ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
XIV
SYSTEMATICS
OF
DRACONANTHES
LEPANTHES
SUBGENUS MARSIPANTHES
AND
SUBGENUS LEPANTHES
OF
ECUADOR
ADDENDA TO BRACHIONIDIUM, LEPANTHES subgen.
BRACHYCLADIUM, PLATYSTELE, PLEUROTHALLIS subgen.
AENIGMA and subgen. ANCIPITIA
(ORCHIDACEAE)
VG
Missouri Botanical Garden
s:
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
XIV
SYSTEMATICS
OF
DRACONANTHES
LEPANTHES
SUBGENUS MARSIPANTHES
AND
SUBGENUS LEPANTHES
OF
ECUADOR
ADDENDA TO BRACHIONIDIUM, LEPANTHES subgen.
BRACHYCLADIUM, PLATYSTELE, PLEUROTHALLIS subgen.
AENIGMA and subgen. ANCIPITIA
Carlyle A. Luer
Missouri Botanical Garden
MONOGRAPHS IN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
FROM THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
Volume 61
Published in December 1996 in an edition
of 500 copies
ISSN 0161-1542
ISBN 0-915279-42-8
Carlyle A. Luer
3222 Old Oak Drive
Sarasota, FL 34239
Series Epitor
Marshall R. Crosby
Epitor
Amy ead McPherson
Copmight() 1996 by Missouri Botaical Garden
Pine in th S.A, by Coal Ping. ne,
asota, Florida
Compone x 3222 Ol On Dive, Sars, Fri
with Wi
Typist niet eases cnet a
CONTENTS
Part One
Tr) } hutnnie es
-" 16
Part Two
Lepanthes subgenus Marsipanth 1-12
Part Three
Lepanthes subgenus Lepanthes of Ecuador 1-255
ee a em 1-9
List of species of genus Lepanthes attributed to Ecuador 10-12
Key to the species of subgenus Lepanthes of Ecuador. 13-27
The descriptions 28-184
The illustrations 185-251
References 252
Index of scientific names 253-255
Part Four
Addenda to previous publicati 1-8
Draconanthes bufonis: mer province of Loj
21 March 1984, photo by Alexander C.
a, above Jimbura, altitute 3150 meters,
Hirtz
SYSTEMATICS OF DRACONANTHES (ORCHIDACEAE)
A new a i i ) 4 di th Pl thallidi t d lated
1 lati ted soem in | Lepanthes
Sw. anperheanay? raconanthes Luer. As toate: is nena ‘defined. they cannot
be i — “Their aaa affinity seems to be wi Luer. A key to the
two specie:
New
Draconanthes (Luer) Luer, gen. nov.
, comb Qh
Draconanthes bufonis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb, nov.
The first species attributable to Draconanthes was an Ecuadorian collection by
Father Sodiro in 1873 and described as Lepanthes aberrans by Schlechter in 1915.
The epithet aberrans indicated the most unusual, morphological features of the
species being attributed to Lepanthes Sw. The species was described twice more: as
L. trachysepala by Schlechter from a Colombian collection by Lehmann with minor
differences, and as L. prionota by Luer from an Ecuadorian collection with an ex-
treme form of the callus on the undersurface of the lip. A second, distinctly differ-
ent, Ecuadorian species was added in 1987 as L. bufonis.
In Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae (Luer, 1986) the subgenus Draconanthes
was proposed in Lepanthes for the above species because significant differences
separated them from all other species attributed to Lepanthes. In common with
Lepanthes, Lepanthopsis (Cogn.) Ames, and Trichosalpinx Luer, the ramicauls are
largely concealed by a more or less imbricating series of lepanthiform sheaths.
Lepanthiform sheaths are tubular and longitudinally ribbed with oblique ostia that
are often dilated. Like the ribs, the thickened margins of the ostia are usually
scabrous or ciliate.
Draconanthes differs from Lepanthes, as well as from the other lepanthiform-
sheathed genera, by the combination of rigidly fleshy sepals; linear to oblong, non-
lobed, fleshy petals; and a thick lip, entire at the apex, with lobe-like sides surround-
ing a slender, terete, footless column that is attached to the base of the column by a
claw. The inflorescence of Draconanthes is racemose and successively flowered.
The dorsal sepal is free while the laterals are connate to some degree. The anther is
unhooded, apical and deciduous with a pair of pollinia, and the stigma is entire and
ventral.
The genus consists of one frequent species found at high altitudes through the
Andes from Venezuela into Bolivia, and one rare species known so far from only
one locality in southern Ecuador.
2 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Beemeticcons ie Luer, gen. nov.
BF From Sees ay draconanthos, * beraiio ” referring to the fancied appearance of the
Monogr Syst Bot. 15: 32, 1986.
nee oat TNS A ae ae Sear ial, coneclonaes Rami-
dobult 1 llv lo; ‘ leaf mkhStetn ti
cauls erect yD
tote amie fom the ape, eslond by ase ef bed, tubular, more or less imbricating sheaths,
dilated at th gins , the inflores-
ing laterally witt lus f; he apex, the abscission layer. Leaf erect, coriaceous,
ponte ego A lliptical notched with the si
the petiole. a a enn ane drooping,
ely fl
Is fl y, variously colored, more or
vermucose extemally, the heel gota cee 3-veined, the lateral
a a rigid, flesh: es cai at tho apex, with broadly
the disc f featureless, the pocethgya
hace the h
Selb, lessens, ice-tiacallons ax ve
—oneminas ventral; pollinia 2, obovoid, with a common
viscidium.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DRACONANTHES
1 Inflorescence longer than the leaf; peduncle decurved 180° below the raceme;
petals smooth, narrowly linear; lip with a callus on the und fi
SFOS SONOS CEPTS Slee eSEESeseEs SOR SEO SST TS OE HES SeEs
SSSA ES Coe 8 SEO D. aberr, Trans
I’ Inflorescence shorter than the leaf; peduncle y not dececied- petals verrucose,
oblong; lip without a callus on the undersurface bufonis
undersurface.......... SOC PO terse eeeeseessessee
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS OF DRACONANTHES
Draconanthes aberrans (Schitr.) Luer....... srovenvereeetoreennreststereeeesencosereereecees PAB, 1, 2,, 3,
Draconanthes bufonis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer.
i eae We POCO; OND O ERO PL eEEESesee sees Se eeee oveseereseens Fg, 4,
SYSTEMATICS OF DRACONANTHES 3
——— aberrans (Schitr.) Luer, comb. nov. Fig. 1., 2., 3.
nthes aberrans Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov - Regni Veg. 14: 125, 1915.
ee From the Latin aberrans, “‘aberrant,” g f the fl
Syn.: Lepanthes trachysepala Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 100, 1920.
aah From the Greek trachysepalos, ough sepals,” referring to the verrucose sepals.
yn.: Lepanthes prionota Luer & Hirtz, eae 2: 102, 1987.
oe From the Greek prionotos, “jagged,” the undersurf: f the lip
Plan Rami
— erect, 3-10 cm long, camcan vane enclosed by 4-1 ciliate, ‘opealitiocm sheaths. Leaf
ct, coriaceous, elliptical, acute, 2.5-6 cm long, 0.8-1.5 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-5
mm Jon; ong. Inflorescence ac reagan distichous, a flexuous, ca 3 fow- to to many red,
to 8 y; rect peduncle 2-15
cm long, abruptly y decurved ca. ra ° ta th floral b h rtly spiculate, infundibular, ad
mm long; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary verrucose, d d
orange to pure yellow; sepals shy vermucose axiom f the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, e, acute, 79
mm long, 3.5-4.5 mm wide, 3-veined gular,
fleshy, subcarinate, acute, diverging, 7-10 mm long, 1.5-2. 5 mm wide, 1-veined, connat 2 1-25 5 mm;
petals narr mney linear, acute, 68mm min long, 0.4 mm wide; lip thick, rigid, fleshy, verrucose, ovoid, with
broad, , 44.5 lon
erect sides mm lon 2g, 2 mm
wide mnoxpendod, the apex rounded, the base ce connate to the column above the faa, the
inferior surface of the lip above the base with a transverse, variably verrucose-dentate-fringed, descend-
ing callus 1-5 mm long; column slender, 4-5.5 mm long, the anther and rostellum apical, the stigma
ventral.
ECUADOR: Prov. of Pichincha: western slopes of
Mt. Pichincha near Lloa, July 1873, A. Sodiro 21
iat’ in paramo, alt. 3720 m , 17 Nov 1988,
LJ. Dorr & L.C. Barnett 6169 (NY). Prov. of Loja:
Hoijer & J. Kuijt 9635 (MO, type o _ re ‘pr ron
of Yan,
na, alt. 3200 m, 22 "March 1985, CG; ei " mg
Hirtz = = rhe a 10780 (MO); east of Nudo des
Cajan' to Lagunas de Compadre, paramo,
al 3100-3200 se a Oligaard: 90343 (AAU). Prov.
alt. 3200 m, 10 Apr. 1968, G. Harling, G. Storm & B.
Strom 8182 aad Prov. of — erro Sumaco,
terrestrial in in paramo, alt. 3700-3800 m, 29
pee 1979, - 9 Ljinan &U. Melos 12960 (AAU, GB).
do. Tachira: lithophytic in bed of
bn la poi a headwaters of Rio oe
alt. ca. 2400 m, Jan. 1968, G.C_K. Dunsterville I
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cauca: terrestrial on embankments about the lake, Paramo de Guanacas, alt.
3500-4000 m, F. C. Lehmann 6910 (type of L. trachysepala destroyed at B). Dept. of Narifio:
lo above Pasto, alt. 3300 m, 20 Feb. 1881, F.C. re 350 (W); between Pasto and Mocoa, alt.
10,500 ft., 1 Nov. pe F.C. Lehmann s.n. (K); scrub fore in paramo between La Cocha and Putu-
mayo, alt. 3000 m. Jan. 1987, C. mean —= Escobar etl ae (Lectotype here: desi
MO). t d Tocha, alt. 3300 m, 10
on 1993, CL Luer, J. Luer, R. taser oan A. DeWilde 16752 (MO).
PERU: Dept. of Cuzco: Urubamba, near Wenner Gren ruins, alt. 3400-3600 m, 5-6 Aug. 1942, R. D.
Metcalf 30769 (AMES, UC).
of C : Chapare, terrestrial on wet embankment, Balconcillo, alt. 3260 m, 13
Jan. 1981, c Luer, J. Luer & R. Vasquez 5629 (SEL).
4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This species occurs relatively commonly at high altitudes from western Vene-
zuela to central Bolivia. It often grows terrestrially on wet embankments or seepage
slopes. It is characterized by the clumped ramicauls and elliptical leaves usually
surpassed by an erect peduncle. The peduncle arches abruptly 180° just before the
raceme so that the rachis points downward. The raceme is congested, distichous
and slightly flexuous with the flowers resupinate. The sepals are variously verru-
cose externally and the petals are narrowly linear. The sides of the thick lip em-
brace the slender column. A variable callus is present on the undersurface of the
lip. Itis found in all shapes and sizes, no two flowers being the same. Sometimes it
presents a tooth-like processes, but at other times it is flabellate and fringed. A
form with a markedly developed, jagged, three-segmented process was described as
Lepanthes prionota, but all degrees of formation have been found to exist through-
out the wide distribution.
Draconanthes bufonis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, —_ ae Fig. 3.
Ety.: seaports creemnatea ean ta
to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to
tril 10cm ang, enh y 4-7 pubescent, lepanthiform sheaths dilated ostia. Leaf erect
in relation to coriaceous, purple beneath, narrowly elliptical, acute, 25-4. ous, 0.5-0.7
cm wide, the bas cincalsntos pets 24mm long Inflorescence
p ig g E 0.5 cm lon
ssi ofte F imultane ly; floral t 2mm 1 pet 5 mm ong: ovary showy spice
the do 1 ffused with purple centrally, shortly
cent-spiculate extemally, 0 ovate, concave, acute, te. 7m log 4.5 mm wide, free from the lateral re
acute, conduplicate with the
crest of the fold markedly erose, 8 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 1- 1-veined, ecniiate 2.5 wen: petals yellow-
fleshy, verrucose, linear, decurved, acute, 5 mm long, 0.75 mm wide; lip orange with red striae,
fleshy, verrucose, broadly bilobed, cannot be expanded without fracturing, 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide
weexpended, the apex truncate, th the sides, or lateral lobes, thick, erect, broadly ding the
rounded, surroun:
8 5 ideaiideales 5 anther
and sestalion apical, tee digina vocnet Atma ae niet
ECUADOR: Prov. of Loja: in cold, cloud
forest shove India SEG VK ee 984, C
Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. omy (Holo-
~ Pyle ce: alt, 2600 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C.
Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11993
This species is apparently rare and
endemic in a small area of high altitude
near the Peruvian border. It is related to
the frequent and widely distributed D.
aberrans, but i it is distinguished by the
smaller habit with short, Straight racemes.
Although all three sepals are verrucose
externally, the lateral sepals are tall-car-
inate with the carinae markedly erose.
The petals are perme decurved and
verrucose. The lip is similar to that of D.
aberrans with thick, rounded, verrucose
sides that surround the column, but no
callus is present on the undersurface.
—
oe
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR a
Fig. 3. Dragonanthes aberrans Fig. 4. Dragonanthes bufonis
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
REFERENCE
Luer, C. A., 1986. Icones Pleurothallidinarum I. Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. Syst.
Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15:32.
INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Draconanthes
1,2
Draconanthes 1,2, 3, 4,5 (Fig. 1.,2., 3.)
bufonis 1, 2,4, 5 (Fig. 4.)
Note: To facilitate removal and and binding elsewhere, should this be
desired, the pages of Systematics
Draconanthes are are numbered 1 eed separa from the numbering of Systematics of po sl
eo
SYSTEMATICS OF LEPANTHES SUBGENUS MARSIPANTHES
ABSTRACT
Lepanthes Sw. subgen. Marsipanthes Luer is described and a key to the spe-
cies is given. Each species is described and illustrated with a black and white
This subgenus was proposed (Luer, 1986) to accommodate three unusual species
of Lepanthes with saccate flowers that differed significantly from all the other
species of the genus. The three also differed significantly from each other, so each
was placed in a monotypic section. Sections Caprimulginae and Marsipanthes
remain monotypic, but four additional species are now included in section Felinae.
Reichenbach described the first species included in this subgeneric taxon in
1886 from a Colombian collection by Lehmann as Lepanthes carunculigera. At the
time the subgenus was proposed, this species had not yet been re-discovered, so the
details of the flower were obscure. Lepanthes carunculigera as well as three recent-
ly discovered species are related to L. felis of section Felinae.
The subgenus is distinguished by lepanthiform-sheathed ramicauls that do not
differ from those of the majority of species of Lepanthes. The leaf is elliptical and
erect in relation to the ramicaul, but often held horizontally. The peduncle lies on
top of the leaf bearing the successively flowered raceme near the tip or beyond.
The sepals are variously connate.
The petals are thick and fleshy, contrasting markedly from the majority of the
membranous, transversely lobed petals typical of subgenus Lepanthes. Neverthe-
less, the petals of Marsipanthes are also transversely bilobed, but it is the upper lobe
that distorts the appearance by sometimes being greatly thickened.
The lip is entire or bilobed suggesting the lip that was used to segregate section
Haplocheilus. The latter section is no longer tenable because all degrees of forms
exist between an entire lip and the complicated lip with laminated lobes and an
appendix. The column is terete and footless with an apical anther and rostellum and
with the stigma either apical or ventral as in subgenus Lepanthes..
Monotypic section Marsipanthes, typified by L. ribes, is characterized by a large
flower with an inflated sepaline tube; petals with the upper lobe erect and elongate
and with the lower lobe vestigial; and a transversely bilobed lip with an apiculate
midlobe or “appendix.”” The anther is apical and the stigma is ventral
Monotypic section Caprimulginae, typified by L. caprimulgus, shares in
common the large flower with an inflated sepaline tube, but the petals are short and
transverse with more or less equal lobes, and the lip is extremely small and bilobed,
also with an apiculum. The anther and stigma are apical.
Section Felinae is characterized by a gaping flower more similar to those of
subgenus Lepanthes, but with the upper lobe of the petals erect, thick, and variously
modified. Similar to those petals of L. ribes (sect. Marsipanthes), the lower lobe is
vestigial. The lips are transversely bilobed. As in subgenus Lepanthes, the anther
is apical and the stigma is either apical or ventral.
2 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes subgen. Marsipanthes Luer, ae Syst. Bot. 15: 34, 1986.
Ety.: From the Greek marsipos, “a pouch,” and anthos, “‘a flower,” in allusion to the pouchlike
sepaline
Type: Lepanthes ribes Luer, Selbyana 3: 14, 1976.
Plants pereasial, small to medium i in size, epiphytic, yaecenae foots slender. Ramicauls unifo-
liate, erect, sube:
> s more or less imbricating,
ribbed sheaths with oblique, dilated ostia, scab the thick i ribs. Leaf
se rao vada near gen or dak geen , sometimes suffused with purple, ellipti-
cal, subacute to btuse, shallow] , the base contracted into a short
Inflorescence a congested, successively few-flowered raceme, bome near or beyond the tip of
the leaf bya slender peduncle, from rom an annulus near bei shoes of the ramicaul, with the flowers resu-
ooth to serrulate or spiculate, trivalvate; sepals
conspicuous, membranous, packers colored, smooth, glabrous, with margins smooth to ciliate,
variously eo agers variously s
transversely ovate to elongate, forked or clavate; ip small, exit ilbed wit embracing the
pe to hg nth tae connate to the base
the column; column terete, short, anther, rostellum and the stigma apical, the anther cap decidu-
ous, 2-celled, the pollinia 2, 2, clavate-pyriform, attach ed toa detachable viscidium. sii
.. subgen. Marsipanthes sect. Caprimulginae Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot.
Type: Lepenies caprimulgus Luer.
This mon +
i ized by a successively flowered raceme of
large, in inflated aaa borne | “iy the le leaf by a slender, arching peduncle. The
petals are — , Short i transversely ovate. The lip is minute and broadly bi-
— Subgen. Marsipanthes sect. Felinae Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. 15: 34,
Type: Lepanthes felis Luer & Escobar.
This Pat Section is characterized bya successively flowered raceme of
showy flow borne on top of the leaf nese” t beyond the apex by a slender apex.
The petals are erect, thick and fleshy sO
> Sometimes forked. The bilobed the
/obes surrounding the column as often seen in subgemss 1 tobe with
¢panthes subgen. Marsipanthes sect. Marsipanthes
Type: Lepanthes ribes Rchbé., Flora 69: 556, 1886,
monotypic terized by a
i y a successively flowered f
large, inflated flowers bome beyond the leaf by aslender, tgs anaypg
Peials are erect and elongated, and the lip is bilobed
SS
SYSTEMATICS OF MARSIPANTHES 3
KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES
OF SUBGENUS MARSIPANTHES
1 Sepals deeply connate into an inflated flower borne far beyond the leaf by Qe
elongated, arching peduncle
1’ Sepals variously connate, not into an inflated flower borne far beyond the leaf iy
an elongated, arching peduncle
Sect. Marsipanthes
2 Petals narrowly elongate L. ribes
Sect. Caprimulginae
2’ Petals short, transverse L. caprimulgus
Sect. Felinae
3 Petals oblong, neither forked nor clavate o
3’ Petals forked or clavate 5
4 Lip with lobes broad, obtuse L. felis
4’ Lip with lobes narrow, truncate L. equicalceolata
5 Petals forked 6
5’ Petals clavate L. lucifer
6 Petals forked above the middle with the inner prong broad and verrucose
L. carunculigera
6’ Petals forked from near the base L. quadricornis
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND
SPECIES REFERABLE TO SUBGENUS MARSIPANTHES
Lepanthes caprimulgas Luer Fig. 1.
Lepanthes Rchb.f Fig. 2.
Lepanthes equicalceolata Luer & Escobar Fig. 3
Lepanthes felis Luer & Escobar. Fig. 4., Fig. 5.
Lepanthes lucifer Luer & Hirtz Fig. 6.
Lepanthes quadricornis Luer & Escobar Fig. 7
4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes caprimulgus Luer, ‘Selbyana, 3 a4; 1976.
birds of the night-hawk genus Caprimulgus.
inet neantt en veal , epiphytic itose; roots slend Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-8 cm long,
8 brous, lepanthif h Leaf coriaceous, ellipti-
sabecut, 20°30 mm 10-14 mm wide, re ies ale 23 mee mm long.
cl el ing. 7 cm long Selakyslena tied picaaene 1,5-2.5 cm
mm long;
Sa sos are Sie ade : ping 4 ng; f [ “4 ng
pedicels 2mm ovary ingested, 34m og sepals ite, striped in red-purple, minutely
Py dorsal sepal oblong RN 3 a apex, 15- 17
mm long, 10 mm wide mexpended, Sciod,
tiled eesine 13.1 spain ith the free fi 3m a
bifid lamina, 13- Slang 510m vide exude, veined, wil apices ree for ach, e-
triangular, acute, yellow, minute, transv with rounded glabrous,
pe ag sara a 1.2 mm wide; lip yellow-green, minute, glabrous, broadly ovoid, 0.5 mm long, 0.5 mm
ah. i ry Fil 1. 1 ws toll. ea ai. 1
ciraieei nite g ap
PERU: gi of Huanuco: epiphytic in forest bet-
ween Tingo Maria and Pucallpa, alt. 1700 m, March
1975, flowered in cultivation, Janet 7 Fred
Fuchs et al., s.n. (Holotype: SEL), C. Lu ;
a same collection, flowered in cultivati ey &L
Orchids, Easton, CT, 25 Apr. 1987, C. ie 12812
OO)
This unique species is apparently rare
and endemic in a forest in northeastern
Peru where it was found i by J janet Kuhn.
niante n descend
from the original collection. “Although
vegetatively it does not seem distinct from
numerous other species of the genus, the
large, pendent, saccate, purple-striped
flower is easily recognized. The dorsal
sepal is connate two-thirds its length to the
lateral sepals to permit an opening on the
side of the convex apex with the acute,
deflexed apices of the lateral sepals below
the aperture. Deep within the tube the
minute, seemingly i inconsequential petals
Fig. 1.
will or chuck-will’s-widow,
and lip surround the base of the much
larger column,
SYSTEMATICS OF MARSIPANTHES 5
ig a Rchb.f. Flora 69: 557, 1886. Fig. 2.
the Latin carunculiger, *“*caruncle-bearing,’’ no doubt referring to the verrucose upper
sper the petals.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, slender, 1.5-2.5 cm
ong, enclosed by 6-8 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf — to spreading, coriaceous, suf-
fused Pp elliptical-ovate, subacute to obtuse, 15-21 mm long, 10-
14mm oe pear a secund, succes-
sively 2 to 3-flowered 1 raceme, borne near the of the 0 rsd a slender peduncle 12-17 mm long rest-
1 e, 1. ong; — 2 mm long; ovary echinate
crested, 2-3 mm long; sepals ae with a a transverse, ape te band across the middle third,
renee abrous
concave, > rous, with minutely y ovate, 10
mm long, 8 mm wide expanded, 5-veined, connate to the lateral pal for for 4 = to sggone a soni ——
line cup, the apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, the lateral sepals ovate w the
middle, 10 mm long, 4 mm wide, anes aces olive green, slabrous, thick, erect, oat, single lobed
— mm * 2 mm wide, bli quely carinate i
e, shortly th t t bli icul tp olive green,
sabre, ‘ovate, c, deeply cordate, Z mm long, the basal lobes rounded, flanking the column, the apex
, Shor of the column; column 1.5 mm
dis ais a |
YCULIai.
“em th
2
“Nw
COLOMBIA: Without eon C. Lehmann 3213
(Holotype: W). Dept. of ida: Munic. of Pueblo Z
ian La Linea, alt. ca. “ae collected caer
Valencia, 16 Feb. 1985, flowered in cultiva'
Colomborquideas, 6 Apr. 1988, C. Luer 13017 | (MO):
same area, alt. 2100 m, 11 May 199 ’ i.
Luer, R. Escobar & J. Gémez 16786 (MO).
This species was first collected by
Lehmann, but, unusual with his collec-
tions, no data accompany the two speci-
mens mounted on a single sheet in the
Reichenbach herbarium at W.
second sheet, also devoid of collection
information save for Lehmann’s name
number, Reichenbach’s very serviceable
sketch is mounted.
Lepanthes carunculigera has been re-
discovered after the lapse of a century.
pparently it is endemic in a small area
the Western Cordillera of central Colom-
bia. The plant is small with a proportion-
ately large, gaping flower borne past the
tip of the leaf with the peduncle lying on top. The most distinctive petals are erect
and thick with the upper lobe incised with a small, erect, lateral lobule. The greater
part of the lobe is verrucose. The lip is hippocrepiform with the basal lobes flank-
ing the column.
6 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes equicalceolata Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 19: 24, 1993. Fig. 3.
Ety.: From the Latin equi calceolatus, “with a little horse shoe,” referring to the lip.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-5 cm long, enclosed by
748 sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, subacute, 17-23 mm
long, 10-11 mm wide, cuneate below into a petiole less than 1 mm long. Inflorescence a subdense,
ry ee 10 3
peduncle 12- 1 Jon, floral bracts lightly muricate, 1.5 mm long; pedicels 5-6 mm long; ovary
suekteniin oem ith large, irregular, brown spots below the middle, concave, car-
inate, glabrous, with minutely ciliate margins, the dorsal sepal transversely ovate, 8 mm long, 11 mm
* 5 * j eh. 2 1 1. £. <4 . £ 1 +h.
r r © La
aaa 13 } ga P he ily ovate, oblique, 6mm long, 5
<= " be 4 1 re es ee WwW
glabrous, the spices truncate, minutely apiculate at the base, connate to the base of the column; column
1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal and the stigma apical.
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Chocé: Munic. of San José
del Palmar, Alto Galapagos, alt. 2000 m, collected by
E. Valencia, Sept. 1990, R. Escobar 4059 (Holotype:
MO), C. Luer illustr. 14920; same 2050 m,
13 May 1993, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar, A. De
Wi 6800 (MO).
ilde & J.Gémez |
This species, known only from one
locality in the Western Cordillera, is
Similar to L. felis, but it is easily distin-
guished by the congested, long-pedicellate
the leaf, the spiculate Ovary, and the horse
shoe-shaped lip. The dorsal sepal is
concave and broadly ovate with a short,
erect tail. The lateral sepals are deeply
connate to the dorsal sepal but the i
Cup so formed is not deep as in L. felis
with the column and lip within a cavity,
The petals are erect, carinate and oblong,
only half as long as the petals of L. felis.
a
minute apiculum is present at the
The limbs of the lip are truncate, and
apex,
Hees Waa
oan ve |) la
=
.
i a a ad
SYSTEMATICS OF MARSIPANTHES 7
— felis Luer & Escobar, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. a 1264, 1983. Figs. 4., 5.
Ety.: From the Latin felis, “a cat,” for the fancied illusion of the flowe:
Plant small, epiphytic, rag roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, ic gg 1. 5-4.5 cm
long, — by 3-8 minutely cili ai, kenninitoen sheaths. Leaf suberect to spreading, coriaceous,
th purple beneath, elliptical, subacute, 18-20 mm long, 10-14 mm wide, the base aad into
a petiole 23 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, successively several-flowered raceme up to 5
A orm peduncle 15 1. 5 mm nef —,
2 mm long; ovary muricate-crested, 2-3.5 mm long; sepals y yellow, ffused ed-purple,
minutely rp the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, concave, 13 mm long, 10 mm wide a
ed, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals fo: i pe sepaline cup, the apex obtuse with a
— slender tail-like apiculum 1.5 mm long, the ¢ lateral sepals ovate Ppp ii ce ind ga oer
ove re fold; petals emerald green, erect, fleshy, narrowly pon obtuse, sulcate, 4 mm ‘ha : ee
de, with a minute tooth at the mee > Mp dull ull green, glabrous, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 2
mm wi expanded, the obes ovate, g -
to minutel ; te to the coh bove the b ; column L5 set lenge, th thos anther
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Antioquia: Frontino, Alto de
Cuevas, alt. 2050 - 14 May 1983, R. Escobar & E.
Valencia 2605 (Holotype: SEL); same area, 12 Apr.
1974, R. Escobar a al. 764 (JAUM); same area, 4
. Luer, J r, 7
m, Dec. 1974, R. Escobar & O. Monsalve s.n.
pager Urrao, ny — acional ‘‘Las Orquideas,””
120 m, 25 F np A. Cogollo, D. Cardenas
: o Alvarez 4215 ‘AUM , MO); same collection,
flowered in cultivation at Colom uideas, 2 Jan.
hae R. Escobar 5187 (MO); north of the pass
een Urrao an So o, alt. 2500 m, 30
any 1995, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar et al. 17696
(MO); ‘‘Medellin,’’ G. (om idtchen s.n. (W);
“Medellin,” Patin s.n. (W). Dept. of Chocé: San
ar, Ce
Aug. 1988, A. Silverston. e-Sopkin - al. 4903 ane,
Dept. of Valle del Cauca: El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés,
Serrania de los Paraguas, alt. 2260 m, 5 Jan. 1987, A.
Silverstone-Sopkin et al. 2949 (CUVC, MO).
This species is beautifully illustrated with a watercolor painting in the Reichen-
bach herbarium at W attributed to Schmidtchen who collected in the vicinity of
Medellin around 1880. Also present are two specimens attributed to Patin who
lived in Medellin and dealt in orchids. It is strange that nothing was gg with
these collections. Certainly they were seen by both Kranzlin and Schlechte
In this century the species was re-discovered by Rodrigo Escobar ie compan-
ions in 1974. Plants soon were disseminated among enthusiasts of Lepanthes and
became affectionately known as “‘the cat’’ because of the two green eyes that peer
m the interior of the flower.
Lepanthes felis i is endemic i in the Western Cordillera of Colombia where it is
but ibuted. The size of the plants and flowers varies consid-
erably. Vegetatively L. felis is not remarkably different from many species of the
genus. The large flower is borne near or beyond the tip of the leaf. The concave
oe oie sepaline cup from which the tips of the oblong, green
petals are vis
8 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM ~
Lepanthes lucifer Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. sie ze. 1987. Fig. 6.
in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls more or less horizontal,
sender, 2°55 eon, acoso by 44 gat pically - Leaf
thinly cori
Pa wy pens a eh s+, a RP
ond bonds, elliptical, ctnosn ty ssbecta, Pies ch en oie the broadly cuneate base
contracted into a petiole ca. 2 mm long. escence a congested, successively several-flowered
raceme up to 10 mm long, bome on top of the leaf by a filiform ‘orm peduncle 15-21 mm long; floral bracts 1-
1.5 2; p ig; Ovary costate, 2.5-3 mm long; sepals red, carinate, glabrous, the
dorsal broadly ovate, concave, obtuse, acuminate, 9 mm long, 8 mm wide, connate to the
lateral sepals for 4 mm, to form are emesis i ae NRE the lateral
ovate, oblique, acute. acute, 8 mm long, 4.5 mm wi te, the lateral
margins minutely ciliate, in Co mm; petals w! white, the upper lobe erect,
oblong-sigmoid, 4 mm long, | mm wide, the apex black, obliquely clavate-ovoid, the lower lobe a
minute, angle; lip dull white, glabrous, bilobed or deeply cordate, 1.2 mm long, 1.8 mm wide
expanded, the lob i ing the col , each lobe with a thin,
i lamina on the rf f. » th ‘7 h tly i i d ith i pi u s t di 2
from below, connate to the column above the base; col stout, larger than the lip, 1.5 mm long, the
anther and stigma apical.
ECUADOR: Imbabura: a, ite in cloud forest
south ita bet anta Rosa and i, alt.
1250 m, 19 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H. Dod
son, A. Hirtz, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12432
(Holotype: MO; : RPSC); between
and Santa Rosa, old trail to Rio Verde, alt. 1200-1500
m, 30 Dec. 1990, C. Dodson, T. Neudecker & H.
8638 (MO).
Volles 1863.
This species is apparently endemic in a
wet forest on the western slopes of north-
western Ecuador where it was first found
by Alexander Hirtz. His photograph
graced the cover of the October 1987
Orchid Society Bulletin.
Lepanthes lucifer is characterized by
the gaping, red flow owers bome on top of the
leaf. Two black, re petals stand
erect within the flow
ete: Pome eee east & Escobar, Onquideo 1
Ety.: From the Latin quadricornis i rape 9(2): lls dg Fig. 7.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; aespitose; roots slender, Ramicauls more or or less horizontal, slender, 3cm
long, enclosed by 5 densely cise Incuhahen ae Leaf i
ginate, broadly elliptical, obtuse, 20 mm long, 17 mm wide, coneere ee een Coiaceous, mar
distichone enrrecen:.).. 7 -
kat by @ peduncle 14 mm long; floral bracts echinate, 1 mm long: pedicels 1 man long; ovary 2 mea long,
cili ciliate, ae ene oxtemally, the dorsal sepal broadly to trans.
versely ovate, the blade 10 mm long, 10 mm wide, S-veined, the apex obtuse, shortly acuminate into
slender tail 2.5 mm long, connate to tal sepals for 4 mm, the lateral sepals ov
lique, acute, acuminate, 11 mm long, 5 mm connate | mm; petals Like
oe fe eof the column: Ip gio nm ide, the base ofthe outer lobe
. acute
i i 1.75 mm long, the
basal lobes obtuse, encircling the column, the apex rounded shall Bilge
base of the column: column terete, 2.5 mm long, with the anther d ly 4 6h > the connate to the
ee
a eee
Y
E
a
SYSTEMATICS OF MARSIPANTHES 9
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Narifio: apparently collected
near Ricaurte, flowered in cultivation at the La
Planada Science Station, #48, 21 July 1989, C. H.
Dodson, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 18060 (Holotype: 4
_ C. ‘er illustr. 16218. Dept. of Valle Del eh 5
ca, El -% alt. 2000 m, collected by J. Aguirre, C hac,
ia 199 5, flowered i in cultivation at Colomborqui- Ney
deas, R. Escobar 8076 (JAUM).
S species from southern Colombia a nua 2
is distinguished by the proportionately oo —~
large flower borne on top of a broadly
elliptical leaf. The densely ciliate sepals at hettting |
form a broad, shallow cup, the dorsal sepal Zl SA
with a short tail. The thick, erect lobes of i
the forked petals are oblong and sharply rc
carinate. The glabrous lip forms a ““U”’ \
the basal lobes encircling the column. A 7)
Lepanthes ribes Luer, Selbyana, 3: 14, 1976. Fig. 8.
Thy. Nansedl for the fancied "e a Aa as Ribes.
o é o
Plant small to medium, epiphytic, —a roots a Ramicauls erect, ot . 5-6 cm
long, enclosed by 6-9 microscopically s panthiform . Leaf erect elliptical,
subacute, 20-33 mm long, 8-15 mm from ae below _ a petiole 2-3 mm “a an "hiecennes a
subdense, successively several-flowered raceme up to 25 mm | long: with the flower pendent, bore
beyond the leaf by 1.5-2 mm long; pedicels 3-
3.5 mm long; ovary papillose-crested, 5-6 mm long; sepals heavily mottled with red-purple, minutely
ciliate-carinate, the —- i i ovate, » CONCAVE, | a - apiculate at the apex, 13- 15 mm long, 10 mm
wide unex panded, 5- d, ovoid, saccate tube,
the lateral sepals on alen 10-12 mm long, “rene wide, 2-veined, connate 3 ‘tam, with the apices
~n
triangular, acute, reflexed; petals green, fleshy, semiterete ort arrowly
-oblong, erect, narrowly obtuse, glabrous abrous, 6-7 mm long, 0. 75 mm wide; % Ep light green, glabrous,
bilobed-horse shoe-shaped, P 2 phos 1.2.5 mn oo,
= notched, with ute apicul the sinus, the ba te t
umn 1.5 mm long, th ther d 1 with 1 te rostell the sti ventral
em ea a of mesa ci atc on the
road-cut between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt.
2100 m, 10 Mar. 1975, C. Lu wee t 233
(Holotype: SEL); steve alt. 2400 Sept.
1984, A. eer 1901 (MO), C. _ illustr. 16298;
Mindo, alt. 1400 m, Feb. st A. Hi
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Valle Del > Serrania de
Carras nie alt. 1800 mi, ¢ ‘collected by : J. Aguirre,
June 1996 Colomborqui
deas, R. Escobar 8075 (JAUM).
This species is uncommon in southern
Colombia and northern Ecuador. Although
vegetatively it is similar to many other
species of the genus, the large, pendent,
saccate, purple-mottled flower is easily
recognized. The concave dorsal sepal is
y half its length to the lateral
sepals to form a gaping sepaline cup. The
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 11
Fig. 5. Lepanthes felis
urrathecep
Peery oemerney
Fig. 7. Lepanthes quadricornis Fig. 8. Lepanthes ribes
rar AME teh rare, yung tie
12 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
apices of the lateral sepals reflex below the aperture. The long, green petals from
deep within the cup reach to the opening. The lip is small and horse shoe-shaped
surrounding the column.
REFERENCE
Luger, C. A., 1986, Icones Pleurothallidi I. Systematics of tk Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. $ st.
Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 34, seus
sect. Marsipanthes 1,3
Lepanthes caprimulgus 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 (Fig. 1.)
carunculigera 1, 3,5, 10 Fig. 2.)
equicalceolata 3, 6, 10 (Fig. 3.)
»6, 7, 10 Fig. 4.), 11 ig. 5.
lucifer 3, 8, 11 (Fig. 6)” itis arty
quadricomis 3,8, 11 (Fig. 7.)
Tibes 1,2, 3,9, 11 Fig. 8.)
E
Xv
w
a
Note: To facilitate removal and bindi else should thi i
subgenus Marsipan seems, Ptr fs oe ns rom he sent of Sistemas o
Praconanthes and the subgenus Lepanthes of Ecrader ig ag
THE GENUS LEPANTHES SUBGENUS LEPANTHES
IN ECUADOR (ORCHIDACEAE)
ABSTRACT
__ Following a brief history « f the g
+h = BR, S|
,
BZ. a 4
by black and white line drawings. Ach cklist of all epithets in Lepanth ttrib
uted to Ecuador, and is p d with keys t
tions, ses ad pes f individual distributi ps, full page
New taxa:
panth Bilat Lepanthes melpomene Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes . Breves Luer, ot nov. 13 & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes ser. Mucronatae Luer, se: Lepanthes mirador Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
peer ao Luer & Hi, nov. Lepanthes morleyi Luer & Dalstrém, sp. nov.
. NOV. Lepanthes narcissus Luer irtz, sp. NOV.
Lepantes lope Lt & ia nov. Lepanthes odontocera Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes ortegae Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes an, & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes pan Luer & Sp. NOV.
Lepanthes athena Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes pelyx Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes barbelifera Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes perdita Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes ca: Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes proboscidis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes calypso Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. 13 & H.PJesup, sp. nov.
ica Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes psomion Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes cauda-avis Luer & Hirtz, Lepanthes rici:
Lepanthes ciliicampa Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes rudicula Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes clarkii Luer, sp. nov. Lepanthes saltatrix Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes corrugata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov Lepanthes scapha Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes cotylisca Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes scrotifera Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov
Lepanthes cremasta Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes semilaminata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov
Lepa didyma Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes silenus Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes eriocampa Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. idi, Luer, sp. nov.
Lepanthes evansiae Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. suavium Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes expansa Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes sulcata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
flaccida & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes sybax Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes gailana Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Lepanthes teaguei Luer
Lepanthes glabella nex & Histz, sp. nov. Lepanthes & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes gnoma Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes zamorensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes zunagensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.
Lepanthes Sw. is one of the largest in numbers of species of the 30-odd
of the Pleurothallidinae, exceeded only by Pleurothallis R.Br. and Stelis Sw. The
genus consists of about 800 species distributed from southern Mexico and the An-
tilles through the Andes into Bolivia. Very few species are known from Brazil.
The greatest Conecanranee Occurs in Colombia and Ecuador. Although most spe-
\ > =
d widely distributed.
-
i ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
The first species of Lepanthes to be reported from Ecuador was L. monoptera by
Lindley in 1834. It was discovered by Dr. Jameson near Cuenca where it is
common at high altitudes around 3000 meters above sea level. The next two spe-
cies were collected by a Colonel Hall in the valley of Lloa in the mountains just
southwest of Quito, and described in 1836 by Lindley as L. biloba and L. mucrona-
ta. Both species are common, widely distributed in Ecuador, with variable, vegeta-
tive forms of the latter being described by Reichenbach as L. andrenoglossa and L.
mesochlora in 1855 and 1856. Pw
Lindley described no other Lepanthes (except for four Cuban species), but
before the nineteenth century was out, Reichenbach had described 18 epithets in the
genus that are now known to occur in Ecuador, and Hooker had described one, L.
calodictyon. Mostly from collections by Jameson, the total number of names attrib-
uted to Ecuador before 1900 was 22, only 17 of which are considered valid species
today. From collections by Madero, Mille and Sodiro, Schlechter added 12 epithets
between 1915 and 1921, but only three remain as valid species in the genus.
The first published list of the known species of Lepanthes from Ecuador was by
Schlechter (1921) who counted 27. This number includes two that belong to other
ge d eight oth garded today as synonyms. Today about 270 species are
known from Ecuador, the vast majority having been collected by Alexander C.
Hirtz of Quito. The total number of names described in the genus is 980, over 600
of which are considered valid.
The comparative paucity of species of Lepanthes described from Ecuador prior
to recent times is the result of scanty collecting, poorly flowers which are
the most intricate and delicate of all the Orchidaceae, and consequ
eo) re ae
Ie ent neglect or
disinterest by taxonomists. Old descripti difficult to inter-
pret, many types are lost, and flowers of most existing types, like all crushed and
dried flowers of Lepanthes, are difficult to interpret. We should feel grateful that
Kranzlin did not attempt to work in the genus.
The early collectors of Lepanthes in Ecuador include Dr. William Jameson,
physician and professor at the University of Qui
transient travelers such as Spruce, but their $ extremely
few considering the great number of species that were available. The early profes-
sional collectors such as Warscewicz sh d small ies without ial
value. rarant NW + = , Me
I Ss jori , Swedes, Danes and
North mesa — far the greatest collector has been Ing. Alexander C. Hirtz
0 to, who iscovered the vast majority of the newly species and has
rediscovered the “old” species as well. 2 eg
Morphology
All species of Lepanthes are characterized by ramicauls clad in “‘1 i
species | ; epanthiform
sheaths. Similar sheaths clothe the ramicauls of Lepanthopsis and Trichosaplinx.
Ne term lepanthiform an bees waol by authors since Lindley (1859). Typical
ened, ciliate or scabrous i
peak se ai ie with simple, non-dilated ostia.
rarely oth i ls f 3
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 3
a ia rap) 5 exon
- blade of lip
column
Fig. 1. Morphology of Lepanthes
4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
The leaves vary greatly in size and shape, and in texture from thin to thick,
sometimes even semiterete. Some species are characterized by pubescent or prickly
leaves, others are characterized by reticulations or a crinkly border. The leaves are
mostly green, but many are suffused with purple, sometimes on both sides.
The inflorescence is always racemose. The racemes are commonly borne
behind the leaf, but sometimes the flower sits on the top surface of a horizontal leaf.
In the prior case, the petiole of the leaf twists to encourage the inflorescence to rise
tof the blade. The flowers are borne successively
(rarely simultaneously) in racemes that vary from congested to lax. The inflores-
cence of many species far surpasses the leaf in length.
The flower is not rotated so that the lateral sepals usually point forward, but
flowers often bend to one side. Strictly : speaking, the flowers are non-resupinate,
pals to the observer depends upon from which direction
the flower is beheld. Reichenbach and Schlechter, as well as some authors who
followed, described the flowers “‘up-side-down,” that is, with the dorsal sepal
lowermost. Their orientation of the petals is also 180° contrary to the descriptions
that follow in this volume. The flowers are illustrated here in the way we are accus-
tomed to seeing orchid flowers with the dorsal sepal “dorsal” or uppermost.
Typically, the petals are transversely bilobed, with the ‘‘upper lobe” overlying
the “dorsal” (unpaired) sepal. The “length” is the narrow distance between the
attachment of the petal at the base of the column to the outer margin of the petal.
The “‘width”’ is the usually much longer distance between the tips of the opposite
lobes. Sometimes a smaller middle sabe i is present on the outer margin, and
or fork into segments.
The colors seen in the flowers of Lepanthes are the most diverse and vivid in all
the Orchidaceae. Every conceivable color can be found. Combinations of brilliant,
clashing colors are common. The petals are the most notorious.
The lip originates from the undersurface of a footless column, most commonly
at the base. It is almost always “three-lobed,” and the lobes are so greatly modi-
fied that ne new terminology becomes necessary. Between entire or simply bilobed
lips, the and lips with complicated modifications,
all intermediate forms imaginable occur. Hence, section Haplocheilus is untenable.
2 Most often the margin of the lateral lobes is thickened and developed into a
blade.” The supporting part to the blade becomes the ‘‘connective.” Together,
the iets ma are often rite by the connectives above the column where they
some’ touch or unite to form a roof over the column. The central
from which the bases of the connectives arise is the “body. = Iti is attached to the
cage with or without a claw. The angle of the body £
€ connectives is the “‘sinus,”’ from which or near which the middl
Beater _ erinebitee This peculiar organ is subject to a myriad of, ae oe
si i by a ng as attractants for pollinators. Great Variations of the appendix
The morphology of the majority of species follows a a similar pattern which
hotomous key. Sometimes combina-
makes identification difficult with a dic
tions of not-too-unusual forms of the fl species. On the other
hand, however, the flowers of many species are wildly different and unique with
parts.
grotesque formations of some or all floral
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
Fig. 2 (upper left) aca of Lepanthes chrysina with the blades of the lip expanded and the column elevated.
Fig. 3. 4 ~ Appendix of popes ” ectilis with the blades of the lip expanded and the c ohana elevated.
4. and Fig. 5. (lower) Append of Lepanthes implexa on the anterior surface o
All seat poet micrographs by Giinter Gerlach a
t the
Institut fiir Systematische Botanik und Pflanzengeographie der Universitat Heidelberg.
6 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
The species of Lepanthes grow mostly in the filtered light of moist or wet for-
ests at relatively high altitudes between 1500 and 3000 meters above sea level
where a high humidity and chilly nights are guaranteed. They grow most frequently
enmeshed among mosses on twigs or small branches, often in the tops of trees
where a constant air t likely to occur. High altitude, elfin forests
Se sgeics opcrecath = Most sacs reepond
sep tenchcne- Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsala 6: 85, 1799.
Ety.: From the Greek lepis, “‘a scale,” and anthos, “a flower,” referring to the small, “scalelike”’
aaa
Type: Epidendrum ovale Sw., Prodr. 125, 1788 = Lepanthes ovalis (Sw.) Fawc. & Rendle.
The genus Lepanthes has been divided into subgenera, sections, subsections and
series (Luer, 1986, 1987a, 1987b, 1993). Three subgenera are recognized: Brachy-
cladium (11 species in Ecuador) treated i in eee eG pemgeat XI (Luer,
1994), Lepanthes (ca. 265 (two species in
Ecuador). Therefore, about 278 species are now nhc in Ecuador. ” Draco-
nanthes (2 species in Ecuador) is elevated to genus.
Subgenus Lepanthes, presently with only one section, is too large to treat in one
unit. For convenience it is being divided into geographical and political units:
Central America, the Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, etc.
Section Lepanthes is divisible into three subsections, with five series. This
present treatment includes only the species of subgenus Lepanthes section Lep-
thin th t politi aries of Ecuador.
Lepanthes sect. Lepanthes
L.A, DLL
f., Xenia Orch. 1; 143, 1858.
Lectotype: Lepanthes ovalis (Sw.) Faw. & Rendle,
Ety.: From the Greek makrocladium, “a ee
i ashigee Luinines Gale Stee. ae
Biy.: iebrbeernssir
Clertuide of f.
.
67, 1910.
Rendle.
double lip,” referring to the lip divided into blades.
ae ee Bot. a :
46: 5,
Ety.: From the Greek haplocheilos, “a single lip,” ref erring to the undivided lip.
Syn.: wre Lge brapenenen a Cick. Auk ta 1910.
Lectotype: Lepanthes Lepanthes brevipetala Fawc. & Rendle, J. Bot. 46: 5, 5, 1909.
of Jamaica.
Syn. Lepanthes sect. Rendlelepanthes Cogn., Orch. Antill. 4
tule acess
£ +1. ee £ T,
Be:
icon & thi gecesi ne tot lontn eno pn ppc to
slender to coarse or fleshy. Rascal t, single to prolif g
nenalia 1
to ers, I
tubular, ribbed, imbricating sheaths wit tye ee lt, ty te
dil. 4 ce warchte she, 1 Po oe | ,
nee a . leaf : yer). lafiace ce a. oe
ple, ovate t 1 pear spiral ice oer often suffused with pur-
obtuse t = , a) _= ra 2 os ai ae 7: . the apex acute,
, id the base rounded, cuneate or narrowly
pe oT Me
ee de a” wt Le
SSS
WS ph nis sree Ma cer
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 7
cuneate into a short petiole late, longer or shorter than the
leaf, cones or distantly flowered, few | to my owe cons snccenrvely-flowered, bome by be
arbeier infundibular, oblique, often cili cels slender to stout, longer or shorter than
; pedicel
the floral bract; ovary smooth, or slate trivalvate with yee ribs smooth, carinate or crested; 1 flowers
variously colored; , Sepals conspicu ous, ooth, ciliate ti scen
onminate
ate, caudate, nearly free to pe connate,
3-veined; petals membranous, transversely bilobed, ocsiolly with a marginal process or r third
lobe, 5 glabrous to pubescent; lip variously trilobed,
rel 1 11-1 , a ah A
the blade is
,
+} ee | ey ee Mee 8 1 EB H * res P| 1 iab
the cnimdceive Varlously Geo {u t st J vari le
ar S tral nartion of the lin | thet cti d f; hich th
; p WiiiGil Lilie
ndix arises is the body, the body te to the b undersurface of a footl lumn; column
] + ith th clavate. th her d | ical, unhooded, th stellum apical, the
aaa —_— cs _ f id
pollinia 2, yellow, pyriform, with i ingle-lobed or bilobed, apical, subap-
: or ventral, the b f th ‘| footl continncas with | the ovary.
— sect. Lepanthes subsect. Bilabiatae Luer, subsect. nov.
ype: Lepanthes bifalcis Law Pigsaingie 54: 332, 1983.
) a oes a2
Lateral sepals completely connate into a 2-veined synsepal.
omy sect. Lepanthes subsect. Breves Luer, stat. nov.
ype: Lepanthes monoptera Lindl., J. Bot. 1: 10, 1834.
Bs Sa) Scents ser. Breves Luer Novon 3: 442, 1993.
Raceme lax, the rachis between floral bracts longer than the pedicels; lateral
sepals one-veined, not completely connate
— ser. Breves Luer, Novon 3: 442, 1993.
‘ype: Lepanthes monoptera Lindl., J. Bot. 1: 10, 1834.
ae shorter than the leaf.
— ser. Filamentosae Luer, Novon 3: 442, 1993.
nthes filamentosa Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 448, 1993.
bs ar longer than the leaf.
a sect. Lepanthes subsect. Lepanthes
ype: Lepanthes ovalis (Sw. ) Fawce. & Rendle.
eae congested or lax, longer or shorter than the leaf; lateral sepals 2- to 3-
veined, not completely c ,
Lepanthes ser. Lepanthes, | Novon | 3: 442, 1993.
Raceme congested, the rachis between floral bracts shorter than the pedicels;
Lepanthes ser. Elongatae Laer. aaiptene = 442, gee
Raceme lax, the rachis teres floral bracts sh than the pedicels.
Lepanthes ser. Mucronatae Luer, ser. nov
Type: Lepanthes mucronata Lindl., Comp. Bet. Mag. 2: 356, 1836.
processu
Petala cum
Petals with a process on the outer margin.
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
COLOMBIA
e.
a, —*
§ s
a]
*‘
=
CARCHI *---,
5 a
‘ Se
9 ’ 6"
“*, - .
“~ t .
sae
PACIFIC OCEAN , me Se
bt sucummios
9
0°
ad
ares
--
oor
’
eee, H *23 a
-- ‘ re
a | See Se OBS \ t
* a
are \ 4 ‘ %
Ne x 4 PS “s,
*% $ .CHIMBORAZO i,
’ . ae
Wt a * eed
te f ee
2. 225 ke
7
mi te
-
GULF
OF
GUAYAQUIL
Fig. 6. POLITICAL MAP OF ECUADOR
ee
SN eae toch
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 9
4 .
PACIFIC OCEAN aoe mes Sioa
\ a
0°--
ene er
ee “se
wnaore
om
ona
Smee e
oon
errr e
-
oe?
-
GULF
OF
GUAYAQUIL PERU
osenues ord
Rio Marafion
ca. 2200-3800 meters above sea level
ca. 3800+ meters above sea level
Volcanoes: 1. Chiles, 2. Cotacachi, 3. Cayambe, 4. Reventador, 5. Pichincha, 6. Coraz6n, 7. Liniza,
8. Antisana, 9. Sumaco, 10, Cotopaxi, 11. Chimborazo, 12. Tungurahua, 13. Altar, 14. Sanguay.
Fig. 7. PHYSICAL MAP OF ECUADOR
10 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
EPITHETS IN LEPANTHES ATTRIBUTED TO ECUADOR
AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF SPECIES OF S NUS LEPANTHES
Lepanthes aberrans Schitr. = Fig. 52. Lepanthes condorensis Luer & Hirtz
Draconanthes aberrans (Schlir.) Luer Fig. 53. Lepanthes confusa Ames & C.Schweinf.
Fig. 1. Lepanthes absens Luer & Hirtz Fig. 54. Lepanthes conjuncta Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 2. Lepanthes acarina Luer Fig. 55. Lepanthes contingens Luer
Fig. 3. Lepanthes actias-luna Luer & Hirtz Lepanthes corazonis Schltr. = Trich
Fig. 4. Lepanthes aculeata Luer chamaelepanthes (Rchb.f.) Luer
Fig. 5. Lepanthes adelphe Luer & Hirtz Fig. 56. Lepanthes corkyae Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 6. Lepanthes aeora Luer & Hirtz Fig. 57. Lepanthes cornualis Luer & Escobar
Fig. 7. Lepanthes agglutinata Luer Fig. 58. Lepanthes corrugata Luer & Dalstrém
ae Lepanthes allector Luer & Escobar Lepanthes cosmos Luer & Escobar =
ig. 9. Lepan alopex Luer & Hirtz Lepanthes vespertilio
Fig. 10. Lepanthes alticola C.Schweinf. Fig. 59. Lepanthes cotyledon Luer
Fig. 11. Lepanthes amphioxa Luer & Hirtz Fig. 60. Lepanthes cotylisca Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 12. Lepanthes andreettae Fig. 61. Lepanthes craticia
Fig. 13. Lepanthes andrenoglossa Rchb£. = Fig. 62. Lepanthes cremasta Luer & Hirtz
mucronata Fig. 63. Lepanthes crista-pulli Luer & Escobar
Fig. 14. Lepanthes angulata Luer & Hirtz Fig. 64. Lepanthes ctenophora Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 15. Lepanthes antiopa Luer Fig. 65. Lepanthes cymbi & Escobar
Fig. 16. Lepanthes aries Luer Fig. thes d: mer
17. Lepanthes asoma Luer & Hirtz dalstroemii Luer =
Fig. 18. Lepanthes athena Luer & Hirtz Lep
Fig. 19. Lepanthes auriculata Luer Fig. 67. Lepanthes decurva Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 20. Lepanthes aurita Luer & Escobar ig. 68. Lepanthes deformis Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 21. Lepanthes avicularia Luer & Hirtz Fig. 69. Lepanthes deleastes Luer
Fig. 22. Lepanthes ballatrix Luer Fig. 70. Lepanthes delhierroi Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 23. Lepanthes barbelifera Luer & Hirtz Fig. 71. Lepanthes deliqua Luer
Fig. 24. Lepanthes benzingii Luer Lepanthes delphax Luer =
Fig. 25. Lepanthes bifalcis Luer Lepanthes jamesonii
Lepanthes bifaria Luer =
Lepanthes
Fig. 26. Lepanthes biloba Lindl.
- Lepanthes binaria Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 28. Lepanthes r & Hirtz
Fig. 29, Lepanthes brachypogon Luer
Lepanthes brenneri
Lepanthes bufonis Luer & Hirtz = Fig.
bufonis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer
Fig. 31. Lepanthes calliope Luer & Hirtz ;
Fig. 32. Lepanthes calllisto Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 33. Lepanthes
Fig. 34. caloura Luer & Hirtz
35. Lepanthes calypso Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 36. campodostele Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 37. Lepanthes camptica Luer & Hintz
Fig. 38. Lepanthes capitanea Rchb£.
Fig. 39. thes carinata Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 40. Lep cassidea
Fig. z Lepanthes cauda-avis Luer & Hitz
caudata Luer & Escobar Fig. 84. elongata
Fig. 43. Lepanthes : Lepanthes Luer & Hirtz
me Ee aH. Fig. 85. Lepanthes embreei Luer & Hirtz
poms thot Med ie Cay, Pe
Se a ee eee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 11
Fig. 94. Lepanthes fiskei Luer
Fig. 95. Lepanthes fissa Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 96. Lepanthes flaccida Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 111. Lepanthes ha Luer
Fig. 128. Lepanthes inamoena Luer
Fig. 129. Lepanthes intonsa Luer
Fig. 130. Lepanthes intricata Luer
Fig. 131. Lepanthes iricolor
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
ma 141. Lepanthes I
Fig. 142. Lepan
Lepanthes lucifer Luer & Hirtz
(subgen. Marsipanthes)
lunaris Luer
(subgen. Brachycladium)
lupula Luer & Hirtz
en. Brachy )
macrotica Luer & Dalstrém
ff se Revivtindiinads
s macroura Schltr. =
Lepanthes mucronata
Fig. 145. Lepanthes magnifica Luer
Fig. 146, Lepanthes mammillata Luer
Fig. 147. Lepanthes manabina Dodson
ig. 148.
Lepanthes mucronata
Fig. 156. Lepanthes metaxy Luer & Hirtz =
ac ete b
hes micropetala L.O. Williams
(subgenus Brachycladium)
Lepanthes micropogon Luer =
Lepanthes millei Schltr. =
hes effusa
Lepant
Fig. 157. Lepanthes mirador Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 158. Lepanthes monitor Luer
Lepanthes poecnes Rchb.f. =
biloba
Fig. 177. Lepanthes oxypetala Luer & Hirtz
Lepanthes pachyrhiza Luer & Hirtz =
Fig. 178. Lepanthes pan Luer & Dalstrém
Fig. 179. Lepanthes papaliactae Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 180. Lepanthes papyrophylla Rchbf.
Fig. 181. Lepanthes paradoxa Luer
182. Lepanthes pecunialis Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 183. Lepanthes pelyx Luer & Hirtz
Lepanthes peniculus Luer =
Lepanthes pensilis Schltr. =
Salpistele pensilis
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 219. Lepanthes silenus Luer & Hirtz
—
bh
Fig. 222. Lepanthes speciosa Luer & Hirtz
Fig. 223. Lepanthes splendida Luer & Hirtz
eee ¢@¢ @
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Lepanthes trachysepala Schitr.
Be cher icles) Lek
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 13
e DP.
VUMNMMART UP FRESENL
Subgen. Brachycladium (in Icones Pleurothallidinarum XT)
Subgen. Lepanthes
Subsect. Bilabiatae
Subsect. Breves
Series Filamentosae
Series Breves
ubsect. Lepanthes
Series Elongatae
Series
Series Mucronatae
Subgen. Marsipanthes (in I Pl hallidi XIV)
Ww q Q < awn Sep:
subgen. Brachycladi
5 3
2. = 1
> » | 1. a. e oe: f. = Ber oS . m= S ¢) el
1’ Plant erect, y 1g P (rarely f ) 2
2 Sepals inflated, variously te into a deep cup; petals thick, erect subgen. Marsipanthes
Sepals variously ; petal b ' ly lobed (subgen. Lepanthes nan aeons:
3 Lene cmetond a 1 subsect. Bilabiatae
3” Sepal: = er | b 1 ces 1, bP or free A
r —— J
4 Lateral sepals 1 d (subsect. Breves) 5
4’ Lateral sepals 2- to 3-veined (sut Lepanthes) 6
5 ; a. 1 g Pm oh 1 -_ Fila: -
5° I oo L i cn ae ser Brevec
| a . | 1 oh ae ie L aL no Tu 7 _% 1. PH 7
6 i. ig E ser. Elongatae
6’ Infl BR oO. L er 1} ee +h , ee |
LJ il od a
ef Petals ithout inal t he lot ser. Lepanthes
- 7 is
7D 1 +h a L ree ee
7 Petals wit ginal p ser. Mucronatae
KRY TO THE SPECIES OF SECTION LEPANTHES
Subsection Bilabiatae
ct. . d by a | 1 pal ompletely ee 2-vei il =
N
1 Li a Pe of, s hi-d.
1’ Lip 5.2. 8. £, ba ac cit ame | 4
2 Petals unguiculate, bifurcate, with lobes recurving; lip obovate, bilobed, unguiculate without basal
L bifalcis
Ps Petals not unguiculate; lip broadly cordate with ar ded, shallowly notched, with basal |
3 Leaves narrowly ovate, thick; petals with lobes opposit L. columbar
3 Leaves ovate, thick; petals with short lobes diverging 90° L. homotaxis
th lob oa th blades thick. convex L. clandestina
* ene. 1:. 7. 2.3. 2 Bust ee
4 Petals with lobes opposite, 180°; lip
QT. t Lax & L a * t el. zt , eS % we t. +. LY .% £rw , a
lacs rr = + o (oe
SSUS
Dd. 1 LP, a oh + 1 ) 1. 3. hi. et A; ai] nd
Petals qual; P; app , extemal, tuft of cilia
L. inamoena
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Subsection Breves
Series Filamentosae
rye Is with vein.
-— IL antl, 4 Py Tr
Py a at 3° i. 7
1 Raceme loose. » Breally od 4
. aL +7 ££
R S' =) > £ =.
vi Oo ita ores ayes # hied L. vaginans
2 Plant th 8 ee eae 3
2 Plant | th 2 tall luding i fl, ip oS
7 Temdine Mehek. £2 1 h lot te L. et ces
> <n . t
3 eme “* es Rar L. flexuosa
. 1. toant gs. J
3°’R og +P 4
or *- 5 £.1 L brenneri
Av
4 Sao ety ees eh whom
5 Sevals denticul 1, I, ilar. opposite L. tri sad
= baal as
5S nee ore ar ier aa Sint divercins L J men
iS oS
baal
__ Series Breves
juncl 1 pals with one vein.
- > 3°71 31.7 .| 7 x Ss
1 Ratio Sindee ereeen a 4 pais long =a Sor
1’ Rami 7 a L 1 7. with or 1 t ie |
3 * 3
2 Raceme very cong , distichous ;
2’ Racem =m a 1
3 Raceme short-p nediceliat, . ther 1 1 hlade of 1 3 meganthera
3° Racem 1 3:
4 Lipbilobed oR ane weed 3 paene te Wel: 1 Ca L. morleyi
4’ t: |: me lee oe . ES ry
i 4 L. pleurorachi¢
5 Lip cordate with basal lobes .... F :
5’ Lip obcordate, unguiculate, | basal }
pA pap eo , 180°; etal: ith i | ical lobul L. tachirensic
aut 80° ics r
6° Lateral sepals not opposite, 180° eolimsskestitaetetevisans J
7 Sepals denticulate or pubescent...
7’ Sepals glabrous, tend nie ates Si AS iol oases nove AF
8 Raceme usually pion leaf, Toots ee Sp FE CSAY ssn eennescevreesensnnseeesoenen
8” Raceme
grossiradi
leew Neort ot i
o
sepals pubescent i MCTMALLY.eeernenrreernmnsoneneeresene sreeeeotreesenstonetensensesoscentusesesensevece
9 Lateral
9” Lateral sepals glabrous intemally, variously
10 dense] ~spiculate
10 Sepals not domly one es
1 Petals with lower lobe oblong, 4 times longer than upper lobe.
subequal, or
I’ Petals with lobes
12 Patele urs 1.8. ee t
cepicelate ee terrorism
opp abe ae tan owe comnts einanecieenens
“evemmiteirnnsceeeunrtansrnttniteaineniahtouienstnsnvtetanciaseassacennpieosnnec?
: .
i tehonasanssnuesentenshi'ecbint ron oe veesnessasesciaecososeséeciecsseas 1U
:
sosiehaetebinewets teins
stveensusssneeneneossonsncenseosesoreeesssesscecsce 1
onreenneveneeeseenernseasaseessensssessenseeesallte
sevssnrsassesessrencesssoseeee 12,
4 +h 4 1. = 7
Lay
VOC aensevnereeneeverneene
fr ily tuse. mach larc.
SREP RS teria yeaa nascrsg. Cetra tenner
or with
1
& wily aVvwel
gula
wah At ANOreRtObC¢nCObOE hinono ee binduasitescisenduslous 13
13 Lip with
13° Lip with blades obtuse at the the base
14 Dorsal sepal
acta: nasal. -s5.
blades long-attenuate at the base...
P08 tee Ceteee SON eee POR SeS eteseeeeeeey.
is ae
er snsawewsesaseeenearesnceesseessesesssesseseseee 1S
srsaweacrounsenseeesenesorevessed ie
cornualis
Sa penetra Srsntamusee sae ne ee 14
1. 3°
iit
ore SSe $988ee Seteeseesece.
tr
14) — cular, olime; ponbs ea aoe
Af P08 eens, Bee een en, Nee co ee
tee ewnen,
eh ee
POON oon ees. Ueieparar ance yearanea gs
senveesevevensevereseseeseally
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 15
15 ie ie ith b ircli ht L. cotylisca
15’ Lip d flank: 2g 7 ly 16
16 Lip with blades thick, broadly ovoid, descending on either side of colu “
16° Lip with blades not thick, broadly oveld, sell Goetending om ailher side of the tok ed
17 tal 4.4 par 1h T adelphae
17’ Petals and blades minutely pubescen L. otara
18 Petals with upper lobes overlapping; lip with blades ciliat L. monoptera
18” Petals with upper lobes not overlapping; lip with blades mi ically pub srilcate
f ¥&
L. frigida
19 Leaves elliptical, abruptly inat 20
19” Leaves narrowly ovate, acute 21
20 Rp 1 x; A, 1 P 1 3° ly : 1 1. 3 7 Lan tip 2: gi 2; lip * 4h i. Bee |
oe ae p Pod Z jamesonii
20’R bdense; dorsal sepal not dially; lateral sepals with tips not diverging; lip with
Li.d ! 1g ap 7 him L yanganae
21 Lip with blad mplete, ing t of col L. velata
ore rae. £3 43 4 Dd: ~ BS eet hat r 4 1
21’ Lip E E 22
22 Lateral sepals obtuse; appendix ext 1, pedunculate L. vi
2 te; apr dix i , triangular. L sybax
Subsection Lepanthes
Series Elongatae
cr : fiten Al rs] lt 1. > ee
ck oni ee ieee ane
1 D = 1 d, os rolafic 2
VR i 1. imate. caespitose 4
re
2 Ramicauls 1-2 cm long; 1 ti L. series
2” Ramicauls 5-10 cm long; sepals entire 3
3R 1 than the leaf L. scalaris
5S
3°R t han the leaf L. scansor
4 Di. / re (= re -d tall 3 a I #1 5
sd z oral aA Boe tall ic A. Le . | ey)
4’ Plants about 2
(Plants less than 5 cm tall)
55 ithout tail 6
5’ Sepals short- or long-caudate 14
6 Leaf ovate , acute; raceme few-flower d, subflexuous, slightly surpassing the leaf 7
6” Leaf TT LL 1, Psi Rg
Mies. 3 ome >
7 Lip bilaminate L. acarina
T Liv t 1} t-sh d L. strwmnosa
rg - La
8 Sepals tall_rannate—crected 9
3” eg p J ttall - ee ee 2
D. | 2. 6 2. S. L a t..% bb ,&., = 2 es 28 t 4.1 without
9 FCiais PP » sap , 2 tae erect,
£. * 2 T
campodostele
9’ P + os ae | , a, ng: 3 ; lip os Sy ee £ = hi... if 10
10 23. £1. | ane I. ivtal,
ec hd a data thie,
10° ll
ll TT: ae a e ohana + ah 35 T ae
aap Wiles Ay &
1D’ Li with b a rt . | A. J, . 7 = 3 ai. oe! Tr » ” J,
aks Cy > 5S
_ s Se, Saree a 7 pm lent, tat bk .2 oo % qT exovena
12 r rr & od =
7 <, 1 - thy es 3 os 13
13 We at. b. A £. L LY 3 , 3 r capitanea
Pg kg LL... 4 Pal 1. L fel. pS ee |
=. ¥: C3
14 1. ly a d: y r 1 F 1.1 2 a Cee r 1; lig with hl des
attenuated L splendida
1 successively flowered, occasionally with 2 fl pen simulta ly 15
15 Raceme 1 2-fh d; di ve, intricate. L. aeora
15°R ively J- to many-fl d 16
16 Dp. a a 1 31.1... £ 1. 4. 2 + T iro, 2
Hie g “EY J
16” QD pepo 1 Ih7.0 cL ly ie 17
: peeucce dati , tails about 1 mm long 18
Sepals caudate 19
18 Sepal and 1 hal 1 can, me ple Te alan Eadie itera L. stelidipetala
re steN rt flat £1 is ss I li
18 p L floresii
19 e ¥. 4. ..31 Pes, ECE l gailiana
20
19° Fy . 3 . Big . ee, SE UN came
yg -
20 Lip with blades long-ciliate rs golbasto
20° Lip Td ets, G32 ically sas f ly + 21
Vii wt: fh a 8 1, A hal, 1 * 4
21 Lip P dl L paradoxa
am wunth hile, a 3. A
21 —s z 22
TF seu cath, th rs rm he
22 rnin o 7 23
2’ Li ae ane £ . Paes
se o ‘2 25
23 Tin with th a. L .
= Las L deliqua
yay Ton ca co od £. 3 £. £ 1, a
© as ee IA
24 5 en 1 Ie 1. A awats, ars) 1 > . . 1 . +
24’ Late 1 ae 1, Ld . py 3 van 1 ag ad cula
ae . .
p iy > P g i" 1 L. alticola
pile Seretic.maroidaing incurved L. caudata
26
Tsou eutthe bide ta & 27. ea 31.1 an
SE 3 7 cucullate. z7
26 T ary enrthe het, L 7. ra 44.3 [
-a
beast —s 28
wf | Tiweal 7 t., £1. aS ee 1
ate ae y ynsep L. ophioeglossa
27 Dors: na: th 1 ts (7
“ r L. delhierroi
28 Lip with blades thick, convex
28 Lip with blades flat to slightly concave............ 20
29 Lip with appendix digitiform............. coe
29° Lip with appendix triangular ee aaES jimbur.
eR ecient ae
30° Smendvime apices acute, acuminate into tails...
vn NONPOSOERED S99 ROD BEDELE SesenebeSseneonesoosEeS eee
=
sreseerenvesensseneenserssevsesee 3
ectineeevn
31 Lateral Te nial 1 es cie: a -
* Tater) ee ea aioe FE nnnee ees eee season etenewessoeooeceoeess schizx
1. L a . ae + rt helehetehtehtit ht *
= cd 2
y YOSCPAL se sorsnsesoneresncesenessnterersessensereee corkyae
a 10cm
Laat tp nominee
ovate, elliptical-ovate, obtuse, not iacsie elliptical. seeesreuecenenesenseoneareconnsonstsnssneseebscesesececeseeves t DP
See eme res eee ees.
SOP Sen OO Orb eT eLE ses ret eeenteseneseoeeeneoee oon ees.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 17
33 ¢ 1 ang $E on rs tes kh £ hled |. effusa
. i “aan4
TT: ah : t ier ae oe: ae 2 ne We Mee |
33’ Lip ;
‘ Pi [2 ee ae 4 f; L. elegantula
r r = 2
34’ ¢ 1 = CS a Sne fel, 1} yy hifia L. capitanea
v J §r a
35 Flower large, rhomboid, more than 3
ti ; lip thick, bilobed, pubescent 35
37
35’ Not as above
| L. dalassandroi
L. echo
36 R
36’ R eee | 1 =sl, 1 la} Yh | +, thick
37 R distinctly fl
37 R ieee ad ee a eee |
38 ¢ J E L Le ey
r
rq 1 lak
38 : o
39 Sepal iliate; p 1 i a , rae
L sig. sigensis
papallactae
Lan 1 1 + tal oa
39° Sepals p :
40 Petals with lot gular, equal, y . 8
40’ Petals with lobes narrowly triangular, long te, g fi umn ab L. oxypetala
41 rpereeiee:b te, acute, not acuminate 42
4|’ tT hee +, a : + t p 43
te} t tals obtu L. rhombipetala
4 °D . a d: oie + ° mie 1 acnminate 44
43 Peduncle el in ¥ 1, the leaf L elongata
£ Pedancis chs rt, te a ae rf y(t biloba and elongata)
L. mastix
44 Sepals cellular-papillose ;
44’ Sepals not cellular-papillose with
T 1 1 ie iti
45 Lat p P
45’ T - 7 p 1 ta ¢ hee |
————
“ith blad L. rhombipetala
47
E. a oe |
po Plant medium wide;
47 Sepals ca. 10 mm long, minutely ciliate-pub it L. illex
glabrous.
47’ Sepals ca. 5 mm long, L casineeee
1 UE RE ORIN ARE AS! electilis
48 Sepals broadly te, obtuse, te; p 1 th lob 7 1 L. nanegalensis
43” Sepals ovate 7 7 ~ +1. PE » om 1 g Ls 49
49 Petals a, My Pp = 3 A s. eh. Be | ; lip cote’. PP 3° bigl j3..3 I ula
49° Petals with lobes oblong, obtuse; lip with appendix not biglandul L. ilinizae
Series Mucronatae
a panna aioli catinehe:
1 Petals trifid with lot L. hexapus
VP 7 r—} D)
7 1. Lik, L 4. Sos al 3
ce P er ates ee o 4
* T>. 7 _s La Genes +,
2 F Dp
3 Petals with upp zg | betw gles, lower lobe not forked...........L. mucronata
3° Petals with inner angle of upper margin elongate, lower lot L. pentoxys
oon. . £ eS 5
+ Lp wid bod ee ee te Lass ee a 10
Aj > ae
18 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
5 Lip with body narrow and concave with the appendix marginal and motile; column with elongate
ical L jackinpyxa
6
6 Lip T ie Y dy L d, mem! 1..17), ly ‘fd
6° Lip Lip witht dy t ad, deeply concave 8
7 Petals with per | b quadrate, subtruncate.
7’ Petal: h upper lob gular, acute L. corrugata
Lip eee dy A AL. 4 P 1 4. gl higt 1. 7 T ollaric
Oe ee ee ee 1 +h. ms (Oe Ses 4, 1 xi
8° Lip y I g 9
9 Plant large, ramicauls to 40 tall; p I: t L. rhodophyvila
Dlast 3 1 1 on Ti. fe
9’ 1 B if ; Sep 1s denticulat é cotyledon
10 eo an oe eT bitte 10
10° Lip Fz ot, PE 2: ek } af 1 1
ll Fs -.3. 1. = oe | 7. 1 , = 7 1 ye; 1
11” Lip ahd 2a8. 6. ie . _ = eras * 3 C4 oe Mee Fi dramas
rs * sobrina
Petals 1, a ee | 31 , L
a Petals not Paps EE bed 1 ee L thalia
“© 13
rasan cn orlapebrselddes 14
13 B than 7 cm tall 17
14 ovate, acuminate. m 1 Reis 7 on
14” Leaves ovate, acute, more or] 16
15 Ties weit he 8 8 1 c Ss
? TF tee cath Ede & id i L. andrenoclossa
15° Lip by RE 8
16 Leaves narrowly ovate, attenuated; petals obtuse; pn 1 mm long..............00
truncate; pedicels 3 mm
16” Leaves ovate, acute; petals truncate
font ee
ortegae
17 Lip with blad a1 es 0 Gees eee
eager : eae ; petals with lower lobes long-
17° Lip with blade Rp MitaEn Ale: Ui ages - L. posadae
"_ ig : 18
18 Ramicaul long with leaf Pe ‘
blade
pais entire; lip with connectives from near base of
2° 3%
pene)
, ae
sta,
and lateral sepals with 2 or 3 veins, _
Key to convenient groups
pubescent, verrucose, or
: pee: ae a ssrererassswensrseseeereneensssee Ae MOSt unusual leaves
glabrous, not obviously Tren vineei ter rilaihasnennarsicirteiliesatieatiee soc c a
2 Leaf narrow, very thickly coriaceous, terete... unusual leaves
Fintaiay cn. Aerieabcmescns often semi sterseasesneossnssssessensevenseeceseeb he MOSE
TERRE SHOR CONNORS trea at taberetehhineee, abide tL TTT OFitr eeEEE, |
: Leaf with the apex obtuse » abruptly
3” Leaf with the apex acute
pia pats 3-veined...... cn ee,
Lateral sepals 2-veined............... Tr rresemeatzttroenareennaenoarcerenesencverensel Matera sepals 3-veined
PESTS COOTER HETERO SS serene,
inabeteaiiinsagsioce
sreerrssesmseen dhe MOSt unusual leaves
eapuobliccocecs
ST NICO eF ED SHED ES. shecsesetcusiohcocal
Pen BOE bee
POPP eSES TES SSe Lee ee seeneseeSeesere.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
5 1 1 th the leaf. the lone-nedunculate 1 infl.
5 Tea fl tL ved 1 1. gies =. indi a 6
6 Plant small, th ] ly less than 5 SNF CR NER ensiciresincrinscssinenncens
the short. li. if small plant
6’ Plant medium to large, the plant more than 10 cm tall
7 Plant mostly 10 to 20 cm tall the short, congested infl medium-sized plant
Fig DI 1. Aan eat? the chart 2 y° afl loree pnlant
The unusual leaves
(without regard to relationships)
1 Leaf obviously 2
1’ Leaf glabrous, ciliate, genre or verrucose, not obviously reticulate. 8
2 Petals with both lobes abruptly caudate; lip not bil t 3
2’ Petals not abruptly caudate; lip bilaminate. ir
3 Dp L L y A +l tip £ +1 7 f; P J, 6 9 1 very shortly » v , la dor
3 t Ls a ¥ Co caudate, 4
I f ah Ce oe 2 1 ‘.-s == 2. at T saltatrix
4’ I f ben | pam 3 1 “sh, 1 te. Pere: | 5
5 Lip with a slend t each b L. barbelifera
. Fs a tant re os 6
brea <d
6 Lip transversely bilobed, as long as the lip L. calodictyon
6’ Lip cordate, obtuse h st than the lip L. tentaculata
7 Leaf orbicular, h sk | h l, glabrous L. dictydion
i ig + -*. ir 1 _ a | ” +h +#) ne iL, nuheccent re dodsonii
8 Leaf ae surface td pubescent or verruco 9
8’ Leaf 15
9 Leaf variously verrucose 10
9” Leaf variously p 11
0 Leaf coarsely spiculate- od sepals obtuse. L. aculeata
10° Leaf finely te; sepals caudate. T. horribilis
11 Leaf broadly te at the base, stellate-put ; petals 4-lobed L. polytricha
ry f ovate to nar. Aiea + 2 rm L na» 1 ly ) 2. FE P| 12
1 Leaf ciliate Er tal co ti lati J rf: £ Js taill eas oS di large; ovary
spiculate. L. pubes
1 ne f variously ; t a 1 dat ot St di I; - x lat 13
13 Lateral wai broadly ob ly caudat L. fiskei
13° L acuminate 14
14 I f thickly ’ lly; ip 1. LIA tL e+. ap - rid hing
14’ 1 r a lly; li 3 2F ly = a 6. p T P } ene
15 Leaf thi , harrowly ovate, iteret: 18
15’ Leaf not thickly coriaceous, narrow ovate, or semiterete 16
16 T £ ovate o_o. 2s ae, let; As lat Bi - +h 7 g +, 17
16’ I : f ee » of 7, 1 g 1 re 3 oe. ee 3 = ly coriaceous..........20
17 Tt gf si. = aut: 2 ip a £2 3 ly «ord L lycoc 43 } I,
17° T ge A a = oe | ( £+, ); +. % BlaZd, 1 2 siset: - PR shata
rae 2 Leb m 1, lobe: li itt dix
Bateale anth anal leh y AAP WELLE ap peni
18 ee en iyi L. teres
eS ~ Es 14 a eS
18’ Petals with g rgi
1a. 7s Se See pei Pee 4 , . sol. i A; L protuberans
iy it rt 2 od siformi:
19” Lip with 1 dix i d L Siu yormis
—y o Las
20 Leaf with bl j I Lk. » cordate at th long 2 Ps hela
20” Leaf with blade broadly btuse at
21 au re _ flor “ ine Lt * L.. tortilic
AA ee & = Ss i . oe 1.4 2
21° Leaf with . rT if i IT
L. proboscidis
Plant nual, snicanls bes vhs nan 5 cml g .. . 2
fier: ganesnmtaraas 1 3
Lateral sepals narrow, free nearly L. scrotifera
finda L. zunagensis
IR - SEE Neat ee 1 1 A er | In}
F fF PE ca 5 oR OR ETE
3” Ramicanle with cheathe cla} le vath +3 Seer 5
e Le rr Macon riaiaye
T + te TV. 4.
4 Leaf deeply ex; petals PE wly reserensstsenesssssssssseeerssesessseresseesveds COLLSTO
not deank, 1 *on un 1 .
