|
THE V
. TRANSACTIONS
OF
IHE LINNEAN SOCIEIYX
OF
LON DO N.
SECOND SERIES—VOLUME IV.
BOTANY.
LON DOR:
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET:
SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S APARTMENTS, BURLINGTON-HOUSE ;
AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER-ROW.
1894-96.
Mo. Bot. Garden.
1898.
CONTENTS.
PART I.—May, 1894.
I. The Plants of Milanji, Nyasa-land, collected by Mr. ALEXANDER WumE, F.L.S.,
and described by Messrs. Britten, E. G. BAKER, RENDLE, GEPP, and others ;
with an Introduction by WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S. (Plates 1.-X.,
End Map) |... 0 hr ome rre Tx. a
PART II.— DECEMBER, 1894.
II. On the Flora of Mount Kinabalu, in North Borneo. By O. Starr, Ph.D.,
Assistant for India, Royal Herbarium, Kew. (Communicated by W.'T. THISELTON
DIM. Cl G EDS, EES) (ries ST AX)... 4 5 BO
PART 111.—DecemBEr, 1895.
III. Lhe Phanerogamic Botany of the Matto Grosso Expedition, 1891-92. By
SPENCER Le M. Moomzg, B.Sc., F.L.S., Botanist to the Expedition. (Plates
Malo AAA OO ABD) cc a. 52 a o ON
PART IV.—MancH, 1896.
Titlepage, Contents, and Index Fol
Page 19, line 23,
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4 UL yg 22,
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ERRATA.
H ohnelii
platyphylla
nervifolia
Dichotrichium
ampullacea
bracteata
aborginal
platyphylla
lasioclada
aurantiacum
Chirita areolata
galeopsis
Kingii
Havilandii
crenata
ineana
Havilandii
SETIFLORUS
crenata
SCORTECHINI1, Stapf,
major, Ridl.,
- pruniata
pendula
asperiplium
Ichnosipha
cydoniafolia
Ruella
Thyallis
Glianthus
Salicea
read
Hoehnelii,
platypetala.
neriifolia.
Dichrotrichum.
ampullaria.
neriifolia.
aboriginal.
platypetala.
lasioclados.
aurantiaca.
Didymocarpus areolatus,
Galeopsis.
major.
cordatus.
crenulata.
albicans.
sabaénsis,
SETIFLORA.
crenulata.
MAJOR, Ridl.
Scortechinii, Stapf.
pruinata.
penduliflora.
asperifolium.
Ischnosiphon.
cydoniefolia.
Ruellia,
Thryallis.
Cybianthus,
Sabicea,
2nd Ser. BOTANY. } [VOL. IV. PART 1. —
THE
TRANSACTIONS
OF
THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. |
THE PLANTS OF MILANJL NYASA LAND o
COLLECTED BY Mz ALEXANDER WHYTE, P.B, 1
AND DESCRIBED BY
Messrs. BRITTEN, E. G. BAKER, RENDLE, GEPP, AND OTHERS; oe :
WITH AN INTRODUCTION:
BY | Il
WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S, FLS. —
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE LINNEAN socer
BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED L10N COURT, FLEET STREET
Trays. Liny. Soc., Ser. 2, Bor. Vol. LV. |
Scale 1* 2.000000,
ENGLISH MILES
o 20
30
Mt,
á Du
[To face p. 1.
F. 5. Weller,
ope East 35° from Greenwich
.MAP TO ILLUSTRATE MB. A. WHYTE’S BOTANICAL CO
| | [Originally prepared to illustrate Mr. H. H. Jounston’s remarks on the Zoology
LLECTIONS.
(Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 617), and reissued by permission. |
TRANSACTIONS
OF
THE LINNEAN- SOC Dx
I. The Plants of Milanji, Nyasa-l d, collected by Mr. Al ander Whyte, F.L.S., and
described by Messrs. BritrEX, E. G. BAKEK, RENDLE, GEPP, and others; with an
Introduction by WILLIAM CARRUTHÉRS, F.R.S., F.L.S.
(Plates 1.-X.)
Read 19th January, 1893.
INTRODUCTION.
AT the instigation of Mr. H. H. Johnston, C.B., Her Majesty’s Commissioner and Consul-
General in British Central Africa, Mr. Whyte, in October and November 1891, explored
the Natural History of the mountain and district of Milanji, a region in Nyasa-land to the
south of Lake Shirwa, in about 16° South latitude and 35)” East longitude.
From Mr. Whyte's Report to Commissioner Johnston we learn that Milanji is an
isolated range of, for the greater part, precipitous mountains, the main mass forming a
huge natural fortress of weather-worn precipices, or very steep rocky ascents, sparsely
clothed with vegetation. Many of its gullies and ravines are well wooded, and in some
of them fine examples of grand African virgin forest are met with. The route by which
Mr. Whyte ascended the mountain on the 20th October led up its south-east face, and
at first zigzagged over steep grassy hills, down precipitous gorges, and across rocky
streams with beds of large water-worn granite boulders, which, when flooded, become
impassable mountain-torrents. Further on the ascent became more difficult, and he
SECOND SERIES. —BOTANY, VOL. IV. B
2 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
clambered over precipices, holding on by tufts of grass and scrub, which gave but
slender support and scanty foothold. Once round these precipitous bluffs an interesting
wooded gorge was entered, still steep and difficult, but with better foothold on the
projecting rocks and tree-roots ; and most welcome was the kindly shade after hours of
toil in a burning sun, rendered doubly fierce by the reflection from the scorching hot
rocks.
An interesting change in the vegetation was perceptible, plants of the lower slopes
being mostly replaced by species new to Mr. Whyte, and in many instances approaching
the flora of temperate climes, such as brambles and well-known forms of papilionaceous
and composite plants. Ferns, too, became more numerous, and now and again he
scrambled through fairy dells of mosses, ferns, selaginellas, and balsams, with miniature
water-falls showering their life-giving spray on the little verdant glades, while overhead
hoary lichens and bright festoons of elegant long-tasselled lycopods hung from the
moss-covered ancient-looking trees. Up and up he climbed the apparently endless
ladder of roots and rocks. Then he passed through a dense thicket of bamboo, and
again found himself confronted by an ugly barrier of precipitous cliffs, which were duly
surmounted with the friendly aid of tufts of a tussock-grass springing from the crevices
of the rocks. Another hour’s climb up a steep grassy glen brought him to the crest of
the highest ridge.
Here the scene spread out to view, and the climate, were such as fully to repay the
explorer for a day of weary toil. Looking westward, he saw mapped out beneath him
the plateau or basin of Milanji, with its rolling hills of grassy sward, its clearly defined
belts of dark-green forest, and its numerous ravines and rivulets, all shaping their
course towards the principal valley of the plateau, through which the Lutshenya flows.
The climate was delightfully cool and bracing. During the forenoon, on the lower ridges
of the mountains, at over 4000 feet lower than this point, he had sweltered in a stifling
. heat of 106 degrees Fahrenheit in the shade; while here he revelled in a clear, dry,
health-restoring atmosphere of 60 degrees Fahrenheit. From this ridge, which forms
one of the amphitheatre of hills surrounding the plateau or crater-like basin of Milanji,
a good idea of the mountain-system is gained. Still looking towards the west, one sees
on the right hand the main peaks of the mountain, rising directly from the valley of the
Lutshenya, which runs parallel with its southern base, the height of one of the two
summit-peaks having been calculated at 9,300 feet above sea-level. Across the table-
land, in the distance, is the somewhat isolated and precipitous Tshambi Mountain, which,
with its own smaller plateau, is separated from Milanji table-land by the rocky valley
and gorge of the Likabula River. To the front and to the left hand, there is a contin-
uation of the rolling and grassy hills which encircle the plateau, and which are capped
with rugged cliffs of searped granite and gneiss rocks. |
Mr. Whyte spent two weeks on the plateau, changing to three different sites, each
distant from 5 to 7 miles from the other, and which enabled him to explore more
thoroughly this new and interesting mountain-country. Unfortunately the rains and
mists set in before he left, and consequently he had only nine good collecting days.
COLLECTED BY MR, ALEXANDER WHYTE. 3
The flora of the mountain proved to be most interesting, the species met with being
mostly distinct from those of the plain or even the lower slopes. The most striking
botanical feature of the plateau is a large cypress. The remnant left of this fine conifer
is confined to a few of the upper ravines and valleys, the largest forest of them finding a
comparatively secure habitat in the damp gorges of the Lutshenya valley. A few old
scorched monarchs of the glen lead a precarious existence pretty well up the southern
slopes of the main mountain ; but, unless steps are taken to protect them, these interesting
relics of the past are doomed to speedy destruction. It is deplorable to witness the
devastating effects of the annual bush-fires, from which even this lofty and all but
inaccessible retreat is not exempt. During the dry months of August and September
these fires, originating from the villages on the lower slopes of the mountain, gradually
creep up the precipitous cliffs from tuft to tuft of grass until at last they reach the
grassy plateau. Once there, the work of destruction is rapid. The fire rages over the
table-land and eats its way along the edges of the remaining belts of forest, annually
scorching, if not burning, the bark and timber of the outside trees, and killing outright
the young seedlings. In exceptionally dry seasons it appears that these fires have even
penetrated some of the damp forests, and hundreds of giant cypresses lay prostrate and
. piled on each other in all stages of destruction, but generally burnt right through at
the base of the tree. Mr. Whyte measured several of these dead conifers, and one (by no
means the largest met with) was 140 feet in length and 53 feet in diameter at 6 feet from
its base, with a clear straight stem of 90 feet. The cones of this species of cypress
(which may be new to science) are somewhat smaller than a chestnut, and open into four
scales, each having a spur at its apex, and covering five or six winged seeds. The foliage
is juniper-like, and the timber is of a dull reddish white colour, of excellent quality and
easily worked. The bark on old trees is of great thickness.
Tree-ferns attain a great size in the damp shady forests of the plateau; one measured
was 30 feet in height and 2 feet in diameter at its base.
Mr. Whyte was impressed with the gorgeous displays of wild flowers in some favoured
nooks of these highlands. There he observed creamy-white and yellow helichrysums,
mingling with purple and blue orchids and irises, and graceful snow-white anemones, all
blooming in wild profusion, and rearing their heads from a bed of bright-green grassy
sward—a floral carpet which Nature alone can fashion. Altogether he procured several
thousand specimens of dried plants. The grass-lands had been too recently burned to
permit many of the plants reaching their flowering stage. 7
Of the 64 Natural Orders to which the flowering plants belong, nearly half are
represented by single species. Composite are most numerous, having 50 species, and
are followed by Leguminose with 28 species.
The great majority of the known and described species obtained by Mr. Whyte from
Milanji have already been noted from Tropical Africa. If to these are added the species
here described for the first time, it appears that no less than 62 per cent. belong to
tropical vegetation. Of the remainder a small number, amounting to 6 per cent., are
plants widely distributed over the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, such as
E : B2
4 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
species of Stellaria, Abutilon, Cassia, Ageratum, Bidens, and Celosia. Thirteen per
cent. of the species are North-African plants, the majority being found in Abyssinia,
while 19 per cent. are South African. Excluding the widely distributed tropical plants,
only two species, one of Clausena and the other of Asystasia, occur in both North and
South Africa. Milanji is obviously in the region where the floras of North and South
Africa meet, and intermingle in nearly equal proportions with the tropical vegetation
more proper to the region.
Among the plants of interest which have a southern facies are two species of Erica,
carrying this South-African genus into the Tropics, and the fine Widdringtonia, which
attains a great size, and is fitted to supply in the future a useful timber. Several
Malagasy plants are in the collection, and among these there are species of Epallage,
Mascarenhasia, and Brachystephanus, genera that have hitherto been considered endemic
to Madagascar *.
It deserves to be noted that a large proportion of the Polypetalous plants belong to
genera, and often to species, widely distributed over the face of the globe, while a large
number of the Monopetalz are not known out of Africa. The actual state of the case is
that 17 per cent. of the genera of the Polypetalz, 35 per cent. of the Monopetalee, 25 per
cent. of the Apetale, and 28 per cent. of the Monocotyledones are confined to Africa.
In view of the greater antiquity of the less differentiated plants, it is remarkable that
the Polypetale, as tested by the genera included in this memoir, have secured the widest
world-distribution.
POLYPETALA. (By Epmunp G. Baker, F.L.S.)
ANEMONE WHYTEANA, Baker fil., n. sp. (Plate I. figs. 1-3.) Radix perennis; caule
nullo; foliis longe petiolatis, biternatim sectis vel partitis, segmentis subcoriaceis
ultimis cuneato-obovatis, serratis, apice apiculatis, marginibus plus minusve irre-
gulariter acute lobatis; petiolis canaliculatis, preecipue ad basin villosis; scapis
ereetis, ramosis, 3-8-floris; involueri bracteis lanceolatis vel ovatis acutis, villosis,
interdum trisectis, segmentis anguste ovatis vel lanceolatis; involucelli bracteis
lanceolatis acutis; pedicellis albo-pubescentibus; sepalis albis, imbricatis, oblongis
vel ovatis, externe pilosis; stylis brevibus; stigmatibus bifurcatis; receptaculo
ovoideo piloso; carpellis oblongis, numerosis, glabris vel glabriusculis, sine cauda
plumosa.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 100.
Scape 1-2 ft. high; leaflets 1-13 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; sepals 3-3 in. long; carpels
7 in. long. :
This is the second member of the genus which has been found in Tropical Africa, and
I have called it after the discoverer, Mr. A. Whyte. It has somewhat the habit of a
Knowltonia, but has not the green sepals which are characteristic of that genus. It
differs from 4. Thomsoni, Oliver, in Icones Plantarum, t. 1491, in the leaves being
.. * Since this was written four species of Brachystephanus have been described from Tropical Africa.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 5
biternate and not triternate, and it appears perfectly distinct from the three Cape and
Natal species of Anemone, 4. capensis, Linn., Bot. Mag. t. 716, 4. caffra, Eckl. & Zeyh.,
Harv. Thes. t. 7, and A. Fanninie, Harv., Bot. Mag. t. 6958.
THALICTRUM RHYNCHOCARPUM, Dill. et A. Rich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. II. xiv. p. 262;
Oliver, Flora of Tropical Africa, i. p. 8.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 159.
Distr. Mountains of Abyssinia; Camaroons; Clarence Peak, Fernando Po.
CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA, Linn. ; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i. p. 45.
Hab. Zomba.
Widely spread in the Tropics.
CLEOME MONOPHYLLA, Linn.; Oliver, 7. c. i. p. 76; Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. t. 5.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji. No. 133.
Widely spread in Tropical Africa. Occurs also at the Cape.
VIOLA ABYSSINICA, Steud. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. ii. n. 983; Oliver, /. c. i. p. 105.
Hab. Milanji, alt..6000 ft. No. 79.
Distr. Mts. of Abyssinia; Camaroons; Fernando Po; Kilimanjaro; Madagascar.
APHLOIA THEXFORMIS, Benn. Pl. Jay. Rar. p. 192, in adnot., affinis.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft.
Has rather larger flowers than the usual form of this plant. Malagasy affinity.
POLYGALA VIRGATA, Thunb. ; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Capensis, i. p. 85.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 104.
Distr. Cape, Natal.
POLYGALA PERSICARI#FOLIA, DC. Prod. i. p. 326; Oliver, l. c. i. p. 129.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 185.
A very variable plant, widely spread in the Tropics of the Old World.
MURALTIA MIXTA, L.; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Capensis, i. p. 104.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000-7000 ft. No. 1.
Distr. Cape.
SILENE BURCHELLII, Otth, in DC. Prodr. i. p. 374; Oliver, l. c. i. p. 139.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 135.
Distr. Abyssinia; Cape; also in Arabia and Syria acording to Oliver's ‘Flora of
Tropical Africa,' but Rohrbach in his monograph restricts it to South Africa.
6 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
CERASTIUM AFRICANUM, Oliver, 7. c. i. p. 141.
Hab. Milanj. No. 115.
Found also on Mt. Kilimanjaro and the Camaroons.
STELLARIA MEDIA, Cyr.; Smith, Eng. Bot. t. 537.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 147.
Differs from the plant as found in this country by its much thicker leaves and more
congested inflorescence.
HYPERICUM LANCEOLATUM, Lam. ; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i. p. 156.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
Distr. Abyssinia; Camaroons; Fernando Po; Kilimanjaro; Masai Highlands;
Manganya Hills. Previously collected in Shiré Highlands by Last and Buchanan.
Occurs also in Madagascar.
HYPERICUM PEPLIDIFOLIUM, A. Rich., var. ROBUSTUM, Baker fil. Caulibus adscend-
entibus; foliis glabris oblongis vel ovatis, quam ea typi majoribus; floribus axil-
laribus solitariis post anthesin deflexis.
Hab. Zomba ; Milanji. No. 143.
ABUTILON INDICUM, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. p. 54; Oliver, l. c. i. p. 186.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. Nos. 63, 154.
Widely spread in the Tropics.
HIBISCUS CANNABINUS, Linn.; DC. Prod. i. p. 450; Oliver, J. c. i. p. 204.
Hab. Zomba.
Widely spread in the Tropics.
HIBISCUS PHYSALOIDES, Guill. & Perr. Fl Seneg. p. 52; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. El.
Capensis, i. p. 172.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji. No. 196. |
Distr. Trop. Africa; Cape. J. M. Wood, no. 926, is this species.
i TrIUMFETTA MasrERsII, Baker fil, n. sp. (Triumfetta Welwitschii, Mast. in Oliver,
Flora of Trop. Africa, i. p. 255, in parte.) Caule ligneo, ramis virgatis, canaliculatis
| m He superna cinereo-pubescentibus ; stipulis subulatis vel anguste lanceolatis,
5 deciduis ; foliis similibus Ceanothi foliis, breviter petiolatis, oblongis vel oblanosolatis;
: serratis, basi cuneatis, apice rotundatis vel subacutis, e caule florifero cum foribus
cowtaneis productis, discoloribus, palmatim 3-5-nervatis, supra nigrescentibus, subtus
. ¢imereo-pubescentibus; floribus terminalibus ramoso-corymboso-cy mosis ; ala setis
externe fulvo-pubescentibus; petalis in sicco flavis, oblanceolatis vel anguste obovatis
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 7
ad basin pubescentibus ; -staminibus circiter 25 e toro elevato crassoque dispositis ;
fructu cerasi parvi magnitudine, setis rectis ciliatis elongatis obtecto.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. Nos. 163 and 105.
Branches 1-2 ft. long; leaves 3-31 in. long, ¿ in. broad.
This plant is the same as a specimen collected by Sir J. Kirk on the Livingstone
Expedition near Lake Nyasa. It appears distinct from the Angola plant, and I venture
to separate the East-Tropical African species under the name Triumfetta Mastersii, and,
to avoid confusion, append a short description of T. JFelwitsehii *.
T. Mastersii has also been collected in Nyasa-land by J. Buchanan, No. 1341; it is
closely allied to 7. Rehmanni, Szyszyl. in * Rozprawy i sprawozdania z posiedzen,’ p. 151
(1887), from the Transvaal, and is also allied to the curious and distinct 7. geoides, Welw.
GERANIUM SIMENSE, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. ii. p. 670; Oliver, l. c. i. p. 291.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 72.
Distr. Abyssinia; Kilimanjaro; Camaroons. Occurs also in Madagascar.
IMPATIENS MICRANTHA, Hochst. ? in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. ii. n. 1151, affinis.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. Nos. 15, 140.
Distr. Abyssinia. Closely allied to I. capensis, Thunb.
IMPATIENS SHIRENSIS, Baker fil, n. sp. (Plate I. figs. 4-13.) Caule erecto, ligneo,
ramoso; folis membranaceis, anguste ovatis acutis vel acuminatis, penninervatis,
petiolatis, serratis, basi cuneatis; floribus axillaribus solitariis; peduneulis quam
petiola longioribus vel subzqualibus, medio ebracteatis; sepalis lateralibus parvis,
anguste ovatis acutis vel subacuminatis ; labello naviculari abrupte calcarato, calcare
brevi curvato (petalis sepalisquein sicco flavis) ; vexillo ad apicem mucronato, tam lato
quam longo, alis bilobatis aurieulatis ; ovario late lineari curvato ; stigmate capitato.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 55.
Stem 1 ft. long, possibly more; leaves 234 in. long, 2-13 in. broad; spur 1 in. long.
The affinity of this plant is with Impatiens bicolor, Hook. f., I. buccinalis, Hook. f.,
I. Mackeyana, Hook. f., and the recently described J. Ehlersii, Schweinf., as the flowers
are solitary and axillary, and the lip is boat-shaped and possesses a short incurved spur.
* Trrourerra Wzrwrirscuir, Mast. in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i. p. 255, in parte. Caule ligneo, ramis virgatis tenuiter
canaliculatis, plus minusve teretibus, superne cinereo-pubescentibus ; stipulis subulatis subpersistentibus, petiolis
longioribus, foliis breviter petiolatis, longioribus et angustioribus quam 7. Mastersii folia, basi cuneatis, apice
acutis, tenuiter serratis, e caule florifero post anthesin productis, parce discoloribus, penninervatis, interdum
subpalmatinervatis ; floribus terminalibus ramoso-corymboso-cymosis, alabastris externe fulvo-tomentosis, petalis
luteis, obovatis vel oblanceolatis; fructu mihi ignoto, ex descriptione Welwitschii fructui 7. Mastersii simili.
ab. Angola; Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch.
Branches 1-2 ft. long ; leaves 4-5 in. long, 3 in. broad.
: T Welwitschii differs from 7. Mastersii in having longer and narrower leaves, which are produced on the same
Stem as, but — to, the flowers.
8 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
OXALIS SENSITIVA, Linn.; Oliver, l. c. i. p. 297.
Hab. Zomba.
Widely distributed in the Tropics.
CLAUSENA INJEQUALIS, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. p. 257; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i.
p. 307.
Hab. Milanji. No. 49.
Distr. Abyssinia; Camaroons ; Cape.
GYMNOSPORIA LAURINA, Szyszyl. in ‘ Rozprawy i sprawozdania z posiedzen,’ xviil. p. 35,
Jorma.
Scytophyllum laurinum, Eckl. & Zeyh.; Sond. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Capensis, i. p. 471.
Celastrus laurinus, Thunb. Fl. Capensis, p. 217.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 51.
The specimens from Milanji differ slightly in the shape of the leaves from the type
found at the Cape of Good Hope.
There is another species of Gymmnosporia in the collection, No. 50, but the material is
not sufficient to settle the species.
PHYLICA SPICATA, Linn.?; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Capensis, i. p. 491.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 41.
Distr, Cape.
VITIS SERPENS, Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i. p. 412.
Cissus serpens, Hochst. in A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 111.
Hab. Zomba.
Distr. Abyssinia; Senegambia. :
There is another species of Vitis, but the material is insufficient for determination.
PAULLINIA PINNATA, Linn. ; Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. i. p. 419.
-Hab. Zomba.
Also found in Tropical America.
CROTALARIA NATALITIA, Meissn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. p. 67; Baker, 7. e. ii.
p. 34.
-Hab. Zomba.
Distr. Natal; Lower Guinea.
CROTALARIA RECTA, Steud.; Baker, /.c. ii. p. 40.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr, Abyssinia; Zambesi-land.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE, 9
ADENOCARPUS Manni, Hook. fil. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. p. 8.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. Nos. 57, 127.
Collected also by J. Buchanan in Nyasa-land, No. 988.
Distr. Kilimanjaro; Camaroons; Fernando Po.
LOTUS ARABICUS, Linn.; Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 62.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. Nos. 80, 142.
Distr. Abyssinia; Senegambia; Zambesi-land. Occurs also in the Eastern Mediter-
ranean Region and Arabia.
INDIGOFERA LYALLII, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. p. 128.
Hab. Milanji. No. 11.
A Mascarene species, new to the Flora of Tropical Africa. Differs slightly from type
in the pubescence on the underside of the leaflets.
TEPHROSIA LINEARIS, Pers.; Baker, l.c. ii. p. 120.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr. Nubia; Upper and Lower Guinea.
TEPHROSIA SERICEA, Baker, l. c. ii. p. 107.
Hab. Zomba.
Also collected on the Manganya Hills.
TEPHROSIA WHYTEANA, Baker fil., n. sp. Fruticosa; ramis superne petiolisque ferrugineo-
pilosis ; foliis imparipinnatis, foliolis oblongis, apice mucronatis, basi rotundatis,
lateralibus 6-8-jugis, margine et subtus media vena ferrugineo-pubescente, stipulis
lanceolatis vel ovatis acuminatis; floribus racemosis, calycis tubo campanulato
pubescente, lobis deltoideis, cuspidatis, duobus conniventibus ; petalis (in sicco roseis
vel purpureo-roseis) vexillo rotundato unguieulato, alis insequilateraliter obovatis,
carinam subzquantibus; staminibus monadelphis, filamento vexillari sublibero,
stylo applanato, incurvato, pubescente; ovario lineari-oblongo ; legumine recto
lineari-oblongo, sessili, dense rufo-piloso, apice apiculato 6-8-spermo.
Hab. Milanji.
Leaflets 1-13 in. long, nearly 3 in. broad, legume 11-2 in. long.
Near Tephrosia barbigera, Welw., which, however, is a robust annual.
TEPHROSIA NYASA, Baker fiL, n. sp. Caule ligneo ramoso, ramis junioribus Albo
pubescentibus; foliis pinnatim multifoliolatis, foliolis 6-10-jugis oblongis, apice
apiculatis, basi rotundatis vel cuneatis, coriaceis, penninervatis, superne viridibus,
parce pubescentibus, subtus argenteo-canescentibus, vena media sspe ferrugineo-
pubescente ; floribus ad apicem ramulorum aggregatis, bracteis ovatis acutis,
pedicellis brevibus; calycis tubo externe ferrugineo vel albo-ferrugineo, laciniis
lanceolato-linearibus vel lanceolatis; petalis (in sicco roseis vel purpureis) vexillis
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. C
10 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
suborbicularibus externe pubescentibus, carine alis subzequilongis, stamine superiore
ad medium libero; leguminibus junioribus dense ferrugineo-pilosis, circ. 5-spermis.
Hab. Nyasa-land (J. Buchanan, No. 51).
Leaflets 1-13 in. long, 4 to rather more than 3 in. broad; standard about 4 in. long.
The flowers of this plant are borne in dense terminal heads at the end of the
branchlets. |
JESCHYNOMENE SIIFOLIA, Welw.; Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 151.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji.
In the ‘ Flora of Tropical Africa’ the articulations of the fruit are described as solitary,
which I find to be generally, but not always, the case.
Previously collected by Welwitsch in Lower Guinea, Pungo Andongo, alt. 3800 ft.
JESCHYNOMENE, sp.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
DesMODIUM HIRTUM, Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. Tent. ii. p. 209; Baker, l. c. ii. p. 163.
Hab. Zomba.
Distr. Upper and Lower Guinea; Zambesi-land; Natal.
DESMODIUM ASCENDENS, DC. Prod. ii. p. 332; Baker, /.c. ii. p. 162.
Hab. Zomba.
A rather depauperated form of this common American species. It also occurs in
Upper and Lower Guinea.
MUCUNA CORIACEA, Baker, /. c. ii. p. 187.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr. Zambesi-land, Manganya Hills.
CANAVALIA OBTUSIFOLIA, DC. Prod. ii. p. 404; Baker, l. c. p. 190.
Hab. Milanji.
Widely distributed through the 'Tropies of both Hemispheres.
VIGNA VEXILLATA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pt. 1, p. 193, t. 50. f. 1.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji.
Widely dispersed through Tropical America.
VIGNA LUTEOLA, Benth. /. c. p. 194, t. 50. f. 2.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji, alt. 6000 ft.
Like the last, also found in Tropical America.
DorrcHos ERECTUS, Baker fil, n. sp. Perennis, caule erecto, glabro vel glabriusculo,
angulato vel subterete; foliis trifoliatis petiolatis, petiolis strictis patentibus vel
erecto-patentibus, canalieulatis, foliolis ultimis sequilateralibus, ovatis vel ovato-
lanceolatis acutis, apice breviter mucronatis, utrinque glabris vel glabriusculis,
junioribus pubescentibus, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, penninervatis, foliolis
COLLECTED BY MR, ALEXANDER WHYTE. 11
lateralibus inzquilateralibus, stipulis lanceolatis acutis persistentibus ; pedunculis
axillaribus, praecipue ultimis, longissimis, 3-8-floris; floribus ad apices peduncu-
lorum aggregatis, racemosis; bracteis ovatis membranaceis; sepalis brevibus ovatis; |
petalis (in sieco flavis) calyce multo longioribus; stylis geniculatis teretibus,
stigmatibus clavatiformibus, ovariis linearibus,
-Hab. Zomba, Milanji, alt. 6000 ft.
Stem 1-13 ft., possibly more; lower peduncles 5-7 in. long; leaflets about 2 in. long,
petals nearly 4 in. long.
This plant is allied to one collected by Dr. Schweinfurth in Djurland, no. 1366. The
latter has, however, much narrower leaflets.
Dolichos erectus does not belong to the section Streptostylis of Welwitsch, the style
being not twisted; the erect habit and the few flowered racemes therefore make it easy
of recognition. D. simplicifolius, recently figured in the ‘ Botanical Magazine’ (t. 7318),
also from the Shiré Highlands, has unifoliolate leaves.
CAJANUS INDICUS, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii, p. 248; Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 216.
Hab. Milanji. No. 155.
Cultivated throughout the Tropics.
ERIOSEMA CAJANOIDES, Hook. fil, in Fl. Nigrit. p. 314; Baker, /. c. ii. p. 227.
Hab. Milanji.
Common in Tropical Africa; extends southwards to Natal.
ERIOSEMA PARVIFLORUM, E. Mey.; Baker, l.c. ii. p. 225.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 38.
This may be an allied species, as the flowers are larger and not so depressed as usual.
ERIOSEMA SHIRENSIS, Baker fil., n. sp. (Plate II. figs. 1-4.) Caule erecto, basi ligneo,
precipue superne patentim albo- vel rufo-piloso; foliolis 3 oblongo-lanceolatis,
membranaceis, acutis, utrinque albo-pilosis, subtus vena media rufo-pilosa, foliolis
lateralibus inzquilateralibus, petiolis brevibus, stipulis lanceolatis; pedunculis
foliola subzquantibus, ad apicem floribus reflexis dense vel subdense racemosis ;
sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis, albo-pilosis; vexillo biauriculato, alis carina paullo
longioribus vel subzquantibus; stylo geniculato, ultra medium parce incrassato,
apice capitato-stigmatoso ; legumine patente rufo-piloso, 2-spermo, oblique e qm
seminibus nigrescentibus, oblongis, curvatis.
Hab. Zomba.
Stem 8 in. to 1 ft. high; leaflets 23-4 in. long, 3-3 in. broad; flowers 1 in. long;
legume ¿ in. long, 3 in. broad. |
This plant is the same as Nos. 31 and 1350 collected by J. Buchanan in the Shiré
Highlands. It comes near to Eriosema Burkei, Benth., and E. salignum, E. Mey., but
differs from both in the pubescence, The flowering peduncle is clothed with rather long
patent, white hairs.
c2
12 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
FLEMINGIA MACROCALYX, Baker fiL, n. sp. (Plate II. figs. 5-12.) Fruticosa, ramis
flexuosis, dense fulvo-tomentosis ; foliis trifoliatis, foliolis ovatis acutis, coriaceis vel
subcoriaceis, basi rotundatis, petiolatis, precipue subtus molliter fulvo-tomentosis,
junioribus utrinque fulvo-tomentosis ; stipulis ovatis vel lanceolatis acutis, sericeo-
pilosis ; racemis axillaribus 3—9-floris; floribus breviter pedicellatis; sepalis magnis
lanceolatis acuminatis, anticis paullo longioribus, quam corolla paullo brevioribus ;
vexillo obovato, parce bilobato, unguiculato (in sicco flavo, apice purpureo), alis
oblongis (in sicco flavis), unguiculatis; carina unguiculata (in sicco flava, apice
purpurea); legumine sessili, subturgido, oblongo-apiculato, fulvo-hirto.
Hab. Milanji. No. 12.
Leaflets ¿-13 in.; sepals 4-2 in.; petals i in. long;
broad.
Differs from Zriosema flemingioides, Baker, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. t. 34, to
which it is allied, by its smaller leaves, much longer sepals, and fewer-flowered racemes.
legume 4-3 in. long, 2 in.
PTEROCARPUS MELLIFERUS, Welw.; Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 239.
Hab. Zomba. No.133.
* Large forest-tree with profuse flowers like a Laburnum."— 4. Whyte.
Collected previously by Welwitsch in Lower Guinea, Pungo Andongo.
CASSIA MIMOSOIDES, Linn.; Oliver, /.c. p. 280.
Hab. Milanji. No. 130.
Common in the Tropics of the Old World.
CASSIA PETERSIANA, C. Bolle, in Peters, Mossamb., Bot. p. 13.
Hab. Zomba. |
Distr. Mozambique District.
BRACHYSTEGIA GLOBIFLORA, Benth., in Hook. Icones Plant. t. 1359.
Hab. Milanji or Zomba.
The Shiré Highlands seem to be the headquarters of the genus Brachystegia, as
Buchanan has collected two species there, B. floribunda and B. longifolia, and B. ap-
pendiculata was collected at Zomba by the Livingstone Expedition.
ENTADA ABYSSINICA, Steud. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. ii. p. 520.
Hab. Zomba.
Distr. Abyssinia; Angola.
ALBIZZIA FASTIGIATA, E. Mey.; Oliver, l. c. ii. p. 361.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft.
Collected by J. Buchanan in Nyasa-land. No. 870.
Distr. Upper and Lower Guinea; Natal.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE.
RUBUS APETALUS, Poir.; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 374.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 76.
Distr. Abyssinia; Mozambique District ; Madagascar; Mascarene Islands.
RUBUS HUILLENSIS, Welw.; Oliver, Z. c. ii. p. 375.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr. Angola.
ALCHEMILLA, sp.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 112.
CLIFFORTIA LINEARIFOLIA, Eck. & Zeyh.; Oliver, l.c. ii. p. 379.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr. Angola; Natal; Cape.
13
CHORISTYLIS SHIRENSIS, Baker fil, n. sp. (Plate ITI. figs. 1-6.) Ramis ligneis, inferne
glabris, superne minute puberulis ; foliis alternis, coriaceis, petiolatis, lanceolatis vel
anguste ovatis acutis vel acuminatis, serratis, penninervatis, basi rotundatis vel late
cuneatis, utrinque glabris; petiolis minute puberulis, quam lamina brevioribus;
floribus axillaribus dense paniculatis, paniculis foliis brevioribus; calycis tubo
obeonico, lobis lanceolatis persistentibus; petalis lanceolatis vel late subulatis,
utrinque pubescentibus, sepalis paullo longioribus ; staminibus 5; stylis 2 brevibus,
stigmatibus globosis, ovariis semi-inferioribus; capsulis bilocularibus dehiscentibus,
seminibus oblongis.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 53.
Leaves 11-21 in. long, 3 in. to nearly 1 in. broad.
Collected also by J. Buchanan in the Shiré Highlands, Nos. 158 and 1468.
This is the second species of a formerly monotypic genus. Choristylis rhamnoides,
Harv. El. Capensis, ii. p. 308, comes from Natal, and has broader and not such pointed
leaves as the plant described above.
TILLAA AQUATICA, Linn.; Britten, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 388.
Hab. Milanji. No. 95.
Oceurs also in North Europe and Germany.
CRASSULA GLOBULARIOIDES, Britten, l. c. ii. p. 389.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 158.
Collected previously by Dr. Meller on Mt. Chiradzura.
MYROTHAMNUS FLABELLIFOLIA, Welw.; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 404; Trans. Linn.
Soc. ser. I. xxvii. p. 23, t. 8.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
Occurs also in Lower Guinea and at the Cape.
14 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
DISSOTIS INCANA, Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxviii. p. 58; Cogn. Melastomacee,
p. 370.
Dissotis canescens, Hook: f., in Oliver, Flora of Trop. Africa, ii. p. 453.
Osbeckia canescens, E. Mey.; Graham in Bot. Mag. t. 3790.
Hab. Milanji. No. 168.
Distr. Nile land; Natal; Transvaal.
Dissoris PRINCEPS, Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxviii. p. 57; Cogn. Melastomaces,
p. 375.
Dissotis eximia, Hook, f., in Oliver, Flora of Trop. Africa, ii. p. 454.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 103. Zomba.
Distr. Central Africa; Mozambique District; Zambesi-land ; Natal.
Dissoris JOHNSTONIANA, Baker fil, n. sp. (Plate II. figs. 13-17.) Ramis robustis
elongatis, plus minusve scabridis, ad nodos parce incrassatis, setosis, obscure tetragonis ;
foliis petiolatis, coriaceis, ovatis acutis vel acuminatis, basi rotundatis, utrinque
scabridis, palmatim 5-nervatis, petiolis scabridis ; floribus terminalibus paniculatis ;.
pedicellis glabris; calycis tubo angulato, sparse hirto, tamen glabro vel subglabro,
lobis 5 ovatis vel oblongis, margine ciliatis, persistentibus; petalis magnis obovatis
(in sieco purpureo-violaceis); staminibus inzequalibus, connectivo magno ad basin
producto ; stylis staminibus longioribus ; stigmate clavato curvato ; capsulis 5-valvis,
ad apicem setis albis coronatis.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 74.
Leaves 2-3 in. long, petioles 4-3 in., petals 1 in. long.
The flowers of this plant are pentamerous and panicled.
This plant has been named in honour of Commissioner H. H. Johnston, the organizer
of the expedition.
HoMALIUM AFRICANUM, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. p. 35.
Hab. Milanji.
Distr, Upper Guinea.
WORMSKIOLDIA LONGIPEDUNCULATA, Mast. in Oliver, El. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 502.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 3000-6000 ft. No. 97.
. Distr. Mozambique District.
TRYPHOSTEMMA APETALUM, Baker fil., n. sp. (Plate III. figs. 7-11.) Herbaceum, erectum,
cirrhiferum, glaberrimum, glaucum ; foliis petiolatis, lanceolatis vel anguste lanceo-
latis, apice mucronatis, serratis, ad basin laminæ appendiculatis; stipulis parvis,
linearibus, subulatis; appendiculis stipuliformibus 2 magnis, crescentiformibus,
serratis, supra pedunculos e caule exorientibus ; ramulis floriferis gracilibus, strictis,
erecto-patentibus, quam folia duplo brevioribus, 1—2-floris, supra florum insertionem
subito attenuatis, demum iterum incrassatis, in cirrhum simplicem exeuntibus ;
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 15
pedicellis gracillimis ad basin appendiculatis; sepalis 5 obtusis (in sicco flavo-
viridibus) ; petalis nullis; corona exteriore gamophylla, cylindracea, ore longe
fimbriata, corona interiore annulari brevissima ; staminibus inclusis; stylis precipue
post anthesin exsertis, divergentibus, filiformibus ; stigmatibus clavatiformibus ;
fruetu pericarpio chartaceo ovoideo; seminibus fere ellipticis applanatis.
Hab. Zomba.
Stem 1-13 ft. high; leaves 2 in. to nearly 3 in. long, 3 in. to nearly 4 in. broad;
peduncles ¿ in. long.
- This plant resembles Tryphostemma zanzibaricum, Mast. in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. ii.
p. 508, in the structure of its flowers. Engler, in the * Botanische Jahrbücher’ for 1892,
revises the genus Tryphostemma, proposing the sections Hutryphostemma, Neotrypho-
stemma, and Basananthe, this last section, consisting of West-tropical African pian;
having been formerly kept up as a genus. |
T. apetalum will belong to the section Hutryphostemma; but the peduncles are
1-2-flowered, and not 3-flowered. The stipuliform appendages referred to in the
description are organs similar to those found in T. triloba, Bolus in Hook. Icones Plant.
t. 1838, where, however, they are described as stipules; their point of insertion is above
the peduncle.
MOMORDICA FETIDA, Schum. et Thonn, Pl. Guin. p. 426.
Hab. Zomba.
Distr. Abyssinia; Cordofan; Central Africa; Guinea; Fernando Po; Natal.
HYDROCOTYLE ASIATICA, Linn.; Hiern, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 6.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 197.
Widely spread in Tropical and Subtropical regions.
PHYSOTRICHIA BUCHANANI, Benth. in Hook. Icones Plant. t. 1358.
Hab. Milanji. No. 14.
Gathered on Zomba by Buchanan and Sir J. Kirk.
PEUCEDANUM, Sp.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft.
CAUCALIS MELANANTHA, Benth. & Hook. fil.; Hiern, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 26.
Hab. Milanji. No. 121.
Distr. Abyssinia, alt. 9300 ft. (Schimper); Camaroons, alt. 7000-9000 ft., Kilima-
njaro; Masai Country; Kapte Plateau, 5000-6000 ft. ; Plateau, Lake Nyasa; also in
Madagascar.
CAUCALIS PEDUNCULATA, Baker fib, n. sp. ©. radice crassa; caule adscendente, canali-
culato, albo-piloso; foliis ovatis, bipinnatifidis, segmentis oblongis acutis, incisis,
inferioribus distincte petiolatis, vagina membranacea, venosa, magne dilatata,
margine albo-pilosa ; umbellis terminalibus, involucri et involucelli bracteis lineari-
16 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
lanceolatis ; floribus parvis (in sicco flavo-viridibus) ; petalis obovatis ; fructu flavo-
viridi cum setis paulum pallidioribus, vittis primariis haud prominentibus setis
brevibus armatis, vittis secondariis setis glochidiatis longioribus armatis.
Hab. Milanji. No. 160.
Fruit 4 in. long.
This plant was also collected at Blantyre by L. Scott, in Oct. 1887, and near Muata
Menya, Zambesia, alt. 4000 ft., by Sir J. Kirk.
Differs from O. melanantha, Benth. et Hook. fil, in having the secondary umbels
borne on peduncles of half an inch in length and in the flowers being a different colour.
C. melanantha has dark purple flowers.
CUSSONIA, sp.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 54.
MONOPETALA. (By James Brrrren, F.LS.)
(ACANTHACEA, by S. Moore, F.L.S.; Royrena, by W. P. Hiern, M.A., F.L.S.;
SELAGO, by R. A. Rolfe, A.L.S.)
PENTAS * PURPUREA, Oliver, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. p. 83, vel aff.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
OTOMERIA DILATATA, Hiern, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 50.
Hab. Lomba; Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 139.
PENTODON DECUMBENS, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, p. 552.
Hab. Zomba.
OLDENLANDIA (cf. O. caffra, Eckl. & Zeyh.).
Hab. Milanji.
OLDENLANDIA OLIVERIANA, K. Schum. in Engl. Hochgebirgsflora, p. 397.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. Nos. 126, 146, 177.
PsYCHOTRIA HIRTELLA, Oliver, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. II. ii. p. 336.
Hab. Milanji. i
ANTHOSPERMUM WHYTEANUM, Britten, sp. n. Suffruticosum, virgatum ; caule erecto,
1-13-pedali, inferne nudo, superne dense ramoso; ramis erectis vel adscendentibus,
brevibus, dense floriferis, ramis superioribus post anthesin ad 14-3 poll. productis;
* It may be worth while noting that Pentas mombassana, Hiern, mentioned by Prof. Oliver in Trans, Linn. Soc.
ser. II. ii. p. 335, is a MS. name in the Kew Herbarium for the plant subsequently published by Mr. Hiern (Journ.
Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 262) as P. parvifolia.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 17
foliosis, seepe ramulosis; foliis lanceolatis acutis, 1-3 poll. longis, verticillatis vel
fastigiatis, marginibus revolutis, hirtis; fructibus minimis, 1—3nis, obovato-cuneatis,
hirsutis, in axillis profunde insertis. Flores non vidi.
Hab. Milanji. No. 48.
An erect woody undershrub; stems bare below, with numerous usually short branches
above, densely covered with inflorescence in the lower portion and continued into barren
leafy shoots 13-3 in. long; the leaves and branches are clothed with short hairs.
Approaching 4. emirnense in habit, but readily distinguished by the long terminal leafy
shoots.
ANTHOSPERMUM LANCEOLATUM, Thunb, Prod. Pl. Cap. p. 32.
Hab. Milanji.
Widely distributed in South Africa.
SPERMACOCE DIBRACHIATA, Oliver, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. p. 88.
Hab, Milanji, 6000 ft. Nos. 144, 162,
GALIUM APARINE, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 108,
Hab. Milanji. No. 132.
A mere fragment, probably of this species.
VALERIANA CAPENSIS, Thunb. Prod. Pl. Cap. p. 7.
Hab, Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 114.
The specimens differ from South African examples in the greater length of the
elongated terminal leaflet, but I do not find other differences. The genus has hitherto
been recorded from Tropical Africa only by Prof. Oliver (Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. IL. ii.
p. 337), who had a single flowering specimen, insufficient for description, from Kilima-
njaro.
BoTHRIOCLINE SCHIMPERI, Oliver, var. LONGIPES, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii.
p. 266.
Hab, Milanji, 6000 ft. Nos. 40, 125.
VERNONIA MARGINATA, Oliver & Hiern, /. c. iii. p. 278.
Hab. Zomba.
VERNONIA PTEROPODA, Oliver & Hiern, 7. c. iii. p. 283.
-Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
VERNONIA GLABRA, Vatke, in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. xxvii. p. 194,
Hab, Milanji, 6000 ft.
VERNONIA PoskrgANa, Vatke € Hildebr. l. c. xxv. p. 324.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. Nos. 98, 179, 190.
VERNONIA ($ STENGELIA) WHyYTEANA, Britten, sp. n. Frutex erectus; ramis süb.
angulosis, rigidis, tomentosis; foliis 2-3 poll longis, petiolatis, superioribus sub-
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. D
18 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
sessilibus, cordato-ovatis acutis, irregulariter dentatis, superne puberulis, subtus
cano-tomentosis, venis conspicuis; petiolis 1 poll. long.; pedunculis robustis;
capitulis paucis (4-5) in cymis terminalibus corymbosis, late campanulatis, 13-2 poll.
diam.; involueri squamis multiseriatis, leevibus, fusco-viridibus, late triangulatis,
irregulariter crenato-dentatis, acutis, exterioribus recurvis, interioribus erectis
lanceolatis, corneis, obtusatis, pappo proxime equantibus; pappo stramineo, achenis
fuscis. Corollam non vidi.
Hab. Zomba.
A fine species, near V. adoensis, Sch. Bip., and V. drymaria, Klatt. The specimens
are all in fruit; but in general appearance this species is very distinct from any that 1
have seen, and the shape of the leaves distinguishes it at once from its allies.
VERNONIA NATALENSIS, Sch. Bip. in Walp. Repert. ii. p. 947.
Hab. Zomba and Milanji (Whyte); Angola (Welwitsch, No. 3338).
VERNONIA NATALENSIS, var.
.-Hab. Milanji.
Upper surface of the leaves green and nearly glabrous, underside silvery; midrib
conspicuous; margin more or less revolute; involucral scales short, broad, mucronate,
with dark tips. Possibly a distinct species, between Y. natalensis and Y. pinifolia.
AGERATUM CONYZOIDES, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 839.
Hab. Milanji. No. 187.
EUPATORIUM AFRICANUM, Oliver € Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 301.
Hab. Milanji. Nos. 66, 106; Zomba.
DICHROCEPHALA LATIFOLIA, DC. in Guill. Archiv. Bot. ii. p. 518.
Hab. Milanji.
NIDORELLA MICROCEPHALA, Steetz, in Peters, Mossamb., Bot. p. 406.
Hab. Milanji, No. 67; Zomba.
CONYZA VARIEGATA, Sch. Bip. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 388.
Hab. Milanji.
Conyza EGYPTIACA, Ait. Hort. Kew, iii. p. 183.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 153.
BLUMEA LACERA, DC. in Wight, Contrib. Bot. Ind. p. 14.
Hab. Zomba.
ACHYROCLINE HocnsTETTERI, Sch. Bip. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 429.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 107.
ACHYROCLINE SCHIMPERI, Sch. Bip. /. e. p. 428.
Hab. Milanji.
COLLECTED BY MR, ALEXANDER WHYTE. 19
GNAPHALIUM LUTEO-ALBUM, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 851.
Hab. Milanji.
HELICHRYSUM CYMOSUM, D. Don in Mem. Wern. Soc. v. p. 550, var. ?
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 32.
HELICHRYSUM NITENS, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 350.
Hab. Milanji plateau, 7000 ft. No. 28.
HELICHRYSUM BUCHANANI, Engl. Hochgebirgsflora, p. 429.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 134.
“The natives resort to the plateau of Milanji periodically to manufacture salt from
this plant, whieh grows on the poor gravelly ground of the ridges on the plain."—
A. Whyte.
HELICHRYSUM NUDIFOLIUM, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 299.
Hab. Milanji.
HELICHRYSUM WHYTEANUM, Britten, sp. n... Fruticosa, ramosa ; ramis lignosis, foliosis,
albo-tomentosis; foliis lineari-oblongis vel lanceolatis, coriaceis, acutis, amplexi-
caulibus, superne glabris, subtus albo-lanatis, marginibus recurvatis, 3-1 poll.
long., 34-3 poll. lat.; capitulis late campanulatis, solitariis vel 2-5nis, sessilibus
vel breviter pedunculatis, argenteis, 1 poll. latis; involucri bracteis multiseriatis,
lanceolatis obtusis. |
Hab. Milanji plateau, 6000-8000 ft. (Whyte, No. 27); Nyasa-land (Buchanan, No.
950) (1891).
A handsome plant, near 11. Newii, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 349, and
H. Hohnelii, Schweinf. in Hohnel, Rudolph-See, p. 862. The young branches are leafy
throughout, the older ones bare and almost glabrous below, with conspicuous leaf-scars.
HELICHRYSUM MILANJIENSE, Britten, sp. n. Fruticosa, ramosa; ramis erectis, mono-
cephalis; foliis lineari-acutis, amplexicaulibus, adpressis, inferioribus recurvatis,
superioribus patentibus, subtus laxe albo-lanatis, marginibus revolutis; capitulis
campanulatis, sessilibus, luteis, 3 poll. longis, $ poll. latis; involucri bracteis ovato-
lanceolatis acutis.
Hab. Milanji plateau, 6000 ft. No. 52.
Resembling H. Kirkii, but distinguished at once by the monocephalous branches all
springing from near the root. Leaves about 1 inch long, closely adpressed to the stem
for a third of their length, the lower recurved; heads shining dull yellow.
HELICHRYSUM DENSIFLORUM, Oliver, in Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 2286.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. (Whyte, No. 118); Nyasa-land (Buchanan, No. 933).
HELICHRYSUM LATIFOLIUM, Less. Syn. Comp. p: 297.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
| D2
20 THE PLANTS OF MILANSI, NYASA-LAND,
A Cape species, to which I refer the plant from Zambesi (Stewart) placed in Fl. Trop.
Afr. iii. p. 353 as a form of H. gerberefolium.
HELICHRYSUM GERBERJEFOLIUM, Sch. Bip. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 425.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 80.
HELICHRYSUM UNDATUM, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 298.
Hab. Zomba.
HELICHRYSUM AURICULATUM, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 311.
-Hab. Zomba.
ATHRIXIA ROSMARINIFOLIA, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 355.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 58.
EPALLAGE DENTATA, DC. Prod. vi. p. 4.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 37.
A common and variable Malagasy species; genus not, I think, hitherto reported
from the mainland.
BLAINVILLEA GAYANA, Cass. in Dict. Sc. Nat. xlvii. p. 90.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 94. :
MELANTHERA ABYSSINICA, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 382.
Hab. Zomba.
MELANTHERA Brownet, Sch. Bip. in Flora, 1844, p. 673.
Hab. Zomba.
SPILANTHES ACMELLA, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. XIII. ii. p. 618.
Hab. Milanji.
BIDENS PILOSA, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 832.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
|. GYNURA cernva, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, p. 437.
Hab. Zomba.
GYNURA AMPLEXICAULIS, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 403.
Hab. Milanji.
: GYNURA CREPIDIOIDES, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, p. 438.
.. Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 176.
: CINERARIA KILIMANSCHARICA, Engl. Hochgebirgsflora, p. 439.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 132.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 21
To this is to be referred “ Cineraria abyssinica, Sch. Bip., forma,” of Mr. H. H.
Johnston’s Kilima-njaro collections (Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. II. ii. p. 340).
SENECIO LATIFOLIUS, DC. Prod. vi. p. 387. (S. bupleuroides, DC.)
Hab. Milanji, 6909 ft. Nos. 70, 109; Zomba.
SENECIO LASIORHIZUS, DC. ? Z. c.
Hab. Milanji.
SENECIO WHYTEANUS, Britten, sp. n. Perennis, glaber, rhizomate obliquo; caule erecto,
herbaceo, striato-suleato, 1—3-pedali; foliis inferioribus petiolatis, petiolo 1-2 poll.
longo, decurrente, basi amplexicauli, lamina 14-3 poll. longa x 1 poll. lata, ovatis vel
laneeolatis acutis, crenato-serratis, margine glandulosis; foliis superioribus lanceo-
latis, subintegris, 1 poll. longis, bracteiformibus ; panicula corymbosa, laxa; pedicellis
elongatis, patentibus, paucis; capitulis in quoque pedicello solitariis suffultis multi-
floris, magnis, 1 poll. latis; bracteolis lineari-lanceolatis acutis; involucro multi-
bracteato ; bracteis lanceolatis acutis, 4-5 lin. longis, margine scarioso ; ligulis luteis,
paucis, maenis, striatis, quam involucra duplo longioribus, 2 lin. latis.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 109.
Habit of S. lasiorhizus, DC., to which it bears considerable general resemblance.
Leaves mostly from the rootstock or lower portion of the stem, passing into narrow
almost entire bracts; the teeth tipped with large cushion-like glands ; panicle lax, capitula
few, solitary, on ascending peduncles, 3-6 inches long.
SENECIO AURICULATISSIMUS, Britten, sp. n. Fruticosa, scandens, glabra; foliis auriculatis ;
auriculis magnis, simplicibus, integris, ovato-cordatis, amplexicaulibus, 3-1 poll.
longis; lamina 1-2 poll. lata, e basi cordata obreniformis, apice late depresso vel eroso,
crenato-dentato, dentibus latis obtusis truncatis, subtus pallida, venis conspicuis;
inflorescentia laxe corymbosa ; pedunculis bracteolatis, bracteolis subulatis; florum
marginalium tubus 2 lin. longus, ligula 3-4 lin. longa; capitula late campanulata.
Hab. Milanji, No. 83; also from Makua country (J. 7. Last, 1887) and Shiré Highlands
(Buchanan, 1881).
Well distinguished by the very large auricles, which are often cordate at the base,
assuming a 2-lobed appearance, through which the petiole is continued; the upper leaves
are sometimes reduced to their auricles. I have not found ripe achenes, but Prof. Oliver
places the plant in Senecio (Herb. Kew); it has the habit of some climbing Cinerarias.
OTHONNA WHYTEANA, Britten, sp. n. (Plate IV. figs. 1,2.) Fruticosa vel subfruticosa,
erecta, glabra, multicaulis, pedalis, superne ramosissima; ramis crebris, brevibus; foliis
obovato-lanceolatis acutis, carnosis, 1-13 poll. longis; paniculis elongatis foliaceis,
densis; capitulis numerosis, campanulatis, nutantibus; pedunculis bracteolatis,
gracilibus, patentibus vel reflexis, post anthesin elongatis, erectis; bracteis invo-
lucri 5, lanceolatis acuminatis, }-1 poll. longis, marginibus membranaceis; pappo
ho
bo
THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
post anthesin elongato, erecto, patente, 1-14 poll. longo ; acheniis 4 lin. longis, 2 lin.
latis, costatis, glabris.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 62.
A very distinct species, with numerous erect wand-like stems, becoming leafless below,
clothed above with obovate-lanceolate acute, fleshy, sessile leaves, tapering to the base,
and short flowering branches, forming a dense, elongated, leafy panicle; peduncles slender,
spreading or reflexed during flowering, afterwards stouter and erect; heads campanulate,
about 3 in. long wnile flowering, and then nodding, afterwards erect, the upper opening
first; involucral bracts 5, lanceolate-acuminate, about i in. long during flowering,
extending to lin. afterwards, with white membranous margins; pappus yellowish white,
much elongated after flowering, 1-12 in. long, spreading, resembling a shaving-brush ;
achenes smooth, or with a few very short hairs.
Allied to Othonna coriifolia (Sond.), with which O. Bainesii, Oliver & Hiern, has been
identified ; from which, however, it is very different in general appearance, as well as in
the characters given above. It is the only species peculiar to Tropical Africa.
BERKHEYA ($ Sron.gA) JOHNSTONIANA, Britten, sp. n. B. caule erecto, herbaceo, striato,
irregulariter alato ; foliis radicalibus et inferioribus (5—7 poll. longis, 14 latis) pinna-
tifidis, subtus dense albo-tomentosis, supra viridibus dense setosis, setis luteis
flaccidis, marginibus setosis vel spinellosis; petiolis decurrentibus; foliis caulinis
minoribus lineari-lanceolatis; capitulis paucis (3-4), dense corymbosis, discoideis ;
peduneulis brevibus, post anthesin elongatis; squamis involucralibus lineari-lanceo-
latis, serratis, spinescentibus acutis; acheniis glabris, pappo pallide fusco.
Hab. Milanji. No. 7.
Stem herbaceous, erect, conspicuously furrowed below, less so above, irregularly winged,
radical and lower stem-leaves 5-7 in. long, 14 broad, irregularly pinnatifid, clotted beneath
with white felty tomentum and above with weak yellowish spines, margins irregularly
spinescent ; heads small, in dense corymbs of 3-4 peduncles, elongating after flowering ;
flowers all discoid, purplish(?). The inflorescence, when young, resembles that of a
Cirsium.
BERKHEYA SUBULATA, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Capensis iii. p. 507.
Hab. Zomba.
ERYTHROCEPHALUM ZAMBESIANUM, Oliver & Hiern, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 441.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.; Zomba.
"E diit ABYSSINICA, Sch. Bip. in A. THU Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 458.
Hab. Milanji. No. 111.
Torts: ABYSSINICA, Sch. Bip. in — Pl. Abyss. i. No. 1?
Hob. Hee es Zomba. |
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 23
CREPIS, sp.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 141.
Lactuca CAPENSIS, Thunb. Prod. Pl. Cap. p. 139.
. Hab. Milanji; Zomba.
LoBELIA FERVENS, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ii. p. 46?
Hab. Milanji. No. 100.
LOBELIA, sp.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. Nos. 21, 182.
WAHLENBERGIA OPPOSITIFOLIA, A. DC. Prod. vii. p. 429.
Hab. Milanji.
WARLENBERGIA, sp.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 101.
LIGHTFOOTIA ABYSSINICA, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. p. 1.
Hab. Milanji, No. 117; Zomba.
VACCINIUM AFRICANUM, Britten, sp. n. (Plate IV. figs. 3-5.) Frutex vel arbor parva;
ramis glabris, erectis vel adscendentibus; foliis sessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis,
glabris, ovatis acutis, serratis, subtus reticulatis, 2-3 poll. longis, 3-4 poll. latis ;
racemis bracteatis, axillaribus 1-2 poll. longis; floribus pedunculatis, solitariis vel
binis, nutantibus, subglobosis, calycis segmentis triangularibus, glabris, patentibus
acutis; corollze subcampanulatee, 5-fidee, segmentis brevibus recurvatis ; staminibus
corollam «quantibus vel paullo longioribus. Fructus non vidi.
Hab. Milanji, 7000-8000 ft.
This is, I believe, the first Vaccinium recorded from the African continent. Mr. Whyte
collected it in considerable abundance, and its very numerous (white or red?) flowers
doubtless render it a conspicuous figure in the landscape.
Erica JOHNSTONIANA, Britten, sp. n. (Plate V. figs. 1-6.) Fruticulus adscendens vel
erectus; folia 4-na ovata, 3-4 lin. longa, 1-13 lata, dense imbricata, adscendentia,
incurva, marginibus revolutis pectinatis; flores dense capitati, axillares, nutantes,
breviter pedicellati ; sepala lineari-lanceolata, marginibus dense hirsutis; corolla
calycem æquans vel paulo excedens, campanulata ; antheris appendiculatis, appen-
diculis tomentosis semi-orbicularibus, marginibus fimbriatis.
- Hab. Milanji plateau, 6000-6500 ft. No. 4.
A low, much-branched shrub ; branches especially numerous on the upper part of the
stem above the flowers, erect, of a woolly appearance owing to the close aggregation at
the tips of the white hairs which fringe the leaves; flowers red ?, 4-12 together in dense,
nodding, globose heads on short axillary branches. It seems to come nearest to
E. Solandra, Andr.
24, THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
Erica WHYTEANA, Britten, sp. n. (Plate VI. figs. 7-12.) Fruticulus erectus, glaber-
rimus, ramosus ; ramulis paucis, erectis vel adscendentibus, junioribus dense foliosis ;
foliis 4-nis, superne aggregatis, lanceolatis, rigidis, aciculatis, 4 lin. longis, 3 lin. latis;
inflorescentia racemosa, racemis bracteatis, axillaribus paucifloris vel terminalibus,
multifloris ; bracteis foliaceis ; floribus breviter pedicellatis, sepalis patentibus, acumi-
natis, 1 lin. long.; corolla urceolata, persistente, 2 lin. longa; staminibus membra-
naceis, inclusis, antheris magnis appendiculatis, appendiculis parvis lanceolatis.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 59.
A smooth plant of virgate habit, the older branches leafless, or nearly so, for more
than half their length ; the flowers when dry are of a brittle texture; they appear to be
orange or red.
With the exception of the widely distributed Æ. arborea, I am not aware that this
characteristic Cape genus has hitherto been recorded from Tropical Africa.
PHILIPPIA MILANJIENSIS, Britten & Rendle, sp. n. Fruticulus ramulis pubescentibus ;
foliis 4-nis, crassiusculis, oblongo-linearibus, glabris, suberectis, breviter petiolatis;
floribus parvis, ad apices ramulorum pluribus umbellatis glomeratis, breviter
pedicellatis; calycis lobis 4 quam corolla brevioribus, subrotundis, unius apice
elongato, crassiusculo ; corollae brevis campanulatz lobis 4 rotundis, rubris ;
antheris valde exsertis, liberis; ovario subgloboso, albo-incano ; stigmate magno,
peltato.
A much-branched shrub, the slender ultimate branches finely pubescent ; the leaves are
arranged in fours, deciduous, glabrous, and 1-14 lines long. One of the sepals is produced
into a short, rather thick tail; the reddish corolla is 2 line long; the strongly exserted
stamens are % line long, the anther 4 line. The ovary is 3 line long, subglobose, and
covered with short white hairs. The stigma is large and capitate.
Hab. Milanji, 6000-8000 ft.
PHILIPPIA BENGUELLENSIS, Welw. in herb. (Salaxis benguellensis, Engl. Hochgebirgs-
flora, p. 328.)
Hab. Milanji, 7000 ft. No. 31.
I do not know why Prof. Engler removes this from Philippia, in which genus
Welwitsch, after careful examination, had placed it. In the absence of ripe fruit, it is
- impossible to say in which genus the plant should rest, but the general facies and the
distribution of the genus induce me to leave it in Philippia. "The clavis character in
Gen. Plant.—*: Stamina 4 "—would exclude it from Salaxis, but in the full description
| o: that genus we read “Stamina 6-8.”
|... Welwitsch vef that this is called by the Portuguese colonists * Cedro pequeno”’ or
“Cedro pequinino.” Mr. Whyte has a specimen which is only in bud, but seems to
ae be a new Philippia, which he labels as the foliage of a Cypress.
5 b. Brarnra SETULOSA, Welw. ex Engl. Hochgebirgsflora, p. 328.
Hab. TEN intent 6000—7000 ft. No. 26.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 25
Royrena WHYTEANA, Hiern, sp. n. Foliis lanceolatis vel anguste ovali-ovatis, tenuiter
coriaceis, margine sericeo-setoso, basi subcordatis, breviter petiolatis; floribus
solitariis, 6—7-meris; calyce semi-fisso, lobis lanceolatis vel ovatis; staminibus 8 ;
ovario (in floribus masculis rudimentario ?) piloso, in stylis 2 desinente.
Branches dark ashy; towards the extremities dark ferruginous and hispid, leafy.
Leaves (of the young shoots) alternate, entire, lanceolate or narrowly oval-ovate, some-
what cordate at base, acutely pointed at apex, thinly coriaceous; silky, with pale tawny
setose hairs on the margin and on the midrib both above and below; 1}~1} in. long by
2-2 in. broad; midrib depressed above ; petiole 4-4 in. long, clothed with tawny
setose hairs. Flowers solitary. Peduúñele axillary, about ? in. long, clothed with
tawny setose hairs, bracteate about the middle; bracts opposite or solitary, sessile,
lanceolate, glabrous above, clothed beneath with tawny hairs, about 4 in. long. Calyx
hemispherical, 6—7-eft, setose towards the base, } in. long; teeth lanceolate or ovate,
acute. Corolla ¿ in. long, deeply divided ; lobes 6, glabrous, oblong or slightly obovate,
obtusely pointed, net-veined, reflexed. Stamens 8, }%s-} in. long; anthers narrowly
linear-lanceolate, somewhat hairy at the back upwards, filaments TT short. Ovary
hairy, narrow (rudimentary ?); styles 2, glabrous.
Hab. Milanji.
The affinity of the species is with R. scabrida, Harv.
TABERNZMONTANA VENTRICOSA, Hochst. ex DC. Prod. viii. p. 366.
Hab. Milanji. No. 188.
TABERNZMONTANA STAPFIANA, Britten, sp. n. Foliis coriaceis oblongo-ellipticis, basi
acutis, apice obtusis, 5-7 poll. longis, 2-3 poll. latis, nervis lateralibus prominenti-
bus 12-14; floribus corymbose-paniculatis, paniculis in foliorum anni preecedentis
axillis, pedunculo pedicellisque crassis, calyce 5-lineo, corollæ tubo pollicari sub-
cylindrico, medio minus quam in 7' angolensi ampliato, lobis late-obovatis vel
suborbicularibus, 16 lin. longis, 10-12 latis, apice rotundis, staminibus infra
medium insertis fauces minime attingentibus, 5 lin. longis.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 87. Md
Differs from 7. angolensis, Stapf (Kew Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information,
1894, p. 23), in the more prominently-nerved leaves, thicker pedicels, and larger flowers.
I have named this species after Dr. O. Stapf, to whom I am indebted for pointing out
its affinity with his recently described 7' angolensis. In that description he makes no
reference to the fruit, which is absent both from the British Museum and Kew speci-
mens. The plant is the “ No. 55 (Apocynacez) ” of the Apontamentos (p. 588), where
the fruit is described as “ fructus follicularis geminatus, mole, forma, et colore fruct.
citr. aurantii. Semina membranis suberosis involuta (in optimo statu!).” To the
specimen in the British Museum, where we have a complete transcript of all Welwitsch's
notes, is attached a similar description, with the addition of “ Flores et fructus maturos
et immaturos ssepius eodem tempore fert."
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. E
26 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
MASCARENHASIA VARIEGATA, Britten & Rendle, sp.n. (Plate VI. figs. 1-3.) Frutex
glaber, ramosus ; foliis breviter petiolatis, ovalibus vel ovali-oblongis, subacuminatis
vel obtusiusculis, rigide coriaceis, sepe variegatis ; floribus pedicellatis, interdum
terminalibus et solitariis, interdum paucis in stirpibus brevibus axillaribus vel
terminalibus fasciculatis ; calycis lobis ovatis, intus glanduliferis; coroll hyper-
crateriformis tubo supra medium, ad antherarum situm, dilatato, campanuliformi,
lobis patentibus late ovatis, apice acuminatis, intus papillosis; antheris sagittatis,
filamentis brevissimis; disci squamis planis, crassis, 4 per paria connatis, quinta
libera, carpella distineta superantibus ; carpellorum parte superiore et stylo filiformi
pilis fulvis indutis.
The shoots are hard and woody; the leaves vary in size from 31 to 51 in. long, and 3 to
13 in. broad, the larger ones are markedly variegated. The flowers are terminal and
solitary, or 4-6 are crowded on a short terminal or axillary shoot, giving the appearance
of an umbel; the pedicel of the open flower is about + in. long. The calyx is 1 line
long, and bears, inside at the base of the lobe, a ring of short, closely set, blunt, tooth-like
glands. The corolla-tube is 5 lines long, and tapers slightly from below upwards to the
middle, where it becomes dilated and campanulate; at the dilated portion, which
represents the insertion of the stamens, it is 13 lines in diameter. The spreading corolla-
lobes are 33 lines long by 23 broad, and have a marked acuminate apex. The narrow
sagittate anthers are 1j lines long. A divergence from the generic diagnosis in the
‘Genera Plantarum’ occurs in the fact that the disk-scales overtop the ovary. The latter
is covered on the upper half with stiff yellowish hairs, and similar but shorter hairs clothe
the thin style. Fruit not seen. |
Agrees in many points with Baker's description of JM. micrantha, but the leaves are
much larger and narrower in proportion ; the flowers are also larger and have a much
longer tube, that of M. micrantha being only twice the length of the calyx, which is 1 line
long; the limb of M. micrantha is only 4 in. across, that of M. variegata nearly $ in.
By the discovery of the present species, the genus Mascarenhasia, hitherto known
only from Madagascar, is extended to the mainland.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. No. 108.
Ectapiopsis WeELwWITscHIT, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, ii. p. 803.
Hab. Milanji. No. 134.
SCHIZOGLOSSUM Nyasa, Britten & Rendle, sp. n. Suffrutex caule erecto, simplici, pubes-
=- cente; foliis sessilibus, cuneatis vel cuneato-oblongis, apice mucronulatis, utrinque
glabris vel basi et marginibus revolutis, puberulis; inflorescentia terminali umbellis
pluribus lateralibus aucta; bracteis subulatis, puberulis, quam florum pedicelli
puberuli brevioribus; sepalis subulatis, sparse puberulis; petalis ovato-oblongis,
= multinerviis, dorso glabris, intus papillosis; coronz lobis gynostegium superan-
. ibus planis, trilobatis, medio incrassatis, geminis appendiculis tenuibus suffultis ;
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. : 27
gynostegio subsessili, coronz lobis duplo breviore; styli apice pentagono, medio
umbonato; antherarum connectivo apice membranaceo expanso, super stylum
revoluto,
The single specimen is 32 in. high; the soft, woody, cylindrical, hollow stem 24 lines
in diameter for the lower 18 in., tapering gradually above in the flowering portion.
The leaves are 1-13 in. long and 4-5 lines at the broadest part, with a single prominent
midrib and spreading lateral veins. The subulate flexible bracts are 2 lines long, the
flower-pedicels 3-4 lines. The open flower measures nearly 5 lines across; the sepals
are 1 lines long, the petals 23 lines by 1 broad; the corona-segments 13 lines long,
with a broad trilobed apex, the lateral lobes being short and rounded, and the central
one more than twice as long and acute, and exceeding the acute subfalcate
appendages. —
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
SCHIZOGLOSSUM BARBATUM, Britten & Rendle, sp. n. Suffrutex caulibus e rhizomate
crassiusculo ligneo pluribus tenuibus, seepissime simplicibus, puberulis; foliis
linearibus vel lineari-lanceolatis acutis, subglabris vel sparse puberulis, margine
revolutis ; inflorescentia umbellis pluribus, terminali; bracteis parvis, filiformibus,
deciduis ; florum pedicellis tenuibus, puberulis; coroll: rotate lobis anguste ovatis,
subacutis, reflexis, superne puberulis, dorso glabris ; sepalis subulatis, superne glabris,
dorso et margine sparse puberulis ; coronæ segmentis planis, intus medio bicarinatis,
apice in caudam crassam, acuminatam, e flore exsertam productis; gynostegio
subsessili, styli apice plano pentagono ; antherarum connectivo velut in specie
preecedente.
The slender stems are 7-9 in. long, the lower leaves an inch or less in length, the
upper 2-23 in. The minute filiform bracts are 1 line long, the flower pedicels 3-4 lines.
The open flower is 3-4 lines across; the sepals 13 lines long, the corolla-lobes 2 lines
long by 1 line broad. The corona-segments are 2 lines long, the flexuose exserted tails
often 14 lines.
This is at once distinguished from the preceding species by its thin stems, narrow leaves,
and terminal inflorescence, and the shape of the corona-segments with their long and
conspicuous tails. It seems near SS. elatum, K. Schum. (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xvii. p. 123),
judging from the description, but differs in having broader leaves, a terminal
inflorescence, flowers twice the size, and very long corona-tails.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct.
STATHMOSTELMA REFLEXUM, Britten & Rendle, sp. n.. (Plate VI. figs. 4-6.) Suffrutex
caulibus erectis, strictis, super basin teretem complanatis, glabris, apice puberulis;
foliis subsessilibus, lineari-lanceolatis, elongatis, acutis, glabris, margine recurvatis,
subscabridis; inflorescentia umbellata, terminali, simplici vel interdum ramo
laterali; umbella 4-flora; pedicellis tenuibus puberulis; sepalis parvis, lanceolatis,
acutis, dorso puberulis; corolle abrupte reflexe, pallidze, lobis ovatis, tubo brevi;
: 0
28 ' THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
coronse lobis petaloideis, aurantiacis, gynostegium alte superantibus, oblongis,
cucullatis, apice integris, medio dentibus binis productis et e cavitate appendiculam
falcatam emittentibus ; styli apice orbiculari, 5-lobulato, medio depresso.
The generally simple stems are 13-22 in. long; the slender flaccid leaves have a midrib
prominent on the lower surface and slightly or ODRES with no other venation visible ;
the length varies considerably, from 23 to 6 in., and the breadth from 14 to 24 lines.
The flower-pedicels are slender, 8-9 lines long; the bracts have fallen. The flowers
measure 4 lines across; the small sepals (1 line long) are quite hidden by the corolla,
which is abruptly reflexed almost at its base; the short corolla-tube is £ line long, the
ovate lobes 3 lines by 1% broad. The large bright orange ob edt ud are 31 lines
long, and stand erect above the petals. The arms of the pollen-earriers gradually
broaden from the attachment, forming a wide upper membranous portion with an
incurving lower edge; the small pollinia-bearing portion is attached to this by an
acuminate apex.
The species is near S. incarnatum, K. Schum. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xvii. p. 130, but
distinguished by the oblong corona-lobe with its entire apex, that of S. incarnatum
being truncate and subtrilobate; the appendage is also much larger, projecting beyond
the cavity, whereas in S. incarnatum itis smalland hidden in the cavity; the arms of
the pollen-carriers are also narrower in the Milanji species.*
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
* The following new species of this genus collected by Dr. Welwitsch, may be described here :—
SrATHMOSTELMA Wetwitscui, Britten € Rendle. Suffrutex perennis, tubere duro napiformi, valde lactescens ;
caulibus erectis, teretibus, glabris, ramosis; foliis elongatis, lineari-lanceolatis, viridi-subglaucescentibus,
subcarnosulis; inflorescentia umbellata ; umbellis 2-6-floris; pedicellis puberulis; sepalis ovati-lanceolatis,
acutis, subpuberulis; corolle rotate, intense aurantiace, tubo perbrevi, lobis ovalibus acutis; corons lobis
petaloideis, gynostegium valde superantibus, oblongis, apice truncatis, cucullatis, dentibus binis acutis lateralibus
sub cuculla instructis et medio appendiculam truncatam emittentibus, inferne carinatis; gynostegio altiuscule
pedicellato; translatorum brachiis oblongis, basi = subito in filum tenue contractis, iterum in aream
triangularem polliniferam dilatatis.
The plant is 23-4 ft. high; the leaves closely resemble those of S. reflexum, but are slightly broader and less
flaccid; the open flowers measure a little less than an inch across, their pedicels being ¿to 1} in. long. The
sepals are 3 lines long by 1 broad; the short corolla-tube is 2 line long, the spreading lobes 5 lines long by 2
broad. The truncate corona-segments are erect as in S. reflexum and 21 lines long, overtopping the stalked :
gynostegium ; a membranous keel runs from the base of the teeth down the middle of the lobe.
In flower in January.
_ Distinguished from the Milanji species by its sturdier habit, larger flowers, rotate corolla, truncate corona-
segments, and the shape of the arms of the translators. Is apparently near K. Schumann's S. rhacodes, which,
however, has smaller flowers, much longer corona-segments, and the arms of the translators contracted with
shoulders at the top. Decaisne’s Gomphocarpus chironioides, in DC. Prod. viii. p. 562, may belong to this species.
- Hab. Very rare in elevated sandy thickets near Pedras de Guinga, Pungo Andongo ( Welwitsch, * Iter Angolense;
No. 4168).
|. These plants. belong to the genus Stathmostelma, recently established by Dr. K. Schumann (Engl. Bot. Jahrb.
. xvii.p. 129, t. 6). His diagnosis is based on the very broad arms of the pollen-carriers (“ translators"), which
- characterize these species. Further investigation of the genera may lead, as Schumann himself points out, to a
considerable reduction in their number, in which case Stathmostelma will probably be relegated to Asclepias, and our
no RE E en 4. Welwitschii,
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 29
‘GOMPHOCARPUS PALUSTRIS, K. Schum. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xvii. p. 127.
Hab. Zomba.
MARGARETTA ROSEA, Oliver, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. p. 111.
Hab. Milanji. Nos. 106, 117.
PERGULARIA SANGUINOLENTA, Lindl. ex Sims, in Bot. Mag. t. 2532.
Hab. Gomba.
Mostvu«£A Brunonts, F. Didrichs. in Vidensk. Med. Nat. For. Kjóbenh. 1853, p. 87.
Hab. Milanji.
BUDDLEA, Sp.
Hab. Milanji. No. 113.
SEBJEA CRASSULJEFOLIA, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linneea, i. 193 (fide Schinz).
Hab. Milanji.
TRICHODESMA PHYSALOIDES, A. DC. in Prod. x. p. 173.
Hab. Zorba.
HEwITTIA BICOLOR, Wight & Arn. in Madr. Journ. Sc. ser. I. v. (1837) 22.
Hab. Milanji.
Ipoma@a OBSCURA, Ker, in Bot. Reg. t. 239.
Hab. Zomba.
IPoM«&A FULVICAULIS, Boiss, ex Hallier in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xviii. p. 128.
Hab. Milanji.
Our specimens have much shorter petioles than the type (Abyssinia, Schimper, Sect. i.
p. 240), but agree with it in other respects.
CONVOLVULUS MALVACEUS, Oliver, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. p. 117.
Hab. Milanji. No. 108.
HALLERIA ELLIPTICA, Thunb. in Nov. Act. Ups. vi. p. 39.
Hab. Milanji.
BUCHNERA, sp.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No, 71.
. CYCNIUM ADONENSE, E. Mey. ex Benth. in Comp. Bot. Mag. i. p. 368.
Hab. Milanji, 2000 ft. No. 186.
THUNBERGIA KrRKIANA, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. p. 19.
Hab. Milanji. : :
30 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
THUNBERGIA LANCIFOLIA, T. Anders. l.c.
Hab. Gomba.
THUNBERGIA ALATA, Boj. ex Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 177.
Hab. Milanji.
MIMULOPSIS SESAMOIDES, S. Moore, sp.n. J. caule ascendente ? folioso, foliis pro genere
magnis, longipetiolatis, e basi sat attenuata, levissime cordata, ovatis acuminatis,
grosse ac impariter dentatis, membranaceis, inflorescentia e paniculis terminalibus
brevibus (ac revera quam folia brevioribus) paucifloris vel elongatis et plurifloris
composita; paniculi ramis bibracteatis, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis calyce brevioribus,
calycis laciniis anguste Jinearibus elongatis, laciniis anticis quam reliqua brevioribus,
lacinia postica longiore; corollee pro genere magne, tubo superne gradatim ampli-
ficato, limbi lobis rotundato-ovatis, lobo antico majore, lobis reliquis subzequalibus ;
staminibus inclusis, filamentis per paria in membranam latam pilosam fere ad basin
tubi decurrentem connatis; antheris magnis, staminum anticorum loculo altero
abrupte recurvo-calearato, altero paullo minore, mutico, staminum posticorum quam
antica paullo minorum loculis muticis; disco obsoleto ; ovario oblongo, basi subito
incrassato; stylo piloso coronato; stigmatis lobo altero fere omnino obsoleto, altero
satis elongato; ovulis quovis in loculo 4; capsula anguste oblongo-ovoidea, calycem
sub:zequante, tetrasperma.
Hab. Milanji No. 89.
Caulis superne ultra 0:2 cm. diam., tetragonus, arcte pubescens, mox glaber; foliorum
lamina usque ad 12:0 em. longa (folia minora vero exstant), juxta medium 6:0-6'5
em. lata, ima basi fere ad 1:0 cm. angustata, utrinque, presertim in nervis, minute
puberula ; folia subtus decoloria, juvenilia pubescentia ; petioli 3*0—vix 6:0 cm. longi,
pubescentes, cito puberuli; paniculee glanduloso-piloso-pubescentes ; calycis lacini
majores 1:5-2:5 cm. longs, obtuse, nequaquam spathulate, glanduloso-pilose; —
corolla 3:0 em. diam., forsan violacea; limbi lobus anticus 1:1 em. latus, lobi
reliqui 0°8 cm. ; tubus 1-7 em. longus, sub faucibus circa 1-5 em. latus, deorsum ad
0:5 em. constrictus, antice piis decurvis longiusculis obsitus; filamenta libera
complanata, staminum anticorum vix 0°6 cm. longa, staminum posticorum paullo |
breviora; membrana decurrens 0:6 cm. longa; antherarum apice breviter pilosarum .
et obtusarum loculi majores 0:6 cm. longi, calcar eorum 0:1 em. longum, ad angulum |
rectum loculo insidens; ovarium 0:6 cm. longum, fere glabrum, apice obtusum; -
stylus 1:3 cm. attingens; stigmatis lobus alter 0'4 cm. longus, alter ad 0:02 cm. -
reductus ; ovula 0-1 cm. diam., biserialia; capsula usque 2:5 em. longa, breviter .
rostrata; semina suborbicularia, 07 cm. longa, 0:8 cm. lata, brunnea, levia, reti- |
naculis rectis sat validis 0°25 cm. longis fulta. |
Species memorabilis, et ob folia magna grosse dentata necnon flores majusculos conge- -
. neribus ab omnibus plane distincta.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 31
‘CROSSANDRA GREENSTOCKII, S. Moore, in Journ. Bot. 1880, p. 37.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 93.
ASYSTASIA COROMANDELIANA, Nees, in Wall. Pl. As. Rav. iii. p. 89.
Hab. Zomba.
BRACHYSTEPHANUS AFRICANUS, S. Moore, sp. n. B. caule folioso sat valido, in longitu-
dinem striato, appresse pubescente, parumper glabro; foliis majusculis, longius- vel
brevipetiolatis, ovatis, elongate caudato-acuminatis, basi in petiolum gradatim
desinentibus, utrinque puberulis et in nervis pag. inf. appresse ac strigose pubescen-
tibus; spicis ramulos laterales breves terminantibus (an unquam vere axillaribus ?)
elongatis, brevissime pedunculatis, vix omnino sessilibus; bracteis majusculis,
imbricatis, rhombeo-ovatis, longe acuminatis, puberulis; bracteolis linearibus
acuminatis, carinatis, bracteis circa duplo et calyce triplo brevioribus ; calycis alte
D-partiti segmentis insequalibus linearibus acutis; corolla majuscule tubo ad
fauces parum ampliato, labio antico brevissime trifido, labio postico integro; stami-
nibus longe exsertis, basi liberis ; stylo exserto, stigmate capitulato coronato.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 56.
Caulis 0'4 em. diam., ad nodos tumidus; internodia saltem superiora brevia, raro ultra
3:0 em. longa (exstat vero aliud usque ad 6'0 em.) ; foliorum lamina 12:0-14^0 cm.
longa, 5:5-6'0 em. lata (occurrunt equidem folia minora—3'0—-6:0 cm.—majoribus
mixta); petioli ad 4*0 em. longi, fol. supremorum attamen vix 0'5 cm. attingunt ;
fol. omnia tenuiter membranacea, in sicco virentia; coste secundarim utrovis
latere circa 12, alternatim insertee, raro suboppositee, leviter arcuatee; costae omnes
pag. inf. marginibus elevatis pubescentibus instructs; spice usque ad 220 cm.
long:e, circa 07 em. late, puberule ; bractex circa 1*0 em. longe, 06-077 em. late,
firmze, leviter striate, demum subdistantes; bracteolee 0°5 cm. long., puberule ;
calycis segmenta duo antica reliqua paullo excedentia et revera fere 1:5 cm. longa
(reliqua 1:3 cm.), omnia trinervia, dorso pubescentia; corollee puberule tubus vix
3:0 em. longus, 0:12 em. latus, ipsis in faucibus ad 0°25 em. amplificatus ; labium
anticum late ovatum, 0:8 em. longum, 0:5 em. latum, dentibus brevissimis (scilicet nec
ultra 0:05 cm. longis) triangulari-acutis, trifidum; labium posticum oblongo-obo-
vatum, ambo margine leviter crispulo-undulata ; filamenta faucibus ipsis inserta,
complanata, 3:0 em. longa; discus brevissime bilobus, 0'4 em. altus ; ovarium ovoideo-
oblongum, discum triplo excedens; stylus filiformis, staminibus subequilongus;
capsule non suppetebant.
Cum B. Lyallii, Nees, congruens potius quam cum B. cuspidato, Baker, cujus bractese
amplissime et stamina subinclusa. Ceterum B. Lyallii habitu humiliore, foliis multo
minoribus, bracteis angustis, floribus minoribus gaudet. Ob staturam elatam et folia
ampla propius accedere videtur ad speciem nondescriptam Madagascariensem
32 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
(Humblot, n. 632) in Herb. Kew. ;asserv., bracteis vero diversis et floris partibus:
minoribus,
This is an interesting addition to a genus hitherto known only from Madagascar.
JUSTICIA ($ RosrELLARIA) WHYTEI, S. Moore, sp. n. Herba foliosa, strigose pubes.
cens, caule erecto, tetragono ; foliis firmis, brevipetiolatis, lanceolatis vel lineari-
- lanceolatis obtusis, deorsum angustatis; floribus mediocribus axillaribus brevissime
pedunculatis, bracteolis calyce multo brevioribus; calycis segmentis 5 subsqua-
libus, lanceolatis acuminatis, dorso carinulatis, pubescentibus; coroll: tubo calycem
duplo excedente, recto, lato, faucibus dilatatis, labio postico bifido quam anticum
amplum breviore; antherarum loculo inferiore superiorem ecalearatum paullo
excedente; disco integro; ovario anguste ovoideo-oblongo complanato, sursum in
stylum inferne appresse pilosum desinente; loculis biovulatis; capsula uem
ovoidea, superne gradatim angustata, hirtulo-pubescente, tetrasperma.
Hab. Milanji. No. 136.
Caulis verisimiliter parce ramosus, vix usque 0'2 cm. diam. Folia 2:0—4'0 cm. longa,
0:5-1:2 em. lata, margine revoluta, integra; costz secundarize 4-6, oblique inserte,
leviter arcuate ; petioli 0:2-0:5 cm. longi; pedunculi circa 0:1 cm. longi; bractee
foliaceze, oblong obtuse, 0°7 cm. longee, 0:22 cm. latee; bracteole 0°07 cm. long ;
--. . calycis segmenta 0:25 cm. longa, l-nervia; corollsee extus pubescentis verisimi-
liter dilute purpurez tubo 0:45 cm. longo, ima basi 0'1 cm., sub faucibus vero
0:22 cm. lato; labium posticum oblongum, erectum, 0'3 em. longum ; labii antici,
0:4 em. longi et vix totidem lati, lobus intermedius late ovatus, lobi laterales oblongi,.
ille 015 cm., hi equidem 01 cm. lati; palatus maxime eminens; filamenta
planata, basi leviter puberula, vix 0:3 cm. longa; antherarum loculus inferior circa
0:07 em. longus, ejus calear angulo recto insertum ; connectivus pilosus; discus
0:08 em. altus; ovarium 0:15 em. longum, stylo obtuso 0:5 em. longo coronatum ;
capsula 0°55 cm. longa, 0°23 cm. lata; semina parva, oblongo-cylindracea, crebro:
tuberculata, pallida, 0:07 cm. longa, retinaculis debilibus oblongis obtusissimis,
comparate latis, nervosis iisdem brevioribus suffulta.
