf. ii. Abth. 6, 188 (in part).

Upper Guinea. Ashantee, Sander, cultivated specimen ! .

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Van Houtte, cultivated specimen! Congo,
Ledien, cultivated specimen. Angola: Golungo Alto, in dense woods near river
Mata de Quisuculo, Welwitsch, 665!

Quite distinct from the Brazilian E. maculata, Reichb. f., with which it has been
confused.

2. E. latifolia, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 189. Pseudobulbs
fusiform, 14-2} in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves petiolate, ovate-oblong,
subacute, 2-2} in. long, 14-1} in. broad; petioles 1-14 in. long.
Scapes 6-8 in. high, with several sheaths, paniculate with short
branches above; flowers numerous and rather crowded, white with
purple-striped lip. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 14-2 lin. long.
Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate-linear, subobtuse,
3—4 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 34 lin. long; side lobes rounded; front
lobe broadly rounded, truncate or emarginate; dise smooth or nearly
so; spur clavate, 1} lin. long. Column clavate, 14 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Quintas, cultivated specimens!

Originally flowered in the Coimbra Botanic Garden in 1889.

3. E. saundersiana, Reichb. € in Bot. Zeit. 1866, 378. Pseudo-
bulbs ovoid-oblong, 24-6 in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves petiolate, elliptical-
oblong, subacute, 5-9 in. long, 2—3 in. broad; petioles 4-6 in. long.

d

or

Eulophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE).

Scapes erect, 1-2 ft. high; racemes 4-6 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1-3 lin. long. Pedicels 5-8 lin. long.
Flowers green, petals and lip with a few broad black lines, centre of the
sepals black. Sepals and petals broadly elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 5-6
lin. long. Lip 5-6 lin. long, four-lobed; side lobes broad, rounded :
front; pair similar but larger; disc smooth, with a broad erect bilobed
tubercle at the base; spur clavate- or subclavate-oblong, 14—2 lin. long.
Column stout.—Reichb. f. in Flora, 1878, 77; Xen. Orch. ii. 174, t.
173. Lissochilus barombiensis, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 52.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Millen, 150! Ashantee, Assin-yan-Coomassie, Cummins,
222! Cameroons, Preuss, 96! Kalbreyer (ex Reichenbach), Anda cultivated specimen
without locality !

Flowered at Kew in 1864, and in the collection of W. Wilson Saunders about the
same time, being described from the latter source, and said to have been introduced
by Mann. Lissochilus barombiensis, Kränzl., is clearly identical.

4. E. gracilis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 742. Stems pseudobulbous at
the base, 1-24 in. long. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, attenuate
and narrow at the base, 1-14 ft. long, 3—1 in. broad. Scapes 1-2 ft.
high; racemes 6-9 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4-7 lin.
long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute, 5-7 lin.
long, 2} lin. broad. Petals rather smaller than the sepals. Lip shortly
and broadly funnel-shaped, truncate, deeply fimbriate, with an oblong
tooth near the apex; spur 4 lin. long, conical at the base, constricted in
the middle, and clavate at the apex. Column stout, 2 lin. long, puberulous.
—Limodorum ciliatum, Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 400. Galeandra
gracilis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 187 ; Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 133; Reichb.
f. in Flora, 1878, 77; Kränz), in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889),
156. Galeandra extinctoria, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 187. Hulophia
ciliata, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 647; Durand & Schinz, Conspect.
EL Afr. y. 20. Eulophia Preussii, Kränzl. in Engl., Jahrb. xvii. 54,

_ Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bumban to Lokko, Scott-Elliot, 5732! 5738!
Sugar-loaf Mountain, Preuss ; Bagru River, Mann, 903! and without precise locality,
Don! Wilford! Liberia, Carder! Lagos, cultivated specimen !

t I fail to find any character in the description by which to separate E. Preussii,
ranzl,

5. E. leonensis, Rolfe. Rhizome and leaves not seen. Scape
1] ft. high, rather slender; raceme 10 in. long, lax, many-flowered.
Bracts linear, acuminate, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin. long. Sepals
elliptical-oblong, subobtuse, 3 lin, long. Petals broadly ovate, obtuse,
24 lin. long. Lip with very short trilobed limb, 1} lin. long; side
lobes suborbicular; front lobe ovate-oblong, obtuse; dise with a very
large fleshy callus; spur subclavate, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Column
stout, 1} lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bafodeya, in sandy soil on rocky hills, Scott-
Elliot, 5536!

6. E. stricta, Rolfe. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3-5 lin.
long, 7-10 lin. wide. Scapes 2-2} ft. high, with a few short sheaths
elow; racemes 1 ft. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracis lanceolate or

52 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1}—4 lin. long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Sepals
oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 4 lin. long, subattenuate at the base;
lateral ones adnate to the short foot of the column. Petals elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, 34 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 34 lin. long; side lobes quadrate;
front lobe broadly oblong, obtuse, somewhat crenulate; dise with three
thickened crenulate keels at the base and five to seven more slender ones
above ; nerves of the side lobes also somewhat thickened ; spur conical-
oblong, 14 lin. long. Column clavate, 2} lin. long, with a short foot.—
Lissochilus sp., Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, ii. 349.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Kilimanjaro Expedition, 40-60 miles from
the coast, Johnston !

This species has a distinct foot to the column, but otherwise seems allied to the
preceding ones.

7. E. Dusenii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 254. Pseudobulbs
aggregated, oblong or cylindrical, 2—23} in. long. Leaves several, long
petiolate, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 28-30 in. long, 1-1} in. broad.
Scapes 2 ft. high, appearing with the leaves; base with several sheaths ;
racemes about 1 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, as
long as or longer than the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, acute. Petals
lanceolate, acute, a little shorter and broader than the sepals. Lip 3-
lobed ; side lobes triangular, acute; front lobe obovate-oblong, obtuse ;
margins slightly crenulate ; disc with very slightly elevated lines, velvety
at the base; spur clavate, obtuse, a third as long as the lip. Column
shorter by one-third than the lip, velvety.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Dusen, 264.

Only known to me from the original description, in which it is compared with the
South African E. clavicornis, Lindl,

8. E. Milnei, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 116. Rhizome rather
slender, with several swollen joints, forming the bases of the stems.
Leaves narrowly linear, acute, 4-8 in. long, 1 lin. broad. Scapes
slender, erect, 9-12 in. long; racemes 2-3 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceo-
late, acuminate, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels as long as the bracts. Sepals
and petals lanceolate or linear-oblong, subacute or apiculate, 14-2 lin.
long. Lip shortly clawed, trilobed, 14-14 lin. long; margin crenulate;
side lobes divaricate, oblong, obtuse or subacute, 3 lin. long ; front lobe
ovate or broadly rounded, obtuse or retuse, 1 lin. broad; disc with
three thickened nerves, each bearing a few linear papille above the
middle; spur 4—} lin. long, clavate or with inflated apex. Column
stout, ł lin. Jong E. gracillima, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 292.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po and vicinity, Milne! Old Calabar, Robb!
“ Nimbo River, Benito Ground. Main Sand, Milne” (ex Reichenbach).

Remarkable for its very slender habit and narrow leaves,

9. E. lutea, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 132. Stems with a
subglobose, corm-like base. Scapes 1-1} ft. long, rather slender;
racemes lax. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, 14-3 lin.

Eulophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 53

long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Sepals and petals
oblong or ovate-oblong, subacute, 2-24 lin. long. Lip elliptical-oblong,
trilobed, 2-24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad; side lobes narrow and obtuse ;
front lobe broadly oblong, retuse or emarginate ; nerves of disc five,
each bearing a few suberect papille above the middle; spur oblong,
obtuse, 1-14 lin. long. Column stout, 1 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Herimankuna, Scott-Elliot, 5248! Niger
Territory: Nupe, in grassy valleys, Barter, 1480!

Leaves are absent from the specimens.

10. E. Monile, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 105. Pseudobulbs
thickened, superposed. Leaves linear, acuminate, rigid, with two
tubular sheaths at the base. Scapes slender, over 1 ft. high; basal
sheaths distant, subacute; racemes lax, few-flowered. Flowers drooping,
white. Bracts linear-setaceous, longer than the deflexed pedicels.
Sepals linear-ligulate, acute. Petals shorter and more obtuse. Lip
cuneate-oblong, trilobed; side lobes obtusely angled; front lobe ovate
or obovate, emarginate, crenulate; disc with three minutely crested
keels below, and five barbate lamell on the front lobe. Spur clavate,
not a third as long as the ovary. Capsule oblong, 5 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Monino, 5000 ft., among mosses,
near river, Welwitsch, 709 !

11. E. Protearum, Leichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 104. Rhizome
thickened. Leaves linear-setaceous, cartilaginous. Scapes with two
appressed nerved sheaths at the base, 9 in. high ; racemes few-flowered.
Flowers yellow, with a trace of red. Sepals oblong-ligulate, acute,
5 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, acute, 5 lin. long. Lip trilobed ; side
lobes obtusely angled ; front lobe ovate, crenulate at the sides ; dise with
five keel-like nerves; spur clavate-cylindrical, 14 lin. long. Column
cylindrical, apiculate.

_ _Zower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Lopollo and Monino, sandy grassy places
in Proteaceous woods, Welwitsch, 719 (not 739, as cited by Reichenbach),

Of this species I have only seen a drawing, which is preserved in the British
Museum.

12. E. brevipetala, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, 1 in. long.
Leaves (immature) fascicled, linear, acute, very short. Scapes slender,
1-1} ft. high; racemes lax, few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute,
1-1} lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 4—5 lin. long. Petals oblong
or obovate-oblong, subobtuse, 2—24 lin. long, strongly 5-7-nerved. Lip
3-3} lin. long, trilobed; side lobes narrow, obtuse; front lobe broadly
elliptical-oblong, obtuse, undulate; disc three-keeled at the base, five-
keeled above, nerves all fimbriate-villous. Column clavate, 1} lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone : 600 ft. above Falaba, in a dry wood on top of a
schistose hill, Scott-Elliot, 5224!

Remarkable for the short petals.

13. E. lurida, Lindl. Gen. £ Sp. Orch. 182. Epiphytic. Pseudo-

54 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Eulophia.

bulbs oblong to ovoid-oblong, 2—24} Jm. long, 4—5-leaved. Leaves
lanceolate or elongate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 4-10 in. long,
5-11 lin. broad. Scapes 1—2 ft. long, loosely paniculate above ; branches
2-9 in. long. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, ?-1 lin. long. Pedicels
3-9 lin. long. Sepals oblong or subspathulate-oblong, obtuse or apicu-
late, 24-3 lin. long, dull lurid purple. Petals oblong, obtuse or apiculate,
as long as the sepals, but broader, and a little paler in colour. Lip
trilobed, 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, yellow; side lobes obtuse or rounded ;
front lobe broadly obcordate or obovate; disc with a pair of oblong
flattened tubercles near the base; spur linear-cblong, more or less bifid
at the apex, spreading or incurved as the flowers become old, a little
shorter than the lip. Column stout, 1-1} lin. long; basal angles
prominent and pubescent.—Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1821; Journ. Linn.
Soc. vi. 132. Limodorum luridum, Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 521. Angraecum
luridum, Lindl. in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. vi. 86. Eulophia longicollis,
Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 132. E virilis, Lindl. Le: Kranz:
in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 156 (by error as viridis).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Ninia, Scott-Elliot, 4812! Bumban to Port
Lokko, Scott-Elliot, 5741! Kikonkou Island, River Scarcies, Hart! and without
precise locality, Don! Afzelius! Lagos, Millen, 187! Niger Delta: Brass River,
Barter, 2040! Nun River, “on Phenix spinosa,” Barter, 20121! Cameroons : Ambas
Bay, Mann, 782!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Corisco Bay, Mann, 1882!

I cannot find a single character by which to separate Lindley’s E. longicollis and
E. virilis from the present one.

14. E. Elliotii, 2o/fe. Rhizome and leaf not seen. Scape 14 ft.
high, with a few loose sheaths below, loosely paniculate above. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1 lin. long. Pedicels 3-5 lin. long. Sepals
narrowly oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 3 lin. long. Petals similar, but a
little broader and more membranous. Lip trilobed, 3 lin. long; side
lobes narrow, oblong, obtuse, slightly crenulate towards their apices;
front lobe broadly rounded, obtuse, somewhat undulate ; dise with five
slender keels, becoming lamellate and crenulate in front. Column
clavate, 14 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: on a grassy hillside about 600 ft. above Falaba,
among schistose rocks, Scott-Elliot, 5116 !

15. E. Smithii, olfe. Scape tall and branched ; branches 9 in.
long, slender, lax-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, 1—2 lin.
long. Pedicels 9 lin. long. Sepals linear-oblong, acute, 6 lin. long.
Petals similar, but a little broader and apiculate. Lip trilobed, 5 lin.
long; side lobes narrow, with short oblong obtuse apex; front lobe
oblong, emarginate, crisped-undulate, with three tuberculate keels; spur
clavate-oblong, slightly curved, 14-2 lin.long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long-

Lower Guinea. Congo, Smith, 45!

Only known from a specimen at the British Museum.

16. E. callichroma, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 116. Rhizome
stout. Leaves several, elongate-linear, subacute, 4-1 ft. long, 3-5 lin.

~

Eulophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). D

broad. Scapes erect, 13-2 ft. long, often loosely paniculate above.
Flowers lax, yellow, except the crests and margin of the lip, which are
white. Bracts linear-lanceolate, subacute, 2—4 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8
lin.long. Sepals oblong-linear, obtuse, 5—6 lin.long. Petals oblong-linear,
obtuse, 4-5 lin. long. Lip equalling the sepals, narrowly elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, nearly entire, apical half undulate; disc with five thickened
nerves or keels, which are somewhat undulate or verrucose above; spur
oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column oblong, 2 lin. long.—N. E. Br. in
Gard. Chron. 1889, vi. 298; Kew Bulletin, 1890, App. ii. 45.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, Meller, 6 ! 3900 ft.
Kirk,6! Zomba mountain, Meller !

17. E. aloifolia, Welw. ex Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 104. Pseudo-
bulbs oblong-elliptical or elongate-elliptical, clothed with the persistent
leaf-sheaths. Leaves ligulate, acute, limb very cartilaginous or rigidly
coriaceous, retuse, crenulate or denticulate, 5-nerved, glaucous, 1-2 ft.
long, }-1 in. broad. Scape 4-5 ft. high, with distant sheaths below,
paniculately branched above, many-flowered. Bracts triangular, acute,
shorter than the ovary. Flowers as large as those of Æ. tristis, Spreng.,
greenish-purple. Sepals ligulate, acute. Petals ligulate-oblong, acute.
Lip cuneate-oblong; apex trifid; side lobes rectangular; front lobe
roundish-oblong, fleshy, apiculate, crisped-lobulate; disc 5-nerved ;
nerves crenulate, the central one large ; spur cylindrical, obtuse, a fifth
as long as the lip. Column clavate; anther bicornute.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo, near Cundumba, among shrubs on
rocky slopes by the side of the river Cuanza, rare, Welwitsch, 682! (857 ex Reichenbach).

18. E. Peters, Reich. f. in Flora, 1865, 186 (in note), Rhizome
creeping, 4—4} in. thick, bearing scarious imbricate scales. Stems pseudo-
bulbous, 3 in. long, with sheathing acuminate scales below, 3—4-leaved
above. Leaves falcate, rigidly coriaceous, narrowed above and acute,
12-16 in. long, 7-10 lin. broad, keeled behind; margin scabrid. Scapes
3-5 ft. high, with several sheaths at the base, loosely paniculate above,
or rarely simple. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acumi-
nate, 3-8 lin. long. Pedicels $-lin.long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, sub-
acute or apiculate, 9-12 lin. long. Petals oblong, obtuse, a little shorter
and broader than the sepals. Lip 7-10 lin. long, obscurely trilobed ;
side lobes broadly elliptical-oblong, obtuse, erect ` front one broadly
elliptical-oblong, or nearly quadrate, undulate ; dise with three crenulate
keels below, which are elevated into erect undulate lamelle on the front
lobe; spur clavate-oblong, incurved, 24-3 lin. long. Column clavate,
34-5 lin. long; apex broadly margined ; base produced into a short foot.
Capsule subcylindrical, 14 in. long.—Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii.
T4. Galeandra Petersii, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xx. 679; Peters, Reise
Mossamb. 514. Eulophia schimperiana, A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.
283; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 89. Hpidendrum
schimperianum, Hochst. ex A. Rich. 1. c. Eulophia longepedunculata,
Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 382 ; Journ. Bot. 1895, 165.

Mile Land. Eritrea: Mt. Alamkale, near Aidereso, 5900 ft., Schweinfurth,
1469! Near Acrur, 7100 ft., Schweinfurth, 1353! 1829. Abyssinia : without locality,

56 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE£ (ROLFE). | Hulophia.

Quartin Dillon ! Schimper,1592! British East Africa : Majichumvi, near Mombasa,
Scott-Elliot, 6142! Sabaki River, near Malindi, Kirk! Ukamba; Kitui, Hilde-
brandt, 2647 (ex Reichenbach).

Mozamb. Dist. Without locality, Peters. Zanzibar, Kirk, 27! Hildebrandt,
1043! German East Africa : between the coast and Uyui, Taylor !

Also found in Arabia,

l cannot find any character by which to distinguish E, longepedunculata, Rendle.

19. E. Phillipsize, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, 1—2 in. long,
about 12-channelled, 2-leaved at the apex. Leaves very fleshy and
rigid, lanceolate-linear, acute, canaliculate, somewhat curved, with
minutely denticulate margins, 5-10 in. long, 5-7 lin. broad. Panicle
14—24 ft. high, lax, many-flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, 2—5 lin. long. Pedicels 8-12 lin. long. Sepals
lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute 9-12 lin. long, spreading, recurved
at the apex, brown. Petals oblong-linear, acute, 8-10 lin. long, erect
or slightly incurved, light green. Lip 9-10 lin. long, somewhat trilobed,
light green with numerous, narrow, light brown, radiating lines; side
lobes narrow with somewhat rounded apex; front lobe oblong, subacute,
24-3 lin. broad; disc with three fleshy keels, and the lateral nerves
slightly thickened; spur subclavate-oblong, curved, 2-24 lin. long.
Column clavate, 5 lin. long; anther bidentate.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Woob, Golis range, Mrs. Phillips! Miss Cole !

Also flowered in the collection of G. Lort Phillips, Esq., in June 1897.

20. E. Coleze, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, 14-4 in. long,
about 10-channelled, 2-leaved at the apex. ‘Leaves very fleshy and
rigid, oblong-lanceolate, acute, canaliculate, strongly recurved, with
strongly denticulate margins, 3-6 in. long, 8-12 lin. broad. Panicle
1-2 ft. high, with few branches, lax, many-flowered. Bracts ovate or
ovate-lanceolate, acute or subacute, 2-5 lin. long. Pedicels 8-12 lin.
long. Sepals subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, 9-12 lin. long, spreading,
recurved at the apex, purple-brown or sometimes green along the centre.
Petals erect, oblong, subacute, recurved at the apex, 8-9 lin. long, light
green veined with purple. Lip 8-9 lin. long, trilobed, white in front,
light green behind, somewhat veined with light purple; side lobes
narrowly oblong, rounded at the apex; front lobe broadly quadrate-
oblong, retuse or emarginate, undulate, 5 lin. broad; disc with three
dwart, fleshy keels, slightly crenulate and bearing a few small teeth in
front ` spur subclavate-oblong, slightly curved, 3-34 lin. long. Column
clavate, 6 lin. long ; anther bidentate.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Woob, Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips ! Miss Cole !

Also flowered in the collection of G. Lort Phillips, Esq., in June 1897.

21. E. baginsensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 66. Rhizome
very stout. Pseudobulbs narrowly conical. Leaves ensiform, acute,
rigid, 1-2 ft. or more long, conduplicate-complicate, when expanded
2 in. or more broad; margin crenulate. Scape 3 ft. high, stout,
paniculate above; branches many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,

Eulophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE); 57

acute, 2—4 lin. long. Sepals ligulate, acute. Petals spathulate, acute.
Lip oblong, subtrilobed ; side lobes semi-oblong ; front lobe very short,
subrhomboid, obtusely angled, with two semi-oblong crenulate keels at
the base, and three to five or many teeth at the base of the front lobe ;
spur cylindrical, clavate, much shorter than the ovary. Column
trigonous; anther bicornute. Capsule elliptical-oblong or pyriform,
2 in. long.

Nile Land. Niamniam : at the foot of Mount Baginse, on gneiss, Schwein-
Surth, ser. ii, 24!

I have only seen imperfect fruiting specimens of this species,

22. E. longisepala, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, iv. 43.
Scape slender, 14 ft. high; raceme loosely few-flowered. Bracts ovate,
acute, 2-2} lin. long. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Sepals linear-lanceolate,
acute, 10-11 lin. long, with a long, narrow, attenuate base. Petals
oblong-lanceolate, apiculate, 6 lin. long, 13 lin. broad. Lip trilobed ;
side lobes rounded, entire; front lobe transversely oblong, emarginate,
with a slightly undulate margin; dise with 3-5, verrucose or tuber-
culate lamelle ; spur oblong, short, robust, curved, 2 lin. long. Column
clavate, 4 lin. long, winged above.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mlanje, Whyte !

23. E. Nyasz, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. 2, iv. 44.
Scape 14-2 ft. high; raceme 9-10 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, 24-4 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals
linear-lanceolate, acute, 8-9 lin. long, 1} lin. broad. Petals oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 6 lin. long, a little broader than the petals. Lip
trilobed, 5 lin. long; side lobes narrowly oblong, rounded at the apex ;
front lobe broadly ovate-oblong, apiculate, 2 lin. long; disc densely
verrucose-papillose in front, smooth behind ; spur clavate, somewhat
conical at the base, 3 lin. long, slightly inflated at the apex.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mlanje, Whyte!

Near the S. African E. lamellata, Lindl, in general character.

24. E. euglossa, Reichb. f. ex Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5561.
Pseudobulbs elongate, swollen at the base, attenuate above, 8 in. or
more high. Leaves lanceolate, acute, attenuate at the base, }-1 ft.
long. Scapes about 4 ft. high (fide Welwitsch), with several sheaths
below ; racemes 9 in. or more long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 1-12 in. long. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Sepals and petals
oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, 6-7 lin. long, light green. Lip
trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes semiovate-oblong, acute ; front lobe
ovate-oblong, subobtuse, minutely undulate, white with purple streaks
at the base; dise with about five smooth keels in front, slightly
pubescent at the base; spur clavate, 2} lin. long. Column clavate,
3 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 103. Galeandra euglossa,
Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, 935; Walp. Ann. vi. 649,

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges, cultivated specimens ! Stormont ! Sugar-

58 €XXXIII, ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [ Lulophia.

loaf Mountain, Barter! Niger Delta: Old Calabar River, Mann, cultivated
specimens !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, near the river at Banca de Quilombo,
2000 ft. in deep shade, Welwitsch, 671!

e Pseudobulbs not unlike a fossil Calamites in shape and appearance,” Welwitsch !

25. E.Kirkii, Rolfe. Rhizomethickened. Leaves petiolate, lan-
ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6—12 in. long, 1-1} in. broad.
Scapes 14-1} ft. high, with about 3 acuminate sheaths below ; racemes
6-8 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 6—10
lin. long, white, membranous. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Sepals oblong-
linear, subacute, 9 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, acute, membranous,
7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 7 lin. long; side lobes broadly oblong,
rounded at the apex; front lobe suborbicular, undulate ; dise with 2
oblong obtuse calli near the base, and five strongly verrucose-crenulate
keels on the front lobe; spur conical, oblong, 2 lin. long. Column
clavate, 3 lin. long; foot half as long as the column.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, Waller ! ShireHigh-

lands, Buchanan, 315! Portugese East Africa: Morambala Mountains, 1500-3500 ít.,
Kirk!

26. E. stachyodes, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 66. Leaves lan-
ceolate, acuminate, 5—10 in. long, }-1} in. broad. Scapes 2 ft. high,
with several oblong-lanceolate, acute sheaths; racemes 6 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 7—9
lin. long. Pedicels 6—7 lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 9-10
lin. long, green suffused with purple; lateral sepals adnate to the foot
of the column. Petals elliptical-oblong, subobtuse, 8—9 lin. long, more
membranous than the sepals, white. Lip white, with purple crests
and nerves on the side lobes, trilobed, 6-7 lin. long; side lobes
roundish-oblong, undulate ; front lobe broadly elliptical-oblong, obtuse ;
disc with a pair of small calli below the middle, verrucose all over the
front part ; spur oblong, somewhat curved, broader at the base, 14 lin.
long. Column clavate, 3 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam Land, near the Yubbo River,
Schweinfurth, 3754! North of Monbutiu, Schweinfurth, 3554!

27. E. crinita, Rolfe. Leaves linear, acute, 4-10 in. long,
2-3 lin. broad. Scapes slender, 14 ft. high, covered with long
imbricate sheaths; racemes 4 in. long, lax, few-flowered. Bracts
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4—6 in. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long.
Sepals linear-lanceolate, acute 6-7 lin. long, light green. Petals
elliptical-oblong, acute, 5-6 lin. long, lilac. Lip trilobed, 5-6 lin. long,
white, with light purple veins and margin, and light yellow hairs ;
side lobes narrowly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe broadly obovate, obtuse ;
disc with four keels at the base, densely barbate above ; spur linear
oblong, obtuse, curved, 1 lin. Column clavate, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. (?) Described from a cultivated specimen believed to have been
sent from the Shire Highlands by Mr. J. Buchanan, C.M.G.

Allied to the South African E. tristis, Spreng.,and the Indian E. graminea, Lindl.

Eulophia.) CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 59

28. E. venulosa, KReichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 116. Rhizome
thickened ; stem slender. Leaves linear, acute, developed at flowering
time, 3-5 lin. long, 1 lin. broad. Scapes slender, 1 ft. high ; racemes
few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-4 lin. long. Pedicels
3-95 lin. long. Flowers white. Sepals lanceolate, acute or acuminate,
5-9 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad. Petals lanceolate or falcate-oblong,
acute or subobtuse, a little shorter and broader than the sepals. Lip
pandurately trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes rounded-oblong, obtuse ;
front lobe ovate-elliptical or oblong-lanceolate, acute, crenulate or
undulate; disc with 3 keels, barbate on the front lobe; spur oblong,
curved, conical at the base, 2-24 lin. long. Column clavate, 2-3 lin.
Jong EL humilis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 165.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, 1000 ft., Meller!
Shire Highlands, Ndurandi, 3000—4000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8484!

29. E. adenoglossa, Leichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 66 (in note).
Rhizome stout. Leaves undeveloped at flowering time. Scape 1 ft.
high, with about two tubular sheaths near the base; raceme few-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 6-8 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate,
acute, 5-6 lin. long. Petals similar to the sepals but a little smaller.
Lip trilobed, 4—5 lin. long; side lobes narrowly oblong, obtuse; front
lobe elliptical-ovate, acute; dise with three rather obscure, slightly
crenulate keels; spur saccate-oblong, obtuse, ł lin. long. Column
clavate, 3 lin. long.—Cymbidium adenoglossum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn.
Soe. vi. 134.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter!

30. E. Antunesii, Lolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 236. Scape
8-9 in. high; raceme 10—20-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate,
acuminate, 6-9 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 7-9 lin. long.
Petals oblong, apiculate, shorter and broader than the sepals. Lip
trilobed, as long as the petals; side lobes rounded, 8—9-nerved ; front
one broadly oblong, subobtuse, 5-nerved; nerves fimbriate; dise tri-
carinate below ; spur oblong, obtuse, scarcely 1 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 23!

31. E. tanganyikensis, folfe. Scape 14-1} ft. high, with three
or four short sheaths ; raceme 8-4 in. long, lax, about 4—8-flowered.
Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4—5 lin. long. Pedicels 8-11 lin.
long. Sepals linear-oblong, subacute, 6-8 lin. long, the lateral ones
adnate to the foot of the column. Petals oblong, obtuse, 5-7 lin. long.
Lip trilobed, 6-8 lin. long; side lobes roundish-oblong, obtuse; front
lobe obovate or nearly quadrate, emarginate; disc with two lamelle
near the base, and five to seven rows of tubercles cn the nerves in
front; spur oblong, obtuse, slightly curved, 2-2} lin. long. Column
clavate, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambto, south of Lake Tanganyika,
5200 ft., Nutt !

60 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

32. E. monticola, Rolfe. Scape stout, with acute sheaths, base
not seen; raceme 3-5 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 4-1 in. long. Pedicels 7-9 in. long. Petals ovate-oblong,
obtuse or apiculate, 6-7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6-8 lin. long; side
lobes broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse; front lobe triangular-oblong,
subobtuse, slightly undulate; dise with 5-7 thickened, crenulate
keels, the three central ones increasing into lamellæ towards the apex
of the front lobe of the lip. Column clavate, stout, 34 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist, British Central Africa: Mlanje, 6000 ft., MeClounie, 50!

33. E. lanceolata, Rolfe. Scape 1-14 ft. high, with about three
long sheaths; raceme short, 6-8-flowered.` Bracts lanceolate, acute,
4-1 in. long. Pedicel 5 lin. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 9-10 lin. long; lateral sepals adnate to the
foot of the column. Lip trilobed, 9-10 lin. long; side lobes narrowly
oblong, with rounded apex; front lobe ovate, suborbicular, apiculate,
crenulate; disc with two slender keels on the lower half, slightly
verrucose above; spur conical-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long, placed almost
at right angles to the lip. Column clavate, 6 lin. long; foot half as long
as the column.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 34:!

34. E. aristata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 169. Scape
moderately stout, 1} ft. or more long; raceme lax, few-flowered,
2-3 in. long. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 8-12 lin. long. Lateral
sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 9-10 lin. long, 24 lin. broad; dorsal
one rather shorter. Petals linear-oblong, 7-8 lin. long, rather nar-
rower than the sepals. Lip trifid, 8-9 lin. long; side lobes rather
narrow, with small, roundish, or obtuse apex; front lobe broadly
elliptical, obtuse, 3 lin. broad; disc with about five obscure keels, on
which are a few papille; spur oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Column
clavate, 5 lin. long, produced at the base into a foot 1} lin. long.

oe Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, Scott-Elliot, 8616,
in part !

35. E. preestans, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 166. Scape 14 ft.
or more high, with a few lanceolate sheaths; raceme short, several-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4—1 in.
long. Pedicels 8-9 lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
13-1} in. long, 8-9 lin. broad. Petals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip trilobed, 12-14 lin. long; side
lobes broadly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe broadly elliptical, obtuse ;
disc with two keels at the base, sparsely barbate in the middle, with
Jong hairs ; spur oblong, 14 lin. long. Column clavate, 3-34 lin. long ;
foot half as long as the column. :

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, Scott-Elliot, 8616,
in part!

36. E. Holubii, Rolfe. Scapes 1 ft. or more high, with several
sheaths; racemes 3—5-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, }—1 in.

Eulophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 61

long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 7-8 lin. long. Lip 7-8 lin. long, trilobed ; side lobes broadly
semiovate, obtuse; front lobe suborbicular or broadly obovate; dise
with nerves scarcely thicker at the base, barbate in front with long
hairs ; spur linear, subconical, obtuse, 2—24 lin. long. Column clavate,
3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Northern Bechuanaland: Leshumo Valley, Holub ! Near the
Zambesi River, N.W. of Shesheke, Holub !

Lower Guinea. German South-West Africa: Amboland; Oshike, Schinz !

37. E. hereroensis, Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss.iv. 417. Stem
erect, glabrous, 16-20 in. high. Leaves few, fascicled, suberect,
produced after flowering, linear, acute, rather rigid, nerved. Scapes
lateral, rather strong, laxly sheathed; sheaths few, submembranous,
short, appressed to the scape; spike loosely many-flowered. Bracts
membranous, suberect, minute, lanceolate, acute, much shorter than
the ovary. Flowers erect, spreading. Sepals narrowly oblong, sub-
acute, 8-9 lin. long; lateral 24 lin. broad; dorsal a little narrower
than the lateral. Petals oblique, lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 6—7 lin.
long, 24 lin. broad. Lip as long as the sepals, lanceolate, slightly
trilobed above; side lobes very short, subtriangular, acute; front
lobe much larger than the side ones, ovate-oblong, obtuse, with inflexed
margin; disc with two parallel keels and some thickened nerves;
spur thick, obtuse, subincurved, 24 lin. long, mouth very broad.
Column about half as long as the lip; stipes oblong-ligulate, short ;
glands elliptical, semilunate, with a very acute apex.

Lower Guinea. German South-West Africa: Hereroland; near Harris, among
shrubs, Fleck, 412.

Only known to me from the original description.

38. E. Welwitschii, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 236. Plant
1-1} ft. high. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, 6-8 in. long,
immature at flowering time. Scapes 1-14 ft. long, with a few lanceolate
sheaths; racemes 2-3 in. long, about 7—9-flowered. Bracts lanceolate
or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4—9 lin. long, Pedicels 5-6 lin. long.
Sepals and petals oblanceolate, acute or subacuminate, 10-12 lin. long.
Lip subentire, elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 10-11 lin. long; disc with three
obtuse keels at the base; nerves more or less villose above; spur
oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Column stout, 24 lin. long.—Orthochilus
Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 186.

_ Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; at Monino, in sandy places among Proteacew,
Welwitsch, 720! Huilla, Antunes, 22!

39. E. renschiana, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. e 25,
Leaves rigid, linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Scape tall; raceme lax.
Sepals and petals not described. Lip broadly oblong, obtuse or emar-
ginate, with a pair of obtuse-angled lobes near the base ; dise with a
pair of keels at the base, barbate with crinite, very slenderly filiform,

62 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

often curved hairs; spur slender, cylindrical, acute, very short, retrorse.
Orthochilus renschianus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 532.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 299.

Only known to me from the original description,

40. E. macrantha, Rolfe. Sepals ovate-oblong, apiculate, 14-14 in.
long, dorsal one a little broader than the lateral. Petals similar to the
sepals but a little smaller. Lip trilobed, 12-14 lin. long; side lobes
roundish-oblong ; front lobe oblong, obtuse, much longer than the side
lobes; disc with about 4 rows of tall, dentate or denticulate lamelle ;
spur narrowly cylindrical, 3 lin. long. Column broadly clavate, 6-7
lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan !

Remarkable for its large broad flowers and the prominent lamelle of the lip. The

sepals and petals appear to have been white or light yellow, and the lip darker, with
very dark purple keels.

41. E. dichroma, Rolfe. Leaves broadly lanceolate, acuminate,
7-nerved, 14 ft. long, 2} in. broad. Scape 2} ft. high, with a few long
sheaths; raceme 6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate,
321 in. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin. long. Flowers yellow, with the side
lobes of the lip deep purple. Sepals and petals elliptical-oblong, acute,
11-13 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 9-10 lin. long; side lobes suborbicular-
oblong, deep purple; front lobe suborbicular-elliptical, obtuse ; dise with
2 keels behind, passing into several thickened, somewhat fimbriate
nerves at the base of the front lobe; spur conical at the base, narrow
above, 2 lin. long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long.—Z. bicolor, Reichb.
f. & Sond. in Flora, 1865, 186, in part. E Welwitschii, Hook. f. Bot.
Mag. sub t. 7330 (not Rolfe).

Lower Guinea. Angola; Huilla ; Varzea do Ferrao da Sola, in places inundated
during the wet season, Welwitsch, 718!

Reichenbach confused this with a quite distinct S.E. African species (since de-
scribed as E. Zeyheri, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 7330) under the name of E bicolor,

Reichb. f. and Sond. Sir Joseph Hooker renamed it E. Welwitschii, but that name
being preoccupied, the above is substituted.

42. E. abyssinica, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xxii. 866. Leaves
lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute or subobtuse, 6-12 in. long, 1—2 in.
broad, attenuate ut the base into a sheathing petiole. Scape 14-1} ft.
high, with a few long sheaths; raceme 4-6 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 7-9 lin. long. Sepals broadly ovate,
acute, 8 lin. long. Petals elliptical-ovate, acute, 7 lin. long. Lip
trilobed, 7 lin. long; side lobes very broadly oblong, obtuse; front lobe
suborbicular, obtuse; disc with 2 keels, becoming more elevated in
front, where they suddenly terminate; spur oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long.—Walp. Ann. iii. 551; Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 187.
Orthochilus abyssinicus, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 284,
t. 82.

Wile Land. Abyssinia : near Addi Schum Eschet, in swampy meadows, Schimper,

1700! Shire district, on mountains, Quartin-Dillon ! Sana; near Bahara, in swamps,
Schimper, 1636!

Vadonb/io, | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 63

43. E. milanjiana, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, iv. 44.
thizome stout. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 ft. long, 1-14 in.

broad ; base attenuate. Scapes 1-13 ft. long, with a few long sheaths
below; racemes subcorymbose, dense. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acu-
minate, 3—14} in. long. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Flowers yellow, with
purple-blue side lobes to the lip. Sepals elliptical-oblong, acute, 14-16
lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad. Petals oblong, 12-13 lin. long, 4-5 lin.
broad. Lip trilobed, 11-12 lin. long; side lobes roundish-oblong ;
front lobe obovate-suborbicular, obtuse ; disc with 2 keels at the base, in
front of which the nerves are somewhat fimbriate ; spur conical, slender,
24 lin. long. Column clavate, 24 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Lower Mlanje, 2500 ft. Whyte, 257!
Manganja Hills, at Cananda, Meller ! Nyasaland, Buchanan, 349! 1328! German
East Africa : Uganda, Wilson, 114! Portuguese East Africa: Morambala mountains,
3000 ft., Kirk !

44. E. Mechowii, Durand d Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 23.
Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Scape a little longer than the
leaves; raceme densely capitate. Sepals and petals not described.
Lip cuneate, trifid ; side lobes retrorse, obtuse-angled ; front lobe with
a narrow isthmus, dilated, obtuse-angled, denticulate and subemarginate
at the apex, velvety near the base; disc with a pair of keels, which
become fimbriate upwards, and bear some linear or filiform appendages
in front.—Orthochilus Mechowii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 532.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 300.

Only known to me from the original description.

45. E. Nuttii, Rolfe. Scape 1-14 in. long, rather slender, covered
with long imbricate sheaths; raceme subcorymbose. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 5-10 lin. long. Pedicels 6-7 lin. long. Lateral
sepals broadly oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 8-9 lin. long, dorsal one
much narrower, attenuate below. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, 5-6
lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6-7 lin. long, narrowed at the base; side lobes
oblong, with rounded apex; front lobe lanceolate, subobtuse ; dise with
a pair of acute keels, terminating in a tuft of fringes at the base of the
front lobe; spur narrowly oblong, 14-1? lin. long. Column clavate, 2
lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, south of Lake Tanganyika,
5250 ft., Nutt /

46. E. speciosa, Rolfe. Scape 1} ft. high; with about 3 basal
sheaths; raceme obtuse, 5-6-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate,
5-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Flowers mauve and white.
Sepals ovate-oblong, acute or apiculate, 11 lin. long. Petals elliptical-
oblong, acute or apiculate, 10 lin. long. Lip 9 lin. long, trilobed; side
lobes broadly rounded; front lobe broadly suborbicular; disc with 2
thickened, slightly pubescent keels at the base, very slightly barbate in
the centre; spur oblong, 1} lin. long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long;
foot short. `

64 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : between Lakes Tanganyika and Nyasa,
Johnston !

47. E. Carsoni, Rolfe. Rhizome articulate, with swollen joints.
Leaves linear, acute, 5-6 in. long (immature). Scape 10 in. high,
with 2-3 sheaths near the base; raceme 2 in. long, 8—10-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4—6 lin. long.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 5-6 lin. long. Petals lanceolate-oblong,
acute, 5-6 lin. long, rather broader than the sepals. Lip subtrilobed,
5-6 lin. long; side lobes very obtuse; front lobe very broadly oblong,
obtuse ; disc 3-nerved at the base, barbate on the nerves above; spur
clavate, 14 lin. long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Tanganyika Plateau, Fwambo, Carson !

48. E. subulata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 167. Scapes 1-1}
ft. high, with several basal sheaths; racemes 1-14 in. long. Bracts
linear-subulate, acuminate, 4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 8—9 lin. long. Petals
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 7-8 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 8—9 lin. long;
side lobes broadly oblong, obtuse; front lobe obovate, obtuse ; dise with
two keels at the base, veins not barbate above; spur slender, 14 lin.
long. Column clavate 2 lin. long; foot half as long as the column.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Uganda; Katonga River, on dry, rather bare
alluvium, Scott-Elliot, 7417!

49. E. Missionis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 168. Leaves
elongate-linear, acute, 1 ft. or more long, 3-4 lin. broad. Scapes 1} ft.
high, with a few rather long sheaths; racemes 3-3} in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5
lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute, 6-7 lin. long. Petals oblong,
subacute, 5-6 lin. long. Lip 5-6 lin. long, trilobed; side lobes
roundish-oblong ; front lobe obovate, obtuse or retuse; disc with a
pair of keels at the base, strongly papillose-barbate in front; spur
oblong, 1 lin. long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long; foot about as long as
the column.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; foot of Mount Mlanje,
4000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8618 !

50. E. Buchanani, Rolfe. Rhizome stout. Scapes 9-12 in.
high, with a few sheaths below; racemes 1-2 in. long, dense. Bracts
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-10 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin. long.
Sepals and petals lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 5-6 lin. long. Lip
pandurately trilobed, 5-6 lin. long; side lobes very short, rounded-
obtuse at the apex; front lobe broadly elliptical-oblong, apiculate,
crenulate ; disc with scarcely, if at all, thickened nerves ; spur oblong,
1} lin, long. Column stout, 2 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Shire Highlands, common in the wet
months, Buchanan, 316!

D

Hutophia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 65

51. E. Bainesii, Rolfe. Leaves about 5-7, tufted, linear, acute,
somewhat curved, 6-10 in. long. Scapes 1 ft. long, clothed with lanceo-
late, acuminate, imbricate sheaths; racemes short, few-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, 5—9 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals
oblong, lanceolate, acute, carinate, 9-10 lin. long. Petals broadly
elliptical-oblong, acute, 8-9 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 8-9 lin. long;
side lobes narrowly oblong, with a rounded apex; front lobe ovate-
oblong, subobtuse; dise with four crenulate keels on the lower half,
the two inner extending half-way along the front lobe, there
becoming more slender and barbate; midnerve thickened and barbate
in front ; spur saccate, obtuse, 4 lin. long. Column stout, 2 lin. long;
foot half as long as the column.

Tropical South Africa. Without locality, Baines /

52. E. flavopurpurea, Rolfe. Scape slender, 21 ft. high, with a few
distant sheaths below; racemes lax, 13 in. long, few-flowered. Bracts.
lanceolate, scarious, nearly as long as the ovary. Pedicels about ? in.
long. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 9-10 lin. long. Petals oblong-
ligulate, subobtuse, 9-10 lin. long, about 4 lin. broad, twice as broad as.
the sepals, yellowish-green. Lip ligulate, trifid, striped with pale
purple; side lobes semioblong, obtuse ; front lobe obcordate, crenulate ;.
disc with five teeth ; spur conical, retrorse, small, yellow at the apex.
Column trigonous.—Cyrtopera flavopurpurea, Reichb. f. Otia Bot.
Hamb. i. 68.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam, Schweinfurth, 3546!

53. E. Schweinfurthii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 54. Scape
22 in. high, very slender, with several sheaths; racemes lax, few-
flowered. Bracts linear-subulate, very narrow, 4—5 lin. long. Pedicels.
4-6 lin. long. Dorsal sepal nearly orbicular, apiculate, 4 lin. long and
about as broad; lateral subequal, a little broader than the dorsal.
Petals much smaller than the sepals, broadly ligulate, acute, 4 lin. Jong,
1} lin. broad. Lip trilobed ; side lobes erect, rhomboid, with a rounded
apex; front lobe oblong, acute, 5 lin. long; disc with three keels ex-
tending from the apex to the base of the lip. Keels elevated and
tuberculatge in front ; spur stout, straight, extinguisher-shaped. Column
3 lin, long, a little dilated above.
oo Land. British East Africa : Bongoland; near Tondy River, Schweinfurth,

fl.

Only known to me from the original description.,

54. E. holstiana, Kränzl. in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 157. Plant
slender, 24-31 ft. high. Leaves 2—3, very narrowly linear, acuminate..
Scape with a few basal sheaths; racemes 24-3 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, shorter than the ovary.
Flowers deep yellow, 6-7 lin. diam. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute, 4 lin.
long; dorsal a little narrower than the lateral. Petals oblong, sub-
obtuse, 34 lin. long, slightly denticulate. Lip trilobed; side lobes

VOL. VII. F

66 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Eulophia.

small, ovate-triangular, subobtuse; front lobe obovate, retuse, crenu-
late; disc strongly barbate in front, with 2 prominent lamellæ below
the middle; spur broadly conical, obtuse, } lin. long. Column clavate,
incurved, 14 lin. long; foot as long as the column.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xxii. 23.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa : Usambara; Simbili, on the eastern slope
of the Kombola-Kiranga Range, Holst, 2363 !

55. E. Shupangee, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C.157. Rhizome
tuberous. Leaves long petiolate, elongate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,
acute, 1-14 ft. long, }-1} in. broad. Scapes 2—5 ft. high, covered with
long, imbricate sheaths; racemes 3-6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4—14 in. long. Pedicels 6-9
lin. long. Flowers yellow, with orange-coloured hairs on the disc of the
lip. Sepais and petals oblong or lanceolate-oblong, acute, 6—9 lin. long.
Lip 5-7 lin. long, trilobed; side lobes triangular-oblong, subobtuse ;
front lobe broadly oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse or emarginate ; dise
with 2 basal keels behind, densely barbate in front ` spur oblong, 4—1 lin.
long. Column clavate, 3 lin. long—Cyrtopera Shupange, Reichb. f.
Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 116.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Marangu, 4000 ft., Volkens,
2117. Portuguese East Africa: Shupanga, Kirk! Banks of the Zambesi, near
Mazara, Meller ! Zambesi delta, among grass, Kirk ! British Central Africa : near
Sochi Hill, 3000 ft., Kirk ! Manganja Hills, Waller ! Magomoro Mission Station,
3000 ft., Kirk! Shire Highlands; top of Zomba Mountain, in marshy places,
Buchanan, 309! Blantyre, L. Scott !

56. E. Johnstoni, /o/fe. Leaves elongate-linear, acute, about 9 in.
long. Scapes 1} ft. high; racemes about 24 in. long, rather dense.
Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin.
long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 5—6 lin. long. Petals oblong or
elliptical-oblong, acute, 5-6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5—6 lin. long; side
lobes broadly oblong, obtuse; front lobe obovate, obtuse, denticulate;
disc with 2 keels at the base, becoming elevated into crenulate lamelle
below the middle; nerves sparingly barbate above with a few long
processes; spur very shortly saccate. Column clavate, 13-2 lin. long;
foot as long as the column.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Maungu, 2000 ft., Johnston !

57. E. Thomsoni, Xolfe. Scapes 1 ft. high, rather slender;
racemes subcapitate. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-8 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute or apiculate, 7-8 lin.
long. Petals elliptical-oblong, acute or apiculate, 6-7 lin. long. Lip
6-7 lin. long, trilobed ; side lobes broadly rounded, obtuse; front lobe
broadly suborbicular ; disc with about 5 hairy keels at the base, pubes-
cent above; spur conical, 1 lin. long. Column clavate, 3 lin. long; foot
short.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: between Lake Nyasa and Lake
Tanganyika, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson !

Eulophia] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 67

58. E. lata, Rolfe. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, acute, attenuate
into the petioles, 10 in. long, 10 lin. broad. Scapes 2—2} ft. high, with
several long, tubular, imbricate sheaths; racemes 3-4 in. long, dense-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8
lin. long. Sepals ovate, subobtuse, 6-7 lin. long. Petals ovate, sub-
obtuse, 5—6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5-6 lin. long; side lobes broadly
semiovate, obtuse; front lobe obovate ; disc ?-keeled at the base ; nerves
of the front lobe all densely papillose-barbate ` spur broadly conical, 2 lin.
long. Column clavate, 2 lin. long; foot nearly as long as the column.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa ; Fwambo, south of Lake Tanganyika, -
Carson, 13!

59. E. Walleri, Kränzl. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 157. Leaves
long petiolate, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 6-10
in. long, 6-10 lin. broad. Scapes 13-2} ft. high, clothed with long
imbricate sheaths; racemes 3-6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear,
acuminate, 1-1? in.long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Sepals linear-lanceo-
late, acute, 14-13 in. long. Petals similar to the sepals but a little
shorter. Lip trilobed, 7-8 lin. long; side lobes oblong, obtuse ; front
lobe lanceolate-oblong, obtuse; disc with two slight keels behind,
densely papillose-barbate in front; spur obsolete.—Cyrtopera Walleri,
Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii, 117.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, Waller ! Shire High-
lands, in marshy places, Buchanan, 311! South of Lake Victoria Nyanza, Hanning-
ton! Northern Bechuanaland, Leshumo Valley, Holub, 702!

60. E. aurantiaca, Rolfe. Leaves linear, acuminate, 6 in. long
(immature). Scapes 1-1} ft. high, with long sheaths, imbricate below ;
racemes 3-5 in. long, 8-10-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
5-8 lin. long. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Flowers orange. Sepals oblong-
lanceolate, acute or subacuminate, 1-1} in. long. Petals oblong, sub-
obtuse or apiculate, 3-1 in. long. Lip entire, broadly elliptical, emar-
ginate, 8-9 lin. long; dise 2-keeled below, densely barbate with long
hairs in the centre ; spur gibbous, 1 lin. long. Column clavate, 3 lin.
long; foot half as long as the column.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: between Lake Tanganyika and Lake
Nyasa, Johnston ! Tanganyika Plateau, Carson! Fwambo, Carson, 104!

61. E. manganjensis, Rolfe. Leaves petiolate, lanceolate, acute,
6-12 in. long, 14-1} in. broad, Scape 2} ft. high, stout, clothed with
long, imbricate, white sheaths ; racemes 6-8 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 5-12 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-8 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute, 7 lin. long. Petals
elliptical-oblong, subacute, 6 lin. long. Lip 6 lin. long, trilobed; side
lobes oblong, with a rounded apex; front lobe broadly elliptical-oblong,
obtuse, undulate; disc 3-keeled below the middle; spur conical-oblong,
l lin. long. Column clavate, incurved, 3 lin. long; foot half as long as
the column, ;

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands; near Mt. Sochi,
3000 ft., Kirk !

68 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). | Hulophia.

62. E. Woodfordii, Rolfe. Rhizome tuberous. Leaves lanceolate
or elongate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 8—18 in. long, 14—24 in. broad,
attenuate at the base into a sheathing petiole. Scapes 14-3 ft. high, with
several long sheaths below ; racemes 6-15 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
linear-lanceolate or linear, acuminate, 4—1 in. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin.
long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 7-10 lin. long; lateral adnate
to the foot of the column, forming a chin. Petals oblong or elliptical-
oblong, subacute or obtuse, 6-8 lin. long. Lip 7-10 lin. long, more or
less distinctly trilobed; side lobes broadly oblong, rounded or obtuse at
the apex; front lobe broadly ovate-orbicular, obtuse, undulate; disc
with four slightly thickened nerves at the base, and a pair of quadrate-
oblong, erect lamelle in the middle; nerves covered with long, barbate
processes in front ; spur broadly saccate. Column clavate, 4 lin. long;
foot half as long as the column.—Dendrobium longifolium, H. B. K., Nov.
Gen. & Sp. i. 360. Xylobiwm longifolium, Lindl. ex Spreng. Syst.
Veg. ii. 733. Mazillaria longifolia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 150.
Cyrtopera longifolia, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 668; Flora, 1865,
189. Cyrtopodium Woodfordii, Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 1814; Lindl. Bot.
Reg. t. 1508. Cyrtopera Woodfordii, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 189;
Lindl. Orch. Linden. 19; Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, ii. 19; Griseb. Fl..
Brit. W. Ind. 630. Cypripedium epidendricum, Vell. Fl. Flum. ix.
t. 64. Govenia barbata, Poepp. & Endl, Nov. Gen. & Sp. ii. 5, t. 107,
figs. a-d. Lissochilus amazonicus, Rodr. Gen. & Sp. Orch. Nov. i. 89.
Cyrtopera amazonica, Rodr. l.c. ii. 180. C. vellosiana, Rodr. l.c. ii. 179.
Paphiopedilum epidendricum, Pfitz. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 42.

Upper Guinea, Gold Coast, Burton and Cameron! Lagos, Millen !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, in swamps near the river Casabella,
Sobato de Bumba, Welwitsch, 664! Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 671!

Common in the West Indies and in Tropical America. It is interesting to find
this Tropical American plant in several different localities in Tropical Africa, but there
are grounds for suspecting it to have been introduced.

63. E. flexuosa, Kränzl. in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr.C. 157. Pseudobulbs
approximate, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 6-9 lin. long, 4—6-leaved. -Leaves
elongate-linear, acute, flaccid, 5-11 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad. Scapes
9-12 in. long, clothed with narrow white sheaths below, flexuous;
racemes very short, subcorymbose, few-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute,
2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin. long. Flowers white, with a few
bright purple spots on the petals and sides of the lip, and some yellow
in the centre. Sepals spreading, oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long; lateral
adnate to the foot of the column, forming a broad conical chin, 2 lin.
long. Petals spreading, linear-oblong, obtuse, with an attenuate base,
4 lin. long. Lip entire, recurved, oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long; disc
velvety. Column clavate, angulate, 14-2 lin. long; foot half as
long as the column.—Cyrtopera flexuosa, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1594,
363.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, cultivated specimens,
Smith !

Originally flowered at Kew in 1894.,

Eulophia.) CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 69

64. E. tayloriana, Rolfe. Plant epiphytic. Pseudobulbs approxi-
mate, with a short ovate-oblong base, 3-1 in. long, covered with loose
sheaths, crowned by a slender stem, 3—14 ft. high, covered with narrow
sheaths. Leaves chiefly basal, deciduous (persistent bases only seen).
Flowers white and pink, with some yellow on the lip, in axillary and
subterminal, few-fiowered fascicles, or short racemes on the upper part
of the stems, each fascicle having several ovate sheaths at its base.
Bracts ovate, acute, 3-1 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Sepals and
petals 4 lin. long; dorsal sepal and petals oblong, obtuse; lateral
sepals ovate-oblong, subobtuse, adnate to the foot of the column,
forming a saccate chin. Lip entire, oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse
or apiculate, 4 lin. long; disc very velvety and somewhat thickened
at the base; spur obsolete. Column stout, 1 lin. long; foot as long as
the column. Capsules linear-oblong, 10-16 lin. long.—Polystachya
tayloriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 385; Krinzl. in Engl.
PR, Ost-Afr. ©. 155.

Mozamb Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor !
British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, near Magomoro, growing on stems of
arborescent Hypoxis, Meller, 7! Kirk, 7!

A very remarkable species.

65. E. guineensis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 686. Pseudobulbs conical,
approximate, }-1 in. long. Leaves petiolate, lanceolate—obiong or
obovate-oblong, acute or apiculate, 4-12 in. long, 2-5 in. broad;
petioles La in. long. Scapes 2-3 ft. high, with several sheaths
below; racemes 8-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate,
acuminate, 4-10 lin. long. Pedicels 3-1 in. long. Flowers light
purple, with the sepals and petals often dusky brown. Sepals and
petals linear-lanceolate, acute or aeuminate, 1-14 in. long, 2-3 lin.
broad. Lip broadly ovate- or obovate-elliptical, obtuse, somewhat
undulate ; disc smooth; spur attenuate and slender from a conical
base, 3—1 in. long. Column clavate, 3 lin. long, broad above.—Lindl.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 181; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 131; Bot. Mag.
t 2467; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 818; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 530;
Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 66; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii.
App. ii. 90; Garden, xiv. 322, t. 277. Var. purpurata, Reichb. f. ex
Kotschy in Sitzb. Akad. Wissenschaft. Wien. li. (1865), 352; Will. Orch.
Alb. ii. t. 89. E quartiniana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 284, t. 81
(Saccolabium abyssinicum, on plate); Martelli, Florul. Bogos. 80.
Galeandra quartiniana, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 552. Eulophia
congoensis, Cogn. in Journ. Orch. vi. 155; Lindenia, xi. 15, t. £86.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: G. Don! Lagos, Millen, 186! Niger Territory :
Nupe, on shady rocks, Barter, 1485! Quorra, Vogel, 1!

Nile Land. Eritrea: Ginda, Donkollo, 2900-3300 ft., Schweinfurth, 125.
Abyssinia: Tigré, near Mai-goua-goua and near Ada-hensé, Quartin Dillon, Jur,
Schimper, Schweinfurth, 1672! Without locality, Schweinfurth !

Lower Guinea. Congo: Stanley Pool, Callewaert. Angola: Golungo Alto,
Kä ft., in woods, Welwitsch, 636! Seventy miles inland from Ambriz, in woods,

onteiro ! :

70 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Lissochilus.

11. LISSOCHILUS, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 536.

Sepals subequal, free, spreading or reflexed, the lateral some-
times adnate to the foot of the column. Petals erect, generally
much larger and broader than the sepals, and differently coloured.
Lip continuous with the foot of the column, more or less distinctly
trilobed; base variously saccate or calcarate; side lobes erect or
spreading; the middle one spreading or recurved; disc variously
cristate, lamellate, or sometimes smooth. Column erect, clavate,
more or less produced into a foot at the base; clinandrium oblique,
erect, entire. Anther terminal, operculate, incumbent, semiglobose,
conical or more or less bilobed at the apex, imperfectly 2-celled ;
pollinia 4, ovoid, united in pairs, affixed to a broad stipes and gland.
Capsules oblong or somewhat elongate, with prominent thickened
angles.—Terrestrial herbs. Stems creeping, often thickened into
rhizomes or tubers, leafy at the base. Leaves elongate, lanceolate
or linear, plicate. Scapes usually tall, variously sheathed below,
loosely racemose above. Flowers generally medium-sized or large,
rarely small. Bracts small or narrow.—Hypodematium, A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 286, t. 83.

A genus of about 100 species, most abundant in Tropical Africa, much less so in
Extra-tropical South Africa, and with three or four representatives in the Mascarene
Islands. It approaches Eulophia very closely, and has been reduced to it, but the
majority of the species are very easily separated by the small spreading or reflexed
petals, and the broad, often differently coloured petals.

Petals under 5 lin. long.
Spur oblong or narrow at the apex.
Lips 3-lobed.
Nerves of dise smooth and obscurely verrucose.

Petals under 2 lin. long . e . , 1. L. parvulus.
Petals 25-34 lin. long.
Petals nearly twice as broad as the sepals . 2. L. pyrophilus.
Petals and sepals subequal.
Spur 2 lin. long . S ‘ S , 3. L. microceras,
Spur 1 lin. long . - = S 4. L. heteroglossus.
Nerves of dise strongly verrucose . 5. L. pulchellus.
Lip pandurate . S ` S S à - 6. L. gracilior.
Spur saccate . : R S a S S . 7. L. verrucosus.

Petals } inch or more long,
Petals narrow, oblong or elliptical.
*Sepals spathulate or subspathulate (except in 16 and
perhaps in 12).
Petals not or scarcely twice as broad as the sepals.
Raceme 12—14-flowered and rather lax.
Sepals 3 lin, broad and obtuse. b - 8. L. angolensis.
Sepals 2 lin. or less broad and apiculate . 9. ZL. Antunesii.
Raceme 20-flowered or more, and rather dense 10. L. validus.
Petals at least twice as broad as the sepals,
Petals 2-2} lin. broad.
Front lobe of lip oblong or quadrate-oblong.
Lip subentire : ` : S . 11. L. longifolius.
Lip 3-lobed_. . : . e . 12. L. caricifolius.
Front lobe of lip linear-ligulate . S . 13. L. antennisepalus-

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE).
+tPetals 3 lin. or more broad.
Disc with three crenulate keels or lamelle.
Western species.
Lip subpandurate or rhomboid-oblong.

Spur conical-saccate, 24 lin. long . 14, L. lindleyanus,
Spur “cupulate, rounded,” minute . 15. L. platypterus.
Lip 3-lobed ` 5 S . 16. L. Bouliawongo.
Eastern or Central African species,
Bracts subobtuse 5 S S . 17. L. paludicolus,
Bracts acute or apiculate. S . 18. L. latus.
Dise of lip densely villous-scabridulous 19, L. Wilsoni.
*Sepals ligulate to elliptical-oblong, not distinctly
broadest towards the apex,
Keels of lip crested.
Spur broadly conical . . e 20. L., Millsoni.
Spur narrowly conical.
Inner pair of keels gibbous at the base 21. L. purpuratus.
Inner pair of keels semicircular and slender
at the base 5 e . 22, EL Heudelotii.
Keels of lip thickened or daa: but not ES
Keels of lip flexuose . 23. L. malangensis.
Keels of lip straight.
Keels of lips thickened a to the FAS
Lip trifid . S . 24, L. fallax.
Lip pandurate.
Keels of lip about seven . . 25. L. livingstonianus,
Keels of lip about three . 26. L. affinis.
Keels of lip obscure or thickened only at
the base.
Spur over 4 as long as the lip. - 27. L. cornigerus.
Spur scarcely } as long as the lip . 28. L. mediocris.

Petals broadly ovate-orbicular or orbicular-elliptical
(see also 18. L. latus).
*Front lobe of lip usually flat or nearly so ; petals
white or purple.
Bracts subulate-lanceolate, acuminate.
Disc of lip with a pair of calli in front of the spur.
Leaves elongate-linear.

Calli of lip obovate or oblong . . 29, L. arenarius,
Calli of lip linear . : . 30. L. Roscheri.
Leaves lanceolate or E E
Calli of dise quadrate.
Sepals acuminate . S dE dilectus. ;
Sepals subacute S 292. L. Monteiroi.
Calli of dise styliform- capitate . 33. L. stylites. `
Disc of lip without calli. g . 34. L. Buettner.
Bracts ovate or broad.
Upper part of spur long and narrow or acute.
Bracts and sepals acuminate. S
Keels of lip rather dwarf and slender . 35. L. Horsfallii.

Keels of lip elevated into tall crenulate

lamelle.
Spur acuminate . ° S S 36.
Spur acute ; : : oot.

Bracts and sepals obtuse or ‘apiculate.

L. porphyroglossus,
L, Sandersoni.

72 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

Spur conical,
Disc of lip three-keeled.
Disc of lip without basal calli . . 38. L. roseus.
Disc of lip with a pair of semicircular
calli behind : ` ` . 39. L. Ephippilum.
Disc of lip with a single dwarf callus

behind. . - S ; . 40. L. Alexandri.
Disc of lip five-keeled `. S . 41. L. Nyase.
Spur inflated underneath near the base . 42. L. macranthus.

Upper part of spur rather short and blunt,
Keels of lip rather dwarf and entire.
Petals 3-1 in. broad; front lobe of lip
4-6 lin. broad . . 43
Petals 1-14 in. broad ; front lobe of lip 8-9
lin. Droad. . . . 44,
Keels of lip elevated into tall oan lamelle,

L, elatus.
L
Front lobe of lip longer than broad, subacute 45, L. Welwitschit.
L
L

. giganteus.

Front lobe of lip broader than long, obtuse.
Disc of lip with five lamellæ . i , 46.
Disc of lip with three lamellæ Al-
** Front lobe of lip convex or with reflexed sides; petals
usually bright yellow, sometimes marked with
brown or red.
Disc of lip with a SE of erect calli in front of the

. Schweinfurthii.
. Elliotii.

spur . 48. L. congoensis.
Disc of lip with a transv erse > membrane at the base
of the front lobe . : . . 49, L. Frederici.

Dise of lip smooth or longitudinally keeled.
tSepals as long as the petals, or nearly so.

Bracts broadly ovate and subobtuse S , 50. L. Oatesii.
Bracts oblong or lanceolate and acute.
Spur slender, acute . x 3 è . 51. L. malanganus.

Spur rather stout, subobtuse.
Spur straight, or nearly so.
{Expanded flowers 1 in. or more diam.
Spur 2 lin. long, nearly as long as
the side lobes of the lip.
Sepals about half as broad as long,
Spur tapering almost to the
apex.
Petals rhomboid-ovate (West-
ern or central species),
Side lobes of lip broadly
oblong or snborbicular-
oblong
Side lobes of lip ligulate
Petals ovate (Eastern species)
Spur stout to near the apex.
Sepals more than half as broad as
long .
Spur about Lë lin. long, half to a
third as long as the side lobes.
Expanded flowers 14 in, diam.
Disc of lip three-keeled to near
the apex z e . 57. L. Erythree.

L, paiveanus,

L. renschianus.
L. papilionaceus,
L. Carsoni.

OU or Or Or
#

E

i
D

56. L. Grantiz.

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDE (ROLFE).
Disc of lip one-keeled above the
middle . e
Expanded flowers 1 in. diam,
Dise of lip with 3-5 obscurely
crenulate keels -
Disc of lip with 1-3 thickened
keels
Spur about 1 lin. long, Jess than a
fourth as long as the side lobes.
Side lobes of lip 3 lin. broad;
front lobe scarcely convex

- 58.

a biel.

53005 L

. Krebsii.

. Rueppellii.

. shirensis.

near the base . . 61. L. ruwenzoriensis.
Side lobes of lip 2 lin. broad ;
front lobe very convex near
the base.
Sepals acute e S . 62. L. oliverianus.
Sepals obtuse . ` . 63. E. Kikir.
tł Expanded flowers 3 in. diam, . 64. L. micranthus.
Spur reflexed at the apex . 65. L. Stuhlmanni.
+tSepals about half as long as the petals.
Spur under 3 lin. long.
Lip pandurate-oblongor obscurely trilobed.
Lip 6-7 lin. long; disc scarcely gib-
bous.
Front lobe of lip obtuse.
Leaves 3-1 in. broad.
Front lobe of lip half as broad as
the petals.
Disc of lip with 9 thick keels 66. L, calopterus.
Dise of lip with 5-7 smooth
keels . . 67. L. Volkensii.
Front lobe of lip not half as
broad as the petals . . 68. L. Taylori.
Leaves 3—5 lin. broad . . 69. L. graniticus.
Front lobe of lip acute or sub-
acute.
Front lobe of lip oblong, with
many keels 5 . 70. L. Mechowii.
Front lobe of lip ligulate, with
5 lamelle . . 71, L. orthoplectrus,
Lip 8-11 lin. long; dise distinctly gib-
bous . ` 2 S . 72. L. Wakefieldii.
Lip distinctly trilobed.
Side lobes of lip 2 lin. long S . 73. L. brevisepalus,
Side lobes of lip 3 lin. long a , 74, L. Rendlei.

Spur 3 lin. or more long.
Side lobes of lip under 2 lin. long.
Gibbosity of front lobe of lip regularly

curved (Angolan species) e ag
Gibbosity of front lobe of lip very ob-
lique (Zambesi species) DL

Side lobes of lip 3 lin. or more long.
Sepals acute.
Front lobe of lip very strongly gib-
bous,

. aurantiacus.

L. Holubi.

74 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

Front lobe of lip with strong
crenulate keels . : , 77. L. Kmithii.
Front lobe of lip with slightly
thickened smooth keels . 78. L. Johnstoni,
Front lobe of lip convex or slightly
gibbous.
Front lobe of lip longer than the
spur . e S . S
Front lobe of lip equalling or shorter
than the spur.
Sepals broadly ovate e . 80. LZ. monticolus,
Sepals oblong or ovate-oblong.
Narrowed apex of spur 14 lin,

79. L. Thomsoni,

long . S Š . 81. L. Krenzlinii.
Narrowed apex of spur 2-24
lin.dong ; . 82. L. milanjianus.

Sepals obtuse S . 83. L. saccatus.

1. L. parvulus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 196. Scapes 1 ft. or
more high, with several basal sheaths; racemes 4—6 in. long, lax.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 2—4 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long.
Sepals ovate-oblong, acute, 2 lin. long. Petals ovate, acute, 2 lin.
long. Lip trilobed, 2 lin. long; side lobes auriculate, somewhat round ;
front lobe elliptical-oblong, crenulate; dise with 5, thickened, obscurely
verrucose nerves; spur conical, 3—1 lin. long. Column stout, 14 lin.
long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Kavirondo; Samia, on open dry laterite,
Scott-Elliot, 7081 !

2. L. pyrophilus, Keichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 65, Rhizome
stout. Leaves not seen. Scapes 14 ft. high, with several loose
basal sheaths; racemes 6-10 in. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acute, 14-3 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Flowers
brown. Sepals oblong, apiculate, 2}-3 lin. long. Petals ovate or
ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 8 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 24 lin. long ;
side lobes semiovate-oblong or suborbicular-oblong, obtuse; front
lobe suborbicular-ovate, obtuse, obscurely crenulate; disc with 5
thickened, obscurely crenulate nerves, the lateral ones confluent in
ag ` spur conical, oblong, 1 lin. long. Column stout, 14 lin.
ong.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mittuland, near Kuraggera, Schweinfurth,
2795!

3. L. microceras, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 115. Leaves
elongate-linear, acuminate, 12—14 in. long. Scapes 3—14 ft. high, with
about 3 short sheaths below; racemes 6-7 in. long, many-flowere¢-
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 5-8 lin. long.
Sepals oblong, acute, 3 lin. long. Petals broadly elliptical, obtuse, 3-34
lin. long. Lip trilobed, 34 lin. long ; side lobes roundish-oblong, apicu-
late ; front lobe suborbicular-oblong, obtuse, crenulate; disc flat, with

Lissochilus.] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 75
5 keels; spur narrowly conical, slightly curved, 3 lin. long. Column
stout, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands; Mt. Sochi,
3000 ft. Kirk (Eulophia 4)! near Mt. Chiradzulu, in open places among short grass,
Kirk! Manganja Hills, Analizewa, 3000 ft., Meller !

4. L. heteroglossus, eicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 115.
Scapes 8-9 in. long, with 2-3 imbricate, basal sheaths; racemes 6 in.
long, lax. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 2—4 lin. long. Pedicels
4-5 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong, subobtuse, 24-3 lin. long ;
petals a little broader than the sepals. Lip trilobed, 2}~3 lin. long ;
side lobes semiovate, subacute ; front lobe broadly oblong or elliptical-
oblong, emarginate, slightly crenulate; disc 5-keeled; spur oblong-
cylindrical, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column short, apiculate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Upper Shire Valley, near Zemika,
2000 ft., Kirk !

5. L. pulchellus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 196. Scape
6-9 in. high, with several loose basal bracts; racemes 4-6 in. long,
laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Sepals oblong, subobtuse, 3 lin. long ; lateral
adnate to the foot of the column. Petals broadly ovate, subobtuse,
35 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 34 lin. long; side lobes oblong, obtuse, $
adnate to the column ; front lobe elliptical-oblong, obtuse, crenulate ;
disc with ‘several minutely verrucose nerves, somewhat convex in the
middle of the front lobe; spur conical, 2 lin. long. Column stout,
1} lin. long ; foot short.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe; Kibwera, 4000-5000 ft.,
in dry places after burning, Scott-Elliot, 8126!

6. L. gracilior, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 194. Scape slender,
1-1} ft. high, with a few short tubular sheaths below; racemes
3—4-flowered, lax. Bracts subulate or lanceolate-subulate, acuminate,
3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 3-1 in. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, apicu-
late, 4-4} lin. long. Petals elliptical-oblong, obtuse or minutely apicu-
late, 4-41 lin. long. Lip subpandurate, 44—5 lin. long ; base auriculate,
broadly rounded; front lobe quadrate, obtuse or emarginate ; disc
convex with 5-7 fleshy, slightly crenulate keels, two of them being
stouter and gibbous in front of the spur; spur conical, 2 lin. long.
Column clavate, 24 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Urundi, N. of Lake Tanganyika,
4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8173, in part! British Central Africa: Shire Highlands,
at Mandala, Scott-Elliot, 8499!

Var angusta, Rendle, Le, 195. Differs in its rather narrower segments, and the
slightly thicker nerves of the disc.

Wile Land. British East Africa: on dry grassy hills, east of Lake Albert Edward
Nyanza, Scott-Elliot, 8075!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
8209 !

76 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Zissochilus.

7. L. verrucosus, Kolfe. Scape 6-9 in. high, with a few loose
basal sheaths ; racemes 24-3 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 2-4 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Sepals
ovate or ovate-oblong, acute or subacute, 3 lin. long. Petals orbicular
or broadly ovate-orbicular, obtuse, 3} lin. long. Lip trilobed, 34 lin.
long; side lobes broadly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe orbicular-oblong,
obtuse ` disc with several thick and almost confluent verrucose nerves ;
spur obtusely saccate, nearly obsolete. Column stout, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1067!

8. L. angolensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 64. Rhizome
stout. Leaves linear-lanceolate, subacute, attenuate below, 5-9 in.
long, ?-1} in. broad. Scapes over 14 ft. long; base not seen ; racemes
9 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, }—1 in.
long. Pedicels 10-12. lin. long. Sepals subspathulate-oblong, obtuse,
concave, somewhat fleshy, 9 lin. long. Petals elliptical-oblong, obtuse,
membranous, subconcave. Lip trilobed, 9 lin. long ; side lobes oblong,
obtuse and undulate at the apex ; front lobe quadrate, obtuse, reflexed
and undulate at the sides; disc with 3 approximate keels, crenulate at
the base of the front lobe, suddenly enlarged into calli below the
middle ; spur saccate, truncate, broader than long, united at the sides
to the foot of the column. Column clavate, incurved, 5 lin. long;
foot half as long as the column.—Cymbidium angolense, Reichb. f. in
Flora, 1865, 188.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, near Quibbe and Neala, in open marshy
places near rivers, Welwitsch, 734!

ive)

9. L. Antunesii, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 236. Scapes
11-1} ft. long, with a few short sheaths below; racemes 6-7 in.
long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,
acuminate, 5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 10-12 lin. long. Sepals narrowly
subspathulate, with a minute apiculus, dark, somewhat fleshy,
9-11 lin. long. Petals oblong, obtuse, attenuate below, membranous,
8-9 lin. long. Lip pandurate-oblong, 9-10 lin. long; side lobes
rounded-oblong ; front lobe quadrate-oblong, obtuse; dise with three
crenulate keels; spur conical-saceate, obtuse, 14 lin. long. Column
clavate, 6 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 19!

10. L. validus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 197. Scapes stout,
3 ft. or more long, with a few short bracts; racemes 1 ft. long,
many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse or
acute, 4-8 lin. long. Pedicels 9-12 lin. long. Sepals subspathulate-
obiong, obtuse, 8-10 lin. long, slightly concave at the apex. Petals
elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 8-10 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 10-12 lin.
long; side lobes narrowly oblong, obtuse at the apex ` front lobe
quadrate-oblong, obtuse, undulate; disc with 3 rounded, fleshy keels,

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). TL
stouter at the base, becoming elevated into crenulate lamellæ at the
apex ; spur conical-saccate, 3 lin. long. Column clavate, 5-6 lin. long.
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Urundi, Scott-Elliot, 8347!
Var. minor, Rendle, Le, 197. Flowers slightly smaller than in the type.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Uganda; Kampala, Scott-Elliot, 7305!
This probably only represents a less vigorous plant,

11. L. longifolius, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, 530. Rhizome
thickened. Leaves elongate-linear, acute, 2-24 ft. long, 4-6 lin.
broad. Scapes 21-3 ft. long, with a few short bracts below; racemes
5 in, long, lax. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. long.
Pedicels 11-13 lin. long. Flowers white and red. Sepals very
narrowly spathulate, obtuse, 6-8 lin. long. Petals oblong or elliptical-
oblong, apiculate, 5-6 lin. long. Lip subentire, 8 lin. long; side
lobes rounded; front lobe quadrate-oblong, obtuse or emarginate,
undulate; disc with 3 dwarf, rounded keels below and 5 papillose-
crested keels above; spur conical-saccate, obtuse, 1-11 lin. long.
Column clavate, 44 lin. long; anther apiculate—Lind]. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. vi. 133, in part; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 553; Flora,
1878, 77; Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 65.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Grand Bassa, Vogel, 8! Ansell! Bonny, in
open, dry savannahs, Kalbreyer (ex Reichenbach).

12. L. caricifolius, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 74. Leaves linear,
acute, strongly veined, 2 ft. long. Scapes elongate, with a few
sheaths ; apex few-flowered. Bracts triangular, much exceeded by the
pedicellate ovary. Sepals linear-ligulate. Petals oblong. Lip cucullate,
trilobed in front ; side lobes rather obtuse; front lobe semioblong ; disc
with 3 keels extending from the base on to the middle lobe, there
becoming densely muriculate ; spur short, conical, ascending, curved.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon, Griffon de Bellay.

Only known to me from the original description, where it is said to be allied to
L. longifolius, Benth., but the lip is very different.

13. L. antennisepalus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 533. Sepals
cuneately linear-ligulate, obtuse, narrow ; base cuneate. Petals ligulate,
obtuse. Lip trilobed; side lobes short, semiovate; front lobe linear-
ligulate, obtuse, somewhat crisped; disc with 3 elevated, denticulate
keels at the base and 5 muriculate lines in front ; spur conical, apiculate,
retrorse, or straight and deflexed, minute. Column trigonous, apicu-
late; anther with a single obtuse tubercle.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 419.

Only known to me from the original description.

14. L. lindleyanus, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 65. Rhizome
stout, creeping. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acute, 2-3 ft. long,
8-12 lin. broad. Scapes 4-6 ft. long, with several sheathing bracts
below and sometimes a side branch above; racemes 6-12 in. long,
laxly many-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, sub-

78 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

acute, 24-8 lin. long. Pedicels 9-10 lin. long. Flowers yellow.
Sepals subspathulate, obtuse, 7-8 lin. long. Petals broadly elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, 7-8 lin. long. Lip subpandurate-oblong, 8-9 lin. long;
side lobes rounded, undulate; front lobe quadrate-oblong, obtuse or
emarginate; disc with 2 stout, rounded keels below, nearly obsolete
in the middle, elevated into 8 crenulate lamelle above the base of the
front lobe ` spur conical-saccate, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Column clavate,
5 lin. long.—Z. longifolius, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe, vi. 133, in part
{not Benth. ).

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, inswamps, Barter, 1486!

15. L. platypterus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 533. Sepals
oblong-ligulate from a very narrowly cuneate base, very narrowly
antenneform, subacute. Petals elliptical, obtuse, very large. Lip
rhomboid-oblong, retuse, obtuse-angled on either side, plicate, crispu-
late in front; disc with 3 rhomboid, elevated keels, denticulate in
front, of which the lateral become bivalved at the apex by the addi-
tion of two smaller ones; spur cupulate, rounded, minute. Column
obtuse-angled at either side below the clinandrium; apex apiculate.
Anther with two horns.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Wechow, 415.

Only known to me from the original description.

16. L. Bouliawongo, feichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 188. Scapes
strong, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, slightly emarginate on
each side near the apex, 1 in. long. Pedicels longer than the bracts.
Flowers larger than in Galeandra Baueri, Lindl. Sepals lanceolate,
acute. Petals dilated, oblong, acute; base cuneate. Lip trilobed ;
side lobes obtuse-angled ; front lobe broadly ligulate, retuse, crisped ;
disc with 3 elevated keels; spur short, conical. Column semiterete ;
anther crested, shortly 2-horned at the apex.—Rolfe in Gard. Chron.
1893, xiii. 684; Galeandra Bouliawongo, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852,
935; Walp. Ann. vL 650.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: without locality (ex Reichenbach.)

Only known to me from the original description. It is said to be called Boulia
Wongo and used as a remedy against colic.

17. L. paludicolus, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 63. Rhizome
stout. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acute, 14-2 ft. long, 7-9 lin. broad.
capes 2}—3 ft. long, with a few sheaths below ; racemes 9-10 in. long,
laxly many-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate,
2-4 lin. long. Pedicels 12-14 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Sepals
narrowly subspathulate, obtuse, 7—8 lin. long. Petals oblong or elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, 7-8 lin. long. Lip obscurely trilobed or pandurate-
oblong, 8-9 lin. long; side lobes very short, broadly rounded; front
lobe subquadrate, obtuse or emarginate; disc with 3 keels, becoming
elevated, crenulate lamelle in front, and the lateral also thickened
behind ; spur saccate, obtuse, 24-3 lin. long. Column clavate, 5-54 lin.
Ong.

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 79

Nile Land, British East Africa: Niamniam, North of the Ibba River, Schwein-
furth, 3983!

18. L. latus, Rolfe. Racemes 6-8 in. long, many-flowered ; base
of scape not seen. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 3—5 lin. long. Pedicels
3-1} in. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 8—9 lin. long. Petals broadly
subspathulate, obtuse, 8-9 lin. long. Lip pandurate, oblong, 9—10 lin.
long; side lobes short, broadly rounded; front lobe quadrate, obtuse
or emarginate, undulate; dise with 3 crenulate keels, becoming elevated
lamelle in front, and the lateral also broad and thick behind ; spur
conical-saccate, 3-34 lin. long. Column clavate, 5 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Lake Moero, Carson, 28!

19. L. Wilsoni, Xolfe. Scapes 1-1} ft. high, slender, with a few
short sheaths, Bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, 2—3 lin. long.
Pedicels 8-10 lin. long. Flowers white and pink. Sepals narrowly
subspathulate, obtuse, 8—9 lin. long; lateral nearly free trom the foot
of the column. Petals elliptical, obtuse, 7—8 lin. long. Lip pandurate-
oblong, obtuse, undulate ; disc verrucose or villous-scaberulous in front ;
ted broadly saccate, 1} lin. long. Column clavate, 4—5 lin. long ; foot
short.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Usongora, swampy plains, Wilson, 23!

20. L. Millsoni, Rolfe. Scape 2-24 ft. high, with a few sheaths
below ` racemes 6-8 lin. long, lax. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
4-11 lin. long. Pedicels 8-11 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 11-13 lin. long. Petals oblong or elliptical-oblong,
obtuse, or subacute, 10-11 lin. long. Lip trilobed or subentire,
11-13 lin. long; side lobes narrowly oblong, obtuse, erect; front lobe
suborbicular, obtuse, undulate ; dise with 3—5 slender keels behind and
about 9 stouter crenulate ones on the front lobe; spur conical, obtuse,
13-2 lin. long. Column clavate, 4—5 lin. long; foot half as long as the
column.

Upper Guinea. Western Lagos: Ilorin, on savannahs, Rowland! Yoruba,
Ayorun, Millson, 86!

Lower Guinea? Upper Congo, Dybowski !

21. L. purpuratus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 133 (331 by
error). ‘Tubers like kidney potatoes, in chains nearly a yard long.”
(Barter.) Leaves elongate-linear, acute, 1-1} ft. long, 3-5 lin. broad.
Scapes 3-44 ft. high, with several short sheaths below; racemes
9-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts subulate-lanceolate, long
acuminate, 3-1 in. long. Pedicels }-1} in. long. Flowers rose or
flesh-coloured, with a purple lip. Sepals oblong, acute or subobtuse,
a little undulate, 9-12 lin. long; dorsal a little shorter than the
lateral. Petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, a little undulate, 9-12 lin.
long, nearly twice as broad as the sepals. Lip trilobed, 10-12 lin.
long; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe ovate-oblong, obtuse ;
disc with two prominent or muricate-tuberculate keels in the

80 CXXXIIH. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus-

centre; spur conical, with an acute apex, 14-2 lin. long.—Reichb. f.
in Flora, 1865, 188; Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 63; u. 75, 114;
Limodorum cristatum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. 86; Pers. Syn.
Pl. ii. 521; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 185; Hulophia cristata, Steud.
Nom. Bot. ed. II. i. 605; Limodorum articulatum, Schum. & Thonn.
Beskr. Guin. Pl. 399; Eulophia articulata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch.
181; Galeandra longibracteata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 133;
Eulophia longibracteata, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 22.

Upper Guinea. North bank of the River Gambia: Ozanne, 21! Gambia:
Bathurst, in dry sandy soil, Haydon! Guinea, Thonning ! Sierra Leone : on dry
ground near Franziga, Scott-Elliot, 5047! and without precise locality, Afzelius !
Whitfield! Lagos: Yoruba, Millson, 24! Western Lagos, in grassy savannahs,
Rowland ! Abbeokuta, Barter, 3331! Irving, 154! Bornu: Musgu, at the root of
the Doom Palm, Vogel, 75!

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur, Schweinfurth, 1584. Niamniam,
Schweinfurth, ser. 2, 22 (ex Durand & Schinz).

Lower Guinea? Upper Congo: Dybowski !

22. L. Heudelotii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 63;ii.114. Peduncle
tall, with acute sheaths below; racemes 8 in. long. Bracts linear-
lanceolate or subulate, 7 lin. long. Sepals ligulate, obtuse, membranous,
7 lin. long. Petals oblong, subobtuse, membranous, 7 lin. long. Lip
trilobed ; side lobes obtuse-angled ; front lobe oblong, ligulate, serrate
denticulate, extending forwards; disc witha pair of semicircular lamelle
in front of the spur, and 5 crenulate keels about the middle; spur
arcuate, short, retrorse. Column trigonous. Anther with a single
short horn at the apex.

Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot !

Only known to me from the original description, but according to Reichenbach

it is near L. purpuratus, Lindl., from which it is distinguished by the arrangement of
the keels on the lip.

23. L. malangensis, Leichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 114. Scapes
tall, with large sheaths; racemes elongate, 10 in. long, very lax-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, aristate, not half as long as the pedicels.
Sepals ligulate, apiculate. Petals oblong. Lip oblong, with very
obscure rounded auricles at the base; disc with 7 flexuose keels, the
pair next to the median one gibbous in front of the spur ; spur shortly
conical, rounded-capitate at the apex.—Durand & Schinz, Conspect-
Fl. Afr. v. 29, in part.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 261.

Only known to me from the original description.

24. L. fallax, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 114, 115. Leaves
lanceolate, acuminate, produced shortly before flowering. Scapes
slender, 2—3 ft. high, with a few sheaths ; racemes lax. Bracts very nar-
rowly setaceous from a triangular base, not half as long as the pedicels.
Flowers lilac. Sepals ligulate, acute. Petals oblong, apiculate. Lip
pandurately trilobed; side lobes semiovate ; front lobe oblong, eren:
late ; disc with 7 straight keels, the pair next to the median one gibbous

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 81

in front of the spur; spur short, conical, apiculate. Column clavate ;
anther minutely apiculate.—Reichb. f. in Flora, 1885, 379.
Wile Land. British East Africa; Mombasa, among grass, Hildelrandt, 1951,
Also found in the Comoro Islands. I have not seen the Mombasa plant.

25. L. livingstonianus, Reichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 114,
Rhizome stout. Scapes 14-24 ft. high, with a few sheaths below;
racemes 4-10 in, long, lax. Bracts linear-lanceolate or subulate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 3-9 lin. long. Pedicels 3-1 in. long. Flowers
purple, or the sepals and petals white, veined with purple. Sepals
oblong, apiculate, 6-8 lin. long. Petals elliptical, obtuse or minutely
apiculate, 5-7 lin. long. Lip pandurate-oblong, obtuse, undulate,
convex, with reflexed sides, 5-7 lin. long; basal auricles broadly
rounded or obtuse ; disc with 2 prominent lamellz in front of the spur,
and 5-9 more or less prominent, sometimes crenulate, keels or slightly
thickened nerves in the middle. Spur narrowly conical, 24-3 lin. long.
Column clavate, 4—5 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Uganda, common in grassy jungles, Wilson,
40! Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, Waller! Meller
(Lissochilus 4)! Mlanje Mountain, MeClounie! Whyte ! Shire Highlands, in woods
between Blantyre and Metope, Scott !

26. L. affinis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 193. Scapes 14-21 ft.
high, with 3 short sheaths below; racemes about 6-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate-subulate, acute, 3-4 lin. long. Pedicels 9-11 lin. long.
Sepals elliptic-oblong, apiculate, 8-9 lin. long. Petals broadly ellip-
tical, obtuse or minutely apiculate, 8-9 lin. long. Lip subentire, ellip-
tic-oblong, obtuse, undulate, convex, with reflexed sides, cordate-
auriculate at the base, 8-10 lin. long ; dise with 3 obtuse, fleshy keels
about the middle, and the nerves in front somewhat swollen; spur
conical, subobtuse, 3-3} lin. long. Column clavate, 4 lin. long.

a Dist. German East Africa; Urundi, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
8173!

27. L. cornigeras, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 194. Scapes
1}-2 ft. high, with a few short sheaths below ` racemes about 5 in.
long, 8-10-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 6—9 lin. long.
Pedicels 9—10 lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, apiculate or aristate,
8-9 lin, long. Petals elliptic-oblong, apiculate, 8-9 lin. long. Lip
broadly pandurate-oblong, obtuse, 8-9 lin. long; side lobes auricu-
late, broadly rounded; dise with 2 obtuse, very prominent, fleshy
keels, gibbous in front of the spur, much smaller above; nerves of the
disc very slightly thickened ; spur horn-shaped, recurved, 3-34 lin. long.
Column clavate, 4 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: East side of Albert Edward Nyanza, at
Kahimbe, in dry grassy plains, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8031!

Var, minor, Rendle, Le, 194. Plant smaller, Flowers smaller and of a deeper
colour,

Wile Land, British East Africa; Buddu, Scott-Elliot, 7486!

Hardly distinguishable from the type.
VOL. VIL S

82 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

28. L. mediocris, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 193. Scapes 24 ft.
or more high, with a few sheaths; racemes lax (imperfect). Bracts
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 7 lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long. Sepals
oblong-lanceolate, acute or apiculate, somewhat curved at the apex,
9-11 lin. long. Petals obovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, 9—11. lin.
long. Lip subpandurate-oblong, obtuse, 10—11 lin. long, slightly un-
dulate, cordate-auriculate at the base ; disc with a pair of tall, narrow,
suborbicular lamelle in front of the spur, passing into very slightly
thickened nerves; spur conical, subobtuse, 2} lin. long. Column
clavate, 5 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Kavirondo, at Samia, 4000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
7128!

29. L. arenarius, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 133. Rhizome
stout, flattened. Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, 1-1} ft.
long, 4-6 lin. broad. Scapes 2-34 ft. high, with several long sheaths
below ; racemes 4-8 in. Jong, 6-10-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate,
acuminate, 3-14 in. long, #—-1 lin. broad. Pedicels $-1 in. long.
Flowers usually borne in advance of the leaves, purple, with dusky or
olivaceous sepals, and some yellow inside the spur. Sepals triangular-
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 8-15 lin. long. Petals broadly elliptical
or suborbicular, 8-15 lin. long. Lip broadly pandurate, 10-15 lin.
long; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe very broad, truncate or
emarginate; disc with a pair of quadrate, oblong-obovate or transversely
oblong calli in front of the spur, and the median nerve more or less
thickened and crenulate, sometimes distinctly keeled ; spur saccate,
obtuse, 3-5 lin. long. Column clavate, 5-8 lin. long.—Reichb. f. Otia
Bot. Hamb. i. 61; ii. 75; N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1885, xxiv.
307. Eulophia arenaria, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 185. Zimo-
dorum cucullatum, Afzel. ex. Sw. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1800,
243 (name only); Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 521.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Falaba, on bare ground, lately burnt, Scott-
Elliott, 5144! and without precise locality, Afzelius ! Yoruba, Millson, 23! Niger
Territory : Nupe, savannahs in a sandy soil, Barter, 1488! without locality, Baikie !

Lower Guinea? Upper Congo, Dybowski !

Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur, Schweinfurth, 1864! Mombasa,
Hildebrandt, 1950! Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor! Nyika country, near
Mombasa, Wakefield! E. side of Albert Edward Nyanza, on dry grassy hills at
4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8032! Lake Albert Nyanza; Unyoro, in grassy jungle,
Wilson, 38!

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk! German East Africa: Uyui, Taylor !
Kilimanjaro, 5000-6000 ft., Taylor ! below Marangu, 3900 ft., Volkens, 2115!
Msalala, Hannington ! Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi District ; Shupanga, Kirk!
Meller! near Morambala, Kirk ! Zambesi Delta; Kongoni River, Kirk ! British
Central Africa : Shire Highlands, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8621! Mlanje, Whyte!
Manganja Hills, Kirk ! North Nyasaland, Elephant Marsh in M‘Kyusa’s country, Scott !
ig Gergen ! Nyasaland, Buchanan! Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! Fwambo,

arson, H

A very widely diffused and variable species, found also in the Comoro Islands and
Natal.

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 83

30. L. Roscheri, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 62. Leaves
linear, acuminate. Racemes few-flowered. Flowers small, lilac.
Sepals triangular, acuminate, 6 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base.
Petals elliptical, 6 lin. long, 14 lin. broad. Lip pandurate, ł in. long;
side lobes very broad, obtuse-angled ; front lobe distinctly narrower
than the side lobes, emarginate or bilobed ; dise with 4 small keels at
the base in front of the spur ; spur obtuse. Anther obtuse, conical, not
horned.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; at Bongo on the river Gefal,
Heuglin.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Roscher.

Only known to me from the original deseription, but is possibly a small-flowered
form of the variable Z. arenarius, Lindl., as the description does not indicate any very
-essential difference.

31. L. dilectus, Reich. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 62. Rhizome stout.
Leaves petiolate, lanceolate, acuminate, 9—12 in. long, 4-14 in. broad.
Scapes 21~3 ft. high ; racemes 6 in. long, about 4—9-flowered. Bracts
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-1 in. long. Pedicels 1-1} in. long.
Sepals triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, undulate, 10-12 lin. long.
Petals broadly elliptical, obtuse, 11-12 lin. long, 8-9 lin. broad.
Lip broadly pandurate or trilobed, 15-18 lin. long; side lobes rounded ;
front lobe very broadly obovate, truncate or emarginate at the apex;
‘dise with a pair of quadrate calli in front of the spur; spur saccate,
obtuse, 3—4 lin. long. Column clavate, incurved, 8 lin. long.—Z. arena-
rius, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 188 (not Lind1.).

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; Cuanza River and Luxillo River,
-3800 ft., in thickets, Welwitsch, 686 !

Very near Z. arenarius, Lindl., but differs in its broader leaves, which appear
‘with the inflorescence, and in its usually larger flowers.

Var. minor, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 533. Plant smaller and more slender.
Leaves only half as broad. Lip with more slender calli.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 314, 528.

32. L. Monteiroi, Rolfe. Pedicels 1} in. long. Sepals lanceolate-
‘oblong, acute or shortly acuminate, 16-17 lin. long. Petals suborbicu-
lar-elliptical, 15-16 lin. long. Lip broadly pandurate or trilobed, 16—
17 lin. long; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe transversely
oblong, truncate or retuse; dise with a pair of large, narrow, rounded
‘calli in front of the spur, and 1-2 narrow, crenulate keels on the base of
the front lobe ; spur saccate, very obtuse, 3 lin. long. Column clavate,
11 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Benguela, on wild fig-trees, Monteiro !

Like a giant form of L. dilectus, Reichb. J., the flowers being much larger, but
the sepals are less acuminate.

_ 33. L. stylites, Reichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 61; ii. 75. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, acute, attenuate at the base into a petiole, 2 ft. long,
12-15 lin. broad. Peduncles 6-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate,
long aristate or acuminate, 3-1 in. long. Pedicels 1 in, long. Sepals

84 CXXXII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Zissochilus-

triangular, aristate or acuminate, 10-15 lin. long. Petals broadly
elliptical, obtuse, 12-13 lin. long, 8-9 lin. broad. Lip very broadly
pandurate, emarginate or bilobed, obtuse-angled, 1-14 in. long, and
broad; dise with a pair of styliform, capitate or bilobed calli in front
of the spur, and the median nerve slightly thickened and obscurely
crenulate below ; spur saccate, very obtuse, 3-4 lin. long.—Reichb. f.
in Flora, 1885, 379.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 203, and without locality,
1500-1800 ft., Micholitz !

South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; near Munsa, Scheweinfurth,
ser. ii, 21!

Closely allied to Z. dilectus, Reichb. f. and chiefly differing in the styliform crest.
I have not seen the original specimens, but the one collected by Micholitz apparently
belongs to the same species. It is also found in the Comoro Islands, according to
Reichenbach,

34, L. Buettneri, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 53. Scapes
strong, over 3 ft. high, with 7-8 acute sheaths; racemes about 30-
flowered. Bracts narrowly lanceolate, aristate, shorter than the ovary.
Flowers red, 1-1} in. diam. Sepals ligulate, acute and apiculate.
Petals obovate, twice as broad as the sepals, retuse or emarginate, with
an apiculus in the sinus. Lip trilobed ; side lobes erect, triangular,
rounded at the apex ; front lobe narrowly cuneate below, much dilated
and bilobed above, with an apiculus in the sinus; spur very obtusely
saccate. Column a third as long as the lip, dilated above and very slen-
derly margined.

Upper Guinea. Togoland; Bismarcksburg, Augauje Steppe, Büttner, 415.

Only known to me from the original description, where the affinity is not stated.

35. L. Horsfallii, Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5486. Rhizome stout.
Leaves elongate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 2-3 ft. long, 3—4 in. or
more broad. Scapes about 4 ft. high, with several sheaths; racemes
12-16 in. long. Bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate,
qZ-14 in. long. Pedicels 14-2} in. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong,
acute or subacuminate, 9-11 lin. long, purple; lateral adnate to the
foot of the column. Petals suborbicular-elliptical, obtuse or subapicu-
late, 10-12 lin. long, pinkish-white. Lip trilobed, 12-13 lin. long;
side lobes broadly rounded, and green veined with brown; front lobe
ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, undulate, purple; disc with 3
dwarf, crenulate keels about the middle; spur conical, with an acute
apex, 3—4 lin. long. Column clavate, 6—7 lin. long ; foot half as long as
the column.—Batem. Sec. Cent. Orch. t. 121; Reichb. f. in Flora,
1865, 188; Krianzl. in Engl. Jahrb. vii. 439.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar River, cultivated specimens, Cheetham !

Lower Guinea. Gaboon, Soyauz (ex Krénzlin). Lower Congo, near Ponto
da Lenha, Naumann, 157 (ex Krénzlin ).

Mozamb. Dist. Manganja Hills, near Chipindu, 2000 ft., Kirk !

Originally flowered in the collection of J. B. Horsfall, Esq., in 1864.

36. L. porphyroglossus, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 61. Leaves
elongate-lanceolate, acuminate, long petiolate, 34 ft. long, 13 in. broad,

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 85

Scapes tall, base not seen; racemes 1 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts
ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate, #-1] in. long. Pedicels 1-14 in.
long. Sepals elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or shortly
acuminate, 10—12 lin. long; lateral wholly adnate to the foot of the
column. Petals suborbicular, minutely apiculate, 12—13 lin. long, pale
lilac. Lip trilobed, 1} in. long, purple; side lobes broadly rounded ;
front lobe suborbicular-ovate, subobtuse, a little undulate ; dise with 3
tall, crenulate, narrow lamellæ behind, and 5 in front, all the nerves
of the lip slightly thickened; spur broadly conical at the base, narrow
and acute above, 4 lin. long. Column clavate, 6-7 lin. long; foot half
as long as the column.—Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 30, in
part. Hulophia porphyroglossa, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 185,
in part.
A Nile Land. British East Africa : Niamniam ; near the Hoo River, Schweinfurth,
2863 !

South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; near Munsa, Schweinfurth,
ser. ii. 22!

Bolus reduces Z. Sandersoni, Reichb. f. to this species, but it is certainly
different,

37. L. Sandersoni, Beicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 62 (not Harv.).
Rhizome stout. Leaves long petiolate, lanceolate, acuminate, 13-24 ft.
long, 2—4 in. broad; petioles 1-14 ft. long. Scapes 4-7 ft. high, stout,
with a few sheaths below; racemes 9—12 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, }-1} in. long. Sepals oblong-
lanceolate, acute or subacuminate, 10-12 lin. long, green. Petals ovate-
orbicular, 1-1} in. long, white. Lip trilobed, 1-1} in. long; side lobes
semiorbicular ; front lobe ovate, obtuse; dise with 3 smooth keels
below, and 3-5 taller crested ones on the base of the front lobe; spur
conical, 14 lin. long. Column clavate, 8 lin. long.—Gard. Chron. 1885,
xxiv. 17 (Saundersonii by error); Bot. Mag. t. 6858.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Shire Highlands, in very wet places only,
Buchanan, 300!

Also found in Natal.

38. L. roseus, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. 25; 1844, t. 12.
Rhizome stout. Leaves lanceolate or elongate-lanceolate, acuminate,
long petiolate, 2-3 ft. long, 1-23 in. broad. Scapes 4-7 ft. high, with
several sheaths ; racemes 6-13 in. long, many-flowered, often somewhat
dense. Bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, acute or subacute, 5-14 lin.
long. Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Flowers with rose-coloured petals and
lip and dark brownish-purple sepals. Sepals elliptic-lanceolate, acute,
narrowed at the base, 7-9 lin. long. Petals broadly elliptical or sub-
orbicular-elliptical, 8-10 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 10-11 lin. long; side
lobes broadly rounded ; front lobe quadrate-ovate, obtuse ; dise with 3
crenulate keels about the middle; spur conical, narrowed and often
Somewhat curved at the apex, 5-6 lin. long. Column clavate, } in.
long.—Lindl. in. Journ. Linn. Soe, vi. 133. Dendrobium roseum, Sw.
an Schrad. Neues Journ. i. 97 ; Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 523.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Samu, Scott-Elliot, 4297! On the way to

86 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

Port Lokko, Scott-Elliott, 5744! near Tawia, Scott-Elliot, 4472! and without pre-
cise locality, Afzelius ! cultivated specimens, Rucker ! Lagos: in a mangrove swamp,.
Moloney! Millen, 170! 171! Oye and Ado River, in damp situations, Millen, 99!
Western Lagos, Rowland! Niger Territory : without locality, Barter, 80! Nupe;
margin of a swampy ravine, Barter, 1481! side of a rivulet near Sare, Barter, 3429!
Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 452 !

39. L. Ephippilum, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 583. Sepals.
oblong-ligulate, acute. Petals oval-elliptical, large. Lip trilobed;
side lobes obtuse-angled; front lobe oblong, subobtuse, undulate ; dise
with a pair of semicircular calli, with a keel between, and 3 dwarf
thickened keels extending nearly to the apex; spur conical, rather
short, retrorse.

Western Tropical Africa. Without locality or name of collector.

Only known to me from the original imperfect description, but said to be allied to
L. roseus, Lindl, i

40. L. Alexandri, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 532. Lip broadly
trilobed at the middle, undulate ; dise with a dwarf callus in front of
the spur, and 3 high, undulate keels extending nearly to the apex, the
lateral ones 2-armed in front; spur conical, acute, curved, retrorse.
Anther apiculate, bidentate.—Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. vii. 440.

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: in the mouth of the river, near Shark Point,
Naumann, 159. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 366.

Only known to me from the original very imperfect description, but said to be
allied to Z. roseus, Lindl.

41. L. Nyasæ, alte, Scapes tall, base not seen ; racemes 1 ft. long,
many-flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, 9—10 lin. long. Pedicels
10-12 lin. long. Sepals ovate, subobtuse, 6 lin. or more long. Petals
suborbicular or obovate-orbicular, retuse, 12-18 lin. long. Lip obscurely
trilobed, broadly suborbicular-ovate, obtuse, 13-14 lin. long; dise with
5 very high, narrow, slightly crenulate lamelle, two of which extend
behind almost into the spur, there becoming taller and almost semi-
circular ; spur broadly conical, 4—5 lin. long, with a narrow apex, foot
well developed. Column clavate, 7-8 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1066!

The specimen is in poor condition.

42. L. macranthus, Lindl. Gen. d Sp. Orch. 191. Racemes 9-12
in. long, many-flowered ; base of scape not seen. Bracts ovate-oblong
or obovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, concave, 3-1 in. long. Pedicels
1} in. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 7-8 lin. long. Petals
broadly elliptical, 12-14 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 1-1} in. long; side
lobes broadly rounded; front lobe quadrate-suborbicular, obtuse or
apiculate, undulate; disc with 3 high, narrow, crenulate keels about
the middle ; spur 5-6 lin. long, with a broadly conical, obtuse base, and
a narrowed, attenuate, acute apex. Column clavate, 6 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Bonny, Shepherd, 6!

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 87

43. L. elatus, Rolfe. Rhizome stout. Leaves long petiolate,
narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 2-3 ft. long, 14—24 in. broad. Scapes
4—8 ft. high, with numerous sheaths below; racemes 9—12 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts obovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or
apiculate, concave, 3-1 in. long. Flowers pink or purple. Sepals
oblong or obovate-oblong, apiculate, 9-11 lin. long. Petals suborbicular-
elliptical, 1-14 in. long. Lip trilobed, 1-1} lin. long; side lobes
broadly rounded ; front lobe broadly elliptic-oblong or obovate, obtuse ;
dise with 8 slender, thickened keels. Column clavate, 8 lin. long.
Capsule broadly elliptical, 1? in. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Batanga; near Lobe village, in damp grassy
places, Bates, 61! Cameroon country, King!

_ Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Gaboon River, Mann, 1039! Munda; Sibange Farm,
in swamps, Soyaux, 39! Angola: Benguela, Monteiro! Congo, Smith!

Near L. giganteus, Welw., but a dwarfer plant, with narrower leaves and
smaller bracts and flowers. The plant cited by Kränzlin as Z. giganteus, Reichb. f.
(Mitth. Deutsch, Schutzgeb. ii. 1889, 156) from Batanga, Braun, 23, probably
belongs here,

44. L. giganteus, Welw. ex Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 187. Rhizome
stout. Leaves elongate, lanceolate, acuminate, long petiolate, 3-4 ft.
Jong, 3-4 in. broad. Scapes 8-16 ft. high, with numerous sheaths
below; racemes 1-1} ft. long, 20-30-flowered. Bracts oblong or ob-
ovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, concave, 3—13 in. long. Pedicels 14-2
in. long. Flowers light purple, with yellow keels to the lip. Sepals
oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse, and sometimes incurved and concave,
9-10 lin. long, light green. Petals broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse or
apiculate, 14-14 in. long, light purple. Lip trilobed, 14—14 in. long,
light purple ; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe quadrate-sub-
orbicular, obtuse or emarginate; disc with 3 somewhat thickened
keels in the middle; spur broadly conical, 5-6 lin. long, somewhat
narrowed and subacute at the apex.—Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1888,
il. 616, 617, fig. 83; iv. 353; Ill. Hort. 1888, 49, t. 53; Will. Orch.
Alb. x. t. 457; Veitch, Man. Orch. ix. 3. Eulophia gigantea, N. E.
Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1889, 90.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; in swamps by the Cuango rivulet, and
other parts of the province of Camilungo, widely diffused over the region, 1000-2400 ft.,
Welwitsch, 673! Congo: Ponto da Lenha, near the mouth of the Congo River, on
river banks, Monteiro !

45. L. Welwitschii, Reich. f. in Flora, 1865, 188. Leaves
lanceolate, acute, long petiolate, 2-3 ft. long, about 1} in. broad.
Scapes 4-6 ft. high, stout; racemes 1 ft. or more long, many-flowered.
Bracts broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 8-10 lin. long.
Pedicels 12-15 lin. long. Sepals oblong or obovate-oblong, subacute,
9-10 lin. long. Petals broadly elliptical or suborbicular-elliptical, 13—14
lin. long. Lip trilobed, 18-19 lin. long; side lobes broadly rounded,
crenulate at the apex ; front lobe broadly oblong, subobtuse, crenulate ;
disc with 3 deep, narrow, crenulate lamelle in the middle, the central

88 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

one being shorter than the others; spur conical, with a broad base, 5-6
lin. long. Column clavate, stout, 8—9 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola; Huilla; Monino, sparsely diffused in wooded
meadows, Welwitsch, 710!

46. L. Schweinfurthii, Heicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 60. Leaves
elongate-lanceolate, acute, 14 ft. or more long. Scapes tall; racemes
1 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, obtuse, }—-1} in. long.
Pedicels 3-1 in. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 12-13 lin. long.
Petals suborbicular, 13-14 lin. long. Lip entire or obscurely trilobed,
suborbicular, undulate, 12-13 lin. long; disc with 5 elevated, crenulate
lamelle in front and 3 behind, the outer ones being tall and nearly
semicircular; spur conical, 4 lin. long, with an acute, curved apex.
Column clavate, 6-7 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; near Fahami’s Seriba, Schwein-
Surth, 3776 !

47. L. Eliotii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 169. Scapes about
5 ft. high, very stout, 6-7 lin. diam., with numerous sheaths; racemes
4-6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, acute or subobtuse,
$-1} in. long. Pedicels 3 in. long. Sepais broadly subspathulate-
oblong or elliptic-oblong, apiculate, 8-10 lin. long. Petals broadly
elliptical or suborbicular, 10—11 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 12—15 lin.
long; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe broadly oblong or sub-
quadrate, obtuse, crisped-undulate ; disc with 3 strong, narrow, elevated,
crisped-undulate lamelle, the middle one smaller than the lateral;
spur broadly conical, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Column clavate, 4—5 lin.
long; foot half as long as the column.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Wimi River, in marshy places,
7000 ft., Scott- Elliott, 7924!

48. L. congoensis, Jolie, Racemes 4 in. or more long, many-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4—6 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8
lin. long. Sepals broadly elliptical, apiculate, 6-7 lin. long. Petals
suborbicular, 6-7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6-7 lin. long; side lobes
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, divaricate; front lobe very broadly obovate
and somewhat dilated at the sides, with an emarginate apex; disc
with a pair of erect, narrow, semicircular keels in front of the spur,
and about 5 verrucose nerves on the middle of the front lobe; spur
oblong, curved, somewhat narrowed above, 5 lin. long. Column clavate,
4 lin. long.

Lower Guinea? Upper Congo, Dybowski !

49. L. Friderici, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 113. Scapes 2 ft.
high, rather slender, with several apiculate, nerved sheaths; racemes
elongate, lax-flowered. Bracts linear-setaceous, deflexed, 3—4 lin. long..
Flowers as long as the leaves, subcoriaceous, of two shades of yellow,
nodding. Sepals elliptic-oblong, retuse; dorsal obovate-oblong, 4-9
lin. long. Petals suborbicular, broader than long, retuse, 4—5 lin. Jong,

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 89

Lip trilobed, 4 lin. long; side lobes short, broadly rounded; front
lobe rhomboidal, acute, abruptly reflexed af the sides, simply saccate
at the base, and with a transverse membrane at the base of the front
lobe. Column stout, 23 lin. long.

: Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambaca district ; near Zamba, 3000 ft., Welwitsch,
676!
Reichenbach describes the front lobe of the lip as obliquely infolded, In this he
appears to be wrong, judging by the meagre material at the British Museum.

50. L. Oatesii, Rolfe in Oates, Matabele Land, ed. ii. 409. Racemes
10 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate or ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 24-4 lin. long. Pedicels 8-10 lin. long. Sepals suborbicular
or obovate-elliptical, apiculate, 7-8 lin. long. Petals orbicular, 8—9 lin.
long. Lip trilobed, 7-8 lin. long; side lobes obovate-elliptical, obtuse ;
front lobe obovate-orbicular; disc with a few verrucose nerves in front
of the spur; spur conical-saccate, obtuse, 14 lin. long. Column stout,
4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Matabele Land, Oates !

51. L. malanganus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 533. Leaves linear-
lanceolate, with a very long acumination. Racemes lax. Flowers of
the size of those of ZL. Xrebsii, Reichb. f., membranous. Sepals ligulate,
acute. Petals elliptical. Lip elongate, trilobed; side lobes obtuse-
angled; front lobe extending forwards, ligulate, obtuse; spur conical,
acute, slender, much shorter than the pedicel.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 290, 365.

Only known to me from the original very imperfect description, in which it is said
to have no affinity with any other species. Durand & Schinz (Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 29)
confound this with the quite different Z. malangensis, Reichb. f.

52. L. paiveanus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 187. Scape 2 ft. or
more high; base not seen; racemes 9-12 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ; acuminate, 6-9 lin. long.
Pedicels 8-10 lin. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong or oblong, acute, 7-9
lin, long. Petals orbicular-ovate, apiculate or subobtuse, 7-8 lin. long.
Lip trilobed, 6-7 lin. long; side lobes broadly oblong or suborbicular-
oblong, obtuse ; front lobe broadly elliptical or ovate-elliptical, obtuse,
convex with reflexed sides; disc with 3 obscurely crenulate keels; spur
conical-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla, frequent in sandy thickets, Welwitsch, 731!

Var. stenophyllus, Reich. f. in Flora, 1867, 105. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute,
1-1} in. long. Scape 24 ft. long, with several bracts below; racemes 1 ít. long,
many-flowered, Bracts 4—9 lin. long, linear lanceolate, long acuminate. Pedicels
7-8 lin, long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate,
5 lin, long. Lip trilobed, 5 lin. long ; side lobes oblong, obtuse, 33-4 lin. long; front
lobe broadly ovate, subobtuse, with strongly reflexed sides; dise with about 3 slightly
a nerves ` spur obtuse, 14 lin. long, slightly curved. Column clavate, 23 lin,
ong.

_ Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; at the base of Pedra Pungo, in stony
thickets, rare, Welwitsch, 690!

90 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

Very distinct from the type, having more acuminate bracts and much smaller
flowers.

53. L. renschianus, Keichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 75. Leaves.
cuneate-oblong, acuminate, about 15 in. long, 2} in. broad. Scapes.
elongate, racemose, with a single basal branch, lax-flowered. Bracts
triangular, acuminate or acute, 4-4 as long as the pedicel. Sepals.
cuneate-ligulate, acute. Petals rhomboid, acute, obtuse-angled, as long
as the sepals but much broader. Lip trilobed: side lobes ligulate,
obtuse, suberect; front lobe subrhomboid-ligulate, acute, with an
obtuse angle on either side near the apex; disc with a thickened
median keel; spur slender, not half as long as the front lobe.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo, Mechow, 138.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be near L. paiveanus,.

Reichb. f., from which it differs in its broader leaves, narrower bracts, and in the shape
and narrower side lotes of the lip.

54. L. papilionaceus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 170. Scapes.
21 ft. high, with a few sheaths below; racemes 9 in. long, lax. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 4-10 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin.
long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 7-8 lin. long. Petals orbicular-
ovate, apiculate, 7—8 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6-7 lin. long; side lobes
broadly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe orbicular-ovate, apiculate, convex,
with reflexed sides ` disc with 3 slightly thickened keels ; spur conical,
3-4 lin. long. Column stout, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Stevenson Road, 4000-5000 ft.»
Scott-Elliot, 8268 !

55. L. Carsoni, olfe. Leaves elongate-lanceolate, acuminate,
9-12 in. long, 3-1 in. broad. Scapes 3 ft. high, with a few sheaths
below ; racemes 1-14 ft. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 6-7 lin. long.
Sepals elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, 6 lin. long. Petals.
broadly suborbicular-ovate, 7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5-6 lin. long +
side lobes oblong, obtuse; front lobe suborbicular, apiculate, with
deflexed sides ; disc with a central, scarcely thickened keel, obscurely
crenulate at the base ; spur oblong, obtuse, stout, 3 lin. long. Column
clavate, stout, 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, south of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 123!

56. L. Grantii, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 153. Scapes
stout, 2-3 ft. high, with several sheaths below; racemes 6—12 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,
4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Sepals broadly
elliptical or ovate-elliptical, apiculate, 6-7 lin. long. Petals orbicular
or orbicular-ovate, obtuse, 6—7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5—6 lin. long;
side lobes orbicular-oblong ; front lobe orbicular-ovate, apiculate, convex

Lissochilus. | CS, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 91

with reflexed sides; dise with 3 fleshy keels; spur conical-oblong, obtuse,
slightly curved, 3 lin. long. Column stout, 3—4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara; Robeho Mountains, near
water, 4700 ft., Grant !

57. L. Erythrzez, folfe. Rhizome stout; pseudobulbs oblong,
clothed with loose membranous leaf-sheaths, 3-4 in. long. Leaves
lanceolate or elongate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3—14 ft. long, 3-1} in.
broad. Scapes 3 ft. long, stout, with a few sheaths below; racemes
l ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute, 4-8 lin.
long. Pedicels 7-9 lin long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 6-7 lin.
long, dusky grey-green. Petals ovate-orbicular, obtuse, 7—8 lin. long,
bright yellow. Lip pandurate-oblong, 7-8 lin. long, yellow, striped
with purple near the base; side lobes auriculate, rounded; front lobe
broadly elliptical, obtuse; dise with 3 crenulate keels; spur conical,
obtuse, 2 lin. long. Column stout, 24-3 lin. long.—Lissochilus grani-
ticus, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 89, 112 (not Reichb. f.).

Nile Land. Eritrea: Kohaito Plateau, 8500-9000 ft., Schweinfurth, 168 t
Ginda Valley, near Filogobai, 4600 ft., Schweinfurth, 517! Saganeiti, 7200-7500 ft.,
Schweinfurth, 1833! Acrur, 7100 ft., Schweinfurth, 2205 !

58. L. Krebsii, Reich. f. in Linnea, xx. 685. Rhizome stout.
Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad, attenuate
at the base into a petiole. Scapes 2-4 ft. high, stout, with several
sheaths below; racemes 9-12 in. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts
ovate, acute, 7—9 lin. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, subacute, 6-7 lin.
long, brown. Petals suborbicular, 6-7 lin. long, yellow. Lip trilobed,
6-7 lin. long; side lobes divaricate, broadly oblong, obtuse, red-purple,
slightly faleate; front lobe broadly elliptical, obtuse, deflexed at the
Sides, yellow ; disc with a thickened, but very obscurely verrucose keel ;
Spur oblong, slightly curved, 2 lin. long. Column clavate, stout, 3 lin.
long.—Adlam in Gard. Chron. 1886, xxvi. 58. ZL. Krebsit var. pur-
purata, Ridl. in Gard. Chron. 1885, xxiv. 102; Will. Orch. Alb. vi. t.
259, Eulophia Krebsii, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 185. Lissochilus
Graefei, Kränz), in Gard. Chron. 1892, xi. 749; Reichb. f. Xen. Orch.
ii. 125, b. 272.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mount Mlanje, 7000 ft., MeClounie !
Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountains, Waller !

Also in South Africa,

59. L. Rueppelii, Deich, f. in Linnea, xx. 686 (in note) ; xxii. 865.
Rhizome creeping, stout, with pseudobulbous, oblong stem, 34 in. long.
Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, $—-1} ft. long, 14-2 in.
broad. Scapes 1-1} ft. long, with several short sheaths below ; racemes
6-8 in. long, loosely many-flowered. Bracts oblong or ovate-oblong,
obtuse or apiculate. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong or
ovate-oblong, obtuse, 5-7 lin. long. Petals ovate-orbicular, obtuse or
apiculate, 6-7 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5-7 lin. long; side lobes sub-

orbicular-oblong, obtuse; front lobe suborbicular, obtuse; dise with 3

92 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.
fleshy, obscurely crenulate keels; spur conical, obtuse, 14-2 lin. long.
Column clavate, 4—5 lin. long—Walp. Ann. iii. 553. Hypodematium
abyssinicum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 286, t. 83. Lissochilus
abyssinicus, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 27.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: between Halei and Temben, Ruppel. Province of
Wodjerat, Petit, Without locality, Roth, 44!

60. L. shirensis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 171. Scapes 3%-
ft. high, with several sheaths below; racemes 1 ft. long, laxly many-
flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, 4-8 lin. long. Sepals
5-7 lin. long, elliptic-oblong, apiculate. Petals orbicular-ovate, apicu-
late, 5—6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 5-6 lin. long; side lobes auriculate,
roundish-oblong, divaricate; front lobe suborbicular-ovate, obtuse,
convex with reflexed sides; disc with obscurely thickened nerves; spur
conical, obtuse, 14-2 lin. long. Column stout, 24-3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa ; Shire Highlands, Mount Sochi, Scott-
Elliot, 8613!

61. L. ruwenzoriensis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 170. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, acute, attenuate below, 13-2 ft. long, 1-1} in. broad.
Scapes 3 ft. high, with a few sheaths below, sometimes branched above ;
racemes 9-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 6—9 lin. long. Pedicels 6—8 lin. long. Sepals broadly
elliptic-oblong or suborbicular-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, 5 lin. long.
Petals suborbicular or orbicular-ovate, obtuse, 6—7 lin. long. Lip trilobed,
7-8 lin. long; side lobes broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse; front lobe
obovate or suborbicular, apiculate; disc with 3 smooth keels; spur
saccate-conical, 2—24 lin. long. Column stout, 24-3 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; eastern side 6000 ft., common

in short bush, Scott-Elliot, 7871! Kivata, 6000-7000 ft., on sunny ‘hills, Scott-
Elliot, 7735!

62. L. oliverianus, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 154.
Leaves developed after the flowering time. Scapes “5 ft. high”;
racemes 14-2 ft. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute,
5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute,
6-7 lin. long, green, spotted with brown. Petals orbicular-ovate,
apiculate, 5-6 lin. long, yellow. Lip trilobed, 5 lin. long, yellow; side
lobes oblong, obtuse, divaricate, 2 lin. long; front lobe suborbicular,
obtuse or apiculate, convex with reflexed sides; disc with 3 crenulate,
thickened nerves in the centre; spur conical, 1 lin. long. Column
stout, 24-3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, Grant, 463!

63. L. Kirkii, Rolfe. Leaves elongate-linear, 9 in. or more long.

= Bracts lanceolate, acute, ł in. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 5-6 lin.
long. Petals ovate-suborbicular, 5-6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 4-5 lin.
long; side lobes broadly oblong, obtuse; front lobe broadly ovate-
orbicular, obtuse, with deflexed sides; disc with a slightly thickened,

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 93

and obscurely verrucose keel at the base; spur conical-oblong, obtuse,
lł-14 lin. long. Column stout, clavate, 24 iin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen !

Flowcred at Kew in 1882. The dried specimen is imperfect,

64. L. micranthus, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 53. Plant very
slender. Leaves linear, 3-nerved, much attenuate at the base and apex.
Racemes simple, slender, as long as or shorter than the leaves, with a
few acuminate sheaths below. Bracts linear, acuminate, shorter than
the ovary. Flowers } in. diam. Sepals obovate-oblong, rounded and
apiculate at the apex; lateral shortly unguiculate. Petals rhomboid-
oblong, very obtuse. Lip trilobed; side lobes erect, triangular, with a
rounded apex; front lobe suborbicular, apiculate, distinctly plicate,
without calli; spur short, conical.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Noro on Mount Kenia, Hohnel, 78.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be near L. parviflorus,
Lindl.

65. L. Stuhlmanni, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 249. Pseudobulb
oblong-cylindrical, with 3 or 4 internodes. Leaves, of which 2 are
present at flowering time, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 20—24 in. long,
or perhaps even longer after flowering. Scapes strong, 5 ft. high, with
several sheaths below ; racemes laxly many-flowered. Bracts oblong,
acute, as long as the pedicels. Flowers ł in. diam. Sepals oblong,
dark green with red-brown nerves; dorsal acute; lateral more obtuse.
Petals suborbicular, very obtuse, apiculate, slightly longer than the
Sepals, yellow. Lip trilobed; side lobes oblong, acute; front lobe
rounded at the apex, pandurate, compressed, with a central, oblong
callus ; spur short, sulcate and reflexed at the apex, ascending. Column
broad, dilated above.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe; Bukoba, on Lake Victoria
Nyanza, Stuhlmann, 3220,

Only known to me from the original description.

66. L. calopterus, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, iii. 218. Rhizome
tuberous. Leaves elongate-linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, 6—18 in.
long, 6-13 lin, broad. Scapes 21_4 ft. high, with a few short sheaths

low; racemes 8-12 in. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acute, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 8-10 lin. long. Flowers.
yellow. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute, 34-4 lin. long, adnate at the base
to the foot of the column. Petals ovate, obtuse, or subobtuse, 6-8 lin.
long. Lip pandurate-oblong, 6 lin. long ; side lobes auriculate, rounded ;
front lobe elliptic-oblong, obtuse, convex with reflexed sides; disc
with about 9 thickened keels; spur conical, 2 lin. long. Column stout,
23-3 lin. long; foot half as long as the column.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
vi. 670 ; Flora, 1865, 187; Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 76; Klotzsch in Peters
Mossamb. Bot. 513. ;
_ Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda; near Cacuaco, Welwitsch, 652! Ambriz,
in thickets, Monteiro, 2!

94 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

Mozamb., Dist. Zanzibar Island, Hildebrandt, 1044 of 1873 collection (ex
Reichenbach). German East Africa: Bagamoyo, Hildebrandt, 10448 of 1874 collec-
tion. Portuguese East Africa ` Lower Zambesi; Boror, Peters. Lower Shire, Gombra,
Scott !

67. L. Volkensii, Rolfe. Pseudobulb stout. Leaves 5, tufted,
elongate-linear or linear-lanceolate, subacute, attenuate below, 9-18 in.
long, 3-1 in. broad. Scapes 4-44 ft. high, with several sheaths below ;
racemes 1 ft. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acute,
3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Sepals ovate, apiculate, or sub-
acuminate, 2}-3 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate, 6-7 lin. long. Lip
pandurate-oblong, 6 lin. long; basal auricles roundish-oblong; front
lobe broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse; disc with 5-7 smooth keels;
spur conical, obtuse, 1-14 lin. long. Column clavate, 3 lin. long.—
L. Krebsii, Kriinzl. in Eng. P. Ost-Afr. C. 156, in part (not Reichb. f.).

EE Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Rahe at 2600 ft., Volkens,
2191!

68. L. Taylori, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 293. Pseudobulb
oblong, conical, 24 in. long. Leaves linear, over 1 ft. long, } in. broad.
Scapes stout, 3 ft. high, with a few loose sheaths at the base. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, + in. long. Pedicels 3 in. long. Sepals ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 4 lin. long. Petals ovate, obtuse, 7—8 lin. long.
Lip trilobed, pandurate-oblong, 4—5 lin. long; side lobes short, rounded ;
front lobe oblong-elliptical, obtuse, slightly crisped, 3 lin. long; dise
with about 8 slightly elevated keels; spur very short, conical. Column
stout, 24 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Rabai Hills at Jomvu, near Mombasa,
Taylor !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, Taylor !

69. L. graniticus, Keichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 75. Rhizome
stout. Leaves 5, tufted, elongate-linear, acute, 9-15 in. long, 3—4 lin.
broad. Scapes 4 ft. high, with a few sheaths below ; racemes 1 ft. long,
laxly many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, 3—4 lin. long.
Pedicels 7-8 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Sepals ovate-oblong, apiculate
or acuminate, 3-34 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate, apiculate, 6-7 lin.
long. Lip pandurate-oblong, 6 lin. long; side lobes rounded-oblong ;
front lobe suborbicular-elliptical, obtuse; disc with 5 obscurely
crenulate keels; spur conical, obtuse, about 1 lin, long. Column stout,
dilated above, 2} lin. long.—Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. ‘Afr. 187.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Habab, 6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 382!

_ 70. L. Mechowii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 75. Leaves linear-
ligulate, acuminate, chartaceous, 6-7 lin. broad. Scapes tall, with the
flowers distantly racemose above. Bracts triangular, setaceous, very
short. Flowers yellow. Sepals triangular, short. Petals oblong,
“very obtusely acute,” very large. Lip trilobed; side lobes short,
erect, united to the column; front lobe, oblong, acute, convex with

Lissochilus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 95

reflexed sides; disc with 9-11 granulate keels; spur slenderly conical,
a little shorter than the front lobe of the lip.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 264.

Only known to me from the original description,

71. L. orthoplectrus, Reichb. f. in Otia Bot. Hamb.i. 63. Scapes
elongate, 2 ft. high, with a few distant sheaths; racemes lax, many-
flowered. Bracts triangular, setaceous, 5 lin. long, much exceeded by
the pedicellate ovary. Flowers brown, striped with purple. Sepals
oblong-triangular, apiculate, scarcely 5 lin. long. Petals elliptical,
acute, 6-7 lin. long. Lip trilobed; side lobes semiovate; front lobe
ligulate, subacute; disc with 5 thick crenulate lamelle; spur conical,
Straight.

Nile Land. Niamniam ; north of the Uzze River, Schweinfurth, 3270.

Only known to me from the original description.

72. L. Wakefieldii, Reichb. f. £ S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1878, 136.
Rhizome stout. Leaves elongate-linear, acute or acuminate, 6-9 in, or
more long. Scapes 2}—4 ft. long, with several sheaths below; racemes
6-11 in. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
3-7 lin. long. Pedicels 7-10 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, apiculate
or shortly acuminate, 3-5 lin. long, green. Petals broadly ovate, apicu-
late, 9-10 lin. long, bright yellow. Lip pandurate-oblong, obtuse,
9-10 lin. long; basal auricles rounded, adnate to the base of the
column ; front lobe convex; disce with 3-7 bright yellow keels, stout
and crenulate below, narrower and entire above; spur conical, 14-3 lin.
long. Column stout, 24-5 lin. long; foot very short.—Reichb. f. Otia
Bot. Hamb. ii. 76 ; Hulophia dispersa, N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin,
EH 127; Lissochilus dispersus, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1893, xiii.

84,

‘ Wile Land. British East Africa : Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1044 and 1044c of
1876 and 1877 collections, 19518 (ex Reichenbach); Teita Dist., Buityuma, Hilde-
brandt (ex Reichenbach); Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor ! Nyika country, near
Mombasa, found in many districts, Wakefield ! Rabai Hills at Jomvu, Wakefield !
Ribe, Wakefield !

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk! British Central Africa: Mlanje, Whyte!
Lake Nyasa, Livingstonia, cultivated specimens! Portuguese East Africa: Lower
Zambesi, Shupanga, on grassy plains, Kirk! near Morambala, Kirk! Bechuanaland :
‘banks of the Zuga River, near Lake Ngami, McCabe !

The above all appear to be forms of one variable species.

73. L. brevisepalus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 195. Scapes
2-24 ft. high, with a few short sheaths below; racemes about 6 in. long,
laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 24-3 lin. long. Pedicels
7-8 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute, or apiculate, 3 lin. long.
Petals suborbicular, 6-7 lin. long. Lip pandurate, 6-7 lin. long; side
lobes auriculate or rounded-oblong, somewhat adnate to the foot of the
column ` front lobe broadly elliptical or suborbicular-elliptical, apiculate,

96 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Lissochilus.

convex with reflexed sides; dise with 7 thick, somewhat crenulate
keels ; spur broadly conical, 2-2} lin. long. Column stout, 2 lin. long ;
foot well developed.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands ; Mount Sochi, Scott-
Elliot, 8526! Ndurandi, Scott- Elliot, 8511!

74, L. Rendlei, Rolfe. Scapes 2-2} ft. high, with several sheaths
below ; racemes 6-8 in. long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 5-6 lin. long. Pedicels 9-10 lin. long. Sepals ovate, shortly
acuminate, 3-4 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate, suborbicular, obtuse or
apiculate, 7-8 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6-7 lin. long ; side lobes broadly
oblong, obtuse; front lobe elliptic-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, with
reflexed sides; dise with about 5 thickened, obscurely verrucose keels
down the centre; spur conical, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Column clavate,
stout, 2 lin. long.—L. Wakefieldii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 170 (not
Reichb. f. & S. Moore).

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 90! Stevenson Road, 4000-5000 ft. (“from Mr. Carson”) Scott-Elliot,
8266 !

75. L. aurantiacus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 187. Rhizome
stout. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acute, 9-12 in. long, 5—6 lin. broad.
Scapes over 1 ft. high; base not seen; racemes 10-12 in. long, laxly
many-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3—6 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute or apiculate, 4—5 lin.
long; lateral adnate to the foot of the column at the base. Petals
broadly ovate-orbicular, minutely apiculate, 6—7 lin. long. Lip trilobed,
6-7 lin. long ; side lobes auriculate, broadly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe
broadly elliptical or suborbicular-elliptical, obtuse or minutely apiculate,
convex with reflexed sides; disc with slightly thickened, somewhat
crenulate nerves; spur saccate, with a conical apex, 24-3 lin. long.
Column stout, 24-3 lin. long ; foot half as long as the column.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; near Cazella, on grassy rocks,
Welwitsch, 691! Benguela, Monteiro !

76. L. Holubii, Rolfe. Racemes many-flowered, base not seen.
Bracts subulate or linear-lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. long. Sepals ovate-
oblong, apiculate, 34-4 lin. long. Petals broadly orbicular-ovate, 7 lin.
long. Lip trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes rounded-oblong, adnate to
the base of the column ; front lobe ovate-oblong, obtuse, very gibbous
in front, with reflexed sides; disc slightly verrucose along the centre;
spur conical, 2~24 lin. long. Column stout, dilated above, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Northern Bechuanaland; Leshumo Valley, Holub!

77. L. Smithii, Rolfe. Scapes about 2 ft. high, with 3 or 4 loose
sheaths below; racemes about 4 in. long, rather lax. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 9 lin. long. Sepals
ovate-oblong, acuminate, 4 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate-orbicular,
apiculate. Lip trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse,

Lissochilus.| CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 97

adnate to the base of the column; front lobe ovate, acute, undulate,
reflexed at the sides; disc gibbous, with 45 crested lamellæ, the 3
central ones being very tall, and the nerves on either side a little
thickened ; spur conical, 4 lin. long, with a somewhat curved, acute
apex. Column clavate, dilated above, 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Smith !

78. L. Johnstoni, Rolfe. Leaves elongate-linear, acute, 4—6 in. or
more high. Scapes 2-2} ft. high, with several sheaths below ; racemes
9-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3—5
lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate, 4 lin. long. Petals
broadly ovate-orbicular, apiculate, 6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 4 lin. long ;
side lobes oblong, obtuse, adnate to the base of the column; front lobe
ovate, acute, with reflexed sides ; disce very gibbous, with 3 very high,
smooth lamellæ; spur 34-4 lin. long, with a broadly conical base, and a
téiere much curved apex. Column broad, dilated above, 2 lin.
ong.

Nile Land. British East Africa ; Kilimanjaro Expedition, 40-60 miles from the
coast, Johnston !

79. L. Thomsoni, alte, Scapes over 1 ft. high, base not seen ;
racemes about 4 in. long, few-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,
5-6 lin. long. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Sepals ovate, acute, 4 lin. long.
Petals broadly ovate-orbicular, apiculate, 7 lin. long. Lip trilobed,
5 lin, long; side lobes ovate, obtuse, partly adnate to the base of the
column ; front lobe ovate, subacute, with reflexed sides; disc convex,
with about 5 dwarf, crenulate keels along the centre, and a few slightly
thickened nerves on either side; spur conical, subobtuse, slightly
curved, 2-21 lin. long. Column stout, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: between Lake Nyasa and Lake
Tanganyika, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson !

80. L. monticolus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 172. Scapes
slender, 24-3 ft. high, with several sheaths below ; racemes 4 in. long,
rather lax. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 3-4 lin. long. Pedicels 5—6 lin.
long. Sepals ovate, apiculate, 3-3} lin, long, somewhat adnate to the
foot of the column. Petals broadly suborbicular, 5-6 lin. long. Lip
deeply trilobed ; side lobes oblong, obtuse, adnate to the foot of the
column on the inner side, 3 lin. long ; front lobe broadly oblong, obtuse
or apiculate, convex with reflexed sides, 34 lin. long; disc with 3
prominent, obtuse keels in the middle; spur conical, narrowed at the
apex, 4 lin. long. Column stout, 21-3 lin. long; foot as long as or some-
what longer than the column. S

Wile Land. British East Africa ; Ruwenzori, eastern side, 5300 ft., on granite,
Scott-Elliot, 7552!

81. L. Kreenzlinii, Rolfe. Scapes 2 ft. high, with about 3
tubular bracts below; racemes 5-6 in. long, laxly many-flowered.
VOL, VII, H

98 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Lissochilus.

Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4-5 lin. long. Pedicels 7—8 lin. long.
Sepals ovate-oblong, apiculate or acuminate, 3 lin. long. Petals broadly
ovate, apiculate, 6 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes
broadly rounded ; front lobe ovate, acute, undulate, with reflexed sides ;
disc convex, with 5-7 crenulate keels; spur conical, slightly curved,
obtuse, 34 lin. long. Column stout, dilated above, 3 lin. long.—
L. calopterus, Krinzl. in Engl. D. Ost-Afr. ©. 156, in part (not
Reichb. f.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Shira, 3200 ft., Volkens,
1617!

82. L. milanjianus, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, iv. 46.
Rhizome thickened and flattened, prostrate on the ground, composed
of a series of swollen internodes, 14—24 in. long, 3—14 in. broad, strung
together in a chain. Leaves linear-oblong, 6 in. long, 4—6 lin. broad.
Scapes 2—24 ft. high, with several sheaths below; racemes 6—9 in.
long, laxly many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-6 lin.
long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate-oblong or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, slightly carinate, 4—5 lin. long, purplish-brown
with green base; lateral partly adnate to the lip and foot of the
column. Petals broadly suborbicular, obtuse or minutely apiculate,
7—9 lin. long, bright yellow on the back, rosy carmine with darker
veins on the face. Lip deeply trilobed, yellow with some dark nerves
on the side lobes; side lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long, inner
side adnate to the foot of the column; front lobe broadly oblong or
obovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, convex with reflexed sides, 44 lin.
long; disc with 3 strong keels and a slender one on either side; spur
conical, narrowed near the apex, 4—5 lin. long. Column 2—4 lin. long;
foot longer than the column.—Fulophia bella, N. E. Brown in Gard.
Chron. 1889, vi. 210.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Zambesia, cultivated specimens,
O’Brien! Manganja Hills, Meller! Shire Highlands, Buchanan! Mlanje, Whyte !

83. L. saccatus, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 172. Scapes about
2 ft. high, with several short sheaths below; racemes 6-7 in. long,
loosely many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels
5-8 lin. long. Sepals obovate-oblong, obtuse or minutely apiculate,
4 lin. long. Petals broadly suborbicular, 7-8 lin. long. Lip deeply
trilobed ; side lobes oblong, obtuse, 34 lin. long, completely adnate to
the foot of the column; front lobe 5 lin. long, broadly elliptic-oblong;
subobtuse, convex with reflexed sides; disc with 3 prominent keels in
the middle, and a slender one on either side; spur conical, with a
narrow, curved apex, 5 lin. long. Column stout, 3 lin. long; foot as
long as or longer than the column.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Nandi Hills, 6000-7000 ft., on rocky ground,
Scott-Elliot, 6988 !

Near L. milanjianus, Rendle, but the flowers are larger, with larger, broad, obtuse
sepals.

Pteroglossaspis. | CXXXII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 99

12. PTEROGLOSSASPIS, Reichb. f.; Benth. et Hook. f,
Gen. Pl. iii. 542,

Sepals and petals free, spreading, subequal. Lip sessile at the base
of the column, spreading, trilobed, ecalcarate; side lobes somewhat
spreading at the base, inflexed above; front lobe larger, oblong or sub-
orbicular ` dise with three rows of tuberculate nerves and a pair of
rounded calli in the angle formed by the base of the lip and column.
Column very short and broad, without a foot; clinandrium rounded.
Anther terminal, operculate, incumbent, 1-celled; pollinia 2, sub-
globose, or 4 confluent in pairs, affixed to a short, broad stipes and
squamiform gland.—Terrestrial herbs, with thickened rhizome. Leaves
one or two, petiolate, narrow, plicate. Scapes erect, with membranous
sheaths below. Flowers medium-sized, in short dense racemes. Bracts
small or narrow.

An endemic Tropical African genus of four species, nearly allied to Eulophia, but
distinguished by the sessile, ecalcarate lip, and very short column. Bentham places it
in the subtribe Cyrtopodiee, near to Zygopetalum, which, however, is not where its
affinity lies.

Nerves of lip tuberculate,
Front lobe of lip suborbicular-oblong, very obtuse; disc

5-7-nerved i S i : : : . L. P. eustachya,
Front lobe of lip nearly obcordate, emarginate; disc
3—5d-nerved : > e : e , 2. P. engleriana.
Nerves of lip slightly verrucose.
Lobes of lip subequal . : : , 3. P. ruwenzoriensis.

Front lobe of lip twice as broad as side lobes e a 4, P. Carsoni.

l. P. eustachya, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 67. Terrestrial,
with stout rhizome. Leaves radical, narrowly lanceolate, acute or
acuminate, 4-11 ft. long, narrowed below into a long petiole. Scape
24-22 ft. high, with numerous, long, imbricate sheaths, the lower
obtuse, the upper acute. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, 7-9 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong or elliptical-oblong, sub-
obtuse or minutely apiculate, 5-6 lin. long. Lip sessile, trilobed,
ecalcarate ; side lobes divaricate, broadly oblong, obtuse, very slightly
curved, 3 lin. long; front lobe quadrate-elliptic or broadly elliptic-
oblong, obtuse, flat; disc with about five to seven tuberculate keels,
and a pair of rounded calli in the angle between the lip and column.
Column broad, 2 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Schimper, 1235! (1735, ex Reichenbach.)

2. P. engleriana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 249. Leaves 1} ft.
long, 7 lin. broad. Scapes longer than the leaves, terminating in short,
capitate racemes, 3-11 in. long. Flowers 4 in. diameter, white with a
purple-brown stripe on the side lobes of the lip, and a purple spot on
the front lobe. Sepals cuneate-obovate, obtuse or apiculate, keeled
at the back. Petals obtuse, narrower than the sepals, especially at
the base, in other respects similar. Lip trilobed; side lobes obovate-
oblong, very obtuse, embracing the column; nerves and ridges of the
dise and side lobes very sparsely pilose; callus elevated at either side

100 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Pteroglossaspis.

of the base; front lobe larger, cuneate, retuse or emarginate; disc
with three to five elevated tuberculate lines extending nearly to the
apex. Column short, dilated and angled above.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 4500-4700 ft.,
among grass, Volkens, 266, 424.

Only known to me from the original description.

3. P. ruwenzoriensis, Kolfe. Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear,
acuminate, 8-10 in. long, 4—6 lin. broad. Scapes 14-2 ft. high, with
many lanceolate, imbricate sheaths. Bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceo-
late, acuminate, 8-9 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Sepals and
petals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 4-5 lin. long; base subcuneate. Lip
trilobed, 4-44 lin. long; side lobes roundish-oblong; front lobe sub-
orbicular-oblong, as large as the side lobes; disc slightly verrucose,
with a pair of erect calli in the basal angle. Column stout, 14 lin.
long.—Lulophia ruwenzoriensis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 166.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, eastern side, 6000—7000 ft., on
sunny hillsides, Scott-Elliot, 7813! 7859 ! 5300 ft., on granite, Scott-Elliot, 7551 !

A broad leaf mounted with the British Museum specimen, and described in the
original description, apparently belongs to some quite different plant.

4, P. Carsoni, Rolfe. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acute, 6-8 lin.
long, 4 lin. broad. Scapes 14-14 ft. long, with four or five long,
imbricate sheaths. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, {—1 in. long.
Pedicels 4—5 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong, subobtuse or apiculate,
4} lin. long. Lip trilobed, 4 lin. long ; side lobes oblong, obtuse; front
lobe obovate, obtuse, twice as broad as the side lobes; disc slightly
verrucose, with a pair of erect calli in the basal angle. Column stout,
14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Lake Tanganyika, Carson ! Fwambo,
5250 ft., Nutt !

13. ANSELLIA, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 537.

Sepals and petals subequal, free, spreading. Lip articulate to the
foot of the column, 3-lobed; side lobes erect, parallel; middle lobe
oblong or rounded; disc 2-3-keeled or lamellate. Column erect,
equalling the side lobes of the lip, slightly curved, semiterete, with
acute margins; base produced into a very short, broad, concave or
slightly 2-lobed foot ` clinandrium entire, scarcely prominent. Anther
terminal, operculate, incumbent, convex or crowned with an obtuse
conical appendage, imperfectly 2-celled; pollinia 2 or 4, confluent in
pairs, waxy, ovate, rounded, attached to a short broad stipes and
gland. Capsule oblong, without beak.—Epiphytic herbs. Stems tall,
thickened or somewhat fusiform, leafy. Leaves distichous, long,
plicate-veined. Peduncles terminal, branched. Flowers in lax panicles,
rarely in racemes, pedicellate. Bracts small.

A genus of six species limited to Continental Africa, and only the South-eastern
A, gigantea, Reichb. f., occurring outside the tropics.

Petals elliptic-oblong, distinctly broader than the sepals . 1. 4. africana.

Petals oblong, not, or scarcely, broader than the sepals.

Anseltia.| CXXXIII, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 101

Disc of lip with three crenulate or verrucose keels; sepals
and petals 1-14 in. long . s . . . :
Disc of lip with two keels, or the median one partially
developed.
Lip 7-8 lin. long; sepals and petals 10-12 lin. long.
Leaves 1-14 ft. long; keels of lip verrucose or crenu-
late S ` . . e 2 . 38 A. confusa,
Leaves 6-8 in. long; keels of lip smooth . ° . 4. A. humilis.
Lip 5 lin, long; sepals and petals 9 lin. long . i , 5. A. congoensis,

2. A. nilotica.

1. A. africana, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1844, sub t. 12. Pseudobulb
elongate, somewhat thickened in the middle, 14—2 ft. or more long.
Leaves elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, subacute, 6-12 in. long, 1}—13 in.
broad. Panicle branched, 9-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly
ovate or ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 14-3 lin. long. Pedicels 1-14 in. long.
Sepals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 11-14 lin. long. Petals a little broader
than the sepals. Lip trilobed, 8-9 lin. long; side lobes semiovate,
obtuse; front lobe broadly obovate-oblong, obtuse; disc puberulous,
with 3 linear keels, the middle one smaller than the side. Column
clavate, 6 lin. long.— Bot. Mag. t. 4965 (excl. fig. 3); Beicht, f. in Bon-
plandia, v. 134; Gartenfl. iii. 243, t. 95; Reichb. f. in. Walp. Ann. vi.
627; Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. ii. 18; Will. Orch. Alb. viii. t. 367.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po: near Clarence (Sta, Isabel), in jungle, on Eleis
guineensis, Vogel, 25! Ansell !

An Angolan species which has been referred here (Reichb, f. in Flora, 1865, 188)
is known only from fruiting specimens, and therefore remains doubtful. It was col-
lected at Bumbo, Welwitsch, 711! and Huilla, Antunes, 21!

2. A. nilotica, A. E. Br. in Lindenia, ii. 36. Pseudobulb 1-2 ft.
long, elongate, a little thickened above the middle. Leaves lanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 6-15 in. long, 1-14 in. broad. Panicle
9-18 in. long, branched or rarely simple, racemose. Bracts triangular-
ovate, subobtuse, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 13-1} in. long. Flowers
deep yellow, spotted with brown. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 1-1} in. long.
Petals similar to the sepals, subequal. Lip trilobed, 9-10 lin. long ;
side lobes semiovate, obtuse; front lobe obovate-oblong, obtuse; disc
with 3 verrucose or crenulate keels, the middle one smaller than the
Side. Column clavate, 8 lin. long.—<A. africana var. nilotica, Baker
in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 154; Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 74.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1952! Ribe, Wake-
field! J omvu, Wakefield !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Tanga, on Hyphene, Kirk!
Usagara ; Mbwiga, 1200 ft., on tall trees, Grant /

Var, rossiana, Rolfe in-Orch. Rev. i. 199. Flowers primrose yellow, with smaller
and less numerous, much paler spots.
Nile Land. Zanzibar, cultivated specimens !

“The Wahiao use its jointed roots medicinally, and call the plant BMitoo? oo
Grant.

102 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Ansellia.

3. A. confusa, A. E. Br. in Lindenia, ii. 36. Pseudobulb 14-3 ft.
long, somewhat thickened in the middle. Leaves lanceolate or linear-
lanceolate, acute, 14—14 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad. Panicle 9-12 in. long,
branched, many-flowered. Bracts oblong or ovate-oblong, subobtuse or
acute, 2-4 lin. long. Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse,
10-12 lin. long. Petals equal to, or scarcely broader than, the sepals.
Lip trilobed, 7-8 lin. long; side lobes semiovate, obtuse; front lobe
obovate or suborbicular; disc puberulous, 2-keeled or rarely with the
middle keel slightly developed, verrucose or crenulate in front. Column
clavate, 6 lin. long.—A. africana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 30 (not
1844, sub t. 12); Paxt. Mag. Bot. xiii. 241, with plate; Puydt, Orch.
249, t. 5.

Upper Guinea. Without locality, long cultivated in gardens, Loddiges !
Kaka River, Elephant Forest, Earl of Scarborough !

4, A. humilis, Bull, Cat. 1891, 3. Pseudobulb a little thickened
in the middle, 6-9 in. long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse,
6-8 in. long, 1 in. broad. Panicle stalked, erect, 14 ft. high, branched.
Bracts oblong or ovate-oblong, acute, 1—2 lin. long. Pedicels 1-1} in.
long. Sepals oblong, subobtuse, 10—11 lin. long. ` Petals similar to the
sepals, subequal. Lip trilobed, 8 lin. long; side lobes semiovate,
obtuse; front lobe obovate, obtuse; disc smooth, 2-keeled or with a
much smaller middle one. Column clavate, 5 lin. long.—Gartenfl.
1891, 333 ; Kew Bulletin, 1892, App. ii. 30.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, growing
on the Baobab, Kirk ! Scott ! Cultivated specimens, Bull !

There is also a var. pallida, Bull. Le with the ground colour of the flowers milk-
white,

5. A. congoensis, Rodigas in Jil. Hort. 1886, 148 (name only);
N. E. Br. in Lindenia, ii. 30, 35, t. 64. Pseudobulb elongate, slightly
thickened in the middle, 9-12 in. long. Leaves oblong, subacute
(immature). Panicle erect, 6-8 in, long, very slightly branched.
Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Bracts ovate-triangular or triangular-oblong,
acute, 1-2 lin. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse,
9 lin. long, yellow spotted with brown. Lip trilobed, 5 lin. long; ‘side
lobes semiovate, obtuse, white striped with purple; front lobe obovate-
oblong, obtuse or emarginate, yellow; disc smooth, 2-keeled. Column
clavate, 4—5 lin. long.

Lower Guinea, Congo, cultivated specimens, Linden !

14. NEOBENTHAMIA, Rolfe in Gard. Chron, 1891,
x. 272, 273, fig. 33.

Sepals subequal, somewhat spreading; lateral slightly united at the
base, and slightly adnate to the base of the lip. Petals free, similar
to the sepals. Lip somewhat spreading, sessile at the base of the
column and somewhat adnate to it, entire, fleshy and somewhat
narrowed in the lower half; disc slightly hairy but without keels or
crest. Column short and stout, footless, angles subacute; pollinia 2,

Neobenthamia. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEA (ROLFE). 108

somewhat bifid, attached to two slender stipes, which are united at thə
extreme base, gland scale-like, semicircular.

An endemic monotype, allied to the Asiatic genus, Bromheadia, but very distinct
from anything else.

1. N. gracilis, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1891, x. 272, 278, fig. 33.
A tall, branching and somewhat straggling plant, 3-4 ft. high, with
slender, suberect or spreading branches. Leaves distichous, numerous,
linear, unequally bidentate, 5-7 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad. Raceme
terminal, short, many-flowered. Bracts linear-setaceous, 14—2 lin. long.
Pedicels 9-10 lin. long. Sepals and petals subequal, oblong, 5 lin. long,
2 lin. broad, white. Lip obovate-oblong, truncate or minutely apiculate,
undulate on the sides, narrowed below, white with a yellow middle
line and a row of rosy spots on either side; disc slightly pubescent.
Column white; anther-case dull-purple, minutely puberulous.—Bot.
Mag. t. 7221.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara Mountains, about 100 miles
inland, 1500 ft., cultivated specimens, Kirk !

Originally sent to Kew in 1884, and flowered there in 1890.

15. POLYSTACHYA, Hook.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 540.

Sepals connivent or somewhat spreading; dorsal free; lateral broader,
sometimes very broad, adnate to the foot of the column. Petals
like the dorsal sepal or often narrower. Lip superior, articulated
to the foot of the column, base contracted, entire or 3-lobed. Column
usually very short, broad, not winged, produced into a foot at the base ;
clinandrium short, truncate. Anther terminal, operculate, incumbent,
very convex, l-celled or imperfectly 2-celled ; pollinia 4, waxy, broadly
ovate, sometimes united in pairs, affixed to a short stipes and gland.
Capsule oblong or fusiform, sometimes elongate.—Epiphytic herbs.
Stems often short, sometimes thickened into pseudobulbs, mostly leafy.
Leaves distichous, oblong or narrow, often many-nerved, contracted
into sheaths at the base. Peduncle terminal, or rarely axillary, with a
few sheaths below, apex paniculate or racemose. Flowers small, rarely
medium-sized. Bracts small.

A widely diffused genus of over 90 species, most numerous in Tropical Africa, and
comparatively rare in India,

Pseudobulbs or stems approximate or tufted.
Lip not less than a third as broad as long.
Rhachis of inflorescence nearly straight, except rarely
in 59.
Crest of lip small, carinate or tooth-like.
Flowers under 3 in..long..
Scapes several or many-flowered.
Chin of the flower almost or quite twice as
long as the dorsal sepal.
Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong. 1. P. leonensis,
Leaves linear or oblong-linear.
Leaves 4—5 lin. broad ; inflorescence
many-flowered S , 2. P. farinosa.

104 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [ Polystachya. '

Leaves 2-3 lin. broad ; inflorescence
few-flowered . r 3. P. bifida.
Chin of the flowers not or very slightly
exceeding the dorsal sepal.
Lip sessile, with small basal side lobes.
Leaves linear-lanceolate; inflores-
cence simple or slightly branched 4. P. ensifolia.
Leaves lanceolate; inflorescence dense,
with several branches. ,
Side lobes of lip triangular, acute 5. P. pyramidalis.
Side lobes of lip ovate-oblong, sub-
obtuse . 6. P. rhodoptera.
Lip more or less unguiculate ; ie lobes,
when present, not basal.
*Inflorescence paniculate, except in 12
and 13; bracts acute from a
broad base; flowers 3-6 lin.
long (plants turning black in
drying).
Leaves solitary.
Leaves oblong s 7. P. cultrata.
Leaves linear (Eastern species) 8. P. gracilenta.
Leaves very narrow, 4 lin.
broad. (Western species) . 9. P. tenuissima.
Leaves two or more.
Flowers about 5-6 lin. long (see
also 19).
Inflorescence a lax, many-
flowered, panicle.
Lip unguiculate, trilobed . 10. P. laxiflora.
Lip rhomboid, obtuse-
angled. . . 11. P. dendrobiiflora.
Inflorescence about 4-flowered 12. P. albescens.
Flowers under 4 lin. long.
Inflorescence simple . , 13. P. nigrescens.
Inflorescence branched, _
Leaves 2-2} lin. long . 14. P. Rendlei.
Leaves 3—5 in. long.
Side lobes of lip rounded 15. P. Krenzlinii.
Side lobes of lip angular,
truncate in front . 16. P. imbricata,
** Inflorescence paniculate except some-
times in 17 and 30; bracts
acute or acuminate from a broad
base; flowers lł—4 lin. long,
except in 17 (plants not turn-
ing black in drying).
Flowers 6 lin. long . S hie P. Rive.
Flowers 1—4 lin. long.
Chin more or less obtusely
conical.
+Leaves more or less expanded
and flat.
Lip entire ° < , 18. P. paniculata.
Lip trilobed.

‘ Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE).

Plant 3-2 ft. high.
Flowers puberulous,
Front lobe of lip

broad and
nearly trun-
cate e

Front lobe of lip
oblong, subacute
Flowers glabrous or

subglabrous.
Flowers scarcely
2 lin. long
Flowers 23-3 lin.
long, green
Flowers 3-4 lin.
long, reddish-

brown . e
Plant 3-3 ft. high.
Front lobe of lip broad

and short.
Side lobes oblong,

acute
Side lobes obtuse
Side lobes semi-
ovate,apiculate
Front lobe of lip lin-
ear-triangular or

extended.
Side lobes trian-
gular, free
Side lobes rounded,

free S S
Side lobes linear,
free x S

Side lobes spathu-

late, united .

{Leaves more or less condu-
plicate.

Disc of lip slightly verru-

cose, with a pair of

obscure keels S

Disc of lip puberulous,

with a high keel at

the base .

Chin narrow and more or less
elongated.

Plant about a foot high .

Plant about 6 in. high .

***Tnflorescence racemose, or branched

in 36, 39, and 41; bracts long,

setaceous - acuminate; flowers

1-2 lin. long (plant not turning
black in drying).

Dorsal sepal obtuse . S S

Dorsal sepal acute or acuminate.

105

. 19. D odorata,

20, P. puberula.

. 21. P. tessellata.

. 22, P. Buchanani.

23. P. rufinula.

. 24, P. zanguebarica.
. 25. D modesta.

26. P. shirensis,

. 27. P. bennettiana.

28. P. Steudneri.
29. P, stauroglossa.

30. P, Stuhlmanni,

31. P. Mannii.

. 32. P. golungensis.

33. P. ramulosa.
34. P. nitidula.

35. P. Dusenii.

106

Scape 6 in. or more high.
Lateral sepals 1 lin. long,
acuminate.
Chin narrowed below the
middle 5 -
Chin broadest below the
middie.
Front lobe of lip subu-
late, acuminate
Front lobe of lip ovate-
lanceolate, acute .
Lateral sepals 2 lin. long,
setaceous-acuminate
Scape 3—4 in. high.
Flowers 14 lin. long
Flowers 2 lin. long.
Leaves subspathulate-ob-
long; discof lip glabrous
Leaves linear-oblong ; disc
of lip villous i
****Tnflorescence racemose, except some-
times in 44, 45 and 59; bracts
acute or acuminate from a broad
base; flowers 23-5 lin. long
(plants not turning black in
drying).
Leaves not, or scarcely, 2 lin. broad.

Plant 2 in. high e . 43.
Plant 6 in. or more high.
Front lobe of lip ovate, acu-
minate . 44,
Front lobe of lip ligulate, ob-
tuse . 45.
Leaves 8 lin. or more broad.
Lip entire.
Leaves 3 lin. broad . AG.
Leaves 6 lin. broad . GE

Lip trilobed.
Flowers 14-2 lin. long
Flowers 24 i 3 lin. long.
Pseudobulbs cylindrical
Pseudobulbs ovoid
Flowers 4—5 lin. long.
+Leaves 33 in. or less long,
oblong or proportion-
ally broad.
Front lobe of lip ovate or
elliptic-ovate.
Pseudobulbs 1-2-
leaved.
Petals subspathn-
late-oblong `
Petals linear-oblong
Pseudobulbs 3-4-
leaved x

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE).

36.

48.

: 49.
50.

51.

52.

. 53.

[Polystachya.

P. elegans.

. P. Ridley.
. P, Polychete.
. P, setifera.

. P, albo-violacea.

. P, coriscensis.

. P, Adansonia,

P. minima,

P. Shega.

D Beccarii.
P, caduca,
P. expansa.
D angularis.

P. simplex.
P. confusa.

P. pachyglossa.
P. zambesiaca.

P. Johnstoni.

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE).
Front lobe of lip suborbi-
cular . c
+{Leaves A in. or more long,
or proportionally nar-
row,
Pseudobulbs ovoid or nar-
row (unknown in
57).
Callus of lip absent
Callus of lip carinate.
Inflorescence pube-

. 54.

. 5B:

107

P, lawrenceana,

P, Holstii.

THOUS = . 56. D Kirki.
Inflorescence villous 57. P. villosa.
Callus of lip semi-
quadrate . . 58, P. dixantha,
Pseudobulbs dorsally flat-
tened . . 99. P. affinis.
Scapes 1-flowered . 60. P. cespitifica.

Flowers over 3 in, long.
Lip nearly straight . : ` .
Lip abruptly reflexed about the middle
Crest of lip large, 4-6-lobed.
Plant 3-6 in. high; flowers paniculate .
Plant about 2 in. high; flowers solitary .
Rhachis zigzag,

. P. grandiflora,
. P. reflexa.

, P, Preussii.
. P, alpina.

Stems with a single oblong-linear leaf . 65. P. disticha.
Stems with oblong-lanceolate leaves . . 66. P. caloglossa,
Lip very long, narrow, and doubly curved . . 67, P. elastica.
Pseudobulbs or stems slender, superposed.
Flowers paniculate. _
Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate . 68. P. fusiformis.

Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear .
Flowers racemose.
Claw of lip densely seiose . S
Claw of lip smooth.
Stems and leaves 21-4 in, long
Stems and leaves 1—14 in. long
Pseudobulbs ovoid, distantly arranged
Slender creeping rhizome.
Petals minutely tuberculate; front lobe of lip larger
than the side lobes .
Petals minutely setose;
obsolete .

on e

front lobe of lip nearly

. 69. P. superposita.
. 70. P, spatella.

=- 41: P. e
. 72. F. ruwenzoriensis,

. 73. P. bulbophylloides,

74, P. micropetala.

1. P. leonensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 112. Pseudobulbs
globose, depressed, 4 in. diam., closely arranged along the rhizome;
roots densely white-velvety; apex about 3-6-leaved. Leaves lanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-8 in. long, 6-13 lin. broad. Scapes
6-9 in. long, puberulous; racemes simple, lax, many-flowered. Bracts
acuminate from a broad triangular base, #-1 lin. long. Pedicels 4—5
lin. long. Flowers light-green, sometimes suffused with brownish-
purple ; lip white, with some purple on the side lobes behind. Dorsal
Sepal ovate, obtuse, 14-2 lin. long; lateral broadly triangular, ovate,

obtuse. Petals oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip

trilobed, 3 lin. long;

108 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

side lobes triangular-oblong, obtuse; front lobe rather larger, ovate,
obtuse; disc carinate, farinaceous, puberulous. Column stout, 1 lin.
long. Chin saccate, obtuse, 24-3 lin. long.—Rolfe in Gard. Chron.
1888, iii. 648. P. afinis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 35 (not of
Gen. & Sp. Orch.); Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 642.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Barter ! cultivated specimen, Loddiges ! Sugar-
loaf Mountain, common on mossy rocks and old logs on the higher part, Scott-Elliot,
5822! Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Lord Scarborough.

Lindley confounded this species with his P. affinis, and then redescribed P. affinis
as P. bracteosa.

2. P. farinosa, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 51. Plant 1-14 ft.
high. Pseudobulbs cylindric, elongate, about 6-8-leaved. Leaves
oblong, linear, bidentate, 3—5 in. long, 3—5 lin. wide. Racemes simple,
many-flowered, 1}4—3 in. long. Bracts triangular, apiculate, 4—3 lin.
long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Flowers white. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 14 lin. long; lateral very shortly and broadly triangular, obtuse
or apiculate. Petals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long. Lip 34 lin.
long, trilobed ; side lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, small; front lobe con-
duplicate and deeply keeled behind, oblong, obtuse; dise densely pul-
verulous with an oblong keel above the base. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Chin oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Mountains at 4000-5000 ft., Mann, 1339! 2115!
Buea, 3500 ft., Preuss, 1064.

3. P. bifida, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 129. Plant about
1 ft. high. Stem elongate, cylindric, slender, about 5-6-leaved.
Leaves linear, subobtuse, 24-43 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad. Racemes
simple, erect or nodding, 1-1} in. long, 5—7-flowered. Bracts triangular,
acute, }—} lin. long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse,
concave, 14 lin. long; lateral broadly triangular, obtuse. Petals linear,
obtuse, 14 lin. long, membranous. Lip linear-oblong, trilobed, 2} lin-
long; side lobes oblong, obtuse, small; front lobe oblong, fleshy, con-
duplicate, obtuse or tridentate, keeled below ; disc with a thick puberu-
lous, apiculate cushion at the base. Column stout, ł lin. long. Chin
saccate-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 23.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, Preuss! Fernando Po, 4000 ft., Mann»
649!

4. P. ensifolia, Lindi. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 129. Plant 1-14
ft. high. Stems subcylindric, elongate, slightly flexuous, 5—7-leaved.
Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 2-8 in. long, 5-7 lin. broad. Scapes
simple, or rarely slightly branched, erect or nodding, 14-2 in. long.
Bracts triangular, acuminate, 14-2 in. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long.
Flowers yellow. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, acute, concave, 2 lin-
long; lateral triangular, acuminate. Petals spathulate-lanceolate,
subacute, 1? lin. long. Lip hastately trilobed, 2 lin. long; side lobes
triangular-oblong, subobtuse, short; front lobe obcordate-oblong,
apiculate. Column stout, 1 lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse,

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEA (ROLFE). 109

14 lin. long. Capsule oblong, ł in. long.—Reichb. f. in Flora,
1867, 114.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1986! Angola: Golungo Alto;
Mt. Cungolungulo, 2300 ft., on decaying tree trunks, Welwitsch, 670!

The Angolan specimen cited by Reichenbach is in fruit only, but looks a little
different in the leaves and inflorescence, and turns black in drying.

5. P. pyramidalis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 130. Plant
14-2 ft. high. Stem tall, subcylindric, with about ten or eleven
distichous leaves from the base to the apex. Leaves lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 3-8 in. long, 4—1 in. broad.
Panicle shortly peduncled, a little branched, pyramidal, dense, 3-4 in.
long. Bracts very broadly ovate or obscurely trilobed, slightly undulate,
2-21 lin. long; rounded at the sides, triangular in front, acute or
acuminate. Pedicels 2) 3 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Dorsal sepal
ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 24-3 lin. long; lateral broadly triangular-
ovate, acute, strongly carinate. Petals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2-21
lin. long. Lip trilobed, 3 lin. long ; side lobes triangular, acute, incurved,
situated close to the base ; front lobe obcordate, with a small triangular
fleshy mucro in the sinus; disc pubescent. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Chin triangular-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long.—P. sulfurea, Brongn. in FI.
des Serres, xv. 45.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of Nun River, Mann, 522!

P. sulfurea, Brongn., is probably identical, as he himself doubtfully suggested.

6. P. rhodoptera, Reichb. f. in Hamb. Gartenz. xiv. 214
(“rhodopterya”). Plant about 9 in. high. Stems 3-4-leaved. Leaves
lanceolate, acuminate, 3—5 in. long, 2-7 lin. broad. Scape somewhat
branched, dense-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, reflexed,
2-2} lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Flower light-pink, with a yellow
lip. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, subobtuse, concave; lateral broadly
triangular-ovate, apiculate, 24 lin. long. Petals spathulate, concave,
apiculate, 2 lin. long. Lip subsessile, trilobed, 3 lin. long; side lobes
small, basal, ovate-oblong, subobtuse, incurved at the apex; front lobe
obcordate-oblong, emarginate or shortly bilobed, very much larger.
Column stout, 14 lin. long. Chin saccate, obtuse, about 2 lin. long.—
Gier Bot. Hamb. ii. 113. P. carnea, Brongn. in Fl. des Serres, xv. 45,
. 1521.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated in the garden of the School of
Medicine, Paris (ex Reichenbach).

Lower Guinea. Gaboon, Le Comte.

Flowered regularly since 1857 in the Jardin des Plantes, Paris (ex Brongniart).

I have only seen the published figure of this species.

7. P. cultrata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 851. Pseudobulbs linear-
oblong, or ovate, 1—4 in. long, 1-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse, or sub-
acute, 24 6 in. long, 3-11 in. broad. Scapes equalling or exceeding the
leaves, glabrous; panicle 3-3 in. long, more or less branched. Bracts
triangular-ovate, acute or acuminate, 1-14 lin. long. Pedicels 1-2 lin,

110 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Polystachya.

long. Dorsal sepal triangular-ovate, acute, 2$ lin. long; lateral
triangular-ovate, acuminate, carinate. Petals subspathulate-elliptic,
acute, 2} lin. long. Lip trilobed, cuneate-unguiculate ; side lobes
semiovate, obtuse, short ; front lobe ovate, apiculate; disc furfuraceous,
with a thick fleshy callus between the side lobes. Column stout, 2 lin.
long. Chin triangular-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.—Lindl. Gen. & Sp.
Orch. 73; S. Moore in Baker, Fl. Maurit. 361. Polystachya cultriformis,
Spreng. Syst. Veg. ili. 742; Kriinzl. in Engl. Pü Ost-Afr. ©. 155.
Dendrobium cultriforme, Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. 87.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Buea, 3100 ft., Preuss, 1009!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Silai and Mbaludorf,
6000 ft. (ex Krdnzlin), Kilimanjaro, Marangu, 6500 ft., Volkens, 2082!

A specimen from Mt. Kilimanjaro, higher slopes to 10,000 ft. above Marangu,
Taylor! is apparently the same species.

Also from Mauritius, Madagascar, and Bourbon.

8. P. gracilenta, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 251. Plant 16-20
in. high. Stem very slender, shining, l-leaved. Leaves linear, longer
than the raceme. Scapes slender, with a few sheaths; panicles short
and congested, 14-24 in. high; branches ancipitous; inflorescence
entirely glabrous. Bracts minute, triangular, acute, much longer than
the ovary. Dorsal sepal ligulate, obtuse; lateral triangular, obtuse.
Petals linear-spathulate, obtuse, about as long as the sepals. Lip much
curved, complicate; side lobes semiobovate, roundish, very small; front
lobe oblong, short, obtuse; callus rugulose, on upper third of lip to
the apex. Chin conical, obtuse, lightly curved.—Krinzl. in Engl. Pü.
Ost-Afr. C. 155.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 8200 ft., Stuhlmann, 2334.

Allied to P. cultrata, Lindl, The author describes the material as deficient, and
seems doubtful whether this species is distinct from the preceding one, though the
flowers are described as twice as large. I have not seen it.

A specimen from Butagu, Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., Scott- Elliot, 8050! is apparently
allied to this species.

9. P. tenuissima, Krdnzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 250. Stems very
slender, 4—1 lin. broad, 1-leaved. Leaves elongate-linear, acuminate,
6-9 in, long, 4 lin. broad. Scapes slender, partly nodding, with a sheath
at the base; panicles more or less secund ; branches distant ; rhachis and
ovary smooth, Bracts very minute, triangular. Flowers only 4 lin.
diam. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse; lateral broadly oblong or suborbi-
cular, apiculate. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, minute. Lip cuneate;
side lobes oblong, obtuse, rather large ; front lobe scarcely larger, nearly
orbicular; disc with a callus on the claw. Chin galeate, bifid at the
apex. Capsule ovoid-oblong, shortly pedicellate, 21 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 609!

Remarkable for its long, very narrow leaves.

10. P. laxiflora, Lindl, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 129. Plant
1-1} ft. high. Stems fairly stout, 3—4-leaved, not thickened at the

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 111

base. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, subobtuse, 4-8 in.
long, $-1} in. broad. Panicle usually ample, 3-7 in. long. Bracts
broadly triangular, shortly acuminate, 4—1 lin. long. Péedicels 3 lin.
long. Flowers whitish, pale yellow, or pale pink. Dorsal sepal ovate-
lanceolate, acute, concave, 4 lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate, acute or
acuminate. Petals spathulate-lanceolate, apiculate, 3 lin. long. Lip
broadly unguiculate, trilobed, 34 lin. long; side lobes semiovate, sub-
obtuse; front lobe broad, ovate-semiorbicular, apiculate; dise sub-
glabrous, with a broad approximately round callus near the base.
Column stout, 14 lin. long. Chin saccate, obtuse, 3 lin. long.—P. gale-
riculata, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 111.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bafodeya and Freetown, Scott-Elliot, 5903!
Lagos, Millen! Niger Delta: Nun River; on mangroves, Barter, 20126! Brass,
Barter, 1055! Fernando Po, Mann, 437!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Como River, Bates, 477!

I cannot find any character by which to separate P. galericulata, Reichb. f.

11. P. dendrobiiflora, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 76. Pseudo-
bulbs fusiform. Pedicels elongate, with a long, lanceolate, free sheath
below, paniculate above ; branches racemose, 3—5-flowered. Flowers as
large as in Dendrobium barbatum, Lindl. Sepals ligulate, acute. Petals
a little narrower. Lip rhomboid, obtuse-angled; dise furfuraceous.
Column angled near the stigma. Chin obtuse-—Durand E Schinz,
Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 34.

Lower Guinea. Angola (ex Durand A Schinz).

The author, in the original description, omits all reference to the native country

and affinity, but it is apparently closely allied to the preceding species. I have not
seen it.

12. P. albescens, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 199. Stems slender,
5 in. long, not thickened. Leaves narrow, lanceolate-linear, acuminate
or acute, 4 in. long, 44 lin. broad. Scapes a little shorter than the
longest leaves, flattened, short, about 4-flowered. Flowers as large as
those of P. laxiflora, Lindl., nodding, greenish-white, with rose-coloured
labellum. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate or acute, 2 lin. long. Pedicels
5 lin. long, scaberulous. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acute; lateral
triangular, acute, glabrous. Petals spathulate, acute, a little shorter
than the sepals. Lip entire, hastate, recurved, as long as the sepals,
pubescent, with a linguiform, fleshy callus in the middle. Column
stout, short. Chin gibbous.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: Peak of St. Thomas, about 7200 ft.,
Moller,

Only known to me from the description, but said to be allied to P. rosea, Ridl. and
P. galericulata, Beicht, f., and to turn black in drying.

13. P. nigrescens, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 200. Plant about
7-9 in. tall. Stems slender, elongate, about 3-5-leaved. Leaves linear
or oblong-linear, subobtuse, 14-4 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad. Scapes sub-
erect, 24-3 in. long, few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate-acuminate from a

112 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). | Polystachya.

broader base, recurved, 14-2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong,
acute, 24-3 lin. long; lateral triangular, acuminate. Petals sub-
spathulate-lanceolate, acute, 24 lin. long. Lip 4 lin. long, cuneate-
unguiculate at the base ; limb broadly ovate or subtrilobed ; side lobes
broadly rounded ; front lobe ovate, subacute, undulate, recurved ; dise
smooth with a pair of parallel linear-oblong calli in the centre. Chin
saccate-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Capsule oblong, 10-13 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Wimi, 7000-8000 ft., among
tree-ferns, Scott-Elliot, 7897! Butagu, 9000-10,000 ft., among heather, Scott-
. Elliot, 7958!

14. P. Rendlei, Rolfe. Plant 3-3 ft. high. Stems cylindric,
2-5-leaved. Leaves linear—oblong, obtuse, 2-3% in. long, 4-5 lin.
broad. Panicles 14-2 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts triangular-
ovate, acute or acuminate, 1-24 lin. long. Dorsal sepal triangular-
ovate, acute, 2} lin. long; lateral broadly triangular, acute. Petals
subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, with narrow base, 2} lin. long. Lip
3 lin. long, unguiculate; limb obscurely trilobed; side lobes very
broadly rounded; front lobe small, oblong, obtuse ; disc puberulous ;
crest central, broadly oblong with raised margins. Chin saccate-oblong,
obtuse, 3 lin. long. Capsule oblong, 8—11 lin. long.—Polystachya, n. sp.
Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, iv. 46.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mlanje, Whyte! Zomba, 6000-7000
ft., Kirk !

The plant turns black in drying.

15. P. Kreenzlinii, Zelt, Plant 9-12 in. high. Stems cylin-
dric, 5-5-leaved. Leaves oblong, minutely bidenticulate, 24-4 im.
long, 6-9 lin. broad. Panicles nearly sessile, 14-2} in. long. Bracts
triangular-ovate, acute, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal triangular-ovate, acute, 3 lin. long; lateral broadly triangular;
apex faicate-acuminate. Petals subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, 24 lin.
long. Lip 3 lin. long, unguiculate, subtrilobed ; side lobes broadly
rounded ; front lobe triangular, acute ; disc puberulous with a central,
roundish-oblong tubercle. Column stout, $ lin, long. Chin saccate-
oblong, obtuse, 2} lin. long.—P. shirensis, Kränz), in Engl. Pfi. Ost-
Afr, C. 155 (not Reichb. f.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mascheua, 6200 ft., on
trees, Holst, 8748!

Very different from D shirensis, Reichb. f., to which Kranzlin refers it, It turns
black in drying, and is near P, Rendlei, Rolfe, and P, imbricata, Rolfe.

16. P. imbricata, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 172. Plant 4-6
in. high. Stems erect, 2-3-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, acute, 3-54
in. long, 2-6 lin. broad. Inflorescence a dense, branched, congested
panicle, 1-4 in. long. Bracts ovate, acuminate, imbricate, rigid, 1-2
lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, 3 lin.
long; lateral triangular, acuminate. Petals subspathulate-oblong,
subobtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 3 lin. long, broadly semi-
ovate, obtuse ; side lobes broadly rounded ; front lobe triangular-ovate,

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 113

apiculate ; disc puberulous, with a central quadrate or roundish callus.
Column stout, 1 lin. long. Chin oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long.
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa, cultivated specimen !
Described from a plant cultivated by Mr. J. O’Brien, who received it from Mr.

J. Buchanan, C.M.G. It is usually marked by its dense panicle and imbricate
bracts.

17. P. Rivæ, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb, Boiss. ii. App. ii. 88. Plant
6-16 in. high. Pseudobulbs aggregated, subcompressed, bicarinate,
not thickened below. eaves 4—5, oblong-oval or oblong-linear, 44-6 `
in. long, 5-10 lin. broad. Peduncle longer than the raceme, clothed
with 4-6 convolute sheaths. Bracts ovate, long cuspidate or sub-
aristate, recurved, twice as long as the pedicels. Pedicels 3—4 lin.
long. Flowers large, light yellow, nearly as broad as long. Sepals
connivent ; lateral triangular-ovate, acute or apiculate, slightly keeled,
6 lin. long, the gibbous base being 4 lin. long; dorsal oblong-ovate,
acute or apiculate. Petals spathulate, as long as the dorsal sepal and
scarcely half as broad. Lip shortly unguiculate, trilobed, as long as the
lateral sepals, pubescent inside, yellow; side lobes connivent, broadly
ovate, acute ; front lobe similar, but thickened and recurved ; disc convex.
Capsule oblong-oval, rounded at the apex, shortly constricted at the
base, 9 lin. long.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Cliffs near Selet, below Saganeiti, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth,
1272! 1686! Mt, Alamkale, near Aidereso, 5900 ft., Schweinfurth, 1809 !

18. P. paniculata, Rolfe. Pseudobulb oblong, stout, 5—4-leaved,
3-34 in. long. Leaves oblong, obtusely bilobed at the apex, 4—54 in.
long, 14-14 in. broad. Inflorescence paniculate, shortly peduncled,
with a pair of compressed, oblong, obtuse sheaths at the base, 13-2}
in. long; panicle branches 1-1} in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
subulate-lanceolate, }-1 lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long. Sepals
lanceolate, acute, 13-1? lin. long; lateral rather broader, Petals
linear, acute, 1-1} lin. long. Lip entire, ovate—oblong, acute, concave,
reflexed at the apex, 14 lin. long; disc with a small, rounded tooth
near the base. Column stout, } lin. long. Chin shortly and broadly
rounded, 4 lin, long.—Dendrobium paniculatum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues
Journ. i. 97; Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 523; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 92.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, without precise locality, Afzelivs !

_ 19. P. odorata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vi. 130. Stems erect
9—9 in. high, a little stouter at the base. Leaves lanceolate or lan-
ceolate-oblong, shortly or abruptly acuminate, narrowed below, 6—10 in.
long, 1-13 in. broad. Panicles 6-12 in. long, much branched above;
branches puberulous. Bracts subulate-acuminate from a broader base,
13-2 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Flowers white, fragrant. Dorsal
sepal ovate-oblong, apiculate, 13 lin. long; lateral broadly ovate,
apiculate, 24-23 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 24 lin. long ; side lobes oblong,
obtuse, slightly curved; front lobe orbicular or broadly obovate- or

obcordate-oblong ; disc nearly pubescent, with a linear keel from the
VOL. VII. I

114 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

middle to the base. Column oblong, 1 lin. long. Chin broadly
saccate, obtuse, 1? lin. long. Capsule elliptic-oblong, 6—8 lin. long.—
Kriinzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 90, t. 248, figs. 14-16, t. 249,
fig. 4; Krinzl. in. Mitth. Deutsch, Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 156.

Upper Guinea. Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1483! Cameroons, Braun !
Fernando Po, Mann, 436!

20. P. puberula, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 851. Pseudobulbs ovate.
Stems short. Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate, subacute, 6-8 in. long,
10-12 lin. broad. Panicles branched, 3-7 in. long, many-flowered ;
branches puberulous. Bracts triangular-ovate, acuminate, 1-1} lin.
long. Pedicels 14-24 lin. long. Flowers greenish-yellow. Dorsal
sepal ovate-oblong, apiculate, 14 iin. long; lateral ovate, apiculate,
2 lin. long. Petals linear-oblong, apiculate, 14 lin. long. Lip trilobed,
2 lin. long; side lobes roundish-oblong ; front lobe oblong, obtuse,
equalling or scarcely larger than the side lobes; dise covered with a
mealy pubescence and usually bearing a short, oblong, central callus.
Column oblong, 1 lin. long, slightly pubescent on the face. Chin broadly
saccate, obtuse, 1} lin. long.—Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 73 ; Benth. in
Hook. Niger Fl. 530; Krinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889)
156.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; cultivated specimens, Don! Loddiges!
Cameroons, Braun.

Flowered in the collection of the Horticultural Society in 1824.

Only known to me from garden specimens. The flowers are a little smaller than
those of P. odorata, Lindl., and the front lobe of the lip is a little smaller, and has a
much shorter keel.

21. P. tessellata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 130. Stems
leafy, 3-6 in. long, slightly swollen at the base. Leaves oblong, or
elliptic-oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, 4-8 in. long, 3-1} in. broad.
Scapes 1-14 ft. high, with numerous lateral branches, the lowermost
almost at the base, many-flowered. Bracts subulate-lanceolate from a
broader base, acuminate, recurved, 3—14 lin. long. Pedicels 2-24 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 1—14 lin. long; lateral
triangular-ovate, apiculate. Petals subspathulate-linear, apiculate,
somewhat incurved, 1 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 14 lin. long; side lobes
broadly oblong, obtuse, somewhat incurved ; front lobe suborbicular or
obcordate-orbicular, crenulate; disc mealy-pubescent, with a linear keel
from base to apex. Column oblong, 2 lin. long. Chin oblong, obtuse,
1} lin. long. Capsule oblong, 6 lin. long.—Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot.
v. 198. P. Hypocrita, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881, xvi. 685.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: mouth of the Nun River, Mann! D

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas: Angolares; at Lagoa and Angra de S. João,
Quintas, 8! 84! Angola: Golungo Alto; at Cungulongo, on old tree trunks,
Welwitsch, 655! Pungo Andongo; at Mata de Mutollo, Welwitsch, 704!

I am unable to find any character to separate P. Hypocrita, Reichb. f. The

absence of tessellation in the flowers is of no importance, as this character only appears
in the dried specimens,

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 115

Fruiting specimens collected in Sierra Leone, on fig-trees in Freetown cemetery,
Barter ! without locality, Scott-Elliot ! and Niger Delta : Brass River, Barter, 1856 !
the latter marked as having “ deep purple flowers,” apparently represent a closely allied
species. A similar specimen from Lagos, Millen ! is also allied, but none of them are
determinable in their present condition.

22. P. Buchanani, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 335. Plant
4-1} feet high. Stems short, slightly thickened, 2—4-leaved. Leaves
lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, 4-8 in. long, 3-13 in. broad. Scapes
4-14 ft. long, much branched above; branches dense, many-flowered,
puberulous. Bracts triangular-subulate, acuminate, recurved, 1-1}
lin. long. Pedicels 23-3 lin. long. Flowers light yellow to green,
with a faint trace of purple-brown near the margins of the sepals.
Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, or apiculate, 11 lin. long; lateral triangular-
ovate, apiculate, much larger than the dorsal. Petals spathulate-linear,
subobtuse or apiculate, 1} lin. long. Lip trilobed, 14 lin. long; side
lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse ; front lobe orbicular-ovate ; apex obtuse or
emarginate, reflexed ; disc farinaceous-pubescent ; callus a linear, fleshy
keel from the middle to near the base. Column stout, 1} lin. long.
he saccate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Capsule oblong, 6-8 lin.
ong.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Giryama Mountains, Taylor !

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: cultivated specimens!

Described from a cultivated plant sent from British Central Africa by Mr. J.
Buchanan, C.M.G., to Mr. J. O’Brien, of Harrow-on-the-Hill. Originally flowered at
Glasnevin in 1889.

Taylor’s specimen is in fruit only, but I think it belongs to this species.

23. P. rufinula, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, xi. 41. Pseudo-
bulbs short, thickened at the base, 2-24 in. long, 3-leaved. Leaves
lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, 34—6 in. long, 3-1 in. broad. Scapes 6-8
in. or more long, branched above or rarely simple, many-flowered ;
branches slightly puberulous. Bracts subulate-lanceolate or ovate,
acuminate, 1-2 lin. long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
apiculate, 14-2 lin. long ; lateral triangular-ovate, much larger. Petals
linear, acute, 14 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 24-3 lin. long; side lobes
roundish-oblong ; front lobe quadrate-suborbicular ; apex emarginate or
shortly bilobed ` disc farinaceous-pubescent, with a central linear-oblong
thickened callus. Column stout, 1 lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong,
obtuse, 14-2 lin. long. Capsule elliptical-oblong, 6-7 lin, long.—
Reichb. f. in Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 76.

Mozamb, Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimens !

Only known from garden specimens, which are said to have been sent home by
Dr. Kirk. It originally flowered in the collection of Captain Hincks, in 1879.

24. P. zanguebarica, Koltz, Plant 6 in. or more high. Leaves
oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, 5 in. long, 6-9 lin. broad. Scapes panicu-
late, pedunculate, 6 in. long. Bracts triangular, acuminate, 1 lin. long ;
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, concave, 14 lin. long;

116 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

lateral triangular-ovate, acute. Petals linear-lanceolatc, acute, 14 lin.
long. Lip 2 lin. long, unguiculate, trilobed; side lobes oblong, acute,
small; front lobe semiorbicular, crenulate, obtuse or retuse; disc
glabrous with an acute keel. Column stout, 4 lin, long. Chin saccate-
oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb, Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk !

This is allied to the Natal P. similis, Reichb. f., but differs in having an acute
keel to the lip.

25. P. modesta, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 114. Pseudobulbs
ovate-oblong, thickened at the base, ł—1 in. long, 3-leaved. Leaves
oblong, subobtuse, 3-34 in. long, 5-8 lin. broad. Pedicels smooth.
Panicles slightly branched, dense, 4—2} in. long. Bractssmall. Flowers
14 lin. long, yellow. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, 1} lin. long;
lateral triangular-ovate, acute. Petals linear-oblong, acute, 1} lin. long.
Lip trifid in front; side lobes antrorse, obtuse; front lobe broader,
crenulate; disc furfuraceous ; callus ancipitous at the base. Chin 4 lin.
long. Capsule elliptical-oblong, 3} lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near Quisonde, on trunks of old
trees in the primeval woods, very rare, Welwitsch, 675!

Allied to P. nitidula, Reichb. f., but much smaller, The British Museum speci-
men consists of a single flower and fruit, accompanied by a sketch.

26. P. shirensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 112. Stems
dwarf, 5-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, subobtuse, 21—44 in. long, 5-8
lin. broad. Scapes 6 in. long. Panicle small, 14 in. long, with 2 very
short branches. Bracts triangular-ovate, acute, } lin. long. Dorsal
sepal ovate, obtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate, obtuse, twice
as large as the dorsal one. Petals oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Lip (ex
Reichenbach) cuneate, dilated, trilobed to the middle; side lobes semi-
ovate, apiculate, flat, incumbent, larger than the front lobe; disc fur-
furaceous, carinate towards the base. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin
saccate-oblong, obtuse, } lin. long. Capsule elliptic-oblong, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Lower Valley of River Shire, Meller!

The lip was imperfect in the single withered flower examined, which was taken
from the apex of a nearly mature capsule on the type specimen. A plant collected at
Madi by Speke and Grant, 715! is very similar, though apparently not identical. The
plant cited by Krinzlin as P. shirensis is quite distinct. See P. Krenzlinit, Rolfe.

27. P. bennettiana, Beicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 113. Stems
fusiform, not pseudobulbous, 4-leaved. Leaves cuneate-ligulate, 5 in.
long, 5-6 lin. broad; apex unequally acute. Racemes with a small
branch at the base, few-flowered. Bracts triangular, minute. Pedicels
obscurely puberulous. Flowers scattered. Dorsal sepal narrow ; lateral
much broader, triangular. Petals lanceolate, acute ; base cuneate. Lip
with a very short base, cuneate-dilated, trilobed; side lobes triangular
front lobe extended, broader. Chin very short, conical.

Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper !

Allied to P. caduca, Reichb. f., but larger, and with a differently shaped lip.

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 117

28. P. Steudneri, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 113. Plant 6-8 in.
high. Stems short, slightly thickened into an oblong pseudobulb
below, 4—5-leaved. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, not coriaceous,
2-43 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad. Scapes slightly puberulous, simple or
slightly branched. Bracts triangular-ovate, acute, or aristate, } lin.
long. Flowers about 1} lin. long. Sepals triangular, the dorsal
narrow. Petals linear. Lip trilobed, with a short linear claw; side
lobes rounded ; front lobe linear-ligulate, acute; disc furfuraceous,
with an angled keel extending down the middle of the disc. Chin obtusely
angled, minute. Capsule elliptical-oblong, 3 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Upper Guang, “on Acacia sanguinea,”
Steudner, 704, Fogara, near the River Reb, Stewdner, 702!

The character of the flowers is taken from Reichenbach’s description, the specimens
seen being imperfect.

29. P. stauroglossa, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 155. Stems
aggregated, not bulbous, 4—5-leaved. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
minutely bilobed. Panicles sparingly branched, smooth, with many
small flowers. Bracts triangular, very minute. Flowers 1 lin. diam.,
whitish-yellow with rosy margins. Dorsal sepal ovate; lateral much
larger, nearly quadrate, concave. Petals ligulate, subacute. Lip very
narrow, linear at the base, trilobed; side lobes linear; front lobe tri-
angular, acute, smaller than the side lobes ; disc swollen. Chin very
obtuse or nearly absent.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 22.

Nile Land. British East Africa: West of Lendu, 3600 feet, Stuhlmann, 2670.

Only known to me from the original description.

30. P. Stuhlmanni, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 155.
Habit of P. Steudneri, Reichb. f. Stems not thickened at the base
or only slightly so, 3—4-leaved. Leaves linear, obtuse. capes simple
or sparingly branched, slightly puberulous. Flowers very small.
Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, minute; lateral triangular, aristulate, much
larger. Petals linear. Lip trilobed; side lobes erect, spathulate in
front and united; front lobe linear-triangular, acuminate; disc
puberulous with some crystalline hairs.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb.
Zx. 22.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Mpororo, Stuhlmann.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Bukoba, on Lake Victoria Nyanza, Stuhl-
mann, 4105.

Said to be allied to P. Steudneri, Reichb, f., but the flowers are smaller and more

hairy, and the side lobes of the lip are united in a remarkable way. I have not
seen it,

31. P. Mannii, Rolfe. Plant 9-12 in. high. Stems cylindrical,
3-4 in. high, 4~5-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, subobtuse, 4—5 in. long.
Panicles slightly branched, 4—5 in. long. Bracts linear-setaceous, re-
flexed, 1-2 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
Subobtuse or apiculate, concave, 1 lin. long; lateral ovate-oblong,
carinate, apiculate. Petals ovate-oblong, subobtuse, ł lin. long. Lip

118 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Polystachya. `

2 lin. long, broadly unguiculate, subtrilobed; side lobes broadly
rounded ; front lobe broadly ovate, subobtuse or apiculate ; disc slightly `
verrucose and with a pair of obscure keels. Column stout, 4 lin. long. ;
Chin oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 4000-6000 feet, Mann, 2113 in part!

32. P. golungensis, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 185. Plant 10 in.
high. Stems short, slightly swollen at the base, 2—3-leaved. Leaves
linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, rather rigid, 14-4 in. long, 3-4 lin.
broad, ‘‘ canaliculate, faleate, curved” (Welwitsch). Scapes puberulous,
somewhat branched above ; flowers densely arranged on the branches.
Bracts broadly triangular-ovate, acute, } lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse, 2 lin. long; lateral broadly triangular-
ovate, obtuse. Petals oblong-linear, } lin. long. Lip trilobed, 14 lin. . -
long; side lobes oblong, obtuse; front lobe broadly ovate, obtuse op `.
emarginate, much larger than the side lobes; disc puberulous and with `
a high keel at the base. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate, `
obtuse, 1 lin, long. Capsule elliptic-oblong, 2} lin. long.—Reichb.
f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 60.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, “the commonest of all orchids in this
region, and not infrequent on old branches of Adansonia,” Welwitsch, 674!

South Central. Monbuttu, Schweinfurth, 3450!

Schweinfurth’s Monbuttu specimen has a dwarfer scape and shorter capsules, s0
that its identity is a little uncertain. -

33. P. ramulosa, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 76. Stems
very short. Leaves subradical, lanceolate-oblong or elliptic-oblong,
subacute or apiculate, 3-5 in. long, 10-13 lin. broad. Scapes 6-9 in.
long, branched above; branches puberulous. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate or subulate-acuminate from a broader base, 4—3 lin. long.
Pedicels 1 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, apiculate, ł lin. long;
lateral obliquely ovate, falcate-apiculate, broader. Petals linear-oblong,
apiculate, over 4 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 2 lin. long ; side lobes ovate,
apiculate, or broadly rounded-auriculate ; front lobe ovate, apiculate,
a little longer than the side lobes; disc glabrous. Column oblong,
scarcely } lin. long. Chin oblong, subobtuse, ł lin. long.—Walp. Ann.
vi. 643; Kränzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 156.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimens, Loddiges ! Ashanti:
Assin-Yan-Coomassie, on high trees, Cummins !

The side lobes of the lip are more rounded and auriculate in Cummins’ Ashanti
specimens, but otherwise the two plants seem identical.

34. P. nitidula, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1867, 114. Plant 5-6 in.
high. Stems scarcely swollen at the base, 3-leaved. Leaves linear-
oblong, acute, 14-3 in. long, 4—5 lin. broad, nitidulous on both sides.
Bracts broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate, ł lin. long. Peduncle
densely vaginate, with scarious acute sheaths; branches of panicle
puberulous, subflexuous, scarcely branched. Pedicels 14 lin. long-
Flowers pale purple or violet-purple, 14 lin. long. > Lip very short,

‘Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 119

dilated from a cuneate base, trilobed ; side lobes obtusely angled; front
lobe large, broad, semiovate, emarginately bilobed; disc copiously
hairy; callus swollen, pilose, oblong, narrow at the extreme base. Chin
acutely angled, 1 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, near Cuango rivulet, on stems of Adan-
Sonia, very rare, Welwitsch, 659!

35. P. Dusenii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 250. Stems

aggregated, elongate, slender, 2—3-leaved. Leaves recurved, linear,
apex bilobed; lobes rounded. Scapes as long as the leaves, setose.
Bracts long-aristate, shorter than the ovary, deflexed after flowering.
- Flowers tessellated. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, minute; lateral
forming a very obtuse galea at the base; apex mucronate. Petals
linear, acute, much smaller than the sepals. Lip cuneate; side lobes
` semiobovate, ascending, implicate; front lobe triangular, acuminate,
~. deflexed. Column very stout. Chin very obtuse.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Dusén, 261.

Only known to me from the original description. It is allied to P. tessellata,
Lindl., but is much dwarfer, The largest specimen is said to be only 8 in. high.

36. P. elegans, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 113. Plant 1 ft.
high. Stems stoutish, cylindrical, 3—4-leaved, 3-5 in. long. Leaves
linear-oblong, obtuse, 3-5 in. long, 4—7 lin. broad. Panicles 4—5 in.
long, branched ; branches densely puberulous, many-flowered. Bracts
setaceous, acuminate from a slightly broader base, 1-1} in. long.
Pedicels 1 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 1 lin.
long ; lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate. Petals lanceolate-oblong,
acute, 1 lin. long. Lip 2 lin. long, broadly unguiculate ; side lobes
rounded, obtuse; front lobe broadly triangular-ovate, mucronate ; disc
glabrous. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin oblong-obtuse, 14 lin. long.
Capsule broadly pyriform-oblong, 14 lin. long.

Upper Guinea, Cameroon Mountains, 4000—6000 ft., Mann, 1338! 2113!

In the dried state the flowers become a dull cinnabar-orange colour. A plant
from the island of St. Thomas, which has been referred here by Ridley, is distinct.
See next species,

37. P. Ridleyi, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs fusiform-oblong, 1} in. long,
d—4-leaved. Leaves elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 3 in. long, 5 lin. broad.
Inflorescence racemose. Bracts setaceous, reflexed, 2-3 lin. long.
Pedicels short. Dorsal sepal triangular-ovate, acuminate, 1 lin. long ;
lateral broader and more acuminate. Petals filiform, 4 lin. long. Lip
4 lin. long, very shortly unguiculate, trilobed; side lobes broadly
rounded ; front lobe subulate-acuminate, longer than the side lobes.
Column stout, ł lin. long. Chin saccate-obtuse, ł lin. long. Capsule
elliptic-oblong, 2 lin. long.—P. elegans, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v.
198 (not Reichb. f.).

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, 2600 ft., Moller, 1! Bom Successo, 4300 ft., on
trees, Moller, 83!

Distinct from P. elegans, Reichb, f., to which it is referred by Ridley.

120 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Polystachya.

38. P. Polychete, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 50. Plant
6-9 in. high. Stems slightly thickened below, 4—5-leaved. Leaves
oblong-linear, obtuse, 25—5 in. long, 3—5 lin. broad. Scapes pubescent ;
racemes erect, simple, very dense. Bracts linear-setaceous from a
slightly broader base, deflexed,.14—2 lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long.
Flowers greenish-white. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, ? lin. long ; lateral
triangular-ovate, mucronate-acuminate. Petals linear, acute, 3—4 lin.
long. Lip trilobed, 2 lin. long; side lobes rounded, auriculate ; front
lobe ovate-lanceolate, acute; disc a little hairy. Column stout, $ lin.
long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Capsule elliptical, 2 lin.
long.—Krinzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 155.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, in the primeval forest, West of Buea,
4200 ft., Preuss, 881.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Bukoba, on Lake Victoria Nyanza,
Stuhlmann !

Kranzlin identifies the Western and Eastern plants together. I have only seen
the latter, from which the above description is taken,

39. P. setifera, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 130. Stems short,
slightly thickened below, 2—3-leaved. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, subobtuse, 3—7 in. long, 7-12 lin. broad. Scapes about 9 1n.
long. Panicles small, with about 2 side branches, puberulous. Bracts
setaceous-acuminate from a broader base, 1-2 lin. long. Pedicels ? lin.
long. Flowers puberulous, dull purple. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, 1} lin. long; lateral ovate-oblong, setaceous-acuminate,
2 lin. long. Petals linear, acuminate, 1 lin. long. Lip subentire, ovate,
subacuminate, 1} lin. long, submembranous, with a narrow, slender,
central keel. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse,
4 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1984!

Remarkable for the setaceous sepals and the thin, ovate lip.

40. P. albo-violacea, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 50. Pseudo-
bulbs approximate, ovate-oblong, 3-1 in, long, 2—3-leaved. Leaves
linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, 14—3 in. long (or longer, fide Krénzlin),
3 lin. broad. Scapes 4 in. long; racemes simple, puberulous. Bracts
narrowly setaceous from a broader base, reflexed, 14 in. long. Pedicels
1-1} lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute or apiculate, 2 lin. long;
lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate, much larger than the dorsal.
Petals linear, subacute, 3 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 1 lin. long; side lobes
roundish-oblong or auriculate ; front lobe ovate-lanceolate, acute, longer
than the side lobes; disc naked, but with a small callus between the
side lobes. Column stout, } lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse,
1 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Barombi, on trees, Preuss, 298!