4° Lea deeply ©; petals | 3, | ere ne mat 2 langanatensis
{Spteemepatacie mein wsteensosesnesrsssessonssearereeseseale, LEOAQUCT
5° Sepals Pena leicciccatt och pa ides ccd, Dak decurva
a
peduncle elongate
SWneNEe Tl Gate premaamaee ae
Pete ees essere sorese sesso veseuoenstensesee:
2 reer beset 180°; Fp nine Pubescent, half as long as column... LL. Scrotifera
2 Lateral ser E y pubescent, nearly as long as column... +L. evansiae
Se POP PROCS oD OLE Eee ee ees eeeeenes.
3 Sepals deeply ; } isp en | + wrvtnunnsoreenesaswonotenesseunseetensesenseseonscsesolls
2 ee COMMALC.w.cecseeseee aS iets evlaheoonvensionisepienesobisica cosa mi
Dent sepel deeply Concave, wider than the lateral lateral sepals together strersraeesssssesessessesescesersensseeds, COSSIGCA
Dorsal sepal not deeply concave, not wider than the lateral sepals together
seewevcsesencunseeressnscesesesnesencseD
in 6 1
aA | 5
oi eee tata en ‘cece sreseesveel, VeSpertilio
6, Lip bilaminate with blades distinct... eles “
©’ Lip bilobed, with or without indistinct blades. WSs noiueeageones re
Pines for ae suborbicwler
Lp pls in Sa el ee
oe or ents longi, at, round at sper, Ryne svsswal. helcium
10 Lip with lobes Cuneiform, shorter than the
10’ Lip with lobes ovate, as long as the = Sa geaea
oo senesorensacversassenssseseet
PERK Trae tuencoceeapuncss me
igre ere ager eee state eenseesesvesesesensesces Ha ejecta
Ovate..... Me ret SOO POtee stn wieteancdereaneeosis Peet ee Corres,
The a ee hese seeereenomntntewansdecetctetoisaciadncns, Mf
soresvsesseeereve LQ
TES O8e CSA Cee eek seeess, Perse sees, 90 C8 e ete S See eee ree.
Leaf usually less than 15mm mag * Plant small
es usually more more than 15 mm long... TTteeereeneees ete sensewncenes SUBD Siena acer ea ND
ete R ets be teen stveneess,
Tr Reh Rete rnaeiesinatbina Setiteaniticetistsntecsensebirecsesassd
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 21
¢ v4 be |
i=
Pa Sepals entire 9
3 T at 1 1 = e 4
3’ T + 1 - 1 a Satus, 6
4 Lip with connectives narrow, deeply divided to base of col L. disjuncta
4’ Lip with connectives broad, with a body 5
5 Lip h blad te, app subacute L. iricolor
5” Lip with blades obovate, appendix thick, bilobulate. L. gemula
6 Petals ith out gi j ply incised below i iddl l angulata
6’ Detal ~ s b A +,
7 Petals crescent-shaped with api rans ae pee eee y =
eae «3 aa sa uxorla
i Gas Detal + Pe » i g
a
‘h | blong, opposite L. stegastes
> oak 1a} 3.35
3 Petals with lobes triangular, PP 7 L
ca
‘etals *.4. Tet 3 TL imi
it 10
10 Petals with lobes broadly ob 11
10’ Petals 1 ith lot e = acute 17
ith blad borbicul long-ciliate i: g
ir Lip with blades narrowly ovat , glabrous L. aurita
12 Lip . dix thick. concave. pubescent. L. thylax
cr Ld - 7
12’ Li cay - 4 a6 ee ee L. jayandella
an Tr Ins
(Leaf more than 15 mm long)
13 eg p a ee ee "
13” Sepals entire _
(Sepals denticulate)
14 Leaf narrowly ovate, l t -
14’ Leaf ovate, elliptical, te to obtr hortly : i
15 D 1 14 1 concave; li sa Eel ae | ‘ag e ae eracae een eo
zz ive 18 D9 , IE fy
15° Dorsal sepal not deeply concave; lip with appendi oni 16
16 Lateral sepals acuminat 2
16° Lateral sepals not acuminat 7
17 Petals long-ciliate; lip with ives t cre sheers ur hirsutula
17° Petals not long-ciliate; lip with £ the blade held
18 Ez Lo age 4 , . 1. 4; XY emall - ° }
beac i eo & eo them wf
18’ Lip ith the body not Pp tub , app large
19 Lip ith blad long-ciliate if ju thata
19” Fs a a ae | , weltatn F h « —
= o s
20 T at. 1 p 1 a 4 tly » *, 71
20” tT ati 1 Pp 1 a ae 4 tly = +, ”
21 a } di concave. L. zamorensis
21 Seca Ree ante nace ek ac rok angie ha Mt L. orchestris
Zz Tt e 4 Aat, 3. = AF 1. ZS. +, el, oh md 5 in ee | i track =
ud * a A. ig +i. Lal = pe
22’ Leaf ovate, elliptic, not = PP 23
Pe tale tiith carte d 4 . ee nd 4+ Ke oe F F
23’ P ro. gi +A ply = bd ei 74
y 0 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
apse
Campa
Petale with lot ly obl long-ciliate. L. cilit 1p
La
24 Onaga fist ee re Bt Si hag Pug Al a liat, 25
24 steno Pr ‘* Loe =
a 1 = a5. rs 1 wien be 1, ht , lower lobe n
re a nb = truncate gle ; : gic
Views emer ~
L Beomll
rowly attenuate si "6
3° Petals with lobes more or less broadly g
26 Lip cel 2.9.3. + ey L. juba ta
Ra ¥. ba bg 1..1. 27
26” Lip at te wae y
27 fa tht tt aves deeply divided tot : gee a
27° Petals she Tak ; lip ti fi ing b dy
L. embreei
28 Petals with upper lobe transversely
35 Wink with per eho aca emssaeecty 29
29 Lip with lower lobe bl re obtuse. dix i tri ly 1 \ 1 . L zunagensis
29” Lip with | Lak . +
acute, a L. deleastes
1 On ar £eL
ao h Al- }. a
30 Leaves Oroagly eocly ale > Ce 4 r sf
lobes L. maccombiana
30° lee Ih 7 om We 4 1 4. . £ al 1 a Fy 24
+ F = rE
31 Lateral sepals long-acuminat a 32
31” Lateral sepals subacute to obtuse, or shortly acumi 33
32 Lip with appendix abe as the lateral lobes..................
32° Lip with appendix very
piheehietetie titi e re ttt
L. maxillaris
OND ines epesbilsrcsaceie oe L. glabella
33 Lip with blades not developed above middle............ ssbesaien 34
33° Lip with blades developed entire length .....eecnseeo..... deb bicicetnessterisbuensiccsns 36
34 fowrdierva rear a Coen *ssensesareeseeroeserssentonoconsonncsensnneensarsernseesesserseseesneels, GAYA
i 35
34” Petals with the Ic}.
TPF TSe CSb Cee CDC eEEseseresseees ses,
35 Dorsal sepal ean less laterals ac in srt. ieee oe ressenseeL. helicocephala
35° Dorsal sepall obtuse, laterals
sti Sonata roeantaanele nites sent-erentiwesseseisases: era ok
3 aE b 3 b bd 7 7 + .
MIDE oxetessrovsecesesserseennsccsscselht, ss
. . eS ss Wiese tins
36° Lip with blades not long-ciliate... itt oecekteesintsteeneesimasoesamnrennesn, 37
= > 1 +
t nf «Ll 1
*ap ply Ht nner stent hhenowitetvcenscesesenteeniesecsecersevall > ROI
37° Lip with connectives forming a body AGUICERIG etenrrpepeapmansaersagete
38 Petals with lek a4 a Pig
PE
:
th up ‘ d lapping; | adly obtuse, sh acuminate
with the tips diverging ca. 180°... atl ie eas re ars aa seseesansio de
33’ Petals with upper lobes not rounded and and overlapping: leu. d
muinate,
AAP 998 See oan OES teens.
teeeees
fieseccpas
: sa ~ Senet iaahenelape Oo ea cece allector
+4 MORAL... conseccee, eee ee F009 e 8s tee ereseseeses:
Lip with
tropa nas crm ee etly etre Ne L. rudicula
steeeessescesseessssceneassceseseseree te,
42 Lip with appendix es not concave,
42° Lip with appendix
ne 9 |
oe oe eens,
SSO tama svsssveks. HEnSiS
Concave. ieee eee
srteweeasenens cor esateesensee 43
stesoteenssenesseceesesseeses fia exited
;
4
2.
Dr OE a Ae ee eae ett etm TT | eee eee ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR a
Ts nth Be ies a _ = & > £y hag +4 ah 2
43 Lip ‘PP ply CONnCave t ne t IE L. cauda-avis
43’ I o sth AS s+ deals wf ¥ a + th
af LJ i
° a a , = ae t oe en 5. = | A sh, +h i: 2
44 Li ag: y channeled and L. wageneri
44’ 72 248. ah. Wt 4 21 <a. e hd Ti. = = | A
Lip 2. ly concave or
sth _ 1 Se Boe +h 1.1 Pe ean. st. aS 1. Cs
Inflorescence short, congested;
plant mecitm. sized, 10.90 tall 2 Pe oe 2 =: fl
(beware of “small” specimens of “‘large”’ plants)
1 Sepals denticulate, may be minutely so 2
i li Sepals entire 77
(Sepals denticulate)
Pee ree Tancdae tasl
t
L. gargoyla
Ls o's
2 Lateral sepals concave, abruptly t
2’ T +. 1 p 1 Ps BT +
3 Petals with lower lobe much shorter than narrowly elongated upper lobe; lip with blades long-acumi-
L elephantina
4
¥
3’ Petal a Bees o l.
r
4 All3 sepal inat 5
4°D ae 1
z
5 i ya bg ro. ee = +, 6
5” T £ 1 Pee | L = a a = | Q
On th lah Tey 1 ee ee
6 Petals hb ] y long ti L. meniscophora
? Bosal * 2.8. 2.2 1. bd +.
Petals not y
, 1 = hb} we +t 4 1.1L Li 1 ea
f gular, acuminate; petal upper lob quely trunca mrseeenrenernerseelg melpo
7’ Dorsal sepal suborbicular, y : upp 2 L. terpsichore
8 Lip with along. slender claw 9
8° Lip without a long, slender claw 10
9 Li ith the blad led thei gi bel th d f L contingens
9’ Lip ith the blades | obtuse : L transparens
10 Lip ith the blad ] inat L. odontocera
10° Lip Le | t a ly i +. ]
11 Petals with lower lobe obliquely triangular, much smaller than the upper lob 12
11’ Petal 7a 2 | =o t obliq ly Ld 1, .
e af
12 Lateral 1 te al t iddle with the ti less i iti L. calypso
epee A en 2 r pi re JF 2
I m 1 1 8 the mid 1 tip . 1
1 1 1-3 a 1 4
sd Deital. ee a oe s 4. 1 oe a T
1 — PE J round, . Harrow. cremasta
14 eg 1 1 les. 1 age a. Pe r 1, 1 1-1 a BE. eine
14’ eae 2. + is 5
= i
15 T at 1 2% ¢ an 41, So a Ps ee ee
= oe 7: sy fs
15’ T 1 er 1 ly .* aie ae I ]
7: “ESE af
"4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
18 Lip Sh er sppenit teonlly wisngehe, d 1 i. 7. stigr Ltek d, and the Bi Lina
iy surrogata
19
’ Lip at a A. 1, La GEOR |, oe ee
18 y gular, the stigr
19 Ty on eece oh = ro ee See! Lt as T ahtone
Ay yy SURLY PE
1 | seh, oh Us Po le See | Lt pI Sipe s:
9” beaer = > Les
20 Petal “at, 78 " 21
20° P. 1 a £¢ 1 22
21 Lip with 4 pedunculate, long-ciliate L plumife Ta
21° Li co ers ot: del; Py) roe 31, Sie at |:
— PE intricat ws -)
22 Lip with th i led he anteri in, the appendix obl ciliate. L. conjiuncta
o on rer o nd
22° Lip with th ~ 14 al Peet) es . ee ee .
yd ein, PP
23 PR, A 1, s. ; Nea oh 1 = oy 1 Pa ai ee he 1.1. 94
27? Rami 1, af its Ts7 1. 9 re 48 + 1 +L AOS gin between
lobes 25
24 P 7 on os a | . i. Ay Sse 1, eek
L. stlenus
24° Petal enk ak ce 1 ge ESR dae a0 8 rt... Recs . ow 1
° a > jee EVERY PRUCSLOLLL 2 nerorercsrssnccessecss
sO a L. pteropoe
pa To pen arharamed regular, veil-Lik twisted coh L. deformis
25° Leaf te, well-formed 26
26 Pinas . a Ver Ales? 3.2 1 ah dix al
Lip ply of the column, appendix pedunculate = an apic
‘ = 20ers wee les aaa ae ctilis
a * ° £. b+ L 31 5. 3 3°.
26° Lip with re body bifid apr
pid : Lateral sepals ac acute; pire Spiral apenie stares botesoiensnclns OO sar hence
ateral sep P _raprectunie it esel Lae B SC.
(Sepals entire)
en Leaves suborbicular, wean obtuse or rounded at the ey Giese: ab. =
ns - a lies oe
29 Lip bilobed with Ha waa
29° Lip with or oe Il See Pte SSP ONO reS STE SS eee Eee
PoP ORT OTe Cet ere ese eEe ee Oe ULESSS COS SER ESELSterseeEbeseseees. 32
TOTS OO ee ereeee
9 pails broadl oud wie
SS
ly " ei
LENS LOSERS aetna wii daas focalis
andl 31
aimee
31 Lateral sepal
31° 45a aa tess than 1.5 mm long.............L. semilaminata
Titres iceesssnmrarsithossoemavnionesoespeesaccoedke
eee Stetwenetete eapeee cee eteeesesnenestettertenan: +99 FOS t ee eerees
32 Lip with blades thin, held above the
32° Lip with seth tae Lo
Pi Heme ers tteevhst rch swreprenimcenecnsiisebiscersesieencacersiosc hh
33 Lip with a — eal piece
wien re sine e) ANSE S UE aa woseenessaesesessensereeeeale, COMTNQENS
34 Petals with lower
34’ Petals with oe pce appendix small, ws cepregaae tT seek. reventador
ppendix large, forked at the the apex... sereerenesassensevseds, DENZENGIL
35 Lip with blades sebideas UO
CNR
wteeeeetenaseseresecseesesesn ese SF
35° Lip with blades not not longitudinally soteennerecbarseoesecssenveciscccseseersorces DD
36 Lip with the ye SR Oe pee : gis ps
36” Lip with the apex of the blea PR Np aataticee omamrinac en eM wageneri
Mg ie rastalisemeena ree et aN perdita
a in with blades long-ciliate along i inner margin,
37° Lip with blades not long-ciliate._
Sliema 37
vet ehensunedeneptneteerintoasesseeriesseseeessecens
*
Fe hee ne teetitteniatrhinehonsstveaes weiss oo. tonnes ea menatot
DR riswtenmaiene en eS ee
+780 Orn Tes eee,
ernersseeessseseerseseessesee IB
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 25
38 Li d L. megalostele
38’ pa with blades secon than cole 39
39 Petals witk ipp lot ct, acute AO
39° Petals with upper lobe obtuse, rounded 46
Pet: 1 +1, PP = 1 ng in 1 f 1 Al
40” t 1 + PP Ls a i 1 " 1 42
41 Petals with upper lot ly i dix with te gig ene oe
1
as
Dp, 1 “+1 ye | 1 s 7 AS 1 + . deflexed
4 res as ~~ oe 7 aes J
bb. ae ted nedicel: L. ctenophora
a - ¥ LA
42’ Leaves ovate inat t b-like with elongated pedicel 43
43 Lateral sepals with apices diverging ca. 180°; di forked L. fissa
a +. a a. i 3 %
43° Lateral sepals with ap ging; apy 5 44
44 Petals h both lob | inate; PE dix short. brush-like L. papyrophylla
44’ P t 1 Un a ee : zt = g' h 45
tera e + _ (a. = Se +ehk
45 I 1 p 1 date; pp Pp L. glomerosa
45° Lateral p ] te; apr dix ] ge, with p b t, apical gland...ssscssceseeseeneeeL camptica
46 Ds.) ats +. 3 aL . 441 47
46” Detal. Pep -P i. al 4 eh a by AR
47 Petals lot ded, subequal L. binaria
47° Petals with upper lob blique, larg L. sulcata
48 D. 1 ay a 1 rl A at tte 49
48° P t * ~ sl = ; om L ; = ts. - a | = 50
af cA
49 Petals with upper lot te, | lobe triangular, acute; lip with connectives very broad ...............
49’ Petals with upper lobe broadly subfalcate, variable, lower lobe oblong from a broad base; lip with
s _ a +h sddl L monitor
50 Petals with ad 1 lobul ait gin; apr dix elongate, deflexed L. eriocampa
50’ P t 1 7 ies 3 3 Badcal, 51
51 Petals with } < ers . y; lig a ae prot di ig L jamboensis
51’ Not the above 52
52 Petals +) 1 > io L 4 + La Me » Pe ee oe gl T calliope
52° Not the above ‘
53 ae 1 1 ente lonc-acumimate L antiopa
53” rr 1 = zt pos 7 ig 54
&
34 > ote cere apnoea aga ider than a lateral sepal L. imitator
54’ Dorsal 1 i t to“ 1 £ 1 55
55 A dix minute, bilobulate L. via-incarum
> a 2 + . 56
55° App
A di tif L. setife
pod Finite A: * oot we
ss
57 Appendix intricate, ith pi 1 gi 1 bigl jul L. intricata
57° App Ps rs] m t and def d L. xunenae
26 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Inflorescence s short, 28 gear
plant large,
1 Sep oS Sere Saute fale. 2
op } 1]
21 ye ee Ajnfl, rf <a Lin 2b coe ee, ae | * oe - 3 ae y bl 5] T vellicata
i ih 3 4 * ence, att 5 PS | 1 al A 5e; lip ot leg 15 OEE 2
3 Sepals te i ith api i L. hirtzii
s mi 2 .
3 Sepals not iin ae 4
LJ La
4 Sepals tall. ail d li : L. chimaera
4 Sepals not tall = hee at
5 Pe win pee at wih 6
5° Petals with 10
6 Petals with upper lobe narrowly triangul 7
6” Petal.
+.
PE ely ouqguelry truncate, or angi ‘3
7 Petals with both lobes narrowly i L. vibrissa
7 sf Petals with upper lobe narrowly tri 1 a lower lobe sh rt, transverse. t tungurahuae
8 D .o sa V4 1. bh sh. oh*. 2t. 2 , os es #h 2
tr ca ase
neeeeesees. L. hymenontera
8’ Petals with ie! ee a Beene s lie 1: Bee Dar a en ae on May 9
tr e) 7 Soo ee
9 Petals with the outer apical angle el acute, lower lob g gular......L. odobenella
> Petals with the inner apical angle elongate, acute, variable, anal hort, oblique
PF F8e BES Serene. faditectethedeadh di She Ul
IM Dasnl. rs o. LAL b ba LA ae 1 eT hd
> Lip f th long , decurved; appendix long-
Pedunculate....... Sassen iboeerasensenene rrervervrsnenernseencine enonnennseoronen L. cremasta
10° Petals narro b ilp t f IE , bilobulate
a an entent tee epee ctemnironltaiairwesealoceactaiest Tilia lysine cc eae caudatise,
1 Plant stout, ascending -repent; lip with blades Lo. Sena L. repens
iP Plant caespitose; lip with blades not truncate.. 12
12 Leavee cheuntn: I = q . [yet
ee ee 1:
Poee PERSO Con ees Seeneeeesoneceteee cee
= MARS Cscsers erence. eo 14
12 Leaves dliioalio occas <5 13
PORMOCUSREDIL SOS PEDESe EeeSeS senses teen, Th 98e eee ees e:
Lip with lan. a
ro tisha eran catin of Clin nb icina
vpn visibly pubescent, apices with slender tails...
icant tatos seen teneevenceenseosneenicocenssisiieniiiedsaacses |S
Lateral sepals not visibly pubescent, apices not with slender tails...... aes yah wkd
15 Lateral
15° a nsoesraeasrsnencshcscveatbauleceecnsoesei .L. xenos
I ails cnsenerseoniosiiaacas-ci 16
16 Lateral senale } oe Sees
16” Lateral senal ee ee Short, UNCIMALE. sane srrserevereseseds, NEVER
fe; & RETA. sce ccesseserene rene, PRNRCEREES, 7 j
17 Lateral cena}. kk ar 1 1 ae
17’ Lateral sepal bove the bese pena lower lobe obliquely Ob10Ng eewnunL. magnifica
ly rounded.....L. stupenda
18 Lateral sepals widely diverging ..
18° Lateral Gere Skene eR Reeaaanammee girs
19 Lip with blades with longitudinal caring; Bane cer
19° Lip with blades not carinate... cai; ple not camdam Micnocoelinrstnieib es sisasiosirae BO
MOS ee Resse ereees:
‘ Gent eetta selene betes FOUTOR SO FET Pte eree, TOT SOO SHE TTD SSS t er eseEeH eee oF |
ateral senale uri, ”
20° Late sepals with pe ave 9 100°; wih per ay ai came
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
re
Datal + a
22 pub en deeply or lapping, glab pically put L. actias-luna
22’ Petals with PE i ig, pubescent. L. athena
23 oe ae 1, thick orion
2a Li body thi L. saltator
24 Petals with both lobes narrowly L. papyrophylla
24” Petals not 25
25 Lip with blades thickly 6
25° Lip Son. Be 3 + +1... ,1-1. 77
26 T at, 1 p : ee | ply connate Lp pi + ly obtuse; lip “sh. Ld heal idle
L il
26’ I +, 1 p 1 ve 41 <+i, api i ; lip 28. 2.9. 3 1 Lae eT
27 Lip with blades long-ciliat 4 28
>Ts a oe | el sa : .
27 Lip g 4 29
28 Li ie: le: fide. + = , = T
i i
28’ £.& ee Rag ra Pe! A. Pd ait eh T ricina
a co o
29 Lip with the L body thick La | ie eS be | +, a. ip iP 66 , Se T 71, the. 71
29” Lip not as above
EL Py See
30 Ce pai
30’ I
L. mammilata
3]
31 Petals with
broadly subfalcate, variable, lower lobe oblong from a broad
L. monitor
base; oa mally tang
31” Petals
32 Petals with at ina bet
. lower lobe narrowly
L. carinata
oblong
32’ Not as above
34
33 Lateral sepals broadly obtuse with short, broad, diverging api
33° Not as above
35
34 D 1 p 14 dly Ries > app di il, triangular. L gargantua
34’ Dorsal sepal acute; appendix oblong with a bifid, apical gland..............ssecsssssesseensseseneeseends. CAYSI
35 Dorsal sepal narrowly triangular, | bt dix broadly triangular............L. ballatrix
35’ Dorsal sepal obtuse, shortly acuminate, lateral open acute, hortly 36
36 P a ans the Ioh ; ape di inut m bilobulate L caudatisepala
36° Dent? + a4 = oe ; app Tl iL 1 L. titanica
28 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes absens Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 1
Ety.: From the Latin absens, “ Fares © add hc cheeet appa.
re. ro - + = at Py SAS, SERA 2 + snato h
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, es roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5.5-7 cm long,
enclosed by 10- rape , lepanthiform orm sheaths. Leaf erect, co: coriaceous, ovate, acute,
long-acuminate, ainate, 4.5-5 cm long, 1,3-1.5 cm wide, th le 1-1.5 mm
long. Infl d, distichous
3 or more mm
long, b top of the leaf by a sl duncl Ty ae ted anne, muriculate;
pedicel 1mm long: ovary | mm long; sepals light yellow, denticulate, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate
obtuse, abruptly short-acuminate, 3 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the
inten spat ovat oboe, 3mm lng, 2mm wide, coma | mm, the apices abruptly shor acuminate
‘ging; p E sversely bil ee en lee
Be aE te at aa ‘TA eas e lower
prereset ede sunny chee tp re, bana, the amie obi, 2mm on, the pie
subacute, minutely ciliate, the bases obtuse
a pti body ick, cme te aw fhe lh, th str rrface conc,
Pastaza: north of Topo, epiphytic in forest along Rio Zufiag, alt. 2200 m, 23 Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz, S.
ee prea Del Hierro, E Astorga, S. Ortega & J. Cabezas 4697 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer
Thi ies is known from a single collection on the eastern slope of central
Ecuador. It is characterized by the congested inflorescence shorter than the ovate,
acuminate leaf; broad, obtuse, denticulate sepals; transversely bilobed petals with an
obtusely angled upper lobe and a triangular lower lobe; oblong blades of the lip
with a thick body concave on the anterior margin without an apparent appendix.
Bia esly ey use Phytologia 54: 326, 1983.
Ety.: From Acarina, the order mites, in allusion to the the little, red, prickly flowers. side
ced ch tg ap eee ally 2 seen eer ‘a gat meet
elliptical-ov ate, subacute to obtuse, 7-10 um long, 4-6 mm wide, the rounded base :
mm long, bome by a capillary pedicel up to 10 oe ‘oraipaaeigty
icate, | mm
we margin od cali ing: ovary 15 mm long; sepals yellow or red, minutely seruat
dintoa
3-10
the in the
apical portion deflexed, the bass ootne 4, pubescent, constricted above the middle with the
stigma ventral. m » Column stout, 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the
Carchi: forest between
Hierro, A. Hirt: &X Hire, MO), beta alt 1400, 17 Mar 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, J. Del
lim 5 in S118 (QMO) ee and Maldonado, alt.
& T. Héijer 9918 (MO). alt. 2050 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C.
Pichincha: epiphytic in cloud forest » A. Hirtz 1927 (MO).
1979, C. Laer J. Lier & A Hirt 4399 (Helenype, State, net Cancer, akc. 000m, 2
and La Libe: : . T. Héijer & J.
10014 (MO); same sn tt 220 m, 7 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirts, §. Kult 901 (0), ever
between Nono and Tandayapa, alt. TF
; A. Hirtz, C, & P.
alt. 2250 m, 24 Feb. 1985, U. Molau & L. ‘Shonan Daten i
ri eri il Wash cereal esr dure ae Ga Uh ee oa ifs 2 8a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 29
road between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 2100 m, 31 Mar. 1984, oe Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém, T.
Hoi wile tena ope same area, alt. 2450 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, A. Hirtz & A.
Embree 12057 (MO); Lloa, alt. 2750 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2056 (MO).
Spc enin ei in 1200 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &
W. Flores 11235 (MO); Volcan Reventador, alt. 1850 m, 8 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Flores & A. Embree 11709 (MO).
io Negro, alt. 1150 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 11186 (MO).
Morona-Santiago: between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. 2150 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. — : A. Embree 11846 (MO); eoeotinea a2 alt. 1500 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
irtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11868 (MO); at the pass orth of Gualaquiza, alt. 1800 m, 30 Jan. 1986, S.
Dalstrim & T. pe er 1123 (MO); Cordillera ‘del Condor, east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb.
1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11901
Loja: above Yangana, alt. 2400 m, 23 Mar. 1988, Cc Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10882
(MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: east of the pass between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2000-2500 m, 21-25 Jan. 1992,
C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, P. & A. Jesup 16073, 16149 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 1900 m, 23 Mar.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10847 (MO); Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros,
alt. 1550 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13447 (MO); same
area, 4 21 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. peated = P. "har amet anita
Cauca, Narifi
una (Canchah ha}
\ f
Although uncommonly found in herbaria, this diminutive species is one of the
most common in the genus in the Andes. It is usually overlooked or ignored be-
cause of its size. It usually grows on mossy twigs, often in association with other
small pleurothallids. Lepanthes acarina is easily recognized by the tiny habit with
the minute, spiculate flowers borne in a subcongested raceme beyond the apex of
the leaf. Frequently racemes will also be found bearing fruit.
Lepanthes actias-luna a & aa Lindleyana 2: 30: 1987.
Fig. 3.
Actias lunal
Plan large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 9-25 cm long, enclosed by 9-
16 ae eta lepanthiform ak Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, oblong ig-ovate, , obtuse, » shostly
acuminate, 8- -12 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, th Pp p 4-7
mm long. I d, distichous, fl to 10 mm long,
ind the leaf by a filifc peduncl 25:35 mm log: foal bts Sma ong F dicels 0.75
mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; pals ligt acute, 7.5 mm
long, 4 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral eae ania hee aan , oblique,
obtuse, » diverging, 7.5 mm long, 5 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1.5 mm; petals yellow with
red-purpl y pubescent, transversely bilobed, the wpper lobe —
cuneate, subtruncate, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, ith
lower lobe transversely oblong, truncate. i pe a Gs cadartuon cael oie
into a slender, long-acuminate tail ca. 4mm long; Up light brown, blaminate, the blades narrowly ovate,
acute, glabrous, 1.6 mm long the body broad, connate to the column
sbove the base, the sinus broad fepwearieymeety lage, intricate sp aren pone be a
ong
“Ss?
te cece eee te Gian eo
El Oro: epiphytic in cloud f bel nee reigning. erage ery C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. Flores 10676 (Holotype: MO); ab a pr. 1989, cultivated in Chamblee,
GA, F L Stevenson 89-1217-1 (MOQ).
This remarkable aie from southwestern Ecuador is closely allied to L.
athena from northernmost Ecuador. Vegetatively it is large with the flower borne
in a congested raceme behind the leaf. The dorsal sepal is narrow and acute; the
lateral sepals are the acuminate apices diverging. The petals are distinc-
tive with abruptly long-acuminate, recurving, tails of the lower lobes resembling the
tails of a luna moth. The upper lobes are short-tailed on their upper, inner corner.
30 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
The upper lobes overlap above the column, The ovate blades of the lip are broadly
cuneate. The appendix is an intricately contrived mechanism with a bilobed apical
Lepanthes actias-luna is best distinguished from L. athena by the larger flowers
with broad, overlapping, caudate, upper lobes, and lower lobes abruptly contracted
into a slender, glabrous tail.
aculeata Luer, se Ast 327, 1983. Fig. 4.
Ety.: From the Latin aculeatus, “ Gi iatehks,* ti. itisbnch t0 the vedeesurtans of the ical.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-7.5 cm long, enclosed
by 7-15 long-ciliated, lepanthiform sheaths with widely dilated osti a. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate,
slightly acuminate, acute, 17-28 mm long, 10-14 mm wide, t th d by
a Ve ate ae ee wy ‘= t, the
r J
than Be Pe |
canes cngsitd scconvly an lowered cane, wpo 20m ng bose a
5-10 mm long, al i apg ate -1.25 mm long;
ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals green green suffused with red, or red-purple with margins,
ovate, obtuse, »more or less concave, denticulate, » carinate-denticulate, the dorsal sepal 2-2.5 mm long,
1753 25 Pp 0.5-0.75 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, e, 1.5-2.5 mm
ate 175-2 mm wide, connate 1 mm; petals red
versely bilobed, 0.8 mm long, 2.6-3.25 mm wide, the apache sivas obtuse, tho lower bobs
narrowly , obtuse; , Mi y pubescent, , the
eee 1.3- -1.5 mm long, the spices narrowly incurved, uncinate, acute, cite, the bates rounded, the
preeniraet e connate to the column
above the appendix shaped, recurved, flexibly ed to n
cum co stat ede . vine Js en tama
Pichincha: “Quito,” A. Karsten s.n. Ww).
» alt. ca. 1500 m, 10 Aug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
Hirtz & A. Andreetta 3203 (H (Holotype: SEL); NW of El Chaco, alt. 1400 m, 12 Nov. 1980, G. Harling &
L. Andersson 16500 (GB); Borja, alt. UeatM Wi mere tta 1940 (MO); al
ie ta apa OR nin ny 30 - pachre
850 m, 8 Feb. 1986, C. Luer es
tiol 1-2 mm long. Inflores-
Arcee 120m, 13 Ap 1985, Lae. A Hirtz & W. Flores 11216
: taza east
11192 (MO), Rio Negro, alt. 1150 m, 12 Apr. 1 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Calagris, alt. 1650 m, 4 Nov. 1982, C. Luer, R. Escobar & D. D’ Alessandro
8279
cet ag omer eo 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. vaca W. Flores & A.
above Valladolid, alt. 2000 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstr
J. Kuijt & D. D'Alessandro 95 9598 (MO); Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encnentres ect oust
Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14039 (MO), + vases
Also Peru (Amazonas).
se ws aculeata is relatively frequent on the eastern slopes of the Andes of
uador : Peru. The ihe prickly-rugose leaves with minutely fringed margins are
immediate oe i =the dha denticulate and
y be. Theconnectnesof eI ioe a
ih Seck hard ae eilakces
‘he column; and the large, hinged appendix is flexibly hinged in the a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 31
Lepanthes adelphe Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 5.
Ety.: From the Greek adelphe, “‘a sister,” to the similarity of the sympatric speci
a okanee Luer affinis, d foliis angust ti tis longioribus, is densioribu
brevioribusqu 12 ac a> a> lehalt: 1 o WwW [a ; ee ee
medium in size, epiphytic, cacspitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 6-16 cm long,
enclosed by 6-11 eee ith ciliated ostia. Leaf erect, coria-
ceous, narr
owly ovate, acu ffused with le b 1 gp ba daha nad a nae
= =
he,
Inm ong
flowered raceme up to 30 mm long, borne behind the leaf bya filiform pore 3-5 mm long; ‘floral
a 1.5 mm long; pedicels 1-1.5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals ay ceaienes carinate, ovate,
culate, the dorsal sepal subacute, acuminate, 6.5 mm long, 4mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals
fr Im, te aera spas oblique, cbse ably contracted i o slender tails 1 mm long, 7 mm long,
2.25 mm wide, 1-veined, connate 4 mm; petals coarsely glandular bilobed, 1.25
mm long, 4.75 mm wide, the lobes — = bag nada the os rounded lip purple, bilaminate, the
blades thick, ly glandular-ce!
coarse!
the connectives short, thick, from the hg of oe blade, eg metieay a broad, thick body, connate to the
column above the base, the sinus acute with a small, ovoid appendix; column 2 mm long, the anther
dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Past f long Rio Zuiiag, alt. 2000 m, 23-28 Feb. 1990, A. Hiriz, S. Dalstrém, J. Del Hierro
etal. a nae
phytic in cloud forest east of Yangana, alt. 3100 m, 22 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
sie =” w. Flores 10783 (MO). —
a i tw Zamora, alt. 2750
m, an Mar. 1985, Cc. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10698 (Gia: san same area, alt. 2600 m,
21 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, P. & A. Jesup 16071 (MO)
This species grows sympatrically with L. otara with which it is closely allied.
Although very similar, in the field the two species are readily separable. The leaves
of L. otara are more or less oblong and blunt, while those of L. adelphe are narrow-
ly ovate and acute. The racemes of L. otara are loosely flowered and as long as or
longer than the leaf, while those of L. adelphe are subdensely flowered and about
half the length of the leaf. The petals of L. adelphe lack the marginal angle seen in
L. otara, and the blades of the lip of L. adelphe are covered with prominent, papular
cells
a aeora Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 32, 1987 Fig. 6.
the Greek aiora, ‘“‘a hammock or a swing,” referring to the appearance of the appendix.
Plant very ead epiphytic, — roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-10 mm long,
enclosed by 3-4 lepanthiform sheaths with minutely scabrous ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical,
subacute, 8- 12 mm mm long, 5-6.5 mm wide, the base cuneate into a 1 mm long petiole. Inflorescence a
a congested few-flowered eee 1-2 mm long,
bome by filiform peduncle up to 16 mm long; floral bract 1.25 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary
costate, 1 — img; sepals yellow, suffused wi red along the veins, a _ extemally, the
tail, 4 mm wide, Conate othe lateral pls for mm, the trl spas ote, oblique, subacute, con
nate 4.5 mm, th ap mm long, ‘5 ae keg etediog ie
tls, 5 mm ide together, petals red, mi ically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 4 mm
take 3.1 eae See Tah. narrowly triangular, acute;
ip re, laminate, the laminae microscopically pubescent, ovate, pricking bern fey si with
column above the
aa
mide bok ie sigma he ind With oa oe membranous :
by eee ents ey
GGUS
an. Se ae Secu: 1. A a a, ae eh. "= A, 3 ot. 4 ventral
os? oF . _
32 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ytic in ol fete Remeotedcr alt. 1850 m, 8 Feb. 1986,
Cian ben | Bamves A. pea fee LP Oki MO
This tiny plant with an over-sized flower is similar to that to L. caudata as well
as some other very small species with large flowers. The sepals, however, are
smooth instead of denticulate. Otherwise, the flower does not seem particularly
distinctive unless the minute appendix is examined with a binocular microscope.
The appendix is developed into a peculiar ovoid structure about 0.5 mm long sus-
pended by a pair of the finest spider-weblike threads from the rounded sinus of the
body of the lip. It swings loosely immediately beneath the stigma because the lip is
connate to the shaft of the column above the middle just below the stigma. The
body of the appendix is membranous, minutely ciliate and concave with a solid,
more or less ovoid callus with a pair of microscopic processes toward the base. At
the apex of the appendix a solid, horseshoe-shaped structure points upward or
inward to the central callus. The reasons for the adaptation of such an intricate
£
ig! beyond Our present
agglutinata Luer, Phytologia 52: 327, 1983. ig. 7.
Ety.: ee glued together,” referring to the blades of the lip.
Syn.: L bar, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 53: 922, 1984.
Ety.: as ap rea far ’ in reference to the leaves.
Diane
lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-18
cm Jing eso by 8-16 minal cep thiform sheaths. Leaf e thinly coriaceous, often
» ovate, acute, long-acuminate, te, 4-9 “
comsediion® pel 24mm cohen ah cm long, Ueticd tat coe one,
by a slender 10-25 mm lon , along the
a Somme ean ovary 2-3 mm long, ninth spas
carinate, with minut utely di acute, shortly
page dorsal sepa broadly ovate-trianguar, 5.5-6 mm long, 4.25-5 mm wide, connate to the lateral
‘3 Hique ging, 5.5-6.5 mm long, 5 manlelde,
; petals green with the upper upper margin dark purple, shortly pubescent, transversely
the upper stig im toe ma lg cap gen rb -
a tN = —* with rounded ends, 15-1 15 mm long,
ie a connate aso the column he sins tse appendix relativ vely large, Imm
Leen preEp concave, truncate-retuse, with a a ciliated, apical gland; column 1.5-2 mm long, the
Sucumbies: forested above
Peraiaran2i5e@%0). La Bonita, alt. 2300 m, 15 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K.
Sept. 1984, Hire BIZ ORE 2000 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1897 (MO); San Juén, alt. 2800 m,
eck yon apr y ear toed ag 1800 m, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2100 (MO);
=k ax car J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11249 (MO); Volcan
158d alt 1400m, 5 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz & A. Andreetia 1960 (MO); Ric 300 m, Dec.
GO} Holin Lot, at 1000, Nov. 19 1988, A. Hirtz 3 ‘ip
ie ona ta use and Limén, alt. “air m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
paces (MO); between Macas ‘ ;
cela fetta eersareetee
“< 1100 m, 23 May 1988, eague 13550 (MO),
EI
Teague 13620 (MO), C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W.
A Hire 12023 O40) Cosa
(MO); Cordillera del
vice hr A. Andreetia & W. Teague 13303 (M0). 1300 m, 20 May 1988, C. Luer, A.
Colombia (Santander, » Antioquia, Narifio),
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 33
This species is frequent and widely distributed in Colombia and Ecuador. It is
easily identified by the very congested, many-flowered raceme that lies behind the
leaf that is commonly suffused with purple; rather large, translucent flowers with
emerald green petals edged in dark purple, with a slender lobule on the outer mar-
in; and a pair of thin, membranous blades of the lip that are adherent over the
ane The blades are borne near their apices by narrow, oblique connectives.
The appendix is comparatively large and boat-shaped.
Lepanthes allector Luer, Phytologia 54: 328, 1983. Fig. 8.
Ety.: From the Latin allector, “‘an enticer,”’ in reference to the intricate appendix.
t small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 2.5-5 cm long, en-
po by 6-9 close, minutely scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect erect , thinly sm si
acuminate, acute, 20-36 mm long, 8-14 mm wi wide, th 2 mm long
Infl g, borne ate filiform n peduncle rr mm
k side of the leaf: fl pppoe seni pip i ae aa pea
sais hie suffused with purple — glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, 3.1 mm long, 2.75
mm wide. mm long, 2
mm wide, connate 1 mm; petals ye! llow-orange, suffused with red, long-pubescent, transversely bilobed,
0.66 mm long, 2.66 mm wide, the lobes oblong, subequal, with the apices rounded; lip white with red
bilaminat e, the blades ovate, I. 3 mm long, the apices acute, — the bases rounded,
the cuneate with gl g e body connate to the
base of the column, the e appendix a 2-winged d carried by me curved, , Straplike band
from the sinus; column 1 mm long, ie anther dorsal, the sea
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in cloud forest between Gualaceo and Limon, alt. 2050 m, 29 Oct.
1982, C. Luer, R. Escobar & A. Pozo 8229 (Holotype: SEL); above San Juén Bosco, alt. 1850 m, 28 Mar.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10989 (MO).
This species is local and endemic in southeastern Ecuador. Vegetatively similar
to many other species, L. allector is identified by the broad, smooth sepals, long-
pubescent petals, and a lip with prominent angles on the front margins of the con-
nectives between which the complicated appendix emerges. The appendix consists
of a pubescent, bi-alate, terminal gland borne from the sinus by an “S-shaped”
Lepanthes alopex Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. ay Fig. 9.
Ety.: From the Latin alopex, “a fox,” referring to the long-haired, taillike appendi
Diant. Pr a ae een tai oe 4. , 2 re Je, kh at
is pl i be g . , sepalis ovatis, p 1 nA lobatis t iput ibus, lobo
ee ee ee a bl c to, labelli laminis | is brevipubescentibus,
ie a Sn ve i 3: 1 : ° ies Ld 1 ie 1. mF is ) Be | =
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, e; roots numerous, filamentous. Ramicauls erect to
suberect, very slender, 5-9.5 cm long, stad te 10-12 lepanthiform sheaths with dilated, shortly ci-
liate ostia. Leaf erect, more or less suffused with red, thinly c coriaceous, ovate, acute, acuminate, 3-45
cm long, 1-1.7 cm wide, th J int
Pee ures: long-pedicellate, cacoatiay may flowered raceme wp t 13 wa ong, bore on op af
25-40 2; 1.5 mm long; pedicels 2.5 mm long; ovary 1
mm long: flowers red-purple; sepals ovate, subacute, entire, subcarinate, the dorsal sepal 2.75 mm long,
1.75 " mm, pals oblique, 2.5 long, 1.25
, connate 1.5 petal yp ly bilot SRA Se sa at
lake dnlehmfnarm th 1 sh are ta hI ong, in-
curved, obtuse; lip minutely pubescent, bilaminate, the blades ovate-Iunate with the apices acute, _
mm long, the connectives cuneat y,
caveat oko aah. emetine, tanh be oblong, | g-pub ppendix with th i
landular, column
Pe
34 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ML. ¢. ei. 2 1 A £, ay Ge eS Anal ( A f Gui é, alt. 1600 m, 4
Feb. 1987,C. Luer, J. wat & A. Hirtz 12622 (Holotype: MO); same area, en May 1988, C. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13536 (MO); same area, 18 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11893 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in the Cordillera del Condor of southeastern
Ecuador. The peduncles of L. alopex are about as long as the leaves, but the con-
gested, long-pedicellate racemes with a small, red-purple flower usually hang over
the margin near the apex, in a manner similar to L. vespertilio. The most
distinguishing feature of L. alopex is the long, bushy-tailed appendix, reminiscent of
the appendix of L. alkaia Luer & Escobar, from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia.
Lepanthes alopex differs in the larger habit, longer peduncles and pedicels, and red,
entire sepals.
we ponderosa Bot. Mus. Leafl. 10: 121, 1942. Fig. 10.
Ety.: From the Latin alticola, “a dweller of high places,” cee sehen,
Syn.: Lepanthes dipteryx Luer Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 96, 1
Ety.: From the Greek dipteryx, Meomea™ Dace astente.
Plant small, epi eons roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-25 mm long,
3-4 shortly ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, — elliptical, acute,
le tameone including a petiole 2-8 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, the b ly
* . . : cm long
nding the snr fife plane or at scape imply Skee Li 2st pedicel
3 mm long; ovary | mm long; scent prapedoet ae. the dorsal
sepal » 7 mm long, 2.6 mm wi ral sepals
rothare detonate ether tonite mm; petals relies
yellow, fleet
red medially, glandular-cellular, transversely bilobed, 1 6 eh Mig: 535 umn wick, the lobes obliquely
ely list, 2mm le, with» otic isa sh pee bilobate, the lobes thick, subovate,
defined blade from the the lobes connate to the col i A cates
a body fi i anicnilate ha oh ,
ae —_—e Crepes, PF Dts ti saea selene octet
Azuay: epiphytic ¢ in scrubby vegetation above ‘¢ Lago Zorrogucho, alt. 3250 m, 16 Mar. 1
3 984, C.
Sac ee KA 0523 (type of L. dipteryx: MO MO); same sada dai SO a. 15 Feb.
marshy pL pit onlnedcte 511787 (MO); oud to Molitro, alt. 1
epiphytic in ell rece cnn bvaticnat} & L Orchids, Easton, CT, J & L 1288-302 (Mo).
9665 (MO) imbura, alt. 3000 m, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt
de Sabanilla, east east of pass, road to V;
a “rs 21501 (GB) alladolid, alt. 2800 m, 4 Feb. 1985,
Harlin, Pea epiphytic in cloud forest south
ROR C. Luer, J J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W Fisk Emer BOI
6 (MO).
Th fie een...
buted and locally abundant in the
high Andes from southern Southern Ecuador into Bolivia, Flexuous racemes far surpass the
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 35
Lepanthes amphioxa Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 11.
: From the Greek amphyoxys, “sharply pointed at both ends,” referring to the petals.
Diese. ae jek Sy a+, infloreecentia ta foli b init viridibu
_ ek palis vatis denticulatis, petali oe lobatis, lobis triangularibus
acutis,labelli laminis ovatis, ctivi tis, PP dice grandi blong: pi btusa longi iliat,
Plant small, weak, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls suberect, — slender, 15-7. 5
cm long, enclosed by 5- Bal claneny fitting, glabrous | epanthiform sheaths, with the os
scabrous. Leaf spreading, brown thinly coria-
ceous, ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, 2 fies mm on 68 _— sf the apex long-acuminate, promi-
nently tridentate, th 1 mm 1 Inflorescence a congested , dis-
tichous 1-fi d to4 long, bor on top of the leaf by a filiform
eae floral bracts 1 mm long, ‘lightly echinate ; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary 1 mm long;
sepals yellow, ovate, subacute, denticulate, the dorsal sepal 2. 75 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate to
2.5 mm long, 1.4 mm wide, connate 1 I Sag erm
orange, microscopicall y pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0.75 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the lobes oblique-
ly triangular, acute nd PP , bilaminate, the blades
ovate, ste not co oe column DL mm long, the connectives cuneate, forming a very narrow ly
column, the sinus obtuse, the appendix large, descending, pubescent, oblong
th
ovoid, the apex pal with a dense tuft of cilia; column 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the eas
ventral.
1 iw + Yee 5 a a ee g do =F a habi, alt 1250 m, 19
= ee e Luer, E oer H. Dodson, A. Hirtz, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12440 (Holotype: MO);
. Luer et al. 12441, 12444 (MO); same area, alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer &
A. A. Hires 15175, 15176, 15180 (MO).
This little species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is charac-
terized by very thin, weak ramicauls; spreading, narrowly ovate leaves suffused
with red but with a the margins green; transverse petals with both lobes long-point-
ed; a bilaminate lip with the very small laminae flanking the column; and a large,
oblong, descending appendix with a tuft of long hairs on the rounded apex.
Lepanthes andreettae Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 442, 1993. ene Fig. 12.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-8 mm long, enclosed by
2-3 loose, microscopically ciliate. a aeeees sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, aca: 12-16
mm long, 6-8 mm wide, the b le 2-3 mm long. Inflorescence a distichous,
uccessively several- to many-fl d to 9 cm lon: ep emer nse rmniNe tir 15-20 mm
rsal narro e, 7mm wi
prea for a 5 mm, the lateral Is mi ically denticulate, narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate,
oblique, 8 mm long, 3 mm wi wide togeth r, connate 3 mm , the apices in apposition; petals pale rose,
microscopically pubescent, pave irl biobed, 0. 75 mm ‘ong, 2.6 mm wide, the lobes triangular, the
lobe 1 lip bilam I ly ovate, 2 mm long, the bases rounded,
the apices acute, _ -acuminate, microscopically pabescent, the connectives narrow, w, from the base of
the blades,
Me di t with the sti Sie ciaie tae te dled tie
stigma ventral.
Morona-Santiago?: Without locality, collected by A. Andreetta, p renin in p es east of
Paute, flowered in cultivation at Paute by A. Andreetta, C. Luer 13855 (Holotype: MO
This species was collected by Father Andreetta, probably east of Paute, and
cultivated by him at the mission near Paute. It is distinguished by the small habit
and a successively flowered raceme much longer than the leaves. The flowers are
comparatively large but narrow with sepals, the laterals in apposition.
36 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
The blades nett the li ly ovate with the connecti ising at the base.
The appendix is d d up to be intimately associated with the stigma.
Lepanthes andrenoglossa (Lepantt ta) Fig. 13.
(Pin ac ete Lae Fig. 14.
Ety.: From the Latin angulatus, “angled, at gin of the pet
Planta spitosa, infl ti gesta foliis ovatis breviore, sepalis ovatis inte-
gris r a ahr he eR Pp . ok oe = 1: en supra m2 lobum inferior-
> i) —o
es aon Tehelli 1 m1 }, 4¢ anice lohbniatie connectivic t ppendice
. ap * —)
. * oT
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots numerous, slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 10-16 mm
og ld Sal pe lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suffused with purple
niet eee ee -13 mm wide, the base rounded or cordate, contracted
4
. Ld -
long, bome behi d uncle 4-5 mm long: floral pi u , 1 mm long; pedi-
mieiSoae tne oar ts k ll eaimain entire ] 1 elliptical, sub-
ss sn tong celal perk the lateral
sepa mm long, 2 mm wide,
connate 1.5 mm; said velkcomnee. e, yellow oanion ndhacircneme pubescent, transversely
bed 7m Sg 4.5 mm wide, the outer margin with a @ prominent at the base
gular, narrowly obtuse, the lower lobe narrowly subovate, narrowly
obtus ; lip 5 F pically put bilaminate, the blades obovate, the apices more or less
erly perenne , the i gles sh 1 broadly angled, 2 mm long, the
. vating bove th an, the body connate to the base of the column,
the PP di 3 ly | 4 pubescent, oblong, with th distal , > thick, subtrilobed; column
1.5 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
Vamnane fl, as Cee cae
m, 22 May 1988, C. teat Ae W. Flores, portlet rotten
: MO); sam
area, alt. 2200 m, 5 Mar. 1990, & Daler & Arty 1451 (40 same alt. 2250 m, 25 J; 1992.C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, A. & P. Jesup 16168 (Mi cy cress
and Zamora, alt. an
This little species is apparently endemic in southeastern Ecuador. It is remark-
able fi for the large, decurved angle on the outer margin of the petals. The sepals and
petals are similar to those of L. dictydion Luer & Hirtz. The leaves of L. angulata
are broadly ovate, neither orbicular nor reticulate; the racemes are short and con-
“Tazs hed eh a si 329, 1983. Fig. 15.
in yellow, Pk aye repafouming Coa, a baterty with purple wigs borered
im ih pin de, Rai
msatie eat ae hif Ree ne ARS onbory
sonatas 3-55 em lg, 1-2em wide with widely dilated ostia. Leaf erect,
mm long.
broadly cuneate into Seceesanen see te eh a
Tongs eae $m long, bome i aca v ca meented, , successively ts goa
pedicel 1.25 mm i
the margins entire, long; ovary 3 mm long, sparsely se ton pata pepe cs yo
spiculate along the externally,
minate, 6mm long, Simm wide, cons te ors ing me agile seule, oblique,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 37
acute, acuminate, 6.25 mm long, 2 mm | wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals purple, transversely bilobed, 1mm
long, 3.75 mm wide, the upper lobe ob subtruncate y triangular, narrow! -
obtuse; lip purple, bilaminate, the blades oblong, convex, 2.2 mm long, the ends rounded, the conn
tives seas the — narrow, connate to the base of the —— the appendix reduced to a ao
shallowk ; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the
stigma sie
Cotopaxi: epiphytic in cloud forest west of El Corazén, alt. 1200 m, 18 Feb. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer
& A. Hirtz 4020 (Holotype: SEL).
This pretty species is apparently confined to a small area on the western declivi-
ty of the Andes of central Ecuador. So far, it has not been seen since the original
collection. It is characterized by a congested inflorescence borne behind minutely
ciliate and reticulate leaves, somewhat similar to those of L. pubescens. The
acuminate, shortly tailed sepals are dark purple with entire, yellow margins. The
petals and lip are glabrous, and the appendix is reduced to a minute, concave lobule.
fe Se Se | af +h
Lepanthes aries Luer, Phytologia 54: 329, 1983. Fig. 16.
Ety.: From the Latin aries, “a ram,” referring to th db lip
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; . Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-15 cm tall,
enclosed i 8-11 cape, ciliate, ac. aie: 5. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, oblong, acute,
acuminat e, 5-6.5 cm ong, 1.5-1 ‘83cm ee ee g. Inflorescence a
congested, , bome by a filiform peduncle up to 45 mm long along
the f the leaf: floral bract 1.5 long; edi 1 2.5-3.5 mm long; ovary 2 mm long, sepals orange-
with thi oO i
concave, 7.5 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals oblique,
7.25 mm long, connate 4 mm, 4.5 mm n, ciliate, transversely bilobed, 1.2
mm long, 5 mm wide, the upper lobe elliptic: cal, acuminate, acute, the lower lobe smaller, triangular,
acute; lip rosy brown, meen te the blades oblong, 3mm — the apices short, obtuse, ciliate, the
bases elongate, obtuse, ved, t the body broad, connate to the column
e the middle, th t “em -ayr-anair = gaa ameemercamealon
eh
ix oS spittle te 5mm ae es
> ne,
Imbabura: epiphytic in cloud forest of Selva Alegre, alt. 2730 m, 1 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer &
A. Hirtz 6044 ( (Holotype: SEL); near Apuela, Selva Alegre, alt. 2900 m, Apr. 1986, A. Hirtz 2880A (MO).
This species is rare, apparently endemic in a small area in northwestern
Ecuador. It is recognized by the congested inflorescence borne on a peduncle
nearly as long as the ovate, acuminate leaf; the serrulate, pubescent sepals; the
acuminate petals; the blades of the lip with elongate, recurved bases; and a minute,
tripartite appendix.
Lepanthes momma Loe oe ae Die acs 37: 213, 1986. - 17.
Ety.: From the Greek asoma, “without a body,” f the body of the li
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots filiform. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-35 mm long, en-
closed by 4-5 darkly a tear fitting, minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf suberect to
spreading, coriaceous, th purple, ovate, acute, 18-23 on pew one mm wide, the base
obtuse to rounded, ne speeie " mm long. I
ered raceme up to 4 mm long or longer, Some on po heel by ifm pence 4S am hue;
ical beac | sms ng, sly she epinio pedicel 1.5 mm long; adhere aa a
the dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, 3 mm long, 1.5 mm ag ORE the lateral
segue fa tts ee oe aes onl Ging ae , oblique, obtuse, 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate
mg nan ge, suffused with red medially, minutely pubescent, trans ssversely bilobed, 0.8 mm
long, 2.75 mm i red-orang
paeiner pe iar piece! bilaminate, the he blades ones. obtuse, Sona 1.5 mm ol angel
o
38 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
column, the appendix triangular, acute, concave, Cl m the b Pt eee
tives; column slender, 1 mm long, ciliate, ogee ripe metmea
Morona-Santiage: between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. 2650 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11840 (MO).
J. Luer, A. Hirt: & W. Flores 11295 (Holotype: MOD
d Cosanga, alt. 1800 m, 14 April 1985, C. Luer,
-
This is rare and apparently endemic in the Andes of southeastern Ecuador. It is
characterized by the diminutive habit with a short inflorescence borne behind an
ovate leaf. The sepals are obtuse; the red-orange upper lobes of the petals stand
erect in the flower; and the oblique, diverging blades of the lip are borne by short
connectives with a vestigial body, if my pony at all. The appendix is external,
it protrudes fi us between the connectives.
Lepanthes athena Luer, sp. nov. Fig. 18.
Ety.: Named for the lepidopteran genus Athena, “the dagger-wings,” referring to the petals.
Species haec L. actias-lu l & Hirtz affinis, 1 florit ibus, ] sepalo
* = s x r r o vane
Plant medi lender. R ct, slender to stout,
ae ao sd mjanon sien erage Bee cece cic!
acute, acuminate, 5-11.5 cm long, i tarimn tantra rounded, contracted into a petiole 3-5 mm long.
a cong ively many-flowered raceme up to 20 mm long, borne
behind the la by filiform pence 15-25 mm long floral bracts s 15- ee i . mm long;
Par dt 2; brous, t 4-6.25 mm long, 2.25-
hae emcee cae gona, obtuse, 4-5.5 mm
~ -veined. connate with th 1 4 ™
¢ apices acuminate, diverging; petals yellow
aa har agen awed versel ene 27 am wide, the upper
pri aatal ge ts ti ‘i Tging tail, th
sate leaty. solace ts y acuminate; lip red, bilaminate, he ‘blades glabrous, fat, ovat, 1.3-1.8
a hae 1. a a gs 7 cae , formin a broad
ming a
ii _ ovoid, lilohed appendix; sili
2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest between Tulcan
leak and Maldonado, alt. 2300 m, 2-4 1984, C.
Dubin 87 He 93) le MO sane area, alt. 2,400 m, 2-4 Apr. 1984. Luer, S.
Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9942 (MO); same 1600 a
; same m, 16 Mas. 1991, C. Luer etal. 15089 0);
Mee ee ined Chi i 140 aly 1 1991, flowered in cultivati baat Chamiien, GA. PL
70 alt. 2200 m, 11 Jan. 1993, A. Hirtz
Also Colombia (Naritfio).
: This _— an northernmost Ecuador and southern Colombia had been
onsidered conspecific with Lepanthes actias-luna from the province of El Oro in
osm: gaalan However, now that more material has been been examined, it is
c eget x — robe distinct from L. actias-luna to be rec-
gnize at y © species are inseparable from many of the large
The flow
oS athena are distinguished from those of L. actias-luna by their
the petals with incurvin - : e
a a. i apices, “ ‘bsg lobes = ovis with short, diverging
L. mengratney are similar, peawcconng! i tars oe he comacse
differs, that of L. anthena consisting of a smaller ovoid body bilobed at the apex ae
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 39
— auriculata Luer, oo = os 1983. Fig. 19.
Ety.: From the Latin auriculatus, “shaped lik ear,” in reference to the blade of the lip.
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, slender to stout, 8-30 cm tall,
enclosed by 10-16 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, elliptical, acute,
speeesaata: Tro 5-13 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide, minutely ciliate weer the veins beneath, th ded b
oS into a ti 3-5 mm h ong. d
Oia 4
mm long, borne 1 Qk En L : 3 sh a Par > | © eS 11.5 mm long.
pedicel 1.25 mm “ti ovary 3-4 mm long, SS winged sepals yellow, glabrous, the dorsal sepal
, acute, acuminate, 9 mm long, 4 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, the lateral
sepals ovate, oblique, 9 mm long, 4 mm wide, mine ie mm, the apices acute, acuminate, oe
eins: yellow, nog with purple, boner! bilobed, 1 25 mm 1 long, 5 mm wide, the uppe
with the apex subtrun
cate-roun and narrower, lip ae
g Pp ple, bilaminat, tk des thick , elliptical, l itudinally concave, 2 mm long, the apex
mrss rounded, th d m5 th j . short, oblique y d, protrudin:
and round po +h 1 & Sp = " +h PE rt, oblong, pubes ant. ; column 2
mm long, = anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Morona-Santiago: above San Juan Bosco, alt. 1850 m, 28 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &
W. Flores 10987 (MO); north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1700 m, 17 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Flores & A. Embree 11882 (MO); between Sigsig and Chiquinda, alt. 2600 m, 11 Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz
5055 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchi bove Valladolid, alt. ca. 1800 m, 21 Feb. 1983, D. D’A-
lessandro 164 (Holotype: =D. C. Luerillustr. . 9076; same area, alt. 1900 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. ~pege
Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10858 (MO); Cordillera del Condor, east of Encuentros, alt. 1600 m,
Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. —s 625 (MO); east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1450 m, 18 May ae
C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 1343] (MO).between Los Encuentros and Pa-
quisha, alt. 1600 m, Howesed in Chale, GA, 14 Oct. 1990, F L Stevenson 90-1014-1 (MO).
This large species, relatively frequent and apparently endemic in southeastern
Ecuador, is similar to several others, e.g. L. ballatrix, L. craticia etc., but L. auricu-
lata is easily distinguished by the concave, earlike blades of the lip. The connec-
tives and body are thick with the oblong, pubescent appendix in contact with the
stigma.
rs aurita Luer & Escobar, Phytologia 54: a. 1983. Fig. 20.
Ety.: From the Latin auritus, “with large ears,” referring to the petals.
Plant very — he caespitose; _ ost Ramicauls sone: oe tee mm long,
enclosed by 3-4 mm sheaths. Leaf erect,
cal-ovate, cba 1 — mm jot 6-9 mm aint re base broadly pliner into a oa petiole | pe mm kee.
Inflorescence i, disti ous, successivel ely long, bome by
Fone he +, Ld 3 ot 7 - £5 Tt ly spiculate; pedi-
ee ovary E Siena bug sepals yellow-orange, poco ovate, acute, a ae pms Zz
mm long, 1.8 mm wide, blique, 3 mm long,
1.5 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm; petals orange, transversely bilobed, 1.2 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, with a
blong with the apices rounded; lip
rose, pete iy bilaminate, , the blades flat, narrowly oblong, 2 mm long, the apex acute, incurved with a
few hairs, the b , the body narrow, connate to the base of the
column, the appendix in the acute sinus, broadly —— pubescent, bisegmented, the terminal gland
small; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the sti
Santi t east of th t Gual d Limén, alt. 2200 m, 19 Jan.
1989, § S. S Daterdee & THe 1158 (MO).
Loja: a ee 1982, C. Luer & R. Escobar
8254 (Holotype: SE
Zamora Srikalipe-sd east of the pass east of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
maps & W. Flores 10700, 10727 (MO); south of the pass south of Yangana, alt. 2000 m, 18 Mar. 1984,
C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9623A (MO).
40 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This tiny species is apparently endemic in southeastern Ecuador. It is readily
identified by the minute habit; a short, congested raceme; entire sepals; proportion-
ately large petals with rounded lobes; and slender blades of the lip with a biseg-
mented appendix.
Lepanthes avicularia Luer Jessen ea prataa —. 1987. Fig. 21.
Ety.: From the Latin avicularius, “‘of small to tals and lobes of the lip
tionately thick. Ramicauls slender, sige 3-7
nog ied 24min op sheaths. Leaf erect ellipti-
cal to suborbicular, obtuse, ee a the bse cuneate ito a petiole ca. 1 mm long.
filiform peduncle 8-11 1 Lt te, 1.5 1 sped 11.5 mm long; ovary light
oe a min ing ph wh ve main ate, acute, acuminate, |
the t 9 3 mm wie, connais tothe
¥ t eh lee. 7 Hi ea
oblique, 3 mm long,
25 ie tna 35m pts gh, dar calla transversely bilobed, 1 mm long,
45 mm 2 t 1 , oblique-
h - lip brigh 1 , a Vaal ,bilaminate, the blades diverging, narrow-
ly ovate wiry b ds,2 mm ong, th y
filif oS ¢ + 4, 4, fel ee Mey i, el ik i ;
om. 2 olumn; 2mm ee ancien
a gma
her. 908 € a ag = gay lotype: phages ag
7A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10699 (lay MO same area, alt. 2600 m, a
Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, A. & P. Ji i. th of
pass south of Jimbura, alt. 3050 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J.
11998 (MO). r, Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. ies
This tiny species is locally abundant on twigs and small branches of dwarf trees
of cloud forest where several species of Lepanthes grow intermixed. The lateral
sepals are fimbriate while the margins of the dorsal sepal are smooth. All three
sepals are long-caudate. A minute apiculum is present on the outer margin of the
petals. Most unusual are the connectives of the blades of the lip that are connate
directly to the column without forming a body. The tiny, filiform appendix
to emerge from the undersurface of the column, similar to that of L. alticola.
Lepanthes balla Phyto
ie Beaneetae anes, ee Fig. 22.
fata, $1,
ca long ncloed by 81 legen sb rem mrs Bee eects aces, 10-50
£ ot od the upper
cues dcead PS<9 7. L yar,
ota pon borate na © 12 om lng, 254m
yellow, éecitame the
St gee en oe ets, 79 mm on pa 45 me wide
long, 5:7 mun wide sepals ovate, » connate 2.5-3 mm, 7-8.5 mm
ae wat we, be is bot madly cps Reece ceesorke
cen he comet lca non a2 lng, nro ots, mitly pubes
“pendix triangular, concave, ciliate; column 2 mm long, the anther "a gregnidnalans —
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 41
Sucumbios: south Santa Barbara, alt. 2700 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11092 (MO).
babura: above Apuela, alt. 2500 m, 24 Aug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 3349 (SEL); Selva
Alegre, alt. 2430 m, 1 1 May 1981, C. . Luer, J. ee Hirtz 6048 (S
EL).
‘andayapa and Mindo, solange 13 Mar. 1982, C.
Luer, A. Hirtz & S. Dalstrim 7294 (Holotype: SEL} new road between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt.
1900 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, A. Hirtz & A. Embree 1 T2052 OUD), oot of Calecalt kt 2550
m, 4 Apr. 1985, C. Luer et al. 11042 (MO); between Calacali and La Liberia, alt. 2200 m, 7 Apr. 1984,
C.
Luer, S. a , 1. Héijer & A. Hirtz 10015 (MO).
Tungu slopes of Volcan Tungurahua above aap alt. 2700 m, 27 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Dalstrom 1 T “Haijen F. Freire, J. ‘Kuijt 9772 (MO); Cordillera de los Llanganates, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11169 (MO).
se eat ota Les a 26 Dec. 1982, S. Dalstrém 384 (SEL).
Loja: w een Loja and Zamora, 00m, 21 Sept. 1980, C. Luer, J. Luer & C.
H. Dodson 5525 aie Stee alt. 2850 m, reve 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer & D. D’ Alessandro
7156 (SEL); military road above Yangana, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 10896
(MO); eS 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12585 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cajanuma Range, south of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer,
A. Hirtz & W. Paves 10743 (MO); south of the pass south of Jimbura, alt. 3050 m, 21 Feb. 1986, Cc.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 12002 (MO)
Also Colombia (Putumayo).
This large species is frequent and widely distributed in the Andes of Ecuador.
The specimens listed above include only one from each locality. Lepanthes balla-
trix is similar to L. elata Rchb. f. of Colombia and Central America, and L. monitor
of southern Ecuador to Bolivia, but L. ballatrix is distinguished by the narrow,
dorsal sepal and suborbicular lobes of the petals.
—— ee Luer & Hirtz, _ nov. Fig. 23.
Ety.: F Latin barbelifer, =a t 1-t ° re Lt . 1 V4 LL. £ 41. p tal. A lip
Species haan I ee ) a affinis, oa oe : Pe gi wy '
undulatis, p 1 lob 1; lig Jat, lahello } vie Sean, Sihosk
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1-3 cm long, enclosed by
3-6 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform rm sheaths. Leaf su suberect to spreading, think reticulated,
y coriaceous,
Se eee g undulate. etiam lone, 51500
l 0.5-2 mm long. Infloresewee a competed, mbsocaad successively
Ss raceme, 23 mm long, b P 1 le 4-9 mm long;
ral bracts 1-0.5 mm long, rnse i dicels 2-3 y wpiealao, 22 2-2.5 mm long;
sepals orange, membranous, reflex ni fpr sparsely ciliate carne spice xtemally, the dorsal
sepal ovate, acute, 3.25 mm mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 3-veined, fi from the lat
ovate, oblique, acute , 3.25 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 2-veined, connate ee
pubescent, trilobed, t ig, Ciliate, 1 75-2 mm va, 0.75-1 mm wide, 3-
veined, the basal, inner, upp 2 tracted i tous t il 2.5-3 mm long, the basal, inner,
into a fil t Snaae eee e-brown, minutely ciliate, subqua-
pirat ia SE bt hall retuse, sa i se et eS
pie reops dS aaian hanes erase she by a slender
column 1 mm long, the anther and the stigma apical.
otoet botnets Chal cal and Maldonado, ite aeiand ucdiwaeean TAT.
Carchi:
with A. Hirtz, ult. 1800 m, 1 11 Jan. 1 yp
Orchids, Easton, CT, 12 Mar. 1994, C. Le Durem
This species is closely related to L. calodictyon, but it differs from the latter in
the smaller leaves with deep green reticulations and non-undulate margins. The
petals consist of a single, transversely oblong lobe with filamentous tails produced
from both margins above the base. Most g g ubquadrate lip with a
slender tail produced from the bases that surround the column.
Lepanthes calodictyon is widely distributed in southern Colombia and western
central Ecuador. Within its distribution in northern Ecuador four closely related
species are recognized: this species, L. saltatrix, L. tentaculata and L. volador.
42 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes benzingii Luer Luer, Phytologia 54: 331, 1983. Fig. 24.
Ety.: Named in honor of Dr. ‘David Benzing, professor of botany, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio,
co-discoverer of the species.
Plant medium i epiphytic, i ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-9 cm long,
enclosed by 7-8 close, sacs ciliate lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, broadly
elliptical, 3.5-4.5 cm cm long, 2-2.3 cm wide, the apex shortly acuminate, abruptly acute, the base cuneate
into a2 mm long petiole. ¢. Inflorescence an extremely congested, distichous, successively flowered
duncle 7-15 mm long, usually behind the leaf; floral bract
Imm pubescent; pedicel 2mm 1 ; ovary 3.5 mm long; — yellow-orange, glabrous, the
rents a long, | Om wide, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, subacute, connate 1
mm, 2 mm long, 2.25 mm wide together, petals yellow, suffused with ma microscopically pubescent,
bilobed, 1.3 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, the lobes ovate, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller, lip red,
the lobes s oblong with rounded ends, 1. 66 mm Jong, microscopically ciliate, i in apposition arislaeg
COMI,
- eee oe 1 ah. Pe a eS Z bapical, horseshoe-shaped.
‘ > a r
* “oF
Napo: i oem of Tena, Cotundo, alt. 1130 m, 19 June 1983, C. H. Dodson, D.
heck 4 A hie 120A (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 9091; between Cotundo and Coca, alt. 1200
m, 13 Apr. 1985, c land, Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11220 (MO); Rio Cascales east of Lumbaqui,
alt. 450 m, 9 Feb, 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11770 (MO); Bermejo oil
prendre of Lumbaqui, alt. 850 m, 9 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree
).
This species is relatively frequent in the wet forests on the lower slopes of the
Andes of central Ecuador. It is recognized by the round leaves, shortly acuminate at
the apex, borne by slender ramicauls; a congested, long-pedicellate raceme shorter
than the leaf; eons biades of the 7 held together above the column; and a horse-
t appendix.
—?
Lepanthes bifalcis Luer, Phytologia 54: 332, 1983. Fig. 25.
Ety.: From the Latin bifalcis, “like two sickles,” in reference to to the forked petals. .
ss ppante-cim epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 3-8 cm long, en-
closed suberect, thinly coriaceous, narrowl »
scominal, ais, 25-40 mm long, 7-11 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 3-4 mm long. aoe
cence a weak, subdensely successively flowered raceme up to 25 mm long including the capillary
re cng tet el fd Smog Foc Sig ory 0.75 om
ee tn ee the
, the subacute apex minutely bifid;
mont adr Naiessnsilp Wiclod, Gry pp aaeaan 2.3 mm wide, the lobes equal, falcate,
tein two pe sgren os dase suborbicular, 0.75 mm long, 0.75 mm wide, incised at
paylines base cuneate, connate to the base
of the column; column 0.8 mm long,
Teisanaih . SE
Imbabura: south of Lita between Santa Rosa ; '
Luer, C. Dodson & A. Hirtz 12442 (MO). and Cachabi, alt. 1250 m, 19 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.
(Holotype: SEL), csc mg 1900 m, 20 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A. Hirtz
td, ait 600 m, 5 Oct. 1984 pga 1800 m, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2102 (MO), Volcan Reven-
be ena and alt. 2150 m, 29 Mar. 1
Kuijt 9796, 9797, 9807 m, - 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & J.
A Hirte & W. Plies tines esignre pea a 1770, 2150, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 43
This little species occurs frequently on the eastern slopes of the Andes of central
Ecuador, with one collection known in northwestern Ecuador, and a distant collec-
tion in the Yungas of Bolivia. It is distinguished by the small flowers with a synse-
pal similar to the dorsal sepal; bilobed petals with the lobes sickle-shaped, emerging
beyond an unguiculate base; and an obcordate or obovate, opie lip without an
appendix, and with the claw attached to the base of the colum
Although the lobes of the petals are variable, L. bifalcis is a ieadlty distinguished
from its two close allies, L. columbar and L. homotaxis, by the smaller non
blade of the transversely bilobed lip.
sae ee nicl _— Lindl., me Bot. Ee? 2: bie 1836. Fig. 26.
re Latin bilobus “bil lobed,” erring the lip.
ie esr otostalyx Rehb. f. Darla i bE 1855.
Ety.: From the Greek otostalyx, “‘a column with cars,” referring to the column and petals.
Syn.: Lepanthes peniculus Luer. oe 54: 362, 1983.
pe From the Latin peniculus, “a small org: in reference to the appendix.
inthes metaxy Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 42: 186, 1991.
By com the Greek nat “the middle,” i di g L. biloba,
. electilis, and L. elong
ant medium to — in size, epiphytic, canegetons;. Fo ite slender. Ramicauls slender to stout,
erect, 3-37 cm long, enclosed by 5-17 Leaf erect, coria
ceous, elliptical-oblon gts elliptcal-ovate, ate, 3-8 cm 1 Jong, 1 1-2. 5 cm wide, 8 apex acute to obtuse, resend
or slightly 3-7 mm
Inflorescence racemose,
1-5 ih flexuous to ce strict, flexible, successively many lowered racemes ih to 23 cm long
including the filiform peduncle 1-2 cm long; floral bract 1.5-2 mm long; pedicel 1-2 mm long; ovary 1.5
mm long; sepals yellow, yellow-green, purple or brown, glabrous, Pore, subacute to berm usually
shortly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 3.5-7 mm long, 2.3-3.5 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral
3 mm
mae for 1 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 3.5-7 mm long, connate 1.5- into a y ovate,
lamina, 3-5 mm wide; petals bright ol gee red, orange or brown, minutely pubescent, transversely
amiga bea i mm long, .: 8-5 mm sometimes
or orange, minutely pubescent, bilami-
nate, the bi tlades cliptical or ovate, convex, .1-2mm ne the spices narrowly obtuse, the bases
the , short, the body broad, connate to the column near the base, the
ase long-pubescent, er" apex variably rounded; eran 1.5-2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the
a ventral.
Carchi: pene _ and Maldonado, alt. 2100-2200 m, 20 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S.
Jeppesen, B. Lajtna Pill, dT
alt. 3200-3450 m, mos ae ose : Lajinant, U. Molau & M. Madison 12037 s between ster tag ome de
San Francisco armelo, alt. 3200 m, 12 Apr. 1979, B. Lejtnant, U. Molau & M. M
(AAU, GB); sectkssa cues Gaui okt 3340 m, 16 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. cmeue
(SEL); between Tulcan and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, » 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
abla skp yor e area, May 1985 A. Hi 576 (MO); El Mirador, alt. 3600 m, Aug. 1990, A.
irtz & J. Del Hierro 4939, 4951 (MO)
Sucumbfos: epiphytic in cloud forest above El Playén, alt. 3200 m, 5 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer &
A, —— ee type of L. peniculus).
Mariano Acosta and Puruanta, alt. 3400 m, 2 Jan. 1991, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz
S119 oan ak pot Mariano Acosta, near Nueva America, cloud forest, alt. 3400 m, 12 Mar. 1996, S.
Dalstrém, S. “inal & K. Ferrell-Ingram 2099 (MO
hin “tranks of trees at an elevation of 8000 ft., valley of Lloa,’’ Hall s.n. (Holotype: K
“woods, peach side of Pichincha,’ W. Jameson 266 (G, W, type of L. otostalyx); woods west
W. Jameson s.n. (W); below Lloa, alt. 2700 m, 27 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4362
(SEL); San Juan, alt. 2800 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1911; between San Juan and Chiriboga, alt. 2650 m,
Prtvg | 1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13696 (MO); betw ee
1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 10019 (MO); western slope of Corazon, alt. 3300 m,
pod 1984, 30 Hire 1848 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 10464; Pululagua, alt. 3000 m, 5 Nov. toa, A. Hirtz
em slope of Iiniza, alt. 2800 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2066
tof Salcedo, alt. 3500m, 12 Now. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4755 (SEL).
ot ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Pasta in cloud forest, L1 t Patate and Leito, alt. 3000 m, 12
Hs 1981 of L. metaxy: MO), sory ea 11522.
sper ope nsranytegee m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2221 (MO), C. Luer illustr.
Patate and 000 m, 12 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz 1981
O40), C. Luer illustr. 11522; Leito, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. Flores 11142, 11149, 11153, 11163
: east of Sigsig, alt. 3030 m, 6 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 6102 (SEL),
epiphytic in cloud forest east of the pass between Gualaceo and Limon, alt. 2650 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirt: & W. Flores 11827, 11830
).
Loja: Parque Nacional de Podocarpus, at “Centro de Informacién,”’ alt. 2800-2950 m, 23 Feb.
1985, B. Oligaard et al. 57995 sesige) "onesie an of Loja, alt. t. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10754 (MO); new rth of Loja, alt. 2700 m, 2 Feb. 1987, C.
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12587 (Mi (0); east of Yangana, alt. 2950 m, 22 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Lepanthes biloba is one of the more frequent species of the genus in the Andes.
It is variable both vegetatively and florally. The inflorescence of Lindley’s type is
incompletely developed, being no longer than the leaf. The shape of the leaf varies
from oblong and obtuse to narrowly ovate and acute, with all intermediate shapes
commonly being found throughout the distribution. Some forms grade into L.
elongata.
The loose, fl times begin flowering shorter than the leaf,
but continue lengthening to far surpass the leaf. The flowers are small, bilabiate,
and variable in color, but often yellow, with small, red or purple petals and lip. The
degree of pubescence of the petals and lip varies. The lobes of the petals are triang-
pest ophacgg re acuminate. The body of the lip is broad, connate to the
ndix is
oe appe small, pubescent and oblong with the tip
i. rower, acute lea d acuminate petals was segregated
ae Pe copa specimens from numerous locali-
“ss monly all degrees of intermediates. Lepanthes oxypetala is
similar, distinct with the long-acuminate petals as well as the lip attached to the
slender shaft of the column above the middle.
Lepanthes binaria
Ey: Boom he Lan reine ea ee 38: 38: Sas baplh = Fig. 27.
‘ ersely bi
nino lip rose, bilaminate, the laminae minutely pubescent, oblong
he t ina, connate
to the base of the column, the sinus : omy f the L
acute : Sat claceae mage >
1.5 mm long, the anther and stigma oe oblong apr F the end; column
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest above
Hinz & W. Flores 11080 (Holotype: Mo MO) ae carmelo. alt. 3200 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
La Esperanza betw Carmelo and Tulcan,
3200-3450 m, 9
Also Cok. Av 1973.8 Beard Mla Madison 12047(AAU), a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 45
ies occurs in northernmost Ecuador and adjacent Colombia. The most
distinctive feature is the pair of proportionately large bilobed petals, each lobe more
or less round. The small, white flowers are borne within the concavity of the under
surface of the leaves. The plants grow in high altitude, cool, wet, cloud forests in
company with several other species of Lepanthes.
eee prone probes Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 125, 1987. Fig. 28.
tuberculatus, “with two tubercles,” referring. to the pair of processes on the
ca of tek a
Pl ts slender. Ramicauls weak, suberect, slender, 6-12
cm soa enclosed aie 7- 13a ane seit. minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf su
spreading, Pages! coriaceous, lightly y corrugate ate-reticulate, ovate, acute, acuminate, 3.5-5.5 cm long, 1.2-
db 1mm congested,
— = wid to a p long. Inflorescence a very
long- -pedicellate d 8 long, bore on top of the leaf
bral a tihan peduncle 7- 15 mm nm ong floral bracts 1 mm long; 5 ine 3 mm mm long; ovary 1 mm long;
sepals yellow-orange, the d sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, min culate, 2.2 mm long, 2.2 mm
wide, connate to the bates murs for 0.5 mm, the lateral wiauko nish oblige subacute-acuminate,
subdenticulate, 2.5 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals purple-brown, microscopically
pubescent, tanaversely bilobed, In mm ee o/s = wide, with a small x gar on the margin bet-
te-falcate, acute; lip purple-brown,
bilaminate, the lobes t thin, flat, smi, auherent over the column, the margins Pager taeed
ciliate, 1. 25 mm long, the connectives oblon
i sath, pubescent, broad, sulcate gaye ir ng
fingerlike are ee pie pals the anther dorsal, the stigma ven
E t of I 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
C,H: aoe D. pariah Bermudes 12411 Giekepoe Mich ); same area, C. Luer et al. ieee
This species, apparently endemic in lowland, northwestern Ecuador, exhibits
affinities with numerous other species, the most notable being the common and
frequent L. mucronata from higher altitudes. The later has not been seen in the
coastal lowlands where L. bituberculata was recently discovered. The thin semicir-
cular blades of the lip are strongly adherent over the column. The most distinctive
feature of L. bituberculata is the pair of subacute processes on the anterior margin
of the body of the lip, beneath which is positioned the pubescent, sulcate appendix
with a small pair of fingerlike lobules projecting from below.