Mihi videtur J. neglecte, T. Anders., affinis, cujus attamen folia diversiformia, flores
majores, calycis segmenta multo longiora, &c. :
JUSTICIA ANSELLIANA, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. p. 44.
‘Hab. Milanji. h
s Justicia (§ HORNIERA) MELAMPYRUM, S. Moore, sp. n. Erecta, foliosa, caule tetragono, '
| M M minute necnon appresse puberulo ; foliis membranaceis, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceo-
| latis, obtuse acutis vel acuminatis, basi cuneatis, petiolis brevibus fultis, fere omnino.
glabris. vel secus nervos pag. inferioris appresse pubescentibus ; floribus mediocribus
. axillaribus solitariis vel faucibus quavis ex axilla oriundis, brevissime peduncu-
p E > latis 5 rmm ere exiguis, calyce multo brevioribus; calycis segmentis
4 š
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE, 33
lanceolatis, longe subtiliter acuminatis, ciliolatis ; corollz tubo leviter curvato, calyci
subzequilongo, sat lato, faucibus vero admodum coarctatis; limbi labio postico bifido
quam anticum amplum breviter trilobum manifeste breviore; antherarum loculo
superiore brevissime mucronulato, longiore ac angustiore; disco integro; ovario
oblongo, sursum gradatim angustato ; stylo obtuso, deorsum appresse piloso ; loculis
biovulatis; capsulis more sectionis dimorphis, aliis longioribus oblongis, sursum
sensim coarctatis, aliis parvis oblongo-ovoideis, apice rostratis, tetraquetris, angulis
cristulatis.
-Hab. Milanji. No. 135.
Caulis 0:15-0:25 cm. diam., ejus anguli saltem in sicco eminentes; foliorum lamina
2:5-4"5 cm. longa, 0:8-2:3 cm. lata; coste secundarie 5-6, angulis angustis inserte,
fere rectee ; petioli 07 cm. longi; bracteze et bracteolze lineares, acutiusculie, 0:13 cm.
longs; calycis segmenta 0'4 cm. longa, dorso obtuse carinata ; corolle extus
minute pubescentis tubo ima basi 0°18 cm. lato, faucibus vero 0°28 cm. lato;
labium posticum ovatum 0°33 cm. longum ; labii antici, 0'4 cm. longi, lobi 0:1 cm.
longi, lobus intermedius quam lobi laterales paullo latior; filamenta crassiuscula,
0:33 cm. longa; antherarum loculus superior 0:08 cm. longus, inferior duplo longior,
hujus calcar curvatum et apice bifurcatum; discus 0°05 cm, altus; ovarium
0:15 em. longum ; stylus 0:5 em. longus; capsule majores 0:6 em. longæ, 0*2 cm. late,
acute, verisimiliter 2-4-(an 2-3?)spermze ; minores 0°43 em. longs, media 0°2 cm.
lata, 1-spermze, omnes obsolete puberule ; semina ambitu ovata, brunnescentia,
crebro tuberculata, 0:1 em. longa.
A J. insulari, 'T. And., secernenda ob folia angustiora brevius petiolata, bracteas
longe dispares, calycis segmenta longiora, carinata, nec longe ciliata, flores aliquatenus
majores et coroll lobos majores preebentes, antherarum loculum inferius elongatum
et caleare bifurco nec simplici auctum, ovarium longius et sursum angustatum, stigma
obtusum nee leviter capitulatum, necnon capsulam breviorem.
IsoGLOssA MILANJIENSIS, S. Moore, sp. n. Caule valido ascendente, geniculato, sur-
' sum folioso ; foliis amplis, longipetiolatis, late obovato-oblongis, caudato-acuminatis,
preter nervos pubescentes, obscure puberulis ; floribus mediocribus in spicis brevibus
terminalibus vel axillaribus dispositis; bracteis obovatis acutis vel breviter vel
longius acuminatis, caly ce brevioribus vel eum subequantibus ; bracteolis lanceolatis
acutis, calyci subzequilongis; calycis segmentis inzqualibus (anticis longioribus),
lineari-lanceolatis acutis vel acutiusculis, ciliolatis; corollze tubo ample cylindraceo,
ealyce breviore; labii antici lobo medio obovato, lobis lateralibus oblongis breviore,
labii postici elongati lobis brevibus, late oblongis ; staminibus subexsertis; antheris
discretis, distantibus, transversis; ovario ovoideo-oblongo, stylo crassiusculo, stami-
nibus «equilongo; capsula haud visa.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft.
Caulis 04 cm. diam., ad nodos tumidos usque ad 0'8 cm. diam., obtuse angulatus,
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. F
34 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
appresse pubescens, deinde fere glaber; foliorum lamina ad 20'0 cm. longa et 7:5
cm. lata, tenuiter membranacea, in nervis appresse et minute pubescens; coste
laterales utroque latere 10-12, superiores distantius insertee, levissime arcuate ;
petioli ad 6'5 cm. longi, complanati, demum glabri; spice nullze ultra 5'0 cm.
long:e, densiflore ; pedunculi suffulcientes ascendentes, 1:0 cm. longi, et una cum
spicis pubescentes; bracteze circa 0:5 cm. longs, ciliolatz; bracteole ciliate, 0:6
em. long ; calycis segmenta antica 0'7 cm. longa, segmenta reliqua paullo breviora
et obtusiora, omnia puberula; alabastrum aperiens paullo ultra 1:0 em. longum;
corollz tubus vix 0:5 em. longus et latus; palatus convexus, venoso-rugosus ; limbus
circa 1:3 em. diam. ; labii antici lobus medius 0:45 cm. longus, lobi laterales 0:55 cm.
longi, margine ad lobum medium spectante dente auctis vel ibidem expansis; labii
postici, 1:0 em. longi, lobi 0:33 cm. longi; lobi omnes obtusi; filamenta juxta
basin tubi inserta, 07 cm. longa, puberula; connectivus 0'1 cm. longus; antherz
oblongze, 0:15 em. longze, omnino ecalcaratee ; discus crenellatus, 0:05 cm. altus;
ovarium 0:17 cm. longum, superne in stylum paullo incurvum 0'7 cm. longum desinens.
Species distincta, nulli affinis. Jsoglossa grandiflora (Keteinanthus grandiflorus,
T. And.) folia minora brevipetiolata, calyces granduloso-tomentosos, flores multo
majores ostendat, et J. laxa, Oliv., insuper folia parva, flores laxe paniculatos: forsan
proxime accedat ad J. origanoidem (Rhytiglossam origanoidem, Nees), cujus habitus et
folia sat similia, sed species Neesiana spicas densiusfloras, bracteas omnino dispares, et
flores minores praebet.
HYPOËSTES VERTICILLARIS, R. Br. Prod. p. 474.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 151.
. Hypoiisres PHAYLOPsOIDEs, S. Moore, sp. n. Caule foliato tetragono pubescente,
dein glabro ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis acutis vel breviter acuminatis, margine repandis,
supra appresse strigoso-hirtulis, subtus summum puberulis, petiolis sat longis insi-
dentibus ; capitulis terminalibus vel axillaribus ambitu ovatis vel subhemisph:ericis,
plurifloris ; bracteis exterioribus foliaceis, amplis, late deltoideo-ovatis, interioribus
oblanceolatis, omnibus obtusis, pubescenti-hirtulis ; bracteolis parvis lanceolatis,
calyce plus quam duplo brevioribus ; calycis segmentis subzequalibus, anguste lineari-
lanceolatis acuminatis, pubescenti-pilosis, hyalinis; corolla calycem }-superantis
tubo superne ampliato, ibique pilosulo; labio postico brevissime bidentato, antico
3-lobo, lobo medio ovato, lobis lateralibus lanceolatis; staminibus quam labia
brevioribus; disco lobulato; stylo exserto, apice breviter ac sub:equaliter bifido;
capsula calycem paullo excedente, oblongo-lineari acuta, ejus loculis 1-2-spermis.
Hab. Milanji. No. 126.
Caulis 2:0-3:0 cm. diam., longitrorsum striatulus; internodia cirea 7:0-9:0 em. longa,
ramulorum vero juvenilium multo breviora; folia pleraque 4:0-7-0 em. longa et
2:0-40 em. lata, basi in petiolum angustata; costæ secundariz utrovis latere 6-8,
angulis latis insertz, aperte arcuate ; petioli tenues, 1-0-1:5 cm. longi, pubescentes ;
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 35
capitula vix usque 2:0 cm. longa et 3:0 em. diam., exstant vera minora; bracteæ
exteriores circa 1:2 cm. long: et late, interiores usque 1:3 cm. longze, 0:3 cm. late,
omnes basi dorso leviter carinulate; bracteole 0:3 cm. longee, acutatee, dorso
pilos; calycis segmenta usque 0'7 em. longa, 0:08 cm. lata, l-nervia ; corolla
1:0 em. longa, ejus tubus 0:45 em. longus, sub faucibus 0:23 em. latus; limbi extus
pubescentis labia subzequalia, inferius vero paullulum minus et 0:55 cm. longum
(superius 06 em. longum), hoc oblongum, illius lobi sequilongi et circa 0*1 em. longi;
filamenta complanata, 0:25 em. longa; anthere late oblongæ, obtussisime, vix
0:2 em. longee; discus 0:02 em. altus; ovarium ovoideum, acutatum, transparens,
0:12 em. longum ; ovula loculis multo minora; capsula 1:2 em. longa ; ejus valvule
a latere compress, puberulze, subito acutatee, pars asperma 0'5 em. longa et dorso
rugosa; semina purpureo-nigra, minute tuberculata, vix 0*2 em. diam., retinaculis
oblique truncatis, apice decoloribus, 02 cm. longis, suffulta.
Speciem nulli affiniorem, ob bracteas amplas, eas Phaylopsidis alicujus mentientes, primo
obtutu cognoscere potes. Forsan juxta JH. diclipteroidem, Nees, plantam Madagas-
cariensem, intercalanda sit; nobis attamen videtur potius cum specie in Herb. Kew.
nondum descripta a cl. Wood in Natal (no. 1058) et in Orange Free State a cl. Cooper
(no. 3035) lecta componenda.
SELAGO WHYTEANA, Rolfe, sp. n. Fruticulosa, ramosissima; rami pubescentes; folia
linearia, subacuta, asperula, 3-6 poll. longa; spice breves, terminales, numero-
sissime ; bractee lineari-oblonge, obtuse, concave, leves, $ lin. longæ ; calyx
1 lin. longus, 5-fidus; lobi inzquales, lineari-oblongi, obtusi; corolla 1 lin. longa,
5-fida; tubus brevis ; lobi oblongi, obtusi.
Hab. Milanji, 6500 ft. No. 28.
This species has much of the general habit and characters of S. Dregei, Rolfe (Journ.
Linn. Soc. xx. p. 353), but the leaves are longer and more slender, and the flowers less
than half the size of those of that species.
SELAGO MILANJIENSIS, Rolfe, sp. n. Fruticulosa ; rami puberuli; folia linearia, sub-
obtusa, 5-9 lin. longa; spice breves, terminales, numerose; bractee lineari-
oblong, obtusse, concave, leves, ¿-1 lin. longe; calyx i lin. longus, 5-fidus ;
lobi inzquales, lineari-oblongi, obtusi, ciliati ; corolla 1 lin. longa, 5-fida ; tubus
brevis; lobi rotundato-oblongi, obtusi.
Hab. Milanji.
Allied to the preceding, but a smaller, less robust plant, with much less pubescent
branches, laxer inflorescence, and the calyx-lobes much less strongly ciliate.
LANTANA SALVLEFOLIA, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. iii. p. 18.
Hab. Milanji.
F2
36 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
VITEX MILANJIENSIS, Britten, sp. n. Arbor; ramis tetragonis, puberulis; foliis 5-folio-
latis; foliolis oblongis truncatis mucronatis, basi cuneatis, margine integris, sinuatis,
supra scaberulis, subtus pallidioribus, pubescentibus, nervo medio venisque primariis
conspicuis; lateralibus breviter, centrali longiuscule petiolulatis ; pedunculis axil-
laribus folio brevioribus, apice dichotome cymosis; bracteis subulatis; calyce
hirsuto, 5-lobato, lobis deltoideis acutis; staminibus inclusis.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., No. 188; Zomba.
In general appearance this much resembles Y. madiensis, Oliver, of which it may
possibly be a variety, especially in the inflorescence. It differs in the number and shape
of the leaflets, which are quite entire, and is less hairy in all its parts.
CLERODENDRON DISCOLOR, Vatke, in Flora, xliii. p. 536.
Hab. Milanji, No. 124; Zomba.
CLERODENDRON MYRICOIDES, R. Br.
Hab. Milanji. Nos. 126, 193.
PLECTRANTHUS SANGUINEUS, Britten, sp. n. Caule erecto, rugoso, inferne glabrato, superne
farinoso, ramoso ; foliis post anthesin evolutis (speciminibus immaturis); verticillas-
tribus densis, multifloris; floribus subsessilibus, calyce exteriore villoso, cam-
panulato, 13 lin. longo, dentibus acuminatis, setibus luteis articulatis ; corolla 5 lin.
longa; seminibus minutis, glabris.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 46.
A very distinct species, allied to P. cylindraceus, Hochst. Stems upright, 2 feet
high, softly woody, giving off small lateral floral branches, and terminating in a panicle
of 4—7 racemes 3-6 in. long; the central are longest. Verticillasters of the upper branches
densely crowded together, although not so much so as in P. cylindraceus; those of the
lower branches more distant. Calyx campanulate, with acuminate teeth, shaggy without,
with yellow jointed hairs, and exuding, like the bud-scales, corollas, and stamens, bright
red drops apparently of a resinous nature. Leafy shoots developing later from the lower
buds of the main stem; leaves immature in specimens seen, tomentose, rugose, crenate,
roundish or wedge-shaped, 1—1 in. long, sessile or very shortly petiolate.
PLECTRANTHUS ELEGANS, Britten, sp. n. Caule erecto ; foliis petiolatis, ovatis, crenatis
acutis, basi euneatis; panicula racemosa, elongata, ramosa; cymis oppositis breviter
pedunculatis, 2-3-floris; calyce dentibus insequalibus, superiore obtuso ovato,
ceeteris acuminatis; corolle labio superiore trilobo, lobo centrali truncato, lobis
lateralibus rotundatis, labio inferiore concavo.
Hab. Milanji.
A perennial erect herb (upper portion alone seen); stem furrowed, hairy ; leaves
shortly petiolate ovate, 1-2 in. long, 1 in. or more broad, tapering to a wedge-shaped
base, broadly and bluntly crenate, acute, scabrous and dark green above, softly hairy
and paler beneath, with prominent veins ; panicle narrowly triangular, leafless, racemose,
COLLECTED BY MR, ALEXANDER WHYTE. 37
slender, 7 inches or more long; bracts small, entire, ovate acute; branches 3-4 in. long,
ascending ; cymes nearly scale, 2-3-flowered, internodes 3 in. or more long; pedicels
2 lin. long; calyx minutely hairy, broadly campanulate, 1 TM long; upper tooth ovate
obtuse, lower teeth acuminate, the two lowest the longest; corolla 3-4 lin, long, upper
lip 3-lobed, centre lobe truncate, 2 lateral lobes rounded, lower lip concave; stamens
exserted.
PLECTRANTHUS MELLERI, Baker, in Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 243.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. No. 102.
PLECTRANTHUS MANGANYENSIS, Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. ined.
Hab. Zomba.
PLECTRANTHUS GLANDULOSUS, Hook. fil. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. p. 17.
Hab. Zomba.
OcIMUM FILAMENTOSUM, Forsk. Fl. /Egypt. Arab. p. 108, var. ?
Hab. Milanji. No. 178.
OcrwvM HIANS, Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 36? (O. catycosum, Hochst. in Schimp.
Pl. Abyss. no. 2303).
Hab. Milanji.
OnTHOSIPHON COLORATUS, Vatke, in Linnea, xliii. p. 86.
Hab. Zomba. No. 138.
ORTHOSIPHON Krnkrr, Baker, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. ined.
Hab. Milanji. No, 101.
HosLUNDIA DECUMBENS, Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 54.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., No. 156 ; Zomba.
Hypris PECTINATA, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Par. vii. (1806) p. 474, t. 30.
Hab. Zomba.
MICROMERIA BIFLORA, Benth. Lab. p. 378.
Hab. Milanji. No. 84.
SCUTELLARIA LrviNGsTONEI, Baker, in Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. ined.
Hab. Zomba.
STACHYS AETHIOPICA, Linn. Mant. p. 82.
Hab. Milanji. Nos. 20, 128,
A wide-spread South-African species, not hitherto, I believe, recorded from the
Tropics.
LEUCAS GLABRATA, R. Br. Prod. p. 504.
Hab. Milanji. Nos. 127, 128, 191.
38 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
APETALA.
PrPERACEX and EUPHORBIACEA. (By E. G. Baker, F.L.S.)
AMARANTACEZ£, POLYGONACEA, PROTEACEA, THYMELEACEJE, SANTALACEA,
and MymicAcEx. (By A. B. RENDILE, M.A., F.L.S.)
PEPEROMIA REFLEXA, Dietr.; DC. Prod. xvi. 1, p. 451.
Hab. Milanji. |
Widely spread in the Tropics.
PHYLLANTHUS ROTUNDIFOLIUS, Willd.; Mull. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 405.
Hab. Milanji.
Widely spread in the Tropics of the Old World.
PHYLLANTHUS ROTUNDIFOLIUS, Var. LEUCOCALYX, Müll. Arg. l. c. p. 406.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 23.
Distr. Abyssinia; Zambesi-land ; Angola.
PHYLLANTHUS, sp.
Hab. Milanji, alt. 7000 ft. No. 29.
There are no flowers on this specimen.
ANTIDESMA, sp.
Hab. Milanji. No. 170.
ACALYPHA VILLICAULIS, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. p. 248; Müll. Arg. 1. c. p. 845.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 120.
Distr. Abyssinia, Central Africa, Manganya Hills. |
ACALYPHA BENGUELENSIS, Müll. Arg. in Journ, Bot. 1864, p. 335.
Hab. Zomba; Milanji, alt. 6000 ft. No. 65.
Previously collected only by Welwitsch in Benguela.
EUPHORBIA SHIRENSIS, Baker fiL, n. sp. Radix lignosa; caulibus herbaceis, erectis,
striatis, glabris, simplicibus vel parce ramosis, sparse foliosis, rarissime subdense
foliosis ; foliis integris, obovatis vel anguste ovatis, vel oblongis alternatis subcoriaceis
penninervatis, utrinque glabris, petiolatis, petiolis brevissimis, foliis ramorum late-
ralium angustioribus ; foliis floralibus liberis ovatis vel rotundatis, latioribus quam
longis, glandulis semilunatis ; filamentis glabris, stylis erectis, stigmatibus bifurcatis ;
capsulis pedunculatis, elevato-rugosis, trisulcatis ; seminibus rubro-fulvis levibus.
Hab. Milanji.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 39
Stems 9-15 in. high; leaves ¿-13 or even 2 in. long; flowering leaves 3 in. long.
This plant belongs to the section Tithymalus, and is near E. dilatata, Hochst.
EUPHORBIA WHYTEANA, Baker fiL, n. sp. Fruticosa, ramis elongatis, virgatis, subdense
foliosis, tenuiter striatis; umbelle radiis 3-9 brevibus pluries bifidis; foliis sub.
coriaceis, integris, anguste oblanceolatis, superne glabris vel glabriusculis, subtus parce
glaucescentibus, penninervatis, margine subrevoluto, apice in mueronem abruptiuscule
brevissime attenuatis ; foliis floralibus liberis, triangulari-acutis; involucri turbinati
glandulis crescentiformibus breviter cornutis; stylis bifurcatis; capsulis pedunculatis,
glabris tenuiter rugulosis; pedunculis pubescentibus; seminibus non visis.
Hab. Milanji plateau, alt. 6000 ft. No. 24.
Cauline leaves about 1 in. long.
This plant belongs to the section Tifhymalus, and is allied to E. involucrata, E. Mey. ;
the bracts, however, are much narrower than in this species, and the cauline leaves are
nearly twice as long and rarely deflexed.
CELOSIA TRIGYNA, Linn.
Hab. Milanji, 2000 ft., Oct. No. 166.
Distr. Throughout Tropical Africa; also Arabia and Natal.
POLYGONUM SERRULATUM, Lag. Gen. et Sp. Plant. 14, no. 181.
Hab. Zomba, Sept.
Distr. Throughout the Mediterranean region ; Syria to North India; North, Tropical,
and South Africa, Canary Is., and Madeira.
PROTEA NYAS#, Rendle, sp. n. Caulescens; foliis oblongis, apice rotundatis emarginatis,
basi attenuatis, sessilibus, unicostatis, glabris, coriaceis ; capitulo terminali, magno,
turbinato, squamis multiseriatis, arcte imbricatis, levibus, inferioribus minoribus
late ovatis, margine ciliolatis, superioribus majoribus oblongis, deinde spathulato-
oblongis, margine glabris; perianthio glabrato vel sparsissime pubescente.
Shoot strong and woody. Leaves (of last season) oblong, with rounded emarginate
apex, narrowed at the base, sessile, one-nerved, glabrous, coriaceous; 2-22 in. long,
6-7 lines broad. Capitulum terminal on shoot of present season, from which all the
leaves have dropped, turbinate, 3} in. broad at the top, 2% in. long; bracts of involucre
many-seriate, closely imbricate, smooth, the lower and smaller broadly ovate, with a
ciliolate margin, the size increasing upwards, and the shape varying through ovate to
the uppermost, which are spathulate-oblong ; except in the lower the margin is glabrous.
Perianth 12 in. long, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent; the lower broad portion of
the tube 5 lines long by 1 line in diameter, the slender portion $ in. by 2 line, the limb
7 lines long, segments } line broad, linear with a subulate apex produced 1} lines
beyond the linear anther, which is 44 lines long. Style subulate, 17 lines long, channelled
above. There is a hypogynous tuft of ferruginous hairs 5 lines long.
40 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
Hab. Milanji. No. 30.
Nearly allied to Protea madiensis, Oliver (Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. I. xxix. p. 143), the
glabrous capitulum being about the same size in each and having a similar arrangement of
bracts; but the leaves differ very markedly, those of P. madiensis being larger, oval, and
more pointed, 7 in. long by 23-23 broad, while the perianth-tube is densely villose.
They are both allied to P. abyssinica, Hochst., which, however, is at once distinguished
by the white sericeous bracts, hairy perianth, and differently shaped leaves.
ARTHROSOLEN FLAVUS, Rendle, sp. n. Frutex ramis sesquipedalibus, teretibus, striatis,
glabratis, viridibus ; foliis sparsis, adscendentibus, inferioribus lineari-lanceolatis, basi
longe attenuatis, superioribus lineari-subulatis, uninerviis, glabris, rugulosis ; invo-
lucris squamis, multiseriatis, imbricatis, quam flores minoribus, glabris, exterioribus
lanceolatis acuminatis, interioribus ovatis acutis vel subacuminatis; capitulo semi-
globoso, multifloro; perianthio flavo, tubo gracili minute pubescente, limbi lobis
patentibus obovatis.
Flowering branches of the present year only, 14 ft. long, terete, striate, glabrous, green.
Leaves scattered, ascending, linear-lanceolate, below with a long attenuate base,
becoming linear-subulate above, apex subacute, one-nerved, glabrous, rugulose, 8-10 lines
long, 4-1 line broad. Involucral bracts multiseriate, imbricate, outer lanceolate,
acuminate, inner ovate, acute or subacuminate, shorter than the flowers, glabrous,
green, except the innermost, which are yellowish. Capitula hemispherical, many-
flowered, ¿ in. long by i in. broad. Pedicels i-i line long; a tuft, 1 line long, of stiff
eolourless persistent hairs surrounds the base of the perianth. Perianth yellow ; tube
minutely pubescent, 43 lines long, j line in diameter; limb spreading; lobes obovate,
apiculate, minutely pubescent below, minutely papillose above, 2 lines long, more than
1 line broad at the base. No scales on the perianth. Stamens sessile, in two whorls
of four; anthers of upper row linear-oblong, acute, slightly exserted, $ line long, of
lower row oblong, with a rounder apex. Style short, filiform, about 1 line long.
Stigma capitate, hairy.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft. (4. Whyte, no. 99; Herb. Mus. Brit); Blantyre (L. Scott;
Herb. Kew).
Near A. glaucescens, Oliver (Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 96), but the latter is a very
glaucous plant, smaller, and has red flowers ; the perianth-limb, moreover, is lanceolate,
13 lines long, and less than 1 line at the broadest part, while that of 4. flavus is obovate,
2 lines long, and more than 1 line broad.
GNIDIA MICROCEPHALA, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. p. 589.
Hab. Milanji and Zomba, Sept. and Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte); Zomba and east end of
Lake Shirwa, Oct. 1861, Livingstone's Zambesi Expedition (C. T. Meller; Herb.
Kew); Namuli, Makua Country (J. T. Last; Herb. Kew); Biggarsberg, 4000 ft.
(J. M. Wood; Natal Govt. Herb. no. 846); Macalisberg, Transvaal (Burke, no. 96);
Kitui in Ukamba (Hildebrandt, no. 2807).
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 41
There is a very similar plant in Herb. Kew, collected on the Niger, W. Trop. Africa,
by Dr. Baikie.
GNIDIA FASTIGIATA, Rendle, sp. n. Suffrutex, subpedalis, ramis subfastigiatis, pubescen-
tibus; foliis densis, suberectis, rigidis, lanceolatis, acutis, uninerviis, glabris, supra
rugulosis ; floribus solitariis, binis, aut forte ternis, in ramulis brevibus axillaribus
sub vertice ramorum; bracteis pubescentibus; perianthio dense ciliato-pubescente,
tubo bilineo cum pilorum fasciculo pone antheras superas, lobis subpatentibus ovatis,
squamis binis ligulatis, glabris, basi fultis; andreecio tetramero obdiplostamineo ;
ovario ovato; stylo laterali filiformi ; stigmate capitato, ssepius antheras inferiores,
rarius superiores attinente, vel rare stylo brevissimo.
A small shrub, up to 10 in. high, with ascending subfastigiate branches, closely
covered by the narrow, acute leaves. Leaves 5-6 lines long by 1-1 line broad, the lower
being the broader. Flowers on short, small-leaved axillary shoots, in the upper one or
two inches of the branches; the lowest shoots very reduced, with one terminal flower,
the greater number more developed, with two flowers or the rudiment of a third,
which in the larger ones may be fully developed; at the top of the branch again one-
flowered. The small leaves of the shoots and the slightly larger bract are similar in
form to the ordinary foliage-leaves, but are pubescent like the perianth. Perianth-
tube 2 lines long, 3 line broad, the slightly spreading limbs $ line long, each with
a pair of ligulate scales one each side of the base. Surrounding the base of the
tube is a calycine circlet of stiffish hairs about 4 line long. A tuft of hairs behind the
anthers of the upper row alternates with the scales. The lower persistent portion of
the perianth-tube is of a darker colour and longitudinally ribbed ; the ovary in the flower
reaches about halfway up this lower portion. The filiform style is attached a little
below the apex, and varies in length in different flowers.
Hab. Milanji, 6000—8000 ft., Oct. A very distinct species.
'THESIUM NIGRICANS, Rendle, sp. n. Suffrutex, ramis et ramulis tenuibus, subrigidis,
patentibus ; foliis sessilibus, linearibus, mucronatis, plano-convexis, glabris, margine
scabridulis; floribus parvis, apice ramulorum axillaribus, breviter pedicellatis;
bracteis cum duabus bracteolis foliis consimilibus, bracteolis autem minoribus et
florem fruetumve subzequantibus; perianthio campanuliformi, tubo brevi, lobis 4-5
subpatentibus, glabris, apice inflexis papillosis, cum pilis paucis erectis pone anther-
arum filamenta brevia; stigmate capitato, stamina superante; nuce ovoidea, rugis
8-10 notata, cum reticulis paucis obliquis, quam perianthium latiore.
A much-branched shrubby or suffrutescent plant, which turns black in drying. The
linear leaves flattened above, rounded beneath, from j-$ in. long, about 4 line wide,
with the insertion continued as a ridge down the stem to the next leaf vertically below.
There are four to five small flowers (1 line long) at the top of the branches, each in the
axil of a leaf-like bract, with two shorter similar bracteoles near the base of the pedicel,
at right angles to the plane of insertion of the bract, which is decurrrent to the next
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. G
42 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
lower node; the base of the pedicel is adnate to the bract, and the bracteoles are
inserted at the point where the two separate. The perianth-lobes are triangular-
ovate, a little over 3 line long, and slightly involuted at the tip, more so in the fruit.
The 4 or 5 stamens have very short filaments, behind which is a tuft of a few rather
long upwardly-directed hairs. The ovoid nut is 8-10-ribbed, with a few oblique
connecting reticulations, is 1 line long by % line in diameter, and broader than the
persistent perianth.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. (no. 42); Zomba, Sept.
Belongs to the section Huthesium, and is near Thesium Wightianum, Wall, an East
Indian species, from which it is easily distinguished by its subrigid habit, longer linear
leaves, and smaller fruit. The flower of Th. Wightianum is half as large again, and the
perianth-lobes are markedly spreading and papillose-pilose.
Tuestum ($ FRisEA) WHYTEANUM, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate IX. figs. 1-5.) Suffrutex,
glaber, ramis tenuibus suberectis, pedalibus, infra nudis, supra foliosis, sub vertice
ramulosis, ramulis foliosis vel floriferis; foliis sessilibus, ramorum uncialibus,
linearibus, crassiusculis, subteretibus, pungentibus, ramulorum brevioribus, plano-
convexis; floribus solitariis, axillaribus, vel singulis binisve in ramulis parvis;
bracteis et bracteolis foliis consimilibus, his autem minoribus, flore et fructu duplo
brevioribus ; perianthii lobis quinque, apice involutis, cucullatis, et longe pilosis;
antheris glabris, pendentibus; stylo brevissimo, stigmate papilloso; nuce sub-
globoso, decemcostato, oblique reticulato.
A glabrous shrub with branches a foot long, leafless below, leafy above, branching
near the top; leaves of the primary branches subterete, longitudinally channelled, an
inch or more long, of the secondary shorter, linear-subulate, flattened above, rounded
beneath. Inflorescence apparently a long leafy spike; the few uppermost flowers
solitary in the axils of the leaves, those next below terminating short axillary shoots, the
lowest in pairs, terminal and lateral on the shoots; the bract and pair of bracteoles
resembling the smaller leaves, the former about equal to the length of the flower, the
latter about half. Flowers about 14 lines long. Perianth cup and lobe nearly 1 line, the
five lobes involute and hooded at the apex with a tuft of hairs, hairs continued about
halfway down the margins; the five glabrous anthers opposite the perianth-lobes fixed
by a short filament and hanging down into the cavity ; a tuft of hairs springs from the
perianth behind the filament and ascending is attached to the top of the anther. Style
. very short, with a papillose, scarcely swollen stigma, on a level with the base of the
anthers. Fruit almost sessile, ovoid-globose or nearly globular, a little more than a line
long and nearly as broad, crowned by the much narrower subcylindrical perianth, with
. ten ribs, the alternate ones less pronounced, connected by irregular reticulations.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. No. 45.
_ The discovery of this species extends the distribution of the well-marked section Frisea
from South to Tropical Africa,
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 43
MYRICA PILULIFERA, Rendle, sp. n. Arborescens; foliis breviter petiolatis, ellipticis,
acutis, serratis integrisve, uninerviis, supra leevibus, infra minute farinosis ; fructibus
globosis in spicis axillaribus, sesquilineis; pericarpio papilloso; endocarpio duro.
Shoots of previous years woody, strongly marked with ridges decurrent from the
prominent leaf-scar, and with conspicuous lenticels ; that of the present year farinose.
Leaves shortly petiolate, elliptic, aeute, serrate, one-nerved, glabrous and smooth
above except for a few scattered hairs on the midrib, minutely farinose beneath; the
lower leaves of a shoot are much smaller, with an entire margin ; the larger leaves are
from 2-23 in. long, by 8-10 lines broad. Fruit on numerous spikes seated in the axils
of the insertion of last year's leaves, all of which have fallen, globular, 12 lines in
diameter; pericarp of papillze with a waxy excretion ; endocarp hard, globular.
Near Myrica salicifolia, Hochst., but differs in the regular shape and serration of the
normal leaves, the smaller fruit, and the spherical endocarp, that of M. salicifolia being
subovate or pyriform. The lenticels are also very large and characteristic.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
Fruiting specimens only.
MONOCOTYLEDONS. (By A. B. RENDILE, M.A., F.LS.)
CYPERACEA. (By C. BARON CLARKE, M.A., F.R.S.)
EULOPHIA LONGISEPALA, Rendle, sp. n. Herba caule tenui, sesquipedali, laxe paucifloro ;
braeteis brunneis, brevibus, ovatis, acutis, pedicello perbrevi multo longioribus;
sepalis longis, fere uncialibus, clavatis, apiculatis, petala longe excedentibus;
petalis cuneato-spathulatis, apiculatis; labello trilobo; lobis lateralibus majoribus
ad columnam ascendentibus, rotundatis, integris, venis prominentibus ; lobo terminali
oblato, emarginato, margine crispo, verrucis lamelliformibus in venis mediis suffulto ;
calcare robusto, brevi, recurvato ; columna clavata, erecta, supra alata.
The slender peduncle, 13 ft. long, bears a few almost sessile flowers arranged laxly
in the axils of short bracts 2 lines long. The narrow clavate sepals are 11 lines long,
nearly twice the length of the broader more spathulate petals, which are 6 lines long by
12 lines broad. The lateral lobes of the lip are 5 lines long, with thickened projecting
lateral veins; the shortened terminal lobe is 23 lines long by 5 broad, bearing a double
row of projecting lamelliform calli on the central veins. The short recurved spur is
about 4 in. long. The erect column, broadly winged above, is 3 lines long, 4 line broad
at the base, 1 line above.
Near E. Petersii, Reichb. f., but at once distinguished by its slender clavate sepals much
exceeding the petals; E. Petersii has also a broader, more ligulate. petal, and a much
narrower lip. Apparently, from the description, allied to Æ. Meleagris, Reichb. f., which
has very unequal sepals and petals, but a many-(17-18-)flowered raceme, much shorter
oblong-lanceolate sepals, shorter, ovate-acute, irregularly denticulate petals, and a
differently shaped lip.
Hab. Milanji, Sept.
G2
44. THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
EULOPHIA MILANJIANA, Rendle, sp. n. Caule valido, striato, foliis longis, lanceolatis,
basi cireumdato ; bracteis sterilibus membranaceis, pallide brunneis, margine longe
connatis, internodia infera omnino, supera autem partim, vaginantibus; racemo
dense corymboso, bipollicari, bracteis florentibus longis subulatis, pallide brunneis,
venis fuscis striatis, ovarium pedicellatum excedentibus; sepalis petalis consimilibus,
sed majoribus, ovatis acutis, apice subfaleatis; labello trilobo, lobo medio quam
lobi laterales, oblongi, ascendentes, integri, glabri, plus triplo majore, obovato-
orbiculari; disco tomentoso, basi verrucis geminis suffulto ; caleare brevi obtuso;
columna brevi crassa, alis tenuibus.
The peduncle springs from among long, lanceolate, longitudinally-ribbed radical leaves,
with a long, narrow, sheathing base, immature in the specimen, but apparently resembling
those of Eulophia ($ Orthochilus) abyssinica, Reichb. f. Only the upper part of the mature
peduncles was present, 1 foot long by 4 in. diameter below, and striate, with long, acute,
sheathing bracts, which are membranous, pale brown, with fine veins, and their edges
connate for more than half their length, slightly spreading at the tip, the two lower
3-31 in. long, the uppermost 24-25 in. The inflorescence forms a dense corymb,
2 in. high by 2 in. broad near the base. The flowering bracts are subulate, pale
brown, marked with numerous darker veins, and exceed the stalked ovary; the lower-
most 14 lines long, the size decreasing upwards. The outer flowers are the larger. The
sepals are 10-13 lines long by 4-6 broad; the petals are smaller, 8 by 3 lines, but other-
wise similar. The small oblong lateral lobes of the lip, 3 lines long by 2 broad, are
entire and glabrous; the central, almost suborbicular, lobe measures 6 by 53 lines, has a
long-haired tomentum on the disk, with two knob-like warts on the veins just at its union
with the lateral lobes. The short thick column is 2 lines long by 1 wide, and has thin
wings ; the short blunt spur is 2 lines long. i
Hab. Lower Milanji, 2,500 ft., Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte, no. 257); Manganja Hills
(Livingstone's Zambesi Exped. 1861; Herb. Kew.); Livingstone's S. African Exped.
(Herb. Kew.); Uganda, 1880 (Rev. C. T. Wilson, no. 114; Herb. Kew.) ; Nyasa-land,
1891 (Buchanan, nos. 349 & 1328; Herb. Kew.).
Near E. bicolor, Reichb. f., but differs in its slightly smaller flowers and corymbose
inflorescence, that of Æ. bicolor being a somewhat crowded raceme, twice the length;
also in the lip, which is more delicate and devoid of the purple colour on the lateral lobes
which characterizes those of E. bicolor, where moreover the long-haired tomentum is
absent, scattered tufts of short filiform calli taking its place.
It is also near Æ. ($ Orthochilus) abyssinica, Reichb. f., but distinguished by the shape of
the lip as well as by its larger flower and more crowded inflorescence.
EuLoPHIa Nyas#, Kendle, sp. n. Herba pedunculo sesquipedali, basi folio vaginante cir-
cumdato, infra tereti, supra sulcato, bractea triangulari-ovata acuta, supra basin
breviter connatam libera, pedunculum autem arcte amplectante ; racemo laxo secundo
9-pollicari, bracteis subulatis, patentibus, uninerviis, pedicella brevia paullo exceden-
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 45
tibus; sepala quam petala longioribus, oblongo-ligulatis, subacutis, petalis ovalibus,
obtusis; labello semipollicari, parte inferiore et majore trapezoideo, superiore tri-
angulari-ovato obtuso, dense tomentoso ; calcare brevi obtuso ; columna erassiuscula.
Peduncle 19-21 in. long, clothed at the base with a sheathing-leaf 21 in. long, which
also includes two young foliage-leaves; 14 line in thickness an inch above the base,
terete below, becoming longitudinally grooved above when dry, bearing one bract at
about a third the way up. Bract ? in. long, margins connate for 1 line at the base,
then rapidly receding to form the upper free triangular part, which, however, is closely
applied to the peduncle. The lax secund raceme is about 9 in. long; the lower bracts
are 5 lines long, the size decreasing upwards. The short pedicels are about 2 lines long.
The oblong ligulate sepals are longer and much darker than the petals, 3-nerved, 8 lines
long, 13 broad, but narrower at the base; petals 53 by 2 lines, with a prominent midrib
and two upwardly branching lateral veins. The lower part of the lip, when flattened,
is trapezoid (the sides naturally ascend), 4 lines long by 2} wide in the lower half, then
slightly widening upwards to 3 lines at the two rounded angles; the apical lobe is 2 lines
long by 1? broad at the base, and has its upper surface covered, except near the margin,
with a matted tomentum arising from the veins and passing down the three median nerves
a short way into the lower part. The spur is blunt, swollen and rounded at the tip,
24 lines long. The column is 2? lines long, 1 broad.
Hab. Milanji, Sept.
The structure of the flower recalls that of a group of Cape species including Hulophia
lamellata, Lindl., which it somewhat resembles, but is distinguisbed by the marked
difference in size between the sepals and petals, and the shape of the apical lobe of
the lip, which in £. lamellata is much larger, quadrate, and has a longer tomentum ;
the inflorescence in that species is branched and the bracts are longer.
LissocHILUS ARENARIUS, Lind]. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vi. p. 133.
Lindley described this species from a West Tropical African plant (Barter, no. 1488),
but it seems common in the East.
Hab. Im Lande der Djur (Schweinfurth, Reise nach Central Africa, no. 1864) ; Nyika
Country (Rev. E. T. Wakefield ; Herb. Kew.); Lake Tanjanika (Lieut. Cameron ; Herb.
Kew.); Rabai Hills, Mombaz, March 1886 (Rev. W. E. Taylor; Herb. Mus. Brit.);
Milanji, Nyasa-land, Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte).
Reichenbach (Otia Bot. Hamb. p. 75) makes Hildebrandt’s plant, no. 1950, Mombassa,
1876, the same species; it differs slightly from the other East Tropical specimens seen
in its acuminate lateral sepals, and in having small warts on the surface of the labellum
in front of the pairs of calli. The lamelliform calli vary in the different specuneris
in shape, in the character of the apex, which may be crenate or emarginate, and in their
more or less erect position on the veins.
Laissocuitus LrvrwGsTONIANUs, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. p. 114. |
Hab. Manganja Hills, Livingstone's Zambesi Exped. (C. Meller; Herb. Kew.) ; Man-
46 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
ganja Hills, E. Africa (H. Waller; Herb. Kew.); Nyika Country, E. Trop. Africa:
(Rev. E. T. Wakefield; Herb. Kew.); Milanji, Nyasa-land, Oct. 1891 (A. Whyte).
An East Tropical African species.
LissocHrLUS WAKEFIELDI, Reichb. f. & S. Moore, in Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 136.
Hab. Mombassa, Hildebrandt; Rabai Hills, Mombaz (Rev. W. E. Taylor; Herb.
Mus. Brit.); Milanji, 1891 (4. Whyte).
LIssOCHILUS MILANJIANUS, Rendle, sp. n. Pedunculo elongato, racemoso, laxifloro;
bracteis membranaceis, brunneis, triangulis, longe acuminatis, ovaria pedicellata
haud zequantibus ; sepalis lateralibus ad basin labeili adnatis, oblongis, apiculatis, basi
truncatis; dorsali oblongo angustiore ; petalis orbieularibus, minute apiculatis, multi-
nerviis; labelli lobis lateralibus brevibus, truncatis, latera sacci cum calcare con-
tinui formantibus, lobo medio basi profunde tricarinato, apice integro obtuso;
ealeare tenui brevi; columna brevi crassa.
There were no leaves with the specimen. The raceme is laxly 8-flowered on the
upper part of the leafless peduncle, which is 12-20 inches long. Sepals much smaller
than the petals, the lateral 4 lines long by 23 lines wide, the dorsal narrower (1% line
wide), the petals 7 lines long and broad. The lateral lobes of the labellum form the
sides of a deep sac, of which the spur isa slender pointed continuation 2 lines long;
the median lobe is 44 lines long, the lower part convex and deeply tricarinate on the
crest, with raised lateral veins below; the apical lobe is more flattened and spreading.
The short thick column is 2 lines long.
Hab. Milanji.
There is in Herb. Kew. à specimen (Livingstone's s Zambesi Expedition, Manganja
Hills), with somewhat larger flowers, slightly narrower longer sepals, a blunt thicker
spur, and apparently of a lighter colour, but the characters of the lip are the same, and I
doubt whether it can be separated from the Milanji plant.
BRACHYCORYTHIS PLEISTOPHYLLA, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. p. 104.
Hab. Livingstone’s S. Afr. Exped., Moramballa, Dec. 1838 (C. Meller ; Herb. Kew.) ;
Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan, no. 1345; Herb. Kew.); Milanji, Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte).
The flowers of the Milanji specimen are larger than those of the type, and the bracts,
differ in being prolonged into a subulate aristate apex half as long as the leaf. In
Buchanan's specimen also the bracts have this character, while the flowers are inter-
mediate in size.
Pouystacuya, sp. n.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
. Material insufficient for description.
In Herb. Kew. there is a specimen with ripe fruit, evidently of the same species,
b collected by Sir J. Kirk at Zomba, Zambesia, 6000-7000 ft., in Sept. 1859; that is, in
: the : same > district and at about the same altitude as the Milanji plant.
ee
^
ii
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 47
The plants turn black on drying; the slightly ribbed leaf-sheaths decrease in length
from 14 lines at the base of the stem to 10 lines just below the simple spike. Leaf-
blade linear-oblong, with a rounded apex and fine prominent longitudinal veins 23 to
34 in. long, 6-7 lines wide. The acuminate bracts are about 3 lines long, the spike
27 in. The flowers, now dropped, have been few and distant.
Disa ZOMBAENSIS, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate VIT. A, figs. 1-3.) Insignis caule robusto,
rufescente, infra foliato, foliis quinque spiraliter ordinatis, rufescentibus, late
lanceolatis, subacuminatis, sessilibus, supra in spicam densam evoluto; bracteis
lanceolatis, foliis consimilibus, sed minoribus, infra flores sessiles excedentibus, supra
iis subeequalibus aut apice brevioribus; sepalis lateralibus ovali-oblongis, apice
oblique apieulatis, venis tribus conspicuis convergentibus, sepalo dorsali majore
galeato in calcar longum, tenue, subrecurvatum, semipollicare producto; petalis
ligulatis, galea inclusis, semipollicaribus ; labello tenui, filiformi; columna crassa,
brevi, truncata; ovario hirto, subcylindrico, utrinque attenuato.
The stem is 2 ft. 4 in. long; the lower 7 in. are leafy, with broadly lanceolate leaves,
decreasing in size upwards from 33 to 3 in. long by 1-2 in. broad; the remainder forms
a dense spike of sessile flowers, subtended by lanceolate bracts smaller than, but other-
wise similar to, the leaves, and also decreasing upwards, the lower ones exceeding
the flowers, the uppermost falling short of them. The oval-oblong sepals are 6-7 lines
long by 3-33 wide, with three fine but well-marked darker longitudinal veins converging
at the apex, and several fainter ones between these and the margin; the large hooded
posterior sepal is 2 in. high by 4 in. broad, and produced into a narrow, slightly recurved
dorsal spur, 3 in. long. The ligulate petals are 6 lines long by 1 broad, 5-nerved below,
2
3-nerved above. The filiform lip is 5 lines long by + line wide. The ovary is ¿ in. long
and 23 lines thick, subcylindrical, narrowing at either end.
Hab. Zomba, Dec. 1891. No. 3.
Resembles Disa Walleri, but the flowers are twice the size.
Disa ($ HERSCHELIA) HAMATOPETALA, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate VII. B, figs. 4-6.) Erecta,
glabra, foliis radicalibus anguste gramineis; scapo flexuoso, laxe 2-7-floro, bracteis
brunneis, membranaceis, ovatis acuminatis, sterilibus, margine sub medio connatis ;
floribus breviter pedicellatis; sepalis lateralibus ovali-oblongis, obtusis, dorsali
galeato, calcare brevi recto-cylindrico; petalis basi columnz adnatis, hamatis, apice
late emarginatis ; labello elongato, triangulari, plano, supra basin profunde fimbriato.
The flexuose stem is densely surrounded at the base by the remains of the withered
grass-like leaves, and varies in length from 6 or 7 inches to more than a foot, the shorter
forms bearing only one or two flowers, which are also smaller than those on the larger,
more robust stems. The bracts on the lower part of the flower-stem have their edges con-
nate for half their length or more; in the region of the flowers they are free. The larger
flowers measure 14 in. from the top of the spur to the end of the lateral sepals ; some of
48 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
the smaller ones are less than 1 in. (11 lines). In the larger the lateral sepals are ¿ in.
long by 3 in. broad, the hooded dorsal one ¿ in. high by nearly 4 in. from front to back ;
the spur is 2 lines long by 1% in diameter. The hooked petals are nearly 4 in. long,
laterally attached by the broader base to the side of the column, widening again near the
broadly emarginate apex. Lip ¿ in. long, tapering upwards, the sides, except near the
base, deeply fimbriate as well as the apex.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte, nos. 36, 136, & 199); Nyasa-land,
1891 (Buchanan, no. 1016); Higher Plateau, North of L. Nyasa, Oct. 1880 (Thomson) ;
Zomba, Zambesia, 6000-7000 ft., Sept. 1859 (Kirk); between L. Tanganyika and
Nyasa, April 1890 (H. H. Johnston). All in Herb. Kew.
Belongs to the section Herschelia, and is near Disa lacera, Sw., var. multifida, N. E.
Brown, figured in the Bot. Mag. 7066, but is distinguished by the blunt sepals, the
characteristic shape of the petals, and the blunter spur in a straight line with the base
of the hooded sepal. The lip, moreover, is much more deeply fimbriated.
ARISTEA JOHNSTONIANA, Rendle, sp. n. Herba foliis radicalibus subpedalibus, rigidis,
linearibus, superne attenuatis, acutis; pedunculis pedalibus, complanatis, aphyllis,
vix alatis ; bractea vaginante acuminata, nune inflorescentiam paucifloram superante,
nunc breviore; spathee valva exteriore triangulari acuta, interiore brunnea, membra-
nacea, haud lacerata; perianthii segmentis obovatis, patentibus.
The leaves, which are condensed into a radical rosette, are nearly a foot long and
1-2 lines broad. The very narrowly winged leafless peduncle ends in a small, usually
3-flowered stalked head above a green sheathing acuminate bract, which sometimes
overtops the head, sometimes falls short of its stalk; there is usually a smaller lateral
cluster sessile in the axil of the bract and included by it. The outer spathe-valve is
green, with a broad, brown, membranous margin, and 5-6 lines long; the inner brown,
membranous. The perianth-segments of the outer whorl are 4 lines long by 14 broad,
with a dark-coloured midrib projecting as an apiculate apex; those of the inner whorl
are broader (2 lines), with a rounded apex. Capsule not seen.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. Nos. 14 & 81.
Near A. alata, Baker, from the mountains of the Masai country, but easily distin-
guished by its very narrowly winged leafless peduncle ; it is also allied to 4. abyssinica,
Pax, but the latter has the broadly winged peduncle of 4. alata and less rigid leaves,
while the inflorescence is either a single head, or, if a second small axillary cluster is
_ present, the whole is overtopped by a large bract *.
— * ARisTEA TaYLorIANa, Rendle, sp. n. Herba foliis 3-6-pollicaribus, radicalibus, rigidis, linearibus, superne attenu-
atis, acutis vel subpungentibus ; pedunculis 4-8-pollicaribus, complanatis, aphyllis, anguste alatis; inflorescentia
A. Johnstoniane, sed bractea semper breviore ; perianthii segmentis suberectis, fere spathulatis; capsula oblonga
. A rotundata, breviter pedicellata.
The leaves closely resemble those of A. Johnstoniana, but are shorter, being 3-6 in. long and 14 to nearly 2 lines
broad ; they are generally shorter than the leafless peduncle, which is 4-8 in. long, about 1 line broad, and narrowly
. winged. The inflorescence resembles that of A. Johnstoniana, but the bract always falls short of it; the triangular-
acute outer spathes are 5 lines long. The suberect perianth-segments are a vivid blue in colour, almost spathulate
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE, 49
DIERAMA PENDULA, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 99.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; South-eastern provinces of Cape Colony, and northward to Natal
and Mt. Kilimanjaro.
GLADIOLUS (§ EUGLADIOLUS) MELLERI, Baker, in Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 334.
Apparently a fine form; the flowers and capsules are considerably larger than the
type, but I do not think it-can be separated as a distinct species.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte, nos. 171, 195); Zambesi Highlands
(Meller & Kirk; Herb. Kew.); Namuli, Makua Country (J. T. Last; Herb. Kew;
Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan, no. 1333; Herb. Kew.).
GLADIOLUS ($ HEBEA) Oarest, Rolfe, in Oates, * Matabele-land,’ edit. 2.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte); Matabele-land (Oates); Zambesi Highlands
(Buchanan, no. 464); Transvaal (Holub).
CYRTANTHUS Wetwitscutt, Hiern, ex Baker, in Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 197.
A smaller plant than the type, but evidently the same species. A very similar
specimen was recently collected by Buchanan.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. 1891 (A. Whyte, nos. 130 & 149); Huilla (Welwitsch,
no. 4028); Nyasa-land (Buchanan, no. 993).
HYPOXIS ANGUSTIFOLIA, Lam. Encye. iii. p. 182.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct., no. 119); Kaffraria; Orange Free State ; Tropical Africa
(Angola, Moramballa, Zanzibar) ; Madagascar, Mauritius, and Bourbon.
VELLOZIA ($ XEROPHYTA) SPLENDENS, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate VIII.) Caulescens, sesqui-
pedalis, caudicibus crassis, valide tunicatis, simplicibus vel furcatis; foliis rosulatis,
rigidis, vagina brunnea 2-3-pollicari, lamina lineari-subulata, complanata, glabra,
margine scabrida; floribus solitariis in axillis bractearum ensiformium, quam
pedicelli nigricantes scabridi vix breviorum ; perianthii lobis ovati-lanceolatis, apice
acuminatis, falcatis; antheris sessilibus ligulatis; ovario turbinato, velut pedunculi
scabrido.
Caulescent, about 14 ft. high. Caudices 2-17 in. thick, with a woody cylinder 4-6 lines
thick, the rest composed of a mass of imbricating brown sheaths with strong longitudinal
ribs; simple or forked. Leaves about six in number, rosulate on the top of the caudex
in shape, 5 lines long by 14 broad above the middle; those of the outer whorl are slightly narrower, with a thick,
dark-coloured midrib, forming a slightly apiculate apex. The oblong capsule is 3 in. long, on a shorter pedicel.
Hab. Mt. Kilimanjaro, 7000 ft., 1884 (H. H. Johnston, no. 14); higher slopes up to 10,000 ft. above Morang
(Rev. W. E. Taylor, 1888 ; Herb. Mus. Brit.). : |
Johnston's specimens are referred in Baker's ‘Monograph of lridez, p. 141, to Aristea alata, as a dwarfed form
of the species, but are distinguished by the leafless and narrowly winged peduncle, A. Tayloriana is a smaller
plant than A, Johnstoniana, from which it also differs in the shape of its perianth-lobes, which are longer,
narrower, and more spathulate.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. H
Mo. Bot. Garden
1898,
50 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
or its branches, rigid ; sheath brown, 2-3 inches long; blade of the outer leaves 1-14 ft.
long, 5-7 lines wide near the base, gradually tapering to a filiform apex; the inner are
proportionately smaller, flattened, glabrous, with a scabrous margin, toothed in the young
leaf, and a midrib prominent on both surfaces. Peduncle single-flowered in the axil
of ensiform, slightly shorter bracts ; 6-9 in. long, 4-2 line thick, thickly covered with short,
dark emergences. Perianth-cup very short, fleshy, and covered with protuberances like
the ovary. Perianth-limbs ovate-lanceolate, 21-21 in. long by 6-9 lines wide; there is
a small scale at the base on either side the insertion of the anther; apex acuminate and
falcate ; the base of those of the outer whorl covered with black emergences like those on
the short perianth-tube, which are also continued up the central veins nearly to the apex,
diminishing upwards in size and number. Anthers sessile, inserted on the perianth-limb
about 1 line above their base, ligulate, 9 lines long ; connective slightly prolonged (4 line)
beyond the anther. Ovary turbinate, 3 in. long, clothed with emergences like the
peduncle. Style 13 in. long.
Hab. Milanji.
The short caudices bear magnificent clusters of flowers, which are larger than in any
species hitherto described.
SMILAX KRAUSSIANA, Meisn. in Flora, 1845, p. 312.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct., nos. 119 & 152; Natal; East Tropical Africa; Sierra
Leone; Cape Verd.
ASPARAGUS VIRGATUS, Baker, in Saund. Refug. Bot. t. 214.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; Cape of Good Hope; Natal; East Tropical Africa (Rev. W.
E. Taylor, Herb. Mus. Brit.), Morang and between Zanzibar and Uyui; Maungu
(H. H. Johnston ; Kilimanjaro Exped.).
ASPARAGUS PLUMOSUS, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 613.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; Cape of Good Hope; Kaffraria; Natal; Nyasa-land (Buchanan,
nos. 750 & 1470).
HYLONOME RETICULATA, Webb, Phyt. Can. iii. p. 320.
Hab. Milanji Plateau, Oct., no. 60; Cape of Good Hope; Natal.
DRIMIA ROBUSTA, Baker, Saund. Refug. Bot. t. 190.
- Hab. Milanji, Oct., no. 6; Cape of Good Hope; East aia (W. Tyson,
no. 1108).
URGINEA MARITIMA, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 221.
Hab. Milanji, Oct., no. 192; Canary Islands; Mediterranean; S. Africa.
URGINEA NYASA, Rendle, sp. n. Herba bulbo parvo; foliis hysteranthis ignotis; scapo
. glabro, subcompresso, sspe flexuoso, inferne purpureo, 7-8-pollicari; racemo
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 5L
angusto, multifloro (25-50), 2-6-pollicari; bracteis minutis orbiculari-deltoideis,
superioribus breviter, inferioribus longe calcaratis; pedicellis ascendentibus ;
perianthii albidi segmentis lanceolatis, uninerviis; staminum filamentis lineari-
subulatis, membranaceis ; stylo filiformi; capsula ovoidea, seminibus in loculo 5-10,
complanatis, testa atra.
Only part of the evidently small bulb present in the specimen. The larger scapes are
l line in width; the narrow racemes only attain a width of 4 in. when in fruit; the
ascending pedicels are 2-3 lines long. The short membranous bracts have in the upper
part of the raceme short spurs in the middle of the back; in the lower part these spurs
become much longer, as much as 2 lines. The perianth, which is 24 lines long, becomes
detached at the base, and is thrown off like a cap from the half-ripe fruit. The filaments
are thin, membranous, and 1 line long, the anthers 4 line. The filiform style is 1 line
long. ‘The green ovoid capsule is 2} lines long by 14 broad. The seeds are black and
flattened.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte); Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan).
ORNITHOGALUM ECKLONI, Schlecht. Linnsa, xxv. p. 177.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; Cape of Good Hope; Natal; Tropical East Africa.
ANTHERICUM, sp.
Flower-buds unopened.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. No. 175.
ANTHERICUM (SPHALANGIUM) MILANJIANUM, Rendle, sp. n. Herba foliis plicatis, late
linearibus, utrinque attenuatis, subacutis, seepius falcatis, basi vaginantibus, subrigidis,
papyraceis, multinerviis, margine scabridulis; caule glabro, compresso, subpedali ;
bractea ima subulata; panicula angusta, 3—4-pollieari, nondum evoluta; bracteis
membranaceis, subulatis ; pedicellis medio articulatis; perianthii segmentis lanceolatis,
albis, 7-nerviis; filamentis filiformibus, glabris; stylo filiformi; capsulo elliptico,
seminibus in loculo pluribus superpositis turgidis.
The broadly linear leaves are folded at the midrib, w hich is thickened like the
margins, 8-18 in. long, 7-12 lines broad, with from 36 to 52 longitudinal veins. The
flowering stem is sheathed at the base by the leaves, and, including the inflorescence,
is 12-15 in. long by 2-23 lines broad, with one subulate bract about halfway up. The
inflorescence is a narrow panicle 3-4 in. long, the lower subulate bracts $ in. long; the
lateral branches are short and few-flowered. The flowers were unopened, except one or
two on a smaller inflorescence, where there was also one fruit. The perianth-segments
are 44 lines long, white, with 7 delicate green nerves; the filaments are 13 lines long, the
large yellow anthers 23 lines. The filiform style is 4 lines long. The single elliptical
capsule is 3 lines long, and contains several black turgid seeds.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. No. 123.
H 2
52 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
ANTHERICUM (§PHALANGIUM) NYAS#, Rendle, sp. n. Foliis radicalibus plicatis, linearibus,
acuminatis, apice pungentibus, rigidis, glabris, margine ciliolatis, 10-nerviis, quam
scapus multo brevioribus ; scapo glabro, firmo, subterete, infra paniculam semipedali
(vel minus), bibracteato; bracteis longe acuminatis; panicula laxa, ramis paucis
ascendentibus ; bracteis subulatis, membranaceis; pedieellis ascendentibus, medio
articulatis, inferioribus ternis; perianthii segmentis lanceolatis, albidis, semi-
pollicaribus, 3-nerviis ; filamentis quam segmenta plus duplo minoribus, filiformibus,
glabris; antheris viridibus; stylo filiformi; capsulis globosis, speciminibus nostris
immaturis, seminibus in loculo pluribus.
The stiff linear leaves vary in size up to 9 in. in length and 13 lines in breadth; the
firm glabrous scape is 6 in. long or less; the panicle is generally 8 in. long, and T 2-4
distant, ascending, laxly-flowered branches, 2—4 in. long; the pedicels are in groups
of 3 in the lower part and 3-4 lines long; the white perianth-segments are 5-6 lines
long and 13 lines broad, and have 3 well-marked green dorsal veins; the stamens are
3 lines long, the anthers 1 line, the filiform style 35-4 lines; the few immature globose
capsules 2-23 lines long.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct.
CHLOROPHYTUM BLEPHAROPHYLLUM, Schweinf. ex Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 327.
Hab. Zomba, Sept. 1891 (A. Whyte); Gallabat (Schweinfurth) ; Transvaal (Barnes).
COMMELINA AFRICANA, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 41.
Hab. Zomba, Sept. 1891 (4. Whyte); S. Africa, Angola, Ins. Bourbon
COMMELINA BAINESIL, C. B. Clarke, Monogr. Phaner. iii. p. 184; var. GLABRATA, Rendle,
var. nov.
Differs from the type in the almost glabrous character of the leaves and the slight
pubescence of the internodes; the whole plant of C. Bainesii is described as “villoso-
pubescens."
Hab. Zomba, Sept. 1891.
C. Bainesii occurs in S. Africa, Transvaal, Bechuanaland, and Angola.
COMMELINA ALBESCENS, Hassk.; Schweinf. /Ethiop. p. 210.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct., No. 112; Abyssinia, Arabia, Beloochistan, Scinde.
ANEILEMA SINICUM, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 659.
Hab. Milanji Station, Oct., No. 39; S. Africa, Angola, Madagascar, E. India, Java,
China.
ANEILEMA EQUINOCTIALE, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 72.
Hab. Milanji, Oct., No. 131; Zomba, Sept.; Abyssinia, Congo, Loango, Angola;
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 53
FLOSCOPA GLOMERATA, Hassk. Commel. Ind. p. 166.
Hab. Zomba, Sept. ; S. Africa, from Cape Colony to the Zambesi; Angola, Madagascar.
EnrocAULON SONDERIANUM, Korn. in Linnea, xxvii. p. 669.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. (no. 115); Cape of Good Hope.
PYCREUS SPISSIFLORUS, C. B. Clarke, sp. n. Mediocris, umbella simplici aut in caput
unieum contracta; spiculis spicatis, lanceolatis, compressis, multifloris, fusce luteo-
rubescentibus; glumis spisse sitis, ovatis obtusis; stylo 2-fido.
Culms about 12 in. long; rhizome woody, lower sheaths blackened and torn. Leaves
3 the length of the culm, 1} line broad. Radii of the umbel sometimes reaching 14 in.
in length, more often short or almost absent; bracts 3-5, reaching a length of 24-8 in.,
spreading like the leaves. Spikelets resembling those of P. lanceus, C. B. Clarke, in
shape and size, but with as many as 16-20 flowers. Nut immature.
Near P. lanceus, C. B. Clarke, from which it differs in having the glumes much more
crowded and a darker colour. The immature spikelets recall those of P. capillaris, Nees,
but the inflorescence is different, resembling that of P. lanceus.
Hab. Milanji, Sept.
PYCREUS NIGRICANS, C. B. Clarke, ined.; Cyperus nigricans, Steud. in Flora, 1842, p. 584.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. ; Abyssinia, Intschatkak (Schimper, ii. no. 1373); Gafat,
8700 ft. (Schimper, no. 1286). |
CYPERUS OCHROCEPHALUS, C. B. Clarke, ined. ; Rhynchospora ochrocephala, Boeck. in
Flora, 1879, p. 568.
Hab. Milanji, Sept.; Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and S. Africa (C. spherocephalus,
Vahl).
CYPERUS ZAMBESIENSIS, C. B. Clarke, ined., in Herb. Kew.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; Buchanan, Nyasa-land (no. 647).
Maniscus cf. DACTYLIFORMIS, C. B. Clarke, ined.; Cyperus dactyliformis, Boeck. Cyperac.
p. 275. ;
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; Cape of Good Hope.
The specimens are too young for more definite naming.
MARISCUS SIEBERIANUS, Nees, var. e. POLYPHYLLA, C. B. Clarke, ined., in Herb. Kew.
(M. polyphyllus, Steud.)
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; Abyssinia (Schimper, no. 1124); E. Africa, between Zanzibar and
Uyui (Rev. W. E. Taylor, Herb. Mus. Brit.).
This species is widely distributed through India, Malaya to Hong-kong, Formosa, and
the Philippine Is., and occurs also in the Mascarene Is. and at the Cape of Good Hope.
Varieties are found in St. Helena and Samoa.
54 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
BULBOSTYLIS SCHENOIDES, C. B. Clarke, ined. 7solepis scheenoides, Kunth. Enum. ii. p. 208.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct., No. 75; South Africa; Tropical Africa, Angola (Welwitsch),
and Camaroons, 8000-10,000 ft. (H. H. Johnston).
BULBOSTYLIS ORITREPHES, C. B. Clarke, ined. Fimbristylis oritrephes, Ridley, Trans. Linn.
Soc. ser. 2 (Botany), ii. p. 155.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; Angola ( Welwitsch).
SCIRPUS COSTATUS, Boeck. Cyperac. p. 457.
Hab. Milanji, Sept.; Abyssinia (Schimper).
FUIRENA WELWITSOHII, Ridl. Z. c. p. 161.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; Angola (Welwitsch).
ASCOLEPIS CAPENSIS, Ridley, /. c. p. 164; Platylepis capensis, Kth. Enum. ii. p. 269.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; South Africa; Tropical Africa (Welwitsch).
ERIOSPORA VILLOSULA, C. B. Clarke, sp. n. Herba culmis longis, gracilibus, tenuiter
pilosis; foliis lineari-setaceis, vaginis fissis; panicula laxa, ssepe composita; bractea
ima magis pilosa, immo villosa; spicis omnibus bisexualibus ; stylo 3-fido; setis
hypogynis, rigidiusculis, setuloso-scabris.
The culms are a foot or more long, 3 line in diameter, and subterete. The leaves
about 9 in. long and 14 lines wide, with the margins involute when dry. The panicle
is 5-7 in. long, with 15-25 spikes; the fasciculed peduncles are as much as 14-3 in.
long below; the pilose bract almost equals the panicle in length, and is sometimes
almost hirsute. The spikelets are those of the genus.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct.
Near E. Rehmanniana, C. B. Clarke, ined. in Herb. Kew., from the Transvaal, but easily
distinguished, as the latter is glabrous and has not the lax panicle of the Milanji plant.
CAREX WAHLENBERGIANA, Boott, ? var. SCHIMPERI, Boott.
The species occurs in Bourbon, Mauritius, and Madagascar; the variety, according to
Engler’s * Hochgebirgsflora trop. Afrika,’ in Abyssinia ** bei Gerra um 2500” ” (Schimper,
1863, no. 1314), and Fernando Po “um 2500"" (G. Mann; =C. Wahlenbergiana, fide
Hook. fil. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vii. p. 225). .
It is allied with the wide-spread tropical Asiatic C. bengalensis, Roxb.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
Carex Boryana, Schkuhr, Riedgr. ii. p. 43.
A large form of the species.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. No. 85.
A native of Bourbon and Mauritius; found also in Fernando Po, fide Hook. fil. /. c.
Panicum ($EUPANICUM) PECTINATUM, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate X. figs. 1-6.) Ceespitosa,
culmis tenuibus, subteretibus, glabris, foliosis, pedalibus et supra, glandulis pedi-
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 55
cellatis super nodis pilosis suffultis; foliorum vaginis longitudinaliter suleatis, infer-
ioribus scabrido-pubescentibus, superiore glandulifero; ligula pilosa; lamina lineari,
apice attenuata, glabra ; paniculee ramis ascendentibus vel patentibus, velut ramulis
pedicellisque glanduliferis ; spiculis ovalibus, subcompressis, gluma 1™ brevi, ovata,
3-pectinata, purpurea, sublinea longa, 2* lata, truncata, 5-nervia, pectinata, 5-dentata,
3" ovali-oblonga apice irregulariter dentata, 7-nervia, margine purpurea; florifera
quam preecedens subbreviore, ovali, apice subobtusa et dorso sparse ciliolata; palea
quam gluma includente breviore, sub apice sparse pilosa.
The slender leafy culms are longitudinally striate, 12-21 in. long, and bear a few
long-stalked capitate hairs, evidently glandular, below the pilose nodes. The leaf-sheaths
are longitudinally ridged, the lower ones scabrido-pubescent, while the uppermost bears
the stalked glands in the depressions between the ridges; the ligule is represented by a
row of pilose hairs at the mouth of the sheath; the linear blade has a tapering, some-
what cuspidate apex, is longitudinally striate with inconspicuous venation, 3-4 in. long,
13 lines broad, in the radical leafy shoots often with completely involute margin. The
inflorescence is a panicle, with branches ascending or spreading, and giving an ovate
general outline 3-5 in. long by 2-3 in. broad; the axis, branches, and pedicels bear the
characteristic glands, which are easily rubbed off the dry plant. The oval subcompressed
spikelets are 1? lines long. The short outer glume is $ line long, consisting in the upper
part of three teeth, of which the middle is the longest; the second is purple like the first,
but larger, 14 lines long, and 5-nerved, or with a shorter 6th nerve not reaching the top,
with 5 apical teeth ; the third is oval oblong, 1$ lines long, 7-nerved, with purplish edges
and an irregularly toothed apex; the 4th or flowering glume is very slightly shorter than
the third, oval, flattened dorsally, with involute edges firmly enclosing the pale and flower :
it is coriaceous with a hyaline margin, the upper third purple, the rest greenish, sparsely
ciliolate on the back beneath the subobtuse apex. The pale is slightly shorter than the
flowering glume, 14 lines long, flattened dorsally, with involute margin, subcoriaceous
with hyaline edges, glabrous except for a few hairs near the acute apex. The stigmas
are plumose. Fruit not seen.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. No. 10.
This grass is of interest from a biological standpoint owing to the long-stalked glands,
which must be of importance in the life of the plant, while from a systematic point of
view its pectinate glumes separate it from all other species of the genus Panicum. The
latter character I was inclined to consider of generic value, but Prof. E. Hackel, whom I
consulted, thinks the plant “a true Panicum, but somewhat anomalous in the genus on
account of its toothed glumes.” He also reminds me that, while no Panicum is known
as yet which offers this character, a similar case occurs in the genus Muehlenbergia,
where M. clomena, M. gracilis, and others have the second empty glume three-toothed,
a fact which led Beauvois and Nuttall to separate them as distinct genera; modern
authors, however, including Bentham, have reunited them with Muehlenbergia.
P. pectinatum falls in the section Hupanicum, its otherwise normal spikelets, with
56 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
their slender pedicels, being laxly arranged on the branches of the panicle. It will form,.
however, as Hackel suggests, a new series comparable with the other seven into which
Bentham divides the section. This series I propose to call Pectinate.
PANICUM ($ DIGITARIA) MILANJIANUM, Rendle, sp. n. ; rhizomate tenui, forsan repente ;.
culmo folioso, subbipedali, glabro, striato; internodiis tribus infimis complanatis,
superiore terete; vaginis glabris, ore pilosis, striatis; ligula brevi, truncata, brunnea,
membranacea; lamina late lineari, superne attenuata, nervo prominente, scabrido-
pilosa; spicis in axe brevi fastigiatis; spiculis in rhacheos triangularis flexuosze late-
ribus inferioribus paribus alternantibus ordinatis, subcompressis, unifloris ; pedicellis
parium inzqualibus ; gluma 1™ minima acuta, 2“* profunde incisa segmentis pilosis,
3" maxima a tergo visa lanceolata, cum duabus carinis, pilosis, 4* florifera late ovata
apiculata, dorso rotundata, trinervia, glabra, coriacea, palea consimili, sed obtusa,
inclusa ; antheris brunneis, stigmatibus plumosis.
The apparently creeping slender rhizome is 13 lines in thickness; the culm is nearly
2ft.long; the three lower internodes are compressed, the upper one terete above the
leaf-sheath ; the nodes are brown and glabrous. The leaves are in a radical tuft and
eauline; the sheaths of the former are 24-3 in. long, of the latter 34, 5, and 9 in.
respectively from below upwards; the ligule is less than a line long, the broadly linear
blade tapering above is about 6 in. long by 4-5 lines wide in the middle, with a con-
spicuous midrib raised above, and numerous less conspicuous lateral veins, scabrido-
pilose on both surfaces, but especially on the upper. The inflorescence consists of
15 spikes arranged irregularly on a short axis 2 in. long; the spikes are 6 in. long,
the spikelets, 13 lines long, are arranged in alternating pairs on the two lower sides
of the triangular flexuose rhachis; one pedicel of each pair is longer, sharply triangular,
and closely denticulate like the rhachis, the shorter being terete, with a few small scattered
teeth. The small acute (not short and rounded as in Digitaria sanguinalis, Scop.) lowest
glume is } line long; the second, deeply cut into hairy divisions, is 1 line; the third and
largest, appearing lanceolate from behind, has a prominent, minutely denticulate midrib
on the flattened back, with two pilose lateral keels, and is 1} lines long; the broadly ovate
flowering glume, with rounded back and thin transparent margin, encloses the similar
but blunter and more delicate pale, which is 1 line long.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
Closely allied to Digitaria commutata, Nees, but at once distinguished by the narrow,
acute, projecting lowest glume, which in D. commutata is equilaterally triangular and less
projecting. ‘The-leaves are also broader.
SACCHARUM ($ ERIOCHRYSIS) PURPURATUM, Rendle, sp. n.; culmo glabro, nodis 3;
vaginis duabus superioribus pubescentibus, infima glabra, innovationum glabris;
ligula breviter ciliata; lamina flexuosa, convoluta, aciculari vel subulata, pube-
scente; panicula parva, ovali, densa, pauciramea ; spiculis lanceolatis, sessilibus,
quam pili fulvi involucrantes longioribus, pedicellatis eos subzequantibus ; gluma
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 57
1"* membranacea, ovato-lanceolata, subobtusa, bicarinata, margine inflexa, venis 4
convergentibus, purpurea, marginibus, apice, et carinis pilis fulvis obtectis;
2" hyalina, late lanceolata, acutiuscula, bicarinata, venis 3 convergentibus, mar-
ginibus inflexis et carinis supra basin pilis fulvis ciliatis; 3* hyalina, lanceolata,
subacuta, enervia, margine inflexa, supra medium ciliata; 4% quam 3% duplo
breviore, hyalina, subtrapezoidea, apice incisa, enervia, ciliata.
The culms are 14-17 inches long, with three nodes, the uppermost naked for 2} inches
below the panicle; the lowest sheath on the culm is glabrous, the upper two are pubes-
cent, those of the innovations glabrous; the blades convolute, appearing acicular or
subulate, and covered with a silky pubescence; the lowest on the culm is 3 in. long,
the upper two about 1 in. and 3 in. respectively, on the innovations 4-7 in. long; they
are 3 line in diameter when rolled. The panicle is small, oval, dense, and but little
branched, 13-2 in. long by 6-8 lines broad; the colour is tawny, tinged with wine-
red. The sessile spikelets are 3 lines long by 1 broad, with an involucre of stiff tawny
hairs about half the length of the outermost glume; the stalked spikelets are 24 lines
long, with a denser, longer, and more spreading involucre, slightly shorter than, or nearly
equal to, the spikelet. The outermost glume is 3 lines long by 1 broad, with two stronger
lateral veins parallel with the keels and two central ones which anastomose, one or both
falling short of the apex; the inflexed margins, the apex, and the upper portion of
the two keels bear tawny hairs, the rest of the surface being glabrous; the colour is
wine-red. The second glume is nearly 3 lines long by 3 line wide, with a midrib and
two lateral veins; the upper % of the keels and the infolded margin almost from the base
bear tawny hairs; the third glume is nearly 23 lines long, veinless; the upper 3 of the
inflexed margin and the upper half of the surface is hairy, but the hairs are shorter
and less coloured than in the last; two rows of hairs in the lower portion recall the
keels of the outer glumes; the fourth is about half the length of the third, is ciliated,
and has a cut subtruncate apex.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. (no. 8); Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan, no. 997).
Allied to the Cape and West Tropical-African species S. Munroanum, Hack., but easily
distinguished by the smaller inflorescence, the reddish and membranous (not coriaceous)
glumes of the sessile floret, and the shorter paler tufts of hair.
HARPECHLOA ALTERA, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate X. figs. 7-12.) Perennis, ceespitosa,
rhizomate duro; culmis tenuibus, foliosis, vaginis fere obtectis, qua nudi pubes-
centibus, erectis, complanatis, flexuosis, quam folia brevioribus; vaginis longis,
levibus, plicatis, carinatis; ligula brevi, pilosa; lamina lineari, glabra, striata,
flexuosa, plieata, valde carinata, margine involuta, apice pungente; spica unilaterali
vel disticha, faleata; gluma 1™ membranacea, complanata, scaphoidea, acutiuscula,
uninervia; 2?* precedenti simili, sed breviore; 3" florifera, brevissime pedicellata,
complanata, lanceolata, apice bifida, carina valida marginibusque dense ciliatis ;
palea inclusa, hyalina, profunde bicarinata; glumis duabus superioribus minoribus,
sterilibus, truncatis, apice emarginatis.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. I
58 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
A perennial tufted grass with a hard rhizome ; the annual shoots surrounded at the
base with the dried persistent leaf-sheaths, of which the internal ones are covered more or
less with a woolly pubescence. The slender leafy culm is almost completely covered by
the leaf-sheaths, woolly pubescent where exposed, is flattened, erect, flexuose, overtopped
by the radical leaves and those of the leafy shoots, 7-10 inches long. The leaf-sheaths
are long and smooth; the ligule is reduced to a ring of short hairs; the linear flexuose
blades have a strong keel, closely involute edges, and a pungent apex, those of the radical
leaves are 8-9 inches long, that of the upper leaf of the culm 1-13 inches. The inflores-
cence is a falcate, unilateral, or sometimes distichous spike 13-2 inches long; the spikelets
are 24 lines long, with one flower and two upper barren glumes. The outermost glume
is membranous with hyaline edges, compressed and boat-shaped, when opened out narrow,
triangular, with a blunt apex, light brown, with a dark keel and no lateral veins, 24 lines
long; the second is somewhat similar, but slightly shorter and of a long oval shape; the
short rhachilla beneath the flowering glume bears short tufts of hairs. The folded flowering
glume is lanceolate, when opened out ovate, with a bifid apex ; the sides are delicately
membranous, with a purple tinge; the strong keel and margins are densely ciliate, with
straw-coloured hairs, 13 lines long; the included narrow hyaline pale is deeply bicarinate
and slightly shorter. The two upper barren glumes are smaller, thin, hyaline, truncate,
with an emarginate apex, about 1 line long, the lower oval-oblong, the upper narrower.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. 1891 (4. Whyte, no. 64); Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan,
no. 163); Transvaal, Aug. 1880 (Nelson, no. 14); Natal.
Easily distinguished from H. capensis, Kunth, the only species of the genus hitherto
described, by its larger, narrower, and less rigid leaves exceeding the spike, which is also
narrower and more delicate, the smaller spikelet, the near approach to equality in the
two outermost glumes, the shape of the upper barren glumes, and the absence of a third
staminate flower.
TRICHOLANA ROSEA, Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr. i. p. 17.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; S. Africa.
'TRICHOLJENA aff. T. LEUCANTHA, Hochst. ex Steud. Gram. p. 92.
No leaves; specimen insufficient for determination.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
ANDROPOGON HIRTUS, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1046.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; Europe, Asia, and Africa.
K«ELERIA CRISTATA, Pers. Synops. i. p. 97.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.; Nyasa-land, 1891 (Buchanan, no. 991); Europe— Caucasus,
ERAGROSTIS, cf. E. MINOR, Host, Fl. Austr. i. p. 135.
Material insufficient for determination.
Hab. Milanji, Oct.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 59
FEsTUCA COSTATA, Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr. i. p. 447.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. ; S. Africa.
FESTUCA MILANJIANA, Rendle, sp. n. ; rhizomate subvalido; culmo 1-2-pedali, simplici.
erecto, compresso, l:evi, folioso, vaginis radicalibus demum in fibras solutis ; ligula
membranacea, alba, truncata, 1 lin. longa; foliis linearibus utrinque attenuatis,
planis vel siccis seepe convolutis, glabris, supra sulcatis, subtus subleevibus; paniculze
laxe substrictee ovalis semipedalis radiis geminis elongatis, ascendentibus, triquetris,
laevibus, prope medium divisis; spiculis ovali-lanceolatis, valde compressis, 4-floris ;
flosculis dissitiuseulis, haud coloratis; glumis lanceolatis, subscabridis, sterilibus
acutis, fertilibus 5-nerviis, apice bidente, carina in aristam intermediam perbrevem
producta.
The leaves which overtop the panicle may be a foot or more in length (including the
sheath, the length of the blade being from 6-9 inches) and from 1-14 lines at the widest
part ; the upper part is long and very attenuate. The panicle is from 5 to 6 inches long ;
the sterile glumes, which have two conspicuous nerves on each side (a third is rarely
present), are 4 lines long and the lowest fertile one 5 lines.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. |
Near the South-African species F. costata, Nees, and F. scabra, Vahl; distinguished
from the former by the narrower panicle, more lanceolate spikelets, colourless glumes,
and proportionately larger sterile glumes, these being nearly as long as the lower fertile
ones; from the latter by its lax panicle, more lanceolate spike, and less scabridity. The
culm flattened throughout is also a distinguishing characteristic.
BROMUS MILANJIANUS, Rendle, sp. n. ; culmo elongato, bipedali, levi, striato, compresso,
folioso; ligula membranacea, alba, truncata, demum fimbriata, 1 lin. longa; foliis
elongatis ; late linearibus, utrinque attenuatis, planis, supra sparse villosis, subtus
levibus, panicule anguste gracilis semipedalis radiis multis verticillatis ternis,
ascendentibus; spiculis compressis, trifloris, lateralibus breviter, terminalibus longe
pedicellatis; glumis sterilibus lanceolatis acutis, apice breviter setigeris, inferiore
uninervia, altera trinervia ; fertilibus glabris, late lanceolatis, inconspicue 7-nerviis,
apice profunde bifidis, carina scabridula in aristam flexuosam glumam parce
excedentem producta.
The acute tip of the uppermost leaf of the culm falls a little short of the top of the
panicle. The leaf-blades may attain a length of 9 in., and are 23 lines wide at their
broadest part. The graceful curving panicle is 6-7 in., the spikelets are 5 lines long.
The lowest sterile glume is 23 lines long and very acute; the upper is broader, 33 lines
long and à line broad. The lowest fertile glume measures, without the awn, 5 by
14 lines. Rhachilla pilose beneath the florets.
Hab. Milanji, Oct. No. 9.
Very near the two closely related species from Central Madagascar, B. arrhenatheroides
and B. avenoides, described by Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. pp. 301, 302, being
r2
-
60 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
remarkable for the deeply bifid flowering glumes and the avenoid habit. It is especially
near the former, its spikelets being 3-flowered, but is distinguished by its smaller sterile
glumes, slightly broader, very inconspicuously nerved fertile ones, and broader flattened
leaf-blade. The awn, moreover, is not sharply geniculate, but flexuose.
GYMNOSPERMA. (By A. B. RENDLE, M.A., F.L.S.)
WIDDRINGTONIA WuHYTEI, Rendle, sp. n. (Plate IX. figs. 6-10.) Arbor monoica ; ramis
et ramulis fastigiatis, illis teretibus, foliorum vestigiis ligneis notatis, his subteretibus
cum squamis arcte spiraliter imbricatis, infra adnatis, supra patentibus subpungenti-
WipDRINGTONIA WHYTEI.
From a photograph taken at Milanji, alt. 7500 ft., 12th Dec., 1893.
bus; squamis in ramulis ultimis decussatis, subquadratis, apice crassis; strobilis
masculis solitariis, terminalibus, ovalibus; antheris 8, decussatis, orbiculari-ovalibus,
bracteis geminis, subtendentibus; foemineis 4-6 in ramulo brevi aggregatis, sub-
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 61
globosis, squamis 4 basi connatis subsequalibus, duabus paulo majoribus, oblongis
obtusis, dorso rugosis vel subtuberculatis, infra apicem umbone conico armatis.
A magnificent tree, reaching a height of 140 feet, sometimes with a clear straight stem
for 90 feet, and a diameter of 5} feet at 6 feet from the base, sometimes giving off
long straggling branches nearer the base. The branchlets bearing the leafy shoots
are rough with the woody remains of the squamiform leaves; those of the next higher
order have spirally-arranged imbricating scales, with a suboval lower part adnate to
the stem and an upper free triangular part with a subpungent apex; the ultimate
branchlets have close-fitting decussate quadrate scales with a thickened apex ; a transverse
section of these shows three longitudinal resin-canals traversing the interior of the tissue,
a larger median and two smaller lateral ones. The male cones are solitary, terminal,
oval, and consist of eight orbicular-oval, subapiculate anthers, subtended by two spreading
apiculate bracts. The female cones are crowded 4-6 together on a short lateral shoot,
are subglobose, about 2 in. long and 2-1 in. wide when open. Of the four scales two are
slightly larger ; they are connate at the base, oblong-obtuse, more or less tuberculate on
the back, with a conical spur below the tip; the two internal faces are flat, subconcave
below, and smooth or longitudinally striated. Numerous hilar scars round the base of
the scales indicate the position of the winged seeds.
'The timber is of a pale reddish colour, of excellent quality, and easily worked. "The
bark on old trees is of great thickness, consisting of layers annually shed and renewed.
According to Mr. Whyte these fine trees are rapidly disappearing before the forest fires,
the few left being confined to the upper ravines and valleys, the largest forest finding a
comparatively secure habitat in the damp gorges of the Lutshenya valley.
It is of interest to note that the most nearly allied species, JW. juniperoides, Endl., seems
also to be dying out in the Cederberg Mts., for Parlatore says :—“ Olim vastas sylvas
efformabat, nune minus obvia."
Hab. Milanji, 6000-8000 ft.
Mr. Whyte's discovery extends the range of the genus into Tropical Africa.
Closely allied to JW. juniperoides of the Cederberg Mts., Cape Colony, but distinguished
by its smaller fruits, with much less tuberculated scales, and also by the shape and internal
structure of the leaf-scales on the ultimate branchlets. In W. Whytei these are quadrate,
with a slightly larger median and two lateral longitudinal resin-canals; while in the
Cederberg plant they are more rounded and have one very large canal traversing the
centre.
Bentham and Hooker regard Widdringtonia as a section of Callitris, a genus made up
of the North-African C. guadrivalvis, Vent., the Australian genus Frenela, and the
S-African and Mascarene Widdringtonia; Dr. Masters, however, in a recent paper
(Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. p. 16) restores Widdringtonia, and I am glad to have the oppor-
tunity of keeping it up.
PopOCARPUS MILANJIANA, Rendle, sp. n. ? Arbuscula, foliis confertis lineari-lanceolatis,
acutis, submucronatis, basi in petiolum perbrevem amgustatis et seepissime tortis,
62 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
coriaceis, rectis vel subfalcatis, nervo longitudinali prominente notatis, margine in
sicco vix revolutis ; amentis masculis 2-3-aggregatis, axillaribus, sessilibus, oblongo-
cylindraceis, obtusis, crassiusculis; squamis antheriferis late ovatis, apice rotunde
dilatatis ; pedicellis fructiferis solitariis, axillaribus, 1—2-floris.
The somewhat crowded leaves are almost sessile, with stomata on the lower surface only,
2-3 inches long, 3-5 lines broad; those of the male specimens are slightly broader than
those of the female. The male spikes are 1 inch long by 2 lines in diameter, the fruiting
pedicels 4-5 lines long. Only very young fruits were present.
Near Podocarpus Thunbergii, Hook. fil., from the Cape, but distinguished by its
narrower, longer leaves, and much larger, not solitary spikes. It differs from the allied
P. elongata, L'Hérit., in its much larger leaves and the form of the male spikes, which
are twice as thick, but shorter.