41. P. coriscensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 112. Plant
3—5in. high. Stems very short, slightly thickened, 3-4-leaved. Leaves

oblong or subspathulate-oblong, obtuse, 14-34 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad.

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 12]

Scapes short, puberulous, simple or rarely slightly branched, many-
flowered. Bracts setaceous-acuminate, deflexed, 14—24 lin. long. Pedicels
l-14 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate or ovate-oblong, subacute, 1 lin.
long; lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate, much larger than the
dorsal. Petals linear, acuminate, 1 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 14 lin.
long, broad at the base; side lobes broad, with obtuse, rounded apex ;
front lobe triangular, acute; disc not hairy and without. a callus.
Column stout, } lin. long. Chin saceate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.
Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Corisco Bay, Mann, 1884!

42. P. Adansoniz, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 185. Plant 4-5 in.
high. Pseudobulbs approximate, ovate-oblong, #—14 in. long, 3—4-leaved.
Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse, 11-24 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad. Scapes
hispidulous-pubescent ` racemes simple, 11 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts setaceous-acuminate, 2-24 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, acuminate, 1} lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate,
acuminate. Petals falcate-linear, acuminate, 1} lin. long. Lip tri-
lobed, 14 lin. long; side lobes rounded-auriculate ; front lobe lanceolate,
acuminate, reflexed; disc villous. Column stout, $ lin. long. Chin
saccate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Capsule elliptical-oblong, 3-4 lin.
long.—Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 112 (in note).

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, “through the whole district on trunks
of Adansonia,’ Welwitsch, 654!

43. P. minima, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 198. Plant 21 in.
high. Stems short, slender, 2-leaved. Leaves linear, subobtuse, 24 in.
long, 13 lin. broad. Scapes short, slender, flexuous, setulose ; racemes
few-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute. Pedicels 1 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 24 lin. long; lateral triangu-
lar,acute. Petals linear-lanceolate, acute, 2} lin. long. Lip unguiculate,
2} lin. long, limb obscurely trilobed; side lobes rounded; front lobe
ovate-acuminate; disc wholly pubescent. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Chin narrowly oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands; Mount Sochi, on
trees, Scott-Elliot, 8519 !

44. P. Shega, Kränzl. in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 155. Plant
6-9 in. high. Pseudobulbs aggregated, a little swollen at the base,
2—3-leaved. Leaves linear, acute, 2-6 in. long, 1-14 lin. broad.
Racemes hispidulous-puberulous, simple, many-flowered, 14-3 in. long.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-2 lin. long. Pedicels 2-24 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acuminate, 4-4} lin. long; lateral
triangular-lanceolate, acuminate. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, 34 lin.
long. Lip trilobed, 3} lin. long; side lobes semi-oblong, rounded at
the apex; front lobe ovate, acuminate; disc glabrous. Column stout,
l lin. long. Chin oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jabrb.
1, 22.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mlalo and Amboni, among
stones, Holst, 2431!

R22 i CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

There is a slender basal branch on the inflorescence, but the species has no affinity
with the paniculate set. The name appears to be derived from the native name
“ Shega.

45. P. Beccarii, Reichb. f. in Martelli, Florul. Bogos. 80.
Pseudobuibs cylindrical, slender, 1 in. long, 3-leaved, Leaves linear-
lanceolate, 5 in. long, 2 lin. broad. Peduncles slender, 1 ft. long;
rhachis very slightly puberulous, racemose. Bracts triangular, scarcely
as long as the pedicel. Dorsal sepal acute ; lateral triangular, acute,
broader than the dorsal. Petals ligulate, acute. Lip broadly clawed,
trilobed; side lobes obtusely auriculate; front lobe ligulate, obtuse,
with an ancipitous callus on the claw; disce slightly furfuraceous.
Column very short. Chin angulate, dwarf.

Nile Land. Eritrea: along the road from Keren to Massowa, near Maldi,
Beccari.

Only known to me from the original description.

46. P. caduca, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 110. Pseudobulbs
ovoid, 4—6 lin. long, 2?—3-leaved. Leaves Jinear or oblong-linear, sub-
acute or apiculate, 1-3 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad. Scapes 14-2 in, long,
few-flowered, puberulous. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 14-2 lin.
long. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, concave, 24 lin.
long; lateral obliquely triangular, acuminate. Petals lanceolate-oblong,
acuminate, 2} lin. long. Lip unguiculate, 3 lin. long, entire ; limb ovate,
acuminate, slightly undulate, puberulous, with a transverse callus near
the base. Column stout, L lin. long. Chin oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long.
Capsule oblong, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, 8200 ft., on tree stems, Schimper, 1159 !

47. P. expansa, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 198. Pseudobulbs
conical,. 14 in. long, 14 in. thick at the base, 2-leaved. Leaves
lanceolate-lorate, obtuse, 6 in. long, 4 in. broad, the upper shorter.
Scapes stoutish; racemes many-flowered; rhachis stout, pubescent.
Flowers 4 in. diam., resupinate, expanded. Braçts cupuliform, short,
apiculate. Dorsal sepal obovate, obtuse, apiculate; lateral broadly
oblong-ovate, obtuse, shortly mucronate, widely spreading. Petals
oblong, truncate, shorter than the sepals. Lip entire, recurved,
sigmoid-oblong, dilated at the apex, abruptly truncate, with a tooth-
like, appressed, acute callus at the base, pruinose nearly all over.
Column short.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, without precise locality, Wilford !

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas: Angolares, Quintas! near Lagoa Amelia and
S. Pedro, 3900 ft., Moller !

48. P. angularis, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 114. Plant 6 in.
high. Pseudobulbs 2-4-leaved, ovate-oblong, 9 lin. long. Leaves
oblong or linear-oblong, acute, 3-34 in. long, 6-7 lin. broad. Scapes
racemose, puberulous, few-flowered, 1 in. long. Bracts triangular-
acuminate, {~1} lin. long. Pedicels hairy, longer than the bracts,

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 123

3 lin. long. Flowers deep yellow. Dorsal sepal linear-ligulate, 14 lin.
long; lateral broader than the dorsal. Petals linear, acute, 14 lin.
long. Lip broadly dilated, trifid; side lobes triangular; front lobe
longer than the side lobes, subretuse, apiculate; disc velvety, puberulous.
Column very short. Chin conical, obtuse.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; terrestrial, on high, precipitous
rocks at Pedro de Cazella and Pedro de Canbondo, rare, and not seen under 3400 ft.,
Welwitsch, 696!

A fruiting specimen collected on the Niger Delta, at Grand Bassa, by Vogel !
seems allied to the present one, but the material is inadequate for satisfactory
determination.

49. P. simplex, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 199. Plant about
6 in, high. Stems subcylindrical, moderately stout, about 3-leaved.
Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 13-3 in. long, 5-7 lin.
broad. Scapes about 1} in. long; racemes pubescent, few-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long,
Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 24 lin. long; lateral triangu-
lar-ovate, acuminate. Petals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long.
Lip shortly unguiculate, trilobed, 2 lin. long ; side lobes rounded ; front
lobe broadly ovate, apiculate; disc smooth with a narrow keel at the
base. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Wimi, on rocks at the foot of
the waterfall, 6200 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7827 !

50. P. confusa, Rolfe. Plant very dwarf. Pseudobulbs approxi-
mate, ovoid, 4 lin. long, 1—2-leaved, the younger ones with two or three
ovate, acute, protecting sheaths. Leaves spreading, oblong, subobtuse,
1j-1} in. long, 3-4 lin, broad, narrowed at the base. Scapes erect,
l-1% in. high, pubescent, 1 or few-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, 1-14
lin, long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, 3
lin. long; lateral broadly triangular-ovate, acute, as long as the dorsal.
Petals linear-oblong, acute, 24 lin. long. Lip 3 lin. long, broadly
unguiculate, trilobed; side lobes rounded; front lobe broadly ovate;
obtuse, somewhat concave; disc puberulous. Chin broadly saccate-
oblong, about as long as the dorsal sepal. Column stout, 1 lin. long.—
P. capensis, Kränz]. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 155 (not Sond.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Kifinika Volcano, 9100 ft.,
Volkens, 1892!

Very different from P. capensis, Sond., with which Krinzlin bas identified it.

5l. P. pachyglossa, /eichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 73. Plant 3-4 in.
high. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, 4-3 in. long, 1-2-leaved. Leaves
oblong, obtuse 3-1} in. long. Scapes erect, simple, few-flowered, about
l} in. long. Bracts triangular, acute, 1-1} lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, 3-34 lin. long;
lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate. Petals subspathulate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, 24-3 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 3 lin. long, with a very short and

124 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). | Polystachya.

broad claw; side lobes rounded-auriculate, erect, retrorse; front lobe
ovate, obtuse; disc with a slender, transverse callus near the base and
a few short hairs behind. Column stout, ł lin. long. Chin saccate-
oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long.—Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 9, t. 207, fig. 1.
P. polyglossa, Durand & Schinz, Conspec. Fl. Afr. v. 36.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimens!

Only known to me from the original specimen, which flowered at Kew in 1872. It
seems most allied to the South African P. pubescens, Reichb. f.

52. P. zambesiaca, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 192. Pseudo-
bulbs elliptical or elliptic-oblong, subcompressed, 2—3-leaved, 5—9 lin.
long. Leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, conduplicate at
the base, glaucous and carinate beneath, 14-3} in. long, 3-7 lin. broad.
Scapes pubescent, 4—8-flowered, 2~3 in. long. Bracts broadly rhomboid-
ovate, acuminate, pubescent, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long.
Flowers greenish-yellow, with a deep brown spot on the front of the
column, and some light purple veining on the side lobes of the lip.
Sepals triangular-ovate, acute; dorsal + lin. long; lateral broader
than the dorsal, carinate, 5 lin. long. Petals linear-oblong, bidenticu-
late, incurved, 3 lin. long. Lip recurved, trilobed; side lobes erect,
rotundate; front lobe ovate, obtuse, 3 lin. long; disc with a broad,
oblong, pubescent callus. Column stout, 1 lin. long. Chin saccate-
oblong, 2 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa, cultivated specimen!

Described from a plant sent from British Central Africa by Mr. J. Buchanan,
C.M.G., and fiowered in the collection of Mr. James O’Brien in 1894.

53. P. Johnstoni, /olfe. Plant 3-4 in. high. Pseudobulbs sub-
globose, 7-8 lin. long, 3—4-leaved. Leaves oblong, obtuse or emarginate,
recurved, 13-2} in. long, 6-8 lin. broad. Scapes subcompressed or
ancipitous, whole inflorescence and flower villous, 2-3 in. long ; racemes
1-1} in. long, many-flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate, acute, spreading
or recurved, 2-2} lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-
lanceolate, acute, 5 lin. long ; lateral triangular-ovate, carinate. Petals
faleate-lanceolate, acute, + lin. long. Lip 34 lin. long, trilobed, reflexed ;
side lobes reniform-orbicular; front lobe elliptic-ovate, acute; disc
villous, with a transverse fleshy tubercle at the base of the front lobe.
Column stout, 1} lin. long. Chin saccate, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Capsule
oblong, 8-9 lin. long.

Mozamb. Bist. British Central Africa: Mt. Mlanje: Lukubu and Palombi
gorges, 4000 ft., MeClounie, 34! Futchila ridge, in open unshaded places, 7500 ft.,
“found on a ‘ Yucca’ stem, in large clumps, small bulbs thickly together,” Me Clounie, 2

54. P. lawrenceana, Kränzl. in Gard. Chron. 1898, xiv. 150.
Pseudobulbs subglobose. Leaves linear-oblong, acute, 34 in. long, 1 in.
broad. Scapes 4-6 in. long, puberulous ` racemes simple, few-flowered,
distichous. Bracts large, rhomboid, acute, two-thirds as long as the
pedicels, puberulous; apex reflexed. Flowers about 7 lin. diam.
Dorsal sepal oblong, acute ; lateral very broadly triangular, acute,
carinate, yellowish-green. Petals as long as the dorsal sepal, linear-

Polystachya. CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). 125
Y yY

lanceolate, acute, yellowish-green. Lip trilobed, pale lilac; side lobes
dolabriform, rounded at theapex ; front lobe much larger than the side
lobes, nearly orbicular, sulcate in the middle, rugulose; apex deflexed ;
sides somewhat coarctate ; disc with a triangular, densely pilose callus.
Column very short.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa, cultivated specimen !

Introduced by Mr. J. Buchanan, C.M.G., and flowered in the collection of Sir

Trevor Lawrence in 1893. A specimen from Zanzibar, Kirk, appears to be very closely
allied.

55. P. Holstii, Kränzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 150, t. 287,
jig. 1. Plant about 6 in. high. Stems short, thickened at the base,
forming an ovoid-oblong pseudobulb, } in. long, 2-leaved. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, subacute, 4—5 in. long, 3—4 lin. broad. Scapes 3-31
lin. long, pubescent ; racemes 6—10-flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate,
acuminate, 1—2 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
acute, 24 lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate. Petals oblong,
acute, 24 lin. long. Lip strongly recurved, 14 lin. long; side lobes
broadly rounded ; front lobe triangular-ovate, acute ; disc villous, some
of the hairs subclavate, without callus. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse. Capsule oblong, 7 lin. long.—P. kili-
manjari, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, ii. 349 (name only);
Durand & Schinz, Conspec. FI. Afr. 35 (“ kilimandjari”); Rendle in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 384; Krinzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 155
(“ kilimandschari”).

Nile Land. British East Africa: Kilimanjaro Expedition, 40-60 miles from
the coast, Johnston ! Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor !

Reichenbach’s name is most inappropriate, as the species was not found on Mt.
Kilimanjaro at all, and as no description was published it cannot be recognised.

56. P. Kirkii, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 282. Pseudobulbs
cespitose, linear-oblong, subterete, 1-leaved, 1}-2 in. long. Leaves
sessile, linear-oblong, acute, 3-5 in. long, 7—10 lin. broad. Scapes
slender, puberulous, sometimes slightly branched, few-flowered, base
ancipitous, 2-3 in. long. Bracts triangular-lanceolate, acute. Pedicels
2-24 lin. long. Dorsal sepal lanceolate-ovate, acute, 34 lin. long ;
lateral broadly triangular, carinate; apex subfalcate, acute. Petals
lanceolate, acute, 34 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 3} lin. long; side lobes
semioblong, very obtuse, erect; front lobe ovate, acute ; disc pubescent,
with a linear-oblong, fleshy, pubescent keel. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Chin oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa district, cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Originally flowered at Kew in 1894,

57. P. villosa, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 393. Leaves linear-
lanceolate, elongate, acute, 10 in. long, 5 lin. broad. Scapes 3 in. long,
erect, villous ; racemes many-flowered, whole inflorescence and flowers
softly villous-pubescent. Bracts triangular-ovate, acuminate, carinate,
villous, 4 lin, long. Pedicels villous, 3 lin. long. Flowers pale whitish-

126 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE# (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

green; keel of the lateral sepals dull purple; lip white with minute
purple spots on the disc and a light yellow line between the side lobes.
Sepals villous; dorsal ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long;
lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate, 4 lin. long, slightly keeled outside.
Petals subspathulate-oblong, acute, 24 lin. long. Lip recurved, trilobed,
2 lin. long; side lobes erect, semiovate-orbicular ; front lobe ovate,
acuminate; disc with a slightly thickened line or obscure fleshy keel
between the side lobes. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate-
oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long. _

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa, cultivated specimen !

Described from a plant introduced by Mr. J. Buchanan, C.M.G., which flowered in
the collection of Mr. James O’Brien, in 1890. Remarkable for its softly villous-
pubescent inflorescence, and the colour of the flowers which resembles the pale green
of some species of Sphagnum.

58. P. dixantha, Peichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xvii. 294.
Stem somewhat terete, 2-leaved, straight. Leaves linear-ligulate, acute.
Peduncle with three yellow sheaths; rhachis velvety, lax-flowered ;
racemes simple. Bracts triangular, shorter than the pedicels. Pedicels
puberulous. Flowers ochre-coloured; lip with purple side lobes and
dark yellow disc. Dorsal sepal linear-triangular; lateral triangular,
acuminate. Petals linear-falcate, acute. Lip cuneate-dilated from a
broad base, pilose; side lobes quadrate ; front lobe triangular, apicu-
late; disc with an orange, semiquadrate callus in the upper part.
Chin large, obtuse.

West Tropical Africa. Without locality.

Only known to me from the original description, but apparently near P, afinis,

Lindl., which the flowers are said to equal in size. It flowered in the collection of
Mr. T. Christy, in 1882.

59. P. affinis, Lindl. Gen. d: Sp. Orch. 73 (not elsewhere). Pseudo-
bulbs dorsally flattened, suborbicular, approximate, 1-1? in. diam.,
2-leaved. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, acute or shortly acuminate,
34-7 in. long, 1—14 in. broad. Scapes 6-12 in. high, villous ; racemes
simple or a little branched, 4-7 in. long. Bracts ovate, acuminate,
distichous, 4—6 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-
oblong, subobtuse, 24-3 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate-oblong, sub-
obtuse. Petals subspathulate-oblong, subobtuse, 24—3 lin. long. Lip
trilobed, 3-34 lin. long ; side lobes broadly rounded ; front lobe ovate-
oblong, obtuse ; disc with a linear, fleshy keel, which is pubescent at
the sides. Column stout, 14—14 lin. long. Chin saccate, 2 lin. long.
—P. bracteosa, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 48; Bot, Mag. t. 4161;
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 642. :

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don! cultivated specimens, Loddiges! Whit-
field! near Wallia, Scott-Elliot, 46278! Ashanti: Brafu Edru, on trees, Cummins !
Lagos, Millen! Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1863!

This species has been confused with P. leonensis, Reichb. f,

60. P. ceespitifica, Kranz. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 155. Plant
scarcely 4 in. high. Pseudobulbs narrowly cylindrical, 1-leaved, densely

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 127

cæspitose. Leaves linear, obtuse, apiculate. Scapes very short,
l-fowered. Flowers scarcely 2 lin. broad, bright yellow. Dorsal
sepal narrowly ovate, acute, concave; lateral very broadly ovate-
triangular, acute. Petals linear, a little broader above, acute. Lip
clawed, broadly cuneate, trilobed ; side lobes large, oblong-ovate, obtuse,
somewhat curved; front lobe triangular, acute; dise wholly furfura-
ceous, shining at the apex.—Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 21.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mbaramu, on tree trunks
in old forests, Holst, 2481,

The habit is described as that of a small Masdevallia. I have not seen it,

61. P. grandiflora, Lindl. in Bot. Mag. t. 3707. Pseudobulbs
cylindrical, slender, 3-4 in. long, 1-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, 5-8 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad. Scapes 3-3} in. long, 1 or few-
flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate, acuminate, 2—24 lin. long. Pedicels
5 lin. long. Flowers green, with a few brown spots on the lateral
sepals; lip white. Dorsal sepal triangular, acuminate, 7 lin. long;
lateral very broadly triangular, acuminate, much larger than the
dorsal. Petals subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, 44 lin. long. Lip
unguiculate, 9-10 lin. long, trilobed ; side lobes roundish-oblong ; front
lobe ovate, orbicular, obtuse, obscurely crenulate; disc a little fleshy
and puberulous. Column very short and stout. Chin saccate-oblong,
obtuse, ł in. long.—Limodorum cucullatum, Afzel. ex Sw. in Vet.
Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1800, 243 (name only); Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 521;
Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 185; Polystachya cucullata, Durand & Schinz,
Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 34; Dendrobium galeatum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues
Journ. i. 96; Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 523; Bulbophyllum galeatum, Lindl.
Gen. & Sp. Orch. 57; Polystachya galeata, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
vi. 637; P. macrantha, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 36 (in note).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Fig-tree Cemetery, Barter! Makunde Limba,
Scott-Elliot, 5719! and without locality, Afzelius! Alleard! Lagos, cultivated
Specimen !

62. P. reflexa, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1841, Mise. 18. Pseudobulbs
subterete, slender, 2 in. or more long, I-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, 54 in. long, 10-11 lin. broad. Scapes #-1 in. long, 1- or few-
flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, recurved, obtuse, 2 lin. long.
Pedicels 4 lin. long. Flowers white with a faint tinge of pink. Dorsal
sepal ovate, acuminate, 5 lin. long; lateral broadly ovate, acuminate.
Petals subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, 4 lin. long. Lip 8 lin. long,
broadly unguiculate and crenulate, tinged with green, abruptly reflexed
in the middle, and with a yellow cushion of jointed hairs below, a little
constricted in the middle; front lobe dilated, obovate, suborbicular,
obtuse or apiculate. Column very short and stout. Chin saccate,
obtuse, 8 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 637.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone, Whitfield!

Only known to me from a garden specimen; it is allied to P. grandiflora, Lindl.,
but readily distinguished by the very different lip.

128 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Polystachya.

63. P. Preussii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 51. Plant 3-6 in.
high. Pseudobulbs with an ovoid or ovoid-oblong base, }—1 in. long,
narrowed above, 2—4-leaved. Leaves oblong-linear, obtusely bidentate,
1-3 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad. Racemes simple, #-1? in. long. Bracts
triangular-ovate, acuminate, 3-1} in. long. Pedicels 15—2 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute, 2} lin. long; lateral broadly
triangular-ovate, acuminate. Petals lanceolate, acute, 24 lin. long.
Lip 34 lin. long, spathulate, with a long, pubescent claw; limb
suborbicular, apiculate; disc with a large 4-lobed callus at the base
of the limb. Column stout, 1} lin. long. Chin oblong, obtuse, 24 lin.
long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains: Buea, 6800-8200 ft., epiphytic on
Hypericum, Leucothoe, &e., Preuss, 934! 1021!

The remarkable callus indicates a close affinity with P. a/pina, Lindl.

64. P. alpina, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 131; vii. 220. Plant
only about 2 in. high. Stems dwarf, slightly swollen at the base,
2-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, unequally bidentate, 1—14 in. long,
14-14 lin. broad.. Scapes short, hispidulous, 1-flowered. Bracts ovate,
acuminate, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong,
obtuse, concave, 2 lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate, acute. Petals
lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. long. Lip 34 lin. long, unguiculate; claw
with incurved, ciliate margin; limb broadly ovate, acute, or apiculate ;
callus large, fleshy, 6-lobed, flat, situated at the base of the limb.—
Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 187.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 6000 ft., on trees, Mann, 647!

A very small plant with solitary flowers, dark red-brown when dried, remarkable
for the large, fleshy, 6-lobed callus.

65. P. disticha, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 139. Plant 4 in.
high. Pseudobulbs narrow, 2 in. long, l-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, 2 in. long, } in. broad. Racemes simple, 8—10-flowered. Bracts
distichous, equitant, triangular, acute, rigid, 1 lin. long. Pedicels
rugose, 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long;
lateral broadly ovate, subacute. Petals oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long.
Lip entire, rounded-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, as long as or longer
than the sepals; disc pubescent. Column stout.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Quintas, 28!

66. P. caloglossa, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 111. Plant
10-12 in. high. Stems cylindrical, elongate, 4-leaved. Leaves lanceo-
late-oblong, acuminate, 24-4 in. long, 7-12 lin. broad. Panicles
slightly branched, about 14 in. long, glabrous; rhachis very flexuose.
Bracts distichous, conduplicate, triangular, acute, 14-2 lin. long.
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acuminate, 5 lin. long ;
lateral broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate, Petals elliptic-lanceolate,
acute or apiculate, 4 lin. long. Lip 4 lin. long, broadly unguiculate,
limb reniform, orbicular, obtuse or apiculate; disc glabrous; callus

Polystachya. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 129

broadly triangular-oblong, slightly bidentate, dorsally flattened. Column
stout, 1} lin. long, Chin oblong, obtuse, 3} lin. long.
Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 5000 ft., Mann, 2110!

67. P. elastica, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 131. Plant 6 in.
high. Stems short, slightly thickened at the base, 2~3-leaved. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, subacute, 2-3 in. long, 2-24 lin. broad. Scapes 6 in.
long, pubescent; racemes simple, few-flowered. Bracts very broadly
ovate, acute or apiculate, ?-1 lin. long. Pedicels 5 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal ovate-oblong, acute, 34 lin. long; lateral broadly and obliquely
triangular-ovate, mucronate. Petals subspathulate-oblong, obtuse or
apiculate, 34 lin. long. Lip doubly curved into the form of an S,
trilobed, } in. long; the basal third broadly unguiculate, with a high
callus, narrow and apiculate in front; the middle third oblong, covered
with a longitudinally-grooved hairy cushion, and bearing a pair of
rounded, crenulate side lobes near its apex; the apical third incurved,
obovate, truncate, very concave, and with an apiculate tooth on the
back at its base. Column stout, 14 lin. long. Chin triangular-oblong,
54 lin. long.—Dendrobium roseum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. 97 ;
Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 523; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 92.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bagru River, Mann, 902! and without precise
locality, Afzelius!

A very remarkable species with a large mass of thin, flat roots like those of the
leafless Angrecums. Lindley says that its labellum, which is a long, narrow, yellow
body with an inflexed terminal lobe, is thrown back forcibly when the flower expands,
so as to hang down over.the hood formed by the united lateral sepals. By what
mechanical contrivance this is effected I have been unable to determine. In the bud
State the tooth on the back of the lip is exactly opposite to the apex of the sepals and

petals, and the concave front lobe of the lip is tucked away behind the column in a
remarkable manner,

_ 68. P. fusiformis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1824, sub t. 851. Plant 6-9
in. high. Pseudobulbs fusiform-oblong, superposed, 2-3 in. long, 3-4-
leaved. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 2-5 in. long,
4-7 lin. broad. Panicles 2-21 in. long. Bracts triangular, acuminate,
3-1 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, apiculate, 1
lin. long ; lateral resembling the dorsal, but broader. Petals oblong
or subspathulate-oblong, subacute, 1 lin. long. Lip 1 lin. long, un-
guiculate, trilobed ; side lobes rounded-oblong, obtuse : front lobe ovate,
subobtuse or apiculate; disc subglabrous, without a callus. Column
stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Capsule oblong,
4 lin. long.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. C. 155. Dendrobium
fusiforme, Thou. Orch. Des Afr. t. 86.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mascheua (ex Kréinzlin).

Also found in Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, and the Seychelles. I have seen
no Tropical African specimens, and the description is made from Mascarene ones.

69. P. superposita, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 111. Pseudo-
bulbs slender, cylindric, superposed, each arising from above the

middle of the previous one, 2-34 in. long, 3-4-leaved. Leaves linear
VOL. VII. K

130 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Polystachya.

or oblong-linear, 1-3 in. long, 2-3) lin. broad. Seapes slender, more
or less branched; panicles #-11 in. long, often somewhat deflexed,
setose-hispid. Bracts lanceolate-acuminate from a broader base, {-1
lin. long. Pedicels 1-1} lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, con-
cave, 1 lin. long; lateral broadly ovate, obtuse. Petals subspathulate-
oblong, apiculate, incurved, 1 lin. long. Lip trilobed, ł lin. long;
side lobes erect, oblong, subobtuse ; front lobe ovate-suborbicular,
obtuse, somewhat recurved. Column stout, 4 lin. long. Chin saccate-
oblong, obtuse.
Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 5000 ft., Mann, 2125!

70. P. spatella, Kränzl.in Engl. Jahrb. xix.251. Stems slender,
scarcely thickened at the base, 2-leaved. Leaves linear-lanceolate,
4 lin, long, 4 lin. broad ; apex acutely bilobed. Scapes slender, nodding,
longer than the leaves ` racemes short, few-flowered ; rhachis slightly
flattened, setulose. Bracts long, setaceous from a triangular base,
shorter than the ovary. Flowers 5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad. Dorsal
sepal lanceolate, concave; lateral broadly oblong, subfalcate, acute.
Petals narrowly linear, acute, of the same length as the sepals. Lip
with a long, linear, densely setose claw, thence suddenly dilated into a
three-lobed, sparsely setose limb; side lobes oblong, obtuse; front
lobe orbicular, umbonate in the middle, and with some thickened lines
radiating from it to the margin. Column short, foot setose. Chin
cylindric, as long as the rest of the flower.—Krinzl. in Engl. P. Ost-
Afr. ©. 155.
ae Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, in forest, 8200 ft., Stuhlmann,

Only known to me from the original description.

71. P. Elliotii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 198. Plant 6-9 in.
high. Stems slender, superposed, 1—2-leaved. Leaves linear or linear-
lanceolate, acute or subacute, 24-4 in. long, 24-3 lin. broad. Scapes
slender, 2-2} in. long, setulose ; racemes simple, few-flowered. Bracts
triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, 1 lin. long. Pedicels 1-2 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, acute, 21 in. long; lateral triangular-
ovate, acuminate. Petals lanceolate, subacute, 2 lin. long. Lip 4 lin.
long, unguiculate, trilobed; side lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse ; front
lobe ovate-orbicular, apiculate; base of limb with a chin-like swelling
on the lower surface; dise smooth, but with a slightly thickened callus
between the side lobes. Column stout, 14 lin. long. Chin oblong,
obtuse, 24 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., on tree trunks, Scott-
Elliott, 7796 !

72. P. ruwenzoriensis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 199. Plant
6 in. high. Pseudobulbs subcylindric, superposed, 1-1} in. long,
2-leaved. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 1-1} in. long,
1}—2 lin. broad. Scapes slender, 1 in. long, puberulous, few-flowered.
Bracts ovate, acuminate, 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, acute,

Polystachya. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 131

2 lin. long; lateral triangular-ovate, acuminate. Petals linear-lanceo-
late, acute, 24 lin. long. Lip 44 lin. long, unguiculate; limb trilobed ;
side lobes broadly semiovate, obtuse, with a plication at the base ; front
lobe ovate, acute ; disce smooth, with a transverse, crenulate, membranous
callus between the side lobes. Column stout, 14 lin. long. Chin
oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Capsule oblong, triquetrous, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, Butagu, 9000 ft., among heather,
Seott-Elliot, 8617 !

73. P. bulbophylloides, folfe in Kew Bulletin, 1891, 199; 1892,
App.41. Rhizome creeping. Pseudobulbs 4-7 lin. apart, ovoid-globose,
24-3 lin. long, 2-leaved. Leaves elliptic-oblong, minutely bidenticu-
late, somewhat fleshy, 4-7 lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad. Scapes lateral,
slender, 1-1? in. long; racemes simple, usually few-flowered. Bracts
ovate, acute or apiculate, 3—11 lin. long. Flowers subsessile. Dorsal
sepal ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 1} lin. long; lateral triangular-
ovate, acute. Petals reduced to a very minute tubercle. Lip 14 lin.
long, oblong, somewhat trilobed at the apex; side lobes minute; front
lobe larger, ovate, with a recurved, subobtuse apex; disc smooth.
Column stout, } lin. long. Chin saccate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long.—
Dendrobium pumilum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. 97; Pers. Syn.
Pl. ii. 523. = Bulbophyllum? pumilum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 54.
Bulbophyllum apetalum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 127.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bagru River, Mann! and without precise
locality, Afzelius ! Niger Delta: Brass River, on oil palms, Barter, 72!

The habit of this species is precisely that of a small creeping Bulbophyllum, to
which genus Lindley referred it, remarking: “This singular little species has flowers
like miniatures of Aconitum Lycoctonum. ` For petals there‘are ohly two minute rudi-
ments; the lip resembles that of some Polystachyas, and the column has two deep,
fleshy, purplish cheeks,”

74. P. micropetala, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs }-1 in. apart, on a
Slender, creeping rhizome, oblong or ovoid-oblong, 3-5 lin. long, 2-
leaved. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse, 5-8 lin. long, 14 lin.
broad. Scapes slender, suberect, 14-14 in. long; racemes 4 in. long,
few-flowered; rhachis flexuous. Bracts distichous, ovate, subacute,
lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, concave, } lin. long; laterals
very broadly triangular-ovate, subacute, 2 lin. broad. Petals repre-
sented by two minute bristles. Lip ł lin. long, cuneate-oblong at the
base, trilobed ; side lobes extending into a pair of triangular, acute
arms ; front lobe nearly obsolete ; dise smooth. Column stout, $ lin.
long, with a pair of short, truncate arms. Chin } lin. long, saccate,
eas micropetalum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 4000 ft., Mann, 644!

A peculiar little plant allied to the preceding. The petals are much reduced, and
are easily overlooked.

132 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Saccolabium.

16. SACCOLABIUM, Blume; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 578.

Sepals subequal, free, spreading, sometimes fleshy. Petals similar to
the sepals or nearly so. Lip affixed to the base of the column, and con-
tinuous with it, saccate or calcarate at the base; side lobes erect,
usually small, sometimes nearly obsolete ; front lobe erect or spreading,
oblong or rounded, sometimes very fleshy, generally shorter than the
spur; disc smooth or with a small appendage at the mouth of the spur.
Column short, broad, sometimes very broad, without wings, and foot-
less ; clinandrium truncate or nearly so. Anther terminal, operculate,
incumbent, convex, obtuse or subacute, 1-celled or imperfectly 2-celled ;
pollinia 2, subglobose, entire, sulcate or bipartite, attached to a slender,
linear or clavate stipes, with small squamiform gland. Capsule globose,
oblong, or rarely elongate, with slender or prominent ribs.—Epiphytic
herbs. Stems short or somewhat elongate, leafy, not thickened into
pseudobulbs, Leaves distichous, spreading, coriaceous, fleshy, or rarely
slender, flat or rarely terete, articulated to a persistent sheath.
Peduncles lateral, simple or branched. Flowers small or medium-
sized, arranged in lax or dense racemes or panicles. Bracts small.—
Acampe, Lindl. Fol. Orch., Acampe, 1.

A genus of over 60 species, widely diffused in India and Malaya, with a few Poly-
nesian representatives, one Australian, and a few in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.
The African species all belong to the section Acampe (formerly considered a distinct
genus), characterised by its very fleshy lip.

Spur conical e . . ° e b H

, 1l. S. pachyglossum.
Spur rounded, S s S S z 7 L

mombasense.

1. S. pachyglossum, Aalt, Stem stout, with thick roots.
Leaves ligulate, unequally bilobed at the apex, 9} in. long, 14 lin.
broad. Panicles unequal. Sepals and petals cuneate or oblong-ligulate,
subacute. Lip trilobed ; side lobes very dwarf, semioblong, angled in
front; front lobe quadrate, asperulous, with a pair of keels on the dise,
and another dwarf one near the mouth of the spur ; spur conical, small.
—Acampe pachyglossa, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 76.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1991!

2. S.mombasense, Folfe. Plant glabrous, stout. Leaves oblong-
ligulate, 8 in. long, 1} in. broad; apex obliquely emarginate. Spikes
shortly racemose or somewhat paniculate, 3-4 in. long. Bracts short,
semiorbicular-ovate, Flowers thick, fleshy. Dorsal sepal spathulate-
ligulate, obtuse, 5 lin. long, 24 lin. broad ; lateral similar to the dorsal,
2 lin. broad, oblong-ligulate. Petals much like the sepals but
more spathulate, 1} lin. long. Lip 43-5 lin. long, trilobed; side lobes
short, rounded, pubescent above ; front lobe thick, broadly 5-angled,
obtuse, 2 lin. long, very papillose on the margin and upper face; disc
with a lamelliform keel between the side lobes, terminating in an obtuse

Saccolabium. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 133

tooth; spur roundly gibbous. Column stout, 1 lin. long.—Acampe
mombasensis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 386.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa Island, Taylor /

Near the preceding, but the leaf is less linear, the flowers nearly twice as large,
and the spur rounded, not conical.

17. ANGRASCUM, Bory, Voy. i. 359, t. 19; Benth. et Hook.
f. Gen. Pl. iii. 583, in part.

Sepals and petals subequal, free, spreading or subconnivent. Lip
attixed to the base of the column and continuous with it, produced at
the base into a long, often very long spur ; side lobes small or obsolete,
at the sides of the spur; limb spreading or erect, entire or trilobed.
Column very short, broad, concave in front, without wings and footless ;
clinandrium truncate, entire. Anther terminal, operculate, incumbent,
convex, often produced in front, scarcely 2-celled ; pollinia 2, globose,
sulcate; stipes single, clavate or slender; gland squamiform, simple.
Capsule oblong or fusiform.—Epiphytic herbs; stems leafy or rarely
leafless, long or short, not thickened into pseudobulbs. Leaves dis-
tichous, coriaceous or fleshy, articulated to a persistent sheath.
Peduncles lateral, simple. Flowers often large or medium-sized, race-
mose or subsolitary. Bracts usually small.—adinocion, Ridl. in Bolet.
Soc. Brot. v. 200. Calyptrochilum, Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 30.

A genus of 80 or 90 species, widely diffused in Continental Africa and the Mas-
carene Islands, with an outlying species in Japan. The genus is bere limited to those
with a single stipes to the pollinia, which is the only absolute character by which it
can be separated from the allied genera,

Stems leafy.
“Stems very short ; leaves basal.
Caudicles of pollinia 2-armed from the middle (un-
known in 2),
Racemes 6-10 in. long . e . . . 1. A. flabellifolium.
Racemes 3 in. long : : ¢ : 2. A. brachycarpum.
Caudicles of pollinia simple, wherever known.
Leaves broader or not narrower at the apex than
at the base (unknown in 21, see also 2 above).
+Sepals and petals 4-12 lin. long.
Petals ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate,

or narrow.
Spur short, with broadly infundibular
mouth i S S : . 3. A. Galeandre.

Spur long and slender,
Column more or less stout, not half as
long as the sepals.
Racemes 2—5 flowered, usually erect
or suberect.

Petals elliptic, subacute . . 4, A. alcicorne.
Petals broadly lanceolate, acumi-
nate. 5. A. Kirkii.

Petals narrowly lanceolate, acumi-
nate , S S e . 6. A. rohlfsianum

CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE).

Racemes many-flowered, usually pen-
dulous,
Spur 4-8 in, long.
Spur a little thicker near the
apex, ~. -
Spur not thickened at the apex
Spur 3 in. or less long.
Sepals and petals elliptic-ob-

[| Angrecum.

7. A. kotschyanum.
8. A. Granti.

long, apiculate 3 . 9. A. pachyurum,
Sepals and petals lanceolate, acu-
minate.
Spur 4-5 in. long . , 10, A. avicularium.
Spur 14-24 in. long.
Sepals and petals broadly
lanceolate ; . 11. A. bilobum.
Sepals and petals narrowly
lanceolate , 12. A. Batesi.
Spur under 1 in. long.
Leaves unequally bilobed,
upper lobe subacute . 13. 4. flexuosum.
Leaves obscurely bilobed or
obliquely bidentate . 14. 4. henriquesianum.
Column long and slender.
Spur filiform, with narrow apex . 15. A. arachnopus.
Spur filiform with clavate apex . 16. 4. gracillimum.
Petals obovate, subobtuse or apiculate.
Bracts ovate-oblong, 2—24 lin. long . 17. A. rhodostictum.
Bracts triangular, minute 5 > , 18. A. luteo-album.
+tSepals and petals 14-24 lin. long.
Spur longer than the sepals and petals.
~ Bracts shorter than the pedicels,
Leaves 34-4 in. long, 6-8 lin. broad . 19. A. Rohrii.
Leaves 2-3 in. long, 3-34} lin. broad . 20. A. Quintasii.
Bracts longer than the pedicels. . 21. A, malangeanum.
Spur shorter than the sepals and petals.
Leaves 5-8 lin. broad j A . 22. A. dives.
- Leaves 24 lin. broad . 23. A. occidentale.
Leaves broader at the base than at the apex . 24, A. christyanum.

** Stems more or less elongated, sometimes climbing.
+Lip entire or with very short or obtuse side lobes.
Lip 2 in. or more long.
Lip elliptic-lanceolate.
Western species .

Eastern species ; e š
Lip suborbicular-ovate or nearly quadrate.
Racemes long, many-flowered
Racemes short, 2—3-flowered.
Leaves elliptical
Leaves linear . `
Lip less than 4 in. long (unknown i in 35).
Bracts spreading and rather crowded.
Spur inflated at the apex (unknown in
Bracts 24-33 lin. long . `
Bracts 1} ip ‘lin. long.

25. A. Ellisii var. occi-
dentale.

26. A. Thomsoni.

27. A. Giryame.

28. A. eichlerianum.
29. A. schællerianum,

30. A. imbricatum.

Angrecum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 135

Leaves ovate-oblong.
Spur as long as the limb of the lip

(Western species) : . 31. 4. Moloneyi.
Spur shorter than the limb of the
lip (Eastern species) . . 32. A. mombasense,
Leaves linear-oblong . 4 . 33. A. lagosense.

Bracts scarcely 4 lin. long.
Capsule elliptic-globose (Western
species) . : : S . 34. A. clavatum.
Capsule oblong (Eastern species) . 35. 4. Wakefieldii.
Spur linear . S S ; S . 36. A. lepidotum.
Bracts erect, tubular at the base, distant . 37. A. schimperianum.
ttLip 3-lobed, with narrow, acute, or fimbriate side
lobes. i
Flowers in axillary fascicles =. e . . 38. 4. Scottellii.
Flowers racemose.
Side lobes of lip entire.

Spur clavate . : : ; . 39. A. armeniacum.
Spur subfiliform.
Bracts 2 lin. or more apart . ` . 40. A. tridactylites.
Bracts 1} lin, apart =. ` S , 41. 4. Whitfieldit.
Side lobes of lip fimbriate . . 42. A. fimbriatum.

Stems leafless or leaves disappearing very early.
Stemless or nearly so.
Roots smooth.
Spur not or scarcely 2 lin. long.

Segments 14 lin. long . ` : : . 43. A. guyontanum,
Segments 1 lin. long . e S : . 44, A, Smithii.
Segments }—3 lin. long e . 45. A. Chiloschiste.
Spur 4-5 lin. long . ` 5 . 46. A. cespitosum.
Roots verrucose . é . 47. A. megalorhizun.

Stems elongate or climbing : : S ; . 48. A. aphyllum.

1. A. flabellifolium, Rolfe. Leaves obovate, obtusely bilobed,
sometimes crenate, 2—5} in. long, ł-1ł in. broad; base attenuate.
Bracts broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, 2-24 lin. long. Fedicels 14 in.
long. Racemes elongate, secund, 6-10 in. long. Sepals and petals
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 8—9 in. long. Lip similar to the petals;
spur slender, 6-7 in. long. Pollinia with linear caudicle, extended from
the middle into two arms. Rostellum elongate, simple. Capsule
T 43-5} in. long.—Aerangis flabellifolia, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, cataract of the Cuango rivulet, rare,
Welwitsch, 657! Shady woods of Serra de Alta Queta, Welwitsch, 742!

I have been unable to examine the pollen of this species, but fail to see how it can
be separated from Angræcum.

2. A. brachycarpum, Heicht, f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 573 (in note).
Stems short, erect, 2 in. long; roots numerous. Leaves approximate,
about 6, obovate-oblong, coriaceous, 2-54 in. long, 3-11 in. broad ; apex
broader and deeply bilobed; lobes very obtuse, unequal; base distinctly
attenuate. Scapes lateral, naked, simple, 3 in. high; racemes 4-5-
flowered. Bracts amplexicaul, very obtuse, concave, 3 lin. long.

136 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

Capsule linear-oblong, 24—5 in. long, sometimes crowned with the
withered perianth; the slender spur 2-3 in. long.— Dendrobium ?
brachycarpum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 282; Reichb. f. in Flora,
1865, 191; Aerangis brachycarpa, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr.
v. 50; Angrecum bilobum, Engl. Hochgeb. Trop. Afr. 187 (not of
Lindl.); Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 90.

Nile Land. Abyssinia ` Wogera in subalpine valleys, Schimper, 1314! Bege-
meder ; Valley of the River Reb, 6500 ft., Schimper, 1470! Eritrea: Ginda Valley,
3250-4900 ft., Schweinfurth, 2144!

A very distinct species, only known from fruiting specimens, and doubtfully placed
as an ally of the preceding by Reichenbach.

3. A. Galeandrz, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 189. Stems very
short, 4—5-leaved. Leaves narrowly cuneate, 3-7 in. long, 4-14 lin.
broad; apex shortly and unequally bilobed. Scapes deflexed or pendu-
lous, 3-6 in. long, 2—8-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, cbtuse, 2-3 lin.
long. Pedicels 6-7 lin. long. Sepals and petals linear-oblong, obtuse,
7-8 lin. long. Lip 14 in. long, large and funnel-shaped, very broad,
obscurely trilobed in front; spur clavate, 4 lin. long, with reflexed
apex. Column stout, 2 lin. long; stipes of pollinia simple, very
slender.

Lower Guinea, Gaboon :' Munda ; Sibange Farm, in woods, Soyaux, 244!
Angola: Golungo Alto, near the Cuango rivulet, and Mountains of Queta, Welwitsch,
658 !

The flowers are remarkably like a Galeandra in shape.

4, A. alcicorne, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 117. Stems short,
6—7-leaved, with many thickish roots. Leaves cuneate-obovate, 4—5 in.
long, 5-15 lin. broad, with long attenuate base; apex unequally
bilobed ; lobes roundish-oblong. Racemes suberect or arcuate, 6—8 in.
long, 6—8-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, obtuse, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels
6 lin. long. Sepals elliptic-lanceolate, acute or apiculate, 7 lin. long.
Petals similar, but a little shorter and broader. Lip broadly ovate,
6-7 lin. long; apex rounded, obtuse or apiculate; base narrowed; spur
slender below, subclavate near the apex, slightly curved, 14 lin. long.
Column stout, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shibisa (Chikwawa), River Shire,
Kirk, 114!

A flowerless specimen from Palombi Gorge, in the Mlanje Hills, MeClounie, 1!
has leaves less attenuate below, but is otherwise very similar, and may be a form of the
same species,

5. A. Kirkii, Rolfe. Stems short, with many rather stout roots,
5-7-leaved. Leaves 2-6 in. long, 4-9 lin. broad; narrowly cuneate,
with the apex dilated unequally, and obtusely bilobed. Scapes suberect
or horizontal, 2—5-flowered, 2-7 in. long. Bracts ovate-oblong, acute,
2-4 lin. long. Pedicels 10-12 lin. long. Sepals and petals ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 9-14 lin. long. Lip similar to the petals, but
broader at the base; spur slender, slightly curved. Column stout,

Angrecum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 137

2% lin. long. Capsule linear, 2—24 in. long.—A. bilobum, var. Kirkii,
Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xviii. 488; Will. Orch. Alb. iv. t. 162;
A apiculatum, var. Kirkii, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, 1885, xxiv. 456,
in note.

Nile Land. British East Africa: near Mombasa, at Mkomani Free Town, and
Cheroni Rabai, Taylor! Kinagani, Hildebrandt, 1286 !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Pangani River valley, 30 miles inland,
300 ft., Kirk ! Kilimanjaro, Smith ! Usambara, Bombuera, Holst, 2211!

Quite distinct from the West African A. bilobum, Lindl., to which it is referred
as a variety by Reichenbach. A specimen from the Ushambala Hills, Kirk / probably
be‘ongs to a luxuriant form of this species. The racemes are about 6 in. long, 3—6-
flowered, and apparently pendulous. A. apiculatum, var. dormanianum, Reichb. f.
in Gard, Chron, 1885, xxiv. 456, may also belong here. The native country is not
recorded,

6. A. rohlfsianum, Aränzl. in Bot. Zeit. 1882, 341. Stems short,
3—4-leaved, with stout roots. Leaves cuneate-obovate, 4—8 in. long,
3-1} in. broad; apex unequally bilobed, with rounded lobes. Scapes
erect, about the same length as the leaves, 4—8-flowered, with 2 or 3
subacute sheaths at the base. Bracts ovate, acute, 3-4 lin. long.
Pedicels 14-2 in. long. Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
10-12 lin. long. Lip similar to the petals ; spur slender, somewhat curved,
43-6 in. long. Column stout, 3 lin. long; rostellum subulate, curved,
with 2 tubercles at its base.—Krinzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 76, t.
240.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Wadi Woina, Steckert.

Pollinia unknown, but the species is clearly allied to the preceding. I have not
seen specimens.

1. A. kotschyanum, /eichh. f. in Oestr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1864, 338.
Stems very short, with numerous thick roots, 3-6-leaved. Leaves
obovate-oblong, subobtusely or acutely bilobed, 24-5 in. long, }-2} in.
broad; base attenuate. Racemes pendulous, 9-15 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate, acute, 2-4 lin. long. Pedicels
4-1% in. long. Sepals elliptic-lanceolate, acute, 6—14 lin. long. Petals
slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip subpandurate, apiculate, L- 1 in.
long, 4-8 lin. broad ; spur more or less curved and often twisted about
the middle, slightly thickened towards the apex, 5-8 in. long. Column
Stout, 3 lin. long, rostellum subulate, somewhat curved. Capsule
obovate-oblong, 2 in. long.—Reichb. f. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
xxix. 153, in note; A. Kotschyi, Beicht, f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, xiv.
456, 693, 694, fig. 131; 1884, xxii. 712; Will. Orch. Alb. iv. t. 179;
Veitch, Man. Orch. vii. 132, with fig.; Bot. Mag. t. 7442; Orchi-
doph. 1883, 796, 797, with fig.; Wien. Gart. Zeit. 1891, 309, 310,
fig. 63; A. semipedale, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 389.

Nile Land. Upper Senaar: above Fazokl, near Camamil, Kotschy, 449.
British East Atrica: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Smith! Pangani Valley,
at foot of hills, Kirk! British Central Africa: Lower Valley of River Shire, Meller !
Mt. Mlanje, Waller !

138 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

I have not seen Senaar specimens, and follow Reichenbach in considering the
southern specimens identical. A. semipedale, Rendle, I cannot distinguish, but
A. Grantii, Bateman, doubtfully referred here by Reichenbach, seems distinct.

8. A. Grantii, Batem. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 153.
Roots stout, densely fascicled. Stems very short, about 3-leaved.
Leaves obovate-oblong, unequally and obtusely bilobed, attenuate
below, 4—5 in. long, 1-1} in. broad. Racemes 6 in. long, +—6-flowered.
Bracts very broad and short. Perianth (withered). Spur of the lip very
slender and flexuous, 6-7} in. long. Capsule obovate-oblong, 14-1} in.
long.— Angrecum sp. Speke, Journ., App. 648.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Madi, on a lichen-covered bough of Kigelia
pinnata, Grant, 716!

A fruiting specimen only known; Reichenbach thinks it may be his 4. kotschyanum,
but the spur is more slender, very flexuous, not thickened at the apex, and the racemes
are only half as long.

9. A. pachyurum, Rolfe. Stems short. Leaves subspathulate-
oblong, unequally and very shortly and obtusely bilobed, 3-34 in. long,
8-10 lin. broad. Racemes pendulous, 6-9 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts broadly ovate, obtuse, or apiculate, 14—2 lin. long. Pedicels 4 in.
long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, apiculate, 4 lin. long. Petals elliptic,
apiculate, 4 lin. long. Lip elliptic, apiculate, a little narrowed below,
4 lin. long ; spur curved, 24-3 in. long, stouter than in the allied species.
Column stout, 2 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: cultivated specimens !

Described from cultivated specimens introduced by Mr. J. Buchanan, which
flowered in the collection of Mr. J. O’Brien in 1891, It is easily distinguished from
its allies by the thickened spur. A specimen collected near Tetté, River Shire, Kirk !
may be a weak form of this species.

10. A. avicularium, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1887,i. 40. Leaves
elliptic-oblong, cuneate below, contracted and obtusely bilobed at the
apex, 4 in. long, 2} in. broad. Peduncle 9-10 in. long, somewhat one-
sided, rather lax, 15-flowered. Bracts scarious, triangular, one quarter
as long as the pedicels. Pedicels one-fifth as long as the spur. Sepals
and petals lanceolate, aristate. Lip oblong, dilated from a narrower
base, cuspitate ; spur filiform, 4-5 in. long. Column with a very obtuse
SEN obscurely apiculate in the middle; rostellum linear, beak-

e.
Tropical Africa. Without locality, cultivated specimen !
Flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., in 1887; said to be

allied to the following species, and probably of Tropical African origin. 1 have only
seen a single raceme.

11. A. bilobum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 69; 1841, t. 35-
Stems short, 5-8-leaved. Leaves obovate-oblong, 3-5 in. long, 1-1} in.
broad; apex shortly and unequally bilobed; base cuneate-attenuate
below. Racemes pendulous, 6-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 3-1 in. long.
Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate and reflexed,

Angræcum. ] „CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 139

7-8 lin. long; spur slender, slightly curved, 14—13 in. long. Column
stout, 25 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 904; A. apiculatum,
Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4159. Listrostachys biloba, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb.
XXil, 28, in note.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Whitfield, cultivated specimens! Gold Coast :
Cape Coast Castle, Bowdich, cultivated specimens! Togoland, Baumann, 592!

Originally flowered in Messrs. Loddiges’ nursery in 1840, Abyssinian specimens
formerly referred here belong to A. brachycarpum, Reichb.f. A. bilobum, var. Kirkii,
Reichb. f., is referred to A. Kirkii, Rolfe.

12. A. Batesii, Rolfe. Stem very short, about 5-leaved. Leaves
obovate-oblong, obliquely and obtusely bilobed, attenuate at the base,
3-4 in. long, 1-1} in. broad. Scape slender, pendulous, 14 ft. long,
about 8-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, subacute, cucullate, 14 lin. long.
Pedicels slender, 1} in. long. Flowers white. Sepals and petals linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 7-9 lin. long. Lip narrowly oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, reflexed at the sides, 6-7 lin. long; disc convex near the
base ; spur slender, strongly curved below the middle, 24-24 in. long.
Column stout, 24 lin. long; rostellum subulate, curved, 2 lin. long.

Upper Guinea; Cameroons: Efulen, in damp forest, hanging from twigs near
the ground, Bates, 412!

A fruiting specimen collected between Bumban and Lokko, Sierra Leone, Scott-
Elliot, 5740! appears to be closely allied. The leaves are oblanceolate-oblong,
6-63 in. long, 10-13 lin. broad. Racemes 9-10 in. long. Capsules cylindric,
23-25 in. long, 24-3 lin. broad.

13. A. flexuosum, Rolfe. Stem short, about 1 in. long, with
many long roots, 3—5-leaved. Leaves oblong, unequal at the apex,
2-44 in. long, 8-12 lin. broad, cuneate-attenuate at the base; apex
obscurely bilobed. Racemes slender, ascending, flexuous, 6-10 in. long,
many-flowered, with about 2 sheaths at the base. Flowers white.
Bracts broadly ovate-obtuse, cucullate, 14—24 lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin.
long, spreading. Sepals and petals lanceolate, acute, subequal, 6 lin,
long. Lip oblong-lanceolate, acute; spur slender, curved, 8—9 lin. long.
Column clavate, 2} lin. long; pollinia with a single clavate stipes;
rostellum bifid, with short lobes.—Radinocion flexuosum, Ridl. in Bolet.
Soc. Brot. v. 200, fig. A.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas: without locality, Quintas, 16! Saudade,
2400 ft., Quintas, 91!

Separated generically by Ridley on account of the slender, somewhat elongated
column, which, however, is much exceeded in A. gracillimum, Kränz, It is closely
allied to the preceding and following species.

14. A. henriquesianum, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1890, viii. 466
(not of Ridl.). Stems short, about 5-leaved. Leaves oblanceolate-
oblong, obscurely and obliquely bilobed, 14-3 in. long, 3-1 in. broad.
Racemes pendulous, 5-6 in. long, about 10-flowered. Bracts broadly
triangular-ovate, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin. long, light buff-
brown. Sepals and petals lanceolate, acute, 4 in, long, white, faintly

140 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Angrecum.

tipped with light buff. Lip lanceolate-oblong, acute ; margin and apex
slightly reflexed, a little broader than the petals; spur slightly curved,
gradually tapering to the apex, 9-10 lin. long. Column clavate, 2} lin.
long, white; wings very short, broad, and truncate; rostellum curved,
slender, capitate ; stipes of pollinia very slender.—4A. elegans, Rolfe in
Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 140,

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Henriques, garden specimen !

Originally flowered in the Coimbra Botanic Garden in 1889. It is about half the
size of A. bilobum, Lindl.

15. A. arachnopus, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854, 93. Racemes
over 1 ft. long, filiform, few-flowered, subflexuous. Sepals and petals
linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Lip about as long as the petals; spur
filiform, twice as long as the pedicels. Column slender; stigma central,
limb underneath the stigma entire; anther obtuse, conical, limb of
androclinium subentire-— Walp. Ann. vi. 905.

Upper Guinea. Gold Coast, Schiller, garden specimen.

Flowered in the collection of Consul Schiller in 1854, Only known to me from

the original description, in which it is said to be allied to 4. bilobum, Lindl., but to be
twice as slender.

16. A. gracillimum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 59, t. 5,
figs. B-H. Roots long and slender. Stems very short, about 5-leaved.
Leaves obovate-oblong, 34-5 in. long; base attenuate; apex minutely
and unequally bidenticulate. Racemes pendulous, very slender, 1-1} ft.
long, few-flowered. Bracts small. Pedicels slender, 1} in. long. Sepals
linear—lanceolate, very acuminate, 2 in. long, spreading. Petals slightly
narrower than the sepals, in other respects similar. Lip like the
petals but subcordate at the base, 14 in. long; spur very slender, clavate
at the apex, 8 in. long. Column very slender, subclavate at the apex,
apiculate, 10 lin. long ; rostellum produced into a subulate tooth.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, in the primeval forest west of Barombi-
ba-Mbu, Preuss, 459.

Remarkable for its very long, slender column. The pollinia were missing from the
specimen described and figured.

17. A. rhodostictum, Kränzl. in Notizdl. K. Bot. Gart. Berlin,
1896, 154. Stems short, with numerous roots, 6-leaved. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, 2-5 in. long, 2-5 lin. broad, apex very unequally
lobed. Racemes arching or pendulous, 1 ft. long, many-flowered.
Bracts ovate-oblong, obtuse, 14-24 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin. long.
Flowers white. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, apiculate, 5—6 lin. long;
lateral oblong, apiculate, 6 lin. long. Petals obovate, elliptic, apicu-
late, 6 lin. long. Lip broadly rhomboid-elliptic, apiculate, 8-9 lin.
long; spur curved, slender below, slightly thickened above, 11-1} in.
long. Column stout, 14 lin. long.
irda Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, Yaunde, 2600 ft., Zenker & Staudt,
dot.

Nile Land. Somaliland: between Alghe and Oi, Ruspoli-Riva, 1360.

Angrecum. } CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 141

Like the Madagascar 4. citratum, Thou. I have not seen the Somaliland plant,
and the distribution is remarkable.

18. A. luteo-album, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. CO 158. Stems
short. Leaves few, linear-oblong, acute. Pedicels elongate, few-
flowered. Bracts minute, triangular. Sepals unguiculate-obovate.
Flowers pale yellow. Petals shorter and broader than the sepals,
obovate, rotundate. Lip like the petals but larger, rounded in front ;
spur filiform, three times longer than the lip.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb.
mat. 27,

Nile Land. British East Africa: forest on the upper Ituri, Stuhlmann, 2650 ;
west of Lendu, Stuhlmann, 2720.

Near the Madagascar A. citratum, Thou., but the flowers are described as nearly
twice as large, and the leaves linear and smaller, I have not seen it.

19. A. Rohrii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 117. Stems very
short, with numerous stout roots, 4—6-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong,
obliquely and obscurely bidentate, obtuse, 34—4 in. long, 7-9 lin. broad.
Racemes numerous, erect or spreading, somewhat flexuous, 5-6 in.
long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, apiculate, 14-2 lin. long.
Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 2} lin. long. Petals linear-
oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Lip rhomboid, obtuse-angled, 2} lin. long ;
Spur slender, with clavate apex, 4—6 lin. long. Column stout, ? lin. long;
pollinia not seen.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, Roth ! not Rohr, as given by Reichenbach,

20. A. Quintasii, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 140. Plant dwarf.
Leaves linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, 14-3 in. long, 3-34 lin. broad.
Racemes subpendulous, slender, 3-4} in. long, 8—-12-flowered. Bracts
ovate, subobtuse, brown. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse,
I} bn long. Petals a little smaller than the sepals. Lip ovate, obtuse,
1} lin, long ; spur subclavate, 3 lin. long; apex incurved. Column very
short ; wings nearly obsolete; pollinia not seen. Capsule elliptic-
oblong, 5 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, 4000 ft., Quintas, 6!

A very distinct species. The pollinia were absent from the flowers examined.

21. A. malangeanum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 26. Stems,
roots, and leaves not known. Racemes short, dense; rhachis very
flexuous. Bracts ovate, acute, longer than the ovary. Flowers
distichous, including the spur, 7 lin. long, 5 lin. broad. Dorsal sepal
oblong, acute; lateral triangular-acuminate, subfaleate from an ovate
base. Petals about as long as the sepals, straight. Lip pandurate; side
lobes well developed, rounded; front lobe subquadrate, with rounded
angles ; apex bilobed or sinuate with an apiculus in the angle; disc with
5 slightly thickened lines ; spur narrowly funnel-shaped at the mouth,
sharply bent and more or less twisted in the middle, then vesicate at

142 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

the apex, a little longer than the ovary. Column stout; gland large,
triangular; stipes simple, linear ; rostellum bipartite.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, on a tree, Mechow, 361.

Only known to me from the original description.

22. A. dives, Rolfe. Stem short and stout. Leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, a little narrowed below, 4-64 in. long, 6—9 lin. broad. Racemes
numerous, erect, somewhat curved, 5-7 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
broadly ovate from a tubular base, acute, 1ł—13 lin. long. Pedicels
14-2 lin. long. Sepals and petals ovate-lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. long.
Lip sessile, broadly cucullate-ovate, acuminate and somewhat reflexed

above, 2 lin. long; spur subsaccate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Column
very stout, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Kirk! Wakefield!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, cultivated specimen !

A very distinct species. The racemes are often borne two or three together from
each leaf-axil.

23. A. occidentale, Rolfe. Plant very dwarf; stem scarcely 4 in.
high. Leaves 4, linear-falcate, ensiform, unequally bilobed at the apex,
obtuse, 14-3} in. long, 2} lin. broad. Peduncles filiform, pendulous,
few to 8-flowered. Bracts very minute. Dorsal sepal ovate-triangular,
cucullate ; lateral linear, obtuse, much longer than the dorsal. Petals
ovate, acute. Lip channelled at the base, deeply 3-lobed to the middle ;
segments narrow, more or less cartilaginous and contracted at the apex ;
spur incurved, shorter than the lip, bullate at the apex. Column short;
anther flat, produced at the apex; rostellum rostrate.—Saccolabiwm
occidentale, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 57.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: West of Buea, in the primeval forests, 4000 ft.,
Preuss, 965.
Only known to me from the original description, but said to have the habit of

the Madagascar species A. parviflorum, Thou. ( Eceocladus parviflora, Lindl.), with a
pendulous raceme.

24. A. christyanum, Beicht f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, xiii. 806-
Leaves ligulate, approximate, nearly 3 in. long, 3 in. broad, broadest at
the base, “ with a 2-angled unequal apex.” Peduncles numerous, $—j in-
long, very flexuous, 3—4-flowered. Pedicels articulate at the base. Sepals
and petals triangular, acute. Lip trilobed, much developed, “ extending
into a retrorse conical spur, which has appended ata right angle another
inflated fusiform spur, separated from the superior part by a constricted
mouth ” (Reichenbach).

Habitat not stated, but believed to be West Africa.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to resemble Listro-

stachys arcuata, Reichb. f., in general aspect and dimensions, and to differ in having 3
single stipes and smaller rhachis and flowers.

25. A. Ellisii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1872, 278. Stem caulescent,
several inches high. Leaves obovate-oblong, bidentate, 4-8 in. long,
1-2} in. broad. Racemes pendulous, 1-2 ft. long, many-flowered-

Angrecum. CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). 143
g

Bracts broadly cucullate-ovate, obtuse, 2-4 lin. long. Pedicels 1-1}
in. long. Sepals and petals ovate- or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, 3—1 in.
long. Lip elliptic-oblong, acute, recurved at the apex, 8-10 lin. long ;
spur cylindric, 4—6 in. long, straight to beyond the middle, curved at
the apex. Column stout, 2} lin. long, apiculate——Gard. Chron. 1875,
iil, 277, 278, fig. 54; Warn. Sel. Orch. iii. t. 26.

Var. occidentale, Kränz, in Eng. Jahrb, xvii. 59. More slender than the type,
with fewer-flowered racemes and shorter spurs. Flowers white; spur light red.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in primeval forest west of Buea, Preuss, 891.

The variety is only known to me by the short description. The typical form is
confined to Madagascar.

26. A. Thomsoni, Rolfe. Racemes 6-12 in. long, stout, 7-10-
flowered. Bracts very broadly triangular-ovate, obtuse or apiculate,
cucullate, or the lower ones tubular at the base, 5—8 lin. long. Pedicels
1}-2 in. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, 11-14 lin. long. Lip elliptic-lanceolate, acute, 9-11 lin.
long ; disc convex at the base ; spur cylindric curved, slightly thickened
towards the apex, 4-54 in. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Lykipia Plateau, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson !

A large and handsome species allied to the Madagascar 4. Ellisii, Reichb. f., but
differing in its larger bracts, and proportionately narrower segments. The vegetative
organs are unknown,

27. A. Giryamze, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 388. Leaves
large, thick, clavate, many-nerved, 10-11 in. long, 1} in. broad ; apex
unequally bilobed, with rounded lobes; margin revolute. Scapes stout,
longer than the leaves, racemose, 11-2 ft. long. Bracts broadly ovate,
cucullate, obtuse, 4 in. long. Pedicels 1 in. long. Sepals and petals
lanceolate ; lateral sepals a little smaller and less acute, 14-16 lin. long,
4-5 lin. broad. Lip very broad, suborbicular, emarginate, with a re-
curved apiculus, 14 lin. long, 19 lin. broad; disc with a longitudinal
keel; spur curved, 2 in. long. Column very stout, 2 lin. long; lobes
of the rostellum broad and rounded; stipes of the pollinia short,
glands large—A. eburneum, Reichb. f. ex S. Moore in Journ. Bot.
1878, 137 (not of Thou.); Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, ii.
349; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 41, in part.

Wile Land. British East Africa: near Mombasa; on the Giryama, Shimba,
and Rabai Hills, Taylor! Between Jomvu and Ribe, near a maritime creek, Wakefield !

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar; rocky head at the west of the island, Kirk!
German East Africa: Usambara; Magila, 2000 ft., Kirk! Kilimanjaro, 6000 ft.,
Johnston !

This has been confused with the Bourbon A. eburneum, Bory, to which, and to
A. superbum, Thou., from Madagascar, it is allied. A sketch from Wakefield, 32!
without locality, may represent this or an allied species.

_28. A, eichlerianum, Kränzl. in Berl. Gart. Zeit. i. (1882), 454,
435, fig. 102. Stems elongate, ancipitous, with many long roots.
Leaves distant, elliptic, 34-43 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, somewhat

144 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

oblique and canaliculate at the base, at the apex with 2 unequal obtuse
lobes; sheaths 2 in. long. Racemes ?-3-flowered, opposite the leaves ;
base with 2-3 sheaths. Bracts small, ovate, acute, 24 lin. long.
Flowers green, with upper half and margin of the lip white. Sepals
ovate-lanceolate, acute or subacuminate, about 14 in. long. Petals
similar to the sepals, but a little shorter. Lip nearly quadrate, with
an abruptly acuminate recurved apex; disc with a pair of elevated,
slightly pilose lines, extending from the base to a little beyond the
middle, where they diverge somewhat; spur clavate, curved; base
shortly funnel-shaped ; limb of lip and spur each about as long as the
sepals. Column very short; rostellum furcate.—Kränzl. in Mitth.
Deutsch. Schutzg. ii. (1889) 159; andin Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 128,
t. 273, fig. 2.

Upper Guinea. S. Cameroons, Braun.

South Central. Lunda: near Kassamba, in the gorge of the Loango River
(ex Krinzlin).

I have not seen a specimen.

29. A. scheellerianum, Kränzl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. i.
112. Stem very long, many-leaved, with very long roots. Leaves
linear, unequally bilobed; lobes obtuse and somewhat diverging.
Racemes few-flowered, very flexuous, half as long as the leaves. Bracts
minute, triangular or oblong, acuminate. Lip trilobed; side lobes well
developed, diverging, rounded; front lobe oblong, acute; disc with
3 to 5 elevated lines; spur conical at the base, bent at a right angle
and slightly inflated in the middle, fusiform and obtuse at the apex.
Column very short.

o Land, Eritrea; near Filfil, on the Maldi-strasse, 2400 ft., Schweinfurth,

Only known to me from the original description, in which it is said to be most
nearly allied to the preceding.

30. A. imbricatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 137. Stems
tall, climbing, leafy. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, very shortly and
obliquely bilobed, obtuse, a little broader below, 3—44 in. long, 14-1}
in. broad. Racemes axillary subsessile, 1-1} in. long, dense, many-
flowered, with distichous bracts and flowers. Bracts ovate, acute,
concave, closely imbricate, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long.
Sepals ovate, acute, concave; dorsal carinate, 3 lin. long. Petals
similar and equal to the sepals. Lip oblong, apiculate, cucullate, as
long as the sepals; spur infundibuliform at the base, recurved and sub-
clavate at the apex, 4 lin. long. Column very short; pollinia with
single stipes and narrow gland; rostellum rostrate.—Durand & Schinz,
Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 44 (intricatum). Limodorum emarginatum,
Sw. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1800, 243 (name only); Pers. Syn.
Pl. ii. 521. Calyptrochilum Preussii, Kränz), in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 30.
Saccolabium Barbeye, Kränzl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 40.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius! Bumban to Port Lokko, Scott-Elliot,
5734! Liberia, Christy! Gold Coast, cultivated specimen! Lower Niger, Onitsa,

Angrecum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 145

Barter, 1484! Cameroons: between Victoria and Bimbia, Preuss, 1240 (ex Kränzlin).
Bipinde, in ancient forest, Zenker, 847 !

I have seen authentic specimens of all the synonyms quoted above, and find
nothing to separate them.

31. A. Moloneyi, Rolfe. Stem caulescent, stout. Leaves
numerous, oblong or ovate-oblong, shortly and unequally bilobed,
with rounded lobes, very coriaceous, 14-4 in. long, 5-12 lin. broad.
Racemes axillary, 3—1 in. long, with a few broad sheaths at the base,
6-10-flowered. Bracts rigid, spreading, triangular-ovate, subacute,
1-14 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Sepals and petals ovate-
lanceolate, acute or apiculate, 34-4 lin. long. Lip trilobed; limb
4 lin. long; side lobes rounded or auriculate ; front lobe broadly ovate-
oblong, emarginate; spur 4 lin. long, broadly conical at the base, con-
stricted above the middle, and much inflated at the apex. Column very
stout, 14 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated specimens, Zord Scarborough !
Liberia: cultivated specimens, Christy! Lagos, Moloney! Rowland !

32. A. mombasense, Rolfe. Stem caulescent, stout. Leaves
oblong, unequally bilobed, with truncate lobes, very coriaceous, 1}
in. long, 6-7 lin. broad. Racemes axillary, ł in. long, with one or two
short broad sheaths at the base, 4—5-flowered. Bracts rigid, spreading,
triangular-ovate, subacute, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or apiculate, 34—44 lin. long. Petals ellip-
tical, apiculate, slightly shorter than the sepals. Lip trilobed ; limb 5 lin.
long ; side lobes broadly rounded or auriculate ; front lobe broadly oblong,

eeply emarginate ; spur 3 lin. long, broadly conical at the base, constricted
above the middle,and inflated at the apex. Column very stout, 14 in. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Kirk, 12!

Nearly allied to the preceding, but differing in several particulars, The specimen
is very small, consisting only of a piece of stem with one leaf and two racemes,

33. A.lagosense, Rolfe. Caulescent. Stems somewhat elongated.
Leaves oblong or linear-oblong, unequally and shortly bilobed at the
apex, 13-2 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad. Racemes axillary, 2-3 lin. long,
few-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, subacute or apiculate, 4 lin. long.
Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal broadly elliptic-oblong, sub-
obtuse, concave, 2 lin. long; lateral ovate, obtuse, broader than the
dorsal. Petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, nearly as long as the
Sepals. Lip 21 lin. long, broadly oblong below, with a pair of small,
triangular-oblong, diverging teeth about the middle, subulate-oblong
and subobtuse in front ; spur clavate-oblong, nearly as long as the lip.
Column stout, 1 lin. long; pollinia with a single clavate stipes.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Moloney!

34. A. clavatum, Rolfe. Stem long and climbing. Leaves ovate-
oblong, obliquely and obtusely bidentate, 3—1 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad.

Racemes axillary, 4-3 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts spreading,
VOL. VII. 2 L

146 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Angraecum.

ovate, minute. Pedicels slender, 24 lin. long. Sepals and petals ovate-
oblong, subobtuse, concave, carinate, ? lin. long. Lip almost reduced
to a stout, clavate spur, 24 lin. long ; side lobes very small and rounded ;
front lobe triangular, obtuse, minute. Column very stout, $ lin. long.
Capsule elliptic-globose, pedicelled, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4223! Lagos, Moloney!

Remarkable for the inordinate proportion which the clavate spur bears to the rest
of the flower. The Sierra Leone specimen is in fruit only, but I think it belongs to
the same species.

35. A. Wakefieldii, Rolfe. Stem long and climbing. Leaves
ovate-oblong, obliquely bidentate, 3-1} in. long, 5-7 lin. broad.
Racemes axillary, 1 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts spreading, ovate,
minute. Capsules oblong, slenderly pedicelled, 3-34 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Nyika country, Wakefield ! Mombasa,
Wakefield !

Near the preceding in habit, but the capsules are very different. Flowers are at
present unknown.

36. A. lepidotum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, xiii. 806 (in
note). Caulescent, sometimes branched, stout, leafy. Leaves oblong,
shortly and unequally bilobed, 1-2 in. long, 5~9 lin. broad; lobes
obtuse ; sheathing bases nearly as long as the internodes. Racemes
axillary, very short, flowers subfascicled. Bracts ovate, acute, 14 lin.
long. Pedicels 2 lin. long, furfuraceous. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse,
2 lin. long. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip ovate, sub-
obtuse or apiculate, 2 lin. long; spur slightly thickened at the base,
clavate in the upper half, 44 lin. long. Column 3 lin. long; pollinia
with a single, clavate stipes; rostellum short, triangular.

Upper Guinea, Liberia: cultivated specimens! Lagos, Moloney! Niger
Delta: Bonny, Monteiro !

Originally flowered in the collection of Mr. T. Christy.

37. A. schimperianum, eicht, f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 573. Stems
climbing, with strong roots, 6—9-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, 3-5 mm.
long, 8-12 lin. broad. Racemes axillary, 2-3 in. long, 4—8-flowered.
Bracts ochreate, acute, 14 lin. long. Flowers as large as those of
Listrostachys pellucida, Reichb. f. Sepals and petals oblong, acute.
Lip rhomboid, obtuse ; front margin denticulate ; disc with a flat tooth
at the base; spur slender; apex clavate, acute, longer than the lip.
Column short, stout; rostellum trilobed. Capsule elliptic-oblong,
2 in. long—Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 187. Dendrobium
schimperianum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 282.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: in dense woods on Mount Aber, near Gerar, Schimper,
1318!

A specimen collected at Ankober, Shoa, by Roth! has broader leaves, and may
possibly be different.

38. A. Scottellii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 249. Stems
elongate, sometimes branched, 6-12 in. or more long. Leaves

Angrecum. CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 147
g

linear, 55 in. long, 2—2} lin. broad; apex very unequal. Peduncles
axillary, 1 lin. long, 1-flowered. Flowers small. Bracts triangular-
ovate, 14 in. long. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Sepals ovate, acute, larger
than the petals, 3 lin. long; apex thick, reflexed. Petals lanceolate,
2 lin. long. Lip trifid; front lobe narrowly triangular, acute ; side lobes
longer, filiform and curved above the base, 3 lin. long; spur slender,
5-6 lin. long. Column short and thick, 1 lin. long ; pollinia affixed to
a flat stipes and squamiform gland.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori ; head of Butagu valley, 7000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 8081! Butagu, 8000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8100!

Allied to A. bicaudatum, Lindl., and A, fimbriatum, Rendle. Flowerless speci-
mens collected at the Nun River, Niger Delta, by Barter! are very similar in habit
but probably belong to a different species.

39. A. armeniacum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 67. Plant
caulescent, 6 in. high. Roots stout. Leaves distichous, channelled,
obliquely and acutely bidentate, 3-4 in. long, 4 lin. broad. Spikes
lateral, horizontal, secund, $ in. long. Bracts broad, truncate, } lin.
long. Flowers of a uniform apricot-colour. Sepals ovate, acute, 14 lin.
long. Petals lanceolate, acute, 14 lin. long. Lip trilobed, 14 lin.
long ; side lobes acuminate ; front lobe triangular, acute; spur pendu-
lous, clavate, compressed at the base, 34-4 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in
Walp. Ann. vi. 905; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. 39 (excl.
Angolan plant).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated specimens, Loddiges !

Flowered in Messrs. Loddiges’ Nursery in 1839. The Angolan plant cited here
by Reichenbach belongs to the next species.

_ 40. A. tridactylites, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1888, iv. 34. Plant
with erect or climbing stem, }~2 ft. high and long, very stout roots
produced at intervals on the stem. Leaves elongate-linear, unequally
bidentate, 4-8 in. long, 4-7 lin. broad. Racemes axillary, many-
flowered, somewhat curved, 21-3 in. long. Bracts shortly triangular,
broadly amplexicaul. Flowers subsecund, 4 lin. diam. Pedicels 2 lin.
long. Lateral sepals ovate, acuminate; dorsal slightly narrower
than the lateral, 2 lin. long. Petals lanceolate-linear, acute, 2 lin.
long. Lip trifurcate, 2 lin. long ; side lobes very slender and recurved ;
front lobe triangular, acute, straight ; spur slender, 5 lin. long, slightly
narrowed at the base; lip with a pair of small, fleshy, marginal teeth
at the base. Column stout, } lin. long, with a pair of small, rounded
wings at the apex.—A. armeniacum, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 189 (not
of Lindl.)

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated specimens, Griffith! Interior of
W. Lagos, Rowland !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, shady rocks in the woods of Barranos
de Tongue, Welwitsch, 685! Princes Island, Barter, 2016!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 154!

Near A. bicaudatum, Lindl., but differing, amongst other characters, in the shape
of the side lobes, Barter’s specimen has no flowers, but is apparently identical. The
Species is of unusually wide distribution.

148 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

41. A. Whitfieldii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 250. Stems 6 in.
or more long, with stout roots. Leaves (not seen); sheaths plicate,
5 lin. long. Racemes axillary, 14—12 in. long, slender, dense-flowered.
Bracts shortly ovate, amplexicaul, 4 lin. long. Flowers rather crowded.
Pedicels 14-14 lin. long. Sepals 1 lin. long; lateral asymmetric, pro-
duced anteriorly at the base. Petals 1 lin. long. Lip trilobed, from
a quadrate base, without basal auricles, 1 lin. long; side lobes linear-
filiform, 1 lin. long ; front lobe triangular; spur 4 lin. long. Column
4 lin. long, with 2 anterior wings.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Whitfield !

Near A. armeniacum, Lindl., but differs in its smaller flowers, lip without basal
auricles, and the anteriorly produced base of the lateral sepals.

42. A. fimbriatum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 387, t. 32,
figs. 11-18. Stems elongate, stout, over 1 foot long; roots stout.
Leaves linear, recurved, 4-6 in. long, 34—4 lin. broad, persistent ; apex
shortly and unequally bilobed ; sheaths 7-8 lin. long. Spikes lateral,
numerous, many-flowered, 34-5 in. long. Bracts truncate, amplexicaul,
2 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal oval-lanceolate, cuspi-
date, 5-nerved, 24-3 lin. long ; lateral ovate-cordate, trinerved, broader
than the dorsal, united at the base; apex thick, cuspidate. Petals
linear, narrowed upwards, acute, 3-nerved, 24-3 lin. long. Lip trilobed,
2} lin. long, with a pair of small basal auricles; side lobes linear,
spreading, irregularly fimbriate at the apex, 2 lin. long; front lobe
triangular, cuspidate, thick, 3-nerved, 1 lin. long; spur slender, 7 lin.
long, base conical. Column short, broadly auricled above, 4 lin. long;
beak of rostellum projecting downwards. Capsules oblong, shortly
pedicelled, 7-8 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Giryama and Shimba Hills, near Mombasa,
Taylor.

E EE Dist. German East Africa: Usagara mountains, at Mamboio, 2000 ft.
rke:

Near the South African A. bicaudatum, Lindl., but differing in its proportionately
larger lip.

43. A. guyonianum, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xxii. 865. Stems
very short, leafless, with dense masses of roots, 6-12 in. long. Racemes
numerous, slender, 2-4 in. long. Bracts amplexicaul, obtuse or sub-
acute, $ lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Sepals oblong, subacute, 1} lin.
long. Petals slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip oblong, obtuse
or apiculate, 1} lin. long ; spur curved, 1-14 lin. long, narrowly conical
at the base; slender above. Column stout, minute; pollinia with
a single slender stipes. Capsule elliptic-oblong, 3-4 lin. long.—
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 572; Martelli, Florul. Bogos, 81; Rolfe in
Kew Bulletin, 1895, 37 (in note). Aéranthus guyonianus, Reichb. f.
in Flora, 1865, 190; Reichb. f. in Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 78. Angraecum
globulosum, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 285. Gussoni
globulosa, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 491 (in note). Mystacidium
globulosum, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. 53. Saccolabium

Angrecum. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE), 149

radicosum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 285; Mystacidium radicosum,
Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. 54; Microcælia? tæniophyllum,
Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 285.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, frequent near the Cuango rivulet and
at Mungo, near the river Casabella, in Sobato de Bumba, Welwitsch, 653! Pungo
Andongo, on orange-trees in gardens, Soyaur, 228!

Nile Land. Abyssinia: below Jeladjeranne, near the river Takazze, Schimper,
1565! Amba Sea, 5000-6000 ft., Schimper, 560! Eritrea: along the road from
Keren to Massaua, near Maldi, Beccari (ex Martelli). British East Africa: between
Duruma and Teita, Hildebrandt, 2374 (ex Reichenbach).

The above synonyms all clearly belong to the same species. Schimper describes a
fascicle of minute leaves at the apex of the stem, but they are not present on his dried
specimens,

44. A. Smithii, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 37. Roots fascicled,
slender, subterete, somewhat flexuous, pale green, 4—6 in. long. Stems
very short, leafless. Racemes slender, short, 8—12-flowered, 1 in. long.
Bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute, 4 lin. long. Sepals and petals linear-
lanceolate, acute, suberect, 1 lin. long. Lip linear-lanceolate, acute,
suberect, 1 lin. long; spur recurved-spreading, conical scarcely 1 lin.
long ; stipes of pollinia single.

r Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mt. Kilimanjaro, cultivated specimens,
Smith !

Much smaller than A. guyonianum, Beicht, f. Flowered at Kew in 1894. It

was received from Consul C. S. Smith, growing on a branch with 4, Kirkii, Rolfe.

45. A. Chiloschistze, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xx. 678. Stems leaf-
less, very short, with numerous, slender, curved, branched roots,
about 9 in. long. Racemes numerous, slender, 4-8 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts triangular-lanceolate, acute, } lin. long. Pedicels
very short. Sepals and petals obovate-oblong, obtuse, }—} lin. long.
Lip 4-3 lin. long; limb broadly rounded or transversely oblong, very
obtuse ; spur broadly saccate, }-} lin. long. Column very short and
stout. Capsule obovate-oblong, 2 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
i. 791; Bolus, Ic. Orch. Austr. Afr. i.t. 6; Durand & Schinz, Conspect.
Fl. Afr. v. 40. Microcelia exilis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 61. Gussonia
exilis, Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 493; Journ. of Bot. 1886, 292.
Mystacidium exile, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 52.
Angrecum aphyllum, Kränz, in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 157 (not Thou.).

Nile Land. British East Africa: on the Giryama, Shimba and Rabai Hills,
near Mombasa, Taylor! Nyika, at Jomvu, Taylor !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mascheua, Holst, 3549!
Bombuera, Holst, 2210! Kwa, Mascheua, Holst, 88894. Masai Highlands (ex
Krénzlin), British Central Africa : Zambesi, about 16° S. ht, 35° E. long., Meller!
Shire Valley, Kirk! Shibisa (Chikwawa), Shire River, Kirk! Near Blantyre,
Shire Highlands, Last !

Also found in Natal and Madagascar. According to Taylor, the plant is called
Ndiko by the natives, who extract a grey paint from its roots by boiling, which they
use for ornamenting their arrows. It is easily distinguished from 4. aphyllum, Thou.,
to which Kränzlin refers it, by the very short stem and much smaller flowers,

150 OXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Angræcum.

46. A. cæspitosum, Folfe. Stems very short, leafless, with tufts
of long flexuous roots. Racemes very short, tufted, 2 in. long, several-
flowered. Bracts small, triangular-ovate, acute, } lin. long. Pedicels
4-5 lin. long. Sepals ovate, subobtuse, membranous, with a green
keeled middle nerve, 13-2 lin. long. Petals similar but not keeled.
Lip with a spreading, ovate, subacute limb, 1—14 lin. long; spur linear,
somewhat broader below, 44 lin. long. Column stout 14 lin. long.
Capsule fusiform-oblong, slenderly pedicelled, 7—8 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, on twigs of a fallen tree in the forest,
Bates, 353!

Allied to the Madagascar A. Gilpine, Reichb. f. and S. Moore.

47. A.megalorrhizum, Reich). f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 117. Plant
leafless. Stem very short. Roots very long, branched and verrucose,
sometimes over 1 ft. long. Racemes fascicled, slender, 3-5 in. long.
Bracts triangular, acute, 3 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Sepals and
petals oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 24 lin. long. Lip 24 lin. long, ovate,
subobtuse or apiculate, slightly crenulate, narrowed at the base ; spur
narrowly conical, slightly curved, 14-2 lin. long ; apex slender. Column
nearly 1 lin. long, with deflexed, subulate rostellum. Capsule elliptic-
oblong, 2 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Valley, Waller! Shibisa (Chik-
wawa), Shire River, Kirk! Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1262!

48. A. aphyllum, Zhou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. 73. Stem tall and
climbing, leafless, with numerous long flexuous roots. Racemes numerous,
3—1 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts triangular-ovate from a broader
base, subacute, }—} lin. long. Pedicels slender, 24-3 lin. long. Flowers
white, becoming reddish in drying. Sepals and petals elliptical-oblong,
subobtuse, 1} lin. long. Lip with a spreading triangular-oblong, sub-
obtuse, concave limb, 2 lin. long; spur 24 lin. long, strongly curved,
narrowed to the middle, broader at the apex. Column stout, 1 lin. long.
Capsule elliptic-oblong, slenderly pedicelled, 24 lin. long.—S. Moore
in Baker, Fl. Maurit. 358. Gussonia aphylla, A. Rich. Orch. Maurit.
76, t. 11, fig. 1; Ridl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 492. Saccolabium
aphyllum, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 223. Mystacidium aphyllum,
Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 51.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Kirk! Giryama and Shimba
Hills, Taylor !

Also found in Mauritius and Madagascar.

18. LISTROSTACHYS, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, 930.

Sepals and petals subequal, free, spreading or subconnivent. Lip
affixed to the base of the column and continuous with it, produced at
the base into a long or sometimes very long spur ; side lobes small, or
obsolete, at the sides of the spur; limb spreading or erect, entire oF
obscurely trilobed. Column very short, broad, concave in front, without

Lustrostachys. } CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 151

wings, footless ; clinandrium truncate, entire. Anther terminal, oper-
culate, incumbent, convex, often produced in front, scarcely 2-celled ;

pollinia 2, globose, sulcate, situated upon a pair of usually slender
stipites, distinct or only united at the base, where they are attached to a
single variously-shaped gland. Capsule oblong or fusiform.—Epiphytic
herbs. Stems leafy, usually short, not thickened into pseudobulbs.
Leaves distichous, coriaceous or fleshy, articulated to a persistent
sheath. Peduncles lateral, simple. Flowers racemose or capitate, very
various in size. Bracts small or medium-sized.

A genus of 60 or more species, most numerous in Tropical Africa, with one South
African representative and several in the Mascarene Islands. ïn its pollinary appara-
$ S is intermediate between Angraecum and Mystacidium, though distinct from

oth.

Flowers large or medium-sized (unknown in 7).
Spur long and slender, or tapering to the apex,
rarely reduced to 5 lin. long.

Spur 9-10 in. long
Spur 4—5} in. Jong
Spur 1-3 in. long.
*Spur tapering to the apex from a stout base.
Leaves oblong or linear-oblong.
Racemes equalling or scarcely exceeding the
leaves.
Spur slightly curved.
Rostellum beaked.
Western species.
Leaves 14-15 in. broad; bracts

1. L. caudata.
2. L. chailluana.

9-11 lin. long. d . 3. L. acuminata,
Leaves 3-3? in. broad; bracts
3—4 lin. long - ` . 4, D. Hookeri.

Eastern species.
Leaves 3 in. or more broad.

. 18. L. Wittmackit.

Bracts 4—5 lin. long 5. L. Sedeni.
Bracts 8-9 lin. long 6. L. Whytei,
Leaves 4 in. broad 7. L. Erythree.
Rostellum short and not E 8. L. ringens.
Spur much curved or hooked near the
apex.
Spur bent in the middle, forming a
loop.
Leaves 3—14 in. broad . 5 . 9. L. bistorta.
Leaves 5-6 iin, broad . . 10. Z. Aschersoni.
Spur suddenly hooked near the apex . 11. L. trachypus.
Racemes o longer than the leaves.
Spur curved, 14—14 in. long . ; . 12. L. Monteire.
Spur straight, about 11 lin. Kee . . 13. L. buchholziana.
Leaves narrowly linear . > . 14. L. henriquesiana,
**Spur slender from the base.
Leaves narrowed at the apex S 15. L. engleriana.
Leaves with broad obtuse apex. . . 16. L. muscicola,
Spur 5 lin. long.
Spur hooked about the middle . S : . 17. L. rhipsalisocia.

Spur nearly straight

152 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE# (ROLFE). | Listrostachys.
Flowers small or rarely medium-sized (un-
known in 48). Spur usually more or less clavate
or vesicate at the apex, seldom 4 in. long.
*Stems more or less elongated and climbing (unknown
in 21).
Lip pandurate or subpandurate,
‘Spur clavate, slightly longer than the sepals . 19. L. ashantensis.
Spur slender, nearly twice as long as the sepals 20, L. Popagayi.
Lip ovate-oblong or obovate.
Lip truncate-emarginate . 21. L. Bakeri.
Lip acute or cuspidate.
Spur slender . 22, L. acuta.
Spur subclavate ; . 23. L, subclavata.
Lip very broad, shortly trilobed in front 24. L. bidens.
Lip orbicular or suborbicular 25. L. monodon,
**Stems usually short and stout, or not Bette
Leaves flat.
Flowers in elongated racemes,
Leaves 4 to more than 2 in. broad.
Flowers and bracts alternate,
Racemes dense.
Spur strongly clavate.
Lip entire, flat or nearly so. 26. L. pertusa.
Lip trilobed with erect side lobes . 27. L. clandestina.
Spur scarcely thickened upwards.
Leaves 10 lin. broad 5 . 28. L. gabonensis.
Leaves 4 lin. broad. S . 29. L. multiflora.
Racemes lax.
Spur not, or scarcely, exceeding the
lip.
Disc of lip witha small basal tooth 30. L. pellucida.
Disc of lip without a basal tooth . 31. Z. divitiflora.
Spur twice as long as the lip.
Spur 4-5 lin. long.
Leaves 13-2 in. broad . . 32. L. vagans.
Leaves 5-7 lin. broad . 33. L, thomensis.
Spur 8 lin. long A . 34. L. ichneumonea.

Flowers and bracts opposite.
Spur more than twice as long as the
segments , .
Spur about as long as the segments.
Sepals and petals 5-6 lin. long, acu-
minate,
Spur abruptly dilated on one sore
14 lin. broad
Spur clavate, 1 lin. broad wade
Sepals and petals 3 lin, long, acute .
Flowers and bracts verticillate
Leaves very narrow, 1-14 lin. broad,
Sepals ovate or triangular :
Sepals very narrow and acuminate .
Flowers in dense, capitate heads,
Leaves 7-8 in. long.
Lip cuneate at the base
Lip hastate .

- 40. L.
. 41. L. graminifolia.

. 35. L. vesicata.

. 36. L. fragrantissima.
L.
38. L. Kirkii.

. 39. L. urostachya.

Welwitschii.

Virgula.

42. L. capitata.
. 43. L. cephalotes.

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE# (ROLFE). 153

Leaves 24-4 in. long.
Sepals and petals 3 lin. long . t . 44. L. glomerata.
Sepals and petals 13-2 lin. long. . 45. L. Braunii.

ttLeaves equitant or ensiformly compressed.
Flowers in slender racemes.

Scapes 5 in. long . : . 46. L. Batesii.

Scapes 2-3 in. long.
Racemes longer than the leaves.

Leaves 13-2 in. long, subacute . . 47. L. Zenkeri.
Leaves 1 in. long, obtuse . i . 48. L. iridifolia.
Racemes much shorter than the leaves . 49, L. forcipata.
Flowers in short, lax, subcapitate racemes . 50. L. dactyloceras.
t+}Leaves terete or subterete (unknown in 52).
Lip broadly ovate, subobtuse or apiculate . 51. L. subulata.
Lip dilated in front into two large rounded
lobes . . : 4 e S . 52. L. filiformis.

1. L. caudata, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 907. Stems short,
about 8-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, very shortly bilobed, 6-10 in.
long, 1-1} in. broad ; lobes obtuse, recurved. Scapes pendulous, 9-12
in. long; racemes flexuose, 6-10-flowered. Bracts broadly rounded,
obtuse, 14 lin. long. Pedicels } in. long. Sepals triangular-lanceolate,
acuminate, 11-1} in. long. Petals similar to the sepals, but about three-
fourths the size. Lip trilobed, obovate from a cuneate base, 1} in. long,
ł-1 in. broad; side lobes irregularly toothed above; front lobe triangular-
subulate, acute ; spur elongate, narrow, flexuous, )—10 in.long. Column
clavate, 6-7 lin. long ; rostellum with long subulate beak, 4 lin. long;
stipites of pollinia 4 lin. long, united at the extreme base; gland small and
rounded.— Angraecum caudatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1844; Bot. Mag.
t. 4370; Reichenbachia, ser. i, ii. 41, t. 67; Garden, xxxix. t. 804;
Will. Orch. Alb. viii. t. 358 ; Orchidophile, 1887, 80, with plate.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Loddiges! Whitfield! Afzelius ! Niger Delta:
Brass, Barter, 1858!

2. L. chailluana, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1885, 381, in note. Stems
erect, 6 in. or more high, many-leaved. Leaves about 1 in. apart,
oblong, unequally and shortly bilobed, very coriaceous, 45—9 in. long,
1-1} in. broad; lobes obtuse. Scapes axillary, 6-9 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, subacute, concave, 6-8 lin. long.
Pedicels 14-2 in. long. Sepals triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, re-
curved, 11-1} in. long. Petals a little shorter and narrower than the
sepals. Lip much like the petals, but slightly broader and obscurely
angled at the base; spur narrowly conical at the base, elongate, and
narrowed upwards, 4—54 in. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long; pollen
with 2 slender stipites and 1 elongated gland ; rostellum long, deflexed.
—Angrecum chailluanum, Hook. f.in Bot. Mag. t. 5589 ; Veitch, Man.
Orch. vii. 124. A. arcuatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 136 (not
in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.).

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Millen, 193! Niger Delta: Nun River, Mann, 521!
Cameroons: Buea, Preuss, 372!

154 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Listrostachys.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Como River, Bates, 462! and without locality,
Du Chaillu! Munda Dist.: Sibange Farm, Soyaux, 246! Loango, Micholitz !

Much larger than the S. African Z. arcuata, Reichb. f., with which Lindley
formerly confused it. A fruiting specimen from Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot ! may
belong here.

3. L. acuminata, Rolfe. Leaves oblong, shortly, obtusely and
unequally bilobed, 5 in. long, 14 in. broad. Raceme several-flowered.
Bracts broadly ovate, subacute, cucullate, 9-11 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin.
long. Sepals and petals lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat undulate,
11-13 lin. long. Lip lanceolate, acuminate, rather more fleshy than
the sepals and petals, 10-12 lin. long; margins somewhat incurved
near the base; dise slightly gibbous in front of the spur; spur a little
curved, stout below, much narrowed above, 13-2 in. long. Column
very stout, 1-14 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Henriques !

4. L. Hookeri, Rolfe. Stems short, 4—5 in. long. Leaves linear-
oblong, 3—5 in. long, 6—10 lin. broad; apex very shortly bilobed ; lobes
slightly unequal, rounded. Racemes 24-4 in. long, 4—10-flowered,
secund. Bracts broadly ovate, subobtuse, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels
6-9 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 6-7 lin. long, recurved.
Petals similar to but slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip acuminate
from a broader triangular-ovate base, recurved, nearly as long as the
petals; spur rather stout, nearly straight, 14-14 in. long. Column
very stout, 4 lin. long; rostellum linear, 14 lin. long, deflexed into the
spur ; gland linear, 1} lin. long; stipites distinct, } lin. long.— Angraecum
arcuatum, Hook. f. in Journ Linn. Soc. vii. 220 (not of Lindl.).

; Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 4000-6000 ft, Mann, 2114! Johnston,
01!

Near the South African Z. arcuata, Reichb, f., with which it has been confused,
but with a nearly straight spur and thinner leaves.

Fine fruiting specimens from near Sulimania, Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 5282!
and near Sutah, Ashanti, Cummins, 37 ! apparently represent distinct species of this
affinity, but cannot be identified without flowers.

5. L. Sedeni, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, ix. 138. Leaves
broadly ligulate, obliquely tridentate or shortly bilobed, 5—64 in. long,
3-1 in. broad. Racemes 5 in. long. Bracts ochreate, lanceolate, acute,
half to one-third as long as the pedicels. Flowers white, with a reddish
spur. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate. Petals subequal. Lip lanceolate,
acute, without lateral teeth; spur wide at the mouth, tapering or filiform
towards the apex, acute, nearly straight, longer than the pedicel.
Column short; anther abruptly rostrate ; rostellum linear, divided only
to the middle.— Angraecum Sedeni, L. Lind. & Rodigas in Lindenia,
iii. 81, t. 135.

East Africa. Culminated specimen, Seden.

Near the South African L. arcuata, Reichb. f., but with broader and longer leaves;
louger and more acute bracts, straight spur, lip without lateral teeth, beaked anther,
and bifid rostellum, Only known to me from the original description and the figure

Lustrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 155

cited above, which is said to represent this species. A specimen, accompanied by a
sketch, from the mountains of the Pangani Valley, German East Africa, Kirk ! appa-
rently belongs here,

6. L. Whytei, Zolfe. Stem short. Leaves oblong, obtuse, rather
broad. Racemes stout, erect, 8-9 in. long, (—8-flowered. Bracts
broadly ovate, subacute, cucullate, 8-10 lin. long. Pedicels 14-1} in.
long. Flowers secund. Sepals triangular-lanceolate below, acuminate
and much recurved above, 14-19 lin. long. Petals similar to the sepals,
but rather smaller. Lip similar to the petals, but concave below , spur
somewhat curved, 24-2} in. long, stout below, gradually tapering
upwards. Column very stout, 2 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Mlanje Plateau, Whyte, 102!

The habit of the plant is described from a photograph. A fruiting specimen

collected by Scott-Elliot during the Ruwenzori Expedition, without locality, may
belong here.

1. L. Erythrzeze, 2olfe. Stem 3 in. high. Leaves 8-9, linear-
oblong, shortly, obtusely, and unequally bilobed, 5—6 in. long, 5-6 lin.
broad. Raceme arcuate, 3 in. long, with 2 or 3 broad, basal sheaths
6—7-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, subacute. Capsules clavate-oblong,
stoutly pedicelled, 1-1} in. long.— Angraecum schimperianum, Schweinf.
in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 90 (not Reichb. f.).

Nile Land. Eritrea: Ginda, near Girsa, 1900 ft., Schweinfurth, 387! Ginda
Valley, 3200-4900 ft., Schweinfurth, 2143!

This is very different from Angrecum schimperianum, Reichb. f., to which it is
referred by Schweinfurth ; and although the specimen seen is only in fruit, the habit
is so characteristic as to leave little doubt that this is its proper affinity.

5. L. ringens, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, x. 266. Plant
dwarf, 3 in. high. Leaves cuneate-oblong, obtusely bilobed, 3 in. long,
l in. broad near the apex. Racemes few-flowered, secund, 3 in. long.
Bracts triangular, considerably shorter than the long, pedicelled ovary.
Flowers yellowish-white. Sepals triangular, reflexed or recurved.
Petals rhomboid-ligulate, reflexed. Lip rhomboid-lanceolate, with a
blunt angle on each side before the mouth of the spur; spur ample,
cylindrical or filiform, obtuse, more than twice as long as the pedicels,
l% in. long. Column short; rostellum short, not beaked.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons : cultivated specimens.

Flowered in the Botanic Garden, Berlin, in 1878. Only known to me from the
original description, where it is said to form a connecting link between the L. arcuata

and the L. filicornis groups, but to differ from both of them by its short, unbeaked
rostellum,

9. L. bistorta, Rolfe. Stems climbing, rooting. Leaves linear-
oblong, shortly and unequally bilobed, 3-5 in. long, {-1} in. broad;
lobes rounded. Racemes few-flowered, 2} in. long. Bracts broadly
tubular, 2 lin. long ; apex obtuse and suboblique. Pedicels 4 lin. long.
Flowers secund. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, subattenuate at the apex,

156 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [Zistrostachys.

acute, 4 lin. long; lateral suboblique. Petals a little narrower than
the sepals. Lip ovate-lanceolate, subacute; spur elongate, looped in
the middle owing to the apex remaining within the bracts, 9-10 lin.
long. Column very short ; gland lanceolate-linear, 14 lin. long ; stipites
short, slender, curved ; rostellum bipartite. —Angræecum bistortum, Rolfe
in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 65.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: cultivated specimens, Moloney !

Flowered at Kew in 1893.

10. L. Aschersoni, Durand d Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 48.
Plant caulescent. Leaves oblong-linear, very straight, firm, 6 in. long,
5-6 lin. broad ; base a little dilated ; apex bilobed. Scapes half as long as
the leaves, straight, about 6-flowered. Bracts ochreate, nearly orbicular,
very obtuse. Flowers a third as large as those of Z. chailluana, Reichb. f.
Sepals triangular, acuminate; dorsal straight; lateral reflexed at
the apex, with obtuse angles on their dorsal margins. Petals much
like the sepals. Lip also similar to the sepals but much more shell-
shaped; spur with ample mouth, then elongated and sigmoid, with a
double curve, and nearly as long as the pedicels. Column very short;
rostellum descending, emarginate or slightly bipartite ; stipites 2, linear,
a little dilated above, descending into the spur.—Angrecum Aschersont,
Kranzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 157.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons.
Only known to me from the original description, but seems allied to the preceding.

11. L. trachypus, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 253. Roots very
long. Stems about 1} in. long, thick. Leaves numerous, ensiform,
curved, reflexed, acute, + in. long, 5 lin. broad. Racemes a little shorter
than the leaves, secund, floriferous to the base. Bracts ochreate, obtuse
or retuse, much shorter than the densely villous ovary and pedicels.
Flower 5 lin. diam. Dorsal sepal large, oblong, acuminate ; lateral
and the petals a little narrower. Lip very similar to the petals; spur
wide, extinguisher-shaped, attenuated and suddenly hooked at the apex.
Column very short; anther much produced, retuse ; rostellum bipartite ;
stipites in pairs, distinct to the base.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, on trees among lichens, Zenker, 420.

k Pe known to me from the original description, but said to be allied to L. Monteire,
eichb. f.

12. L. Monteiræ, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 76. Stems 4 in. or more
long. Leaves oblong, obovate-oblong or somewhat cuneate towards the
base, 5—8 in. long, 14-1? in. broad ; apex unequally and obscurely bilobed;
lobes obtuse. Racemes 6-12 in.long,many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate,
cucullate, subobtuse, 3—4 lin. long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Sepals lanceo-
late, acuminate, recurved, 5-6 lin. long. Petals a little smaller than the
sepals. Lip lanceolate, acuminate, broader at the extreme base, 4—5 lin.
long; spur stoutish at the base, attenuate upwards, 1}—1ł in. long.
Column very stout, 1 lin. long; rostellum deflexed into the spur, 1} lin.

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDER (ROLFE). 157

long, shortly bifid at the apex; gland linear, 2} lin. long; stipites
slender.— Angraecum antennatum, Kriinzl, in Engl. Jahrb, xvii. 61.
Upper Guinea. Lagos, Moloney! Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 418 !
Lower Guinea. Angola: Bembi, Monteiro !
I cannot find any character by which to distinguish Angrecum antennatum,
Kränzl. An imperfect cultivated specimen from Mr. Christy’s garden, received from
Liberia, belougs to the same or a closely allied species.

13. L. buchholziana, Durand d Schinz. Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 48.
Stems 4-54 in. long. Leaves oblong, 44-54 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, fairly.
thick ; apex unequally bilobed ; lobes obtuse. Racemes straight, 7-8 in.
long, 15—20-flowered, secund. Bracts sheathing or ochraceous below,
nearly orbicular, truncate, apiculate; upper a little longer, one-third
as long as the ovary. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals ovate, pro-
duced into a long recurved point, 4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad; lateral
slightly oblique, with an obtuse angle on the lower margin. Petals
slightly smaller and more slender. Lip like the petals; spur straight,
uniform, rather stout, about 11 lin. long. Column 1 lin. long; rostellum
1 lin. long, 5-6 toothed at the apex, with anther descending into the
spur; gland 2 lin. long; stipites dilated above.-—Angrecum buchhol-
stanum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. vii. 334.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Mungo, Buchholz.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be near L. chailluana,
Reichb. f,

14. L. henriquesiana, Rolfe. Stems woody, branched, stout,
about 3 in. long, with strong roots. Leaves narrowly linear, subacute,
not bilobed, about 54 in. long, 2 lin. broad. Racemes short, spreading,
1 in. long. Bracts ample, ovate, obtuse, 6-nerved. Flowers yellow,
about the same size as those of Z. arcuata, Reichb. f. Sepals ovate,
acuminate, 2 lin. long. Petals similar to but a little narrower than
the sepals. Lip ovate, acuminate; apex revolute; spur narrowly
funnel-shaped at the base, attenuate above, pendulous, 12-32 in. long.
Column short; rostellum oblong, truncate; stipites elongate-linear,
with a rounded appendage at their junction with the entire base ; gland
Ad 2 lin. long.— Angrecum henriquesianum, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot.
v: 281,

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, 350 ft. Newton! Barter, 2019! Also
cultivated specimens!

Near L. arcuata, Beicht, f., but the leaves are much narrower. The original
specimen is in very poor condition, but has narrower, more fleshy leaves, and hence
it remains uncertain if the other specimens referred here are identical.

15. L. engleriana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 254 (in note).
Stemless. Roots dense, long, slightly villous. Leaves linear, obtuse,
subequally lobed, firm, shining, 4-43 in. long, 34-4} lin. broad.

mes strict, scarcely longer than the leaves, 10-12-flowered. Bracts
broadly ovate-triangular, apiculate; the lower cucullate, apiculate,
2 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals oval-lanceolate, acuminate,

158 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Listrostachys.

3 lin. long. Petals similar to but a little smaller than the sepals.
Lip broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate, as long as the petals, 24 lin.
broad; spur slender, 2-2} in. long, ascending. Column rather
slender, 2 lin. long; anther crested, oblong, retuse, hyaline, 1 lin. long,
3 lin. broad ; stipites of pollinia subparallel, filiform ; rostellum trifid ;
middle lobe a little shorter than the side.—Angraecum englerianum,
Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. vii. 333; xvii. 61, t. 4.
Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Mungo, Buchholz.

16. L. muscicola, Rolfe. Stems short, stout, about 5-leaved ; roots
very thick. Leaves linear, conduplicate, rigid, 5-3} in. long; apex
obtuse or obscurely bilobed. Scapes suberect, 5—6-flowered, 3-5 in.
long. Bracts broadly ovate, obtuse or apiculate, 3-34 lin. long.
Pedicels 8—9 lin. long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse or apiculate,
34-4 lin. long. Petals slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip broadly
rhomboid-ovate, apiculate, 4 lin. long; spur slender, 24 A in. long.
Column short; rostellum long, slender, bifid.—Aéranthus muscicola,
Reichb, f. in Flora, 1865, 190; Mystacidiwm muscicolum, Durand &
Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 54.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; rocks of Tunda,Quilombo, Welwitsch,
699 !

17. L. rhipsalisocia, Xolfe. Stems short, with stout roots.
Leaves equitant, recurved, linear, subacuminate, 5-54 in. long.
Racemes 24-34 in. long, recurved, about 10-flowered, secund. Bracts
very broadly ovate, cucullate, obtuse or apiculate, 14-2 lin. long.
Pedicels 2 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 4 lin. long. Petals
slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip ovate-lanceolate, acute, broader
than the petals ; spur stout at the base, tapering and strongly hooked
above, 5 lin. long. Column stout; stipites of pollinia distinct, slender ;
gland broadly rounded.— Angraecum rhipsalisocium, Reichb. f. in Flora,
1865, 189.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; in the primeval woods of Sobato de
Quilombo, Welwitsch, 662! (not 692 as quoted by Reichenbach).

18. L. Wittmackii, Rolfe. Stems 2 lin. broad. Leaves very
thick, distant, ovate or oblong; apex more or less unequal; apices of
lobes }-2 lin. apart, obtuse; sheaths rugose, with black hairy warts;
limb of leaf nearly three times as long as the internodes. Inflores-
cence 2-flowered, opposite the leaves and much shorter, with some very
short scales at the base. Pedicels pilose with black hairs. Flowers
2} lin. diam., spreading. Sepals ovate, acute, sparsely pilose outside
with black hairs; dorsal slightly longer than the lateral. Petals as
long as the sepals, but about half as broad, linear, acute. Lip linear ;
apex triangular, acute; disc with a pair of fleshy calli behind the orifice
of the spur ; spur straight or slightly curved, 5 lin. long. Column nearly
globose, very short.—Angrecum Wittmackii, Kränz), in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889), 158; Durand & Schinz. Conspect. Fl. Afr. 47.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun, 2.

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). 159

Only known to me from the original description, but apparently allied to the
preceding.

19. L. ashantensis, Keichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 908. Stems tall,
climbing, leafy, with stout roots. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong,
3-3% in. long, 10-13 lin. broad; apex very oblique but scarcely
bilobed. Racemes axillary, slender, many-flowered, 3ł—4 in. long.
Bracts broadly ovate, apiculate, amplexicaul, reflexed, 1 lin. long.
Pedicels 2 lin. long. Flowers orange-buff. Sepals oblong-lanceolate,
subobtuse, 24 lin. long. Petals smaller and narrower than the sepals.
Lip broadly subpandurate, obtuse or apiculate, 2 lin. long; margins |
crenulate and reflexed; spur subclavate, 3 lin. long, slightly curved
and somewhat compressed. Column stout, ł lin. long; pollinia with
2 clavate stipites and a small oblong gland; rostellum rostrate.—
Angrecum ashantense, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. 56.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti : cultivated specimen, Loddiges ! :

Originally flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, in 1843. The sepals and petals are
not galeate, as described by Lindley.

20. L. Papagayi, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 189. Stems tall,
climbing, leafy. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 34-5 in. long,
}-1} in. broad ; apex oblique, more or less bidentate. Racemes axillary,
slender, 34-4 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, apiculate,
ochreate at the base, 3 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals and
petals lanceolate-subacute, 24 lin. long. Lip subpandurate-oblong,
obtuse or apiculate, crenulate-undulate in front, 2} lin. long; spur
ee slender, slightly curved, 44 lin. long. Column stout, } lin.
ong.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island: shady rocks on the peak of Papagayo, 3000 ft.,
Welwitsch, 629! Mann, 1148!

Near L. ashantensis, Reichb. f., but differs in its narrow segments and long spur,
Welwitsch notes the stems as “ pendulous, very slender, 10-12 ft. long.”

21. L. Bakeri, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. e 48,
Racemes slender, nodding, 5-6 in. long. Bracts very small, ochreate,
obtuse. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Flowers 3-3} lin. diam. Lateral sepals
slightly oblique, acute. Petals slightly smaller than the sepals, spread-
ing; margin entire, not denticulate. Lip cordate-ovate, truncate-
emarginate, 2 lin. long, slightly broader, denticulate at the sides ? disc
with a small, recurved tooth at the base; spur descending, straight,
compressed, obtuse, nearly twice as long as the lip, constricted at the
base. Column short : rostellum long, linear.—Angrecum Bakeri,
Kränzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 159.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.

Allied to L. ashantensis, Reichb. f., but differs amongst other characters in the
shape of the lip. I have not seen it.

22. L. acuta, Rolfe. Plant caulescent. Stem elongate. Roots
long, stout. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, shortly and obliquely
bilobed, obtuse, 3-4 in. long, 7-12 lin. broad; upper lobe 4-5 lin.

160 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Listrostachys.

longer than the lower. Racemes numerous, sometimes a little fas-
cicled, slender, many-flowered, 3—6 in. long. Bracts ovate, amplexi-
caul, obtuse, 1-14 lin. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate, acuminate,
subequal, 3-4 lin. long. Lip obovate, cuspidate, as long as the sepals
but broader; margin minutely fimbriate ; spur pendulous, 4 lin. long,
slender, a little stouter near the apex, subacute. Column stout ;
stipites slender ; pollinia obovate ` gland rounded.—Angracum acutum,
Ridl. in Bolet. Soe, Brot. v. 199, t. C. fig. b.
Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Nova Moka, 2200 feet., Quintas, 3!

Allied to L. ashantensis, Reich. f., but differs from all its allies in the shape and
details of the lip.

23. L. subclavata, Rolfe. Plant caulescent. Leaves sessile, oblong,
4 in. long, 1} in. broad; base oblique, cordate on one side; apex
unequally and obtusely bilobed. Racemes a little longer than the
leaves, 16—20-flowered. Bracts minute. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals
lanceolate, acute. Petals similar to but a little shorter than the sepals.
Lip broadly elliptic-ovate, acute, 3 lin. long; margin denticulate ;
spur subclavate, 3 lin. long. Column short and stout.—Angrecum
subclavatum, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 140.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Quintas. !

Allied to L. ashantensis, Reichb. f. The flowers are in a young state.

24. L. bidens, Rolfe. Stems long and climbing, with strong
roots. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, obliquely and unequally bilobed,
with subacute or obtuse lobes, 24-4} in. long, 3-1? in. broad. Racemes
slender, 34-64 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly triangular.
ovate, obtuse, 4-4 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Flowers white.
Sepals lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, acute or subobtuse, 2 lin. long.
Petals a little smaller than the sepals. Lip broadly oblong or quadrate-
oblong, shortly trilobed at the apex, 24-23 lin. long ; side lobes rounded;
front lobe cuspidate and smaller ; spur about as long as the lip, clavate
or subclavate. Column stout, 4 lin. long.—Limodorwm bidens, Afzel.
ex Sw. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1800, 243 (name only); Pers. Syn-
ii. 521.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Wilberforce, 250 ft., on rocky banks by
stream side, Johnston, 101! and without locality, Afzelius! Gold Coast: Cape Coast

Castle, Vogel! Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss,335! Bipinde, Zenker, 1062! Efulen,
Bates, 354!

25. L. monodon, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 908. Stems not
seen. Leaves ovate-oblong, shortly and obliquely bilobed, 3 in. long.
1 in. broad. Racemes 3 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts broadly
ovate, apiculate, amplexicaul, 4 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Flowers
reddish. Sepals and petals ovate-oblong, subacute, 2 lin. long. Lip
suborbicular, subconcaye, 2 lin. long, with a short, blunt tooth near the
base; spur slightly curved, subclavate, 3 lin. long. Column stout,
3 lin. long; pollinia on distinct, slender stipites ` rostellum subulate,

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE£ (ROLFE). 161

decurved.—Angræcum monodon, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 102,
fig. 187 (not in Journ. Linn. Soe. vi. 135).

Lower Guinea, Gaboon: cultivated specimen, Pescatore !

Only known from the original specimen.

26. L. pertusa, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 908. Stems stout,
short, 2-6 in. long, clothed with the persistent, imbricate leaf-bases.
Leaves ligulate or linear-oblong, shortly and very unequally bilobed,
4-8 in. long, 6—10 lin. broad. Racemes stout, erect or spreading, 6-9 in.
long, dense-flowered almost to the base. Bracts ochreate, very short,
alternate. Pedicels 1 lin. long. Flowers small, distichous, white,
furfuraceous. Sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, 14-14 lin. long. Petals
similar to but a little smaller than the sepals. Lip broadly unguiculate,
suborbicular-obovate, obtuse or apiculate, slightly reflexed, 14-1} lin.
long; spur stout, clavate, dorsally compressed, 14-2 lin. long. Column
very stout, 1 lin. long; pollinia with a crescent-shaped gland, and
2 clavate, flattened stipites, denticulate at the margins.—Angrecum
pertusum, Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 205; Journ. Linn. Soc.
vi. 135; Bot. Mag. t. 4782.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone: cultivated specimen, Loddiges! Lagos,

Moloney ! Niger Delta: Brass, Barter, 1826! Nun River, Mann,524! Cameroons :
Efulen, Bates, 395!

27. L. clandestina, Rolfe. ‘‘Caulescent.” Leaves ensiform,
recurved, thick, 7 in. long, 3—4 lin. broad, very obliquely bidentate,
with the lower tooth 11 lin. below the upper. Spike horizontal, dense.
Bracts ovate, coriaceous, rigid. Flowers furfuraceous; sepals and
petals white ; lip green. Sepals broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, concave,
2 lin. long. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. Jong. Lip trilobed,
concave, 2 lin. long; side lobes ample, oblong, obtuse; front lobe ovate,
apiculate, obscurely crenulate, concave; spur clavate, inflated at the
apex, curved, 24 lin. long. Column stout, 14 lin. long; rostellum
elongate, bipartite, lobes subulate, descending at the base, sharply
inflexed at the middle, and then ascending.—Angrecum clandestinum,
Lindl. in. Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 206; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
vi. 906,

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated specimen, Loddiges !

An imperfectly known species, apparently of this affinity,

28. L. gabonensis, alt. Leaf linear-oblong, shortly, obtusely,
and unequally bilobed, 5 in. long, 10 lin. broad. Raceme 6 in. long,
dense, many-flowered. Bracts alternate, broadly tubular, nearly truncate
or apiculate, 3? lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long. Lateral sepals broadly
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 1-11 lin. long; dorsal, and the petals, sub-
orbicular, 1 lin. long. Lip suborbicular, emarginate, 1 lin. long; spur
cylindrical, slightly narrower near the base, 34 lin. long. Column stout,

lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: cultivated specimen !

Flowered in the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, in 1886.

VOL. VII, M

162 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Listrostachys.

29. L. multiflora, Rolfe. Leaf linear-oblong, shortly and un-
equally bilobed, with an acute upper lobe, 2? in. long, 4 lin. broad.
Racemes 24 in. long, dense, many-flowered. Bracts very broadly
tubular, truncate, apiculate, } lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long. Sepals
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 1-1} lin. long. Petals orbicular, 1 lin. long.
Lip broadly ovate, subacute, 1-1} lin. long; spur cylindrical, scarcely
thickened above the middle, 3-34 lin. long. Column stout, } lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Pangani Valley, Kirk !

30. L. pellucida, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 908. Stems short,
7-8-leaved. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obliquely subobtuse or obscurely
bilobed, attenuate below, 9-15 in. long, 1-23 in. broad. Racemes long,
slender, drooping, 1-2 ft. long, sometimes shorter, many-flowered from
the base; flowers alternate. Bracts very broadly ovate, subobtuse or
apiculate, 24-5 lin. long. Pedicels much shorter than the bracts.
Flowers pellucid white. Sepals ovate-oblong, subobtuse, entire,
4-54 lin. long. Petals similar to the sepals but fimbriate. Lip
broadly subpandurate-ovate, truncate or retuse, 4-54} lin. long and
nearly as broad; margin fimbriate, pellucid; disc with a small, erect,
basal tooth ; spur curved, lying close under the limb of the lip, stout
below the middle, then gradually tapering to the apex, about the
same length as the limb of the lip. Column stout, 14 lin. long;
rostellum triangular, subulate, bifid, short; pollen with 2 slender
stipites on an oblong gland.—Angracum pellucidum, Lindl. in Bot.
Reg. 1844, t. 2; Gard. Chron. 1895, xviii. 158, with plate ; A. Althofiit,
Krinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889), 160 ; Listrostachys
Althoff, Durand & Schinz., Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 47.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Lumbaraya, Scott-Elliot, 5005! and without
precise locality, Loddiges! Whitfield! Lagos, Moloney! Lower Niger: Onitsa,

Barter, 1757! Brass, Barter, 37! Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 445! Bipinde,
Zenker, 1053! Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt, 417!

31. L. divitiflora, Kriinzl. in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. ©. 158. Stems
curved, woody, leafy only at the apex. Leaves 1 or 2, oblong o
oblong-lanceolate, 6 in. long, 14 in. broad; apex very unequal an
obtuse. Racemes many, deflexed, floriferous from the base to the apex-
Bracts ochreate, retuse. Flowers 4—5 lin. diam., white. Sepals ligulate
from a slightly broader base, acute or acuminate. Petals similar to but
a little smaller than the sepals. Lip nearly quadrate, retuse, with an
apiculus in the angle; base transversely plicate, without a basal tooth ;
spur obtuse, shorter than the lip. Column stout; rostellum produced.
—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 28.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ituri River, 2900 ft., Stuhlmann, 2636.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be allied to the
preceding.

32. L. vagans, Rolfe. “ Habit of a gigantic Vanda.” Leaves
oblong or elliptic-oblong, 8-94 in. long, 13-2 in. broad; apex slightly
oblique and subobtuse or apiculate. Racemes slender, pendulous;

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). 163

9-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ochreate, very short, broad,
truncate, almost obsolete. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Flowers yellow.
Sepals and petals oblong, obtuse, fleshy, 132 lin. long. Lip broadly
oblong ; apex tridentate or obtuse, fleshy; spur curved, slender at the
base, 5 lin. long; apex clavately inflated. Column very stout, ? lin.
long ; stipites “ linear, didymous.”—Angrecum vagans, Lindl. in Journ.
Linn. Soe. vi. 135.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1988!

According to Barter, it covers many of the small islets which abound near the
shore, and has yellow and insignificant flowers.

Allied to Z. vesicata, Reichb. f., but the leaves are very different. Lindley
describes the lip as like the sepals and petals, but I find it broader and tridentate.

33. L. thomensis, folfe. Acaulescent. Leaves linear, 5-6 in.
long, 5-7 lin. broad. Racemes pendulous, 1 ft. long, many-flowered.
Bracts broadly ovate, 14 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long; lateral oblong, subacute. Petals
linear, obtuse. Lip ovate, obtuse, 2 lin. long; spur subclavate, slightly
curved, 4 lin. long. Column short; pollen not seen. Capsule
pedicelled, triquetrous, curved, 4—5 lin. long.—Angrecum thomense, Rolfe
in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 141.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas, Quintas !

Allied to Z. ichneumonea, Reichb. f.

34, L. ichneumonea, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 681
(in note). Stems short, thick. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous,
9-12 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; apex suboblique and _ subobtuse.
Racemes pendulous, slender, 14-14 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts
broadly ovate, apiculate, 3 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals -
ovate-oblong, subobtuse. Petals linear-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate,
2} lin. long. Lip oblong, 24 lin. long; apex shortly trilobed; front
lobe, oblong, obtuse ; side lobes broad, 3-toothed or somewhat truncate ;
Spur curved, 8 lin. long, basal half slender, apical half inflated, clavate-
oblong, laterally compressed. Column stout, 3 lin. long; pollinia with
2 slender stipites attached to a single gland.—Angrecum ichneu-
moneum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 136; Reichb. f. in Gard.
Chron. 1887, ii. 681.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Banks of the Nun River, Mann, 520!

35. L. vesicata, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 190. Stems very short.
Leaves elongate-linear, a little attenuate and subobtuse, subcuneate
below, 9-11 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad, Racemes slender, pendulous,
6-11 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts opposite, } lin. long, each pair
united into a single, ochreate, truncate, amplexicaul body. Pedicels
2 lin, long. Flowers green, opposite. Sepals ovate, apiculate, 14 lin.
Jong, fleshy; dorsal broadly cucullate. Petals ovate-oblong, apicu-
late, fleshy, smaller than the sepals. Lip oblong or linear-oblong,
Subobtuse, fleshy, base broader and subauriculate, 1} lin, long; spur
Curved, slender at the base, apex obovoidly inflated, subcompressed,

164 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Listrostachys.

4-5 lin. long. Column very stout, ł lin. long; rostellum triangular ;
pollinia with 2 slender stipites, sometimes slightly adhering at the
broader apex ; gland oblong.—Angræcum vesicatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg.
1843, Mise. 6; Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 134; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi.
905.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti, Loddiges! Gold Coast: cultivated specimens, Bull !
Sander! Lower Niger: Asaba, Barter, 1839! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 610!
Fernando Po, Mann, 646!

36. L. fragrantissima, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 189. Leaves
ensiform-faleate, very coriaceous, 6-11 in. long, 8-12 lin. broad; apex
oblique, very obscurely bilobed. Racemes elongate, rather stout, about
1 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts very shortly triangular, obtuse, con-
fluent at the sides into aring. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Flowers opposite.
Sepals ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate; dorsal 5 lin. long; lateral
6 lin. long. Petals slightly shorter than the dorsal sepal. Lip broadly
pandurate-ovate or nearly quadrate, strongly apiculate, crenulate,
34-4 lin. long; spur 5 lin. long, base slender, apex suddenly and
obliquely inflated, broad, compressed, half as broad as long. Column
stout, 1} lin. long; rostellum subulate, short; pollinia with 2 slender
stipites and a rounded gland.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; rocks of Pedra Cabondo, 3400 ft.,
Welwitsch, 701! 702!

According to Welwitsch, it hangs from moss- and lichen-covered rocks, and from
branches at the foot of rocks, and is associated with Rhipsalis and Sarcostemma.

37. L. Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 190. Stems
woody. Leaves closely imbricate, erect, rigid, conduplicate, shortly
and subequally bilobed, 4-6 in. long. Racemes stout, elongate,
pendulous, many-flowered, 9-10 in. long. Bracts opposite, broadly
ovate-orbicular, very obtuse, 1-14 lin. long; sheaths at the base of the
racemes longer and more ochreate than the bracts. Pedicels 14-2 lin.
long. Flowers opposite. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, subacuminate,
acutely keeled near the apex, 6-7 lin. long. Petals very similar to the
sepals, but less acuminate, and not keeled, 5-6 lin. long. Lip broadly
pandurate-ovate, retuse, with a carinate apiculus in the angle,
denticulate, 5 lin. long and nearly as broad ; spur clavate, 5 lin. long.
Column stout, 14 lin. long; rostellum subulate, shortly bifid ; pollinia
with a pair of slender, curved stipites and a rounded gland.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo, frequent on rocks, Welwitsch, 703!

The leaves above described are attached to the specimen in the British Museum.

Other leaves mixed with the specimens are very different, and appear to belong bad
L. fragrantissima, Reichb. f.

38. L. Kirkii, Zolfe. Stem stout, pendulous. Leaves linear-
oblong, obliquely subobtuse, somewhat faleate, 6-14 in. long, 1-1} in-
broad. Scapes slender, 1-1} ft. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts
opposite, united in pairs into a broad ring, subobtuse, 3—1 lin. long.
Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals and petals ovate-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin.

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 165

long. Lip broadly oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Spur 34 lin. long,
slender at the base, suddenly bent and obliquely inflated into an ovate-
oblong, subacute sac. Column stout, 1 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, at Magila, banging from a
tree over a waterfall, in a dark forest, Kirk !

In the shape of the spur this much resembles the preceding, but it is very different
in other respects,

39. L. urostachya, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 158,
Stems rather stout. Leaves about 7 lin. distant, linear-oblong,
obtuse, obscurely bilobed, 4-43 in. long. Spikes elongate, with a few
scales at the base, the upper part developed gradually after the lower
flowers expand. Bracts triangular, retuse, shorter than the ovary.
Flowers amongst the smallest in the genus, verticillate. Sepals and
petals rounded, obtuse, concave. Lip broadly ovate, obtuse; spur
filiform, slightly curved, stoutish, much longer than the ovary.—Krinzl.
in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 29.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 4001.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to differ from L. pertusa,
Reichb, f., in the length of the internodes and spur.

40. L. Virgula, Rolfe. Stems ascending, straight, 10 in. long,
many-leaved. Leaves linear, chartaceous; apex unequally bilobed.
Racemes much shorter, few-flowered ; rhachis very flexuous. Bracts
minute, triangular, acute. Flowers scarcely 1 lin, diam. Dorsal sepal
ovate, cucullate ; lateral much larger than the dorsal, triangular, pro-
duced behind into a small, obtuse, chin-like process. Petals linear-
oblong, acute. Lip minute, triangular, cucullate ; base funnel-shaped,
gradually extending into a curved, fairly stout spur, 5 lin. long.
Column stout; rostellum 2-armed; pollinia not seen.—Angrecum
Virgula, Kränzl. in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. C. 157; Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xxii. 27.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 8200 ft., Stuhlmann, 2336.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to somewhat resemble
L. subulata, Reichb. f. in habit,

41. L. graminifolia, Kränzl. in Eng. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 158. Stems

short, thick, fusiform. Leaves very narrowly linear, 10 in. long, 1-1}
n. broad. Racemes flexuous, few-flowered. Bracts minute, triangular.

Flowers white, 11 lin. diam. Sepals narrow, very acuminate from an
ovate base. Petals similar to, but only half as large as, the sepals.
Lip like the sepals, but a little broader; spur very slender, filiform,
elongate, five times as long as the sepals. Column short ; rostellum
deflexed, dilated at the apex into a shield-like surface; gland large,
Scutelliform ; stipites 2.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 29.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; Mbaludorf, on trees, 5900 ft.,
Holst, 2607,

Only known to me from the original description, but remarkable for the shape of
the rostellum.

166 CXXXIII., ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [ Listrostachys.

42. L. capitata, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 190. Stems very short,
5—8-leaved. Leaves linear-oblong, shortly and unequally bidentate,
7-9 in. long, 8-10 lin. broad ; base conduplicate. Bracts oblong, obtuse,
membranous, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Flowers in dense,
globose, sessile, radical heads, 1 in. long, pale rose-coloured. Sepals
and petals oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip broadly ovate, cucullate,
about 2 lin. long ; spur stout, funnel-shaped at the base, clavate-inflated
at the apex, 34 lin. long —Angrecum capitatum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn.
Soe. vi. 137.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: Brass, Barter, 1857!

Specimens from the Nun River, on mangroves, Barter, 20106! and from Assin-
Yan-Coomassie, Ashanti, Cummins, 87! apparently represent nearly allied species.

43. L. cephalotes, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, 1687. Plant
somewhat caulescent. Leaves ligulate, rigid, thick, 6—8 in. long, about
5 lin. broad ; apex unequally bilobed. Heads lateral, below the leaves,
with imbricate sheaths passing into the bracts. Sepals and petals
ligulate. Lip trilobed, crenulate, sheathing the column; side lobes
semiovate ; front lobe ligulate, retuse, emarginate; spur ample,
cylindric, obtuse, constricted in the middle, nearly as long as the
‘pedicei. Column stout; rostellum trifid; middle lobe subulate, short,
ascending; side lobes lanceolate; stipites 2, apex cupulate; gland
elongate, lanceolate.

‘West Tropical Africa. Without locality : cultivated specimens.

Flowered in the collection of W. Wilson Saunders in 1872. Described as being very
near L. capitata, Reich. f., but the sheaths of the inflorescence broader, the lip hastate
at the base, and the spur shorter and stouter. I have not seen it.

44. L. glomerata, Rolfe. Plant subacaulescent. Leaves linear-
oblong, 3—+ in. long, 6—7 lin. broad ; apex shortly and unequally bilobed ;
lobes obtuse or bidenticulate. Racemes subsessile, capitate, 1-1} in.
long, with several oblong, obtuse, imbricate sheaths at the base. Bracts
oblong, obtuse, concave, 4 in. long. Sepals and petals oblong, obtuse,
3 lin. long. Lip suborbicular-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long; base sub-
auriculate and clasping the column; spur stout, narrowly funnel-shaped
at the base, the upper half subclavate-inflated, 4 lin. long. Column
stout, 1 lin. long; pollinia with 2 slender stipites, and a linear-oblong
gland ` rostellum bilobed; lobes subulate, ascending. — Angraecum
glomeratum, Ridl. in Gard. Chron. 1885, xxiv. 678.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated specimens, Schröder !

Originally flowered in the collection of Major Lendy, in 1885, and is said to have
been introduced by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., through their collector, S. Schröder. A
fruiting specimen from Sierra Leone, 4fzelius ! apparently belongs here.

45. L. Braunii, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v.48. Plant
subacaulescent. Roots thick. Leaves lorate, stout, unequally bilobed,
obtuse, + in. long, 7 Jin. broad; base conduplicate. Racemes congested
into a 20-30-flowered head. Bracts oboval, acute, membranous,
shorter than the flowers. Flowers 2 lin. diam, Sepals and petals

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 167

oboval, obtuse, stout, connivent, 14—2 lin. long, nearly as broad. Lip
transversely oval, or orbicular if flattened out ; apex rounded, concave ;
spur nearly straight, the upper half slightly inflated, 3 lin. long.
Column stout; anther retuse ; gland linear.—Angrecum cephalotes,
Kriinzl. in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889), 156.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.

Only known to me from the original description. Said to be allied to Z. capitata,
Reichb. f., but only half as large. A fine fruiting specimen from the Cameroon
Mountains, 5000 ft., Mann, 2123! may possibly belong here.

46. L. Batesii, Rolfe. Stem stout, erect, 4—1 in. long. Leaves
ensiform, compressed, curved, obtuse, 1-24 in. long, 3-4} lin. broad.
Scapes slender, suberect, dense, many-flowered, secund, 2}—6 in. long.
Bracts broadly ovate, apiculate, sheathing below, ł}-1 in. long. Pedicels
1 iin. long. Flowers white. Sepals and petals oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long. Lip oblong, obtuse, slightly concave at the base, 14 lin. long;
spur somewhat inflated, lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 1} lin. long.
. Column stout, ? lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 381!
Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Como River, Bates, 463 !

47. L. Zenkeri, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 252. Plant very
small, with a short, stout stem. Leaves ensiform, short, 13-2 in. long,
2 lin. broad; apex unequal, subacute. Racemes erect, a little longer
than the leaves, with retuse, ochreate sheaths at the base. Bracts
broadly triangular, acute, half as long as the flowers. Flowers 1 lin.
diam. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, with a thickened apiculus ; lateral
equal, carinate ` apex biapiculate, one point being in front of the other.
Petals a little broader than the sepals, more slender, very obtuse. Lip
ovate-oblong, obtuse, a little contracted above the base ; spur as long as
the limb, inflated, slightly compressed, obtuse, incurved. Column stout,
anther elongate, retuse ` pollinia with 2 slightly thickened and excavate
stipites. i

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, on high trees of the primæval forest,
Zenker, 623.

Said to be one of the smallest species of the genus, with the habit of Angraecum
Maude, Bolus, which it closely resembles in habit. I have not seen it. A fruiting

specimen from Sugarloaf Mountain, Sierra Leone, Barter ! apparently represents an
allied species.

48. L. iridifolia, Rolfe. Stem short and stout, 4 in. long., Leaves
ensiform, compressed, curved, obtuse, }-1 in. long. Scapes suberect,
slender, 1$-2 in. long, 8-12-flowered, with a few oblong, apiculate
sheaths near the base. Bracts triangular-oblong, subacute or apiculate,
1 lin, long. Capsules elliptic-oblong, 24 lin. long.— Angraecum? aff.
A. saccifero, Lindl.? Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 189.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 679!

A distinct little plant, known only from fruiting specimens,

168 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). | Listrostachys.

49. L. forcipata, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 254. Plant very
small. Rootlets numerous, much longer than the very short stem.
Leaves ensiform, narrowly compressed, acute, straight or slightly curved,
4 in. long, 5 lin. broad. Racemes much shorter than the leaves, few-
flowered, apparently secund. Bracts triangular, acute ; base more or
less clasping the slender pedicel and three or four times as short as it.
Flowers 4 in. long, 2} lin. broad. Dorsal sepal oblong ; lateral obovate ;
all very obtuse. Limb of the lip nearly obsolete, so that nothing
remains but the large, infundibuliform spur, which is entire at the
mouth, attenuate below, and contracted, then expanding into a deeply
bifid or forcipate apex. Column broadly margined, nearly cucullate ;
anther flat; apex much produced ` stipites free; gland elongate,
rectangular ; rostellum broad, retuse.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Primeval forests West of Buea, 4200 ft.,
Preuss,

Said to be one of the smallest species of the genus, much resembling a small
Oncidium iridifolium, Lindl., in habit. I have not seen it.

50. L. dactyloceras, Reichb. € in Flora, 1865, 190. Plant about
3 in. high. Stems short, stout, 1-1} in. long, 3-4-leaved. Leaves
equitant, ensiform, very fleshy, subobtuse or scarcely apiculate, 14 in.
long. Racemes capitate; rhachis very short. Bracts ovate or ovate-
oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 1-11 lin. long. Pedicels slender, 4-6
lin. long. Sepalsand petals broadly oblong or suborbicular, membranous,
subequal, 13-1? lin. long. Lip with a short, broad claw, 1 lin. long ;
limb ovate, obtuse, crenulate, 14 lin. long ; spur narrowly infundibuli-
form-oblong, slightly narrowed above the middle, 34-4 lin. long ; apex
slightly broader, subcompressed and obscurely tridenticulate. Column
stout, ł lin. long; rostellum subulate, deflexed into the spur, longer
e the column ; pollinia with distinct, slender, curved stipites, 1 lin.
ong.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near the large waterfall of the
Ces Cuanza, between Quisonde and Condo, and in the Island of Calemba, Welwitsch,

A very distinct species, much like a Saccolabium in the flowers, but the pollen is
that of a Listrostachys.

51. L. subulata, Reichb. f. ex Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 28
(in note). Stems slender, more or less curved, 3-12 in. long. Leaves
terete, subulate, slender, acute, 14-5 in. long; sheaths transversely
rugose. Bracts ovate, subobtuse, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long.
Flowers few and fasciculate or solitary, white. Sepals elliptic-oblong;
subobtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, as long as
the sepals, Lip broadly ovate, concave, subobtuse or apiculate, 2 lin.
long; spur falcate-incurved, subclavate, 2 lin. long. Column very short ;
pollinia subsessile, separately attached to a broad gland.—Angrecum
subulatum, Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 206.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Samu, on old trees in mangrove swamps, Scott-
Elliot, 4334! and without precise locality, Afzelius ! Loddiges! Niger Delta: Nun

Listrostachys. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 169

River, on mangroves, Barter, 20125! Brass, Barter, 52 ; Fernando Po, growing pen-
dant 7-8 ft. long, from branches of lofty trees, Barter !

The Fernando Po piece has longer and more slender leaves, but agrees in other
respects, and I think belongs to the same species,

52. L. filiformis, Kränzl. in Engl. D. Ost-Afr. C158: Racemes
minute, small-flowered. Bracts and flowers very minute. Sepals ovate-
triangular, acute. Petals linear. Lip cochleate, unguiculate at the
base and concave, dilated in front into 2 large rounded lobes; spur
subulate, longer than the lip. Column stout.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb,
xxii. 28.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mpororo; Kyenkesi, Nyavehasi Mountain,
6200 ft., hanging from trees like the lichen, Usnea barbata, Stuhlmann, 2229,

Only known to me from the original description. Said to be almost exactly like
the West African Z. subulata, Reichb. f., but twice as large. The leaves are not
described.

19, MYSTACIDIUM, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 584.

Sepals and petals subequal, free, spreading or subconnivent. Lip
affixed to the base of the:column and continuous with it, produced at
the base into a short or somewhat elongate spur; side lobes small, or
obsolete, at the sides of the spur; limb spreading or erect, generally
entire. Column very short, broad, concave in front, without wings and
footless ; clinandrium truncate, entire. Anther terminal, operculate,
meumbent, convex, often produced in front, scarcely 2-celled ; pollinia 2,
globose, sulcate, situated upon a pair of slender stipites, which are attached
to separate oblong or squamiform glands. Capsule oblong or fusiform,
—Epiphytic herbs. Stems leafy, short or elongated, not thickened into
pseudobulbs. Leaves distichous, coriaceous or fleshy, articulated to a
persistent sheath. Peduncles lateral, simple. Flowers generally small
or medium-sized, racemose or solitary. Bracts usually small.

_ A genus of about forty species, mostly in Tropical Africa and the Mascarene Islands,
with a few South African representatives and one in Ceylon. Reichenbach unites
it with Lindley’s genus Aéranthus, which is quite distinct.

Leaves flat,
Lip at least 2 in. long . i ; e . 1. M. tnfuadibulare.
Lip ł-14 in. long.
Spur 1 in. long . i ; S ; : 2. M. Astroarche.
Spur 6in. long . ; ; : 3 S 3. M. longicaudatum.
Lip under 4 in. long (unknown in 18).
Racemes short, few-flowered.
Spur filiform,
Spur 8 in. long . 5 $ S . 4, M. Kenia.
Spur under 2} in. long.
Leaves 3 in. broad
Leaves 23 A lin. broad,
Roots and sheaths verrucose
Roots and sheaths not verrucose,
Leaves 3-4 in. long (Western species) .
Leaves 14-23 in. long (Eastern species) -
Leaves }—1 in. broad . . b :

Or

. M. Gravenreuthit,
M. verrucosum.
M. Batesii.

. M. Walleri.
M. longifolium.

oon 9

170 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Mystacidium.

Spur clavate or subclavate.
Leaves 6—10 lin. broad : : c . 10. M. clavatum.
Leaves 13-3 lin. broad 3 ` S . 11. M. Schumanni.
Racemes longer, many-flowered.
Stems elongated and climbing.
Leaves distinctly bilobed (Angolan species).
Lip reniform-orbicular or transversely ob-
long. ; S S : ` . 12. M. xanthopollinium.
Lip cuneate . ` S 4 ; . 13. M. rutilum.
Leaves obscurely bilobed S é e . 14. M. productum.
Stems short.
Spur 6 lin. long . 5 S : - , 15. M. curvatum.
Spur not 3 lin. long.
Leaves 1-2 in long.

Petals ovate, acute S S ` . 16. M. Tridens,
Petals dolabriform i S . 17. M. dolabriforme.
Leaves 3-5 in. long . S ` : . 18. M. pedunculatum,
Leaves equitant S S Š S ; S . 19. M. distichum.

1. M. infundibulare, Rolfe. Stems elongate, climbing; inter-
nodes 1-1} in. long. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, or linear-oblong,
obscurely and very unequally bilobed, 5—6 in. long, 3-1 in. broad;
lobes obtuse. Peduncle 1-flowered, 2} in. long. Bracts broadly ovate,
3 lin. long; apex mucronate. Pedicels 2 in. long. Flowers white,
fragrant. Sepals and petals elongate-linear, subacute, 2-24 in. long.
Lip very large; limb quadrate-obovate, very abruptly and shortly
acuminate, 24 in. long; spur 4—5 in. long, base narrowly funnel-shaped,
slender in the upper two-thirds, Column short, stout, about 3 lin. long.
—Angrecum infundibulare, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vi. 136.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 2005!

A very distinct and remarkable species.

2. M. Astroarche, Rolfe. Plant caulescent, 1 foot high. Leaves
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, obscurely and unequally bidentate, 3-4 in.
long, 3-1 in. broad. Scapes 4-5 in. long, 143-flowered at the apex-
Bracts ovate, obtuse, 2-3 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, 1}-2 in. long-
Petals slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip similar to the petals but 3
little broader ; disc with a slight median keel ; spur pendulous, filiform,
slightly thickened at the apex, 1 in. long. Column short and broad ;
anther slender, depressed; pollen globose; discs squamiform, distinct ;
rostellum short and broad.—Angrecum Astroarche, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc.
Brot. v. 199, t. C, fig. a.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: Nova Moka, 2900 ft., Quintas, 4!

A large-flowered species allied to the preceding.

3. M. longicaudatum, Rolfe. Stems elongated, erect and climb-
ing. Leaves linear-oblong, obliquely and obtusely bilobed, 4—44 in. long,
5-7 lin. broad. Scapes suberect, 4—6 in. long, 2—3-flowered, with two
or three tubular sheaths below. Bracts broadly ovate, obtuse, 6-7 lin.
long. Pedicels 2-2} in. long. Sepals and petals triangular-lanceolate,

Mystacidium. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 171

acuminate, 1-1} in. long. Lip triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, some-
what reflexed at the sides above the base, 1-1} in. long; spur filiform,
elongated, 6-7 in. long. Column stout, 34 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Millen, 188!

A very distinct species characterised by its long slender spur.

4. M. Kenize, Rolfe. Roots very dense, mostly simple. Stem
2-edged, elongated, about 1 ft.long. Leaves somewhat remote, equitant,
narrowly lancet-shaped, acute, half as long as the internodes, 14-2 in.
long, 1 lin. broad. Flowers solitary or in numerous few-flowered racemes,
distinctly shorter than the leaves. Bracts very minute, triangular.
Pedicels curved or twisted. Flowers 8 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate,
acuminate. Petals very similar to, but a little narrower than the
sepals. Lip very similar to the petals but a little shorter; spur fili-
form, four times as long as the pedicel, 6 in. long. Column very short.
Capsule ? in. long, 4 lin. broad—Angracum Keniw, Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvii. 59.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ndoro, at the foot of Mt. Kenia, Höhnel, 24.

Only known to me from the original description,

5. M. Gravenreuthii, Rolfe. Stems short, rooting; apex only
leafy. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 64 in. long, ł in. or more broad ;
apex unequal, the longer side acute. Racemes slender, pendulous,
longer than the leaves, few-flowered, with a few bract-like sheaths at
the base. Bracts ovate, acute, one-fifth as long as the pedicels. Flowers
white, 2-2} in. diam. ; spur pale pink, 3 in. long. Sepals, petals, and
lip ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate, radiating; spur filiform, very
slender, nearly three times longer than the lip; apex very slightly
bilobed, incurved. Column rather long; anther apiculate; rostellum
trianguiar, acute, deflexed ; stipites linear; pollinia ovoid, sulcate.
Capsule nearly fusiform.—Aéranthus Gravenreuthii, Kriinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvii. 62,

_ Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in the primeval forest, west of Buea, 6200 ft.,
Preuss, 891.

Only known to me from the original description.

6. M, verrucosum, oli Plant slender, with verrucose roots
and sheaths. Stems branched at the base, 4-7 in. long; branches
ascending, slightly zigzag. Leaves ligulate, 2-21 in. long, 24-23 lin.
broad, unequal and slightly bifid at the apex. Racemes axillary,
2—flowered, longer than the leaves, very slender, perforating the leaf-
Sheath, bearing two sheaths at the base. Bracts two, broadly ovate,
chestnut-brown, 2-21 in. long. Pedicels slender, 6-7 lin. long.
Flowers delicate in texture. Sepals long, caudate from a lanceolate
base, 134 lin. long. Petals ovate, subhastate at the base, produced into
filiform tails, 11 lin. long, 14 lin. broad. Lip orbicular-ovate, 6 lin.
long, 4 lin. broad ; apex rather thick, abruptly acute or acuminate ;
Spur straight, continuous with the lip, 2 in. long. Column short,

172 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Mystacidium.

thick, 1 lin. long, 2-winged above; wings forming a hood over the
stigma.—Angrecum verrucosum, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 250.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa; Nyasaland; Mt, Mlanje, Whyte!
Zomba, 6000-7 000 ft., Kirk !

7. M. Batesii, Rolfe. Stem stout, 3—1 in. high. Leaves linear,
obtuse, conduplicate, 34-4 in. long, 4-5 lin. broad. Scapes slender,
23-3 in. long, 1—3-flowered, with a few narrow, tubular sheaths below.
Bracts tubular, obtuse, 8-5 lin. long. Pedicels 8—9 lin. long. Flowers
white. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long. Lip ovate, obtuse,
convex and somewhat carinate near the base, 24 lin. long; spur
elongated, filiform, 2} in. long. Column stout, 2 lin. long. Capsules
fusiform-oblong, pedicelled, 1 in. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 382!

8. M. Walleri, Rolfe. Stem elongated. Leaves linear-oblong,
shortly and obtusely bilobed, coriaceous, 14—2} in. long, 3—33 lin. broad.
Racemes 1-2-flowered, }—1 in. long, with two or three ovate-oblong,
obtuse, carinate, nerved sheaths below. Bracts Janceolate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, sheathing or tubular below, 4-5 lin. long. Pedicels slender,
8-10 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong, subacute, about 3 lin. long.
Lip similar to the sepals and petals; spur slender, curved, 5—6 lin. long.
Column stout, 14 lin. long. :

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Moramballa Mountain, at the summit,
3000 ft., Waller !

The flowers are not in good condition.

9. M. longifolium, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 57. Stems
short, 3-14 in. long, with imbricate bract-like sheaths, and rather flat,
branched roots, 3- or more leaved. Leaves linear, rigid, very narrow,
obtuse, 43 in. long, 4-1 lin. broad. Racemes nearly basal, bent, 3-4-
flowered. Bracts membranous, ochreate, obtuse, much shorter than
the pedicels. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Flowers yellow, 4—5 lin. long.
Sepals and petals linear-oblong, acute. Lip similar to the petals but
shorter; spur filiform, semicircularly recurved, 1} in. long. Column
very short.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ndoro, at the foot of Mt. Kenia, Höhnel, 31.

Only known to me from the original description, but remarkable for its very
narrow leaves.

10. M. clavatum, Rolfe. Stems short or somewhat elongate,
1 lin. thick, with many slender roots; internodes } in. long. Leaves
oblong or linear-oblong, obliquely and obtusely bidentate, 3 1. ge
6-10 lin. broad. Racemes short, axillary, 4—3 in. long, 1- or few-flower is
Bracts ochreate, truncate, 1—14 lin. long. Flowers very small. Pedicels
5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, subacute, 4 lin. long ; ee:
lanceolate, subacute, 23 lin. long. Petals lanceolate, subacute, 33 we
long. Lip ascending, broadly ovate, concave, acute or acuminate,

Mystacidium.] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 173

keeled in the upper half, 3-34 lin. long; spur narrow at the base,
suddenly clavate or fusiform-clavate above the middle, 54-7 lin. long.
Column very stout, 1 lin. long; pollinia with short, slender stipites, and
distinct, oblong glands.—Listrostachys clavata, Rendle in Journ. Bot.
1895, 251. Angrecum monodon, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 135
(not elsewhere).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Bafodeya, Scott-Elliot,5555! Lagos: Forest
between Otta and Abeokuta, Barter, 3352! Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 477!

11. M. Schumanni, Rolfe. Plant dwarf, branched at the base,
4 in. high. Roots numerous. Stem curved, ascending. Leaves dense,
linear, unequal at the apex, obtuse, recurved, ? in. long, 14—2 lin. broad.
Inflorescence 2-flowered, a third as long as the leaves. Bracts pellucid,
ovate, obtuse. Flowers smaller than in M. distichum, Benth. Sepals
and petals oboval, obtuse. Lip cochleate, entire, obtuse. Spur obtuse,
subclavate, slightly shorter than the lip and much shorter than the
pedicels. Column short, stout; anther flat; rostellum trilobed, side
lobes inflexed on the sides of the stigma, front lobe much shorter,
deflexed. Pollinia globose; glands very large, affixed to the arms of
the rostellum, emarginate in front.—Angrecwm Schumanni, Kränz), in
Mitth. Deutsch, Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 159.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.

A miniature species only known to me from the original description.

12. M. xanthopollinium, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr.
v. 55. Plant caulescent. Stem stout, climbing, sometimes branched,
with long, aerial roots. Leaves linear or oblong-linear, 24-3 in. long,
23-3} lin, broad: apex very unequally and obtusely bilobed. Racemes
axillary, slender, 3—4 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ochreate, 3—1 lin.
long; apex broadly triangular, apiculate. Pedicels minutely punctulate,
14-1} lin. long. Sepals oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, punctulate
outside, 14 lin. long. Petals subequal, broader than the sepals. Lip
broadly flabellate or transversely oblong, repand or obscurely trilobed
in front, 2-21 lin. long; spur cylindrical, slightly curved, 3 lin. long.
Column stout, $ lin. long ; rostellum beak-like, linear, nearly as long as
the column ; pollen with distinct stipites and glands, on either side of
the rostellum, yellow.—Aéranthus xanthopollinius, Reichb. f. in Flora,
1865, 190. <Aéranthus erythropollinius, Reichb. f., 1l. c. 190. Mystaci-
dium erythropollinium, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 52.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in primeval woods of Mata de
Pungo and Cabondo, Welwitsch, 678! Golungo Alto; in woods along the Cuango
Rivulet, Welwitsch, 665!

: Reichenbach originally divided this into two species, but I fail to find a single
distinguishing character,

13. M. rutilum, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 54.
Leaves oblong-ligulate ; apex unequally and obtusely bilobed. Racemes
elongate, dense-flowered. Bracts retuse, very short. Flowers reddish ;
petals and lip yellowish-white. Sepals oblong, obtuse. Petals slightly

174 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). | Mystacidium.

broader than the sepals. Lip cuneate; apex dilated, slightly trilobed,
or entire and subacute ; spur filiform, falcate, longer than the pedicels.
—Aéranthus rutilus, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1885, 3582. Listrostachys rutila,
Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 200.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: Nova Moka; Santa Maria, 2600-
4400 ft., Moller. Angola, Monteiro.

Only known to me from the original description.

14. M. productum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii, 30. Stems
elongate, many-leaved, internodes about ł in. long. Leaves distichous,
oblong ; apex obscurely bilobed, acute. Racemes mostly solitary, nearly
opposite the leaves, very straight, more than twice as long as the leaves,
many-flowered, with numerous sheaths below the flowers. Bracts
small, ochreate, retuse. Flowers 14 lin. long, pale brown. Sepals
oblong, obtuse. Petals equal, linear, acute. Lip dilated from the base,
flabellate-subquadrate, obscurely bilobed, retuse; disc with a minute,
acute tooth at the base; spur incurved, fusiform, obtuse, a little longer
than the limb and pedicel. Column stout; anther produced in front.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: between Victoria and Bimbia, on high trees,
Preuss, 1227.

Only known to me from the original description, but apparently allied to the pre-
ceding.

15. M.-curvatum, Rolfe. Leaf obovate-oblong, obliquely and
obscurely bilobed, 2? in. long, 12-13 lin. broad ; lobes subacute. Raceme
arching, 4-44% in. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts very broadly ovate,
subobtuse, 4-} lin. long. Pedicels 2-2} lin. long. Flowers light
yellowish-green. Sepals oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 2-2} lin.
long. Petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, slightly shorter than the sepals.
Lip ovate-suborbicular, obtuse, 14 lin. long; disc thickened round the
mouth of the spur ; spur slender, curved, 5—6 lin. long. Column stout,
2 lin. long. Pollinia with slender stipites and separate, ovate-oblong
glands.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti: cultivated specimen!
Flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., in 1892.

16. M. Tridens, Rolfe. Plant very dwarf, almost stemless. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, 1-2 in. long; apex unequally and minutely bilobed ;
lobes obtuse. Scapes suberect, very slender, 2-3 in. long. Racemes
5-8-flowered. Bracts triangular, subobtuse, scarcely } lin. long. Pedi-
cels 24-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, recurved, 3 lin. long;
lateral subspathulate-linear, subobtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals ovate,
acuminate, recurved, ł lin. long. Lip tripartite from a short, broad
base, with subulate, diverging lobes, 1} lin. long; spur 1 lin. long,
inflated at the apex. Column very short; pollinia with distinct,
clavate stipites and oblong, downy glands, both somewhat hairy.—
Listrostachys Tridens, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 190. Angrecum Tridens,
Lindl. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vi. 135.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 4000, ft., Mann, 646!

Mystacidium. CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 175
y

17. M. dolabriforme, Jolie in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 141. Plant
about 3 in. high. Leaves linear-oblong, unequally bidentate, 14 in.
long, 3-6 lin. broad. Racemes suberect, slender, 24—5 in. long, many-
flowered. Bracts small, ochreate at the base; apex shortly triangular.
Pedicels slender, 34 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, obtuse,
1 lin. long; lateral spathulate-linear, subfaleate, obtuse, 2} lin. long.
Petals somewhat axe-shaped, rounded and oblique below the apex, long
acuminate. Lip 3 lin. long; base narrow; apex tricuspidate; lobes
linear-subulate, acute; spur clavate, 2 lin. long. Column very short;
rostellum apiculate; pollinia with 2 slender stipites and distinct glands.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: cultivated specimens, Henriques !

Originally flowered at the Coimbra Botanic Gardens in 1889. The axe-shaped
petals are peculiar.

18. M. pedunculatum, Julie, Stem stout, 1-2 in. long. Leaves
ensiform, obliquely subobtuse or obscurely bilobed, sometimes slightly
faleate, 3-7 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad. Peduncles slender, 3—6 in. long,
with two or three small, narrow, tubular sheaths, several- or many-
flowered at the apex. Bracts broadly ovate, somewhat obtuse, aggre-
gated, 4-4 lin. long. Capsules elliptic-oblong, pedicellate, 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua-land; Namuli Mountains,
Last! British Central Africa: Mt. Chiradzulu, Manganga Hills, Miller, 3! Mt.
Mlanje, 4000 ft., Mc Connie, 29 !

A very distinct species, only known from fruiting specimens,

19. M. distichum, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 337. Stems
tufted, more or less curved, 3-9 in. long. Leaves equitant, distichous,
approximate, broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse, falcately recurved, 4—9
lin. long. Flowers solitary, axillary, on very short peduncles, about
1} lin. diam. Bracts ovate, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Pedicels 2} lin. long.
Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1-14 lin. long. Petals oblong, obtuse,
slightly smaller than the sepals. Lip cucullate, broadly ovate or ovate-
oblong, trilobed, 1 lin. long; side lobes broadly rounded; front lobe
triangular, subacute. Column very short; pollinia with short stipites
and distinct oblong glands.—Pfitz. in Engl. et Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf.
H. Abth. 6, 216; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 52. Limo-
dorum imbricatum, Sw. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. 87; Pers. Syn.
Pl. ii. 521. Angrecum distichum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1835, t. 1781 ;
Bot .Mag. t. 4145. Aéranthus distichus, Reich. f.,in Walp. Ann. vi. 901.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Sugar-Loaf Mountain, Barter ! near Wilber-
force, 250 ft., Johnston, 100! between Tawia and Herimankuna, Scott-Elliot, 4492 !
and without precise locality, Afzelius ! Loddiges! Smeathman ! Sturmont! Lagos,
Millen, 27! Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1362! Niger Delta: Brass, Barter, 1854!

un River, Mann, 523! Cameroons, Preuss, 434.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyaux, 118! Princes

Island, Barter, 1992! St. Thomas, at Angolares, 650 ft., Quintas, 11!

176 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [ Vanilla.

20. VANILLA, Sw. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 590.

Sepals subequal, free, more or less spreading. Petals similar to the
sepals or nearly so, Lip more or less adnate py its margins to the
column, forming a short or long tube, broadening upwards ; limb broad,
entire or trilobed, more or less reflexed, its face smooth, puberulous or
variously appendiculate ; disc usually bearing a retrorse crest of hairs or
fringed scale-like appendages. Column elongated and curved, footless,
auriculate on the sides of the stigma. Anther affixed to the margin of
the clinandrium, incumbent, subglobose, operculate ; cells distinct ; pol-
linia granulose. Stigma transverse, situated under the rostellum ;
rostellum broad, membranous, with hinge-like base. Capsule linear or
oblong, fleshy, tardily dehiscent ; seeds subglobose, black and shining.—
Tall, climbing, branched herbs, leafy or the leaves reduced to sheaths.
Stems fleshy, bearing adventitious roots at the nodes. Leaves coriaceous
or fleshy, sessile or shortly petiolate. Racemes usually axillary, sub-
sessile or pedunculate. Flowers large and fugacious. Bracts ovate or
oblong, often small.—Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 439.

A genus of about 50 species, widely diffused through the forest region of the
tropics, most numerous in Tropical America, with eleven Asiatic representatives, and
three Mascarene ones, beside the following nine which come within our limits.

Stems leafy.
Tube formed by the union of the lip and column about
as broad as long.
Leaves broadly lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate.
Column with upper third free from the lip.
Leaves 2-5 in. long; front lobe of lip trian-

gular . : : ; i : . L F. africana.
Leaves 6-7 in. long ; front lobe of lip broadly
oblong . ` : 2. V. acuminata.

Column with upper two-thirds free from the lip . 3. V. cucullata.
Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong.
Front lobe of lip narrow in front and acute;
inflorescence often branched . . . 4, V. ramosa.
Front lobe of lip subobtuse; inflorescence un-
branched.
Sepals 10-11 lin. long, two-thirds as long as
the pedicels . : : . . 5. V. crenulata.
Sepals 7-8 lin, long, half as long as the
icels : À : : $ . 6. V. ovalifolia.
Tube formed by the union of the lip and column much
longer than broad.

Leaves oblong . 3 Sg : > - . 7. V, imperialis.
Leaves broadly elliptic-ovate or suborbicular . 8. V. grandifolia.
Stems leafless . : S : : : - . 9. V. Roscheri.

1, V. africana, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 137. Stem slender,
high climbing. Leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 2-5 1n.
long, 4-14 in. broad. Raceme 3 in. long. Bracts ovate, acute, 14 lin-
long. Sepals and petals not seen. Lip trilobed, 8 lin. long; side
lobes roundish-oblong, obtuse, denticulate; front lobe deltoid-ovate,
acute; disc with a retrorse hairy crest in the centre, extending as 3

Vanilla. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 177

papillose keel to the base of the lip. Column 4 lin. long.—Kriinzl. in
Mittheil. Deutsch. Schutzg. ii. (1889) 161; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc.
xxxii. 455.

Upper Guinea. Without locality, cultivated specimens, Loddiges! Niger
Delta: Brass, Barter, 47! Great Batanga, Braun, 17 (ex Kranzlin).

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Mount John, Kongui River, Mann, 1881!

Originally described from a specimen which flowered with Messrs, Loddiges.
Unfortunately the sepals and petals are not described by Lindley, nor are they present.
on any of the specimens, though Lindley has carefully preserved and drawn the other
parts of the flower.

2. V. acuminata, Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 456. Stem
rather slender. Leaves petiolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
6-7 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; petioles 2 lin. long. Racemes 1 in. long.
Bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 14-4 lin. long. Sepals 10-12 lin.
long; dorsal lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. broad; lateral lanceolate-oblong,
acute, 4 lin. broad. Petals falcate-lanceolate, acute, 9-10 lin. long,
2} lin, broad. Lip deeply trilobed, 7-8 lin. long ; side lobes roundish-
oblong, obtuse; front lobe oblong, obtuse or apiculate; disc with a
small central crest composed of a few retrorse scales. Column clavate,
6-7 lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Province of Munda, frequent in woods, but seldom
flowers, Soyaux, 134 !

Larger altogether than the preceding, with the lip differently shaped, and the
crest reduced to a few scaly appendages.

3. V. cucullata, Kränzl. in Mittheil. Deutsch. Schutzg. ii. (1889),
161. Leaves oblong, acuminate, obliquely cordate at the base, shortly
petiolate, 4-6 in. long, 1}-2} in. broad. Rhachis of raceme rather
stout, rarely branched at the base. Bracts squamiform, triangular.

owers 1 in. long. Lateral sepals ovate, slightly oblique; dorsal
oblong, rather shorter than the lateral. Petals very similar to the
sepals, Lip ovate, nearly triangular, acute; disc with two linear
lamelle, one behind the other, hyaline and fimbriate at the apex,
reflexed and appressed to the limb. Column curved, the basal third
_ united to the lip.—Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii, 456.

Upper Guinea. South Cameroons, Braun, 4.

Only known to me from the original description, but apparently allied to the pre-
ceding. The lip is less united to the column, and apparently different in shape.

4. V. ramosa, Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 457. Stem rather
slender. Leaves petiolate, oblong or elliptic-oblong, shortly acuminate
and subobtuse, 4-6 in. long. 1-2} in. broad; petioles }—3 in. long.

cemes 14-2 in. long, often somewhat branched at the base. Bracts
ovate, subobtuse, 1-2 lin. long. Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate,
subacute, subequal, 10-12 lin. long. Lip deeply trilobed, 7-8 lin. long ;
side lobes broader than long; front lobe oblong, subacute, margin
crenulate, reflexed, plicate ; crest composed of several scales, Column

VOL, VII N

178 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Vanilla.

clavate, 7~8 lin. long. Capsule not seen.— Vanilla sp., Lindl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. vi. 137.

Upper Guinea. Western Lagos, Rowland ! Niger Territory, Angiama, Barter,
20134!

5. V. crenulata, Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 477. Stem
rather slender; internodes 2-3 in. long. Leaves petiolate, elliptic-
oblong, abruptly acuminate, 2—5 in. long, 14—24 in. broad ; petioles 3-6
lin. long. Racemes 1-1} in. long, not branched. Bracts broadly
triangular-ovate, subobtuse, concave, 1-3 lin. long. Flowers purple
and white. Sepals 11-13 lin. long, 4—44 lin. broad; dorsal lanceo-
late-oblong, subobtuse, concave; lateral elliptic-oblong, obtuse, cari-
nate. Petals falcate-oblong, subobtuse, 11 lin. long, 34 lin. broad.
Lip trilobed, 6 lin. long; side lobes oblong, adnate to the sides of the
column, free margin reflexed and crenulate ; front lobe triangular-ovate,
subobtuse, sides conduplicately reflexed and crenulate; crest composed
of few scales. Column incurved, 9-10 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: between Bumban and Lokko, Scott-Elliot,
5733! Ashanti: near Assin-yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 4!

Distinguished from the preceding by the broader crenulate lip and other
characters.

6. V. ovalifolia, Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 457. Stem
slender. Leaves petiolate, broadly elliptical, abruptly narrowed to the
subobtuse apex, 3-34 in. long, 13-2 in. broad ; petioles 4—6 lin. long.
Racemes 14-2 in. long, not branched at the base ; rhachis slightly com-
pressed. Bracts triangular-ovate, subacute, 1 lin. long. Pedicels
13-1} in. long. Sepals and petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, rather
unequal, 8-9 lin. long. Lip deeply trilobed, 7-8 lin. long; side lobes
roundish-oblong, obtuse ; front lobe oblong, obtuse, crenulate; middle
nerve thickened; crest composed of many broad scales. Column
clavate, 6-7 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar, Thomson, 132!

7. V. imperialis, Kränzl. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, 1896, 155,
t.1. Stem very thick, 14 lin. broad. Upper leaves oblong, apiculate,
6 in. long, 3} in. broad. Racemes short and compact. Bracts broadly
ovate, cymbiform, acute, 10-12 lin. long. Pedicels stout, 3—4 in. long.
Sepals and petals lanceolate, acute, 3~3} in. long, 8-9 lin. broad, pale
yellow. Lip subentire, convolute, 3-3} in. long; lower part of the
tube narrow; side lobes obsolete, broadly expanded in front, broader
than long, white below, deep purple above, with white spots; margin
crenulate, undulate; crest central, composed of numerous retrorse hairs,
with a broad row of similar hairs on the front lobe of the lip, and
another row of much smaller ones extending to the base of the lip.
Column stout, 1} in. long.—Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 478.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, near Ungomessam, 2600-2900 ft.»
Zenker and Staudt, 626.

Most closely allied to the following species.

Vanilla. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 179

8. V. grandifolia, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 138. Leaves
petiolate, broadly elliptic-ovate or suborbicular, suddenly narrowed
near the obtuse apex, 6-8 in. long, 4-5 in. broad. Racemes 4 in. long.
Bracts ovate-oblong, obtuse, 6 lin. long. Pedicels 24 in. long. Sepals
and petals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 2} in. long. Lip subentire? un-
dulate, 2 in. long; nerves of the disc thickened above; crest composed
of numerous capillary appendages. Column 1} in. long ; rostellum 5 lin.
long. Capsule elongate, rather stout, 6-10 in. long.—Rolfe in Journ.
Linn. Soc, xxxii. 458.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1981! Monteiro! Henriques !

A very distinct species. The lip of the only flower seen is somewhat broken in
front, so that its exact shape cannot be made out.

9. V. Roscheri, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 65. Stem stout, leaf-
less. Racemes peduncled, many-flowered. Pedicels 14 "mn. Jong, Bracts
triangular, acute, very small. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse,
3-3¢ in. long. Petals elliptic-oblong, 3-3} in. long, rather broader
than the sepals. Lip entire, broad, obtuse or apiculate, undulate,
24-23 in. long; disc with two puberulous lines extending from the
middle to the base. Column clavate, 1 in. long. Capsule elongate-
linear, 6-7 in. long.—Rolfe, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 475.

Mozamb Dist. Zanzibar, Roscher, Kirk!

The following may also belong to this species: Mombasa, Wakefield (a drawing)!
between Kilimanjaro and the coast, frequent among trees on the margins of maritime
creeks, Johnston ! Giryama and Shimba Mts., near Mombasa, Taylor ! and Samburu,
Scott-Elliot ! but the materials are hardly sufficient for certain determination,

Remarkable for its leafless habit, and large white flowers.

V. sp., Kränzl, in Mittheil. Deutsch. Schutzg. ii. (1889), 161, from Batanga,
near Kribi, is a barren specimen which I have not seen, but may belong to one of the
preceding species,

21. CORYMBIS, Thou.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 591.

Sepals and petals narrow and approximate below, somewhat dilated
and spreading above. Lip erect from the base, linear, channelled,
dilated at the apex into a short recurved limb. Column elongated,
erect, terete, clavate at the apex, terminating in two erect lobes or
auricles ; clinandrium short. Anther erect, narrow, acuminate, about
as long as the column ; cells contiguous; pollinia granular, affixed to a
subulate stipes, with a peltate gland, descending behind the rostellum.
Stigma broad, often thickened at the lower margin; rostellum erect,
acuminate, bifid after the removal of the pollinia. Capsule linear,
subterete, crowned with the column and the remains of the persistent
perianth.—Tall, erect, terrestrial herbs, with leafy, sometimes branched
stems, and numerous fibrous roots. Leaves large, elliptic-lanceolate,
acute, plicate-veined, sessile or petiolate, enlarged at the base into an
amplexicaul sheath. Flowers large or medium-sized, loosely arranged
in short, subcorymbose, axillary or terminal panicles or racemes.
Bracts small, ovate.

180 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). | Corymbis.

A genus of about 15 species, widely dispersed through the tropics.

Western species : ; : A í : . 1. C. Welwitschii.
Eastern species - ; : : . 2. C. corymbosa.

1. C. Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 183. Stems 3—6 ft.
high. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate or broadly elliptical, . acuminate,
7-12 in. long, 14-3} in. broad. Panicles axillary and terminal, shortly
pedunculate. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 5-9 lin. long.
Flowers greenish-white. Sepals and petals narrowly elongate-linear,
narrowly lanceolate near the apex, 24 in. long. Lip similar to the
sepals, but the apical part of the limb is ovate and about four times as
broad. Column 13 in. long. Capsule linear-oblong, 1 in. long.—Rolfe
in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 141; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 56.
Corymbis disticha, Lindl. Fol. Orch. Corymbis, 1, in part; Journ. Linn.
Soc. vi. 138, in part. Corymbis corymbosa, Durand & Schinz, l.c. 56,
in part. Corymborchis Welwitschii, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 658.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, cultivated specimen, Gower! Fernando Po,
Barter, 1478! Mann, 430!

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas: 1000 ft., Quintas, 27! Don. Angola: Golungo
Alto A EE in dense shade, Welwitsch, 667! Cazengo; Mt. Muxaula, Wel-
witsch, !

This species was confused by Lindley with others from India, Malaya, Polynesia,
and Madagascar.

2, C. corymbosa, Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. tt. 37-38. Stem 2-3 ft.
high. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 7-9 in. long, 14—24 in.
broad. Cymes or panicles axillary, shortly pedunculate. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Flowers large, white. Capsule
linear-oblong, 9-10 lin. long; column persistent, 2 in. long.—Ridl. in
Journ, Linn. Soc. xxi. 498; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 55,
in part; Krinzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost.-Afr. ©. 154. Corymbis disticha,
Lindl. Fol. Orch. Corymbis, 1, in part. Corymbis Thouarsii, Reichb.
f. in Bot. Zeit. 1849, 868. Corymborchis Thouarsii, Blume, Coll. Orch.
Archip. Ind, 126, t. 44, fig. 1.
aaron Dist. German East Africa: Usagara; Kisara, in forests, Holst,

Also found in Madagascar, if the African plant is identical, as determined by
Krinzlin, The Kew specimen is without flowers.

22. ZEUXINE, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 599.

Sepals subequal; dorsal erect, concave; lateral spreading, free.
Petals narrow, often cohering with the dorsal sepal into a galea. Lip
very shortly adnate to the base of the column, erect, concave or sub-
saccate at the base, but not protruded beyond the lateral sepals; with
or without a pair of calli inside, more or less contracted in the middle,
dilated at the apex into a small entire, or larger bilobed, spreading
limb. Column very short; clinandrium short, continuous with the
margin of the rostellum. Anther erect or inclined in front, oblong,
shortly apiculate ` cells contiguous with the outer valves, broad ; pollinia

Zeuxine. | CXXXII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). 181

granular, affixed to a linear or cuneate stipes with a broad, rounded
gland, descending behind the rostellum. Stigmas 2, lateral; rostellum
erect, short and broad or minute. Capsule small, erect, ovoid or sub-
globose.—Slender or dwarf terrestrial herbs, with short creeping
rhizomes, and ascending or erect, simple stems. Leaves sessile on the
broad sheath, and linear, or petiolate with an ovate or lanceolate limb,
often membranous. Flowers small, numerous, arranged in dense or
slender spikes. Bracts membranous, mostly shorter than.the flowers.

A genus of about 20 species, mostly Indian and Malayan, with four Tropicai and
one South African representatives.

Leaves linear . ; 4 : : i . 1. Z. africana.
Leaves ovate or elliptical.
Flowers 14 lin. long : : : ‘ . 2, Z. elongata.

Flowers 3-34 lin. long.
Lip trifid in front : : i 2 S E tetraptera,
Lip divaricately bilobed : e < : . 4. Z. Batesii.

1l. Z. africana, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867,103. Plant very slender,
about 9 in. high, with a few sheaths at the base. Leaves about 8, linear,
acute, short. Racemes few-flowered, cylindrical, congested. Bracts
linear, acuminate, longer than the flowers. Flowers greenish-white.
Dorsal sepal cucullate; lateral ligulate, subacute. Petals oblong,
acute, hyaline, forming a galea with the dorsal sepal. Lip unguiculate ;
base hastate-triangular; apex linear-ligulate, obtuse. Column with a
pair of ligulate, retuse arms at the base.

Lower Guinea. Angola; Golungo Alto; Cuango Rivulet, among grasses, very
rare, Welwitsch, 669 !

2. Z. elongata, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 142. Plant 1-1} ft.
high; stem creeping at the base. Leaves several, ovate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, petiolate; limb 14-2 in. long, 8-10 lin. broad; petiole } in.
long, with a membranous sheath at the base. Scapes 8-10 in. long,
puberulous ; spikes 5 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts narrowly lan-
ceolate, setaceous acuminate, 2-24 lin. long. Flowers 1} lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 1 lin. long; lateral elliptic-oblong, obtuse,
free. Petals linear, subobtuse, cohering at the base with the dorsal
Sepal into a hood, free at the apex. Lip as long as the sepals; base
contracted into a concave, linear claw; limb reniform-ovate, entire,
2 lin. diam.; calli 2, minute, erect, at the base of the concave claw.
Column short; arms straight.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Talla district ; Lomaburn, Scott-Elliot, 5020!

Lower Guinea, Princes Island, Quintas, 12!

3. Z. tetraptera, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr.v.57. Plant
1 ft. high ; stem creeping at the base. Leaves shortly petiolate ; limb
broadly elliptical or ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, 14-2} in. long,
7-1} in. broad ; petioles 2-3 lin. long. Scapes 6-7 in. long; racemes
» hispidulous-pubescent. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4-5 lin. long.
Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 34 lin. long. Petals linear. Lip ligulate,

182 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Zeuxine.

channelled, trifid in front; side lobes obtriangular, slightly erose and
crenulate at the sides; front lobe with a very minute apiculus. Column
short. Arms of the rostellum narrowly obtriangular.—Monochilus
tetrapterus, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 110.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1701!

The flowers are in such bad condition that I have had to rely almost entirely upon
Reichenbach’s description.

4, Z. Batesii, Rolfe. Plant about 1 ft. high; stem with a long
creeping base. Leaves shortly petiolate, broadly elliptical or obovate-
elliptical, shortly acuminate, 24-2? in. long, 12-16 lin. broad; petioles
ł in. long. Scapes 6-8 in. long; racemes many-flowered, pubescent.
Bracts narrowly lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, 4—6 lin. long. Pedicels
3 lin. long. Flowers white. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse; lateral
34 lin. long; dorsal rather smaller than the lateral. Petals filiform,
34 lin. long, cohering with the margins of the dorsal sepal. Lip ungui-
culate, divaricately bilobed ; claw 2 lin. long, broader and very concave
below ; lobes obovate-oblong, very obtuse or crenulate, 2 lin. long, with
a narrowed base; calli 2, linear, near the base of the lip. Column
short; arms subspathulate-linear, 1-14 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 299!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon : Como River, Bates, 463!

23. CHEIROSTYLIS, Blume; Benth. et Hook, f. Gen. PI. iii. 600.

Sepals membranous, united to the middle into a tube, or rarely free,
equal or the lateral extended into a short chin. Petals adnate to
the dorsal sepal, sometimes scarcely distinguishable from it. Lip erect
from the base of the column, narrow, channelled, with two calli at the
base inside; apex dilated into a bilobed, often fimbriate limb. Column
short, extended at the apex into two narrow erect arms or appendages,
as long as the rostellum; clinandrium short, continuous at the base
with the arms of the column and margin of the rostellum. Anther
erect, acuminate; cells shortly separated at the base; pollinia sectile,
affixed to a linear-cuneate, flat stipes with an oblong gland, descending
behind the rostellum. Stigmas 2, lateral; rostellum erect, acuminate,
bifid after the removal of the pollinia. Capsule obovoid or oblong.—
Small terrestrial herbs, often very slender, with creeping rhizomes, an
simple, ascending or erect, leafy stems. Leaves petiolate, ovate Or
lanceolate, membranous. Flowers small or medium-sized, shortly pedi-
cellate, arranged in loose spikes or racemes. Bracts small.

A genus of about 12 species, mostly Indian and Malayan, with two Chinese repre
sentatives, beside the two following ones.

Sepals united into a tube. Leaves broadly ovate . . 1. C. lepida.
Lateral sepals free. Leaves ovate-oblong . e . 2. C. heterosepala,

1. C. lepida, Rolfe. Plant 6-9 in. high; stem creeping. Leaves
numerous, petiolate; limb broadly ovate, shortly acuminate, 3-1 in.
long; petioles 4-7 lin. long, with a large lax sheath at the base. Scapes

Cheirostylis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 183

4—6 in. long, pubescent; racemes congested or subcapitate, 4—1 in. long.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 24-34 lin. long. Flowers white. Sepals
and petals united below into a short tube, 3 lin. long, sparingly pilose ;
apex of the segments free, ovate-triangular, subobtuse, 3 lin. long.
Lip 2 lin. long, with a subsaccate claw; limb divaricately bilobed, 14 lin.
long ; lobes quadrate, crenate ; claw with a pair of linear calli at the
base. Column very short; arms linear-falcate, nearly as long as the
column.—Monochilus lepidus, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 110.
. Zeuxine lepida, Benth. ex Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 142; Durand &
Schinz, Conspect. PL Afr. 57.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Sugar-loaf Mountain, on rocks near the top.
very common, Scott-Elliot, 4027 ! Cameroon Mountains, 3000 ft., Mann, 2130!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: 2900 ft., Quintas, 2!

This has the sepals connate into a tute and other characters of Cheirostylis, to
which genus it must be referred.

2. C. heterosepala, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 110. Plant
4-6 in. high; stems creeping at the base. Leaves several, petiolate,
ovate or ovate-oblong, subacute, 4—14 in. long, 4—4 lin. broad; petioles
5-6 lin. long, broadly sheathed at the base. Scapes 1-2 in. long,
pubescent ; racemes short, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Dorsal sepal cohering
with the petals into an ovate-orbicular, obtuse galea, 2 lin. long; lateral
obovate, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Lip 14 lin. long, with a broad, saccate
base, partly adnate to the column, and 2 diverging, orbicular lobes at
the apex, 1 lin. broad. Column short; arms of the rostellum linear,
obtuse, slightly curved; calli 2, linear-clavate at the base of the sac.—
Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 142.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 3000 ft., Wann, 2130, partly !

Lower Guinea, Island of St. Thomas, 2800 ft., Quintas, 3!

The lateral sepals are free to the base, which is unusual, but it agrees with the
genus in every other respect.

24. HET ARIA, Blume; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 603.

Sepals free or shortly united at the base, connivent or ultimately
Spreading, equal or the lateral a little broader. Petals narrow or
broader at the base, often adhering to the dorsal sepal. Lip usually
superior, erect from the base of the column, broadly ventricose at the
base, with the margin often more or less adnate to the column, villous
or with 2 calli inside; limb entire or divaricately bilobed. Column
short, often with a pair of small crests or appendages beneath the stigma ;
clinandrium short. Anther erect behind the rostellum, or somewhat
inclined in front; cells distinct ; pollinia sectile, attached to a slender
stipes with a small oblong gland, descending behind the rostellum.
Stigmas 2, lateral; rostellum erect, linear, bifid after the removal of
the pollinia. Capsule erect, ovoid or oblong.—Terrestrial herbs, with
creeping rhizomes, and ascending or erect, simple, leafy stems. Leaves

184 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEA (ROLFE). [Hetæria.

petiolate, ovate or lanceolate, membranous. Flowers small, shortly
pedicellate, arranged in lax racemes. Bracts small.

A genus of abont 15 species, ranging from India to Australia, with a single Tropical
African representative.

1. H. Mannii, Benth. ex Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 57.
Plant about 14 ft. high; stem creeping at the base, with stout roots.
Leaves petiolate; limb elliptical or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate.
21—4 in. long, 3-1} in. broad; petioles 1-1} in. long, expanded at the
base into a large, ovate-oblong sheath. Scapes 6-9 in. long; racemes
puberulous, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, very acuminate, 3—5 lin.
long. Pedicels 4 lin. long, pubescent. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 14 lin. long; lateral broadly ovate, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals
linear, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Lip superior, 14 lin. long, broadly saccate
at the base; apex divided into 2, recurved, oblong, obtuse, slightly
velvety lobes, ? lin. long ; sac with a narrow, longitudinal keel, and a
pair of small, rounded calli near the base. Column stout, somewhat
gibbous in front. Stigmas lateral— Ramphidia Manmnii, Reichb. f. Otia
Bot. Hamb. ii. 109.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon River, Mann, 2131!

25. PLATYLEPIS, A. Rich., Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 604.

Sepals subequal, narrow, free, connivent round the column; lateral
united at the base into a very short chin. Petals narrow, slightly
cohering with the dorsal sepal into a hood. Lip sessile at the base of
the column, erect, channelled, broadly ventricose at the base, cohering
with the margins of the column; limb very little dilated, shorter than
the sepals. Column elongated, subterete; clinandrium oblong, erect
behind the rostellum. Anther erect, acuminate, as long as the rostellum ;
cells distinct ; pollinia sectile or granular, adhering to the lobes of the
rostellum. Stigma broad, papillose; rostellum erect, bilobed, with
lanceolate, acuminate lobes. Capsules oblong, shortly contracted at the
apex.—Terrestrial herbs, with creeping rhizomes, and ascending leafy
stems. Leaves petiolate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, membranous.
Flowers narrow, shortly pedicelled, arranged in dense spikes. Bracts
ovate.

A genus of 4 species, natives of the Mascarene Islands, with the following exception.

1. P. glandulosa, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 62. Plant 1-1} ft.
high; stem creeping at the base. Leaves many, petiolate ; limb
elliptic-ovate, shortly acuminate, 2-34 in. long, 1-2 in. broad ; petioles
14-1} in. long, broader and sheathing at the base. Scapes 6-10 in.
long; racemes dense, many-flowered, 14-5 in. long. Bracts broadly
ovate, concave, acute, glandular-villous, 24-34 lin. long. Flowers sub-
glabrous, brownish or greenish-yellow. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal erect, ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 3—34 lin. long ; lateral
oblong, apiculate, reflexed, 3-34 lin. long. Petals subspathulate,
narrower than the dorsal sepal, and united with it into a hood. Lip

Platylepis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 185

24-3 lin. long, with a bigibbous, saccate base, and an oblong, cucullate
limb, adnate to the column for 2 its length, acute and recurved at the
apex; calli 2, orbicular, in the basal sac of the lip. Column 24-8 lin.
long, clavate.—Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 187; Rolfe in Bolet.
Soc. Brot. ix. 142; Bolus Ic. Orch. Aust.-Afr. i, t. 11. Motiophrys
glandulosa, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vi. 138. P. angolensis, Durand
& Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 58. Diplogastra angolensis, Welw. ex
Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 183.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, 2000 ft., Mann, 1481!

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1952! Quintas, 13! Angola: Golungo
Alto; River Delamboa, among palms, Welwitsch, 672!

found in Natal, if the Southern plant is really identical, as is generally sup-
posed, :

26. MANNIELLA, Reichb. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
DL iii. 605.

Sepals and petals united nearly to the apex into a cylindrical tube,
broader and somewhat galeate at the free apex. Lip with a slender,
partially adnate claw, papillose above; limb broad, concave, not longer
than the sepals; margin extended on either side of the base into a
linear-clavate appendage, parallel to the claw. Column elongated, adnate
to the perianth-tube, free for a short distance above, with a pair of:
broad, serrulate, erect, terminal lobes or wings. Anther subsessile
between the column wings, broad, concave, erect or somewhat incum-
bent; cells distinct; pollinia loosely granular. Stigma anticous; ros-
tellum short, broad, emarginate. Capsule oblong, erect.—A rather tall,
terrestrial plant, with a short, simple stem, and stout, fleshy roots.
Leaves radical, long petiolate, ovate; membranous. Flowers small,
arranged in a slender spike. Bracts small and narrow.

A remarkable West Tropical African monotype.

_ 1. M. Gustavi, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 109. Plant 2-2} ft.
high. Leaves 4—5, radical, long petiolate, tufted ; limb broadly ovate,
shortly acuminate, 2-43 in. long, 1-2} in. broad ; petioles 2-6 in. long,
sheathing below. Scapes 2-2} ft. long; racemes elongate, 6-12 in.
long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long.
Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Perianth-tube slender, 2 lin. long; limb of the
dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long; lateral ovate, obtuse,
recurved or revolute, 1 lin. long. Limb of the petals ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 1} lin. long. Limb of the lip fleshy, broadly rounded or some-
what bilobed, 1 lin. long; base sagittately produced into a pair of
linear-clavate, recurved, fleshy processes, } lin. long. Column united
to the perianth-tube nearly to its apex ; free part clavate, 1 lin. long ;
apex with a pair of short, obovate wings; rostellum similar to but
broader than the column.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 4000 ft., Mann, 1336!
Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: 3000 ft., Mann, 1097! San Pedro,
3300 ft., Moller and Quintas! Angra de S. João, in Angolares, 300 ft., Quintas, 92!

186 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Pogonia.

27. POGONTA, Juss. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 615.

Sepals subequal, free, erect or rarely spreading. Petals similar to
the sepals, or often broader or shorter, erect or declinate. Lip erect
from the base of the column, free, without a spur, sessile or unguiculate,
entire or trilobed; side lobes sometimes enfolding the column ; disc
variously crested or lamellate. Column elongated, slightly clavate at
the apex, without wings; clinandrium more or less elevated, entire or
denticulate. Anther somewhat stipitate on the margin of the clinan-
drium, more or less incumbent, obtusely conical or subglobose, imper-
fectly 2-celled ; pollinia granular, 2, sometimes confluent into one, not
tailed, free or sessile on the rostellum. Stigma oblong or broad ;
rostellum short.—Terrestrial herbs. Rhizomes tuberiferous. Leaves 1
to few, very various in shape, often not appearing until after the
flowers. Flowers medium-sized or large, solitary or in erect or pen-
dulous racemes. Bracts often small.

A genus of about 60 species, widely dispersed through the tropics, with a few
temperate representatives in North and South America and Japan.

Side lobes of lip rounded, oblong or obscure, obtuse.

Scapes over 4 ft. high.

Flowers in racemes.

Column dilated above

Column not dilated above S
Flowers 1 or 2 at the summit of the scape.

.
_

. P. umbrosa.
P. viridiflava.

ba

Front lobe of lip broad and nearly flat . 3. P. shirensis. `

Front lobe of lip narrow and strongly reflexed . 4. P. Buchanant.

Scapes 2-3 in. high : . 5. P. Thouarsit.
Side lobes of lip triangular, acute . 6. P. Kotschyt.

1. P. umbrosa, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 102. Tuber ovoid-
globose. Leaf solitary, long petiolate; limb broadly ovate-reniform
or flabellate, repand or sinuate, more or less broadly apiculate or acute,
34-6 in. long, 23-7 in. broad ; petioles 14-8 in. long. Scapes 14-2} ft.
long; raceme 2-8 in. long, 3—12-flowered. Bracts linear or linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 4-1 in. long. Pedicels slender, 3-4 lin. long.
Flowers light green with a purple-veined white lip. Sepals lanceolate,
acute, or subacuminate, 10-13 lin. long. Petals similar to, but a little
shorter than, the sepals. Lip subtrilobed, 1 in. long, ł in. broad ; side
lobes broadly rounded ; front lobe ovate-triangular, acute; disc with a
pair of slightly thickened keels from the base to the middle, Column
slightly curved, a little thickened above, 4 lin. long ; filament of the
anther slender, 1 Ä Dn. iong. Capsule broadly elliptic-oblong, 6-7 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, near Falaba, Scott-Elliot, 5119! Niger Terri-
tory ` Nupe, among grass and low shrubs in shady places, Barter, 1540! f

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Mann, 1149! St. Thomas, 1300 ft., Quintas,
4! 5! 13! near Fazenda do Monte Caffe, Welwitsch, 739! Island of Rolas; on Mount
Greeff, Quintas, 63! Angola: Pungo Andongo; near the River Quilonga, in woods,
Welwitsch, 738!

Very near to the South African P. purpurata, Reich. f.

2. P. viridiflava, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 532. Allied to P.

Pogonia. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 187

renschiana, Reichb. f., and P. umbrosa, Reichb. f. Lip trilobed; front
lobe crisped, oblong, porrect ; keels 2, distant, extending the whole length
of the disc. Column broad, not dilated at the fovea——Durand &
Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 59 (“ viridiflora.”)

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 298,

I have not seen a specimen of this, but the differences pointed out by Reichenbach
between it and P. umbrosa are trifling.

3. P. shirensis, Rolfe. Scapes tall; apex 1—2-flowered; base not
seen. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3—1 in. long. Pedicels 6-8
lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 1}-14 in. long. Petals
similar to, but a little smaller than, the sepals. Lip broadly obovate,
trilobed, 14-14 in. long, and nearly as broad ; lobes broadly rounded ;
front one crenulate ; disc with 2 narrow, ciliolate keels from the base
to the middle. Column clavate, | in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, not plentiful,
Buchanan, 317!

4. P. Buchanani, Rolfe. Plant about 1 ft. high. Scapes bear-
ing about 3 loose, ovate, acute sheaths, and 2 large flowers at the
apex. Bracts linear-lanceolate, long acuminate, 9-13 lin. long.
Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 14-16 lin. long. Petals
Similar to, but a little shorter than, the sepals. Lip broadly obovate,
subtrilobed at the apex, 1 in. long, 8-9 lin. broad; side lobes obtuse ;
front lobe ovate-oblong, strongly reflexed, somewhat fleshy ; dise with
ag keels from the base to near the apex. Column clavate, } lin.
ong.

Mozamb. Dist, British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1342!

5. P. Thouarsii, Blume, Coll. Orch. Archip. Ind. 152, t. 59,
jig. 1. Plant 2-3 in. high. Leaves broadly cordate, subobtuse,
Somewhat repand, about 1} in. broad, with broad, obtuse, basal
angles. Scapes 2—3 in. high, slender, 1-flowered, with 1 or 2 narrow
basal sheaths. Bract narrow, sheath-like, subacute, 2—4 lin. long.
Pedicels 6—9 lin. long. Sepals and petals linear-lanceolate, acute,
5-6 lin, long. Lip broadly cuneate-oblong, truncate, or obscurely
trilobed at the apex and fimbriate, 5-6 lin. long, 24-8 lin. broad ;
dise with several crenulate diverging nerves. Column clavate,
3}—4 lin. long.—Arethusa simplex, Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. 24. Pogonia
sumplex, Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. ii. 92.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone ; without precise locality, Afzelius !

Also found in Mauritius, if the African specimens are identical, and I am unable to

Separate them from the plant figured by Thouars. Specimens, however, are wanting for
Comparison.

6. P. Kotschyi, Reichb. f. in Oestr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1864, 338.
owers racemose, greenish, with the lip white, nerved with violet-
purple. Sepals ligulate, acute. Petals slightly shorter than the
Sepals. Lip oblong-flabellate, trifid at the apex, smooth except for a
few papillz upon the three thickened median nerves; lobes triangular,

188 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Pogonia.

acute; front lobe longer and slightly broader than the side lobes.
Column clavate, obtuse-angled on either side of the apex.
Wile Land. Upper Senaar: near Fazokl, Cienkowsky, 236.

Only known to me from the original description, but said to be allied to
P. carinata, Lindl,

28. EPIPOGUM, Gmel.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 617.

Sepals subequal, free, narrow, erect or ultimately spreading. Petals
similar to the sepals. Lip sessile at the base of the column, ovate,
broadly concave at the base or extended in a sac or short obtuse
spur; side lobes auriculate or obsolete; front lobe spreading; disc
papillose. Column short, thickened at the apex; clinandrium short
or with a dilated. margin. Anther somewhat stipitate, incumbent, or
suberect, much thickened at the back, 2-celled; pollinia 2, granular,
often affixed bya pair of filiform stipites to a broad gland. Stigma
broad, somewhat distant from the short, broad rostellum. Capsule
ovoid, pendulous.—Leafless saprophytic herbs, with a nodose or some-
what tuberous rhizome. Scapes simple, with a few basal sheaths.
Flowers few, in a lax raceme, pedicelled, spreading or pendulous.
Bracts small.

A genus of 2 species, one sparingly dispersed in Europe and temperate Asia, the
other found in India, Java, Australia, and West Tropical Africa.

1. E. nutans, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, v. 36. Tuber ovoid or
oblong, }-14 in. long. Scapes 4—14 ft. long, with numerous broad,
loose sheaths, 3-9 in. long. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,
3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Flowers white, with purple
spots. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 3-4 lin. long. Petals similar to, but
a little shorter than, the sepals. Lip broadly ovate, concave, acute
or acuminate, crenulate, 4—5 lin. long; disc with a pair of verrucose
keels from the base to near the apex. Column stout, about 1 lin.
long.—Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. i. 177 ; vi. 137; Benth. Fl. Austral.
vi. 308; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 124. Galera nutans, Blume, Bijdr.
416, fig. 3; Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. 187. Blume, Coll. Orch.
Archip. Ind. 139, t. 52, fig. 3, t. 54, fig. E. Limodorum roseum,
Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. 30. Ceratopsis rosea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch.
384. Galera rosea, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. 188; Blume, Coll.
Orch. Archip. Ind. 139. Podanthera pallida, Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or.
v. 22, t. 1759. Hpipogum roseum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 177.
E. Guilfoylii, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 30; Benth. Fl. Austral. vi. 308.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Mann, 784!

Also found in North and South India, Ceylon, Java, and Australia.

29. EPIPACTIS, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 619.

Sepals free, spreading, subequal. Petals scarcely smaller than the
sepals. Lip sessile at the base of the column; basal part, or hypo
chile, broad and concave, rarely with a pair of staminodes at the
base; front part, or epichile, articulated to the lower part, usually

Epipactis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). 189

ovate or pandurate. Column short, flat or concave in front;
clinandrium short. Anther erect, ovate, slightly convex, 2-celled ;
pollinia powdery or granular, free or affixed to a small gland.
Stigma broad and prominent; rostellum broad. Capsule oblong,
spreading or pendulous.—Terrestrial herbs, with creeping rhizomes,
and simple, erect, leafy stems. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, plicate-
veined. Flowers medium-sized, green or purplish, shortly pedicelled,
drooping, arranged in a secund raceme. Bracts herbaceous, narrow ;
lower often longer than the flowers.

A genus of about 12 species, widely dispersed through the temperate and mountain
regions of the northern hemisphere, with the two following African representatives.

Sepals acuminate; hypochile with a pair of linear-oblong

staminodes at the base . è : : è . 1. E. africana.
Sepals subotuse; hypochile without staminodes . . 2. E. somaliensis.

1, E. africana, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 252. Plant 14-2 ft.
high, ferruginous-pubescent. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, amplexicaul, recurved, very strongly nerved; lower ones 3 in.
long, 1} in. broad, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Racemes more
or less elongate. Bracts leaf-like; the lower 1} in. long. Pedicels
3-1} lin. long. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acute, 6-7 lin. long; lateral
with a broadly ovate, oblique base, 3 lin. long, and a narrowly falcate-
acuminate apex, 5-6 lin. long. Petals ovate, acuminate, subfalcate,
6-7 lin. long. Lip 8 lin. long; hypochile narrowly oblong, concave,
4 lin. long ; epichile broadly ovate, acute, 44 lin. long; base of the lip
with a pair of free, linear-oblong, subobtuse, membranous, nerved,
staminodes, 34 lin. long. Column 24 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, Butagu, 8000-10,000 ft., among
heather, Scott-Elliot, 8005!

The staminodial appendages at the base of the lip are anomalous in the genus.

2. E. somaliensis, Rolfe. Plant 1-2 ft. high, fuscous-pubescent.
Leaves lanceolate or subovate-lanceolate, attenuate, sessile, suberect,
the largest 6 in. long, ł in. broad, decreasing into sheaths below and
bracts above. Racemes 5-12 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts leaf-like,
the lowest over 2 in. long, the upper } in. long. Pedicels 4-} in.
long. Flowers greenish-brown. Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse, 5-6 lin.
long ; lateral obliquely semiovate, 6-7 lin. long, 3 lin. broad. Petals
ovate, subobtuse, 5—6 lin. long. Lip 6 lin. long; hypochile narrowly
obovate-oblong, concave,‘ 24 lin. long; epichile pandurate-ovate, sub-
obtuse or apiculate, 4 lin. long, broad at the base, much narrower
above. Column 2 lin. long.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range, at Woob, in the river bed, Mis. Lort
Phillips! Miss E. Cole ! :

Allied to the preceding, but very different in the shape of the leaves, sepals and
Petals, and the details of the lip.