Bag ee — Luer, pn 54: 332, 1983. 29,
Greek brachypogon, “‘a short beard,” referring to the shortly ciliate, chinlike Ms
in and pnb
bifaria Luer, Phytologia 55: 178, 1984.
= "Vern tea Laie isto, ‘double,” referring to the pair of similar appendices.
Ba. . 7 Ti ¢. ad F 4 » epiphytic, pit an fh 1, A, erect, 4-
11 cm long, orig el pee igre lepanthiform ‘orm sheaths. Sealsbeon Wundamth eae
ceous, narrow. rly clliptical, See eiaecs cane the apex acute, long-acuminate,
tiole 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence a dense,
distichous, long, bome on top of the leaf by a filiform
ir 5 ace pagsine floral bracts yen tee pedicel asda long; ovary 1.5-2 mm long;
sepals red-brown, or yellow or green, suffused with red or brown, ranma heme Be ore the
Pika subacute to obtuse, 3.5-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, connate lateral sepals for 1
mm, the lateral sepals long-ciliate, ovate, ovate, oblique, s subacute, , 3.5 mm long, _pecotcaperscapets atl
pubescent. 6-0.9 mm long, 2.1-3 mm wide, the
omar a orgy meme gare mae i hee eee
Pi ers © connect
hr: A 2 , ee ac ot See See ae Ae omen the
a
: 1 iJ, ag, one “: = $I +
eee S22 aces § |, short. 2 tr td > a ee
pea e } th. out'te a eee 7 ee
ne =i) ee —— oa
La
see
46 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Imbabura: Selva alt, 2500 m, 29 Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1921 (MO); Selva Alegre, alt. 2500
m, 11 Nov. 1984, A. Hirt: 2091 (MO).
Volcén Reventador, at. 1400 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2052 (MO).
Pichinch Mindo, alt. 2320 m, 13 Mar. 1982, C.
alt.
yapa and
wer, A. Hirtz & S. Dalstrim 7301 (Holotype: SEL); between San Miguel de los Bancos and Mindo,
ije een Cal d
00 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1899 (MO); ‘esa ‘alt. 2000 m, July 1983, A. Hirtz 1013 (type of L.
faria: SEL). C. Luer illustr. 9156; above Tandapi, alt. 2300 m, May 1984, A. Hirtz 1816 (MO); above
indo, alt. 2400 m, Mar. 1984, A. Hirtz 1635 (MO).
Zz Seer
This species is frequent in western central Ecuador. It is characterized by the
weak habit; the raceme lying upon the narrow, long-acuminate leaf; ciliated floral
parts; and a descending mentum of the body of the lip with a horizontal pair
as - 7s ii
Lepanthes brenneri Luer, Phytologia 54: 333, 1983. Fig. 30.
y f Joe B , formerly of Puyo, Ecuador, who di i
A +h
3
minute, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1.5-2 mm long, en-
inate ete einen sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, subacute, apicu
late, 6-8 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1- -1.5 mm long. inflerescence a
2- to 3-flowered, loose, subflexuous raceme up to 13 mm long including the the filiform pedun-
cle 7-10 mm | floral t 1.5 mm long spiculat. ton) 195 1 mm long, spicu-
late; sepals red-purple with yellow apices, carinate- spiculate, sparsely denticulate, triangular-ovate,
pee neo platy en gat ochre ae 3-veined, the lateral sepals 7 mm long, 2 mm
wth teupeuartiue door ie pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0.6 mm long, 3 mm
upper lobe a obtuse, the lower lobe broadly uncinat — + acl, ee ice minutely
the
cacao aro, coma hha f the column, th di lar with the apex ci-
I ne -oitsetac amyl ventral.
Pastaza: epiphytic in wet forest ca. 10 Km
Luer, P. Taylor & J. Brenner 931 (Holotype: SEL’ red eas alt. 750 m, 21 Mar. 1976, C. Luer, J.
a pean tiny plant, known only from the type-collection, produces flowers larger
~ ~ leaves on lax, few-flowered racemes barely surpassing the leaves in length.
pie remotely bm — the petals are pubescent with the
lobes io Rag lades of
of the lip are oo with a
Lepanthes calliope Luer & Hinz, Sp. Nov.
Named for Calliope, one of the nine Muses, oo
BP ta in size, epiphytic, caespitose; LR
sively naa ce : onm sheaths. Leaf So arate elliptical or Scar
Jom, na nterescence a very cng dicen oe ee nated ino poi 2-3
leaf t = to 10 mm
mum long: ovary 2 mm long; sepals ight” 8; floral ral bract | mm long; pedicel 0.75
mm long, 3.5 . : yellow, :
long, ct, Som, eal eps .
long, 2.5 mm, 5.2mm _ , oblique, obtuse,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 47
yellow with a purple edge, cellul ola dul ly bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the upper
lobe broadly = ~— the lobe subquadrat with a small lobule in the inner cep of the
creat e apex; lip e, bilaminate, the lami i yp , oblong, 2.25 mm long, with
d bas , th ives broadl , the body broad, connate to the Nites of the
column, the si ded and t i ween ahaa column 2 mm long, the
anther her dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor, forest east of Guismé, alt. 1,750 m, 21 May
1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. cue tta 1 & W. 5 toni 13566 (Holotype, MO); same area, alt.
C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13540 (MO).
This species, apparently endemic in the Cordillera del Condor in southeastern
Ecuador, is not remarkably distinct in habit: a congested inflorescence shorter
and behind an elliptical, acuminate leaf. The sepals are light yellow, sates and
pointed, the shortly acuminate apices of the lateral sepals diverging.
of the transversely bilobed petals is shortly subquadrate with a small cutie on the
inner corner. The lip is remarkable with a protuberant sinus with a small, pubescent
nodule for an appendix at the summit.
Lepanthes calliope is similar to the frequent L. monitor, but it is distinguished
from the latter by the petals with the transverse, lobulate lower
Lepanthes callisto Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 287, 1987. : ; Fig. 32.
Ety.: Named for the Greek — Kallisto who in all to the dark,
pubescent, lepanthiform sheaths.
Plant medium i phytic, Ramicauls stout, erect, 5-20 cm
long, enclosed by 6-13 lene grees ciliate, es sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous
ably convex, dark green, purple beneath, oblong, s subacute to obtuse, abruptly short-acuminate, 46.5 cm
long, 2-3.8 cm wide, th petiole © 4-5 5 mm mm long. Inflorescence a very
t SUL dDDIY el ahieeas fl d bad 1g 22 concave,
Pe ee y Stati, L154, d 2 2 1. 1N_.25 1 fi 1 heart blique, imbricating, | ee” mm
long; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals dark red purple, th d Is P 1 t fate coe con-
cave, acute, 7.5-9 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, connate t the lateral con
es aa
i 5 mm
petals orange, suffused with red medially, minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long,
pcs the upper lobe narrowly triangular, acute, the lower lobe smaller, oblique, triangular, obtuse; lip
inate, the laminae glabrous, narrowly ovate, acute at the apex, 2.25 mm long, the connec-
dare thick, ‘broadly oblong. from the base of the lamina, connate to the base of the column, the sinus
broad wit
o
the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral. dient)
Carchi loud t above El Carmelo, alt 3200 m, 6 April 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. cm 11076 moh Yoh MO); El Mirador between Playén de San Francisco and San Ga-
briel, alt. 3300 m, 9 July 1990, C. H. Dodson, E. Hagsater, D. Rubio & N. Rivera 18494 (MO); Mirador,
between Julio Meike aol ties én de , alt. 3300 m, 22 Mar. 1991, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J.
Del Hierro & S. (ede 5294 QO); above El Pla’ at. 3100, Feb. 1995, — Hirtz 6213 (MO).
Ql age eink bea Cordillera de los Llanganates, alt. 3200
forest e 0,
m1 Apa 1985, C Luer, J. rok Hirtz & W. Flores 11167 (MO).
Pichincha: “Andes of Quito,” W. Jameson s.n.
This unique species from the Andes of northern Ecuador is easily recognized by
the stout ramicaul enclosed by dark, coarsely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. The
thickly coriaceous, dark green leaf is convex, with the comparatively large, dark
purple flower borne in the concavity of the undersurface of the leaf, which is in-
tensely suffused with purple. This dark niche seems to be attractive to spiders that
often find refuge behind the leaf for their tiny webs. The plants grow in the darker,
more sheltered ravines of high-altitude cloud forests.
48 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes calodictyon Hook., Bot. Mag. t. 5259, 1861. Fig. 33.
Ety.: From the Greek calodictyon, “a beautiful net,”’ referring to the reticulated leaves.
roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, slender, 1.5-3.5 cm
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; _
elased bes S.11
coriaceous,
light green with rose or lavender reticulation, suborbicular to broadly ovate, broadly obtuse, 10-25 mm
long, 8-25 mm wide, the margins undulate outside a marginal vein, the base rounded, abruptly contracted
into a petiole ca. 1 mm long. Inflorescence a : congested, subsecund, successively s rane
cts O
mm long; pedicels 1-1.5 mm long; ovary 1.5-2 mm long; sepals red with yell ow margins, re reflexed,
ee ees hes se, 1.5-4 mm long, 1.25-2.25
mm wide, 3-veined, free frou the lateral sepals tho Intoal sopals free, ovate, cblique, subecote, shortly
pong iW ee anata wide, 3-veined; petals red to purple, microscopi
0.5-1 mm long, ie eis ten tocar the upper lobe ovate,
silent oertane oa » the tail 0.5-3
oblique, th ded 1.25-3 mm long; lip red, minutely
grote tng eno, ally a te 055g, 1.25-2 mm wide, connate
ft, , 0.75 195 mm
eee
Without collection data, Aug. 1860 (W).
Esmeraldas: west of Lita, alt. 750 m, Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2975 (MO); same area, road to San
Lorenzo, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. Dodson, A. Hirtz et al. 12373 (MO).
Pichincha: de Fe ee Breed fe caltientin in. Quito, 14
Mar. 1984, A. Hirtz 1426 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 9508; between Chiri and Mulaite, alt, 1200 m, Aug.
1989, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4308 (MO); road to Puerto Quito, July 1991, flowered in cultivation in Cham-
blee, GA, 29 Nov. rin Ets og praca -4 (MO).
d Latacunga, in citrus trees, alt. 900 m, 5 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-
Weinnt hepa Deed @ligaard 2969 (AA a
wan Palma, alt. 1250 m, 10 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al.
Ea er roca ir wun
Ce an: ai
mv
tern cordillera of
Gunite Scrgnamaat and widely culti-
prams trareoarier liage as well as the intricate flower. It was first
ustrated in Curtis’ B Otanical Magazine where Hooker published the original
my ey is famous for the broad, green leaves with a network of
purple, Tuffled or scalloped margins. The flower sits on top with reflexed
Cane xPosing red, long-tailed petals. The lip is reniform beneath the column.
Considerable vari and flawarc throughou
range, but a few populations have have diverged significant! : es
y from the forms 2 thet can be
ary ie “ge be distinguished (L. barbelifera, L. Saltatrix, L. tentaculata
calor & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 285, 1987.
Renae in reference to the tails of the lateral ag
purple beneath with lt, hfonn sheath with with dilated ostia, exect, coria-
shorty scones thc bas =e ae
peduncle 8-12
2 elon Hehty on tm lane: pedicel 0.75 man ing: ovary | sas erg
. long, the mm, the rounded apex abruptly con-
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 49
2 mm wide, 1-veined, connate 2 mm, the acute apices contracted into recurved tails 3.5 mm long; petals
yellow-orange, the upper lobe pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm
long, - 31 mm wide, the lobes subequal, suboblong -triangular, chao lie en lip bilaminate, light yellow,
ate, microscopically pubescent, 1.75 mm long, the
bases rounded, the age acute, ciliate, the connectives broadly cuneate, the body thick, connate to the
base of the column, the sinus obtuse, with an ovoi id, inflexed, pubescent appendix; column 1.5 mm long,
the anther dorsal, the sre transverse, apical.
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in cloud forest north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1700 m, 17 Feb. 1986, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11877 (Holotype: MO); Tumbes, north of Gualaquiza,
alt. 1900 m, 14 Feb. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Hotjer & H. Wanntorp 191 0(MO ).
Zamora-Chinchipe Encuentros, alt. 1450 m,
18 May 1988, C. Luer, i. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13436 (MO); epiphytic i in
east of Mayaicu, alt. 1300 m, 20 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetia & W. Tea;
13505 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in southeastern Ecuador. Vegetatively it is
remarkable for the numerous, closely spaced, lepanthiform sheaths with remarkably
dilated ostia. The flowers, however, are most notable for the long, outwardly
curved tails of the lateral sepals similar to those of L. pubescens, but the lateral
sepals of L. caloura are one-veined. The dorsal sepal is suborbicular with a short,
reflexed tail.
Lepanthes calypso Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. a Fig. 35.
TL, y WT. i £¢, 1. L oe am, | y 1. 4 gi 1 y ph co lyp i. 1. PT y P
Planta mediocris, inflorescenti disticho folio late ovato obtuso breviter
acuminato breviore, in dorsali spo late ovatis subacutis leviter acuminatis denticulatis,
o ~
1 fe Soe | cae
& Ld ref i £
labelli 1 inis oblong 9 tib latis, di
sa.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 7-8 cm long,
eaths with
enclosed by 10-11 ciliate, lepanthiform sh dilated ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-ovate,
subacute, acuminate, 3.5-4.5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, th ded b petiole 1.5
mm long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively 1-fl j t 5 mm long,
bome behind the leaf by a slender peduncle 15 I bract 1.5 mm long dicel 1.5
rena ovary 1. ac white suffused with pink, or yellow, denticulate, age su yo
long, 3 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, lateral sepals
aan. aie. 6 mm long, agp mm into an ovate synsepal 4.5 wide, the apices close, acute,
acuminate; petals orange, more or less red at SL nae ea cee rapa Prompt
+. ote
,3mm wide, th
lower lobe triangular, oblique, obtuse; lip red, | bilaminate, the laminae oblong, 15 mm long, minutely
pubescen connate to the base of the
column, the appendix oblong, eed accu we aoe 1.5 mm long, the anther apical,
the stigma ventral.
Morona. £, th
(MO); same area, Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz 4590, 4661 (MO).
This anal apparently endemic in southeastern Ecuador, is known from
several plants with differently colored flowers collected by Alexander and Ximena
Hirtz. It is characterized by the congested inflorescence shorter than the broadly
ovate, acuminate leaf; denticulate sepals; pointed upper lobes of the petals with a
very small lower lobe; and oblong blades of the lip with a rather complicated
appendix with a pair of apical lobules.
50 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes campodostele Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 444, 1993. Fig. 36.
Ety.: From the Greek campodes, “like a caterpillar,” and stele, “the column,” referring to the
unusual shape of the column.
Died
y small, epiphytic, caespitose; mparatively fleshy. Ramicauls erect, slender, 12-15
mm long, enclosed by 4 long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, orbicular, 10 mm
long, 10 mm wide, the rounded base contracted into a petiole 1.5 mm long. Inflorescence a loose, dis-
ively few-fl d p to 30 mm long including the filiform cle 15 mm
long, sparsely pubescent; floral bracts 1.5 mm long, spiculate; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long;
sepals cari 1 the ins erose-ciliate, the dorsal sepal translucent, suffused with pu:
purple,
ovate, deeply concave, acuminate, acute, 5 mm long, 4 mm wide unexpanded, connate to the lateral
sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals purple, ovate, oblique acute, 6.5 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, connate 3.5
mm, deeply , convex along the medial
266 zi . PE <1: :p me 2 E 1, , tra ly bilot 1, 0.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the lobes
= s 7. otk 2 ith ig | : d ds, the = f th as 1 t i d; lip green, ciliate, bilobed, the
ng " 1mm long, erect to eith de of the col , the body cleft anteriorly,
the h 7 tha anwsensls
te ti th umn, PF 1, oblong, recurved, pubescent; 1 P
tively large, cylindrical, 2 mm long, the apex truncate and flat with a pair of erect angles on the upper
the rostellar flap along the lower margin. ; ie is
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, epiphytic in cloud forest east of Los Encuentros, alt.
1550 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13472 (Holotype: MO).
The flower of this species, known only from the Cordillera del Condor, is large
for the tiny plant with orbicular leaves. The sepals are carinate-spiculate externally
with ciliate-erose margins. The dorsal sepal is deeply concave, while the lateral
sepal are concave centrally between convex margins. The convex medial margins
are in apposition except basally where the lateral sepals are connate and deeply
or li This unusual configuration is seen in the Bolivian L. nycteris Luer &
MAace
ae li h paratively large column. The oblong lobes of the lip are
erect to either side. The column is cylindrical with the apex flat. Two erect
HIBHES are Present on the upper margin of the flat apical end. The clinandrium with
the an, OccuPies most of the lower half of the end. The stigma is located along
lower : i Although unrelated, the apex of the column is reminiscent of
Lepanthes camptica Luer & Hirtz
i » SP. NOV.
Sr: From the Greek kampaikos, “bent, carved, flexible,” refering the appendix sod
Planta mediocris debilis, inflorescent Aon -t :
mre oTe, Sepals late ovatis laevis petalis minut 1 + folio — gia :
: rea eaeyyl) gee 1 rans verse bilobis, superiore ovato
eaten inferiore vee cau, label laminis ovatis planis clits, connectivis anstan eaceatis
ect, 3-8 om long, enclosed by 7-10 einen roots slender. Ramicanls slender, weak, erect to suber-
: cabrous sheaths. Leaf suberect, coriaceous,
a petiole 1-2 mm long. Infler en one: |-8-2.3 om wide, the rounded by
06 mn lone, boms 8 congested, distichous
am long, bome on op of the ea tg DOs tel several flowered raceme up
Glabrae don o> long: ovary 1 mm long; sepete cent yellow ae
— dorsal sepal canals ep tm Wide, 3-veined, connate to lateral sepals for 0.6 mm.
agree connate st» 3 mm long, 2.8 mm wide together. each bv i
the upper lobe ovate, the apex oblique Doe sae Hansversely bilobed, 0.8 mm |
Se See ine ay ce gee ete 08g 24 he
Ee pubescent, ciliate, ovate,
Se eat
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 51
t. A “2 ] onnat
flat, 1.3 mm long, ry + E - * thin be eh cate, th | en :
1, *
nte anc
with a pubescent terminal segment; column | mm hey ps peor ig hen the stigma na ventral.
Pastaza: north of Topo, epiphytic in forest along Rio Zufiag, alt. 2200 m, 23 Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz, S.
Dalstrém, = - Araby J. Del Hierro, E Astorga, S. Ortega & J. eahione 4662 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer
illustr. 147.
This species from the eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador is most
similar to L. oscillifera Luer & Escobar from Colombia. The habit is weak
with slender stems bearing more or less spreading, long-acuminate leaves and a
short inflorescence lying on top. The sepals are ovate and glabrous. The petals are
transverse and more or less triangular. The lip blades of the lip are ovate and
minutely pubescent. The pubescent appendix is broadly hinged to the anterior
margin of the sinus. The appendix is convex below the middle, concave across the
middle with a solid apical segment.
Lepanthes capitanea Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3: 241, 1855. Fig. 38.
Ety.: From the Latin capitaneus . “large,” referring to the size of the flowers.
t small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 2-5
cm long, enclosed by 5-8 minutely scabrous, lepanthiform orm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical
obtuse, 1.5-2.5 cm long, 0.8-1.2 cm wide, the b long
loose, lightly flexuous, ver miateey several-flowered ones up to 10 cm long including the slender
peduncle 2-5 cm long; floral bracts 1.5-2 mm long; pedicels 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 1.5-2 mm long; sepals
brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal pal triangular, acute acute, 9-12 mm ing 54 mm aia. S-veimed, connate to the
lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, the lat acute, shortly bifid
lamina, 8-12 mm long, 5-6 mm wide; petals y ellow ae microscopically cellular-pubescent, trans-
versely bilobed, 1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the lobes ob! lobe slightly
smaller; lip yellow or orange, bilaminate, the blades dine with the ends rounded, minutely ciliate, 2
ve 1 long, the connectives broadly cuneate, from below the anne of the blade, the connate
in, the small, app gular, e; column terete, 2 mm long, the anther
apical, the stigma ventral.
Carchi: near El Carmelo, alt. 2700 m, collected by Hans Volles, flowered in cultivation at Tuqueres,
Colombia, 28 Jan. 1987, C. Luer 12555 (MO).
Imbabura: Selva Alegre, west of Otavalo, alt. 2950 m, 1 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz
6033 yen Mojanda, alt. 3000 m, Nov. 1983, A. Hirtz 1353 (MO); Selva Alegre, alt. 2850 m, 6 Apr.
1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 9980 (MO); same area, alt. 3000 m, 29 Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1920
(MO).
Pichincha: valley of Lloa, on trunks of trees, 1864, W. Jameson 268 (Holotype: W; Isotype: G); Mt.
Corazon, 17 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4385 (SEL), Pasachoa, alt. 3300 m, 20 Oct. 1984, A.
Hirtz 2039 (MO).
This species occurs locally and sometimes abundantly in northwestern Ecuador.
It is characterized by the elliptical, obtuse leaves surpassed by a loosely flowered,
more or less subflexuous raceme. The flowers are comparatively large, flat and
bilabiate. The dorsal sepal is triangular and acute, opposite a similar synsepal that
is minutely bifid at the tip. The lobes of the petals are oblong and obtuse. The
blades of the lip are oblong, the connectives are short and broad, and the appendix
is small and trian
Lepanthes ewdaiiia is a only an unusually large form with larger,
longer sepals with long-acuminate apices. It occurs within the distribution of L.
capitanea. Lepanthes effusa is also similar and it too grows sympatrically with L.
capitanea, but it is more easily distinguished from the latter by the oblong, concave
blades of the lip that are borne obliquely by narrow connectives at the base of the
blade.
52 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes carinata Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 41: 163, 1990. Fig. 39.
Ety.: From the Latin carinatus, “carinate,” referring to th sae Beaks he lobes of the petal
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots numerous, slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 7-21 cm long,
enclosed by 11-18 long-ciliate, | thife heath Tae eae eee
f af erect, thinly coriaceous,
itudi rugose beneath, ovate, acuminate, 6-9 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, the rounded base
contracted into a petiole 3-4 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively many-flow-
d up to 2 cm long, bome behind the leaf by a slender peduncle 2.5-3 ; floral bract 2.5
long: pedicel | long; y 2.5 long; sepals ligh yellow, ovate, acute, acuminate, the dorsal
sepal 11 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, the lateral sepals 10 mm long,
connate 4 mm, 7.5 mm wide together, microscopically denticulate; petals yellow, suffused with red
basally and Ic g th Bi glabrous, tra ly bilobed, 2.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, with a thick,
he lobes, the upp y elliptical, thin, concave, the lower lobe
much smaller, oblong, obtuse; lip bilaminate, the laminae yellow, suffused with red marginally, gla-
brous, oblong, 3 mm long, the b ded the 7 onte th, re te, body b:
formate tr. th.
. iE >
the sinus obtnce_ with a minnte ly +
lobal jumn 1.6mm lonc. the anther d mee 2s: me = ited
b>
Hierro & F. Sarmiento 4980 (MO).
epiphytic in cloud forest east of the pass between Gualaceo and Limon, alt. 2650
m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. , A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11833 (Holotype: MO); same area,
alt. 2750 m, C. Luer et al. 11828 (MO); t C and Limén, alt. 2800 m, 20 Jan. 1989, A. Hirtz,
A. Andreetia & S. Ortega 4178 (MO).
d La Bonita, alt. 2600 m, Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del
This large species from southeastern Ecuador appears ve imi i
Ty similar vegetatively
and florally to many others, including several with which it grows sympatrically
(e.g. L. auriculata and L. craticia). These are robust species often more than 30 cm
tall, with large, relatively thin, ovate, acuminate leaves more or less rugose beneath,
cassidea Rchbf., Xenia Orch. 1: 146, 1856.
ideus, “helmet-shaped,” referring sai
Lepanthes cassi
Ety.: From the Latin cassideus ing to the concave dorsal sepal
Plant small to i epiphytic,
enclosed ‘ : } . Ramicauls
2Samaien eer ee ‘orm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, acute,
ed, disti lone b _ site te into a petiole ca. 1 mm I Inflorescence a congest-
re nh
apex of the | Saas eee 0 mm long, borne near the
Sede nar the Tower lebe triangular, acute: lip ia. ee
broadly cuneate, the body broad, concave nnn cts MTOM, pry the connectives short, very
‘mall, bifid appendix; column 2.5 mm long, the anther deen eget we Column, the sinus shallow with a
Imbabura: Los Cedros Reserv,
Ingram Ferrell 2225(MO). "900-1650 m, 25 Mar. 1996, $. Dalstrém, S. Ingran & K.
sn Poet Quits. 1500 19 Ha e088 (Holotype: W: aatype: 7); berm Mindo
Miguel de Los Bancos and Mi, Sh aight C. Laer, J. Lner & A. Hirts 7435 (Sel) tena
9869 (MO); Santa Rosa de Toachi, at. 1300 ova. Pro C- Laser, S. Dalstrim, T. Hoiier & A Hints
T. Héijer & |
MY Orso Fs, 500, Des 1984 omen ce ee KH Bauman “o
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 53
This species occurs locally on the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. It is
characterized by the elliptical, acute leaves and a short, congested, long-pedicellate
raceme held near or slightly beyond the acute tip of an elliptical leaf. The dorsal
sepal is concave with a narrowed, acute apex. The lateral sepals are narrowly
acuminate beyond their union. The lobes of the pubescent petals are oblong. The
blades of the lip are narrow along the edges of short, broad, cuneate connectives.
ie appendix is small and bifid.
Lepanthes cauda-avis Luer, sp. nov. Fig. 41.
rom the Latin cauda-avis, “‘a bird tail,” fe to the app f the appendi
Di +: erntrne £35 +, nl +. 1 4 Sf Bae. Pwd | ae!
4 vL. Ls p Pay connatis, E a p - Lt 1: oe is, 1 = = p 2 Lt , label-
lo bilaminato, ] ini ti bh th Ai * Slealenliif, . 1 oe
rer r &
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, pen 3-4. cm long, enclosed by
6-8 rect, coriaceous, suffused
with purple, ovate, acute, slightly : acuminate, 16-25 mm mich te ie or the obt usely cuneate base
contracted into a petiole ca. 1 mm long. ad, macceasevely
‘. a eS ft £15 ¢,
long; floral bracts oblique, 1-1.5 mm long; ee 2-2.5 mm ‘i ovary 1-2 mm lon: ong; sepals rose
. yellow, suffused with rose, glabrous, carinate, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, convex verted
middle, concave “ie the matin, al 5-4. Sm mm hie ¥ = mm wide, connate to the lateral — for
075 mm, the lateral 3.5-4 mm into an ovate, bifid lamina 3.5
petals oS EP y pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0. 5-0.8 mm ane
1.2-2.2 mm wide, the lobes oblong, ith ded : lobe; lip
rose, bilaminate, th bl ded ends, lightly convex, minutely pubescent, 1.5
mm long, the < connectives broadly cuneate, the brood body broad, connate to the column at the base, the
concave,
column stout, 2 mm long, the anther apical, the : stigma ventral.
Zamora-Chinchipe: Quebrada Honda, south of pass south of Yangana, alt. 1800 m, flow
yea oP ake 8 , Vilcabamba, 18 Mar. 1984, D. D’ —— 239 (MO), C. Luer illust. ir
Cordillera onder, Patchicutza, alt. 1200-1500 m, June 1991, A. Hi 8 (MO); same area, alt.
1450 m, a A. Hirtz 5766 (MO).
This small species, endemic in southeastern Ecuador, is characterized bya
congested inflorescence shorter than the ovate, acuminate leaf. The sepals are
obtuse with the laterals connate above the middle; and the petals are small, trans-
versely oblong with the lower lobe larger than the upper lobe. The blades of the lip
are ovate, and the appendix is large with a tuft of long hairs at the tip.
Lepanthes caudata Luer & —— Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 53: 260, 1984. Fig. 42.
Ety.: From the Latin caudatus, “with a tail,” referring to ‘o the caudate sepals.
Plant iphytic, itose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-22 mm lon
by 3-5 nieve clare =f sah sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, obtuse, 7-14 mm long
including a 2-3 mm long petiole, 6-8 mm wide, cuneate below into the petiole. Inflorescence 2 loose,
flexible, flexuous, successively several-flowered raceme up to 11 cm long including the filiform pedun-
cle 2-3 cm long; floral bract 1-2 mm long, minutely ee cas gen noice,
carinate- mcm ith the m fimbriate, the dorsal epal 6-11 mm long including the 1-2.5
sis Saige: 5S a SAA chain av eeoatsepele i as mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 6-12
mm long including the 1-2.5 mm long tails, connate 2.5-6 mm, 4.5-9 mm wide together; petals red-
mes croscopi cent, , transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, pe pea
oblon: with the x rounded, the lowe 1 be, narrowly triang
bl aa iliat Spanenny _ the blades elliptical, li lightly concave, with
“ +i. we blades, the t d
rounded ends, 1.5 mm long, th
54 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Pale” Wey fel So atl di lab . thick, uncinate, the jpex in
‘ Denese Imm lonc th el, a ne 1
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic in scrub cloud forest east of the pass east of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21
Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10725 (MO); south of the pass south of Jimbura, alt.
3050 m, 21 Feb, 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11997 (MO).
Also Colombia (Putumayo: type).
This minute species has been found in cold, wet, scrubby cloud forests at high
altitudes in three distant localities in southern Colombia and southern Ecuador. It is
characterized by the loose racemes much longer than the tiny leaves. The size of the
denticulate sepals is variable, those of some flowers being twice the dimensions of
those of others, The f tal d lips, however, remai tant
Lepanthes caudatisepala C.Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 10: 123, 1942. Fig. 43.
a the Latin caudatisepalus, “with caudate sepals,’’ referring to the shortly acuminate
Syn.: Lepanthes profusa Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 41: 10, 1990.
Ety.: From the Latin profusus, “profuse,” referring t the florif
Plant large, epiphytic, shortly ascending, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, cm
oe by 10-14 glabrous, closely fitting lepanthiform sheaths, microscopically ciliate on the
“ the upper ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, 7-12 cm
long, 2- m wide, the base rounded or broadly cuneate, contracted into a petiole 3-6 mm long. Inflor-
escence racemose, successively many-flowered,
cm long, bome behind the leaf; floral 1.5 mm long; pedicel 1 mm long;
the upper lobe broadly ovate, the lower lobe oblong, narrower, with the ends rounded; lip bilaminate, the
wo he elliptical, 2.25 mm long, glabrous, the rounded apices ciliate, the connectives shortly
Caneate, broad, connate to the base of the column, the sinus obtuse, with a minute, biglandular
appendix; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Carchi: El Mirador, between Julio :
1991,A. Hirt, X. Hirt, J.Del Hierro &S. Onis 5201 (MO). Sat Francisco, alt. 3300 m, 22 Mat.
J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15215 (MO), yn and § Barbara, alt. 3400 m, 20 Mar. 1991, C. Luer,
Napo: Cerro ;
rena at. 2900-3050 m, 1 May 1979, B. Lgjtnant & U. Molau 13039 (AAU).
fare eae lt 2730 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
- Héijer &
Jeter, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A
Azuay: Rio Cumbe Valley, ca. 5 -W. Flores & A. Embree 11991 (MO).
9 Jane 1979,B.Lajiant A. & U. Mola 14963 Gees PiRNTC in mossy Forest, al. 2900-3000 m,
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirt, W. Flores @ pont 8 Pass south of Fimbura, alt. 3050 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C.
* ‘ A. Embree ] m, é i
Also (Cuzco, type; Huanuco) lace ae MO. P
hia (Nari)
AA VEE
Thhleene
around 3000 1 meters uctesed ier distributed in moist forests at altitudes
identified by tall, I from southern Colombia into Bolivia. It is
> Stout ramicauls clad in essentially gl ; :
short
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 55
entire, but forms with microscopically denticulate to visibly denticulate sepals are
seen in populations in Ecuador. A form with distinctly denticulate sepals was
segregated as L. profusa. raya decurva with three-veined lateral sepals may
be merely a local variation
si cory celox Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 36, 1987. Fig. 44.
Ety.: From the Latin celox, “‘a cutter, or a yacht,” referring to the appearance of the appendix.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 20-30 mm long, enclosed
by 5-6 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, purplish beneath, broadly oblong,
obtuse, shortly acuminate, 20-23 mm long, 12-15 mm wide tracted
3-4 mm bt Inflorescence a very cong; istichous, manceony several- pw ge up to7
mm lon filif le 7-9 mm oral bracts 1 long, spiculate;
ieticsie (1 Sicas bagcomee <A enki aad oan penis ‘aneieuitaiieda iadeaie
pe Ag sepal 5.5 mm ne © 3: i mm wide, , connate to | the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals
ue, 5.5 mm long, 2.4 mm ; ly bilobed, 1 mm long,
re "5 pati wide, hed aicnie sr the lobes nearly equal, obliquely triangular, acute, the upper
lobe slightly larger, lip bilaminate, dark rose, the laminae microscopically ovate, convex, 1.1
pubescent, ov
mm long, the apices acute, the bases obtuse, the connectives shortly and broadly cuneate, the body
connate to the base of the ahaa the sinus | obtuse with a long, narrowly ovoid, concave, pubescent
appendix with a solid ar g viscidium; column stout, 1 mm long, the anther dorsal,
the stigma ventral.
E Id: wet forest west of I ra alt. 800 m, 13 Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2960 (MO), C.
Luer illustr. 13773; west of ‘of Liha, at 600 m, cull at Rio Palenque, C. H. Dodson s.n, 11 Jan. 1989,
C. Luar T5550 (MO), , west of Lita, alt. 700m 19 Mat. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15164 (MO).
h alt. 800 m, Dec. 1983, A. Hirtz 146] (Holo-
type: MO), C. Luer illustr. 11513.
This small species, recently discovered by Hirtz in the northwestern humid low-
lands, is characterized by the short, distichous raceme with a pinkish flower with
oes eet lobes of the petals. Most distinguishing, however, is the long, boat-
ped appendix with a solid prow that reaches to just beneath the viscidium.
Lepanthes chimaera Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 130, 1984. Fig. 45.
Plant large, robust, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, stout, caespitose,
pea somiangeind y proliferating other ramicauls, 20-58 cm long, enclosed by 8-15 close, microscopi
s, lepanthiform sheaths with oblique apices. Leaf coriaceous, acute,
11- 14cm long, 35-6 om wid, 0 te into a petiole ca. 1 cm long. Inflorescence a
ee’ distichous, ly many-fl to5cm1 oe ana onan or aa 3-6
cm lon,
: = rs] Ik F 4 mu lon:
, 2-3 fl ‘te. 1 m
actaatts winged; sepals yellow or rose, ‘tall-carinate, cite dcasicalate, the dorsal sepal triangular,
concave, acute, long-acuminate, 20 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate to the
a concave = the lateral scl Leagan within, ovate, oblique, deeply concave — acute, long-
mm long, 5 mm utely pubescent,
wv cal ibed, 15 mm long, 225 mam wide, tebe bot el, se ovate, round-
ed onthe ends; ip orange with o without red margin, bilaminate, the blades elliptical-ovate, 2 mm long,
minute th te, the body broad, connate to the base
ofthe column, the sinus obtase with a minute, capitate appendix, column 2 mam long, the anther dorsal,
the stigma ventral.
between Tulcaén and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 5 Apr. 1985, C. Luer,
Carchi: epi forest
Pimms ee ee ee ee es oe A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del
Bivore ec m, 20 Mar. 1991, C.
‘-
Luer, 1. tose “Hire 15214 (MO).
Also C (Narifio, type).
56 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This large, grotesque species is found at high altitudes on both sides of the
border b Colombia and Ecuador. The large, long-tailed flowers are produced
in a congested raceme borne behind the leaf. The sepals are tall-carinate and
inflated toward their bases. The petals are proportionately very small, and the
chorista Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 43: 13, 1992. Fig. 46.
Ety.: From the Latin celox, “a cutter, or a yacht,” referring to the appearance of the appendix.
Plant small to medium, epiphytic, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-8.5 cm
long, enclosed by 7-10 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths with dilated ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, purplish
beneath, ovate, subacute, acuminate, 20-32 mm long, 15-18 mm wide, the base broadly cuneate
to rounded, contracted into a petiole ca. 3 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively
raceme up to 10 mm long, bome behind the leaf by a filiform peduncle 7-10 mm long;
floral bracts 1 mm long; pedicels | mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals dark red with a narrow, green
margin, ovate, subacute, 8 pically cellular-denticulate, the dorsal sepal
{ im long, 2 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 3 mm long,
1.5 mm wide, connate 1 mm; petal mi ically put ilobed, 1 mm long,
* . =| eg? oy esd > fransv y
2.5 mm wide, with a small, obtuse angle on the margin between the lobes, the lobes oblong, obliquely
truncate, the lower lobe smaller than the upper lobe; lip red, bilaminate, the laminae elliptical with
rounded ends, thin, g] 8, ciliate at the apex, adherent Jially h other over the column, 1.2
din ants the connectives cuneate, connate to the base ofthe column without forming a body, the appea-
dix clavate, Pubescent, connate to the column at the insertion of the connec-
tives; column clavate, 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Tamra fhincndt,
pe: epiphytic in fe Nambija, alt. 1200 m, flowered in cultivation in Quito,
meet (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 11010; same area, alt. 1200 m, May 1985, A. Hirtz 2568
); ipererespheabeg uy east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1550 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
» A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13449, 13457 (MO): same
Luer. A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14045 (MO), ) area, alt. 1650 m, 21 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J.
Also Peru (Amazonas).
_ is species occurs in southeastern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. It is distin-
— , - the ovate, purplish leaves borne by relatively stout, ciliate, lepanthiform-
of a body is seen in L. disjuncia.
.
are +
By: om eG ae & Hint, Lindleyana 2: 128, 1 . Fig. 47.
to the ¢ , ?pemtaiming to ” Teferting to the color of the flowers as well as
12-20 ciliate, epenthiforn ake veaf nnn’: Ramicauls stout, erect, 14-31 cm long, ench by
cm Fe conodny SmiaerOus, ovate acute, acuminate, 10-13 cm
gested. i many-f] acted es long. oresc
peduncle 35°30 on ey a sed mceme, up to 20 mm long, borne behind th conpgates
yellow, entire, the dorsal sepal apada tm lone; pedicel 0.75 mm long: ovary 25 nen Inns ena
for I mm, the lateral sepals broadly ovale oki na oM8> 3.75 mm wide, connate to the Iie sera
mm, the acuminate apices recurved: petals fon ny scuminate, 6 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate
amine he ede be bine, obtethelover Boece cota; lp
shortly cuneate, the body bay, Pices narrowly obtuse, the bases rounded. dhe eee
i pubescent a x thickened t,he sina ohana with a meinen
1-5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma aire Par of minute, fingerlike processes; column
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 57
Bolivar: wet forest west of Salinas and La Palma, alt. 1250 m, 12 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
Hirtz et a ine 9 (MO).
E : epiphytic in cloud forest above Zaruma, alt. 1800 m, 23 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Pam essing Hirtz & W. Flores 12023 (Holotype: MO).
This species is another of the crowd distinguished by a large habit with thinly
coriaceous, ovate, acuminate leaves longer than the congested racemes of large
yellow flowers with red-rimmed petals. Lepanthes chrysina is most similar to L.
lloensis and L. magnifica. These three species have broad, obtuse lateral sepals
shortly acuminate at the apex, but L. chrysina is distinguished by the essentially
glabrous petals and lip, and the oblong, membranous appendix with an apical gland
with a pair of minute fingerlike processes. The appendix is similar to that of the
much smaller L. intricata.
Lepanthes ciliicampa Luer & beh oe nov. Fig. 48.
Ety.: From the Latin ciliicampa, ‘ caterpillar,” referring to the long-ciliate petals.
parva, inflorescentia c distich 0 dorsali
tiangula acuto, sepalis lateralibus ovatis obtusis obtusis, petal transverse en. or —*,
s latis-
sime , cuneatis, appendice segmentata ‘pubescenti.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-3.5 cm long, enclosed
by 6-12 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, acute, 15-20 mm long,
8-10 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole oa bai mm n long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous,
—— Pp f by a slender peduncle 3-4
Tt + , 0.75 1 A nk y 0.75 mm long; sepals purple,
carinate, glabrous with the margins | shortly ciliate, the dorsal a triangular-ovate, — 3mm long,
1.5mm wide, 3-veined, lique, obtuse,
2.5 mm long, connate 1 mm, 2.5 mm wide oe each 2- veined; petals red, aes transversely
bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, 3-veined, the upper lobe narrowly oblong, obtuse, long-ciliate, the
lower lobe much smaller, densely pubescent; lip red, bilaminate, the laminae st tts with
rounded ends, 0.8 mm | long, ciliate with the apices long-ciliate, the connectives broadly cuneate, the body
broad, connate to the base of the column, the sinus acute with a pedunculated, segmented, pubescent
appendix; J +h +h dad a th tigr tral
Esm along the new road from Lita to San Lorenzo, alt. 60 m, 25 Jan. 1996, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz
&J. mnt Ears 6273 3 (Holotype: MO), c. Lace iiieatr, 17919.
Guallupe and Parambas, alt. 900 m, 16 Feb.
1996. A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 6302 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in lowland western Ecuador. It is character-
ized by the small habit, acute, elliptical leaves; and a short, congested inflorescence.
The sepals are shortly ciliate; the dorsal sepal is acute and the laterals are obtuse.
The upper lobe of the petals is erect, narrowly oblong, and long-ciliate. The ellipti-
cal blades of the lip are also ciliate with the apices long-ciliate on the specimen
collected at 60 meters above sea level, and shortly ciliate on the specimen collected
farther inland at 900 meters above sea level.
Lepanthes clandestina ee 183, 1991. ay. Fig. 49.
“eo From the Latin clandestinus, “hidden,” refer leaf, and the
ute lip obscured by the column.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 2-5 cm long, enclosed by
4-8 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly ovale, acute, 20-33 mm long,
5-8 ide, the b Inflorescence racemose. age subcongested,
merle ir rr ae onchange. hehdas the bod yo: Hllbeem
+
successi vely fi a0yr~ UY Bea
58 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
peduncle 5-11 mm long; floral bract 0.75 mm long; pedicel 1 mm long; ovary 0.75 mm long; sepals
yellow, glabrous, carinate, the dorsal sepal ov , 2.25 mm long, 1.6 mm wide, 3-veined, the
1 A */ mm . .
lee, 7 1 ile
wide, 2-veined, with a broad, red, central
stripe, the ap ; petal yellow, minutely pubescent, bilobed, the lobes
oblong, about equal, with ends, diverging about 90°, 0.4 mm across the middle, each lobe 0.6
mm long: lip dark yellow, minutely pubescent, bilobed, the lobes cuneate, thickened across the apex
wrath £, ba treue BDA, 0 6 mm lone Ps PI Lut sho tt. tr +h kK Pg
+,
a : Se, eae |
cl
.
Pe
the base of the col-
umn, the sheen eid i , ovoid pub nt app : jun £ tence, 0.8 mm long, the anther
and stigma apical.
Pastaza: epiphytic in cloud forest north of Mera, alt. 1350 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. Flores 11201 (Holotype: MO).
This species is known only from the type-collection. It is allied to L. columbar
which is distributed on both sides of the Andes of Ecuador, and with which it is
sympatric in its only known locality. The possibility of a hybrid origin exists. Both
species are characterized by the lateral sepals connate into an ovate synsepal, but
the lip of P. columbar is transversely reniform or broadly cordate without forming
blades, although vestigial, and an appendix.
Lepanthes clarkii Luer, . NOV.
Ety.: Named in h f J ~ Clak wha & l this species. Fig. 50.
Species haec Lepanthes llensi Dodson is ¢ ea | 1 - ** Pe
adherentibus connectic;; Se ean affinis ed label Se oe ‘7 pibieeiet lees
s rr ‘oF VLLICiIL.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose: roots slender. Ramicauls slender, e
: : . » erect, 2.5-5 cm long, enclosed
Coonan iste lepanthiform sheaths, Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, ellipti -ovate, acute, slightly
soamnete, 2-4 cn: 8, 1-1.7 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a
many~ wered raceme up to 10 mm long, bome by a slender peduncle ca. 18
men bag, areata at ofthe laf floral bracts echinate, 3 mm long; pedicels ? canton ovary 1.3
winged; sepals colors not stated, ‘annate, margins microscopically cellular, broadly ovate,
lobe smaller, lip bilaminate, the bint tate midvein, the lobes with rounded apices, the lower
cn ivcaar tren 1 mm long, fleshy, glabrous, adherent medially over the
columa, the sinus broad with an oblong’ pubsecsss/.® Poe broad, fleshy, connate to the base of the
stigma ventral. » Pubescent appendix; column 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the
pod 1 aa: Bisa Biological Sation, Mache Mountain, Isabe. 400-600
: west of S,
Nov. 1994, J.L. Clark & '- Pitman 254 (Holotype: MO; Isotype: QCNE), C: Lanna 17996. o
L banka POA ently endemic in lowland western Ecuador. It is related to
by the small habit: lone ns Westem forests. Lepanthes clarki is distinguished
Congested sans, — “ay Sang aa ramicauls; elliptical-ovate leaves; a
a small, fleshy lip with the glabrous 6 “0e-Soegareagge petals; and
MEH UVU LIC
By: From the Latin enka ety tlogia 54: 334, 1983, Fig. 51
Pint os Yoke,” in reference to the collarlike lip. : ‘
small, epiphytic, caespit :
ovate tonarrowly ovate, acute, 24.77 ear), ewerOUs. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous narrowly line-
Inflorescence a successively few-floween ©. nm Wide» the base cuneate into a petiole 34 aaa
hind the leaf: floral } - by a capillary peduncle
ng; ovary | mm long;
a ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 59
sepals yellow, glabrous, the — es elliptical, obtuse, 1.8 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, 1-nerved, the
lateral sepals connate into a broadly ovate lamina 1.75 mm long and wide, 2-nerved, the obtuse apex
minutely notched; petals orange, p titimadi oblong-bilobed, 0.4 mm long, 1.66 mm wide, the lobes
equal with the ends obtuse; lip red-orange, transversely ovate-oblong, 0.75 mm long, 1 mm wide,
papi the apex broadly rounded, shallowly ray the 1¢ basal lobes rounded, to either side of the col-
an Selva Alegre, alt 2600 m, 29 Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1930 (MO).
Napo: between oa and Papallacta, alt. 2600 m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 11282 (MO); Cuyuja, alt. oon May 1984, A. Hirtz 1766 (MO).
elas a hg loud fores' ne eee ee alt, 3000 m, 28 Oct. 1979,
C. Luer, J. ben ae sen ‘Siistapes SEL); above Tandapi, alt. 2600 m, Mar. 1984, A. 1649
(MO); be: d La Liberia, alt. 2200 m, 7 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. & A.
Hirtz 10000 ) (MO); west ‘of Calacali, alt. 1800 m, 14 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. (a 13322
(MO); new road between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 2450 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, A.
Hirtz & A. Embree 12047 (MO).
aes north of Mera, alt. 1350 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11198
gee Santiag road fM dG , alt. 1500 m, 6 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J.
Luer & A. Hirtz 12711 (MO).
This small species is widely distributed on both sides of the Andes of central
Ecuador. The leaves are narrowly ovate and thick, the subcongested inflorescence
much shorter. The lateral sepals are connate into a synsepal similar to the dorsal
sepal. The lobes of the petals are opposite, but vary from oblong to subfalcate. The
lip is broadly cordate and notched at the rounded apex, the basal lobes embracing
the column. It is related to L. bifalcis, but distinguished from it by the larger cordate
lip. It is also similar to L. homotaxis from which it is distinguished by the larger,
non-forked petals and a larger cordate lip exceeding the column.
4
VOICU,
Lepanthes condorensis Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 283, 1987. Fig. 52.
Ftv: N. tc Ye eg oy ae = ee p é wast ly a
Pi ize tol Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-30 cm
long, enclosed ne 11-18 ciliate. gH rm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ane, een furrowed
beneath, elliptical-o -ovate, 7-10 cm long , 3-4.5 cm wide, th acumina
contracted into a petiole 3 mm mm long. Inflorescence a re etn several- flowered raceme
up to 20 mm long, b a ee
i fi 1
ed, with a broad purple margin and white centrally, the lower lobe, re ow, narrow ily prey obtuse,
curved; lip bilaminate, purple, the laminae oblong with the ends obtuse, thick, with a longitudinal,
orange carina, microscopically pubescent, 2 mm long, the connectives broadly cuneate, the body
siiater alias Gano ee Bie ia sinus obtuse, with an oblong, membranous, ciliate appendix in
apposition to the stigma; column 1 mm long, stout, the anther the stigma ventral.
Morona-Santiago; epiphytic in cloud forest, Cordillera del Condor east of —— alt. 1500 ig 18
Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11916 (Holotype: MO); same
1650 m, 21 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13528 (MO), ou
Macas and Guamote, alt. 1750 m, 6 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 126
Zamora-Chinchipe: Nudo de Sabanilla, alt. 2400 m, 20 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrm & T. Héijer 1084
(MO).
This colorful species is related to the L. orion-panope-steyermarkii complex of
the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. The longitudinal carina of the thick blades of
the lip is seen in all four of these species, but this is the first of the group found in
Ecuador. The membranous appendix applied to the stigma is also similar. The
acute lateral sepals are widely spread as in L. tachirensis which is common and
widely distributed from Venezuela through Colombia and Ecuador.
60 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes confusa Ames & C.Schweinf., Sched. Orch. 10: 40, 1930. Fig. 53.
Ety.: From the Latin confusus, “confused,” no doubt referring to some confusing aspect.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 7-25 mm cm long, en-
closed by 2-6 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect to spreading, coriaceous, suffused with purple
iptical, subacute to obtuse, lightly convex, 9-15 mm long, 4-11 mm wide, the rounded base
contracted into a petiole | mm long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively several-flow-
d p to 3 mm long, bome beneath the leaf by a filiform peduncle 3-5 mm long; floral bracts 1
mm long, echinate; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 0.75 mm long; sepals pale dull purple, ovate, acute,
denticulate, the dorsal 3-3.75 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, the
lateral sepals oblique, 3-3.5 mm long, 1.5-1.75 mm wide, connate 1-1.5 mm; petals transversely bilobed,
Imm long, 3mm a wide, | the lobes obliquely triangular, acute, the upper lobe dark red-purple, conspicu-
I g pically p ; lip red-purple with yellow margins,
bilaminate, the blades ovate, with rounded ends, pubescent, 1 mm long, the connectives broadly cuneate,
thick, the body broad, connate to the base f the column, the sinus obtu ith the appendix thick,
oblong, obtuse, incurved, long-ciliate beneath; column stout, 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma
Wemerctsa
piphytic in wet fe f Lita, alt. 800 m, 13 Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2964 (MO), C.
Luer illustr. 13375; same area, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, C,H. Dodson D
ayes : 12381 (Mo). er, triz, i on, D.
Also: Costa Rica (Lim6n, type; Alajuela, San José, Cartago), Panama (Chiriqui), and Colombia
This little species is widely distributed in relatively low forests from Costa Rica,
where it was described, through Panama and Colombia into northwestern Ecuador.
It is one of the very few Species that range from Central America well into the
Andes, It is characterized by the very small, elliptical, lightly convex leaves that
bear a proportionately large, colorful flower on the purple under surface of the
blade. The sepals are usually denticulate. The lobes of the petals are obliquely
triangular and pubescent. The blades of the lip are long-pubescent, and the appen-
dix is thick and incurved with either an entire or minutely bifid at the tip.
Lepanthes conjuncta Luer & Hirtz Lindleyana, 2:
Ety.: From the Latin conjunctus, “joined,” referrino 1 2: 128, 1987, ES. oe
fe tip OVO! lie
enclosed by 7-12 glabrous ge : be Ramicauls erect, slender, 4-14 cm long,
acute, acuminate, 3.5-5 cm long, 1.4-1.8 cm wide a ae Leet evo, oes aia
bome sively many fl J up t 12 mm long,
Tm eee leaf by aflform peduncle 5-17 mm long; floral trace 1 mm long; pedicels 3 mm long;
the dorsal 25
the margins
dorsal, the stigma ventral, appendix oblong, pubescent: column 1.5 mm long, the anther
J. Luer; A. Hirte, W. Flores tones co forest above Vi alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
Luer, A. Hirt: & W. Flores 10916 (MO), ); same area, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer. J
Apparently endemic j :
weak, slender ramicanls —o Ecuador, this species is characterized by the
thin, elliptical-ovate leaves with a long-acuminate
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 61
apex. The flowers are distinguished by the broad sepals, pubescent petals, and thin
elliptical lobes of the lip densely fused over the column. Blades adherent over the
column are not uncommon in the genus. This adherence is seen in the ubiquitous L.
mucronata and its numerous allies, as well as several other less closely related
species. In the case of L. conjuncta, however, the union is so solid that the blades
must be cut or torn apart to expose the column.
Lepanthes contingens Luer, ions aP 54: 335, 1983. Fig. 55.
Ety.: From the Latin conti ingens, “ th from the stigma i
LOLLAcL
af
Plant medi size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls aaa 1 pera 5-
icmp ctoatie el eee sheaths with broadly dilated af erect, coria-
ceous, variable in size and shape, from broadly ready ovate to narrowly cliptial, from 35m long 2 ca wide
tiole 2-3 mm long. Inflorescence a cnet recent flowered raceme up | to 12 mm long, bome
a filiform peduncle up to
1.25 mm
long; ovary 2 I ith eins, entire to minut utely denticulate,
the dorsal sepal triangular, seul 3.75 mm wide, connate tothe lateral se sepals for 1 mm, the sub-
acute apex shortly acuminate, th te, acute synsepal, 5 mm long,
4mm aa. the acuminate apice § approximate; petals yellow, patie th red-brown, transversely
oblong, 1.1 mm long, 4 mm wide, with a small, obtuse angle on amis at the midvein, the upper
lobe oblong, truncate, the lower lobe hag triangular, acute; lip red-brown, the blades narrowly
oblong, thin, membres ous, transparent, oe mm oe y angli
rowly obtuse apex, he blad b th 1 | the body drei a
slender, ba dal ti tr Chae Pg eae +h.
pubescen'
small gland which is in contact with a strap-shaped process from the cavity of me stigma; are
slender, clavate, 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
near El Carmelo, alt. 2400 m, May 1985, A. Hirtz 2648 (MO).
Sucu ain south of Santa Barbara, alt. 2700 m, 5 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer
9965 (MO); near Papallacta, alt. 2600 m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11281
Pichincha: below San Juén, alt. 3200 m, Oct. 1983, A. Hirtz 1311 (MO); west slopes of Mt. Cora-
zn, alt. 3100 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1849 ey bay: lliniza, alt. 2800 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2065
(MO), west slopes of Volcan Iliniza, Cerro 2800 m, 23 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz
12466 (MO).
Napo: Guacamayo Range between Tena and Baeza, alt. 2150 m, 29 Mar. 1984, C. -_ S. Dal-
strom, THe ee (MO); ee 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. F
11258 (MO); P. 2700 m. y 1984, A. Hirtz 1805 (MO), west of Baeza, alt. pve m, 14
Apr. bo C. Luer, J. ed Hirtz & W. Pores 11281 (MO).
in cloud forest east of Yangana, alt. 2850 m, 4 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, S. agi &
D. Be Ye i 7152 (Holotype: SEL); same area, alt. 2950 m, 22 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
& W. Flores 10796 (MO). ,
ua: west slope of Volcén Tungurahua, alt. 2400 m, 8 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrém & T. Hoijer
999 (MO
’ a-Chinchipe: Cajanuma Range, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 10742 (MO); east of pass east of Loja, alt.2300 m, 21 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P.
Jesup & A. Hirtz 16087 (MO).
okies Clie (Narifio)
This species is frequent and widely distributed in forests on both sides of the
Andes from Colombia to Peru. The leaves of immature plants are broadly elliptical
and obtuse, but all shapes are seen between these and some narrowly ovate, acu-
minate forms of most mature plants. The lip of the delicate flowers is most distinc
tive. The narrow, translucent blades, angled on the inner margins below the apex,
are held over the column by short connectives. The body is attached to the base of a
62 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
long, slender column by a long, slender claw. The pubescent, apical segment of the
appendix is in contact with a tongue-like process that descends from the stigma.
Lepanthes contingens is closely related to L. transparens that is distinguished by
broader, entire, lunate blades of the lip.
——— ts 1993. Fig. 56.
toa gs Gasoline Alley. ;
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 20-30 mm hy enclosed
pSacua one one ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, obtuse, 10-12 mm
Fee nn remem inten prticle 1 men ng, Inflorescence a loose, flexuous, succes-
raceme up to 6 cm long, ops: ytennapeerraam 12cm ~ kon floral bract
dora sep rt cht, cee a P glabrous, the
concave, 5 mm long, 3.5 mm wid i, the ape: iy samcia
il 2-3 g, the lateral pals 11- os eaatpophanien Ameren
the blades connate 4.5 mm i bl long, 4 mm wide, ions acute,
pore syn oage to brown, transversely | bilobed, 0. 8 mm
contracted into non-approximate tails
long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong with
the apex acu, lightly recurved: lp yellow-orange we trowe anion te blades oblong, lightly con
cave, glabrous, 1.5 mm long, with the apices subtruncate, the connectives cu
connate to the column above the base, the appendix small, triangular, Gillett, itis an enicdaate. 2 ical
Segment; column | mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest between Tulcan and Maldonado, alt. 2300 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C.
pertactaaygpecled oye ijer 9934 (Holotype: MO); same area. alt. 2050 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Héijer 9919 (MO); same area, alt 2300 m, 17 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, X.
Hirtz & J. Duane nie 47 (MO).
Imbabura:
oe ee 1989, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4250 (MO).
The sepals of L. corkyae are not ciliate; the synsepal is proportionately shorter and
broadly concave with short, acute apices contracted into longer tails. Lepanthes
/opes of northem Ecuador in the provinces of Carchi
and Imbabura. Lepenthes schizix o son the pes of Pichincha.
pare tien Tuer & Escobar, So Orguieologt 18: 36,1991. ig. 57.
i
Plant large to
wn a a it kt cio roots slender. Ramicauls slender to pe!
ht amore so § iform sheaths
the base cuneate petiole narrowly ellipti acute, 7-11 cm long, 1-1.7 cm wide,
racemes wp to 8 cas an “anh Pal onl 9 Inflorescence petianhesrea adler te:
long; pedicel 2-3 mm ovary the leaf by a si ca. | cm long; flo 2-3 mm
i i 3 mm long, With 3 fringed wings; sepals rose, carinate-strigose,
Soanate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the | » Subacute, oblige nae? 8 mm long, 5.5 mm wide,
ovate, obli -
i transversely bilobed each 1-veined; petals dull yellow with e edges,
Sbeuse, subequal in size; lip : Siete o oslo cdl 5 mm wide, be ara
attenuate, a a blades ciliate, narrowly obtuse or rounded
cuneate, fom the anterior af ofthe eas ened 3 ee es obliquely
appendix minute — the body narrow Halrow, connate to the the column near the base, the
ne slender, 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the the stigma ventral.
Ako Cdn (Paes Be, Leito, alt. 3000 m, 12 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz 1968 (MO).
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 63
This tall, slender species, found in southern Colombia and central Ecuador, is
recognized by the narrowly elliptical leaves, considerably shorter than the dei
ramicauls; the loose racemes shorter than the leaves; fringed ovaries; broad, m
ty d denticulate sepals, the laterals one-veined; and narrow blades of the oy asa
attenuate, more or less recurved bases that resemble horns.
— — — sg — Sp. Nov. Fig. 58.
Ety.: F th wrinkles,” referring to the wrinkles of the leaves.
nta grande aespit inflorescentia racemosa bef sti folio t gato ovato acum
mates breviore, sepalis ovati , petali hag: piculo defl er lobos,
i, lobo inferi yjore, labelli laminis lunati ivis latis et P lat
membranei, pe marginali.
nt large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicanls ‘Slender, erect, 15-18 cm long, enclosed
by 2 ae scabrous, lepanth Leaf suberect, thinly coria-
ceous, purple reticulate-veined, , ovate, acuminate, 8-9 cm se 3 5-4.5 cm wide, broadly cuneate below
eee cama a “3mm long. I » up to
10 mm lon: hk | QA - zx 1 fea b . 41 It
recurved, > 5mm mm long: emis 3-4 mm long; ovary 3mm long; sepals reddish, a carinate, the
dorsal sepal ovate, narrow! y abtiiee, en: 6 mm eu 4. 25 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals
for 1.5 mm, th , subacute, 6 mm ate 2.75 mm wide,
connate 2 rae petals Ev g " E 'y pubescent, transversely bilobed, 135 mm long, 5.5
ith a fil t 0.6 ] th , the upper
lobe lobe sgh larger; lip olive green, bilaminate, the — thin, glabrous, lunate, 2. 5 mm long, the
es b ig, connate to the
he ere ne a ene —— acute, 5 na rachel in nari ol tas tides eeleoins
2 mm long, with th
fos: forested ridge above La Bonita, alt. 2300 m, 15 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K.
F meer reo 2153 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 17917.
This large species is known only from the original collection. It is related to L.
cotyledon from farther south on the eastern slopes, but it is distinguished from the
latter by the longer, multisheathed ramicauls and larger leaves that are similarly
thin, crinkly and purple; a congested, long-pedicellate raceme shorter than the leaf;
petals with a thin, lateral process; and a lip with thin, transparent blades adherent
over the column, and a large concavity filling the body behind a relatively large,
oblong appendix with a lobulate apex.
. 59.
Lepanthes cotyledon Luer, Phytologia 54: 336, 1983. Fig
Ety.: From the Latin cotyledon, “a cup-shaped cavity,” referring to the cavity of the lip.
, epiphytic, it ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-15 cm long,
enclosed vo 8-11 close eminent lepanthiform epee argh sie oe va Purple
beneath, reticulate-vein ed, elliptical, 6-7 cm long, 2.5-4.5 cm wide, the apex acuminate, the bases
rounded, abruptl = <f Inflorescence an extremely congested, secund
= PE te aga st a Sia 68 ee ee
onen 1 1 here ae kL -6 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long;
4.5 mm wide, con-
sepals brown, minutely ciliate, the dorsal sepal un sos aa
petal yicopnerey aimee oni be trl ep vat oblique, lightly acuminate, acute, 5 mm
pai ir ae 2, bilobed, 1 cS 4
+h 5 AA ai 4 I take Ant
to ce bro’ uma lade hn, gos, Ia, dre medial
owe a lon. amd pb wn, re aamesietesee eos cai.
cronain tr arechner shoes Wc taee acoppaiac alti pa eaves Mace to
the column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
64 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Napo: epiphytic in wet forest between Tena and Baeza, alt. 1000 m, 23 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A.
Hirtz 6975 (Holotype: SEL); new alt. 1000 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1859
(MO); same area, alt. 1200 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11231 (MO).
Pastaza: above Mera, alt. 1000 m, 13 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz & C. Dodson 2011 (MO), C. Luer illustr,
This species occurs in forests on the eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. It
is distinguished by the broad, thin, crinkly, purple leaves; a congested, long-pedi-
cellate raceme shorter than the leaf; petals with a thin, lateral process; and a lip with
thin, transp blades adherent over the column, and a large concavity filling the
body behind a relatively large, oblong appendix with a lobulate apex.
Lepanthes cotylisea Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 60.
Bty.: From the Greek kaylistos, a litte Pop” referring to the cuplike lip. :
Plante Ab:
3
_. uta parva debilis, inflorescentia laxiflora folio ang o leviter breviore, sepalis late ovatis
leviter acuminatis, petalis bilobis, labello bilobo suborbiculato vel late subcordato inciso, appendice
oblonga pubescenti.
Plant small to medium is size, weak, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect,
69 cm long, enclosed by 8-10 microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf suberect, coria-
Seana nae acute, apiculate, 2.5-5.5 cm long, 8-11 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole
: . aw » loose, i ely 1-f] d .upt
peionberd waney ca cm long, borne behind the leaf; floral bracts 1.5 mm long; pedicels 2 mm
ri wien Sepals yellow, minutely ciliate, carinate-spiculate aaa anes
-veined. :
0.5 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, the lobes “au oblong with rounded ends; lip orange, micro-
ec ubo + . .
curved around the column to form a cup, with the een a nm long and slightly wider 7 aon,
bilobed apex incised, with an oblong, pubescent ais i ii umn, the broad,
the column: column mm long, the anther and -@ppendix in the sinus, the body connate to the base of
J. Laer, A. Hirtz,X. Hirt & J Del Herre 15140 (Holotype Mee oo 7 Mat. 1991, C. Luer,
Feb. 1992, $. Dalstrim et al.1575 (MO) (Holotype: MO); east of Maldonado, alt. 2200 m, 25
pi reves art inguished by the thin Tamicauls, narrowly ovate leaves
in length. The flower j some that eventually nearly reaches the apex of the leaf
See ga distinguished by one-veined lateral sepals and a suborbicu-
asmall appendix in the sinus St ThE apex of the lip is bilobed with
aaa crattin Luer, Phytologia 54: 337, 1983, Fig. 61.
craticius, iiticed,” in reference to the densely flowered rachis.
Sian gars en a de e225 ng
eo 18-2, ire es bide Seniag Ga
bre an ths leaf floral brat and pedo cach rn one: bome by a filifonm peduncle up to 25
the dorsal sepal ii cage mm Jon
: acute; petals 4mm, 8 mm wide together, the
mam wide, the lobes equal, oblong sr rede : Hansversely bilobed, reniform, 2.5 mm long. 5.5
bead ens crt Rane carne Tth re mg, am
" howe connectives the
nal gland; column 2.5 mong, the anther sins PPeadix broadly oblong wit po puanasapiad
anther dorsal, the stigma vent " i eianae
NSN RAS eA ate srr ins pay Frpnat loner a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 65
Morona-Santiago: between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. 2650 m, 29 Oct. 1982, C. Luer & A. Pozo
8215 (SEL); same area, alt, 2750 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree
11812, a (MO).
Loja: Parque Nacional Podocarpus at “Centro de Informacién,”’ alt. 2800-2950 m, 23 Feb. 1985, B.
Stteanrd et fe 58001, 58142 (AAU).
Zamora-Chinchipe: east of the pass between Loja and Zamora, elfin forest, alt. 2750 m, 17 Apr.
cae L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lajtnant & B. @llgaard 3673 (AAU); epiphytic in scrub vegeta-
on between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2700 m, 21 Sept. 1980, C. ee J. Luer, C. Dodson et al. $523
(Holotype SEL); same area, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10707
(MO); nak of Zamora, alt. 1500 m, 27 Jan. 1989, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 1205 (MO).
This large species occurs at high elevations in a relatively restricted area on the
eastern slope of the Andes of southern Ecuador. It is similar to many of the other
large species characterized by a congested, distichous raceme of flowers with
yellow sepals and orange petals with a red border. Lepanthes craticia is distin-
guished by the congested, distichous raceme shorter than the leaf; reniform petals;
glabrous blades of the lip with an oblong appendix with a truncate, apical segment.
a: — Luer & Hirtz, sp. Fig. 62.
Ety.: From the Greek kremastos, ‘ feule 96 nee to the pedunculated appendix.
ee 4: om fl folio elliptico b sepalis an-
+ dca cit — 5 es = 1 1 =e = s. si tah . 15. $17
nai aE r 4 Ps ‘a6 ‘
to, a a a PC liq onl g | ee el ’ labelli Ia 1 os 2 = hl 2
id Buses ; ee Eeyore 1. yd Bh A, . oe ve
Plant medium in size, epiphyti c, caespitose; roots numerous, capillary. Ramicauls erect, stout, 6-17
cm long, enclosed by 9-16 ciliate, 1 imally dilated. Leaf erect, thinly
eee elliptical, acute, 5-6 cm : Jong, 1.5-2 cm wi wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2 mm long.
orescence a congested, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up to 20 mm long, borne
behind the leaf by a filiform peduncle 20-25 mm long; floral bracts 2 mm long, echinate; pedicels 1.5
mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals yellow, denticulate, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, acute, 5 mm
long, 3 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals narrowly moe soba
uate-acute, 6 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, connate | a shortly a
bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, th lob lic vif: : ce much smal
obli ly trian ar, obtuse; I cllow, bilobed, the lobes e ong, 2 mm long, e:
deol ne - the base of the column, the
sinus obtusely acute, the i sare ovoid, bifid, pubescent, jroieic to oy sinus by a slender peduncle,
n 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma
apical.
if t of Lita, alt. 800 m, 13 Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2963 (Holo-
type: MO), C. Luer illustr. 13772.
This species is characterized by stout ramicauls much longer than the leaves;
congested inflorescences shorter than the leaves; narrowly ovate, denticulate sepals;
obliquely bilobed, obtuse, pubescent petals; and erect, oblong lobes of the lip
embracing the column, uncinate at the base, and with short apices with a long-
bescent appendix suspended between them.
Lepanthes crista- eee ee Phytologia 54: 338, 1983. Fig. 63.
Ety.: From the Latin crista pulli, “‘the comb of a chick,” referring to the small crest on the undersur-
face of the lip.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-3.5 cm tall, enclosed
ty 2-4 sah aatnoen, pentane orm sheaths. Leaf erect t, coriaceous, narro arrowly elliptical-ovate, —e.
3.5-4 cm long, 0.6-0.8 cm wide, th cuneate P 5 mm long
loose, few-flowered, flexuous raceme up to 2. cm nt eda nitania watts orm peduncle al ao hack oF
the leaf; floral bract and pedicel each 1.5 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals yellow, suffused with
66 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
brown toward the base, minutely pubescent, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 3 mm long, 2.33 mm wide, the
ovate, oblique, mm wide, connate 1 mm; petals purple, transversely
oblong, 0.5 mm long, 2.33 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, obtusely angled on the inner margin, the
apex rounded, the lower lobe smaller, narrowly oblong, obtuse; lip purple, bilaminate, the blades oblong,
glabrous, | mm long, the apex acute, the base round, the connectives broadly cuneate, the connate
to the column near the base, the body with a forked crest extemally, only slightly protruding beyond the
~ ee ae
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in wet forest north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1650 m, 4 Nov. 1982, C. Luer,
R. Escobar & D. D’ Alessandro 8280 (Holotype: SEL).
This small species, known only from the type-collection, is identified by the
narrowly elliptical leaf with a short, loose inflorescence; minutely pubescent, ovate
sepals; transversely oblong petals; and a bilaminate lip with a forked, crest-like
uN UUUY.
Lepanthes ctenophora Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 129, 1987. Fig. 64
Bty.: From the Greek ctenophoros, “comb-bearing,” referring to the appearance of the raceme.
epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-9 cm long,
» lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical,
» the cuneate b di tiole 2-3 mm 1 i
Lance & very Congested, long-pedicellate, distichous, su i ly many-fl | iP
- by a filiform ped cle 14-20 mm long; floral bracts 1 mm long, echinate;
3 mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals light yellow, ovate, subacute, entire, the dorsal se
sepals obli
: tmangular, , the
Orange-rose, —— sar narrowly obtuse above the middle
broadly cuneat w the middle, 1.2 mm long, the connectives
seed: ont forming a broad body, connate to the base of the column, the sinus obtuse with the
se ‘ 8, the anther and the stigma apical.
Esmeraldas: west of Lita, alt.
Feb. 1987, A. Hirt 3293 (MO), ike
Hirez W. Plone OOD Gc es aot of is, 950-1000 m, 20 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Laer J. Laer A. Hirt & W. Pores 10683 (MO). *°8* #84 Leia alt. 830 m, 20 Mar. 1985, C.
13 Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2962 (MO); Alto Tambo, alt. 800 m,
This species is very similar to a i
Sroup of many species found in Central Ameri-
brown choy tered to as L. turiaivae Rehb. f The ramicauls are clothed in dark
Rich . i and rigidly coriaceous. The racemes are
and compact with two rows of long pedicels, The sepals are ovate, and the
sedams coe The lip, SaaS :
developed on Ower parts of the i
3 nh lobes while the
le the narrowed portion above the
column. The appendix is reduced to a minute clump of
By: From the Lain cian ee Ortideologia eno logia 19(2): 91, 1994. Fig. 65.
sheaths. crest anicauls erect, slender, 15-18 mm long, enclosed
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 67
triangular, 9.5 mm jong, 40 16s mm wide, 3-veined, te to the 1 1 sepals for 5 mm to fi cup
shaped flower, the apex i I the lateral pal ti
5mm sic ans tind cober, bifid lamina, 9.5 mm eo ag: 12 mm wide, '4-veined the apices sub-
acute, iva for 3 mm; petals red medially, orange laterally, minutely ate + transversely bilobed,
0.75 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the lobes nearly equally long, the upper lobe narrow. . , the
lower lobe narrowly triangular, the apex acute, long-ciliate; i: blades red toward the
with the
base, yellow-white toward the apex, glabrous, long-ciliate at the apices, narrowly « oblong, 2 mm yeaa
oe very short, cuneate, the bod t th the
appendix oblong, long-pubescent; column 1.25 mm long, the anther apical and the stigma ventral.
Pichincha: without specific locality, alt. 2600-2800 m, June 1990, collected by J. Aguirre, flowered
in cultivation at Colomborquideas, 27 Dec. 1990, R. Escobar 4062 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 14924.
Also Colombia (Quindio, type).
This species is distinguished by the relatively large, cup-shaped flower borne
above the little, lens-shaped leaves in a successively flowered distichous raceme by
a slender peduncle longer than the leaves. The central apparatus is held out from
the back of the sepaline cup. The apices of the sepals are obtuse, the laterals con-
nate to near the apices. The petals are slender and erect. The blades of the lip are
slender and long-ciliate at the apices. The appendix is oblong and pubescent.
Lepanthes cymbium is closely allied to the rare L. chelonion Luer & Escobar
from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, but the latter differs in a deeply concave
synsepal at the base with long apices with revolute margins.
—— dalessandroi Luer, Phytologia 54: 338, 1983. Fig. 66.
Ety.: Named in honor of Dennis D’Alessandro formerly of Vilcabamba, Ecuador, who discovered
this species.
medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender to comparative-
y stout, a 8 cm oon enclosed by 3-6 close, microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths,. Leaf
, coriaceous, narrowly — subacute t to obtuse, 2-5 cm long, 0. Tl. -1 mm wide, the base narrowly
ps into a ais 3-5 mm long. I , subflexuous, loosely
flowered raceme up to 33 cm see including the peduncle 7-12.5 cm long: flowers large, orange-brown,
2- 3 open simultaneously, floral bract 2 5 3 mm — pedicel 4-10 mm ~~ ovary, costate, 2-41 mm
0-17 mm long, 8-14 mm
sepals for 3-5 n mm, the acute apex. attenuated into a slender tall 4-13 — -* ‘lateral sepals
0-19 mm long, 9-14 ons
ang eters d apex bifurcated, bi tails 4-18 mm long; petals or nn portent transversely
oblong, bilobed, 1 mm long, 3-4 mm the lobes equal, oblong, with rounded ends; lip orange or
, the laminae thick, ade convex, pubescent, 1-1.5 mm es mm wide expand-
e
ee er with a minute apiculum; column column 1.5-2 mm long, stout, the anther and
stigma apical.
ja: epiphytic in cloud forest south of Yangana, alt. 2400 m, 3 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, D. D’ Alessan-
dro rs S. Dalstrém 7087 (Holotype: SEL).
Zamora-Chinchipe: forest east of the pass east of Loja, alt. 2000 m, 22 May 1988, C. Luer, A
Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. rane ne 13577 (MO); between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2000-2400 m, 4
Mar. 1990, S. reine & L. Arnby 1450 (MO).
This spectacular species was probably first discovered east of Loja about 1975
by Walter Teague who has successfully cultivated the plant in San Francisco. It was
later discovered in a different locality by Dennis D’ Alessandro who led me to the
spot. Unaware of Teague’s cultivated specimen, this species was named in honor of
D’ Alessandro.
The flowers of this species are some of the largest known in the genus. Long,
loose racemes produce 1 to 3 flowers simultaneously. The synsepal is similar to the
dorsal sepal except for the bifid apex. The blades of the lip are thick, pubescent,
crescent-shaped margins of the connectives.
68 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes decurva Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 38, 1987. Fig. 67.
Ety.: From the Latin decurvus, “ erring to the inflorescence.
large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse . Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-32 cm long, enclosed by
10-14 glabrous, sel iting epanthiform sheaths, microscopically ciliate on the margins 0! of the upper
ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, acute, acuminate, 7-10 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, the round-
ed Getusscalinentianws petiole 5-9 mm long. Inflorescence racemose, arrange many-flowered,
laxly flowered below, becoming congested above, up to 5 cm long, decurved near iddle, bome
eee ae un aon 15-3 cm long; floral bract Ba anc ticagnins aco
oe ee inutely short-ciliate, ovate-triangular, acute,
hk 4 1 1° 1
pon 5m
saa tne sepa athens, 7mm long, 4.5 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm, 3-veined; petals yellow with
ee ce cana oh ons petnescebeugelpa narrowed between
prea ean leona. ith lamina shiny maroon
glabrous, th ae en dhe Praster fx d, " ‘o the
oped em oo yewaton ndix; column 2 mm lon; , the anther
dorsal, the stigma ventral. ie ‘
d Lim6n, alt. 3180 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. eA Fires Linie Glenys MO).
This large, robust species is closely allied to L. caudatisepala. It also occurs at
a high altitude about 3000 meters above sea level, but only in a limited area of
Ecuador. Vegetatively indistinguishable with the stout ramicauls clad
in glabrous. non-dilated sheaths, it is identified by the shorter inflorescence de-
curved near the middle, and denticulate sepals with the laterals three-veined. The
sepals of L. caudatisepala are either smooth-margined or microscopically denticu-
late. The minute, biglandular appendices of the two taxa are also similar.
Lepanthes deformis Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 38,
; 2 1987. Fig. 68.
Ety.: From the Latin deformis, “misshapen,” in allusion to to the appearance of the lip. :
Went ,
1 Ramicauls slender, suberect, 2-6.5 cm
log ccd by 6 Hack ph Sting holy pba, ei ss Leaf erect in
ssame moon ihe neni udly ellip rbicular, 2.5-4 cm long, 1.2-
ha tant hk pa very dense, di rs horagyanade + 3, £1 7 t petiole oda ek 4
onary Im sepals ¢ eis bract echinate, | mm lon a2, 1
: 1 yellow, ovate, mm ce. aa ene,
pssing mm long; dull y. Seeks isemine Ee wide, con-
mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals petals yellow-orange wi 3.25 mm long, 2
. border, microscopically pubescen
it pon 25mm ong, 4m wide, the lobes oblong with rounded ends ees
ones 2 me rd <_ ion irre veined veil 1.25
the be ep pial margin erose, the bases rounded, thickened, ciliate, the connectives
ovoid, ciliate srpesiiz,clnen [Suming eet ee Pac ee pegs aR
Esmeraldas: west of Lita
nS eee 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &
Sali er Ra Kuijt 9857 0857 (elon eee at 100mm, 1 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz,
deformity of the lip. The blades
are united into a thin, irre Seno the ened Veil overlying the column which is twisted
about 45 degrees and bent to the
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 69
——— deleastes Luer, ets 53: 339, 1983. Fig. 69.
Ety.: From the Greek deleastes, * Ye ea? Po
Plant small t di ytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 2-12
cm long, enclosed by 6-13 close, ine ate lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, more or
less reticulated with purple e beneath, ovate, rere 152-5 cm wide, the apex acute to shortly
acuminate, ong. Inflorescence a congested,
distichous, successively flowered raceme es am 10 mm long, sas by a “filiform Rigen - to 12 mm
long; sepals
wh
purple with a yellow border, premio in cilia e, ovate, subacute to acute, 13 mm
long, 2 mm wide e, connate pals, the lateral pals obliq a mm — 1.5 mm
wide, te 0. Pp age with a red bord » tra ly oblong, bilobed, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm
wide, with a small, obtu th idvein, th lobe broadh
> rere o ob-
tuse, the nisiige a kobe smaller, hong obtuse, i purple, i the blades oblong with obtuse ends,
15 mm lon
o
t, oblong, with an ovoid gland below the apex; column
Seu ae the anther pee the stigma ventral.
Napo: epiphytic in wet forest north of Tena, alt. 1100 m, 22 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 6937
(Holotype: SEL); between Cotundo and Coca, alt. | 1000 m, Feb. 1984, A. Hirtz — a ae Rio
Topo, alt. 1300 m, 5 oe ae A. Hirtz 2072 200 m, 1
1985, Sh . Luer, J. Luer, irtz & W. Flores 11224
(MO).
alt. 1150 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz
& W. Flores 11190 pr aie Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m, 13 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz & C. Dodson 2013
(MO).
ep Cordillera del Condor east of Chuchumbletza, alt. 1650 50m, 21 May 1988, C.
Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13538 (MO);
alt. 1000 m, 5 Feb. 1087, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12655 (MO), north of the pass of Gualaquiza,
alt. 1700 m, 17 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11883 OM). Cordillera del
Cutuct, between Mendez and Morona, alt. 950 m, 18 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup & A.