Hab. Milanji, 6000 ft., Oct. Nos. 34 & 39.
MOSSES. (By A. Gerr, M.A., F.L.S.)
Fragments of DicRANUM, LEUCOLOMA, BRYUM, and THUIDIUM.
POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1109.
Widely distributed.
AEROBRYUM ($ ERIOCLADIUM) CAPENSE, C. Muell.in Linnea, xl. p. 262.
Distrib. S. Africa.
PILOTRICHELLA ($ ORTHOSTICHELLA) IMBRICATA, Jaeg. Genera et Species Muscorum,
ii. p. 159.
Distrib. E. and W. Tropical Africa.
PILOTRICHELLA ($ ORTHOSTICHELLA) PSEUDO-IMBRICATA, Jaeg. loc. cif.
The Milanji specimens agree closely with a form in Herb. Hampe collected by Hilde-
brandt in the Comoro Islands, and bearing the MS. name Veckera (Orthostichella)
decolorans, Hampe.
PoROTRICHUM DENTATUM, Gepp, sp. n. Dioieum (?). Rhizoma repens. Caules ascen-
dentes, inferne simplices, foliis sparse vestiti, pollicares, superne flabellati. Flabellum
lutescens, complanatum, laxe dendroideum, 1-2-pollicare. Rami pollicares, subsim-
plices vel irregulariter pinnatim ramosi. Folia caulinae basi lata (1 mm.), amplexi-
cauli, erecto-patentia, deltoideo-ovata, breviter aeuminata, haud plicata ; ramea e basi
angustiore ad alas impressa, patula ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, caviuscula, plerumque
plica medio exarata, apice obtuso apiculato, margine late recurvo, inferne serrulato,
superne serrato, versus apicem dentato, nervo valido ad 2 evanido, cellulis inferioribus
linearibus ad alas impressas brevibus incrassatis, superioribus ovali-rotundatis.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 63
Folia pericheetialia pallida, inferne lutea, ovata, longe acuminata, ecostata, margine
serrulato. Archegonia circa 25, cum pallidis paraphysibus dense conferta.
This plant somewhat resembles Porotrichum penneforme, C. Muell., in size and general
appearance, but differs in the less crowded, more ascending branches, and the areolation
of the leaves.
Male flowers not observed. Rhizome 0:25 mm. thick, angulate. Flabellate stems
5-7 cm. long. Stem-leaves 1:5 mm. long; areolation at base lax, irregularly oval, linear
above, and towards apex oval, with thick cell-walls sparsely pitted. Branch with its
leaves about 1 mm. thick. Branch-leaves 1:25-1:5 mm. long, not complanate normally ;
nerve often concealed in a deep fold. Perichzetial leaves with cells crowded, hexagonal,
thin-walled at base; marginal row quadrate, very delicate, linear above, with walls thick,
gelatinoid, pitted.
Hab. Milanji. ,
HEPATICS. (By A. Gerr, M.A., F.L.S.)
PLAGIOCHILA RUTENBERGIT, Gottsche, in Abhandl. naturwiss. Vereines Bremen, vii.
p. 338.
The Milanji specimens agree in most respects with Gottsche's description and figures.
"They differ in having the ala of the perianth in some cases ciliato-dentate (4 cilia) towards
the apex.
Distrib. Madagascar.
LoPHOCOLEA, sp.
RADULA, sp. Near R. Boryana, Nees.
PHRAGMICOMA PAPPEANA, Nees, Synops. Hepat. p. 296.
Distrib. S. and E. Africa.
LEJEUNEA (0 LoPHOLEJEUNEA), sp.
LEJEUNEA ($ EULEJEUNEA) FLAVA, Gottsche, Lindenb., & Nees, Synops. Hepat. p. 373.
Widely distributed in the Tropics.
LEJEUNEA DECURSIVA, v. d. Sande Lacoste, Syn. Hep. Jav. tab. xiv.
Our sterile specimen agrees exactly with the figure quoted.
Distrib. Java.
LEJEUNEA ($ MICROLEJEUNEA) GRACILLIMA, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. p. 115.
Distrib. Ceylon, Tropical Africa.
FRULLANIA BRUNNEA, Gottsche, Lindenb., & Nees, Mimi i Hepat. p. 441.
Distrib. S. Africa.
64 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
METZGERIA FURCATA, Dum. Rec. Obs. Jung. i. p. 261.
Widely distributed.
METZGERIA MYRIAPODA, Lindb. in Act. Soc. Faun. et Fl. Fenn. i. (Monog. Metz. p. 22).
Distrib. America.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
PLATE 1.
Figs. 1-3. Anemone Whyteana, Baker fil.
Fig. 1. Plant, natural size.
2. Stamen, enlarged.
3. Carpel, with style, enlarged.
Figs. 4-13. Impatiens shirensis, Baker fil.
Fig. 4. Plant, natural size.
5. Standard, side view, natural size.
6. Keel, with spur, side view, natural size.
7 & 8. Lip, front view, natural size.
9 & 10. Sepals, natural size.
11. Stamens, natural size.
12. Peduncle, with ovary, natural size.
13. Portion of leaf, showing serration, magnified three diameters.
PLATE II.
Figs, 1-4. Eriosema shirensis, Baker fil.
Fig. 1. Standard, magnified two diameters.
2. One of the wings, magnified two diameters.
3. Keel, magnified two diameters.
4. Legume, magnified two diameters.
Figs. 5-12, Flemingia macrocalyx, Baker fil.
Fig. 5. Plant, natural size.
. 6. Standard, magnified two diameters.
7. One of the wings, magnified two diameters.
. 8. Keel, magnified two diameters.
9. Stamens, magnified two diameters.
10. Ovary, with style and stigma, magnified two diameters.
1l. Legume, magnified two diameters.
am. Teese section of same to show amount of turgidity, msgid ivo dide Ee
Fig. 13
14.
15.
16.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 65
Figs. 13-17. Dissotis Johnstoniana, Baker fil.
. Part of plant, natural size.
The same, in fruit, natural size.
Bud, natural size.
One of the small stamens, enlarged.
17. One of the large stamens, showing the elongate arcuate connective, the figure to the left natural
Fig.
aor 00
Ex. 7.
10.
ii.
12.
13.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
size, that to the right being the same enlarged.
PLATE III.
Figs. 1-6. Choristylis shirensis, Baker fil.
. Part of plant, natural size.
. Portion of inflorescence, natural size.’
. View of the flower, the two front petals having been removed, enlarged.
. Fruit, enlarged.
. Stamen, enlarged.
. Pistil, enlarged.
Figs. 7-13. Tryphostemma apetalum, Baker fil.
Part of plant, natural size.
. Portion of stem, with base of leaf, peduncle, and stipuliform appendage, natural size.
. The same, enlarged to show the relative position of the points of attachment to the stem, of the
petiole, peduncle, and stipuliform appendage.
a. Stipuliform appendage.
b. Point of attachment of same.
c. Point of attachment of peduncle.
d. Point of attachment of petiole.
Sepal, enlarged.
Inner corona and stamens, enlarged.
Outer corona, enlarged.
Ovary, with styles and stigmas, enlarged.
PLATE IV.
Figs. 1 & 2. Othonna Whyteana, Britten.
. Portion of plant, natural size.
. Fruit, with pappus.
Figs. 3-5. Vaccinium africanum, Britten.
. Branch, natural size.
. Flower, enlarged.
. Upper part of stamen, with anther, enlarged.
66 THE PLANTS OF MILANJI, NYASA-LAND,
PLATE V.
Figs. 1-6. Erica Johnstoniana, Britten.
Fig. 1. Branch, natural size.
2. Flower, enlarged.
3. The same, without calyx or corolla, enlarged.
4. Upper part of stamen, with anther, enlarged.
5. Lower side of leaf, enlarged.
6. Upper side of leaf, enlarged.
Figs. 7-12. Erica Whyteana, Britten.
Fig. 7. Branch, natural size.
8. Terminal shoot with crowded leaves, natural size.
9. Flower, enlarged.
10, The same, without calyx or corolla, enlarged.
11. Upper part of stamen, with anther, enlarged.
12. Leaf, enlarged.
PLATE VI.
Figs. 1-3. Mascarenhasia variegata, Britten & Rendle.
Fig. 1. Branch, natural size.
2. Flower, enlarged.
3. Portion of corolla-tube, cut open to show stamens, enlarged.
Figs. 4-6. Stathmostelma reflexum, Britten & Rendle.
Fig. 4, Branch, natural size.
5. Flower, enlarged.
6. Pollen-carrier, enlarged.
PLATE VII.
Figs. 1-3. Disa zombaensis, Rendle.
Fig. 1. Portion of stem, with spike, slightly reduced.
2. Front view of flower, after removal of odd sepal and lateral petals, slightly enlarged.
3. Pollinium, enlarged.
Figs. 4-6. Disa hamatopetala, Rendle.
Fig. 4. Plant, natural size.
5. Side view of flower, after removal of odd sepal, enlarged.
6. Lateral petal, enlarged.
COLLECTED BY MR. ALEXANDER WHYTE. 67
Prare VIII.
Figs. 1-5. Vellozia splendens, Rendle.
Fig. 1. Shoot, slightly reduced.
. Flower, natural size.
. Leaf, natural size.
. Perianth leaf, inside view, showing pair of scales and stamens, enlarged.
. Stamen, enlarged.
AOS
PLATE IX.
Figs. 1-5. Thesium Whyteanum, Rendle.
. Branch, natural size.
. Flower, enlarged.
. Longitudinal section of same, enlarged.
. Fruit, enlarged.
. Apex of leaf, enlarged.
Fig.
Oah C). -—
Figs. 6-11. Widdringtonia Whytei, Rendle.
Fig. 6. Branch, bearing male cones and cluster of fruits, natural size.
7. Transverse section of a branchlet of W. juniperoides, showing two opposite leaves with single
resin-canal in each.
8. The same of W. Whytei, showing the three resin-canals in each leaf.
9. Piece of branchlet and detached leaf of W. Whytei.
10. Male cone of same.
11. Seed of same.
PLATE X.
Figs. 1-6. Panicum pectinatum, Rendle.
1. Plant, natural size.
2, 3, 4. First, second, and third empty glumes, enlarged.
5. Flowering glume, enlarged.
6. Portion of peduncle bearing capitate hairs.
Figs. 7-12. Harpechloa altera, Rendle.
Fig. 7. Plant, natural size.
8. A spikelet, enlarged.
9. Flowering glume.
10. The same, opened, and seen from within.
11. Pale.
12. Upper barren flower.
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ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT.
IN NORTH |
(Communicated by W. Jy Turskttox Dyer, CMG,
FLEET STREET.
[^99]
II. On the Flora of Mount Kinabalu, in North Borneo. By O. Stabr, Ph.D.,
Assistant for India, Royal Herbarium, Kew. (Communicated by W. T. THISELTON
Dyer, C.M.G., F.R.S., F.L.S.)
(Plates XI.-XX.)
Read 15th June, 1893.
In May, 1892, Dr. G. D. Haviland, then Curator of the Museum at Kuching, Sarawak,
successfully accomplished an expedition to Mount Kinabalu, in North-east Borneo. A set
of his botanical collections was sent to Kew, and I was entrusted with the determination
of the plants and the description of the new species. In examining them I soon found out
that our set contained not only all those species of Sir Hugh Low’s collection from the
same mountain, which were described by Sir Joseph Hooker in the * Icones Plantarum’
(1852), and in the * Transactions of the Linnean Society ' (1860)—with the exception of
Nepenthes, of which there is no specimen in Dr. Haviland’s collection—but also nearly
all the other species from the same collector which were preserved, unnamed or
provisionally named by Sir Joseph Hooker, in the Kew Herbarium. The same was the
case with a set of specimens collected by Mr. F. W. Burbidge. I decided to include
them with Dr. Haviland’s collection, particularly as they supplemented it in a very
useful way as specimens, as well as by the notes which Sir Hugh Low had attached to
them, and not less because I felt that I must not silently pass over the prominent
share which Sir Hugh Low had in the exploration of that remarkable mountain. Thus
the result was a complete enumeration of the plants hitherto collected on Mt. Kina-
balu. The indications of altitude and of many other details on Sir Hugh Low’s and
Dr. Haviland’s labels and numerous notes and sketches in Mr. Burbidge’s diary, which
he kindly lent me, in combination with the descriptions of the general features of
the mountain contained in Low’s report on his first ascent (Journ. Ind. Arch. vi.
1852, pp. 1-17), in Spencer St. John’s article “Observations on the North-west Coast
of Borneo ” (Journ. R. Geogr. Soc. xxxii. 1862, p. 217-233), and in the same author’s
book ‘ Life in the Forest of the Far East,’ in Burbidge’s ‘The Gardens of the Sun,’
and in Whitehead’s ‘ Exploration of Mount Kinabalu,’ have encouraged me to draw a
sketch of the general differentiation of the vegetation of the mountain in zones of altitude
and in botanical formations.* The presence of Australian and Antarctic types in the
flora of Kinabalu was already known from Sir Joseph Hooker’s publications and from
occasional remarks in the * Genera Plantarum’ and in Bentham's ‘ Flora Australiensis,’
but it is much more pronounced in the collection now under consideration. This fact,
and the very remarkable phytogeographical relationships of Kinabalu, induced me to
also add a paragraph on the phytogeographical affinities of the flora of the mountain. 1
. . , L4 LJ LI . ”
* « Pflanzenformationen ” of Grisebach, * formations végétales," “ formazioni vegetali.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. L
70 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
am well aware that conclusions drawn from about 360 species, perhaps one fourth or
one fifth of the phanerogamic vegetation of the mountain, cannot be considered final, but
they may yet mark a considerable progress if we keep in view that all the hitherto
published species from Kinabalu amounted to less than 20 species. In working out
the collection I met with the same difficulty which is alluded to by almost every botanist
who has had to deal with the Malayan flora—the difficulty which arises from Blume’s and
particularly from Miquel’s practice of describing species from very incomplete material,
and from the fact that not a few of the determinations in the collections which were
distributed from Leyden are untrustworthy. However, by revising the Malayan material
of those genera with which I had to deal in the Kew Herbarium, I have succeeded
generally in bringing together trustworthy types of most of the species hitherto described,
or at least of those which possibly might come under consideration, thus laying a solid
foundation.
The Orchids have been determined and described by Mr. Ridley, Superintendent of the
Botanic Garden in Singapore; the Ferns by Mr. J. G. Baker, Keeper of the Royal
Herbarium, Kew, and the Mosses by Mr. C. H.Wright, Assistant in the Royal Herbarium,
Kew, and by Mr. W. Mitten; whilst Mr. C. B. Clarke has been kind enough to name
most Cyperacee and to place his descriptions of two new species of Cladium at my
disposal. It very fortunately happened that Dr. Haviland arrived at Kew just before
this paper was ready for press. He obliged me deeply by going through the general part
of the manuscript with me and by assisting me with his valuable experience gained on
the spot. This entailed, of course, various corrections and modifications, adding,
however, I hope, to the value of the paper. He allowed me also to insert an abstract of
an account of his expedition which was originally drawn up for private use.
I here avail myself of the opportunity to express my most sincere gratitude to
these gentlemen for their kind help, and to add particularly my heartiest thanks to
Mr. W. T. Thiselton Dyer, the Director, for the permission to work out this most
valuable collection, and to publish the results, and to Professor D. Oliver and my
colleague Mr. W. Botting Hemsley, for their assistance in many difficult cases.
I. HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE BOTANICAL EXPLORATION OF MOUNT KINABALU.
From Sir Hveum Low's First EXPEDITION (1851) To
Mr. WHITEHEAD’s EXPLORATION (1887, 1888).
Mount Kinabalu was first visited by Mr. (now Sir) Hugh Low, who nearly
reached the summit, in 1851. A collection made on this occasion was sent to
Kew, and the more striking species were described by Sir Joseph Hooker in the
‘Icones Plantarum,’ vol. ix. (1852), whilst an account of the ascent was published
by Sir Hugh Low himself in ‘Journ. Ind. Arch.’ vi. (1852) pp. 1-17. In 1856
Mr. Thomas Lobb, the well-known collector, attempted to reach the mountain, but
~ he was forced by the natives to return. Some of Lobb’s plants in the Kew Herbarium
e marked “ Borneo ” may have been collected on this abortive expedition, but there is no
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 71
evidence for it, except in the case of a species of Pinanga which was obtained at Bongol, on
the Lower Tampassuk. In 1858 Sir Hugh Low, accompanied by Mr. Spencer St. John,
Consul-General for Borneo, twice repeated his attempt to explore Kinabalu. The first
time, in April and May, Sir Hugh Low was compelled to stay at Kiau, on the foot of
the mountain, whilst Mr. St. John ascended it almost to the top. The second time, in
July, he was more successful, and they both reached a peak which is only second in
height to the summit. It was then that the splendid Pitcher-plants were collected, which
Sir Joseph Hooker described and figured in the ‘ Transactions of the Linnean Society,’
vol xxii. (1859), and made the mountain at once famous. A very exhaustive
report on both expeditions may be found in Spencer St. John's * Life in the Far East.'
Several later attempts to ascend Kinabalu had no botanic importance, but in 1877
Mr. F. W. Burbidge went there to collect for Messrs. Veitch of Chelsea. A set of
- dried plants gathered on Kinabalu was sent to Kew, together with others from Labuan,
from the Lawas River, and other places in North-east Borneo. As, however, the labels
in many cases do not indicate the locality beyond the general printed heading “ North
Borneo," I have omitted those without the special indication, unless it was evident from
Burbidge's book or diary that they were from Kinabalu. In 1887 and 1888 Mr. John
Whitehead, an ornithologist, undertook several expeditions to Mount Kinabalu. In
1888 he stayed for more than four weeks at an elevation of about 8000 feet, and he
ascended the top under very favourable conditions. Mr. Whitehead collected a few
plants, which he presented to the Natural History Museum, South Kensington. His
splendidly illustrated book ‘Exploration of Mount Kinabalu’ contains not only a
detailed account of his expedition with several very fine illustrations representing the
mountain as seen from different sides and elevations, but also numerous remarks
which throw light on the general character of the vegetation. The last and, from
a botanical point of view, most successful expedition was Dr. G. D. Haviland’s,
in March and April 1892, on the results of which the greatest part of the present
paper is based. As Dr. Haviland has not published an account of his expedition, I
asked his permission to insert an abstract of an account drawn up by him for private
use. This abstract, which follows, consists of the copied passages of the account
which I thought of interest in connection with the subject of this paper, and
Dr. Haviland kindly undertook the revision of it.
Dr. Havinann’s EXPEDITION (1892).
Dr. Haviland writes :— We left Kuching on March 1st, and reached Gaya late on the
evening of the 5th. Here we stayed till the 10th, whilst our packages and provisions were
being carried by boat to Tawaran. We reached Tawaran early on the morning of the 11th.
The river is small, and there is a bar at the mouth. The Government offices are situated
about an hour’s pull up the river. Beyond there is a large open plain, free from jungle,
and thickly populated by Dusuns and their buffalos. The paddi harvest was over, the
ground very dry, and the river low. On the 12th we sent our packages up river to
a house at the east end of the plain, near the foot of the hills, whilst we and the coolies
walked on foot, and we reached the place long before the boat. The river was about
L2
72 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
30 yards broad, but in places scarcely more than 2 feet deep, the whole way across with
a sandy bed. At daybreak on the 13th the land-breeze from Kinabalu was very
strong, and the thermometer read 21° C. We kept along the north bank of the Tawaran
till we came to a tributary, which we crossed and followed a short distance before
beginning the ascent of the spur between it and the main river. The highest point we
reached was 1800 ft. above the sea; from this we could see the Tawaran curving round
us to the south. A little further on we reached a scattered village, where we passed the
night. At daybreak on the 14th the temperature was about 23° C., although our
altitude was 1500 ft.; a thick mist filled the valley below us, which must have been the
head of the tributary we crossed yesterday. We got off early, and still kept along the
mountain-ridge in a direct course for Kinabalu. Everything was very dry, though in
the afternoon we saw rain at a distance in the direction of Kinabalu. About midday we
reached our highest point, 2700 ft., whence the ridge turns northward, but we kept our
eastward course, descended into the valley, and crossed a stream running southwards
into the Tawaran; its bed had an altitude of 1500 ft. We still kept eastward and
before long came upon the Tawaran itself, now a rapid stream with a very stony bed,
and about to our knees in depth; its altitude was about 1500 ft. Keeping along it and
crossing it, we soon reached the village of Bongol; here the Tawaran bends round
coming from the southward, a tributary only coming from the eastward. The village
presented quite a different appearance to any in Sarawak territory, for it stood on
pasture-land closely grazed by buffalos. Pinang-palmsand cocoanut-trees were scattered
about in clumps, and climbing up them were strong tall plants of sirih (Piper Betle).
We got off early on the morning of the 15th, and after following the river a short
distance, again turned eastwards and ascended the single ridge here separating the
Tawaran and Tampassuk. The altitude of our highest point was about 3100 ft.; from
thence our descent to the Tampassuk was very steep. This river was much larger than
the Tawaran at Bongol, but its altitude above the sea almost the same, and we forded it with
the water scarcely over our knees. We kept along its eastern bank till we reached the
village of Koung, situated on a flat pasture-land with hills rising abruptly from its
sides and the Tampassuk coursing through it. A drizzling rain at 3 p.m. indicated our
proximity to the mountain and a change of weather.
“We crossed the river on the morning of the 16th, and kept along its western bank.
On reaching the Kadamaian, the most southerly branch of the Tampassuk, our party
divided, the larger crossing it and ascending the northern slopes of the ridge between the
Kadamaian and Penokok, getting splendid views of Kinabalu up the Penokok valley ;
but I with some Dyaks kept to the valley of the Kadamaian; the water was low, and we
crossed and recrossed it several times. At an altitude of about 2000 ft. we left the river-
bed and ascended the southern side of the ridge between Kadamaian and Penokok,
reaching the village of Kiau, which is situated at about 3000 ft. on the southern slopes
of this ridge.
“The next day we went out to look for plants and birds. I descended northwards
towards the Penokok, The top of the ridge was about 3500 ft. above the sea, and
thence we got a splendid view of the south-western precipices of Kinabalu from their
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 73
base. Rocky irregular spurs and hollows covered with old jungle formed the heads of
the Penokok and Dahombang, and descended to an altitude of about 3000 ft., where
these rivers entered cultivated land, and running westward, separated only by a strip of
land, do not join till they reach the entrance of the narrow valley, into which the
Kinitaki from the north and the Kadamaian from the south also flow, and which is the
commencement of the Tampassuk. The Haiahaia is a tributary of the Penokok, which
joins it just as it enters the cultivated area; both seem to drain from the great southern
spur of Kinabalu and its western offshoot, on which the village of Kiau stands. The
Dahombang is larger than the Penokok, and seems to drain from a part of the very base
of the great precipices. Looking across this comparatively broad Penokok-Dahombang
valley, we saw it bounded on the other side by a steep ridge somewhat higher than the
one we were on and covered by old jungle. Beyond this was the Kinitaki, a still larger
river, draining the greater part of the huge precipices, and running parallel to the
Dahombang towards Mt. Saduk Saduk till turned southwards by it, and entering the
Dahombang a little below its junction with the Penokok. Beyond the Kinitaki must
be a watershed joining Mt. Saduk Saduk with the Maripari spur of Kinabalu, and
beyond this must be the rivers mentioned by the Dusuns: Lambun, Pengataran *, Liban,
and Wariu, entering the Tampassuk in its lower course. The Kadamaian comes from
the very top of Kinabalu. Its head at Low's Gully runs down the southern slopes of
Kinabalu, passing between the heads of the Kinitaki, Dahombang, and the Penokok
on the west side, and a branch of the Sugut on the east side, then curving westwards it
passes south of Kiau, then north-west till it joins the Dahombang just below that river's
junction with the Kinitaki, thus forming the commencement of the Tampassuk in a
narrow valley on the south-west side of Mt. Saduk Saduk. In Mr. St. John's map
Kalupis is used for what the Kiau men told us was called Kadamaian. On being asked
they said Kalupis was a small branch of the Kadamaian.
* Next morning we were up at 4.30 a.m. in hopes of starting early, but it was midday
before we were off. The Dusuns had other matters on hand, and they took us only half
a mile to a kladi-field t in the valley below.
« Next morning, the 19th, Dusuns came from the village to carry our things, and we
started up stream. On our left was the granite peak of Kinabalu, just overtopping
the Kiau ridge, and in front was a narrow valley of old jungle, headed by a ridge some
6000 ft. in height, being the long southern spur of Kinabalu, and along this ridge lay
our way to the mountain-top. We soon left the kladi-fields, and taking to the river-bed
at an altitude of 2600 ft. we passed into the jungled valley, whose sides were at first
quite precipitous. We had much clambering over huge slippery boulders, till by
midday we reached an altitude of 3200 ft. The northern side of the valley was still
inaccessibly steep, but the southern was no longer so, and on starting again we gradually
ascended this, still keeping on our eastward course. We now caught sight of a
magnificent cascade, the Kadamaian waters entering the valley by pouring over the
ridge in front. The stream seemed scarcely to have cut into the rock at all, and for the
first 1500 ft. was nearly perpendicular. At 2 P.M. we came to a great overhanging rock.
* Mentioned as “ Pantaran " by Whitehead. + Caladium esculentum.
74 DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
The place was 5000 ft. above the sea, with a good stream of water close by. The Dusuns
called it Lobang; here we stayed a week. The rock was large enough to shelter all our
party, but, being convex vertically, the shelter was not good. In heavy rain the water
ran down almost to the base of the rock before it dripped off. Facing to the west we
never saw the sun; shut in by mossy trees we scarcely saw the sky. At daybreak the
thermometer was 14°C.; daily the mists set in about 11 A.m., and the rain began at
midday.
“Many Bornean heights form knife-like ridges, a few feet broad at the top. Along
these is a track probably kept open by deer, on either side of which grow plants. These
are almost always in flower and love the sunshine, which can be here felt even through
the mist. Among these plants are notably Vaccinium, Rhododendron, and sometimes
Pitcher-plants. A few feet lower the vegetation is completely changed, but nowhere
have I seen this change more marked than on this ridge above Lobang, which was the
southern spur of Kinabalu. The sides shelved steeply down, and on them grew the
sub-summit shrubs with lanky bent and angled stems, densely clothed with long damp
moss and lichen, and growing from the slope rather than upwards in the struggle for the
light. Beneath them were no other shrubs or herbs but tangled moss-covered roots.
Along this zone, which was more than 100 feet in height, we usually found a fallen fruit
closely resembling a chestnut. Below this zone is common jungle of mixed trees, shrubs,
and herbs. No bird or squirrel was the same as in the low country, and there were
no monkeys. -At an altitude of about 6000 feet was a tree, from whose hollow a bear
had recently removed a nest of bees. On the morning of the 22nd we followed a well-
marked path which we found led to Temburungo, the place where Mr. Whitehead formed
his camp at an altitude of 7750 feet. On reaching the top of this ridge we found in
front of us the Sugut, behind us the valley of the Kadamaian from which we had just
come; on our left was an upper valley of the Kadamaian above the waterfall, a much
larger valley than I had expected to find and full of tall jungle-trees. In its lower
part it was not steep ; above this it stretched suddenly upwards and northwards to the
southern slopes of the granite cap of Kinabalu. We had to follow the ridge between
this valley and the Sugut a little way before reaching Temburungo. This was just such
a swampy spot asin England is loved by Sphagnum, Carices, Heaths, Gentians, Asphodel,
and Drosera. The Drosera, however, I could not find; the Asphodel had its represen-
tative ; the Gentian was a dwarf. There was no running water, but pools of it in holes
. which had been dug by Mr. Whitehead. We had sunshine and splendid views to the south
and to the west. I followed the ridge further to 8000 feet, when it became obscure. On
the 26th we went up to Temburungo. Kinabalu had been visible up till noon, and after
_ that was hidden only by white clouds. Up till now the sun had made the place quite
warm, but at 3 p.m. the rain began and the temperature rapidly fell to 13^5 C.
“On the 27th I started for Pakapaka. We kept along the big southern spur of Kina-
balu, having sources of the Sugut on our right and the upper Kadamaian on our left.
| The rise is as great as from Lobang to Temburungo ; but it is longer and more gradual.
We were soon in mist, and, as all the jungle-plants were dripping with moisture, got wet
ue We reached Pakapaka about midday. The cave was formed by a single
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 75
slab of granite, and though small it promised good protection, and the mountain
torrent just at its mouth gave a good supply of water. The mist and rain increased.
Everything got damper and damper. The boulders of rock over which I had at first
walked and climbed after plants were gradually submerged in a foaming roaring torrent,
descending the hill at an angle of about 20°. Some small shrubs grew behind the
large boulders, being protected by them. These were so encompassed and shaken by
the water that the torrent could seldom have risen much higher than it was. All
the afternoon the cold wind blew up the stream into our cave. At 5 p.m. the
temperature of the air was 11° C., of the water in the torrent 10°C. The aneroid
read 20°84; the boiling-point was by one thermometer 294° F., by another 90° C.
There were quantities.of flowering shrubs round our cave and down both sides of the
torrent.
“On the 28th the temperature at daybreak was 8°C. About 7 o'clock we started, and
were soon again on the ridge overlooking the Sugut. The ridge broadened out, and at
about 11,000 feet we found ourselves in quite a different region at the foot of the granite
cap, which stood steep and almost bare somewhat on our left. Along our ridge the
gradually dwarfing shrubs ran up yet another 1000 feet, forming a thick jungle, and
reached to the eastern end of the granite cap. We avoided this jungle, and keeping on
the Kadamaian side passed over a flatter area, where many little streams from the granite
cap collect and unite before beginning the rapid descent past Pakapaka cave. Here
were patches of shrubs in flower, patches of bare rock, and patches of mossy swamps,
where grew buttercups, Potentillas, and a small white Gentian. It wasa delightfully
warm place when the sun was out. We soon began the ascent of the rough granite cap,
sloping at first but getting gradually steeper, till we were obliged to make use of ledges.
A little higher up the steepness disappeared, and we found ourselves at the foot of a long
inclined plane of granite, sloping to us from the north. Low’s Gully was in front, but
we. kept to the west and reached the top of the sharp northern ridge about its middle.
It overlooked a lofty precipice, which, with the nearly precipitous sides of a rugged ridge
running northwards to Mt. Nohan on the east and a buttress of the largest north-west
peak on the west, formed the boundary of a deep valley with perpendicular sides and a
narrow outlet to the north-west in the direction of the Pengataran.
The plants on the top were stunted, only a few inches high, growing only in the
crevices of the rock, to which they had a very firm hold, so that it was difficult even with
both hands to collect them with their roots. In two hollows shrubs were growing.
One was at the foot of Low’s Gully, where was the blood-red Rhododendron: the other
higher up near the foot of St. John’s Peak; here I collected Rubus Lowi. We stayed
about a couple of hours on the top collecting all the time, and returned that afternoon
to Temburungo. It was the last fine day we had, and the mist prevented us from ever
again getting to 12,000 feet. On April the 2nd we again moved to Pakapaka, and
stayed there till the 9th: every day the clouds and mists came up about 9 A.M. and rain
began about noon, and by 1 o’clock the stream in front of our cave had become a roaring,
foaming, impassable torrent, which subsided in the night.
* At 8 a.m. on the 8th the thermometer read 9”5 C., the aneroid 20°84, the boiling-point
76 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
was 194707 F. The altitude of the Pakapaka cave must therefore be 2700 ft. above
Temburungo, or 10,450 ft. above the sea.
* On the 10th at 3.30 p.m. the temperature at Temburungo was 15°-7 O., the aneroid
22:90 inches, the boiling-point by one thermometer 92^8 C., by another 198^7 F. The
altitude of Temburungo must therefore be 7750 ft. above the sea.
* On the 11th we returned to Lobang, and on the 12th to Kiau. On the 14th we moved
to the bed of the Penokok river, where we camped till the 24th. On the 18th I visited
Maripari, where the aneroid about noon stood at 24°6 inches, which gives the altitude at
about 5000 ft. Maripari seems to be on the spur of the great north-western peak which
runs out to Mt. Saduk Saduk, separating the Kinitaki from the headwaters of the
Pengataran. On the 24th we commenced our return to the coast. We found the rivers
swollen and unfordable, and that we had fallen on weather unusually wet even for Kina-
balu.”
TI. OROGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, AND METEOROLOGY.
OROGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY.
Mt. Kinabalu is situated in Keppel Province, British North Borneo, 20 miles from
Ambok Bay and 30 miles from Gaya Bay. It is the highest mountain of the
Malay Archipelago, reaching an altitude of 18,698 feet according to Capt. Belcher,
and is not volcanic like most other high mountains of this region. Mt. Kinabalu
proper is a huge mass of eruptive (?) granite, which emerges with precipitous, almost
everywhere inaccessible, sides from a much and deeply dissected highland. The
summit itself is not much more than 2 miles long; but it sends a long spur out from
near its eastern end, running N.N.E. This spur culminates in a long, jagged, and
narrow ridge, between 10,000 and 11,000 feet high, and breaking off in equally inaccessible
precipices; it is most probably formed also of granite. Another spur runs from the
south-eastern part to S.S.W. This spur, or rather range, however, has a very different
character; it begins where it parts from the granite cap at an altitude of about
11,000 feet, descending soon below 8000 feet. St. John estimates its length at 20 miles;
but it is probably much longer and perhaps in direct orographic connection with the
mountains from which the Padas and the Kimanis rivers drain; yet it does not seem to
rise anywhere to an altitude of more than 6000 to 7000 feet, whilst it is known to descend
in the Tambunan Pass, 30 miles south-west of Kinabalu, to 4700 feet. This range, the
main range of the highland of Kinabalu, consists, for several miles south from the
granite cap, “at first of sandstone, then of black shale, almost as hard as rock"
(Spencer St. John, Journ. R. Geogr. Soc. xxxii. p. 233). The ridge is narrow, but, like
the steep slopes, covered with dense forest. The jagged northern spur suddenly breaks
off, leaving a deep gap between itself and a high peak of conical shape, the altitude of
which is estimated at about 8000 feet. Otherwise there is no continuation of the high-
| land i in this direction. Numerous other spurs shoot out from the flanks of the granite
cap and the northern spur almost in every direction, leaving narrow and steep valleys
between them, but not one attains any considerable length. "Those on the western side of
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 77
the mountain branch off at an altitude of 5000 to 6000 feet, rapidly descending to the
bed of the Tampassuk and to an altitude of 1000 to 2000 feet, and thus having enormous
precipices, 8000 and more feet high, above them. The south-western spurs branch off at
a higher elevation; yet they are by no means longer. <A few steep conical peaks of
moderate height, as for instance the Saduk Saduk, near Koung, rise from these spurs,
west and north-west and at no great distance from Kinabalu. All these spurs seem to
consist of sandstone in the lower parts. On some of them a rock, designated as
serpentine, has been found cropping out near the granite cap, and Whitehead mentions
also “shale.” They are evidently all of the same geognostic character as the main
range. From the east the lowland of the basin of the Sugut River approaches very
closely to Mt. Kinabalu.
As to the geological age of the sandstone and of the Schistose formation of the highland
we have not much more than suggestions to make, based upon the analogy with other
parts of Borneo which are better known. But Posewitz (‘ Borneo,’ p. 197 &e.) is probably
right in attributing the same geological character to this highland which distinguishes
the greater part of highland Borneo and the tin islands Banca and Billiton, which are
particularly well known. If this be so, the schistose rock would represent what is called
the Old Malayan Schistose Formation, which would therefore form the backbone of the
highland, from which the granite of Kinabalu proper emerges as an isolated mass, the
product of a local but powerful eruption. The sandstone, on the other hand, which
skirts the spurs and of which the whole or the greater part of the hilly country between
Kinabalu and the north coast is composed, would be Tertiary. The Old Malayan Schistose
Formation was hitherto generally considered as Paleozoic, particularly Devonian, and
Posewitz places even the eruptions of granite and diorite which are not unfrequent in
this region in the Devonian period ; but Martin pointed out a few years ago that the
Schistose formation is much younger, perhaps even Cretaceous. However this may be,
it does not materially affect the assumption that the highland of Kinabalu is old land.
According to Posewitz, Borneo was an extensive archipelago in the early Tertiary period,
consisting of several large and numerous small islands, and among the larger ones was the
highland of Kinabalu, with Kinabalu itself at its northern end. To judge from the rate
at which denudation takes place at present the island must have reached a very consider-
able altitude even then, and the mountains may have been still loftier. The fact that the
highland of Kinabalu is not only old land, but old highland, is very important with
respect to the history of its flora.
I quote below a few passages from Whitehead’s book which, in combination with
Dr. Haviland’s account on pp. 71-76, will give the reader a better idea of the physiognomy
of this remarkable mountain and the surrounding landscape. The first passage, taken
from pp. 58 and 59, refers to the view from near the coast, north-west of Kinabalu :—
“The country inland is much broken up by sandstone hills of low elevation, generally
bare of trees, and in this month (February) parched and brown, covered with one of the
tropical curses, lalang grass. At the back of these lalang-covered hills are others topped
with forest, sometimes sharp-peaked and rugged; atthe back of all, towering above every-
thing, is that superbly grand mountain Kinabalu. This wonderful mountain looks
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. M
78 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
more imposing than many mountains of a much greater altitude, from the fact that it is
an almost isolated mass, at the highest end mounting up to the height of 13,698 feet
(Belcher) and finishing off abruptly in sheer precipices of 10,000 feet ; its proximity to
the sea-coast, being less than forty miles in a direct line, allows of it being viewed at once
from the lowest level, none of its imposing grandeur being lost by a series of intervening
plateaus which dwarf so many mountains.”
The following passage is taken from page 104, and refers to the view obtained from
Melangkap, a village north-west of Kinabalu and close to it :—
“At a glance one could see that the mountain on this side was a sheer precipice and
quite inaccessible, the water falling thousands of feet without touching the rock. ...
Between the main buttress (the summit) and the long jagged ridge (the northern spur) is
a huge gorge surrounded on three sides by sheer precipices of bare rock, the entrance to
this gorge being from the western side, facing Melangkap. At the most southern
extremity the mountain suddenly terminates at its greatest altitude by precipices
of rock. The top along the whole distance is bare of vegetation and very rough; here
and there great scars, formed by rock-slips, may be noticed. Though Kinabalu is only a
few miles distant, the intervening country is a mass of forest-clad ridges, which look from
here very steep, and through which the Pantaran (a tributary of the Tampassuk) and
other streams have cut, in the course of ages, deep channels.... The village of
Melangkap is situated at the end of a huge spur which runs round in a slight curve
almost to the base of the great buttress of Kinabalu. At the Melangkap end the
altitude is over 1000 feet, but this spur gradually rises on nearing the mountain to over
5000 feet. It is covered with a dense forest-growth and branches off in several directions,
the Pantaran flowing along its base, the head-waters of this river falling from the top of
the buttress itself. On looking to your left, when facing the mountain (from the village
of Melangkap), another lofty spur sweeps round from the other end of the mountain.
This spur is more broken up and about 4000 feet in altitude.... Directly in front of
Melangkap, and between the two mentioned ridges, the My is a mass of huge spurs,
mounting up, as Kinabalu is neared, to 5000-6000 feet.’
I may add that the first of the two spurs mentioned parts from the granite cap very
near Maripari, a locality spoken of by Dr. Haviland in his account. This will help the
reader to join Whitehead’s with Haviland’s description, which refers tothe south-western
spurs and to the southern main range.
METEOROLOGY.
The ‘ Handbook of British North Borneo’ contains very valuable information on the
meteorological conditions of British North Borneo, derived mainly from observations at
Sandarakan and other places on the coast. We may assume that the same conditions
prevail also on the coast west and north-west of Kinabalu and for some distance inland.
But they undergo a considerable change as we approach the very foot of the ia.
and still more as weascendit. There is, according to the * Handbook,’ a ** true wet season,”
ho extending over the months November, December, and January, and often also parts of
= and February, and a “true dry season,” following almost immediately and
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 79
lasting to May, whilst the rest of the year divides between what is called a “ moderate
wet" and a * moderate dry season.” The “true dry season” seems, however, to set in
rather earlier, at the end of January or early in February, on the coast near Kinabalu;
and February has the reputation of being the driest month even on Kinabalu itself.
Yet, whilst the two main seasons are well marked on the coast and drought of considerable
duration (as much as 22 days) is known during the dry season, when the open country
occasionally assumes a parched appearance, the climate is very equable all the year round
on Kinabalu. Even the driest month is here still very wet, and days on which no rain
falls are very rare. Thus extreme humidity and equability are the most prominent features
of the climate of Kinabalu. The daily periodicity of the hydrometeors (i. e. hydrometeoric
phenomena) which is so characteristic for the high mountains of Java, and, in fact, more or
less for all the high mountains within the Tropics, is very pronounced on Kinabalu. The
nights and the mornings are generally clear, with the exception of the bottoms of the deep
valleys, where mist collects in the early hours. At 9 or 10 o’clock clouds form on the
mountain, which by midday obscure it entirely down to 5000 or 6000 feet. Then rain
—sometimes also hail or sleet—falls almost incessantly till late in the evening, when the
air clears again. There is, however, a remarkable difference in the extent of the belt of
clouds or mist. In Java the clouds form generally between 5000 or 6000 and 8000 feet,
leaving the summit more or less free and comparatively dry. This is not the case on
Kinabalu, where this belt reaches up to between 10,000 and 11,000 feet, and where also
the highest part of the mountain seems to receive an enormous amount of rain, the waters
of which partly fall in cascades from the top ridge and partly rush as a foaming, roaring
torrent past the Pakapaka cave (at an elevation of almost 10,500 feet). The annual
amount of rainfall on the coast ranges from 100 to 157 inches, or from that of Singapore
to not quite that of Buitenzorg; but on Kinabalu itself it must b» enormously increased.
The monthly maxima of temperature on the coast range from 80°88 F. in February
1885 to 92°65 in April of the same year, and the monthly m inima from 71°46 in
December 1883 to 780 in April of the same year.
Spencer St. John, who was twice on Kinabalu, in May and in July 1858, found that
the thermometer at Kiau, on the south-west foot (at 3000 feet), never marked above 77°
during the day, and varied from 66° to 69° during the night. On the Maripari spur at
4700 feet, it marked in July 76° (mean) at midday, 60° at 6 A.M., and 56° (mean) at 6 P.M.
At the Pakapaka cave (10,450 feet) he found the temperature ranging from 36”5 to 43°
during three nights in May and 41”125 (mean) at night in July. On the summit at
1 P.M., exposed to mist and rain, the thermometer marked 52. Whitehead made daily
observations at Temburungo, on the southern main range (7750 feet), from the 1st of
February to the 3rd of March. He found the temperature very uniform, the nights
varying between 42 and 52°, the days between 60° and 70. There are various other. .
readings of the thermometer made occasionally by travellers, and in different months, all
of which come within the range indicated by the figures quoted. WhenSt. John observed
the thermometer fall to 36° all bushes and trees were “fringed with hoarfrost.” This
makes it probable that even frosts occur occasionally on the top of the mountain; snow,
however, has never been seen on Kinabalu.
M 2
80 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Another peculiarity of the climate is the small amount of insolation which the slopes
and the bottoms of the valleys and even the ridges receive. After three hours’ sunshine
they get only dispersed light, and not very much of that, as a very great part of the light
must be absorbed by the thick belt of mist hovering above or resting upon them. This
state of things is naturally intensified on the western, north-western, and south-western
sides of the mountain, where the sun rises too late over the huge granite mass to
shine long on the deep and narrow valleys, and some of the hillsides exposed to the
north certainly never receive even an hour’s sunshine.
II. GENERAL CHARACTER OF THE VEGETATION.
A. ZONES OF ALTITUDE AND BOTANICAL FORMATIONS.
Relying on the reports of the travellers, and the dried material before me, I distinguish
roughly the following zones of altitude on Kinabalu :—
1. The zone of the plains and low hills, or briefly the hill zone, from the litoral zone
which skirts the coast as a belt of varying breadth up to 3000 feet.
2. The lower mountain zone, from 3000 to 6000 feet.
3. The upper mountain zone, from 6000 to 10,500 feet.
4. The summit zone, from 10,500 feet to the very summit (13,698 feet).
l. The Hill Zone (up to 3000 feet).
I have taken up in the present paper only the flora of that part of the hill zone
which forms the very foot of Kinabalu, beginning at the village of Koung, at an
altitude of 1600 feet, with the exception of a few plants from the Ulu (upper) Tawaran.
This is the inhabited part of Kinabalu, almost entirely occupied by cultivated land
and secondary forest (* young jungle") which springs up rapidly from the clearings as
soon as they are abandoned. "Towards the coast, part of the plains and hillsides are
covered with lalang-lalang, but this does not reach the foot of the mountain. The
primary forest (“old jungle") is hardly at all represented within the limits of this zone.
The secondary forest is, like the primary forest, essentially evergreen, and has, of course,
all the characteristics of a true tropical forest.
The descriptions contained in the travellers’ reports do not attempt any philosophical
classification of the vegetation from a physiognomical and biological standpoint, and
they are too vague and incomplete to allow the reader to form more than a very general
idea of the differentiation of the vegetation, nor can the dried material and the notes
attached fill this gap. I must limit myself therefore—here and later on—to a few
remarks concerning those principal formations which I find distinetly recognizable.
These are, in the hill zone:—
a. The Secondary Evergreen Tropical Forest |“ Young Jungle ”].—I find 40
phanerogams and 7 vascular eryptogams referable to this formation. "Three of the pha-
nerogams are trees, 21 shrubs, 7 climbers, and 8 herbs. Not one of these is mentioned
&- anywhere as particularly striking or forming a prominent feature in the physiognomy
of this forest, if we except two species of Bauhinia and perhaps Mussenda coccinea, which
attract the traveller's attention by their extremely showy flowers, and a few large ferns.
Xe there must be here, as anywhere else, a number of species which are more pro-
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 81
minent or more numerous in individuals than others, thereby becoming leading features
and giving the forest a specific physiognomical and biological character which varies
according to its composition. In fact, travellers mention certain plants and certain
types of vegetation, as climbers, epiphytes, palms, &c., as especially characteristic, and,
moreover, I am told that the natives know very well how to distinguish not only young
and old jungle, but also the various types of both. But collectors do not seem to
have made an attempt to gather specimens methodically of these more prominent
and commoner types in order to ascertain what is their systematic position. This
may be largely due to the difficulty of getting such specimens and to want of time ;
but also to the prevalent illusion that the commoner forms to which the eye soon gets
used are less desirable in collections, and that the discovery of new species is the sole
aim of the explorer. Yet what could be more important in exploring a new country
—from a scientific as well as from a practical standpoint—than to grasp, above all,
the broad salient features, and to exhibit them in descriptions and in authentic
specimens ? I here mention this, not in order to cast any blame on the explorers of
Kinabalu, but because I have very often felt, in studying parts of the Malayan flora,
how useful and desirable it would be if travellers and collectors would pay more
attention to this most important branch of phytogeography—1 should call it descriptive
phytogeography—which found so skilful an interpreter for the flora of Java in
Junghuhn, many years ago.
To return to the ** young jungle” formation of the hill zone, I may mention plants not
represented in the collection, such as various palms referred to the genera Areca, Pinanga,
Calamus by Burbidge, and a species of Korthalsia which I recognized from one of
Burbidge’s sketches. Bamboos play also a prominent part in this forest, and they are
said to rise in immense feathery clumps to 50 or 60 feet on the river between Koung
and Kiau, and to skirt the torrents and streamlets of the higher valleys with luxuriant
growth. How far the two species of Bambusez, represented in the collection, share
in forming these clumps and belts I do not know. In clearing the land the “ old jungle”
is never so completely destroyed as not to leave now and then solitary trees or groups of
trees, and even larger plots of the original vegetation, and it seems that the presence of
tree-ferns on the hillsides near Koung and elsewhere must especially be traced back to
such an origin.
As tothe systematic character of this vegetation, so far as it is represented in the
collections, see the table on p. 119.
b. Cultivated Land.—The cultivated land is limited to the regions below 3000 feet. It
consists of clearings made in the jungle by felling and subsequently burning the wood.
The most important crops are kaladi or kladi (Caladium esculentum) and rice; then
follow sweet-potatoes, yams, bananas, tobacco, gourds, melons, cucumbers, chillies—4. e.
several varieties of Capsicum fruticosum and Capsicum annuum, Piper Betle, &c. Of
palms, the Sago and Cocoa palm, species of Areca, and Oncospermum filamentosum are
now and then seen near the houses of the natives, and occasionally also orange- and lime-
trees and a kind of Artocarpus. There are a few weeds, gathered in the kladi-fields or
round the houses, in the collections ; they are the commonest Malayan species, and no
particular interest attaches to them.
82 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
2. The Lower Mountain Zone (3000 to 6000 feet).
This zone is equivalent to Junghuhn's * Zweite Gewáchszone ” (second botanical zone)
or “Gemássigte Region" (temperate region), which he, however, limits to from 2000 to
4500 feet. |
According to St. John, a “ fine jungle” occupies the slopes from 3000 to 6000 feet on
the “ main spur ” (the southern main range), whilst it is partly replaced by an exceedingly
stunted vegetation as far down as 4500 feet on the Maripari spur, probably, as he
suggests, on account of the nature of the soil, * being formed of decomposed serpentine,
containing much peroxide of iron”; but above that there is again fairly-sized forest
even in exposed situations. A similar forest occupies, it would seem from Whitehead’s
book, also the north-western spur on the Pantaran. We may infer that this forest
is occasionally interrupted by other formations or more or less modified: for instance,
along the torrents and streamlets, on exposed ridges, or in connection with the varying
character of the soiland the exposures and inclination of the slopes. That this is the
case may also be understood from occasional remarks in the reports of travellers.
These reports are, however, too incomplete to allow me to give more than a very
general description of the principal formation, which no doubt predominates almost
exclusively, and a few notes on another formation of very limited extent, but very
pronounced character. These formations are :—
a. Primary Evergreen Forest [“Old Jungle," “Schattenreiche Hochwaldung”
(umbrageous high-forest) of Junghuhn].—1 refer to this formation about 145 phanero-
gams, 17 vascular cryptogams, 17 mosses and liverworts. Most of them were collected
on the path from the Kadamaian above Kiau to the ridge of the main range, either
along the river or on the slope of the main range facing west or north-west. The
rest were gathered in the valleys of the Penokok, Haiahaia, Dahombang, and Kinitaki,
and chiefly from the sides of the torrents, or on the Maripari spur, which was
ascended from the south-west. There is no doubt that the border vegetation is
comparatively better represented than that of the interior of the forest, which is
generally very difficult to penetrate. This primary forest is described as abounding
in fine tall trees, creepers and epiphytes, commonly also in undershrubs, and the
ground as carpeted with ferns and mosses, which increase in quantity and luxuriance
with the elevation, enveloping trunks and boughs. Herbs intermingle with shrubs, and
are associated with ferns and mosses. Fifteen species are designated trees by collectors,
but 11 of them expressly “small trees.” Of the remaining four, Mitrephora Maingayi,
Sterculia translucens, and Dysoxylon cauliflorum may be mentioned. A few slender,
- graceful palms (Areca?) are also met with throughout this zone, but there are no
da specimens in the Herbarium. The shrubs are represented by 63 species, but 30 of them are
indicated only from the upper limit of the zone (5500-6000 feet), and some of these reach
a much higher level, being? probably true ridge-plants which occasionally descend lower.
. Twelve shrubs are Rubiacee, 8 Hricacee (including Facciniee), 7 Myrsinacee, 6 Melasto-
macee, 4 Euphorbiacee, 3 Myrtacee, 3 Anonacee, and 3 Styracee. It must, however, be
| | noted that the majority of Hricacee, Melastomacee, and Styracee, and the 3 Myrtacee
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 83
were not collected below 5500 feet. This sequence is not materially altered if we add
the few woody climbers which are in the collection: 2 Melastomaceo, Streblosa urticina,
Melodorum kinabaluense, Aischynanthus magnifica, and Smilax heterophylla, the last
two from above 5500 feet. Rattans are also repeatedly mentioned as very frequent,
though no specimen has been collected. Nepenthes Rajah and Nepenthes Edwardsiana
are common on the Maripari spur, whilst they do not seem to descend into the lower
mountain zone on the main range, owing to their greater need of light, which confines
them more or less to the ridge, which is below 6000 feet on the Maripari spur, but above
6000 on the main range. Bamboos are another characteristic feature, growing in thick
clumps beneath the trees, as on the main range, or skirting open places on the Maripari
spur, or rambling and creeping and ** smothering everything,” as on the Pantaran spur ;
but none of these bamboos have been collected. Of the herbaceous plants about 55
species may be referred to this formation, amongst them a dozen orchids, many of
these herbs growing chiefly along the torrents, as Begonia and Impatiens, and only a few
being restricted to the upper limit. Twelve are Orchidee, 10 Melastomacee,7 Urticacee,
5 Rubiacee, 5 Begoniacee, and 4 Gesneracee. Amongst the rest Viola serpens, Impatiens
platyphylla, and Phlomis rugosa may be specially mentioned. The type of epiphytes is
represented by Rhododendrons, which, like other Ericacew, have a particular tendency to
assume this mode of life, and by numerous orchids, ferns, and mosses; but I have no
means of defining them more precisely. The ferns from this zone number 16, of which
9 are limited to the uppermost part, mostly extending into the next upper zone. This is
particularly the case with Hymenophyllum dilatatum and 5 species of Trichomanes,
plants dependent on excessive moisture, and Gleichenia circinata. The 17 mosses and
liverworts from this zone were all collected at or above 5000 feet, except a Campylopus,
which ranges from 3200 to 9000 feet.
A rather different kind of primary forest is mentioned by Whitehead from high above
the village of Kapar; it was distinguished by the absence of thick undergrowth, caused,
as he says, by the shade of the high trees.
b. Bogs.—The presence of boggy places on the Maripari spur is indicated by a a small
number of» plants which, in a similar association, are found on the boggy spot called
Temburungo, on the main range, but at a much higher elevation. They are Drosera
spathulata, Utricularia orbiculata, Patersonia Lowii, Aletris foliolosa, Eriocaulon
Hookerianum, and three sedges—Cladium borneense, C. samoense, and Schenus melano-
stachyus.
3. Upper Mountain Zone (6000 to 10,500 feet).
This zone corresponds roughly with Junghuhn’s ** Vierte Gewáchszone” (fourth
botanical zone) or “ Kalte Region ” (cold region). When defining the lower mountain
zone I pointed out that some of the most characteristic elements of that zone are limited
to the uppermost part, from 5500-6000 feet, and that not a few of them extend above
6000 feet. This, taken in itself, would suggest hardly more than the presence of a belt
of transition where the elements of the conterminate zones mingle. I have, however,
84 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
reason to believe that we shall in future be able, with a better knowledge of the
mountain and its vegetation, to distinguish an intermediate zone analogous to Junghuhn's
third zone or cool region. This zone will probably comprise the uppermost part of my
second zone (upward from 5500 feet) and the dense and high, hitherto entirely unexplored,
forest which occupies the broad and deep depression from which the cataract of the
Kadamaian falls (see p. 74) and the surrounding slopes upward to near the ridges. It
would ascend in the sheltered parts of the valley probably to 9000 feet, but leave out
the ridges from about 7000 or 6000 feet or still lower down. If this should actually be
the case, the name “ upper mountain zone” would more appropriately be applied to this
hypothetical zone, whilst the ridges would form a zone by themselves of considerable
longitudinal extent, but very narrow when measured across, for this ridge-vegetation
is less determined by the decrease of temperature than by the amount of light and the
exposure to wind.
The difficulties of cutting a path through the primeval forest hitherto compelled all
travellers who visited Kinabalu to keep to the very ridge, between 7000 and 10,500 feet,
whence our knowledge of the vegetation of my third zone is almost exclusively limited
to that of the ridge of the main range. Hence also the want of joncieion in the definition
of what I call the lower and upper mountain zones.
Dr. Haviland (see p. 74) mentions a “sub-summit” vegetation forming a narrow
belt of more than 100 feet high, immediately below the proper ridge. He describes it
as very different from the * common jungle " below as well as from the ridge-vegetation.
It evidently constitutes a very marked formation; but in the absence of a sufficient
representation of this “sub-summit vegetation ” in the collection I must refrain from
discussing it, and limit myself to the ridge-vegetation, which is represented very well
indeed in the collection, namely by about 110 phanerogams, 24 vascular cryptogams,
and 3 mosses. There are two formations distinetly recognizable, Primary Evergreen
Dwarf Forest and Bogs.
a. Primary Evergreen Dwarf Forest [Dwarf “ Old Jungle ”].—It practically occupies
the whole ridge so far as it is known, with the exception of a few open places. This forest
consists of small trees and tall shrubs ranging from 10-20 feet, and varying in denseness
from almost impenetrable thickets to open spots. The trees are stunted, twisted, and
weather-beaten, often being bent across the path. The trunks and branches are clothed
inches deep with dripping moss and festooned with long beard-like lichens. Only conifers
grow into fine trees here in some more favourable places. The tendency of some of the
trees and shrubs to grow gregariously is distinctly noticeable. The foliage of these trees
- and shrubs is often crowded on short and thick branches; the leaves, sessile or supported
by short and stout petioles, are very coriaceous, of a dark green colour, glabrous—at
. least above—and glossy. They show a marked’ tendency towards oval and round
. forms, particularly near the base, and the generally entire margins are not seldom
. Eleven species are designated trees, but, as already mentioned, only a few conifers
attain under existing conditions a considerable height, namely Podocarpus cupressina,
the scale-leaved form of which has been mistaken by some travellers for Casuarina,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 85
and Dacrydium elatum, both very common. Myrtus flavida and Rhododendron cunei-
Jolium assume a yew-like appearance, whilst groups of Rhododendron ericoides exhibit
the Erica type, and numerous dwarf oaks (Quercus Havilandii) are representative of a
closely-allied form (Q. pruinosa var. alpina, Jungh.), found under similar conditions on
the high mountains of Java. The shrubs blossom nearly the whole year, and many of
them very freely. Not less than 9 species of Rhododendron adorn this ridge with their
brilliant flowers collected in dense clusters or scattered among the dark foliage. They,
in addition to 5 species of Vaccinium and 7 species of Diplycosia, render the order of
Ericacee (incl. Vacciniee) the most conspicuous and numerous of the phanerogamic
vegetation of this zone. Some of them become occasionally epiphytal here as elsewhere.
Then follow Rubiacee with 10 species, two of which are climbers, whilst one (Psychotria
densifolia) was found epiphytal on trees. Few Rubiacee, however, reach 8000 feet, and
only one (Hedyotis macrostegia) goes beyond 9000 feet. Myrtacee number 6 species,
amongst which Leptospermum recurvum is most conspicuous, covered all over with
innumerable white flowers like snow. Myrsinee are represented by 5 species, among
them being the dwarf Embelia minutifolia and the widely-spread Myrsine capitata.
Ternstremiacee and Rosacee number 4 species. Among the former Schima brevifolia
represents the Camellia type, whilst 3 of the 4 Rosacee are species of Rubus, and
Stranvesia integrifolia replaces Photinia integrifolia, which is found in Java under
similar conditions. Urticacee are represented by three shrubby figs, all below 9000 feet,
and Cupulifere by 1 Quercus and 2 Castanopsis, the latter also limited to the lower part
of the zone. Styracee number also 3 species (Symplocos). Among the remainder I
may mention particularly Eleocarpus sericea, a representative of the Javan Acronodia
punctata, Blume; Rhus borneensis, a very singular member of the section Venenate ;
the large-flowered Polyosma Hookeri; an endemic species of Leucopogon; 2 Laurinee ;
and 2 species of Loranthus having large flower-heads and living chiefly on Rhodo-
dendrons. Among the climbers may be especially mentioned Smilax levis and a
very common Calamus, the latter upward to 9000 feet. The Pitcher-plants, however,
are by far the most peculiar feature, though most of them are only locally frequent.
There are not less than 5 species found on this ridge, some climbing in the trees, as
Nepenthes Lowi, others rambling in the shrubs or straggling over the ground.
The herbaceous vegetation, so far as it forms a distinct part of the forest, is repre-
sented by 15 species, a remarkably small number, of which 8 are Orchidee, 3 Gesneracee,
and one a common Malayan grass. To these 2 or 3 herbs might be added, which
though distinctly foreign, namely Austral-Antarctic types, seem to be more or less
intimately associated with this formation. They are Nertera depressa, Euphrasia
borneensis, and Trachymene saniculefolia. Balanophora elongata, a common parasite
living upon the roots of Hricacee, is here as frequent as it is in Junghuhn's fourth
zone or “ cold region.” | /
The fern vegetation attains here its most luxuriant development, and, as it seems, the
greatest variety, being represented in the collection by not less than 21 species. Two
are tree-ferns, and one, Cyathea Havilandii, was found at 10,500 feet. The delicate
Trichomanes and a species of Hymenophyllum are limited to the lowest part, whilst the
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. N
86 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
more robust species of Polypodium were chiefly collected at the upper limit. Lycopodia
become more frequent, and the wiry trailing stems and branches of L. casuarinoides
—according to Dr. Haviland—often cut the hands of the traveller who tries to penetrate
the thickets.
The epiphytic vegetation is certainly very luxuriant also here; but besides the shrubs
already mentioned as growing occasionally epiphytic on trees only three orchids are
expressly designated epiphytes, and ferns, mosses, and lichens in a very general way.
In comparing this description of the ridge forest on Kinabalu with Junghuhn’s
description of the primeval forest of the “cold region ” of the high mountains of Java,
the reader will note several facts which are the more significant as the number of species
taken into consideration by Junghuhn and by me is about the same (112 species from
Kinabalu against 90 to 100 by Junghuhn). The first thing which impresses itself upon
the reader is the evidently great general physiognomical resemblance—see, for instance,
pp. 427, 428, and 449 of Junghuhn’s ‘Java, seine Gestalt, Pflanzendecke, und innere
Bauart,’ vol. i. (2nd edition); the next, that the species and even the genera are mostly
not the same, but mutually representative. On the other hand, the presence of rattans
up to 9000 feet; of so many Rhododendrons, also above 7500 feet; of Podocarpus
cupressina, one of the most characteristic elements of Junghuhn’s third zone, upward to
11,000 feet; the prevalence of ferns, the absence of subarboreous Composite ( Anten-
naria), and the scantiness of the herbaceous vegetation—if we may rely on the collectors
in this point—constitute differences worthy of consideration.
b. Bogs.—These are confined to a few very limited places, where, on account of
particular conditions of the soil, water collects and trees and shrubs cannot get a footing.
The vegetation is materially the same as in similar places on the Maripari spur (see
p. 83), but a dwarf Gentiana and Trachymene saniculefolia, an Australian type, are
very remarkable additions.
4. Summit Zone (10,500-13,698 feet).
There is no exact equivalent amongst Junghuhn’s zones, as the nature of the top
portion of Kinabalu and of the summits of the Javan volcanos is so entirely different ;
but the few analogies which we may expect lie with certain parts of Junghuhn's
fourth zone.
Beyond the Pakapaka cave (10,450 feet) the forest dwarfs down to a mere shrubbery,
continuing along the ridge towards the eastern end of the granite cap, but otherwise
broken up in scattered patches, ascending to 12,000 feet in the narrow and steep gully
which bears Sir Hugh Low's name and affords the only means of reaching the
summit. Above that shrubs were found only in two hollows. On a flatter area, where
. many little streams from the granite cap collect and unite before beginning the rapid
descent past Pakapaka, boggy patches with buttercups, potentillas, and gentians are
scattered between patches of shrubs and patches of rocks, whilst the remainder of the
scanty vegetation clings to the rocks, satisfied with the little soil collecting in crevices
and holes. By far the greatest part of this zone, however, is occupied by bare rock.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 87
Dr. Haviland took particular care to collect specimens of as many species as he could
find here, and we may therefore consider this flora fairly completely represented in the
collection. It comprises 52 Phanerogams, 4 Vascular Cryptogams (species of Lyco-
podium), and 5 Mosses, and they are distributed over three formations, namely, evergreen
dwarf bush, bog, and the vegetation of the rocks.
a. Evergreen Dwarf Bush.—This formation, consisting of a narrow strip extending along
the uppermost part of the main range, and of smaller or larger isolated patches, partakes
of the character of the dwarf forest into which it passes gradually below 11,000 feet in
many ways, being primarily the product of the extreme development of those conditions
which influence the ridge-vegetation so effectively and of the scantiness of the soil which
the denuded granite—nowhere very favourable to plant-life—affords. The shortening
of the axial portions and the consequent crowding of the foliage are carried to an
extreme. The general character of the leaves is the same as in the forest immediately
below ; but the size is mostly much reduced, and the colour still more intense, imbuing
the dark green of the vegetation with a brownish tint. The number of species repre-
sented in tbis bush is still very great if we consider the limited area and the high
elevation. The shrubs number 26 species, of which 5 are restricted to the very lowest
part, and another 5 were not collected above 11,500 feet, whilst still 8 species were
found above Low's gully, at 13,000 feet. The list of shrubs is headed also here by
Ericacee with 5 species, then follow Myrsinee with 3 species; but they do not extend
above Low's Gully, nor do the 2 conifers of this zone, namely, Phyllocladus hypophyllus
and Podocarpus nervifolia, var. brevifolia. The other orders, each of 2 shrubby
species, are Ternstremiacee, Rosacee, Myrtaceae, and Rubiacee. The 8 species
gathered above Low’s Gully, at 13,000 feet, are Rubus Lowii (in a dwarf form, only a
few inches high), Leptospermum recurvum, and Leucopogon suaveolens, all known also
from the third zone; then Kurya reticulata, a shrub characteristic also of the highest
regions of Sumatra and Java, and Stranvesia integrifolia, both descending below
12,000 feet, and Symplocos buxifolia, Coprosma Hookeri, and Drapetes ericoides from
12,000 to 13,000 feet. Drapetes ericoides forms low and very compact tufts,—hardly
deserving the designation of shrubs—of a very peculiar habit which is not represented
otherwise in the flora of Kinabalu, and it is altogether a foreign element. It grows in
the crevices of rocks, and might be perhaps better included with the rock-vegetation.
There does not seem to be much herbaceous vegetation immediately associated with the
bush, as nearly all the herbs from this zone are expressly stated to grow either in open
boggy places or on the rocks. The few exceptions are Eria grandis, very common from
10,000 to 12,000 feet on the ground and in the shade of the bush, Bulbophyllum montense,
an epiphyte, Balanophora elongata, and perhaps some of the sedges.
The fern-vegetation is entirely replaced by Lycopodia, which, associated with mosses,
cover the ground, particularly along the edges of the bush.
b. Bogs.—Places exhibiting a more or less boggy character seem to be more frequent
here than in the lower zones, particularly in the flatter portion, immediately at the
foot of the granite slope; yet they nowhere cover a considerable area. The flora
of these bogs consists of not a dozen phanerogams, of little interest so far as their
N2
88 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
biological characters are concerned, but very important on account of their geographical
relations. On these I shall dwell later on. It will be sufficient to mention here the
generic names in order to give an idea of the composition of this peculiar vegetation.
They are Ranunculus, Potentilla, Haloragis, Gentiana, Havilandia, a new genus of
Boraginesz allied to Trigonotis and Myosotis, probably also Trachymene and Euphrasia,
Aletris, and a few sedges.
c. Vegetation of the Rocks.—There is probably little justification to speak of the
vegetation of the rocks as truly distinet from that of the bogs, as the conditions of
plant-life afforded by the small accumulations of soil in crevices cannot—in this
particular case—materially differ from those of the bogs. The few plants which I
have to enumerate here are a variety of Potentilla leuconota, Haloragis micrantha,
Trachymene saniculefolia, in a very stunted form, Pilea Johniana, Platyelinis stachyoides,
Scheenus apogon, and two grasses limited to the very top, namely, varieties of Deschampsia
flexuosa and of Agrostis canina.
B. On somE BIOLOGICAL FEATURES.
Under this heading I wish to deal briefly with some of the more obvious biological
characters of the vegetation, so far as they may be ascertained from the dry material
. and the notes of collectors.
1. Foliage of the Forest Vegetation.—The woody vegetation is almost exclusively
evergreen, and I doubt whether there are more than a few shrubs or trees in the Kinabalu
collections having periodically deciduous foliage, though I find about 25 species dis-
tinguished by thin membranaceous leaves and about as many by leaves which, although
much firmer, still might be called membranaceous or papyraceous. It is very remarkable
that the species having thin membranaceous leaves are, perhaps with a single exception,
limited to the lower mountain zone, and there chiefly to the part below 4000 feet. The
other class, to which species of Sawrauja, Urophyllum, Lasianthus, Melastoma, &c.
belong, are more equally distributed. In any case the woody plants having truly coria-
ceous leaves amount in all the zones taken together to almost 80 per cent., and to more
than 80 per cent. above 6000 feet. These coriaceous leaves (see also p. 84) are generally
glabrous, and where there is an indumentum in a young state it quickly disappears from
the upper side, at least after the unfolding of the lamina, usually leaving a glossy
surface of a deep green. The lower side is oftener clothed with a distinct indu-
mentum, which is either softly tomentose or silky, or consists of stiff spreading hairs. A
tomentose covering occurs, for instance, in Polyosma bracteolata, Geunsia farinosa, and
in Quercus Havilandii, plants of widely different systematic affinities, habit, and
habitat. Eleocarpus sericea, Rubus lineatus, and Urophyllum lineatum have silky
leaves, the latter chiefly along the nerves which are unprotected in the bud. The
leaves of five of the Myrtacee also are silky, though only so in a very early stage and on
the middle nerve alone, evidently a protective contrivance. A strigillose indumentum is
very distinct in the young state of Melastoma, Marumia, Dissocheta, and Saurauja, yet it
deus gradually when the leaves are fully grown, whilst it is persistent, for instance,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 89
in Diplycosia chrysothrir and D. rufa. These coarse, often bristly and short hairs are
here, as in other cases, much more prominent on the young branches, where they usually
persist, after the leaves have become glabrous, on one or on both sides,
Another very characteristic feature is the almost perfect absence of deeply divided
or compound leaves. Excepting Rubus—Dysorylon cauliflorum, Evodia tenuistyla,
Guioa pleuropteris, Pithecolobium bigeminum, and Arthrophyllum diversifolium are
the only species having compound leaves. This tendency to simple leaves becomes
particularly prominent in the single-leaved Rhus borneensis, which is very nearly allied to
Rhus succedanea, a species having 2-8 pairs of leaflets.
2. Flowers.—The comparative scarcity of showy flowers even in the most luxuriant
parts of the Tropics has repeatedly been alluded to by travellers. It finds an emphatic
expression in the Kinabalu collections, although we must not forget that the tree-
vegetation, the tall climbers, and the epiphytes of the two lower zones are very incom-
pletely represented in the collection, mainly on account of the difficulty of gathering
specimens from them, whilst they are all within easy reach above, where the vegetation
assumes a stunted character. On the other hand, we may expect that plants having
relatively conspicuous flowers are more likely to be collected than those which are less
attractive. This has been the case in the hill zone in quite a prominent degree. With
reference to those species which have either very large and gaily-coloured flowers (e. g.
Melastoma, Rhododendron), or where smaller flowers are gathered in large and conspicuous
inflorescences (e.g. Jvora, Mussenda), or where they are scattered in abundance over
the surface (e. g. Leptospermum recurvum), if we indicate them as Class T., those having
very small and inconspicuous flowers (e. g. Microtropis, Vitis, Euphorbiacee, Urticacee)
as Class TIT., and the remainder as Class II., and if we exclude grasses and sedges, we
arrive at the following result :—
; Class I. Class IT. Class III.
A issisoi 22 per cent. 58 per cent. 20 per cent.
Lower Mountain zone. 8 62 30
Upper Mountain zone. 12 54 34
Summit zone............ 12 52 36
The figures derived for the hill zone are of little importance, as this zone is very
poorly represented in the collection, and the endeavour of collectors to gather just
a few of the most conspicuous plants, as Bauhinia or Mussenda, is quite manifest. As
to the lower mountain zone the reader will remember that the Rhododendrons which
are foremost among Class I., become prominent only near the upper limit, and the same
applies to three or four other plants ranging in Class I., thus leaving very few really
showy plants in the lower and middle part of the second zone. If we further take into
consideration that none of the more conspicuously flowering plants of this zone grow -
gregariously, and that the herbs having gaily-coloured flowers (e. y. Melastomaceze,
Impatiens) are scattered amongst ferns and moss and beneath shrubs, we must admit
that the observations made by travellers as to the want of showiness in tropical vegetation
are wholly borne out by the data derived from the collections from Kinabalu so far as the
90 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
lower mountain zone is concerned. The case lies, however, differently with the ridge-
and the summit-vegetation. The relative number of species with very showy flowers is
here about twice as large as in the greater part of the lower zone, and the effect must be
the more striking where the number of individuals increases at the same time, and above
all on account of the stunted growth of the forest, the flower-treasures of which are placed
immediately before the traveller's eyes. The proportion of the three classes is the same
in the summit zone as in the ridge flora, but the vegetation is altogether too scanty to
be impressive, and particularly the herbaceous vegetation of the bogs and rocks is far
from displaying that gaudy show of colours which we are used to associate in our mind
with the idea of a truly alpine flora.
White (or white tinged with yellow or pink) and red are the prevalent colours if we
exclude the flowers of Class III. More than 90 per cent. of the flowers of the lower
mountain zone of which the colour was ascertainable are either white or red, and the
proportion of these two colours is 2: 1 in this zone, whilst yellow and still more blue
or violet are very rare. The ridge and the summit vegetation has 75-80 per cent. white
or red flowers, the proportion of both colours being again 2 : 1, whilst the rest is yellow.
3. Fruits.—Fleshy fruits, mostly berries, are remarkably frequent. They amount to
35-40 per cent., whilst the percentage of plants with seeds, apparently adapted by their
smallness for dispersion by wind, is 25-28 per cent., whether we take the vegetation
above 3000 feet as a whole or zone by zone. A few plants, as Parameria, Hoya, and
Aischynanthus, possess seeds with long tufts of hairs constituting a sort of flying con-
trivance, and the pappus of some of the Composite acts in the same way. The latter,
however, are weeds, confined to the hill zone. Otherwise there is very little that is
remarkable in the fruits and seeds with regard to contrivances which might be con-
sidered to be means of dispersion. The large percentage of fleshy fruits and minute seeds
would seem to point in an eminent degree to the interference of animals and currents of
air in their distribution. But the fact that a fruit is fleshy and therefore; in our opinion,
attractive to certain birds is no proof that it is really devoured by them, and still less
that it is dispersed by them, particularly over a wide area. Observations on the spot,
examinations of the contents of the crop and the intestines of shot birds, collections of
fruits and seeds found in them, and experiments to ascertain whether the seeds retain
their germinating power after having passed the digestive organs of the animals, are the
only means, worthy of science, for elucidating the part which the presence of a “ fleshy ”
structure in fruits and seeds plays with regard to distribution. The rest is mere
conjecture. We possess already a few observations of this kind from the Malay
Archipelago, but they are too few to generalize from them. The distribution of some
of the berry-producing plants (as, for instance, Rubus rosefolius, Nertera depressa, or
: Dianella ensifolia) by birds, either in the present or in some more or less remote time, is
highly probable from the area over which these species range. Yet the fact that so
many of the endemic species possess fleshy fruits is extremely unfavourable to the
. assumption that the general object of this particular structure is to act, in the first place,
as a means of dispersion, especially over wider areas. It may, of course, occasionally be
. the case, and with particular effect within a very narrow area, or at a very slow rate and
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 91
in combination with other agencies. The same reluctance will be necessary in drawing
conclusions from the minuteness of seeds and fruits apparently adapted to the transport
by wind. Here, again, very many of the Kinabalu plants having such seeds or fruits are
endemic, or they live in sheltered, quiet places, where the action of wind must necessarily
be very limited.
IV. ENDEMISM.
To speak of the endemism of a district so little known and forming part of a likewise
imperfectly explored flora is a very difficult task, and 1 do it only under a certain
reservation. Better material, and particularly more experience concerning the variability
of the plants, will no doubt enable us in future to reduce some of the endemic forms to
already described species of a wider range, and others may be found in other parts of
Borneo or of the Archipelago. I have, however, reason to believe that the number of
endemic species from the three upper zones will not be very considerably lessened,
especially if we take the highland of Kinabalu, not exactly Kinabalu proper, as basis.
I have, for instance, lately worked up the whole Kew material of Thalamiflorze of North
Borneo, from the west frontier of Sarawak to the east coast of British North Borneo,
and besides gone through Dr. Haviland’s more recent and very ample collections from
Sarawak, without coming across more than one of the species which I had originally
taken to be endemic on Kinabalu. Thus the fact that the flora of Kinabalu is extremely
rich in endemic species may be considered as well established.
The endemic Phanerogams number 199 out of 342, or 58 per cent., but their distribution
over the four zones is as follows :—
ZO... L II. II. IV.
Number and a | 8 (19 per cent.) 89 (57 percent.) 74 (65 percent.) 30 (59 per cent.)
of endemic species.
Among the 8 endemic species of the hill zone are three or four species which some
botanists, holding a wider view with regard to the limitation of species (for instance in
the sense of Bentham in his * Flora Australiensis ”), would perhaps refer to already known
species of a wider range. This would reduce the percentage of endemic species within
the hill zone to not much more than 10 per cent., a comparatively very low figure.
Above 3000 feet the percentage of endemic species is very high. It is a little higher
in the ridge-vegeiation than below 6000 feet, but the difference is not very great. In
the summit zone it seems again to decrease. We must, however, distinguish here
between the bush and the vegetation of the open land (bogs and rocks), the proportional
share of endemic species in the bush being 2 in 3, but only lin 2 in the open land
vegetation. Thus it is manifest that the decrease of endemism in the summit zone
is solely due to the flora of the open land, which is about as rich in species as the bush, -
‘and contains more elements of a wide range, particularly amongst sedges and grasses.
The bush itself, however, exhibits the same extraordinary endemism which distinguishes
the forest of the main range.
92 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
If we arrange the more important orders represented above 3000 feet according to
their proportional share of endemism, we get the following sequence :—
Orders. Total. Endemic. Per cent,
o A 30 29 96°6
a uss nascar a 32 29 90°6
METRE iiss cles 9 8 88:8
OTHE Lese ovs. 13 11 847
a a EA 6 5 89:5
Orchidee uen sss 24 18 75:0
GEIMETACER, iilis. 7 5 71:4
Melastomacee ` ......... 2i 14 66:6
Ternsiremiacee ...... 6 4 66:6
NUES auus. 5 3 60°0
Nepenthaceo ............ 5 3 60:0
Myrna usus IT 9 53:0
Euphorbiacee............ 6 8 50-0
BINDER Lo EU 49 11 22:4
There are 17 phanerogamic genera with more than 3 species above 3000 feet; they
are arranged according to their proportional share of endemic species :—
Genera. Total. Endemic.
Urophyllum............... 5 5
Ph a Loin 4 4
P a is 4 4
Y OCON ccoo cc o 7 7 (2)
Elatostemma ............ 5 5
Diplycosia ............... E 11 10
Rhododendron............ 12 10
Ped gig ide 6 5
Bulbophyllum ............ 6 5
IMD A 5 4
Boutin oes ades 6 4
BONNE 6 Bi iver e io 5 3
Nepenthes 5 3
EI er ey ee 4 2
Arna uus es 7 3
PUDE S. Loo eie 5 1
UCM oie: 4 0
. Thus it appears that Diplycosia, Rhododendron, and Vaccinium have produced the
greatest number of species peculiar to Kinabalu; Ericacese are therefore the great
leading feature in the flora of Kinabalu.
_ The generic endemism is surprisingly small, being confined to the genera Havilandia,
. a Boraginea allied to Myosotis and Trigonotis, and Scyphostegia, a somewhat doubtful
Monimiacea and a perfectly isolated type. i
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 93
V, AFFINITIES.
I place four tables at the end of the general part of my paper, one for each zone,
showing the distribution of the species enumerated in the special part, with the excep-
tion of the commonest weeds of the hill zone, in order to facilitate the review of the
complex geographical relationships of the flora of Kinabalu. The reader will find some
explanatory notes on the areas and the signs used by me at the head of the tables. In
this place I wish only to mention that the areas as they are defined do not claim to be
exactly phytogeographical divisions, although I have tried to conform them to the
corresponding divisions as closely as I could without unduly multiplying them or
impairing the clearness of the tables. The great number of endemic species, many
of which are distinctly representative forms, led me to introduce the sign ~,
indicating that a species is represented by a more or less closely allied form in another
area. The same sign was further used in a few cases of non-endemic species, when they
were represented outside their undoubted area by so closely allied forms that their
specific autonomy seemed to me doubtful.
I purposely placed Borneo in the middle of the tables and grouped the other areas to
the right and left according to their position and distance east or west of Borneo. Thus
a glance at the tables reveals at once several very remarkable facts, such as the great
preponderance of the relations with the remainder of Malaya over those with Austro-
Malaya and the Philippines, the considerable number of species—identical or repre-
sentative—common to Kinabalu and the Himalaya region, and the comparatively large
share of what we might call Austral-Antarctic elements. Yet a mere comparison of the
arithmetical results derived from the tables would be greatly misleading in several
important points concerning the affinities and the history of the flora. In fact any
conclusions drawn from results obtained by tabulation must be subjected to a careful
scrutiny before they become valid. The total area of the species and of the natural
groups of which they are members, the grouping of the members of each group within
their common area and their phylogenetic relations, the conditions which influence their
spreading or their extermination, and the geological history of the corresponding part of
the surface of the earth, are the most prominent points to bé considered. I need not
point out how very little we know at present in regard to almost every one of these
questions. However, I have tried to ascertain as much as I could from the splendid
material at Kew and from literature, in a necessarily limited time, and I place the results
before the reader in full consciousness of their incompleteness. They agree in many
points with Hooker’s researches on the diffusion of Boreal types across the Archipelago
to Australia and of Australian and Antarctic types in the reverse direction, in his classical
Introductory Essay on the Flora of Tasmania, with the general outlines of the phyto-
geography of Malaya as laid down in Engler's ‘ Versuch einer Entwicklungsgeschichte
der Pflanzenwelt, and with Warburg's latest and important papers on certain parts of
the Malayan flora, papers which have the invaluable advantage of being based on
independent research. This coincidence makes me feel more confident than would be
the case with a different result.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. o
94 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
1 think it expedient, for the discussion to which this paragraph is devoted, to divide the
plants represented in the collections from Kinabalu into three sets: (1) ¿he flora of the
hill zone (with the exception of the weeds), (2) the flora of the primary forest above
3000 feet and of the bush of the summit zone, and (3) the flora of the bogs and rocks.
A. THE FLORA OF THE HILL ZONE.
The three most powerful agencies which cause in the present, and, so to say, before our
eyes, important changes in the natural associations of plants in the Malay Archipelago,
reducing or exterminating on one side and giving place to new settlers on the other, are
the slow but steady advance of the coast-line wherever it is skirted by a mangrove belt,
volcanic eruptions, and the clearing of the land from the primary vegetation by man; the
last certainly the most extensive of the three causes. It is the only one which comes
under consideration in this paragraph. The history of the plateau of Diéng and of the
lowland of Balabuan in Java are instances of the comparative rapidity with which
cultivated land may be recovered so completely by the most luxuriant forest growth that
we should take it for primeval forest never disturbed by man, but for historical proofs of
theirage. The replacement does not always take place, and it is probably in many cases
more or less incomplete. So far as Kinabalu is concerned, I have no indication that the
clearings extended at any time much beyond what I have called the hill zone. This
part of the country, however, seems to be kept in a perpetual state of secondary forest or
of “ young jungle” by the constant shifting of the cultivated area. No wonder that
not only a number of weeds which generally follow man in this part of the tropics have
found their way into the country, but also other elements which spread easily and are
more adapted to the peculiar conditions of cleared land, as the increase of light, the
decrease of moisture, the reduced stability of the climate, &e. This must ultimately
ehange the individual character of the local floras, the more so the longer it acts,
and replace it by a more general character. Poor as the collection of the hill zone is, it
nevertheless bears out this deduction. Twenty-one species, or 50 per cent., are common
throughout the greater part of Tropical Asia, not a few of them extending at the same
time to Australia. To these may be added four or five of the endemic species of this
zone on account of their close affinity to so widely-distributed elements. Fourteen
other species, or 33 per cent., have a more limited range of distribution ; but this covers
still the whole of Malaya in eight cases, whilst the species are replaced in West Malaya
(outside of Borneo) by representative forms in six cases. Three other endemic species
are more individualized, but still distinctly Malayan elements. The only species
which remain are Brookea albicans and Scyphostegia borneensis. Brookea is a genus
hitherto found exclusively in North Borneo, having no distinct affinities in the Old
x World floras, and being doubtfully related to a Brazilian genus. The genus Seypho-
. stegia is endemic on Kinabalu and still more isolated, systematically as well as
geographically. Thus the character of the hill-zone flora is to almost 60 per cent.
generally Indo-Malayan and otherwise Malayan, but slightly imbued with a local
shading due to the presence of a few endemic species, most of which have no very marked
dede
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 95
B. THE FLORA oF THE Primary ForEsT AND BUSH ABOVE 3000 FEET.
This flora as represented in the collection comprises about 258 Phanerogams, mostly
trees and shrubs, 32 Ferns, and from 6 to 9 Selaginellacee. As it constitutes the great
bulk of the Phanerogams, we may assume that the proportions of the endemic element in
the subsequent zones of altitude are about the same as already indicated for the total
vegetation (see p. 91). Almost exactly two-thirds of the Phanerogams are endemic
species. The endemism, however, increases with increasing altitude to a certain point,
when it becomes stable. It is 47 per cent. from 3000 to 5000 feet (exclusive), 65 per cent.
from 5000 to 6000 feet (inclusive), and 68 per cent. from above 6000 feet, whilst it was
not quite 20 per cent. in the hill zone.
1. Indo-Malayan Elements.
If we designate all the non-endemic species of the collection, the distribution of which is
limited to Tropical Asia, with the exclusion of Arabia and with the addition of Tropical
Australia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Polynesia, as Indo-Malayan elements, and
if we add to them those endemic species which are representatives of such species, or,
in any case, distinctly allied to them, we find about 240 species, or 93 per cent., belonging to
this class, the remainder being Austral-Antarctic (16) or Boreal (2) elements. The Boreal
elements are herbs from the lowest part of the primary forest, whilst the Austral-Antarctic
ones are almost peculiar to the highest zones. If we therefore distribute the Indo-
Malayan elements according to the three zones, we get the following figures :—
Second zone 97 per cent.
Third zone 90 al
Fourth zone 71 i
(i.) Closer Affinities.
The Indo-Malayan elements may be classed according to their closer affinities as follows
below. The assignment of a species to one of these classes is, of course, arbitrary to a
certain degree, and we cannot expect to find any strict lines to go by. The classification
should be taken as a whole and judged from its average results, when, I believe, it will
be found tolerably correct. The fact that a species is found on Kinabalu and in the
Himalaya does not justify in itself its designation as a Himalayan element or type if this
name is to have a meaning at all. If the same species or representative species are found
in Java and Sumatra or in the Malay Peninsula, and if the natural group of which they
form part has its centre in Malaya, whilst the species stands more or less isolated
in the Himalayan region, then we may appropriately call the species a Malayan element,
notwithstanding its extension into the Himalayan region. We are in a similar position
in many other cases, as will be seen from a glance at the tables, where, for instance, a
number of species or representative species are indicated for Japan and temperate China,
although I have no distinctly Japanese elements to deal with. The truth is that all these
elements which are indicated for Japan are foreign to the Japanese flora, or so widely
distributed that they are not specifically Japanese. However circumstantial and subject
to differences of opinion in detail this way of dealing with the geographical affinities
02
96 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
of a given flora may be, I think it is the only one which is truly rational, and it never
can be replaced by the mechanical summing-up of the indications made in the tabu-
lations.
a. General Indo-Malayan Elements (elements distributed throughout Indo-Malaya).—
I refer 39 species, or 16 per cent., of the Indo-Malayan portion of the flora to this class.