30. STENOGLOTTIS, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 622.

Sepals free, subequal, ultimately spreading. Petals somewhat
narrower than the sepals, and suberect. Lip continuous with the base

190 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Stenoglottis.

of the column, cuneate-oblong, without a spur, 3-5-fid at the apex.
Column very short and broad; clinandrium broad and erect, thickened
at the margin. Anther cells parallel; pollinia granular, affixed by a
short stipes to a small, oblong gland ; staminodes lateral, oblong, tuber-
culate or glandular at the apex. Stigmatic processes 2, clavate or
capitate, short ; rostellum broad and minute. Capsule oblong, erect.—
Terrestrial herbs, with short stems, and tuberiferous or thickened,
fleshy, fasciculate roots. Leaves radical, numerous, rosulate or tufted.
Flowers small, shortly pedicellate, arranged in loose somewhat one-sided
racemes. Bracts small.
A genus of 3 species, the remaining 2 being extra-tropical South African.

1. S. zambesiaca, Rolfe. Plant 6-15 in. high. Leaves 7-12,
radical, tufted, lanceolate, acute, narrowed and almost petiolate above
the sheathing base, 24—54 in. long. Scapes 6-15 in. long; racemes
elongate, laxly many-flowered, subsecund, 23-6 in. long. Bracts lan-
ceolate, acuminate, 14-5 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Sepals
ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals suborbicular-oblong, as long
as but rather broader than the sepals. Lip 34 lin. long, cuneate-linear,
apical third trilobed; side lobes oblong, obtuse; front lobe linear,
obtuse, 1 lin. long, much narrower and slightly shorter than the side
lobes. Column stout, 4 lin long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 385!

Has the habit of the Natal S. longifolia, Hook. f., but is markedly different in its
trilobed lip. From S. fimbriata, Lindl., it differs in the shape of the leaves, and in
various other details, Cultivated specimens introduced by Mr. Buchanan flowered in
the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, in 1881.

31. HOLOTHRIX, Rich. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 623.

Sepals subequal, connivent, herbaceous, sometimes hairy. Petals
longer than the sepals, narrow, entire or variously divided at the apex.
Lip adnate to the base of the column, erect or spreading, concave or
involute at the sides, divided into from three to many segments at the
apex, produced at the base into a straight or curved spur. Column
very short, usually auricled at the sides of the stigma; clinandrium
erect, broad, concave or almost cucullate ; connective of the anther not
distinct from the clinandrium ; cells ovoid, adnate, distinct, included ;
pollinia coarsely-granular, with very short caudicles, terminating in 3
small naked gland; stigma bipartite. Capsule ovoid or oblong.—
Terrestrial herbs, with one or two, sessile, ovate or orbicular-reniform,
radical leaves. Scapes slender, usually hairy and without sheaths.
Flowers small, in slender, usually secund spikes.

A genus of about 40 species, most numerous in extra-tropical South Africa, with
two representatives in Madagascar and one in the Comoro Islands.

Petals and lip shortly lobed or entire.
Petals and lip less than 4 lin. long.
Lip entire.
Lip subspathulate, subacute : . L H. puberula.
Lip cuneate-oblong, obtuse S S ` . 2. H. brongniartiana.

Holothriz:. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 191

Lip tridentate or trilobed.
Spur more or less conical.

Petals thickened and fleshy . 3. H. Richardii.
Petals caudate-acuminate 4. H. vatkeana.
Spur filiform 5. H. Usambare.
Lip five-lobed 6. H. arachnoidea.
Lip seven-lobed.
Petals twice as long as the sepals 7. H. Nyassa,
Sepals and petals subequal,
Sepals tridentate 8. H. tridentata.
Sepals acute : ; ; . 9. H. platydactyla.
Lip with about 12 linear segments . 10. H. pleistodactyla.
Petals and lip $ inch long : : : d . 11. H. Johnstoni.
Petals and lip divided above into long filiform segments.
Petals and lip 1}—14 in. long.
Spur very strongly recurved . : - . 12. H. longiflora.
Spur slightly recurved. : : : . 13. H. Meduse.
Petals and lip scarcely 3 in. long . : - . 14. H. Lastii.

1. D. puberula, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 278. Plant about
tin. high. Leaves 2, radical, ovate-orbicular, subacute, 9-10 lin. long,
13-14 lin. broad. Scapes about 4 in. long, puberulous, without sheaths ;
racemes subsecund, lax, 1} in. long, about 10-flowered. Bracts ovate,
acuminate or aristate, carinate, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long.
Sepals ovate-triangular, acuminate, 14 lin. long. Petals triangular-
lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long. Lip subspathulate, subacute or
apiculate, entire, 34 lin. long, 14 lin. broad ; spur slender, recurved,
1} lin. long. Column stout, 4—3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6000 ft., Johnston ! Ukam-
bane, Masai Highlands, 5000-6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6486 !

2. H. brongniartiana, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 107.
Leaves 2, broadly ovate, subacute, radical and appressed to the soil,
glabrous. Pedicels slender, 2 in. long, retrorsely pilose ; spike some-
what one-sided. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, nearly equal to the
pedicelled ovary, whiċh is hispid below. Sepals oblong, apiculate, very
slightly velvety or almost smooth outside. Petals ovate, falcate,
aristate. Lip cuneate-oblong, obtuse; apex very entire or few-toothed ;
spur slender, half as long as the ovary.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; Agrina, on mountains, 6000-7000 ft., Schimper,
651, also at Debra Erki, near Woina, 7000 ft., rare, Schimper, 651, Begemeder; on
mountains, 7500 ft., Schimper, 1329!

3. H. Richardii, Rolfe. Plant 5-6 in. high. Leaves 2, radical,
subopposite, ovate, subacute, delicately membranous, reticulate-veined,
long pilose, 3-1} in. long, }-1}in. broad. Scapes 5—6 in. high, retrorsely
pilose. Spikes short, subspiral, few-flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 1}-1} lin. long. Pedicels 1 lin. long,
pilose. Sepals ovate, subacute or obtuse, $ lin. long. Petals ovate-
lanceolate, thickened and fleshy above, subobtuse, 1-1} lin. long. Lip
cuneate-oblong ; base concave; apex tricuspidate with narrow, equal

192 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). | Holothrix.

segments; spur narrowly subconical, subobtuse, membranous, 1}-1}
lin. long. Column very short and stout.—Peristylus arachnoideus, A.
Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 267; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.
289; Reichb. f.in Walp. Ann. iii. 583. Holothria arachnoidea, Durand
& Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 69, in part. Platanthera arachnoidea,
Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 179.

Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper, 504!

4, H. vatkeana, Reichb. f. in Journ. Bot. 1876, 346. Plant over
1 ft. high, slender. Leaves, peduncle, bracts, and ovary pilose; flowers
glabrous. Tubers ovoid-oblong. Leaves 2, radical, spreading, ovate or
ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 1—14 in. long, 8 lin. broad. Scapes
over 1 ft. long, sparsely pilose. Racemes 3 in. long, lax, many-flowered ;
flowers subsecund. Bracts triangular-lanceolate, acute, 14 lin. long.
Pedicels 14 lin. long. Sepals triangular, acute, 3 lin. long. Petals
lanceolate, 2 lin. long; apex caudate-acuminate. Lip 14 lin. long,
trifid to the middle; lobes linear, subacute; spur conical-oblong,
incurved at the apex, scarcely } lin. long.—Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb.
ii. 72. Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 87, 112. €

Wile Land. Eritrea: Ambelaco, near Maldi, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth, 159 ; Plateau,
of Kohaito, 8400 ft., Schweinfurth, 160 ; Asmara, 8100 ft., Schweinfurth, 548; Geleb,
on the River Sabber, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth, 1536; Peak of Alamkale Mountain,

5900 ft., Schweinfurth, 1629. Somaliland; Serrut Mountains at Meid, on limestone,
1800, Hildebrandt, 1465!

Also found in Arabia.

5, H. Usambare, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 248. Leaves 2,
subopposite, or rarely 3, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate.
Scapes about 9 in. long, naked below, sparsely pilose above with glandu-
liferous hairs, and two or three minute sheaths; spikes secund, 6-20-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, one-third as long as the ovary.
Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, cucullate, acute ; lateral semioblong, with
arching nerves, acute. Petals much smaller than the sepals, oblong,
acute, one-nerved. Lip simple, cuneate; apex retuse, tridentate or
obscurely trilobed; spur filiform, deflexed or incurved, 4—2 as long as
the ovary. Column short and stout.
eee Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; high region, in gravel, Holst,

Only known to me from the original description, but said to have the habit
of H. orthoceras, Reichb. f.

6. H. arachnoidea, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 107 (excl. syn-)-
Leaves 2, equal, ovate, transverse, subacute or the upper one acute,
areolate when dried, as in Satyrium; base subcordate. Peduncle
elongate, hispid with deflexed hairs; spikes 6-10-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, pilose, as long as the ovary. Flowers yellow-
Sepals lanceolate, aristate. Petals scarcely longer than the sepals,
oblong, abruptly cuspidate with much exserted apex. Lip cuneate-
flabellate, 5-lobed in front ; lobes ligulate, acute ; dise papillose ; sp

Holothrix. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 193

conical, small, Zi Las long as the limb.—Durand & Schinz, Conspect.
Fl. Afr. v. 69, in part. ~

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Debra Erki, near Woina, on mountains, 7000 ft.,
Schimper,759 (ex Reichenbach). Begemeder ; Mt. Semayata, among grasses, Schimper,
504!

Clearly distinct from H. Richardii, Rolfe, with which it has been confused.

7. H. Nyasz, Rolfe. Plant 9-10 in. high. Leaves 1 or 2 (2),
orbicular or broadly cordate-orbicular, long pilose, about 3 in. long, 1 in.
broad. Scapes 9-10 in. long, densely pilose ; racemes 2 in. long, secund,
12-14-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long.
Sepals ovate, acute, pilose-ciliate, 11 lin. long. Petals cuneate-linear,
2} lin. long; apex tricuspidate. Lip flabellate, 24 lin. long; apex
shortly 7-lobed ; lobes triangular-linear. Column stout, 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: mountains east of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson !

8. H. tridentata, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 119. Plant
23-5 in. high. Tubers ovoid-globose, 3—4 lin. long. Leaves 2, radical,
subopposite, orbicular, ciliate, 5-7 lin. long; the upper generally
smaller than the lower. Scapes 24-5 in. long, retrorsely pilose, more
pubescent above, without sheaths ; racemes }—1 in. long, 4—12-flowered.
Bracts triangular-ovate, acute or subacuminate. Pedicels 1 lin. long.
Sepals ovate, 1 lin. long; apex unequally tricuspidate ` side lobes short
and obtuse; middle lobe longer, subulate. Petals broadly elliptic-
oblong, 1} lin. long; apex very unequally tridentate; side lobes short
and obtuse; middle lobe long, cuspidate. Lip 2 lin. long, broadly
oblong below, upper half divided into 7 diverging, unequal, oblong,
subobtuse lobes ; spur broadly conical, horizontal, somewhat curved,
scarcely } lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long.—Peristylus tridentatus,
Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 221. Platanthera tridentata, Eng).
Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 179.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: 7000 ft., Mann, 2128! 8000-11,000 ft., Johnston !

9. H. platydactyla, Kränzl. in. Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 66. Tubers
small, globose. Leaves 2, subopposite, the upper rather smaller
than the lower, 6-8 in. long, about as broad, thick and fleshy, sub-
orbicular, acute or subobtuse; margin ciliate. Scapes 5-64 in. long,
slender, densely pilose or villose, without sheaths; racemes 1 in. long,
Subsecund, few-8-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or
aristate, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Sepals triangular-ovate,
acute, 1 lin. long. Petals obliquely obovate-oblong, acuminate, with a
tooth on either side above the middle, 1? lin. long. Lip 2 lin. long.
flabellately 7-lobed, with obovate-oblong, obtuse lobes, the two outer
shorter, narrower and more acute. Column very stout, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons; Buea, in the grass region, 7200 ft., Preuss, 1036!

10. Hl. pleistodactyla, Kriinzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 151.
Plant 6-7 in, high. Leaves 2, subopposite, very unequal, the lower
VOL. VII. o

194 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). | Holothrix.

reniformly orbicular, with subcordate base, crenulate, somewhat
ciliate, strongly reticulate-veined, 7-8 lin. long, the upper similar but
not } as large. Scapes 6-7 in. long, retrorsely pilose, without sheaths ;
racemes secund, about 1 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, acu-
minate, pubescent, 14 lin. long. Pedicels very short. Flowers 2 lin.
diam., yellowish-white or brown. Sepals ovate, acute, long pilose,
1} lin. long. Petals cuneate, pentadactylous in front, 24 lin. long.
Lip flabellate, polydactylous, 24 lin. long; segments about 12, linear,
diverging, } as long as the blade of the petals and lip. Column stout,
4 lin. long.—Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 17.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu (at the foot of
Kifinika), 8800 ft., Volkens, 1314!

11. H. Johnstoni, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1896, 47. Leaves
radical, spreading, opposite or nearly so, very shortly petioled, ovate,
subacute or apiculate, sparingly pilose, very ciliate, 1}-2} in. long,
8-12 lin. broad. Scapes 5-10 in. high, long pilose; racemes secund,
1-2 in. long, 6-10-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, concave, pilose,
14-3 in. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave,
connivent, 24-3 lin. long; apex pilose. Petals linear, obtuse, 5-6 lin.
long. Lip 4-5 lin. broad, oblong at the base; apex with 5 spread-
ing, oblong, obtuse lobes; spur conical, obtuse, $ lin. long. Column
stout, } lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; upper plateau of Mt.
Mlanje, Johnston! Zomba, Whyte, 101!

Near the South African H. condensata, Sond., but the flowers are larger, and the
lip 5-lobed.

12. H. longiflora, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 237. Plant
14 ft. high. Leaves 2, radical, reniform, cordate, very shortly
mucronulate, reticulate-veined, 2 in. long, 24 in. broad. Scapes
pubescent, 14 ft. long; racemes subsecund, 4-5 in. long, 16-20-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, villous, 24-3 lin. long.
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acuminate-apiculate,
1-nerved, villous, 4 lin. long. Petals glabrous, cuneate-linear, 1} in.
long, 3-nerved at the base, thin, 9-nerved and divided above into 9
filiform segments. Lip much like the petals, but 1-nerved at the base,
15-nerved above, and divided into 15 filiform segments; spur conical at
the base, strongly recurved, acute, over 1 lin. long, Column stout,
very short; apex biauriculate.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Huilla, Antunes, 20!

Allied to H. grandiflora, Reichb. f., but the flowers are twice as large. In the
original description the petals, by a misprint, are given as only } in. long.

13. H. Medusa, Kränzl. in Notizbl. K. Bot. Gart. Berlin, 1896,
154. Whole plant except the flowers densely pilose. Leaves 1-2,
erbicular (?). Stem 1 ft. high, with a sheath about the middle; spike
secund, 10-15-flowered. Bracts distinctly shorter than the ovary-

Holothrix. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE), 195

Flowers white, 14—14 in.long. Sepals triangular, acuminate, 1-nerved ;
margin ciliate. Petals much longer than the sepals, basal part linear,
4 in. long; upper part divided into many filiform segments. Lip a little
longer, and twice as broad, in other respects similar to the petals, the
entire base and the segments each 7-8 lin. long; spur short, slightly
recurved, obtuse. Column broad, acute; base with a pair of broad
lamelle.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Muscha, in dry soil, Newton.

Only known to me from the original description, but must be nearly allied to the
preceding.

14. H. Lastii, Rolfe. Scapes 9 in. or more long (base not seen),
ferruginous, pubescent. Racemes 2 in. long, few- to many-flowered.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-4 lin. long. Sepals ovate-lanceo-
late, acuminate, 2 lin. long. Petals cuneate-oblong, 7—8 lin. long, the
upper half broken up into about 7 long, subfiliform segments. Lip
similar, but broader and with more numerous segments. Column short
and stout.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last !

A distinct but imperfectly known species.

32. DERGEMERIA, Reichb. f. De Poll, Orch. 29.

Sepals subequal, connivent, herbaceous, usually glabrous. Petals
longer than the sepals or subequal, narrow, entire or somewhat divided
at the apex. Lip adnate for a long distance to the column, erect, con-
cave or involute at the sides, entire or somewhat lobed, produced at the
base into a curved spur. Column short, usually auricled at the sides of
the stigma; clinandrium erect, broad, concave, or almost cucullate ;
connective of the anther not distinct from the clinandrium ; cells ovoid,
adnate, distinct, included; pollinia coarsely-grained, with very short
caudicles, terminating in a small naked gland ; stigma sunk within the
tube formed by the union of the lip and column. Terrestrial herbs
leafless at the flowering time or with a large orbicular radical leaf,

pes stout, glabrous or hairy, and with numerous lanceolate, acu-
minate, often imbricate, sheaths. Flowers small, usually in dense or
unilateral spikes.

A genus of eight species, peculiar to Tropical Africa, with the exception of one
Arabian representative. Bentham reduces it to Habenaria, but it is much nearer to
Holothriz, chiefly differing in the very distinct habit, and in the greater union of the
auricled lip to the column, the stigma being sunk in the tube thus formed. In several
Cases radical leaves are not known, presumably because they wither before the flowers
appear, as is known to occur in D. Schimperi and D. unifolia.

Lip entire , e > i : i H . . 1. D. squamata,
Lip more or less distinctly trilobed or tridentate.
Petals spathulate, obtuse or obscurely trilobed . . 2. D. montigena,

Petals ovate, acuminate, sometimes obscurely toothed
near the apex . S S > b S . 3. D. acuminata,

196 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Deræmeria.

Petals ligulate, tridentate at the apex 4 , 4, D. Schimperi,
Petals oblong, toothed at the sides, apex extended into
one or several threads . : S . . 5. D. precox.
Petals lanceolate-oblong, trilobed to near the middle . 6. D. triloba.
Lip minutely 5-lobed . : : ` < : . 7. D. unifolia.

1. D. squamata, Reichb. f. De Poll. Orch. 29. Plant 4—5 in. high,
leafless at flowering time. Tubers ovoid or oblong, ?-1 in. long.
Scapes stout, 4-5 in. long, with numerous imbricate, triangular-ovate,
acute sheaths, 3-6 in. long. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acu-
minate, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 1—14 lin. long. Sepals ovate or ovate-
oblong, obtuse, 1—14 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire,
slightly longer than the sepals. Lip broadly oblong, obtuse, entire,
1} lin. long, united at the base to the sides of column. Spur conical,
obtuse, 2-1 lin. long. Column stout, 4 lin. long.—Reichb. f. in Flora,
1853, 750; Walp. Ann. iii. 579; Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 185.
Peristylus squamatus, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 289.
Spiranthes abyssinica, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 289 (in
note). Holothrix squamata, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 119.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; in dry fields near Endjedcap, Schimper, 982!
1164! Shoa; Jamma, Steudner, 694, near Gaint, Stewdner, 695 (ex Engler).

2. D. montigena, Rolfe. Plant 5-8 in. high. Tuber oblong or
ovate, 7 lin. long. Leaves single, amplexicaul, very broadly rounded,
14-2 in. broad. Scapes fairly stout, 5-8 in. long, villous at the base,
glabrous above, with several ovate or lanceolate, acuminate sheaths.
Racemes dense, 1-2 in. long; flowers subsecund. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Sepals ovate, sub-
obtuse, or apiculate, 1 lin. long; lateral suboblique. Petals spathulate,
obtuse, 14 lin. long. Lip 14 lin. long, with suborbicular limb; apex
obscurely trilobed; spur narrowly conical, slightly curved, subobtuse.
13 lin. long.—Holothriz montigena, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 295.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Gafat, in dry places, half shaded by small
bushes, 8400 ft., Schimper, 1872!

3. D. acuminata, Rendle & Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 277.
Plant 6 in. high, glabrous, leafless at flowering time. Scapes with
numerous short, triangular-lanceolate, acute sheaths. Racemes lax,
about 2} in. long, 14-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
acute, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Sepals ovate or ovate-
oblong, subacute, 1} lin. long. Petals ovate, acuminate, sometimes wit
an obscure tooth on either side below the apex, 1} lin. long. Lip 1} lin.
long, with broad, cymbiform, auricled base, partly adnate to the sides of
the column; apex broad, shortly tricuspidate; spur straight, 14-2 lin.
long. Column short and stout.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder, on Mount Edda Girges, near Adum, 7000
ft, Schimper, 7901 British Bast Africa: Nandi Hills, 6000-7000 ft, Scott-Elliot,

49!
Differs from D. aphylla, Rendle & Schlechter, in its divided lip and straight spur-

Deremeria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 197

4, D. Schimperi, folfe. Plant glabrous. Leaf orbicular-reni-
form, 1} in. broad. Peduncles with many sessile, lanceolate, acuminate
sheaths. Racemes spiral. Bracts triangular, acuminate, 3-nerved,
nearly as long as the ovary. Sepals lanceolate, triangular, 1-nerved.
Petals ligulate; apex tridentate; apical tooth extending beyond the
side lobes. Lip cymbiform; apex acute or subtrilobed ; middle lobe
acute ; spur arcuate, acute, scarcely 4 as long as the ovary.— Holothriz
Schimperi, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii, 108.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, cultivated specimens, Schimper,

Flowered in the Hamburg Botanic Garden, before 1881. I have not seen it.

5. D. przecox, Rendle & Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 277, Plant
11 in. high, slender, not hairy, aphyllous when flowering; sheaths
about 10, triangular, aristate. Racemes elongate, secund. Bracts lan-
ceolate, as long or slightly shorter than the ovary. Sepals triangular,
unequal, dorsal longer than the lateral. Petals oblong, retuse at
the apex, angled on either side, extended from the sinus into a straight
thread, or in the upper flowers into several threads. Lip adnate to the
base of the column, boat-shaped, oblong, acuminate, apex deflexed, with
a lateral tooth on either side, sometimes long-toothed, sometimes fili-
form ; spur filiform, as long as the ovary, or longer in the lower flowers.
—Holothrix precox, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 108.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; near Debra Erki, in the shade of trees, amongst
rocks, 9400 ft., Schimper, 1536.

Only known to me from the oriyinal description.

6. D. triloba, Rolfe. Plant 6—9 in, high, with several narrowly
acuminate sheaths below the raceme. Leaves not seen. Racemes 2}—
5$ in. long, subsecund, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 2-34 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Sepals
ovate, apiculate, 1? lin. long. Petals lanceolate-oblong, 4 lin. long,
divided almost to the middle into 3 linear lobes. Lip 34 lin. long,
oblong, apical third divided into 3 linear lobes, the entire base broadly
elliptic-oblong ; spur cylindrical, acute, curved, 3 lin. long. Column
very stout, 1 lin. long. Rostellum triangular, acute, minute.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: higher plateau north of Lake Nyasa,
Thomson !

_ 1. D. unifolia, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, iii. 213. Plant 4-5 in,
high. Tuber fusiform or ovate. Leaves orbicular, somewhat acute,
cordate. Scapes retrorsely hispid, upper part with several sessile,
triangular, acuminate sheaths. Racemes cylindrical, secund. Bracts
slightly exceeding the flowers. Sepals ovate, acute. Petals cuneate,
ovate, acuminate, longer than the sepals. Lip oblong; apex minutely
5-lobed ; spur cylindrical, acute, 4 as long as the ovary.—Peristylus uni-
Zeite, Hochst. ex Beicht, f. in Bonplandia, iii. 213. Holothrix unifolia,
Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 119; Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 178.
_ Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; in dry meadows near Debra Eski, 9300 ft.,
Schimper, 129,
Only known to me from the original description.

198 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [Peristylus.

33. PERISTYLUS, Blume; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 297.

Sepals and petals free, subequal, connivent or subconnivent.
Lip continuous with the column, free or slightly adnate to it, produced
at the base into a short, sometimes very short, spur ; limb erect or
somewhat spreading, entire or trilobed. Column short, footless;
clinandrium erect, short. Anther cells parallel; apex inferior, short
and adnate to the base of the column; pollinia granular, with short
caudicles and exserted naked glands; staminodes lateral, auriculate.
Stigma sessile ; rostellum subulate or tooth-like, situated between the
anther cells. Capsule ellipsoid or oblong.

A genus of about 40 or 50 species, dispersed through the north temperate regions,
and in the tropics of Asia and Africa, chiefly in the mountains.

Very nearly allied to Herminium, and chiefly distinguished by the presence of a
distinct spur instead of a gibbous or nearly obsolete sac.
Spur cylindrical, much longer than the lip . S . 1. P. quartinianus,
Spur curved, a little shorter than the lip è < . 2, D volkensianus.
Spur oblong, less than half as long as the lip.
Front lobe of lip linear-oblong (Abyssinian species) . 3. P. petitianus.
Front lobe of lip broadly triangular (Cameroon species) 4. P. Preussii.
Spur saccate or subglobose, very short.
Spur obtuse . : z ; S ` è . 5. P. lefebureanus.
Spur obscurely bilobe . ` : . S . 6. P. Steudneri.

1. P. quartinianus, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 265,
t. 16, fig. 2. Plant 1} ft. high, 2-3-leaved, with a short sheath near
the base. Leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, apiculate or acute, 2-3
in. long, 4-1 in. broad. Spikes 4-5 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 4—1 in. long. Pedicels 24-8 lin. long. Sepals ovate, sub-
acute, carinate near the apex, 13 lin. long; margin ciliolate. Petals
broadly ovate, obtuse, carinate, scarcely ciliolate. Lip 14-1} in. long,
trilobed from a short claw; lobes linear, obtuse ; front lobe a little
longer than the side lobes, incurved ; spur cylindrical, subacute, 5 lin.
long. Stigmatic lobes oblong, fleshy, apiculate, 4 lin. long. Column
very broad, scarcely 4 lin. long; caudicles short. Rostellum oblong,
tooth-like, minute.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 287, t. 85; Reichb. f.
in Walp. Ann. iii. 582. Platanthera quartiniana, Engl. Hochgeb. FL
Trop. Afr. 178. Habenaria ræmeriana, Durand & Schinz, Conspect.
Fl. Afr. v. 85.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; around Adowa, Quartin-Dillon (ex Richard);
without precise locality, Schimper, 1265 !

2. P. volkensianus, Rolfe. Plant very slender, 2-3 ft. long, leafy
in the middle, with several sheaths below. Leaves 5—6, oblong, acute,
4 in. long, 14 in. broad; base attenuate. Spikes 10 in. long, rather
dense-flowered, or more lax at the base. Flowers greenish-yellow, very
small. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the flowers. Sepai
ovate, acute. Petals as long as the sepals, oblong, obtuse. Lip tri-
lobed ; side lobes diverging, linear from a broader base, obtuse ; front
lobe linear, acute; dise with a median elevated keel; spur curved, 3

Peristylus. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 199

little shorter than the lip, slightly flattened, obtuse. Rostellum
minute, compressed.—Platanthera volkensiana, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf.
Ost-Afr. C. 151.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 9500 ft.,
Volkens, 1262!

3. P. petitianus, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 266.
Plant 6-21 in. high, leafy, with several sheaths near the base. Tuber
ovoid-oblong, or globose. Leaves ovate or broadly elliptic-oblong,
obtuse, apiculate or subacute. Racemes oblong or elongate, 3-54 in.
long, dense or somewhat lax. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 24—6 lin.
long. Pedicels 14-24 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long. Petals falcate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Lip deeply trilobed
from a short, broad claw, 14-1} lin. long; lobes linear; side lobes
slightly longer than the front lobe, falcate, subacute; spur oblong, $
lin. long. Column broad, + lin. long; anther with very short
caudicles. Stigmatic lobes linear, small or minute. Rostellum very
short, tooth-like.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 288, t. 84; Reichb. f.
in Walp. Ann. iii. 583. Platanthera petitiana, Engl. Hochgeb. FI,
Trop. Afr. 179. Habenaria petitiana, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. FI.
wit, v. 83.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; mountains at Abba Gerima, near Adowa,
Quartin-Dillon (ex Richard), Province of Wodjerat, Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 229!
Semen ; in the middle region descending from Endjedcap towards Shoata, Schimper,
1257! without precise locality, Schimper, 597! Parkyns! Begemeder; Mt. Guna,
9500 ft., Schimper, 1817! Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1319! mountain slopes
near Galles Claudius (? Gottes Clausius), 7500 ft., Schimper, 1275!

4. P. Preussii, Rolfe. Plant slender, 14-1} ft. high. Leaves
4-6, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 13-3 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad,
decreasing into sheaths below and into the bracts above. _ Spikes
2-3} in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long.
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals ovate, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals ovate-
oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Lip trilobed ; side lobes falcate-lanceolate,
acute, diverging, 1} lin. long; front lobe very broadly triangular,
obtuse, much shorter than the side lobes, with a fleshy median keel ;
Spur oblong, $ lin. long. Column very broad; anther cells erect, sub-
parallel; caudicles not produced. Stigmas sessile, very small.—
Platanthera Preussii, Kränzi. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 63.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: West of Buea, 8200 ft., Preuss, 967 !

5. P. lefebureanus, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 266, t. 16,
Jig. 3. Plant 3-6 in. high, leafy in the middle, with several sheaths
below. Leaves ovate or broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, subacute or
apiculate, 3-14 in. long, 3-1 in. broad. Spikes oblong, dense, 4—14 in.
long. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, subacute, 2-44 lin. long. Pedicels 2-3
lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, very obtuse, 14 lin. long. Petals
broadly ovate, very obtuse, 1 lin. long. Lip nearly square, with a
shortly trilobed apex, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly triangular-ovate, very

200 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Peristylus.

obtuse ; front lobe with a fleshy disc; spur saccate, ł}—4 lin. long.
Column very broad, + lin. long, cells slightly diverging with very short
caudicles. Stigmas very short, nearly confluent. Rostellum broadly
tooth-like, obtuse.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 288. Platanthera
lefeburiana, Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 179. Habenaria lefeburiana,
Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 80.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon
(ex Richard). Wodjerat Distr., Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 227! Semen; near Endjed-
cap, among stones and grass, Schimper, 1254! Begemeder ; Mount Guna, 10,000 ft.,
Schimper, 1325! without locality, Schimper, 613!

6. P. Steudneri, Rolfe. Plant stout, over 1 ft. high, sheaths
spotted with black. Leaves as many as 8, oblong, acute, short,
distant, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Racemes cylindrical,
compact, with small flowers. Bracts triangular, as long as the flowers.
Sepals ligulate-triangular. Petals lanceolate. Lip dilated above the
cuneate base, trifid above; side lobes triangular; front lobe with a
longitudinal keel; spur subglobose, obscurely bilobed at the apex.—
Herminium Steudnerit, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 109.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; Ghuba Valley, Steudner, 706.

Only known to me from the original description.

34. BRACHYCORYTHIS, Lindl.; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen.
Pl. iii. 632, ; :

Sepals free, connivent or ultimately spreading; lateral oblique,
often broader than the dorsal. Petals similar to the lateral sepals
or a little narrower. Lip continuous with the base of the column,
spreading, free; claw broad, somewhat fleshy; base sulcate or con-
cave but not calcarate; apex contracted ; limb dilated, tridentate or
trilobed. Column short; clinandrium erect. Anther erect or some-
what reclinate, broad ; cells parallel; apex inferior, adnate to the short
side lobes of the rostellum ; pollinia granular ; caudicles short; glands
large, contiguous ` staminodes lateral, small, rounded or auriculate.
Stigma pulvinate, fleshy or concave, often large; rostellum short,
trilobed ; middle lobe erect between the anther cells, somewhat plicate ;
side lobes short, suberect. Capsule narrowly oblong.—Terrestrial,
leafy herbs, with undivided, elongate tubers. Leaves sessile, generally
numerous and imbricate, gradually decreasing upwards into the bracts.
Spikes or racemes dense or many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, often rather large.

A genus of about 10 species, limited to Continental Africa, chiefly differing from

Platanthera in the absence of a spur to the lip. Bentham refers it to Disee, where
it is clearly out of place,

Plant over 1 ft. high,

Lip about 1 in. long b x š 5 . 1. B. Kalbreyeri.
Lip about 3 3 in. long.
Plant densely velvety . S S S . 2. B. pubescens.

Plant puberulous or nearly glabrous,
Lip trilobed.

Brachycorythis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE# (ROLFE). 201

Leaves about 40, lower 2 in. long . . 3. B. Schweinfurthii.
Leaves about 20, lower 34 in. long . 4. B. Welwitschii.
Lip bilobed . . . 5. B. pleistophylla,
Lip about 2% lin. long . 6. B. parviflora,

Plant under 6 in. high,

Lip 4-5 lin. long S , B. Pumilio,

Lip 7-8 lin. long . ; S : : : . 8 B. Lastii.

1. B. Kalbreyeri, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1878, 77. Plant 9-16 in.
or more high, with stout, woolly roots. Stem straight or flexuous,
densely or distantly leafy, sheathed below. Leaves about 12, ligulate,
acuminate, 14-3 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad, slenderly 13-nerved. Racemes
few- to many-flowered ; rhachis minutely puberulous. Bracts leafy,
longer than the velvety ovaries, oblong-ligulate, acute, 11—13-nerved.
Flowers fragrant, violet-purple. Sepals 2 in. long; dorsal elliptical,
subacute ; lateral oblong-triangular, subacute. Petals elliptical, obtuse-
angled, rhomboid, apiculate, broader than the sepals. Lip 1 in. long,
angled at the base; limb elliptic-obovate, trifid in front; side lobes
broadly triangular or rotundate, obtuse, oblique ; front lobe minutely
triangular ; spur obscurely saccate, minute.—Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb.
1, 59.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Victoria and Mapanja, 4500-6300 ft., on lava,
Kalbreyer 7

2. B. pubescens, Harv. Thes. Cap.i. 35, t. 54. Plant 1-2 ft. bigh,
velvety all over, densely leafy. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
acute, or acuminate, }-14 in. long, decreasing into sheaths below and
bracts above. Racemes 3-8 in. long, dense-flowered. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 4—1 in. long. Flowers white and flesh-coloured. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse, concave, 3 lin. long; lateral obliquely
Semiovate-oblong, obtuse, 34 lin. long. Petals obliquely semiovate-
oblong, 2} lin. long. Lip 34-4 lin. long, with a pair of rounded
auricles at the gibbous or subsaccate base, constricted and bent above
the base, cuneately dilated and trilobed above; side lobes rounded,
obtuse; front lobe shorter than the side, broadly triangular; disc
obtusely carinate, and with a pair of rounded calli between the
auricles. Column 14 lin. long.—Ridl. in Journ, Bot. 1895, 295. Peri-
stylus hispidulus and var. minor, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 398.

Nile Land. British East Africa: North-east of Kariandusi, near the south end
of Lake Elmenteita, 7000 ft., in woods, Gregory !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; Barrancos de Catete, in wet
thickets, very rare, Welwitsch, 693 !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last ! Mlange, Scott-Elliot, 8687! and without precise locality, Buchanan,
512! 572!

Also found in the Transvaal and Natal.

3. B. Schweinfurthii, Réichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 59. Plant
tall, 23-22 ft. high. Leaves about 40, cuneate-ligulate, acute, 5-nerved,
lower 3-31 in. long, 7-8 lin. broad; nerves prominent below.
Inflorescence 6 in. long, dense-flowered ` apex comose. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved, most of them as long as the flowers,

SES

202 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Brachycorythis.

the lower longer. Flowers purple. Dorsal sepal elliptical, apicu-
late; lateral semiovate, axe-shaped, acute, curved. Petals oblong,
obtuse, incurved, obtuse-angled at the base. Lip cuneate-ligulate,
dilated from a narrow base, trifid at the apex; side lobes semilunate,
obtuse; front lobe minute, triangular; spur obtuse-angled. Column
as in the allied species.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam, on Steppes, Schweinfurth, 3577.

Only known to me from the original description.

4. B. Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 99. Plant erect,
1} ft. high, densely leafy. Tuber simple or digitate. Leaves ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 11-2 in. long, decreasing upwards into the bracts.
Racemes elongated; rhachis papillose, 6-7 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, longer than the flowers, 5-13 lin.
long. Flowers white with a brownish-red lip. Dorsal sepal ovate,
obtuse, 2} lin. long; lateral semiovate-oblong, subobtuse. Petals
semiovate-oblong, obtuse, auriculate at the base on the outer side.
Lip 64 lin. long, constricted above the cymbiform or subsaccate base ;
limb obovate, trilobed at the apex; side lobes triangular-oblong, obtuse,
crenulate on the outer margin; front lobe triangular, obtuse ; dise
carinate. Column stout, 1} lin. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Sobato de Humpata, about 4500 ft., in wet
meadows, Welwitsch, DO !

5. B. pleistophylla, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 104. Plant
14-2} ft. high, strict, densely leafy, turning black in drying. Leaves
oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate or aristate-
acuminate, 1-2 in. long, decreasing into sheaths below and bracts above.
Racemes elongate, 4-8 in. long, dense, many-flowered. Bracts lanceo-
late or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6—9 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 3 lin. long; lateral comin
acute, 3 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate, obtuse or truncate, 33 1m.
long. Lip 6 lin. long, elliptic-obovate from a narrow, slightly Cars?
base, bilobed above; lobes oblong, obtuse, sometimes with a mint
tooth in the sinus; disc carinate, with a pair of erect linear calli near
the base. Column stout, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, ne
Blantyre, Last! Mt. Sotchi, Scott-Elliot, 8570! Mlanje, Whyte ! 7000 ft., sb
and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1345! Portuguese East Africa : Morambala
Mountain, near Shire River, 3000 ft., Kirk !

6. B. parviflora, Rolfe. Plant about 16 in. high, leafy. eme
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-1} in. long, decreasing into sheat
below and bracts above. Racemes 3} in. long, dense-flowered. ~“
lanceolate, acuminate, 5-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Dorsa
sepal elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, 2 lin. long; lateral elliptic-oblong;
obtuse, 2 lin. long. Petals obovate-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. Se
Lip 24 lin. long, constricted above the cymbiform base, then ré Si
dilated, shortly trilobed at the apex; side lobes rounded ; front t0

Brachycorythis.] CXXXII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 203

broadly triangular, the middle nerve thickened, with an erect tubercle
in front of the sac; sides of the sac broadly triangular-auriculate.
Column stout, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, South of Lake Tanganyika,
about 5200 ft., Nutt !

7. B. Pumilio, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 531. Plant 2-24 in.
high; apex 1-2-flowered. Leaves 3—4, cauline, sheath-like, imbricate,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 5—7 lin. long. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,
sheathing, 6-8 lin. long. Pedicels 7-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-
oblong, apiculate, 34-4 lin. long; lateral spreading, oblong, minutely
apiculate, suboblique at the base, 5-6 lin. long. Petals oblong, obtuse,
24-3 lin. long. Lip broadly cuneate-obovate, shortly trilobed at the
apex, 4-5 lin. long; lobes triangular, subobtuse, with the base broadly
Subsaccate, and a pair of erect tubercles or lamelle in front of the sac.
Column stout, 3 lin. long. Stigma a large central cushion, | lin. diam.,
filling the cavity formed by the union of the sac of the lip with the
base of the column; rostellum ovate, obscurely tridentate above, 1 lin.
long.— Penthea Pumilio, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 138. Disa
Pumilio, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 105 (“ Papilio,” by error).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: River Bagru, Mann, 904!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 368 (ex Reichenbach).

8. B. Lastii, Rolfe. Plant about 3 in. high; apex 2—4-flowered.
Tuber oblong, 5-6 lin. long. Leaves cauline, sheath-like, closely im-
bricate, ovate-oblong, acute, 8-12 lin. long. Bracts exactly like the
sheaths. Pedicels about 1 in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 4 in.
long; lateral ovate-oblong, obtuse, spreading, oblique at the base,
7 lin. long. Petals ovate, obtuse, 4 lin. long. Lip cuneate-obovate,
With somewhat deflexed sides, 7-8 lin. long; apex trilobed; lobes
oblong, obtuse ; front lobe rather fleshy, conduplicate or reflexed at the
Sides, saccate at the base. Column stout, 24-3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last !

Near B, Pumilio, Beicht, f., but the flowers are considerably larger.

35. PLATANTHERA, Rich. ; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 284.

Sepals unequal, free; lateral more or less spreading or reflexed.
Petals simple, usually narrower than the dorsal sepal, and appressed to
it, forming a galea. Lip continuous with the column, sometimes shortly
adnate to it, produced at the base into a short or much elongated spur ;
limb Spreading or pendulous, narrow or broad, entire or trilobed ; side
obes sometimes fimbriate or pectinate. Column short, footless ; clinan-

rum erect, short or scarcely as long as the anther. Anther cells.
parallel or diverging; apex inferior, short and adnate to the side lobes
of the rostellum ; pollinia granular, with short caudicles, and exserted,
naked glands ; staminodes lateral, small, rounded or auriculate. Stigmas
Sessile or subsessile, more or less confluent, often pulvinate ; rostellum

204 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Platanthera.

trilobed ; middle lobe subulate or tooth-like, situated between the
anther cells; side lobes short. Capsule ellipsoid or oblong.—Terres-
trial herbs with the habit of Orchis. Tubers ovoid-globose or rarely
lobed. Flowers small or large, in lax or dense spikes or racemes.
Bracts mostly narrow.
A genus of 60 or 70 species, dispersed through the north temperate regions, and in
the tropics of Asia and Africa, chiefly in the mountains.
Distinguished from Habenaria by the short, more or less confluent stigmas.
Spur straight or slightly curved.
Spikes lax. $ e e
Spikes dense. ;
Lip cuneate-dilated, trilobed : ` ; . 2. P. engleriana.
Lip ovate-oblong, entire x S : : . 3. P. tenuior,
Spur hooked, constricted in the middle, subglobose at the
apex ` Š S S : : : . 4, P. uncata.

. 1. P. helleborina.

1. P. helleborina, folfe. Plant 1-1} ft. high, leafy. Leaves
lanceolate-oblong, acute or subacute, 2-4 in. long, 4—14 in. broad,
decreasing upwards into the bracts. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,
3-1} in. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Flowers green, with a lilac
spotted lip. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, subgaleate,
5 lin. long; lateral spreading, reflexed, falcate-oblong, subobtuse,
5 lin. long. Petals faleate-oblong, obtuse, appressed to the dorsal sepal
forming a hood, 5 lin. long. Lip 10-11 lin. long, shortly clawed, then
much dilated, suborbicular or obovate-orbicular, emarginate or shortly
bilobed, 8 lin. broad ; disc with a pair of keel-like lamell at the base ;
spur conical, narrowed near the apex, subobtuse, 4 lin. long. Anther
oblong, 14 lin. long, with short caudicles. Stigmas very short, nearly
confluent. Rostellum tooth-like, minute. Capsule oblong, 7-8 lin.
long.—Habenaria helleborina, Nichols. Dict. Gard. ii. 107. Gymnadenra
macrantha, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 279; Kränzl. in Reichb. f. Xen.
Orch. iii. 71, t. 236 ; var. punctulata, Kriinzl. Let 237, fig. 2. Kulophia
helleborina, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5875.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Turner! Bockstatt ! Hart! shady places on
the way up Sugarloaf Mountain, Scott-Elliot, 4061 !

2. P. engleriana, Rolfe. Stem very long, over 3 ft. high, slender,
the lower 10 inches clothed with distant sheaths, the upper part leafy.
Leaves about 20, lanceolate, acuminate, distant, decreasing into the
bracts above. Bracts leaf-like, but smaller than the leaves, the
lower longer than the flowers, the upper equalling them. Spikes
dense, many-flowered, glabrous, continuous with the upper leaves.
Sepals ovate, obtuse; lateral a little oblique at the base. Petals
ovate, obtuse, more slender than the sepals. Lip with a narrow base,
suddenly dilated into a trilobed limb; side lobes triangular ; front lobe
elongate-linear, obtuse; dise with 2 straight elevated calli between
the side lobes, connected by a very narrow isthmus; spur long, stout,
cylindrical, slightly curved, obtuse, as long as the lip. Column tall,

Platanthera. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 205

half as long as the dorsal sepal. Rostellum transverse, thick.—-
Brachycorythis engleriana, Kränz, in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 20.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 563.

Only known to me from the original description.

3. P. tenuior, Aar: Plant 6-15 in. high, leafy. Leaves ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, #-14 in. long, decreasing
into sheaths below and into the bracts above. Racemes 1-44 in.
long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or
acuminate, 4-12 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Flowers purple.
Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse, concave, 3 lin. long; lateral
obliquely semiovate-oblong, 3} lin. long. Petals obliquely oblong,
obtuse, 3 lin. long, the lower side with a rounded base. Lip entire,
3-3} lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with reflexed sides and rounded basal
auricles; dise with a fleshy central nerve and a pair of narrow erect
lamelle at the base ; spur 34 lin. long, conical-oblong, obtuse. Column
stout, 2 lin. long.—Brachycorythis tenuior, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865,
183; Beicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 104. Habenaria tenuior, N. E.
Brown, in Gard. Chron. 1885, xxiv. 307.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Blan-
tyre, Scott! Fwambo, South of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 11!

Also found in the Transvaal and in Natal.

4. P. uncata, Rolfe. Plant 6-7 in. high, 2-leaved. Leaves
subradical, elliptic-oblong, subacute or apiculate, 2-24 in. long, 3-1} in.
broad. Racemes 24 in. long, lax. Bracts ovate, acuminate, 3—4 lin.
long. Pedicels 3-5 lin. long. Flowers purple. Dorsal sepal ovate,
acute, 2 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate, acute, 2 lin. long. Petals
Suborbicular-ovate, acute, slightly shorter than the sepals. Lip
Obovately trilobed from a cuneate base, 4-44 lin. long; side lobes
broadly oblong, obtuse ; front lobe triangular, acute, not half as long
as the side lobes; spur broadly conical, inflated at the base, much
constricted and curved in the middle, subglobosely inflated at the apex.
SE stout, 1 lin. long. Stigma subsessile. Rostellum triangular,
Short.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Kwa Chiropa, Hannington !

36. PODANDRIA, Rolfe.

_ Sepals free; lateral narrower than the dorsal, reflexed. Petals
simple, filiform-setaceous, erect, longer than the dorsal sepal and free
from it. Lip continuous with the column, shortly adnate to it,
produced at the base into a long cylindrical spur; limb pendulous,
tripartite with narrow lobes. Column with a short broad base, foot-
less. Anther long stipitate; cells parallel; apex inferior, free from
the side lobes of the rostellum, and exterior to them ; pollinia granular,
with very long slender caudicles, and exserted naked gland ; staminodes
lateral, oblong. Stigmas sessile, nearly confluent, situated within the
Side lobes of the rostellum and at their base; rostellum trilobed; front

206 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Podandria.

lobe linear-subulate, with incurved apex; side lobes short and broad,
with bidentate apex.

A West African monotype, somewhat resembling Habenaria in habit, but remark-
able for its enormously elongated anther and long narrow segments. The stigma
resembles Platanthera, but is guarded on either side by the enlarged side lobes of the
rostellum, which are free from the anther channels.

1. P. macrandra, Rolfe. Plant 3-13 ft. high. Leaves 4-7,
radical, petioled ; blade elliptic-oblong, acute, 2-5 in. long, 2-2 in.
broad; petioles 1-2 in. long. Racemes with 2-9 large flowers.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-1} in. long. Pedicels 1-14 in.
long. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, subacuminate, 14 lin. long;
lateral linear, acuminate, 15 lin. long. Petals simple, filiform-
setaceous, acuminate, 14 in. long. Lip tripartite; lobes linear-filiform,
7-8 lin. long, subequal or the front lobe slightly longer than the side;
spur 24-3 in. long, slender below, slightly thickened above. Stigmas
sessile, nearly confluent. Anther cells 2 lin. long, situated at the apex
of a narrow stipes, 7-8 lin. long, free from the side lobes of the
rostellum at the base; staminodes oblong, erect, ł lin. long. Ros-
tellum trilobed; side lobes broadly oblong, bidentate, 1 lin. long;
front lobe linear-subulate, curved at the apex, 14 lin. long.—Habe-
naria macrandra, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 139; Reichb. f. in
Flora, 1865, 179; Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 161.

Upper Guinea. Niger Delta: banks of the Bonny River, Mann, 518!
‘Cameroon Mountains, 3000 ft., Mann, 2117!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, Mount Queta, in very shady primeval
woods, Welwitsch, 663 !

Reichenbach wrongly describes the petals as bipartite.

37. HABENARIA, Willd. ; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen.
Pl. iii. 624, in part.

Sepals unequal, free; lateral more or less spreading or reflexed.
Petals simple or deeply bilobed, usually narrower than the dorsal
sepal, and appressed to it, forming a galea, or the posticous lobe so
appressed, and the anticous descending, and simulating a lobe of
the lip. Lip continuous with the column, often shortly adnate to it,
produced at the base into a short or much elongated spur; limb
spreading or pendulous, narrow or broad, undivided or trilobed; side
lobes sometimes fimbriate or pectinate. Column short, footless;
clinandrium erect, short or scarcely as long as the anther. Anther
cells parallel or diverging; apex inferior, short and adnate or free,
elongate, and horizontal, or descending in slender channels on the
margins of the side lobes of the rostellum; pollinia granular, with
short or elongate caudicles, and exserted, naked gland ; staminodes
lateral, small, rounded or auriculate. Stigma bilobed, or extended into
two short or elongate, often clavate, papillose processes; rostellum
trilobed; middle lobe subulate or tooth-like, situated between the
anther-cells; side lobes much longer, and acting as carriers for the
eaudicles of the pollinia. Capsule ellipsoid or oblong, sometimes

Habenaria.| CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 207

beaked.—Terrestrial herbs, with the habit of Orchis. Tubers ovoid-
globose or rarely lobed. Flowers small or large, in lax or dense spikes
or racemes. Bracts mostly narrow.

A genus of about 400 species, widely diffused through tropical and subtropical
regions.

I have followed Kränzlin and most other authors in retaining Platanthera, which
is sometimes referred here, as a distinct genus, on account of the sessile or subsessile,
more or less confluent stigmas.

Petals entire.
Lip entire.
Pedicels 24 lin, long; flowers 14 lin. long, rose . 1. H. calcarata,
Pedicels 6-10 lin. long; flowers 23-4 lin. long,
green or white.
Spur entire at the apex.
Sepals 25-3 lin. long . : : : . 2. H. zambesina,
Sepals 4—5 lin. long. : S e . 3. H. stenochila.
Spur shortly bifid at theapex . . 4. H. leonensis.
Lip trilobed or tripartite (side lobes rarely very small).
Side lobes of lip entire.
*Leaves cauline, more or less elongated or nar-
row
Spur shorter than the lip.
Lip trilobed.
Leaves 2-7 lin. broad.
Sepals 1 lin. long.
Leaves ovate-oblong, 3-1} in. long 5. H. Montolivea,
Leaves E "a: in.

long . 5 6. H. debilis.
Sepals ER lin. ltr - , V. H. Rendlet.
Leaves 3 BEEN in. broad S . - 8. H. microceras.
Lip tripartite.

Raceme short, dense . S ; , 9. H. combusta.

Raceme elongate, lax . 2 , "JO. H. peristyloides.
Spur as long as the lip e e , 11. H. cardiochila,
Spur longer, but not more than twice as long

as the lip.

Spur cylindrical, 23 lin. long . , 12. H. tenuispica.
Spur clavate, 4 lin. long : - . 13. H. Erythree.
Spur slender, 4-1 in. long.

Leaves linear or oblong-linear.

Inflorescence dense. . > e . 14. H. clarencensis.

Inflorescence lax.

Leaves oblong-linear.
Front lobe of lip slightly longer
than the side lobes.
Lobes of lip 1-14 lin. long . 15. H, attenuata.

Lobes of lip 2-24} lin. long 16. H. Spiranthes.
Front lobe of lip twice as long as
> the side lobes - . S > 17. H. filicornis.
Leaves linear . ; S z . 18. H. chlorotica,

Leaves lanceolate to oblong.
Abyssinian species.
Racemes dense.
Flowers 1-3 lin. diameter . . 19. H. variabilis.
Flowers 4-5 lin. diameter . , 20. H. bracteosa.

208 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

Racemes lax.
Lobes of lip oval-lanceolate . . 21. H. distantiflora.
Lobes of lip filiform or narrow.
Front lobe of lip longer than the
side lobes S . . 22. H. deflexa.
Lobes of lip equal . S . 23. H. tridactyla.
Western species.
Side lobes of lip 14 lin. long . : . 24. H. Schinzii.
Side lobes of lip reduced to minute teeth 25. H. epipactidea.
Spur slender or subclavate, 13-4 in. long.
Racemes many-flowered.
Side lobes of lip linear, 5-7 lin. long . 26. H. procera.
Side lobes of lip minute and tooth-like 27, H. hircina.
Racemes few-flowered.
Leaves radical or subradical.
Lobes of lip 5—6 lin, long ` . 28. H. gabonensis.
Lobes of lip about 1 in. long . . 29. H. eburnea.
Leaves cauline. :
Sepals ovate or obovate, obtuse . 80. H. Staudtir.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute . 31. H. Milnes.

Spur elongate, 6-64 in. long . S . 32. H. Psiloceras.
**Leaves radical, suborbicular : : . 33. H. vaginata.
Side lobes of lip fimbriate or pectinate.
Spur 43-6 in. long. . S ` . 84, H. engleriana.

Spur 3-2 in. long.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate or ovate-
oblong (Abyssinian or LEastern

species).
Dorsal sepal 3—5 lin. long.
Sepals subequal . . 35. H. tricruris.
Lateral sepals somewhat longer than
the dorsal,
Side lobes of lip deeply fimbriate
at the apex 4 . 86. H. decorata.
Side lobes of lip pectinate ‘along
the outer margin . 37. H. quartiniana,
Lateral sepals much ae than the
dorsal . ` ‘ . 88. H. anisoptera.

Dorsal nepal 8-12 lin. long.
Spur 14-14 in. long.
Claw of lip 24 lin. long : . 39. H, macrantha.
Claw of lip 5 lin. long S . 40. H. splendens.
Spur 10 lin. long . . 41. H. prestans.
Leaves linear-oblong (Western species) . 42. H. Monti,
Petals bilobed or bipartite.
Leaves suborbicular, radical.
Sepals acute or acuminate.
Leaves two.
Spur clavate, 6 lin. long è ; S . 43. H. calva.
Spur cylindrical, 13-2 in. long.
Raceme dense, many-flowered . ‘ . 44, H. stylites.
Raceme few, and distant-flowered x . 45. H. Mechowii.
Spur cylindrical, 3—5 in. long.
Stigmatic processes 2-2} lin. long . . 46, H. subarmata.
Stigmatic processes 34-4} lin. long.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE).
Leaves 4-5 in. broad .
Leaves 7-8 in. broad .
Leaves solitary.
Spur as long as the ovary
Spur three to four times as long as ‘the ovary .
Sepals broad and obtuse.
Spur 18-20 lin. long
Spur 6 in. long
Leaves more or less elongated c or narrow (unknown in in
70, 93, 104 and 105).
*Spur ‘under 2 in. long.
Leaves radical, oblong-lanceolate
Leaves cauline, or if subradical very narrow.
Leaves broad, usually oblong or ovate-oblo ng.
Anterior petal lobe longer than the pos-
terior
Flowers glabrous.
Spur slender, slightly curved
Spur curved forwards, then deflexed
Spur inflated throughout
Spur clavate from a narrow base.
Flowers more or less puberulous.
Spur 44 lin. long
Spur 7-8 lin. long.

Anterior petal lobe distinctly narrowed
. 59. H. cultrata.

from an ovate base .
Anterior petal lobe suddenly caudate
from a rounded base
Anterior petal lobe equalling or shorter than
the posterior.
Lip entire . . P e
Lip trilobed or tripartite.
Anterior petal lobe entire.
Spur not or but slightly thickened at
the apex ` . e
Spur inflated at the apex.
Lobes of lip linear . e
Lobes of lip broadly subspathulate
Anterior petal lobe minutely bilobed
Anterior petal lobe reduced to a pair of
minute teeth . í
Leaves narrow, usually lanceolate or linear (un-
known in "ou and 93).
+Stigmatic processes under 2 lin. long.
Racemes short, usually under 4 in. long.
Western species.
Lip somewhat curved . S S
Lip uncinate .
Eastern species.
Lateral sepals 4 lin. long i .
Lateral sepals 3 lin. or less long.
Spur subclavate.
Spur 6-7 lin. long . e
Spur 10-11 lin. long .
Spur strongly clavate .

VOL, VII.

209

. 47. H. armatissima.

48. H Lugardii.

49. H. villosa.
50. H. Lecardit.

51. H. aquatorialis.
52. H. macrura.

58. H. thomana.

. 54. H. malacophylla.
. 55. H. tentaculigera.
. 56. H. njamnjamica.
. 57. H. ceratopetala.

. 58. H. antennifera.

. 60. H. cultriformis.

61. H. robusta.

62. H. Bongensium.

63. H. ruwenzoriensis.
64. H. insignis.

. 65. H. simensis.

66. H. pantothriz.

67. H. Welwitschii.

. 68. H. anaphysema.

69. H. humilior.

. 70. H. martialis.
. 71. H. ingrata.
. 72. H. culicifera.

r

210 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [ Habenaria.

Racemes elongated, usually over 4 in. long.
Western species.

Leaves 1} lin. broad . : . . 73. H. buettneriana.
Leaves 2—4 lin. broad. - - . 74. H. cataphysema.
Eastern species.
Spur clavate . ; . 75. H. Peltastes.
Spur subclavate or filiform.
Abyssinian species . . 76. H. chirensis.

Species found south of Abyssinia.
Spur 5 lin. long.
Spur filiform : ; - 77. H. Holstis.
Spur narrowly fusiform . . 78. H. polyantha.
Spur 7—10 lin. long.
Anterior petal lobe longer than
the posterior.
Raceme 6 in. long : . 79. H. ndiana.
Raceme about 1 ft. long . 80. H. sochensis.
Anterior petal lobe shorter than
the posterior . . . 81. H. Kilimanjari.
ttStigmatic processes 2 lin. or more long.
Spur 1 in. long or less.
Western species.
Anterior petal lobe much longer than
the posterior.

Spur 10-11 lin. long. : . 82. H. huillensis.
Spur 4-6 lin. long.
Spur subclavate : ` . 83. H. ichmeumonea.
Spur strongly clavate . : . 84. H. confusa.
Anterior petal lobe GE shorter than
the posterior : . 85. H. Vogelit.

Eastern species.
Spur 4-7 lin. long.
Side lobes of lip well developed.
Racemes lax.

Abyssinian species : . 86. H. schimperiana.
Ruwenzori species ; . 87. H. genuflexa.
‘Racemes dense.
Spur 5 lin. long . S . 88. H. Thomsoni.
Spur 9 lin. long . . 89. H. lykipiensis.
Side lobes of lip reduced to minute
teeth . : . 90. H. ridleyana.

Spur 8-12 lin. long.
Lobes of lip 4-5 lin. long.
Stigmatic processes slender,
capitate . è - . 91. H. hochstetteriana.
Stigmatic processes clavate,
obliquely truncate.
Stigmatic processes 2 lin. long 92. H. pedicellaris.
Stigmatic processes 3 lin. long 93. H. ranicolorata.
Lobes of lip 6-7 lin. long.

Raceme lax . : $ . 94. H. nyikana.
Raceme dense : ; . 95. H. altior.
Spur much over 1 in. long. i
Raceme lax . ° . ; j . 96. H. plectromaniaca.

Raceme dense S ; S R . 97. H. decaptera.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 211

**Spur 3-8 in. long.
Western species.
Plant 14—24 ft. high.

Flowers 2 in. long . - : . 98. H. occultans.
Flowers 14 in. long . : : , 99. H. Soyauxii.
Plant 4 ft. or more high - . 100. H. zenkeriana.

Eastern species.
Spur as long as the pedicel, its apex
generally concealed within the bract 101. H. Walleri.
Spur much longer than the pedicel, free
from the bract.
Lobes of lip subequal.
Petal lobes subequal = ` , 102. H. perbella.
Anterior petal lobe twice as long as
the posterior.
Spur cylindrical, 5-8 in. long , 103. H. cirrhata.
Spur clavate above, 3% in. long . 104. H. longistigma.
Side lobes of lip twice as long as the

front lobe.
Spur cylindrical, 5 in. long. . 105. H. rhopalostigina.
Spur clavate above, 3 in. long . , 106. A. Holubi.
***Spur absent . S : : : : . 107. H. ecaudata.

1. H. calcarata, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 355. Plant
slender, over 1 ft. high. Leaves 3-4, basal, oblong-lanceolate, acute or
apiculate, 1-1} in. long, 4—6 lin. broad. Upper part of the stem and
the inflorescence glandular-pilose. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 24—34
lin. long. Pedicels glandular-pubescent, 24 lin. long. Flowers deep
rose. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 14 lin. long; lateral ligulate, acute,
1} lin. long; all muriculate-puberulous outside. Petals rhomboid-
ligulate, acute, 14 lin. long. Lip ligulate, acute; spur cylindrical, 1}
lin. long, slightly thickened above the base. Column very short,
Stigmatic processes linear-oblong, short. Anther channels minute,
Rostellum reduced to a very small tooth.—Benth. & Hook, f. Gen. Pl.
iii. 627. Stenoglottis calcarata, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 180.
Barlea calcarata, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xli. 54. e

Lower Guinea, Angola: near Huilla, Welwitsch, 733! not 233 as quoted by
Reichenbach,

Reichenbach at first referred this to Stenoglottis, and afterwards made a new genus,
Barlea, for its reception. Bentham classified it as an anomalous Habenaria, but its
exact affinity still remains doubtful.

2. H. zambesina, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 96. Plant
stout, over 2 ft. high. Leaves cauline, amplexicaul, oblong or ovate-
oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 2—44 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, decreasing
upwards. Racemes cylindrical, 4—8 in. long, dense-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 6-10 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8
lin. long. Sepals broadly ovate, apiculate, 23-3 lin. long. Petals
suborbicular-ovate, rather shorter than the sepals. Lip entire, linear-
oblong, obtuse or apiculate, 3-34 lin. long; spur cylindrical, 14-2 in.
long. Stigmatic processes subclavate-linear, 1} lin. long. Anther

212 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [ Habenaria.

channels stout, about 2 lin. long. Rostellum oblong, } lin. long.—
Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 213.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Quango River, Mechow, 535A (ex Kränzlin).
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa ` Zambesiland, Kirk! Nyasaland ;

Shire Highlands, common in marshy places, Buchanan, 312! and without precise
locality, Buchanan, 472! 542!

3. H. stenochila, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 139. Plant 1-2
ft. high. Stem leafy. Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute or
shortly acuminate, 2—44 in. long, 3-13 in. broad. Racemes 14-3} in.
long, dense-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
4-1 in. long. Pedicels 6-10 lin. long. Flowers white, very fragrant.
Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 4 lin. long; lateral obliquely
semiovate, subacute, 44-5 lin. long. Petals suboblique, ovate-oblong,
with a rounded basal angle in front, subobtuse, 4 lin. long. Lip
simple, elongate-linear, obtuse, 54 lin. long ; spur cylindrical, slightly
curved, 1-14 in. long. Stigmatic processes subclavate-linear, subacute,
slightly curved, 14 lin. long. Anther channels linear, curved, 2 lin.
long. Rostellum subulate, 4 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
216. ` ;

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1995!

4, H. leonensis, Kränzl. ex Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v.
80. Stem 10 in. high, leafy above, squamate below. Leaves long
sheathing, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 34-4} in. long,
$-14 in. broad. Racemes short, 3-5-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 7-8 lin. long. Flowers `
white. Dorsal sepal broadly oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long; lateral
obliquely oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 44 lin. long. Petals elliptic-
oblong, obtuse, 34 lin. long. Lip linear from a broader, rectangular
base, 6 lin. long; spur cylindrical, curved, 14-1} in. long; apex
distinctly bifid. Stigmatic processes linear, curved, 1 lin. long.
Anther channels about as long as the stigmas. Rostellum triangular,
subacute, about 4 lin. long.—H. candida, Lindl. ex Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 217 (not Dalzell).

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; cultivated specimen, Loddiges! Sugarloaf
Mountain, Preuss (ex Kränzlin).

The name H. leonensis, is not given by Krinzlin in his Monograph, but as Durand
& Schinz omit H. candida, Lindl., I have no doubt that this is what they intended,
especially as the page cited agrees,

5. H. Montoliveea, Kränzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr.
183. Tuber roundish-oblong, 6-7 lin. long. Stem 6-12 in. high, 4-5-
leaved. Leaves ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 3-1} in. long,
5-7 lin. broad, the upper gradually passing over into the bracts.
Racemes 14-24 in. long, rather dense, many-flowered. Bracts ovate Or
ovate-lanceolate, acute, 14-24 lin. long. Pedicels 14-2 lin. long.
Sepals ovate, acute or apiculate, 1 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, 1 lin. long. Lip 1 lin. long, shortly trilobed from a broad base ;
side lobes falcate-oblong, subobtuse; front lobe triangular, obtuse,

Habenaria. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 213

slightly longer and broader than the side lobes; disc fleshy and with a
short broad tooth in front of the spur; spur oblong-globose, + lin. long,
Stigmatic processes sessile, rounded. Anther channels nearly obsolete ;
glands large, subglobose. Rostellum broadly oblong, obtuse, + lin. long,
with the minute stigmatic lobes at its base.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb.
xvi. 176. Montolivea elegans, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 107 ; Benth.
et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 627.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Tigre v. Begemeder,
Schimper, 1268 ! 1821! Semen ; on the road from Debra Ercis to Woina, 7000-8000 ft.,
Schimper, 625!

Remarkable for the large rostellum with minute stigmas at the base, also for the
large glands. Habit of Herminium, but the stigma is different, and it seems to have
no near affinities,

6. Hi. debilis, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 221. Plant
34-8 in. high. Leaves 2, subradical, lanceolate-oblong, acute, attenuate
at the base, 3-3) in. long, 4-7 lin. broad; sheaths about two, small.
Scapes pubescent above. Racemes }-2 in. long, few- to many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long, pube-
scent. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, 1 lin. long ; lateral obliquely
ovate, obtuse, 1 lin. long. Petals ovate, obtuse, rather smaller than the
sepals. Lip a little exceeding the sepals, trilobed ; lobes linear-oblong,
obtuse ` front lobe a little longer than the side lobes; spur 1 lin. long,
a little narrowed at the apex. Stigmatic processes curved, ascending,
very short. Anther channel scarcely exserted. Rostellum minute.—
Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 158.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, 5000—7000 ft., Mann, 2127!

7. H. Rendlei, Rolfe. Stem 9-12 in. high, 3-4-leaved in the
middle. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, 14-4 in. long, 14-3
lin. broad. Spikes 2-4} in. long, narrow, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 4—6 in. long. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
ovate-oblong, obtuse, 2} lin. long; lateral erect, oblique, semicor-
date-ovate, subacute or apiculate, 2} lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 2} lin. long. Lip 3 lin. long, shortly and broadly unguiculate,
then trilobed; each side of the claw shortly cordate-auriculate ; lobes
fleshy, linear, subacute ; side lobes diverging; front lobe broader and
about twice as long as the side lobes; spur broadly oblong, 1 lin. long.
Stigmatic processes deflexed, oblong, parallel, 4 lin. long. Anther
‘channels scarcely developed. Rostellum broadly obovate, quadrate,
truncate, } lin. long, and more than that broad.—/. peristyloides,
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 294 (not A. Rich.).

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, sunny hillsides, 6000-7000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 7646!

This has much narrower leaves than the Abyssinian H. peristyloides, A, Rich., to
which it has been referred.

' 8. H. microceras, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 221. Plant
1-2} ft. high. Leaves cauline, elliptical, subacute, 14-4 in. long, 7-14
in. broad. Racemes 4-10 in. long, rather dense, many-flowered. Bracts

214 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

oblong-lanceolate, acute, 38-5 lin. long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Flowers
green. Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals oblong,
obtuse, 1} lin. long. Lip fleshy, trilobed, 1} lin. long; side lobes
oblong, obtuse, a little narrower and longer than the front lobe, slightly
incurved; front lobe triangular, distinctly keeled in front ; spur linear-
oblong, obtuse, slightly curved, E lin. long. Stigmatic processes sub-
sessile, rounded, obtuse, diverging. Anther channels very short or
scarcely exserted. Rostellum minute and tooth-like.—Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 142.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: 7000-10,000 ft., Mann, 2116! Johnston, 31! 32!
Preuss, 967.

9. H. combusta, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 294. Tuber ovoid,
2 in. long, 44 lin. broad. Stem 43-8 in. high with 1 or 2 short, acute,
basal sheaths, and 2 to 4 leaves above. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong,
acute, 11-3} in. long, 4-7 lin. broad. Racemes dense-flowered, 14-2 in.
long. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate or aristate-acuminate, 4-8 lin. long.
Pedicels 24-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, mucronate, 14-2 lin.
long; lateral oblique, upright, not deflexed, 24-3 lin. long. Petals
ovate-oblong, very obtuse, shorter than the lip, as long as the dorsal
sepal. Lip with cordately auricled base, tripartite ; side lobes linear-
falcate, obtuse, 14-2 lin. long ; front lobe straight, twice as broad and
twice as long as the side lobes; spur saccate-oblong, 4—} lin. long.
Stigmatic process short, rounded, deflexed. Anther channels very
GE Rostellum minute, triangular—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. zg.

l-

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Mount Guna, 10,000 ft., Schimper, 1312!

10. H. peristyloides, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 270,
t. 17, fig. 3. Stem 1 ft. or more high, base sheathed, middle leafy.
Leaves oval-lanceolate, acute. Racemes elongate, somewhat lax-
flowered. Bracts oval-lanceolate, very acute, convolute, as long as the
flower. Sepals connivent, galeate; dorsal oval, obtuse, cucullate ;
lateral ascending, ovate, very acute. Petals simple, as long as the
sepals, oboval, obtuse. Lip subcordate at the base, tripartite above ;
side lobes diverging, linear, obtuse ; front lobe twice as long and twice
as broad as the side lobes, linear, obtuse ; spur clavate, half as long aS
the lip. Stigmatic processes contiguous, appressed to the lip, obtuse,
canaliculate-concave. Anther channels very short.—A. Rich. Tent. PL
Abyss. ii. 291; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 586; Kriinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 168.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mount Sholoda and Mount Semayata, near
Adowa, Quartin-Dillon,

Only known to me from the published descriptions,

11. H. cardiochila, Krénzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 182
(name only) ; Krénzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 144. Tuber 9-14 lin. long,
7 lin. broad. Stem strong, 20 in. high, 4 lin. broad; base cloth
with several gaping sheaths ; the upper part leafy up to the raceme

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 215

Leaves 5-6, upright, long and ample-sheathed, oblong-lanceolate, acute,
43 in. long, 14 lin. broad. Racemes cylindrical, dense-flowered, 5 in.
long. Bracts ovate, acuminate, a little longer than the flowers.
Flowers white, 34 lin. diam. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute; lateral
ovate, acute, oblique, erect, connivent, flat. Petals simple, oblong,
obtuse ` apex rounded, flat. Lip trilobed ; base pandurate or cordate,
with 2 rounded auricles ; side lobes linear, faleate, recurved ; front lobe
linear, slightly broader, 34 lin. long; apex rounded, obtuse; spur
cylindrical, pendulous, as long as the pedicel and lip. Stigmatic
processes parallel to the base of the lip, incumbent, rounded in front.
Anther channels very short. Rostellum small, obtuse.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Abba Gerima, near Adowa, on mountains,
6800 ft., Schimper.

Only known to me from the original description.

12. Hl. tenuispica, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 293. Plant
slender, 2 ft. or more high, distantly-leaved. Leaves elongate-
linear, acuminate, the lower sheathing, the upper amplexicaul,
4-7 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Sepals 1 lin. long;
dorsal broadly ovate, obtuse, concave; lateral ovate-oblong, obtuse,
reflexed. Petals ovate-oblong, concave, 1 lin. long. Lip 1} lin. long,
trilobed; side lobes rather narrower and shorter than the front,
diverging; front lobe linear-oblong, obtuse ; spur cylindrical, a little
dilated above, 24 lin. long. Stigmatic processes stout, subsessile, 4 lin.
ie Anther channel very short. Rostellum very short and tooth-

e.
eain Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, Butagu, 9000 ft., Scott-Elliot,

13. H. Erythrææ, Rolfe. Plant 1} ft. high. Tubers oblong,
8-10 lin. long. Leaves cauline, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute
or acuminate, 2-34 in. long, 5-9 lin. broad. Racemes 5-6 in. long,
lax. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-9 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-7 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 1} lin.
long ; lateral falcate-oblong, subobtuse, 2—24 lin. long. Petals simple,
oblong, subobtuse, nearly as long as the dorsal sepal and forming a
galea with it. Lip tripartite ; lobes subfiliform, subobtuse ; lateral lobes
13-2 lin. long; front lobe 24 lin. long; spur filiform, very slightly
thickened near the apex, 7 lin. long. Stigmatic processes clavate-
oblong, 1 lin. long. Anther channels as long as the stigmas.
Rostellum triangular-subulate, 4 lin. long.— H. ichneumoniformis,
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 88, 112 (not Ridl.).

Wile Land. Eritrea: Ginda, 2900 ft., Schweinfurth, 123. Above Salomone, on
the way to Maldi, 2600 ft., Schweinfurth, 164 !

Distinct from the Madagascar H. ichneumoniformis, Ridl., to which it is referred
by Schweinfurth.

216 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). | Habenaria.

14. H. clarencensis, Rolfe. Tuber oblong, 1} in. long. Plant
3-21 ft. high. Leaves cauline, oblong-linear, acute, 14—10 in. long.
Racemes 2-11 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 14-1? lin. long; lateral suboblique. Petals ovate, obtuse,
slightly shorter than the sepals. Lip 13 lin. long, trilobed from a
broad base; side lobes oblong, obtuse, spreading; front lobe. ovate-
oblong, obtuse, broader than the side lobes; spur filiform, 5-6 lin.
long. Stigmatic processes very short, stout, subacute. Anther
channels a little shorter than the stigmas. Rostellum oblong, very
short, obtuse or minutely bidentate.—H. prealta, Lindl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. vi. 140; Hook. f. le. vii. 222 (not A. Rich.); Kränzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 180 (in part).

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po: top of Clarence Peak, 10,000 ft., Mann, 645 !

Allied to the Bourbon H. prealta, A. Rich., with which it has been confused, but
the spur is much longer than the ovary, and not at all clavate.

15. H. attenuata, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 221. Plant
1-1} ft. high. Leaves few, cauline, oblong or linear-oblong, acute,
14-3 in. long, 3-7 lin. broad. Racemes 2 A in. long, somewhat lax.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, ‘acuminate, 4-7 lin, long. Pedicels 3-4 lin.’
long. Flowers green. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, concave, 1}
lin. long; lateral ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 14 lin. long.
Petals entire, broad, ovate, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Lip trilobed; lobes
fleshy ; side lobes linear, obtuse, spreading, 1 lin. long; front lobe
linear-oblong, obtuse, a little longer than the side lobes ; spur 5-6 lin.
long, slender, very slightly thickened in the middle. Stigmatic
processes short, obiong, } lin. long. Anther channel shorter. Ros-
tellum triangular, minute.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 158.

G ot tial Guinea. Cameroons: 7000 ft., Mann, 2118! 8000-10,000 ft., Johnston,

16. H. Spiranthes, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865,178. Plant 9-12 in.
high. Leaves about 3, cauline, linear-oblong, subacute, 14—24 in. long.
Racemes 5 in. long, lax. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,
23-6 lin. long. Pedicels 4—6 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse,
1} lin. long; lateral falcate-oblong, subacute, 2 lin. long. Petals
lanceolate-oblong, subfalcate, 14 lin. long. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear-
filiform ; side lobes 2} lin. long, curved at the apex ; front lobe a little
longer than the side lobes and slightly thickened at the apex; spur 8
lin. long, slender, slightly curved. Stigmatic processes oblong, sub-
obtuse, $ lin. long. Anther channels slender, erect, nearly as long as
the stigmas. Rostellum linear, 4 lin. long—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb.
xvi. 165.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; Pedra Songue and about Catete, in
grassy pastures, Welwitsch, 684 !

17. H. filicornis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 318. Tubers ovate. Stem
1-14 ft. long, 2-leaved. Leaves cauline, very erect, sheathing, oblong-

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 217

linear, obtuse, 4-6 in. long. Racemes lax, many-flowered. Bracts
subulate, as long as the pedicels. Flowers minute, ichneumon-like,
yellowish-green. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, erect ; lateral larger than
the dorsal, retrorse, falcate. Petals simple, falcate, forming a hood
with the dorsal sepal. Lip tripartite; side lobes deflexed, filiform,
obtuse ; front lobe ascending equal to or twice as long as the side lobes ;
-spur filiform, compressed, as long as the pedicel. Stigmatic processes
acute, deflexed. Anther channels short, erect. Capsule oblong.—
. Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 170. Orchis filicornis, Thonn. in Schumach.
Beskr. Guin. Pl. 397.

Upper Guinea. Thonning.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

18. BR. chlorotica, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 178. Plant 15-18 in
high, rather slender. Leaves about 3, narrowly linear, acute, 14-24 in.
long. Racemes 6 in. long, lax, subsecund. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 3—5 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
obtuse, 2 lin. long; lateral falcate-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Petals
falcate, lanceolate, subacute, forming a hood with the dorsal sepal, 2 lin.
long. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear; side lobes 44 lin. long; front lobe
a little longer than the side lobes ; spur 11-13 lin. long, slender, very
slightly thickened above. Stigmatic processes linear-oblong, 3 lin. long.
Anther channel slender, } lin. long. Rostellum linear, 3 lin. long.—
Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 145.

Upper Guinea. Angola: Huilla; amongst bushes in dry sandy places near a
‘large hippopotamus lake, Welwitsch, 125 !

_ 19. H. variabilis, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 294. Plant variable
in all its parts. Tuber 3 in. diam. Stem 1—14 ft. high, stout. Leaves
oblong, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, obtuse, acute or acuminate,
appressed to the stem, 43-5} in. long, }-1} in. broad, decreasing up-
wards and more acute. Racemes dense, ` many-flowered. Bracts
ovate, acute or acuminate. Flowers 1-3 lin. diam. Sepals more or
less papillose inside; dorsal ovate, obtuse; lateral deflexed, oblong,
acute. Petals simple, ovate, obtuse or acute, forming a hood with the
dorsal sepal, more or less papillose inside. Lip trilobed from a cuneate
base; lobes subequal, oblong-obtuse ; side lobes with the outer margin
rounded ; spur filiform, incurved, 7-9 lin. long. Stigmatic processes
compressed, tuberculate-dentate in front. Anther channels a little
shorter.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 144.
_ Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Jan Meda, Schimper, 1292! Debra Tabor,
ao 8500 ft., Schimper, 1265! Mount Guna, 10,000 ft., Schimper, 1304!
A very variable species. Ridley makes two varieties, parviflora and acutifolia. I
am not sure that all the above belong to a single species.

20. H. bracteosa, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 292.
Plant about 1 ft. high. Leaves cauline, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-
lanceolate, acute, 2—4 in. long, 7-13 lin. broad, decreasing upwards.

218 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

Racemes 4-5 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate,
acute, 4-8 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-
oblong, obtuse, minutely pubescent at the apex, 1} lin. long; lateral
oblong, obtuse, 2} lin. long. Petals simple, subobliquely ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 17 lin. long. Lip trilobed from a broad base, 24 lin. long;
lobes oblong, obtuse ; front lobe rather broader than the side lobes ;
spur filiform, {-1 in. long. Stigmatic processes broadly oblong, com-
pressed, obtuse or retuse. Anther channel shorter. Rostellum minute,
obtuse, tooth-like.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 587; Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb, xvi. 159.

Nile Land. Abyssinia : Semen Prov., Schimper, 595! Begemeder ; Mount Guna,
Schimper, 1304!

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Kifinika Volcano, 8800 ft.,
Volkens, 1339!

21. H. distantiflora, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 291. Stem
erect, 18 in. high, usually 2-leaved. Leaves sheathing at the base,
lanceolate, very acute. Spikes elongate, slender; flowers distant.
Bracts oval-lanceolate, very acute, semiconvolute, exceeding the ovary.
Flowers small, sessile, greenish. Dorsal sepal oval, erect, concave,
apiculate, subcarinate, margin ciliolate ; lateral oval-lanceolate, acute.
Petals oval, obtuse, concave, suboblique, ciliate, inappendiculate, 3
little shorter than the sepals. Lip tripartite; side lobes obliquely
oval-lanceolate, acute ; front lobe oval, obtuse, twice as broad as the
side lobes ; spur as long as the pedicel, scarcely inflated ; apex acute.
Stigmatic processes curved upwards, short.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann.
il. 586 ; Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 175.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shire; near Maigouagoua, Quartin-Dillon.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

22. H. deflexa, Hochst. ex Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 146.
Tuber oblong, 6-9 lin. diam. Stem 8-15 in. high, rather slender, with
2-3 cauline leaves. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute oF
acuminate, 1#-34 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, decreasing upwards.
Racemes 3-6 in. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts ovate to lanceolate,
acute, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 44-6 lin. long. Flowers among the
smallest in the genus. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, 1}-2 lin.
long; lateral oblong, subfalcate, obtuse or apiculate, deflexed, 24 lin.
long. Petals obliquely subfalcate—oblong, acute, agglutinated to the
dorsal sepal, 13 lin. long. Lip trilobed; side lobes filiform, obtuse,
2-23 lin. long; front lobe linear, 3 lin. long, rather broader; spu”
filiform, slightly thickened near the apex, 7-8 lin. long. Stigmatic
processes oblong, obtuse, 4—3 lin. long, papillose. Anther channe
slender, as long as the stigmatic processes. Rostellum subulate, A lin.
long.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1991! and
without precise locality, Schimper, 606.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEM (ROLFE). 219

23. H. tridactyla, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 292. Tubers 5-9
lin. diam. Stem 8—12 in. high, squamate at the base. Leaves remote,
oblong, acute, 24-2? in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, the upper decreasing
to the bracts. Racemes elongate, 4-5 in. long. Bracts acuminate,
3-6 lin, long. Pedicels 3-5 lin. long. Flowers among the smallest in
the genus. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 14 lin. long; lateral deflexed,
obovate-oblong, acute, larger than the dorsal sepal. Petals simple,
linear or oblong, acute. Lip trilobed; lobes equal and fleshy ; spur
pendulous, filiform, more than twice as long as the pedicel. Stigmatic
processes glandular, porrect, acute. Anther channels equal, straight.
Rostellum suddenly narrowed from a broad base, as long as the anther.
Staminodes minute, subglobose.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 586 ;
Kriinzl, in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 145.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Abba Gerima, Quartin-Dillon (ex
Richard) ; on Mount Mettgalo, 6700 ft., Schimper, 551 (ex Kränzlin).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Marangu, 5250 ft.,
Volkens, 2320!

24, H. Schinzii, Rolfe. Plant 1-1} ft. high. Tuber oblong,
2-2% in. long. Leaves cauline, numerous, linear, lanceolate, or ovate-
lanceolate, subacute, 13-3} in. long, 3-7 lin. broad. Racemes 4—44 in.
long, lax or somewhat dense, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acute, 6-11 lin. long. Pedicels 10-12 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
subobtuse, cucullate, 5-6 lin. long; lateral elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,
5-6 lin. long. Petals entire, suborbicular-ovate, obtuse, 5-6 lin. long.
Lip trilobed from a short, broad base; side lobes falcate-linear, acute,
1} lin. long ; front lobe linear-filiform, obtuse, rather fleshy, 6 lin. long;
spur 10-13 lin. long, cylindrical below, clavate at the apex. Stigmatic
processes clavate-oblong, 14 lin. long. Anther channels triangular,
acute, nearly as long as the stigmas. Rostellum very broadly triangular,
apiculate, 24 lin. long, the basal angles broad and obtuse, descending in
front of the anther channels.

Lower Guinea. Amboland: Olukonda and Omatope, Schinz, 20!

25. H. epipactidea, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 100. Plant
1-1} ft. high. Tuber elongate-ovate, 14-13 in. long, “ goat-scented.
Stem 11 in. high. Leaves cauline, numerous, dense, ovate, ovate-oblong,
or lanceolate, subacute or acuminate, amplexicaul, 14~3 in. long, 4-9 lin.
broad, keeled. Racemes 4-5 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 5-9 lin. long. Pedicels 6-10 lin. long. Flowers
showy, sepals green, petals and lip white. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong,
obtuse, 43-5 lin. long; lateral oblique, deflexed, much narrower than
the dorsal, lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, 5 lin. long. Petals entire, broadly
ovate, obtuse, 44—5 lin. long. Lip obscurely trilobed ; side lobes reduced
to small, narrow wings near the base, with a short, free, obtuse apex ;
front lobe subspathulate-linear, obtuse, fleshy, 4 lin. long ; spur 11-13 lin.
long, cylindrical below, clavate near the apex. Stigmatic processes
broadly oblong, very short. Anther channels slender, as long as the

220 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

stigmas. Rostellum broadly ovate-triangular, 2 lin. long, basal angles
broad and obtuse, descending in front of the anther channels.—Kränzl.
in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in clayey marshes near the River Monino,
Welwitsch, 735!

A remarkable species nearly allied to the preceding, but differing in the reduced
side lobes of the lip and various other characters.

26. H. procera, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 318. Plant 2 ft. high.
‘Leaves about 5 on the lower part of the stem, spreading, oblong
or lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, the upper decreasing to the bracts.
Racemes about 6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acute, 4—1 in. long. Pedicels 14-2} lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
subobtuse, 5—6 lin. long. Lateral obliquely ovate, subacute, 5-6 lin.
long. Petals ovate-oblong, subobtuse, as long as the sepals. Lip trilobed
from an oblong base ; side lobes linear, acute, 5-7 lin. long ; front lobe
a little broader than the side lobes; spur 3—34 in. long, slender below,
somewhat thickened near the apex. Stigmatic processes subclavate,
14 lin. long. Anther channels slender, curved, as long as the
stigmas. Rostellum triangular, acute—Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1858;
Kränz, in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 164. Orchis procera, Afzel. ex Sw. in

Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. xxi. (1800) 207 (name only); Pers. Syn.
Pl. ii. 506.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; Afzelius (ex Lindley), Loddiges.

This seems very near H. gabonensis, Reich. f., especially in the lip. Only known
to me from the figure, the specimen not having been preserved.

27. H. hircina, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1867, 100. Tuber ovoid,
14 lin. long, “strongly goat-scented.” Stem 11-12 in. high. Leaves
cauline, numerous, dense, oblong-triangular, 3} in. long, 14 lin. broad.
Racemes many-flowered, 3 in. long. Bracts triangular-ovate, acuminate,
6-9 lin. long. Flowers green. Sepals oblong-triangular, subacute,
6 lin. long. Petals ovate, subacute, as long as the sepals. Lip tripar-
tite; side lobes short, tooth-like ; front lobe linear, acute; spur cylin-
drical below, clavate at the apex, 24-23 in. long. Stigmatic pro-
cesses short, thick, retuse. Anther channels ascending. Rostellum

triangular, acuminate, exceeding the anther.—Krinzl. in Engl. J abrb.
xvi. 166.

. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in sandy places with small shrubs and
Gladioli, Welwitsch, 736!

28. H. gabonensis, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, 934. Plant
14-14 ft. high. Leaves about 5, subradical, oblong-lanceolate, acute,
3-4} in. long, 7-10 lin. broad; sheaths about 3, small. Racemes
with 3—4 rather large flowers. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4-6 lin.
long. Pedicels 14 in. long. Flowers white. Dorsal sepal broadly
ovate, obtuse, 4 lin. long; lateral obliquely and broadly semiovate,
44 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, 3} lin. long. Lip tripartite

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 221

from a short broad base; side lobes subulate-acuminate, diverging,
6 lin. long; front lobe linear or subspathulate-linear, 5-6 lin. long;
spur 23-34 in. long, slender below, a little thickened upwards.
Stigmatic processes very short, fleshy, 1 lin. long. Anther channels
slender, ascending, 2 lin. long. Rostellum triangular, subacute, 1 lin.
long.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 159.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon, cultivated specimen, Pescatore, Princes Island,
Quintas, 7!

29. H. eburnea, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 293. Tuber ‘3 in.,”
lanate, Leaves 2, radical, rounded, obtuse or orbicular, spreading, 3 in.
long. Scapes 14 ft. long. Bracts membranous, “ 3—4,” lax, lanceolate,
long acuminate, veined, nearly 1 in. long. Flowers several, rather
large, white. Pedicels with the ovary 2 in. long. Dorsal sepal galeate,
cucullate, lanceolate, acuminate ; lateral reflexed, obliquely obcuneate,
acuminate, 5-nerved, 4 in. long. Petals narrowly linear, erect, simple.
Lip trilobed, base narrow; lobes very narrowly linear, acute or
acuminate, about 1 in. long; spur 3 in. long, filiform, acute, attenuate
towards the apex. Anthers acuminate; pollen yellow, with long
pedicels. Stigmatic processes porrect, rather large.

Upper Guinea. Bornu: Mandara, among bushes, very rare, Vogel!

30. H. Staudtii, Kränzl. MS. Plant tall, the part seen about
1} ft. high, leafy. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile,
acuminate, largest seen 24 in. long, 6 lin. broad, decreasing upwards.
Racemes 4 in. or more long, lax, few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 6—8 lin. long. Pedicels 12-2 in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
obtuse, cucullate, 44 lin. long; lateral very oblique, semiorbicular-
obovate, obtuse, 44 lin. long. Petals subobliquely elliptic-oblong,
obtuse, 4 lin. long. Lip 24 lin. long, linear-oblong at the base, trilobed
above; side lobes filiform-linear, 9 lin. long; front lobe linear, sub-
obtuse, 5 lin. long ; spur 4 in. long, cylindrical, a little stouter above.
Stigmatic processes oblong, stout, 14 lin. long. Anther channels rather
stout, 3 lin. long. Rostellum triangular, acute, 14 lin. long. Staminodes
oblong, obtuse, # lin. long.

Upper Guinea, Cameroons: Yaunde, 2600 ft., Zenker & Staudt, 503!

31. H. Milnei, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 96. Plant “ per-
haps over 2 ft. high.” Leaves cauline, ovate, acute, distant, with 1
lanceolate sheath above them (lower leaves not collected). Racemes
lax, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, apiculate, not 4 as long as the
pedicel. Pedicels over 1 in. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute.
Petals linear-faleate, obtuse, 2-nerved. Lip unguiculate, trifid to 4 from
the base; lobes linear, acute, divaricate ` spur filiform, exceeding the
pedicel. Stigmatic processes terete, uncinate, elongate. Anther channel
slender. Rostellum triangular, small.—Kranzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
147.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon, in woods, Milne.

Only known to me from the original description.

222 CXXXIII, ORCHIDEA (ROLFE). [ Habenaria.

32. H. psiloceras, Welw. ex Reichb. in Flora, 1867, 99. Stem
“2-3 ft. long,” base about 5 lin. diam. Leaves cauline, oblong,
acuminate or acute, 3-54 in. long, 1-1} lin. broad. Racemes rather
lax, 4 in. long. Bracts large, acuminate, 6-12 lin. long. Pedicels
24 in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, carinate; lateral deflexed,
semiovate, acute. Petals simple, acute, base very broadly ovate. Lip
tripartite ; side lobes filiform, acute; front lobe linear, subacute, as
long as the side lobes; spur very long, filiform, 6—64 in. long, apex
slightly thickened. Stigmatic processes elongate, spathulate, excavate.
Anther channels a little shorter than the stigmas.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 165.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; Pedro de Cazella, in shady rock-
fissures, very rare, Welwitsch, 680!

33. H. vaginata, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 269, t. 17,
fig. 2. Plant about 8 in. high. Leaves 2, radical, spreading, broadly
ovate, apiculate, 13-2} in. long; sheaths ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
decreasing upwards. Raceme 2} in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 4—5 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse, 14-2 lin. long; lateral deflexed, sub-
falcate-oblong, subobtuse, 2} lin. long. Petals simple, subfalcate-oblong,
subobtuse, nearly as long as the dorsal sepal. Lip trilobed; lobes
linear-oblong, obtuse, 24-3 lin. long, subequal ; front lobe a little longer
than the side lobes; spur 9-11 lin. long, slender at the base, slightly
thickened above. Stigmatic processes broadly clavate-oblong, ? lin.
long. Anther channels as long as the stigmas. Rostellum oblong,
truncate, ł lin. long.—A. Rich. Tent. PL Abyss. ii. 290; Reichb. f. in
Walp. Ann. iii. 586 ; Kranz]. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 152.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; in the middle mountain region towards
Shoata, Schimper, 1850! Begemeder Prov., 8200 ft., Schimper, 552! and without
precise locality, Schimper, 614! 634! 639!

34. H. engleriana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 68, t. 5, fig. A.
Stem 2 ft. high, strong, densely leafy from the base to the raceme.
Leaves lanceolate, acuminate or acute, decreasing upwards into the
bracts. Racemes distichous, few- to 8-flowered. Bracts oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, 4—2 as long as the pedicels. Dorsal sepal galeate,
acute, 8 lin. long; lateral larger than the dorsal, semiovate, acute,
deflexed, 9 lin. long. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, free from the
dorsal sepal, 8 lin. long. Lip 10 lin. long, basal third entire, linear-
cuneate, then shortly trilobed; side lobes broadly semiovate, outer
margin fimbriate; front lobe linear, obtuse; spur filiform, 41-6 in,
long, slightly curved, apex scarcely thickened. Stigmatic processes
porrect, a little dilated near the apex, about 3 lin. long. Anther
channels shorter than the stigmas, bipartite at the apex. Rostellum
minute, triangular.

Upper Guinea. Togo: Bismarcksburg, Büttner, 692.

Only known to me from the published description and figure.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 223

35. H. tricruris, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, iii. 214. Stem 8-12
in. high, with 1 or 2 open-mouthed sheaths at the base, leafy above,
Leaves 3—4, ovate or ovate-oblong, apiculate, 23-3} in. long, 14-1} in.
broad, the upper close to the raceme. Racemes 5-8-flowered. Bracts
large, leafy, oblong, acute, exceeding the pedicels, 3—1 in. long.
Sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, 5 lin. long. Petals oblong,
connivent with the dorsal sepal, margins minutely ciliolate. Lip
trilobed, puberulous; side lobes pectinate outside, about as long as
the front lobe ; front lobe subspathulate-linear, obtuse, entire, broader
than the side lobes, with an elevated middle line, 6 lin. long; spur
cylindrical, curved, ł in. long. Stigmatic processes very short, globose.
Anther channels porrect, as long as the stigmatic processes. Rostellum
triangular, obtuse, short.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 194. Plat-
anthera tricruris, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 265, t. 16
fig. 1.

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Tigre; Mt. Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon !
Semen; mountain sides between Endjedcap and Shoata, Schimper, 1255! and without
precise locality, Schimper, 623!

36. H. decorata, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 294.
Plant 6-9 in. high. Leaves 3-4, cauline, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-
lanceolate, subacute or acute, 1-3 in. long, 6-11 lin. broad. Racemes
short, 2—7- rarely 1-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1-1} in.
long. Pedicels 3—1 in. long. Dorsal sépal ovate, obtuse, pubescent,
4 lin. long ; lateral suboblique, ovate-oblong, apiculate, 44-5 lin. long.
Petals subobliquely ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 4 lin. long. Lip deeply
trilobed; side lobes divaricate, subfalcate-oblong, 8 lin. long, apex
divided into about 5 filiform segments; front lobe triangular-linear,
subobtuse, 64 lin. long; spur slender, 1-1} in. long. Stigmatic pro-
cesses thick, straight, about 2 lin. long, confluent with the anther cells
and not exceeding them. Rostellum very shortly triangular and obtuse.
Anther cells widely diverging below.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii.
587 ; Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 192.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Semen: Mount Bachit, a little below Endjedcap,
Schimper, 1253! and without precise locality, Schimper, 629! Begemeder; Mount
Guna, 10,000 ft., Schimper, 1306!

37. H. quartiniana, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 271,
t. 17, fig. 4. Plant 1-1} ft. high. Leaves cauline, elliptic-oblong to
oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2-3 in. long, }-1} in. broad. Racemes 3—4
in. long, with few large flowers. Bracts ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate,
leaf-like, 1-1}in. long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal triangular-
ovate, subobtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral semiovate-oblong, subfalcate,
apiculate, 34 lin. long. Petals obliquely semiovate or cordately lobed
on one side, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Lip 6-7 lin. long, deeply trilobed ;
side lobes divided on the outer side into about 9 slender filaments ;
front lobe linear-lanceolate, acuminate; spur cylindrical, 14-1} lin.
long. Column bipartite; arms diverging. Stigmatic process stout,
14 lin, long; stigmas oblique, 1 lin, long. Anthers adnate to the base

224 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [ Habenaria.

of the arms; channels slender, free part 1 lin. long. Rostellum with
the middle lobe obsolete.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 293, t. 86;
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 587; Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 190;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 88, 112.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon,
104! 110! the latter mixed with a Lissochilus in fruit. Semen; mountain sides
towards Shoata, Schimper, 1349! Eritrea: Ginda, near Girsa, 2400 ft., Schwein-
Surth, 442! Mt. Savur, above Filfil, 4900 ft., Schweinfurth, 163.

The stigmatic arms are stouter and shorter than in Richard’s figure.

38. H. anisoptera, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 101. Plant
strong. Stem 18 in. high, densely leafy. Leaves ovate, acute,
amplexicaul, the largest 4ł in. long, 14 in. broad, decreasing upwards
into the bracts. Racemes 4ł in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate,
acuminate, 9-14 lin. long, slightly longer than the flowers. Flowers,
excluding the lip, } in. diam. Dorsal sepal small, triangular ; lateral
very large, oblong, acute. Petals triangular, arcuate, base extended
into an obtuse angle, minutely ciliate, with a pair of nerves outside the
median one. Lip tripartite; lobes 7 lin. long; side lobes linear,
pectinate outside, with 2—9 segments ` front lobe linear, acute; spur
2 in. long. Stigmatic processes large, produced,” retuse.—Kriinzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 192. ;

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Begemeder; Mount Debra Tabor, 8400 ft., Schimper,
1320! .

39. H. macrantha, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 294,
t. 87. Plant 1-2} ft. high. Leaves cauline, ovate to ovate-lanceolate,
acute, 2-6 in. long, 1-12 in. broad. Racemes 3-7 in. long, usually
many-flowered. Bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, leaf-like, 3-14 1m.
long. Pedicels 3-1} in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, apiculate, 10 lin.
long; lateral subobliquely ovate-oblong, apiculate, 10-11 lin. long.
Petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 9 lin. long. Lip
shortly and broadly clawed, trilobed; claw 2} lin. long; lobes 9-11 lin.
long; side lobes with the outer margin broken up into 8-10 fili-
form segments, front lobe linear, subacute ; spur cylindrical, curved,
1ł}-14 lin. long. Column bipartite; arms 3 in. long; stigmatic pro-
cesses with oblique apex. Anther cells widely separated by a broad
connective; caudicles slender, free part 14 lin. long. Rostellum with
middle lobe obsolete.—Reichb. f. in. Walp. Ann. iii. 587 ; Kränz), in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 190 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, ii. App. ii. 88.

Wile Land. Abyssinia; Wodjerat Prov., Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 102! Semen ;
between Endjedcap and Shoata, Schimper, 1256! Begemeder; mountains at pee
Tabor, 8400 ft., Schimper, 1322! and without precise locality, Rüppell, Sehimper,
608! 626!

Also found in Arabia, according to Schweinfurth.

40. H. splendens, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 395. Plant
1-1} ft. high. Leaves cauline, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, 2-4 1m.
long, 1-1} in. broad, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Bracts
ovate, acute, 1-1} in. long. Pedicels 1-11 in. long. Dorsal sepal ,
ovate, subacute, 1 in. long ; lateral subobliquely ovate-oblong, apiculate.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 225

Petals lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, 13 lin. long. Lip narrowly clawed,
trilobed ; claw 5 lin. long ; lobes 1 in. long; side lobes broken up on
the outer edge into 10-12 filiform segments; front lobe linear, sub-
obtuse; spur cylindrical, slightly curved, 14 lin. long. Stigmatic
processes 4 in. long, free part 44 lin. long. Anther cells adnate up to
the middle; caudicles slender, 24 lin. long, free. Rostellum with front
lobe obsolete.—H. aff. H. macranthe, Reichb. f. ex Oliv. in Trans.
Linn. Soe. ser. 2, ii. 349.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Mount Kilimanjaro ; 6000 ft., Johnston !
at Mochi, 4000-5500 ft., and higher slopes above Morang to 10,000 ft., Taylor!
Marangu, 4900 ft., Volkens, 259!

Near H. macrantha, Hochst., but the flowers are larger, the claw of the lip much
narrower and fully twice as long, and the anther cells adnate as far as the middle to
= Seege arms, the free portion of the latter thus being proportionally much
shorter.

41. H. prestans, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 293. Plant 1-1}
ft. high. Leaves cauline, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute or sub-
obtuse, 2—6 in. long, 3-1} in. broad,-decreasing upwards into the
bracts. Racemes 5-6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute.
ł-1 in. long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Flowers yellow-green. Dorsal
sepal ovate, subobtuse or apiculate, 8 lin. long. Petals lanceolate-
oblong, subfaleate, subobtuse, 8 lin. long. Lip narrowly clawed,
trilobed ; claw 4 lin. long; side lobes 11 lin. long, broken up into
about 12 filiform segments on the outside; front lobe linear, subobtuse,
6 lin. long; spur cylindrical, 10 lin. long, slightly thickened above.
Stigmatic arms 6 lin. long, free part 34 lin. long. Anther cells adnate
up to the middle; caudicles slender, free for 24 lin. Rostellum with
the middle lobe obsolete.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, sunny hillsides, 6000-7000 ft.,
Seott-Elliot, 7808 !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands; at the top of Mt,
Zomba, Buchanan, 301! near Blantyre, Last !

Differs from H. splendens, Rendle, in its narrower leaves, smaller flowers, shorter
and not acuminate petals, and much shorter spur.

_ 42. H. Mannii, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn, Soc, vii. 222. Plant 6-12
in. high. Leaves cauline, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2-4} in. long.
Racemes 2- to many-flowered, up to 6 in. long. Bracts 8-12 lin. long.
Pedicels 7—9 lin. long. Flowers green. Dorsal sepal ovate, sub-
obtuse, cucullate, 7 lin. long; lateral oblong or semiovate-oblong,
obtuse, 7 lin. long. Petals oblong, subobtuse, 7 lin. long, forming a
galea with the dorsal sepal. Lip narrowly unguiculate, trilobed ;
unguis 2} lin. long; side lobes spreading, 8-84 lin. long, basal half
filiform, apical half broken up into 8-10 filiform lobes; front lobe
ear, subacute, 7-74 lin. long; spur 7 lin. long, slender below, sub-
clavate near the apex. Column completely bipartite to the base ; arms
diverging, 4 in. long. Anthers adnate to the arms for 3 lin. ; caudicles
slender, free for 1 lin. Stigmatic processes with a stalk ł lin. long
above the anthers, then terminating in a recurved, unilateral, subclavate
VOL. VIL. Q

226 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

lobe, 2 lin. long. Rostellum with front lobe obsolete.—Kränzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 190.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 5000-9000 ft., Mann, 2119! Johnston,
87! Preuss, 892 (ex Kränzlin).

43. H. calva, Rolfe. Tuber ovate-oblong, 8 lin. long, 5 lin. broad.
Leaves 2, basal, horizontal, suborbicular or broadly ovate-orbicular,
14-1? in. long, 1}-2 in. broad. Scapes about 1 ft. high, with numerous
triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, bract-like sheaths. Bracts narrowly
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 5-7 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 24 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate-oblong,
with curved, acuminate apex, 3 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior
lobe falcate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 2 lin. long; anterior lobe falcate-
linear, 1? lin. long. Lip tripartite, with short entire base; lobes
linear ; side lobes 23 lin. long, somewhat divaricate ; front lobe 3} lin.
long; spur clavate, 5-6 lin. long. Stigmatic processes subclavate-
linear, 14 lin. long. Anther channels free from the side lobes of the
rostellum, and each about 14 lin. long; middle lobe of the rostellum
very minute, tooth-like.—H. dregeana, var. calva, Reichb. f. in Flora,
1865, 179. H. dregeana, Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 149, in part
(not Lindl.).

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; between Monino and Lake Ivantala, in
shady woods, very rare, Welwitsch, 732!

44. H. stylites, Reichb. f. d S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1878, 136.
Plant 1}-1} ft. high. Leaves 2, radical, spreading, apparently
appressed to the ground, very broadly ovate-orbicular, obtuse, sessile,
24-3 in. broad. Scapes with several small, lanceolate, acuminate bracts.
Racemes 24—44 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate,
4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 10-12 lin. long. Flowers white with yellow
petals. Dorsal sepal elliptical, subobtuse, cucullate, 44-5 lin. long;
lateral elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 6-64 lin. long. Petals bipartite;
posterior lobe lanceolate, subobtuse, 44 lin. long; anterior lobe linear,
subobtuse, as long as, but only half as broad as, the posterior. Lip
6-7 lin. long, trilobed for three-quarters its length; side lobes lanceo-
late-linear, subobtuse ; front lobe subspathulate-lanceolate, subobtuse ;
spur cylindrical, 14-2in.long. Stigmatic processes clavate-capitate, ? lin.
long. Anther channels slender, 1-1} lin. long. Rostellum triangular,
subulate, 14 lin. long.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 77.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Nyika country, at Duruma, near Mombasa,
Wakefield!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lower slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro,
2000-3000 ft., Johnston !

45. H. Mechowii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 532. Leaves 2-3,
basal, nearly orbicular, acute, 34 in. long, 4} in. broad. Stem 2-3} ft.
long, clothed up to the raceme with large, broadly oval, acute sheaths.
Racemes few- and distant-flowered. Bracts large, oval, acute, 2-24 in.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 227

long, 2-1 in. broad, primary nerves "7 denticulate-serrate.” Flowers
among the largest in the genus. Dorsal sepal large, ovate, acute,
galeate, 10 lin. long; lateral deflexed, oblong, acuminate, 12-14 lin.
long, nerves serrulate. Petals bipartite; lobes linear, much elongated ;
anterior lobe 14 in. long; posterior lobe a little shorter than the
anterior. Lip trilobed; lobes linear, 14 lin. long; side lobes slightly
shorter than the front one; spur 1? in. long, slender, inflated at the
apex. Stigmatic processes porrect, capitate. Anther acute; channels
filiform. Rostellum cucullate at the base; apex linear, acute, nearly as
long as the anthers, margin fimbriate——Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
151.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Quango Region, Mechow, 450,

Only known to me from the published descriptions,

46. H. subarmata, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 98. Plant 14-2
ft. high. Leaves 2, radical, orbicular or broadly ovate-orbicular, obtuse,
flat on the ground, 5-7 in. long. Racemes 5-6 in. long, lax. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, 7—10 lin. long. Pedicels 1}-2 in. long. Dorsal
sepal ovate-elliptical, subacute, cucullate, 4 lin. long; lateral subfalcate-
oblong, as long as the dorsal, with a reflexed, acuminate apex more than
l lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear, as long as the dorsal
sepal and appressed to its margin; anterior lobe filiform-linear, 13 lin.
long. Lip trilobed ; lobes filiform-linear, subequal, 14 lin. long; spur
slender, 3 in. long. Stigmatic processes clavate, slender below, 2} lin.
long. Anther channels dilated below, about 2 lin. long. Rostellum
subulate-filiform, 24 lin. long Kränz), in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 150.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shibisa (Chikwawa),
on the river Shire, Kirk ! near Tete, among bushes, Kirk !

47. H. armatissima, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 98. Tuber
large, over 14 in. long, nearly 1} in. broad. Leaves 2, subopposite,
large, basal very broadly ovate-orbicular, 3}-33 in. long, 4-5 in. broad.
Scapes with 5-6 sheaths, 1-1} ft. high. Bracts ovate, acuminate, 6-9
lin. long. Pedicels 14-12 in. long. Flowers white. Dorsal sepal
ovate, cucullate, acuminate or aristate, 5-6 lin. long; lateral broadly
and obliquely semiovate, very acuminate, 54-6} lin. long. Petals bi-
partite; posterior lobe lanceolate, agglutinated to and as long as the
dorsal sepal; anterior lobe very long, filiform-linear, 1}-1} in. long.
Lip tripartite from a linear base ; side lobes very long, filiform-linear.
1j-2 in. long; front lobe much shorter and a little broader than the
Side lobes ; spur very long, slender, 34-4} in. long. Stigmatic processes
recurved, capitate, 4 lin. long. Anther channels one-half as long as the
stigmas. Rostellum subulate-acuminate, slightly curved, 24 lin. long.
—Krinz] in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 151; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii,
App. ii. 88, 112,

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; on mountains by the Bellagas River, near
Taserotsch, 4000-5000 ft., Schimper, 630! Eritrea: above Gergeret on the road to
Maldi, 1000-1900 ft., Schweinfurth, 162! West of Ailet, 800 ft., Schweinfurth, 161;
near Keren, Steudner, 696 (ex Reichenbach).

228 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). | Habenaria.

48. H. Lugardii, Rolfe. Leaves 2, radical, broadly suborbicular,
6 in. long, 7-8 in. broad, many-nerved. Scapes 20 in. high, bearing a
few lanceolate sheaths; racemes 4 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 3-1} in. long. Pedicels 14-1} in. long. Flower white.
Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6 lin. long; lateral falcately
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 8 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior
lobe falcate-linear, acute, as long as the dorsal sepal and adhering to
its margins ; anterior lobe filiform, resembling the lobes of the lip. Lip
tripartite; lobes filiform, 14 in. long; spur elongate, very slender,
Du in. long. Stigmatic processes clavate, slender below, 3 lin. long.
Anther channels 2 lin. long. Rostellum subulate, acuminate, 2 lin.
long.

Mozamb. Dist. Ngamiland: Botletle Valley, Lugard, 215!

49. H. villosa, Rolfe. Plant 1 ft. high, villous-pubescent, 1-leaved
(2 2-leaved) at the base. Leaf broadly cordate-orbicular, obtuse, 14 in.
broad. Scapes with a few, lanceolate, acuminate sheaths; raceme 3 in.
long, lax. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 34-5 lin.
long. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 34—4 lin.
long. Petals cuneate-oblong, bilobed nearly to the middle, 4 lin, long;
posterior lobe broad and obtuse; anterior lobe half as long and scarcely
a third as broad as the posterior. Lip trilobed from a short entire
base ; side lobes linear-oblong, subobtuse, straight, 3 lin. long ; front lobe
incurved, linear, subobtuse, rather longer than the side lobes, concave
with incurved margins; spur 7-8 lin. long, filiform below, clavate near
the apex. Stigmatic processes clavate-oblong, subsessile, very short.
Anther channels 1 lin. long. Rostellum triangular-oblong, subobtuse,
4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: without precise locality, Hannington!

Remarkable for its pubescent scape and inflorescence, also for the curiously lobed.
petals.

50. H. Lecardii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 150. Tuber globose,
3 in. diam. Leaf cordate-orbicular, hirsute. Scapes 13 in. long, wita
two small sheaths, hirsute to the apex. Racemes about 10-flowered ;,
flowers distant. Bracts very small, ovate, acute, villous, 7 lin. long.
Pedicels 7 lin. long, villous. Sepals 24 lin. long; dorsal very broadly
ovate, obtuse; lateral deflexed, oblong, acute, densely pilose outside.
Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear, falcate, acute, margin very minutely
ciliate; anterior lobe filiform, 3 lin. long, four times as long as the
posterior. Lip tripartite ; side lobes filiform ; front lobe linear, acute,
shorter and broader than the side lobes ; spur very long, filiform ; ape*
scarcely thickened, acute, 3—4 times as long as the ovary, about 3 1m.
long. Stigmatic processes short, broadly capitate. Anther channels
as long as the stigmas, ascending.
or Guinea. Upper Senegal: forest of Mahina, on the Bafing River, Lecard,

Lecard (fide Krdnzlin) remarks that this plant is curious in having only a single
leaf appressed to the soil. I have not seen it,

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 229

51. H. æquatorialis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 391.
Plant rather strong, about 20 in. high. Tuber ovoid, 2 in. long
Radical leaves 2, large, orbicular, 3 in. broad ; cauline sheath-like below
distant, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 1 in. long, bract-like above,
acuminate, decreasing upwards into the flowering bracts. Spikes oval
or oblong, 21 1 in. long. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 7-9 lin. long.
Pedicels $ in. long. Flowers 13 lin. diam. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse
5 lin. long; lateral spreading, obliquely ovate, subacute, broader than
the dorsal, 6 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear-falcate,
acute, 45 lin. long; anterior lobe rather narrower than the posterior
5 lin. long. Lip tripartite ; side lobes linear-filiform, DÄ lin. long;
front lobe broadly linear, subacute, longer than the side lobes; spur
18-20 lin. long, rather slender; apex acute. Stigmatic processes nearly
straight, clavate, 14 lin. long. Anther channels elongate, slightly
longer than the stigmas. Rostellum with a long, acute, triangular
apex, elongate above the rounded anther.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Umyamwezi and the coast,
Taylor !

52. H. macrura, Kriinzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 183.
Plant 14-1} ft. high. Leaves 2, radical, suborbicular, obtuse, 14-24
in. long; sheaths oblong, subobtuse, decreasing upwards, sometimes
with one or two of the lower somewhat leaf-like. Racemes with
3-6 large flowers. Bracts ovate, subacute, 7—12 lin. long. Pedicels
1}-2 in. long. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, cucullate, subobtuse, 54 lin.
long; lateral obliquely semiovate-oblong, subobtuse, 6 lin. long. Petals
bipartite; posterior lobe ovate, subobtuse, 54 lin. long; anterior lobe
obovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, longer than the posterior. Lip trilobed,
from a short entire base; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, 6-7 lin. long;
front lobe a little narrower and longer than the side lobes; spur about
6 in. long, filiform below, slightly thickened above. Stigmatic pro-
cesses clavate, slightly curved, 23 lin. long. Anther channels shorter
than the stigmas. Rostellum triangular-subulate, shorter than the
anthers.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 152.

ee Guinea. Congo: Stanley Pool, Callewaert ! Angola: Malange, Mechow,

53. H. thomana, Deich, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 97. Plant 14-2.
ft. high. Leaves radical, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, attenuate
into a short, sheathing base, 4-10 in. long, 1}-2} in. broad. Racemes
6-12 in. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 7-12 lin. long. Pedicels 7—10 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 21-3 lin. long; lateral subobliquely ovate-
oblong, obtuse, 3-34 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe falcate-
linear, subobtuse, 3 lin. long, appressed to the margin of the dorsal
sepal; anterior lobe triangular-subulate, acute, subfalcate, 3—1 lin. long.
Lip tripartite; side lobes falcate-linear, gradually thickened “upwards
and truncate, 34—4 lin. long; front lobe linear-filiform, 33-4 lin. long;
Spur 6-8 lin. long, slender below, thickened above the middle, thence

230 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE), [Habenaria.

tapering to the apex. Stigmatic processes linear-oblong or clavate,
obtuse, 1-14 lin. long. Anther channels slender, nearly as long as the
stigmas. Rostellum oblong, obtuse, JA lin. long.—Kränzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 110. H. barrina, Ridl. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. v. 202, t. D. fig.
B; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 81.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, 4000 ft., Mann ! between Lagoa Amelia
and San Pedro, 3900 ft., Moller, 7! 95! banks of the river Agua Grande, Quintas, 96!
Krinzlin places H. barrina, Ridl. in a different section of the genus from
H. thomana, Reichb. f., but I am unable to separate them specifically. He also

follows Ridley in transposing the descriptions of the posterior and anterior lobes of the
petals. It is the latter which is the short one.

54. H. malacophylla, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 97. Plants
1-2 ft. high. Tubers 3-1 in. long. Leaves cauline, lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate, acute, attenuate at the base, 3-5 in. long, 8-12 lin.
broad, the lower two or three reduced to sheaths. Racemes 8-9 in.
long, lax. _Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 2—4 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5
lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 2} lin. long; lateral somewhat
oblique, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior
lobe faleate-linear, acute, as long as the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe
filiform, 23 lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes filiform, 24 lin. long ; front
lobe slightly stouter than the side; spur cylindrical, subobtuse,
41 lin. long. Stigmatic processes clavate-oblong, 3 lin. long. Anther
channels nearly as long as the stigmas. Rostellum triangular-subulate,
1 lin. long. Capsule oblong, pedicellate, 4-44 lin. Jong —Krianzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 66 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 87.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Ginda, near Quelle Felachit, 2900-3400 ft., Schwein-
Surth, 2201!

Also found in extra-tropical south-east Africa,

55. H. tentaculigera, Beicht, f. in Flora, 1867, 101. Stem about
16 in. high, 3-4-leaved at the base. Leaves ovate-oblong, subacute,
fleshy, slightly carinate, 2-24 in. long. Racemes lax, 7—-8-flowered.
Bracts ovate, acuminate, a little shorter than the pedicels, 6-9 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal very large, ovate, cucullate-connivent, 5—6 lin. long;
lateral ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-7 lin. long. Petals bipartite; pos-
terior lobe lanceolate-falcate, upright, hidden under the dorsal sepal ;
anterior lobe linear, much longer than the posterior, ł in. or more
long. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear-filiform ; side lobes twice as long a8 the
front ; spur slightly longer than the ovary, curved forwards at first,
then deflexed. Stigmatic processes parallel, broadly linear, more or less
appressed to and as long as the anther channels—Kriinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 71.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; between Ohai and Gambos, in sandy bushy
places, Welwitsch, 716! 7168!

56. H. njamnjamica, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 106. Tuber
nearly round, 5 lin. diam. Stem somewhat flexuous, 20-22 in. long,
squamate at the base. Basal sheaths retuse, those above obtuse

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 231

the uppermost acute, and increasing to the leaves. Leaves small,
3-4, oblong or lanceolate, acute, 12-14 lin. long, 4-5} lin. broad,
appressed to the stem, sheathing, the upper decreasing to the large
bracts. Racemes elongate, 63 in. long. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceo-
late, acute, longer than the flowers, the lower 13-14 lin. long, 3-4
lin. broad. Pedicels 7 lin. long. Flowers medium-sized. Dorsal sepal
broadly oblong, acute, 3-3} lin. long; lateral deflexed, semioblong,
acuminate, 4 lin. long. Petals bipartite ; lobes narrowly linear, falcate,
longer than the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe narrower and longer than
the posterior. Lip tripartite ; lobes very similar to the petal lobes,
44 lin. long; side lobes horizontal and reflexed; front lobe a little
broader and shorter than the side lobes ; spur inflated almost its entire
length, acute, 4 lin. long. Stigmatic processes acute from a stouter
base. Anther channels longer than the stigmas. Rostellum short,
apex almost rectangular.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamuiam, between Gumba and Nganye,
Schweinfurth, 3960.

Only known to me from the original description.

57. H. ceratopetala, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 267,
t. 16, fig. 4. Plant 8-18 in. high. Leaves cauline, elliptical to oblong,
subobtuse or apiculate, generally numerous, 1-4 in. long, #-1} in.
broad, the upper somewhat smaller. Racemes many-flowered, 2-9 in.
long. Bracts elliptic-ovate, subacute, 8-12 lin. long, 4—6 lin. broad.
Pedicels 7-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal 5 lin. long, cucullate, elliptic-
oblong, obtuse; lateral falcate-oblong, apiculate, slightly oblique at the
apex. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear-filiform, 5 lin. long;
anterior lobe 12—14 lin. long, much stouter below, much curved or
circinnate at the apex. Lip tripartite; lobes linear, distinctly attenuate
above, about 5 lin. long; spur 8 lin. long, filiform, strongly clavate
above. Stigmatic processes stout, clavate, truncate, 2 lin. long. Anther
channels slender, slightly longer than the stigmas, curved at the apex.
Rostellum tooth-like, } lin. long—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 295,
t. 88; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 583; Kriinzl.in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 73.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Adowa, Quartin-Dillon (ex Richard). Bege-
meder ; Gerra Abuna Tekla Haimanot, on the river Reb, 7000-8000 ft., Schimper,
1176! without locality, Parkinson !

58. H. antennifera, A. Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 268,
t. 17, fig. 1. Tuber ovate. Stem 10-12 in. long, leafy below, sheathed
above. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, subacute, the upper
ovate, acute, 24-4 in. long, 12-15 lin. broad. Sheaths of scape
ovate, acute, densely arranged. Racemes many-flowered, 34-4} in.
long. Bracts ovate, or ovate-oblong, acute, pilose, 7—9 lin. long;
margin ciliate. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Flowers medium-sized, 2} lin.
long. Dorsal sepal small, oblong-lanceolate, recurved at the apex,
obtuse, ciliate, 13-2 lin. long ; lateral reflexed, semiovate-oblong, acute,
apiculate, 24 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe ligulate, obtuse,
ciliate, as long as the dorsal sepal, appressed to its margin ; anterior lobe

232 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

linear-lanceolate, acuminate, twice as long as the posterior lobe, 34-44
lin. long. Lip 4 lin. long, tripartite; side lobes filiform; front lobe
slightly longer and broader than the side; spur cylindrical below,
clavate above, 4} lin. long. Stigmatic processes dilated above, cochleate,
excavate, 11 lin. long. Anther channel slender, slightly longer than
the stigmas. Rostellum triangular-subulate, 1-1} lin. long.—A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 297; Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 201. H lepto-
brachiata, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 293.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Adowa, Quartin-Dillon (ex Richard). Bege-

meder ; Jan Meda, 8500 ft., on the border of copses, Schimper, 1324, in part! Mount
Guna, 1000 ft., Schimper, 1333!

59. H. cultrata, A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. ii. 297. Tuber oblong,
14 lin. long, 9 lin. broad. Stem strong, 2} ft. high, leafy from the
base to the middle. Leaves 3-5, oblong or elliptical, 10 in. long, 1? in.
broad. Racemes elongate, 7 in. long, dense, many-flowered ; rhachis
sparingly pilose; bracts ovate, acute, longer than the ovary, sparingly
pilose or spinulose-ciliate on the margin, 7—8 lin.long. Flowers medium-
sized. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute, cucullate, keeled at the back, small ;
lateral much larger than the dorsal, oval, laterally apiculate. Petals
bipartite, more or less densely pilose; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate,
minute ; anterior lobe broadly ovate at the base, narrowed, linear and
curved above, more than twice as long as the posterior lobe. Lip
trilobed ; lobes linear-filiform; front lobe twice as long and broad
as the side lobes; spur filiform below, clavate and obtuse above,
7-8 lin. long, shorter than the pedicels. Stigmatic processes slightly
curved, parallel, cylindrical, rather long. Anther channels nearly as
long as the stigmas. Rostellum longer than the anther, acute.—Reichb.
f. in. Walp. Ann. iii. 584; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 88.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; north side of the Semayata Mountain, 8500 ft.,
Schimper, 554.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

60. H. cultriformis, Kränzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr.
181 (name only) ; Krénzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 89, Tuber ovate, 14 lin.
long, 9 lin. broad. Stem 24-23 ft. high, leafy. Leaves 4-5, subdis-
tichous, oblong, acute, plicate, canaliculate, 34 in. long, 8—14 lin. broad,
the upper decreasing to the bracts. Racemes lax, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, shorter than the pedicels. Pedicels 10
lin. long. Flowers conspicuous. Sepals 3}—4 lin. long. Petals bipar-
tite; anterior lobe 5 lin. long, caudate from a rounded base, 14-2 lin.
broad, suddenly contracted into a curved linear process. Lip with the
front lobe truncate at the apex, slightly longer than the spur; spur
8 Dn, Jong, Stigmatic processes deflexed, capitate. Anther channels as
long as the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, rather longer than the
anther.—Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 88.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; mountains at Mettgalo, 6600 ft., Schimper,

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDE# (ROLFE). 233

548; mountains near Amba Sea, 7500 ft., Schimper. Eritrea: Mt. Alamkale, near
Aidereso, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth, 1798.

Only known to me from the original description.

61. H. robusta, Welw. ex Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 102. Stem
4 ft. high, densely foliaceous. Leaves oblong-ovate, acute, 44—94 in.
long, 14-2 in. broad, dense, erect, glaucous. Racemes cylindrical,
many-flowered, 14 ft. long. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, shorter than the
ovary, 8-11 lin. long. Flowers medium-sized. Dorsal sepal reflexed,
oblong, acute, 24 lin. long; lateral much larger than the dorsal,
reflexed, obliquely acute, 34 lin. long. Petals bipartite; lobes ligulate
or lanceolate, acute; anterior lobe sometimes obtuse. Lip simple,
linear, acute ; spur cylindric-filiform, acute, 4 as long as the pedicels.
Stigmatic processes rough or ciliate, 1} lin. long; apex capitate.
Anther channels as long as the stigmas. Rostellum triangular, acute.
—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 75.
. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; Sobato de Quibanga, among brush-
wood, rare and local, Welwitsch, 695!

62. H. Bongensium, Keichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 58. Plant
about 1 ft. high. Tuber “the size of a sparrow’s egg.” Leaves 5-10,
ovate-lanceolate, acute, cauline, 1-2} in. long, 5-6 lin. broad. Scapes
13 in. high; racemes 54 in. long, dense, many-flowered. Bracts lanceo-
late, aristate, 4-6 lin. long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Flowers 5-54
lin. diam. Dorsal sepal elliptical, acute; lateral oblong, acute, tri-
nerved. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, a little
shorter than the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe minute. Lip tripartite ;
lobes lanceolate, acute ; side lobes twice as narrow and short as the
front lobe ; spurs slightly curved, slightly thickened at the apex, rather
longer than the pedicel. Stigmatic processes a little dilated at the
apex. Anthers very broad; channels as long as the stigmas. Ros-
tellum very broad, slightly shorter than the anther.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 109.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Bongo; Ghattas, in swamps among grass,
Schweinfurth, 1974.

Only known tome from the published descriptions, which, however, do not agree in
some details.

63. H. ruwenzoriensis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 280. Plant
stout, about 24 ft. high, leafy below the middle. Leaves elliptic-
oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, sheathing, amplexicaul,
3-44 in. long, 1-14 in. broad, decreasing upwards into the bracts.
hacemes 9 in. long, dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 7—12
lin. long. Pedicels 1-1} in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 3 lin.
long; lateral obliquely and broadly obovate, laterally apiculate, 5 lin.
long. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe broadly ligulate or oblong-

te, suddenly acute at the apex; anterior lobe as long as but
narrower than the posterior, more or less lanceolate, curved, acumi-
nate, 2 lin. long. Lip tripartite; side lobes linear, short; front

234 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

lobe linear, obtuse, 54 lin. long, broader than the side lobes; spur
10-11 lin. long, slender, suddenly inflated at the apex. Stigmatic
processes slender, capitate, 34 lin. long. Anther channels slender,
curved, as long as the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Wimi, 7000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
7923!

Near H. ceratopetala, A. Rich., but it has not the long anterior petal-lobe of that
species,

64. H. insignis, Rolfe. Plant 10-12 in. high, stout. Tubers
ovoid-oblong. Leaves cauline, sheath-like, elliptic-oblong, subacute
or apiculate, concave, 11-2 in. long. Racemes 23-3} in. long, dense.
Bracts ovate, subacute or apiculate, 1-1} in. long. Pedicels 4—3 in.
long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 6 lin. long; lateral falcate-ovate,
acute, 9 lin. long. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe falcate-linear, acute,
as long as the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe linear, acute, half as long
as the posterior. Lip tripartite, velvety; side lobes subspathulate,
subobtuse, 7 lin. long; front lobe subspathulate-oblong, subobtuse, 11
lin. long; spur clavate, 7 lin. long. Stigmatic processes oblong,
truncate, 3 lin. long. Anther channels slender, as long as the stigmas.
Rostellum very shortly triangular, broader than long, obtuse.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, south of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 2! 9!

A most distinct and remarkable species, without any very near allies. There is no
trace of radical leaves on the specimens, which suggests that they may wither before

the spikes appear, for the sheath-like cauline ones seem altogether inadequate for the
support of such a plant,

65. H. simensis, Reich. f. in Linnea, xxii. 859. Tuber ovoid,
3 in. long, 44 lin. broad. Stem 63-15 in. high, leafy at the base.
Leaves 5-6, oblong, acute, 34-3} in. long, 14 lin. broad, minutely
papillose above and on the margin, sheathing below, the upper
decreasing to the bracts. Racemes dense-flowered. Bracts acute oF
acuminate, longer than the pedicels, upper side and margin minutely
papillose. Pedicels about 5 lin. long. Flowers 44 lin. diam. Dorsal
sepal small, oblong, acute, cucullate; lateral deflexed, semiorbicular-
ovate, acute, 24 lin. long and broad. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe
lanceolate, acute, with papillose margin; anterior lobe short, retuse,
bilobed, with minute acute lobes, appressed to the column. Lip
trilobed ; side lobes short, lanceolate, acute ; front lobe long, lanceolate,
obtuse, a little thickened; spur very obtuse, about 4 lin. long.
Stigmatic processes straight; apex dilated and retuse. Anther chan-
nels ascending, a little longer than the stigmas. Staminodes filiform,
curved.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 583; Kränz), in Engl. Jahrb.
xvi. 90.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen Prov., Rüppell, Schimper, 607. Begemeder 5
Jan Meda, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1324, in part.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 235

66. H. pantothrix, Kränzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr.
181 (name only); Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 89. Plant strong, 14
ft. high, leafy near the base, with sheathing bracts above. Leaves
3-4, oblong, acute, 34 in. long, 14 lin. broad, base amply sheathing ;
Sheaths dense, ovate, acute, pellucid. Racemes dense, many-flowered.
Bracts sparsely or densely pilose. Pedicels 7 lin. long. Flowers
medium-sized, more or less densely pilose except the lip and spur.
Dorsal sepal oblong, cucullate, carinate, small; lateral much larger
than the dorsal, reflexed, cucullate, obovate, acute, 21 lin. long and
broad. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe with a very broad rounded
base, irregularly ovate, acute; anterior lobe nearly straight, reduced in
front to a pair of minute, acute teeth, of which the upper is the
larger. Lip clawed, linear, thick, acute; side lobes reduced to
rectangular teeth; spur filiform, clavate, 6 lin. long. Stigmatic
Processes straight, spathulate, obliquely truncate in front. Anther
channels slightly shorter than the stigmas; apex attenuate. Stami-
nodes rounded, tuberculate. Rostellum triangular, acute, a little
longer than the ovary.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper, 1324, in part!

67. H. Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 179. Plant 14-24
ft. high. Leaves about 3, subradical, linear, subobtuse, conduplicate to
the apex, 24-7 in. long. Scapes 1-2} ft. high; sheaths about 5, de-
creasing upwards into the bracts. Racemes lax, 12- to many-flowered,
33-12 in. long. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-8 lin. long.
Pedicels 8-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long; lateral
obliquely obovate-oblong, apiculate, 3 lin. long, about as broad. Petals
bipartite ; posterior lobe linear-filiform, 3 lin. long; anterior lobe
obovate-oblong, subobtuse, 21 lin. long. Lip tripartite; side lobes
oblong, subobtuse, 21 lin. long; front lobe linear, filiform, 54 lin. long ;
Spur 65 lin. long, filiform below, clavate-inflated at the apex. Stigmatic
processes subclavate-linear, straight, 1} lin. long. Anther channels
2 lin. long, curved at the apex. Rostellum triangular, subulate, 1 lin.
long.— Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 68.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; between Lopollo and Humpata, in pastures
near rivers, rather rare, Welwitsch, 721!

68. H. anaphysema," Beicht, f. in Flora, 1867, 101, Tuber
Spherical-ovoid, villous, 5-7 lin. long. Stem slender, 10-12 in. long.
Leaves 4, linear, acuminate, rosulate, 4 in. long, 14 lin. broad; upper
distant, sheath-like. Racemes 2 in. long, about 8-flowered. Bracts
Cuneate-oblong, acuminate, shorter than the pedicels, 2-3 lin. long.

orsal sepal oblong; lateral oblong-ovate, very oblique, laterally
apiculate. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear, short, subulate,
minutely papillose; anterior lobe longer and broader than the pos-
terior, subfaleate, smooth. Lip trilobed ; lobes linear, acuminate; side
lobes shorter than the front; spur cylindrical, inflated and uncinate

236 OXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Habenaria.

at the apex. Stigmatic processes cylindrical. Anther channels longer
than the stigmas.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 81.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; between Humpata and Nene, in wet bushy
pastures, local, Welwitsch, 744!

Remarkable for the inflated spur, which is suddenly curved below the swelling.

69. H. humilior, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 100. Plant 5-10
in. high. Leaves few, cauline, linear-lanceolate, acute, somewhat
recurved, 2—4 in. long. Racemes 2-3 in. long, 3—20-flowered. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, subacuminate, 6-9 lin. long. Pedicels 7—9 lin, long.
Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral obliquely
cuneate-oblong or obovate-oblong, laterally apiculate, 4 lin. long. Petals
bipartite; posterior lobe linear-filiform, curved, 21-24 lin. long ; anterior
lobe oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, with an obscure tooth on either side
below the apex, Al A lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes linear-filiform,
slightly curved ; side lobes 4} lin. long; front lobe 54 lin. long; spur
9-10 lin. long, filiform below, clavate at the apex. Stigmatic processes
clavate, truncate, 13 lin. long. Anther channels slightly longer than
the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, curved, 1 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 79.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Gerra Abuna Tekla, on the River Reb,
8000 ft., Schimper, 1373 !

70. H. martialis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 99. Plant
medium-sized. Leaves not seen. Racemes 4 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, concave, 3 lin. long; lateral
faleate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, as long as the dorsal. Petals
bipartite; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 2} lin. long;
anterior lobe shorter and less acuminate than the posterior. Lip
tripartite ; lobes linear, acute ; side lobes faleately incurved, 1} lin. long;
spur 6} lin. long, filiform below, subclavate near the apex. Stigmatic
processes stout, clavate-capitate, ł lin. long. Anther channels rather
longer than the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, } lin. long.—Kränzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 111.

Mozamb., Dist. (German East Africa: Rovuma River, Kirk!

71. H. ingrata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 279. Plant 14-1} ft.
high, leafy below. Leaves linear, 1} in. or more long, passing inte
acuminate sheaths above. Racemes 4 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, 5-8 lin. long. Pedicels 7—9 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 2} lin. long ; lateral obliquely cuneate
oblong, laterally apiculate, 3 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe
linear-filiform, 2} lin. long ; anterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
3} lin. long. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear; side lobes 3} lin. long ; front
lobe 4 lin. long; spur cylindrical, 10-11 lin. long, slightly thickened
above. Stigmatic processes capitate, 1} lin. long. Anther channels

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 237

slender, scarcely as long as the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, } lin.
long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 9009 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7198,
in part !

72. H. culicifera, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 278. Plant 1-1}
ft. high, with very few leaves below, and a few lax sheaths above.
Leaves linear from a sheathing base, 4—5 in. long, 4 lin. broad. Racemes
2}—3 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-7 lin. long.
Pedicels 7—9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 24 lin. long;
lateral reflexed, obliquely cuneate-oblong, laterally apiculate, 3 lin.
long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear-filiform, 24 lin. long;
anterior lobe linear-lanceolate, 4 lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes
narrowly linear; side lobes 4 lin. long; front lobe 5 lin. long; spur
8 lin. long, slender below, clavate above. Stigmatic processes clavate-
linear, 1} lin. long. Anther channels slender, a little shorter than the
stigmas. Rostellum triangular, subacute, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7854!

73. H. buettneriana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 68. Plant
slender, 20 in. or more high; base not seen. Leaves cauline, lanceolate,
acute, 4}—6 in. long, 14 in. broad, very membranous, the upper decreas-
ing to the bracts. Racemes lax, about 20-flowered, Brdcts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 4—5 lin. long. Pedicels 7-9 lin. long. Flowers
green, among the smallest of the genus. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse,
cucullate, reflexed, 2-21 lin. long; lateral deflexed, as long as but
slightly narrower than the dorsal, suboblique. Petals bipartite from a
simple base ; posterior lobe linear, acute, subfaleate; anterior lobe
half as broad as the posterior. Lip tripartite from an entire base;
lobes subequal, much like the anterior lobe of the petals; spur filiform
below, slightly thickened and acuminate above, 4 in. long. Stigmatic
processes flat, deflexed, excavated below, appressed to the lip, but free.
Anthers bipartite ; channels upright, as long as the stigmas. Rostellum
very minute, triangular.

Upper Guinea. Togo: Bismarckburg, Büttner, 213, 288.

Only known to me from the original description.

74. H. cataphysema, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1867, 101. Stem
12-22 in. high, leafy, Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear, acuminate,
appressed to the stem, 3-6 in. long, 2—4 lin. broad, decreasing upwards.

mes elongate, many-flowered, 3-11 in. long, rather lax. Bracts
ovate, acute, 3-34 lin. long. Pedicels 5 lin. long. Flowers greenish,
Somewhat red in the bud. Dorsal sepal narrowly rhomboid ; lateral
Semiovate, suboblique, reflexed ; apiculus lateral. Petals bipartite ; lobes
inear, acute or acuminate; anterior lobe a little longer than the pos-
terior, Lip tripartite; lobes linear, acute; side lobes shorter than
the front lobe ; spur filiform, inflated at the apex, enclosed within the
bract, about as long as the pedicel. Stigmatic processes straight,

238 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). | Habenaria.

thickened, capitate. Anther channels a little longer than the stigmas.
—Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 76.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; between Lopollo and Ohay, in humid
wooded pastures, Welwitsch, 722! Morro de Monnino, Welwitsch, 743!

75. H. Peltastes, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb., ii. 99. Plant tall.
Stem over 3 ft. high, with two sheaths at the base. Leaves 6-7 on the
lower part of the stem, lanceolate, acuminate, nerved below. Racemes
elongate, lax, many-flowered. Bracts ligulate, apiculate, scarcely half
as long as the pedicellate ovaries. Dorsal sepal ligulate, subacute ;
lateral obliquely obovate, apiculate in the superior angle. Petals
bipartite; posterior lobe lanceolate, 2-nerved ; anterior lobe narrower
than the posterior, short, nerveless. Lip tripartite; lobes lanceolate ;
side lobes semioblong, shorter than the front; spur filiform, clavate,
nearly as long as the pedicels. Stigmatic processes verrucose; apex
peltate, truncate. Anther channels ascending. Rostellum uncinate.
—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 74.

Wile Land, Eritrea: Lalamba, near Keren, Steuduer.

Only known to me from the original description. Reichenbach says that the type
specimen is at Berlin, where, however, Kriinzlin has been unable to find it.

76. H. chirensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 99. Plant over
14 ft. high. Leaves 4, linear-lanceolate, distant, elongate, the upper
decreasing to the bracts. Racemes rather long, lax-flowered. Bracts
lanceolate, shorter than the pedicels. Dorsal sepal oblong; lateral
cuneate-obovate, apiculate on the upper margin. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear; anterior lobe linear-lanceolate, nearly as long as
the posterior. Lip with filiform-subulate, subequal lobes; spur fili-
form, a little broader at the apex, not as long as the pedicels. Anther
channels slender, arcuate. Stigmatic processes produced, straight; `
apex much broader and retuse.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 107.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Shire District, Quartin-Dillon.
Only known to me from the original description.

77. H. Holstii, Kranz. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 246. Plant slender,
about 2 ft. high, base squamate, densely foliate above. Leaves about
10, oblong or lanceolate, more or less acuminate, with large loose
sheaths, the largest 6 in. long, 11-2 in. broad. Racemes 10 in. long,
lax; apex slightly nodding. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, shorter
than the pedicel. Flowers yellowish-green, 1 in. diameter. Dorsal
sepal oblong, obtuse, cucullate; lateral deflexed, ovate, obtuse, sub-
oblique. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe ligulate, obtuse, hidden under
the dorsal sepal ; anterior lobe filiform, porrect, distinctly longer than
the posterior. Lip tripartite, with very narrow equal lobes; spur
filiform, curved, acute, as long as the pedicel, 5 lin. long. Stigmatic
processes laterally compressed. Anther channels ascending, as long as
the stigmas. Rostellum acuminate, much hidden under the anther.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, in forests, Holst, 528.

Only known to me from the original description,

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 239

78. H. polyantha, Kränzl. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 152. Stem
over 3 ft. high, strong, with 4-5 leaves about the middle. Leaves
fairly large, cuneate-oblong or lanceolate, acuminate or acute. Racemes
very long, 80- or more-flowered. Bracts minute, aristate, as long as
the curved pedicel. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, cucullate; lateral
oblong, obtuse, or subacute, deflexed. Petals bipartite, with rounded
sinus; posterior lobe linear-falcate ` anterior lobe filiform, longer than
the posterior. Lip as long as the petals, with filiform lobes ; front
lobe a little longer than the side lobes; spur much curved, fusi-
form, acute from the narrow mouth, a little shorter than the pedicel,
5 lin. long. Column short, broad. Stigmatic processes retuse, but not
dilated. Anther channels ascending, as long as the stigmas. Rostellum
2} lin. long.—Kranzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 19.

Nile Land. British East Africa: region W. of Lake Albert Nyanza, 4200 ft.,
Stuhlmann, 2679.

Only known to me from the description, but said to be allied to H. sochensis,
Reichb. f.

79. P. ndiana, Kendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 393. Plant
22 in. high, with a stout stem, and 5-6 leaves below. Leaves broadly
linear, acute, 5-6 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad, sheathing and amplexicaul
at the base, the upper decreasing to the bracts. Spike 6 in. long,
lax, many-flowered. Bracts oval-lanceolate, acute, the lowest 1 in.
long. Pedicels 13 lin. long. Dorsal sepal oval, 24 lin. long; lateral
reflexed, obliquely subrhomboid, apiculate near the apex. Petals bipar-
tite; posterior lobe filiform-linear, 2 lin. long; anterior lobe linear-
lanceolate, 4 lin. long. Lip tripartite; side lobes linear-lanceolate,
subfaleate, 4 lin. long; front lobe narrowly linear, 44 lin. long; spur
slender, a little broader below, 10 lin. long. Stigmatic process stout,
capitate, 14 lin. long. Anther channels slender, somewhat recurved, a
Ces longer than the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, as long as the
anther.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ndi Mountains, 4400 ft., in Acacia scrub,
Gregory !

80. H. sochensis, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 100. Plant tall,
over 2 ft. high. Lower leaves not seen, upper reduced ones oblong-
linear. Racemes 1 ft. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 6-8 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin. Jong. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, 2} lin. long; lateral obliquely
cuneate-oblong, apiculate near the apex, 4 lin. long. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear-filiform, falcate, 1} lin. long ; anterior lobe lanceo-
late, acute, curved at the apex, 34 lin. long. Lip tripartite ; lobes
linear, subobtuse, subequal, 44 lin. long; spur 9 lin. long, slender
below, slightly thickened above. Stigmatic processes stout, clavate-
capitate, 14 lin. long. Anther channels slender, curved, slightly longer
than the stigmas. Rostellum linear, 1 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 108.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: near Mount Sochi, 3000 ft., Kirk !

240 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). | Habenaria,

81. H. Kilimanjari, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 119. Plant
14 ft. or more high. Radical leaves not seen, a few cauline lanceo-
late-linear, acute, 2-24 in. long. Racemes 6 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-9 lin. long. Pedicels 7—10 lin. long.
Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 3 lin. long; `
lateral oblique, semiovate, subobtuse or apiculate, 34 lin. long. Petals
bipartite ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, subacute ; posterior lobe 24 lin. long ;
anterior lobe a little smaller than the posterior. Lip trilobed; side
lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long; front lobe linear, 4 in. long;
spur 7-8 lin. long, filiform below, subclavate above. Stigmatic pro-
cesses clavate-capitate, stout, 1} lin. long. Anther channels stout,
1? lin. long. Rostellum triangular-subulate, 1} lin. long.—Krinzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 75.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: around Kilimanjaro, New ! Usambara ;
near Maurui, on the Pangani River, Volkens, 2371!

82. H. huillensis, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 179. Plant 2-24 ft.
high. Leaves cauline, linear-lanceolate, acute, 3-6 in. long. Racemes
4-6 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 6-10
lin. long. Pedicels 8-10 lin. long. Flowers white. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 23 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate,
oblong, apiculate, } below the apex. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe
linear-filiform, 24-3 lin. long; anterior lobe 44-5 lin. long, linear-
filiform from a lanceolate base. Lip tripartite; lobes linear; side
lobes 4-5 lin. long; front lobe 5-6 lin. long; spur 10-11 lin. long,
filiform, very slightly thickened towards the apex. Stigmatic processes
capitate-clavate, 2 lin. long. Anther channels slender, as long as the
stigmas, Rostellum narrowly triangular, 3 lin. long.—Kranzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 78.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 437, Huilla ; near Lake Jvantala,
towards Quilongues, Welwitsch, 724! near Catumbo, Welwitsch, 7248! between
Monino and Ivantala, Welwitsch, 724c! Huilla, Antunes, 14!

83. H. ichneumonea, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 313. Plant 3-1} ft.
high. Leaves cauline, linear, acute, 2-3 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad.
Racemes 2—4 in. long, very lax. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 3—4 lin. long.
Pedicels slender, 9-10 lin. Iong. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, sub-
obtuse, 1ł lin. long; lateral obliquely suborbicular-obovate, strongly
apiculate, about the middle, 2-21 lin. long. Petals bipartite, posterior
lobe falcate-linear, acute, 1} lin. long; anterior lobe fleshy, falcate-
linear, subobtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes linear, 24-3 lin.
long; spur 5 lin. long, filiform below, apex subclavate. Stigmatic
processes clavate, 2 lin. long. Anther channels slender, as long as the
stigmas. Rostellum subulate, 3 lin. long.—Orchis ichnewmonea, SW. 0
=e sier? Handl. Stockh. xxi. (1800) 207 (name only); Pers. Syn-

. D. 506.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; without precise locality, Afzelius !?

Habenaria.| CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 241

84. H. confusa, Rolfe. Plant 14—24 ft. high. Leaves 3-4, on
the lower part of the stem, lanceolate-linear, subacute, 3-6 in. long,
3-4 lin. broad. Racemes 5 in. long, lax. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
subacute, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 6-8 lin. long. Flowers green.
Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 24 lin. long; lateral obliquely
cuneate-obovate, apiculate above the middle, 34 lin. long. Petals bipar-
tite; posterior lobe linear, subobtuse, 2 lin. long ; anterior lobe lanceo-
late, acuminate, 44 lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes linear; side lobes
curved at the apex, 3} lin. long; front lobe stouter than and nearly
twice as long as the side lobes; spur 4-6 lin. long, clavate with a
narrow base. Stigmatic processes clavate, 2 lin. long. Anther channels
slender, 24 lin. long. Rostellum subulate, 1—14 lin. long; apex re-
curved.—/. ichneumonea, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 179 (not Lindl.) ;
Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 136.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sibange Farm, Soyaur, 346! Angola: Pungo
Adongo; near the River Pedra de Sougue, in fissures of rocks, Welwitsch, 681!

A more robust plant than H. ichneumonea, Lindl., with which it has been confused ;

the leaves broader, the flowers much larger, and the spur much more strongly
clavate. ;

85. H. Vogelii, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 295. Tubers 2,
rather large, globose, pedicelled, 7-11 lin. long. Plant strict, erect,
1j-21 ft. high. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, strict, acuminate, 6-7 in.
long, 4 in. broad, remote. Racemes lax, 6-10 in. long. Flowers
many, pedicelled, nearly white. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 4—6 lin. long.
Pedicels 7-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal erect, short, lanceolate, cucullate ;
lateral reflexed, as long as the ovary, obcuneate, oblique, , obtuse ;
apex slightly hooked. Petals bifid ; lobes short, linear-lanceolate, acumi-
nate; posterior lobe slightly longer than the anterior. Lip trilobed,
short, scarcely as long as the stigmas; lobes narrowly linear, obtuse ;
front lobe a little longer and broader than the side lobes; spur
pendulous, scarcely longer than the ovary, 4 in. long, cylindrical,
filiform, truncate, obtuse, scarcely clavate. Stigmatic processes 4—5
lin. long, porrect ; apex clavate-incrassate, truncate. Anther channels
Short, narrow from a broader base Kränz), in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 65.

Upper Guinea. Bornu; Mandara Dist., in a marshy mountain meadow near
Mora, South of Lake Chad, Vogel, 40!

86. H. schimperiana, Hochst. ex A. Rich.“Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.
295. Plant about 14 ft. high. Leaves cauline, linear or oblong-linear,
acute, 3-6 in. long. Racemes 6 in. long, lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
subacuminate, 7-9 lin. long. Pedicels 10-18 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 24-4 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate-
oblong, apiculate above the middle, 3}-5 lin. long. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear-filiform, 24-34 lin. long; anterior lobe subulate-
linear, a little broader, 5-9 lin. long. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear-
filiform, 41-7 lin. long; front lobe rather longer and broader than the
Side lobes; spur 7 lin. long, filiform below, clavate above. Stigmatic
processes clavate-capitate, 24-3} lin. long. Anther channels a

VOL. VII.

242 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). | Habenaria.

as long as the stigmas. Rostellum triangular-subulate, curved, 14 lin.
long.—Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 583; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
87. H. anomala, Lindl. ex Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 206.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shire prov., Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 106! Semen ; near
Jenausa, Schimper (ex A. Richard). Tigre; near Jomara, Schimper, 1210! and
without precise locality, Plowden ! Schimper, 1378! Schimper, 703 !

H. anomala, Lindl., which Kranzlin refers to a distinct section of the genus, is simply
an abnormal peloriate state of this species, The original specimen hasa trilobed dorsal
sepal and a simple lip, which suggests a displacement of the parts. The petals also are
broad and very shortly bilobed. A second specimen in Sir William Hooker’s
Herbarium, authenticated by Lindley, is in an intermediate state. Krinzlin’s section,
Anomale, therefore falls to the ground.

87. H., genuflexa, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 279. Plant 1} ft.
high, with several leaves below. Leaves lanceolate, acute, amplexicaul,
the uppermost decreasing into the bracts, basal leaves not seen. Racemes
10 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-10 lin.
long. Pedicels 8-14 lin. long. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse,
34 lin. long; lateral obliquely and broadly obovate, laterally apiculate,
4 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe subulate, 3} lin. long;
anterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acuminate, subfalcate, 74 lin. long.
Lip tripartite ; lobes linear ; side lobes 44 lin. long; front lobe 6 lin.
long, rather broader than the side lobes; spur 44 lin. long, inflated
above, spirally twisted below the inflated part, bent at right angles
below the middle. Stigmatic processes slender, capitate, 3 lin. long.
Anther channels curved, slender, about as long as the stigmas.
Rostellum subulate, 1 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: East side of Ruwenzori, at Wimi, 7000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 7922 !

Near H. schimperiana, Hochst., but distinguished by its sharply geniculate spur,
in which character it recalls H. anaphysema, Reichb. f.

88. H. Thomsoni, Reichb. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 40+.
Plant 9—15 in. high. Leaves basal, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 2-4 1m.
long, the upper reduced to acute sheaths. Racemes rather dense,
2-34 in. long. Bracts oblong, acute, as long as the pedicels, margm
and disc muriculate outside. Pedicels 7-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral very oblique, obtuse,
strongly apiculate above the middle, 4 lin. long. Petals bipartite;
posterior lobe linear, muriculate, as long as the dorsal sepal ; anterior
lobe obliquely lanceolate, rather longer than the posterior; margi?
minutely muriculate. Lip tripartite; side lobes lanceolate, acute, 4
lin. long ; front lobe linear-filiform, somewhat curved in front, 54 lin.
long; spur 5 lin. long, cylindrical at the base, clavate above, apiculate.
Stigmatic processes clavate, 2 lin. long. Anther channels subulate,
curved at the apex, longer than the stigmas. Rostellum triangular-
subulate, 1 lin. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Lykipia Plateau, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson !

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 243

89. H. lykipiensis, Rolfe. Plant 14-14 ft. high, stout. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 in. long. Racemes 4-5 in. long,
dense, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 6-9 lin.
long. Pedicels 9-11 lin. long. Dorsal sepal broadly elliptical, obtuse,
4 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate-obovate, strongly apiculate near
the apex, 5 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear-filiform,
acute, 3 lin. long; anterior lobe narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 54
lin. iong. Lip tripartite ; lobes linear-filiform, acute, subequal, 54 lin.
long; spur 9 lin. long, cylindrical below, subclavate near the apex.
Stigmatic processes clavate, 3 lin. long. Anther channels linear-
filiform, sharply curved near the apex, rather longer than the stigmas.
Rostellum triangular-subulate, 1 lin. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Lykipia Plateau, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson !

Nearly allied to the preceding, but a more robust plant with larger flowers and
more elongated floral segments.

90. H. ridleyana, Kränzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 179
(name only); Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 65. Tuber oblong. Stem about
23 ft. long, stout, often somewhat pilose, with scales at the very base,
then leafy, sparingly squamate above. Leaves oblong, obtuse, the upper
acute, 8-10 in. long, 2-21 in. broad; sheaths oblong, acuminate,
scarious. Racemes many-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, acute, as
long as the ovary. Flowers medium-sized. Dorsal sepal small, oblong,
acute, keeled behind; lateral much larger, obliquely cuneate-obovate,
laterally apiculate, 3 lin. long, 2 lin. broad. Petals bipartite; lobes
tooth-like, acute; anterior lobe smaller than the posterior. Lip un-
guiculate, nearly simple, linear, 5 lin. long; margin thick, in-
curved ; base slightly dilated by minute teeth ; spur as long as the lip,
recurved, filiform, with inflated apex. Stigmatic processes straight,
deflexed, capitate, marginate in front. Anther channels attenuate,
scarcely as long as the stigmas. Rostellum narrowly filiform from a
ao base, longer than the anther. Staminodes falcate-oblong,
obtuse.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Schimper,
Only known to me from the original description,

91. H. hochstetteriana, Kriinzl. ex Engl. Hochgeb. FI. Trop. Afr.
180. Plant 10-15 in. high. Leaves cauline, linear, subobtuse, 3—6 in.
long, 23-4 lin. broad. Racemes lax, 24-44 in. long. Bracts ovate-

ceolate, acuminate, 5-7 lin. long, 2—24 lin. broad. Pedicels 9-10 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, 2} lin. long; lateral
obliquely cuneate-obovate, apiculate 4 below the apex, 34 lin. long,
1} lin. broad. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear, acute, 2 lin. long ;
anterior lobe lanceolate, acuminate, 4 lin. long, 2 lin. broad. Lip
tripartite; lobes linear; side lobes 4 lin. long; front lobe 5 lin. long;
Spur ł in. long, filiform below. Stigmatic processes clavate, truncate,
stout, 2 lin. long, fusiform-clavate at the apex. Anther channels
slightly longer than the stigmas, curved at the apex. Rostellum

2

triangular, subulate, 2 lin. long.—Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 73.

244 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

H. replicata, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 296 (not A. Rich.);
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 584.
Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon,

about Adowa, Schimper. Mountains near Jelajeranne, on the fTacazze River,
Schimper, 1645!

92. H. pedicellaris, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 100. Plant
about 14 ft. high. Leaves cauline, few, linear-lanceolate, acute, 3-5}
in. long, 24-34 lin. broad. Racemes 4—5 in, long. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 8-9 lin. long. Pedicels 9-11 lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, 24 lin. long; lateral obliquely obovate-
oblong, apiculate at the upper angle, 34 lin. long. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear-filiform, 24 lin. long; anterior lobe 4—44 lin. long,
stouter and broader at the base. Lip tripartite; lobes linear-filiform,
4 lin. long, subequal; spur 9-10 lin. long, filiform, acute, slightly
thickened and curved near the apex. Stigmatic processes clavate,
apiculate, 2 lin. long. Anther channels slender above, as long as the
stigmas. Rostellum subulate, incurved, 1 lin. long—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 78; Kränzl. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 152.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Dembia Plain, North of Lake Tana, 5800 ft., Schimper,
1369!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Marangu, 5000 ft.,
Volkens, 2321!

Very nearly allied to the preceding species, though placed in a different section by
Kranzlin.

93. H. ranicolorata, Reichb. f. ex Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser.
2, ii. 350 (name only, “ raricolorata,” by error). Plant tall, base and leaves
not seen. Raceme 6 in. long, somewhat lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 8-11 lin. long, somewhat pubescent. Pedicels 8—10 lin. long.
Flowers green. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long; lateral
oblique, obovate-oblong, apiculate in the upper angle, 44 lin. long.
Petals bipartite, muriculate ; posterior lobe falcate-linear, acute, as long
as the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe lanceolate, acute, 4—5 lin. long. Lip
tripartite ; lobes linear, acute, somewhat broader below, longer than the
anterior lobe of the petals; spur 8-9 lin. long, cylindrical, subclavate
near the apex. Stigmatic processes 3 lin. long, stout, truncately sub-
capitate. Anther channels slender, longer than the stigmas. Rostellum
triangular-subulate, somewhat recurved, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 7000 ft., Johnston, 159!

The specimen is imperfect and the flowers in poor condition.

94. H. nyikana, Reichd. f. in Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 100. Plant
1}-2} ft. high. Leaves cauline, oblong-linear, subattenuate, subobtuse,
3-6 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, the upper becoming less in size. Racemes
many-flowered, 7-10 in. long. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 10-12 lin.
long. Pedicels 10-12 lin. long. Flowers green. Dorsal sepal oblong,
subobtuse, 3 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate-obcordate, apiculate
on the side, 4 lin. long, 24 lin. broad. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 245

linear, curved, 2} lin. long; anterior lobe broader than and about twice
as long as the posterior. Lip tripartite; lobes linear, about 6 lin.
long ; spur 1 lin. long, filiform, with a broadly clavate apex. Stigmatic
processes 3 lin. long, with a clavate-capitate apex. Anther channels
slightly curved, as long as the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, 1 lin. long.
Capsules narrowly oblong, 2 in. long, pedicelled.—Kriinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 72.

Mozamb, Dist. Portuguese East Africa: mouth of the Zambesi River, Kirk !
Nyika Island, Kirk, drawing, 43!

95. H. altior, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 394. Plant 15 in.
high, stem leafy below the middle, Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute,
amplexicaul, 24-3 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, the upper decreasing to the
bracts. Spikes somewhat ovate, rather densely flowered, 3 in. long.
Bracts oval, acuminate, sparsely ciliolate, the lower 10-11 lin. long.
Pedicels 1 in. long, slightly verrucose. Flowers medium-sized. Dorsal
sepal oval, with a narrow base, and thickened, spathulate apex, 3 lin.
long; lateral very obliquely obovate, 4 lin. long ; apex a little thickened.
Petals bipartite, margin and upper face hispidulous; posterior lobe
filiform, 34 lin. long; anterior lobe lanceolate-subulate, 6 lin. long.
Lip tripartite, linear; side lobes subacute, 6 lin. long ; front lobe obtuse,
7 lin. long; spur 3 in. long, slightly dilated above the middle, where it
is somewhat twisted. Stigmatic processes long, straight, thickened,
capitate, 24 lin. long. Anther channels slender, curved above, nearly
as long as the stigmas. Rostellum narrowly triangular, obtuse, as long
as the anther cells. Staminodes bilobed.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: higher slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro,
above Morang, 10,000 ft., Taylor !

Near H. schimperiana. Hochst., but the flower-spike is short and dense, and the
bracts larger, broader, and ciliolate.

96. H. plectromaniaca, Reichb. f. & S. Moore in Journ. Bot.
1878, 136 (plectomaniaca, by error). Plant 2-3 ft. high. Leaves
cauline, linear or oblong-linear, acute, 5-9 in. long. Racemes 6-12
in. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolace,
acuminate, 8-12 lin. long. Pedicels 14-1} lin. long. Dorsal sepal
elliptic-lanceolate, subobtuse, 4 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate-
oblong, apiculate slightly above the middle, 6 lin. long. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear-filiform, 34 lin. long; anterior lobe lanceolate, sub-
obtuse, 44 lin. long. Lip tripartite; lobes linear ; side lobes about 6
lin. long ; front lobe 84-9 lin. long; spur 1ł in. long, slender below,
subclavate near the apex. Stigmatic processes 4 lin. long, slender, with
a clavate-capitate apex. Anther channels slender, as long as the stigmas.
Rostellum narrowly subulate, 14 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb,
xvi. 87.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Nyika Country, near Mombasa, Wakefield ?

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; Amboni, on the Sigi River,
Holst, 28184!

246 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). [Habenaria.

97. H. decaptera, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 531. Plant stout.
Stem 20-24 in. high. Leaves appressed to the scape, long sheathing,
firm, pilose, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 34-6 in. long, the upper
decreasing to the bracts. Racemes dense, many-flowered. Bracts long,
lanceolate, acuminate or aristate, pellucid, scarious, 2 as long as the
pedicels. Pedicels as long as or shorter than the spur. Flowers white,
8 lin. diam. Dorsal sepal oblong, cuneate, concave, acute; lateral
cuneate, rounded in front, apiculate on the posterior margin. Petals
bipartite ; lobes obtuse; anterior lobe a little larger than the posterior.
Lip trilobed; lobes oblong-lanceolate ; side lobes acute, otherwise
like the petal lobes, a little smaller than the front lobe ; spur filiform,
straight, 1-1} in. long; apex thickened. Stigmatic processes cochleate,
truncate in front. Anther channels } longer than the stigmas. Ros-
tellum linear, small, concealed under the anther.—Krinzl. in Engl.
Jahrb. xvi. 90.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, Rausch, 438.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

98. H. occultans, Welw. ex Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 178. Plant
14-2 ft. high. Leaves cauline, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 2—4 in.
long, decreasing upwards. Racemes 4—5 in. long, with five to eight
large flowers. Bracts leaf-like, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 13-2 1n.
long. Pedicels 24-3 in. long. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, cucullate,
subacute, 7-8 lin. long; lateral deflexed, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
7-8 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe faleate-oblong, subacute,
53-6 lin. long, erect, partly hidden within the dorsal sepal; anterior
lobe obliquely triangular, acuminate, 2 lin. long. Lip tripartite; side
lobes cuneate-linear, 9-10 lin. long, apical half broken up into 8-9,
unequal filaments; front lobe linear-lanceolate, entire, 10 lin. long ;
spur 5-54 lin. long, slender, slightly thickened above the middle, often
descending into the bracts. Stigmatic processes stout, obliquely capitate,
2 lin. long. Anther channels free from the side lobes of the rostellum,
linear, 2} lin. long. Rostellum with subulate, incurved side lobes, which
are hooked near the apex and 3} lin. long ; front lobe linear, obtuse, 1;
lin. long.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 93.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; swamps near the river Humpata, and near
Lopolla, Welwitsch, 737! and without precise locality, Antunes, 15! :

A remarkable species. Neither Reichenbach nor Kriinzlin correctly describe the
petals, and the latter makes no mention of the remarkable side lobes of the rostellum.

99. H. Soyauxii, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 93. Tuber ovoid.
Plant strong, 20-28 in. high. Leaves bract-like, sheathing, many-
nerved, oblong, subacute, 2-4 in. long, 7-12 lin. broad, decreasing
upwards into the bracts. Racemes lax, remotely few-flowered. Pedicels
3 in. long. Flowers among the largest of the genus, 14 in. long, } in-
broad, sepals green, petals and lip white. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute,
cucullate ; lateral deflexed, oval, suboblique, acute, pilose. Petals
bipartite; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acute, nearly as long as the
dorsal sepal and hidden within it: anterior lobe petaloid, lanceolate,

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 247

deflexed, 1 in. long, 24 lin. broad. Lip tripartite ; side lobes as long as
the anterior lobe of the petals; front lobe slightly smaller than the side
lobes ; spur 6-6} in. long, filiform, descending not into its own bract
but into the third or fourth below. Stigmatic processes fleshy, clavate
near the apex, cochleate, excavate. Anther channels uncinate. Stami-
nodes conspicuous, bi-tripartite. Rostellum narrow, acute, cucullate.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Kitamba, on marshy lowlands, Soyauz.

Only known to me from the original description.

100. H. zenkeriana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 247. Plant very
stout, 4 ft. or more long, 2 in. thick at the base. Leaves broadly ovate-
oblong, obtuse, 4-44 in. long, 2} in. broad, decreasing into the bracts.
Racemes lax. Bracts large. Pedicels 21-3 in. long. Flowers yellow-
green, with a white lip. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute ; lateral deflexed,
obovate-cuneate, acute, revolute after flowering. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe triangular, acuminate, hidden in the dorsal sepal; anterior
lobe 4 larger than the posterior, linear, very acuminate, 2 in. long.
Lip trilobed or tripartite ; lobes very narrowly linear, subequal, 14 lin.
long; spur filiform, 6-64 in. long; apex scarcely inflated. Stigmatic
processes very strict. Anther channels a little shorter than the stigmas ;
gland very large ; all a little shorter than the lip.

eer Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, in marshy places on the plains, Zenker,

Only known to me from the original description, which was prepared from a

drawing,

101. H. Walleri, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 98. Plant tall.
Lower leaves not seen; upper reduced, oblong-linear. Racemes with
about four large flowers. Bracts ovate or elliptic-ovate, shortly
acuminate, 14-1} in. long. Pedicels 3-4 in. long. Flowers white.
Dorsal sepal ovate, cucullate, obtuse, 6 lin. long; lateral subobliquely
elliptic-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 8 lin. long. Petals bipartite ;
posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, appressed to the margin of
the dorsal sepal, 6 lin. long ; anterior lobe oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse,
6-7 lin. long. Lip trilobed ; lobes linear-oblong, subobtuse ; side lobes
l in. long ; front lobe a little shorter than the side lobes; spur 3-4 in.
long, slender, thickened near the apex, which is generally concealed
Within the bract. Stigmatic processes 44-5 lin. long, dilated and
slightly recurved at the apex. Anther channels very stout, shorter by
l lin. than the stigmas. Rostellum triangular, acute, 2 lin. long.—
Kranzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 92.

_,Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa; Nyasaland; at the foot of Mt. Mlanje,
Kirk! Shire Highlands, near Blantyre, Last !

102. H. perbella, Reichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 98. Tuber
ovate. Stem 20 in. high, leafy below, sheathed above. Leaves oblong,
acute, 4—42 in. long, 1 in. broad, reduced to ovate, acute, ample sheaths
above. Bracts large, foliaceous, not half as long as the pedicels.
Pedicels 2} lin. long. Flowers 12-15 lin. diam. Dorsal sepal cucul-

248 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [ Habenaria.

late, ovate, acute, 5 lin. long ; lateral deflexed, falcate, oblong, acute,
7 lin. long. Petals bipartite; lobes erect; posterior lobe: ovate-
triangular, acuminate ; anterior lobe lanceolate, falcate, acute. Lip
deeply trilobed; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 8 lin. long; front lobe
slightly longer than the side lobes; spur filiform, very long, twice as
long as the pedicel. Stigmatic processes straight, cochleate, excavate
in front. Anther channels a little shorter than the stigmas. Stami-
nodes large, bilobed; posterior lobe rounded; front lobe acute.—
Kranz]. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 92. H. oligantha, Hochst. ex Kränzl.
Le 92,

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Schimper, 592.

Only known to me from the published descriptions.

103. H. cirrhata, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 180. Tuber oblong,
2 in. long, rather more than 1 in. broad. Stem about 2~3} in. high.
Leaves 4—5, rounded or nearly orbicular, obtuse, 2-34 in. long, 24 in.
broad. Racemes few-flowered. Bracts oblong, acute, convolute, 14-2
in, long. Flowers large, white, scented like vanilla. Dorsal sepal
oblong, acute or subobtuse, about 7 lin. long ; lateral deflexed, oblong,
obtuse, convolute, 9 lin. long. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe linear,
l in. long ; anterior lobe broader than the posterior, filiform, arcuate,
34-4 in. long. Lip tripartite; lobes filiform; side lobes 1 in. long;
front lobe 14 lin. long; spur 5-8 in. long, filiform. Stigmatic pro-
cesses very broadly capitate, upright, 7 lin. long. Anthers straight,
thick, scarcely half as long as the dorsal sepal ; channels 7 lin. long.—
Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 69; Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 58.
Bonatea cirrhata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 327. Habenaria Schwein-
Surthii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 58.

Nile Land. Galabat; Matamma, among bushes, Schweinfurth, 2458. British
East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, among dense shrubs, Schweinfurth, 2023. Nyika
Country near Mombasa, Wakefield (ex Reichenbach).

Also found in Madagascar. I have not seen Tropical African specimens.

104. H. longistigma, Rolfe. Plant tall, base and leaves not
seen. Raceme lax, about 6-fiowered. Bracts narrowly lanceolate,
acuminate, 14-13 in. long. Pedicels slender, 24-2} in. long. Dorsal
sepal lanceolate, acute, cucullate, 10 lin. long ; lateral oblique, narrowly
cuneate-obovate, falcately apiculate near the apex, 11 lin. long, margins
strongly revolute. Petals bipartite; lobes filiform, recurved at the
apex, anterior 10-11 lin. long, posterior 2 in. long. Lip tripar-
tite, lobes filiform, somewhat curved, side lobes 1} in. long, front lobe
stouter and rather longer; spur 34 in. long, filiform below, sub-
clavately inflated above. Stigmatic processes 9 lin. long, filiform,
capitate. Anther channels slender, as long as the stigmas. Rostellum
subulate, 3 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: without precise locality, Hannington!
105. H. rhopalostigma, Folfe. Plant tall; upper part of stem

1 ft. long, with 2-3 bract-like sheaths, base not seen. Racemes sub-
corymbose, 2-4-flowered. Bracts ovate, shortly acuminate, 10-14 lin.

Habenaria. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 249

long. Pedicels 13-2} in. long. Flowers large. Dorsal sepal ovate,
acute, 8-lin. long; lateral oblong, cuneate-obovate, laterally apiculate,
9-10 lin. long. Petals bipartite, posterior lobe narrowly falcate-linear,
as long as the dorsal sepal, appressed to its margin forming a galea ;
anterior lobe filiform, similar to the side lobes of the lip, 24 in. long.
Lip tripartite; side lobes filiform, 21-2} in. long; front lobe a little
stouter above, 1} in. long; spur cylindrical, 5 in. long. Stigmatic pro-
cesses clavate, 8 lin. long. Anther channels slender, 8 lin. long.
poem subulate, 34 lin. long. Staminodes triangular, acute, 1 lin.
ong.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, South of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 31!

106. H. Holubii, Rolfe. Plant tall, base not seen. Upper
leaves ovate-oblong, subacute, somewhat sheathing below, 2-3 in. long.
Racemes lax, 3-8-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, acute, 3—14 in. long.
Pedicels 2-21 in. long. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, acute, 8 lin.
long; lateral oblique, faleate-obovate from a cuneate base, apiculate,
10-11 lin. long. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe filiform, as long as
the dorsal sepal and adhering to its margin; anterior lobe falcate-
linear, regularly attenuate upwards and acuminate, 1} in. long. Lip
tripartite ; side lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4 lin. long ; front lobe
linear-filiform, acute, 1-1} in. long; spur 3 in. long, slender below,
clavate at the apex. Stigmatic processes 8-7 lin. long, slender, capitate.
Anther channels slender, nearly as long as the stigmas. Rostellum
triangular-subulate, acute, 2} lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Leshumo Valley, near the Zambesi, Holub, 446!
447! 599!

107. H. ecaudata, Krénzl. in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 152. Plant
very large and tall, the part seen over 2 ft. high. Leaves ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 5 in. long, 2 in. broad, decreasing upwards into the bracts.
Racemes about 7-flowered. Bracts oblong, acuminate, 4—2 as long as
the ovary. Flowers among the largest of the genus. Dorsal sepal
cucullate, acute; lateral oblique, longer than the dorsal, cuneate,
laterally apiculate; base united with the base of the lip and the
stigmatic processes. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe linear, as long as
the dorsal sepal and strongly agglutinated with it; anterior lobe very
narrowly linear, more than twice as long as the posterior, recurved
like a horn. Lip tripartite from an entire, linear base ; lobes linear ;
side lobes very long, as long as the anterior lobe of the petals; front
lobe one-third shorter than and twice as broad as the side lobes ` spur
entirely absent. Stigmatic processes cochleate at the apex. Anthers
very tall, acute ; channels very long, straight, as long as the stigmas.
Rostellum serrulate in front; apex produced into a flattened minutely
tuberculate limb.—Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 19.

_ Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara; hilly country, near Mtondwe,
- Ina damp valley, Stuhlmann, 8282.

Remarkable for the absence of a spur, also in the shape of the rostellum, but said

to be allied to H. cirrhata, Reichb. f. I have not seen it.

250 CXXXII. ORCHIDES (ROLFE). [Ræperocharis.

38. RÆŒÆPEROCHARIS, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 104.

Sepals unequal, free, lateral somewhat spreading. Petals simple,
free, much like the dorsal sepal. Lip continuous with the column,
produced at the base into a spur; limb spreading or pendulous,
simple or trilobed. Column very broad, footless; clinandrium diver-
gently bilobed. Anther cells distant, terminating abruptly in front,
without channels; pollinia granular, with short caudicles and exserted
naked glands; staminodes lateral, transversely oblong. Stigmas de-
scending in a pair of clavate-oblong processes, produced behind into
a pair of tooth-like lobes ; rostellum with the middle lobe obsolete; side
lobes descending in triangular lobes, confluent with the arms of the
column above.—Krinzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 102, t. 258.

An exclusively Tropical African genus of five species, differing from Habenaria in
the remarkable structure of the column.

Lip trilobed.

Front lobe of lip obtuse.

Spur clavate, 3} lin. long ` apex obtuse e . 1. R. bennettiana.
Spur cylindrical, 6 lin. long ; apex shortly. bilobed . 2. R. urbaniana.
Front lobe of lip shortly bilobed.

Lobes of lip subequal . ` : . 3. R. platyanthera.

Side lobes of lip longer and rather narrower than the
front lobe . . : e ` : . 4. R. occidentalis.
Lip simple . ee e S $ S S . 5. R. alcicornis.

1. R. bennettiana, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 104. Plant
14-14 ft. high, leafy. Tuber globose or ovoid-oblong, 3-1 in. long.
Leaves suberect, lanceolate-oblong, acute, sheathing below, 3—4 in. long,
decreasing upwards and with a few sheaths at the base. Racemes 5 m.
long, dense-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4—8 lin. me
Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 24 lin. long; latera
suberect, oblique, semiovate, acute, 24 lin. long. Petals broadly ovate,
suddenly narrowed near the apex into a falcate-linear, subobtuse ap-
pendage. Lip 5 lin. long, shortly clawed below, trilobed above, side
lobes narrowly falcate-linear, diverging ; front lobe narrowly elongate-
linear, longer than the side lobes; spur subclavate, 34 lin. long; ape*
bidentate. Arms of the column broad, diverging laterally, 2 lin. long;
attachment of anther 1-1} lin. from the base; caudicles short. Stig-
matie processes subclavate, slightly curved, subparallel, 2} lin. long,
prolonged behind into a linear-oblong appendage.—Oliv. in Hook. Ic.
Pl. t. 1500; Kränzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 104, t. 258, fig. 2-

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder ; Jan Meda, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1327!

2. R. urbaniana, Kränzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 104, t. 258,
Jig. 3. Plant slender, 6-12 in. high, 2—4-leaved in the middle. Tuber
broadly ovate or subglobose. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
subacute, upper acuminate, 11-3 in. long, 4-7 lin. broad. Racemes
14-3 in. long, rather lax, 8—15-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, 5-7 lin. long. Pedicels 4—5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate

Reperocharis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 251

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 24 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate, acute,
3 lin, long. Petals obliquely ovate, subobtuse, 24 lin. long. Lip 5 lin.
long, with a short broad claw, trilobed; lobes linear; side lobes
diverging, shorter than the front lobe; spur cylindrical, slightly dilated
above, 6 lin. long. Stigmatic processes oblong, descending, thick, 2 lin.
long, each extending upwards in 2, free, oblong lobes. Column divided
into two short, broad, diverging arms. Staminodes rounded. Arms of
the rostellum nearly quadrate, 14 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Mount Guna, 10,000 ft., Schimper, 1333 !

3. R. platyanthera, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 104. Plant
slender, 16 in. high. Tuber globose, 5 lin. long. Leaves squamiform
at the base, black-spotted or wholly black towards the apex, upper ones
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, appressed to the stem, 43 in. long, 5-7 lin.
broad, decreasing upwards. Spikes congested, many-flowered. Bracts
ovate, very acuminate, the lower as long as the flowers. Dorsal
sepal broadly ovate, subacute; lateral 21 lin. long, larger than the
dorsal, obliquely ovate, with a contracted apex; posterior side rounded.
Petals ovate, very obtuse, as long as but narrower than the dorsal
sepal. Lip scarcely 3 lin. long, trilobed, with a linear base; lobes
narrowly linear; side lobes diverging; front lobe a little curved and
slightly bidentate ;. spur nearly twice as long as the lip, slender at the
base, clavate and bidentate at the apex. Column large; anther chan-
nels slightly produced, uncinate, closed at the apex. Stigmatic processes
deflexed, ligulate, obtuse, parallel in front, a little diverging behind.
Staminodes capitate, shining.—Kriinzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii.
103, t. 258, fig. 1. Habenaria platyanthera, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xxii.
860; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. iii. 587.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Simen, Rüppel (ex Reichenbach). Begemeder ; Gafat,
8100 ft., on the banks of brooks, Schimper, 1334! Gerra, 8000 ft., Schimper, 1273!

4. R. occidentalis, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 67. Stem 20 in,
high. Leaves 3—4, linear-lanceolate, replaced by bracts both to-
wards the roots and apex. Racemes many-flowered. Flowers yellow-
green, Dorsal sepal broadly oblong, nearly orbicular, very obtuse ;
lateral oblong, obtuse, longer than the dorsal ; all cucullate. S Petals
broader, oblique, rhomboid, retuse in front, subrepand. Lip tripartite ;
lobes linear; side lobes longer than the front lobe, somewhat bilobed at
the apex; front lobe a little broader than the side lobes, narrowly
ligulate, obtuse; spur pendulous, apex subclavate, obtuse, nearly as `
long as the pedicels, nearly twice as long as the lip. Stigmatic processes
with very broad diverging arms, clavate, scarcely bipartite in front;
posterior lobe reduced to a linear appendage ; anterior lobe elongate.
Anther cells small, obliquely superposed to the stigmas. Rostellum
obtuse-angled.

Upper Guinea. (Cameroons: in the grass region west of Buea, 7800-8200 ft.,
Preuss, 980.

This is the first West African species ; and is said to be most allied to R. alcicornis,
Kriinzl. I have not seen it.

D

V

b

52 CXXXIII, ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). | Reperocharis.

5. R. alcicornis, Kränzl. in Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. iii. 105, t. 258,
fig. 4. Plant slender, 1 ft. high. Tuber globose, 7 lin. long. Leaves
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, with about three obtuse sheaths below.
Spikes 34 in. long, lax, many-flowered. Bracts ovate, acuminate, a
little longer than the ovary. Pedicels 6 lin. long. Flowers yellow
marked with brown. Dorsal sepal very broadly ovate, nearly orbicular,
suddenly acute; lateral larger than the dorsal, semiovate, suboblique,
acute, reflexed. Petals broader than long, very oblique, cuneate-
obovate, apiculate, with the upper margin irregularly dentate and
undulate. Lip simple, from a dilated base, narrowly linear, 34 lin.
long, shorter than the pedicels; spur slender, recurved at the apex,
inflated, obtuse, curved. Column very broad; anther arms very large,
produced in front into acuminate, foliaceous appendages. Stigmatic
processes similar, diverging, subclavate, subfalcate, with narrow stig-
matic margins.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder ; Mount Guna, Schimper, 1364.

Only known to me by the original description and figure.

39. BONATEA, Willd.: Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 628.

Sepals unequal, free; dorsal erect, lateral oblique, reflexed. Petals
deeply bipartite; posterior lobe erect, appressed to the margin of
the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe descending, and simulating a lobe of
the lip. Lip continuous with the column, produced at the base into a
more or less elongated spur; limb spreading, base produced into a
narrow claw, adnate to the base of the lateral sepals, the anterior lobe
of the petals, and the stigmatic processes, tripartite above with narrow
lobes. Column short, footless ; clinandrium erect, as long as the anther.
Anther cells somewhat diverging; apex inferior, prolonged in front
into channels, confluent with the side lobes of the rostellum; pollinia
granular, with elongate, curved caudicles, and exserted, naked glands;
staminodes lateral, small, auriculate. Stigma bipartite, extended =
front into a pair of elongate, subclavate processes ; rostellum trilobed ;
middle lobe cucullate, apiculate ; side lobes linear, elongate. Capsule
oblong.—Terrestrial herbs, with the habit of a large Habenaria. Flowers
rather large, racemose. Bracts ovate.

An exclusively Continental African genus of eight species, distinguished from Habe-
naria by the cucullate middle lobe of the rostellum, and by the union of the base of the
lateral sepals, the anterior lobe of the petals, and the stigmatic processes with the claw

` of the lip,
Spur 1-2 in. long. :

Dorsal sepal 10 lin. long . ‘ i x ` . 1l. B. Steudnert.

Dorsal sepal 7-8 lin. long.

Raceme short and few-flowered . 2. B. rabaiensis.
Raceme long and many-flowered . ` . 3. B. volkensiana.
Spur 35-6 in. long.
Lip 13 in. long : s : 3 i . A B. Emini.

Lip 25 in. or more long. se
Side lobes of lip 14-14 in. long : e . 5. B. Phillips.
Side lobes of lip 2} in. long : S S . 6. B. Kayseri.

Bonatea. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEX (ROLFE). 253

1. B. Steudneri, Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v.90. Stem
strong, 3-5 ft. high. Leaves oblong, acute, with a cartilaginous
margin, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Racemes lax, about 20-
flowered. Bracts oblong, acuminate, cucullate, 1 in. long. Pedicels as
long as the bracts. Dorsal sepal free, oblong, apiculate, arched, 10 lin.
long; lateral oblong-triangular, adnate below to the base of the lip
and stigmatic processes, obliquely triangular above, 14 lin. long, 5 lin.
broad. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe linear, acute, with a very
shortly ciliate margin, cohering with the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe
linear, acuminate, much shorter than the posterior. Lip tripar-
tite; lobes linear, acute; spur cylindrical, as long as the pedicels.
Stigmatic processes terete; apex very broadly spathulate, porrect,
Anther channels elongate, straight. Rostellum cucullate, fornicate,
apiculate, limb very setulose.— Habenaria Steudneri, Reichb. f. Otia
Bot. Hamb. ii. 101; Kriinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 57; Engl. Hochgeb.
Fl. Trop. Afr. 179.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Bogos; Keren, Steudner, 700. British East Africa:
Ukamba ; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2652. -

Only known to me from the original description. Reichenbach says that the type
is at Berlin, where, however, Kränzlin has been unable to find it.

2. B. rabaiensis, Rolfe. Plant 10 in. high. Stem very stout,
leafy below the middle. Leaves about 3, oval or ovate, with a sheathing
base, 1ł—4 in. long. Racemes lax, few-flowered. Bracts membranous,
acuminate, nearly 1 in. long. Pedicels 1} in. long. Flowers among
the largest of the genus. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, cucullate, 8 lin.
long ; lateral oblique, oblong, with a falcate-apiculate apex, 9 lin. long.
Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe linear, cohering to and about as long as
the dorsal sepal ; anterior lobe 14 lin. long, filiform below, falcate above,
with recurved, almost aristate tip. Lip trilobed; lobes filiform, much
like the anterior lobes of the petals ; side lobes 14 in. long; front lobe
1 in. long ; spur cylindrical, stout, 1} in. long, slightly narrower below.
Stigmatic processes elongate, thickened above the middle and verrucose,
slightly recurved near the apex, 8 lin. long. Anther apiculate, a little
shorter than the rostellum ; channels slender, suberect, 4 lin. long.
Rostellum cucullate, with a strong projecting apiculus.—Habenaria
rabaiensis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soe, xxx. 390.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor !

3. B. volkensiana, Rolfe. A stately plant, 2-2} ft. high.
Leaves 3} in. long, 1} in. broad, decreasing upwards into the bracts.

emes long, many-flowered. Pedicels about 14 in. long. Flowers
white. Dorsal sepal oval, acute, galeate, 7 lin. long ; lateral deflexed,
oblong, subacute, adnate below to the base of the lip and stigmatic pro-
cesses. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
appressed to the dorsal sepal, pellucid; anterior lobe linear, very
acuminate, 1 in. long. Lip tripartite ; side lobes similar to the anterior
lobe of the petals but a little longer ; front lobe linear, acute, rather
shorter than the side lobes; disc with a small, erect, acute tooth in

254 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). { Bonatea.

front of the spur; spur cylindrical, rather thick, obtuse, 14 in. long.
Stigmatic processes slightly thickened in front, longitudinally excavate,
basal fifth adnate to the lip. Anther apiculate; channels very slender,
2 as long as the stigmas. Rostellum dwarf, globose-cucullate, margin
fimbriate.— Habenaria volkensiana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 244.

Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, East of Marangu, near Kwa
Ileto, 3200-4900 ft., on sandy grassy hillocks, Volkens, 342!

4. B. Emini, Rolfe. Stem tall. Leaves not known; sheaths very
broadly ovate, acute or acuminate. Spikes lax-flowered. Bracts
oblong-ovate, acute, as long as the pedicels. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute,
cucullate, 9 lin. long; lateral triangular, more than twice as long as
the dorsal, retuse, apiculate, united with the base of the lip, stigmatic
processes, and anterior lobe of the petals. Petals bipartite ; posterior
lobe linear, acute, hidden under the dorsal sepal; anterior lobe 3-4
times as long as the posterior, 14 in. long. Lip 14 in. long, base
elongate, filiform, the upper fifth tripartite; side lobes linear, acute,
diverging ; front lobe a little shorter than the side lobes; spur 54 in.
long, nearly twice as long as the pedicels, straight, ascending, a little
broader above. Stigmatic processes linear, slightly excavate. Anther
very long, acute, attenuate at the base; channels and caudicles very
long, straight, shorter than the stigmas. Rostellum cucullate, apicu-
late, with toothed margins.—Habenaria Emini, Kränz), in Engl. Jahrb.
xix. 245.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uyansi; Pungusi, in the Mgunda-Mkali,
Stuhlmann, 420,

Only known to me from the original description.

5. B. Phillipsii, Rolfe. Plant about 2 ft. high. Leaves cauline,
sessile, oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute, or abruptly and very shortly
acuminate, 2-5 in. long, 3-14 in. broad, the upper decreasing to the
bracts. Racemesabout 7-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
1-1} in. long. Pedicels 24 in. long. Flowers white and green.
Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, acute, 10 lin. long; lateral cuneate-
oblong from a narrower base, oblique or subfalcate, apiculate or acu-
minate below the apex, 1 in. long, lower half or more adnate to the
base of the lip, stigmatic processes, and the anterior lobe of the petals.
Petals deeply bipartite; posterior lobe erect, narrowly linear, acute, 25
long as the dorsal sepal and appressed to it; anterior lobe elongate-
linear, 1} lin. long. Lip deeply trilobed ; claw 10-12 lin. long, free
part 1 lin. long; lobes elongate-linear; side lobes 14-14 lin. long;
front lobe ?~1 in. long; spur elongate, slightly dilated, 3}—4 in. long.
Stigmatic processes 11 lin. long; apex short, free, subspathulate.
Anther 4 lin. long; channels slender, 8 lin. long. Rostellum cucullate,
portage 8 lin. long.—Habenaria Phillipsii, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin,

05, 227.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range at Darra-as, in a deep gorge near water,
Lort Phillips !

bo

Bonatea. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 55

6. B. Kayseri, Malte, Stem strong, leafy (base not seen), Leaves
lanceolate-oblong, acute, amplexicaul, 3-5} in. long, 1-2} in. broad.
Racemes about 7-flowered. Bracts lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, 1}-2 in. long. Pedicels 2-3 in. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
shortly acuminate, 8-9 lin. long; lateral obliquely cuneate-obovate,
apiculate below the apex, 14 lin. long, adnate } its length to the base of
the lip, stigmatic processes, and the anterior lobe of the petals. Petals
bipartite ; posterior lobe narrowly linear, as long as the dorsal sepal
and united to the edge of it; anterior lobe narrowly elongate-linear,
2} in. long. Lip deeply trilobed; claw 1 in. long, the upper third
free; side lobes similar to the anterior lobe of the petals, 24 in. long;
front lobe 14 in. long; spur slender, 6 in. long, slightly thickened near
the apex. Stigmatic processes 1} in. long; apex subspathulate, re-
curved, Anther channels slender, ł lin. long. Rostellum cucullate,
apiculate, 4 lin. long. Staminodes oblong, 1 lin. long.—Habenaria
Kayseri, Krinzl. in. Engl. Jahrb. xix. 246; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. ©.
152, t. 7.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mlalo, Holst, 635, 2443 !
Kilimanjaro ; Marangu, on hillocks, Volkens, 630.

40. PLATYCORYNE, Reichb. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii.
632.

Dorsal sepal erect, broad, cucullate; lateral free, reflexed, narrow.
Petals free or slightly adnate to the base of the column, narrow,
entire or rarely unequally bilobed. Lip continuous with the base
of the column, produced at the base into a filiform or clavate spur ;
limb spreading, entire or unequally trilobed. Column short, foot-
less; clinandrium erect, as long as the anther. Anther erect or
suberect ; cells parallel, apex inferior, produced into somewhat diverg-
ing channels, confluent with the side lobes of the rostellum ; pollinia
granular, with elongate caudicles and exserted naked glands; stami-
nodes lateral, rounded or auriculate. Stigma bilobed, or extended into
two short thick processes; rostellum trilobed ; middle lobe narrow,
more or less cucullate; side lobes broad and short. Capsule oblong.—
Slender, terrestrial herbs. Leaves few, basal, small or narrow. Flowers
rather small, in short or few-flowered racemes. Bracts broadly ovate,
cucullate.

A genus of nine Tropical African species, with an outlying representative in
Madagascar. Bentham refers it to the Diseæ, where it is clearly out of place, and
Krinzlin unites it with Habenaria, though I think it can be maintained on account of the
cucullate middle lobe of the rostellum, short thick stigmatic processes,and marked habit.

Petals simple.
Spur 1-1} lin. long . : e : . 1. P. aurea,
Spur 4-7 lin, long.
Lip simple or obscurely toothed or auricled at the
base,
Western species.

Spur not much longer than the sepals . . 2, P. paludosa.
Spur twice as long as the sepals . : . 3. P. Wilfordii,

256 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Platycoryne.

Eastern species.

Spur clavate S S . . 4. P. buchananiana,
Spur scarcely dilated at the apex . . 5. P. tenuicaulis.
Lip distinctly trilobed : : . 6, F crocea.
Spur 11-13 lin, long . 7. P. Protearum.
Petals bilobed.
Posticous petal lobe filiform S : : . 8. P. Guingange.
Posticous petal lobe ovate-lanceolate - - . 9. P. poggeana,

1. P. aurea, Rolfe. Plant slender. Stem 12-13 in. long, sparsely
leafy. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 11-2 in. long,
4-5 lin. broad, passing into sheaths below and bracts above. Racemes
congested, 3-5-flowered. Bracts nearly spathaceous, ovate, acute.
Flowers 3-4 lin. long, golden yellow. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute,
cucullate or galeate, recurved at the apex; laterals deflexed, subfalcate,
oblong, acuminate. Petals simple, falcate, adherent to the dorsal
sepal. Lip simple, narrowed from a triangular base, acuminate, as long
as the lateral sepals; spur filiform, straight, 1-14 lin. long. Stigmatic
processes thick, fleshy. Anther channels straight, “a little shorter
than their caudicles.” Rostellum with a cucullate base, lanceolate
above, nearly as long as the anther.—Habenaria aurea, Kranzl. mm
Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 209; Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 74.

Upper Guinea. Upper Senegal, in rice fields, Lecard, 204.

Only known to me from the original description.

2. P. paludosa, Rolfe. Plant slender, 1-1} ft. high. Leaves
few, cauline, rather distant, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 4—14 in. long.
Racemes 2—4- (sometimes 1-) flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, shortly
acuminate, 4-5 lin. long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Flowers deep
orange. Sepals 4 lin. long; dorsal ovate-oblong, apiculate; later
lanceolate-oblong, subacute. Petals simple, lanceolate, subacute, 4 lin.
long, appressed to the dorsal sepal. Lip subspathulate-linear, obtuse,
24 lin. long, with a pair of minute, basal teeth; spur subclavate, sub-
acute, 4 lin. long. Stigmatic processes oblong, obtuse, connate, 1 lin.
long. Anther channels linear-oblong, 14 lin. long. Rostellum triangu-
lar, subobtuse, 1 lin. long.—Habenaria paludosa, Lindl. in Journ. Linn.
Soc. vi. 139; Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 208.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; in swamps, Barter, 1479!

3. P. Wilfordii, Rolfe. Tuber oblong, } in. long, 5 lin. broad.
Stem slender, 8—11 in. long, 4—5-leaved. Leaves oblong-lanceolate,
acute or apiculate, sheathing, 1 in. long, 24 lin. broad. Racemes 1-3-
(usually 2-) flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, one-third as long as the
ovary. Pedicels 14 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Dorsal sepal broadly
oblong, acute, 34 lin. long; laterals reflexed, half twisted, oblong-
linear, acute, carinate behind. Petals lanceolate, falcate, acute,
adherent to the margin of the dorsal sepal, free only at the apex. Lip
simple, narrowly linear from a slightly smaller base, obtuse, as long a5
the sepals; spur cylindrical, obtuse, twice as long as the sepals. Stig-
matic processes triangular, acute from a broad base, deeply excavate

Platycoryne. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 257

below. Anther channels as long as the stigmas; caudicles very long.
Rostellum small, linear, nearly as long as the anthers.—Habenaria
Wilfordit, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, 295; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
210.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone: Freetowa, Wilford! in grassy places among
bushes, Preuss (ex Krdnzlin).

4. P. buchananiana, Rolfe. Plant 1-1} ft. high. Tuber oblong,
7-8 lin. long. Leaves 5-6, cauline, linear-lanceolate, acuminate,
{+14 in. long, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Racemes 1-24 in.
long, few- to many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute or acumi-
nate, 4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 6-9 lin. long. Flowers yellow. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-ovate, acute, 3-4 lin. long; lateral lanceolate-oblong,
acute, 3-4 lin. long. Petals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 24-3 lin. long,
forming a galea with the dorsal sepal. Lip entire, triangular-lanceolate,
subobtuse, broader and obscurely angled at the base, 24—34 lin. long;
spur 53-6} lin. long, slender below, subclavate above. Stigmatic pro-
cesses oblong, stout, connate, 3 lin. long. Anther channels erect, stout,
nearly as long as the stigmas. Rostellum triangular, subulate, 1 lin.
long.— Habenaria buchananiana, Kränz, in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 247;
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 295.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 739! 1155!
Lake Nyasa, Simons ! Shire Highlands, plentiful in marshy places, Buchanan, 318!
Manganja Hills, Waller ! Magomoro Mission Station, 3000 ft., Waller! Mt. Mlanje,
Scott-Elliot, 8617! Urungu; Fwambo, South of Lake Tanganyika, 5250 ft., Nutt!
German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Msalala, Hannington! Urambo, Hannington !

5. P. tenuicaulis, Rolfe. Plant very slender, 1 ft. high. Leaves
about 5, linear, acute, distant, bract-like,1-1} in. long, with sheathing
base (basal ones not seen). Racemes subcorymbose, 1} in. long, few-
flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, 4-5 lin. long. Pedicels 7 lin. long.
Flowers small. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, acute, cucullate, 44 lin.
long; lateral reflexed, narrowly linear-oblong from a short base, acute,
unequally plicate, 5 lin. long. Petals entire, falcate-linear, acute,
adnate to the sides of the dorsal sepal into a galea, 4 lin. long.
Lip ligulate, obtuse, obtusely angled on both sides above the base, with
much reflexed margin, 44 lin. long; spur slender, 7 lin. long, scarcely
dilated at the apex. Stigmatic processes ovate-subrhomboid, com-
pressed, with a slender base, 14 lin. long. Anther erect, strongly
apiculate; channels truncate, slightly longer than the stigmas. Ros-
tellum triangular, very apiculate, slightly longer than the anther, 2 lin.
long.— Habenaria tenuicaulis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 396.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Unyamwezi and the coast,
Taylor !

_ §. P. crocea, Rolfe. Plant slender, 1-1} ft. high. Leaves about

‘, cauline, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 3-1} in. long, 14-2 lin. broad,

decreasing upwards. Racemes short or subcapitate, 3—4-flowered.

Bracts ovate-oblong, acuminate, 3-6 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long.
VOL. VII. S

258 CXXXIII. OROHIDEH (ROLFE). [Platycoryne.

Flowers orange-buff. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, cucullate,
27 lin. long; lateral ovate-oblong, obtuse, as long as the dorsal sepal.
Petals ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 24 lin. long. Lip trilobeđd; side lobes
small, triangular, subobtuse, 4 lin. long; front lobe ovate-lanceolate,
subobtuse, 24 lin. long; spur 74 lin. long, slender below, slightly
thickened above. Stigmatic processes short, subglobose, deflexed, ap-
proximate. Anther channels stout, ł lin. long. Rostellum triangular,
obtuse, fleshy, 4 lin. long.—Habenaria crocea, Schweinf. ex Reichb.
f. Otia Bot. Hamb. i. 57; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 208.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Niam-niam, South of the Lehssy River, in
wet grassy places, Schweinfurth, 3968 !

7. P. Protearum, Rolfe. Plant slender, 8-10 in. high. Tuber
oblong, 6-8 lin. long. Leaves 4—6, cauline, lanceolate or oblong-lanceo-
late, acute, 4-1 in. long, decreasing a little upwards. Racemes short,
2-4-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, 4-6 lin. long.
Pedicels slender, 12-14 lin. long. Flowers greenish-white with a
yellow lip. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, cucullate, 24 lin. long; lateral
deflexed, ovate-oblong, apiculate. Petals semiovate-triangular, obtuse,
tightly adherent to the dorsal sepal and a little shorter than it.
Lip broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, sides recurved, 24 lin. long; spur
11-13 lin. long, slender, a little stouter beyond the middle, hidden
within the bract, Stigmas subglobose. Anther channels scarcely as
long as the stigmas. Rostellum erect, 1} lin. long, slightly trilobed
from a somewhat cucullate base ; side lobes reduced to a small, rounded,
marginal tooth; front lobe triangular, subobtuse, enclosed within the
galea, much longer than the anther.—Habenaria Protearum, Reichb. f.
Otia Bot. Hamb, i. 57; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 215. H. paludosa,
Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 178 (not Lindl.).

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; woods of Monino, in sandy, somewhat shady
places among Proteacer, Welwitsch, 708! Huilla, Antunes, 18!

8. P. Guingangee, Rolfe. Plant slender, 14 ft. high. Tuber
oblong, # in. long. Leaves 2-3, cauline, lanceolate-oblong, acute or
subacute, about 1} in. long, 2-24 lin. broad, decreasing upwards into
very narrow, acuminate sheaths. Racemessubcapitate, about 8-flowered.
Bracts ovate, acute, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals
carinate; dorsal broadly ovate, subacute, 3 lin. long; lateral ovate-
oblong, acute, 3} lin, long. Petals bifid; posterior lobe filiform, small,
2 lin. long; anterior lobe lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 2} lin. long.
Lip tripartite; side lobes linear-filiform, obtuse, 1} lin. long; front
lobe rather stouter than the side lobes, 23 lin. long; spur 5 lin. long,
slender below, slightly thickened above. Stigmatic lobes short, dilated,
suborbicular. Anther channels stout, 14 lin. long. Rostellum sub-
ulate, 14 lin. long —Habenaria Guingange, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865,
179; Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi, 207.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Adongo; Barrancos de Catete, in rich bushy
pastures, rare, Welwitsch, 692!