Hirtz 13978 (MO).
peaches agen Quebrada Honda, alt. 1100 m, 18 Jan. 1982, D. D’ Alessandro 122 (SEL);
Nudo de Sabanilla, alt. m, 20 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrm & T. Héijer 1083, 1085 (MO).
This colorful species is frequent in the forests of the lower, eastern slopes of
southern Ecuador. It is one of several species characterized by a purple dorsal sepal
with yellow or green margins. The congested racemes are shorter than the ovate
leaves; the ovate sepals are minutely denticulate; the petals are broadly transversely
oblong; and connectives of the lip are very short with a pubescent, segmented
appendix between.
— delhierroi Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 445, 1993. Fig. 70.
Ety.: Named in honor of Juan Del Hierro of Quito, Ecuador, who discovered this species.
Plant small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, eee oe 35
cm long, enclosed by 5-7 lepanthiform v
co , suffused purple beneath, elliptical, obtuse, 1.7-2.8 cm long, 0.7-1.2 cm aieLa
cuneate into a — 3-4 mm n long. pals ae a loose, distichous, successively several-flowered
raceme up to 6 lender peduncle 2-3 cm long; floral bracts 1 1.5 mm n long; pedicels
2-3 mm long; a costate, Tp oe sepals red-purple, glabrous, ovate, long-acuminate , the
dorsal sepal, 13 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the ler spas, blige,
14mm , connate 6 mm transverse!
bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 4.25 mm wide, ica arte obtuse, .. the lower lobe smaller, narrowly
triangular, lip orang bilaminate, the blades narrowly oblong-ovate,
e-brown, microscopically
with the apices slightly everted, narrowly rounded, 2 mm long, the connectives broad, from below the
middle, the broad, connate to near the middle of the column, the appendix pubescent, oblong,
reli the apex with a two-homed gland; column terete, 2 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma
ventral.
70 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Napo: epiphytic in cloud forest between een El Carmelo and La Bonita, alt. 2400 m, Aug. 1990, A.
Hirtz,X. Hirtz, J. Del Hierro & iscuseir te (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 15282.
: epi fi Valle del Paute, alt. 2200-2400 m, flowered in cultiva-
tion by A. Andreetta at Paute, 16 May 1988, C. Luer 13366 (Holotype: MO).
This showy species is distinguished by a loose, flexible, successively few-
flowered raceme much longer than the elliptical leaf. The large red flower with
yellow veins is characterized by broad, concave sepals that are abruptly acuminate
into short tails. The petals are red and bilobed. The blades of the lip are red and
y callous toward the base. Most remarkable in the membranous, sling-
like ake with a knoblike apex that holds a long, curved process that descends
from the stigma. A form with farther south.
In habit this species is superficially similar to other medium-sized species with
relatively large flowers borne in a long, loose raceme (e.g. L. capitanea Rchb. f. and
L. effusa S Schltr. ). Lepanthes delhierroi i is distinguished by the long-acuminate
blades of the lip with everted apices, and with an
involute appendix with a minute, two-homed gland at the apex
Lepanthes ua Luer, 5 1
By re he a elu ae, a 1984. cen _ Fig 71.
appendix of —
y alu
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots filiform. Ramicauls slender
, erect, 3.5-5.5 cm tall, enclosed
by 5-7 12 om wide, cance below id Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 22-25
mm long, -12 mm wide, cur be the subpetiolate base. Inflorescence er eae flexuous,
1. cm long; floral
hast LS mn hen et poli A pacers 1 mm long; aero. auiecty suffused
cu » minutely denticulate, the dorsal singe es concave, acute, acuminate, 6 mm long,
£ , oblique, connate
3m 65mm log 375 mam ide ger, the : a te eta et Soe
with medially, narrowly transve transversel
fa y ob
— ve te me triangular-oblong, narrowly racer aan lobe longer; lip
ihe min’ sito apm borbicular, 1.33 mm long and wide, deflexed to
FR ieee = 5 i dae of of the blades
direc tly AAI, ae re 3 ° -_. A; colum
1.5 mm long, de d. UGE othe Cakes Miers Sell ae * ve = =* —
bifireated nO ge
bs Cap, tigma ventral.
Pichincha: road to Mindo, alt. 2400 m, Aug. 1990, A
te A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro 4932 (MO).
PO cea Palma, alt. 2800 m, July 1983, A. Hirtz 1255 (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr.
This ste is rare, having been found on only two occasions in distant
si ea flexuous raceme that surpasses the elliptical-
oblong kat des a, oe narrowly transverse petals; and a lip with
connectives connate
‘ ‘ a a body oe directly to the column above
Lepanthes
cmap tase fee Ane Orchid Soc. Bull. 54 54: 161, 1985. Fig. 72
small, epiphytic, caespitose; oe Ramicaul suberect to erect,
ecthestty etme Onn sa if any ee sihrol
serbia, 1-12 lng, IS mm wide rmded epee eee
= 10S amg oe Inflorescence a a subdense, distichous, rapt dey pam
tt m 7
~~ f J,
, Spats light y [Aieiicuhe acai son oe
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 71
dorsal sepal white —— = pee 3 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm,
the lateral sepals 3 mm wide, connate 0.75 mm; petals yellow, suffused with orange on the
margins, glabrous, arcs bilobed, 0. 8 mm — - : mm wide, with a broad, obtuse angle on the
] ; lip orange, suffused
with rose, , glabrous, the blades narrowly ovate, 2 mn mm mong the apices acute, microscopically ciliate
medially, the bases round. , the sinus
cleft with a sigmoid, ppendix, column 2 mm mt th herd 1. the sti
7 oo
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor, east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J.
— A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11911 ro above pass north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1800 m, 17
1986, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 1069 (MO) , alt. 1750 m, 6 Feb. 1987,
. Hirtz 12702 (MO).
Pastaza: e a, in cloud forest north of Tena, alt. 1500 m, March 1984, A. Hirtz 1769, (Holotype:
MO), C. Luer ame
ngura ies ween 1 Rio Verde and Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. iit 11178 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1600 m, 4 Feb. 1987, C.
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12626 (MO); same area, alt. 1550 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores
A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13448 (MO).
This species is not uncommon in the forests of the eastern lowlands of Ecuador.
The round, purple-reticulated leaves of this delicate, distinctive little species are
borne by much longer, frail, long-ciliate stems. The subdense raceme is borne
behind the leaf. The sepals and lobes of the petals are acute, the blades of the lip
are narrowly ovate, and from the cleft sinus protrudes an S-shaped appendix.
Lepanthes didyma Luer & Hirtz, sp. n
Ety.: From the Greek didymus, ‘ =H SE RR TE PEED Pe
or _
ae a < ce
divergentibus, lab llo bilobo laminis tantum inf: dium oblongis columnam cingentibus ad apices
Plant medium i Ramicauls a short distance below
the leaf, “aaa saat shicatie ee ciliate. ‘Leaf scedire erect, ee sadage elliptical,
<3 ep rion 1.5-2.2 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1.5 mm ciara
successi
aoc lads 13. 18 mm rates floral bracts imbricating, In long, muriculate; pedicel 2.5-3 mm
ovary 3 mm long; sepals , the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 3 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, connate
to the lateral sepals for 0.5 srs the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, obtuse, 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide,
ee each 2-vein ed; petals microscopically pubescen so arta" Crane pe taped
, triangular, d
-oblong, | with the ces sand bases rounded, the aioe
mile, cllatar paboece clita aan is api ne body broad, connate the
heme nf is - “+h termal. th ongated, sigmoid, pubes-
cent; column pic weg alice eat HW
Pichincha: Rio Toachi, alt. 1000 m, Feb. 1987, A. Hirtz 3189 (Holotype, MO), C. Luer illustr.
4724.
This species is apparently rare in an area that has been intensively ropes
especially during the recent years, but it has been found but once by Hirtz.
tunately, only a leaf with inflorescence is preserved, the dried plant having pes
peared. With the broadly elliptical, obtuse leaves and a very congested, long-
pedicellate inflorescence, this species is superficially similar to the sympatric L.
pecunialis. Lepanthes didyma is distinguished by the large petals with forked,
me lobes, and a suborbicular lip that embraces the column and is cleft anteri-
orly. The appendix is long, sigmoid in profile, and pubescent.
72 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes juncta Luer & Hirtz, Lindle 2: 129, 1987. Fig. 74.
Ety.: a kane “separate,” See ti tree Ws of the Hip.
epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-33 mm long, enclosed
bitin eo ate i ae i Leaf erect, co coriaceous, ovate, subacute, 8-15 mm
5-7.5 mm th petiole 1-1.5 mm long.
scongete,dsichots, 1-fl t
the filif fl Tt 0.751 mm long sacl pubs scent; pedicel 1 mm Jong;
Is di nd with vate, acute, cari nate-spiculate, den
reaper eal SE a mm wide, co onnate to the lateral C5 ante tos tetcisl
oblique, acuminate, 4.5-5.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, at ces: cetide trighe Geange-
brown or yellow suffused with red medially, glabrous, oy Aer genaaeraain lied ger
she hlest oer concave, 2mm long, re acuminate, ciliate, he b ded a
is
* Lt
oblong. bisegmented. pub : di ising fi th dersurf: of the column; . cohnan Pao
1
as —— 1,
It. 2400 m, 13 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J.
Luer, A. Jesup, yey Hirtz & S. omg carers 2 la) Gieded, alt. 2000 m
11 Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz 5057 (MO).
epiphytic in cloud forest above Yangana north of the pass, alt. 2400 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10881 (Hol Yangana
and Valladolid, alt. 2600 m, 25 Jan. 1989, JE. Madsen 85671 (AAU, QCA).
Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10909, 1 1094] (MO), east of the pass east of Loja, alt. 2600 m, 21 Jan.
1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup & A. Hirtz 16065 (MO).
&
This little species is relatively frequent in the mountainous forests of southeast-
em Ecuador. It is identified by the ovate leaves that are eventually surpassed by a
congested, distichous, successively flowered raceme of comparatively large, color-
ful flowers. The sepals are acute and minutely denticulate; the lobes of the petals
are acute, the upper larger than the lower; the blades of the lip are narrowly ovate
with acuminate apices; the narrow connectives meet at the ~ of the column
barely forming a body where a bi
i ee 4
Lepanthes dodsonii Luer. pry he dag 340, 1983. Fig. 75.
Pa eat a beeee ot ieney Dodson, investigator of the flora of Ecuador, who discovered
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-30
Pa arias ee, ily da eo Lea eco pa
veins red on green, obtuse, 15-18 mm long, 13-17 mm
dhatithnee ne oadly cordate, abruptly contracted into petiole 1 mm mm long. Infl erst
orescence a cong
e 4 6 long, on
the dorsum of the leaf: floral t 1 << RI y
: mm ary 1 long, ciliate on the ribs;
Muiglimie!c. sree gaa , the
Ovate, oblique, connate 2 mm, 6 mm long, 4 a
—
<. ae Raa, tlie; Micheal Qi tas lang. 45 anak wide do tone
np aie fend) ang en een acute; lp red, bilaminat, cxiicin saneele
oe me the poteior portion ofthe nds te ody an connate to the base of the
— appendix oblong, obtuse, ciliate; column 1.5 mm long. the anther dorsal, the stigma
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 73
Esmeraldas: northwest of Cristal, alt. 1450 m, 29 Dec. 1990, C. H. Dodson & T. Neudecker 18616
(MO).
Imbabura: sy: cm Lita, » alt. 1250 m, collected Jan. 1967, flowered i din Lamas by P. Jesup in
Bristol, CT, C. Luer 12853 (h alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar.
1991. C. Luer, J. pn & A. Hirtz 15174 (MO).
EI Oro: SAR ei ae nek te 10 Km west of Pifias, alt. 900 m, 19 July 1979, C. H. Dodson et
al. 8475 (Hol EL), C.1 Pifias, alt. 1200 m, Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2218 (MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia, Risaralda)
This species is uncommon but widely distributed in Ecuador and Colombia. It
is easily distinguished by the bluntly cordate, rugose-pubescent leaves often with
red veins. Borne on top of the leaf is the green flower with acuminate, denticulate
sepals; narrow, pubescent petals; narrow, angled blades of the lip with an oblong
appendix
Lepanthes amater vilcoree: bli ior Bot. Venez. 3: 333, eh a
Sa Lepanthes hispida Luer & Escobar, One 16: 146, 1984.
Ety.: From the Latin hispidus, “hispid,” ly coarsely pub heaths of
the ramicauls of the clone described,
piphyt it d eameaie taresi Aa i ee Pat
—— a cd by a ciliate cl ie coarsely), eat ra sheaths with dilated o:
often th purp!
a. Leaf erect,
beneath, co riaceous, elliptical-ov. ovate, subacute, acuminate, eaten 1.5-4
eae th y ; petiol ih aaalaic: g- Inflorescence a
congested, di 4 tn 20 } B. 2 hin Emad’ Bs
filiform eres 10-20 mm nina: up ta 3 flowers open simultaneously; ‘floral bracts 1.5-2 mm long;
pedicels 1-1.5 mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals light ae to pieneenn white, sometimes suffus
t purple, carinate, glabrous, minutely denticulate, the dorsal , acuminate,
8 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5-1 mm, ieee oe ovate,
subacute to obtuse, acuminate, 6-8 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, connate 2-3 mm; petals yellow,
with red, brown or purple, minutely pubescent, transversely | bilobed, 1 L. 5 mm long, 3. tc ae — —
apex
lobe obtusely triangular, ee ies wis oat, ines marginal angle e between
the lobes; lip rose to red-brown, bilaminate, the blades pubescent, oblong with rounded ends, 1.7-2 mm
long, the connectives s broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate to the base of the column, the sinus
nt; column stout, 1.5 mm
obtuse err ——
long, th +} . 1 Ad. ae. tral
na-San d a] A £. = oe ae 1 AT tenh , alt 3180
m, 16 Feb 1986, C. ee . Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. bree 11807 (MO ).
Also Venezuela (T: ap » type) and Colombia (Norte de Santander, Santander, Cundinamarca,
Antioquia, Tolima, Quindio )
This species is relatively frequent and widely distributed from Venezuela into
Ecuador. It is variable in size, but most variable in the shape of the petals. The
illustration published by Foldats with his description reflect very well some of the
forms encountered in Ecuador. Dunsterville’s illustration in the Venezuelan field
guide was identified as the Ecuadorian L. pteropogon Rchb.f. The petals are rela-
tively small with an oblong upper lobe that varies from obtuse to contracted medial-
ly into a short lobule; the lower lobe is obliquely triangular; and often a marginal
angle exists between the lobes. Otherwise, the sepals are minutely denticulate and
subacute-acuminate; and the blades of the lip are oblong and pubescent. The
appendix ovoid, pubescent is modified in various ways throughout the range.
74 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes echo Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 447, 1993. Fig. 77.
Bty.: Named fi the mythologi I ny ph Ech , the larg fl indful of L. dalessandroi.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic SP, eee meee io al der, erect, 3-7 cm long,
enclosed by 4-7 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths . Leaf erect, cori ce erent elliptical, acute, ek
cm long, 0.8-1 cm wide, the base cuneate cuneate into a petiole 2-4 mm long. Inflorescence a subcon ested,
distichous, successively re gated amechaecenragh to 10 mm long, bome ¢ beyond the leaf by a xionder
ng; g' 1 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 2.5
aceite epals glabrous, the dorsal al gal acute, lightly acuminate, oe
Is for 4 M ate 12 mm into a trian:
ype 11 mm wide, the apices in in apposition, acute, lightly acuminate, free ations pe
minutely ly bilobed, 1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe, ovate, oblique, acute,
Pa | 6. Rohl the lower
& x
lobed, pubescent, he lobes flabellat wits rounded,
bce mars attr Ha 1mm long, 3.6mm ide xp ded, the lobes (connectives)
umn, the appendix small, oblong, pubes-
a
eee ae .} te fale bin
te a 4 S : a A, SS @he oti
J
Zamora-Chinchipe: in forest near Nambija, alt. 1300 m, Feb. 1987, A. Hirtz 3315 (Holo-
type MO), C. Luer illustr. 14712; same area, alt. 1300 m, June 1991, A. Hirtz 5507 (MO).
_ This species is known only by the type-collection by Alexander Hirtz. It is
similar to L. dalessandroi, known from nearby localities, but it is easily distin-
guished by the short, more or less congested raceme borne by a peduncle beyond
the leaf, The flower is large, with the triangular dorsal sepal and synsepal g
widely in opposite directions. The incurved, apical portion of the lower lobe of the
petal is thickened. The blades of the lip consist merely of the thickened margins of
fan-shaped lobes of the lip.
Lepanthes effusa Schitr
nay Ro ee ee 1A M5195. Re 7
Lepanthes millei , Repert. N
Ety.: Nacbietungbacie en, soagibteg 14: 11915.
Plant es di i i » epiphytic, erty 1 3 D . * t, slender, 2-8 cm
ah Ra
= lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, often
petiole 3 re ben igi 1535 em gOS? ene the base cuneate into a
on eS om
Perreau ely sever raceme up
1-5 cm long; floral bracts 0.75-1.75 cals 1-2
Sey 5 ee eats 0751.75 mm hong: pod
the lateral Rte the ltoa the middle, sate, 5-10 mm long, 3-5.5 mm wide, coil to
lateral sepals for 1 t
lamina, 475-11 mm long, 3-6 i acute, bifid
wide; petals yellow with purple on edge or fe anty point.
lobe smal ip yellow {Smming, 375-475 tm ide the les oblong, cbtuse, oblique, the lower
Imbabura: Selva
same area, 2600 m, sages a Ptige ewig C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 3872, 3873 (SEL);
Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9979, 9984, 9997 (MO), ); Same area, alt. 2850 m, 6-7 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Pichincha: valley of Lloa, near
alt. 2750 m, 5 Nov. 1984, i mamrecuc. vgn MO) wit sly ope Lloa,
ia, alt. 2400 m,7 pile ee Re wie: L. millei: be i 9 PO
tg 1905,C- teen F T Hoier b A Hirtz 9994 (MO), west of Calacali, alt.
oh 200 eg gry gee irtz, C. en Daten LIRA ; West Illiniza,
Hirtz 2035 (MO); west recor ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 75
2900 m, 23 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12452 (MO); Pasachoa, alt. 3300 m, Feb. 1984, A.
Hirtz 1551 (MO); Ruminiahui, Pasachoa, alt. 2800-3500 m, 7 Feb. 1988, C. Cerén & R. Alarcén 3548
(Mi
).
Bolivar: cloud forest at h of Chillanes, alt. 2650 m, 25 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim
T. Héijer, A. Hirtz & J. ee 9720 (MO); south of San Miguel, alt. 2650 m, 25 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Dalstrém, T. Héijer, A. Hirtz & J. Kuijt 9695 (MO).
Zaclene Sigsigpamba, alt. 2700 m, 9 Feb. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 3945 (SEL).
This species occurs locally on both sides of the Andes of Ecuador. It is charac-
terized by elliptical leaves and relatively large flowers borne in a loose, flexuous
raceme. The size of the plant, the length of the inflorescence, and the size of the
flowers vary considerably. Sometimes the tip of an entire raceme with small flow-
ers barely surpasses the leaf, but usually the raceme does not begin to bear flowers
until beyond the leaf. Schlechter described simultaneously a small-flowered form
as L. millei following a description of a larger-flowered form as L.
The flowers of . effusa are distinguished by an acute dorsal sepal and a similar
but shortly bifid synsepal. Their non-caudate apices easily distinguish L. effusa
from other similar species with loose racemes (some forms of L. capitanea, L.
corkyae, L. delhierroi, and L. schizix). The lobes of the petals are narrowly oblong
and opposite. The blades of the lip are oblong and borne by narrow, obliquely
kward connectives from their bases.
ss a eres Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 36, 1987. __ Fig. 79.
Ety.: From the Latin ejectus, ‘cast out app b yond t
apex 18 the leaf.
Plant epiphytic, it: lend Ramicauls very slender, erect to suber-
, 5-1 aaee enclosed by 8-13 ti tighth thif
dilated ostia. Leaf sub-erect to coma 8 tiny coriaceous, ovate, acute, long -acuminate, 3-4, 5 on cm
long, 1.2-1.8 cm | wide, the base cuneate in nen e 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, dis-
tichou ous, ong, b ee ee one
4 1 We AD 1 oa a ee see | Sein long;
Imm long; sepals light orange, , ovate, acute, the dorsal sepal pe mm long, 3mm —— connate to rhe
lateral sepals for less than 1 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide, te 2 mm;
Is red-orange, microscopically cent, transversely bilobed, plemaen-g 4 wie re
subequal, narrowly triangular , narrowly obtuse; lip dark red, shortly
suborbicular, ciliate, 1 mm long, the connectives thick, oblong, connate to the base of the column, the
sinus with a comparatively large, pubescent, triangular, concave appendix; column stout, 0.8 mm
long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
Zamora-Chinchip in cloud forest above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 17 March 1984, C.
Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. psatcg J. ras & D. D’ Alessandro 9589 (Holotype: _ same area, 23 March
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10935 (MO); Nudo de Sabanilla, alt. 2400 m, 20 Jan. 1986,
S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 1080 (MO).
This species is one of several characterized by an elongated peduncle with the
densely flowered raceme hanging over the acuminate apex of the leaf, a characteris-
tic similar to that of L. vespertilio Rchb.f. Lepanthes ejecta is distinguished by the
ovate, glabrous sepals; transversely narrowly bilobed petals; ciliate, suborbicular
blades of the lip with a cymbiform appendix. It is locally abundant in cloud forests
of southern Ecuador.
76 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ae ean gaeraien 132, 1987. es Fig. 80.
Ety.: the I l th lip th td
not form distinct laminae.
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 2-5 mm long, enclosed
sk malemne aan. lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf more or less spreading, ¢ coriaceous,
ovate, ee a nce cies econ th
tiole 1.5 mm long I ly 1-fl 10 ences
long, b f the leaf h ape by a filiform peduncl 10-25 mm lng, floral
loans Une tae oe eee Is ligt
with purple, carinate, ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, gan tay a 2mm
connate 1 mm; petals yellow, pl tieatcapicaly pean, eemeeily stl, Ob am ioe g, 2mm wide,
the upper lobe obliquely oblong, subacute, with an obtuse angle on the inner margin, seb aaa
ee enemy penoncemt, bilated, Ro lines thickened, ovate, acute
of the column, the appendix small, oblong, pubescent; column aan stigma
apical.
Los Cedros Reserve, wet forest, alt. 2100 m, 26 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H.
Wannorp 1771 (MO).
Pichincha: ic in cloud forest near Mindo, alt. 2000 m, 6 Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2149 “
MO), C. Luer illustr. 11505. nes
Lepanthes elaminata is apparently infrequent and confined to the forests of the
westem slopes of northern Ecuador. It is identified by the small habit, and spread-
ted raceme of little flowers reaching or overhanging
the tip. The thickened, ovate lobes of the lip flank the sides of the column, but they
are not developed into blades that cover the column. A small, oblong appendix is
present.
electilis Luer ver, Phytologia 54: 341, 1983, ig. 81.
Ety.: From the Latin electilis, “‘choice,” alluding to the attractive qualities of the plant. si
Bilant B.S . . sa * a
» piphytic, nder. Ramicauls slender, erect, enclosed by 5-
9 minutely ciliate, ciliate, lepanthiform coriaceous, elliptical-ov: acuminate, 2.5-
7.5 cm long, i ny tee tay ran apes angen
peduncle about half as long as the leaf, 1-2 flowers open si produces simulta
1-2 racemes
PUT “fiecipe ad sauteed arch sin, ung sah p39 a ig.
jr, bd Ian 4-5-5 ent ang. Stane obi sea the api tal. SRE T ta
mera ke wide, microscopically pubescent, the upper lobe dark purple, ovate, obtuse,
sng Ses hg Wiuepacly peeve a ok ee the
blades lunate, convex, mm long, the ends rounded, the connectives
shor, broadly cuneate, the broad, connate to th
PIR ot a. f Salced » alt. 3000 m, 12 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A.
Luer illustr. 10511. Coil dn Lanes, alt. 3000 m, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2123 (MO), C.
Morona-Santiago:
Saraguro, alt. 2400 m, 5 Jan. 1995, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & E. Sanchez 6091 (MO).
___rhis species i
iar 's uncommonly collected, apparently restricted to forests at a high
raceme that exceeds the leaf in length: Co netted by the loose
triangular, entire, acute sepals; transverse
oblong petals; and broad labellar blades with short connectives and an se
connate to
denticulate, a wide,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 77
—— elegantula Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni ee 3 14: 127, 1915. Fig. 82.
Ety.: From the Latin elegantulus, “elegant,” referring to the large-flowered inflorescence.
ant medium to reise J lates i in size, epiphytic, > CARTONS roots slender. oer fon —
Acaen, 5-8 cm long, enclosed by 5-8 minutel
ceous, elliptical, obtuse, 3-4 cm long, 1-1.7 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-4 mm ae mee
Rares escence a loose, strict, successively several- to many-flowered raceme up to 15 cm long including
1. 5-2 mm long; pedicels 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 1.5-2 mm
aca sepals brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ti triangular, acute, lon ong-acuminate, 16-18 mm long, 7-8 mm
wide, 3-veined, 10 mm into an ovate,
acute, long-acuminate lamina, 16-20 mm long, 7-8 mn wide, with the free pay narrowly acute, 4-5
a ee ee microscopically pubescent, ly bilobed, 1.5 mm long,
4mm wide, the lower lobe slight smaller; lip yellow or orange-
brown, Se wo blades oblong-obovate with the ends rounded, mit minal ciliate, 2.25 mm oii the
connectives broadly f the blade, th y to the base of
the appendix annie st cute; column terete, 2 mm long, th th pical, the stigma ventral.
Pichincha: in forests of Mt. Coraz6n and Mt. Pichincha, May 1885, A. Sodiro 24 (Holotype
stroyed at B); West Iliniza, alt. 2800 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2063 (Lectotype he re designated: nanos
Mt. Corazén, m, collected by A. Hirtz, Sine apie c. Luer 4385 (SEL).
Pastaza: Cordillera de eee a. above y Monica and Fernando Navarro,
flowered in cultivation in Quito, 24 Mar. 1991, C. oe 15260 (MO).
This species occurs locally at high altitudes in central Ecuador. It is very similar
to L. capitanea and could be considered to be nothing more than an exceptionally
large-flowered variation. It is distinguished from the latter by the larger habit with
twice larger leaves; a loose, strict rachis; and larger, bilabiate flowers with acu-
minate sepals about 17 millimeters long with free apices of the lateral sepals. The
sepals of L. capitanea are less than 12 millimeters long, usually about nine, and the
sepals are merely acute with the apex of the synsepal barely bifid.
i sr elephantina Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 141, _ Fig. 83.
Ety.
rom the Latin elephantinus, “of an elephant,”’ referring to the tusklike of the lip.
long,
Plant medium to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 5-19 cm
enclosed by 7-12 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, a arenes Ee
beneath, ellipti pt reine 1.7-2.6 cm wide, th Pp t apse » api
segmen ent 1-1.5 cm long, mucrona ted into a peti 4 mm long. a
cence a congested, distichous, ively many-fl d re pt ue cae nom hacen eet
leaf by a slender peduncle 1-1.5 cm long; floral bract 1.5 ig; Pe g; ovary oe
sepals purple, edged in yellow, denticulate, the dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, acute, acuminate, 7
long, 4.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, = y triangular,
=~ acute, 8 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, connate 1 mm; right rose, minu trans-
rsely bilobed, 0.8 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe narrowly oblong, obtuse, the lower lobe very
inet, a am , truncate; lip bright rose, bilaminate, the blades glabrous, narrowly noes
rowly acuminate, incurved, 3 mm long, obtuse a the base, the connectives narrowly cuneate, Nom
pe hd cy. ith : ute, ghicidlew clavate t it app dix: column stout, 2 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
ura: above Mariano Acosta, near Nueva America, alt. 3400-3500 m, 11 Mar. 1996, S.
Datsrom, ry Ingram & K. Ingram Ferrel 2095 (MO).
Colombia (Nari
This species of high altitudes was first found on Volcan Galeras in the nearby
province of Narifio, Colombia. It is characterized by a congested raceme shorter
than the elliptical, acuminate leaf. The sepals are acute and denticulate, and the
upper lobes of the petals are erect and narrowly oblong while the lower lobes are
very short and broad. The blades of the lip are narrowly ovate with attenuated
apices that more or less curve up resembling minute elephant-tusks
78 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
gy ora a
, inflorescence
mie - — to large, epiphytic, ‘ ts slender. Rami Is slend Le dascseadiase i
oe ee a . af
Je. 4 b+ ae | el.
8-23 cal, d by 8 12, .y
ie satin carol ova, 43 cn, ALT om wi, tc bso cea into a patie
5-10 mm long. Info p to 30cm
2 p SRSGS | oi Lean, #1. ea es Rig iS 1. #41 d above;
floral bracts 2-3 mm long; oo ne, 1 mm long; sepals red-purple,
with the margins die pace ae ap at dorsal sepal 5-7 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, connate to
the lateral sepals for | mm, the Intl sepals oblique, 5-75 mm long, 2-25 mam wide, connate 1.5-2.5
, transversely bilobed, 0.75-1 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, the lobes
triangular, oblique, long -acuminate, the upper lobe longer, lip red-purple, bilaminate, the laminae shortly
pte once cn Si ng, he caesar, hb bod con to
mm long,
the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
Pichincha: “Andes of Quito,” W. Jameson s.n. (W).
epiphytic in cloud forest near Papallacta, alt. 2700 m, May 1984, A. Hirtz 1811 (Holotype:
MO), C. Luer illustr. 11521; same area, alt 3000 m, 29 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4429
(SEL); east of the pass east of Salcedo, alt. 3100 m, 12 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4772
Napo road, Rio Anatenario, alt. 2800 m, 27 May 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau
(SEL),
13814 (AAU, GB).
Also Colombia (Narifio).
This species of the high, eastern slopes of the Andes of northcentral Ecuador
and southern Colombia is distinguished by the long ramicauls, narrowly ovate
leaves, and a long, straight, Pe Bena inflorescence born by a peduncle as
long as or much longer than the leaf. Low in the raceme the flowers are distant, but
high i in the raceme the lowers are ‘borne much more closely together, and
upper lobes of the petals
are long-acuminate. The lip is very similar to that of L. biloba Lindl., which also
has long inflorescences, but they are flexuous and borne by short peduncles.
Lepanthes embreei Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 132, 1987. Fig. 85.
y f Altadena, California, co-discoverer of this species.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls s 2
-6 closed
6-11 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, assis pau bonseth, oven apr
adage 3 10-17 mm wide, th ded b ticle 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence
successively several-flowered raceme up to 10 mm long, bome behind the leaf
by fr ec $m ng e075 1.25 ae ts v1 ji
l .
Sg pal in mm long, » echinate; pedicel 1 seein ght
tana Wide, comnts 90 foe anenl fe ‘the lateral s. ow, 2-
long, 1.4 mm wide, connate 0.5-1 mm; petals orenes ath ardcas cimecealy
meen ie one 0.6-1 mm long, 1 9-2 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, truncate, the
rel Sm ig a 3 park
Pugs connectives cuneate, cuneate, the body narrow, connate to the base of the column,
taming rater gv : Sa es
£, p.m ig
ine Tine tbe, His &W Pres 1172 lays Moy
baqui, alt. 450 m, 9 Feb. 1986, C.
ta del Cumuci,
and Morona, alt. 950 m, 17 J hedaue new road between Mendez
(Mo). my ht in. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13965
RAT Sia ellen vie in
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 79
This species from low altitudes of southeastern Ecuador including the Cordillera
del Cutuct is identified by the congested raceme of an inflorescence shorter than
ni purple-reticulated leaves; ovate, denticulate sepals; petals with the upper lobe
tangular-truncate; oblong blades of the lip with a bisegmented, long-pubescent
pion The hairy appendix is held beneath the stigma as if to entice a pollinator.
oe eriocampa Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 86.
From the Greek eriokampe, “wooly i aaien ” referring to the appearance of the appendix.
A. £3 ~ lot @, ff.
inflorescentia cum ra oO sti
, .—) 2
so breviore, a tis acutis glabris, petalis grandibus t bilobi lob li
p tate: mitandatc. lob lari, labelli laminis luna-
“a ? 1 “t Pant Sey LI a
E . gis, appendice vermiformi deflexa p pubescenti.
Plant med; lender. Rami lender, erect, 3-10 cm long,
se by 5-11 noe pk a sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, reticulated in purple be-
broadly ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, 3.5-5.5 cm long, 18-32 mm wide, the rounded base
abrupily contracted into a petiole Z = peg Inflorescence a very congested, secund, successively
Se\ by a slender peduncle 3-16 mm long;
floral bract 1 mm long; pedicel 2mm ri ovary 1 mm long; sepals translucent orange, broadly ovate
obtuse, glabrous, the dorsal re prenanb oie a get le aa ye mm, the
lateral sepals oblique, abruptly short-acuminate, 2.5 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1.5 mm;
petals brown, minutely pubes cent, transversely bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 2.6 mm wide, with a small, de-
the he middle, the upper t broadly rounded, the gain lobe
triangular; I ip dull e, bilaminate, the he lami th ring
the column, minutely pt 1 6: mm long, the connectives oblong, the -body broad, broad, connate to soieiie
base of the column, the appendix womnlike, deflexed, bisegmented, pubescent; column 1.5 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
ti Cc dille del Cutici fi st al
and Morne alt. 750 m, 18 ‘in, 1989, C. Luer, 5 Luer, P. Jesup, A. pos A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13879
(Holotype: MO).
This species from a low altitude in the Cordillera del Cutuct is identified wos the
very congested raceme of an inflorescence shorter than the broad, thinly coriac
leaves; broadly ovate, glabrous sepals; large petals with the upper lobe rn
rounded; lunate blades of the lip covering the column, and a hinged, hairy, worm-
like appendix reminiscent of the bait of an angler fish.
Lepanthes eruca Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 135, 1987. Fig. 87.
Ety.: From the Latin eruca, “‘a caterpillar,” referring to the appearance of the appendix.
lender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 4-11.5 cm
long, em enclosed Ls 11 siauly ‘iliate, “pentitoca nee’ Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate, acute,
ty ‘ 3-6 em lng, 1.2.8 om wide the rounded
woes de Sania sooo y many-flowered
Pm pipe floral bracts |
raceme up to 15 mm long, bome beneath the leaf by a a filiform
mm long, echinate; pedicels 1.5-2.5 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; sepals sooth iy meen suffused with purple
— -
m y, Carinate, ovate, subacute, the dorsal sepal 5 mm long, 3.5 to the lateral
sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, denticulate, 4.5 2.75 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm;
orange with minutely pubescent, rsely bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 4 mm
the upper lobe obliquely triangular, subacute, with nap para ower lobe
cinate, obtuse; lip , the blades ovate, obtuse, icro
2.4 mm long, th ti
py the appendix Sie acnae fern column 2 mm long, the anther dorsal and the stign stigma
-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest, Cajanuma Range, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C.
(Holotype: MO).
Zamora
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10753
R80 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This pretty, purple-leaved species is locally abundant, but apparently restricted
wo one | mountain range. The sepals are ovate, the laterals denticulate. The upper
d medially, and the lower lobe is broadly uncinate.
The connectives barely unite at their junction with the column where a caterpillar-
like ke appendix i is found. The non-union of the connectives suggests a relationship
rby (L. chorista and L. disjuncta).
Lp dae aio ea ashe la 15, 1992. Fig. 88.
Ety.: From the Spanish esmeralda, “an to the large, green petals, and for the
i
Plant pit ts sl Ramicauls erect, slender, 1.5-
2S enlenp. widened by5-Takenonan) anes , lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, suffused with
purple beneath, sree ei acute, 22-28 mm n long, 12-15 mm Late. the cuneate broadly base
contracted ap 3 Inflorescen disti ly many-flowered
bome behind the leaf t duncle 11-20 m mm long; floral
bracts I g potig ay echinate; ge he 1.5 mm long; ll fama sepals light orange, carinate,
, broadly ovate, obtuse, and shortly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 3 mm long, 2.8 mm
trans
Ae
a ely b lobed. , 1.75 mm Jong , 3.5 m ’ wide, the Li rounded, the lower
a Age . th the i in red. bilaminate, the blades narrowly
oblong h oth th column, 2 mm long, with the bases rounded and the
apices narrowly acute, th broad, from of the blades, the body broad,
tse ca thc abve ea the appendix small, pubescent, bifurcate;
Esmeraldas: epiph epiphytic in cloud forest west of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
Dedies, A Hire, D bering 4D. Benale een olotype: MO).
eoleemn 2
This colorful species, recently discovered in the orchid-rich lowlands of north-
western Ecuador by Alexander Hirtz, is easily recognized by the very broad, ob-
lique, shortly acuminate lateral sepals; the large, bright emerald green petals; and an
Prag lip with oblong blades red along the inner border and adherent over
column. The body of the lip is protuberant with a small, bifid appendix.
Hepanthes eumeces Luer, nerpawed 342, 198 1983. ee. Fig. 89.
Plant very small, epiph caespitose; wise. Wists SuaA
od, 2-4 man long, eacdorod by 5's ; ; for the plant. Ramicauls abbreviat-
cal, obtuse, 8-15 mm long iain opically ciliate, ribbed sheaths, Leaf erect, coriaceous, ellipti-
cence a i : 4 petiole 1-5 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, the base cuneate. Inflores-
sary = |, connate to
deh paces herded minute, pubescent. ¢ double, dh alike Gt tc Cnc waits
; 75 mm long, the anther dorsal, the the stigma ventral.
im wet forest between
Hine 67 Gennes Tena and Baeza, alt. 1000 m, 23 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A.
SELES Retr r ey nant oreo cent crs yp mye
sig baee saa
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 81
This little species is related to the sympatric, but larger-flowered L.. Both
species occur rarely on the eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador at rela-
tively low altitudes. Lepanthes eumeces is distinguished by the exceedingly long,
loose inflorescence far surpassing the tiny leaves; obtuse, abruptly short-acuminate
sepals; single-veined lateral sepals; narrow, transverse petals; oblong blades of the
lip with long-ciliate apices; and a pair of minute appendices, one behind the other.
Lepanthes evansiae Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 90.
Ety.: Named for Mary Evans of Quito, ie emetic: of this species.
Pe ee ae . | | st £3 + 1.
Planta parva, inflorescentia
o or £&
aequilonga, +>. talse talalwan 2 a lakall pe Pe , = 2 7 i. & ae
mt = J die 's
dice oblonga aa
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 20-35 mm or amiee al
by 7-8 microscopically ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suffused with purple be-
neath, crate, a, epee rupageadeiictar die the base cuneate into a petiole 1-2 mm mm long. _Inflor-
leaf by a ee wes ase ener eE mm long: floral bracts 1 mm long, muricate; poled 2-3 mm long;
ovary 0.75 mm long; sepals yellow, suffused
= —— oblong-ovate, acute, lightly « contracted i in the distal third, as mm long, 1 1 mm wide, 3-
co a oblique, acute, acuminate, 2.75 mm long, 1 mm wide, eceatryedasecnh ae - spread-
ing; petals red, microscopically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0.25 mm long, 1 .2 mm wide, the upper
lobe obliquely oblong, obtuse, the 1 lobe long , triangular, ly obtuse; lip red, cellular-pubes-
cent. bilobed, t 1 th 0.75 m 2, th
pin rounded, the wee) connate t to the base of the column, the sinus —— with a minute,
oblon ut, 0. 775mm long, th
Bolivar: epiphytic wet virgin forest west of La Palma, alt. 1250 m, 10 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer,
A. Hirtz,X. Hirtz, F. Navarro, M. Navarro, J. Del Hierro & M. Evans 14972 (Holotype: MO).
The lobes of the very small lip of this species have not evolved well-developed
laminae, the outer margin being merely thickened. Similar poorly developed blades
are seen in L. kuijtii, and L. elaminata. Otherwise, L. evansiae is characterized by
congested, distichous, long-pedicellate raceme that eventually surpasses the leaf.
The sepals are narrow and acute, and the petals are minute. The stout column is
larger than the lip.
— exogena Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 448, 1993. Fig. 91.
Ety.: From the Latin exogenus, “‘on the outside,” referring to the appendix.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; Toots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1-3 cm long, enclosed by
5-8 lepanthiform sheaths with ly dilated, ciliated ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, “14
, subacute to obtuse, 7-13 mm long, 7-12 mm wide, the rounded base contracted into a petiole P :
mm long. Inflorescence a loose » flexuous, distichous, successively souny-Tianmeeed come Mp cm
bract 1.25-2 mm —_ ; pedicels 1
ee eee ing! 333m we cman mrp
bilobed, 0.5 ce ana aoa wide te ape ob bial hog ete lower lobe broadly
ads ttn apex only ob nm ong = connectives cuneate, short,
),
forming a narrow
originating exter:
si cole Pen a Sa Hc ne shox doveal, tha stigma veottal.
J Ye
82 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
1 reek i fi of Yangana —o si the bia alt. 2450 m, 23
Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. ee suas ee Gisiane : MO); 23 Mar. 1985, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10852 (MO); same area, May 1985, A. "A. Hirtz 2632 (MO); above
Valladolid on road to Yangana, alt. 2700 m, 2 Feb. 1985, G. "Harling & L. Andersson 21463 (GB).
This little species with long, loose, flexuous racemes has small, red flowers
with green or yellow margins, very similar to those of L. disjuncta from the same
area. Lepanthes disjuncta, however, has short, congested racemes. The connectives
of the lip of L. exogena form a narrow body with the appendix located externally at
the base. The connectives of the lip of L. Miajencte are ae united i into a body, the
di originating f olumn PP y the same
position a as that of L. exogena.
Lepanthes expansa Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 92.
Ety.: From the Latin expansus, “spread ere eile tes widely copied pauls
Planta parvula caespitosa, inflorescentia g folio elliptico brevi » Sepalis ovatis
obt > . a -_ <. ky Teale 2 tro
‘ea lahell; 1 mys aces Su oo : pin ec ‘41
a ee
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1.5-3 cm —_
caconodby $7 mintny cate lepeahfoon sos Leaf spreading, coriaceous, elliptical, acu
eee = 46 mm wide, th daeneeles Inflores:
Ss ‘ a
mm long t
narrowly triangular-falcate Mean ieee bilaminate, the blades minutel
ian f is : ly pubescent,
convex, elliptical with rounded ends, 1.25 25 mm long, the connectives ems oblong, from the blades
i body broad, , oblong
pub i 1 [air aioe ee Pa ean
7 pical,
Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz,
H. Dodson, D. a & D. Bermudes
pote A. Hirtz 2961 (MO). 12414 4 Gloloype MO); west of Lita, alt. 800 m, 13 Aug.
This very small species was recent!
y discovered by Alexander Hirtz in the wet,
lowland forest tof northwestern Ecuador. The flowers with bright purple, widely
the small, spreading leaf upon which they lie.
Ths leer hoe are
sana petals prominently falcate. The blades of the lip are
Lepanthes filamentosa Hirtz, Novon 3:
Bry: Foe Lan flame “amater, ie 8
epiphytic, caespitose; roots comparatively thick. thick. Ramicauls erect, slender, 4-10 mm
lepanthiform sheaths. ey nan Sv ps ase
- bi is
mene iy, sit ore, the a
petals yellow, bifurcate 1 tan cbs oan a to mm eng,I- 1.25 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm;
the divisions filiform, 3-: 3-5.5 mm long; lip yellow, gla-
:
FE:
4
:
:
2] ee te AMC oe eT ae
re i yi
eT Seon PRM Se ne TM ot ieee ete Gye yl eee te at
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 83
brous, bilobed, ee ee long, with the half at he column thick d to fe
ill-defined lamina, the half below the middle facaes with broadly rounded, incurved, overlapping apices,
without an ey the body connate to the base of the column; column 1 mm long, the anther and the
stigma apical.
Esmeralda west or f Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. Hz.
A. Hirt, D. oe & D. Bermudes 12378 (Holotype: MO); same area, color forms, C. Luer et
al. 2377, 12408 (MO).
Mature plants of this species are some of the smallest known in the genus. The
flowers are also minute, but the lengths of the exceedingly long, filamentous tails of
the sepals and the filamentous lobes of the petals create dimensions comparable to
flowers of species with much larger plants. Lepanthes filamentosa grows relatively
frequently in the wet forest of northwestern Ecuador where it is nev ess diffi-
cult to find. It grows buried in thick layers of moss on small branches of trees.
Sometimes only the minute, spiderlike flowers are visible, but then a distance of
two or three centimeters from the hidden plant.
ee arp Ley Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 1989. Fig. 94.
ed in honor of Milan D. Fiske of Burnt Hills, NY, who with Padre Angel Andreetta and
ooo discovered is cas
t medi lend ani neh, eens a,
slender, 3-8. 5 cm 1 long, a by: 71 et whitish, a lepanthif
ffi elliptical, acute, ond
the sides lightly revolute, 23-35 mm cm ioe ee 36 mm wide, psa the base cuneate into a
peti 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, secund, successively several-flow osesagi. cole
mm long. Ineo eres taecleal by a filiform peduncle 7-15 mm long; floral bracts 2 mm long, 1
ly ——. pedicels 2.5 mm long; poste 1 mm long; sepals red-brown, yellow on the outer third, car-
iculate, denticulate, a rsely ovat a, 5s concave, the blade of the d dorsal sepal 4.5
mm sa 5 mm wide, connate to the ome s fori 15 th k 1 d into a tail 2
mm long, the lateral sepals ite, the blades 4.5 mm long, 4mm 1 wide, connate 1.5 mm, the apices
abruptly contracted into tails 3.5 mm long; petals dull green
pie, minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0.75 mm long, 335 mm wide, the ss Fa lobe ehlens-ee-
nate, the apex subacute, incurved, the lower lobe narrowly triangular, acute: ; lip red tr an On
inate, the blades oblong with the ends obtuse, the apices minute! minutely ciliate, "2.2. mm long, the connec
tives shortly c cuneate, the blad the middl body, tothe
dase ee pubescent; column 1.5 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the st stigma ventral.
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, collected Jan. 1973 by M. Fiske, A. Andreetta et
clivatd by ‘a J & L Orchids, Easton, CT, flowered in cultivation 25 April 1987, C. Luer 12811 iio
type: Mi
Lepanthes fiskei is characterized by the pubescent leaves and a comparatively
large, yellow, brown and green flower borne on top of the leaf. The are
concave, denticulate and caudate. The curved tips of the green petals overlap above
the lip. The red-brown, oblong blades of the lip are glabrous except for the micro-
scopically ciliate apex. The appendix is small and tridentate.
Lepanthes fissa Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 54: 162, 1985. Fig. 95.
Ety.: From the Latin fissus, “cleft,” referring to the split appen
—
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect,
enclosed by 10-14 coarsely pubescent, lepenthiform rm sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, convex
centrally, ovate, acute, acuminate, 5-6 cm long, 2-2.3 cm wide, the base base cuneate into a peti ~—
long. Inflorescence a dense, distichous, successively flowered raceme up to 12 mm long, bome
84 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ns is Pye ee ee duncl ¢ 13-17 mm long; floral bract 1 mm long; pedicel
te Vinhke TI.
mm long; ovary
oe ce gn ac
mm long, 3 3.5 mm wide, connate 2mm, the apices obtuse, shortly a acuminate, everted, petals yellow,
t, transversely bilobed, ——
es . Pe ai eh on fF he |
ae Shae oh lip white with gins, st ily pubescent, tho laminae Into With ects
ends, 1.6mm long, the | ives broadly te,
cleft, ciliate, d in apposition with the stign - column 1.6 mm long,
ric aay pri MD
th stigma forest above Tandapi, alt. 2600 m, March 1984, A. Hirtz 1658 (Holo-
type: MO), C. Ler iat » same area, alt. 2450 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, A. Hirtz &
A. Embree 1204 9 (MO): west flank of Volcan lliniza, Cerro Azul, alt. 2800-2900 m, 23 Jan. 1987, C.
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12472 (MO).
The flowers of this species are borne in the concavity of the back side of the
thinly coriaceous, convex leaf. The lateral sepals are broadly ovate with diverging
apices. The lobes of the petals are narrowly triangular, the blades of the lip are
lunate and pubescent, and the protuberant body holds the split, ciliate appendix
beneath the stigma.
Lepanthes flaccida Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 96.
Ety.: From the Latin flaccidus, “flabby, weak” sefring the blades of the Tip.
pt. AS se calls mth es. ati einen, an "9 +, - +,
Ld ae Riga... aa
q a? a 3 oe ere ints . ee a
breviore bilobis, lobis plus mi blongi
. S$ Ss
2 . “i & a 7 & silt
obtusie Bakiett? 1 4 ae Me. sae ae nie PN ae SEM. yy Sn. 2 ° lan
corpore su
a E suborbiculari,
~~
>
ra ope 1, ie
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, weak, erect to suberect, 5-6 cm
ren capeucmcen. dts 1 gaa lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf suberect, coriaceous, narrowly ovate,
acute, acuminate, 3.5 cm long, 1 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a
eh Bak hen
EET me Ee 7 « ‘id sh
41 it 7 15 1 Py
F 8 . 2 mm long: : ovary 2 mm
_——— dark brown, denticulate, carinate, ovate, acute, ee cone the dorsal sepal 4 mm
oma sections lew connate to the lateral sepals for 0.75 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 4 mm
PY pees erage 1.5 sam; petals orange, glabrous, transversely bilobed, 1. .25 mm
margin, larger tha the lower lbes tip oreugy,bilamiante "ee the laminae obliquely obl obtuse, 1.25
pen esha . —
aatecsatauteden tenes weak, membranous, held above the column by narrow from
oe cove be thi, once somes ie
middle, with a terminal
Pastaza: north of Topo, epiphytic in
Dalstrim, L. Arnby, J. De forest along Rio Zufiag, alt. 2200 m, 23 Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz, S.
illustr. 14722, el Hierro, E Astorga, S. Ortega & J. Cabezas 4647 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer
This species from the eastern slopes of the Andes of central E
cuador has
ken of several distantly related concepts of Lepanthes. The habit is
previa stems bearing more or less spreading, acuminate leaves and a
lorescence lying on top. The sepals are ovate and minutely denticulate. The
petals are transverse with more or less oblong, , obtuse lobes. ihe vinics
of the lip are thin and mem
ceca embranous, held above the column by slender, weak con-
|
;
t
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 85
ee eaaer sy Luer, file Shs 54: 343, 1983. Fig. 97.
Latin flexuos: zigzag,” referring to the rachis.
t ial i ly coarse. Ramicaul erect to
wes, pons 325 mm mn og, enclosed by 3-4 scabrous, Seeshiioin ‘orm sheaths. erect, coriaceous,
tical, obtuse ies ag 5-9 mm wide, the beso caneate
into a petiole 3-4 mm long. Inflorescence a grad ig, d, flexuous
raceme up to 9 p 1 parati vely : fl
echinate, 1. 52 mm long; = 1. 25 mm long; ovary 1.25 long; sepals red or purple, triangular,
acuminate, acute, minute inat! temally, the dorsal sepal
6.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, cto te tl po he lateral sepals 6.5 mm long, 2.25 mm
wide, connate 1 mm, 1-vein tals ically pub t, ly oblong,
bilobed, 1 mm long ‘sumo the lobes lightly d with ded ends; lip red or purple,
bilaminate, the blades oblong-subfalcate, 3 5 mm long, ding the colu just t below its apex with
“a eee eh. ee a +h seit Sk: Dh cuneate, the body
broad, connate to the column above the middle, the appendix «longitudinal rasa body pa ne the
body, the pubescent apex barely protruding beyond the sinus; column 2.5 mm long, the anther and
stigma apical.
mo - 1 the 4 een erdiviaand cnet OF tt P st f Sigsig, alt. 2850 m, 6
May 1981, C. Luer & J Luer 6110 (Hi SEL); east of th t of Sig
forest, alt. 2950 m, 15 me 1988, C. poy A — W. Flores, A. " Andreetta & W. Teague 13345 a.
2150 m, 16 “May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz,
Andreetta & W. Teague 13399 (MO); same area, mares alt. 3200 m, 16 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrim ah T.
Héijer 1041 (MO
Loja: Altos dic Numbala, east of Yangana, alt. 2500-2900 m, May 1985, D. D’ Alessandro 409 (MO).
Moransa
This small species is apparently endemic on the eastern slopes of the Andes of
southern Ecuador. It is distinguished by the small habit; a comparatively stout,
flexuous raceme considerably longer than the leaf; spiculate sepals, the laterals one-
veined; a comparatively large lip with blunt apices curved beneath the column; and
an external, oblong appendix connate to the body for nearly the entire length.
Lepanthes floresii Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 42: 183, 1992. Fig. 98.
Ety.: Named in honor of Washington Flores of Quito, Ecuador, who discovered this species.
Plant small, , caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 10-17 mm long, enclosed
- 3-4 minutely mt et a sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, | sean ns obtuse, 10-13
cm long, 5-7 mm wide, the base cuneate, contracted i ] n i
didichows , lightly flexuous, successively several-flowered raceme up to 7 cm long, borne by a filiform
peduncle 2-2.5 cm long; floral bracts 1-1.5 mm long; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm long; sepals
y ovate, h
dorsal sepal 4mm hare, 2.4 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals pte
4. css mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 2 mm; petals orange, transversely bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 2.5 mm
y pubescent, the lobes subequal, the upper lobe narrowly oblong, obtuse, the lower
microscopical
soba narrowly en acute; lip orange, microscopi = pubiancean nt, bilaminate, the aor’: _—
with rounded ends, 1 1 the comectives oblons Sain go tong bole coat
the column, th pit ee bescent: column 1 mm long, the anther
dorsal, the stigma ventral.
epiphytic aren aa Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
Zamora-Chinchipe:
J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores 10903 (Holotype: Mi
This li little species occurs in the Andes of southern Ecuador where it was found
by Washington Flores. Lepanthes floresii is characterized by the long, loose raceme
of small, orange flowers. It is related to L. caudata Luer & Escobar, which is also
found in the same area. It differs from L. caudata in the much smaller flowers,
obtuse, apiculate instead of acute, caudate sepals, and an obtuse, oblong appendix of
the lip instead of an acute, thick, incurved appendix.
86 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes focalis Luer, Phytologia 54: ste a 983. Rigi?
Ety.: From the Latin focale, “a muffler to keep the neck warm,” referring to the lip.
ize, epiphy Ramicauls stout, erect, 4-15 cm long,
eduenienas cilisted, opaxthifonn sheaths. Sar abet > taden ons y coriaceous, veined,
chleng-avete, 5: ae et. 1.6-3.2 cm wide, the rounded E
acumen ca.
stiole 2-4 mm long. come
pompano markedly congested, distichous raceme up to 12 mm long, bo:
5 mm long; pedicel tei ioing:
ovary 1.25 mm long; sepals entire, yellow-white, lightly suffused ss rose centrally, the dorsal sepal
ovate, acuminate, acute, e, 7 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, connate to to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral
sepals ovate, clique, oben tuse with short! ly ; ging apices, 7 mm long, 3 mm , connate 3
is ligh hout purple edges, cellular-glandular, y transversely oblong,
bilobed, 1.25 mm long, 5 mm th lob , obtuse, the | lot
proce a a ly pubescent, transv esr mea ae io ee
panded, the ee ee ope aaa basal lobes
e jumn cylindrical, 1.75 mm
Jong, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
S f Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13338 (MO).
veen Loja and Zamora, alt. 2700 m, 21 Sept. 1980,
C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H. Dodson et al. $596 Gleloype: SEL);
elfin forest between Loja and Fenverm: alt. 2750 m, 19 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-
Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojinant & B. Pligaard 3843 (AAU), east of the pass between Loja and Zamora,
eit rginggeen 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13596 (MO); above
Valladolid, alt. m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10915 (MO); Cordillera
del Condor, =e hag 1500 m, Nov. 1991, A. Hirtz 5665 (MO).
Also Colombia (Risaralda).
This species occurs locally in from Colombia to south t Ecuador. It is
identified by the thin, oblong, obtuse leaves with a prominent, apical acumen; en-
tire, acuminate sepals with the tips of the laterals diverging; narrowly oblong petals;
and a thick, pubescent, broadly cordate lip without the development of blades.
Lepanthes frigida Luer, Phytologia 55: 185, 1984.
Ety.: From the Latin frigidus, “cold,” re ge a
Lepanthes sucula Laer & & His, Die Orde 3: 43: 158, 1992.
Ety.: From the Latin suculus, "a little pig. utlike, apical anth d stigm
Plant epiphytic, caespit Ramicauls relatively stout, erect, 5-13
lon, eondby 610 doy lepanthiform ab andicenee. a pore. asdiacine
acute, 3-6.5 cm long, 7-13 mm wide, the base cuneate into 2-4 °
—_ a petiole 2-4 mm long
» Successively several-flowered racemes up to 9 cm long
including the 1-1.5 cm long, slender peduncle; floral bract1.5-2 mm long: pedicel Neakeacnt
mm sepals yellow to orange, min the dorsal sepal elliptic-o
‘. 4 vate, subacute
mete spa ‘75 mim long, 2.5-3 mm wide, connate basally to te Gnd teeale fr 7S
. paokeaipa ne acute, oblique, 4-4.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 1-veined, connate 1-1.5
aa ar deregronpel ly obl sino
mm the J VRENEIS Vet
with red lobe long, obtuse, Sroeborrert sub-triangular, obtuse; lip
of the broadly cuneate connectives below the middle’ then iacamned, test of way Undo, the
i the ute,
ie Ae lix- cod "cr shinee prectgea a
Bolivar: La P.
ita Se a Bite 1269 (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 9158;
cloud forest
toward La alt. 3400 m, 12
Hire wal. 18950 MO) aC Lille obak 1500, 15002 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, X.
Cotopaxi: near Pilalo, m, Dec. 1984, (MO); between Angamarca and Cora:
A. Hirtz
zon, alt. 3000 m, 17 Feb. 1979, C.Luer J. Luer & a. Hts 2181 O80} oi
i each ae
bins
i
a
ee eee
erie
.
|
p
|
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 87
This species is apparently endemic at high altitudes on the western slopes of
central Ecuador. It is most closely allied to L. jamesonii from farther north, but it is
distinguished from the latter by shortly acuminate, denticulate sepals. Both species
are related to L. monoptera which has narrower, completely developed blades of the
lip without incurved apices. All three have single-veined lateral sepals.
aa —— Luer, ee 54: 344, 1983. Fig. 101.
Latin fusiformis ellipsoid,” referring to the leaf.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots very slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-9 cm long, en-
closed by 4-8 finely long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, often E narrowly
ovate, acute, fleshy-thickened to terete, sometimes with microscopically ciliate margins, 20-47 mm long,
3-6 mm wide, 2-5 mm thick, the _ narrowly cuneate into a 2-3 mm Jong petiole. Inflorescence a
congested, distichous, lightly ‘flexu 8, y p to 10 mm long, bome by a fili-
form peduncle 8-18 mm long; floral ea ciliate or scabrous, 1 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 2.5
i i , denti
carin
acute, the dorsal sepal 2.5-3.6 mm long, 1.6-2.5 mm wide, the Ira sepa oboe , 2.5-3 mm long, 1.6-
2 mm wide, ate to about the middle; petals red, edged in ye! 1 g, bilobed, 0.5-1
mm long, 1-6-3.75 mm wide, the upper say oblong with ep ai unded, the lower lobe shorter,
a or triangular, obtuse; lip red-orange, bilaminate, the blades oe 1.2-1.75 mm long, the apices
cute, ciliate, the bases rounded, the enminctles oblong-cuneate, the body broad, connate to the column
- the base, the appendix large, ene, arcuate, ciliate, 0. 5 mm = sie pop from the extemal
surface beyond the sinus; column 1 mm long,
Loja: epiphytic in cloud forest south of Yangana, alt. 2450 m, 12 May 1981, C. Lwer, J. Luer & D.
D'Alessandro 6210 (Holotype: SEL); same area, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
10875 (MO); north of ee alt. 2900 m, 1 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lejtnant
@llgaard 4651 (AAU).
ora-Chinchipe: above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 10925. 10950, 10951 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in southern Ecuador. It is recognized by
thick, narrowly ovate leaves that are often terete; a congested inflorescence shorter
than the leaf; small spiculate-denticulate flowers; transverse petals that vary consid-
erably in size; ovate blades of the lip with ciliate apices; and a comparatively large,
pubescent appendix that is attached externally to the sinus, but which protrudes well
beyond the sinus.
Lepanthes gaileana Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 102.
Ety.: Named i in in honor of f Gal Fumiss of Allanta, — whose enthusiasm for the genus Lep-
anthes ha
Planta 1 7 £33 , eranti, in cupulam profunde connatis
marginib % . ee = . a ree se gist £2 sat 5 s oblongis
planis clabn. oo ees a mo a a ee 1 Po cea Sie
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-4.5 cm long, enclosed
by 5-6 minutely siemens lepanthiform orm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, obmase, 1°18
mm long, 6-8 mm wide, the b ’ tiole ca 2 mm long. Inflore te
loose, $Si ely few ry 4 Pa 1 ee Sh
bome b d th f; floral bract mi hig WR yt ig ea 2
long; long; sepals dark red, membranous, seroirmeniees:| Sees ees ee eee of the
dorsal sepal transversely ovate, concave, 6 mm long, 8 mm wide, with the apex obmusely : —
a slender tail 4 mm long, fi I connate 6 mm
transversely subovate, sg Shana ge Sa 11 mm wide, with the apices irregularly acute, 08
ed into slender tails 7 mm long; f 3 ly pub rap bilobed,
2,5 mm LI th ¢h 4 eeamded_the | equally long, narrow
er. slightly de i =. blong w te th 1.4 1 g +h th de rounded, glabrous me
with the apices minutely ciliate e, 1 5 ween toe ti eate the body connate to the base
the column, the
were dgeaage thick, pubescent, 0.5 mm long, the apex with a glabrous,
gland; column 1.5 mm long, winged at the apex, the the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
88 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Carchi: above Maldonado, alt. 2500 m, July 1995, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro 6226 (Holo-
type: MO), C. Luer illustr. 17749.
This species is apparently rare and endemic in northernmost Ecuador where it
was recently collected for the first time. It is replated to a small group of Colombi-
an species characterized by a sepaline cup, e.g. the Colombian L. chelonion Luer &
Escobar. This species, however, is reasily distinguished from them by the promi-
nently erose margins of the sepals.
In habit the plant is small with a loose, successively flowered raceme far sur-
passing the elliptical leaf. The dark red sepals are deeply connate into a gaping cup
with markedly erose margins, and slender tails. The olive green petals are trans-
versely oblong, and the flat, oblong blades of the lip are also olive green. iy
appendix is thick, oblong and pubescent with a glabrous apical, bilobulate glan
pe eye crt apni at Xenia Orch. 1: ; 150, 1856. Fig. 103.
8 Named for the peci
ss Eoniaialiis baler Uist Hi, Lindy 2 138, 1987.
=: From the Greek pachyrhiza, “*thick root, ts of th
i=
Plant large, robust, epiphytic, caespitose; roots thick, coarse. Ramicauls erect, stout, 10-58 cm long,
pase by 11-16 microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, oblong-
to obtuse, acuminate, 6-15 cm long, 3. 5-8 cm wide, the rounded base contracted into a
poorer 0.5-1 cm long. Inflorescence racemose, 1- to several simultaneous, congested, distichous, suc-
cessively many Sr eng POE a Lag Gaery Wl ets Keng: epee yodlorr ccsne,
ts 1.5-2 mg; ovary 10-16 mm long; sepals yellow-orange,
in ego obtuse, shortly thick-caudate or apiculate, entire, the dorsal sepal 5.5-7 mm long, 5.5-8
win cont 75-2 an pels sang with pepo mupie, ienecoptally paborcot,enrvesely
connat
1 Sreparrnpa tt if a x s oe Pr inictaim
bilobed, 1-2 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, with btuse angle b he lob th mn
upper lobe obliquely oblong, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller, iy ang pul, bilaminate,
oe, aes ene Sone ds rounded the middle, mi tely ciliate, 1.8-2.2 mm long,
er umn, the sinus
a small, triangular, siaody oes mpeaitc aaa RE ace heed ae cieee
Imbabura: epiphytic in cloud forest, Selva Alegre, alt. 2800 m, 29 S Hirtz 1916
, 29 Sept. 1984, A (
Haj), MO), C. Luer illustr. 11504; same area, 6 April 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, & T.
of Quito”, 1855, J. P. Courthoy s.n. (AMES), valley of Lloa, Mar. 1864, W.
prawn aggh 110 Ciokare W); “Llosa,” W. Jameson 429 (K); near Isubamba sd Follagalie nove Calicali,
m, 28 Nov. 1879, F. C. Lehmann San Juan a, alt. 2100-2400 m,
(W); between San
piers fein 7 antickwiiime ate alt. ca. 2700 rhe yng 1972, G. Harling
A Bie 995 0 Liberia, alt. 2400 m, 7 Apr. 1984, C. S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer
y; west of Calacali, alt. 2550 m, 4 Apr. 1985, C. aay ‘Lee A Hirtz, C. & P.
Cotpa: west sda of Mt sin ak. 2990, 5 No. 1984, A. Hirtz 2071 (MO).
ig pret er kee : iPaper m, 26 Mar. 1979, B. Lgjtnant & U.
apes 130359 (AAU, GB) Cerro Sumaco, alt. 2900-3050 m, 1-2 May 1979, B. L¢jtnant &
Tungurahua: ean Rio Ulba, alt. 2200-2500 m, 3 June 1985, B. Stein 2951 (MO).
M0, orest east of Sigsig, alt. 2750 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 13332
ioe none cn ly Sse ond hdl: 8 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau
new road
Poe along north of Loja, alt. 2700 m, 2 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12584
Zamora-Chinchipe: along Rio Zamora, alt. 1500
11961 (MO), m, 20 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al,
TS7B AK Tinenna and Valladalid, alt. 2550 m, 2 Dec. 1988, JE. Madsen, C. Bloch & H.
Also Colombia (Antioquia).
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 89
This robust species is relatively frequent and widely distributed in the Andes of
Colombia and Ecuador. It is characterized by the habit that can produce one of the
largest of the genus, but many plants attain only half the apparent maximum size.
Thick, coarse roots support stout ramicauls that sometimes reach half a meter in
length. The leaves vary in size with the strength of the ramicaul, but large leaves 15
centimeters long are not rare. Yellow-orange, flat flowers, sometimes in profusion,
are produced on congested racemes behind the leaf. The sepals are obtuse with
short tails. The bilobed petals and bilaminate lip are not remarkably different from
many others.
Lepanthes gargoyla Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 39: 59, 1988. Fig. 104.
.: From the medieval word ‘‘gargoyle,” for a grotesquely omamented rain spout.
medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Remicenls slender, a 4-10 cm
Plan
long, iar ole by 7-11 thin, glabrous, | to spreading,
coriaceous, suffused with purple, d ins, acute, 3-5.5 cm long, i 7.2.16 cm wide,
the cuneate base contracted into a neste 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, secund, successively
several-flowered raceme to $n mm long, borne on peduncle 10-25 mm
long; floral bracts oblique, 1 dicels 2-3 lo long; sepals brown, undulate,
carinate-spiculate, denticulate, ovate, obtuse, the dorsal sepal 8 mm ae 4mm wide, connate to the
lateral sepals for 1.5 mm mm long, the lateral sepals oblique,
9 mm long, 4 = ne eounaie 1 mm, 1 ith th tral Ip rti onvex, the apical
conduplicae, abrupt dinto slender tails 2 inute-
portion more or
ly pubescen| ait sely bilobed, 1 mm long, 5 mm wide, the upper lobe obleely pommel
obtusely angled or dolabriform, the lower lobe es oblong, obtuse; lip purple, bilaminate, the
long ciliate, 3 mm long, the connectives oblique, y short,
hiezA, = 220 it aM ale lumn, th = with
malin adi eas ee ther dorsal, th stigm
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest between Gualaquiza and Zamora, alt. 900 m, 27 Mar.
1895, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10973 (Holotype: MO).
tral
Plants of this unusual species have been found on only one occasion. Vegeta-
tively it resembles L. pubescens Luer, but the comparatively large, brown flowers
with green petals are distinct. The sepals are oddly undulate, and the apices of the
laterals are conduplicate, reminiscent of the many species related to L. complicata
Luer & Vdsquez from Bolivia.
Lepanthes gemmula Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 39: 59, ee
Ety.: From the Latin gemmula, "a little gem," referring to the beauty of the tiny species.
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-22 mm mee
by 3-6 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, — =i —— a
long, 4-9 mm wide, the rounded base contracted into a petiole 1 mm
successively several-flowered, distichous raceme up to 5 mm long, "tact behind the leaf by a
slender peduncle -6 mm long; floral beact 1 mm Jong i iiiater ghee
ie ey ' t edo f le with a green
mm long, 2 mm wide, ial
_ oeine a 4.25 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, coer te | many petals yellow wth the iner margin
0.9 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, mi r
with the apex broadly rounded, the lower lobe similar but shorter, lip bilaminate, red, the laminae brosd-
ly chovae wih the ends rounded, minutely pabecet, 1 mm long the comme eee
£ the column, th btuse. with a broad, oblong, appendix bilobed and
ciliate at the apex: column stout, | mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18
Morona-Santiago; epiphytic in cloud forest, Cordillera del Condor east 18
Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11909 (Holotype: MO); same area,
1650 m, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13531 (MO).
90 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This pretty species may be distinguished by the small habit with broadly ovate
leaves and a colorful flower about as long as the leaves. The acuminate sep als are
denticulate, the blades of the lip are broadly obovate, and the short appendix is
terminated by a broadly bilobed, ciliate apex.
Lepanthes glabella Luer & Hirtz, sp. no
106.
Ety.: From the respaase'ty of the Latin he "smooth, without hair,” referring to the nr
properties of this
Planta parva, infl tia congest da parviflora foli to bre sepalis $s acumina-
tis glabris, p Tc. £238 pe, ee triang . a, glabris, lat m7 . ~oo bhesp Som cantar
rotundata.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 3-7 cm long, en-
dense Fits aden aoe, with the dilated ostia ciliate. Leaf spreading, coriaceous,
ananassae Semen. come, foals, tS eat ee, | 1-1.3 cm wide, “pci ean eet an
1 mm long. Inflo congest to 6 mm long,
eae top of th | f by 1 P duncle 3-6 mm | flora bcs | mong: pedicels 152mm
acute. eruminetc.
the dorsal ‘sepal purple, concave, 5.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 3-veined, Shania ir thie lateral sepals em
0.75 mm, the lateral sepals yellow, oblique, 6 mm long, 2 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1 mm, spreading;
petals » transversely bilobed, 0.75 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, » the upper lobe obliquely t tri-
the VOLIS,
angular,
ph dar, it, Sg i 2aun kung, the body narrow,
ane of Vv umn stout ut, 1 mm long, i caer
& £ cr
f La Palma, alt. 1250 m, 12 Mar. 1991, C. om: Luer,
AHenY. itis F Never Bi Navarro, J. Del Hierro & M. Evans 14972 (Holotype: MO’
This species is characterized by the colorful, glabrous flower with acuminate
sepals that is produced successively upon the dorsum of the leaf. The dorsal sepal
is purple, the lateral sepals are yellow, and the petals are green. The oblong blades
of the lip are green with purple inner margins. The column is short and stout with a
ventral stigma. From within the stigmatic cavity along the inner margin a peduncu-
lated process is held in front of the small, rounded appendix.
Nbr ttt pono Fig. 107.
From the Latin glomerulosus, “with little balls,” referring to the appendix.
Py - 2 lium vag: b mag) dilatis, inflorescenti ee
denticulati is, petali + hil 3: tat. ai btusis . i ist i dati inutissi
ental obs a a reason yg Saahine alas » Superiore ter majore, labelli laminis
1,
epiphyti
tout, e 6-8.5 cm lon;
lepanthiform sheaths hem Mare ee =
5: cmlng, 225m we emia ace ct tambon,
chine te lent ey a cheghs aadeied. 3 many-flowered raceme up to 10 mm long, borne
long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals nl 1015 mm log ral act 2 ng, hton: cia 5m
late, the apices acuminate i os
Seen Se pasar ieee om
coved 91
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 91
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in forest along the road between Lim6n and Gualaceo, alt. 2800 m,
Jan. ms A. Hirtz, A. Andreetta & S. Ortega 4177 (Holotype MO), C. Luer illustr. 14711; ones
d Limén, alt. 2800 m, flowered in Quito, 1989-90, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4269, 4724 (MO);
This species is characterized by the large, widely dilated, lepanthiform sheaths;
the inflorescence with a congested raceme shorter than the oblong, acuminate leaf:
broadly ovate, shortly caudate sepals; and an unremarkable pair of labellar blades.
The appendix, however, is distinct. It consists of a pair of tiny, stalked globules.
Lepanthes gnoma Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 108.
Ety.: From the Latin gnomus, “a fabled pea referring to the small size of the habit.
DI + avy sf) “fy Poof; Anta , | aes oe ht te. 1. 3 sepa-
=z " & z - !
8 . a ar
lis uninervis, Pp tali : 1, hh tsbalk 1 ee a 1 oe , connectivis
+, a eee . a
oe ¢ ie oe over
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose, roots —— Ramicauls ‘Slender, erect, 10-18 mm long,
enclosed by 3-5 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform . Leaf erect, th , suffused with
purple, elliptical, subacute, 6-10 mm long ‘ichaiiee a 1 mm long petiole, 3-4.5 mm wide, the base cu-
neate into the petiole. Reaspesinc ie a loose, successively 2- to 3-flowered raceme, up to 4 mm long,
mm long; pedicels 1 mm long;
ovary costate, 0.5 mm lez sae light yellow, glabrous, 1-veined, the pee a ovate, acute, 2.75 mm
ri. ide, connate to stir ana ey ic or 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals connate connate | mm into a broad-
ly ovate, bifid lamina, 2.5 mm long, 2.5 mm tals yellow, suffused
red, —— pubescent, transversely shales, 0.75 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the apex x transversely
obtuse; lip — bilaminate, the laminae ciliate-pubescent, elliptical-suborbicular, 0.8 mm long, the
shea narrowly cylindrical, from near the base, the body thick, connate to the base of the column,
with a ee large, oblong, pubescent appendix; column terete, 1 mm long, the anther apical,
the stigma v
rehi: epiphytic in cloud forest near El Mirador, alt. 3300 m, Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del
Hierr oe F. Sarmiento 4936 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 15281.
This minute species is distinguished by ramicauls less than 18 millimeters long
and thick, elliptical leaves less than 10 millimeters long. Only two or three little
flowers are produced successively on a very short peduncle. The sepals are acute
and one-veined; the petals are transverse and pubescent; the blades of the lip borne
by cylindrical connectives are suborbicular and pubescent; and the appendix is
proportionately large and oblong.
Lepanthes golbasto Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 54: 164, 1985. Fig. 109.
Ety.: Named for Golbasto, the emperor of Lilliput.
Plant _ small, pad = roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-16 phar
enclosed by 4-5 ciliate, sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, purple the
ciliate, broadly elliptical to suborbicular, nea ae Nek 4-7 mm wide, the rounded apex notched,
abruptly tiole 1-1.5 mm long. Inflorescence a bract
suit -£ 4 il long, borne by a filiform peduncle 10-15 mm long; floral
ae eee A BOA PRAT EN Bi ey
Ser a ee ee ee ee
wi transversely
, connate 1.25 mm; petals orange, suffused with purple, pubescent blad
0.6m en, 3.75 mm wid, re senay an namowly obtuse, Bp ed -orange, pubescent, the
long ovate, 1 m the gee oo
ieirabaiiiid kia nie ee ag eae ee ae uncinate pubescent, column stout,
pot heme, See eodlerees aaciae see
92 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
f Papallacta, alt. 1850 m, April | 1984, A. Hirtz 1692 (Holotype:
—, C. Luer illustr. wee coca m, May 1984 ,A 0
Pichincha: West Iliniza, alt. oan on 1984, A. Hirtz 2034 (MO).
This very small species seems related to the Colombian L. caudata, but vegeta-
tively L. golbasto is recognized by the tiny, round, ciliate leaves. These marginal
hairs, however, are nearly invisible to the naked eye. The petals of L. golbasto are
transversely narrowly oblong, and the ovate blades of the lip are long-ciliate. The
appendices of the two species are similar.
Lepanthes grossiradix Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 449, 1993. Fig. 110.
Ety.: From the Latin grossiradix, “‘a thick root,” referring to the thick, coarse, purplish roots.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose, ‘Toots purple, coarse, thick. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-
6 cm long, enclosed by 6-8 cili t th Leaf erect, cori .@
acute, slightly acuminate, 2.5-4 cm long, 0.9-1.2 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-4
mm long. Inflorescence a loose, distichous, long includ-
ing the slender peduncle ca. 1 cm long; floral bracts 1.5 mm long: pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm
ronan athe hp ap margins, sparsely ciliate, ‘the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, acute, 3 mm
ong, 2 mm 1 evhifias , the lateral sepals ovate, a
acute, 3 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, l-veined, connate 1 mm; wn, minutely pubescent, tran
ly bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 1.9 mm wide, Ares eousnt iia ae eee kote tanta ‘lip
brown, minutely pubescent, cat hal Wh, nae with indistinct blades, 1.5 mm long, the
connate to the base of the column, the ppendix minut
oblong, cleft down the middle; column terete, 1.5 mm lon 1, th aecest .
=
Pacha, alt. 2250 m, 23 May 1988, C. A. Hirtz, W.
pttossyp A. Andreetia & W. epsom ander ze: 7 = cae
(= , a | Leb?
eh
; ts that are extremely thick for the size
of the plant. The racemes are loosely flowered, rievaaeae much shorter than the
leaf, but eventually lengthening to about twice the length of the leaf. The sepals are
eign. ine ideoant , the laterals with only one vein. The lobes of the lip are
thcpen ine ee with a dorsal anther and apical stigma.
dix is a minute
as oY Pantar
WEE
Lepanthes grypha Luer. Loer, Phytologia 54: 344,
Ety.: n Named fora grphe, a mytholog 1983. . Ahalf 1 Bae Bs a it.
gle,
Plane a :
ee Caespit 1 . Ramicauls slender, weak, 5-11.5 cm
long, sinedby 11 meropealy eco ce penton sat Leaf suberect to spreading,
acute, acuminate. cm long, 1-1.5 ide, the base
cuneate into a petiole 2 mm cm wi
raceme up to 15 mm long, mm long. Inflorescence a very Congested, » distichous, successively flowered
125 1 . pen ¥
enc ong: peice! 1.5.2:mm long: ovary 2mm lng: sepals :
i minutely Bikes , obtuse; lip
column, 1.4-1. ‘Sm ong, the ends rounded, ie blades flat, oblong, adherent medially over the
sit vas ie nan tcaecipcetae sai
cleftlike sinus the body: column 2 me long dae het SMbconical, pubescent, protruding from the
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 93
Carchi: between Tulcén and Maldonado, alt. 2050 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstram & T. Héijer
9925 5 (MO O}
iphyti I d Chirit , alt. ca. 2000 m, 7 Mar. 1982,
A. Hirtz & x Leon 210 cine SEL), C. “pos ilhustr. 9073; same area, alt. 2000 m, $ = 1984, A.
Hirtz 1896 (MO).
This species occurs on the western slopes of the Andes of northern Ecuador. It
is recognized by the congested raceme borne on top of the leaf: broad, shortly
acuminate sepals, the laterals denticulate; comparatively large, pubescent petals; flat
blades of the lip held over the column; and a thick, bilobular body with a small,
thick appendix protruding from the cleftlike sinus.
Lepanthes helcium Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 53: 1156, 1984. Fig. 112.
Ety.: From the Latin helcium, “horse-collar,” referring to the position of the “U-shaped” lip.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-6 cm long, enclosed by
10-11 at ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. ngs suberect, coriaceous, elliptical, acute, acuminate, 15-
28 mm long, 8-14 mm wide, the base cuneate, contracted into a petiole 2 mm long. Inflorese orescence a
congested, lightly flexuous, successively few-flowered raceme up to to 15 mm mene bome near the tip of
2.5 mm long; ovary 1mm ayers’ d-brown with yellow bord prentinagtrse ns carinate,
, acute, acuminate, rea ina ae 7 mm long, 3.5 men wide; 3-veined, connate tothe lateral sepals
for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 6.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1 mm, petals orange,
minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed- i = mm long, 1.33 mm oe, Ahan peer lobe oblong
ae hake
wide le expanded, the sides broadly d, emb in tt —r aoe
ly rounded with a small, shallow notch, te to th of -_
pubescent, ovoid, external below the apical notch; col lavate, 1.5 mm long, th en
apical.
Pichincha — lo, alt. 2300 m, 1 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S.
Dalstrém, T. pe & J. 1 Kuijt 9875 75 Gane: : MO; : bose SEL); above Mindo, alt. 2400 m, Mar.
1984, A. Hirtz 1650 (MO); above Mindo, alt. 2000 m, 6 Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2150 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is characterized
by a red and yellow flower with long-denticulate, lateral sepals that is borne near or
past the acuminate tip of the leaf. The petals are very small and reniform. The lip
is also reniform with the sides surrounding the column like a collar.
an helicocephala Rchb.f., — 1: 150, 1856. __ Fig. 113.
ete From the Greek heli icocephale, “a head,” probably referring to the petiole of the leaf
with the flowers bome along the
, ee eee : hytic, . ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-6 cm long,
encl o microscoy ate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ellips-
so ea plea nap al tr elastase he t
e many-flowered raceme up to
petiole 1-1 1.5mm long. Rap ap as i ae aT chous, successively many
10mm filif duncl 7-12 mm long; floral bract 1 mm long; pedicel
re prem = Is light yell Pent setae rng the
ly triangular, acute, Asean aa 3-vein ok conan te " v0 Stoke
lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, Sa appostion, 679 sa it ae -=
ly bil
& vies obed, 1.4 mm long, 2.6 mm wide, the upper
lobe oblong-ovate, rounded at the apex, th bout midway y
: ovoid, the
] maar narrow apex; lip orange-brown, n inmaly phone bilaminate, the ergy pe
connectives broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate tothe columa tthe bas the appendix sh
94 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Sucumbios: Cocha on Rio Lararto, alt. 220 m, 30 July 1991, C. H. Dodson, P. Scharff & M.