One-third are endemic, two-thirds more or less widely distributed; but there are a few
species among the endemic ones which approach so very closely to well-known species
that some botanists would probably consider them rather as varieties than as species
(Pavetta limbata, Ardisia oocarpa, Daphniphyllum borneense). They are pretty equally
distributed from 3000 to 11,000 feet, but comparatively numerous in the summit zone,
where they amount to 30 per cent. of the Indo-Malayan portion and are mostly endemic.
This circumstance, and the fact of their belonging almost exclusively to genera which are
apparently very ancient (Hurya, Ilex, Myrsine, Daphniphyllum), suggest that they are
rather remnants of an old flora than that they owe their presence to some particular
capability of spreading, as this is the case with most of the widely-distributed species of
the hill zone.
b. Elements peculiar to the insular portion of Indo-Malaya (including the Malay
Peninsula).—I find only 9 species which are either known from the insular portion
of Indo-Malaya only, west and east of Kinabalu, or, if endemic, have representative
congeners within this limit only, and they would coincide almost entirely with the
general Indo-Malayan elements if we took the affinities in a somewhat wider sense.
There are, in fact, only two genera (Pentaphragma and Dichotrichium) which are
absolutely limited to the Indo-Malayan Archipelago.
c. Malayan Elements.—These amount to 129 species or 50 per cent. of the Indo-
Malayan portion of the flora and to almost 40 per cent. of the total vegetation, thus
forming the principal feature in the composition of the flora of the forest. They are
most numerous between 3000 and 5000 feet (60 per cent.), and least numerous in
the summit zone (45 per cent.). Not quite two-thirds of them are endemic species,
many, however, closely allied to species from Java, Sumatra, or the Malay Peninsula.
The increase of endemism with increasing altitude is manifest also here, but it
decreases again in the summit zone. The percentage is 50 from 3000 to below 5000 feet,
68 from 5000 to 6000 feet (inclusive), 75 from above 6000 to below 11,000 feet, 66
from 11,000 feet. |
d. Bornean Elements.—The species which are limited to Borneo, or, if endemic, have
no close congeners outside Borneo, number about 34. All but 6 were collected at or
above 5000 feet, and all of them are endemie on Kinabalu except four. "They belong
chiefly to Melastomacee, an order in which the flora of Borneo is particularly rich, and
to the genera Vaccinium, Rhododendron and Nepenthes. Sir Ferdinand von Mueller
considers, however, some of the species of Rhododendron and Vaccinium described by him
from the Owen Stanley Range as very near to species which I refer to this class.
e. Elements common to Kinabalu and the Philippines only.—1 refer to this class
11 endemic and 1 non-endemie species: 10 of them are found between 5000 and
11,000 feet, and 1 below and 1 above this zone. The majority of them point most
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 97
distinctly to Malaya, so that we cannot call them Philippine elements at all. The
remaining 3 species are Evodia subunifoliolata, Rhododendron cuneifolium, and Rh.
ericoides. The two Rhododendrons are represented by one or two very close allies on the
volcano Apó in Mindanao. Sir Ferdinand von Mueller describes Rhododendron
gracilentum as very similar to Rh. ericoides, but I do not know the species, except from
description. There may be some resemblance with certain Himalayan species, but the
affinity is by no means close enough to trace them back to these, or vice versd. They
form a small group by themselves, characteristic of Kinabalu and Mindanao. Yet it is
impossible to say whether they are more Philippine or more Kinabalu elements, and, if
Sir Ferdinand von Mueller’s Rhododendron gracilentum is really so closely allied to Rh.
ericoides, they would be members of a type of far wider and more eastern range. As to
-Evodia subunifoliolata I must refer to the special part. The species is, moreover, too
imperfectly known to base upon it any deductions.
f. Elements common to Kinabalu and Austro-Malaya only.—I have to mention only
2 or 3 species as closely allied to Austro-Malayan forms, and having at the same time no
distinct and close relations otherwise. They are Medinilla lasioclados, Elatostemma Lowii,
and a species of Myrsine. The specimen representing this Myrsine is too incomplete for
description, but sufficient to show a distinct affinity with a small Austro-Malayan branch
of the genus. The Medinilla belongs to a group represented in the eastern part of the
Indo-Malayan region and even extending into Polynesia. The phylogenetic relations,
however, of the species of Medinilla as well as those of Elatostemma are still too obscure
to justify me in laying any particular stress upon these instances. This almost entire
absence of pronounced Austro-Malayan elements is another very characteristic feature
in the flora of Kinabalu. Yet it must not be overestimated, as we shall see that
other very important relations—relations of a higher order and a more remote date—
exist between the flora of Kinabalu and Austro-Malaya.
g. Elements common to Kinabalu and Indo-China, and belonging to types having a
centre in Indo-China.—The only species to be mentioned here are an Jiliciwm, too
imperfectly known to be described, and Stranvesia integrifolia. The Asiatic area of
the genus Jiliciwm covers Indo-China and subtropical China, and extends westward to
the Khasia Hills, Lower Burma, and the Malay Peninsula. One species is known
from Florida, and another from Cuba. It is one of those archaic genera which once
must have had a Circumpacific distribution of which the present areas are only remnants.
Whether it had formerly a wider range in the Malay Archipelago, or whether the
habitat on Kinabalu marks the south-eastern limit to which the genus advanced from
what is at present Continental Asia, we do not know. The genus Stranvesia is known
from South-west China, from the Eastern Himalaya and the Khasia Hills. It is
closely allied to Photinia, from which it differs mainly in a technical character derived
from the fruit. There are very few species of Photinia which reach the Malayan region.
and all of them can be traced back to the Himalayan region or to Indo-China and even
temperate China, where they join the true Boreal flora to which the suborder of Pomacee
almost exclusively belongs.
h. Elements common to Kinabalu and the Himalayan Region only.—The number of
98 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
species which are common to, or mutually represented in, both areas is very considerable,
as can be seen from the tables. But nearly all belong either to the class of general
Indo-Malayan or Malayan elements, in the latter case representing outliers of the
Malayan flora in the Himalayan region. ‘There is one species in the Kinabalu
collection which is identical with a species from the Himalayan region, namely, Sabia
parviflora, and 2 or 3 are representatives of Himalayan species, although they have, so
far as we know at present, no very close congeners in the interveniag countries. Yet
this discontinuation of the areas ceases at once so soon as we take the affinities in a
somewhat wider sense. In fact, there is not a single species in the flora of the primary
forest and bush of Kinabalu which could be traced back immediately to the Himalayan
region as the cradle of the type with anything approaching certainty.
1. Elements common to Kinabalu and the Ceylon Region only.—Microtropis ramiflora
has been hitherto known to inhabit Ceylon and the Western Ghats only. The Kinabalu
plant enumerated under this name agrees so exactly with certain states or forms of the
Ceylon specimens that I am not able to distinguish it. In 6 other cases (Hugenia
kinabaluensis, E. ampullacea, Lasianthus membranaceus, L. euneurus, L. rotundatus,
and Glochidion tenuistylum) the affinity with species from the Ceylon region is
strikingly marked in the vegetative character as well as in the floral structure. True,
there are numerous species of Eugenia and Lasianthus, several of Glochidion
§ Hemiglochidion, and a few even of Microtropis, in Malaya, which are allied in a way to
the Kinabalu species, but I do not know a single instance of a somewhat closer affinity.
These 7 species stand pretty isolated amongst their congeners in Malaya. The only
suggestion concerning them which appears to me rational is to consider these species as
belonging to very old types, and as relics of a flora which was in a more intimate
connection with the flora of the Ceylon region.
(ii.) Broader Affinities.
It will have been noticed that I used the term “element” in a very narrow sense in
dealing with what I called General Indo-Malayan elements, Malayan elements, &c.
The results derived from the comparison of the primary forest flora of Kinabalu with
the conterminous floras on this base were very striking in several ways, particularly with
regard to the almost entire absence of Austro-Malayan elements in the Kinabalu flora.
I have mentioned, however, already that this result would be very different if we based
the comparison on groups of a higher order—I will call them briefly £ypes— such as
genera, if they are very homogeneous, or subgenera and sections, if they are not. I
have tried to ascertain these broader affinities and place the result before the reader
in the following lines. These types are, of course, spread over wider areas, and
. their geographical classification will therefore be accordingly more general We may
| divide them into the following classes :—
a. Amphitropical Types (types common to the Tropics of the Old and New World).—
These amount to about 14 per cent. They are, with very few exceptions, of little interest,
as most of them are genera, or sections of genera, consisting of species the natural
affinities of which are still very obscure. They do not throw, therefore, any particular
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 99
light upon the history of the flora. Some are probably very old types, as, for instance,
Myrica ; others may have attained their almost world-wide distribution at a comparatively
late date, as Rubus $ Ideobatus; and others, which are already becoming better
known, suggest a differentiation more in accordance with their geographical distribution,
as, for instance, Sterculia $ Integrifolie, which seems to consist of two natural groups, one
confined to the Old, and the other to the New World.
b. Paleotropical Types (types confined to the Tropics of the Old World generally).—
These consist of about 20 per cent. Not a few of them have their present centre
in the Indo-Malayan region, extending westward only to the Mascarenes or to
Madagascar, or in a few species to Tropical Africa. Thus, Melastoma does not go beyond
the Seychelles and might better be counted with the Indo-Malayan types. Nepenthes
extends to Madagascar, but not to Tropical Africa, and has its centre most decidedly
in the Indo-Malayan region. The same may be said of 4dinandra, Pygeum, Eugenia
§ Syzygeum, Argostemma, Mesa, Embelia, Ardisia, Alyxia, Strobilanthes, and probably
of several more. Adinandra, Pygeum,and Argostemma, for instance, are each represented
only by a single species in Tropical West Africa, thus leaving an enormous gap between
the two areas inhabited by them. Dianella is very widely spread, from Polynesia to
Madagascar ; but it does not reach the African Continent. Most species of the genus,
moreover, being Australian, it would perhaps better be connected with the Austral-
Antarctic types. If we may venture to make any suggestion as to the origin of these
types, we must say that all the evidence ascertainable is in favour of the Indo-Malayan
region. The remaining types, though represented by more and even by numerous species
in Tropical Africa also, cannot be said to be more African than Indo-Malayan. In some
cases, as Impatiens and Eugenia $ Syzygeum, the centre is distinctly more in the western
part of the Indo-Malayan region, and the relations with Madagascar and Tropical Africa
are rather strong. On the whole, however, these types would not justify the assumption
of an “ African” branch in the primary forest flora of Kinabalu. All these types
extend also east of Kinabalu and to the Philippines, with the exception of Argostemma,
which does not range east of Kinabalu, although it is known from the Philippines, and
of Adinandra, which I know from Celebes, but not further eastwards. They are,
however, more abundantly developed west of the Macassar line than east of it, where
many of them are represented by a few species only. :
e. Indo-Malayan Types (types confined to the Indo-Malayan region).—I find these
represented by 68 genera or sections, or by 56 to 57 per cent. in the primary forest flora of
Kinabalu. 25, or two-fifths, are found only west of Kinabalu, 3 extend to Celebes, the rest
range more or less eastward, many to Tropical Australia or even to Polynesia. Some of
these number many species in Austro-Malaya, as for instance Medinilla, but the majority
have their centre most distinctly in the wide region between the Sunda Islands and the
Himalaya; and there is not a single genus, subgenus, or section among the Indo-Malayan
types of Kinabalu which might be considered truly * Austro-Malayan,” i. e., having at
present its centre in Austro-Malaya, and the same is the case with regard to the
Philippines. Melastomacee, Rubiacee, Ericacee (incl. Vacciniee), Gesneracee, and
Orchidee are the most prominent orders so far as these types are concerned.
100 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
d. Circumpacific Types (types principally developed in the Indo-Malayan region, but
dispersed through the Boreal regions to America).
Illicium. Rhus § Venenate.
Ternstremia. Rhododendron $ Eurhododendron.
Saurauja. Symplocos $ Lodhra.
Ilex $ Paltoria, Quercus $ Pasania.
Perrotettia. Castanopsis,
Smilax $ Nemezia.
Some of these types extend considerably north into the temperate regions, and where
they range south of the Equator they certainly converge to the north. They are at the
same time absolutely absent from Tropical Africa and the Austral-Antarctic region.
Illicium, Rhus § Venenate, Castanopsis, and Smilax $ Nemexia are not known to extend
east or south-east of Borneo, and only Rhododendron $ Eurhododendron and Saurauja
are represented by a greater number of species in Austro-Malaya. It is very difficult to
form a more exact idea as to the origin of these types; but we may assume pretty safely
that they are very old types, which for the most part developed either in the high
mountains of Tropical East Asia or in higher latitudes, but still in East Asia, whence
they spread to America.
2. Boreal Elements.
The only distinctly Boreal elements in this forest flora are Viola serpens and Phlomis
rugosa. Viola serpens has a very wide vertical and horizontal range in the Himalaya,
ascending to 10,000 feet (Kilar Pangi, North-west Himalaya, Watt), and descending to
3000 feet, but generally ranging from 5000 to 8000 feet. It descends to 4000 feet in
Ceylon, and it was collected between 4000 and 5000 feet in Moulmein. The habitat on
Kinabalu is therefore exceptionally low. 1 have seen, however, a specimen from the
Ulu (upper) Batang Padang River, in the Malay Peninsula, stated to have been collected
at 400 feet. If this indication of altitude is correct—it might be a slip for 4000 feet
—it would suggest an extraordinary indifference of this species for climatic conditions.
But, as the Batang Padang River drains from a mountain-range rising to 5000 and 6000
feet in altitude, the specimens collected at 400 feet may have been stray individuals
carried down accidentally from the subtropical or temperate zone of the mountains.
This capability of coping with almost any conditions of climate, except over-dryness,
explains sufficiently the intrusion of this Boreal type into the Malayan flora. Phlomis
rugosa differs comparatively more from its Central-Asiatic and Mediterranean congeners,
and it does not ascend anywhere much into the temperate zone, being confined to the
tropical or subtropical zones. Its Boreal origin is nevertheless as certain as conclusions
regarding the origin of a species drawn from the present distribution of the congeners
can be.
3. Austral-Antarctic Elements.
1 include in this class 16 species which are more or less closely related to elements
inhabiting the subtropical and temperate parts of Australia and New Zealand. Most of
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU 101
them extend at the same time to the Antarctic region, and through it to temperate
South America and the Andine region. They may be classified into 3 groups :—
a. Angiospermous Elements extending across the Antarctic Region.
Drimys piperita. Nertera depressa.
Myrtus flavida. Pratia borneensis.
Coprosma crassicaulis. Gaultheria borneensis.
C. Hookeri.
Drimys piperita seems to be very characteristic of the ridge-vegetation of Borneo and
of East Malaya, and it is also known from the Philippines. The genus is represented
by several species in New Caledonia, Australia, and New Zealand, and by some—though
opinions vary much as to their number—in America, where it ranges from the extreme
south along the Andes to Mexico. The nearest allies in Australia grow in humid
forests up to a considerable elevation, and most—if not all—of the remaining species are
distinctly hygrophilous. Coprosma crassicaulis and C. Hookeri are closely allied to
certain species from New Zealand and South-east Australia, all of them being most
decidedly hygrophilous. This genus as defined at present does not extend to South
America, though one species is known from Juan Fernandez and another from the
Antarctic Islands south of New Zealand. It is replaced in South America by the genus
Nertera, which differs from Coprosma only in the mode of growth. Nertera extends
also over the Antarctic region and Australia and New Zealand to the Malay Archipelago,
and the commonest species, JV. depressa, is amongst the Kinabalu plants. It is also
typically hygrophilous. Pratia borneensis is a close congener of P. (§Colensoa) physa-
loides, Hemsl., a herb growing in shady woods in the subtropical parts of New Zealand,
the two species forming together a very natural section of the genus. This section does
not extend to America, but another section, Hu-Pratia, numbers several species in
Extra-tropical South America, whilst the remainder is confined to New Zealand and
Malaya, except one species peculiar to Malaya and the mainland of Asia as far as the
Himalaya and South China. A third section, Speirema, is distributed (in a single
species) from Malaya to the Himalayan region. All these species are, so far as I
could ascertain, hygrophilous, the small species of $ Eu-Pratia growing in wet soil,
particularly along rivers and streamlets, and § Speirema in shady and humid forests.
One of the little species of $ Eu-Pratia, the Indo-Malayan P. begoniefolia, occurs also
occasionally as a weed in cultivation, and I infer the same for P. ($ Speirema) montana
from a note on a label attached to a specimen of it. Gaultheria borneensis approaches
closely to G. antipoda, a species inhabiting the mountains of Tasmania and very
common in New Zealand, where it descends sometimes to the sea-shore. Several more
species are known from Australia and New Zealand, a few from the Indo-Malayan region,
and there is the great bulk of the genus spread over America from the extreme south to
Oregon, but not one of the Indo-Malayan species is by any means so closely allied to,
G. borneensis as is G. antipoda. Although not dependent on perpetually moist soil or on
the shady shelter of woods, G. antipoda might yet be considered in a certain sense as a
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. Iv. P
102 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
hygrophilous plant, like so many Gaultheriese dependent on the frequent saturation of
the atmosphere with moisture; and the same is evidently the case with G. borneensis,
the anatomical structure of the leaves of which is almost identical with that of
G. antipoda.
b. Angiospermous Elements not extending to the Antarctic Region.
Leptospermum recurvum. Leucopogon malayanus.
L. javanicum. L. suaveolens.
Leptospermum numbers 3 species in Malaya. They are very closely related to each
other and to L. flavescens, Sm., of Australia (in the sense of the ‘Flora Australiensis ") ;
in fact, more closely than the extreme forms referred to L. flavescens by Bentham.
They range on the mainland as far as Moulmein, and they seem to be confined to the
drier summits of the mountains. On the other hand, there are at least 20 species in
Australia and Tasmania, most of them being found in East Australia, besides several
species in New Caledonia, and 2 in New Zealand. They are closely allied and generally not
high-level plants, like their Malayan congeners. Some of them grow in moist localities,
others along rivers; but, taken as a whole, the genus appears rather adapted to a drier
and, above all, sunnier climate. Leucopogon is in a similar position. There are also 3
species in Malaya, whilst not less than 118 species are enumerated in the ‘Flora
Australiensis.2 A few occur also in New Caledonia and 2 in New Zealand. If we,
however, follow Sir Ferdinand von Mueller and sink Leucopogon in Styphelia, the
number of Australian species would still more increase and the area extend to the
Sandwich Islands. The fact that more than 80 species are found in West Australia
suggests still more a particular adaptation to a dry and sunny climate than in the case of
Leptospermum. This would explain why, for instance, Leucopogon malayanus prefers
open, airy, and light places on the ridges and summits of mountains, but grows also in
the low and dry plains of the Island of Phukok. Something similar is the case with
Leucopogon lancifolius, Hook. fil., which seems to thrive equally well in certain sandy plains
on the coast of North Borneo and on the ridge of the main range of Kinabalu, whilst
L. javanicus and L. suaveolens inhabit exclusively the highest parts of the mountains.
c. Gymnosperms.
I prefer, for several reasons, to treat the Gymnosperms separately. They are
generally the oldest portion of the phanerogamic vegetation so far as geological evidence
goes. They play numerically a far more prominent part in the flora of Kinabalu—
and in the flora of the high mountains of Malaya generally—than any other eroup of
the Austral-Antarctic elements, and at the same time a different part. They exhibit a
. very marked habit of growing gregariously, and Podocarpus cupressina appears to
. be the commonest tree of the upper zone of Kinabalu, as it often is in Java at similar
elevations. They are, physiognomically and biologically, a well-characterized group, and
their distribution does not quite follow the type either of set « or of set b, though they
are most distinctly members of the Austral Conifer flora. There are 2 species of
Podocarpus, 2 species of Dacrydium, and 1 species of Phyllocladus.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 103
Podocarpus ($ Eu-Podocarpus) bracteata has a very wide distribution, from Malaya
northwards to the Himalaya and to Japan. De Boer indicates it also from Amboina.
Its vertical range is also very wide, extending in the Archipelago from the sea-shore
up to elevations of 8000 to 9000 feet, and to 12000 feet in the variety brevifolia.
It is very closely allied to some other Malayan species, and in a lesser degree to
P. elata, R. Br., from East Australia, and to P. affinis, Seem., from the Fiji Islands.
These species link it more or less to the remainder of the subgenus, which is spread from
New Caledonia to the South Island of New Zealand, to Tasmania and West Australia,
from temperate South America to the West Indies, and in a few species from the Cape
to Abyssinia and the Camaroons. Podocarpus (8 Dacrycarpus) cupressina is one of the
most characteristic trees of the upper mountain zone of the Malay Archipelago. It
extends to Mt. Arfak in New Guinea, to the Philippines, and to Upper Burma. There
are two or three closely allied species in New Caledonia, and one, very common, in New
Zealand as far as Stewart Island. There is no species of this section known from
Australia, but a leaf-and-fruit-bearing branch of a fossil specimen, described and figured
by Baron von Ettingshausen as Podocarpus precupressina from Vegetable Creek in New
South Wales, seems really to belong to this section. Dacrydium elatum is, beside
D. Beccarii, which I know but from Parlatore’s description, the only species of
Dacrydium reported from Malaya. It is represented by a very closely allied, if not
identical form, in the Fiji Islands, and approaches very much to D. cupressina from
New Zealand, where the genus numbers 7 species. Four species are endemic in New
Caledonia, lin the Blue Mountains of Australia, 1 in Tasmania, and 1 in South Chili.
The other species of Dacrydium found on Kinabalu is still doubtful. Phyllocladus
hypophylla is a tree or a shrub, extending from Sarawak to Eastern New Guinea, and,
apparently, common near the ridges and summits of the mountains. Another species is
found in Tasmania, and a third in New Zealand. The genus seems, however, to have
extended in the Tertiary period to South-east Australia, as certain fossils described by
Baron von Ettingshausen evidently belong to it. On the other hand, it should be noted
that Phyllocladus is the only member of the tribe Taxez, Eich]., which is Austral, all the
other genera being confined to the northern hemisphere.
C. FLORA oF THE BoGs AND Rocks.
The luxuriant forest-vegetation which, with the exception of the granite cap, covers
the highland of Kinabalu is interrupted in a few places where water collects, thereby—
probably in combination with certain conditions of the subsoil—favouring the formation
of bogs, and some rocky precipices whose flora I do not at all know. The principal
gap, however, is caused by the granite cap itself, which excludes almost all vegetation
except on the top and on the less precipitous southern side above the main range.
This scanty vegetation of the granite cap is all we know of the rock flora of
Kinabalu, and to it my remarks refer exclusively so far as they concern the flora of
the rocks. These bogs and rocks are almost isolated from the surrounding forest-
vegetation by the very conditions to which they owe the presence of a flora of their own,
P2
104 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
and they are at the same time open to a great number of plants from almost any quarter,
provided that they comply with the special conditions of plant-life afforded by them.
These conditions, however, are—particularly in the case of bogs—far more universal
than those of the forest. Yet the absence of competition from the side of the forest-
vegetation must have another effect,—the preservation of remnants of old and retreating
or already more or less extinct floras, a phenomenon so frequently met with in the bogs
of the Tropics, as well as of the temperate regions. The position of the rocks is some-
what modified, as their chemical and physical properties and the modes of water-supply
are more varied, and the conditions of plant-life, therefore, in every particular case more
specific. Still they represent the driest, airiest, and sunniest portion of Kinabalu.
They are exposed, more than any other part of the mountain, to powerful insolation in
the mornings, and to strong radiation during the nights, thus affording some chance to
elements of less equable, sunnier, and drier climes. That they are still so poor in
variety and quantity may be mainly accounted for by the nature of the granite, which is
generally unfavourable to luxuriant vegetation, and must be specially so here, as
the steepness of the slopes does not allow any accumulation of detritus, except in a
few hollows and crevices. The more universal character of the conditions of plant-life,
and the absence of any active competition on these bogs and rocks, make it intelligible
that we find present in these formations plants which often or generally belong to
different formations in other regions, thus rendering the formations of the bogs and
rocks much less homogeneous than the forest. In fact, about one-half or even more of
the bog flora consists of elements which are not typical bog plants, ¿. e. plants which
are dependent on the particular physical conditions of bogs, and there is perhaps not a
single species among those of the rock flora which might be called a typical rock plant.
There are a few plants in this flora which belong to types which generally participate in
the formation of the tropical or subtropical forest, and might be considered as elements
originating from this formation and specially adapted to the conditions peculiar to life
on rocks. But more than 90 per cent. of the flora of the bogs and rocks are perfectly
foreign to the forest-vegetation. Some of these are Cosmopolitan, some typically Boreal
or Circumpacific ; but about one-half is closely related to Austral-Antarctic elements.
Amongst these we may distinguish two groups with regard to their broader affinities—
one group comprising species which, though closely allied to Austral-Antarctic forms, yet
belong to Boreal types, and another group which, looked at from the same point of view,
appears still exclusively Austral-Antarctic. We thus deduce the following classes and
subclasses.
: l. Cosmopolitan Types.
| Cosmopolitan types are Drosera spathulata, Utricularia orbiculata, Eriocaulon
|»... Hookerianum, and Scirpus inundatus. They are as species not so universally distributed,
- but are so closely allied to species scattered almost over the whole world that they have
. representatives in almost every one of the great subdivisions of the earth with the
exception of the Polar region.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 105
2. Boreal Types.
a. Boreal Elements.—This subclass comprises those species which are intimately
connected with Boreal species, namely :—
Potentilla leuconota. Carex rara.
P. Mooniana. Agrostis canina.
P. parvula. Deschampsia flexuosa.
Gentiana borneensis. Deyeuxia epileuca ?
G. lycopodioides.
Four out of these 9 species are endemic, but one of them, Potentilla parvula, may
be perhaps only a state of P. Mooniana (see p. 147). The affinity of the potentillas
and gentians is so clear that I need not here discuss it. These types are known
from the Owen Stanley Range, but they do not extend farther south or east.
Carex rara, however, ranges as far south as New South Wales, but it is a member of a
group of hardly separable species which is nearly confined to Japan, China, and North-
east India. Agrostis and Deschampsia are essentially Boreal genera, and the varieties
of A. canina and D. flexuosa found on Kinabalu are, like those from New Zealand,
Australia, or South America, only subordinate branches of Boreal types. Deyeuxia
epileuca shows perhaps more relations with some Australian species, but I am still
doubtful as to the true systematic position of this plant. Potentilla Mooniana, the 2
species of Gentiana, and Carex rara grow on Kinabalu in more or less boggy places.
The same Potentilla and the representative species of Gentiana of the Himalaya,
however, are rather meadow plants than anything else, though the gentians seem to
prefer or withstand a greater amount of moisture. Potentilla leuconota, Agrostis
canina, and Deschampsia flexuosa are also meadow plants, the grasses generally growing
gregariously, but on Kinabalu they have become rock plants, nestling in crevices and
holes of the rocks.
b. Elements representing Indo-Malayan Branches of Boreal Types.—This subclass
comprises :
Aletris foliolosa. Carex filicina.
A. rigida. C. hypsophila.
Scirpus Clarkei. C. fusiformis.
The two species of Aletris form a small and very natural set which is limited to
Malaya, but they may be traced back to the more numerous forms which inhabit East
Asia from the temperate Himalaya to Japan, whilst another species is widely distributed
through the Eastern States of North America. The genus is a perfectly isolated type;
most of the species inhabit boggy or marshy places. Scirpus Clarkei is very closely
allied to S. subcapitatus, Thw., a species ranging from Ceylon to China, both forming a
distinct group of their own. Carex filicina is a member of the great group “ Indice,”
and particularly of a set which abounds in India and is plentiful in China and Malaya
Carex hypsophila and C. fusiformis belong to a group of closely allied species,
106 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
extending from India through China to Japan. All these elements, however, may
be traced back to types of an essentially Boreal character. Carex filicina and
C. hypsophila are known from Malaya proper, but C. fusiformis has hitherto been
found in the Himalaya only, between 7000 and 12,000 feet. All these species are
distinctly hygrophilous.
c. Elements representing Austral- Antarctic Branches of Boreal Types.—These are most
distinctly related to Austral-Antarctic species, but there is a very remarkable gap if they
are compared with their Boreal congeners. I refer 3 species to this subclass :
Ranunculus Lowii. Euphrasia borneensis.
Havilandia borneensis.
Ranunculus Lowii is connected with the Australian group of R. lappaceus through
.R. amerophyllus from the Owen Stanley Range in New Guinea, but there is no close
congener among the Ranunculi of Asia, Europe, or North America, so far as I am aware.
Havilandia is an endemic genus, but distinctly allied to that branch of Myosotis which is
represented by the Austral-Antarctic M. australis. On the other hand, it approaches
-somewhat to Trigonotis, a genus ranging from North China, Central Asia, and Japan to
New Guinea. .ZEuphrasia borneensis is in exactly the same position as Ranunculus Lowi.
None of the 3 species is distinctly hygrophilous, nor are their congeners, although some
of them are at least indifferent to a surplus of water in the soil.
3. Austral- Antarctic Types.
Haloragis micrantha. Cladium borneense.
Trachymene saniculafolia. C. samoense.
Drapetes ericoides. Schænus apogon.
Patersonia Lowii. S. melanostachyus.
P. borneensis.
Haloragis and Drapetes extend across the Antarctic region to South America. Trachy-
mene is represented by one species in New Caledonia and by numerous species in
Australia, but a few allied genera extend from Patagonia along the Andes beyond the
Equator. Patersonia is also limited to Australia, but it has representative genera in
Solemanthus and Chamelum in Chile. Cladium borneense belongs to the large group of
Baumea, which inhabits Australia, New Zealand, and the islands of the Old World between
0° and 45° S. lat. from Madagascar to the Sandwich Islands, 3 species only running up to
China and Bengal. Cladiwm samoense is a member of the section Vincentia, which is
almost exclusively found between 0° and 45” $. lat. in the islands from Madagascar to
the Sandwich group and Juan Fernandez. The genus Schenus is, with very few
exceptions, confined to Australia, New Zealand, and the neighbouring islands, but
S. apogon is one of these exceptions, being limited to Malaya. Haloragis seems to
depend on a certain amount of moisture, though the soil may be stony or sandy.
Trachymene grows most luxuriantly in wet soil, and in a dwarfed but apparently vigorous
form in crevices of rocks on Kinabalu. The allied Australian species seem to be equally
indifferent, and it is in no case a characteristic bog plant. Of the nature of the habitats
of the Australian species of Patersonia we know very little, but P. glauca, which is
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 107
closely allied to the Kinabalu species, grows in wet and peaty soil in Tasmania, whilst
others live on sandy ground in generally dry parts of Australia. Schænus is another of
those very flexible types which are neither typically hygrophilous nor typically xero-
philous, but capable of associating with plants of either kind. Drapetes grows, so far as
I can ascertain, everywhere in open land, evidently depending upon a greater amount of
light, but at the same time of moisture.
VI. THE HIGHLAND FLORA OF KINABALU COMPARED WITH THAT OF NEW GUINEA.
I have already alluded to the analogies in the character of the vegetation of the higher
parts of the Javan mountains and of the highland of Kinabalu, analogies which find
their expression not only in the physiognomy, but also in the systematic composition of
the flora. It would be of very great interest to compare the flora of Kinabalu also with
the floras of the high mountains of Celebes, Palawan, Mindanao, and Luzon, some of
which rise to 9000 and even 10,000 feet. Unfortunately we know next to nothing about
them. On the other hand, Beecaris expedition to Mt. Arfak, Macgregor’s exploration
of the Owen Stanley Range, and Zoeller’s visit to the Finisterre Mountains have brought
to light facts which are of great importance for the understanding of the flora of
Kinabalu.
One cannot read the few lines which Beccari has written on the summit flora of
Mt. Arfak (‘ Malesia,’ i: p. 215) without being reminded of some of the most charac-
teristic elements of the ridge-vegetation of Kinabalu. Podocarpus cupressina,
P. Rumphii—which Beccari considers identical with P. bracteata in another place—
species of ZEschynanthus, Dichrotrichum, Balanophora, Pratia, Eurya, Drymis, Lepto-
spermum, Myrica, and 7 Ericaceze are amongst the plants which his small list of the
summit flora contains. The physiognomic character of the vegetation of the higher part,
and particularly of the ridges of the Finisterre Mountains as we know it from Zoeller’s
description and from Warburg’s paper “ Bergpflanzen aus Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land” (in
Engler, Bot. Jahrb. xvi. p. i. pp. 1-32], seems to be very similar to that on Kinabalu.
The small collection, however, which Hellwig brought home from this expedition con-
tains few identical genera if compared with the Kinabalu collections; yet there are
among them not less than 5 species of Rhododendron. The highest interest attaches,
however, to the Owen Stanley Range. Dense forest covers the slopes of this mountain
up to 11,500 and locally to almost 11,900 feet, followed by a zone characterized by an
almost purely herbaceous vegetation of “alpine” character, but still of a poor aspect.
Here, as on Kinabalu, a zone of extreme moisture lies between 7000 and 8000 or 8500
feet. “Everything is draped in moss, which gives the forest a soft and lonely aspect ;
and at that time all objects were saturated with moisture.” (Macgregor, Journ. Geogr.
Soc. 1890, p. 204.) “Roots, trunks and branches were wrapped up in thick coverings
of moss; even the leaves were not free from it. Everything was soaking wet.” (Mac-
gregor, l. c. 208.) But this “zone of moss and fog” is followed here by a zone with a
** dry and fine climate," as is the case in the high mountains of Java. This is very
different from what we find on Kinabalu, where the granite cap receives an enormous
amount of rain even during the driest month.
108 DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
The following is a list of the plants collected by Macgregor’s Expedition, taken from
Sir Ferdinand von Mueller’s paper [Trans. Royal Soc. Victoria, i. part ii. 1-45],
compared with the corresponding types from Kinabalu. I may remind the reader that
Sir F. von Mueller's paper deals exclusively with the plants collected above 8000 feet.
MACGREGOR's COLLECTION. KINABALU COLLECTIONS.
Ranunculus amerophyllus. Ranunculus Lowii. ~ *
Drimys piperita. Drimys piperita.
D. hamatensis. D. piperita. ~
Hypericum Macgregori.
Eleocarpus latescens. Eleocarpus sericea,
Sagina donatioides.
Drapetes ericoides. Drapetes ericoides.
Rubus Macgregori.
R. diclinis. Rubus Lowi, ~
Potentilla leuconota. Potentilla leuconota.
Metrosideros Regelii.
Epilobium pedunculare.
Helicia Cameronii. Helicia erratica.
Galium javanicum.
Mikania scandens ? (Mikania scandens, a weed of the hill zone.)
Anaphalis Marie.
Aster (§ Olearia) Kernotii.
Vittadinia Aline.
V. macra.
Myriactis bellidiformis.
Lagenophora Billardieri.
Ischnea elachoglossa.
Senecio haplogynus.
S. erichthioides.
Taraxacum officinale.
Vaccinium acutissimum. >
V. Helene.
V. Macbainii.
V. amplifolium. E 10 species, all of the section Epigynum.
V. ambyandrum.
V. parvulifolium. J
Gaultiera mundula (Diplycosia). 12 species of the genus Diplycosia.
Rhododendron gracilentum, | Rhododendron ericoides, ~ +
R. Lowii. R. Lowii.
R. pheochitum. R. rugosum. ~ +
R. spondylophyllum. R. verticillatum. ~ +
R. culminiculum.
Styphelia montana (Leucopogon). Leucopogon, 3 species. ~
* The sign ~ signifies that the Kinabalu species approaches closely to the New Guinea species.
+ According to Sir Ferdinand von Mueller.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 109
Decatoca Spenceri.
Gentiana Ettingshausenii,
Alyxia semipallescens.
Veronica Lendenfeldii,
Euphrasia Brownii.
Trigonotis Haakei.
T. inoblita. ^
Myosotis australis.
Phyllocladus hypophylla,
Libocedrus (?) papuana.
Dendrobium psychrophyllum.
Sisyrhinchium pulchellum.
Korthalsia Zippelii (above 8000 ft. ?).
Astelia alpina.
Carpha alpina.
Scirpus cespitosus.
Gahnia javanica.
Schenus curvulus.
Carex fissilis.
Uncinia riparia.
U. Hookeri.
Agrostis montana.
Aira cespitosa.
Danthonia paniculata.
Festuca ovina.
F. pusilla,
Lycopodium clavatum.
L. Selago.
L. scariosum.
L. volubile.
Gleichenia dicarpa.
G. flagellaris.
Schizea dichotoma.
Hymenophyllum tunbridgense.
Cyathea Macgregori.
Polypodium punctatum.
P. trichopodum.
Aspidium aculeatum.
Tenitis blechnoides (Polypodium).
Vittaria elongata.
Gentiana lycopodioides, ~
Alyxia lucida and another species.
Euphrasia borneensis. ~
Havilandia borneensis.
Phyllocladus hypophylia,
Dendrobium, 2 species,
Patersonia, 2 species.
1 species, in the hill zone, figured by Burbidge.
Several species.
2 species.
Several species, but of other groups.
Agrostis canina.
Deschampsia flexuosa.
Lycopodium clavatum.
L. Selago.
L. Wightianum. ~
L. volubile.
] species.
] species.
2 species.
Cyathea polypoda and C. Havilandii.
5 species.
Polypodium blechnoides.
Vittaria sulcata.
There are only six phanerogams in Mueller's list which are also found on Kinabalu ;
but 22 species, or more than one-third, are represented by rather closely allied forms,
whilst 9 others are more remotely, but still distinctly related. More than one-half of
these representative species belong to old Indo-Malayan or Circumpacific types, a few are
typically Boreal, and about 10 are Austral-Antarctic elements. At least 6 of the latter
represent, however, Austral-Antarctic branches of Boreal types. Thusit will be seen that
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
Q
110 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
the affinity of the floras of Kinabalu and of the Owen Stanley Range rests mainly on
the presence of certain—and numerous—Ericaces and of a number of Anstral-Antarctic
forms which, however, are mostly Boreal in a wider sense. That the Austral-Antarctic
element is so much richer on the Owen Stanley Range is only what we might expect
from the geographical position of these mountains. The absence of composites in the
highland flora of Kinabalu, whilst they are so numerous on the Owen Stanley Range,
is remarkable ; but most of the composites in Sir Ferdinand von Mueller's list seem to
belong to Austral-Antarctic types, only Taraxacum officinale, Myriactis bellidiformis, and
perhaps Anaphalis Marie being Boreal.
VII. MEANS OF DISPERSION AND DISTRIBUTION.
I have already pointed to the large proportion of plants producing fleshy fruits in the
flora of Kinabalu. It amounts to 35-40 per cent., whilst those the fruits or seeds of
which are apparently adapted: by their smalJness or certain contrivances for dispersion
by wind partake with 25 to 28 per cent. I have alluded to the prominent share of
the endemic element in both classes as a strong reason against the assumption that
these “ means of dispersion” might generally account for the wider or more limited
distribution of species. I wish to dwell on this point more especially in this place.
The following table shows the comparative share of those two classes and of the
remainder, consisting of plants having no particular means of distribution, in the flora of
the three principal formations. The three columns to the right are added to show the
proportion of the endemic element in each of these classes and formations. S stands for
plants possessing fleshy fruits (sarcocarpous plants); C for plants having very minute
seeds, like dust (coniospermous plants); P for plants having fruits or seeds provided with
some flying contrivance (pterocarpous plants); and O for plants having no particular
means of dispersion. C and P are represented by a single column, as both are generally
looked at as special adaptations for dispersion by wind, and as the plants referable to
P are so very few.
Percentage calculated from | Percentage of Endemic
total Vegetation. Species.
Formations.
5 | Gr 0. S. C.F: 0.
Secondary forest (hill zone) .......... 46:5 18:6 32:5 15 Sate 36
Primary forest (2nd zone)............ 45 29 26 53 70 46
i uc (8rd ROME) fs eol. 50 32 18 70 70 7
$5 S CHR sone) N. 59 30 11 75 75 66
or SS n D. 26 74 Dus 37°5 24
_ A glance at this table shows the very different character of each of the three principal
formations. The secondary forest of the hill zone approaches the primary forest of the
second zone, so far as the figures in the first three columns are concerned, the difference
DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 111
in class C, P being mainly due to the increase of coniospermous Melastomace:e, of species
of Rhododendron and of Orchidez towards the upper limit of the second zone. It
differs, however, extremely, so far as the last three columns are concerned. They show
not only, as I have already pointed out, that the flora of the secondary forest is much
more universal and that of the primary forest more individualized, even in the lower
zone (see p. 91), but also that the increase of the endemie element takes place mainly
among those plants which are apparently best fitted for dispersion. This difference
still increases if we take the third or the fourth zone into consideration. I believe this
phenomenon is not difficult to explain. ;
The land at the foot of the mountain is of comparatively recent formation. It has
been subjected to the process of clearing to a very great extent and probably for a very
long time. It shares these peculiarities, and at the same time the general and physical
conditions of plant-life, with the greater portion of Borneo and with many parts of the
Archipelago. This process of clearing must have shaken the balance of the aboriginal
vegetation, weakening it by the alteration of the conditions of plant-life, and at the same
time opening the way for new competition. The invasion of this new element was, no
doubt, favoured by the circumstance that the birds and mammals which might be the
active means of plant-dispersion in this part of the country are commonly species of
wider distribution, and many of them range freely Wind must have been also
more effieient—as a spreading agency—on the cleared land than on the forest-clad
highland, and finally man himself certainly often became voluntarily or inadvertently
the cause of dispersion. All this is very different from what we find in the primary
forest, as we ascend the mountain. Here the land is geologically old land. We have
no evidence that its vegetation was ever disturbed to any great extent by clearings.
The physical conditions of plant-life have no longer the same more universal character as
in the hill zone; they deviate decidedly and become gradually more peculiar. The vege-
tative aspect as well as the systematie composition of the primary forest, both the
result of a long struggle under these very conditions, assume a similarly individualized
character. The forest forms a harmonious union of congenial elements. Each of them
is adapted in its way to the nature of the climate and of the soil, and all are in a state
of comparative equilibrium which will not cease or materially change so long as the
conditions out of which it has grown continue to exist. The animal kingdom undergoes
- a similar change as the elevation increases, the endemic species becoming proportionally
more numerous. Whitehead mentions migratory birds from the coast region of North
Borneo as well as of Palawan, but not from the highland. "True, some birds were found
there which are exactly identical with species known from the Himalaya, but they are
not migratory. The fact remains, so far as I can see, that most of the mammals and
birds of the higher zones—if not all—are confined to the highland, and never leave it.
Wind may exercise its full power on the ridges, but not in the high forest which clothes
the slopes and the bottoms of the valleys, and it can hardly at all affect the ground vege-
tation, which comprises most of the coniospermous Melastomacez, Begoniacez, and a part
of Orchidese. It might carry the extremely light seeds of Rhododendron or Nepenthes,
which grow mainly on the ridges, a great distance. In any case, it has not been very
Q2
112 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
successful in widening their areas, as more than two-thirds of the species of these genera,
found on Kinabalu, are endemic on the mountain. The orchids are in a similar
position, only two species out of twelve which were collected on the ridge of the main
range being non-endemic. ‘Thus almost every circumstance seems to be in favour of
stability and individuality, and contrary to change and exchange. This apparently
explains sufficiently the extreme endemism of the highland flora of Kinabalu, but it does
not render the prevalence of sarcocarpous and the great number of coniospermous plants
more intelligible. It is, a priori, highly improbable that the production of berries or of
dust-like seeds should not play some prominent part in the life-history of these plants,
or, as we put it teleologically, not have a distinct design. It is obvious that any con-
trivance which favours the dispersion of seeds and thereby prevents the accumulation
of seedlings within reach of the mother-plant is eo ipso an advantage to the species, and
it is at the same time a well-established fact that these contrivances have in numerous
cases the desired effect, if I may say so. But this does not necessarily involve dispersion
over wide areas,and particularly dispersion over areas which are separated by sea or by
regions of more or less different physical characters. No doubt, dispersion of this kind
takes place amid favouring circumstances, but it implies the existence of some appropriate
active means of spreading, be it wind, or birds or some other animals, and its success always
depends on the presence of conditions favourable to the final settling of the species in
the new home. Thus the problem is actually very complex, much more so, indeed, than
often is admitted in speculations on the distribution and migration of plants. I myself
have no doubt that the presence of many widely distributed elements in the secondary
vegetation of the hill zone is partly due to the development of particular “ means of
dispersion,” as berries, very minute seeds, or flying contrivances, and that it might be
brought about even under such conditions as now exist, This cannot be said with regard to
the flora of the primary forest, however favourable the frequent presence of berries or of
dust-like seeds may have been to wide dispersion under different conditions.
The third column from the left (in the table on p. 110) contains the figures representing
the element that does not possess any particular means of dispersion. The figures are
probably too high, as some of the plants referred to this class may possess some
contrivance which acts as a passive means of dispersion without our knowing it or being
able to know it unless by means of observation on the spot. The fruits and seeds of
others might, although actually not adapted in any way to a particular mode of dispersion,
be scattered about accidentally. Yet the normal way of widening or shifting their area
would always be by spreading slowly—so to say, inch by inch or foot by foot. True,
very vigorous and flexible or plastic types of this kind might—like any others—thus
push on a considerable distance even in the absence of any powerful impulse from
without ; but this is certainly quite exceptional, and we may safely say that the present
distribution of this element is still more unintelligible under the present conditions
than the distribution of the plants of class S or class C and P. The flora of the
bogs and rocks, subjected to a similar examination, leads to the same result, although it
differs considerably from the forest flora so far as the proportional share of the three
biological classes now under consideration is concerned. ‘There are no sarcocarpous
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 113
plants of any kind among them, whilst the coniospermous element consists of 37:5
per cent., leaving thus almost two thirds of the bog and rock plants without any particular
“means of dispersion.” Among the coniospermous bog plants, Drosera, Utricularia,
and Eriocaulon are types rather indifferent to temperature. They would—and certainly
do—succeed in settling in any boggy or generally wet spot between the highest point
where they were collected and the coast. There is, in the coast region, certainly ample
opportunity for their spreading over wide areas by wind or by birds, even under the
present conditions. Birds are sometimes, as we know from well-established facts, a very
efficient agency so far as the dispersion of bog, marsh, or swamp plants is concerned, the
seeds easily sticking with mud to their legs or clinging to their plumage. In a similar
position are most sedges—or perhaps all with the exception of Carex fusiformis and
C. hypsophila, which seem to be true high-level plants, and probably also Haloragis
micrantha. If we deduct all these plants there remain still about 20 species, belonging
either to the rock or bog formation, for the dispersion of which we cannot account by
merely referring to the general conditions as they at present exist. Four or five of them
are coniospermous, but among them is only one non-endemic species (Aletris foliolosa).
The rest have small seeds or fruits, but certainly not small or light enough to be carried
a considerable distance by wind. These fruits or seeds may, of course, be occasionally
scattered by birds or mammals, by water or landslips, &c., but there is, to my know-
ledge, no agency whatever operating on Kinabalu to bring about in this way an exchange
with those regions where these species or their nearest congeners are found.
VIII, SUGGESTIONS ON THE HISTORY OF THE FLORA OF KINABALU,
I hope to have shown in the preceding section that the composition of the flora of
Kinabalu points most emphatically to a time when the conditions of plant-dispersion
were very different from what they are now. The principal circumstances which
prevent the exchange of the primary highland flora of Kinabalu with other floras
at present are the absence of birds or mammals, which might be the active means of the
exchange, and the isolation of the highland. But,as the absence of such animals itself
is evidently a consequence of this isolation, we are forced to the conclusion that there
must have been a time when this isolation of Mount Kinabalu did not exist. There
are two kinds of changes which might put an end to the isolation of the mountain and its
flora. One is a great climatic change such as would compel the highland flora to descend
into the hill zone and the plains. It would account for very much ; yet there is no
evidence that anything of this kind ever has occurred, although a slight depression
of the lines of vegetation of many plants may have taken place. The other change
is in the distribution of land and water. If Kinabalu once was in immediate connection
with the highland of New Guinea, or what was then its equivalent, the presence of
many of the Austral-Antarctic types in the Kinabalu flora would become intelligible.
A similar connection with continental Eastern Asia would account for the Boreal and
Circumpacific types, and a union of the Malayan islands for the preponderance
of the Indo-Malayan element. A negative shifting of the shore-line to the extent of
114 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
600 or 700 feet would be sufficient to join Borneo to the mainland, to Sumatra and
Java, and to the Philippines, and it would bring Celebes in reach within a few miles.
Celebes itself would extend far enough to include Buru, and thus be brought very close
to Ceram and New Guinea. A shifting of 1600 to 1700 feet, however, would complete
the union of Borneo with Austro-Malaya, including New Guinea, and with Australia (see
Berghaus, ‘ Physik. Atlas,’ no. 25). Yet I doubt whether such a change by itself would
be sufficient to cause a considerable exchange of the highland floras concerned. It would
raise some of the lower spurs and ranges, with which the highland of Kinabalu is at
present connected at low levels, to such altitudes that they might exchange a part of
their present flora with a flora more like the one living now on Kinabalu in similar
altitudes. Something of this kind would happen in Sumatra or in any other part of the
united land, and, no doubt, the various highlands would be brought closer together. A
simultaneous depression of the lines of vegetation such as might have occurred, for
instance, during a period of extreme glaciation, without seriously impairing the tropical
vegetation of the lowland, would have favoured the exchange still more. There would,
however, still have been wide lowlands having a tropical climate and a tropical] flora
where there is now sea, and these lowlands would have been almost as strong a barrier
for the highland flora as the sea is now. But such a state is hardly conceivable without
some simultaneous change in the surface of the land. The denudation which takes place
in the highland before our eyes is enormous. Its configuration and that of the
surrounding land show clearly enough that it has been going on at this rate for a long
time. Then the highland must once have been far more extensive, if not also higher. It
most probably shared this denudation with the remainder of the Bornean highlands, the
detritus of which is deposited in the vast Tertiary strata which cover one half or more of
Borneo. Other highlands beside this have very likely existed in the former Malayan
continent, and, in connection with them, highlands which made the invasion of a northern
and of a southern element of more or less temperate character possible. In fact, the
assumption of such highlands seems to me the conditio sine quá non for under-
standing the history of the flora of Kinabalu and of the highland flora of Malaya
generally.
A more exact determination of the lines over which, and of the time when, the
exchange took place is hardly possible at present. It could be undertaken only on the
basis of a comparative study of the entire highland flora of the Malay Archipelago and
of a more complete knowledge of the geology of the region. I restrict myself, therefore,
to a few general remarks referring to this question.
.. Beccari (* Malesia,’ i. pp. 219, 220) was of opinion that the Boreal alpine element on
the high volcanoes of Java must have immigrated at a very recent date, as the volcanoes
- themselves are so very recent. Their habitats on these volcanoes are, of course, as recent
. as or more recent than the volcanoes. But this does not necessarily imply that they did
not already exist in this part of Malaya before the volcanoes were thrown up. We know
that the Javan volcanoes rest upon Tertiary strata, and traces of the old Schistose Forma-
e tion phieb occupies so much space in Sumatra were discovered only some ten years ago.
The r toecni volcanoes of Sumatra, on the other hand, rest upon this Schistose Formation,
DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 115
and under conditions which prove that the volcanoes broke through a completed, or nearly
completed, chain of folded mountains. This old highland may probably have contained a
great number of such types, which would have been taken over by the voleanoes as they
were thrown up and the highland broke down. That a Boreal element existed in Malaya
before the appearance of these volcanoes is clearly demonstrated also by the presence of
so many Boreal types in Australia. There is no doubt that most, if not all of them, reached
Australia by way of Malaya and Austro-Malaya, and they can have reached Australia,
in my opinion, only by way of a land-connection, for—quite apart from other reasons—
the majority of these types have no particular * means of dispersion.” If so, these
types must have existed in Malaya before the eastern portion of the Indo-Malayan region
was separated from the western. We do not know exactly when this separation took
place or was completed, but it seems to have existed at least since the earlier part of the
Tertiary period, or long before the voleanos of Sumatra and Java were built up. This
separation fixes also, on the other hand, the time of the invasion of the Austral-Antarctic
element. It must have reached Borneo previous to the separation, although it may
have spread later northward and westward The next temperate (or subtropical)
element consists of the Circumpacific types. Their general distribution suggests that
they are very old types. In which part of Eastern Asia they originated I do not venture
to speculate. In any case, they, or at least some of them, must have been already in
Malaya before it was separated from Austro-Malaya, as their extension into Austro-
Malaya proves. Beccari (‘ Malesia,’ i. p. 224) points also to the fact that the line over
which the Austral-Antarctic types are distributed in Indo-Malaya lies over New Guinea,
the Moluccas, Borneo and Sumatra, while Java has scarcely any. I find that Java is
just as rich in these types, or rather just as poor, as Sumatra; but North Borneo is
certainly very much richer than both of them. It might be suggested that the climatic
conditions of North Borneo are more like those of the Austral-Antarctic regions.
This, however, could hardly apply to the “mist zone” of the Sumatran and Javan
mountains, though it might to the summit zone, which seems to be much drier in Java
than it is on Kinabalu. Yet, if we remember that the Philippines also possess a very
remarkable set of Austral-Antarctic types (see Rolfe, in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxi.
p. 296), it seems much more plausible to assume that the main line along which this
Austral-Antarctic element moved lay rather over Halmaheira and North Celebes than
over or south of the Banda Sea. :
Every faet that applies to these three components of the temperate highland flora
i i i i d last component, the Coniferze, and to the
applies with still greater force to its fourth an | po
greater part, if not to the whole, of the intra-tropical flora. Both elements must have
ranged over both portions of Indo-Malaya, east and west of the Moluccas, before the
UGERNE of Malaya and Austro-Malaya began, and they did so probably a very long
time before. ; :
An interesting question arises with regard to those Austral-Antarctic types which I
have designated as a branch of Boreal types of higher order, and I might perhaps add
to them the varieties of Agrostis and Deschampsia, and probably also Deyeuzia, A
remarkable fact is that they are closely connected with southern forms, but slightly with
116 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
their northern congeners, although everything seems to point to a Boreal origin.
Are they survivals from the great invasion to which the presence of so many Boreal
types in Australia and even in the Antarctic region is due, or is their presence on Kina-
balu and on the Owen Stanley Range the result of a partial re-migration of Boreal
types from the Austral-Antarctic regions? In the latter case the phylogenetic gap in
their relations to their northern congeners might be explained by the transformation
which the southern branch underwent after having reached the Austral-Antarctic regions.
We might, however, just as well admit the other alternative under the perfectly justified
assumption that the northern congeners deviated more from their ancestors than the
southern ones, which were hardly transformed at all. It has also been suggested (Wallace,
‘Island Life,’ p. 490) that types of this kind might form the most advanced posts of a
migratory movement of an extraordinary extent, namely from North America by way of
the Andes to the extreme south of South America, and thence to the Antarctic region, to
Australia and New Zealand, and finally to Malaya. Yet the particular types to which
I refer in this place do not show a closer affinity to North American forms. They stand
in the same abrupt relation to them as to their congeners in temperate Eurasia.
I will now try to summarize briefly the conclusions to which I come with regard
to the history of the flora of Kinabalu. The highland of Kinabalu formed, at
a period not later than the earliest part of the Tertiary epoch, a portion of a much more
extensive highland, which was—simultaneously or in consecutive periods—connected
with other highlands which stretched over a wide continental area extending from the
south-eastern part of the present mainland of Asia into the Austral-Antarctic regions.
The flora of the then highland of Kinabalu contained already all the essential elements
which at present characterize it. At the end of this period the highland connection with
the south-eastern portion of this continent was severed, so that no important exchange
of temperate elements could take place any longer in this direction. Lowland connection
may have continued still for a time, after which it also ceased. Up to this point the
flora of Kinabalu and of the neighbouring parts of the old continent, east and west of
Kinabalu, formed a natural unit, grown up under the influences of a common history,
and still manifest in the broader affinities of the present floras of these areas. After the
separation of Austro-Malaya a new period in the evolution of the floras east and west of
the line of separation began. The differences which were, no doubt, already indicated
now became manifest and more accentuated. The highland of Kinabalu was still in
close connection with the remainder of Malaya and with the Philippines. Then these
broke away, whilst the connection with West Malaya still continued, and under
conditions which caused a considerable general uniformity of the flora of Malaya, The
pronounced Malayan character of the flora of Kinabalu dates from this period. Then
the Malayan land subsided or broke down, leaving an archipelago, These conditions
. went on and reached a maximum which must have been considerably above the present
State. Borneo itself was reduced to a group of islands, of which the highland of Kina-
balu was one. The increasing isolation must have acted as a most powerful agent in
the evolution of the flora. It could not add any new element to the flora, as it then was,
but it gave it that strongly localized or individualized charaeter which still distinguishes
AAA
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU 117
it. Then the shore-line shifted again the other way. The Bornean islands were joined
into one. The floras of these islands, advancing with the advancing coast, met, and a
fresh exchange took place, which, however, could not materially affect the highland
floras, for they were still separated by the lowland. ‘The exchange and the ensuing
generalization of the flora remained therefore confined to the lower zones, whilst the
highlands maintained their individual character. In still more recent time man became
an agent in dispersion and in generalizing the character of the flora. Large parts of the
“old jungle " fell by knife and fire, and although the original vegetation generally springs
up again and again with apparently unabated vigour, there can be no doubt that many
of its feebler elements have already succumbed in this struggle. Others better adapted
to the new conditions took their place, and, often favoured by particular means and con-
ditions of dispersion, spread far and wide. A “secondary ” vegetation thus replaced the
primary or aborginal one, a change in which the hill-zone flora of Kinabalu shared
equally with the flora of any part of the lowlands or the hills where man settled.
The last point with which I wish to deal concerns the bearing of the results of the
examination of the flora of Kinabalu on the general differentiation of the Indo-Malayan
flora. The flora cf Kinabalu is a new proof of the essential unity of the Indo-Malayan
flora west and east of Kinabalu or the Macassar line. But the flora of the Austro-
Malayan division differs at leastas much from that of the Malayan division as the latter
differs from the flora of the Himalaya region or of Indo-China, True, the relationship of
the Malayan and Austro-Malayan floras is very much closer if we take into consideration
the floras of the coasts, lowlands, and hills, and they become almost uniform if we confine
the comparison to the shore vegetation. Yet this is the least stable portion of the flora,
and therefore teaches us almost as little about the history and the affinities of the flora
as a comparison of weeds would do. We have therefore to rely on the most conservative
portion of the flora, the flora of the primary forest, and particularly of the highland
forest. I drew the line between Malaya and Austro-Malaya in accordance with Wallace’s
Macassar line, chiefly because it almost coincides with the meridian of Kinabalu. If I
had included Celebes in Malaya, very few species would have been added to the list of
the Malayan elements of the primary flora. It must, however, not be forgotten that very
Nm is yet known of the primary flora of the higher parts of Celebes. This remark applies
more or less to Buru, Halmaheira, Ceram, and the other islands west of the line which
separates Warburg's “Papuasian” flora from the flora of * Malesia" (Warburg, in Engler,
Bot. Jahrb. xiii. (1891) 230 e£ segg.). It is very probable, for geological reasons, that the
line separating the Malayan and the Austro-Malayan floras will be found to lie much
‘nearer to Warburg's line than to Wallace's ; but I believe its exact course will appear to be
almost as indefinite and practically arbitrary as, for instance, the line which separates the
Malayan and the tropical Himalayan floras. There will "ay: be a wider or narrower
strip of borderland between the two divisions. Where it consists of recent land, and
partieularly of land of low elevation and of cleared land, it will bear the more universal
character of the insular Indo-Malayan flora ; where it comprises primitive and undisturbed
land it will naturally be rich in endemic elements, and it will approximate more or less to
the typical Malayan or to the typical Austro-Malayan character, according to the position
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. R
118 - DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
east or west of the line of geological separation, provided that this line is a definite
line. This is evidently not the case. The line along which the old Indo-Malayan
continent first broke up into an eastern and a western portion was certainly not a geome-
trical line, nor was it formed simultaneously in all its parts. The breaking-up of the
continent most probably took place over a broad strip of land along different and
changing lines, and it was certainly not completed before the lapse of a very long time,
nor has the region in question since been in a state of undisturbed stability.
I have purposely stated the facts and drawn the conclusions exclusively from the
standpoint of the botanist, referring only secondarily to the geology of the area. The
result is essentially the same to which Warburg came, mainly from the examination
of the ** Papuasian " flora. He has already pointed out, and I agree perfectly with him,
that there is nothing in this theory of the evolution of the Indo-Malayan insular flora
which is in conflict with the zoo-geographical facts as they are known from Wallace’s
researches and from the more recent publications on the subject, nor do I find anything
in it which contradicts the results of the geological explorations in the area concerned
so far as I am acquainted with them.
IX. TABLES SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES OF EACH OF THE FOUR ZONES.
(See also p. 93.)
The geographical divisions adopted in the Tables are :—(1) Boreal Regions: the tem-
perate regions of the northern hemisphere, with the exception of temperate China and
Japan. (2) China, Japan: the temperate parts of China and Japan. (3) Indo-China :
Siam, French Indo-China, and tropical and subtropical China. (4) Himalaya: Tropical
Himalaya, Assam, Khasia Hills, and south as far as Tenasserim. (5) Ceylon: Ceylon
and the Western Ghats. (6) West Malaya: Malay Peninsula, and the Malay
Archipelago to the Macassar line, excluding Borneo. (7) Borneo. (8) The Philippines.
(9) Austro-Malaya: the Indo-Malayan Archipelago, east of the Macassar line.
(10) Polynesia (including New Caledonia). (11) Australia (including Tasmania).
(12) New Zealand. (13) South America.
The sign + signifies that the same species is common to Kinabalu and the division
for which the sign is entered, whilst the sign ~ indicates that the species is represented
by a close congener in the division concerned.
The names of the species described as new in the present paper are denoted by an
asterisk.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 119
A. Hinr Zone (up to 3000 feet).
| | 1 | | | j |
E 221] hal | $ | | | | |
A 4 " 2| dl s | *| 8]
sei leal Sal RS A | Blab] TT
5a] ES g| E| Bl BR E E (39 | =| S eSlas]
a 18 | &| B| SIE | e Aig [A| ala |
| Polygala venenosa .......... A o a Pe ed e 2000-3400 + | | |
| *Garcinia Havilandii ........ TEN | | ~|~ 2000 | |
| Adinandra excelsa .......... AP | | w hk 2000 | |
| *Saurauja amona .......... BS Tu a 2500 —|— ue
Triumfetta suffruticosa ...... .. | =—|=|=| =|+|+ 2500 4. | |
| *Evodia tenuistyla ..........| .. bow E De 2000 dte
| *Salacia laurifolia............ ka [=|=|=—|— 2000 ~
Chens histata 5. [cl | es + | + 2000 |
Guioa pleuropteris .......... |o an | + |+ 2000
*Bauhinia excurrens ........ Pe a m | Boe pa p 2000 ^w | A
* Bürbidgél: seb. isan dl. d | ee) ~~ oe 2000
Pithecolobium bigeminum .. .. | .. | + | +i/+|+ 2000 +
Rubus roseefolius ..........) .. | -F| --| 9 | +l tit 2500-3000 ^] j
Dichroa febrifuga .......... be GA ok Ee oe ae ae 2000 de | he |
a O A A oh] +i] + 2000 | |
Deeaspermum panieulatum . du. (se ~~ + |+ 2000 +) +)~] wr | |
Sonerila maculata .......... A TG Hut 2500 | |
Dissochæta annulata ........ [s +) + 1200 +. | |
ESAE es | A ER. 2000-3500 | | |
*Kibessia tessellata .......... Dua for yo oe 2000 | | |
Memecylon levigatum ...... | po O neg ge ee ee 1000-2000 | ~ | | |
Mussænda frondosa ........) +. E EE. 2500 +12 |
* ES si € rod ve bas be doe te ee qM Baras |
Randia densiflora .......... o POS 4 WIE DTE 2000 +) +) ^ |
Psychotria malayana ........ es. i lul p 1000-2000 | |
Campanumæa celebica ...... ee ee DOR «erp 2500 Es |
Clethra canescens .......... D FF 2000 a r.
Leuconotis anceps .......... +i t+ 2000 |
Willughbeia firma .......... uo PUTAT, +) + 2000-3000 | |
Parameria glandulifera ...... equ pi noe Me 2500 T |
Hoya coronaria :2 92» l. eed ar Pa ee ee 2000-3000
Buddleia asiatica .......... rae ee o FIT 2500 +
*Brookea albicans .......... O a Gt O Bde 2500
AEschynanthus tricolor ...... ee O 2000-3000
Thunbergia fragrans ..... O ee a oe 2500 TIcTPTIDCDT
*Strobilanthes kinabaluensis Pa yO eee Be 2000 |
Geunsia farinosa. -csr rii> ee R E 2800 e
Polygonum chinense ........ -itit+itie:: 2500 T
Nepenthes phyllamphora .... .. $i ki? 2500 TILEP
Scyphostegia borneensis...... u alale] vel >
*Lorantbus estipitatus........ wie) timia pa 0 MO nee |
Antidesma Moritzil ........ ca a as Laca tT 9500 T |
Acalypha stipulacea ........ uox t 2600 T1 |
Schizostachyum, sp. .......- eS RE GE e ee Bimal Us 3000 |
Alsophila latebrosa .......- aS a a a se $000 +T
Davallia ciliata ...........- eS ee Oe eas nt T a |
tenuifolia ....... ese afit FiF 000 T |
Asplenium squamulatum Ce] pes "Ie 200 T |
borneense ..........- E A Gant SIT es aan |
Angiopteris evecta .........- A A a ee E UD H 4i i + |
Equisetum debile .........- FIERA ^ | |
£
R2
120
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
B. Lower Mountain Zone (from 3000 to 6000 feet).
Boreal
Regions.
Japan.
China,
Indo-China.
(00 | Casearia leucolepis
oe od *Begonia adenostegia
ZIMMER MA eee stra ot re
PEO SE. ra es e
Goniothalamus dispermus ..
X stenopetalus
x OBOE vues ee
Mitrephora Maingayl........
*Melodorum kinabaluense
VIOS SAPDORE ¿iden ds
Polygala venenosa
Paraná ferie o is ee oe
*Sterculia translucens ........
Impatiens platyphylla
*Evodia subunifoliolata
Dysoxylon cauliflorum
*Gomphandra lysipetala
o is i ces ces dH
Perrotettia alpestris
Sabia parviflora ......:.....
Rubus glomeratus
e E AA A ds
früsiuitoliu «ocho
Drosera spathulata..........
*Decaspermum Vitis-Idea ..
*Myrtus flavida .
d PEYIStania elipaes ssi.
Melastoma decemfidum
Beccarianum
Blastus Cogniauxii..........
*Anerincleistus cordatus
*Driessenia glanduligera ......
*——— microthrix............
Sonerila tenuifolia
* — kinabaluensis
à oe ae ae ie ee et ee
Se CS Oe a Oe
LEI. Se
La E oe me Be m Nul
LCOo.o......»..
pe E eae
A A ET.
$ E
+ AA 6 E
E e 4s
A A
*Phyllagathis elliptica ........
# millors o.co,
Marumia pachygyna ........
Dissocheta hirsuta..........
*Medinilla urophylla ........
Ei" BSodads co «¿ci do
| *Anplectrum homeeandrum....
*Plethiandra Hookeri ........
b (wu x» ke ee
DEDO
| Memecylon lanceolatum......
> +d +:
| Himalaya.
Ceylon.
~o
EA
Malaya.
| West
AI A tt i tlt:
Vettel tl crest:
(+:
Altitudes on
Kinabalu.
Philippines.
Austro-
Malaya.
feet.
4000
5500
3000
3000
6000
3000
3000
3000
2000-3400
3000
5000
5000
6000
3200
6000
4500
3000
5000
6000
2500-3000
3000
5000-5500
5500
5500—7700
5500
5000-5500
3500
4000-6000
3500
5000
3500
3500
3200
6200
3000
4000-5000
6000
3000
2000-3400
5000-6000
(+++ +:
BE
| Polynesia.
Australia.
New
Zealand.
South
America.
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 121
B. Lower Mountain Zone (continued).
A 3 : $ - : ‘ :
3 s| 2 5, : pls Altitudes el, 5l E 5 t £
| EI i| wc ERA
| - =e] 3 = P | a = | 3 - E]
| lila Sie ja ae 2| 315" 18
feet,
*Myrioneuron borneense ...... 3000 Pia
*Urophyllum lineatum........ 5500
+ ssholfohut 1... ds 4B Los. ded xls ee 6000
*Ixora kinabaluensis ........ ce Pee O ee ome 5000
*Pavetts IDA. s eee v. os fel be A aT 6000 —— | Pics
*Psychotria gyrulosa ........ 2| TE sx Pon ] as oe 3200
*—— iteophylla ............ e psat ao o 3500
*Streblosa urticina .......... oa aan ee Paul]. 3200
*Gertnera rufinervis ........ eC 3 : ~ 6000
DAMA gracilis ...... ¿os cod e EA p ee 3500
*Lasianthus kinabaluensis ....] .. | .. | .. | ~ ~ 3000-3200
> membranaceus ........ io bie bu po 3000-5000
Pratia borneensis .......... óc E PEL A O ee O 3000 i o
*Pentaphragma aurantiacum .. . rg mer Gan 6000 ~
MOM EE Lucre emo D s 3000
x pachydermum ........ ~ 5500-10,500
bé micrantherum ........ es Duuobe€9 qs 3500
*Diplycosia pinifolia ........ es a ee O eee ere 3500
x T ae Leere EEE Oe) aa ee | 5000
* Ns oes i eas a ec a ux ee Dea ee Dua 6000
> memecyloides ........ O UR O O 6000
Rhododendron crassifolium .. — | — 5000 ~
* stenophyllum.......... ~ | 5000-8000
* durionifolium ........ s ~| + 4000-7000 | —
* A uev alo e ju 3500
Leucopogon malayanus ...... es A Ee re re a oe y 5500 Ux NUS oe
Mus TOI. Se i. ca ee titit] +t: + 4000-5000 :
Myrsine, ep: ii a ere ae 5500
Labisia pothoina .......... D. Pu Oe rae wate ee ee 3000-4000
*Embelia pheadenia ........ O Ga ee ee a eee 6000 ~
*Ardisia 00Carpa ¿id as pa O Se Ty ee Pa 3000
* brachythyria si 5.3745 MPs. Fie 3000
virens ¿UD wire tees Pa 3500
hd amabilis... ... a e i DuplIw Pf l-.]và 6000
oxyphyllá .. sss s porke talad TT 5000
villos Roc C RR Cds : + it 4500
Diospyros, Sp. .....-..+...- e wi 3000
VIE enh b ace cogs E s bol sena Ie Me 3000
*Symplocos adenophylla ...... ex du . |.. {| +| +] 5500-7000
» leteumdiá A sc baba A ee Sees ON 4000
+ Johniane <.: es so hab. ee a 6000
Rauwolfia serpentina........ ow baa. ET tet BI 3000
Alyxis, 8D... -..i+....<...-e slaoda Fal: f~ 5000
Solanum biflorum .......... speu tititi t+t] +t 5000 + 1 de
Utricularia orbiculata ...... wb A, E fe Pe Le 1-4 5500
+ /Eschynanthus magnifica ....| .. | +». e J es |. [| 6000
*Dichrotrichum bracteatum ..| .. | .. |... | «+ |... | ee |... 5000
*Chirita areolata ...........- campa ds o dos 1. 5000-7000
Cyrtandra Burbidgei ........ PON O A O a ls 5000 |
pispa .......--..- fiber. Is. ; .|+ : 3000 |
*Strobilanthes galeopsis ...... bel foe er 5000-7000 ~ | |
*Premna cauliflora .......... ee ee O A [ee bee 3000-3200
*Clerodendron kinabaluense ..| .. | .. | ++ | +. | e |] 3200
Phlomis rugosa ............ AE T TIT 3500 +
Nepenthes Edwardsiana ....| +. | +. | +. | ++ | ++ | +> E 4000-9000 |
BE S ores S dqei:; o A ay 4000-7000 |
Peperomia candida .......... clu Tal. Pa Pd + 6000 |
Bu DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
B. Lower Mountain Zone (continued).
| | A £i El i
| 5 | z 3 > : E. S Altitudes on E n
| | E 3 | A > E E E 33 | E Kinabalu. = | E:
| a S |5|m|S| |A E
| 2...
| | | feet
Chloranthus brachystachyus ..| .. | +> + b | Fo m > + 6000
"Lee CORUNNOTS.. i... 6. so e a Far ke bmw pe 5000
Ti A uv POS |. l1 < | m~ 3000 ~
Helicia erratica ............ ho WEIL I491i:1-]i 5000 ~~
*Glochidion tenuistylum ...... o Ao a 4000
Baccaurea lanceolata ........ + | + 3000
Antidesma auritum ........ |l OUI I Ir 4- 4000
*Claoxylon pauciflorum ...... pe ea ce e ee Ee 3000 |
Acalypha caturus .......... pee teed ee O A l1 3000 | pe
Laportea stimulans ........ + | + 5000 +
EMA ee ep ee ee e» — | — 3000 ~
"Pila plerocaubs. i-o. ss. e ~ ~ 3000 |
* crassifolia ........:. oe ee eee ee 3000 |
*Elatostemma lineare ........ wc td A E RR AO bee 5000
*-——Lowii..... ies tas e n aa a 5000 vac] the
* ibuBelrddes ii... MN ios Ive] oS Poe dae 5000 ao
Burmannia longifolia........ ++ 5000 vr
S DENM ce. UMS ol lcm ce ee bee ES 3200
Mierostylis calophylla ...... a pe lm] e 3000
*Platyclinis corrugata ........ a A ees kh 5500
Oo mosgehum 1. Fil oo beet es lel. 6000
* Dennett {ee seep hl Bae bt HO ee o 6000
IN EU (neum ....| Po Te bet | ee b ele 5500
BE NOE ue rede 4- 6000
* angustifolia ........ de v 6000
fenior so ilias ES 6000
Spathoglottis aurea ........ lus ld ee A NECEM NL MC 4000
*Calanthe ovalifolia .......... pe ee tl oe bes A f ee 3000
*Bromheadia rigida .......... PPTPS Ta =a 6000
* Appendicula congesta ...... ak ek Done bat hee 4000
NN A A A el en bee fee pf ae 5000
POCA Lowi .......... LET LI IVOIST EIS 5000—5500
%Aletris DA. 3... <oub + | 5500-7700
Cmar ORO ¿cl Ot. ER + ++ 3000 E
leucophylla .......... 4j ese Oe ke Boos ane ae. ee 5500 ^r
Dianella ensifolia .......... sper. li A he oe a ie 5500-8000 + +
TE anlon Rookeranam E A Po) a IA A oe 5500-7700
*Cladium samoense .......... ss PR eU O we ES) 5500
*__. borneense ............ : 4 5000
Scheenusmelanostachyus ....| .. | .. | .. | .. | .. «|... | 5500-11,000 TuS QUE
‘Miscanthus sinensis ........ ee OR Sb Bee SE wn tee 5000 = |
BEGIN TR. discere eros ELIGO I1 3 3000
Gleichenia circinata ........ : : + iw E 500010500 1 ...| ..
Hymenophyllum dilatatum ..| .. | ..| 4 |... | +) 4+ 5000-7000 tit
Trichomanes rigidum........ a ee ee ee 5000-7000 E
—— apiifolium ............ ; RI Pfi 6000 TE
D iden... s| + | +] 5000-6000 | + | +
GL O | ps + | + | 5000-6000
—trichophyllum ........ a : E + | + | 5000-6000 +
Lindsaya jamesonioides ...... Fo am ell 5500-9000
s fiapeltuiate 25 ¢- 2.2... os i ws de el ar a ee s +
um borneense........ s tl | + 2000-3200
—dichotomum ..........| . x + 3000-5000
—— biseriale ............ i. x v DS oy 2 ^s 3000
Pl atf «0.2.2... T Oe e e +
oc lunul: : | ee re ie wh as o 3500 + +
eM : a c. ee oe
|
Zealand.
South
Malaya.
America.
New
Polynesia,
Australia.
|
|
d
+++
+ +++++
++:
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 123
B. Lower Mountain Zone (continued).
| |
E F E S 3 | 1 E | d | S z TÚ g
© s| 2 ^ 3 m ee Altitudes on = es ae ai 5
arai $|1 i43 i| x [Ej iii
a Srl G F > | © = |a = E 3
à | A|B S5 EI kia M
| feet. | |
Acrostichum bieuspe ........ 4 4000-8000 |..| + |
Schizea malaccana.......... be een + 5000 + |
Lycopodium serratum ...... +i +i + +|+ 4000 +.) | + |
Selaginella caulescens ...... E gee, e T de] 3000 +] + |
WY OWE un ss ace ds E +|+ +| + 3000 ot +
Dicranum assimile.......... jw. + 6000
Campylopns oxasperatiis: . 22.) . Prol da peck Rb lx 3200-9000 ee ron EON
Eucamptodon edentulus...... 6s Da ae A Ee I 5000
a pe in A E i | es | ee A ee ek 6000 +
*Schlotheimia splendida ...... A were ge rien a 5000
Mnium rostratum .......... st Wht ee Toe Meh ea ees 5000
Pogonatum macrophyllum .... + 6000 |
Taxithelium Dubyanum...... + 5000 +
*Mniodendron microloma 9s 6000 |
Kortabl........ SEU + 5000 +]
Hypnodendron Reinwardtii .. + 6000 +
Rhacopilum spectabile ...... Tu RT a es + 6000 +
Plagiochila tenuis .......... Pied TG. E dd 6000 | +
Chiloseyphus aselliformis .. E Lu. + 5000 | 5e
Mastigobryum, sp..:........ Aq epa. ref]. 6000 | |
Lepidozia Wallichiana ...... A Powe bee a 6000 | | |
Trichocolea tomentella ...... e a a aaae a gee 6000 | | |
! | : 4 a
C. Uprer MovNTAIN Zone (from 6000 to 10,500 feet).
E A E A É Altitudes on E e| i8 E E
36 3 (a Sie a AS a +54
feet.
Drimys piperita ......,.. a Gobladealcoctl- 6600-11,000 | + | + ~
*Ternstremia Lowii ........ e dkisdolu. l1 perte 9200
* Adinandra verrucosa ........ 8000
*Saurauja actinidiifolia ...... 7000
Schima brevifolia .......... 8000-11,000
*Eleocarpus sericea .......... 8800
Hex spicata «oi an 1000
> vacciniifolia .....-.. ¿4 on
Microtropis ramiflora........ ^
*Rhus borneensis ....... 46s e. ear eas
*Pygeum oocarpum .......... "ia
pee - ooo tn
—— alpestris.............. + í
lea 2100 E + 10,500
*Polyosma Hookeri .......... e ae
bi bracteosa... 0d
7000-13,000
Leptospermum recurvum .... ij 770 "a
avaniowm sser sisia :
*Myrtüs avida inse E
*Tristania bilocularis ........ iid
*Eugenia kinabaluensis ...... : FER
x Myrtillus ...........-
124 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
C. Upper Mountain Zone (continued).
| Australia.
- Sl d E dl d
5 sl. > > r Altitudes on NP
E E a S, pi ^i B l3 4 E Kinabalu. E > 4 =
ALES] 3 | 2| 2 Bal E a jsa >
Aa O a) BE. ra & |< A
feet.
*Sonerila crassiuscula ........ E desi ~|r~ 9000
*Medinilla stephanostegia ....| .. | .. | .. | ~ c.i. Ge 7600
*Begonia Burbidgei .........- HUP E... pa dx] oe 7600
*Trachymene saniculefolia ....| .. | .. | ..« | | | ee | onn 7000-13,000 | ..
, *Hedyotis pulchella .........- EURAS IL. Tuan d e ds 7000-9000 PES
| * macrostegia .......... ales LL. ds 12. P= §..8000-12,000 | ~
| *Lucinwa pentaeme ........-. CTE aR SPs Oe es O ben 6600
‘beer OPIO Fi Se > PUM wc E A ae oe 7000
| *Urophyllum cyphandrum ....| .. | .. |. |... |... || 7800
| * longidens ..........+- Pewee A O ae 7600
* sobsburum A ee ca a 1 s 15 pow 10,500
| *Psychotria densifolia ........ 800] Tu bun ie] e . 8000
PELadanthus GUNCUPDS ion ce] so PX]. E be fee | ee 7600
* WENA orones c HDI Tus. 1515] «34 8300
Nertera depressa .......... A bad ee A 10,500 + + ies
Coprosma crassicaulis........ A ga tee ed 10,500 Md DI QE
Vaccinium coriaceum........ ro a a ee 9000
ee os ue T. 1.1. Iw] /900-11,600
De exditolum ceo > Sy ee A we A A 8800-9000
* pachydermum ..... EET GOAT WI... TA l1] 5500-10,500
O E A O we 8800
*Diplycosia ehrysothrix ...... E eee aa te pel 6600
| * ——— rufa Wd eae». Bee si. T eee ais £x Us oe e's ~ ~ 7500-8000
#52 kinabaluensis ......... A rd 4v 12] 10,906-32,000
oos ae ee errem ty: as CONES GN uel... 6000-8000
LO A t o Se ace beh a oe 7600
punctulata............ be a Na T= S 7000
* cinnamomifolia EMO UE ET I.I Lua bel 8000—9000
"cou SEE M à ke T ca 8700
Bhododendron INE... i —|—]| 8000-10,0000 | — | +
Brookesnum .......... oe 7800
—stenophyllum ........ ~ 5000-5000
—— pügosum ....... ara pro ados le be 000 10,000
acuminatum ... ...... Seah eee ane ge Pees 6000-8000 ~
durionifolium ........ A oe owl T 4000-7000 iss
verticillatum ........... SL Tu. Pus pua doas Bo 8000-11,500
* cuneifolium .......... ep een Gee Son ~ 7000 we
MANO iia ees i» — | 8000-10,500 | —
Leucopogon suaveolens ......| .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | # | 7000-13,000 | +
Myrsine capitellata ........ bhai. dd t Ab LA bo 99015500
| *Embelia tortuosa .......... RI . 8800
MM OTACA coc cc cc ke ks ; * : s tel s+ 7600-8800
| *—— minutifolia .......... SP TS. e 8500 zen
A Dna javanica .....<....4. i v Tc .. 8800
| Symplocos adenophylla ...... Aube. i dee Fe eek 9900-7000
| ——zizypheides .......... e ETT. laa 10,500
|*—— deflexa .............. VIE eee ee Ie 8800
Als beta AAN ; 3 +|+ 7500
Gentiana borneensis ........ ai foe bs [lere] 7500
*Euphrasia borneensis........ : TORT S buelocR 0000-12000 f. i.
_Dichrotrichum asperifolium Paaa + | + | 8000-10,500 |... | +
*Didymocarpus areolatus. . . a Al. | oe | ow | | 000-7000
- Cyrtandra Clarkei .......... spat fel ejs» 10,500
*Strobilanthes galeopsis ......| .. | .. | +. | e+ | ee | ee fee 5000-7000 i
Nepenthes Lowii o Pe pe | ee] ee 6000-8000
O o ee ee 7000-9000 f`
- Moni eed 3i : 4000-9000
Zealand.
New
America.
¡ South
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Nepenthes Rajah ..........
BB ee
| Libseea zeylanica............
CO ss
| *Loranthus sabaensis ........
* CONO i... es
Daphniphylum borneense ..
Bai AO
* kinabaluensis ........
o AAA
Elatostemma bulbothrix ....
*Quercus Havilandii ........
*Castanopsis turbinata........
EPIA O II A
*Dendrobium kinabaluense ....
*Bulbophyllum catenarium ....
» COMIC o... .-
> ce senate Ae ee nee
+Eria ee eee
*Nephelaphyllum latilabre ....
Calanthe parviflora ........
*Coelogyne papillosa ........
*Habenaria borneensis ......
*Patersonia borneensis........
*Aletris foliolosa ............
* in Se i UMEN
UUM MEV Co cai ks
| Dianella ensifolia ..........
| *Erioeaulon Hookerianum .
| *Cladium samoense ..........
Schcenus melanostachyus ....
Carex hypsophila ..........
ihana 5. ecu
Isachne Kunthiana ........
| *Deyeuxia epileuca ..... usd
| Phyllocladus hypophylla ....
Dacrydium elatum..........
VE Qoo eee cero à
Podocarpus cupressina ......
Gleichenia circinata ........
| *Cyathea polypoda ..........
* Hanlandd. cc
Hymenophyllum dilatatum
*Trichomanes microchilum ....
PUAN fo ees es e
APON es eee. .
Davallia contigua ..........
VOM) cr
—— alpina ........;--...
Lindsaya jamesonioides......
Pteris mosa a toi odo
Asplenium-laserpitiifolium
*Nephrodium gymnopodum....
Polypodium soridens ........
TEAVOADON 7. ¿eos
enéulatem: $
becuase os:
*
€. Upper Mountain Zone (continued).
Regions.
Japan.
hina,
Indo-China.
Boreal
Himalaya.
Ceylon,
| C
Altitudes on
Kinabalu.
|
de eee SS
DB:
D:
: +++:
DT:
DE +t:
+++4+4: 4:
.
.
i a ee e o o I:
: ++:
A
++: +: ++
++:
feet.
4000-7000
6000-9000
8000
8000
9000-11,000
6500
10,000-11,000
7600
8000
8800
10,000
9000— 10,500
8500
8000
10,500
7000
6500
10,500
8000
10,000-12,000
6500
eee on s
5500-7700
8000-11,500
7800
5500-8000
5000-7700
5500-11,000
5500-11,000
10,000
10,500
8000
10,500
8000-12,000
6600
8000-11,000
6600-11,000
5000-10,500
7000
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
Philippines.
Polynesia.
| Australia,
++
:++++ +
+i ++ +
+++++ +
++
+:
++
+ + ++
126 DE. O
LI
STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
C. Upper Mountain Zone (continued).
|
|
|
T | $i. , E ae ds ES ce
& I og a T x E ius Altitudes on 2x Fu gx E: É E
A 3:5 e$ 5]. - IE
a ¡Saja Sie ja Ala | £|3|4 8
| | feet. |
Polypodium stenophyllum. xe te +i + 10,500 + |
SRM es a T RTI + 10,500 | |
Vitara SUICALA 2... ck ie de ck NER ee UI ES 10,500 | + |
Acrostychium bicuspe ...... Sohn Sea | hs 4000-8000 | .. |.+ |
Lycopodium casuarinoides ..| . 8 | 4 |+ EL NEL 8700 +
-—— volubile ..... M pc M oe V por 8000 T. + +
pb dE otk} gh A 1-5 | ee 9000 |
*Sematophyllum panduriforme .| .. | .. | .. | .. |... | .. 6500
Schlotheimia rubiginosa ....) .. | .. | .. | .. 10,500 | |
D. Summrtt Zone (above 10,500 feet).
: Fus E 3 : E Sis d E E
lo ES 3 * m Altitudes on a 121 31% 315
solsa 4 o6 |e a e Kinabalu. > jae El E 3|<3g
m5 | 3/2 | PSA] E z ja] 3| 3 [EN | 3
Bud araoe I» Rd | hl] ala |2
feet.
EDDIE SOW Vau. llis da diu li: E0-12000] ..| — ~
Drimys piperita .......... £I | go do [Di dw 6600-1],000 | + | +. ma
Eurya reticulata ..........| .. | — | — | —|— | + | + {| 11,000-18,000 | ~ | ~ | ~ |
Schima brevifolia ..........| .. | :: | =|.. | .. | ~|~ | 8000-11,000 |
*Tlex revoluta c.. <... o... oa a a 11,000 o | |
Punts LIWE -ann la] po, |<] Se 9000 -13,000 |
Pues IER 54d. 1 1d 1—1-1.. 1000-18000 S |
OOM I e EVI TIVE qGEI..1.- 11,000 | |
*——— parvula ............ Eb See adan 11,000 | |
*Stranvesia integrifolia ......| .. | .. | ~ |=]. | .. | .. | 11,500-18,000 | | | |
Halranr O AA -. [3B | 8 Le O a 12,000 EN d o dba du.