9. P. poggeana, Rolfe. Plant slender, 16 in, high. Leaves

Platycoryne. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE), 259

cauline, 1 or 2, linear; sheaths 2—4, bract-like, acuminate. Spikes
congested, 5—6-flowered. Bracts broadly ovate, acute, nearly half as
long as the pedicels. Pedicels 7-8 lin. long. Flowers yellow or buff.
Dorsal sepal cucullate, acute, 3 lin. long ; lateral deflexed, linear, acute,
subfalcate, 34-4 lin. long. Petals bipartite; posterior lobe ovate-
lanceolate, adherent to the dorsal sepal, and nearly as long as it;
anterior lobe linear, hooked. Lip tripartite; side lobes minute, as
long as the anterior lobe of the petals; front lobe much larger than
the side lobes, linear, obtuse, rugose above, appearing constricted in the
middle on account of the revolute margin; spur filiform, inflated
towards the apex, acute, straight, 6 lin. long. Anther very long, acute,
nearly as long as the dorsal sepal; channels cylindrical, straight.
Stigmatic processes very broad, connate in front, excavate below,
appressed to the lip. Rostellum narrow, linear, acuminate.— Habenaria
poggeana, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 207.

South Central. Congo Free State: open country near the River Lulua, Pogge,
1443 (ex Kriinzlin), i

41. CYNORCHIS, Thou. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 628.

Sepals subequal ; dorsal erect, concave; lateral oblique and spread-
ing. Petals entire, narrower than the dorsal sepal, and appressed
to its margins, forming a hood. Lip inferior, continuous with the
column, spreading, usually broad, 3—5-lobed, produced at the base into
a short or elongated spur. Column very short and broad ; clinandrium
erect or somewhat reclinate. Anther cells diverging; apex inferior,
more or less elongated and adnate to the side lobes of the rostellum,
forming slender channels; pollinia granular, extended into slender
caudicles, terminating in small, exserted, naked glands. Stigma bilobed,
extended into a pair of oblong or clavate, papillose processes ; rostellum
trilobed ; middle lobe concave or complicate, often large; side lobes
elongated, forming channels for the caudicles of the pollinia. Capsules
erect, oblong or fusiform, sometimes shortly beaked.—Terrestrial
herbs, with fasciculate, fleshy roots, sometimes thickened into tubers.

ves radical, few or solitary, oblong or elongated. Flowers small or
medium-sized, pedicellate, arranged in lax, short or elongated racemes.
Bracts small or narrow.

A genus of about 30 species, the majority natives of the Mascarene Islands, with
the following Tropical African representatives :—

Lip entire.
Spur 2-3 lin. long.
Plant 8-18 in. high.

Lip linear, subobtuse. . S S S lO; anacamptoides.
Lip cuneate-oblong, obscurely tridenticulate . 2. C. Buchanani,
Plant 5 in. high S : S . 3. C. Usambare.
Spur 8 lin, long es . A C. Volkensii.
ue . 5. C. Kirkii.
Lip 5-lobed.
Stem nearly glabrous i 2 E Hanningtoni,
Stem glanduiar-pubescent 2 e s . 7. C. Johnsoni.

260 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Cynorchis.

1. C. anacamptoides, Kränzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 151.
Plant 8-18 in. high. Leaves 3—4, mostly near the base, linear-lanceo-
late, acute, attenuate below, rarely oblong, 2—44 in. long, 34-5 lin.
broad. Racemes very short, dense, glandular-pubescent. Bracts lanceo-
late, acute or acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 24-3} lin. long.
Flowers rose-coloured. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, acute, 1} lin. long;
lateral suboblique, ovate-oblong, subobtuse, slightly longer than the
dorsal. Petals ovate-oblong, apiculate or subobtuse, 1} lin. long,
forming a galea with the dorsal sepal. Lip simple, linear, subobtuse,
1} lin. long; spur subfusiform, 2 lin. long, Column very short,
Anther channels very short. Stigmatic processes dilated, oblong.
Rostellum shortly trilobed; front lobe triangular, subobtuse, 4 lin.
long; side lobes minute, tooth-like——Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 18;
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 295.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 8200 ft., Stuhlmann, 2346
(ex Krdnzlin) ; Butagu, 9000-10,000 ft., among heather, Scott- Elliot, 8008 in part!
Kivata, 9000-9600 ft., open places, Scott-Elliot, 7648! 7747!

2. C. Buchanani, Rolfe. Plant 1-1} ft. high, glandular-pubescent
above. Leaves 2-3 near the base, lanceolate-oblong, subacute, narrowed
below, 14-3 in. long, with a few lanceolate, acuminate sheaths above.
Racemes 1}-2 in. long, dense. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 2—4 lin.
long. Pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse, cucullate,
2 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 24 lin. long.
Petals faleate-oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Lip entire, narrowly cuneate-
oblong, obtuse or obscurely tridenticulate at the apex, 3 lin. long; spur
slender, cylindrical, a little curved, 2} lin. long. Anther channels
short. Stigmatic processes very short, A lin. long. Rostellum
triangular-subulate, 4 lin. long; apex slightly incurved, and apiculate;
face subconcave.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, top of Mt. Zomba,
Buchanan, 308!

3. C. Usambare, Rolfe. Plant small, about 5 in. high, sparsely
glandular-setulose above. Tuber oblong, 5-6 lin. long. Leaves 2,
basal, ovate-oblong, acuminate, 10 lin. long. Racemes 2-24 in. long,
about 14-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 14—24 lin. long.
Pedicels 24-3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, cucullate, 1 lin.
long ; lateral ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Petals ovate, sub-
obtuse, scarcely shorter than the dorsal sepal. Lip entire, oblong,
obtuse, ł lin. long; spur 2} lin. long, cylindrical. Anther channels
slender, } lin. long. Stigmatic processes very short, sessile, oblong.
Rostellum minute.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mtai, Holst, 2474!

4. C. Volkensii, Krinzl. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. O. 151. Plant
9-12 in. high ; stem glandular-pubescent, with 2—3 acuminate sheaths.
Leaves 1 or 2, basal, suberect, ovate-oblong or cuneate-oblong, acute oF
obtuse, 2-4} in. long, 9-11 lin. broad. Racemes 1-4 in. long, lx,

Cynorchis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 261

many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 2-5 lin. long. Pedicels
4-6 lin. long. Flowers violet. Dorsal sepal ovate, subacuminate or
apiculate, 24 lin. long; lateral deflexed, oblique, oblong-lanceolate,
subfalcate, subobtuse, 3-34 lin. long. Petals oblique, ovate-oblong,
subobtuse, 24 lin. long, forming a galea with the dorsal sepal. Lip
entire, linear-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long, somewhat reflexed at the sides ;
spur cylindrical, very slightly dilated above, curved, 8 lin. long.
Anther channels scarcely as long as the stigmas. Stigmas deflexed,
ł lin. long, dilated above, truncate. Rostellum triangular, obtuse, face
concave, 4 lin. long.—Krinzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 18. Habenaria
pleistadenia, Reichb. f. ex Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 404; Trans.
Linn. Soe. ser. 2, ii. 350.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; above Shira, 2800 ft.,
Volkens, 1944! 8000-10,000 ft., Thomson ! Johnston, 29!

5. ©. Kirkii, Rolfe. Plant 9-12 in. high. Tuber oblong, 1 in.
long. Leaf solitary, basal, spathulate or spathulate-oblong, obtuse or
apiculate, 34—54 in. long, 1-14 in. broad, Scapes slender, with one
lanceolate, acuminate sheath below the middle, 2-3-flowered at the
apex. Bracts lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3—6 lin. long.
Pedicels 8-9 lin. long. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, 2 lin. long ;
lateral ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 24 lin. long. Petals ovate-
lanceolate, subobtuse, 24 lin. long. Lip 3-4 lin. long, 4-lobed; lobes
obtuse or truncate, oblong, crenulate ; spur cylindrical, slender, 10-11
lin. long. Anther channels slender. Stigmatic processes broadly clavate,
ł lin. long. Rostellum cucullate, nearly as long as the anther.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, 1800 ft., Kirk !

The flowers are not very well preserved.

6. C. Hanningtoni, Rolfe. Stem slender, over 6 in. high,
glabrous; base not seen. Racemes 2 in. long, lax. Bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, 2-34 lin. long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate,
subacute, 13-2 lin.: long; lateral obliquely falcate-oblong, subobtuse,
2} lin. long. Petals oblong, subfalcate, obtuse, 1ł-2 lin. long. Lip
24 lin. long, 5-lobed; basal pair of lobes linear, diverging; next pair
rather broader; middle lobe oblong, obtuse; spur linear, cylindrical,
2 lin, long. Anther channels short. Stigmatic processes very short,
oblong, deflexed. Rostellum minute ; front lobe triangular, subacute.

Mozamb., Dist. German East Africa, without precise locality, Hannington !

7. ©. Johnsoni, Rolfe. Plant slender, 9 in. high, glandular-
pubescent above ; base not seen. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, subacuminate,
1} in. long, 34 lin. broad. Racemes 3 in. long, lax, few-flowered.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 14-2 lin. long. Pedicels 3-34 lin.
long. Dorsal sepal ovate, subobtuse, 1} lin. long; lateral broadly
falcate-oblong, subobtuse, 2 lin. long. Petals ovate-oblong, subobtuse,
1} lin, long. Lip 3 lin. long, 5-lobed; basal pair of lobes linear-
triangular, acute, oblique, 4 lin. long; next pair narrowly triangular,

262 CXXXIII, ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Cynorchis.

acute, oblique, 1 lin. long; middle lobe obovate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long; spur slender, 24 lin. long. Column short, stout.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mountains East of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson !

42. AMPHORCHIS, Thou. ; Blume in Mus. Lugd. Batav. ii. 190.

Flowers inverted. Dorsal sepal inferior, more or less concave ;
lateral oblique, broader and more spreading. Petals smaller than the
lateral sepals, somewhat spreading. Lip superior, cuneate, broad and
dilated above, entire or shortly trilobed at the apex; base produced
into an elongated or slender spur. Column short and broad. Anther
horizontal; cells nearly parallel; base somewhat produced, and more or
less adnate to the side lobes of the rostellum ; pollinia granular, extended
into slender caudicles, terminating in small, exserted, naked glands.
Stigma shortly bilobed, forming a pair of rounded processes; rostellum
trilobed ; front lobe triangular or oblong, more or less concave or cucul-
late; side lobes elongated, forming channels for the caudicles of the
pollinia.— Terrestrial herbs, with fasciculate, fleshy roots, sometimes
thickened into tubers. Leaves radical, few or solitary, oblong or
elongated. Flowers small, pedicellate, arranged in lax, short or some-
what elongated racemes. Bracts small and narrow.—Ridl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xxi. 517.

A genus of four species, confined to the Mascarene Islands with the following
exception. It is readily distinguished from Cynorchis by the inverted flowers.

1. A. occidentalis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. 139. Plant
1} ft. high, densely hispidulous-pubescent. Pseudobulb narrowly
oblong, 14 in. long. Stem with 2, acuminate sheaths. Leaves basal,
ovate, subacuminate, ciliolate, variegated, 14 in. long. Racemes 5 m.
long, lax. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 3—4 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6
lin. long. Flowers inverted, orange. Dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse or
apiculate, 3 lin. long; lateral obliquely ovate-oblong, subacute, 3} lin.
long. Petals very broadly quadrate-ovate, crenulate, 2 lin. long; apex
shortly bidentate, with equal or unequal, obtuse teeth. Lip 5 lin. long,
cuneate, shortly trilobed at the apex; lobes ovate-triangular, subacute
or apiculate ; front lobe with a thickened median line from the base to
the apex; spur cylindrical, curved, slightly dilated above, 8-9 lin. long.
Anther channels short, scarcely 4 lin. long. Stigmatic processes large,
rounded. Rostellum trilobed; front lobe triangular, obtuse, a little
concave or cucullate ; side lobes a little longer than the anther channels
and adnate to them at the base.—Cynosorchis occidentalis, Durand &
Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 92.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; in a ravine near Jeba, only one
specimen seen, Barter, 1487!

A pretty species. Leaves marked like Anectochilus argenteus.

43. SATYRIUM, Sw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 629.

Sepals subequal or the lateral broader, spreading or reflexed.
Petals more or less united to the sepals at the base, similar to OF

Satyrium, ] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 263

narrower than the odd or front sepal. Lip superior, sessile at the base of
the column, erect, galeate or cucullate, base more or less united to the
lateral sepals, produced behind into a pair of descending spurs or sacs,
rarely without a sac or with a pair of additional sacs outside the normal
pair. Column erect under the lip, short or somewhat elongated,
divided at the apex into two lobes, the upper convex or rarely con-
cave, bearing the pulvinate stigma on its anterior surface, the lower
anticous and forming the rostellum. Anther hanging under the
rostellum or horizontal, cells nearly parallel; pollinia granular, each
with a slender stipes and gland, or rarely the glands united. Ovary
and pedicel not twisted.—Terrestrial herbs with undivided tubers.
Leaves few and basal, or more numerous and cauline, decreasing
upwards into the bracts. Spikes usually dense or many-flowered ;
flowers small or medium-sized. Bracts membranous, sometimes large,
often reflexed after flowering.

A genus of about 100 species, most numerous in extra-tropical South Africa, with
about five representatives in the Mascarene Islands and one in India. It is readily
distinguished from other genera of Disee by the dorsal position of the relatively large
two-spurred lip, with the odd sepal in front.

*Lip with two spurs, slender or tapering at the apex, and
longer or rarely shorter than the limb.
Leaves two, basal, suborbicular, appressed to the
ground (not known in 3).
Lateral sepals oblong, 7-9 lin. long.

Spurs 9 lin. long . 1. S. bifolium.

Spurs 5 lin. long. d e e 2 . 2. S. Carsoni.
Lateral sepals linear, 5-6 lin, long 7 e . 3. S. cheirophorum,
Lateral sepals oblong, 2—4 lin. long.

Lip half united to the lateral sepals . $ . 4. S. Johnsoni.

Lip a fifth united to the lateral sepals : . 5. S. orbiculare.

Leaves two or more, usually cauline, or more or less
erect or ascending (not known in 6, 8 and 19).
Lip with a pair of short sacs in addition to the
usual spurs.
Lip 2} lin. long, and as broad . . e . 6. S. sacculatum,
Lip 13 lin. long, slightly over half as broad . 7. S, shirense.
Lip with a pair of spurs only. =
Spurs over an inch long . S ° ; . 8. S. longissimum,
Spurs under an inch long.
Spurs much diverging from the pedicels,
Spurs much incurved, Ge
Lip 2-2} lin. long ` . . . 9. S. riparium.
Lip 3-34 lin, long : . . 10. 8. Volkensii,
Spurs recurved è e e S . 11. S. minaz.
Spurs parallel to the pedicels or nearly so.
Lip 2-2} lin, long, somewhat fleshy.
Bracts reflexed after flowering (Eastern
species).
Lip with basal third united to the lateral
sepals.
Spurs 34 lin. long.
Spurs 6 lin, long .

. 12. S. elongatum.
. 13. S. chlorocorys.

264 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEA (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

Lip with basal fourth united to the

lateral sepals ` : ` . 14. S. Krenzlinii,
Bracts not reflexed after flowering (Angolan
species) . S c S . 15. S. mechowianum.
Lip 23-4 lin. long, somewhat membranous.
Lip as broad as long < S SG . 16. S. coriophoroides.

Lip longer than broad.
Spurs as long as or longer than the lip.
Sepals more or less distinctly longer
tban the lip.
Spikes dense (Eastern species).
Lip 33-4 lin. long.
Spurs twice as long as the

sepals. S . 17. S. densum.
Spurs slightly longer than the `
sepals S . 18. S. Buchanani.

Lip 2-23 lin, long.
Spurs not twice as long as the
sepals,
Lip strongly constricted be-
low the reflexed apex . 19. S. Kirkii.
Lip scarcely constricted below

the suberect apex . 20, S. niloticum.
Spurs twice as long as the sepals
or more . 21. S. crassicaule.

Spikes rather lax (Angolan species) 22. S. Ivantale.
Sepals more or less distinctly shorter
than the lip(Abyssinian species).
Spurs 5-6} lin. long . =. . 23. S. brachypetalum.
Spurs 25-3 lin. long . : . 24. S. Schimperi.
Spurs not or scarcely as long as the lip.
Lip 3-4 lin. long.

Lip over half as broad as long . . 25. S. zombense.
Lip half as broad as long S . 26. S, occultum.
Lip 2-23 lin. long . : : . 27. S. Nuttii.

Lip 6 lin. long : ` ` : .
a Are two short, obtuse sacs, much shorter than the
imb.
Sepals and petals 5-6 lin. long.
Column 3 lin. long i : SE . 29. S. breve.
Column 2-24 lin. long.
Spurs 1-14 lin. long. |. í h . 80. S. leucocomos.
Spurs scarcely 4 in. long . S . 31. S. paludosum.
Sepals and petals 2 lin. long. S 2 . 32. S. longibracteatum.
** Lip without a sac. S S S art . 33. S. Mechowit.

28. S. Welwitschii.

1. S. bifolium, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 273, t. 18,
fig. 2. Tubers ovoid-oblong, 7-13 lin. long. Plant 14-1} ft. high,
with two suborbicular horizontal leaves at the base, and five to seven
oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse sheaths above. Leaves 2-4 in. broad.
Racemes oblong, 24-41 in. long, rather dense. Bracts ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, acute, 9-14 lin. long. Pedicels 5—6 lin. long. Sepals 7-9
lin. long; odd one cuneate-oblong, obtuse; lateral much broader.
Petals united for a fifth of their length to the sepals, narrower than

Satyrium. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 265

the odd one. Lip galeate, 7—8 lin. long, the basal fourth united to the
lateral sepals; mouth broad, with broad reflexed margin ; apex broad,
obtuse, crenulate, erect; spurs linear, tapering to the apex, curved,
9 lin. long. Column 4 lin. long; stigma reniform-orbicular, obscurely
crenulate; rostellum oblong, obtuse, with reflexed sides and apex.—A.
Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 300, t. 92.

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Tigre; Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon ;
between Maigouagoua and Debra Sina, Quartin-Dillon, 233! Sana Dist., on mountains
near Dochli, Schimper, 1554! Begemeder ; near Mahdera Mariam, 6500 ft., Schimper,
1232! without precise locality, Schimper, 619 !

2. S. Carsoni, folfe. Tuber oblong, 1}in. long. Plant 14-14 ft.
high, with two suborbicular, horizontal leaves at the base, 13-24 in.
broad, and four or five lanceolate sheaths above. Racemes oblong,
3-5 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-oblong, subacute, 3—14 in. long.
Pedicels 5-6 lin. long. Sepals 7-8 lin. long; odd one lanceolate-
oblong, obtuse; lateral broader. Petals united for a sixth of their
length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, sub-
compressed, 7 lin. long, the basal fourth united to the lateral sepals ;
mouth roundish above, narrowed below ; apex broadly oblong, sub-
vòtuse, somewhat recurved ; spurs tapering from a rather broad base,
slightly curved, 5 lin. long. Column 34 lin. long; stigma broadly
rounded, obtuse; rostellum oblong, subobtuse, with reflexed sides and
apex.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu ; South of Lake Tanganyika,
at Fwambo, Carson, 3! 5! and Kambole, 5000 ft., Nutt /

3. S. cheirophorum, Rolfe. Plant somewhat slender, with a few
lanceolate sheaths on the stem; base not seen. Raceme 24-4 in. or
more long, lax. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 8-12 lin. long. Pedicels
4 lin. long. Sepals 6 lin. long; odd one linear-oblong, obtuse ; lateral
broader, somewhat spreading. Petals united for a third of their length
to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed,
4} lin. long, the basal third united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather
harrow ; apex triangular-ovate, apiculate, reflexed ; spurs linear, slightly
curved, 6 lin. long. Column 4 lin. long; stigma broadly ovate;
rostellum broad, tridenticulate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last !

4. S. Johnsoni, Rolfe. Tuber oblong, 8 lin. long. Plant 9 in.
high, with a pair of orbicular, horizontal leaves at the base, 10 lin.
broad, and five or six cauline, lanceolate, acute sheaths above. Raceme
oblong, 2 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5-7 lin.
long. Pedicels 24-3 lin. long. Sepals 2ł lin. long; odd one oblong-
lanceolate, subacute; lateral much broader. Petals united for nearly
half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, carinate, subcompressed, 3 lin. long, basal half or rather less
united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather narrow ; apex broad, obtuse,

266 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

somewhat reflexed; spurs linear, somewhat curved, 2} lin. long.
Column 2} lin. long ; stigma broadly ovate, obtuse ; rostellum bilobed ?

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: mountains east of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson !

5. S. orbiculare, Rolfe. Tuber subglobose, 4 lin. long. Plant
6-7 in. high, with a pair of orbicular, horizontal leaves at the base,
1 in. broad, and two or three ovate-lanceolate, apiculate sheaths above.
Raceme oblong, rather short, few-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute, 5-6
lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 23-2} lin. long; odd one
lanceolate-oblong, subacute; lateral rather longer and twice as broad.
Petals united for a fifth of their length to the sepals, and similar to the
odd one. Lip galeate, carinate, subcompressed, 3 lin. long, the basal
fourth united to the lateral sepals; mouth ovate ; narrow margin and
obtuse apex reflexed ; spurs linear, curved, 4 lin. long. Column 2 lin.
long; stigma broadly ovate, obtuse; rostellum ovate-oblong, obtuse,
obscurely trilobed.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa; Kambole, South-West of Lake Tan-
ganyika, 5000 ft., Nutt !

6. S. sacculatum, Rolfe. Plant 2} ft. high, with numerous ovate
lanceolate sheaths, the lower longer and tubular. Leaves not seen.
Raceme 3 in. long, rather narrow, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceo-
late, acute, 5-6 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 2 lin. long,
odd one linear-oblong; lateral oblong, much broader. Petals united
for nearly half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one.
Lip galeate, 24 lin. long, and the same in breadth; basal third
united to the lateral sepals; mouth narrow owing to the inflexed sides ;
apex incurved with narrow sharply reflexed margin ; spurs linear-oblong,
nearly straight, 4 lin. long ; basal angles of galea with an additional pair
of short spurs, 4—3 lin. long, in front of the normal ones. Column 2 lin.
long; stigma broadly ovate, obtuse ; rostellum trilobed, side lobes minute
and tooth-like, front lobe much larger and trowel-shaped.—S. coriopho-
roides, var. sacculata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 295.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Batagu, 10,000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
7964! Nyamwamba, 10,000 ft., in peat moss, Scott-Elliot, 8097 !
Differs from S. coriophoroides, A. Rich., in numerous particulars, especially in the

presence of an additional pair of small spurs, a character only found in S. shirense,
Rolfe,

7. S. shirense, Rolfe. Plant 14-1} ft. high, with two alternate
leaves above the base, one or two tubular sheaths below the leaves, an
three oblong-lanceolate ones above. Leaves elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,
33-4 in. long, 14-13 in. broad. Raceme oblong, narrow, 2-3 in. long.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5-8 lin. long. Pedicels 2} lm. long.
Sepals 2 lin. long; odd one cuneate-oblong, obtuse ; lateral rather
longer and nearly twice as broad. Petals united for half their length to
the sepals, and half as broad as the odd one. Lip galeate, carinate,
1? lin. long, slightly more than half as broad, basai half united to

Satyrium.] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). 267

the lateral sepals; mouth oblong; narrow margin and obtuse apex
reflexed; spurs linear-filiform, 4—44 lin, long; basal angle of galea
with a pair of additional triangular sacs, 4—3 lin. long. Column 14 lin.
long ; stigma broadly rounded, sides somewhat reflexed ; rostellum very
SS roundish, with reflexed apex, and a pair of minute teeth at
the base.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, Buchanan !

8. S. longissimum, Rolfe. Plant tall, apex only seen. Raceme
rather lax, 5-6 in. long. Bracts ovate, subacute, 7-14 lin. long.
Pedicels 4 lin. long. Flowers white. Sepals 6 lin. long, the odd one
narrowly oblong, obtuse; lateral broader, spreading. Petals united for
a quarter of their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one.
Lip galeate, 5 lin. long, the basal fourth united to the lateral sepals ;
mouth broad; apex broad, reflexed, very obtuse, somewhat plicate
and apiculate; spurs elongate-linear, 15-20 lin. long. Column 4 lin.
long; stigma obcordate; rostellum trilobed, side lobes broadly trian-
Ee front lobe orbicular, reflexed, much larger than the side
obes.

Mozamb. Dist. South-east Tropical Africa, without locality !

; Described from a specimen presented to Kew by Mr. J. O’Brien, who received it
without a precise indication of locality.

9. S. riparium, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1865, 183. Tubers ovoid-
oblong, 4-3? in. long. Plant 14 ft. high, with six or seven tubular
sheaths, upper lanceolate, acute at the apex. Leaves on barren shoot
(one only seen), ovate, obtuse, 14 in. long, 9 lin. broad. Raceme
elongated, 6 in. long, lax. Bracts ovate, acute, 3-8 lin. long. Pedicels
23-3 lin. long. Flowers waxy yellow. Sepals 24-3 lin. long; odd one
cuneate-oblong, obtuse; lateral falcate-oblong, subobtuse, rather longer
and much broader. Petals united for two-thirds of their length
to the sepals, and slightly narrower than the odd one. Lip galeate,
¢arinate, 3-34 in. long, basal half or rather more united to the lateral
Sepals; mouth rather broad; apex constricted behind the broadly
ovate, subacute, reflexed limb; spurs linear-filiform, curved, 9-10 lin.
long. Column 24 lin. long; stigma broadly obcordate-oblong, inflexed
at the sides; rostellum oblong, obtuse, laterally compressed.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; by the side of the River Humpata, very
sparsely distributed, Welwitsch, 730!

10. S. Volkensii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 425. Tubers
ovoid-oblong, 7—14 lin. long. Plant stout, 2} ft. high, with numerous
acute sheaths. Leaves two, on basal barren shoots, ovate-oblong, obtuse
or apiculate, 44-5 in. long, 2-24 in. broad. Racemes elongate, 12-14 in.
long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 5-12 lin.
long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 2 lin. long; odd one oblong, obtuse ;
lateral nearly twice as broad. Petals united for half their length to the
Sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, carinate, 2-2} lin. long,
half united to the lateral sepals; mouth roundish-oblong; narrow margin

268 CXXXIII, ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

and obtuse apex reflexed; spurs linear-filiform, much curved, 6-7 lin.
long. Column 1} lin. long; stigma obovately rounded; rostellum
triangular-ovate, with a pair of small teeth at the base.—s. brachy-
petalum, Kranz, in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. ©. 153, in part (not of A.
Rich.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 4700 ft.,
Volkens, 270!

11. S. minax, Rolfe. Tubers oblong, 1-14 in. long. Plant 14-3 ft.
high, with several ovate or lanceolate acute sheaths above, lower
sheaths tubular. Stems reddish. Leaves two, on basal barren
shoots, elliptic-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 3-6 in. long, 4-2 in.
broad, sometimes with a single, shorter leaf below the middle of the
stem. Raceme elongate, somewhat lax, 8—11 in. long. Flowers white,
spurs and hood tinged with pink. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,
6-10 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 2-3 lin. long; odd one
lanceolate-oblong, subacute; lateral falcately cuneate-oblong, longer
and twice as broad. Petals united for half their length or more to the
sepals, cuneate, obtuse, ciliate, and more membranous than the odd
sepal. Lip galeate, subcompressed, carinate, 24-3 lin. long, basal half
united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather narrow ; margin and obtuse
apex reflexed ; spurs narrowly linear, recurved, 4-5 lin. long. Column
13-2 lin. long; stigma ovate-oblong, obtuse ; rostellum trilobed, obtusely
keeled behind, side lobes oblong, small, front lobe much larger, triangular-
ovate, subobtuse, with reflexed sides.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last ! Blantyre, open woods on hillside, Scott !

12. S. elongatum, Rolfe. Plant stout, 24-24 in. high, with six
or seven oblong-lanceolate sheaths, 24-4 in. long, more or less
tubular below, especially the lower. Raceme elongate, 10-12 in. long,
somewhat dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-10 lin. long.
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 2 lin. long; odd one cuneate-oblong,
obtuse; lateral rather longer and much broader. Petals united for
nearly half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one.
Lip galeate, rather fleshy, subcompressed, 2 lin. long, basal third or
rather more united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather narrow, the
narrow margin and obtuse apex reflexed ; spurs linear, curved, 3% lin.
long. Column 1? lin. long; stigma broadly obovate-rounded, sides
somewhat inflexed; rostellum triangular-ovate, subcompressed, with @
pair of small lateral teeth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, South of Lake
Tanganyika, Carson, 60!

13. S. chlorocorys, Reichb. f. ex Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2;
ii. 350 (name only). Plant stout, 3-14 ft. high, 3-4-leaved near the base,
with two or three lanceolate sheaths above. Leaves elliptic- or ovate-
oblong, subacute or apiculate, 24-44 in. long, 1-13 in. broad. Raceme
elongate, 4 or more in. long, somewhat lax. Bracts ovate or ovate-

Satyrium. | CXXXIII, ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 269

lanceolate, acute, 7-10 lin. long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Flowers
green. Sepals 2—2} lin. long, odd one oblong, obtuse; lateral twice as
broad. Petals united for half their length to the sepals, spathulate.
Lip galeate, keeled, 2—24 lin. long, the basal third united to the sepals;
sides inflexed at the base; mouth suborbicular above, nearly closed
below; apex very broad, slightly reflexed ; spurs linear, slightly curved,
6 lin. long. Column 1} lin. long; stigma broadly obovate-rounded ;
rostellum trilobed, side lobes oblong, submembranous, front lobe longer,
laterally dilated, obtuse, fleshy, inflexed.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 7000-10,000 ft., Johnston,
182! Thomson!

14. S. Krzenzlinii, Rolfe. Tubers oblong, 7-8 lin. long. Plant
1} ft. high, 1- or 2-leaved near the base, with three lanceolate, acute
sheaths above. Leaves ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 4 in. long, 14 in. broad.
Raceme 5 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5—9 lin.
long. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Sepals 2 lin. long; odd one cuneate-
oblong, obtuse ; lateral rather longer and much broader. Petals united
for half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, subcompressed, 2} lin. long, basal fourth united to the lateral
sepals; mouth rather narrow ; apex short and broad, slightly reflexed ;
spurs linear, slightly curved, 5 lin. long. Column 2 lin. long; stigma
obovately rounded, crenulate; rostellum trilobed, side lobes oblong,
small, front lobe oblong, obtuse, larger.—S. brachypetalum, Kränz, in
Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 153, in part (not of A. Rich.).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, Volkens, 999!

15. S. mechowianum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 65. Plant
14-16 in. high, leafy from the base. Leaves cauline, two or three, lan-
ceolate, acute or acuminate, with long ample sheaths, the longest 8 in.
long by 12-14 lin. broad, the remainder gradually decreasing upwards.

aceme dense and congested, many-flowered. Bracts very large, much
longer than the flowers, spreading upon flowering, before and after
erect, never reflexed. Flowers among the smallest in the genus, white.
Odd sepal united with the petals to the middle into a cuneate limb,
the free parts of the three united organs linear, obtuse; lateral twice as
broad, oblong, obtuse, concave, very minutely fimbriate, slightly twisted.
Lip cucullate, subcompressed behind, very broad; spurs acute, much
Shorter than the pilose ovary, but equalling the sepals, petals and lip.
Column elongate.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Malange, Mechow, 284,

Only known to me from the description, but said to be most allied to S. corio-
Phoroides, A. Rich,

16. S. coriophoroides, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xiv. 274,
t. 18, fig. 3. Tuber ovoid-oblong, 14-14 in. long. Plant stout, 13-2?
ft. high. Leaves cauline, numerous, oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse,
Sheathing at the base, 2-4 in. long, the lower one or two reduced to
tubular sheaths, the remainder gradually diminishing in size upwards ;

270 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

leaves two, on barren shoots at the base, rather broader. Raceme
oblong or elongate, 4-8 in. long, very dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, 6-12 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 3 lin.
long, odd one linear-oblong, obtuse; lateral rather longer and twice
as broad. Petals united for half their length to the sepals, similar to
the odd one, Lip galeate, 3 lin. long, and quite as broad, half the
broad basal angle united to the lateral sepals; mouth broad, with a
narrow reflexed margin ; apex obtuse; spurs linear, curved, 5-6 lin.
long. Column much curved, 3 lin. long; stigma broadly ovate ;
rostellum triangular, subacute, with a pair of minute teeth at the
base.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 298, t. 89. AS. macrostachyum,
Hochst. ex A. Rich. Le 298.

Wile Land, Abyssinia: Tigre; Mt. Sholoda, Quartin-Dillon ; Sana Dist., on moun-
tains near Dochli, Schimper, 1606! Shire; near Avar Semmaka, Quartin-Dillon; with-
out precise locality, Schimper, 620! Schimper, 1297! Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 231!

17. S. densum, Rolfe. Plant stout, 2-2} ft. high, 2-leaved, with
a broad tubular sheath below, and several narrower acute ones above.
Leaves oblanceolate- or obovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 6-7 in.
long, 14-2} in. broad. Raceme elongate, 7—9 in. long, dense-flowered.
Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or subacute, 3-1 in. long.
Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals reflexed, 4 lin. long, the odd one nar-
rowly oblong, subobtuse; lateral nearly twice as broad, spreading.
Petals reflexed, united for a third of their length to the sepals, and
similar to the oddone. Lip galeate, subcompressed, 34 lin. long, the
basal third united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather narrow; apex
broadly triangular-ovate, apiculate, reflexed ; spurs elongate-linear,
slightly curved, 8-9 lin. long. Column 34 lin. long; stigma broadly
ovate ; rostellum trilobed, side lobes minute and tooth-like, front lobe
spathulate, with the sides reflexed towards the base and a broadly ovate
orbicular apex. $

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, top
of Zomba, Buchanan, 303! :

18. S. Buchanani, Rolfe. Tuber oblong, 3-1 in. long. Plant
stout, 13-2 ft. high, 2-3-leaved, with two broad tubular sheaths below
the leaves, and five or six lanceolate ones above. Leaves broadly
elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, subacute or abruptly apiculate, 3-6
in. long, 14-3 in. broad. Raceme oblong or elongate, 4-7 in. long;
usually dense-flowered, rarely somewhat lax. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acute or subacuminate, 8—11 lin. long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Flowers
red. Sepals 5-6 lin. long; odd one oblong-lanceolate, obtuse ; lateral
slightly broader, spreading. Petals united for nearly half their length
to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed,
34—4 lin. long, the basal fourth united to the lateral sepals; mouth
rather narrow; apex broadly ovate, apiculate, reflexed ; spurs narrow,
curved, 5-7 lin. long. Column 3-34 lin. long ; stigma broadly ovate ;
Sibu broad, trilobed, side lobes rounded, front lobe longer an
acute.

Satyriwm. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). 271

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, top of
Zomba, Buchanan, 307! Near Blantyre, Last ! Mwata Manga stream, 4000ft., Kirk !
Zambesiland, Kirk ! Nyasaland, Buchanan !

19. S. Kirkii, Malte, Plant tall, 14 ft. or more high, upper part
of raceme with several lanceolate, subacute sheaths, 14-3 in. high;
base not seen. Raceme elongate, 6—10 in. long, dense-flowered. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-9 lin. long. Pedicels 4 lin. long. Sepals
3 lin. long ; odd one narrowly oblong, subobtuse ; lateral rather broader,
spreading, Petals united for a quarter of their length to the sepals,
similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed, 2} lin. long,
the basal third united to the lateral sepals, strongly constricted behind
the apex; mouth narrow; apex broad, obtuse, slightly crenulate,
reflexed ; spurs linear-filiform, curved, 34—44 lin. long. Column 2 lin.
long; stigma broadly ovate; rostellum trilobed, side lobes triangular-
faleate, front lobe pandurate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; near Mt, Sochi, Kirk !
and without precise locality, Buchanan !

20. S. niloticum, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 296. Plant stout,
over 14 ft. long, upper part with two lanceolate sheath-like leaves, 3—4
in. long, base not seen. Raceme oblong, 4 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, }-1} in. long. Pedicels 4
lin. long. Sepals 3 lin. long; odd one oblong, obtuse, lateral slightly
broader, spreading. Petals united for a quarter of their length to
the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed, 24
lin. long, the basal fourth united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather
narrow, slightly constricted below the short, broad, obtuse apex; spurs
narrow, curved, 44 lin. long. Column 2} lin. long; stigma oblong ;
rostellum broad, tridentate.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Kavirondo ; Nandi Range, 70 Wee
a marsh, Scott-Elliot, 6938 !

21. S. crassicaule, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 295. Plant stout,
2-3 ft. high, with several lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, cauline leaves
4-16 in, long, 3-14 in. broad. Raceme oblong, 4-9 in. long, dense-
flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, subacuminate, }-1 in. long. Pedicels
3-4 lin. long. Sepals 2-2} lin. long; odd one elliptic-oblong, obtuse ;
lateral much broader, spreading. Petals united for a quarter of
their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate,
2 lin. long, very broad, the basal third united to the lateral sepals ;
mouth broad, sides constricted below the short, broadly triangular,
somewhat reflexed apex; spurs narrow, curved, 54 lin. long. Column
17 lin. long; stigma broadly ovate; rostellum trilobed, front lobe
orbicular, side lobes smaller and tooth-like.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Wimi, 6000-7000 ft., in marshy
places, Scott-Ellixt, 7851! and on sunny hillsides at the same elevation, Scott- Elliot,
7812! Butagu, 10,000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7949! 8008, in part! 8059,

272 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

22, S. Ivantalæ, Reichb. in Flora, 1865, 183. Tubers ovoid or
globose, 6-10 lin. long. Plant 1-14 ft. high, 2—3-leaved. Leaves elliptic-
oblong, subacute, 4-44 in. long, 1ł}—1ł in. broad, with a basal one
reduced to a broad sheath, and about three lanceolate, acute sheaths
above. Raceme elongate-oblong, 3—4 in. or more long. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 7—10 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Flowers
white, striped with rose. Sepals 4 lin. long; the odd one linear-
oblong, subobtuse; lateral slightly broader, spreading. Petals united
for half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, subcompressed, 3 lin. long, half united to the lateral sepals,
mouth rather narrow ; apex very obtuse; spurs linear, slightly curved,
4 lin. long. Column 2# lin. long; stigma very broad; rostellum very
broad, obtuse, with a pair of small triangular teeth at the angles.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lake Ivantala, not infrequent in
marshes, and between Quilengues and Ivantala, frequent, Welwitsch, 729!

23. S. brachypetalum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 299, t. 90.
Tuber ovoid-oblong, 6-10 lin. long. Plant stout, 1-14 ft. high. Leaves
cauline, numerous, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 14-34 in. long, the
lower reduced to a sheath, the rest diminishing upwards; leaves of
the basal barren shoots one or two, longer than the others. Raceme
elongate, 3-6 lin. long, somewhat dense. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, 7-9 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 2} lin.
long, minutely ciliolate; odd one linear-oblong, obtuse ; lateral slightly
longer, and nearly twice as broad. Petals united for half their
length to the sepals, similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, 3 lin. long
by half as broad; basal half united to the lateral sepals; mouth
roundish-oblong, its margin, as well as the broad obtuse apex, reflexed ;
spurs linear, curved, 5-64 lin. long. Column 24 lin. long; stigma
obovately rounded, crenulate; rostellum ovate, subacute.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mt. Heja, near Adowa, north side, 9000 ft.,
Schimper, 550! Shire; on mountains, among herbs, Quartin-Dillon. Begemeder ;
Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1263! Jan Meda, 8500 ft., Schimper, 12974!

24. S. Schimperi, Hochst.ex A Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 300, t. 91.
Tubers ovoid-globose or ovoid-oblong, 9-11 lin. long. Plant $-1 ft.
high, 2-leaved, with two broad sheaths below the leaves and two
lanceolate ones above. Leaves ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 2-3 in. long,
1-1} in. broad. Raceme 2-3 in. long, rather lax. Bracts ovate or
ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-10 lin. long. Pedicels 24-3 in. long. Sepals
24-2} lin. long; odd one oblong, obtuse; lateral broader. Petals
united for half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one.
Lip galeate, subcompressed, keeled, 24-3 lin. long, the basal half or
rather more united to the lateral sepals; mouth oblong; apex with very
broad, short, apiculate, reflexed limb; spurs linear, curved, 24-3 lin.
long. Column 2 lin. long ; stigma large, broadly ovate-oblong ; rostellum
shortly bilobed.

Nile Gand. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Maigouagoua, Quartin-Dillon! Semen;
near Enjedcap, Schimper, 1185! Begemeder; Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper;

Satyrium. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE), 273

1331! Mt. Woa, Mohassera Mariam, Schimper, 1252! without precise locality,
Schimper, 593 !

25. S. zombense, Folfe. Tuber oblong, 1 in. long. Plant 14—14 ft.
high, about 4-leaved, with two broad basal sheaths. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, apiculate, 14-34 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad. Raceme oblong,
2—4 in. long, dense-flowered. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 6-8 lin.
long. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Sepals 34 lin. long; odd one narrowly
oblong, obtuse; lateral twice as broad, spreading. Petals united for
half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, 4 lin. long, the basal sixth united to the lateral sepals; mouth
rather open ; apex very broad and truncate, slightly reflexed; spurs
linear-oblong, 3 lin. long. Column 3 lin. long; stigma broadly ovate ;
_ rostellum tridenticulate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, top
of Zomba, Buchanan, 304!

26. S. occultum, Rolfe. Plant 1 ft. or more high, 3-4-leaved ;
base not seen. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 24-8 in. long, 4—14
in. broad. Raceme oblong, 2-4 in. long, many-flowered. Bracts lan-
ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 3-1} in. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals
3 lin. long; odd one narrowly oblong, subobtuse; lateral twice as
broad, spreading. Petals united for half their length to the sepals,
rather narrower than the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed,
3-3} lin. long, the basal fourth united to the lateral sepals; mouth
rather narrow ; apex broad and obtuse, reflexed ; spurs linear, slightly
curved, 2 lin. long. Column 2 lin. long; stigma short and very broad ;
rostellum trilobed.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 287!

27. S. Nuttii, Rolfe. Plant 2 ft. or more high, 2- or more-leaved,
with three lanceolate leaves above; base not seen. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, subacute, 6-7 in. long, 1-1} in. broad. Raceme 4-5 in.
long, rather narrow. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4-8 lin. long.
Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 23 lin. long, odd one linear-oblong,
obtuse; lateral nearly twice as broad. Petals united for half their
length to the sepals, and much narrower than the odd one. Lip
galeate, 2-23 lin. long, basal fifth united to the lateral sepals; mouth
broad with sides inflexed near the base; apex very broad, obtuse, and
minutely crenulate ; spurs linear-oblong, slightly curved, 2 lin. long.
Zeg 2 lin. long; stigma broadly rounded, obtuse; rostellum

ilobed.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Kamboli, South-west of Lake Tan-
ganyika, 5000 ft., Nutt !

28. S. Welwitschii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 182. Tuber ovoid-
oblong, lł in. long. Plant stout, 2 ft. high, 4—7-leaved. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, subacute, 3-7 in. long, 4—14 in. broad, the two or three

VOL. VII T

274 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). [Satyrium.

lower reduced to broad tubular sheaths. Racemes 2—4 in. long, dense,
many-flowered, Bracts ovate, subacute, 6-10 lin. long. Pedicels
3 lin. long. Flowers violet-purple. Sepals 6-7 lin. long, odd one
linear-oblong, obtuse; lateral oblong or ovate-oblong, and twice as
broad, spreading. Petals united for half their length to the sepals, and
similar to the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed, 6 lin. long, the
basal third united to the lateral sepals; mouth 1 lin. broad ; apex broad
and apiculate ; spurs linear-oblong, 3—4 lin. long. Column 34 lin. long;
stigma broadly ovate, apiculate; rostellum broad, shortly bilobed, with
obtuse lobes.—Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 238.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Varzea do Ferrao da Sola, and Lopollo, in
swamps, Welwitsch, 726! and without precise locality, Antunes, 16!

29. S. breve, Rolfe. Plant 14-1} ft. high, with several lanceolate,
or oblong-lanceolate, cauline leaves, 2-4} in. long; lower leaves not
seen. Raceme short or oblong, 2-3 in. long, dense. Bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acute, 6-9 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Sepals 6 lin. long;
odd one linear-oblong, obtuse; lateral oblong, and twice as broad,
spreading. Petals united for half their length to the sepals, slightly
narrower than the odd one. Lip galeate, subcompressed, 54 lin. long,
the basal third united to the lateral sepals; mouth rather narrow;
apex broadly rounded, slightly crenulate; spurs oblong, 2 lin. long.
ce 3 lin. long; stigma broadly ovate; rostellum broad and stout,

ilobed.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, common
in the web months, Buchanan, 314!

30. S. leucocomos, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1865, 182. Plant very
stout, 14-1} ft. high, 5-8-leaved. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, subacute,
3-6 in. long, 3-14 in. broad, the two or three lower reduced to
broad sheaths. Racemes short and dense, 2 in. or more long, many-
flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 3-14 in. long. Flowers white.
Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Sepals 6 lin. long; odd one subspathulate-
linear, obtuse; lateral oblong and twice as broad. Petals united for
half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, subcompressed, 44 lin. long, the basal 2 lin. united to the
lateral sepals; mouth 14 lin. broad; apex broad and very obtuse oF
retuse ` spurs broadly saccate, 1-1} lin. long. Column 2 lin. long;
E broadly triangular-ovate, subobtuse; rostellum broad, tridenti-
culate,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Lopollo, Welwitsch, 728!

31. S. paludosum, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1865, 182. Plant 14 ft-
high, 5-8-leaved. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subacute,
2-4 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, the two lower reduced to broa
tubular sheaths. Raceme nearly ovoid, dense, ultimately somewhat
elongated, 2 in. or more long. SBracts ovate-lanceolate, subacute, iis
lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Flowers white. Sepals 5 lin. long;
odd one linear-oblong, obtuse, with reflexed sides; lateral oblong

Satyrium. ] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 275

and more than twice as broad, spreading. Petals united for nearly
half their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip
galeate, 4-4} lin. long, the basal third united to the lateral sepals;
mouth broad and round ; apex very broad and obtuse; spurs broadly
saccate, scarcely 4 lin. long. Column 24 lin. long; stigma very broad
and obtuse; very short, broad, and somewhat bilobed.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; Lopollo, near the River Ferrao da Sola,
in swampy meadows, Welwitsch, 727 !

32. S. longibracteatum, Rolfe in Bolet. Soc. Brot. vii. 238.
Scape tall, the upper part with three erect, lanceolate subacute sheaths,
14-2 in. long, base and leaves not seen. Raceme short and dense, 2 in.
long, many-flowered. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, spreading, much
longer than the flowers, 3-1 in. long. Pedicels 24 lin. long. Sepals
reflexed, obovate-elliptical, obtuse, with revolute margins, 2 lin. long,
lateral broader and somewhat spreading. Petals united for a third
of their length to the sepals, and similar to the odd one. Lip galeate,
2} lin. long, the basal fifth united to the lateral sepals; mouth 1} lin.
broad; apex broad and obtuse; spurs broadly saccate, obtuse, $ lin.
long. Column 14 lin. long; stigma broadly triangular-ovate, sub-
apiculate ; rostellum quadrate, emarginate or slightly bilobed.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 17!

33. S. Mechowii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1882, 531. Leaves 4-8,
decreasing upwards into the bracts. Raceme cylindrical, dense-flowered.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, longer than the flowers, reflexed during
flowering. Lip calceolate, arched in the middle, withont spurs.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malanje, Mechow, 234B.

Only known to me from the description, in which it is said to be allied to
S., paludosum, Beicht, f., but distinct in the absence of spurs, in which respect it
resembles the South African S. muticum, Lindl.

44, DISA, Berg. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 630
(by N. E. Brown).

Sepals free, the odd one dorsal in the Tropical species, concave,
hood-shaped, or helmet-shaped, with or rarely without one spur or
sac. Petals usually much smaller than the sepals, generally more or
less adnate to the column at the base, often included within the dorsal
Sepal, but quite free from it, very variable in shape. Lip anticous,
Sessile or clawed, entire, lobed, or fringed, but not crested. Column
short. Anther erect, horizontal, or reflexed, 2-celled, the cells dis-
tinct and parallel; pollinia solitary in each cell, granular, attached
by short or long caudicles to one gland, or to two distinct glands,
Seated at the apex or in the arms of the rostellum. Rostellum
erect, subentire, bifid, or trifid at the apex, sometimes with side pro-
cesses, often more or less adnate to the base of the petals, and some-
times forming a ridge upon them. Stigma seated in front of the
rostellum, cushion-like. Capsule straight or twisted, erect, subcylindric,

276 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). [ Disa.

clavate, or narrowly ellipsoid.—Terrestrial herbs, with simple sessile
tubers. Leaves appearing with or before the flowers ; the larger foliage-
leaves often produced on a distinct growth from ‘that which bears
flowers; those of the flowering stem often reduced to sheaths. Flowers
large or small, solitary, corymbose, racemose, or in dense or lax spikes,
bracteate. .

Species about 130, mostly South African, a few in Madagascar.
*Dorsal sepal spathulate, with a distinct channelled claw.
Anther erect.
Dorsal sepal 14-2 in. long. Apical part of petals
linear, 2—3 times as broad as the middle part . 1. D. Carsoni.
Dorsal sepal about 1 in. long. Apical part of petals
linear, scarcely broader than the middle part . 2. D. erubescens.
Dorsal sepal 7-8 lin. long. Upper pai of petals
linear-spathulate . 3. D. zombica.
** Dorsal sepal not spathulate and without a claw, but
sometimes cuneately narrowed to the base.
Anther erect. Dorsal sepal concave or boat-shaped ;
spur 14—44 lin. long, pendulous from its base.
Lip near with a tooth on each side at its base . 4. D. scutellifera.
Lip linear without teeth at its base.
Petals 2—lobed.
Spike 5-8 in. long, 3—1 in. thick.
Posterior lobe of petals linear, sigmoid,

obtuse . ; : 5. D. Schimperi.
Posterior lobe of petals linear-lanceolate,
acute . 6. D. ochrostachya.

Spike 1-5 in. long, 342 in. ‘thick, very
dense. Posterior lobe of E sub-
spathulate or obovate e

Petals entire, lanceolate, acute è
Anther horizontal. Dorsal sepal hood-shaped ; spur
8-9 lin. long, pendulous from its base . , 9. D. Stairsii,
Antber horizontal. Dorsal sepal helmet or ex-
tinguisher-shaped ; spur usually with a broad
conical base, ascending, horizontal, or re-
curved (subpendulous in D. versicolor).
Lip entire.
Spur slender, several times longer than its
apical diameter.
Spur straight.
Flowers under ? in, in diam.
Spur 23-3 lin. long. Petals oblong,
obtuse ` . 10. D. saxicola.
Spur 1 in. long. Petals ‘obovate or
spathulate, obtuse . 11. D. Emini.
Flowers about 1 in. in diam. Spur ii
in, long, petals falcate, acute . . 12. D. robusta.
Spur curved or subpendulous.
Flowers large, more than 3 in. in diam.
Petals linear, faleate, obtuse 5 . 13. D. Waller.
Flowers small,
Petals obovate or spathulate, obtuse . 11. D. Emini.
Petals rhomboid-oblong, acute . . 14. D. hircicornis.

. D. Welwitschii.
, D. Deckenii.

o N

Disa.] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (BROWN). 277

Petals obliquely ovate, semisagittate on

the dorsal side . 5 e . 15. D. versicolor,
Spur stout, not more than three times as long
as thick.

Dorsal sepal erect, its mouth more or less in
a line with the axis of the ovary.

Spur 1—12 lin. thick or broad at the apex.

Bracts 2-3 lin. broad. Lateral sepals

minutely apiculate. : . 16. D. equestris.
Bracts 1-13 lin. broad, Lateral sepals
with an apiculus 1 lin. long . . 17. D. concinna.

Spur 3-2 lin. thick at the apex. . 18. D. pulchella.
Dorsal sepal reflexed, its mouth at a right
angle to the axis of the ovary. Lip
spathulate-oblong . S . . 19. D. aperta.
Lip deeply fringed . e S : ; . 20. D. hamatopetala.

1. D. Carsoni, N. E Brown. Plant 16-18 in. (or more) high,
glabrous. Stem clothed to the top with appressed, sheath-like, acumi-
nate leaves, the lower veined and mottled with red. Spike about
6 in. long, 34-4 in. diameter, lax, 10-12-flowered. Flowers large.
Bracts shorter than the flowers, 1-1? in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate. Dorsal sepal witb an erect, incurved claw
10-13 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, and an elliptic, obtuse, concave limb
8-9 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, with a clavate spur from the middle of its
back, 7-8 lin. long, 1 lin. thick near the apex. Lateral sepals widely
Spreading and ascending, 14 in. long, 6-64 lin. broad, oblanceolate-
oblong, obtuse, concave in the apical part, obliquely attached at the
base. Petals 14—12 in. long; the basal part with large semi-eiliptic
auricles 6-7 lin. long, 34—44 lin. broad; the upper part linear, fol-
lowing the curve of the claw of the dorsal sepal to the base of the
limb, and in this part 4 lin. broad, then dilated to 1ł}—14 lin. broad,
and abruptly curved outwards and then upwards, like a pair of horns,
the part above the curve 6-7 lin. long. Lip pendulous, 12-14 lin. long,
+1 lin. broad, linear, acute. Anther erect, 4 lin. long, oblong. Ros-
tellum short, emarginate, not folded between the anther-cells.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 22 !

This is the finest of all the Tropical African species of Disa, and evidently a very
handsome plant. The stem-leaves appear to be glaucous and somewhat tinted with
red. The bracts appear to be of a reddish colour, and the inside of the limb of the
dorsal sepal and apical part of the petals are distinctly spotted with purple, whilst the
large lateral sepals look as if they may have been of an orange tint.

2. D. erubescens, Rendle in Journ. of Bot. 1895, 297. Plant
15-22 in. high, glabrous. Stem clothed with coriaceous, lanceolate,
acuminate, appressed sheath-like leaves 14-3 in. long, the basal sheaths
Spotted. Leaves of barren stem a foot long, 4—6 lin. broad, linear,
Spike 3-5 in. long, lax. Flowers large, deep red. Bracts shorter than
the flowers, 1-1} in. long, 4-6 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, acuminate.

orsal sepal with an erect channelled claw 5-6 lin. long, and a boat-

278 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). [ Disa.

shaped limb 4 in. long, 3—4 lin. broad, arching forward, with a slender,
clavate spur 5 lin. long, ascending or horizontally directed from its
middle (Ge, 8-9 lin. above the base of the sepal). Lateral sepals 8-9
lin. long, 3 lin. broad, spreading and more or less ascending, oblong,
subacute and slightly hooded at the apex, obliquely attached at the
base. Petals 10-11 lin. long, broadly auricled at the base, linear above ;
the auricle 5 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, semicordate, tapering upwards;
the linear part 5-6 lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, channelled down the face,
with a double curve, first downwards or outwards, then upwards, at
the middle, obtuse. Lip 6 lin. long, ł—} lin. broad, linear. Anther
erect, 2-3 lin. long, oblong. Rostellum short, truncate, folded between
the anther-cells.

A Zheng Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot,

809! ,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
5250 ft., Nutt ! Nyasaland; between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte,
348! Plateau of Mount Zomba, 5000-6000 ft., Whyte !

The Fwambo specimen is more slender than the others, with lanceolate acuminate

bracts as long as, or longer than, the flowers, and has dried a different colour, but in
floral structure is indistinguishable.

3. D. zombica, A. E. Brown. Plant 13-2 ft. high, glabrous.
Leaves of barren shoot 5—7 in. long, 6-8 lin. broad. Leaves of stem
14-2 in. long, 8-9 lin. broad, ovate or lanceolate, acute or acuminate,
erect and somewhat appressed. Spike 6-7 in. long, 14 in. thick,
moderately dense. Flowers of moderate size. Bracts longer than
the flowers, 14-2 in. long, 4-5 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate.
Dorsal sepal erect, 7-8 lin. long, with a channelled claw about 4 lin.
long, 14 lin. broad, and a hooded limb 3-4 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad,
obtusely rounded at the apex, cuneate into the claw at the base,
with a clavate, pendulous spur 24 lin. long, ł lin. thick, at the
junction of the limb and claw. Lateral sepals spreading and ascending,
7-74 lin. long, 3-34 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse and concave at the apex,
obliquely attached at the base. Petals 7-8 lin. long, entire spathulate-
lanceolate, obtuse, with semicordate auricles at the base, 14 lin. broad,
tapering above, the spathulate part 14 lin. broad. Lip 64-74 lin. long,
3 lin. broad, linear, obtuse. Anther erect, 23 lin. long, oblong. Ros-
tellum short, dorsally keeled between the anther-cells; keel produced
into a minute tooth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Top of Zomba Mountain,
Buchanan 305!

4. D. scutellifera, A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér., 2 xiv. 272, t. 18,
f- 1. Plant 14-2 ft. high. Stem leafy to the top. Leaves longer than
the internodes, erect, their non-sheathing portion 3-34 in. long, 8-12
lin. broad, decreasing upwards, lanceolate-oblong or ovate-oblong, acute.
Bracts 1-1} in. long, 5-6 lin. broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate. Dorsal sepal 6-7 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, erect, rhomboid,
subacute, broadly boat-shaped ; spur slender, 4 lin. long, 4 lin. thick,

Disa. | OXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN), 279

cylindric, pendulous. Lateral sepals spreading and ascending, 6 lin.
long, 24 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute. Petals 44-5 lin. long,
2 lin. broad, unequally 2-lobed to the middle; the posterior lobe 24~3
lin. long, 4—3 lin. broad, faleate-linear, obtuse or subacute; the anterior
lobe much shorter than the posterior, broadly rounded, ear-shaped.
Lip 5-6 lin. long, linear and less than } lin. broad, except at the base,
where it is dilated to 1 lin. in breadth for about 1 lin. of its length, the
dilated part ending in a tooth on each side. Anther erect, oblong,
23-3 lin. long. Rostellum short, with a fold between the anthers.—
A. Rich, Fl. Abyss. ii. 302, t. 94; Walp. Ann. iii. 590.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Mt. Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon! and
Without precise locality, Parkyns !

5. D. Schimperi, A. E Brown. Plant 2-2} ft. high, glabrous.
Stem leafy to the top. Leaves of barren shoot 1 ft. long, 7-14 lin.
broad, strap-shaped, acute. Leaves of flowering stem longer than the
internodes, with a tubular sheath and an ascending or spreading blade
13-4 in. long, 7-12 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or
obtuse. Spike 6-8 in. long, about an inch thick, not very dense.
Flowers carmine-red. Bracts equalling or longer than the flowers,
3-1 in. long, 44-5 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute. Dorsal sepal
84-4 lin. long, 2~24 lin. broad, erect, elliptic, obtuse, broadly boat-
shaped; spur 2-23 lin. long, } lin. thick, straight, subcylindrical,
obtuse, pendulous. Lateral sepals spreading and ascending, 4 lin. long,
2-2} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse. Petals 3—4 lin. long, 13—2 lin. broad,
unequally 2-lobed ; the posterior lobe about 14 lin. long, 4 lin. broad,
Sigmoid, linear, obtuse; the anterior lobe much shorter than the
posterior, suborbicular. Lip 3 lin. long, }-4 lin. broad, linear, sub-
obtuse. Anther erect, 1? lin. long, oblong. Rostellum short, with a fold
between the anther-cells.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; at Sanka Berr on the River Reb, 6500 ft.
Schimper ! 1309!

Closely allied to D, scutellifera, A. Rich., but is distinguished by its smaller
flowers, and by its lip, which is not toothed on each side at the base, as in that
Species,

_ 6. D. ochrostachya, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1865, 181. Plant 1-2 ft.
high, glabrous. Leaves of barren growth only seen in a very young
state, 14-3 in. long, 5 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute. Flowering
stem with numerous, coriaceous, sheath-like, acuminate leaves, closely
embracing the stem. Spike 5-8 in, long, $-1 in. thick, not very dense.
Bracts equalling, longer or shorter than the flowers, 6—9 lin. long, 2-23
lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, acuminate, reddish. Flowers
small, yellowish-white. Dorsal sepal erect, 3} lin. long, 14-2 lin.
broad, rhomboid, boat-shaped, obtuse, cuneately narrowed from the
middle to the base; spur 44 lin. long, inflated, }—1 lin. thick, obtuse,
Straight, pendulous, and usually applied to the ovary, ` Lateral sepals
about 3 lin. long, 14-12 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, widely spreading
and slightly ascending. Petals 23-3 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, cuneately

280 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). [ Disa.

narrowed from the middle to the base, unequally 2-lobed to the
middle; posterior lobe linear-lanceolate, acute or obtuse ; anterior lobe
much shorter than, and twice as broad as, the posterior, oblong or
subquadrate, very obtuse or obliquely subtruncate, minutely crenulate.
Lip about 3 lin. long, linear, acute. Anther erect, 1} lin. long, oblong.
Rostellum transversely oblong or subquadrate, broadly rounded in front,
with a minute tubercle on its face.—D. aurantiaca, Reichb. f. in Flora,
1867, 98,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Lopollo, Welwitsch, 712! 713!

7. D. Welwitschii, Beicht, f. in Flora, 1865, 181. Plant 1-2 ft.
high, glabrous. Leaves of barren shoot 3-4 in. long, 5-6 lin. broad,
or larger, strap-shaped, acute, glaucescent. Leaves of flowering stem
subcoriaceous, sheath-like, as long as, or longer than the internodes,
erect or appressed, lanceolate, acuminate. Spike 2-5} in. long, }-1}
in. thick, very densely many-flowered. Flowers rather small, purple.
Bracts shorter than, equalling, or longer than the flowers, 5-14 lin.
long, 14-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, yellowish. Dorsal sepal
21-44 lin. long, 14-23 lin. broad, erect, rhomboid-oblong, subobtuse,
cuneately narrowed from the middle to the base, concave; spur
moderately slender, pendulous, 14—44 lin. long, straight. Lateral
sepals spreading and slightly ascending, 24—44} lin. long, 14-3 lin.
broad, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, concave. Petals 14-4 lin.
long, 1-2 lin. broad, unequally 2-lobed to the middle; posterior lobe
subspathulate or obovate, obtuse or subacute, concave, orange;
anterior lobe rather more than half as long as the posterior, broadly ear-
shaped. Lip 2-44 lin. long, linear, acute. Anther erect, 14—24 lin.
long, oblong. Rostellum short, truncate or emarginate, with a keel
or tubercle between the anther-cells.

eel Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Morro de Lopollo, 5000-5300 ft., Welwitsch,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
5000 ft., Carson, 7! 10! Nutt! Nyasaland ; between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-
6000 ft., Whtye, 343! Shire Highlands, near Blantyre, Last ! Buchanan, 313! and
without precise locality, Buchanan, 288! 674!

This species varies very much in its robustness and in the size of the flowers, but
I can find no structural differences among the specimens examined. I have only
seen the leaves of the barren shoots on the Angolan specimens, The colour of the
flowers, Ze. is taken from the notes made by Dr. Welwitsch.

8. D. Deckenii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb.ii.105. Plant 7-13 1m.
high, glabrous. Lowest leaves 6—8 in. long, 4-8 lin. broad, strap-
shaped, acute, ascending; the rest gradually smaller, more or less
spreading, acute or acuminate. Spike 1-2 in. long, densely many:
flowered. Flowers small “ crimson” or “ vivid red-mauve ” (Johnston).
Bracts equalling or shorter than the flowers, 4-8 lin. long, 2-3
lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate. Dorsal sepal 23 lin. long, 1
lin. broad, erect, boat-shaped, hooded at the obtuse apex; Spur
slender, 2} lin. long, straight or slightly curved, deflexed or
pendulous, cylindrical or slightly thickened at the apex. Lateral

Disa.| CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). 281

sepals widely spreading and a little deflexed, 2-2} lin. long, 1-1}
lin. broad, oblong; apex oblique, obtuse. Petals 14—13 lin. long,
+ lin. broad, entire, lanceolate, acute or acuminate. Lip 1# lin.
long, }—} lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute. Anther erect. Rostellum
short, folded between the anther-cells.—D. kilimanjarica, Rendle in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 399. D. polygonoides, Krinzl. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-
Afr. C. 153, not of Lindl.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6000—-10,000 ft., Kersten,
Johnston, 5! 161! Taylor ! Marengu, 8000 ft., Volkens, 800!

Allied to D. polygonoides, Lindl., but it may at once be distinguished from that
species by its longer spur, and lanceolate, acute petals ; the venation of the sepals and
petals is also different.

9. D. Stairsii, Krénzl. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 728. Plant
about 2 ft. high, glabrous. Lower leaves ascending, 5-7 in. long, 7-14
lin. broad, strap-shaped or lanceolate, acuminate, upper gradually
smaller and becoming reduced to acuminate sheaths. Spike 3—4 in.
long, 14-14 in. diam., rather lax. Bracts as long as or longer than
flowers, 3-1? in. long, 34-5 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate. Dorsal
sepal erect, 34-4 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, subhemispherical, hooded
at the obtuse apex; spur slender, 8-9 lin. long, 2 lin. thick, pendu-
lous, curved. Lateral sepals spreading and deflexed, 4 lin. long,
2-2} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse with a short dorsal apiculus at the apex.
Petals free or nearly so, 24 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, entire, falcate-oblong,
obtuse or subacute. Lip 34-4 lin. long, 14 lin. broad near the apex,
cuneate-oblong, obtuse. Anther horizontal, #-1 lin. long. Rostellum
short, truncate, with a very slight fold between the anther-cells.—
D. gregoriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1895, xxx. 398. D. Wiss-
mannii, Kränzl. in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. ©. 154. D. Wissmanni, Kränzl.
m Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 21.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mount Kenia, 10,400 ft., Gregory! Toru ;
Yeria, 10,000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7850! 7860! Ruwenzori ` Butagu Valley, 10,000-

-12,000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8058! Stairs, 51.
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; Kifinika Volcano, Volkens,
1893 ! 8000-10,000 ft., Volkens, 1171! 1948.

10. D. saxicola, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 50, 41.
Plant 4—1 ft. high, glabrous. Stem flexuose, with 4-6 leaves. Leaves
Spreading, 14-6 in. long, 3-8 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate or narrowly
Strap-shaped, acuminate, strongly 3-5-nerved. Spike lax, elongating,
about 2-4 in. long, 8-9 lin. diam. Bracts 4—5 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad,
ovate-lanceolate, acute. Flowers small. Dorsal sepal erect, 24-24 lin.
long, about 11 lin. broad, hooded at the apex, dorsally tapering into a
Straight, slender spur, horizontal or more or less directed downwards,
3 lin. long, conical at the base. Lateral sepals apparently directed
forwards, 2-21 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, concave,
hooded at the apex with a dorsal apiculus. Petals entire, 14-14 lin.
long, 2 3 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse; apex incurved; posterior margin
nearly straight; anterior margin broad and shallowly emarginate. Lip

282 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (BROWN). [Disa.

14 lin. long, 4—3 lin. broad, linear-spathulate or cuneate-oblong, obtuse
or subacute; margins reflexed. Anther horizontal, % lin. long.
Rostellum quadrate, minutely 3-tcothed at the subtruncate apex.
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1070!
Also in the Transvaal.

The petals are obtuse in all the specimens I have examined, not acute as described
by Schlechter.

11. D. Emini, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 248. Plant 20 in. or
more high, glabrous. Stem slender. Radical leaves 9—10 in. long,
4—5 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate; stem leaves
sheath-like, acute. Spike about 5 in. long. Bracts about equalling
the ovary, lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers about as large as those of
D. polygonoides. Dorsal sepal extinguisher-shaped, oblong, obtuse at
the mouth, tapering behind into a filiform spur an inch long, straight
or curved, ascending, very slightly inflated towards the apex. Petals
obovate or spathulate, very obtuse. Lip extended, similar to the petals,
but longer.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe: Bukoba, Stuhlmann, 4089.

I have not seen this plant, which is said to be allied to D. Walleri, Reichb. f.,
and D. hircicornis, Reichb. f,

12. D. robusta, V. E Brown. Plant 2—24 ft. high, with a robust
stem 4-5 lin. thick, clothed with short sheath-like leaves, with ovate,
acute or acuminate tips, about as long as the internodes, and closely
embracing the stem. Spike moderately dense, 4-6 in. long, 2-3 in.
diam. Flowers large, light blue. Bracts 3-1} in. long, 44-6 lin. broad,
lanceolate, acuminate or acute. Dorsal sepal 44-5 lin. in diam. at the
mouth, extinguisher-shaped, gradually tapering from the mouth to a
long, very ascending, acute, straight spur, rather slender in the apical
part, and measuring from mouth to tip 1}-13in. Lateral sepals de-
flexed, 6-7 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, concave: Petals
43-5 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad in upper part, entire, falcate, lanceo-
late, or linear-oblong, acute, auriculate at base in front. Lip 34-4
lin. long, gradually tapering from the 1 lin. broad base to the acute
apex. Anther horizontal, 14 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; between Kondowe
and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte, 347! Shire Highlands; Wilandi, near Blantyre,

4000 ft., Buchanan, 23! Mt. Zomba, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mt. Malosa, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte !

13. D. Walleri, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 105. Plant 2 ft. or
more high, glabrous, only upper part of the stem seen. Leaves 0
barren growth 8-10 in. long, 1-1ł in. broad, narrowly oblong Or
strap-shaped, acute. Upper stem-leaves 2—34} in. long, lanceolate,
acuminate, erect, clasping at base. Spike 5-10 in. long, 14-1} in.
thick, not very dense. Flowers of moderate size. Bracts longer than
flowers, 1-2 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate. Do
sepal erect, 6-8 lin. long, 4-44 lin. broad at the mouth, helmet-shaped,

Disa. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). 283

abruptly contracted a little below the middle into a slender spur about
7 lin. long, $—? lin. thick, arching-recurved or abruptly recurved a
little above its conical base, and slightly inflated near the apex.
Lateral sepals 5-7 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, obliquely oblong, sub-
obtuse. Petals 5-6 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, entire, linear, slightly
falcate, obtuse. Lip 4-5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, linear, obtuse. Anther
horizontal, 2 lin. long, oblong. Rostellum slightly elevated above the
level of the anther, bifid—D. zombaensis, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc.
BOr: 2, 1V- 47. t 7, £5 1-8.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, Waller !
Zomba, Whyte, 3! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 306! 717!

D. zombaensis, Rendle, is identical with D. Walleri, Reichb. f., in every particular,
and the flowers are by no means twice the size of the latter, as stated by Rendle.

14. D. hircicornis, Reichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 105. Plant
about 2 ft. high, glabrous. Flowering stem without radical leaves ;
lowest 2-3 leaves reduced to sheaths; next 3-4 leaves strap-shaped,
acute, erect, coriaceous, lowest 5-6 in. long, 7-9 lin. broad; others
gradually passing into the bracts at the top of the stem. Spike
4-5 in. long, about 3 in. thick, moderately dense. Bracts about
equalling the flowers, 6-8 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, ovate-lanceo-
late, acuminate, with reflexed tips. Flowers small. Dorsal sepal
3-34 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, helmet-shaped, acute, dorsally produced
into a broadly conical-based spur about 5 lin. long, 4 lin. thick, hori-
zontally spreading or slightly ascending in the basal half, apical half
abruptly curved downwards. Lateral sepals spreading and deflexed,
3 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, apiculate. Petals 2-24
lin. long, 3 lin. broad, entire, obliquely rhomboid-oblong in upper part,
acute, narrowed towards base. Lip 2 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceo-
late, acute. Anther horizontal, with short subglobose cells, scarcely
l lin. long. Rostellum deeply bifid.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; near Mt. Sochi, 3000 ft.,
Kirk, Orchideæ, 2!

15. D. versicolor, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 181. Plant 1-2 ft.
high. Leaves of barren shoot erect, 4-12 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, linear-
lanceolate or strap-shaped, acute or acuminate, channelled or folded
lengthwise. Lowest leaves of flowering stem 14-4 in. long, 4-1 in.
broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute, the rest decreasing in size upwards ;
base of the stem and sheaths spotted with purple, upper leaves and
stem more or less tinged with purple. Spike 4-10 in. long, about } in.
thick, dense. Bracts as long as, or longer than, flowers, 6-9 lin.
long, 2-31 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, usually bent or
reflexed below the apex, yellowish-green with purple tips. _Flowers
small. Dorsal sepal erect, whitish mottled with rosy, 24 lin. long,
1} lin. broad at the mouth, helmet-shaped, shortly conical behind ; spur
3 lin. long, $ lin. thick, pendulous, abruptly bent at a right angle
to its conical base, cylindrical or slightly thicker near the apex, dark
purple. Lateral sepals deflexed, spreading, 24 lin. long, 14 lin. broad,

284 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). [ Disa.

oblong, obliquely subacute, with a dorsal apiculus, whitish mottled with
rosy, lined with blackish-purple at the base. Petals 2—2} lin. long,
14-14 lin. broad, entire, obliquely ovate in general outline, acute,
anterior side broadly semiovate, posterior side narrower, semisagittate
at about the middle; this narrow part is strongly infolded, colour
orange-yellow running into greenish, margined with purple, base dark
purplish (Welwitsch). Lip 2 lin. long, 4 lin. broad near the apex,
oblanceolate or subspathulate, obtuse, slightly keeled down the face
from the margins being more or less replicate. Anther horizontal.
Rostellum rather large, raised above the stigma, shortly bifid.—
D. Macowani, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 106.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Lopollo, above 5000 ft.,
Welwitsch, 714!

Also in South Africa.

According to Welwitsch, after the full development of the flower the petals
emerge from the dorsal:sepal, and the spike appears yellow in the lower half and
gradually deeper rose-coloured towards the apex.

16. D. equestris, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 181. Plant 9-18 in.
high, glabrous. Leaves of barren shoot 6 in. long, linear-lanceolate.
Flowering stem spotted with purple, bearing 4-8 erect leaves, lower
2-3 in. long, 5-6 lin. broad, upper gradually smaller, lanceolate,
oblong-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate. Spike lax,
elongating, 2—6 in. long, $-1} in. diameter. Bracts greenish-purple,
3-6 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, obtuse or acute. Dorsal
sepal 3-4 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, violet-purple, extinguisher-shaped,
gradually tapering from the mouth into a slightly clavate, very
obtuse, stout, horizontal or ascending spur, 1—14 lin. thick, 5-7 lin.
from mouth to tip. Lateral sepals deflexed, 23-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin.
broad, violet-purple, oblong, obtuse, with a minute dorsal apiculus.
Petals white with a purple spot at the apex, 2-24 lin. long, entire,
subspathulate; basal half auricled in front, with a crest or keel
down its inner face; apical half dilated, 3 lin. broad, curved forward,
subelliptic ; posterior margin revolute ; apex obtuse or slightly emar-
ginate. Lip 2-24 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, elliptic or obovate, obtuse,
velvety papillose, white at the base, red-purple at the apex. Anther
horizontal, 1-1} lin. long. Rostellum with short ascending sides,
and a tubercular fold between the anther-cells.
yet Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Lopollo, 4000-5400 ft., Welwitsch,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, near
Blantyre, Last !

17. D. concinna, V. E. Brown. Plant about 1 ft. high, glabrous.
Leaves about 3-5 to a stem, 14-3} in. long, as long as or longer
than internodes, 8-9 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or acute
erect, and more or less embracing the stem, gradually decreasing
upwards. Spike 2-6 in. long, ? in. in diameter, elongating and
becoming somewhat lax. Bracts shorter than the flowers, 3-6 lin. long;

Disa. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). 285

1-1} lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers rather small, pink.
Dorsal sepal erect, 34 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, helmet-shaped, dorsally
produced into a stout, compressed spur, 14-2 lin. long, 14—13 lin. broad,
oblong, obtuse, ascending when in position on the spike, the whole sepal
measuring 33-4 lin. from the apex to the tip of the spur. Lateral
sepals deflexed, divergent, 2—24 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad, obliquely or
subfalcately oblong, concave, subacute, with a subulate dorsal apiculus
1 lin. long just below the apex. Petals 2-24 lin. long, rather more
than } lin. broad in the lower part, and 1 lin. or more broad at the
apex ` lower half oblong, auricled at the base; apical half obliquely
ovate, subobtuse, directed forwards. Lip 24 lin. long, ł lin. broad,
narrowly oblong, with reflexed or replicate sides, apex obtuse, bent
downwards, cuneately narrowed into a short stalk at the base, obtusely
keeled down the middle. Anther horizontal, 1 lin. long, suborbicular.
Rostellum very short and broad, subtruncate, slightly folded between
the anther-cells.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Mount Zomba, 4000—6000
ft., Whyte! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

Allied to D. equestris, Reichb, f., but readily distinguished by its narrower
bracts, shorter spur, and long apiculus to the lateral sepals,

18. D. pulchella, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. ii. 301, t. 93.
Plant 4-16 in. high, glabrous. Leaves 3~8, scattered, erect, the lower
3-34 in. long, 6-13 lin. broad, varying from lanceolate to elliptic-
oblong, acute, the others gradually decreasing upwards. Spike 14-43
in. long, 7-9 lin. thick, dense. Bracts shorter than flowers or about
equal, 5-8 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers rather
small. Dorsal sepal 24-3 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad at the mouth,
Suborbicular or transverse oblong, helmet-shaped; spur erect or
ascending, moderately stout, 2-3 lin. long, 4—4 lin. broad, slightly
compressed, straight, obtuse. Lateral sepals deflexed, divergent, 3-34
lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, oblong or cuneate-oblong, obtuse, with
a compressed dorsal apiculus 4—2 lin. long just below the apex, margins
often reflexed or revolute. Petals 14-24 lin. long, 14-1? lin. broad
at the apex, somewhat oblong, auricled at the base, dilated at the
Subtruncate apex; posterior margin concave; anterior margin more
or less broadly emarginate. Lip 24-3 lin. long, linear-oblanceolate or
Spathulate-obovate, obtuse, keeled down the face from the margins
being replicate. Anther horizontal. Rostellum bilobed, lobes large and
triangular, adnate to the base of the petals——Walp. Ann. iii. 590;
Ridley in Journ. of Bot. 1886, 296.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Sholoda Mountain, near Adowa, Quartin-
Dillon (ex Richard); Semen; uear Enjedcap, Schimper, 1192! Wodjerat Dist.,
Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 100! Begemeder; Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper,
1316! and without precise locality, Schimper, 600!

The flowers vary in colour, in the type (Schimper, 1192) they are whitish or
pallid, spotted with dark purple in all parts, whilst Schimper’s 1316 has the lateral
sepals and apical part of the lip entirely of a dark purple colour, but there is no
structural difference between them.

286 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (BROWN). [ Disa.

19. D. aperta, A. E Brown. Plant 15-18 in. high, glabrous.
Stem with 4-6 oblong, acute, coriaceous leaves about as long as the
internodes, erect and more or less embracing the stem, 14—24 in. long,
including the sheathing portion, 24-6 lin. broad. Spikes 7-9 in. long,
1} in. diameter, lax, elongating. Bracts 4—7 lin. long, 2—3 lin. broad, ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Dorsal sepal reflexed at a right angle to
the ovary, 4 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, galeate, rather abruptly contracted at
the middle of the back intoa straight, compressed, very obtuse spur 14-2
lin. long, ?-1 lin. broad. Lateral sepals directed forwards at nearly a.
right angle to the ovary, 44-5 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, obliquely
elliptic-oblong, obtuse with a compressed dorsal mucro at the apex.
Petals 3 lin. long; basal half 2 lin. broad, narrow oblong ; apical half
1-1} lin. broad, ovately semisagittate, acute. Lip directed in a line
with the ovary, 3-34 lin. long with a linear claw 2 lin. long, and an
oblong, obtuse blade, 2—24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, cuneate at the base,
longitudinally folded down the middle. Anther horizontal, 2 lin. long.
oe a short, acutely bifid, very slightly folded between the anther-
cells,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 51!

20. D. hamatopetala, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, iv. +7,
pl. 7, figs. 4-6. Plant 6-18 in. high, glabrous. Leaves linear-filiform,
often withered or burnt off at the time of flowering, leaving a tuft
of their remains at the base of the stem. Flowering stem slender,
with 6-12 membranous, distant, acuminate sheaths, lower about an
inch long, upper smaller. Raceme laxly 1-7-flowered. Bracts shorter
than the ovaries, 3-6 lin. long, 14-3} lin. broad, ovate, acute,
terminated by a fine awn-like point. Flowers rather large, blue-
Dorsal sepal erect, 7-9 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad, helmet-shaped, with a
stout, ascending, obtuse spur, 24 lin. long, 1-1} lin. thick. Lateral
sepals spreading and deflexed, 6—9 lin. long, 24-4 lin. broad, oblong,
obtuse, concave. Petals 4-5 lin. high, strongly curved forwards; base
with a broad semicordate auricle, 14-2 lin. long, 1}-14 lin. broad ;
middle part linear, 4-2 lin. broad; apical part dilated to 14-2 lin.
broad, somewhat hatchet-shaped, bifid or trifid, the two principal teeth
being 3-1} lin. long, the third, when present, much shorter. Lip 6-9
lin. long, 3—4 lin. broad, oblong in outline; margins deeply cut into à
fringe of simple linear-clavate or filiform-clavate processes. Antber
horizontal, 11-14 lin. long, oblong. Rostellum trifid; middle lobe
slightly folded between the anther-cells and emarginate at the apex.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Higher plateau, N. of Lake Nyasa,
Thomson! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; between Lake Tanganyika and Lake
Nyasa, Johnston ! between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte, 845!
Mt. Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Zomba, 6000-7000 ft., Kirk ! Whyte! Many,
6000 ft., Whyte, 36! 186! and 199! Mlanji Plateau, Johnston! Litshengu Plateau,
6800 ft., MeClounie, 10! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1016!

There are also specimens at Kew, collected by Zhomson, on the higher glaten
N. of Lake Nyasa, which I cannot distinguish structurally from D. hamatopetala-
but they have very much smaller flowers, the dorsal sepals being 3} lin. long, 2 wc

Disa. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). 287

broad ; the lateral sepals 3} lin. long, 1? lin. broad ; the petals 12 lin, high; and the

lip 5 lin. long. They are probably starved specimens or seedlings flowering for the
first time.

45. BROWNLEBEA, Harv. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 631
(by N. E. Brown).

Lateral sepals free, dorsal adhering to the petals into a helmet-
or extinguisher-shaped galea, produced behind into one spur. Petals
erect, adhering to the inner sides of the mouth of the dorsal sepal,
and adnate to the column at the base. Lip minute, entire. Column
short. Anther horizontal, more or less incurved, with two parallel
cells, produced in front into channels, which continue up the back of
the rostellum; pollinia solitary in each cell, granular, each mass
attached by a caudicle to a distinct gland. Rostellum erect, more or
less distinctly 2-lobed, lobes notched at the apex, tuberculate on the
sides at the base. Stigma seated at base of the rostellum, vertical
or oblique, cushion-like. Capsule cylindric, erect.—Terrestrial herbs
with simple sessile tubers. Stem rather slender, with 2—4 distant leaves.
Flowers small or of moderate size, in lax or dense spikes, sometimes
secund, rarely solitary.

Species about 10, chiefly South African, one in Madagascar.

This genus only differs from Disa in having the petals adherent to the dorsal
sepal, forming a hood, as in the Coryciee. This character was overlooked in the key
to the subtribe, p. 14.

Lip linear į ° . a - e e . 1l. B. alpina.

Lip broadly oblong . 5 é : S ` . 2. B. apetala.

1. B. alpina, A E Brown. Plant 8-24 in. high, quite glabrous.
Leaves two or three and a basal sheath, distant, erect, the lower one
3-9 in. long, 3-7 lin. broad, broadly linear, or linear-lanceolate, taper-
ing to an acute point, the upper much smaller, sometimes bract-like.
Spike 1}-3 in. long, dense, with erect flowers. Bracts equalling or
Shorter than flowers, 4-4 in. long, ?-1} lin. broad at base, lanceo-
late, attenuate to an acute point. Dorsal sepal 14 lin. long, ł lin.
broad, boat-shaped, arching forwards, and forming a hood with petals ;
spur 14-1} lin. long, cylindrical, obtuse, abruptly curved downwards
at its middle. Lateral sepals 1} lin. long, 4 lin. broad, subfalcate-
oblong, subacute, margins incurved in the apical part. Petals about
l lin. long and 3 lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse, entire, erect, upper
margin involute, and slightly adhering to dorsal sepal. Lip minute,

- lin. long, linear obtuse. Anther horizontal. Rostellum erect,
Short and broad, shortly bifid or emarginate, with a globose tubercle on
each side at its base.—Disa alpina, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii.
220. Engler, Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 186. D. Preussii, Kränzl. in
Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 64.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, 6000-8000 ft., Mann, 2120! Johnston, 86!
Preuss, 973 !

2. B. apetala, V. E. Brown. Stem and leaves not described.
Flowers very minute, flesh-coloured. Dorsal sepal galeate, ovate,

288 CXXXII. ORCHIDEZ (BROWN). [ Brownleea.

obtuse, spur cylindrical, curved nearly in a circle, a little thickened
at apex. Lateral sepals irregularly quadrangular, exterior lower
angle almost a right angle, obtuse. Petals none (?) Lip very broadly
oblong, obtuse. Rostellum short, ligulate—Disa apetala, Kranz]. in
Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr, C. 153 ; and in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 21.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; Useri, 6000 ft., Volkens,
1969.

I have not seen this plant. The petals are stated to be entirely absent, with a
doubtful suggestion that they may be connate with the lateral sepals, but I have little
doubt that they more or less adhere to the dorsal sepal, and have been overlooked. I
therefore place it under the genus Brownleea, which only differs from Disa by that
character,

46, DISPERIS, Sw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii, 633
(by R. A. Rolfe).

Dorsal sepal erect, galeate or calcarate; lateral spreading, oblique,
free or more or less united, dorsally saccate or calcarate near the
inner margin. Petals united to dorsal sepal, falcately curved, usually
constricted in the middle, and obliquely acute or lobed at apex;
base sometimes auriculate. Lip adnate to the face of the column, long
clawed above it, variously curved within the galea; apex simple or
dilated into an entire sharply reflexed limb, bearing on its face a tooth-
like or bilobed appendage, either directed to the back of the spur or
incurved towards its. mouth; very rarely inappendiculate. Column
erect, very stout; rostellum large, membranous, bilobed, produced in
front into two rigid cartilaginous arms, holding at their extremities the
glands of the pollinia. Clinandrium horizontal or ascending ; anther-
cells distinct, parallel, somewhat approximate; pollen granules secund
in a double row on the margins of the flattened caudicles, which curl up
ina spiral on removal. Stigma bilobed ; lobes situated on either side of
the adnate claw of the lip, approximate or somewhat distant. Capsule
cylindrical or ovoid-oblong, ribbed.—Terrestrial herbs, usually small or
slender, with ovoid tubers. Leaves one to few, alternate, or limited
to a single opposite pair. Flowers in racemes or solitary. Bracts
medium-sized or large and leaf-like.

A genus of about forty species, most numerous in extra-tropical South Africa, with
four in the Mascarene Islands, and two in South India.

One of the most natural and sharply defined genera in the Order, with remark-
ably complex structure.. Its most striking peculiarities are, the prominent side arms
of the rostellum, over which the sacs of the lateral sepals exactly fit before the
flowers expand, and the remarkable diversities in the lip, which is adnate to the face of
the column, narrowly clawed above it, and then variously lobed or appendaged, this
latter part being enclosed within the galea formed by the union of the petals inside
the saccate or concave dorsal sepal. The appendage of the lip often exceeds the free
limb in size, though not invariably so, and in D. Anthoceros it is altogether absent.
The shape and direction of the two are also so variable that they are sometimes con-
fused. The former, however, may easily be recognised by the fact that it arises from
the face of the latter, being homologous with the crest of other genera. in some
cases it is directed to the back of the spur, and in others to its mouth, and it 1s

Disperis.] CXXXIII. ORCHIDEE (ROLFE). 289

frequently penicillate or papillose at the apex. These peculiarities are evidently
connected with the fertilisation of the flower, the details of which are at present
unknown.
Leaf solitary . $ S
Leaves two or three, alternate.
Dorsal sepal distinctly saccate.
Limb of lip lanceolate or ovate.

S ` S S , 1. D. crassicaulis.

Limb of lip with rounded auricles 2. D. galerita.
Limb of lip without auricles.
Appendage of lip bilobed 3. D. Metro,
Appendage of lip obtuse 4. D. kilimanjarica.
Limb of lip divergently 2-armed 5. D. reichenbachiana.
Dorsal sepal slightly gibbous 6. D. Johnstoni.
Leaves two opposite.
Spur short, broad and curved 7. D. Kerstenii.
Spur long, tapering, and straight.
Lip sharply reflexed; spur under } in. long.
Limb of lip lanceolate, much larger than the
tooth-like appendage ° 5 ° = 10; D Preussi.
Limb of lip linear, much smaller than the bilobed
appendage : ` : : - , 9. D. nemorosa.
Lip not reflexed; spur over } in. long . “ . 10. D. Anthoceros.

1. D. crassicaulis, Reichb. f. in Linnea, xxii. 860. Stem stout,
2-84 in. high, l-leaved. Leaves alternate, sessile, broadly cordate
orbicular, 4—1 in. broad. Racemes 2- or 1-flowered. Bracts ovate or
ovate-oblong, obtuse, 4-7 lin. long. Pedicels 3—4 lin. long. Dorsal
sepal confluent with the petals into a broad hood, 3—4 in. long; sides
broadly rounded; inflexed apex with a tooth-like apiculus; lateral
sepals spreading, obliquely and broadly oblong, apiculate on one side
above the middle, gibbous or subsaccate close to the apiculus, 4 lin.
long. Petals confluent with the dorsal sepal. Lip with slender claw,
2 lin, long; upper third free; limb sharply reflexed, 1} lin. long,
marrow and recurved in front, dilated with reflexed sides and rounded
auricles behind, puberulous; appendage triangular-oblong, ł lin. long,
curved towards the mouth of the galea, puberulous. Column very
broad, 1? lin. long ; arms of rostellum linear-oblong, curved, 1 lin. long.
—Walp. Ann. iii. 593; Engl. Hochgeb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 186. Ptery-
godium biflorum, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 303.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Mt. Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon (ex
pe Semen; mountainous region between Enjedcap and Shoata, Schimper,

2. D. galerita, Reichd. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 103. Stem 3-6 in.
high, 3-4-leaved. Leaves alternate, sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong,
obtuse or apiculate, 7-14 lin. long, 5-7 lin. broad, the lower one re-
duced to a sheath. Raceme 3-flowered. Bracts like the leaves, and
only a little smaller. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Flowers rose-purple. Dorsal
Sepal galeate, 5 lin. long, prolonged behind into an oblong, obtuse sac,
1 lin. long; apex incurved, acute; lateral spreading, oblique, semi-
ovate, subacute, 34 lin. long, produced behind near the inner margin
nto an obtuse sac, 1 lin. long. Petals falcate-oblong, obliquely apicu-

VOL, VII U

290 CXXXIII. ORCHIDEH (ROLFE). [Disperis.

late, 4 lin. long, united to the margins of the dorsal sepal. Lip with a
slender claw 2} lin. long ; adnate base very short ; limb sharply reflexed,
subulate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 1 lin. long, with a pair of rounded auricles
at the base ; appendage linear,’13 lin. long, directed backwards to the
apex of the spur, and there slightly thickened. Column very broad,
2 lin. long ; arms of rostellum 14 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; near Andere, Schimper, 631! Begemeder ,
Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1270!

3. D. Meirax, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 103. Stem rather stout,
3 in. high, 3-leaved. Leaves alternate, sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, sub-
acute or apiculate, 9-10 lin. long, 3-54 lin. broad, the lower one smaller
and sheath-like. Racemes 2-3-flowered. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 6 lin. long. Pedicels 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal galeate, 2} lin.
long, lateral margins rounded ; lateral spreading, obliquely semiovate,
obtuse, united by their infolded inner margins, conduplicate-concave
but not spurred, 14 lin. long. Petals very oblique, broadly and faleately
semiovate, obtuse, with a rounded basal margin united to the dorsal sepal.
Lip with narrow claw 1 lin. long; basal fourth adnate; limb sharply
retlexed, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long; appendage oblong, 4 lin.
long, slightly bidentate at the apex, which is directed towards the apex
of the spur. Column very broad, 3 lin. long ; arms of rostellum broadly
oblong, 4 lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; Débra Eski, towards Woina, 8500 fi.
Schimper, 632 !

4. D. kilimanjarica, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 400, t. 32,
figs. 8-10. Tuber ovoid, 5 lin. long. Stems 3 in. high, 2-leaved, with
an acute sheath at the base. Leaves alternate, sessile, cordate, apicu-
late, 6-7 lin. long, 34—44 lin. broad. Flower solitary. Bract leaf-like,
4 lin. long. Pedicel 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal galeate, acute, 4 lin. long,
obtusely saccate behind ; lateral obliquely ovate, apiculate, 3 lin. long,
calcarate near their inner margins. Petals 14 lin. long, united to the
margin of the dorsal sepal, forming a broad hood. Lip 3 lin. long,
narrow except.the terminal ovate blade, which has an elongated spur at
the base. Column short ; arms of rostellum linear-oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; higher slopes above
Morang, to 10,000 ft., Taylor !

Closely resembles the South African D. Macowani, Bolus, but is glabrous, and
the flower larger, with a bluntly spurred dorsal hood, and a shorter, stouter appendage
to the lip. It increases by throwing out short, slender stolons, which are tuberiferous
at the apex,

5. D. reichenbachiana, Welw. ex Reichb. f. in Flora, 1865, 180.
Tuber ovoid-oblong, 10-12 lin. long. Stem 8-9 in. high, 2- or rarely 1-
leaved, with two acuminate sheaths near the base. Leaves alternate,
sessile, cordate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, 1-1} in. long, 6-8 lin. broad,
with a rose-coloured midrib. Raceme 2~3-flowered. Bracts leaf-like,
4-8 lin. long. Pedicels 4-5 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ligulate, gla
united with the triangular petals into a hood, 24-3 lin. long; latera

Disperis. | CXXXIII. ORCHIDEÆ (ROLFE). 291

sepals obliquely oblong, acute, 2 lin. long. Lip cuneate, divergently
2-armed ; arms papillose ; appendage elongate-oblong, fleshy, papillose.
Column very stout ; arms of rostellum linear-falcate, 1 lin. long.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 694!
The flower examined was in a young state, and so membranous that I could not

make out the exact details, hence the characters are chiefly repeated from Reichen-
bach.

6. D. Johnstoni, Reich. f. ex Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2,
ii. 8349 (name only). Stem slender, 4-6 in. high, 2-leaved. Leaves
alternate, sessile, cordate-ovate or ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate,
8-13 lin. long, 4-8 lin. broad, with an apiculate sheath at the base.
Racemes short or subcorymbose, 2—5-flowered. Bracts ovate, acute or
apiculate, 24-4 lin. long. Pedicels 4-6 lin. long. Dorsal sepal united
with the petals into a concave obtuse hood, 3 lin. long, slightly gibbous
behind ; lateral sepals obliquely semiobovate, apiculate, united in the
basal third. Lip with slender flattened claw, 13 lin. long ; basal third
adnate ; free part bearing a pair of suberect, linear, obtuse appendages,
over } lin. long, below the middle of the free part ; limb reflexed, ovate,
membranous, ł lin. long, exserted from the galea, with a broad, flattened,
obtuse erect tooth or crest near the base. Column 1 lin. long; arms of
rostellum 4 lin. long. Capsule oblong, 5—6 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 5000-6000 ft., Johnston !

7. D. Kerstenii, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb.ii. 102. Stems slender,
6-9 in. long, 2-leaved, with an acute sheath near the base. Leaves
opposite, very shortly petioled, cordate-ovate, subacute or apiculate,
14-14 in. long, 10-12 lin. broad. Raceme short, 2—4-flowered. Bracts
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 4—6 lin. long. Pedicels 5-6 lin.
long. Flower violet. Dorsal sepal galeate, 4 lin. long, with inflexed
apex ; lateral spreading, free, obliquely obovate, inner margin pro-
duced into a spur 1 lin. long. Petals with a narrow claw united to
the margin of the dorsal sepal; apex extended into free quadrate-dola-
briform wings, 2 lin. broad, and nearly as long. Lip with a narrowly
linear curved claw, 54 lin. long; basal sixth adnate ; limb sharply re-
flexed, triangular-oblong, pilose, 4 lin. long, with incurved subobtuse
apex; appendage deeply bilobed, 2} lin. long, exserted over the lateral
Sepals; the arms slightly dilated above, with a curved subacuminate
apex, and a reflexed, linear tooth, 14 lin. long, from the broad inner
angle. Column very broad, 1 lin. long; rostellum bilobed ; arms
slender, 1 lin. long.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Chagga District, 3000-
4000 ft., Kersten, and at 7500 ft., Johnston !

8. D. Preussii, Rolfe. Stem rather slender, 5 in. high, 2-leaved.
aves opposite, shortly petioled, cordate-ovate, subacute or apicu-
late, 1 in. long, 10 lin. broad; petioles 14 lin. long. Racemes
3- to 1-flowered. Bracts ovate, acuminate, 2-6 lin. long. Pedicels
3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal almost reduced to an Oblong, obtuse spur,

292 CXXXIII. ORCHIDE® (ROLFE). [Disperis.

4 lin. long; lateral sepals spreading, obliquely obovate, subapiculate,
4 lin. long, with a conical sac, 4 lin. long, near the inner margin.
Petals much curved, united to the margins of the dorsal sepal, auricu-
late at the base, much constricted below the triangular, acute, inflexed
apex. Lip with a slender claw, 3 lin. long; basal sixth adnate; limb
sharply reflexed, lanceolate, subobtuse, 14 lin. long, with somewhat
inflexed sides, keeled behind; appendage situated above the base of the
limb, tooth-like, 4 lin. long, dilated at the base, with penicillate margin,
deflexed. Column very stout, 1 lin. long; arms of rostellum subspathu-
late-linear, 4 lin. long.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Buea, 3600~3900 ft., Preuss, 609!

9. D. nemorosa, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1895, 297. Stem slender,
5-8 in. high, 2-leaved, with an acute sheath near. the base. Leaves
opposite, sessile, ovate, acute or acuminate, 1 in. long, 9—10 lin. broad.
Raceme very short, 2-flowered. Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acu-
minate. Pedicels 6-8 lin. long. Dorsal sepal almost reduced to a
slender spur, 5 lin. long; lateral spreading, free, obliquely obovate-
elliptic, obtuse, 4 lin. long, with a conical sac 4 lin. long on the
inner margin. Petals united to the margins of the dorsal sepal, auri-
culate at the base ; the free apex broadly rounded. Lip with a slender,
flattened claw, 44 lin. long; adnate base very short; limb sharply
reflexed, linear, 1 lin, long; appendage 44 lin. long, directed to the
apex of the spur, linear to near the apex, then cuneately dilated, and
terminating in a pair of spreading, oblong, obtuse lobes, 4 lin. long.
Column very stout, 4 lin. long; rostellum bilobed, with oblong, curved
arms, $ lin. long. .

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori ; at Wimi, 7000-8000 ft., in deep
forest, Scott-Elliot, 7944!

10. D. Anthoceros, Beicht, f. Otia Bot. Hamb. ii. 103. Tuber
ovoid-oblong, 6-8 lin. long. Stem stout, 5-9 in. high, 2-leaved, with
an obtuse sheath near the base. Leaves opposite, subsessile, cordate-
ovate, subacute or apiculate, ł}—14 in. long, 5-12 lin. broad. Racemes
2- or 1-flowered. Bracts ovate, subacute or acuminate, 3—6 lin. long.
Pedicels 5-8 lin. long. Flowers yellow-green. Dorsal sepal almost
reduced to an elongate-conical spur, 6-8 lin. long; lateral spreading,
obliquely obovate, apiculate, 4 lin. long, united to about the middle,
with a conical sac 3? lin. long on the inner margin. Petals faleate-
oblong, united to the margins of the dorsal sepal ; apex broadly rounded ;
base auriculate. Lip elongate-linear to the apex, 44 lin. long; adnate
base very short ; apex slightly toothed and partially reflexed, without 4
free limb and appendage, as in the other tropical African species.
Column very stout, 1 lin. long; rostellum bilobed, with linear-oblong
arms, } lin. long.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; River Reb, 6500 ft., Schimper, 1295!
Also found in Natal,

CXXXIV, SCITAMINEH (BAKER). 293

Order CXXXIV. SCITAMINEA. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers usually hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual by abortion.
Perianth superior, usually in two distinct rows of 3 lobes each.
Sepals equal, free or united in a tube at the base. Corolla tubular
at the base; lobes equal, or the dorsal larger*and concave. An-
dreecium very irregular, normally in two rows of 3 lobes each;
stamen usually single, linear, with a 2-celled or 1-celled anther. Ovary
inferior, usually 3-celled; style long, often involute at the apex;
stigma terminal; stylodia often present. Fruit crowned by the per-
sistent calyx, usually 3-celled, capsular or indehiscent. Seeds 1 or
many in a cell, albuminous ; albumen hard or farinaceous; embryo
central, straight or horseshoe-shaped.—Herbs, rarely shrubs, usually
perennials ; rootstock often horizontal, dry or tuberous. Leaves oblong
or lanceolate, cauline or all radical. Inflorescence spicate, racemose or
panicled, produced from the end or side of the leafy stem or direct from
the rootstock. Petaloid staminodia often showy and brightly coloured.

Species 500, spread through the Tropical regions of both hemispheres.

Of the common officinal species of the order, Maranta arundinacea, Curcuma
longa, and Zingiber officinale are widely cultivated throughout Tropical Africa. The
specimen in the herbarinm of the British Museum of Zingiber dubium, Afzel., col-
lected by Dr. Daniell, and cited as authentic by Horaninow, is not in flower, but, as
far as it goes, agrees with Z. officinale.

TRIBE I. Zingibereæ.— Stamen 1; anther 2-celled ; embryo straight.
Lateral staminodia large and petaloid . . . , 1. KÆMPFERIA.
Lateral staminodia rudimentary or suppressed.

Acaulescent. Flowers in the centre of a rosette of
leaves . S i 4 S ; , 2. CADÁLYENA.
Inflorescence dense, capitate, peduncled.

Stamen placed in the centre of a large petaloid
. : , 3. Costus.

process , . e °
Stamen without any petaloid border . : . 4. AMOMUM.
Inflorescence thyrsoid . e . e e 5. ReNEALMIA.

TRIBE II. Marantese.—Stamen 1; anther 1-celled; ovules solitary ; embryo
curved,
Ovary with 2 cel's suppressed . S S S e 6. THALIA.
Ovary with 3 perfect cells.
Inflorescence lax.
Inflorescence panicled ; bracts cylindrical . SS 7. DONAX.
Inflorescence simple or forked; bracts broad . 8. TRACHYPHRYNIUM.
Inflorescence dense.
Spikes produced direct from the rhizome on a

short peduncle S . e e . 9. THaUMATOCOCCUS.
Spikes lateral from a long petiole. =- PHRYNIUM.
Spikes usually terminal from a leafy stem (in

Tropical African species) . : e - 11. CALATHEA.

TRIBE III. Cannesæ.—Stamen 1; anther l-celled; ovules many; embryo
straight.

The only genns S S ` . 12. Canna.

294 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). | Kampferia.

TRIBE IV. Museæ.— Perfect stamens 5; anthers 2-celled.
The only African genus : . : e : . 13. Musa.

1. KASMPFERIA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 641.

Calyx subcylindrical or funnel-shaped, shortly toothed. Corolla-
tube cylindrical, exserted from the calyx; lobes equal, lanceolate.
Lateral staminodia large, petaloid; lip broad, emarginate; fertile
stamen with 2 diverging cells and a small crest. Ovary 3-celled ;
ovules many in a cell; style filiform ; stigma peltate, minutely ciliated
round the edge. Fruit ovoid or oblong, with a membranous pericarp.
Seeds subglobose, with ashort lacerated aril and straight embryo.—Root
of many nodose fibres. Leaves few, sessile or arising from a short stem.
Flowers in a tuft from the centre of the rosette of leaves or in a raceme
on a short peduncle, often large and brightly coloured.

Species about 30, mainly in Tropical Asia.

Flowers usually solitary, on short peduncles.
Lip obscurely emarginate
Lip deeply emarginate .
Flowers many to a stem.
Calyx funnel-shaped, about 4 in. long.
Corolla-lobes oblong, 4-2 in. long.
Flowers usually rose-red . `
Flowers dark lilac - :
Corolla-lobes lanceolate, 14—14 in. long .
Calyx cylindrical, 15-2 in. long.
Calyx obliquely truncate at the apex. : . 6. K. brachystemon.
Calyx distinctly toothed at the apex : - . 7, K. macrosiphon.

. K. Kirkir.
. K. ethiopica.

be

. K. rosea.
. K, Carsoni.
. K. pleiantha.

oA Déi

1. K. Kirkii, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 426 (excl. syn.).
Leaf-stem 3-4 in. long; leaves about 4, crowded at its apex, oblong,
acute, moderately firm, glabrous, 8-9 in. long, 24-3 in. broad at the
middle. Flowering stems short, slender, 1-flowered. Calyx funnel-
shaped, shortly toothed, 4—5 in. long. Corolla-tube rather longer than
the calyx ; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1 in. long. Staminodia more than
twice as long as the corolla-lobes, pale rose-purple; lateral obliquely
obovate-cuneate, above 1 in. broad; lip rounded at the apex, slightly
emarginate, 2 in. broad, with a yellow mark at the throat; fertile
stamen much shorter ; anther 4 in. long, with a small truncate entire
crest.—Cienkowskia Kirkii, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5994; Ill. Hort.
1883, t. 495.

Nile Land, British East. Africa: Jomvu, near Mombasa, Wakefield, sketch 8!
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: coast opposite Zanzibar, Kirk !

This is totally different from K: rosea, Schweinf., with which Schumann emm
Durand have united it,

2. K. æthiopica, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 642. Leafy stem not
fully developed till after the flowers; leaves 3-5, not crowded at the
top, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 9-18 in. long, 1-3 in. broad at the

Kempferia. | CXXXIV, SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 295

middle, moderately firm, glabrous. Flowers usually solitary on short
slender radical peduncles, with 1—2 large membranous sheathing bract-
leaves. Calyx subcylindrical, 14 in. long, shortly toothed, and finally
shortly slit down one side. Corolla-tube rather longer than the calyx ;
lobes lanceolate, 14 in. long. Staminodia more than twice as long as
the corolla-lobes, usually bright red-purple, drying to violet, with a
yellow throat, rarely all pale yellow ; lateral staminodia obovate-cuneate ;
l in. broad ; lip rounded at the apex, deeply emarginate, 2 in. broad ;
fertile stamen shorter than the corolla-lobes ; anther } in. long, with a
small truncate crest.—Var. angustifolia, Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887,
131. Cienkowskia ethiopica, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Ethiop. 197,
©.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 876! Gold Coast: Salaga, Krause !
north bank of the Gambia River, Ozanne ! Lagos: Yoruba; common in grassy places
from Oyo to Illorin, Barter, 3427! Southern Bornu: Musgu, Vogel, 99!

Nile Land. Senaar, Cienkowski. Galabat: banks of the River Gendua,
Schweinfurth, 1341! Abyssinia: Woina, Steudner, 496! British East Africa: Jur ;
Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 131! 1863! Kibwezi, Scott-Elliot, 6299 !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near Conde, Welwitsch, 683!
Mechow, 244,

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: east shore of Lake Tanganyika, Scott-
Elliot, 8217! between Uyui and the coast, Taylor ! Unyamwezi; Msalala, Hanning-
ton! Rovuma River, Kirk ! Portuguese East Africa: Morambala mountain, Kirk!
British Central Africa : Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 115! Nyasaland ; Karonga, Carson,
1890! between Lake Tanganyikaand Lake Nyasa, Johnston! Manganja Hills, Meller !
Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 247! 248! Mandala, Scott-Elliot, 8546! between
Blantyre and Metope, 2000 ft., Scott ! near Mount Sochi, 3000 ft., Kirk !

3. K. rosea, Schweinf. ex Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 642.
Leaves about 4, with long distinct channelled petioles, not fused into
a false stem; blade moderately firm, glabrous, usually oblong, acute,
under a foot long, 4-5 in. broad. Flowers many, racemed at the apex
of a long slender peduncle, contemporary with the leaves; bracts
oblong, brown, membranous, 4—1 in. long ; pedicels very short. Calyx

funnel-shaped, 4 in. long, deeply 3-lobed. Corolla-tube twice as long

2 rege :
as the calyx; lobes oblong, 4-2 in. long. Staminodia more than twice

as long as the corolla-lobes, light or dark pink, with two dark spots at
the throat, rarely white or yellow ; lateral 4—ł in. broad; lip emar-
ginate, 14-2 in. broad; fertile stamen not longer than the corolla-

lobes ; anther-cells 4 in. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1946,
ser. iii, 205! Niamniam; Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 3878! Nyika country, near
Mombasa, Wakefield! Hildebrandt, 2014!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: plains above Bagamoyo, Kirk! between
Uyui and the coast, Taylor! Rovuma River, Kirk! Meller! Portuguese East
Africa: Lower Shire Valley, Kirk! between Sena and the Shire River, Kirk!
between Lupata and Sena, Kirk! Mozambique, Forbes! British Central Africa :
Nyasaland ; Chimapas Village, Nicholson! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 157! Scott-
Elliot, 8636! Mandala, Scott-Elliot, 8547! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !
Zomba and vicinity, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte ! and without precise locality, Buchanan !
501! 650! Scott!

296 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [Kempferia.

4. K. Carsoni, Baker. Leaves not fully developed till after the
flowers ; blade oblong, acute, moderately firm, glabrous. Flowers many
on a short slender peduncle, with two large, sheathing, membranous
bracts; pedicels short, ascending; proper bracts oblong-navicular,
membranous, 4—1 in. long. Calyx funnel-shaped, 4 in. long, shortly
3-toothed. Corolla-tube not much longer than the calyx ; lobes oblong,
2 in. long. Staminodia bright lilac, 2-2} in. long; lateral 2 in. broad;
lip twice as broad, scarcely emarginate ; fertile stamen shorter than
the corolla-lobes ; anther 14 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Karonga, Carson !

Intermediate between K. ethiopica and K. rosea.

5. K. pleiantha, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 425. Leafy
stem a foot or more long. Leaves lanceolate, acute, complicate,
glabrous, 4—8 in. long, 1-14 in. broad at the middle. Flowers 4—6, on
a peduncle nearly or quite as long as the leafy stem; bracts oblong-
navicular, membranous, 13-2 in. long. Calyx turbinate, } in. long,
shortly 3-lobed. Corolla-tube twice as long as the calyx ; lobes lanceo-
late, 14-13 in. long. Staminodia 3 in. long; lip emarginate; fertile
stamen much shorter ; anther } in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Buchner, 694, Mechow, 5598.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

6. K. brachystemon, Schumann in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 149-
Leaves unknown. Flowers produced before the leaves, many on a
slender peduncle. Calyx obliquely truncate, 14-2 in. long. Corolla-
lobes linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Lip violet; anther scarcely 4 in-
long, with a recurved crest.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 3100! Mukulumussi,
Volkens, 201.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

7. K. macrosiphon, Baker. Leaves contemporary with the
flowers, furnished with short free petioles ; blade oblong, acuminate,
4—6 in. long, 2-2} in. broad at the middle, moderately firm, glabrous.
Flowers many on a short peduncle; bracts oblong-navicular, scariose,
4-3 in. long. Calyx cylindrical, 14 in. long, distinctly toothed.
Corolla-tube very slender, 1 in. longer than the calyx; lobes linear,
#-1 in. long. Staminodia pale uniform blue, slightly longer than the
cine anak lip rounded at the apex, 1 in. broad; fertile stamen
not seen.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !

2. CADALVENA, Fenzl in Sitz. Akad. Wissen. Wien, Math.
Nat. li. Abth. ii. 139.

Calyx membranous, cylindrical, shortly toothed at the apex.
Corolla-tube shortly exserted from the calyx; lobes large, membranous,
equal, lanceolate. Lateral staminodia not produced ; lip large, petaloid,

pr"

Cadalvena. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEH (BAKER). 297

rounded at the apex; anther 2-celled, placed in the centre of a strap-
shaped petaloid process. Ovary 3-celled ; ovules many in a cell; style
filiform ; stigma dilated, ciliated round the edge. Capsule membranous.
Seeds globose, with a straight central embryo.—Acaulescent annuals,
with a rosette of large cuneate leaves spreading on the ground and
few large fugitive flowers on short pedicels from the centre of the
rosette.
Endemic.

Habit, calyx and corolla of Kempferia, section Soncorus ; stamen and staminodia of
Costus.

Leaves much imbricated, not thickened at the base , 1. C. spectabilis.
Leaves not imbricated, thickened and spongy at the base 2. C. pistiefolia,

1. C. spectabilis, Fenzl in Sitz. Akad. Wissen. Wien, Math. Nat.
li. Abth. ii. 140. Leaves usually 4 in a spiral rosette, obovate-cuneate,
much imbricated, 2-8 in. long and broad, pale green, membranous,
glabrous, not thickened at the base. Flowers few, on short pedicels
from the centre of the rosette, contemporary with the leaves. Calyx
short, funnel-shaped. Corolla-lobes lanceolate, ascending, 14-2 in. long.
Lip pale yellow, obovate-cuneate, 3 in. long 14-2 in. broad; fertile
stamen shorter than the corolla-lobes; anther-cells nearly parallel,
4 in. long, overtopped by a long pale yellow strap-shaped’ petaloid pro-
cess.—Kempferia spectabilis, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 642. Costus
spectabilis, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 422, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-
Afr. ©. 150.

Wile Land. Upper Senaar ; Fazokl, Boriana ; Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth,.
1888 ! Galabat: banks of the Gendua River, Schweinfurth, 1345!

Lower Guinea. Congo: Loukoungou, 700-2000 ft., Hens, 353 !

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst! Portuguese East
Africa: Morambala Mountain, 2000-3000 ft., Kirk! Waller! British Central
Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 26! near Blantyre, Zast ! Mount
Sochi, Scott-Elliot, 8521! between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa, Johnston !
and without precise locality, Buchanan, 532! 668!

2. C. pistizfolia, Baker. Closely allied to C. spectabilis, but
leaves more cuneate and not imbricated, thickened and spongy at the
` base, as in Pistia, ovary shorter, corolla-lobes broader and anther-
cells only half as long.—Costus pistiefolius, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb.
xv, 424,

Lower Guinea. Angola: in woods at Malange, Teuscz, 3151

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

3. COSTUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f, Gen. Pl. iii. 646.

Calyx funnel-shaped; teeth ovate, erect, equal. Corolla-tube
funnel-shaped ; lobes oblong, equal. Lateral staminodia suppressed
or minute; lip large, obovate-cuneate with incurved edges ; anther
2-celled, placed in the centre of a strap-shaped petaloid process ;
ovary 3-celled; ovules many in a cell; ‘style filiform; stigma dilated,

298 CXXXIV, SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [ Costus.

usually appendiculate at the back. Capsule ovoid or globose, trisulcate,
splitting between the ribs. Seeds subglobose, with a small aril and
thick straight embryo.—Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs. Flowers usually
in dense spikes at the end of long leafy stems, rarely on peduncles pro-
duced direct from the rhizome ; outer bracts suborbicular or ovate, firm
in texture; bracteoles oblong, membranous. Lip large and showy,
white or red, with usually a blotch of yellow in the middle.

Species about 30, cosmopolitan in the Tropical zone, concentrated in America.

Spike terminal on the leafy stem, of which the nodes are

produced.
Ligules large.
Bracts with leafy tips . ; : : : . 1. C. phyllocephalus.
Bracts without leafy tips . : : - . 2. C. ligularis.
Ligules short.
Leafy stem long, sarmentose `", 2 : . 3. C. sarmentosus.

Leafy stems erect.
Outer bracts 3-1 in. broad.

Leaves glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath. 4. C. afer.
Leaves densely grey, silky beneath . . . 5. C. lucanusianus.
Outer bracts larger . ` c 6. C. trachyphyllus.

Spike terminal on a leafy stem, of which the leaves are
crowded at the tip. e S :
Spikes terminal on a very short leafy stem, which bears
only one leaf ; . : : S i . 8. C. englerianus.
Spikes lateral on a leafy stem è : : : . 9. C. lateriflorus.
Spikes produced from the rootstock distinct from the
leafy stems.
Spikes 2—4 flowered.

. ©. nudicaulis.

~J

Leaves glabrous . ; S S S $ -< 10. C. bicolor.

Leaves pubescent.
Leaves obovate, 2-3 in. long. : . 11. C. tappeinbeckianus.
Leaves oblong, 4-6 in. long : : : . 12. C. pauciflorus.

Spikes many-flowered.
Bracts 2 1 in. broad . c ` . : . 4. C.afervar, maculatus.
Bracts 2-3 in. broad . : : a . 13. C. giganteus.

1. C. phyllocephalus, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 420. Leafy
stem terete, glabrous, very slender, under a foot long. Leaves obovate-
oblong, 5-6 in. long, about 2 in. broad at the middle, acuminate, -
narrowed to the base, glabrous on both sides; petiole very short ;
ligule large, obliquely truncate, membranous, subacute, mucronate
below the apex. Spike many-flowered, 2 in. diam. ; bracts furnished
with a leafy point. Calyx above 4 in. long; lobes very short. Corolla-
lobes oblong-lanceolate, 14 in. long. Lip obovate-cuneate, 2 in. Jong
and broad ; petaloid filament much shorter than the lip, }—} in. broad ;
anther-cells } in. long. ,

Lower Guinea. Angola: banks of the Quango River, Teuscz, 508.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

2. C. ligularis, Baker. Leafy stem 4 ft. long. Leaves eier l
late-oblong, acuminate, 6-8 ins long, about 3 in. broad above the middle,

Costus. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEA (BAKER). 299

cuneate at the base, moderately firm, glabrous on both sides; petiole
scarcely any; ligule oblong, brown, membranous, obtuse, 1-14 in.
long. Flowers many in a sessile globose cluster, terminal on the leafy
stem ; bracts orbicular, } in. broad. Calyx } in. long, toothed at the
tip. Corolla-lobes above 1 in. long. Lip 2 in. long and broad, pink ;
process of fertile stamen an inch shorter than the lip.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, by the Muni River, Mann, 1628!

3. C. sarmentosus, Bojer in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, iv. 262, t. 8.
Stems slender, sarmentose, reaching a length of 20-30 ft. Leaves
oblong-lanceolate, a span long, 2 in. broad at the middle, softly pubes-
cent beneath ; petiole very short, villous; ligule short, densely ciliated.
Spikes sessile at the apex of the leafy stem, i} in. diam.; bracts
suborbicular, the lower 1 in. broad. Calyx shorter than the bract.
Corolla-lobes oblong, acute. Lip obovate-cuneate, 1 in. broad, white
with a yellow blotch in the middle, fimbriated at the margin ; process
of fertile stamen nearly as long as the lip.— Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 328.

Mozamb. Dist. Island of Zanzibar, on the banks of streams amongst tall
grass, Bojer !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

4. C. afer, Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 683. Terrestrial. Leafy stems erect,
reaching a length of 10-12 ft. Leaves very variable in size, oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, 3—9 in. long, 1—3 in. broad at the middle, acuminate,
moderately firm, rounded at the base to a short broad petiole, glabrous
or softly pubescent beneath; ligule very short. Spikes globose, 1-3 in.
long, 1 23 in. diam., usually sessile at the end of the leafy stems ` bracts
suborbicular, glabrous, the outer 3—1 in. long and broad. Calyx shorter
than the bract ; lobes ovate, obtuse. Corolla-lobes oblong, acute, about
l in. long. Lip 14 in. long and broad, white or red, with a yellow
‘centre; process that bears the anther 4—4 in. broad, nearly as long as
the lip, incurved at the tip.—Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4979; Horan.
Prodr. Scit. 36 ; Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 131; Schumann in Engl.
Jahrb, xy. 422,

Upper Guinea, Island of Los, Selwyn ! Sierra Leone, Afzelius ! Don! Vogel,
£0; Scott-Elliot, 3886! Gold Coast, Burton! Lower Niger ` Abo, Vogel! Barter,
417! Fernando Po, Mann, 439! Cameroons: Cameroon River, Mann, 2143!

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamnieam; Nabambisso River, Schwein-

Surth, ser, iii. 204! Uganda, Scott-Elliot, 7330 !

Lower Guinea. Congo, Smith! Angola: Golungo Alto; between Trombeto
and Cambondo, common on the banks of the streams, Welwitsch, 6464!

Var, maculatus, Baker. Flowering stems produced direct from the root, covered
by imbricate leaf sheaths, C. maculatus, Rose. Scit. t. 82.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don,

Dried specimens of a plant cultivated at Kew in 1883 show the tall leafy stems of
the type, and the short leafless stems of the variety from the same root.

5. C. lucanusianus, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 151. Leafy stem 6-7 ft. long. Leaves shortly
petioled, oblong, 8-10 in. long, 2-3 in. broad, gradually acuminate,

2

300 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEÆ (BAKER). [Costus.

subcordate at the base, minutely pubescent above, clothed with grey
silky hairs beneath; ligule with spreading hairs. Spike terminal,
globose or oblong, 3—4 in. diam. ; bracts densely imbricate, nearly 1 in.
long. Calyx much exserted, cut one-third down, glabrous, ciliate.
Corolla-lobes lanceolate, 1 in. or more long. Lip obovate, undulate on
the upper margin, 2 in. long; process of fertile stamen lanceolate,
acuminate, shorter than the lip.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in forest near Batanga, Braun !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Laurent !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

6. C. trachyphyllus, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 420. Leafy
stem long, moderately stout. Leaves oblong, acute, 10-12 in. long,
3—4 in. broad at the middle, cuneate at the base, firm in texture, pubes-
cent beneath ; petiole very short ; ligule short, truncate. Spikes many-
flowered, oblong, terminal, 3 in. long, 2 in. diam. ; outer bracts orbicular,
glabrous, 1} in. broad. Calyx funnel-shaped, } in. long ; teeth L-Z as
long as the tube. Corolla-lobes oblong, acute, 14-14 in. long. Lip
obovate, 24-3 in. long, 14 in. broad, white or tinged with rose-red `
petaloid filament about I in. shorter than the lip, obtuse ; anther } in.
long, placed half-way down the filament.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; Mbrwole River, Schweinfurth,
ser. iii. 206! Yuru River, Schweinfurth, 3268!

7. C. nudicaulis, Baker. Epiphytic. Stem naked, under 1 ft.
long, bearing at its tip a dense rosette of unequal, oblanceolate-oblong,
acute leaves, the longest 4 in. long, under 2 in. broad at the middle,
moderately firm, glabrous on both sides. Spike many-flowered, oblong,
sessile at the tip of the stem in the centre of the rosette of leaves ; bracts.
small, oblong. Calyx not protruding beyond the bract. Corolla-lobes
oblanceolate-oblong, 14 in. long. Lip 2 in. long and broad, pale red;
process of fertile stamen about 1 in. shorter than the lip ; anther-cells-
3 in. long.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Gaboon River, Mann, 1033!

8. C. englerianus, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 419, t. 13.
Stems very short, arising from a long slender creeping rootstock,
bearing only a single large membranous sheath-leaf and a single deve-
loped leaf. Leaf broadly oblong, 3-5 in. long, 2-3 in. broad, firm,
glabrous, obtuse. Flowers 2-3 in a spike at the tip of the stem;
bracts oblong-lanceolate, scariose, under 1 in. long. Calyx 3-3 in. long,
subcylindrical, minutely 3-toothed. Corolla-lobes oblanceolate, Fei
above lin. long. Lip obovate, white with a patch of yellow m t í:
middle, 14-2 in. long, under 1 in. broad; petaloid filament 4 in. broad
anther very small.—N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 789. C. um-
folius, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 696.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in forest west of Barombi-ba-~Mbu, on rocks on iad
bed of a river, Preuss, 461. Gold Coast, cultivated specimen !

Introduced into cultivation by Messrs. Sander, of St. Albans, in 1891.

Costus. | CXXXIV, SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 301

9. C. lateriflorus, Baker. Leafy stem apparently sarmentose.
Leaves oblong, 5-7 in. long, 24-3 in. broad at the middle, obtusely
cuspidate, cuneate at the base, moderately firm, glabrous on both sides;
petiole and ligule very short. Flowers many in a cluster from the side
of the stem; bracts small, oblong. Calyx subcylindrical, firm in tex-
ture, ł in. long, shortly toothed at the apex. Corolla-lobes oblong-
lanceolate, above 1 in. long. Lip sulphur-yellow, 2 in. long and broad,
irregularly toothed round the outer edge; process of fertile stamen
nearly 1 in. shorter than the lip ; anther } in. long.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay: Mount John, River Kongui, Mann, 1629!

10. C. bicolor, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. 152. Leafy stem slender, 10-20 in. long. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, 2-4 in. long, acuminate, narrowed to the base, firm in
texture, glabrous on both surfaces. Flowering peduncle short, with
only sheaths from the nodes. Spike 2-flowered ` bracts not longer than
the ovary. Calyx violet, funnel-shaped, 4 in. long; lobes very short.
Corolla 1 in. long; lobes narrowly lanceolate. Lip obovate, golden-
yellow, 2 in. long, crenulate on the margin ; process of fertile stamen
lanceolate, acuminate.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Muha, near Malimba, in woods, Braun !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

11. C. tappenbeckianus, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth.
Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. 152. Leafy stem 1-1} ft. long. Leaves shortly
petioled, obovate, 2—3 in. long, acute, rounded at the base, pilose
beneath and on the midrib. Fertile stem very short, not leafy. Spike
oblong, 4-flowered ; bracts ovate, subcomplicate, nearly an inch long.
Calyx under 4 in. long, cut } down. Corolla-lobes lanceolate, hyaline.
Lip obovate, above 2 in. long, undulated at the apex; process of fertile
stamen lanceolate.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Batanga, in the forest, Braun.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

12. CG pauciflorus, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 421. Leafy
stem under a foot long, arising from a creeping rootstock, with two
sheaths in the lower half and two leaves in the upper half some distance
apart. Leaves oblong, 4—6 in. long, 2-3 in. broad at the middle,
moderately firm, obtuse, rounded at the base, pubescent beneath ;
petiole and ligule both very short. Flowers 2-3 in a spike, arising
direct from the rootstook on a short peduncle ; bracts ovate, scariose,
the outer 1} in. long. Calyx spathaceous, slit in the upper third.
Corolla-lobes oblanceolate, membranous, obtuse, 1} in. long. : Lip 2 in.
long and broad, obovate-cuneate, tinged with lilac; petaloid filament
obtuse, half as long as the lip; anther-cells placed half way down it,
ł in. long.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, swamps in forest-clearings,
Soyauz, 119!
A very distinct species, with a flower spike and bracts like those of an Amomum.

302 CXXXIV. SCITAMINE (BAKER). [ Costus.

13. ©. giganteus, Welw. ex Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 131.
Terrestrial. Rootstock creeping. Leafy stems erect, very stout,
reaching to a length of 20-24 ft. Leaves 1-2 ft. long, 4-5 in. broad
above the middle, acute, quite glabrous on both sides, narrowed
gradually to a short broad petiole ; ligule truncate, above } in. long.
Scapes in tufts from the rootstock, 4-10 ft. long, 14 in. diam. ; spikes.
oblong, 5-6 in. long, 3-4 in. diam.; lower bracts, 24 in. broad. Calyx
2 in. long; lobes shorter than the tube. Corolla-lobes oblong, acute,
2 in. long. Lip not much longer than the corolla-lobes, fimbriate at:
the margin; anther placed above the middle of its acute petaloid
connective.—Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 422.

Lower Guinea. St. Thomas and Princes Islands, Mann, 1146! Island of
St. Thomas; Mount Caffé, by streams in primeval woods, 2000-2800 ft., Welwitsch,
6465 !

4, AMOMUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 644.

Calyx funnel-shaped, obscurely toothed, shortly slit down one side.
Corolla-tube cylindrical, not much longer than the calyx; upper lobe
arcuate, oblong-navicular, 2 lower spreading, lanceolate. Lateral
staminodia suppressed; lip large, petaloid, usually obovate-cuneate ;.
fertile stamen with a narrow or filiform filament, two divergent
anther-cells and, in the Tropical African species, a 3-lobed petaloid
crest. Ovary 3-celled; ovules many in a cell; style filiform ; stigma
subglobose, ciliate round the margin; stylodia gland-like, fleshy.
Fruit ovoid, acuminate, with a thick fleshy pericarp. Seeds subglobose
or angled by pressure, with a thin papery aril and straight central
embryo.—Rootstock not fleshy. Leafy stem distinct from the flower-
ing stems. Flowers solitary or in dense spikes, with imbricate scarlose
bracts. Lip large and decorative. Seeds of some of the species
aromatic (Grains of Paradise).

Species 100, the others Tropical Asiatic and Polynesian.

*Flower-spikes sessile or shortly peduncled.
Lip large, obovate-cuneate.
Flowers solitary.
Fruit not sulcate vertically.

Crest of anther ovate cuspidate . ; . 1. A. arundinaceum.
Crest of anther square . e : : . 2, A. Melegueta.
Fruit sulcate vertically . S - ` . 8, A. sulcatum.

Flowers few in a spike.
Leaves glabrous.

Leaves 1 13 in. broad.
Leafy stem 2-3 ft. long . ; : . 4. A. alboviolaceum. `
Leafy stem 4—5 ft. long . S . . 5, A.Granum-Paradist.-

Leaves 2-3 in. broad,
Leaves narrowed to the base.

Leaves subsessile,

Amomum. | CXXXIV, SCITAMINEH (BAKER). 303:

Leafy stem 4-5 ft. long . ` . 6. A, latifolium.
Leafy stem 9-10 ft. long . “ . 7. A. kayserianum.
Leaves distinctly petioled.
Ligule small, truncate - 5 , 8. A, Manmi.
Ligule large, rounded at the apex - 9. A. Sceptrum.
Leaves cordate at the base S A . 10. A, macrolepis.

Leaves more or less hairy.
Leaves 14-14} in. broad.

Lip rose-red . : S : . 11. 4. glaucophyllum.
Lip pale violet with a yellow throat . . 12. A. leptolepis.
Lip purple 5 : ; - 5 . 13. A. limbatum.
Leaves 2-24} in. broad.
Leaves with long hairs on both sides . . 14. A. pilosum.
Leaves glabrous above, finely pubescent
below - x S 2 : . 15. A. subsericeum.
Flowers many ina spike `. 5 : : . 16. A. citratum.
Lip small, oblong.
Leaves 13-3 in. broad . S : c : . 17. A. angustifolium.
Leaves 44-5 in. broad . S S S : . 18. A. polyanthum.
*Flower-spike with a long simple peduncle.
Leaves 14-2 in. broad . 5 : R : . 19. A. cereum.
Leaves 3-4 in. broad.
Leaves glabrons beneath ` 4 “ 5 . 20. A. zambesiacum.
Leaves softly hairy beneath . ° - : . 21. A. Ellioti.
“= Flower-spike with a long-branched peduncle.
Lip large, obovate-cuneate.
Leaves glabrous.
Leaves 2-21 in. broad. S : S . 22, A, longiscapum,
Leaves 6-7 in. broad : : : : . 23. A. giganteum.
Leaves hairy on the veins . 3 i S . 24, A. luteoalbum.
Lip small, oblong . ` S S ; : . 25. A. sanguineum.

1. A. arundinaceum, Oliv. d Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii.
109. Rhizome slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem slender, 4-5 ft.
long. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, firm in texture, glabrous, 6—10 in.
long, 3—1 in. broad, sessile on the sheath, narrowed to the base; ligule
small, brown. Spikes 1-flowered. Peduncle short, covered by obtuse,
much imbricated brown bracts. Corolla-lobes nearly 3 in. long; upper
oblong, obtuse, 1} in. broad ; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate,
3 in. long, 2 in. broad, much crisped towards the margin ; anther-
crest with a moderately large ovate cuspidate erect central lobe and two
erecto-patent lanceolate side lobes. Fruit ovoid, 3 in. long, 1} in.
diam., not sulcate. Seeds ellipsoid, black, shining, not aromatic.—
Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2476.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1903!

2. A. Melegueta, Rosc. Scit.t.98. Rhizome slender, wide-creeping.
Leafy stem 4-5 ft. long. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, firm, glabrous,
the lower 6-9 in, long, 3-1 in. broad, narrowed at the base, nearly
Sessile on the sheath; ligule very small. Flowers- solitary, shortly
peduncled, 3-4 in, long. Upper bracts oblong, minutely apiculate,

304 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). [Amomum.

14-2 in. long. Upper corolla-lobe oblong, 2-3 in. long ; lateral lanceo-
late. Lip obovate-cuneate, 14-2 in. broad, pure white or tinged with
pink; central lobe of anther-crest quadrate, crenate; side lobes
spreading, lanceolate. Capsule ampulliform, glabrous, red or orange
when ripe, not sulcate, about 3 in. long by 1 in. diam. Seeds aromatic,
globose, brown, 4 in. diam.—Hook. f. in Kew Journ. Bot. vi. 293;
Horan. Prodr. 29; Bentl. & Trim. Med. Pl. t. 268; Ridl. in Journ.
Bot. 1887, 130.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bayabaya, Scott-Elliot, 4577 ! Yoruba, Daniell !
Fernando Po, Daniell !

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Mann, 10548! Welwitsch, 6459! Island of
St. Thomas, Mann, 10544! Moller! Quintas! Welwitsch, 6450, Congo (ex Roscoe).

Var. violaceum, Ridl. loc. cit. Flowers bright violet, with lip shorter than in the
type, and corolla-tube densely transversely plicate.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; ou banks of streams, Welwitsch,
6457 ! 6458!

3. A. sulcatum, Oliv. £ Hanb. Rootstock wide-creeping. Leaves
.oblong-lanceolate, glabrous on both sides, sessile on the sheath, the
leaves 6—8 in. long, 18-21 lin. broad at the middle; ligule small,
rounded. Spike sessile, 1-flowered ` bracts oblong-navicular, obtuse or
subacute, 1-1} in. long. Upper corolla-lobe oblong, 2 in. long, ł in.
broad ; side lobes lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate, 24 in. long, 13-1}
in. broad. Fruit ampulliform, glabrous, conspicuously sulcate, like
that of A. Granum-Paradisi, 2 in. long, 1 in. diam.

Upper Guinea. Liberia: Cape Palmas, Hoffman, 14! Gibson !

4. A. alboviolaceum, Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1887, 130. Rhizome
slender. Leafy stems 2-3 ft. long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute,
glabrous, 5 in. long, 14 in. broad; ligule lanceolate, acuminate, 1} in.
long. Flowers 2-3 in an oblong shortly peduncled spike, inodorous,
whitish-violet, about 3 in. long; bracts oblong, obtuse. Lateral lobes
of the corolla lanceolate, acuminate. Lip 14 in. broad, more acuminate
than in A. Melegueta ; anther-cells rather pubescent ; central lobe of
anther-crest broadly triangular ; lateral lobes lanceolate, acuminate.
Fruit and seeds not known.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in woods on the right bank of the
River Cuanza, Welwitsch, 6453 !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

5. A. Granum-Paradisi, Linn. ex parte; Hook. f. in Kew
Journ. vi. 295. Rhizome slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem Ji"
ft. long, bright red at the base. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, firm,
glabrous, 4-8 in. long, 14-13 in. broad at the middle, cuneate at the
base, shortly petioled above the sheath; ligule moderately large,
obtuse. Spikes 3-4-flowered, oblong ; peduncles 2-6 in. long; bracts
obtuse, oblong, the upper 14 in. long. Flowers white, about 3 in. long.
Corolla-lobes 2 in. long; upper oblong; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-

Amomum. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 305

cuneate, 14-2 in. broad, yellow at the throat; anther-crest with an
entire ovate central lobe and two large lanceolate spreading side-lobes.
Fruit ovoid, pubescent, 2-3 in. long, 14 in. diam., with 9-10 well-
marked grooves. Seeds aromatic, globose, shining, 4 in. diam.—Hook.
in Bot. Mag. t. 4603; Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 178; Horan. Prodr. 29.
A. exscapum, Sims in Konig & Sims, Ann. i. 548, t. 13; A. grandi-
florum, Smith, Exot. Bot. ii. 103, t. 111; Rees, Cyclop. xxxix. No. 6;
A. Afzelit, Rosc. in Trans. Linn, Soc. viii. 354; Smith in Rees, Cyclop.
xxxix. No. 7; A. palustre, Afzel. Stirp. Med. Nov. 1829, 9.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius ! Lagos, Moloney! Millen, 103 of
1894 collection! Rowland ! Yoruba: Ikomu, Millson, 22! Niger Territory : Nupe,
Barter, 1543! Lower Niger; Abo, Vogel! Onitsa, Barter, 1787! Niger Delta;
Nun River, Vogel, 55! Brass, Barter, 38! West Africa: without locality, Daniell !

_ 6. A. latifolium, Afzel. Remed. Guin. i. 5. Rootstock slender,
wide-creeping. Leafy stem 4-5 ft. long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 8-I2 in. long, 2—24 in. broad at the middle, moderately firm,
glabrous, narrowed to the base, nearly sessile on the sheath ; ligule
large, truncate. Spikes 3—4-flowered, shortly peduncled ; bracts obtuse.
Flowers pure white, about 3 in, long. Upper corolla-lobes oblong,
2 in. long; lateral lanceolate. Lip ovate-cuneate, 2 in. broad. Fruit
oblong, glabrous, 3 in. long, 14 in. diam. Seeds brown, shining, not
suleate, ellipsoid, } in. long, not aromatic.—Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg.
i. 29, 571; Horan. Prodr. 29; Hook. f. in Kew Journ. vi. 297.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius! Daniell! Graf! Niger Delta:
Grand Bassa, Herb, Hanbury.

Lower Guinea. Congo, Roscoe.

Native name Mabooboo.

7. A. kayserianum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 415. Root-
stock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem 9-10 ft. long. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, acute, moderately firm, quite glabrous, 1 ft. long, 2}—3 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed to the base, nearly sessile on the sheath ;
ligule small, truncate. Spikes oblong, 5—6-flowered, shortly peduncled ;
bracts oblong, obtuse, green, glabrous, the upper 2 in. long. Corolla-
lobes 2 in. long; upper oblong-spathulate ; lateral lanceolate. Lip
white, obovate-cuneate, about an inch broad ` anther-crest with a small
entire orbicular central lobe and two very large lanceolate falcate side-
lobes. Fruit and seeds unknown.

e Upper Guinea. Cameroons: near Buea, in low forest, 3000-3500 ft., Preuss,
26!

8. A. Mannii, Oliv. d Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 110.
Rootstock slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem 4-5 ft. long. Leaves
oblong, strongly cuspidate, firm, glabrous, 6-8 in. long, 2-3 in. broad,
narrowed to a distinct petiole above the sheath ; ligule small, brown,
scariose, truncate. Spikes 2-3-flowered; peduncle very short, hidden
by the much imbricated oblong obtuse bracts, which are conspicuously
spotted with brown on a green ground. Corolla-lobes above 2 in. long;

VOL. VII. x

306 CXXXIV. SCITAMINES (BAKER). | Amomum.

upper oblong, obtuse, 1 in. broad; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-
cuneate, 2 in. broad ; anther-crest with a small erect central lobe and
two spreading linear side-lobes. Fruit and seeds unknown.—Baker in
Hook. Ie. t. 2482.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1902! Gaboon, cultivated specimen!

9, A. Sceptrum, Oliv. d Hand. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 109.
Rootstock slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem 5-6 ft. long. Leaves
oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, moderately firm, 8-10 in. long, 2-3
in. broad, glabrous on both surfaces, deltoid at the base, shortly petioled
above the sheath; ligule large, membranous, rounded at the apex.
Peduncle short, few-flowered ; bracts glabrous, truncate, conspicuously
spotted with purple ona pale green ground, indistinctly ribbed. Flowers
about 3 in. long. Upper lobe of the corolla oblong, 2 in. long, above
an inch broad ; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate, 14 in. broad,
pale lilac with a yellow throat, crisped towards the edge; central lobe
of the anther-crest small, deltoid ; lateral large, faleate. Dried fruit
ampulliform, not grooved, glabrous, 2 in. long, under 1 in. diam.
Seeds faintly aromatic, with a bright pale brown very shining testa.—
Hook. f. in Bot: Mag. t. 5761.

Upper Guinea. Akasa, at the mouth of the River Niger, Simmonds !
Lower Guinea. Gaboon River, Mann, 1034! Lower Congo, Laurent, 35.

10. A. macrolepis, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 416. Leafy
stem tall. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, distinctly petioled on the
sheath, cordate at the base, 16-18 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle,
glabrous on both surfaces; ligule large, membranous, cut down to the
middle or beyond into two lobes. Inflorescence large, capitate ; peduncle
4 in. long, covered from the base to the top with large bract leaves.
Corolla-lobes 2 in. long ; upper oblong, obtuse; lateral linear-lanceolate.
Lip obovate-oblong, 2-24 in. long and broad, crisped at the margm,
fleshy in the middle; central lobe of anther-crest triangular ; lateral
lanceolate, falcate.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons : on the bank of a brook near Barombi, Preuss, 5.
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

11. A. glaucophyllum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb, xv. 415. Leafy
stem, tall. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, above a foot long, 14 m.
broad at the middle, glaucous-green, glabrous above, minutely pubescent
beneath, narrowed gradually to the base ; ligule small, truncate. Spikes
2-flowered, club-shaped ; peduncle short ; bracts ciliated on the margin.
Dorsal corolla-lobe obovate, obtuse, nearly 3 in. long, 2 in. broad ;
lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate, large, crisped, rose-red with f
yellow throat; anther-crest with a subemarginate triangular centra
lobe and two spreading lanceolate side-lobes. Fruit and seeds unknown.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: on the tobacco farm of Kriby, Preuss, 254.
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Amomum. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEH (BAKER). 307

12. A. leptolepis, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 414. Rootstock
slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem 15-16 ft. long. Leaves lanceolate,
moderately firm, acute, obscurely pubescent on the edge and lower
surface, 1 ft. long, 14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to the base,
nearly sessile on the sheath ; ligule small, truncate. Spikes oblong,
4—5-flowered, subsessile ; bracts oblong, obtuse, membranous, glabrous,
green at the flowering time, the upper 14 in. long. Flowers about 3 in.
long. Upper corolla-lobe oblong, obtuse, 2 in. iong ; lateral lanceolate.
Lip obovate-cuneate, 2 in. broad, much crisped, pale violet with a yellow
throat; central lobe of the anther-crest triangular; lateral lanceolate,
faleate. Fruit ampulliform, 1 in. diam. Seeds angled, 4 in. diam.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in low forests north of Barombi, Preuss, 555!

13. A. limbatum, Oliv. ¢ Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 110.
Rootstock slender, wide-creeping. Leafy stem, 12-15 ft. long. Leaves
lanceolate, acuminate, firm in texture, 6-10 in. long, 14-1} in. broad
at the middle, glabrous above, obscurely pubescent beneath, narrowed
to the base, nearly sessile on the sheath; ligule small. Peduncle short,
2-3-flowered ; bracts oblong, obtuse, brown, scariose, upper above
an inch long. Corolla-lobes 2 in. long; dorsal oblong ; lateral lanceolate.
Lip obovate-cuneate, purple, above 2 in. diam.; anther-crest with a
small orbicular end-lobe and two spreading narrow side-lobes. Fruit
glabrous. Seeds ellipsoid, lead-coloured, very shining.— Baker in Hook.
Ic. t 2480.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 99! 1171!

14. A. pilosum, Oliv. d Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 110.
Rootstock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem robust, 6-8 ft. long.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, membranous, cuspidate, 10-12 in. long, 2—24
in. broad at the middle, unequally cuneate at the base, clothed on both
sides with short spreading hairs, nearly sessile on the sheath ; ligule
densely hairy. Scape very short, few-flowered ; bracts oblong-navicular,
acute, dark brown, hairy on the back, the upper 1} in. long. Corolla-
lobes about 1 in. long. Lip yellow, obovate-cuneate, as long as the
corolla-lobes ; anther-crest with a small deltoid central-lobe and two
lanceolate falcate sidelobes. Fruit and seeds unknown.—Baker in
Hook. Ic. t. 2483.

Upper Guinea, Fernando Po, Mann, 1415!

15. A. subsericeum, Oliv. d Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 110.
Rootstock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem, 10-12 ft. long. Leaves
oblong-lanceolate, acute, moderately firm, 1 ft. long, 2-24 in. broad at
the middle, glabrous above, finely pubescent all over beneath, narrowed
gradually to the base, sessile on the sheath; ligule small. Peduncles
short, 2-3-flowered ; bracts oblong, obtuse, brown, scariose, the upper
1} in. long. Corolla-lobes 2 in. long; upper oblong; lateral lanceolate.
Lip obovate-cuneate, 2 in. broad, bright-coloured, much crisped towards
the edge; anther-crest with an orbicular central lobe and two falcate

308 CXXX1V. SCITAMINEA (BAKER). [Amomum.

lanceolate side-lobes. Fruit smooth, above 1 in. diam. Seeds ellipsoid,
shining.—Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2484.

Upper Guinea, Niger Territory : Old Calabar, Milne.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Muni River and Gaboon River, Mann, 1904!

16. A. citratum, Pereira in Pharm. Journ. & Trans. ser, 1, ix. 313,
with fig. Rootstock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem stout, 10 ft. long.
Leaves lorate-oblong, moderately firm, acute, glabrous, 1 ft. or more
long, 2—3 in. broad at the middle, broadly rounded at the base, distinctly
petioled above the sheath; ligule large, quadrate, scariose. Flowers
many in a subsessile globose spike, 3 in. diam.; bracts suborbicular,
obtuse, brown, scariose, the outer 2 in. broad. Upper corolla-lobe
oblong, 3 in. long, 2 in. broad; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate,
pale red, 3 in. long, 2 in. broad, much erisped; anther-cells pubescent ;
crest with a small round central lobe and two lanceolate ascending side-
lobes. Fruit ovoid, glabrous, not grooved. Seeds obovoid, shining,
angled by pressure.—Oliv. & Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 110;
Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2478.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: banks of the Gaboon River, Mann, 1052!

17. A. angustifolium, Sonnerat, Voy. Ind. iii. 276, t. 137. Root-
stock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem reaching a length of 10-15 ft.,
4 in. thick at the base. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, thin, glabrous, acute,
the lower 1 ft. or more long, 3 in. broad, nearly sessile on the sheath ;
ligule large, quadrate, scariose. Flowers often several in a spike ;
peduncle sometimes 6—8 in. long; bracts obtuse, minutely apiculate,
the upper oblong, 1} in. long. Flowers yellow or more or less tinged
with red. Upper corolla-lobe oblong, 14 in. long; lateral lanceolate.
Lip oblong-cuneate, about as large as the upper corolla-lobe, deflexed ;
anther-crest with a small rounded central lobe and two defiexed lanceo-
late side-lobes. Fruit ampulliform, bright red, glabrous, not grooved,
3-4 in. long, about 1 in. diam. Seeds oblong, large, pale-brown, glossy,
not aromatic.—Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 39; Horan. Prodr. 29; Hanb. in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii, 154. A. madagascariense, Lam. Ill. i. 4, t. 2, fig. 1-
A. nemorosum, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 327. A. Afzelii, Hook. f. in Hook.
Journ. Bot. iv. 129, t. 5. A. Daniellii, Hook. f. in Kew Journ. Bot.
vi. 294; Bot. Mag. t. 4764; Baker, Fl. Maurit. 326. A. Clusi, Hanb.
in Bot. Mag. t. 5250; Horan. Prodr. 29. A. erythrocarpum, Ridley in
Journ. Bot. 1887, 130.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Sugarloaf Mountain, Daniell, 5! Fernando
Po, Daniell! Barter ! Mann, 1170!

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Semliki Valley, Scott-Elliot,
7953 ! in streams at the foot of Ruwenzori, west side, Scott-Elliot, 8099 !

Lower Guinea. Gaboon River, Mann, 1035! Island of St. Thomas, Mann,
1053! Moller, 8! Welwitsch, 6449! Princes Island, Barter, 1991! Welwitsch,
6455! Congo, Smith ! Angola: Pungo Andongo ; Mate de Pungo, Welwitsch, 6452!
Golungo Alto; Sobato de Quilombo and Queta, Welwitsch, 6456! near Banza,
Welwitsch, 6451! Malange, Marques, 26!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, T aylor !

Amomum. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 309

Also Mauritius and Madagascar. Sonnerat’s type specimen from Madagascar, in
the British Museum, has leaves not more than 14 in, broad.

18. A. polyanthum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 411. Leafy
stem, tall. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 1 ft. or more long,
4—5 in. broad at the middle, densely softly pilose beneath, rounded to
the base, distinctly petioled on the sheath; ligule small, truncate.
Flowers several in a globose head on a peduncle 4—1 ft. long, with
large oblong obtuse scariose imbricate bract-leaves. Dorsal petal
small, oblong. Lip oblong, purplish-yellow, 1 in. long; anther-crest
with a triangular central-lobe and falcate lanceolate side-lobes. Fruit
ampulliform, glabrous, not grooved.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; at the rapids of the Linduku
River, Schweinfurth, 3092! Diamvonu stream, Schweinfurth, 3262! 3312!

19. A. cereum, Hook. f. in Kew Journ. Bot. vi. 296. Leafy
stem short, slender. Leaves lanceolate, firm, glabrous, reaching 1 ft.
long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, nearly sessile on the sheath,
narrowed to the base; ligule small, truncate. Flowering-stem very
slender, about 4 ft. long, bearing a spike of 1-2 flowers; bracts brown,
scariose, obtuse. Corolla-lobes 14 in. long; upper oblong, obtuse ;
lateral lanceolate. Lip pure white, obovate-cuneate, 14-2 in. broad;
anther-crest with a small entire central lobe and two uncinate linear
side-lobes. Fruit narrowly ampulliform, glabrous, not grooved, 2 in.
long, crowned by the short calyx-tube. Seeds } in. diam., grey, glossy,

~

much angled by pressure.— Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2477.
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Daniell ! Liberia: Cape Palmas, Crummell !

20. A. zambesiacum, Baker. Rootstock stout. Leafy stem 6 ft.
long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, moderately firm, 15-16 in. long, 4 in.
broad at the middle, glabrous on both surfaces, distinctly petioled on
the sheath. Flowers many in a dense head on a flexuose peduncle 1 ft.
long, with many large oblong-navicular coriaceous brown bract-leaves ;
bracts of the capitulum ovate, acute, 14-2 in. long. Flowers seen only
in an undeveloped state.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba, at the
foot of the peak, 4500 ft., Kirk !

21. A. Elliotii, Baker. Leaves oblong, membranous, 1 ft. long.
3-4 in. broad at the middle, glabrous above, softly hairy beneath,
rounded to the base, distinctly petioled above the sheath ; sheaths
densely hairy; ligule moderately large, truncate. Flowers many in a
globose head on a peduncle 9-10 in. long, hidden by large oblong
imbricate obtuse brown scariose bract-leaves ; outer bracts ovate, acute,
2-3 in. long. Young fruit ampulliform, glabrous, 2-3 in. long, under
l in. diam., not grooved vertically. Corolla and lip not seen.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; Herimankuna, in shady woods, Scott-Elliot,
5249 !

310 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). [Amomum.

22. A. longiscapum, Hook. f. in Kew Journ. Bot. vi. 296.
Leafy stem 4-8 ft. long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, moderately
firm, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 2-2} in. broad, quite sessile on the leafy
sheath, with the base shortly cordate on each side; ligule very short,
Peduncle firm, slender, reaching a length of 2 ft., bearing 1—4 spikes,
the side ones on long peduncles. Bracts oblong, obtuse, 14 in. long,
spotted with claret-purple on a pale green ground. Corolla-lobes 2 in.
long ; upper oblong, obtuse; lateral lanceolate. Lip obovate-cuneate,
14 in. broad, much crisped towards the margin; anther-crest not
seen. Fruit ampulliform, glabrous, not grooved, 24-3 in. long. Im-
mature seeds obovoid, with a papery aril.—Baker in Hook. Ie. t.
2481.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Regent, Daniell, 3!

23. A. giganteum, Oliv. d Hanb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 109.
Leafy stem reaching a length of 15-20 ft. Leaves oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, reaching a length of 2 ft. and a breadth of 6-7 in., acute,
moderately firm, glabrous, rounded at the base, shortly petioled above
the sheath; ligule large, truncate. Flowering stem robust, produced
above the ground to a length of 2 ft., bearing towards the base many
large oblong-complicate bract-leaves and upwards many distichous
sessile erecto-patent spikes containing several flowers each. Corolla-
lobes above 2 in. long; upper oblong, 18—21 lin. broad ; lateral lanceo-
late. Lip obovate-cuneate, 3 in. long, 2 in. broad, much plaited ;
anther-crest with a large emarginate central lobe and 2 small ascending
linear side-lobes. Fruit ovoid, glabrous, not sulcate, 3 in. long. Seeds
small, ellipsoid, shining.—Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2479.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: banks of the Muni and Gaboon Rivers, Mann, 1051 !

24. A. luteo-album, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 413. Rootstock
stout. Leaves hairy on the veins beneath. Inflorescence simple,
clavate, on a peduncle 4 ft. long, or branched on a stem above 1 ft.
long. Corolla-lobes an inch or more long; dorsal oblong, concave,
acute ; lateral linear-lanceolate, very acuminate. Lip obovate-cuneate,
1} in. broad, white with a yellow middle ; anther-crest with a triangular
central lobe and two rather large recurved lateral lobes.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; near the village of Wando on
the Dyagbe River, Schweinfurth.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

25. A. sanguineum, Schumann in Eng’. Jahrb. xv. 412. Root-
stock stout, wide-creeping. Leafy stem 15 ft. long. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, 1-14 ft. long, 4-5 in. broad at the middle, pubescent beneath,
nearly or quite sessile on the sheath; ligule obliquely . truncate.
Inflorescence globose, on a simple peduncle nearly 1 ft. long, which 1s
hidden by the large brown scariose imbricated bracts or compound on à
long stem. Dorsal corolla-lobe oblong-navicular, bright red, 1} in.
long ; lateral linear-lanceolate. Lip oblong, pale yellow, 14 in. long,
4 in. broad; anther-crest with a large ovate terminal lobe and two

Amomum. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEEZ (BAKER). 311

faleate lanceolate side-lobes. Fruit ampulliform, smooth, glabrous,
not grooved, 3 in. long, 1 in. diam.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; Nabambisso River (in woods
along the Boddo, near Sabbi, ex Schumann), Schweinfurth, 3022! Assika River,
Schweinfurth, 3310! Nabanda Yuru, Schweinfurth, 3335!

Imperfectly known Species.

A. macrospermum, Smith in Rees, Cyclop. xxxix. No. 3; A.
Clusii, Smith, loc. cit.. No. 4; and A. strobilaceum, Smith, loc. cit.,
Vo. 8, are described from such incomplete material (fruit and seed only)
that it is impossible to identify them with certainty.

A. crassilabium, Schumann in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 149. Leaves
8-10 in. long. 14-2 in. broad, broadest above the middle, glabrous,
shortly petioled ; ligule nearly 1 in. long. Flowers yellow.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, 3000-3500 ft., Holst,
4240,

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

A. Mala, Schumann in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 149. Leaves oblong,
moderately firm, 1-14 ft. long, 4—5 in. broad at the middle, glabrous on
both sides, deltoid at the base, shortly petioled above the sheath ;
ligule large, truncate. Flowers 3-34 in. long, golden yellow. Fruit
fusiform, eatable.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Mlalo, Holst, 2459! 3740,

A. Korarima, Pereira, Mat. Med. edit. 3, 1136, figs. 245-247,
Fruit ampulliform, narrowed gradually to the apex, 2 in. long, 1 in.
diam., flattened on one side, glabrous, not vertically grooved. Seed
rather larger than in A. Melegueta, globose or somewhat angled, olive-
brown, with an aromatic taste.—Kew Bulletin, 1894, 400.

Wile Land. “Brought to the market of Baso, in Southern Abyssinia, from
Tumhe, somewhere about 9° N. lat. and 35° (363°) E. long. Carried down to Massowa,
and thence exported to India ” (Pereira).

There are specimens in the Kew Museum received from Bombay and Aden, and
directly from Abyssinia from the Countess of Mayo.

5, RENEALMIA, Linn. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 648.

Calyx firm in texture, narrowly or broadly funnel-shaped, 3-toothed
at the apex. Corolla-tube as long as the calyx; lobes subequal,
oblong-lanceolate. Lateral staminodia rudimentary ; lip a little longer
than the coroilla-lobes; fertile anther 2-celled, not crested ; filament
narrow. Ovary cylindrical, 3-celled ; ovules many ina cell; style long,
filiform ; stigma turbinate. Capsule globose, rather fleshy, finally
dehiscing irregularly. Seeds few, subglobose, arillate ; testa much
intruded ; embryo straight.—Rootstock fleshy, sending out cylindrical

312 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [ Renealmia.

root fibres. Leafy stemsin all the African species but one distinct from
the flowering stems. Inflorescence a narrow thyrsoid panicle; bracts
membranous, often enclosing the bracts.

Species 15-20, all the others Tropical American.

Panicle distinct from the leafy stem.
Panicle 2-3 in. long,

Pedicels as long as the ovary S . , L. E africana.
Pedicels very short ` : S : . , 2. R. Manni,
Panicle 1 ft. long.
Panicle very narrow. a : S e . 3. R. cincinnata.
Panicle A in, broad. : ` ` S . 4, R. grandiflora.
Panicle terminal on the leafy stem f é S . 5. R. battenbergiana.

1. R. africana, Benth. ex Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. t. 1430. Rootstock
as thick as a man’s finger, fleshy, wide-creeping, sending out cylindrical
fibres. Leafy stem 4-5 ft. long. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, 1 ft. or
more long, 2—4 in. broad, acute, narrowed gradually to the base, mode-
rately firm, glabrous on both sides; petiole 1-2 in. long. Flowering
stems many from the rootstocks, distinct from the leafy stem ; panicle
lax, thyrsoid, slightly compound, 3—4 in. long ; peduncle 4-6 in. long,
with many scariose sheaths; bracts oblong, obtuse, pale red, 4-Z in.
long; lower flowers about 3 toa branch, on short erecto-patent pedicels.
Calyx funnel-shaped, 4—4 in. long, finally bright orange-yellow, shortly
toothed at the apex. Corolla-tube not exserted from the calyx; lobes
oblong, } in. long, the upper spoon-shaped. Lip ovate-cuneate, flat,
¢ in. long, under 4 in. broad, with a narrow claw as long as the blade,
with a tooth on each side representing a lateral staminode; fertile
stamen shorter than the corolla-lobes. Fruit small, oblong, dull cinna-
mon-coloured. Seeds deliciously aromatic, covered with the red fila-
ments of the aril_—Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 132.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: upper mountain slopes, in forest, 5000 ft.,
Johnston, 106! Efulen, in forest, Bates, 301! 408! Fernando Po, Mann, 323!

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1905! Gaboon ; Mfoa, Bates, 543! Angola :
Golungo Alto ; in woods at Sobato de Quilombo, Quiacatubia, and Mata de Quisculo,
Welwitsch, 6442!

2. R. Mannii, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. sub t. 1430. Rootstock short,
stout, fleshy, sending out many cylindrical fibres. Leafy stem short.
Leaves few, oblong, cuspidate, cuneate at the base, 6-9 in. long,
2}-3 in. broad at the middle, moderately firm, glabrous on both sides ;
petiole 2-3 in. long. Raceme moderately dense, 2-3 in. long, shortly
peduncled; lower nodes 2-3-flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts
orbicular, persistent, finally pale and chartaceous, wrapped quite round
the ovary and calyx, the lower 4 in. long and broad. Calyx finally
we campanulate, } in. long, obscurely toothed. Corolla and stamens
not seen.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 1172!

3. R. cincinnata, Baker. Rootstock not seen. Leaves few, erect
near the top of a short slender stem, lanceolate, acuminate, narrowe

Renealmia. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). 313

to the base, about 1 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad, moderately firm, glabrous
on both sides; petiole slender, 14-3 in. long. Peduncle 14 ft. long,
with several long scariose obtuse sheaths, produced direct from the
rootstock. Panicle lax, very narrow, 1 ft. long; rhachis pubescent ;
lower flowers geminate; pedicels short, ascending ; bracts oblong, pube-
scent, 4—4 in. long. Calyx narrowly funnel-shaped, } in. long, obscurely
- toothed. Corolla-tube cylindrical, rather longer than the calyx; lobes
small, oblong-lanceolate. Lip not seen. Fruit oblong, 4 in. long.—
Ethanium cincinnatum, K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 424.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange farm, Soyaur, 180!

4. R. grandiflora, Baker. Leaf oblong, acute, deltoid at the
base, 2-3 ft. long, 6-7 in. broad at the middle, moderately firm, gla-
brous on both sides. Panicle dense, thyrsoid, 1 ft. long, 4 in. broad ;
branches spreading horizontally, the lower 2-3-flowered; pedicels
ascending, 4—4 in. long, densely pubescent ; flower-bracts oblong-navi-
cular, above 1 in. long, enclosing the buds. Corolla 14-2 in. long;
lobes oblong-lanceolate, longer than the tube. Lip scarcely longer than
the corolla-lobes.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas: Angolares, Quintas, 2!

5. R. battenbergiana, Cummins. Leafy stem 2-4 ft. long.
‘Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, cuspidate, 6-8 in. long, 14-2 in. broad
above the middle, narrowed to the base, firm, glabrous, with a petiole
an inch long above the clasping sheath. Raceme simple, lax, few-
-flowered, terminal on the leafy stem ; bracts oblong, similar in texture
to the leaves, 3—1 in. long. Calyx funnel-shaped, } in. long. Corolla
not seen. Capsule oblong-cylindrical, indehiscent, } in. long, red.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti: Assin-Yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 197!

6. THALIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 650.

` Sepals 3, equal, free, ovate, membranous. Petals 3, free or slightly
joined at the base; posterior rather larger than the two others. An-
drecium with a short tube; lobes very irregular; lip obovate, with a
crest inside; anther 1-celled on a narrow lobe. Ovary globose, with
only one perfect cell, containing a single erect ovule; style adnate at
the base to the staminal tube; stigma thick, appendiculate at the back.
Capsule globose; pericarp thin, smooth, breaking irregularly. Seeds
solitary, globose, arillate; embryo horseshoe-shaped.—Annual herbs,
without any thickened rootstock. Leaves basal and also cauline, with
long petioles above the sheaths. Inflorescence a lax panicle, with
secund laxly spicate branches, the small flowers in pairs enclosed in a
pair of complicate bracts

Species about 8, the others American,
` Leaf 1 in. broad ` S $ S > - . 1. T. cerulea.

Leaf about 3 in. broad S Í S S . 2. T. Welwitschii.

Leaf 4-6 in, broad . 3 k S i S . 3. T. geniculata.

314 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). [ Thalia.

1. T. coerulea, Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 132. Root-leaves
lanceolate-acuminate, 10 in. long, an inch broad, with a long broad
sheathing petiole. Stems slender, 5-7 ft. long. Panicle lax, with few
branches, } ft. long ; lower branch-bracts not leafy ; branchlets flexuose ;
outer flower-bract grey-violet, ovate-lanceolate, 4 in. long; inner ovate,
obtuse. Flowers blue. Sepals ovate, obtuse. Dorsal petal lorate,
obtuse, ł in. long, much larger than the two others. Staminiferous
lobe of the andrecium lanceolate, obtuse; lip lanceolate, from a tri-
angular base. Seed oblong, } in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in marshes by the River Cuanza,
Welwitsch, 6444!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

2. T. Welwitschii, Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887,132. Root-leaves
ovate, glaucous, 9 in. long, 3 in. broad, with a petiole 1 ft. long, sheath-
ing the stem in the lower part. Stem 3-5 ft. long. Panicle lax,
leafless, not very compound; final branchlets slightly flexuose, 2 in.
long; outer flower-bract subacute, 3 in. long; inner rather longer,
oblong, acute. Flowers purple. Sepals ovate, obtuse. Dorsal petal
ligulate, obtuse; lateral shorter, lanceolate, obtuse. Staminiferous
lobe of the andrecium cuneate; anther with a long stipes. Fruit
globose.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Cazengo; rather rare in damp places between
Cacula and Dalatanda, Welwitsch, 6443! Pungo Andongo; in marshes in the woods
of Mutollo, Welwitsch, 6445!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

3. T. geniculata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 3. Whole plant 5—6 ft. high.
Root-leaves with long petioles, sheathing the lower part of the stem ;
blade ovate or oblong, acute, rounded at the base, moderately firm,
glabrous, very variable in size, often 1 ft. long, 4—6 in. broad ; petiole
with a glabrous cylindrical callus at the apex, 4—1 in. long. Panicle
very large and lax ; lower branches often subtended by reduced leaves;
rhachis very flexuose; flower-bracts oblong, scariose, glabrous or
hairy, }-1 in. long. Flowers in pairs reaching to the tip of the
bract, shortly pedicellate. Calyx very small. Petals oblong, obtuse.
Staminodia usually obovate, violet, much longer than the petals.
Capsule obovoid, } in. long.—Rose. Scit. t. 45; Horan. Prodr. 10;

Peters. in Mart. Fl. Bras. III. iii. 142, t. 38, fig. 3. Maranta geniculata,
Lam. Illust. i. 9.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 665! Sierra Leone: in rice fields
about Mahela, Scott-Elliot, 4054! Falaba, Scott-Elliot, 5098! Dahomey : Godome,
Newton, 16! Lagos: Yoruba; Abeokuta, Irving, 152! 158! and without precise
locality, Moloney! Millen! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter,1024! Hausa, Krause -
Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker § Staudt, 198! 608 !

S !
Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1791!
Niamniam ; Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 2873 !

Also through Tropical America from Florida to Brazil.

Donax.] CXXXIV. SCITAMINEÆ (BAKER). 315

7. DONAX, Lour.; Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 434.

Sepals 3, free, linear-oblong, equal, scariose, persistent. Petals 3,
convolute, spreading at the tip. Staminodia united in a tube at
the base; lobes petaloid, very irregular. Lip obovate, keeled inside ;
staminiferous lobe narrow, with the 1-celled anther adnate to it on one
side. Ovary 3-celled; cells l-ovuled; style adnate below to the
staminal tube, involute. Stigma dilated. Fruit indehiscent, ‘globose
or compressed, 1—3-seeded. Seeds subglobose, with an aril and a
horseshoe-shaped embryo.—Rhizome tuberous or woody. Stems long,
slender, erect, leafy, branched. Leaves oblong, cuspidate, with a long
sheath and short free petiole. Flowers in lax terminal panicles, small,
fugitive, white, yellow or blue; bracts cylindrical, not usually im-
bricated.—Clinogyne, Salisb.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 651.

Species about twelve, the others in Tropical Asia.

Flowers comparatively large.

Bracts not imbricated A > ; . 1. D. cuspidata.
Bracts imbricated . S ; S ; . 2. D. ariilaia.
Flowers comparatively small.
Pairs of flowers single. : S : : . 3. D. azurea.
Pairs of flowers many to a branch.
Fruit lobed, 3-seeded . , S ; S . 4. D filipes.

Fruit globose, usually 2-seeded.
Leaves small.
Fruit glabrous . .
Fruit pubescent . e
Leaves large.
Bracts glabrous. ;
Free tip of petiole 4—4} in. long . 7. D. ugandensis.
Free tip of petiole 1 in. long. / . 8. D. leucantha.
Bracts pubescent : - 9. D. purpurea.

D. oligantha,
D. congensis.

EE

‘1. D. cuspidata, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 440. Stems
glabrous, stramineous, reaching a length of 10-12 ft. ; nodes pubescent.
Leaves oblong, conspicuously cuspidate, reaching a length of 1 ft. or
more and a breadth of 5-6 in., moderately firm, glabrous, rounded at
the base, variegated with pinnate streaks of white; lower sheaths } ft.
or more long ; free thickened apex of petiole ł-1 in. long. Inflorescence
copiously panicled ; sheaths cylindrical, glabrous, 1} in. long. Flowers
in pairs, one on a long pedicel. Ovary densely silky. Sepals oblong-
lanceolate, 4 in. long. Staminodia obovate, deep purple or yellow,
twice as long as the calyx. Fruit globose, often 3-seeded.— Maranta
cuspidata, Rosc. Scit. t. 31; Donax schweinfurthiana, Schumann in
Engl. Jahrb. xv. 437; Arundastrun schweinfurthianum, Kuntze, Revis.
Gen. 684.

Uppe . Sierra Leone: Heddle’s Farm, Scott-Elliot, 3900! Duunia,
in shady Hoat, P Scott-Elliot, 4820! Nienia, in woods. Scott-Elliot, 4902! Bagra
River, Mann, 901! Ashanti: Assin-Yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 210! 239! Gold
Coast: Basin of the River Volta; between Maikera and Dame, Krause! between

316 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [ Donax.

Agruafi and Dame, Krause! Lagos: Abeokuta, Barter, 3372! Niger Delta:
Angiama, Barter, 98! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker d Staudt, 114! bank of
Elephant Lake, Preuss, 386! thickets by the landing-place near Barombi-ba-Mbu,
Preuss, 424, 425,

Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth. Niamniam: Dyagbe River,
Schweinfurth, 3103 !

Lower Guinea. Gahoon: Corisco Bay, Mann, 1906! Mfoa, Bates, 544!
Lower Congo: Mayombe, Laurent, 64.

2. D.arillata, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb.xv.438. Stem stramineous,
flattened, 6 ft. long, glabrous, except the hairy nodes. Leaves oblong,
glabrous, moderately firm, 4—10 in. long, 3—4 in. broad, not variegated,
rounded at the base ; sheaths glabrous, 4-5 in. long ; thickened free tip
of petiole cylindrical, under 1 in. long. Inflorescence long-peduncled,
erect, scantily forked ; sheaths glabrous, cylindrical, imbricated so as
to nearly hide the axis, 14-2 in. long. Flowers in pairs, one sub-
sessile, the other pedicellate. Ovary densely silky. Sepals lanceolate,
4-4 in. long. Outer staminodia obovate, twice as long as the calyx.
Fruit pilose, globose, apparently 1-seeded.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Barombi stream, near Kake, Preuss, 379!

3. D. azurea, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 434. Stems tufted.
Lower leaves reduced to mere sheaths. Leaves oblong, glabrous on
both sides, 4-8 in. long, 2-3 in. broad ; cusp linear, very acute ; sheaths
very long, sparsely pilose inside near the apex. Bracts 2-flowered, an
inch or more long. Ovary pilose. Sepals unequal, lanceolate, 4—4 in-
long. Outer staminodia bright azure-blue, obovate-cuneate, nearly an
inch long. Fruit unknown.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam ; by the Dyagbe River, near Wando’s
village, Schweinfurth, 3216.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

4. D. filipes, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 440. . Stems slender,
glabrous, 4 ft. long; nodes also glabrous. Leaves ovate-oblong, ot:
spicuously cuspidate, 3-6 in. long, 2—3 in. broad, glabrous on both
sides, rounded at the base, variegated with pinnate white bands ;
sheaths glabrous, 2-5 in. long; thickened free apex of petiole not above
% in. long. Inflorescence sparsely or copiously panicled ; sheaths
glabrous, cylindrical, 1 in. long; flowers in pairs, one nearly sessile,
one pedicellate. Ovary dense, pubescent. Sepals lanceolate, fin. long.
Staminodia golden-yellow, twice as long as the calyx. Fruit small,
3-lobed, 3-seeded.—Phrynium filipes, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 532 ;
Horan. Prodr. 11. Clinogyne filipes, Benth. Gen. Pl. iii. 651.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: banks of the River Ogun, Millen, 141! Western
Lagos, Rowland! Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 441! Fernando Po, Vogel, 163!

5. D. oligantha, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 435. Stems
glabrous, 5-6 ft. long; nodes also glabrous. Leaves ovate-oblong,
conspicuously cuspidate, 3—4 in. long, 14~2 in. broad, unequally rounded

Donax. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEÆ (BAKER). 317

at the base, glabrous on both sides; sheaths glabrous, the lower 3-4
in. long; thickened free apex of petiole,} in. long. Inflorescence of
two branches subtended at the base by large leaves; sheaths cylindrical,
glabrous, 2 in. long; flowers in pairs, one nearly sessile, the other
pedicellate. Ovary silky. Sepals lanceolate, } in. long. Outer stami-
nodia obovate, twice as long as the calyx. Fruit globose, shining,
2-seeded, glabrous, } in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda, Sibange Farm, margin of the forest, Soyaua,
241 !

6. D. congensis, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 439. Stems
tall, suffruticose, glabrous, terete or flattened. Leaves oblique-oblong,
glabrous on both sides, 2-5 in. long, 1-2 in. broad ; cusp subulate, rather
eccentric; sheaths glabrous except the ciliate apex; thickened free
petiole pubescent on the face. Inflorescence little branched, terminal,
subtended at the base by a large leaf ; bracts above 4 in. long. Flowers
small, yellow. Ovary silky. Sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute, 4—4 in.
long. Petals oblong, acute. Outer staminode oblong, acute. Fruit
pubescent, oblique, 2-seeded.

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Msuata, Buettner, 547; forest at Zenze,
Laurent.

South Central. Lunda: Bashilange ; Mukenge, in forest, Pogge, 1451.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

7. D. ugandensis, Schumann in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C.150. Stems
moderately stout. Leaves oblong, grey-green, 4-6 in. long, 2-34 in.
broad above the base ; cusp eccentric; nodes and sheaths glabrous; the
latter 4—5 in. long; free petiole 4—4 in. long. Branches of the panicle
$ ft. long; peduncles and pedicels moderately stout; bracts cylindrical,
glabrous, 1} in. long. Flowers } in. long. Ovary silky. Fruit globose,
2-seeded.

_ Mile Land. British East Africa: Uganda; Kampala, Scott-Elliot, 7390!
Manyonyo, Stuhlmann, 1390.
Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe ; Ihangiro, Stuhlmann, 896!

8. D. leucantha, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 436. Stem 9-12
ft. long, stramineous, glabrous, except the nodes, which are finely
pubescent. Leaves oblong, moderately firm, glabrous, 4-8 in. long, 2-3
in. broad, rounded at the base, not variegated ; cusp 4-1 in. long, very
eccentric; sheaths glabrous, 2—4 in. long ; thickened free tip of petiole
under 1 in. long. Inflorescence copiously panicled, erect ; lower branches
subtended by large leaves; sheaths cylindrical, glabrous, 1-14 in. long ;
flowers in pairs, whitish, one nearly sessile, the other on a long pedicel.
Ovary densely hairy. Sepals lanceolate, } in. long. Outer staminodia
obovate, twice as long as the calyx. Fruit globose, glabrous, } in. diam.,
usually 2-seeded.

Upper Guinea, Cameroons: near Barombi, Preuss, 354! North bank of
Elephant Lake, Preuss, 495 !

318 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). [ Donax.

9. D. purpurea, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 440. Stems
slender, many from one rhizome, 2-3 ft. long. Leaves ovate or ovate-
oblong, 4—14 in. long, 6-8 in. broad, glaucous-green above, pinnately
variegated with streaks of white. Panicle erect, with slender spreading
hispid branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate, pubescent, 14-13 in. long.
Flowers small, blue-purple. Sepals lanceolate, obtuse, } in. long-
Petals lorate, obtuse, longer than the staminodia. Lip small, narrow.
Style longer than the staminodia. Fruit globose, hispid, } in. long,
shining, scarlet, usually 2-seeded.—Clinogyne purpurea, Ridley in Journ.
Bot. 1887, 132.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; common in woods by streams,
2000-2500 ft., Welwitsch, 6440!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

8. TRACHYPHRYNIUM, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f.
Gen. Pl. iii. 651.

Sepals free, lanceolate, scariose, strongly nerved. Petals united in
a tube in the lower half; blade oblong, spreading. Staminodia united
in a tube at the base; outer lobes obovate; lip broad, obliquely crested
on the face; staminiferous lobe narrowed, with the 1-celled anther
adnate to one side. Ovary globose, papillose, 3-celled; cells 1-ovuled ;
style adnate at the base to the staminal tube, involute, appendiculate
on the back below the inflexed 2-lobed stigma. Capsule 3-celled or by
abortion 2-celled, 2-3-valved, strongly muricated. Seed solitary,
globose or oblong, with a basal aril and horseshoe-shaped embryo.—Tall
sarmentose branching shrubs, with leafy stems. Inflorescence terminal,
simple or branched ; rhachis jointed; internodes short; bracts usually
deciduous. Flowers small, inconspicuous.

Endemic.
Valves of fruit acutely angled on the back . ` . 1. T. preussianum.
Valves of fruit rounded on the back.
Branches spinous . e > : ` : , 2. T. danckel-
mannianum.
Branches unarmed.
Capsule 4 in. diam S e e ` . . 3. T. braunianum.
Capsule 134-2 in. diam.
Bracts 1 in. long . ‘ é x S . 4. T. violaceum.
Bracts 1} in. long. . e 5. T, poggeanum.

1. T. preussianum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 429, fig. N,
430. Stem tall, woody, shining, stramineous, unarmed; branchlets
often abruptly deflexed. Leaves oblong, cuspidate, moderately firm,
glabrous, rounded at the base, 5-6 in. long, 2-24 in. broad; sheaths
glabrous, 3-4 in. long; thickened free apex of petiole }—} in. long.
Inflorescence compound ; rhachis glabrous, slightly flexuose ; internodes
ł in. long; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 1-1} in. long. Flowers white or
reddish, an inch long. Sepals ovate, acuminate, } in. long. Petals ovate,

Trachyphrynium.] CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 319

acuminate, pilose, connate in the lower half. Outer staminodia obovate,
obtuse. Capsule trigonous, densely echinate, 2 in. diam.; valves
acutely keeled. Seeds globose.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: near Barombi, Preuss, 32, 321! 340; low forest
between Barombi and Kumba, Preuss, 60; forest north-west of M akonje, Preuss, 78 ;
between Kumba-Nenga and Mambanga, Preuss, 144!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Forest, Buettner, 541, 544,

2. T. danckelmannianum, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth.
Deutsch. Schultzgeb. ii. (1889) 153. Branchlets woody, terete,stramineous,
armed with small hooked spines. Leaves oblong, acute, firm, glabrous,
3-5 in. long, 14—2 in. broad, rounded at the base; sheaths glabrous,
2-3 in. long; thickened free apex of the petiole 4 in. long. Inflor-
escence simple, with a very flexuose rhachis and very short internodes ;
bracts orbicular, erecto-patent, glabrous, 2 in. long and broad. Ovary
densely hairy. Flower 4 in. long. Sepals small, lanceolate. Corolla-
tube longer than the sepals. Fruit densely echtnate, "2 in. diam. ;
valves rounded on the back.—Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 429, figs.
i, M 432.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: common in woods, Braun! near Bipinde in

forest, Zenker, 929! near Barombi, Preuss, 255! 407! Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt,
610!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyauz, 85!

3. T. braunianum, Baker. A tall shrub, with terete, woody,
stramineous, unarmed, sarmentose branchlets. Leaves firm, glabrous,
oblong, cuspidate, 3-6 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, rounded at the base ;
sheaths glabrous, 2—4 in. long ; free thickened apex of the petiole } in.
long. Inflorescence simple, spreading from the tip of the stem ; rhachis
pubescent, flexuose ; internodes about 4 in. long ; bracts oblong-lanceolate,
#-1 in. long. Flowers in pairs, whitish, 1 in. long. ` Sepals lanceolate,
pubescent, 4 in. long. Outer staminodia obovate, twice as long as the
sepals. Capsule subglobose, densely muricate, $ in. diam. Seed
subglobose, brown, 4 in. diam., with a large basal aril.— Hybophry-
nium braunianum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 428, 429, figs. A,
F, H, K.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: in a ravine near Mount Leicester, Barter !
near Wilberforce, Johnston ! woods near Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4508! near Kafogo,
Scott-Elliot, 4464! Duunia, Scott-Elliot, 4884! and without precise locality,
Afzelius! Don! Gold Coast, Burton d Cameron! Lagos, Moloney! Yoruba,
Moloney ! Western Lagos, Rowland! Niger Delta: Abo (Ibu), Vogel, 13! Lower
Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1784! Old Calabar, Thomson, 108! Cameroons: Cameroon
River, Mann, 2146! Batanga; near Lobe River, Bates, 201! on the Tobacco Farm
of Kriby, in low forest, Preuss, 256.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; Atasilli Brook, Schweinfurth,
3061! Mbrwole River, Schweinfurth, 3085! Nabambisso River, Schweinfurth, 2934,
3044, 3713.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1909! Lower Congo: Stanley pool,
Callewaert ! left bank of the Congo below Kobaka, Buettner, 546!

320 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEH (BAKER). |Zrachyphrynium.

4. T. violaceum, Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 133. Stem tall,
woody, sarmentose ` branches unarmed. Leaves papyraceous, ovate-
oblong, cuspidate, glaucous-green, reaching 8 in. long, 3 in. broad,
rounded or subcordate at the base; sheath 4 in. long; free thickened
apex of petiole 1 in. long. Inflorescence branched ; branches abruptly
flexuose, 5-6 in. long; bracts oblong, 1 in.long. Flowers violet-purple.
Sepals lanceolate, 4 in. long. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, connate in
the lower half, longer than the staminodia. Capsule densely muricate,
l4 in. diam. Seeds subglobose.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo; Mutollo, in woods, and within the
fortifications in Barrancos de Catete, Welwitsch, 6441! Golungo Alto: woods of
Sobati Galanga, Welwitsch, 64418 !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

5. T. poggeanum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 429, figs. B-E,
431. A shrub 10-15 ft. high, with unarmed sarmentose branches
and often geniculate branchlets. Leaves oblong, cuspidate, moderately
firm, glabrotis, 6-8 in. long, about 3 in. broad, rounded at the base;
sheaths 5-6 in. long ; thickened apex of the petiole very short. Inflor-
escence branched ; rhachis flexuose ; internodes about } in. long ; bracts
oblong-lanceolate, 14 in. long. Flowers purple. Sepals acuminate,
glabrous, 4 in. long. Staminodia twice as long as the calyx. Capsule
2-3-lobed, densely echinate, 14-2 in. diam. ; valves rounded on the back.
oe aaa Guinea. Cameroons: Buea, Preuss, 873, 8738. Fernando Po, Mann,

Lower Guinea. Angola, Pogge, 1445, 1458.

Iinperfectly known Species.

5 T. spinulosum, Pierre in Bull. Soc. Linn. Par. ii. 1233 (name
only).

Lower Guinea. Gaboon River, near Libreville, Klaine, 70.

W T. muricatum, Pierre in Bull. Soc. Linn. Par. ii. 1233 (name
only).

Lower Guinea, Gaboon River, near Libreville, Klaine, 159.

9. THAUMATOCOCCUS, Benth. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii.
652.
Sepals 3, free, lanceolate. Corolla-tube as long as the calyx ; lobes
3, oblong, subequal. Staminodia united in a tube at the base; lip
broad, undulate ; staminiferous lobe narrow, with the 1-celled anther
adnate to one side. Ovary 3-celled; cells 1-ovuled ; style stout, adnate
to the staminal tube at the base, hooked at the apex ` stigma obliquely
thickened and appendiculate at the back. Fruit trigonous, winged at
the angles, thick, fleshy, indehiscent. Seeds solitary, erect, oblong, with
a large aril; embryo horseshoe-shaped.—Rootstock wide-creeping-
Leaves long-petioled. Spikes springing from the rhizome close to the
leafy stems; flowers small, inconspicuous, two to each bract.
An endemic genus of one species.

Thaumatococcus.| ` CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 321

1. T. Danielli, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 652. Whole plant 5-10 ft.
high. Rhizome wide-creeping. Leaves 2-3 to a tuft; petiole very
long, stiffly erect, grooved down the face; blade broadly oblong, mode-
rately firm, glabrous, 1-1} ft. long, rounded at the base. Spike nearly
sessile, simple or forked, 3—4 in. long; bracts oblong-navicular, deci-
duous, about 1 in. long; internodes very short. Flowers pale purple,
as long as the bract; sepals } in. long. Fruit acutely trigonous,
bright crimson, above 1 in. diam.—Phryniwm Daniellii, Bennett in
Pharm. Journ. xiv. 161, with figure. Monostiche Danielli, Horan.
Prodr, Scit. 18, t. 3.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Johnston! Ashanti: Assin-Yan-Coomassie,
Cummins, 185! Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1546! Cameroons: Ambas Bay,
Mann, 2145! Efulen, Bates, 396!

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 1990! Mann, 1153! Island of St.
Thomas: near Trindade, Moller! Quintas !

10. PHRYNIUM, Willd.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 652.

Sepals 3, oblong or lanceolate, free or adnate at the base to the
corolla-tube. Corolla-tube cylindrical, longer or shorter than the calyx;
lobes oblong. Staminodia united in a tube at the base; lip broad,
transversely crested inside; staminiferous lobe linear, with the 1-celled
anther adnate to one side. Ovary 3-celled ; cells 1-ovuled ` style adnate
at the base to the staminal tube, hooked at the apex; stigma thickened,
2-valved. Fruit globose; pericarp usually thick and indehiscent.
Seeds 1-3, ovoid or oblong, with a short reflexed aril and horseshoe-
shaped embryo.—Petiole long, subradical ; blade usually oblong. Inflo-
rescence produced from the side of the petiole, capitate, spicate or
panicled; bracts usually enclosing a pair of small inconspicuous
flowers.— Phyllodes, Lour.; Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 440.

Species 30, the others Tropical Asiatic.

Acanlescent. Leaf long-petioled.
Spike simple.

Sepals 2 in. long . 1. P. holostachyum.
Sepals 4 in. long . 2. P. coriscense.
Spikes 1-3 3. P. brachystachyum.
Spikes panicled.
Flowers comparatively large. Si
Apical callus of petiole 1-1} in. long . - . A P. Hensii.
Apical callus of petiole 2-3 in. long.
Capsule ZZ in. diam.
Branches of panicle velvety. s . 5. P. velutinum.
Branches of panicle glabrous.
Bracts ovate ‘ 6. P. macrophyllum.
Bracts oblong. ;
Bracts 4 in. long 7. P. Benthami.
Bracts # in. long 8. P. adenocarpum.
Capsule 1 in. diam. 9. P. oxycarpum.
x

VOL. VII.

322 CXXXIV, SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [| Phrynium.

Flowers small.
Blade of leaf 5-6 in. long.

Bracts 3-2 in. long . : : : . 10. P. monophyllum.
Bracts 1-14 in. long . : . . . 11. P. leiogonium.
Blade of leaf 6-12 in. long : : ` . 12. P. villosum.
Blade of leaf 12—18 in. long i : é . 13. P. prionogonium.
Blade of leaf 16-20 in. long : : . 14. P. bisubulatum.
Caulescent.
Spike simple . . : S ; : : . 15. P. inequilaterum.
Spikes 1-3 . S : : : ; i . 16. P. ramosissimum.
Spikes panicled : : ; : ; : . 17. P. sulphureum.

1. P. holostachyum, Baker. Petiole long, stiffly erect, sub-
radical; blade oblong-lanceolate, firm, glabrous, acute, 9-10 in. long,
24-3 in. broad, rounded at the base; cylindrical apical callus of the
petiole 1 in. long. Spike simple, erect, produced from the petiole on a
short peduncle a little below the blade, 14 in. long; bracts oblong-
navicular, glabrous, slightly imbricate, 4 in. long; peduncle 2-flowered,
as long as the bract. Flower light yellow. Ovary globose, glabrous.
Sepals ovate, Ä in. long. Fruit depresso-globose, + in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1645!

2. P. coriscense, Baker. Whole plant 2-3 ft. long. Petiole
long, subradical; cylindrical apical callus 1 in. long; blade oblong,
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 6-10 in. long, 24—34 in. broad,
rounded at the base. Inflorescence a simple few-flowered erect spike
springing from the sheathing petiole not far from its base; bract
oblong-lanceolate-navicular, glabrous, 14 in. long. Peduncle nearly as
long as the bract. Sepals lanceolate, } in. long. Corolla twice as long
as the calyx; lobes oblong. Staminiferous lobe of the andrecium }-
obovate. Fruit not seen.

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1907!

3. P. brachystachyum, Koernicke in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. XXXV.
108. Whole plant 6—8 ft. high. Petiole long, subradical ; cylindrical
apical callus 1 in. long ; leaf oblong, moderately firm, glabrous, 8-15 in.
long, 4-8 in. broad, rounded at the base. Spikes 1-3, distichous,
sessile or shortly peduncled, 1-2 in. long, springing from the petiole a
short or long distance from the leaf; bracts oblong-navicular, glabrous
or pubescent, much imbricate, 4—4 in. long; peduncle as long as the
bract, bearing several flowers, some rudimentary. Flowers small.
Fruit globose, bright red, 2—3-seeded, } in. diam. Seeds with many
vertical grooves.—Horan. Prodr. 11; Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 653.
Maranta (?) brachystachya, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 531.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Mahnoo, Mrs. Mair! near Tawia, River
Scarcies, Scott-Elliot, 44734! and without precise locality, Scott-Elliot, 4943! Liberia:
Cape Palmas, Vogel, 29! Gold Coast, Burton § Cameron! Ashanti: Assin-Yan-
Coomassie, 187! Lagos, Barter, 20168! Lower Niger: Onitsa, Barter, 1545!
Niger Delta: Grand Bassa, Vogel, 77 ! River Nun, Barter, 20112! Mana, 517!

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay, Mann, 1908!

Phrynium.| CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 323

4. P. Hensii, Baker. Whole plant 5-6 ft. long. Petiole long,
subradical ; cylindrical apical callus above 1 in. long; blade oblong,
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, rounded at the base, 9-10 in.
long, 4-5 in. broad. Panicle small, shortly pedunculate, produced from
the petiole some distance from the blade ; bracts linear-oblong, glabrous,
1-1} in. long; peduncle shorter than the bract. Sepals lanceolate,
fin. long. Corolla more than twice as long as the calyx. Fruit not
seen.

South Central. Congo Free State: woods at Bangala, 1000 ft., Hens, 140!

5. P. velutinum, Baker. Whole plant 6 ft. high. Petiole long,
radical, with an apical callus 2-3 in. long; leaf oblong, firm, glabrous,
acute, 13-2 ft. long, 1 ft. broad low down. Inflorescence panicled,
arising from the petiole some distance below the blade; branches
densely clothed with dark brown velvety pubescence ; bracts oblong-
spathulate, 2 1 in. long, pubescent on the back and ciliated. Flowers
white, in sessile pairs on short velvety peduncles. Calyx } in. long;
sepals lanceolate, membranous. Corolla less than twice the length of
the calyx; petals oblong, pubescent outside. Ovary globose. Fruit
unknown.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Efulen, at Forest Hill, Bates, 276!

6. P. macrophyllum, Baker. Whole plant 6-7 ft. high. Petiole
long, radical, with a very large apical callus; leaf broadly oblong, firm,
glabrous, unequal-sided, 15-2) in. long, 7-10 in. broad, rounded
unequally at the base. Inflorescence panicled, arising from the petiole
some distance below the blade; bracts ovate, subacute, glabrous ;
flowers in pairs on a peduncle $-} in. long. Calyx fin. long. Corolla
twice as long as the calyx. Outer staminodia subulate. Fruit bright
red, globose, 3-seeded, 4-3 in. diam. Seeds irregularly rugose and
foveolate, 4 in. diam.—Phyllodes macrophyllum, Schumann in Engl.
Jahrb. xv. 444.

Upper Guinea. Togo, Baumann, 174! Cameroons: between Ninga village
and Kake, near Barombi, Preuss, 382 !

7. P. Benthami, Baker. Whole plant 15 ft. high. Petiole very
long, subradical; cylindrical apical callus 3 in. long; leaf broadly
oblong, firm, glabrous, 15-18 in. long, 9-10 in. broad, much rounded
at the base. Panicle of two branches with peduncles 3-6 in. long
springing from the petiole a short distance below the blade ; internodes
of rhachis 4} in. long; bracts oblong-navicular, ł-1 in, long; peduncle
2-flowered, ł in. long. Fruit globose, 3-seeded, km. diam. Seed } in.
long, with a smooth dorsal rib and cupular aril.—P. macrostachyum,
Benth. Gen. Pl. iii. 653 (not of Wallich). Phyllodes macrostachyum,
K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 445.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti: Assin-Yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 206! Lagos, Millen,
19 of 1896 collection! Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Mann, 1335!

324 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [ Phrynium,

8. P. adenocarpum, Baker. Whole plant 9-12 ft. high. Petiole
long, subradical; cylindrical apical callus 2—3 in. long; leaf oblong,
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 12-16 in. long, 6-10 in. broad,
unequaily rounded at the base. Inflorescence panicled, arising from
the petiole some distance from the blade ; bracts oblong-navicular,
2 in. long, peduncle and pedicels short. Sepals oblong, acute, $ in.
long, adnate for nearly their whole length to the corolla-tube. Corolla
twice as long as the calyx. Outer staminode bidentate. Fruit globose,
trisuleate, 4 in. diam. Seed 4 in. long, irregularly foveolate and
oe adenocarpum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: between Barombi and Ninga village, Preuss, 343!

9. P. oxycarpum, Baker. Whole plant 12 ft. high. Petiole
long, subradical; cylindrical apical callus 2 in. long; leaf oblong,
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 10-16 in. long, 6-10 in. broad,
rounded at the base. Inflorescence panicled, arising from the petiole
some distance below the blade; bracts oblong-navicular, nearly 1 in.
long; flowers 2 to each bract. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, } in. long.
Petals twice as long as the calyx. Outer staminode bidentate at the
apex; central cusp long. Fruit globose, subtrigonous, 1 in. diam.
Seeds tubercled, 4 in. long.—Phyllodes oxycarpum, Schumann in Engl.
Jahrb. xv. 443.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: between Ninga village and Barombi, in low
forest, Preuss, 381! 513.

10. P. monophyllum, Baker. Whole plant 14 ft. long. Petiole
slender, radical, 1 ft. long; cylindrical apical callus 4 in. long; leaf
oblong, subacute, glabrous, 5-6 in. long, 3-4 in. broad, pinnately varie-
gated with white streaks, deltoid at the base. Inflorescence panicled,
arising from the sheaths that invest the lower part of the petiole ;
bracts linear-oblong, glabrous, above 4 in. long; peduncle longer than
the bract, bearing 2 flowers, one on a short, the other on a longer
pedicel. Ovary villous. Sepals lanceolate, 4 in. long. Petals under
4 in. long. Fruit globose, 2-seeded, }-} in. diam.; pericarp thin.
Seed globose, } in. diam.—Phyllodes monophyllum, Schumann in Engl.
Jahrb, xv. 440,

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda, Sibange Farm, Soyaur, 176!

11. P. leiogonium, Baker. Petiole very long; cylindrical apical
callus nearly 3 in. long; leaf oblong, acute, moderately firm, glabrous,
12-16 in. long, 5—6 in. broad, rounded at the base. Panicle large, lax,
pedunculate, springing from the side of the petiole a long distance below
the blade; bracts oblong-navicular, 1-1} in. long; peduncle as long as
the bract, having 2 perfect and some abortive flowers ; pedicels very
short. Flowers under 4 in. long. Fruit globose, 4 in. diam., 6-angled,
3-seeded. Seed 4 in. ong, quadrangular, with smooth ribs and the
intermediate faces also smooth.—Phyllodes leiogonium, Schumann in
Engl. Jahrb. xv. 442.

Phrynium.] CXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER), 325

South Central. Lunda: Bashilange; in a swamp by the River Luachim,
Pogge, 696 !

Lower Guinea, Cameroons: Efulen, Bates, 375!

Phyllodes baccatum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 442, gathered in Lunda,
Bashilange country, at Mukenge, by Pogge, 1439, and the Lake region by Stuhlmann,
1200, is said to differ from P. leiogonium by its 6-angled seeds, honeycombed between
the entire ribs.

12. P. villosum, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 653. Petiole long, sub-
radical, densely villous; cylindrical apical callus 14—2 in. long; leaf
oblong-lanceolate, cuspidate, 6-12 in, long, 2—24 in. broad, moderately
firm, glabrous, rounded at the base. Inflorescence panicled, springing
from the petiole some distance below the leaf; branches and erecto-
patent bracts very hairy, the latter oblong-navicular, ł—1 in. long;
peduncle longer than the bract, bearing 2 perfect and several rudimen-
tary flowers. Ovary glabrous. Sepals oblong, } in. long. Corolla 4 in.
long. Staminodia not longer than the petals. Mature capsule
unknown.—Phyllodes villosum, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 445.

Lower Guinea. Banks of the Gaboon River, Mann, 1032!

13. P. prionogonium, Baker. Whole plant 6 ft. high. Petiole
long, subradical; cylindrical apical callus 2-3 in. long; leaf oblong-
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 12-18 in. long, 5-7 in. broad,
rounded at the base. Panicle ample, lax, sometimes a foot broad,
Springing from the petiole some distance below the blade; bracts
oblong-navicular, 14-1} in. long; peduncle as long as the bract or
exserted, bearing 2 perfect and some rudimentary flowers. Sepals
oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, } in. long. Petals scarcely longer than the
calyx. Outer staminodia orbicular, unguiculate. Fruit globose, red,
ł in. diam. Seeds 4-angled; ribs serrated; faces foveolate.—Phyllodes
prionogonium, Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 441.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: in the forest of Barombi-ba-Mbu, Preuss, 458!

14. P. bisubulatum, Baker. Petiole long; blade oblong, shortly
cuspidate, 16-20 in. long, 12-14 in. broad, rounded at the base. In-
florescence panicled ; ultimate branchlets 1} in. long, much thickened
at the nodes ; bracts ovate, acute, above 4 in. long and broad; flowers
2 to a bract ; peduncle very short. Sepals oblong, obtuse, {— in. long.
Petals oblong, 2—3 times the length of the calyx. Outer staminodia
subulate, not protruding beyond the petals. Fruit unknown.—
Phyllodes bisubulatum, Schumann in Bolet. Soc. Brot. xi. 83.

South Central. Lunda: between the River Luachim and Quihunbo, 2600 ft.,
Marques.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

15. P. inzequilaterum, Baker. Stems 2 ft. long, bearing two
Short horizontal branches. Leaf oblong, firm, glabrous, very unequal-
sided, 3-6 in. long, 14-24 in. broad, obtuse, unequally rounded at the
base ; petiole entirely sheathing, 2-3 in. long; apical callus very small.

326 OXXXIV. SCITAMINEH (BAKER). [Phrynium.

Inflorescence a simple spike produced 1-2 from each branch a short
distance below the leaf-blade; bract cylindrical, glabrous, 4 in. long;
peduncle 2-flowered, protruding beyond the tip of the bract, one flower
sessile, the other pedicellate. Flower and fruit unknown.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: River Cameroon, Mann, 2142!

16. P. ramosissimum, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 532. Stems
branched, 6—12 ft. long. Leaf oblong-cuspidate, moderately firm,
glabrous, 6-10 in. long, 3-4 in. broad, rounded at the base; petiole
sheathing the branch nearly to the top; cylindrical apical callus under
$ in. long. Spikes 1-3, shortly pedunculate, 4—6 in. long, ascending or
recurved ; bracts oblong-navicular, 1-14 in. long; peduncles 2-flowered,
as long as the bract. Ovary densely villous. Sepals lanceolate, 4 in.
long. Petals twice as long as the calyx. Staminodia not longer than
the petals. Fruit globose, 3-seeded, 4 in. diam.—Horan. Prodr. 11.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 729! Sierra Leone: Scarcies River ;
near Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4196! and near Tawia, Scott-Elliot, 4473B! on the way
to Port Lokko, Scott-Elliot, 5877! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1542 ‘Fernando
Po, Mann, 100! 1174! Barter, 1544! Vogel, 165! 178! Cameroons: River
Cameroon, Mann, 2141!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Bembe, and common in all the interior, Monteiro !