Ryan apa
cues from Misahualli, alt. 400 m, collected by A. Suarez, flowered in culti-
T hdecbeal, 29 Mar. 1984, C. Luer 9787 (MO); Mp sede Allifiahui, near Hatun-Sacha, alt 450
pgs 1991, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 5337 (MO).
Merona Cutuct, epiphytic in wet forest along the new road between
at 950m, 19 lan. 1988, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega
13991 (MO); peed area, “wiiaae by C. H. Dodson, flowered in cultivation at rat Rio Palenque, Il Jan.
1989, C. Luer 13849
Also Suriname soy tps Wawa ada wlic: Peru and Bolivia.
This species is widely distributed in lowland, Amazonian South America from
the Guyanas, through Brazil to Ecuador and Peru. In spite of the extensive range, it
remains vegetatively and florally stable. The flowers are borne behind the leaf in a
congested raceme. The sepals are acute, with the dorsal sepal narrow and the lateral
broad at the base and held in apposition. Very characteristically, the lower lobes of
the petals and the apices of the blades of the lip are contracted above the middle into
narrow portions, with the apices of the labellar lobes without forming blades
nee eee hae 6 tebe, oe 16: 144, 1984. Fig. 114.
Ety.: From the Greek hexapous, “six-footed, . ir of petal ,
Plant small, small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1-2 cm long, enclosed by
5-6 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, veined in purple, ovate, acute, 10-17 mm long,
Sb eee at 1 mm long. Inflorescence a a congested, successiv vely several-
1 mong: ped pedi 2mm long, ovary | mm long; sepals ils denticulate, the dorsal sepal red, obovate,
obtuse, shortly acuminate, 5 mm long, 2.25 wide, free from the lateral sepals, the lateral sepals
gto ath clon, se, mong of osha geet cae
oblong, minutely t . 2.25 mm long, th cti' “ dly , connate to the column
; column
sal, , the sint
_ ovoid, bilobulat.
Imbabura: south of Lita between Santa R: osa and Cachabi, alt. 1250 m,
19 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.
Luer, A Hieast ak LMSD (MOL De tee coe : Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 1850 m, 29 Jan. 1993, S.
T. Héijer eo arpyamem tigen we ).
Santa Rosa de Toachi, alt. 1300 m, Mar. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & KH. Baumann 4696
Pies: tiny species occurs sporadically i in the Andes from central Colombia to
feat isaensrai shorter than the ovate
eal, The spl ar arow wth the las dential They are essentially free
at — Riel ueelmiaeeraae slender, diverging, nearly equal
‘upper segment is ciliate. The blades
re ‘ ae of the lip are narrowly oblong and
Bry.: rier darpmcy taemiri & Him, Lindleyana 135, Fig. 115.
“a little hairy,” mci iad the lip and appendix.
Plant small, small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender.
as te fae ee dene. 10-27 mm
narrowly ovate, acute, 1825 mm long. 47 men eden oe = e) 1
Inflorescence a 4 congested, distichous, successively sev icy anaeryoaloaea : m-.
bome on top of the leaf by a filifomm peduncle 10-18 mm long: floral beanie 0.75-1 scene opto fm ong,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 95
muricate; ; pedicels 1 5-2 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; — yellow, suffused with red medially, carinate,
y denticulate, the dorsal sepal elliptical, concave, 5 mm long, 3.5 mm
expanded, the ¢ obtuse apex ab abruptly contracted into a 1 mm long apiculum, connate to the lateral
sl for 0. 5 mm, the lateral sean oblong, oblique, 5.5 mm long, rs 25 mm wide, connate 1 mm, the
into 1 mm long apicula; petals orange, long-ciliate, t 5 mm
“ety 2.75 mm ae the lobes samen oblong, narrowly anc the lower lobe lightly falcate, "smaller,
lip red, bilaminate, the blades narrowly oblong with rounded ends, pubescent, 1.75 mm long, the con-
nectives broadly cuneate, the thick body , the a
broadly i shallowly grooved, biel, protuberant; column 1.5 mm long, the anther and the
stigma apical.
meraldas: epiphytic in cloud forest 1a of rho alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
Dodson, A.. Hirt, D. Benzing ¢ & D. Bermudes 12 G5 (Holotype: ae
de Cachaco, alt. 1300 m, 19
Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A, Hirtz 15179 ae
This small, delicate species is apparently endemic in the wet forest of north-
western Ecuador. It is distinguished by the small habit with very narrowly ovate
leaves and a shorter raceme borne along the dorsal surface of the leaf. The sepals
are Ovate, acuminate and denticulate; the petals are transversely oblong and long-
pubescent; and the blades of the lip are elliptical and also pubescent. The connec-
tives are exceptionally broad with a broad, rounded, protuberant, pubescent body
without an appendix.
ss hirtzii Luer, Phytologia 54: 345, 1983. Fig. 116.
Ety.: Named in honor of Alexander C. Hirtz of Quito, Ecuador, who has discovered innumerable
species of orchids new to science.
Plant large, — os roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender to stout, 7-38 cm long,
enclosed by 8-15 close, glabrous to microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly
coriaceous, clic 8-13 on long, 233 om wie the apex long-acuminate, the base broadly cuneate
into a petiole 5-7 mm lon: - Inflorescence nce a subdense ly flowered raceme cm long, including the
peduncle 5-8 cm long, 2- 3 flowe: an for
ovary 1.5 mm long, narrowly winged; sepals orange with brown or purple veins, lateral
acaba, sik rise yh tite Ne connate to the
sepals for 4 mm to form a broad, shallow cup, the margins of all sey eS ek aa
above the angles of connati the lateral sepals obli li mm long, mm wi
yellow, more or | mr purp = oe elliptical, bilobed, 1.25 mm long, 2.75
mm wide, min minutely pu bescent, the lob bout 1 subtriangular, li yr
nate, the blades elliptical-ovate, lightly concave, 2mm long, minutely ciliate, the the ends rounded,
connectives broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate to the column above the base, the jo
small, suborbicular, b lobules, glabrous; column 2 mm
long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Pichincha: ex; — } Quito and Ti i, alt. ca. 3000 m, 28 Oct. 1979, C.
m,
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4394 (Holotype: SEL); same area, alt. 2600 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dal-
strom, J. Kuijt & A, Hirtz i 104 Glog: SEL ae 2450 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, arg
& A. Embree 12048 (MO); West Iliniza, alt. 2800 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2070 (MO); west
Volcan Iliniza, Azal, alt. 2800 m, 23 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirts 12467 (MO). =
Se ceaet erat pe seh oe hei Se 1982, C. Luer & R. Escobar
Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Morona-Santiago: east of the pass east of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May 1988, C.
Flores, A. Andreetta a, care 13360 (MO); between and Limon, alt. 2800 m, A. Hirtz, A.
Andreetia & S. Ortega 41
Zamora Sietciees ghana 4 Mas. 1982, C. Laer, D.D’ Alessentvn
Dalstrém 7145 (SEL); Cajanuma Range, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J
10750 (MO).
96 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This large, hand fi tively frequently on both sides of the
Andes in northern Ecuador and on the eastern slopes i in southern Ecuador. It is
recognized by the large habit, a subdense raceme of large, red, orange to purple
flowers that t equals or surpasses the leaf in length. The sepals are deeply connate
a very small; and the lip is not remarkable except for the tiny
“two-eared” appendix.
Lepanthes hoeijeri Luer, eee 178, am. Fig. 117.
Ety.: Named in honor of Thomas Hé eden, who di d thi i
=
di it Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-14 cm long,
lade Fe giant sheaths with dilated, ae asi Leaf erect, eernarersdn narrowly
elliptical, acute, ee ee b mm long.
racemose, | y 1-fl bfl 49 om long
including the filif on. 1 41 1k 7£ AS TB 1 ovary 2
mm long; sepals purple, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, concave Chabon, 7 un lg, 3mm
triancular. ique. q
acute, denticulate, 6 mm long, 2.5 mm oie mm pa ra ortly pubes-
_— upper
oh ae = oh | * Sa Ad o i. oer is
triangular, t column
»P ’
slender, ear arr poeta a
et eee Ce 1984, C. Luer, S. oom t
jer uijt ‘olotype: MO; Isotype: SEL); north of the pass south of Jimbura, alt. 2900
21 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11990 (MO).
This showy, floriferous species with relatively large, purple flowers with red-
orange petals and lip occurs locally but abundantly at high altitudes near the Peruvi-
mesh et roma The flowers are borne in loose racemes shorter than,
but occasionally surpassing the narrow leaf. The dorsal sepal is boat-shaped and the
lateral sepals are denticulate and single-veined. The lower lobes of the petals are
much longer than the upper lobes. The oblong blades of the lip are borne by short,
broad connectives.
TT amanéh. 3 ‘ .
ner ® Goe--h.
"Bes Piast - Phytologia 54 : 346, 1983, Fig. 118.
a “ homo-, “similar,” and taxis, “ an arrangement,” referring to the similarity of
caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-5.5 cm long, enclosed
. » lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, elliptical,
acute, 13 28mm long 7-1 -11 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1-3 mm long. Inflorescence a
dnncle 3-
ie sr echt fv np i es
mm wide, I-veined. the lateral cer,] “ e, acute, “aioe gee ae
apex minutely
Samay po 17523 ania 8 Sw ack vies red tes,
minute apiculum i esse besa rn ended se el wih
column, the base connate to the middle of 4 . , the lower lobes flanking the
stigma apical. sie long, cylindrical, the anther and
Napo: Volcin Reventador,
illustr. 10507; east slopes of etider, a, 30a A Andreea 1961 (MO),C. Laer
4 A. Emiree 11781 (MO). “a8 10m, 1 1986, . Laer. J Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores
se at of th I Gual, d Limén, alt. 2050
s
.
ee en
Sy ys eee Oe ee ee ee
See ee
a
Se Ee me et ee
SA ti ae ons y
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 97
m, 29 Oct. 1982, C. Luer, R. Escobar & A. Pozo 8228 (Holotype: SEL); same area, alt. 1850 m, 28 Mar.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10990 (MO); new road west of Macas toward same area,
alt. 2100 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11850 (MO); new road
west of Macas toward Guamote, alt. 1900 m, 16 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup, A. Hirtz
& S. Ortega 13934 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1650 m, 21 Jan. 1989, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14046 (MO); same area, alt. 1800 m, 22 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer,
A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14051 (MO).
This little species of occurs locally in the mountains of southeastern Ecuador. It
is identified by the small habit; a subdense raceme shorter than the leaf, of tiny,
bilabiate flowers; petals forked 90°; and a transversely cordate, pubescent lip con-
nate to the middle of the cylindrical column. It is closely related to L. bifalcis from
which it is distinguished by the smaller, forked petals, and cordate lip. From L.
columbar it is distinguished by the broader leaves that are not thickly coriaceous,
the forked petals, and cordate lip connate to the shaft of the column.
Lepanthes horribilis Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 119.
: From the Latin horribilis, “frightful,” eee to the appearance of the flower.
Species haec L. fiskei Luer affinis, sed 1 ibe Juti pi ibus lateralium
approximatis, petalorum lobo superiore uncinato > differt.
medium i “ Le epiphytic, ——. roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 4-
_ sono by 10- hs with ecaaa acuminate, ciliate ostia. Leaf more or con
rizontal, coriaceous, gfe a eye, rugose-verrucose with minutely ciliate margins, ovate,
pe Riis a recurved, 4.5- paren; 1.5-2.4 cm wide, the base cuneate cuneate into a
petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, secund, successively few-flowered raceme, up to 5 mm
long, bome on top of the leaf by a slender peduncle 15-20 mm long; floral bracts 1.5 mm long, submur-
icate; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 5 mm long; sepals red-brown, with erose-ciliate margins, the dorsal
ovate, broadly obtuse, 8mm long, 6 mm wide expanded, 3-veined, with the he apex abruptly contracted into
a tail 2 mm long, f ‘
oblique, acute, 8 mm long, connate 4 mm into a bifid lamina 8 mm wide e: xpanded » 4-veined, concave in
the distal third to form a midline carina, with the sides undulate, the ap PE ’
into sle: r tails 6 long; petals green ibescent
i sbed,
long, 4.5 mm wide, the upper lobe obovate, subtruncate, Nk a arora
equally long, narrowly triangular, narrowly obtuse; lip green, suffused with rose rose, glabrous, bilaminate,
the laminae oblong with rounded ends, 3 mm long, lon: .
with the apical thirds concave, the body broad, from above the middle of the the blades, connate to the base
of the column, the sinus with a small, oblong appendix; column terete, 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal,
the stigma apical.
Boliva F: epiphytic wet virgin forest west of La Palma, alt. 1250 m, JO Mar Bi e nap Luer,
A. Hirt, X. Hirt, F. Navarro, M. Navarro, J.Del Hierro & M. Evans
Cer Tit F Nona, Navarre. 7 oe ain Ions eae eee
son 19196 (GB).
This species from the western slopes of Ecuador is related to L. fiskei and L.
gargoyla from the eastern declivities. From them L. horribilis is distinguished by
roughly corrugated leaves and a fierce-looking, brown flower lying upon the
prickly surface. The sides of the dorsal sepal are are markedly revolute while the sides
of the lateral sepals are undulate. The lateral sepals are concave below the middle
and form a tall, carina-like fold in the midline. The apices of the lateral sepals are
approximate and acuminate into slender tails. ;
In the center of the flower the prominent, green petals flank the lip. i at
lobes of the petals are hook-shaped. The blades of the not not-too-unusual are g
with a carina down the middle. The small, oblong appendix is not remarkable.
98 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
h Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 39: 101, 1988. Fig. 120.
Ety.: From the Greek hymenoptera, "with membranous wings,” referring to the thin, transparent
blades of the lip.
Plant small to medium in size, epiphytic “et ; roots slender. . Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-20
cm long, enclosed by 2s thin, 2 4 lly c. ee 7 p my blique rc Leaf
erect, thinly coriaceous, st ffused with p ple b th, ovate t ovate, acute, 3-7.5 cm long, 0.7-
regs th d into a peti , le 1-2 secang "Inflorescence a enaied, dis-
d ont the leaf by a filiform
port "10-38 mm long floral bracts prety », 1-15 3mm og ede 2-2.5 mm long; ovary 2mm
the dorsal sepal 4.25-5 mm
long, 3.25-4.25 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the “the lateral sepals oblique, sutemtehy
denticulate, cme 2-2.5 mm wide, connate brown,
pubescent, esp ; i bioted 1- -1.5 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe
oblong, m: less truncate, the | lob dark purple to dark
orange bilaminate, Seay hahaa caneanaeE ciliate-erose, oblong with the
ends obtuse, 2 mm long, the connectives oblong, from the lamina below the middle, connate to the base
of the column, the si sng qe ease the appendix ovoid, oblong, pubescent; column 1.5 mm
long, the anther dorsal, the stigma
epiphytic in cloud forest between Tena and Baeza, alt. 2150 m, 29 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Datswdm, T.Hoijer & ta Kuijt 9799 (MO). _
wi San Juan B d Gualaceo, alt. 2800 m, 28
Mar. 1895, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores Ty 1002 (Eldotypes MO); same area, alt. 2100 m, 16
Feb, 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11851 (MO); epiphytic in cloud forest east
of Gualaceo, alt. 2150 m, 16 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13406
(MO); Cordillera del Cutuci, alt. 800 m, 1898. A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4262 (MO).
Thi ies sh distant affinity with the common L. mucronata Lindl.
ae i © . , oh (<5
of the petals, and the membranous
blades of the lip. The former, however, occurs locally in the wet forests on the
eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador, where it has been discovered several
times in recent years. Vegetatively it is somewhat variable, Narrowly ovate leaves
may be borne by long, slender ramicauls, or wider, ovate leaves may be borne by
much shorter, slender ramicauls. The flower rests on top of the leaf. The thin,
transparent blades of the lip are held above the column, and the sinus of the body of
the lip is bifid with an ovoid appendix in the cleft.
Bp gaat ce & Hirtz, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 53: 1158, 1984. Fig. 121.
Ety.: From the Latin hystrix, “a porcupine,” referring to to the prickly exterior of the flower. ‘:
. . cre ry
Be, epiphytic, Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-15 cm long,
cote by P-12 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly ellipti-
acute, acuminate, 4-8 Mawes long. Inflor-
ch le 0595 em
cle 0.5 2.5 om long; ; floral bract 2 mm long; pedicel 1.5mm
’L-veined, connate to the lateral sepals “ae {Prosar paaien
otigs, 3.25 mmlong, Imm wis | asa gaan aera ae petals
microscopically pubescent,
Se ese ig te the upper lobe slightly i NAN
imate, the blades narro | Bi long, with the
or tan me te ot eg ey a a
1S aidoas. Gereiibucaid PP ovoid, pubescent; column slender,
i a
a a ee ee
i
:
ee a ee
Fe a
A eae
Se Oe ee es a ie
ile sae SOLS
eet en heats
Eire
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 99
loud forest above Maldonado, alt. 2400 m, 4 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim,
iT, Hier & “i r¥; Ra 9 9951 (MO).
ha: epiphytic in cloud forest near Mindo, alt. 2300 m, 1 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstr
Héijer & i" "Kui 9880 (Holotype: MO; Isotype: SEL); Mindo, alt. 2400 m, 1984. A. Hirtz 1634, 2161
(MO); Chiriboga, alt. 2000 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1898 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is characterized
by the yellow, long-spiculate flowers borne successively in a loose raceme shorter
than the narrow leaf. The lateral margins of the lateral sepals are sharply folded
inward as seen in several Bolivian species such as L. complicata Luer & V
The petals are transversely narrowly oblong. The blades of the lip are narrowly
ovate, and the appendix is reduced to a minute, pubescent lobule.
Lepanthes ictalurus Luer, Phytologia 54: 346, 1983. Fig, 122.
Ftv.: N. A Siw the Ictalurus, th g £ +h sfoh
t small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to
‘ee 2.5-8 cm long, enclosed by 5-15 long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous,
—— to broadly elliptical or suborbicular, 10-20 mm long, 8-11 mm wide, the apex ‘awe to o round-
1 mm long Infl
Se ora i, flexuous, disti h 14cm cm long including the filiform peduncle le 2-
2.5 cm long; floral bract 1.5mm long; —_— 2-4 mm long; ovary 1. 5 mm long, with serrulate wings
sepals purple to red-brown with yellow margin
ly, the dorsal ly triangular, concave, 7 mm long, 2.5mm wide, connate to the lateral cok
or | mm, the lateral sepals connate 5 mm into an ovate, bifid lamina 7 mm Jong, 3.5 mm wide, the
apices approximate, acute; petals yellow to orange, suffused with rose, Jong-il ate-pubescent, markedly
unequall
ton
incurved into apposition over the column, the | tt hi lar, lip red-brown to
yellow, suffused with ro rose, bilaminate, the blades lipcal eral 2mm long, the apex of each ab-
Tuptly PE ng, ng, the connectives short, | broadly y rectangular, the
| re
Ye aie 4 S of ae tral
> —_
body broad, ¢ connate to the col h a ta
Ts:
lender, cylindrical, 2.5mm seston
Pastaza: cloud forest along Rio Zuiiag, alt. 2000 m, 23-28 Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrom etal.
4646 (MO).
SE aregigemagl east of the pass between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. 2900 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C.
os , J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree ese (MO); between Limén and Cuenca, 2800 m,
Jan. 1989, A. Hirtz, A. Andreetia & S. Ortega 4174 (MO).
Loja: epiphytic in cloud forest east of Yangana, alt. 2650 m, 4 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, D. pera
& S. Dalstrém 7151 (Holotype: SEL); south of Yangana, alt. 2400 m, 22 Sept. 1980, C. Luer,
H. H. Morgan 5530 (SEL).
Zamora-Chinchipe: east of the pass east of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. Flores 10726 (MO); Cajanuma Range, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, 4. ies
& W. Flores 10759 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 2600 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz
Flores 10892 (MO).
Also Colombia (Putumayo).
This grotesquely flowered species is widely distributed in the Andes of Ecuador.
It is one of the most distinguished species, ere easily identified by the long,
flexuous racemes of yellow-bordered, red, prickly flowers with long-acuminate
lower lobes of petals with abbreviated, obtuse, incurved upper lobes. Each nals
anterior lobes of the lip has a long, slender process, reminiscent of the barbels of a
Catfish,
100 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
gape ranean te 127, 1980. Fig. 123.
ag ws
small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-6.5
cm ong, enclosed by -11 mnicroocopcaly eit, nthif ith obli Leaf erect,
coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, 2-4 cm long, 1.2-2 cm wide , the b ded,
contracted into a petiole 2 mm long. Inflorescence a a congested, disti aichows, sacs several-flow-
ee ie Is transl light yellow, o _ Shepton
long, 2.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral ral sepals for 0.5 mm,
; petals
the lateral sepals oblique with the apices diverging, 2.5 mm long, 3.3 mm wide, connate 1 mm;
oa aca reas dices ceeds ot be tree rer bobed, 13m log, 3mm
. round-
bilaminate, the laminae elliptical the ends narrowly
sounded, Li son lags ov ocanotions conven cet ater othe aint Bossom, thick,
the appendix
small, ovoid, pubescent; column oo. fk.
sprees pre Centinela, Montajias de Ila, east of Patricia Pilar, alt. 600 m, 3 July 1979, C. H. Dodson
& M. allen 7772 Bokeppe: aay sa tng gp inane dis 1982, A. Hirtz
108 (SEL) C. Luer illustr. 907.
This species is apparently endemic at relatively low altitudes on the west slopes
of central Ecuador. It is characterized by a congested, small-flowered raceme
shorter than the elliptical, shortly acuminate leaf. The sepals are obtuse and shortly
acuminate; the petals are large with rounded ends of the lobes; and the blades of the
lip are elliptical with the body narrow but thick, protuberant and rounded with a
small appendix.
sis Pe saree phi 449, 1993 Fig. 124.
Ety.: Named for Volcén Iliniza, on which this species was discovered.
epiphytic, ca it Ramicauls erect stout, 5-12.5 cm long,
cose ny ow i spend Tepaatiorm seat, Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-ovate,
énm long. caren an clongsing Too loose, eticae, a flexuons, sg A many-flow-
1s 1 pans ng: ovary 2 xf = mm long ppemen —_
Lr pl amin 3S tan ie coe al Sr
ort aon
we ut gf wet git trae eo
the blades narrowly Sends, 225 mm lone. t = ape
oblong with
com ts bas he umn te append nal ov Gee oe kee
Pichincha:
190, CL. Laer & His 1478 day: MO) sO Atl ak 2500, 75 Je
This species is similar to L. biloba and L. elon
gata. The loosely flowered
oa shorter than the leaves, but eventually attain lengths
exceeding Ieaves several times, The sepals are acute and lightly acuminate and
> o Pe 0 ; the blades of the lip are narrowly
z .
aes VY Ui,
ee Ty
Se ee a Ty ee ee eee ay eae me ee )
a a Ri a a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 101
Lepanthes illex Luer, we dese 54: 347, 1983. Fig. 125.
Ety.: From the Latin illex, ‘seductive. d attractive function of the appendi
Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls slender to stout, erect,
6-35 cm tons. pneaone by 7-16 glabrous to microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths, minimally
Leaf thinly coriaceous, veined, erect, narrowly elliptical, acute, acuminate, 4-15
cm long, 1.5-3.5 cm wide, cen 9c into the petiole 4-5 mm long. Inflorescence a sublax, succes-
sively many-flowered racem 18 cm
leaf; floral bract 2 mm long; tee 1.5 mm Tong; ovary 7 2 mm long, irregularly erose-winged; sepals
yellow, suffused with purple centrally, ca:
= Te — within; the dorsal sepal triangular, acute, 101 mm long, 4 mm wide, connate
pals, ly bifid lamina 9.51 mm
I.
eae. © 5 mm wide, the’ apices acute; petals orange, suffused with
transversely panduriform, bilobed, 0.6 mm falas 2 mm wide, the lobes ovate, obtuse, the lower lob lobe
slightly smaller, lip bright ‘purple or orange, bilaminate, the blades oblong-ovate, convex, 1.5 mm long,
glabrous, the apices subacute, the bases rounded, the pgennaypier prsieee: cuneate, the body broad,
lumn 1.5 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Sucumbfos: between El ss = — Barbara, alt. 3400 m, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15213
0), EL | Mirador, alt. ae m, June 556
| 3200 m , 17 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz 6263 (tkayoe: SEL); same sage 3200 vege ye 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
11081 (MO).
This robust species, endemic at high altitudes of northern Ecuador, is identified
by the large habit; bilabiate flowers borne in a sublax raceme equaling or surpassing
the acuminate leaf in length; small, transverse petals; and a lip with convex lobes
and a pedunculate, pubescent appendix.
Lepanthes imitator Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. at at __ Fig. 126
the Latin imitator, “an imitator, ing to th larity tot monitor.
Planta Ai. =. a eae ee ng Pee es ee Fs | Llipti ee, by te cumi-
vane ato breviore, 7 ovatis acutis: glabri glabris, petali bilobis, lobi tis apice rotundatis, labelli
tivi ti re di e
Plant a: r, erect, 6-11 cm long,
enclosed by 8-10 salami me anon sheaths. “Leaf ee. ‘ily coriaceous, ——
subacute, s hortly acuminate, SL ge Nice pS
mm lon stichous, successively man:
hom ne lat 3st Tend t duncle 20-25 1 $1 pany ease i
long; ovary 2 mm long; peices t white, glabrous, carinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 7 mm
long, 3 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, 7.5 mm
se giicara 2.5 mm, 6 mm wide together, each 2-veined; petals pale yellow gigi ea ae tao
minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the lobes suborbicular broadly
ovate
obe; lip white
laminae minutely pubescent, ovate, 2 mm long, with the apices and bases rounded, the connectives
cuneate, the body b aa dix pubescent, thick, oblong-tri-
angular, Wiad a cee he cae dead, tec clase etal
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in forest between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. 2,150 m, 16 May 1988, C.
Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13401 (Holotype: MO);
Although superficially similar to L. monitor, this considerably a species
m southeastern Ecuador is distinguished by the white sepals and lip, —
Petals edged in purple. The flowers are borne in a
tical leaf. The lobes of the petals are suborbicular, and the blades of the lip are
ovate. The appendix is thick, oblong and pubescent with a terminal segment.
102 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes implexa & Hirtz, Lindle 2: he 1987 Fig. 127.
ae “entwined, inte amas a leas tescappenshx.
Pleat medi epiphytic i ts slend Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-8 cm long,
enclosed by 8-11 SOA” aN lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suffused with purple
beneath, ovate, acute acute, acuminate, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 12-1 1.5 cm wide, the base cuneate eate into a petiole 1.5-
2.5 mm long. Infl to 10 mm long, bome
on top of the leaf by a filiform peduncle 10-20 mm long; floral brac 1 mm long; pedicel 1.5-2 mm long;
ovary | , carinate, the
doceelsopal 4 mus long, 3.5 sum wide, connate tothe Bee te aia thc beet cxrals shortly
acuminate, 4mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals yellow, suffused with red-brown on the inner
pi a SEAR NE EE ese scm 3.5 mm wide, eager
acute, ) = 5 7 .. eh t e, gla-
brous, 1.6mm iontati the body
ick connate ot bev ofthe column, the aos obs, with an bsctly sculpted appendix hin hinged
from the margin, the appendi 7 the ‘middle, =
st per gle oe... = 3. Se © et A al. eh < 2.
margins in a pubescent clavate apex, th th idrib int b 1 decane’
apex; column 1.5 mm long, aalacneuvent
Mi Santi ici d fi f th Gual Limén, alt. 2150
m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Tenet A Weiees 4 ie 40 loner reel Grey = hpeeoalerge
Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12726 (MO). _
though vegetatively somewhat smaller, this species is similar to L. urotepala.
Laeune implexa differs in having minutely denticulate sepals; upper lobes of the
as narrow nor as long; and the appendix differently sculpted from
of L. urotepala. The appendix of L. implexa is a delicately and intricately sculpted
organ that appears to be interwoven.
inamoena Luer, bastions ania vib 1983. Fig. 128.
Ety.: From the Latin inamoenus. pretty, to the drab little flower. ;
Plant lh
it lender. Rami ls slender, erect, 3-11
cong, eld by 610 mint iform sheaths. Leaf cori narrowly ellip-
Se, 7 7 1 #1 ‘a © I mm 1 4 10 75_1
EP RIEL +. bil 8;
glabrous, the a 1 1
F acut btuse, 2.2- 75
mm wide, connate to the lateral ral sepals for 0.3 , the lat 1 sepal: sn a7s Fam ty
obtuse lamina 2-2.25 mm long, 1.6-1.75 id with red
pubescent, oblong, blobe, 075-1 mm long, 2-5 mm wide the lobes alipcal wath the
ee ee poorly develope reba yellow with red margins, microscopi-
ic : aliases ‘ont a subfalcate, 1 mm long, cree Araomnar the
middle, the body connate to the t “ERE pn: Coneesngietes “a
in the sinus; column scarcely aia bnig: Gi nitecteadaeretne od
1.
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in tall forest near Rio C
Lue. C.H: Dodson ea 330 Golaype SEL} ttre sacerseeggoe vis cep Pose
{dijer 1056 (MO); Cordillera del del Condor, east str
ee of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb. 1986, C: Luer, J Luer, A.
7 Ce del Condor, east of Los Encuen
: tros, alt. 1450 m, 4 Feb. 1987, C.
papibe spe tir 12620 (MO} sane are, a 150 1500 m, 19 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Be 0, 1991, A. Bee S390 000, ); Cordillera del Condor, near near Patchicutza, alt. 1200-1500
This species is apparently endemic in southeas
tern Ecuador at relatively low
— It is distinguished by the naromty linda wort subdense
Ae eae Rath CON Me oe arte Pe eat) ea ea eee
2 SG ues Seer
Ce hee, | ee et! vee
woe
vee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 103
raceme of very small flowers clinging to the back surface of the blade as if it had
insufficient strength to stand alone. The flowers are bilabiate with the lateral
connate to the tip; the petals are relatively large with the obtuse lobes opposite; the
oblong lobes of the lip are poorly developed into blades; and the appendix is little
more than a tiny tuft of external hairs.
Lepanthes intonsa Luer, ne door Sp sia 1983. Fig. 129.
Ety.: F nsus, ““unsha’ to the long hairs on the lip.
Syn.: Lepanthes doloma Luer & ae Ie 54: 341, 1983.
Ety.: From the Greek doloma, “‘a bait, a decoy,” referring to a possible role of the appendix.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-4.5 cm long, en-
or less
closed by 5-7 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf coriaceous, more or
with purple, ovate, acuminate, acute, 2.5-3 cm long, 1. 2-1. 7 cm wide, the rounded bases abruptly con-
tracted into a petiole 2 mm Jon; ong. I 2 distichous,
to 10 mm long, borne b e 1 gq 1 J +h ji L ee | ag: J £. floral ina
echinate, 1-1.25 mm long; pedicel 1.5-2 mm long; ovary y 2.5 =m long; sepals yellow, , suffused with
purple, minutely ciliate, broadly ovate, obtuse, the dorsal sepal 3.5-4 mm long, 3.1 mm wide, connate 0.5
mm to the lateral sepals, the lateral sepals oblique, 3-3.5 mm long, 225 mm wide, connate | mm; petals
yellow, suffused with orange, microscopically pubescen nt, g. bilobed, 1. 25 mm mm long,
Kb _ wide, the outer ti the oblong
and the smaller, obtig, obtuse, lower lobe; vg yellow suffused with rose, bilaminate, the
Unde ao fe concav mm long, the apical margin with a few,
bl ng, elongated, | lifting th olumn, y connate
‘ the column near the middle, th igmoid lateral view, pubescent, te’
in a small gland, hinged to the sinus: column Came R TLIO sas cae aden a
Carchi: Maldonado, collected with A. Hirtz, flowered in cultivation at J & L Orchids,
—— “h 12 Mar. 1994, C. Luer 17130 (M
paiaie’ in cloud forest south of Yangana, alt. 2450 m, 12 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & D.
D’ Pm 6212 (Holotype: SEL
ora-C Macon ce between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2250 m, 22 May 1988, C. Luer,
A. Hirtz, W. F —— A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13593 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 19 Mar.
1984,C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer, D. D’ Alessandro & J. Kuijt 9576, 9588 (MO); samearea,24 Mar. 1985,
A. Hirtz, C pmarmnid es J. ~ Luer 2 2363 ne 3
Also Col
ha)
‘fF
This species occurs locally in southern Ecuador, as well as in Colombia and
northcentral Bolivia. Intensive collecting of the genus in Peru should eventually
connect the two localities. Lepanthes intonsa is identified by the congested i
cence shorter than the ovate leaf; broad, minutely denticulate sepals; large petals
with a prominent angle on the outer margin; oblong labellar blades with long cilia
along the apical margin held high above the column; and a large, hinged, sigmoid
appendix.
30.
Lepanthes intricata Luer, Phytologia 54: 349, 1983. Fig. |
Ety.: From the Latin intricatus, “ht the appendix of the lip.
Disset earcall Pee See ea icone stat, et. TF
Trani 8-11 pertclne cilme, “epnthiform sh sheaths, teensy 7 ra si ee
Gare, he roonded base contracted into a petiole 2mm lng. Iefloressoes SSS S
behind the leaf: floral | bract 1 mm nr pedicel 1mm n long; — si degra becca aba
Sreen or orange, suffuse —
104 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
sepal ovate, bacute to acute, i hortly inat , 2.5-4 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, connate to
Is for 0.5 he lateral sepals ovate, sut , 2.3-4 mm long, 1.3-1.75 mm
wide, connate pubescent, trans versely oblong, bilobed, 1
connate 0.5 mm.
mum long, 2-2.75 mm wi, th upper ioe oblong, obtuse, the lowe lobe half as lange. sa obtuse;
ohana
Hhalcate | 5 mt
pee e's pe RE
ho "cuneate, third, e:
is kk aes ie omen
L Orchids 1292-399, 12 Mar. 1984, C. Luer 17130 (MO). ,
t between Archid d Coca, alt. 1000 m, 17 Feb. 1990, S. Dalstrém & L. Arnby
1361, 1370 (MO).
Pastaza: north of Mera, alt. 1350 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11195
ee et ee ee ert 20m, 12 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & D.
D’ Alessandro 6209 (Holotype: SEL:
Coens between Mendez and Morona, alt. 950 m, 18 Jan. 1989,
C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 13993 (MO).
: era del Condor east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1300 m, 19 May 1988, C.
Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetia & W. Teague 13479 (MO), Cordillera del Condor east of Pa-
quisha, alt. 1450 m, 19 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11941 (Holotype:
MO), above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, et al. 9588 (MO); same area,
alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10904, 10936 (MO).
Also Peru (Amazonas).
This species is found relatively frequently in the forests of southeastern
Ecuador, with one disjunct collection i in northwestern Ecuador. It is identified by
the rter than the ovate, acuminate leaf; entire sepals;
transverse petals with upper lobes large and obtuse; the lip with a narrow body and
TF HP 5 or less with four tufts of hairs.
Lepanthes iricolor Luer, sip toe ay 54: 349, 1983. 131.
Ey: a Latin iricolor, “with the colors of the rainbow,” referring to the waar ea of
ry
raeecrut, 1 4
Ramicauls slender, eee = con kee
enclosed by 4-6 ee ay a sheaths Leaf erect :
hameaeaeiiann mm wide, the broadh 1 coriaceous, purple-reti culate, ovat subacute,
Inflorescence nal 1
p pace ting
a a | 1, a os spp re long bome by
P “a eet See aa i eae eae ee WL 1 Ascel 0775 mm
Meg ineed: : ‘<
acute, shortly acuminate, denticulate, the dorsal
_ with green margins, 2.1 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, connate to the lateral each ,
lateral sepals oblique, yellow with the midvein red, 2
petals sie —— yo was long, 1.1 sum wide, connate 0.25 mm;
midvein, the upper lobe oblong, fea detewuackooie ae obtuse; lip orange, bilaminate, the
iate, the body » the apices acute, the bases roun i, the connectives broadly
rilies aa mm long, TRI reR TS wiser gece PE I triangular,
Mette Yeaiai,
er
A. Hirtz 6895 (Holotype: SEL). yacu, alt. 600 m, 21 Feb. 1982, C. Luer &
Pit des see nerves only from the type-collection, probably because it
iicoloe ilaaidhy Geeks aalie ex fewer collections have been made. Lepanthes
Unfortunately, these colors may vary ight, multiple colors of the flower parts.
genus. Otherwise this species rr ae i otis species of the
racemes; ovate, denticulate . guished by the tiny habit; short, congested
en connate only at the base; comparatively large,
ll, triangular appendix.
.
NL EE ge a a Le ED ee ee ae Ne
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 105
Lepanthes jackinpyxa Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 38, 1987. Fig. 132.
Be tiv 3». eaten A th is di t j k-i the: box.
Plant iz it lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 11-15 om long,
enclosed by — 15 glabrous, ated sheaths with
Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, peer aes with purple cso suborbicular, obtuse, abruptly long-eco-
minate, 67 cm long, 3-3.5 cm th Inflores-
cence a congested, secund, soca several-flowered — ae to 10 =~ m long, bome behind the
leaf by a filiform peduncle 3-3.5 cm long; ovary 3.5 mm
long; sepals light yellow-green, glabrous, o ovate, acute, ps pn Siar <a 7 mm long, 4 mm wide,
lat 2mm;
microscopically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 2 mm long, 5.25 mm wide, with a setiform midiobe 0.5
mm long, the upper lobe light brown, oblong, obliquely truncate, we — lobe smaller, narrowly tri-
— acute; lip bilaminate, red-brown, the laminae ous, glandular-cellular,
—— dies me column, 2. 251 mm a long, the bases rounded, the apices s esol at ciliate, t the
es Cuneate, th
tion of the center of the body, ith an oblong, pubescent, gmented from th gin of th
sinus, th it d; pears 4mm cay th eh,
aan: oo, |
VaVily 5
sth, | i: £, ne ne | th
ASLRUGEE 5S fb E iS > Bil
Moarana.Santia ° 1 Se: +.
m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. ing ge Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11847 rorewais =. same area, ae
Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12727 (MO).
This species is recognized by the orbicular, long-pointed leaves; a short, con-
gested inflorescence; ovate acute sepals; petals not unlike those of the common L.
mucronata with a setiform middle lobe and a truncate upper lobe; thin, membranous
blades of the lip so thoroughly adnate medially over the column that they cannot be
separated without tearing the margins; an oscillating, segmented appendix that folds
back into a sac in the body of the lip; and a pair of long teeth from the apex of the
column that protrude beyond the margins of the united blades of the lip.
Lepanthes jamboeensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. ie ; Bhs es
Planta nflore bilobis rages
sepalis ovatis acutis lateralis pbc ieee gb cs peal ee
Tiore cuneato, lobo inferi =
zis, ais a ; = p i s PF = ta gl rs E 1. inte
mde medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. ee ods paint tig
osed by 9-13 ciliate, = lpmtlionn seat Leaf eroct, coriaceoms, ovate, Scn%,
cm long, 2-2.8 cm wide, th y contracted into a petiole 2 mm long.
Inflorescence a i, distichous 1-fl peso a
ese er atc mer sig vote eet Trl eg pss
uae ovary 3 mm long; sepals yellow, carinate e along the veins, the lateral
\ i i od, connate a ee ae ee 65
ee yellonr ton oa a ae canaie 4 mies tate SY Sire to mide, wid the
i i wide, the
apices acute, diverging; petals minutely See coe eee 1.5 $m og,
: bases
the middle; lip pink, bilaminate, the blades pubescent, sawing Sn ing as da
vidh rosaingthvgabe case eat ios stg eT ia ons
Jong, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic i in forest south of Zamora, above Rio Jamboe, alt. 1550 m, 22 Jan.
1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup & A. Hirtz 16098 (Holotype: MO).
106 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This species is distinguished by the congested inflorescence shorter than the
ovate leaf and a relatively large flower. The dorsal sepal is triangular and acute; the
laterals are deeply connate, pubescent above the middle, concave and glabrous
below the middle. The upper lobe of the petals is cuneate, the lower lobe is oblong
with a convex area toward the base. The blades of the lip are narrowly oblong; the
body is wide with a protuberant sinus with a minute, globose appendix.
jamesonii Lindl. ex Rchb.f. Xenia Orch. 1: 152, 1856. Fig. 134.
Ety.: Named in honor of Joh this species
Syn.: Lepanthes delphax Lue Pca 339, 1983.
-. EA. 26K ra |
ah From the Latin poe, “a little pig,’’ in reference to the protruding apical stigma that
a pig.
resembles the snout
di Damsinart
P to stout, erect,
Siceter serch i Giaaacatoes Ges Asaiaitean sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous,
acuminate, acute, 3-8 cm long, 1.3-2.5 am wide, the base base cuneate i into the petiole +7 om
Inflorescence a loose, successively sex
as
ng te lfom pence po! om lng: orb 1mm log, inflated peel mm lng vay
to sub orbicular, concave, 273335 mnie, 5-3 mm wide, connate t to the late lateral sepals for 0.5-0. 75
e, oblique, su 75-3 mm long, 1- oe
*
pubescent , tran
versly yes, 0.75-0. Or ) mm long, 2.25-3 mm am wide, the lobes ge with Fcuaiiod nie
or narrower, lip yellow or orange with purple
border, bilaminate, the blades ovate, 1.5 mm long, the apices acute, incurved, the bases rounded, the
pas aeaack ives broadly y cuneate-oblong, the body broad » connate to the base of the column, the appendix
“AM gh t, 1.25 mm long, the anther and
stigma apical.
to ithe Li i bly Chekathi Ee Gardens from Jameson in Ecuador, and with an illustra-
rush og, m, Aug. 1894, F. C. Lehmann 7179 (W); forest
inthe paramo beween Al Angsand Tulsa 3350m, 3 Ape 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11064
Pichincha: epiphytic in cloud forest between Quito
and Chiriboga, alt. 2700 m, 6 Feb. 1979, C.
Hit 2000 (MO Mopeds ak 980 Ser ae SEL); Pasachoa, alt. alt. 3300 m, 20 Oct. 1984, A.
; Mojanda, alt. 3300 m, 29 Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1933 (MO).
Low J. Laer & A Hire 3986 (ype tL ee Fe
delphax: SEL), terrestrial roadcut above Pilal6,
m, 26 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Plenaap stoops a“ pee
epiphytic at the pass north of Chillanes. alt.
im, T. F es, alt. 2650 m, 25 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S.
Dalstrom, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9708 (MO); same area, alt. 2800 m, 11 Feb. 1990. 5. Dalstrom & L.
Araby 1312 north of Vi -
i a
Hi
; Chillanes,
: ‘ , A. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro 14994
alt. 3400 m, 10 Mar. 1991, C- Luer, J. Ler, A. Hirt &J. Det hee a
hing: We a5 - io
ww 4
several species ii € center-piece of a collage of
Reichenbach apheerd identified as “asia In his Xenia Orchidaceae
the name L. jamesonii with a brief description in
and ci tee
Species have been described as L. de
taxa refer to the column wi Seems
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 107
The differences given in separating the two have subsequently proven to be incon-
sequential among variations in the wide distribution
Lepanthes jamesonii is characterized by the loose, several-flowered racemes that
are shorter than the oblong, shortly acuminate leaf. The dorsal sepal is broad and
obtuse; the laterals are connate to near the middle with the apices varying in width
and often diverging. The petals are transversely oblong; the blades of the lip are
ovate and supported by broad connectives, and the appendix is minute.
Lepanthes janitor Luer & Escobar, — Orchid Soc. Bull. 53: 476, 1984. Fig. 135.
oe cna e Latin janitor, ‘‘a doork
der. Ramicauls Slender, erect, 10-18 cm
long, enclosed e 11-19 Simin ciliate eee sheaths. Leaf erect, fiaceous, narrowly
acute, acuminate, 4-5 cm long, 1-1.7 cm wide, the base ae ae In-
florescence a conges re ee several-flowered raceme up to 10 mm long, behind the leaf
by a filiform peduncle 7- 25 mm long; floral bract 1.5 mm long; pedicel 2.5-4.5 mm long; ovary 2 mm
long; sepals glabrous, elhidai-ihaatiraloie translucent light yellow-green, the dorsal sepal triangular,
acute, 5-5.5 mm long, 3-4.25 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, the lateral sepals ob-
lique, ovate, acute, 5-6 mm long, 2 2.2 mm wide, connate 2 mm; ane prstenne wim eone's
bil
, 1-1.5 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, lobes, the upper
lobe oblong, truncate, suffused with purple-b the t pex, the lower lobe smaller, tri-
angular, acute; lip translucent green, suffused with red-purple, bilaminate, the blades semi-orbicular with
rounded ends, adherent to each other over the column, 1 5- “l. 8 mm pe the connectives narrow with a
narrow body th a large, oblong, concave, pubescent
appendix, 1 mm long, with a truncate, long-ciliate apex; column ‘15 mm long, with the anther dorsal, the
stigma ventral.
Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet forest west of Lita toward San Lorenzo, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, G:
Luer, J. asi A. Hirtz etc al. 12400 (MO). —
Also EAS
ame HY cas
This species, locally but widely distributed in the Andes of Colombia and
Ecuador, is distinguished by the long, slender ramicauls and a proportionately
small, narrowly ovate leaf with the congested raceme borne behind. The color of
the flowers is similar to others also characterized by an uncinate,
The sepals are translucent while the petals are green with a dark, purple-brown,
truncate, upper lobe. The blades of the lip are translucent and adherent over the
column. The appendix is large, oblong and concave with a long-ciliate apex. The
Plants examined are very stable morphologically through their range.
. 136.
*apmnthes jay yandella Luer, sp. nov. Fig
iamed for J & L Orchids where re the species is cultivated. : eae ee x
Species haec L. Se sed sepalis latioribus, labelli laminis apicibus angus
tioribus et appendice subnulla differt
small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-16 iim ine,
by 45 minal neopets shea, Lea cos enn oe abel 12-17 mm
mm wide, the base broadly : filiform
istichous, successively several- owed come oc Sm ng, tome ind ay om
peduncle 10 mm long; floral bract 1.5 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 3 mm long, 1 1.8mm
ss ovate, slightly acuminate, acute, slightly concave, the dorsal wide, connate 0.5 mm;
to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral — mm long, 1.4mm bilobed, the
hee baiecai yng: of both lobes purple-brown, minutely pubescent, : larger than
lobes oblon: tii oe opposite, i on ke, 2.4 mm wide, the upper lobe slightly
108 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
the lower lobe; orange, pu . t d the b: bilaminate, the 1
vi a ith narrowly obtus apic 1S mm m long, the connectives aie
cuneate, e, the body broad, connate the base of the column th the appendix reduced
Jumn slend clavate, lmm long, th ther d 1, th, stigr pical
ithout locality, probably collected by Cordelia or Marguerite Webb, flowered in cultivation
3 2 LOnhids Boome. CE 12 Mar. 1994, C. Te ieee: 00).
Thi ll species has been in cultivation at J & L Orchids for several years. It
liected in Ecuador, but unft tely, the label was lost. It grows well, many
pees the plant having ds ‘It is identified by the minute habit with
lorful er behind the ovate leaves. The sepals are
ph tan Nios acute; the lobes of a yellow petals are oblong with purple tips; the
blades of the lip are narrowly ovate; and the appendix is merely a minute, cellular
process.
Lepanthes jimburae Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 42: 189, 1991. ‘ Fig. 137.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-25 mm long, enclosed
by 3-4 ciliate, lepanthifo lat Leaf erect, coriaceous,
obovate, obtuse, 7-18 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-3 mm long. Inflores-
praise iy (sca 0 ascot eda
jong, sabbath onthe ce sepa rod nome = spiculate; > pedicel 1
i 5 mm long
"|
the d pal . the blade 4.5 mn Bel Se dessn osemcasit tac hones
pu form el 45 a, tartan , p ls 1] ? g i 34443 g th tail 2 mm long, 2.5
a P t ely ilot ac oscar ameliesigamamatel
1.
, acute. bilaminate, orange-
brown the laminae mcrosaalp petveos, chong. convex, 1.5 mm loog, the ends net , the
ovoid, pubescent appendix; -olumn st 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, th stigr ventral.
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest south of the
1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11999 gr sit og neat 21 Feb.
In one area of cold cloud forest in southern Ecuador, this little species grows
intermixed with several other small species characterized by large flowers borne in
loose, flexuous, successively Pi racemes much longer than the leaves. A
very large-flowered form of L. caudata and L. avicularia are abundant, but this
sont. alticola and L. vermicularis are less frequent. Except for L. jimburae all
others are also known from other localities in southern Ecuador. Lepanthes
ener: is Rape by the fewer, loose, lepanthiform sheaths; obovate leaves;
long blades of the lip with short connectives; and an ovoid,
Lepanthes jubata
Ety.: Fre ae “one ha es Nes Kogeoes
Ramicauls slender, suberect, 2-7 cm long, enclosed
with purple, ovate, actmninate, scare, 1Oaee Leaf erect to suberect, coriaceous, more or less suffused
prmsenmemeagie rounded base abruptly contracted into a petiole 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence 2
ot 1.196
Ulaet i 1.25 mm long, minutely spiculate; pedicel 0.5-1 mm
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 109
long; ovary 0.5-1.5 mm long, ¢ echinate; flower part yellow; sepal
margins shortly laciniate, i g pi ial dorsal sep | ace, 34mm log, 1.
995 mm wide, teh 1} the lat. 1 HL obtuse, al mm
long, 3.5-4 mm wide togeth r, petals nat oblong, bilobed, 1 mm long, 3.25-4.25 mm lng, both
lobes obtuse, the upper ae lip bilaminate, the laminae oblong, oblique, the margins with long,
straight | hairs, the apices nairo owly obtuse, the b rectangular, erect
the body b broad, connate tothe base of the column, the sinus broad:
ly rounded and protruding with a minute, pedunculated, b ilobed appendix; column stout, 1 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Carchi: cloud forest between Tulcan and Maldonado, alt. 3300 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dal-
strém & T. Héijer 9885 (MO).
Sucumbjos: south of Santa Barbara, alt. 2700 m, 20 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15203
0).
Imbabura: Selva Alegre, alt. 2850 m, 6 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 9981 (MO);
same area, Apr. and Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1682, 1922 (MO).
Pichincha: West Iliniza, alt. 2700 m, 20 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz 2045 (MO); west slopes of Volcan
pg egrets t. 2800 m, 23 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12465 (MO).
epiphytic in cloud forest near Papallacta, alt. 2500 m, 29 Oct. 1979, C. — J. Luer & A.
Hirtz 4447 (Holotype: SEL); Papallacta, alt. 2700 m, May 1984, A. Hirtz 1809 (NO); west of Baeza, alt.
2600 m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11280 (MO).
Morona-Santiago: east of the pass between Gualaceo and Limén, alt. beste wo 16 Feb. 1986, C.
, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11836 (MO); east of the pass east of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m,
15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13353 (Mo), east of Paute toward
dam site, alt. 2580 m, 25 jen, 1569, C. Enos, 5 Lawn, Be Setnp, Adena Ah. 14064 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 10931 (MO).
Also Peru (Amazonas).
This pretty little species is relatively frequent and widely distributed through
Ecuador and northern Peru. The margins of the leaves are usually smooth, but
occasionally they are minutely denticulate or undulate. The congested raceme is
orter than the leaf; the sepals are ovate and denticulate; the petals are transversely
oblong; the blades of the lip are long-ciliate and held above the column by rectangu-
lar connectives; the body of the lip is protuberant with a minute, pedunculate, bi-
lobed appendix.
Lepanthes kuijtii Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 53: 1160, 1984. Fig. 139.
Ety.: Named in honor of Job Kuijt, co-discoverer of this species.
Plant small to medium, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicanls slonser, avoct, 2-5 sw Ete
shilownttn ¥i0 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, rounded, contracted
beneath, ovate, acute, shortly acuminate, 18-25 mm long, 8-14 mm i we, h as oud up to 10 mm
Into a petiole 2 mm successively
Snape ne ae hee an
mm long; ovary sparsely echinate, 1.2 mm long; sepals red with yellow, denti ide, 3-veined,
echinate, ovate, acute, acuminate ate-caudate, a ee long,
lateral for 0 eS
bilobed,
to the sepals fo:
1.75 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 0.75 mm; petals dark red,
the
ie
denon with the appendix lrg, ovoid, long-pubescent,
long, the anther and gma apical.
Imbabura: epiphytic in wet forest along Rio Los Cedros, alt. 1500-1800 m, 16 Mar. 1992. S- Dar
strém et al. 1640 (MO); Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 1900 m, 22 Jan. 1923, S. eyens. syag
Inguntorp 1728 (MO), same area, alt. 1500-1650 m, 25 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrom, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell-
, Oa), alt.
and Santo Domingo,
: epiphytic in cloud forest along the old road between Chiriboga and amg
1650 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstram, T. Hoijer & J. Kuijt 9842 (Holotype: MO;
SEL); above Mindo, alt. 2000 m, 6 Dec. 1984 48 (MO).
110 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is characterized
by the red and yellow, flowers with denticulate, shortly caudate sepals, that are
borne in short racemes on top of an ovate, shortly acuminate leaf. The upper lobes
of the sepals are obliquely truncate with the outer corner elongated. The lobes of
the lip are cuneate and spreading to either side of the column. The outer, truncate
margin is thickened as rudimentary blades, The appendix is comparatively large,
ovoid and long-pubescent.
Lepanthes Hanganatensis Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 41; 161, 1991. Fig. 140.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, cacspitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, stout, 6-9 cm long,
oa i oO Leaf erect, coriaceous, oblong-
lightly acuminate, 3.5-5 cm long, 1.5-2.4 cm wide, the rounded base con! tracted into a
pln ig. Ines a dense, distichous, successively flowered raceme up to 5 mm long
duncle 15-18 mm long; floral bracts 2 mm long; —
subcarinate ovate, entire, the dorsal
mm long, “Stam wide conte other spl for 13mm hela sepals cellar papular,
oblique, obtuse, abruptly short-acuminate, 6 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 3-veined, connate 2 mm; petals
shortly pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 5 mm v wide, » the lobes triangular-falcate, acute, the
2 + oe. ‘o ib lam i
nate, the blades ovate, with th ices acute and the b ee tee dee
d, thick body, a Ni Sa ol aR aoe Bi
sol ee pi Jumn | mm long, the anth
tee dla “«€
, the: sinus prone with a
ens TI
cage MO), ¢: Lar at, 11508.
mo) 3
tes Range, alt. 3000 m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2202
f Mt. Iliniza, alt. 2800 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2061
Recently this heretofore unknown species has been found twice by Alexander
Hirtz in distant localities in the Andes of central Ecuador. It is recognized by the
dark, coarsely ciliate sheaths of the ramicauls; short, congested racemes; broad
sepals, the laterals three-veined, cellular-papular; pointed, falcate lobes of the pe-
tals; ovate, acute blades of the lip; and a small bi
ad cilia a isegmented appendix. It is related
Lepanthes Hoensis Luer, Luer, Phytologia S4: 350, 1983. Fig, 141.
a for the community near Quito, where the species was discovered.
MP yer mars Se nomacimls croxt, slender, 9-38 cm long, enclosed
acuminate, acute, 8-11 cm long, 2-3.5 cm om sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, ovate-oblong,
per smageavge mon og nf cca, is th be rand orgy cordate, abrupy contracted
ide expanded, the distant; petals bricht yell ccianiiee
ides cane chlcng, se ing aewar egos a round-
lower lobe
a iin
‘appendix a :
column stat, Sm long, he sake “a
Se ee ee a ee ee eee ey (RS a ae eee oat he ee eye et i ee eee FT Se Benet ak Pe Fp eee ee eo
7 er - ' See Se SRO rel te eee
ee ae a
Lott yet SAE
wa ci
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 111
Carchi: scrub forest north of El Playén, alt. 3100 m, 20 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz
15191 (M' 0).
Santa Bart t of Tulcén, alt. 2700 m, 5 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Dalstrém & T. "Hier 9 9968 (M0).
Joa, alt. 2700 m, 27 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer
& A. te 4363 (Holotype: cor Lloa, alt. 2750 m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. “Hirtz 2055 (MO); between San
Juan and Chiriboga, alt. 2650 m, 28 Mat 1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13698 (MO).
This usually large species occurs in the area around the old village of Lloa, but
one collection has been made on the eastern slope of the Andes farther north. It is
identified by the large habit; a very congested raceme shorter than the acuminate
leaf; broad sepals, the laterals deeply connate with distant, obtuse apices; petals
with falcate lower lobes and sometimes with an attempt to make the upper lobes
falcate as well; and convex blades of the lip with a tiny, filamentous appendix.
Lepanthes lophius Luer & Escobar, ae sa 351, , 1983. Fig. 142.
Ety.: Named for th ) ty of the appendix t
“bait” peculiar to these fish.
medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-8.5 cm long,
enclosed 10-14 ciliated, lepanthiform sheaths with markedly dilated ostia. Leaf rete coriaceous,
iad beneath, , narrowly ovate, acute, 3-5 cm long, 1.2- 1. 5 cm wide, mop gpa
long congested, flexuous,
a filiform orn peduncle up to 2.5 em long, up the back of the laf orl brat mam ong; pte 125 mm
long; ovary 2 m the dorsal
ec paige slightly concave, acute, attenuate, 11 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm to the later-
al sepals, the margins distantly ape the lateral sepals narrowly ovate , oblique, acute, attenuate,
11 mm long, cane mm wide, connate suffused
ob) obed, 2 mm nee mm wide, the upper lobe more of less quadrate, truncate, the
lower lobe pean pe oblong, obtuse; lip rose, bilaminate, tt g
slightly concave, 2.66 mm 1 | anteriorly, the connectives cuneate, the body narrow, connate to
the column akon the base, ‘the appendix spathulate, pubescent; column stout, 2 mm long, the anther
dorsal, the stigma ventral.
na-sSantia 1 1¢ o | il af
m, 29 Oct. 1982, C. yo R. Pickers A. Pozo 8212 es pat SEL); aioe 2650 m, 6 Feb
1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11832 (MO).
This very pretty species is known from only one locality in southeastern
Ecuador. It is identified by the relatively large, purple and yellow flowers with
attenuated, minutely serrulate sepals, borne in a flexuous raceme shorter than -
leaf. The transverse petals are truncate; the blades of the lip are ovate and ciliate;
and the appendix is spathulate.
Mil.
Lepanthes lycocephala Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 147, 1984. Fig. 143.
Ety.: the Greek lycocephalos, “wolf-headed,” t PE "
Plant sm A Nr a CORAM Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-15 mm long, enclosed
microscopi minutely erose,
by 4-5 ically ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, 1
elliptical, subacute, fon 5-6 mm wide, a sees cecueta wea ponaie } in Ie: —
concn a us, successively few-flomered raceme, up to3 mm long, borne te ore
by a peduncle 3 mm 1 045 tice] eles lightly
Papillose; sepals denticulate-fimbriate, spiculate-carinate externally along
Se epileromey fen famg asengs 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for | mm, the obsne
mm long,
apex acuminate into
4.5 mm long, 5mm a en eek bee, abruplly contracted into narrow tail 1 mm long;
112 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
petals red, pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe triangular, the lower
fe mary oblong. lnge than th wider pero: ip red, bilaminate, the blades ciliate ate, pubescent,
obovate, 1.5 mm long, the apices broadly the bases acute, erect, t bliquely
cuneate, the body broad, the b f th ilies | ie p distinct appen
dix, coh ly terete, 2 mm long, the anther apical, th irs ical, transversely bilobed.
Imbab fi b f Lita, alt. 1200 m, 11 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz,X. Hirtz, ph si pal M. Evans & J. Del Hierro 15554 ss MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia, Choc6, Valle del Cauca and Nari
This tiny species is distinguished by the elliptical leaves with erose margins, and
a proportionately large, red flower borne in a congested raceme shorter than the
leaf. The margins of the sepals are denticulate. The apices of the laterals are con-
tracted into short tails. The apices of the blades of the lip are broadly subtruncate
while the bases are acute and erect. The appendix is represented by a mass of long
hairs. The column is slender with an apical anther and a transversely bilobed
stigma similar to those seen in many species of Pleurothallis and most species of
Stelis,
Lepanthes maccolmiana Luer, ra nov. Fig. 144.
Bev WI.
where this species was discovered.
Species haec 1. larvi, T Sets afte cat Endice Yoo ro ea Oana ie ae Es
ae Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-5 cm long, enclosed
coriaceous, ovate
by
p fatal 1.5-2 cm long, 1.7-2 ' ted
petiole 1.5-2 mm long. ie tone a very congested, distichous, satan faa y salen
raceme up to 10mm long, bome behind the lea by a filiform peduncle 5- -10 mm long; floral bracts
1-1.25 mm long; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals with red margins,
ng, 1.5 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals red,
ran era gem msec deta iS nnine 5 mm wide, ee ee ee
; wer lobe
ate, the lami rr
pare i
ag. emai ates ee ee the
sinus obtuse, with * proba, oo pbs appendix, with a smaller, basal segment beneath;
apical.
REA nner a de Mache,
May 1985,J.L. Clark &C. Wait 838 (MO: QCNE) C: Lawrie ioe sabe alt- 400-600 m, 9
This species is apparently endemic in lowland western Ecuador. In habit it
resembles L. wionasecrc ther the transversely ovate leaves broadly subcordate
ver, are very similar to those of L. larvina Luer &
are ha rom a higher altitude in the Westem Cordillera of Colombia. The sepals
ern very shortly acuminate. In both species the petals are large with the
— Oe renee defied in the natural postion The connectives of
chen pores — SS .
near i
dix lies sii palpi ead middle, and the appen-
ae eT ee TE Oe ee ee ee
PRE ee en feene Tek] MeN ee PM AR ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 113
Lepanthes magnifica Luer, Phytologia 54: 351, 1983. Fig. 145.
Ety.: From the Latin magnificus, “magnificent,’’ referring to the large habit with large white and
purple flowers
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 20-30 cm long, enclosed by
15-19 ciliate, lepanthif orm sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, ciliat ¢ along the veins eins beneath, ovate,
, lightly acuminate, 12-15 cm long, 5-6.5 cm wide, th d int
twisted petiole 3-4 mm long. Inflorescence a very congested, distichous, sagen ah many-flowered
raceme up to 3 cm long, bome by a filiform peduncle up to 4 cm long along the back of the leaf; floral
bract 1.5 mm long; pedicel 2 mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals white, the dorsal sepal glabrous, triang-
ular, the acute meal shortly erent 12 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, connate basally to the lateral sepals
for 2 mm, the lateral sepals elli cal-oblong, ri pubescent, concave basally, 10.5 mm long, 5 mm
wide, connate 3.5 mm, the aie apices abruptly contracted into short, recurved tails 1.5 mm long;
petals white with a broad red red margin, minutely pubescent, transversely oblong, bilobed, the lobes ob-
long, oblique, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller, lip rose, peta the blades narrowly oblong-ovate,
obtuse, glabrous, 2.25 mm long, the connectives shortly cun e, the body connate to the above
the base, the Sr . a with a pair of j Se ‘terminal lobules; column stout, 2 mm
long, the anther d entral.
Imbabura: Los Cedros Reserve, Rio Los Cedros, wet forest, alt. 1500-1800 m, 16 Mar. 1992, S.
Dalstrém 1650 (MO); same area, alt. 1700 m, 21 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1703
(MO
).
Dichinch a, Ue ier 1 4 £. } Lad iD, emer alt 1600 m, 13 Mar. 1982, C.
riz & S. Dalstrém 7333 pomiene SEL); between Mindo and San Miguel de los Bancos, alt.
1450, pul 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 9868 (MO).
This large species is apparently confined to a small area on the western slopes of
Pichincha. It is recognized by the size of the habit and large flowers borne ina
congested raceme shorter than the leaf. The sepals are white with the apices pro-
duced into short tails; the lateral sepals are shortly pubescent; the petals are trans-
sm oblong; and the pubescent appendix is terminated by a diverging pair of
lobules
ae) eameaiios T Lact, i nov. HEIN. lees
Ety.: From nipple-bearing,” referring iz + tip £ st E an.
the nar ae
Planta grandis, infl ti listicha foli t o breviore sepalis
Ovatis acutis lateralibus minute put hus ootall bilobi nersg bell .
laminic gl ~ ae =a . a im Se + LE Ps
= ee ca fr
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose, roots stout. Ramicauls stout, erect, 14-30 cas lang, enclosed ty
b dea, Tepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erec, coniacoums, ovate, acute, 8.5 cm long, 2.4 cm
(only on ca. 2mm long. Inflorescence a very congested,
icktee, successive! pocioe mano ylevat ee renciae » ome behind the leaf by a a peduncle
25-30 mm long; floral bracts 1.75 mm long; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary 3.5 mm long; han geod anit
entire, carinate externally, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 8 mm long, 4.25 mm wide,
lateral i minutely
Connate to the base of the column, with the appendix di ided medially into two
column 2 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
ECUADOR: Prov. of Carchi: epiphytic in f t of Maldonado, alt. 2500 m, 24 Feb. 1992, S.
Dalstrém 1562 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16221.
114 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This species is known only from the type-collection. It is similar to the host of
other large members of the genus with a tall, robust ramicaul that bears a very
congested, successively flowered raceme behind an ovate leaf. The relatively large
flower i is also superficially similar to those of the others with ovate, acute sepals.
ished by the short pul ce of the lateral sepals;
petals with slightly dilated, rounded ends; a glabrous lip with the apices of the
narrow and rounded; and an appendix divided into a pair of nipple-like
processes. In the natural position, the tips of the laminae of the lip are held beside
the processes of the appendix.
Lepanthes manabina Dodson, Icones PI. Trop. 128, nl Fig. 147.
Bee wi.
Syn: Lapa: mason Lt oe 352, 1983. —
£ +h les, 1 1
z=
Oa aes ea + d b tt ct, slender, 2-10
cm long, gatas ee or ke ee snaskodly dilated and acuminate at
dark green, purple vases more or less reticulate, suberect to horizontal, coriaceous,
the ostia. Leaf dark
, subreticula ate, 2-6
long, 1.5-2.2 cm wid kpanded the e, the base broadly cuneate or oanie.
a congested, subsecund, mcooaivly many-flowered raceme up to 2 22 mm long,
bome by a filiform peduncle 5-12 mm long, lyin ct 1
mm long; podica 1.5 mm long; — -5 mm long; sepals purple-black or dark i: estonia, with or
carinate-spiculate along the veins,
the margins ciliate, he dra sepal const, 6mm log, 3.5 mm vide expanded, the Intra cpl
oblique, 6 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 2 mm, with incurved tails 4-6 mm mm long; petals green, yellow or
purple, minutely pubescent, transversely oblong-bilobed, 1.25 mm long, 4.25 mm wide, the upper lobe
oblong, obtuse, the lower lobe narrowly triangular, oblique, obtuse; lip metallic greenish brown, bilami-
nate, the blades oblong, 2 mm long, minutely ciliate, the © connectives cuneate, , the body broad, connate to
; co mm
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest above Maldonado, alt. 2000 m, 25 Ai
ug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer &
obs Hae es ne en Tulcan and Maldonado, alt. 2400 m, 20 May 1973, L.
. Lojtnant &
ag uae 9029 Peg baie een Maldonado and Chical, alt. 1400 m, 21
ierro irtz 15117 (MO .
ons is5¢Q4O) (MO); same area, alt. 2500 m, 24 Feb.
Manabi: forest at summit of Monticristi, alt. 600
m, 26 Dec. 1961, C. H. Dodson & L. B. Thien
1725 (Holesype: SEL), seasonally dry cloud forse Mateo alt. 500 m, 27 Feb. 1977, C. Luer. J.
Luer & K. Cordoba 1475 (SEL).
Also Colombia (Antioquia, Tolima, Risaralda, Narifio).
This species is widely distributed in the western and
central cordilleras of
Colombia and northern Ecuador. The illustration of L. manabina published by
Dodson is deceiving, which led to the description of L. mastodon.
“cranthes manabina is recognized by the metallic greenish brown, flower rest-
ing in the sulcus on top of a convex leaf. The lepanthiform sheaths are marked
verse with a proportionately large upper lobe: the blades of the oblon
the appendix is triangular in the sinus of the body. tne cit
ne Ie Oe hee, cael Ca ee pears een Te ater atery ee tm ot Pee ee BES, AIMED
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 115
Lepanthes mastix Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 99, 1987. Fig. 148.
Ety.: From the Greek mastix, “a whip,”’ referring to the long, flexible inflorescence.
PI size to large, epiphytic ;
stout, erect, 5-16 cm long, enclosed by 6-13 dark a, pea ie pans red, poimier-Sa sheaths.
Leaf suberect, thinly coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acumin: 5-10 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the
base cuneate into a petiole 5-8 mm long. nieriaaasca a pg flexible, hi
many-flowered raceme up to 35 cm long including the slender peduncle : 3. 5-7 cm ~~ floral bracts
oblique, 4 mm long; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary costate
base, minutely glandular-pubescent, with the margins minutely short-ciliate, the dorsal sepal triangular,
acuminate, acute, 13 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 2 mm, the lateral sepals
mn; mm te
pubescent, transversely bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, the lobes oblique, obtuse, the upper lobe 1.5
mm long, the lower, 0.5 mm long; lip orange, bilaminate, the laminae shortly pubescent, narrowly
ier 1S mm mm long, the connectives short, the body connate to the base of the column, the sinus
; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Oo 'TFE
yee — in cloud forest between Tulcan and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 6 cai 1985, .
Luer, 1, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11075 (Holotype: MO); above La Esperanza betwee
and oie alt. 3200-3450 m, 9 Apr. 1979, B. Lojtnant, U. Molau & M. Madison 12055 (AAU): NW ot
El Carmelo, alt. a m, 15 Apr. 1979, B. ip nt, U. Molau & M. Madison 12553 _ pe
u&
Pr.
m, June 1991, A. ae etal. 5566 (Mo).
This species is capable of producing merge: long racemes, many times
longer than the leaf. Often two, sometimes three of the large, dark red flowers are
open simultaneously. The sepals are minutely ee within. The densely
pubescent petals are proportionately very small. The laminae of the lip are oblong
and the appendix is short and pubescent.
Leese maxillaris Luer & Hirtz, sp. n Fig. 149.
the Latin maxillaris, ‘with jaws,” ete to the pincerlike shape of the lip.
Plant. + ae Se ao ae i. ae +. £1 wedtretehrs bre-
ee oe ge ovatis g lah Ed Pp : bil 4: : Z 1: si bs = gi “ : at obtusis evertis le
nilobato ¢, » QS . £. . Lt
Plant di i size, epiphytic it : ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-4.5 cm
long, enclosed by 7-8 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, reticulated in purple b coriaceous,
ovate, acute, 18-22 mm long, 12-16 mm wide, th Jed b a y Come bv ye ca
long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively seve i
125 rere eee eal
mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals translucent yellow-orange, Ov:
the dorsal maniac ya clas , 3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate to > othe ata sepals for 05
mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 3.75 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 0.4mm, sigcsayaat
orange, microscopically pu t, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, the lobes ——
in size and shape, triangular, with the obtuse apices everted; lip 3-lobed, lobed, the lateral lobes y wager
brous, hook-shaped, the acute apices incurved, 1.4 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, the rn i te
pubescent, aie on the distal third, connate to the base of the column; column U.5 mm
Mendez
Morona-Santi
aiMiceone oh. 9500 i 17 Jan. 1989, C Luer, J. Luer, P. pene A. ee eas Ortega 13990
(Holotype: MO).
This species from a low altitude in the Cordillera del Cutuct is identified by
congested raceme of an inflorescence shorter than the purple-reticulated leaves;
Ovate, acuminate, glabrous sepals; boomerang-like petals; and a three-lobed lip. The
lateral lobes are hook-shaped like pincers. The large middle lobe is really a huge,
Ovate appendix with a densely pubescent, obtuse apical third.
116 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes megalostele Luer, Pacem. areca shi 1983. Fig. 150.
— ee a larg to the size of the column.
Pt age say ci
Ety.: saree tg AO “a small beard,” referring to the ciliate appendix.
Plant medi ize, epiphytic, ; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-9 cm long,
losed by 5-8 blackish, close, mi iliate, lepanthife heaths, with the ostia essentially
ee 2-4 cm long, 1- -1.8 cm wide, the base cuneate into a
petiole 2-3 py ahs Inflorescence a L congested, distichous, ond pemoerma successively sot
raceme up to
eget eid fmm ong ra 2: og sepals nae Chea, Caclackl eatin
, 2.5 mm long, 1.5-1.9 mm wide, Bee oa ue taiaed popala oe
O.75 sam, th lateral sepals ovate, connate 1 5mm, 2.5 mm long, 2.25-2.5 mm wide together, petals
yellow or orange, < ly oblong, 0.8-1 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, microscopically
pubescent, the upper lobe elliptical, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller, oblong, obtuse; lip red, bilaminate,
Se es ioe 1 mm long, the apices acute, ciliate, the bases
bod: connate to the base of the column, the ae
cent, with an acute, ciliate, i
Tas beg aotaeer ol dagen aad
= &
Napo: epiphytic in wet forest along the new road between Cotundo and Coca, alt. 1100 m, June
1983, A. Hirtz 917B (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 9090; same area, alt 1100 m, 22 Feb. 1982, C. Luer
& A. reap agency! opt canta same area, alt guile 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J.
pretten A. Hirtz 11225 (MO) Cc 1000 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz
This species is known from only one area of relatively lowland forest on the
eastern slope of central Ecuador. It is recognized by the dark, non-dilated, lepanthi-
form sheaths; elliptical leaves; short, congested, distichous, long-pedicellate
racemes; entire, ovate sepals; and small blades of the lip flanking a considerably
larger column. The appendix is thick and pubescent with an incurved apex.
Lepanthes meganthera Luer & Hirtz, ener te 38, 1987. Fig. 151
Ety.: From the Greek meganthera, “with a large anther. to the large size of the anther.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicanls slender, erect, 1.5-3 enclosed
p Mi ame bag, 79m am a Leaf erect, erect, coriaceous, with ov shen Tad dhypiong subacute,
iol e 1 mm long. Inflorescence a
very 1_fI, A en & long, RS
2.5 1, ys tL wie t d the | f by a fils
mmo ov 15 piel 11
ovary tei grote neta
pe poueratetacelra ss, eR ED at 5 ae OE
stg a walls with darker
2 the lami-
ovate, acuminate at the apices, 1.5 mm long, connectix io cee — ih
the column, the sinus obtuse with a large. ge-bestngesd t Ser ea wale ie tense
column 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, 1 mm long, 1 mm wide, the stigma equally large, ventral.
Morona-Santiago: southeast
13879 (MO). of Sigsig: alt. 2400 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup & A. Hirtz
o
Loja; in cloud f
Mi Chae ths eee orest south of Yangana, alt. 2450 m, May 1985, A. Hirtz 2569 (Holotype:
fy pe =
kable except for the lip and column.
The les ofthe ip a oso nec and came ojaca please
nately large, oblong, and pubescent, with na trilobed gland at the apex. The
area w the
ee nance. The anthers lager than the blades ofthe lip,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 117
Pe |
Lepanthes melpomene Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 152.
see mediocris caespitosa, inflorescentia racemosa congesta secunda foliis | patentibus sulcatis
inside
to, lobo inferior ee ee obtuso, labelli laminis glabris anguste oblongis infra medium leviter
inflex
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots numerous, slender. Ramicauls suberect, slender,
— cm ete enclosed by 10-15 a lepanthiform sheaths with markedly dilated ostia. Leaf
ed wi purple, thickly c riaceous, elliptical-ovate, acute, 4-6 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide
sande si medially with both halves convex, the base cuneate into a seen 1-1.5 mm long.
Inflorescence a congested, secund, rosea many o 2 cm long, bome by a
slender peduncle ca. 1 cm long, lyi f the leaf; floral bracts 1.5 mm long; pedicels
1.5 mm long; ovary 1.25 mm long; ‘sepals light yellow, ’ denticulate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acuminate,
acute, 8. 5 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate to the lateral mere for 1.5 mm, the lateral ep ovate, ob-
, acuminate, acute, 8 mm long, 2.75 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals yellow, cellular :
transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, obliquely truncate, the lower lobe
narrowly oblong, obtuse; lip light rose on white medially, glabrous, bilaminate, the laminae narrowly
oblong, 4 obtuse, slightly co. a5 - long, lightly a adherent 0 over ‘the be colaam, the « connec-
tives broadly and shortly cuneate, the ieiataes te to th . PE the
sinus, hastate; column terete, 1.5 mm long, the i apical, the stigma peoaieery
Morona-Santia Rel & t t of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores, A. ps ap ‘& W. Teague 13355 (Holotype: MO); between Sigsig and Chiguinda, alt.
2600 m, 11 Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz 5056 (MO); between Limon and Cuenca, alt. 2200 m, 7 Jan. 1995, A.
Hirtz, X. Hirtz £ E. Sanchez 6105 (MO).
This species is similar in habit to L. manabina Luer and its relatives with the
thick, heavy, dark green, more or less pendent leaves. The leaves are sulcate cen-
trally wherein is borne the ghoulish-appearing flower. The denticulate sepals are
acuminate; the upper lobes of the petals are obliquely truncate; the blades of the lip,
adherent over the column, are narrowly oblong; and the minute appendix is arrow-
S ,
Lepanthes menatoi Luer & VAsquez, Phytologia 55: 189, 1984. __ Fig. 155.
Ety.: N: oe ipl rien auld ee re ni, Bolivia, who discovered this species.
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-25 cm long, enclosed by
10-15 pale, ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, more or less suffused with pur-
Ple, elliptical-ovate, obtuse, sho: rtly acuminate, srpesederre cm wide, the base rounded, contract-
ed into a triste petiole 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence a — distichous, successively many-flow-
Taceme up to 6 cm long, bome behind duncl deci SS ace
— He
yellow or orange, with red in, glabrous, transversely bilobed, 1.25- "tania 4S ar
Pah ies lobe oblong, truncate, the lower lobe smaller, narrowly triangular, lip yell im, caries
din sade rose, bilaminate, the blades oblong, convex, rounded ends, 1.5 mm mm long, the scones
margins glabrous, the inner margins “ciliate, the column, the connectives narrow!
pea rhresreiy th ae long , covering tf 9 obtuse with a small oblong,
Pubescent appendix; column stout, | mm long, the anther dorsal, te
Napo: Cosanga, alt. 2000 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1868 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 10462; along road
south of Baeza, alt. 1800 m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J oe
MO} erseen Quito and Bacza, alt. 1800 m, 17 Nov. 1985, C. Dodson, P. Dodson & A. Embree 1
gd epiphytic in fi Orest, east Volcan Reventador, ” alt. 1850 m, 11 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer
Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11777 (MO);
118 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Tungurahua: Llanganates, alt. 3000 m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2241 (MO).
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb.
1986, C - Luer, J. Luer, A - Hirtz, W. Flores &A. oo
vf
This large species is widely distributed on the eastern slopes of the Andes of
Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. It is stable morphologically, recognized by the usually
robust, large size with a broad, shortly acuminate leaf with a congested raceme
borne along the back surface. The sepals are subacute; the upper lobe of the petals
is oblong and truncate, and the lower lobe is narrowly triangular. Most distinctive
are the oblong, curved blades of the lip that are long-ciliate along the inner margins
creating a feathery roof over the column.
Lepanthes meniscophora Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 154.
Ety.: From the Greek meniskophoros, rere eene. eo ee petal,
Planta medieris, nflorescetia racemosa subdensa secunda folio ovato purpurco breviore, sepals
o -: A 1.0. ye = 1 hill. re 1
, labello bilamina-
& o tr a
Plant small to medium in size, — roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect,
ae 10 lepanthiform sheaths with oblique, dilated, ciliate, long-
Leaf coriaceous, suffused with purple, ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, 3-5 cm long, 1-1.6 cm
wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a subdense, secund, successively
several-flowered of the leaf by a e 5-10 mm long;
floral bracts 1 mm long; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 4 mm long; sepals light yellow, suffused with
4 carinate-spiculate externally along oa veins, the dorsal ovate, obtuse, shortly
tple, pubescent, transvers ? cre
slender, acute, the lower lobe slightly longer than the upper lobe; lip purple, bilaminate, the blades
pubescent, oblong with rounded ends, 2 mm Peta the connectives s broadly cuneate, the body broad,
ee remains te sinus; column 2 mm
£& £ a
Carchi ¢. at nt hs 2 3
do, alt 2500 m, ms Bow, 1991, A. Hirtz 5420 olotype:
Mo) La lt. above Mende 1 Ri a, alt. 2200 m, 11 Jan. 1993, A. Hirtz
re eae sige m, July _s i Del Hierro 6227 (MO).