Jeptospermum recurra J oo 1.1.1.1]... l1] 7000-13,000 | — ure |
“Eogena EDEN Lus ulus Pu o os 11,500
*Trachymene sánicolefoba -...| .. |... | .- 1 LE | 5. | .. |]. 47000-12000 | .. : ie en
“Hedyotie macrostegia: -= |.: Ja. fe ae a |>- ~ [| 80009-12000 | —
A AN See eee a 13,000 ln Oe! e Gane
11s Veena Duxifobum cosa. bre ay Ae: OOS Be
ae. A sed rg a eras 12,000 is Sad ome
NIV TOSS he boa a
jud Vertisifiaton | IW eE 800011500
uxifolium pede se ee Pee eee 12,000 |
r suaveolens ...... Sa ado a (000-15,000 EE | D b owe
-— CIR OI EST INIT SEHR [E FI 8900-1000 | -
BR Ves E n us i.d we | su | el A 11,000
Ta PAR E xo NP i x ro a = tea E 11,500 a
RAE QVO E Bley cat O 13,000
3c reer hoe, Beate eo | 000-11 500
Toole] 8000-12,000 bs e ges
T5121. 12,000-13,000 mW oe) ee
de į ~— | ~ | 9000-11,000 | ~ ^
—~|~]| .. | .. | 10,000-11,000 [|
4:54 33] 115000-129001 |
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 127
D. Summit Zone (continued).
T PI ; | BORA RB LS
2 343.1 SEM i El El gls | 3| 4|
ada dla] SHIRE iL
Peles) 2) B| elt] E a ita) >! 3d ió!
a B | Ajaj Sle | a Ela EaR |& |
feet, | | |
Myrica javanica ............ X p + | 4- | 11,000-11,500 | | | l
| *Platyclinis grandiflora ...... K | OAs A os RO oc 10,500 eg ee. |
des Cin a A ow doi d A op subi 11,000 |
*Balbopkyilum tuontensé ....[| «|... fae ed T. 11,000 | |
| Sree Oren a ec. E E | |
| *Aletris rigida .............. lalala WE I | |
| Scirpus inundatus .......... ede] quib fil 11,000 A A tiri
| * DNE is ie — | m cy -— | — ai 11,000 i
Schoenus apogon........... oe feos e fu. [4]. os HLLO00-13000 4... 1 215.044 |
| *Cladium samoense .......... fies Pst Dee e ove 1. 5500-11,000 f.. | .. + |
| MAE TORE ee os Pte Tn EPR FER 11,000 eC Pri A]
| CI Lise. + IMS gest 11,000 |
| Deschampsia flexuosa. .......| + i vi 13,000 aS
| Aprostg CANINE 66... ik oes + + és 13,000 (UIS. Lee E >
|! Phyllocladus hypophylla ... lis + | 8000-12,000 f.. |+|. | —- | —
, Podocarpus eupressina ...... TEES + | +] 06900-11000 | .. | .. | + |
| neriifolia ...... cie - | +] +t] t+] .. | +] + | 11,000-12,000 | + |
| Sr eer ws) d O a 11,000 | | |
| i e EET tlieta epe A 11,000 a aa
(o—— Wightianum .......... hb Lens 41 11,000 | |
| NEN uuu... Lila. law Peake PIA 11,000 | |
|: TA ii 11,500 | |
a O AO O | l.l so bine dies 11,500 | eat salt
a NNUS... ]..] .. [| .- ee [A .. 11,000 | | l F j]
| eHarrisonia alpina .......... Teedla des 2:450 IH $4
(On (1... fc O | ei fie bel 11,500 Lat |
ENUMERATION OF THE PLANTS COLLECTED ON MOUNT KINABALU,
WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.
RANUNCULACE.
RANUNCULUS Lowrr, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2261. Rhizoma breve, obliquum vel sub-
verticaliter descendens, fibrillis radicinis et fibris (foliorum emarcidorum residuis)
creberrime vestitum. Folia omnia basalia, 4-6, petiolo 1-7 poll. longo suffulta,
rotundata, majora 1-1} poll., minora interdum vix 3 poll longa lataque, ad 3
triloba, lobis brevibus, latis, apiculatis, integris vel 1-2-dentatis, supra pilis flavidis
adpressis, ut petiolus striguloso-hirsuta, subtus glabra. Pedunculi 1-4, seaposi, 4-8
poll. longi, aphylli, adpresse hirsuti. Sepala adpressa, ovato-lanceolata, 2-23 lin.
longa, obtusiuscula, margine membranacea, plus minusve hirsuta. Petala obovato-
oblonga, 4—5 lin. longa, 14 lin. lata, aurea, subtus rubro-venia, glabra, basi squamulé.
parva obtusá nectarium fovente instructa. . Acheenia numerosa, receptaculo hirsuto
insidentia, arcte congesta, oblique ovata, 1 lin. longa, subinflata, glabra ; stylus 4 lin.
longus, rostriformis, curvatus, apice involutus.
In moist sunny places, from 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1055).
Sir F. von Mueller described a very similar species from Mount Vietoria in New Guinea
under the name of R. amerophyllus (Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, vol. i. pt. ii. 1). I have
: s2
,
—————
128 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
not seen it, but it seems to differ chiefly in the narrower, comparatively longer, leaves and
the very dwarf habit. In any case both species are closely allied to, and representatives
of, a set of Ranunculus-species which inhabit Australia and Tasmania, and group round
the multifarious R. lappaceus, Sm. R. Lowii approaches most nearly in habit the variety
scapigerus of R. lappaceus (particularly certain forms from the highest parts of the
Australian Alps and the alpine region of Tasmania), and R. Muelleri, Benth., which,
however, differs very remarkably in the shape of the beak of the acheenium. So far
as I can see from Mueller’s description, R. ameroplyllus seems to come nearer to
R. lappaceus than the Kinabalu plant does.
MAGNOLIACE A.
Drimys PIPERITA, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 896; F. von Mueller, Trans. Roy. Soc.
Victoria, vol. i. pt. ii. 1.
From 6600 to 11,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178).
Distribution : New Guinea to the Philippines and Borneo.
The plant was found by Beccari in the Island of Amboina, and he says (* Malesia,’ i.
p. 18) itis probably the same species which he met with on the tops of almost all the
mountains he visited in that region, and at least no. 3235 of his Sarawak collection
belongs to it. It was discovered by Sir William Macgregor on Mt. Knutsford in
New Guinea, and I think there is hardly any doubt that specimens from the Philippines
(Vidal, no. 2280, from the district of Lepanto, North Luzon, and no. 3768, without
locality) must also be referred to D. piperita. This species is nearest allied to
D. dipetala, Y. Muell., a native of New South Wales.
ILLicrum, sp. Frutex. Rami juniores striato-angulati. Folia elliptica, 4-54 poll.
longa, 23 poll. lata, obtusa vel subacuminata, coriacea, nervis lateralibus primariis
7-8, 6-8 lin. distantibus. Pedicelli graciles, stricti, 14 poll. longi. Sepala ovato-
elliptica, obtusa, 3 lin. longa. Petala similia, latiora, 3-4 lin. longa. Stamina 9,
vix 2 lin. longa, filamentis oblongis vel ellipticis; antherarum loculi introrsi
subparalleli. Carpella 8-9; ovulum ex ima basi ortum.
Kinitaki, 4000 feet (Haviland, 1272).
As I have seen only a branch and two detached incomplete flowers I abstain from
giving this plant a specific name, the more so as the limitation even of the better known
species from Indo-China is still far from being satisfactory. In any case, the Bornean
plant certainly is closely allied to the continental species, perhaps most to 7. cambodianum,
Hance.
MICHELIA (?), sp.
Maripari Spur (Low).
There is only one branch with a flower-bud in the collection. I have not been able to
identify it with any of the Magnoliacee in the Kew Herbarium. Mr. Burbidge
also mentions a ** Magnolia" in one of his note-books. He found it in the same locality,
and describes it as possessing ovate and coriaceous leaves and flowers of 2-4 inches
diameter, of a yellow colour “inclining to fuscovs," and of the most delicious fragrance.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 129
It is no doubt the same plant as Sir Hugh Low’s. As the material is fragmentary, I
cannot go beyond the suggestion that it is more likely a species of Michelia.
ANONACE.
GONIOTHALAMUS DISPERMUS, Miq. (?), Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 34; Scheffer, Ann.
Jard. Bot. Buit. ii. 25.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1313).
Distribution: Borneo.
G. dispermus, so far asit is represented by a specimen of Miquel's in the Kew Herbarium
and by a specimen collected by Motley (no. 1127) near Banjermassin, resembles very
much G. malayanus, Hook. fil. & Th., but the flowers are twice or three times as large,
attaining 2-2; in., and golden yellow, not greenish. The plant from Kinabalu has
flowers of the same size, shape, and colour; the sepals and the leaves, however, differ
slightly. 'The former are much less hairy, and the outer ones are, except at the base,
almost glabrous outside. The difference in the nervation of the leaves is perhaps of
more importance. The nerves are very faint and, in leaves of equal length, less
numerous, 9—10 against 16-17 in the typical plant, and the transverse venation, which,
although very faint, can be distinctly seen in the South Bornean specimens, is almost
invisible in the Kinabalu plant, even when the leaves are held against the light.
Besides, the leaves of Haviland's plant are more suddenly contracted into the linear
blunt acumen. But, taking into consideration the variability of these characters in other
species which are better known, I doubt whether they are sufficient to separate the
North and the South Bornean plant specifically, and I the less venture to do so as the
material at hand consists only of three specimens.
GONIOTHALAMUS STENOPETALUS, Stapf, n. sp. Cortex ramorum floriferum griseo-bruneus,
ramulorum bruneus. Folia petiolo nigricante supra valde canalieulato robusto
4-5 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, 8-10 poll. longa, 21-3 poll.
lata, basi pæne rotundata, abrupte breviterque acuminata, coriacea, utrinque opaca
glabraque, nervis lateralibus primariis tenuibus, utrinque 13-16, arcuatis et in
triente exteriore valde prorsus ductis, supra subtusque prominulis, venulis laxe
anastomosantibus. Flores singuli, e trunco vel e ramis vetustis orti. Pedunculus
1-11 poll. longus, nutans, basin versus braeteolis 6-7 parvulis obsitus. Sepala
basi connata, triangularia, 3 lin. longa, acutiuscula vel subacuminata, glabrata.
Petala exteriora e basi ovatá longissime caudato-acuminata, 1-13 poll. longa, 2 lin.
lata, porrecta, glabrescentia vel pilis rufis adpressis, imprimis basin versus minute
strigillosa, uninervia; inferiora ovata, vix unguiculata, in marginibus albido-,
ezeterum rufo-puberula, ad 7 lin. longa, 3-33 lin. lata. Stamina numerosa, linearia ;
connectivum depressum, rhomboideum, minutissime papillosum. Ovaria numerosa,
glabra; stylus breviter rostriformis, incurvus; stigma truncatum, unilateraliter
scissum; ovulum basilare solitarium. Carpella matura globoso-ovata, 5 lin. longa,
stipite dimidio minore suffulta, monosperma.
Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1217).
130 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
G. stenopetalus is a very well-marked species, distinguished by the long and narrow
outer petals. It approaches most nearly G. macrophyllus, Hook. fil. & Th., a species
indigenous in Sumatra and Malacca.
GONIOTHALAMUS ROSEUS, Stapf, n. sp. Cortex ut in G. stenopetalo. Folia quoque consi-
millima, imprimis quoad nervationem, sed majora, pro ratione angustiora (113 poll.
longa, 2} poll. lata), ez:eterum valde variabilia, in ramulis novellis interdum vix 4 poll.
longa. Pedunculus 13-13 poll. longus, robustior. Sepala basi connata, late triangu-
laria, 3-4 lin. longa, acuta, glabrata. Petala exteriora rosea, e basi late unguiculatá
ovato-lanceolata, apicem versus longe attenuata, ad 23 poll. longa, 6-7 lin. lata, por-
recta, uninervia, fere glabra, crassiuscula; interiora ebasi indistincte unguiculatá ovata,
ad 10 lin. longa, ad 4-5 lin. lata, acuta, in marginibus parce albido-puberula, ceeterum
fere glabra, crassa. Stamina numerosa, linearia ; connectivum depresso-capitatum,
minutissime papillosum; antherarum loculi distantes. Ovaria numerosa, ovato-
oblonga, aureo-hirsuta, in stylum 2-3-plo longiorem, angulo fere recto curvatum
abeuntia ; stigma truncatum, unilateraliter fissum ; ovulum basilare, solitarium.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1312).
This plant is so very similar to G. stenopetalus in the vegetative parts that I should not
hesitate to refer it to that species but for the remarkably different flowers. These are twice
or three times as large, and have so different a shape that I cannot think this could be due
to a more advanced state; besides, they are much thicker and more fleshy.
MirrepHora MAINGAYI, Hook. fil. & Thoms. in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 77; King,
Mat. Fl. Malay Pen. no. iv. 86.
At 3000 feet, Dahombang River (Haviland, 1311). -
Distribution : From Malacca to South Burma, Java, and Borneo.
I refer this plant with some reluctance to M. Maingayi. The leaves are more
membranaceous and more glabrous than in any specimen I have seen of M. Maingayi.
On the other hand, the floral structure is the same, and the same venation of the
leaves may be found also in some of the specimens of JM. Maingayi of the Malay
Peninsula. Scheffer described a plant under the name of M. glabra (Ann. Jard. Bot.
Buit. ii. 20) from Selaboun in Borneo, which evidently is very similar to that from Kina-
balu; but there is nothing in the description that would not apply also to M. Maingayi,
at least in the broad sense in which it is understood by Dr. King. |
MELODORUM KINABALUENSE, Stapf, n. sp. Alte scandens, ramis pendulis. Ramuli
novelli pilis strictis, dense breviterque fulvo-tomentelli, demum glabrati, nigricantes.
Folia petiolo 4-5 lin. longo, supra vix suleato, fulvo-tomentello, deinde glabro
nigricante suffulta, oblongo-elliptica vel oblonga, 3$-4 poll. longa, 11-12 poll. lata,
basi rotundata, obtusa, acuta vel acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, supra brunea, in costa
strigillosa, ezeterum pilis minutis rigidis demum fere detritis obsita, subtus magis
olivaceo-viridia, ubique pilis rigidis adpressis minutis strigilloso-puberula, nervis
-~ lateralibus 10-13, sub angulo 40-45” ortis, apice valde prorsus curvatis, vix vero sub
margine anastomosantibus. Flores axillares, singuli. Pedunculus primo apice
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 151
nutans, sub anthesi strictus, 1 poll. longus, gracilis, fulvo-tomentellus, basi atque ad
medium vel supra vel basi tantum bracteolatus. Sepala vix connata, triangularia,
1-13 lin. longa, extus fulvo-tomentella. Petala exteriora ovata, 5-6 lin. longa, 3—4
lin. lata, obtusiuscula crassa, marginibus intus depressis, fere 1 lin. latis, extus pilis
adpressis densissime fulvo-subsericea, intus minute griseo-puberula; interiora
ovata, 2 lin. longa, acuta, valde convexa, extus griseo-fulvo-tomentella, intus
glabra. Stamina numerosa; filamenta brevissima; antherarum loculi contigui ;
connectivum glabrum, ovatum, apice inflexum. Ovaria numerosa, oblique ovoidea,
fulvo-hirsuta; stylus brevis; stigma pilis superatum; ovula 4 in serie unica.
Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1310).
This species is closely allied to Melodorum fulgens, Hook. fil. The indumentum is
exactly of the same character as in M. fulgens, but less shining on the outer petals.
VIOLACEJE,
VIOLA SERPENS, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Wall. ii. 449, and in DC. Prodr. i. 256;
Hook. fil. & Thoms. in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 184.
On the Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet ( Haviland, 1275).
Distribution : Throughout tropical Asia, except the Philippines and East Malaya;
temperate Himalaya.
According to Dr. Haviland the flowers are slightly scented and white, and the lip
streaked with violet. The leaves are perfectly glabrous, even in a young state, and the
stipules fimbriate. The valves of the mature capsule are about 4 lin. long; besides,
there is a capsule on Dr. Haviland's specimens which is globose and 23 lin. long. It
developed evidently from a cleistogamic flower. I think, if we take Y. serpens in the
broad sense of the *Flora of British India, we should include also V. distans, Wall.
'[he characters taken from the fruit are, in my opinion, reducible to heterocarpy, the
capsules derived from normal flowers being always more or less oblong, those from
cleistogamic flowers globose. A similar heteromorphy seems to exist with regard to the
shape of the stigma, as Hook. fil. & Thoms. have suggested. But, apart from this, it is not
unlikely that several species of close affinity are included in V. serpens, taken in this
broad sense. Yet it seems to me quite hopeless to decide that question from dry
material only. In any case, it is evident that one species—if not several nearly
related species—is spread from the temperate region of the Himalaya and from South
China all over the mountain-region of the Western and Eastern Peninsula, of Ceylon
and Malaya, and that this species, or this group of species, is most closely allied
to forms which are typically Boreal.
POLYGALACE.E.
POLYGALA VENENOSA, Juss. in Poir. Dict. v. 493.
On the Tampassuk River near Kiau, from 2000 to 3400 feet (Low, Haviland, 1349).
Distribution : West Malaya to the Philippines.
132 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
HYPERICIN E Æ.
HYPERICUM MUTILUM, Linné, Spec. Plant. ed. I. 717.—Confer Maximowicz, in Bull. Ac.
Sc. St. Pétersb. xi. 171.
In buffalo pastures at Kiau, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1331).
Distribution: Japan ; Central and South China ; India and Ceylon ; Sumatra (Beccari,
867), Java and Borneo; New Zealand and Tasmania; Madagascar; North and South
America.
A weed, probably of American origin.
CRATOXYLON POLYANTHUM, Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch., Bot. 175, t. xxxvi.
Tawaran River, alt. 1500 feet (Haviland, 1386).
Distribution : Malaya to South Burma, South China, and the Philippines.
GUTTIFER.E.
GARCINIA HaviLANDII, Stapf, n. sp. Ramuli subtetragoni, brunnei, lenticellis minutis
striolati. Folia petiolo circa 4 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel ovato-elliptica, 41-6
poll. longa, 2-25 poll. lata, basi breviter lateque cuneata, apice abrupte in acumen
obtusum lineare 3 poll. longum contracta, supra olivaceo- vel obscure viridia, subtus
pallidiora, nervis numerosissimis teneris, utrinque distinctis, subhorizontalibus,
43 lin. distantibus. Flores masculi in cymulis paucifloris axillaribus dispositi;
pedunculi 1-13 lin. longi; pedicelli circa 2 lin. longi, bracteis minutis suffulti.
Sepala 4, decussata, exteriora 2 rotundato-ovata, 2 lin. longa; interiora rotunda,
valde convexa, duplo longiora. Petala 4, imbricata, rotunda, 13 lin. longa, alba.
Stamina numerosissima, in phalangis 4 late rotundatis basi connatis; antherze
subsessiles, subgloboss, coacervatee, rima apicali vel (in inferis) longitudinali
dehiscentes. Ovarium rudimentarium pileiforme, stipite phalangas :equante vel
superante, disco integro lato, circa stylum rudimentarium brevissimum leviter
impressum.
On the Tampassuk River, near Kiau (Haviland, 1379).
The floral structure is almost the same as in G. merguiensis, Wight, but the leaves
are much larger and show a different venation. As the Kew Herbarium possesses all
the types of Pierre's new species of Garcinia from Borneo, and nearly all the other
Malayan species which possibly might come under consideration, and as I am not able to
identify the plant from Kiau with any one of them, I do not hesitate to describe it as a
new species, though the material is not perfect. It belongs to the section Discostigma,
Pierre, a group of distinctly Malayan origin with a feeble outlier in Ceylon.
'TERNSTRGMIACE E.
TERNSTREMIA Lowrr Stapf, n. sp Frutex dioicus. Ramuli crassi, cortice griseo,
exsiccato valde rugoso et irregulariter sulcato. Folia subverticillata, petiolo 3 poll.
longo crasso suffulta, oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, 2-5 poil. longa, 1-2 poll. lata,
basi cuneata, rotundato-obtusa vel subemarginata, valde coriacea, rugulosa, supra
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 135
castanea, plerumque nitidissima, nervis valde obliquis indistinctis utrinque 5-7, subtus
opaca, pallidiora, enervia. Mas: Pedicelli (juveniles) 3 lin. longi, crassi, recurvi,
sub ipso flore bibracteati; bractese ovate, carinatze, crassee, 1 lin. longs. Sepala
rotundata, crasse coriacea, valde convexa, interiora 3 lin. longa. Petala obovato-
rotundata, tenuiter membranaceo-marginata, vix 4 lin. longa. Stamina numerosa,
polyadelphia; anthere 1-1} lin. longw, lineari-oblongw, filamentorum partem
liberam sequantes vel breviores; connectivum minutissime apiculatum vel haud
productum, obtusum. Femina: Fructus pedicello incurvo 5-6 lin. longo suffultus,
basi sepalis persistentibus valde coriaceis majoribus vix 3 lin. longis cireumdatus,
globosus, coriaceus, 6 lin, dimetiens; loculi 2; semina 4-6 in utroque loculo,
oblonga, triquetra, 24 lin. longa.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1262 g ), alt. 9000 feet (Haviland, 1129 g ;
Low, 2).
Ternstreemia Lowii is nearest allied to T. bancana, Miq. (Adinandra bancana, King),
and T. coriacea, Scheffer, but distinguished from both by the generally very shiny veinless
leaves, which in a dry state often look as if they were varnished ; from the former also by
the more terete and comparatively slender branches and the recurved and more slender
pedicels; and from the latter by the smaller and very thick sepals, by more globose and
smaller berries and more numerous and smaller seeds with acute angles.
ADINANDRA EXCELSA, Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 109, t. xviii.
On the Tampassuk River near Kiau, alt. 2000 feet ( Haviland, 1373).
Distribution: Borneo.
A. excelsa comes very near to A. acuminata, Korth., particularly as this is represented
by Korthals's type; but it differs, in my opinion, sufficiently in the venation of the leaves,
especially in the very characteristic marginal arching of the nerves.
ADINANDRA VERRUCOSA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2266. Arbor parva. Rami crassi,
nigrescentes, demum pallidiores, glaberrimi, mox lenticellis pallidis prominentibus
verrucosi. Folia subdisticha, petiolo crasso supra acute sulcato 3-4 lin. longo
suffulta, elliptica, 5-6 poll. longa, 23-3 poll. lata, obtusa, emarginata, sspe sub
apice paulo contracta, valde coriacea, glaberrima, costá supra leviter sulcatá subtus
valde prominente et bisulcatá, nervis lateralibus circa 15 inconspicuis. Pedicelli
axillares, fasciculati 3 vel 2 vel solitarii, crassi, recurvi, 3-4 lin. longi, basi bracteis
ovatis carinatis adpresse pilosis instructi, apice bracteolas 2 late rotundato-ovatas
margine minute pubescente excepto glabras gerentes. Calyx braeteolis arcte
approximatus, sepalis rotundis 3—4 lin. latis coriaceis membranaceo-marginatis,
margine puberulo-ciliato excepto glabris. Petala rosea, e basi breviter lateque
unguiculata late eliptica, 7 lin. longa, 4-5 lin. lata. Stamina numerosa, basi
connata; filamenta linearia; antherz lineari-lanceolate, in dorso argenteo-sericeze
apiculate. Ovarium glabrum, ovato-globosum, sensim in stylum integrum, 6-7 lin.
longum abiens. Fructus circa 4 lin. dimetiens. Semina subreniformia, nitida,
castanea, punctulata, 3-3 lin. longa.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1101).
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
134 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
A very well-marked species, distinguished by the verrucose branches, the large thickly
coriaceous leaves, the short thick pedicels, and the large flowers.
EURYA RETICULATA, Korth. Verh. nat. Gesch. Bot. 118.
From 11,000 to 13,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1067).
Distribution: High mountains of the Malay Archipelago from Sumatra to Borneo.
The Kinabalu plant agrees perfectly with the type specimens of Æ. reticulata and
E. coneocarpa, Korth., which I find are exactly the same. The stems of Haviland’s
specimens are covered with a thick coat of Capnodium elongatum, Berk. et Desm.
SAURAUJA FEROX, Korth. Verh. nat. Gesch. Bot. 132, t. xix.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1333).
Distribution: Malaya, from Sumatra to the Philippines (?).
I refer to this species also Motley, 332, from Banjermassin, Beccari, 1021, from
Sarawak, 95 and 131 from Mt. Singalang in Sumatra, and a specimen of Korthals,
named ** Saurauja singalensis, Korth.," and, though with some reluctance, a specimen of
Cuming, 1712, from Samar in the Philippines. The specimens from Mt. Singalang differ
but slightly in the more copious indumentum of the leaves. S. ferox is closely allied to
S. Reinwardtiana, Bl., from Java, and S. hirsuta, Bl., from Celebes, and it is very probably
identical with S. tewensis, Korth., and perhaps also with S. sakoembangensis, Korth.,
both from South Borneo. S. Reinwardtiana differs chiefly in the larger bracts, which
are very much reduced in S. ferox, a character of apparently little importance, and by
the more delicate venation, which, however, is of almost exactly the same structure. If
S. ferox and S. Reinwardtiana should indeed prove to be only forms or varieties of one
species, the name S. Reinwardtiana would stand as the older. A type specimen of
S. tewensis, Korth., for which I am indebted to Dr. Boerlage of Leyden, agrees almost
perfectly with the specimen from Kinabalu so far as the foliage and the branches are
concerned. But the only imperfect flower which is still attached to the branch is
smaller, and the calyx clothed with a more paleaceous covering.
SAURAUJA AMENA, Stapf, n. sp. Arbor parva. Ramuli pallidi, fusco-strigillosi, et
preterea squamulis -lanceolato-subulatis adpressis conspersi. Folia petiolo indu-
mento consimili vestito 10-14 lin. longo suffulta, obovato-elliptica, 5-6 poll. longa,
21-3 poll. lata, basi acuta, breviter acuminata, spinuloso-serrulata, supra setulis rufis
adpressis strigillosa, obscure brunnea, subopaca, subtus in nervis strigillosa, in venulis
hirsutiuscula, pallida; nervis lateralibus primariis angulo 45° ortis, utrinque 11-12,
41-6 lin. inter se distantibus, marginem versus valde prorsus ductis, nervis secun-
dariis tertiariisque supra indistinctis, infra distinctis, tenuibus, nonnullis inzequalibus
e costá angulo 60-80”, rarius 90° ortis, leviter prorsus flexis in mediá vid ad
marginem vel prius cum venulis e nervis primariis ortis anastomosantibus, venulis
prope marginem subrectis, vix 1 lin. inter se distantibus. Inflorescentia axillaris,
cymosa, bracteata. Pedunculus petiolum zequans vel brevior, ut pedicelli subpatule
. vel adpresse strigosus. Bractez ovate vel lanceolate, majores ad 4 poll.
. longæ, structura indumentoque foliorum. Pedicelli sub anthesi 3-4 lin. longi,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 135
apice spe incurvi. Sepala basi connata, insequalia, exteriora 3 rotundato-ovata,
6 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata, obtusa vel subacuta, extus densissime setis hirsutulis
incurvo-patulis vestita, intus glabra, interiora 2 subpetaloidea, oblonga, 5 lin. longa,
2 (in. lata. Petala alba, ex ungue circa 5 lin. longo 34 lin. lato cordata; lamina
53 lin. longa, 6-7 lin. lata, sinu angusto. Stamina numerosa, basi connata;
filamentorum pars libera antheris vix 1 lin. longis brevior. Ovarium glabrum,
hemispheericum, triloculare ; styli filiformes 3.
Near Kiau, alt. 2500 feet ( Haviland, 1361).
Saurauja amena belongs to the group of S. feroz, but its flowers are larger than in
any one of the allied species. The venation of the leaves is very similar to that of S. seti-
gera, Korth., and particularly a specimen collected by Beccari in Sumatra, at Ajer Mantjoer
in Padang, 715; but these differ in the size as well as in the indumentum of the
flowers. à
SAURAUJA ACTINIDIIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Ramuli squamulis lanceolatis primo dense
vestiti, mox vero glabrati, pallidi. Folia petiolo indumento consimili vestito 8-9
lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel subovata, 3-44 poll. longa, 11-2 poll. lata, basi
subrotunda vel vix acuta, acuminata, setuloso-serrulata, supra setulis brevissimis
aspersa vel glabrata, subopaca, obscure brunea, subtus in costá squamulis iis petioli
similibus, in nervis squamulis vel setulis minutis adpressis laxe vestita, pallida, nervis
lateralibus angulo 45° ortis subrectis, sub ipso margine prorsus curvatis, utrinque 10-
14, 3-31 lin. inter se distantibus, venulis transversis subtus ob colorem obscurum valde
conspicuis, vix 1 lin. a sese remotis, numerosis, angulo 50°—60° ortis, subsigmatoideis.
Flores axillares, solitarii. Pedicelli graciles, 9-12 lin. longi, laxe squamulosi, sub
medio bracteolá ovatá muniti. Sepala ima basi connata, insequalia, exteriora 3
rotundato-ovata, 4 lin. longa, 3 lin. lata, acuta vel obtusiuscula, extus paleis
lineari-subulatis hirsutulis adpressis lave vestita, intus glabra, interiora 2 angus-
tiora, oblonga, obtusa, extus paleis perpaucis obsita. Petala et stamina ignota.
Ovarium (semimaturum) subglobosum, sepalis persistentibus superatum ; styli 5
filiformes.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1232).
The leaves are very like those of Actinidia strigosa, Hook. fil. & Th., whence the
specific name. A very distinct species of the group of S. Reimwardtiana, Blume, well
characterized by the paleaceous indumentum, the delicate but conspicuous venation, and
the very much reduced inflorescence.
SCHIMA BREVIFOLIA, Baillon, Hist. des Plantes, iv. 254 (adnot.); Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl.
t. 2264.—Syn. Gordonia brevifolia, Hook. fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxiii. 162.
From 8000 to 11,000 feet (Low ; Haviland, 1126, 1127).
Sir Joseph Hooker has pointed out that “the capitate central receptacle of the
capsule agrees with Blume's character of Reinwardt's genus Schima.” S. brevifolia is
allied to S. Noronhe, Reinw., but it may easily be recognized by the stunted growth, the
small and crowded leaves, and the larger flowers.
T 2
136 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU
MALVACE.
HIBISCUS ABELMOSCHUS, Linné, Spec. Plant. ed. I. 696.
In rice-fields at Kiau, among long grass and reeds (Burbidge).
Distribution : Tropical Asia and Africa; cultivated also in Tropical America.
From a fine coloured sketch by Mr. Burbidge.
STERCULIACE.E.
STERCULIA TRANSLUCENS, Stapf, n. sp. Ramuli pube rigidulà patulà et insuper pilis
longioribus sparsis vestiti, fulvo-brunei. Folia petiolo 6-10 lin. longo, indumento
ramulorum consimili vestito, sub apice subito incrassato suffulta, oblonga vel
oblongo-lanceolata, 3-5 poll. longa, 2-11 poll. lata, basi acuta, acuminata, integra,
utrinque glaberrima, nitidula vel supra tandem opaca, membranacea, translucida,
nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-8 valde prorsus ductis, subtus prominulis. Racemi in
axillis foliorum superiorum, 3-4 poll. longi, graciles, pilis patulis rufis hirsuti.
Flores 3-5, fasciculati in axillis bractearum lineari-lanceolatarum. Pedicelli 3-14
lin. longi, hirsuti. Calyx oblongo-tubulosus, patule hirsutus; tubus circa 3 lin.
longus, 14 lin. latus ; lobi lanceolato-subulati, conniventes, 2 lin. longi. Anthere
vix 10 in apice columnee 13 lin. longee arcte congestee.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1196). ;
S. translucens belongs to the section Eu-Sterculia and is nearest allied to S. gracilis,
Korth., S. rubiginosa, Vent., S. ensifolia, Mast., and still more nearly to an unnamed
species which was collected at Penang by C. Curtis (no. 526). But the calyx-tube is longer
in S. translucens than in any one of them, and almost of exactly the same shape as in an
undescribed species from Sarawak (Beccari, 1057), which, however, differs totally in the
leaves.
TILIACEA.
TRIUMFETTA RHOMBOIDEA, Jacq. Select. Am. 147, t. xc.
On the banks of the Kadamaian River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1354).
Distribution: Throughout the Tropics of both hemispheres, particularly in Asia and
Africa, generally as a weed.
TRIUMFETTA SUFFRUTICOSA, Blume, Bijdr. 113.
On the Kadamaian River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1348).
Distribution: Malay Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Louisiades (introduced ?).
This plant was originally described from specimens collected in Java. Later on it
was found by Riedel in Timor-laut and by R. B. Comins in the Solomon Islands, and
there are also specimens from the Louisiade Archipelago (Voy. of ‘Rattlesnake,’ 467) in
= the Kew Herbarium. It is very closely allied to T. pilosa, Roth, from which it differs in
the very scanty tomentum of the leaves, which is limited to a few single hairs on the nerves
_ beneath and to single or poorly fasciculated hairs above, and in the longer peduncles.
. The bristles of the capsule are either glabrous or ciliate. 7. subhirtella, Miq., from
Java, and T. graveolens, Blume, from Java, and according to Miquel from Timor, belong
. evidently also to T. suffruticosa. The specimens from Timor, collected by Riedel, have
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 137
partly glabrous fruit-bristles, as they are described to be in Triumfetta graveolens ;
thus at least I understand the term “ nudis ” in Blume's diagnosis.
ELAOCARPUS SERICEUS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Acronodia.) Frutex. Rami glabri, juniores
superne densissime foliati, vetustiores cortice obscure cinereo. Folia obovato-
lanceolata, cuneatim in petiolum 2-3 lin. longum attenuata, 1-13 poll. longa, 3 poll.
lata, obtusa, obtuse crenata, setis deciduis crenis impositis, coriacea, supra primo
adpresse albo-sericea, demum plus minusve glabrata, subtus tenuissime denseque
subaureo-sericea, indumento tandem albescente, nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-8 subtus
tantum distinctis, reticulatione tenui prominulà. Stipule subulato-lanceolate, 2-3
lin. longe. Racemi 1-13 poll. longi, pauciflori; rhachis subaureo-sericea; pedicelli
2 lin. longi; bracteze subulate. Sepala 4 ovata, acuta, sericeo-velutina, 2 lin. longa.
Petala 4 oblonga, basi paulo constricta, apice dentibus 7-8 breviter linearibus.
Stamina 8, effeta (?) ; filamenta pilosa; anthere vix 1 lin. longe, unilateraliter in
mucronem brevem pubescentem products. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, 2-loculare,
dense rubro-fulvo-sericeum ; stylus brevis; ovula 4 in utroque loculo, biseriata.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1111).
Allied to E. punctatus, King, but very distinct in the stunted habit and the fine silky
tomentum.
GERANIACEA.
IMPATIENS PLATYPETALA, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 68.—Syn. J. latifolia, Mig. Ill.
Fl. Arch. Ind. 93, non L.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1235). (This is also the Impatiens mentioned by Burbidge
in * The Land of the Sun,’ p. 286, as a sketch drawn by Mr. Burbidge on the spot shows.)
Distribution : From Java to Borneo, and probably to New Guinea.
With this species is very probably identical 7. borneensis, Miq. Ill. Fl. Arch. Ind.
96, described from specimens collected by Korthals in South-east Borneo. I have not
seen the type, but a specimen gathered by Motley in the district of Banjermassin
agrees perfectly with the description, and at the same time with the specimens, of
I. platypetala from Java. I suspect also that 7. celebica, Miq. Ill. Fl. Arch. Ind. 94, is
a mere synonym of T. platypetala. Miquel does not anywhere mention J. platypetala,
Lindl., but there is no doubt that he means the same plant by his 1. latifolia. This,
however, is, in my opinion, sufficiently distinct from the true Linnean plant, which is
found in Ceylon and the southern part of the Western Peninsula.
RUTACEA.
EvopIA TENUISTYLA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex scandens. Ramuli minute puberuli, glabres-
centes, teretes. Folia trifoliolata, petiolo 23-3 poll. longo minute puberulo supra
canaliculato suffulta; foliola insequalia, petiolulis 2 lin. longis suffulta, terminale
majus, oblongum, circiter 6 poll. longum, 2-23 poll. latum, basi acutum, anguste
acuminatum, margine leviter undulatum, tenuiter coriaceum, supra glabrum,
nitidum, subtus pallidum, opaeum, in costá et in nervis puberulum, nervis lateralibus
16-18, venularum reticulatione tenuissimá, venis transversis vix ullis; foliola
138 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
lateralia consimillima, circiter 4 poll. longa, 13 poll. lata. Panicula axillaris,
thyrsoidea, petiolo paulo Jongior, puberula, minute bracteata, floribus in ramulis
ultimi ordinis congestis, pedicellis }-? lin. longis. Sepala late ovata, 4 lin. longa,
extus puberula. Petala oblonga, vix 1 lin. longa, acuminata. Stamina valde
exserta. | Ovarium albo-hirsutulum, quadrilobum; stylus gracilis, apice vix
incrassatus, exsertus.
At Koung on the Tampassuk River, alt. 2000 feet ( Haviland, 1376).
Evodia tenuistyla has very much in common with E. Roxburghiana, Benth., but it
differs in the somewhat larger flowers and the slender, not capitate, stigma.
EvopIA SUBUNIFOLIOLATA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Ramuli pallidi, teretes, tomentelli.
Folia opposita, omnia (?) wnifoliolata, petiolo circa 5 lin. longo, dense tomentello,
subterete, apice subarticulato et interdum plus minusve torto suffulta, foliolum
elliptico- vel obovato-oblongum, basi acutum, abrupte acuminatum, tenuiter coriaceum,
supra glaucum, subnitens, glaberrimum, infra in gemma dense tomentellum, costa
exceptá, mox glabratum, nervis lateralibus utrinque 8-10, 1-13 lin. sub margine
anastomosantibus, utrinque prominulis, venularum reticulatione laxá. Inflorescentize
axillares, tomentelle, pedunculo 1-14 poll. longo suffultee, breves, pauciramulosee.
Flores ignoti. Carpella 1-4, a basi libera, oblique obovoidea, griseo-viridia,
tomentella, 4 /in. longa, plane aperta, 6-63 lin. lata. Semina fere semper solitaria,
atra, nitida, 2-21 lin. dimetientia, funiculo erasso, vix 1 lin. longo.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1193).
The leaflets somewhat resemble those of E. triphylla, DC., but they are covered
underneath with a dense soft tomentum in a young state, which persists on the mid-rib,
and they usually terminate with a short narrow acumen. In the specimens I have before
me the leaves are all unifoliolate, without a trace of lateral leaflets; but Dr. Haviland
states on the label “ leaves trifoliolate." This may, perhaps, refer to the lower ones. The
capsules are much larger than those of Æ. triphylla, and rival those of E. fravinifolia,
Hook. fil. As to the affinity, it is difficult to form a precise idea in the absence of
flowers. The plant resembles a certain undescribed species from the Island of Panay
(Vidal, 2275) so far as the leaves are concerned, and it might be a true Melicope.
MELIACE.E.
DvsoxYLoN CAULIFLORUM, Hiern, in Hook. fil. & Thoms. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 549.
———, Var. TOMENTELLA, Stapf. Folia subtus in nervis tomentella, et preeterea tota planta
indumento vestita densiore quam in speciminibus in peninsulá Malayaná collectis
observatur.
At the Penokok, alt. 3200 feet (Haviland, 1318).
. Distribution (of species): Malay Peninsula, from Singapore (Hullet, 832) to Penang
| (C. Curtis, 204) ; Borneo.
| I am not able to find any characters of specific distinction between the Peninsular and
o the Bornean plant. The floral structure is exactly the same in both, except that the flowers
are a little larger, if taken on an average, in the specimens from Singapore than in those
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 139
from Kinabalu. The leaves of Maingay’s, Hullet’s, and Curtis’s specimens are generally
glabrous; but in one of Maingay's plants occur a few scattered hairs on the nerves
underneath, exactly like those which compose the denser tomentum in the Kinabalu form.
OLACINE.
GOMPHANDRA LYSIPETALA, Stapf, n. sp. Ramuli novelli adpressissime minuteque
puberuli, demum glabrati. Folia petiolo supra tenuissime canaliculato 31—4 lin.
longo suffulta, oblongo-lanceolata, 23-3 poll. longa, $-1 poll. lata, basi acuta,
obtusiuscule subacuminata, coriacea, supra glaberrima, opaca, subtus in gemma
dense et minute fulvo-puberula, mox glabrata, nervis lateralibus tenuibus utrinque
3-4. Cyme axillares pedunculo petiolum eequante suffultee, 5-15-floree, minutissime
puberulze vel glabrescentes; flores subsessiles, congesti. Calyx breviter cupularis,
vix i lin. longus, brevissime dentatus, puberulus. Petala valvata, primo coherentia,
demum plane soluta, patentia, oblonga, 17 lin. longa, glaberrima. Filamenta clavata,
antice tantum sub antheris breviter denseque pilis claviculatis obsita, ceterum
glaberrima. Anthere sub apice aflixwe, pendule ; loculi paralleli vel subparalleli.
Ovarium rudimentarium leviter asymmetricum, apice parce puberulum.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1207).
Distinguished by tbe petals, which finally become quite free and spreading, and by
the peculiar arrangement of the hairs on the filaments. Otherwise there is little difference
if compared with narrow-leaved forms of G. axillaris, Wall, G. coriacea, Wight, or
G. polymorpha, Wight.
GoMPHANDRA PRASINA (?), Beccari, Males. i. 110.
On the Kadamaian River, at 4500 feet (Haviland, 1243).
Distribution: Malaya, from Malacca and Sumatra to Borneo; New Guinea.
Dr. Haviland’s specimen is a female with fruits. These are very like those of the
Malacca plant, called G. affinis by M. Masters in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 586, but they
are narrower and more strongly ribbed. The habit of the plant also differs, the Kinabalu
plant having more slender branches and smaller leaves. G. javanica, Valeton, comes so
far perhaps nearer, but the shape of the fruit deviates more. The probability, however, is
that G. javanica and G. prasina (including G. affinis) belong to one very variable species,
the oldest name of which would seem to be G. prasina, Becc.
ILICINE.E.
ILEX SPICATA, Blume, Bijdr. 1149.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1201).
Distribution : Malaya, from Malacca and Sumatra (Beccari, 130) to Borneo (Beccari,
3223, 3273).
ILEX REVOLUTA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2263. Frutex. Rami stricti, dense foliati, subte-
retes, tomento minutissimo induti, primo canescentes, mox nigrescentes. Folia petiolo
1-11 lin. longo suffulta, elliptico-obovata, 3-13 poll. longa, 4-6 lin. lata, basi breviter
140 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
.
in petiolum acutata, margine valde revoluto, basi integra a medio vel in parte
tertid superiore minute glanduloso-serrata, apice obtusa, acuta vel retusa, sepe
mucronulo terminata, coriacea, supra glabra, rugulosa, et secundum nervos laterales
valde impressa, subtus in costá parce puberula, czeterum glabra, glanduloso-punctata,
nervis utrinque 4-6, angulo 70-80” ortis, prominulis vel indistinetis. — Stipule
minutissimse, subulatee. Flores masculi in cymis paucifloris, interdum ad flores
solitarios redactis, 3—4 lin. longis, bracteatis puberulis dispositi; pedicelli 2 lin.
longi. Sepala rotundata, 1-2 lin. longa, glabra, minute ciliata. Petala alba, basi
connata, rotundata, 13-1? lin. longa. Filamenta antheris multo breviora. Ovarium
rudimentarium, globosum. Flores feminei solitarii, in axillis foliorum superiorum
vel in ramulis abbreviatis ; pedicelli puberuli, sursum incrassati, 4 lin. longi. Sepala
et petala ut in flore masculo. Ovarium ovatum ; stigma sessile, breviter trilobum.
Bacca nigra, tripyrena, globosa, 31 lin. dimetiens.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1087).
Flex revoluta is very well marked by the revolute leaves, the apex of which is usually
obtuse, with a few minute, sharp teeth, and a more or less distinct mucro. lt is
nearest allied to 1. crenata, Thunb., and T. rugosa, Max.
ILEX VACCINIIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Ramuli stricti, dense foliati, angulati,
nigrescentes, juniores minutissime atque parcissime puberuli. Folia petiolo 1-17
lin. longo suffulta, obovata vel oblonga, plerumque 4-7 lin. longa, 3-4 lin. lata, basi
acuta, apice retusa, integra, coriacea, glabra, supra nigrescentia, nitida, subtus opaca,
glanduloso-punctata. Flores (masculi tantum noti) in racemis axillaribus 4—6 lin.
longis 10-20-floris dispositi, apicem. versus magis congesti ideoque interdum subum-
bellati. Pedicelli graciles, 1 lin. longi. Sepala 4, glabra, basi connata, rotunda,
minute ciliata. Petala basi connata, rotundato-ovata. Filamenta brevia. Ovarii
rudimentum stigmate sessili lobulato coronatum.
a. Var. CAMPTONEURA. Folia obovata, subplana, nervis subbasalibus sub margine apicem
versus productis distinctis, ceteris plus minusve inconspicuis.
At 6600 feet, on the top of a ridge (Haviland, 1186).
B. Var. SUBENERVIS. Folia magis coriacea, plerumque oblonga, marginibus recurvis,
enervia vel nervo uno alterove subtus prominulo.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1114).
Like the preceding species, nearest allied to I. crenata, Thunb., from which it differs
in the entire margin and the retuse apex as well as in the flowers, which are arranged in
regular, often subumbellate racemes. The variety subenervis is extremely like some of
the small-leaved specimens of J. Walkeri, Wight, so far as the habit is concerned; but
the marginal nerve, instead of forming a distinctly broken line, is steadily curved, and
the inflorescence is totally different.
CELASTRINE.
MICROTROPIS RAMIFLORA, Wight, Icon. t. 977.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1110).
Distribution: Ceylon and Western Gháts.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 141
PERROTETTIA ALPESTRIS, Lósener, in Engl. Natiirl. Pflanzenfam. iii. Th. 5. Abth. 220.
, Var. PHILIPPINENSIS, Stapf.—Syn. P. philippinensis, Lósener, 1. c.; Caryospermum
philippinense, Vidal, Rev. Pl. Filip., 89. Flores tetrameri.
A small tree on the Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1389).
Distribution (of species) : Malaya, from Sumatra to the Philippines.
I find the flowers in Vidal’s type specimen of Caryospermum philippinense tetramerous,
as they are in the Kinabalu plant; while all flowers which I examined from Sumatra and
Javan specimens of P. alpestris, Lósener, were pentamerous. But apart from this I am
not able to indicate any differential characters which might be used for separating these
two supposed species. Lésener puts P. philippinensis and P. alpestris into his section
Caryospermum, but neither of these specimens has solitary ovules. I dissected a great
mauy flowers and fruits and found the ovary always 2-celled, with 2 erect ovules. In
some cases, however, a slight ridge may be seen protruding between the seeds like a false
septum, when they fill up the cells. Yet I rather derived the impression that this was
the mere mechanical consequence of the pressure of the growing seeds against the soft
ovary-walls. The flowers are polygamous, and show all intermediate states from male
to female flowers. In the latter the stamens are replaced by almost petaloid, though
small, staminodes without any trace of anthers, P. alpestris approaches very closely
P. sandwicensis, A. Gray.
SALACIA LAURIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami novelli subtetragoni,
nigricantes, annotini albidi, teretes. Folia petiolo 2 lin. longo vel breviore suffulta,
lanceolata, 23-83 poll. longa, 8-10 lin. lata, basi sensim attenuata, apice breviter
acuminata, margine integerrimo leviter undulato, crasse coriacea, fusco-olivacea,
nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-7, arcuatis, utrinque prominulis, reticulatione laxá,
indistinctá. Inflorescentiz axillares vel extra-axillares, fasciculat:e, 6-10-flore ;
pedunculi brevissimi; pedicelli 1 lin. longi. Calyx breviter cupularis, crasse et
breviter 5-dentatus. Petala in alabastro anguste imbricata, oblonga, 1 lin. longa,
crassa, in dorso carinata et glauca, suberecta, Stamina 3, ovario medio vel supra
insidentia; filamenta late triangularia, apice demum recurva; anthere subquadrat:e,
ł lin. longæ. Styli 3 breves. Ovarium 3-loculare.
Young jungle on the Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet ( Haviland, 1370).
Probably nearest to S. prinoides, DC., but very distinct by the thick, entire, lanceo-
late leaves, and the carinate thick petals, which overlap each other only very slightly in
bud.
AMPELIDE&X.
Cissus HASTATA, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat., Suppl. 512.—Syn. Vitis sagittifolia, M. Lawson,
in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 645.
At Koung, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1372).
Distribution: Malaya, from Penang and Sumatra to Borneo.
Planchon, in DC. Monogr. v. (pars 2) 502, quotes “Vitis hastata, Miquel, Fl. Ind.
Bat. Supplem. 517,” whereas Miquel in the passage cited calls the plant “Cissus hastata.”
It must be therefore C. hastata, Miq., instead of Planch.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOI. IV. U
142 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
SAPINDACEA.
GUIOA PLEUROPTERIS, Radlk. Ueber Cupania, &c., in Sitz. Ber. bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1879,
611.—Syn. Cupania pleuropteris, B. apiculata, Hiern, in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind.
i. 677.
Young jungle on the Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1364).
Distribution: Malaya, from the Peninsula to Borneo.
SABIACEA.
SABIA PARVIFLORA, Wall. in Roxb, Fl. Ind., ii. [1824] 310.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1218).
Distribution : Tropical Himalaya, from Sikkim to Kumaon.
ANACARDIACEA.
Rats BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, inflorescentiá exceptá, glaberrimus. Rami
cortice badio vel nigricante. Folia petiolo 2-1 lin. longo vel breviore suffulta,
simplicia, obverse lanceolata vel oblonga, ad 5 vel 6 poll. longa, ad 2 poll. lata, in
petiolum attenuata, apice acuminata, demum subcoriacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque
10-17, intermediis circiter 3-34 lin. inter se distantibus, in foliis novellis cum venis
nigricantibus, in maturis subtus prominentibus. Inflorescentie a basi ramorum
hornotinorum 2-5, bracteis parvis deciduis instruct», anguste paniculate, mascule
1-2 poll. longe, feminee demum 3-44 poll. longe ; pedicelli ad 14 lin. longi, pilis
minutis adpressis conspersi. Flos masculus: Sepala ovata, 13 lin. longa, mem-
branaceo-marginata. Petala oblonga, obtusissima, vix 14 lin. longa, reflexa,
nigro-venosa. Stamina 5; filamenta brevissima ; anthere ellipticee, 4 lin. longe.
Ovarii rudimentum minutum trilobum. Flos femineus: Sepala atque petala ut in
flore masculo. Stamina plus minusve redacta, effeta. Ovarium oblique ovoideum ;
stigma sessile, capitatum. Fructus compressus transverse latior, obliquus, 3 lin.
longus, 4 lin. fere latus; mesocarpium multistriatum.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1198).
Inflorescence and flowers are almost exactly as in Rh. succedanea, except that the
panicles are shorter and the anthers almost sessile. The leaves are simple, without any
trace of articulation, and exhibit a type of nervation similar to that in Rh. succedaneo ;
the venules, however, are less distinct, probably in consequence of the greater thickness
of the leaves.
LEGUMINOSA.
. DESMODIUM ScALPE, DC. Prodr. ii. 334.
At 4000 feet (Haviland, 1246).
. Distribution : Tropical Africa and Natal; Madagascar and Mascarenes; Ceylon and
- Western Peninsula to Concan; Manipur; Malaya.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 113
BAUHINIA EXCURRENS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Phanera). Ramuli glabri, nigrescentes, lenticellis
minutis erebre obsiti. Folia petiolo nigrescente, apice et basi incrassato, circiter
13 poll. longo suffulta, subcordato-ovata, 3-4. poll. longa, 21-3 poll. lata, basi leviter
cordata sinu latissimo, «pice abrupte atque brevissime acuminata, nervo medio breviter
excurrente, supra glaberrima, subtus in nervis venisque pilis aureis adpressis minute
sericea, nervis 9-11, intermediis 3 approximatis, extimis 2 sepe inconspicuis,
reticulatione venularum tenerrimá, minutissimá, sub lente vero distinctissimá.
Inflorescentia terminalis, racemosa, brevis, parce rufo-puberula, bracteis valde
caducis. Pedicelli circa 12-14 lin. longi. Calycis tubus cylindricus, 3-4 lin.
longus, 1 lin. latus; lobi lineari-lanceolati, acuminati, 7-8 lin. longi, 14-14 lin. lati,
in alabastro apice in apiculo cohzerentes, sub anthesi reflexi, ut tubus pilis minutis
adpressis parce rufo-pubescentes. Petala omnia breviter et abrupte unguiculata,
ungue 1 lin. longo, 2 exteriora elliptica, 10 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata, 3 interiora lineari-
oblonga, vix 3 lin. lata, omnia plus minusve acuminata, extus et intus, preecipue
basin versus, fulvo-pilosula. Stamina fertilia 3; filamenta circa 8 lin., anthers 5-6
lin. longee; staminodía 2, multo breviora. Ovarium dense fulvo-pilosum, breviter et
crasse stipitatum, in stylum vix angustiorem sub anthesi duplo longiorem abiens,
cum eo 8 lin. longum ; stigma magnum, 2 lin. latum.
At Koung, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1382).
Closely allied to B. semibifida, Roxb., and B. ferruginea, Blume, but distinct by
undivided apiculate leaves. From B. integrifolia, Roxb., and B. Kockiana, Korth., it
differs considerably in the structure of the flower.
BAUHINIA BURBIDGEI, Stapf, n. sp. (8 Phanera). Arbor scandens, 50-60 ped. alta.
Ramuli dense ferrugineo-villoso-tomentosi, demum glabrescentes. Folia petiolo
2-21 lin. longo, robusto ferrugineo-tomentoso suffulta, oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga,
5-71 poll. longa, 11-21 poll. lata, basi obtusa, apice plus minusve acuminata,
acumine obtuso, interdum leviter emarginato, rarius acuto, sæpe mucronulato, firme
membranacea, supra glabra, subtus in nervis primo ferrugineo-velutina, demum
glabrata, trinervia, nervis fere ad apicem ductis, supra impressis, subtus promi-
nentibus, venis transversalibus utrinque circiter 15, in vetustioribus sspe supra
impressis, subtus prominulis, distinctis. Racemi terminales, solitarii vel plures ex
axillis summis additi, ferrugineo-villoso-tomentosi; rhachis 2-33 poll. longa, fere totá
longitudine florigera, vel basi nuda; pedicelli 1-23 poll. longi, graciles. Alabastri
limbus subglobosus. Calyx dense ferrugineo-tomentosus ; tubus anguste cylindricus,
5-7 lin. longus; lobi ovati, 31-4 lin. longi, acuti. Petala 5, paulo inequalia,
coccinea vel purpureo-rubra, late obovata, majora 12-14 lin. longa, 9 lin. lata,
abrupte in unguem 1 lin. longum contracta, obtusa, erenulata, extus ferrugineo-
sericea, intus subglabra. Stamina fertilia 3, ezetera plus minusve redacta, sterilia ;
filamenta glabra ; antherze fertiles rotundato-elliptice, fere 1 lin. longe. Ovarium
ferrugineo-velutinum, mox glabrescens. Legumen lineari-oblongum, 4-5 poll.
longum, 14—15 lin. latum, stylo persistente mucronatum, (siccum) nigrum. Semina
5-6, lenticularia, 6-7 lin. dimetientia.
v2
26 p. sn
144. DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
Climbing upon trees on the Tampassuk River near Koung (Burbidge).
Distribution : Sarawak (Beccari, 633, 3016; Wallace); Labuan? (Low).
Closely allied to B. Kockiana, Korth., but distinct by the very copious, almost villous
indumentum, the short and stout petioles, and by the large flowers, the colour of
which is much deeper, and perhaps also by the venation of the leaves. Wallace
describes the colour as “ purple red,” Burbidge as “ scarlet,’ whilst Korthals designates
the colour of the flowers of B. Kockiana as a bright yellow, turning ultimately into red.
The typical forms of B. Kockiana, as represented by Korthals's specimen, and of
B. Burbidgei as represented by the specimens quoted above, are certainly distinct
enough to be considered as separate species. But there are two specimens here, also
collected by Mr. Burbidge in North Borneo—the precise locality is not indicated —which
have rather large flowers and exactly the venation of B. Burbidget, but their indumentum
and their petioles are exactly like those of B. Kockiana. Mr. Burbidge describes the
plant named after him in a MS. note thus: ** Climbing tree, attaining a beight of 50 to
100 feet, twining around forest trees and falling from their branches in masses of
green foliage and scarlet flowers.”
PITHECOLOBIUM BIGEMINUM, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 115; Benth. in. Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx.
575.
In young jungle near the Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1369).
Distribution : Ceylon and Western Peninsula; Malaya to the Philippines.
ROSACE.
PYGEUM OOCARPUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami novelli ferrugineo-tomentosi, mox
glabrati, vetustiores fusci, lenticellis minutis conspersi. Folia petiolo 2-3 lin.
longo, crassiusculo, breviter tomentello suffulta, ovata vel ovato-elliptica, 11-2 poll.
longa, 1-1} poll. lata, basi subcordata, apice obtusa, margine breviter recurvo,
coriacea, supra in costá nervisque minute tomentella, ceeterum glabra, impresso-
punctata, sublucida, basi utrinque glandulá notata, subtus in cost& nervisque
hirtella, czeterum glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-8 subpatulis, supra impressis,
subtus prominulis, venis transversis, supra quidem cum reticulatione gracili distinctis.
Racemi pauciflori, ad 5 lin. longi, stricti, ferrugineo-tomentosi; bractew ovatie,
parvee ; pedicelli brevissimi, crassiusculi. Calyx patellaris, ferrugineo-tomentosus ;
lobi 10 sublineares, remoti, 3 lin. longi. Petala nulla(?). Stamina 10; filamenta
e basi triangulari subulatá cum antheris minutis $ lin. longa. Drupa ovoidea,
- 4-45 lin. longa, 3-34 lin. lata, sparse fulvo-pilosa. |
At 7800 feet (Haviland, 1118).
The habit is more like that of P. Wightianum, Blume, than of any other species; but
à ry and ovoid ovary is very different, and the true affinity lies rather with P. capitel-
A datum, Hook. fil, and P. montanum, Hook. fil., from Tenasserim and Sikkim respectively.
RUBUS GLOMERATOS, Blume, Bijdr. 111.
«t 6000 feet (Haviland, 1194); at Koung and Kiau (Burbidge).
ribution: All over A > from the Peninsula to the Philippines and to New Guinea.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 145
RUBUS LINEATUS, Reinw. in Blume, Bijdr. 1103.
Pakapaka, alt. 10,500 feet, some 15 feet high, in jungle (Haviland, 1064).
Distribution: Malaya, from Sumatra to Borneo; East Himalaya, from Sikkim to
Mishmi.
Rubus Lown, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t.2289. Rami inermes, teretes, nigrescentes, pilis
patulis tomentelli, insuper setulis glanduligeris parce obsiti, tandem glabrati.
Stipule lanceolate, integre vel minute denticulatee et basin versus glandulose
fimbriate, parce hirsutze vel glabratz, circiter 3 lin. longe. Folia digitata,
trifoliolata, petiolo tomentello 7-10 lin. longo suffulta, foliola breviter petiolulata,
terminale majus, ellipticum vel obovatum, magnitudine valde varians, ad 1} poll. .
longum, ad 10-11 lin. latum, basi plus minusve cuneatum, apice acutum vel
breviter acuminatum, duplieato-serratum, supra nigricans, nervis sericeo-pilosis, ut
venule transverse tenerrime plus minusve impressis, subtus brunneum, nervis
venulisque sericeo-pilosis; foliola /ateralia omnino consimilia, sed utrinque obtusiora,
plus minusve asymmetrica, quartá vel tertià parte minora ; folia hine inde ad foliolum
solitarium, late rotundato-ovatum, indivisum vel plus minusve trilobum redacta, nunc
parva, 2-1 poll. longa, nune 2-3-plo majora. Flores solitarii, axillares. Pedicelli
nutantes, tomentelli, 2-1 poll. longi. Calycis segmenta ovata, 21-4 lin. longa,
caudato-acuminata vel apice inciso-dentata, interiora extus in parte in alabastro
segmentis exterioribus obtectá dense et minutissime tomentella, ceterum ut heecce
pilis paucis longis conspersa, omnia intus griseo-tomentella. ^ Petala rosea, late
obovata subunguiculata, 21-3 lin. longa, apiculata. Stamina uniseriata. Syn-
carpium siccum, depresso-globosum, 4-5 lin. dimetiens; receptaculum ovoideum,
dense sericeo-pilosum ; achzenia circiter 20, libera, oblique ovata, 1% lin. longa,
glabra, foveolato-reticulata ; stylus 2 lin. longus, glaber.
From 9000-13,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1082).
A very distinct species, which approaches somewhat R. alpestris, Bl, from which it
differs in the absence of prickles, the tomentum, the broader leaflets with impressed
nerves, and the solitary flowers. The achenes of the only ripe fruit I have seen are
perfectly free and covered with a very thin, hardly fleshy pericarp.
RUBUS ALPESTRIS, Blume, Bijdr. 1103.
At 7600 feet (Haviland).
Distribution : Malaya, in high elevations; temperate E from Gurkwai to
Sikkim, from 7000 to 10,000 feet.
I have seen only a branch without flowers or fruits, but this agrees so exactly with
Horsfield's specimen from Mt. Prahu in Java that I do not hesitate to refer it to the
same species. The Himalayan form constitutes a well-marked variety, characterized by
the bristles on the calyx.
146 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
RUBUS ROSAFOLIUS, Smith, Ic. ined. iii. t. 60; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 1; 375.
On the Kadamaian, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1195) ; alt. 3000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: All over Malaya to New Guinea and South-east Australia; Indo-China,
to the Khasia Hills and the temperate Himalaya; Japan; South Africa and Madagascar
(introduced ?).
JR. rosefolius is “ cultivated around the upland villages of North Borneo near Kina-
balu,” according to Burbidge, as it is in many parts of the Tropics ; whence it is very
difficult to trace the original area.
RUBUS FRAXINIFOLIUS, Poir. Dict. vi. 242.
Near Kiau, alt. 3000 feet (Zow ; Haviland, 1376); on the northern slopes to 5000 feet
. (Low).
Distribution: Throughout the Malay Archipelago, from Java to the Philippines and to
Tidor.
POTENTILLA LEUCONOTA, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 230.
, Var. BORNEENSIS, Stapf. Folia utrinque dense argenteo-sericea. Bracteolze, sepala,
petala, stamina 2-3-plo majora, ceterum simillima. Achzenia paulo majora, magis
elongata, sub apice sericeo-pilosa.
In crevices of the rocks, and on dry sheltered places from 11,000 to 13,000 feet (Low ;
Haviland, 1058).
Distribution (of species): Alpine Himalaya, east of Gurhwal to South-west China
(Yunnan, Mt. Omei); Borneo; New Guinea.
This plant is mentioned by Sir Joseph Hooker in his Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. pt. 2, 352,
as found on Kinabalu, but referred to P. leuconota, D. Don, without any further
remark. There is no doubt with regard to the extremely close affinity between the
Himalayan and Bornean plants. But from the more complete material which is now in
my hands it appears to me necessary to distinguish the latter from the former by the
characters given above.
Sir F. v. Mueller indicates a variety “ papuana” of the same species from the Owen
Stanley Ranges and from Mt. Musgrave, from 8000 to 13,000 feet (Trans. Roy. Soc.
Victoria, vol. i. pt. 2, 5). The specimen of it which I saw agrees perfectly with the
Kinabalu plant in habit, except the poor inflorescences, whilst the flowers are inter-
mediate between those from Kinabalu and from the Himalaya, and the achenes are
glabrous and even more elongate than in the variety borneensis.
POTENTILLA Moontana, Wight, Icon. t. 233.
= ——, var. KINABALUENSIS, Stapf. Folia basalia foliolis majoribus utrinque 16-20, supra
. glabris, subtus in nervis sericeis, in dentibus pilis longis patulis ciliatis, foliolis inter-
positis minutis, interdum suppressis. Bracteolæ sepalis angustiores, squilong:e,
integre vel rarius minute tridentatze. Achzenia paululo majora, nervis prominulis.
~ In swampy, sheltered, sunny spots, at 11,000 feet ( Haviland, 1056).
Distribution (of species): Ceylon; Himalaya, from Kumaon to Sikkim; Khasia Hills;
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 147
This variety is much nearer to the Ceylon and the Khasia form than to that of the
Himalaya, which constitutes a well-marked variety if not a species, and corresponds
with Wallich's P. polyphylla (Cat. n. 1026, not n. 1030). Number 1030 of Wallich's
herbarium is his P. barbata (=P. polyphylla, var. barbata Lehm. Revis. Potent. 54), and
is identical with the Ceylon plant which was described as P. Mooniana by Wight. The
specimen from Kinabalu is chiefly characterized by the numerous larger leaflets and
the very small interposed ones, and by the long spreading hairs on their margin.
POTENTILLA PARVULA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2293 ($ Polyphylle, Lehm.). Caulis
valde abbreviatus, parte epigeeá 1-2 poll. longá, inferne foliorum atque stipulorum
residuis sericeo-lanatis dense vestitus, superne arcte foliatus, simplex vel bre-
vissime parceque ramosus, apicem versus ramulos unifloros edens. Ramuli floriferi
erecti, 1-2-foliati, 1-13 poll. longi, pilis sericeis longis plus minusve patulis vestiti.
Stipulze petiolo ad 2 adnatee, oblong vel oblanceolate, 4-6 lin. longa, 13-23 lin. late,
acute, scariosze, extus sericeo-pilossz, intus glabree, in ramulis floriferis minores, plus
minusve bilobæ vel bifide. Folia pinnatifida, rhachi ad 3-1 poll, vel in speci-
minibus nanis et in ramulis floriferis tantum ad 1-3 lin. nudá, patule sericeo-pilosá,
1—4 poll. longa, 4-8 lin. lata; foliola basin versus decrescentia, utrinque 10-12,
in speciminibus nanis fere imbricata, sessilia vel breviter petiolulata, rotundato-ovata,
superiora 2-3 lin. longa, 13-23 lin. lata, utrinque 3-1-dentata vel in latere basin
versus spectante subintegra, denticulis ovatis obtusiusculis (si pauca, semper sub
ipso apice), rigidiuscula, demum castanea, supra glaberrima, nitida, infra in costulá
atque in margine pilis longis paucis obsita; in foliis longioribus ssepe foliola pauca
minuta integra interjecta; folia caulis floriferi consimillima, plerumque valde
redacta. Involucelli bracteole rotundato-elliptice, 11-12 lin. longs, obtuse, ut
sepala ovata, acuta, equilonga, parce sericeo-pilose. Petala obovata, 2-23 lin. longa,
aurea. Stamina 10, dina sub unoquoque petalo. Torus dense sericeo-pilosus. Ovaria
glabra, breviter oblique oblonga, stylo subbasali, superne leviter incrassato.
In boggy, sheltered, sunny places, alt. 11,000 feet (Low ; Haviland, 1057).
P. parvula is nearest allied to P. Mooniana, Wight, and Dr. Haviland suggests that it
might even be an extreme form of it.
STRANVESIA INTEGRIFOLIA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2294. Frutex. Ramuli nigrescentes,
novelli plus minusve tomentelli, demum glabrati, cortice plumbeo. Folia petiolo
4-6 lin. longo, supra canaliculato, rubescente, tomentello vel glabrato suffulta, elliptico-
oblonga, 2-3 poll. longa, 10-12 lin. lata, basi breviter acuta, apice acuta vel sub-
acuminata, rarius obtusiuscula, margine integro, supra nitida, in nervis pilosula,
demum glabrata, subtus glabra, in margine primo minute lanuginosa, mox glabrata,
coriacea, nervis lateralibus 7-9, tenuibus, vir prominulis, valde obliquis. Corymbi
tomentelli, 20-30-flori. Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Calyx turbinatus, tomentellus ;
tubus 14 lin. longus; lobi persistentes, triangulares, 3 lin. longi, acuti. Petala
rotundata, 24 lin. dimetientia, alba. Stamina circiter 20. Ovarium ad } cum
calycis tubo connatum, 5-loculare; styli 5 ad { connati; stigmata apice incrassata,
148 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU
truncata. Fructus (haud perfecte maturus) 24 lin. dimetiens, vertice hemispheerico,
e tubo calycis exserto, leviter 5-sulcato.
From 11,500 to 13,000 feet (Haviland, 1071).
So closely allied to Stranvesia glaucescens, Lindl., from the Himalaya and the Khasia
Hills, that it might be almost considered as a variety.of it. But the corymbs are stouter,
denser, and less tomentose, and the leaves absolutely entire, with fewer and fainter nerves,
which are curved more forward than is the case in £S. glaucescens. A specimen of
S. Davidiana, Decne., from Szechuen (Henry, 8953), comes also extremely near, but the
lateral nerves are about twice as numerous and straighter.
SAXIFRAGACE.E.
DICHROA FEBRIFUGA, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 301.
Koung, alt. 2000 feet (Burbidge ; Haviland, 1375).
Distribution : Malaya, from the Peninsula and Sumatra to Celebes and the Philippines;
Indo-China to Mt. Omei, Hupeh and Fokien ; Burma, Khasia Hills, and Himalaya
to Nepal.
ITEA MACROPHYLLA, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. [1824] 419.
In young jungle on the Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1368).
Distribution: Malaya, from Java to the Philippines; Khasia Hills and Eastern Himalaya.
PoLyosma Hooxkert, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2296. Frutex. Ramuli novelli minute pu-
beruli, mox glabrati, nigricantes, vetusti lenticellis pallidis obsiti. Folia opposita,
petiolo 3-5 lin. longo, tereti suffulta, obovata vel elliptica, 1-14 poll. longa, ¿1 poll.
lata, interdum multo minora, basi breviter acuta, apice obtusa, emarginata, margine
anguste revoluta, coriacea, glaberrima, nigricantia, supra lucida, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 4—6 angulo subrecto ortis. Inflorescentia terminalis, brevissime cymuloso-
racemosa, pauciflora. Pedicelli 2-23 lin. longi, puberuli, sub calyce 2-3-bracteolati.
Bracteolze lineari-lanceolate vel subulatz, 1 lin. longe. Calyx turbinatus, 14 lin.
longus, puberulus, lobis triangularibus, 1 lin. longis, persistentibus. Petala linearia
vel lineari-lanceolata, 1 poll. longa, vix 13 lin. lata, extus, imprimis basin versus,
flavido-sericeo-tomentella, intus rosea villosula. Stamina 4; filamenta linearia, 6-7
lin. longa, villosula ; antherze lineares, vix 3lin.longe. Stylus 9 lin. longus, glaber ;
stigma capitulatum. Fructus niger, ellipsoideus, 4-5 lin. longus, calyce persistente
coronatus, unispermus. Semen globoso-ellipsoideum ; embryo minimus in imá basi
| situs. ij
. From 8000 to 10,500 feet, commonest at 10,000 feet (Low ; Haviland, 1068).
A very distinct species, with large flowers.
= POLYOSMA BRACTEOSUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex altus. Ramuli juniores tomento denso
|. flavido vestiti, vetustiores nigricantes. ^ Folia opposita vel subopposita, petiolo
mr ak robusto, tomentello, 3-1 poll. longo suffulta, elliptica, 3-44 poll. longa, 2-24 poll. lata,
| basirotundata, apice obtusa, integra vel sub apice utrinque 1-2 denticulata, revoluta,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 149
coriacea, supra primo tomentosa, mox glabrescentia, exsiccando nigricantia, lucida,
subtus flavido-tomentosa, tomento tandem plus minusve evanido, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 8-10, utrinque prominentibus, laxe reticulata. Racemi stricti, laxiusculi,
dense tomentosi, ad 5 poll. longi; bractee lineares circa 5 lin. longe ; pedicelli
brevissimi; bracteolee bracteis consimiles. Calyx cupularis, 14 lin. altus, tomen-
tosus, lobis ovatis. Petala fuscescentia, e basi ovatá late linearia, erecta, apice tan-
tum patentia, 6 lin. longa, supra basin 13 lin. lata, extus et intus in parte superiore
tomentosa. Filamenta linearia, basi exceptà papillis albis longiusculis vestita, 2-21
lin. longa; antherze lineares, 13 lin. iongee. Stylus crassiusculus, cylindricus, 4 lin.
longus, sericeo-pubescens; stigma minute bilobum. ^ Fructus oblongo-ovoideus,
tomentosus, 5 lin. longus. Semen solitarium, 3 lin. longum.
At 9000 feet, (.Haviland, 1103).
Allied to P. mutabile, Blume, but distinct by its large flowers and bracts and the more
copious tomentum.
DROSERACE.E.
DROSERA SPATHULATA, Labill., Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 79, t. 106, f. i.
. Maripari Spur, from 5000 to 5500 feet ( Low, Haviland).
Distribution: South-east China, Borneo, Philippines; East Australia from Queens-
land to Tasmania; New Zealand.
I am not able to distinguish the Chinese form which has been described as
D. Loureiri, Hook. et Arn. (Bot. Beech. Voy. 167, t. 131) from the Australian D. spa-
thulata, and consider it to be quite the same plant, as Bentham has already suggested
(Fl. Austral. ii. 459).
HALORAGINE..
HALORAGIS MICRANTHA, R. Brown in Flinders's Voy. ii. 550.
In clefts on. rocks and open places, in compact tufts, alt. 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1077).
Distribution: From Australia and New Zealand to Japan, Indo-China, and the Sikkim
Himalaya.
MYRTACEZ.
LEPTOSPERMUM RECURVUM, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 893.
From 7000 to 13,000 feet, commonest above 11,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1063),
A shrub, 4-8 feet high below 11,000 feet, but dwarf, a few inches only in height, at
the top of the mountain, which appears quite white with it when in blossom.
LEPTOSPERMUM JAVANICUM, Blume, Bijdr. 1100.
A small spreading tree, at 7700 feet (Haviland, 1154).
Distribution: Malaya; Moulmein.
The specimens from Kinabalu exactly agree with the plant collected by Lobb on
Mt. Thounggyen in Moulmein. They differ slightly from the Sumatran and Javan plant
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. X
150 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
in the less stout habit, the thinner leaves, and the much scantier indumentum of the calyx.
The difference between Leptospermum javanicum and L. recurvum is not greater than that
between typical Z. flavescens, Sm., and some forms referred to var. obovatum of this species.
The amount of hairinessin L. recurrum is exceedingly variable, and plants growing close
to each other may possess either leaves with a dense white silky coat on the back or
leaves almost without hairs. The same may be said with regard to the calyx. Thus
the difference is reduced to the stunted habit and the minute leaves. Such minute
leaves, however, may be found occasionally also in L. javanicum, at the base of the branches
or on short and poorly developed lateral shoots. This form of leaves evidently has become
general in L. recurvum, whilst the texture grew firmer at the same time and the margins
recurved, as often occurs in similar cases with alpine or very exposed forms.
DECASPERMUM VitTis-Ipma, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XI. a. figs. 1-9.) Fruticulus. Rami
graciles, dense foliati, cinereo- vel subnigro-strigillosi, demum glabrati, vetusti cortice
brunneo. Folia opposita, petiolo brevissimo suffulta, oblonga, 3—4 lin. longa, 2 lin.
lata, basi et apice obtusa, margine revoluto, coriacea, supra, costulà sericeá excepta,
glabra, impresso-punctata, mox glaberrima, lucida, subtus in costulá et in marginibus
longe argenteo-sericeo-pilosa demum plus minusve glabrata, minute nigro-punctulata,
evenia. Flores axillares, pedicellis 2-21 lin. longis apice bibracteatis sericeo-pilosis
suffulti. Calycis tubus turbinatus, argenteo-sericeus ; lobi 4, triangulares vel ovati,
obtusi vel subacuti, 1 lin. longi. Petala 4, alba, purpureo-suffusa, obovato-rotundata,
ad 2 lin. longa, in margine minute ciliolata. Stamina numerosa, sub 3-seriata, in
alabastro incurva ; filamenta petala vix æquantia ; antherz minute, subglobos:e,
loculis longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium 5-loculare; stylus filiformis, pilo-
sulus ; stigma minute capitatum ; ovula solitaria, fere e basi erecta. Bacca (imma-
tura) subglobosa, parva; semina 5, reniformia.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet ( Haviland, 1261).
A very distinct species, characterized by the small oblong leaves and the solitary ovules.
Young leaves are sometimes very like the minute leaves which now and then occur in
Decaspermum paniculatum amongst the normal ones, or like those of D. Blancoi, Vidal,
to which the species is nearest allied; but they soon become much firmer, whilst the
margins curl in, and then they resemble very much those of Vaccinium Vitis-Idea.
I found the ovules always solitary, rising from a little above the base of the cell. Never-
theless, the back of the cell may sometimes be seen intruding slightly into the cell,
forming a faint central ridge, thus indicating the formation of a false septum, which is
more or less normal in other species of Decaspermum.
rry PANICULATUM, Kurz, in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xlvi. (1877) part ii., 61.
At Koung, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland).
E _ Distribution: Won istum Malaya, from the Peninsula to the Philippines and New
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 151
MYRTUS FLAVIDA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2290. Arbor parva vel frutex, ramis divaricatis.
Ramuli novelli plus minusve dense albo-villosi, vetustiores cortice nigricante vel
griseo. Folia opposita, patula vel reflexa, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-
lanceolata, 9 lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata, basi rotundata, obtusa vel subacuminata,
acumine obtuso, marginibus plus minusve revolutis, coriacea, supra nitidula, primo
villosula, mox glaberrima, subtus densius atque diutius villosa (imprimis in costá) et
glanduloso-punctulata, nervis lateralibus 2 subbasalibus sub margine fere ad apicem
ductis, czeteris subrectis, supra tantum visibilibus et ut priores levissime impressis.
Flores axillares, solitarii vel 2-3 fasciculati. Pedicelli villosi, 1-2 lin. longi, vel
subnulli. Calyeis tubus turbinatus, 1 lin. longus, villosus; lobi 4, suberecti, post
anthesin conniventes, vix tubo breviores, triangulares. Stamina numerosa, biseriata ;
filamenta in alabastro, interiora quidem, inflexa, in flore aperto 2-3 lin. longa;
antheree basi affixz, rotundato-ovate, ł lin. longs. Stylus filiformis; stigma puncti-
forme. Ovarium biloculare; placentee paulo prominulw; ovula in utroque loculo
circa 10-14, biseriata. Fructus baccatus, calyce persistente coronatus, globosus,
13-2 lin. dimetiens, niger. Semina arcte compressa, 10-12 in utroque loculo,
subreniformia, angulata, pallida, testá crassiusculá durá. Embryo a me non visus,
sed cavitas seminis curvata, angusta.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet; alt. 7700 feet (Haviland, 1155).
This is a very remarkable species. It is the first Myrtus found in the Archipelago.
The habit is almost that of certain South- American species, as M. myricoides, H. B. K., or
M. microphylla, Humb. et Bonpl. One specimen with very small and very revolute leaves
comes more closely to JM. rufo-punctatus, Brongn. et Gris, from New Caledonia, whilst
the nearest ally among the Australian species is perhaps M. Metrosideros, Baill, from
Mount Bellenden Ker in Queensland, a plant which is known only from barren branches,
TRISTANIA ELLIPTICA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Eu-Tristania). (Pl. XI. d. figs. 14-17.) Frutex
humilis. Ramuli nigricantes, crassiusculi, glaberrimi, demum cortice irregulariter
soluto, pallidiores. Folia alterna vel summa opposita, approximata, petiolo latiusculo
circa 1 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel obovata, 11—22 poll. longa, 1-12 poll. lata, basi
petiolum acutata, apice obtusa vel obtusissima, valde coriacea, glaberrima, supra
lucida, subtus opaca, costá supra impressá, subtus crassiusculá prominente, nervis
lateralibus supra prominulis, utrinque 15-18, 2 lin. inter se distantibus, parallelis, rectis,
sub ipso margine cum nervo marginali junctis, venulis supra interdum prominulis
laxe reticulantibus. Cymæ terminales et axillares, breves, congeste, pedunculo vir 4
poll. longo suffulte, bracteate, glabrse. Bractex ovate, 3-2 lin. long:e, valde caducze.
Pedicelli 1-14 lin. longi vel vix ulli. Calyx depresso-turbinatus, 1-14 lin. longus,
dentibus brevibus triangularibus, extus glaber, intus minute albido-tomentellus.
Petala obovata, transverse latiora, vix 3 lin. longa. Stamina circa 15; filamenta terna
ad medium connata, exteriora cujusque fasciculi breviora. Ovarium subsuperum,
3-loculare, globosum, villosulum ; stylus e calycis tubo paulo exsertus; ovula reflexa,
numerosa. Capsula subglobosa, imá tantum basi calycis tubo adnata, exserta, ad 2 lin. |
longa. Semina 6-8 in quoque loculo, 3 lin. longa, ala oblonga fere triplo longiore.
x2
152 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland, 1257).
Very distinct by the crowded and very coriaceous, mostly broad-elliptic leaves, and the
robust and short inflorescences. The capsule is of the same size as in Tristania Wightiana,
Griff., or T. burmanica, Griff. The nearest allied species which I have seen is represented
by a specimen (still undescribed) collected by Beccari in Sarawak (no. 2224).
TRISTANIA BILOCULARIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Ramuli novelli glaberrimi, nigricantes,
vetustiores cortice pallido vestiti. Folia alterna vel summa subopposita, petiolo
3-5 lin. longo suffulta, obovato-oblonga, 13-2 poll. longa, ¿-1 poll. lata, cuneatim in
basin attenuata, obtusa, marginibus revolutis, coriacea, glaberrima, supra subnitida,
subtus opaca, nervis secundariis utrinque circa 12-15, 13 lin. inter se distantibus, in-
distinctis, marginalibus sub ipso margine vix visibilibus. Cymee pauciflore, terminales
vel axillares, pedunculo 2-3 lin. longo. Pedicelli 1 lin. longi, glabri. Calyx depresso-
turbinatus, 1 lin. longus, dentibus minutis triangularibus, intus minutissime tomen-
tellus. Capsula elongato-globosa valde exserta, ima tantum basi calycis tubo adnata,
vix 14 lin. longa, septicidé Bivalvis. Semina 2 i» utroque loculo, pendula, 13 lin.
longa, elliptica, superne alata.
At 6600 feet (.Haviland, 1199).
I have not seen the flowers of this species; yet the scars left by the stamens between
the calyx-teeth show even in the mature state the three vascular bundles of each staminal
bundle. The capsules are smaller than in 7. Wightiana, Griff, to which it is’ perhaps
more nearly allied than to any other species.
EUGENIA KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Syzygium). (Pl. XI. B. figs. 10-12.) Frutex.
Ramuli novelli tetragoni, vetustiores teretes, cortice brunneo in lacinias angustas
longas soluto. Folia superne valde approximata, petiolo vix 1 lin. longo suffulta,
rotundato-ovata vel orbicularia, 4-6 lin. longa, 3-6 lin. lata, basi rotundata, apice
valde obtusa vel subemarginata, marginibus revolutis, coriacea, supra opaca, subtus
sublucida, pallidiora, glaberrima, costá supra impressá, tenui, nervis lateralibus tenuis-
simis 6-8, supra tantum plus minusve distinctis. Cymsze terminales, pauciflorz,
breves, vix e foliis exsertze. Calycis (juvenilis) tubus breviter subcylindricus, 11 lin.
longus; lobi 4 ovati, 17 lin. longi. Petala libera, elliptica vel rotunda, 1 lin. longa.
: Ovarium 3-loculare; ovula numerosa in quoque loculo.
At 8800 feet ( Haviland, 1112). |
"This, like the following species of Eugenia, is not represented in a quite complete state
in Dr. Haviland’s collection. I should therefore have refrained from describing them
as new species if they had not been of so characteristic a type that I could not have
overlooked them in going through the material in the Kew Herbarium and through the
a descriptions of those comparatively few species of tropical Asia which are not represented
2 2 in our collections. E. kinabaluensis has quite the habit of E, rotundifolia, Wight, from
iu ; which it may be distinguished by the very indistinct and looser venation of the leaves, and
o e longer, more cylindrical calyx. The difference in the venation, however, is only one
n of. legree, as the lateral nerves in E. kinabaluensis are hardly less numerous ; but they
Asst n i ure so fint that tor do not count.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 153
EUGENIA AMPULLARIA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Syzygium). (Pl. XI. c. fig.13.) Frutex. Ramuli
subteretes, brunnei, rami crassi, albescentes. Folia valde approximata, petiolo eras-
siusculo nigrescente 1 lin. longo suffulta, rotundato-ovata, ad 1-13 poll. longa, 10-14
lin. lata, basi late rotundata, apice subacuta vel obtusa, in margine paulo recurva,
coriacea, supra lucida nigrescentia, subtus opaca pallide olivacea, glaberrima, costá
supra impressá, nervis lateralibus utrinque 15-20, angulo fere recto ortis, rectis,
utrinque prominulis, imprimis subtus conspicuis, nervo marginali sub ipso margine
ad apicem ducto, venulis plus minusve conspicuis, laxe anastomosantibus. Cyme
terminales, pauciflore, brevissimæ, vix e foliis exserte, robuste. Fructus globosus,
5-6 lin. dimetiens, calycis tubo persistente 3 lin. longo basi constricto coronatus.
Semen solitarium, globosum, 3 lin. dimetiens ; cotyledones crassissimi, hemispherici,
subinsequales.
At 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1096).
E. ampullaria is closely allied to a species collected by Thwaites on Adam's Peak and
erroneously referred by him and Duthie to E. calophyllifolia, Wight, a plant represented
in the Kew Herbarium from the Western Peninsula only. This is distinguished chiefly by
the larger fruits, which are (immature) 5-6 lin. long and bottle-shaped, with but a slight
constriction at the neck. The part below the constriction is obovoid, tapering into the
base, that above cylindric and suddenly widened into the margin, which is minutely
toothed or almost entire. All the fruits of the Ceylonese specimen are immature, but in one
or two which are more advanced the lower part is almost globose, thus approaching the
shape of the fruit of E. ampullaria. The inflorescence is also of the same character as in
the Ceylonese plant mentioned, which is now E. Fergusoni, Trim., but, like all other parts,
much stouter. The leaves of E. Ferguson? are also very similar, but smaller and not
glossy, and their veins are not prominent above.
EUGENIA MYRTILLUS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Syzygium). Frutex. Ramuli quadranguli, rami
cinerei, graciles, plus minusve teretes. Folia approximata, petiolo 2-2} lin. longo
suffulta, oblongo-lanceolata, 3-14 poll. longa, 4-6 lin. lata, cuneatim in petiolum
attenuata, obtuse acuminata vel obtusa, margine tenuiter recurvo, glaberrima, coriacea,
utrinque opaca, subtus pallidiora, nervis lateralibus primariis utrinque 10-12, 1-3
tenuioribus ante nervum marginalem evanidis interjectis, omnibus plus minusve
parallelis, utrinque prominulis, subtus magis distinctis. Cymæ terminales, breves,
graciles, 10—20-florze, pedunculo 3-5 lin. longo suffulte, minute bracteate. Calyx
(juvenilis) odconicus, subangustus, 15-2 lin. longus, lobis 4 brevibus, ovatis.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1109).
Nearest allied to E. cuneata, Wall, and E. rubicunda, Wight. The leaves come
pretty near to those of E. rubicunda in venation and form, but they are smaller and
comparatively broader. The inflorescence and the young flowers, on the other hand,
agree rather with those of E. cuneata, Wall.
MELASTOMACEA.
MELASTOMA DECEMFIDUM, Roxb., Cat. Hort. Beng. 90.
Maripari Spur, from 5000 to 5500 feet (Haviland, 1267).
154 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Distribution: Throughout Malaya; on the continent to Moulmein and to South-east
China.
MELASTOMA BECCARIANUM, Cogn. in DC. Monogr. vil. 356.
At Kiau, on the Tampassuk River, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1277).
Distribution: North Borneo.