17. P. sulphureum, Baker. Stem erect, simple, bearing in its
upper part three leaves with long sheathing petioles (lowest 6 in. long)
and a cylindrical apical callus } in. long; blade oblong, unequal-sided,
cuspidate, 5-6 in. long, 2-23 in. broad, moderately firm, glabrous,
unequally rounded at the base. Inflorescence a small crowded erect
panicle springing from the hairy sheath of the topmost leaf a short
distance below the blade; bracts cylindrical, pubescent, 4 in. long.
Peduncle 2-flowered, protruded from the tip of the bract; one flower
sessile, the other pedicellate. Flowers light yellow. Fruit unknown.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1643 !

11, CALATHEA, G. F. Meyer; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 653.

Sepals 3, free, equal, imbricate. Corolla-tube shorter or longer
than the calyx ; lobes 3, spreading, oblong. Staminodia united in a
tube at the base; lip broad, not crested inside; staminiferous lobe
narrow or broad, with the 1-celled anther adnate to one side. Ovary
3-celled ; cells 1-ovuled ; style adnate at the base to the staminal tube,
hooked at the lip; stigma 2-valved. Fruit ovoid or 3-lobed; pericarp
usually thin. Seeds usually 3, erect, ovoid, with a reflexed aril and
horseshoe-shaped embryo.—Spikes terminal on a long stem in the
centre of a rosette of leaves, or on a short leafless stem arising from the
rhizome. Leaves often variegated. Flowers usually several to each
primary bract.

Species 50 or more, all the others Tropical American.

Calathea. | CXXXIV, SCITAMINEE (BAKER). 327

Inflorescence on a leaf-bearing stem.

Spikes single, erect . e S 5 S 5 , 1. C. Manni.
Spikes two, deflexed S S i i , 2. C. conferta,
Inflorescence arising from the rhizome, leafless ` . 3. C. rhizantha.

1. C. Mannii, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 653. Whole plant 6-8 ft.
high. Leaves 4 in a tuft at the top of a long stem; petiole broad,
deeply channelled, 6-8 in. long, with a large cylindrical callus at the
apex ; blade oblong-cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 6-10 in. long,
4-5 in. broad, rounded at the erect apex. Spike single, oblong, erect,
sessile in the centre of the rosette of leaves, 2 in. long; bracts oblong-
navicular, distichous, about 4 on each side of the spike, much imbricate,
the lower 14 in. long. Flowers many to a bract, reaching to its Up:
bracteoles lanceolate. Fruit not seen.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 1173 !

2. C. conferta, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 653. Stem stiffly erect,
above a foot long, bearing leaves at its apex ; petioles deeply channelled,
6-9 in. long, with a cylindrical callus at the apex; blade oblong-
cuspidate, moderately firm, glabrous, 6—12 in. long, 24-4} in. broad,
rounded at the base. Spikes 2, crowded, sessile or shortly peduncled in
the centre of the tuft of leaves, deflexed, oblong, 14 in. long ; bracts
oblong-navicular, much imbricate, the lowest 1 in. long. Flowers
several to each bract ; bracteoles lanceolate. Sepals lanceolate. Corolla-
tube cylindrical, as long as the calyx; lobes oblong, shorter than the
tube. Staminodia rather shorter than the corolla-lobes. Capsule thin,
containing 1 oblong black seed.—Phrynium textile, Ridley in Journ.
Bot. 1887, 133.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountain, 3000 ft., Mann, 2444! Ashanti: Assin-
Yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 64!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto ; by streams in the woods of Quisuculo,
Welwitsch, 6439 !

3. C. rhizantha, K. Schumann in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 433. Rhizome
wide-creeping. Leaves in pairs from the rhizome; petiole 2 ft. long ;
blade oblong-lanceolate, moderately firm, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 3-4 in.
broad, deltoid at the base. Spike direct from the rhizome, shortly
peduncled, 3-4 in. long; rhachis slightly flexuose; internodes } in.
long ; bracts oblong, navicular, imbricate, 1 in. long. Flowers in pairs,
shortly pedicellate, whitish, reaching to the tip of the bract; sepals
lanceolate, } in. long. Fruit unknown.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons : Bipinde, in forest, Zenker ,1128!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda, Sibange Farm, Soyausx, 34!

12. CANNA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 654.

Sepals 3, equal, free, lanceolate, persistent. Petals 3, equal, lanceo-
late, united in a tube at the base. Staminodia united in a tube at the
base, which is adnate to the staminal tube; lobes petaloid; anther

328 . OXXXIV. SCITAMINEE (BAKER). [Canna.

1-celled, adnate to one side of a petaloid lobe. Ovary 3-celled; ovules
many in a cell; style adnate at the base to the staminal tube, linear,
flattened ; stigmatose at the apex ; stylodia often also present. Capsule
globose, densely echinate, indehiscent. Seeds subglobose; testa finally
crustaceous ; embryo straight, in the centre of the hard albumen.—Tall
herbs, with leafy stems. Leaves broad, oblong. Flowers in terminal
racemes; bracts membranous. Outer staminodia 2-3, oblong-spathu-
late, petaloid, usually bright red or yellow, often spotted.

Species 20-30, all but two natives of Tropical and Subtemperate America.

1. C. indica, Linn. subsp. C. orientalis, Rosc. Scit. t. 12. Stem
glabrous, 4-6 ft. long. Leaves oblong, acute, green or tinged with
brown, the lower 1 ft. long, 4-5 in. broad. Racemes lax, terminal on
the leafy stem, simple or forked ; pedicels short; bracts small, ovate.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, green, }—4 in. long. Petals lanceolate, 1} in.
long. Upper staminodia 3, oblanceolate, 2 in. long, bright red, dis-
tinctly emarginate ; lip red-yellow, linear, distinctly emarginate. Fruit
globose, 1 in. long. Seeds globose, black, smooth, 4 in. diam.—C.
indica, Roxb. EL Ind. i. 1; Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 134. C.
Ehrenbergii, Bouché in Linnea, viii. 150 ; Horan. Prodr. 16. C. biden-
tata, A. Bertol. Misc. xx. 9, t. 1.

Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger! Sierra Leone, Morson! Vogel! Ashanti,
Cummins! Lower Niger: Abo, Barter, 198!

Wile Land. British East Africa: Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield!

Lower Guinea. Annabon Island, Burton! Island of St. Thomas, Moller, 101!
Lower Congo, Burton! Angola: Bembe, Monteiro! Golungo Alto; in reed-beds by
the streams, and in damp woods, Welwitsch, 6448! Pungo Andongo; by streams
within the fortifications, Welwitsch, 6448B8.

South Central. Monbuttu: Munza, Schweinfurth, ser. iii. 203!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Valley of the Shire River,
Meller ! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte!

Also Natal and Tropical Asia, The typical C. indica, Linn., Rose. Scit. i. 1, is a
native of Tropical America. A plant sent from Angola by Mr. Monteiro, which
flowered at Kew in 1896, was referred by Mr. N. E. Brown to C. speciosa, Rosc. Scit.
t. 17, which is stated to have been introduced from Africa in 1819, and afterwards
from Calcutta by Dr. Wallich, who found it growing wild in Nepal,

13. MUSA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 655.

Calyx tubular, 3-5-lobed, slit down one side. Petal one, entire or
3-lobed, placed opposite the slit side of the calyx. Perfect stamens 5;
sixth rudimentary ; filaments filiform ; anthers linear, 2-celled. Ovary
3-celled; ovules many in a cell; style filiform; stigma terminal,
6-toothed. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent. Seeds globose or angled by
pressure, often excavated at the hilum; albumen farinaceous ; testa
intruded into the albumen at the apex and base; embryo straight.—
Stems cylindrical or bottle-shaped, woody, formed by the union of the
leaf-stalks. Bracts large and spathaceous. Flowers in terminal spicate
panicles, unisexual, few or many to a bract, those of the lower bracts
fertile, those of the upper bracts staminate.

Musa. | CXXXIV. SCITAMINEZ (BAKER).’ 329

` Species about 20, confined to tropical regions of the Old World, in America
cultivated only.

For a detailed account of the genus and its uses, see Kew Bulletin, 1894, 229.

*Pyysocauuis. Trunk ventricose. Fruit not edible.
Seeds large. g
Seeds about 1 in. diam.
Petal cuspidate.

Flowers about 20 in a row . S S i « 1. M. Ensete.
Flowers about 10 in a row . S ` S , 2 M. Buchanani.
Petal not cuspidate . : < e S e , 3. M. ventricosa.

Seeds 4—4} in. diam.
Seed with a large hollow at the hilum EE , 4, M. livingstoniana,
Seed with a small hollow at the hilum P e , 5. M. proboscidea.

** Eumusa. Trunk cylindrical. Fruit edible. Seeds
small or absent.
The only species . > : . e . e , 6. M. sapientum,

1. M. Ensete, Gmel. Syst. Nat. ii. 567. Whole plant reaching a
height of 30-40 ft. Stem ventricose at the base, 8 ft. in circumference,
not stoloniferous. Leaves oblong, bright green, reaching a length of
20 ft. and a breadth of 3 ft.; midrib brown; petiole short, broad,
deeply channelled. Peduncle short; flowering panicle short; bracts
densely imbricate, dark, claret-brown, the lower a foot long, 4-5 in,
broad. Flowers whitish, 14-2 in. long, in two dense rows, up to 20 in
arow. Ovary cylindrical, above 1 in. long. Calyx lingulate, 3-lobed.
Petal small, orbicular, with a subulate cusp. Fertile stamens as long
as the calyx; sixth rudimentary, subulate. Fruit coriaceous, dry, 2-3
in. long. Seeds 1-4, black, glossy, transversely oblong, nearly 1 in.
diam., with a prominent raised border round the hilum.—Hook. in
Bot. Mag. t. 5223-4; Rev. Hort. 1881, 144; Flore des Serres, t. 1418;
Gard. Chron. 1881, xv. 434, fig. 84; Baker in Annals Bot. vii. 205 ;
Kew Bulletin, 1894, 240 and 237 with fig. Ensete edule, Horan.
Prodr. 40. Ensete, Bruce, Trav. ed. 1, v. Append. 36, with plates.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, Plowden! British East Africa: Niamniam ; Baginse
Mountain, Schweinfurth, ser. ii, 130! Madi, Speke & Grant, 630! Uganda; Kampala,
Scott-Elliot, 7165!

It is also reported to have been seen by travellers at Goudokoro, in Bari, in
Monbuttu, and in German East Africa, in the Karagwe, Mpororo, and Kilimanjaro
districts,

For information as to its uses, see Bruce’s “ Travels to discover the Source of the
Nile,” Append. 36; Grant in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 153; Duchartre in Journ. Soc,
Nat. Hort. France, 1887, 242 ; and Warburg in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. B. 99. A plant
With stolons seen by Heuglin in Semen, and another seen by Grant in Uganda with a
stem like two great drums placed one upon another, require further investigation,

2. M. Buchanani, Baker in Annals Bot. vii.207. Nearly allied to
M. Ensete, but the lower bracts linear-oblong, 1} ft. long, 4 in. broad,
Flowers 10 in a row. Ovary cylindrical, above an inch long. Calyx as
long as the ovary. Seeds as large as those of M. Ensete, glossy, black,
not tubercled.—Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 241.

330 CXXXIV. SCITAMINEH (BAKER). [ Musa.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, 2000 ft.,
Buchanan, 470!

3. M. ventricosa, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 545, 578. Whole
plant 8-10 ft. high. Stem much swollen, 4 ft. diam. at the base.
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, bright green, 4-5 ft. long; midrib pale
red; petiole very short and stout. Panicle drooping, nearly as long as
the leaves; petiole very short and stout; sterile bracts lanceolate,
1-1} ft. long; flower bracts oblong, 8-12 in. long; 3-44 in. broad.
Flowers densely clustered, 2 in. long. Calyx 3-lobed, longer than the
ovary. Petal ovate, entire, } in. long. Fruit like that of M. Ensete.
Seeds as large as those of M. Ensete, dull black, with a broad hollow at
the hilum.—Ridley in: Journ. Bot. 1887, 134; Baker in Annals Bot.
vii. 206; Kew Bulletin, 1894,.241.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in rocky places near rivulets,
Welwitsch, 6447 ! . ; . ; :

M. africana, Bull Cat. 1871, 6, is probably this species in a young state.

4. M. livingstoniana, Kirk in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 128. Stem
conical, twice the height of a man, 2-3 ft. diam. Leaves narrowly
oblong, crowded, as long as the trunk, with a short broad-clasping
deeply channelled petiole. Fruit many-seeded, 4 in. long. Seeds
globose, angled by pressure in the lower half, } in. diam., dull brown,
tubercled, with a depressed hilum surrounded by prominent edges.—
Baker in Annals Bot. vii. 207 ; Kew Bulletin, 1894, 241.

Mozamb, Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Gorongozo, Kirk! British Central
Africa: Nyasaland; Maravi country, and near Lake Shirwa, Kirk !

Is in cultivation at Kew from seeds sent by Buchanan and Mahon. The sap of
the leaves is bright red.

There is in the Kew Museum a necklace of similar seeds, brought by Barter from
Sierra Leone,

5. M. proboscidea, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. t. 1777. Trunk swollen at
the base, reaching 4-5 times the height of a man. Leaves narrowly
oblong, very large, 4-5 times as long as broad, narrowed from the
middle to the base; petiole short, deeply channelled. Panicle drooping,
very long; bracts broadly ovate, obtuse, about four times the length o
the flowers ; flowers in close rows of about a dozen. Calyx as long as
the cylindrical ovary. Petal orbicular, small, with a linear centr
cusp. Seeds turbinate, black, glossy, 4 in. long and broad, with only a
small hollow at the bottom.—Baker in Annals Bot. vii. 207; Kew
Bulletin, 1894, 241.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Hills of Ukami, Kirk !

6. M. sapientum, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 2,1477. Stem cylindrical,
reaching a length of 20-25 ft., 4-6 in. diam., stoloniferous at the
base. Leaves oblong, bright green, 5-8 ft. long; petiole 1-1} ft. long.
Panicle drooping, often 4—5 ft. long; male flowers deciduous ; bracts
oblong-lanceolate, dull violet, more or less glaucous outside ; flowers

Musa. | CXXXIV, SCITAMINEZ (BAKER). 331

about 12 in a cluster, yellowish-white, 14 in. long. Calyx 5-toothed at
the apex. Petal ovate, half as long as the calyx. Fruit oblong-trigo-
nous, seedless, bright yellow when ripe, 3—4 in. long, the flesh fit to eat
without cooking.—Trew, Pl. Sel. t. 21-23 ; Baker in Annals Bot. vii.
211; Kew Bulletin, 1894, 250.

Var, M. paradisiaca, Linn. Sp, Plant. ed. 2, 1477. Male flowers and bracts less
deciduous. Fruit 4—1 ft., with firmer and less saccharine pulp, not fit to eat without
cooking.—Trew, Pl. Sel. t. 18-20; Kew Bulletin, 1894, 250 and 232 with fig. M.
eliffortiana, Linn. Musa Cliff. 1, t. 1.

Tropical Africa. Universally cultivated, ascending to 6000-7000 ft. For
details, see Kew Bulletin, 1894, 252; Warburg in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. B. 91.

The special African forms are:—

Var. Massoni, Baker. N early allied to M. Cavendishii, Lamb., with a shorter
trunk, petiole and panicle than in the type, and oblong small slightly curved saccharine
fruits—M. Massoni, Sagot in Journ, Soc. Nat. Hort. France, 1887, 293.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Var, vittata, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5402. Leaves pinnately variegated with
bands of white. Bracts bright red inside. Fruits 6-8 in. long, with vertical stripes
of white and green.—Kew Bulletin, 1894, 250 with fig. M. vittata, Ackerm. in Flore
des Serres, t, 1510-1513.

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, brought into cultivation by Ackermann
& Mann,

Var. sanguinea, Welw. ex Ridley in Journ. Bot. 1887, 134, Trunk and leaves
more or less tinged with bright red.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; Ponte de Luiz Gomez, Welwitsch,
6446 ; Cazengo, cultivated, Welwitsch, 64468 ! “ Bananeira roxa.”

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Order CXXXV. HÆMODORACEÆ. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregular. Perianth
corolline, with or without a tube above the ovary ; segments more or
less distinctly bisexual. Stamens 6, all perfect in the Tropical African
genera, inserted at the base of the perianth-lobes ; filaments filiform ;
anthers versatile and dehiscing longitudinally, or basifixed and dehiscing
by terminal pores. Ovary inferior, half-inferior, or superior, 3-celled ;
ovules 1-2 or many in a cell; style filiform ; stigma capitate, 3-lobed.
Fruit dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds globose or discoid, albuminous;
embryo small.—Perennial herbs, sometimes densely hairy all over.
Rootstock a rhizome or corm. Leaves very various. Flowers panicled,
racemose or cymose, usually small and inconspicuous.

Species 120, concentrated in Australia.

Perianth with a cylindrical tube. Anthers dehiscing :
longitudinally. Ovary superior . o: 1. SANSEVIERIA.
Perianth with a very short tube. Anthers dehiscing by ter-

minal pores. Ovary half-inferior 2. CYANASTRUM,

332 CXXXV. HÆMODORACEÆ (BAKER). [ Sansevieria,

1. SANSEVIERIA, Thunb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 679.

Perianth corolline, with a cylindrical tube and 6 linear lobes.
Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth-lobes ; filaments fili-
form, nearly as long as the lobes; anthers linear-oblong, dorsifixed,
versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary superior, globose, 3-celled ;
ovules solitary, erect; style long, filiform; stigma capitate, Fruit
membranous, soon bursting. Seeds 1-3, globose; testa lax, fleshy ;
embryo straight, placed near the base of the albumen.—Leaves in
clusters from a creeping rootstock, coriaceous, containing abundance of
useful fibre. Peduncle stout, with several empty bracts; racemes
dense, with several flowers to each bract, and pedicels articulated near
the middle. Flowers greenish-white.

Species about 12. Also in South Africa, Mascarene Isles, and Tropical Asia.

Leaves comparatively thin, flat except at the base.

Perianth 3-1 in. long.

Leaves oblanceolate, a foot long 1. S. senegambica.
Leaves lanceolate 8 ft. long . 2. S. nilotica.

Perianth 13-2 in. long : S ; . . 3. S. guineensis.

Perianth 23=3 in. long . , : : P . 4. S. bracteata,

Perianth 4-5 in. long . S : S : 5. S. longiflora.

Leaves thicker, nearly flat in the upper half . b . 6. S. Kirkii.
Leaves rounded on the back, deeply channelled down the

face.
Leaves 13 ft. long, 3-4 in. diam. . : : . 7. S. Volkensit.
Leaves 5-6 ft. long, 14 in. diam. 8. S. Ehrenbergit.
Leaves terete.
Leaves with a small facial groove . > : . 9. S. Schimper.
Leaves without any facial groove except at the base.
Primordial leaves flat . f i S : . 10. S. cylindrica.
Primordial leaves terete S : 4 : . 11. S. sulcata.
Doubtful native of Tropical Africa > 5 2 . 12. S. grandicuspis.

1. S. senegambica, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv.548. Leaves
oblanceolate, acute, nearly flat, rigidly coriaceous, 1 ft. long, 2 in. broad
above the middle, narrowed to a base $ in. broad, not at all margined
with red. Peduncle with raceme overtopping the leaves; pedicels
3—6-nate, ł—}4 in. long, articulated at the middle; bracts small, ovate,
white, scariose. Perianth 3-1 in. long; tube cylindrical, very slender;
lobes as long as the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-lobes.
Style finally exserted.

Upper Guinea. Senegal, Perrottet, 782! Richard, 72!

2. S. nilotica, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 548. Rootstock
wide-creeping, as thick as a man’s finger. Leaves lanceolate, flat, 3 ft.
long, 14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base and
apex, spotted with white, apparently less rigid than in S. guineensis,
without any red intermarginal line. Racemes lax, 1-1} ft. long;
bracts small, lanceolate; flowers 3-9 in a cluster ; pedicels 4—4 in. long,
articulated above the middle. Perianth white tinged with green,

=

\

Sansevieria, | CXXXV. HÆMODORACEÆ (BAKER). 333

4-1 in. long ; lobes rather longer than the tube. Style finally shortly
exserted.—Giirke in Engl, Pf. Ost-Afr, B. 367, t. 5, fig. J.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Banks of the White Nile in a wood,
Petherick ! Mittu: near Mvolo, Schweinfurth, 3834!

3. S. guineensis, Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 159. Rootstock wide-
creeping, as thick as a man’s finger. Leaves 3-6 to a node, lanceolate,
nearly flat above the base, 3—4 ft. long, 24-5 in. broad at the middle,
more or less distinctly mottled with white, sometimes bordered with a
thin line of red within the white edge. Peduncle 1-1} ft. long, with
3-4 scariose bract-leaves. Raceme dense, 14-2 ft. long, about 3 in.
diam. ; flowers 3-6 in a cluster; bracts small, oblong-lanceolate ; pedicels
ZA in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth 14-2 in, long, white,
tinged with green or brown; lobes as long as the tube. Stamens as
long as the perianth-lobes. Style finally much exserted.—Gawl. in
Bot. Mag. t. 479; Red. Lil. t. 330; Kunth, Enum. v. 16; Baker in
Journ, Linn. Soc. xiv. 547; Kew Bulletin, 1887, May, 5 and 8, fig. 1;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 79; Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C.
144, t. 5, figs. A-F. Aletris hyacinthoides, var. guineensis, Linn. Sp.
Plant. ed. 2, 456. Aletris guineensis, Jacq. Hort. Vind. i. 36, t. 84.
Acyntha guineensis, Medic. Theod. 76. -

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Sugarloaf Mountain, Scott-Elliot, 3980! on
rocks by the River Scarcies at Sasseni, Scott-Elliot, 4532! and without precise
locality, Afzelius! Niger Territory : Nupe, Barter, 1508! Fernando Po, Barter,
2060 !

Nile Land. Eritrea: Saganeiti, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 1270!
Moged Valley, Schweinfurth d Riva, 1609! near Acrour, Schweinfurth & Riva,
1763! Keren, Steudner, 475! Beccari, 198! Somaliland: Golis Range, Mrs. Lort
Phillips! British East Africa: Jur; Seriba Agad, Schweinfurth, 1658! Jur
Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1883! Madi, Speke & Grant, 526! Rabai Hills, near
Mombasa, Taylor !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Laurent !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Zanguebar, Stewart! Portuguese
East Africa : Lower Zambesi ; between Shiramba and Shigogo, Kirk, 178!

Now widely cultivated throughout the Tropics. For an account of the uses of this
and the other species, see Kew Bulletin, 1887, May, and Giirke in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr.
B. 364-368. S. letevirens, glauca and polyphylla of Haworth are probably garden
forms of this species.

4. S. bracteata, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, i. 253. Leaves
oblanceolate, flat, rigidly coriaceous, 1-2 ft. long, 2-2} in. broad above
the middle, narrowed gradually to a concave base, furnished with a
distinct red margin. Peduncle 1-1} ft. long, furnished with scariose
ovate erect amplexicaul bract-leaves, the lower 3-4 in. long. Raceme
dense, simple, 2-6 in. long; bracts oblong-lanceolate, scariose, | 3-1 in.
long; pedicels very short, densely fascicled. Perianth white, 24-3 in.
long ; lobes under 1 in. long. Style and stamens not exserted.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in rather dry rocky soil at a con-
siderable elevation, Welwitsch, 3750! 3751!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Uluguru? Stuhlmann !

334 CXXXV. HEMODORACEE (BAKER). [Sansevieria,

5. S. longiflora, Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2634. Leaves 4-6 to a node,
nearly flat, lanceolate, 3—5 ft. long, 3—5 in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to a concave base 1 in. diam., more or less mottled, distinctly
bordered with red. Peduncle 1 ft. or more long, with several ascending
scariose bract-leaves. Raceme dense, 1 ft. or more long, 8—9 in. diam. ;
bracts scariose, lanceolate, }—? in. long; pedicels 4—4 in. long, densely
fascicled, articulated at the middle. Perianth greenish-white, 4-5 in.
long ; lobes about 1 in. long. Stamens as long as the perianth-lobes.
Style much exserted.—Schult. f. Syst. Veg. vii. 357; Kunth, Enum.
v. 17; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 548; Kew Bulletin, 1887, May,
7 and 3, fig. 2; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 144, t. 5, figs. G-H.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 1169!

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; Damvo Hill, Schweinfurth
3831 !

Lower Guinea. Congo, Smith! Angola: Ambriz, Monteiro !

Mozamb. Dist. Usambara, Zanzibar and the Zambesi Region (ex Engler).

6. S. Kirkii, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1887, May, 8 and 3, fig. 3.
Leaves not more than 3-4 to a tuft, oblanceolate, 3 ft. long. 3 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to 1 in. at the base, very
rigid, flat in the upper half when mature, channelled in the lower half,
1 in. thick, and subterete with a rounded facial groove at the base,
obscurely mottled with white, with a narrow red-brown marginal line.
Peduncle much shorter than the leaves ; lower empty bracts large, ovate.
Raceme short, dense ; flowers about 6 to a bract; pedicels 4—4 in. long,
Perianth 5—6 in. long; lobes 14 in. long. Stamens as long as the
perianth-lobes. Style considerably exserted.—Bot. Mag. t. 7357.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 105!

Introduced into cultivation by Sir John Kirk in 1881. It flowered at Kew for the
first time in 1893.

There are in the Kew Herbarium leaves of the same or a nearly allied plant
collected by Sir John Kirk at Lupata in 1860.

7. S. Volkensii, Giirke in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 367; C. 144.
Rootstock wide-creeping, much-branched. Leaves semiterete, rigid, 1}
ft. long, 4-4 in. diam., channelled down the face, rounded on the back,
green, sometimes blotched with white, narrowed gradually to the semi-
pungent apex. Peduncle as long as or shorter than the leaves. In-
florescence a simple raceme. Perianth white, at most 1 in. long.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 4080; Kilimanjaro ;
at Lake Chala, 3700 ft., Volkens, 1779 !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

8. S. Ehrenbergii, Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Xiv-
549. Rootstock woody, wide-creeping. Leaves 12-15 in a distichous
rosette ; rudimentary outer ones small, ovate; central subterete, very
rigid, reaching a length of 5-6 ft., 14 in. broad and thick, with an acute
groove down the face, many slight grooves down the rounded back and

Sansevieria. | ` CXXXV. HEMODORACEE (BAKER). 335

spreading acute edges, with a narrow line of red-brown and white.
Peduncle with panicle 5-6 ft. long. Inflorescence a deltoid panicle
with many ascending branches; flowers many in a cluster; pedicels
ZA in. long, articulated at the apex; bracts minute, deltoid, mem-
branous. Perianth 4—3 in. long, white, tinged with red; lobes longer
than the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-lobes. Style finally
exserted.—Schweinf. in Bull. Herb.” Boiss. ii., App. ii. 78; Oliv. in
Hook. Ic. t. 2269; Engl. Ef. Ost-Afr. O. 144, t. 6.

Nile Land. Nubia: between Atbara and the Red Sea, Schweinfurth, 31!
‘Eritrea: Mount Alamkale, near Aidereso, Schweinfurth & Riva, 1468! Aidereso,
Schweinfurth & Riva, 1835! Somaliland, Stace !

Also Arabia, in the province of Yemen, described as a doubtful Dracena by
Deflers (Voy. Yemen, 211).

For information as to its uses, see Kew Bulletin, 1892, 129, and Schweinf. Pianti
utili dell’ Eritrea, 30.

9. S. Schimperi, Baker. Leaves subcylindrical, very rigid, with
a clasping ovate base, 3 ft. long, 4—3 in. diam., narrowed gradually to
the apex, with a small rounded groove down the face, and fine smaller
grooves down the back and sides, the spaces between the grooves
rounded. Inflorescence and perianth unknown. Intermediate between
S. cylindrica and S. Ehrenbergii.

Wile Land. Somaliland, Stace! MacConkey !

10. S. cylindrica, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 349 (name only). Rootstock
wide-creeping, as thick as a man’s finger. Leaves 3-5 to a node,
terete, with an ovate concave clasping base, reaching sometimes a
length of 5-6 ft., about 1 in. in diam. at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the point, marked with about five vertical grooves. Pri-
mordial leaves flat. Peduncle 1-1} ft. long. Raceme moderately dense,
1}-2 ft. long; bracts minute, scariose; flowers many in a cluster;
pedicels very short, articulated at the middle. Perianth white, 1-1} in.
long; lobes as long as the slender tube. Stamens as long as the
perianth-lobes. Style shortly exserted.—Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5098 ;
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 549; Kew Bulletin, 1887, May, 9 and
3, fig. 6; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii, App. ii. 77; Engl. Pf.
Ost-Afr. C. 144, t. 5, fig. P. „S. angolensis, Welw. ex Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soe. xiv. 549.

Wile Land. Eritrea: below Geleb on the Upper Lawa River, 5200 ft.
Schweinfurth, 1833, 1886 ; Arbaroba, 5800 ft., Schweinfurth, 830. Aidereso, 4000 ft.,
Schweinfurth, 1468. British East Africa: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Laurent! Angola, Welwitsch, 3749! Ambo-
land, Schinz, 1009 !

Mozamb. Dist. Matabeleland: Mangwe River, Bains !

11. S. sulcata, Bojer ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 549
(in syn.). Leaves few to a tuft, terete, 2-3 ft. long, nearly 1 in.
diam. at the middle, dull green, not mottled, tapering gradually to an
almost pungent point, marked from the apex to the base with 5 distinct

336 CXXXV, HÆMODORACEÆ (BAKER). [Sansevieria.

ves ; facial groove rather deeper than the others; laterals also a
little deeper than the dorsal. Primordial leaves terete. Flowers
unknown.—Kew Bulletin, 1887, May, 10 and 3, fig. 7.

Locality not known with certainty; probably the coast of German East Africa,
The above description is taken from the living plant at Kew. A plant received from
Lamu Island, British East Africa, from Mr. R.M. Ormerod in 1896, differs in having
leaves 13 in. diam.

12. S. grandicuspis, Haw. Syn. Succ.67. Leaves many toa tuft,
lanceolate, flat, thicker than in S. guineensis, 9-12 in. long, 1-1} in.
broad at the middle, slightly channelled down the lower half of the face,
obscurely mottled, not red on the margin, furnished on the back from
the top to the bottom with 5-7 distinct vertical grooves, tipped with a
distinct subulate cusp }-4 in. long. Flowers not seen.— Kunth, Enum.
v. 20.

Native country not known. Described from a living plant in the Kew collection,
March 1896. :

Dr. Schinz (Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 45) refers doubtfully a plant collected
by himself in Amboland to S. thyrsiflora, Thunb., which is widely spread in South
Africa.

2. CYANASTRUM, Oliv. in Hook, Ic. t. 1965.

Perianth corolline, with a short tube and 6 equal spreading oblong
lobes. Stamens 6, all perfect, inserted at the base of the perianth-lobes ;
filaments filiform ; anthers linear, basifixed, dehiscing by two terminal
pores. Ovary globose, half inferior, 3-celled; ovules 2 in each cell,
collateral, erect ; style long, filiform ; stigma capitate, faintly 3-lobed.
Fruit and seeds unknown.

Endemic,

1. ©. cordifolium, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. t. 1965. Corm solid, globose,
4 in. diam. Leaves arising singly from the corm on long petioles,
cordate-ovate, acute, glabrous, membranous, 3-6 in. long, with arcuate
main veins arising from the apex of the petiole and reticulated inter-
mediate veinlets. Peduncle 4-6 in. long, with a laxly sheathing bract-
leaf from the base and another larger from the middle. Raceme lax,
2-3-flowered ; pedicels short, erecto-patent ; bracts oblong, membranous,
persistent. Perianth blue, 4-4 in. long. Stamens rather shorter than
the perianth ; filaments as long as the anthers.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: interior of Yoruba, Millson, 89! Sent to Kew alive
by Millen, Cameroons: near the shore, Kalbreyer, 89! Ambas Bay, Mann, 769! :
Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1644! Mfoa, Bates, ais

There are in the Kew Herbarium incomplete specimens of a second species A
Johnstoni, Baker), collected by Sir H. Johnston in 1889, on the hills between Lakes
Tanganyika and Nyasa, at an elevation of 5000 feet. Of this the flowers are rather
larger and about six in a raceme, with deciduous bracts, and the stem has a linear
membranous bract-leaf at or below the middle, The leaves are said to be ample, and
the flowers blue.

CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 337

OrDER CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or irregular. Perianth corolline,
with or without a tube above the ovary ; segments biseriate, all alike or
those of the inner row different from those of the outer, or the three
lower from the three upper. Stamens 8, inserted opposite the segments
of the outer row, divergent or unilateral; filaments free, or more or
less united ; anthers basifixed or dorsifixed, with longitudinal extrorse
or lateral dehiscence. Ovary inferior, 3-celled; ovules anatropous, few
or many in a cell, superposed ; style filiform, usually 3-furcate ; branches
simple or forked, very various in structure. Fruit a capsule with
loculicidal dehiscence. Seeds globose or flattened ; testa membranous ;
embryo small, placed in the middle of the horny albumen near the
hilum.—Root fibrous. Rootstock a rhizome or tunicated corm.
Leaves often but not invariably distichous and concentrated at the
base of the stem. Flowers one or several to a spathe, various in colour,
often fugitive.

Species about 700, concentrated in South Africa, spread also principally through
the temperate and subtemperate zones of both hemispheres.

TRIBE I. Moreeeve.—Stamens placed opposite the style-branches, Flowers
usually more than one to a spathe.

Style-branches furnished with 2 petaloid crests with a

transverse stigma at their base.
Peduncle terete. Inner segments of the perianth not

convolute : : : 3 5 e . 1. MOREA.
Peduncle flat. Inner segments of the perianth con- -
volute . : S - è - : 2. MARIOA.
Stigma terminal on the laciniated style-branches . . 3. FERRARIA,

TRIBE II, Sisyrinchieve.— Stamens alternate with the style-branches, Flowers
not spicate,

Spathes l-flowered . A > : e . 4. ROMULEA.

Spathes many-flowered ; : BIER

TRIBE II. rxiege.—Stamens alternate with the style-branches, Flowers
spicate, always solitary in the spathes.

Stamens divergent, equilateral.

Spathe-valves herbaceous, green e : . . 6, HESPERANTHA.
Spathe-valves membranous . ; - ` . 7 DIERAMA.
Stamens contiguous, unilateral, arcuate.
Style-branches bifid - : S . : . 8. LaPEYROUSIA.
Style-branches simple.
Spathes short.
Capsule few-seeded, inflated . S . 9. CRrocosMIA.
Capsule many-seeded, not inflated . 4 . 10. TRITONIA.
Spathes long.
Perianth segments subequal. ə . . 11. ACIDANTHERA.
Perianth segments unequal.
Perianth-tube funnel-shaped . : . 12. GLADIOLUS.

Perianth-tube suddenly dilated at the middle . 13. ANTHOLYZA,
VOL. VII. Z

338 CXXXVI. IRIDEE (BAKER). | Morcea.

1. MORASA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 688.

Perianth-tube obsolete ; outer segments obovate-unguiculate, spread-
ing from about the middle ; inner erect, generally narrower. Stamens
inserted at the base of the outer segments of the perianth opposite the
branches of the style ; filaments filiform, generally united at the base ;
anthers linear, basifixed. Ovary cylindric-trigonous, 3-celled ; ovules
many in a cell ; style-branches petaloid, with two lanceolate or deltoid
petaloid crests; stigma at the base of the crests. Capsule oblong-
trigonous. Seeds globose.—Rootstock usually a corm, rarely a rhizome.
Leaves linear or ensiform, few or many. Stem simple or branched.
Outer spathe-valves firm, green. Flowers 2 or more in each spathe,
various in colour, often fugacious.

Species 60, the others South African, with only one in Australia.
*EKumMor#A. Rootstock a tunicated corm.

Stem simple.
Flowers small ` i 5 : ` A . 1. M. gracilis,
Flowers large.
Produced leaf basal.
Leaf very narrow . : : : A . 2. M. Mechowii.
Leaf 4 in. broad. : : S S . 3. M. diversifolia.
Leaf 4 in. broad.

Stem without rudimentary leaves . 4. M. Welwitschit.
Stem with 1-2 rudimentary leaves 5. M. zambesiaca.
Leaf 3-1 in. broad . S : 5 : 6. M. macrantha.
Produced leaf supra-basal,
Leaf subterete 7. M. angusta.
Leaf 4 in. broad 8. M. ventricosa.
Leaf 4—3 in. broad . 9. M. textilis.
Stems branched.
Inflorescence spicate . 10. M. Thomsoni.
Inflorescence racemose . 11. M. Carsoni.

Inflorescence corymbose.
Flowers yellow.
Stem with only a rudimentary leaf from the
middle . . e : . 12. M. spithamea.
Stem with a produced leaf from the middle . 13. M. andongensis.
Flowers lilac.
Leaves ł in. broad tg 5 S e . 14. M. Candelabrum,
Leaves} in. broad. e e e . 15. M. glutinosa.

**DreTEs. Rootstock a rhizome,
The only species : e : > : ‘ , 16. M. iridioides.

1. M, gracilis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 272.
Corms globose, tufted, 4—} in. diam. ; outer tunics fine, brown, fibrous,
produced above the neck. Produced leaves 2, terete, basal, erect,
very slender, shorter than the stem. Stem slender, simple, 8-15 m.
long, with a rudimentary leaf from above the middle. Spathe cylin-
drical, 2-2} in. long; outer valve much shorter than the inner.
Perianth yellow, fugacious, under 1 in. long; inner segments but little

Morea. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 339

narrower than the outer. Style-branches with crests a little shorter
than the perianth. Capsule oblong, } in. long.—Baker, Handb. Tod.
51; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in sandy pastures near Lopollo, 3800-
5500 ft., Welwitsch, 1545!

2. M. Mechowii, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 151. Stem simple,
terete, above 1 ft. long, with several rudimentary leaves. Produced
leaf 1, narrowly linear, basal, as long as the stem, A in. broad. Spathe
2 in. long; outer valve shorter than the inner, Perianth 2 in. long;
outer segments obovate-unguiculate, violet-purple with a yellow blotch
at the base of the blade, nearly 1 in. broad; inner segments narrower,
erect, violet-purple. Style-branches violet-purple, nearly as long as the
perianth-segments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Catala Canginga, Teuscz, 557,

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

3. M. diversifolia, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 130. Corm
globose, 1 in. diam., with brown rigid outer tunics produced 2-3 in.
above its neck. Produced leaf 1, rigid, linear, basal, } in. broad.
Stem simple, 4—1 ft. long, with several rudimentary leaves. Spathe 3 in.
long; valves acuminate, the outer rather shorter than the inner.
Perianth lilac, 14 in. long; outer segments obovate-unguiculate, under
$ in. broad, spreading from halfway down; inner oblanceolate, erect.
Style-branches half as long as the perianth; crests large, lanceolate.
Capsule oblong, 2 in. long.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 52; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 172.—Iris diversifolia, Steud. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl.
Abyss. ii. 305. Hymenostigma tridentatum and H. Schimperi, Hochst.
in Flora, 1844, 24-25. Xiphion diversifolium, Klatt in Linnea, XXXiv.
572. Vieusseuxia tridentata and V. Schimpert, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent.
Fl. Abyss. ii. 305.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; mountain meadows near Enjedcap, Schimper,
1173! Mount Bachit, near Barnam, Schimper, 1296 !

4. M. Welwitschii, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 270.
Corm globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics brown, scariose, produced 4-5 in,
above its neck. Leaf 1, basal, linear, rigid, flat, glabrous, 14-2 ft. long,
4 in. broad. Stem simple, 1 ft. long, without rudimentary leaves.
Spathe 3-4 in. long; valves acute, subequal. Ovary cylindrical, 1 in.
long. Perianth dark lilac-purple, 2 in. long; outer segments obovate-
spathulate, 4 in. broad, spreading from the middle ; inner not much
narrower, erect. Style-branches 1-1} in. long; crests large, lanceolate.
Capsule oblong, 1} in. long.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 51; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; temperate region, in swamps near the
Lopollo Brook, Welwitsch, 1548!

5. M. zambesiaca, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 180. Corm
not seen. Produced leaf 1, linear, glabrous, firm, basal, 1-14 ft. long,

340 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Morea.

4 in. broad at the middle. Stem simple, about 1 foot long, with 1~2
rudimentary sheathing leaves. Spathe cylindrical, 3—4 in. long ; outer
valve a little shorter than the inner. Perianth lilac-purple, 14-2 in,
long; outer segments obovate-unguiculate, ł—1 in. broad, spreading
from the middle; inner erect, about } in. broad, Style-branches half
as long as the perianth; crests long, lanceolate. Capsule cylindrical,
above 1 inch long.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 51.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Humpata, Johnston! Cunene River,
Johnston ! Lower Congo: Katanga, Cornet /

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Livingstone Range, Johnson! Higher
Plateau, North of Lake Nyasa, Thomson ! between Lake Nyasa and Lake Tanganyika,
6000-8000 ft., Thomson! Portuguese East Africa : Makua; Namuli Hills, Last! -
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shibisa (Chikwawa) to Tshinmuze, 2000-
4000 ft., Kirk ! Mount Zomba, Buchanan, 143! Manganja Hills, 3000 ft., Meller !
near Mount Sochi, 3000 ft., Kirk ! Mount Mlanje, McClounie, 13!

6. M. macrantha, Baker. Corm stout. Radical leaves 5-6 to a
stem, ensiform, not rigid nor strongly veined, 14-2 ft. long, 2-1 in.
broad. Stem terete, erect, 2 ft. long, bearing 5-6 sheath-leaves and a
single terminal cluster of flowers. Spathe cylindrical, 3-4 in. long ;
valve firm, pale green, the inner much longer than the outer. Ovary
clavate, ł in. long. Perianth bright lilac, 24 in. long; outer segments
obovate-unguiculate, 1 in. broad, reflexing from half-way ; inner oblong-
unguiculate, erect, ł in. broad. Style crests large, deltoid.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Whyte!

_ 7. M. angusta, Ker in Bot. Mag. t. 1276. Corm globose, 1 in.
diam. ; tunics of many thick wiry strands, often produced as bristles
above its neck. Produced leaf 1, springing from a little above the base
of the stem, subterete, 14-2 ft. long, deeply channelled down the face.
Stem simple, 1-1} ft. long, with 1-2 rudimentary sheathing leaves.
Spathe cylindrical, 3 in.long; outer valve acute, much shorter than the
inner. Perianth pale yellow, 14 in. long; outer segments obovate,
unguiculate, above 4 in. broad, reflexing from half-way down ; inner
erect, not much narrower. Style-branches half as long as the perianth ;
crests large, lanceolate. Ovary cylindrical, 4 in. long.—Baker in Journ.

Linn. Soc. xvi. 180; Handb. Irid. 50. Íris angusta, Thunb. Diss.
Trid. 19.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu ; Tanganyika Plateau at
Fwambo, type and a variety with lilac flowers, Carson ! Nyasaland ; Fort Hill, Whyte!

Also in South Africa,

8. M. ventricosa, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 73. Corm not
seen, Produced leaf 1, arising from the stem a little above the base,
linear, thick, rigid, 2 ft. long, } in. broad. Stem 1 ft. long, simple,
with several sheathing rudimentary leaves. Spathe ventricose, 3}—4 in.
long; outer valve cuspidate, much shorter than the other. Perianth
pale yellow, 2 in, long; outer segments obovate, with a long claw, $ in.

Morea. | CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). 341

broad; inner a little narrower. Style-branches half as long as the
perianth ; crests deltoid. Ovary cylindrical, 1 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 87 of
1894 collection !

9. M. textilis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 270.
Corm depresso-globose, 14-2 in. diam., with fibrous tunics produced
above its neck. Produced leaf 1, spreading from several inches above
the base, firm, linear, glabrous, strongly ribbed, reaching a length of
4-5 ft., -L in. broad. Stem simple, 2-3 ft. long, bearing several rudi-
mentary leaves. Spathe 4-5 in. long; outer valve shorter than the
inner. Ovary 1 in. long. Perianth dark purple, 24-3 in. long; outer
segments obovate-unguiculate, 4 in. broad, reflexing from above the
middle; inner erect, emarginate. Style-branches 14 in. long; crests
large, lanceolate.— Baker, Handb. Irid. 52; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 173,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; on hills by the Lopollo Brook, among
bushes in damp places, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 1549!

10. M. Thomsoni, Baker, Handb. Irid. 57. Corm not seen.
Stem-leaves reduced to sheaths, with short erect free points. Stem
including inflorescence 1 ft. long, bearing 2-5 remote spicate clusters
of flowers; spathe cylindrical, 1-14 in. long; outer valve longest.
Perianth fugitive, light blue, 3 in. long; outer segments spreading
from half-way down. Style-crests short. Capsule oblong, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Higher plateau north of Lake Nyasa,
Thomson! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft.,
Whyte!

11. M. Carsoni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 391. Corm not seen.
Produced leaf 1 from the middle of the stem, narrowly linear, erect,
rigid, glabrous, strongly ribbed, a foot long, 34; in. broad. Stem very
slender, 14 ft. long, bearing about 4 clusters of flowers, the lateral
on very short ascending peduncles. Spathe cylindrical, 14-1} in. long ;
outer valve acuminate, much shorter than the inner. Perianth purple,
fugitive, under 1 in. long; outer segments obovate-unguiculate, 4 in.
broad; inner narrower, oblanceolate. Style-branches 4 in. long;
crests lanceolate. Capsule oblong, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson !

12. M. spithamzea, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i 27k:
Corm globose, 4—4 in. diam. Stem } ft. long, branched in the upper
half, viscous below the nodes and spathes, with 2 rudimentary leaves
below the inflorescence. Produced leaves not seen. Inflorescence
corymbose, with ascending peduncles 1-1} in. long. Spathes 1-1} in.
long; outer valve oblong, obtuse, considerably shorter than the inner.
Perianth yellow, fugacious, under 1 in. long; outer segments obovate-
cuneate, spotted with black ; inner nearly as broad. Style-branches

342 CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). [Moræa.

with crests nearly as long as the perianth. Ovary turbinate, $ in. long.
—Baker, Handb. Irid. 55.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, in sandy thickets at
Lopollo and Humpata, Welwitsch, 1567 !

13. M. andongensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 271.
Corm small, globose. Stem slender, 4 ft. long, branched in the upper
half, viscous below the nodes. Produced leaves 3—4, basal and supra-
basal, narrowly linear, rigid, glabrous, 6-15 in. long, A in. broad. In-
florescence corymbose; peduncles ascending, 1-3 in. long; spathes
#+1 in. long; outer valve much shorter than the inner. Perianth
sulphur-yellow, fugacious, 4 in. long ; segments nearly equal in width.
Style-branches with crests nearly as long as the perianth. Capsule
depresso-globose, }—} in. diam.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 55.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in damp wooded meadows at
Montollo, 2400-3800 ft., Welwitsch, 1532!

14. M. Candelabrum, Boker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
271. Corm small, globose. Stem much-branched, 2-3 ft. long, viscous
below the nodes. Leaves many, 2 basal and others cauline, linear,
glabrous, moderately firm, } in. broad, the lower above a foot long.
Inflorescence corymbose ; peduncles ascending, 1-3 in. long; spathes
1-1} in. long ; outer ovate ł}—} mm. jong, Perianth fugitive, lilac, about
1 in. long ; segments nearly equal in breadth. Style-branches with their
crests not much shorter than the perianth. Capsule small, turbinate.—
Baker, Handb. Irid. 54; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; among shrubs in stony ground at Morro de
Lopollo, 5200 ft., Welwitsch, 1544!

15. M. glutinosa, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 271.
Corm irregular, 3—14 in. diam. Leaves of the sterile rosette linear, firm,
glabrous, 1 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad. Stem 14 ft. long, branched from
below the middle ; rudimentary leaves subtending the branches, lanceo-
late, 2-4 in. long; stem very viscous below the nodes; peduncles long,
ascending. Spathes 1-14 in. long; outer valve obtuse, rather shorter
than the inner. Perianth lilac-purple, fugacious, 1 in. long; outer
segments 4 in. broad. Style-branches with crests nearly as long as the
perianth. Ovary clavate, } in. long.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 55.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, among shrubs on hills
near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1543!

16. M. iridioides, Linn. Mant. 28. Rhizome short, creeping.
Leaves several in a fan-shaped basal rosette, ensiform, green, firm,
1-2 ft. long, 3-3 in. broad. Stems 1-2 ft. long, with many sheath-
leaves, sometimes elongated and rooting. Inflorescence laxly corym-
bose ` spathes cylindrical, 13-2 in. long; valves firm, not pointed ;
outer valve small. Perianth white, 1-2 in. long ; segments of both
rows spreading; outer obovate-cuneate, with a finely pilose claw and a
yellow keel at the base ; inner narrower, pure white. Style-crests large,

Moræa.] CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER), 843

lanceolate. Capsule oblong, 1—14 in. long.—Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr.
t. 196 (excl. syn.); Ker in Bot. Mag. t. 693; Baker, Handb. Irid. 60.
M. vegeta, Miller, Gard. Dict. edit. viii. (Ic. t. 239, fig. 1), not Linn.
Iris compressa, Linn. f. Suppl. 98 ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 147.
I. moreoides, Ker in Bot. Mag. sub t. 1407. J. crassifolia, Lodd. Bot.
Cab. t. 1861. Dietes iridifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. i. 307. D.
iridioides, Sweet, Hort. Brit. edit. ii. 497. D compressa, Klatt in
Linnæa, xxxiv. 584.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Valley of the River Umba, Smith !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! by the
Mwata Manga Rivulet, 4000 ft., Kirk !

Also widely spread in South Africa,

2. MARICA, Ker; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 689.

Perianth without any tube above the ovary; segments of the two
rows very different in shape; outer obovate, spreading ; inner smaller,
convolute vertically. Stamens placed opposite the branches of the style ;
filaments free ; anthers linear, basifixed. Ovary 3-celled; ovules many,
superposed ; style subulate at the base, cup-shaped in the upper half,
with 3 angles to which the stamens loosely adhere ; crests petaloid, with
a transverse stigma at the base. Capsule oblong, loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds globose or angled by pressure.—Rootstock a short rhizome.
Leaves ensiform, distichous, flabellate. Peduncle flattened, with one
or few clusters of flowers; spathe-valves rigid or scariose. Flowers very
fugitive, blue, white, or yellow.

Species about 10, the others Tropical American.

1. M. Sabini, Lindl. in Trans. Hort. Soc. vi. 75, t.1. Leaves
6-8 in a tuft, ensiform, distichous, 2-3 ft. long, bright green, 1-14 in.
broad, tapering to the point. Peduncle as broad as the leaves, similar
in texture, bearing 2-3 clusters of flowers from the side a m way
below its apex. Spathes 2-24 in. long; outer valves firm, green. Outer
segments of the perianth 2 in. long, bright blue, the base ës E
spots on a yellow ground; inner segments similarly coloured, re ae
at the tip, not more than half as long as the outer —Lodd. Sah :
t. 1164; Baker, Handb. Irid. 61. M. sabiniana, Herb. in Bot. Mag.
sub t. 3809. ;

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Don.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Barter, 2015! Angola, EE !

Is probably only a form of the Brazilian M. cerulea, Ker, and introduced.

3. FERRARIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 692.

Perianth-segments united at the base, connivent above it, e
stpendine, acute, more or less convolute. Stamens placed vedas GH
branches of the style; filaments united or connivent in a cylindri

344 CXXXVI. IRIDEH (BAKER). [Ferraria.

tube; anthers small, ovate or oblong. Ovary cylindrical, rostrate, 3-
celled ; ovules many, superposed ; style filiform, its branches bifid or
flattened at the densely fimbriated apex. ` Capsule oblong, 3-valved,
Seeds subglobose.—Rootstock a large irregularly shaped corm. Leaves
long, linear. Stem often branched, furnished with many ovate clasping
reduced leaves. Spathe-valves firm, green. Flowers fugitive, usually
greenish or purplish-black.

Species 7, the others South African,

Perianth segments yellow, panduriform e : . 1. F. Welwitschit.
Perianth segments red, oblanceolate . . : . 2. F, bechuanica.

1. F. Welwitschii, Baker, Handb. Irid. 74. Stems slender, under
a foot long, branched below the middle, bearing 4 clusters of flowers on
long ascending peduncles. Stem-leaves linear, distantly superposed, the
longest 3—4 in. long. Spathes cylindrical, 14 in. long; outer valve
shorter than the next. Flowers bright yellow; segments subequal,
1 in. long, with a spreading panduriform acute blade, copiously blotched
with brown up to the tip, longer than the broad claw. Staminal column
shorter than the claw ; anthers oblong, just overtopped by bifid laciniated
tips of the style-branches.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch.

Described from a drawing of a plant that flowered in the garden of Mr, Wilson

Saunders at Reigate in July 1871, the corm of which was sent to him by Dr.
Welwitsch,

2. F. bechuanica, Baker. Stem stout, erect, glabrous, 2-3 ft.
long, forked three times, bearing short linear strongly-ribbed glabrous
leaves from the forks and a long erect one from the base. Spathes
3-6-flowered, cylindrical, 14-2 in. long ; valves rigid, light green ; outer
valve very short. Perianth-segments oblanceolate, 2 in. long, dark red-
brown and green. Filaments united in a cylindrical tube, + in. long ;
anthers small, oblong, yellow, spreading from its top. Style-branches
short, bifid, densely penicillate; hairs brown. Capsule oblong, sub-
stipitate, ł in. long, narrowed to the base. )

Mozamb. Dist. Ngamiland: Kalahari Desert, near Mamunwe, Lugard, 237!

4. ROMULEA, Maratti; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 694.

Perianth with a short tube and 6 obovate imbricate subequal seg-
ments. Stamens alternate with the style-branches; filaments inserted
at the throat of the perianth-tube, free in the tropical African species;
anthers lanceolate-sagittate. Ovary oblong, 3-celled ; ovules many;
superposed ; style filiform, with bifid clavate branches. Capsule oblong,
loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose or angled by pressure.—Rootstock
a small corm, with membranous tunics. Leaves setaceous, multifarious.
Spathe of 2 lanceolate valves; outer or both firm, green, lanceolate.
Flowers various in colour, only one to a spathe. )

H
f

f

Romulea. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER), 345

Species 30—40, all nearly allied and similar in habit, many in South Africa, and
several in the Mediterranean Region.

Style not overtopping the anthers.
Peduncle short, simple or branched. Perianth-seg-

ments oblong, acute ` i ; . 1. R. ramiflora.
Peduncle long, simple. Periantli-segments oblanceo-
late, obtuse.
Perianth plain purple . : ` : : . 2, R. camerooniana.
Perianth conspicuously striped . ; : . 3. R. campanuloides.
Style overtopping the anthers . - : 7 . 4, R. Fischeri.

1. R. ramiflora, Zen. Mem. 113. Corm globose, under 4 in. diam. ;
tunics firm, castaneous. Leaves very slender, subterete, 5-6 in. long,
erect or arcuate, channelled down the face. Peduncle 2-3 in. long,
simple or branched, with a reduced leaf at the fork. Spathe-valves
equal, acute, 4-4 in. long, green or brownish. Perianth plain purple,
4- in. long; segments oblong, acute. Stamens about half as long as
the perianth-limb. Style not overtopping the anthers.—Moggr. Cont.
Flora Mentone, t. 92. R. Linaresii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi.
87; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 172.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Semen; Mount Bachit, Schimper, 550!

Also in the Mediterranean Region.

2. R. camerooniana, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 236. Bulb
globose, 4—3 in. diam. ; tunics brown, rigid, produced as fibres above its
neck. Leaves very slender, terete, 1 ft. long, channelled down the face.
Peduncle very slender, stiffly erect, 6—9 in. long, 1-flowered. Spathe-
valves equal, about E in. long, both firm and green. Perianth ? in.
long, plain purple with a white throat; segments oblanceolate, obtuse.
Stamens more than half as long as the perianth limb. Style not
overtopping the anthers.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 102, ex parte; Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 172, partly.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Mountains at 7000-9000 ft., Mann, 2135!
Johnston, 19!

3. R. campanuloides, Harms in Engl. Jahrb. xix. Beibl. No. 47,
28. Bulb globose, }-4 in. diam., tunics brown, rigid. Leaves very
slender, subterete, erect, 1 ft. or more long, channelled down the face.
Peduncle slender, simple, stiffly erect, 6-9 in. long. Spathe-valve sub-
equal, green, lanceolate, acute, about } in. long. Perianth sessile,
funnel-shaped, 3—Z in. long ; segments oblanceolate, obtuse, distinctly
striped with dark lilac on a paler purple ground. Stamens half as long
as the perianth limb. Style not overtopping the anthers.—B£. alpina,
‘Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 401. &.camerooniana, Baker, Handb.
Trid. 102, partly.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6000-10,000 ft., Thom-
son! Volkens, 782! Taylor.

4. R. Fischeri, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 150. Bulb globose, 4 in.
. diam. Leaves subterete, channelled down the face, overtopping the
flowers. Peduncle slender, simple, 4-6 in. long. Spathe-valves lanceo-

346 CXXXVI. IRIDEX (BAKER), [Romulea.

late, acuminate, purple outside. Perianth nearly sessile, 1 in. long,
purple with a golden-yellow throat; segments subacute, 4+ in. broad.
Stamens half as long as the perianth. Style overtopping the anthers.
—Harms in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 147.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Abori, Fischer, 587.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

5. ARISTEA, Ker; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. iii. 701.

Perianth membranous, with a short cylindrical tube and subequal
oblong segments, twisting up spirally after flowering. Stamens inserted
at the throat of Che perianth-tube; filaments short, free, filiform ;
anthers erect, linear-oblong. Ovary 3-celled, oblong or cylindrical ;
ovules many, superposed ; style filiform, with 3 small obovate branches,
stigmatose round the edge. Capsule oblong or cylindrical, obtusely or
acutely angled, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose or angled by
pressure.—Herbs with narrow rigid leaves in a distichous basal rosette
(the Tropical African species), Peduncle flat or subterete. Flowers

clustered, fugitive, usually blue ` spathes oblong, the outer valves firm,
the inner membranous,

Species 30, the others in South Africa and the Mascarene Islands.

Stem compressed, but not winged.
Clusters of flowers 1—2
Clusters of flowers 4—5
Clusters of flowers 6-8

Stem narrowly winged.
Stem-leaves 1—2, small

. A. johnstoniana.
A. zombensis.
. A. angolensis.

ont

4. A, nandiensis.
Stem-leaves 5-6, large . : 5. A. nyikensis.
Stems distinctly winged throughout.
Clusters of flowers 1-2 : 6. A. alata.
Clusters of flowers 3-4 7. A. paniculata.

1. A. johnstoniana, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 48.
Leaves many in a basal rosette, linear, rigid, 6-10 in. long, km. broad.
Peduncle as long as the leaves, slender, compressed but not winged,
simple, bearing 1-2 terminal clusters of flowers, leafless or furnished
with a single reduced leaf above the middle. Spathe oblong; valves
equal, oblong, 4 in. long or the outer longer and acute, green with a
scariose margin. Perianth } in. long, shortly stipitate. Capsule not
seen.

a Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mount Mlanje, Whyte ! MceCOlounie,

_ 2. A. zombensis, Baker. Radical leaves 5-6 to a stem, linear,
rigid, strongly ribbed, 1 foot long, } in broad. Stem above 1 foot long,
angled, not winged, bearing 3—4 distant leaves, the upper very 8™
and remote from the flowers. Inflorescence of 4—5 clusters, the lowest
with a short erecto-patent peduncle, the others sessile; outer bracts

Aristea. | CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). 347

large, oblong, not lacerated. Perianth-segments narrowly oblong,
4-} in. long. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled, subsessile.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte!

3. A. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i, 270.
Basal leaves many in a rosette, linear, not very rigid, flat, 6-9 in. long,
4-}:in. broad. Peduncle 2 ft. long, compressed, not winged, bearing
several reduced leaves. Inflorescence 4-1 ft. long; upper clusters
sessile, lower 1-2 on short ascending peduncles. Spathes oblong, } in.
long; outer valves oblong, obtuse, firm in the lower bract, membranous
at the tip. Perianth 4 in. long. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled,
sessile, } in. long—Handb. Irid. 141; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 174.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in meadows on the banks of the Lopollo
Brook, 4000-5000 ft., Welwitsch, 1550!

4. A. nandiensis, Baker. Leaves linear, rigid, erect, 1 foot or
more long, } in. broad. Stem erect, 2 ft. long, narrowly winged, bearing
1-2 reduced leaves. Clusters of flowers about 4; peduncle ascending,
3-1} in. long ; bracts with broad scariose edges, not lacerated. Perianth-
segments } in. long, twisting spirally. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled,
as long as the perianth.

Nile Land. Pritish East Africa: Kavirondo; Nandi Range, 7000-8000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 6935 !

5. A. nyikensis, Baker. Stem 1 foot long, flattened and narrowly
winged upwards, bearing about 5 distant flat linear glabrous ascending
leaves, the lowest 8-9 in. long, 1-4 in. broad. Inflorescence a small
thyrsoid panicle with a flattened narrowly-winged peduncle ; branches
erecto-patent ; lower 1 in. long; upper 3 clusters sessile. Flowers not
seen. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled, torulose, 2 in. long; pedicel
nearly as long as the capsule.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau, 6000-
7000 ft., Whyte, 230! between Mpata and the commencement of the Tanganyika
Plateau, 2000-3000 ft., Whyte !

6. A. alata, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 405, Leaves many
in a basal rosette, linear, rigid, 4—1 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad. Peduncle
flat and broadly winged throughout, longer than the leaves, usually
leafless, rarely bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Clusters 1-2, the side one
smaller than the terminal, nearly sessile or distinctly peduncled. Spathe
}~2 in. long; outer valves firm in the centre, with a membranous edge
and tip. Perianth 3-3 in. long. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled,
distinctly stipitate, LA in. long —Handb. Irid. 140. A. abyssinica,
Pax in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 173. A. tayloriana, Rendle in
Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 48.

Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper, 279! British East Africa: Lykipia, 6000-
8000 ft., Thomson !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Kwa Mshuza (Handei),
Hoist, 9140! Kilimanjaro, 7000-10,000 ft., Johnston, 14! Volkens, 779! Taylor!

348 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [Aristea.

7. A. paniculata, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 151 (April 1892), not
of Baker (Aug. 1892). Leaves many in a basal rosette, firm, linear, 4-1
ft. long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle flattened and distinctly winged, 4-1
ft. long below the inflorescence, bearing a single reduced leaf. Inflores-
cence corymbose; clusters of flowers 3-4; peduncles erecto-patent,
narrowly winged, 1-1} in. long. Spathes oblong, 4 in. long; outer
valves oblong, obtuse, with a firm centre and brown membranous edge.
Perianth 4 in. long. Capsule oblong, obtusely angled, subsessile, 4 in.
long.—A. Lastii, Baker, Handb. Irid. 142 (Aug. 1892).

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mukua; Namuli Hills, Last !

6. HESPERANTHA, Ker; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. P). iii. 702.

Perianth rotate; tube short, cylindrical; segments 6, subequal,
oblong, spreading. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube,
equilateral; filaments filiform; anthers lanceolate, basifixed. Ovary
3-celled; ovules many, superposed ; style not longer than the perianth-
tube, with 3 long subulate branches. Capsule small, turbinate, loculi-
cidally 3-valved. Seeds small, globose or angled by pressure.—Root-
stock a small tunicated corm, with a flat base. Leaves few, narrow,
distichous. Flowers in a distichous spike; spathe-valves small, green,
generally not longer than the perianth-tube.

Species 27, the others all South African.

Perianth-segments as long as the tube.
Anthers shorter than the filaments ; : 1. H. alpina.
Anthers longer than the filaments . : > . 2. H. petitiana.
Perianth-segments longer than the tube 3. H. Volkensit.

1. H. alpina, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 703. Corm very
small, globose. Produced leaves narrowly linear, sub-basal, firm, Een
glabrous, 3-4 in. long, }-} in. broad. Stems slender, simple, }-1 ft.
long, with a sheathing reduced leaf at the middle. Flowers 2—4 SCH
lax spike ; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, green, 4—1 in. long. Sech? z
tube straight, erect, 4—4 in. long; segments oblong, as long as the tube,
the inner white, the outer claret-red outside. Stamens shorter than
the perianth-segments; anthers oblong, shorter than the filaments.
Style-branches } in. long. Capsule obovate-oblong, 4—} in. mayne
Baker, Handb. Irid. 147; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 174
Geissorhiza alpina, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 223.

!
Upper Guinea. Cameroons: on mountains at 8000-10,000 ft., Mann, 2134+
Johnston, 18! Preuss, 968!

2. H. petitiana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 96. Corm small,
globose; tunics rigid, dark brown. Produced leaves 2, suprabasal,
linear, flat, erect, moderately firm, glabrous, 6-9 in. long, 4 in. b :
Peduncle slender, simple, 1 ft. long, with 1 long-sheathing rudimentary
leaf. Flowers few in a lax spike; outer spathe-valve oblong, obtuse,

Hesperantha. | CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). 349

pale-green, $—? in. long, hiding the inner valve. Perianth-tube slender,
erect, 4 in. long ; segments oblong, rather shorter than the tube, the
inner white, the outer flushed with claret-red on the outside. Anthers
4 in. long; filaments very short. Style-branches } in. long. Ovary
small, turbinate.— Handb. Irid. 147; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 174. Ixia petitiana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 309. Geissorhiza
abyssinica, Klatt in Linnea, xxxiv. 716, non R. Br.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, Quartin-Dillon § Petit, 116!

Var. uniflora, Baker. Much dwarfer, with narrower leaves and a single flower.—
Hesperantha uniflora, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 309. Ixia hoch-
stetteriana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 309.

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Semen; Mount Bachit, 6000-11,000 ft., Schimper,
1239! Begemeder; Mount Guna, 11,000 ft., Schimper, 1182!

3. H. Volkensii, Harms in Engl. Jahrb. xix. Beibl. 47, 28.
Corm very small, globose. Produced leaves 3, sub-basal, narrowly linear,
erect, firm, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 1 lin. broad. Stem very slender, as
long as the leaves, with a reduced sheathing leaf at the middle, Flowers
about 3 in a very lax spike; outer spathe-valve oblong, green, 4—3 in.
long. Perianth-tube 4 in. long, erect, funnel-shaped in the upper half ;
segments oblong, ł in. long, the inner white, the outer tinged with
claret-red on the outside. Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb ;
anthers large, linear. Style-branches } in. long.—H. kilimanjarica,
Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 402.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Mamba, 8800 ft., Volkens,
783! above Morang, to 10,000 ft., Taylor !

7. DIERAMA, K. Koch; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 703.

Perianth-tube short, cylindrical, dilated at the throat; segments 6,
subequal, oblong, spreading. Stamens inserted at the throat of the
perianth-tube, equilateral; filaments short ; anthers linear, basifixed.
Ovary oblong, 3-celled ; ovules many, superposed ; style filiform, exserted
from the throat of the perianth-tube, with short spreading entire clavate
branches. Capsule oblong, small, membranous, loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds small, globose or angled by pressure.—Rootstock a large corm.
Leaves many in a basal rosette, long, linear, rigid, strongly nerved.
Flowers in panicled spikes; spathe-valves lanceolate, membranous.

A genus of 2 species, both South African, only one extending into Tropical Africa.

1. D. pendula, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 99. Corm large,
globose ; tunics of parallel fibres produced above its neck. Basal leaves
5-6, linear, rigid, 14-2 ft. long. Stem including the inflorescence 2-4
ft. long. Spikes several, cernuous, with the flowers crowded towards
the top; spathe-valves lanceolate, acuminate, ł in. long, membranous,
brown or dotted with brown. Perianth white or pale or dark-purple ;
tube cylindrical, 4—4 in. long; segments oblong, twice as long as the
tube. Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb. Style-branches ys in.

350 CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Dierama.
long.—Handb. Irid. 159; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 174. D.
ensifolium, K. Koch & Bouché in Walp. Ann. vi. 43. D. cupuliflorum,
Klatt in Decken’s Reisen Bot. 73, t. 3. Iaia pendula, Thunb. Diss.
15. Sparaxis pendula, Ker in Bot. Mag. sub t. 1482; Bot. Reg. t.
1360.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 8000-—10,000 ft., Johnston,
22! Volkens, 983! between Lake Nyasa and Lake Tanganyika, 6000-8000 ft.,
Thomson! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mlanje Plateau, McClounie! Nyika
Plateau, 6000-7000 ft., Whyte, 250! Mpata and commencement of the Tanganyika
Plateau, 2000-3000 ft., Whyte!

Also widely spread in South Africa.

8. LAPEYROUSIA, Pourr. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 705.

Perianth-tube short or long, subcylindrical, slightly ciliated at the
throat; segments oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, subequal, spreading.
Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, unilateral, close,
arcuate; filaments short; anthers basifixed. Ovary 3-celled; ovules
many, superposed ; style filiform, with short spreading bifid branches.
Capsule small, globose or oblong, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds small,
globose or angled by pressure.—Rootstock an ovoid corm with matted
tunics. Leaves distichous, subterete or linear, usually only 1-2 to each
stem. Inflorescence various; spathe-valves usually green. Flowers
usually small, various in colour.

Species 34, the others all South African.

*OvIEDA. Produced leaves usually 1-2, not forming

a basal rosette.
Perianth-tube 4—4 in. long.
Perianth-tube scarcely longer than the spathe-valves.

Perianth-tube 4 in. long 1. L. cærulea.
Perianth-tube 4 in. long F S $ 2. L. abyssinica,
Perianth-tube longer than the spathe-valves.
Perianth bright red S 5 S 3. L. erythrantha,
Perianth lilac or white.
Produced leaves basal 4. L. Sandersoni.
Produced leaves suprabasal 5. L. Welwitschii.
Perianth-tube 134-2 in. long.
Perianth-segments oblanceolate 6. L. Bainesii.
Perianth-segments linear-subulate S 7. L. caudata.

Perianth-tube 4-6 in. long.
Perianth-segments lanceolate or linear-lanceolate.
Outer spathe-valve 3-3 in. long
Outer spathe-valve 1-2 in. long.

. L. congesta.

Perianth-tube 4—4} in. long. - 9. L. fragrans.
Perianth-tube 5-6 in. long.
Spathe 1—14 in. long . 10. L. edulis.
Spathe 1}-2 in. long . : . 11. Z. porphyrosiphon.
Outer spathe-valve 3-5 in. long ; . 12. L. odoratissima.
Perianth-segments oblong 13. Loge

Flowers unknown

. L, littoralis.

Lapeyrousia. | CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). 351
**ANOMATHECA. Produced leaves several, thin, form- e
ing a distichous rosette.

Perianth-tube about 1 in. long.
Flowers less than 1 in. diam.

Perianth-segments 1 lin. broad, lilac . : . 15. L. holostachya.
Perianth-segments 11-2 lin. broad, red : . 16. L. cruenta.
Flowers large, bright red : : ‘ ; . 17. L. grandiflora.
Perianth-tube 4-5 in. long . : : : : . 18. Z. Monteiroi.

1. L. coerulea, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Branden. xxxi. 212.
Corm ovoid, } in. diam. ; tunics thick, cancellate. Produced leaves 1-2,
suprabasal, arcuate, narrowly linear, 6—9 in. long, 4 lin. broad, with a
thick stramineous midrib. Stem 1 ft. long including the inflorescence,
very slender, terete, branched from the middle. Inflorescence a lax
panicle, with few-flowered corymbose branchlets; outer spathe-valve
oblong, } in. long, green with a brown tip. Perianth lilac-blue ; tube
scarcely longer than the spathe ; segments oblanceolate, }—} in. long.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth-limb; anthers lanceolate.
Style-branches overtopping the anthers.

Lower Guinea. German South-West Africa: Hereroland; Otjitambe, Belek,
50, Ombale, Schinz, 13! and without precise locality, Liideritz.

2. L. abyssinica, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 155. Corm
ovoid, 4—2 in. diam. ; tunics thick, reticulated. Produced leaves 3~4,
basal or the upper suprabasal, linear, moderately firm, glabrous, 3-6 in.
long, 4-} in. broad. Stem 4-1 ft. long including the inflorescence,
compressed, acutely angled in the lower part, usually branched from
about the middle. Spikes lax, 2—6-flowered ; outer spathe-valve oblong-
lanceolate, greenish-brown, jin. long. Perianth lilac ; tube cylindrical,
as long as the spathe; segments oblanceolate, 4 in. long. Stamens
more than half as long as the segments; anthers shorter than the
filaments.—Handb. Irid. 168; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 178.
Geissorhiza abyssinica, R. Br. in Salt, Trav. App. lxii.; A. Rich. Tent.
Fl. Abyss. ii. 308. Montbretia abyssinica, Hochst. and M. gallabatensis,
Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 155.

Nile Land. Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth! Abyssinia: Tigre; near
Adowa, Schimper, 329! and without precise locality, Schimper, 563! Parkyns !

3. L. erythrantha, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc, xvi. 155. Corm
ovoid, 2 1 in. diam. ; tunics thick, fibrous. Produced basal leaves 1-2,
linear, erect, glabrous, rather thin, 1 foot or more long, }—} in. broad.
Stem including inflorescence 1-2 ft. long, compressed, acutely angled,
branched from below the middle. Branches of the panicle long, corym-
bose ` spathe-valves oblong, membranous, $ in. long, the inner bifid.
Perianth bright red ; tube cylindrical, 4—4 in. long; segments oblanceo-
late, not longer than the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-
segments; anthers oblong.—Handb. Irid. 168. Ovieda erythrantha,

„Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 516, t. 58.
ySouth Central. Congo Free State: Upper Congo ; Katanga, Cornet.

VOL

352 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Lapeyrousia,

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta; Kongoni River,
Kirk, 318! near the River Shire, between its mouth and Morambala Mountain,
Kirk, 16! Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ;
Manganja Hills, Kirk! Waller!

4, L. Sandersoni, Baker, Handb. Irid. 169. Corm ovoid, }—? in.
diam. ; tunics of thick wiry strands. Produced basal leaves 2-3, linear,
erect, moderately firm, 4—1 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad. Stem including the
inflorescence 1-14 ft. long, branched from the middle or below it, com-
pressed and acutely angled, with reduced leaves from the lower forks.
Inflorescence a lax panicle, with long corymbose branches ; spikes 2—4-
flowered ; outer spathe-valve ovate or oblong, submembranous, 4$-} in,
long. Ferianth lilac or whitish ; tube slender, }—4 in. long; segments
oblanceolate, as long as the tube. Stamens and style rather shorter
than the perianth-segments.—F]. Cap. vi. 95.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland; Otjitambe, Belch, 50!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 50! Kondowe to Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte, 338! aud without
precise locality, Buchanan, 426! Rhodesia: Matabeleland, Scott-Elliot ! Leshumo
Valley, Holub, 830! 832! 834!

Also in the Transvaal.

5. L. Welwitschii, Baker, Handb. Irid. 168. Corm ovoid, $ in.
diam., with thick reticulated brown tunics. Produced leaves 2, supra-
basal, narrowly linear, arcuate, 4 ft. long, 1 lin. broad. Stem slender,
terete, flexuose, 8-12 in. long including the inflorescence, branched
from below the middle. Inflorescence a lax panicle with few-flowered
corymbose branchlets; outer spathe-valve ovate, submembranous, § in.
long. Perianth lilac; tube } in. long; segment oblanceolate, as long as
the tube. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth-segments ; anthers
Ze oblong.—Z. abyssinica, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
$ 212.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, 2400-3800 ft., Welwitsch, 1531!

6. L. Bainesii, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 338. Corm not seen.
Leaves 3-4, erect, linear, glabrous, strongly ribbed, 1-14 ft. long.
Stems and branches quadrangular, slightly compressed, 14-2 ft. long
including the inflorescence. Flowers very numerous, “strongly
scented” (Zugard), forming a corymbose panicle, 1-2 at the end of each
branch ` spathe-valves oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, green or
rosy, }-4 in. long. Perianth white, with chocolate spots at the base of
the lower segments ; tube slender, 14 in. long; segments of the limb
oblanceolate, 4 in. long. Stamens shorter than the perianth-segments.
—FI. Cap. vi. 95.

Mozamb. Dist. Ngamiland: between Kobis and Shaw Valley, Baines ,
Kwebe, Lugard, 179! near Bachakuru, Lugard, 242!

Also in South Africa.

7. L. caudata, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Branden, XXX}.
213. Corm globose, 4 in. diam. Produced leaves linear; basal leaves Se
ascending, narrowly linear, firm, glabrous, 6-9 in. long, E mm. broad,
above the base. Stem including the inflorescence 1-1} ft. long, fe -

Lapeyrousia. | CXXXVI. IRIDEX (BAKER). 353

copiously branched from a little above the base. Spikes very lax, few-
flowered; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, green, }-} in. long. Perianth
pale; tube very slender, 14 in. long; segments linear-subulate, half
as long as the tube. Stamens and style very short.—Baker, Handb.
Trid. 172.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland ; near Olukonda, Schinz,
23! Rautanen, 2!

8. L. congesta, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 403. Corm
4 in. diam. ; tunics rigid, cancellate, dark brown. Produced leaf 1,
linear, arising from the base of the spike, 4-5 in. long. Outer spathe-
valve linear-lanceolate, 4-4 in. long. Perianth-tube slender, 4-5 in.
long; segments linear-lanceolate, acute, above 1 in. long. Anthers
ł in. long. Style-branches reaching to the tip of the anthers.
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor.
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

9. L. fragrans, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 272. Corm
ovoid, ? in. diam.; tunics thick, brown, cancellate, produced in stout
bristles above its neck. Basal leaves 2, narrowly linear, rigid, erect,
strongly nerved, 6-8 in. long, 7—4 in. broad. Stem very short,
branched, flattened, acutely angled. Peduncles 1—2-flowered ; spathe-
valves green, lanceolate, the outer 1 in. long. Perianth white, fragrant ;
tube very slender, 4—44 in. long; segments lanceolate, acute, 1 in. long.
Filaments very short ` anthers linear, } in. long. Capsule oblong, 4 in.
long.—Handb. Irid. 172.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region in rocky and stony
places, near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1552!

10. L. edulis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 49. Corm
ovoid; outer tunics reticulate-fibrous. Stem much branched, stout,
erect, glabrous, 3—4 ft. long; branches acutely angled. Leaves 5-6,
superposed, linear, 1-14 ft. long. Flowers copiously panicled; branches
laxly corymbose; spathe-valves lanceolate, acuminate, 1-1} in. long.
Perianth white; tube very slender, 5—6 in. long; segments lanceolate,
l in. long. Stamens half as long as the perianth-segments ; anthers
linear. Style much overtopping the stamens.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland ; west of Olukonda,
Rautanen, 106!

11. L. porphyrosiphon, Baker. Stem stout, acutely angled,
narrowly winged, with several erecto-patent branches, each subtended
bya small linear leaf. Panicle corymbose, 1 ft. long and broad ` spathe-
valves linear, firm, pale green, 1}-2 in. long. Perianth-tube very
slender, 5-6 in. long, tinged with purple ; segments lanceolate, white,
ł in. long. Stamens more than half as long as the perianth-segments ;
anthers large, linear. Style-branches overtopping the anthers. Capsule
subglobose, 4 in. long.

Mozamb, Dist. Ngamiland: Kalahari Desert, near Mamunwe, Lugard, 338 !

VOL, VII. ao

354 CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). | Lapeyrousta.

12. L. odoratissima, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i. 273, t. 36, figs. 2-3. Corm ovoid, 4 in. diam.; tunics rigid, nearly
black, reticulated. Produced basal leaves 2, linear, erect, moderately
firm, 4 ft. long, 4—4} in. broad. Stem simple, very short. Spike dense,
simple, many-flowered; spathe-valves linear, green, herbaceous, the
outer 3-5 in. long. Perianth white, very fragrant; tube cylindrical,
4-5 in. long; segments lanceolate, very acute, 1}-1} in. long. Fila-
ments very short ; anthers linear, } in. long.—Handb. Trid. 173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilila; subtemperate region, among bushes in
sandy and stony places near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1551!

13. L. cyanescens, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 272.
Corm globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics coarsely cancellate. Produced basal
leaves 4, linear, rigid, erect, strongly nerved, 1-14 ft. long, $-§ in.
broad. Stem 1} ft. long including the inflorescence, branched from the
middle, acutely angled. Panicle very long ; spikes 1-2-flowered ; spathe-
valves green, rigid, lanceolate, the outer 14 in. long. Perianth white,
tinged with violet ; tube slender, 4-5 in. long ; segments oblong, 1 m.
long. Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb ; anthers large, linear.
—Handb. hid. 172.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; subtemperate region, hills near Humpata,
in spongy places, Welwitsch, 1553!

14. L. littoralis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 272.
Corm not seen. Stem much branched, 3 in. long, furnished with 2
linear, firm, glabrous leaves below the inflorescence ; rhachis acutely
angled, flexuose ; branches 1—3-flowered ; spathe-valves lanceolate, green,
subequal, 1 in. long. Flower not seen. Capsule obovoid-oblong, 4—4 in.
long.—Handb. Irid. 172.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes, on sandy hills by the seashore, Wel-
witsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

15. L. holostachya, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 391. Corm
ovoid, } in. diam.; tunics of matted fibres, dark brown. Produced
leaves 4—5, contiguous, erect, thin, linear, glabrous, the largest 6-8 1m.
long, }~} in. broad. Stem slender, simple, 1 ft. long. Flowers 4-5, 1m
a very lax simple erect spike; spathe-valves green ; outer the longest,
lanceolate, }-} in. long. Perianth lilac ; tube slender, erect, 1 in. long ;
segments lanceolate, half as long as the tube. Stamens just exserted
from the tube. Style-branches spreading, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, Carson, 14 of
1893 collection !

16. L. cruenta, Baker, Handb. Irid. 173. Corm ovoid, with finely
reticulated fibrous brown tunics. Leaves about 6 in a distichous
rosette, linear, thin, glabrous, $-1 ft. long. Flowers 3-12 mm 4 lax
secund spike ; outer spathe ovate, green, 4—4 in. long. Perianth pale
red; tube slender, cylindrical, 1-14 in. long; segments of the limb
oblong, 4-4 in. long, the three lower with a dark spot at the base.

Lapeyrousia], CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER), 355

Stamens less than half as long as the perianth-segments. Capsule
small, globose.—Fl, Cap. vi. 96, Anomatheca cruenta, Lindl, in Bot.
Reg. t. 1369.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara Mountains, cultivated specimen
Hannington !

Sent alive by Bishop Hannington to Mr. W. Mitten.

Also widely spread in South Africa, `

17. L. grandiflora, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6924. Corm globose,
ł in. diam; tunics of fine parallel fibres. Produced leaves 6-8 in a
rosette, linear, thin, erect, glabrous, 4-1 ft. long, }-4 in. broad.
Peduncle 1 ft. long, terete, simple or once forked; flowers 3-6 in a lax
spike; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, submembranous, }—} in. long,
much exceeding the inner. Perianth bright scarlet ; tube cylindrical,
erect, 1 in. long; segments oblanceolate, obtuse, as long as the tube,
the three lower with a dark blotch. Stamen and style as long as the
perianth-segments. Capsule globose, E in. diam.—Handb. Irid. 173.
Anomatheca grandiflora, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 337.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta; mouth of the
River Luabo, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Sochi, by streams,
Meller ! and without precise locality, Buchanan ! Johnston !

Also at Delagoa Bay.

18. L. Monteiroi, Baker. Corm not seen. Basal leaves 3 ina
rosette, thin, erect, linear, glabrous, 8-10 in. long, } in. broad. Stem
simple, 1—2-flowered, slender, acutely angled, bearing a reduced leaf at
the middle. Spathe-valves green, lanceolate, acuminate, the outer
14-14 in. long. Perianth white; tube slender, 4-4} in. long; seg-
ments oblong, 1 in.long. Filaments short ; anthers large, linear. Style
overtopping the anthers.— Anomatheca angolensis, Baker in Journ. Bot.
1876, 337.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Monteiro !

Described from a dried specimen of a plant that flowered at Kew in 1862.

9. CROCOSMIA, Planch.; Benth, et Hook. f, Gen. PI. iii. 707,

Perianth-tube cylindrical, dilated upwards; segments subequal,
spreading, oblong. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-
tube, unilateral, arcuate; filaments filiform; anthers versatile. Ovary
3-celled ; ovules few in each cell, superposed ; style filiform; branches
spreading, entire, slightly flattened at the tip. Fruit an inflated
globose, 3-lobed capsule, dehiscing loculicidally, with persistent charta-
ceous valves. Seeds few, globose.

Monotypic,

Widely spread in the eastern part of South Africa.

1. C. aurea, Planch. in Flore des Serres, t. 702. Rootstock a
moderately large globose corm, with brown membranous tunics.

356 €XXXVI. IRIDEX (RAKER). . [Crocosmia.

Basal leaves about 6 in a distichous rosette, linear or ensiform, erect,
moderately firm, 1-1} ft. long, 4—1 in. broad at the middle. Stem
including the inflorescence 2—4 ft. long, simple or much branched,
Flowers few, in a lax spike; rhachis flexuose; spathe-valves ovate,
subequal, green or brownish, }—} in. long, the inner bifid at the tip.
Perianth bright orange-yellow ; tube 3-1 in. long; segments 1-14 in,
long, finally spreading or reflexing. Stamens and style as long as the
perianth-segments. Capsule 4 in. diam.—Klotzsch in Peters, Reise
Mossamb. Bot. 516; Baker, Handb. Irid. 189; Tritonia aurea, Pappe
ex Hook. in Bot. Reg. t. 4335; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 61; Croc-
anthus mossambicensis, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. t. 57.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ugogo, Hannington! Usambara;
Lutindi, Holst, 3234! Magila, 900 ft., Kirk! Mountains east of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson! Portuguese East Africa: Boror, Peters. British Central Africa: Nyasa-
land ; Nyika Plateau, 6000-7000 ft., Whyte! top of Mount Zomba, Buchanan, 292!
and without precise locality, Buchanan, 724!

Also in South Africa,

10, TRITONIA, Ker; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 708.

Perianth-tube short or long, cylindrical, dilated towards the top;
segments obovate or oblong, subequal or unequal. Stamens unilateral,
arcuate, parallel, inserted near the top of the perianth-tube ; filaments
filiform; anthers linear or oblong, usually versatile. Ovary 3-celled ;
ovules many, superposed ; style filiform, with 3 entire short spreading
clavate branches. Capsule small, oblong, membranous, loculicidally
3-valved. Seeds small, globose, or angled by pressure.—Rootstock a
corm with fibrous or reticulated tunics. Leaves forming a distichous
basal rosette, usually linear. Spikes simple or panicled. Spathe-valves
short, membranous in part; outer valve oblong, entire; inner bifid at
the tip. Flowers comparatively small, red, white, or yellow.

Species 35, the others all South African.

Perianth-segments subequal, oblong or lanceolate.

Leaves ;4,—} in. broad . : : : . 1. T. mensensis.
Leaves 4—4} in. broad . : : ; S . 2. T. laxifolia.
Leaves about 1 in. broad.
Spathe-valves smal] S é S ; . 3. T, cinnabarina,
Spathe-valves large . : S : “ . 4 T. tigrina.
Perianth-segments unequal, unguiculate : . 5. T. bongensis.

1. T. mensensis, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 86.
Corm small, subglobose ; tunics of reticulated fibres. Lower leaves 3,
approximate, suprabasal, narrowly linear, 16-20 in. long, 1-5 1:
broad, Stem 20-30 in. long, bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Spike lax,
2~8-flowered ; spathe-valves lanceolate-cuspidate, subequal. Perianth
rose-red or white; tube funnel-shaped, 4 in. long; segments oblong,
subequal, nearly 1 in. long. Style-branches overtopping the anthers.
Capsule obovoid-oblong, } in. long.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Mensa; Geleb, 7000 ft., Sckweinfurth, 1188! 1522.

Tritonia]. CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). 357

2. T. laxifolia, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 708. Corm globose, 3-1 in.
diam.; tunics of fine matted reticulated fibres. Leaves 4-6 in a
distichous basal rosette, erect, linear, moderately firm, finely veined,
3-1 ft. long, }-1 in. broad. Stem including the inflorescence 1-2 ft.
long, usually simple. Spikes lax, 6—12-flowered; outer spathe-valve
oblong, brownish, 4-4 in. long. Perianth bright red; tube rather
longer than the spathe, funnel-shaped in the upper half; segments
oblong, subequal, as long as the tube. Stamens a little shorter than the
perianth-limb ; anthers large, linear.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 195. Mont-
bretia laxifolia, Klatt in Linnea, xxxii. 754; Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
xxix, 155.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: in quantities by hedges, 4000 ft., Speke
d Grant! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; plateau of Mount Zomba, 5000-
6000 ft., Whyte !

Also in South Africa.

3. T. cinnabarina, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 152. Corm globose,
above 4 in. diam. Produced leaves suprabasal, ensiform, thin, glabrous,
falcate, 13-2 ft. long, 1 in. broad. Stem slightly ancipitous, shorter
than the leaves. Panicle lax; branches few, ascending, few-flowered ;
Spathe-valves triangular, subscariose, slightly unequal, }—} in. long.
Perianth cinnabar-red, above 4 in. long; segments slightly unequal,
oblong or lanceolate, acute, twice as long as the tube. Stamens shorter

than the perianth-limb. Capsule obtusely angled, under 4 in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Catala Canginga, Teuscz, 573.
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

4. T. tigrina, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 152. Produced leaves supra-
basal, ensiform, rigid, with thickened stramineous ribs and margin,
the longest above 1 ft. long, nearly 1 in. broad. Stem simple,
slightly angled, 2-3 ft. long. Spike simple, lax, many-flowered ;
Spathe-valves lanceolate, subherbaceous, rather shorter than the
perianth. Perianth spotted, 1 in. long; tube slightly curved, funnel-
shaped at the apex; segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, subequal, as
long as the tube. Stamens shorter than the perianuth-limb ; anthers
linear, } in. long. Style as long as the stamens.

Lower Guinea. Angola: between Janza and Malange, Pogge, 431.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

5. T. bongensis, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv..153. Corm globose,
about 1 in. diam. Produced leaves 2, suprabasal, ensiform, erect,
glabrous, strongly ribbed, 1 ft. long, above } in. broad at the middle,
narrowed gradually to the base and apex. Stem 1 ft. long, including
the simple spike, bearing 2-3 much-reduced leaves. Spike lax, 3-6 in.
long ` spathe subscariose, brownish, § in. long; outer valve oblong.
Perianth red-purple; tube cylindrical, nearly twice as long as the
spathe ; segments of the limb oblong-unguiculate, the upper larger than
the others, (4 in. long) and arcuate. Stamens as long as the perianth.—
Baker, Handb. Irid. 196.

i Mile Land. Bongo, by the River Lesi, Schweinfurth, 4025 !

358 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). | Acidanthera.

11. ACIDANTHERA, Hochst.; Benth. et Hook, f. Gen. Pl. iii. 706.

Perianth-tube usually long, cylindrical, slightly dilated upwards ;
segments subequal, spreading, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong. Stamens
unilateral, contiguous, inserted at or a little below the throat of the
perianth-tube; filaments filiform ; anthers linear, with the connective
sometimes produced a little beyond the cells. Ovary 3-celled ; ovules
many, superposed ; style long, filiform; branches short, flattened in
the upper half. Capsule oblong, membranous, loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds globose or discoid.—Rootstock a tunicated corm. Leaves linear,
forming a distichous rosette. Flowers few, laxly spicate. Spathe-
valves long, green, lanceolate.

Species 18, the others all South African,
Limb spotted with purple at the throat,

Produced leaves 3—4. ` í ` > é . LL A, bicolor.
Produced leaves many . : S ` S . 2, A. equinoctialis.
Limb concolorous at the throat.
Perianth-tube 2 in. long . k S f S . 3. A. gracilis.
Perianth-tube 23-3 in. long.
Perianth-segments oblanceolate, 4 in. long 4. A. unicolor.
Perianth-segments oblong, 1 in, long 5. A. ukambanensis.
Perianth-tube 3—4 in. long.
Perianth-segments oblong 6. A. laxiflora.
Perianth-segments ovate 7. A. candida,
Perianth-tube 4-5 in. long 8. A. Gunnisi.

1. A. bicolor, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 25. Corm globose, 1 in.
diam.; tunics brown, formed of matted fibres, reticulated upwards.
Produced leaves 3—4 ; two basal, erect, linear, moderately firm, glabrous,
}-1 ft. long, }-} in. broad. Stem simple, 1-1} ft. long, not angled,
bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Spike simple, very lax, 2—4-flowered ;
outer spathe-valve lanceolate, green, herbaceous, 2—3 in. long. Perianth-
tube slender, 4-5 in. long; segments oblong, acute, 1} in. long, the three
lower with a large oblong dark purple spot at the base. Stamens
nearly as long as the perianth-limb ; anthers linear, } in. long.—Bouché
& Wittm. in Berlin. Monatsschr. xix. 12, t. 1 ; Baker, Handb. Trid. 188 ;
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 175. Ixia quartiniana, A. Rich. Tent.
Fl. Abyss. ii. 310. Spherospora gigantea, Klatt in Linnea, XXXIV. 699.

Nile Land, Eritrea: Keren, 6500-7500 ft., Steudner,429. Abyssinia : Shire,
Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 112! Sana ; plain of Mount Walcha, Schimper, 1634! and
without precise locality, Schimper, 434! Somaliland: Daimoli Peak, 4000 ft.
Aylmer !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 5!

2. A. equinoctialis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 160. Corm
globose, 14 in. diam ; tunics of reticulated matted fibres. Stem erect,
3-4 ft. long. Leaves many, superposed, ensiform, strongly veined,
glabrous, 1-1} ft. long. Flowers 3-6 in a very lax simple distichous
spike; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, foliaceous, 3-4 in. long m the

Acidanthera. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 359

lower flowers. Perianth-tube cylindrical, curved at the top, 5-6 in.
long ; limb 2 in. diam. ; segments ovate, cuspidate, subequal, white, all
furnished with an ovate or lanceolate dark purple spot at the base.
Stamens and style arcuate, much shorter than the perianth-segments,—
Bot. Mag. t. 7393. Gladiolus equinoctialis, Herb. in Lindl. Bot. Reg.
1842, Mise. 85.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone: in crevices of bare gneiss rocks near the
summit of Sugarloaf Mountain, 3000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 3954! Donovan ! and without
precise locality, Don,

Introduced into cultivation by Captain Donovan in 1893.

3. A. gracilis, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 154. Corm small, globose.
Produced leaves 2-3, narrowly linear, firm, erect, 3—4 in. long, $ in.
broad. Stem simple, slender, under 1 ft. long, 1—2-flowered ; outer
spathe-valve lanceolate, green, 11-1} in. long. Perianth white, tinged
outside with red; tube slender, 2 in. long, scarcely dilated at the apex ;
segments ovate, 1 in. long, not spotted at the throat. Stamens
and style reaching halfway up the perianth-limb.—A. zanzibarica,
Baker, Handb. Irid. 188. -

Wile Land, British East Africa: near Mombasa, in heavy soil amongst grass
Hildebrandt, 2015! Ukamba, Scott-Elliot, 2351 !

4. A. unicolor, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss, No. 2304. Corm
ovoid, 4 in. diam.; tunics brown, strongly reticulated. Produced
leaves 3, suprabasal, superposed, linear, moderately firm, glabrous,
6-9 in. long, + in. broad. Stem slender, 1 ft. long, not angled, simple
or branched. Spikes very lax, 2?-3-flowered ; outer spathe-valve green,
herbaceous, lanceolate, 4 in. long. Perianth white ; tube slender,
23-3 in. long; segments oblanceolate, 4 in. long, without any purple
spot at the base. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-limb.—
Baker, Handb. Irid. 188 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 175. Tritonia
Schimperi, Aschers. & Klatt in Linnea, xxxiv. 697.

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Tigre; near Goelleb on the River Tacazze, in woods
and thickets, 4000 ft., Schimper, 2304!

5. A. ukambanensis, Baker. Corm small. Produced leaves 3
linear, erect, grass-like, glabrous, the lowest 7-8 in. long, 4 in. broad
the others smaller. Stem slender, 1-1} ft. long. Spike simple, lax
few-flowered ; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lower outer 2 in. long
Perianth-tube 3 in. long, funnel-shaped in the upper third ; limb white
I in. long, not spotted at the throat. Stamens shorter than the
perianth-limb.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba, on rocks, 5000-6000 ft., Scott-
Elliot, 6434!

6. A. laxiflora, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 850
Corm globose, 4 in. diam.; tunics of matted fibres, reticulated upwards.
Produced leaves 3, suprabasal, linear, moderately firm, p-o in. long,
4-4 in. broad. Perianth white; tube slender to the apex, 3—4 in. long ;

360 CXXXVI. IRIDEH (BAKER). | Acidanthera.

segments oblong, white, 1 in. long, not spotted at the throat. Stamens
reaching halfway up the perianth-limb. Capsule clavate, 1 in. long.—
Handb. Irid. 188.

Wile Land. British East Atrica: Taita; Maungu Mountain, 2000 ft., Johnston !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 3500 ft.,
Volkens, 2131 !

7. A. candida, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 404. Corm
globose, Ä in. diam.; tunics coarsely reticulated upwards. Produced
leaves 2, linear, rigid, about 1 ft. long. Stem stiffly erect, simple,
1-14 ft. long, bearing 1 reduced leaf. Spathe lax, 2—4-flowered ; outer
spathe-valve linear-lanceolate, green with a purplish base, 2-24 in. long.
Perianth white; tube slender, 34-4 in. long; segments ovate, about
l in. long. Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb.

Nile Land. British East Africa: AthifPlains, at Lanjoro, Gregory.

No specimen at Kew.

8. A. Gunnisi, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1898, 31. Corm globose,
above } in. diam. ; outer tunics pale brown, finely reticulated. Produced
leaves generally 3 from near the base of the stem, narrowly linear, as
long as the stem, rigid, AL in. broad, with a prominent midrib. Stem
simple, rather compressed, 24 ft. long, bearing several reduced leaves
upwards. Spathe lax, 3-4-flowered ; outer spathe-valves linear, 14-2 in.
long, greenish tinged with red. Perianth white or faintly tinged with
rose-purple ; tube 4-5 in. long; segments of the limb ovate, 13-1} in.
long. Stamens half as long as the perianth-segments.

Wile Land. Somaliland; Waggar Mountains, alt. 6500 ft., Mrs. Lort-Phillips !
Daimoli Mountain, Gillet 4 Alymer.

12. GLADIOLUS, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 709.

Perianth-tube funnel-shaped, straight or curved ; segments more or
less unequal, the upper one of the outer row the largest. Stamens
inserted at or near the throat of the perianth-tube, unilateral, parallel,
contiguous, arcuate ; filaments filiform ; anthers linear, basifixed. Ovary
oblong, 3-celled ; ovules many, superposed ` style long, filiform, arcuate ;
style-branches short, spreading, flattened and cuneate at the stigmatose
tip, entire. Capsule oblong, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose or
flattened and winged.—Rootstock a tunicated corm. Leaves linear or
ensiform, rarely subterete, distichous. Inflorescence spicate, simple or
branched ; spathe-valves usually lanceolate, green. Flowers very various
in size and colour.

Species 150, the others South African, and spread through Central Europe and
the Mediterranean and Oriental regions.

*EUGLADIOLUS. Perianth-segments not unguiculate.

tLeaves narrow. Flowers small,
Spikes not secund. :
Leaves with short free points . . i . 1. G. Melleri.

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER).

Leaves long.
Perianth 1 in. long . : i S e
Perianth 14 in. long : `
Spikes secund.
Upper segments not cucullate
Upper segments cucullate.
Leaves subulate : e : . :
Leaves linear, very short,
Upper segments twice as long as the tube.
Reduced leaves 2 to a stem
Reduced leaves several to a stem
Upper segments longer than the tube
Upper segments as long as the tube
Leaves linear, long.
Leaves pubescent : 5 - S
Leaves glabrous. 2
Leaves ~; in. broad .
Leaves ZA in. broad,
Perianth 1-14 in. long.
Perianth dark purple :
Perianth lilac :
Perianth yellow
Perianth 13-2 in. long.
Reduced stem-leaf1 .
Reduced stem-leaves 6-9
Leaves 3-4 in. broad.
Limb as long as the tube 5 :
Limb much longer than the tube .
ttLeaves narrow. Flowers large.
Upper perianth segments not cucullate.
Perianth white.

Stamens much shorter than the upper segments.
Stem leaves 3 ; : - .
Stem leaves 6-8 . : : : .

Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments.

Perianth pink . . e : ` -
Perianth 2-2} in. long -
Perianth 3-4 in. long

Perianth pale yellow.

Perianth-segments oblong

Perianth-segments ovate . :

Upper perianth-segments cucullate.

Perianth whitish i : : e
Perianth yellow . . S : .
Perianth bright red. e

tttLeaves comparatively broad. Flowers small.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth
Stamens distinctly shorter than the perianth
tHttLeaves comparatively broad, Flowers large.
Upper segments not cucullate,
Perianth pink . e . ` ° S
Perianth bright red.
Perianth 13-2 in, long :
Perianth 3 in. long . S . .
Upper segments cucullate.

— 18.

. 19.

361

G. Buchanani,
G. laxiflorus,

G. tritonioides.

G. gracillimus.

. G. aphanophyllus,
. Q, Whytei.
, G. atropurpureus.

G. caerulescens,

G. pubescens,

. G. zambesiacus,

. G. luridus.
. G, masukuensis,
. G. gregarius,

. G. zanguebaricus.
. G. venulosus,

. G, brevicaulis.

G. Hanningtoni,

G. Grantii.

. G. nyikensis,

21. G. erectiflorus,

. 82,
. 33.

. G. caudatus.
. G. oligophlebius.

. G. pauciflorus.
. G. luteolus.

. G. corneus.

. G. Newit.

. G. splendidus.
. G. multiflorus.

. G. spicatus.

. G. brachyandrus,

G. benguellensis.
G. decoratus.

362 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Gladiolus:

Leaves short . GE 2 ` . 34. G. sulphureus.
Leaves long.
Leaves 4—2 in. broad : 5 : - . 35. G. quartinianus,

Leaves 1-1} in. broad,
Stamens rather shorter than the upper segments 36. G. Buettneri.
Stamens a third the length of the upper seg-

ments . se : S . 87. Œ. Johnstoni.
**HEBEA, Perianth-segments all distinctly ungui-
culate.
Spathe-valves oblong-cuspidate . é : - . 88, OG Thomsoni,

Spathe-valves acute.
Leaves with only short free tips.

Stem flexuose . : . : x i . 39. G. flexuosus.
Stem not flexuose.
Perianth-segments obtuse . : : : . 40. G. unguiculatus.
Perianth-segments cuspidate . : : . 41. G. Oatesii.
Leaves long . d 4 i ` A > . 42. G. edulis.

1. G. Melleri, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 334. Corm medium-
sized, globose. Produced leaf rigid, linear, strongly ribbed, 1 ft. long,
jin! broad. Stem terete, moderately stout, bearing several reduced
leaves with short free linear points. Spikes very lax, not secund, 6—12-
flowered ` outer spathe-valve green, lanceolate, acuminate, 1—14 in. long.
Perianth red, 18—21 lin. long, suberect ; tube narrowly funnel-shaped,
shorter than the limb; upper segments oblong-cuneate, obtuse, 1 1n.
long; 3 lower as broad, but rather shorter, also obtuse. Stamens dis-
tinctly shorter than the upper segments. Capsule clavate-oblong,
3-1 in. long.—Handb. Irid. 212.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua; Namuli Hills, Last?
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, Meller! Waller! at the foot
of Mpimbe Hill, 3000 ft., Kirk! Mount Mlanje, Whyte! Shibisa (Chikwawa) to
Tshinmuze, 2000-4000 ft., Kirk! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1333!
Matabeleland, Oates !

2. G. Buchanani, Baker, Handb. Irid. 212. Corm small, globose.
Produced leaves 3-4, linear, glabrous, moderately firm, 1-14 ft. long,
4-4 in. broad. Stem moderately stout, terete, 14 ft. long, bearing 2
reduced leaves. Spike lax, equilateral, 3—4 in. long; flowers erecto-
patent; spathe-valves oblong-lanceolate, subscariose, the lower 1 in. long.
Perianth pale red, 1 in. long; tube funnel-shaped, nearly straight ;
upper segments oblong, obtuse, as long as the tube; lower smaller.
cray nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers linear, 3 in.
ong.

Mozamb. Dist, British Central Africa: Nyasaland; on the top of Mount
Direndi, near Blantyre, 5000 ft., Buchanan, 140! .

3. G. laxiflorus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 268.
Corm globose, A 3 in. diam.; tunics brown, membranous. Leaves
linear, rigid, glabrous, falcate, 6—15 in. long, }—4 in. broad, with thickened
stramineous midrib and edges, Stem 1 ft. long, simple or forked.
Spikes very lax, few-flowered, not secund ; outer spathe-valve green,

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). 363

oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 4—3 in. long in the lower flowers.
Perianth light rose-purple, 14 in. long; tube curved, broadly funnel-
shaped, } in. long; upper segments oblong, obtuse, twice as long as the
tube; 3 lower scarcely different. Stamens rather shorter than the
segments. Capsule obovoid-oblong, 2 in. long —Handb. Irid. 211;
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 177.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; grassy swamps near the Lopollo Brook,
Welwitsch, 1536!

4. G. tritonioides, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 74. Corm not
seen. Stem 14-2 ft. long including the inflorescence, simple or forked
from the middle, terete, moderately stout, bearing only 2—3-superposed
leaves with short rigid linear free points, the longest 3—4 in. long, } in.
broad. Spike secund, 6-8 in. long, very lax in the lower part; upper
outer spathe-valves oblong; lower green, lanceolate, 4—3 in. long.
Perianth 14 in. long, apparently pink or pale lilac; tube curved,
narrowly funnel-shaped, 4 in. long; segments oblong, subequal, acute,
l in. long, 4 in. broad. Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, Carson, 37 of 1893
collection !

5. G. gracillimus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 74. Corm very
small, globose; tunics of reticulated strong fibres. Stem very slender,
terete, 1-1} ft. long, bearing only 2 leaves above the middle with long
sheaths and rigid subulate free tips 2-3 in. long. Spike secund, few-
flowered, 2-3 in. long; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, green, rigid, 4 in.
long in the lower flowers. Perianth pale lilac, ?-1 in. long; tube
curved, narrowly funnel-shaped, } in. long; upper segments oblong,
acute, twice as long as the tube; lower as long, but rather narrower.
Stamens half as long as the limb; anthers linear, $ in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 118 of
1893 collection !

6. G. aphanophyllus, Baker. Corm small, globose; tunics of
parallel fibres, reticulated upwards. Stem slender, terete, }—1 ft. long,
bearing above the middle only 2 sheathing leaves with very short erect
linear free tips. Spike lax, secund, 3 in. long; spathe-valves lanceo-
late, green or subscariose, the lower $ in. long. Perianth white,
under 1 in. long; tube slender, curved, } in. long; upper segments
oblong, obtuse, cucullate, twice as long as the tube; 3 lower as long,
oblanceolate. Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers
linear, as long as the filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Tanganyika Platcau,
Carson !

7. G. Whytei, Baker. Corm globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics of
thick parallel strands. Produced root-leaves none. Stem slender,
terete, 1 ft. long; sheaths several, with short free tips. Spike secund,
reaching a length of 4-1 ft. ; bracts firm, the upper oblong, the lower
lanceolate-navicular, 3-1 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 4 in. long;

364 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Gladiolus.

3 upper segments cucullate, oblong, obtuse, $—3 in. long; lower as long
or a little longer, with a small blade and long slender claw. Stamens
nearly as long as the upper segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ` Mount Zomba and Mount
Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

8. G. atropurpureus, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 335. Corm
globose, ł in. diam.; tunics of parallel fibres, reticulated upwards.
Leaves about 3, superposed, with very short linear rigid free tips
adpressed to the stem. Stem slender, terete, 1-1} ft. long. Spike
lax, secund, 2-6 in. long; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, }—? in. long.
Perianth bright dark purple, 1 in. long; tube curved, narrowly funnel-
shaped, 4 in. long; upper segments obovate, obtuse, longer than the
tube; 3 lower oblanceolate, with a long distinct claw. ‘Stamens nearly
as long as the upper segments. Capsule clavate, oblong, }—{ in. long.
Seeds broadly winged.—Handb. Irid. 211.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, 1800-3000 ft.,
Kirk ! British Central Africa: Manganja Hills, Waller ! Mount Sochi, Scott-Elliot,
8551! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mount Zomba and vicinity 2500-
3500 ft., Whyte !

9. G. ceerulescens, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 267.
Corm globose, 4—2 in. diam.; tunics of strong fibres. Produced leaves
1-2, rigid, linear, suprabasal; free blade 3—4 in. long, Ae in. broad.
Stem very slender, terete, 1-1} ft. long, with 2-3 reduced sheathing
leaves above the middle. Flowers 2-3 in a lax, secund spike; outer
spathe-valve oblong, green, 4—2 in. long. Perianth dull purple, 1 1m.
long; tube curved ; limb as long as the tube; upper segments oblong,
with a cuneate base, }-} in. broad ; 3 lower narrower. Stamens nearly
as long as the limb.—Handb. Irid. 211.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1537!

10. G. pubescens, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 154. Corm small,
globose. Leaves all densely pubescent on both sides; lower linear,
1 ft. long, $ in. broad; upper reduced. Stem terete, 2-2} ft. long,
including the spike. Spike simple, secund, 8-10-flowered, 8-10 1m.
long ; spathe-valves lanceolate, acuminate, scariose, glabrous, about 1 im.
long. Perianth violet-purple, above 1 in. long; limb twice as long as
the funnel-shaped tube; upper segments oblong, obtuse ; lower narrow
and rather shorter. Stamens half as long as the limb.

Lower Guinea. Angola: near Malange, Teuscz, 280.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

11. G. zambesiacus, Baker, Handb. Irid. 212. Corm small,
globose; tunics of fine parallel fibres. Produced leaves 3, narrowly `
linear, moderately firm, glabrous; the lower above 1 ft. long, rz ™
broad. Stem very slender, 1-1} ft. long. Spike very lax, secund,
3-4 in. long; outer spathe-valves lanceolate, brown, A-Z in. long.
Perianth pale purple, 1 in. long; tube curved, } in. long; upper

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI. IRIDEX (BAKER). 365

segments oblong, cuneate, twice as long as the tube. Stamens nearly
as long as the upper segments ` anthers linear, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: mountains east of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson ! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; near Blantyre, Last /

12. G. luridus, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
267. Corm globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics of parallel fibres, reticulated
upwards. Produced leaves 3—4, narrowly linear, erect, firm, 1 ft. long,
$ in. broad. Stem slender, terete, 1 ft. long, bearing 2 reduced leaves.
Spike very lax, secund, 1 ft. long, 10—12-flowered ; outer spathe-valves
oblong-lanceolate, green, Ä 3 in. long. Perianth dull purple, 1 in. long,
tube curved ; upper segment as long as the tube, oblong, obtuse, with a
cuneate base, }—} in. broad ; lower segments smaller, with a narrow
claw. Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments.—Handb.
Irid. 211.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region near Lopollo, in maize
fields, Welwitsch, 1533 !

13. G. masukuensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 283. Corm
not seen. Root-leaves linear, rigid, glabrous, 14 ft. long, } in. broad,
with thickened stramineous veins and margins. Stem above 1 ft. long,
sometimes forked, bearing a few reduced leaves. Spike lax, secund,
6-9 in. long; outer spathe-valves firm, green, oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, }-1 in. long. Perianth lilac, 1 in. long; tube short, much
curved ; upper segments oblong, obtuse, conspicuously cucullate, ł in.
long; lower rather shorter, with a small brown-black claw and a long
narrow blade. Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Masuku Mountains,
Whyte!

Described from specimens grown in a garden at Zomba.

14. G. gregarius, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 268. Corm globose, 4-3 in. diam. ; tunics of fine fibres. Leaves
5—6, sub-basal, linear, firm, glabrous, 6—9 in. long, $-4 in. broad. Stem
1-1} ft. long, bearing a few reduced leaves. Spike simple, secund,
moderately dense, 10—12-flowered ; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, firm,
greenish-brown, 1 in. long in the lower flowers. Perianth yellow,
1-1} in. long, with two small violet marks at the throat; tube curved,
broadly funnel-shaped, Ä in. long; upper segments oblong, obtuse, as
long as the tube ; lower narrower with a narrow claw. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth-limb; anthers } in. long.—Handb. Irid. 210.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; on the higher rocks of Serra de
Pedras de Guinga, in tufts of 4-10 plants, Welwitsch, 1528!

15. G. zanguebaricus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 282, under
G. venulosus. Corm not seen. Produced leaves 3, linear, suprabasal,
moderately firm, the lower 6-9 in. long, } in. broad, the ribs and edges
not thickened. Stem very slender, terete, 1 ft. long, bearing 1 reduced
leaf. Spike lax, secund, 5-6-flowered; outer spathe-valves green,
lanceolate, t in. long in the lower flowers. Perianth bright pink,

366 CXXXVI. IRIDEÆ (BAKER). [ Gladiolus.

13-2 in. long; tube slender, rather curved, shorter than the limb;
upper segments oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, 1-1} in. long, }—} in. broad ;
lower as long, but narrower. Stamens } in. shorter than the upper
segments.—G@. Kirkii, Baker, Handb. Irid. 222, not in Gard. Chron.
1890, viii. 524.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk !

16. G. venulosus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 282. Corm
small, globose. Stem slender, 1} ft. long, with 6-9 streaths with rather
long, narrowly linear, erect, free tips. Spike lax, secund, 3-6 in. long;
lower outer spathe-valves lanceolate, 1-1} in. long. Perianth-tube
slightly curved, 4 in. long; upper segments oblong, subacute, not
cucullate, 1} in. long, beautifully veined with claret-purple on a white
ground; 3 lower nearly as large. Stamens rather more than half as
long as the perianth-limb. Capsule oblong, ? in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Tanganyika Plateau, at
Fort Hill, 8500-4000 ft., Whyte! Mesuku Plateau, 6500-7000 ft., Whyte !

17. G. brevicaulis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 267.
Corm globose. 1 in. diam. ; tunics finely fibrous. Leaves linear, firm,
glabrous ; the lower 4-1 ft. long, }-4 in. broad. Stem slender, terete,
6-8 in. long, with 1-2 reduced leaves. Spathe lax, secund, 6-9 in. long,
many-flowered ; outer spathe-valve oblong, green, 4—} in. long in the lower
flowers. Perianth violet-purple, 1 in. long; tube curved, narrowly
funnel-shaped; limb as long as the tube; upper segments oblong-
spathulate, obtuse; 3 lower smaller, with narrower claws. Stamens a
little shorter than the upper segments; anthers } in. long—Handb.
Irid. 211; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 177.

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo; Stanleypool, Büttner, 517. Angola: Huilla ;

subtemperate region between Lopollo and Humpata, 3800-5500 ft., in damp sandy
pastures, Welwitsch, 1534!

18. G. Hanningtoni, Baker, Handb. Irid. 212. Corm not seen.
Produced leaves 4—5, sub-basal, linear, moderately firm, the longest
1 ft. long, }-4 in. broad. Stem 9-12 in. long, bearing 2-3 reduced
sheathing leaves. Spike dense, secund, 4—1 ft. long; spathe-valves
lanceolate, rigid, imbricate, the lower 1-14 in. long. Perianth dark
red-purple, 1-14 in. long ; tube slender, 4—4 in. long ; limb horizontai,
nearly 1 in. long; upper segments oblong, obtuse, } in. broad; 3
lower as long, but narrower, with a narrow claw. Stamens nearly as
long as the. perianth-limb ; anthers linear, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa, Hannington! British Central Africa :
Urungu ; Abercorn, Carson, 24 of 1893 collection! between Lake Tanganyika and
Lake Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nutt! North Nyasaland, Nicholson !

_ 19. G. Grantii, Baker, Handb. Irid. 206. Corm globose, 1 in.
diam. ; tunics of parallel strands of matted fibres. Produced leaves 3,
linear, suprabasal, moderately firm, the lowest under 1 ft. long, A in.
broad low down. Stem slender, terete, 2-3 ft. long. Spike lax, secund,
6-8-flowered, 6-8 in. long; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lower

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). 367

outer 2 in. long. Perianth yellowish (Grant), 24 in. long; tube 1 in.
long, cylindrical in the lower half, curved ; segments oblanceolate-oblong;
the 3 upper not at all cucullate, E in. broad; the 3 lower as long,
similar. Stamens distinctly shorter than the upper segments ; anthers
linear, 4 in. long.—G. angustus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 154,
not of Linn.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: by hedges and watery places, 4000 ft.,
Speke & Grant !

20. G. nyikensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 283. Corm
small, globose. Stem slender, 1 ft. long, bearing 6-8 superposed,
narrowly linear, firm, erect leaves, the lowest 1 ft. long, } in. broad.
Spike moderately lax, 3-6 in. long; spathe-valves lanceolate, purple,
1-1} in. long. Perianth-tube curved, funnel-shaped, } in. long; limb
creamy-white, veined with red, and tinged with pink; upper segments
oblong, subacute, not cucullate, 14 in. long; lower not much smaller.
Stamens not reaching halfway up the perianth-limb.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau, 6000-
7000 ft., Whyte ! between Mpata and Tanganyika Plateau, 2000-3000 ft., Whyte !

21. G. erectiflorus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 293. Corm
medium-sized. Produced leaves 2-3, linear, rigid, glabrous, 1-1} ft.
long, } in. broad, with thickened stramineous midrib and edges. Stem
slender, terete, 1 ft. long, bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Spike lax,
equilateral, 4-5 in. long ; flowers erect ` spathe-valves lanceolate, sub-
scariose, brownish, the lower 1-14 in. long. Perianth 2-2} in. long,
white, veined and flushed with bright purple; tube slender, nearly
straight, 1 in. long; upper segments oblanceolate-oblong, subobtuse,
not cucullate, lower narrower, with a long claw. Stamens nearly as long
as the upper segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Liendwe, south of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 1 of 1894 collection !

22. G., caudatus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 74. Corm not
seen. Produced leaves 3—4, suprabasal, linear, erect, moderately firm,
the longest 1 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad. Stem very slender, simple, terete,
1-1} in. long including the spike. Spike lax, erect, few-flowered, not
secund; outer spathe-valves lanceolate, green, 1-1} in. long. Perianth
pink, 2-21 in. long; tube scarcely curved, narrowly funnel-shaped,
under 1 in. long; segments of the limb oblong-lanceolate, caudate.
Stamens more than half as long as the limb; anthers linear, $ in.
long.

Mozamb. Dist.
1893 collection !

Nearly allied to G. oligophlebius.

British Central Africa: Urungu ; Abercorn, Carson, 19 of

23. G. oligophlebius, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 73. Corm
not seen. Produced leaves 4—5, linear, erect, moderately firm, 1-14 ft.
long, }-} in. broad ; veins and edges not thickened. Stem slender,

368 CXXXVI. IRIDE# (BAKER). [ Gladiolus,

terete, simple, including the spike about as long as the leaves. Spike
very lax, not secund, few-flowered, 4—6 in. long ; flowers suberect ; outer
spathe-valves firm, green, lanceolate, 14-2 in. long in the lower flowers,
Perianth pale-pink, 3—4 in. long; tube narrowly funnel-shaped, scarcely
at all curved, 1 in. long; segments of the limb subequal, oblong-
lanceolate, 2-24 in. long, acute, 4 in. broad at the middle. Stamens
half as long as the perianth-limb ; anthers linear, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Lake Tanganyika and Lake
Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nutt! British Central Africa: Urungu; Abercorn, Carson, 25
of 1893 collection! Fwambo, 5250 ft., Nutt! Nyasaland; Mount Mlanje, Scott-
Elliot, 8673 !

24. G. pauciflorus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 350.
Corm medium-sized. Produced leaves 3-4, suprabasal, moderately firm,
linear, glabrous, the lower 1 ft. long, } in. broad. Stem moderately
stout, terete, 2-3 ft. long, bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Spike lax, few-
flowered, not secund, 6-8 in. long ; spathe-valves lanceolate, green, the
lower outer 14 in.long. Perianth pale yellow, 3 in. long; tube narrowly
funnel-shaped, curved, 18-21 lin. long; segments oblong, subacute,
1} in. long, the upper 3} in. broad, not cucullate, the lower narrower.
Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers linear, $ in.
long.—Handb, Irid. 206.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lower slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro,
2000-3000 ft., Johnston !

25. G. luteolus, Klatt in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 515. Corm
under 4 in. diam. Leaves linear, the longest 2—24 ft. long, } in. broad,
those above and below it much reduced. Stem including inflorescence
3 ft. long. Spike distichous, with alternate flowers; spathe-valves
linear, equal, 1 in. long. Perianth yellowish ; tube curved, 14 in. long;
segments ovate, acute, the upper 1 in. long, the 3 lower smaller.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; in woods near
Boror, Peters.

26. G. corneus, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 155, t. 100. Corm
globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics brown, membranous. Produced leaves 3,
linear, rigid, suprabasal, glabrous, 6-9 in. long, }-4 in. broad. Stem
moderately stout, terete, 2 ft. long. Spike simple, few-flowered, very
lax; rhachis very flexuose; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lowest
outer 3-4 in. long. Perianth 2-24 in. long, transparent, horn-coloured
(Grant); tube curved, narrowly funnel-shaped, .1 in. long; upper
segments cucullate, obovate, with a small distinct cusp; lower oblong,
deflexed. Stamens much shorter than the upper segment; anthers
linear, 4 in. long.— Baker, Handb. Irid. 222.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Simbah, 4000 ft. in
rather moist places, Speke & Grant!

_ 27. G. Neen, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 334. Corm medium-
sized, globose. Produced leaves 3—4, firm, linear, the lower 1-1} ft.

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 369

long, 4-4 in. broad, with a thick stramineous midrib and edges. Stem
moderately stout, terete, 14 ft. long, bearing 1 reduced leaf, Spike lax,
few-flowered ; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lower 2 in. long.
Perianth bright yellow, 3-34 in. long; tube narrowly funnel-shaped,
curved at the apex ; upper segments cucullate, suborbicular, cuspidate,
1 in. broad, as long as the tube; lower smaller. Stamens shorter
than the upper segments.—Handb. Irid. 214; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.
Trop. Afr. 176.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro; last zone of
vegetation below the perpetual snow, New ! Volkens,975!

May be an extreme form of G. quartinianus.

28. G. splendidus, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 406. Pro-
duced stem-leaves 4, rigid, linear, with thickened stramineous midrib
and edges, the lowest 2 ft. long, 4 in. broad. Stem robust, 3-4 ft. long
including the spike. Spike simple, lax, secund, above 1 ft. long, 7—8-
flowered ` spathe-valves lanceolate, 3 in. long in the lower flowers.
Perianth bright crimson, above 4 in. long ; tube funnel-shaped, curved,
under 2 in. long; dorsal segment suborbicular, 24 in. long, 20 lin.
broad ; lateral rather narrower and shorter; 3 lower much smaller.
Stamens 1 in. shorter than the upper segment ; anthers linear, above
3 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro, above Morang,
ascending to 10,000 ft., Taylor.

29. G. multiflorus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 269.
Corm globose, 1-14 in. diam.; tunics of fine crisped matted fibres.
Produced leaves 4—5, ensiform, glabrous, moderately firm, the lower
9-12 in. long, 3 in. broad. Stem moderately stout, terete, 1-14 in.
long, with 1-2 reduced sheathing leaves. Spike simple, dense, sub-
secund, 1 ft. long; spathe-valves rigid, lanceolate, imbricate, the lower
lin. long. Perianth bright purple, 1} in. long; tube curved, slender
dilated at the apex, half as long as the limb; upper segments oblong,
obtuse ; lower as long, but narrower and unguiculate. Stamens nearly
as long as the perianth-limb.—Handb. Irid. 221; Engl. Hochgebirgsfi.
Trop. Afr. 177.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; temperate region, in woods at Monino,
Welwitsch, 1538!

30. G. spicatus, Klatt in Linnea, xxxv. 377, Corm medium-
sized. Produced basal leaves 4—5, ensiform, moderately firm, 1-14 ft.
long, 4-3 in. broad. Stem 2 ft. long, moderately stout, terete, bearing
2-3 reduced sheathing leaves. Spike dense, secund, 8-9 in. long;
spathe-valves lanceolate, rigid, greenish-brown, the lower 1 in. long.
Perianth bright red-purple, 1} in. long; tube curved, narrowly funnel-
shaped, 4 in. long; upper segments oblong, obtuse, nearly twice as long
as the tube, } in. broad; lower as long, obovate-unguiculate. Stamens
distinctly shorter than the limb; anthers linear, } in. long.—Baker,
Handb. Irid. 221.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; near Jeba on the Kworra, Barter!

VOL. VII. 28

370 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Gladiolus.

31. G. brachyandrus, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6463. Corm very
large, depresso-globose, with areolate brown tunics. Produced leaves
basal, rigid, strongly veined, glabrous, with short ensiform free tips,
2-3 in. long, }-? in. broad. Stem slender, terete, 1 ft. long, bearing
1-2 reduced leaves. Spike lax, equilateral, 6-8 in. long; spathe-valves
lanceolate, membranous, 1-14 in. long; flowers suberect. Perianth
reddish-white, 2 in. long; tube short, broadly funnel-shaped, nearly
straight; segments oblong, acute, subequal, twice as long as the tube,
the upper not at all cucullate. Stamens half as long as the perianth-
limb; anthers linear.—Handb. Irid. 214.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan !

Flowered at the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in 1879. No specimen at Kew.

32. G. benguellensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 268.
Corm small, globose, on a long rhizome ; tunics brown-black, membranous.
Produced leaves sub-basal, ensiform, rigid, glabrous, 6—9 in. long, 6-8
lin. broad, with thickened stramineous ribs and edges. Stem 1 ft. or
more long, bearing 1—2 reduced leaves. Spike lax, secund, 6—8-flowered,
6-8 in. long; outer spathe-valves green, lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 in.
long in the lower flowers. Perianth bright red, spotted with orange-
purple at the throat, 14-2 in. long; tube curved, 8-9 lin. long ; limb
horizontal, rather longer than the tube; upper segments ovate, acute,
not cucullate, $ in. broad; 3 lower lanceolate-spathulate, deflexed.
Stamens rather shorter than the limb. Capsule oblong.—Handb. Irid.
221; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 177.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla; temperate region, in dry pastures among
bushes near Lopollo, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 1540!

33. G. decoratus, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 333. Corm globose,
l in. diam.; tunics reticulated in the upper half. Produced basal
leaves 4—5, ensiform, glabrous, moderately firm, the longest 14-2 ft.
long, $3 in. broad. Stem 2 ft. long, moderately stout, terete, bearing
2-3 reduced leaves. Spike lax, secund, simple, reaching 1 ft. in
length ; spathe-valves lanceolate, green, the lower outer 14-2 in. long.
Perianth bright red, 3 in. long; tube curved, cylindrical, dilated at the
apex, half as long as the limb; upper segments oblong, obtuse, not
cucullate, 4 in. broad; 3 lower as long, but much narrower and
distinctly unguiculate, marked on the disc with a large spathulate
bright yellow spot. Stamens } in. shorter than the upper segments ;
anthers large, linear. Capsule clavate-oblong, 14 in. long.—Handb.
Irid. 222; N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1890, viii. 210.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, from the foot
up to 2000 ft., Kirk ! Shire Valley, Waller !

Introduced into cultivation in 1887.

34. G. sulphureus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 350.
Corm globose, 1 in. diam. Stem 1 ft. long, stout, bearing 3-4 sheath-
ing leaves with short free erect rigid lanceolate tips not more than 2-3

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 371

in. long, under } in. broad. Spike very lax, not secund, 5-6 in. long ;

spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lower 14 in. long. Perianth bright

yellow, 23-3 in. long; tube ascending, slightly curved, narrowly

funnel-shaped, 14 in. long; segments oblong or obovate, upper cucul-

late, as long as the tube ; the 3 lower smaller. Stamens shorter than

ve upper segments.—Handb. Irid. 213; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
v 176;

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., John-
ston !

35. G. quartinianus, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 306. Corm
globose, 1-14 in. diam. ; tunics of fine parallel strands of matted fibres.
Produced leaves 3-4, linear or ensiform, rigid, the lower 1-1} ft. long,
3—} in. broad. Stems robust, 2-3 ft. long. Spikes very lax, 4-1 ft.
long, 6-9-flowered ; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, the lower outer
1}-2 in. long. Perianth 3-34 in. long, varying from blood-red to pale
yellow; tube curved, narrowly funnel-shaped, 14 in. long, }—} in. diam.
at the throat; upper segments conspicuously cucullate, broad, oblong,
subobtuse, 14-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; lower much smaller and
deflexed. Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers
linear, 4—2 in. long. Capsule clavate-oblong, above 1 in. long. Seeds
broadly winged.—Bot. Mag. t. 6739; Handb. Irid. 213 ; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 175; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 86.
G. kilimandscharicus, Pax in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 175. G.
primulinus, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1890, viii. 122 (flowers plain
primrose yellow); @. angolensis, G. andongensis and G. Welwitschit,
Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 268-69. G. saltatorum, Baker
in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix. 155. G. taylorianus, Rendle in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xxx. 405.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; in fields around Adowa, Quartin-Dillon,
Shire: in moist places, Quartin-Dillon; and without precise locality, Parkyns !
British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1972! Niamniam: Nganye,
Schweinfurth, 3938! Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 3880! Uganda: in grassy
jungle, Wilson, 39! Ankole and Buddu, Scott-Elliot, 7513! Ruwenzori: Yeria,
Scott-Elliot, 7768! Lykipia, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson! Ukamba, 5000-6000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 6481! near Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 2013! Nyika country near Mom-
basa, Wakefield !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Callewaert! Angola: Bembe,
Monteiro ! Golungo Alto and Pungo Andongo, in grassy places, Welwitsch, 1527!
15278! 1530! Pungo Andongo: on the higher rocks at the fort, 2400-3800 ft.,
Welwitsch, 1529! Huilla: on wooded hills around Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1541!
meadows in woods between Lopollo and Lake Ivantalla, Welwitsch, 1535!

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk ! German East Africa:
Kilimanjaro, 7000 ft., Johnston, 3! 179! Volkens, 339! Usambara ; Kwa Mshuza
(Handei), Holst, 9060! Usagara Mountains : cultivated specimen, Last ! Karagwe,
5000 ft., Speke & Grant, 473! Portuguese East Africa : Zambesi Delta ; between
Mazaro and the River Pangaze, Kirk, 219! Luabo River, Kirk! British Central
Africa : Urungu; Fwambo, 5250 ft., Nutt! Nyasaland; Masuka Plateau, 6500-
7000 ft., Whyte! Kondowe to Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mount Zomba,
Whyte! River Mandala, Scott ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 847! 1405!

372 CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Gladiolus.

36. G. Buettneri, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 155. Corm large,
globose. Produced leaves 4—5, rigid, glabrous, ensiform, with thickened
stramineous ribs and edges, the longest 2—2} ft. long, 1-1} in.
broad. Peduncle stout, terete, 2-3 ft. long, with 1-2 reduced
leaves. Spike very lax, simple, 1 ft. long; spathe-valves lanceolate,
green, the lowest 2 in. long. Perianth yellow, minutely spotted with
brown, 3-34 in. long ; tube 14 in. long, narrowly funnel-shaped, curved
at the apex ; upper segments oblong, subacute, conspicuously cucullate,
14-2 in. long, 1 in. broad; lower oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, deflexed.
Stamens shorter than the upper segments of the perianth; anthers
linear, above 4 in. long.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 220.

Upper Guinea. Togoland: near Bismarckburg, Büttner, 8! Kling, 22.

37. G. Johnstoni, Baker. Corm not seen. Root-leaves lanceo-
late, rigid, strongly ribbed, 1 ft. long, above 1 in. broad. Stem with
several sheaths with short free tips. Spikes lax, secund, 6-9 in. long ;
outer spathe-valves lanceolate, brown, 1-1} in. long. Perianth bright
red ; tube funnel-shaped above a cylindrical base, ł in. long; upper
segments cucullate, oblong, acute, ł in. broad; lower much smaller,
with a long narrow claw. Stamens a third the length of the upper
segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Malosa, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte! Mount Zomba, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte! North Nyasaland, Nichol-
son!

38. G. Thomsoni, Baker, Handb. Irid. 223. Corm, leaves and
lower part of stem not seen. Spikes many-flowered, secund, 3-4 in.
long, dense in the upper half ; spathe-valves oblong-cuspidate, scariose,
4-3 in. long. Perianth pale red, 3—1 in. long; tube narrowly funnel-
shaped, ł in. long; upper segments obovate-unguiculate, twice as long
as the tube; lower as long, oblanceolate, with a long narrow claw.
Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: on the higher plateau north of Lake
Nyasa, Thomson !

39. G. flexuosus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 390. Corm very
small, globose; tunics of matted fibres. Stem slender, terete, flexuose,
1-1} ft. long, bearing 2~3 sheathing leaves with short narrow linear
rigid free tips wot more than 2-3 in. long. Spike lax, secund, few-
flowered, 3-4 in. long; spathe-valves green, oblong-navicular, 4—# in.
long. Perianth white tinged with dull purple, 1 in. long ; tube narrowly
funnel-shaped, } in. long; upper segments obovate-unguiculate, cucul-
late, } in. broad ; lower rather longer, oblong, with a long narrow claw ;
blade with a white edge and purple-black spots in the centre. Stamens
nearly as long as the upper segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 79 of
1893 collection! between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa, Johnston !

40. G. unguiculatus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 178. Corm
small, globose; tunics of fine parallel fibres. Stem slender, terete,
1-1} ft. long, bearing 2-3 sheathing leaves, with short rigid linear free

Gladiolus. | CXXXVI. IRIDE# (BAKER). 373

tips. Spike very’ lax, subsecund, 4-8 in. long; spathe-valves green
lanceolate, lower outer 4—3 in. long. Perianth 1-1} in. long, white,
tinged with greenish-brown; upper segments obovate-unguiculate,
obtuse; 3 lower as long or longer, with a small oblong blade and a
long narrow claw. Stamens considerably shorter than the upper seg-
ments; anthers linear, } in. long. Capsule clavate-oblong, $—} in.
long.—Handb. Irid. 223. G. cochleatus, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, 333,
not of Sweet.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Morson!

Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1818! Bongo: South-west of
the Tondy River. Schweinfurth, 4042!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 63 and
65 of 1893 collection !

41. G. Oatesii, Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, edit. ii, 410. Corm
very small, globose. Stem very slender, terete, 1-14 ft. long, bearing
only 2-3 superposed sheathing leaves, with short linear free tips. Spike
very lax, secund, 3-8 in. long; spathe-valves green, lanceolate, 4—ł in.
long. Perianth white tinged with greenish-brown, 1 in. long; tube
slender, curved, } in. long; upper segments obovate-unguiculate, cuspi-
date, cucullate, more than twice as long as the tube; 3 lower as long or
longer, with a small oblong acute blade, much shorter than the narrow
claw. Stamens nearly as long as the upper segments; anthers linear,
as long as the filaments.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 226.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buch-
anan, 464! Scott-Elliot, 8550! Mount Mlanje, Whyte! Matabeleland, Oates /

Very near the South African G. permeabilis, Delaroche.

42. G. edulis, Burch. ex Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 169. Corm small,
ovoid ; tunics of fine parallel strands of matted fibres. Produced
leaves 3, firm, narrowly linear, the lower sometimes overtopping the
stem. Flowers 8-15 in a lax simple or forked spike; outer spathe-
valve oblong-lanceolate, green, }-3 in. long. Perianth pale lilac; tube
nearly straight, ascending, 4 in. long; segments all furnished with a
distinct cusp; upper obovate-unguiculate, ł in. long ; the others shorter,
with a small rhomboid blade and long slender claw. Stamens half as
long as the perianth.—Baker, Handb. Irid. 225; Schinz in Bull. Herb.
Boiss. iv. App. iii. 50.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; Grootfontein, Schinz,

!

Also in South Africa.

13. ANTHOLYZA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. iii. 710.

Perianth long, curved, cylindrical both in the lower and upper half,
suddenly dilated at the middle; segments of the limb usually very un-
equal. Stamens unilateral, contiguous, parallel, arcuate, inserted at the
‘middle of the perianth-tube ; filaments filiform; anthers lanceolate-
sagittate. Ovary 3-celled; ovules many, superposed ; style filiform ;

374 CXXXVI. IRIDE# (BAKER). [ Antholyza,

branches short, spreading, entire, cuneate at the tip. Capsule oblong,
loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds turgid or discoid, generally winged.—
Rootstock a tunicated corm. Leaves linear or ensiform, forming a
distichous rosette. Flowers in simple or panicled spikes, usually brightly
coloured ; spathe-valves usually long, green, lanceolate.

Species about 20, the others South African,

*ANTHOLYZA PROPER. Segments of perianth-limb very
unequal.

Free tip of leaves none or very short.

Anthers 3 in. long . 1. A. huillensis.
Anthers 4 in. long . : : 2. A. labiata.
Anthers Z in., long . 3. A. zambesiaca.
Free tip of leaves long.
Leaves 3—4 . - . S . e - . 4. A. abyssinica.
Leaves 5-6 S : È : : = . 5. A. Schweinfurthit.
**HOMOGLOSSUM. Segments of perianth-limb nearly
equal. :
Perianth 2in. long .. . 2 A S S . 6. A, gracilis.
Perianth 3 in. long . : i S S : . 7. A, watsonioides.

1. A. huillensis, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i. 270. Corm globose, 1 in. diam. ; tunics brown, of matted fibres. Stem
slender, terete, 6-15 in. long, bearing 2-3 short very narrow linear
rigid leaves, with a thickened stramineous midrib and edges. Spike
simple, lax, secund, 6-8-flowered ; outer spathe-valve oblong, obtuse,
firm, green, $ in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 1 in. long; upper seg-
ment oblong, bright red; lateral small, obovate; 3 lower minute.
Stamens nearly as long as the upper segment; anthers 3 in. long.
Capsule obovoid-oblong, } in. long. Seeds discoid, winged.—Handb.
Irid. 232; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 178.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; temperate region, in open bushy places
between Lopollo and Humpata, Welwitsch, 1539 !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

2. A. labiata, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 156. Corm globose ;
tunics pale brown. Stem slender, terete, above 1 ft. long, with about
5 superposed leaves reduced to mere sheaths. Spike simple, secund,
8-flowered ; outer spathe-valve ovate, acute, 4 in. long. Perianth red-
purple; tube under 4 in. long; limb bilabiate; upper segment lingu-
late, obtuse, as long as the tube; 5 lower segments connate into
a lower lip, of which the central lobe is long and linear-spathulate.
Stamens as long as perianth ; anthers ł in. long. Style shorter than the
stamens,

Upper Guinea. Togoland: near Bismarckburg, Kling, 209.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

3. A. zambesiaca, Baker, Handb. Irid. 232. Corm not seen,
Stem slender, simple, terete, stiffly erect, bearing 3—4 sheathing super-
posed leaves with short very narrow free tips. Spikes few-flowered,

Antholyza. | CXXXVI. IRIDEZ (BAKER). 375

lax; spathe-valves lanceolate, green, 1 in. long. Perianth curved, 3 in.
long; upper segment oblong-navicular, as long as the tube; lateral
small, ovate, acute ; 3 lower very minute. Stamens and style nearly as
long as the upper segment ; anthers linear, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Leshumo Valley, Holub !

4. A. abyssinica, Brong. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 306.
Corm globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics of fine parallel strands of matted
fibres. Produced suprabasal leaves 3—4, linear or ensiform, moderately
firm, erect, 1 ft. long, }-3 in. broad. Stem simple, subterete, 1-2 ft.
long, bearing 1-2 reduced leaves. Spike lax, simple, secund, sometimes
6-8 in. long ; outer spathe-valve green, lanceolate, 1-2 in. long. Perianth
red, curved, 2 in. long; tube as long as the oblong upper segment ;
lateral segments ovate, 4 in. long; 3 lower minute, oblong, obtuse.
Stamens distinctly shorter than the upper segment; anthers } in. long.—
Baker, Handb. Irid. 231; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 177.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; Heja, near Adowa, 9000 ft., Schimper ! Mount
Sholoda, near Adowa, Quartin-Dillon ; between Maigouagoua and Debra Sina, Quartin-
Dillon § Petit, 114 (240 bis)! and without precise locality, Schimper, 842! 1206!
Shire, Quartin-Dillon,

5. A. Schweinfurthii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1894, xv. 588.
Corm globose, medium-sized. Leaves 5-6, superposed, linear, thin, the
lower 1 ft. long, } in. broad. Stem simple, 1 ft. long. Spike simple,
lax, many-flowered ; outer spathe-valve oblong-lanceolate, #—1 in. long.
Perianth cylindrical, curved, 14-14 in. long, bright red passing into
yellow at the base; tube ? in. long, very slender in the lower half;
upper segments lingulate, as long as the tube; 2 lateral segments small,
lanceolate; 3 lowest very minute. Stamens and style reaching to
the tip of the upper segment; anthers } in. long.—Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 86, 112.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Ginda Valley ; on the heights of Donkollo, 3000 ft.,
Schweinfurth, 126! Mount Alamkale, 5900 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1466 ! Mount
Koube, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 1510! Mount Bizen, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth g
Riva, 1865! Ambelaco, near Maldi, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth, 143 ! cultivated specimen,
Schweinfurth!

6. A. cilis, Pax in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 177. Corm
globose, 1 aahei A tunics of parallel strands of matted fibres, Pro-
duced leaves 3—4, narrowly linear, rigid, the lower 1} ft. long, A in.
broad. Stem slender, simple, terete, 14-2 ft. long. Flowers few in
a lax secund spike; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, firm, green, 1-14 in.
long. Perianth bright crimson, much curved, 2 in. long; segments of
the limb nearly equal, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2 in. long. Stamens
a little shorter than perianth-limb; anthers } in. long. Capsule
oblong, 3 in. long. Seeds flat, with a broad membranous wing.— Baker,
Handb. Irid. 232. Gladiolus watsonioides, var. minor, Baker, Handb.
Irid. 227.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro, 8000-13,000 ft.,
Johnston, 124! Volkens, 1308! Meyer.

376 CXXXVI, IRIDEZ (BAKER). [ Antholyza.

7. A. watsonioides, Baker. Corm globose, 1 in. diam. Produced
leaves 3—4, linear, moderately firm, the lower 14 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad.
Stem 14-2 ft. long, simple, terete, bearing 1—2 reduced leaves. Spike
very lax, secund, sometimes 6-9 in. long ; outer spathe-valves lanceolate,
green, 14-2 in. long. Perianth bright crimson; tube curved, 14 in.
long, ł in. diam. in upper half; segments oblong, acute, upper one
the longest, 14 in. long, 4 in. broad, the others similar, but rather
smaller. Stamens distinctly shorter than upper segment of the
perianth; anthers } in. long. Capsule oblong, 1 in. long. Seeds broadly
winged.—Gladiolus watsonioides, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 409 ;
Bot. Mag, t. 6919; Handb. Irid. 226; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc.
xxx. 406. G. Garnieri, Klatt in Decken, Reisen Bot. 73.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro, 8500—11,000 ft.,
Thomson! Johnston, 33! 148! Decken & Kersten, 120, Meyer, 278. Mount Kenia,
in Alpine pastures, 10,000-11,000 ft., Gregory.

Order CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDE. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregular. Perianth
corolline, superior, with or without a tube above the ovary ; segments
subequal in the Tropical African genera. Stamens usually 6, opposite
the segments of the perianth, inserted at their base or in the tube;
filaments filiform, free or united in a cup at the base; anthers 2-celled,
with longitudinal introrse dehiscence. Ovary inferior, usually 3-celled ;
ovules anatropous, superposed. Style subulate. Stigma capitate or
trifurcate. Fruit capsular or baccate. Seeds globose or flattened ;
albumen copious, usually fleshy; embryo small, central.—Herbs, rarely
undershrubs. Rootstock a bulb or tuber. Leaves usually all radical.
Inflorescence umbellate, rarely solitary or racemose. Flowers various
in colour, glabrous, hairy or viscous outside.

Species 800, widely spread through the Tropical and Temperate zones of both
hemispheres.

TRIBE I. Hypoxidece. Herbs with a tuberous rootstock and naked peduncles.
Flower, peduncle and leaves usually hairy.

Perianth cut down to the ovary . 2 : - +- 1. HYPOXIS.
Perianth with a tube above the ovary . : : . 2. CURCULIGO.

TRIBE II. Amaryileæ. Herbs with a tunicated bulb and naked peduncles.
Leaves, peduncle and flowers glabrous,

Perianth with scales at the throat i i S . 3. CRYPTOSTEPHANUS.
Perianth without small scales at the throat.
Filaments free down to the base.
Seeds discoid or angled, with a black or brown

testa,

Ovules many in a cell.
Perianth with a long tube and short limb . 4. CYRTANTHUS.
Perianth lobes about as long as the tube . 5, SPENOLIRION.
Perianth with a short tube and long limb . 6. HipPEASTRUM.

Ovnles two in a cell.
Fruit baceate è P , e e Eege

Hypoxis. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 377
Fruit capsular . : e S - 8. BUPHANE,
Seeds globose, with a green testa,
Fruit indehiscent.
Perianth-tube long ` . : . . , 9. CRINUM.

Perianth-tube short . . S . . 10. AMMOCHARIS,
Fruit a 3—valved capsule,
Capsule turbinate, acutely angled . . . 11. Brunsviera.
Capsule globose, obtusely angled . : , 12, NERINE.
Filaments united in a basal cup.
Seeds flat, with a black or brown testa i . 13. PANCRATIUM.
Seeds globose, with a green testa. ` . 14. HYMENOCALLIS,

TRIBE III. Vellosieæ. Undershrubs or herbs, with solitary flowers, glandular
outside, Rootstock none.

The only genus . . P e e e . e 15. VELLOSIA,

1. HYPOXIS, Linn., Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI iii. 717.

Perianth cut down to the ovary; segments 6, subequal, spreading.
Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth-segments ; filaments
short, subulate; anthers linear or lanceolate, basifixed or obscurely
dorsifixed. Ovary clavate or turbinate, 3-celled, not rostrate ` ovules
superposed, few or many in a cell; style short, columnar. Stigmas 3,
connate or distinct. Capsule usually 3-celled, membranous, splitting
round the middle or into 3 valves. Seeds small, globose ; testa crusta-
ceous, usually black and shining; hilum lateral, more or less distinctly
beaked ; embryo included in the fleshy or farinaceous albumen,—Root-
stock a tuber or corm. Leavesall radical, persistent, linear or ensiform.
Flowers solitary, corymbose or racemose, in the Tropical African species
yellow and tinged with green and hairy outside.

Species 60, spread widely through both hemispheres, concentrated in South Africa.

Flowers solitary.
H. monanthos.

LE
2. H. kilimandscharica.
H. Schimperi.

Perianth-segments ¢ in. long .

Perianth-segments + in. long . : .

Perianth-segments 4—4 in. long . . :
Flowers corymbose.

Flowers small.

9

4. H. angustifolia.

Leaves not rigid e e . .
Leaves rigid.
Leaves subterete . i : 4 . H. canaliculata.

. H. malosana,

5
Leaves narrowly linear S mmer
8
9

Leaves linear .
Flowers larger.
Peduncle short e S
Peduncle long e .
Flowers racemose.
Raceme lax.
Leaves 1—4 in. broad.
Bracts minute : :
Bracts large . ° :

. H. villosa,
. H. gregoriana.

. 10. H. nyasica.
. 11. H. angolensis.

|
378 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEÆ (BAKER). [ Hyporis.

Leaves 3-3 in. broad. \

Pedicels 4 in. long . 4 S - ` , 12. H. obtusa,
Pedicels 4-2 in. long : S : A . 13. H. laikipiensis.
Raceme dense. i
Pedicels scarcely any . : ; S : . 14. H. subspicata.
Pedicels very short . . : H e . 15. H. Fischeri.
Pedicels 4-1 in. long . ; : > < . 16. H. polystachya.

1. H. monanthos, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 266,
Tuber oblong, perennial, } in. diam. Leaves 4-5 to a tuber, linear,
slightly pilose, 4—5 in. long, 4—1 lin. broad low down. Peduncles 1-3
to a tuber, 1-flowered, 14-2 in. long, very slender, slightly pilose.
Perianth-limb yellow, 4 in. long; outer segments pilose and green on
the back. Stamens half as long as the perianth. Capsule oblong, in.
long.— Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 108 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 170.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla ; Lopollo, in pastures near streams, Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

2. H. kilimanjarica, Baker. Tuber globose, perennial, }-} in.
diam. ; relics of old leaves brown, membranous. ‘Leaves 4—5 to a tuber,
firm, narrowly linear, nearly or quite glabrous, 3—6 in. long, 4 lin. broad.
Peduncles solitary, very short, 1-flowered. Perianth-segments yellow,
4 in. long; outer green and hairy outside. Stamens more than half as
long as the perianth-segments. Ovary turbinate, hairy, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; above Mamba, 5000 ft.,
Volkens, 781!

3. H. Schimperi, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 110. Tuber
oblong, 4—3 in. diam., crowned by copious fibres. Leaves about 4 to a
tuber, linear, erect, firm, nearly glabrous, 6-9 in. long, 4—4 in. broad. -
Peduncles 3 to a tuber, slender, 1-flowered, much shorter than the
leaves. Perianth-segments yellow, lanceolate, 4-5 lin. long; outer
green and slightly hairy outside. Stamens less than half as long as the
perianth ; anthers lanceolate, slightly versatile. Capsule turbinate,
slightly hairy, } in. long.

Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper, 1118!

4. H. angustifolia, Zam. Encyc. iii. 182. Tuber globose, -} in.
diam. ; rudimentary leaves entirely membranous. Produced leaves 6-12
to a tuber, linear, thin, 4—1 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad, hardly at all hairy.
Peduncles 1-4 to a tuber, weak and slender, much shorter than the
leaves, slightly hairy. Flowers 2-6 in a lax corymb; outer pedicels
4-1 in. long; bracts subulate, 4 in. long. Perianth yellow, 4-4 in-
long ; outer segments green and hairy on the outside. Stamens half as
long as the perianth; anthers lanceolate, sagittate at the base, longer
than the filaments. Ovary turbinate, densely pilose, 4 in. long. Capsule
turbinate, ł}—4 in. long—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. HI

Wile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range, at Darra-as, Miss Edith Cole! British
East Africa; Fimbini, near Rabai, Taylor !

Hyploxis. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 379

Yower Guinea. Gaboon: Mfoa, 85 miles east of Gaboon, on rocks by the
river, Bates, 520! Lower Congo: Lutete, 1500-2000 ft., Hens, 221. Angola:
Pungo Andongo and Huilla, Welwitsch ! 70 miles from Ambriz, Monteiro !

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 1050! Kirk! German East Africa:
Usambara ; Lutindi, Holst, 3265! North Liviugstone Range, Johnson! Portuguese
East Africa: Morambala Mountain, 8000 ft., Kirk! British Central Africa : Nyasa-
land ; Mount Mlanje, Whyte !

Also in South Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, and Bourbon.

5. H. canaliculata, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 265.
Tuber perennial, oblong, 3—1 in. diam., crowned with the membranous
and fibrous relics of the old leaves. Leaves many, rigid, subterete,
channelled down the face, 3-6 in. long, } lin. diam. Peduncles 6-8 to
a tuber, slender, pilose, 1-1} in. long, 2-flowered. Pedicels }—}in. long,
densely pilose; bracts subulate, minute. Perianth-limb yellow, $ in.
long; outer segments pilose outside. Stamens half as long as the
perianth-limb. Ovary turbinate,{} in. long, densely clothed with
whitish hairs. Capsule circumscissile round the middle.—Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 109.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in pastures, near Lopollo, Welwitsch !
Cunene River, Johnston !

6. H. malosana, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 284. Sheath-
leaves densely pilose. Produced leaves erect, narrowly linear, firm,
slightly hairy, 5-6 in. long, ṣẹ in. broad. Peduncles 4 to a tuft, very
slender, much longer than the leaves, glabrous except at the tip.
Flowers few, usually corymbose; pedicels very hairy; bracts linear,
lowest $ in. long. Segments of the limb lanceolate, { in. long, densely
pilose outside. Stamens very short. Ovary turbinate, densely hairy.
Capsule circumscissile at the middle.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Loangwa Valley, Nicholson ! Nyasa-
land; Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

7. H. cuanzensis, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 265. Tuber perennial, 14-2 in. long, crowned with the bristly
relics of old leaves. Produced leaves 8—10, linear, slightly hairy, rigid,
1-1} ft.long, 4 in. broad. Peduncles 2—4 to a tuber, 3—4 in. long. Flowers

in a corymb; bracts linear, pilose, longer than the very short
pedicels, Perianth-limb } in. long; segments yellow, the outer hairy
outside. Stamens half as long as the perianth. Ovary turbinate,
pilose, 4 in. long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 111.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in damp ground, Welwitsch !
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

8. H. villosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 198. Tuber perennial, 1-1} in.
diam., crowned with copious bristles. Leaves 6-20 toa tuber, lanceolate,
erect or falcate, 4-1 ft. long, 4-1 in. broad low down, narrowed
gradually to the point, more or less hairy, especially beneath. Peduncles
often 3—4 to a tuber, hairy, shorter than the leaves. Flowers 4-8 in a

380 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEE (BAKER). [Hyp

\
lax corymb; pedicels very hairy, ascending, 4—1 in. long; bracts large,
linear-subulate. Perianth-segments yellow, about } in. long; ogter
very hairy outside. Stamens half as long as the perianth; anthers
sagittate at the base, longer than the filaments. Ovary obconic, densely
villous. Capsule turbinate, }—} in. long, circumscissile round the middle.
—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 314; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii.
113; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 170. H. villosa, Linn. f. var. foliis
recurvis, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe, vii. 223. H. petitiana, A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 315. H. abyssinica and H. simenensis, Hochst. in.
Flora, 1844, 32. H. sobolifera, Jacq. Ic. t. 372; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 110.

Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 7500 ft., Mann, 1224!

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre, summit of Mount Sholoda, near Adowa,
Schimper, 172! and without precise locality, Schimper, 539! British East Africa:
Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1874! East side of Lake Albert Edward, Scott-
Elliot, 8074! Ruwenzori, Scott-Elliot, 7799! Ukamba, Scott-Elliot, 6467! Taita ;
Ndi Mountain, Hildebrandt, 2542 !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, at
Blantyre, Buchanan, 26! Scott! Scott-Elliot, 8579! Magomero, Meller! Fort
Young, Nicholson ! Matabeleland, Oates !

Also in South Africa.

9. H. gregoriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 408. Tuber
perennial. Leaves linear, rather flaccid, reaching 14 ft. long, 8 lin.
broad at the middle; upper surface sparsely, lower and edges densely
hairy. Peduncles 5 to a tuber, corymbose, 1 ft. long. Flowers about
4 in a corymb; bracts linear-subulate, 4 in. long; lower pedicels
1 in. long. Perianth-segments yellow, above 4 in. long; outer hairy
outside. Stamens half as long as the perianth ; anthers sagittate, twice
as long as the filaments. Ovary obconic, hairy, under } in. long.
Capsule circumscissile at the middle.

Nile Land. British East Africa: on the Kikuyu escarpament near Kedong,
‘Gregory. :

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

10. H. nyasica, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 284. Tuber large 5
sheaths glabrous. Leaves firm, linear, slightly hairy, 1 ft. long, Am,
broad. Peduncles up to 6-7 to a tuft, hairy upwards, spreading d
ascending, shorter than the leaves. Flowers few in a lax aca
pedicels short, hairy; bracts linear, minute. Segments of the Gar
lanceolate, ł—4 in. long, hairy outside. Stamens half as long as the limb.
Ovary turbinate, hairy. Capsule circumscissile at the middle.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Mount Zomba, 4000-

1
6000 ft., Whyte! Whyte & McClounie! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte:
Zomba Rock, Whyte !

11. H. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. 1. 266.
Tuber perennial, oblong, 3 in. long, 1—14 in. diam, crowned with copious
bristly relics of old leaves. Leaves 6-8, linear, rigid, acuminate, 6-9 ri
long, 3-1 in. broad, ciliated on the edges and midrib beneath.

Hypoxis. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 381

Peduncles 1-4 to a tuber, 3-6 in. long, clothed with whitish hairs.
Flowers 6-8 in a lax raceme, 3—4 in. long; bracts linear, 4—4 in. long.
pedicels as long as the bracts. Perianth yellow, 4 in. long; inner
segments oblong ; outer lanceolate, densely hairy outside. Stamens half
as long as the perianth; anthers lanceolate; filaments very short,
deltoid. Ovary turbinate, } in. long, densely pilose.—Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soe. xvii. 116.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; frequent on hills, near Lopollo, 3800-5500
ft., Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

12. H. obtusa, Burch. in Bot. Reg. t. 159. Tuber large, oblong,
perennial, crowned with the bristly relics of the old leaves. Leaves
12-18 to a tuber, subcoriaceous, linear, 1-14 ft. long, $—} in. broad,
glabrous on the upper surfaces, ciliated on the edges and midrib
beneath. Peduncles hairy, 3-6 in. long. Flowers 4-8 in a lax raceme;
pedicels } in. long. Bracts linear-subulate, 4 in. long. Perianth-limb
yellow, 6-8 lin. long ; outer segments green and hairy on the outside.
Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb. Anthers lanceolate-sagittate,
longer than the filaments. Ovary turbinate, hairy, LJ in. long —
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe, xvii. 114.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Nandi Hills, on dry burnt ground, Scott-
Elliot, 6983 !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo; east of the Coast Range,
Speke & Grant! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, on Mount
Sochi, Scott-Elliot, 8657 !

Also in South Africa,

13. H. laikipiensis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 407. Tuber
perennial, Leaves about 6 to a tuber, linear, acuminate, reaching a
length of above 2 ft., scarcely } in. broad; upper surface sparsely,
lower and edges densely hairy. Peduncles 5 to a tuber, flattened,
reaching 1} ft. long. Raceme lax, 10-flowered, about 5 in. long ; bracts
linear-subulate, hairy, lower as long as the flowers; pedicels 4—4 in.
long. Perianth-segments yellow, 6-7 lin. long; outer hairy outside.
Stamens half as long as the perianth ; anthers more than twice as long
as the filaments. Ovary turbinate, densely hairy, 4—4 in, long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Lykipia; on steppes cut up by deep ravines,
West of Alngaria, Gregory !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
8206 !

14. H. subspicata, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 143. Tuber stout,
perennial, crowned with the fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaves linear,
acuminate, coriaceous, 8—12 in. long, 4 in. broad low down, glabrous on
the upper surface, ciliate on the edges and midrib beneath. Peduncles
many to a tuber, hairy, much shorter than the leaves. Raceme dense,
subspicate, many-flowered, 3-4 in. long; pedicels scarcely any ; bracts

282 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). | Hypoxis.

linear, half as long as the flowers. Perianth-limb } in. long; segments
yellow, ovate or oblong, obtuse, outer hairy on the outside. Stamens
half as long as the perianth. Ovary obconic, densely hairy ; stigmas free.

Lower Guinea. Angola: in the region of the River Quango, Pogge, 424.
Malange, Teusez, 249.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

15. H. Fischeri, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 143. Tuber large,
perennial. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 ft. long, 1 in. broad
low down, coriaceous, persistently clothed on both surfaces with soft
whitish hairs. Peduncle densely hairy, much shorter than the leaves.
Raceme dense, many-flowered, 3-4 in. long; pedicels very short;
bracts linear, hairy, much shorter than the flowers. Perianth-limb
above 4 in. long; segments yellow, lanceolate ` outer very hairy outside.
‘Stamens half as long as the perianth-limb. Ovary-obconic, very hairy ;
stigmas free.

East Tropical Africa. Without locality, Fischer, 611!
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

16. H. polystachya, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,

Bot. i. 266. Tuber globose, perennial, 3 in. diam., crowned with the
membranous relics of the old leaves. Leaves 10-14, ensiform, rigid,
acuminate, 1-1 ft. long, 8-3 in, broad at the middle, glabrous on the
face, slightly hairy on the back. Peduncles 6-8 to a tuber, stout,
4-6 in. long. Raceme dense, 20-30-flowered, 3-4 in. long; bracts
subulate, silky, $-} in. long; pedicels 3-1 in. long. Perianth yellow,
4 in. long; outer segments hairy outside. Stamens half as long as
the perianth ; anthers lanceolate-sagittate, longer than the filaments.
Ovary turbinate, pilose, } in. long. Capsule circumscissile near the
top.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe, xvii. 115. :

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; between Lopollo and Catumba, On hills,
Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Var. andongensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 266. Leaves
‘narrower, } in. broad, densely clothed on the back with white hairs. Peduncle com-
pressed, 1} ft. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

2. CURCULIGO, Gertn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 717.

Perianth with a tube-like beak above the ovary ; segments 6, sub-
equal, spreading. Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth-
segments ; filaments short; anthers linear, basifixed. Ovary rostrate,
3-celled ; ovules many, superposed ; style short, columnar ; stigmas 3,
cuneate or distinct. Fruit indehiscent, sometimes baccate. Seeds
small, subglobose; testa black, crustaceous; hilum beaked; embryo
small, included in the fleshy or farinaceous albumen.—Rootstock 2

Curculigo. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 383

tuber or corm. Leaves all radical, usually plicate. Flowers solitary or
many, spicate, yellow.

Species 12, spread throngh the Tropical and Subtropical regions of the old world

1. C. gallabatensis, Schweinf. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
ser. 2, Bot. i. 266. Tuber oblong, perennial, 14-2 in. long; root-fibres
many, cylindrical. Outer rudimentary leaves membranous or splitting
into fibres; produced leaves 3-4, linear, plicate vertically, subpetiolate,
1-2 ft. long, EE in. broad, more or less pilose. Flowers solitary ;
peduncle short, hidden; tube-like beak of the ovary 14-2 in. long;
bracts linear or lanceolate; limb 4—? in. long; segments lanceolate ;
3 outer hairy outside and tinged with green. Stamens half as long as
the perianth-limb ; anthers lanceolate, as long as the filiform filaments.
Style subulate ; stigmas united. Fruit oblong, sessile, crowned by the
tube-like beak. Seeds black, with a white fleshy strophiole.—Journ.
Linn. Soc. xvii. 123. Gethyllis pilosa, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin.
EE 172.

Upper Guinea. French Guinea: Farana, on the River Niger, 3300 ft., Scott-
Elliot, 5374! Gold Coast: Upper Volta ; Salaga, Krause! Togoland: Bismarck-
burg, Büttner, 381! Niger Territory : Nupe ; Ilorin, Rowland ! and without pre-
cise locality, Barter, 1506 !

Wile Land. Galabat: bank of the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 39! Jur:
Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, ser. iii. 220! by the River Wau, Schweinfurth, 1054!
Somaliland, Mrs. Lort Phillips !

Lower Guinea, Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch! Lower Congo: Lutete,
2000 ft., Hens, 352!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; in an Elephant marsh,
near the River Nsessi, Scott !

3. CRYPTOSTEPHANUS, Welw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Pl. iii. 718.

Perianth-tube subcylindrical; segments 6, ovate or oblong, much
shorter than the tube. Corona of 12 linear fleshy scales inserted at the
throat of the perianth-tube. Stamens 6, inserted in one row above the
middle of the perianth-tube ; filaments short ; anthers oblong or linear.
Ovary 3-celled; ovules many in a cell, superposed; style filiform ;
stigma capitate. Fruit a globose berry. Seeds turgid, 1-2 in a cell.
—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves sessile, lorate, obtuse. Flowers
small, many in a dense umbel; spathe-valves several, lanceolate,

reflexing.
Endemic.
Stamens and style exserted from the perianth-tube . 1. C. hemanthoides.
Stamens and style included in the perianth-tube . , 2 C. densiflorus.

1. C. heemanthoides, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 142, t. 7, figs. 5-7.
Rootstock and leaves unknown. Peduncle short, stout, nearly 1 in.
diam. Flowers dark purple, more than 100 in a dense umbel; spathe-
valves several, linear, reflexing, nearly 1 in. long; pedicels }-1 in.
long. Perianth-tube narrowly funnel-shaped, ł in. long ; segments of

384 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). [Crypiostephanus.

the limb obloag, acute, half as long as the tube, spreading or reflexing.
Scales linear, yellow, half as long as the perianth-segments. Stamens
inserted above the middle of the perianth-tube; anthers lanceolate,
exserted from the perianth-tube. Style long, exserted from the
perianth- tube.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Taita, Hildebrandt, 2578.

No specimen at Kew,

2. C. densiflorus, Welw. ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 193, t. 197.
Rootstock a bulb, with membranous tunics. Leaves 6—8, contemporary
with the flowers, lorate, obtuse, erect, glabrous, glaucous, sessile, 1 ft,
long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle stout, 2-angled, about as long as the
leaves. Flowers 20-30 in a dense umbel ; spathe-valves many, unequal,
lanceolate, green, reflexing, under 1 in. long; pedicels very short.
Perianth dark purple, 2 in. long; tube subcylindrical, more or less
curved, 4 in. long; segments of the limb ovate, 4 in. long. Scales
linear, minute. Anthers oblong, nearly sessile, oblong, inserted above
the middle of the tube. Style short, not exserted from the perianth-
tube. Berry E in. diam.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 1; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 170.

Ee Guinea. Angola: mountains of Houilla, 4000-5000 ft., Welwitsch,
4027!
No specimen at Kew.

4. CYRTANTHUS, Ait.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 729.

Perianth funnel-shaped; tube narrow, with a naked throat; seg-
ments 6, subequal, shorter than the tube. Stamens inserted below the
throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments filiform, sometimes very short;
anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary ovoid, 3-celled ; ovules
many, superposed ; style long, filiform; stigma distinctly or indistinctly
3-lobed. Capsule oblong, membranous, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds
flat, black, winged at the base.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves
rather fleshy, flaccid, linear or lorate. Flowers umbellate, rarely
solitary, erect or pendulous, red, yellow or white; spathe-valves 2-4,
lanceolate.

Species 20, the others all South African.

* MONELLA. Leaves sessile, linear. Perianth-tube

cylindrical,
The only Tropical African species S S S . 1. CG Welwitschit.
** GASTRONEMA, Perianth-tube much dilated on the

upper half,
The only species S S S 2 2 S . 2. O. sanguineus.

1. C. Welwitschii, Hiern ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 197.
Bulb ovoid, 1 in. diam.; tunics brown, membranous. Leaves about 4,
contemporary with the flowers, linear, glaucous, 1-14 ft. long, 4-4 in.

Cyrtanthus. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 385

broad. Peduncle as long as the leaves. Flowers 3-8 in an umbel,
erect; spathe-valves 2, lanceolate; pedicels slender, 1-14 in. long.
Perianth red, 14-1} in. long; tube narrowly funnel-shaped ; segments
oblong-lanceolate, rather shorter than the tube. Stamens biseriate ;
filaments short; anthers oblong, exserted from the tube. Style exserted
from the perianth-tube; stigma 3-lobed. Capsule oblong, 3 in. long.
Seeds flat, black, oblong, 4 in. long.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 55. `

Lower Guinea. Angola: Cunene River, Johnston ! Huilla ; in damp places of the
subtemperate region, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 4028!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Mount Mlanje, Whyte !
McClounie, 41! Tutshila (Mtuchila R,?), MeClownie, 12! Mount Malosa, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 993!

Nearly allied to C. angustifolius, Ait. of South Africa.

2. C. sanguineus, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5218. Bulb ovoid, 2
in. diam.; tunics brown, membranous. Leaves 3—4, contemporary with
the flowers, distinctly petioled, lanceolate, acute, bright green, 1 ft.
long, 4—3 in. broad. Peduncle 1-3-flowered, slender, terete, pale green,
6-9 in. long ; pedicels 4—2 in. long ; spathe-valves 2-4, lanceolate, green,
2-3 in, long. Perianth bright red, 3-4 in. long; tube suberect or
curved, subcylindrical in the lower half, dilated in the upper half;
throat 1 in. diam. ; segments ovate, spreading, 1—2 in. long. Stamens
uniseriate, exserted a little from the throat of the perianth. Ovary
oblong-trigonous ; style tricuspidate, overtopping the anthers.—Baker,
Handb. Amaryllid. 59; FI. Cap. vi. 227. Gastronema sanguineum,
Lindl. in. Journ. Hort. Soe. iii. 315, with woodcut.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Giryama, near Mombasa, in forest, Wake-
field, 42!

Also in Natal.

5. STENOLIRION, Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2493.

Perianth-tube long, straight, cylindrical ; lobes of the limb equal,
linear, spreading. Stamens inserted in one row at the throat of the
perianth-tube ; filaments long, filiform ; anthers linear-oblong, versatile.
Ovary ovoid, 3-celled; ovules many in a cell; style long, filiform ;
stigma minute, simple. Fruit baccate. Seeds many in a cell; testa
thick, grey; albumen cartilaginous ; embryo straight.

Endemic, monotypic.

1, S. Elliotii, Baker in Hook. Icon. t. 2493. Bulb globose, 14 in.
diam., copiously tunicated ; tunics membranous, truncate at the apex.
Leaves about 6, sessile, linear, spreading, contemporary with the flowers,
6-8 in. long, 4—4 in. broad, moderately firm, denticulate on the margin.
Peduncle moderately stout, terete, shorter than the leaves. Flowers
few in an umbel; pedicels short; spathe-valves ovate-lanceolate.
Perianth-tube erect, 2 in. long; lobes nearly as long as the tube.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth-limb. Berry 1} in. diam.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Urundi; on hillsides, 4000-5000 ft.,
Scott-Elliot, 8175!

VOL. VII. 26

386 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEE (BAKER). [ Hippeastrum.

6. HIPPEASTRUM, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 724.

Perianth funnel-shaped; tube usually short, rarely long, often
furnished with minute scales or a distinct neck at the throat; segments
ovate, subequal or the lowest of the inner row narrower. Stamens
declinate, inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments filiform ;
anthers linear or linear-oblong, versatile. Ovary 3-celled ; ovules many,
superposed ; style long, filiform, declinate; stigma capitate or trifid.
Capsule globose, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds flattened, with a thin
black testa.—Rootstock a bulb with membranous tunics. Leaves
lorate or linear. Peduncle hollow. Flowers large and showy, few
in. an umbel.

Species 30, all inhabiting the tropical and subtemperate regions of the New
World.

1. H. Regine, Herb. Append. 31. Bulb globose, 2-3 in. diam.
Leaves lorate, fully developed after the flowers, 2-3 ft. long, 14 in.
broad at the middle. Peduncle 1} ft. long, umbel 2—4-flowered ;
Spathe-valves lanceolate. Perianth bright red, 4-5 in. long; tube
funnel-shaped, Ä in. long; throat with a large greenish-white star ;
segments ovate, acute, 1-1} in. broad. Style as long as the perianth-
limb; stigma faintly 3-lobed.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 48. Ama-
ryllis Regine, Linn. Syst. ed. x. 977 ; Bot. Mag. t. 453. Hippeastrum
africanum, Welw. ex Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 49.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, in aboriginal woods, 3500 ft., Welwitsch,
4023 !

Dr. Welwitsch regarded this as indigenous, but I cannot distinguish it from one of
the best known American species.

7. HA MANTHOS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 730.

Perianth erect, hypocrateriform ; tube subcylindrical ; segments
equal, linear or lanceolate, usually spreading. Stamens inserted at the
throat of the perianth-tube; filaments filiform, often longer than the
segments; anthers small, oblong. Ovary globose, 3-celled ; ovules 1-2,
large, pendulous from the centre of the axile placenta; style long, filiform;
stigma minutely tricuspidate. Fruit globose, baccate. Seeds often
solitary ; testa pale, membranous.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves
oblong or lorate, membranous in all the Tropical African species.
Flowers densely umbellate, usually bright red ; bracts more than 2, mem-
branous, reflexing or ascending.

Species 40, all the others in Sonth Africa, except one in Arabia and one in Socotra.
“NERISSA. Perianth-segments and spathe-valves

spreading.
Peduncle lateral as regards the tuft of leaves.

Perianth-segments 1-nerved,

Perianth-segments 3—3 in. long 1
Perianth-segments 1 in. long : : : 2

Hemanthus. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 387

Perianth-segments 3—5-nerved,
Perianth-segments 4 in. long.
Filaments 4 in, long - . : : . 3. H. micrantherus,
Filaments 2 in. long : : : : . 4. H. rupestris.
Perianth-segments 3—1 in. long.

Stamens as long as the perianth-segments.
Pedicels short > . :
Pedicels half as long as the flowers

Stamens longer than the perianth-segments.
Umbel 3-6 in. diam. o :
Umbel 6-8 in. diam. 5 :

Peduncle central as regards the tuft of leaves,
Perianth-tube + in. long.
Segments three times the length of the tube . . 9. H. kundianus.
Segments five times the length of the tube . . 10. H. germarianus.
Perianth-tube 4—4 in. long.
Umbel about 3 in. diam.

. H. Manni.
. H. eurysiphon.

. H. multiflorus.
. H. robustus.

CD ~y Dn

Petiole 4—5 in. long : 5 S S . 11. H. rotularis,
Petiole 6-9 in. long. : : $ : . 12. H. cinnabarinus.
Umbel 4-5 in. diam. . i : S . 13. H. angolensis.
Perianth-tube 3 in. long . : : é i . 14. H. longipes.
Perianth-tube 3 in. long . ‘ ; - : . 15. H. Lindeni,

“Gyaxis. Umbel dense, Perianth-segments and spathe-
valves permanently ascending.

Stamens very short . : : - : . 16. H. brachyandrus.
Stamens longer than the perianth-segments.
Spathe-valves 2 S 5 i : S , 17. H. bivalvis.
Spathe-valves several, unequal . - : : . 18. H. somaliensis.

1. H. filiflorus, Hiern ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 194. Bulb
globose, 14-2 in. diam. Leafy stem about 1 ft. long, bearing about
D leaves with broad sheathing petioles; blade oblong, 1 ft. long, 5—6 in.
broad ` main veins 10—12 between midrib and edge, the inner } in.
apart ; cross-veinlets very close, oblique. Peduncle lateral, 1 ft. long,
spotted. Umbel very dense, 5-6 in. diam. ; pedicels d in. long ;
spathe-valves oblong, reflexing, red-brown, 2 in. long. Perianth bright
red; tube cylindrical, 4 in. long; segments subulate, 1-nerved, $— in.
long. Filaments ? in. long; anthers small, oblong.—Baker, Handb.
Amaryllid. 63.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 4009! 4010!

2. H. zambesiacus, Baker. Bulb globose, 2 in. diam. Leaves
oblong, 8-9 in. long, 3 in. broad, obtuse, minutely cuspidate, narrowed
gradually to the connate petioles, which form a short stem. Peduncle
stout, lateral, above 1 ft. long. Umbel globose, 6 in. diam. ; spathe-
valves small, lanceolate, reflexing ; pedicels bright red, 14-2 in. long.
Perianth-tube cylindrical, } in. long; segments linear, reflexed, 1-nerved,
lin. long. Filaments a little longer than the segments, flattened
towards the base.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Northern Zambesia ; Boruma, on the
River Zambesi, Menyharth, 691!

388 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). [ Hemanthus.

3. H. micrantherus, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 140. Bulb and
leaves unknown. Peduncle slender, lateral. Umbel 3 in. diam.;
spathe-valves lanceolate, reflexed, withered at flowering time ; pedicels
slender, about 1 in. long. Perianth-tube ł-} in. long; segments
narrowly linear, reflexing, 4 in. long. Filaments as long as or rather
longer than the perianth-segments ; anthers 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ugalla; on the banks of the Ugalla
River, Bohm, 28a.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

4, H. rupestris, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 656. Bulb
small, globose. Leaves 2 from the summit of a short slender special
stem; petioles slender, 14-2 in. long ; blade oblong, 6 in. long, 4 in.
broad, rounded at the base; main veins 8-9 between the midrib and
edge, the inner }-} in. apart; transverse veinlets very oblique.
Peduncle slender, lateral as regards the leafy stem, 3-9 in. long.
Umbel dense, globose, 3 in. diam. ; pedicels 4—3 in. long; spathe-
valves 4—5, linear-oblong, reddish, reflexing, 1-14 in. long. Perianth
bright red ; tube } in. long ; segments linear, twice as long as the tube.
Filaments } in. long; anthers oblong, A in. long.—Baker, Handb.
Amaryllid. 64.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, in rocky places, Barter, 1505!

5. H. Mannii, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6364. Bulb globose, 14-2
in, diam. Leaves 5-6 at the summit of a short special stem, contem-
porary with the flowers, shortly petioled, oblong, cuspidate, 4 ft. long,
2-24 in. broad; main veins about 10 on each side of the petiole ; trans-
verse veinlets close, very oblique. Peduncle slender, 8-12 in. long.
Umbel 3-4 in. diam., less dense than in H. multiflorus ; pedicels short ;
spathe-valves small, lanceolate, reflexing. Perianth bright red; tube
4-4 in. long; segments lanceolate, 3-nerved, 3—4 in. long. Filaments
as long as the perianth-segments; anthers small, oblong.—Baker,
Handb. Amaryllid. 63.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bagru River, Mann, 897! Liberia : cultivated
specimen, Carder!

6. H. eurysiphon, Harms in Engl. Jahrb. xix. Beibl. 47, 27.
Bulb globose. Leaves shortly acuminate, developed after the bon
Pedunele lateral, cylindrical, } in. diam. Flowers 30-35 in an umbel,
bright red; spathe-valves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate oF
acute; pedicels about half as long as the flowers, under 1 in. long.
Perianth-tube cylindrical, about 4 in. long, Ae in. diam. ; e
linear-lanceolate, reflexing, about # in. long. Stamens not longer than
the perianth-segments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 7000 ft.,
Volkens, 1498.

No specimen at Kew.

7. H. multiflorus, Martyn, Monogr. with figure. Bulb globose,
2-3 in. diam. Leaves 3—4, produced on a short special stem, oblong,

Hemanthus. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 389

acute, 4—1 ft. long, 3—4 in. broad, shortly petiolate; main veins 6-8 on
each side of the distinct midrib, the inner }-} in. apart with close
oblique cross-veinlets. Peduncle separate from the leafy stem, often
spotted towards the base. Umbel dense, globose, 3-6 in. diam. ;
pedicels 1-14 in. long; spathe-valves 6-8, lanceolate, reflexing, green,
13-2 in. long. Perianth blood-red; tube cylindrical, }-} in. long;
segments linear, 3-nerved, 2-1 in. long. Filaments longer than the
perianth-segments ; anthers oblong, A in. long. Berry bright
scarlet.— Bot. Mag. tt. 961 and 1995; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 318; Red.
Lil. t. 204; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 912; Flore des Serres, t. 52; A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 312; Kunth. Enum. v. 587; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.
Trop. Afr. 169; Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 63; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 80. H. abyssinicus, Herb. Amaryllid. 232.
H. delagoensis, Herb. Amaryllid. 233. H. tenuiflorus, Herb. in Bot.
Mag. t. 3870. H. Kalbreyeri, Baker in Gard. Chron, 1878, x. 202;
Flore des Serres, t. 2377-8 ; Ill. Hort. 1879, t. 354.

Upper Guinea. Los Islands; in open spaces under trees, Kalbreyer, 230!
Sierra Leone: near Falaba, Scott-Elliot, 54624! near Kurusu, Scott-Elliot, 5540!
and without precise locality, Barter! Forster! Lagos: Illaro, Millen, 113 of 1893
collection! Yoruba, Barter, 3423! Millson, 65! Niger Territory: Bornu ; Musgu,
Vogel, 100! Cameroons: Yaunde, 2600 ft., Zenker d Staudt, 252! Fernando Po,
5000 ft., Mann, 393!

Nile Land. Eritrea: Bogos; Keren, 4500 ft., Beccari, 126! Kordofan,
Pfund, 297! British East Africa: White Nile, Petherick! Jur; Jur Ghattas,
Schweinfurth, 1934! Bongo; North of Gir, Schweinfurth, 1384! Rawenzori; in
forest at 8000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7814! Kilimanjaro Expedition, 40-60 miles from the
coast, Johnston !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: East shore of Luke Tanganyika, Scott-
Elliot, 8303! and without precise locality, Hannington ! Portuguese East Africa:
Lupata, on the River Zambesi, Kirk ! Lower Zambesi ; near Expedition Island, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, Waller! Meller ! Magomero,
Meller ! and without precise locality, Buchanan ! Matabeleland, Oates !

Also at Delagoa Bay.

8. H. robustus, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 140. Bulb and leaves
unknown. Peduncle robust, cylindrical. Umbel dense, 6-8 in. diam. ;
spathe-valves reflexed, withered at the flowering time; pedicels above
2 in. diam. Perianth-tube }-} in. long; segments linear-lanceolate,
nearly 1 in. long. Stamens 1 in. long; anthers oblong, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Gonda, Böhm, 286,

No specimen at Kew.

9. H. kundianus, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutegeb. ii. (1889) 146. Bulb globose, 1-2 in. diam. Leaves pro-
duced direct from the bulb, long-petioled, oblong, nearly 1 ft. long,
43-5 in. broad, very obtuse, shortly narrowed to the base, membranous ;
transverse veinlets oblique. Peduncle 10 in. long. Umbel globose;
pedicels under 1 in. long. Perianth-tube } in. long; segments three
times the length of the tube. Stamens much longer than the perianth-
segments.

390 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). | Hemanthus.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun.
No specimen at Kew.

10. H. germarianus, J. Braun & Schumann in Mitth. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 145. Bulb globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves about 7 to
a tuft, produced direct from the bulb, long-petioled, oblong, 8—10 in.
long, narrowed to the base, membranous when dried; transverse
veinlets oblique. Peduncle long, central, unspotted. Umbel 4 in.
diam. ; spathe-valves lanceolate ; pedicels 1-1} in. long. Perianth-seg-
ments, spreading, 5-nerved, 1 in. long, 5 times the length of the tube.
Filaments longer than the perianth-segments.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun,

No specimen at Kew.

11. H. rotularis, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 656. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves springing directly from the bulb ; petiole
slender, 4—5 in. long; blade oblong, acute, 8-9 in. long, 3-34 in. broad ;
main veins 10-12 between the edge and the midrib, the inner 4 in.
apart ` cross veinlets horizontal. Peduncle slender, 4 ft. long. Umbel
dense, 3 in. diam.; spathe-valves about 8, lanceolate, 14-2 in. long ;
pedicels 4—2 in. long. Perianth bright red ; tube 4 in. long; segments
lanceolate, 5-nerved, twice as long as the tube. Filaments as long as
the perianth-segments.— Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 65.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory : Lagos ; Yoruba, in forests, Barter, 3416!

12. H. cinnabarinus, Decaisne in Flore des Serres, t. 1195. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves about 4, produced direct from the bulb,
contemporary with the flowers; petiole 6-9 in. long; blade oblong,
cuspidate, 6—9 in. long, 3 in. broad, narrowed to the base; main veins
9-10 between the midrib and edge; transverse veinlets oblique.
Peduncle slender, 4—1 ft. long. Umbel dense, 3—4 in. diam. ; spathe-
valves many, lanceolate, 14 in. long; pedicels 4—1 in. long. Perianth
bright crimson ; tube 4—4 in. long; segments lanceolate, laxly 5-nerved,
ł in. long. Filaments bright red, 1 in. long; anthers oblong, yz D.
long.—Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5314; Floral Mag. n.s. t. 245; Baker,
Handb. Amaryllid. 64.

Upper Guinea. Gold Coast, Burton g Cameron ! Lagos, Moloney! Yoruba,
Millson, 66! Rowland ! Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Mann, 779! Rio del Rey, John-
ston ! Cameroon mountain at 4000 ft., Mann, 1341!

13. H. angolensis, Welw. ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 194.
Bulb globose, 1 in. diam., with a short neck. Leaves 3-4, produced
direct from the bulb; petiole 6-7 in. long, dilated at the base; blade
oblong, cuspidate, 4—1 ft. long, 4 in. broad, rounded at the base; maim
veins 8-9 between the midrib and edge ; transverse veinlets fine, close,
oblique. Peduncle short, 1 ft. long, arising from the centre of the
leaves. Umbel dense, 4-5 in. diam. ; pedicels 1-1} in. long; spathe-
valves deciduous. Perianth bright crimson ; tube } in. long; segments
linear, 3-5 nerved, 3 in. long. Filaments about 1 in. long; anthers
oblong, y in. long.— Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 65.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, 1000-2400 ft., Welwitsch, 4008!

Hemanthus. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEH (BAKER). 391

14. H. longipes, Zngl. Jahrb. vii. 332. Bulb globose, 1 in. diam.
Leaves 3, shortly petioled, oblong, cuspidate, 6—9 in. long, 24—3 in. broad ;
main veins indistinct, the inner 4 in. apart; cross-veinlets nearly
horizontal. Peduncle central, moderately stout. Umbel many-
flowered, 4-5 in. diam.; spathe-valves deciduous; pedicels 1-1} in.
long. Perianth-tube 4 in. long; segments linear, half as long again as
the tube. Filaments as long as the perianth-segments.—Notizbl.
Königl. Bot. Gart. Berl. i. 1897, 290, with tab.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Mungo, Buchholz, and without precise locality,
Preuss, 874!

Flowered in the Berlin Botanic Garden in 1897.

15. H. Lindeni, V. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1890, viii. 436,
jig. 85. Bulb globose. Leaves about 8, produced direct from the bulb ;
petiole slender, nearly or quite as long as the blade; blade oblong, acute,
rounded at the base, 9-12 in. long, 34—4 in. broad; main veins 9-10
between the midrib and edge ; cross veinlets very fine, oblique. Peduncle
stout, central, 1-14 ft. long. Umbel dense, 6-8 in. diam. ; pedicels
1} in. long; bracts numerous, linear, 14—2 in. long. Perianth bright
salmony scarlet, fading to pink; tube 8-10 lin. long; segments linear,
d-nerved, above 1 in. long. Filaments bright red, 14-14 in. long;
anthers oblong, A in. long. —IIl. Hort. 1890, t. 112.

Lower Guinea. Congo, cultivated specimen, Linden !

16. H. brachyandrus, Baker. Bulb and leaves unknown.
Peduncle slender, umbel dense, globose, many-flowered, 1-14 in.
diam.; bracts several, ascending, membranous, lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, 1 in. long ; pedicels very short. Perianth whitish ; tube 4 in.
long; segments linear, ascending, } in. long. Stamens much shorter
than the perianth-segments; filaments not longer than the oblong
anthers.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone: near Kundita, growing in water, Scott-Elliot,
5082!

17. H. bivalvis, G. Beck in Paulit. Harar, 452, Jig. 1. Bulb and
leaves unknown. Peduncle nearly 1 ft. long, mottled with red towards
the base. Umbel dense, many-flowered, 2—3 in. diam. ; spathe-valves 2,
broad, ovate, green, ascending, bifid, above 2 in. long; pedicels shorter
than the flowers. Perianth-tube under } in. long; segments linear,
rather longer than the tube; papillose on the inner side below the tip.
Filaments 1 in. long.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Mount Haquin, near Harar, Paulitschke.

No specimen at Kew.

18. H. somaliensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 227. Leaves 3,
produced on a short special stem contemporary with the flowers, shortly
petioled, oblong, acute, } ft. long, cuneate at the base. Peduncle slender,
lateral, 6-8 in. long. Umbel globose, 2-3 in. diam.; bracts very un-
equal, oblong or lanceolate, ascending, 14 in. long; pedicels } in. long.

392 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). | Hemanthus.

Perianth-tube }-4 in. long ; segments linear, ascending, as long as the
tube. Filaments twice as long as the perianth-segments; anthers
very small. Berry globose, the size of a pea.

Nile Land. Somaliland: summit of the Golis range, 5900 ft., Miss Edith Cole !
Mrs, Lort-Phillips !

19. H. Nicholsoni, Baker. Leaves unknown. Peduncle slender.
Umbel 3 in. diam. ; spathe-valves 2, small, lanceolate, spreading ; pedicels
l in. long. Perianth-tube slender, cylindrical, 4 in. long; segments
linear, 1-nerved, 4 in. long, not spreading. Stamens as long as the
perianth-segments ; anthers small, oblong, yellow. Style finally 4 in.
longer than the perianth-segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: North Nyasaland, Nicholson !
Seems to be intermediate between the two sections.

8, BUPHANE, Herb.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 730.

Perianth erect, hypocrateriform ; tube short, subcylindrical or cam-
panulate; segments equal, linear or lanceolate. Stamens inserted at
the throat of the perianth-tube; filaments straight, filiform; anthers
oblong, versatile. Ovary turbinate, 3-celled; ovules 2 in a cell, colla-
teral, sessile at the middle of the axile placentas; style subulate; stigma
capitate, obscurely 3-lobed. Capsule turbinate, loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds solitary, globose, green.—Rootstock a very large tunicated bulb.
Leaves coriaceous, ensiform or lingulate. Peduncle stout, small. Flowers
small, red, densely umbellate ` spathe of two large ovate valves.

Species 3, all African,

1. B. disticha, Herb. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 2578. Bulb subglobose,
6-9 in. diam., with very numerous brown membranous tunics. Leaves
8-16, distichous, ensiform, glabrous, suberect, often undulate, 1-1} ft.
long. Peduncle stout, compressed, glaucous, 4—1 ft. long. Umbel dense,
3-1 ft. diam.; pedicels 2—4 in. long; spathe-valves ovate, 2-3 in. long.
Perianth-tube subcylindrical, 1-4 in. long; segments linear, ł-1 1n.
long. Stamens equalling or a little exceeding the perianth-segments.
Capsule turbinate, ł in. long—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 73. B.
toxicaria, Herb. loc. cit. Amaryllis disticha, Linn. f. Suppl. 195;
Paterson’s Travels, 51. Hamanthus toxicarius, Thunb. Prod. 59 ; Fi.
Cap. edit. Schultes, 298.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch, 4924, 4025, 4026!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lake Tanganyika, Cameron ! between
Lake Nyasa and Lake Tanganyika, 6000-8000 ft., Thomson! Higher Plateau, north
of Lake Nyasa, Thomson! British Central Africa: Nyasaland: Stevenson Road,
Scott-Elliot, 8444! Magomero, Meller ! Blantyre, Buchanan !

Also in South Africa.

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 393

9. CRINUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 726.

Perianth hypocrateriform or funnel-shaped; tube long, subcylindrieal,
straight or curved ; segments linear or lanceolate, spreading, or oblong
and permanently ascending. Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the
perianth-tube ; filaments long, filiform ; anthers linear, versatile. Ovary
3-celled ` ovules few in a cell, sometimes only two; style long, filiform,
more or less declinate ; stigma minute, capitate. Fruit irregular in shape,
finally bursting. Seeds large, bulbiform, with very thick albumen.—
Rootstock a large bulb with membranous tunics. Peduncle solid.
Flowers few or many in an umbel, white or tinged or keeled with red ;
outer spathe-valves 2, large, deltoid.

Species 80-90. Tropical and warmer regions of both hemispheres.

“STENASTER. Perianth- tube cylindrical; segments
linear or lanceolate, spreading.
Segments half as long as the tube.
Segments linear.
Perianth-tube 23-3 in. long.

Pedicels short R 1. C. Bainesii.
Pedicels 2—1 in. long 2. C. Thruppit.
Pedicels 1-2 in. long 3. C. tinneanun,
Perianth-tube 3—4 in. long.
Flowers nearly sessile 4. C. Pogget.
Pedicels 3—1 in. long C. Lastii.
Perianth-tube 4—5 in. long.
Peduncle moderately stout 6. C. longitubum.
Peduncle very stout 7. C. Menyharthi,
Segments lanceolate.
Perianth-tube 4-5 in. long.
Flowers erect . : S : S : . 8. C. belkianum,
Flowers subcernuous A : k : . 9. C. subcernuum,
Perianth-tube 5-6 in. long.
Leaves suberect i : : : 2 . 10. C. purpurascens.
Leaves floating $ Š : : . 11. C. natans.
Segments 3-2 the length of the tube.
Perianth-tube 2 in. long : : : S . 12. C. angolense.
Perianth-tube 3 in. long.
Anthers 4 in. long . : - : . 13. C, leucophyllum.
Anthers Ł in. Jong . : : : . . 14, C. rhodanthum,
Perianth-tube 3-4 in. long. i
Leaves 1 in. broad i i a . : . 15. C. ammocharoides,
Leaves 2-24 in. broad ; ; S ; : 26. ©. buphanoides.
Segments as long as the tube : : i : . 17. C. Welwitschii.
**CODONOCRINUM. Perianth-tube curved; limb bell-
shaped.
Segments with a distinct keel of red.
Pedicels long.
Pedicels 1-14 in. long. EC
Leaves 1-2 in. broad e ; : : . 18. C. longifolium,
Leaves 4-5 in, broad i : S ; . 19. C. massaianum,

Pedicels 2 in. long. : : 5 > .. 20. C. pedicellatum.

394 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDE# (BAKER). | Crinum.

Pedicels short.
Flowers 1-3 in an umbel.

Leaves 4 in, broad 5 : : - . 21. C. pauciflorum,

Leaves }—3 in. broad ; : d - . 22. C. parvum.

Leaves 3-1 in. broad. ;
Perianth-limb 3 in. long. - . 23. C. majakallense.
Perianth-limb 35-4 in. long . : : . 24. C. yucceflorum.
Perianth-limb 4-6 in. long . . 25. C. distichum.

Flowers few in an umbel.
Leaves 1-1} in. broad.

Perianth-tube 4 in. long > : - . 26. C. tanganyikense.

Perianth-tube 5-6 in. long . : : . 27. C. sanderianum.
Leaves 13-2 in. broad.

Leaves scabrous on the margins. : . 28. C. scabrum,

Leaves ciliated on the margin : . 29. C. fimbriatulum.

Flowers many in an umbel. :

Peduncle not very stout . S : S . 30. C. zeylanicum.
Peduncles very stout : : : : . 3l. C. Kirka.

Segments not keeled with red.
Leaves not narrowed at the base.
Flowers few in an umbel.

Perianth-tube 13-2 in. long . ; i . 32. C. abyssinicum.

Perianth-tube 3—4 in. long.
Leaves under 1 in, broad S S : 393 C rautenenianum.,
Leaves 2 in. broad é : : : 34 C. Schimper.

Perianth-tube 5-6 in. long : i S -39. Ç. Laurentii.

Flowers many in an umbel . S : . 86. C. crassipes.
Leaves much narrowed to the base.
Leaves 1 ft. long . : : S : . 87. C. podophyllum.
Leaves 2-3 ft, long . : : ; : . 88. C. giganteum.

1. ©. Bainesii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1881, xvi. 39. Bulb and
leaves unknown. Peduncle moderately stout, 4 ft. long in the specimen
seen. Flowers 20-30 in a dense umbel; pedicels $—? in. long ; spathe-
valves ovate, membranous and reflexed when the flowers expand.
Perianth red; tube slender, straight, cylindrical, 24-3 in. long ;
segments linear, half as long as the tube. Filaments nearly as long as
the perianth-segments, bright red; anthers linear-oblong, } in. long.
Style reaching to the tip of the perianth-segments.—Baker, Handb.
Amaryllid. 79.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; near Olukonda,
Schinz, 522.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kobis, Baines!

2. C. Thruppii, Baker in James, Unknown Horn of Africa, 322.
Leaves short, lanceolate, closely veined, firm in texture, 2 in. broad,
ciliate op the margin with minute scales. Peduncle short, stout.
Flowers 2)-30 in a dense umbel, all erect, red; pedicels 3-1 in. long 5
spathe-valves small, deltoid. Perianth-tube very slender, 25-3 in. long ;
segments linear, 2 in. long. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments ;
anthers linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.— Baker,
Handb. Amaryllid. 79.

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEH (BAKER). 395

Nile Land. Somaliland: Hahi, James A Thrupp! British East Africa:
between the River Jub and Lake Stefanie, Donaldson Smith,

3. C. tinneanum, Kotschy d Peyr. Pl. Tinneane, 44, t. 21. Bulb
and leaves unknown. Peduncle green, compressed, moderately stout.
Flowers 12-30 in an umbel; pedicels 1-2 in. long; spathe-valves
lanceolate-deltoid, 2-3 in. long. Perianth rose-red ; tube slender,
straight, cylindrical, 24-3 in. long; segments linear, spreading, not
more than half as long as the tube. Filaments half as long as the
perianth-segments ; anthers linear-oblong, } in. long.

Wile Land. Kordofan, near Obeid, Kotschy, 392! banks of the Bahr el Ghazal,
Miss Tinne, 7a.

Also seen in a garden at Gondokoro by Father Knoblecher,

No specimen at Kew.

4. C. Poggei, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 141. Bulb and leaves
unknown. Peduncle robust, 4—4 in. diam. Umbel dense, 30-flowered ;
flowers erect, nearly sessile; spathe-valves triangular, acute, 14 in. long,
withered at the time of flowering. Perianth-tube very slender, straight,
cylindrical, above 3 in. long; segments linear, spreading, half as long as
the tube. Filaments shorter than the perianth-segments; anthers
linear-oblong, 4—4 in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.

Lower Guinea, Angola: near the River Kuango, Pogge, 422.

No specimen at Kew.

5. CG Lastii, Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 79. Bulb globose, 4—5 in.
diam.; neck short. Leaves linear, distichous, as long as the peduncle.
Peduncle half.as long again as the flowers, stout, much compressed.
Flowers 20 or more in a dense umbel, all erect ` pedicels 4—1 in. Jong:
spathe-valves triangular, membranous. Perianth-tube very slender,
34 in. long; segments pink, linear, 14 in. long. Stamens as long as
the perianth-segments ; anthers linear-oblong, } in. long. Style over-
topping the anthers.

l Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Kaguru (Nguru ?) mountains, 2000 ft.,
ast !

6. C. longitubum, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 141. Bulb and leaves
unknown. Peduncle moderately stout, 4—4 in. diam. Umbel dense,
20-flowered ; flowers erect ; pedicels reaching 14 in. long ; spathe-valves
triangular, acute, 3—84 in. long, reflexed and faded when the flowers
are expanded. Perianth-tube straight, cylindrical, nearly 5 in. long ;
segment linear, spreading, half as long as the tube. Filaments shorter
than the perianth-segments ; anthers linear, }—} in. long. Style over-
topping the anthers.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Teuscz, 294,

No specimen at Kew.

7. C. Menyharthi, Baker. Bulb larger than a man’s head.
Leaves unknown. Peduncle ? in. diam., less than 1 ft. long. Flowers

396 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEE (BAKER) [ Crinum,

many in an umbel; spathe-valves 4 in. long; pedicels erect, 14-14 in.
long. Perianth-tube straight or slightly curved, 4-4} in. long; segments
linear, ascending, many-nerved, much tinged with red, half as long as
the tube. Filaments red, as long as the perianth-segments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Boruma, on the River Zambesi,
Menyharth, 690!

8. C. belkianum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 47.
Leaves ensiform, about 15 in. long, 14 in. broad, narrowed to the tip,
scabrous on the margin. Peduncle robust. Flowers many in an umbel,
pedicellate. Perianth-tube straight, erect, 4-4} in. long; segments
spreading, lanceolate, above 2 in. long, 4 in. broad. Filaments nearly
as long as the perianth-segments.