Reserve, wi _— 26 Jan. 1 Ss. , & H.
pay rong m, 26 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer
infan SPecies, endemic in northwestem Ecuador, is distinguished by the secund
Oe leaf. The sepals are denticulate and shortly
snares petals are crescent-shaped. Similar imilar petals are seen in the Colombi-
antennifera Luer & Escobar and the Bolivian L. barbatula Luer & Vasquez.
acay olor: spre are _uer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 34, 1987. Fig. 155.
petals meminiscent of a purof edbers ne” to the pair of erect, red, upper lobes a“
ody 1 hy gp Seger
" A by 7-11 teh ery slender, fot Latumeoct
ca. 1 mm me Inflorescence a cong
to 10 Pion heptane co top of the leaf by a filiform peduncle
do, Pedicels 1-5 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; sepals yellow,
dorsal sepal 4.75 mm long, 3 mm mm wide, connate to the lateral
mm long, connate 2 mm, 4.5 mm wide together, petals red-
ah ny Ree
eee oh
ovate, subacute, carinate
sepals for I mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 4 a,
ge
i
deel i
ee see
Saba eeiisz iy
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 119
orange, minutely pubescent, ——— bilobed, the lobes narrowly triangular, acute, 1.25 mm long,
6.25 mm wide, the upper lobe erect, much larger than the lower ‘ei, 2-veined; lip red-purple, bilami-
nate, the laminae narrowly revo: mm long, with obtuse ends, microscopically pubescent, the connec-
tives broadly cuneate forming a broad, notched body, connate to the base of the column, the appendix
ay concave, ciliate, with the apex biglandular, column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma
G R 1800 m, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2098 (MO), flowered
in cultivation in as 14 ‘Apel 1985, C. Luer 10504 (Holotype: MO).
This floriferous little species bears a frequent succession of colorful flowers on
top of the blade of the leaf which is held more or less transversely. The erect pair of
large, red, pointed petals look like a pair of prominent. red ears. Lepanthes mephis-
topheles is most similar to L. urotepala, a larger, less floriferous species with a
complicated appendix of a completely different nature.
Lepanthes metaxy (Lepanthes biloba) Fig. 156.
Lepanthes mirador Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 157.
Ety.: Named for El Mirador where the ek was as collected.
Ravsiraniine A + Sl 4 ais cient owen Aratechia trileo els iore, sepalis
jatoes leviter acuminatis d denticulatis, , petalorum | i inaequalibus, lobo superiore anguste triangulari
to laminic Li, . as kal Pan be hk Pe
LJ ? ie y — s
Plant probably medium in size, ramicauls missing. Leaf coriaceous, elliptical, acute, lightly acu-
minate, the only leaf 5.7 cm long, 1.7 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2 mm long.
a dense, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme, 12 mm or more long, borne behind the leaf by a
filiform peduncle 20-23 mm long; floral bracts 1.5-2 mm long; pedicels 1-1.5 mm long; ovary 2mm
long; sepals yellow, denticulate, the dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, subacute, ses acuminate, 6 mm
long, 3 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the late: ok ite ovate, oblique,
acute, lightly acuminate, 5 mm long, 3 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1.5 mm: pelea dk brown, micro-
scopically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the upper lobe erect, narrowly
a acute, attenuate, the lower lobe much smaller, broadly triangular, obtuse; lip dark brown,
pubescent, oblong with the apices narrow. wly rounded, 2 mm 1 ong,
the con he connectives short, broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate to the base of the mane the sinus
ng, pubescent with a bilobed, apical segment; column mm long,
the anther dorsal, the stigma erin ig
Carchi: El Mirador, alt. 3300-3600 m, August 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del Hierro & F.
Sarmiento 4940 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 15280.
Although this species is known from only a leaf with a complete inflorescence
collected at a high altitude over 3000 meters above sea level in northernmost
Ecuador, the combination of morphological features distinguishes it from all other
species from Ecuador and Colombia. It is distinguished by a narrowly elliptical
leaf; a congested raceme borne behind the leaf; acute, shortly acuminate, denticulate
sepals with the laterals shortly connate; petals with a long-acuminate upper lobe and
a very short, transversely obtuse lower lobe; and a lip with oblong blades and an
appendix with a bilobed, apical segment.
i tungurahuae from a high altitude in central Ecuador has the most
of similar It is distinguished from L. mirador by the
sellin Cae deeply connate lateral sepals, and an entire appendix.
120 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes monitor, Luer. ke ce 354, 1983. Fig. 158.
Ety.: From the Latin monitor, “a reminde: pl i gi 1 featt reminiscent of
L. elata Rchb. f. and its relatives.
Plant medium in size t to > large, , epiphytic, cacspitose; roots slender. Recstcouls slender to =
erect, 6-28 cm long, encl by 9-14 minutely Leaf e pcgeaor Lge
ceous, oblong-ovate, acute. Bee 6a bee, 2-6 cm wide, the base cuneate or rounded, con-
tracted into a petiole 3-5 mm long. sponte de a conges sted, distichous, successively manflowere
ee bya
mm long; pedicel 1 seiaieni inant 7 tas kang: aapels pale yellow, glabrous, ov ovate, acute, the dors: a
i pe ee (5-7 mm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, connate to the lateral ae for 1.5-2 ipa the
bifid lamina 4- mm wide, the
connate 7 5-5 mm
— oF
tal white with 1 gins, i eich
tlabed, 1.25.3 mm lng, 3.5-4 mm wide PP r lobe ovate-obl uct mpacageemnipare
& he +. A 1. lip
orange, white or purple, bilaminate, dsr, mil pest 1 5-2 mm long, microscopically
pubescent, t the apices n narrowly rou I , cuneate, the body
i di vl triangular, pu nt, with a
th
“, oo, i me eee a 1.5 mm long, +h. anti. da ‘ee et
iz Ld ,
Napo: south of oie alt. 1900 m, 20 Feb. og C. Luer & A. Hirtz 6863 nag per
y1 84,
Hi $72 (MO); shale Winks, 2b, 1 ae 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirte & W. Flores 11227
: east pass east of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Flores, A. Andreetia & W. Teague 13362 (MO), eet Lane. alt. ei
m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. - Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11849 (MO); same area,
16 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 1043 (MO); at pass north of Gualaquiza, alt. a. 17 Feb.
1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11881 (MO); same same area, alt. 1600 m_ 17 May 1988, C. Luer, A
irtz, & W. Teague 13423 (MO); same area, alt. 1800 m, 30 Jan. 1986, S. Dal-
strim & T. Hoijer 1121 i Cutuct een Mendez and Morona, alt. 950 m, 17 Jan.
1989, , A. Hirtz et al. 13968 (MO), Cordillera del Condor, east of Chuchumbletza, alt.
1650 m, 21 May 1988, C - Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13540 (MO).
: epiphytic in cloud forest south of Yangana, alt. 1400 m, 3 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, D. D’ Aless-
andro & S. Dalstrém 7096 (Holotype: SEL); same area, alt. 2600 m, 27 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrém & T.
Héijer 1107 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: along Rio Zamora, alt. 1500 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A.
Embree 11958 (MO), new road betwee een Loja and Zamora, alt, 2250 m, 22 May 1988, C. Luer, A. age
& W. Teague 1360] (MO); Cordillera del Condor, east of Los
100m A Feb. 1987, onpye capa Hirtz 12630 (MO), same area, alt. 1550 m, 18 May 1988, C
Cordillera del Condor, east of 1986, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz etal. 11936 (MO). Reennny cere Ps
Also (Anti
joquia, Quindio), Peru, and Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz).
This species is the austral counterpart of L. elata Rchb.f. from Central America
and northern Colombia. The two concepts are similar in in appearance both vegeta-
tively and florally. The best differentiating feature is the appendix which h is pedun-
culate and narrowly hinged i in the sinus of the lip in L. elata, while in L. monitor, it
is broadly triangular and pubescent.
— monitor is frequent and widely distributed from Colombia into Boli-
pe one is variable vegetatively and florally, especially in the shape of the petals.
sar Ge e oblique apices of the upper lobes of typical L. monitor are easily
ya Vovuiv.
Lepanthes monoptera, Lindl
Ety.: From the Greek monopteron, peeing taca -. EO Mis, chesey
Pi iy Lower.
cee a ean mn a anne etn ne ann Smet
r 7
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 121
Syn.: Lepanthes roseola Rchb.f., Linnaea 41: 46, 1877.
= From the Latin roseolus, “rosy,” referring to the flowers.
Syn.: Lepanthes dolichopus Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 96, 1920.
Ety.: From the Greek dolichopous, “with long foot,” referring to the proportionately long ramicaul.
Plant small to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender to stout, erect, 6-30 cm
long, enclosed by 7-11 lightly colored, microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths with slightly
vith
tia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, often suffused with purple beneath, narrowly elliptical, acute, 4-13
cm long, 0.5-1.3 mm wide, the te into a petiole 2-3 mm long. Inflorescence a subcongested,
ssively s 1-9 cm long, b . | = © 3 «il . £1 Find
ca. 1 cm ey fice beacts 2 2-3 mm long, enclosing th dicel 1 mm | trialat jalate, 1.5-2 mm long;
flowers variable in color from green, yellow, rose, to purple e-brown; sepals denticulate, carinate, ovate,
acute, slightly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 4.75-7 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, srinieds'6 teoiean saat
for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 4. 15-1 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 1-1.5 mm, each —
petals minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1-1. 3 mm long, 3-4 mm oblong to
angular, obtuse, subequal; lip bilaminate, the laminae a to ovate, Jong-ciliate 2-3 mm long, the
$s rounded, the a narrowly’ obtuse , the conn
blades, the body broa ft 1 th , with a minute, ovate, pubes-
cent appendix; bab slender, clavate, 2-3 mm a the anther eee the stigma ventral.
Carchi: El Mirador, alt. 3600 m, 11 Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro, 4940, 5093
(MO); same area, alt. 3400 m, June 1991, A. Hirtz et al. 5563 (MO); below paramo above Maldonado,
alt. 3200 m, 22 Feb. 1992, S. Dalstrém 1530 (MO).
Sucumbjos: south of Santa Barbara, alt 2700 m, 5 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 9966
= aes _— alt. 2700 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz a oli se
rip owes north of Ibarra, alt. 3700-3800 m, 25 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen,
B. Lajinant Pll 1 6479 (AAU, S); Selva Alegre, alt. 2850 m, 6 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim
& T. Héijer on 9983 (MO).
incha: Andes of Quito, Guayrapata, Spruce 5954 Oye of L. roseola: W); Pululagua, alt. 3000
m, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2067, C. Luer illustr. 10505; west slope of Corazén, alt. 3500 m, July 1984, A.
1871 (MO); Mojanda, alt. 3300 m, A. Hire 1931 (MO).
gurahua: above Bajios, alt. 2700 m, 27 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & F. Freire
9771 (MO); Cordillera de los Llanganates, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11152,
11168 (MO).
Caiiar: between Taday and Pindilig, alt. 2800 m, 4 Apr. 1974, G. Harling & L. Andersson 13155
(GB).
y: near Cuenca, W. Jameson s.n. (Holotype: K); Laguna Llaviucu, WNW of Sayausi, alt. 3200
m, 14 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau 14733 (AAU, GB); NW of Sayausi to Cajas, alt. 3000 m,
15 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau 14831 (AAU, GB); Laguna Llaviucu, east of Las Cajas Park,
alt. 3100 m, 31 Jan. 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriksen & M. Fredrikson 2817 (GB); new road west est of “ath
gucho, alt. 3250 m, 16 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrom, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9524 (MO), Santa
gag ei pale 3000 m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2233
Lue x ond opin hese Cal ec nataie alt. 3180 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J.
1A. Hirt Hirtz & A Embree 11802, 11809 ).
nchipe: east of pass eas caer Lak ott 20 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. mes
W. Flores 10717 (MO); Nudo da Cajanuma, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. iare pte
Flores 10760 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & pee
po 10952 (MO); south of Jimbura, alt. 3050 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & A.
(MO)
Also Colombia (Norte de Santander, Cundinamarca, Quindio, Cauca: type of L. dolichopus)
This species was described and illustrated by Lindley from a single plant and a
Single flower. Although crude, enough details are included to leave no doubt oe
the identity. Jameson had collected the plant near Cuenca where it is known “*
a common today. It is common at high altitudes in much of Ecuador,
€ss Common in Colombia.
The leaves are narrowly elliptical, not much longer than the ramicaul ee
Plant is small, but in larger plants the ramicaul is noticeably much — co
leaves. The subcongested racemes reach about half the length of the tha
Sepals are denticulate, and the laterals are with only one vein. ee
are oblong but variously shaped, often overlapping above the the column. blades
Of the lip are elliptical or ovate and ciliate, and the appendix is short and pubescent.
122 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes morleyi Luer & Dalstrém, sp. nov. _ a
esas diocris, folii llip : rc Bean ngest ] gi ibus, floribus perpar-
are i tis obtusis glabris, petali bilobis lobo superi jore, labelli laminis angus-
re caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-13 cm we
uate ory Seba esse lepanthiform orm sheaths. Leaf e erect, thinly co
cal, acute, acuminate, 6-8 cm long, 1.5-2.8 cm wide, the base b
4 —_ long. Inflorescence a arse distichous, ac many-flowered raceme, ay to a mm
less
than | mm
Goecoeesds Suara; ut om br 1
green, glabrous, the dorsal plore tn 1m og 3 mm wide, 3-veined, cenmeto te
p > se, 1.6mm long, 0.9 wide, 1-veined,
0.5 tals red-orange Ii transversely bilobed, 0.8 mm long, 2.25
mn we, th up nb slogans ac ager hn te lower kb, the lower lobe narrowly
i lip red-orange, bilaminste, the blades ciliate, narrowly oblong, 0. 9 mm long, the apices
, the body very thick, connate to the base
ery ge the column, the Sinus obtuse, with a small, ae pubescent agenda: column 0.9 mm long, the
anther apical, the stigma subapical.
Carchi: plateau above Chical, alt. 1800 m, 11 Jan. im , Hirtz 5856 (MO).
Imbabura: epiphytic wet forest, Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 1,850 m, 27 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T.
Héijer & H. Wanntorp sogcoeeigaat MO); same area, oe 1,900 m, 22 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T.
Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1729 (MO
Vegetatively this species is similar bee many others with a congested raceme
an elliptic inate leaf. The flowers are very small with obtuse,
glabrous sepals. The petals are proportionately large with the oblong upper lobe
about as large as a lateral sepal. The blades of the lip are little more than the longi-
tudinally thickened margins of the connectives. The body is remarkably thick with
a small, ovoid, pubescent appendix.
fe enema tearm a Come. ‘sin anoneanss > tt 1836. Fig. 161.
Bty.: From the Latin mucronatus the tip of the leaves.
By om nthes and gl R aprender 1855.
2 ord,
r ek LT.
hb.f. aS 1: 147,18.
By Fe Ge nec, “green in the middle,” referring to the colors of the flower.
yn.: Lepanthes macroura Schitr., Repert. pec. Nov. arabe Beih. 8: 55, 1921.
a Frome Gears,“ to the mucronate tip of the leaf.
Plane
Ramicauls slender erect, 2-23 cm long,
<n A by 7-1 7-12 va og, microscopically ciliate-scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths with narrowly
thinly cori ovate to
ovale, acute, acuminate, Lg 37cm we ei ty oly nest
florescence a 10 mm
procera
pe eae gn In
], 3-20 — kaye | re
alt
yee al bract 1-2 mm long pedicel 2-4 mm longs ovary 1.5-. Sat. neu eee.
mee ae » for 5 meets » obtuse, 3-4 mm long, bay vat 4mm oe
these pea hsrt apes se often sh tly bi ag oadly ovate, 3 seat
ot its Semen ess d, with a slender, marginal process veetertaptel seg 1- 5 mm og. 25
lower triangular, purple or brow 3 acuminate, n
minutely eine, 15-225 mm long, bore ae ,tlaminate, blades thin, elliptical with rounded ends,
the base of the column. : y » the body narrow, connate to
—— the anther dora, he sages vena =
Ta lik a a a et a AN ta nl 1 et a
STEN ie Ren cgi OMe eet EA SEO NSH ES INO ef
bay eae oe
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 123
Sucumbjfos: south of Santa Barbara, alt. 2700 m, 5 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer
9971 (MO); same area, alt. 2700 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 1] 1097 (MO).
Carchi: above La Esperanza hetuwnen El Carmelo and Tulcan, alt. 3200-3450 m, 9 Apr. 1979, B.
L¢@jtnant, U. Molau & M, Madison 12046 (AAU, GB); between Tulcan and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 6
_ 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, & W. Flores 11085, 11120 (MO); between Tulcan and
alt. 2050 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9930, 9935 (M
Imbabura: paramo north of Ibarra, alt. 3700-3800 m, 25 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen,
B. Lejtnant & B. Ollgaard 6483 (AAU).
Pichincha: Valley of Lloa, trunks of trees, ne : ,000 ft., Col. Hall s.n. (Holotype: K); “Quito,”
1848, W. Jameson R-114 (K); Forest of Nanegal, | W. Jameson s.n. (K); Andes of Quito, alt. 11,000
66 a 7
oN at B); above
Tandapi, alt. 2300-2400 m, 12 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Oligaard 7110
(AAU); between Cotocollao and Nono, alt. 3200-3300 m, 29 Jan. 1974, G. Harling & L. Andersson
11660 (GB); between Calacali and La Iberia, alt. 2500 m, Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, C & P.
Dodson 11047 (MO).between Chiriboga and Santo Domingo, alt. 1650 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, A
Hirtz, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9856 (MO); above Tandapi, alt. 1500 m, 31 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
J. Luer & A. Ss LIO16A =
Napo: een Cuyuja and Papallacta, alt. 2800-2900 m, 5 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppe-
sen, B. Phi. & B. Oligaard 6878 (AAU); Rio Anatenario, east of Salcedo, alt. 2800 m, 27 May 1979,
j Molau AA i
B. Lojtnant, A. & U 13834 (AAU, GB); Cerro Mirador s
3300-3600 m, 29 Dec. 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen, J. Jaramillo & F. Coello 29945, 29952 (AAU);
Papallacta and Baeza, alt. 2600 m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J ; Flores 11283 (MO),
Guacamayo Range, alt. 1800 m, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2103 (MO); same area, alt. 1850 m, 13 Apr.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11250, 11257 (MO).
: Rio Zuiiag, alt. 2200 m, Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz 4845 (MO). :
Tungurahua: Cordillera del Llanganates, Leito, alt. 3000 m, 12 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz 1989 (MO);
Azuay: South of Cumbe between Cuenca and Loja, alt. 3300 m, 9 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U.
Molau 14405 (AAU, GB); Laguna Llaviucu, east of Las Cajas ~—- alt. 3100 m, 31 Jan. 1988, U. Molau,
B. Eriksen & M. Fredrikson 2818 (GB); Santa R 3000 m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2232
(MO).
Morona-Santiago: between Limén and Gualaceo, alt. 2900-3100 m, 12 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A -
& Uz Molau Be ae GB), same area, alt. 3180 m, 16 Feb. 1986, C.. Lue nt. th A. Hirtz,
Flores & A. Emb. of Yan
24 Feb. 1988, U. a Eriksen 3192 (GB).
Loja: west of pass between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2800 m, 17 June 1979, B. soos nk U.
Molau 15046 (AAU, GB); same area, at. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
10702 (MO); Parque Nacionél Podocarpus, at ‘‘Centro de Informaci6n,” alt. 2800-2950 m, 085, C.
1985, B. Dligaard et al. 58000 (AAU); Cajanuma Range south of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10752 (MO).
Zamora-Chinchipe: Nudo de Sabanilla, east of pass to Valladolid, alt 2800 m, 4 Sea =
Harling & L. Andersson 21538 (GB); Cerro ia bm ie Podocarpus, oni wd ethane
Oct. 1989, JE. Madsen 86286 (AAU, QCA); south ana, above Valladolid, — m, se
— C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10859, peti (MO): between Yangana Valladolid,
00 m, 24 Feb. 1990, JE. Madsen 86878 (AAU, QCA). oe .
Also Colombia (Santander, Boyaca, Antioquia, Chocé, Cundinamarca, Quindio, Cauca, Narifio,
Putumayo).
Lepanthes mucronata is one of the most frequent species of the genus ap
Andes. It is exceedingly variable vegetatively, no two populations being alike.
plants vary from small to relatively large, but always with very slender ramicauls
with the leaves more or less horizontal. The leaves are thin and they eg Pesce
ovate, short- to long-acuminate, to narrowly ovate, and to nearly linear. e
forms with ovate leaves were recognized by Reichenbach as L. andrenoglossa;
recognized tall forms with narrow leaves as L. mesochlora. The tips of the pane
are often prominently mucronate, but this feature occurs in varying degrees
Species of the genus. oa oi
The inflorescences lie upon the upper surface of the leaf, commonly within in
the central groove. Curiously, a raceme borne by a short peduncle le usually acco
Panies a second raceme with a twice longer peduncle. The racemes commonly bear
—————a a ae
f
i
j
nso monies _
cea aicaym sree = _ secs pape co ET meg e gnats tyr eae th rn fa ——
reese cae eR ESE REN RET ra RRC ER kD HOR A SADTIE emt Sh RARE AA al STAR Ne S AIR Ae Mt aiid bis MEE. en nme PAE Rg A | Cml TH A ae
essen stm
124 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
their single, brownish or greenish flower simultaneously. Double racemes are also
sometimes seen in related species. The flowers vary somewhat, especially in the
upper margin of the upper lobe of the petals, but the flower is always readily rec-
ognized. The upper margin varies from broadly obtuse to truncate, sometimes with
the corners narrowly pointed, and sometimes erose. A narrow process, or a third
lobe, projects laterally from the margin between the two lobes, iGicating its
Sun tek raise Seatac: The lip is distinct with the pair of thin,
fragile b g a proj y large, scaphoid appendix.
Lepanthes muscula Luer & ae sp ae 54: me Pgs Fig. 162.
Ety.: From the Latin musculus, “* appendix.
epiphytic, icauls erect, slender to stout,
5.22 cn lng, ecoed 10-1 a te, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly co coriaceous, elliptical-
ovate, acute, acuminate, 4- cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the base cuneate into the petiole 2- -3 mm long.
Inflorescence a
ee sy espn placa asalguee 1.5-2 mm long; pedicel 0.75- -1.5
mm long; ovary orange, glabrous or microscopically
a narrowly ovate, ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 5-7.5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm
pina lorarapctaiaryleahigraseage the lateral spas $7 mun long 15-225 mum wie connate
1-
mm; petals dark red or yellow-orange, celh mg, bilobed, 1-1.25 mm long,
15S )5un vik to tepe Ws bling eo gor tteeely narrowed, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller
=p pas nape » obtuse; lip dark red or purple, bilaminate, snniaseg ag va, iphedesngeme ends,
the body narro w, connate to
the b base of of the column, | the ty oper minute, Tovgricen orbicular with a pair of candle terminal
Stine Sa atc Tl 70, ee eS
Bonita, alt. 2600
gage sooo aidan 0). onita, m, Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del
in cloud forest above San Gabriel, alt. 3400 m, 8 Nov. 1982, C. Luer & R. Esco-
bar 8300 (Holotype: SEL} El Maredor alt 3600 hen
Sarmiento 4937 m, Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del Hierro & F.
Also Colombia (Cauca).
This species occurs at high altitudes in northernmost Ecuador and southern
Colombia. It is identified by the loose, elongated raceme; ovate, acuminate sepals;
transverse petals with the upper lobe reminiscent of that of L. monitor; and an
of lobules similar to that of L. hirtzii. The colors of the
flower pa parts vary greatly through i its distribution.
Bey - WN.
oe nanegalensis aahowapem sar asc scan 1877. Fig. 163.
ai) *
y d fi z. oc on. Sp N,
By: Pom he Lan bp, “with rhomboid petals Rep Vu Ba 7: 98, 1920.
yn.: Lepanthes macropoda Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. : f
Ety. From the Greek matropadion, “big foots,” releaae w deiee
crite, 10 on ng. es caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls
Leaf by 113 miacopaly l
ee ee oe ee
3
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 125
broadly were lip dark veie or purple, bilaminate, the blades oblong with sn 3 ends, 1.75-2.4 mm
long, minutely ciliate-pu pgs the commectines beams cuneate, Gebodr Woah cause
the column, the sinus obtuse, wv appendi g, pubescent, big] t:
stout, 1.5 mm long, the anther oe he stigma ventral.
Hichhacha: Nanegal, sie of Quito, Apr. 1864, W. Jameson s.n. (Holotype: W);
F ” W. Jameson s.n. (type of L. macropoda: destroyed at B); Papallacta, alt.
2700 m, May 1984, A. ire 1812 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 10461; between Papallacta and rape
m, 14 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11278, 11284, 11285 i of Cerro
Sumaco, alt. 2900-3050 m, 1-2 May 1979, B. L¢jtnant & U. Molau 13044 (AAU, GB); prese Ureu,
SW oe summit, alt. 3000 m, 28 Sept. 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen et al. 27478 (AA
Tungurahua: Cordillera de los Llanganates, Leito, alt. 3000 m, 12 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz 1990 (MO);
same area, alt. 3100 m, 11 1 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11141 weep
Morona-S It. 3000 m
1968, G. Harling, G. Storm & B. Strom 8059 (GB); = of Sigsig, road to to Chiguinda, oe peo =
Feb. 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriksen & M. Fredrikson 2965 (GB); between Lim6n and Gualaceo, alt. 2900-
3100 m, 12 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau 14683 (AAU, GB); between Limén and
east of pass, alt. 3350-3450 m, 10 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. Molau 14495 (AAU. GB); same area,
alt. 3180 m, 16 Feb. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11804 (MO).
ja: Parque Nacional P s near “Centro de Informacién,” alt. 2900 m, 21-22 Feb. 1985, B.
Pligaard et al. 57889 (AAU); Parque Nacional Podocarpus near ‘“Centro de Inf alt. 2900
Mar. , B. Eriksen 134 (AAU); 1 Apr. 1989, B. Eriksen 91167 (AAU); at the pass north of Loja, alt.
3150 m, 17 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9552 (MO).
Also olombia (Antioquia, Cauca: type of L. rhombipetala, and Nariiio).
This species is variable in its wide distribution through the Andes of Colombia
and Ecuador. It is characterized by the large habit; elliptical-ovate, acuminate
leaves; and a gradually lengthening, long-lasting, loosely flowered inflorescence.
The raceme begins flowering while still shorter than the leaf, but if unmolested it
attains a length up to 40 centimeters. The sepals vary, mostly in the depth of conna-
tion of the laterals. They are sometimes deeply connate into a triangular, shortly
bifid lamina, but sometimes they are connate only below the middle with free,
acuminate apices. The form with the deeply connate sepals was illustrated and
described by Schlechter as L. rhombipetala. Reichenbach’s sketch of L. nanegalen-
sis shows the sepals free to below the middle. However, variations of these differ-
ences occur throughout the distribution. The petals are small and “‘thomboid” with
the opposite lobes short and obtuse.
= ond 164.
Lepanthes narcissus Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. _ Sebo iis ee
c + Inminonbus labelli
Species haec L. inamoenae Luer affinis sed petalorum lot
aminis + aa | + a: : . 1 leahalls differ
Dp 4 te 7-11
Plant medium dium * + rous, slender. messenger
cm long, auiietiy Bantoeay iliat hif sheath, inlay ees csinde Ok
coriaceous, narrowly elliptical, acute, < Pang 13 wets bas cme to 5 cm long
0.5 cm long. Inflorescence — Seasap cae successively several-flowered t arg ae
including the filiform peduncle cm long, b the dorsal sepal ovate,
Sis te estar eee
= erga cerca ies oe
ofthe othe cola te : nin
PS an opie pees sinus; Sohne companies bl
126 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor, epiphytic in cloud forest east of Chuchumbletza, alt.
1650 m, 21 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13537 (MO), Cordillera
del Condor east st of Guismé, alt 1650 m, 20 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14013 (MO).
f Los Encuentros, alt.
1550 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13469 (Holotype: MO).
This species is closely related to L. inamoena, but L. narcissus is distinguished
by the larger upper lobes and the smaller lower lobes of the petals, smaller blades of
the lip with a much larger, triangular appendix located in the sinus of the lip. The
appendix of L. inamoena ists of only a few hairs located externally on the body
of the lip. The apex of the column protrudes beyond the lip in L. narcissus, whereas
the apices of the lobes of the lip protrude beyond the column in L. narcissus.
Superficially, the two species appear similar: slender, erect ramicauls with a weak,
loose inflorescence borne on the back side of a narrowly elliptical leaf. Both spe-
cies grow in the same forests.
necopina Luer & rit serge Zz mea 1987. Fig. 165.
Ety.: From the Latin necopinus, * in allusion to the most peculiar
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-5 cm long, enclosed
by 6-9 ciliate, lepanthifonm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate, subacute, 15-21 mm long, 11-14 mm
petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence e a congested, distichous,
inches up to8 mm long, b
mm oral bract 1 mm long, microscopically sparsely ell greece pedicel 2 mm long; ‘ovary 2 mm
to th lmral ope for 3 ovate, acute » low-carinate, the dorsal sepal 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate
tot p | Pp 1 oblique, 2.25 mm long, ae we connate 0.5
entt: 1 BESS a th. » ersely bi a
09 mm ong. 2.5 mm wide, the lobes oblong, obtuse, th tpar lenges thes tis tower, lip bilaminate,
red-orange, the laminae thick, o / pubescent, 1 mm pita the anterior
Margins quely f 1 g, stiff cilia rt , the e con-
ah 7 oad ee tea dy L i, Be en a eek ay 1. c the <cinne chee 13e witha
yrange wath a te inal gland; lum 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, flanked by stigmatic lobes
2 th , ther, t g, pubescent, channeled, with a tri-
ty
mand £.
of Yangana, alt. 2200 m, May 1985, A. Hirtz
ia Gage: MO), c rr oth ny recat Loja and Zamora, alt. 2250 m, 22 May 1988, C.
Goins A. Andreetia &
rye pape W. Teague 13611 (MO); same area, 4 Mar. 1990, S. Dalstrim
This species is related to the much larger Central American L
. mystax Luer &
sre Both have a row of long, stiff cilia along the anterior margin of the blades
i lip. _The underlying column is most remarkable in that the receptive surfaces
J and over the dorsal anther. The rostellum, upon
= the anther rests, is thick, oblong, channeled and pubescent with a terminal
Prag ipa similar to the appearance of many appendices of other spe-
a + appendix of L. necopina 's a minute structure, apparently vestigial, away
£ AVily.
nematostele Luer, Novon
Ety.: From the Greek nematostele, “a a —. os lg a po Fig. 166.
Siegen eee Leaf crect, Seg ni ge slam =
erect, coriaceous, *
orc, leone cenit ne, 8-10 mm wide, the base ee nes =
ae 1 ie
beg iS ag P
|
|
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 127
cm long; floral bract 1.5 mm long; pedicel 1. 5-2 mm (es ovary 3 5 mm — pot od ribbed; sepals
dark red, alon the
concave, nies ong mm long, 2.5 mm
teral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral Pp
— similar to the dorsal sepal, 6mm long, 4 4mm Jed, the apices free for |
transversely bilobed, long-pubescent on the back s urface, 1 mm long, 5 wide, the not
lobe short, semicircular, the lower lobe triangular, acute e, long acuminate; lip Featenec the laminae
glabrous, arcua below emcee column, 1.25 be long, the
apices everted, rounded, ciliate, the connectives and pees connate t x, the
/- oe Bhd
oF
— ole retrorse; column w eak, f y very long and very slender, 3.5 mm long,
epiphytic in wet, ies forest east of Maldonado, alt. 1900 m, 15 Feb. 1989, S. Dalstrim &
T. Héijer prt (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 14715; above Maldonado, alt. 1500-1700 m, 17 Mar.
1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K. F errell-Ingram 2170 (MO).
This remarkable species is characterized by the small vegetative habit with long-
ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths; a loose inflorescence longer than the leaves; concave,
crested sepals; petals with a long-acuminate lower lobe; and a long, threadlike
column bearing near the tip a tiny lip. The blades of the lip are solidly agglutinated
over the column. A prominent stigmatic process as large as the retrorse appendix
descends from between the blades.
Lepanthes _— sod sais nig! iced ~ ~~ ~~ Fig. 167.
Ety.: From o the sepals.
niveus, ““snow-w
Plant large, ese ba densely i coarse. Ramicauls erect, slender, 12-30
cm long, enclosed by 12-17 mi microscopically ciliate, giana eee sheaths. Leaf erect, apes coriaceous,
purple , oblong-ovate, 7-11 cm long, 2.5-3.5 cm wide, the apex acuminate, round-
ed, abruptly contracted into a petiole 3-4 mm a long. Inflorescence a successively render eam
subsecund raceme up to 3.5 cm long, bone by
floral bract 1.5 mm ee = 2 mm ay ovary 5 mm long; sepals snow-white, , microscopically
pubescent within, the dorsal sepal triangular, 13 mm long including the attenuate apex ca. 5 mm long,
7.25 mm wide, ptasite - the lateral pate for 3 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, ies ni mm long
including the tails, connate 5 mm, 9.5 mm wide together, with a pair of rounded base
below the central apparatus; petals white, edged in purple, cellular-glandular, transversely eiediindi bi-
lobed, 1.75 mm long, 2.75 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, oblique, obtuse, the lower lobe .
subfalcate; lip cream, bilaminate, the > blades lunate-oblong, es 2 mm long, the apices narrowly
the b e body broad, connate to the base of the
» the appendix t triangular, pubescent, with a minute, ssa decennial column flat, 1.5
mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
amora-Chinchip cod f ath of Yangana, alt. 2730 m, 12 May
1581, C. Luer, J. Luer & D. D’ Alessandro 6205 jen SEL); same locality, 23 Mar. 1985, — =
J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10905 (MO); Nudo de Sabanilla, east of pass, alt. 2800 m, 4 Feb. 1 a
Harling & L. Andersson 21582 (GB); between Yangana and Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 17 Feb. 1989,
Madsen 85779 (AAU, QCA); south slope of Nudo de Sabanilla, alt. 2600 m, 20 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrom
& T. Héijer 1078 (MO).
e,
settiidkc te useat wim cicocea tben cel
128 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lapentnes memmects Leet, ¢ blower at 1983. Fig. 168.
Ety.: From the Latin nontectus to the blades of the lip.
Plant small, epiphytic, sues eee to Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-6 cm long, enclosed by
5-6 mi Leaf erect, nea an pe ovate,
to obtuse, 12-30 mm long, | ide, the t p
long. Inflorescence a sss, succes ly few-fl d 5 1 t
neduacie 3-6 g i the leaf; floral bract and pedicel ach mm long: ovary 1.5 mm long
" . gh _™ 1 ligh » ovate, Yee eee hen 13.5 -5 mm long, 2mm
_— te to the lateral sepals f mm, the lateral sepals 3-4.75 mm long, 2-2.25 mm wide,
y oblong, 1 mm long, 2.5-3 mm
Sosa cicicbe cbte, abviwemm. eet cae ace: lip red, microscopi pubescent cent,
bilaminate, the blades subovate, incompletely developed, | 1 1.6 mm long, the acute, » apical third not cov-
ered by th f the blade , the bases
rounded, th narrow, connate to the base of the column, the
apes membranous, suborbicular, concave, nes column 1.25 mm long, the anther dorsal, the
Napo: epiphytic in wet forest near Rio Jatunyacu, alt. 600 m, 21 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 6887
pre ee ee ee ee alt. 400 m, collected by C. & A. Suarez 109,
Mar. 1984, C. Luer 9787 (MO); Cabaiias Allifiahui near Hatun-Sacha, alt. 450
pay ity shaggy A. "Hire &X. Hirtz 5338 (MO).
This species occurs in the lowland forests of eastern Ecuador, where it is sympa-
tric with, and closely related to L. helicocephala. Lepanthes nontecta is distin-
guished by the smaller habit with an ovate leaf; broadly ovate, obtuse sepals with
the laterals not in apposition; transverse, subtruncate petals; and a similar lip with
blades developed only on the lower two thirds, the exposed, acute, apical third
ex beyond the anther.
Lepanthes helicocephala is very constant in morphology throughout its wide
distributio tion in Amazonian lowlands, so this species with a similar lip but with
broadly btu
Tartine pea ee 37: 217, 1986. Fig. 169.
vhasagise i lender. Ramicaul slender, erect, 4-18
—_———-- Sigman eee aa lepanthiform sheaths with dilated,
ostia. Leaf erect to suberect, thinly ly coriaceous, purplish, ovate, acute, acuminate, 2-6
long, 0.7-2.2 cm wide, the base broadly cuneate, rounded, or subcordate, contracted into a petiole 1-1.5
an har - PR fom 1 ee 1.5 mm long aa
mm ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals light brownish yellow, ate, low-carinate,
the ‘dorsal sepal
broadly ovate, obtuse, 3-3.25 mm long, 2.3-3.25 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 1
Cider dinteiis dukie oe ee » ovate, oblique, subacute, 3 mm long, 1.3-1.75 mm
wide, the upper lobe ob meng tps sine y bilobed, 0.75-1.25 mm long, 3.75-4.25 mm
ie Sect to i 5 Pp truncate nes
pubescent, flat, ovate with acute; lip red Sie wise es tune ety
connate to the base of the the cbse en inoue, LZ-L.6 mong, he comecives shor, clon,
at the apex; column Imm long, expanded at the apex, the anther dorsal, the stigma subapical.
Carchi:
eh tapershasigcone ys et Le 11 Jan. 1993, A. Hirtz 5855 (MO).
April 1984, A. Hirte 1669 (Holotype: MO} San alt. 1650 m, flowered in cultivation in Quito,
1984, C. Luer, S. ; below alt. 1650 m, 31 Mar.
Dalstrim, T.H.
Mar. 1990 sla k cae Et Hire (40) Ses Tn 1400 m,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 129
This species was described from a small, cultivated plant beginning to flower
for the first time. Subsequent collections exhibit a larger habit with longer pedun-
cles with congested racemes. The leaf is indeed thin, purplish, more or less crinkly,
long-acuminate at the apex with the base rounded. The base of the leaf is occasion-
ally subcordate and abruptly contracted into the short petiole. The broadly ovate,
minutely denticulate sepals, and the petals with the tusk-like, long descending lower
lobes are characteristic. The blades of the lip are variable, sometimes covering the
column, and sometimes more or less surrounding the column. The connectives vary
from broad to narrow. The well-developed ovoid, pubescent appendix with a bilo-
bulate apex remains constant in the populations seen. The stigma varies from apical
to subapical.
Lepanthes odontocera Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 170.
Ety.: From the Greek odontoceras, “tooth-homed,” Sgt He to the tusklike blades of the lip.
denticulatis, petalorum lobis triangularibus lobo superiore ter majore, labelli laminis anguste ovatis
Plant small t di piphytic it Vt Ramicauls stout, erect, 3-9.5 cm long,
seca AD dye y ge fersiicaak rm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, more or less suffused with purple
ical, 2-5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, the apex subacute to obtuse, acuminate, the base broad-
“spree or —— contracted into a petiole 3-4 mm long. soe siagees Ack tes Sree
successively many-flowered raceme up to 15 mm long, bome behind the leaf by a slender 1
12 mm long; floral bract 1.5-2 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals yellow,
minutely denticulate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, gets ate, 6 mm long. 3 mm wide, connate
to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, approximate, acute, slightly
5.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 1 mm; petals yellow, val to sunt Seca seca 8
microscopically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, mm wi
lar, obtuse, the upper lobe thrice larger, with a small, obtuse, Be shits between the lobes; a
ellow, bi cally
wly ovate, acute,
a asthe ep gas aaneeony ese 4 ae assent heal, ro ee
narrow, connate to the b f the column, the sinus obtuse, a aasuss vatniok slender, appen-
dix, in contact with a stigmati - column stout 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Tungurahua: Llanganates Range, eta 3000, 1 Ot 1984, Hin 1984 (MOY, same ae
alt. 3000 m, 6 Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2129 (MO); same area, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr. 1985, C. ane .
Hirtz & W. Flores 11173 (Holotype: MO); same data, C. Luer et al. 11151, 11154, 11164, 11172 (MO
is species is apparently endemic in forests of the eastern declivity of central
Ecuador at altitudes over 3000 meters above sea level. Vegetatively it is variable in
size, and is similar to many other species with the acuminate leaves cee
shorter, congested raceme of colorful flowers. The sepals are acute and minutely
denticulate and the petals are bilobed with opposite, tian triangular lobes. Most nahin
guishing are the pair of tusklike blades of the lip. The tip of the small, slen
appendix is associated with a stigmatic process,
Lepanthes ollaris Luer & Escobar, Amer. Orchid Soc. pas 920, 1984. ae
Ety.: From the Latin ollaris, “pertaining to a pot,” referring to
Plant medium to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. rainy me on 1
long, enclosed by 10-14 shortly ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, into a petiole 3-4 mm long. In-
acuminate, 8-10 cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, the base rounded, contracted borne behind the leaf
florescence a successiv several-flowered raceme up to 25 meu Ione ovary 2.5 mm
by a filiform peduncle 10-25 mm long; * floral bract 1-1.5 mm long; pedicel Sete anion, Som vil
long; sepals greenish white, glabrous, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate,
130 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
_— 1 heap eeenlbsae mae pata a — in meant trea
de, 7 - - -
135 cua teak: 5 toca wide, 0 inate, marg al lobule b the lob vies epg iobe chlong,
truncate. the | lob ly falcate-t lar, acute; lip red, bilaminate, ‘the ll
a i a ch oth over the column, “mn fong,tecomectives
oe ty nly ite ce, 1,5 mm wide, witha mint, abet apd on he
Carchi: forested ridge above Maldonado, alt. 1700 m, 17 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K.
Ingram-F errell 2182 (MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia, type; and Valle del Cauca).
This species if found locally in the Western Cordillera of Colombia and north-
ernmost Ecuador. It is distinguished by the rather large, thin, elliptical, acuminate
leaves borne by tall ramicauls. The flowers are borne in a congested raceme near
the center of the back of the leaf. The flowers are large and basically similar to
those of L. agglutinata with translucent sepals, and green petals with a dark purple
margin, and an erapuaaied process from the margin between the lobes. The lower
lobes of th longate and subfalcate to either side of the lip. The lip is
most distinctive with the body dilated into a large, saccate structure beneath the
column.
es onhing!l, Luer, Phytologia 54: oe 1983. Fig. 172.
Bty.: E From the Greek ive ai se snake tongue,” ” in allusion to the bilabiate flower ies the
<
I & Hirtz, Sestas'3: 447, 1993,
an Reaxcataoe “a woodland grace,” referring to the beauty of the flowers.
Plant small, epiphytic, ytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-4.5 cm long, enclosed
Leaf e obtuse,
by 4-6 ciliate-s , lepanthiform sheaths coriaceous,
ith cm long, 0.6-1 cm wide, the base cuneate into a 1-3 mm long Petiole. Inflorescence a nm,
nie 9 finuw, Lt. 4 4.: 1 1 y; fl 9 a
stan oe : br 15-2 an long: pedicel 1. lees pi long;
dorsal s
subacute to obtuse, siehdy econame 29 in ith he ade 8 mm ng, men iso
3-4 mm long, the lateral sepals connate 5-6 mm into a
more or less flat lamina 10-15 mm lon incl tails th - =
Sp haope g ane s, e blades 7-8 mm long, aa aeapiioen
aeamwenly ldiched, | som Ione. 3.5-4.5 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, obtuse to
rounded, the lower lobe smaller, oblong, obtuse, slightly incurved; lip red-brown, bilaminate,
narrowly lip
the laminae ovate, 2.25 mm long, oo channeled, the apices narrowly obtuse, the
a hadu ee, a a ee
appendix strap-
ke, fda pad on sl, with a pubescent apical segment: column 1 mm long, the anther dorsal,
ime cloud forest above Maldonado, alt. ca. 2000 m, 25 Aug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer
ptogeyricagy olotype: SEL); epiphytic in cloud forest east of Maldonado, alt. 2300 m, 17 Mar.
Luer, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro 15152 (type of L. drymocharis: MO).
This species, apparently endemic in northwesternmost Ecuador, is related to L.
phe ae which it is sympatric, and L. schizix from farther south. Lepanthes
phiog a eneed ty he loose, flexuous raceme longer than the small,
elliptical and a proportionately large flower with a broad, minimally concave
ieee ee me meeacty ciliate, and the
ynse a pair of shorter, adjacent tails. The blades of the
lip differ from those of the two related species in the broad, deflexed sides. The
appendix is acutely inflexed. The differences noted between L. drymocharis and L.
ophiocephala are no longer considered specific,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 131
Lepanthes orchestris Luer & Vasquez, Phytologia 54: 358, 1983. Fig. 173.
.: From the Greek orchestris, “‘a dancer,” in allusion to the dainty, tailed flowers.
ant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-4 cm long, enclosed by
5-7 thin, pale, ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths with dilated ostia. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suffused with
purple beneath, ac * subacute, 2-3 cm we 1. va es in cm wide, the rounded base contracted into ‘a pe-
tiole 1-2 mm long.
—— ae on top of the leaf by a fili fo 1 1 | bligue, 1 mm long:
5 mm long; ovary | mm long; sepals dul rose, ovate, acute, acuminate, carinate, denticulate,
the tant sepal 4.25 mm long, 2 mm wide, t I
oblique, 4.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 1 mm, eae 5 the taillike apices : diverging: petals
_, with yellow transversely bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the
upper lobe oblong, subtruncate, the lower lobe smaller, triangular, obtuse; lip purple, bilaminate, the
laminae microscopically ciliate-pubescent, oblong-sublunate, with the ends obtuse, 1.6 mm long, the
connectives short, thick, from the middle of the lamina, connate to the base of the column, the sinus
broad neti appendix small, oblong, ciliate; column | mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
loud forest, G it. 1950 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Bie, & W. yoni. 11248 (MO); same area, 18 Nov. so A. Hirtz 2099 (MO); east slopes of Volcan
oe alt. 1850 m, 11 oe 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11778 (MO).
olivia (La Paz
This species occurs locally in the wet forests on the eastern slopes of the Andes
of northern Ecuador, where it has been discovered several times in recent years. It
was originally described from Bolivia. Vegetatively it is recognized by the thin,
pale, lepanthiform sheaths with dilated ostia. The flower sits more or less erect with
the long-acuminate apices of the minutely toothed lateral sepals spreading upon the
dorsum of the ovate leaf.
hapanities orion 1 Luer & Escobar, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 54: 316, 1985. Fig. 174.
ty.: Named fo g
nt large, epiphytic, a roots slender. erp slender to stout, erect, 10-38 cm long,
caclsed by I -18 pale tan, glabrous, lepanthiform sh erect, thinly coriaceous,
d beneath, ovate, acute, a 6-13 cm long, 2. 5-4 3 scihawe the base sete aie
sais a petiole 2-3 1 Infl ce very congested, distichous, successively many-
ae dg ei nec chanel tsk fuel tw A EEE 18-40 mm long; Saal beact 15
i the dorsal
mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long: ovary 4 mm Jong; sepals yellow, glabrous, ovate, acute,
triangular-ovate, 6 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, connate to the 235mm = 15 mm, oe lateral sepals
obli 5. 5 long, pride mm wi
pele obtuse, sho ortly acuminate, diverging, mm long mrely bilobed, 1.75 mam sg
mm wide, the upper lobe oblong with the apex rounded, the lower ose abled ilar but smaller, a aa
red-purple margins, bilaminate, blades glabrous, ovate, 1.5 mm long, with a longitudinal gc
apices very short, obtuse, the bases rounded, the connectives short, thick, cuneate, from the apical :
of the blades, bigs body thick connate to th lh; the base, th E ane
thin, flabe i F :
ye SD a the
ae:
en abe nro
of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May 1988,
a.Santia.
C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. 7 Teague 13354 (MO).
Also Colombia (Santander: type).
: ge species is known from two distant localities, one in the uador. Se
dillera of Colombia, the other on the eastern slopes of the central Ec ‘
cetyl, gen see of ene fe
minat I eme bome along 4
€ leaf bres a sep congested 1 ss the lip. The thick, pro-
sheen bods Welch Far dearer appendix in contact with the vemesl Sig.
132 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes ortegae Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 175.
Ety AT. a: ft ras] . 2 Overt: ga f Quit , Ecuador, di of this species.
Species haec L yl z >. = ,. eed ; eT a - 7am ye bod Llipti . as, ; p a gri :
p pe 1 2 o .P 1 lnk r . re * 1 ee ae aA te oblongo acuto,
. - ~ .
Plant small, weak, the ae roots slender. _Ramicauls very slender, erect, 6-7.5 cm
long, enclos osed by 9-10 close. y with long-acuminate
apices. tt ct ffused with : purple, reticulate-veined, elliptical, 3-4
cm long, 135 cn wide, the apex sone th bess caneate into potcle ca. 2 mm long. ae
of successive, long-ped 1 me by
I A a eT floral bracts Tm longa posses 3 ma
pies de ng; entire, glabrous acute , 5.5 mm long,
3 mm wide OES ee eee wf 1 mm, the lat wate, oblique, lightly ninate,
acute, 5 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm "petal ight low, finely pubescent, , transversely | bi-
lobed, 1 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, vide, with a narrow process 1
Lil £
1 y oblong, acu acute; lip dark bro wn, bilaminate,
the blades thin, glabrous, iicks comes above the column, 2mm long, the pciatres ta, broadly
cuneate, the body connate to the base of the column, the sinus obtuse, the appendix oblon g, protuberant,
liate-pub . trally, the ap : y glandular, 0.5 mm long, ae chain 33
mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
long th dM alt. <1000 m, 19 Jan.
1989.4 A Hirt Hirtz, A. Andreetia & S. Sogn A137 (okooree MO) C. Luer illustr. 17908.
This species is apparently endemic in low-land eastern Ecuador where it is
known only from the original collection by Hirtz and companions. It is most close-
ly related to L. cotyledon. Lepanthes ortegae is distinguished by the small habit
with very slender, weak ramicauls that bear a thin, purple, reticulated leaf. The
long-pedicellate raceme is very congested, borne near the middle of the back of the
leaf. The sepals are smooth and acute; the upper lobe of the petals is truncate while
the lower lobe is much longer, narrow and acute; the blades of the lip are thin and
convex above the column; and the appendix is protuberant with a central cavity and
apical glands.
Lepanthes otara Luer, Sy a 359, 1983. Fig. 176.
Ety.: From the Greek otaros, large ears,” in reference to the lobes of the lip. +
Plant Ti ¢,
pit ts slender. R 1 t, slender. 1.5-8
cm long, enclosed by 4-8 PA gE a ie a ‘obl -ellipti-
oe wpeaganneses ee er
Sou bescent; pedi el 1 mm long; o 1.5 mm long, irregularly car-
copra ier a ey vr aane dorsal sepal conca’ coma, 7 xan amg,
desticslal. connis oe ene ee en ioe Lace dapale cali,
tals bri , cellular pubes-
ce arc i, Sti St with a short, acute angle on the outer
how alt, s- spunae Bis akira or arRaN Nae
liga bara Ses del th tnt 1.3 mm long, 1 mm broad, clasping the
the appendix short, conical, pubescent calumam Lorn lone. th ia 2 ie a eae
r ia
touncle Ca
FE posh aye ips Cloud forest east of Yangana, alt. 2850 m, 4 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, D. D’ Alessandro
W. Flores 10782 (MO SEL}; same area, al 3100 m, 23 Mar 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &
WS Oth: Cine hoceae m, 22 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
23700 oledo SE of Yangana, alt. 3000-3200 m, 6 Apr. 1985, G. Harling & L. Andersson
FD amoara_(hinck i. >a
if alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C.
Luer, J. Lue, A. Hirt & W. Flores 10697 (MO); same ara, It Ape ae wwe boom
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 133
This species is apparently endemic in cold, cloud forests of southern Ecuador. It
is identified by the narrowly elliptical leaves usually equaled or surpassed by a
loose raceme of flowers with shortly caudate sepals. The petals are
an acute angle on the outer margin; the blades of the lip are broadly elliptical,
resembling a pair of large ears as they embrace the column.
Lepanthes oxypetala Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 39: 57, 1988. Fig. 177.
Ety.: From the Greek oxypetala, “with long-pointed petals,” referring to the shape of the petals.
medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender to stout, erect, 4-13
cm haan enclosed by 5-11 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-
oblong, 3-5 cm long, 1.2-2.2 cm wide, the apex obtuse, shortly acuminate, the base broadly cuneate,
oineagea to a petiole 4-8 mm long. Inflorescence racemose, 1-4 loose, flexuous, flexible, successive-
ly many-flowered racemes up to 10 cm long including the pes gnc 1-2 cm long; floral bract 1.5-
2 mm long; pedicel 1-1 - mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals red-purple, glabrous, oblong-ovate,
subacute to obtuse, shortly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 5-7 mm long To OaTS mm wide, 3-veined, con-
nate to the lateral sepals for 1-2 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, gy long ng, connate 3-4 mm acs a
broadly ovate, bifid lamina, 4, St mm wide; petals orange-brown, minutel ransversely
lobed, i he column, 0.75-1 mm long, 5 mm wide, A sescismtice iia
acute, long-acuminate, the lower lobe smaller; lip orange- -brown, minutely pubescent, bilaminate, the
blades elliptical or ovate, convex, 1. 75 mm long, | the pone ei sarrowly 0 obtuse, the bases rounded, the
body broad, connate to the column
above the middle, the ne thick, mene Wags ; P he 2
long, slender, the anther
Carchi: between Tulcan and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 6 April 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
Flores 11113 (Holotype: MO); same data, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11119 (MO).
Also Colombia (Narifio).
Lepanthes oxypetala grows intermixed with L. biloba in northernmost Ecuador.
In habit it is indistinguishable from the variable L. biloba. The flowers are also
Similar, the long-acuminate upper lobes of the petals resembling those of the forms
that were segregated into L. metaxy. The petals of L. oxypetala, however, originate
from the shaft of an elongated column above the base. The convex, pubescent
blades of the lip are also similar to those of L. biloba, but the connectives support
the bases of the blades, and the body originates from above the middle of the
column.
178.
Lepanthes pan Dalstré . NOV. Sie
Ety.: Na d f, ae en 1 rom, Sp s. &° fol tyrs } of the long-ciliate sheaths
of th. df L wast 1 A tal
a as gi. i ai cm ee nei es
x sivas E f Inbo enicalk interiore, lobo
petalis transverse | bati » lob periore m opi EC Ee ee ee ee aie tia
lohan tne: eS at sacs ay gle tal ec is a elie Ki oe E
8-10 cm long,
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. na eI ORE spr!
pega ty 10-15 ano lepanthiform sheaths, with long-<ciliate, markedly dilated as
oriaceous, orbi
Jong, 2.7.3 cm wide, the base rounded contracted into a petiole 3-4 mm
distichous, successively many-flowered raceme, up to 1 cm long,
peduncle 18-: -20 mm long; floral bracts sparsely long-ciliate, oblique, rage long; —
mm long; ovary 4-4.5 mm long; sepals peach colored, ovate, subacute, entire, dorsal sepal 4
long, 3 mm wide, the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral
pr 2mm wide, a Leanna ia "aens truncate, with a lobule at the inner,
oblong, obliquely truncate,
La
134 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
apical comer, the lower lobe oblong, narrow narrowly obtuse, long-pubescent on the outer half; lip red,
semicircular, | -5 mm long, 2.75 mm ft aiat the rounded apex atu
lo 2 lobes that clasp the > column, cone with a
igre’ 4 ete. al pi
Ot ue he col: oun 1m ng, wi stad se
edros Reserve, wet forest near Rio Los Cedros, alt. 1 genre 24 Mar. 1996, S.
Dalstrim, pp eet Ingram-Ferrell 2200 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 17914
This species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is distinguished
by the long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths with markedly dilated, long-ciliate ostia.
The leaves are suborbicular with shortly acuminate apices. The congested racemes
are borne by peduncles shorter peduncles. The sepals are subacute with the laterals
pubescent. The upper lobes of the petals overlap with a lobule on the inner margin
of the apex similar to that seen in L. tachirensis. The oblong lower lobe is long-
pubescent. The lip is hemispherical with the rounded sides with thickened margins
embracing the column. The apex is shallowly cleft with the apiculate apices in
apposition. In the narrow space between the apices a small triangular lobe, the
appendix, is present.
— papallactae | Luer & Hirtz, i it Ua 102, 1987. | Fig. 179.
Bes WE
Dienst i
, epiphytic, caespit lender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 4-16 cm
long, enclosed ye 6-12 dark eee ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths with dilated — Leaf erect, coria-
ceous, to subacute, shortly acuminate, 3.5-6.5 cm long, 1.2-2.8 cm wide, the base rounded,
sng into a caus 2-81 mm long. Inflorescence a loose, flexible, lightly panes successively
peduncle ca. 3 cm long; floral bracts
oblique, 15-25 mm lng: pedicels 1S mm lng vary cost, 1.5 mm long; sepals dull red-brown with
lly, shortly psa within, the dorsal sepal
tang, cunts eat 65 mm ong, 9-4 wide, oma peas aactag ie ehearaai
lateral ol re » oblique tly mm long,
connate mm pi petals purple-brown, shortly on ne ey transversely ery 0.75
mm long, 4.5 mm wide, , the lobes sa ee ete ceo acute, long-acuminate e apices; >
ly elliptical
otions 2. Grea omg. sts: minute, ‘i te np ary
a che glandular
sn th rl sg ge errr
Napo hyti fi ll t. 2700 m, May 1984, A. Hirtz 1810 (Holotype:
WLC Lente 10463; same localii hui quer de 29 Oct. 1
‘ 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4431
(SEL); same locality, alt. 2700 m, March 1984, A. Hirtz 1693 (MO).
BB = this species resembles L. biloba which is widely distributed and rela-
8 wile : ent in northern Ecuador on both sides of the Andes. Lepanthes papal-
“78 phair ae in One valley on the eastern slope of central Ecuador.
res guished by purplish, pubescent sepals denticulate and edged in yellow.
tips of the tra acuminate, and the bilaminate lip, connate
high on the column, is essentially glabrous with a minute, biglandular appendix.
Papyrophylla Rchb.f., ema rae L 151, 1856. Fig. 180.
Ety.: From the Greek papyrophyllon, “a leaf,” referring to the thinly coriaceous leaf.
Plant medium to REE
long enclosed to coarse. Ramicauls slender, 8-17
‘daa aonte to sabe a ciliate, Lepanthiform sheaths with dilated osta. <porrpangie
subacute, acuminate, 5-7.5 cm long, 2-2.7
ed insu gutted 35; ? cm wide, the base rounded, contract-
3mm long. a congested, distichous, successively many-flowered
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 135
raceme, up to 10 mm long, b the leaf by a filif duncle 20-25 mm long; floral bracts 1.5
mm long; pedicels 1mm long; ovary 1. ec mm long; sepals light 8 6c green, carinate, dorsal sepal
tae acute, acuminate, 5.5-6.5 m g, 2.5-3 mm wide, 3-veined,
connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, ‘the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, acuminate, 6-6.5 mm
long, 2 mm -veined, connate 2 mm; petals red or orange with red margins, mi
pubescent, fences bilobed, 1 mm long, +o ee wis the | opposite, narrowly triangular,
acuminate, the upper lobe longer, lip red argins, bilaminate, th
cally pubescent, oblong, with the ends rounded, 1 Sn mm a the connectives cuneate, the body broad,
he colum ith an ovoid, pubescent appendix; column 1.5 mm
long, with the anther dorsal and fe stigma ventral.
Pichincha: “Andes of Quito,” W. Jameson s.n. (Holotype: W).
Napo: epiphytic in forest between Tena and Baeza, alt. 2150 m, 28 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim,
T. Héijer & J. Kuije 9802 (MO ).
Zamora-C t south of tl th of Yangana, alt. 2450 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C.
Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9585 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 24 Mar. 1985, A.
Hirtz, C. Luer & J. Luer 2374 (MO).
This species occurs on the eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. It is distin-
guished by a congested raceme borne behind an elliptical, acuminate leaf. The
sepals are acuminate, but most distinctive are the two narrowly triangular and
acuminate lobes of the peo The blades of the lip are oblong and the appendix is
thick and long-pubescen
Lepanthes ene ne is similar to L. urotepala, but the latter differs with
obtuse lateral sepals and upper lobes of the petals much longer and more attenuated.
noeetes doxa Luer, Phytologia 54: 361, ae Fig. 181.
Ety.: From the Latin paradoxus, * ‘contrary to expectation,” re: rring to the inflorescence, huge for
the size of the plant.
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-8 mm long, en-
closed by 2-3 microscopically scabrous sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, obtuse, 6-11 creche
4-6 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a loose, flexuous raceme up to
cm long including the peduncle ca. 1.5 cm long, with up to 10 flowers, several (3-4) open simultaneous-
jeder otoiplawen pte minutely pubescent; cent; pedicel 1.5 5 mm long; ovary winged, 1 mm long; sepals
light red-brown, ovate, carinate, ovate, acute, acuminate into slender tails ca. 25 mm long, microscop!-
= ee aa the dorsal sepal 7 mm long including the tail, 3.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral
for 1 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, 7.75 mm = including the tails,
mm wide together; petals red-brown, transversely oblong, bilobed, iy i .
lobes subequal, oblong-ovate, with adel apices; lip oiiaee or y' croscopl
bilaminate, the blades poorly dev developed, narrowly oblong, obtuse, 2 mm the medial margins
sel
y angl
narrow, connate to the column below the middle, the appendix small, eee linear, columa a rane
long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
Napo: e: siplay tic ia oud Sovtet near Cosanga, alt. 1850 m, 17 June oc C.H. peresae
D. Benzing & A. Hirtz 14033A (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 9088; same
A. Hirtz 1765 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 11506; south of Baeza, alt. 1800 m, |
A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11270 (MO).
P. Dodson,
May 1984,
vies. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer,
This little species is apparently endemic in the wet forests of ogee Se
altitudes of central, eastern Ecuador. It is identified by the minute habit with flexu-
Ous racemes far surpassing the leaves. The sepals are ovate and shortly sane
the blades of the lip are developed only below the middle, similar to those
nontecta.
136 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ea dca caer.” nts 219, 1986. Fig.
eionraqeatican el sere — g to money,” refe es tes eeandabbece oh ten with
coppery leaves
ts slend auls slender, oe 5-13 cm
lng cael 7-10 ek bro, iting, inayat Faken tos ths. Leaf erect to
coriaceous, often m coppery in color, toed ovate » suborbicular, obtuse, 20-35 mm
long, 15-30 mm wide, th 3mm long. Inflorescence a very
distichous, long up to 10 mm long, bome beneath
en cada, successively flowered raceme
the leaf by a filiform peduncle 10-15 mm long; floral bract 1.5 mm long, scabrous; pedicel 3-4,5 mm
is apecadocaprcepoken yale ape glabrous, ovate, obtuse, the dorsal sepal 3 mm long, 2 mm
ra tine ae cath the lateral sepals 2.75 mm long, connate 1.75 mm, 2.75
d, pubescen acute, 1.5
t, transversely
mm wide, 4.4 mm wide, he lobes narro he upper larg the ] lip red, bilami-
y tt » obtuse, 1 mm long, ciliate, th i i}
the b PP Il oblong, pubescent; column clavate,
ppc en psd se raya
Carchi: along Rio de la Plata near Lita, alt. 512 m, 19 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12426
(MO); between Chical and Maldonado, alt. 1300 m, 15 Feb. 1989, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 1230 (MO);
off road to Lita, north of Rio Mira, between Guallupe and Parambas, alt. 900 m, 16 Feb. 1996, A. Hirtz
X. Hirtz 6293 (MO).
Eameraldas: west of Lite, alt. 750m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12422 (MO).
Cedros Reseve, wet forest, alt. 1400 m, 23 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & H.
Wanntorp 1737 (MO).
Pichincha: Palmitopamba NW of Nanegal, alt. ca. 1300 m, 23 Jan. 1974, G. Harling & L.A
son 11559 pee between Nanegal and Nanigalito, alt. 1200-1550 m, 24 Jan. 1974, G. Harling & L.
Andersson I] Pataca ee Calacali and Nanegalito, alt. 1800 m, 3 Mar. 1992, S. Dalstrém et al.
4
] trees above Tandapi, alt. 1500 m, 31 March 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & X. ines 11016 Gedanpre MO); farm road south of Tandapi, alt 1600 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer,
C A. Hirtz & A. Embree 12060 (MO); epiphytic along a stream below Tandapi, alt. 1180 m, 31
Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. "pir ann eaiohaage apeebaage tr 1000 m, Feb. 1987, A. Hirtz 3189
Mo) g Domingo, alt. 1300 m, 28 May 1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13717
Nielsen, S. practi Dares. Ptsard 3114 (MA (AA
pide einen Salinas and
Hirtz et al. 14977, 15010 (MO), between eraaeeae
May 1992, F L Stevenson 91-1212-6 (MO).
ga, alt. 1200-1300 m, 7 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-
U);
socetsicheringheent 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
alt. 900 m, flowered in Chamblee,
This species, previously identified as L. rotundifolia L.O.Williams, is frequent
- abundant i a” forests and cultivated groves of citrus and guava on the western
pes of northcentral E Ititudes up to 1500 meters above sea
level. It commonly grows on low, mossy twigs.
Pa casrw pecunialis is distinguished from the Panamanian L. rotundifolia by
rei habit, and thicker, larger, copper-colored leaves more ovate and obtuse
y perfectly round. The small but colorful flowers are borne in congested,
successively flowered racemes behind the leaf.
Lepanthes pelyx Luer wer & Hirt, sp. nov
183.
Fty.: From the Greek pelyx, “a basin,” referring to the broadly concave body of the lip. ie
Pret. scesntapeti cotyledonis Luer affinis, Sed pedicelis brevioribus, petalorum lobo —
concavo distinguitur.
Plant medium in \
con long, enclosed by 9 1315 ee aes Caespiose, rots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-15
coriaceous, suffused with purple, lightly reticalaed, ovate, acute, lone wcenanae 3.75 cn lone, 2.5 cm
eS ae ee al
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 137
wide, the rounded base contracted into a —— 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, successively
several to many-flowered raceme, up to 10 long, le 1.5-3
cm long; floral bracts se ee Tong, minutely ciliate; pedicels 2.53 mi ng ovary 1 5 mm long; sepals
light brown, with minutely y obtuse, apiculate, 4 5 mm long, 4
mm wide 3-veined, std to the lateral <— for Ln mm, the lat ' ete
ovate, bifid lamina, 4.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wi ith i tals trilobed, green
microscopically pubescent, transversel bilobed, 1mm "le 4mm wide, the u r lobe subquadrate,
subtruncate, the lower lobe ts r, triangular, acute, the middle lobe uncinate, 1 mm long; lip rose,
suffused | with purple, suffuse a wi th rose, bilaminate, the laminae thin, membranous, minutely ciliate,
a it tat Al, sa ote 1, * 441,
+
& y aM tL BAAD!
column, th
mm ap the body broadly with
obscurely 3-lobed, pubescent appendix; column terete, 1.5mm cf the anther dorsal, the stigma ven-
tral.
Tess hele Cacharn
, alt.
m, 19 Jan. 1987, c. png Leer. A, A. Hirtz, c hg Benzing & D. peace 2431 (Holotype:
MO); same area, alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15168, ie een
Cachaco and Santa Rosa, alt. 1200-1500 m, 30 Dec. 1990, C. H. Dodson & T. Neudecker 18639 (MO).
This species is apparently endemic on the western slopes of the Andes of north-
ern Ecuador. It is closely related to L. cotyledon from the eastern declivities. The
two species are similar with thin, purplish, broad, eon Peper he leaves, but the
ostia of the lepanthiform sheaths of L. cotyledon are much more dilated. Lepanthes
pelyx is further distinguished by shorter pedicels, subquadrate instead of hatchet-
shaped upper lobes of the petals, minutely ciliate blades of the lip with acute, in-
curved apices, and a broad, shallowly concave body. The body of L. cotyledon is
similar, but the edges of the deeper cavity are well-defined.
Lepanthes pentoxys Luer, Phytologia 54: 362, 1983. Fig. 184.
Ety.: From the Greek pentoxys, “five-pointed,” referring to the 5-lobed petals.
Plant medium to large in size, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-22
cm long, parma by 10-18 minty aro lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect to suberect,
coriaceous, purple beneath, ov: e, 7- 13 cm m long, 2.5-5.5 cm wide, the apex long-acuminate,
ously tridenticulate, the b into a petiole 2-5 mm long. Inflorescence an
extremely congested, secund, eee successively yuetoe wered raceme up to 1.5 cm long,
Sm ying pt the leaf; floral brac 1.5 mm long;
- es 2.8
wide, the apices obtuse, close ene apie e eo ubobicls,oy bed, 0 mong,
mm wide, with a slender appendage 1 a ara be ee ane
lar, ino RE pane SS lip bright rose, bilaminate, the
» HaIOW LY Acuic
laminae lunate, 2 mm long, eae vi at may oe column, the connectives shor, boa
cuneate, toe basa tase accion to ee ems aol oh the column, the appendix pubescent,
oblong, with a minute, apical lobule; column 2 mm long, the anther ther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
&,
Carchi: Mariano Acosta above El Carmelo, alt. 2400 m, collected by A. :
31 July 1994, J. Hermans 2702 (MO). Luer & A.
_—— 994, J-E 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer &
Pichincha: ytic in cloud forest above Mindo, alt, 2000 m, m, 11 Nov. “2 1982, C, Laer, A.
> epiph:
ite 4? : i ae a
30 (Holotype: SEL); between Minto end Pree ee "A. Hirt 1815 (MO).
“Tess cca iyo be wes esc Fic ne
ers are borne beneath large, thin, purplish leaves. The dorsal sepal and the synseP#"
are similar to each other. The most distinctive petals possess in addition 10 a pat *
angles on each lobe a slender process on the outer margin indicating a relations XP
with L. mucronata. The thin labellar blades are similarly adherent over the
138 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes perdita Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 185.
Ety.: From the Latin perditus, “lost,” ed xths ha eoliivn dats.
Sp s! T * T a eee A tate aquatic flarih 7 ah netahe nronor-
> ” by | saa
i a ae BS - aed 4 ai ce Asta
r
apr adseme dca ari oom aarrar eta Se ee enclosed by
10 Leaf y ovate, iden
ati, 1S cee a b it le 3
ly raceme, up to | cm Peis lee (ens 15 aon Dee: a
mm long 1.5 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; yellow, broadly ovate, obtuse, the dorsal sepal
lg a Ob the lateral sepals for 0.75 mm the lateral sepals 2.4 mm long, 1.6
connate for 1 tals yell ith red border, cellular pubescent, transversely bilobed,
0:75 mm ig, 3 iS mm wide, the upper lobe broadly and obliquely ovate, obtuse, the lower ‘obliquely
bilaminate, the lamin.
ly pubescent,
ens concave incompite above the mide, 1.2 mm long, both the apices and bases acute, “incurved,
a short, oblong dix; colum wae bos tee ther and stig
re
Without locality, 5 Nov. 1984, A. Hirtz 2053 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 11507.
The locality of this species was lost. A subequent collection has not been made
to date. It is characterized by a small to medium-sized habit with a congested
raceme of successive, very small flowers borne behind an ovate, acute leaf. The
sepals are broadly ovate and obtuse. The petals are proportionately large with the
venes lobes ey above > the eal ame tl of the lip are lunate and
p acute and incurved.
incom
— "hd rien rpg i— Novon 3: 451, 1993. Fig. 186.
with bristling hair,” referring to the lepanthiform sheaths.
epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1.5-6 cm long, enclosed
phi ite ces and coarsely long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suborbicular,
obtuse t 7-15 mm ong, 7-1 mi wide the rounded base contracted into a Lam kag petiole.
pry saaserindt PS ie ata ent y y , up to 5 cm long including the
lightly Renters dndecies ‘ 10.75 mm long; ovary 1 mm long,
wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, th pal red, triangular, aa
synsepal, 3 mm long, 1.5 sm wido unexpended, the apex x narrowly obtuse; petals yellow,
_ - transversely 0.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the upper lobe triangular, the lower
— oblong, acute apex attenuate into an equally long, slender tail, the lower lobe much longer than
upper lobe; lip red, bilaminate, ilove gules a. Tae mm long, the apices oe
Salou dace arice ee
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor. ondor, epiphytic in f ah on of G é, alt. 1650
meme | m, 20 Jan.
bia C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup & A. Jesup 14014 (Holotype: MO east of Chuchumbletza, all t. 1650m,
1 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, W. Shap yr iralbaped yey
This little species is known only from the Cordillera del Condor. It is character-
ized by the small vegetative habit with long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths; a loose,
successively flowered raceme eventually reaching far beyond the small, round leaf:
the Ig arested sepals, the laterals connate into a boat-shaped synsepal; petals with
er lobes long-tailed; and glabrous, oblong blades of the lip with a pubescent,
protruding, triangular appendix.
>
|
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 139
nies plectilis Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 54: = — Fig. 187.
Ety.: complicated appen
From the Latin plectilis, “intricate,” in reference to the
Plant small, epiphytic , caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls ngs hee: 2-8 cm long, en-
closed by 3.9 close, microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. coriaceous, to
horizontal, —— with purple reticulation, especially beneath, pots ovate, acute, 2.5-4.5 cm
long, 0.6-1.0 1.5 mm long. congested,
Inflorescence a
flexuous, successiv ma d long, b cnt a eee
4-20 mm long, commonly produced in pairs, one with a short peduncle, the other with a longer peduncle,
floral bract 1 mm long, ae, echinate, +, pedicel 1 25 mm eb ovary 2 mm long; ‘agile yellow, car-
to obtuse,
inate, the dorsal sepal 2.5
mm long, 1.75 mm wide, connate le to the ag sepals for 0. aa mm, the | with orange
iow midvein, oblique, 2.25 mm lon mm wide, connate 5 mm; ge eda , microscopical-
ly Seresae transversely slong lbed 0: ie mm long, 1. 15 mm wide, the ends rounded, the upper
lobe larg r; lip orange bro lly pube : ovate with rounded rounded ends, the tri-
c - dy, the h aningmn th
oblong, with a terminal, bifid segment wish a pair of mi eign pedunculate lobules; column clavate
1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Napo: epiphytic in forest near Cotundo, alt. 1000 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1861 (Holotype: MO), C.
Luer illustr. 1
Pastaza: Mera, alt. 1270 m, 13 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz & C. Dodson 2015 (MO).
This lowland species, which superficially resembles L. mucronata Lindl., is
related to L. intricata Luer from a much higher altitude. Lepanthes gariae differs
in having narrow, reticulate leaves, smaller flowers, non-acuminate, min
ticulate sepals, and obtuse blades of the lip. The triangular eacuivee iain
bodies, and intricate, segmented appendices of the two species are very sim
Lepanthes pleurorachis Luer, he 54: 363, 1983. Fig. 188.
Ety.: From the Greek pleurorachis, ‘a ribbed rachis,” in allusion to the inflorescence.
Plant small, et epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-6 cm long,
enclosed te 6 6-8 minutely scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect to suberect, thinly co coriaceous,
narrowly o he acute, 16-28 mm long, 8-10 mm wide, the base contracted
into ‘a petiole 1 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence an extremely congested, distichous, long
£
J sicily 5 = = lmm
ath oie a oa ee ig: ] g: pedicels 1 mm long, closely arranged in 2 rows; ovaly
long; sepals y: ellow , glabrous, elliptical, subequal, subacute, 1-veined, free ee ST ee
the dorsal sepal 1.5 mm long, 0 mene opr be an tere
Orange, ly bilobed a = t lobe oa
ee, iransverncty eC , 0.3 mm long, ap eee pen "t - lip red-brown,
mae, anes bilobed-cordate, rang yw the apex retuse
lobes and with a minute apiculum in the sinus, the basal lobes obes rounded, to either side of the column, the
hase fe. a oa Yebied the calnmn - column 0.5 mm long, the anther
pekinese
Richincha 1 s » above Toachi, alt. 1500 m, 14
Mar 1982, C C. Luer,. A. PA Hire & 8. Dalstrom 7373 3 Gootype: SEL SEL); same area, 27 Feb. 1982, A. Hirtz &
X. Leon 109 (SEI 0, alt. 1650 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer,
A. Hirtz, S. pea hag Héijer & J. Kui ijt 9844 (MO); same nes con alk "1300 m, A. Hirtz 3980 (MO); same
area, alt. 1500 m, 28 May 1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13719 (MO).
Also . A . ).
This delicate, little species occurs locally in forests oe we —s
Pichincha with one known collection in Colombia. It is related to L. yr ioe
its relatives, but easily distinguished by the dense, distichous, — cools
behind a small, narrowly ovate leaf. The flowers are minute; the
140 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
are similar, elliptical, and essentially free; the transverse petals are acute, the upper
lobe inconstantly bearing a small angle on the inner edge of the upper lobe; and a
cordate, bladeless lip shallowly retuse at the rounded apex with a minute apiculum.
Lepanthes plumifera Luer, ee 55: 190, 1984. Fig. 189.
Ety.: From the Latin plumifer, bearing,” referring to the featherlike appendix.
i lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-16 cm long,
coed y 1 hy ng, mai ae , lepanthiform orm sheaths. Leaf suberect, thinly coriaceous,
obtuse, long-acuminate, 45S ening rage a eaalgat the round base abruptly contracted into a
petiole 2 mm long. Inf
mm long, b hind the leaf by a fili duncl ara 10 mm long; floral bract 1 mm long, mur-
aries yy yy tly pe es ary sepals yellow, minutely denticulate, the dorsal trans-
versely ovate 2.66 mm long, 3 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals
ovate, oblique, connate 1.5 mm into a transversely ovate, bifid lamina 2.8 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, the
apices acute, oblique, free ; petals orang sed with purple medially, trans ly bi
pubescent, | mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the upper lobe trian e, the lower
lobe shorter, triangular, acute; lip orange, suffused with purple, bilaminate, the b blades fusiform , 1mm
ong cut ds, emb ing th umn, th cti th apical halves of
the blades, the body broad, each half ith ded caline hal quely ttech ee i ee
the column below I iddle, the appendix comparatively large, pilose, triangular, acute, protruding
yond the ap f the blades; column 0.75 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
It. 1300 m, Jan. 1989, A. Hirtz 3966 (MO).
Azuay: Cordillera de Molloturo. ee ee 650 m, 27 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A
Jesup, ry Shey gap ay
: epiphytic in cloud forest west of Pifias, alt. 1000 m, 25 Sept. 1980, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
Dodson et al. 5542 (Holotype: SEL); forest south of Pfs, » alt. 900-1 1000 m, 20 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J
Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10675 (MO); n blee, GA, 18 Apr. 1990, F
pi eating
Ve this species resembles L. vespertilio, but the peduncles of L. plumi-
Jera are not as long. Most distinctive is the large, protuberant, fringed appendix.
Lepanthes plumifera is apparently endemic in the humid forests of southwestern
Ecuador at a relatively low altitude.
ea: rt he Gk pn, ee ~~ , 1983. - SN, a
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots
enclosed 1 hi coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect to suberect, 3-9 cm
poe ocd 8 ps * with markedly dilated ostia, the margins and ribs ciliate.
narrowly margined, 2.5-4 cm long, 2.5-4 om wide _ y, transversely coeiele vate,
coenistzicop 4mm ' hs et : senxg
mm long, bome by 4 12 1 ia nnd o Be cre dae _ aa ? £. lara
bract 1.5 mm long; pedicel 1 mm lone: FAIS Silat gic si oral
ovate, acute to the ©, cil id
cream colored, transv. ; petals
ing in a slender, recurved, . 4-pronged, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide unspread, both lobes terminat-
‘. the : clog, 2 mr ens aca nat Eevceas near tho mide lip purple,
ri hispid, the connectives cuneate, short. the body SPaee aga a
eesthy ol, oben eahenly face ana ee en ote be
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 141
Morona-Santiago: north of the pass north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1700 m, 17 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J.
Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11872 (MO); north of Gualaquiza, alt. 1900 m, 7 Mar. 1992, S.
Dalstrém et al. 1625 (MO).
Loja: epiphytic in cloud forest south of Yangana, alt. ca. 2500 m, D. D’ Alessandro “i 104, flowered
in cultivation at the Predesur Orquideario at Vilcabamba, C. Luer 6134 (Holotype: SEL
This most unusual species is apparently endemic in southem Ecuador where it is
seldom found. It is recognized by the coarse, suborbicular leaves and short inflores-
cences of pubescent flowers. The petals are four-pronged. The apical upper surfaces
of the blades of the lip resemble a tooth brush.
—— posadae Luer & Escobar, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 53: 479, 1984. Fig. 191.
Ety.: ss in honor of Sr. Jaime Posada of Medellin, Colombia, in whose Colomborquideas this
species w: ivated.
to large in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, oe
cm long, enclosed by 11-23 pinche ciliate, ler
coriaceous, convex, elliptical-ovate, acute, oe 5-10 cm long, 1.5-3.5 cm wide, the base « cuneate
to rounded, contracted into a petiole 3-4 mm lon congested
ered raceme up to 15 mm long, bome by a ake peduncle 1.5-5 cm ong along the back of the leaf:
floral bract 1-1.5 mm long; pedicel 3-4 mm long; ovary 2-4 mm long; sepals light green, glabrous, car-
a ovate, the dorsal sepal 3. 5-5. 5.5 mm long, 2.75-3. 75 mm wide, colmams tote laine esata aie
y ; ee ae
wide, the apices acute; petals g: reen with purple margins, pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.5 mm long,
5-6 mm wide, with a slender, lle appendage 1-1.5 mm long, between the lobes,
on, y trian:
, adherent medially over the column, th ly oblong,
i bt ln ie ith a larg ge, oblong, ciliate, A
, 2-2.5 mm long, th 1, the sti tral
Imbabura: southeast of Lita, between Santa Rosa and Cachaco, alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C. Luer,
J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15169 ein wet forest, Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 1850 m, 27 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrom,
T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1805 (MO).
Also Colombia (Chocé, type; Cauca).