I have not seen the type, but Dr. Haviland’s specimens, as well as some collected by
Lobb near Bruni, Sarawak, belong evidently to this species. The shape of the leaves is
very uniform, but they are sometimes almost smooth, and sometimes very rough from
short and stiff bristles. The indumentum of the calyx consists of numerous thick
processes with long fulvous hairs, which are more or less interwoven and form thus a
thick coat.
BLAsTUS COGNIAUXII, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2311.—Syn. Ochthocharis parviflora,
Cogn. in DC. Monogr. vii. 481.
Penokok, from 4000 to 6000 feet (Haviland, 1280).
Distribution: North Borneo.
The same plant was collected by Dr. Haviland on Mount Matang, at Selabut, and at
Sepudang, Sarawak. It is a true Blastus.
ANERINCLEISTUS CORDATUS, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2310. Fruticulus(?). Caulis superne
- dense fulvo-tomentellus. Folia petiolo 14-83 poll. longo fulvo-tomentello suffulta,
late subcordato-ovata, ad 9 poll. longa, ad 6 poll. lata, basi leviter cordata, sinu
angustissimo, apice breviter caudato-acuminata, integra, membranacea, supra in nervis
fulvo-tomentella, przeterea setulis minutis fulvis aspersa, nigrescentia, infra pallida, in
nervis dense, in venulis laxius tomentella, 7-9-nervia, venis transversis 2-3 lin. inter
se distantibus rectis vel subflexuosis, in margine tenuiterciliatula. Panicula termin-
alis pedunculo 4 poll. longo suffulta, 6 poll. longa, tota fulvo-tomentella. Flores 4-1
ad ramulorum secundi ordinis apices umbellatim congesti, pedunculo ad 23 lin. longo
vel brevissimo suffulti. Pedicelli circiter 1 lin. longi. Calyx turbinatus 14 lin. longus,
4-dentatus, dentibus brevissimis, latis, cbtusis, persistentibus, fulvo-tomentellus.
Petala alba, rhomboidea, acuta, 1 lin. longa. Stamina 8, subequalia; anther
majores sublineares, incurvs vel subrectze, 14 lin. longee, basi longiuscule bilobe,
obtusæ, utrinque inappendiculate, minores lineares, vix 1 lin. longze, brevius bilobe.
Ovarium lamellis angustis ad $ cum calycis tubo connectum, vertice coronula quadri-
loba, lobis emarginatis, ornatum ; stigma punctiforme. Capsula turbinata, 1} lin.
longa, quadrivalvata; valve triangulares, emarginatee.
. Penokok, alt. 3500 feet ( Haviland, 1281).
Distribution: North Borneo.
This plant was collected by Dr. Haviland in Sarawak. It is closely allied to 4. Beccarii,
Cogn., but it differs in its broader leaves and somewhat larger flowers, with a more slender
. calyx. Theanthers are in neither species spurred at the back, as is the case in 4. hirsuta,
Korth., 4. Helferi, Hook. fiL, and in A. Griffithii, Hook. fil. In A. Beccarii also the
anthers are not quite equal, and are partly purple, partly yellow ; but I doubt whether the
DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 155
latter character is constant. In a specimen of Anerincleistus Beccarii from Mt. Matang,
collected by Dr. Haviland, all the ramifications of the panicle are supported and enveloped
in a young state by densely tomentose ovoid or ovoid-lanceolate bracts, which very soon
come off. In the specimen of A. Havilandii, the scars of bracts are still to be seen on
the panicle, and it seems to me very likely, from their shape and size, that the bracts
are also of a similar kind.
DRIESSENIA GLANDULIGERA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2291. Herba 4 ped. alta. Caulis
obtuse quadrangularis, setulis plerumque glanduligeris patulis obsitus. Folia petiolo
2-81 poll. longo indumento caulis consimili induto suffulta, cordato-ovata, 4-64
poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata, basi sinu angusto cordata, apice breviter acuminata,
margine ciliata, membranacea, supra setulis brevibus adpressis paucis aspersa, ceterum
glabra, subtus in nervis setis ssepe glanduligeris patulis et preterea pilis minutis-
simis plus minusve adpressis glanduligeris vestita, 7-9-nervia, venis transversalibus
angulo fere recto ortis, anfractis, distinctis, tenuiter reticulata. Panicule axillares
a basi ramuloswe, bracteate, circiter 1 poll. longee, dense glandulose setulose, flori-
bus ad. ramulorum apices plerumque 3. Bractew ovate vel lanceolate vel lineares,
plerumqe parvee. Pedicelli 1 lin. longi. Calyx breviter turbinatus, roseus, 14-14
lin. longus, dentibus 4 subulatis, setis patulis glanduloso-capitatis laxe vestitus.
Petala alba, late ovata, 21 lin. longa, acuta. Stamina 8, eequalia; anthere aurez,
lineares, obtusee, basi antice appendicibus binis filiformibus flexuosis, postice calcare
simili sed breviore auctis. Ovarium ad medium cum calyce connatum, in vertice
coronulá breviter 4-lobá, pyramidatá ornatum ; stylus flexuosus; stigma punctiforme.
At 5000 feet ( Haviland, 1174).
See the remarks under the following species.
DRIESSENIA MICROTHRIX, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2292. Caulis superne obtuse quadran-
gularis, inferne teres, wt tota planta pilis minutissimis apice plerumque glanduligeris
obsitus. Folia petiolo 3-4 lin. longo suffulta, valde asymmetrica, ovato-oblonga, 8-9
poll. longa, 21—3 poll. lata, basi subrotundata, longe in acumen obliquum attenuata,
integerrima, membranacea, fere concoloria, utrinque sub lente valido minutissime
pilosula, 5-nervia, venis transversalibus angulo fere recto ortis, subrectis, 3-5 lin.
inter se distantibus. Inflorescentia racemoso-cymosa, ab ima basi ramosa ideoque plus
minusve fasciculata, axillaris, 3-4 lin. longa, pedicellis gracilibus, 1-13 lin. longis.
Calyx cupularis, 4—2 lin. longus, dentibus minutis, inconspicuis, latissimis, obtusis,
persistentibus. Petala alba, late rotundato-ovata, obtusa, 4-2 lin. longa. Stamina
8, subzqualia; antherw lineares, }-? lin. longze, obtusæ, basi antice appendiculis
binis + lin. longis subfiliformibus auctze, postice breviter calearatz. Ovarium ad j
calyci adnatum, vertice coronulá pyramidatá, breviter quadrilobá, persistente corona-
tum; stylus subflexuosus ; stigma punctiforme. Capsula e calyce persistente ex-
serta, 1-14 lin. longa, 4-valvis.
Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1279).
The two species of Driessenia described here have the anthers almost or quite equal ;
156 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
they are linear and obtuse, not rostrate, as in Driessenia avantha, Korth. Otherwise they
agree in all essential points with the generic characters of Driessenia. The very minute
glandular hairs, which are dispersed over both surfaces of the leaves in D. microthria,
may be also found in D. glanduligera and D. axantha, but in a very limited number and
only along the nerves. They consist of a stalk, formed by 3-5 cylindric cells, and of an
ovoid or globose, slightly enlarged terminal cell, which secretes a viscid matter. In
D. glanduligera, all parts of the plant are provided with small gland-bearing bristles,
which are homologous to those on the coronula of the ovary of D. axantha, though these
are rather reduced and very few in number.
SONERILA TENUIFOLIA, Blume, in Flora, 1831, p. 491.
Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1283) ; at 6000 feet (Low).
Distribution: Malaya, from Sumatra and Malacca to Borneo.
SUNERILA CRASSIUSCULA, Stapf, n.sp. Herba monocarpica, basi lignescens, 7-9 poll. alta,
interdum a basi ramosa. Caulis setulis crassiusculis adpressis plus minusve dense
vestitus. Folia inequalia, majora pedunculo 13-2 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-oblonga,
basi acuta vel subrotundata, apice acuta, argute serrata, crassiuscula, supra viridia,
costulá setulis adpressis obsita exceptá glaberrima, subtus purpurascentia vel intense
purpurea, in nervis et in parenchymate setulis brevibus crassiusculis arcte adpressis
vestita, 3-nervia, nervis subtus tantum conspicuis; minora multo brevius pedicellata,
ovata vel subrotunda, basi interdum subcordata, 2-3 lin. longa. Cymule 2- vel 1-florze,
plerumque ad ramorum apices, pedunculo gracili glabro 3-6 lin. longo suffultze;
pedicelli 22-4 lin. longi, sub anthesi graciles, demum incrassati, glaberrimi. Calyx
breviter tubuloso-campanulatus, 2 lin. longus, glaberrimus, dentibus late obtuseque
triangularibus, 3 lin. longis. Petala rosea (exsiccata alba), late obovato-elliptica,
43—5 lin. longa. Stamina 3; antherz e basi biloba, ovate, acuminate, 24-3 lin.
longe. Capsula turbinata, 34 lin. longa, ut in S. tenuifolia.
At 9000 feet (Haviland, 1173); Burbidge.
Nearest allied to S. tenuifolia, Blume, with which it has much in common, particularly
in the shape and structure of the flower and of the capsule. The thick, almost fleshy
leaves exhibit the same sharp serrature, and where the base is rounded or, in the smaller
leaves, subcordate, a 4th or 5th basal nerve may be seen, although these nerves are
always very faint. The leaves of each pair are—except on the uppermost internodes—very
asymmetric, but a tendency towards this may be observed also in 5. tenwifolia.
: Soueicoarees KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n.sp. Herba monocarpica, subsimplex, 7-8 poll. alta.
2i Caulis herbaceus, purpurascens, quadrangularis, minute pubescens et præterea
= parce pilis minutis plerumque glanduligeris aspersus. Folia æqualia vel subæqualia,
petiolo purpurascente, ¿-1 poll. longo suffulta, ovato-oblonga, 14-3 poll. longa,
-~ &-1 poll. lata, basi late rotundata, interdum cordata sinu brevissimo angusto, apice
E * sensim acuminata, minute crenulata, tenuia, utrinque minutissime verruculosa,
ce _ supra glabra, subtus in nervis venulisque necnon in parenchymate pilis minutissimis
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 157
papilliformibus aspersa, 7plo-nervia, duobus nervorum paribus infimis sub ipsá basi
oppositis, nervis tertii paris altioribus et plerumque alternis, venis angulo 50? ortis
valde prorsus ductis, nervis venisque purpurascentibus. Cymulæ circinoides, sub
anthesi subumbellatim contract:ze, terminales, interdum in ramulo valde abbreviato
ideoque specie axillares; pedunculus gracilis 1-2 poll. longus, purpurascens, indu-
mento caulis consimili sed parciore vestitus; pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi, superne
incrassati. Calyx obconicus, 2-21 lin. longus, dentibus late triangularibus, brevibus,
minutissime puberulus et parce glanduloso-setulosus. Petala rosea, oblonga, 4 lin.
longa, acuta. Stamina 3; anthere e basi ovata bilobá acuminato-rostrate, 3-3) lin.
longe.
In young jungle, at 3200 feet (Haviland, 1282).
Nearest allied to $. picta, Griff., from which it chiefly differs in the shape and the
nervation of the leaves. On one of the leaves there are a few small white patches along
the midrib, indicating the tendency to becoming variegated, which is the rule in S. picta,
Griff.
SONERILA PULCHELLA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba monocarpica, subsimplex, ascendens, 3-4
poll. alta. Caulis subteres, dense minuteque furfuraceo-puberulus, preeterea setulis
glanduligeris parce obsitus, rufescens. Folia subsequalia, petiolo 1-2 poll. longo
suffulta, ovata, 1-2 poll. longa, 1—1 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel acuta, apice obtusa,
minute setuloso-serrulata, tenuia, utrinque minutissime verruculosa, supra viridia,
secundum nervos albo-variegata, costulá parce furfuraceo-puberulá exceptá glabra,
subtus in nervis venulisque necnon in parenchymate furfuraceo-puberula, 5-7plo-
nervia, venis plerumque inconspicuis. Cymule circinoides, sub anthesi umbellatim
congeste, terminales; pedunculus 3 poll. longus; pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi, demum
incrassati. Calyx anguste obconicus, 23 lin. longus, indumento caulis consimili
vestitus, dentibus brevibus, late triangularibus, acutis. Petala rosea, obovato-
oblonga, 31 lin. longa, acuta. Stamina 3; anthersz e basi ovata biloba rostrato-
acuminate (?). Capsula obpyramidata, trigona, 3 lin. longa, levis, puberula vel
glabrata.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1200).
This species is still more closely allied to S. picta, Griff., from which it differs solely
in the shape of the leaves. I have seen only a single anther, and this was broken in the
middle. The basal portion, however, was exactly of the same shape as in $. picta.
SONERILA MACULATA, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. [1820] 180.
, Var. GLABRATA, Stapf, var. n. Folia subglabra, minute denticulata, non ciliata.
On the Tawaran River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1284).
Distribution (of species): From Nepal and the Khasia Hills to Upper Assam ; Borneo.
Dr. Haviland's specimens, which are mere dwarfs, agree perfectly with S. maculata,
Roxb., except in the characters mentioned above.
As the numerous specimens of Roxburgh's S. maculata which I have seen show a
great uniformity in the ciliate denticulation of their leaves, I thought it expedient to
distinguish the Bornean form as a variety, though on otherwise trifling characters.
Y
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
158 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
SONERILA BORNEENSIS, Cogn. in DC. Monogr. vii. 509.
, var. SETULOSA, Stapf, n. var. Folia breviora, latiora, tenuiora, supra setulosa,
subtus in nervis adpresse hirsuta.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1285).
I have not seen the type of this species, but I believe that I recognize it in several
specimens collected by Dr. Haviland near Kuching.
The plant from Kinabalu differs in the characters indicated above; yet the speci-
mens from Kuching show a considerable variability in the shape of their leaves, which
brings them in one specimen very near to the variety setulosa. The indumentum is also
exactly of the same kind, but it is much scantier and there are hardly any bristles on the
upper surface of the leaves. The species approaches closely S. Beccariana, Cogn.
PHYLLAGATHIS UNIFLORA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2280. Herba monocarpica, lignescens,
e basi ramosa, 6-9 poll. alta. Ramuli novelli dense rufo-hirsuti, demum glabres-
centes, pallidi, subteretes. ^ Folia valde inequalia, majora petiolo 3-4 lin. longo
dense rufo-hirsuto suffulta, oblongo-lanceolata, 1-13 poll. longa, i poll. lata, basi
acuta vel rotundata, apice acutiuscula vel subobtusa, a medio in margine minute
serrata, firmula, supra obscure viridia, secundum costam utrinque 3-5 setulis adpressis
uniseriatis obsita, preeterea pilis minutissimis, primo dense, deinde laxissime vestita,
infra pallida, in nervis adpresse rufo-hirsuta, in venis venulisque et partim in paren-
chymate pilis minutissimis rufis conspersa, 5plo-nervia, pare nervorum infimo ssepe
tenuiet indistincto; folia minora majoribus consimillima, sed multo minora vel minima,
brevissime petiolata. Flores solitarii in axillis foliorum, raro terminales; pedicelli
crassiusculi, 12-1 lin. longi, basi bibracteati. Calycis tubus breviter subcampanu-
latus, subtetragonus, 2 lin. longus, parce pilis minutissimis rufis conspersus; limbus
4-lobus deciduus; lobi e basi triangulari lineares subulati, falcato-recurvi, 14 lin.
longi. Petala rosea, obovata, acuta, 4 lin. longa. Stamina 8, «equalia; filamenta
1; lin. longa ; antherze lineares, 1-12 lin. longæ, obtuse, basi antice minute bilob:e,
inappendiculate, connectivo postice in calcar breve abeunte. Ovarium subglobosum,
ad 3 calyci adnatum, in vertice coronulá obpyramidatá, tetragoná ornatum; stylus
3 lin. longus; stigma punctiforme. Capsula subhemispheerica, obtuse tetragona,
2-25 lin. longa, glaberrima, albida, valvulis breviter bilobis. Semina oblique ovato-
oblonga, $ lin. longa, granulata, nitidula ; hilum basilare; raphe tenuis lateralis.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1172).
See the remarks under the following species.
PHYLLAGATHIS ELLIPTICA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2279. Herba monocarpica, erecta
vel e basi repente radicante ascendens, 3-5 poll.alta. Caulis quadrangularis, superne
dense hirsutiusculus, e£ imprimis ad nodos setis longis, pallidis, flexuosis vestitus.
Folia equalia vel subequalia, petiolo 4-4 poll. longo, indumento caulis consimil-
limo vestito suffulta, elliptica, obovata vel oblonga, 2-31 poll. longa, 12 poll. lata,
basi rotundata, obtusa, minute denticulata, supra primo villosa, demum glabrata,
subtus in nervis venulisque adpresse hirsuta, 5-7-nervia. Cymuli 2-3-flori, sub-
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 159
sessiles, terminales vel axillares ; pedunculus crassiusculus, brevissimus, bibracteatus.
Bractew ovate, 2-3 lin. longe. Pedicelli graciles, 8-9 lin. longi, glaberrimi, demum
incrassati. Calyx breviter campanulatus, 11 lin. longus, glaber, minute verru-
culosus ; limbus deciduus, 4-lobus; lobi ovato-lanceolati, Jaleato-recurvi, vix 1 lin.
longi, apicem versus setulis paucis ciliati. Petala rosea, oblonga vel obovata,
5 lin. longa. Stamina $, sequalia ; filamenta 13 lin. longa; anther aureze, lineari-
laneeolate, 13 lin. longee, obtusiuscule, basi vix bilobe, antice appendiculatee,
postice breviter calcarate. Ovarium ut in P. wniflord. | Capsula subhemispherica,
subtetragona, costulis prominulis 8; valve 4, emarginate.
In damp places, from 4000 to 5000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1286).
A very well-marked species, nearer allied to P. tonkinensis, Stapf, than to the Bornean
species hitherto known, but differing remarkably in the shape and the indumentum of
the leaves, the almost sessile few-flowered cymes, the smaller anthers, and the distinctly
emarginate valves. The extremely short peduncle and the reduction of the involucre
to two small bracts give the plant a very different appearance when compared with
P. tonkinensis, but the floral structure is the same, apart from the smaller size and the
more linear shape of the anthers; and the ripe capsule is almost exactly of the same
kind in both species. The general appearance, however, of P. uniflora is so very different
from that of any Phyllagathis we know that I should not have hesitated to make it the
type of a new genus if the structure of the flower and the capsule were not exactly the
same as in P. elliptica; besides, the indumentum and the texture of the leaf point likewise
to Phyllagathis. The inflorescence, too, though totally different at the first glance from
that of P. rotundifolia, can easily be understood when compared with that of P. elliptica.
The reduction of the peduncle and of the bracts is carried on still a little further and
the cyme reduced to a single flower. It is true the habit is very different; but if we
remember the great variety which the genus Sonerila exhibits in its vegetative archi-
tecture, while yet so uniform in its plan, we cannot separate the plant in question from
Phyllagathis only on account of the habit.
MARUMIA PACHYGYNA, Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 242, t. 59.
On the edge of a clearing, Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1345).
Distribution : Borneo.
The leaves of the Kinabalu specimen agree exactly with those of M. stellulata, Blume,
which comes extremely near and only differs in the ciliate calyx and the smaller flowers.
Dr. Haviland says in a note, “ petals white." Korthals figures them pink. The
colour evidently varies from pink to white.
DISSOCHETA ANNULATA, Hook. fil., ex Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 83.
At Bongol, on the Tawaran River, alt. 1200 feet (Haviland, 1385).
Distribution: West Malaya, from Penang to Borneo; Ceram.
DissocHaTA HIRSUTA, Hook. fil., ex Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 83.
Climbing in trees in young jungle on the Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet, and near Kiau,
alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1287, 1288).
x2
160
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Distribution : Borneo.
The ripe fruit is purple and 5-53 lin. long.
MEDINILLA STEPHANOSTEGIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex vel suffrutex. Ramuli teretes,
novelli selulis rufis furfuraceo-puberulis brevissimis vestiti, mox glabrati, albidi,
ad nodos stuposo-barbati. Folia opposita, petiolo 14 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-
elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica, 2-21 poll. longa, 1-1; poll. lata, basi rotundata,
breviter obtuseque acuminata, primo utrinque parce setulis seepe minutis furfuraceo-
puberulis aspersa, mox glaberrima, 3-5-nervia vel 3-5plo-nervia, s:sepissime pare
infimo nervorum tenuissimo. Panicula terminalis multiflora, 3-4 poll. longa,
minute parceque furfuracea, ramis 3-4 verticillatis patentibus, bracteis suffultis,
cymas 3-1-floras bracteatas gerentibus. Bractee oblonge vel oblongo-lanceolate,
3-6 lin. longe, membranacee, albe vel pallide rosee. Pedicelli 1-3 lin. longi.
Calyx breviter campanulatus, 2 lin. longus, glaber, limbo integro, membranaceo.
Petala rosea, late ovata, 4 lin. longa, obtusissima, interdum apiculo minuto terminata.
Stamina 8, sequalia vel subzequalia; anthere e basi biloba lanceolate 2 lin. longe,
lobis processubus connectivi adnatis et brevissime ultra eos productis carinatis, postice
in calear deflexum breve abeuntes. Ovarium ad medium calycis tubum adnatum,
inferne lamellis 4 ad verticem annulo crasso coronatum ductis eum tubo conjunctum.
Stylus 3-4 lin. longus. Bacca calycis limbo persistente coronata, globosa, 2j lin.
dimetiens.
At 7600 feet (Haviland, 1171).
Allied to M. himalayana, Hook. fil., and probably to M. eximia, Blume, which 1 know
from description only. From M. himalayana it differs, apart from the indumentum,
in the rich, whorled, and multibracteate panicles. it is also related to some of
the
Philippine species, as M. bracteata, Blume, and M. luzonensis, Hook. fil., but less
clearly.
MEDINILLA UROPHYLLA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex alte scandens. Rami ramulique teretes,
glabri, demum albidi. Folia ternata, petiolo 4 poll. longo suffulta, obovato-oblonga,
25-9 poll. longa, 1-13 poll. lata, basi acuta, sepe breviter in petiolum decurrentia,
caudato-acuminata, subtus minutissime punctato-furfuracea, 3-nervia, nervis supra
leviter impressis, subtus prominentibus, venis transversis vix conspicuis. Cymz
axillares, pauciflore, plerumque umbelliformes, rarius racemose disposit:e, pedun-
culo 3-1 poll. longo suffultee. Pedicelli 4-6 lin. longi. Calyx breviter cupulari-
campanulatus, 23 lin. longus, glaber, limbo integerrimo. Petala 5 alba, late
obovata, 4 lin. longa, obtusa. Stamina 10, equalia; anther longitudine tantum
paulo insequales, lineari-lanceolate, acuminate, 2-3 lin. longe; connectivum antice
in lobos 2 obtusos productum, postice calearatum. Ovarium usque ad verticem
calyci adnatum, lamellulis 10 angustis ad annulum staminigerum demum incras-
satum ascendentibus. Bacca alba, globosa, 3 lin. dimetiens, limbo persistente
coronata. m
.. Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1278).
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 161
Allied to Medinilla crassinervia, Blume, and M. quintuplinervis, Cogn., but distinguished
from both by the ternate leaves, and, besides, from the former by the caudate apex of
the leaves and the smaller flowers and fruits, and from the latter by the distinct
3-nerved leaves, the 5-merous flowers, and the longer inflorescences. It approaches
still more to an undescribed species, collected by Forbes in New Guinea (no. 932),
which has also ternate caudate leaves, but much larger flowers.
MEDINILLA LASIOCLADOS, Stapf, n.sp. Frutex. Ramuli novelli teretes vel subtetragoni,
dense setulis rufo-tomentosis vestiti, demum glabrescentes; rami vetustiores robusti,
tetragoni vel subteretes, glabrati, lenticellis tuberculiformibus obsiti. Folia oppo-
sita, elliptico-oblonga, 23-3 poll. longa, 14 poll. lata, basi rotundata, apice acuta,
crassiuscula, in gemmd subtus densissime rufo-stellato-tomentosa, mox glabrescentia,
S-nervia vel 3plo-nervia, evenia vel subevenia. Cymul: axillares, sepe in ramis
annotinis pauciflore, 1—2 poll. longe, bracteate, furfuraceo-tomentelle. Bracteze
ovate, 3—15 lin. longe, acute, membranacee, bine, sub calyce persistentes. Pedicelli
brevissimi, 5-7 lin. longi. Calyx ovoideo-campanulatus, vix 2 lin. longus, rufo-
Jurfuraceus, demum glabrescens et minute bullato-rugosus, limbo integerrimo.
Petala rosea, 4, late obovata, 23 lin. longa, obtusa. Stamina 8, sub:equalia ; anthere
lineari-lanceolate, 1 lin. paulo longiores, basi brevissime bilobw, lobis connectivi
processubus adnatis carinatis, postice breviter calcarate. Ovarium ad medium calyci
adnatum, superne lamellis ad annulum staminigerum demum incrassatum ascen-
dentibus cum eo conjunctum.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1225).
Allied to an undescribed species from New Guinea (Forbes, 305) and to M. rhodo-
chlena, A. Gray, from the Fiji and Samoan Islands, but distinguished by tri-nerved or
tripli-nerved leaves, much smaller bracts, and, so far as Forbes's plant is concerned, by a
different indumentum.
ANPLECTRUM HOMEANDRUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex humilis. Ramuli novelli teretes,
graciles, minute rufo-furfuracel, mox glabrati ; rami vetustiores cortice badio longi-
tudinaliter fisso et secundum marginibus laciniarum soluto. Folia opposita, lamina
in plano mediano expansá, petiolo 1 lin. longo suffulta, ovata (sine acumine), 14-13
poll. longa, 2-1 poll. lata, basi rotundata, longe caudato-acuminata, acumine lineari
13 poll. longo, vix $ lin. lato, obtuso, coriacea, in gemma minute furfuracea, mox
glabrata, supra opaca, subtus subnitida, 3plo-nervia vel pare infimo tenuissimo
addito sub 5plo-nervia, nervis supra impressis, venis inconspicuis, Cymul*e 3-1-
Aore, breves, pedunculo 1-2 lin. longo suffulte, rufo-furfuracew, bracteate. Bracteze
lanceolatze, acutee, 3 lin. longæ. Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Calyx breviter ovoideo-
campanulatus, 13 lin. longus, minute furfuraceus; limbus basi: circumcirca con-
strictus, quadrilobus; lobi e basi ovata subulati, 4 lin. longi. Petala 4, rosea,
oblongo-lanceolata, 21-3 lin. longa. Stamina 8, subequalia, anthere 4 oblongo-
lineares, basi brevissime bilobze, connectivo non vel vix bicalloso, postice in calear
applanatum, obtriangulare, filamentum subamplectens producto, fertiles ; anthere 4
162 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
vix minores, connectivo antice in processus binos breves obtusos producto, postice
in calear breve conicum abeunte. Ovarium ad verticem subplanum calycis tubo
adnatum. Bacca globosa, 1} lin. dimetiens, calyce persistente coronata, rubra.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1170).
Closely allied to Anplectrum myrtiforme, Naudin (= Medinilla myrtiformis, Triana), and
distinguished only by the longer acumen of the rather tripli-nerved than quintupli-nerved
leaves and by much shorter inflorescences. This species and likewise 4. myrtiforme are,
in spite of their almost equal anthers, true Anplectrums. They have quite the habit of
Anplectrum, and agree also in the structure of the leaves and of the bark. Whether the
smaller set of the anthers is fertile or not, I am not able to make out from the material
at my disposal.
KIBESSIA TESSELLATA, Stapf, n. sp. Rami obtuse tetragoni, angulis anguste crispo-undu-
latis, glabri. Folia sessilia vel subsessilia, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, 33-53 poll. longa,
2-23 poll. lata, basi late rotundata, plerumque plus minusve cordata, apice sensim
in acumen angustum obtusum producta, tenuiter coriacea, concoloria, glaberrima,
5-nervia, nervis supra impressis, infra cum venis transversis prominulis. Cymulæ
3-1-flore, axillares, singule vel paucæ fasciculate, 3-1 poll. longze, bracteatee,
glabre. Bracteze ovatee, minute. Calycis tubus hemisphiericus, squamis rhomboideis,
crassis, subplanis vel wnbonatis, vel summis ovatis acutis vestitus, sub anthesi 24-3 lin.
longus; limbus late conicus, caudato-apiculatus, 3 lin. longus. Petala lilacino-
cerulea, ovato-triangularia, acuta, 3 lin. longa. Anthere dolabriformes, utrinque
inappendiculate, 1 lin. longze. Bacca depresso-globosa, 5 lin. dimetiens, squamis—
marginalibus exceptis—applanatis, inconspicuis.
At Koung, on the Tampassuk River, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1303).
Closely allied to K. simplex, Korth. (K. echinata, Cogn.), and to an undescribed species
from Penang (C. Curtis, 953), but differing from both in the winged stem and the sessile
leaves, and, besides, from the former in the glabrous and short scales on the calyx and
from the latter in the gradually tapering apex of the leaves.
MEMECYLON LAVIGATUM, Blume, Mus. Bot. i. 358.
Low flooded land, near Tawaran (Haviland, 1384).
Distribution : Malaya, on the mainland as far as Tavoy.
The distribution of this species is in all probability much wider, as the characters
supposed to distinguish it from several of the allied species are so trifling and so artificial
that they ean hardly be considered sufficient to maintain it as a distinct species. It
approaches so near to M. edule, Roxb., that either part of that species must be transferred
to M. levigatum, or M. levigatum should be included in it as a variety. In any case,
the species of Memecylon have been multiplied far too much ; a revision, however, of
the genus, based on dried material only, would be very difficult.
MEMECYLON LANCEOLATUM, Cogn. in DC. Monogr. vii. 1157.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1168).
I do not consider this determination as definitive. The species belongs to the doubtful
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 163
group just mentioned. It differs from typical Memecylon levigatum chiefly in the narrower
leaves with a longer acumen, in the longer pedicels, and a more conspicuous, distinctly
4-lobed calyx-limb. The leaves of M. lanceolatum vary from lanceolate (13-2 : 4 in.)
with hardly any acumen to elliptic-oblong (13-2: 1 in.) with a very distinct acumen,
and are 4—6 lin. in length. It is the latter form (Beccari, S. P. 2424) which is represented
in the Kinabalu specimen, whilst the former (Beccari, 2118) is the type from which
Cogniaux drew his description. The leaves of Dr. Haviland’s specimen are olive-green to
olive-brown above and yellowish green beneath, whilst those of Beccari's specimens are
_very dark above and olive-brown beneath, and an analogous difference is obvious in the
colouring of the young branchlets. I doubt, however, very much whether this difference
is a character of specific value. The berries of the Kinabalu plant are smooth,
about 4 lin. in diameter, and supported by a pedicel 1-14 lin. long. The pedicels rise
from a very short common peduncle, and bear each two minute bracts at the base.
PLETHIANDRA Hookert, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami crassiusculi, teretes, cortice
cinereo-albido. Folia petiolo 1 lin. longo, crasso suffulta, vel subsessilia, 21—4 poll.
longa, 12-2 poll. lata, basi subrotundata, apice obtusissima vel subretusa, crasse
coriacea, subconcoloria, utrinque nitidula, 5pli-nervia, paribus nervorum remotis,
evenia. Flores axillares 3, rarius 4 vel 5 fasciculati. Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi,
crassiusculi, purpurei. Calyx urceolato-campanulatus, 24 lin. longus, glaberrimus,
purpureus, limbo crassiusculo integro. Petala 6 rosea, obovato-elliptica, acuta, 3
lin. longa. Stamina vix 30 annulo incrassato inserta, exteriora 6 vel paulo plura
longiora; filamenta circa 2 lin. longa; antherz lineares, obtusze, 1 lin. longs, basi
inconspicue bilobe, postice minutissime calcarate, apice poro dehiscentes. Ovarium,
usque ad verticem in medio leviter depressum, calyci adnatum, 6-loculare; septa
tenuissima; placentze bifidee ex angulo superiore orte. Bacca (immatura) globosa,
limbo calycino coronata, in vertice annulo staminigero persistente instructa.
At 6600 feet (Haviland, 1169).
There is no doubt that the plant just described belongs to Plethiandra, a genus founded
by Sir Joseph Hooker on a rather poor specimen collected by Motley in Labuan. This
genus was placed at the end of Melastomacez by the authors of * Genera Plantarum,’
and amongst Astroniez by Cogniaux. The excellent material which is now in my hands
enables me to determine its true position. It is nearest allied to Medinilla—so near,
indeed, that it could be treated almost as a polyandrous section or subgenus of it. The
general habit is exactly that of Medinilla, and the floral structure differs but little,
apart from the number of the stamens. 'There are 6-merous species in various groups of
Medinilla. The stamens are inserted, as in Medinilla, on the thickened annular internal
margin of the calyx-tube in a single series, or nearly so; but the anthers are grouped
finally more or less in concentric rows. Their shape differs from that of typical Medinilla
in the almost absolute suppression of the processes of the connective and in their exactly
linear shape. They open with pores like Medinilla. The authors of * Genera Plantarum’
say “rimis longitudinalibus antice dehiscentibus.” I have not observed this mode of
dehiscence either in P. Hookeri or in another new species from Sarawak, collected by
164 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Dr. Haviland; and I find it only in a single flower in the type specimen. In this
the few anthers which are still attached are slit from the top to the base, but the margins
of the cell gape so much that the cell-septa are exposed, and, as the margins are more-
over jagged, I suppose the state of these anthers is abnormal. On the other hand, we
know certain Medinillas the anthers of which open with a short terminal slit. There-
fore, if the anthers of P. Motleyi, Hook. fil, should indeed always open with a longi-
tudinal slit, this would in no degree disprove the affinity of Plethiandra and
Medinilla. The ovary is described by Sir Joseph Hooker as 4-locular. The only ovary of
P. Motleyi which I dissected was in a rather advanced state, when the exceedingly thin
septa are very apt to break either by the expansion of the growing fruit or by the
slightest pressure. But, if I was not very much mistaken, it is also 6-merous. ‘The very
delicate structure of the septa may easily account for the oversight of one or more of
them. The placentation is also exactly as in Medinilla.
SAMYDACEA.
CASEARIA LEUCOLEPIS, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. (1858) i. 463.
On the Tawaran River (Haviland, 1388).
Distribution: Malaya, from Java to the Philippines.
BEGONIACE.
BEGONIA ADENOSTEGIA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Platycentrum). Herba epiphytica. Caulis
gracilis, inferne induratus atque radicans, superne rubellus vel ruber, breviter cris-
pule hirsutus. Folia petiolo, rubello crispule hirsuto, 3-5 lin. longo suffulta, valde
oblique ovata, 3—4 poll. longa, 13-13 poll. lata, basi valde asymmetrica, unilateraliter
cordata, in latere extus spectante in lobum magnum rotundum producta, in latere
interiore non vel vix auriculata, apice acuminata, in margine obscure denticulata,
firme membranacea, supra glaberrima, subtus in nervis adpresse rufo-furfuraceo-
hirsuta, in parte exteriore nervis basalibus 3-4, altius 2-3 lateralibus additis, in
interiore nervo solitario basali percursa, venulis imprimis supra prominulis reticu-
lata. Stipulee ovate vel oblong:e, 3-4 lin. longze, acute vel obtuse, margine plus
minusve glandulis brevissime crasseque stipitatis obsite, demum deciduse. Inflores-
centia terminalis, rarius pseudolateralis et folio opposita; mascula racemosa vel
parce paniculata, pluriflora, 11-3 poll. longa; feminea uniflora, 14 poll. longa; in
utroque sexu pluribracteata. Bracteze opposite, cordato-ovate vel cordato-rotun-
datze, inferiores 3 lin. longze, membranaceze, venosw, breviter glandulose Jimbriate.
Pedicelli florum masculorum 2-1 lin. longi, femineorum demum 6-8 lin. longi. Flos
masculus: Sepala alba rotundata, basi connata, 3 lin. longa. Petala alba 2, oblonga,
2 lin. longa. Stamina monadelpha; filamenta imá basi connata, 1-2 lin. longa;
antherze ovate vel oblongæ, apice emarginatz. Flos femineus: Perigonii lobi 5,
albi, ovati, majores 4 lin. longi. Ovarium glabrum, trialatum, alis oblique obovatis
in pedicello breviter decurrentibus ; styli 2, 1 lin. longi, iteratim dichotomi ;
stigmata in divisionum apicibus capitata, valde papillosa ; loculi 2 ; placentee bifidze.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 165
Capsula nutans, 6 lin. longa, alis 3 insequalibus, majore subquadrato-rotundatá,
6 lin. latá, minoribus oblique obovatis, 31 lin. latis, facie ventrali (alis minoribus
circumdatá) circumscissá, decidua, faciebus dorsalibus primo juxta alas minores,
demum circumcirca dehiscentibus.
Kinitaki, alt. 4500 feet (Haviland, 1270).
Allied to Begonia varians, A. DC., and B. rupicola, Miq., but very distinct by the
peculiar inflorescence and the stalked glands of the bracts and stipules.
BEGONIA BURBIDGEI, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Bracteibegonia). Herba 6-8 ped. alta. Caulis
inferne induratus, superne parce crispule hirsutus, internodiis 1-13 poll. longis.
Folia petiolo parce hirsutulo purpurascente 1-13 poll. longo suffulta, valde
asymmetrica, oblique cordato-ovata, 3-4 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata, in latere
exteriore in lobum amplum rotundum producta, in latere interiore inauri-
culata, apice acuminata, repando-denticulata, firmula, utrinque glaberrima,
lucida, in parte majore nervis basalibus 4-5 atque lateralibus 2-3 additis
(intermediis 3 eximie bifurcatis), in parte minore nervis basalibus 2, lateralibus
2 additis, omnibus purpurascentibus, venulis inconspicuis. Inflorescentia mascula
terminalis, 1-2-polliearis, parce dichotome ramosa, 3-5-flora, internodiis (infimis
interdum exceptis) bracteis multo brevioribus ; feminea ex folii summi axillá uniflora
vel dichotoma biflora, 11-2 poll. longa, bibracteata. Bractew in inflorescentiá
maseulà opposite, imbricate, late obovate, 5-8 lin. longe, membranacee, viridi-
albide, glaberrime, persistentes. Pedicelli 2 lin. lmgi vel subnulli. Flos masculus :
Sepala 2 rotundato-quadrata, 6-10 lin. longa, albida, roseo-suffusa. Petala 2, ovato-
oblonga, 4 lin. longa, alba. Stamina basi connata; filamesta 4-1 lin. longa;
antherz lineari-oblong:e, obtuse, 1 lin. long:e. Flos femineus: Perianthii lobi 5,
late obovati vel oblongi, majores ad 9-15 lin. longi. Ovarium subequaliter triala-
tum, glaberrimum ; styli 3 breviter bierures; stigmata in marginibus crurum tort-
orum; loculi 3; placentee bifidee. Capsula a basi juxta alas dehiscens. Semina
oblonga, + lin. longa, apiculata, laxissime reticulata,
At 7600 feet ( Haviland, 1188); in wet shady jungle above Kiau (Burbidge).
A very remarkable species, distinguished by the large, crowded, and persistent
bracts.
BEGONIA OBLONGIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Petermannia). Caulis breviter crispule hir-
sutus. Folia petiolo 4-2 lin. longo eodem indumento ac caulis vestito suffulta,
oblique oblonga, 4-61 poll. longa, 13 poll. lata, in latere exteriore majore in lobum
rotundatum brevissimum petiolo adnatum producta, in interiore rotundata, apice
acuminata, serrulata, tenuiter membranacea, supra obscure viridia, imá basi excepta
glaberrima, subtus pallidiora, in nervis furfuraceo-puberula, nervis basalibus in latere
exteriore 2-3, in latere interiore l, lateralibus utrinque 6-7 angulo vix 40° ortis,
subrectis. Stipulz lineari-oblongze, 6-7 lin. longz, acute, membranacee, furfuraceo-
puberule. Inflorescentia (mascula tantum nota) terminalis, paniculata, multiflora,
furfuraceo-puberula, bracteata, fere 3 poll. longa. Bracteze sub ramis primariis
stipulis conformes, paulo minores, ceterum minim:e. Pedicelli graciles, ad 2 lin.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. Z
166 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
longi. Flos masculus: Sepala alba, rotunda, vix 2 lin. dimetientia. Petala nulla;
filamenta basi connata brevissima; anthere obovato-cuneate, obtuss, vix 3 lin.
longe. Capsula (ex icone) obovato-oblonga, ultra-pollicaris, trialata, alis equalibus,
2 lin. longis.
Near the Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1308).
Very like Begonia lepida, Blume, in general habit, but easily distinguished by the
profuse inflorescence and the small apetal flowers. The latter character brings it to the
section Petermannia, which is separable only artificially from $ Bracteibegonia.
BEGONIA BORNEENSIS, A.DC., Prodr. xv. part i. 320 ($ Petermannia).
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1189). :
Distribution: Borneo.
There is no description of the male flowers in De Candolle's * Prodromus.' "Therefore
I give it here :—
Inflorescentia inascula terminalis, interdum ex folii summi axillà altera addita, panicu-
lata, ramulis gracilibus, longe racemosis, ad 14 poll. longis, bracteatis; bracteze
oblongz, caducze, 13 lin. longe vel minores, membranacex. Sepala alba, ovata vel
oblonga, 14 lin. longa. Petala nulla. Antherze in toro elongato subsessiles, obovate,
3 lin. longe.
The female inflorescence is axillary, from the axil of the uppermost leaf. It is reduced
to a short peduncle with two pedicels about 9 lin. long. In its place there is in one of
the Kinabalu specimens a male inflorescence. The capsules of the type are a little
longer and their pedicels shorter, but the difference does not seem to me sufficient to
make the Kinabalu plant a variety.
BEGONIA INOSTEGIA, Stapf, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2309 /8 Petermannia). Caulis, ut petioli et in-
florescentia, breviter crispule hirsutus, inferne glabratus. Folia petiolo 3-1 poll. longo
suffulta, late et oblique cordato-ovata, 5-6 poll. longa, 4-5 poll. lata, sinu latissimo,
apice acuminata, repando-denticulata, tenuiter membranacea, subconcoloria, maculata,
supra basi exceptá glaberrima, subtus in nervis minute furfuraceo-puberula, in parte
majore exteriore nervis basalibus 5-6, in minore 3, lateralibus 3 vel 2 additis, fere
omnibus semel vel bis furcatis. Stipule persistentes, ovate acute, 4-7 lin. longe,
nervis crebris in setas 4— lin. longas excurrentibus crinito-fimbriate. Inflorescentia
mascula terminalis, iteratim tri- vel dichotoma, pedunculo 10 lin. longo suffulta, ?
poll. longa, in raeemulos breves abiens, bracteata. Bractez stipulis conformes,
minores summe oblonge, haud fünbriate. | Pedicelli 2-1 lin. longi, graciles. Inflores-
centia feminea ex folii summi axillà ad flores geminos ebracteatos redacta, pedi-
cellis recurvis 10 lin. longis. Flos masculus: Sepala 2 alba, ovata vel oblonga,
2 lin. longa. Petala nulla. Stamina in toro filiformi elongato inserta; filamenta
brevia vel brevissima; antheree obovate 3 lin. longe. Flos femineus ignotus.
. Capsula obovoidea, 5-6 lin. longa, alis 3-14 lin. latis basi ultra loculos produetis ;
loculi 3 juxta alas dehiscentes; placente integre. Semina minuta, breviter cylin-
driea, ¿ lin. longa, laxissime reticulata.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 167
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1190).
Very remarkable from the long fibres into which the nerves of the stipules and bracts
run out. Otherwise the plant approaches Begonia borneensis, A. DC., in the general
habit and in the floral structure.
UMBELLIFER.E.
HYDROCOTYLE JAVANICA, Thunb. Diss. ii. 415, t. 2.
Bed of the Dahombang, alt. 3000 feet ( Haviland, 1273).
Distribution: All over Malaya to the Philippines and Australia ; Indo-China to Hupeh
and Ichang; Khasia, Himalaya; Ceylon and Malabar.
According to Dr. Haviland, the plant is said to be used by the Dusuns like “ tuba,”
for poisoning fish.
The specimen referred to H. javanica in Fl. of Trop. Africa iii. 4 is hot that species.
TRACHYMENE SANICUL&FOLIA, Stapf, in Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 2308. Perennis. Rhizoma pro-
stratum vel ascendens, ramosum. Rami in individuis in rupium fissuris crescentibus
valde abbreviati, dense foliorum residuis squamiformibus vestiti, sub ipsá facie rupium
iteratim ramulosi, ramulis brevissimis densissime foliis vestitis et seapos umbelligeros
edentibus; in individuis soli humidioris sepe valde elongati, in parte subter-
raneá crebre radicantes, in parte supraterraneá e basi longe prostratá ascendentes,
pedunculos ex axillis foliorum edentes, caulis badii patule rufo-hirsuti internodiis
in plantà luxuriante ad 1 poll. longis vel longioribus. Folia petiolo glabro vel rufo-
hirsuto 21-4 poll. longo suffulta, ambitu cordato-orbicularia, plerumque transverse
latiora, ad 3 triloba, lobis obovato-cuneatis, aeute tridentatis vel in majoribus trilo-
bulatis, lobulis tridentatis et dentibus interdum in latere exteriore denticulo auctis,
4-12 lin. longa, 8-18 lin. lata, crassiuscula, glaberrima vel utrinque hirsuta.
Pedunculi (vel scapi) teretes, nudi, 21-9 poll. longi, tenuiter striati, rubelli. Invo-
lucri phylla linearia vel lanceolato-linearia acuta, 2-4 lin. longa, glaberrima vel
hirsuta ciliataque. Pedicelli sub anthesi phyllis «equilongi, deinde paulo longiores,
glabri vel parce hirsutuli. Calycis dentes persistentes, triangulares, distincti.
Petala alba, obovata vel elliptica, 1-1} lin. longa, supra costulá medianá notata.
Antherze roses, elliptieze. Styli demum deflexi, vix 4 lin. longi. Fructus a latere
valde compressus, reniformis, 14-13 lin. longus, 13-27 lin. latus; mericarpia
sequalia vel subzequalia, glaberrima, atropurpurea vel brunnea, exalata, jugis inter-
mediis tenuissimis, marginibus interioribus approximatis,
From 7000 feet to the top, in the higher region in crevices of the rock and very
stunted (Low, Burbidge : Haviland, 1130, 1162).
Nearest allied to T. humilis, Hook. fil., from the alpine and subalpine region of Victoria
and Tasmania. The stunted, glabrous form agrees perfectly with T. humilis so far as its
growth is concerned. The involucrum, the umbels, the flowers and fruits are, apart
from the hairiness, exactly the same in both of the Kinabalu forms, and they differ hardly
at all from those of T. humilis. Thus the main difference is in the shape of the leaves,
and is rather considerable. The stunted and the creeping forms from Kinabalu look at
Z 2
168 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
the first glance very different, but this difference is evidently and exclusively due to the
extreme abbreviation of the internodes in the stunted form, and this again is caused by
the conditions of the habitat. The hairiness or glabrousness is still less constant. There
are hairy and glabrous stunted, and hairy and glabrous prostrate specimens. The same
kind of hairiness, though in a minor degree, may be found on the petioles and the
involucre of a specimen of Trachymene humilis from the Limestone River, collected by
Sir F. v. Mueller, whilst all other specimens I have seen are glabrous.
RUBIACEA.
ARTHROPHYLLUM DIVERSIFOLIUM, Blume, Bijdr. 879.
On the Tampassuk River near Kiau, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1254).
Distribution: All over Malaya, from the Andamans and Penang to North Borneo.
WENDLANDIA PANICULATA, DC., Prodr. iv. 411.
In young jungle near Kiau, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1366).
Distribution: Malayan Archipelago, from Java to Borneo and the Moluccas.
ARGOSTEMMA BRACHYANTHERUM, Stapf, n.sp. Herba simplex e basi prostratá ascendens,
circa 4 poll. alta. Caulis adpresse hirtello-pubescens. Folia opposita, valde insequalia ;
majora petiolo 1-14 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel ovato-elliptica vel obovato-
elliptica, 14 poll. longa, 7-9 lin. lata, basi rotundata et plerumque plus minusve
asymmetrica, breviter acuminata, membranacea, supra obscure viridia, glaberrima
vel marginem versus vel in margine parce pilosula, supra brunnea, in nervis adpresse
hirtello-pubescentia, nervis utrinque circiter 8: minora sessilia, plerumque ad subulam
brevem redacta, rarius lamin’ ovato-lanceolatá ad 3 lin. longi. Stipule ovate ad
3 lin. longze, obtusze, minute et parce hirtellæ, tenuiter membranaceze. Inflorescentia
terminalis, breviter pedunculata, umbellatim 3-flora vel ad florem solitarium redacta ;
pedicelli hirtello-pubescentes 3-4 lin. longi. Calyx turbinatus, adpresse hirtellus ;
tubus 1 lin. longus, dentes triangulares 1 lin. longi. Corolla alba, breviter campa-
nulata, 2 lin. longa, ad medium 5-lobata, extus densiuscule hirtella, intus in lobis
ciliatis papillosa. Filamenta brevissima, tubo imd basi inserta, anthere leviter
coherentes, oblonge, 3 lin. longe, breviter obtuseque apiculate, rim’ longitudinaliter
dehiscentes. Stylus filiformis, 2 lin. longus; stigma capitatum.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1326).
Quite of the habit of 4. uniflorum, Blume, but very different in the structure of the
androecium ; besides, the lobes of the calyx and the corolla are shorter and broader.
ARGOSTEMMA GRACILE, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XII. n. 10-12.) Herba prostrata in truncis
arborum deciduarum. Caulis radicans, glaber. Folia opposita, valde inzequalia,
insigniter disticha; majora brevissime petiolata, oblonga, 5-7 lin. longa, 2-21 lin.
~ lata, basi rotundata, apice apiculata, membranacea, supra obscure viridia, subtus
pallida, utrinque in cost& fulvo-hirtella, evenia ; minora subsessilia, ovata, ad 3 lin.
bs longs, basi i in latere extus spectante auriculata lobo acutiusculo. Stipulæ foliacez,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 169
breviter cordate, 2-7 lin. longee, minute setaceo-caudatee. Flos solitarius, terminalis,
subsessilis. Calyx campanulato-turbinatus ; tubus adpresse hirsutus, 12 lin.
longus; lobi equilongi, late ovali, obtusiusculi. Corolla alba, late campanulata,
4 lin. longa, fere ad medium 5-loba, glaberrima; lobi ovati acuti. Stamina 5, in
imá basi corolle inserta, libera; filamenta nigricantia, 4 lin. longa; anthere
oblonge exapiculate, longitudinaliter dehiscentes, 4 lin. longe. Capsula hemi-
spheerica, 2 lin. longa, lobis calycinis paulo auctis coronata. Semina numerosa,
angulata, + lin. longa.
On rotting fallen trunks of trees, at the Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1325).
In habit very like 4. parvifolium, Benn., but distinguished by the short free stamens,
and by the much shorter and broader calyx lobes and the glabrous corolla. I suspect
that some or all species of this interesting genus have dimorphic flowers.
HEDYOTIS PROTRUSA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Diplophragma). (Pl. XII. a. 1-3.) Fruticulus
(an herba lignescens ?). Rami stricti, obtuse tetragoni, superne brevissime tomentelli,
nigrescentes, inferne glabrati, pallescentes. Folia sessilia, oblongo-lanceolata, } poll.
longa, 14-2 lin. lata, sepe plicata, basi et apice acuta, crassiuscule coriacea, rigida,
glaberrima, evenia. Stipule triangulares, 1 lin. longs, obtus:e, basi firme, superne
et in margine albo-membranaces, demum laceræ. — Inflorescentis axillares, capi-
tatim contracte, pedunculo 1-2 (rarius 4) lin. longo suffulte, plerunque bracteis
binis foliaceis capitulum subequantibus instructe. Pedicelli subnulli. Caly
glaberrimus, nigrescens; tubus breviter turbinatus, }-? lin. longus; lobi 4 lineares
obtusi, 1 lin. longi, crassiusculi, sinu latiusculo distantes. Corolla alba, in fauce et
in tubo 1-14 lin. longo intus pilosa; lobi 4 ovato-oblongi, «*quilongi, obtusiusculi.
Stamina exserta; filamenta 2 lin. longa, anthere 3 lin. longee. Stylus 1} lin. longus;
stigma breviter bilobum. Capsula ad dentes medios protrusa, in coccos binos secedens,
1 lin. longa; cocci facie fere ad basin atque in vertice loculicide dehiscentes.
Semina numerosa, angulata, nigra, 3 lin. longa.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland, 1265).
Nearest allied to an undescribed species from Manilla in the Philippines (Voy. de la
Bonite, no. 214?). But in this species the axillary inflorescences are very loose and
almost 8 in. long, and the top of the capsule does not protrude beyond the calyx-tube.
There is some affinity with several of the Ceylonese and Western Peninsular species
which group round H. stylosa, Br., and it is, though remote, perhaps more evident
than with any other species I know.
HEDYOTIS PULCHELLA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Diplophragma). (Pl. XII. B. 4-6.) Rami
superne obtuse tetragoni, glabri. Folia petiolo 2-3 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel
ovata, 2-23 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, basi acuta, ssepe paulo asymmetrica, apice
acuminata, membranacea, utrinque striolis albidis notata, demum glabrata, supra
olivaceo-viridia, subtus leete viridia, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-8, inferioribus 5-6
approximatis, vix 2 lin. inter se distantibus, cæteris remotis. Stipule ovato-tri-
angulares, 3 lin. longze, laciniis angustissime linearibus hirtellis fimbriate, albo-
striolats. Inflorescentize axillares, corymboso-paniculate, laxæ, graciles, pedunculo
170 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
gracili 13-23 poll. longo suffultze, ad ramificationes foliaceo-bracteat:e, glaberrimoo,
albo-striolate. Bractesw lanceolate vel superiores lineari-lanceolate. ^ Pedicelli
3-1 lin. longi. Calyx lete viridis, glaberrimus; tubus turbinatus, 1-13 lin. longus ;
lobi 4, lineari-lanceolati, 11-9 lin. longi, longe acutati. Corolla alba breviter
infundibuliformis, extus glabra; tubus vix 2 lin. longus, intus pilosus; lobi 4, ovato-
oblongi, subacuti, equilongi, intus a fauce albo-villosi. Stamina 4; filamenta in
fauce inserta, 1 lin. longa; anthere 3 lin. longze, alb:e. Stylus 3 lin. longus; stigma
brevissime bilobum. Capsula calycis faucem non superans, 1 lin. longa, in coccos
2 fissa; cocci facie late aperti. Semina numerosa, angulata ¿-¿ lin. longa, minute
granulata, nigra.
From 7000 to 9000 feet (Haviland, 1122).
Nearest allied to an undescribed species from the Philippines (Cuming, 937; Vidal, 377,
800). This differs chiefly in smaller flowers and capsules, shorter calyx-teeth, and
fewer nerves. It grows on Mt. Banahao, at 6000 feet. Hedyotis pulehella approaches
otherwise, though in a much more remote degree, H. tenuipes, Hemsl., from South China,
and H. macrostemon, Hook. et Arn., also from South China. Amongst the Indian species
H. pruinosa, Wight. & Arn., comes nearest; but this affinity also is by no means close.
HEDYOTIS MACROSTEGIA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Diplophragma). (Pl. XII. c. 7-9.) Suffrutex,
2-3 ped. altus. Rami crassiusculi fusco-tomentelli. Folia petiolo glabro 3-5 lin.
longo suffulta, oblongo-elliptica, 2 poll. longa, 2-1 poll. lata, basi acuta, apice acute
acuminata, crassiuscula, glaberrima, subconcoloria, olivaceo-viridia, nervis utrinque
7-8, inferioribus 5 approximatis, 13 lin. inter se distantibus, angulo 30? ortis, supra
impressis, infra valde prominulis. Stipule ample, liberse, latissime ovate, 6 lin.
longs, lacinulis ciliatis fimbriate, glaberrimee, albo-striolatz:e, demum albescentes.
Inflorescentie axillares, pedunculo ssepe flexuoso, 2 poll. longo, hirsuto, demum
glabrato suffultee; flores sessiles, in cymulis 3-floris capitato-congesti vel infimis
distinctius pedunculati, bracteis foliaceis plus minusve involucrati. Bractew
infims ovate, subacuminate, glabra, more foliorum stipulat:e, capitulo paulo
breviores; superiores minores, ciliate, et supra quoque plus minusve pilosæ, basi
utrinque lacinià fimbriatà structurá stipularum auctz. Calycis tubus turbinatus,
vix 13 lin. longus, albo-striolatus ; lobi 4 (rarius 5) ovati acuti, ciliati, et supra versus
apicem pilosi, 2 lin. longi; lobuli lanceolati vel lineares, ciliati, duplo breviores
interjecti. Corolla alba, breviter infundibuliformis, utrinque pilosa; tubus 1-12 lin.
longus ; lobi ovati, 13 lin. longi, obtusiusculi, pilosi. Stamina 4; filamenta 14 lin.
longa; anther lineari-oblonge, 1 lin. longs. Stylus 24 lin. longus; stigma
incrassatum, brevissime bilobum. Capsula globosa, 14 lin. longa, haud ultra
calycis limbum producta, in coccos duos secedens ; cocci facie et vertice late aperti.
Semina circa 10-15 in utroque cocco, angulata, 1-1 lin. longa, nigra, minutissime
granulata.
From 8000 to 12,000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1120).
A very fine species, of the habit of H. Lessertiana, Arn. But the roer are, as
in the previous two species, axillary, the axis terminating with a bunch of leaves which
grow out in t the next season and again produce flowers from the axils only. However
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 17t
different the habit of the three species here described may be, they evidently belong to
one natural group of species which seems to be limited to North Borneo and the
Philippines, although parallels may be found amongst the continental species, in
South China as well as in the Western Ghats and in Ceylon.
Muss£NDA FRONDOSA, Linné, Spec. Pl. ed. I. p. 177.
At Kiau, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1355).
Distribution: Tropical Himalaya; Western Ghats; Malaya, from the Andamans to
New Guinea and the Philippines.
I refer this plant to M. frondosa with some hesitation, as it is evidently in a diseased
state. It is nearest to the variety hirsutissima, Hook., but the calyx-teeth are broader than
they generally are in the specimens I have seen from the Western Peninsula, and the
only normal corolla is much smaller. All other corollas in the two specimens from Kina-
balu are very much widened (8 lin. by 23 lin.), the anthers are replaced by thick
filaments, and the tube is quite glabrous inside. The style is also thickened and more
or less deformed. The ovary, however, appears normal. There was always a loose,
crumb-like, black matter, perhaps the excrements of an insect, in the upper part of the
tube. C. B. Clarke observed a very similar state in M. frondosa v. hirsutissima at Canoor,
and Hasskarl describes the same deformation from “ M. frondosa, L., e. glabra, Vahl,”
from Java. The ovaries in the Kinabalu specimens, and still more in some from the
Nilgherries, are swollen, as if fertilized, and in the latter resemble half-mature berries.
The case deserves investigation on the spot. From the glabrousness of the tube I should
suggest that the deformed flowers are female, and this is the more probable from the
analogous case which Mr. Clarke has represented in a sketch. But then the only
normal flower which came from an inflorescence with otherwise deformed female flowers
would be male, to judge from analogy, whilst Burck found the dimorphism combined
with dicecism.
Muss£NDA COCCINEA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, 4-6 ped. altus. Rami teretes, patule rufo-
hirsuti. Folia forma valde variabilia, nunc petiolo vix 3 poll. longo suffulta, ovata
vel elliptica, 4-53 poll. longa, 2-23 poll. lata, basi breviter et abrupte contracta, acuta
vel breviter acuminata, firmula, supra nigricantia, pube rufa conspersa, subtus densius
breviterque rufo-hirtella, demum plus minusve glabrescentia, nervis lateralibus
primariis utrinque 8-9, inferioribus 4—5 lin. distantibus, venis transversis distinctis,
nunc longius petiolata (ad 10 lin.), oblongo-lanceolata, 43-6 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata,
basi longe in petiolum attenuata, longius acuminata, supra minus rufescentia, in
nervis venulisque tantum pilis minutis albidis adpresse hirtella, nervis eodem
numero, sed inferioribus magis distantibus. Cymæ sub anthesi valde contracte,
demum laxiores, in inflorescentià terminali interdum floribundá racemose vel
paniculatim, disposite, rufo-hirtellee vel hirsute, bracteatee. Bracteze ovato-lanceo-
late, 2-21 lin. long:, dense rufo-tomentosw. Stipulæ bifidee, laciniis e basi tri-
angulari subulatis 2-3 lin. longis, rufo-tomentosis. Pedicelli sub anthesi brevissimi,
demum ad 2 lin. longi, dense rufo-hirtelli. Calyx rufo-hirtellus; tubus ovoideus, 2 lin.
longus; lobi decidui, lanceolati, tubo vir longiores, acuti. Corolla coccinea, extus
172 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
rufo-hirtella ; tubus tenuis, 1 poll. longus, in parte tertià superiore paulo dilatatus,
intus aureo-pilosus; lobi ovato-lanceolati, acuminati, 5-6 lin. longi, papillosi, in
alabastro valde reduplicati. Stamina in parte tubi dilatatá breviter inserta; anther
lineares, 3 lin. longze, basi anguste et longiuscule bilobze. Stylus filiformis, 1 lin.
longus, bifidus, ramulis vix } lin. longis. Ovarium 2-loculare; placente ex axi ortee,
plus minusve bifidee. Bacca obovoidea, ad 6 lin. longa, nigra vel albido-maculata,
rufo-hirtella, septis tenuissimis. Semina numerosa, angulata, $ lin. longa, pallida,
minute scrobiculato-granulata.
On the Tampassuk and the Dahombang rivers, from 2000 to 3400 feet (Low; Haviland,
1356, 1357).
Distribution: North Borneo.
Beccari, no. 456, from Sarawak, a fruiting specimen, belongs evidently to the same
species, and probably also no. 2362, which, however, has glabrous berries.
Mussenda coccinea is intermediate between typical Mussenda and the more herba-
ceous forms which are referred to Acranthera, a genus which was reduced to Mussenda
by Baillon (Hist. des Pl. vii. 449), whilst it was maintained by K. Schumann in Engler,
Natiirl. Pflanzenfam. iv. Th. 4 Abth. 63, although chiefly on an erroneous representation
of the structure of the ovary which was introduced first by Arnott in his original diagnosis
of the genus (Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. 20). According to this author the ovarium is **pseudo-
biloculare, dissepimentis duobus oppositis, vix ad medium attingentibus, placentam
bilamellatam divaricatam ferentibus." But the fact is that even in the species on which
the genus was founded, viz. 4. zeylanica, the ovary is perfectly bilocular and that the
bilamellate placenta rises from the axis, just as it does in typical Musszendas. But the
division of the placenta often reaches almost the centre, and then disintegration easily
takes place, particularly when the transverse sections are not made with a sharp
razor. I dissected various flowers and semi-mature fruits and always found the septa
reaching right through. So far there is no difference between Acranthera and Mussenda.
The berry of 4. Maingayi, Hook. fil., was stated to be 2-celled by the author himself
in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 92; Hemsley pointed out the 2-celled structure of the
ovary for 4. Griffithii, Hook. fil. (in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1718), and I find it also in 4. tomen-
tosa, Brown, A. grandiflora, Bedd., and A. anamallica, Bedd. Nevertheless, I think,
Acranthera must be retained as a well-marked genus after excluding 4. Maingayi and
A. Griffithii. It may be characterized by the herbaceous growth, the generally
elongated ovary and fruit, the blue or reddish, upwards widened and funnel-shaped or
campanulate corolla, and the club-shaped, entire style. It is known from Ceylon, the
Tinnevelly and Anamally Hills, the Khasia Hills, Cachar and Manipur, and there
are several species, still undescribed, in the Kew Herbarium, from Borneo. Acranthera
Maingayi, A. Griffithii, Mussenda mutabilis, Hemsl., M. kiutaensis, Kin g, mss. (Perak, fl.
Mal. Pen. no. 4255, King’s Coll.), and a new species from Borneo (Sarawak, Lobb), form
another very natural group, which are nearer to the Indian Muss:endas ; they still differ,
however, in the habit by the straggling or bushy growth, larger corollas, and the absence
of an enlarged calyx-lobe. The species enumerated here are all very closely allied, and
will perhaps be partly reduced in future. Their corollas are of a brilliant orange
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 173
colour, which sometimes turns scarlet. This group is connected with the true Mussendas
by M. coccinea, which has no enlarged calyx-lobe and scarlet flowers, but otherwise
comes very near to them, particularly in the leaves and fruit. These species can hardly be
separated from Mussenda, but they might be made conveniently into a separate section,
for which I propose the name Asemanthia.
The leaves of M. coccinea, as it is represented by no. 1357 of Haviland, differ at the
first glance considerably from the fruiting specimen, 1356, and from Low’s specimen.
But there is no doubt about the identity of the latter and 1356, and as the inflorescence
and the flowers of Low’s plant and of no. 1357 entirely agree, I have no doubt that
they all belong to one species, especially as one of the leaves of no. 1357 has a much
shorter petiole and is comparatively broader, thus approaching the shape of the leaves in
Low’s plant, and as the nervation follows the same type, though the nerves are more
distant in accordance with the lengthened shape of the blade.
Burck (Ann. du Jard. Buit. iii. 108-112) has shown that at least several of the
Mussendas are dicecious. It is rather difficult to check his investigations on dry
material. The structure of the corolla is certainly of the male type, and the anthers are
polliniferous in the two flowering specimens in my hands; further, the style is very short
and in all probability imperfect. The ovary is apparently fertile, but the numerous ovules
did not give me the impression that they are so. The specimen of JM. mutabilis figured
in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1718 is male also; but the specimen of the new species, collected by
Lobb in Sarawak, seems to be female. The corolla tube is a little widened above, but
gradually and much less than in the male flowers of M. coccinea and M. mutabilis, and
the anthers are indehiscent ; the corolla tube, however, is golden papillose down to their
insertion, as one would expect for male flowers. On the other hand, the style reaches to
the tips of the anthers and divides into two subulate branches which slightly surpass the
mouth of the corolla.
ACRANTHERA ATROPELLA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba perennis. Caulis nigricans, sparse et
tenuiter adpresse sericeo-pilosus, demum glabratus. Folia petiolo 1-13 poll. longo
adpresse tenuiterque pubescente suffulta, elliptica vel elliptico-oblonga, 4-5 poll.
longa, 13-21 poll. lata, utrinque :equaliter acuta, membranacea, supra nigricantia,
elaberrima, exsiccata ob epidermatis cellulas collapsas minutissime foveolato-
CERO subtus fusca, in nervis venisque et hine inde in parenchymate pilis
tenuibus adpressis pubescentia, nervis lateralibus primariis 6-8 valde prorsus
arcuatis, venulis indistinctis. Stipule (summe mihi tantum note) oblonge, 3-1
poll. longe, obtusissimee, nigricantes, sparsissime adpresseque pilosse vel glabrateo.
Inflorescentia terminalis, pseudo-umbellata, sessilis, foliorum paribus 2 summis valde
approximatis suffuita et eorum stipulis subinvolucrata, Pedicelli nutantes 2 lin.
longi, griseo-pubescentes. Calycis adpresse pubescentis tubus subcylindricus, sursum
paululo dilatatus, vix 4 lin. longus ; lobi 5, ovato-lanceolati, circiter 4 lin. longi, roseo
suffusi. Corolla obscure cyanea, late tubuloso-campanulata, extus griseo-pubescens
intus glaberrima; tubus 5 lin. longus, 2 lin. latus; lobi 5, oblongo-lanceolati,
subpatuli, apice recurvi, 3 lin. longi. Stamina 5, ima basi corollee inserta; filamenta
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 9 A
174 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALD.
brevissima; antherze conniventes, primo subcohzerentes, lineares, vix 3 lin. longe ;
connectivum in subulam ultra loculos productum. Stylus crassiusculus, 3 lin.
longus ; stigma capitatum, papillosum. Ovarium biloculare; placente ex axi ortze,
ineequaliter et crassiuscule bilamellatee, multi-ovulate.
On damp places, alt. 5000-6000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1237).
This species belongs to a group which is a representative of the Acranthera species of
Ceylon, the Tinnevelly, the Anamally, and the Khasia Hills. I know three or four species
from Borneo. They differ from the former chiefly in the short and wide corolla and the
large upper stipules, which form a kind of involucre. The structure of the androeecium
and gynecium, however, is essentially as in 4. zeylanica, Arn.
LUCINÆA PENTACME, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex scandens, glaberrimus. Rami novelli
tetragoni, nigricantes, annotini cortice pallescente. Folia petiolo 2-3 lin. longo
suffulta, elliptico- vel lanceolato-oblonga, 11-21 poll. longa, 2-1 poll. lata, utrinque
aeuta vel basi subrotunda vel apice subacuminata, coriacea, flavido-viridia, partim
exsiccando nigricantia, nervis lateralibus ¢ndistinetis utrinque 7-8 vel inconspicuis,
evenia. Stipulee purpurascentes, fere ad medium in tubum connate, ovate,
acuminate, diutius persistentes, demum decidue. Capitula terminalia, solitaria,
pedunculo 4-2 poll. longo suffulta, basi bracteis im cupulam connatis obtusissimis
involuerata. Calyx (sub anthesi) liber, ovoideo-cupularis, 3 lin. longus; limbus
truncatus. Corolla roseo-albida; tubus brevissimus, fauce albo-papilloso-villosá ;
lobi in alabastro ad medium arcte cohzerentes, abhine mox liberi, erecti, triquetro-
acuminati, appendieulis 2 lin. longis. Stamina 5, in fauce inserta. Stylus apice
bifidus. Ovarium biloculare; placentze peltatee, multi-ovulatee.
At the top of a ridge, alt. 6600 feet (Haviland, 1238).
Very near to L. montana, Korth., to which I believe a specimen collected by Motley
(no. 659) near Banjermassin to belong, of which, however, I have not seen the type.
It differs in the thicker branches with a whitish thin bark which early peels off
irregularly, in the purplish acuminate stipules, in the more coriaceous veinless leaves
with very inconspicuous nerves, and probably also in the larger flowers. From
L. morinda, DC., it differs in the narrower and thicker leaves with very inconspicuous
nervation, in the solitary heads supported by cup-shaped bracts, and in the long free tips
of the corolla-lobes.
LucINZA NERVULOSA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex scandens, glaberrimus. Rami novelli
|. tetragoni, nigricantes, annotini cortice papyraceo albido, mox plus minusve soluto,
laxe vestiti. Folia petiolo 3 poll. longo suffulta, ovato-oblonga vel elliptica, 3-34
poll. longa, 1$ poll. lata, basi rotundata, rarius brevissime in petiolum attenuata,
breviter acuminata vel obtusa (ob apicem vulneratum ?), supra nigricantia, subtus
olivaceo-fusca, nervis lateralibus primariis distinctis utrinque circiter 11, secundariis
interjectis sepe equaliter distinctis, venulis laxe et plus minusve conspicue
reticulatis. Capitulum terminale, solitarium, pedunculo 4 poll. longo suffultum,
bracteis binis obtusissimis in cupulam patelliformem connatis instructum, circa 12-
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 175
florum; flores arcte congesti, sed liberi. Calyx ovoideo-cupularis, 3 lin. longus ;
limbus truncatus. Corollze tubus 3} lin. longus, superne dilatatus, intus ad 3 albo-
villosus; lobi 5 lanceolati, 23 lin. longi, crassi, appendicibus in alabastro ssepe liberis,
brevibus, carinato-triquetris, carina basi in denticulum deflexum productá. Stamina 5;
filamenta ¿ lin. longa; anthere oblongo-lineares, 1} lin. longs, exsertw. Stylus
apice clavatus, bifidus. Ovarium biloculare; placente peltatee, multi-ovulat:e.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1239).
Closely allied to Lucinea pentacme and to L. montana, but differing from both in the
larger leaves, from the former also in the very distinct venation, and from the latter in
the loose papyraceous bark, the shorter peduncles, and the larger flowers.
MYRIONEURON BORNEENSE, Stapf, n. sp. Herba. Caulis crassiusculus, tenuissime rufo-
tomentellus, demum glabrescens. Folia apicem versus congesta, petiolo 1-2 poll.
longo suffulta, lanceolato-oblonga, 7-10 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata, basi longe
attenuata vel plus minusve in petiolum angustissime decurrentia, apice acuminata,
membranacea, supra nigricantia, infra fusca, utrinque parce pilis tenuibus rufis
adpressis conspersa, nervis lateralibus utrinque 8-10 e basi curvata subrectis, valde
prorsus ductis, venis distinctis subtransversalibus. Inflorescentiv ex axillis superi-
oribus pedunculo 3-4 lin. longo crassiusculo suffultee, capitatim coarctate, bracteate.
Bractew extime foliacew, e basi latissimá ovate, tenuiter acuminatze, 8 lin. long:e,
demum evanid:z, capitula involucrantes, sequentes ovat:, interiores oblanceolate,
flores brevissime pedicellatos sequantes, rufo-pilose. Calyx rufo-pilosus; tubus
breviter turbinatus, 14 lin. longus; lobi 5, lineari-lanceolati, 2 lin. longi, acuti.
Corolla alba; tubus lobis calycinis equilongus, intus in fauce pilosus; lobi 5, ovati,
breves, ¿ lin. longi. Stamina 5, sub fauce inserta; filamenta tenuia, vix 4 lin.
longa; anthere lineari-oblongzs, apice exserte, j lin. longæ. Fructus subbaccatus,
didymus; pyrenz bine crustacex, vix 13 lin. longs, teretes. Semina numerosa,
angulata, minute granulata, placenta medi: axi affixà.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1332).
Tt seems to be nearest allied to an undescribed species from the Admiralty Islands
(‘Challenger ’ Exp.), which I am inclined to refer to this genus, and to another species
from the Mishmi Hills (Griffith, 2850), also undescribed. The latter has, however, much
looser inflorescences and narrower calyx-lobes, and approaches more JM. nutans, Wall.,
whilst the former differs in the venation of the leaves and is particularly distinguished
by the laciniate bracts.
UROPHYLLUM SUBANURUM, Stapf, n. sp. 9. Frutex. Rami obtuse tetragoni, badii vel
superne exsiccando nigricantes, glaberrimi, vel novelli sparse adpresseque pilosuli.
Folia petiolo 4-8 lin. longo robusto suffulta, ovata vel elliptica, 3-34 poll. longa,
13-2 poll. lata, basi breviter acuta vel rotundata, apice breviter vel vix acuminata,
subcoriacea, utrinque glabra vel subtus in costa valida et in nervis primo pilis fulvis
adpressis induta, nervis lateralibus utrinque distinctis, subtus prominentibus, patulis,
fere ad marginem leviter arcuatis, abhinc abrupte prorsus flexis, utrinque circiter 10,
3_4 lin. inter se distantibus, venulis transversis, flexuosis, creberrimis, prominulis,
242
176 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
elongato-triangulares, 3 poll. longs, hirtellee. Inflorescentixe pseudo-umbellate,
4—5-flore, pedunculo 5-1 lin. longo adpresse hirtello suffulte; bracteze pseudo-
verticillatee, lanceolate, 1-2 lin. longze, hirtelle ; pedicelli 1— poll. longi, divergentes.
Calyx hemispherico-turbinatus, nigricans, glaber; tubus 1} lin. longus; limbus
breviter 5-dentatus, dentibus late triangularibus. Corolla alba, late breviterque
eampanulato-tubulosa, ad 2 5-lobata, deinde profundius fissa, 3 lin. longa, crassa,
extus glaberrima, fauce villosa; lobi triangulari-ovati, acuti. Stamina 5; filamenta
toro cum corollá inserta, libera vel medio tubo plus minusve adnata, sed facile
separata; antherze oblong:e, polline destitute: ; connectivum dorso vix gibbosum in
apiculum productum. Stylus crassiusculus, 2 lin. longus, lobis 5 linearibus «equi-
longis. Ovarium 5-loeulare; placentze peltatee, multi-ovulate. Bacca lutea,
siccando nigricans, globosa, limbo coronata, 3 lin. dimetiens.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1074).
Urophyllum subanurum belongs to the group of U. corymbosum, Korth., which is repre-
sented in Malaya by numerous species, most of which are still undescribed. It is
distinguished chiefly by the firm, broad, and very shortly acuminate leaves, and by rather
large flowers. These are, like those of the following species, dimorphic. The apparently
normal anthers of the female are absolutely destitute of pollen when examined in bud.
UROPHYLLUM CYPHANDRUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami vix tetragoni, glabri vel
primo adpresse hirtelli, interdum nigro-purpurascentes. Folia petiolo 2 poll. longo,
glabro vel hirtello suffulta, ovato-oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga, 4—6 poll. longa,
13-21 poll. lata, basi breviter acuta vel subrotundata, apice longiuscule caudato-
acuminata, firme membranacea, plerumque plus minusve purpurascentia, imprimis
in nervis, glabra vel subtus in costá valde prominulá et in nervis hirtella, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 9-10, 4-6 lin. inter se distantibus, fere a basi longe prorsus
arcuatis, prosilientibus, venis transversalibus flexuosis distinctis. Stipulee oblongze
acute, 6 lin. longz, hirtelle. Mas: Inflorescentise pseudo-umbellatee, 6—9-florze,
pedunculo hirtello 4-6 lin. longo suffultee, basi bracteis pseudo-verticillatis lineari-
lanceolatis 2-3 lin. longis instructee; pedicelli 4-8 lin. longi. Calyx breviter
cupularis, 13 lin. longus, nigricans, sparsissime hirtellus; limbus 5-dentatus.
Corolla alba breviter tubulosa, ad medium fere 5-loba, extus glabra, fauce villosa ;
tubus 2 lin. longus; lobi ovati, acuti, subzequilonsi. Stamina 5; filamenta cum
corolla toro inserta, paulo sub fauce cum tubo coherentia, ceeterum libera;
antheree polliniferze, elliptieze oblongse, $ lin. longe; connectivum postice valde
gibbum, in apiculum productum. Stylus rudimentarius, brevis, laciniis 5 filiformibus.
Ovarium minute 5-loculare, loculis vacuis vel placentá rudimentarià ovulisque
paucis. Femina: Inflorescentia ut in mare, sed gracilior, glabra, 5-2-flora; pedicelli
demum ad 2 poll.longi. Calyx subglobosus, 1-13 lin. longus; limbus basi constrictus,
breviter 5-dentatus. Corolla (in alabastro tantum nota) maris corollæ simillima, sed
minor, Stamina iis maris similia, multo minora, inania. Stylus crassiusculus,
laciniis 5 lineari-lanceolatis. Ovarium 5-ioculare ; placentze peltatee, multi-ovulatee.
Bacca globosa, limbo calycino coronata, 2} lin. dimeticns.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 177
At 7800 feet (Haviland, 1123 9, 1194 3).
Closely allied to the preceding species, but sufficiently distinct by the shape and
nervation of the leaves, by the much smaller female flowers, and by the gibbous shorter
anthers. The sexual difference is well marked by the different shape of the calyx, by
the size of the flowers, and by the development of the anthers and the stigmata. The
insertion of the filaments is very curious; but this mode is probably not so rare as one
would suppose. Clarke has stated, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 159, that they are free
in the female flower of Adenosacme longifolia, and H. Baillon indicates a similar
condition for Acranthera zeylanica and Mussenda Landie.
UROPHYLLUM LINEATUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex humilis. Rami obtuse tetragoni, robusti,
adpressissime et densissime griseo-sericeo-velutini. Folia petiolo crassiusculo 2-3
lin. longo suffulta, ovato-oblonga vel oblonga, 2-23 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, basi
breviter acuta vel subrotundata, apice acuta, in margine (exsiccando ?) plerumque
revoluta, crassa, coriacea, olivaceo-viridia, supra costa pilosulà exceptá glaberrima,
subtus in costá nervisque argenteo-sericea, ceterum glabra, nervis lateralibus 16-19
subrectis, angulo 45° ortis, 1-13 lin. inter se distantibus, supra impressis, subtus ut costa
valde prosilientibus, venulis transversis creberrimis inconspicuis. Stipulee lineari-
lanceolatze, 3 lin. longze, subsericeze. Inflorescentize pseudo-umbellate, sessiles, basi
bracteis ovatis vel lanceolatis 1-13 lin. longis subsericeis instructee ; pedicelli 1-13 lin.
longi. Calyx nigricans, glaber vel subglaber, in flore masculo breviter cupulari-
turbinatus, in flore femineo subglobosus; limbus 4-, raro 5-dentatus, dentibus
minutis. Corolla ignota. Bacca nigra, globosa, 4—5-locularis, limbo calycino
coronata, 21 lin. dimetiens. Semina numerosa, in placentis peltatis carnosis,
distincte granulata.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland, 1266).
A very fine plant, distinguished by the numerous closely set nerves, which are, like the
midrib, very prominent and white silky. Though the nervation appears at the first
glance very different from that of the described Urophyllums, it does not differ typically.
The calyx, the berries, and the seeds are those of typical Urophyllum.
UROPHYLLUM SALICIFOLIUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami graciles, teretes, dense
adpresseque fulvo-griseo-pilosi. Folia pedunculo 3-4 lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata,
21—31 poll. longa, 7-10 lin. lata, basi breviter acuta, apice acuminata, pergamacea,
supra obscure olivaceo-viridia, preeter costam pilosulam glabra, supra flavido-viridia,
in costa et in nervis adpresse pilosa, ceeterum glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque
12-13, 23 lin. inter se distantibus, prominentibus, paulo supra basin valde prorsus
flexis et usque ad nervum collectivum valde distinctum rectis, venis transversis
creberrimis, tenuissimis. Stipulæ lineares, 3—4 lin. longse, dense pilose. Inflores-
centize ad flores 1-2 basi bracteatos reductze, supra-axillares ; pedicelli 1 lin. longi,
adpresse pilosi. Calyx pilosulus ; tubus globosus, vix 1 lin. longus; limbus basi
constrictus ad 3 4-dentatus, dentibus late triangularibus, 2 lin. longis. Ovarium
4-loculare ; placentee peltatze, multi-ovulatee. - Bacca globosa, 2 lin. dimetiens
dentibus ob margines involutos subulatis coronata.
178 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1231).
I have described this plant notwithstanding the imperfect material, as there is no doubt
about its generic affinity, and because I think it is sufficiently marked by the
characteristic nervation, the very reduced inflorescence, and the comparatively large
membranaceous caly-xlimb. Apart from the inflorescence it resembles Urophyllum
streptopodium, Wall., but the nerves are more numerous, closer, and straighter.
UROPHYLLUM LONGIDENS, Stapf, n. sp. 2. Frutex. Rami teretes, densissime adpresse-
que flavido-cano-hirtelli. Folia petiolo eodem indumento vestito 5-7 lin. longo
suffulta, lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, 4-42 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata, basi acuta,
apice acuminata, subcoriacea, flavido- vel cano-viridia, supra costá nervisque adpresse
hirtellis exceptis glabra, opaca, subtus in nervis venisque adpresse strigilloso-
hirtella, nervis lateralibus utrinque 11-12, angulo 40” ortis, subrectis, sub margine
arcuatim connexis, nervo circumcirca marginante addito, venis transversis flexuosis,
supra tenerrimis, subtus validioribus, prominentibus. Stipulee e basi triangulari
lineari-subulatz, 6-7 lin. longse, hirtellae, mox decidus. Cymule 3-1-florz,
sessiles ; bractez triangulares, 1 lin. longze; pedicelli hirtelli, 2-3 lin. longi. Calyx
adpresse hirtellus ; tubus ovoideus vel obovoideus, 15 lin. longus; lobi 4 lineares,
1-13 lim. longi. Corolla viridi-alba; tubus 11-1) lin. longus, pro ratione latus,
extus glaber, in fauce villosus; lobi 4, ovati, tubo paulo breviores, extus apice pilosali.
Stamina imperfecta 4 vel pauciora, fauci inserta; filamenta 3 Jin. longa; anthere
minute cordatze, effetee. Stylus crassiusculus, superne dilatatus, 14 Jin. longus;
stigmatis lobi 4, lineari-oblongi, ¿-1 Jin. longi. Ovarium 4-loct'are ; ovv!a numerosa
in placenta media peltatim affixa.
At 7600 feet (Haviland, 1120).
One of the best marked species the affinity of which I find difficult to point out. It
comes probably nearest to U. salicifolium, Stapf.
RANDIA DENSIFLORA, Benth., Fl, Hongk. 155.
A small tree, near Kovng, at 2000 feet (Haviland, 1380).
Distribution: A1] over Malaya, Indo-China, to the Philippines and North Australia ;
on the mainland from Singapore to Cachar and Upper Assam and in Travancore; South
China.
IXORA KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, inflorescentiis exceptis, glaberrimus.
Ramuli graciles, pallidi. Folia pedunculo 3-2 poll. longo suffulta, oblongo-lanceo-
lata, 4-5 poll. longa, 15-2 poll. lata, basi acuta, apice acuminata, coriacea, supra
lucida, exsiccata olivaceo-viridia, nervis lateralibus utrinque 10-12, angulo 50—60*
ortis, leviter areuatis, nervo collectivo distincto, supra impressis, infra prominulis.
Stipule e basi breviter lateque ovatà abrupte subulate, sine subulá 1 lin. longe.
Inflorescentia terminalis, brachiato-corymbosa, pendulo, pedunculo 4-7 poll.
longo, minute pubervlo suffulta, supra basin et ad ramos infimos bracteata,
puberula. Bractew lanceolatz 1-23 lin. longze, inferiores more foliorum stipulate.
Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi, graciles, basi plerumque nudi, vel rarissime minute bracteo-
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 179
lati. Calyx ovoideus, vix 1 lin. longus, glaber, dentibus 4 brevibus rotundatis
Corolle tubus ruber, gracilis, 9 lin. longus ; lobi fere albi, obovato-oblongi, 3 lin. longi,
obtusissimi. Filamenta latiuseula, 1—2 lin. longa; anthere sagittatæ, 2 lin. longe.
Stylus circiter 1} lin. corollam superans ; stigma bilobum, lobis crassiusculis. Bacca
globosa vel subdidyma, 44 lin. dimetiens, vel transverse latior, loculo altero saepe
abortivo.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1236).
- Closely allied to Lora pendula, Jack, but distinct by the smaller leaves and chiefly by
the always distinct pedicels, which very rarely are supported by minute bracteoles, and
by the shorter corolla with broader lobes. In Z. pendula the flowers are constantly
sessile and supported by one or (if terminal) by two minute bracteoles.
PAVETTA LIMBATA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex humilis. Rami novelli subteretes, nigrescentes,
puberuli, mox glabrati, annotini pallidi, internodiis plerisque brevibus, 2-5 lin.
longis. Folia petiolo 2-3 lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata, 3-31 poll. longa, 2-1 poll.
lata, basi cuneatim attenuata, apice acute acuminata, membranacea, glabra, luride
olivacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque circa 7, 5-9 lin. inter se distantibus, tenuibus, an-
gulo 4540 ortis, in nervum submarginalem collectis. Stipulæ late ovate, mucronate,
2 lin. longæ. Inflorescentia terminalis, pubescens, thyrsoideo-paniculata, juvenilis
1-13 poll. longa, bracteata; bractew ad 1 lin. long, subulate ; flores pedicellati ;
pedicelli 13-2 lin. longi, graciles. Calyx minutissime puberulus, tubus ovoideus,
5 lin. longus; limbus equilongus, submembranaceus, e basi constrictá cupuliformiter
ampliatus, 5-lobulatus, lobulis e basi constrictd latissime ovatis, transverse latioribus,
minute ciliolatis. Corolle (ex alabastris 2-3 lin. longis fere perfectis tantum note)
tubus brevis ; lobi 5, lineari-oblongi. Stamina 5; filamenta brevia; anthere lineares,
vix 2 lin. longee. Stylus filiformis, superne incrassatus, simplex. Ovarium biloculare;
ovula solitaria medio affixa.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1240).
Allied to P. indica, L., but the calyx is very different in the comparatively wide
submembranaceous limb and the very short but broad minutely ciliate lobes.