Lower Guinea, German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Belch, 60D.

No specimen at Kew.

9. C. subcernuum, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1881, xvi. 180. Bulb
large, globose. Leaves lorate, erect. Peduncle moderately stout,
13-24 ft. long. Flowers 10-15 in an umbel; pedicels sometimes
1—1} in. long ; spathe-valves large, ovate-lanceolate, reflexing. Perianth-
tube slender, cylindrical, 4—5 in. long, curved before the flower expands;
segments lanceolate or linear, greenish-white, with a faint tinge of
purple, half as long asthetube. Filaments bright red, under 2 in. long ;
anthers linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.—Baker,
Handb. Amaryllid. 84.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta ; Kongoni River,
Kirk, 317! Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk !

10. C. purpurascens, Herb. Amaryllid. 250. Amphibious. Bulb
ovoid, stoloniferous, 2 in. diam. Leaves many to a bulb, suberect,
moderately firm, waved, bright green, strap-shaped, 14-3 ft. long, 14 in.
broad at the middle. Peduncle slender, shorter than the leaves. Flowers
4-6 subsessile in an umbel; spathe-valves lanceolate, 2-3 in. long.
Perianth- tube slender, tinged with purple, 5-6 in. long; segments
lanceolate, spreading, half as long as the tube. Filaments purple, nearly
as long as the perianth segments ; anthers linear, 4-3 in. long. Style
overtopping the anthers.—Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6525 & Handb.
Amaryllid. 84, ex parte.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: Ayesane, Millen, 174 of 1893 collection! Niger
Delta: Bonny, Kalbreyer, 57!

Lower Guinea. Corisco Island, Mann, 1878!

11. C. natans, Baker. Aquatic. Bulb small, narrow-ovoid, sending
out many long root fibres. Leavesas many as 20 to a bulb, submerged,
strap-shaped, membranous, waved, 3 ft. long, 1-14 in. broad at
middle. Inflorescence, perianth and stamens as in C. purpurascens,
Herb., but stouter.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Franziga, Scott-Elliot, 4732! near
Kurusu, Scott-Elliot, 5542! Gold Coast, Burton & Cameron! Fernando Po, “in

fresh-water streams,” Mann, 1416! Niger Delta: in running water “just above
the influence of the sea,’ Kirk !

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 397

12, CG angolense, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 730. Bulb large, ovoid.
Leaves 6-8 to a bulb, lorate, much curved, distichous, thick, ciliate with
minute scales, glaucous, 6-8 in. long, 4—3 in. broad. Peduncle 4 in.
diam., not more than 1-2 in. long. Flowers 6-8 in an umbel, dull red;
pedicels very short; spathe-valves lanceolate, green, 14-2 in. long.
Perianth-tube straight, cylindrical, 2 in. long; segments spreading,
linear, half as long as the tube. Filaments 4 in. long; anthers small,
oblong. Style not overtopping the anthers.— Baker, Handb, Amaryllid.
80; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 170. Buphane angolensis, Baker
in Journ. Bot. 1878, 197.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in damp pastures, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch,
4012!

13. C. leucophyllum, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6783. Bulb ovoid,
5-6 in. diam. Leaves 12-15, distichous, lorate-oblong, whitish-green,
reflexing, thick in texture, 14-2 ft. long, 5-6 in. broad, minutely denti-
culate on the edges. Peduncle much compressed, 1 ft. long, 1 in. diam.
Flowers 30-40 in a dense centripetal umbel; pedicels 1-2 in. long;
spathe-valves deltoid, membranous, 3 in. long. Perianth-tube slender,
erect, 3 in. long; segments lanceolate, pink, 2-24 in. long. Filaments
a little shorter than the perianth-segments ; anthers linear, } in. long.
Style overtopping the anthers.—Handb. Amaryllid. 78.

Lower Guinea. Damaraland: cultivated specimen, Hen! Amboland: Oman-
dongo, Schinz, 2056 !

Originally described from a plant cultivated at Kew, brought home by Capiain
Thure Gustaf Een.

14. C. rhodanthum, Baker. Leaves lorate, above 1 ft. long
12-21 lin. broad, thick, densely and shortly ciliate on the margin
Peduncle 4 in. diam. Umbel many-flowered ; spathe-valves lanceolate
membranous, 3 in. long; pedicels ł-1 in. long. Perianth-tube 3 in.
long ; segments lanceolate, red, 24 in. long, } in. broad, erecto-patent in
the lower half and faleate above the middle when expanded. Stamens
as long as the perianth-segments ` filaments red ; anthers $ in. long.
Style overtopping the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 40!

15. C. ammocharoides, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 195. Bulb
large, globose; neck short. Leaves 6-8 to a bulb, firm, closely veined,
much curved, about 1 ft. long, 1 in. broad, minutely ciliate on the
margin. Peduncle stout, much compressed, 3-6 in. long. Flowers
10-20 in a dense umbel; spathe-valves lanceolate, 2-3 in. long ; pedicels
4—1 in. long. Perianth-tube slender, straight, 3-4 in. long; segments
linear, bright red, 2-3 in. long. Filaments bright red, as long as the
perianth-segments ; anthers linear-oblong, } in. long. Style just over-
topping the anthers —Handb. Amaryllid. 79.

Wile Land. Kordofan: Obeuad, Pfund, 377! El Obeid, Pfund, 765 ` British
East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1370! 1787! ser. iii. 208!

398 CXXXVII, AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). [ Crinum.

16. C. buphanoides, Welw. ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 195.
Bulb 5-6 in. diam. Leaves ensiform, firm in texture, 14-14 ft. long,
2-24 in. broad at the middle, tapering gradually to the point, ciliate
on the edges with minute lanceolate scales. Peduncle moderately
stout, 1 ft. long. Flowers 30—40 in an umbel; spathe-valves deltoid,
deciduous ; pedicels 1-14 in. long. Perianth-tube erect, 3—4 in. long;
segments linear, 2-24 in. long, } in. broad, white keeled with red.
Filaments nearly as long as the segments; anthers linear, } in. long.
Style as long as the segments.— Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 80.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo’Andongo; in sandy woods, Welwitsch, 4014!

17. ©. Welwitschii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1881, xvi. 40.
Leaves linear, moderately firm in texture, 1} ft. long, }-} in. broad ;
edge slightly scabrous. Perianth-tube cylindrical, curved, 4 in. long ;
segments linear, ascending nearly as long as the tube. Stamens less
than half as long as the perianth-segments.—Handb. Amaryllid. 78.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch, 4016!

18. C. longifolium, Thunb. var. farinianum, Baker in Gard.
Chron. 1887, i. 833. Bulb ampulliform, 24-3 in. diam., narrowed
gradually into a neck } ft. long. Leaves 10-12 to a bulb, ensiform,
glaucous, narrowed gradually to a long point, 3-4 ft. long ; the outer 2 in.
broad low down ; the inner narrower. Peduncle stout, stiffly erect, 2 ft.
long. Umbel 5-6 flowered; pedicels 1-14 in. long; spathe-valves
ovate, 3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, cylindrical, green, 3}—4 in.
long ; segments oblong, acute, ascending, 3 in. long, 2-3 in. broad,
tinged with red outside, but not distinctly keeled. Stamens a little
shorter than the perianth-segments ; anthers linear, } in. long. Style
overtopping the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Kalahari Desert, in streams, among
rushes, cultivated specimen, Farini /

The locality is perhaps outside the Tropic. We had also a living plant at Kew in
1894, obtained from Mr. H. Rider Haggard, believed to come from an intertropical
station. The species is widely spread in South Africa,

19. C. massaianum, A. E Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1888, 100.
Bulb large, with a very elongated neck, altogether 14 ft. long. Leaves
thin, lorate, 34-4 ft. long, 4-5 in. broad low down, tapering gradually
to a point. Peduncle moderately stout, 24 ft. long. Umbel many-
flowered; pedicels 1-1} in. long; spathe-valves ovate, membranous,
3 in. long. Perianth-tube 4-5 in. long; segments oblong, ascending,
3} in. long, 1 in. broad, white, with a distinct keel of bright red.
Stamens bright red, nearly as long as the perianth-segment ; anthers
linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.—Brunsvigia ?
massaiana, L. Linden & Rodig. in Ill. Hort. 1887, 55, t. 19.

Lower Guinea. Congo: cultivated specimen, Linden !

This plant was originally described as a native of Zanzibar, but, according to
Mr. L. Linden, it came from the Congo Region.

A plant collected by Fleck in Hereroland is referred doubtfully by Dr. Schinz to
the nearly-allied C. forbesianum, Herb, (Bot. Mag. t. 6545). °

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEE (BAKER). 399

20. C. pedicellatum, Pux in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 142. Bulb and
leaves unknown. Peduncle robust. Umbel 9-flowered; pedicels 2 in.
long; spathe-valves triangular, acuminate, withered at the flowering
time, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 4 in. long ; segments oblong,
acute, nearly as long as the tube, nearly 1 in. broad, white tinged
with rose-red. Anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style 74-8 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usmawo, by Lake Victoria Nyanza,
between Magu and Kagehi, Fischer, 592.

No specimen at Kew.

21. C. pauciflorum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 195. Bulb
globose, 2-3 in. diam. ; neck very short. Leaves 6-8 toa bulb, narrowly
linear, firm in texture, stiffly erect, 1—14 ft. long, } in. broad, smooth
on the margin. Peduncle slender, 6-8 in. long. Flowers 1—2 to an
umbel; spathe-valves lanceolate, erect, sometimes connate in the lower
part, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 4-5 in. long; segments
oblong, acute, ascending, 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, white with a distinct
red keel. Filaments 1 in. shorter than the perianth-segments ;
anthers linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.—Handb.
Amaryllid. 88.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1975 !

22. C. parvum, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 284. Bulb small,
ovoid, not narrowed into a neck. Leaves 5-7, contemporary with the
flowers, linear, thin, glabrous, $—-3 in. broad at the middle. Peduncle
slender, terete, as long as the leaves. Flower solitary, sessile; spathe-
valves lanceolate, 14 in. long. Perianth-tube erect, cylindrical, greenish,
3 in. long; segment as long as tube, 4 in. broad, white keeled with
red. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-limb.

Mozamb. Dist. Banks of the Zambesi, cultivated specimen, Buchanan !

Described from a plant flowered at Queenstown, Ireland, May 1896, by Mr.
W. E. Gumbleton, who procured it from Mr, J. O’Brien, to whom it was sent by Mr.
J. Buchanan, and is, therefore, probably a native of Nyasaland, rather than of the
locality ascribed to it.

23. C. majakallense, Baker. Bulb unknown. Leaf linear,
firm, ? in. broad, denticulate on the margin. Peduncle moderately
slender. Flowers not more than 3 in an umbel; pedicels very short ;
spathe-valves oblong, acute, 3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 4 in.
long; segments oblong, acute, connivent, 3 in. long, with a broad band
of bright red on the back. Stamens much shorter than the perianth-
segments.

Lower Guinea. Majakalla: near the River Kuango, Mechow, 529!

No specimen at Kew.

Near C, yucceflorum, Salisb.

24. C. yucczeflorum, Salish. Parad. t. 52. Bulb globose, medium-
sized, without any distinct neck. Leaves 10-12 to a bulb, linear, firm
in texture, closely veined, 1-1} ft. long, about 1 in, broad, scabrous

400 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). [ Crinum.

on the margin. Peduncle slender, 1 ft. long. Flowers 1-2 in an
umbel, sessile ` spathe-valves lanceolate, green, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-
tube greenish, curved, 4—5 in. long; segments oblong, acute, ascending,
34-4 in. long ; 3-1 in. broad, white with a distinct band of red down
the back. Filaments about 1 in. shorter than the perianth-segments ;
anthers linear-oblong, } in. long. Style reaching to the top of the
segments.— Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 89. C. Broussoneti’, Herb. in
Bot. Mag. t. 2121; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 688; Bury, Hexand. t. 21.
Amaryllis Broussonetii, Red. Lil. t. 62. A. spectabilis, Andr. Bot. Rep.
t. 390. <A. ornata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 418.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, introduced into cultivation by Lord Petre in
1740. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1504! 1507!

Lower Guinea. Corisco Island, Mann, 1877! Angola, Welwitsch, 4015!

25. C. distichum, Herb. Amaryllid, 260. Bulb small, globose.
Leaves about 10 to a bulb, distichous, linear, firm in texture, channelled
down the face, tapering to the point, 1 ft. long, under 1 in. broad.
Peduncle slender, 1 ft. long. Flowers 1—2 in an umbel, sessile ; spathe-
valves lanceolate, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-tube slender, curved, 4—6 in.
long; segments oblanceolate, oblong, ascending, 3-4 in. long, white
with a distinct red keel. Filaments 1 in. shorter than the perianth-
segments; anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.—
Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 89. Amaryllis ornata, Gawl. in Bot. Mag.
t. 1253, excl. syn.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius ! cultivated specimen, Scott-Elliot !

26. C. tanganyikense, Baker. Leaves ensiform, 14 ft. long,
1-1} in. broad low down, moderately firm, not scabrous or ciliate on
the margin. Peduncle slender. Flowers 2-4 in an umbel, sessile;
spathe-valves ovate-cuspidate, 2 in. long. Perianth-tube erect, 4 in.
long; segments of the limb oblong, as long as the tube, 1 in. broad,
with a broad red keel down the back. Stamens rather shorter than
the perianth-limb. Style reaching to the tip of the segments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uzige, north end of Lake Tanganyika,
in banana groves, Scott-Elliot, 8302!

27. C. sanderianum, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1884, xxii. 102.
Bulb globose, 2 in. diam., with a short neck. Leaves 10-12 to a bulb,
linear, 14-2 ft. long, 1-1} in. broad, narrowed gradually to a long
point, denticulate on the margin. Peduncle slender, 1 ft. long.
Flowers 3-6 in an umbel, subsessile ; spathe-valves lanceolate, 3-4 m.
long. Perianth-tube curved, 5-6 in. long; segments oblong, acute,
ascending, 3—4 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, white distinctly keeled with red.
Stamens much shorter than the perianth-segments ; anthers linear, $ in.
long. Style overtopping the anthers.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 90 ;
Moore in Florist, 1884, 157 ; Garden, 1897, lii. 122, t. 1131. C. ornatum,
Bury, Hexand. t. 18.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: very common in wet places from Bafodeya to
Farana, Scott-Elliot, 5155! Lagos, Millen !

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 401

Originally described from a dried specimen from Sierra Leone, sent to Kew by
Mr, F. Sander of St. Albans.

H

28. C. scabrum, Herb. in Bot. May. t. 2180. Bulb globose,
5-6 in. diam.; neck short. Leaves a dozen or more to a bulb, ensiform,
moderately firm, bright green, 2-3 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad at the
middle, tapering gradually to the point, scabrous on the margin.
Peduncle moderately stout, 1-2 ft. long. Flowers 4-8 in an umbel;
pedicels very short ` spathe-valves ovate, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-tube
curved, greenish, 4—5 in. long; segments oblong, acute, ascending,
24-3 in. long, 1 in. broad, white with a distinct red keel. Filaments
rather shorter than the perianth-segments; anthers linear, }—} in.
long. Style reaching to the tip of the perianth-segments.—Bury,
Hexand. t. 32; Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 90; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.
Trop. Afr. 170 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 80. C. ruep-
pelianum, Fresen. in Verhand. Befoerd, Gartenb. iii. 265. C. Doric,
Dammann, Cat. No. 73 (1894), 7? Amaryllis vittata, A. Rich. Tent.
Fl. Abyss. ii. 311.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Bogos; Keren, Beccari, 120! cultivated specimen,
Penzig! Abyssinia: Wojerat, Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 52! Kordofan: El Obeid,
Pfund, 263! Kisgil, Pfund, 1378! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schwein-
Surth, ser. iii. 209! Bongo; Gir, Schweinfurth, 1523! Madi, Speke & Grant, 742!

29. C.fimbriatulum, Baker in Journ. Bot.1878, 196. Leaves linear,
reaching a length of 4-5 ft., 2 in. broad low down, tapering gradually
to the point, glaucous green, ciliate on the edge with minute scales.
Peduncle moderately stout, 2 ft. long. Flowers 3-7 in an umbel,
subsessile ; spathe-valves lanceolate. Perianth-tube curved, 4-5 in.
long ; segments oblong, acute, ascending, 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, white
with a distinct bright red keel. Stamens 1 in. shorter than the
perianth-segments ; anthers linear, 4—4 in. long. Style reaching to the
tip of the perianth-segments.—Handb. Amaryllid. 90.

Lower Guinea. Loanda: in marshy meadows at a low level, Welwitsch
4048! 4019!

30. C. zeylanicum, Linn. Syst. ed. xii. 236. Bulb globose, 5-6 in.
diam.; neck short. Leaves 6-10 to a bulb, thin, ensiform, bright
green, 2-3 ft. long, 3-4 in. broad, slightly scabrous on the margin.
Peduncle long, not very stout, often tinged with red. Flowers 10—20
in an umbel; pedicels very short; spathe-valves ovate, 3-4 in. long.
Perianth-tube curved, 3—4 in. long; segments oblong, acute, ascending,
as long as the tube, 1 in. broad, white, with a broad bright red keel.
Stamens 1 in. shorter than the segments ; anthers linear, } in. long.
Style overtopping the anthers.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 87. C.
ornatum, vars. zeylanicum and herbertianum, Herb. Amaryllid. 262-263.
Amaryllis zeylanica, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. ii. 421. A. ornata, Bot. Mag.
t.1171.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz, Monteiro!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta; banks of the
River Kongoni, Kirk, 140! 316.

VOL, VII. 2 D

402 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEH (BAKER). [ Crinum.

Also widely spread in Tropical Asia.

Var. reductum, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1883, xx. 618. Bulb 2 in. diam., copiously
stoloniferons, Leaves 1-1} ft. long, 18-21 lin. broad. Peduncle under 1 ft, long.
Perianth-tube curved, 5-6 in. long ; segments 3-34 in, long.

Mozamp, Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk!

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in 1881. No specimen in the Kew
Herbarium. Probably it should stand as a distinct species.

31. ©. Kirkii, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6512. Bulb globose, 6-8 in.
diam.; neck } ft. long. Leaves a dozen or more to a bulb, reflex-
ing from near the base, thin, ensiform, bright green, 34-4 ft. long,
441 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to a long point, denticulate
on the edge. Peduncles stout, compressed, 1-14 ft. long. Flowers
12-15 in an umbel; pedicels none or very short ; spathe-valves ovate,
reddish-brown, 3-4 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, greenish, 4 in.
long; segments oblong, acute, ascending, as long as the tube, 1-1} in.
broad, white with a broad keel of bright red. Filaments white, 1} in.
shorter than the segments; anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style over-
topping the anthers.—Handb. Amaryllid. 91.

Wile Land, British East Africa: near Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 12288!

Mozamb, Dist. Zanzibar: cultivatedspecimen, Kirk / Kilimanjaro expedition,
cultivated specimen, Smith !

Described from a plant sent from Zanzibar to Kew by Sir John Kirk in 1879.

32. C. abyssinicum, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 3L.
Bulb ovoid, 3 in. diam. ; neck short. Leaves about 6 to a bulb, sub-
erect, linear, 1-14 ft. long, 4—1 in. broad, narrowed gradually to the
point, closely veined, denticulate on the edges. Peduncle moderately
stout, 1—2 ft. long. Flowers 4-6 in an umbel; pedicels none or very
short; spathe-valves ovate-lanceolate, green, 2 in. long. Perianth-tube
slender, curved, 14—2 in. long; segments oblong, acute, 2—3 1n. long,
4-3 in. broad, white without any keel of red. Filaments under 1 im.
long; anthers linear, }-} in. long.—Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 89 ;
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 170.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Samen; between Enjedcap and Shoata, Schimper,
1374! and without precise locality, Schimper, 1198! Somaliland, Revoil.

33. C. rautanenianum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 48.
Bulb moderately large, globose. Leaves linear, erect, moderately firm,
1-1} ft. long, less than 1 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to a
long point, denticulate on the edge. Peduncle 1 ft. or more long,
moderately stout. Flowers 5 in an umbel; pedicels short ; spathe-
valves lanceolate, 3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved, 8—4 in. long ;
segments oblong, acute, ascending, pure white, as long as the tube, 1 in.
broad at the middle. Filaments 24 in. long; anthers linear.

Lower Guinea. Amboland: Olukonda, Schinz, 822!

34. C. Schimperi, Vatke ex Schumann in Gartenfl. 1889, GE
t. 1309. Bulb moderately large, globose, with an elongated neck.
Leaves 6-7, ensiform, moderately firm, 3 ft. long, 2 in. broad low down,

Crinum. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEE (BAKER). 403

tapering gradually to a long point, green above, rather glaucous
beneath, not ciliate on the margin. Peduncle stout, terete, 2 ft. long,
tinged with red. Flowers about 4 in an umbel; pedicels very short ;
spathe-valves ovate, membranous, 2-3 in. long. Perianth-tube curved,
greenish-white, 3—4 in. long ; segments oblong, acute, ascending, 1-14 in.
broad, without any red keel. Filaments white, 1 in. shorter than the
perianth-limb; anthers linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the
anthers.—Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 7417.
Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper.

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, August 1894.

35. C. Laurentii, Durand d De Wilde in Rev. Hort. Belg. xxiii.
(1897) 97, with figure. Bulb large, globose. Leaves about 20 to a bulb,
lanceolate, 12-16 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, reflexed from the base,
glaucous green, not much narrowed to the base. Peduncle stout, 1 ft.
long. Flowers 2—4 to an umbel ; pedicels none or very short ; spathe-
valves ovate. Perianth-tube greenish, 5-6 in. long, curved only at the
apex; segments oblong, obtuse, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. broad, spreading
widely. Stamens shorter than the perianth ; anthers small.

Lower Guinea. Southern French Congo: Mayumba; on the steep banks of
the Rivers Lukulla and Labusi, Laurent.

Flowered July 1896, at the Botanic Garden at Brussels. No specimen at Kew.

36. C. crassipes, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 126. Bulb
very large, conical, without any neck. Leaves ensiform, dark green,
moderately firm, 3—4 ft. long, 4 in. broad low down, tapering gradually
to the point, not denticulate nor ciliate on the margin. Peduncle
stout, compressed, under 1 ft. long. Flowers 15-20 in an umbel;
pedicels reaching 1-1} in. long; spathe-valves ovate, 3-4 in. long.
Perianth-tube green, slightly curved, 24-3 in. long; segments oblan-
ceolate, as long as the tube, ascending, } in. broad, tinged with red on
the back, not distinctly keeled. Filaments purple, nearly as long as the
perianth-segments ; anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style reaching to the
tip of the anthers.—Handb. Amaryllid. 90.

Tropical Africa (2). Locality not known with certainty, cultivated specimen !
Described from a plant flowered by Sir C. W. Strickland in July 1887, which was
purchased from Messrs. E. G. Henderson & Co.

37. C. podophyllum, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6483. Bulb sub-
globose, 14—2 in. diam., without any distinct neck. Leaves 5-6 to a
bulb, oblanceolate, acute, membranous, 1 ft. long, 2-3 in. broad at the
middle, subpetiolate. Peduncle compressed, slender, greenish, 1 ft.
long. Flowers 2 in an umbel, sessile; spathe-valves lanceolate, 14-2 in.
long. Perianth-tube slender, curved, 5-6 in. long; segments oblong,
acute, ascending, pure white, 3 in. long. Filaments nearly as long as
the segments; anthers linear, }-} in. long. Style as long as the
segments.—Handb. Amaryllid. 91.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar, Goldie! Kalbreyer!

404 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEÆ (BAKER). [Crinum.

38. C. giganteum, Andr. Bot. Rep. t.169. Bulb globose, 5-6 in.
diam.; neck short. Leaves 12 or more to a bulb, lanceolate, mem-
branous, laxly veined, 2-3 ft. long, 3—4 in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the point and to a narrow base. Peduncle stout, green,
compressed, 2-3 ft. long. Flowers generally 4-6, rarely 8-12 in an
umbel; pedicels none or very short ; spathe-valves ovate, green, 3—4 in.
long. Perianth-tube slender, curved, 5-7 in. long ` segments oblong,
pure white, 3—4 in. long, ascending, much imbricated, 1-1} in. broad.
Filaments pure white, 1 in. shorter than the perianth-segments ;
anthers linear, 4—3 in. long. Style reaching to the tip of the perianth-
segments.—Red. Lil. t. 181; Bury, Hexand. t. 17 ; Hook. in Bot. Mag.
t. 5205; Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 91. ©. vanillodorum, Welw.
ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 196; N. E. Br. in Ill. Hort. 1886,
t. 617. C. petiolatum, var. spectabile, Herb. Amaryllid. 260. Amaryllis
gigantea, Ait. Hort. Kew. edit. 2, ii. 226. A. latifolia, Lam. Encye.
i. 124. <A. candida, Tratt. Tab. t. 488.

Upper Guinea, Sierra Leone, Babingion! Ashantee : Assin-yan-Coomassie,
Cummins, 158! and without precise locality, Lanyon! Lagos: Eppah (Epé), on the
Kradu Lagoon, Barter, 3264! and without precise locality, Moloney ! Niger Terri-
tory: Nupe, Barter, 1500! 1503!

Lower Guinea, Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyauz, 359 ! Angola :
Golungo Alto, 1000-2400 ft., Welwitsch, 4020! 4021! Congo, cultivated specimen,
Linden!

South Central. Monbuttu: Munza, Schweinfurth, 3487 !

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Zomba, Buchanan !
Magomero, Meller !

Var. nobile, Baker. Peduncle and flower suffused with a tinge of red.— C. nobile,
Bull, Cat. 1888, 21 with fig.

Country not stated,

10. AMMOCHARIS, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 727.

Perianth funnel-shaped ; tube short above the ovary, cylindrical `
segments 6, equal, ascending, oblong, unguiculate. Stamens 6, inserted
at the throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments filiform, about as long as
the segments, equally divergent; anthers linear-oblong, dorsifixed,
versatile. Ovary ampulliform, narrowed into a distinct neck, 3-celled ;
ovules many, superposed; style filiform; stigma capitate. Fruit a
loculicidal, membranous capsule. Seeds globose.— Rootstock a large
tunicated bulb. Leaves many, bifarious, not contemporary with the
flowers. Peduncle stout. Flowers many in a dense umbel.

Species 3, all found in South Africa.

1. A. taveliana, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden. XXXL.
214. Bulb very large; tunics horizontally truncate at the apex.
Leaves oblong, acute, 15 in, or more long, above 2 in. broad. Peduncle
8-10 in. long, nearly 1 in. diam. Umbel dense, globose, 4-5 1m. diam. ;
pedicels 1} in, long; spathe-valves oblong, 1 in. broad. Perianth-tube

Ammocharis. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 405

above $in. long ; segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2 in. long. Capsule
the size of a pigeon’s egg ; pericarp thin, membranous.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland, Belch, 48a.
Also Great Namaqualand.
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

11. BRUNSVIGIA, Heist.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 728.

Perianth funnel-shaped, straight or slightly curved; tube very
short; segments lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subequal. Stamens
long, declinate, inserted in the perianth-tube ; filaments filiform, free;
anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary turbinate, 3-celled; ovules few or
many in a cell; style filiform, declinate; stigma capitate. Fruit
turbinate, acutely angled. Seeds green, globose, with a distinct funi-
cule.—Rootstock a large tunicated bulb. Leaves lorate or lingulate,
produced after the flowers. Peduncle stout, solid. Flowers bright red,
many in an umbel ; spathes 2-valved.

Species 10, the others all South African.

1. B. Kirkii, Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 99. Bulb and leaves
unknown. Apex of peduncle above 1 in. diam. Flowers 30-40 in an
umbel ; spathe-valves lingulate, reflexed, 14 in. long; pedicels acutely
angled, stiffly erect, 4—1 ft. long. Perianth 1 in. long; tube short;
segments lanceolate. Filaments longer than the perianth-segments ;
anthers small, oblong. Capsule turbinate, acutely angled, $—3 in. long.
Seeds 1 in a cell, globose, green, the size of a small pea.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara mountains, Kirk! British
Central Africa: Stevenson Road, between Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika, 4000-
5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8276 !

An unnamed species of Brunsvigia is stated by Dr. Schinz (Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv.
App. iii. 47) to occur both in Amboland and Hereroland.

12. NERINE, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 728.

Perianth funnel-shaped, cut down nearly or quite to the ovary,
erect or rather decurved; segments equal, oblanceolate, falcate, usually
more or less crisped. Stamens inserted at the base of the perianth-
segments ; filaments filiform, thickened at the base, suberect or declinate,
3 shorter ; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary globose, 3-lobed ;
ovules few in a cell, superposed ; style filiform, straight or declinate ;
stigma obscurely tricuspidate. Capsule globose, deeply 3-lobed, mem-
branous. Seeds 1 or few in a cell, globose.— Rootstock a tunicated
bulb. Leaves usually linear, produced with or a little after the flowers.
Umbels few or many-flowered ; spathe-valves 2, lanceolate. Flowers
pale or deep red.—Jmhojfia, Heist.

Species 15, all South African.

Peduncle long, slender, terete : . 1. N. undulata,
Pedunele short, stout, angled S : : e . 2 N. lucida.

406 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDE (BAKER). | Verine.

1. N. undulata, Herb. App. 19. Bulb ovoid, #-1 in. diam. ;
tunics pale, membranous. Leaves 4—6, contemporary with the flowers,
linear, bright green, 1-14 ft. long. Peduncle slender, terete, as long as
the leaves. Flowers 8-12 in a centrifugal umbel; pedicels slender,
1-1} in. long; spathe-valves as long as the pedicels. Perianth-limb
pale pink, 2-1 in. long ; segments oblanceolate, much crisped. Stamens
declinate, as long as the perianth. Capsule deeply lobed, + in. diam. ;
cells 1-seeded.—Kunth, Enum. v. 621. Amaryllis undulata, Linn.
Syst. Nat. edit. 12, 237. Imhofia undulata, Kuntze, Revis. Gen. 704;
Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 46.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland, Belck, 59B (ex Schinz).

Widely spread in South Africa.

No specimen from Tropical Africa at Kew.

2. N. lucida, Herb. Amaryllid. 283, t. 36, fig. 3. Bulb globose,
3—4 in. diam., with brown membranous tunics produced along its neck.
Leaves 6-8, contemporary with the flowers, linear, bright green, 1 ft.
or more long, 4—2 in. broad, scabrous on the edge. Peduncle stout,
ancipitous, 3-8 in. long. Flowers 20-40 in a centripetal umbel;
pedicels stiff, moderately stout, 3-4 in. long; spathe-valves ovate-
lanceolate. Perianth-limb 14-2 in. long, pale or bright red ; segments
oblanceolate, } in. broad, hardly at all crisped. Stamens and style
declinate, as long as the perianth. Capsule depresso-globose, 4—4 in.
diam.—Kunth, Enum. v. 620. Amaryllis laticoma, Ker in Bot. Reg.
t. 497. Imhofia laticoma, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 46.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland and Amboland (ex Schinz).

Also in the Kalahari region of South Africa.

No specimen from Tropical Africa at Kew.

13. PANCRATIUM, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 738.

Perianth-tube cylindrical, funnel-shaped at the apex; segments
linear or lanceolate, equal, spreading. Stamens inserted at the throat of
the perianth-tube ; filaments united in a conspicuous cup at the base,
filiform above it; anthers linear, versatile. Ovary 3-celled; ovules
many in a cell, superposed; style long, filiform; stigma capitate,
obscurely 3-lobed, Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds angled by
pressure; testa black.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves sessile,
linear or lorate. Peduncle solid. Flowers white, many or few in an
umbel; outer spathe-valves 2, lanceolate.

Species 14, widely spread through the subtemperate and tropical regions of the
Old World.

Leaves much twisted . 2 : S S S . 1. P. tortuosum.
Leaves not twisted.
Staminal cup 1 in. long . 4 : S S Ee E a trianthum.
Staminal cup 2 in. long . : - . . 3. P. maximum.

1. P. tortuosum, Herb. in Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, iv. 28. Bulb
globose, 13-2 in, diam., with a long cylindrical neck. Leaves 6-12, linear,

Pancratium. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEX (BAKER). 407

contemporary with the flowers, }-1 ft. long, conspicuously spirally
twisted, moderately firm, glabrous. Peduncle very short, moderately
stout. Flowers 2-4 in an umbel; pedicels very short ` spathe-valve
Jarge, ovate, membranous, Perianth-tube 5-6 in. long, dilated at the
apex; segments linear, ascending, above 2 in. long. Staminal cup
obconic, above 1 in. long, toothed between the short free tips of the
filaments; anthers linear, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.
Capsule-valves oblong, 1 in. long. — Baker, Handb. Amaryllid. 120.
P. tortifolium, Boiss. Diagn. xiii. 18.

Nile Land. Nubia: Mount Erkowit, near Suakin, Schweinfurth, 273! between
Suakin and Hor Tamanib, Lord !

Also in Arabia and Egypt.

2. P. trianthum, Lech, in Ann. Nat. Hist. ser.1,iv.28. Bulb globose,
1-2 in. diam., with brown tunics and a long cylindrical neck. Leaves
6-8, linear, flaccid, 1 ft. or more long, glabrous, not twisted. Peduncle
short, slender. Flowers 1-3 in an umbel; spathes lanceolate, mem-
branous, bifid at the tip. Perianth-tube slender, 4 ft. long, dilated in
the upper inch ; segments lanceolate, ascending, 2-3 in. long. Staminal
cup 1 in. long, with bifid teeth between the short free filaments;
anthers linear, yellow, } in. long. Style overtopping the anthers.—
Kunth, Enum. v. 663. P. tenuifolium, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. FI.
Abyss. ii. 312. P. Chapmanni, Harv. Cape Gen. edit. 2, 384.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 542! Sierra Leone: Falaba, Scott-
Elliot, 5213! 5287! French Guinea: Sulimania; Dantilia, Scott-Elliot, 5304!
Lagos: Badagry, Millen, 12€ of 1893 collection ! Abeokuta, Barter, 3328! Niger
Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1501! Baikie !

Nile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy,10! Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 32!
Abyssinia: valley of the River Tacazze, at the foot of the mountains, Schimper, 1695!
Efat, Roth, 145! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1865! Jur Emet, Schweinfurth,
1568! Somaliland: Hahee, James & Thrupp! Darra-as, Mrs. Lort-Phillips ! Golis
Range, Miss Edith Cole !

Lower Guinea. Hereroland (ex Schinz). Damaraland, Chapman!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; near the cataracts of the
River Shire, Kirk, 11! Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 39! Lake Ngami, McCabe,
35!

3. P. maximum, Forsk. Fl. Zgypt. Arab. 72. Bulb large, globose ;
outer tunics dull brown. Leaves 4-5 to a bulb, contemporary with
the flowers, linear, glabrous, not crisped, 1 ft. long, $ in. broad.
Peduncle short, 1-flowered; spathe tubular, membranous, 2 in. long.
Perianth-tube greenish, cylindrical, 4 in. long; segments lanceolate,
white, 24 in. long. Staminal cup 2 in. long, faintly lobed at the throat ;
free part of filaments } in. long; anthers linear, } in. long. Style
protruding slightly from the staminal cup.

Nile Land. Nubia: mountains above Suakin, bulbs brought home by the Bent
expedition in 1895.

Described from specimens flowered by Sir C. W. Strickland in 1897.

Also in Arabia.

408 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDE# (BAKER). [ Hymenocallis.

14. HYMENOCALLIS, Salisb.; Benth. et Hook f. Gen. PI. iii. 734.

Perianth hypocrateriform ; tube cylindrical; segments equal, linear
or lanceolate. Stamens united in the lower part in a distinct cup;
free portion of filaments filiform; anthers linear, versatile. Ovary
3-celled ; ovules 2 in each cell; style long, filiform; stigma capitate,
obscurely 3-lobed. Capsule large, globose, finally dehiscent. Seeds
large, globose, usually solitary, with a thick spongy testa.—Rootstock a
tunicated bulb. Leaves sessile, lorate or oblong, narrowed to a petiole.
Peduncle solid, compressed. Flowers usually pure white, many in an
umbel.

Species 30 ; all the others are American, and the African plant may have been
introduced from the New World.

1. H. senegambica, Kunth & Bouché in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol.
1848, 12. Leaves sessile, ensiform, acute, arcuate, 2 ft. long, 14-2 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed to 1 in. at the base. Peduncle about as
long as the leaves. Flowers 6-8 in an umbel, sessile; spathe-valves
ovate. Perianth-tube slender, 5-6 in. long; segments narrowly linear,
about 4 in. long. Staminal cup funnel-shaped, 1 in. long; free
filaments 2—24 in. long; anthers linear, 1 in. long—Kunth, Enum.
v. 676.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: cultivated at the Berlin Botanic Garden in
1848! Lagos: cultivated specimen, Carter !

Lower Guinea. Angola: sandy shores between Ambriz and Quizembo, Wel-
witsch, 4029!

Messrs. Dickson, of Chester, sent to Kew in 1892 a bulb of H. paludosa, Salisb.

(Pancratium mexicanum, Linn.), a native of the Southern United States, sent to them
from Lagos.

15. VELLOZIA, Vand. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 739.

Perianth funnel-shaped, without any tube above the ovary ; segments
subequal, ovate-lanceolate. Stamens 6 in the Tropical African species
(section Xerophyta), inserted at the base of the segments; filaments
filiform, often appendiculate with a lacerated scale at the base ; anthers
linear, basifixed, dehiscing laterally. Ovary clavate, 3-celled ; ovules
many, superposed ; style filiform ; stigma terminal, 3-lobed or trifur-
cate. Capsule coriaceous, dehiscing at the apex. Seeds angled or flat-
tened ; testa black; embryo small, included in albumen.— Usually shrubs,
with linear rigid leaves in a tuft at the end of the branches. Peduncles
1-flowered. Ovary and flower often viscous outside. Flowers usually
white. i

Species 60, mostly Tropical American. Found also in Madagascar, and 1 species
in Arabia.

Caudex not produced.
Leaves 1-2 in. long S S k S 3 . 1. T. humilis. i
Leaves 4-5 in. long : : ; : 8 . 2. V. Hildebrandti.
Leaves 6-12 in. long.

Vellozia. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). 409

Leaves moderately firm : - : - . 38. V. Schnitzleinia,
Leaves very rigid : : : : : . 4. V, acuminata,
Caudex produced.
Leaves triquetrous . 3 - : : : . 5. V. stenophylla.
Leaves linear, glabrous.
Perianth 3-1 in. long . S : - . 6. V. squarrosa.
Perianth 1-2 in. long.
Leaves denticulate on the edge . : - . 7- V. scabrida,
Leaves ciliate with minute spines 8. V. hereroensis.
Leaves not ciliate or denticulate.
Ovary viscous, not hispid : : : . 9. V. capillaris.
Ovary viscous and hispid S S : . 10. V. equisetoides.
Perianth 2-3 in. long . : : : S . 11. V. splendens.

Leaves linear, hairy,
Perianth 1 in. long.

Leaves 3-5 in, long : : e : . 12. V., tomentosa,
Leaves 6-12 in. long.
Branchlets 3-4 in. diam. . ; : . 13. V. Spekei.
Branchlets stouter : : : : . 14. V. velutina.
Perianth 14-2 in. long g : : 2 . 15. V. equatorialis.

1. V. humilis, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1889, 4. Acaulescent.
Persistent bases of old leaves formed of thick close fibres connected by
fine cross-bars. Rosettes of leaves densely cæspitose. Leaves rigidly
coriaceous, linear, glabrous, prominently nerved, 1-2 in. long. Peduncles
very slender, 1—2 in. long, rough with glands throughout. Perianth-
segments oblong-lanceolate, + in. long. Anthers linear, 4 in. long;
filaments very short. Ovary turbinate, viscous, 44 in. long and broad.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Matabeleland, Ziliot ! Portuguese
East Africa; Tete, on the Lower Zambesi, Kirk !

Also in the Transvaal and eastern districts of Cape Colony.

2. V. Hildebrandtii, Baker. Caudex very short, clothed with
copious fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaves narrowly linear, glaucescent,
glabrous, convolute, 4—5 in. long. Peduncle 2 in. long, densely hispid
upwards. Perianth-segments linear, much smaller than in V. Schnitz-
leinia. Anthers linear, 4-4 in. long; filaments very short. Ovary
ovoid, densely hispid —Barbacenia Hildebrandtii, Pax in Engl. Hochge-
birgsfl. Trop. Afr. 171.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Serut mountains near Maid, 5000-6000 ft., Hildebrandt,
1466.

No specimen at Kew.

3. V. Schnitzleinia, Baker. Caudex very short, densely clothed
with the fibrous bases of the old leaves. Leaves 5-6 to a rosette,
linear, subcoriaceous, glabrous, moderately firm, }—1 ft. Jong, 4-} in.
broad, obscurely serrulate on the margin. Peduncles 3-6 in. long,
hispid in the upper part Perianth-segments lanceolate, ł}-1 in. long.
Anthers linear, subsessile, half as long as the perianth-segments.
Ovary turbinate, densely hispid. Capsule globose.— Xerophyta Schnitz-
leinia, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1875, 235. Schnitzleinia amica, Steud. ex

410 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDES (BAKER). [ Vellozia.

Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 31. Hypoxis Schnitzleinia, Hochst. in Flora,
1844, 31. Barbacenia Schnitzleinia, Pax in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 171.

Wile Land. Abyssinia; near Sabra, on rocks at the foot of mountains, Schimper,
1365! on rocks of slopes towards the River Tacazze, Schimper, 1693! and without
precise locality, Schimper, 253!

Var. somalensis, Terrac. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1892, 425. Leaves reclining,
rigid. Flower solitary, pedunculate. Peduncle geniculate at the apex, strigose-
pilose from the middle to the apex.

Nile Land. Somaliland: fields of Gerar-Amaden, Candeo & Baudi di Vesme.

No specimen at Kew.

4. V. acuminata, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 228. Acaulescent.
Leaves very rigid, linear, acuminate, glabrous, 1 ft. long, } in. broad
low down, tapering gradually to the point. Peduncle slender, 4-5 in.
long, viscous upwards. Perianth-segments lanceolate, 3 in. long, } in.
broad. Anthers linear, half as long as the perianth-segments. Ovary
turbinate, viscous, } in. long.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range, near Woob, Miss Edith Cole! Mrs.
Lort-Phillips !

5. V. stenophylla, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 265. A shrub, with branches 4—3 in. diam., clothed with the
rigid appressed dentate base of the fallen leaves. Leaves 6-8 to a tuft,
very rigid, triquetrous, channelled down the face, 6-8 in. long, ve Im,
broad, glabrous, acuminate, closely nerved, scabrous on the back. Flowers
not seen.—NXerophyta stenophylla, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 265.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; densely gregarious in rocky hills, near
Cazemba, Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

6. V. squarrosa, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i.264. A shrub 3-4, rarely 5 ft. high ; trunk 14-2 in. diam. at the base ;
branches clothed with the squarrose bases of the old leaves. Leaves
coriaceous, linear, acuminate, glabrous, 5—6 in. long, nearly 4 in. broad,
the edges denticulate upwards. Peduncle 4—5 in. long, densely viscous
upwards. Perianth-segments lanceolate, blue-white, 3-1 in. long.
Ovary clavate, 4—3 in. long, densely clothed with black glands. Anthers
linear, subsessile, half as long as the perianth-segments. Capsule oblong,
crustaceous, } in. diam., densely clothed with black glands.—Xerophyta
squarrosa, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 264. Barbacenia
squarrosa, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 144.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; gregarious on the high rocky
slopes at the Fort, Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

7. V. scabrida, Baker. Leaves rigid, linear, acuminate, glabrous,
}-1 in. broad, denticulate on the midrib on both surfaces and the edges.
Peduncles viscous upwards, 4 in. long. Perianth-segments lanceolate,

Vellozia. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEH (BAKER). 411

acute, above 1 in. long, } in. broad. Anthers linear, sessile, 2 in. long,
Ovary turbinate, 4-4} in. long, densely viscous.—Barbacenia scabrida,
Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 144.

Lower Guinea. Angola: near the Kuango River, Pogge, 123.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

8. V. hereroensis, Baker. Leaves linear, 1 ft. long, } in. broad,
ciliate with minute spines on the edges and keel. Peduncle 8 in. long,
viscous upwards. Perianth-segments blue, apiculate, above 1 in. long,
3 in. broad. Stamens above } in. long; filaments very short.—Barba-
cenia hereroensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 49.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland: granite hills of the Tebris Pass, Fleck, 80.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

9. V. capillaris, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i. 264. A shrub, with woody branchlets, 4 in. diam., clothed with the
truncate bases of the old leaves. Leaves 4-8 in a rosette, linear,
coriaceous, glabrous, aristate, 4-6 in. long, } in. broad, closely ribbed.
Peduncles tufted, 2-3 in. long, densely clothed with black glands.
Perianth white; segments lanceolate, acuminate, 1}—1} in. long, } in.
broad low down. Anthers linear, 4 in. long; filaments very short.
Ovary turbinate, } in. long, densely clothed with black glands. Capsule
oblong, viscous, 4 in. diam.—Xerophytu capillaris, Baker in Trans.
Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 264, t. 36, fig. 1. Barbacenia capillaris, Pax
in Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 171.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Monino, in woods, and on the high plain of
Empalanca, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

10. V. equisetoides, Baker. A shrub reaching a height of 4-5 ft. ;
stems l-14 in. diam.; persistent bases of old leaves densely imbricate,
resembling an Equisetum, appressed, deeply and narrowly plicate.
Leaves rigidly coriaceous, glabrous or slightly hairy, reaching a height
of 1 ft. or more, $4 in. broad low down. Peduncle 3-6 in, long,
viscous upwards. Perianth-segments lanceolate, acute, more or less
tinged with purple, 1-2 in. long. Anthers linear, half as long as the
perianth-segments. Ovary clavate or turbinate, densely hispid and
viscous, }—} in. long. Capsule crustaceous, globose.—Xerophyta equise-
toides, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1875, 233.

Mozamb. Dist. Nyasaland: Manganja Hills, Meller ! between Blantyre and
Matope, Scott ! Shire Highlands, Mount Ndurani, Scott-Elliot, 8524! Zomba and the
East end of Lake Shirwa, Meller! Zomba, Kirk! Matabeleland: Semokwe River
(Old and Dry ” or “ Elephant’s grass ”), Baines ! and without precise locality, Scott-
Elliot !

Var. trichophylia, Baker. Leaves densely and persistently pubescent on both
sides,

Mozamb, Dist. Nyasaland: Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 162! Zomba, Whyte,
92! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 854!

412 CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDEZ (BAKER). [ Vellozia.

11. V. splendens, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 49,
t. 8. A shrub 14 ft. long, with thick branches, clothed with the truncate
closely imbricate glabrous bases of the old leaves. Leaves 6-8 in a
rosette, rigid, linear, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 4-8 in. broad low down,
denticulate on the edges when young. Peduncles 5-6 to a tuft, 6-9 in.
long, densely clothed upwards with raised black glands. Perianth-
segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, 2-24 in. long, 4 in. broad. Anthers
linear, sessile, ł in. long. Ovary turbinate, 4 in. long, densely viscous.
—Barbacenia splendens, Harms in Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 146.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Mlanje, Whyte!
McClounie ! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

12. V. tomentosa, Baker. A shrub with branchlets } in. diam.,
clothed with the appressed deltoid tomentose bases of the fallen leaves.
Leaves few in a tuft, linear, rigid, 3—5 in. long, } in. broad, pubescent
on both surfaces. Peduncles 2—4 in. long, densely viscous. Perianth-
segments lanceolate, 1 in. long, } in. broad, obtuse or minutely cuspl-
date. Anthers linear, sessile, 4 in. long. Ovary clavate, densely viscous,
4 in. long.— Barbacenia tomentosa, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 144.

East Tropical Africa. Asi, Fischer, 585!

13. V. Spekei, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 156. A much-
branched shrub 6 ft. high, with trunk 6 in. in girth, and branchlets
4-4} in. diam., clothed with the closely-imbricate appressed hairy deltoid
bases of the fallen leaves. Leaves 6-8 in a tuft, rigid, linear, acuminate,
6-9 in. long, }-4 in. broad low down, slightly hairy on both surfaces,
closely ribbed, spinous on the midrib beneath and slightly so on the
margin. Peduncle flexuose, 2—3 in. long, viscous in the upper half.
Perianth-segments lanceolate, 1 in. long. Stamens half as long as the
perianth-segments. Capsule globose, crustaceous, viscous, $ in. diam.—
Xerophyta Spekei, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1875, 234. Barbacenia Speket,
Harms in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 146.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uyanzi; at the Boss Rock, in the
Mgunda Mkhali, near Jiwa la Mkoa, 4068 ft., Speke & Grant, 782!

14. V. velutina, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i, 265. An erect shrub 14—24 ft. high, with branches 4} in. diam,
clothed with the rigid appressed truncate mucronate bases of the fallen
leaves. Leaves 8-10 to a tuft, linear, coriaceous, finely pilose on both
sides, 6-10 in. long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle 14-2 in. long, clothed
upwards with black glands. Perianth-segments lanceolate, acuminate,
blue, 1 in. long. Stamens half as long as the perianth; filaments very
short. Ovary clavate, } in. long, densely clothed with black glands
— Xerophyta velutina, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. 1. 265.
Barbacenia velutina, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 145.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; gregarious on rocks near the banks
of the River Cuanza, 2400-3800 ft., Welwitsch !

15. V. æquatorialis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 409. A
dwarf shrub, with a caudex 4 ft. long, 4 in. diam., forked at the apex;

Vellozia. | CXXXVII. AMARYLLIDE® (BAKER). 413

persistent bases of old leaves black, deeply and narrowly plicate. Leaves
of flowering tufts linear, 5-8 in. long, } in. diam., densely pubescent on
both sides when young, less so when mature. Peduncle 2-3 in. long,
viscous upwards. Perianth-segments lanceolate, 14-2 in. long, 4—4 in.
broad. Anthers less than half as long asthe perianth-segments. Ovary
oblong-cylindrical, viscous, 4 in. long.— Barbacenia equatorialis, Harms
in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. ©. 146.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, Taylor !
Umba River Valley, Smith ! Usambara; Mlalo, Holst, 2455 !

Upnpp CXXXVIII. TACCACEA, (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Perianth superior, persistent ;
tube campanulate; segments 6, subequal, biseriate. Stamens 6,
inserted in the perianth-tube; filaments hooded, shortly 2-lobed ;
anthers 2-celled, adnate to the inner side of the hood and projecting
between the lobes. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentas ;
ovules many in a cell; style short ; stigma umbrella-shaped, with 3
bifid lobes. Fruit in Tacca baccate. Seeds with a minute embryo
and copious albumen.—Herbs with a perennial tuberous rootstock.
Leaves radical, long petiolate. Flowers greenish-brown, umbellate,
wg a long naked peduncle, and surrounded by a whorl of foliaceous

racts.

Species about 10, spread through the Tropical zone of both hemispheres.

1. TACCA, Forst. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 741.
Characters of the Order.

1. T. pinnatifida, Forst. Char. Gen. 70, t. 35. Rootstock
globose, reaching 1 ft. diam. Leaves large, divided into 3 forked
branches; final segments ovate or lanceolate ; petiole 1-3 ft. long.
Flowers many in an umbel, mixed with long slender purple filaments ;
bracts 4—6, oblong; peduncle as long as or longer than the petiole ;
pedicels 4—1 in. long. Perianth }-} in. long; segments ovate. Berry
subglobose, 3-1 in. long.—Kunth, Enum. v. 458. T. involucrata, Schum.
& Thonn. Beskr. Pl. Guin. 177. T. abyssinica, Hochst. in Schimp. PI.
Abyss. No. 1946.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, Rowland! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1541!

Wile Land. Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 595! Abyssinia, Schimper,
1946! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, ser. iii, 221!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon River, Mann, 1040!

South Central, Congo Free State: Monbuttu ; by the River Kibali, Schwein-
Surth, 3027 !

Mozamb. Dist, Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 1285! German East Africa : Usambara ;
Kibafuta, Holst, 2131! Portuguese East Africa: Morambala mountain, near the
foot and at 1000 ft., Kirk, 20! Mozambique, Forbes! British Central Africa :
Plains of Zomba, 2500-3000 ft., Whyte! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 4! Mount
Mlanje, Scott-Elliot, 8676 !

414 CXXXIX, DIOSCOREACE® (BAKER). | Dioscorea.

Order CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEM. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers regular, usually dicecious. Male flowers: Perianth cam-
panulate ; tube very short; segments 6, biseriate. Stamens inserted at
the base of perianth, 6 all perfect or 3 reduced to staminodia ; filaments
short ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally ; pistil rudimentary.
Female perianth cut down to the ovary. Staminodia usually present.
Ovary inferior, 3-celled ; ovules 2 in a cell, superposed ` styles 3, very
short, stigmatose at the apex. Fruit capsular, rarely baccate. Seeds
usually flattened and winged ; albumen fleshy or cartilaginous ; embryo
minute.—Rootstock large and tuberous. Stems usually twining, some-
times prickly. Leaves simple or compound, with reticulated venation.
Flowers small, greenish, usually spicate.

Species about 160, spread through the warmer zones of both hemispheres.

1. DIOSCOREA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 742.

Flowers dicecious. Male perianth with a very short tube and 6
subequal biseriate segments. Stamens 6 all perfect or 3 reduced to
staminodia, shorter than the perianth. Pistil rudimentary. Female
flowers with a similar perianth, 3 short styles and an oblong triquetrous
ovary. Capsule rigid, deeply 3-lobed, in the subgenus Hudioscorea.
broader than long, with orbicular seeds winged all round the nucleus,
and in the subgenus Helmia oblong with the wing of the seed only
produced on the lower side of the nucleus.—Rootstock large and
tuberous. Stem twining. Leaves distinctly petiolate, opposite or
alternate, simple or compound, often with bulbils in their axils.
Flowers small, arranged in dense or lax spikes or racemes, solitary or
fascicled, produced from leafy or leafless nodes.

Species about 150, spread through the warmer zones of both hemispheres.

Leaves simple, all alternate.
Leaves and flowers glabrous.
Male spikes (or racemes) simple.
Leaves cordate.
Perianth-segments linear
Perianth-segments acute
Leaves sagittate : S S $ : :
Male racemes with lower pedicels bearing 2-3
flowers : - : e ‘ s . 4. D. hylophila.
Male spikes panicled S S : ` 5. D. macroura.
Leaves beneath and flowers hairy.
Spikes or racemes short.
Leaves grey-pubescent beneath
Leaves ferrugineo-tomentose beneath
Spikes or racemes very long
Leaves simple, usually opposite.
Stem quadrangular, 4-winged.
Flowers glabrous : : : ; : . 9. D. alata.
Flowers tomentose . e e . 10, D. colocasiafolia.

D. sativa.
D. Buchanani.
. D. sagittata.

be tl bee

. D. hirtiflora.
. D. rubiginosa.
. D. Preussii.

DND

Dioscorea. | CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEH (BAKER). 415

Stem terete.
Leaves and flowers glabrous.

Leaves cordate orbicular . S S . 11. D. zanzibarensis.

Leaves ovate, shallowly cordate . d : . 12. D. prehensilis.

Leaves ovate, deeply cordate. : : . 13. D. abyssinica,
Leaves and flowers hairy . : - : . 14, D. schimperiana.

Leaves compound.
Leaves trifoliolate.
Leaflets subsessile.

End leaflet obovate . ; . : . . 15. D. dumetorum.
End leaflet oblong . : S l : . 16. D. phaseoloides,
Leaflets distinctly stalked `. : : ; . 17. D. Vespertilio.

Leaves 5- rarely 7- foliolate.
Male spikes dense.

Leaflets obovate or oblong : S é . 18. D. beccariana,
Leaflets lanceolate or oblanceolate . : . 19. D. Stuhlmanni.
Male spikes lax . : : : : : . 20. D. Holstii,

1. D. (Helmia) sativa, Linn. Sp. Plant. edit. i. 1033 (exel. syn.).
Glabrous in all its parts. Rootstock large, tuberous, edible. Leaves
distinctly petiolate, simple, ovate or orbicular, cuspidate, deeply cordate,
sometimes 1 ft. long and broad, membranous, 7—9-nerved from the
apex of the petiole, often bearing bulbils in their axils. Male flowers
in lax slender fascicled spikes, often produced from leafless nodes ;
bracts minute, ovate. Perianth 1,-} in. long, oblong in bud ; segments
linear. Fertile stamens 6. Female flowers in very lax spikes. Capsule
oblong, 3—1 in. long. Seeds broadly winged at the base only.—Hort.
Cliff. t. 28; Schum. Beskr. Guin. Plant. 447; Benth. P. Austral. vi.
461; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi: 295. D. latifolia, Benth. in Hook.
Niger Fl. 535; D. bulbifera, Harms in Engl. Pü. Ost-Afr. C. 146.

Commonly cultivated throughout Tropical Africa.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Kinsuta, Scott-Elliot, 4235! and without pre-
cise locality, Don ! Niger Territory: Nupe; Jeba, Barter! at the confluence of the
Niger and Benue Rivers, Barter! Niger Delta: Nun River, Vogel, 30! Fernando
Po, Milne! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt, 412!

Wile Land. Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 593! British East Africa :
Unyoro, Speke & Grant!

Lower Guinea. Isle of St. Thomas, Moller, 4! Gaboon: Munda; Sibange
Farm, Soyauz, 77! 211! Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 4037 !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Duga, Holst, 3160!
Portuguese East Africa: Lupata, on the River Zambesi, Kirk! Shamo, near the
mouth of the River Shire, Kirk! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the River
Zambesi, Menyharth ! Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 259! and without
precise locality, Buchanan, 11! 1185!

2. D. Buchanani, Benth. in Hook. Ic. t. 1397-8. Stems twining,
glabrous, unarmed. Leaves all alternate, distinctly petiolate, cordate-
ovate, cuspidate, sometimes as broad as long and palmately lobed,
reaching $ ft. long, moderately firm, glabrous on both surfaces, 5-7-
nerved from the apex of the petiole. Male flowers in dense short
usually solitary axillary racemes; bracts lanceolate, shorter than the
pedicels. Male perianth glabrous, very large for the genus, } in. long,

416 CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEE (BAKER). [ Dioscorea.

with a distinct campanulate tube and 6 ovate acute segments. Fertile
stamens 6. Female flowers in long lax racemes. Capsule rigid,
obovate-oblong, glabrous, 1-1} in. long. Seeds oblong, broadly winged
all round the nucleus.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 173! 158! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 175!

3. D. sagittifolia, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 147. Stem twining,
glabrous. Leaves alternate; petiole reflexed, shorter than the blade ;
blade triangular-sagittate, acuminate, 4-5 in. long, 24-3 in. broad,
marked with dense pellucid lines, 5-nerved ; basal lobes obtuse. Male
spikes geminate, much shorter than the leaves; bracts broad, ovate,
very small. Perianth campanulate; segments broad, ovate, obtuse.
Fertile stamens 6, very short. Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Tropical Africa. Without locality, Lecard, 14.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur; near Okel (Okale), Schweinfurth, 1712!

No specimen at Kew.

4. D. hylophila, Harms in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 146. Stems
twining, unarmed, glabrous. Leaves alternate, distinctly petiolate,
cordate-orbicular, cuspidate, membranous, glabrous on both surfaces,
6-8 in. long and broad, 9-nerved from the apex of the petiole. Male
flowers in long very lax peduncled racemes solitary in the axils of the
leaves; pedicels simple or forked, 2-3-flowered, deflexed; bracts
lanceolate. Perianth campanulate, glabrous, 1, in. long; segments
orbicular. Fertile stamens 3. Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Lutindi, Holst, 3423!

5. D. macroura, Harms in Notizb. Kéngl. bot. Gart. Berl. i. (1897),
266. Leaves alternate, distinctly petiolate, cordate-orbicular, 1 ft. long
and broad, membranous, glabrous, with an undulated margin and a
subulate apical cusp 14-2 in. long. Male flowers in an ample panicle ;
racemes lax, reaching 2 ft. in length; lower flowers 2-3-nate ; pedicels
very short; bracts ovate, minute. Perianth greenish, 4 in. long;
segments oblong. Fertile stamens 6, very short. Female flowers and
fruit not seen.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt, 414!

6. D. hirtiflora, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 537. Stems slender,
twining, unarmed, pubescent upwards. Leaves all alternate, distinctly
petiolate, simple, cordate-ovate, cuspidate, moderately firm, 14-2 in.
long and broad, 5-7-nerved from the apex of the petiole, glabrous
above, grey-pubescent beneath. Male flowers in slender lax axillary
spikes 2-3 in. long; rhachis very hairy; bracts ovate. Perianth very
small, hairy ; segments obtuse ; outer ovate, inner oblong. Fertile
stamens 3. Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: in forest-roads on the way to Papalaito, Millen, 29 of
1896 collection! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 561! banks of the River Quorra
(Niger) opposite Stirling, Fogel, 199!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 4039 !

Dioscorea. | CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEA (BAKER). 417

7. D. rubiginosa, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 588. Stem unarmed,
twining, ferrugineo-tomentose. Leaves alternate, distinctly petiolate,
simple, cordate-ovate, cuspidate, 3-4 in. long, 7-9-nerved from the
apex of the petiole, glabrous above, ferrugineo-tomentose beneath.
Male flowers unknown. Female flowers in lax fascicled spikes 3-4 in.
long; bracts oblong, minute. Perianth tomentose; outer segments
ovate, inner oblong. Ovary obtusely trigonous, oblong, imperfectly
3-celled.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don!

No specimen at Kew.

8. D. Preussii, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 147. Stems slender,
climbing, unarmed, pubescent when young. Leaves all alternate,
distinctly petiolate, simple, cordate-ovate, cuspidate, thin, 7-9-nerved,
3-4 in. long and broad, glabrous above, pubescent beneath. Male
racemes fascicled in the axils of the leaves, very lax, reaching 6-8 in.
long ; rhachis pubescent; bracts lanceolate, pubescent. Perianth hairy,
zz in. long; segments obtuse, ovate or oblong. Fertile stamens 3.
Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Upper Guinea. Lagos; Abeokuta, Irving, 103! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker,
325! Zenker & Staudt, 413! and without precise locality, Preuss, 504!

9. D. alata, Linn. Sp. Plant. edit. 1, 1033. Root large, edible.
Stems twining, glabrous, quadrangular, 4-winged. Leaves distinctly
petiolate, simple, usually opposite, ovate-acuminate, deeply cordate at
the base, glabrous, 7-nerved from the apex of the petiole, membranous,
reaching 6—9 in. long. Male flowers in long slender fascicled spikes.
Perianth 51, in. long ; segments lanceolate, glabrous. Fertile stamens 6.
Female flowers in lax spikes. Capsule glabrous, with 3 large wings,
1-1} in. diam. ; axis } in. long. Seeds orbicular, winged all round the
nucleus.—Schum. Beskr. Guin. Plant. 447; Kunth, Enum. v. 387;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 296.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1534! by the River Niger
(Quorra), Vogel !

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; at the River Nabambisso,
Schweinfurth, 3712!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Moller, 103! Quintas, B! Angola,
Welwitsch, 4030! 4036! 4044!

Cultivated throughout Tropical Africa,

10. D. colocasizfolia, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 145. Stems
climbing; branches 4-winged. Leaves opposite, distinctly petiolate,
simple, ovate, acuminate, deeply sagittate at the base, 1 ft. long, 7-8 in.
broad, 7-nerved from the apex of the petiole, glabrous on both surfaces.
Male flowers unknown. Female flowers in branched tomentose spikes ;
bracts linear, tomentose. Perianth-segments ovate, obtuse, tomentose.
Ovary tomentose ; style very short.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Victoria, cultivated under the name of “ Water
Yam,” Buchholz, Called also “ Yorna,” J. Braun.

No specimen at Kew.

VOL. VII. 2E

418 CXXXIX, DIOSCOREACEE (BAKER). [ Dioscorea.

11. D. sansibarensis, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 146. Whole
plant glabrous. Stems slender, climbing, terete. Leaves opposite,
simple, distinctly petiolate, cordate-orbicular, conspicuously cuspidate,
2-21 in. long, about 2 in. broad, 7-nerved, bearing large verrucose
bulbille in their axils. Male spikes 2—4-nate, 6—8 in. long; flowers
remote; bracts and bracteoles ovate. Perianth-segments oblong,
obtuse. Fertile stamens 6. Female flowers and fruit unknown.—
Harms in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 146.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Bagamoyo, Hildebrandt, 1742!

No specimen at Kew.

12. D. prehensilis, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 536. Glabrous in
all its parts. Stem slender, woody, twining, sometimes prickly. Leaves
usually opposite, distinctly petiolate, simple, ovate, cuspidate, shallowly
cordate, 2-4 in. long, moderately firm, 5-nerved from the apex of the
petiole, Male flowers in densely fascicled lax spikes 2-3 in. long ;
bracts ovate, very small. Perianth A in. long; segments oblong,
obtuse. Fertile stamens 6. Female flowers in lax spikes. Capsule
glabrous, 1-13 in. diam., 4-3 in. long, with three acute lobes, Seeds
orbicular, winged all round —D. odoratissima, Pax in Engl. Jahrb.
xv. 146.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Vogel, 21! Liberia, Carder! Togoland :
Bismarckburg, Büttner, 104! Niger Territory : Nupe, Barter, 1057! 1536! by the
River Niger at Jeba, Barter! and at Attah, Vogel, 86! Cameroons: Yaunde,
Zenker, 329!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Quintas, 105! Newton! Gaboon :
River Muni, Mann, 1751! Congo: Bangala, 1000-1500 ft., Hens, 174! and without
precise locality, Smith! Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 4035! 4036 !

South Central. Lunda: Bashilange ; Mukenge, Pogge, 1043.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 531!

Var. minutiflora, Baker. Leaves more coriaceous, more orbicular and rarely
cordate at the base, usually broadly rounded.—D. minutiflora, Engl. Jahrb. vii. 332.
-D. multiflora (by error), Pax in Engl. Jahrb, ze, 146, t. 8.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Regent, Scott-Elliot, 4026 ! in bush about
Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 4157! and near Lester Peak, Scott-Elliot, 4171! Ashanti:
Assin-Yan-Coomassie, Cummins! Lagos: Ido Island, Millen, 48 of 1893 collection!
and without precise locality, Moloney ! Old Calabar River, Mann, 2283! Cameroons:
Mungo, Buchholz, between Barombi and Kumba, Preuss, 54!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Gaboon River, Mann, 975!

Very near D. abyssinica, Hochst. and perhaps not specifically distinct.

13. D. abyssinica, Hochst. ex Kunth, Enum. v. 387. Whole
plant glabrous. Stems slender, twining, unarmed. Leaves often
opposite, distinctly petiolate, ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate at the
base, distinctly 7-nerved from the apex of the petiole, membranous,
3-4 in. long. “Male flowers in short lax densely fascicled spikes 1-2 m.
long; bracts ovate, very small, Perianth ;), in. long ; segments ovate,
obtuse. Fertile stamens 6. Female flowers in long lax spikes. ` eg
orbicular, deeply lobed, 1-1} in. diam. Seeds orbicular, winged al
round.—A. Rich. Tent. PL Abyss. ii. 318; Schweinf. in Bull. =
Boiss. ii. App. ii. 84.

Dioscorea. ] CXXXIX, DIOSCOREACEÆ (BAKER). 419

Nile Land. Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 587! 588! Eritrea: Keren
Steudner, 512! Ginda, at the foot of Donkollo Mountain, 3000 ft., Schweinfurth, 212,
313. Abyssinia: Tigre ; valleys near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1720! and without pre-
cise locality, Roth! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2032 !

14. D. schimperiana, Hochst. ex Kunth, Enum. v. 339. Stems
slender, twining, unarmed, pubescent. Leaves often opposite, distinctly
petiolate, simple, ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate at the base, mem-
branous, 5-nerved from the apex of the petiole, slightly pubescent or
glabrous on both surfaces, 4-6 in. long and broad. Male flowers in
long lax fascicled spikes with a pubescent rhachis; bracts minute, ovate.
Male perianth slightly hairy, Je in. long; segments obtuse, ovate or
oblong. Fertile stamens 6, included. Female spikes long, very lax.
Ovary densely pubescent. Capsule glabrescent, 14 in. diam., with
3 acute orbicular lobes and an axis 1 in. long. Seeds orbicular, winged
all round.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 317; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.
pop. Afr. 171,

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1642!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 4038!

Var, vestita, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 148. Leaves beneath and flowers densely
pubescent.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: Otto, Millen, 17 of 1895 collection !

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Begemeder ` Senka Berr, on the River Rebb, Schimper !
British East Africa: Niamniam; at Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 3420! Í

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Laurent!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; by the Mwata Manga
stream, 4000 ft., Kirk ! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 112! 266! and without precise
locality, Buchanan, 778! 1506!

15. D. (Helmia) dumetorum, Pax in Engl. d Prantl. Pflanzenfam.
ii. Abt. 5, 134. Stems robust, woody, terete, wide-climbing, sometimes
prickly. Leaves trifoliolate, moderately firm, glabrescent on the upper
surface, densely and persistently pubescent beneath ; leaflets obscurely
stalked, the end one obovate, cuspidate, reaching 5—6 in. long, distinctly
triplinerved to the apex; side-leaflets very oblique. Male flowers in
short axillary panicles with dense cylindrical branches; bracts ovate,
minute, densely pubescent. Perianth campanulate, very small, densely
pubescent ; tube very short; segments orbicular. Perfect stamens 6,
included. Female flowers in lax simple racemes. Capsule oblong,
glabrescent, acutely triquetrous, 14-2 in. long. Seeds oblong, 1 in.
long, with a large oblong basal wing.—Harms in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. O.
147. D. demona, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 538, not of Roxb.
D. triphylla, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 316, t. 96 B, not of Linn.
D. quartiniana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 316, t. 96 A. ; Schweinf. in
Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 85. D. buchholziana, Engl. Jahrb. vii. 333.
Helmia dumetorum, Kunth, Enum. v. 436.

Upper Guinea. Lagos: Abeokuta, Irving, 108! Gold Coast: Aquapim
Mountains, Vogel ! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1537! Cameroons: Mungo,

Buchholz, S
Wile Land. Eritrea: Ginda, at the foot of Mount Donkolla, 3000 ft., Schwein-

420 CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEE (BAKER). | Dioscorea.

Jurth, 365! Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 589! 591! Abyssinia, Schimper !
Quartin-Dillon. British East Africa: Niamniam ; Tuhamis Seriba, Schweinfurth,
3779!

Lower Guinea, Island of St. Thomas: Correa, 150 ft., Quintas, 104!
Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 4052 !

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, Kirk!
Lupata, on the River Zambesi, Kirk! British East Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja
Hills, Meller! Namasi River, Cameron! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 184! Upper
Shire Valley, Kirk ! Shibisa (Chikwawa) to Tshinmuzo, Kirk ! and without precise
locality, Buchanan, 46! 204!

16. D. phaseoloides, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 149. Stems slender,
twining, unarmed, pubescent. Leaves alternate, distinctly petiolate,
trifoliolate, subcoriaceous, pubescent on both sides; leaflets obscurely
stalked ; end leaflet oblong, with a distinct mucro, 2—24 in. long, ? in.
broad at the middle; venation pinnate ; side leaflets slightly obtuse.
Male flowers in short dense spikes fascicled in the axils of the leaves or
produced from leafless nodes ; bracts broadly ovate, cuspidate, densely
pubescent. Male flowers seen only in the bud stage. Female flowers
and fruit unknown.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam ; at Gumango’ Hill, Schweinfurth,
3928 !

17. D. Vespertilio, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 538. Whole plant
quite glabrous. Leaves alternate, subcoriaceous, trifoliolate, long-
petiolate ; leaflets distinctly stalked, the end one obovate-oblong, obtuse,
rounded at the base, 2-3 in. long, 1-14 in. broad above the middle,
with 1-2 alternate veins branching from the midrib. Flowers unknown.
Capsule with an axis 1-1} in. long and two transversely oblong wings
if in. long. Seeds unknown.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don!
No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

18. D. (Helmia) beccariana, Martelli, Fl. Bogos. 83. Stems
slender, twining, unarmed, pubescent upwards. Leaves alternate,
distinctly petiolate, 5-foliolate when fully developed, membranous, sub-
glabrous or more or less pubescent ; leaflets obscurely stalked, obovate
or oblong, distinctly mucronate, obtuse or acute, penninerved, reaching
3—4 in. long, 14 in. broad. Male flowers in dense fascicled shortly
peduncled axillary spikes, sometimes from leafless nodes; bracts ovate,
cuspidate, membranous, pubescent, twice as long as the flowers. Male
perianth pubescent, ṣẹ in. diam.; outer segments ovate, obtuse ; Inner
narrow. Fertile stamens 3, shorter than the perianth. Female
flowers in long lax spikes. Ovary cylindrical, densely pubescent.
Capsule oblong, acutely angled, glabrous, ł in. long. Seeds 2 in. long,
with a basal oblong wing 3 times the length of the nucleus.—
D. schweinfurthiana, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 149. D. pentaphylla,
A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 317, not of Linn. D. quartiniana, Eng).
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 172, not A. Rich. D. quartiniana, var.
pentadactyla, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 148. Botryosicyos pentaphyllus,

Dioscorea. | CXXXIX. DIOSCOREACEZ (BAKER). 421

Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. No. 1590; Flora 1844, Beil. 3; Asch. in
Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 202.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Keren, on Mount Deban, 4500-5500 ft., Beccari, 303 !
Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 586! Abyssinia: Tigre; Jelajeranne, Schimper,
1590! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1879 !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 4045! Golungo Alto, Welwitsch,
4046 ! 4047! 4048! 4049! 4050! >

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6000 ft., Johnston!
Volkens, 2287! British Central Africa: N yasaland; River Namasi, Cameron! Shire
Highlands, Buchanan, 69! 233! Mount Mlanje, Scott-Elliot, 8596! and without
precise locality, Buchanan, 264! 642! 1094! 1206!

19. D. Stuhlmanni, Harms in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 146. Stems
slender, wide-climbing, unarmed, pubescent when young. Leaves
alternate, distinctly petiolate, 5-7-foliolate when fully developed ;
leaflets subsessile, penninerved, lanceolate or oblanceolate-oblong, acute
or obtuse, glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath, reaching 3 in. long
by 1 in. broad. Male flowers in dense axillary spikes ; bracts ovate,
membranous, pubescent, much longer than the flowers. Perianth
campanulate, pubescent, e in. diam.; segments ovate. Fertile
stamens 3. Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo; Bagamayo, Stuhlmann,
6589! Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Sochi, Kirk !

Both this and D. Holstii are closely allied to D. beccariana,

20. D. Holstii, Harms in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 147. Stem slender,
climbing, unarmed. Leaves alternate, distinctly petiolate, 3—5-foliolate ;
leaflets shortly stalked, glabrous, oblong, acute, narrowed to the base,
33-4 in. long, 14 in. broad. Male flowers in lax 1—3-nate axillary
spikes 2-24 in. long; bracts broadly ovate, acute or subacuminate,
subglabrous or pubescent. Female flowers and fruit unknown.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa; Usambara, Holst, 5278!

No specimen at Kew.

Orper CXL. LILIACEH. (By J. G. Baker.)

Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual. Perianth
inferior, petaloid, often persistent, with or without a tube ; segments
usually 6, more or less distinctly biseriate. Stamens 6, opposite the
segments of the perianth, hypogynous or inserted in the tube or at its
throat; filaments filiform or flattened ; anthers versatile or basifixed,
usually dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary usually 3-celled, sessile or
stipitate ` ovules usually anatropous, 2 collateral or many superposed ;
style simple or trifid; stigma usually capitate. Fruit a loculicidal or
septicidal capsule or berry. Seeds globose or flattened ; testa various,
sometimes strophiolate; albumen copious, horny or fleshy; embryo
usually straight.—/.caulescent or caulescent herbs or shrubs, sometimes

422 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER).

climbing. Rootstock often bulbous. Leaves very various in shape
and venation. Inflorescence very various ; pedicels often articulated ;
bracts usually persistent. Flowers large or small, white or brightly
coloured.

Species 2000-2500, Cosmopolitan.

Series A. ASPARAGACEX.—Rootstock never bulbous. Fruit baccate.

TRIBE I. Smilacese.—Stems scandent. Leaves with stipular tendrils and
reticulated veining. Flowers unisexual, :

The only Tropical African genus . i S - . 1. Smimax.
TRIBE II. Asparageve.—Stems erect or scandent. Proper leaves rudimentary,

their function fulfilled by cladodia. Flowers hermaphrodite in Tropical African
species.

The only Tropical African genus . : : . . 2. ASPARAGUS.

TRIBE III. Draceeneze.—Stems erect. Proper leaves developed. Flowers
hermaphrodite.

The only Tropical African genus . S $ S . 3. DRACENA.

Series B. EULILIACEH.—Fruit a loculicidal capsule. Style entire.
TRIBE IV. Hemerocalleze.— Rootstock not bulbous. Leaves narrow, not fleshy.
Perianth gamophylious.

Perianth-tube long . e : : e . . 4. KNIPHOFIA.
Perianth-tube short S ; : ; . 5. NOTOSCEPTRUM.

TRIBE V. Aloineæ.— Rootstock not bulbous. Leaves fleshy. Perianth gamo-
phyllous.

Perianth-limb regular . e è S S . 6. ALOE.

Perianth-limb irregular. S i d . . 7. HAWORTHIA.

TRIBE VI. Asphodelege.—Rootstock rarely bulbous. Inflorescence racemose,
simple, or panicled ; pedicels articulated. Perianth polyphyllous.

Rootstock bulbous. Peduncle naked . : - . 8. ScHIZOBASIS.
Rootstock tuberous. Seeds hairy . e . . 9. ERIOSPERMUM.
Rootstock 0 or small. Seeds glabrous.

Filaments densely bearded 5 S 5 : . 10. BULBINE.

Filaments glabrous.
Perianth-segments ascending.

Anthers versatile, not twisting up spirally . . 11. ASPHODELUS.
Anthers basifixed, twisting up spirally S . 12. ACROSPIRA.
Perianth-segments spreading from the base.
Capsule shallowly lobed. Seeds not discoid . 13. ANTHERICUM.
Capsule deeply lobed. Seeds flat.
Racemes not subspicate S . . . 14. CHLOROPHYTUM.
Racemes subspicate è : r i . 15. DASYSTACHYS.

Tripe VII. alliese.—Inflorescence umbellate,

Rootstock slightly tuberous. Perianth gamophyllous,
with united or distinct coronal scales at the throat 16. TULBAGHTA.
Rootstock bulbous. Perianth polyphyllous . . . 17. ALLIUM.

Smilax. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER).

TRIBE VIII. Scilleæ.—Rootstock bulbous,
racemose or spicate,

Perianth united at the base.

Peduncle naked.

423

Inflorescence

Outer segments of perianth caudate . . 18. Drpcapt.
Outer segments of perianth not caudate.
Perianth-tube curved . 19. PSEUDOGALTONIA.

Perianth-tube straight.

Capsule shallowly lobed. Seeds globose 20. HYACINTHUS.
Capsule deeply lobed. Seeds flat . 21. Drimta.
Perianth free to the base.
Raceme crowned by a coma of empty leafy bracts 22. EUCoMIS.
Raceme without a coma,
Perianth-segments with a broad laxly-nerved keel . 23. ALBUCA.
Perianth-segments with a narrow keel or none,
Capsule deeply lobed. Seeds flattened . 24. URGINEA. -
Capsule shallowly lobed, Seeds turgid.
Raceme subspicate, upper flowers abortive . 25. DRIMIOPSIS.

Raceme not subspicate ; upper flowers not

abortive.
Stamens hypogynous. Flowers usually

white 2 A GE . 26. ORNITHOGALUM. -
Stamens perigynous. Flowers usually blue

or mauve-purple : . 27. SOILLA.

Series C. Concuicacem®.—RKootstock various.
Styles 3.
Style tripartite to the base.

Leaves all basal, crowded.
Blade of perianth flat at the base .

Fruit usually a septicidal capsule.

. MERENDERA.

Blade of perianth concave at the base 29. ANDROCYMBIUM,
Leaves cauline, not crowded.
Perianth-segments united at the base 30. WURMBEA.
Perianth-segments free to the base.
. 31. ORNITHOGLOSSUM.

Perianth-segments with a basal gland
Perianth-segments without a basal gland
Style trifid only above the middle.
Perianth-segments reflexing `
Perianth-segments ascending . :
Abnormal genus, with anthers dehiscing

1. SMILAX, Linn.; Benth. et Hook, f. Gen.

Flowers dicecious.

< 33.
5 , 34.
by apical pores 35.

. IPHIGENIA,.

GLORIOSA.
LITTONIA,
W ALLERIA.

EL o 763.

Perianth-segments free to the base, subequal.

Male flowers : Stamens usually 6, hypogynous ; filaments short or long ;
anthers dehiscing introrsely. Female tlowers: Staminodes 6 or fewer.
Ovary 3-celled ; ovules 1-2 in a cell, pendulous, orthotropous ; style 0
or very short ; stigmas 3, recurved. Berry globose, 1—-2-seeded. Seeds
with a small oblong embryo enclosed in abundant hard albumen.—
Climbing shrubs, with woody or herbaceous, often prickly, stems.

424 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Smilax.

Leaves usually alternate, with reticulated veining, and a pair of stipular
tendrils from the base of the petiole. Flowers small, greenish, arranged
in simple or racemose axillary umbels.

Species nearly 200, spread through the warmer regions of both hemispheres.

Leaves deeply cordate. Umbels racemose . : , 1. S aspera.
Leaves rounded at the base. Umbels simple : . 2, S. kraussiana.

1. S. aspera, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1, 1028. A climbing shrub,
glabrous in all its parts, with slender woody climbing prickly stems.
Leaves shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous, ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate
at the base, triplinerved from the base to the apex. Umbels few-
flowered, forming a short raceme with a flexuose rhachis ; pedicels longer
than the flowers. Perianth-segments oblong. Stamens shorter than
the perianth. Berry bright red, the size of a pea.—Sibth. & Sm. FI.
Gree. t. 959; A. DC. Monogr. Phanerog, i. 163; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 77, 111.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Mount Oualid, Schweinfurth § Riva, 2159! Abyssinia:
Ankober, Roth, 133!

Widely spread in the Mediterranean region.

2. S. kraussiana, Leien. in Flora, 1845, 312. A climbing shrub,
glabrous in all its parts, with slender, woody, usually prickly stems,
reaching a length of 15 feet. Leaves shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous,
oblong or orbicular, cuspidate, broadly rounded at the base, reaching
5-6 in. long, conspicuously 3-nerved from the base to the apex ; stipular
tendrils long. Umbels shortly peduncled, simple, axillary, many-flowered ;
pedicels finally 1-3 in. long. Bud oblong-cylindrical, 4 in. long. Peri-
anth-segments linear-oblong. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth.
Berry the size of a small pea.—Kunth, Enum. v. 242; A. DC. Monogr.
Phanerog. i. 171; Grant & Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 162,
t. 106; Baker in Fl. Cap. vi. 256; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. O. 145. sS.
morsoniana, Kunth, Enum. v. 241. SS. mossambicensis, Garcke in
Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 518.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Lepriewr! Sierra Leone, Morson! Barter!
Scott-Elliot, 4180! Lagos, Rowland! Millen! Niger Delta: River Nun, Barter,
20115! Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 4000 ft., Mann, 1271! Yaunde, Zenker &
Staudt, 585!

Wile Land. British East Africa: Madi, Speke & Grant, 739/5! Niamniam :
at the River Boddo, Schweinfurth, 3847! Nganye, Schweinfurth, 3952!

Lower Guinea, Gaboon River, Mann, 954! French Congo, Griffon du Bellu,
and many other collectors. Lower Congo: Stanleypool, Büttner, 522! Welwitsch,
3862! 3863! 3864! 3865!

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk, 21! German East Africa: Usambara; Silai,
Holst, 2324! Maschewa, 8724! Kilimanjaro, up to 6000 ft. (ex Engler); Uzinja;
Mgomba (Ugomba?), Speke § Grant, 207! Usagara; Mdhoonwi River, Speke A
Grant! Portuguese East Atrica; Morambala Mountain, 2500 ft., Kirk! British
Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 48! Scott-Elliot, 8569!
near Mount Sochi, 3900 ft., Kirk ! Mount Malosa and Mount Zomba, 4000-6000 ft.,

Smilaz. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). ` 425

Whyte! Nyika Plateau, 6000—7000 ft., Whyte! and without precise locality,
Buchanan, 95!
Also in Natal.

2. ASPARAGUS, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, iii. 765.

Flowers hermaphrodite in the Tropical African species. Perianth
campanulate, cut down to the base into 6 subequal biseriate segments.
Stamens 6, hypogynous or attached to the base of the segments ;
filaments short, filiform or slightly flattened ; anthers oblong, dorsifixed,
dehiscing introrsely. Ovary ovoid, 3-celled; ovules 2-8 in a cell; style
short ; stigmas 3, recurved. Fruit a globose berry. Seeds often reduced
to 1; embryo cylindrical; albumen horny.—Stem herbaceous or wooay,
often climbing. Leaves minute, bract-like, often spinose. Cladodia
usually fascicled, subterete or flat. Flowers usually axillary, rarely
racemose.

E Species 100, spread throughout the Tropical and Temperate regions of /she Old
orld, >
Cladodia subulate. Spur not pungent. Flowers 1—2-nate. j

Cladodia 4—4 in. long.

4

Cladodia 1-3-nate . 1. A. virgo; B
Cladodia 2—6-nate 2. AÁ. exuvicl yr.
Cladodia densely fascicled 3. A. petersiip us.
Cladodia 4—2 in. long.
Stem erect . : : : : 4. A. psilurus.
Stem decumbent, subscandent : 4 : . 5. A. bencuellensis.
Cladodia subulate. Spur not pungent. Flowers umbellate. `
Cladodia obsolete > : : i 6. A. shirensis.
Cladodia 4—4 in. long ; S - . 7. A. pilosus.
Cladodia 4 in. long . : ‘ ‘ ; e . 8. A. conglomeratus.
9.Ay hereroensis.

Cladodia 1 in. long . e : . :
Cladodia subulate. Spur pungent. Flowers 1-2-nate.
Cladodia obsolete or solitary.

Branchlets very long . Z : : i . 10. A. equisetoides.
Branchlets not very long. : cC - . 11. A. nudicaulis.
Cladodia few in a cluster.
Cladodia very short. GER
Spine uncinate l A . 12. A. Pauli-Gulielmi.
Spine straight, cor‘al - : : í ..13. A. bechuanicus.
Spine straight, subulate . S A z . 14. A. Judtii.
Cladodia 9-15 lin. long ; $ e S . 15. A. Schweinfurthit.

Cladodia many in a cluster.
Cladodia very short.
Cladodia very slender.
Branches not flexuose.
Spines straight .
Spines uncinate
Branches flexuose . :
Cladodia moderately stout.
Branches glabrous
Branches pubescent
Cladodia 3-3 in. long.
Branchlets glabrous .

. 16. 4. namaensis.
. 17. A. flagellaris.
. 18. A. plumosus.

. 19. A. zanzibaricus.

. 20. A. pubescens.

. 21. A. deflexus.

426 CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). [ Asparagus.

Branchlets pubescent © : . : . 22. A. Nelsti-
Cladodia 4 in. or more long. ;

Stems erect . : : : - : . 23, A. mozambicus,

Stems climbing : . 24. A. Lugardi.

Cladodia subulate. Spur pungent. Flowers umbellate.
Cladodia 3-6 in a cluster.

Branches pubescent ` . : : : : . 25. A. puberulus.
Branches glabrous ; : : 3 . 26. A. irregularis.
Cladodia many in a cluster,
Cladodia 4—4 in. long . - S : . 27. A. asiaticus.
Cladodia 3-1 in. long.
Cladodia very slender ` . : : : . 28. A. angolensis.
Cladodia not very slender.
\ Pedicels 1—4 in. long . R . . 29. A. africanus.
Pedicels 3-3 in. long . : ; : . 30. A. laricinus.
Claclodia usually flat. Flowers racemose.
C ‘adodia subulate or slightly flattened : : . 81. A. racemosus.
C)ndodia linear.
Cladodia 4—1 in. long.
ŅPedicels articulated at the tip . : : . 82. A. Buchanani.
>Pedicels articulated at the middle.
\Racemes 2-3 in. long . ; . 83. A. æthiopicus.
SPlRacemes 3-6 in. long . S S : . 84, A. drepanophyllus,

Clr dia 13-3 in. long : : : S :
Cladodikpvate, solitary. Flowers 1-2-nate (Myrsiphy/lum,
Willd.) oo a a

35. A. falcatus.

36. A. medeoloides.

L A: virgatus, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 214. A much-branched
erect unders}.rub, reaching a height of 5-6 ft.; branchlets many,
slender, angled, ascending, glabrous. Leaves without any spiny spur.
Cladodia 1-3>in a cluster, firm, ascending, reaching }-} in. long.
Flowers 1-2 from a node; pedicels 4—4 in. long, articulated below the
middle. Perianth 4 in. long, opening widely. Amthers oblong, $ the
length of the filaments. Berry 4 in. diam., 1-seeded.—Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xiv. 606, and in Fl. Cap. vi. 259.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 157! Zomba, Whyte !
Also in South Africa,

2. A. exuvialis, Burch. Trav. i. 432. Stem slender, woody, very
flexuose, with the white epidermis peeling off; branchlets deflexed.
Leaves with only a small deltoid spur at the base. Cladodia very
slender, subulate, 2-6-nate, }-} in. long. Flowers 1-—2-nate ; pedicels
be in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth campanulate,
zs—t in. long; segments oblong. Stamens 2 the length of the perianth.
Berry globose, small.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 608, and in
Fl. Cap. vi. 259.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Lake Ngami, Schinz, 900!
No specimen at Kew from Tropical Africa.
Widely spread in South Africa.

Asparagus. | CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). 427

3. A. petersianus, Kunth, Enum. v.72. Stems erect, glabrous,
smooth, terete, very much branched; branches crowded, spreading ;
branchlets spreading, 4—5 in, long. Leaves not produced into a basal
spur. Cladodia in dense crowded fascicles, capillary, curved, angled,
4-4 in. long. Flowers and fruit unknown.—Garcke in Peters, Reise
Mossamb. Bot. 520; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 614, partly.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Cape Cabeceira, Peters.

No specimen at Kew.

4. A. psilurus, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.
i. 253. An erect herb, 2-3 ft. long, with the habit of A. officinalis.
Branchlets copious, slender, ascending, 4—1 ft. long. Leaves without a
spiny spur. Cladodia 6-8 in a cluster, subulate, ascending, 4—2 in.
long. Flowers solitary or in pairs, often produced from leafless nodes ;
pedicels 4—4 in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth 4-4 in. long ;
segments spreading very little. Anthers minute, oblong. Berry when
dried 4 in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; frequent in thickets at Cuanza,
Welwitsch, 3868! 3869! 3870! 3871!

5. A. benguellensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 253.
A decumbent glabrous subscandent shrub. Branches copiously pinnate ;
branchlets ascending or spreading; 4-6 in. long, with short internodes.
Spur of lower leaves not spinous. Cladodia 3-6 in a cluster, slender,
subulate, ascending, 4—2 in. long. Flowers usually 1-2, rarely 3-4 in a
cluster; pedicels LJ in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth
funnel-shaped, } in. long. Anthers oblong, minute, much shorter than
the filaments.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Mossamedes and Huilla ; in thickets at Mumpullo,
Welwitsch, 3872! 3873!

6. A. shirensis, Baker. A climbing shrub. Branches long,
slender, terete, densely pubescent, whiplike, with a few short (A in.
long) branchlets spreading from them at right angles and ending in a
cluster of flowers. Leaves without any spinous spur. Cladodia entirely
obsolete. Flowers several in a cluster; pedicels very slender, 4 in.
long, articulated a little above the base. Perianth ~% in. long; segments
scarcely spreading. Anthers oblong, minute, much shorter than the
filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1003!

7. A. pilosus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 610. A climbing
shrub, with slender white densely pilose subterete branchlets, with lower
internodes 4-4 in. long. Leaves without a pungent spur. Cladodia
3-8 in a cluster, ascending, subulate, rigid, 4-4 in. long. Flowers 2-6
to a node ; pedicels 4-} in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth
zz in. long; segments scarcely spreading. Anthers minute, oblong,
much shorter than the filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; near Lake Ngami,
McCabe 15!

428 CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER). [Asparagus

8. A. conglomeratus, Baker. Stems much-branched ; branches
long, virgate, erecto-patent, pale green, pubescent ; internodes long S
leaves without a pungent spur. Clusters of cladodia 1 in. diam. ; cladodia
very numerous, slender, setaceous, rigid. Flowers many to a cluster,
hermaphrodite ; pedicels + in. long, articulated near the base. Perianth
white, } in. long; segments oblanceolate, reflexing. Stamens a little
shorter than the perianth ; anthers minute, oblong ; filaments subulate.
Ovary turbinate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 52!

9. A. hereroensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 43.
An erect very much branched undershrub; branches woody, terete,
red-brown, glabrous, patent. Leaves spurred at the base. Cladodia
fascicled, ascending, subulate, straight or curved, reaching more than
l in. in length. Berries solitary in the axils of the leaves.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Fleck, 549.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Also in Great Namaqualand.

10. A. equisetoides, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 253. A much-branched shrub, with erecto-patent pinnate main
branches and slender erecto-patent branchlets 4—1 ft. long. Leaves with
a small deflexed pungent spur. Cladodia usually absent, rarely solitary,
subulate, 4-} in. long, appressed to the branchlets. Flowers not seen,
probably axillary.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in sandy ground on the banks of
the River Cuanza, Welwitsch, 3846! 3847!

11. A. nudicaulis, Baker. An erect undershrub 3-4 ft. high,
with stout main stems armed at the nodes with short deflexed pungent
spines ; branches and branchlets many, ascending, tough, striated, pale-
green, glabrous, the latter slender, distant, 2-6 in. long, with long inter-
nodes. Cladodia entirely absent. Flowers solitary, axillary; pedicels
decurved, finally } in. long, articulated at the middle. Berry the size
of a small pea, bright red.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; on steppes near Lake Chala,
3000 ft., Volkens, 1806!

No specimen at Kew.

Nearly allied to the Cape A. denudatus, Baker.

12. A. Pauli-Gulielmi, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. _Aithiop.
203. A much-branched erect undershrub, 4—5 ft. high. Main stems
woody ; branchlets long, slender, terete, glabrous or pubescent, ascending.
Leaves of the main stem and branchlets furnished with a pungent
uncinate woody spur. Cladodia 1—5 from a node, subulate, very ET
ascending, AA in. long. Flowers solitary or in pairs, axillary ; pedice
4-4 in. long, ascending or deflexed, articulated above the base.
Perianth A.A. in. long; segments spreading. Anthers minute, oblong,

Asparagus. | CXL. LILIACEA (BAKER). 429

much shorter than the filaments. Berry the size of a small pea.—
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 613; Grant & Baker in Trans. Linn.
mec, xxix. 161: t. 105,

Upper Guinea. Lagos: interior districts, Rowland! Abeokuta, Irving, 70!
Niger Territory : Nupe, Barter, 1125!

Nile Land. Nubia, Prince Paul William of Wurtemburg, Cienkowski.
White Nile, Petherick! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth,
1400! 1513! ser. iii, 109! Denka Territory: Rek District, Schweinfurth, 1921!
Madi, Speke & Grant! Uganda, Wilson, 41!

Lower Guinea, Hereroland, Hopfuer, 65 (ex Schinz).

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: East shore of Lake Tanganyika, Scott-
Elliot, 8285! Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta ; Kongoni River, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; in woods between Blantyre and Matope, Scott !

Var. Daltoni, Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc. xiv. 613. Flowers smaller than in
the type; segments narrower, subacute ; pedicels all abruptly deflexed,

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Rabba, on the River Niger, Dalton !

13. A. bechuanicus, Baker. A climber. Stems slender, woody,
with close copiously pinnate slender glabrous branches. Leaves pro-
duced at the base into a small pungent conical straight spur. Cladodia
3—6-nate, rigid, setaceous, ascending, ZA in. long. Flowers herma-
phrodite, solitary; pedicels } in. long, articulated below the middle.
Perianth } in. long; segments oblong, ascending, white with a broad
green keel. Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers oblong, minute,
bright-yellow. Ovary globose ; styles not reaching up to the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Nakalechwe, Lugard, 25!

14. A. Judtii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 44. A
divaricate undershrub. Branches spreading, woody, pungent at the
tip. Leaves produced at the base into straight subulate spines.
Cladodia 3-6-nate, subulate, ł4—} in. long. Flowers 2—3-nate in the
axils of the leaves.

Lower Guinea, German South-west Africa : Great Namaqualand ; Hoachanas,
Fleck, 901.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

The locality is a little south of the Tropic, but there can be little doubt that the
plant also occurs within the ‘Tropical limits.

15. A. Schweinfurthii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 616. A
tall much-branched erect shrub, glabrous in all its parts. Branches long,
straight ; branchlets many, ascending. Leaves produced at the base into
small pungent spines. Cladodia 3-6 in a fascicle, rigid, subulate,
ascending, 9-15 lin.long. Flowers in axillary pairs; pedicels ascending,
4-4 in. long, articulated near the base. Perianth ;', in. long; segments
not spreading. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.

Wile Land. Galabat: on the banks of the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 29!

16. A. namaensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 44.
An erect much-branched undershrub. Branches and branchlets virgate.

430 CXL, LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Asparagus.

Leaves produced at the base into short straight spines. Cladodia very
slender, setaceous, fascicled at the tips of the branchlets, ;4,—} in. long.
Flowers hermaphrodite.

Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand; without
precise locality, Fleck, 3074.

No specimen at Kew; it may be an extra-tropical species.

17. A. flagellaris, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 614. A much-
branched shrub. Branches smooth, terete; branchlets nearly straight,
angled towards the tip. Leaves produced at the base into curved spines.
Cladodia very slender, subulate, } in. long. Pedicels axillary, geminate,

in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth campanulate.
Anthers } the length of the filaments.—A sparagopsis flagellaris, Kunth,
Enum. v. 103.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia : near Richard Toll, Lelievre.

I have not seen an authenticated specimen of this species.

18. A. plumosus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 613. A shrubby
climber, Stems slender, terete, very flexuose; branches copiously
pinnate, with spreading branchlets. Leaves with a small pungent spur.
Cladodia 6-12 in a cluster, setaceous, very slender, 4-} in. long.
Flowers axillary, usually solitary ; pedicels } in. long, articulated at the
middle. Perianth 4; in. long; segments spreading widely. Berry the
size of a small pea, usually 1-seeded.—Fl. Cap. vi. 260; Flore des Serres,
t. 2413-4; Ill. Hort. xxvii. t. 394; Gard.Chron. 1880, xiii. 749, fig. 129;
Le Jardin, 1887, 187, fig. 85; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 168.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 2000-3000 ft., Johnston !
at Kwa Kinabo, 4500 ft., Volkens, 1955! at Usere, 4500 ft., Volkens, 1970! and on
the banks of the Quare Brook, 3500 ft., Volkens, 2039! Usambara; Maschewa, Holst,
8559! Usagara Mountains, Kirk ! Portuguese East Africa: Makua; Namuli Hills,
Last! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau, 6600-7500 ft., Whyte!
and without precise locality, Buchanan, 750! 1470!

Also in South Africa.

19. A. zanzibaricus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 614. A
scandent shrub. Main stems terete, glabrous, woody; branchlets
copiously and regularly pinnate, spreading. Leaves produced at the
base into stout pungent spines. Cladodia 3—8-nate on the branchlets,
densely congested at their tips, subulate, moderately stout, 4—4 in. long.
Pedicels geminate, } in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth
not seen. Fruit the size of a pea.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: near Kokotoni, Hildebrandt, 1048! German East
Africa: Kilimanjaro, 3000 ft., Johnston, 188!

20. A. pubescens, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 254.
A much-branched climbing shrub. Branchlets pubescent, woody,
whitish, 4—1 ft. long. Leaves of the branches with a short deflexed
pungent spur. Cladodia 4-8 in a cluster, subulate, rigid, not very
slender, }-} in. long. Pedicels axillary, 1-2-nate, 4-4 in. long, often

Asparagus. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 431

produced from sterile nodes, articulated below the middle. Perianth
$ in. long. Anthers oblong, much shorter than the filaments. Berry
the size of a small pea.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 168.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; temperate region, in dry pastures at
Catumba, Welwitsch, 3878 !

21. A. deflexus, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 254. A
much-branched climbing shrub. Branches slender, glabrous, the
lower deflexed; branchlets many, short. Leaves with a short deflexed
pungent spur. Cladodia 6-10 ina cluster, subulate, very slender, {—} in.
long. Flowers 1-2 axillary or 4-6 from the tip of the branchlets ;
pedicels 4~4 in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth 1 in. long;
segments oblong-spathulate. Stamens distinctly shorter than the
perianth ; anthers oblong, minute.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3874!

22. A. Nelsii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 44. A
much-branched undershrub. Branches woody, terete ; branchlets rigid,
clothed with whitish pubescence ` upper internodes } in. long. Leaves
produced at the base into hard deflexed brown spines. Cladodia
fascicled, subulate, ł}—4 in. long. Flowers unknown.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Nels, 70,

No specimen at Kew.

23. A. mozambicus, Kunth, Enum. v.72. Stems erect, much-
branched, glabrous. Branches spreading ; branchlets angled, glabrous.
Leaves of the main branches produced into a short pungent spur at the
base. Cladodia 6-7 or more in a cluster, capillary, curved, 4—3 in. long,
2-3 times longer than the internodes, Flowers and fruit unknown.—
Garcke in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 520; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xiv. 629.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Peters !

No specimen at Kew.

24. A. Lugardi, Baker. A climbing shrub. Branches long,
spreading, slender, green; branchlets distant, spreading, pubescent.
Leaves produced into a pungent spur at the base. Cladodia many to
a node, setaceous, very slender, 4 in. long. Flowers hermaphrodite,
1-2 to a node; pedicels } in. long, articulated below the middle.
Perianth white, 4 in. long; segments oblanceolate, obtuse, keeled with
brown. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers minute, oblong,
bright yellow. Ovary turbinate; styles reaching up to the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland, near Lake Ngami,
Lugard, 31!

25. A. puberulus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 618. A much-
branched climbing shrub. Branches long, flexuose, terete, pubescent ;
branchlets long, spreading, curved. Leaves produced at the base into
pungent subulate deflexed spines. Cladodia 3-6 in a cluster, 4—4 in.

432 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [| Asparagus.

long, often absent from the floriferous nodes. Flowers umbellate, often
produced from the tip of short branchlets; pedicels 4 in. long, articu-
lated at the middle. Perianth very small; segments not spreading.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, at
Magomero, Meller !

26. A. irregularis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 620. A
climbing shrub. Branches slender, flexuose, terete, glabrous ; branch-
lets many, ascending. Leaves produced at the base into a small pungent
spur. Cladodia subulate, slender, }~} in. long, 3-6 in a cluster from
the nodes, more numerous at the top of the branchlets, absent altogether
from many of the flowering nodes. Flowers often several in a cluster;
pedicels 4-1 in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth yy in.
long ; segments not spreading. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, at the
foot of Mount Chiradzulu, Kirk !

27. A. asiaticus, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1, 313; Mant. 366. A
much-branched climbing shrub. Main stems woody ; branches copiously
pinnate ; branchlets short. Leaves produced at the base into a deflexed
pungent spine. Cladodia 6-15 in a cluster, subulate, not very slender,
4-4 in. long. Flowers often several in an axillary cluster; pedicels
4-} in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth 4 in. long; seg-
ments permanently ascending. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.
Ovules several in a cell. Berry the size of a pea, usually 1-seeded.—
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 618, and in PL Cap. vi. 265; Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 168; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii.
App. ii. 77. A. mitis, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 319. A. scaberulus,
A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 320. A. Steudneri, Schweinf. in Pl.
Geo Afr. Exsic. No. 309. Asparagopsis Willdenowii, Kunth, Enum.
v. 86.

Nile Zand. Nubia: Mount Erkowit, near Suakin, Schweinfurth, 309!
Eritrea: Keren, Beccari, 36! Abyssinia: Ankober, Roth! Doka Keit, Roth, 549!
near Adowa, Schimper, 296! and without precise locality, Schimper, 181 1 240! 728!
1431! Somaliland, Mrs. Lort-Phillips! British East Africa: Wanderolo; near
Lake Nakuru, 6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6840! east side of Lake Albert Edward, Scott-
Elliot, 8071!

Mozamb, Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! Portuguese East Africa :
Quilimane, Stuhlmann, 613 ! 614! Zambesi River; Lupata, Kirk! near Tete, Kirk !

Also in South Africa, Arabia, and Tropical Asia, ~

28. A. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 254.
A much-branched subscandent shrub. Branches pubescent, flexuose ;
branchlets numerous, erecto-patent. Leaves of the branches with a
large deflexed pungent spur. Cladodia densely fascicled, very slender,
rigid, subulate, 4—4 in. long. Flowers many in a fascicle ; pedicels 4 in.
long, articulated near the base. Perianth funnel-shaped, $ in. long.

Asparagus. | CXL. LILIACEA (BAKER). 433

Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers globose, minute. Berry the
size of a pea.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 169.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in the subtemperate region, 3800-5500 ft.,
Welwitsch, 3879 !

29. A. africanus, Zam. Encyc. i. 295. A much-branched tall
shrub, glabrous in all its parts. Main stems terete, woody ; branchlets
straight, virgate. Leaves produced at the base into pungent spines,
Cladodia densely fascicled, subulate, not very slender, 4-1 in. long.
Flowers umbellate from the sides and tips of the branchlets; pedicels
ġ-ł in. long, articulated below the middle. Perianth AA in. long;
segments not spreading. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth;
anthers small, oblong. Berry E in. diam., usually 1-seeded.—Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 619; and in Fl. Cap. vi. 265; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 77. A. abyssinicus, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss.
No. 2216; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 319; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 169; Schweinf, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 76. A. retrofractus,
Forsk. Pl. Ægypt. Arab. 73, non Linn. Asparagopsis Lamarckii, Kunth,
Enum. v. 87.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Mbidjem, Thierry, 204! and without precise
locality, Heudelot, 462! Togoland: Krakje (Kratshi), on the River Volta, Krause !
Niger Territory: Nupe; on sandy plains, Barter, 1516!

Nile Land, Eritrea: Keren, 4500 ft., Beccari! Lalamba Mountain, near Keren,
5800 ft., Schweinfurth, 844! near Amba Tokhan, Schweinfurth & Riva, 619! Abyssinia :
Tacazze Valley, at the foot of mountains, near Gurrsarfa, Schimper, 48! 2216! and
without precise locality, Schimper, 926! White Nile, Petherick ! Schweinfurth, 1099!
Gazelle River, at Meshra, Schweinfurth, 1275! Kordofan: Mulbes, Pfund, 861!
Somaliland: Boobi, James § Thrupp ! Hammar,Miss Edith Cole ! Mrs.Lort-Phillips !
between Ospoli and Karanle, Riva, 1059. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas,
Schweinfurth, 2390! Ruwenzori; in forest, 7000-8000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7846 !
Uganda, Scott-Elliot, 7181! 7275! Ukamba, 5000-6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6490!
Mombasa, Wakefield ! Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor.

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Smith! Laurent. French Congo: Brazza-
ville, Dybowski ! Angola : Pungo Andongo, in woods, Welwitsch, 3851! 3852! 3856
3875! 3876! Chella Mountains, Johnston !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa; Kilimanjaro, 4000-8000 ft., Volkens,
1912! 1971! British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5200 ft., Nutt! Nyasa-
land; Mount Zomba, Whyte! Northern Zambesia ; Boruma, on the River Zambesi,
Menyharth, 917!

Also Arabia, Socotra, and South Africa,

30. A. laricinus, Burch. Trav. i. 537, A tall much-branched
shrub. Branches whitish, woody, terete, glabrous, slightly flexuose ;
branchlets many, ascending. Leaves produced into a small deflexed
pungent spur. Cladodia rigid, subulate, ł}—1 in. long, densely fascicled,
not very slender, Flowers densely umbellate; pedicels 4} in. long,
articulated below the middle. Perianth 4 in. long; segments not
spreading. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth.—Kunth, Enum,
v. 75; Baker in Journ, Linn, Soc. xiv, 620, and in Fl. Cap. vi. 267.

VOL. VIL 2F

434 CXL. LILIACES (BAKER). | Asparagus.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: near Lake Ngami, common throughout
the district from the Orange River to the Cunene River, Schinz !
Also in South Africa.

31. A. racemosus, Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 152. A climbing shrub.
Branches terete, woody, glabrous; branchlets copious, spreading.
Leaves produced at the base into a pungent spur. Cladodia 2-6 in
a cluster, subulate or slightly flattened, LA in. long. Racemes solitary
or fascicled, lax, 1-2 in. long; pedicels 4—} in. long, articulated at the
middle; bracts minute, membranous. Perianth white, ;4,—} in. long;
segments spreading. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth. Berries
usually 1-seeded, 1-1 in. diam.— Wight, Ic. t. 2056; Baker in Journ.
Linn, Soc. xiv. 623 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 169 ; Schweinf. in
Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 76. A. petitianus, A. Rich. Tent. EL
Abyss. ii. 320. Asparagopsis abyssinica, Kunth, Enum. v. 101.

Upper Guinea. Ashanti; Akroful, Cummins, 31!

Nile Land. Nubia: Mersa Sheikh Barud, Schweinfurth, 504! Eritrea:
Geleb, 4800-5800 ft., Schweinfurth, 1118; Amba, 6100 ft., Schweinfurth, 1391!
‘Lalamba Peak, near Keren, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth, 963. Saganeiti, 7100 ft.,
Schweinfurth, 1236. Abyssinia: Aferbeine, Roth, 550! Mount Semayata, Schimper,
874! and without precise locality, Schimper, 240! 725! 1075! Somaliland: Valley
of the River Ruspoli, Riva, 851! British East Africa: Madi, in woods, Speke &
Grant, 38! Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 10498! Uluguru, Stuhlmann, 8874!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda and Huilla; in thickets, Welwitsch, 3848!
Sa 3850! 8855! German’ South-west Africa: Amboland; Grootfontein, Schinz,

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk! German East Africa: Usambaro; Mascheua,
Holst, 3488! between Kilimanjaro and Mount Meru, 3000 ft., Volkens, 2034! Lake
Tanganyika, Cameron! British Central Africa: Urungu; Niomkolo, near Lake
Tanganyika, Carson ! Ngamiland; Nakalechwe, Lugard, 25a!

Also in Tropical Asia,

32. A. Buchanani, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 211. A much-
branched climbing shrub, with slender glabrous branchlets. Leaves pro-
duced into a small pungent spur. Cladodia 2—6 in a cluster, narrowly
linear, rigid, 1-nerved, ł in. long. Racemes copious, lateral, lax, 14-2 in.
long ; pedicels erecto-patent, rather longer than the flowers, articulated
at the tip; bracts minute, persistent, ovate-lanceolate. Perianth yẹ in.
long; segments spreading from the base. Stamens as long as the
perianth ; anthers small, globose.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe; on dry hills at 4000-5000 ft.»
Scott-Elliot, 8196! Portuguese East Africa: Lupata, on the River Zambesi, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Blantyre, Buchanan! Namasi River, Cameron,
23! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1503!

33. A. ethiopicus, Linn. Mant. 63. A climbing shrub. Branches
woody, terete, glabrous; branchlets angled, sulcate, curved. Leaves
produced at the base into a pungent spine. Cladodia 3-6 in a cluster,
linear, moderately firm, distinctly costate, 4—1 in. long. Racemes lax,
axillary, 2-3 in. long; pedicels 4—4 in. long, articulated at the middle ;
bracts minute, ovate or lanceolate. Perianth white, fragrant, as m.

Asparagus. } CXL, LILIACER (BAKER). 435

long; segments spreading. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth,
Berry } in. diam., usually 1-seeded.— Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 153; Baker
in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv.626, and in Fl.Cap. vi. 271; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.
Trop. Afr. 169. Asparagopsis ethiopica, Kunth, Enum. v. 95.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Kikuyu; Ndoro, at the foot of Mount Kenia,
6000 ít., Héhnel, 67! Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor.

No specimen from Tropical Africa at Kew,

Also in South Africa.

34. A. drepanophyllus, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
ser. 2, Bot.i. 254. A much-climbing shrub, Branches slender, flexnose,
glabrous ; branchlets numerous, spreading. Leaves of the stout woody
stems produced into a pungent spur. Cladodia usually 3-nate, unequal,
spreading, linear, curved, bright green, distinctly 1-nerved, the larger
#-1 in. long. Racemes sessile, long, 3-6 in. long; pedicels 38-6-nate,
eh in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth campanulate, A in.
long; segments oblong. Stamens shorter than the perianth.

South Central. Lunda: near the Lulua River, at Kavango, Pogge !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: in forests, Laurent, 76. Angola: Golungo

Alto; in dense woods, Welwitsch, 3858! 3859! Bangala; Kitamba, on the River
Kuango, Buchner.

35. A. falcatus, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1, 313. A climbing shrub.
Branches flexuose, glabrous; branchlets spreading. Leaves of the
main branches produced into a large pungent spur. Cladodia 1-3 to
the lateral nodes, sometimes 6—8-nate at the tips of the branchlets,
linear, moderately firm, dark green, curved, 14-3 in. long. Flowers in
lax racemes; pedicels 2—3-nate, articulated at the middle. Perianth
white, sweet-scented, ;4, in. long; segments spreading. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth. Berry 4 in. diam., usually 1-seeded.—
Kunth, Enum. v. 71; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 626, and in FI.
Cap. vi. 271. A. ethiopicus, var. ternifolius, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot.
t. 261.

Upper Guinea. Yoruba, Millson, 25!

Nile Land. Somaliland, Miss Edith Cole! Mrs. Lort-Phillips! British East
Africa: Lake Victoria Nyanza, at Berkeley Bay, Scott-Elliot, 7064!

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch, 3857! Lower Congo, Smith.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mafia Island, Bartle Frere ! Bagamoyo,
Kirk! Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Johnston ! Karagwe; near Kagera River, Scott-Elliot,
$146! Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; near Shupanga, Kirk ! Morambala
Mountain, 1500 ft., Kirk !

Also in South Africa and Tropical Asia.

36. A. medeoloides, Zhunb. Prodr. 66. Stems wide-climbing.
Branches and branchlets flexuose, glabrous. Leaves not produced at
the base into a pungent spur. Cladodia solitary, ovate, acute, sub-
coriaceous, #-14 in. long. Flowers usually in pairs from the axils of
the leaves; pedicels 4—4 in. long, articulated above the middle. Perianth
4-} in. long ; segments spreading from the middle. Anthers minute,
ovules 5-6 in a cell. Berry globose, }-} in. long.—Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xiv. 627, and in PL Cap. vi. 272. Dracena medeoloides,

436 CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER). | Asparagus.

Linn, f. Suppl. 203. Myrsiphyllum asparagoides, Willd. in Ges. Naturf.
Fr. Berl, Mag. ii. 1808, 25; Kunth, Enum, v. 105; Hook. in Bot. Mag.
t, 5584.
Wile Land. British East Africa: Plateau of the Kikuyu escarpment, near
Kedong, Gregory. .
No specimen from Tropical Africa at Kew.
A common South African plant,

3. DRACASNA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 779.

Perianth-tube cylindrical; segments of the limb narrow, equal,
spreading. Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube ;
filaments filiform ; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary ovoid,
sessile, 3-celled ; ovules solitary, basal, erect; style long, filiform;
stigma capitate. Fruit globose, baccate. Seeds 1-3, globose or angled
by pressure; testa thick, sometimes pulpy; albumen horny ; embryo
small.—Shrubs, with woody stems. Leaves sessile or petiolate, ensiform
or oblong, sometimes blotched with white. Inflorescence racemose, often
panicled ; pedicels articulated at the middle, usually fascicled. Flowers
small, white or yellowish.

Species 50, spread through the warmer regions of the Old World.

Leaves sessile, ensiform, crowded,
Leaves thick and rigid.
Perianth + in. long
Perianth 4 in. long . : o
Perianth 4 in, long . - S
Leaves thin,

. D. schizantha.
D. Oméet.
. D. Hanningtont.

DEE

Perianth 4 in. long. . 4. D. Manni. S
Perianth 1 in. long S 5D; Perrotteti.
Leaves sessile, lanceolate, crowded 6. D. acutissima,

Leaves sessile, oblanceolate, crowded.
Racemes cylindrical.
Perianth 4—2 in. long .
Perianth 13-2 in, long
Racemes congested, globose.
Flowers small,

D, arborea.
. D. Preussit,

#2

Atalltree. ; ; d e e . 9. D. Papahu.
Low trees. ;
Perianth 4 in. long. S ; ; , 10. D. parviflora,
Perianth Z 32 in. long. SE
Pedicels very short . : S - . 11. D. Smithi.
Pedicels A. in. long.
Perianth niee - : . 12, D. fragrans.
Perianth tinged with red : A +18. Dp. Steudnert.
Flowers large . : : e : . 14, D. Fischert,
Leaves sessile, linear, laxly disposed ` 2 : . 15. D. reflexa.
Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, laxly disposed . k Ce D Braunit.
Leaves sessile, lanceolate, rosulate e S . 17, D. cerasifera.

Leaves subsessile, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, 2-3-nate
on a slender stem with long internodes. :
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong ` e e e . 18. D. cameroonrana.
Leaves oblong.
Pedicels short.

Dracena. |

` Leaves 13-2 in. broad ;

Leaves 2—2} in. broad.
Pedicels distinct .
Pedicels nearly obsolete

Leaves 2-3} in. broad

Pedicels 4—4 in. long.
Berry 3-4 in. diam..
Berry 3—3 in. diam.

Leaves distinctly petiolate, lanceolate, or

Leaves lanceolate.
Acaulescent.
Caulescent.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate.
Acaulescent
Caulescent.

Lower pedicels 2-3 in a cluster .
Lower pedicels 5-6 in a cluster. i |
Inflorescence usually

Leaves distinctly petiolate, oblong.
panicled.

Inflorescence of 3-4 heads on a simple axis : .

Inflorescence panicled.
Petiole short.
Pedicels short .
Pedicels 4—4} in. long.
Pedicels always solitary

Lower pedicels not solitary.

Inflorescence panicled
Inflorescence spicate .

CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER).

437

, 19. D. silvatica.

. 20. D. interrupta.
. 21. D. mayumbensis,
. 22. D. congoensis.

. 23. D. surculosa.

oblong-lanceolate.

24. D. godseffiana.

. 25. D. acaulis.
. 26. D. Pogget.

. 27. D. humilis.

. 28. D. thalioides.
. 29. D tholloniana.

30. D. ugandensis.

. 31. D. gabonica.

Perianth-segments as long as tbe tube .
Perianth-segments twice as long as the tube

Petiole long.

Blade cuneate at the base.
Petiole 4—5 in. long
Petiole 6-8 in. long |

Blade rounded at the base

florescence capitate.
Acaulescent or subacaulescent.

Blade narrowed to the base .

Blade rounded to the base.

Blade less than half as broad as long .
Blade more than half as broad as long

Caulescent.

Blade less than half as broad as long.

Perianth 4} in. long .
Perianth #-—1 in. long.

Perianth-segments half as long as the tube
Perianth-segments as long as the tube .

Blade half as broad as long.
Stems short.

Perianth-segments half as long as the tube

. 32. D. elegans.

33. D. elliptica.
34. D. laxissima.

. 35. D. glomerata. -
. 36. D. Büttneri.

i . 37. D. densifolia.
Leaves distinctly petiolate, lanceolate or oblong. In-

. 38. D. monostachya.

Perianth-segments nearly as long as the tube .

Perianth-segments as long as the tube .

Stems 3-5 ft. long .

1. D. schizantha, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1877, 71.

. 39. D. phrynioides.
. 40. D. phanerophlebia.

. 41. D. Afzelii.
. 42. D. cylindrica,

. 43. D. bicolor,

. 44. D. Eiliotii.

45. D. goldieana.

. 46. D. ovata.
. 47. D. Lecomtei.

A tree

20-30 ft. high, with a thick forked trunk. Leaves crowded, rigid,

438 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Draceena.

ensiform. Panicle ample, tripinnate; branches stiff, stout, pubescent,
spreading horizontally ; pedicels clustered, pubescent, -y in. long, articu-
lated at the middle; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth } in. long; tube
very short. Stamens shorter than the perianth ; filaments flattened.—
Hildeb. in Monatsschr. Ver. Gartenb. K. preuss. Staaten, 1878, 196.

Nile Land. British Somaliland: Mountains, near Maid, 2500-5500 ft., Hilde-
brandt, 1472!

Native name Moli.

I have not seen the leaves of Hildebrandt’s plant, but those of one gathered in the
Golis range in 1895, by Mrs. E. Lort-Phillips, are not distinguishable from those of
D. Ombet. This and the two next are nearly allied to the Canarian D. Draco, and
Socotran D. Cinnabari, Balf, f.

2. D. Ombet, Kotschy & Peyr. Pl. Tinn. 47, with figure. Trunk
7-8 ft. long, twice forked ; branchlets short, thick, spreading. Leaves
densely rosulate, ensiform from a dilated base, 14-2 ft. long, under
1 in. broad low down, narrowed gradually to the tip, very thick and
rigid, smooth on the margin, rounded on the back in the lower half,
keeled upwards, triquetrous towards the apex. Panicle shortly peduncled,
very compound, above 1 ft. long; branchlets glabrous; pedicels many
in a cluster, 4—4 in. long, articulated at the middle; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, minute. Perianth } in. long; tube nearly obsolete.
Stamens shorter than the perianth.—Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 1-
App. ii. 76; Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2539.

Nile Land. Nubia: on Mount Erkowit, near Suakin, 5000 ft., Schweinfurth
250! Anguab Mountains, west of Suakin, 2500-4000 ft., Heuglin ! Eritrea: Mount

Adhamed, near Geleb, 6800 ft., Schweinfurth, 1187, 1413. Mount Alamkale, near
Aidereso, 5800 ft., Schweinfurth, 1464, 1821.

3. D. Hanningtoni, Baker. Nearly allied to D. Ombet. Branch-
lets of the panicle glabrous ; pedicels densely clustered AA in. long.
Perianth cylindrical, 4 in. long; tube half as long as the segments.
Stamens as long as the perianth. Style distinctly exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Msalala, Hannington /

4. D. Mannii, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 164. Trunk woody, 30 ft.
long. Leaves crowded, ascending, ensiform, sessile, firm in texture,
1-1} ft. long, 3-1 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to 3 in-
above the base ; midrib not visible in the upper third. Panicle nearly
sessile, bipinnate, 14 ft. long; branches long, ascending; racemes
moderately dense, the end one 4 ft. long; pedicels short, articulated at
the apex, the lower 3-6 in a cluster; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth
greenish, 4 in. long; segments twice as long as the tube. Stamens as
long as the perianth-segments. Style finally exserted—Baker ım
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 526.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar River, Mann, 2329! Thomson, 8!

Imperfect specimens of an allied plant are described by Hua in Contr. Fl. Cong.
Frang. Lil. 7, from Osika, in the Bateke country, French Congo, collected by De
Brazza (No. 185) in 1883. It differs from D, Mannii by its longer pedicels.

5. D. Perrottetii, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 165. Trunk ve
12 ft. long; branchlets slender, glabrous. Leaves ensiform, sessile,

Dracena. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 439

thin, moderately firm, 6-12 in. long, 3-1 in. broad above the middle,
narrowed gradually to the base; midrib not visible in the upper third.
Panicle shortly peduncled, deltoid, sometimes 1 ft. long; branches
spreading, laxly racemose; pedicels } in. long, articulated at the apex,
the lower clustered; bracts smal], ovate. Perianth white, 1 in. long ;
segments twice as long as the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-
Segments. Style exserted.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 528.

Upper Guinea. Senegal, Perrottet, 785! Lagos, Moloney,2! Niger Territory :
Nupe, Barter, 1511!

Var, minor, Baker in. Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 529. Leaves much smaller.
Racemes simple.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia: River Nunez, Heudelot !

6. D. acutissima, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 17. Leaves
not very crowded, erect, sessile, linear, 1 ft. long, 4 in. broad, very
acute, sub-rigid ; midrib distinct on both surfaces; underside showing
12-15 distinct raised vertical veins. Raceme lax, simple, terminal,
shorter than the leaves; rhachis pubescent; bracts obsolete; flowers
many in a cluster; pedicels 4 in. long, articulated at the base. Buds
clavate, much constricted at the middle. Perianth-tube cylindrical,
longer than the lobes.

Lower Guinea. French Congo: region of the River Alima, a tributary of the
Lower Congo, Thollon, 913 !

No specimen at Kew.

7. D. arborea, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 341. Trunk arborescent,
reaching a height of 40 ft. Leaves dense, sessile, lanceolate, thin,
moderately firm, 2—3 ft. long, 2—3 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to
under 1 in. above the dilated base; midrib visible nearly to the apex.
Inflorescence an ample deltoid panicle 1} ft. long and broad ; lower
branch bracts large, lanceolate; racemes dense, cylindrical, 3-6 in.
long ; flowers 3—4 in a cluster; pedicels }-} in. long; bracts ovate,
Scariose. Perianth }—}in. long; tubeshort, campanulate. Stamens not
exserted. Berry the size of a cherry—Kunth, Enum. v. 9; Regel Revis.
Drac. 36 ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 528. D. knerkiana, K. Koch,
Wochenschr. iv. 394, x. 235. Aletris arborea, Willd. Enum. 381,

Upper Guinea. Ashanti: Fumassi, Cummins, 16r! Niger Delta: banks of
the River Nun, Mann, 454!

Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, ascending to 3000 ft., Moller A: Quintas,
13! 107! Angola, Welwitsch, 3737! French Congo ; lagoon of Mayumba, Lecomte,
107.

8. D. Preussii, Hngl. Jahrb. xv. 477. Stem 16-20 ft. long.
Leaves crowded, sessile, lanceolate, 2-3 ft. long, 3 in. broad at the
middle, narrowed to 2 in. above the dilated base ; midrib stout, prominent
on the undersurface. Inflorescence dense, subcylindrical ; branches and
branchlets short, many-flowered; bracts lanceolate, nearly i in. long,
purplish upwards. Perianth-tube nearly 1 in. long; segments 2 the
length of the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, near Barombi, Preuss, 328.

No specimen at Kew.

440 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [Dracena.

9. D. Papahu, Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 143. A tree 60 ft. high.
Leaves sessile, lanceolate, almost membranous, 2 ft. or more long, 4 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to 14-2 in. above the base;
midrib not visible in the upper third. Panicle tripinnate ; flowers
many toacluster. Perianth-segments as long as the tube. Filaments
scarcely as long as the anthers. Berry above 4 in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; Lutindi, Holst, 3260!

10. D. parviflora, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 252.
Trunk forked, 20-35 ft. long. Leaves crowded, sessile, laneeolate, sub-
coriaceous, 3—4 ft. long, 3 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to 1 in.
above the dilated base ; midrib visible nearly to the apex. Panicle 1 ft.
or more long; flowers densely congested at the apex of the branchlets ;
bracts minute, ovate; pedicels } in. long. Perianth whitish, } in. long;
tube as long as the segments. Style exserted.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; in elevated woods by the side of
streams, Welwitsch, 3239 !

Native name Calunga.

11. D. Smithii, Baker ex Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6169. Trunk
slender, 15 ft. long. Leaves crowded, lanceolate, sessile, 3-4 ft. long,
24-33 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to 1 in. above the dilated base;
midrib not visible in the upper third. Panicle much shorter than the
leaves ` clusters of flowers dense, globose, 1}—1} in. diam., both terminal
and lateral on the branchlets, the lowest lateral sessile or shortly
peduncled; pedicels very short, articulated at the middle. Perianth
pale yellow, 4 in. long; tube cylindrical, as long as the segments.
Stamens as long as the perianth-segments.

‘West Tropical Africa (?) Cultivated specimen !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in 1875, received from the Duke of

Northumberland. Sir J. D. Hooker thinks it was sent by Whitfield from Upper
Guinea.

12. D. fragrans, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1081. Trunk arborescent,
reaching a height of 20 ft. and more. Leaves crowded, sessile, lanceo-
late, thin, green, shining, 2-3 ft. long, 3-4 in. broad at the middle,
narrowed to 1 in. or less above the dilated base; midrib visible nearly
to the apex. Panicle deltoid, shortly peduncled, 1 ft. or more long;
flowers densely congested at the end of the branchlets ; pedicels 5 12-
long, articulated at the apex; bracts small, ovate, white, scariose.
Perianth yellowish, }—3 in. long, fragrant ; segments as long as the tube.
Stamens as long as the perianth-segments. Style exserted. Berry
orange-red, the size of a cherry.—Schultes f. Syst. Veg. vii. 342;
Kunth, Enum. v. 9; Regel, Revis. Drac. 37; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss.
ii. 321; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 529. Aletris fragrans, Linn. Sp.
Plant. ed. ii. 456; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 306; Red. Lil. t. 117. Sansevieria
fragrans, Jacq. Fragm. t. 2, fig. 6, t. 33, fig. 1.

Upper Guinea. Without locality, cultivated specimen, Mann! Sierra Leone,
Afzelius !

Dracena. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 441

- Nile Land, Abyssinia: Shoa, Quartin-Dillon! British East Africa: Uganda,
Scott-Elliot, 7439! Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7829!
Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3738!
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Chiradzulu,
Meller ! Zomba, Whyte, 87! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 25!

D. Lindeni, Ill. Hort. xxvii. t. 384, is a form of this species, having the leaves
variegated with white.

13. D. Steudneri, Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 143. Arborescent.
Leaves large, lanceolate. Inflorescence an ample panicle with spreading
branches; flowers densely clustered; bracts ovate ; pedicels 4 in. long.
Perianth more than 4 in. long; tube constricted above the ovary ;
segments linear-oblong, tinged with red on the keel outside. Filaments
filiform ; anthers oblong. Berry }—} in. diam.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Dembea; near Gondar, Steudner, 477.

Var. kilimandscharica, Engl. loc. cit. Leaves more narrowed below the middle,
1} ft. long, 2 in. broad. Perianth-segments as long as the tube.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; abundant 4500-9000 ft.,
used by the natives for hedges, Johnston, 176! at Marangu, 4900 ft., Volkens, 1416!

14. D. Fischeri, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 477. Leaves not seen.
Flowers congested at the tip of the branchlets in large globose heads;
clusters subtended by orbicular scariose bracts 1$—2 in. long and broad ;
pedicels short. Perianth cylindrical, nearly 3 in. long; segments short.
Stamens inserted above the middle of the perianth-tube.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Usuri, Fischer, 589!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium, `

15. D. reflexa, Zam. Encyc. ii. 324, var. nitens, Baker. Trunk
7-10 ft. long. Leaves laxly disposed, sessile, linear, moderately firm,
bright green, 6-10 in. long, $-} in. broad at the middle, slightly
narrowed to the base; midrib visible nearly to the apex. Panicle
shortly peduncled, 4—1 ft. long; branches short, spreading, simple;
pedicels 4—4 in. long, the lower 2-3 in a cluster ; bracts ovate, minute,
scariose. Perianth cylindrical, white tinged with red outside, }—j in.
long; tube cylindrical. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments,
Style exserted. Berry 4 in. diam.—JD. nitens, Welw. ex Baker in Trans.
Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Bot. i. 252.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ruwenzori; Yeria Valley, 8000 ft., Scott-
Elliot, 7899! Butagu Valley, 8000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8009!

Lower Guinea. Angola; Golungo Alto and Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch,
3741! 3742! 3743!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, near the
River Shire, 500-2000 ft., Kirk !

16. D. Braunii, Hngl. Jahrb. xv. 479, t. 20. Rootstock nearly
1 ft. long, branched. Sterile stem simple, erect, slender, Le in. long.
Leaves laxly disposed, sessile, lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, under 1 in. broad,
narrowed to a clasping channelled base. Fertile stem very short, with

442 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Draceena.

only a single pair of similar leaves. Spike simple, short, lax, with a
short erect peduncle; lower flowers 3-4 in a cluster. Perianth nearly
1 in. long; segments twice as long as the cylindrical tube. Stamens
rather shorter than the perianth-segments.—Hua in Contr. Fl. Congo
Frang. Li). 11.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Malimba, Braun.

Lower Guinea. (Gabvon: Cape St. Clara, Leroy.

Flowered at the Berlin Botanic Garden, August 1891. No specimen at Kew.

D. sanderiana, Sander ex Masters in Gard. Chron, 1893, xiii. 442 and 445, fig. 65,
is like D. Braunii in habit, but the leaves are 6-7 in. long by 14 in. broad, and longi-
tudinally variegated with white, It was introduced from the Cameroons into the
Berlin Botanic Garden by J. Braun in 1888.—Gard. Chron. 1893, xiii. 576 and 634;

Journ. Hort. ser. xxvi. 3, 389 ; Rev. Hort. Belg. 1893, 139 ; Bull. Soc. Tose. Ort. 1897,
176, t. 8.

17. D. cerasifera, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 11. Leaves
few, forming a rosette at the tip of the branches, lanceolate, acute,
reaching a length of 7-8 in., 1} in. broad at the middle, narrowed to
the base, distinctly costate to the apex. Panicle lax, pendulous, 2 ft.
long ; rhachis slender ; lower branch-bracts foliaceous; upper deltoid,
apiculate; pedicels slender, nearly 1 in. long, articulated at the apex,
often geminate. Perianth 1 in. long; segments twice the length of the
tube, subspathulate. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth-lobes.
Berry globose, } in. diam., resembling a cherry, usually 1-seeded.

Lower Guinea. French Congo: Ogowe River, Leroy !

No specimen at Kew.

18. D. camerooniana, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 166. A much-
branched shrub, reaching a height of 15 ft. Branchlets slender, woody,
with long internodes. Leaves 2—4-nate. nearly sessile, oblanceolate-
oblong, 4-8 in. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, moderately firm in
texture, acute, narrowed to the base; midrib visible only on the under-
side near the base. Inflorescence a short lax simple raceme with a short
peduncle; flowers few in the lateral clusters, many in the end one;
pedicels very short; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth }-1 in. long;
segments shorter than the cylindrical tube. Stamens rather shorter
than the perianth-segments. Style finally exserted. Berry usually
1-seeded, }—4 in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xiv. 538.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Talla Hills, at Lumbaraya, Scott-Elliot, 5009!
River Scarcies, at Bayabaya, Scott-Elliot, 4551! Gold Coast, Burton § Cameron H
Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 146! Cameroon Mountain at 3500 ft., Mann, 1204!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyauax, 61!

19. D. silvatica, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 13. Allied to
D. surculosa. Stems tufted, slender, scarcely 1 ft. long. Leaves oblong,
acuminate, 4—5 in. long, 14-2 in. broad; midrib distinct only near the
base; petiole very short, channelled, amplexicaul. Raceme simple,

Dracena. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 443.

2-3 in. long; pedicels „4 in. long, articulated at the middle. Flowers
unknown. Fruit globose, the size of a small pea.

Lower Guinea. French Congo ; woods at Brazzaville, on Stanley Pool, Thollon,
4074!

No specimen at Kew,

20. D. interrupta, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 252.
A much-branched low shrub. Branchlets slender, with long internodes.
Leaves 4-nate, nearly sessile, oblong, acute, firm in texture, 4—6 in.
long, 2-24 in. broad at the middle, cuneate at the base, unspotted ;.
midrib visible only on the underside near the base. Inflorescence a lax
raceme with a moderately long cernuous peduncle; flowers many in a
cluster ; pedicels short; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth }-1 in. long;
segments half as long as the cylindrical tube. Stamens as long as the
perianth-segments. Style finally exserted.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in woods by the River Tombe,
Welwitsch, 3748!

21. D. mayumbensis, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Frang. Lil. 14.
Allied to D. camerooniana. Leaves 2-5 in a rosette at the apex of the
branches, oblong, acuminate, narrowed to the base to a very short petiole,
the outer 6-7 in. long, 2-23 in. broad, the inner much smaller; midrib
distinct in the lower half. Raceme subspicate, simple, terminal, erect ;
bracts short, remote ; flowers 3—10 in a cluster, nearly sessile. Perianth-
tube cylindrical, as long as the linear segments.

Lower Guinea. Southern French Congo; forest of Mayumba, Thollon, 1222!

No specimen at Kew.

22. D. congoensis, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 16. Near
D. surculosa. Leaves crowded at the tip of the branches, elliptical, very
acuminate, 4-8 in. long, 2-34 in. broad, rounded at the base; petiole
2—3 in. long, dilated at the base; midrib distinct in the lower half.
Flowers in a lax peduncled subspicate raceme ; clusters 5-6, consisting
of 15-40 flowers each; bracts ventricose, caudate. Perianth 1 in. or
rather less long; tube cylindrical, much longer than the segments.

Lower Guinea. Southern French Congo; forest of Mayumba, T'hollon !

No specimen at Kew.

23. D. surculosa, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1169. A much-branched
shrub 6-10 ft. high. Branchlets slender, woody, with long internodes.
Leaves 2-4-nate, nearly sessile, oblong, acute, 3-6 in. long, 14-2 in.
broad at the middle, moderately firm in texture, often spotted with
white ; midrib distinct from base to apex. Flowers many in a terminal
umbel or short raceme, with a short slender peduncle ; pedicels 4—4 in.
long, articulated below the middle. Perianth white, ł in. long ; segments
shorter than the slender cylindrical tube. Stamens as long as the
perianth-segments. Style much exserted. Berry bright red, 1—2-seeded,.
4-} in. diam.—Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. vil. 1677 ; Kunth, Enum. v.
14; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5662 (var. maculata) ` Regel, Revis. Draczn..
43; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 537.

444 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Dracena.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Ninia, Scott-Elliot, 4815! and without precise
locality, Afzelius! Don! Ashanti: Assin-Yan-Coomassie, Cummins, 226! Niger
Delta: Angiama, Barter, 2095! Old Calabar River, Mann, 2327!

Introduced into cultivation at Chiswick by G. Don in 1821. The leaf is narrower
in proportion to its length than in D. godseffiana, and in the variegated forms the
spots are fewer and pale green, not white, and the scariose rudimentary leaves of the
lower part of the stem are larger and more persistent.

24. D. godseffiana, Hort. Sander ex Baker in Gard. Chron. 1894,
xvi. 212. Stem slender, erect, terete, green, much-branched. Leaves
2-3-nate, subsessile, oblong, 4—5 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle,
dark green, usually variegated with copious small white spots; midrib
conspicuous from the base to the apex. Raceme lax, oblong, 2-3 in.
long ; bracts minute, lanceolate, flowers in a terminal and several lateral
fascicles; pedicels } in. long. Perianth greenish-white, 2 in. long;
segments linear, as long as the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-
segments. Style exserted. Berry globose, bright red, $—? in. diam.—
Garden, 1896, ii. 276 (with figure); Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7584.

Upper Guinea. Lagos, cultivated specimen, Millen !

Introduced into cultivation about 1892, and distributed by Messrs. Sander of
St. Albans.

25. D. acaulis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 252.
Acaulescent. Leaves concentrated in a radical rosette, ascending, lanceo-
late, 1—3 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to `
the tip and a long channelled petiole ` midrib conspicuous on the under
side except towards the tip. Panicle 4—5 ft. long, with many flexuose
racemose branches; lower branch-bracts lanceolate, 4 ft. long, and
raceme 6-8 in. long; lower pedicels very short, 3-4 in a cluster.
Perianth cylindrical, 14-15 lin. long ; segments rather longer than the
tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments. Style exserted.

e Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, 1000-2400 ft., Welwitsch, 3752!
3753 !

26. D. Poggei, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 478. Trunk slender. Leaves
laxly disposed, with a slender petiole 3—4 in. long and a firm lanceolate-
acuminate blade, 1 ft. long, 1-1} in. broad at the middle, rather rounded
at the base; midrib visible only on the lower side in the lower half.
Inflorescence spicate, about 3 in. long ; lower bracts lanceolate, acuminate,
1}—2 in. long. Perianth cylindrical, 2 in. long ; tube twice as long as
the linear segments. Filaments filiform, as long as the perianth-seg-
ments. Berry 2—3-seeded, 2—3-lobed.

South Central. Congo Free State: by the Lomami River, Pogge, 1434.
Lunda: by the Lulua River, Pogge, 1456!

27. D. humilis, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 166. Acaulescent.
Leaves few, aggregated in a basal rosette; petiole long, slender, erect,
dilated at the base; blade firm, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 9-12 in. long,
2—24} in. broad, with a distinct midrib only in the lower part. Flowers
in a short simple shortly peduncled erect spike, the lower 2-3 in a

Dracena.| CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER), 445

cluster ; bracts minute, ovate, scariose. Perianth } in. long; segments
as long as the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments. Berry
1-3-lobed, if simple not larger than a pea.—Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xiv. 534. D. aubryana, Hua in Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 8,
ex parte,
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: banks of the Bagru River, Mann, 898!
Lower Guinea, Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, in damp woods, Soyaux, 96!

28. D. thalioides, C. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1860, 348, with figure.
Stem short, slender, simple. Leaves crowded, ascending ; petiole long,
slender, dilated and clasping the stem at the base ; blade oblong-lanceo-
late or lanceolate, acuminate, 4—1 ft. long, 1-3 in. broad at the middle,
deltoid at the base; midrib not visible on the under side in the upper
half. Inflorescence long, lax, spicate, simple or slightly branched ;
lower flowers 2-3 in a cluster. Perianth whitish, 1-1} in. long; seg-
ments oblong, very short. Anthers oblong, as long as the filiform
filaments. Style exserted. Berry usually 1-seeded, oblong.—Regel,
Revis. Drac. 47; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 534. D. aubryana,
A. Brong. in Flore des Serres, tt. 1522-3; K. Koch, Wochenschr.
x. 239.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Batanga, Mann, 1038!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: banks of the Gaboon River, Mann, 1036! and with-
out precise locality, Griffon du Bellay, 187.

Introduced into cultivation about 1860 by M. Aubry Le Comte, commissioner of the
French Imperial Marine.

29. D. tholloniana, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 10. An
erect shrub. Leaves 5-6 to a stem; petiole nearly as long as the blade,
channelled, dilated at the base ; blade oblong-lanceolate, 12-16 in. long,
24-34 in. broad, abruptly narrowed at the base; midrib not produced
to the apex. Raceme simple, shortly peduncled ; bracts minute ; pedicels
5-6 in a cluster, very short. Perianth 4 lin. long ; tube short; lobes
linear. Stamen rather shorter than the perianth-lobes ; filaments twice
the length of the anthers. Style scarcely exserted.

Lower Guinea. French Congo; Njole, on the lower Ogowe, Thollon, 31,

No specimen at Kew.

30. D. ugandensis, Baker. Branchlets woody, ł in, diam. ` scars
of fallen leaves } in. apart. Leaves with a distinct channelled petiole
- about 1 in. long, dilated at the base; blade firm, oblong, subobtuse,
3—4 in. long, 18-21 lin. broad, narrowed to the base. Raceme shorter
than the leaves, consisting of 3-4 clusters of flowers, 10-12 in each ;
pedicels + in. long, articulated at the middle. Perianth not seen.
Berry globose, the size of a pea.

Wile Land. Uganda: common in hedges, Scott-Elliot, 7264!

31. D. gabonica, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Til. 17. Stem
slender, woody. Leaves crowded, ascending; petiole channelled, 2—4 in.
long, dilated at the base; blade thin, oblong-cuspidate, unspotted,

446 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Draceena.

4-5 in. long, 24-3 in. broad at the middle, with a deltoid base and
midrib visible beneath only near the base. Raceme simple, lax, shortly
peduncled ; flowers few in a fascicle; pedicels short; bracts minute.
Perianth 3-2 in. long; segments as long as the cylindrical tube.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-segments. Style not
-exserted.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, in damp woods, Soyauz, 98!
and without precise locality, Klaine, 104!

Nearly allied to D. elliptica, Thunb.

32. D. elegans, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franc. Lil. 13. Nearly
allied to D. elliptica. An erect shrub, with slender branches. Leaves
laxly disposed ; petiole short, channelled, clasping the stem all round;
blade elliptical, 5-6 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle, with midrib dis-
tinct from the base to the acuminate apex. Panicle slender, pendulous ;
branch bracts all short ; racemes lax, sometimes forked ; pedicels always
solitary, above 4 in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; tube short, cylindrical ;
lobes linear. Stamens not exserted. Ovary oblong.

Lower Guinea. French Congo; Sanja, on the River Ogowe, Leroy !

No specimen at Kew.

33. D. elliptica, Thunb. d Dalm. Diss. Dracen. 6. A shrub,
with much-branched slender woody stems. Leaves with a very short
channelled petiole and an oblong acute blade 5—6 in. long, 14-2 in.
broad at the middle, cuneate or slightly rounded at the base; midrib
visible to the apex on the under surface. Flowers in small shortly
peduncled panicles ; branches racemose ; pedicels long, slender, articu-
lated at the middle; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth 4 in. long; seg-
ments as long as the tube. Berry 3-lobed, 3-seeded, 4 in. diam.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Toru ; Wimi Valley, Scott-Elliot, 7988!

Lower Guinea. Island of St, Thomas, Quintas, 1!

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; Mount Zomba and Mount
Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1485!

Also in Tropical Asia,

34. D. laxissima, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 478. Leaves laxly disposed,
shortly petiolate, oblong, acute, 6 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle,
narrowed to the base; side veins nearly as conspicuous as the midrib.
Inflorescence panicled, very lax, 1 ft. long; branches slender; pedicels
4-} in. long; bracts minute, ovate, scariose. Buds clavate, about 1 in.
long. Perianth-segments twice as long as the funnel-shaped tube.
Filaments filiform.

South Central. Lunda: Bashilange; near Mukenge, Pogge, 1462.

No specimen at Kew.

35. D. glomerata, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 166. Stem slender,
simple, 8 ft. long. Leaves moderately dense, ascending ; petiole winged,
reaching a length of 4—5 in. in the lower leaves; blade oblong, cuspidate,
of moderately firm texture, 4-8 in. long, 24-3 in. broad at the middle,
deltoid at the base, with a distinct midrib in the lower half. TIn-

Dracena. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 447

florescence a subsessile panicle 1 ft. long, with a flexuose rhachis and
several short spreading simple branches; flowers in dense clusters at
the tip and side of the branches; pedicels very short ; bracts minute.
Perianth 4 in. long; segments 4 the length of the very slender tube.
Anthers shorter than the filiform filaments.—Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xiv. 536.

Lower Guinea, Corisco Bay: Eloby Island, Mann, 1630!

36. D. Buttneri, Engl. Jahrb. xv.479. Leaves moderately dense ;
petiole slender, 6-8 in. long ; blade oblong, acute or acuminate, 4—6 in.
long, cuneate at the base. Inflorescence 8 in. long ; secondary branches
short, distant; flowers clustered; pedicels short; bracts lanceolate,
scariose. Perianth not seen. Berry globose, 1-seeded.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Büttner, 537.

No specimen at Kew.

37. D. densifolia, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 165. Stem
slender, woody. Leaves laxly disposed, ascending; petiole channelled,
4-8 in. long; blade oblong, narrowed to a deltoid cuspidate apex,
4-6 in. long, 2-3 in. broad at the middle, rounded at the base to the
winged apex of the petiole, firm in texture, glossy; midrib visible
beneath only in the upper half. Inflorescence shortly peduncled;
flowers in few dense clusters at the end and side of the rhachis;
pedicels 4-1 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth 1 in. long ; segments
shorter than the very slender cylindrical tube.—J. densiflora, Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 535.

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon River, Mann, 1037 !

38. D. monostachya, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 252.
Acaulescent. Leaves all in a radical rosette, ascending ; petiole slender,
above 1 ft. long; blade lanceolate, 1 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to the apex, rounded at the base; midrib
not visible in the upper half. Inflorescence a dense simple oblong
raceme 2-3 in. long; peduncle 1 ft. long, with many empty bracts ;
pedicels very short, fascicled; bracts minute. Perianth not seen.
Berry 2~3-seeded, deeply lobed.

Lower Guinea. Princes Island, Welwitsch, 3744!

Var, angolensis, Baker, Leaves oblong, 6-8 in. long, 2-25 in. broad, rounded
at the base. Peduncle shorter. Raceme not so dense.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch !

39. D. phrynioides, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5352. Subacaulescent.
Leaves in E e Ae rosette; petiole slender, erect, 4-1 ft. long; blade
ovate or oblong, acuminate, 6-9 in. long, 2~4 in. broad, rounded at eg
base, moderately firm, sometimes spotted with white ; ape eon eg
in the upper half. Inflorescence a shortly peduncled glo e re
1} in. diam., surrounded by many ovate acute bracts as E e eg
flowers. Perianth 3 in. long; segments oblong, $ the length of the

448 CXL. LILIACES (BAKER). [ Dracena.

cylindrical tube. Berry 1-—2-seeded.—Regel, Revis. Dracen. 48;
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 537.
Upper Guinea. Lagos: Yoruba, Millson! Fernando Po, Mann, 417!
Introduced into cultivation in 1860.

40. D. phanerophlebia, Baker. Subacaulescent. Leaves few in
a dense rosette, erect; petiole slender, 8-12 in. long; blade ovate,
acuminate, of firm texture, 6-7 in. long, 4—44 in. broad below the
middle, broadly rounded at the base, with a midrib distinct from the
base to the apex and three distinct main veins springing from it on
each side near the base. Inflorescence a small globose head, surrounded
by large ovate bracts, with a short cernuous peduncle, Perianth not.
seen. Berry 4 in. diam., 3-seeded, 3-lobed.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Sierra del Crystal, Mann, 1625!

41. D. Afzelii, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 167. Stem slender,
much branched. ‘Leaves moderately firm, shortly petiolate, lanceolate,
5-6 in. long, 14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the
base and apex; midrib invisible in the upper part. Inflorescence a
dense subsessile terminal raceme ; pedicels very short, articulated at the
apex ` bracts ovate, or lanceolate, 1-} in. long. Perianth } in. long ;
segments shorter than the cylindrical tube.—Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xiv. 536,

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius !

No specimen at Kew.

42, D. cylindrica, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5846. Stem simple,
slender, reaching a length of 10-12 ft. Leaves crowded, spreading ;
petiole channelled, 2-3 in. long ; blade oblanceolate, of moderately firm
texture, 6-9 in. long, 14-2 in. broad above the middle, deltoid at the
tip, narrowed gradually from the middle to the petiole ; midrib distinct
beneath nearly to the apex. Inflorescence a dense globose sessile
terminal head 2-3 in. long; bracts ovate, subcoriaceous, nearly as long
as the flowers. Perianth 3—1 in. long; segments linear-oblong, half as
long as the slender tube.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 536.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar, Mann, 2328! Thomson, 17!

Received alive at Kew from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in 1870.

43. D. bicolor, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5248. Stem slender,
simple, reaching a length of 12-15 ft, Leaves moderately dense ;
petiole winged, channelled, 2-8 in. long, dilated and clasping at the
base ; blade oblanceolate-oblong, cuspidate, of moderately firm texture,
}-1 ft. long, 2-41 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually from
the middle to the base ; midrib visible beneath only in the lower half.
Inflorescence a dense short peduncled globose head 2 in. diam., sur `
rounded by many ovate bracts 1 in. long. Perianth subsessile,
9-10 lin. long, white tinged with red; segments as long as the
cylindrical tube. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-segments,

Dracena. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 449

Style exserted.—Regel, Revis. Dracen. 45; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soe. xiv. 537.
Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 98! and cultivated specimens!
Introduced into cultivation at Kew about 1860.

44. D. Elliotii, Baker. Stem short, slender, woody. Leaves
crowded, ascending ; petiole winged, channelled, 3-4 in. long, dilated
at the base; blade oblong, acute, of moderately firm texture, 4—5 in.
long, 2-24 in. broad at the middle, cuneate at the base; midrib not
visible beneath in the upper half. Inflorescence a small globose sessile
head. Perianth 3 in. long; segments linear-oblong, half as long as
the slender cylindrical tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-
segments.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: in thick bush at Kukuma, Scott-Elliot, 4689 !

45. D. goldieana, Bull, Cat. 1871, viii. Stem short, simple, woody.
Leaves crowded ; petiole channelled, 1-3 in. long, clasping at the base ;
blade ovate, acuminate, 6—9 in. long, 3-5 in. broad, broadly rounded at

the base, marbled with irregular transverse bands of bright green and
‘silvery grey in about equal proportions ; midrib distinct beneath nearly
to the apex. Flowers in a dense globose sessile head 2 in. diam. ;
‘surrounded by a few reduced leaves; pedicels very short; bracts
scariose, oblong-cuspidate, clasping the lower part of the flowers.
Perianth white, 1 in. long; segments rather shorter than the tube.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-segments. Style finally
-exserted.— Florist, 1873, 187; Bull, Cat. 1877, 9, t. 8; Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xiv. 535; Bot. Mag. t.6630; André in Lind. Ill. Hort. 1878,
t. 300.

Upper Guinea, Introduced about 1870, by the Rev. Hugh Goldie, of the
United Presbyterian Missionary Society, to the Edinburgh Botanic Garden.

a

46. D. ovata, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1186; Stems short, branched.
Leaves rosulate, oblong, 3—4 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle ; petiole
1-2 in. long. Flowers crowded into a short subsessile terminal sub-
Spicate raceme; primary bracts ovate, nearly as long as the flowers ;
pedicels very short, densely fascicled. Perianth 8-9 lin. long ; segments
linear, as long as the tube. Stamens not exserted —Schultes f. in
Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. vii. 345; Kunth, Enum. v. 13; Baker
in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 536. Aletris pumila, J. Donn, Hort. Cant.
edit. ii. 42.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius.

No specimen at Kew.

47. D. Lecomtei, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 15. Nearly
allied to D. ovata, Gawl. A branched shrub 3-5 ft. high. Leaves
oblong, 5-6 in. long, 2-3 in. broad, crowded at the tip of the branches,
acute, narrowed to the base; petiole very short, channelled, amplexi-
caul. Racemes very dense, panicled, 4-5 in. long; bracts large,
ovate, amplexicaul, the lower crowded and flowerless ; flowers white,

VOL. VII. 2G

450 CXL. LILIACE® (BAKER). [Dracena.

5-6 in a cluster, sessile. Perianth nearly 1 in. long; tube cylindrical,
as long as the lobes.

Lower Guinea. Southern French Congo; borders of the lagoon of Mayumba,
Lecomte, E 20! Growing with D. arborea.

No specimen at Kew.

4. KNIPHOFIA, Moench ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 775.

Perianth-tube cylindrical or narrowly funnel-shaped; lobes short,
obtuse. Stamens 6, hypogynous, often exserted; filaments filiform ;
anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary ovoid, 3-celled; ovules many in a
cell ; style long, filiform ; stigma minute, capitate. Capsule globose or
ovoid, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds angled ; testa black ; embryo oblong,
shorter than the albumen.—Rootstock short, vertical, sending out
many cylindrical root-fibres. Leaves all radical, long, dry, linear or
ensiform, usually acutely keeled. Flowers racemose, bright yellow or
red ; pedicels short, articulated at the apex ; bracts persistent, scariose.

Species 30—40, the others in South Africa and Madagascar.

Leaves linear. Raceme dense.
Stamens not exserted.

Perianth 8-3 in. long . 1. K. abyssinica.
Perianth about 1 in. long.
Style not exserted . 2. K. Thomsoni.
Style slightly exserted 3. K. Grantit.
Style much exserted 4. K. longistyla.
Perianth 14—14 in. long 5. K. isoétifolia.
Stamens exserted.
Stamens 1} times the length of the perianth 6. K. Leichtlini.
Stamens twice the length of the perianth 7. K. comosa.
Leaves linear. Racemes lax.
Leaves few 8. K. Schimpert.
Leaves numerous : 9. K. insignis.
Leaves ensiform. Racemes dense.
Stamens not exserted.
Perianth 1 in. long . i ; ; ; . 10. K. zombensis.
Perianth 14—14 in. long : . e . 11. K. Kirkii.
Stamens much exserted.
Leaves under lin. broad ` $ g . 12. K. densiflora.
Leaves 1-1} in. broad . S ` e . 13. K. foliosa.

1. K. abyssinica, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294. Leaves few,
linear, about 1 ft. long, } in. broad low down, smooth on the margin,
not acutely keeled. Peduncle slender, as long as the leaves. Raceme
dense, oblong, 1-2 in. long; pedicels very short, all deflexed ; bracts
lanceolate, the lower } in. long. Perianth cylindrical, red, 2-2 in. long,
yz in. diam., not constricted above the ovary; lobes very small.
Stamens finally just exserted.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 362.
Veltheimia abyssinica, Red. Lil. t. 186.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Shoa ; Ankober, Roth, 62!

This is totally different from the South African K. pumila, with which Kunth
unites it,

Kniphofia.| CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 451

2. K. Thomsoni, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxi. 406. Root-
fibres many, slender. Old leaves breaking up into fine fibres, Produced
leaves few, linear, 1-2 ft. long, }-} in. broad low down, not strongly
keeled, smooth on the edges. Peduncle moderately stout, 14-2 ft.
long. Raceme dense, finally 4-1 ft. long; pedicels short, deflexed ;
bracts ovate-lanceolate, } in. long. Perianth cylindrical, 1 in. long;
lobes small, obtuse. Stamens and style not exserted. Capsule globose,
ZS in. diam.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 163.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; at 8000-11,000 ft.,
Thomson ! Johnston, 19! Meyer, 225, Ehlers, 18, above Mumba, 8500 ft., Volkens,
790! at Morang, and the higher slopes, 5000-10,000 ft., Taylor. Arusha and Kale,
plains and forests, about 3000 ft., Taylor.

3. K. Grantii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 363. Root-fibres
many, cylindrical. Leaves few, linear, acutely keeled, 1-1} ft. long,
ZA in. broad low down, smooth on the edges. Peduncle slender,
as long as the leaves. Raceme dense, 2-3 in. long; pedicels short,
deflexed ; upper flowers red, lower yellow ; bracts lanceolate, the lower
ł in. long. Perianth subcylindrical, under 1 in. long, constricted above
the ovary, 4 in. diam. at the throat; lobes ovate, obtuse. Stamens
about as long as the perianth. Style finally exserted.—Trans. Linn.
moe. xxix. 159, t: 100 B.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Swamps in the Mgunda Mkali, 4400 ft.,
0° S. lat., Speke d Grant, 31!

“The natives collect the flowers for spinach, which is very good, but honey-
tasting.”

4. K. longistyla, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 158. Rootstock
subglobose, with many slender fibres. Leaves numerous, erect, linear,
14-2 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad low down, not acutely keeled, smooth on
the edge. Peduncle as long as the leaves. Raceme dense, finally 4 ft.
long; pedicels very short; bracts oblong, 4 in. long. Perianth cylin-
drical, nearly 1 in. long; segments small, oblong. Stamens not
exserted. Style much exserted. Capsule ovoid, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba, amongst
stones, 6000 ft., Kirk ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1482!

5. K. isoetifolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 30. Root-fibres much
thickened. Leaves few, flaccid, linear, 6-9 in. long, $ in. diam.,
channelled down the face, rounded on the back, smooth on the margin.
Peduncle slender, longer than the leaves. Raceme short, dense ;
pedicels short, curved ; bracts lanceolate, }-} in. long. Perianth cylin-
drical, 15-18 lin. long, much constricted above the ovary; lobes small,
deltoid. Stamens not exserted. Style finally exserted.—A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 324; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Ægypt. 294; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 362; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 162. Rudol-
pho-Roemeria isoétifolia, Steud. ex Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 30.

Mile Land. Abyssinia: Samen; in mountain meadows, near Enjedcap,
Schimper, 752! Nofas Motuha, Steudner, 474; and without precise locality Schimper,
511!

452 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Kniphofia.

6. K. Leichtlini, Baker ex Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6716. Root-
fibres many, slender. Leaves many, linear, strongly keeled, reaching
in cultivation a length of 3-4 ft., } in. broad low down, smooth on the
edges. Peduncle moderately stout, as long as the leaves. Raceme very
dense, oblong, 3-4 in. long; pedicels very short, deflexed ; bracts
lanceolate, acute, 4-1 in. long. Perianth bright yellow, narrowly funnel-
shaped, 3-3 in. long, 4 in. diam. at the throat ; lobes ovate, very obtuse.
Stamens and style distinctly exserted.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: cultivated specimens !

Introduced into cultivation by Schimper between 1872 and 1876; described
from living plants cultivated by Leichtlin in 1881.

Var. distachya, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1884, xxii, 230, is a form with a forked
peduncle and small accessory lateral raceme.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: cultivated specimens!

7. K. comosa, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 31. Rootstock thick and
short, sending out copious cylindrical root-fibres. Leaves numerous,
linear, bright green, acutely keeled, 14-2 ft. long in wild specimens,
4 in. broad low down, twice as long under cultivation, smooth on the
edges. Peduncle moderately stout, as long as the leaves. Raceme
very dense, oblong, 3—4 in. long in flower; pedicels very short, deflexed ;
bracts large, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate. Perianth bright yellow,
funnel-shaped, 4 in. long, dilated suddenly at the middle; lobes very
obtuse. Stamens and style twice as long as the perianth ; filaments
bright red. Capsule globose, } in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874,
4; Bot. Mag. t. 6569. K. foliosa, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 164,
not of Hochst.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder ; Gafat, 8300 ft., Schimper, 1145! Jan
Meda, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1192 ! Somaliland : between Oi and Jaribule, Riva, 642 ! and
between Biddume and Volghe, Riva, 237!

8. K. Schimperi, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 4. Relics of old
leaves split into fine fibres. Produced leaves few, 14 ft. long, $-} in.
broad above the dilated base, channelled down the face, smooth on the
margin. Peduncle slender, 13-2 ft. long. Raceme very lax, 4-1 ft.
long ; pedicels 1-1 in. long, the lower much decurved ` bracts lanceolate,
4-} in. long. Perianth subcylindrical, curved, pale yellow, 1-13 Vie
long; lobes small, deltoid. Stamens and style included.—K. elegans,
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 162. i

Nile Land. Eritrea: near Habab, 6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 378. Abyssinia :
Begemeder ; near Debra Tabor, 8200 ft., on rocks near the banks of streams,
Schimper, 1200 !

A Somaliland plant gathered by Riva (728) in meadows between Surro and Rogono,
is either this or a near ally. It has closer flowers and a stouter peduncle than the
Abyssinian plant. I have not seen the leaves.

9. K. insignis, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896,131. Leaves Bon
thin, linear, 2 ft. long, }—Ẹ in. broad low down; midrib plicate; edge
scabrous. Peduncle rather longer than the leaves. Raceme 10 in.

Kniphofia. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 453:

long, lax in the lower part, dense upwards; pedicels short ; bracts
acuminate, {-} in. long. Perianth 1} in. long, constricted above the
ovary, often curved ; lobes short, ovate. Stamens ł the length of the
perianth. Style exserted.

Nile Land. Gallaland: Arusa Distr.; Sheikh Mahomed, Donaldson Smith.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

10. K. zombensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 158. Leavis:
many, ensiform, subcoriaceous, 1-2 ft. and more long, ? in. bread
low down, smooth on the margin, not strongly keeled. Peduncle long,
stout. Raceme dense, 3-4 in. long; pedicels very short; bracts
linear, white with a distinct brown keel, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth
cylindrical, narrowed towards the base, 1 in. long; lobes small,
ovate. Stamens not exserted. Style finally exserted. Capsule globose,
4 in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; abundant on the slopes.
of Mount Zomba, Buchanan, 161! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! and with-
out precise locality, Buchanan, 664!

11. K. Kirkii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 712. Leaves
numerous, ensiform, acutely keeled, reaching a length of 5-6 ft. and a
breadth of 2-21 in. above the base, nearly smooth on the edges.
Peduncle moderately stout, 4 ft. long. Raceme dense, 4-5 in. long ;
pedicels short, deflexed ; bracts oblong, obtuse, the lower } in. long.
Perianth slender, cylindrical, orange or tinged with red, 14-14 in. long;
lobes small, ovate. Stamens and style as long as the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar (?), cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Described from a living plant sent by Sir John Kirk in 1884 to Kew, where it
flowered in November 1887.

12. K. densiflora, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 163. Caudex
thick, woody, 4-8 in. long below the rosette of leaves. Leaves
numerous, ensiform, 16-20 in. long, nearly 1 in. broad low down,
serrulate on the margin. Peduncle stout, 2-3 ft. long. Raceme dense,
8-12 in. long; pedicels short, deflexed ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 4—4 in.
long. Perianth funnel-shaped, ł in. long, slightly constricted above
the ovary, ł—Ł} in. diam. at the throat. Stamens and style much
exserted. Capsule subglobose, smooth, ł—4 in. diam.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Urahut; Mount Erareta, Schimper, 701!

13. K. foliosa, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 31. Rootstock short, with
many cylindrical fibres. Leaves numercus, ensiform, 14-2 ft. long,
1-1} in. broad above the dilated base, acutely keeled, scabrous on the
margin. Peduncle stout, erect, as long as the leaves. Raceme very
dense, 4—1 ft. long; pedicels very short, deflexed ; bracts ovate, acute,
the lower 4 in. long. Perianth subcylindrical, bright yellow or tinged
with red, ? in. long; lobes small, ovate. Stamens and style much
exserted.— Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 4; Bot. Mag. t. 6742. K.

454 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). [ Kniphofia.

quartiniana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 323; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soe, xi. 362 ; Gard. Chron. 1876, v. 42; Regel, Garten. xxvi. 89, 196,
t. 907, excl. syn.; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 164.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Wodjerat, Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 179! Tigre;
Mount Kubbi, near Adowa, Schimper, 1003 !

A. NOTOSCEPTRUM, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 775.

Perianth campanulate; tube short; segments 6, oblong, obtuse.
Stamens 6, hypogynous ; filaments filiform; anthers oblong, dorsifixed.
Ovary globose, 3-celled ; ovules 4—6 in a cell, superposed ; style filiform ;
stigma small, capitate. Capsule globose, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds
angled ; testa black; albumen fleshy; embryo nearly as long as the
albumen.—Perennial herbs, with the habit, leaves and inflorescence
of Kniphofia, from which they differ by their short campanulate
perianth.

Species 3—4, the others in Natal and Transvaal.

Bud globose

1. N. benguellense.
Bud oblong

2. N. andongense.

1. N. benguellense, Benth. in Benth. d Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 775,
Rootstock woody, vertical, with many cylindrical fibres. Leaves
numerous, linear, acutely keeled, 3—4 ft. long, } in. broad low down,
tapering gradually to a long point, smooth on the edge. Scape shorter
than the leaves. Raceme dense, subspicate, cylindrical, 1 ft. long,
under 1 in. diam. ; pedicels very short or obsolete ; bracts small, ovate,
membranous. Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; lobes rather longer
than the tube. Stamens and style shortly exserted. Capsule globose,
rugose, + in. diam.— Kniphofia benguellensis, Baker in Trans, Linn.
Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 246.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in damp places, growing in masses,
Welwitsch, 3736 !

2. N. andongense, Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 779
(by error N. angolense). Rootstock stout, with cylindrical fibres reaching
1-1} ft. long. Leaves linear, reaching a length of 8-9 ft., 4-3 in. broad
low down, tapering gradually to a long point. Peduncle long and
stout. Raceme very dense, subspicate, cylindrical, 1 ft. long; pedicels
very short ; bracts minute, ovate-oblong, membranous. Perianth oblong,
reddish, } in. long; lobes as long as the tube.—Engl. Jahrb. xv. 471.
Kniphofia andongensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 246.

war Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in grassy thickets, Welwitsch,
3!

6. ALOE, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 776.

Perianth cylindrical, straight or slightly curved ; segments subequal,
as long as or much longer than the tube, connivent except at the tip.
Stamens 6, hypogynous, rarely longer than the perianth; filaments

Aloe. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER), 455

filiform; anthers oblong, versatile, dehiscing down the face. Ovary
ovoid, 3-celled; ovules many in a cell; style subulate; stigma small,
capitate. Capsule oblong-trigonous, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds
triquetrous or flattened, sometimes winged; testa black; albumen
fleshy ; embryo straight.—Caudex produced or obsolete. Leaves fleshy,
very various in shape, margined with spines. Peduncle simple or
forked. Flowers many, racemose, usually bright red or yellow, tipped
with green; pedicels articulated at the apex; bracts scariose,
persistent.

Species 100, the others mostly Cape, a few reaching Madagascar, Socotra, India,
China, and the Mediterranean region.

Acaulescent. Leaves long, thin, linear, erect.
Perianth 3—4 in. long.

Leaves % in. broad 1. A. Johnstoni,
Leaves 3 in. broad 2. A, Buchanani,
Perianth O in. long e , 3. A. Nuttii.
Caulescent. Taam lanceolate, aade: 1 ft. long, densely
rosulate,
Perianth-tube short,
Flowers secund . : e e 4. A. secundiflora,
Flowers not secund.

Perianth 7-8 lin. long : 5. A. andongensis.

Perianth 3-7 in, long S S e 6. A. Stuhlmanni,

Perianth 1 in. long.

Inflorescence paniculate.
Bracts small . S i ; 7. A. rabaiensis.
Bracts large e e 8. A. otallensis.
Inflorescence racemose... S ; . 9. A. vituensis.
Perianth 13 in. long.
Pedicels short S e . : : 10: A montana.
Pedicels long S S S : . 11. A, Steudneri.
Perianth-tube as long as the segments. :
Bracts small : ` S ; - 12. A. KUKU,
Bracts large ` ) ` . 13. A. Schinzit,
Perianth-tube longer than the segments.
Pedicels short . S S è e : . 14. A. macrosiphon,
Pedicels long.

Marginal teeth of leaf small. :
Leaves 2 in, broad og ap o s D A. Mienyparihi.
Leaves 4 in, broad ; ‘ e ` . 16. A. rubrolutea,

Marginal teeth of leaf large . . 17. A. venenosa.

Caulescent. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, under 1 ft. "Jong,

densely rosulate.
Pedicels long . í . 18. A. borziana.

Pedicels short A . 19. A. ruspoliana,
Caulescent. Leaves oblong | or oblong-lanceolate, densely
rosulate, much spotted,
Leaves thick.
Racemes short, very dense. E
Leaves 2 in. broad . ‘ 4 S S Ge LES lateritia,
Leaves 6-7 in. broad A : : ‘ . 21. A. Schimperi.
Racemes oblong or cylindrical.
Perianth 3-1 in. long.

456 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Alce..

Pedicels short . - : : . . 22. A. concinna.
Pedicels }-} in. long . : S e . 23. A. zebrina, `
Pedicels 1 in. or more long . . . 24. A. hereroensis.

Perianth 1-14 in, long.
Bracts small.
Pedicels short . S 7 S A . 25. A. agavefolia,
Pedicels Z 2 in. long.

Marginal teeth small . S x . 26. A. macrocarpa.
Marginal teeth large . : - . 27. A. commutata,
Pedicels 1-14 in. long ` : : . 28. A. obscura.

Bracts large : é : : . 29. A. platyphylla.
Leaves thm . S š g ‘ £ 5 . A. tenuifolia.
Leaves lanceolate, laxly disposed on a long slender stem, S
Pedicels + in, long . i z S S S . 81. A. Hildebrandtii.
Pedicels 4 in. long.
Raceme short, simple . $ S S S . 32. A. penduliflora.

w
©

Racemes oblong, panicled. 3 d S . 33. A. confusa.
Caulescent. Leaves long, ensiform, densely rosulate, not
spotted. . :

Perianth-segments shorter than the tube. :
Marginal teeth close . 3 ` S A . 34. A. Barteri.

Marginal teeth distant S x S S . 35. A. constricta.
Perianth-segments about as long as the tube.
Leaves about 2 in, broad. ; : . 36. A. brachystachys.

Leaves about 3 in. broad, : ` S ot. A, Rive.

‘Leaves about 4 in, broad. c : . 38. A. vera,

Leaves 6-7 in. broad . : S : S . 39. A. pererassa.

Perianth-segments longer than the tube.

Perianth under 1 in. long.
Racemes short, globose : . 40. A. Volkensit.
Racemes oblong $ S : : SCT angolensis.
Racemes cylindrical ? ‘ S S . 42. A. palmiformis.

Perianth about 1 in. long.
Pedicels very short . :
Pedicels 4—4 in. long.

S S Š . 43. A. Schelleri

Bractssmall -o o o « 44. A. Schweinfurthit
Bracts large.
Bracts ovate-lanceolate ` i ` . 45. A. littoralis.

Bracts ovate . i K ` ; . 46. A. cryptopoda.
Pedicels 3—1 in. long.
Leaves 3—4 in, broad. S 7 2 . 47. A. abyssinica,
Leaves 5-6 in, broad . >. i : . 48. A. Camperii.
Perianth 14 in. long . - S ; : . 49. A. crassipes.
Caudex arborescent, much branched ` x . `. 50. A. dichotoma.

1. A. Johnstoni, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 351,
t. 63. Acaulescent. Rootstock globose. Leaves 8-12, linear from ab
ovate base, erect, 1-14 ft. long, 4 in. broad, thin for the genus, channelled
down the face, with a few minute spines on the margin and midrib
beneath. Peduncle simple, stiffly erect, 15-18 in. long, with many
ovate scariose empty bracts. Raceme dense, capitate, few-flowered ;
pedicels ascending, lower 3-1 in. long; bracts small, ovate-lanceolate-
Perianth pale pink, curved, 3 in. long; tube very short. Stamens aS
long as the perianth. Capsule oblong, as long as the perianth.

Aioe CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 457

Nile Land. British East Africa: Taveta, 2000 ft., Johnston !
Nearly allied to the South African 4, Cooperi, Baker (Bot. Mag. t. 6377).

2. A. Buchanani, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 119. Acaulescent.
Leaves 8-10, distichous, erect, linear, 14 ft. long, E in. broad low down,
thin for the genus, deeply channelled down the face, with a few white
spots in the lower part; marginal prickles very minute. Peduncle
simple, 14-2 ft. long, with many ovate empty bracts. Raceme dense,
3-4 in. long; pedicels ascending, the lower 1 in. long; bracts green,
ovate-cuspidate, 4 mm. Jong. Perianth pale-red with a green tip, ZC in.
long; tube very short. Stamens as long as the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, culti-
vated specimen, Buchanan !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, December 1894.

3. A. Nuttii, Baker in Hook. Ic. t. 2518. Acaulescent. Leaves.
erect, linear, not fleshy, unspotted, channelled down the face, 14 ft. long,
ł in. broad low down; marginal teeth obsolete. Peduncle simple, 14 ft.
long. Raceme moderately dense, cylindrical, 6-9 in. long; pedicels
ascending, cernuous at the tip, the lower 1 in. long; bracts ovate, $—}
in. long. Perianth pale-red, 14-15 lin. long; tube half as long as the
segments. Stamens included.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5200 ft., Carson,
29! Nutt! North Nyasaland: between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte !

4, A. secundiflora, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 140. Caudex very
short. Leaves very thick, lanceolate-deltoid, 1 ft. long, 3 in. broad low
down ; marginal teeth distant, small, deltoid, with a horny-brown tip.
Inflorescence much-branched ; branches ascending ; racemes lax, secund,
4 ft. long; bracts minute, deltoid-cuspidate, pedicels spreading, 4—4 in.
long. Perianth 1 in. long; tube short; segments linear, red with yellow
edge. Stamens included. Style exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, at the foot of Nushoru
Hill, 2000-2500 ft., Volkens, 530!

No specimen at Kew.

5. A. andongensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 263.
Caudex 1-2 ft. long, with 2-3 ascending branches. Leaves densely
rosulate, lanceolate, glaucous, unspotted, 8-9 in. long, 14-1} in. brcad
low down; teeth small, horny, deltoid-cuspidate. Panicle deltoid ;
racemes dense, capitate, 2-3 in. long ; pedicels 2-3 in. long, the central
spreading, the lower deflexed ; bracts lanceolate, as long as the pedicels.
Perianth yellowish-red, 7-8 lin. long; tube short, campanulate.
Stamens as long as the perianth.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii.
173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo ; frequent in rocky places, Wel-
witsch, 3729!

6. A. Stuhlmanni, Baker. Leaves lanceolate, 1 ft. or more long,
2 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to the point, moderately thick ;

LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Aloe.

marginal te toid, cus date, horny, } in. long, not very close.
Panicl bos branches many, ascending, all simple;
arm ense, 2-4 in. long; bracts very small, ovate; pedicels very
short, ascending, articulated at the apex. Perianth under 1 in. long;
tube short, campanulate; segments long, linear. Stamens included.
Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Stuhlmann, 21!

No specimen at Kew.

7. A. rabaiensis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 410. Leaves
rosulate, lanceolate, fleshy, glaucous green tinged with red, 1 ft. long,
14-2 in. broad, tapering gradually to the point; teeth distant, deltoid,
4 in. long, with a brown horny tip. Peduncle branched ; branches 4 ft.
long ; flowers in globose clusters at the end of the branches; pedicels
ascending, 1 in. long; bracts ovate, minute. Perianth cylindrical,
1 in. long; segments linear, three times the length of the tube.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth. Style exserted.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Rabai Hills, at Mgandini, Taylor !

No specimen at Kew.

8. A. otallensis, Baker. Leaves lanceolate, 1 ft. long, 14-2 in.
broad low down, tapering gradually to the point, thick, rigid; marginal
teeth small, rather close, horny, deltoid. Inflorescence panicled ;
branches ascending; racemes dense, oblong, 14-3 in. long; bracts
oblong, obtuse, scariose, }-} in. long ; pedicels ascending, rather shorter
than the bracts. Perianth 1 in. long; segments linear, much longer
than the tube. Stamens included. Style exserted.

7 Nile Land. Somaliland : Ahele Bekaka, between Coromme and Otallo, Riva,
IZEL!

No specimen at Kew.

9. A. vituensis, Baker. Leaves lanceolate, 1 ft. long, 15-18 lin.
broad low down, tapering gradually to the acuminate point, moderately
thick; marginal teeth small, deltoid, horny, patent, not very close.
Peduncle simple, terete. Raceme lax, cylindrical, 4 ft. long; bracts
small, ovate; pedicels very short. Perianth 1 in. long; tube short,
campanulate; lobes long, linear. Stamens and style included.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Witu, on sandy steppes, Thomas, 113!

No specimen at Kew.

10. A. montana, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 39.
Leaves lanceolate; marginal teeth minute, deltoid, green. Raceme
dense; pedicels 4-4 in. long, cernuous at the apex; bracts with a long
cusp. Perianth yellow, 1} in. long; segments three times the length
of the tube or as long. Stamens as long as the perianth or just
exserted.

SC pre Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Gans Berg, Fleck,

No specimen at Kew,

11. A. Steudneri, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ï. 73.
Leaves probably lanceolate. Peduncle stout, branched, 2} ft. long;

Aloe. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 459

branches angled, bracteate from the base; racemes long, cylindrical,
moderately dense; pedicels about 1 in. long, thickened and recurved at
the apex ` bracts ovate, 4—3 in. long. Perianth 14 in. long; tube very
short. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth. Capsule oblong-
cylindrical, above 1 in. long.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Peak of Sabr, 8000 ft., Penzig, 1424. Abyssinia:
‘Samen, 10,000-11,000 ft., Steudner,

No specimen at Kew.

12. A. Kirkii, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 7386. Caudex very short,
‘stout, simple. Leaves thick, densely rosulate, lanceolate, nearly 1 ft.
long, 2 in. broad low down, plain green, very smooth; marginal teeth
large, deltoid, spreading. Peduncle compressed, deeply forked, 2 ft.
long. Raceme dense, cylindrical, the end one nearly 1 ft. long ; pedicels
4-4 in. long, lower cernuous; bracts small, ovate. Perianth pale-red,
tipped with yellow, above 1 in. long; segments as long as the tube.
Stamens just exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk !
Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, January 1894.

13. A. Schinzii, Baker. Leaves lanceolate, very thick and rigid,
nearly 1 ft. long, 24 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to the point
teeth large, brown, horny, deltoid-cuspidate. Peduncle stout, com-
pressed, forked, above 1 ft. long. Racemes dense, oblong, 4—5 in. long ;
pedicels in the flowering stage shorter than the oblong scariose bracts,
which are 4 in. long. Perianth 1 in. long; segments as long as the
oblong tube. Stamens not exserted. Capsule oblong-trigonous, $ in.
long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Kalahari, at Oliphant’s Kloof, Schinz,
42 partly !

14. A. macrosiphon, Baker. Leaves ensiform, under 1 ft. long,
1 in. broad low down, tapering gradually upwards; prickles deltoid,
spreading, moderately close, moderately large, horn-tipped. Raceme
long, lax, cylindrical; bracts oblong, scariose, } in. long, pale with
3 brown ribs; pedicels half as long as the bract. Perianth 1} in. long ;
tube very long and slender, dilating at the base as the ovary grows ;
‘segments linear, spreading, } in. long. Stamens distinctly shorter than
the perianth. Style reaching the tip of the perianth-lobes.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: between Urundi and Karagwe, 4000-
5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8176 !

15. A. Menyharthi, Baker. Leaves short, acuminate, 2 in. broad ;
marginal teeth crowded, spreading, deltoid, $ in. long. Panicle ample;
branches curved, ascending, the lower 1 ft. long; racemes very dense
and short; pedicels spreading, }-? in. long, articulated at the apex;
ibracts linear, shorter than the pedicels, white, with a green keel.
Perianth pale-red, above 1 in. long; tube slender, cylindrical ; segments

460 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Aloe.

linear, connivent, half as long as the tube. Stamens included. Capsule
oblong, ? in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Zambesi Valley, at Nhaondue, Menyharth, 1248!

16. A. rubrolutea, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 39..
Stem thick, 3-5 ft. long. Leaf-rosette 20 in. diam. ; leaves lanceolate,
4 in. broad low down; teeth short, remote, horny, tipped with brown.
Racemes dense, copiously panicled; pedicels finally 4 in. long ; E
large, broadly lanceolate. Perianth red-yellow ; segments not over 5 In.
long. Stamens included.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Kuisib River,
Fleck, 472. Great Namaqualand; Rehoboth, Fleck, 497.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Kalahari, at Oliphant’s Kloof, Fleck,.
263.

No specimen at Kew.

17. A. venenosa, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 471. Stem unknown. Leaves
thick, lanceolate, above 1 ft. long, 3 in. broad low down; marginal
teeth deltoid, } in. long and broad, absent from the upper quarter of the
leaf. Inflorescence copiously panicled, 1-14 ft. long; peduncle stout ;
branches long, dense, racemose ; bracts lanceolate, scariose, above A in.
long, about equalling the pedicels. Perianth pale red; tube cylindrical,
slightly curved, above } in. long; segments shorter than the tube.
Stamens as long as the perianth.

South Central. Lunda: between Kimbundu and Nyangwe, Pogge, 1460.

No specimen at Kew.

18. A. borziana, Terrac. in Boll. Ort. Palerm. i. (1897) 67. Sub-
caulescent. Leaves densely rosulate, oblong-lanceolate, 8—10 in. long,
3 in. broad, glaucous green, very rigid and thick, usually flat on the face,
irregularly spotted with white, distinctly margined with white ; teeth.
distant, deltoid, horny. Peduncle 14—2 ft. long. Inflorescence very
compound ; flowers in dense racemes at the end of the branches ; pedicels
about 1 in. long; bracts half as long as the pedicels. Perianth 1} in.
long; tube cylindrical, constricted above the ovary ; segments yellow
or tinged with red. Stamens included. Capsule 1-14 in. long.

Wile Land. Abyssinia. :

Described from plants grown in the Botanic Gardens at Palermo, of which the
seeds were sent by Schimper and Braun.

No specimen at Kew.

19. A. ruspoliana, Baker. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 9-10 SS
long, nearly 3 in. broad low down, thin for the genus ; marginal teet ‘
very minute, distant, or altogether obsolete. Panicle 1 ft. Jong:
branches long, ascending, the lower compound; flowers concentrated at
the tip of the branches; bracts small, ovate; pedicels 4 in. long-
Perianth cylindrical, 1 in. long; segments shorter than the slender
tube. Stamens and style included.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Ogaden ; at Milmil and Imi, Riva, 918!
No specimen at Kew.

Aloe.| CXL, LILIACEE (BAKER). 461

20. A. lateritia, Zngl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. ©. 140. Caudex very short.
Leaves very thick, lanceolate, 9-10 in. long, 2 in. broad low down,
mottled with white linear spots; teeth rather large, deltoid, with a
horny tip. Inflorescence panicled ; flowers aggregated at the end of the
‘branches ` bracts small, lanceolate, acuminate ; lower pedicels 1 in. long.
Perianth slightly curved, 14 in. long; segments brick-red, as long as the
‘tube, with a narrow orange margin. Stamens included. Capsule oblong,
1 in. long, transversely rugose. Seeds ovoid, with a wing } in. broad.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; at Rombo, 4000-5000 ft.,
Volkens, 404 !

No specimen at Kew.

21. A. Schimperi, Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm.i.70,t.16. Caudex
short, simple. Leaves densely rosulate, ovate-lanceolate, 1-14 ft. long,
‘6-7 in. broad low down, glaucous green, distinctly lineate, obscurely
spotted, concave above the middle, furnished with a thin reddish horny
border; teeth crowded, irregular, minute, deltoid. Peduncle stout,
2-3 ft. long, much branched. Raceme short, crowded ; pedicels 1-14 in.
long ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 4 in. long. Perianth bright red, 18-21 lin.
long, constricted above the ovary; segments rather shorter than the
tube. Stamens slightly exserted. Capsule oblong-cylindrical, nearly
l in. long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 159; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 70, 110. A. lineata, var. latifolia, A. Br. in
Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1869, 7.

Nile Land. Eritrea: near Halai, 8400 ft., Schweinfurth, 152! Kohaito Plateau,
8400-8700 ft., Schweinfurth, 153! Saganeiti, in the Goua Gorge, near Addingfou,
Schweinfurth & Riva, 722! 1330!

Introduced into cultivation in 1869.

22. A. concinna, Baker. Caudex short, simple. Leaves laxly
rosulate, lanceolate, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. broad low down, tapering
gradually to the channelled recurved tip, green on both surfaces with
copious white blotches, not lineate; marginal teeth large, close, deltoid.
Peduncle simple, compressed, rather longer than the leaves. Raceme
oblong, moderately dense, 2 in. long; pedicels short, ascending ; bracts
lanceolate, as long as the pedicels. Perianth bright red, 1 in. long ;
tube very short. Stamens as long as the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, April 1895.

23. A. zebrina, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 264.
‘Caudex simple, } ft. long. Leaves densely rosulate, spreading, lanceolate,
3-1 ft. long, 1—2 in. broad low down, glaucous, copiously spotted with
white on both sides; marginal teeth deltoid, }-{ in. long. Peduncle
3-4 ft. long including the inflorescence, panicled ; racemes lax, cylin-
‘drical, 3-1 ft. long; pedicels }-} in. long; bracts small, lanceolate.
Perianth brick-red, 3-1 in. long; tube short. Stamens as long as the
perianth ; style exserted. Capsule oblong-trigonous, 1 in. long.—Baker
in Journ. Linn. Soe, xviii. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Barra do Bengo, Loanda, and Lebongo, Welwitsch,
3720! 8721! 3722! 3724! 3725!

462 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Aloe..

24. A. hereroensis, Engl. Jahrb. x. 2. Caudex short. Leaves.
densely rosulate, lanceolate-deltoid, 10 in. long, 2 in. broad at the base,
narrowed gradually to the apex ; marginal teeth not crowded, spreading,
deltoid, 4 in. long. Peduncle forked, with inflorescence 3 ft. long;
branches densely flowered at the apex; pedicels 1 in. or more long;
bracts ovate-lanceolate, }-} in. long. Perianth cylindrical, 1 in. long,
not constricted above the ovary ; segments as long as the tube. Stamens
just exserted.—Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. ili. 39.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland: near Usakos, 2700 ft., Marloth, 1438, Schinz,
346, Fleck.

No specimen at Kew.

25. A. agavefolia, Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. i. 85, t. 23.
Caudex short, simple. Leaves densely rosulate, lanceolate, 14 ft. long,
4-41 in. broad low down, thin for the genus, channelled the whole
length down the face, green, obscurely lineate, furnished with scattered
small oblong white spots; margin slender, reddish-white, with moder-
ately large deltoid teeth. Peduncle 3 ft. long, with about 5 branches.
Racemes oblong, moderately dense, 3—4 in. long ; pedicels 4—4 in. long ;
bracts lanceolate, as long as the pedicels. Perianth red, 1} in. long,
slightly constricted above the ovary; segments as long as the tube.
Stamens slightly exserted.— Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 166.

Wile Land. Eritrea: in the neighbourhood of Acrur, 6300 ft., Schweinfurth d
Riva, 1342!

Cultivated in the Palermo Botanic Garden since 1879.

26. A. macrocarpa, Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. i. 36, t. 9.
Caudex very short, simple. Leaves densely rosulate, ovate-lanceolate,
about 1 ft. long, 3-4 in. broad low down, light green, not lineate,
decorated with copious large oblong whitish irregularly seriate blotches ;
marginal teeth small, crowded, deltoid, tipped with red-brown. Peduncle
forked, 2 ft. long. Racemes lax, cylindrical, the end one 4 ft. long;
lower pedicels 4 in. long; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth bright
red, 1} in. long, much constricted above the ovary; segments shorter
than the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth. Capsule oblong-
cylindrical, nearly 2 in. long —Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 163 ;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 69, 110.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Mount Alam Kale, Schweinfurth § Riva, 1488! 1757!
Ambelaco, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth, 157! Geleb, Amba, 7000 ft., Schweinfurth g
Riva, 1377! 1436!

Introduced into cultivation by Schimper in 1870.

27. A. commutata, Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. i. 75, t. 18.
Acaulescent. Leaves densely rosulate, oblong-lanceolate, 10-12 1n.
long, 2-3 in. broad low down, green, obscurely lineate, copiously spotted
with white; marginal teeth large, deltoid-cuspidate, tipped with brown.
Peduncle branched, 2-3 ft. long. Racemes 3-6 in. long, cylindrical,
lax in the lower part; pedicels 4-} in. long; bracts small, lanceolate.
Perianth bright red, 1-14 in. long, constricted above the ovary +

Aloe. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 463

segments shorter than the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth.—
cial in Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 165; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.

Nile Land. Mountains of Abyssinia, alt. 6000 ft., Schimper, 798.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

Introduced into cultivation in Europe in 1878.

The native country of the allied 4. Pavii, Terrac, in Boll. Ort. Palerm. i, (1897)
68, is unknown.

28. A. obscura, Miller, Gard. Dict. edit. viii. No. 6. Stem 4-1 ft.
long below the rosette of leaves. Leaves 15-30 in a dense rosette,
lanceolate, 1 ft. long, 2-3 in. broad, lineate and copiously spotted ;
marginal teeth deltoid-cuspidate, -4—4 in. long. Peduncle simple or
forked, 14-2 ft. long. Raceme dense, cylindrical, 4—1 ft. long; lower
pedicels 1-1} in. long; bracts deltoid-cuspidate, much shorter than the
pedicels. Perianth bright red, 14-1} in. long ; segments shorter than
the tube. Stamens slightly exserted.—Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv.
App. iii. 39; Baker in Fl. Cap. vi. 314.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; Oshando, Schinz,
345.

Also in South Africa.

No specimen from Tropical Africa at Kew.

29. A. platyphylla, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 264.
Caudex simple, 4—1 ft. long. Leaves densely rosulate, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, glaucous green, densely lineate and spotted with white,
A1 ft. long, 24-3 in. broad low down; marginal teeth crowded, horny,
deltoid, 4 in. long. Peduncle 3-4 ft. long including the panicled in-
florescence ; racemes lax, cylindrical, 4—1 ft. long; pedicels 4 in. long ;
bracts lanceolate. Perianth red, 1} in. long; tube short. Stamens
not exserted.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 167,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; frequent in dry thickets, Welwitsch !

No specimen at Kew.

30. A. tenuifolia, Zam. Encyc. i. 87% Caudex short, simple.
Leaves densely rosulate, lanceolate, 12-15 in. long, 2—24 in. broad
below the middle, narrowed gradually to the apex, pale green, not
lineate, 1-1 in. thick in the middle, flat below the tip, tinged with red-
brown, variegated with copious small confluent oblong whitish blotches ;
marginal teeth crowded, unequal, small, deltoid. Flowers unknown.—
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 163.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Zanguebar, Kirk !

Described from a living plant sent to Kew in 1877.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

31. A. Hildebrandtii, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6981. Leaves laxly
disposed on a simple erect stem 14-2 ft. long, lanceolate, amplexicaul,
under 1 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad low down, glaucous green, with a few
white spots; marginal teeth small, deltoid-cuspidate. Peduncle 14 ft.
long including the panicle produced from the axis of one of the upper

464 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Aloe.

leaves. Racemes many, rather lax, 3—6 in. long; pedicels spreading or
cernuous, } in. long ; bracts lanceolate, minute. Perianth under 1 in.
long, bright red ; segments scarcely longer than the tube; inner reddish-
yellow, with a green keel. Stamens and style slightly exserted.

East Tropical Africa. Without locality, cultivated specimen, Hildebrandt !

Described from a plant collected by Dr. Hildebrandt in East Tropical Africa,
which flowered at Kew in July 1887, and was received from the Berlin Botanic
Garden in 1882.

32. A. penduliflora, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1888, iv. 178. Stem
simple, erect, $} in. diam. Leaves laxly disposed, spreading, ensiform,
about 1 ft. long, 1-1} in. diam. low down, plain green, nearly flat on
the face; marginal teeth small, distant, deltoid-cuspidate. Peduncle
simple, cernuous, 4 ft. long, produced from the axis of one of the upper
leaves. Raceme short, dense; pedicels 4 in. long ; bracts small, lanceo-
late. Perianth pale yellow tipped with green, about 1 in. long;
segments less than half as long as the tube. Stamens as long as the
perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, August 1888,

33. A. confusa, Zngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 141. Stems branched,
decumbent; branches intertangled with the main stem. Leaves laxly
disposed, lanceolate with a clasping base, 7—8 in. long, under 1 in.
broad ; teeth small, distant, deltoid, spreading. Inflorescence panicled ;
branches arcuate-ascending ; racemes 3—4 in. long ; bracts small, lanceo-
late, scariose; pedicels ascending, } in. long. Perianth red-yellow,
above 1 in. long. Capsule oblong, not rugose, } in. long. Seeds
slightly compressed, narrowly winged.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, at Lake Chala, 3000 ft.,
Tolkens, 410 ! 1780!

No specimen at Kew.

34. A. Barteri, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 168, Whole
plant 3 ft. high. Leaves ensiform, 14-2 ft. long, 24-3 in. broad low
-down, pale green with white spots ; marginal teeth close, large, deltoid.
Panicle 1} ft. long; racemes moderately dense, 4—1 ft. long ; pedicels
ascending, the lower 4—3 in. long; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth
1} in. long, red with a green tip; segments half as long as the slender
tube. Stamens as long as the perianth.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1502! Lagos, much planted
for medical use, Millen, 172!

Introduced into cultivation at Kew in 1892.

35. A. constricta, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 168. Leaves
ensiform, 14 ft. long, 2 in. broad low down ; marginal teeth moderately
large, rather distant, deltoid-cuspidate. Racemes moderately dense,
secund, cylindrical, finally 1 ft. long ; lower pedicels } in. long; bracts
lanceolate, minute. Perianth bright red, 14 in. long, distinctly con-

Aloe. | CXL, LILIACEA (BAKER). 465

stricted above the ovary ; tube longer than the segments. Stamens as
long as the perianth. Capsule oblong-trigonous, 14-14 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: at Sena and Lupata, on the River
Zambesi, Kirk !

36. A. brachystachys, Baker in Bot. Mag.t. 7399. Caudex long,
slender, simple. Leaves densely rosulate, ensiform, 18-21 in. long, 2 in.
broad at the base, bright green, very smooth, unspotted; marginal
teeth middle-sized, deltoid, spreading. Peduncle simple, flexuose, as
long as the leaves. Raceme oblong-cylindrical, dense, 4 ft. long ; pedicels
ascending, the lower 1 in. long; bracts orbicular, } in. long, pale green,
with 5-7 distinct brown stripes. Perianth pale red, tipped with green,
1} in. long ; segments as long as the tube. Stamens shortly exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimens, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, January 1894.

37. A. Rivze, Baker. Leaves long, ensiform, 3 in. broad low down,
thick, rigid ; marginal teeth deltoid, horny, }in. long, moderately close.
Peduncle long, terete. Inflorescence panicled ; branches 4, erecto-patent;
racemes lax, cylindrical, 4-5 in. long; bracts very small, ovate, cuspi-
date ; pedicels ascending, }-} in. long. Perianth 1 in. long ; segments
linear, as long as the cylindrical tube. Stamens included.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Gobbo Duaya, Riva, 1509!

No specimen at Kew.

38. A. vera, Linn., var. wethiopica, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb.
Boiss. ii. App. ii. 61. Caudex short, usually simple. Leaves densely
rosulate, ensiform, unspotted when mature, above 1 ft. long, 24 in. broad
low down; marginal teeth distant, deltoid. Peduncle forked, 2-3 ft.
long ; racemes dense, about 4 in. long; rhachis glabrous ; pedicels erecto-
patent, lower 4—3 in. long ; bracts small, ovate. Perianth 1 in. long ;
tube oblong, constricted above the ovary. Stamens not exserted. Capsule
oblong, glabrous, shortly stipitate.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; near Abba Gerima, 8000 ft., Schimper, 927!

Var. puberula, Schweinf. loc. cit. Leaves 20 in. long, 4 in. broad, green or tinged
with red; marginal teeth 4-3 in, long. Rhachis of raceme pruinose and rather
rough; pedicels nearly 1 in, long; bracts half as long as the pedicels. Perianth
yellow, above 1 in. long, with scattered hairs outside; tube rather longer than the
Segments, Stamen slightly exserted, Capsule oblong-cylindrica], pulverulent with
scattered hairs,

Wile Land. Eritrea: Barasio Valley, 5000 ft., Schweinfurth, 2076.

No specimen at Kew.

39. A. percrassa, 7odaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. i. 81, t. 21. Sub-
acaulescent. Leaves densely rosulate, lanceolate-ensiform, sometimes
spotted, deep green, reaching a length of 2} ft. and a breadth of 6-7 in.
low down, narrowed gradually to the point; marginal teeth small,
deltoid, brown and horny at the tip. Peduncle branched, 3 ft. long,
including the inflorescence; racemes cylindrical, above 1 ft. long ;
rhachis pubescent ; pedicels }-} in. long; bracts ovate, much longer

VOL, VII. 2H

466 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). { Aloe.

than the pedicels. Perianth above 1 in. long, red; tube as long as the
segments. Stamens as long as the perianth. Capsule oblong-cylin-
drical, pubescent, under 1 in. long.—Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii.
App. ii. 62. A. abyssinica, var. percrassa, Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xviii. 175 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 164.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Selet Valley; below Acrur, 5200 ft., Schweinfurth,
1804, and below Saganeiti, 5500 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1664! Ginda Valley,
3000-4000 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 2229! 2291! Barasio Valley, Schweinfurth,
2077.

Introduced into cultivation in 1873.

Var. albopicta, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 64, is a form with the
leaves persistent and spotted with white all over the surface.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Ginda Valley, 3900 ft., Schweinfurth, 1846, 1847.

No specimen at Kew.

A variety is also found in Arabia.