This species occurs locally on the western declivities of the Andes of Colombia
and Ecuador. It is characterized by the large habit; thin ovate, acuminate leaves
with the congested inflorescence borne along the back side; green petals with a
purple margin and a marginal, finger-like process; and thin blades of the lip adher-
€nt over the column. The appendix is large, oblong and ciliate.
192.
Lepanthes proboscidis Luer & Hirtz, sp. no
Bey.: pal ie prnencr sar “a long snout,” referring tothe elongated apex ofthe leaves.
Species haec L. sryphae Luer affinis, 4 foliis ob s¢ al iF Z ngi t minati ace igesto
et he re spiiee p ae ee gi rib (latioribus), labell: is membrana-
ei nate reaper aay
Plant small, weak, epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls very a a
1 enclosed by 8-10 tightly appressed, lepanthiform sheaths with minutely cite ont et So
Spreading, thinly coriaceous, e, ovate, obtuse, the rounded base contracted
pastries 15 can kng, he blade 1.5 cn ong, 1112 oO SS peek fowl
into a petiole less than 1 mm lon ong. Inflorescence 2 1 cm long; floral bracts 0.8 mm
raceme, up to 6 mm long, bo he leaf by a »slonde P dorsal broadly
long; ond: Pedicels 1.25 mm long; nas tua: sepals y ellow, glabrous, Sal for Imm, tbe Iatra
saan ing 275 um ier, cnt ot a
sels connate 1.5 mm into a broadly ovate, bifid lamina, 3 mm long, * bobed, meng,
+e
wide, the upper lobe trangalan narrowly obtuse, the lower lob
142 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
nate, the laminae thin, membranous, minutely ciliate, lunate with the inner margins lightly adherent over
the column, with the ends rounded, 1,25 mm long, the connectives narrow, the body thick, ec gemeraran
; E PP hin and prolapsed
i. p ‘ ——— fanat 4 5 mm long Ys +h. A. 1, sy stigm
_ o_o a ee b 4 4 ad £, o ol. ry ra ay ic - D Pe Cachaco, alt. alt.
1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15178 (MO).
Vegetatively this species resembles the sympatric L. tortilis with the long-
acuminate apical segment of the leaf. The apex is as long as the blade of the thin,
purple, little leaf. It is apparently endemic on the western slopes of the Andes of
northern Ecuador where it is known only from the original collection. Florally it
resembles L. grypha, but L. proboscidis is distinguished by entire, glabrous sepals;
petals wider than the petals are long; and the pedunculated appendix delicately
hinged from within.to Lepanthes cotyledon from the eastern declivities. The two
species are very similar with thin, purplish, broad, long-acuminate leaves, but the
ostia of the lepanthiform sheaths of L. cotyledon are much more dilated. Lepanthes
pelyx is further distinguished by the shorter pedicels, subquadrate instead of
hatchet-shaped upper lobes of the petals, minutely ciliate blades of the lip with
acute, incurved apices, and a broad, concave body. The body of L. cotyledon is
similar, but the edges of the cavity are well-defined.
Lepanthes protuberans Luer & P. Jesup, sp. nov. Fig. 193.
Ety.: From the Latin protuberans, “protuberant,” referring to the body of the lip.
tibus . — ovat th ~ 7 6 4 - ‘ fi i = . llipt eh se
pensstshersenesncs bis sub st lit i btriangul rib : btusi labelli laminis oblongis pubescentibus,
£ has wf of Vile.
by 5-7 ci leiden 0
t ’ 'y dlistioal, acute, 2-3 om
5 liom aya iy toa el . Inf a
Pinta a ane y several : to g, behind the leaf by a
eee . ee i: om oe, onny 1S mm
long; sepals red with greenish white margins spiculate, the ovate, acute, slightly
sr : whi : senal
mun long, 1.5 muen wide, 3-¥es Sind, comate fo th tral sepals or 0.25 mm, ——
i arb tice eae Ciliate, 2.2 mm mm long, 1.4 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 0.8 mm;
lobed, 0.8 mm long, 2.5 ie.
: ene mm
hes gi “earn es om tye a , pubescent, ciliate
bi ee gees ne sn and bases rounded, 1 mm mm long, the connectives broadly
ape minimally ease witout an dix: colum 0.
fringed, the appendix; n 75 mm long, ik cihde ical tag censors
: a piphy ic in f i mg the new road bet Macas and Guamote, alt. 1450
m, collected 16 Jan. 1989 by P. Jesup, flowered in cultivation 5 ween Macas | ,
(Holotype: MO) cultivation 5 May 1990 in Bristol, CT, C. Luer 14739
pe: east of the pass east of Loj
Jesup, P. Jesup & A. Hirtz 16083 (MO). ja, alt. 2500 m, 21 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
This species is characterized by the narrow, semiterete leaves and a shorter
Se = es
ee a |
OE See
ee ee ee
|
:
;
;
ase Tr
a a a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 143
—! — Luer & Hirtz, ss nov. Fig. 194.
Ety.: F the Greek psomion, “‘a tiny ferring to th ly Il size of the fl
Plant di 7 emtoca , inflorescentia racemosa tice licticha | ; dicellata foho
ae fl cotalie
aay lobis at oblongis obtusis pro eee labello bo eababaas silaheaiigies apice
cum apiculo minuto, lobis tenuibus oblique ovati vatis obtusis.
Plant medium in size, e ts slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-6 cm long,
enclosed by 7-10 closely cpl, peters men sheaths with microscopically ciliate ostia. Leaf erect,
thinly coriaceous, suffused with purple beneath, narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate, 3-6 cm cm long, 1-1.5 cm
wide, the base cuneate into a ‘a petiole 2 mm long. Inflorescence a veey os sii 98 distichous, a -
ce.
ie, successively Elees
filif duncle 9-17 mm long; floral ra mm en psi: eal
vi
sepals
pat oblong, oblique, obtuse, ciliolate-erose; lip red, thin, ciliate, bilobed, the apex retuse, minutely
cman, Ue lobes wii ovate, obtuse, 0.5 5mm long, 0.5 mm wide, the unguiculate base
g d the stigma
E t of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz,
C.H. cnn D. see & D. Bermudes 12421 Piceayos MO
a: southeast of Lita toward Santa Rosa de Cachaco, alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J.
abur:
Luer & A. Hirts 15181 (MO).
This extremely small-flowered species, known only from a single collection in
northwestern Ecuador, is related to tiny-flowered L. ps but the flowers of
L psomion are even smaller. In addition, the lobes of the petals are are obliquely and
broadly oblong, obtuse and erose-ciliate; and the lip is bilobed and unguiculate, not
cordate with basal lobes flanking the column.
ees te Rchb. f., se adnan 1: 146, 1856. Fig. 195.
Ety.: From the G teropogon, “a wingedlike beard,” in allusion to the lip.
Syn.: Lepanthes . Luer, Phytologia 54: 364, me
Ety.: From the Latin por “a thumb,” referring to the appendix.
slender. Ramicauls slender or stout, erect,
Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, c, caespitose; roots slender.
7-17 em long, enclosed by 9-12 long-pubescent, lepanthiform sheaths. Lael 10s ol
ovate, acute, acuminate, 3-6.5 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 3 mm long-
raceme up to 20 mm long, bome by 2
flow Pa congested, distichous, successively ema: errno shes: | aan minutely spiculate;
pedicel 15 mm see ppl :;
ong; ovary 1.25 mm long; 2.2 mm wide connate to the lateral sepals for
rounded, the connectives broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate to
dix large, oblong, er a ca. 0.5 mm long, wrigh an apical lobule; column 1.25 mm long, the anther
apical, the stigma
locality, W. Jameson 113 (Holotype » H. Karsten s.n. (W); &PiPhY"
Pichincha, without | otype: K); “ type
re J. ak Hirtz 4360
Fe tenet below Lloa, alt. 2700 m, 27 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, ach Dodson 12343 (MO) Her
iand La C. Lue
A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém & T. Héijer 9993 (MO).
: i er 993 010) Leito, alt. 3000 m, 12 Oct. 190, A i
fume ares, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr 1985, C. Luer, J. Loar ate ENE slope
ua, alt. 3000 1984, A. Hirtz 2088 |
: i SL ata a | 2 Feb. 1987, © Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12588 (MO).
~
.
i44 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
This species occurs frequently in the forests of the western slopes of Mt.
Pichincha, but it occurs infrequently as far south as Loja, and as far north as Antio-
quia, Colombia. It is not known to occur in Venezuela. Another species was errone-
ously identified as L. pteropogon in Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated which led to the
spurious description of L. pollex.
gnized by the gray, shaggy-pubescent sheaths of
the ramicauls; denticulate sepals; and a lip with ovate, acuminate blades, and a
p gep appendix with an apical lobule.
ge chy pig Escobar, ee 366, 1983. Fig. 196.
Ety.: From pubes, “pubescent,” refi to the pubescent lobes of the lip.
se QD * ee 4 » erect, ce schon
suheschlg #-fayteuntiomaeon ee tc ee Late rect, cori
reticulate-ciliate beneath, narrow ee +) nk, 1- 1.8 cm wide, the base
flexuous, d raceme up
110mm ong, ome yw fifom pede upto 10 mm long, along the back of the leaf; floral bract
n each | mm long; ovary 2 mm long, densely st ; sep ght purple with white mar
gins, carinate-spiculate, the margins denticulate, ovate, shortly apiculate at the subacute apex, the dorsal
4 1 ng, 2.5 mm wide, enomnate tr. tha let, 1 5 fa te oe a. 1 1 oblique,
mm long, connate 2-3 mm, 3.5 mm wide together; petals o: orange with red margins, microscopically
pubescent, transversely oblong, bilobed, 1.33 — 3.33 mm wide, the upper lobe more —
obliquely ovate, obtuse, the lower lobe smaller. with the ; lip rosy white, bi
the blades thick, fleshy, o oblong with rounded ends, convex, long-pubescent, the aves ica
erect, lifting t di connate to the column above the base, the
appendix obovate, obtusely angled above the middle, pubescent, 0.3 mm long, hinged at the sinus;
column | mm long, the anther dorsal, the sti gma ventral.
See fa d Tl ima , alt. It. 2050
m, 29 Oct 1982, C lar ht Bo Escobar & A. Pics E18 Glebe: yeu alt. 2200 m, 16 Jan.
Bani Timmins siren en tas 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
, Ww. es . Embree above San Juan B ,
timed & W. Flores 10988 (MO) an Juan Bosco, alt. 1850 m, 28 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
This species is apparently confined to the wooded valleys in southeastern
Ecuador. It is characterized by the narrow leaves, purple, reticulate and pubescent
beneath; the denticulate sepals bright purple with yellow margins; large transverse
petals and broad, thick, convex, pubescent blades of of the lip.
Peay a rg esi Eirtalogin 54 366, 1983. Fig. 197.
hairy,” referring to the pubescent leaves.
asad caespitose; roots slender, Ramicauls suberect to erect, slender, 3-8
ca ncn 10 cine pio aa with dilated ostia. Leaf suberect to spreading,
cm long, 1.6-2.4 cm wide, the ba or less pubescent, elliptical-ovate, — lightly acuminate, 3-5
successively mm long. Infl
mernannoe Feng, P20 10mm long, bome by a filiform peduncle 15-20 mm long,
armen the ovary ovary Imm lon, cise lange ke: set
petals oblong, mi 1
or Rarely blow eats upper lobe oblong, more or less incurved, subtruncae, the lower lobe small
blades narrowly oblong, 25 mm lone sevlog lip red-brown, essentially . » the
ly cuneate, the body connate to the Se on connectives short-
a ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 145
incha: above Tandapi, alt. 2600 m, 31 March 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrim, T. Hoijer &
J. Kuijt i 980DA (MO); Tandapi, alt. 2600 m, Mar. | 1984, A. Hirtz 1651 (MO).
Morona-Sa as, alt ager 19 Sept. 1980, C. H.
Dodson, C. Luer et al. 10486 (Holotype: SEL); between Cuenca and Limén, alt. 2200 m, 7 Jan. 1995, A.
Hirtz, X. Hirtz & E. Sanchez 6106 (MO).
This species is known from both sides of the Andes of Ecuador. It is character-
ized by the relatively soft, purple-reticulated leaves that are usually, but not always
pubescent, even on the same plant. The flowers with denticulate, caudate sepals is
borne on top of the leaf. The upper lobes of the petals are sometimes held with the
oroaid in apposition. The apices of the oblong blades of the lip more or less
Lepanthes quaternaria Luer, manokiae 54: 3 fed 1983. Fig. 198.
Ety.: From the Latin quaternarius, in reference to the four lobes of the lip.
medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse . Ramicauls slender, erect, 16-27
cm long, feneeaner by 12-15 close lepanthiform sheaths, glabrous to microscopically scabrous. —
erect, thinly coria’ ceous, oblong, 8- 10. 5 cm ek lla 5 cm wide, the acute apex long-acuminate, the
ded b ptly mm long. Inflorescence racemose, 2-8 congested,
distichous, successivel 2 cm long, borne by peduncles up to 2 cm long, ina
— along the back "of the leaf; floral bract and pedicel each 1 mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals
ow-white, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, —— mm long, 3 mm wide, connate to the
ier sepals or mm, he ara sepa come 3am mm into an ate, bifurcated lamina 5.5 mm long, 5
mm wide, the apices acuminate, iverging; petals yellow, ayer 0 with purple medially, micro-
scopically pubesce om omens = bilobed, 1.2 mm long, 6 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong-
subfalcate, obtuse, the lower lobe similar but smaller; lip yellow, eafineol i with brown, bilaminae, the
lobes falcate, incurved, obtuse, the body connate posteriorly to the column above the base, the appendix
a minute nubbin in the sinus; column stout, 1.5 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
S bi f El Carmelo, alt 2050m, gion fare C.Luer, J.Luer
m, 5 Apr. 1964, . Dalstrom
& A. Hirtz 6307 Gicloppe: SEL} sash of Sante Basbera, all. 2600 m1 . Luer,
ob Hier POT4 AS), ian aes, 2700 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11107 (Mo)
hua: Cordillera de los Llanganates, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz
wih
Yares 11135 (MO). ae rs alt. 2200 m, 8 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A.
Hirt 12721 (MO). —
This species occurs locally on the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. It ts
distinguished by the congested, distichous raceme shorter than the leaf with a long-
acuminate apex; ovate, acute sepals; transversely oblong petals; and a distinctive lip
with thick blades, thick connectives and a thick body with a pair of thick, anterior
protuberances, one to either side of the minute appendix.
—— ti ede a or. 54: is aed Fig. 199.
creeping,’ referrin;
nt large, a eae 1-3 cm long between ramicauls; Too
coarse. Ramicauls stout, ascending to erect, 15-33 cm all, enlosed By TO IO B15 om ong
’ orm sheaths. Load canct, teay eakiaaoote ate-elliptical, acute, acuminate,
Soe "te base broaly Cunet into peile 59 mm lon. Tflreseace are
rig rhawcae borne by fii peduncle 15 Saas
ce © up to 40 mm long, bya ervey 3mm og: sepals low apbecns, ovale
the lateral :
acute, attenuate, the dorsal sepal 10 mm long, ny pe wide, connate Meopether, pals yellow, edged in
lateral sepals oblique, 9.5 mm long, connate for 3 mm, 7 obtuse, the outer
purple, transversely oblong, 1.9 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, the upper lobes lobes triangular,
146 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
. 4. ye 1 41 hw 3 nS 7
ai rs sy an 7 a a Ae ae ree the | Beret ed sore 3 >
mm long ositi q , the apex weakly ciliate, the connec-
ue. = + 4. = 4 ry i.
=
Carchi the roadcut above El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 17 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer &
A. Hirtz 6261 (lolote SEL ); between Tulcan and Maldonado, alt. 3000 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S.
Dalstrim & T. ~_: 9957 Oo), epiphytic in subparamo forest, between El Angel and Tulcan, alt
3350 m, 5 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11065 (MO); east of Maldonado, alt. 1600 m, 16 Mar.
pag Cc. Luer, J. Luer, J. Del Hierro, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 15098 (MO); El Mirador, alt. 3400 m, June
|, A. Hirtz 5564 (MO).
Ni America, alt. 3400 m, 11 Mar. 1966, S. Dalstrém, S.
Ingram & K. Roan Fors 2097 sents
— ‘orest east of Yangana, alt. 2800 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11511
tam: army road east of Yangana, alt. 2800 m, 23 Mar. 1985, A. Hirtz, C. Luer & J. Luer 2294 (MO).
r4..:. ) ey rh Se
altitudes where it grows either epiphytically
or terrestrially. Plants form dense fascicles of ramicauls produced by ascending,
long-creeping rhizomes. The congested, distichous racemes are shorter than the
shortly acuminate, elliptical leaves; the sepals are broadly ovate and shortly acu-
minate; the petals are transverse and broadly oblong. The blades of the lip are
oblong with long-ciliate, a subtruncate apices and bases; the connectives
are short with a minute
vanthes reventador Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 41: 8, 1990. Fig. 200.
Leet” bind Named for
Plant medium in weak, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, to
men ing ecu 15 hy tg iform s , glabrous except for micro-
10 Leaf erect to spreading, thinly coriaceous, suf-
fened wih ep mrindeien acute-acuminate, 3-4.5 cm long, 1- fica wibh the base
cuneate into a petiole I 1. 5 mm long. ence a very conges ested, distichous, p ROCA VCAT many-
flowered raceme up to ie cpa of the leaf by a fili mm long; floral
ba ong pt ama Soanpaets peda mm long; sepals dull light green, =e emanay
= Solel ug acl a eae da the lateral sepals fr
sya aha té ca: ee ee m3 5 oe wide togethe
wide, the upper lobe oblong, truncate, ore ng ee one A er eee 3mm
green, suffused with with purple, the laminae laminae thin, ovate with rounded en ends,
—ee ehectae uae held above the column by narrowly ane
connecti 8 bos ean bilobulate, et the base of the column, the si
1.5 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma ventral.
column are
rie aksaRe , 8 Feb.
1906, Lae) Looe ae ee pra alt. 1850 m e
This species appears similar to L. mucronata with its weak habit and green,
truncate petals of flowers borne on top of the |
se ike over the cal € caf. The lobes of the lip are also
ly different from the thick appendices of the last two.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 147
— rhodophylla Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. v ieee Veg. Beih. 8: a beets
Ety.: From the Greek rhodophyllos, “red leaf,” referring to the
Plant large, erent caespitose; ~—- numerous, very slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-40 cm
long, enclosed by 13-30 lon ong-acuminate, glab ]
axis of the ramicaul, thinly co coriscoons, subplicate ae — 8-16 cm long, 3.5-9 cm wide, the
apex subacute, walesana the mann long. Inflorescence an erect,
congested, distichous, successiv man dun
4, ste 5 cm — floral bract, 3 mm m long wees ya 5- 3 mi dag ae ovary 5 mm long, costate; ‘sepals
r thirds, carinate, glabrous, ovate, subacute, the dorsal sepal
3 mm i am Gu mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 2 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 7.5 mm long, 4
mm wide, connate 3 mm; petals green, pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.25 mm long, 5 mm wide, with
the laminae , 2mm long, lightly adherent over the co thin,
from below the maddie. greatly inflated ly, és: to the coleman ahh , wh
a the appendix pubescen oblong, th : Ste ei eth ba ee
umn large, 2 mm long, the satther de dorsal, the stigma ventral,
Pichincha: valley - f Nanegal, western slopes of the Cordillera Tegua near Rio Frio, Nov. 1902, A.
Sodiro 1896 (Lectotype de Toachi, alt. 1400 m, March 1990, A
Hirtz, X. Hirtz & K. H. arash 4666 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 14719; same area, alt. 1300 m, A. Hirtz, x.
Hirtz & K.H. Baumann 4693 (MO).
This huge species is most closely related to L. cotyledon from the eastern slopes
of the Andes. Although the forests on the western slopes of Pichincha have been
searched by Hirtz since his childhood, he had never encountered this spectacular
species until March 1990 when it was discovered twice in different localities in the
same area.
Lepanthes rhodophylia is characterized by the tall habit with large, purple,
subplicate, long-acuminate leaves that glow red when back-lit, a long
Congested inflorescence; and flowers superficially not unlike those of L. cotyledon
and its relatives characterized by petals with a small lateral, hooklike lobule. The
blades of the lip of L. rhodophylla form a lid over an inflated sac composed of
thinly dilated connectives and body which contains the column. The stigma is in
contact with the appendix which is hinged to the anterior margin of the sac.
Lepanthes rhombipetala Schltr. (L. nanegalensis) Fe
Lepanthes rhynchion Luer, Phytologia 54: 368, 1983. Fig, 205.
Ety.: From the Greck rhynchion, se ci ” referring to the protruding sti
Ramicauls stout, erect, 6-37 cm long,
wTorrent
scat ear pe ae nce
Seat te, ect icle of sat ote oonionaly 2 ower
png flora bracts 15 Behe more or less spi aed grap pd se gett sate
8, More or less spiculate; ellow, sometime i
0.5-1 mim to the lateral = an sepals pals obgue, ‘45 mm ae 23 36m wna om
hee versely — 1-1.25 mm long, 2.5-3
connate lobe smaller, oblong
mm wide, the upper lobe boa oblong, the apex rounded, the lower Jy elliptical, 2 mm long,
With the ape apex rounded: lip red to orange to red, bilaminate, the blades narrow
148 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
el } 4. 4 arn 4. Lk 7 tus. +, Pe 3 he Pil +. f the k 1
. +. eh oh. /. s.. eh. t.. = +h. ot sonnel, } Tal Fi 1 column A
rere > rr °F . mm
long. th ther di 1. the sti otuberant. apical. narrowly transverse.
om - 8 , a & 3 = ~~
Tulcan and Maldonado, alt. 3300 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 11112
3885
Aug.
(MO).
& D. D’ Alessandro 6141
Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
This species is widely distributed in the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
It is one of the most beautiful of the genus, the colorful flowers borne in a short but
subdensely flowered raceme, contrasting against the purple back-surface of the
leaves. The widely spread, denticulate, lateral sepals are one-veined; the upper
lobes of the petals are large, more or less overlapping; and the blades of the lip are
narrow with acute apices flanking the snout-like stigma.
ricina Luer & Dalstrém, sp. nov. Fig. 204.
Ety.: From the Latin ricinus, “with a veil,” referring to the curtain-lik ing the col
Deans. rd . .: ee ge al x v4 1 sionbnse
palis late ovatis brevi SS PRAGA blongis, labelli laminis lunatis margini
| RS Bee a fe Shen ai oe
o
s
Plant medium is size epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls
sa. 2 . slender, erect, 12-18 cm long,
enclosed by 14-20 long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical to obovate,
, acuminate, 5-8 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, the base broadl the i ae
petiole 2-3 mm long. Inflorescence a very congested, distichous, d raceme,
up 00 15 mam hong » bome behind the leaf by a slender peduncle 15-20 mm long; floral 1.5mm
err 1 1. Glelinreie tha A 1 1 te
It a
cd
= 1 P|
obtuse, lightly acuminate, 5 mm long, 4.75 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm,
nate 1.5 aun; petals orange, ti inate ecco mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 2-veined, con-
lone: 4 wie ide the > ae sp red, deasel y cellular-pubescent, transversely bilobed, i
Lab
3: bel. ae ip .
oe ae p purple, bilaminate, the blad b t, thick, lunate.
1.25 mm long, the inner margins es Chunar fre aga ase Se 3 eae
teat ai
with al
cover the the connectives thick, broadly cuneate, formine « brood thick body. ox
base of the column, the si : cuneate, forming a broad, thick body, connate to the
ee eee thick, protuberant, with the brush- i to the
lower margin; column thick, 1 mm long, the anther apical, Fg aay ora tammalamtat
len 195.5 Delete Time Se joe ae
Birla leaf — the tall ramicauls, and an obovate, abruptly
smooth, broad, « congested raceme is borne behind the leaf. The sepals are
wal & ae and lightly sprue apical ig transversely oblong. Most
hese Shehea Pe ae veil that descends from the inner margins of the thick,
wsied in ec AP to cover the thick column. The veil from the two blades is
: gin in ragged. It appears to be made of a thin,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 149
cellular substance.
Two other, apparently not closely related species are known to have developed
independently a similar veil over the column: L. deformis from Ecuador and Costa
Rica, and L. velifera Luer & Béhar from Guatemala. To investigate the function or
necessity of such a strange structure would be an interesting challenge.
Lepanthes rudicula Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 205
Ety.: From the Latin rudicula, “a small s ” referring to the small paddle-like leaves.
Plant P pit sa, ; . 2 - . * gis 1 Pz +4 L . ribus, floribus parvis,
: = alis longioribus, labelli laminis anguste longis cum connectivis
cuneatis, corpore lato cum appendice parva extus
Plant small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender, Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-5 cm long,
enclosed by 4-8 microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. erect, coriaceous, F
cal to suborbicular, obtuse, 11-17 mm long, 10-15 mm wide, the rounded base abruptly contracted into a
petiole 2 mm long. Inflorescence a very congested, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up
scabrous; pedicel 1-1.25 mm long; ovary 0.8 mm long; sepals yellow, ovate, acute to subacute, entire,
the dorsal sepal 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.25 mm, the lateral sepals
oblique, 2.2 mm long, connate 1 mm, 2 mm wide together; petals yellow with red margins, minutely
pubescent, iy bilobed, 0.6 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong triangular, narrowly
obtuse, the lower lobe narrower but about as long, narrowly triangular; lip red, minutely pubescent,
bilaminate, the laminae oblong, barely more than thickened margins of the connectives, 1 mm long, the
apices narrowly obtuse, the connectives cuneate, body broad, connate to the base of the column, the
appendix small, oblong, ciliate, at the base of the body extemally; column red, 1 mm long, the an
stigma apical.
Pastaza: epiphytic in guava trees near Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m, 28 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, 5. 7
T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9773 (Holotype: MO). i
Morona-Santiago: north of Limén, alt. 1000 m, 5 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12635
(MO): Cordillera del Cutuedi east of Mendez, alt. 1000 m, 5 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & 4. Hirt 12640
(MO); epiphytic along Rio Yanganza below Limén, alt. 950 m, 17 Feb. 1986, C- Luer, J, Luer, A. Hirtz,
betes A. Embree 11860 (MO); same area, alt. 1000 m, 5 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer eames
).
This little species occurs at moderately low altitudes in eastcentral Ecuador.
Florally it is similar to the larger, elliptical-leaved L. cercion Luer & Escobar from
Colombia. Lepanthes rudicula is distinguished by the small, suborbicular leav's;
short, congested, distichous raceme; ovate sepals, the laterals deeply connate; large
petals longer than the sepals; narrow, pubescent blades of the lip on the margins of
renga and a small, oblong appendix on the external surface of the body at
saltator Luer, Phytologia 54: 369, 1983. re —
tafe atone cae ae ” referri he fancied apf —
cer, rererming
ee : : _ erect, 6-25 cm tall, enclosed by
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender ‘tiate along the veins beneath,
9-16 ciliate lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, sparsely t 190° © a 1 subcordate
elliptic-ovate, acute, long-acuminate, 5-12 cm long, 2-5.5 cm wide, the base tot" Y omuaeal
abrupt! into a petiole 4 long. Inflorescence a very conges j the back of the
flowered raceme wp to 25 mm lng, bome by lifom pedunl FT aa alm glabrous,
floral 1.25 icel 1-1.25 mm } caidas , Ia
ee Te Mg ide. basally to the lateral sepals
, mm, the subacute
150 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Bene i 1 mm long, 4.1 mm wide, the e upper seo sit chan. the lower lobe ‘smaller, triangular,
epee aes hs tases Say tte, the - oa aiming connate to Aocdae weber
pi. eg oblong, channeled, with a ciliate, apical gland; column mn the anther dorsal, the
stigma ventral.
Los Cedros Reserve, wet forest, alt. 1700 m, 21 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H.
Wannirp 1707 1707 (MO). —
f d th i bove Toachi, alt. 1500 m, 14 Mar.
1982, C. Luer, A. Hite & S. Dalstrém 7372 Golotype SEL. same area, alt. 1300 m, 21 May 1983, C.
go, alt. 15
1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13718 (MO); above Tinalandia, alt. 1200 m, Apr. 1984, A. Hirtz 1733 (MO).
Cotopaxi: west west of El Corazén, ge 1200 38 eh 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4019 (SEL).
alt, 1250 m, 10-12 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Dable
Hirtz et al. on. 15021 (MO).
Pees large species is apparently endemic on the western slopes of the Andes of
tral Ecuador. It is identified by the congested raceme shorter than the long-
pacers leaf that is ciliate on the veins on the undersurface. The lateral sepals
are broad with diverging, acuminate apices. The petals are proportionately broad
sank large. The blades of the lip are narrow and glabrous, and the appendix is
+, 3 1 kL. ws -
7s o
saltatrix Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 207.
Ety.: From the Latin saltatrix, “a female dancer,” referring to the fancied apr f the flower.
Rs oracetomers Teta adie d folii i ginit dulatis, sepalis later-
~
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, slender, 2.5-4 cm
eobcb oa papi dare lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf spreading, thinly coriaceous, pale
f, with rose Senegal agen aaat ovate, subacute, 18-22 mm long, 15-18 mm wide, the
& not e, the date, Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively
several-flowered raceme to7 mm
flonl spe ica long, bome on top of the leaf by a filiform peduncle 2-5 mm long;
echinate; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary 2 mm long; sepals yellow, reflexed,
obtuse, acuminate- -acute, carinate, margins sparsely ci
long, 3.5 mm wide, free from the | HOE aa: Aig
peso tm, >-veined, petals 20d-coangs ee eccons bilobed,
hwnrtke mm wide, the wpper lobe ovate, oblique, with acute apex long-acuminate-caudate, the
ne ee Pu titel ca ciliate, penta! y oblong, shallowly retuse, 2 mm long, 3 mm wide,
; column 1.5 mm long, the anth ee ee
‘emeralAa
E As.
Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
Dodson, A. Hirtz, ;
D. bas Bermudas 1424 olaype: MO
m, 19 une 1996.J. L Clark E Arsopond Pte 208 Ge ONES Bnce of family Arroyo, alt, 300-700
is species, apparently endemic in lowland western Ecuador, is closely related
y re
sees haccesmie ~ ty Out it differs in in the Saapenani pale lavender, non-undulate-
cilia gins: 3 shortly pubescent petals without coarse
widely os pats than twice as large. Lepanthes calodictyon is
Colombia to cen
trically with L. saltatrix. Alt tral Ecuador, and it grows sympa-
distinguished.
gh extremely similar, the two species are easily
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 151
Lepanthes satyrica Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 141, 1987, Fig. 208.
Ety.: Named for the mythological Greek, woodland deity, a Satyr.
Plant small, weak, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. _Ramicauls suberect, very slender, 1-5 cm
long, enclosed by 8-10 tightly fitting, minutely ciliate, lep sheaths. Leaf suberect, cor
striped in purple, very es ovate, acute, 12- 30 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, the sides more or less
decurved, the base cun tiole 1 g. Inflorescence a conges ested, successively few-flow-
ered raceme up to 3 mm long, sess on top ofthe leaf by aff peduncle 4-5 mm long; floral bracts
0.75 mm long, minutely ciliate; pedicels 1 .25 mm long; ovary | mm long; sepals red-orange, minutely
a enticulate, the dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, deeply concave below the middle, 3 mm long, ~ 5
wide unexpanded, connate to the lateral sepals for less than 1 mm, the lateral s connate into
orate obtuse synsepal 2.75 mm —_ 2.25 mm wide, the capes shortly bifid; petals yellow, t rans
th a the upper
.25 mm long, 3 mm with
lobe narrowly oblong, obtuse, Tong-pubescent, - lower lobe longer, narrowly linear: linear-triangular, acute,
short-pubescent, lip purple, minutel ate. the blades thick, narrowly elliptical with the
YP
apices acute, 1.6 mm long, the connective es bro 9 asian oblique, connate above the base of the
column, the body with an elongated, descending, triangular proce ss with an apical appendix vertically
bilobed; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ennai
Imbabura: epiphytic in wet forest south of Lita, alt. 1250 m, 19 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, C. H. Dodson, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12430 (Holotype: MO).
This weak, little species is characterized by the very slender, almost hairlike
ramicauls that bend with the weight of the narrow, purple-striped leaves. The flow-
ers are borne by a short peduncle. The dorsal sepal is deeply concave and the later-
als are connate into a bifid synsepal. The bilobed petals are very slender and pubes-
cent. The blades of the lip are thickened margins of the broad, cuneate connectives,
and a long, triangular process descends from the body, with the appendix at the
apex. The appendix is divided vertically into two segments.
Lepanthes scalaris Luer, Phytologia 54: 369, 1983 Fig. 209.
Ety.: From the Latin scalaris, “‘ladderlike,” referring the prolific habit of growth.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, scandent; roots slender. Ramicauls slende: ender, erect, prolific, 5.5-9.5
cm long, enclosed = 5-7 close ee sheaths, minutely ciliate at
cane elliptical, acute, 20-36 mm long, 9-12 mm wide, cuneate below into a
long; floral bract 2.5 mm long; pedicel curved. 1.2 mm long; ovary 1. mm long; sepals glabrous, my
salmon in color, the veins prominent externally, the dorsal sepal ovate, 7 mm long, 4.75 mm wide,
apex shortly acuminate, acute, the lateral sepals oblong, oblique, 8 mm long, 6 mm pe aay
nate to near the middle, the apices shortly acuminate; petals transversely oblong, 1.25 mm long, > mm
wide, the mage lobe purple, the lower lobe smaller, orange; lip rosy re , the me
the ends rounded, 2.2 mm long, the connectr cuneate, the broad, commie
base of rape column, the appendix cup-shaped with a ciliate margin; column 1.5 mm long, the anther
ventral.
Carchi if can Gabriel, alt. 3340, 16 May 1981, C. Luer.J-
and Playén de San Francisco,
Luer & A. poten, ree
otype: SEL); El Mirador, between Julio
alt. 3300 m, 22 Mar. 1991, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. el Hierro & S. "Ortega 5289 (MO).
Also C Colombia (Narifi fio).
This de, cloud forests of southern
species is apparently endemic in high altitu lific habit and —_
Colombia and northern Ecuador. It is identified by the pro:
racemes that far exceed the leaf in length. The sepals are
petals are oblong and obtuse; and the blades of the lip
appendix, hinged in the sinus, is globular and concave with
152 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes scansor Luer & Escobar, Phytologia 54: 370, 1983. Fig. 210.
Ety.: From the Latin scansor, “a climber,” referring to the scandent habit.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, scandent; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, prolific, 4-16 cm
long, i by 6-8 cl thif heaths minutely ciliate at the ostia Jesolo coriaceous,
clic aa, 2-5 cm long, 1-1.5 om wide, canes below into the peticle 3-4 . Inflorescence
, successively flowered, lightly flexuous raceme up to 3 on cm he: the peduncle
Blea. si tats tate: Cased beck mak Lng pedicel mam long: ovary 1.5 mm long, ribbed; sepals
with purple centrally, the y, pal broadly
ovate, acute, 4.75 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, subfalcate, acute, connate to
the middle, 4.75 mm wide together, petals yellow-orange, suffused with red medially, transversely
aon 1 -1 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, Pb aage Pome the lower lobe smaller, narrowly oblong,
lip red, bilaminate, tl Pa conte ein eter “crates aap hepaio incurved,
put the b d the body wide, connate to the
umn above the base, th dix Il, rounded, densely pubescent; column 1.5 mm long, the anther
apical, the stigma apical and protruding.
Loja: ee ee 3100 m, 30 Oct. 1982, C. Luer & R.
Escobar 8240 (Holotype: SEL
This species is known only from the type-collection. It is identified by the pro-
lific habit and loose racemes shorter than the leaves. The sepals are acute; the
petals are oblong; and the blades of the lip are ovate with acute, incurved apices.
The appendix is small, globular, pubescent and sessile.
scapha Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 211.
Ety.: From the Latin (Greek) scapha, “a boat,” referring to the shape of the appendix.
Planta
breviore,
sepalis ovatis,
a a inflorescentia racemosa congesta folio anguste ovato streamate
longo
truncato, lobo inferiore anguste triangulari, labelli laminis oblongis tenuibus, connectivis rea
eak, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, very slender, 3-
75 cmlng ein FS yng. pubes lepanthiform sheaths, with the ostia microscopi-
st en ate, Leaf spreading, thinly y coriaceous, narrowly ovate, 3-4.5 cm long, 9-15 mm wide, the apex
acute, long-attenuate, tridentate, the 1 mm long. Inflor-
slants ated teased tec ap te $ omen ne, boro on top of
he ea by lif pence 3-10 mm on fora mcs mung, hy eon pedicels 1 mm
ovate, obtuse, 3 mm long, 3 mm wide,
cena to thle eal 073mm ther sepals intl sparsely ciliate, i oblique, 3
— mm : connate 1.5 mm; petals dull red-orange, min minutely pubescent, transversely bi-
lobed small obule an the margin between the lobes, 1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe
Imbabura:
Jan. 1987, rye pe * cose Me e
H. rep wo pny asccses E03 Guanes
pis Happ
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 153
Lepanthes schizix Luer, Phytologia 54: 370, 1983. Fig. 212.
Ety.: KT Sf; +h Re A | ity t eh £ TF. a. ifs 2” rt 7
Alley.
7
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 10-30 mm long, enclosed
by 4-6 close, lepanthiform sheaths, the markedly dilated ostia ciliate. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical,
= 12-15 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, th tiole ca. 2 mm long. Inflores-
a loose, successively flowered, zigzag raceme 3-5 cm long, the peduncle filamentous, ca. 2 cm
long; "floral bract ~epeiaeges 1 mm long; pedicel 1.75-2 mm long; ovary 1.25 mm long; sepals dark
pao or orange, carinate g y ciliate , the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, 35 mm long, 3
ded de apex rt. decurved tail, the lateral epals 10. mm long, 3
+h A +,
re ther, connate i ee t, n oblong eS
ve tails ca. 3 mm long; —- dark purple, transversely oblong 1.1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper
lobe oblong with th cute; lip rose, bilaminate, the blades lunate,
glabrous, 1.75 mm long, aoe ees narrowly ike: the body narrow, the column
above the base, the appendix small, oblong, concave, with an apical segment; column In mm m long, the
r dorsal, the stigma ventral
cha: epiphytic in cloud forest near Rio Silante, parmotitr se cato, alt. ca. 2000 m, 28 Oct. 1979, C.
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4411 (Holotype: SEL); new road bet een Quito an and Santo Domingo, alt. 2100
m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer, J. Kuijt & A. Hirt 9815 (MO); same area, alt. 2450 m,
1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. Dodson, A. Hirtz & A. Embree 12053 (MO); west of Lloa along along Rio
Cinto, alt. 2200 m, 20 Feb. 1992, S. Dalstrém et al. 1519 (MO)
This delicate, little species occurs locally on the western slopes of northern
Ecuador. It is recognized by the loose, flexuous racemes more than twice as long as
the small, elliptical ‘leaves. The dorsal sepal is concave with an acuminate apex; the
lateral sepals are connate into an oblong bifid lamina; the petals are transversely
oblong, the lower lobe narrowly acute. The blades of the lip are glabrous and lunate
with a small, segmented appendix.
Lepanthes schizura Luer, Phytologia 54: 371, 1983. Fig. 213.
Ety.: From the Greek schizura, “‘a cleft tail,” in reference to the split appendix.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls — erect, 2.5-5.5 cm long, en-
closed by 5-7 close, minutely ciliate, ‘orm sheaths. Leaf erect, co , narrowly ovat ,
53cm log, tom nde thc be anes noe pele Mg Inflorescence a con-
6 mm long, bome by a filif rm peduncle 8-11 mm
Tong b behind the leaf; floral bract 1 5 mm, minutely spiculate; F — 1.5 oe ae ovary 2 mm long,
po sely
DITO WL Wy btil tints
lacey Gate coe ee ed ed mm long, ry cers the lateral sepals 3 mm long,
connate 1.5 mm, 4 mm wide together; petals orang e, suffused with brown, transversely oblong, 1.2mm
long, 3 mm wide, the apices rounded, the upper ae slightly larger _ - lower lobe; lip brown,
ate, the blades lunate, thick, convex, 1.3 mm long, in apposition the connectives
stout, erect, elevating the blades over the column, meee ed oma the eam above tebe.
appendix
the more or less rounded, broadly cleft centrally, ciliate; column 1 mm long, stout, the anther
Napo: new road, Cotunda to Coca, alt. 1200 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
aS 0a),
rene ae a eet Rio Calagras, alt. 1650 m, 4 Nov.
1982. C. Luer, R. Escobar & D. aaa 8278 Giokaype: SEL); forest north of Gualaquiza, alt.
1600 m, 17 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetia & W. Teague 13422 (MO).
This species occurs locally on the eastern slopes of the Andes at relatively low
altitudes. It is identified by the narrowly ovate leaf with a shorter, congested
raceme: broad, obtuse, denticulate sepals; large, transversely oblong petals; and a
sa with ‘sce blades held over the column and a thick, bifid appendix beneath the
154 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes scrotifera Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 214.
Ety.: From the Latin scrotifer, “scrotum aueieaa” referring to the pubescent lip.
apa anguste oe ciliatis, pias minuutis, transverse bilobis, _ oblong Leagiboecee
labell lobis suborbict
<2 bing LS
= oT = eC & Orr
Plant small, small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 15-27 mm long, enclosed
by 7-9 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform — Leaf erect, suffused with purple e beneath, coriaceous,
ovate, acute, soe pm 5-7 mm wide, petiole 1 mm long. In-
congested, esa vabaopisie y 1-fl long, b top of
the leaf at or beyond the apex by a filiform peduncle 4-9 mm con Hora bracts | mm long, ightly
echinate; pedicels 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 1 long; sep
* 7 , acute, eh g 1 i d, irregularly ciliate,
the dorsal sepal 5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, 3-veined te to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral
a ca 5.5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm, 3(4)-veined; petals yellow-
ong-pubescent, y bilobed, 0.25 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the lobes oblong, narrowly
0 ileng Geass kong, ened hs agen. ong puboscere the lobes subor-
bicular, concave, embracing the column, the base connate to the base of the column, with a descending,
\ 4 > Ea Th.
gulai der, clavate, 2 mm long, th cal
g, oo a
df west of “secpheedhtitons — 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
been png sanders Bermudes 12389 (Holotype: M
This little species from the wet, lowland forest of northwestern Ecuador, is
easily identified by the congested raceme borne near the apex of the little, ovate leaf
by a long, slender peduncle; narrowly triangular, widely spread sepals; minute,
long-pubescent petals; and a tiny lip appressed to the undersurface of a much larger
and twice longer column that protrudes from the center of the flower. The apex of
the lip is bilobed, with the lobes suborbicular, concave and long-pubescent, embrac-
ing the middle of the ‘column. Above the base externally is a wee, long-pubes-
cent callus, un ig the appendix of other species.
semilaminata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov Fig. 215.
ye ee aroha: eH serena only half-way produced i into laminae,” referring to the incom-
Plans a:
inflorescentia con Ogee gs
st eras acuminais,pes bi, gs cs Niacin npn
— $
Ss
7
42 lehell harhicnlato
>
pada 1 epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-9 cm long,
aetna ne f 2. riaceous, ellipti-
Sens. Iadiaemnccer s scant, 45 cm ng 1.8-2.5 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-3 mm
borne bahind the leaf by redatcie recs
ar more long
long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals long or longer; floral bracts 1.5 mm long; pedicels 0.75 mm
i star y seni Pp cana , xtemally along the veins, the sepal
sepals " wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral
the apices diverging, acute, acuminate, pena anin®: 7 mm long, 6 mm wide together, 2-veined,
taneveralytlbed | mm ong, 6mm wide, tenes equalin engl, slong wit aamten
Shaneiiat ite ee mm long, 6 mm wide ded ends. the
column below he iddh intact abov th ee eee a ou 1 is arg ee
tL. oh
column; column 2mm eng heen’ : + ea & cee ae bec tthe
Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera Z
(Holotype: MO), C. Laer instr 1S3 ems Patchicutza, alt. 1200-1500 m, June 1991, A. Hirtz 5522
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 155
In habit this species is similar to numerous others: a short, congested, distichous
raceme borne behind the leaf. The flower is distinguished by the acute sepals,
oblong petals, and a suborbicular lip that is incompletely formed into laminae.
Thickened margins of the lip below the middle flank the column. Above the middle
the lip is entire beneath the column. The bilobed apex is notched with a thin, fla-
bellate appendix in apposition with the stigma. Lepanthes semilaminata is similar
to L. focalis, but the latter differs with an entire lip without and appendix.
Lepanthes series Luer & Hirtz, em te 2: 105, 1987. Fig. 216.
Ety.: From the ert Series, “‘a seri Paar Bahai
roduced in a
Plant small, epiph caespitose, primarily scandent; roots slender. Ramicauls compara-
tively stout, suberect, mar 10-12 mm long, enclosed by 3-4 minutely ciliate-scabrous, lepanthiform
sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, 8 obtuse, 10-12 mm long, 8-10 mm wide, the base broadly
cuneate into the petiole 2 mm long. Inflorescence a loose, flexuous, flexible, successively several-
flowered raceme up to 35 mm long including the filiform peduncle ca. 15 mm long; floral bract 1.5 mm
_~ minutely ciliate; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals red-brown, ov ovate, acute, aired
ati
obtuse, incurved, the base obtuse, the connectives broadly cuneate, , connate to the column near the
aie e body br oid, pubescent; column 3 mm
nf
g, the anther and ilies apical.
Loja oR Say yop meer ep n alt. 2400 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10864 (Holotype: MO’
Only one specimen of this little, climbing species has been found. The rami-
cauls are prolific, forming leafy stems. It is possible that much longer series of
ramicauls are produced than the mere three segments on one piece of the solitary
specimen. The sepals are denticulate and shortly acuminate; the petals are very
small and reniform; and the blades of the lip are narrowly oblong. The appendix is
minute and pubescent.
Lepanthes setifera Luer & Escobar, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 53: 822, 1984. Fig. 217.
Ety.: From the Latin setifer, “bristle bearing,” to the setiform appendix.
slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-16 cm long,
Plan to large, epiphytic, caespitose, roots
enclosed by 9-18 4 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform preg or oa beads ane s .
with purple ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, 5- long, wide, cuneate
rounded, contracted into a petiole 2-4 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, meaerage 25m ng
many-flowe: , up to 25 mm long, — pee ce ietas “8 ne sae
fl =i. , Muricate; pedicels 1 mm ;
rm wide: glen = cen acute, s page acuminate, 2.75-3.5 mm long, _ 75-2.25 mm
ovate,
ide, @-veined: petals
oumacs 2.75-3.25 mm long, connate Umm ia mie 275.08 wer
8 lobe obtuse; lip greenish
mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, peseesaited tee pei
purple t © rose-b a
the inner margin, 1.5 mm long, , the apex acute, carved, ith fw long, eas mde
connectives broadly cuneate, t
small, erect, a fancy column terete, rete, 1 mm long, the anther and stigma apical.
156 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Imbab f uth of Lit Santa R d Cachabi, alt. 1250 m, 19 Jan. 1987, C.
Luer, J. J. Luer, A A. Hirtz, C. Dedeea cal D208 MOY. southeast of Lita, alt. 1200 m, 11 Jan. 1922, C.
Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz etal. 15555 (MO).
1 de los Bancos, alt. 1450 m, 1 Apr. 1984, C. Luer,
A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. P elprer emmerrtn ); old road betw een Chiriboga and Santo
ieee ee = 7 ee: 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9849 (MO).
Bolivar: epiphytic in orest west of La Palma, alt. 1250 m, 10 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J.
Luer, A. Hirtz, X. Hiriz, FR Newre M. Navarro, J. Del Hierro & M. Evans 14968 (MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia).
This species is not uncommon in the Andes of Colombia and western Ecuador.
The small flowers are similar to those of the Central American L. disticha (A.Rich.
& Galeotti) Garay & Sweet. Lepanthes setifera is distinguished by a congested
raceme shorter than the ovate, acuminate leaves (instead of elliptical, non-acu-
minate). The sepals are translucent and acute and the petals are greenish and bor-
dered in purple. The lip is most distinctive with the slender, bristle-like appendix.
Lepanthes sigsigensis Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 451, 1993, Fig. 218.
ize, epiphytic, lender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-7.5 cm long,
settles eae ipuatfor sheath ated at the ona Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate, ee.
ing ereernes soe, hone, osc ly
8 cm long inding
25-3 mm long, ceed chile 3.5-4. 3 mm long;
dorsal sepal with a broad, central,
ovary alate, | 1
stripe, or nna ee connate tothe lateral sepals for 1. 5 mm,
the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, 8 mm long, 3 mm wide, connate 2 mm; petals orange,
landular, transverse! ly bilobed CoA wea eng 5S 00m
wide, the lobes oblon the
si “oe daa upper lobe longer, lip Pap pe ‘wesepenaged si eke eT
nnate, ac connate to the base of the ‘column, - —— slender, sigmoid, minutely
pubescent; column terete, 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in cloud forest east of the
pass east of Sigsig, alt. 2700 m, 15 May
pie Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetia & W. Teague 13350 (MO); SE of Sigsig, road to Chi-
alt. 2500-2700 m, 5 Feb. 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriks
idee 2600 m, 11 Ave. crying Fredrikson 2964 (GB); between
iD ete soak y similar to other medium-sized species with relatively
species pg = * long, loose er (e.g. L. capitanea and L. effusa), this
, minutely denticulate sepals, simple
petals and blades of the lip but with a slender, sigmoid appendix borne in the sinus.
Mepanthes silenus Luer & Hirtz sp. nov. Fig 219.
Planta medic : is caespitosa, inflores tia ra laxa foliis anguste ellip Fe eenalis
lobo inferiore minore anguste jaloulari. labelli lamini - ct eos at or ne - unt
PUA MED sc: : canes
Plant small
sa size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots numerous, filamentous. Ramicauls erect,
cuneate, contacted into a cea oa, 2-4.5 cm long, 0.5-1 cm wide, the base
petiole 2 mum long. ] weak, distichous, ogenaauncid
La
—
is r
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 157
leaf: floral bracts 1.5 mm long, spiculate; pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; sepals red-purple
with a thin white margin, ovate, subacute, long-ciliate, carinate-spiculate, the dorsal sepal concave, 4.5
mm long, 3 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 4.5 mm long, 1.8
mm wide, connate 1.5 mm; petals purple, glabrous, transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the
upper lobe oblong with the apex rounded, with an acute angle on th gin | the lobes, the
lower lobe smaller, narrowly triangular, acute; lip yellow, long-ciliate, bilaminate, the blades elliptical
with rounded ends, slightly concave, 1.2 mm long, the connectives broadly oblong, forming a narrow
y, connate to the base of the column, the appendix comparatively large, ovoid, long-pubescent,
— to a flat, oblong segment from the sinus; column stout, 1.5 mm long, the anther and stigma api-
Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in cloud forest east of Sigsig, alt. 2750 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13331 (Holotype: MO), southeast of Sigsig, alt. 2800 m, 13
Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13860 (MO); between Gualaceo and
Limén, alt. 2150 m, 14 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13884 (MO).
Vegetatively this species is similar to L. pteropogon Rchb. f. with the long-
pubescent, lepanthiform sheaths, and a narrow leaf with the inflorescence borne
along the back surface. The flowers, however, suggest a relationship with L. inton-
sa Luer: ovoid, slightly concave, long-ciliate blades of the lip borne by broad
connectives, and a hinged appendix. Lepanthes silenus differs in the long-ciliate
sepals and the acute process on the outer margin of the petals.
Lepanthes sobrina Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 141, 1987. ; =
Ety.: From the Latin sobrina, “a cousin,” referring to the relationship of the species to Le} ne
mucronata Lindl.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls weak, suberect, slender, 5-18
cm long, enclosed by 7-21 closely applied, minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. suborect to
spreading, thinly coriaceous, corrugate, ovate, obtuse, acuminate, 3.5-4.5 cm long, 15-25.
wide, the rounded base contracted into a petiole 1 mm long. pacar eee a congested, —
successively many-flowered raceme up to 7 mm long, bome on top ©
32 mm long; floral bracts sine bea eel pedicels 2.5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals light
orange-brown, carinate, broadly ovate, , apiculate, denticulate, dorsal
wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, salt:
mm; petals orange, long-pubescent, transversely bilobed, | mm long, 3.75 mm lobe tri-
a 4 aa is the lobes, the upper lobe oblong, truncate, er
angular, acute; lip red-brown, | ep gag AIRE
fingerlike, terminal lobules;
bilaminate, the blad ; nds
1.25 mm long, the connectives narrowly oblong, the body connate to
dix external, pedunculate, ovoid, pubescent, with a pair of pubescent,
column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Rr 1. .
piphytic in wet forest et of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, Ci vei oes e
. H. Dodson, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12407 (Holotype: MO), sait tr 2965 (MO). :
12369, 12376, 12412, 12415 (MO); west of Lita, alt. 800 m, 13 Aug. aerate
It is notable
This species occurs in the low wet forests of northwestern Ecwaikt:
for the thin, leaves with crinkly veins. The sepals are proad and denticulate;
petals are long-pubescent with a small, decurved lobule on the outer — iz
iangular lower lobe; the pedunculate
of the appendix
ween the truncate upper lobe and the trian
appendix of the lip is located on the external surface
is terminated by a pair of fingerlike processes.
The species was described from the smallest of those colle nn EES
‘The larger specimens were thought st that tine to repecseae aM = TT
>
158 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
sororcula Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 144, 1987. Fig. 221.
Ety.: From the Latin sororcula, *‘a little sister,”’ referring to the similarity of the species to L.
mucronata.
; roots slender. Ramicauls suberect, slender, 3-6 cm long,
aeeeerenci oun ins rap adh on: oray Im log: sepals ren whit ovate 40, entire,
subacute, the cepewipwratteas mm long, 2mm , the lateral
sepals oblique, 2.4 mm long, | Bee aot em patel nee minutely pubescen! cent transverse-
ly bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 2.75 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, obtuse, the lower lobe obliquely nen
obtuse; lip rose, minutely pubescent, t, bilaminate, the blades ovate, with the ends r ounded, 1 mm
swig
appendix ovoid, concave, pubescent, with a small, apical segment; column | Pie a at re
the stigma ventral.
1] piphytic in cloud forest south of Pifias, alt. 950-1000 m, 20 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer,
A. Hirtz, W. Flores 10677 (Holotype: MO).
Superficially, this species appears very similar to the common, widespread
Lepanthes mucronata, The narrowly ovate leaves are held horizontally by weak
stems, and the flowers are produced in congested racemes on top. Also as common-
ly seen in L. mucronata, two racemes may occur simultaneously, one borne by a
shorter peduncle. The sepals and petals of the two species are similar except that
truncate in L. sororcula. Instead of thin and adherent
over the column, the blades of the lip are more or less fleshy and held to either side
of the column.
Lepanthes speciosa Luer & Hirtz, re Sescemaraghan 67, 1992. Fig. 222.
Ety.: From the Latin speciosus, “splendid,” refe: the beauty of the flowers. é
sietnaad epiphytic, lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-16 cm long,
by 7-14 microcpieiy el ciliate, Cs pandas on Sin Same Leaf erect,
Soucucas with purple beneath, elliptical-ovate, i e, 3-8.5 cm long,
sively flowened ee oie ape ag aotans, succes-
Along Gea bauhcl Gs leek, 6s ees tons ey 5 Sliform pedacle up 3 om long, i eno
pedicel 2 mm long; ovary 2mm lng: sepals a TONE:
shortly
yellow, suffused a
late, broadly ovate, acuminate, the dorsal sepal 4 mm long, 3.3 mm wide, connate 1 mm
column, with i
, minute, pubescent bilobulate; column 2 , the
anther dorsal, the stigma protuberant, apical, narrowly transverse. uty
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest between T
ulcén and Maldonado, alt. 2050 m, 2 1984, C.
Luer, S. a
ee Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9884 (Holotype: MO); same area, alt. 2500 m, Nov, 1991, A. Hirtz 5622
This species is closely allied, allied, if not merely
a variation of the widely distributed
ee rhynchion. “se ay tno enn weston Colombia where
. ee sted er the area where the usual
rhynchion oscurs. Ley peciosa is distinguished from the latter by sheaths
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 159
of the ramicaul with dilated ostia; a more distantly flowered and longer inflores-
cence; broadly ovate, obtuse sepals; petals with the upper lobes concave below the
middle; and a protuberant appendix.
Lepanthes —— Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 452, 1993. Fig. 223.
Ety.: From the Latin splendidus, “splendid, elegant,” referring to the beauty of the species.
Plant small, epiphytic, or aa roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-15 mm long, enclosed
by 3-4 minutely ciliate, | lepanthiform sheaths eaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, subacute 17-22 mm long
A oi ce pet 6-8 mm. wide, the b E
A large
waar at “ia
psi peduncle 3 cm long; floral bract 2 mm long; pedicel 3-4mm Tong; soa Imm sehr lightly
ah sepals red-purple, glabrous, the dorsal sepal tri angular, acute acuminate, 9 ar alg? ay
tals yell porte;
cally pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm ‘long, 2.25 mm wide, the using ovoid, obtuse,
the lower lobe triangular, obtuse, i: smaller than the upper lobe; lip rose, bilaminate, the laminae
om subfalcate, 1 25 mm long, the bases rounded, the apices nalro narrowly parm
the connectives
1.5 mm long, the
ro apical, t the stigma vente.
+ wf BA.
Morana-Santiac. a8 at S eft - of a road
1900 m, 16 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13937 (Holotype: MO).
This remarkable species is characterized by the small vegetative habit and an
imposing, erect inflorescence of several, large, simultaneous, purple flowers. Unfor-
tunately, the only known plant failed to survive. It was found by Santiago Ortega in
the forest along the road under construction between M; d Guamote.
The broad synsepal is considerably larger ihe the acute dorsal sepal. The lower
lobe of the petals is minute. The blades of the lip are falcate, and the short, two-
parted appendix is held between the blades beneath the column.
Lepanthes stegastes Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 144, 1987. aay Fig. 224.
oe From the Greek oo, saan “one that covers,” in
the horizontal, leaves
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 20-25 mm long,
enclosed by 7-8 microscopi cally scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf , more or less hori ee
coriaceous, suborbicular, 7-8 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, th _ A tee aie
long. Inflorescence a very congested, distichous, successively og “ dicel 0.8-1
long, vy denticulate, the sepal 1.6 mm
: sling om ovary 0.8 mm long; sepa oe ovate, subacute, minutely ad thmekeg, |
—_ ° oe tek aon. 0.4
0.6 mm; petals purple, microscopically pubescent, transv
mate pane the lobes oblon ema ea eee
inate, the lobes ovate, 0.8 —— microscopically pube : ;
eile ene ee oe
some, ti connectives short, cuneate sn connate to the column at the base, long, the anther dorsal, the
obtuse. th conca’ . sag
stigma ventral.
Fal q d Coca, alt. 1200
Nan V3 $ th
riz
1985, C. het J. Luer, A. gr aig pip rape prea MO); same area, 18 Nov. 1984, A. Hi
2113 (MO); Hollin Loreto, alt. 1000 m, Nov. 1988, A. Hirtz 3921 (MO).
160 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
So far, this tiny species is known form only one locality, but because of its
diminutive size, it is easily overlooked. It is distinguished by the very small,
convex, orbicular leaves that are held horizontally. The minute flowers are borne
within the concavity beneath. The most remarkable feature is the concave, long-
pubescent appendix of the lip.
Stelidipetala Luer, sp. nov. Fig. 225.
Ety.: From the genus Stelis and the Greek petalon, “‘a petal,”’ in reference to the small, transverse
petals.
* . . . ass ae ‘
J z= Ls i
ik OR Ra ae oa ae . acta 1 at er ‘ ¢ 2 Develo’ Taholls
- * + m0 r >
size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3 cm long,
coven Smale lepanthiform sheaths minimally dilated at the ostia. Leaf erect, coria-
; ee ee vie. the base narrowly cuneate into a
sre de mm long. Inflorescence an erect, loose, distichous, successively few-flowered raceme up to
2 cm long, bome by a slender peduncle ca. (poco legacy iinet sartendghmmiten 0
carin:
sepal ovate, acute, en concave below the middle, 11 mm long, "75 mm wide expanded,
, oblique, connate 8
th mm long, 8 mm wide expanded, the apposi-
se ety na re minutely pubescent, reniform, obtuse, 1 mm long, 1.5
» th igh y ; lip red-purple, pubescent, — sub-bilami-
et heate with p ly d Pp arginal d g m long, the
te i me pe 7 2 me
IPE ag Chinchipe: epiphytic in for alladolid, alt. ca. 2000 m, collected by W. Teague,
CA. 13 Dee 1988, C. Luer 13838 (Holotype, MO).
This species was collected by Walter Teague in southernmost Ecuador along
the trail from Valladolid to Yangana i in 1975 before the construction of the road.
Since that time, it has fl Itivation in San Francisco. It is characterized
by the loose, few-flowered raceme longer than the leaf: large, cup-shaped flowers
with the synsepal with a bifid apex similar to the middle sepal; very small, reniform
tein and a bilobed lip with poorly developed, marginal blades embracing the
Strumosa Luer &
By.: Homie Lan armors “wih atc! mae oh 151, 1984. Fig. 26.
verse lip beneath the column. sig
‘jeemageane eee roots thick. Ramicauls slender, erect, iglecsions, enema
cnt, 1022. fg. 0m ee nents el : stem
4 Silla padhencds 4.40 ral bract 1 mm long; pedicel 2. ps aes bog. oo
a = ag; floral bract 1 mm mm long: ovary 0.5 mm long,
irregular wings; sepals glabrous, translucent light yellow or white, ovate ovate, carinate, acute, shortly
Syiseecreemnes ee 2.5 mm long,
mi long, 1.6 mm wide, the lobes ig pe : acest
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 161
Napo: forest between Tena and Baeza, alt. 2150 m, 29 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer &
J. Kuijt 9800 (MO); east slopes of Volcan Reventador, alt. 1850 m, 8 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11712 (MO); Guacamayo es of Baeza, alt. 1800 m, 18 Nov.
1984, A. Hirtz 2104 (MO); same area, alt. 1950 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
11247 (MO).
Pastaza: Mera, alt. 1250 m, Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2177 (MO).
Morona-Santiago: east of Gualaceo toward Limén, alt. 2150 m, 16 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13407 (MO), Cordillera del Condor, east of Chuchumbletza, alt. 1750
m, 21 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13570, 13575 (MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia: type),
Although first discovered in the Central Cordillera of Colombia, this little spe-
cies has been found locally on the both the eastern and western slopes of the Andes
of Ecuador. It is characterized by the small, weak habit with ovate, acuminate
leaves and a somewhat shorter inflorescence of a few small flowers. Most distin-
guishing is the tiny, transverse lip almost hidden beneath a larger column, like a
bow-tie beneath a fat chin.
Lepanthes stupenda Luer, Phytologia 54: 372, 1983. Fig. 227.
Ety.: From the Latin stupendus, “stupendous,” referring to the size of the flower.
Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots thick, sae oma slender, may
28 cm long, enclosed by 8-14 lepanthiform sheaths with microscopically ciliate stomal margins.
cm long, enclos dies epanthiform ‘op wis con bg, 2-53 cn wide, the
erect, thinly s, reticulated, elliptical-ovate, acute, acuminate, 5-15 em ton
broadly cuneate to rounded base contracted into a petiole 4-5 mm long. a cong
distichous ivel fl d -me up to 30 mm long, borne by a filiform peduncle 15-28
mm long behind the leaf: floral bract 2 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 2 mm long, narrowly
winged; sepals light yellow to greenish white, papillose-pubescent below the middle, the aims sepal
ovate, acute, acuminate, 16 mm long, 6.5- 8 mm wide, connate basally to the lateral sepals for 2.9 mm,
the late: acute, acuminate, connate 6-8 mm, 16 mm long, 10-mm wide ‘eget
petals yellow, edged in purple, transversely elliptical, bilobed, 1.66-2 mm long, 3-3.2 mm wide,
lobes triangular-ovate, obtuse, the lower lobe much shorter, lip white, edged in — Sa gi -
blades ovate-oblong, narrowly obtuse to acute, microscopically pubescent, 2.5-3 mm long, connec
tives broadly cuneate, the body broad, connate to the base of the column, the sinus “ arene
and membranous, bearing a minute, pedunculate, pubescent, bifid appendix; column ¢mm ong,
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
Imbabura: Selva Alegre, epiphytic in cloud forest, alt. 2730 m, 1 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A.
Hirtz 6042 (Holotype: SEL). teas
Pichincha: San Jun, alt. 3200 m, Oct. 1983, A. Hirtz 1310 (MO), La — alt. 2700 m, Nov.
1983, A. Hirtz 1414 (MO); Pelagallo, alt. 2800 m, 6 Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2163 ™ dee aay
iberia, alt. 7 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & A. Hirtz 1
Also Colombia (Santander).
This large species occurs locally in forests on the western slopes of the Andes of
northern Ecuador. It is identified by the congested raceme much shorter than
large leaf with an acuminate apex. The flowers are large, more than three arw
ers from the tips of the dorsal and lateral sepals. The sepals are pubescent n
below the middle; the petals are small and obtuse; and the blades of the lip are
ovate.
In the type-description the appendix was thought to be the membranous protru-
sion of the sinus, but later collections indicate that the appendix ie
culate organ at the apex of this membrane. The appendix no doubt
from the flower originally descri
162 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
an tencalacetl pgm nov. Fig. 228.
Ety.: From the L ti “a kiss,” tL, eh PP wm LP ten: Pp at, f the app diz
PL di i pit g inflorescentia 1 gif di 1 Lii ti
PENT palis ovati tis integris, petal lobatis, lobo superiore oblongo
MEF a est a ee oe 2" +. acuto, | Ln: P 1. P< tae (= + , connectivi
late cuneatis, Las di t = rit "os ai i s d lat . rt .7 ft ff t
Plant medium i epiphytic, it ts slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3-8 cm long,
enclosed by 5-8 ciliate, pen eda ‘sheaths with long-acum: inate ostia. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous,
suffused with with purple beneath, ovate, acuminate, acute, ea psa wean the base rounded or
,=
ly many-flowered
raceme up to 8 mm long, bome behind the leaf by | laladennde 15-20 mm long; floral bracts 1 mm
pedice’
ee oes Ge tice teal grok 212 mm long the
connectives broadly cuneate, eer eee Stems, Soy te
PE > p ciliate, terminated <a
rt; column | mm long,
ti! WPAN aap ey Gear aaee cones Lagann
1300 m.
20 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. a tae a W. tae 13502 hecla pale ian
(MO).
©
alt. 1000 m, June 1991, A. Hirtz 5546
Although n not particularly remarkable i in the appearance of the habit or inflores-
cence on a congested raceme behind an ovate, acuminate
leaf), the appendix is most unusual. As with many others, it is pubescent and origi-
nates from the protuberant margin of the body of the lip. On top of the margin a
cavity continues forward as a sulcus onto the appendix with two ciliate margins. It
is terminated by a decurved, pedunculate lobule that is in apposition with a long-
ciliate, inferior portion of the appendix.
Sulcata Luer & Hirtz, nov.
Fig. 229.
Ety.: From the Latin sulcatus, “ rs a tr: the 1 Pine See 3.24 fel, ie
Planta mediocris caespitosa, inflorescentia a a
sepali uis ovatis, petali transver k be - Bi ae lobo baal p : bliqu 1 oe, he inferi-
‘| 54 g * ae : . . * ice
oblonga bisegmentata t ial connectivis cuneatis, appendi
yrs en ae
M Toots numerous, slender,
5-11 cm long, enclosed by 7-10 1 iat pelea Ramicauls erect, mae r.
Scie ino pte ae hater napan dng prog the cuneate base
aba % ghey ; Inflorescence a congested, disti successively many-flow-
Ra, See 5, |
raceme up
1.75-
7525 mien fey ce ciliate; pedicels 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 1.5-2 mm long; sepals pi
elu fr rar cs tia cake al ase
long, 2.75-3 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm etals yellow laterall diall pa a hibed.
1.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, mi Ot eta, hs eteee
broadly ovate, ried wonerwanrranca ihag aah Sp comes
brous pumas d tsar the blades ovate with » longitudinally
_— with ape ln pure thegned i spe ee column,
mpl th. appendix oblong, pubescent, with a pair of minute, pu
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 163
Loja: epiphytic in forest north of Loja toward Saraguro, alt. 2700 m, 2 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer,
& A. Hirtz 12586 (Holotype: MO); east of Yangana, alt. 2500 m, collected by D. D'Alessandro 240,
flowered in cultivation at Predesur in Vilcabamba, 17 Mar. 1984, C. Luer 9560 (MO).
This very pretty, floriferous species has rather coarsely ciliate lepanthiform
sheaths, but the sheaths of some stems are lacking cilia. The leaves are ellipti
and the relatively large, colorful flowers are borne along the back surface of the
blade in a congested raceme. The floral bracts are finely ciliate, an unusual mor-
phological feature. The sepals are pinkish white, contrasting with the yellow and
orange petals and red-orange lip. The margin of the petals is indented between the
blunt lobes. The blades of the lip are longitudinally sulcate, and the bisegmented
appendix is adherent to the sticky surface of the stigma.
Lepanthes surrogata Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 42, 1987. “Fig 230-
Ety.: From the Latin surrogatus, “chosen in place of another,” referring to the modification of the
rostellar flap.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots filiform. Ramicauls slender, suberect to erect, 4-9
cm long, enclosed by 10-13 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf suberect, coriaceous, narrowly ovate,
acute, 2.5-6 cm long, 0.8-1.3 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 1-1.5 mm long. I a
congested, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up to 20 mm long, behind
filiform peduncle 10-20 mm long; floral bract 1 mm long, spiculate; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 2mm
long; sepals red with orange border, ovate, subacute, denticulate, carinate-spiculate, the dorsal sepal 3.5
mm long, 2.4 mm wide, connate to the lateral ser Js for 0.6 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, shortly
acuminate, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate 1 mm, petals red on the outer half, orange on the inner half,
ically pubescent, the lobe upper lobe oblong
with the apex broadly rounded, the lower lobe similar but shorter; lip inate, the laminae glabrous,
shiny red, lunate, concave, lightly adherent, 1.25 mm long, the connectives broadly oper the body
connate to the base of the column, the sinus transverse with a triangular ciliate i ne
0.75 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma apical, transversely bilobed, the overlying roste flap
oblong, truncate, ciliate
Morona-Santiago; epiphytic in cloud forest, Cordille
Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11910 (Holotype: M0).
Although not very different vegetatively or florally from many ate
species, L. surrogata is most remarkable in the morphology of the lip and column.
The smooth, semicircular blades of the lip are lightly adherent over the column.
‘oma located near the center of os the
ra del Condor east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18
).
The column is short, the anther and stigma loca
sinus of the body. The appendix on the margin of the sinus is triangular protruding
Located immediately above the appendix, and resembling 1t, 1S eg
rostellar flap from the floor of the anther cavity. This flap overlies ——
central portion of the transversely bilobed stigma between the lateral a
much as it does in many species of the genera Pleurothallis and Stelis. Thet a
flap appears very much like a second appendix. A bilobed stigma is knowl or
species of Lepanthes, and the rostellum is commonly lobed, forked, aac ni
pubescent, but in only two other species is the rostellum thought to be
take part in luring a pollinator. These other two species are
L. mystax Luer & Escobar and L. necopina.
164 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes sybax Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 231.
Ety.: From the Greek sybax, “like a pig,” referring to the snoutlike apex of the column.
iw serie le . - 9 mt hd, foli t tob i epalis
tis brevi inatis i gris, sepalis lateralit i is, petalis transverse oblongis apicibus
rotundatis, labelli laminis ellipticis, connectivis lat tis, appeadice 5 mein
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 4-9 cm long,
enclosed by 6-8 glab lepanthifi heaths with dilated, ciliate ostia. erect, coriaceous, suf-
fused with purple, narrowly ovate, acute, 3-5 cm long, 0.6-1.1 cm wide, the cuneate base contracted into
a petiole ca. 3 mm long. Inflorescence 1-6 subdense, distichous, successively several-flowered racemes
up to 35 mm long including the peduncle 3-5 mm long, borne behind the leaf; floral bracts 1.5-2 mm
icels 1 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals yellow to red-brown, carinate, entire, the dorsal sepal
ovate, concave, e, lightly inate, 3.75 mm long, 2.75 mm wide, connate to the lateral
sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, subacute, oblique, lightly acuminate, 3.5 mm long, 2 mm
wide, connate mm; petals orange with a red margin, or orange-brown, min transverse-
ly bilobed, 0.6 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the lobes oblong with rounded ends. about equal in length; lip
yellow to orange-brown, microscopically pubescent, bilaminate, the blades oblong, 1.6 mm long, the
aruree Be needs incnrved th jie MM, £. * L 1 hodv can PR pee ioe Tl -
the column, the sinus acute, with a Hl tri gul pically fF PP S
mm long, the anther and the stigma apical.
o
11.
A
zuay: epiphyti loud forest north of Cuenca, alt. 2900 m, 8 Feb. 1987, sepals red-
pay pom — J. Luer, & A. Hirtz 12734 (Holotype: MO); same data, sepals yellow, C. Luer et al.
This species is yet another in the group related to the frequent L. monoptera
Lindl. All are characterized by subdense inflorescences usually shorter than the leaf,
one-veined lateral sepals, and a snoutlike, apical anther and stigma. From the others
in the group, L. sybax is distinguished by the entire sepals; oblong, nearly equal
lobes of the petals; and a small, triangular appendix.
Lepanthes synema Luer & Hirtz, No : 452, 1993, ;
Ety.: From the Greek synaimos, si Sita to 2g - the Pin 04
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-7 mm long, en-
closed by 2-4 minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suborbicular, obtuse to
Cee eons iim long, 4-5-6 mm wide, the rounded base contracted into a 1 mm long petiole. Inflores-
idm few-flowered : , Up to2 goes Vowmee fein ben 2S a ee 1, le 2.10
mm long; 1.5 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm long: sepals yellon
iv
yellow, subcarinate,
thee d od ce lly, suborbicular, 4.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, with the rounded
F uptly C 1 8, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the later-
& sepals oblong, oblique, connate 3 mm into an oblong, bifid lamina, 5 nen long, 5 mm wide together,
obtuse, into tails 3 mm long; petals yellow, cellular. s y
— long, 4 mm the lobes oblong, narrowly obtuse: lip yellow, bilaminate,
abrous, oblong, 1.8 mm long, the apices rounded, the connectives cuneate, formi
d 2 nga
narrow body, connate to the base : :
poarch : - ee , the column, the appendix small, oblong, incurved, pubescent;
.
(= 5 e
Zamora Ch int ic i fj £ sh eT:
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10724 (Holotype,MO). oe ce ee
This tiny 'g-epiphyte of subparamo, elfin forests is closely related to several
— u Sympaltic species, e.g. L. caudata Luer & Escobar , L. floresii Luer &
Page ~_— Luer & Hirtz, L. paradoxa Luer & Hirtz, and L. vermicularis.
them L. synema is stinguished by the smaller habit; round, abruptly
Caudate sepals; and fat, oblong blades ofthe lip with a small, oblong appendix.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 165
— tachirensis Foldats, Acta Bot. Venez. 3: 348, 1968. Fig. 233.
ty.: Named for the Venezuelan state of Tachira where the species was collected.
Pi t ts slender. Ramicauls slender to stout, erect, 5-35
— nee ag a e tan, agit o uncilbeal orm sheaths with non-dilated ostia. Leaf
narrowly ovate-elliptical, acute, 5-9 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole
meres mm m long. Inflorescence a subcongested, distichous few- to many flowered 1 ae as to 30 mm
long, bome by a slender peduncle 10-35 mm long, 5-2 mm long;
pedicel 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 2-2.5 mm long; sepals light yellow, light tan, to white, minutely denticu-
late, ovate, subacute, slightly acuminate, the dorsal sepal 4.5-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, Seciad, con-
— to bai lateral sepals for 1-0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, diverging 180°, 4.5-5 mm long, 2-3.75
le, 1-veined, connate for 1 1 1 in, transversely bilobed, 1-1.5 mm
long, 3 LW 5 mm wide, the upper lobe ‘oblong, subtruncate, with a prominent, fingerlike lobule on the
inner, apical ae mii Se the lower lobe: smaller r, triangular, lip usually red or purple, ppamagien
Vehied -he: 4 £, $4 hile t
base narrowly ob obt antes 2 2.25 m mn langi th i hort, broadly caneate, the body broad, connate
olumn, th div emall ovoid } $n th + | | l
> cm »
anther dorsal, en stigma apical.
forest between Tulcén and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz
& W. Flores 11074 (MO).
ura: Selva ape alt. 2600 m, Apr. 1984, A. Hirtz 1681 (MO); same area, alt. 2600 m, 29
ow: 1984, A. Hirtz 1919 (MO).
chincha: West Corazon, alt. 3400 m, July a A. Hirtz 1869 (MO).
inees -Santiago: cloud forest east of the ee and Limén, alt. 2650 m, 16 Feb.
1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11835 (MO); ba alt. 2200 m, 8 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer
& A. Hirtz 12723 (MO); east of the pass east of Sigsig, alt. 1 7700-m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz et al.
13357 (MO)
Loja: along new road north of Loja, alt. 2700 m, 2 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12594
21 Mar.
Zamora-Chinchipe: cloud forest east of the pass between Loja and Zamora, alt. 2750 m,
1985. C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10710 aoe. same area, alt. 2650 m, te Rigen ped
J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11966 (MO); same area, alt. 2400 m, 19 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrém 4 = alg
(MO); south of Yangana above Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, "3 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Ht
rior eyo Veneta (Téchira: type) and Colombia (Norte de Santander, Antioguis, Choos, Quindio,
Narifio).
This species is frequent and widely distributed at high altitudes through the
Andes from Venezuela to southernmost Ecuador. Beyond a doubt it also occurs in
adjacent Peru. The ramicauls are tall and clad in pale, glabrous, non-dilated
sheaths. The inflorescence bears colorful flowers in a subdense raceme t “
equal the slender leaf in length. The sepals are acute and minutely denticulate 8
the laterals spreading in opposite directions. The characteristic petals sive provi
with a fingerlike lobule on the upper inner mar: gin of the upper lobe, wa
in the natural position. The blades of the a are narrow with the acute api
devoid of the blade.
Fig. 234.
Lepanthes teaguei Luer, sp ce at
Ety.: Named in honor of ae» SP voter, Walter Teague of San Francisco, Califomia,
i inato viore, sepalis intus glandulosis, laterali-
Pla: grandis foli bre’
bon incrvis, lis bilobis lobi » obtusis, labelli laminis ovatis, appendice protuberan-
ti 7s .—)
large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, slender, FO St ee cm long,
cco 7 9-16 closely glabrous, lepanthiform oor gheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous,
oe a yay mts REE him shee, Len et pile 39m ng.
166 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up to 3 cm long, bome by a
slender peduncle 3-5 cm long; floral bracts 1 mm long; pedicels 1-1.5 mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals
red, minutely ciliate, carinate, glandular-pubescent within, the dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, acute, 7.5
mm long, 5.5 mm wide, 3-veined, te to the lateral sepals for 2 mm, the lateral sepals c "
oblique, broadly ovate, obtuse, subapiculate, 7 mm long, 5 mm wide, 3-veined, connate 3 mm; petals
red-orange, minutely pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the upper
lobe oblong, obtuse, the lower lobe narrowly triangular, obtuse; lip yellow with red margins, minutely
pubescent, bilaminate, the blades ovate with the ends rounded, 1.5 mm long, the connectives and body
at th.
WHilil
> nan i or7r ‘J af
3
ical gland: col 1.5 mm long, the anther d 1
bo ; . 1g,
* a
Zz Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros, wet forest, alt. 1650 m, 21 June
1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14038 (Holotype: MO).
This handsome species was first discovered by Walter Teague in the company
of A. Hirtz and C. Luer, but not one satisfactory flower could be found. The exact
locality was successfully revisited the following year to find better material. Lep-
anthes teaguei is distinguished by the large habit with large, red flowers produced
in a congested raceme behind the leaf. The sepals are shortly pubescent within with
the laterals broad, obtuse and concave.
tectorum Luer & Hirtz, Li 2: 147, 1987. Fig. 235.
Ety.: From the Latin tectorum, “of roofs,” referring to the pair of blades of the lip over the coh
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-17 cm long,
enclosed by 8 10 tightly fitti g, lepanthif kL 1. . gl ee PF . pi ly scabrous
margins of long-acuminate ostia. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, suffused with purple beneath, elliptical-
ovate, acute-acuminate, 4.6-6 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the base broadly cuneate or rounded, contracted
i ¢, 4 id +. i a
erie aries b = he leaf by a filiform peduncle 2-4 cm long; floral bract 1.5 mm long;
*mm long; ovary mm long, costate; sepals pale yellow, broadly ovate, subacute, denticu-
late, low » the dorsal sepal 4 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the
lateral sepals oblique, shortly acuminate, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, connate 1.25 mm, petals yellow-
brown, pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1.75 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the upper lobe obl
. A " > > r ong,
Oblique, obtuse, the lower lobe -triangular, obtuse; lip bilaminate, purple, the laminae thin, broad-
ly ovate with dially, minutely pubescent, 1.5 mm long, held above the column
by marly ob long ae COMBOGTE ives, the body thick, bilobulate, pubescent, connate to the base of the col-
nally tripartite peatge een the rounded halves of the body, with a pubescent appendix, longitudi-
marci: types as 6 ; Column 2 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma
Napo: epiphytic in cloud forest near Cotundo, alt. 1000 i .
MO), C. Luer illustr, 10459, do, m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1860 (Holotype
This species, from the eastern declivity of the Andes, is very similar to L.