PsYCHOTRIA MALAYANA, Jack, in Mal. Misc. i. 3.
- Low land, on the Tawaran River (Haviland, 1389).
Distribution : Malaya: Penang, Sumatra (?), Java, Borneo.
I consider this plant as identical with Jack's P. malayana, as it is represented by
Wallich’s P. aurantiaca, no. 8335 (coll. by W. Jack, 1819, at Penang), and it is certainly
. identical with various specimens from North Borneo, as Motley's, Labuan (218), and
Dr. M. Fraser's, Kudat (86). The lower cyme branches are often opposite, but sometimes,
like the upper ones, whorled. I refer also to it Zollinger's specimens (173) ; a specimen,
sent by Teysmann from Java, named Chasalia expansa, Miq.; and one from Miquel's her-
barium named P. aurantiaca, Mig. A capsule with loose fruits attached to Teysmann’s
specimen contains two kinds of fruits. Two of them, which are more elongate, have 8 deep
furrows and do not belong to this species, as Sir J. Hooker has suggested. The remaining
180 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
fruits agree perfectly with those of the Bornean plant, and, as a comparison with the
young fruit still attached to the branch proves, they belong doubtless to Teysmann’s
specimen. But the true Ch. expansa, Miq., or Psychotria expansa, Bl, is a different
plant with membranaceous leaves and identical with P. montana, Bl. The fruit is
slightly compressed from the back and hardly furrowed at all. The endosperm is very
ruminate. A specimen collected by Motley at Banjermassin (608), and probably
identical with P. crassifolia, Miq., comes also very near, but it has smaller and more
coriaceous leaves. The inflorescence and the fruits, however, are exactly as in P.
malayana.
The Kinabalu specimens represent the microstyle form. The stigmata, which are a
little narrower and perhaps less papillose than in the macrostyle form, almost reach
the mouth of the corolla, whilst the filaments surpass the mouth to the extent of ¿-1 lin.
The anthers are about 1 lin. long. This form is represented also by a part of Zollinger’s
specimens (173), whilst Teysmann’s and those of Fraser and Motley belong to the
macrostyle form. Here the style surpasses the mouth by more than 1 lin., whilst
the anthers, which are also 1 lin. long, just reach the mouth by their tips. The
filaments are extremely short. The microstyle flowers were observed in inflorescences
with half-mature berries. The anthers, which in both forms hardly differ, were always
found to bear apparently quite normal pollen. A curious intermediate state is re-
presented by another of Zollinger’s specimens, also numbered 173. It is evidently
macrostyle; but two of the stamens are exserted, 3 included. They, however, do not
seem to be quite normal. The stigmata are long, linear, and minutely papillose. The
flowers exhibit another abnormality. The corolla is 4-lobed, apparently by the
coalescence of two lobes, whilst the androecium is pentamerous. The exserted stamens
stand one on each side of the double lobe, which is hardly larger than the other lobes,
whilst a small stamen is opposite to it. The remainder of Zollinger’s specimens is
pentamerous, like all other specimens I have seen, except those of Fraser's and Motley's
collection, which are tetramerous.
PsYCHOTRIA GYRULOSA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Grumilea). Frutex scandens (?). Rami glabri,
demum pallidi. Folia petiolo 4-5 lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata, 31-7 poll. longa,
1-13 poll. lata, basi cuneatim attenuata, acuta vel subacuminata, pergamacea,
glabra, supra nigricantia, subtus nitore rubello suffusa, nervis lateralibus 9-12, 6-8 lin.
inter se distantibus, arcuatis, valde prorsus ductis, marginem versus venis transversis
tenuibus. Inflorescentia terminalis, paniculata, pedunculo 21 poll. longo stricto
suffulta, ramis verticillatis quaternis, cymulas paucifloras subumbellatim dispositas
gerentibus. Bacce sessiles, pedunculis ad 2 lin. longis, pedicellos imitantibus,
insidentes, globoso-pyreniformes, 3-4 lin. longe, indistincte ruguloso-costatze, calycis
limbo parvo eoronatz. Pyrene crustaces, intus gyroso-rugulosee, rugis leevissimis
presertim inter costas transverse directis et varie inter se sos iamtibus, Albumen
rugis conformatum, gyroso-ruminatum.
At the Penokok, alt. 3200 feet (Haviland, 1335).
There was a flowering branch sent on the same sheet and with the same label. It is
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 181
very likely that it belongs to the same species as the fruiting branch, but as there are
some differences in the leaves and in the inflorescence I do not feel quite sure of it.
The following is a description of it :—
Folia petiolo 5-6 lin. longo suffulta, inferiora lanceolata, 24-44 poll. longa, 2—11 poll.
lata, basi acuta, apice subacuminata, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-11, 4-5 lin. inter
se distantibus, superiora multo majora, oblonga vel obverse lanceolato-oblonga, 6-8
poll. longa, 21—2$ poll. lata, basi acuta, apice obtuse acuminata, nervis 15-16, 4-6 lin.
inter se distantibus, angulo cirea 507-60? ortis, subrectis, sub margine breviter
arcuatim in nervum collectivum connexis, venis tenuibus transversis laxis, omnia
glabra, supra obscure olivacea, subtus pallidiora, nitore rubello inconspieu». Stipule
ovatee, ad $ connatze, obtusissimee, vix 4 lin. longs. Inflorescentia terminalis, panicu-
lata, minutissime puberula; pedunculus 5 lin. longus; rami oppositi, summi verticil-
lati, infimi 1 poll. longi; eymule pauciflore subumbellatim disposite ; flores sessiles
vel pseudopedicellati, alares bracteolis minutissimis 2 instructi. Calyx cupulari-
turbinatus, 1 lin. longus, glaber; limbus truncatus vel minutissime denticulatus.
Coroll:e tubus 2 lin. longus, rectus, fauce villosus, villo vix exserto; lobi 4, ovato-
oblongi, 17 lin. longi, patuli vel reflexi. Stamina 4 exserta; filamenta 1-11 lin.
aucem superantia; anthere } lin. longe, oblongo-lineares. Stylus inclusus;
stigmata oblonga (semper ?) cohzerentia faucem vix attingentia.
This species is certainly allied nearly to P. aurantiaca, but distinctly different in the
looser inflorescence, and the smaller flowers with much smaller more exserted anthers
and smaller berries. "The flowers are all sessile, but, as the lateral flowers of the outer-
most cymes are suppressed, the central flower is borne by the peduncle of the reduced
cyme and supported by the minute bracts of the dichasium.
PsYCHOTRIA ITEOPHYLLA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex humilis, glaberrimus. Rami teretes,
lineà e commissurà decurrente prominente notati, nigricautes. Folia petiolo 1-2
lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata, 4-5 poll. longa, 2-14 poll. lata, basi longe cuneatim
attenuata; apice sensim acuminata, obscure undulata, supra obscure olivacea,
subtus rubro-suffusa, nervis lateralibus utrinque 9-10, patulo-erectis, leviter
arcuatis, in nervum marginalem plus minusve distinctum collectis, laxe et imperfecte
reticulata. Stipulee e basi ovatà longiuscule acuminate, 3-5 lin. longe. Inflores-
centia terminalis, corymboso-paniculata, 14 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata; pedunculus 1 poll.
longus; rami oppositi, inferiores iteratim di- vel trichotomi; cymule pauciflore,
laxe, minutissime bracteate ; pedicelli graciles, 1-13 lin. longi. Calyx cupulari-
turbinatus, ¿ lin. longus. Corolle alb:x tubus ¿ lin. longus, pro ratione latus, in
Sauce lineá villosá notatus ; lobi 5, ovati, 1lin.longi,reflexi. Stamina 5; filamenta ad
basin coroll: distincta et facile separata (an libera ?), circiter $ lin. faucem super-
antia; anthere ellipticee, vix 3 lin. longe. Stylus 1 lin. exsertus; stigma clavato-
incrassatum. Bacca rubra, ellipsoideo-globosa, 3 lin. longa, 8-sulcata; pyrene
tenuiter crustacee, dorso profunde sulcate. Albumen «equale, endocarpio confor-
matum, sulcatum.
At the Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1321).
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 7€
182 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Allied to Psychotria erratica, Hook. fil., and to P. viridiflora, Reinw., but differing from
the former in the generally narrower leaves, the looser inflorescences, and the pedicelled
flowers with more exserted anthers and a much less villous throat, and from the latter,
which it approaches indeed very closely, in the narrower leaves, but chiefly in the
larger, more oblong berries, with a much thinner endocarp.
PSYCHOTRIA DENSIFOLIA, Stapf,n.sp. (Pl. XIII. B. 11-13.) Frutex humilis, plerumque
epiphyticus, glaberrimus. Rami teretes vel obscure tetragoni, novelli obscuri,
annotini cortice sulcato cinerascente vestiti, internodiis 4-5 lin. longis. Folia petiolo
1 lin. longo vel breviore suffulta, ovato-elliptica vel elliptica, 8-10 lin. longa, 6—1
lin. lata, basi breviter acuta vel subrotundata, apice acuta vel obtusiuscula, coriacea,
flavido-viridia vel fuscescentia utrinque lucida, nervis lateralibus utrinque 5, angulo
45' ortis, subrectis, tenuibus, subevenia. Stipule e basi connatá brevissime
latissimeque ovatz, apiculate, purpurascentes, deciduze. Inflorescentia terminalis,
corymbulosa, pedunculo 2-4 lin. longo suffulta, 3 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata; flores 5-8
umbellatim congesti in ramulis 2-4 lin. longis; pedicelli sub anthesi 1 lin. longi.
Calyx cupulari-turbinatus, 1 lin. longus; limbus 5-dentatus. Corolla viridula,
extus minute papillosa; tubus latiusculus, superne sensim dilatatus, 1 lin. longus ;
lobi 5, ovato-oblongi, demum reflexi, 2 lin. longi. Stamina 5; filamenta ad medium
tubum corollz adnata, i lin. exserta; antherze oblongee, vix i lin. longee, albidze.
Stylus inclusus, cum stigmate clavato i lin. longus. Bacca ellipsoideo-globosa,
23 lin. longa, calyce persistente coronata, indistincte costata; pyrene tenuiter
erustaceze, distinctius 4-sulcate. Albumen (seminis semimaturi) indistincte
ruminatum.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1116).
Nearest allied to P. polycarpa, Hook. fil., but one of the best marked species, distin-
guished by the crowded, small, and glossy leaves, and the short inflorescences.
STREBLOSA URTICINA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIII. 4. 1-10.) Herba scandens. Caulis teres,
primo minutissime furfuraceus, mox glabratus, olivaceo-fuscus, internodiis lineis e
commissuris decurrentibus prominulis notatis. Folia petiolo 3-11 poll. longo suffulta,
oblongo-lanceolata, 54-7} poll. longa, 2-21 poll. lata, basi longe attenuata, sub-
acuminata, tenuiter membranacea, exsiccando olivaceo-membranacea, subtus in
nervis minutissime furfuraceo-puberula, ezeterum glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque
12-15, erectis, inferioribus approximatis. Stipule ad basin bifide, segmentis e
basi triangulari subulatis 1 lin. longis. Panicule axillares petiolos æquantes,
pedunculo $ poll. longo suffultæ, dense minuteque furfuraceo-hirtellæ; rami simplices
vel dichotomi, graciles, interrupte subspiciformes; flores in ramis vel ramulis
solitarii vel geminati; bractee subtendentes minute, alie opposite paulo majores ;
pedicelli brevissimi. Calycis limbus truncatus, minutissime 4-denticulatus, minute
hirtellus, persistens, 4 lin. longus. Corolla (ex alabastris tantum nota) æstivatione
bep valvatà vel, ob loborum margines exteros interdum perpaulo ampliatos, specie sub-
c e imbricata ; tubus brevis, intus basin versus pilosulus. Filamenta glabra; anthers
pon o oblongæ. Discus depresso-globosus, magnus. Ovarium biloculare ; stylus glaber ;
.DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 183
stigma bilobum, lobis ovatis; ovula solitaria, fere ex imá basi erecta. Fructus
globosus, 1 lin. dimetiens, jugis 8 prominulis, minutissime hirtellus, dipyrenus ;
pyrena altera minor vacua; endocarpium crustaceum in facie ventrali suleatum vel
plus minusve bisuleatum. Albumen zequale.
At the Penokok, alt. 3200 feet (Haviland, 1328).
I think Streblosa should be kept up as a distinct genus on account of its peculiar
habit, which is produced chiefly by the herbaeeous growth, by the very thin leaves, the
axillary inflorescences (which in the present species resemble very much those of a
common nettle), and by the minute flowers and fruits. Miquel says of Streblosa,
*frutices"; but the specimens I saw of Psychotria tortilis, Blume, the only species
seen by him, are decidedly herbs. The genus Streblosa is limited to Malaya.
GARTNERA RUFINERVIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Ramuli graciles, novelli sparse rufo-
pilosuli, demum glabrati, cortice cinerascente. Folia petiolo plerumque 2-4 lin.,
raro ad 7 lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata vel oblanceolata, 3—4 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata,
longe in petiolum attenuata, apice acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, exsiccando rufo-
fusca, supra glaberrima, subtus primo in nervis plus minusve rufo-furfuracea, mox,
axillis nervorum hirsutulis exceptis, glabrata, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-9 supra
leviter impressis, subtus prominentibus, sub margine arcuatim collectis. Stipul:e
2-3 lin. longze ad medium tubulose connate, demum profundius fisse, apice late
rotundate, ciliate. Panicula pedunculo i-$ poll. longo suffulta vel subsessilis,
brachiata, 1-14 poll. longa lataque, furfuraceo-puberula ; cymulze dense in corymbum
dispositee ; bracteze minutze, acute ; pedicelli brevissimi. Calyx turbinatus, paulo
ultra 4 lin. longus; lobi rotundati, minuti, ciliatuli. Corolle tubus 1 lin. longus, in
fauce dense villosus; lobi late ovati, vix $ lin. longi. Stamina breviter exserta,
3 lin. longa; filamenta antheris paulo breviora. Stigmata crassiuscula.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1210).
Allied to G. Junghuhniana, Miq., but chiefly distinct by the shape of the stipules, by
weaker panicles, smaller flowers (about half the size), and by the shape of the calyx-
limb.
CHASALIA GRACILIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami graciles, teretes, lineis e
commissuris decurrentibus tenuibus notati, viridi-albidi. ^ Folia petiolo tenui,
2 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-lanceolata, 2 poll. longa, 1-9 lin. lata, basi cuneata, apice
acuminata, tenuiter membranacea, in margine circumcirca tenuiter incrassata,
pallide olivacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-9, tenuibus, inferioribus 2-3 lin. inter
se distantibus. Stipule e basi connatà brevissime ovate, pallide, vix 1 lin.
attingentes. Inflorescentia terminalis, corymbulosa, pedunculo 1-1}; poll. longo
gracili suffulta, minute bracteata; bractew subulate ; flores pedicellati; pedicelli
1-2 lin. longi. Calyx cupulari-turbinatus, $ lin. longus; limbus 5-denticulatus,
minutissime papillosus. Corolle tubus fauce villosus, pro ratione latus, 2 lin.
longus; lobi 5, oblongi, «equilongi. Stamina 5,sub fauce inserta; filamenta
brevissima ; antheree elliptieze, } lin. longe. Stylus e fauce breviter exsertus, 1 lin.
2B 2
184: DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
longus; stigma bilobum, lobis latis obtusis. Bacca (immatura) subglobosa, 2 lin.
longa, calycis limbo coronata, minute albo-lineolata.
At the Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1294).
Closely allied to Chasalia rostrata, Miq., but the leaves are thinner and of a different
shape, and smaller than in any specimen of C. rostrata I have seen.
LASIANTHUS KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami graciles, teretes,
flavido- vel fusco-virides. Folia pedunculo 2-3 lin. longo suffulta, elliptico-oblonga
vel oblongo-lanceolata, 3-34 poll. longa, 2—14 poll. lata, basi acuta, apice subcaudato-
acuminata, firmule membranacea, pallide viridia, nervis lateralibus utrinque 5-6,
valde arcuatis, venis laxissime anastomosantibus, paucis, rectis vel subrectis.
Inflorescentize ad receptacula parva nodiformia sessilia redactee, pauciflorze, axillares ;
pedicelli nulli. Calycis tubus ovoideus vel oblongus, 1 lin. longus; lobi 5-3,
lineari-oblongi obtusiusculi, equilongi. Corolle tubus tenuis, 1% lin. longus, fauce
villosulus; lobi 5-3, lineari-oblongi vel oblongi, intus papillosi, tubo sequilongi.
Stamina 5-3, fauci inserta; antherz subsessiles, oblongse, i lin. iongee. Stylus
exsertus, 2 lin. longus; stigma bilobum. Ovarium 5-3-loculare; ovula solitaria,
basalia. Bacca globoso-pyreniformis, calyce coronata, 2 lin. longa; pyrena unica;
loculi ceeteri abortivi (an semper ?).
At the Penokok, alt. 3000—3200 feet (Haviland, 1306, 1323).
Allied to L. lucidus, Bl., which it resembles very much in every respect; but L. kina-
baluensis differs in the entire absence of all indumentum, in a somewhat different nervation
—the veins being less straight and more loosely anastomosing,—and in the smaller
flowers with obtuse calyx-lobes. The leaves are very minutely pellucid-dotted in
consequence of the very loose spongy mesophyll.
LASIANTHUS MEMBRANACEUS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus, Rami teretes, pallide
olivacei. Folia petiolo 4-7 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga,
5-13 poll. longa, 23-8 poll. lata, basi acuta, abrupte breviterque acuminata,
membranacea, pallide lurideque viridia, nervis primariis utrinque 5-6 basi plerumque
patulis, tunc valde prorsus arcuatis, secundariis tenuioribus plerunque 3-4 interjectis,
cum venis laxissime reticulantibus. ^ Stipule breviter lateque triangulares.
Inflorescentiz axillares ad receptacula nodiformia redactee; alabastra plura, flores
perfeeti vero pauci; pedicelli nulli. Calycis tubus obovoideus, 2 lin. longus,
dentibus 4 triangularibus, tubo dimidio fere minoribus, crassiusculis. Corollze tubus
13 lin. longus, fauce villosus; lobi lineari-oblongi 4, intus papillosi. Stamina 4;
antherze subsessiles, lineari-oblong:e, 3 lin. longee, inclusze. Stylus 6 lin. longus,
exsertus. Ovarium 4-loculare; ovula solitaria, basalia. ^ Bacca 4% lin. longa,
bipyrena ; pyrenze inzequales,
| At the Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1300, 1336).
. _ Allied to Z. oliganthus, Hook. fil., from Ceylon, but perfectly glabrous, Sr the leaves
uc more membranaceous, larger, and with a somewhat different venation, They are full of
minute pelingic dots, as in the preceding species.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 185
LASIANTHUS MEMBRANACEUS ?, Stapf, var. FIRMA, n. var. Folia minora elliptica, 3-4
poll. longa, 15-2 poll. lata, abrupte acuminata, firmiora, nervis plerumque utrinque 4,
minus patulis. Bacca ellipsoidea, utrinque breviter attenuata; pyrene crasse
crustace:e 2, quarum unà minore vacuá.
On the Kadamaian, alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1241).
In spite of the smaller and much firmer leaves, I believe this form should be referred
to the species just described. The venation of the leaves is evidently of the same type,
though the nerves are less spreading and fewer in number in accordance with the smaller
size of the blade. Otherwise there is no difference, except in the firmer consistency of the
leaves. These differences may be due to the higher elevation and a more exposed
habitat.
LASIANTHUS EUNEURUS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami teretes, dense minuteque fulvo-
tomentelli. Folia petiolo 3 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga, 3-33 poll. longa, 11-13 poll.
lata, basi breviter acuta et sspe leviter asymmetrica, apice acuta, pergamacea,
supra nigro-fuscescentia, glaberrima, subtus in nervis minute denseque fulvo-
tomentella, ezeterum glaberrima, utrinque lucida, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-8,
longe prorsus arcuatis, in nervum marginantem collectis, secundariis paucis brevibus
interjectis cum venis transversis numerosis atque venulis utrinque gracillime excisis
pulchre reticulantibus. Stipule e basi triangulari subulato-acuminat:, tomentelle,
Inflorescentiz axillares ad flores paucos fasciculatos redactæ, sessiles vel brevissime
pedicellatee. Calyx breviter turbinatus, vix 1 lin. longus, tomentellus; limbus
minute lateque 4-dentatus, deciduus. Corolla ignota. Bacca globosa, vix 2 lin,
dimetiens, 4-sulcata, (exsiecata) nigra, hirtella, 4-pyrena.
At 7600 feet (Haviland, 1119).
Nearly allied to Z. acuminatus, Wight, and L. strigillosus, Hook. fil., from the Western
Peninsula, and perhaps also to Z. Wightianus, Hook. fil., from Malacca; but the leaves
are firmer than in the first two species and not really acuminate, and the reticulation
is more prominent and exceedingly sharp. Z. Wightianus has more numerous
nerves and a distinct reticulation. Amongst the Malayan species .L. stercorarius,
Blume, comes nearest; L. reticulatus, Blume, which evidently is also nearly allied, I do
not know, except from the description, but it is said to have rather large acuminate leaves,
LASIANTHUS ROTUNDATUS, Stapf,n.sp. Frutex subglaber. Rami nigricantes, glaberrimi,
teretes, internodiis vix poll. longis. Folia petiolo 1-15 poll. longo suffulta, late
ovata, 13-2 poll. longa, 1-13 poll. lata, basi late rotundata vel subcordata, apice
acuta vel apiculata, coriacea, utrinque lucida, nigro-fuscescentia, subtus in nervis et
in margine incrassato sparse hirtella vel glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque 5,
arcuatis,in nervum marginantem collectis, venis transversis numerosis crassiusculis
venulisque reticulantibus utrinque prominulis. Stipule triangulares, breves,
Inflorescentize valde abbreviate, 1-2 lin. longe (floribus exclusis), seepe nodiformes,
subhirtell:z ; alabastra pro parte mox decidua vel abortiva, cicatrices relinquentia
numerosas ; flores perfecti pauci, sessiles vel brevissime pedicellati. Calyx cupulari-
186 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
turbinatus, 13 lin. longus, sparse pilis minutis aspersus; limbus latissime brevis-
simeque 4-dentatus, ciliolatus. Corolla parce pilosula; tubus latiusculus, 13 lin.
longus, fauce villosulus ; lobi 4, ovati, 1 lin. longi. Stamina 4, fauci inserta, exserta;
filamenta nigra, crassiuscula, 3 lin. longa; antherz oblongo-elliptieze, 3 lin. longe.
Styius longitudine tubi corollini; stigma 3-4-lobum. Ovarium 4-loculare. Bacca
subglobosa, 4-loba, 21 lin. longa, calycis limbo dentibus plerumque delapsis coronata ;
pyrene 4, crustaceze, secundum angulum internum excavatze.
At 8300 feet (Haviland, 1141).
Nearest allied to Lasianthus venulosus, Wight, but distinct by the rounded or even
subcordate base of the crowded leaves, shorter inflorescences, and very short calyx-teeth.
On the other side it is allied also to Z. euneurus, which has very similar fruits.
NERTERA DEPRESSA, Banks, in Gaertn. Fruct. i. 124, t. 26.
Creeping in jungle at 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1075).
Distribution: South and Central America, from the Falkland Islands and Patagonia
to South Mexico; islands of the South Sea to Tasmania and Victoria; New Zealand ;
Hawaii; Malayan Archipelago to Sumatra and the Philippines.
I think the Philippine plant (Cuming, 943), as well as the specimens from Java (Mt.
Malabar, 7000 feet, Anderson, 193; Horsfield, 779; Merapi, 3700-4000 feet, Junghuhn),
must be referred to .N. depressa, though they differ at the first glance more or less—but
not more than do the specimens from New Zealand or those from Tristan d'Acunha.
COPROSMA CRASSICAULIS, Stapf, n. sp., d 9. Frutex dicecus, prostratus, 4 ped. altus,
glaberrimus. Rami obtuse tetragoni, novelli nigricantes, crassiusculi, annotini
badii vel fusci, ad 2 poll. crassi. Folia subsessilia, oblonga vel obverse lanceolata,
¿3-13 poll longa, 4-5 lin. lata, basi breviter vel longius attenuata, apice acuta vel
apiculata, coriacea, nigricantia, subtus pallidiora et sublucida, in margine anguste
arcteque revoluta, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter 5-6, tenuibus, supra impressis,
subtus prominulis, vel utrinque indistinctis, venis nullis. Stipulee ovaíe, 13 lin.
longze, obtuse, crasse fimbriatee, fimbriis minute ciliatis, albidee. Flores singuli, ad
apices ramulorum interdum valde abbreviatorum subsessiles. Flos masculus: Calycis
tubus subnullus ; lobi 4, triangulares, basin versus interdum denticulo aucti, vix 2 lin.
longi. Corolle tubus brevis latusque, 1} lin. longus; lobi 4, oblongi, 3 lin. longi,
demum revoluti. Stamina 4,longe exserta, libera; filamenta gracilia, 5 lin. longa ;
anthere pendule, lineares, 23 lin. longze, basi bilobe, apice apiculate. Stylus
rudimentarius, minimus, bifidus, vix 4 lin. longus. Flos femineus: Calycis tubus
breviter ovoideus, } lin. longus, dentibus 4, brevibus, e basi triangulari linearibus,
sequilongis, plerumque basin versus denticulo auctis. Corolle tubus brevis, superne
E | sensim ampliatus, 13 lin. longus ; lobi ovati, eequilongi, demum recurvi. Stamina 4,
effeta, libera, inclusa; filamenta 2-1 lin. longa; antherx ovatee, basi bilob:e, apice
apiculate. Stylus basi ad $ lin. indivisus, crassiusculus, tunc bifidus ; stigmata
minute papillosa, filiformia, flexuosa, 10 lin. longa. Bacca ellipsoidea, 2 lin. longa,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 187
Pakapaka, 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1073); “on the top of the mountain” (probably at
13,000 feet) (Low).
Miquel described a species from East Java (10,000-11,000 feet) under the name of
Coprosma sundana, which may be very near to C. crassicaulis; however, I have not seen
a specimen of it, and I find his description too incomplete to enable me to recognize
the species from it. Besides, he says “ folia subtus venoso-retieulata," which certainly is
not the case in the Kinabalu plant. This belongs to a group of species which is repre-
sented in New Zealand by C. fetidissima, Forst., and C cuneata, Hook. fil., and in South-
east Australia by C. nitida, Hook. fil, but without approaching to them so closely as
the following species.
Corrosma HookEmr, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex humilis prostratus, ramosissimus, glaberrimus.
Rami tetragoni; internodia brevia, in veterioribus circiter 4-2 lin. longa, in ramulis
brevissima, 1 lin. longa, pro maximá parte stipulis plus minusve persistentibus obtecta.
Folia subsessilia vel petiolo ad 1 lin. longo tenui suffulta, oblonga vel lanceolato-
oblonga, 4-6 lin. longa, 13-2 lin. lata, acuta, coriacea, nigricantia, subnitida, nervis
venisque inconspicuis. Stipule firma, albidee, breviter triangulari-ovate, 1-14 lin.
longse, crasse breviterque fimbriatee. Flores solitarii vel masculi bini ad apices
ramulorum. Flos masculus : Calyx tetragono-turbinatus, breviter 4-dentatus, 1 lin.
longus, dentibus minute ciliatis. Corolle tubus breviter infundibuliformis, 1-13 lin.
longus; lobi ovati, sequilongi, recurvi. Stamina 4, exserta, libera; filamenta 21 lin.
longa; anther oblonge, 23-22 lin. longe, basi bilobæ, apice apiculate. Styli
rudimentarii minimi 2. Flos femineus : Calycis tubus ovoideus, 1 lin. longus ; limbus
4—5-dentatus, dentibus triangularibus, sub:equilongis. Corolla infundibuliformi-
campanulata, 21 lin. longa, ad medium 4—5-loba. Stamina 4-5; filamenta brevia ;
antherze effetee, lineares, 14 lin. longee, basi bifidee, apiculatze. Styli 2, a basi liberi,
lanceolato-acuminati, 4 lin. longi, minute papillosi. Bacca ellipsoidea, 2-21 lin.
longa, calyce persistente coronata.
In crevices near the top of Mt. Kinabalu, alt. 13,000 feet (Haviland, 1072).
Nearly allied to C. nitida, Hook. fil., from Victoria and Tasmania, and to C. cuneata,
Hook. fil., from New Zealand, the Auckland Group, and Campbell Island, and of a very
similar habit. But in C. nitida the branches are constantly covered with a very fine,
almost velvety tomentum (the plant is not glabrous as stated in Benth. Fl. Austral.
iii. 430), the internodes are longer and are soon deprived of their deciduous and very
short stipules, and the flowers are of a somewhat different shape. C. cuneata, on the other
hand, differs chiefly in the terete branches, very short and truncate stipules, smaller
obovate or obversely lanceolate leaves, and very slender tube of the female corolla.
COMPOSIT Æ.
GNAPHALIUM LUTEO-ALBUM, Linné, Spec. Plant. 851; var. MULTICEPS, Hook. fil, PL
Br. Ind. iii. 288.
In rice-fields at Kiau, alt. 2500 feet (Burbidge).
188 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Distribution (of species): Almost cosmopolitan.
I am not able to distinguish Gnaphalium Junghuhnianwn, Miq., and G. Reinwardt-
zanum, Miq., from this form.
DICHROCEPHALA LATIFOLIA, DC. in Guill. Archiv. Bot. ii. 518.
Bed of Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1274).
Distribution : A weed, widely spread throughout the Tropics of the Old World.
CAMPANULACEA?.
PRATIA BORNEENSIS, Hemsley in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1532.
, var. GRANDIFLORA, Stapf, n. var. Racemi robustiores, 2-3 poll. tantum longi,
Calycis lobi latiores, ad 4 lin. glabri. longi. Corolla duplo major, lilacina.
On the Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet ( Haviland, 1309).
Distribution (of species) : North Borneo.
'The general habit and the structure of the flower agree so perfectly with the plant on
which the species was founded that I prefer to describe the Kinabalu specimen rather
as a variety than as a species, though the flowers are twice as large.
PENTAPHRAGMA AURANTIACA, Stapf, n. sp. Caulis imprimis apicem versus asperulus.
Folia petiolo 1-12 poll. longo asperulo suffulta, oblique lateque ovata, 5 poll. longa,
91-4 poll. lata, basi inzequaliter rotundata vel subcordata, serrulata, membranacea,
supra glaberrima, subtus asperulo-papillosa, septempli-nervia, venis venulisque
utrinque prominulis. Cym:e axillares, breviter pedunculatze, cernuze; bracteze infimoe
4—6 lin. longse, late ovatze, flores arcte congestos involucrantes ; interiores minores
grosse papillos:e ; pedicelli subnulli. Calyx campanulatus,1 poll. longus; tubus sub-
villosus; lobi glabrati, oblongi, obtusiusculi, 5-6 lin. longi. Corolla aurantiaca,
2 poll. longa, e calyce breviter exserta; segmenta late obovata, apiculata. Stamina
circa stigma sulcatum conniventia et cohzerentia 1j lin. longa; antherze muticz.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1227).
Very well marked by the large campanulate calyx, which becomes wider after flowering
(to 4 inch in dried specimens), but not much longer, and by the orange-coloured corolla.
There are three species described of this genus, and one or two more might be added from
the material in the Kew Herbarium. They are distributed from the Malay Peninsula to
New Guinea.
CAMPANUM(A CELEBICA, Blume, Bijdr. 727.
On the side of torrents, Tampassuk Valley, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1358).
: Distribution: Malayan Archipelago, eastward as far as Celebes ; ; Indo-China to
Chittagong and the Sikkim Himalaya.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 189
ERICACEAZ,
VACCINIUM CORIACEUM, Hook. fil., in Hook. Ic. Pl. t, 892,
At 9000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1132).
According to Dr. Haviland, the calyx and corolla are pink,
V ACCINIUM BUXIFOLIUM, Hook. fil, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 891.
From 7500 to 11,800 feet (Low ; Haviland, 1083, 1084).
The corolla is not always distinctly ventricose, but often tubular, as in V. coriaceum ;
it is, however, larger than in that species (to 3lin.). The anthers are spurred or spurless,
and the style is slightly hairy at the base.
VACCINIUM, sp. near Y. varingiefolium, Miq.
A bush or small tree, at the Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1324).
This is probably different from V. varingiefolium, but the material is too incomplete
for description.
VACCINIUM PACHYDERMUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex erectus, inflorescentiá et gemmis exceptis
glaber. Rami crassiusculi. Folia superne congesta, petiolo crasso 1-3 lin. longo
suffulta, obovata vel rotundato-obovata, 2-4 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, basi subabrupte
vel longiuscule in petiolum attenuata, apice late rotundata, crasse coriacea, subtus
glandulose-punctata, margine acuto subrecurvo, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter
5, angulo 30° ortis, laxe reticulatim venosa, nervis venisque prominulis. Racemi
axillares, 13 poll. longi, cinereo-hirtelli; bractex oblonge vel obovato-oblonge, 3 lin.
longe, mox deciduse, minute hirtelle, deinde glabrate, ciliate; pedicelli curvati,
demum 4-6 lin. longi. Calycis tubus ovoideo-hemispheericus, 1-14 lin. longus,
hirtellus, dentibus 5 rotundato-ovatis vel ovatis, 1-2 lin. longis, ciliatis. Corolla
(ex alabastris tantum nota) subglabra. Filamenta pilosa ; anthere oblong:e, appendi-
cibus tubulosis, dorso minute 2-spinulose. Stylus crassiusculus, basi hirtellus.
Bacca (submatura) globosa, 3 lin. dimetiens, vertice inter calycis dentes persistentes
valde convexo, protruso, hirtello.
In barren and stony open places, alt. 10,500 feet; Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet, in
flower only. (Haviland, 1140, 1264.)
Allied to V. arbutoides, Clarke, from the Patkoi Range in North Burma, and in a
minor degree to Y. Teysmannii, Miq., from Java, but distinct by the few nerved obovate
leaves, and also from Y. arbutoides by the short broad calyx-teeth and from V. Teysmannii
by the indumentum.
VACCINIUM CORDIFOLIUM, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XV.p.7-11.) Frutex. Rami dense patuleque
albo- vel cinereo-pilosi. Folia valde approximata, internodia $-$ poll. longa multo
superantia ideoque laxe imbricata, subsessilia vel petiolo crasso 1-13 lin. longo piloso
suffulta, e basi auriculato-cordata ovata, 3-12 poll. longa, 3-1} poll. lata, acuta vel
obtusiuscula, coriacea, primo utrinque albo-pilosa, mox glabrata, supra lucida, nervis
lateralibus 4-5, eum venulis laxe retieulantibus utrinque prominulis. Racemi ex
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 20
190 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
axillis summis, interdum pseudo-terminales, singuli vel pauci, 2-23 poll. longi, dense
patuleque albo- vel cinereo-hirtelli; bractew ovate, 5—4 lin. longze, foliacez ; pedicelli
nutantes, 4-6 lin. longi. Calycis tubus albo- vel cinereo-hirtellus ; lobi late ovati, 14
lin. longi, pilosi, minute ciliati. Corolla pallide rosea, glaucescens, glabra, ovato-
tubulosa, 5 lin. longa ; lobi 5, brevissimi, late ovati, recurvi. Filamenta e basi
triangulari subulato-attenuata, 3 lin. longa, pilosa; antherze oblong:e, 1 lin. longee,
appendicibus sequilongis, sparse glandulose pilosulze, postice bispinulose. Stylus 4
lin. longus, crassus, ad 3 pilosus. Ovarium 5-loculare. Bacca calyce majusculo
coronata, globosa, 3 lin. dimetiens, alba.
From 8800 to 9000 feet (Haviland, 1135, 1184, 1148).
A very remarkable species, which is nearest allied to the Polynesian species Vaccinium
cereum, Forst. The densely crowded foliage gives it quite a singular appearance, not
unlike that of certain specimens of Gaultheria oppositifolia, Hook. fil.
VACCINIUM, sp. near V. Teysmannii, Miq.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1107).
This is very probably a new species, but the material appears to me insufficient for
description. The leaves are very coriaceous and not unlike those of V. Teysmannii, but
they are almost sessile and their nervation is more prominent and of a slightly different
character; the racemes are stiff and upright, 2-3 in. long, and the young fruits ovoid,
crowned by short ovate and ciliate calyx-lobes, usually with a few black glands on the
margin. I haye seen but one deformed flower.
VACCINIUM MICRANTHERUM, Stapf, n. sp. Arbor humilis, inflorescentiá exceptá glabra.
Ramuli graciles. Folia subsessilia, ovato-lanceolata, 2-23 poll. longa, 10 lin. lata,
basi late cuneatim attenuata, apice longiuscule acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 2, rarius 3, fere e basiad vel ultra medium prorsus ductis, superne
circiter 3 utrinque additis, angulo 30° ortis, reticulato-venosa, nervis venisque leviter
prominulis. Racemi ex axillis superioribus orti, 2-pollicares, graciles; bracteze cito
deciduze, e cicatricibus probabiliter minute ; pedicelli 3 lin. longi, recurvi vel patuli,
plus minusve hirtelli. Calycis tubus breviter cupularis, vix i lin. longus, cinereo-
hirtellus; lobi late triangulares, ciliatuli. Corolla ovato-tubulosa, 3 lin. longa, ore
parvo, intus inferne sericeo-pilosula ; lobi minuti, erecti, minute ciliolati.- Filamenta
3 lin. longa, pilosa ; antheræ breviter lineari-oblongee, 4 lin. longe, appendicibus tubu-
losis dimidio brevioribus, postice minute bispinulose. ^ Stylus crassiusculus, ad
medium hirtellus, 23 lin. longus. Ovarium vertice hirtello.
At 3500 feet (Haviland, 1296).
Allied to Y. Hasseltii, Miq., but differing considerably in the small anthers and the
short filaments, and also in the hairy calyx and the much thinner leaves.
E GAULTHERIA BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XV. c. 4-6.) Fruticulus, 2 pedes altus,
d glaberrimus. Ramuli graciles. Folia subsessilia, obovato-oblonga vel breviter
Ad d : ps oblanceolata, 4-5 lin. longa, 11-2 Jin. lata, basi et apice acuta, margine utrinque sub
. . reeurvo, minute glanduloso-denticulata, dentieulis 4-6, coriacea. Racemi ex axillis
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 191
superioribus vel summis orti, seepe pseudo-terminales, 1-13 poll. longi; bractew late
ovate, vix 1 lin. long:e, diu persistentes ; pedicelli cernui, ad medium vel supra bibrac-
teolati, 3 lin. longi. Calyx fere ad basin 5-partitus; segmenta ovata, ilin. longa.
Corolla alba, ovato-tubulosa, 3 lin. longa, dentibus porrectis minutis. Filamenta
l lin. longa, linearia; anthere ovate, 1 lin. longe, asperulz ; loculi poro apicali de-
hiscentes, uterque appendicibus 2 setaceis, reflexis, patulis ornatus. Ovarium globo-
sum, 5-lobatum, ut stylus glabrum. Capsula baccata, alba.
At 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1085).
Very similar in habit and foliage to Gaultheria antipoda, Forst., but distinet by the
comparatively long racemes, the bibracteolate pedicels and larger flowers.
DIPLYCOSIA CHRYSOTHRIX, Stapf. (Pl. XIV. E. 10-14.) Frutex epiphyticus. Rami
graciles, dense pilis aureo-rufis demum cinerascentibus setoso-hirsuti. Folia petiolo
$-i lin. longo suffulta, ovata, 8-10 lin. longa, 5-6 lin. lata, basi rotundata, apice
acuta, coriacea, subtus plerumque leviter concava, supra glaberrima, lucida, subtus
et imprimis in margine setosa, nervis utrinque 1-2, supra impressis, ssepius indistinctis.
Flores solitarii vel pauci in folierum axillis; pedicelli densissime setoso-hirsuti, 2-3 lin.
longi, apice bibraeteolati; bracteolee parvee, cupulatim connate. Calyx fere ad basin
5-partitus ; segmenta ovata, 3 lin. longa, acuta, extus densissime sericeo-hirsuta, intus
minute adpresseque pilosula. Corolla rosea, late cupulari-campanulata, 5 lin. longa,
glabra; lobi late ovati, 1 lin. longi. Filamenta glabra, 14 lin. longa; anthers
ovate, minute asperule, appendicibus rectis, paulo brevioribus, oblique apertis.
Ovarium disco angusto cinctum, globosum, 5-lobatum, minute pilosulum ; stylus
43 lin. longus. Placentze prope loculi basin ortee, multi-ovulate.
At 6600 feet (Haviland, 1182).
DIPLYCOSIA RUFA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIV. p. 8-9.) Frutex epiphyticus. Rami dense
patuleque rufo-setosi, setis demum cinerascentibus. Folia brevissime petiolata, ovata,
1-23 poll. longa, 8-14 lin. lata, basi rotundata, acuminata vel acutissima, coriacea,
supra glaberrima, nitida, infra et imprimis in margine rufo-setosa, nervis lateralibus
utrinque paucis, basalibus plerumque supra distinctis. Flores axillares, solitarii
vel pauci, fasciculati, e gemmis perulatis orti; pedicelli densissime setosi, 2-3 lin.
longi, apice bibracteolati ; bracteolee cupulatim connatee, extus dense setosee. Calyx
fere ad imam basin partitus; segmenta lanceolata, 3-32 lin. longa, extus densissime
pilis aureo-rufis sericeo-hirsuta, intus glabra. Corolla angulato-campanulata, 31—4
lin. longa, ad 2 5-lobata ; tubus inferne et in commissuris glaber; Jodi ovati, acumi-
nati, extus rufo-hirsuti. Stamina ssepe post corollam delapsam persistentia ; filamenta
14 lin. longa, glabra; antherze ovatze, 1 lin. longze, minutissime asperulee, appendici-
bus rectis equilongis, apice poro oblique apertis. Ovarium disco lobulato cinctum,
globosum, 5-lobatum, hirtellum ; stylus 2 lin. longus.
From 7500 to 8000 feet (Haviland, 1137, 1181). |
This and the preceding species are allied to D. pilosa, Blume, but very distinct in the
dense and long shining indumentum of the bracts, pedicels, and calyces, and the coarser
202
192 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
hairs of the branches and leaves. Both species certainly are closely allied, but sufficiently
distinct by the size and shape of the leaves and the shape and hairiness or glabrousness of
the corolla. In both cases the flowering and the vegetative branches originate from
perulate buds. The bud-scales are much smaller in Diplycosia chrysothrix, more
hirsute, and almost hidden by the bristles of the stem.
DIPLYCOSIA CILIOLATA, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 894.
From 6000 to 8000 feet (Low; Haviland, 1135).
DIPLYCOSIA MYRTILLUS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Ramuli graciles, novelli parce setulosi,
mox glabri. Folia petiolo 1-14 lin. longo suffulta, elliptico-oblonga, 5-7 lin. longa, 3
lin. lata, utrinque acuta vel apice mucronulata, in margine indistincte crenulata vel
integra et parce setulosa, setulis mox deciduis, coriacea, supra lucida, subtus glandu-
loso-punctata, costá supra impress’, subevenia. Flores solitarii, rarius bini, axillares ;
pedicelli hirtelli, 2 lin. longi, basi minute bracteati, apice bibracteolati ; bracteolee
ovatee, basi connatee, ¿-4 lin. longs, ciliolatee. Calyx ad medium 5-lobus, 14 lin.
longus ; lobi ovati, acuti, ciliolati. Corolla campanulata, 3 lin. longa, fere ad medium
5-loba; lobi apice recurvi. Filamenta e basi ovata abrupte linearia, glabra, 13 lin.
longa; antherze ovato-lineares, 2 lin. longze, asperule, in appendices dimidio breviores,
apice poro minuto apertos, abeuntes. Ovarium disco cinctum, globosum, apice
hirtellum, ezeterum ut stylus 3 lin. longus glabrum.
At 8700 feet (Haviland, 1136).
DIPLYCOSIA PINIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIV. 4. 1-3.) Frutex glaberrimus. Rami
nigro-fusci, graciles, dense foliati. Folia juvenilia fere filiformia, exisccando
nigricantia, adulta anguste linearia, 2-23 poll. longa, 2-1 lin. lata, basi in petiolum
brevissimum attenuata, obtusiuscula, integerrima, coriacea, enervia. Flores axillares,
solitarii vel geminati; pedicelli tenues, 2-3 lin. longi, apice bibracteolati ; bracteole
rotundatze, ciliolate. Calyx 1 lin. longus; segmenta 5, ovata, acuta vel subacumi-
nata, albo-ciliolata, apice recurva. Corolla (juvenilis) calyce vix longior, glabra.
Disci glanduli 5, rotundi, ovarium eingentes. Filamenta glabra; anthers ovate, in
appendices tubulosos rectos abeuntes. Ovarium ovoideum, sparse pilis longis
vestitum ; stylus glaber; stigma minute bilobum.
At the Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1297).
This is a species of very peculiar habit, if compared with the remainder of the genus,
whilst it approaches nearest to D. ciliolata, Hook. fil., in its flowers.
DIPLYCOSIA HETEROPHYLLA, Blume, Bijdr. 853 (?) ; (forma parvifolia, an species nova ?).
. At 7600 feet (Haviland, 1146).
I have seen only fruiting branches. Some of the specimens of D. heterophylla (for
. instance Beccari, Pl. Sum. n. 243, and in a less degree a specimen collected by Lobb on
. Mt. Salak in Java), have, at least partly, leaves which approach those of Haviland’s plant
. very closely, except that the latter are still more acuminate. The nervation, which is hardly
Siem the Kinabalu specimens, seems to be of the same type as in D. heterophylla,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 193
whilst the fruits agree perfectly. For these reasons I am rather inclined to regard the
plant enumerated as a small leafy form of the variable Diplycosia heterophylla; but I
must add that it differs from all specimens of D. heterophylla which I have seen in the very
slender branches, the long acuminate leaves, and the solitary or sometimes paired flowers.
DIPLYCOSIA PUNCTULATA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, inflorescentiá exceptá glaber. Ramuli
crassi, pallide badii, minute nigro-glanduloso-punctati. Folia petiolo crasso 4-6 lin,
longo suffulta, elliptica, 23-3 poll. longa, 11-12 poll. lata, basi breviter attenuata,
apice acuta vel subaeuminata, margine acuto subrecurvo, valde coriacea, utrinque
glandulis nigris punctata, nervis plerunque utrinque angulo 70° ortis, infra mar-
ginem areuatim collectis, supra impressis, infra prominulis, venis paucis. Flores
4-6, in fasciculis axillaribus et extra-axillaribus ; pedicelli basi bracteá parva suffulti,
hirtelli, ad 2 lin. longi, apice bibracteolati ; bracteolz hirtellee, late ovate. Calyx
2 lin. longus, glaber, nigricans, ad medium vel ultra 5-lobatus; lobi ovati, minute
glanduloso-ciliolati. ^ Corolla in alabastro angulato-ovata. Filamenta glabra;
anthers lineari-oblongze, minute asperule, appendicibus multo brevioribus longitu-
dinaliter fere ad basin apertis. Ovarium disco cinctum, globosum, 5-lobatum, ut
stylus glabrum.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1202).
Also allied to D. heterophylla, Blume, and D. scabrida, Becc., but characterized by the
longer petioles, the more numerous lateral nerves, and the copious glands, particularly of
the young branches.
DIPLYCOSIA PENDULIFLORA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIV. c. 7.) Frutex glaberrimus. Rami
graciles, pallidi. Folia petiolo crasso, supra sulcato, 3 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica
vel ovato-elliptica, 6-7 poll. longa, 21-4 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel subcordata,
abrupte acuminata, coriacea, infra nigro-punctata, nervis lateralibus utrinque circa
4-5 supra impressis, infra prominulis, in nervum a margine remotum collectis, venis
paucis tenuibus. Flores solitarii vel gemini, e ramulis orti, penduli ; pedicelli bracteis
minutis suffulti, 1 poll. longi, filiformes, apice bibracteolati; bracteole ovate, basi
connatee, 1-2 lin. longs. Calycis fructus semimaturi tubus piriformis, carnosulus,
21 lin. longus; limbus 5-partitus; lobi ovati, minute glanduloso-ciliati. Capsula
vertice glabra; stylus 13 lin. longus.
On Kinitaki River, alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1269).
Though the material is incomplete, I do not hesitate to describe this very remarkable
species, the affinity of which lies evidently with D. heterophylla, Bl. It is strongly
marked by the large leaves and the slender and long pedicels.
DIPLYCOSIA KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIV. B. 4-6.) Frutex prostratus, paucos
pollices altus. Rami crassiusculi, glabri, teretes. Folia petiolo crasso, 2-3 lin. longo,
suffulta, elliptica vel obovata vel oblonga, 21-23 poll. longa, 11-15 poll. lata, basi acuta,
apice rotundato—obtusa, margine arguto subrecurvo, setoso-ciliata vel demum gla-
brata, coriacea, opaca, 5- vel rarius 7-plinervia, nervis infimis 2 fere ad apicem ductis,
194 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
2 sequentibus sub ipso apice cum costá conjunctis, nervis superioribus venisque
utrinque impressis, grosse reticulantibus. Flores extra-axillares, in ramulis annotinis
solitarii vel pauci, fasciculati e gemmis perulatis; pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi, glabri,
basi bracteati, apice bibracteolati; bracteolse rotundato-ovatee, 1 lin. longse, ciliate.
Calyx late cupularis, fere 2 lin. longus, fere ad basin 5-partitus; segmenta late
ovata, glabra, ciliata. Corolla campanulata, virescens, 43 lin. longa, ad 5 5-lobata ;
lobi ovati, brevissime obtuseque acuminati, porrecti. Filamenta 2-23 lin. longa, in
marginibus asperula ; antheree lineari-oblongze, 13 lin. longze, antice leviter incurvæ,
asperule, in appendices tubulosos, apice oblique apertos, j lin. longos attenuate.
Ovarium disco cinctum, globosum, glabrum ; stylus glaber, superne incrassatus, 25
lin. longus.
From 10,500 to 12,060 feet (Haviland, 1086).
According to Dr. Haviland the flowers are close to the ground.
DIPLYCOSIA URCEOLATA, Stapf,n.sp. Frutex, inflorescentiis exceptis, glaberrimus. Folia
petiolo crasso 3-6 lin. longo suffulta, obovata vel obovato-oblorga, 2-3 poll. longa,
1-1} poll. lata, basi interdum longe in petiolum attenuata, apice rotundata, margine
acuto subrecurvo, coriacea, supra lucida, infra crebre nigro-punctulata, 5-plinervia,
nervis infimis fere marginantibus versus apicem evanidis, sequentibus 2 sub apice
ipso cum costa connexis, supra impressis, infra prominulis, ceterum subevenia.
Flores axillares et extra-axillares, in ramis annotinis 3-6 fasciculati; pedicelli hirtelli
vel glabrati, 2-3 lin. longi, basi minute bracteati, apice bibracteolati; bracteolee
rotundato-ovatz, ciliolate, à lin. longæ. Calyx sub anthesi late cupularis, deinde
paulo accrescens, turbinatus, ad % 5-lobatus, 14-1? lin. longus; lobi late ovati,
ciliolati. Corolla urceolata, viv 2 lin. longa, 5-dentata, dentibus late ovatis,
marginibus revolutis. Filamenta glabra, $ lin. longa; anthere ovato-oblong:e,
filamentis «quilonge, asperul«e, in appendices brevissimos late apertos abeuntes.
Ovarium globosum, ut stylus, glabrum. Capsula semimatura carnosula, turbinata,
fere 3 lin. longa.
At 8000 feet (.Haviland, 1150).
DIPLYCOSIA MEMECYLOIDES, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, inflorescentiis exceptis, glaber. Rami
teretes, subgraciles. Folia petiolo 2-3 lin. longo suffulta, late ovato-elliptica,
2 poll. longa, 1-1} poll. lata, bast rotundata vel brevissime attenuata, abrupte
acuteque acuminata, margine subplano, coriacea, exsiccata nigro-fusca, utrinque
lucidula, epunctata, 5-7-plinervia, nervis 2 infimis usque ad acumen, sequentibus
2 fere ad apicem productis, tenuibus, prominulis, ceteris tenuissimis, rectis, utrinque
4-7. Flores axillares et extra-axillares, solitarii vel 2-3; pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi,
hirtelli, demum glabrescentes, basi minute bracteati, apice bibracteolati; bracteolee
ovatz, ciliolatze, basi connate, $ lin. longs. Calyx sub anthesi late cupularis,
13 lin. longus, ad 4-2 5-lobatus ; lobi ovati, ciliolati. Corolla tubuloso-campanulata,
8 lin. longa, ad $ 5-lobata; lobi late ovati. Filamenta glabra, 1i-1j lin. longa;
. Antbere ovato-oblongz, minute asperule, $ lin. longs, in appendices dimidio
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 195
breviores, apice oblique apertos, attenuate. Ovarium disco angusto cinctum,
globosum, apice pilosum ; stylus glaber, superne incrassatus, vix 2 lin. longus.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1208).
DIPLYCOSIA CINNAMOMIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaber. Ramuli exsiccati, sub-
angulati. Folia petiolo 3—4 lin. longo crasso suffulta, ovata vel oblongo-ovata,
21-4$ poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel leviter cordata, sensim et
sepius longiuscule acuminata, coriacea, supra sublucida, subtus nigro-punctata,
5-plinervia, nervis lateralibus 2 infimis ad 2, sequentibus 2 fere ad apicem
ipsum productis, cæteram fere evenia. Flores e ramulis annotinis extra-axillares,
3-6 fasciculati; pedicelli basi minute bracteati, hirtelli, 2-2} lin. longi, apice
bibracteolati; bracteole late ovate, basi connate, ciliolate. Calyx turbinato-
campanulatus, glaber, vix 1} lin. longus, ad 3 vel } 5-lobatus; lobi rotundato-ovati,
eiliolati. Corolla rosea, wrceolaris, 2 lin. longa, sub ore constricta, dentibus ovatis
brevibus. Filamenta ¿ lin. longa, glabra; antherze equilonge, ovate, minute
asperulze, appendicibus brevissimis late apertis. Ovarium disco cinctum, globosum,
5-lobatum, ut stylus glabrum.
From 8000 to 9000 feet (Haviland, 1138).
RHODODENDRON Lowi, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 883. _
From 8000 to 10,500 feet (Low, Burbidge; Haviland, 1081).
Distribution: Owen Stanley Range, New Guinea, according to Sir F. v. Mueller.
The capsules are 1-14 in. long and up to } in. broad. The valves separate down to the
base and come off at last. They are comparatively thin, but hard and woody, with a
broad, pellucid, and wavy margin. Mr. Burbidge says in a note that the flower-
clusters measure 12-14 in. in diameter, and that the shrub attains a height of from
10 to 30 feet.
RHODODENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex epiphyticus, glaber. Rami
crassiusculi, cortice cinerascente. Folia probabiliter dimorpha in innovatione
quáque, inferiora alternantia delapsa cicatrices parvas relinquentia, summa 2
subopposita vel 3 inflorescentias subtendentia et innovationes novellas in axillis
foventia, petiolo crassissimo 4 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga, 5--7 poll. longa, 23-3
poll. lata, basi auriculato-cordata, apice obtusiuscula, valde coriacea, glabra, costá
validá, supra prominente, subtus canaliculatá. Rami floriferi brevissimi, crassi,
dense cicatricibus perularum obsiti, pauciflori. Pedicelli 1} poll. longi. Calyx
obsoletus, disciformis. Corolla alba rubro-suffusa, superne campanulata, 3-1 poll.
longa, ad vel paulo ultra medium 5-lobata; tubus brevis, cylindricus, intus, basi
villosulà except, glaber; lobi obovato-oblongi vel oblongi. Stamina 10; filamenta,
e basi incrassatá villosula, filiformia, 5 lin. longa; anthers exserte, breviter
obovate, 1 lin. long. Ovarium glabrum, breviter cylindricum, 5-loculare, in
stylum fere 4 breviorem attenuatum ; stigma dilatatum.
On Kinitaki River, alt. 5000 feet (Low).
196 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU
Allied to Rhododendron Lowi, but the flowers reddish white and much smaller.
There are 4 flowers with the specimen, 3 of them detached. It appears to me, from the
scars on the axis of the inflorescence, that there were not more on it.
RHODODENDRON BROOKEANUM, Low, ex Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. iii. (1848) p. 42.
A lanky shrub, growing on a tree-fern, but taller than it,” at 7800 feet (Haviland,
1149).
Distribution : North Borneo.
RHODODENDRON STENOPHYLLUM, Hook. fil. ex Beccari, ‘ Malesia,’ i. 203. Burbidge,
* The Gardens of the Sun, 275, with fig. on p. 274. Frutex glaber, 2-4 ped.
altus. Rami graciles. Folia dimorpha, persistentia, intervallis 1-2 poll. longis
congesta, numerosa (ad 15), partim subverticillata, angustissime lineari-lan-
ceolata vel linearia, 1$-2$ poll. longa, 1-2 lin. lata, basi iu petiolum brevis-
simum attenuata, acuta vel interdum fere setaceo-acutata, coriacea, sparsissime
lepidota, uninervia ; decidua pauca ad basin interstitiorum, pauca alia zequaliter
inter persistentia distributa, submembranacea, scariosa, vel superiora in folia
persistentia abeuntia, lanceolata, acuta vel subulato-acuminata. Inflorescentia
terminalis e gemmis perulatis aphyllis, pauciflora, ut videtur plerumque 2-flora.
Perule circiter 6-8, subsequilonge, ovate, 6-8 lin. longe, glabra, tenues.
Pedicelli crassiusculi, 3 lin. longi, glabri. Calyx obsoletus, disciformis. Corolla
coccinea, superne campanulata, 1 poll. longa, ad fere medium 5-loba; tubus brevis,
latiusculus ; lobi obovati, Stamina 10; filamenta 5-6 lin. longa, basi pilosula;
anthere oblong, 2 lin. long. Ovarium cylindricum, 2} lin. longum, dense
albo-tomentellum, 5-loculare ; stylus 3 lin. longus; stigma dilatatum.
In very shady, mossy places, from 5000 to 8000 feet (Low, Burbidge ; Haviland, 1104).
Closely allied to R. salicifolium, Becc., but differing in the very narrow leaves and
smaller corollas with a wider tube. The specimens collected by the three gentlemen
mentioned are very uniform. The sequence of the leaves is very remarkable, though
typically the same as in the other species of $ Eu-Rhododendron. Sir Hugh Low's
specimens as well as Haviland’s were collected in the spring, At this time all branches
terminate with a cluster of persistent leaves which correspond to the “ Sommerblátter ”
of R. ponticum (Maximowicz), and surround a very young bud. ‘To judge from the
dried material, these buds grow out during the following season into young branches of
1-2 in. in length, shifting the inner bud-scales along with them, till at a certain time the
normal leaves appear in great numbers, terminating the growth of that season. What
the length of that period is I do not know, but it seems very probable that more
than one shoot is formed every year. The branches may grow for several consecutive
periods without lateral ramifications, but when these are formed they always spring from
the axils of * summer leaves," and in a very limited number (2-1). The membranaceous
or scarious leaves pass into the summer leaves sometimes through one or two inter-
mediate leaves, but more often they follow each other abruptly. Different as R. steno-
phyllum may seem if compared with R. javanicum, they yet belong to the same group.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 197
RHODODENDRON RUGOSUM, Low, ex Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. PL t. 885.
From 7000 to 10,000 feet (Low, Burbidge; Haviland, 1139).
The capsules are cylindric, about 6 lin. long, and densely pubescent. The valves
separate to the base, but they do not twist or recurve.
RHODODENDRON ACUMINATUM, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 886.
From 6000 to 8000 feet (Low).
RHODODENDRON DURIONIFOLIUM, Beccari, ‘ Malesia,’ i. 202.
Terrestrial or epiphytic, from 4000 to 7000 feet (Low, Burbidge ; Haviland, 1163, 1298).
Distribution: North-west and North Borneo.
A specimen collected by Low, and named R. polyanthum in MS. by Sir Joseph
Hooker, has some leaves much larger than most of the other specimens have, the largest
measuring 7 in. by 22, but there is no other difference. One of Dr. Haviland's
branches has leaves of an intermediate size.
RHODODENDRON LACTEUM, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Eu-Rhododendron). (Pl. XV. a. 1-2.) Frutex
epiphyticus. Rami dense cinereo-tomentello-hirtelli. Folia alternantia vel verti-
cillata, sessilia, lineari-oblonga, 1-1} poll. longa, }-} poll. lata, basi rotundata,
apice obtusa, margine recurvo, coriacea, supra minutissime hirtella, sublucida, subtus
im costá longius, ceterum brevissime sparseque hirtella, subuninervia. Inflores-
centia terminalis, e gemma perulatà aphyllà, multiflora. Perulee minute sericeo-
tomentelle. ^ Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi, sericeo-hirtelli. Calyx obsoletus. Corolla
alba, hypocrateriformis; tubus subrectus vel rectus, 14-2 poll. longus, villosulus ;
limbus 5-partitus ; lobi oblongi, 8 lin. longi, 3-33 lin. lati, glabri. Stamina 10;
filamenta tenuissima, ad 3 lin. exserta; anther ovate,)? lin. longs. Ovarium
cylindricum, dense sericeo-pilosum, 3 lin. longum, 5-loculare ; stylus sericeo-pilosulus,
sub apice glaber, 2 poll. longus; stigma dilatatum; lobulatum.
Penokok, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1295). |
Allied to R. jasminiflorum, Hook. fil., but very distinct by the narrow leaves and the
indumentum of the branches, leaves, and flowers.
RHODODENDRON VERTICILLATUM, Low, ex Lindley, Journ. Hort. Soc. iii. (1848), 86;
Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 884.
Epiphytic or terrestrial on rocky banks of torrents, from 8000 to 11,500 feet (Low ;
Haviland, 1147).
Distribution: North-west Borneo (Mt. Penrisen) and North Borneo.
RHODODENDRON BUXIFOLIUM, Low, ex Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. PL t. 890.
Found only at 12,000 feet, evidently very rare (Low; Haviland, 1080).
The capsules are oblong, } in. long, and sparingly covered with small scales. Both
collectors state that they found it on one place only, and both give the elevation at
12,000 feet.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 9p
198 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
RHODODENDRON CUNEIFOLIUM, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Zragrantes) (Pl. XV. B. 3.) Arbor
humilis. Ramuli graciles, novelli badii, demum albo-cinerascentes. Folia petiolo
1 lin. longo suffulta, obovato-cuneata, 6-8 lin. longa, superne 2 lin. lata, basi longe
cuneatim in petiolum attenuata, apice rotundata, emarginata, margine leviter
recurvo, impresso-punctata, coriacea, utrinque sparsim lepidota, supra demum
glabrata, lucida, uninervia, costá supra impress’. Flores terminales solitarii vel
bini e gemma perulatá, ovoideá, acutá, 2 lin. longá. Perule paucæ, ovate,
exteriores breviores, sericeo-ciliatulee. ^ Pedicelli filiformes, 2 lin. longi, dense
lepidott. Calyx breviter 5-lobatus, lepidotus. Corolla rubra, tubulosa, superne
sensim leviterque dilatata, 5 lin. longa, extus lepidota; lobi 1-1} lin. longi,
porrecti (an semper ?), ovati, margine suberosuli. Stamina 10; filamenta filiformia,
glabra, breviter exserta; antherz ovato-globoss, i lin. longe. | Ovarium dense
lepidotum ; stylus tenuis, glaber, 3 lin. longus.
At 7000 feet (.Haviland, 1180).
Allied to R. Vidalii, Rolfe, R. apoanum, Stein, R. rosmarinifolium, Vid. and R.
quadrasianum, Vid., but distinct by the very narrow cuneate leaves and the rather tubulose
corolla. Of these I know R. rosmarinifolium only from Vidal’s description; I have
seen the other three. According to Vidal, R. rosmarinifolium differs by robust
branches, oblong linear leaves, smaller bell-shaped flowers, and hairy pedicels. Æ.
apoanum is a native of Mindanao, A. quadrasianum inhabits South and Central Luzon,
whilst R. Vidalit (=R. verticillatum, Vidal, non Low) and R. rosmarinifolivm were
found in North Luzon. They all come very closely together.
RHODODENDRON ERICOIDES, Low, ex Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t, 887.
From 8000 feet almost to the top, very common at 10,500 feet (Low; Havilana,
1066) : in sandstone grit and peat (Burbidge).
From 6 to 10 feet high at the lower limit, dwarfed (6 in.) at the higher elevations.
CLETHRA CANESCENS, Reinwardt, in Blume, Bijdr. 863.
In young jungle, Ulu Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1367).
Distribution : Java, Lombok, Celebes, North Borneo (Kulawat, alt. 2000 feet, Lobb !).
The species is represented by very closely allied forms in South China (C. Faberi,
Hance) and in Luzon (C. lancifolia, Turez.).
EPACRIDEA.
LEUCOPOGON MALAYANUS, Jack in Mal. Misc. I. v. 20.
. Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland, 1263).
Distribution: Malaya, on the mainland as far as Malacca, in the island of Phukok
in South Cambodja, and from Sumatra to Borneo.
LEUCOPOGON SUAVEOLENS, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 898.
. From 7500 to 10,000 feet (Low); from 9000 to 13,000 feet (Haviland, 1062).
Distribution: North Borneo, Mindanao.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 199
The leaves vary from linear oblong (3-43 by 14 lin.) to linear (5 by 1 lin.) ; but the
venation is always the same.
MYRSINEZ.
Masa INDICA, Wallich, in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey € Wall. ii. 230 in notá.
From 4000 to 5000 feet (Haviland, 1191, 1192, 1304).
Distribution : Tropical Asia.
MYRSINE CAPITELLATA, Wall. in Roxb, Fl. Ind. ed. Carey & Wall. ii. 295.
, Var. AVENIS, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. iii. 512.
From 8000 to 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1090, 1151).
Distribution (of species): Himalaya, from Nepal to Bhotan, Khasia Hills, Silhet,
Assam, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, Hainan, Ceylon, and Western Peninsula to
the Anamally Hills.
The Himalayan form, on which the species was founded, is very uniform in every
respect, and some of the Khasia specimens approach it very closely, whilst others pass
more or less into the common Malayan form, which was named M. avenis by De Candolle.
Exactly the same veinless form occurs in Ceylon and in the Western Peninsula, where the
more luxuriant specimens or low-region forms, however, are not inclined to develop leaves
of quite the same shape as they do in the Khasia Hills, but a form which is more
oblanceolate or obovate and which occurs in stunted specimens of the higher regions
of the Khasia Hills. Quite similar forms occur in Borneo and the Philippines and
in Hainan, but wherever the leaves are enlarged they maintain their very coriaceous
consistency, the nerves never become so prominent as in the Himalayan or the
common Khasia form, and the leaves are always widest in the upper third or fourth. The
shape of the calyx-lobes and the length of the pedicels vary too much to afford a
fixed character for specific distinction. The same seems to be the case with regard to
the tetramery or pentamery of the flowers, as in the specimens from Kinabaiu the
flowers are 4- or 5-merous. Therefore, I think, M. affinis, DC., M. Hasseltii, Blume, and
AM. borneensis, Scheff., must be merged into M. capitellata v. ávenis, and I doubt very much
whether M. densiflora, Scheff., of which I have seen only a barren branch, can be kept up.
The Kinabalu specimens have exceptionally large fruits (3 by 23 lin.) and very
obtuse calyx-lobes. The flowers are always pedicelled and less numerous than they
usually are in the variety avenis.
MYRSINE DASYPHYLLA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami crassiusculi, cicatri-
cibus foliorum et ramulorum floriferorum residuis obtecti, cortice nigricante, plus
minusve late suleati, superne, ut ramuli, densissime foliati. Folia subsessilia,
spathulato-cuneata, 3 5 poll. longa, 4-5 lin. lata, obtusa, haud emarginata, crasse
coriacea, supra glauco-viridia, lucida, subtus opaca, elandulose punctata, uninervia,
avenia. Flores pauci vel solitarii, sessiles, in ramulis axillaribus brevissimis, gemmis
perulatis. Perulz bracteseeque minute glandulose ciliatze. Calyx % lin. longus,
ad $ 4-5-lobatus; lobi obtusi, late ovati, minute papilloso-ciliati vel subglabri.
2pn2
200 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Corolla 14 lin. longa; tubus brevissimus; segmenta oblonga obtusa, demum reflexa,
in margine intusque papillosa. Antherze sessiles, basi corolle segmentis adnate,
3 lin. longe. Ovarium ovoideum, apice annulatum ; stylus 3 lin. longus, irregu-
lariter lobulatus. Fructus globosus, apéculatus, pallidus, 2 lin. dimetiens; stylus
diu persistens.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1065).
Nearly allied to M. capitellata v. «venis, Wall., and to JM. sumatrana, Miq., but
distinct from the former by the exceedingly dense foliage, the glaucous, sessile or
subsessile leaves, and the sessile flowers ; from the latter by the dense foliage, the leaves,
which are not emarginate and not pellucid-dotted, the sessile flowers; and from both by
the more apiculate fruits. The dense foliage is a very striking character, and has no
parallel even in the most stunted specimens of M. capitellata Y have seen, nor in
those of M. sumatrana.
MxnsiNE, sp. affinis M. achradifolie, F. Muell.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland, 1258).
There is but one branch with fruits in the collection. 'The stem and the leaves are
exceedingly like those of M. achradifolia from Queensland. the only difference being in
the petioles, which are 4 lin. long. in the Kinabalu plant, and 1 inch in M. achradifolia.
The flowers are pedicelled as they are in this species, and the calyx also is very similar,
but, perhaps, a little smaller. 'The fruits are comparatively small, almost depressed,
globose, about 13-12 lin. in diameter. As I do not know the flower of Dr. Haviland’s
plant, and as the fruit of M. achradifolia is unknown, I abstain from describing the
Kinabalu plant as a new species.
LABISIA POTHOINA, Lindley, in Bot. Reg. 31, t. 48.
From 3000 to 4000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malay Peninsula, from Singapore to Penang; from Sumatra to Borneo.
EMBELIA TORTUOSA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami divaricati, exsiccati plus
minusve irregulariter sulcati, cortice nigricante. Folia petiolo crasso 1-2 lin. longo
suffulta, oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, 11-13 poll. longa, $ poll. lata, basi rotundata,
apice obtusa, rarissime subacuta, crasse coriacea, exsiccata supra fusco-olivacea,
subtus. ferruginea, nervis lateralibus tenuissimis numerosis, sepe indistinctis, angulo
157-90 ortis. Paniculee terminales in ramulis foliatis 3-4 poll. longe, 24-3 poll. late,
robustiores, strictze, subebracteatze. Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Calyx ad vel ultra
medium 5-lobus, 13 lin. dimetiens; Jobi ovati, obtusi vel acutiusculi, minute
ciliolulati. Fructus globosus, vix 2 lin. dimetiens, styli basi persistente, apiculatus.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1113). -
A very well-marked species, allied to E. javanica, A. DO.
EMBELIA CORIACEA, A. DC. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 135.
From 7600 to 8800 feet (Haviland, 1152).
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 201
Distribution: Malay Peninsula as far north as Penang; Archipelago from Sumatra to
Borneo.
Beccari's specimens, nos. 767, 878, 1189, 3922, all from Sarawak, belong also to
this species.
EMBELIA PHAADENTA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami ramulique graciles, novelli dense
ferrugineo-hirtelli, demum plus minusve glabrati, cortice pallide badio. Folia
petiolo 2 lin. longo suffulta, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, $ -14 poll. longa, interdum
multo minora, basi rotunda vel breviter lateque acutata, apice obtuse acuminata,
rarius obtusa, sub apice pauci-crenata vel subintegra, firme membranacea, pallide
viridia, glanduloso-punctata, glandulis luce permissá rubiginosis, nervis lateralibus
primariis utrinque 5-8, secondariis interjectis cum venulis in reticulationem
gracillimam, densissimam, utrinque prominulam intertextis. ^ Racemuli axillares,
pauciflori, ssepe 1-2-flori, 2 lin. longi; bractese minute, ferrugineo-furfuracesm.
Pedicelli gracillimi, 1% lin. longi. Calyx fere ad basin 4-partitus, ł lin. dimetiens ;
segmenta ovata subacuta, glandulosa et furfuracea vel glabrata. Fructus ellipsoideo-
globosus, 13 lin. longus, pallide badius, sub vertice rubiginoso-glandulosus; stylus
filiformis, } lin. longus, diu persistens.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1203).
A very fine and distinct species, allied to E. Gardneriana, Wight, and E. Myrtillus,
Kurz. The glands are most conspicuous in transparent light.
EMBELIA MINUTIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami ramulique dense ferruginei.
Folia petiolo gracili 1 lin. longo vel breviore suffulta, obovata, 2 lin. longa, 1} lin.
lata, basi breviter cuneata, apice rotundata et minute crenulata, coriacea, glabra,
minute punctata, subenervia. Racemuli axillares, valde redacti, sspe uniflori;
rhachis ferruginea, brevissima, bracteata; bracteze congestee, minute. Pedicelli
graciles, 1 lin. longi. Calyx fere ad basin 4-partitus; segmenta ovata, sub apice
elanduloso-punctata, preetereaque minute glanduloso-ciliolata, 1 lin. longa. Corolla
ignota. Ovarium ovoideum, sparse glanduloso-pilosulum, in stylum 1}-plo longi-
orem abiens. Bacca globosa, paulo ultra 1 lin. dimetiens.
At 8500 feet (Haviland, 1117).
Closely allied to E. Myrtillus, Kurz, but differing in the smallness of all parts and
the shape of the leaves, probably also in the habit, for it seems to be of a stiffer and
spreading growth.
EMBELIA SPIRAOIDES, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami graciles, noveili badii,
demum cinerascentes, lenticellis albidis conspersi. Folia petiolo 3 lin. longo
suffulta, elliptica, vel ovato- vel obovato-elliptica, 3-14 poll. longa, 6-8 lin. lata,
basi acutata, apice obtusa vel rotundata, rarius subacuta, a medio ad apicem crenato-
dentata, coriacea, supra olivacea, subtus pallidiora, subglauca, et punctulis minutis
preetereaque glandulis majoribus luce transmissá vix rubiginosis notata, nervis latera-
libus utrinque 7-8, cum venis venulisque in reticulationem densam, gracillimam,
202 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
utrinque leviter prominentem intertextis. Racemi axillares 5-12-flori, rhachi 2-4
lin. longa; bractese minute. Pedicelli graciles, 2 lin. longi. Calyx fere ad basin
4-partitus; segmenta ovata, 3 lin. longa, glanduloso-punctata, haud ciliolata.
Corolla fere ad basin 4-partita ; segmenta obovato-oblonga, 1 lin. longa, glanduloso-
punctata, minutissime ciliolulata. Stamina corollam subsequantia. Ovarium sparse
elanduloso-papillosum, ovoideum, in. stylum paulo longiorem abiens. Bacca
globosa, apiculata, 23 lin. dimetiens, rubra, crebre glanduloso-punctata.
At 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1089).
This species belongs evidently to the same group as the two preceding species. It is
very distinct by its glabrousness. The prefloration varies. The more frequent case
is, one segment innermost, the other three overlapping to the left; then I found one
segment outside, the opposite one inside, the lateral ones overlapped by the former and
overlapping the latter. But in one case I observed a fifth smaller segment, and in this
case there were two segments outside, two inside, and the fifth inside, overlapped
perfectly by an outer and an inner segment. Upon these facts the prefloration hardly
affords a good character for subdividing the genus.
ARDISIA OOCARPA, Stapf, n. sp. Arbor humilis, glaberrima. Ramuli superne ancipites.
Folia petiolo crasso, alato, 3-1 lin. longo suffulta, lanceolata, 8—10 poll. longa, 2-23
poll. lata, basi in petiolum decurrentia, apice subacuminata, tenuiter coriacea, supra
nigro-fuscescentia, nitida, subtus rubro-brunnea opaca, elevatim punctata, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 25-30, anguló 50—60° ortis, supra leviter impressis, subtus
prominulis, indistincte venulosa. Panicula terminalis, laxa, interdum foliata, 5-7
poll. longa; rami inferiores racemose ramificati, superiores vel fere omnes simplices,
umbelligerij sursum curvati. . Pedicelli demum semipollicares. Calyx fere ad
basin 5-partitus; segmenta late ovata, acutiuscula, 13 lin.longa. Corolle segmenta
ovata, acuta, 2 lin. longa. Filamenta brevissima; antherz 14 lin. longs, acute.
Stylus 2 lin. longus. Bacca ovoidea vel ovoideo-globosa, apiculata, 81—4 lin. longa,
longitudinaliter striata, basi calyce arcte adpresso circumdata.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1317).
Very similar in habit to 4. paniculata, Roxb., and A. colorata, Roxb., but very distinct
by the large ovoid berries.
ARDISIA BRACHYTHYRSA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami robusti, novelli
exsiecando nigrescentes, demum cinerascentes. Folia subsessilia vel petiolo brevis-
simo crasso suffulta, oblonga vel elliptica, 3-5 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata, basi
breviter attenuata vel subrotundata, brevissime acuteque acuminata vel acuta,
margine subrecurvo, valde coriacea, supra lucidula, subtus minute nigro-punctata,
nervis lateralibus angulo 70-80” ortis, primariis utrinque 14-20, secundariis inter-
jectis, areuatim sub margine collectis, nervo marginali alio extero irregulariter
undulato vel areuatim fracto addito, grosse laxeque reticulata, nervis venisque
utrinque prominulis. Panicula terminalis brevis, pollicaris, cernua, ramis umbelli-
feris vel corymbuliferis, 3-5 lin. longis. Pedicelli circa 3 lin. longi, recti vel ssepius
L]
e e
ee
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. | 203
recurvi. Calyx ad vel ultra medium 5-lobus, 14 lin. dimetiens; lobi triangulares,
minute ciliolati. . Corolle segmenta ovata, aristato-acuminata, 2 lin. longa; alabas-
trum acutum. Filamenta brevissima ; anthere subsagittatee, apiculatee, 1 lin. longee.
Stylus 13 lin. longus. Bacca subdepresso-globosa, 21 lin. dimetiens.
At 3000 feet (?) (Haviland, 1386).
I have not been able to identify this plant with any species in our Herbarium; but as
we have no complete set of the Malayan species, as enumerated in Scheffer's * Commen-
tatio de Myrsinaceis, I at first hesitated to describe it as a new species. However, the
short, nodding, and truly terminal inflorescence, and the shortly petioled or almost
sessile leaves, seem to distinguish it from any species which otherwise might come into
consideration. Amongst these are Ardisia levigata, Blume, A. dingiensis, O. Kuntze,
and particularly 4. javanica, A. DC.
ARDISIA JAVANICA, A. DC., Prodr. vii. 130.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1144).
Distribution : Malaya, from Sumatra (Beccari, 400) to Borneo.
ARDISIA AMABILIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Ramuli graciles, subanfracti,
lineis 2 elevatis notati. Folia petiolo 1-13 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-lanceolata, 91-31
poll. longa, 13-15 lin. lata, basi subrotundata vel breviter acutata, apice acuminata,
subcoriacea, supra nigro-fuscescentia, opaca, elevatim punctata, subtus ferrugineo-
fusca, nigro-punctulata, costa utrinque prominente, nervis lateralibus 10-12 tenwissi-
mis, angulo 60? ortis, evenia. Panicula terminalis, gracilis, nutans, 3 poll. longa ;
rami racemose ramificati; ramuli infimi 1-2-flori ; superiores umbelligeri, corymbose
dispositi. Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi, graciles. Calyx fere ad basin 5-partitus 1 lin.
dimetiens ; segmenta ovata, acuta, minutissime ciliolata. Corolle segmenta ovata,
caudato-acuminata, 13 lin. longa, deflexa, rubro-glandulose-punctata; alabastrum
acutum. Stamina erecta; filamenta brevia; antherz sagittatz, apiculate, vix 1
lin. longee. Stylus antheras 3 superans.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1211).
Allied to 4. Gardneri, C. B. Clarke, and to 4. andamannica, Kurz, but distinct by the
very short petioles, the shape of the leaves, the very indistinct nervation, and the small
calyx.
ARDISIA VIRENS, Kurz, For. Fl. Burma, ii. 575.
Shady jungle at Kiau (Burbidge) ; Penokok River, alt. 3500 feet (Haviland, 1315).
Distribution: Khasia Hills and Assam to South-west China; Borneo.
The berries are scarlet, and measure 4 lin. in diameter. The pedicels are slender, 9-14
lin. long, whilst the peduncles measure 4-15 lin. in Dr. Haviland's, and 6-12 lin. in
Burbidge’s specimens. The inflorescence is truly terminal. The leaves are crenulate,
with glands between the crenz. This character, as well as the truly terminal inflores-
cence, disagrees with the description of A. virens, Kurz, as given in Hooker's ‘ Flora of Brit.
India, but the very specimens quoted by Mr. C. B. Clarke also possess crenee and truly
204 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
terminal inflorescences, though sometimes on short lateral and leafy branches. The
fruits of the Bornean specimens are larger than any of Ardisia virens Y have seen, but the
difference is evidently within the range of individual or racial variation. A. undulata,
Clarke, is partly at least identical with 4. virens. Partly it seems to merge into 4.
crenulata, Roxb., whilst on the other hand 4. macrocarpa, Wall., approaches also very
much to A. virens. Yet, as A. crenata is very uniform over a wide area, including
Malaya, Tropical China, and Japan, it seems to me better to retain it as a separate species,
though closely connected with A. virens, which may or may not be merged into 4. macro-
carpa, and which is found from the Khasia Hills over Manipur and Assam to South-
west China, and in a hardly distinguishable form in Borneo.
ARDISIA VILLOSA, Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. Carey & Wall. ii. 274, forma glabrata.
On the Kadamaian, alt. 4500 feet (Haviland, 1242).
Distribution: Malaya, on the mainland as far as Mergui.
ARDISIA OXYPHYLLA, Wallich, Cat. n. 2291; A. DC. Prodr. viii. 130.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1212).
Distribution: Malaya, on the mainland as far as Tenasserim, Java, Borneo (Ceram ?).
I doubt very much whether this species can be separated from a. polycephala, Wall,
which seems to be only a form with a stouter and richer inflorescence. In that case, the
area would include also Burma up to Bamu and the Shan States.
EBENACEZ.
Diospyros, sp. aff. D. auree, Hiern, Trans. Cambr. Philos. Soc. xii. pt. i. 206. g.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1322).
This is very probably a new species, differing from D. aurea by the longer flowers,
which are caudate in the bud on account of the very tightly twisted lobes. The tube is
3 in. long, and but little longer than the lobes, which are reflected in the open flower. 1
found in the single good flower which 1 examined 14 glabrous stamens, arranged in two
bundles of 3 and four bundles of 2 stamens each.
DIOSPYROS, Sp.
Small tree, on the Dahombang, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1314).
This species is in habit very like Diospyros pergamena, Hiern. The flowers spring,
according to Dr. Haviland, from near the base of the stem. But, as they are all deformed,
I must refrain from describing or naming the plant.
STYRACEZ.
SYMPLOCOS ADENOPHYLLA, Wallich, Cat. n. 4427; C. B. Clarke, in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. -
Ind. iii. 575. 3
Maripari, 5500 feet to 7000 feet (Haviland, 1187-1256).
Distribution : Malaya, on the mainland to Penang, Java, Banca, Borneo.
XE iteophylla, Miq., and S. bancana, Miq., are synonyms of S. adenophylla, Wall. The
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 205
species is represented in the Kew Herbarium from Borneo by the following specimens :—
Sarawak, Lobb; Beccari, 2115; and Lobong Peak, Lobb.
SYMPLOCOS LÆTEVIRIDIS, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex glaberrimus. Rami graciles, cortice
badio. Folia petiolo vix 1 lin. longo subtus canaliculato suffulta, oblonga, 2-3 poll.
longa, 1-13 poll. lata, basi plus minusve rotundata, longiuscule acuminata, basi
exceptå argute serrata, subpergamacea, leete viridia, nervis lateralibus utrinque
circa 8, sub margine arcuatim collectis, nervo marginali alio arcuatim fracto
addito, nervis venisque utrinque leviter prominulis. Flores subsessiles, in racemis
axillaribus, gracilibus, paucifloris, ¿-1 poll. longis. Fructus ellipsoideus, purpureus,
4 lin. longus, calycis lobis ovatis obtusis, submembranaceis, 1 lin. longis, coronatus.
Embryo subrectus.
At the Penokok, alt. 4000 feet (Haviland, 1320).
Very similar to S. ramosissima, Wall., from the Himalaya, but the leaves are very
shortly petioled and more serrate, and the fruits are crowned by rather large calyx-
teeth.
SYMPLOCOS DEFLEXA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami ramulique dense fulvo-hirsuti vel
hirtelli, demum glabrati, nigricantes. Folia petiolo 1 lin. longo, dense hirtello-
tomentello suffulta, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, 14-2 poll. longa, ¿-1 poll. lata, basi
rotundata, acute acuminata, margine revoluto serrulato, subcoriacea, supra, costa
pilosulá exceptá, glaberrima, exsiccata seepe olivaceo-fusca, subtus in nervis et in
margine necnon in parenchymate fulvo-hirsuta, nervis lateralibus utrinque 5-7, supra
tenuibus, subtus prominulis. Racemi pauciflori, in ramulis lateralibus terminales,
folio summo breviores; preeterea hinc inde flores solitarii ex axillis foliorum
horumce ramulorum additi; rhachis cum pedicellis brevissimis hirtella. Fructus
ovoideo-oblongus, 4 lin. longus, basi hirsutulus, ceeterum glabratus, calycis lobis
adpresse hirtellis vel glabratis, 1 lin. longis, coronatus. Embryo rectus.
At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1105).
SYMPLOCOS ZIZYPHOIDES, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami ramulique divaricati, leviter
anfracti, primo adpressissime griseo-flavido-hirsuti, demum glabrescentes, brunnei.
Folia petiolo 3-1 lin. longo, plerumque curvato, suffulta, ovato-oblonga, rarius ovato-
lanceolata, 1-12 poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, basi rotundata, acuminata, margine revo-
luto, serrulata, subcoriacea, supra exsiccando olivacea, glaberrima, subtus in nervis
et in margine, nee non in parenchymate, adpresse flavido-griseo-hirsuta, nervis late-
ralibus utrinque 5, subtus tantum distinctis, tenuibus, prominulis. Flores solitarii,
axillares, in ramulis lateralibus. Pedicelli adpresse hirtelli, 4-5 lin. longi, sub flore
9-9-bracteolati ; bracteolee minute. Calyx 1-1} lin. longus, adpresse hirtellus, ad
medium lobatus; lobi rotundato-ovati, ciliati. Corolla alba, 5 lin. dimetiens.
Fructus anguste ovoideo-oblongus, 5 lin. longus, calycis lobis exceptis glabratus.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1088).
The inflorescence is, to speak strictly, a one-flowered raceme, but the racemose cha-
racter is only slightly indicated by the minute bracteoles. The divaricate branches, which
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2E
206 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
are spread out in one plane and flexuose in zigzag, remind one of the habit of Zizyphus
Spina Christi, Z. Lotus, &c.
SympLocos JoHNIANA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex. Rami ramulique densissime subpatuleque
ferrugineo-hirsuti. Folia petiolo 1 lin. longo, hirsuto suffulta, ovata, 1-2 poll.
longa, 7—12 lin. lata, basi rotundata vel subcordata, fere caudato-acuminata, margine
plano vel basin versus recurvo, serrato-dentata, subcoriacea, flavido-viridia, supra,
costa hirsutulà exceptá, glaberrima, lucidula, subtus in nervis necnon in margine
(in foliis novellis densissime) hirsuta, nervis lateralibus utrinque 5-7, supra impressis,
subtus prominentibus, 1-13 lin. a margine eximie arcuatim collectis, supra evenia.
Flores solitarii, axillares, cernui ; pedicelli brevissimi, hirsuti, bibracteolati. Calyx
llin. longus, hirtellus; lobi rotundati. Corolla alba, 4 lin. dimetiens. Fructus
purpureus, ovoideo-oblongus, 4 lin. longus, calycis lobis exceptis plus minusve
glabratus.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1161).