40, A. Volkensii, Zngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. ©. 141. Caudex 12-15 ft.
long. Leaves lanceolate, above 1 ft. long, 3 in. broad low down; teeth
small, deltoid, moderately close, slightly curved. Inflorescence panicled ;
branches arcuate-ascending, 4 ft. long, densely flowered at the apex;
bracts very small; lower pedicels } in. long, articulated at the apex.
Perianth straight, 3 in. long. Segments red on the back, orange 1n-
side and on the edge. Filaments 5-6 times the length of the oblong
anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; Marangu, 4500-5000 ít.,
Volkens, 406! and by the River Himo below Marangu, 3000 ft., Volkens, 1757!

No specimen at Kew.

41, A. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 263.
Subacaulescent. Leaves densely rosulate, ensiform, 2 ft. long, 1}-2 in.
broad low down, unspotted; marginal teeth spreading, deltoid, yz in.
long. Peduncle very short, much compressed, 2 ft. long, including: the
inflorescence. Racemes 1—3, dense, oblong, 3—4 in. long; pedicels
4-4 in. long; bracts ovate, acute, lower 4-4 in. long; central flowers
spreading, lower deflexed. Perianth yellow, under 1 in. long; tube
very short. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.—Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xviii. 162.

e Lower Guinea. Angola: Barra do Bengo; on wooded hills, Welwitsch,
3728!

42, A. palmiformis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. 1.
263. A shrub 3-5 ft. high, with a simple or forked trunk. Leaves
densely rosulate, glaucous green, unspotted, ensiform, 1 ft. or more
long, 21-24 lin. broad low down; marginal teeth deltoid, horny, crowded,
A in. long. Peduncle simple or forked; racemes moderately dense,
cylindrical, 6-8 in. long; pedicels }-4 in. long; bracts minute, ovate,
acute. Perianth under 1 in. long; tube short. Stamens as long as the
perianth.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 173.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla: Morro de Lopollo, subtemperate region, in
high stony woods, Welwitsch, 3726!

Aloe. } CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 467

43. A. Scheelleri, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 107.
Subacaulescent. Leaves about 10, densely rosulate, lanceolate, 14-2 ft.
long, 5-6 in. broad low down, ? in. thick, glaucous, recurved, irregularly
slightly repand; marginal teeth 30-35 on a side, robust, reddish.
Peduncle 2-3 ft. long. Raceme simple, dense, 6-10 in. long; pedicels
% in. long; bracts large, ovate. Perianth in a young state cut more
than half-way down.

Nile Land, Eritrea: Kohaito Plateau, 8400-8700 ft., Schweinfurth, 158 !

44. A. Schweinfurthii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 175.
Leaves ensiform, 1-14 ft. long, 2 in. broad low down, narrowed gradually
to a long point ; marginal teeth close, large, deltoid, tipped with brown.
Peduncle stout, compressed, branched, 2 ft. long. Racemes cylindrical,
moderately dense, the end one 6-9 in. long; lower pedicels 4—4 in. long ;
bracts small, ovate or lanceolate. Perianth pale red, 10-12 lin. long;
tube short, campanulate. Stamens as long as the perianth.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam ; at Makporru Hill, Schweinfurth,
ser. iii. 167 !

45. A. littoralis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 263. A
shrub 6-10 ft. high, with a usually simple trunk, as thick as a man’s
arm, rarely thicker. Leaves densely rosulate, unspotted, ensiform,
acuminate, 2-3 ft. long, 2-24 in. broad low down; marginal teeth
spreading, horny, deltoid, ;4, in. long. Peduncle panicled, 4—5 ft. long,
including the inflorescence ; racemes cylindrical, moderately dense, 1 ft.
long; pedicels }-4 in. long ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, rather longer than
the pedicels. Perianth 1 in. long; tube very short. Stamens as long
as the perianth.— Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 174.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda; frequent through the coast region, Wel-
witsch, 3727 !

46. A. cryptopoda, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1884, 52. Leaves ensi-
form, 14-2 ft. long, 3 in. broad low down; marginal teeth deltoid,
crowded, spreading, medium-sized. Peduncle forked, moderately stout,
terete. Racemes cylindrical, $-1 ft. long; pedicels ascending, lower
4-4 in. long; bracts ovate, as long as the pedicels. Perianth bright
red, 1 in. long; tube very short. Stamens as long as the perianth.
Capsule oblong-trigonous, under 1 in, long.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: banks of the Zambesi, opposite Sena,
Kirk, 96! Nhaoridue, on sterile rocky hills, Menyharth, 1238!

47. A. abyssinica, Zam. Encyc. i. 86 (excl. syn.). Caudex short,
simple. Leaves densely rosulate, ensiform, deep green, often spotted when
young, 14-2 ft. long, 3—4 in. broad low down; marginal teeth large, deltoid,
tipped with brown. Peduncle branched, 14-2 ft. long; racemes dense,
oblong, 3—4 in. long; lower pedicels ł-1 in. long; bracts small, ovate.
Perianth yellow, 1 in. long ; segments twice as long as the oblong tube.
Stamens about as long as the perianth. Capsule oblong-trigonous, 1 in.
long, obscurely stipitate——Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. vii. 695 ; Salm-

468 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). | Aloe.

Dyck, Aloe sect. xviii. fig. 1; Kunth, Enum. iv. 521; A. Rich. Tent.
Fl. Abyss. ii. 324; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 174; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 165; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii, App. ii. 66,
110; A. vulgaris, var. abyssinica, DC. Plantes Grasses, sub t. 27.

Nile Land. Nubia: between Atbara and the Red Sea, Schweinfurth, 19!
between Suakin and Berber; at Singat, Schweinfurth, 206! and at Wady Sarranib,
Schweinfurth, 274! 275! Eritrea: Haddas Valley, near Mahio, 3200 ft., Schwein-
furth, 155! Kohaito Plateau, 8400-8700 ft., Schweinfurth, 156! Geleb, 9400 ft.,
Schweinfurth, 1234! 1430! 1796! near Acrur, 9400 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva,
1350! 1696! 1797! and on the Mareb Plateau, Steudner, 476! Abyssinia, Dillon dr
Petit, 50!

Var. Peacockii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 175. Leaves lanceolate ensi-
form, 18-21 in. long, 5-6 in. broad low down. Flowers bright yellow. A. elegans,
Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm. ii. 25, t. 29.

Nile Land. Abyssinia.

Cultivated by the late Mr. Peacock at Hammersmith, and by Todaro at Palermo,
raised from seeds received from Schimper.

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

A. Deleuili, Hort., is a garden hybrid raised by Deleuil of Hyères by crossing
this species with the South African A. ferox.

48. A. Camperii, Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 67,
110. Subacaulescent, glabrous in all its parts. Leaves densely rosulate,
lanceolate-ensiform, pale green, subglaucous, unspotted, 14-2 ft. long,
5-6 in. broad low down, tinged with purple at the base and apex;
marginal teeth large, curved, not crowded. Peduncle 3 ft. long, much
compressed, branched ; racemes short, very dense ; pedicels, bracts and
perianth as in A. abyssinica. Capsule oblong-trigonous, under 1 in.
long.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Kohaito Plateau, 8400-8700 ft., Schweinfurth, 154!

49. A. crassipes, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 162. Leaves
ensiform, in the only specimen seen 1 ft. long, under 1 in. broad
low down; teeth large, distant, spreading, deltoid, rather hooked.
Peduncle stout, 1} ft. long. Raceme moderately dense, cylindrical,
4 ft. long, with 2 short branches at the base; pedicels ascending, the
lower 1 in. long; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth 1} in. long, slightly
constricted above the ovary; tube short, campanulate. Stamens as
long as the perianth.

" Nile Land. Nubia: between Suakin and Berber, at Kishi, Schweinfurth,
3765!

50. A. dichotoma, Linn. f. Suppl. 206. Arborescent, much
branched, reaching a height of 30—40 ft., with a trunk 3—4 ft. diam.
Leaves in dense rosettes at the tip of the thick smooth branchlets,
lanceolate, 8-12 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, thick, glaucous, unspotted.
Peduncle short, branched ; racemes lax, 2-4 in. long; pedicels short,
erecto-patent ; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth bright yellow, 3-1 in.
long ; tube campanulate. Stamens much exserted.—Thunb. Diss. Aloe
No. 1; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 309; Paterson’s Travels, t. 2-5; Kunth,
Enum. iv. 534; Dyer in Gard. Chron. 1874, i. 567, figs. 118, 121; Baker

Aloe. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 469

in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 178, and in Fl. Cap. vi. 325; Schinz in
‘Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 38.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; near Usakos,
2700 ft., Marloth, 1439. j

Also south of the Tropic in Namaqualand.

Imperfectly known Species.

51. A, megalacantha, Baker. Leaves lanceolate, 14 ft. or more
long, 3-4 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to the point, thick,
rigid; marginal teeth large, spreading, crowded, horny, deltoid, 4 in.
long. Flowers only seen detached. Perianth cylindrical, 1 in. long ;
tube short, campanulate; segments long, linear. Stamens included.
Style exserted.

Wile Land. Somaliland, Riva, 905!

No specimen at Kew.

7. HAWORTHIA, Duval; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 777.

Perianth-tube oblong ; limb bilabiate ; segments oblong, the 3 upper
reflexing more than the 3 lower. Stamens 6, shorter than the perianth,
hypogynous ; anthers oblong, versatile, dehiscing down the face. Ovary
ovoid, 3-celled ; ovules many in a cell; style subulate; stigma small,
capitate. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds much compressed, not
winged ; testa black ; albumen fleshy ; embryo straight.—Leaves fleshy,
usually congested into a basal rosette, often marked with lines and
white chalky dots. Peduncle simple or forked. Flowers small, white,
usually laxly racemose.

Species 60, the others all South African.

1. H. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 263.
Rootstock thickened, covered with ovate-lanceolate scales 1}-14 in.
long. Leaves 6-12 in a dense rosette, erect, linear, glaucous, flattish,
2-3 in. long; marginal teeth minute. Peduncle slender, } ft. long.
Raceme lax, subspicate, 4-5 in. long; flowers erecto-patent ; bracts
ovate-cuspidate. Perianth 4 in. long; lobes keeled with green, much
shorter than the tube.— Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 210.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilia; subtemperate region, in sandy woods, Wel-
witsch !

8. SCHIZOBASIS, Baker; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 786.

Perianth campanulate, polyphyllous, persistent ; segments oblong,
subequal, spreading. Stamens 6, shorter than the perianth, inserted at
the base of the segments; filaments filiform or slightly flattened,
glabrous; anthers oblong, versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary
globose, 3-celled ; ovules few in a cell; style subulate; stigma minute,

470 CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). [Schizobasis.

3-lobed. Capsule globose, dehiscing loculicidally. Seeds 1-3, angled ;
testa lax, black; albumen fleshy; embryo nearly as long as the
albumen.—Rootstock a comparatively large bulb. Leaves all basal, not
contemporary with the flowers. Stems much branched, straight or
flexuose. Flowers minute, white, racemose or terminal on the
branchlets.

Species 5, the others South African.

1. S. angolensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 255.
Bulb globose, 1-14 in. diam.; outer tunics brown, membranous.
Leaves unknown. Peduncle slender, naked, straight, erect, 4 ft. long.
Panicle corymbose, 1 ft. long; branches and branchlets long, straight,
slender; pedicels articulated at the apex ; bracts minute, deltoid.
Perianth A in. long; segments oblong, white with a brown keel.
Filaments slightly flattened ; anthers shorter than the filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in rocky ground, 2400-3800 ft.,
Welwitsch, 3866 !

9. ERIOSPERMUM, Jacq. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 786.

Perianth campanulate, polyphyllous, persistent ; segments oblong or
linear-oblong, subequal, spreading. Stamens 6, shorter than the perianth,
attached to the base of the segments ; filaments filiform or flattened ;
anthers oblong, small, basifixed, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary sessile
or subsessile, globose, 3-celled ` ovules 2 or few in a cell; style short,
subulate ; stigma capitate,minute. Capsule with 3 persistent spreading
or reflexed loculicidal valves. Seeds oblong-triquetrous, densely hairy ;
albumen fleshy ` embryo long, cylindrical. Rootstock a large irregularly-
shaped tuber. Leaves usually solitary and not contemporary with
the flowers, ovate or lanceolate. Inflorescence a simple raceme;
pedicels articulated at the apex ; bracts minute, membranous. Flowers
small, white or yellow; segments with a 1-nerved brown keel.

Species 50, the others all South African.

Pedicels long.
Peduncle long. Perianth 4-4 in. long . : . 1. E. elatum.
Peduncle short. Perianth smaller.
Leaf linear . : : : ; . 2. E. stenophyllum.
Leaf lanceolate.
Leaves not contemporary with flowers S . 8. E. abyssinicum,

Leaves contemporary with flowers.

Stamens short 3 i S Se bakerianum.
Stamens more than half as long as the perianth 5. E. dechuanicum.
Leaf oblanceolate S S S : S . 6. E. andongense.
Leaf cordate-orbicular . : 7. E spherophyllum.
Leaf unknown 8. E flexuosum.
Pedicels short.

Leaf linear ‘ : : S S . 9. E. linearifolium.
Leaf lanceolate S : S 3 : 210: P. triphyllum.
Leaf oblong-lanceolate 11. E. ophioglossoides.
Leaf oblong.

Eriospermum. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 471

Leaf 1-2 in. long : S 4 : . . 12. E. paludosum.

Leaf 5-6 in. long i : ; S : < 18. E. Kirki.
Leaf cordate-ovate.

Leaf under 1 in. long . : : - : . 14. E. Currori.

Leaf 3—4 in. long : : é : r . 15. E. somalense.
Leaf cordate-orbicular . : 4 : : . 16. E. roseum.

l. E. elatum, Baker. Tuber medium-sized. Leaf not seen, not
contemporary with the flowers. Peduncle 14 ft. long. Raceme very
lax, $ ft. long; pedicels ascending, the lower 14-2 in. long in tne
flowering stage. Perianth above } in. long; segments linear, yellowish,
keeled with pale brown. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-
segments ; filaments filiform; anthers subglobose, minute. Capsule
4-4 in. long ; valves obovate, reflexing.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5000-6000 ft.,
Carson, 16 of 1894 collection! Carson, 82 of 1892 collection !

2. E. stenophyllum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 261. Tuber depresso-globose, moderately large, densely crowned
with bristles. Leaf solitary, linear, shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous,
glabrous, 6—8 in. long, 4—4 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
to the base. Peduncle slender, wiry, 4 ft. long. Raceme lax, 5-6 in.
long ; pedicels ascending, the lower 3-34 in. long ; bracts very minute,
ovate. Perianth 4 in. long; segments oblong, white, with a red-brown
keel. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ; filaments subulate ;
anthers subglobose, minute.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo; in sandy ground on the banks of
the River Cumanza, Welwitsch, 3758 !

3. E. abyssinicum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 263. Tuber
globose, 1-1} in. diam., crowned with copious fibres. Leaf lanceolate,
not contemporary with the flowers, distinctly petiolate, subcoriaceous,
glabrous, 5-6 in. long, 4-3 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
to the apex and base. Peduncle wiry, 3-6 in. long. Raceme lax,
6-8 in. long; pedicels ascending, lower 2-3 in. long; bracts very
minute. Perianth oblong, } in. long; segments linear-oblong, white,
with a pale brown keel. Stamens unequal, rather shorter than the
perianth ; filaments flattened ; anthers subglobose. Capsule ł in. long,
with obovate reflexing valves—Bulbine unifolia, Schweinf. in. Pl.
Callab. Exsic. No. 26.

Nile Land. Gallabat: banks of the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 26! Jur:
Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1924! ser. iii. 141! Seriba Kurshook Ali, Schweinfurth,
1724!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Hannington! British Central Africa:
Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 196! Zomba, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte! Mount
Mlanje, Scott-Elliot, 8638 !

An incomplete specimen collected in Nupe by Barter (1538) agrees with this as
far as the material goes.

4. E. bakerianum, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. xxxi.
215. Tuber globose, conical at the apex, 14 in. diam., its neck densely

472 CXL, LILIACEÆ (BAKER). | Zriospermum.

clothed with fibres. Leaves 1-4, contemporary with the flowers,
lanceolate, acute, erect, subcoriaceous, glabrous, 3-4 in. long. Raceme
very lax, 4-6 in. long; pedicels ascending, lower 3 in. long. Perianth
4 in. long ; segments oblong, white with a red-brown keel.. Filaments
filiform, as long as the anthers. Style longer than the ovary. Seeds
clothed with fine white hairs } in. long.

Lower Guinea, German South-west Africa: Amboland ; in sandy ground at
Olukondo, Schinz, 25! 39! Oshiheke, Schinz, 17! Hereroland, Belck, 48, Luderitz,
26.

5. E. bechuanicum, Baker. Tubernotseen. Leaf contemporary
with the flowers, firm, glabrous, lanceolate, acute, 2-3 in. long, sheathing
the stem a little above the base, erect. Peduncle 2-3 in. long. Raceme
many-flowered, 3-6 in. long; pedicels ascending; lower 3—4 in. long;
bracts ovate, minute. Perianth campanulate, } in. long; segments
oblong, white, with a greenish-brown keel. Stamens unequal, more
than half as long as the perianth; anthers small, oblong ; filaments
linear. Ovary ovoid ; style as long as the ovary.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; near Kwebe, Lugard,
80!

6. E.andongense, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
261. Tuber globose, 1-14 in. diam., crowned with bristles. Leaf solitary,
not contemporary with the flowers, petiolate, subcoriaceous, oblanceo-
late, glabrous, 6-8 in. long, 1-14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the base. Peduncle wiry, 8-12 in. long. Raceme lax,
3-4 in. long; pedicels long, ascending. Perianth campanulate, 4 in.
long; segments linear-oblong, sulphur-yellow, with a purple keel.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3757!

7. E. spherophyllum, Baker. Leaf single, contemporary with
the flowers, clasping the base of the stem, suborbicular, subcoriaceous,
glabrous, 14-1} in. broad. Peduncle very short. Raceme deltoid, many-
flowered, 2-3 in. long; pedicels ascending; lower 1 in. long; bracts
minute, ovate-lanceolate. Perianth oblong, } in. long; segments
oblong, white with a greenish-brown keel. Stamens unequal, nearly as
long as the perianth ; anthers globose; filaments dilated towards the
base. Ovary globose ; style as long as the ovary.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; near Kwebe, Lugard,
8!

8. E. flexuosum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
261. Tuber globose, #-1 in. diam. Leaf unknown, not produced at
the same time as the stem. Peduncle slender, 6-9 in. long. Raceme
lax, 6-9 in. long; rhachis slender, flexuose ; pedicels ascending, lower
2-3 in. long; bracts very minute, ovate, scariose. Perianth campanu-
late, } in. long ; segments linear, white, with a red-brown keel. Stamens

Eriospermum. | CXL. LILIACEX (BAKER). 473

rather shorter than the perianth; filaments flattened; anthers sub-
globose, minute.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 162.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, 3800-5500 ft., Wel-
witsch, 3760!

9. E. linearifolium, Baker. Tuber not seen. Leaves 2, con-
temporary with the flowers, linear, glabrous, 2-3 in. long, AA in.
broad. Peduncle 14-3 in. long. Raceme lax, few-flowered ; pedicels
ascending; lower 4 in, long; bracts small, persistent, broadly ovate.
Perianth oblong, } in. long ` segments oblong, white, with a brown keel.
ee nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers small, oblong. Style
ong.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mbuyuni, common on dry sand, Scott-Elliot,
6203 !

10. E. triphyllum, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv.471. Tuber globose,
under 1 in. diam., crowded with the fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaves
3-4, contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, acute, erect, glabrous,
narrowed to the base, 5-6 in. long, 4-4 in. broad at the middle.
Peduncle slender, shorter than the leaves. Raceme few-flowered, about
l in. long; pedicels ascending, finally } in. long ; bracts minute, broadly
‘ovate. Perianth } in. long ; segments white, tinged and keeled with
red-brown. Stamens distinctly shorter than the perianth-segments ;
anthers much shorter than the filaments.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2651!

Mozamb. Dist. (Gi Ligaijo, Fischer, 607!

11. E. ophioglossoides, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
ser. 2, Bot. i. 262. Tuber globose, crowned with a ring of the long
matted fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaf solitary, shortly petiolate,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, subcoriaceous, glabrous, 1-3 in. long, -š in.
broad at the middle, rather rounded at the base. Peduncle stiffly
‘erect, 5-6 in. long. Raceme lax, oblong, 3-4 in. long; pedicels erecto-
patent, the lower 4—ł in. long; bracts very minute, ovate, red-brown.
Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, white with a
‘bright red-brown keel. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ;
anthers minute; filaments subulate—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.
162.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, in damp pastures,
Welwitsch, 3759!

12. E. paludosum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 261.
‘Tuber oblong or subglobose, 3-1 in. diam., crowned with copious fibrous
relics of old leaves. Leaves 2-3 to a tuber, contemporary with the
flowers, shortly petiolate, oblong, acute, subcoriaceous, glabrous, cuneate
at the base, 1-2 in. long, 6—9 lin. broad. Peduncle 4-6 in. long.
Raceme lax, 3—4 in. long; rhachis flexuose; pedicels ascending, lower
in fruit 1 in. long; bracts very minute, deltoid, clasping. Perianth
$ in. long ; segments oblong, white, with a red-brown keel. Stamens
rather shorter than the perianth ; filaments filiform ; anthers minute.

474 CXL. LILIACE£ (BAKER). | Zriospermum.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; frequent in swamps, Welwitsch,
2761! 3763!

13. E. Kirkii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 267, Tuber
globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves 2 to a tuber, contemporary with the
flowers, distinctly petiolate, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, moderately
firm, glabrous, 5-6 in. long, 1-2 in. broad at the middle. Peduncle
slender, 6—9 in. long. Raceme moderately dense, 2—4 in. long; pedicels
ascending, the lower 4—1 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, white, with
a brown keel. Perianth } in. long; segments linear-oblong, white,
with a distinct brown keel. Stamens half as long as the perianth ;
filaments filiform ; anthers subglobose, minute. Capsule } in. long ;
valves obovate, reflexing.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: on the Lower Zambesi ; between
Lupata and Sena, Kirk! and Shupanga, Kirk ! British Central Africa : Nyasaland ;
Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 65! between Blantyre and Matope, Scott !

Var. brevifolium, Baker. Tube small. Leaves shorter and more coriaceous, 3 ìn.
long by half as broad.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, Buchanan,
195!

14, E. Currori, Baker. Tuber not seen. Leaf solitary, contem-
porary with the flowers, cordate-ovate, obtusely cuspidate, subcoriaceous,
glabrous, under 1 in. long; petiole clasping the base of the peduncle.
Peduncle very short. Raceme dense, 4-3 in. long; pedicels erecto-
patent, the lower 4—4 in. long; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth oblong-
cylindrical, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, pinkish-white with a
broad brown keel. Stamens half as long as the perianth. Styleas long
as the globose ovary.—Scilla Currori, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xu.
249.

Lower Guinea. Angola: without precise locality, Curror, 26!

15. E. somalense, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 416. Tuber
not seen. Leaf solitary, contemporary with the scape, broadly ovate.
cordate at the base, chartaceous, glabrous, 3—4 in. long, nearly 3 in.
broad. Peduncle above 2 in. long. Raceme 3-4 in. long; lower
pedicels spreading, Jin. long. Flowers not seen.

Nile Land, Somaliland: Abdallah, Keller, 172.

No specimen at Kew.

16. E. roseum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 38. Tuber
globose ; skin rose-red. Leaf solitary, contemporary with the flowers,
cordate-suborbicular, cuspidate, glabrous, 2-3 in. long. Peduncle e
long as the leaf. Raceme lax, many-flowered, 14-4 in. Jong: pocion
patent, LA in. long; bracts deltoid. Perianth campanulate, 4 1P-
long ; segments oblong, obtuse, with a broad rose-red keel. Stamens
half as long as the perianth: filaments lanceolate. ;

Lower Guinea. Hereroland: Kaoko, between the Koiami and Onanis Rivers,
Belek, 22, Great Namaqualand: Rehoboth, Fleck, 888.

Also found in Great Namaqualand south of the Tropic.

No specimen at Kew.

Eriospermum.| CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 475

We have two additional species, one from Matabeleland, collected by the Rev. W.
Elliott, and the other from Amboland, collected by Prof. Hans Schinz, of which the
leaves are not known, Prof. Schinz (Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 37) identities a
plant from Hereroland, collected by Stapff, doubtfully with E. corymbosum, Baker in
Journ, Linn. Soc. xv, 266. Prof. Schinz mentions two other unnamed species from
Hereroland, collected by Fleck and Luderitz.

10. BULBINE, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 784.

Perianth campanulate, polyphyllous, persistent; segments oblong,
subequal, spreading. Stamens 6, shorter than the perianth, hypogynous
or obscurely perigynous; filaments filiform, densely bearded; anthers
oblong, versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary globose, sessile,
3-celled ; ovules few in a cell; style short, subulate; stigma minute,
capitate. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds few, triquetrous ` testa
black; albumen fleshy; embryo nearly as long as the albumen.—
Rootstock not bulbous. Acaulescent or with a short leafy stem.
Leaves subulate or flat, usually fleshy. Inflorescence a simple raceme
dense upwards ; pedicels solitary articulated at the apex; bracts small,
membranous, persistent. Flowers usually bright yellow; segments
with a Lneree green keel.

Species 30, all the others South African, except 2, which inhabit Australia.

Leaves subulate, fleshy S ; : $ ‘ . 1. B. asphodeloides.
Leaves lanceolate, fleshy . . . S ` . 2, B. alooides.
Leaves oblong, coriaceous . . : . . . 3. B. platyphylla.

1. B. asphodeloides, Schultes f. Syst. Veg. vii. 444. Rootstock
a small globose tuber, with a dense tuft of slender root-fibres. Leaves
10-20 in a dense basal rosette, erect, subulate, 4—14 ft. long. Peduncle
shorter than the leaves. Raceme 3-6 in. long, very dense upwards ;
upper pedicels ascending, lower spreading, 6—9 lin. long ; bracts lanceo-
late, protruding beyond the buds. Perianth bright yellow, } in. long;
segments oblong, much imbricated. Capsule obovoid-trigonous, }—} in.
long. Seeds 3—4 in each cell.—Kunth, Enum. iv. 564; Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xv. 345; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 159. B. abyssinica,
A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 334, t. 97. Anthericum asphodeloides,
Linn. Sp. Plant. 311; Jacq. Hort. Vind. ii. 85, t. 181.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Shire, Quartin-Dillon § Petit, 177! and without pre-
cise locality, Schimper, 505! Somaliland, Mrs. Lort-Phillips! British East Africa :
Jur ; Abu Guroon’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1541! ser. iii. 137! Ukamba; very common,
6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6745! Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2638! 40-60 miles from the coast,
Johnston !

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla and Pungo Andongo; temperate region,
Welwitsch, 3774! 3775!

South Central. Lunda: Kamissamba, Buchner, 681.

Mozamb. Dist, German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 10,000 ft., Volkens, 2029!
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Namasi River, Cameron ! Blantyre, Buchanan,
48! Mount Sochi, Scott-Elliot, 8612! Mount Mlanje, McClounie, 53! and without
precise locality, Buchanan, 1327!

Widely spread at the Cape.

476 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Bulbine.

2. B. alooides, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 372? Leaves in a dense
basal rosette, fleshy, lanceolate, 4—5 in. long. Peduncle longer than the
leaves. Raceme simple, cylindrical, 4 ft. long, dense except towards
the base; pedicels }- in. long; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth
bright yellow, } in. long. Stamens more than half as long as the
perianth. Style reaching to the tip of the perianth-segments.—Baker
in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 348.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Chiradzulu,
Meller !

Is perhaps distinct from the Cape plant figured by Dillenius and in Bot. Mag.
t. 1317, but our material is very scanty.

3. B. platyphylla, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 468. Rootstock
thick, globose, crowned with numerous fibres. Leaves 10-12 super-
posed on a short stem, oblong, coriaceous, glabrous, 4—6 in. long, 13-2 in.
broad. Peduncle 1-1} ft. long. Raceme cylindrical, nearly 1 ft. long;
pedicels ascending, 1-1 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth yellow, Z in.
long; segments oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uniamwezi; Gonda, Bohm, 21!

No specimen at Kew.

11. ASPHODELUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 782.

Perianth not cut down to the very base, as in Anthericum ; segments
6, oblong, subequal, spreading from above the base. Stamens 6, shorter
than the perianth, inserted at the base of the segments; filaments
dilated and connivent at the base; anthers oblong, versatile, dehiscing
longitudinally. Ovary sessile, globose, 3-celled; ovules 2 in a cell,
collateral ; style subulate, slightly declinate ; stigma terminal, minute.
Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. ` Seeds often solitary, angled; testa
crustaceous, grey or black, rugose; albumen cartilaginous; embryo
cylindrical.—Annual or perennial herbs. Rootstock not bulbous.
Leaves all radical, subulate. Racemes simple or branched ; pedicels
solitary, articulated; bracts membranous. Flowers white; segments
keeled with brown.

Species 6, natives of South Europe and the Mediterranean region, extending to
Northern India, Nubia, and Mauritius. ;

1. A. fistulosus, Linn. var. tenuifolius, Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xv. 272. Annual. Leaves many ina dense basal rosette, subulate,
erect, fistular, 6-9 in. long, tapering to the apex. Peduncle shorter
than the leaves. Panicle much-branched; racemes lax, ascending;
pedicels short, articulated at the middle; bracts small, membranous,
ovate. Perianth 4-4 in. long. Capsule globose, 4 in. diam. ; valves
transversely grooved.—A. tenuifolius, Cav. Anal. Cienc. Nat. iii. 46, t. 27,
fig. 2; Icon. vi. 63, t. 587, fig. 2; Kunth, Enum. iv. 558. A. intermedis,
Hornem. Hort. Hafn. Suppl. 131. A. æstivus, Reich. Pl. Crit. t. 451.

Asphodelus. | CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER). 477

A. microcarpus, Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 513, fig. 1116, non Viv.
A. parviflorus, Wight, Ic. t. 2062.

Wile Land. Nubia: Berber, Kotschy, 356! 357! and without precise locality,
Bent !

Also in the Canaries, Peninsular India, and Mauritius.

12. ACROSPIRA, Welw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 787.

Perianth elongated, subpolyphyllous; segments lanceolate, subequal,
ascending, 3—5-nerved on the back. Stamens 6, inserted at the base of
the perianth-segments ; filaments short, rather flattened ; anthers large,
linear, basifixed, spirally recurved at the tip when fading. Ovary sub-
globose, sessile ; ovules many in a cell, superposed ; style long, subulate,
slightly declinate; stigma capitate. Fruit and seeds unknown.

Endemic. Monotypic.

1. A. asphodeloides, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 255, t. 34, figs. 4-7. Rootstock thick, oblique ` root-fibres many,
slender. Leaves 5-6 in a radical rosette, firm, ensiform, glabrous,
2-3 ft. long, 1-1} in. broad low down. Peduncle very long, furnished
with many reduced leaves. Racemes 1-1} ft. long; simple or furnished
with 1-2 short branches at the base; lower flowers 3—4 in a cluster;
pedicels short, unequal; bracts small, ovate. Perianth white, 9—10 lin.
long ; segments A in. broad. Anthers yellow, 3—4 in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; frequent on high rocky ground,
Welwitsch, 3777! 3778! 3779!

13. ANTHERICUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 788.

Perianth persistent, polyphyllous; segments subequal, 3—5-nerved
on the back, spreading from the base. Stamens 6, hypogynous, shorter
than the perianth ; filaments smooth or scabrous ; anthers linear, basi-
fixed, dehiscing down the face. Ovary globose, sessile ; ovules few in a
cell, superposed; style subulate; stigmas small, capitate. Capsule
oblong-trigonous, not deeply lobed, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds angular,
not compressed ; testa black, opaque; albumen cartilaginous ; embryo
cylindrical. Rootstock not bulbous ` root-tibres slender, often producing
small tubers. Leaves in a basal rosette, linear. Inflorescence racemose,
often panicled; pedicels usually articulated at the middle or apex;
bracts persistent. Flowers small, white.

Species 100, cosmopolitan, concentrated in Tropical and South Africa,

Subgenus PuataneiuM. Pedicels articulated at the
middle, Filaments glabrous.
Leaves subterete.
Raceme simple
Racemes panicled
Leaves linear, glabrous.
Perianth A in, long

1. A. ustulatum.
2. A. calyptrocarpum.,

3. A. inconspicuum.

478

Perianth yellow, 2 in. long
Perianth 4 in. long . ` ;
Perianth about 2 Se in. long.

Anthers oblong, +: zz in. long.
Pedicels solitary . - .
Lower pedicels 2-nate

Anthers linear-oblong, } in. long.
Peduncle pubescent .

Peduncle glabrous.

Pedicels very short.
Peduncle flattened, not acutely angled
Peduncle acutely angled,
Peduncle very long ;
Pedancle shorter than the leaves
Pedicels ł}—4 in. long

Anthers linear, % in. long.
Peduncle short ; :
Peduncle long.

Pedicels very short,
Root-fibres slender .
Root- fibres thick

Pedicels 4—4 in. long,
Racemes simple
Racemes slightly compound
Racemes 3-5, panicled

Anthers linear, 4 in. long
Perianth $ in. or more long.

Peduncle short

Peduncle long.

Peduncle terete or subterete,
Perianth-segments 3-nerved in the keel .
Perianth-segments 5-nerved in the keel .

Peduncle flattened,
Leaves about 1 ft, Jong
Leaves 13-2 ft. long :

Leaves ensiform or lanceolate, es

Leaf solitary, cauline .

Leaves 3—4 basa] and 3—4 cauline . S

Leaves all basal,

Racemes simple,

Leaves about 3 to a stem
Leaves about 8 to a stem
Racemes panicled.
Anthers 4 in, long.
Perianth 4 in, long .
Perianth 4 in, long .
Anthers 4 in. long
Anthers 4 in, long
Leaves oblong, glabrous,
Peduncle short
Peduncle very long S
Leaves distinctly ciliated on the edge.
Anthers shorter than the filaments
Anthers as long as the filaments .
Anthers longer than the filaments .

D

CXL, LILIACEX (BAKER).

4,
5.

[ Anthericum.

A. pumilum.
A, tenellum.

. A. dissitiflorum,
. A. subpetiolatum,

. A. pubirachis,

. A, Nyase.

A, pterocaulon.

. A. anceps.
. A. andongense,

. A. limosum,
. A. rubellum.
. A. campestre.

. A. zanguebaricum.
. A. kemoense,

A. nervosum,

. A. acuminatum.
. A. nubicum.

. A. Brage.

. A. matabelense.

. A. purpuratum.
. A. uyuiense.

A. monophylium.

. A, caulescens,

. A. triphyllum.

A. speciosum.

. A, USSEramense,
. A. Buchanani,

. A. milanjianum.
. A, Giryame,

. A. orchideum.
. A, superpositum.

. A. benguellense.
. A. Stuhlmanni.
. A. venulosum,

Anthericum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 479

Leaves pubescent over the surface.

Leaves linear : - : ; S . 38. A. Grantii.
Leaves lanceolate.
Anthers 4 in. long . . - S : . 39. A. arenarium,
Anthers1 in. long . : ; : : . 40. A. sphacelatum,

Subgenus Hotopropium. Flowers corymbose ; pedicels
not articulated.
Péduncle none.

Flowers 2-3 . : ` c : S ; . 41. A. angustifolium,

Flowers 6-8 . : Z : : : A . 42. A. humile.
Peduncle shorter than the leaves.

Leaves glabrous . : S S : 4 . 43. A. corymbosum.

Leaves with a few long hairs . : ` i . 44. A. Jamesii.
Peduncle as long as the leaves. é : ; . 45. A. gregorianum.

Subgenus TRACHYANDRA. Pedicels solitary, articulated
at the apex. Filaments scabrous.
Leaves glabrous,

Flowers white : S : : é : . 46. A. arvense.
Flowers yellow : . S S . 47. A, flavoviride.
Leaves pilose.
Peduncle very short - : : : . . 48. A. pyrenicarpum,
Pedunele not very short.
Peduncle much shorter than the leaves . . . 49. A. elongatum.
Peduncle as long as the leaves.
Leaves subterete . : ; : . 50. A. Oatesii,
Leaves narrowly linear.
Racemes short . : : : : . 51. A. Saltit.
Racemes long . : ; - : . 52. A. malosanum.

Subgenus DILANTHES. Pedicels articulated at the
middle; lower usually 3-4-nate. Filaments sca-
brous,
Lower pedicels solitary S S S S S . 58. A. taylorianum,
Lower pedicels 3—4-nate.
Leaves glabrous.

Perianth-segments with a green keel . ; . 54. A. nidulans,

Perianth-segments with a red-brown keel . . 55. A. triflorum,
Leaves pubescent.

Leaves 2-3 in, long . - . : . 56. A. molle.

Leaves above 1 ft, long : ; g S . 57. A. Whytet,

1. A. ustulatum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
258. Rootstock slender, wide-creeping ; neck crowned with a few fibres.
Produced leaves 3, subterete, firm, glabrous, 6-7 in. long; outer rudi-
mentary linear, coriaceous, transversely barred with black. Peduncle
slender, terete, nearly as long as the leaves. Raceme lax, simple,
1-1} in. long; pedicels 4} in. long, articulated at the middle, the
lower 2—3-nate; bracts lanceolate, red-brown, longer than the pedicels.
Perianth 4 in, long; segments oblong, with a many-nerved red-brown
keel, Stamens much shorter than the perianth; anthers oblong, as
long as the glabrous filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla and Pungo Andongo; in spongy bogs, Wel-
witsch, 3800! 3801!

480 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

2. A. calyptrocarpum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
258. Root-fibres many, cylindrical, fleshy ; crown of the root densely
setose. Leaves 1-2, terete, glabrous, 1 ft. or more long, very slender.
Peduncle slender, terete, 4 ft. long. Panicle deltoid, 6-9 in. long,
formed of several very lax ascending racemes; pedicels 1—} in. long,
articulated at the middle, the lower geminate; bracts minute, deltcid-
cuspidate. Perianth } in. long, circumscissile at the base; segments
oblong, with a laxly-nerved brown keel. Stamens rather shorter ;
anthers oblong, as long as the glabrous filaments. Capsule turbinate,
tin. long, crowned by the twisted perianth.—-Eng]. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 160.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in stony meadows between Mumpulla and
Lopollo, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3786 !

3. A. inconspicuum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1871, 71. Root-
fibres many, slender, not bearing tubercles; old leaves breaking up
into fibres. Leaves 3-4, erect, thin, linear, glabrous, 4 ft. long, not
ciliated on the margin. Peduncle very slender, terete, 1—2 in. long.
Raceme simple, very lax, 2-3 in. long; lower pedicels geminate, } in.
long, articulated at the middle. Perianth zz in. long; segments ob-
lanceolate, white, with a 3-nerved green keel. Stamens rather shorter
than the perianth ; anthers minute, oblong; filaments glabrous.—Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160.

Nile Land. Somaliland: near Maid, Hildebrandt, 1469!

4, A. pumilum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franc. Lil. 20. Crown of
root not setose. Leaves 8-10, linear, 5-6 in. long, } in. broad,
moderately firm, glabrous, closely ribbed, pellucid on the margin.
Peduncle terete, 14-2 in. long. Raceme simple, dense, not overtopping
the leaves; bracts ovate, acute, the lower Lk in. long; pedicels short,
articulated at the apex, 3-4 in a cluster. Perianth-segments yellow,
$ in. long, spreading, 3-nerved. Anthers oblong, finally twisted.
Ovary subglobose; style filiform, incurved. Capsule oblong-trigonous,
$ in. long. ‘Seeds subglobose, 7-8 in a cell.

Lower Guinea. French Congo; mission station on the upper Kemo, a tributary
of the Dua or Mobangi River, Dybowski, 761 !

No specimen at Kew.

5. A. tenellum, Welw. ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. 1.
256. Densely tufted. Root-fibres few, fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves
densely tufted, narrowly linear, erect, glabrous, 1—3 in. long. Peduncle
very slender, flexuose, glabrous, 4-5 in. long. Racemes 2-3, very lax,
2-3 in. long; rhachis flexuose; bracts minute, deltoid, membranous ;
pedicels short, articulated at the middle, lower 2-3-nate. Perianth } in.
long; segments linear, with a 3-nerved brown keel. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth ; anthers oblong, minute ; filaments glabrous.
Capsule oblong, 4 in. long.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Monino, in damp sandy pastures,
3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3796 !

Anthericum. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 481

6. A. dissitiflorum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 257.
Rootstock small, tuberous, with many wiry root-fibres not bearing tubers.
Leaves linear, glabrous, moderately firm, 3-5 in. long, $ in. broad,
scabrous on the margin. Peduncle acutely angled, about as long as the
leaves. Raceme simple, lax, 1-14 in. long, 3-—6-flowered; pedicels
solitary, {1 in. long, articulated at the middle ; bracts deltoid, cuspidate,
$-} in. long. Perianth }-} in. long; segments oblong, with a. pale
brown 3-nerved keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers
oblong, Ji. in. long, as long as the glabrous filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near Condo, in damp pastures,
Welwitsch, 3781!

7. A. subpetiolatum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 302. Root-
fibres wiry, not bearing tubercles; old leaves splitting up into fibres.
Leaves 4-6 to a stem, thin, linear, glabrous, subpetiolate, 1 ft. long,
3-4 in. broad, not ciliated on the margin. Stem short, slender, pubescent
upwards, not flattened. Raceme lax, simple, 2-4 in. long; pedicels
short, ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower geminate. Perianth
3 in. long ; segments laxly 3-nerved in the keel. Anthers linear, 5}, in.
long, shorter than the glabrous filaments. Capsule subglobose, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Morambala Mountain, 1000 ft.,
Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Mlanje, Scott-Elliot, 8686!
Shire Highlands, Scott-Elliot, 8619! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 697 !

8. A. pubirachis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 302. Rhizome
horizontal; root-fibres wiry, sometimes bearing tubercles. Leaves 5-6,
moderately firm, linear, glabrous, 6—9 in. long, 4—4 in. broad, not
ciliated at the margin. Peduncle 3-4 in. long, densely pubescent, acutely
angled. Raceme simple, moderately dense, 14-2 in. long; rhachis
pubescent ; pedicels ascending, articulated at the middle, all solitary,
lower } in. long; bracts linear, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth 3 in.
long ; segments oblong, with a red-brown 3-nerved keel. Anthers
linear-oblong, } in. long, as long as the glabrous filaments.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter!

9. A. Nyasæ, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 52.
Root-fibres wiry, not bearing tubercles. Leaves about 6, firm, glabrous,
linear, 6-8 in. long, 4—4 in. broad, scabrous on the margin. —-Peduncle
as long as the leaves, flattened, not acutely angled. Racemes lax,
simple or panicled, the end one 3-4 in. long ; pedicels short, ascending,
articulated at the middle, the lower 3—4-nate; bracts small, scariose,
ovate or lanceolate. Perianth } in. long; segments with a 3—5-nerved
brown keel. Anthers linear-oblong, } in. long, shorter than the glabrous
filaments. Capsule turbinate, shorter than the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ` Mount Mlanje, Whyte !

10. A. pterocaulon, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 258. Root-fibres long, slender; old leaves splitting into fibres.
Leaves 3—4, linear, rigid, glabrous, 2 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad, not ciliated

VOL. VII. 21

482 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Anthericum.

on the margin, Peduncle very long, stiffly erect, acutely angled.
Raceme simple, moderately dense, 3-6 in. long; pedicels short, articu-
lated at the middle, the lower 2-3-nate; bracts small, the lower
lanceolate. Perianth }~4 in. long ; segments with a 3—5-nerved brown
keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth ; anthers } in. long, equalling
the glabrous filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo ; between Calundo and Pedras de
Guinza, in thickets, Welwitsch, 3795!

11. A. anceps, Baker in Journ. Linn, Soc. xv. 805, Root-fibres
slender, wiry; neck crowned with bristles. Leaves about 4, erect,
linear, firm, glabrous, strongly and closely ribbed, 1 ft. long, not ciliated
on the margin. Peduncle shorter than the leaves, much compressed and
acutely angled from base to apex. Raceme simple or forked at the
base, moderately dense ` pedicels very short, the lower 2-3-nate; bracts
ovate, acuminate, the lower } in. long. Perianth 2 in. long ; segments
oblong, with a 5-nerved keel. Anthers linear-oblong, 4 in. long, much
longer than the glabrous filaments.—Fl. Cap. vi. 382.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Rhodesia; Shesheke, on the Zambesi,
Holub ! Leshumo Valley, Holub, 405! 517! Matabeleland, Elliott !

Also in the Transvaal.

12. A. andongense, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 257.
Rootstock tuberous; root-fibres slender, bearing small tubers. Root-
leaves 4—6, narrowly linear, firm, glabrous, 4 ft. long, not ciliated on the
margin. Peduncle 8-12 in. long, slender, naked, acutely angled from
the apex to the base. Raceme lax, simple, 2 in. long; pedicels 4—4 in.
long, articulated below the middle, the lower 2-3 nate; bracts lanceolate,
as long as the pedicels. Perianth 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong,
white, with a 3—4-nerved red-brown keel. Stamens distinctly shorter
than the perianth ; anthers linear-oblong, shorter than the glabrous
filaments,

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in damp sandy woods, between
Luxillo and Cazella, Welwitsch, 3797 | 3798!

13. A. limosum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 257.
Rootstock thick, with many slender root-fibres ; neck with a few bristles.
Leaves 5-6, moderately firm, linear, 1 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad, glabrous,
not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle 3-6 in. long. Panicle 3—4 in.
long, with several spreading branches; pedicels short, articulated at the
middle, the lower fascicled; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth 4 in. long ;
segments oblanceolate, with a 3-5-nerved red-brown keel. Anthers
% in. long; filaments glabrous. Style declinate, 4 in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola Barra do Bengo; in swampy ground, Welwitsch,
3803! 3804!

14, A, rubellum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, ti. 352. Root-
fibres slender; neck crowned with a dense ring of bristles. Leaves
6-9 to a stem, linear, moderately firm, glabrous, } ft. long, $-} in.

Anthericum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 483

leafless, flattened, as long as the leaves. Panicle of 3-5 racemes; bracts
broad, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle flattened, acutely angled,
1 ft. long. Racemes simple or forked at the base, moderately dense ;
pedicels short, articulated at the middle, the lower geminate; bracts
minute, brown, ovate or lanceolate. Perianth } in. long; segments
linear-oblong, with a 5-7-nerved brown keel. Anthers linear, 4 in.
long, much longer than the glabrous filaments.
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Johnston !

15. A. campestre, Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 138. Rootstock thick,
vertical. Leaves numerous, linear, firm, glabrous, 1 ft. or more long,
$ in. broad at the middle, not ciliated on the margin, Peduncle angled,
glabrous, rather shorter than the leaves. Raceme dense, simple, 3—4 in.
long ; rhachis sulcate, pubescent ; pedicels very short, the lower 3-nate ;
bracts small, scariose, ovate or lanceolate. Perianth } in. long;
segments linear-oblong, with a 3-nerved brown keel. Anthers linear,
% in. long ; filaments very short. Capsule shorter than the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; Tanga, Holst, 190! 2103!

16. A. zanguebaricum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 302.
Tufts cespitose, springing from a dense mass of fibres; roots slender,
wiry, not bearing tubercles. Leaves 6-7, firm, linear, glabrous, 8-12 in.
long, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle slender, acutely angled,
leafless, 1 ft. long. Racemes lax, simple, 1-2 in. long; pedicels
ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower geminate, ZA in. long;
bracts small, ovate, brown. Perianth 4 in. long ; segments oblong, with
a 3-nerved red-brown keel. Anthers linear, } in. long, longer than the
glabrous filaments. Capsule subglobose, } in. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1949! Kirk!

Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Muoa, Holst, 3104!

17, A. kemoense, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 19. Rhizome
robust, jointed; radical fibres many; neck slightly setose. Leaves
many, distichous, linear, 14-2 ft. long, under A in, broad, moderately
firm, glabrous. Peduncle compressed, almost winged, about as long as
the leaves. Raceme dense, formed of several many-flowered clusters,
which are sometimes shortly racemose; bracts small, ovate, acute ;
pedicels } in. long, articulated near the base. Perianth-segments
oblong, 8—9-nerved, under 4 in. long. Stamens shorter than the
perianth ; filaments white, flattened ; anthers large, sagittate. Style
long, filiform, curved. Ovules about 20 in a cell,

Lower Guinea. French Congo; mission station of the upper Kemo, a tributary
of the Dua or Mobangi River, Dybowski, 707 !

No specimen at Kew,

18. A. nervosum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 18. Crown
of the root slightly setose. Leaves linear, reaching a length of 16 in,
$ in. broad, distinctly costate, closely ribbed, glabrous. Peduncle

484 — CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

small, deltoid, cuspidate ; flowers many in a cluster; pedicels $ in. long,
articulated above the middle. Perianth white; segments oblong,
3-nerved, } in. long. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ; anthers
linear. Style straight, not overtopping the anthers. Capsule globose-
trigonous, } in. long; faces transversely ribbed.

Lower Guinea. French Congo; mission station of the upper Kemo, Dybowski,
753!

No specimen at Kew.

19. A. acuminatum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx.411. Root-
leaves few, linear, acuminate, glabrous, 4—1 ft. long, 4—} in. broad.
Peduncle naked, subterete, nearly 1 ft. long. Raceme simple, moder-
ately dense, 24-4 in. long; pedicels short, solitary, articulated below
the middle; lower bracts 1 in. long, subulate from a broad base.
Perianth nearly 4 in. long; segments lanceolate, 3-nerved in the green
keel. Anthers linear, above } in. long, longer than the glabrous
filaments.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Taita Mountains, Gregory !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, Taylor !

20. A. nubicum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 301. Rootstock
tuberous, crowned with copious bristles. Leaves linear, membranous,
4 ft. long, 4 in. broad low down, tapering to the point. Peduncle
6-8 in. long, slender, fragile, terete, bearing 2—3 reduced leaves. `
Racemes very lax, simple or forked, 4 ft. long; pedicels short, articu-
lated at the middle, the lower 2—3-nate. Perianth }in. long ; segments
oblanceolate, white, with a 3-nerved brown keel. Stamens half as long
as the perianth ; anthers linear, convolute spirally as they fade, as long
as the filiform glabrous filaments.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Moru; Neangara, Petherick !

21. A. Bragee, Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 138. Rhizome thick.
Leaves linear, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad. Peduncle as long as
the leaves, slightly compressed, at first pubescent upwards; bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, scariose, the lower longer than the buds ; pedicels
short, the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth above } in. long; segments with
a purple 3-nerved keel. Filaments as long as the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Beira, Braga !

No specimen at Kew.

22. A. matabelense, Baker. Root not seen. Leaves linear, rigid,
glabrous, 1 ft. long, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle long, slender,
terete in the lower half, acutely angled upwards. Panicle composed
of several very lax few-flowered racemes, 2-3 in. long ; pedicels } in.
long, articulated below the middle, geminate; bracts minute, ovate.
Perianth 3 in, long; segments oblanceolate, with a laxly 5-nerved red-
brown keel. Anthers linear, 4 in. long, as long as the glabrous
filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Matabeleland, banks of the Matengwe
River, Holub !

Anthericum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 485

23. A. purpuratum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 413.
Leaves linear, subrigid, glabrous, 1 ft. long, ł in. broad. Peduncle
naked, flattened, about as long as the leaves. Raceme simple, } ft.
long ; pedicels short, articulated at the middle, lower geminate; bracts
small, purple, ovate, acuminate. Perianth 4 in. long; segments linear-
lanceolate, purple at the base and on the keel. Stamens nearly as long
as the perianth ; anthers linear, } in. long; filaments flattened, spotted
with crimson.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Taita Mountains, Gregory !

No specimen at Kew.

24. A. uyuiense, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 415. Root-
fibres slender; neck crowned with short bristles. Leaves 5 to a
stem, linear, glabrous, the longest 20-22 in. long, 24-4 lin. broad.
Peduncle naked, shorter than the leaves, flattened upwards, not winged.
Raceme simple, 4 in. long; rhachis not flexuose ; pedicels short, ascend-
ing, articulated below the middle, lower geminate ; bracts small, ovate-
acuminate. Perianth 4-3 in. long; segments linear-oblong, 5-nerved
in the purple keel. Stamens as long as the perianth ; anthers linear,
above } in. long; filaments flattened, glabrous.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, Taylor !

No specimen at Kew.

25. A. monophyllum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 324. Rootstock
a globose tuber crowned with many fine bristles ; root-fibres slender.
Stem slender, angled, pubescent, 4 in. long, with a sheath at the base
and a single lanceolate glabrous coriaceous leaf 6-9 in. long, with a
clasping base from the middle. Raceme simple, moderately dense,
1-3 in. long ; rhachis pubescent; pedicels ascending, articulated at the
middle, Li in. long, all solitary; bracts lanceolate or linear from a
broad base, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth 3-4 in. long; segments
linear-oblong, with a 3-nerved brown keel. Anthers linear, } in. long,
as long as the glabrous filament.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1793!

26. A. caulescens, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 303. Root-
fibres fleshy, cylindrical. Root-leaves about 3, lanceolate, membranous,
glabrous, not ciliated on the margin, the longest 1 ft. long, ł-1 in. broad.
Stem long, slender, bearing 3—4 large leaves of similar texture. Racemes
very lax, the lower } ft. long, forming a panicle 1 ft. long; pedicels
ascending, 4—2 in. long, articulated at the middle, the lower 5—4-nate ;
bracts minute, ovate, cuspidate. Perianth } in. long; segments linear,
with a 3-nerved green keel. Stamens distinctly shorter than the
perianth; anthers minute, oblong, much shorter than the glabrous
filaments. Capsule globose, } in. long.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1515!

27. A. triphyllum, Baker. Rootstock tuberous, fibres slender,

wiry. Produced leaves about 3, with a long sheathing base and a sub-
coriaceous glabrous lanceolate blade 4-6 in. long, 4-3 in. broad at the

486 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

middle, with raised veins and thickened stramineous edges. Peduncle
slender, pubescent, deeply grooved, 6-8 in. long. Raceme simple,
moderately dense, 3—4 in. long; pedicels very short, articulated, lower
geminate ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, lower 4—3 in. long. Perianth
4 in. long ; segments lanceolate, with 3 brown ribs in the keel. Anthers
linear, } in. long, much exceeding the glabrous filaments.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; at the River Jur, Schweinfurth, 1581!
1739!

28. A. speciosum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 413, t. 33.
Root-fibres many, slender ; root-neck crowned with bristles. Leaves 8,
distichous, glabrous, the largest sheathing the stem for 1 ft. and with a
free blade about as long and above 1 in. broad. Peduncle 14 ft. long,
flattened and acutely angled ; edges minutely ciliated. Raceme simple,
moderately dense, 4—5 in. long ; pedicels short, erecto-patent, solitary or
geminate ; upper bracts small, ovate; lower lanceolate, as long as the
pedicels. Perianth 4 in. long; segments 5—7-nerved in the dark red
keel. Anthers linear, above } in. long, longer than the glabrous fila-
ments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor !

No specimen at Kew.

29. A. usseramense, Baker. Root not seen. Leaves several to a
stem, erect, ensiform, 1} ft. long, 3-1 in. broad low down, tapering
gradually to the point, moderately firm, glabrous, distinctly costate,
closely distinctly veined. Peduncle long, flattened. Racemes moderately
dense, panicled; bracts small, ovate-lanceolate ; pedicels short, ascending,
articulated at the middle, the lower geminate. Perianth greenish-white,
in. long; segments oblong. Anthers linear-oblong, } in. long; fila-
ments short. Capsule ovoid-trigonous, } in. long.

Nile Land. German East Africa: Usseramo; at Bunha, Stuhlmann, 7014!

No specimen at Kew.

30. A.Buchanani, Baker.— Root-fibres wiry, not bearing tubercles;
old leaves splitting into fibres. Leaves 5-6 in a tuft, oblanceolate, 2 ft.
long, 14 in. broad above, thin, glabrous, narrowed gradually to the
channelled base, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle stout, stiffly
erect, shorter than the leaves. Raceme simple or panicled, 3-6 in. long;
pedicels short, ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower 2—3-nate ;
bracts lanceolate, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments
laxly 3-5-nerved in the red-brown keel. Anthers linear, } in. long,
longer than the glabrous filaments. Capsule subglobose, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 201!

31. A. milanjianum, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv.
51. Leaves linear, subrigid, glabrous, sheathing the base of the stem,
the longest 1} ft. long, 3 1 in. broad. Peduncle compressed, about 1 ft.

Anthericum. | CXL. LILIACEA (BAKER). 487

long, with one empty bract half-way up. Panicle 3-4 in. long, formed

of a few short few-flowered ascending branches; pedicels short, articu-

lated at the middle. Perianth } in. long; segments with a 7-nerved

green keel. Anthers 4 in. long ; filaments filiform, glabrous. Capsule

in. long.

gebeten Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Mount Mlanje, Whyte,
No specimen at Kew.

32. A. Giryameze, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 412. Rhizome
stout ; root-fibres many, cylindrical. Leaves 3 to a stem, lanceolate,
plicate, rigid, glabrous, with a thickened margin, 1-1} ft. long, 1 in.
broad. Peduncle 3 ft. long, much compressed, acutely angled. Panicles
in the axils of distant bracts; flower bracts minute, ovate, reddish.
Perianth nearly 4 in. long ; segments oblong-lanceolate, tinged with red,
5-7-nerved in the keel. Anthers linear, 4 in. long, twice as long as the
flattened glabrous filaments.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Giryama and Shimba Hills, near Mombasa,
Taylor !

No specimen at Kew.

33. A. orchideum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot.i. 258. Rootstock tuberous, oblique, sending out long slender root-
fibres; neck crowned with copious fibres. Leaves laxly disposed over
the lower part of the stem, oblong, acute, 4-9 in. long, 14-1} in.
broad, subcoriaceous, glabrous, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle
3-8 in. long, subterete, not angled upwards. Raceme dense, usually
simple, 3—4 in. long; pedicels ascending, articulated at the middle,
4-4 in. long; bracts large, lanceolate, longer than the buds. Perianth
4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, white, with a laxly-nerved red-
brown keel. Stamens much shorter than the perianth; anthers as
long as the glabrous filaments. Capsule globose, } in. diam.; valves
horizontally plicate.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla; at the foot of the Serra de Monino, in damp
grassy places, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3806 !

34. A. superpositum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 324. Rootstock
and root-leaves not seen. Peduncle 2—24 ft. long, stiffly erect, bearing
3—4 sessile oblong acute subcoriaceous glabrous leaves, 3—6 in. long,
12-21 lin. broad at the middle, with thickened stramineous margins.
Racemes 1-3, lax, 2-3 in. long ; pedicels short, ascending, articulated at
the middle, the lower 3—4-nate; lower bracts lanceolate, as long as the
pedicels. Perianth } in. long; segments linear, with a green keel.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers small. Capsule sub-
globose, 4 in. diam.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam ; by the River Ibba, Schweinfurth,
_ ser, iii, 174!

35. A. benguellense, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 257.
Cxspitose,with slender root-fibres, not bearing tubers ; root-neck crowned

488 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

with bristles. Leaves moderately firm, linear, 3-6 in. Jong, }—4 in.
broad, glabrous on the surfaces, distinctly ciliated on the margin.
Peduncle 3-9 in. long, strongly angled upwards. Racemes short, lax,
simple or branched; pedicels short, articulated at the middle, lower
2-3-nate ; lower bracts lanceolate, longer than the pedicels. Perianth
4 in. long; segments oblanceolate, with a red-brown 3-5-nerved keel.
Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers oblong, shorter than the
glabrous filaments.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfi. Trop. Afr. 160.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; pastures around Lopollo and Humpata,
3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3794!

36. A. Stuhlmanni, Engl. Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 138. Rhizome oblique,
rather thick. Leaves many, linear-lanceolate, longer than the scape,
minutely ciliated on the margin. Peduncle pubescent, slightly com-
pressed. Lower flowers 2-3-nate; bracts lanceolate; pedicels short.
Perianth above 4 in. long; segments linear-lanceolate, with a 3-nerved
purple keel. Filaments as long as the anthers.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mpororo; Kirere, 4500 ft., Stuhlmann !

No specimen at Kew.

37. A. venulosum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 352.
Root-fibres slender, wiry; neck with a few bristles. Leaves many,
radical, lanceolate, very rigid, crisped, strongly veined, glabrous
on the surface, distinctly ciliated on the margin, 4—1 ft. long, $ in.
broad. Peduncle 6-9 in. long, glabrous, acutely angled upwards.
Racemes simple, lax, 4-6 in. long; pedicels short, articulated at the
middle, 1—-2-nate; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth 4—4 in. long; seg-
ments with a 3—5-nerved red-brown keel. Anthers linear, } in. long,
longer than the glabrous filaments. Capsule small, globose.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Taveta, 2000-3000 ft., Johnston !

38. A. Grantii, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 160, t. 103, B.
Rootstock tuberous ; root-fibres very numerous, slender, not bearing
tubercles ; root-neck with copious bristles. Leaves linear, moderately
firm, densely pubescent on both surfaces, the largest 6-8 in. long, A in.
broad at the middle, narrowed to the sheathing base. Stem slender,
pubescent, acutely angled, 1 ft. long. Raceme lax, simple, 3 in. long;
axis pubescent, flexuose ; pedicels very short, articulated at the middle,
geminate. Perianth 4 in. long; segments oblong-lanceolate, with a
3—5-nerved brown keel. Anthers linear, 4 in. long, equalling the glabrous
filaments.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 303.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uyanzi; at the “ Boss Rock” in the
‘Mgunda Mkali, common in every marsh, 4000 ft., Speke d Grant!

39. A. arenarium, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 259.
Root-fibres very long, densely tufted, bearing tubercles; neck densely
setose. Leaves 3—4, lanceolate, moderately firm, densely pubescent on
both surfaces, } ft. long, 43 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
to the base. Peduncle 1 ft. long, pubescent and acutely angled upwards.

Aniherieunm, CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). 489

Raceme dense, simple, 1-2 in. long; pedicels short, articulated at the
middle, the lower 2-3-nate; bracts lanceolate, pilose, 4-3 in. long.
Perianth 4 in. long; segments with a 5-nerved brown keel. Anthers
linear, 4 in. long, equalling the glabrous filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in thickets in sandy ground
between Candumbe and Lombe, Welwitsch, 3802 !

40. A. sphacelatum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 303. Root-
stock and roots not seen. Leaves lanceolate, 1 ft. long, 3—1 in. broad
at the middle, moderately firm, densely pubescent on both surfaces,
narrowed to the clasping base. Peduncle 1-14 ft. long, stiffly erect,
pubescent, acutely angled. Racemes simple or forked at the base,
moderately dense, 2-4 in. long; rhachis pubescent; pedicels short,
ascending, articulated near the base, the lower 2-3-nate; lower bracts
lanceolate, pubescent, } in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments
lanceolate, white tipped with purple, 5-nerved on the keel. Anthers
linear, } in. long, as long as the glabrous filaments.

Lower Guinea. Angola: seventy miles from Ambriz, Monteiro!

South Central. Congo Free State: at Bolobo, on the River Congo, Johnston !

41. A. angustifolium, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. No. 1623.
Root-fibres few, cylindrical; root-neck crowned with a few broad
membranous scales. Leaves 4-5, narrowly linear, acute, glabrous,
2-3 in. long. Flowers 2-3 in a sessile corymb; pedicels ascending,
l-14 in. long, not articulated. Perianth white, } in. long; segments
linear-oblong, laxly 3-nerved, not keeled with brown. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth ; filaments smooth, slightly flattened ; anthers
yellow, 4, in. long. Style 1} in. long.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.
331; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe, xv. 300.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tigre; on a plateau near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1623!
Wadjerat Province, Quartin-Dillon d Petit, 187!

42. A. humile, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. No. 1369. Root-
fibres few, cylindrical ; root-neck crowned with large white membranous
‘Scales. Leaves 6-8, linear, glabrous, thin, arcuate, 3-6 in. long,
minutely ciliated on the margin. Flowers 6-8 in a sessile corymb ;
pedicels ascending, 1—14 in. long, not articulated. Perianth white, } in.
long; segments linear-oblong, laxly 3-nerved on the back, not keeled
with brown. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; filaments
smooth ; anthers yellow, 1 lin. long. Style 4-} in. long.—A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 331; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 300. Phalangium
humile, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Samen ` meadows near Enjedcap, Schimper, 1369!
and without precise locality, Schimper, 320!

43. A. corymbosum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1877, 71. Root-fibres
many, short, cylindrical, fleshy ` root-neck crowned with copious fibres
and large membranous scales. Leaves 5-6, narrowly linear, 2-3 in.
long, glabrous on the surface, distinctly ciliated on the margin.

490 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

Peduncle very slender, 14 in. long. Flowers 3-4, corymbose ; pedicels
ascending, A 2 in. long, not articulated; bracts linear, as long as the
pedicels. Perianth 4 in. long; segments oblanceolate, white, with a
3—5-nerved green keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers
linear, 4 in. long, shorter than the glabrous filaments. Style 4 in. long.
—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160.

Nile Land. Somaliland: near Maid, 5000-6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 1471!

44. A. Jamesii, Baker. Root not seen. Leaves 4, erect, thin,
linear, with a few long hairs on the surface, 4 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad
above the clasping base. Peduncle slender, very short. Racemes lax,.
2—4 in. long, simple or forked at the base ; pedicels ascending, solitary,
not articulated, the lower 4—3 in. long; bracts very minute. Perianth
4 in. long; segments lanceolate, with 3 lax green ribs in the keel.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; anthers linear, } in. long,
curling up spirally as they fade; filaments glabrous, as long as the
anthers.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Hahi and Harradigit, James A: Thrupp !

45. A. gregorianum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 416.
Root-fibres short, stout ` root-neck crowned with membranous scales,
surrounded by bristles. Leaves 4—5, linear, thin, erect, glabrous, 5-7 in.
long, 4 in. broad. Peduncle 5-6 in. long. Raceme corymbose, 5-6-
flowered; lower bracts lanceolate, acuminate, } in. long, half as
long as the ascending pedicels. Perianth 4-5 lin. long; segments
lanceolate, white, with green ribs. Stamens rather shorter than the
perianth ; filaments filiform, rather shorter than the anthers. Style
short.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Kapte plains, on the banks of the River Athi».
Gregory !

No specimen at Kew.

46. A. arvense, Schinz in Verhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx.
216. Root-fibres many, slender; neck crowned with large white
membranous scales. Leaves narrowly linear or subterete, glabrous,
6-8 in. long. Peduncle short, stout, slightly angled. Racemes very
numerous, long, lax, forming a panicle 1-1} ft. long; rhachis slender,
glabrous; pedicels ascending or spreading, the lower ł-1 in. long +
bracts minute, ovate or lanceolate. Perianth } in. long; segments
oblanceolate, obtuse, white with a distinct brown keel. Filaments
sar 4 in. long ; anthers oblong, minute. Capsule subglobose, din.
jam.

Lower Guinea. German South-West Africa: Amboland ; Olukonda, Schinz
22! 19!

An imperfect specimen collected by Dr. Holub in Rhodesia, at Shesheke, op the
Zambesi, probably belongs here.

47. A. flavoviride, Baker. Root-fibres cylindrical ; neck crowned
with large ovate membranous scales. Leaves many, erect, thick,
glabrous, narrowly linear, 1 ft, long, A, in. broad. Peduncle short.

Anthericum. | CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 491

Panicle above 1 ft. diam. ; branches slender, glabrous, lower compound ;
racemes lax, reaching 5-6 in. long; pedicels erecto-patent, solitary,
articulated at the apex; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth bright yellow,
oblong, 4 in. long; segments linear, reflexing, with a green keel.
Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments very scabrous ` anthers
minute, oblong. Style overtopping the anthers. Capsule globose, the
size of a pea.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Zugard,
194!

48. A. pyrenicarpum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 259. Root-tibres slender; root-neck crowned with small
membranous scales. Leaves 6-8, narrowly linear, channelled down the
face, 6-8 in. long, slightly pilose. Peduncles 2—4 in a cluster, 2-3 in.
long, finely pilose. Raceme lax, simple, 2—3 in. long; pedicels }—} in.
long, the lower cernuous ; bracts linear-subulate, as long as the pedicels.
Perianth white, 4 in. long; segments oblanceolate. Stamens } shorter
than the perianth-segments ; anthers minute. Capsule turbinate, } in.
long. Seeds solitary.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in damp pastures, between Humpata and
Gambas, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch !

49. A. elongatum, Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 136. Root-fibres cylin-
drical, not bearing tubers ; neck crowned with large white membranous
scales. Radical leaves 6-12, subterete or narrowly linear, 6-15 in. long,
clothed with fine spreading hairs. Peduncle 3-6 in. long. Racemes
lax, 2-4 in. long, simple or compound; rhachis slender, pubescent ;
pedicels ascending, the lower }-4 in. long; bracts minute, ovate or
lanceolate. Perianth } in. long; segments oblong, white, with a
distinct brown keel. Anthers oblong, minute; filaments scabrous,
4-4 in. long. Capsule turbinate, 4 in. long.—Fl. Cap. vi. 389. A.
jacquinianum, Roem. et Schultes, Syst. Veg. vii. 462; Baker in Journ.
Bot. 1872, 138; Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 308. A. flexifolium, Jacq. Collect.
Suppl. 93; Ic.t. 412, non Linn. Trachyandra Jacquinii, Kunth, Enum.
iv. 578.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo and Huilla; in damp sandy soil,
Welwitsch, 3788! 3789! 3790! 3791! 3799! Newton!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Beira, Braga! British Central
Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5000-6000 ft., Carson, 47! 53!

Also in South Africa.

50. A. Oatesii, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 324. Neck of the root
crowned with large membranous scales. Leaves 5-6, erect, subterete,
channelled down the face, 5—6 in. long, clothed with fine white spreading
or deflexed hairs. Peduncle slender, glabrous, as long as the leaves.
Raceme simple, lax, 4-6 in. long; pedicels erecto-patent, the lower
6-9 lin. long; bracts minute, lanceolate. Perianth ZA in. long;
segments linear-oblong, with a distinct brown keel. Stamens nearly as

492 CXL, LILIACE£ (BAKER). [ Anthericum.

long as the perianth ; filaments scabrous, much longer than the minute
oblong anthers.—Rolfe in Oates, Mateb. edit. 2, 411, t. 13.
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Matebeleland, Oates ! Elliott !

51. A. Saltii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 309. Leaves 6-8,
thin, linear, 1 ft. long, A in. broad, clothed all over with spreading or
deflexed soft hairs. Peduncle pubescent, A ft. long. Raceme simple,
3 in. long, lax in the lower half; rhachis pilose; bracts lanceolate-
cuspidate, 1-1 in. long ; pedicels solitary, articulated at the apex, the
lower 4-4 in. long. Perianth white, Lin. long; segments with a distinct
brown keel. Stamens scarcely shorter than the perianth; filaments
densely muricated.

Nile Land. Abyssinia, Soit ! in the British Museum.

52. A. malosanum, Baker. Bases of old leaves not breaking up
into fibres. Basal leaves many to a stem, moderately firm, narrowly
linear, 6-9 in. long, clothed with fine spreading hairs. Peduncles
densely pubescent, simple or forked, about as long as the leaves.
Racemes very lax, $-1 ft. long; bracts small, ovate, white with a
distinct green keel; pedicels solitary, } in. long, deflexed in the fruiting
stage, articulated at the apex. Perianth } in. long; segments oblong,
white tinged with orange, with a very distinct 1-nerved green keel.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers oblong, rather shorter
than the filaments. Capsule globose, muricated, the size of a small pea.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Malosa, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte !

53. A. taylorianum, Rendle in. Journ. Linn. Soc. XXX. 415.
Tufted, from a much-branched woody knotted rhizome, with wiry root-
fibres. Leaves linear, thin, glabrous, the largest above 1 ft. long,
6-8 lin. broad, ciliate on the midrib and crisped margins. Peduncle
flattened downwards, 6 in. long, covered with farinaceous pubescence.
Raceme simple, 5-6 in. long; bracts deltoid-subulate, the lower above
4 in. long; pedicels articulated at the middle, solitary, the lowest 4-4} in.
long. Perianth } in. long; segments lanceolate, 3—5-nerved, keeled
with brown. Filaments subulate, scabrous; anthers linear. Capsule
subglobose-trigonous, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor !
No specimen at Kew.

54. A. nidulans, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 314. Rootstock
thick, creeping ; tufts of leaves surrounded by copious short bristles.
Leaves narrowly linear, firm, glabrous, 9-15 in. long. Peduncle slender,
terete, glabrous, 3-12 in. long. Racemes moderately dense, 1-3 1n.
long, simple or sparsely panicled ; rhachis angled, glabrous ; pedicels
very short, articulated at the middle, the lower 3-4-nate; bracts small,
ovate, white, scariose, several to a node. Perianth seen only in an early
stage ; segments oblong, distinctly keeled with green. Filaments long ;
anthers linear.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; summit of Mount Chirad-
zulu, Meller !

Anthericum. | CXL, LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 493

55. A. triflorum, Ait. Hort. Kewi. 448. Root-fibres many, slender,
not bearing tubers ; neck crowned by a dense ring of bristles. Leaves
firm, linear, glabrous, 1 ft. or more long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle
1-1} ft. long, strongly angled upwards. Raceme dense, simple, 3-6 in.
long ; rhachis flexuose, glabrous; pedicels short, ascending, single or
2-nate, articulated at the middle ; bracts small, ovate, scariose. Perianth
3-3 in. long; segments lanceolate, with a laxly 5-7-nerved red-brown
keel. Anthers linear, } in. long; filaments as long. Capsule oblong-
trigonous.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 315; FI. Cap. vi. 383. A.
Cameroni, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xv. 314.

Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfund, 467! 856! British East Africa: Jur; Jur
Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1977! Bongo; at the Lesi River, Schweinfurth, 3977!
Uganda, Lugard !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, 4000-5000 ft:, Scott-Elliot,
8122! Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo,
5000-6000 ft., Carson, 51! Nyasaland ; Tanganyika Plateau, at Fort Hill, 3500-
4000 ft. Whyte ! Songui and Karonga, 1700-2000 ft., Whyte ! Mount Malosa, 4000-
6000 ft., Whyte !

Also in South Africa.

56. A. molle, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 259. Root-
fibres many, long, slender, bearing small tubers near the end; tufts of
leaves surrounded by a few fibres. Leaves lanceolate, 2-3 in. long,
densely clothed with fine spreading white hairs, narrowed gradually into
a slender petiole as long as the blade. Peduncle slender, hairy, shorter
than the leaves. Racemes 1-14 in. long, simple or forked; pedicels
ascending, lower 2—3-nate, 4—-} in. long, articulated at the middle;
bracts small, ovate, cuspidate, green, densely hairy. Perianth 4 in.
long; segments white, with a 5-nerved brown keel. Anthers } in.
long, longer than the scabrous filaments. Capsule globose, 4 in. long.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo; near the Fort, frequent in dry
stony soil, Welwitsch, 3780!

57. A. Whytei, Baker. Rootstock not seen. Leaves linear,
moderately firm, above 1 ft. long, }—} in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to a very narrow base, with a very distinct midrib and close
fine veins densely clothed with short soft hairs. Peduncle flattened,
narrowly winged, simple, 1 ft. long. Raceme simple, 2-5 in. long,
dense upwards ; bracts small, ovate, scariose, many in a cluster, white
tipped with dark brown ; pedicels short, articulated at the middle, the
lower 2-3-nate. Perianth-segments oblong, ł in. long, white with a
many-nerved pale brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ;
anthers large, white, linear, much longer than the filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba and
vicinity, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte !

14. CHLOROPHYTUM, Ker; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Plant. iii. 788.

Perianth polyphyllous, not twisting ; segments subequal, oblong or
linear-oblong, 3—5-nerved in the keel. Stamens 6, shorter than the

494 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Chlorophytum.

perianth, hypogynous or attached to the base of the segments ; filaments
filiform or slightly flattened ; anthers linear, erect, dehiscing down the
face. Ovary sessile or subsessile, globose, 3-celled; ovules few or many
in a cell; style filiform; stigma minute, capitate. Capsule deeply
lobed, acutely angled, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds compressed ; testa
black ; albumen firm; embryo nearly as long as the albumen,—Root-
stock not bulbous ; root-fibres many, usually fleshy or bearing small
tubers. Leaves linear, lanceolate or oblong, often thin and petiolate.
Peduncle naked or bearing a few reduced leaves. Racemes simple or
panicled: pedicels articulated, the lower usually 2—4-nate. Flowers
small, white or greenish-white.

Species 70-80, concentrated in the Tropical regions of the Old World.

*Leaves thin, distinctly petiolate, laxly veined.
Leaves linear.
Peduncle short . : 3 i : : . 1. C. fusiforme.
Peduncle long. é : : : : . 2, C. ramiferum.
Leaves lanceolate,
Leaf-blade 4-6 in. long.

Raceme dense . : . 3. O Afzelii.
Raceme dense upwards, le downwards í . 4. C. miserum.
Raceme lax.
Leaves glabrous,
Blade broadest near the base . S . 5. C. alismefolium.

Blade broadest at the middle.
Blade Z 5 in. broad 6. C. Holstii.
Blade 1 in. broad . : ; . 7. C. brevipes.
Leaves villous beneath . : $ ; . 8. C. bracteatum,
Leaf-blade 6-9 in. long.
Raceme dense . S S . f . 9. C. scabrum.
Raceme very lax. - A . : . 10. C. sparsiflorum.
Leaf-blade very long : 11. C. macrophyllum.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong- lanceolate.
Flowers very small,
Blade 2 in, broad . - ; ` . 12. C. lancifolium.
Blade 134-2 in. broad,
Raceme simple,

Petiole as long as the blade : S . 13. C. Mannii.
Petiole much shorter than the blade . . 14. C. thollonianum,
Racemes panicled . 4 d > S . 15. C. Carsoni.
Flowers medium-sized,
Blade 1 in. broad . > : : . 16. C. inornatum.
Blade 2 in, broad,
Raceme usually simple . - : : . 17. C. filipendulum.
Racemes many, panicled : : : . 18. C. Orchidastrum.
Blade 23-3 in. broad : : : - . 19. C. petiolatum.
Flowers larger, about 4 in. long . i . 20. C. moniliforme.

Leaves thin, not distinctly petioled, laxly veined.
Pedicels not articulated. Inflorescence corymbose.
Filament as long as the anther. S . 21. C. tetraphyllum.
Filament twice the length of the anther ` . 22. 0. Schimperi.
Pedicels articulated. Inflorescence racemose.
Leaves 3—4, superposed.
Flowers greenish.

Chlorophytum. |

Lower leaf cordate-ovate
Lower leaf oblong-lanceolate
Flowers yellow S e
Leaves basal.
Peduncle short,
Racemes dense.
Perianth 4 in. long
Perianth 4 in. long.
Leaves 1-1} in. broad.
Perianth white .
Perianth greenish.
Perianth-segments lanceolate .

Perianth-segments oblong-lanceolate
. 30:
. ol.

Leaves 2 in, broad - 4
Raceme lax .
Peduncle long.
Perianth 4 in. long.
Leaves 1-14 ft. long . = ` 5
Leaves 6-8 in. long.
Root-fibres not bearing tubers
Root- Da bearing tubers
Perianth 4—4 in. long.
Pidie p Ge
Peduncle glabrous.
Leaves ciliated
Leaves not ciliated,
Leaves linear
Leaves lanceolate.

Keel of perianth-segments l-nerved .
< ULE
. 40.

Keel of perianth-segments 3-nerved
Perianth 4—4 in. long . . >
“* Leaves firm, linear, “closely veined.

Leaves pubescent over the surface.
Perianth + in. long
Perianth i in. long

Leaves ciliated on the margin,

Pedicels very short . é .

Lower pedicels as long as the flowers.
Perianth-segments oblong
Perianth-segments linear .

Leaves glabrous, not ciliated on the margin,
Racemes simple, lax. : . :
Racemes simple, dense.

Leaves 4-1 ft. long .
Leaves 14-2 ft. long
Racemes forked .
Racemes panicled.
Perianth glabrous,
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate .
Bracts ovate, minute
Perianth pubescent .

CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER),

. 36

. 23.
. 24, C. blepharophyllum.
. 25.

29.

. 32.

. 33.
. 34,

. 35.

- 3f.

38.

47.

- 48.
- 49,

, 50.
> 5L.
. 52.

1. C. fusiforme, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc.

stock tuberous, 4 in. diam. ;

root-fibres thick, fusiform.

495

C. amplexicaule.

C. vaginatum.

. C. pusillum,

. C. brachystachyum.

. C. stenopetalum,

C. Menyharthi.
C. Schweinfurthii,
C. laxum.

C, gallabatense,

C. ukambense.
C. bukobense,

C. puberulum,

C. ciliatum,

C. tenuifolium.

C. floribundum,

C. Kirkii.
C. andongense.

. O, vestitum,
. C. Fischeri.

. C. longifolium,

C. affine.

. O. brunneum,

. C. micranthum.

C. tuberosum,
C. suffruticosum.
C. rhizomatosum,

C. viridescens,
C. polystachyum.
C. pubiflorum.

xxx. 419. Root-
Leaves 5-6 to

496 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). [ Chlorophytum.

a stem, linear, 6-8 in. long, 4 in. broad, narrowed into a short petiole,
glabrous on the upper surface, hairy on the conspicuous ribs beneath.
Peduncle pubescent, 2 in. long. Raceme nearly as long as the peduncle,
15-16-flowered ; bracts ovate, acuminate, the lowest lanceolate, ? in.
long; pedicels solitary or geminate, articulated below the middle.
Perianth 3 in. long; segments lanceolate, 3-5-nerved in the keel.
Anthers 4 in. long, as long as the filaments.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

2. C. ramiferum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 421. Root-
stock stout, finely setose at the crown; root-fibres long, fusiform below
the tip. Leaves 7—9 to a stem, membranous, linear, 1 ft. or more long,
6-8 lin. broad, narrowed into a petiole 2-3 in. long. Peduncle leafless,
8-10 in. long. Racemes 3-4, lax, forming a panicle nearly 1 ft. long;
bracts ovate, cuspidate, 4—5 lin. long; pedicels 3-nate, articulated near
the apex. Perianth } in. long; segments lanceolate, 5-nerved in the
brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers 1-1} lin.
long, shorter than the filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

3. C. Afzelii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 323. Root-fibres
cylindrical, fleshy. Leaves with a distinct petiole 2-5 in. long, and a
thin glabrous lanceolate blade 5—6 in. long, 1-1} in. broad at the middle,
narrowed gradually to the apex and base. Peduncle 1-2 in. long.
Raceme dense, simple, oblong, 2-3 in. long; pedicels very short, ascend-
ing, articulated near the apex, the lower 3—4-nate ; bracts small, deltoid-
cuspidate. Flowers not seen. Capsule obovoid, emarginate, $ in. long,
4 in. diam.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: under trees, at Wallia, Scott-Elliot, 4642!
and without precise locality, Afzelius! Don! Barry !

4, C. miserum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 420. Root-fibres
short, tuberous at the tip. Leaves 4, lanceolate, ciliated on the edge,
4-5 in. long, 8 lin. broad, narrowed into a petiole 14 in. long. Peduncle
5-6 in. long. Raceme simple, 3—4 in. long, dense in the upper part,
lax downwards ; pedicels short, 3-nate, articulated above the middle;
bracts lanceolate, acuminate, the lower ł}—} in. long. Perianth 4 in.
long; segments oblong-lanceolate, 2—3-nerved on the keel. Anthers
very small; filaments flattened.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor !

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

5. C. alismzefolium, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 324. Root-
stock oblique, cylindrical; root-fibres few, long, slender, bearing tubers
at the end. Leaves 4-6 to a tuft; petiole distinctly channelled, 3-4 In.
long; blade thin, glabrous, lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, ł in. broad low
down, narrowed gradually to the acuminate apex, rather rounded at the

Chlorophytum. | CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). 497

base. Peduncle short, slender. Raceme very lax, usually simple, 4—6
in. long; bracts lanceolate, the lower }-} in. long; pedicels very short,
articulated at the middle, the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth white, } in.
long; segments narrow, 3-nerved in the keel. Anthers small, oblong.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Bipinde, Zenker, 866! Batanga, Bates, 321!

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: banks of the Gaboon River, Mann, 1030! on rocks in
the river bank at Mfoa, 85 miles east of Gaboon, Bates, 524! Island of Ndjole,
Ogowe River, Thollon, 722 !

6. C. Holstii, Zngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 140. Root-fibres long, wiry,
spreading, branched. Leaves about 6 to a tuft; petiole 3 in. long;
blade moderately firm, lanceolate, glabrous, 4—5 in. long, 4-8 in. broad
at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base and apex. Peduncle
slender, glabrous, angled, deeply sulcate, shorter than the leaves.
Raceme simple, lax ; bracts lanceolate, lower 4 in. long; pedicels very
short, lower fascicled. Perianth } in. long; segments linear-oblong.
Anthers small, oblong, as long as the filaments.

_Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara ; Amboni, Holst, 2674!

7. C. brevipes, Baker. Rootstock oblique ; root-fibres wiry. Leaves
many to a stem ; petiole slender, 4 ft. long ; blade membranous, glabrous,
lanceolate, 4 ft. long, 1 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to
the base and acute apex. Peduncle slender, 6-8 in. long, bearing 1-2
empty bracts. Raceme simple, very lax, finally 8-9 in. long; bracts
small, ovate or lanceolate ` lower pedicels 2—3-nate, 4 in. long, articulated
at the middle. Perianth 4 in. long; segments linear. Capsule 4 in.
long, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua; Namuli Hills, Last /

8. C. bracteatum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 21. Root-
stock short, oblique; root-fibres thickened; neck not setose. Leaves
many ` petiole channelled, 3-8 in. long; blade lanceolate, 3-7 in. long,
reaching 1 in. or more in breadth, 12—15-nerved, membranous, slightly
villous beneath. Peduncles 2-3, short, glabrous. Raceme very lax,
E? long; bracts lanceolate, the lower above 1 in. long; pedicels short,
2~3-nate, articulated above the middle. Perianth white, } in. long;
Segments linear, Stamens nearly as long as the perianth,

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Baier, 1314 (ex Hua).

Lower Guinea. French Congo; Ngoma, Lecomte, B104!

9. C. scabrum, Baker. Rootstock tuberous, crowned with
ovate scales; root-fibres many, slender. Leaves 6—8 to a stem; petiole
3-4 in. long, channelled down the face; blade oblong-lanceolate, firm,
scabrous, 6-9 in. long, 14-2 in. broad above the middle, narrowed very
gradually to the base, not ciliated on the margin, with close raised
densely pubescent ribs on the under surface. Peduncle very short.

ceme dense, simple, oblong, 2 in. long; pedicels short, ascending,
articulated above the middle, the lower geminate ; bracts small. Flowers
not seen. Capsule subglobose, } in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch, 3805!

VOL, VII. 2E

498 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Chlorophytum.

10. C. sparsiflorum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 325. Root-
fibres long, slender, bearing tubers at the middle. Leaves about 5 to
a stem; petiole slender, 4-5 in. long; blade membranous, glabrous,
lanceolate, 6-7 in. long, 15—20 lin. broad at the middle, acute, narrowed
very gradually to the base. Peduncles 3 to a tuft, very slender, 4—6 in.
long. Racemes very lax, 4 ft. long, simple or forked at the base ; lower
bracts lanceolate, 4 in. long ; pedicels short, articulated as the middle,
the lower 3-4-nate. Flower not seen. Capsule } in. long, } in. diam,

Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 388!

11. ©. macrophyllum, Aschers. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop.
294. Root-fibres long, slender, not bearing tubers. Leaves 4-5 to a
stem ` petiole channelled, $-1 ft. long; blade membranous, lanceolate,
glabrous, 1-14 ft. long, 2—3 in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the base and apex. Peduncle 4-1 ft. long, naked or
bracteate. Raceme simple or branched at the base, dense, finally
6-8 in. long; pedicels ascending, articulated, 1-4 in. long, the lower
fascicled ; bracts lanceolate, the lower 3-1 in. long. Perianth 4 in.
long; segments lanceolate, with a laxly 3-5 nerved brown keel.
Anthers linear, } in. long, as long as the filaments. Capsule } in.
long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 323. Anthericum macrophyllum,
A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 334.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter !

Nile Land. Galabat: banks of the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 7! Abyssinia :
near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1837! and without precise locality, Quartin-Dillon g
Petit, 183 (82)! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2051:
Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !

Lower Guinea. Angola, Welwitsch, 3771! Malange, Teuscz ! Büttner, 534!

South Central. South-East region of the Congo Free State, west of the
Lualaba River, Pogge, 1479 !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; below Marangu, 4000 ft.,
Volkens, 2136 ! and by the Dehu or Mue River, at the foot of Kilimanjaro, 2900 ft.,
Volkens, 2178! Usambara; Magila, Kirk! Portuguese East Africa : Morambala
Mountain, 1500 ft., Kirk !

12. ©. lancifolium, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 260. Root-fibres many, cylindrical, not bearing tubers. Leaves
about 6 to a stem; petiole slender, distinct, 5-6 in. long ; blade ovate-
lanceolate, thin, glabrous, 3—5 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, acuminate,
cuneate or rather rounded at the base. Peduncle slender, 3—4 in. long.
Raceme simple, very lax, 4-1 ft. long; bracts small, lanceolate ;
pedicels very short, articulated, the lower 3—4-nate. Perianth greenish-
white, 4 in. long ; segments linear. Capsule globose, 4 in. long.

Lower Guinea, Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3772! 3773!

13. C. Mannii, Baker. Root-fibres dense, cylindrical. Leaves
about 5 to a stem; petiole distinct, 6-8 in. long, dilated and clasping
the stem low down; blade thin, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, Seier
6-8 in. long, 18-21 lin. broad below the middle, rather rounded at the
base. Peduncle slender, as long as the petiole. Raceme simple, very

Chlorophytum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 499

lax, 6-8 in. long ; bracts lanceolate, the lower 4 in. long ; pedicels short,

articulated below the apex, the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth greenish-

white, 4 in. long; segments oblanceolate, keeled with brown. Stamens

as long as the perianth ; anthers much shorter than the filaments.
Lower Guinea, Gaboon: banks of the Gaboon River, Mann !

14. C. thollonianum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franc. Lil. 20,
Rhizome oblique ; crown not setose ` root-fibres many, long, sometimes
thickened. Leaves 3-6; petiole channelled, 2-4 in. long; blade
oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 in. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, acute
or acuminate; ribs about 20. Peduncle simple, 6—8 in. long, bearing
2-3 adpressed lanceolate bract-leaves. Raceme simple, lax, 8-10 in.
long; bracts minute; pedicels 3-4-nate, about as long as the bracts,
articulated at the middle. Perianth + in. long, greenish ; segments
oblong, 3-nerved. Capsule } in. long. Seeds 3-5 in a cell.

Lower Guinea. Southern French Congo: on the banks of streams in the
forest of Mayumba, Thollon, 1225! and region of the River Niari, at Niounrou,
Lecomte, 13!

No specimen at Kew,

15. ©. Carsoni, Baker. Root-fibres long, fleshy, cylindrical.
Leaves about 6 to a stem; petiole slender, 3-6 in. long; blade thin,
glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, } ft. long, 2 in. broad low down, broadly
rounded at the base. Peduncle 6-8 in. long, leafless. Racemes many,
very lax, ascending, 3-6 in. long, forming a rhomboid panicle; lower
bracts lanceolate, 4—3 in. long; pedicels ascending, articulated at the
middle, the lower 1 in. long, 2-3-nate. Perianth } in. long, dull
greenish. Anthers as long as the filaments,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5000-6000 ft.,
Carson, 29 of 1893 collection !

Very near C, Orchidastrum, but the leaves broadly rounded at the base,

16. C. inornatum, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1071. Root-fibres
densely fascicled, fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves 6-8 to a stem; petiole
distinct, 3-4 in. long, sheathing the stem at the base; blade mem-
branous, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6-8 in. long, an inch
broad below the middle, narrowed gradually at the base. Peduncle
slender, 4—1 ft. long. Raceme lax, 6-8 in. long, simple or forked at
the base; bracts lanceolate, the lower }—} in. long; pedicels short,
ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower 3-4-nate. Perianth
greenish-white, }-1 in. long; segments lanceolate. Anthers rather
shorter than the filaments. Capsule } in. long.—Roem. et Schultes,
Syst. Veg. vii. 453; Kunth, Enum, iv. 603; Baker in Journ, Lann,
Soe. xv. 324.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Afzelius !

17. CG filipendulum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc, ser. 2, Bot. i. 260.
Rootstock oblique; root-fibres slender, bearing tubers near the end.
Leaves 6-8 to a stem; petiole winged, 3-4 in. long, clasping the stem

500 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Chlorophytum.

low down; blade thin, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, 6-9 in. long, 14-2
in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the acuminate apex and
the base. Peduncle }—1 ft. long, naked or bearing a single small leaf.
Raceme lax, } ft. long, usually simple; bracts lanceolate, the lower LA
in. long ; pedicels articulated, the lower 3—4-nate, 4-1} in. long. Perianth
greenish white, }-} in. long; segments 3-nerved in the keel. Anthers
1 lin. long, as long as the filaments. Capsule oblong, 4 in. long.
Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, by wooded streams, Welwitsch, 3776!

18. C. Orchidastrum, Lindl. in Trans. Hort. Soc. vi. 78. Root-
fibres fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves many to a stem; petiole distinct, 6—9
in. long; blade oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, membranous, 8-9 in. long,
about 2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to both ends.
Peduncle slender, 1 ft. or more long. Racemes many, very lax, 4—6 in.
long, forming a lax rhomboid panicle; lower bracts lanceolate, 4-3 in.
long; pedicels ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower 3-4-nate,
ZA in. long. Perianth greenish, }-1 in. long; segments narrow.
Anthers as long as the filaments. Capsule subglobose, } in. long.—
Bot. Reg. t. 813; Roem. et Schultes, Syst. Veg. vii. 453; Kunth,
Enum. iv. 603; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 325, partly.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: on Mount Gonkwi, near Ninia, Talla Hills,
Scott-Elliot, 4995! and without precise locality, Don !

19. ©. petiolatum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 326. Root-fibres
long, cylindrical, thickened at the end. Leaves 4—6 to a stem; petiole
distinct, slender, 6-8 in. long; blade oblong, cuspidate, membranous,
glabrous, 6-7 in. long, 21-3 in. broad at the middle, cuneate or rather
rounded at the base. Peduncle slender, leafless, 8—9 in. long. Racemes 3,
lax, ascending, 4-5 in. long; bracts small, ovate, cuspidate ; pedicels
short, ascending, articulated at the middle, the lower 3—4-nate. Perianth
dull green, } in. long; segments linear. Anther linear, } in. long, as
long as the filaments. Capsule } in. diam.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 191! Cameroon Mountain,
2000 ft., Mann, 2132!

20. C. moniliforme, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 418. Root-
stock tuberous, moniliform ; root-fibres few, fusiform. Produced leaves
3 to a stem, membranous, glabrous, shortly ciliated, the lowest small,
ovate, with a clasping base, the upper lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
3-5 in. long, 9-15 lin. broad, the uppermost with a distinct petiole 1 in.
long. Peduncle 2—4 in. long. Raceme short, simple, 5-flowered ; bracts
ovate, acuminate, white, scariose; pedicels short, solitary, articulated
below the middle. Perianth nearly 4 in. long; segments lanceolate,
3-nerved in the brown keel. Anthers } in. long, nearly as long as the
filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor !

21. C. tetraphyllum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 328. Root-
fibres long, dense, bearing large tubers below the tip. Leaves 4-12 to

Chlorophytum. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER), 501

a stem, thin, glabrous, lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, 4-2 in. broad, narrowed
slightly to the sheathing base, not ciliated on the margin. Peduncle
very short. Flowers many, corymbose; bracts linear, 6-9 lin. long;
pedicels not articulated, }-? in. long. Perianth } in. long; segments
lanceolate, white with a 3-nerved brown keel. Stamens rather shorter
than the perianth ; anther and filament each 1 lin. long. Capsule sub-
globose, 4 in. diam.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 160. Scilla
tetraphylla, Linn. fil. Suppl. 200; Kunth, Enum. iv. 331. Phalangium
abyssinicum, Kunth, Enum. iv. 598. Asphodelus Chamemoly, Hochst.
ex Kunth, Enum. iv. 599. Anthericum Chamemoly, Hochst. ex Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 332.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Habab, 6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 375! Abyssinia: Tigre;
Mount Kubbi, near Adowa, Schimper, 271! Wadjerat, Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 185!
Waldubba, Steudner, 460! Amhara; Jenda, Stewdner, 461! and without precise
locality, Schimper, 3224! 3228!

22. C. Schimperi, ngl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 161. Root-
fibres many, long, fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves many to a rosette, thin,
lanceolate, glabrous, laxly nerved, 3—4 in. long, 4 in. broad above the
middle, narrowed gradually to the apex and channelled base. Flowers
few in a nearly sessile corymb; pedicels long, not articulated; bracts
large, lanceolate. Perianth 4 in. long; segments lanceolate, white with
a brown keel. Stamens distinctly shorter than the perianth ; filaments
twice as Jong as the oblong anthers.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Gafat, 8000-9000 ft., Schimper, 1203 of
1863 collection !

23. C. amplexicaule, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 325.
Leaves about 3, clasping the lower part of the stem, superposed, chart-
aceous, glabrous, the lower cordate-ovate, the upper oblong, acute, 6—8
in. long, 1-14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base.
Peduncle hidden by the leaves, 4 ft. long. Racemes lax, simple or
forked, 2-4 in. long; bracts small, deltoid or the lower lanceolate ;
pedicels very short, articulated, the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth } in.
long; segments linear. Capsule oblong, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron !

24. C. blepharophyllum, Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xv. 327. Root-fibres long, slender; root crowned with a dense
mass of bristles. Leaves about 4, sheathing the base of the stem for
some distance, the lowest small, the others lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
moderately firm, glabrous, laxly veined, 4-8 in. long, 4-1} in. broad at
the middle, narrowed to the base. Peduncle slender, shorter than the
leaves. Raceme dense, 2-3 in. long, simple. or forked at the base;
bracts linear or lanceolate from a broad base, the lower 3-1 in. long;
pedicels very short, articulated, the lowest 2-3-nate. Perianth dark
green, 4 in. long; segments linear, 5-nerved in the keel. Anthers
linear, } in. long, longer than the filaments. Capsule deeply emargi-
nate, 4 in. long.

502 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER), [ Chlorophytum.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Falaba, 3500 ft., Scott-Elliot, 5306! near
Makunde, Scott-Elliot, 5703!

Nile Land. Galabat, Schweinfurth, 9! British East Africa: Taita; Ndi
Mountain, Scott-Elliot, 6278 !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot,
8205! British East Africa: Nyasaland; Elephant Marsh, North Nyasa, Scott!
Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 135! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mount

Mlanje, Whyte! Mount Zomba, Whyte & MceClounie ! Fort Johnston, Scott-Elliot,
8407!

25. C. vaginatum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil, 22. Crown
of root densely setose. Produced leaves 3, clasping the base of the
stem, rigid, closely ribbed, ciliated on the margin, the lower small, the
others oblong-lanceolate, 6-10 in. long. Peduncle short, terete, hidden by
the sheathing bases of the leaves. Racemes dense, 2-3 in. long, simple
or forked ; bracts ovate; pedicels very short, fascicled, articulated at the
middle. Perianth-segments yellow, lanceolate, } in. long. Stamens
shorter than the perianth; anthers linear. Style short. Capsule
winged, } in. long. Ovules 10-15 in a cell.

North Central. French Congo: at the Mission Post on the Kemo River, 3
tributary of the Mobangi or Dua River, Dybowski, 744!

No specimen at Kew.

26. C. pusillum, Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 329.
Rootstock an oblong tuber, bearing many slender fibres. Leaves about
4 to a tuft, oblong, spreading, membranous, glabrous, 4-5 in. long by
half as broad, sessile, crisped at the margin. Raceme dense, simple,
1-2 in. long, sessile in the centre of the rosette of leaves ` pedicels short,
clustered, articulated ; bracts lanceolate, membranous, the lower Am,
long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments lanceolate, white with a greenish-
brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers linear,
shorter than the filaments. Capsule globose, } in. diam.

Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2043!

27. C. brachystachyum, Baker in Gard. Chron, 1893, xiii. 710.
Root-fibres cylindrical, fleshy. Leaves 6-8 to a stem, moderately firm,
lanceolate, light green, glabrous, 6-8 in. long, 1-14 in. broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to the apex and sessile base, much crisped
and conspicuously ciliated on the margin. Peduncle very short.
Raceme dense, oblong, branched at the base; pedicels very short, the
lower geminate; lower bracts lanceolate, ciliated. Perianth white, 4 in.
long ; segments oblong, reflexing from a basal cup. Stamens as long
as the perianth ; anthers oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in the autumn of 1893.

28. C. stenopetalum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 331;
Rootstock small, globose ; root-fibres slender, not bearing tubers. Leaves
about 6 to a stem, thin, glabrous, lanceolate, 8-12 in. long, 1-1} in.

Chlorophytum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 503

broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the apex and clasping base.
Peduncle very short. Raceme dense, simple, oblong, 2-3 in. long;
bracts lanceolate, 1} in. long; pedicels very short, the lower 2—3-nate.
Perianth greenish, } in. long; segments lanceolate. Anthers as long
as the filaments.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter !
Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 3768 !
Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland, Buchanan, 753!

29. C. Menyharthi, Schinz mss. in Herb. Hort. Bot. Vind. Root-
fibres dense, cylindrical. Leaves about 6 in a basal rosette, lanceolate,
sessile, membranous, 6—9 in. long, 1-1} in. broad at the middle, nar-
rowed gradually to the base and apex, glabrous on the margin. Peduncle
scarcely any. Raceme dense, simple, oblong, 2-3 in. long; pedicels
very short, erecto-patent, 2—3-nate; bracts lanceolate, longer than the
flowers. Perianth dull greenish, } in. long; segments oblong-lanceolate.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers oblong, small. Cap-
sule subglobose, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Northern Zambesia, Boruma, Meny-
harth, 565!

Flowered in the Vienna Gardens from seeds received in 1891.

Very near the Indian C. breviscapum, Dalz.

30. C. Schweinfurthii, Baker. Root-fibres many, long, slender.
Leaves 5-6 to a stem, oblong-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, not
distinctly petiolate, 12-15 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the acute apex and channelled clasping base. Peduncle
2-3 in. long. Raceme 2-3 in. long, dense, oblong, simple or branched
at the base; pedicels short, ascending, articulated at the middle, the
lower 2-3-nate; bracts lanceolate, the lower $—} in. long. Perianth
tin. long, greenish ; segments linear-oblong. Stamens as long as the
perianth ; anthers linear, rather shorter than the filaments. Capsule
¢ in. long, 4 in. diam.

Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1968! 2068!

31. C. laxum, R. Br. Prodr. 277. Root-fibres very slender.
Leaves many to a tuft, linear, membranous, glabrous, 4-1 ft.
long, 13 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the acute
apex and sheathing base. Peduncle very slender, much shorter than
the leaves. Racemes very lax, simple or forked, 3—12 in. long ; bracts
small, lanceolate, membranous ; pedicels short, articulated at the middle,
the lower geminate. Perianth white, {—} in. long; segments 3-nerved
on the keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers as long
as the filaments. Capsule globose, } in. diam.—C. laxiflorum, Baker
in Journ, Linn. Soe. xv. 328. C. falcatum, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot.
t. 333. C. abyssinicum, Kotschy & Peyr. Plant Tinn. 46. C. parvi-
florum, Hochst. ex Kotschy & Peyr. l.c. under 69, C. sp. C. debile, Baker
in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 260.

504 CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). [ Chlorophytum.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1514! Niger Delta ; Grand
Bassa, Vogel, 41!

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Gursarfa, 3400 ft., Schimper, 2231! British East
Africa: Malinde, at the mouth of the River Sabaki, Kirk !

Lower Guinea. Corisco Bay: River Kongue, Mann, 1876! Loango, Thollon,
1223! Angola, Welwitsch, 3769 !

32. C. gallabatense, Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xv.
325. Rootstock horizontal; root-fibres dense, long, slender. Leaves
6-8 to a stem, thin, glabrous, lanceolate, 1-1} ft. long, 14-2 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed gradually from the middle to the
narrow clasping base, not distinctly petiolate. Peduncle slender, a
foot long below the panicle. Racemes many, slender, ascending, the
end one 6-9 in. long; bracts small, ovate; pedicels short, ascending,
articulated at the middle, the lower 2—3-nate. Perianth dull, greenish-
white, Ä in. long; segments lanceolate. Anthers ;}, in. long, as long
‘as the filaments. Capsule } in. diam.—C. Orchidastrum, Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 325, ex parte: Martelli, Fl. Bogos. 85.

Wile Land, Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth,10! Eritrea: Keren, 4500 ft.,
Beccari, 185! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1894!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi, Lupata, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 199! Zomba and
vicinity, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte! Masuka plateau, 6500-7000 ft. Whyte! Fort
Young, Nicholson ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 57!

33. C. ukambense, Baker. Rootstock a globose tuber ` root-fibres
many, slender, cylindrical, Leaves 6-9 to a stem, oblong-lanceolate,
membranous, glabrous, not distinctly petiolate, 5-6 in. long, ?-14 in.
broad at the middle, laxly and distinctly veined, narrowed gradually to
the base and apex. Peduncle shorter than the leaves. Racemes 3, lax,
the end one much the longest, about 3 in. long; bracts linear, the
lower 4-3 in. long; pedicels very short, the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth
greenish, } in. long; segments oblong. . Anthers minute, oblong, much
shorter than the filaments.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2650!

34. C. bukobense, Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 139. Near C. sparst-
florum, Baker, Root-fibres filiform, bearing tubers at the middle.
Leaves thin, lanceolate, very acute, narrowed gradually to the base,
scarcely half as long as the peduncle. Racemes very lax ; bracts lanceo-
late; pedicels 3-4-nate, articulated above the middle. Flowers small.
Capsule emarginate, } in. long, rather broader than long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe; Bukoba on Lake Victoria
Stuhlmann !

Var. kilimandscharicum, Engl, loc, cit. Leaves 7-8, lanceolate, membranous,
6-8 in. long, 2 in. broad, narrowed gradually to a channelled base. Stem slender,
3-1 ft. long. Raceme simple or forked at the base ` bracts linear, acuminate, the
lower 3-1 in. long; pedicels 4 in. long, lower geminate. Perianth-segments lanceo-
late, } in. long, whitish, with a green keel, Capsule }-} in. diam, more deeply
emarginate ; valves rather broader,

‘Chlorophytum. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 505

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjarc, above Marangu, 6800 ft.,
Volkens, 1294!

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium,

35. C. puberulum, Lgl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 139. Near C.. gallabat-
ense, Schweinf. Rootstock thick; root-fibres filiform; rudimentary
leaves many, very broad. Produced leaves thin, broadly lanceolate,
acuminate, crisped at the broad pale margin, }—} the length of the
peduncle. Peduncle densely pubescent. Racemes dense, ascending,
panicled; bracts lanceolate; pedicels short. Perianth 4 in. long;
segments lanceolate. Filaments as long as the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ukome, Emin Pasha Gulf, Lake
Victoria Nyanza, ex Engler, without mention of the collector,

No specimen in the Kew Herbarium.

36. C. ciliatum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 325. Root-fibres
many, cylindrical; neck crowned with a ring of bristles. Leaves 3—4,
with a sheathing base and a moderately firm lanceolate blade, 4—6 in.
long, 1 in. broad low down, distinctly ciliated on the margin. Peduncle
slender, glabrous, as long as or shorter than the leaves. Racemes
usually simple, dense upwards, about 3 in. long; lower pedicels 3—4-
nate, {1 in. long; bracts small, ovate, membranous. Perianth } in.
long; segments oblong. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth;
anthers linear, as long as the filaments. Capsule } in. long.

Nile Land. Jur: Kutschuk (Kurshook)-Ali, Schweinfurth, 1521!

37. ©. tenuifolium, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 228. Leaves
5-6 to a stem, thin, linear, glabrous, 1-14 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad at the
middle, much narrowed to the base, often crisped towards the margin.
Peduncle long, slender, glabrous, not angled. Raceme lax, cylindrical,
finally 6-9 in. long; bracts minute, ovate-lanceolate; pedicels erecto-
patent, articulated below the middle, all solitary, the lower 4—4 in.
long. Perianth } in. long; segments linear, white, with a green keel.
Anthers small, linear-oblong, much shorter than the glabrous filaments.
Capsule subglobose, deeply emarginate, } in. long.

Nile Land. British Somaliland: Wadaba, Miss Edith Cole! Mrs. E. Lort-
Phillips !

38. C. floribundum, Baker. Leaves membranous, lanceolate,
glabrous, sessile, above a foot long, 1-2 in. broad at the middle, nar-
rowed gradually to a base 7-1 in. broad, laxly veined, not ciliate on the
margin. Inflorescence a panicle composed of 5 lax cylindrical ascending

“racemes a foot long; branch-bracts lanceolate, 3—4 in. long ; lower
flowers 3—4-nate ; pedicels articulated, pubescent, 4—4 in. long; flower-
bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth-segments lanceolate, 4 in. long, with
a faint 1-nerved green keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.
Anthers small ; capsule globose, deeply lobed.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Zomba and vicinity,
2500-3500 ft., Whyte!

506 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Chlorophytum.

39. C. Kirkii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1882, xvii. 108, Root-
fibres densely tufted, cylindrical, not bearing tubers. Leaves about
6 to a stem, thin, glabrous, lanceolate, 14 ft. long, 4—1 in. broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to the apex and clasping base. Peduncle
shorter than the leaves, with a large leaf from the middle. Raceme
lax, simple, 4-5 in. long ; bracts scariose, lanceolate, the lower }-1 in.
long; pedicels short, ascending, articulated above the middle, the lower
geminate. Perianth white, } in. long ; segments oblong, 3-nerved in
the keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers ;'; in.
long, shorter than the filaments.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in the summer of 1882!

40. C. andongense, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
260. Root-fibres many, long, spreading, fleshy, cylindrical, some bear-
ing tubers. Produced leaves about 6 to a tuft, sheathing the base
of the stem, oblong-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, laxly ribbed,
1-1} ft. long, 3 in. broad at the middle, pale and rather crisped at the
edge. Peduncle terete, as long as the leaves. Racemes many, forming
a lax panicle 1-2 ft. long; pedicels articulated at the middle, the
lower 5-6-nate, finally 1 in. long; lower bracts lanceolate, 4 in. long.
Perianth LA in. long; segments linear, white, with a 3-nerved green
keel, spreading from the top of a basal cup. Anthers large, linear.
ala oblong, 4-3 in. long.—C. longipes, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878,

40.

Wile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1801! 2045!

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 8770! Teuscz !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor! British
Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, in rocky places, Buchanan, 200!

41. ©. vestitum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 326. Root-fibres
long, slender, not bearing tubers. Leaves many to a stem, firm, linear,
closely ribbed, pubescent, 6-10 in. long, } in. broad, not petiolate.
Peduncle slender, much shorter than the leaves. Raceme lax, 3-4 in.
long, simple or forked at the base; bracts minute, ovate, cuspidate ;
pedicels geminate, unequal, spreading, articulated at the middle, the
longer 1-1 in. long. Perianth } in. long, greenish; segments oblanceo-
late, 3-nerved in the keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ;
anthers oblong, shorter than the filaments. Capsule 4—4 in. diameter.

$ Mozamb, Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi, at Shupanga,
irk }

42. C. Fischeri, Baker. Root-fibres slender, not bearing tubers ;
neck crowned with bristles. Leaves 3—4, short, firm, linear, densely
pubescent. Peduncle slender, pubescent, 3-4 in. long. Raceme lax,
simple, 2-3 in. long; pedicels short, solitary, articulated at the middle +
bracts lanceolate, minute, membranous. Perianth 4 in. long ; segments
linear-oblong, white, keeled with green. Stamens rather shorter than
the perianth; filaments glabrous, longer than the anthers. Capsule

Chlorophytum. ] CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER), 507

¢ in. diameter, acutely angled, broader than long.— Anthericum Fischeri,
Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 468.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usmawo; between Magu and Kageyi,
on Lake Victoria Nyanza, Fischer, 591!

43. C. longifolium, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Hthiop. 294. Rootstock
horizontal, as thick as a man’s finger, crowned with copious bristles ;
root-fibres many, long, cylindrical, not bearing tubers. Leaves about:
6 to a stem, firm, linear, acuminate, closely ribbed, ciliate on the
margin, not petiolate, 1-14 ft. long, 4—3 in. broad. Peduncle leafless,
as long as the leaves. Raceme dense, simple, 3-5 in. long ` bracts:
small, lanceolate, scariose ; pedicels very short, ascending at the apex,
the lower 2-3-nate. Perianth } in. long; segments lanceolate. Stamens
as long as the perianth; anthers small. Capsule deeply emarginate,
ZA in. long. —Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 327. Anthericum longi-
Jolium, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 333.

Nile Land, Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 8! Abyssinia, Quartin-Dillon !

44. C. affine, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 160, t. 104. Root-
fibres many, wiry, not bearing tubercles; root-crown with a few bristles.
Leaves 6-8 to a stem, linear, acuminate, firm, closely ribbed, not petio-
late, ciliate on the margin, 12—15 in. long. 3-1 in. broad. Peduncle
leafless, nearly as long as the leaves. Racemes simple, 3-9 in. long,
dense upwards; bracts large, linear, the lowest 1 in. long; pedicels
ascending, articulated at the middle, the lowest geminate, 4 in. long.
Perianth white, 4 in. long; segments oblong, 3-nerved in the brown
keel. Stamens much shorter than the perianth; anthers linear, longer
than the filaments. Capsule globose, 4 in. long.

Nile Land. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; in swamps near Rubugwa,
3800 ft., Speke § Grant !

45. C. brunneum, Baker. Roots not seen. Leaves several, erect,
linear, 9-12 in. long, 4—4 in. broad, clasping the base of the stem
narrowed gradually to a long point, moderately firm, distinctly ciliated
on the white margin, glabrous on the surface. Peduncle simple, stiffly
erect, subterete, shorter than the leaves. Raceme lax, simple, 3 in.
long ; pedicels clustered, } in. long, ascending, articulated at the middle.
Perianth-segments linear, brownish, ł in. long. Capsule quadrate,
acutely angled, 4 in. diam.

Nile Land. German East Africa: Usaramo; at Mboamaji, near Dar-es-Salam,
Stuhlmann, 6031 !

46. C. micranthum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 325. Root-fibres
wiry, not bearing tubers; neck crowned with a dense ring of fibres.
Produced leaves firm, linear, glabrous, 4-6 in. long, } in. broad.
Peduncle slender, leafless, terete, as long as the leaves. Raceme long,
lax, simple or deeply forked, finally 6-8 in. long; pedicels very short,
articulated at the middle, lower 3—4-nate; bracts minute. Perianth

-508 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Chlorophytum.

greenish-white, 4 in. long; segments linear, with a laxly 3-nerved keel.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers oblong, minute.
Capsule 4 in. diam.

Nile Land. Jur: at Kurshook Ali’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1745!

47. ©. tuberosum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 332. Root-fibres
very dense, bearing large tubers at the end. Leaves 6-10 to a stem,
moderately firm, closely ribbed, lanceolate, glabrous, 4—1 ft. long, 4—1 in.
broad at the middle. Peduncle shorter than the leaves. Raceme
dense, 2-4 in. long, usually simple; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, the
lower 6—9 lin. long ; pedicels short, ascending, articulated at the middle,
the lower 2—3-nate. Perianth white, 4 in. long; segments oblong,
laxly nerved on the keel. Stamens distinctly shorter than the perianth ;
anthers 4 in. long, longer than the filaments. Capsule obovoid, $ in.
long.— Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 161. Anthericum ornithogaloides,
Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 332. Phalangium ornithogaloides,
Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294.

Nile Zand. Eritrea: Habab, Hildebrandt, 376! Galabat : Matamma, Schwein-
JSurth, 6! Steudner, 455! Abyssinia: Samen; on the sides of a mountain near
Derragonsel, Schimper, 1261! Wöchni, Steudner, 456! and without precise locality,
Schimper, 561!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa; Kilimanjaro ; below Marangu, 3000 ft.»
Volkens, 2163 !

Also in Peninsular India.

48. C. suffruticosum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 326. Rootstock
as thick as a man’s finger. Leaves a dozen or more in a radical rosette,
moderately firm, glabrous, 14-2 ft. long, 4—3 in. broad at the middle,
acuminate, closely ribbed. Peduncle leafless, terete, glabrous, 1 ft. long.
Racemes simple, dense, 2-3 in. long; pedicels very short, ascending,
articulated at the middle, the lower 2-3-nate; bracts lanceolate,
acuminate, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments white,
3-nerved in the brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ;
anthers large, linear; filaments short.

Wile Land. British East Africa : Nyika country, near Mombasa, Wakefield !

49. C. rhizomatosum, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1885, xxiv. 230.
Rootstock vertical, } in. diam., bearing many superposed relics of old
leaves. Produced leaves about 6 to a stem, firm, linear, acuminate,
glabrous, closely ribbed, not petiolate, 6—9 in. long, }-} in. broad.
Peduncle slender, subterete, leafless, shorter than the leaves. Racemes
2, lax, erect, 3—4 in. long; bracts small, ovate, cuspidate, white, scariose ;
pedicels very short, the lower geminate. :Perianth } in. long ; segments
oblong, obtuse, white with a laxly 3-nerved brown keel. Anthers linear,
% in. long; filaments very short.

Mozamb. Dist, Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, August, 1885.
May be an Anthericum.

Chlorophytum. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 509°

50. C. viridescens, Hngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 140. Leaves many,
linear, acuminate, complicate, 14 ft. long, 4 in. broad at the middle,
closely ribbed, glabrous. Peduncle with panicle 3-34 ft. long. Branches.
of panicle lax, ascending; bracts small, lanceolate; pedicels 3—5-nate,
4—4 in. long, articulated above the base. Perianth cylindrical; segments
linear, 4 in. long, greenish, with a 3-nerved green keel. Stamens much
shorter than the perianth; anthers oblong, small. Capsule obovoid,.
acutely angled, pale green, } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, below Marangu, 8000 ft.
Volkens, 2155 !

No specimen at Kew. The specimens distributed at Berlin under the name of
Cholorophytum viridescens, both in the Kew and British Museum Herbaria, belong to
u species of Schizoglossum !

51. C. polystachyum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 326. Root-
fibres cylindrical, fleshy ; neck crowned with a few bristles. Produced
leaves about 6 to a stem, moderately firm, linear, glabrous, a foot long,
4-4 in. broad, not narrowed to the base. Peduncle leafless, terete,
glabrous, as long as the leaves. Racemes several, panicled, lax, erecto-
patent, the lower forked; pedicels 4-4 in. long, articulated at the
middle, the lower 3—4-nate; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth campanu-
late, } in. long ; segments green, with a white margin. Stamens nearly
as long as the perianth ; anthers minute, oblong.

Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1838!

52. C. pubiflorum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 329. Root-
stock tuberous, horizontal; root-fibres cylindrical. Leaves 6-10 toa
stem, linear, glabrous, closely ribbed, moderately firm, 2-3 ft. long,
6-9 lin. broad, not narrowed to the base. Peduncle 2—3 ft. long, sub-
terete. Racemes 3-5, very lax, ascending, the end one 9-12 in. long;
bracts all small, ovate; pedicels articulated at the middle, the lower
3—4-nate, finally 4—4 in. long. Perianth greenish-white, pubescent, } in.
long ; segments linear-oblong, laxly 3-nerved on the back. Stamens
nearly as long as the perianth ; anthers d in. long, much shorter than
the filaments. Capsule 4 in. long, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: banks of the Boruma River, Kirk!
Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta, Kirk ! Shimwara Hills, near the mouth of
the River Shire, Kirk, 237! British East Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 191!

Imperfectly-known species.

53. C. Tinneæ, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 333. Whole plant
quite glabrous. Root-leaves unknown. Peduncle very slender, 4-1 ft.
long, bearing several linear red uced leaves. Raceme very lax, 4 ft. long;
bracts lanceolate, minute; pedicels very short, ascending, the lower
2-3-nate. Perianth } in. long; segments oblong, 3-nerved on the keel.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ; anthers linear, twiceas long
as the filaments. Ovules 12 in a cell. Chlorophytum sp. Kotschy &
Peyr. Plant. Tinn. 46, t. 23 B.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur, Miss Tinné,

510 CXL, LILIACE& (BAKER). | Dasystuchys.

15. DASYSTACHYS, Baker ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 789,

Perianth polyphyllous, campanulate; segments oblong, subequal, with
an obscurely l-nerved keel. Stamens 6, as long as or longer than the
perianth ; anthers small, oblong, versatile ; filaments slightly flattened.
Ovary sessile, globose, deeply 3-lobed, 3-celled; ovules few, superposed;
style subulate, declinate; stigma capitate, minute. Capsule deeply
3-lobed, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds flattened; testa black ; albumen
fleshy; embryo short, cylindrical.—Rootstock tuberous, with many
slender root-fibres. Leaves radical, linear or lanceolate. Racemes
many-flowered, dense, usually simple, subspicate; bracts persistent.
Flowers small, white.

Endemic in Tropical Africa,

Stamens not exserted.
Perianth Z in. long. e : 2 . 4 a L D. grains.
Perianth + in. long,
Leaves linear.
Peduncle shorter than the leaves í : . 2. D. drimiopsis.
Peduncle as long as the leaves . - 5 . 3. D. polyphylla.
Peduncle longer than the leaves 4. D. crassifolia,
Leaves lanceolate.

Leaves 2—4 in. long 5. D. densiflora,
Leaves 1 ft. or more long 6. D. decorata. `
Perianth 4 in. long,
Peduncle short . ` i S : S . 7. D. marginata, ~
Peduncle long.
Leaves 3-4 . 8. D. pleiostachya.
Leaves 5-8.
Leaves faleate, 6-9 in. long . e . . 9. D. falcata.
Leaves straight, 2-23 ft. long c e - 10. D. aurea. »
Perianth 4 in. long S i S . 11. D. campanulata. \
Stamens exserted.,
Perianth + in. long.
Leaves linear Ý , S S ; i S . 12. D. debilis.
Leaves lanceolate . : e e e . 13. D. Grantii.

Perianth 4—4 in. long.
Peduncle bearing 2-3 reduced leaves. S . 14. D. colubrina.
Peduncle bearing several reduced leaves < . 15. D. papillosa.

1. D. gracilis, Baker. Root not seen. Leaves 4-6, sessile, linear,
erect, glabrous, thin, 4-5 in. long, }—4 in. broad. Peduncle slender,
naked, as long as the leaves. Raceme dense, subspicate, cylindrical,
1-1} in. long, }-} in. diam.; bracts subulate, persistent, as long as the
flowers. Perianth campanulate, } in. long; segments linear-oblong,
white, with a 1-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth.
Style exserted.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Taita ; at Mbuyuni, in dry sand, Scott-Elliot,
6193!

2. D. drimiopsis, Baker ex Benth. in Gen. Plant. iii. 789. Root-
stock tuberous, with copious slender fibres ; old leaves not splitting into

Dasystachys. CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER), 511
y Y

fibres. Produced leaves 3, linear, erect, glabrous, moderately firm,
1-14 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad at the middle, sheathing the stem at the
base. Peduncle leafless, glabrous, 3-12 in. long. Raceme dense,
usually simple, subspicate, 3-6 in. long; rhachis sulcate, pubescent ;
bracts subulate from a dilated base, LA in long. Perianth campanu-
late, 4 in. long; segments lanceolate, white with a brown keel.
Stamens as Jong as the perianth; anthers linear, } in. long. Style
much exserted. Capsule } in diam.—Bot. Mag. t. 7580. Anthericum
drimiopsis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 301.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; at Shupanga, in
damp places, Kirk ! and between Lupata and Tete, Kirk! British Central Africa :
Northern Zambesia; Boruma, Menyharth, 923! Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 110! between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte! plateau of Mount Zomba,
5000-6000 ft., Whyte !

3. D polyphylla, Baker. Stem 2 in. long below the rosette
of leaves, clothed with the copious fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaves
8-9 in a rosette, erect, linear, moderately firm, glabrous, 1-14 ft. long,
3 in. broad at the middle, tapering gradually to the acuminate apex and
clasping base. Peduncle leafless, glabrous, nearly as long as the leaves.
Raceme 4 in. long, dense, cylindrical, with a short fork at the
base; pedicels very short; bracts small, ovate or lanceolate scariose.
Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; segments oblong-lanceolate, keeled
with brown. Stamens not exserted. Capsule } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Jon-
ston !

4. D. crassifolia, Baker. Root of many slender fibres; neck
crowned with a ring of bristles. Rudimentary leaves spotted on the
back with claret-purple. Produced leaves linear, thick, rigid, glabrous,
a foot long, strongly nerved and keeled. Peduncle simple, flexuose,
13-2 ft. long, bearing 2-3 reduced leaves. Raceme dense, subspicate,
3 in. long; bracts subulate from a dilated base, }-} in. long. Perianth
campanulate, } in. long; segments oblong-lanceolate, white with a
1-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers
small, oblong. Style much exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Lake Rukwa and Lake Tan-
ganyika, 6000 ft., Nutt! British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, 5250 ft., Nutt /

5. D. densiflora, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 470. Leaves
ascending, glabrous, lanceolate, 2—4 in. long, 4—4 in. broad at the
middle, crisped at the margin. Peduncle shorter than the leaves,
simple or forked, pubescent. Raceme dense, oblong, subspicate, H 3-2
in. long; pedicels very short; bracts large, lanceolate. Perianth
campanulate, } in. long; segments oblong, keeled with red brown.
Stamens as long as the perianth.—Chlorophytum densiflorum, Engl,
in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 470.

Lower Guinea, Angola; Malange, Teuscz, 313!

No specimen at Kew,

512 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Dasystachys.

6. D. decorata, Baker. Root densely crowned with fibres.
Rudimentary leaves lanceolate, with many transverse bands of red
brown. Produced leaves 3-4, with long clasping base and a lanceolate
thin glabrous blade a foot or more Jong, an inch broad, not ciliated on
the edge. Peduncle terete, 2-3 ft. long, bearing several reduced leaves.
Raceme simple, cylindrical, 6-8 in. long; pedicels very short; bracts.
subulate from an ovate base, the lower an inch long. Perianth white,
1 in. long; segments oblong, with a 1-nerved keel. Stamens included ;
anthers small, oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5090 ft., Carson,
26 of 1893 collection !

7. D. marginata, Baker. Rootstock thick, woody, annulate ; root-
fibres short; crown sparsely setose. Leaves 4, lanceolate, subacute,
glabrous on the surface, densely ciliated on the thickened edge, reaching
10 in. long, 4—1 in. broad. Peduncle naked, leafless, subterete, 5-6 in.
long. Raceme dense, oblong, cylindrical, 24 in. long; bracts subulate,
lower 8-9 lin. long. Perianth }in. long; segments oblong-lanceolate,
with a.brown central rib. Anthers oblong, A. in. long.—Chlorophytum
(Dasystachys) marginatum, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 422.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor!

No specimen at Kew.

8. D. pleiostachya, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 255.
Rootstock a globose tuber, with many slender root-fibres. Leaves 3-4,
with a long sheathing base and a lanceolate glabrous coriaceous blade
8-12 in. long, $—? in. broad, with close raised veins. Peduncle stiffly
erect, terete, 2—3 tt. long, with several small reduced leaves. Racemes
1-3, dense, subspicate, 6—9 in. long, A in. diam.; bracts setaceous from
an ovate base, 4-1 in. long. Perianth campanulate, } in. long;
segments linear-oblong, white. Stamens as long as the perianth.
Capsule } in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo ; on the banks of the River Cuanza,
Welwitsch, 3785 !

9. D. falcata, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 256.
Rootstock tuberous, horizontal; root-fibres slender. Leaves 6-8,
lanceolate, faleate, thin, glabrous, 6—9 in. long, 3-1 in. broad at the
middle. Peduncle 14-2 ft. long, tinged with red, bearing many
reduced leaves. Raceme simple, subspicate, dense, 3-4 in. long in the
flowering stage; pedicels very short; bracts setaceous. Perianth
white, } in. long; segments oblong. Stamens as long as the perianth ;
anthers linear, } in. long, as long as the filaments.—Clorophytum
Jalcatum, Eng). Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 161.

citi etd Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Lopollo, in rocky places, Welwitsch,
!

10. D. aurea, Baker. Leaves 5-6 to a stem, erect, linear,
moderately firm, glabrous, 2-24 ft. long, an inch broad at the middle,

Dasystachys. | CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). 513

narrowed gradually to the acuminate apex and sheathing base,
obscurely ciliated on the edge. Peduncle stiffly erect, 3 ft. long,
bearing a few reduced leaves, pubescent upwards. Raceme subspicate,
cylindrical, 4-1 ft. long; bracts lanceolate, the lower large. Flowers
clothed in the early stage with golden pubescence. Perianth } in.
long; segments oblong, white, with a red-brown keel. Stamens as
long as the perianth ; anthers longer than the filaments. Style much
exserted.—Chlorophytum (Dasystachys) aureum, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 469.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Kurshook Ali’s Seriba, Schweinfurth,
1504! Niamniam, Schweinfurth, 3570! 3752!

11l. D. campanulata, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
256, t. 35, figs. 1-4. Rootstock oblique, tuberous; root-fibres many,
slender. Root-leaves 5-6, with a long sheathing base and a moderately
firm glabrous lanceolate blade, 1-14 ft. long, an inch broad at the
middle. Peduncle stiffly erect, terete, 3-4 ft. long, bearing several
adpressed reduced leaves. Raceme simple, dense, subspicate, cylin-
drical, 3-6 in. long; bracts setaceous from a lanceolate base, the lower
4—4 in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments lanceolate, white, with a
l-nerved brown keel. Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers
shorter than the filaments. Capsule } in. long.—Chlorophytum cam-
panulatum, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 161.

Lower Guinea. Angola; Huilla; between Lopollo and Lake Ivantalla,
Welwitsch, 3783!

12. D. debilis, Baker. Produced leaves 4, thin, erect, linear,
glabrous, 4—1 ft. long, 4-$ in. broad low down, tapering gradually
to a long point. Peduncle very slender, leafless, subterete, much
shorter than the leaves, pubescent upwards. Raceme dense, subspicate,
1-1} in. long; bracts small, linear. Perianth campanulate, ¢ in. long;
segments oblong-lanceolate, white, the 1-nerved keel greenish towards
the tip. Stamens much exserted ; anthers linear, 4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Johnston !

13. D. Grantii, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 789. Root-tibres many,
cylindrical ; neck crowned with copious bristles. Produced leaves 3,
erect, lanceolate, moderately firm, glabrous on the surface, ciliated on
the margin, a foot long, ł in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
to the apex and the sheathing base. Peduncle glabrous, leafless, 4 ft.
long. Raceme dense, subspicate, 3-4 in. long; bracts red, large,
setaceous. Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; segments oblong,
whitish, with a brown keel. Stamens exserted; anthers linear-oblong,
much shorter than the filaments. Style much exserted.—Cesia
africana, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 160, t. 103 A.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Rubugwa, in boggy
ground, 4000 ft., Speke & Grant !

Var. 8 Engleri, Baker. Leaves 2 ft. or more long. Peduncle longer than the
leaves, bearing several reduced leaves.— Chlorophytum africanum, Engl. Jahrb. xv,
470, excl. syn.

Mozamb. Dist: German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Gonda, Bohm, 18, 162,

VOL. VII. 2 L

514 CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). | Dasystachys,

14. D. colubrina, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot, i. 256;
t. 35, figs. 5-10. Rootstock tuberous, oblique; old leaves splitting into
copious fibres. Rudimentary leaves lanceolate, with copious red-brown
spots. Produced leaves 5-6, linear, glabrous, subcoriaceous, a foot long,
4 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base and apex.
Peduncle a foot long, terete, bearing 2—3 reduced leaves, Raceme
simple, subspicate, oblong, 1}—2 in. long; bracts purple, setaceous froma
broad base, the lower j-tin. long. Perianth } in.long; segments white,
with a I-nerved red-brown keel. Stamens exserted; anthers much
shorter than the filaments. Capsule } in. diam.—CAlorophytum colu-
brinum, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 162.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in rocky pastures, 5000-6000 ft., Wel-
witsch, 3784!

15. D. papillosa, Baker. Rootstock woody, irregular in shape;
root-fibres slender ` crown scarcely at all setose. Central leaves linear,
a foot or more long, 4 in. broad, glabrous on the surface, ciliated on
the margin. Peduncle subterete, 14 ft. long, bearing several small
reduced leaves. Raceme 2-3 in. long; pedicels very short ; bracts subu-
late from a dilated scariose base. Perianth 34 lin. long, brownish,
densely papillose outside; segments linear-oblong, Stamens much
exserted; anthers linear-oblong, 4 in. long.— Chlorophytum (Dasy-
stachys) papilloswm, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. +22.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor.

No specimen at Kew.

16. TULBAGHIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 798.

Perianth gamophyllous; tube oblong; segments lanceolate, sub-
equal, spreading, as long as or shorter than the tube. Corona inserted
at the throat of the perianth-tube, cup-shaped or consisting of 3 distinct
entire or bifid processes. Stamens 6, inserted in two rows in the tube
of the perianth ; filaments very short ; anthers oblong. Ovary sessile,
3-celled; ovules many, superposed ; style cylindrical; stigma capitate.
Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds compressed ; testa lax, black;
albumen fleshy; embryo cylindrical.—Rootstock slightly tuberous ;
root-fibres many, slender, Leaves all radical, linear, often smelling of
garlic. Peduncle long, slender. Flowers small, umbellate.

Species about 12, all the others are natives of South Africa.

Corona very narrow, deeply lobed e . ` . 1, T. equinoctialis.
Corona cup-shaped, subentire, .
Perianth-segments as long as the tube . . - 2. T Comerom,

Perianth-segments 2 the length of the tube , . 3. T. Brage.
Perianth-segments } the length of the tube , . 4. T, alliacea,

__ L T. æquinoctialis, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn, Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 246. Corm ovoid, 4—3 in. diameter ; outer tunics brown, pe
branous. Leaves 3-5, narrowly linear, 4-6 in. long, Peduncle longe

Tulbaghia. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER), 515

than the leaves. Umbel 3-flowered; spathe-valves lanceolate, }—} in.
long; pedicels as long as the spathe-valves. Perianth white, 5 lin.
long; segments lanceolate, as long as the oblong tube. Corona very
short, yellow, deeply lobed.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 2754!

2. T. Cameroni, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 321. Rootstock and
leaves not seen. Peduncle very slender, 5—6 in. long Flowers 3—4 in
an umbel; spathe-valves lanceolate, 1 in. long; pedicels shorter than
the spathe-valves. Perianth-tube oblong, + in. long; segments lanceo-
late, as long as the tube. Corona campanulate, $ in. long, obscurely
and irregularly lobed. Anthers not exserted from the corona.

Mozamb. Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! British Central Africa: North
Nyasaland and Upper Loangwa River, at Fort Young, Nicholson !

3. T. Bragee, Engl. Pf. Ost. Afr. C. 141. Rootstock thick.
Leaves narrowly linear, } the length of the peduncle. Spathe-valves
lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the pedicels, which are longer than
the flowers. Perianth-segments rose-red, linear, 3 the length of the
tube. Corona lanceolate, subtruncate, orange-yellow, 4 as long as the
perianth-segments. Anthers exserted from the corona.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Beira, Braga,

No specimen at Kew.

4. T. alliacea, Thunb. Prodr. 60. Corm ovoid, 4-3 in. diam. ;
outer tunics brown, membranous. Leaves narrowly linear, erect, $ ft.
long. Peduncle slender, fragile, 4—14 ft. long. Flowers 3-6 in an
umbel ` spathe-valves lanceolate or ovate, 4—} in. long; pedicels 4-1 in.
long. Perianth-tube oblong, greenish, } in. long; segments lanceolate,
4 as long as the tube. Corona cup-shaped, brownish, entire, } as long
as the perianth-segments. Anthers not exserted from the corona.—
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 371, and in Fl. Cap, vi. 405,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Scott-
Elliot ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1334!

Also in South Africa.

17. ALLIUM, Linn.; Benth et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, iii. 802.

Perianth polyphyllous ; segments 6, subequal, oblong or lanceolate,
spreading or permanently connivent. Stamens 6, attached to the base
of the perianth-segments ; filaments subulate or flattened, or tricuspi-
date ; anthers oblong. Ovary globose, sessile or shortly stipitate, per-
fectly or imperfectly 3-celled ; ovules usually 2 in a cell ; style subulate ;
stigma minute. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds triquetrous ;
testa black, membranous ; albumen fleshy ; embryo cylindrical.— Whole
plant smelling of garlic. Rootstock bulbous or subrhizomatous. Leaves
all radical, but often clasping the base of the stem for some distance.
Flowers small, white or coloured, usually numerous, umbellate.

516 CXL. LILIACEX (BAKER). [ Alliwm.

Species 250-300, Concentrated in the north temperate zone, one in South Africa.

Filaments of inner stamens tricuspidate H . , 1l. A. alibile.
Filaments uniform, subulate.
Bulbs solitary, globose. > : a = . 2. A. spathaceum,
Bulbs cespitose, narrowly ovoid . . e . 3. A. angolense.

1. A. (Porrum) alibile, 4. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 330. Bulb
globose, white, the thickness of a man’s finger. Leaves unknown.
Peduncle 14 ft. long. Umbel dense, many-flowered; pedicels short ;
spathe short, scariose, many-valved, and pedicels also subtended by
short scales. Perianth campanulate, pale rose ; segments erect, ovate-
oblong, acute. Filaments of the inner stamens tricuspidate; of the
outer lanceolate.—Regel, Monogr. All. 69; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 165.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shire; on mountains, near Tembella, Quartin-Dillon.

No specimen at Kew.

2. A. (Molium) spathaceum, Steud. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl.
Abyss. ii. 330. Bulb globose, 4—3 in. diam. ; outer tunics pale, scariose.
Leaves 1-2, thin, narrowly linear, glabrous, sometimes as long as the
peduncle. Peduncle slender, fragile, 4-9 in. long. Umbel 10-15-
flowered ; spathe of 1 short ovate valve ; pedicels 4-3 in. long. Perianth
$ in. long ; segments oblong, subacute, spreading, white, with a distinct
brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ; filaments subu-
late. Style as long as the ovary.—A. subhirsutum var. spathaceum,
Regel, Monogr. All. 221; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 164;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 75.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Mount Alamkale, near Aideresso, 5900 ft., Schweinfurth
d Riva, 1475! Abyssinia: Gamen; near Demerki, on Mount Bachit, 10,000-11,000 ft.,
Schimper, 1266! Ghaba, Steudner, 451; Nori, Schimper, 57; and without precise
locality, Schimper, 839 !

3. A. (Rhiziridium) angolense, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc.
ser. 2, Bot. i. 262. Bulbs densely cxspitose, narrowly ovoid, 3 in. long;
outer tunics brown, membranous. Leaves 6-8, narrowly linear, erect,
glaucous, 6-9 in. long. Peduncle stout, 1 ft. or more long, narrowed
gradually from the middle to the apex. Umbel dense, globose, 2 in.
diam. ; pedicels 6—9 lin. long; spathe-valve 1, short, broad, membranous.
Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; segments oblong, white, with e
brown keel, permanently ascending. Stamens as long as the perianth ;
filaments subulate; anthers small, oblong. Style as long as the ovary.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, in pastures, Welwitsch, 3764!

18. DIPCADI, Medic. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 809.

Perianth gamophyllous ; tube oblong ` segments dissimilar, 3 oer
shorter, connivent, truncate ; three outer more or less distinctly cauda 8
Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the perianth ; filaments short ;
anthers oblong or linear. Ovary sessile, globose, 8-celled ; ovules many,

Dipcadi. |

superposed ; style subulate; stigma capitate. Capsule loculicidally 3-
valved. Seeds compressed ; testa black, membranous ; albumen fleshy ;
embryo cylindrical.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves all radical,
usually linear. Inflorescence a lax raceme. Flowers usually small,
greenish,
Species 40. Also many in South Africa, a few in South Europe, India, and
Madagascar,
Outer perianth-segments scarcely longer than the inner,
Leaves terete.
Bracts linear A e
Bracts ovate, cuspidate
Leaves linear or lanceolate,
Leaf solitary.
Leaf linear
Leaf lanceolate S
Leaves two or more, linear.
Perianth 4 in, long.
Perianth yellowish-white : : : . 5. D. venenatum,
Perianth green.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate
Bracts ovate, acuminate,
Peduncle short . : . . 7. D. fesoghlense,
Peduncle long S : i . 8. D. sansibaricum,
Perianth 3 in, long . : : : 9. D. firmifolium.
Outer segments distinctly longer than the inner,
Tail of the outer segments short,
Leaves subterete.
Leaves 2-3 to a stem.

CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 517

. D. zambesiacum,
. D. durandianum,

Hi ka

. D. unifolium,
. D. platyphyllum.

D oo

6. D. longifolium,

Peduncle very short . ` e e . 10. D. minimum,
Peduncle 6-8 in, long . : - : , 11. D. Welwitschii.
Peduncle 1 ft, or more long . : . 12. D. filifolium,

Leaves 6-8 to a stem S S i ; . 13. D. arenarium.,

Leaves linear,
Flowers green.
Peduncle under 1 ft. long,

Bracts lanceolate, acuminate . ‘ . 14. D. tacazzeanum,
Bracts ovate.
Bulb 3—2 in. diam. . . 15. D. oxylobum,
Bulb 1-2 in, diam. i 16. D. occidentale.
Peduncle 3—4 ft. long . r S 17. D. comosum.
Flowers brick-red . S S A 18. D. lateritium.

Leaves lanceolate.
Leaves 3—4 in, long .
Leaves 1-14} ft. long
Leaves lorate.
Pedicels very short .
Lower pedicels 3-3 in. long
Tail of outer segments long.
Leaf 1 with a long sheathing base.

. D. lanceolatum.,
. D. magnum,

21. D. clarkeanum,
. D. longibracteatum.

Flowers green é 4 S 23. D. vaginatum,
Flowers reddish blac e : e . 24. D. thollonianum.
Leaves 2 or more, not sheathing the peduncle . 25. D, viride.

1. D. zambesiacum, Baker. Bulb globose, } in. diam. ; tunics
dull brown. Leaves 4, erect, subterete, glabrous, channelled down the

518 CXL. LILIACEX (BAKER), | Dipeadt.

face, 6-8 in. long, 1 lin. diam. low down. Peduncle slender, as long as
the leaves. Raceme very lax, 4 ft. long; pedicels short, ascending ;
bracts linear, the lower }-} in. long. Perianth green; tube oblong,
4 in. long; inner segments as long as the tube ; outer slightly longer,
falcate, flat, not caudate. Anthers linear, 4 in. long; filaments very
short. Capsule quadrate, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta, between Mambucha
and Vicenti, Scott !

2, D. durandianunm, Schinz in Dur. d Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v.
374. Bulb globose, 4—3 in. diam.; outer tunics white. Leaves many
to a bulb, filiform, very slender, erect, 3—10 in. long. Peduncle slender,
13-2 ft. long. Raceme very lax, secund, 6—8-flowered ; pedicels arcuate,
ascending, 4-} in. long; bracts large, ovate, cuspidate, deciduous.
Perianth green; tube oblong-cylindrical, } in. long; inner segments
linear, as long as the tube; outer scarcely longer, linear-complicate,
faleate or spreading. Anthers oblong, subsessile at the throat of the
perianth-tube. Capsule oblong, subsessile, obtusely angled, 4 in. long.
D. bakerianum, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden. xxxi. 217,
not of Bolus.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; near Olukonda
Schinz, 7! 410! Rautanen, 103.

3. D. unifolium, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 399. Bulb
globose, 1—4 in. diam. ; outer tunics dull brown, Leaf single, linear,
erect, glabrous, 6-7 in. long, clasping the base of peduncle for some
distance. Peduncle slender, rather shorter than the leaf. Raceme
laxly 3-6-flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts very small, lanceolate.
Perianth green ; tube oblong, } in. long; inner segments flat, as long
as the tube ; outer complicate, rather longer than the inner, Anthers
subsessile. Ovary sessile—Uropetalum tacazzeanum var. angustifolium,
Schweinf. ex Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 399.

Wile Land. Galabat: left bank of the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 23!

4. D. platyphyllum, Baker. Stem slender, glabrous, 6—9 in. long,
bearing from above the base a single sheathing lanceolate leaf, 6—9 1m-
long, 1 in. broad, glabrous on the surface, much crisped towards the
margin and ciliate with long white hairs. Raceme lax, 3—4 in. long 1D
the flowering stage; rhachis slender, pubescent; pedicels cernuous,
pubescent, 4-1 in. long; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth green ; tube
oblong, 4 in. long; inner segments oblong, as long as the tube; outer
segments caudate, a little longer than the inner, not spreading.
Anthers sessile at the throat of the perianth-tube. Capsule oblong-
quadrate, sessile.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 44!

5. D. venenatum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. =
Bulb ovoid, 14 in. diam. Leaves linear, channelled, glabrous, fleshy;
8 in. long, -4 in. broad. Raceme lax, many-flowered ; pedicels $-4

Dipcadi. } CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER). 519

in. long; bracts caudate, } in. long. Perianth yellowish-white, 4 in.
long. Anthers subsessile at the throat of the perianth-tube.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; near Olukonda,
Rautanen, 126.

No specimen at Kew.

6. D. longifolium, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 397. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam.; outer tunics pale. Leaves 3-6, linear, glabrous,
1-2 ft. long. Peduncle long, slender, fragile. Raceme very lax, 4—8-
flowered ; pedicels very short ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, }—} in. long.
Perianth green, } in. long; tube oblong; segments of both rows as long
as the tube, the inner flat, the outer subcaudate. Anthers oblong, nearly
sessile. Capsule sessile, subglobose, } in. diam.—Uropetalum longi-
folium, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 974; Kunth, Enum. iv. 378.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; abundant on the plains of Ilorin,
Barter, 3441!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; opposite Sena,
Kirk ! Shupanga, Kirk ! Mozambique, Forbes! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ;
valley of the River Shire, Meller !

7. D. fesoghlense, Baker. Bulb unknown. Leaves 2, narrowly
linear, 6-8 in. long, 4} in. broad. Peduncle 4 in. long. Raceme laxly
many-flowered ; pedicels very short ` bracts ovate, acuminate, the lower
4-3 in. long. Perianth green, 4 in. long; inner segments as long as
the tube; outer scarcely longer, with a tail 54, in. long. Style shorter
than the ovary.—Uropetalum fesoghlense, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl.
“Ethiop. 204.

Nile Land. Upper Sennar: Fazokl, Cienkowsky,

No specimen at Kew.

8. D. sansibaricum, Zngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 142. Bulb globose.
Leaves narrowly linear, half as long as the scape. Raceme laxly 8-9-
flowered ; pedicels short; bracts ovate, acuminate. Perianth green,
3 in. long; segments linear, subobtuse. Capsule large for the genus,
4 in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: at Kumbeni, on coral line limestone, Stuhlmann,

No specimen at Kew.

9. D. firmifolium, Baker. Leaves narrowly linear, firm, erect,
glabrous, thick, deeply grooved, 1 ft. long, $ in. broad. Peduncle 6-8
in. long, without any sheathing leaf. Raceme Jax, many-flowered, 3-4
in. long ; pedicels ascending, lower ł—4 in. long ; bracts green, persistent,
lanceolate, acuminate, lower above 1 in. long. Perianth-tube oblong-
cylindrical, } in. long; inner segments oblong, nearly as long as the
tube, green with a tinge of yellow; outer caudate, spreading, slightly
longer than the outer. Stamens half as long as the inner segments ;
filaments very short. Ovary shortly stipitate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland ` Kwebe, Zugard, 57!

10. D. minimum, Webb, Phyt. Canar. iii. 341. Bulb ovoid, }-4 in.
diam, ; outer tunics brown. Leaves 2-3, slender filiform, erect, glabrous,

520 CXL, LILIACEÆ (BAKER). [ Dipeadi.

2-3 in. long. Peduncle 1}-2 in. long. Raceme short, secund, 2-4-
flowered; pedicels very short; bracts lanceolate, lower } in. long.
Perianth green ; tube oblong, } in. long ; inner segments as long as the
tube; outer rather longer, complicate, falcate. Anthers subsessile at
the throat of the tube. Ovary sessile-—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xl.
399; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 166. Uvropetalum minimum,
Steud. ex A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 326.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Samen; in dry mountain meadows, near Enjedcap,
Schimper, 1168 !

11. D. Welwitschii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 400. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam.; outer tunics pale. Leaves 2, narrowly linear,
complicate, glabrous, much shorter than the peduncle. Peduncle
slender, stiffly erect, 6-8 in. long. Raceme lax, 6—8-flowered ; pedicels
ascending, 4-} in. long; bracts ovate or lanceolate, small. Perianth
green; tube } in. long; inner segments linear, as long as the tube ;
outer complicate, 4 in. longer than the inner. Anthers oblong, as long
as the filaments. Capsule sessile, globose, } in. long.—Baker in Trans.
Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 246; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 167.
Uropetalum Welwitschii, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 16.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, 3800-5500 de
Welwitsch, 3715!

12. D. filifolium, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 322. Bulb globose,
4—} in. diam. ; tunics dull brown. Leaves 2, subterete, firm, slender,
glabrous, nearly 1 ft. long. Peduncle slender, 1 ft. or more long.
Raceme very lax, 3-10-flowered ; pedicels short, erecto-patent ; bracts
obsolete or deciduous. Perianth fulvous-green ; tube oblong, ¢ in. long;
inner segments linear, as long as the tube; outer complicate, 4—4 in.
longer than the inner. Anthers oblong, nearly sessile at the throat of
the perianth-tube. Capsule } in. diam., shortly stipitate.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfur th, 1947!

13. D. arenarium, Baker. Bulb not seen. Leaves 7-8 to a
cluster, terete, very slender, moderately firm, glabrous, 5-6 in. long.
Peduncle slender, about as long as the leaves. Raceme lax, few-flowered ;
pedicels } in. long; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, the lower twice as long
as the pedicels. Perianth green; tube oblong-cylindrical, 4 in. long;
inner segments very slender; outer subulate, } in. longer than the
inner, Anthers subsessile.

Wile Land, British East Africa: Kikumbuliyu; at Kenani, in dry sandy soil,
Scott-Elliot, 6246 !

14. D. tacazzeanum, Baker in Journ. Linn, Soc. xi. 400. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam.; tunics pale. Leaves 2-3, linear, flat, glabrous,
3-4 in. long. Peduncle slender, 6-9 in. long. Raceme laxly 6-12-
flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, } in. long.
Perianth green; tube oblong-cylindrical, } in. long; inner segm re
truncate, as long as the tube; outer k in. longer, subulate, Dez

LE?

Dipcadi.] CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 521

Anthers sessile at the throat of the perianth-tube. Capsule subglobose,
sessile.—Martelli, Fl. Bogos. 85; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii.
App. ii. 76. Uvropetalum tacazzeanum, Hochst. ex A. Rich, Tent. Fl.
Abyss. ii. 325.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Bogos, Beccari, 111! near Saati, 480-970 ft., Schwein-
Surth & Riva, 50, 52; and at Ginda, 3000 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 189. Abyssinia:
at the foot of the mountains in the valley of the River Tacazze, Schimper, 1696!
British East Africa ; Jur ; Abu Guroon’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1559!

U. (?) depressum, A. Rich. loc. cit., of which the flowers are unknown, a native
of Abyssinia, is said to differ from tacazzeanum by having 4—5 longer, broader leaves,
and a more acutely-angled capsule.

15. D. oxylobum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i, 246.
Bulb subglobose, 4—3 in. diam. ; outer tunics pale. Leaves 2, narrowly
linear, complicate, glabrous, 4—6 in. long. Peduncle slender, 6-9 in.
long. Raceme lax, subsecund, 5-10-flowered; pedicels short; bracts
ovate, cuspidate, lower 4-1 in. long. Perianth green tinged with
cinnamon-red ; tube oblong, 4 in. long; inner segments flat, rather
longer than the tube; outer complicate, falcate, 2-1 in. longer than
the inner. Anthers nearly sessile at the throat of the perianth-tube.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; subtemperate region, 2400-3800 ft.,
Welwitsch, 3714! 3716!

16. D. occidentale, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 119. Bulb
globose, 1—2 in. diam.; outer tunics whitish. Leaves 2-3 to a bulb,
linear, glabrous, 4-1 ft. long. Peduncle slender, 5-6 in. long. Raceme
very lax, 3-6-flowered ; pedicels very short, erecto-patent ; bracts ovate,
as long as the pedicels. Perianth green; tube oblong, } in. long;
inner segments linear-oblong, nearly as long as the tube; outer linear,
complicate, } in. longer than the inner. Anthers linear-oblong, ys in.
long, exceeding the filaments.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: by the Scarcies River, near Wallia ; on hard
dry laterite, Scott-Elliot, 4840! Interior of Western Lagos, Rowland !

17. D. comosum, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
247, t. 34, figs. 1-3. Bulb large, depresso-globose, bulbilliferous at the
base; outer tunics light red. Leaves linear, glabrous, channelled
down the face, 2 ft. long, 4-4 in. broad low down. Peduncle 3-4 ft.
long. Raceme lax, 30—60-flowered, 14-2 ft. long; lower flowers per-
fect, many upper imperfect; lower pedicels 2 A in. long; bracts lanceo-
late, Perianth green, 8—9 lin. long; tube oblong; inner segments as
long as the tube; outer rather longer, falcate, distinctly caudate.
Perianth of upper imperfect flowers reduced to 3 long entirely filiform
segments.—Engl. Hochebirgsfi. Trop. Afr. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lopollo, on sandy hills in the sub-
temperate region, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3732! and without precise locality,
Antunes !

18. D. lateritium, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn, Soc, ser. 2,
Bot. i. 247. Bulb globose, 3-1 in. diam.; tunics whitish, Leaves 2-4,

522 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Dipeadi.

linear, glabrous, 1—14 ft. long, 4} in. broad. Peduncle slender, as
long as tke leaves. Raceme lax, secund, 2-6 in. long ; pedicels ascend-
ing, the lower 6-9 lin long; bracts lanceolate, }-} in. long. Perianth
brick-red colour ; tube oblong; inner segments linear, 4 in. long, outer
caudate, 4 in. long. Anthers subsessile at the throat of the perianth-
tube. Capsule sessile—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; subtemperate region, 3800-5500 ft., Wel-
witsch, 3716! 3717!

19. D. lanceolatum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 322. Bulb not
seen. Leaves 4—5, lanceolate, acute, glabrous, 3-4 in. long, 4-3 in.
broad. Peduncle moderately stout, 8-18 in. long. Raceme very lax,
3-1 ft. long; pedicels very short, erecto-patent; bracts linear, the
lower 4-} in. long. Perianth green; tube oblong, 4-4 in. long; inner
segments flat, rather longer than the tube; outer complicate, $-§ in.
longer than the inner. Stamens reaching half-way up the inner seg-
ments. Ovary oblong, sessile.

Nile Land. Bongo: Gir, Schweinfurth, 1782!

20. D. magnum, Baker. Leaves thin, lanceolate, 1-1} ft. long,
2 in. broad at the middle, glabrous on the margin. Peduncle stiffly erect,
1} ft. long. Raceme lax, 1-14 ft. long; pedicels spreading or ascend-
ing, lower 14-2 in. long; bracts minute, linear, deciduous. Perianth-
tube } in. long; segments oblong, nearly as long as the tube, yellow
with a broad green keel; outer caudate, green, spreading, }—} in. long.
Stamens nearly as long as the inner segments; anthers as long as the
flattened filaments. Ovary quadrate, sessile.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 88!

21. D.clarkeanum, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden. XXX}.
218. Bulb large, globose ; outer tunics white. Leaves 3, lorate, obtuse,
glabrous, 4—1 ft. long, above an inch broad. Peduncle stout, stifily
erect, 14 ft. long. Raceme long, very lax ; pedicels very short; bracts
minute or deciduous. Perianth green ; tube oblong, 4 in. long; Inner
segments linear, twice as long as the tube; outer linear GOEN
falcate, 1-4 in. longer than the inner. Anthers sessile at the throat ©
the tube. Capsule quadrate, 3 in. long, $ in. diam.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Zwartbank Berg»
Stapff.

Also in South Africa.

22. D. longibracteatum, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden.
xxxi. 218. Bulb globose, 2 in. diam.; outer tunics pale. Leaves e
lorate, glabrous, 1 ft. long, 1-14 in. broad at the middle, narrowe
gradually to a clasping base. Peduncle robust, 14 ft. long. Raceme
dense, 4 in. long; lower pedicels deflexed, $—} in. long; bracts lanceo-
late, white, scariose, protruding beyond the buds. Perianth green;
tube oblong, } in. long; inner segments flat, as long as the tube; outer

Dipcadi.] CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 523

complicate, 4 in. longer than the inner. Anthers subsessile at the
throat of the perianth-tube.
Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland ; between Olukonda

and Unkuambi, Schinz, 36! 411!

23. D. vaginatum, Baker. Stem slender, flexuose, 1 ft. or more
long, with a single flat linear glabrous leaf 6-8 in. long, }-} in. broad,
with a long sheath arising from the stem above the base. Raceme
very lax, 4-5 in. long; lower pedicels }—? in. long; bracts small, linear.
Perianth green; tube oblong-cylindrical, } in. long; inner segments
ovate-oblong, nearly as long as the tube; outer caudate, spreading,
fin. long. Stamens half as long as the inner segments ; anther larger
than the filament. Capsule sessile, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 47!

24. D. thollonianum, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 23.
Bulb not seen. Leaf linear, moderately firm, glabrous, a foot long,
ł in. broad. Peduncle with raceme nearly 3 ft. long. Raceme lax,
1 ft. long, 10-flowered; bracts ovate-caudate, scariose, the lower 4 in.
long; pedicels erect, as long as the bract, articulated at the apex.
Perianth nearly an inch long; outer segments reddish-black, with a
papillose tail 4 in. long; inner paler, } in. long; both 5-nerved. Fila-
ments very short. Ovary oblong; ovules about 20 in a cell; style
included.

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: prairies by the River Jue, near Brazzaville,
Thollon, 4076!

No specimen at Kew.

25. D. viride, Moench, Method. Suppl. 267. Bulb ovoid, 1 in.
diam.; outer tunics pale. Leaves 2 or more, erect, linear, glabrous,
sometimes 1 ft. long. Peduncle slender, fragile, 1 ft. or more long.
Raceme very lax; lower pedicels 4 in long; bracts small, linear.
Perianth green; tube oblong, } in. long; inner segments as long as the
tube; outer filiform very slender, ?-1 in. long. Filaments very short :
anthers oblong. Capsule sessile, $ in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xi. 401, and in Fl. Cap. vi. 449. Hyacinthus viridis, Linn. Sp.
Plant, ed. ii. 454; Jacq. Ic. t. 66.

Wile Land. Somaliland, Miss Edith Cole!

Also collected in the mountains south of the Equator by Bishop Hannington.

Also in South Africa.

19. PSEUDOGALTONIA, Kuntze in Jahrb. Kénigl. Bot. Gart,
Berl. iv. (1886), 274.

Perianth-tube funnel-shaped, curved; segments 6, oblong, sub-
equal, ascending. Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the perianth-
tube, shorter than the segments; filaments flattened; anthers linear-
oblong, dorsi-fixed, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary sessile, oblong,

O24 CXL, LILIACEX (BAKER). [ Pseudogaltonia.

3-celled ; ovules many in a cell, superposed; style subulate ; stigma
minute, capitate. Fruit and seeds unknown.—JLindneria, Dur. et
Lubb.

Monotypic. Endemic,

1. P, Pechuelii, Kuntze in Jahrb. Kinigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, iv. 274.
Bulb globose, 6-10 in. diam., crowned with copious fibrous relics of old
leaves. Leaves 6-8, sessile, lanceolate, subcoriaceous, suberect, glabrous,
1-1} ft. long, 14-2 in. broad low down, Peduncle terete, stiffly erect,
longer than the leaves. Raceme dense, 100-flowered, 8-10 in. long;
pedicels 14-2 in. long, upper cernuous, lower ascending ; bracts lanceo-
late, acuminate, half as long as the pedicels. Perianth greenish-white,
13-1} in. long; segments half as long as the tube. Anthers nearly as
long as the filaments. Style not exserted—Lindneria fibrillosa, Dur. et
Lubb. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxxvi. ccxvii. t. 18; Baker in Gard.
Chron. 1890, viii. 240.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Pechuel-Loische.

Imported alive from Damaraland in 1886 by Mr. Lindner, and flowered at the
Brussels Botanic Garden in 1888.

No specimen at Kew.

20. HYACINTHUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Plant. iii, 812.

Perianth gamophyllous; tube campanulate or oblong; segments
subequal, spreading upwards, Stamens 6, inserted in the tube, shorter
than the perianth; filaments filiform or flattened at the base; anthers
versatile. Ovary sessile, ovoid, 3-celled; ovules few, superposed ` style
subulate; stigma small, capitate. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved, not
deeply lobed. Seeds subglobose; testa black ; albumen fleshy ; embryo
cylindrical. Rooitstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves contemporary with
the flowers, generally sessile, linear or lorate. Inflorescence racemose ;
bracts scariose, persistent.

Species 30, mostly Mediterranean and Oriental, 1 Madagascar, 2 in South Africa.

1. H. ledebourioides, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 427.
Bulb small, ovoid or subglobose, 4—1 in. diam.; outer tunics pale, mem-
branous. Leaves 3—6, oblong or linear-oblong, glabrous, 1-14 in. long,
narrowed into a distinct petiole. Peduncle very slender, 2-3 in. long.
Raceme dense or moderately dense, 1—2 in. long ; pedicels short ascend-
ing, articulated at the apex; bracts minute, deltoid. Perianth cylin-
drical, 4 in. long; tube subcylindrical ; segments linear-oblong, white,
with a slender l-nerved brown keel, twice as long as the _tube.
Anthers subsessile, biseriate, inserted above the middle of the perianth-
tube. Capsule depresso-globose, emarginate, 4 in. diam. Seeds
solitary.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi ; Sena, Kirk 7
Shupanga, in dry places on the tertiary hills, Kirk! British Central Africa : Nyasa-

Hyacinthus. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 525

land; Zomba and east end of Lake Shirwa, Meller ! and between Blantyre and
Matope, Scott !

Perhaps should be separated generically from Hyacinthus, from which it differs-
by its petiolate leaves and solitary seeds.

21. DRIMIA, Jacq.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Plant. iii. 808.

Perianth gamophyllous; tube oblong or campanulate; segments.
equal, longer than the tube, spreading or reflexed, linear or oblong ;
Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube; filaments nearly
or quite as long as the segments, filiform or flattened towards the base ;
anthers oblong. Ovary sessile, ovoid, 3-celled; ovules many, super-
posed; style subulate; stigma minute. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds flattened; testa black; albumen fleshy; embryo cylindrical.—
Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves often not contemporary with the
flowers. Flowers many, laxly racemose, greenish or purple.

Species 30, the others in South Africa.

Bracts large linear.

Bracts 4 in. long . : E : i . L D. robusta.
Bracts 4 in. long . : - : : : . 2. D. zombensis.
Bracts minute.
Perianth small ; segments flat.
Raceme short 3. D. Fischeri,
4. D. Barteri.

Raceme long. : 5 ` e
Perianth 3.3 in. long; segments channelled,
Leaves synanthous,
Leaves oblong.
Peduncles shorter than the leaves .
Peduncle much longer than the leaves
Leaves oblong-lanceolate.
Peduncle as long as the leaves
Peduncle much longer than the leaves

Leaves hysteranthous .

1. D. robusta, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 1902 Bulb and
leaves not seen. Peduncle very stout. Raceme dense, 8-12 in. long,
2-21 in. diam. when expanded ` central pedicels patent, ZZ in. long;
bracts linear, scariose, as long as the pedicels, protruding beyond the
buds. Perianth reddish-brown, 3 in. long; tube oblong; segments
linear, 3 times the length of the tube. Stamens nearly as long as the
perianth-segments; filaments filiform; anthers minute. Style over-
topping the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist.
Whyte! MeClounie!

May prove distinct from the Cape species when fully known.

. Colee,
. angustitepala,

. Hildebrandtii,
. brevifolia.
. laxiflora.

Op AM
Ssb bb

British Central Africa: Nyasaland: Mount Mlanje, 6000 ft.,

2. D. zombensis, Baker. Bulb globose, ł-1 in. diam.; tunics
brown, membranous, produced above its neck. Leaves not contem-
porary with the flowers, linear, glabrous, Peduncle slender, stiffly

526 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Drimia.

erect, 1}-2 ft. long. Raceme lax, cylindrical, 3-6 in. long; pedicels
4-1 in. long; bracts linear, } in. long. Perianth red-brown, $ in.
long ; tube campanulate; segments linear, 3 times the length of tube.
Stamens nearly as long as the segments; filaments filiform; anthers
subglobose, minute. Style not overtopping the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba, 3000-
5000 ft., Kirk !

3. D. Fischeri, Baker. Bulb oblong, 1 in. diam.; outer tunics
pale, rigid. ‘Leaves 3, contemporary with the flowers, erect, the two
outer oblong, 3—4 in. long, under an inch broad, the inner lanceolate,
narrowed to the base, membranous, glabrous. Peduncles 2 to a bulb,
erect, fragile, above a foot long. Raceme moderately dense, cylin-
drical, 3-4 in, long; bracts obsolete ; pedicels short, articulated at the
apex, the lower recurved. Perianth permanently campanulate, $ in.
long; tube short; segments oblong, flat, brownish-white. ‘Stamens
shorter than the perianth; anthers small, oblong. Ovary globose; style
short.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa, Fischer, 325!

No specimen at Kew,

4. D. Barteri, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 423. Bulb large,
globose. Leaves unknown, not contemporary with the flowers.
Peduncle stiffly erect, moderately stout, 14 ft. long. Raceme lax,
above 2 ft. long, 18-21 lin. diam.; bracts minute; pedicels spreading,
3—# in. long, articulated at the apex. Perianth 4 in. long; tube very
short; segments flat, linear-obiong with a pale margin and brown keel.
Stamens half as long as the perianth-segments; filaments short,
flattened. Capsule subglobose, deeply lobed, acutely angled, } in.
diam.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1183!

A connecting link between Drimia and Urginea,

5. D. Coleze, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 7565. Bulb large, globose.
Leaves contemporary with the flowers, oblong, 5-6 in. long, 2} in.
broad at the middle, glabrous, fleshy, spotted with dark green on a pale
green ground. Peduncle spotted, shorter than the leaves. Raceme
lax, 5-6 in. long; bracts minute; pedicels shorter than the flowers.
Perianth green, 4 in. long; tube campanulate; segments linear, re-
flexed. Stamens rathershorter than the perianth segments ; filaments
‘bright mauve-purple ; anthers minute. Style overtopping the anthers.

Wile Land. British Somaliland: Golis Range, Miss Edith Cole!

Described from living plants that flowered October 1896,

GD. angustitepala, Lngl. Jahrb. xv. 475. Bulb ovoid, nearly
l in. diam. Leaves contemporary with the flowers, oblong, narrowed
gradually to the base, 3—4 in. long, nearly 14 in. broad, Peduncle 2-3
times the length of the leaves. Raceme lax, 4 in. long; bracts small,

Drimia. ] CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 527

lanceolate ; pedicels as long as the flowers, purple. Perianth purple,
+ in, long; segments narrowly linear, rather dilated at the base,
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth-segments ; filaments filiform.
Ovary deeply 3-lobed ; style exserted.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba, Hildebrandt, 2644 !

No specimen at Kew.

7. D. Hildebrandtii, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 474, Bulb
globose, above 1 in diam. Leaves 5-6, contemporary with the flowers,
oblong-lanceolate, spotted, glabrous, 7—8 in. long, 14-14 in. broad.
Peduncle as long as the leaves. Raceme lax, cylindrical, 5-6 in. long;
bracts deltoid, minute; pedicels as long as the flowers. Perianth 4 in.
long; tube campanulate; segments linear. Stamens as long as the
perianth-segments. Capsule depresso-globose, acutely angled.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 2001! 2017!

8. D. brevifolia, Baker. Bulb ovoid, 3 in. diam., composed
of many thick oblong scales. Leaves contemporary with the flowers,
oblong-lanceolate, 3-4 in. long, an inch broad, erect, sessile, acute,
narrowed to the base, membranous, glabrous. Peduncle erect, fragile,
6-9 in. long. Raceme lax, 6—9 in. long; bracts obsolete; pedicels
4—3 in. long, articulated at the apex; upper flowers small, campanulate,
sterile. Perianth whitish, oblong-cylindrical, } in. long; tube short ;
segments linear, complicate. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ;
filaments subulate, bright mauve-purple; anthers small, oblong. Cap-
sule globose, 4 in, diam.

Nile Land. Somaliland: near the River Daua, at Dolo, Riva, 1251!

No specimen at Kew.

9. D. laxiflora, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 422. Bulb and
leaves unknown. Peduncle slender, fragile, 15-18 in. long. Raceme
very lax, 6-8 in. long, 10-15-flowered; bracts minute; lower pedicels
3-3 in. long, Perianth 4-44 lin. long, reddish-brown ; tube campanu-
late; segments oblong, twice as long as the tube. Stamens nearly
as long as the perianth-segments ; filaments flattened, twice as long as
the anthers. Style slightly exserted.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Quilimane, Kirk !

22, EUCOMIS, L’Herit.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Plant. iii. 813.

Perianth campanulate, polyphyllous, persistent; segments oblong,
subequal, spreading, connate only at the very base. Stamens 6, shorter
than the perianth, attached to the base of the segments; filaments
subulate from a dilated base; anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary globose,
sessile, 3-celled; ovules many, biseriate ; style short, subulate; stigma
capitate, minute. Capsule globose, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds
turgid or rather compressed; testa black or brown; albumen firm;

528 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Eucomis.

embryo cylindrical.—Rootstock a large tunicated bulb. Leaves all
radical, oblong or lorate. Inflorescence a dense raceme, crowned with a.
coma of reduced leaves. Flowers greenish.

Species 10, the others all South African.

1. E. zambesiaca, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1886, xxv. 9. Bulb
large, globose. Leaves sessile, lorate, subobtuse, 1-2 ft. long, 14-2 in.
broad above the middle, narrowed gradually to the base, scarcely at all
crisped, not spotted or striped on the back. Peduncle terete, unspotted,
6-9 in. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 4-8 in. long; pedicels short,
erecto-patent; bracts small, ovate. Perianth green, 4 in. long.
Stamens half as long as the perianth. Style as long as the globose
ovary. Capsule globose, obtusely trigonous, 4 in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mambane, 6000 ft., Kirk!
Mount Zomba, 5000-6000 ft., Whyte! Johnston! and without precise locality,
Buchanan !

First flowered in England by Messrs. Wallace of Colchester in November 1880.

23. ALBUCA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 809.

Perianth pollyphyllous; outer segments oblong, spreading at the
apex; inner connivent, cucullate at the apex. Stamens 6, hypogynous,
as long as the inner segments; filaments flattened or filiform; anthers
oblong, all perfect or the 3 outer abortive. Ovary oblong, 3-celled,
sessile ; ovules many, superposed; style triquetrous or filiform; stigma
usually 3-lobed. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds numerous,
compressed ; testa membranous, black; albumen fleshy; embryo cylin-
drical.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves all radical, linear or
terete. Inflorescence a cylindrical or corymbose raceme; pedicels
sometimes long; bracts persistent, membranous. Flowers large, white
or yellow; segments with a broad keel of green or red-brown.

Species about 50, the others all South African except one Arabian species. The
subgenus Hualbuca is not represented in Tropical Africa.

*FALCONERA. Style triquetrous, not longer than the

ovary. Stamens all with perfect anthers.
Perianth about } in. long.

Bracts small . S A S Š š . 1. A. myogaloides.

Bracts very large . í 2, A. longibracteata.
Perianth 2 1 in. long.

Leaves Z A in. broad ‘ Š a ‘ . 8. A. caudata.

Leaves 3-1 in. broad S S ‘ s S . 4. A. nyikensis,

**PALLASTEMA. Style subulate, usually longer than the
ovary. Stamens all with perfect anthers,
Perianth segments white, keeled with green.
Pedicels all short,

Perianth about 4 in. long,
Leaves subulate
Leaves linear,
Bracts lanceolate-subulate ` S S . 6. A. galeata.
Bracts ovate-acuminate S 2 F . D A. tayloriana.

e . . . 5. A. subspicata.

Albuca. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 529

Perianth about 3 in, long,

Leaves 3 ft. long . : ` : - 8, A, Kleckw.
Leaves 1-13 ft. long : - : 8 . 9. A. Allene,
Perianth lin, long =. $ ; : S . 10. A. Wakefieldii.
Lower pedicels 14 in. long : R 11. A. Donaldsoni,
Perianth-segments yellow, keeled with green,
Perianth 4 in. long.
Leaf terete, usually solitary . : : : . 12. A. monophylla.
Leaves linear, 3—4 : S : ; : . 13. A. Buchanani,
Perianth 3 in, long.
Leaves very short ` c i : ; . 14. A. hereroensis,
Leaves long, linear,
Bracts small . : : : : : . 15. A. Melleri.
Bracts 1-14 in. long : : : : . 16. A. abyssinica.
Perianth 1-14 in. long.
Leaves į}—4 in. broad.
Bracts small. - : : ; , 17. A. Lugardi,
Lower bracts 1-14 in. long : ; ‘ . 18. A. Schweinfurthii.
Leaves 1 in. or more broad,
Pedicels all short.
Bracts lanceolate, acuminate . S S , 19. A. chlorantha.
Bracts linear from an ovate base . ; . 20. A. angolensis.
Lower pedicels 1 in. long 3 . . 21. A. Bainesii.
Perianth-segments pale green with a narrow pale border 22. A. Schinzii.
23. A. purpurascens,
Colour of flowers uncertain . : : ; : l 24. A. Fischeri.
25. A. Steudneri.

1. A. myogaloides, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot.i. 250. Bulb ovoid, 1 in. diam. ; outer tunics brown, bristly at the apex.
Leaves 3—4, erect, narrowly linear, glabrous,1—2 ft. long, 4—4 in. broad.
Peduncle slender, 1—14 ft. long. Raceme lax, 6-12-flowered ; flowers
erect; pedicels ascending ; lower 2-3 in. long; bracts lanceolate ; lower
6-9 lin. long. Perianth $—3 in. long; segments white, with a broad
green or red-brown keel. Anthers all perfect. Style triquetrous, as
long as the ovary. Capsule oblong, as long as the perianth.—Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 166.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; Morro de Monino, on high rocks in the sub-
temperate region, Welwitsch, 3840 !

Nearly allied to 4. caudata, Jacq.

2. A. longibracteata, Hngl. Jahrb. xv. 472. Bulb and leaf
unknown. Raceme 8 in. long, dense, many-flowered ; lower pedicels
4 in. long ; bracts filiform from a lanceolate base; lower 3-4 in. long.
Perianth 4 in. long; segments oblong, with a broad green keel.
Anthers all perfect ; filaments lanceolate, three times the length of the
anthers. Ovary ovoid, rather shorter than the style.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba ; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2646.

No specimen at Kew,

3. A. caudata, Joen, Ic. t. 442. Bulb globose, 2~3 in. diam.
Leaves 4-6, linear, glabrous, 1 ft. long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle
VOL. VII. 2M

530 CXL, LILIACEE (BAKER). | Albuca.

1-1} ft. long. Raceme deltoid, 6-15-flowered; pedicels ascending ;
lower 3-4 in. long; bracts lanceolate, ?-1 in. long. Perianth ? in.
long ; segments white, with a broad brown keel. Anthers all fertile;
filaments lanceolate-subulate. Style triquetrous, as long as the ovary ;
stigma 3-lobed. Capsule oblong, ? in. long.—Baker in Saund. Ref.
Bot. t, 45, and in FI. Cap. vi. 458; Ornithogalum Kirkii, Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soe. xiii. 279.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi, at Shupanga, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; in woods between Blantyre and Matope, Scott !
Mount Sochi, Scott-Elliot, 8615! Mlanje Plateau, MeClounie !

Also in South Africa,

4, A. nyikensis, Baker. Leaves linear, glabrous, tapering
gradually to the point, ?-1 in. broad low down. Peduncle stout,
erect. Raceme lax, cylindrical, finally 1 ft. long; pedicels ascending;
lower 14-2 in. long; bracts lanceolate, acuminate; lower 1 in. long.
Perianth 1 in. long; segments linear-oblong, white, with a many-
nerved brown keel. Stamens all perfect, rather shorter than the
perianth ; filaments linear, dilated at the base. Ovary oblong, ł in.
tong 5 style stout, rather longer than the ovary. Capsule oblong, 2 in.
ong.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Nyika Plateau, 6000-
7000 ft., Whyte, 246!

5. A. subspicata, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 251.
Bulb subglobose, 4-3 in. diam.; outer tunics membranous, dull brown.
Leaves 3-4, erect, subulate, 4-1 ft. long, 1 lin. diam. low down.
Peduncle flexuose, 4—6 in. long. Raceme 4—12-flowered, 2—4 in. long;
pedicels short, ascending ; lower 4—4 in. long; bracts lanceolate ; lower
4-3 in. long. Perianth 4 in. long; segments white, with a broad
green keel. Stamens all perfect; anthers oblong; filaments linear,
subulate. Style subulate, reaching to the tip of the perianth; stigma
capitate.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 166.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Monino, on high rocks in the sub-
temperate region, Welwitsch, 3839!

6. A. galeata, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. 1.
251. Bulb small, ovoid; outer tunics brown, membranous. Leaves
linear, acuminate, 14-2 ft. long, }-} in. broad, channelled down the
face. Peduncle slender, 1-2 ft. long. Raceme lax, 3-5 in. long;
pedicels erecto-patent; lower 4 in. long; bracts Janceolate-subulate,
4-4 in. long. Perianth 4-3 in. long; segments white, with a broad
green keel, the three upper subgaleate. Stamens all fertile; anthers
oblong, } in. long; filaments linear-subulate. Style subulate, longer
than the ovary.

Lower Guinea. Angola; in stony woods near Giucanda, Welwitsch, 3837 !

7. A. tayloriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 424. Bulb
ovoid, 3 in. diam. Leaves narrowly linear. Peduncle nearly 2 ft.

Albuca. | CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER), 531

long. Raceme laxly 10-12-flowered, cylindrical, 4-5 in. long; lower
pedicels 4 in. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, as long as the pedicels.
Perianth 4 in. long; segments greenish-white, with a broad 7-nerved
purple keel. Anthers oblong, all fertile; filaments linear-subulate.
Style subulate, more than twice the length of the ovary.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, at Jomvu,
Taylor ! :

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, at Mirana-
kidiri-Porani, Taylor !

8. A. Pleckii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 40.
Bulb ovoid-globose, 3-4 in. diam. Leaves lanceolate, acute, 4 ft. long,
concave in the lower part of the face. Raceme cylindrical, 1 ft. long;
pedicels 4 in. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, cuspidate, 4 in. long.
Perianth } in. long; segments oblong, whitish, } in. broad. Stamens
all fertile; alternate filaments auricled at the base. Style nearly 4 in.
long.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; between Horn
Krantz and the Gans Bergen, on granite, Fleck, 137.

No specimen at Kew.

9. A. Allenz, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1888, iii. 10. Bulb
globose, 2 in. diam.; outer tunics pale brown. Leaves about 6,
ensiform, fleshy, bright green, glabrous, 1-14 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad.
Peduncle stiffly erect, 3-4 ft. long. Raceme lax, cylindrical, a foot
long; pedicels ascending, the lower under 1 in. long; bracts
lanceolate, acuminate; upper protruding beyond the buds. Perianth:
white, 2 in. long; segments oblong, broadly keeled with green; inner
spreading at the tip in the expanded flower. Filaments linear, sharply
constricted above a quadrate base; anthers oblong, all perfect. Style
subulate, 4 in. long; stigma capitate.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen received in December 1887,
from Sir C. W. Strickland! British Central Africa: North Nyasaland, Whyte !

10. A. Wakefieldii, Baker in Bot. Mag. i. 6429. Bulb ovoid,
14 in. diam.; tunics membranous, pale brown. Leaves 4-5, erect
linear, 1-14 ft. long, 1 in. broad low down. Peduncle terete, longer
than the leaves. Raceme very lax, cylindrical, 10-—12-flowered ;
pedicels ascending, the lower under 1 in. long; bracts small,
lanceolate. Perianth 1 in. long; segments oblong, white with a
broad green keel. Anthers all perfect; filaments panduriform in the
lower half. Ovary oblong; style subulate, more than twice as long
as the ovary.—Regel, Gartenfl. t. 1031; A. Hlwesi, Regel, Descr. vii.
25 2

Nile Land. British Somaliland, Miss Edith Cole! British East Africa: near
Mombasa, cultivated specimen, Wakefield !

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usagara Mountains, Hannington !
Lake Nyassa, Hort, Strickland !

Introduced into cultivation by the Rev. T. Wakefield.

532 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Albuca.

11, A. Donaldsoni, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 131. Bulb not
seen. Leaves linear, acuminate, with involute edges, reflexed, 1 ft.
long, 4—5 lin. broad low down. Peduncle shorter than the leaves.
Raceme dense, 6 in. long, 3—4 in. diam.; pedicels ascending ; lower
1} in, long; bracts linear from a triangular base, lower 2 in. long.
Perianth 8 lin. long; segments cucullate at the apex, white with a broad
3-5-nerved brown keel. Stamens all perfect; anthers } in. long; filaments
subulate from a triangular base. Ovary oblong, + in. long; style subulate,
as long as the ovary.

Nile Land. Somaliland; low country, east of the Shebele River, Donaldson
Smith.

No specimen at Kew.

12. A. monophylla, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
251. Bulb globose, under 1 in. diam.; outer tunics membranous,
brown. Leaf usually solitary, erect, terete, 1 ft. long, under 1 lin.
diam. Peduncle slender, shorter than the leaf. Raceme lax, 2-6-
flowered ; pedicels ascending, }-4 in. long; bracts small, lanceolate.
Perianth 4 in. long; segments yellow, with a broad green keel. Anthers
all perfect, oblong, 4 lin. long; filaments lanceolate-subulate. Style
subulate, 2-3 times the length of the ovary.—A. juncifolia, Welw. Herb.
not of Baker.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3838!

13. A. Buchanani, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 488. Bulb
small, ovoid. Leaves about 4, linear, acuminate, erect, 1-1} ft. long,
channelled down the face, obscurely ciliated on the margin. Peduncle
slender, as long as the leaves. Raceme lax, 3-4 in. long; pedicels
ascending, }-} in. long; bracts lanceolate, as long as the pedicels.
Perianth } in. long; segments yellow, with a broad green keel.
Anthers oblong, all perfect; filaments linear from an ovate base.
Ovary small, ovoid ; style subulate, 4 in. long

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew, October 1892.

14. A. hereroensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. m. 40.
Bulb. 3 in. diam., crowned with a ring of fibres. Leaves linear-lanceo-
late, 4 in. long, concave in the lower part of the face. Raceme ge?
drical, 8 in. long ; pedicels ascending, the lower } in. long ; bracts Sh
long. Perianth 3 in. long; segments oblong, } in. broad, yellow wit
a broad brown keel. Stamens all fertile; filaments auricled at the
base. Style as long as the ovary.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland ; at Horn Krantz, on
granite, Fleck, 139! and without precise locality, Schinz, 2!

15. A. Melleri, Baker. Bulb ovoid, 14 in. diam. Leaves ome
linear, 1} ft. long, 4—4 in. broad low down, clasping the base gë
peduncle. Peduncle 1-2 ft. long. Raceme very lax, 6-9 in. long ;

Albuca. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 533

pedicels very short; bracts linear, LL in. long. Perianth 3 in. long ;
segments oblong, green, with a narrow yellow margin. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth; anthers all perfect ; filaments much dilated
towards the base. Style subulate, 4-} in. long. Capsule oblong,
obtusely angled, 2 in. long.—Ornithogalum Melleri, Baker in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xiii. 280.

Nile Land. Somaliland: Hammar, Miss Edith Cole! British East Africa$
40-60 miles from the coast, Johnston !

Mozamb,. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi ; Shupanga Forest,
Scott! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, near Mount Sochi,
Meller ! at Murchison Falls, on the River Shire, Meller! Northern Zambesia :
Boruma, Menyharth, 1241!

16. A. abyssinica, Dryand. in Vet. Acad. Nya Handl. Stockh.
1784, 297. Bulb globose, 1-2 in. diam.; outer tunics dull brown,
membranous. Leaves 6-8, erect, linear, 2-3 ft. long, 4-1 in. broad
low down. Peduncle stiffly erect, 14-3 ft. long. Raceme moderately
dense, cylindrical, 4-1 ft. long; pedicels ascending, }-} in. long;
bracts lanceolate-subulate, protruding beyond the buds; lower 1-14 in.
long. Perianth 3 in. long ; segments linear-oblong, pale yellow, with a
broad green or red-brown keel. Stamens all perfect; anthers small,
oblong; filaments lanceolate-subulate. Style subulate, } in. long.—
Jacq. Ic. t. 64; Red. Lil. t. 195; Kunth, Enum. iv. 376; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 289; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 165;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 75.

Nile Land. Eritrea: in the neighbourhood of Acrur, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth d
Riva, 2151! Geleb, 5400 ft., Schweinfurth Ar Riva, 1417, 1528, 1824; in the great
valley above Ginda, 3200-4800, Schweinfurth & Riva, 513; Donkollo Heights, near
Ginda, 3200 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 269, 396; Mount Faracb, near Ailet, Schwein-
Surth & Riva, 461; Saganeiti, Schweinfurth & Riva, 822, 1242; and Mount Kube,
5900 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1508. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Jan Meda, 8500-
10,000 ft., Schimper, 486! and without precise locality, Schimper, 756! Plowden !

Also in Arabia.

17. A. Lugardi, Baker. Leaves firm, linear, glabrous, above 1 ft.
long, }-4 in. broad low down. Peduncle moderately stout, stiffly
erect, 2 ft. long. Raceme 1 ft. long, many-flowered, cylindrical; pedicels
ascending, the lower under 1 in, long; bracts small, lanceolate.
Perianth nearly 1 in. long; segments oblong, bright yellow, with a
many-nerved broad green keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth ;
anthers oblong, 4 in. long; filaments slightly flattened. Style subulate,
just overtopping the anthers.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland: Botletle Valley, Lugard,
216!

18. A. Schweinfurthii, Zngl. Jahrb. xv. 473. Bulb ovoid, 1 in.
diam. Leaves linear, 2-2} ft. long, 4 in. broad. Peduncle longer than
the leaves. Raceme 20-30-flowered, above 1 ft. long ; pedicels very
short; bracts lanceolate, acuminate ; lower 1-1} in. long. Perianth
nearly 1 in. long; segments linear-oblong, pale yellow, with a broad

534 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). | Albuca.

red-brown keel. Stamens all perfect ; anthers linear-oblong ; filaments
linear, 5—6 times the length of the anthers. Style subulate, twice the
length of the ovoid-oblong ovary. Capsule ovoid, above 4 in. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Niamniam; at the River Boddo, near Abu
Samat’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, ser. iii., 168.

No specimen at Kew.
t

19. A. chlorantha, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 251. Bulb globose, 14 in. diam.; outer tunics membranous,
brown. Leaves several, ensiform, 14-2 ft. long, above 1 in. broad
low down, tapering gradually to a long point. Peduncle 2-3 ft. long.
Raceme moderately dense, cylindrical, 1 ft. long; pedicels very short ;
bracts lanceolate, acuminate, the lower 1 in. long. Perianth about
1 in. long ; segments linear-oblong, yellow, with a broad green keel.
Stamens all fertile ; anthers oblong, 4 in. long ; filaments linear-subulate.
Style subulate, 4 in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo ; banks of the River Cuanza, Wel-
witsch, 3835 !

20. A. angolensis, Welw. ex Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 336.
Bulb large, ovoid; outer tunics membranous. Leaves 6—8, suberect,
ensiform, 2-3 ft. long, 1 in. broad low down, narrowed gradually
from the middle to the apex. Peduncle stiffly erect, reaching a length
of 5-6 ft. Raceme cylindrical, dense upwards, 1-1} ft. long ; pedicels
short, erecto-patent, the lower 1-4 in. long; bracts linear from an ovate
base, 1-14 in. long, protruding beyond the buds. Perianth 1 in. or
more long; segments linear-oblong, yellow, with a broad green or red-
brown keel. Stamens all fertile; anthers oblong ; filaments subulate
from a lanceolate base. Style slender, 4—3 in. long.—Baker in Trans.
Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 251; Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 290 ; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 166. A abyssinica, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1872, 392.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in meadows near Lopollo, Welwitsch,

3836! and without precise locality, Antunes ! Malange, Buchner ! Pungo Andongo,
Mechow!

South Central. Lunda, Pogge, 433.

21. A. Bainesii, “Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 290. Leaves
linear, 14-2 ft. long, 1 in. broad low down, channelled down the
face. Peduncle stout. Raceme moderately dense, 15-18 in. long;
pedicels ascending, lower 1 in. long; bracts lanceolate-subulate,
protruding beyond the buds; lower as long as the pedicels. Perianth
1-1} in. long; segments oblong, pale yellow, with a many-nerved red-
brown keel. Stamens all fertile; anthers small, oblong ; filaments
lanceolate-subulate, 3 in. long. Style subulate, 8—9 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; between Kobis and
North Shaw Valley, Baines /

22. A. Schinzii, Baker. Bulb globose, 2-3 in. diam. Leaves 4,
erect, lanceolate or linear, sheathing the lower part of the stem, the
outer one the largest, 6-8 in. long, 1 in. broad at the middle.

Albuca.] CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 535

Peduncle moderately stout, rather overtopping the leaves. Raceme
dense, subcorymbose, 3 in. long ; pedicels erecto-patent, the lower 14 in.
long; bracts oblong-lanceolate, the lower 4 in. long. Perianth } in.
long; segments oblong, green, with a very narrow pale edge. Stamens
shorter than the perianth ; filaments lanceolate. Style subulate, } in.
long. À
Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Schinz!

No specimen at Kew.

23. A. purpurascens, ngl. Jahrb. xv. 473. Bulb globose,
23-3 in. diam., crowned with the bristly relics of the old leaves,
Leaves linear, 1-14 ft. long. Peduncle rather longer than the leaves.
Raceme 10-15-flowered, 6-8 in. long; pedicels erecto-patent, half as
long as the flowers; bracts lanceolate, lower above E in. long. Perianth
4-4 in. long ; segments linear-oblong, 4 in. broad, with a broad purplish
- keel. Stamens all fertile; filaments lanceolate, 2-3 times the length
of the linear-oblong anthers. Ovary ovoid. Style subulate, twice the
length of the ovary. Capsule ovoid, 4-4 in. long.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur ; near Kurshook Alis Seriba, Schwein-
ferth, 1659! Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2129! and the west bank of the River Jur,
Schweinfurth, 1504, 1522, 1907. Mittu; Kuraggera, Schweinfurth, 2786! and
Dimindu, Schweinfurth, 3796.

No specimen at Kew.

24. A. Fischeri, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 165. Leaves
linear, acuminate, 14 ft. long, 1 in. broad at the middle. Peduncle
rather longer than the leaves, Raceme lax, 9—10 in. long; pedicels
finally as long as the bracts; bracts linear-subulate, 4-4 in. long.
Perianth above 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, {—} in. broad, with
a broad green keel. Stamens all fertile; filaments linear-subulate from
a broad base. Style slender, 3 times the length of the ovary. Capsule
ovoid, above 4 in. long.

Mozamb., Dist. German East Africa: at Wadiboma, August 1885, Fischer,
598 (ex Engler). The locality intended is probably Kwediboma, near Mgera, in Nguru
District.

No specimen at Kew,

25. A. Steudneri, Schweinf. d Engl.in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 472. Bulb
above lin. diam. Leaves linear, 6-10 in. long, }~-} in. broad low down.
Peduncle 1 ft. or more long. Raceme lax, 8-10-flowered ` pedicels
erecto-patent, half as long as the flowers; bracts lanceolate, acuminate ;
lower above 4 in. long. Perianth above } in. long; segments linear,
zy in. broad, with a broad green keel. Stamens all fertile ; anthers
small, oblong ; filaments lanceolate. Style filiform, twice as long as
the ovary. Capsule oblong, 4 in. long.

Wile Land. Galabat, Steudner, 449.

No specimen at Kew.

536 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). | Urginea.

24. URGINEA, Steinh.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 810.

Perianth polyphyllous; segments oblong, subequal, spreading, with `
a l- or 3—5-nerved brown keel. Stamens 6, shorter than the perianth,
attached to the base of the perianth-segments; filaments filiform or
slightly flattened ; anthers 6, small, versatile. Ovary sessile, ovoid ;
ovules several in a cell, superposed; style subulate; stigma small,
capitate. Capsule deeply 3-lobed, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds flat,
uniseriate ; testa membranous, black or brown-black; albumen fleshy ;
embryo cylindrical.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves linear or
terete, often not developed with the flowers. Inflorescence racemose ;
bracts membranous, usually, especially the lower, spurred at the base.

Flowers whitish, never bright blue.

Species 40-50. Also in South Africa, the Mediterranean Region, and India,

Perianth-segments i-nerved on the back.
Raceme oblong or cylindrical,
Perianth 4—4 in. long.
Raceme 1-6 in. long.

Spur of lower bracts minute . 1. U. mandalensis.

Spur of lower bracts large 2. U. Nyase.
Raceme 1-1} ft. long.

Lower pedicels Z 2 in. long . 3. U. psilostachya.

Lower pedicels 4-2 in. long . 4. U. micrantha.

Perianth 4 in. long.

Lower pedicels 4—4 in. long.

Bulb globose 5. U. simensis.

Bulb oblong Í 6. U. sanguinea.
Lower pedicels 2 1 in. long. d

Keel of perianth-segments green tans viridula.

Keel of perianth-segments red-brown 8. U. altissima.

Raceme few-flowered S 9. U. pauciflora.

Raceme dense, subglobose,

Peduncle very short. :
Perianth 4 in. long . . 10. U. Johnstonv.
Perianth 4 in, long . . 11. U. brachystachys.

Peduncle long EE . 12. U. Brage.

Perianth-segments 3-5 nerved on the back.

Bracts deltoid, minute. EE
Capsule oblong, subacute 13. U. indica.‘ ;
Capsule globose 14. U. zambesiaca, '

Bracts lanceolate, large. oi
Perianth 4-4 in, long . 15. U. petitiana. |
Perianth 2 2 in. long.

Raceme 3-6 in. long. :
Leaves 7-8 in. long 16. U. tayloriana.
Leaves 1-2 ft. long 17. U. angolensis.

Raceme 1-1} ft. long 18. U. comosa..

Perianth 4 in. long 19. U. Becears.

Perianth 4—3 in. long . - 20. U. agree

Perianth lin. long . » 21. U. acinacifolia.

1, U. mandalensis, Baker.

Bulb small, globose.
anthous, unknown. Peduncle very slender, 3—4 in. long.

Leaves hyster-
Raceme lax,

Urginea. | CXL. LILIACEX (BAKER). 537

1 in. long; pedicels short, ascending ; bracts ovate, minutely spurred.
Perianth campanulate, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, white with
` a l-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers
oblong, small.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Ndirandi Mountain, near
Blantyre, growing on tufts of sedge, Scott-Elliot, 8476!

2. U. Nyasze, Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 50.
Bulb small. Leaves hysteranthous, not seen. Peduncle very slender,
4 ft. long. Raceme moderately lax, cylindrical, 2-6 in. long; pedicels
ascending, lower 4 in. long; lower bracts small, ovate, with a large
subulate spur. Perianth campanulate, } in. long; segments oblong-
lanceolate, white with a 1-nerved red-brown keel. Stamens much
shorter than the perianth; anthers oblong, small; filaments linear-
subulate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Mlanje, 6000 ft.,
Whyte! McClounie, 72! and without precise locality, Buchanan.

3. U. psilostachya, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot. i. 247. Bulb globose, 4-6 in. diam.; tunics whitish, coriaceous.
Leaves 5-6, produced after the flowers, firm, ensiform, glabrous, 14—2 ft.
long, under 1 in. broad. Peduncle moderately stout, 2-3 ft. long.
Raceme lax, cylindrical, 1-14 ft. long; lower pedicels spreading,
4-1 in. long; bracts minute, linear, spurred near the base. Perianth
campanulate, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, whitish, with a
l-nerved green or red-brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the
perianth ; anthers oblong; filaments linear-subulate. Capsule globose,
acutely angled, 4 in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Loango; common near the sea, Thollon, 1310! Lower
Congo ; Post of Ganciu, Brazza, Angola: Cazengo; on dry sandy hills, Welwitsch,
3807 !

4. U. micrantha, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Athiop. 294.
Bulb very large, with thick brown tunics. Leaves linear, not developed
with the flowers. Peduncle stiffly erect, 1-2 ft. long. Raceme mode-
rately dense, cylindrical, 1-1} ft. long; pedicels rigid, erecto-patent,
articulated at the apex, the lower 4—4 in. long; bracts minute, lanceo-
late, or deltoid, the lower shortly spurred. Perianth } in. long;
segments oblong, with a 1-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than
the perianth; anthers minute, oblong. Capsule globose, acutely
angled, } in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 217; Schweinf. in
Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 76,111. Scilla micrantha, A. Rich, Tent.
Fl. Abyss, ii. 328.

Upper Guinea. North bank of the Gambia, Ozanne! Dagomba: Salaga, on
the Upper Volta, Krause! Lagos: on rocks at Ado, and on the road to Ischin,
Rowland !

Nile Land. Eritrea: near Acrur, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1823! on
mountains near Keren, 4500-5900 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 997, 1801. Abyssinia,
Quartin-Dillon! British East Africa: Jur; Kurshook Ali’s Seriba, Schweinfurth

538 CXL, LILIACEE (BAKER). [ Urginea.

ser, iii. 160! Abu Guroon’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, ser. iii. 161! Mittu; at Reggo,
Schweinfurth, 2789! Madi ; on rocky ground, Speke & Grant, 702!
Lower Guinea. French Congo; between Brouse and Zenze, Laurent !

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karague; on dry hil] sides, 4000-
5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8148 !

5. U. simensis, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294. Bulb globose,
3-4 in. diam.; outer tunics pale brown, membranous. Leaves not seen,
not contemporary with the flowers. Peduncle short, stiffly erect, 4-2 ft.
long. Raceme dense, 3—4 in. long; pedicels ascending; lower LA in.
long; bracts small, linear; lower 4-} in. long, obscurely spurred.
Perianth campanulate, } in. long; segments linear-oblong, white, with
a l-nerved pale brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth;
anthers small; filaments linear; style not exserted. Capsule globose,
4-4 in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 222; Engl. Hoch-
gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 166. Scilla simensis, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl.
Abyss. ii. 327.

Wile Land. Abyssinia: Samen; on mountain sides, near Abbu Mekanna and
Bebra Joa, Schimper ! Shoa; mountains of Touglete District, Petit.

Very near the well-known U. maritima, Baker, which is widely spread in the
Mediterranean region, and occurs also at the Cape.