8rypha from an altitude 1000 meters higher on the western slopes. The former is
distinguished by the more oblong leaves instead of natrowly ovate, shortly pubes-
cent petals instead of long-pubescent, broader blades of the lip, a tripartite appendix
connectives
Lepanthes fectorum is also closely allied to L. reventador also from the western
declivities of the Andes. The flowers of the former are long-pedicellate and borne
behind the leaf, while those of the latter are short-pedicellate and borne on top of
the leaf, and the appendix is a minute filament.
a ee ee
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 167
— tentaculata Luer & Hirtz, sp. n
.: From the Latin tentaculatus, “with feelers,” ane to the filamentous tails of the petals.
Species haec L. calodictyonis Hook. affinis, sed petalis breviter ciliatis, et labello minuto glabro
cordato differt.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; ane slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, sler der, | 1.5-4 cm
thinly cori
long, enclosed by 7-9 shortly pu anthiform sheaths. green
with brownish or purplish reticulation, preci 18-25 mm sit 16-25 mm wide, the magne
undulate, rounded, the base b: y , Inflorescence a .
ly several-flowered raceme up to 3 mm long, borne on top of the leaf by a filif duncle 5-8 mm
long; floral bracts 1 mm long, echinate; pedicels Zz mm long; esei pte mm n long; sepals yellow to
ideas reflexed, obovate, obtuse, carinate, wi ciliate, dorsal sepal 3.3
mm long, 2.25 mm wide, free from the lateral sepals, the taal sap 3.3 mm dni 1.5 mm wide,
: pubescent, ciliate, transversely bilobed,
ong, 4.5 mm wide, the upper lobe ovate, oblique, with obtuse apex contracted int into a slender tail, the
lower lobe similar, the obtuse apex abruptly contracted into a filamentous tail 2 mm long; lip red to
purple, glabrous, transversely cordate, obtuse, 0.5 mm long, 0.7 mm wide, connate to the column above
heh middle; column 1.5 mm long, the anther apical, the stigma subapi
nara g ae cloud forest west of Lita, alt. 750m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
‘odson, A. Hire nzing & D. Bermudes 12387 (Holotype: MO); same data, various colors, C. Luer
etal. 12375, 1205, 2367 (MO).
This species is extremely similar to L. calodictyon, with which it grows inter-
mixed along with two other very closely allied species. In spite of its similarity to
the other species, L. tentaculata is easily recognized, it being the most frequent of
the clan in the area where it grows. The suborbicular, reticulated leaves; the long,
filiform processes of the petals; and the tiny, heart-shaped lip lip beneath the middle
the column immediately distinguish it.
Lepanthes teres Luer, Phytologia 54: 373, 1983. Fig. 237.
Ety.: From the Latin teres, “cylindrical, round ss section,” +» in reference to the leaf.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots very slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-4 cm long. en-
seennggeides ed by 4-5 close, lepanthiform sheaths, microscopically scabrous al ong the ri remorse
-purple, erect, Sachin: narrowly ovoid, terete, 25-35 mm ae: 3-5.5 mm set
llow sty pie gradually narrowed from above the base to the acute apex, the base cuneate into a
SF cgi Inflorescence an extremely cong gested, distichous, successively flowered ; Lom
—y — 1 = * . . me
ct 0.5 mm long; pedicel 0.5 mm long; ovary jo 5 mu ong 21s yellow-white with bright ed ma
gins, the dorsal oblong, acute, glabrous, s, 2.8 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate to P v0
Cn .5 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, obtuse,, coarsely ciliate, 2-5 — 1.25 mm agen
mm; el ; md
petals large, light yellow with red margins, transversely ery apatite oan wah
3.66 mm wide, the margin acutely angled at the midvein below the mi
‘ Jlow with red
ae b connie ly smaller, narrowly triangular, es Hp Yo onnded, the
margins, bilaminate, the blades oblong, 2 mm — the apex — nage ‘ix a subspheri-
the anther dorsal, the
connectives short, cuneate,
cal, Wileoed bony cercenczoand’ isn envy in the Sa column 1 mm long,
stigma ventral.
Luer, J. Luer & D.
_ Loja: epiphytic tn oud forssoth of Yanga, ak. 250,11 May 810 ie &
D Alessandro 6144 (Holotype: SEL); same area, alt 2400 1985,
W. Flores 10876 (MO).
This distinctive, little species is known from only ae gogo
Ecuador. It is easily distinguished by the ovoid-teret? pander See The upper
inflorescences. The lateral sepals are fringed; the dorsal -
168 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
lobe of the petals is proportionately very large; the lower lobe is narrow. The apices
of the blades of the lip are ciliate; the appendix is bilobed and fitted into a recepta-
cle in the body.
Lepanthes pag inet hae aes nov. Fif. 238.
Ety.: Named for Terpsichore, G f music and dancing
Plant diocri rE itosa, infl ti gest: secunda foliis s patentibus sulcatis
insidenti, P 7. mid A! Ce | + GK HRP »P tale @ TAL ed pe
lobo inferi ste tri lari, labelli laminis elabri bl i , connectivis Slee ancuste
- oc > ao o o bios —
. . . . .
Plant medi epiphytic, slender. Ramicaul b der,
3-11 cm long, enclosed rs 8-11 a sheaths with markedly dilated, minutely ao ostia.
Leaf spreading, with purple, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-
-ovate, acute, , 3.5-6.5 cm long, cd
. 4 1, sulcat nedlaly x, 1 mm
Infloresc. j ively y-fll Lie wp 8 25 see bog. “anit
slender peduncle 15-25 mm long, Ing in the sul top of th 1.5 mm long; pedi-
17.95 I + lick with light brown, a a
ly denticulate, the dorsal : obtuse, short] cute-acuminate, 6 mm long, 4mm wide,
sepal broadly ovate,
connate to merece pyr dod ne ene oblique, 7 mm long, 2.5 mm wide,
jariks nicotine , in apposition; petals green, suffused with brown on the
inner third, microscopically p y bilobed, ee the upper lobe
oblong, oblique, obtuse, the lower lobe 1 narrowly triangular, acut e; lip shiny greenish brown, sabes,
bilaminate, the cenafan ated concave, 3 mm long, the gg incurved, the connec
pas pees he ratic oe io,
small, tiangolar, with a pair of i pub lobules at the base; lum 2.5 mm long, the anther
apical, the stigma ventral.
Bil Ne.
F, h Fee ee f Pact “cvghiatage dated C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W.
lores, A. Andreetia eague (Holotype: MO); between Zaruma and Buena Vista, alt. 2400
m, 1989, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4217 (MO).
This species is similar in habit to L. manabina and its relatives with the thick,
heavy, dark green, more or less pendent leaves. The leaves are sulcate centrally
wherein lies the raceme with its flower. The denticulat ulate sepals are acuminate, the
upper lobes of the petals are oblong, the lower lobes triangular, and the blades of
the lip are narrowly oblong with incurved apices. Two minute, pubescent nodules
are at the base of the tiny, triangular appendix,
Big ay ade prcr ceaghalsers nov.
Ety.: Named for Thali mo Seen Fig. 239.
Planta mediocris debilis i inflo Satie aps DAUR A a ee nee ea ee
ovalo tenui breviore, sepalis ovatis obtusis, p. petalis tran Tab aes ap aes pid Sopa
é g' q Bae Reliaes dere srg Ge Ske be ce
is adh ntib append: + oh, es 1 Pa pee sae
”
ant medium in capillary. Rami erect,
ytic, caespitose; roots =
de 6-10 cm paar serady Rewer gf em “oer ae to
reticulated, suffused é
25 cm wide, te base oe b with purple beneath, ovate, acute, 3-4.5 cm long, 1.5-
successiv os peti flame Inflorescence a very —
25m ng ll rc 1S ng. inayat echinate; pedicels 3.5-4 mm long: ovary 1 mm long;
sepa ovate, obtuse, 3 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, connate to
dorsal broadly
ihe lnferal sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblong-ovate, oblique, obtuse, 3.25 connate 2
mim, 25 mm wide together, petals purple, shortly pubescent, transversely bilobed, 05 mm Ione, 3 5 man
SO a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 169
wide, with an acute apiculum on the outer margin ly triangular, oblique, acute, the
upper lobe larger, lip purple, bilaminate, the blades obovate, thin, adherent over the column, obovate, 1.4
mm long, the apices rounded, the connectives bray the body broad, connate to the base of the
column, the sinus obtuse, filled with a comparatively large, oblong, concave, pubescent appendix with an
apical, ovoid, lobule: column | mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma subapical.
i forest west of Lita, alt. 800 m, 13 Aug. 1986, A. Hirtz 2966 (Holo-
type: MO), C. Luer illustr. 13774.
This species is another of the many relatives of L. mucronata Lindley. It is
characterized by thin, reticulate leaves, weakly borne by slender ramicauls. The
flowers are borne on top of the leaf in a dense, long- -pedicellate raceme; the sepals
are entire and obtuse: the lateral lobules of the petals are reduced to apicula; the
lobes of the petals are narrowly pointed; the thin blades of the lip are adherent over
the column: and the appendix is large, oblong, and protruding beyond the column.
Lepanthes thylax Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 45, 1987. Fig. 240.
Ety.: From the Greek thylax, “‘a sack, or a pouch,” referring to the appendix.
Sm Lepanthes nambijae Luer & goer — 2: 138, 1987.
Nambija w
eollected
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender, Ramicauls slender, eee pitt mm long,
enclosed by 6-9 — ciliate lepanthiform rm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, suffused gehen
beneath, ovate 10-14 mm long, 7-11 mm wide, the rounded base
ed into 2 1 mm long peticle. Inflorescence a congested, successively few-flowered raceme 2-5 mm nog
bome behind the batty a filiform peduncle 2-5 mm long; floral bract 0. Pa eer pei 0613
mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals translucent yellow, glabrous, narrow ovate, acuminate, acute,
dorsal sepal 4. 45- 5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, connate to the lateral — rs ca. 0.3 mm, the ner
sepals 5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm; peta! tals yellow-orange e, suffused with red
ically t, transversely bilobed, subfalcate, 0.75-1 mm long, 2.6-4 mm mn wie the ope
lobe falcate-oblong, narrowly obtuse, * aa lower lobe shorter, triangular, narro narrowly
yellow-orange suffused with red at the base, laminae mi oblong
with rounded ends, 1-1. Suing, ees te, the laminae mic te body narrow, connal
to the base of the column, the sinus obtuse, thi e appendix extemal, oblong, saclike, membranous, pubes-
cent; column slender, clavate, 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.
B io oil fields, alt. 350 m, 9 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J.
ae A. ar arg Hirtz & W. Flores 11744 (MO). Zamora, alt. 900m, 20 Feb. 1986,
south of
f, + arnnnd the
Zamora-Chinchipe: trees along Rio Zamora W
C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embr Nghe & W. Flores 11950 (Holorype: = MO): a me pepe same
Zamora, alt. 1250 m, 22 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup & A. Hirtz 16117
area, alt. 1400 m, 24 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jes up & A. Hirtz 16146 (MO¥
del Condor, near Nambija, alt. 1200 m, Feb. 1985, A. A721? (ype of L. nambil 1550 m, 18 May
illustr. 11510; Cordillera del Condor, epiphytic in forest penne
1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & a Teague 13455, se (MO); same area,
m, 21 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & P. Jesup 14030, 14031 (MO).
This small species is identified by the ovate leaves, each beariaé i - a
undersurface one or two colorful flowers nearly as large as the leaf itselt.
sepals are long-acuminate, the petals are falcate, and the
long. The appendix is a minute, Loran bescent, oblong, the sac Pro”
attached to the external surface the body of the lip, the opening ©
scale scape one )
Fig. 241.
ee 147, 1987. ; in 1912,
Bty.: Zi Nomned for the mytebogicsl gins Ti el or the ocean ocean liner Titanic tht was Sunk
170 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Plant large, robust, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, stout, 20-43 cm long,
enclosed by 11-16 microscopically ciliate-scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous,
subacute, acuminate, 9-12 cm long, 4-5.5 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole ca. 1 cm long.
Inflorescence a distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up to 4cm long, loosely flowered near
the hase. A 3; 4 eee LL. b « P| £. 4. = ts 1 kK ion 4 ol
= * vue na the
Beet te , +, 4, tt. 2A 7 11 A 1
rt
ely p g; fl 2; P 1s 3 mm long; ovary 3 mm
long; sepals translucent yellow-green, ovate, acute, acuminate, entire, the dorsal sepal 7.5 mm long,
5.25 mm wide, the apex reflexed, connate to the lateral sepals for 2 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, 8.5
mm long, 3.5 mm wide, te 2 ; petals yell ith purpl gins, mi pically pubescent,
transversely bilobed, 1-75 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the upper lobe obliquely ovate, obtuse, the lower lobe
smaller, triangular, lip rose, bilaminate, the blades oblong, with the ends rounded, glabrous except for
shortly ciliate api 2.25 mm long, the connectives cuneate, forming a broad, thick , connate to the
base of the column, the sinus obtuse with a small, ovoid, pubescent appendix: column 1.5 mm long, the
anther dorsal, the stigma ventral. :
Bolivar: epiphytic in cloud f Fecundo Vela, alt. 2800 m, 24 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz,
S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9690 (Holotype MO).
Vegetatively this species is one of the largest, the stout, multisheathed ramicauls
reaching nearly half a meter in length, the total height with the large leaves well
exceeding half a meter. The flowers, only medium in size and not particularly
remarkable, are spaced distantly at the base of the raceme, but the far majority of
the flowers are congested in the raceme. The sepals are broad and shortly acu-
munate; the petals are bilobed with the lower lobes small and triangular; and the
oblong blades of the lip are supported by short, broadly cuneate connectives.
Lepanthes tortilis Luer & Hirtz, . NOV. Fig. 242.
Ety.: From the Latin tortilis, “twisted,” refering to th ly | tt nt Guat ’ :
li Planta parva debilis ' i inflo ty A153 1 > * 1 L a fo-
orum apice anguste longi-attenuato tortili, sepalis ovatis alis transverse lobatis, lobo su i
: : ; fortih, : is, petali . periore
oblique ovato brevi bescenti, lobo inferiore oblique tmangulari longiciliato longipubescenti apice
pike in : a: i dice ovoidea concava longi-
pubescenti. pubescenti.
Plant small, weak, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender Rami
> , cauls erect to suberect, very slender, 4-
10 cm long, enclosed by 7-12 closely fitting, glabrous lepanthiform sheaths, the ostia microscopically
sn ead, coat spreading, thinly coriaceous, suborbicular, the obtu i " 4: } 2 J
» attenuated, twisted Segment, the total length 25-37 mm, 10-15 mm wide, the rounded base
mm long. Congested, distichous, successively several-flow-
Cus. 7 . ye g l
pubescent, meng the red-orange, obliquely Ae , Narrowly obtuse, ~—
‘ microscopically pubescent,
Sst ot era tegen a
small, apical segment, with a tuft ‘Be e ndix oblong, concave, pubescent, with a
column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal ano he aPPENAIX on the external surface of the body;
hahnura -—_ s+ + Sergent mn
ce OF Santa Rosa and Cachabi, alt. 1250
19 Jan. 1987, C. rein co A. Hirtz, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12445 Siclcaype:
Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirts 15177 (MO) on Toad to Santa Rosa de Cachaco, alt. 1300 m, 19 Mar. 1991, C.
This frail, little species is characterized by i i i
: } s very thin, threadlike ramicauls;
a ee with a long, narrow, twisted apical segment; pubescent
petals Mean ices Of the lower lobes; and a bilaminate lip with an ovoid,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 171
Lepanthes tracheia Rchb.f., Flora 69: 557, 1886. : Fig. 243.
Ety.: From the Greek tracheia, “the trachea,” possibly alluding to the | hig SeonEas. Heme ei eae
£
Syn.: Lepanthes caucana Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 27: 159, 1924,
mall, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1.5-7 cm long, enclosed
by 8-12 iadoly ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf < erect, rigidly coriaceous, suffused with purple,
ovate to su icular, obtuse, slightly é , P
1-2 mm long. Inflorese congested , distichous, 1 -f1 10
long, borne behind the leaf = a filiform peduncle 8-12 mm and floral eps muricate, ‘Imm long;
pedicels 0.75 mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals y ellow, orange to dull red, den
broadly ovate, obtuse, 3 mm lon 4, Sion veined, connate to oir spl 075m te
lateral sepals broadly ovate, a subacute, 2.6 mm long, 3 mm wide, 2-v 0.5-1 mm;
Is red-orange, or orange with red borde y ely bilobed, Imm
long, 3.75 mm wide, the upper lot te with th t everted, the lower lobe red-
orange, oblong-triangular, obtuse; lip perpen to purple, r microscopically pubescent, neces the
blades elliptical, aN; > with narro arrowly rounded ends, 1 15 mm long, the
a narrow body, connate b h a large “alae. imu noe.
— appendix with a terminal, pubescent segment; column stout, 2mm long, the anther dorsal,
stigma ventral.
Sucumbjios: between La Bonita and Rosa Florida, alt. 1400 m, 14 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S.
Ingram 6 K. Ferrell-Ingram 2143 (MO).
chi: forest east of Maldonado, alt. 1700 m, 17 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, J. Del Hierro, A.
Hirtz & x Hirtz 15134 (MO).
Chaco, alt. 1400 m, Apr. 1984, A. Hirtz 1691 (MO); new road to Coca north of Archidona,
alt. 1200 m, 13 ri 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11239 (MO).
Lue Morens-San tlago: Cordillera del Condor, east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb, 1986, C. Laer J
irtz bed — oO
a Dawe t of Zamora, alt. 1500 m, 3 Nov. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer
& A, ree GEL. same area, alt. 1500 m, 20 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & pote
11959 (MO); Quebrada rada Honda, collected by D. D’Alessandro, flowered at Predesur in Vi
Mar. 1985, C. Luer 10956 (MO
Venezuela (Téchira), Colombia (Cauca: type) and Peru.
This species is widely distributed in the Andes from Venezuela into Peru, but
encountered only occasionally. It is characterized by the small, rigid, purplish,
broadly ovate, obtuse leaf subcordate at the base and slightly convex with a con-
Sested raceme of colorful flowers borne beneath. The sepals are coarsely denticu-
late. The upper lobes of the petals are uncinate with the apices pointed outward.
The blades of the lip are ovate and concave, and the appendix is large, pubescent
and oblong with a terminal gland.
244.
raph chase Luer, Phytologia 54: 374, 1983. et
Ety.: From the Latin trans, eee” aie thin, membeanous blades ofthe Hp
slender, 5-12 cm
Plant medium in size, ¢ ~— caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls suberect, suberect,
= t sheaths wi th markedly di ostia. Leaf
shop omencid neeparie soe Inflorescence oleae
of the leaf; floral bract Seg nie cae ep eine per
“ihinisae ce eee — is connate 2mm into an ovat, at
bifid lamina, 5.75 mm long, 4.75 mm wide, he soy slong, Lamon. 423mm Wise
with purple, mi microscopi pubescent oblong, 1.2 mm vt
Upper lobe oblong Scuiuekn the sed +8. em falcate, acute; lip east Pier ROSE
blades lunate, thin, membranous, scapes Sig =
i t, 1 at 2 tho bled. +h re % the body -} with a slender,
, , em | Ti.) 1. rw A inn Kh ee a Bid 1, ‘nokaciaan asso-
x
ciated with ppendage from the stigma; column slend , clavate, 2mm at it anther dorsal, the
stigma ventral.
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest above El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 17 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer &
A. Hirtz 6260 SEL); same area, alt. 3200 m, 6 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W.
et 11084 (MO); above La Esperanza between El Carmelo and Tulcan, alt. 3200-3450 m, 9 Apr.
979, B. », B. Lojtnant, U. - Molau & M. Madison 12057 57 (AAU).
Rio Negro, alt. 1150 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer,
A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11189 (MO).
Also Colombia (Cauca).
found occasi on the eastern slopes of the Andes from south-
This species,
ern Colombia and northern Ecuador, is similar to the frequent L. contingens found
in southern Ecuador and much of Ecuador. The two concepts are very similar and
might be merely two variations of one species, but the lips are either notched or
entire without intermediates being seen. Lepanthes transparens is distinguished by
the entire, lunate blades of the lip instead of narrowly oblong and strongly angled
on the inner margins below the apex.
trimerinx Luer, ob. frac 374, 1983. Fig. 245.
Ety.: eg aaa “three-,” a bristle aia a tance needa tae ts
minute, epiphytic, caespitose roots proportionately fleshy. Ramicauls 1-2 mm long, enclosed
by ziairlenag ak ee and margins. Leaf siert, innlacpes, cligtic obtuse,
€-Smm long, 4mm wide, the tae canal int petile mi long Tak Inflorescence a congested, few-
Jone: ovary 0-75 mm long, ribbed; sepals yellow, ovate, 2 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, ab gee ‘the
P 1.5-5 mm long; petals yellow,
tad wih, minutely pubescens masonry See 1.75 mm wide, the r lobe
narrowly triangular, obtuse, the lower lobes smaller er, triangular, acute; lip red with yellow margins,
Pubescent, 4-lobed, (‘“H-shaped”), 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the halves transversely oblong
d the mania Posterior lobes, the posterior lobes embracing the , the base
shes beetaenn ee ince ol i middle, with a minute apiculum in the
S; 8, the anther and stigma apical,
Pastava-
alt. ca. 1500 m, collected
Mes Wn enn ava ation pelt ae
Lepanthes L = :
By Nand te Rag ey: 1511987. ig 2
= Sem re et
rd tr ar Senay
Seana ease wenn eae
i i Sg are
SK eS
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 173
petals yellow-orange, suffused with ted sig seneneeree ge transversely bilobed, 0.8
mm long, 3 mm wide, t very short, trans-
versely triangular, oblique, obtuse; lip purple, tlaninate the blades narrowly oblong-ovate, 1. 6mm i
microscopically pubescent, the a ogee dues
body broad, + +h ;* a as PP - W _ oblong, ae
cent; column 1.5 mm long, the anther dorsal, th the stigma ventral.
pes of Volcan Tungurahua, alt. 3000 m, 11 Nov.
1984, A. Hirtz 2090 we MO), C. Luer illustr. 11512.
This species occurs at altitudes over 3000 meters above sea level in central
Ecuador where it is probably endemic. It is distinguished by the dark, coarsely
pubescent, lepanthiform sheaths, and a congested, distichous raceme with a medium
sized yellow flower; acute sepals with the laterals deeply connate; — witha
long-pointed, upper lobe and a very short, oblique, broad lower lobe. The appendix
is short, oblong and pubescent.
a adem Luer & Dalstrém, ee Fig. 247.
the Latin unijugus, “with a pair pr eo * referring to the bilobed leaf.
1. ant oi-arnminatis
Diente sever dole Splice telnluce hes Se oS ek . eT
lL: L e riety 4 g a. £. 4% 2. ae Ean ; +" tis ciliatis pubescentibus, petalis
transverse bilobis, labelli laminis ovoideis api te obtusis ciliatis appendice bipartita intricata
ciliata inibus interiorib 1 diap
o
1. lomnam
f
Plant small to medium is size, —— caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls very slender, weak,
suberect, 5-10 cm long, enclosed by 8- microscopically scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths Leaf spread-
lig ox hedlncatal: Gael cickos date at the base, cordate at the apex, abruptly
into a slender, linear apical segment 20-25 mm long, the lobes suborbicular, 10-12 mm long, 18-21 mm
wide across the two lobes, the abruptly acuminate “base terminating ina petiole 1 mm long Seale
cence a congested, distichous, successively mm long, borne on top
€ attenuated segment of the leaf by a slender peduncle 15-20 mm long; floral bracts 1 mm long; pedi-
oblique, acute, 3 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 2-veined, connate 1.2 1.2 mm; petals purple, c ae
transversely bilobed, 0.9 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the lobes unequal, the upper lobe lip
apex obliquely truncate, th te er lobe narrowly oblong; ie!
purple, , the b indes glabrous, ae ae tk tle apices narrowly obtuse, ciliate, 1.2 mm lon,
connectives cuneate, forming a narrow body, connate to to the base of the column, the sinus acuts;
with a complicated, Toenie pea with "sats tnt segments; column 1 mm long, the anther
stigma apical.
Imbabura: epiphytic wet forest, Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 2,100 m, 26 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T-
Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1798 (holotype, MO).
The leaves of this species are unique in the Pleurothallidinae. Lense
clover, the thin blade is produced into a pair of rounded lobes above the cordate
base. From incurved margins the apex is abruptly contracted into a si ee
segment considerably longer than the basal lobes. As in other leaves of Lepanthe
the tip of the apex is three-pronged. The ramicauls are very
The congenet cacone te Benne ontop ofthe lea by a pda long than te sa
basal lobes so that the flower is borne about midway Ja ngage _
segment. The sepals are ovate, ciliate and pubescent, petals ae
bilobed; and the blades of the lip are ovoid. The appendix is unusually intricately
sculpted with two brush-like segments.
174 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
urania Luer & ae vt nov. Fig. 248.
Bry: Named for Urania, G f ast y, Suggested by the rounded, moon-
like flowers.
DI + as: he? a: ow at tin £35. > «: . Pe ee |
ees if = ted Cee Pe ad , lobis oblongis ie q cL. . +. p
eolen: perp iti labelli ] inis indisti comnectivi latis, sinu 4 te inci PP ndice
pubescenti.
‘Winns aca te + slender. Ramicauls erect, stout, 5-18
cm long, ealosed by 10-15 mina eins lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, ellip-
tical-obovate, subacute, acuminate, a pg 3.5 cm wide, more ft
base, the 3 ‘ ly many flow
I by 22 mm | long, bome behind the leaf: floral
so bata cia 2 wae as 2-3 mm pes ovary 2 mm long; sepals translucent light
yellow, entire, carinate, carinate, the dorsal sepal broadly triangular-ovate, obtuse, shortly
-acuminate, 4 mm
ein Wenuncna ise e the lateral sepals ovate, acute, oun 4.5
man bong, 2-5 mee wide,
led ends, bilobed, 1 mm long, 4 mm wide, the upper lobe slightly
ow than the lower lobe, the upper lobes overlapping above age colzma; lip orange, red medially,
the laminae indistinctly d
slightly concave, 15mm long, the connectives broadly cuneate, the the body broa |, C0 connate to the base of
the column, the sinus incised, ciliate, the appendix ovoid, pubescent; 5 odie fecha, the anther and
stigma apical.
Carchi: east of Lita, epiphytic in f h of Rio Mira, between Guallope and Pasambas, alt. 900
m, 16 Feb. 1996, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 6291 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 12920.
This species is apparently renascde in lowland western Ecuador. It is
characterized by a large habit with obo ate, acuminate leaves that are more or less
convex basally with the congested sah eee sere borne on the concave back side.
The sepals are transparent with broad, acute apices. The petals are transversely
oblong e column. The blades of the lip are
indistinctly demarcated, being broad, flattened ends of broad connectives. The
body is broad with an incised sinus, and an ovoid, pubescent appendix.
— a paar ss 151, —. Fig. 249.
as Fees Goo Come -like petal,” 1 i lobe of
[2 a
'o large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-12 cm long,
cached by ©11 merece sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, ellipti-
cal, acute to ST acuminate, 5-7 cm long, 15-25 cm wide, the bse Gmeat o or rounded,
into a petiole 1 mm long. a congested, di:
nie bars spr hea byw filform peduncle 15-30 mm lng, al acs Coe
ovary 1.5 mm Piece c yellow, carinate, dorsal ovate- “4
lar, mo 4mm wide, 3 ok ma weet soon
with red at he oe, » obtuse, 4.5 -5 mm long, Pi come gend 2-v vsinod, cao? mar, pelts yellow ve cree
lobes
than 2 mm long, ; lip pi hildeke ate —_
narrowly bts, Le hg he eomeete ae eel Pubescent, oblong, with the ends
iseusten cae the sae With the appendix oblong, ciliate with a a terminal, inflexed
ee VCATai,
Pichincha: westem declivities of Pichincha, near Mindo, alt. fameson 45 (Holotype:
W); above Tandapi, lt 2600, 8 Ap. 1984, A. Hirtz 1635 (MO), bahia —
Imbabura: Selva Alegre, a. 2600 m, 29 Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1915 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 10506.
Gimme ee Zafiag, alt. 2300 m, flowered in in cultivation in Sain, Roc 1990, 4. lanes 2727 @40),
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 175
This species occurs on both slopes of the Andes of northern an central Ecuador.
It is distinguished by a congested raceme borne behind an elliptical, acuminate leaf.
The sepals are obtuse, and the most distinctive feature is the long-acuminate upper
lobes of the petals that exceed the dorsal sepal. The lower lobes are less than a third
as long. The blades of the lip are oblong and the appendix is bisegmented.
een urotepala is similar to L. papyrophylla, both having been collected
by Jameson and described by Reichenbach. The latter differs with acute, acuminate
lateral ii and narrowly triangular lobes of the petals about equal to each other.
Lepanthes uxoria Luer & Hirtz, sp. no Fig. 250.
Ety.: From the Latin uxorius, “‘of the wife,” aie to the discoverer of this species.
Planta narva Paaentaca M #1 +; a raramncoe +. my ho rhi latie converxis
breviore, sepalis late en inute denticulatis, F lis t se lobatis, lobis i moog oblique
ti labelli 1 ini inut b tib
x
a sate ciliata saccata.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1-2 cm long, enclosed by
= minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf spreading, suffused with purple e beneath, a
icular, convex, 10-12 mm long, 10-12 mm wide, tiole
+ 5 mm long. a ke
ro Inflo successively
leaf by a slender peduncle 4-6 mm long; flo aoe 1 mm long; pedicels 1 mm long; ovary 2
mm long; sepals yellow, minutely denticulate, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, ovate, obtuse or subacute, the
sides more or less recurved, 4 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, connate to to the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral
sepals ovate, oblique, acute, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, c mm; petals orange, mi
t, ly bilobed, 1.5 mm long between the lobes, the lobes triangular,
acute, 2-2.25 mm long; lip red, microscopically pubescent, bilaminate, the blades ovate, convex, with
narrowly obtuse apices, 1.75 mm long, the connectives short, broadly cuneate cuneate, the body narrow
to the base of the column, the appendix pubescent, a deeply saccate, the apex protuberant,
-ciliate; column 1.5 mm long, the anther apical, th
Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Condor, epiphytic in cloud forest east mae alt. 1500 m, 18
Feb. 1986, C. = J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11907 (Holotype: MO)
Only one plant of this colorful little species was discovered by Jane Luer.
Several subsequent searches have failed to produce another. It is easily
by the small, round, convex leaves with the flower bome beneath; yellow, minutely
denticulate sepals; orange, forked petals; and a lip with a saccate appendix with a
protruding apex.
Lepanthes vaginans Luer & Hirtz, Novon 3: 454, 1933. Fig. 251.
me Saene eeaeias column covered by the lip.
: an slender, 5-8 cm long,
in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect,
enclosed by 8 ng PRD occa aE lepanthiform sheaths with dilated ostia. Leaf erect, cova.
ceous, elliptical, narrowly obtuse, 3-3.5 cm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, to hee ca ne Sse
mm long. Inflorescence a loose, Semmes , successively several- to many-~ flowered raceme up
horter, , bilobed, the lobes
column, with Setine mca: ‘connate to the base of the column, the sine
narrow with a small, oblong, pubescent column 1 mm long, the anther and the
176 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Carchi: epiphytic in cloud forest east of Maldonado, alt. 2300 m, 17 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz,X. Hirtz & J. Del Hierro 15156 (Holotype: MO).
This species has features that seem to ally it with several diverse groups. The
loose, flexuous, successively flowered racemes begin flowering while much shorter
than the leaf, but continue to flower until much exceeding the leaf. As may as four
flowers are often produced simultaneously. The small sepals are coarsely dentate,
and the laterals are one-veined. The petals are minute and slender. The lip is bi-
lobed without any development of marginal blades. The lobes are obcuneate and
sheathe the step agama A rudimentary appendix (or middle lobe) is present in
the sinus between the lobes.
vatrax Luer, abe es ce 376, 1983. Fig, 252.
Ety.: From the Latin vatrax, “ clubbed foot,” in reference to the shape of the appendix.
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-4.5 ee: enclosed
by 4-5 close I ths. Leaf erect, coriaceou ovate,
acute, 27-43 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, the ba ly int petiol ca Caen bee ae
peduncle 12-15 mm lng upthe back ofthe la floral bract E 25 ma lg, cia pedicel and ovary
i 44 ovate, acute, 3 mm long
sseas ill anattonny to -mosaigs para ane the lateral sepals yellow, ovate, oblique,
acute, connate 1.3 mm, 2.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide together, each 1-veined; petals yellow, suffused with
purple, passin oblong-bilobed, 1 mm long, 2.66 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong. with the apex
with the obtuse
rounded, the lower lobe narrower, lip orange, bilaminate, the blades ovate, 1.3 mm
hort, very broadly cuneate, connate to the base of the
rored aati pendent, ecld ibe bilobed gland near the middle of the undersurface of
sae
Zamora-Chinchip , tr 4 Seer tae ‘“ Pare
tikdtines Sank © Looms sere rane
t, alt. 1100 m, D. D’ Alessandro 120
This species is known from only the type-collection. It is distinguished by the
narrow leaf with a shorter, subdense, lightly flexuous raceme. The ovate sepals and
transverse petals are not remarkable, but characters of the lip are distinctive. The
apices of the blades of the lip curve under the column and the appendix, located
externally on the body, is pedunculate and bilobed.
Lepanthes velata Luer ci acting pe ea 108, 1987. Fig, 253.
Plant in size. epinhviic casei a ‘
enclosed by 11-13 dark brown, mi oe Ramicauls slender, erect, 12-18 cm long,
long petiole. Infloresceane ony Acute: 5-7-5 em long, 8-13 mm wide, the base cuneate into a 2 mm
Ge ee a eee ngest i, successively several-flowered raceme 10-18 mm long,
He ecieLs ‘ : ova so eres g; floral t 1.5 mm long, carinate, enclosing
PRE ERG — 2 I Tl suffused = 18. ed-bro as ete ok be
poner “ee u ir, acute, 5 mm long, 4.25 mm wide, to the lateral
spl frm, oe om oer as acute, connate 2.5 mm, 5 mm long, 4.75 mm wide
wide, the lobes subequal, oblong, BS! ly pube t, transversely bilobed, | mm long, 3 mm
Sarena, he nines minutely pabescet te. 1.75 an _. —
cuca mcs fv i moe ae youre
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 177
Morona-Santiago piphyti a eee t east of th pass b Gual d Limon, alt. 3180
m, 16 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11803 (Holotype: MO).
Vegetatively this species is similar to L. monoptera with which it is sympatric,
but the flowers of L. velata are more closely spaced. The length of the rachis
between bracts is slightly longer than the short pedicels. In addition, the sepals of
L. velata are entire instead of denticulate, and the appendix is a minute, bilobulate
organ on the front surface of the body of the lip. As in all these related species, the
lateral na are single-veined.
conspicuous feature of this species is the pair of petals mostly hidden
behind rie eee: of the lip. The upper lobes cross above the lip in all flowers
examined, a feature often seen in buds and aging flowers of some other species, but
uncommonly in the natural position in fresh flowers.
— vellicata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 254.
rom the Latin vy, £ cathe f the Acfi, ts £ ol,
ellicatus, “pinched,” ing app
aoe of the ]
Planta mediocris caespitosa. infl +3 gesta foli llipti
cato breviore, sepalis ovatis acutis ciliatis, batis, lob pr ora tobo
inferiore oblique | late triangulari, 1 leahall ht het, ' Lek 1
Plant medium in siz , slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 5-15
cm long, enclosed by 8-15 si ese 965 sheaths. Leaf erect thinly coriaceous, elliptical, acute,
the blade deflexed ae the — 5-8 em cng 1.5-2.5 cm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole 2-2.5
i an
column, the sinus protuberant with a small, deflexed, ovoid. put t app
ismincinnkdecign ee
Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet forest west of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz, C. H. Dodson, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12419 (Holotype: MO); same data, C. Luer et al. 12382
Also Colombia (Chocé).
This species is related to the Panamanian L. pachyglossa Luer and the western
Colombian L. troglodytes Luer & Escobar. All three are relatively lowland species
Characterized by the deflexed sides of the base of the leaf, imparting a “pinched”
appearance. Lepanthes vellicata differs from the other two in having ciliate sepals,
those of the others are glabrous. The appendix of L vellicata is minute, deflexed,
Ovoid and pubescent.
vermicularis Luer, Phytologia 54: 376, 1983. snc we
Ety.: From the Latin vermicularis, “wormlike,” in reference to the
enclosed
very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, 10-15 mm long,
“Copy aunypindora eepareae Bat Leaf thinly sepia
suberect,
obtuse, 10-13 mm 2-3 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, cuneate below into the petiole.
Oo
178 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Infl ively | cm long including the filiform
purl onl er? mn npc 3mm lng ovr mln Sepas pl orn ge, carinate-
mm long, tho doceal sepal
serrulate, ov
concave, 6 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral ls for 0.5
connate 2 mm, 6.5 mm long, 3.75 mm wide together, the margins irregularly serrulate; petals red-
orange, , bilobed, 0.8 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, the upper lobe elliptic with the apex
rounded or earlike, the lower lobe shorter, narrowly oblong, obtuse; lip red-orange, bilaminate, the
blades oblong, 1.25 mm long with rounded ends, minutely ciliate, the connectives short, narrowly cu-
neate, deaths Poem connate to the column at at the base, the > appendix glabrous, cylindrical, incurved,
“—
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest south of the pass sige pega ling a , alt. 2600 m, 3
Mar. 1982, C. Luer, D. D'Alessandro & S. Dalstrém 7122 (Holotype: SEL), s th of the pass south of
Jimbura, alt. 3050 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 12017 (MO ).
This little species is rarely found in the high-altitude forests of southern
uador. It is recognized by the loose, flexuous raceme much longer than the
leaves. The sepals are shortly caudate; the rounded, upper lobes of the petals are
prominent; and the appendix is stout, glabrous and incurved.
vespertilio Rchb. f., eee Cneeecene 1: 143, 1856. Fig. 256.
~ sbxadgee)cisamnbis ccggpyeatbe £ sha Infl
& Escobar, Phyt logi ZA.Q2L 6, 1983.
Ety.: From the Greek kasmos, ‘ *an omament,” eferring t a ics is
o re
ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to
silscsel "ste Getee psscaseroke 9 dnehow age y scabrous, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf
Peernienieer rica bare ovate, obtuse, 2.5-6.5 mee myry 4 3 cm wide, the apex long-acuminate,
Auge. ed petiole 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence a very congested, suc-
7 -
up to 2.5 cm | ee ee
pubes-
back of the leaf. th infl
cent; pedicels 0.5-1 long; 1.5-2 mm lor
-l mm ovary 1.5-2 mm long; sepals redo yellow, motel ah ort-ciliate, ovate,
acute to subacute, the the dorsal sepal 4.25-5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm,
2
, decurved-si ad convex, pubescent, with a
prensa pect sions ghers een haa Space haa the shaft slender, the anther
wvtus BT lise et “eet rest south ah oar ype tear gil 1984, C. Luer, S. Dal-
area, 985, C. Lue
ne Om Se BH “Liter, J Lner & A. Hirt 15208 (MO) Hirtz 11110 (MO); same
meat «ils nase oe eee mW) t locality, W. Jameson 96 (Holotype: K); “Peru,” W. Jameson
de Lianganates, alt. 3200 m, 20 Jan. 1939, E. Asplund 9803
Pastaza: Rio Zuliag, ak. 200m, Fob. 1990, Hirtz et al. 4857 (MO). she
oe “i eorogen alt. 2700 m, 15 May
Chigninda, 2100 m. 5 Feb. ong : eague 13359, 13361 (MO); SE of Sigsig. road to
Sigsig and Chiguinda, alt. 2600 m, 11 Ang’ 1990 1 Molau, B. Eriksen & M. Fredrikson 2963 (GB), between
oct ps in vey, my
pain collecting was carried out. Reichenbach described the species
1962, es eee an 0 Kew, Although it was found again in
identity was not realized until 1984 when more plants were discovered.
Se te ee ee eT
q
E
ie
a
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 179
The plant is recognized by the broad, abruptly long-acuminate leaves topped by a
long-pedunculate, congested raceme. The distinctive column is long and slender.
Although the appendix was mentioned by Reichenbach, it is not seen on the draw-
ing of the sepals, petals and lip on the type-sheet.
ei riema via-incarum Luer & Hirtz, L indleyana 2: 151, 1987. Fig, 257.
Ety.: Named for the “Inca Way” (way of t g which this speci
was discovered.
Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots thick, fleshy; Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-11 cm
long, enclosed by 7-9 pale brown, minutely ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, cel
cal, subacute, shortly acuminate, 3.5-5 cm long, 1.5-2.4 cm wide, the rounded or broadly cuneate base
contracted into the petiole 3 mm long. Inflorescence a conges ested, dis distichous, successively soveral-
flowered raceme up to 7 mm long, |
bract 1.25 mm long; pedicel 1.25 mm long; ovary 1. 5 mm long; sepals yellow, ovate, subacute, entire,
the dorsal sepal 6.25 mm long, 5 mm wide, connate ~— sas
oblique, 6.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, connate 2 mm; petals orange . a purple border,
nas bilobed, 1. 3 mm long, 3.75 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong with the apex rounded, 1 the ee
lobe smaller, oblique, triangular, narrowly obtuse; lip purple, bilaminate, the blades oblong, 1.8 mm
long, microsc ically pubescen t, both ends rounded, the apex ciliate, the the connectives short, from below
blades, te to the column at the base, the body broad with the sinus obtuse, the
appendix minute, bilobulate; prac be the anther dorsal, the the stigma ventral.
Azuay: Patacocha, above Hda. Tarqui, alt. 3050-3100 m, 29 Jan. 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriksen & M.
Fredrikson 2763 (GB).
Zamora-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. ~~ ~“
J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10853 (Holotype: MO); above above Valladolid toward Yangana,
Feb. 1985, G. Harling & L. Andersson 21459 (GB).
This species is not remarkably distinct, but it is distinguished by combination
of common characters. The habit is average, and the smooth, sats flower of
average size with purple bordered petals is not unusual. The blades of the lip are
cae with the rounded apices ciliate, but the most distinct feature is the minute,
ilobulate appen
anthes rongiporm de & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 155, 1987
an Ety.: From iy aes whisker” daa eu 5, 1987, sesh pein.
stout, erect, 15-20 cm long, enclosed by
Plant large, epiphytic, caespi coarse. Ramicauls me ihinly
12- Pr vreahas ig oie ace Te with dilated ostia. Leaf a petiole 3 mm long. In-
acuminate, 9-10.5 cm long, 4.5-5 cm wide, the rounded base contracted into » Pom long, bone behind
congested, distichous, successively many~ sedicels 1
the leaf by a slender peduncle 3-4 cm long; floral bracts 2:mm long: inate, the dorsal sepal 9 mm long,
> Sepals yello utely denti ovate, acute obli i
Cm wie comatose Sm he nl Ey es, mms,”
wide, the lobes obliquely and narrowly triangular, acute, the uppeF ©. ong, the connectives
bilaminate, the laminae shortly pubescent, subovate, convex, obtus ie ciliate appendix with a
cuneate, connate to to the base of the columa, -* as :
hilohnlet
Nea a, anaes % a¢ ee ee an Dance 2250 m, 13 April 1985, C. Luer, J.
Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11263 (Holotype: MO).
Also Colombia (Antioquia).
ba
180 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Although long-pointed lobes of the petals are present in several species, this
species differs from the others in the large habit and congested racemes. The large
sepals are minutely denticulate and acuminate. The minutely pubescent blades of
the lip are longitudinally convex. The appendix is pubescent and minutely bilo-
bulate at the :
sp ys ascirgceaerite nov. Fig. 259.
Ety.: From the Latin volador, “ ft the #1 =e y Ce a, ee
Species haec L. calodictyonis Hook. affinis, sed foliis multiminoribus, pedunculo foli ‘a
il flore minore, F tal ee ae } a lehall, oe eee eer
ig, enclosed by AK eaf suberect,
coriaceous, green with brown reticulation, orbicular, pay ages 6-8 mm wide, the margins
psabips. cee pn eRe Inflorescence a congested, distichous, +, successively several-flow-
ered raceme up to 4mm long, bome on t d d th
mm long; floral bracts 0.5 mm long, echinate; pedicels Imm long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals —
yellow, reflexed, obovate, acute the margins sparsely short:
mm long, 1.5 mm wide, free from the lateral sepals, tela sepals 25 mm on, 1.25 mm ic
pee dung very small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, slender, 5-15
L thinly
connate 0.1 mm, 2 y bilobed, 1 mm long, 3
mm wide, the upper lobe triangular, oblique, with with acute ape apex contracted into a slender til, the lower lobe
oblong with the end rounded, with a short, slende ite eee ae lip
pine cgay aoe dearer aap paren 09 mm long, 0.9 mm wide, the the base
to fle: column 15
earthen sa ar
Esmeraldas: epiphytic in in cloud forest west of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, C. H.
Dodson, A. Hirtz, D. Benzing & D D. Bermudes 12374 (Holotype: MO).
This tiny species is closely allied to L. calodictyon, but distinguished easily by
the very small ngs with a very small flower protruding beyond the apex of the
Rchb.f.,
“7 re ~a me gle ~ 1855. oe Fig. 260.
= Lanes dro a On order — 1983,
4-8 minutely epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1-7 cm long, enclosed by
subacute to cbenes sheaths. Leaf erect, suffused with purple, thickly coriaceous, elliptical,
Inflorescence a eed cg) ie bat online int apt 1-2 mm lng
by a slender duncle 3-10 05-125 Towe.'2 8 mm long, bome behind the leaf
1-2 mm long: Sepals yellow, variously suffused with red
shortly acuminate, 35-5 mm long, cand wi the dol spl ovat to obovate, obtuse,
oblique, acute sometimes shortly acuminate, 2.5-4.5 mm long, ncaa
Yellow or orange, variously suffused with red, minutely |
eee
i a al
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 181
Pastaza: north of Mera, alt. 1350 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11265
O).
Tungurahua: Volcan Tungurahua, alt. 2200 m, 1984, A. Hirtz 1611 (MO); Volcan hat
above Baiios, alt. 2700 m, 27 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrom siden r & J. Kuijt 9767 (MO); Baiios,
alt. 2000 m, Feb. 1984, A. Hirtz 1553 (MO); Volcan Tungurahua, alt. 2200 m, Feb. 1984, A. Hirtz 161]
(MO); guava trees along Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m, 28 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Hoijer & J.
Kuijt 9775 (MO); ‘came Rio Verde and Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m, 12 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.
Hirtz & W. Flores 11174 (MO).
Morona-Santiago: between Sigsig and Chiguinda, alt. 2600 m, 11 Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz 5058 (MO);
southeast of Sigsig, alt. 2800 m, 13 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega
mig (MO); between Macas and Guamote, alt. 1500 m, 26 Dec. 1994, A. Hirtz ).
quay: south of Cuenca toward Saraguro, alt. 3000 m, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt
9538, fee (MO).
Loja: above San Pedro, alt. nine 7 Feb. 1983, S. Dalstrim 495 (SEL, type of L. dalstroemii), C.
Luer illustr. 9071; new road north of Lo; ja, alt. 2600 m, 2 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12576
(MO);between Loja and Saraguro, 4 Nov. 7 1988, W. Teague 101 (MO); south of Saraguro, alt. 3000 m, 6
Feb. 1993, S. Dalstrom, T. Haijer & H. Wanntorp 1857 (MO); east of Yangana, alt. 2400 bee 22 Mar.
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, rA A. Hirt riz & W.. Flores 10815 (MO); ~ spt Vi alt. 2000-2400 m, May
1985, D. D’Al 5 (MO)N ana, alt. 2300-2500 m, 2 Apr. 1985, G.
Haring ¢ oka E. Andersson 2351 4 a
Héijer 1100 00 (MO). SOEs
Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia (Norte de Santander: type, Santander, Boyacd, Antioquia), and
Bolivia (La Paz).
sh of Timbura. alt. 2800 m, 24 Jan. 1986, S. Dalstrdm & T.
This species is frequent and locally common in its wide distribution in the
Andes from Venezuela into Bolivia. Although it is variable both vegetatively and
florally, it is usually easily recognized. The leaves are s mall, thick, elliptical, and
suffused with purple. The inflorescence is short and behind rant lead. The flowers
are colorful with various combinations of yellow, orange, red and purple. The
sepals are very shallowly connate, and sometimes y acuminate. The petals are
very variable in size and shape, in no two populations being the same. The lip,
however, is easily recognized by the oblong blades that are longitudinally channeled
or concave with the obtuse or truncate apex more OF less recurved. The appendix is
longitudinal and boat-shaped on the external surface of the body and extending
forward beyond the sinus. It can be recognized easily y from a lateral view when
blade of the lip is lifted.
The vegetative form describe
elliptical leaves borne by aici ramicauls.
das L. dalstroemii is considerably larger with
Lepanthes xenos Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 38: 32, 1987. his Nee 261.
Ety.: From the Greek xenos, “a stranger, referring to
coarse. Ramicauls erect, robust, 16-25 cm tall, enclosed by
acute, acuminate, 11-14 cm long, 4-
av
Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots
13-15 ciliate, lepanthiform onm sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate, acute,
.5 cm wide, th poe Pe 4-5 mm long. re sa
congested, distichous, smaera sane Fced rceme up t 20mm lng, bore behind the om
ee to 30 mm long; floral bract ract 2 mm long; pedicel 1-5 mm mam long; ovary 2 mim ons: SP
tay spa a e mong 5mm wide. amid adherent
=e lateral sepals for | mm, the lateral sepals ovat, 0 , oblique, 1 mm ong, 4. selasccene
conve huis eaten apices caudate, incurved; Sn se th purple borer,
pera t, transve: mm long, 4 mm wide, 3-veined, the spp
; lobe, with a transverse, callus
‘ ; i blades oblong, 2-2 mm
ip white with purple border, microscopically PUD=#SS TS af ofthe aes
i 4. 4 pee
~ hind th Ai 5 “4 gulag oA oo her apical with a long, protaberant anther-bed,
1.5 mm long with the stigma beneath.
182 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
phytic in forest, G yo Range, alt. 2150 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores
-Chinchipe: epiphytic in cloud forest above Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 17 March 1984, C.
, 8. Dalstrim, T. T. Hoijes J Kuijt & D. D’ renegetrta 9582 (Holotype: MO); same area, 24 March
1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10942
Vegetatively this species is indistinguishable from most of the other large spe-
cies of the genus, but the unique flower immediately identifies the species. The
caudate lateral sepals are concave with their back surfaces touching, the lower lobe
of the petals is minute, and the elongated rostellum protrudes from between the
lobes of the lip. Br Pa Xenos has been found in two widely separated areas of
the eastern slopes of the Andes.
Napo: epi
11264 (MO).
Lepanthes ximenae Luer, py 377, 1983.
:cuador, who has participated in ica
Plant caespit Ramicauls slender to stout, erect, 5-9 cm
lon, enclosed by hye lagpamreram sheaths. epost coriaceous, elliptical, acute, lightly
4-6 cm long, 1-1.8 cm wide, cuneate below i , ca. 3mm long. Inflorescence a
asin RTOS » successively flowered raceme up to 20 mm long, bome by a filiform peduncle 10-
mm f the leaf; Aneacbaes
sepals orange, crag gabos, he rl pal iangul, cu, 3.5 mm long, 3.1 mm wide, conna te basally
pantera bea , oblique, acute, 3.5 mm long, 1.75 mm wide,
mm; petals orange wi with red margins, transv ersely oblong-bilobed, 1.3 mm long, 3 mm wide,
do opr be pica wis te sea mck et lone subfalcate, obtuse; lip red, bilam-
inate, the blades glabrous, ovate, 1.5 mm long, the apices acute, the bases rounded, the connectives
broadly cuneate, the the body broad, connate to the column abov above the base, the appendix minute, extemal,
tae Sy rereieaeeneieme and stigma apical.
£. Dz
Jatunyacu west ena, alt. 600 m, 21 Feb. 1982, C. Luer &
— Hirt 6015 Uheloere Seay ); along Rio Cascales east of oes 1986, C. Luer,
J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores Pre a rae acest of Lamba, between Archidona and Coca, alt. 1000
m, 17 Feb. 1990, S. ecg dears
jong Rio Topo, alt. 1400 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 1870 (MO); north of Mera, alt. 1000 m,
13 Oct. 1984, A. Hirtz & C. Dodson 2021 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 10510; along Rio Pastaza east of Rio
Negro, alt. 1150 m, 12 Apr. 1985, pine Luer, A. Hirtz irtz & W. Flores 11191 (MO).
between
and Y; alt. 1989 m, A.
Hirte & X. Hirtz 4370 (MO), C. Luer illuste. 14713, ee SE one 2%
This colorful species occurs in forests on the eastern sl
opes of the Andes of
Ecuador at relatively low altitudes. It is not distinguished by a single, unique char-
ramicaul; a congested, distichous inflorescence .
shorter than the leaf; broad, obtuse
; large, lobes of the i
upper petals; ovate blades of the lip and a
Baretta yo Yeneyana 2: 108, 1987. Fig. 263.
caclonedby I goes sire cheat: iecihcaas Ramicauls slender, erect, God soit
elliptical, subacute, acuminate acuminate, 2 sheaths. Leaf erect,
contracted into the petiole 2-3 n ecatlthegina 15-18 cm wide ee ee eee tate
raceme up to 15 mm long, bome behind the leaf’ “ge
Seer Tae aie eae: -12 mm long; floral
mm long; pedicel 1 mm mm long; ovary 1 mm long; sepals yellow white cvers ieee: eadie,
Sa eS
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 183
carinate, the dorsal sepal 4.75 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, comate to Se heel aa a ae
— oblique, 4.75 mm long, 2 mm wide, 1 1-veined, connate 1.5 mm; petals yellow with a thin, purple
border, mi pically pubescent, transversely bilobed, 1 mm i 3 233 mm wide, the lobes about bout equal,
oblong with the ends rounded, v 2)
bilaminate, the blades ovate, 1 8 mm long, microscopic nin platy 3 poanyaleiesal ps narrowly
the base rounded, the connective: es short , broad, connate to the column at ‘is Seon, tho books Mead
with the sinus obtuse, shortly cleft, the appendix oblong, pubescent; column 1.5 mm long, the anther
stigma apical.
: epiphytic in cloud forest above Yangana north of the pass, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
is ber A. Hi Hirtz & W. Flores 10899 (Holotype: MO).
Chin bove Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer,
J. Luer, or A. .Hirtz , & W. Flores 10917 (MO).
This species is related to the narrow-leaved L. monoptera, sharing the short,
subdense racemes and single-veined lateral sepals. The sepals of pole cad
leaved L. yanganae are entire and the apices of the petals are ats Feel
while the sepals of L. monoptera are denticulate and the lobes of the lip are narrow-
ly obtuse.
Aecovered.
Lepanthes zamorensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. Nov. _ Fig. 264.
Planta ediocris, i i su —
anta mediocris, fl ta foli
4 ad eae coal die petalis perigee
go, — inferiore alas labello t bilaminato, la lemmas glabris tenuibus oblongis supra columnem
s slender, erect, 15-7
Leaf erect, coria-
medi 7 dilated ostie.
um in size, €
1.5-4.5 cm long, 0.9-2.5 em wide,
stichous, succes
Plant small to piphytic, caespitose, roots slender.
cm long, enclosed by 5-12 ciliate, lepanthiform sheaths with ris
ceous, suffused with purple beneath, ovate, acute, lightly acum
the rounded base contracted into a Lanse 1-3 mm long. Inflorescence pee 8-12 mm long
sively several-flowered raceme, 10 mm or more long, bome behind the ae ose; sepals
or longer; floral bracts 1- cprpad: omaha ae 1 mm long; ovary + mm :
yellow, suffused with brown or purple, denticulate-fimbriate, carinate externally ee oa
dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, acute, acuminate, 4.5-6 mm long, 3-4.5 mm
lateral sepals for 1 mm, the eel sepals ovate, oblique, 5-6 mm long, ;
apices acute, acuminate into tails 1.5-2 mm long; petals orange with red margins, euigitrad
pubescent, transve:
ely bilobed, 1 mm long, 3 mm wide, the upper lobe lobe suboblong, yellow suffused
macnn af ths pueres the lohes the lower lobe triangular MP i
-2 mm long, the apices
with red modially, bilaminate, the blades dasa oblong, 1.5 : that is concave at the base;
column 2 mm long, the anther podaarg et stigma ventral.
tn; 4 Zamor, at. 2000 m, 25
Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. nk P. a a 4 the pets? (Holotype: MO), eas 0039 (AAU
ween Loja and Zeerora, alt’ 2030 m8 Mar. 1989, B. Ollgaard, J. Madsen & I. oC one C kaer.J_ La,
epiphytic in forest south of Zamora, above Rio Jamboe, alt. 1550 m, 22 Tes oe Luer et al. 16104
es Jesup & A. Hirtz 16098 (MO); same area, alt. 1400 m, 22 Jan
Famora-(‘hi
This species is related to L. chorista which is also known to occur it
ince of Zamora-Chinchipe. Lepanthes zamorensis differs in aed the lip. The lobes
denticulate sepals, and the larger petals that are are not oblique above lobe of the lip
of the petals of L..chorista are obliquely short-rectangular, ee and columns
of L. zamorensis is oblong while the lower lobe is triangular.
are very similar to those of L. chorista.
184 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Lepanthes zunagensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov. Fig. 265.
Ety WT. if. Dz = = eL p k 4 was discovered.
Planta parva, inflorescentia agesto folio ovat inato breviore, sepalis late ovatis
minute denticulatis, petalis labelloq berrimis, petalis glabris transverse bilobis, lobo superiore
all, ag 2 + a : ee, MU Sa . g 1 i, 8 Te pot < planis apice minute ciliatis,
Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1.5-2 cm long, enclosed
by 6-7 minutely ala. | ea mL a L, nr ae 1 ae
P Leaf erect, coriaceous, ovate, acute,
acuminate, 3 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, th ded t bruptly contracted into a petiole 1 mm long.
ti bome on top of the
gested, y 1-fl i to 4 mm long,
leaf by a slender peduncle 11 mm long; floral bract 1-1.5 mm long: pedi Pi Sa hag: Wey Lean
long; sepals white, broadly ovate, subacute, minutely denticulate, the dorsal sepal 4 mm long, 3.5 mm
wide, 5-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm, the lateral sepals oblique, connate 2.5 mm, 4
mm long, 4.5 mm wide together, each 3-veined: petals dark red, glabrous, transversely bilobed, 1 mm
long, 5 mm wide, the upper lobe oblong, the apex oblique, narro ly obtuse, the lower lobe triangular,
narrowly -_ : mee + PE 1a ; lip eRe 1, bilaminate, the lamin gl h , ovate, flat,
abel aes t th mares t the base, 1.75 mm long, the connectives narrowly cuneate,
narrow, connate to column, the ix longitudi bisegmented, scent;
column I mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral ogeiiaiaats sis
Pastaza: north of Topo, epiphytic in forest along Rio Zufiag, alt. 2200 m, 23 Feb. 1990, A. Hirtz, S.
singer i Arnby, J. Del Hierro, E Astorga, S. Ortega & J. Cabezas 4723 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer il-
: This species from the eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador is most
similar to L. deficiens Luer & Escobar from Colombia. The habit is small with
markedly dilated ostia of the lepanthiform Sheaths. The flowers with intensely dark
red petals and lip are borne in a short raceme on top of the leaf. The sepals are
broadly Ovate and minutely denticulate. The petals are large, longer than a sepal.
The lip is bilaminate with a longitudinally biseg 1 dix.
a
thes zygion Luer, Phytologia 54: 378, 1983. Fig. 266.
Ety.: From the Greek zygion, *‘a little yoke,” referring to the blades of the lip surrounding the
Plant small. epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 3.5-6.5 cm long,
‘orm sheaths. Leaf suberect, thinly cori
enclosed by 7-10 close, lepanthifi
oeeate tamnate, acute, 18-28 mm long, 9-11 mm wide, the obt b Se 2 mm long
by a faifemnorescence a congested, distichous, successively flowered raceme up to 15 mm long, borne
aE P 8 0.75 mm 1 dicel 2-3 mm long; ovary 1.25
mm long, winged; sepals yellow, suffused with red-brown V calieaks; the dociel scpat timagular-
ovate, acute, shortly 3.5 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, connate 0.6 mm to the lateral sepals, the
the aa Pals ovate, oblique, 3.6 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connete for 0.6 cnc i inate,
margins minutely > petals , transversely
: shorter, narrowly oblong,
; ~subfalcate, | mm , Obli ing the
si ens atin aging ana
oe Oblong, pubescent, from the under surface of the sinus; column 1 mm long. the
Pichincha: epiphytic in cloud forest above Mindo alt. 2000 :
#731 (Holotype: SEL); old road between Chis ; m, 11 Nov. 1979, C. Luer & A. Hirtz
7 = and i :
Luer, A. Hirt, S. Dalstrim, T.Héijer & J. Kup ony O40 mines alt 1650 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C
Por a cite Y on the western slopes of Mt. Pichincha. It is identi-
long-pedicellate infloreccc, ne oe in length by a congested, distichous,
petals are obliquely truncate; andthe sepa saminates the upper lobes of the
the appendix being small and blades of the lip clasp the column,
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 187
188 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
5 cm
190 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 191
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 195
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 51. Lepanthes columbar
oe, ee ee
Fig. 54. Lepanthes conjuncta
Fig. 53. Lepanthes confusa
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 201
eT re ea tan ee ey ae ae Pee lay eee cal - 7
eae a ey
2 mm
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 203
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
5cm
Fig. 86. Lepanthes eriocampa
Fig. 85. Lepanthes embreei
eae Ne ee ae ere wie ea
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
~
Soe re
—
oF
AF
Ny 2 ae
Fig. 94. Lepanthes fiskei
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 209
210 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 112. Lepanthes helcium
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 213
214
Fig. 118. Lepanthes homotaxis
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
218 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
3mm
\
yemaeenatiowten go”
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 219
Fig. 139. Lepanthes kuijtii
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 147. Lepanthes manabina
222 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
—_,
Fig. 152. Lepanthes melpomene
224 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 163. Lepanthes nanegalensis
Fig. 166. Lepanthes nematostele
Fig. 174. Lepanthes orion
5
:
5
x
:
g
Fig. 179. Lepanthes papallactae
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 184. Lepanthes pentoxys
234 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 235
236 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
QT
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
Fig. 211. Lepanthes scapha
238 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 216. Lepanthes series
Fig. 219. Lepanthes silenus
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
241
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
--
atest jinnenatsehighiniivabimnininsinti
Fig. 232. Lepanthes synema
244 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 242. Lepanthes tortilis
Fig. 241. Lepanthes titanica
Fig. 244. Lepanthes transparens
Fig. 243. Lepanthes tracheia
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 245. Lepanthes trimerinx
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
247
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Fig. 260. Lepanthes wageneri
2mm
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 251
Fig. 265. Lepanthes zunagensis Fig. 266. Lepanthes zygion
252 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
REFERENCES
Dresser, R. L., 1981. The orchid | history and classification. Harvard University Press, Cam-
e,
Dresser, R. L., 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family. Dioscorides Press, Portland,
OR.
Luger, C. A., 1986. Icones Pleurothallidinarum I. Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. Syst.
Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 29-34.
Luer, C.A., 1993. N f L th Jor. Novon 3: 442-454,
Lusr, C. A., 1994. Icones Pleurothallidinarum XI. Rhee Bei
Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 1-50.
SCHLECHTER, R., 1921. ik Kordill Ill. Ecuador.
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 1-34.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR
253
INDEX TO SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Draconanthes 6, 10 Lepanthes 14, 48, Fig. 34.
abbe: 12 calypso 1, 23, 49, Fig. 35.
bufonis 10 campodostele 15, 50, Fig. 36.
Epi ovale 6 camptica 1,25, 50, 84, Fig. 37.
Lepanthes 1, 2,3, 4, 6, 45, 84, 163, 173 capitanea 16, 17, 51, 70, 75, 77, 156, Fig. 38.
subgen. Brachycladium 6, 10, 11, 12, 13 carinata 27, 52, Fig. 39
subgen. 3 cassidea 20, 52, Fig. 40.
subgen. Marsipanthes 6, 11, 12, 13 cauda-avis 1, 23, 53, Fig. 41
sect. Diplocheilus caucana 171
sect. Fawe ean 6 caudata 16, 53, 85, 92, 108, 164, Fig. 42.
sect. Haplocheilus 4,6 caudatisepala 12, 26, 27, 54, 68, Fig. 43
sect. Lepanthes 6.7, 13, 18, 170 celox 23, 55, Fig. 44.
sect. Macroc 6 cercion 149
sect. Rendlelepanthes 6 chelonion 67, 88
subsect, Bilabiatae 1,7, 13 chimaera 26, 55, Fig. 45.
ste Breves 1,7, 13, - 177 ista 22, 56, 80, 183, Fig. 46.
subseci 3, chrysina 5, 27, 56, Fig. 47.
ser. in 7B, 14, 7 ciliaris 10
ser. Elongatae 7, 13, 15, 170 ciliicampa 1, 22, 57, Fig. 48.
ser. Fil = clandestina 13, 57, Fig. 49.
ser. Lepanthes 7, 13, 170 clarkii 1,22, 58, Fig. 50.
ser. Mucronatae 1, 7, 13, 17 columbar 13, 43, 58, 97, 139, Fig. 51
absens 1, 24, 28, Fig. 1 complicata 89
acarina 1, 15, 28, Fig. 2. condorensis 26, 59, Fig. 52.
, 29, 38, Fig. 3. confusa 21, 60, Fig. 53.
aculeata 19, 30, Fig. 4. conjuncta 24, 60, Fig. 54.
adelphe 1, 15, 31, Fig. 5. contingens 23, 61, 24, 172, Fig. 55
aeora 16, 31, Fig. 6. corazonis
i 18, 32, 130, Fig. 7 corkyae 16, 62,75, Fig. 56.
8. cornualis 14, 62, Fig. 57. °
9
barbatula
barbelifera 1, 19, 41, 48, Fig. 23.
i 24, 42, Fig.
bates 7,13, 4, 9,97, Fi 25
bifaria 1
biloba 2, ys is 43,78, 100, 119, 133, 134, Fig. 26.
binaria 25, 44, Fig
bituberculata
calliope 1, 25, 46, Fig. 31.
callisto 20, 47, 110, Fig. 32.
calodictyon 2, 48, 19, 41, 150, 167, 180, Fig. 33.
dipteryx 10, 34
disjuncta 21, 72, 80, 82, Fig. 74.
1
dodsonii 19, 72, Fig. 75.
i 121
drymocharis 10, 130
dunstervilleoram 11, 26, 73, Fig. 76.
echinocarpa 10,
echo 17, 74, Fig. 77.
effusa 11, 16, 17, 51,70, 74, 156, Fig. 78.
z
Lepanthes ejecta 20, 75, Fig. 79.
elaminata 20, 76, 81, Fig. 80.
HI
40, 120
electilis 17, 43, 76, Fig. 81.
elegantula pg ey Se
23, 77,
g- 83
elongata 7, 17, 43, 100, 78, Fig. $4
Fig. 85
erepsis 10
g. 109.
4, 92, Fig. 110.
stypha 21, 23,92, 141, 142, 146, 166, Fig. 111.
ium 20, a
helcium 20, 93,
22, 93, 128, Fig. 113.
Fig. 114.
ee:
ll
hirsutula 21, 94, Fig. 115.
hirtzii ere Age tin Bost
hispida 1
hoeijerii ‘14,96, Fig FLT.
13, 43, 59, 96, Fig. 118.
horribilis 1, 19, 97, Fig. 119.
26,
hystrix 14,98, Fig, 121.
ictalurus 15, 99, Fig. 122.
=
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
lupula 1
lycocephala 19, 111, Fig. 143.
maccombiana 1, 22, 112, 144.
macropoda 11, 124
macrotica 1,11, addenda 3, Plate 26.
macroura 11, 122
magnifica 26, 57, 113, Fig. 145.
113,
mammillata 1,27, Fig. 146.
manabina 11, 19, 114, 7 168, Fig. 147.
mastix 17, 115, Fig. 148.
11
ra 2, 22, 123
metaxy 17, 43, 44, 119, 133, Fig. 156.
i 11
micropogon 11, 116
millet 74
1, 23, 119, Fig. 157.
tor 25,27, 40, 47. 100, 120, 124, Fig. 158.
pasate 7, 12, 15, 87, 120, 164, 177, 183,
. 159.
morleyi 1. 14, yen Fig. 160.
mucronata 2,7, 10, 11, 17, 36, 61, 98, 122, 137,
139, 146, i IS], > 169, Fig. 161.
muscula ig ig
mystax 126, 1
nambijae 11, 1”
nanegalensis 11, 17, 124, 147, Fig. 163.
narcissus 1, . 164,
ortegae 1, 18, 132, Fig. 175.
oscillifera
otara 15,31, 132, Fig. 176.
ovalis 6,7
otostalix 11, 43
oxypetala 17,44, 133, Fig. 177. .
pachyglossa 177
pachyrhiza 11,88
pan 1, 24, 133, Fig. 178.
59
Papallactae 17, Ogi Fig. 179.
27, 134, 175, Fig. 180.
paradoxa 16,135, 164, Fig. 181.
LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 255
Lepanthes pecunialis 24,71, 136, Fig. 182.
pelyx 1, 18, 136, 142, Fig. 183.
anny 11, 43
ilis 11
pnvoxys 17, ght Fig. 184.
peperomioides |
perdita 1, 24, Bi Fig. 185.
—, 15, 138, Fig. 186
plectilis ‘ 2A, 139, Fig. 187.
rachis 14, 139, 18, Fig. 188.
plumifera 24, 140, 89.
ae * 12, 143, 1
polygonoides 12
eich 19, 140, Fig. 190.
porcula ert
porphyrea
— < i Fig. 191.
Tobe 1, 20, 141, Fig. 192.
atk 12, 54
protuberans 1, 20, 142, Fig. 193.
2
pteropogon 12, 24, 73, rt 157, Fig. 195.
pubes 19, 144, Fig. 196.
pubescens 19, 37, val 89, 144, Fig. 197.
quatemaria 27, 1 g. 198.
thynchion 14, 147, 158, Fig. 2
cina 1, 26, oe 148, Fig. 204.
aod ae
rotundifoli
mudicula 1, er 149, Fig. 205.
stelidipetala 1, 16, 160, Fig. 225.
Lepanthes
steyermarkii 59
stramosa 15, 160, Fig. 226.
trachysepala 12
transparens 23, 62, 171, og 244.
trimerinx 14, 172, Fig. 24
troglodytes 177
tungurahuae 26, 119, 172, Fig. 246.
66
unijuga 1, 20, 173, nig
urania 1,26, 174,
2 = 119, 13, ee 249.
velata 15 176, Fig. 253.
velifera 1
vellicata : Ss Ph Fig 254.
area 16, 108, 164, 177, Fig. 255.
espertilio 10, 20,75, 140, 178, Fig. 256.
heeanaes 179, Fig.
— 179, Fig. 258.
villosa 1
volador 1, 19, 41, 48, 180, Fig. 259.
wageneri 10, 23, 24, 180, Fig. 260.
Pleurothallidinae 173
a. 1, 112, 163
Salpistele 50
Salpistele dielsii 10
pensilis 11
oi 4 112, 160, 163
2
vicboasiiax chamabepentias 10
Pi ee | * bd t ys +
re eo ? S 4 - Ps by ee i . -
4 . , » ‘2, ‘ 7
‘ . a cx .- ~~ <j E
#)
aT. ! : A ipl aaa alee see
et Fo
cic oo
2g oe any
ADDENDA TO BRACHIONIDIUM, LEPANTHES subgen.
BRACHYCLADIUM, PLATYSTELE, PLEUROTHALLIS subgen.
AENIGMA and subgen. ANCIPITIA
ABSTRACT
The following species of Brac rachionidium Lindl., Lepanthes Sw. w. subgen. Brachy-
cladium Luer, Platystele Schltr., Pleurothallis R.Br. subgen. Aenigma Luer, and
subgen. Anc
New species:
Brac hionidium ingrami Lact & Dalstim. sp. no.
nthes macr &
Pleurothallis Luer, sp.
Pleurothallis panica Luer & Dalstrémn, Sp. NOV.
The following five species have been discovered since the most recent additions
to their respective genera in Icones Pleurothallidinarum. The plates are numbered
as continuations of their respective sequences in the Icones Pleurothallidinarum.
Brachionidium ingramii Luer & Dalstrém, sp. no
Ety.: N pnidium ingramli pe eam, co-cllzcrof his speci.
Species haec B. lehmannii Luer similis, sed pedunculo brevissimo, labello denticulato papilloso callo
basali subnullo differt.
Plant small, epiphytic, ascending 1 oe 2 cm tall, the ; j
cauls, enclosed by 2 imbri shi , ai momperatively thick, from nodes
con’
mm long, 3.75 mm wide, 3-veined, the apex subacute,
versely cordate-ovate, 2.25 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, with rounded lateral Cader ar
denticulate, apiculate, the shallowly
ded cine i a soc, bg beso
column mm broad; pollinia unknown.
ECUADOR: Prov. of Imbabura: Los Los Cedros Reserve, wet forest, on on small, mossy mossy branch, alt. 1100 m, 19
Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K. Farrell Ingram 2113 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 17911.
io very small species is closely related to raigpansraepe lehmannii, differing
! y in the very short peduncles as
wae peduncles of the latter. Se both purpl
commonly in a species, it might be f
scribed as magenta, and those of B. sya were described as lemon yellow.
: but the disc is also traversed
shape. The lip of B. ingramii is not only denticulate,
on both sides by an oblique row of denticles with additional tubercles scattered
between the row and the margin.
2 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Plate 64. Brachionidium ingramii Luer & Dalstrém
SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 3
———— macrotica Luer & Dalstrém, sp. n
Ety.: From the Greek makrotikos, “with big sea pabeenag io dolkucat gale
Species haec L. micropetalae L.O.Williams affinis, sed foliis glabris integris, flore majore, petalis
Co
Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, long-repent, the thizome 4-5 mm long between ramicauls, occa:
sionally b branching, eac with | eicsiens!
ostia; roots slender, sions the rhizome. Ramicauls geet up to 1 mm long, enclosed by a
long-spiculate, infundibuliform sheath. Leaf descending, coriaceous, glabrous, entire ranma ppaacin,
obtuse, 5-6 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, 3-veined, th
Inflorescence a single flower, borne by an ascending ding peduncle 1 mm long; moatae 2.5 mm nn.
ae pedicel 4 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm long, echinate; sepals light brown, with purple along the
eins, glabrous, the broadly ovate to suborbicular, obtuse, 4 mm long, 4mm
connate to the lateral — for 0.75 mm, the lateral ee ovate, oblique, obtuse, 4 mm long, 4mm
2 mm, 3-veined; petals oblong, pubescen mm long, 0.3 mm wide; lip purple-brown,
minutely ciliate below the middle, prominently 3-lobed, “it the basal lobes suborbicular, 2 mm long, 2
mm og the apical lobe ovate, , obtuse, I a oe 15 Sa _ peti) wih bs ee
column, th anther dorsal, the stigma
apical.
ECUADOR: Prov. of Sucumbios: forest between La Bonita and Rosa Florida, alt. emo es 14 Mar.
1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell-Ingram 2132 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 1
Similar vegetatively to other members of the subgenus Brachycladium, L.
macrotica is distinguished by small, smooth, ovate leaves with the rhizome and
ramicauls clothed in spiculate sheaths. The flower is larger than the leaf beside
which it is borne by a very short peduncle. The sepals are ovate, obtuse and gla-
brous: the minute, oblong petals are four times larger than than the microscopic petals of
L. micropetala; and the lip is prominently three- lobed with the basal lobes large,
rounded and erect behind the column.
Pla le Luer & Dalstrém,
Bly: Named in honor of Stephen Inga, se Packie OE
Species haec P. minimifl hitr.) y similis, sed fl majore, s sepalis lateralibus circa spioom
in synsepalum concavam connatis, F Hi inatis et labell
Plant the rhizomes
nodes emp aively fork ond fleshy. Ranson poeta
lar sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-obovate, obtuse,
into the base. Inflorescence a
anne? rsa
6-7 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide,
Je 7-8 mm long, i
ca. 1 mm long, bome by a slender, erect pedunc mm
floral beneos qc, acute, 05 mm long; pedicels 0.5 mm long; ovary 0-5 mm Jong ne acionag®
lucent tan, glabrous, th triangular-ovate, concave, with the apex narrowly seu,
RNa ce REO 1-veined, th the lateral sepals connate to neat the acutely bifid apex ito qvoids
concave synsepal, 2.5 mm long, 2mm wide expanded; petals pale “tomnlon = ays 7
hinged to the rudi
acute, acuminate, 2 mm | 1 0.6 mm . thick,
the b si allus, slightly depressed centrally, hing
Schock este tha, cacao, 0.5 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, the foot ‘oot rudimentary.
I ae a a . + to La Bonita, alt. 2100 m, 13 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrom,
S. Ineram & K. Ferrell-Ineram 2113 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 17912.
Vegetatively this tiny species is indistinguishable from st Central neve
Platystele minimiflora. The flowers of P. ingramii are more el
acute floral parts. Most distinguishing is the concave synsepal formed lateral
The lateral sepals of
sepals connate to near their apices, so far unique in the genus.
only a few species are connate to near the the middle. The fleshy lip is ovate and acute.
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Plate 26. Lepanthes macrotica Luer & Dalstrém
SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE
Plate 91. Platystele ingramii Luer & Dalstrom
6 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Pleurothallis Jondonoi ae pear nov. —
Inter r species a ipitiae habitu grande, sepali diocribus camosis, petalis crassis
oe rt
Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, com-
pressed above the middle, 10-20 cm long, 3-4 mm ast at the leaf, with a tubular sheath below the
middle and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf rigid, th
— 6-10 cm Jong, 2-3 om wide, the b il ded to subcordat Inflorescence a! fascicle o of
} 5-6 mm long, at the hac.
ema suberect, 5 mm long; floral bract tubular, 6mm long; pedicel 10 mm long; ovary 5mm long;
sepals yellow with purple spots, fleshy, glabrous, concave, the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate-triangular,
acute, 8 mm long, 3 mm wide, the lateral Mh auiechy idee Saka. 4 Girauaal lag to the decal
sepal, 7.5 mm long, 4 mm wide; petals thick, narrowly ovate, acute, microscopically erose, 7 mm long,
2.3 mm wide; lip thick, ovate, acute, 4.5 mm long, sh sep nee shallowly channeled centrally, the apex
pliqu drenitisahes th d, hinged
below: to the b base of the thick column; column hick, semiterete, 3 mm long, the anther and stigma
subapical, the base of the column thickened.
COLOMBIA: Dept. of Antioquia: Urrao, Paramo de Frontino, El Rio en Bosque, alt. 3150 m, 7 Jan.
1984, R. Londofio, B. Garcia & G. Galeanas 83 (Holotype: HUA); C. Luer illustr. 17993.
This species is known only from the original a made in 1984 by R.
Londofio and companions in a high péramo in the Western Cordillera of Colombia.
Vegetatively it is large for the subgenus Ancipitia, Sa the fleshy, purple-spotted,
bilabiate flowers are average in size. The concave dorsal sepal and synsepal are
similar; the thick, ovate petals are nearly as large; and the lip is thick and ovate,
laterally compressed at the apex with an oblique margin like the prow of a ship.
is panica Luer & Dalstrém, sp. no
Ety.: ru ssa lke Pa, techie th ays, ” in allusion to the spiculate lateral
ii sh Messiaen
, sed sepalis lateralibus spiculatis lis t iorit
TI pe 1 3° £0.64 ‘a Bhs
Pb xvas bello de E pill
Plant very small, epiphytic, densely it Ramicauls
slender, erect, 1- “I.S mm long, enclosed by 2 hin, loos, ribbed sheaths. "Leaf execs, thickly coriaceous,
elliptical, -6 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, th Pp Inflorescence
sae ss nd mosey 2 9 florand ace bome by slender peduncle 5-6 mm long,
lly from tk i | fl 1 t blique, acute, 1 mm long; pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary
long-spiculate 1.5 1 iculat 11
yellow, the d
ovate, ‘acute, 4 mm long, 2mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sca a pubescent- spiculate, ‘oblong-ovate,
oblique, , obtuse, 4.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate 1.5 mm, each 2-veined; translu-
» Subacute, | ihe etalon wide; Acne lee as 1mm ene. 22°
crenulate-den the apical lobe
mm wide, the ot
lar, 0.3 mm long, th lateral lob d fi d, papillose,
broad, flat, shall ag 4 ee acute w, 1 mm long, the disc with a
umn; column stoeh ead 1a dilat a L +h 2 341 tng oh + Keine Re
stigma subapical, the foot obsolescent.
LCOorrarwiDpD. r —" - 1600-
oe eee Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. pene & K. foe fake Me Luer il-
This species of subgenus Aenigma consists of a tiny clump of elliptical leaves
barely surpassed by a peduncle bearing a proportionately large flower. The dorsal
sepal and much smaller petals are acute; the oblong, lateral sepals are spiculate-
and the trilobed lip is similar to that of P. hystricosa except
that it is papillose with a flat instead of a raised, circular, central callus.
SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIS
\
wh
of
5 mm
Plate 24. Pleurothallis londonii
ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM
Plate 9. Pleurothallis panica Luer & Dalstrém
matt C::
trek
Et ieee
*iss Lees
Se
an
en
. tee
ate. rsa
— 4
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