6. U. sanguinea, Schinz in Verhand. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. xxxi.
219. Bulb oblong, 3 in. long, 2 mm. diam.; tunics brown, coriaceous.
Leaves not seen, not developed till after the flowers. Peduncle long,
moderately stout, stiffly erect. Raceme cylindrical, dense, 1 ft. long;
pedicels short, erecto-patent ; lower finally 4-} in. long; bracts minute,
lanceolate, deciduous. Perianth 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong,
white, with a l-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth ;
anthers minute, oblong; filaments slightly flattened, style not exserted.
Capsule globose, 4 in. diam.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; near Olukonda,

“ the first flower before the rains,” Schinz, 8! 18! 25. Hereroland ; Horn Krantz,
Fleck, 136, and Omambonde, Schinz.

7. U. viridula, Baker. Bulb globose, 3 in. diam. Leaves not
seen, not developed till after the flowers. Peduncle stout, stiffly erect,
3 ft. long. Raceme lax, cylindrical, nearly 1 ft. long; pedicels
ascending ; lower 3 in. long ; bracts membranous, white, minute, lanceo-
late from an ovate base, Perianth oblong, + in. long; segments linear-
oblong, whitish, with a l-nerved green keel. Stamens shorter than
the perianth; anthers oblong, much shorter than the linear filaments.
Style not exserted.

Lower Guinea, Congo, cultivated specimen, Hort. Bull !

Flowered September 1886.

8. U. altissima, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 221. Bulb
globose, 4-6 in. diam.; outer tunics brown, coriaceous. Leaves 5-6,
not contemporary with the leaves, lorate-lanceolate, glabrous, 1-14 it.
long. Peduncle stout, stiffly erect, 3-4 ft. long. Raceme cylindrical,

Urginea. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 539

1-2 ft. long; pedicels rigid, spreading or erecto-patent, articulated at
the apex, the lower $~-1 in. long; bracts small, lanceolate, spurred.
Perianth campanulate, Ä in. long; segments oblong, with a 1-nerved
red-brown keel. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; anthers
small, oblong; filaments slightly flattened. Capsule globose, acutely
angled, 4 in. diam,—Fl. Cap. vi. 470; Ornithogalum altissimum, Linn.
f. Suppl. 199; Kunth, Enum. iv. 357; O. giganteum, Jacq. Hort.
Schoen, t.87; Drimia altissima, Gawl. Bot. Mag. t. 1074.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Kafogo, Scott-Elliot, 5537 ! Niger Terri-
tory: Nupe; between Ilorin and the Niger, Barter, 3432!

Lower Guinea, Loango: near Ponta Negra, Soyaux, 117!

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5000, Carson !
Nyasaland ` Magomero, Meller ! Shire Valley, at the foot of Mpimbe Hill, Kirk !
between Blantyre and Matope, in woods, 2300 ft., Scott! Mount Mlanje, Whyte !
Zomba, and vicinity, 2500-3500 ft., Whyte! Shire Highlands, Buchanan !

Also in South Africa.

9. U. pauciflora, Baker. Bulb oblong, 1 in. diam.; outer tunics
white. Leaves not developed with the flowers, not seen. Peduncle
slender, stiffly erect, 24 in. long. Flowers 2-3, approximate; pedicels
short, ascending; bracts small, lanceolate, not spurred. Perianth campa-
nulate, } in. long ; segments linear-oblong, white with a l-nerved broad
brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers linear-oblong,
a line long; filaments flattened, } in. long. Style not exserted.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Wallia, on the River Scarcies, in dry, bare,
and burnt places, Scott-Elliot, 4580 !

10. U. Johnstoni, Baker. Bulb and leaves not seen. Peduncle
erect, 1 in. long. Raceme corymbose, 15-20 flowered, 14-1} in.
long; pedicels erecto-patent ; lower 4 in. long; upper growing gra-
dually shorter; bracts minute, lanceolate, not spurred. Perianth
campanulate, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, white with a very
distinct 1-nerved brown keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth ;
anthers oblong, minute; filaments linear. Style not exserted.

Lower Guinea. Angola: near the River Cunene, Johuston !

11. U. brachystachys, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 474. Bulb
globose, 3 in. diam. Leaves unknown, not contemporary with the
flowers. Peduncle very short. Raceme congested, globose; pedicels
above 4 in. long; bracts minute, deltoid. Perianth 4 in. long;
segments linear-oblong, white with a l-nerved red-brown keel
Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers minute, oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; at Kakoma, on dry, burnt
ground, Böhm, 62!

No specimen at Kew.

12. U. Bragæ, Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 142. Bulb large, oblong.
Leaves contemporary with the flowers, rigid, grey-green, narrowly
linear, with a slightly involute margin and 5-7 prominent pilose ribs.

540 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Urginea.

Peduncle 2-23 times the length of the leaves, shortly pilose. Raceme
dense, many-flowered, broadly conical; pedicels slender, 1} times
longer than the perianth; bracts lanceolate. Perianth segments
oblong, white, 1-nerved. Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers
oblong.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Beira, Braga!

No specimen at Kew,

13. U. indica, Kunth, Enum. iv. 333. Bulb globose, 2-3 in.
diam. Leaves developed after the flowers, linear, glabrous, 4—1 ft.
long. Peduncle fragile, slender, 1-2 ft. long. Raceme very lax,
3-1 ft. long; pedicels ascending, the lower finally 1-2 in. long; bracts
minute, deltoid, evanescent. Perianth funnel-shaped, 4-4 in. long;
segments oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, whitish, with a 2~3-nerved
brownish-green keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers
linear-oblong, 4 in. long; filaments slightly flattened, } in. long.
Capsule oblong, subacute, 4—3 in. long.— Wight, Ic. t. 2063; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 222; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. 1.
76,111. U. senegalensis, Kunth, Enum. iv. 334.

Upper Guinea. Senegambia: near Richard-Tol, Lelievre. Sierre Leone:
Wallia, Scott-Elliot, 4572! Durunia, Scott-Elliot, 4817! Lomaburn, Scott-Elliot,
5019! and without precise locality, Morson ! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1099!
Dagomba ; Salaga, Krause, 41!

Nile Land. Eritrea: near Dessi, Schweinfurth & Riva, 1779 ; and near Saati,
1000 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 50. British East Africa: Ghazal River, at Meshra.
Schweinfurth, 1262! 1279!

Also in India.

14. U. zambesiaca, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 223. Bulb
ovoid, 2 in. diam. Leaves narrowly linear, glabrous, not contemporary
with the flowers. Peduncle moderately stout, 2 ft. or more long.
Raceme very lax, above 1 ft. long; pedicels ascending, the lower ł-1 in.
long; bracts minute, deltoid, fugacious. Perianth funnel-shaped, } in.
long ; segments oblanceolate-oblong, whitish, with a 2—3-nerved greenish-
brown keel, Stamens shorter than the perianth ; anthers small, oblong ;
filaments linear. Capsule globose, } in. diam.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; near Expedition
Island, Kirk, 128!

15. U. petitiana, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. dithiop. 294.
- Bulb subglobose, 1-14 in. diam. Leaves linear, glabrous, not contem-
porary with the flowers. Peduncle moderately stout, stiffly erect, 2 ft.
long. Raceme cylindrical, dense in the upper half, 4 ft. long; pedicels
very short, ascending ; bracts linear-subulate, not spurred, }—} in. long.
Perianth 4—4 in. long; segments white, with a 2—3-nerved greenish-
brown keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers small,
oblong; filaments linear. Style not exserted.—Scilla petitiana, A. Rich.
Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 328.

Wile Land. Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 21! Abyssinia: mountains of
Shoa, Petit.

Urginea. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 541

16. U. tayloriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 424. Bulb
large, globose. Leaves 7, contemporary with the flowers, rigid, linear-
subulate from a sheathing base, 7-8 in. long, }-} in. broad. Peduncle
under 1 ft. long. Raceme 3 in. long, dense upwards; pedicels 4—4 in.
long; bracts subulate from a triangular base, not spurred ; lower A in.
long. Perianth } in. long ; segments oblong-spathulate, white, with a
3-nerved red keel. Anthers small, oblong; filaments flattened, 4 in.
long. Capsule globose, nearly } in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between the coast and Uyui, Taylor,

No specimen at Kew.

17. U. angolensis, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 364. Bulb globose,
1-1} in. diam.; tunics membranous. Leaves 6-8, contemporary with
the flowers, linear, glabrous, 1—2 ft. long, }-1 in. broad low down.
Peduncle stiffly erect, 1-1} ft. long. Raceme 4-6 in. long, dense
upwards ; pedicels erecto-patent ; lower 4—} in. long ; bracts subulate,
not spurred, 4—2 in. long, projecting beyond the buds. Perianth funnel-
shaped, 4 in. long ; segments oblanceolate, obtuse, white, with a broad
5-nerved brown keel, Stamens rather shorter than the perianth;
anthers small, oblong; filaments linear. Capsule depresso-globose,
2 in. diam.—U. chlorantha, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,
Bot, i. 248.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, Pungo Andongo and Golungo Alto, Wel-
witsch, 3810! 3812! Ambriz, Monteiro !

18. U. comosa, Welw. ex Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
247. Bulb large, globose; tunics membranous. Leaves 6-8, contem-
porary with the flowers, ensiform, acuminate, glabrous, 2-3 ft. long,
1 in. broad low down, tapering gradually to the point. Peduncle stout,
stiffly erect, 3 ft. and more long. Raceme moderately dense, cylindrical,
1-1} ft. long; pedicels ascending ; lower finally 1 in. long ; bracts large,
subulate, projecting beyond the buds. Perianth $ in. long; segments
oblanceolate, obtuse, with a 5-nerved green or brown keel. Stamens
rather shorter than the perianth; anthers small, oblong; filaments
flattened. Capsule depresso-globose, ł in. diam.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes and Huilla, in wooded pastures, Wel-
witsch, 3814! 3815!

19. U. Beccarii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii, 223. Bulb
ovoid, 14 in. diam. Leaves contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, -
glabrous, 5—6 in. long, 1 in. broad low down. Peduncle about as long
as the leaves. Raceme laxly 10-15-flowered, 5—6 in. long; pedicels }—}
in. long; bracts persistent, as long as the pedicels. Perianth 4 in. long ;
segments oblong, whitish, with a many-nerved, obscure, green keel.
Filaments slightly flattened, rather shorter than the perianth. Style
straight, reaching to the tip of the perianth-segments.— Martelli, Fi.
Bogos. 86.

Nile Land. Eritrea: Keren, 4000-4500 ft., Beccari, 121!

No specimen at Kew.

542 CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER). | Urginea.

20. U. nigritana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 224. Bulb
moderately large ; outer tunics copiously fibrous at the apex. Leaves
linear, glabrous, channelled down the face, 1-1} ft. long. Peduncle
stiffly erect, 15-2 ft. long. Raceme lax, finally 1-14 ft. long; upper
pedicels short ; lower finally 1-14 in. long ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate ;
lower 3-3? in. long. Perianth }—-? in. long; segments linear-oblong,
whitish, with a broad laxly 5-nerved red-brown keel. Stamens shorter
than the perianth; anthers oblong, 5}, in. long; filaments linear. Style
reaching to the tips of the perianth. Capsule ovoid, shallowly lobed,
4—3 in. long.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Falaba, on bare open spots, Scott-Elliot, 5171!
and on the laterite plateau on the way to Sulimania, Scott-Elliot, 5289 ! interior of
Western Lagos, Rowland! Niger Territory: Nupe ; common in open places, between
Ijayo and Ilorin, Barter, 3335! and at Jeba, on the River Niger, Barter !

. Nile Land. British East Africa: Mittu; Dimido (Dimindu), Schweinfurth,
2796! Niamniam, at the River Boddo, Schweinfurth, ser. iii. 168! Uganda;
Kampala, Scott-Elliot, 7337 !

21. U. acinacifolia, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb.
xxxi. 220. Bulb medium-sized, globose. Leaves 5—6, contemporary with
the flowers, linear, glabrous, very acuminate, 14-2 ft. long. Peduncle
stiffly erect, 3 ft. long. Raceme lax, 1 ft. long; pedicels short, ascend-
ing; bracts linear-subulate, 3-1 in. long. Perianth 1 in. long ; segments
linear-oblong, whitish, with a broad laxly 5-nerved red-brown keel.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; anthers oblong, ;1, in. long;
filaments linear. Style subulate, 4 in. long. Capsule ovoid, 1 in. long,
not deeply lobed.

Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa: Amboland ; at Oshando, Schinz,
24!

Imperfectly known species.

22. U. quartiniana, Solms in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294.
Bulb small, ovoid. Leaves linear, glabrous. Peduncle 6-8 in. long,
slender. Raceme lax, 3-6-flowered ; pedicels short ; bracts linear, twice
as long as the pedicels. Perianth }-} in. long; segments oblong,
cucullate at the apex, with very thin margins and a stouter middle.
Filaments nearly as long as the perianth.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc.
xiii. 223. Scilla quartiniana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 329.

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shire, Quartin-Dillon.

No specimen at Kew.

25. DRIMIOPSIS, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 813.

Perianth campanulate; segments subequal, ovate or oblong, without
any distinct dorsal rib, cucullate at the apex, connate only at the very
base. Stamens 6,shorter than the perianth, attached to the base of the
segments ; filaments very short, dilated ; anthers ovoid, versatile. Ovary
sessile, globose, 3-celled; ovules 2 in a cell, collateral; style short,
subulate; stigma minute, capitate. Capsule globose, loculicidally 3-valved.

Drimiopsis. | CXL. LILIACEE (BAKER). 543

Seeds solitary, turgid; testa black ; albumen fleshy; embryo cylindrical.—
Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves sessile or petiolate. Inflorescence
dense, racemoso-spicate ` upper flowers minute, abortive, as in Muscari
and Lachenalia ; bracts generally obsolete. Flowers small, white.
Species 10-12, the others South Africa.
Leaves narrowed to the base.
Leaves 1 in. broad . : : : : 5 - 1: D. Barterz.
Leaves 14 in. broad S i : S See
Leaves 2 in. broad.
Leaves acute : ; : S S . 3. D. botryoides.
Leaves obtuse. : g : : . 4. D. Stuhlmanni.
Leaves 3 in. broad . 5. D. Volkensii.
Leaves rounded at the base.
Leaves oblong : i : : : o . 6. D. Holstit,
Leaves orbieular ` . SE ; S . 7. D. perfoliata,

1. D. Barteri, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 18. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves oblanceolate, 6-8 in. long, 1 in. broad above
the middle, not distinctly petiolate, narrowed gradually to the clasping
base. Peduncle 6-8 in. long. Raceme dense, subspicate, oblong-
cylindrical, 14-24 in. long; bracts obsolete. Buds subglobose ;
perianth-segments oblong, 4 in. long. Stamens shorter than the
perianth-segments ; filaments deltoid.—Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 228.

Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; in rocky places, Barter, 1512! and
on the plains of Ilorin, Barter, 3445!

2. D. Kirkii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1874, ii. 644. Bulb
globose, 14 in. diam.; outer tunics white, truncate. Leaves 6-8,
lorate, 6-8 in. long, 14 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
into a broad channelled petiole shorter than the blade, pale green, with
copious irregular blotches of dark green. Peduncle 1-14 ft. long.
Raceme 3-6 in. long, lax in the lower half; pedicels very short;
bracts obsolete. Perianth } in. long; segments oblong. Filaments
lanceolate. Style A in. long —Bot. Mag. t. 6276.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: cultivated specimen, Kirk !

First flowered at Kew, October 1874.

3. D. botryoides, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 17. Bulb
globose, 14 in. diam. Leaves 7—8 to a bulb, oblong, $ ft. long, 2 in.
broad at the middle, narrowed gradually into a broad channelled
petiole half as long as the blade, thick and fleshy in texture, mottled
on the upper surface with blotches of dark green on a pale green
ground. Peduncle terete, 1 ft. or more long. Raceme subspicate,
3-4 in. long; pedicels very short; bracts obsolete. Perianth } in.
long; segments oblong; upper flowers minute, abortive. Filaments
lanceolate, half as long as the perianth-segments.—Journ. Linn. Soc.
xii. 227,

Mozamb, Dist. Zanzibar, cultivated specimen, Kirk! East Africa: without
locality, Herb, Blackburn !

Flowered at Kew, July 1873.

544 CXL, LILIACE# (BAKER). [ Drimiopsis.

4. D. Stuhlmanni, Baker. Bulb not seen. Leaves several,
contemporary with the flowers, sessile, oblong, 3-4 in. long, 2 in.
broad at the middle, obtuse, clasping the base of the stem, mem-
branous. Peduncle as long as the leaves. Spike dense, oblong, under
l in. long. Perianth campanulate, greenish-white, $4 in. long.
Stamens and style very short.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ukami; South-west Uluguru, 1200 ft.,
Stuhlmann, 9308 !

5. D. Volkensii, Baker. Bulb 14-2 in. diam. Leaves oblong,
contemporary with the flowers, 6-9 in. long, 3 in. broad at the middle,
acute, narrowed gradually to the sessile base, thick, fleshy, spotted with
green all over the face. Peduncle nearly 1 ft. long. Raceme dense,
cylindrical, 3—4 in, long; pedicels scarcely any. Perianth 4 in. long;
segments oblong, white with a green keel. Capsule the size of a small
pea.— Scilla Volkensii, Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 142.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Kilimanjaro; below Marangu, 3000 ft.
Volkens, 2164!

6. D. Holstii, Angl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 143. Leaves oblong from a
broad base, acute. Peduncle 2-3 times the length of the leaves.
Raceme dense, conic; pedicels very short, Buds globose; perianth-
segments oblong, subacute. Stamens half as long as the perianth-
segments ; filaments triangular; anthers ovoid.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, 4000-4500 ft., Holst.

No specimen at Kew.

7. D. perfoliata, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1878, x. 364. Bulb
globose, above 1 in. diam.; outer tunics greenish. Leaves 2, sub-
orbicular, 2-24 in. long, clasping the stem, with rounded imbricated
basal lobes, spreading horizontally, glaucous green with copious
blotches of bright green on the upper surface. Peduncle unspotted,
4 ft. long. Raceme dense, subspicate, 1 in. long; upper flowers
minute, abortive; bracts minute, lanceolate. Perianth greenish-white.
Filaments lanceolate-deltoid. Style as long as the ovary.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in the autumn of 1878.

26. ORNITHOGALUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii.
815.

Perianth polyphyllous ; segments oblong, obtuse, subequal, spreading
from the base, concolorous or furnished with a distinct 1-nerved -keel.
Stamens 6, hypogynous, shorter than the perianth; filaments often
flattened ; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary sessile, globose,
3-celled ; ovules many, superposed ; style subulate, as long as or longer
than the ovary; stigma capitate, minute. Capsule _loculicidally
8-valved, not deeply lobed. Seeds not compressed; testa black;

Ornithogalum. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 545

albumen firm ; embryo small.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves all
radical, contemporary with the flowers. Raceme elongated or corym-
bose; pedicels not articulated; bracts membranous, persistent, not
spurred, Flowers usually white.

Species 100. Temperate and subtemperate regions of the Old World, concentrated
in South Africa, one doubtful species Chilian. All the Tropical African species belong
to the section Beryllis, marked by its long narrow racemes and perianth-segment
furnished with a distinct narrow green keel.

Bulbs large,
Leaves 14-2 ft. long.

Bracts very large 1. O. longibracteatum.
Bracts smaller 2. O. caudatum,
3. O. Stapfħii.

Leaves 4 ft. long
Bulbs small.
Peduncle 1-2 ft. long.

Leaves 4—4 in. broad . 4. O, sordidum,
Leaves 4—3 in. broad . 5. O. Eckloni.
Leaves 1—14 in. broad . 6. O. cepafolium,
Peduncle 6-9 in. long.
Pedicels erecto-patent 7. O. benguellense,
Pedicels cernuous.
Raceme long . 8. O. cernuum.
Raceme short . 9. O. gambosanum,
Peduncle short.
10. O. amboense.

Leaves straight

Leaves circinate at the tip - 11. O. spirale.

1. O. longibracteatum, Jacq. Hort. Vind. iii. t. 29. Bulb ovoid,
3-4 in. diam. Leaves 5-6, lanceolate, flaccid, 14-2 ft. long, 1-14 in.
broad low down. Peduncle stout, stiffly erect, as long as the leaves.
Raceme dense in the upper half, 1 ft. or more long; pedicels ascending
or spreading, the lower 1 in. long ; bracts very long, subulate from a
lanceolate base, protruding beyond the buds. Perianth $ in. long;
segments linear-oblong, whitish, with a broad green keel. Stamens
shorter than the perianth; filaments linear.—Red. Lil. t. 120; Baker
in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 277, and Fl. Cap. vi. 514. O. pulchrum,
Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden. xxxi. 221.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2646!

Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa: Amboland; Ondonga district at
Okasima-ka-Namutenya, Schinz, 19!

Also in South Africa.

2. O. caudatum, Ait. Hort. Kew, i. 442. Bulb globose, 1}-2 in.
diam. Leaves ensiform, flaccid, glabrous, 14-2 ft. long, 1-1} in. broad
low down. Peduncle long, moderately stout, stiffly erect, 14-3 ft. long.
Raceme moderately dense, 4—1 ft. long; pedicels ascending or patent,
the lower 4-3 in. long; bracts subulate from a lanceolate base, the
lower 1 in. long. Perianth 4-4 in. long; segments oblong, white,
with a distinct green keel. Stamens shorter than the perianth;
filaments flattened. Capsule globose.—Jacq. Ic. t. 423; Bob. Mag.
t. 805; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 276, and Fl. Cap. vi. 515.

VOL. VII. 2N

546 CXL, LILIACEX (BAKER). [Ornithogalum.

Nile Land. British Somaliland: Ahl Mountains, 5200 ft., Hildebrandt, 1467!

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Laurent.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Amboni, Holst, 2439!
Wuga, Buchwald, 228! and Kilimanjaro, Rombo Distr., 4500-5000 ft., Volkens,
387!

Also in South Africa,

3. O. Stapfiii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 42. Bulb
ovoid, 2-3 in. diam. Leaves lanceolate, 5-6 in. long, 4 in. broad.
Raceme many-flowered, 2 in. long; lower pedicel } in. long. Perianth
white, 1-4 in. long; segments oblong. Filaments suddenly dilated near
the base.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; at Namib, near the
Hope Mine, Stapff, 28, and without precise locality, Belek, 64.
No specimen at Kew.

4. O. sordidum, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 228. Bulb not
seen. Leaves about 6, linear, 1—14 ft. long, }-4 in. broad at the
middle. Peduncles moderately stout, 14-2 ft. long. Raceme cylindrical,
4—6 in. long, lax in the lower part; pedicels very short, ascending ;
bracts linear, }-} in. long, projecting beyond the buds. Perianth
campanulate, } in. long; segments oblong, whitish, with a broad green
keel. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; filaments linear.
Style as long as the oblong ovary.

Wile Land, British Somaliland ; Golis range ; Woob, Miss Edith Cole !

5. O. Eckloni, Schlecht. in Linnea, xxv. 177. Bulb globose,
1-2 in. diam. Leaves 4—6, linear, erect, glabrous, 1—2 ft. long, $—3 in.
broad low down. Peduncle moderately stout, 14-2 ft. long. Raceme
dense or moderately dense, 3-4 in. long; pedicels short, ascending ;
bracts linear-subulate, the lower 4-4 in. long. Perianth } in. long;
segments oblong, white with a distinct green keel. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth ; filaments uniform, linear. Capsule globose,
ł in. diam.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe, xiii. 276, and Fl. Cap. vi. 513 ;
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 168. e

Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1841!
Kikuyu, Taylor, Somaliland ; near Maid, 5000 ft., Hildebrandt, 1467.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 882!

Mozamb,. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; near Tabora, Speke &
Grant! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 197!
Mount Mlanje, Whyte ! Scott-Elliot, 8685!

Also in South Africa,

6. O. cepzefolium, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 248.
Bulb globose, 14-2 in. diam. Leaves 4—5, ensiform, glabrous, acuminate,
1-1} ft. long, 1-14 in. broad low down. Peduncle moderately stout,
1-2 ft. long. Raceme dense, 2-3 in. long; pedicels very short, ascend-
ing; bracts lanceolate-subulate, the lower }-} in. long. Perianth cam-
panulate, } in. long; segments oblong, white with a broad red-brown

Ornithogalum. | CXL. LILIACEX (BAKER), 547

keel. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; filaments linear.
Style reaching to the top of the perianth. Capsule subglobose, km.
long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo and Huilla, Welwitsch, 3816!

7. O. benguellense, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 248.
Bulb subglobose, under 1 in. diam. Leaves 2-3, subterete, erect, fleshy,
glabrous, 4 ft. long, -+ in. diam. Peduncle slender, 6-9 in. long.
Raceme lax, subcylindrical, subsecund, 3-4 in. long; pedicels short,
erecto-patent; bracts minute, deltoid, the lower spurred. Perianth
A in. long; segments white, with a distinct red-brown keel. Stamens
rather shorter than the perianth; filaments. linear. Capsule small,
oblong. —Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 168.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3766!

8. O. cernuum, Baker. Bulb not seen. Leaves narrowly linear,
firm, glabrous, 1 ft. or more long, 4 in. broad at the middle, with a
distinct midrib. Peduncle 6-9 in. long. Raceme very lax, 4—1 ft. long ;
pedicels cernuous, the lower } in. long ; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth
A in. long; segments oblong, white with a distinct green keel. Stamens
shorter than the perianth ; filaments linear.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1337 !

9. O. gambosanum, Baker. Bulb small. Leaves 4, erect, linear,
8-9 in. long, 4—4 in. broad low down, tapering to the point, clasping
the base of the stem, moderately firm, glabrous. Peduncle slender,
erect, 5—6 in. long. Raceme moderately dense, oblong-cylindrical, 2 in.
long; bracts linear, acuminate, protruding beyond the buds; pedicels
short, the lower spreading or cernuous, Ä in. long. Perianth campanu-
late, 4 in. long ; segments oblanceolate, obtuse, white with a pale brown
keel. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; anthers small, oblong ;
filaments rather flattened. Style longer than the globose ovary.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Gambos, Newton!

No specimen at Kew.

10. O. amboense, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Branden. xxxi.
220. Bulb globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves 3—4, subterete, erect, mode-
rately firm, glabrous, channelled down the face, 3-10 in. long, with a
long sheathing base. Peduncle slender, 2-3 in. long. Raceme mode-
rately dense, 1-2 in. long ; pedicels very short, ascending ; bracts lanceo-
late, the lower 4—4 in. long. Perianth LA in. long; segments oblong-
lanceolate, white, with a distinct green keel. Stamens shorter than the
perianth ; filaments filiform.

Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland ; between Olukonda
and Omandongo, Schinz, 31! 37!

11. O. spirale, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 42. Bulb
ovoid-oblong, above 1 in. diam. Leaves linear-lanceolate, channelled
down the face, 8 in. long, 4 in. broad, circinate at the apex. Peduncle
rigid, 4-5 in. long. Raceme lax, 20-flowered ; pedicels patent, 4 in.

548 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Ornithogalum.
long ; bracts scarious, acuminate. Perianth ZA in. long; segments
qz—} in. broad, yellow, 3-4-nerved. Filaments dilated at the base.
Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Great Namaqualand ; Rehoboth,
Fleck, 890,
No specimen at Kew.

27. SCILLA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 814.

Perianth polyphyllous ; segments subequal, oblong or linear-oblong,
l-nerved in the keel, spreading from the base or above it. Stamens 6,
not longer than the perianth, attached to the base of the segments;
filaments filiform ; anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary globose or oblong,
3-celled, sessile or stipitate; ovules many, superposed, or 2 collateral ;
style subulate ; stigma minute, capitate. Capsule loculicidally 3-valved.
Seeds turgid; testa black or brown-black; albumen fleshy; embryo
straight, cylindrical.—Rootstock a tunicated bulb. Leaves all basal,
contemporary with the flowers. Inflorescence racemose; pedicels not
articulated ; bracts scariose, persistent, Flowers blue varying to white,
mauve-purple or greenish,

Species 100, spread throughout Europe, Asia, and Africa ; many in South Africa,

*EUSCILLA. Perianth-segments spreading from the
base.

Flowers green.
Leaves linear.
Leaves 2-3 in. long .
Leaves 6-7 in. long
Leaves lanceolate.
Peduncle short.

Leaves subcoriaceous, finely veined 1. S. setifera.
Leaves rigid, strongly veined 2. S. rigidifolia.
Leaves fleshy, finely veined . 3. S. Berthelotii.
*“*LEDEBOURIA. Perianth-segments spreading from above
the base.
T Perianth 4,1 in. long, campanulate.
Flowers mauve-purple.
Inflorescence spicate . : ` S : . 4. S. spicata.
Inflorescence racemose.
Bulb small,
Leaves lorate 5. S. oubanghiensis,
Leaves linear.
Leaves 2-3 in. long.
Perianth +, in. long 6. S. arenaria.
Perianth 4 in. long 7. S. edulis.
Leaves 4—6 in, long . 8. S. benguellensis.
Leaves subterete . . 9. S. polyphylla.
Bulb large , 10. S. indica.

. S. Schweinfurthii.
. S. gabunensis.

Raceme very lax . 18. S. laxiflora.
Raceme rather lax 14. S. Simiarum.
Raceme dense 15. S. maesta.

Peduncle 4—1 ft. or more long.

Peduncle shorter than the leaves.

Scilla. ] CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 549

Raceme 2 in, long . . c : . 16. S. Buchanani,
Raceme 4-6 in, long. e e : . 17. S. pallidiflora,
Peduncle as long as the leaves : : . 18. S. flaccidula.
Peduncle rather longer than the leaves . , 19. S. Petersii,
Peduncle much longer than the leaves . . 20. S. Fischeri.
Leaves lorate.
Raceme long, lax . : A i 2 . 21. S. camerooniana,
Raceme short, dense . : - : . 22. S. Dybowskii,
Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
Leaves 2,
Pedicels $—1 in. long.
Bulb 4 in. diam. : : : : . 23. S. zambesiaca,
Bulb 1-13 in, diam, . : i S . 24. S. modesta.
Pedicels {~} in. long . i ; S . 25. S. richardiana,
Leaves 3-4,
Peduncle shorter than the leaves . S . 26. S. chlorantha
Peduncle as long as the leaves : ; . 27. S. platyphylla.
Leaves ovate S C . 4 - : . 28. S. uyuiensis.
Leaves cordate-ovate . S : : í . 29. S. cordifolia.

TT Perianth 1—4 in, long.
Perianth more or less tinged with mauve-purple.

Bulb small ‘
Leaves oblong-lanceolate . : : : . 30. S. tayloriana,
Leaves ovate or oblong. : S l . 31. S. Hildebrandtü,

Bulb medium-sized.

Peduncle 4-6 in. long. ; - : . 32. S. lilacina.
Peduncle 8-9 in. long . : : : . 33. S. Johnstoni.
Bulb large . S S : : : . 34, S. lanceafolia,

Perianth green.
Leaves lanceolate.

Bulb small . S . : S - . 35. S. Ledient,
Bulb large.
Perianth 4 in. long. : : : . 36. S. congesta.
Perianth 4—4 in. long . . : . . 37. S. somaliensis,
Leaves oblong . : ; : S : . 38. S. Kirkii,
Leaves broadly ovate . . . ° e . 39. S. textilis,

1. S. setifera, Baker. Bulb globose, 14 in. diam., crowned with
a dense ring of bristles. Leaves several to a bulb, erect, sessile, linear,
8—9 in. long, LA in. broad, tapering gradually to a long point, sub-
coriaceous, glabrous, finely veined. Peduncle slender, glabrous, as long
as the leaves. Raceme dense, cylindrical, 3—4 in. long; pedicels
ascending, A A in. long ; bracts linear, as long as the pedicels. Perianth
campanulate, 4 in. long; segments oblong, white, with an obscure
brown keel, spreading from the base. Stamens nearly as long as the
perianth ; anthers oblong, minute. Ovary globose, sessile.

Wile Land. German East Africa: Karagwe; Ihangiro, Stuhlmann, 9114!

No specimen at Kew. .

2. S. rigidifolia, Kunth, Enum. iv. 330, Bulb ovoid, 2-3 in.
diam. ; tunics bright brown, rigid. Leaves 5-6, lanceolate, sessile, erect,
4-1 ft. long, 1 in. broad low down, rigidly coriaceous, with thick stramin-
eous ribs and edges. Peduncle about as long as the leaves, Raceme

550 CXL. LILIACE (BAKER). [Scilla.

dense, oblong, 3-6 in. long, 1 in. diam. ; rhachis thick, rugose; pedicels
4-1 in. long; bracts linear. Perianth whitish, $ in. long; segments
linear-oblong, spreading from the base. Stamensas long as the perianth ;
filaments linear. Style as long as the globose ovary; ovules 5-6 in a
cell, superposed.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 242. S. hispidula,
Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 248, and Fl. Cap. vi. 481;
Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in open bushy places near Lopollo, 3800-
5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3830!

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: on the higher plateau, North of Lake
Nyasa, Thomson! between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa, 6000-8000 ft.,
Thomson! Urundi, common on bare hills, Scott-Elliot, 8311 !

Also widely spread in South Africa.

3. S. Berthelotii, Webb, Phyt. Canar. iii. 337, t. 232. Bulb ovoid,
4-3 in. diam. Leaves 5-6, spreading, lanceolate, sessile, 4—1 ft. long,
4—2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base. Peduncle
slender, 6-8 in. long. Raceme 1-2 in. long, 12—20-flowered ; pedicels
short; bracts linear-subulate, minute. Perianth campanulate, e in.
long, pale lilac or white; segments oblong, spreading from the base.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth. Ovary globose; style
subulate, as long as the ovary ; ovules 2 in a cell, collateral.—H ook. fil.
in Bot. Mag. t. 5308; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe, xiii. 236.

Upper Guinea. Cultivated specimen from a bulb sent to Kew from West Africa
by Barter !

Also in the Canaries.

4. S. spicata, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, 323. Bulb ovoid, 1 in.
diam. Leaves 2, erect, lanceolate, acute, 2-5 in. long, 4 in. broad
below the middle. Peduncle 4—6 in. long. Flowers in a dense spike
1-2 in. long, 4-4 in. diam.; bracts and pedicels obsolete. Perianth
campanulate, bright purple, 54, in. long. Stamens rather shorter than
the perianth ; filaments very short.

Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur; east of the River Wau, Schweinfurth,
1641! by the River Wau, Schweinfurth, 1652 !

5. S. oubanghiensis, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 25.
Bulb ovoid, 1 in. diam.; tunics blackish. Leaves 3—4, lorate, reaching
a length of 6 in., above 4 in. broad, narrowed to the base, obtuse, with
a minute cusp. Peduncle with raceme as long as the leaves. Raceme
lax, 25-30-flowered, 2-3 in. long; bracts very minute ; pedicels patent,
$-{ in. long. Perianth purple or greenish, } in. long. Stamens as
long as the perianth. Style short.

Lower Guinea. French Congo: River Ogowe at Bangne, on rocks at the rapids
of Oubanghi, Dybowski !

No specimen at Kew.

6. S. arenaria, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 249.
Bulb ovoid, 4-} in. diam. Leaves 3-6, linear, erect, narrowed to

Seilla. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 551

the base, 2 in, long, $ in. broad. Peduncle slender, erect, 3 in.
long. Raceme lax, oblong, 1 in. long; pedicels 4—4 in. long, lower
cernuous; bracts minute, deltoid. Perianth campanulate, purple, 54, in.
long; segments oblong, reflexed from below the middle. Stamens as
long as the perianth ; filaments bright purple.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, in sandy wooded pastures, Wel-
witsch, 3823 !

T. S. edulis, Zngl. Jahrb. xv. 475. Bulb globose, 4—4 in. diam.
Leaves 4-6, erect, sessile, linear, 14-3 in. long, ;4,—} in. broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to the apex and base. Peduncle very
slender, 2-3 in. long. Raceme moderately dense, oblong, cylindrical,
13-2 in. long; lower pedicels -4—4 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth
campanulate, mauve-purple, 4 in. long ; segments linear-oblong. Stamens
nearly as long as the perianth ; filaments mauve-purple.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, ser, iii.,
159! Uganda: in grassy places on the shore of Lake Nyasa, Wilson, 31!

8. S. benguellensis, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i.
249. Bulb globose, 1-2 in. diam. Leaves 2-6, sessile, linear, suberect,
4—6 in. long, 4—4 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to both ends.
Peduncle flexuose, 2—3 in. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 1-14 in. long ;
pedicels {—} in. long, lower cernuous ; bracts deltoid, minute. Perianth
campanulate, 4 in. long; segments oblong, purple with a green keel.
Stamens as long as the perianth—Eng]. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.
167.

Lower Guinea.
Welwitsch, 3831!

Angola; Huilla, in dry pastures near Lopollo, 3800-5500 ft.,

9. S. polyphylla, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 249.
Bulb globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves 10-12, subterete, erect, 3 in. long,
scarcely 4 in. diam. Peduncle as long as the leaves. Raceme lax,
few-flowered, 4 in. long; pedicels as long as the perianth ; bracts
minute, deltoid. Perianth purple, 4 in. long; segments reflexed from
below the middle. Stamens as long as the perianth.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo and Golungo Alto, Welwitsch,
3832 ! 3833 !

10. S. indica, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 12. Bulb
globose, 14-2 in. diam. Leaves 5-6, erect, lanceolate, sessile, 4 ft. long,
clasping the base of peduncle. Peduncle about as long as the leaves.
Raceme lax, oblong-cylindrical, 3-4 in. long ; pedicels {-4 in. long, the
lower cernuous; bracts minute. Perianth campanulate, greenish-
purple, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, spreading from the middle.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ; filaments purple.—Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 250. Ledebouria hyacinthina, Roth ex Wight,
Ie. t. 2040.

Wile Land. Galabat: near Matamma, Schweinfurth, 13!

552 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). [ Sealla.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: in woods between Blantyre and
Matope, Scott !
Also in Peninsular India and Ceylon.

11. S. Schweinfurthii, Zngl. Jahrb. xv. 475. Bulb globose, 4—4
in. diam. Leaves 3-6, erect, sessile, linear, 2—3 in. long, 4—4 in. broad,
narrowed gradually from the middle to the base. Peduncle slender,
2-3 in. long. Raceme lax, oblong, 1-14 in. long; lower flowers
cernuous; central pedicels } in. long; bracts minute. Perianth cam-
panulate, green, } in. long; segments linear-oblong. Stamens shorter
than the perianth ; filaments pale.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1898!

12. S. gabunensis, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 476. Bulb oblong,
about 4 in. diam. ‘Leaves linear, 6-7 in. long, } in. broad, Peduncle
as long as the leaves. Raceme moderately dense, oblong, 1} in. long;
pedicels very short; bracts broad, minute. Perianth greenish, p In.
long; segments oblong. Stamens as long as the perianth ; filaments
pale.

Lower Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; near Sibange Farm, Büttner, 533!

No specimen at Kew.

13. S. laxiflora, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 250.
Bulb globose, 1-1} in. diam. Leaves 3—4, oblanceolate, 4—5 in. long,
3-} in. broad above the middle, narrowed gradually to the base.
Peduncle as long as the leaves. Raceme cylindrical, very lax, 4—5 in.
long; central pedicels LA in. long; lower cernuous; bracts minute,
deltoid. Perianth campanulate, green, qs in. Jong; segments linear-
oblong, spreading from below the middle. Stamens as long as the
perianth.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, on grassy bills, Welwitsch !

No specimen at Kew.

14. S. Simiarum, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 249.
Bulb ovoid 3-1 in. diam. Leaves 3—4, spreading, sessile, lanceolate,
3-4 in. long, 3-4 in. broad above the base, glaucous green, spotted
with purple towards the base. Peduncle 2-3in.long. Raceme oblong,
rather lax, 1-1} in. long ; pedicels mostly cernuous, 4—4 in. long; bracts
minute, deltoid. Perianth campanulate, -4 in. long, green, slightly
tinged with purple; segments linear-oblong. Stamens as long as the
perianth ; filaments purple.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo and Loanda, in jnundated sandy
places, Welwitsch, 3821! 3822! French Congo: River Ogowe at Bangue, on rocks
at the rapids of Oubanghi, Dybowski, 531!

15. S. maesta, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 10. Bulb
ovoid, 1-1} in. diam. Leaves 5-6, erect, lanceolate, sessile, 4—6 in. long,
3—{ in. broad, tapering gradually to the point, with a few purple spots.
Peduncles 2-3 to a bulb, nearly as long as the leaves. Raceme dense,

Scilla. | CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). 553

1-2 in. long; lower pedicels cernuous, }-} in. long; bracts minute.
Perianth campanulate, green, } in. long; segments linear-oblong,
spreading from below the middle. Stamens rather shorter than the
perianth.—Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 249.

Nile Land. British East Africa: at Tsavo, Scott-Elliot, 6500!

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi Delta; Luabo River, Kirk !
British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1101! Fort Young,
Nicholson !

16. S. Buchanani, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1893, xiii. 568. Bulb
globose, 1 in. diam. Leaves 3, lanceolate, sessile, erect, unspotted, the
largest 1 ft. long, under 1 in. broad. Peduncle green, flexuose,
6-8 in. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 2 in. long; pedicels spreading,
4-4 in. long, the lower cernuous; bracts minute, lanceolate. Perianth
oblong, green, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong, spreading from below
the middle. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 193 !

Described from a plant that flowered at Kew in May 1893.

17. S. pallidiflora, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 476. Bulb ovoid, 1 in. diam.
Leaves 2—4, lanceolate, obtuse, 10-14 in. long, about 1 in. broad.
Peduncle 8-10 in. long. Raceme cylindrical, 4—6 in. long; pedicels as
long as the flowers; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth campanulate, } in.
long; segments oblong, greenish. Stamens long as the perianth.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; at Abu Guroon’s Seriba, Schweinfurth,
1848, Agad Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1908.

No specimen at Kew.

18. S. flaccidula, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 249.
Bulb globose, 3 in. diam. Leaves 2-4, flaccid, lanceolate, 4—1 ft. long,
4-8 lin. broad. Peduncle weak, as long as the leaves. Raceme lax,
oblong, finally 3—4 in. long; central pedicels LA in. long; bracts
minute, deltoid. Perianth campanulate, greenish, Z in. long ` segments
linear-oblong, spreading from below the middle. Stamens as long as
the perianth ; filaments pale.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 3820!

19. S. Petersii, Zngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 142. Leaves several,
narrowly lanceolate. Peduncle slender, rather longer than the leaves.
_Raceme conical, 30-flowered; pedicels spreading, half as long again
as the flowers. Perianth campanulate, ae in. long; segments green
upwards, white with a purple centre towards the base. Filaments
purple.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi ; at Tete, and at
Beira, at the mouth of the River Pungue (ex Engler), collector not stated, probably
Peters.

20. S. Fischeri, Engl. Pf. Ost.-Afr. C. 142. Bulb large.
Leaves lanceolate from a broad base, 3—4 in. long. Peduncle 1 ft. or

554 CXL, LILIACEÆ (BAKER). [ Scilla.

more long. Raceme cylindrical, 20—25-flowered ; pedicels rather shorter
than the flowers, spreading or slightly recurved. Perianth campanulate,
greenish. Anthers yellow.

Mozamb., Dist. German East Africa, Fischer.

No specimen at Kew.

21. S. camerooniana, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 9.
Bulb ovoid, ? in. diam. Leaves 3-4, erect, lorate, obtuse, minutely
cuspidate, 4 ft. long, 4—3 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
into a long clasping petiole. Peduncle weak slender, 4—6 in. long.
Raceme lax, 14-3 in. long, pedicels LA in. long; bracts minute.
Perianth green, campanulate, 4-4 in. long; segments linear-oblong.
Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; filaments tinged with mauve
purple.—Journ. Linn. Soe. xiii. 248.

Upper Guinea. Banks of the Cameroon River, Mann, 728! 2230! Buchholz !

Var, maculata, Hua, Contr, Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 24, Leaves spotted. Flowers
about 40 to a raceme.

Lower Guinea. French Congo: without precise locality, Thollon !

I cannot separate from this S. edulis, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Frang. Lil. 24, not
Engl. (S. utilis, Hua, l.c. 25, under S. oubanghiensis, Hua), which is cultivated about
Franceville and Brazzaville in French Congo, Thollon, 311! 886!

22. S. Dybowskii, Hua, Contr. Fl. Congo Franç. Lil. 25. Bulb
globose, 14 in diam.; tunics brown. Leaves very unequal, lorate,
6-10 in. long, above 1 in. broad, acute or obtuse, spotted at the base.
Peduncle scarcely 4 ft. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 1-14 in. long;
bracts minute; pedicels } in. long. Perianth campanulate, green, } in.
long. Stamensas long as the perianth ; filaments purple. Ovary shortly
stipitate ; style short.

Lower Guinea. French Congo: near the Kemo River, a tributary of the Dua
or Mobange River, Dybowski, 762!

No specimen at Kew, Very near S. camerooniana.

23. S. zambesiaca, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 8. Bulb
globose, 4 in. diam. Leaves usually 2, rarely 3, oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 2—4 in. long, ł—1 in. broad, with a long sheathing
base. Peduncle slender, 2-3 in. long. Raceme lax, oblong-cylindrical,
2-4 in. long; pedicels 4-4 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth green,
campanulate, 4 in. long; segments linear-oblong. Stamens rather
igs than the perianth; filaments pale-——Journ. Linn. Soc. xil.
247.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi, near Tete, Kirk!
British Central Africa: Northern Zambesi ; Boruma, under the shade of trees after
the first rains, Menyharth, 1102! Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 136!

24. S. modesta, Baker. Bulb globose, 1-1} in. diam. Leaves 2,
erect, sessile, oblong or lanceolate, acute, 2-6 in. long, $-1 in. broad at
the middle, narrowed gradually to the base. Peduncle as long as the
leaves. Raceme lax, oblong-cylindrical, 2-3 in. long; pedicels 1-4 in.
long; bracts minute. Perianth campanulate, green, A in. long;

Scilla. | CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). 555

segments linear-oblong. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth;
filaments pale.
Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; at Wau Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1908 !

25. S. richardiana, Buching. ex Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. ii.
App. 11. Bulb ovoid, }-? in. diam. Leaves 2, suberect, oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, with an entirely
Sheathing petiole. Peduncle 2-3 in. long. Raceme lax, oblong,
14-3 in. long; lower pedicels 4—4 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth
campanulate, JL in. long, green or slightly tinged with purple;
Segments oblong-lanceolate. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.—
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xiii. 249; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.
168; Hratobotrys bifolia, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 326;
Drimia bifolia, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Æthiop. 294, name only.

Nile Land, Abyssinia: Walcha Plateau, in the province of Sana, Schimper,
1622! Tigre ; between Mai Gouagoua and Debra Sina, Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 46
(80)! Amba Sea, Schimper, 1855 (ex Engler), and without precise locality,
Schimper, 572 !

26. S. chlorantha, Baker. Bulb globose, 14 in. diam. Leaves 3,
erect, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, $ ft. long, 1-2 in. broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to an entirely clasping petiole. Peduncle
4 in. long. Raceme cylindrical, moderately dense, 3—5 in. long; pedicels
spreading, 4—4 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth campanulate, green,
$ in. long; segments linear-oblong. Stamens rather shorter than the
perianth ; filaments green.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Jur; at Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1795!
ser. iii. 162 !

27. S. platyphylla, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 250.
Bulb large, subglobose, Leaves 4, erect, oblong, acute, 4 ft. long,
13-2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the sessile base.
Peduncle moderately stout, as long as the leaves. Raceme dense,
oblong, 14-2 in. long; pedicels all ascending, $-{ in. Jong; bracts
minute, deltoid. Perianth campanulate, green, 4 in. long; segments
linear-oblong. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth.— Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola; Huilla; among bushes on hilis between Lopollo and
Catumba, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 3826! :

28. S. uyuiensis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 428. Bulb
rather large. Leaves 2, ovate from a short sheath, rather thick in
texture, 14 in. long, 1 in. broad. Peduncle 3 in. long. Flowers
about 20, in a short dense spike. Perianth campanulate, greenish, } in.
long. Filaments triangular, 4 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor.

No specimen at Kew.

29. S. cordifolia, Baker. Bulb not seen. Leaf thin, cordate-
ovate, obtuse, 14-2 in. long; petiole entirely clasping the base of the

556 CXL, LILIACEE (BAKER). [Scilla.

peduncle. Peduncle slender, 14-2 in. long. Raceme moderately
dense, oblong, 14-2 in. long; pedicels cernuous, 3-4 in. long; bracts
minute. Perianth campanulate, greenish, } in. long; segments linear-
oblong. Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments pale. Style as
long as the ovary.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands,
Buchanan, 194!

30. S. tayloriana, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxx. 426. Bulb
ovoid, 1 in. diam. Leaves 3, very thin, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 6 in.
long, 15-20 lin. broad, narrowed into a long sheathing petiole.
Peduncle under a foot long. Raceme 5-11 in. long; pedicels longer
than the flowers, the upper tinged with purple. Perianth campanu-
late, 4 in. long; segments ligulate, lilac-purple passing upwards into
green, Filaments and style bright purple.

Mozamb. Dist. British East Africa: on the Rabai Hills, near Mombasa,
Taylor,

No specimen at Kew.

31. S. Hildebrandtii, Baker. Bulb ovoid, under 1 in. diam.;
outer tunics brown, membranous. Leaves 3, contemporary with the
flowers, ovate or oblong, 3—4 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, rounded to a
cuneate base, nearly sessile, very thin and membranous. Peduncle
slender, as long as the leaves. Raceme very lax, 3 in. long; many
lower flowers imperfect and deciduous ; pedicels patent or erecto-patent,
4-3 in. long; bracts minute. Perianth bright purple, }-} in. long;
segments linear-complicate from a lanceolate base. Stamens as long as
the perianth ; filaments bright purple; anthers minute, oblong, yellow.
Capsule 4 in. diam., deeply emarginate at the apex.

Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba ; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2644!

32. S. lilacina, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. iii. App. 13. Bulb
ovoid, 14 in. diam. Leaves 6-8, thin, suberect, cblong-lanceolate,
acute, 3-4 in. long, 1-1} in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
into a channelled petiole as long as the blade. Peduncle 4-6 in. long.
Raceme lax, cylindrical, 3-5 in. long; pedicels 4-4 in. long ; bracts
minute. Perianth tubuloso-campanulate, pale purple, } in. long; seg-
ments ligulate. Stamens nearly as long as the perianth; filaments
bright mauve-purple.—Lratobotrys lilacina, Fenzl ex Kunth, Enum. iv.
679. Drimia lilacina, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl, Æthiop. 294.

Nile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy, 391! Pfund, 299!

33. S. Johnstoni, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 351.
Bulb globose, 14 in, diam. Leaves ovate or oblong, shortly petiolate,
obscurely cuspidate, 4—5 in. long by half as broad. Peduncles 4 to a
bulb, 8-9 in. long. Racemes moderately dense, 5-6 in. long; central
pedicels 4-4 in. long; bracts minute, ovate. Perianth cylindrical,
green upwards, mauve-purple in the lower half; segments linear,

Scilla. | CLX, LILIACE# (BAKER) 557

reflexing in the upper half. Stamens as long as the perianth. Style
4 in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British East Africa: Kilimanjaro expedition, 40-60 miles
from the coast, Johnston !

34. S. lancezefolia, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 182. Bulb
ovoid, 14—2 in. diam. Leaves 4-8, subpatent, sessile, oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 4-6 in. long, pale green spotted with darker green.
Peduncle curved, 2—4 in. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 2-3 in. long;
pedicels longer than the flowers; bracts minute. Perianth campanu-
late, purplish green, LA in. long; segments linear-oblong, spreading
from below the middle. Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments
bright mauve-purple.—Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 251, and Fl. Cap. vi. 487.
Drimia lanceefolia, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 1380. Lachenalia
lanceefolia, Jacq. Ic. t. 402; Bot, Mag. t. 643.

Lower Guinea. Angola: temperate region of Huilla, Welwitsch, 3828 !
3829! Hereroland, Luderitz, 31 (ex Schinz),

Also widely spread in South Africa,

35. S. Ledieni, Zngl. in Gartenfl. 1889, t. 1294. Bulb’ globose,
1 in. diam. Leaves 5-6, lanceolate, glaucous, 4—1 ft. long, 4—1 in.
broad, rooting at the tip, spotted with green and near the base on
the back with claret-brown. Peduncle spotted, 4 ft. long. Raceme
moderately dense, 3 in. long; pedicels very short; bracts minute,
ovate. Perianth campanulate, greenish, 4 in. long; segments linear
from an ovate base, reflexing in the upper half. Stamens distinctly
shorter than the perianth.

Lower Guinea. Southern bank of the River Congo, near Musumbi, on marshy
plains, 600 ft. above the river, Ledien.

No specimen at Kew.

36. S. congesta, Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 250.
Bulb globose, 14-2 in. diam. Leaves 3-4, sessile, lanceolate, acute,
3-6 in. long, 1-1} in. broad near the base. Peduncle 3—4 in. long.
Raceme subspicate, 2 in. long; lower pedicels yz in. long; bracts
minute, deltoid. Perianth campanulate, green, } in. long. Stamens
as long as the perianth. Ovary sessile—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr, 167.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; on hills near Lopollo, 3800-5500 ft., Wel-
witsch !

No specimen at Kew.

37. S. somaliensis, Baker in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 476. Bulb globose,
2 in. diam. Leaves lanceolate, } ft. long, 1 in. broad. Peduncle
rather longer than the leaves. Raceme oblong, moderately dense, 2 in.
long ; pedicels very short; bracts minute, ovate. ` Perianth greenish,
1-1 in. long; segments linear-oblong. Stamens included ; filaments

ale.
Nile Land. Somaliland: Ahl mountains, near Maid, 3000 ft., Hildebrandt,
1470! between Dolo and Malsare, in stony bushy places, Riva, 1226 (£03) !
No specimen at Kew.

558 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Scilla.

38. S. Kirkii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 254. Bulb large.
Leaves thin, oblong, acute, 6-8 in. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle,
narrowed gradually into a long channelled petiole. Peduncle a foot
long. Raceme lax, oblong, 5-6 in. long; central pedicels }—} in. long;
bracts minute. Perianth cylindrical, green, slightly tinged with
purple, } in. long; segments ligulate. Stamens shorter than the
perianth ; filaments bright mauve-purple.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Zanguebar, at “ Bibi Holly’s Shamba,”
in a close plantation, 300 ft., Kirk, 66!

39. S. textilis, Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 427. Bulb ovoid,
above 1 in. diam. Leaves 5-6, broadly ovate above the sheathing
petiole, acuminate, 3-3} in. long, 14 in. broad at the middle, firm in
texture, with many strong veins and a minutely wavy margin. Peduncle
flexuose, 4-5 in. long. Raceme dense, oblong, 2-3 in. long; pedicels
} in. long, spreading or cernuous; bracts minute, linear-subulate.
Perianth greenish, 2-24 lin. long; segments ligulate from a broader
base. Filaments lilac-purple.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi; Uyui, Taylor.

Imperfectly known species.

40. S. gracillima, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 142. Whole plant
4 in. high. Bulb ovoid. Leaves 2, narrowed into a petiole as long
as the blade. Peduncle slender, longer than the leaves. Raceme lax,
12-15-flowered; pedicels very slender, shorter than the perianth.
Perianth campanulate-cylindric ; segments linear.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi valley, at Sena,
Peters.

28. MERENDERA, Ram.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 822.

Perianth polyphyllous ; segments subequal, with long narrow con-
nivent claws and lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate blades. Stamens 6,
inserted at the base of the blade of the perianth-segments; filaments
filiform; anthers linear or oblong, versatile or nearly basifixed. Ovary
sessile, 3-celled; ovules superposed; styles 3, long, filiform; stigmas
minute, capitate. Capsule septicidally 3-valved. Seeds subglobose;
testa brown, opaque; albumen firm; embryo small.—Rootstock a
tunicated corm. Leaves contemporary with the flowers. Peduncle
very short. Flowers white or lilac.

Nearly allied to Colchicum, from which it differs by its polyphyllous perianth.

Species 15, the others East European and West Asiatic.

1. M. abyssinica, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 337. Corm small,
globose; tunics rigid, brown-black, produced over its neck; under-
ground neck 1-2 in. long, furnished with a cylindrical membranous
sheathing leaf. Leaves 2-6, linear, glabrous, ascending or spreading,
2-3 in. long. Flowers 1-2, subsessile in the centre of the rosette of

Merendera. | CXL. LILIACEM (BAKER). 559

leaves. Perianth lilac, with a filiform claw about an inch long and a
lanceolate blade nearly or. quite as long, not auricled at the base.
Stamens half as long as the blade of the perianth-segments; anthers
linear, almost basifixed.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 440; Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 159; M. schimperiana, Hochst, and M. lon-
gispatha, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. FI, Abyss. ii. 337.

Nile Land. Abyssinia : Samen ` on mountains between Enjedeap and Shoata,
2000 ft., below Enjedcap, Schimper, 1126! in dry places on mountains near Enjedcap,
Schimper, 1167! Shoa; Ankober, Roth, 106! and without precise locality, Schimper,
306! Dembea; at Chelga, Steudner, 495, and Jenda, Steudner, 494 (ex Engler) ;
Galla Highlands ; at Sebit, Steudner, 493 (ex Engler).

Also at Aden.

29. ANDROCYMBIUM, Willd.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant.
iii. 822,

Perianth-segments distinct, equal, with narrow connivent claws
and spreading narrow blades, concave and nectariferous at the base.
Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the blade of the perianth-segments;
filaments filiform, thickened towards the base; anthers oblong, slightly
versatile. Ovary sessile, 3-celled; ovules many, superposed; styles +,
distinct, filiform, stigmatose at the apex. Capsule septicidally 3-valved.
Seeds subglobose; testa brown, opaque; albumen firm; embryo minute.
— Rootstock a tunicated corm. Stem usually not produced, so that the
flowers form a sessile cluster in the centre of a rosette of leaves.

Species 20, two inhabiting the Mediterranean and Oriental regions, the others in
South Africa. ‘
Acaulesent,

Stamens shorter than the blade 1. A. roseum.
Stamens longer than the blade 2 E subulatum.
3. A. melanthioides,

Stem 2-3 in. long var. striatum

1. A. roseum, Engl. Jahrb. x. 282. Acaulescent. Corm globose,
under 1 in. diam.; tunics rigid, dull brown; neck 1-2 in. long.
Proper leaves several, linear from an ovate base, 3-6 in. long; inner
(bracts) ovate, not pale and veined with green. Flowers many in a
cluster. Perianth-segments 1 in. long; blade lanceolate, pale red,
about as long as the claw. Filaments much shorter than the blade of
the perianth-segments ; anthers small, oblong.

Lower Guinea. Hereroland: Otyikango-Okatiti, and near the hot spring
“ Barmen,” Marloth 1360, Schinz 62, Gobabis, Schinz, 63! Angola: Huila; at
Humpata, Johnston ! Camba Serreno, Newton !

2. A. subulatum, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1874, 245, Acaulescent.
Corm ovoid, 4 in. diam.; outer tunics rigid, nearly black; neck under
an inch long. Proper leaves 2-3, linear-subulate, moderately firm,
glabrous, channelled down the face, 4-8 in. long ; bracts Phi much
overtopping the flowers, oblong or ovate-cuspidate, 14—2 in. long,

560 CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Androcymbium.

whitish, veined with green. Corymb few-flowered; pedicels very
short. Perianth 4 in. long; claw of the segments as long as the
oblong-cuspidate blade. Filaments a little longer than the blade of
the perianth-segments; anthers > in. long.—Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xvii. 442; A. melanthioides, var. subulatum, Baker in Fl. Cap. vi.
517.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Mashonaland; on a wooded “ sand-
bult?” south of the Umsweswe River, Baines !

Also in the Transvaal,

3. A. melanthioides, Willd. var. striatum, Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. xvii. 442. Corm oviod, }—} in. diam.; tunics firm, blackish. Stem
erect, 2-3 in. long, bearing 2-3 ascending glabrous linear or lanceolate
leaves, 3-4 in. long. Flowers few in a cluster; pedicels short, erect ;
bracts few, ovate-cuspidate or oblong, 1 in. long, whitish, veined with
green. Perianth whitish, } in. long; blade of the segments oblong-
lanceolate, longer than the claws. Stamens shortly exserted.—A.striatum,
Hochst, ex A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 336 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.
Afr. 159,

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Samen ; in meadows near Enjedcap, Schimper, 1338!
and without precise locality, Schimper, 323! British East Africa: Kikuyu; at
Ngoro, 6000 ft., Hohnel! and between Lake Victoria Nyanza and Lake Baringo,
at Ligaiyo, Fischer, 622 (ex Engler),

Mozamb. Dist. British East Africa: Nyasaland; Blantyre, Buchanan, 24!
Mount Sochi, Scott-Elliot, 8608! Mount Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Mount
Zomba, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

30. WURMBEA, Thunb.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 823.

Perianth firm, persistent; tube short, campanulate or cylindrical ;
segments 6, equal, spreading. Stamens 6, inserted at the throat of the
perianth-tube; filaments short, filiform; anthers oblong, minute,
versatile. Ovary sessile, 3-celled; ovules many, superposed ; styles 3,
distinct, short, falcate, stigmatose at the apex. Capsule septicidally
3-valved. Seeds subglobose; testa brown; albumen firm; embryo
minute.—Rootstock a tunicated corm. Stem produced. Leaves
te cauline. Flowers spicate, ebracteate, whitish or purplish-
rown.

Species 7, the others in South Africa and Australia.

1. W. tenuis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii, 436. Corm
globose, }-4 in. diam.; tunics firm, brown-black. Stem slender, erect,
1-2 in. long, bearing 2-3 leaves, the lowest much the largest, linear-
subulate, firm, glabrous, 2—3 in. long, the uppermost short, with a
dilated clasping base. Flowers usually 2, laxly spicate. Perianth
4 in. Jong, white, tinged with brown-purple; tube very short ; segments
oblanceolate, with a brown gland on the face above the base. Stamens
half as long as the perianth-segments.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.
159. Melanthium tenue, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc, vii. 223.

Upper Guinea. Mountains of Fernando Po, 9000 ft., Mann, 1454! Cameroons,
Preuss, 933!

Ornithoglossum. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 561

31. ORNITHOGLOSSUM, Salisb.; Benth. et Hook f. Gen.
Plant. iii. 824. :

Perianth-segments distinct, firm, equal, reflexing, linear or lanceolate,
furnished with a gland on the face above the claw. Stamens 6,
hypogynous, shorter than the perianth; filaments filiform, slightly
thickened at the middle; anthers linear-oblong, versatile. Ovary
sessile, 3-celled; ovules many, superposed; styles 3, distinct, subulate,
faleate, stigmatose at the apex. Capsule obovoid, obtuse, finally
loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose; testa thick, fleshy; albumen
firm; embryo minute.

Monotypie.

1. O. glaucum, Salisb. in Hook. Parad. t. 54. Rootstock a
globose tunicated corm. Stems simple, erect, 4-1 ft. long. Lower
leaves lanceolate, clasping, often crowded; upper linear, much produced,
Flowers forming a lax raceme, produced singly on long ascending
pedicels, cernuous at the apex, from the axils of the reduced upper
leaves, Perianth-segments linear, dark brown, } in. long. Stamens
about half as long as the perianth. Styles subulate, 4—} in. long.
Capsule obovoid, 4—} in. long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 449,
and FI. Cap. vi. 525. Melanthium viride, Linn, f. Suppl. 213,

Mozamb, Dist. British East Africa: Nyasaland ; near Blantyre, Last!

Var. grandiflorum, Baker, loc. cit, Stems more robust. Leaves broader, Flowers

and fruit large,
Lower Guinea, German South-west Africa: Amboland; Omambonde, Schinz,
!

Widely spread in South Africa.

32. IPHIGENIA, Kunth’; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 824.

Perianth cut down to the base; segments equal, subulate, linear or
oblong-lanceolate, spreading, caducous, obscurely unguiculate, not
foveolate on the face. Stamens 6, hypogynous, shorter than the
perianth-segments; filaments slightly or much thickened; anthers
oblong, minute, versatile. Ovary sessile, 3-celled; ovules many, super:
posed ; styles 3, short, falcate, obliquely stigmatose at the apex. Capsule
chartaceous, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds subglobose; testa brown,
with a small strophiole; albumen fleshy; embryo minute.—Rootstock
a small tunicated corm. Stem produced, bearing few or many spaced-
out narrow leaves. Flowers inconspicuous, brown-black, usually
produced on single pedicels from the axils of the upper leaves.

Species 9, extending through Tropical Asia to North Australia, none in South

Africa.

Perianth-segments subulate.
Flowers few, erect . S :
Flowers few, ascending or cernuous .-
Flowers many, cernuous .
Perianth-segments lanceolate i E strumosa.
Perianth-segments oblong-lanceolate_ ` S 2 SE Ee

VOL. VII.

. I. somaliensis.
. I. bechuanica,
. I. Oliveri.

Op w be

562 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Iphigenia,

1. I. somaliensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 228. Stem
1 ft. long, bearing several grass-like ascending linear, acuminate
clasping leaves, the lowest 6-8 in. long, the upper gradually shorter. :
Flowers few, produced singly on short erect pedicels from the axils
of the upper leaves, Perianth-segments subulate, 4 in. long. Stamens
shorter than the ovary. Ovary subglobose, 4 in. diam.; styles very
short.

Wile Land. British Somaliland: at Wadaba, Miss Edith Cole ! Mrs, E. Lort-
Phillips !

2. I. bechuanica, Baker. Stem 4 ft. long, flexuose, with one leaf
sheathing the lower third and 6-7 produced alternate superposed linear
leaves, 4-5 in. long, } in. broad. Flowers solitary from the axils of the
4 upper leaves on short cernuous or ascending pedicels. Perianth-
segments linear, green, ascending, } in. long. Stamens not longer than
the ovary. Ovary globose ; styles 3, short, subulate, falcate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Ngamiland ; near Kwebe, Zugard, 81!

3. I. Oliveri, Engl. Jahrb. xv. 467. Corm not seen. Stems
8-12 in. long, flexuose, bearing a dozen or more ascending clasping
narrowly linear leaves, the lowest 3-4 in. long, the upper gradually
shorter. Flowers produced singly from the axils of most of the leaves,
on cernuous pedicels }—? in. long. Perianth-segments subulate, in.
long. Stamens less than half as long as the perianth-segments. Capsule
obovoid-oblong, obtuse, emarginate, } in. long.

Wile Land. British East Africa: at Taveta, 2000 ft., Johnston !

4, I. strumosa, Baker. Stem slender, erect, nearly 1 ft. long,
with one long sheathing leaf in the lower part and 8—9 superposed,
narrowly linear, erecto-patent on the flexuose upper part, the lowest
3-4 in. Jong, J, in. broad, Flowers solitary from the axils of the 4-6
upper leaves, on ascending pedicels, the lowest 1 in. long. Perianth-
segments lanceolate, green, reflexing, 4 in. long. Stamens +} in. long;
filaments dark brown, much dilated in the lower half. Ovary globose,
shorter than the stamens; styles minute.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; at Kuebe, Lugard, 59!

5. I. guineensis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 451. Corm
globose, 4 in. diam.; outer tunics dark brown. Stem slender, 4-5 In.
long, bearing 2—3 ascending linear-subulate leaves, the lowest 2-3 in.
long, the others shorter. Flowers 2-3 from the axils of the uppermost
leaf, on stiffly erect pedicels 14-2 in. long. Perianth-segments oblong-
lanceolate, brownish-white, } in. long. Stamens } the length of the
| erianth-segments. Ovary turbinate.—Melanthium guineense, Welw.
2x Baker, Le

Lower Guinea, Angola, Welwitsch, 1625! 1626!

Gloriosa. | CXL, LILIACEZ (BAKER). 563

33. GLORIOSA, Linn.; Benth et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, iii. 830.

Perianth polyphyllous; segments subequal, oblong or lanceolate,
unguiculate, spreading or reflexing. Stamens 6, hypogynous, shorter
than the perianth; filaments filiform; anthers linear-oblong, versatile.
Ovary sessile, oblong, 3-celled; ovules many, superposed; style deflexed
from the base, entire in the lower part, with 3 subulate forks obliquely
stigmatose at the tip. Capsule coriaceous, septicidally 3-valved. Seeds
globose; testa bright red, spongy; albumen firm; embryo minute.—
Rootstock an irregular fleshy tuber. Stems often sarmentose, with the
leaves cirrhose at the tip. Flowers large, bright-coloured, corymbose.

One of the species extends to Tropical Asia, and another to Natal.
Stems long, sarmentose.

Perianth-segments crisped : : : ; . 1. G. superba.
Perianth-segments not crisped : S S . 2. OG virescens,
Stems short, erect.
Flowers solitary, 1} in. long . : : A - 3. G minor,
Flowers several, 2-3 in. long.
Leaves cirrhose at the tip . S : : . A Q. abyssinica,
Leaves not cirrhose at the tip è : A . 5. G. Carsoni,

1. G. superba, Linn. Sp. Plant. edit. ii. 437. Stems long,
branched, sarmentose. Leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate, 4 ft. long,
conspicuously circinate at the apex, usually opposite or ternate.
Flowers forming a lax corymb, solitary from the axils of upper reduced
leaves; pedicels long, cernuous at the apex. Perianth 2-3 in, long;
segments lanceolate, reflexing, much crisped, bright red-yellow. Fila-
ments shorter than the perianth; anthers linear, 4 in. long. Ovary
4-2 in. long; style 14-2 in. long, 3-branched towards the apex. Capsule
2 in. or more long.—Bot. Reg. t. 77; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 129; Baker in
Fl. Cap. vi. 526; Lam. Encyc. iv. 133. G. angulata, Schum. and Thonn.
Beskr. Guin. 171; Q. doniana, Rem. et Schultes, Syst. Veg. vii. 366.
Methonica superba, Crantz, Inst, i. 474; Red. Lil. t. 26. M. doniana,
Kunth, Enum, iv. 277.

Upper Guinea. Gambia, Brown-Lester! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter,
1517! Old Calabar, Goldie! Holland, 79! Cameroons: Rio del Rey, Johnston !

Lower Guinea. Portuguese Congo: Chinchocho, Soyaux, 170! Angola, Wel-
witsch, 1743! 1744! Monteiro! French Congo, Duparquet, and several other
collectors,

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, Wadler /

Var. angustifolia, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii, 458. Leaves linear, 5 ft. long,
=-3 in. broad,

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: banks of the Lower Rovuma River,
Meller !

Also in Tropical Asia,

2. G. virescens, Lindl. in Bot. Mag.t. 2539. Stem long, branched,
sarmentose. Leaves usually oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, with
a cirrhose tip, the lower verticillate or opposite, 5-6 in. long. Flowers

564 CXL. LILIACEH (BAKER). [ Gloriosa.

forming a lax terminal corymb; pedicels long, cernuous at the tip-
Perianth 14-24 in. long, strongly reflexing; segments lanceolate-
cuspidate, scarcely at all crisped, 4—4 in. broad at the middle, variable
in colour, bright red or yellow, or in the original virescens, yellow tinged
outside with green. Filaments about half as long as the perianth;
anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style 1-14 in. long, branched in the upper
third. Capsule 2-24 in. long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 458,
and in Fl. Cap. vi. 526. Methonica virescens, Kunth, Enum. iv.
277; Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4938. M. virescens, var. Plantii, Fl. des
Serres, t. 865. M. petersiana, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot.
t. 54. A. platyphylla, Klotzsch, loc. cit. t. 55.

Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 3838! Morson! Lagos, Millen,
7! 217! Lower Niger; Abo, Barter, 164! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt,
599! Bipinde, Zenker, 1005! and Efulen, Bates, 416 !

Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfund, 139! 865! British East Africa: Jur; Jur
Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1957! Toru District; Wimi Valley, Scott-Elliot, 7876!
Uganda; in grass-land near water, Wilson, 108! Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt,
2649! Nyika country near Mombasa, Wakefield, 25! Mombasa Island, Wakefield !
Wanga, Smith !

Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Büttner, and Leopoldville,
Dybowski. Angola, Welwitsch, 1745! 1746! Malange, Marques, 24! German
South-West Africa: Amboland; Amieb, Belck, 32, and at Otavi, near Water
Berg, Dove (ex Schinz); Hereroland; near Olukonda, Schinz, 903, Rautanen, 101,
and Omupanda, Wulfhorst, 17 (ex Schinz).

South Central. Congo Free State: Upper Congo, at Katanga, Briart.

Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: in a clove plantation, Speke & Grant! German
East Africa: Karagwe, 3000-4000 ft., Speke & Grant, 484! Kilimanjaro, 2000-
3000 ft., Johnston ! Usambara; Amboni, Holst, 2154! Lake Tanganyika, Cameron !
Rovuma Bay, Kirk! Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Forbes! Peters;
Lower Zambesi ` opposite Sena, Kirk! Shimwara Hill, at the mouth of the River
Shire, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Scott-Elliot,
8626! Plains of Zomba, 2500-3000 ft., Whyte ! Rhodesia ; Leshumo Valley, south
of the River Zambesi, Holub ! Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 213!

Also in Natal and Madagascar,

Var, grandiflora, Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc. xvii. 458. Flowers larger ` perianth-
segments 3—4 in. long, 8—9 lin. broad at the middle.—WMethonica grandiflora, Hook.
in Bot, Mag. t. 5216 ; Ill. Hort, viii. t. 273. M. Leopoldi, Lemaire in FI. des Serres,
t. 163-4 (flowers yellow). — -

‘i “dt id Guinea. Niger Delta: Grand Bassa, Vogel, 22! Fernando Po, Mann,
Wile Land. British East Africa: in marshy ground at Abu Kuka, on the
Bahr-el-Jebel, Petherick !

G. simplex, Linn, Mant. 62, and G. cerulea, Mill. Gard. Dict. edit. viii. No. 2, are

doubtful names, which probably both belong to this species.

3. G. minor, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 132. Stem erect,
slender, flexuose, 6-8 in. long, bearing about 20 leaves just above its
middle, all except the lowest verticillate. Leaves sessile, linear, falcate,
not cirrhose at the apex, the longest 24—3 in. long, under } in. broad.
Flowers solitary, crimson; pedicels 2 in. long, erect, cernuous at the
apex. Perianth-segments strongly reflexed, lanceolate, acute, 14 in.

Gloriosa. | CXL, LILIACEH (BAKER), 565

long, A in. broad above the middle. Filaments above $ in. long;

anthers linear-oblong, } in. long. Style under 1 in, long, trifid to
the middle.

í elt Land. Somaliland: a little west of the Shebeli River, 2000 ft., Donaldson-
mith !

4. G. abyssinica, 4. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 322. Stem erect,
14-2 ft. long, simple or branched. Leaves oblong, acuminate, some-
times distinctly cirrhose at the apex, the lower verticillate or opposite,
5-6 in. long, 14 in. broad, the upper smaller, alternate. Flowers
produced from the axils of several of the upper leaves; pedicels 3-4 in.
long, cernuous at the apex. Perianth-segments reflexed, not at all
crisped, oblong, unguiculate, cuspidate, 2-3 in. long, 3-1 in. broad at
the middle. Filaments about 1 in. long; anthers linear, 4-4 in.
long. Style 14 in. long, trifid above the middle.-—Baker in Journ.
Linn, Soc. xvii. 458. G. speciosa, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 158;
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 59. Clinostylis speciosa,
Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 26.

Wile Land. Eritrea: Donkollo Heights, near Ginda, 3000 ft., Schweinfurth &
Riva, 127; Bogos, Steudner, 446! and near Keren, Hildebrandt, 379, Abyssinia:
Tigre; near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1437 ! Shire Province, Quartin-Dillon & Petit,
48! Shoa; Aliu Amba, near Ankober, Roth, 182! and without precise locality,
Schimper, 346 !

Var. graminifolia, Franch. Sert. Somal. 67. Leaves and segments of the
perianth linear, the latter only 4—4 in. broad.

Wile Land. Somaliland: Karoma Peak, Révoil !

5. G. Carsoni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 74. Stem erect,
14 ft. long. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, sessile, 4—5 in. long, 1-1} in.
broad below the middle, acute, not cirrhose at the apex; lower
opposite, upper alternate. Flowers 5-6 in a lax terminal corymb,
on long ascending pedicels, cernuous at the apex. Perianth 2-24 in,
long, red, slightly tinged with yellow; segments strongly reflexed,
oblanceolate, acuminate, $ in. broad above the middle. Filaments half
as long as the perianth; anthers linear. Ovary } in. long; style twice
as long as the ovary, branched in the upper third.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 53 of
1894 collection! Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau, 6000~7000 ft., Whyte! and Mount

Malosa, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte !

34, LITTONIA, Hook. Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, iii. 831.

Perianth campanulate, cut down nearly or quite to the base;
segments equal, oblong-lanceolate, nectariferous and obscurely saccate
at the base. Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth-segments;
filaments filiform; anthers linear-oblong, versatile. Ovary globose,
sessile, 3-celled ; ovules many, superposed ; style entire in the lower
part, 3-forked upwards; stigmas minute, capitate. Capsule coriaceous,
septicidally 3-valved. Seeds globose; testa brown; albumen firm;

566 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Littonia.

embryo minute.—Rootstock a fleshy tuber. Stems erect in the
Tropical African species and leaves not cirrhose at the tip, as in the
original Cape type. Flowers solitary in the axils of many of the leaves,
bright-coloured.
Three additional species, 2 in Arabia, and 1 in South Africa.
Leaves oblong.

Perianth 3-3 in. long . : : : : . 1. L. Welwitschit.

Perianth 1-13 in. long . : : s S , 2. L. Lindeni,
Leaves linear.

Leaves glabrous. . S ° a . 8. L. Hardeggeri.

Leaves hispid ` S : e : . , 4 D. Revoili.

1. L. Welwitschii, Benth. Gen. Plant. iii. 881. Stem 1 ft.
long, very flexuose, leafy in the upper half. Leaves oblong, acute,
subcoriaceous, glabrous, sometimes uncinate at the tip, the largest
2—4 in. long, #-1 in. broad. Flowers solitary from the axils of the
upper leaves; pedicels ascending, cernuous at the apex, 1-2 in. long.
Perianth purplish-orange, 4—2 in, long; segments linear-oblong, connate
at the base. Stamens much shorter than the perianth; filaments 4 in.
long. Ovary oblong, }-4 in. long; style as long as the ovary, with
3 spreading branches 4 in. long.—Sandersonia littonioides, Welw. ex
Baker in Trans, Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Bot. i. 262.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in woods, 2400-3800 ft., Wel-
witsch, 1747 !

2. L. Lindeni, Baker. Stem short, erect, leafy over only about
3 in. Leaves oblong, acute, sessile, subcoriaceous, glabrous, the largest
3 in. long, under 1 in. broad, some obscurely uncinate at the tip.
Flowers 3, on ascending ebracteate pedicels 1—2 in. long, cernuous at
the apex, from the axils of the upper leaves. Perianth 1-14 in. long;
segments lanceolate, 4 in. broad. Stamens less than half as long as the
perianth ; anthers linear, } in. long. Style trifid to the base.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ujiji, on Lake Tanganyika, “ frequent
in the Ourambo,” received at Kew through Mr. L. Linden, in 1884, from the Belgian
consul at Zanzibar !

South Central. Congo Free State ; at Mpweto (?) on Lake Moero, Descamps 4

3. L. Hardeggeri, Beck in Paulitschk. Expedit. Harar. 451, fig.8-9-
Stem 4—1 ft. long, erect, densely leafy in the upper half. Leaves
crowded, ascending, sessile, linear, subcoriaceous, glabrous, strongly
ribbed, the lowest 3—4 in. long, 4—4 in. broad, some uncinate at the
tip. Flowers 2-3 from the axils of the upper leaves, on short, erect
pedicels. Perianth 14-14 in. long; segments oblanceolate-unguiculate,
acute, with a linear nectary on the claw. Stamens nearly as long as the
perianth; anthers linear, 4 in. long. Style 4 in. long, with 3 falcate
branches.

Wile Land. British Somaliland: near Agarweyna and Dadab, Paulitschke,
and without precise locality, Mrs. E. Lort-Phillips !

~

Littonia. | CXL. LILIACEÆ (BAKER). 567

4. L. Revoili, Franch. Sert. Somal. 66. Stem erect, 4—1 ft. long.
Leaves dense, linear, or narrowly lanceolate, sometimes uncinate at the
tip, shortly hispid on both surfaces. Flowers from the axils of the
upper leaves, on long suberect pedicels. Perianth yellow; segments
narrowly oblong, with a linear nectary on the claw. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth. Ovary oblong, shortly stipitate; style
tripartite to the middle.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 159.
pi Wile Land. Somaliland: valley of Barroz, in the country of the Medjourtines,

évoil,

No specimen at Kew.

Imperfectly-known species.

5. L. Baudii, Terrac. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1892, 425. Stem
erect, slightly pilose at the base. Leaves crowded, ensiform, ciliolate.
Perianth large, rose-red; segments obovate-oblong, reflexed, connate
at the base. Stamens scarcely as long as the perianth. Style only tri-
partite at the apex.

Wile Land. Somaliland: fields of Gerar Amaden, Baudi di Vesme.

May bea Gloriosa, as the perianth-segments are said to reflex, but I have not
seen any specimen.

35. WALLERIA, Kirk; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. iii. 831.

Perianth adnate to the base of the ovary; segments free above the
adnate base, spreading, equal, oblong-lanceolate, laxly many-nerved.
Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the segments of the perianth ;
filaments very short; anthers large, linear, persistently connivent in a
cone, dehiscing by apical pores. Ovary globose, 3-celled; ovules many,
superposed; style subulate; stigma small, capitate. Mature capsule
and seeds unknown.—Rootstock tuberous. Stems erect, with many
spaced out leaves. Flowers usually single, on pedicels from the axils of
many of the leaves,

One species extends to the Transvaal.

Probably the best place for this is in Hamodoracee besides Cyanella and
Conanthera,

1. W. Mackenzii,

Flowers erect . e
. 2 W. nutans.

Flowers cernuous

1. W. Mackenzii, Kirk in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 497, t. 52,
fig. 2. Rootstock an irregular fleshy tuber. Stems erect, 1-1} ft. long,
Leaves 20-30, sessile, ascending, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute,
2-4 in. long, moderately firm, glabrous. Flowers produced, usually
singly, from the axils of many of the leaves on ascending, often bracteo-
late pedicels 1-14 in. long. Perianth blue, $-} in. long; segments
4 in. broad. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth ; anthers } in.
long.—Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 499. W. angolensis, Baker in
Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. i. 262; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.

159.

568 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [Walleria.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, on stony hills, 3800-5500 ft., Welwitsch,
1749!

Mozamb, Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! German East Africa: between
Uyui and the coast, Taylor. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills,
Waller ! Magomero, 3000 ft., Waller! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 71! Mount
Zomba, Whyte ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 8!

2. W. nutans, Kirk in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 497, t. 52, fig. 1.
Differs only from the other species by its linear leaves and cernuous
pedicels.—Baker in Fl. Cap. vi. 528.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Uyui and the coast, Taylor,
British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Manganja Hills, Waller !

Also in the Transvaal,

ADDENDA.

3a. Boottia muricata, C. H. Wright. Plant immersed in water
to within 2~3 in. of the flowers (Zugard); growing in 10-12 ft. of
water, with a very slender stem (McCabe). Leaves unknown. Peduncle
4 ft. long, muricate in the upper part. Spathe 24 in. long, cylindrical,
2-lobed, muricate. Perianth-tube 2 in. long; outer segments linear,
4 in. long, green; inner deltoid, white, 4 in. broad. Styles 6, filiform,
hairy, yellow.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Botletle River, Zugard,
13! River Chobe, McCabe, 32!

54a. Eulophia graciliscapa, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 418,
Plant slender, erect, 2-2? ft. high. Leaves fascicled, erect, linear,
acute, shorter than the scape, 8 lin. broad. Scape straight, rather
slender, clothed with several long membranous sheaths. Spike oblong
or cylindrical, lax or somewhat dense, 2~3 in. long, many-flowered.
Bracts erect, dry, linear, setaceous and very acute, equalling or slightly
exceeding the slender pedicels. Sepals subequal, lanceolate, acute or
subacuminate, 5 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, lateral oblique. Petals
obliquely oblong, shortly apiculate at the apex, somewhat narrowed
near the base, 4—44 lin. long, 2—24 lin. broad. Lip 3-lobed, oblong ;
side lobes erect, triangular-lanceolate, subobtuse ; middle lobe oblong,
subtruncate or obtuse, much larger than the side lobes and with
slightly crisped margin ; disc with a pair of parallel keels extending up
to the base of the front lobe and some irregular elongate papille in
front ; spur conical, short and obtuse. Column linear, slender, nearly
half as long as the petals, with a short foot ; anther minutely apiculate.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan,

Only known to me from the original description, in which it is compared with the
South African E. papillosa, Schlechter.

66. Eulophia galeoloides, KXränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 508.
Stem subterranean, long creeping and rootless, sparsely beset with
lenticellate or semiglobose white tubercles (haustoria ?). Leaves un-
developed at flowering time. Flowering stems fascicled, 2 or 3, fleshy,
short, up to 6 in. high, red or brown, clothed with white bract-like
sheaths veined with black. Raceme corymbose, congested, few- to
many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, cymbiform, white or
yellowish-white, 1} in. long, 4 lin. broad. Pedicels nearly as long as

570 ADDENDA,

the ovary. Flowers pale yellow outside, deep yellow inside near the
apex, and the petals veined with violet. Sepals lanceolate, acute, 1 in.
long. Petals oblong, acute, 10 lin. long. Lip 10 lin. long; side lobes
semioblong or obtriangular, with the outer angle rounded ; front lobe
oblong, retuse, with the front margin minutely crisped; dise wholly
covered with elevated denticulate veins, somewhat radiating towards.
the margin, and nearly as high as the central keels which extend from
base to apex; spur subulate, straight, 1 lin. long. Column acute, half
as long as the lip.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; on the Handei Mountains
at Nderema, 2700 ft., Heinsen, 10.

Au anomalous species, only known to me from the original description, but said to
recall Limodorum or Galeola rather than Eulophia,

10a. Mystacidium angustum, Rolfe. Stem short or somewhat
climbing. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, unequally and
acutely bidentate, 13-3 in. long, 5-6 in. broad. Raceme slender,
2-3 in. long, 2-3-flowered. Bracts tubulose-spathaceous, acute,
keeled, 1 lin. long. Pedicels slender, 9-11 lin. long. Flowers
white, slightly tinged with brown on the sepals and petals. Sepals
spreading, linear, attenuate, curved, 10—11 lin. long. Petals reflexed,
narrower than the sepals. Lip 6 lin. long, oblong and obtusely keeled
at the base, suddenly expanded at the middle into a cordate limb,
with a long acuminate reflexed apex; spur 9-10 lin. long, narrowly
funnel-shaped and subcompressed at the base, slender in the middle,
and subclavate at the apex. Column very short ; stipes of the pollinia
and glands both distinct.

Upper Guinea. Old Calabar ; Cross River, at Itu, Holland !

Remarkable for its long, narrow sepals and petals, and the cordate limb of the
lip. It is in cultivation at Kew,

6a. Brachycorythis Buchananii, Rolfe. Plant slender, erect,
glabrous. Stem straight or slightly flexuous, many-leaved, clothed with
loose sheaths at the base. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate-elliptic,
setaceous-acuminate, the lower 11-2 in. long, 5 lin. broad, decreasing
upwards into the bracts. Spikes: cylindrical, rather dense, 14-3} in.
long, 7 lin. broad, many-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, very acute Or
acuminate, the lower exceeding the flowers, the upper smaller. Sepals
ovate, subobtuse, 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad; lateral erecto-patent and
oblique at the base; dorsal erect. Petals suberect, obliquely and
broadly ovate, subobtuse, about as long as the sepals and 14 lin. broad.
Lip with concave, broadly oblong base, 1 lin. long, and a dilated, three-
lobed limb of the same length, and 14 lin. broad; side lobes subfalcate-
oblong, obtuse; front lobe smaller, triangular, acute; disec with a
transverse triangular obtuse lamina at the base of the limb. Antber
oblong, obtuse.—Platanthera Buchananii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.
xxiv. 420.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan.

Only known to me from the original description.

ADDENDA. 571

30a. Habenaria staudtiana, Kränzl. Orch, Gen. et Sp. 320,.
supersedes Habenaria Staudtii, Krinzl. M.S.

33a. Habenaria Nicholsoni, Rolfe. Plant 1} ft. high. Leaves
2, unequal, radical, spreading, ovate-orbicular, apiculate, 3-14 in. broad.
Stem with about 5 narrow acute sheaths. Raceme 4 in. long, about
6-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acute, 6-8 lin. long. Pedicels 1-1} in..
long. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 5 lin. long; lateral
deflexed, linear-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, 54 lin. long. Petals
simple, broadly lanceolate, acute, as long as the dorsal sepal, and
adpressed to it, forming a hood. Lip trilobed; side lobes falcate-
oblong, subobtuse, somewhat spreading, 9 lin. long, 3 lin. broad; front
lobe lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, 7 lin. long, 14 lin. broad; spur 10 lin.
long, filiform at the base, subclavate above the middle. Stigmatic pro-
cesses 2 lin. long, linear-clavate, parallel and somewhat united by their
margins, revolute at the apex. Anther channels somewhat curved,
slightly over half as long as the stigmas. Rostellum subulate, acute,
1 lin. long.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: North Nyasaland and Upper Loangwa
River; near Fort Young, Nicholson !

336. Habenaria Johnsoni, fo/fe. Plant 10in. high. Leaves 2,
radical, spreading, broadly ovate, subobtuse or apiculate, membranous,
1-1} in. long. Stem with about 4 lanceolate acuminate sheaths.
Raceme short, about 3- or 4-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate,
5-6 lin. long. Pedicels8 lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, subacute,
5 lin. long ; lateral deflexed, falcate-oblong, subobtuse, 6 lin. long. Petals
simple, falcate-lanceolate, acute, as long as the dorsal sepal, and adpressed
to it, forming a hood. Lip trilobed; side lobes lanceolate-oblong, sub-
obtuse, somewhat spreading, 8 lin. long, 1 lin. broad ; front lobe elliptic-
oblong, subobtuse, as long as the lateral, but more than twice as broad ;
spur filiform, 1 lin. long. Stigmatic processes 2 lin. long, clavate-
capitate from a slender base. Anther channel slender. Rostellum
subulate, narrow.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: mountains east of Lake Nyasa,
Johnson !

60a. Habenaria incompta, Kränzl. Orch. Gen. et Sp. 462.
Tubers oblong, obtuse, 14-19 lin. long, 9 lin. broad. Stem 1 ft. high,
rather stout, leafy. Leaves oblong, obtuse, 4 in. long, 14 lin. broad,
very thin, decreasing upwards into the bracts. Spikes 3-4 in. long,
many-flowered. Bracts large, ovate-oblong, acute, as long as the
pedicels, pilose on the margin and nerves, especially underneath.
Dorsal sepal small, cucullate, acute, 14-2 lin. long; lateral reflexed,
obovate-oblong from a cuneate base, veined, laterally apiculate, 4 lin.
long, 24 lin. broad. Petals bipartite ; posterior lobe linear-spathulate,
obtuse, densely fimbriate, 2 lin. long, adpressed to the margin of the
dorsal sepal, forming a galea ; anterior lobe attenuate from a trans-
versely oblong base, falcately triangular, 5 lin. long, 24 lin. broad. Lip

D72 ADDENDA.

3-lobed ; lobes linear ; front lobe 7—8 lin. long; spur filiform, clavate
at the apex, 10 lin. long. Stigmatic processes triangular-attenuate,
laterally compressed, as long as the anther channels. Rostellum small,
-acute,

Nile Land. Abyssinia: Samen; Woina, near Debra Eski, 6900-7500 ft.,
Schimper.

Only known to me from the original description, in which it is compared with H.
cultrata, A, Rich. and H. cultriformis, Kranzl.

6la. Habenaria Rive, Kränzl. Orch. Gen. et Sp. 238. Plant
very robust, 4 ft. high. Stem leafy. Leaves 6, oblong-lanceolate,
acute, 1 ft. long, 2 in. broad, decreasing upwards. Spike rather short,
‘dense, many-flowered. Bracts exceeding the flowers, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, # in. long or the lower longer, upper hairy. Pedicels
7 lin. long. Flowers 3 lin. long. Dorsal sepal cucullate, oblong, acute,
lateral subobliquely ovate, more than twice as broad as the dorsal,
setoseat the margin. Petals ovate, acute, nearly simple, but extended
in front into an acute angle, as if indicating a nearly suppressed front
lobe. Lip as long as the petals, simple, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
with a broad thickened line or callus from base to apex; spur filiform,
inflated at the apex, 8 lin. long. Column punctate-scaberulous through-
out ` stigmatic processes long, arcuate, cochleate at the apex; anther
‘channels as long as and parallel to the stigmatic processes ; rostellum
linear, acute, reflexed, a little longer than the anther.

Nile Land. Locality not specified, probably Somaliland, Ruspoli & Riva, 1382.

A very distinct species, only known to me from the original description.

64, Habenaria insignis, Rolfe. The name Habenaria insignis
having been applied by Schlechter to a South African species (Engl.
Jahrb. xx. Beiblatt, 32), I propose re-naming the present one H.
‘mirabilis, Rolfe.

105. Habenaria rhopalostigma, Rolfe, add ex Kränzl. Orch.
‘Gen. et Sp. p. 342.

4, Platycoryne buchananiana, Rolfe. To this must be referred
Habenaria buchwaldiana, Krinzl. in. Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 503. See
Krinzl, Orch. Gen. et Sp. 452.

8a. Satyrium Buchananii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 422.
Plant glabrous, rather strong, 14-22 in. high. Leaves radical, 2,
‘arising from distinct buds at the base of the stem, suberect, lanceolate,
subacute, narrowed at the base, 4-10 in. long, 1}-2 in. broad. Scape
‘Straight or slightly flexuose, with numerous loose cucullate acuminate
op acute sheaths. Spike cylindrical, rather dense, 34-4} in. long, 1 in.
broad, many-flowered. Bracts leafy, Janceolate, acuminate, more or less
exceeding the fiowers, gradually decreasing upwards, ultimately deflexed.
Pedicels 6-7 lin. long. Sepals and petals spreading, connate only at the
base; the former linear-ligulate, obtuse, with the lateral subfalcate and

ADDENDA, 573

3} lin. long ; the latter slightly broader, 3 lin. long, and reflexed at the
apex. Lip cucullate, scarcely as long as the petals, with an erect some-
what acuminate apex, an oblong mouth, and the median nerve some-
what thickened and keeled; spurs filiform, 2} in. long. Colamn
slender, terete ; stigma. subquadrate, with a rounded apex, about half
as long as to the column ; rostellum oblong from the base and trilobed,
side lobes short and tooth-like, front lobe larger and rounded.

Mozamb, Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan,

Only known to me by the original description, but remarkable for its very long
spurs,

lla. Satyrium anomalum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 424.
Plant stout, erect, glabrous, 20—32 in. high. Leaves not known. Stem
with several distant loose acute sheaths, Spikes elongate, cylindrical,
8-10 in. long, loosely many-flowered. Bracts leafy, erect at first,
ultimately reflexed, lanceolate, acute, glabrous, lower exceeding the
flowers, upper scarcely equalling them. Pedicels scarcely 5 lin. long.
Flowers green. Sepals and petals spreading, connate to the middle
into a linear claw ; lateral sepals obliquely faleate-oblong, obtuse, 14 lin.
long, odd one linear, obtuse, shorter than the lateral. Petals linear,
obtuse, as long as the odd sepal, slightly dilated and puberulous at the
apex. Lip galeate, subglobose, scarcely keeled behind, free margin
erect, subacute at the apex; mouth much contracted ; spurs filiform,
spreading or ascending, as long as the pedicels. Column slender, terete,
somewhat curved ; stigma subquadrate or 4-lobed ; rostellum as long as
the stigma, subquadrate-oblong, somewhat trilobed, side lobes short,
toothlike and acute, middle lobe large, suborbicular, and shortly stalked.

Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan,

Only known to me from the original description, but clearly allied to S, minaz,
Rolfe, though apparently different in the colour of the flowers and some other details,

12a. Satyrium fischerianum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 507.
Plant 22 in. high, stout. Roots long and dense. Radical leaves 3,
large, amplexicaul, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 8-9 in. long, 14-1} in.
broad, cauline much smaller. Spike 6 in. long, cylindrical, dense-flowered.
Bracts ovate, acuminate, 5—7 lin. long, all reflexed after flowering,
margins densely glandular-pilose. Pedicels crystalline-papillose. Flowers
minute. Lateral sepals oblong, suboblique, 14 lin. long; odd one,
together with the petals, narrower, obovate-oblong, obtuse, 1-14} lin.
long. Lip galeate, carinate, 2 lin. long, apiculate, “ margin right-angled
on either side,” mouth open ; spurs filiform, 44-5 lin. Jong, exceeding
the pedicels. Column short, incurved; stigma semiorbicular with
crenulate margin ; rostellum longer and narrower; with the middle
lobe geniculate, complicate, obscurely cochleate and acute.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Masai highlands, without precise locality,
Fischer, 575,

Only known to me from the original description, but said to recall very strongly
S. Ivantale, Rchb. f.

574 ADDENDA.

13a. Satyrium trachypetalum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv.
505. Stem 16-24 in. high, leafless at flowering time. Sheaths
numerous, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, shorter than the internodes.
Leaves unknown. Spikes often half as long as the scape, lax, many-
flowered. Flowers greenish-yellow, 5 lin. apart. Bracts ovate-lanceo-
late, acuminate, deflexed, longer than the flowers, 5 lin. long. Pedicels
slightly scabrous, 3-34 lin. long. Sepals minutely puberulous; lateral
oblong, incurved, 1} lin. long, apex oblique; odd one oblong, 1 lin. long.
Petals obovate, obtuse, deeply connate with the sepals, 1 lin. long, face
densely villous. Lip 2-24 lin. long, deeply cucullate, margin mem-
branous and wholly reflexed, apex short and acute, mouth and interior
wholly glabrous ; spurs very slender, twice as long as the pedicel, 7 lin.
long. Column short; stigma large, subquadrate; rostellum much
smaller than the stigma, with minute acute side lobes and an orbicular
middle lobe.

Mozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Muafa, 3900-4250 ES
Neguiro, 4600 ft., and Mt, Jumba, 5500 ft., Buchwald, 61, 129, and 515.

Only known to me from the original description.

l5a. Satyrium mystacinum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 506.
Leaves several, lanceolate, acute, distant on the scape, the largest 4? in.
long, 9-14 lin. broad, the remainder much smaller. Scapes 1—24 ft.
high, many-flowered and somewhat lax. Bracts scarcely deflexed, lan-
ceolate, acute, 6 lin. long, margins glabrous. Flowers rose-coloured.
Lateral sepals obovate-oblong, cochleate, 2-24 lin. long, with a brown
-cartilaginous apex and minutely papillose margin ; odd one ligulate,
-obtuse, as long as the lateral. Petals much like the lateral sepals but a
little' smaller. Lip deeply cucullate, 2-2} lin. long, narrowed into the
spurs and keeled, margin minutely papillose; spurs 6 lin. long. Column
slender; stigma short, semi-orbicular ; rostellum slightly longer, with
narrow acute-angled side lobes, and a rounded cochleate deflexed middle
lobe; anther large.

Nile Land, British East Africa: Ruwenzori, 8500 ft., Stuhlmann, 2359.
Only known to me from the original description.

18. Satyrium Buchanani, Rolfe. The name Satyrium Buchananit
having been applied by Schlechter to another species (see 8a), I propose
re-naming the present one S. speciosum, Jolie,

16a. Satyrium goetzenianum, Kränzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 506.
Spike 7 in. long. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, longer than the flowers.
Sepals and petals obovate-oblong, obtuse or rounded, subequal, minutely
ciliate at the margins. Lip broadly ovate, cucullate, acute at the apex,
glabrous inside; mouth ample; spurs attenuate, } longer than the
ovary. Stigma trilobed ; side lobes small ; front lobe large, oblong, obtuse.
Glands of the pollinia situated in a wide angle between the front and
side lobes of the stigma.

South Central. Congo Free State: Kirunga Volcano, north of Lake Kivu,
9850 ft., Graf Goetzen,

ADDENDA. 575

Only known to me by the original very imperfect description, in which it is com-
pared with S. coryophoroides, A, Rich. and S. brackypetalum, A. Rich.

da. Disperis mozambicensis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv.
428. Plant dwarf, erect, very glabrous, 23-5 in. high. Stem slender,
straight, distantly 3-leaved. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate,
acute or subacute, somewhat spreading, the lower 5—10 lin. long, 34-5
lin, broad, the upper rather smaller. Raceme subcorymbose, few-
flowered. Bracts leafy, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, shorter than the
pedicels, Pedicels 4} lin. long, glabrous. Flowers medium-sized, pale
rose. Dorsal sepal reflexed and nearly horizontal, narrowly linear, 6 lin.
long, 4 lin. broad, united with the petals into an obovate-oblong, obtuse
hood ; lateral sepals obliquely oblong from a narrow base, obtuse, some-
what falcate, the basal fourth united, the lower half produced into an
obtuse sac, 5 lin. long, 3 lin. broad. Petals concave, lanceolate, acute,
faleate, 6 lin. long, nearly 24 lin. broad, the front margin slightly
cilated. Lip erect, with a very narrow linear claw, 1} lin. long, sud-
denly forked at the apex, minutely puberulous; limb elongated in
front, filiform, suddenly dilated, suborbicular, 3 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin.
broad, upper face papillose-puberulous, dise with a longitudinal fleshy
crest, 4 lin. high. Column with a pair of slightly twisted falcate carti-
laginous arms; anther cells short; rostellum convex, retuse at the
apex,

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: near Beira, at the mouth of the
River Pungwe, Schlechter.

Only known to me from the origina] description, but said to be allied to D, reichen-
bachiana, Welw.

8. Disperis kamerunensis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 431,
supersedes D. Preussii, Rolfe. Both were based upon the same number.

15a. Morzea kitambensis, Baker. Corm not seen. Stem more
than 3 ft. long including the panicle, moderately stout, erect, very much
branched. Lower leaves linear, firm, glabrous, erect, much shorter
than the stem, sheathing its base. Peduncle long, slender, erect, viscous
below the spathes, Spathes cylindrical, 1} in. long ; inner valve lanceo-
late, rigid; outer valve small. Perianth fugitive, apparently lilac,
under 1 in. long. Capsule subglobose, 4 in. long.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Bangala; in swamps at Kitamba on the River
Kuango, Buchner, 679! in Berlin Herbarium.

15b. Moreea aurantiaca, Baker. Corm not seen. Stem } ft.
long below the first branch, bearing 2 small rigid linear glabrous sheath-
leaves. Panicle 1 ft. long, corymbose, consisting of 3 long-peduncled
clusters; branches slender, erect, viscous below the spathes; spathes
cylindrical, 14—14 in, long; inner valve lanceolate; outer very short,
Perianth bright yellow, fugitive. Capsule subglobose, } in, diam.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Mechow, 303! in Berlin Herbarium,

576 ADDENDA.

4a. Aristea longifolia, Baker. Leaves many in a basal rosette,
erect, linear, rigid, glabrous, 14 ft. or more long, } in. broad, closely
ribbed. Stem above 1 ft. long, flat and narrowly winged throughout,
nearly simple, leafless. Clusters of flowers about 3, the lowest on a
short ascending peduncle with a much-reduced leaf at the base; bracts.
oblong, } in. long, with a firm centre and broad entire membranous
margins. Perianth not seen. Capsule oblong, } in. long, obtusely
angled, distinctly peduncled.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: mountains of Usambara, 5000 ft.,
Buchwald, 469! in Berlin Herbarium,

7a. Gladiolus mosambicensis, Baker. Corm globose, under
1 in. diam.; outer tunics of parallel fibres. Produced leaves short,
erect, basal, narrowly linear, glabrous, convex on the back, with stout
angular raised crowded ribs. Stem slender, 4—1 ft. long, bearing 2 small
sheath-leaves. Spike lax, secund, simple or forked at the base, 4—8 in.
long; lower outer spathe-valve oblong-navicular, green, 4 in. long.
Perianth pink, 14 in. long; tube subcylindrical, curved, 4 in. long ;.
upper segments obovate-spathulate, obtuse; lower with an oblong
acute blade as long as the claw. Stamens nearly as long as the upper
segments.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Beira, Braga, 117! in Berlin
Herbarium,

76. Gladiolus Antunesii, Baker. Corm not seen. Stem 14-2 ft.
long, moderately stout, bearing 4-5 rigid linear glabrous strongly
ribbed sheath-leaves, the central ones with short free tips. Spike forked
at the base, very lax, 5-6 in. long, not secund ; outer spathe-valves
oblong-navicular, green tinged with purple, 4-3 in. long. Perianth-
tube curved, as long as the spathe; limb purple, 1 inch long; upper
segments obovate-spathulate, obtuse, the central one } in. broad ; lower
segments as long, obovate-unguiculate. Stamens nearly as long as the
perianth.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 326! in Berlin Herbarium.

18a. Gladiolus macrophlebius, Baker. Corm not seen. Basal
leaves 3, erect, linear, a foot or more long, 4-4 in. broad, sheathing the
base of the stem, glabrous, with thick stramineous veins and margins.
Stem 2 ft. long, bearing a reduced leaf at the middle. Spike very lax,
secund, 6-9 in. long; outer spathe-valve lanceolate, acuminate, green,
ł-1 in. long. Perianth deep red, 14 in. long; tube curved, } in. long ;
segments oblong-spathulate, obtuse, subequal, 1 in. long. Stamens.
much shorter than the perianth.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 29! in Berlin Herbarium.

19a. Gladiolus oliganthus, Baker. Corm globose, under 1 in.
diam. ; outer tunics membranous, brown, Basal leaves rigid, linear,
glabrous, the largest } ft. long, 4 in. broad. Stem slender, 9-12 in.
long, bearing a single sheath-leaf. Spike very lax, 6-9 in. long; lower
outer spathe-valve lanceolate, green, 1-14 in. long. Perianth white ;

ADDENDA

tube rather curved, 1 in. long, narrowly funnel-shaped ; upper seg-
ment not cucullate, oblong-spathulate, subacute, 14 in. long; lower
Similar, but smaller. Stamens not reaching halfway up the upper
segment.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Unyamwezi ; Gonda, in moist meadows,
Bohm, 45! in Berlin Herbarium.

23a. Gladiolus quilimanensis, Baker. Corm globose, 1 in.
diam.; outer tunics brown, membranous, reticulated. Basal leaves
3-4, linear, thin, flat, glabrous, sheathing the lower part of the stem,
1-1} ft. long, 4-4 in. broad. Stem 2-24 ft. long, bearing 1-2 reduced
leaves. Spike very lax, 6-8 in. long; lowest outer spathe-valve oblong-
lanceolate, 2 in. long, firm, green; flowers erect. Perianth bright
pink; tube 1 in. long; segments oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse or sub-
acute, subequal, twice as long as the tube. Stamens much shorter than
the perianth.

Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Quilimane, Stuhlmann! in Berlin
Herbarium.

27a. Gladiolus pallidus, Baker. Corm not seen. Produced
basal leaves many, narrowly linear, glabrous, 14—2 ft. long, with a thick
midrib and involute edges. Stem 2 ft. long, with a few reduced leaves.
Spike very lax, secund, 6-9 in. long; lower outer spathe-valve firm,
green, lanceolate, 2-3 in. long. Perianth pale pink ; tube subcylindrical,
curved, 1 in. long; upper segment cucullate, oblong, obtuse, 1-1} in.
long ; 3 lower small, deflexed, acute. Stamens much shorter than the
upper segment.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 42! in Berlin Herbarium,

40a. Gladiolus (Hebea) subulatus, Baker. Corm not seen.
Leaves subulate, wiry, glabrous, the lowest 1 ft. long, 4 lin. diam., with
a thick midrib and enrolled edges. Stem very slender, under 1 ft. long,
bearing 2 reduced sheathing leaves, with a short linear-subulate free
tip. Spikes lax, secund, few-flowered ; spathe-valves oblong-lanceolate,
pale, rigid, }-4 in. long. Perianth bright pink, 1 in. long; tube as
long as the spathe, curved; upper segments oblong-unguiculate, obtuse,
4 in. broad; lower as long, with a very small blade and long claw.
Stamens nearly as long as the perianth.

Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, Antunes, 149! in Berlin Herbarium.

la. Hypoxis camerooniana, Baker. Corm 2 in. diam., bristly
at the crown. Leaves 2-4, narrowly linear, 4—2 in. long, rigid, densely
hairy. Peduncles 1-2 to a corm, short, simple, silky. Perianth-
segments lanceolate, 4 in. long, yellow, densely silky outside. Stamens
half as long as the perianth ; filaments as long as the anthers. Ovary
clavate, densely silky, 4 in. long. Capsule turbinate, § in. diam.

Upper Guinea. Cameroons, 6000-7000 ft., Preuss, 848 ! in Berlin Herbarium,

la. Buphane Fischeri, Baker. Bulb and leaves not seen.
Peduncle above 4 in, diam. Umbel very dense, 3-4 in. diam. ; pedicels
VOL. VII 2P

578 ADDENDA.

km. long. Perianth 1 in. long; segments linear, obtuse, spreading,
faleate, half as long as the cylindrical tube. Stamens rather shorter
than the perianth-segments ; anthers linear, ;’, in. long.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa, Fischer, 9! in Berlin Herbarium.

17a. Crinum Stuhlmanni, Baker. Bulb and leaves not seen.
Peduncle stout (2 in. diam.). Umbel dense, many-flowered ` spathe-
valves large, thick ; pedicels 1-2 in. long; flowers erect. Perianth-tube
slender, 3 in. long; limb 5 in. long ; segments oblanceolate, 4 in. broad
high up. Stamens reaching the tip of the perianth-segments.

Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Dar-es-Salam, Stuhlmann, 8536! in
Berlin Herbarium,

lla. Eriospermum Rautanenii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi.
522. Tuber globose, above 4 in. diam. Leaf solitary, contemporary with
the flowers, ovate, cuspidate, 14 in. long, above 1 in. broad, obscurely
cordate at the base, glabrous, glaucous green. Raceme lax, subcorym-
bose, 14-2 in. long; pedicels erecto-patent; bracts 4-3 in. long.
Perianth campanulate, } in, long ` segments whitish, keeled with pale
red. Capsule turbinate, shorter than the perianth.

Lower Guinea. Amboland; Olukonda, Rautanen, 227.

No specimen at Kew.

CORRECTIONS.

Page 14, line 40, for ORESTIA read ORESTIAS.

», 15, bottom line, for MANNIELLIA read MANNIELLA.

», 18, line 31. The correct name of this genus is ORESTIAS, not
ORESTIA as printed in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 197.

» 85. Lissochilus roseus, Lindl. Dendrobium roseum, Sw.
is shown by an examination of the type to be referable
to Polystachya elastica, Lindl., and not to this species
as stated by Lindley.

» 127. Polystachya grandiflora, Lindl. The type of Limo-
dorum cucullatum, Afz., shows it be synonymous with
Lissochilus arenarius, Lindl.

415, line 3, for D. zanzibarensis read D. sansibarensis.

A
Ei

E
~q
Kai

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

LEES

The Synonyms and Species incidentally mentioned are printed in Italics.

Page |

Acampe 2o Kl
mombasensis, Rend. 133 |
pachyglossa, Rchb. f. 132 |
Acidanthera . . 358 |
æquinoctialis, Baker 358 |

bicolor, Hochst. . . 358 |
candida, Rend. . . 360 |
gracilis, Pax . - 399 |
Gunnisi, Rend.. . 360
laxiflora, Baker. . 359

ukambanensis, Baker 359 |

unicolor, Hochst. . 359

zanzibarica, Baker. 359
Acrospira. - - : ATT

asphodeloides, Welw. 477
Aéyntha

guineensis, Medic. . 333
Aerangis
brachycarpa, Dur.

S&S Scho. =. 5 136
flabellifolia, Rchb. f. 135
Aëranthus

distichus, Rchb. f. . 175
erythropollinius,

Bab E . Elis
Gravenreuthii,

Kränzl. . SE

guyonianus, Robb. f. 148
muscicola, Rchb. f. . 158
rutilus, Rehb. f.. . 174

xanthopollinius,
Robbie; enke
Albuca ` EE 028
abyssinica, Baker . 534
abyssinica, Dry. . 533
Allene, Baler . . 531
angolensis, Welw, . 534
Bainesii, Baker. . 534

Buchanani, Baker . 532
caudata, Jacq. . 529
chlorantha, Welw. . 534
Donaldsoni, Rend. . 532

Page
Hiwesi, Regel 531
Fischeri, Engl. . . 535
Fleckii, Schinz. . . 531
galeata, Welw. . . 530
hereroensis, Schinz. 532
juncifolia, Welw, . 532
longibracteata,

Engl. Soe 529
Lugardi, Baker. . 533
Melleri, Baker . . 532
monophylla, Baker. 532
myogaloides, Welw. 529
nyikensis, Baker . 530
purpurascens, Engl. 535
Schinzii, Baker. . 534
Schweinfurthii, Zngl. 533
Steudneri, Schw. &

Engi : >- - -535
subspicata, Baker . 530
tayloriana, Rend. . 530

akefieldii, Baker. 531

Aletris
arborea, Willd.. . 439
Jragrans, Linn. . . 440
guineensis, Jacq. . 333
hyacinthoides, `

var. guineensis,

Linn. . 388
umila, J. Donn . 449
Alkim: G67 > s blb
alibile, A. Rich. 516
angolense, Baker . 516
spathaceum, Steud. 516
subhirsutum
var. spathaceum,
Regel 516
Aloe . o o S54
abyssinica, Lam. 467
var. Peacockii,
Baker 468
var. percrassa,
Baker 466

Page
agavefolia, Tod. . 462
andongensis, Baker 457
angolensis, Baker . 466
Barten, Baker . . 464
borziana, Terrac. . 460
brachystachys,

Baker «6... 465
Buchanani, Baker . 457
Camperii, Schweinf. 468
commutata, Tod. . 462
concinna, Baker . 461
confusa, Hngl. . 464
constricta, Baker . 464
crassipes, Baker. . 468
cryptopoda, Baker . 467
Deleuili, Hort. . . 468
dichotoma, Zinn. f. 468
elegans, Tod. . 468
hereroensis, Engl. . 462

Hildebrandtii, Baker 463

Johnstoni, Baker . 456
Kirkii, Baker . 459
lateritia, Engl. . . 461
littoralis, Baker . 467

macrocarpa, Tod. . 462
macrosiphon, Baker 459
megalacantha, Baker 469

Menyharthi, Baker 459
montana, Schinz . 458
Nattii, Baker . 457
obscura, Mill. . 463
otallensis, Baker . 458
palmiformis, Baker 466
Fanin, Terrac. . . 463
penduliflora, Baker. 464
percrassa, Tod. . . 465
var. albopicta,

Schweinf. . . 466
platyphylla, Baker. 463
rabaiensis, Rend. . 458
Rive, Baker . . 465
rubrolutea, Schinz . 460

580

Page
ruspoliana, Baker . 460
Schimperi, Tod. . 461
Schinzii, Baker . . 459
Scheelleri, Schweinf. 467
Schweinfurthii,

Baker . a. 467
secundiflora, ngl. . 457
Steudneri, Schweinf. 458
Stuhlmanni, Baker . 457
tenuifolia, Lam.. . 463

venenosa, Engl.. . 460
vera,
var. æthiopica,
Schweinf. . . 465
var. puberula,
Schweinf. . 465

vituensis, Baker . 458
Volkensii, Hngl. . 466
vulgaris,

var. abyssinica,

DO D

zebrina, Baker . . 461
AMARYLLIDEH . . . 376
Amaryllis

Broussonetii, Red. . 400

candida, Tratt.. . 404

disticha, Linn. f. . 392

gigantea, Ait. . . 404

laticoma, Ker . . 406

latifolia, Lam. . 404

ornata, Ait. . , 400

ornata, Gawl. . . 400

ornata, Bot. Mag. . 401

Regine, L. . . . 386

spectabilis, Andr. . 400

undulata, Linn. . 406

vittata, A. Rich. . 401

zeylanica, Linn. . 401
Ammocharis . < «404

taveliana, Schinz . 404
Amomum .. . . 802

Seck HE E . 308

Let, Rosc. . . 305

alboviolaceum, Ridl. 304

angustifolium, Sonn. 308

arundinaceum,

Oliv. £ Hanb. . 303
cereum, Ak. f. . . 309
citratum, Pereira . 308
Clusii, Hanb. . . 308
Cun Sm : . . 3il
crassilabium,Schum. 311
Daniellii, Hk. f£. . 308
Elliotii, Baker . . 309
erythrocarpum,

Ridl. rie SUS
exscapum, Sims . 305
giganteum, Oliv. d

DS Ee 71

Page
glaucophyllum,

Rene ee
grandiflorum, Sm. . 305
Granum-Paradisi,

Linn. SE
kayserianum, Schum. 305
Korarima, Pereira . 311
latifolium, Je. . 305
leptolepis, Schum. . 307
limbatum, Oliv. ct:

EE
longiscapum, Hk. f. 310
luteo-album, Schum. 310
macrolepis, Schum. 306
macrospermum, Sm. 311
madagascariense,

Eam. . . . ., 308
Mala, Schum. . . 311
Melegueta, Rosc. . 303

var.violaceum, Ridl.304
Mannii, Oliv. &

ae. os. o 305
nemorosum, Boj. . 308
palustre, Afs . . 305
pilosum, Oliv. dœ

Hanb. EE
polyanthum, Schum. 309
sanguineum, Schum. 310
Sceptrum, Oliv. d

Hanb. . 306
strobilaceum, Sm. . 311
subsericeum, Oliv. c:

FONDS ER
sulcatum, Oliv. æ

Hanb. . , 304
zambesiacum, Baker 309

Amphorchis . . 262
occidentalis, Lindl. 262
Ancistrochilus . . . 44
thomsonianus, Rolfe 44

Androcymbium . , 559
melanthoides,
var. striatum,
Baker . 560
var. subulatum,
Baker . 560
roseum, Engl. . 559

striatum, Hochst. . 560

subulatum, Baker . 559
Angrecum . = 183
acutum, Ridl. . . 160

alcicorne, Rchb. f. . 136
Althoffii, Kränzl. . 162
antennatum, Kränzl. 157
aphyllum, Kränzl. . 149
aphyllum, Thou. . 150
apiculatum, Hook. . 139
var. Kirkii,
Kobb. f.. . . 187

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page
var. dormani-

anum, Rchb. f. 137
arachnopus, Rchb. f. 140
arcuatum, Hook. f. 154
arcuatum, Lindl. . 153
armeniacum, Lindl. 147
armeniacum, Rchb. f. 147
Aschersoni, Kränzl. 156
ashantense, Lindl. . 159
Astroarche, Ridi. . 170
avicularium, Rchb. f. 138
Bakeri, Kränzl.. . 159

Batesii, Rolfe . . 139
bilobum, Engl. . . 136
bilobum, Lindl. . . 138

var. Kirkii,

Rebbi f 3 137
bistortum, Rolfe . 156
brachycarpum,

Behb fe EIS
buchholzianum,

Kränz.. . 157
cæspitosum, Folfe . 150
capitatum, Lindl. . 166
caudatum, Lindl. . 153
cephalotes, Kränzl. . 167
chailluanum, Hook. f. 153
Chiloschistæ, Rchb.f. 149
christyanum, /chb.f. 142
clandestinum, Lindl. 161
clavatum, Rolfe. . 145
distichum, Lindl. . 175
dives, Rolfe . . . 142
eburneum, Rchb. f. . 143
eichlerianum, Kränzl.143
elegans, Rolfe . 140
Ellisii, Rchb.f... . 142

var. occidentale,

Krénzl.. . 148
englerianum, Kränzl. 158
fimbriatum, Rendle 148
flabellifolium, Rolfe 135
flexuesum, Rolfe . 139
Galeandre, Rchb. f. 136
Giryame, Rendle . 143
globulosum, Hochst. 148
glomeratum, Ridl. . 166
gracillimum, Kränzl. 140
Grantii, Batem.. . 138
guyonianum, Achb, f. 148
henriquesianum,

Ka = ET
henriquesianum,
Bofe - . 139

ichneumoneum, Lindl.163
imbricatum, Lindl. 144
infundibulare,Lindl. 170
intricutum, Dur. &
Scie es A

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

S Page
Keniw, Kranz]... 171
Kirkii, Rolfe. . 136

kotschyanum, Rchb.f. 137
Kotschyi, Rchb. f.. 137
lagosense, Rolfe. . 145
lepidotum, Rchb. f.. 146
luridum, Lindl. . 54
luteo-album, Kränzl. 141

malangeanum,

Krénzl. SIE
megalorrhizum,

RONG fe- >) 150
Moloneyi, Rolfe. . 145

mombasense, Rolfe. 145
monodon, Lindl. 161, 173
occidentale, Rolfe . 142
pachyurum, Rolfe . 138
pellucidum, Lindl. . 162

pertusum, Lindl. . 161
Quintasii, Rolfe . 141
rhipsalisocium,

Rchb. f. . 158

rhodostictum, Krdnzl.140
rohlfsianum, Kränzl. 137

Rohrii, Rchb.f... 141
saccifero sp. aff,

Robb. fa 167
schimperianum,

Lichb. f- . 146
schimperianum,

Schweinf. . ~ 155
schellerianum,

Kriinzl. . . 144
Schumanni, Krinzl. 173
Scottellii, Rendle . 146
Sedeni, L. Lind. &

Rodi. i54
semipedale, Rendle. 137
Smithii, Rolfe . 149
subclavatum, Rolfe . 160
subulatum, Lindl. . 168
thomense, Rolfe . . 163
Thomsoni, me" Š . 148
tridactylites, Rolfe . 147
Tridens, Lindl. . . 174
vagans, Lindl. . 163
verrucosum, Rendle 172
vesicatum, Lindl. . 164
Virgula, Kränz). . 165
Wakefieldii, Rolfe . 146
Whitfieldii, Rendle . 148
Wittmackii, Kränzl. 158

Anomatheca,
angolensis, Baker . 355
cruenta, Lind). . . 355
grandiflora, Baker . 355
Ansellia . — - : -100
africana, Lindl.. . 101
africana, Lindl.. . 102

H

Page
var. nilotica,

Baker : 101
confusa, N.E.Br. . 102
congoensis, od. , 102
humilis, Bull Su

nilotica, AN E Pr . 101
var. rossiana,
EE
Anthericum. . . . 477
acuminatum, Rend. 484
anceps, Baker . 482
andongense, Baker. 482
angustifolium,
ochst. . . 489
arenarium, Baker . 488
arvense, Schinz. . 490
asphodeloides, Linn, 475
benguellense, Baker 487

Brage, Engl. . . 484
Buchanaui, Baker . 486
calyptrocarpum,

ake o o a © 480
Cameroni, Baker . 493
campestre, Engl. . 483
caulescens, Baker . 485

501
489
481

Chamemoly, Hochst.
corymbosum, Baker
dissitiflorum, Baker
drimiopsis, Baker .
elongatum, Willd. . 491
Fischeri, Baker. . 507
flavoviride, Baker . 490
flexifolium, Jacq. . 491
Giryamæ, Rend. . 487
Grantii, Baker . . 488
gregorianum, Rend. 490
humile, Hochst . . 489
inconspicuum, Baker 480
E R. &
eS . 491
Jamesii, Baker . . 490
kemoense, Hua. . 483
limosum, Baker. . 482
longifolium, A. Rich. 507
maerophyllum,
A: Rick . >. . 498
malosanum, Baker . 492
matabelense, Baker 484
milanjianum, Rend. 486
molle, Baker . . 493
monophyllum, Baker 485

nervosum, Hua. . 483
nidulans, Baker . 492
nubicum, Baker . 484
Nyase, Rend. . . 481
Oatesii, Baker . . 491

orchideum, Welw. . 487
ornithogaloides,

Hochst. . . 508

Antholyza

511 |

Aristea

Asparagus

581

Page
pterocaulon, Welw. . 481
pubirachis, Baker . 481
pumilam, Hua . . 480
purpuratnm, Rend.. 485
pyrenicarpum, Welw. 491
rubellum, Baker . 482
Saltii, Baker . , 492
speciosum, Rend. . 486
sphacelatum, Baker 489
Stuhlmanni, Hngl.. 488
subpetiolatum, Baker 481
superpositum, Baker 487
taylorianum, fend. 492
tenellum, Welw.. . 480
triflorum, Amt. . . 493
triphyllum, Baker . 485
usseramense, Baker 486
ustulatum, Welw. . 479
uyuiense, Rend. . 485
venulosum, Baker . 488
Whytei, Baker . . 493
zanguebaricum,
‘Baker.

abyssinica, Brong. .
gracilis, Pax. .
huillensis, Welw. .
labiata, Pex .
Schweinfurthii,
Baker . >
watsonioides, Baker
zambesiaca, Baker .

Arethusa

simplex, Thou. . .
abyssinica, Pax. . 347
alata, Baker . e
angolensis, Baker .
johnstoniana, Rend.
Lastii, Baker .
longifolia, Baker .
nandiensis, Baker .
nyikensis, Baker
paniculata, Pax.
tayloriana, Rendle .
zombensis, Baker .

Arundastrum

schweinfurthianum,
OR. Gë

Asparagops is

abyssinica, Kunth
ethiopica, Kunth

Lamarckii, Kunth .
Willdenovii, Kunth.

abyssinicus, Hochst.
ethiopicus, Zinn. .
var. ternifolius,
Baker .

582 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page } Page Page
africanus, Lam.. . 433 scabrida, Pax. . 411 apetalum, Lindl.. . 132
angolensis, Baker . 432 | Schnitzleinia, Pax . 410 aurantiacum, Hook.f. 30

asiaticus, Linn.. . 432| Spekei, Harms . . 412 barbigerum, Lindl.. 34
bechuanicus, Baker 429 | splendens, Harms . 412 bifarium, Lindl... . 27
benguellensis, Baker 427 | squarrosa, Pax. . 410 Braunii, Krdnzl. . 25
Buchanani, Baker . 434 tomentosa, Pax . . 412 Bufo, Rchb.f. . . 43
conglomeratus, Baker 428 velitma, Par . . 412 cæspitosum, Thouars 25
deflexus, Baker. . 431 | Barlæa Calamaria, Bot.
drepanophyllus, | calcarata, Rchb. f. . 211 Mag = 33
eko - _ . 435 | Biya ; a S calamarium, Lindl. 33
equisetoides, Welw. 428| radicans, Ridl. . . 6 calyptratum, Kränzl. 26
exuvials: Durch. . 426 Bonatea = = . = . 252 cochleatum, Lindl.. 28
falcatus, Linn. . . 435| cirrhata, Lindl... . 248 cocoinum, Batem. . 31

flagellaris, Baker . 430; Emini, Rolfe. . . 254 colubrinum, Rchb.f. 40
hereroensis, Schinz. 428 | Kayseri, Rolfe . . 255 comatum, Lindl. . 32
irregularis, Baker . 432 Phillipsii, Rolfe. . 254 coriscense, Rchb.f.. 30
Jadtii, Schinz . . 429 rabaiensis, Rolfe . 253 denticulatum, Rolfe 25.

laricinus, Burch. . 433 Steudneri, Dur. d: distans, Lindl. . . 34
Lon nie Baker. . 431 e 6. 208 Drallei, Rchb. f. . 30
medeoloides, Thunb. 435 volkensiana, Rolfe. 253 | Elaidum, Lindl. . 29

mis A. Rich. — 432 1 Boottia . . ... T| faleatum, Rchb. f.. 41
mozambicus, Kunih 431 abyssinica, Ridl. . 9| falcipetalum, Lindl. 26

namaensis, Schinz . 429 crassifolia, Ridil. . 9] filiforme, Ardnzl. . 27
Nelsii, Schinz . . 431 exserta, Ridi. . . 8 flavidum, Lindl. . 30
nudicaulis, Baker . 428| Fischeri, Giirke. . 8 var. purpureum,

Pauli-Gulielmi, Solms428 macrantha, Wright 9

var.Daltoni, Baker 429| muricata, Wright . 5
petersianns, Kunth 427 scabra, Benth. &
petitianus, A. Rich. 434 | HI:

Rifas — . — 30
fuscum, Lindl. . . 24
| Gabonis, Lind. d

ae 8 BNO. Ee
pilosus, Baler . . 427 | Botryosicyos galeatum, Lindl. . 127
plumosus, Baker . 430| _ pentaphyllus,Hochst. 420 gravidum, Lindl. . 27
psilurus, Welw. . . 427 | Brachycorythis. . . 200 Herminiostachys,
pubescens, Baker . 430| Buchananii, Rolfe . 570 MOND fk = o oe
puberulus, Baker . 431 engleriana, Krànzl. 205 hookerianum, Kränzl. 25
racemosus, Willd. . 434 Kalbreyeri, Rchb. f. 201 imbricatum, Lindl.. 37
retrofractus, Forsk. 433 Last, Rolfe. . . 203 inflatum, Rolfe . . 33
scaberulus, A. Rich. 432 parviflora, Rolfe . 202 intertextum, Lindl. 29
Schweinfurthii, pleistophylla, Rchb.f. 202 lupulinum, Lindl. . 28.
Bako - 4... 4&29 pubescens, Harv. . 201 Mannii, Hook. f. . 28
shirensis, Baker . 427 Pumilio, Rchb. f. . 203 maximum, Rchb.f.. 43:
Steudneri, Schweinf. 432 Schweinfurthii, melanorrhachis,
virgatus, Baker. . 426 CKO EE Rohb: fe... ae
zanzibaricus, Baker 430 tenuior, Rchb.f. . 205 Melleri, Rchb.f. . 42
Asphodelus . . . . 476| Welwitschii, Rchb.f. 202 micropetalum, Lindl. 131

g
for)
oO

estivus, Reichb. . 476 | Brownleea . . . `. 287 monticolum, Hook.f. 28
Chamemoly, Hochst. 501 alpina, ANE Dr . 287 nigripetalum, Rolfe 31
fistulosus ` ` apetala, AN E fr . 287 Nummularia, Rolfe. 35
var. tenuifolius, Brunsvigia `. . . . 405 Oreonastes, Rchb. f. 24
_. Baker . . .476| Kik, Baker . . 405 oxypterum, Rchb. f. 39
intermedius, Horn. . 476 massaiana, L. Lind. 398 avimentatum, Lindl. 32
microcarpus, Rchb. . 477 | Bulbine . . . . . 475 ipio, Bchb. f. . . 32
parviflorus, Wight . 477 abyssinica, A. Rich. 475 porphyroglossum,
tenuifolius, Cav. . 476 alooides, Willd.. . 476 Pad De ee ome
: | asphodeloides, pumilum, Lindl.. . 131
Barbacenia | Su f. EE Quintasii, Rolfe. . 29
equatorialis, Harms 413| platyphylla, Baker . 476 recurvum, Lindl. . 31
capillaris, Pax . . 411 | unifolia, Schweinf. 471 reptans, Lindl. . . 34

hereroensis, Schinz . 411 | Bulbophyllum . . . 22| resupinatum, Ridl.. 2f}
Hildebrandtii, Pax 409| andongense, Rchb. f. 31| Rhizophoræ, Lindl. 2X6

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page
rupincola, Rchb. f.. 33
saltatorium, Lindl.. 34
strobiliferum, Kranz. 38
tentaculigerum,
Pee e 82
tenuicaule, Lindl. . 27
tetragonum, Lindl.. 32
velutinum, Rchb. f.. 40
viride, Rolfe. : . 29
Buphane .

angolensis, Baker . 397
disticha, Herb. . 392
Fischeri, Baker 577
toxicaria, Herb. 392

Burmannia - : =. 11
africana, J. Br. &
Deh es
bicolor, var. africana,

mUa a a
BURMANNIACE® . . 10

Cadalvena + = 296
pistiæfolia, Baker . 297
spectabilis, Fenzl . 297

Ceesia
africana, Baker 513

Calanthe. . 45

corymbosa, Lindl. . 46
delphinioides,
TON 6. oo AG
sylvatica, var. nata-
lensis, Kränzl. . 46
Volkensii, Rolfe . 46
Calathea o o -

conferta, Bth. 327
Mannii, Bth. . 327
rhizantha, Schum. . 327
Calyptrochilum 133
Preussii, Kriinz]. . 144
Canna 327

bidentata, A. Bert. . 328
Ehrenbergii,Bouché 328
indica, Jinn. .

subsp. orientalis,

BORER ~: ; B28
indica, Roxb. , . 328
orientalis, Rosc. 328
Caulinia

ovalie R: Br. < 5 10
Ceratopsis

rosea, Lindl. . 188
Cheirostylis . 182

heterosepala, Rchb. f. 183
lepida, Rolfe. . . 182

Chlorophytum . . . 493
abyssinicum, Kot. &
Feyi : >- =- - 503
affine, Baker 507
africanum, Engl. . 513

falcatum, Eng). .

Page
Afzelii, Baker . 496
alismefolium, Baker 496
amplexicaule, Baker 501
andongense, Baker. 506

aureum, Eng). , 513
blepharophyllum,
Schweinf. . -301
brachystachyum,
Baker = 3. 502
bracteatum, Hua . 497
brevipes, Baker. . 497

brunneum, Baker . 507
bukobense, Hngl. . 504
var. kilimand-

scharicum, Kaal, 504
campanulatum, Engl.513
Carsoni, Baker . . 499
ciliatum, Baker. . 505
colubrinum, Engl. . 514
debile, Baker . . 503
densiflorum, Eng). . 511
falcatum, Baker. . 503
D
filipendulum, Baker 499
Fischeri, Baker . 506
floribundum, Baker 505

fusiforme, Rend. . 495
gallabatense,

Schweinf. . . 504
Holstii, Engl. | 497

inornatum, Gawl. . 499
Kirkii, Baker . 506
lancifolium, Welw. . 498
laxiflorum, Baker . 503
laxum: k. Br. ; - 503
longifolium, Schweinf.507
longipes, Baker . . 506
macrophyllum, Asch. 498
Mann, Baker . . 498
marginatum, Rend. 512
Menyharthi, Schinz 503
micranthum, Baker 507
miserum, Rend. . 496
moniliforme, Rend . 500

- Orchidastrum, Baker 504

Orchidastrum, Lindl. 500
papillosum, Rend. . 514
parviflorum, Hochst. 503
petiolatum, Baker . 500
polystachyum, Baker 509
puberulum, Engl. . 505
pubiflorum, Baker . 509
pusillum, Schweinf. 502
ramiferum, Rend. . 496
rhizomatosum, Baker 508
scabrum, Baker. . 497

Schimperi, Engl. . 501
Schweinfurthii,
Baker . . 503

583

Page
sparsiflorum, Baker 498
sp. Kot. & Peyr. . 509
stenopetalum, Baker 502
suffruticosum, Baker 508
tenuifolium, Baker . 505
tetraphyllum, Baker 500
thollonianum, Hua. 499
Tinnee, Baker . . 509
tuberosum, Baker . 508
ukambense, Baker . 504

vaginatum, Hua . 502
vestitum, Baker. . 506
viridescens, Engl. . 509
Cienkowskia
ethiopica, Solms . 295
Kirku, Hk. f. . 294
Clinogyne . 315
Jupes, Bth. . . . 316
urpurea, Ridl.. . 318
Clinostigma
speciosa, Hochst. . 565
Corymbis ee oe LC
corymbosa, 'Thou. . 180

corymbosa, Dur. &
el a = 8 180

disticha, Lindl. . . 180

Thouarsii, Rchb. f. 180

Corymborchis

Thouarsii, Bl. . . 180

Welwitschii, Kuntze 180

Welwitschii, Rchb. f. 180

Costus . , 297

afer, Ker . . 299
var. maculatus,

Baker , 299

bicolor, J. Br. &
Schum. . <7. oOL
englerianus, Schum. 300
giganteus, Welw. . 302
lateriflorus, Baker . 301
ligularis, Baker. . 298
lucanusianus, J. Br.

& Schum. . . 299
maculatus, Rosc. . 299
nudicaulis, Baker . 300

panciflorus, Schum. 301
phyllocephalus,

hüm..
pistiæformis, Schum. 297
sarmentosus, Bojer 299
spectabilis, Schum. . 297

tappenbeckianus,

J. Br. & Schum. 301

trachyphyllus,
hüm: 300
unifolius, N. E. Br. 300
Crinum Ae oats ats

abyssinicum,
Hochst. . 402

584 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page Page Page

ammocharoides, var. reductum, drimiopsis, Baker . 510

Baker . — 397 Baker .2 5, - 402 falcata, Baker . . 512

angolense, Bth.. . 397 | Crocanthus gracilis, Baker . . 510

Bainesii, Baker . 394 mossambicensis, Grantu, Bith. E
belkianum, Schinz . 396 Petes = = -356 var. Engleri,

Broussonetii, Herb. 400 | Crocosmia . GC Baker : - -513

buphanoides, Welw. 398 aurea, Planch. . . 355 marginata, Baker . 512
crassipes, Baker . 403 | Cryptostephanus . . 383 papillosa, Baker . 514
distichum, Herb. . 400| densiflorus, Welw. . 384 pleiostachya, Baker 512
Dorie, Damm. . . 401| hemanthoides, Pax 383 polyphylla, Baker . 511
fimbriatulum, Baker 401 | Curculigo . . . . 382| Dendrobium
forbesianum, Herb. 398 gallabatensis, brachycarpum,
giganteum, Andr. . 404 Schweinf... . . 388 A: Rich - . -130
var. nobile, Baker 404 | Cyanastrum. . . . 336 cultriforme, Thou. . 110
Kirkii, Baker . . 402 cordifolium, Oliv. . 336 Susiforme, Thou. . 129
Lastii, Baker . . 395 Johnstoni, Baker . 336 galeatum, Sw. . . 127
Laurentii, Dur. & Cymbidium longifolium, H. B.K. 68
De Wilde. . . 403 adenoglossum,Lindl. 59 paniculatum, Sw. . 113
Jeucophyllum, Baker 397 angolense, Rchb. f.. 76| pumilum, Sw. . . 131
longifolium, var. Cynorchis Ee, roseum, Sw. 85, 129, 578

farinianum, Baker 398 | “anacamptoides, schimperianum,
longitubum, Pax , 395 amet . . 260 A. Rich 33. -146
majakallense, Baker 399| Buchanani, Rolfe . 260| Deræmeria . . . . 195
massaianum, N. E. Hanningtoni, Rolfe 261 acuminata, Rend. d

B . 898 Johnsoni, Rolfe. . 261 Schl 2 m

We ae.
Menyhartbi, Baker 395| Kirkii, Hofe- . : 261 montigena, Rolfe . 196
natans, Baker . . 396 Usambaræ, Rolfe . 260 præcox, Rend. &

nobe, Bull . = | 404 Volkensii, Kranzl. . 260 Schl vos a Eee
ornatum, Bury . . 400 | Cynosorchis Schimperi, Rolfe . 197
var. herbertianum, occidentalis, Dur. & squamata, Jichb. f.. 196
Herbi - 40i Seh.. a 262 triloba, Rofe . . 197
var. zeylanicum, Cypripedium unifolia, Rchb. f. . 197
Herb. . - 401 epidendricum, Vell. 68 | Dictyostegia.

parvum, Baker . . 399 | Cyrtanthus . . . . 384 longistyla, Benth. . 12
pauciflorum, Baker 399| ‘sanguineus, Hk. J. « 885 usambarica, Engl. . 12
pedicellatum, Pax . 399 | Welwitschii, Hiern 384 | Dierama. . . . . 349
petiolatum, var. Cyrtopera, Lindl. . . 47 cupuliflorum, Klatt. 350
See: Herb. . 404| amazonica, Rodr. . 68 ensifolium, K. Koch. 350
podophyllum, Baker 403 flavopurpurea, pendula, Baker. . 349
Poggei, Pax. . . 395 Rchb.f... . . 66 | Dietes
purpurascens, Herb. 396 flexuosa, Rolfe . . 68 compressa, Klatt . 343
rautanenianum, longifolia, Rchb. f.. 68 iridifolia, Salisb. . 343
Schinas .. . 40? Shupangæ, Rchb. f. 66 iridioides, Sweet . 343
rhodanthum, Baker 397 vellosiana, Rodr. . 68 | Dioscorea . . . . 414
rueppelianum, Fres. 401 Walleri, Rchb. f. . 67 abyssinica, Hochst. 418
sandenanum, Baker 400 Woodfordii, Lindl.. 68 alata, Linn... . . 417

scabrum, Herb. . . 401 Cyrtopodium beccariana, Mart. . 420
Schimperi, Vatke . 402 Woodfordii, Sims . 68 Buchanani, Bth. . 415
Stuhlmanni, Baker 578 buchholziana, Engl. 419
subcernuum, Baker 396 | Damasonium bulbifera, Harms . 415
tanganyikense, indicum, Willd... . 7 colocasizfolia, Pax 417

Baker see 400 | Dasystachys . . . 610 damona, Bth. . . 419
Thruppii, Baker . 394 aurea, Baker. . . 512 dumetorum, Pax . 419
tinneanum, Kot. & campanulata, Baker 513 hirtiflora, Bth. . . 416

Fear. -395 crassifolia, Baker . 511 Holstii, Harms . . 421
vanillodorum,Welw. 404| colubrina, Baker . 514 hylophila, Harms . 416
Welwitschii, Baker 398 debilis, Baker . . 513 latifolia, Bih. . . 415
yucceeflorum, Salisb. 399 decorata, Baker . 512 macroura, Harms . 416
zeylanicum, Linn. . 401 densiflora, Baker . 511 minutiflora, Engl. . 41

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

: Page
multiflora, Pax . . 418
odoratissima, Pax . 418

pentaphylla, A. Rich. 420
phaseoloides, Pax . 420
prehensilis, Bth. . 418
var. minutiflora,
Baker . 418
Preussii, Pax . . 417
quartiniana, Engl. 420
var. polydactyla,
Paxs o 420
quartiniana, A. Rich. 419 |

rubiginosa, Bth. . 417
agittifolia, Pax . 416
sansibarensis,

Pax . 418, 578
sativa, Linn. -A15

schimperiana, Hochst.419
var. vestita, Pax . 419

schweinfurthiana,
Ear. SS

Stuhlmanni, Harms 421
triphylla, A. Rich. . 419
Vespertilio, Bth. . 420
DroscorEace& . . 414
Deeds ss 516
arenarium, Baker . 520

bakerianum, Schinz 518
clarkeanum, Schinz 522
comosum, Welw. . 521
durandianum, Schinz 518
fesoghlense, Baker . 519
filifolium, Baker . 520
firmifolium, Baker . 519
lanceolatum, Baker 522
lateritium, Welw. . 521
longibracteatum,

Nehinz . :- 4 522
longifolium, Baker . 519
magnum, Baker . 522
minimum, Webb . 519
occidentale, Baker . 521
oxylobum, Baker . 521
platyphyllum, Baker 518
sansibaricum, Ængl. 519
tacazzeanum, Baker 520
thollonianum, Hua . 523
unifolium, Baker . 518
vaginatum, Baker . 523
venenatum, Schinz. 518
viride, Moench . . 523
Welwitschii, Baker 520
zambesiacum, Baker 517

Disperis

Diplogastra
angolensis, Welw. .
Dia o 27D
alpina, Hook. f.
aperta, N. E. Br.
apetala, Kränzl.

185 |

i

` 286 |
. 288 |

` 287 | D

Page |
aurantiaca, Rchb. f. 280 |
Carsoni, N. E. Br. 277
concinna, N. E. Br. 284
Deckenii, Rchb. f. . 280
Emini, Kränz . - 282 |
equestris, Rehb. f. . 284 |
erubescens, Rendle . 277 |
gregoriana, Rendle . 281
hamatopetala, Rendle 286 |
hircicornis, Rchb. f. 283
kilimanjarica,

Rendle . . 281
Macowani, Rehb. f. 284
ochrostachya, Rchb.f.279
Papilio, Dur. & Sch. 203 |
polygonoides, Kranz. 281
Preussii, Kränz). . 287 |
pulchella, Hochst. . 285
Pumilio, Dur. & Sch. 203 `
robusta, AN. E Br.. 282 |
saxicola, Schlecht. . 281 |
Schimperi, N. E. Br. 279 |
scutellifera, A. Rich. 278 |
Stairsii, Kranzl. . 281 |
versicolor, Rchb. f. . 283 |
Walleri, Rchb. f. -~ 282 |
Welwitschii, Rchb.f. 280 |

|

Wissmanni, Kränzl. 281
zombaensis, Rendle . 283
zombica, A E Br. 278 |
EE
Anthoceros, Rchb. f. 292 |
crassicaulis, Rchb. f. 289 |
galerita, Rchb.f. . 289
Johnsoni, Rchb. f. . 291
kamerunensis, Schl. 575
Kerstenii, Rchb. f.. 291 |
kilimanjarica, Rendle 290 |
Meirax, chb. f. . 290 |
mozambicensis,Schl. 575 |
nemorosa, Rendle . 292
Preussii, Rolfe 291, 575
reichenbachiana,

Welo. so> 2.35 290 |

Donax. -> - > o Si]
arillata, Schum.. . 316 |
azurea, Schum. . . 316

congensis, Schum. . 317 |
cnspidata, Schum. . 315 |
filipes, Schum. . . 316 |
leucantha, Schum. . 317 |
oligantha, Schum. . 316 |
purpurea, Schum. . 318 _
schweinfurthiana, |

Seham.. =: : 315}

ugandensis, Schum. 317 |
racena . cen 436
acaulis, Baker . . 444

acutissima, Hua . 439 |

H

Page
Afzelii, Baker 448
arborea, Link 439
aubryana, Brong. . 445
aubryana, Hua. . 445
bicolor, Hk. = > ~ 448
Braun, Engl. . 441
Biittneri, Engl... . 447

camerooniana, Baker 442

cerasifera, Hua. . 442
congoensis, Hua . 443
cylindrica, Hk. f. . 448
densiflora, Baker . 447
densiflora, Baker . 447
elegans, Hua 446
Elliottii, Baker. . 449
elliptica, Th. &
Dalm. : . - 446
Fischeri, Baker. . 441

fragans, Gawl. . . 440
gabonica, Hua . 445
glomerata, Baker .
godseffiana, Sand. . 444
goldieana, Bull . . 449
Hanningtoni, Baker 438
humilis, Baker . . 444
interrupta, Baker . 443
knerkiana, K. Koch 439

laxissima, Anal . 446
Lecomtei, Hua . . 449

Lindeni, Ill. Hort. . 441
Mannii, Baker . . 438
mayumbensis, Hua 443
medeoloides, Linn. f. 436
monostachya, Baker 447
var. angolensis,
Baker . . . 447
nitens, Welw. . 441
Ombet, Kotsch. &

Peya ae ao
ovata, Gawl. . 449
Papahu, Engl. . 440
parviflora, Baker . 440

Perrottetii, Baker . 439
var. minor, Baker 439

phanerophlebia,
Baker... < 448
phrynioides, Hk. . 447
Poggei, Engl. . 444
Preussii, Engl. , . 439

reflexa, var. nitens,
SÉ
sanderiana, Sander 442

schizantha, Baker . 437
silvatica, Hua . . 442
Smithii, Baker . . 440
sp., Hua , 438
Steudneri, Engl. . 441

var. kilimands-
charica, Engl. . 441

586

Page
surculosa, Lindl. . 443
var. maculata,

Hook. . 443
thalioides, Morr. . 445
tholloniana, Hua . 445
ugandensis, Baker . 445

Drimia i : D25
altissima, Gawl. . 539

angustitepala, Engl. 526

Barteri, Baker . . 526
bifolia, Schweinf. . 555
brevifolia, Baker . 527
Coleæ, Baker . 526
Fischeri, Baker. . 526

Hildebrandtii, Baker 527
lanceeefolia, Gawl. . 557

laxiflora, Baker. . 527
lilacina, Schweinf. . 556
robusta, Baker . . 525
zombensis, Baker . 525
Drimiopsis . . . 542
Barteri, Bake . 543
botryoides, Baker . 543
Holstii, Kaal, . . 544
Krk, Baker . . 543
perfoliata, Baker . 544
Stuhlmanni, Baker 544
Volkensii, Baker . 544
Ensete : - 329
edulis, Horan. - 329
Epidendrum
schimperianum,
Hoechst, — > 95
Epipactis. - . . . 188
africana, Rendle . 189
somaliensis, Rolfe . 189
Epipogom `, . . 188
uilfoylii, F. Muell 188
nutans, Rchb. r . 188
roseum, Lind]. . . 188
Eratobotrys
Joie Hochst.. . 555
lilacina, Fenzl . . 556
Eriospermum 470

abyssinicum, Baker 471
andongense, Welw. 472
bakerianum, Schinz 471
bechuanicum, Baker 472
corymbosum, Baker? 475
Currori, Baker . . 474
elatum, Baker . 471
flexuosum, Welw. , 472

Kirkii, Baker < 474
var. brevifolium,
Baker . . 474
linearifolium, Baker 473
ophioglossoides,
Welo . . . 473

Page
paludosum, Baker . 473
Rautanenii, Schinz 578
roseum, Schinz . . 474
eee PARS SATA
sphæro um,
F eG CYP
stenophyllum, Welw. 471
triphyllum, Baker . 473
Ethanium
cincinnatum, K.
Schum. . 5 313
Eucomis . EE
zambesiaca, Baker . 528
PUMA oo ay
abyssinica, Reichb.f. 62
adenoglossa, Reichb f. 59
aloifolia, Welw. . . 55

Autunesii, Rolfe 59
arenaria, Bolus . 82
aristata, Rend. . 60
articulata, Lindl. 80
aurantiaca, Rolfe . 67
baginsensis, Reichb.f. 56
Bainesii, Rolfe .-. 65
bella, N. E. Br.. . 98
bicolor, Reichb. f. &
Bond a
brevipetala, Rolfe 53
Buchanani, Rolfe . 64
callichroma, Reichb.f. 54
Carsoni, Rolfe . `. 64
ciliata, Reichb. f. 51
Coleæ, Rolfe . > 96
congoensis, Cogn. . 69

crinita, Rolfe . . 58

cristata, Steud. . 80
dichroma, Rolfe . 62
dispersa, N. E. Br.. 95
Dusenii, Kränzl. 52
Elliotii, Rolfe. 54
euglossa, Reichb. f. 57
flavopurpurea, Rolfe 65
flexuosa, Kränz, ` . 68
galeoides, Kränzl. . 569
gigantea, N. E. Br. 87
gracilis, Lindl. . 51
graciliscapa, Schl. . 569
gracillima, Ridl. 52
guineensis, Lindl. . 69
var. purpurata

RS e
helleborina, Hk. f. . 204
hereroensis, Schlecht. 61
holstiana, Kränzl.. 65
Holubii, Rolfe 60
humilis, Rendle . 59
Johnstoni, Rolfe 66
Kirkii, Rolfe . 58

Krebsii, Bolus

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

lanceolata, Rolfe
lata, Rolfe
latifolia, Rolfe
Ledienii, Stein .
leonensis, Rolfe .
longepedunċulata,
Rendle . e
longibracteata, Dur.
Sh eo
longicollis, Lindl.
longisepala, Rendle
lurida Lindi =
lutea, Lindl. .
macrantha, Lolfe
maculata, Stein
manganjensis, Rolfe
Mechowii, Dur. Sch.
milanjiana, Rendle .
Milnei, Reichb. €
Missionis, Rendle .
Monile, Reichb. f. .
monticola, Rolfe.
Nuttii, Rolfe .
Nyasæ, Rendle . .
Petersii, Reichb. f. .
Phillipsie, Lolfe
porphyroglossa,
Bolus oes
prestans, Rendle
Preussii, Kränzl.
Protearum, Reichb.f.
quartiniana, A.Rich.
renschiana, Dur. &
Sch.
ruwenzoriensis,
Rendle .
saundersiana,
Reichb. € . -
schimperiana,A.Rich.
Schweinfurthii,
geng, ee
Shupange, Kréinzl.
Smithii, Rolfe .
speciosa, Rolfe . .
stachyodes, Heichb.f.
stricta, Rolfe . .
subulata, Rendle .
tanganyikensis, Rolfe
tayloriana, ee -
Thomsoni, Rolfe .
venulosa, Reichb. f.
viridis, Kränzl. . .
virilis, Lindl.
Walleri, Kränzl.
Welwitschii, Hook. f.
Welwitschii, Rolfe .
Woodfordii, Rolfe .
Eulophidium

maculatum, Pfitz. .

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page

Ferraria . a -343
bechuanica, Baker . 344
Welwitschii, Baker 344

Galeandra
Bouliawongo,
Rene; EE
euglossa, Rehb. f. . 57
extinctoria, Lindl. . 51
graciis, Lindl. . . 51
longibracteata,Lindl, 80
TEHRAN eg 59
quartiniana, Rchb.f. 69
Galera
nutans, Bl.
rosea, Bl. .
Gastronema
sanguineum, Lindl. 385
Geissorhiza
abyssinica, R. Br. .

abyssinica, Klatt . 349
alpina, Hk. f. . . 348
Gethyllis

ilosa, Sch. & Th. .
Gladiolus . Es
equinoctialis, Herb. 359
andongensis, Baker 371
anyolensis, Baker .
angustus, Baker
Antunesii, Baker . 576
aphanophyllus, Baker 363
atropurpureus, Baker 364
benguellensis, Baker 370
brachyandrus, Baker 370
brevicaulis, Baker . 366
Buchanani, Baker . 362

Buettneri, Pax . . 372
caudatus, Baker . 367
cochleatus, Baker . 373

364
. 368

cerulescens, Baker
corneus, Oliv.

decoratus, Baker . 370
edulis, Burch. . 373
erectiflorns, Baker . 367
flexuosus, Baker . 372
Garnieri, Klatt. . 376
gracillimus, Baker . 363
Grantii, Baker . . 366
gregarius, Welw. . 365
Hanningtoni, Baker 366

Johnstoni, Baker . 372
kilimandscharicus,

paket os 2s BL
Kirkii, Baker . 366
laxiflorus, Baker . 362
Inridus, Welw. . . 365
luteolus, Klatt. . . 368
macrophlebius,

Baker . 516

S Page
masukuensis, Baker 365

Melleri, Baker . . 362
mosambicensis,

Baker . — . 316
multiflorus, Baker . 369
Newii, Baker . 368
nyikensis, Baker . 367
Oatesii, Rolfe . 378
oliganthus, Baker . 576

oligophlebius, Baker 367
pallidus, Baker. . 577
pauciflorus, Baker . 368
pubescens, Pax . . 364
quartinianus, A. Rich.371
quilimanensis, Baker 577
saltatorum, Baker . 371

spicatus, Klatt . . 369
splendidus, end. . 369
subulatus, Baker . 577

sulphureus, Baker . 370
taylorianus, Rend. . 371
Thomsoni, Baker . 372
tritonioides, Baker . 363
unguiculatus, Baker 372
venulosus, Baker . 366
watsonioides, Baker 376
var. minor, Baker 375
Welwitschii, Baker . 371
Whytei, Baker . . 363
zambesiacus, Baker 364
zanguebaricus, Baker 365
Gloriosa.: =- - . 063
abyssinica, A, Rich. 565
var. graminifolia,
Franch, . . 565

angulata, S. & T. . 563
Carsoni, Baker . . 565
cerulea, Mill. . 564
doniana, R. &. S. . 563
minor, Rend. . 564
simplex, Linn. . . 564
speciosa, Engl. . . 565
superba, Linn. . . 563

var. angustifolia,
Baker . . . 563

virescens, Lindl. . 563
var. grandiflora,
Baker . 564
Govenia

barbata, Poepp. . 68
Gussonia

aphylla, A. Rich. . 150

sdis, Ridl. . . . 149

globulosa, Ridl.. . 148

Gymnadenia
macrantha, Lindl. . 204
var. punctulata,
Kränzl. . . 204

Gymnosiphon . .. Il

Habenaria

587

Page
congestus, Wright . 12
squamatus, Wright 12
usambaricus, Engl.. 12

-< 206
zequatorialis, Rend, 229:
altior, Rend. . . 245
anaphysema, Rchb.f. 235
anisoptera, Rchb. f. 224
anomala, Lindl. . 242
antennifera, A. Rich. 231
armatissima, Hecht f. 227
attenuata, Hk. f- . 216
aurea, Kranz). . . 256-
barrina, Ridl. . 230
Bongensium, Rchb.f. 233.
bracteosa, Hochst. . 217

buchananiana,

Kriinzl. . 257
buchwaldiana,

Kränzl. . . 572:

buettneriana, Arénzl.237

calcarata, Dih. . . 211
calva, Rolfe . . 226.
candida, Lindl.. . 212

cardiochila, Kränzl. 214
cataphysema, Lchb.f.237
ceratopetala, dA. ich. 231
chirensis, Rehb. f. . 238
chlorotica, Rchb. f. 217
cirrhata, Rchb.f. . 248.
clarencensis, Rolfe . 216

combusta, Ridl.. . 214
confusa, Rolfe - 241
crocea, Schwf. . 258
culicifera, Rend. . 237
cultrata, A. Rich. . 232°

cultriformis, Krdnzl. 232:
debilis, Hk. f- . . 213.
decaptera, Rehb. f. 246
decorata, Hochst. . 223:
deflexa, Hochst.. . 218.
distantiflora, A.Rich. 218
dregeana, Kränzl. . 226.

var. calva, Rchb. f. 226
eburnea, Ridl, 2221
ecaudata, Krdnzl, . 249
Emini, Kranz. . . 254
engleriana, Krdnzl. 222
epipactidea, Rchb.f. 219-
Erythree, Rolfe . 215.
filicornis, Lindl. . 216
gabonensis, Rchb. f. 220
genuflexa, Rend. . 242
Guingange, Rchb. f. 258
helleborina, Nickols. 204

hircina, Rehb. f. . 220
hochstetteriana,
Kränzl. s; 243.

588 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

i Page Page Page
Holstii, Kränz. . 238 | poggeana, Kränzl. . 259 bivalvis, G. Beck . 391
Holubii, Rolfe . . 249 polyantha, Krénzl. . 239 brachyandrus, Baker 391

huillensis, Hoi, f. . 240 preaita, Lindl. . . 216 cinnabarinus, Desne. 390
humilior, Rchb.f. . 236 prestans, Rend. . 225 delagoenis, Herb. . 389

ichneumonea, Lindl. 240 procera, Lindl. . . 220 eurysiphon, Harms 388

ichneumonea, Rchb.f. 241 Protearum, Rchb. f. 258 filiforus, Hiern . . 387

ichneumoniformis, psiloceras, Welw. . 222 germarianus, J. Br.
Schweinf. . . . 215| quartiniana, A. Rich. 223 E Sech. - 390

incompta, Kränzl. . 571 rabaiensis, Rend. . 253 Kalbreyeri, Baker . 389
ingrata, Rend. . . 236 ranicolorata, Rchb. f. 244 kundianus, J. Br. &
insignis, Rolfe 234, 572 raricolorata, Rchb. f. 244 BORE = Gee a 389
insignis, Schl. . . 571 Rendlei, Rolfe . . 213 Lindeni, N. E. Br. 391
Johnsoni, Rolfe. . 571 replicata, Hochst. . 244 longipes, Engl. . . 391

Kayseri, Kränz, . 255 rhopalostigma, Mannii, Baker . . 388
Kilimanjari, Rchb. f. 240 Aaf. . . 248, 572 micrantherus, Paz. 388
Lecardii, Kréinzl. `. 228 ridleyana, Kränzl. . 243 multiflorus, Martyn 388
lefeburiana, Dur. & Rive, Krdnzl. . . 572 Nicholsoni, Baker . 392

Sch.. -200 robusta, Welw. . . 233 robustus, Pax . . 389
leonensis, Kréinzl. . 212 remeriana, Dur. & rotularis, Baker . 390
leptobrachiata, Ridl, 232 Sch. . aes 198 rupestris, Baker . 388

longistigma, Rolfe . 248 ruwenzoriensis, somaliensis, Baker. 391
Lugardii, Rolfe. . 228 Rend. SS 233 tenuiflorus, Herb. . 389
lykipiensis, Rolfe . 243 schimperiana, Hochst.241 toxicarius, Thunb.. 392
macrandra, Lindl. . 206 Schinzii, Rolfe . . 219 zambesiacus, Baker 387
macrantha, Hochst. 224 Schweinfurthii, | Hzmoporacezx . . 331
macranthe sp. af., Rchb. f. . . E 2 46
Roho: SOs simensis, Rchb. f. . 234 | ovalis, Hook. f- . . 10
macrura, Kränzl. . 229| sochensis, Rchb. f. . 239 ovata, Gaud. . . 10
malacophylla, Rchb.f, 230 Soyauxii, Kränzl. . 246 stipulacea, Aschers 10
Mannii, Hk. f. . . 225 Spiranthes, 2chb. f. 216 | Haworthia . . . . 469
martialis, Rchb. f.. 236 splendens, Rend. `. 224 angolensis, Baker . 469
Mechowii, Rchb. f. 226 Staudtiana, Kränzl. 571 | Helmia
microceras, Hk. f. . 213 Staudti, Kränzl. 221, 571 dumetorum, Kth. . 419
Milnei, Rehb. f. . 221 stenochila, Lindl. . 212 | Herminium
mirabilis, Rolfe. . 572 Steudneri, Rchb. f. 253 Steudneri, Rchb. f. 200
montolivea, Kränzl. 212 Stylites, Rchb.f. & Hesperantha . . . 348
ndiana, Rend. . . 239 SM, Bae alpina, Bth. & Hk. f. 348
Nicholsoni, Rolfe . 571 subarmata, Rehb. f. 227 kilimanjarica, Rend. 349
njamnjamica, Kränzl.230 tentaculigera, Rchb. f.230 petitiana, Baker . 348
nyikana, Rchb. fr e 244 tenuicaulis, Rend. . 257 var.uniflora, Baker 349
occultans, Welw. . 246| tenuior, N. E. Br. | 205 ës Hochst . 349
oligantha, Hochst. . 248 tenuispica, Rend. . 215| Volkensii, Harms . 349
paludosa, Lindl. . 256| thomana, Rehb, Jc: 229 | Heteria . =. -~ 188
paludosa, Rchb. f. . 258| Thomsoni, Rehb: J.. -242 | ` Mann, Bih. . . 184
pantothrix, Kränzl. 235 tricruris, Rehb. f. . 223 | Hippeastrum . . . 386
Ee Rchb. f.244| tridactyla, A. Rich. 219 africanum, Welw. . 386
eltastes, chb. f.. 238 vaginata, A. Rich.. 222 Regine, Herb. . . 386
perbella, Rchb, f . 247| variabilis, Ridl.. , 217 | Holothriz . ` ` 190
peristyloides, Rend. 213 | ` villosa, Rolfe. : : 229 arachnoidea, Dur. &

peristyloides, A. Rich. 214 Vogel, Ridl. . . 241 choo ; 192
petitiana, Dur. & volkensiana, Kränzl. 254 arachnoidea, Rchb. f. 192
Sch, . .<<-199| Walleri, Rehb. f. . 247 brongniartiana,
Phillipsii, Rolfe. . 254 Welwitschii. Rchb.f, 235 Reohb. fe . : A
platyanthera,Rehb.f, 251| Wilfordii, Ridl. ~. 257 Johnstoni, Rolfe . 194
plectomaniaca, Rchb. zambezina, Rchb. f. 211 Lastii, Rolfe . < 195
f. & S. M: . 25 zenkeriana, Kränzl. 247 longiflora, Rolfe . 194
plectromaniaca, Hemanthus. . . . 386 Medusa, Kränzl. . 194

Rehb. f. & S. M. 245 abyssinicus, Herb. . 389 montigena, Ridl. . 196
pleistadenia, Rchb.f. 261 angolensis, Welw. . 390 Nyase, Rolfe . . 193

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page |
platydactyla, Kränzl. 193

pleistodactyla,
Roane . - - 193
` præcox, Rchb. f. . 197
puberula, Rend.. . 191
Richardii, Rolfe. . 191

| Iphigenia

|

Schimperi, Rchb. f. 197 |

squamata, Rchb. f.
tridentata, Rchb. f. 193
unifolia, Rchb. f. . 197
Usambaræ, Kränzi. 192

Hymenostigma
Schimperi, Hochst. 339
tridentatum, Hochst. 339

Hypodematium . . 70
abyssinicum, A.

EE

Hypoxis . 5 BME

abyssinica, Hochst. 380
angolensis, Baker . 380
angustifolia, Lam. . 378
camerooniana, Baker 577
canaliculata, Baker 379
cuanzensis, Welw. . 379
Fischeri, Pax . 382
gregoriana, Rend. . 380
kilimanjarica, Baker 378
laikipiensis, Rend. . 381
malosana, Baker . 379
monanthos, Buker . 378
nyasica, Baker . . 380
obtusa, Burch . 381
petitana, A. Rich. . 380
polystachya, Welw. 382
var. andogensis,

Baker . 382
Schimperi, Baker . 378
Schnitzleinia,Hochst.410
simenensis, Hochst. 380

sobolifera, Jacq. . 380
subspicata, Pax. . 381
villosa, Zinn. f.. . 379

Imhofia . .. . 405

196 |

Page
laticoma, Schinz . 406
undulata, Kuntze . 406
. 561
bechuanica, Baker . 562
guineense, Baker . 562
Oliveri, Engl. 2 502
somaliensis, Baker . 562
strumose, Baker . 562

Ipsea .

thomsoniana, Pëtz, 44
Trex Brees opt

| Tris.

|

|
|
|
!
|
|

vatkeana, Lchb. f. . 192
Hyacinthus . . 524 |
ledebourioides,
Baken = >- . O24
viridis, Linn. . 523 |
Hybophrynium
braunianum, K.
Sehum. — «ole
Hydina . - -— . 1
dregeana, Presl . 4
muscoides, Planch.. 4
verticillata, Royle . 2
HyprocHaRIDEZ . . 1
Hymenocallis . . . 408
senegambica, Kth. . 408

|

|

augusta, Thunb. . 340

compressa, Linn. f. . 343

crassifolia, Lodd. . 343

diversifolia, Steud. . 339

moreoides, Ker. . 348
Ixia

hochstetteriana, A.

Rich. < 349
pendula, Thunb. . 350
petitiana, A. Rich. . 349
quartiniana, A. Rich. 358

Kæmpferia . . 294
æthiopica, Bth. . . 294

var. angustifolia,
Rid. .
brachystemon,

Schum. . 296
Carsoni, Baker . . 296
Kirkii, Schum. . 294

macrosiphon, Baker 296
pleiantha, Schum. . 296

rosea, Schweinf. . 295
spectabilis, Bth. . . 297
Kniphofia . 450

abyssinica, Schweinf. 450
andongensis, Baker 454
benguellensis, Baker 454
comosa, Hochst. . 452

densiflora, Engl. . 453
foliosa, Engl. . 452
foliosa, Hochst. . . 453
Grantii, Baker . . 451
insignis, Rend. . . 452
isoétifolia, Hochst. . 451
Kirkii, Baker . 453
Leichtlinii, Baker . 452
var. distachya,

Baker . 452

longistyla, Baker . 451

quartiniana, A.Rich. 454
Schimperi, Baker . 452
Thomsoni, Baker . 451

zombensis, Baker . 453
Lachenalia
lanceefolia, Jacq. . 557

Lagarosiphon . . . 2

Lmiack#® ...

589

Page
cordofanus, Casp. . 4
crispus, Rend. 4
Fischeri, Gürke . 4
hydrilloides, Rend.. 4
muscoides, Harv. . 3
nyasse, Ridi . . 38
rubella, Rid. . . 3
Schweinfurthii,

Casp: -= : > 3
Steudneri, Casp. . 3
tenuis, Rend, . — 3

Lapeyronsia . 350
abyssinica, Baker . 351
abyssinica, Baker . 352
Bainesii, Baker . 352
caudata, Schinz . 352
coerulea, Schinz . 351
congesta, Rend. . 353
cruenta, Baker . . 354
cyanescens, Baker . 354
edulis, Schinz 353
erythrantha, Baker 351
fragrans, Baker . 353

grandiflora, Baker . 355
holostachya, Baker 354
littoralis, Baker . 354
Monteiroi, Baker . 355
odoratissima, Baker 354
porphyrosiphon,

aker c . i « 353
Sandersoni, Baker . 352
Welwitschii, Baker 352

Ledebouria

hyacinthina, Roth . 551
, 421

Limodorum
articulatum, Sch. &
ES , 80
bidens, Afz. . - 160

ciliatum, Sch. & Th. 53

cristatum, Sw. . . 80
cucullatum,
Afz. . . 82, 127,578

emarginatum, Sw. . 144
imbricatum, Sw. . 175

luridum, Pers. . . 54
roseum, Don. . . 188
Tindneria . . . . 524
Jibrillosa, Dur.& Lubb.524
Liparis 22. 4. 1-19
abyssinica, A. Rich. 20
alata, A.Rich. `, . 21
bituberculata, Lindl. 20
Bowkeri, Harv.. . 21
capensis, Lindl, 22
elata, Lindl... . . 20
var. rufina, Ridl.. 20
gracilis, Rolfe . . 21
guineensis, Lindl. . 20

590 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page Page Page
guineensis, Rend. . 20 longifolius, Bih. . 77 Althoffi, Dar. & Sch. 162
Guingange, Fchb. f. 22| longifolius, Lindl. . 78 Aschersoni, Dur. &
purpurascens, Lind], 21 macranthus, Lindl. 86 Sek -15
rufina, Rchb.f. - . 19 malanganus, Hoch, f. 89 ashantensis, chb. f. 159
ruwenzoriensis,folje 20 malangensis, Rchb.f. 80 Bakeri, Dur. & Sch. 159
Welwitschii, Rchb. f. 21| Mechowii, Rchb. f.. 94 Batesii, Rolfe . . 167

‘Lissochilus . . . . 70) mediocris, Rend. . 82 bidens, Rolfe . . 160
abyssinicus, Dur. & micranthus, Krénzl. 93 biloba, Kränzl. . . 139
Sch 2 92 microceras, Fichb. f. 74 bistorta, Rolfe . . 155

affinis, Reana . . 3l milanjianus, Rend.. 98 Braun, Dur. œ Sch. 166
Alexandri, Rchb. f. 86 Millsoni, Rolfe . . 79 buchholziana, Dur.

amazonicus, Rodr.. 68 Monteiroi, Rolfe . 83 E Sh- E
angolensis, Rchb. f. 76 monticolus, Rend. . 97 capitata, Rchb. f. . 166
antennisepalus, Nyase, Rolfe . . 86 caudata, Rchb. f, . 153

Behb. f- -= - TTI Oatesii, Rolfe . . 89 cephalotes, Fchb. f. 166
Antunesii, Rolfe . 76 oliverianus, Rehb. f. 92 chailluana, Rchb. f. 153
arenarius, Lindl. 82,578 orthoplectrus, Rchb. f. 95 clandestina, Rolfe . 161
aurantiacus, /ichb. f. 96| paiveanus, Rchb. f. 89 clavata, Rend. . . 173
barombiensis, Kränzl. 51 var. stenophyllus, dactyloceras, Rchb. f.168
Bouliawongo, Rchb. f. 78 d 3 89 divitiflora, Kränzl.. 162
brevisepalus, Rend. 95| paludicolus, Rchb. f. 78 engleriana, Kränzl. 157
Buettneri, Kränzl. . 84| papilionaceus, Rend. 90 Erythrææ, Rolfe . 155
calopterus, Kränz), . 98 parvulus, Rend.. . 74 filiformis, Kränzl. . 169
calopterus, Fchb. f.. 93 platypterus, Rehb. f. 78 forcipata, Kränzl. . 168

caricifolius, Rehb. f. 77 porphyroglossus, Rchb. fragrantissima,
Carsoni, Rolfe . . 90 f. e Rchb.f... . 164

congoensis, Rolfe . 88 pulchellus, Rend. . 75 gabonensis, /iolfe . 161
cornigerus, Rend. . 81 purpuratus, Lindl. . 79 glomerata, Rolfe . 166

„var. minor, fend. 81 pyrophilus, Rchb. f. 74 graminifolia, Kränzl.165
dilectus, Rchb. f. . 83| Rendlei, Rolfe .`. 96| henriquesiana, Rolfe 157

var. minor, /2chb. f. 88| renschianus, Rchb. f. 90 Hookeri, Rolfe . . 154
dispersus, Rolfe . 95 Roscheri, Rchb. f. . 83 ichneumonea, Rchb.
elatus, Rolfe... = 87 roseus, Lindl. 85, 578 . 163

Elliotii, Rend. . . 88 Rueppelii, Rchb. f.. 91 A Rolfe . . 167
Ephippilum, Rchb. f. 86| ruweuzoriensis, Rend. 92 Kirkii, Rolfe. . - 164
Erythree, Rolfe . 91| saccatus, Rend. . 98 monodon, ch, f. . 160
fallax, Rchb.f. . . 80| Sandersoni, Rchb. f. 85 monteire, Rchb. f.. 156 -
Friderici, Rchb. f. . 88| Saundersonii, G.C. 85 multiflora, za . 162
giganteus, Welw. . 87 Schweinfurthii, muscicola, fo. ve . 158
gracilior, Rend. . 75 Rehb. fo 8 ie BS Papagayi, Rchb. f.. 159

var. angusta, Rend. 75 shirensis, Rend. . 92 pellucida, Rchb. f. . 162
Graefei, Kranz: 91 Smithii. Rolfe . . 96 pertusa, chb. f. . 161
graniticus, Rchb. f- 94) ap. Oliv... . . 52 rhipsalisocia, Rolfe 158
gramticus, Schweinf. 91 | Stuhlmanni,Krénzl. 93 ringens, Rchb. f. . 155
Grantii, Rchb. f. . 90| stylites, Rchb. f. . 83 rutila, Ridl. . . . 174
heteroglossus, Hchb.f. 75 | Taylori, BA". . 94 Sedeni, Rchb. f. . 154
Heudelotii, Hoh, f. 80| Thomsoni. Rolfe . 97 subclavata, Rolfe . 160
Holubii, Rolfe . . 96 validus, Rend. . . 76 subulata, Schi, f. . 168

Horsfallii, atem. . 84 var. minor, Rend. 77 thomensis, Rolfe . 163
Johnstoni, Rolfe . 97 verrucosus, Rolfe . 76 trachypus, Kränzl.. 156
Kirkii, Rolfe. . . 92 Volkensii, Rolfe . 94 Tridens, Rchb. f. . 174
Krenzlinii, Rolfe . 97| Wakefieldii, Rchb. urostachya, Kränzl. 165
Krebsii, Kränz . 94 Jed ®. Me - = : 95 vagans, Rolfe . . 162
Krebsii, Rchb. f. . 91 Wakefieldii, Rend.. 96 vesicata, Rchb. f. . 163
var, EEN Welwitschii, Rchb.f. 87 Virgula, Rolfe . . 165
Rid- 91 | Wiem, Rolfe . . 19 Welwitschii, Rchb.f. 164

latns, Rolfe . . . 79 Listrostachys . . , 150 Whytei, Rolfe . . 155
lindleyanus, Rehb. f. 77 acuminata, Rolfe . 154 Wittmackii, Rolfe . 158
livingstonianus,Achbf.81 | acuta, Rolfe. . . 159 Zenkeri, Kränzl. . 167

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES,

D : Page ]
Littonia . =- > 305]
Baudii, Terrac.. . 567 |
Hardeggeri, Beck . 566
Lindeni, Baker . . 566 |
Revoili, Franch. . 567 |
Welwitschii, Bth. . 566 |
Manniella 185, 578 |
Gustavi, Rchb. f. . 185 |

Maranta 2). aan |
brachystachya, Bth. 322

petersiana, Kl. . .

platyphylla, Kl.. . 564 |
superba, Crantz . 563
virescens, Kth. . . 564

Page
564

var. Plantii, PL

Ser o -o-oo 004
| Microceelia
exilis, Lindl. . 149
teniophyllum,
Hochst. 149
| Microstylis: =- <: : 17
prorepens, Kränzl. . 18
stelidostachya,
Rehb. f. 18
Monochilus
lepidus, Rchb. f. 183
tetrapterus, Rchb. f. 182
Monostiche . SE
Danielli, Horan. 321
Montbretia . ae
abyssinica, Hochst. 351
gallabatensis,
Schweinf. . = 301
laxifolia, Klatt. . 357
Montoliveaa. . . .
elegans, Rchb. f. . 213
Mores. : : - a - 338
andongensis, Baker 342
angusta, Ker . . 340
aurantiaca, Baker . 575
Candelabrum, Baker 342
Carsoni, Baker . . 341
diversifolia, Baker . 339
glutinosa, Baker . 342
gracilis, Baker . . 338
iridioides, Zinn. . 342
kitambensis, Baker 575
macrantha, Baker . 340
Mechowii, Pax . . 339
spithamea, Baker . 341
textilis, Baker . . 341
Thomsoni, Baker . 341
vegeta, Mill. . . 343
ventricosa, Baker . 340
Welwitschii, Baker 339
zambesiaca, Baker. 339
Mok Ss -328
L akren Bull . 330
uchanani, Raker . 329
Cavendishii, Lamb. 331
cliffortiana, Linn. . 331
Ensete, Gmel. . . 329
livingstoniana, Kirk 330
Massoni, Sagot . . 331
paradisiaca, Linn. . 331
proboscidea, Oliv. . 330
sapientum, Linn. . 330
var. Massoni,
Baker . . 331

cuspidata, Rosc. . 315 |
geniculata, Lam. . 314 |
Maina = 6. 5 540 |
Sabini, Lindl. . 343 |
sabiniana, Herb. . 343 |
Mazillaria |
longifolia, Lindl. 68 |
Megaclinium 36 |
Bufo, Lindl. . 43 |
Clarkei, Rolfe . 41
colubrinum, /ichb. f. 40
falcatum, Lindl. 41
flaccidum, Hook. 43
imbricatum, Rolfe . 37
inschootianum, folfe 39
leucorhachis, Rolfe . 37
Lindleyi, Rolfe . 43
maximum, Lindl. . 38
maximum, Lindl. 43
melanorrhachis

Bf ses Al
Melleri, Hk. f. . . 42
Millenii, Rolfe . 40
minutum, Rolfe. . 40
Nummularia, Wendl.

& Kránzl.. : - 35
oxypterum, Lindl. 29
platyrhachis, Rolfe. 43
purpuratum, Lindl. 39
pusillum, Rolfe . . 42
strobiliferum, Rolfe 38
tentaculigerum,

Rob. fo cee 2
triste, Rolfe. . . 38
velutinum, Lindl. . 39

Melanthium
guineense, Welw. . 562
tenue, Hk. f. 560
viride, Linn. f. . . 561

Merendera ac: > B68
abyssinica, A. Rich. 558
longispatha, Hochst. 559
schimperiana,

Hochst. . 559

Methonica
doniana, Kt Ti oe
randifiora, Hk.
$ H 564

Leepoldii, Lem.

591

Page
var. paradisiaca,

Baker . 331

var. sanguinea,

Baker - 331

var. vittata,

Hook. . 331
ventricosa, Welw. . 330
vittata, Ackerm. . 331

Mystacidium < 169
angustum, Rolfe . 570
aphyllum, Dur. &

e Eet EC
Astroarche, Rolfe . 170
Batesii, Rolfe . 172
clavatum, Rolfe . 172
curvatum, Rolfe . 174
distichum, Bth.. . 175

dolabriforme, Rolfe . 175
erythropollinium,

Dur. & Seh. - 173
exile, Dur. & Sch. .
globulosum, Dur. &

Bele oe 148
Gravenreuthii, Rolfe 171
infundibulare, Rolfe 170
Keoniæ, Bofe. — - 171
longicaudatum, Rolfe 170
longifolium, Kränzl. 172
muscicolum, Dur. &

Sch.. =- : 158
pedunculatum, Rolfe 175
productum, Kränzl. 174
radicosum, Dur. &

Sob: -na = o 9
rutilum, Dur. & Sch. 173
Schumanni, Rolfe. 173
Tridens, Rolfe . . 174
verrucosum, Rolfe . 171

Walleri, Rolfe , 272
xanthopollinium,
Dur. & Sch, -~ 178
Neobenthamia . . . 102
gracilis, Rolfe . . 103
Neme = 2... 405
lucida, Herb. . 406
undulata, Herb. . 406
Notiophrys `
glandulosa, Lindl. . 185
Notosceptrum < > 454
andongense, Bth. . 454
angolense, Bth.. . 454

benguellense, Bth, . 454

Oberna os e> N
brevifolia, Lindl, 17
OrcHIDEZ >. SE
Orchis
filicornis, Thonn, . 217

592

Page | Page
ichneumonea, Sw. . 240 | lefebureanus, A. Rich. 199
procera, Afz. 220 | . petitianus, A. Rich. 199
Orestias - . 18,578 | Preussii, Rolfe . . 199
elegans, Ridl. . 19| quartinianus, A. Rich. 198
Ornithogalum 544| squamatus, Hochst. 196
altissimum, Linu. . 539 Steudneri, Rolfe . 200
amboense, Schinz . 547 tridentatus, Hk. f. . 193
benguellense, Baker 547 unifolius, Hochst. . 197
caudatum, Ait. . . 545 volkensianus, Rolfe 198
cepæfolium, Baker. 546 | Phaius . . . . 45
cernuum, Baker . 547 Mannii, Rchb. J- 45
Eckloni, Schlecht. . 546 | Phalangium
gambosanum, Baker 547 | abyssinicum, Kth. . 501
giganteum, Jacq. . 539 humile, Schweinf. . 489
Kirkii, Baker 530 | ornithogaloides,
longibracteatum, | Schweinf. . . 508
Jacq. . . . . 545 | Phryninm ; < eral
Melleri, Baker. . 533| adenocarpum, Baker 324
pulchrum, Schinz . 545 | Benthami, Baker . 323
sordidum, Baker . 546 | bisubulatum, Baker 325
spirale, Schinz . . 547 | brachystachyum,
tapffii, Schinz . . 546 Koern. . . 322
Ornithoglossum . 561 | coriscense, Baker . 322
glaucum, Salisb. . 561| Daniellii, Benn. `. 321
var. grandiflorum, | filipes, Bth. 316
Baker - DÉI ` Hensii, Baker < 323
Orthochilus holostachyum, Baker 322
abyssinicus, Hochst. 62 | inæquilaterum, Baker 325
Mechowii, Rchb. f£.. 63 | leiogonium, Baker . 324
renschianus, Rchb. f. 62 macrophyllum, Baker 323
Welwitschii, Rchb. f. 61 macrostachyum, Bth. 323
Ottelia rag ate 6 monophyllum, Baker 324
alismoides, Pers. . 6 oxycarpum, Baker . 324
lancifolia, A. Rich.. 7 prionogonium, Baker 325
plantaginea, Welw.. 7 ramosissimum, Bth. 326
scabra, Baker . 8 sulphureum, Baker . 326
vesiculata, Ridl. 7 textile, Ridi.. . . 327
Ovieda velutinum, Baker . 323
erythrantha, EL . 351 villosum, Bth. . 825
Phyllodes . 321
Pachystoma adenocarpum,
thomsonianum, Schum. . , 324
Rchb. f. . . 44 baccatum, Schum. . 325
Pancratium oe e 406 bisubulatum, Schum; 325
Chapmannii, Harv. 407 leiogonium, Schum. 324
maximum, Forsk. . 407 macrophyllum,
tenuifolium, Hochst. 407 Schum. , 823
tortifolium, Boiss. . 407 macrostachyum,
tortuosum, Herb. . 406 Schein. 2 äere $28
trianthum, Herb. . 407 monophyllum, Schum. 324 `
Paphiopedilum. oxycarpum, Schum, 324
epidendricum, Pfitz. 68 prionogonium,
Penthea, ` Schum. . - 825
Pumilio, Lindl.. . 203 villosum, Schum. . 325
Peristylus ` é - 198 | Platanthera . <: + 208
arachnoideus, arachnoidea, Engl. . 192
A. Rich. Se 192 Buchananii, Schl. . 570
hispidulus | engleriana, Rolfe . 204
var. minor, Rend. 201| helleborina, Rolfe . 204

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES

Platycoryne .

Platylepis . . .

Polystachya i

E Page
lefeburiana, Engl. . 200
petitiana, Kränzl. . 199
Preussii, Kränzl. . 199
quartiniana, Engl. . 198
tenuior, Rolfe . 205
tricruris, A. Rich, . 223
tridentata, Engl. . 193
uncata, Rolfe . 205
volkensiana, Kränzl. 199
2209
. 256

. 257, 572
. 257.
. 258
. 256
. 258
. 258
. 257
. 256
. 184

aurea, Rolfe ~
buchananiana,
Rolfe. .

crocea, Rolfe. .
Guingangæ, Rolfe
paludosa, Rolfe .
poggeana, Rolfe

Protearum, Rolfe
tenuicaulis, Rolfe
Wilfordii, Rolfe .

angolensis, Dur.
Sch 185

glandulosa, Rchb. f. 184
Podandria < . 205
macrandra, Rolfe . 206
Podanthera
pallida, Wight . . 188
Pogonia SE
Buchanani, Rolfe . 187
Kotschyi, Rchb. f. . 187
shirensis, Rolfe . . 18%
simplex, Rchb. f£. . 187
Thouarsii, Bl. . . 187
umbrosa, Rchb. f. . 186

viridiflava, Rchb. f. 186
viridiflora, Dur. &
Sch. . . 187
- . 103
Adansoniz, Rehb. f. 121
affinis, Lindl. . 126
affinis, Lindl. . 108
albescens, Aidl . ALL
alboviolacea, Kränzl. 120
alpina, Lindl. . 128
angularis, Rchb. f. . 122
Beccarii, Rchb. f. . 122
bennettiana, Rchb.f. 116
bifida, Lindl. . . 108

bracteosa, Lind}. `, 126
Buchanani, Rolfe . 115
bulbophylloides,

Rolfe 3 . . . 181
caduca, Rehb. f. . 122
cæspitifica, Kränzl. 126
caloglossa, Rchb. f. 128
capensis, Kränzl. . 123
carnea, Brongn. . 109
confusa, Rolfe . 123

-INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

: Page
coriscensis, Ftchb. f. 120
cucullata, Dur.&Sch. 127
cultrata, Lindl.. . 109
cultriformis,Spreng. 110
dendrobiiflora, Rchb.f.111
disticha, Rolfe . . 128
dixantha, Rchb. f. . 126
Dusenii, Kränzl. . 119
elastica, Lindl. 129, 578

elegans, Rchb. f. . 119
elegans, Ridl. . 119
Elliotii, Rend. = 130
ensifolia, Lindl. . 108
expansa, Ridl. , 122
farinosa, Kränzl. . 108
fusiformis, Lindl. . 129
galeata, Rehb: i . 127

galericulata, Rchb.f. 111
golungensis, Rchb.f. 118
grandiflora, Lindl.

127, 578
gracilenta, Kränzl. 110
Holstii, Kranzl.. . 125
Hypocrita, Rchb. f. 114
imbricata, Rolfe . 112
Johnstoni, Rolfe . 124
kilimandjari, Dur.

& Scho. : - E
kilimandschari,
Kranz. = 125

kilimanjari, Rchb. f. 125
Kirkii, Rolfe . 125
Krenzlinii, Rolfe. 112
lawrenceana, Krdnzl. 124
laxiflora, Lindl.. . 110
leonensis, Rchb. f. . 107
macrantha, Lindl. . 127
Mannii, Rolfe . . 117
micropetala, Rolfe . 131
minima, Rend. . . 121
modesta, Rchb. f. . 116
nigrescens, Rend. . 111
nitidula, Rchb. f. . 118
odorata, Lindl, . . 113
pachyglossa, Rchb. f. 123
aniculata, Rolfe . 113
olychæte, ier? 120
lyglossa, Dur.
Ee Sey Ik
Preussii, Krdnzl. . 128
puberula, Lindl. . 114
pyramidalis, Lindl. 109
ramulosa, Lindl. . 118
reflexa, Lindl. . . 127
Rendlei, Se? os 112
rhodoptera, Rchb. f. 109
rhodopterya, Rchb.f. 109
Ridleyi, Rolfe Sen bt,
Rive, Schweinf. . 113

VOL. VII.

: Page
rufinula, Rchb. f. . 115
ruwenzoriensis, Rend.130
setifera, Lindl. . . 120
Shega, Krénzl.. . 121
shirensis, Kränzl. . 112
shirensis, ohh, f. . 116
simplex, Rend. . . 123
spatella, Krdnzl. . 130
stauroglossa, Kränzl. 117
Steudneri, Rchb. f. . 117
Stuhlmanni, Kränzl. 117
sulfurea, Brongn. . 109
superposita, chb. f. 129
tayloriana, Rend. 69
tenuissima, Kränzl. 110
tessellata, Lindl. . 114
villosa, Rolfe . . 125
zambesiaca, Rolfe . 124
zanguebarica, Rolfe 115

Pseudogaltonia . . 523
Pechuelii, Kuntze . 524

Pteroglossaspis . 99
Carsoni, Rolfe . 100
engleriana, Kränzl. 99
eustachya, Rchb. f.. 99

rawenzoriensis, Rolfe 100
Pterygodium

biflorum, Hochst. . 289
Radinocion . . . .-133

flexuosum, Ridl. 139
Ramphidia

Mannit, Rchb. f. 184
Renealmia an oll

africana, Bth. 812

battenbergiana,

Cumm: a : : 313
cincinnata, Baker . 312
grandiflora, Baker . 313
Mann, Hk. f. . . 312

Ræperocharis . . . 250
alcicornis, Kränzl. . 252
bennettiana, Rchb. f. 250
occidentalis, Kränzl. 251
platyanthera, Rchb. f. 251
urbaniana, Kränzl. . 250

Romulea . . . 344
alpina, Rend. . 845
camerooniana, Baker 345
campanuloides,

Harms: . . 845
Fischeri, Pax . 345
Linaresti, Baker . 345
ramiflora, Ten. . . 345

Rudolphia ` `
isoétifolia, Steud. . 451

132

Saccolabium . . . .
abyssinicum, A. Rich. 69

593

Page

aphyllum, Lindl. . 150
arbeyæ, Kränzl. . 144
mombasense, Rolfe . 132
occidentale, Kränzl. 142
pachyglossum, Rolfe 132
radicosum, A. Rich. 149

Sandersonia

littonioides, Welw. . 566

Sansevieria . . . 332
angolensis, Welw. . 335
bracteata, Baker . 333
cylindrica, Bojer . 335
Ehrenbergii,

Schweinf. . . 834
fragrans, Jacq. . . 440
glauca, Haw. . 333

grandicuspis, Haw. 336
guineensis, Willd. . 333

Kirkii, Baker . 334
letevirens, Haw. . 333
longiflora, Sims . . 334
nilotica, Baker . . 332
polyphylla, Haw. . 333

Schimperi, Baker . 335
senegambica, Baker 332
sulcata, Bojer . . 335
thyrsiflora, Thunb. . 336

Volkensii, Giirke . 334
Satyrium ve 262
anomalum, Schl. . 573

bifolium, A. Rich. . 264

brachypetalum,

Kränzl. . 268, 269
brachypetalum,

A. Rich. . 272
breve, Rolfe . . 274

Buchanani, Rolfe

270, 574
Buchananii, Schl. . 572
Carsoni, Rolfe . . 265
cheirophorum, Rolfe 265
chlorocorys, chb. f. 268

coriophoroides,
A. Rich. . 269
var. sacculata,

Rend. 266
crassicaule, Rend. . 271
densum, Rolfe . 270
elongatum, Rolfe . 268

fischerianum, Kränzl. 573

goetzenianum,

Kran. =- bie
Ivantale, Rchb. f. . 272
Johnsoni, Rolfe. . 265
Kirkii, Holfe. . . 271
Krenzlinii, SA . 269
leucocomos, Rchb. f. 274
longibracteatum,

Rolfe , 275

2 Q

594 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Page Page Page

longissimum, Rolfe 267 oubanghiensis, Hua 550 cerulea, Ridl. . . 314
macrostachyum, pallidiflora, Engl. . 553 geniculata, Linn. . 314
Hochst. <<... 270 Petersii, Engl. . . 553 Welwitschii, Ridl. . 314
mechowianum, petitiana, A. Rich, . 540 | Thaumatococcus . . 320

wren... 4 269 platyphylla, Baker . 555 Danielli Bh. . ., 821
Mechowii, Rchb. f. 275 polyphylla, Baker . 551 | Trachyandra
minax, Rolfe . . 268 quartiniana,A.Rich, 542 Jacquinii, Kth.. . 491
mystacinum, Krénzl. 574 rickardiana, Buching.555 | Trachyphrynium . . 318
niloticum, Rend. . 271 rigidifolia, Kth.. . 549 braunianum, Baker 319
Nutt, Rolfe. . . 273 Schweinfurthii, Hngl. 552 danckelmannianum,
occultum, Rolfe. . 273 setifera, Baker . . 549 J. Br. æ Scho. 319
orbiculare, Rolfe . 266 simensis, Hochst. . 538 muricatum, Pierre . 320
paludosum, Rchb. f. 274 Simiarum, Baker . 552 poggeanum, Schum. 320
riparium, Rchb. f. . 267 somaliensis, Baker . 557 preussianum, Schum. 318
sacculatum, Rolfe . 266 spicata, Baker . . 550 spinulosum, Pierre . 320
Schimperi, Hochst.. 272 tayloriana, Rend. . 556 violaceum, Ridl. . 320
shirense, Rolfe . . 266 tetraphylla, Linn. f. 501 | Tribrachia. . . . 22
speciosum, Kolfe . 574| textilis, Rend. . . 558| pendula, Lindl.. . 31
trachypetalum, sie Hua > - - 554 | Tritonia . . . 356
iva, ere BA uyuiensis, Rend. . 555 aurea, Pappe . . 356
Volkensii, Schl. . 267 Volkensii, Engl. . 544 bongensis, Pax . . 357
Welwitschii, Rchb.f. 273 zambesiaca, Baker . 554 cinnabarina, Paz . 357
zombense, Rolfe . 273 | ScrraMInEm. . . . 293 laxifolia, Bth. . . 357
Schizobasis . . . . 469 | Serpicula mensensis, Schweinf. 356
angolensis, Baker . 470 verticillata, Roxb. . 2 Schimperi, Asch. &

Schizotheca Smilax S . 423 RIAL eee
Hemprichii, Solms. 10 aspera, Jinn. . . 424 OIETINGs Fagz a 354
Schnitzleinia kraussiana, Meisn.. 424 | Tulbagia . . . . 514
amwa, Steud. . . 409 morsoniana, Kth. . 424 zequinoctialis, Welw. 514
Seila ae mossambicensis, alliacea, Thunb. . 515
arenaria, Baker. . 550 Gáreke - ; . « 424 Brage, Engl. . . 515
benguellensis, Baker 551 | Sparaxis Cameroni, Baker . 515
Berthelotii, Webb . 550| pendula, Ker . . 350
Buchanani, Baker . 553 | Spherospora Udora.
camerooniana, Baker 554 | gigantea, Klatt. . 358 cordofana, Hochst. 4
var. maculata, Hua 554 | Spiranthes Urginea. . . 536 `

chlorantha, Baker . 555 abyssinica, Hochst. 196 acinacifolia, Schinz 542
congesta, Baker . 557 | Stenoglottis. . . . 189 altissima, Baker . 538
cordifolia, Baker . 555| calcarata, Rchb. f. . 211 angolensis, Baker . 541
Currori, Baker . . 474 zambesiaca, Rolfe . 190 Beccarii, Baker . 541
Dybowskii, Hua . 554 | Stenolirion . . . . 385 brachystachys, Baker 539
edulis, Engl. . . 551 Elliotii, Baker . . 385 Brage, Engl. . . 539

edulis, Hua . . . 554 | Stratiotes chlorantha, Welw. . 541
Fischeri, Engl. . . 553 alismoides, Linn. . 7 comosa, Welw. . . 541
flaccidula, Baker . 553 | Sturmia indica, Kth,. . . 540
gabunensis, Baker . 552 abyssinica, Rchb. f. 21 Johnstoni, Baker . 539
gracillima, Engl. . 558 mandalensis, Baker 536

Hildebrandtii, Baker 556 | Tacca. . . . . . 413 micrantha, Solms . 537
e deng Baker . 550| abyssinica, Hochst. 413 nigritana, Baker . 542
indica, Baker . . 551 involucrata, Sch. & Nyasw, Rend. .. . 537
Johnstoni, Baker . 556 ED Ges ee 418 pauciflora, Baker .. 539
Kirkii, Baker . . 558 pinnatifida, Forst. . 413 petitiana, Solms . 540
lanceæfolia, Raker . 557 | Taccaceæ . . . . 413 psilostachya, Welw. 537
laxiflora, Baker, . 552 | Taurostalia . . . 22 quartiniana, Solms .542

Ledieni, Engl. . . 557 Herminiostachys, sanguinea, Schinz . 538
lilacina, Baker . . 556 Bent. ea Sb senegalensis, Kth. . 540
mesta, Baker ~ . 552 | Thalassia. . ... 9 simensis, Schweinf. -538
micrantha, A. Rich. 537| Hemprichii, Ekrb.. 9| tayloriana, Rend. ., 541

modesta Baker, . 554| Thalia . $18 viridula, Baker. .. 538

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

S Page
zambesiaca, Baker. 540
Uropetalum
depressum, A. Rich, 521
Sesoghlense, Solms . 519
longifolium, Lindl. . 519
minimum, Steud. . 520
tacazzeanum, Hochst. 521
var. angustifolium,

Schweinf. . 518

Welwitschii, Baker . 520

Vallisneria

ethiopica, Fenzl . 5
spiralis, Linn. . . 5
Vanilla Re O
acuminata, Rolfe . 177
africana, Tandi., . 176
crenulata, Rolfe. . 178
cucullata, Kränzl. . 177
grandifolia, Lindl. . 179
imperialis, Kränzl. . 178
ovalifolia, Rolfe. . 178
ramosa, SC EU
Roscheri, Rehb. f. . 179
sp., Lindl. eo 1978
Vellozia cs 408
acuminata, Baker . 410

Page
zquatorialis, Rend, . 412
capillaris, Welw. . 411
equisetoides, Baker. 411
var. trichophylla,
Baker : — 4i
hereroensis, Baker . 411
Hildebrandtii, Baker 409
humilis, Baker . . 409
scabrida, Baker. . 410
Schnitzleinia, Baker 409
var. somaliensis,
Terrace... 410

Spekei, Baker . 412
splendens, Rend. . 412
squarrosa, Welw. . 410

stenophylla, Welw. . 410
tomentosa, Baker . 412

velutina, Welw.. . 412
Veltheimia

abyssinica, Red. . 450
Vieusseuxia

Schimperi, Hochst. 339
tridentata, Hochst. 339

Walleria . =- - J67
angolensis, Baker . 567

ERRATA.

595

Page
Mackenii, Kirk. . 567
nutans, Kirk . 568
Wurmbea è . 560
tenuis, Baker . 560
Xerophyta
capillaris, Baker . 411
diversifolium, Klatt 339
equisetoides, Baker 411

hnitzleinia, Baker 409
Spekei, Baker . 412
squarrosa, Baker . 410
stenophylla, Baker . 410

velutina, Baker. . 412
Xylobium
ongifolium, Lindl.. 68
Aeuxine: . - > - = 180
africana, chb. f. . 181
Batesii, Rolfe . 182
elongata, Rolfe . . 181
lepida, Bth. . . 183
tetraptera, Dur. &
Sch. . -< 181

Zostera
stipulacea, Forsk. . 10

Page 22, line 14, for 4 lin. long, 2 in. broad, read 4 in. long, 2 lin. broad.

” 31, Hi

29 257, 29

HI 324, HI
” H HI
u. 000; y
» 498, 5,
» 060, >;

1, dele Afr.
78, bottom line, for ong, read long.
246, line 29, for lin., read in.
5, Jor Freetowa, read Freetown.
19, for bidentate, read tridentate.
3 from bottom, for ong, read long.
8, for streaths, read sheaths.
7, for as, read
11, for oviod, read ovoid.

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