These three latter species are nearly allied to each other, and at the same time also to
S. minor, Clarke, from Ceylon, which they represent in Borneo. They all differ from
S. minor by the acuminate leaves, and S. Johniana also by the almost sessile solitary
flowers. S. deflexa approaches S. minor indeed very closely, and there is hardly any
difference apart from the shape of the apex of the leaves. S. zizyphoides deviates more
in the habit as well as in the complete reduction of the racemes to solitary flowers.
SYMPLOCOS BUXIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex, 8 ped. altus, glaberrimus. Rami ramu-
lique robusti, densissime foliati, nigricantes. Folia petiolo 1-13 lin. longo suffulta,
obovato-elliptica, 6-7 lin. longa, 4-5 lin. lata, basi breviter attenuata, apice obtusa,
seepe rotundata, a medio denticulata, margine preesertim basin versus recurvo,
coriacea, supra lucidula, olivaceo-fusca, cost’ impressá, subtus flavido-viridia, nervis
lateralibus utrinque circiter 3 tenuibus prominulis. Flores solitarii in axillis
foliorum summorum. Pedicelli (racemi rhachis reducti) ad 4 poll. longi, superne
pauci- vel pluribracteati ; bracteze subfoliaceze, obovate, vel summe 3 florem sub-
tendentes, plerumque lineari-oblong:e, 2-13 lin. longze, subpersistentes. Calyx fere
2 lin. longus; lobi rotundato-ovati minutissime ciliolati. Corolla 6 lin. dimetiens.
Fructus lineari-oblongus, 6 lin. longus, calycis lobis coronatus.
Highest parts of Kinabalu, alt. 13,000 feet (Low).
A very remarkable species, allied to S. bractealis, Thw., from Ceylon, from which it
differs by the smaller, very crowded leaves, and the reduced inflorescence.
APOCYNACE,
_ Levcoyorts anceps (?), Jack, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv. 121, t. 4. fig. 2 (an ejus
. varietas ?).
ww v = o In young jungle on the Ula Tawaran, alt. 2000 feet ( Haviland, 1365).
= Distribution: Sumatra, Borneo.
d x In the Sumatran specimens of L. anceps the calyx-lobes are a little longer, the bracts
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 207
are also longer and more acute, and the inflorescence is more puberulous and richer.
But these differences do not appear to me sufficient to justify the specific separation of
Dr. Haviland’s plant, of which I saw only one branch.
WILLUGHBEIA FIRMA, Blume, Mus. Bot. i. 154.—Syn. W. Burbidgei, Dyer, in Kew
Report, 1880, pp. 44-46.
. Near Koung and Kiau (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya, from Borneo to Sumatra, and in the Peninsula as far as Perak.
Burbidge's specimens in the Herbarium are marked * Lawas River," but there is a
sketch and a note in his journal which make it pretty certain that the same species is
also found at the base of Kinabalu. He states that it is a large climber, with
golden yellow fruits and rather common, and that the Gutta hunters seem to obtain
plenty of produce, as in most of the houses he was shown bundles of balls, some old and
dry, having been kept two to three years, which the natives know very well improves them.
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. fil. Gen. Pl. ii. 697.
———, var. GRACILIS, Stapf, n. var. Cyme 4-5-flore, graciliores, laxiores. Calycis lobi
anguste lineares, elongati, 13 lin. longi.
_ At the Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1946).
Distribution: Tropical Himalaya to Tenasserim ; Ceylon to Travancore ; Java.
Exactly of the habit of R. serpentina ; but the inflorescence and the shape of the calyx-
lobes, which I find very uniform in the Indian and Javanese specimens, differ slightly.
ALYXIA LUCIDA, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Wall. & Carey, ii. 540.
, Var. MEIANTHA, Stapf, n. var. Corolle tubus 4i lin. longus, i. e. fere duplo
longior quam in Wallichii exemplis.
At 7500 feet (Haviland, 1185).
Distribution (of species): Malaya, on the mainland to Perak, Sumatra, Java, Borneo.
A. quinata, Miq., from Sumatra, is identical with 4. lucida, Wall.
ALYXIA, Sp.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1184).
The material is too imperfect for determination. Dr. Haviland says it is a straggling
shrub with white flowers.
PARAMERIA GLANDULIFERA, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. fil. Gen. Plant. ii. 715.
, Var. PHILIPPINENSIS, Stapf.—(Syn. P. philippinensis, Radlk. in Sitz. Ber. Bayr.
Ak. Wiss. xiv. 518.)
At Kiau, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1359).
Distribution (of species): Malaya, on the mainland to Martaban and South Cambodja,
Andamans to the Philippines.
The differential characters as indicated by Radlkofer do not hold good when tried on
a larger material Hairy pits occur also on the leaves of the type specimen, the inflores-
2E2
208 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
cence is occasionally lax in the Indian plant, and calyx and corolla vary within the
extremes which are said to be characteristic of the two species. But there is a differ-
entiation in Parameria glandulifera (sensu ampliore): the Philippine and the Kinabalu
plants are very minutely hairy in the young branches and inflorescences, just as in Radl-
kofer’s description, and they have smaller calyces than Wallich’s specimens. Yet a
Bornean specimen, collected by Motley near Banjermassin, shows the same tomentum,
though in a less degree, whilst it is otherwise indistinguishable from the typical form ;
on the other hand, a Javan specimen with glabrous panicles and branches has
calyces hardly larger than those of Radlkofer’s P. philippinensis. Thus I think it more
expedient to enumerate the eastern form as a geographical variety of P. glandulifera.
ASCLEPIADACE.E.
Hoya CORONARIA, Blume, Bijdr. 1063.
Near Koung and Kiau (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Borneo, Banjermassin (Motley, 871).
LOGANACEA.
BUDDLEIA ASIATICA, Lour., Fl. Cochinch. p. 72.
Kadamaian River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1352).
Distribution: Throughout India, Indo-China and Malaya, as far as Timor and the
Philippines.
GENTIANACEA.
GENTIANA LYCOPODIOIDES, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Chondrophyllum.) Perennis (?). Caules
graciles, abbreviati et parce ramificati vel elongati et subsimplices, e basi prostratá
ascendentes, nigricantes, ad 4 poll. longi. Folia internodiis duplo et ultra longiora
ideoque densa et interdum densissime imbricata vel internodia «equantia et magis
dissita, sessilia, ovata, acutissima, seepe aristulata, crassiuscula, squarrosa, subplicata,
apice recurva, marginibus anguste chartaceis, dorso plus minusve carinata, 1-12 lin.
longa. Flores solitarii, in ramorum apicibus. Calyx campanulatus, 2-23 lin. longus,
lobis tubo zequilongis, e basi ovata triangulari-lanceolatis acutissimis. Corolla cam-
panulata, ad 4 lin. longa, albida, extus vittis latis olivaceis ornata, lobis brevissimis
apiculatis, plicis apice latis, rotundatis, minute crenulatis. Filamenta infra medium
dilatata. Ovarium late oblongum, 11-12 lin. longum, breviter lateque stipitatum,
angustissime marginatum, stigmatibus subsessilibus. Capsula ira ellip-
soidea, inclusa, 24 lin. longa.
In boggy, sheltered, but sunny places, at 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1060).
G. lycopodioides belongs, like G. borneensis, Hook. fil., to the multifarious group of
G. quadrifaria, Bl., which is still very little understood. It is chiefly characterized
_ by the ¿cación large and bell-shaped flowers and the peculiar habit. The leaves
. —even those at the base of the stems—are very small and rigid. The stalk of the capsule
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 209
is very short. It approaches most to Gentiana Ettingshausenii, F. v. Muell., from the
Owen Stanley Range in New Guinea.
GENTIANA BORNEENSIS, Hook. fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1440 B.
Temburungo, alt. 7500 feet (Haviland, 1160; Low).
From the more complete material now in my hands, this species is doubtless
specifically distinct from G. guadrifaria, Blume, though allied to it.
SOLANACE i.
SOLANUM BIFLORUM, Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 129, not of Don.
On Kinitaki River, alt. 4000 feet (Low); alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1234).
Distribution : Throughout Tropical Asia.
It seems to me very probable that S. subtruncatum, Wall, S. bigeminatum, Nees,
S. leve, Dunal, S. denticulatum, Blume, S. macrodon, Wall., S. crassipetalum, Wall., and
probably also S. bimense, Miq., and S. nematosepalum, Miq., are only forms of one very
variable species which was first described by Loureiro, under the name of $. biflorum.
The supposed differential characters which are derived from the shape of the leaves, the
indumentum, the presence or absence and the length of the calyx-teeth are in reality very
inconstant, and they hardly allow the distinction of geographical subspecies or varieties.
The Kinabalu plant is very similar to the form described as S. leve by Dunal, but the
linear calyx-teeth rise from below the calyx-limb. They agree also in ali characters with
S. Blumet, Nees, but for the presence of calyx-teeth. From typical S. denticulatum they
differ chiefly in the glabrous leaves, and from S. biflorum, Lour., as it is usually represented
by the Chinese specimens, in the glabrous or almost glabrous calyx and shorter, less acute
teeth. Some of the Khasia specimens, named 5. crassipetalum, Wall., and S. macrodon,
Wall., agree almost exactly, or they differ solely in the length of the teeth or the presence
of a more copious tomentum.
BORAGINACE.E.
HAVILANDIA, Stapf, n. gen.
Calyx profunde 5-fidus, segmentis oblongo-linearibus, post anthesin accrescentibus, .
tenuiter membranaceis, venulosis. Corolla hypocrateriformis, tubo brevi, cylindraceo,
recto, fauce gibbis 5 papillosis instructa; lobi 5, ¿mbricati, obtusi, patentes. Stamina 5,
tubo affixa, inclusa, filamentis brevissimis; anther ovato-oblonge, obtuse. Ovarii
lobi 4, distincti, gynobasi planee impositi ; stylus filiformis, brevis, stigmate depresso-
capitato. Nucule 4 vel abortu pauciores, erecte, oblique ovoidew, subtriquetre,
ventro acute carinate, angulis lateralibus obtusis, basi sepe breviter stipitate, levis-
simze, atrze, pericarpio tenuiter crustaceo, cum areolà basilari minutá gynobasi affixe.
Semina oblique ovoidea ; cotyledones plane. Herba multicaulis prostrata vel repens,
strigillosa. Folia alterna. Flores albi, ad axillas solitarii.
HAVILANDIA BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XVI. a. 1-9.) Caules longe prostrati
- vel repentes, interdum radicantes, parte inferiore ob folia emarcida longiuscule
210 DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
denudati, superne parce divaricatim ramosi, distiche foliati, adpresse cinereo-strigil-
losi. Folia sessilia, semiamplexicaulia, ob basin cauli arcte adpressam breviter
semivaginantia, spathulato-cuneata, leviter emarginata, 7-10 lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata,
in margine superne adpresse, basin versus patule ciliata, supra sub apice adpresse
strigillosa, subtus, costa exceptá, glabra, uninervia. Flores pedicello 1-2 lin. longo,
gracili, adpresse strigilloso suffulti. Calycis tubus brevis, demum 1 lin. longus ;
lobi demum 2 lin. longi, setuloso-ciliati, cirea nuculas maturas plus minusve patentes.
Corolle tubus $ lin. longus; lobi tubo equilongi, rotundati, basi constricti.
Anthers 4 lin. longe. Stylus $ lin. longus. Nucule vix 1 lin. longe.
At 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1059); at 11,000 feet, in a small marsh (Low).
Havilandia comes nearest to Myosotis, particularly to those extreme forms which were
described as M. antarctica by Sir Joseph Hooker, and M. spathulata, Forst. M. spathu-
lata is found in New Zealand, M. antarctica in New Zealand, Campbell Island, and in
Magellan Strait. In both species the flowers are solitary in the axils of normal leaves,
but sometimes the upper leaves are more or less reduced, thus forming an approach to
the leafless inflorescence of most species of Myosotis. In Havilandia the upper leaves do
not, as a rule, bear flowers; but they do so occasionally, and, so far, there would hardly be
sufficient reason to separate the Bornean plant generically from Myosotis. The two
New-Zealand species above mentioned, however, have exactly the same nutlets as the
typical Myosotis of the Northern Hemisphere, This is not so in Havilandia. Here
they are triquetrous, with an acutely carinate ventral edge, and very blunt lateral edges.
This is the main character on which the new genus is founded. The prefloration of the
corolla of Myosotis is stated to be always contorted. If this were really the case, another
differential character might be found in the fact that it is distinctly imbricate in Havi-
landia. But I would not lay too much stress upon that. First, the way in which the lobes
overlap each other is not constant in Havilandia, and then M. spathulata and M. antarctica
at least are exceptions from the type of estivation in Myosotis. The usual form in Havi-
landia seems to be exactly the same which is figured by Eichler in the diagram for
Echium vulgare (* Blithendiagramme,’ 197). But I find also that sometimes the lobes
which correspond to the lateral lobes of the lower lip of Hehiwm are overlapped on both
sides, in consequence of which the lobe between the calyx-segments 2 and 4 is free
on both sides. The flowers of Echium are slightly zygomorph. A very slight irregularity
may be found sometimes also in Havilandia, but normally the corolla is regular. In
M. spathulata I found in the few buds I examined the same estivation as in Echium,
whilst in M. antarctica the other form, described above for Havilandia, seems to be more
common.
The new genus approaches, on the other hand, Trigonotis, which also has imbricate
prefloration, but very characteristic nutlets of a different shape.
SCROPHULARINEJE.
.— EUPHRASIA BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XVI. B. 10-16.) Herba perennis, a basi
o. interdum lignescente multiramosa, 3-10 poll. alta, glabra, vel superne minutissime
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 211
puberula, exsiccando nigricans. Folia obovato- vel oblongo- vel ovato-cuneata, circa 2
lin. longa, in petiolum brevissimum attenuata, subobtusa, utrinque obtuse 2-4-crenata,
margine revoluto. Flores solitarii in axillis foliorum secundum totam fere longitu-
dinem ramulorum hornotinorum ; pedicelli graciles, vix 2 lin. longi. Calyx 2-21 lin.
longus, ad medium 4-fidus; lobi lineares, obtusissimi, in marginibus et preecipue
apice incrassati. Corolla alba, flavo-maculata; tubus vix exsertus; labium inferum
23-31 lin. longum, laciniis cuneatis truncatis retusis, lateralibus intermedio paulo
brevioribus; labium superum subgaleatum, subzequilongum, ad 4 bilobum, lobis
obtusissimis rubro-striatis. Anthere coherentes, subglabre, basi bilob:e, lobis mar-
gine pilosulis, mucronatis. Stylus pilosulus. Capsula calyce paulo brevior, obovoidea,
obtusissima, apice pilosula vel glabra.
From 8000 to 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1061).
Nearly allied to Euphrasia collina, R. Br., from Australia, but distinct chiefly by the
solitary axillary flowers and the short obovate capsule. The New-Zealand species are
also allied.
BROOKEA ALBICANS, Stapf, n. sp. Rami novelli dense brevissimeque lanato-tomentosi,
demum glabrati, teretes. Folia petiolo 1-2 poll. longo suffulta, ovata, 3-8 poll.
longa, 11-31 poll. lata, basi acuminata, in petiolum decurrentia, acuminata, serrulata,
supra primo farinosa, mox glabrata, nigricantia, subtus ¿ncano-tomentosa, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 10-13, cum venis laxe reticulantibus supra impressis, infra
prominentibus. Racemi axillares et terminales, proventu ad 4 poll. longi, cano-
tomentosi, rhachi crassiusculá; bracteze lanceolate, 3—4 lin. longee; pedicelli 2
lin. longi. Calyx sub anthesi tubulosus, vix 6 lin. longus, brevissime et densissime
incano-tomentosus, ore obliquo, dentibus 4-5 breviter ovatis ; fructifer paulo longior,
valde ampliatus, subglobosus, deorsum rumpens. Corolla alba, in fauce flavida ; tubus
cylindricus, 6—7 lin. longus, leviter incurvus, extus tomentosus ; limbi lobi rotundati,
denticulati, 21-3 lin. dimetientes. Capsula globosa, 3 lin. dimetiens, stylo coronata.
In young jungle at the Penokok, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1344).
B. incana differs from B. dasyantha, Benth., and B. tomentosa, Benth., by the very
sbort whitish tomentum and by the smaller flowers and globose capsules.
LENTIBULARINEA.
UTRICULARIA ORBICULATA, Wall. Cat. n. 1500; A. DC. Prodr. viii. 18.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet; Temburungo, alt. 7500 feet (Haviland, 1327, 1328)
Distribution : Tropical Asia.
The specimens under no. 1328 correspond with Wallich’s type; those of no. 1327
have larger flowers, with a much longer spur. But, different as they may appear at
first sight, they both come within the range of variation which is exhibited, for instance,
by the very instructive set of specimens collected by Hooker and Thomson in the Khasia
Hills.
212 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
GESNERACE.
JESCHYNANTHUS MAGNIFICA, Stapf, n. sp. Suffrutex glaberrimus. Rami internodiis
elongatis 3-pollicaribus, crassiusculi. Folia petiolo 4-6 lin. longo suffulta, elliptico-
oblonga, 4 poll. longa, 14 poll. lata, basi subrotundata, acuminata, coriacea, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 6 valde indistinctis. Pedunculi axillares, brevissimi, minute
bracteati, uniflori. Pedicellus 3-5 lin. longus. Calyx obconico-tubulosus, li poll.
longus, apice 8 lin. latus, 5-dentatus, dentibus 3 lin. longis, obovato-oblongis,
obtusiusculis. Corolla coccinea, longe exserta, 21-3 poll. longa, tubus ventricosus et
supra medium leviter curvatus; lobi rotundati, superiores vix 4 lin., inferiores 6 lin.
longi, glanduloso-ciliati. Antherze 2 lin. longe.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1255).
Allied to Æ. Lamponga, Miq., and to ZZ. pulchra, G. Don, but very distinct by the
glabrousness of all parts except the margins of the corolla-lobes, the larger size of the
leaves and flowers, the long obconical calyx, the longer calyx-teeth, and the shape of the
corolla.
JESCHYNANTHUS TRICOLOR, Hook. fil. Bot. Mag. t. 5031.
On rocks over streams, alt. 3000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: According to a note in Mr. Burbidge's diary, it is common everywhere
near rivers in North Borneo, either epiphytic on trees or trailing over rocks.
DICHROTRICHUM AsPERIFOLIUM, Benth. et Hook. fil., Gen. Plant. ii. 1014; C. B. Clarke
in DC. Monogr. v. pars i. 53.
8000-10,500 feet (Low; Haviland, 1076).
Distribution: Malaya, from Java to Amboina.
DICHROTRICHUM BRACTEATUM, Stapf, n. sp. Caulis repens, crassiusculus, radicans, ex-
siccatus irregulariter sulcatus, apicem versus dense fulvo-tomentosus, infra plus
minusve glabratus, cortice pallido papyraceo demum soluto. Folia valde insequalia,
altera linearia, 3 lin. longa, tomentosa, mox decidua—ideoque caulis specie alterni-
folius—altera petiolo dense brevissimeque tomentoso, 3-34 poll. longo suffulta, e
basi leviter cordata, late ovata, acuta, 3-31 poll. longa, 24 poll. lata, indistincte
denticulata, crassa, utrinque fulvo-papilloso-tomentosa, nervis lateralibus utrinque
circa 7. Cyme dichotom:e, congestee, in axillis sessiles vel subsessiles, multifloree ;
bractee infime oblonge vel oblongo-lanceolate, 1-14 poll. longe, cum sequentibus
(interioribus) cito decrescentibus flores involucrantes, omnes fulvo-tomentose ; pedi-
celli 3-4 lin. longi, tomentosi. Calyx fere ad basin 5-partitus; segmenta 4 lin. longa,
lineari-oblonga, tomentella. Corolla coccinea (?), 8-9 lin. longa, extus papillosa,
villosula ; tubus vix exsertus, superne leviter curvatus,latus; lobus infimus deflexus,
3 lin. longus, ceeteri porrecti, summi 12 lin. longi, omnes obtusissimi. Stamina
.. longe exserta; antber: i lin. long:e.
-Maripari, alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1289).
Allied to D. asperifolium, Benth. et Hook. fil, but very distinct by the softer
indumentum, larger leaves, and the large tomentose bracts.
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DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 213
DIDYMOCARPUS AREOLATUS, Stapf, n. sp. Caulis robustus, dense breviterque ferrugineo-
tomentosus. Folia opposita, «equalia, petiolo 13 poll. longo breviter tomentoso
suffulta, oblongo-elliptica, 8 poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, basi in petiolum breviter
decurrentia, apice acuta, argute denticulata, supra nigricantia, in cost’ nervisque
adpresse ferrugineo-hirtella, cæterum demum glabrata, tuberculis areolis polygonis
graciliter circumscriptis crebre obsita, subtus breviter ferrugineo-tomentella, nervis
lateralibus utrinque 16-17, graciliter, hine inde quidem distincte reticulata. Cymze
in axillis sessiles ad fasciculos redactz, dense ferrugineo-tomentose ; bractew
lineares vel filiformes, 1 lin. longe ; pedicelli 3—4 lin. longi. Calyx ad basin
5-partitus; segmenta fere filiformia, sepe flexuosa, 4-5 lin. longa, tomentosa.
Corolla alba; tubus basi angustus, deinde valde ampliatus, 10-12 lin. longus, extus
fere glaber; labium superum 4 lin., inferum 6 lin. longum, hocce flavo-maculatum,
lobis late rotundatis. Stamina fertilia filamentis applanatis genieulatis, antheris
1 lin. longis, dorso glanduloso-pilosulis; sterilia lateralia circa 4 lin. longa, inter-
medium duplo brevius. Ovarium basi disco majusculo circumdatum, anguste
lineare, in stylum minute glandulose pilosulum abiens, cum eo 8-10 lin. longum;
stigma bilobum.
From 5000 to 7000 feet (Haviland, 1948).
The leaves are very remarkable for their regular and graceful reticulation, which is
finely impressed above, enclosing numerous hexagonal or pentagonal areoles with a
tubercle in the centre. Underneath it is often inconspicuous on account of the tomentose
covering, but it is generally very distinct in transparent light. The tubercle is the
widened base of a hair, the upper and thinner part of which shrinks very soon and comes
off. The corolla is in size and shape not unlike that of Chirita acuminata, R. Br., in
which direction probably the affinity of the Kinabalu plant lies, though the calyx is
divided to the very base and the segments are very narrow.
CYRTANDRA CLARKEI, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XVI. c. figs. 17-19.) Caulis e basi repente
radicante ascendens, densissime fulvo-sericeo-velutinus, inferne plus minusve gla-
bratus, internodiis 14 poll. longis. Folia opposita, sequalia, petiolo 6-8 lin. longo
velutino suffulta, lanceolato-oblonga, 17-2} poll. longa, 8-11 lin. lata, utrinque acuta,
basi in petiolum plus minusve decurrentia, crenato-denticulata, crassa, supra primo
densissime flavido-sericeo-villosa, demum glabrata, nigricantia, subtus in nervis indu-
mento simili sed adpressissimo vestita, ceeterum pilis adpressis sericeis, demum plus
minusve evanidis obsita, nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-7. Flores solitarii, axillares ;
. pedicelli ad 6 lin. longi, sericeo-villosi; bractee bine, oblonga, ad vel ultra medium
connate, 7-11 lin. longe, indumento foliorum consimili vesiite, calycis basin inclu-
dentes. Calyx obconicus, pollicaris, postice plus minusve fissus, regulariter vel
irregulariter 5-dentatus, dentibus brevibus triangularibus vel elongatis apice recurvis,
sericeus. Corollee tubus superne oblique ampliatus, 1 poll. longus, extus sericeus,
intus albo-maculatus ; lobi coccinei, patentes ; labium superum 7 lin. longum, inferum
5 lin. longum, lobo intermedio basi cordato, rotundato, lateralibus oblique ovatis.
Stamina 2; filamenta glabra; anthers ovate, 1 lin. longs, apiculate. Ovarium
glabrum ; stylus minute pilosulus; stigma dilatatum, medio sulcatum.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2 F
214 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
In damp, shady, and steep places, alt. 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1131).
Allied to Cyrtandra rhynchanthera, C. B. Clarke, and to C. fenestrata, C. B. Clarke,
both from Sumatra. It is a species very well marked by the large bracts, which enclose
the flower like another calyx.
CYRTANDRA BURBIDGEI, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. v. pars i. p. 262.
At Kiau, Burbidge ; at 5000 feet ( Haviland, 1223).
Dr. Haviland states that the bracts are white. In his specimen, which is more fully
developed, the petioles are 5 inches long, and the lamina almost 1 foot by 43 inches.
CYRTANDRA TRISEPALA, C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. v. pars i. p. 253.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet; alt. 6000 feet (Haviland, 1245, 1292).
Distribution : North Borneo.
The leaves are very variable in size and shape, almost equal or very asymmetric at the
base, and the smaller ones have their tips spreading or reflexed in most of Dr. Haviland's
specimens.
ACANTHACEA.
THUNBERGIA FRAGRANS, Roxbuxgh, Cor. Pl. i. 67.
Kadamaian, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1360).
Distribution : Tropical Asia and Australia.
STROBILANTHES KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n.sp. Caulis herbaceus, tetragonus, fulvo-pubes-
cens vel tomentellus. Folia opposita, insequalia, majora petiolo 3-1 poll. longo
fulvo-tomentello suffulta, ovata, 3-44 poll. longa, 13-21 poll. lata, basi acuta, in-
eequalia, apice acuminata, insequaliter erenato-dentata vel repanda, supra fuscescentia,
adpresse sparsim hirtella, subtus tenuiter fulvo-tomentelia, nervis lateralibus utrinque
6-8, distincte transverse venulosa ; minora 13-1% poll. longa, petiolo breviore,
ezterum consimilia. Inflorescentiz capitate, ovate, pauciflore, multibracteate,
fulvo-tomentelle, longe vel breviter pedunculate vel sessiles, in dichasiis perfectis vel
redactis, vel gemmis accessoriis auctis disposite ; dichasia solitaria vel 2-3 fasciculata,
sepe longe pedunculata (ad 23 poll.), ex axillis superioribus vel pseudo-terminalia,
interdum in panieulas foliatas collecta. Bractez capitulorum exteriores ovato-
lanceolate, obtuse, ad 8 lin. longe, interiores cito decrescentes, diu persistentes.
Calycis segmenta lanceolata, 4-5 lin. longa, pubescentia, ciliata. Corolla 10-12 lin.
longa ; tubus inferne tenuis, constrictus, superne subabrupte campanulatim ampliatus,
subobliquus, extus sparsim pilosulus; lobi breves, subzequales, late ovati. Filamenta
. basi pilosula ; antherz 1 lin. longe. Stylus glaber; stigma arcuatum, unilaterale.
Capsula $ poll.longa; semina 4, elliptico-orbicularia, applanata, undique pilis tenuis-
simis, undulatis, inelasticis densissime vestita, 1 lin. longa.
Kadamaian River, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1362).
Allied to S. paniculata, Miq., from Java, but distinct by much larger bracts and a
richer indumentum.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 215
STROBILANTHES GALEOPSIS, Stapf, n. sp .Caulis herbaceus, superne subtetragonus, inferne
teres, tenuiter fulvo-tomentellus vel demum plus minusve glabratus. Folia opposita,
æqualia, petiolo tenuissime tomentello et preeterea patule setoso, 1-14 poll. longo,
suffulta, ovata, 21-31 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel brevissime
contracta et in petiolum decurrentia, caudato-acuminata, dentato-crenata, ciliata,
supra fuscescentia, adpresse setulosa et preeterea minute adpresseque hirtella, subtus
hirtella et in nervis setulosa, nervis lateralibus utrinque 7-8, venis transversis satis
conspicuis. Spica terminalis, sessilis, 3-1 poll. longa; bractez lanceolato-oblonge,
apice sepe patule, utrinque setosæ, diu persistentes; bracteol:w lineares, calyce paulo
breviores. Calycis segmenta sub:equalia, lanceolato-linearia, hirsuta et setulosa.
Corolla swbpollicaris ; tubus ad medium angustus, deinde sensim ampliatus et
leviter curvatus, extus parce pilosulus; lobi breves rotundati. Filamenta longiora,
pilosula; anthers 14 lin. longee. Stylus pilosulus. Capsula 4-5 lin. longa; semina
4, ovato-orbicularia, fere 13 lin. longa, fusca, pilis rufis, adpressis, strictis, vix elasticis
vestita.
From 5000 to 7000 feet (Haviland, 1159).
Allied to S. aspera, Decaisne, from Timor, but distinct by the long-petioled, broadly
ovate leaves, and longer corollas. The general habit is very much that of broad-leaved
forms of Galeopsis Tetrahit or G. versicolor.
VERBENACES.
GEUNSIA FARINOSA, Blume, Bijdr. 819.
In young jungle at the Penokok, alt. 2800 feet (Haviland, 1343).
Distribution : Throughout Malaya, from Singapore and Sumatra to the Philippines and
the Moluccas.
PREMNA CAULIFLORA, Stapf, n. sp. Arbor humilis, inflorescentiis exceptis glaberrima,
undique glandulose punctata. Rami tetragoni, pallidi, inter folia linea transversali
notati. Folia simplicia, petiolo } poll. longo suffulta, late obverse lanceolata,
acuminata, callose crenato-denticulata, firma, pallida, nervis lateralibus utrinque
10-12 prominulis, distincte transverse venosa, subtus tenuiter reticulata. Cym:e in
ramis annotinis vel vetustioribus sessiles, e nodis crassiusculis multiflore vel pauci-
flore, 13 poll. longe, pube minutá stellata dense adpresseque vestite ; pedicelli
demum ad 6 lin. longi, graciles. Calyx cupulari-campanulatus, 1-1j lin. longus,
subtruncatus, denticulis callosis 4, basin versus parce stellato-puberulus. Corolla
alba (ex alabastro tantum nota); tubus calycem fere duplo superans; lobi 4, extus
glanduloso-leprosi, late ovati, uno extimo, intimo opposito cxteris paulo minore.
Stamina 4, in alabastro subzequalia; filamenta glabra; antherz lineares, basi
bilobæ. Ovarium glandulis aureis depressis dense vestitum ; stylus antheras paulo
superans, stigma breviter bilobum ; loculum unum ; placentze bine, bifidze, parietales,
deinde subcontiguee; ovula 4, lateraliter affixa. Drupa ovoideo-globosa, interdum
obtuse tetragona, 2 lin. longa, 4-pyrena, cavitate centrali majuscula.
2F 2
216 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
At the Penokok, from 3000 to 3200 feet (Haviland, 1301, 1305).
A very well-marked species, the affinity of which I am not able to point out. The
floral structure is exactly that of a typical 4-merous Premna, but the corolla is perfectly
glabrous inside. The inflorescence is said to be terminal in Premna, but the fact is that
it often terminates short branches which come from the axils of leaves and which bear
only a few leaves or none at all. In this case the inflorescence might be called just as
well axillary. When these axillary leafless or almost leafless inflorescences appear, the
supporting leaves are either still persistent or they have already fallen off. Both cases
may be seen on the same specimen. This kind of development has reached its extreme
in P. cauliflora. The flower-bearing branches are leafless and reduced to a swelling or a
knot on the stem, from which the sessile cyme springs.
CLERODENDRON KINABALUENSE, Stapf, n. sp. Rami novelli dense patule hirtelli, demum
glabrescentes, cortice pallido. Folia opposita, «equalia, petiolo tenuiter puberulo,
interdum supra basin et sub apice constricto, 1-13 poll. longo suffulta, obverse lanceo-
lata vel lanceolato-oblonga, 6-10 poll. longa, 2-23 poli. lata, acuminata, repando
serrulata, supra primo setulis minutis, mox—basi incrassatá exceptá—deciduis con-
spersa, subtus in nervis fusco-pubera, nervis lateralibus utrinque 11-13. Panicula
terminalis ad 8 poll. longa, 4-5 poll. lata, erecta, patule pubescens: rami bracteis
lanceolatis usque filiformibus sustenti, cymas 5-2-floras laxas gerentes; pedicelli 4-7
lin. longi. Calyx 5-partitus; segmenta lanceolata sub anthesi 4-5 lin. longa, longe
acuta, pubescentia, demum excrescentia. Corolle tubus tenuis, 6-8 lin. longus,
pilosulus; lobi subzequilongi, subspathulati, apiculati. Stamina stylusque ¿ poll.
exserta.
At the Penokok, alt. 3200 feet ( Haviland, 1307).
Allied to C. disparifolium, Blume, C. Griffithianum, C. B. Clarke, and C. calamitosum,
but distinct by the long leaves ; from the first also by the much larger calyx, and from
the second by the shorter corolla-tube. C. obtusidens, Miq., of which I do not know the
type, has the calyx only half as long, aecording to the description. "There are in the
Herbarium several closely-allied species from North Borneo, but all undescribed.
LABIAT.E.
PHLOMIS RUGOSA, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. 63.
. From 3000 to 5000 feet (Haviland, 1228).
Distribution: From Sikkim and the Khasia Hills to the Mishmi Hills and North
Burma; Malaya, from the Peninsula to the Philippines.
POLYGONACE.
POLYGONUM CHINENSE, Linné, Sp. Pl. i. 520; Meissn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. i. 130
In young jungle on the Tampassuk River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1350).
Distribution: Tropical Asia; China; Japan.
MI a
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 217
NEPENTHACEZ.
NEPENTHES Lowi, Hook. fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. 420, t. 71.
From 6000 to 8000 feet (Low); epiphytie on Dacrydium, Rhododendron, and other
scrubby, moss-draped trees, down to 5000 feet (Burbidge).
NEPENTHES VILLOSA, Hooker fil. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 888.
From 7000 to 9000 feet (Low); with N. Rajah in yellow loam and rough sandstone
grit (Burbidge).
NEPENTHES EDWARDSIANA, Low, ex Hook. fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. 420.
From 8000 to 9000 feet (Zow); epiphytic on low mossy shrubs and trees at 6000 feet
(Burbidge).
NEPENTHES RAJAH, Hook. fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. 421, t. 72.
At 5000 feet (Low); on open patches among sedges and other herbaceous plants, in
yellow loam or in gritty soil, from 5000 to 9000 feet (Burbidge).
NEPENTHES PHYLLAMPHORA, Willd. Spec. Pl. iv. pt. ii. 874.—Syn. N. Burbidgei, Hooker
fil. ex Burbidge in Gard. Chron. xvii. (1882), 56.
At 3500 feet (Low, Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya, from Mt. Ophir and Sumatra to the Louisiades and to South.
China.
NEPENTHES TENTACULATA, Hooker fil. in DC. Prodr. xvii. 101.
From 6000 to 8000 feet (Burbidge) ;_? at 9000 feet (Low).
Distribution : North Borneo.
PIPERACEA.
PEPEROMIA CANDIDA, Miq. Syst. Pip. 105.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1220).
Distribution : Malaya, from Sumatra to Borneo.
CHLORANTHACE.E.
CHLORANTHUS BRACHYSTACHYUS, Blume, Fl. Jav. viii. 19, 14, t. 2.
At 6000 feet ? (Haviland, 1205 ?).
I have some doubt about this label belonging to this plant,as Haviland has written
on it :—** Small tree—flowers white.”
MONIMIACEA.
ScYPHOSTEGIA, Stapf, gen. nov.
Flores unisexuales. Flos ¿ ignotus. Flos 2 : Perianthium fere ad basin 6-lobum ;
lobi 2-seriatim imbricati, persistentes. Discus receptaculum urceolatum, carnosum,
ad faucem incrassatum et recurvum formans. Carpella œ in fundo receptaculi,
basi squamis hyalinis plerumque 3, inferne varie coalitis, circumdata; stigma obli-
quum, depressum; ovulum erectum, anatropum. Receptaculum fructiferum
218 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
auctum, globosum, a fauce rumpens. Carpella stipitata, cylindrica, leviter curvata,
erecta, sicca; pericarpium chartaceum. Semen erectum, testá tenuissimá,
albumine carnoso; embryo axilis medio semine longior, cotyledonibus obovato-
oblongis, radicule inferz «equilongis. ^ Frutex scandens. Folia alternantia,
chartaceo-membranacea, crenulata. Flores bracteati, in racemis longis, laxis
dispositi; racemi inferne compositi, ramis flores 2 valde approximatos gerentibus,
- quorum alter plerumque abortivus ; bracteze infundibuliformes, truncate.
SCYPHOSTEGIA BORNEENSIS, n. Sp. (Pl XVII. 1-14). Frutex glaberrimus. Ramuli
graciles, obscure angulosi. Folia oblonga, ad 5 poll. longa, ad 1? poll. lata, sub-
abrupte breviterque acuminata, basi rotundata, crenulata, exsiccando fuscescentia,
lucida, nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-9, subtus prominulis, venis transversalibus
crebris, tenuibus. Racemi ad 1 ped. longi, subflexuosi, ad ramorum basin decidue
minuteque bracteati; rhachis angulosa; rami graciles, 1-13 poll. longi. Bracteze
flores subtendentes infundibuliformes, 2 lin. longs, truncatz. Pedicelli breviter
vel vix e bracteis exserti. Perianthium in alabastro ovatum apiculatum, sub anthesi
patens, segmentis exterioribus quam interiores subduplo majoribus, obovato-oblongis,
2-3 lin. longis. Receptaculum globosum, sub anthesi 2 lin. altum, margine recurvo,
incrassato, lobulato coronatum ; fructiferum 9 lin. dimetiens. Carpella pilosa, ad
4 lin. longa.
Near Koung, alt. 2000 feet (Haviland, 1377).
The floral structure of this plant is in many ways so remarkable that I feel justified
in founding upon it a new genus, though the male flowers are unknown. There is no
genus in Monimiaceze to which it might be said to be manifestly allied. Yet the
analogies with genera of this order are so obvious that I consider it will most appropri-
ately find its place amongst them. There is very little in the vegetative parts and in
the inflorescence to guide us as to the systematic position, though the leaves are not un-
like those of Daphnandra repandula, F. v. M., in texture, venation, and general appearance.
The flowers on the lower branches of the inflorescence stand usually in pairs, very close
to each other, and supported by a pair of obconical truncate bracts which fit exactly
into each other, and more or less enclose the pedicels. It seems that only one of these
flowers develops normally, whilst the other remains in the state of a bud. In the upper
part of the inflorescence no second flower is formed ; yet we may assume per analogiam
that these solitary flowers are in fact reduced inflorescences. These two-flowered and
one-flowered partial inflorescences are then collected into a long and very loose raceme.
There is nothing very peculiar in the perianth; the “disc,” however, deserves full
attention. It is a fleshy, urn-shaped receptacle, the margin of which is very much
thickened and recurved, leaving open only a narrow passage. From the bottom of this
receptacle the carpels rise, filling scarcely more than one half of the cavity. They seem
to be enveloped in a young state by a delicate membrane, which later splits more or less
irregularly into 2-3 lobes, reminding one of the perianth of a fig-flower. The lower
part and even the lobes themselves are more or less connate, and it is difficult, if not
impossible, to separate them without tearing them. The carpels are distinctly stalked.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 219
The stigma is oblique, and there is generally a more or less marked one-sided constriction
below it. It is depressed in the middle, and the depression leading to the stigmatic
channel is clothed with minute papille. The ripe fruit consists of the enlarged
receptacle, supported by the persistent perianth. It seems to break up from the mouth,
thus exposing or freeing the enclosed carpels. Judging from the ripe seed, the solitary
ovule is erect and anatropous.
The arrangement of the apocarpous ovaries in an urn-shaped cavity is very character-
istic of various Monimiace: ; but in these the cavity is formed by the convex torus in
connection with the perianth-tube, and the perianth-lobes surround the mouth of this
receptacle. In some species, however, the margin round the mouth is distinctly raised
into a rim. If we imagine this rim enlarged and transformed into an urn-shaped :
receptacle and at the same time the torus raised to the level of the insertion of the
petals, we should get the same structure as we find in Scyphostegia. As to the carpels
themselves and the seeds, there is nothing in them which would disagree with the
general characters of Monimiaceze, though the embryo is remarkably large for the order.
The involucre at the base of the carpels is, however, very peculiar. The material in my
hands is hardly sufficient to clear up their development so thoroughly as I wished,
particularly with regard to the earlier stages. Yet I have the impression that this
involucre is not formed by true phyllomes, but is rather of the nature of trichomes and
emergences. In various Monimiacez the tissue of the torus. protrudes. between the
carpels so as to envelop them more or less completely, in others.it sends forth hairs
between them. The involucre in Scyphostegia is therefore possibly an analogous growth.
I have examined the anatomy of the branches and of the leaves, and Dr. Solereder
of Munich was so kind as to do the same. But neither of us was able to find anything
characteristic in the anatomical structure; the secretion=cells present in the leaves
of most Monimiaceze were not met with in Seyphostegia.
LAURACE..
LiT&EA CAULIFLORA, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Cylicodaphne) 3. Rami novelli brevissime fulvo-
tomentelli. Folia alterna, petiolo crasso 6-8 lin. longo suffulta, oblongo-lanceolata,
7-9 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata, basi breviter attenuata, apice subacuminata, tenuiter
coriacea, supra opaca, demum glabrata vel ia cost& diutius adpresse fulvo-tomentella,
subtus purpureo-ylaucescentia, undique tenuiter pubescentia, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 18-20, subrectis, deinde sub margine subito prorsus arcuatis, venis transver-
salibus distinctis, tenuiter reticulata, nervis venisque supra impressis, subtus
prominulis. Umbellulee i racemis densis, valde abbreviatis, in acervis. interdum
1 poll. dimetientibus, e ramis vetustis ortis. conglomerate ; peduneuli demum
2-3 lin. longi, ut bractez involucrantes fulvo-sericei; flores circiter 6, brevissime
pedicellati. — Perigonium extus fulvo-sericeum, 6-partitum ; segmenta obverse
lanceolata, 2 lin. longa. Stamina 12, interiora sensim minora; filamenta extimi
cycli 33 lin., intimi 14 lin. longa, omnia pilosa, cyclorum interiorum basi biglandu-
laria, antheræ omnes 4-locellatæ. Ovarium rudimentarium.
220 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1221).
The foliage is not unlike that of Litsea khasiana, Meissn., or L. elongata, Wall.,
with which the affinity probably lies.
LITSÆA ZEYLANICA, C. & Fr. Nees in Amon. Bot. Bonn. fasc. i. 58, t. 5, ex Nees Syst.
Laur. 626.— 3, 2.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1128).
Distribution : Throughout Malaya, from Sumatra to the Philippines and the Moluccas ;
on the mainland to the Khasia Hills and Bhotan; Ceylon and in the Deccan Peninsula
as far as the Concan.
I take L. cinnamomea, Blume, from Ternate, and a specimen from Luzon (Vidal, 528),
' to be the same species.
LINDERA (?) GRANDIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. 9. Rami crassi, novelli brevissime fulvo-
tomentelli. Folia opposita vel subopposita, petiolo crasso 3-4 lin. longo suffulta,
obovato-oblonga, 9-13 poll. longa, 34-5 poll. lata, basi breviter acutata, apice
breviter et latiuscule acuminata, tenuiter coriacea, supra costá nervisque puberulis
exceptis glabrata, fuscescentia, subtus purpureo-glaucescentia, sparse et minutissime
pilosula, nervis lateralibus utrinque 10-12, angulo 45” ortis, venis transversalibus
laxis distinctis, utrinque tenuiter reticulata, nervis supra leviter impressis, venis
venulisque utrinque prominulis. Umbellule in racemis valde abbreviatis, multi-
floris, densis vel depauperatis, solitariis vel pluribus dense glomeratis, circiter 4-floree ;
pedunculi 1-1} lin. longi, ut bracteæ involucrantes fulvo-sericei ; pedicelli subnulli.
Perigonium extus sericeum ; segmenta 6 insequalia, 3 plerumque multo minora,
, majora ovata acuta, 1 lin. longa. Staminodia 12 filiformia, interiora breviora et
. basi glandulis binis instructa. Ovarium glabrum, cum stylo 14 lin. longum; stigma
dilatatum, sublobatum. Bacca (immatura) perigonii tubo truncato, explanato, vix
aucto insidens, oblonga, 4 lin. longa.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1334).
This is possibly a Litsea, but the fruit resembles closely that of Lindera reticulata.
LINDERA CAsSIA, Reinw. ex Villar in Blanco, Fl. Filipp. ed. III. App. 181.—Syn.
Daphnidium cesium, Nees in Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 976.
, var. RUFA, Stapf. Ramuli novelli et petioli dense rufo-strigillosi. Folia majora ad
13 poll. longa, acuminata, sed non adeo ut in var. acuminata, Miq. 1. c.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1106).
Distribution (of species): Malaya, from Sumatra to the Philippines.
PROTEACEZ.
HELICIA ERRATICA, Hook. fil. in Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 189.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1197).
Distribution : Sikkim Himalaya, Khasia Hills and Martaban, East to Burma ; Borneo.
Dr. Haviland states that the flowers are white, whilst those of the Sikkim and Khasia
plants are said to be pale yellowish. The material is rather imperfect, and the Bornean
plant may prove to be a new species or variety.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 221
THYMEL/EACE X.
DRAPETES ERICOIDES, Hooker fil. in Hook.. Ic. Pl. 895.
From 12,000 feet to the top (Low; Haviland, 1078).
Distribution : North Borneo; New Guinea, Mt. Knutsford.
LORANTHACE.E.
LORANTHUS ESTIPITATUS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Dendrophthoé).—Frutex epiphytieus. Ramuli
novelli ferrugineo-furfuracei, mox glabrati, vetustiores crebre lenticellis albidis
conspersi. Folia opposita, petiolo circiter 3 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga vel elliptica
vel plus minusve formam obovatam vel ovatam appetentia, 2-2 poll. longa, 4-14
poll. lata, basi rotundata vel plus minusve breviter cuneata, apice obtusa, coriacea,
juvenilia ferrugineo- vel fulvo-furfuracea, mox glabrata, nervis lateralibus utrinque 3,
rarius 4, plerumque valde indistinetis. Cymulæ axillares, pedunculo 1-2 lin. longo
(rarius longiore) suffultze, furfurace:e vel glabratee; pedicelli 2-4 lin. longi, sub
flore ipso bracteam minutam ovatam vel rotundatam, margine ciliolatam gerentes.
Calycis limbus brevissimus, ciliolatus. Corolla ¿n alabastro tubo incurvo vel
subrecto, gracili, basi haud nisi anthesi imminente ampliato, apice obtuse capitato-
clavata, plus minusve furfuracea, epería, 6-10 lin. longa, postice ultra medium
fissa; lobi 4, lineari-spathulati, a medio refracti. Stamina lobis corollinis breviora ;
antherz lineares, 1 lin. longe. Ovarium breviter oblongum vel globosum, vix 1 lin.
longum, primo furfuraceum, demum glabrescens; stylus corolla paulo longior;
stigma capitatum. Bacca ovoidea vel oblonga vel subglobosa, ad 3 lin. longa,
glabrata.
On the Tampassuk River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1351).
Distribution: From Tonkin and South China to Borneo and the Philippines; Perak.
I refer the following specimens to this species :—Tonkin : Tu-Phat {Balansa, 2329],
Ououbi [Balansa, 1030]; South China: Lo Fau Shan, Prov. of Canton [Hort. Bot.
Hongk. a. 1883, 7], Hainan [ Henry, 8261]; North Borneo: Kudat [Dr. Fraser, 183]:
Philippines [ Cuming, 1970]; Perak [Scortechini, 311, 421 |.
The Philippine specimen is enumetated as L. sphenoideus, Blume, in Vidal, Pl. Vasc.
Filip. 231, together with no. 490 of Cuming; but only the latter can be referred to
L. sphenoideus. Scortechini’s plant, on the other hand, was named Z. Sewrrula var.
obtecta by Dr. King, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. lvi. p. 92. But, as in Cuming's specimen,
no. 1970, the fruit is oblong and not at all clavate. I have carefully gone through our
whole material of Z. Scurrula, which comprises several bundles, and found the shape
of the fruit very uniformly clavate; and whilst I should not object to merging
L. repandus, obovatus, and sphenoideus (all of Blume) into L. Scurrula, I think the
species just described is distinct enough to deserve specific rank, the chief differential
character being the shape of the ovary and fruit. It is not impossible that it will prove
to be identical with Dendrophthoé fuscata, Mig. (= Loranthus Juscatus, Korth.), from
Sumatra. The fruit of this species is said to be a “ bacca ovato-globosa,” but Miquel
pA
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 268
222 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
adds “inferne attenuata." I have not seen the type of it, and I do not consider the
description to be sufficient for identification. The specimens on which Loranthus
estipitatus is founded differ to a certain degree in the intensity of the tomentum, the
size of the leaves, and the length of the corolla, but not so much as the various forms
comprised under L. Scurrula do. The fruit is more ovoid in the Bornean specimen,
and more oblong, or almost cylindric, in that from Perak; but these extreme forms are
perfectly connected by intermediate states, and they are always sessile, not stipitate.
LORANTHUS SABAENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Lepeostegeres). Frutex parasiticus, glaberrimus.
Rami crassi, teretes vel irregulariter angulati. Folia opposita vel subopposita, peti-
olo 4-5 lin. longo crasso suffulta, ovata, 2 poll. longa, 1-12 poll. lata, basi rotundata,
rarius subcordata, apice acuta, coriacea, costá subtus prominente, cxeterum enervia,
evenia. Capitula strobiliformia, axillaria, ovata vel oblonga, tetragona, corollis
omissis 1—2 poll. longa, 3-4-flora. Bracteæ exteriores involucrantes 8-10, interiores
accrescentes, rotundato-ovatz usque oblongs, obtuse vel subacute, pergamaces,
castaneze, dorso carinatee, intimee flores subtendentes, lineares, circa 6 lin. longe.
Calycis limbus vix + lin. altus, subscariosus, irregulariter lobulatus. Corolla flavida,
in alabastro clavata, aperta, tubo subrecto vir 1 poll. longo, gracili, sub fauce
leviter dilatata ; segmenta 6, basi ovata, ad 2-3 lin. erecta, deinde linearia et reflexa,
expansa 8-9 lin. longa. Stamina 6; filamenta linearia, porrecta, cum antheris
linearibus 2 lin. longa, corollze segmentis expansis paulo breviora. Ovarium
turbinatum, 1 lin. longum; stylus filiformis, 12—12 poll. longus; stigma capitatum.
From 9000 to 11,000 feet on Rhododendron ericoides and Leptospermum recurvum
Haviland, 1079, 1108).
Distribution: North Borneo (Sarawak, Becc. 2579).
A very incomplete young specimen, collected by Low at 8000 feet on Kinabalu, evi-
dently belongs also to L. Havilandii.
. Allied to a Lepeostegeres from Malacca [ Maingay, 695], which, according to Dr. King,
is perhaps identical with ZL. Kingii, Scort. ex King, in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, lvi. p. 99.
Maingay’s specimen differs by its larger leaves and much larger flowers (to 21 in.), which
are split for about 4-6 lin. into 5 linear segments, then widened for 1-13 in. and very
narrowly cylindric at the base. I have not seen the type of L. Kingii, but from the
description it appears to me rather doubtful whether Maingay’s specimen is really iden-
tical with the true Z. Kingú. However that may be, Haviland's plant certainly differs
also from the latter by the smaller leaves and flowers and the sexfid corolla, which is not
slit on one side.
LORANTHUS CENTIFLORUS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Lepeostegeres). (Pl. XVIII. c. 9-10.) Frutex
parasiticus, glaberrimus. Rami stricti, teretes, nigricantes. Folia subopposita,
petiolo crassiusculo 6 lin. longo suffulta, ovato-oblonga, 3-34 poll. longa, 14-14 poll.
lata, basi rotundata, apice obtusa, coriacea, supra fusco-nigricantia, subtus rubro-
fusca, nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-8, tenuissimis. Flores numerosissimi, ad 50,
in capitulis fere 2 poll. dimetientibus subterminalibus congesti, bracteis amplis
- inmvoleruatis. Bractee chartacez, circiter 6, exteriores breviores, rotundat:e, transverse
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 223
latiores, interiores longiores, rotundo-obovatee usque spathulate, ad 1 poll. longæ, in
margine scariosv et interdum undulate. Receptaculum crassum, } poll. dimetiens.
Pedicelli nulli vel brevissimi, crassi, angulati, rarius ad 2 lin. longi, apice bracteolam
sepissime ad lineam elevatam, ovarii basin cingentem vel unilateraliter subtendentem,
redactam gerentes. Calycis limbus ad 1 lin. altus, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubus 2-3
lin. longus; segmenta filiformia, ad 8-9 lin. porrecta, abhine refracta, parte refractá
3 lin. longá anguste lineari. Stamina 5; filamenta segmentis adnata, ad 4 lin.
libera; antherze subulate, 2 lin. longæ, plus minusve torte. Ovarium angulatum,
13 lin. longum, mox basi dilatatum et superne constrictum. Bacca (immatura)
ampullacea, plus minusve angulata, 3-1 lin. longa.
At 6500 feet (Haviland, 1247).
A very fine and remarkable species, the affinity of which is not quite evident at first
sight. The inflorescence is not unlike that of the Lepeostegeres group, and it comes
particularly near to that of L. Beccari¿, King. But the bracts are much less numerous,
and the heads are short and broad, containing about 50 flowers each. They spring from
the uppermost axils of young branches, thus appearing almost terminal. The ovaries
are, as in L. Beccarii, closely packed together and more or less angular from the mutual
pressure, and there are no pairs of bracteoles at the base of the pedicels, which are usually
reduced to a minimum and grow only partly longer after fertilization has taken place.
The corolla is split for 2 of the entire length, and there is a sudden bend, about + below
the apices of the segments, by which the upper part is perfectly deflexed, so that it
appears almost as an appendix to the corolla-segments. ‘The filaments are not free from
the base of the segments as in typical Lepeostegeres, but only from a little below the
bend just mentioned. This is also the case in L. sabaensis, where, however, the corolla-
tube is much longer. The disappearance of the bracteoles may be explained as suppression
caused by the close packing of the numerous flowers, whilst the coalescence of the
filaments and the corolla for the greatest part of their length might be considered as
having remained unaltered in spite of the far advanced partition of the corolla. Thus the
species may be characterized as a Lepeostegeres with very numerous and closely packed
flowers, with consequently-suppressed bracteoles, and with a very deeply-slit corolla.
BALANOPHORACEA.
BALANOPHORA ELONGATA, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. i. 87.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1166).
Distribution: Java; Borneo.
BALANOPHORA Lowir, Hooker fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. 426, t. 75 c.
In shady woods (Low).
EUPHORBIACEA.
GLOCHIDION TENUISTYLUM, Stapf, n. sp. 9. Frutex humilis. Ramuli tenues vel validi-
ores, interdum leviter anfracti, dense fulvo- vel rufo-hirtelli. Folia petiolo hirtello
1-13 lin. longo suffulta, oblonga vel ovato-oblonga, 3¿—4 poll. longa, 1413 poll. lata,
basi rotundata, seepe paulo inzequalia, breviter acuteque acuminata, firme membra-
262
224 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
nacea, pallida, supra (demum quidem), costá nervisque hirtellis exceptis, glabra,
minute pustulata, subtus in nervis venisque hirtella, ceterum pubescentia, nervis
lateralibus utrinque circiter 7 cum venis transversalibus arcuatis vel flexuosis laxe
anastomosantibus, supra sepe impressis, subtus valde prominulis. Flores feminei
3-5 in fasciculis axillaribus dense glomerati. Calyx vix 1 lin. longus, dense hir-
tellus; segmenta 6, lineari-oblonga. Ovarium densissime hirtellum ; styli 4, raro 5,
ad medium in columnam e basi quam ovarium vix tenutore sensim pauloque incrassatam
vel subcylindricam connati, abhine filiformes, subdivergentes, minute hirtelli, 15-1}
lin. longi.
At the Penokok, alt. 4000 feet (Haviland, 1303).
Very similar in habit, foliage, and tomentum to Glochidion Moonii, Thw., from Ceylon,
but distinguished by the slender styles, which are connate to one half of their length
only, and decidedly shorter.
DAPHNIPHYLLUM BORNEENSE, Stapf, n. sp. Frutex vel arbor humilis, glaberrimus.
Ramuli crassiusculi, circa 2 lin. dimetientes, cortice nigricante, inferne lenticellis,
interdum crebris, pallidis obsiti. Folia ad apices innovationum valde approximata,
petiolo 6-8 lin. longo suffulta, elliptica vel obovato-elliptica, 21-31 poll. longa, 1-12
poll. lata, basi breviter acuta, apice abrupte breviterque apiculata, tenuiter coriacea,
exsiccando nigrieantia, subtus plus minusve glaucescentia, nervis lateralibus utrinque
circiter 7, angulo circiter 60° ortis, insigniter lawissime reticulata, nervis venisque
supra impressis vel prominulis, subtus prominentibus. Flores masculi subumbellati
vel brevissime racemosi, pedunculo 3-1 poll. longo suffulti ; pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi.
Sepala ovata, vix $lin. longa. Stamina 5-9; filamenta 3 lin. longa ; antherze paulo a
dorso compressee, lineares, 1 lin. longe, minute apiculate. Flores feminei in race-
mis demum elongatis, pedunculo 4-6 lin. longo suffulti; pedicelli ad 3 lin. longi.
Sepala ovata, 3 lin. longa, mox decidua. Ovarium ovatum, 1 lin. longum; stylus
crassiusculus, brevis ; stigmata recurva, ovario fere equilonga. Fructus ellipsoideo-
globosus, 4 lin. longus, basi rotundatus, apice stigmatibus coronatus.
From 10,000 to 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1070).
I have much hesitation in founding a new species on this plant, as it comes so near to
D. himalayense, Muell., and particularly D. glaucescens, Blume. But, after repeated
comparison with the very rich material of these species in the Kew Herbarium, I prefer
to keep it separate. It differs from D. glaucescens by the longer and narrower anthers,
which are at least twice as long as broad, and by the much longer stigmata, and perhaps
also by the very coarse and prominent reticulation; from D. himalayense by the broad
leaves, the less numerous nerves, and the longer stigmata. I find the anthers and the
stigmata extremely uniform in D. glaucescens, though the species covers a very large area,
and this was the reason which chiefly induced me to separate the Bornean plant as a
species.
BACCAUREA LANCEOLATA, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. pt. ii. 457.
At the Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1340).
Distribution : Malaya, from Sumatra to Borneo.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 225
ANTIDESMA AURITUM, Tulasne, in Ann. Se. Nat. 1851, p. 203 3 (ex descr.).
At the Penokok, alt. 4000 feet ( Haviland, 1337).
Distribution : Java. E
I have not seen any specimen of this species, but the plants in my hands agree so per-
fectly with Tulasue's explicit description that I have little doubt in referring them to this
species. The leaves vary in Haviland’s specimens from 7 to 9 in. in length, and from 12 to
21 in. in breadth.
ANTIDESMA MonrrZzir, Muell. Arg. in Linn:a, xxxiv. 67.
At Koung, 2000 feet (Haviland, 1374).
Distribution: Malaya; on the mainland as far as T'enasserim ; in the Archipelago from
Sumatra to the Philippines.
Beccari, Sarawak, no. 3146, and a specimen by Barber, probably from Labuan, belong
also to this species.
CLAOXYLON PAUCIFLORUM, Stapf, n. sp. ($Zu- Claoxylon.— à 9). Ramuli pallidi, novelli
dense et adpressissime subsericeo-pilosi, mox glabrati. Folia alterna, petiolo 4—3 lin.
longo, supra canaliculato suffulta, oblongo- vel obovato-lanceolata, 4-7 poll. longa,
13-24 poll. lata, basi acuta, biglandulosa, apice breviter caudato-acuminata, in margine
calloso-denticulata, pallide viridia, supra primo adpresse pubescentia, demum glabrata,
subtus, preecipue in nervis venisque, minute adpresseque pilosa, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 6 erectis, venis transversalibus tenuibus, distinctis, subhorizontalibus. Mas:
Spicee (juveniles) 1—2 poll. longe, adpresse pilose ; bractez, ut videtur, ad normam
uniflore vel biflore (?), late ovatze, 13 lin. long:e, suá longitudine distantes ; bracteolee
multo minores. Calyx ante anthesin ovato-globosus, adpresse pilosus, vix 1 lin.
longus, 3-partitus, valvaris. Receptaculum in totà superficie inter stamina glandulis
ovatis vel breviter cylindricis, apice pilis 1-3 duplo triplove longioribus instructis
obsitum. Stamina numerosissima; anthersz loculis inter se liberis, basi fixe.
Femina: Spice valde redacte, rhachi circiter 2 lin. longa, bi- vel uniflore;
bracteze late ovate, obtusee, 1-13 lin. longs. Calyx 3-partitus; segmenta ovata,
1-14 lin. longa, adpresse pilosula. Ovarium disco crassiusculo irregulariter lobulato
cinctum, globosum, 2 lin. dimetiens, 3-loculare, villosum; stigmata simplicia,
subsessilia, intus grosse papillosa; ovula in quoque loculo solitaria.
At the Penokok, alt. 3000 feet ( 9 ) (Haviland, 1347); at 6000 feet (3 ) (Haviland,
1344).
In habit and foliage not unlike C. longifolium, Muell., but very distinct by the short
few-flowered inflorescences, and also by the shorter petioles.
ACALYPHA CaTURUS, Blume, Bijdr. 629; Mueller Arg. in DC. Prodr xv. pt. ii. 805.
Penokok, alt. 3000 feet (.Haviland, 1342).
Distribution: Malaya, from Sumatra to Borneo; probably also in New Guinea.
This seems to be a very variable plant. Haviland’s specimen has very large leaves (the
largest 7 by 51 in.) and extremely slender and long spikes (to 14in.). A specimen obtained
by Beccari (Piant. Sum. 754) from the province of Padang belongs to it, and probably also
a specimen collected by Forbes (127) in the Sogeri region, Eastern New Guinea:
226 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
ACALYPHA STIPULACEA, Klotzsch, in Nov. Act. Ac. Nat. Cur. xix. Suppl. i. 416.
In young jungle on the Tampassuk River, alt. 2500 feet (Haviland, 1363).
Distribution : Malaya, from Java to the Philippines and Moluccas,
This plant was also collected by Dr. M. Fraser at Banggi, North Borneo (no. 232).
URTICACES.
FICUS SETIFLORUS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Enu-Syce ?) (Pl. XVIII. B. 5-8.) Frutex humilis. Ramuli
graciles, novelli fulvo-strigillosi, vetustiores cortice pallide brunneo. Folia petiolo
JFulvo-strigilloso 3-13 poll. longo suffulta, ovata, 3-44 poll. longa, 13-23 poll. lata,
basi rotundata, apice acuminata, margine argute serrato-dentata, firmule membranacea,
supra sparse strigulosa, aspera, subtus in nervis venisque hispidula, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 4-6, pare infimo fere e basi orto, venis transversalibus tenuibus remoti-
usculis, reticulatione tenuissimá. Receptacula feminea axiliaria, subsessilia, involucro
triphyllo cincta, phyllis minutis late rotundatis, matura, globosa, 3-34 lin. dimetientia,
flavida, adpresse sparseque hispidula, intus flavido-setosa. Perianthium pedicellatum,
segmenta 3-4, oblonga vei obovata, tenuissima, irregulariter crenulata ; dorso, imprimis
apicem, versus, setulis rigidis 4 lin. longis, segmentis ipsis longioribus, obsita.
Achzenium subglobosum ; stylus lateralis, 4 lin. vel paulo longior.
. At 7600 feet (Haviland, 1214).
Evidently allied to F. chrysocarpa, Reinw., with which it has the bristly perianth in
common, but the branches are much more slender, the petioles much longer, the leaves
thinner, and the receptacles smaller and not tomentose. The perianth is comparatively
larger. On the other hand, it resembles also certain species of the section Sycidiwm in
its general appearance, and it might, perhaps, be better placed in it.
Ficus KINABALUENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. ($ Hu-Syce.) Frutex glaberrimus. Ramuli nigro-
cinerascentes. Folia sessilia, obovata, 15-2 poll. longa, 8-9 lin. lata, basi subcuneata,
apice obtusa vel apiculata, margine incrassato, angustissime revoluto, coriacea,
exsiccando supra nigrescentia, subtus fusca, nervis lateralibus utrinque 8-10 patulis,
supra impressis, subtus prominentibus, tenuioribus, paucis sepe interjectis, subter
marginem distincte arcuatim anastomosantibus. Receptacula mascula bina in
axillis foliorum, pedunculo 1-2 lin. longo suffulta vel subsessilia, involuero triphyllo
basi cincta, phyllis rotundatis 1 lin. longis ciliolatis, globoso-ovata, 3 lin. longa.
Flores masculi sub receptaculi ore dispositi. Perianthium glabrum; segmenta 3-4,
obovata; stamina 3. Flores gallipari numerosi ; perianthii segmenta 3, obovata vel
posterius plus minusve navicularia; ovarium subglobosum ; stylus brevis lateralis.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1216).
Allied to F. variolosa, Lindl., but differing in the broad, usually very obtuse and
sessile leaves.
Ficus MorLEYANA, Miquel, in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 228, 294,
.. At 8800 feet (Haviland, 1215).
Distribution : All over Rorneo.
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 227
LAPORTEA STIMULANS, Miquel, in Zollinger, Cat. 103.
At 5000 feet, 3-4 feet high (Haviland, 1222, 1230).
Distribution: Malaya, from the Peninsula to the Philippines.
Dr. Haviland’s specimens differ from the type specimens in their leaves being thinner
and acute at the base or almost decurrent, but specimens from the Malayan Peninsula,
chiefly from Perak, vary so much in these points that I doubt whether these characters
can be relied upon. No. 1222 agrees exactly with a plant collected by Motley near
Banjermassin (no. 346). Weddell says, in a note on the sheet, “forsan ad Z. crenulatam,
var. B. referenda.” But I am inclined to refer this var. B., i. e. luzonensis, to L. stimu-
lans rather than to Z. crenata, Gaudich. However that may be, L. crenulata and
L. stimulans are extremely close.
Laporte, sp. aff. L stimulanti, Miq. g.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet ( Haviland, 1341).
This is probably a new species, very distinct by the sessile or subsessile leaves, which
are obovate-lanceolate and long cuneate at the base. The material, however, is too
incomplete for description.
PILEA JOHNIANA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XIX. p. 17-26.) Herba perennis, nana, cæspitosa,
e basi ramosa; rami prostrati radicantes, tenues. Folia densa, superne sepe densis-
sima et internodiis multo longiora, petiolo $ lin. longo vel brevissimo latiusculo
suffulta, orbicularia vel deltoideo-orbicularia, 1-13 lin. longa, basi brevissime
latissimeque cuneata, apice obtusissima, carnosa, exsiccando nigricantia, triplinervia,
nervis inconspicuis utrinque, sed precipue subtus, cystolithis linearibus minutis
conspersa. Stipule minute, lanceolate, } lin. longe. Flores masculi in axillis
solitarii, subsessiles. Perianthium bipartitum vel 4-partitum ; segmenta rotundata,
cucullata, apiculata; stamina 2 vel 4. Flores feminei in cymulis axillaribus folio
multo brevioribus, pewcifloris; pedicelli 3 lin. longi vel breviores. Perianthium
tripartitum; segmentum intermedium vix ad 4 lin. longum, ovatum, cucullatum,
quam lateralia, plerumque in margine glandulosa, 2-3plo longius. Staminum rudi-
menta minutissima. Ovarium ovatum; stigma breviter penicillatum, sessile.
Achenium suboblique globoso-ovatum, 1-3 lin. longum, leve.
In crevices of rocks from 11,000 to 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1391).
A very marked species, allied to P. peploides, Hook. et Arn. It differs by the very
erowded, almost sessile leaves, which are thick and not transparent in a dry state, the
few-flowered inflorescence, and the larger achenes. I saw but one male flower, from
which the description is drawn.
PILEA PTEROCAULIS, Stapf, n. sp. Herba glaberrima, 3 ped. alta. Caulis crassus,
quadrialatus, alis circa 2 lin. latis. Folia opposita, æqualia vel subequalia, petiolo
2-3 lin. longo, basi 12-23 lin. lato suffulta, lanceolata vel oblonga, 53-73 poll. longa,
14 poll. lata, basi minute biauriculata, apice acuminata, acumine minute denticulato.
ceterum integerrima, membranacea, supra nigro-viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinque
228 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
cystolithis crebris linearibus conspersa, trinervia, nervis ad acumen productis, venis
transversalibus distinctis. Stipule inter folia cicatricem transversam conspicuam
relinquentes. Flores masculi in glomerulis parvis in spicá simplici vel parce
compositá, axillari, gracillimá, 14 poll. longa dispositi. Perigonium 4-partitum ;
segmenta ovata, 2 lin. longa. Stamina 4. Ovarium rudimentarium minutum. Flores
Jeminei in cymis axillaribus brevissimis, multifloris, glomeruliformibus. Perianthium
3-partitum ; segmenta valde inzqualia, intermedium demum 4 lin. longum, lateralibus
3-plo majus. Achznium suboblique globoso-ovoideum, valde compressum, $ lin.
longum.
On the Tampassuk River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1229).
Allied to P. smilacifolia, Wedd., but very distinct by the winged stem and the very
short and broad petioles.
PILEA CRASSIFOLIA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba glaberrima. Caulis quadrangularis, sulcatus,
flavido-virescens. Folia opposita, subzequalia, petiolo 14-14 poll. longo suffulta,
oblonga vel oblanceolata, 2-3 poll. longa, 7-9 lin. lata, basi minute biauriculata,
apice acuminata, in margine, basi exceptá, crenato-denticulata, crassa, exsiccando
nigro-viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinque cystolithis creberrimis obsita, et minute ni-
gropunctata, Flores masculi in glomerulis densis, parvis, in spicis plerumque parce
compositis, solitariis vel paucis, in axillis foliorum dispositis. Perigonium 4-partitum;
segmenta ovata. Stamina 4. Ovarium rudimentariuw minutum. Flores feminei
pauci cum masculis in centro glomerulorum. Perianthium tripartitum; segmentum
intermedium lateralibus majus, cucullato-obovatum, apiculatum. Ovarium
ovoideum ; stigma incrassatum.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1339).
Allied to P. smilacifolia, Wedd., but distinct by the very thick and crenulate-denti-
culate , leaves, the transversal veins of which are hardly visible, and the abundance of
cystoliths, amongst which black dots are scattered over the lower surface of the leaves.
A Philippine specimen from the island of Panay (Vidal, 3863) comes still nearer, but it
has rather asymmetric leaves, with very unequal and often short petioles.
ELATOSTEMMA LINEARE, Stapf, n. sp. ¢. Caulis, ut videtur, arborum truncis ramisve
appressus et applanatus, fulvo-strigillosus, internodiis 4-6 lin, longis. Folia alterna,
disticha, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo suffulta, late linearia vel lanceolato-linearia, 14-24
poll. longa, 4 lin. lata, basi inzequalia, in latere extus spectante in petiolum auricu-
latum decurrentia, acuta, a medio vel in summa tertiá parte grosse arguteque dentato-
serrata, crassiuscula, supra demum quidem glaberrima, luride glauco-viridia, sparse
nigro-punctata, subtus in costa necnon in nervis adpresse strigillosa, pallide fusca,
' punctulis crebris obsita, nervis lateralibus subpatulis utrinque 8-11, sepe valde
indistinctis vel parenchymate plane obtectis. Stipulz oblique ovate, acute vel
acuminate, membranacee, 3-4 lin. longze. Cyme capitatim contracte, brevissime
peduneulatz vel sessiles, 13-2 lin. dimetientes; bracteze extime late ovatee, apice
incrassate, pilosul:e, vix 2 lin. longe latzeque, interiores oblanceolate vel spathulatz,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 229
angustee, ciliatze, vix breviores. Perianthium 4-5-partitum, 1 lin. longum; segmenta
late obovata, paulo cucullata et sub apice cornuta, dorso pilosa. Ovarii rudimentum
minutum.
Kinitaki River, alt. 5000 feet (Haviland, 1271).
Allied to £. rupestre, Wedd., but differing by the evidently flattened and strigillose
stem, the narrow leaves, which have almost parallel margins, a very coarse serrature,
and a usually very indistinct nervation.
ELATOSTEMMA Lowi, Stapf, n.sp.— 2. Herba erecta, inflorescentiis exceptis glaberrima.
Caulis inferne crassiusculus, nigricans, superne (exsiccatus quidem) sulcatus, ramis
gracilibus. Folia alterna, sessilia vel petiolo brevissimo tenui suffulta, oblique
oblongo-lanceolata, 13-2 poll. longa, 5-7 lin. lata, basi i» latere esteriore subauri-
culatim producta, in latere interiore plerumque sensim attenuata, apice breviter
vel caudato-acuminata, a medio vel fere a basi grosse crenato-dentata, tenuiter
membranacea, supra nigricantia, subtus fuscescentia, siepe ob stomata prominula
minute albo-punctulata, cystolithis utrinque (specie quidem) mullis, triplinervia,
nervis lateralibus patulis utrinque 5-7, tenuibus. Stipule subulate, 3-1 lin. longe.
Cym:e axillares, foliis sepe admodum diminutis sustente, sessiles, in receptaculum
confluentes, 1-13 lin. dimetientes ; bracteze omnes anguste lineares vel spathulato-
lineares, molliter pilosee, 1-4 lin. longze; pedicelli vix $ lin. longi. Perianthium
tripartitum ; segmenta filiformi-linearia, pilosula. Staminodia paulo longiora vel
breviora. Achenium ovatum, 3 lin. longum, pericarpio tenui, leviter tuberculato.
At 5000 feet, on the northern face of Mount Kinabalu (Low).
I have not been able to identify this plant with any of the species represented in the
Kew Herbarium; only two, viz. E. Urvilleanum, Brongn., and E. lancifolium, Wedd.,
seem to come very near it. The former is figured in Brongniart, Bot. Voy. Coq. t. 46,
fig. A, and is evidently very like in habit. But the leaves are more cuneate at the
base in %. Urvilleanum, less acuminate, and full of cystoliths. The figure of the
female flower as given by Brongniart is possibly wrong, as it shows only two perianth-
segments and no staminodes. Æ. lancifolium, on the other hand, has a strigose stem
and entire or sub-entire leaves, which are hairy below.
ELATOSTEMMA THALICTROIDES, Stapf, n. sp.— g. (PL XIX. B. 5-8.) Caulis gracilis,
firmus, teres, adpresse hirtellus; ramuli gracillimi, distiche foliati. Folia alterna,
brevissime petiolata vel sessilia, suboblique cuneato-ovata, 6-9 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata,
supra medium in uno latere extus spectante dentibus 2 majusculis, in altero ple-
rumque dente unico magno vel alio parvo addito, dentibus mucronulatis, membra-
nacea, supra leete viridia, pilis perpaucis adpressis conspersa, czeterum glaberrima,
subtus pallidiora, in nervis et in margine adpresse tenuiterque strigillosa, nervis
lateralibus tenuibus numero dentium. Stipule lanceolate, strigillosee, vix 4 lin.
longe. Cyme axillares, pauciflore, in glomerulos 1-1$ lin. dimetientes congestz,
dense pilosze; bracteze extime rotundato-ovate vel obovatze, sub apice breviter mu-
eronulatz, dorso dense et rigide pilose; interiores spathulate, basi valde attenuatz,
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. " 29g
230 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
8—1 lin. longe ; pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi. Perianthium ad medium 5-lobum; lobi 2
exteriores ovati, acuti, interiores cucullati, dorso sub apice filiformiter cornuti,
omnes extus rigide pilosi.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1219).
A very graceful plant, the foliage of which imitates the compound leaves of certain
forms of Thalictrum minus, particularly in the shape of the leaflets. It is allied to Æ. podo-
phyllum, Wedd., but distinct by the cuneate base of the leaves and the absence of
conspicuous cystoliths.
ELATOSTEMMA BULBOTHRIX, Stapf, n.sp. (Pl. XIX. a.1-4.) Herba humilis, ut videtur
prostrata. Caulis firmulus, teres, superne dense strigilloso-hirtellus, internodiis 2-3
lin. longis. Folia alterna, disticha, sessilia vel subsessilia, oblique obovata, 6-8 lin.
longa, 3-5 lin. lata, basi in altero latere extus spectante rotundato-auriculata, in altero
acutata, obtusa, obtusiuscule dentato-crenata, firma, crassa, supra flavido-viridia,
rugosa, densissime cystolithis obducta, sparse nigro-punctata, glabra, subtus in costá
nervisque et in margine adpresse strigillosa, in parenchymate pilis basi incrassatis
et nitide aureis ceterum albis minute hispida, triplinervia, nervis venisque supra
valde impressis, subtus eximie prominentibus. Stipule minute, ivsequales, una
extus spectans subulata, altera lanceolata vel ovata, strigillose, vix 1 lin. longs.
Cyme biflorz, sessiles, axillares; bracteze exteriores anguste oblong:e, vix 1 lin.
longze, interiores diminutw, spathulato-lineares vel fere subulate, omnes firmule,
breviter strigillos:e ; pedicelli brevissimi. Perianthium nullum. Staminodia 4, sub-
quadrata. Ovarium ellipsoideum, minute quadricostatum, leeve, vix 4 lin. longum.
At 10,000 feet (Haviland, 1392).
A very marked species, the affinity of which is difficult to ascertain. Perhaps it lies
with Æ. glaucescens, Wedd. I do not know any other species where the cystoliths are
so crowded on the upper surface of the leaves, which they cover entirely, with the sole
exception of the black dots. The stiff short bristles of the lower surface are thickened
at the base, and, in a young state at least, shining and yellow, so as to make it glitter
from minute golden-yellow dots.
ELATOSTEMMA LITHONEURUM, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XIX. c. 9-16.) Herba, ut videtur,
prostrata. Caulis superne patule hirsutus, inferne glabratus, nigrescens, et albido-
verrucosus. Folia alterna, disticha, sessilia vel subsessilia, oblique oblanceolata,
interdum subfalcata, 2-24 poll. longa, 4-ł poll lata, basi in uno latere extus
spectante auriculato-producta, in altero acuta, breviter vel indistincte acuminata,
fere a basi argute dentata, crassa, supra nigricantia, adpresse setulosa, subtus
pallidiora in costa nervisque neenon in parenchymate setoso-hirsuta, ceeterum
glandulis 3-4-cellularibus fuscis conspersa, triplinervia, nervis lateralibus (prseter
subbasalia) 5-7 in latere majore, valde prorsus arcuatis, nervis supra subim pressis,
subtus prominulis et cystolithis crassis albis obsitis. Stipule oblanceolate, sepe
subfaleatze, obtusiusculee, 5 lin. longze, membranaces. Cymæ mascule in capitulis
depresso-globosis 6 lin. dimetientibus, pedunculo 3-13 poll. longo hirsuto suffultis ;
bractez extim:e late rotundato-ovatee, obtuse, sub apice breviter obtuseque cornute,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 231
nervis 3-5 subprominentibus, parce setulosæ, 4-43 lin. longæ lateeque, nigrescentes,
interiores gradatim angustiores et in formam spathulatam cucullatam abeuntes,
omnes cystolithis albis paucis vel pluribus conspers et margine ciliatule ; pedicelli
breves. Perianthium 4-partitum, 1 lin. longum, extus paree setulosum ; segmenta
obovata, valde cucullata, bina majora sub apice cornuta, bina angustiora gibboso-
cornuta. Cyme feminee axillares, in receptaculum collects, sessiles, 2 lin.
dimetientes, multiflore ; bractese extima elliptieze, sub apice cornute, 13 lin.
longs, interiores sensim angustiores et in formam cucullato-spathulatam abeuntes,
dorso setuloss; pedicelli demum elongati, 3 lin. longi. Perianthium nullum.
Staminodia 3 minuta. Achenium ellipsoideum, supra medium tenuiter 4-costu-
latum, $ lin. longum.
Behind boulders of torrents, alt. 11.000 feet (Haviland, 1206).
In the shape of the leaves and in the floral structure some resemblance to Æ. papil-
losa, Wedd., is evident, but E. lithoneurum differs by the much firmer leaves and the
coarser indumentum. There are no cystoliths visible, at least from outside, except on
the nerves beneath, which are covered with thick, wedge-sbaped cystoliths. In any case
it is a very well-marked species.
MYRICACEA.
Myrica JAVANICA, Blume, Bijdr. 517, Fl. Jav. (Myric.) p. 1. t. 7, 3 (forma alpina).
From 11,000 to 11,500 feet (Low; Haviland, 1091).
Distribution : Malaya; Java, Borneo.
The leaves are much smaller than in the type, but all other characters point so clearly
to M. javanica that I have no doubt in referring this plant to it. It is evidently a
stunted alpine form. The leaves are 1-11 by 3-4 in. Low’s specimen, consisting of a
few male scraps, is enumerated erroneously under Quercus monticola, King, in Ann. Bot.
Gard. Calc. ii. 44.
CUPULIFERA.
Quercus HAVvILANDIT, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XVIII. a. 1-4.) Arbor humilis. Ramuli
dense brevissimeque fulvo-furfuraceo-tomentelli. Folia petiolo crassiusculo, furfu-
raceo-tomentello, 2-23 lin. longo suffulta, late ovata, 13-24 poll. longa. 14-13 poll.
lata, basi late rotundata vel subtruncata, abrupte breviterque acuminata, coriacea,
supra exsiccando castanea, primo fulvo-furfuracea, mox, costá nervisque exceptis,
glabrata, subnitida, subtus densissime atque persistenter ochraceo-furfuraceo-tomen-
tosa, nervis lateralibus utrinque 10-12, supra impressis, infra prominentibus, venis
transversis tenuibus. Stipule minute decidus. Spice androgyne vel subuni-
sexuales vel unisexuales, terminales et ex axillis summis, simplices vel composite,
folia paulo superantes, dense furfuraceo-tomentelle. Flores masculi solitarii (an
semper ?) in axillis bractearum minutarum illis multo breviorum ; bracteolee 2 minute.
Perianthium 6-partitum; segmenta ovata, obtusa, 3 lin. longa. Stamina 8-10.
Flores feminei in spicis propriis quam masculz brevioribus vel ad basin spicarum
androgynarum ; bracteze minute, ovate. Perianthium 4-6-lobatum. Styli, apice
2H2
232 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
excepto, pubescentes. Cupule per paria a dorso connate (vix mature), 6 lin. dime-
tientes et 2 lin. alte, fulvo-tomentosz, ob apices squamarum liberos nigro-tuberculatee ;
glans depresso-hemispheerica, apice excepto glabra, lucida, apiculata, 3-4 lin. alta.
From 9,000 to 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1069).
Closely allied to Quercus pruinosa, Blame. Ishould have considered this oak asa form
of Q. pruinosa, but for the very minute bracts, the solitary male flowers, and the small
leaves and fruits, and 1 am still very doubtful whether all these characters may prove to
be the result of the physical conditions of a much elevated and exposed locality.
A specimen from Lepanto, N. Luzon (Vidal, 1814), belongs evidently to the same species,
but the leaves are less rounded at the base. There are no flowers or fruits with it.
CASTANOPSIS sp. aff. C. argentee, A.DC.
** Small tree, fruit prickly like an opened chestnut,” at 8000 feet (Haviland, 1115).
I have seen only a barren branch. The nerves are rather faint and more curved than
in C. argentea. It is very probably a new species.
CASTANOPSIS TURBINATA, Stapf, n. sp. Arbor humilis. Ramuli robusti, minute denseque
tomentelli. Folia petiolo crasso 3 lin. longo suffulta, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, 3-4
poll. longa, 13-13 poll. lata, basi rotundata vel breviter acuta, apice sensim tenuiter-
que acuminata, valde coriacea, supra exsiccando fusca vel obscure olivacea, subnitida,
sub lente valido pilis stellatis minutissimis albis parce conspersa, subtus viridi-cinerea,
pube stellata laxá minutissimá vestita, nervis lateralibus utrinque 9-10 sub margine
insigniter arcuatim anastomosantibus, supra graciliter impressis, subtus prominenti-
bus, venis transversis subtus tenuibus distinctis. Flores feminei in apice ramulorum,
.in spicis valde abbreviatis, minute cinereo-tomentellis, subglomerati. Cupula
turbinata, bracteis squamiformibus, ovatis, superioribus plerumque breviter et abrupte
vel sensim acuminatis, eximie in spirocyclis primo arcte congestis, demum plus
minusve solutis dispositis ornata, minutissime tomentella, et insuper glandulis minimis
aspersa. Perianthium 6-lobum, ad loborum apices in cupulá inclusum. Styli basi
pubescentes.
At 8500 feet (Haviland, 1102).
Allied to C. sumatrana, A.DC., but distinct by the minute stellate tomentum, the
very coriaceous leaves and the turbinate cupula, which bears a spiral of bracts of 5-7
whorls, The largest cupula is about 7 lin. long and 4 lin. broad in the upper part;
when young the cupula is more cylindric, measuring 21 by 2 lin.
BURMANNIACE X.
BURMANNIA PAPILLOSA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba annua, chlorophyllo destituta, aphylla.
Caulis circa 3-pollicaris, simplex vel furcatus, basin versus squamis paucis
minutis obsitus, uniflorus, sub flore bibracteatus vel nudus ; bracteze lanceolate,
13 lin. longe, hyaline. Perigonii tubus 2 lin. longus, ovarium fere duplo superans,
trialatus, elis apice abrupte basin versus longe attenuatis, ad 2 lin. latis ; lobi exteriores
rotundati, obtusi, in margine et in dorso superne minutissime papillosi, 3 lin. longi
latique, inferiores 6-plo breviores, late rotundati, minutissime papillosi. Anthere
sessiles, transverse latiores ; connectivum apice in cristulas 2 ovatas vel rotundas
¿=>
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 233
fimbriato-denticulatas productum, basi brevissime calcaratum. ^ Ovarium 1 lin.
longum ; stylus cylindricus, apice breviter tribrachiatus, labio stigmatis infero intus
papilloso.
Penokok River, alt. 3200 feet (Haviland, 1329).
This species is evidently closely allied to Burmannia lutescens, Becc., and B. tridentata,
Becc. It differs, however, from the former in the shape of the flower, which is obovate, and
in the anthers, which are broader than long; from the latter by the presence of distinct
though very small inner perianth-lobes and the exceedingly short spur of the anthers.
BURMANNIA LONGIFOLIA, Beccari, Mal. i. 244, t. xiii. f. 1-5.
North-west face of Mount Kinabalu at 5000 feet (Low).
Distribution: Throughout Malaya, from Perak to North Borneo and New Guinea.
ORCHIDE.E.
(By H. N. Rrprzy, F.L.S.)
MICROSTYLIS CALOPHYLLA, Reichb. fil. in Gard. Chron. xii. (1879), 718.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland).
PLATYCLINIS GRANDIFLORA, Ridl.,n. sp. Rhizoma lignosum, fibrosum, radicibus crassis.
Pseudobulbi congesti, subteretes, 14 poll. longi. Folium 4 poll. longum, ¿ poll. latum,
lanceolatum, acutum, nervis 4 cum costá prominulá. Scapus gracilis, nutans, circiter
8 poll. longus. Flores subremoti, circiter 20, mediocres. Bracteæ } poll. long:e,
convolutz, late oblong, acute, ovariis cum pedicellis paulo breviores. Sepala
lanceolata, acuta, 2 poll. longa, lateralia obliqua. ^ Petala angustiora et breviora,
lanceolata, acuta. Labellum quadratum, angulis acutis, apiculatum, apiculo quam
anguli producti vix longiore, lamellis semicircularibus, crassis ad laminz basin, et
inter eas callo mammillari minus elevato instructum. Columna arcuata, processubus
linearibus e basi exortis.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland).
The flowers, which are apparently brown, are rather large and few for the genus.
PLATYCLINIS CORRUGATA, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma gracile, pseudobulbis ovoideo-globosis,
flavis, semi-pollicaribus, corrugatis dense tectum. Folium lineari-lanceolatum, sub-
acutum, petiolatum, lamina 2 poll. longa, + poll. lati, petiolo pollicari, nervis in lamin:e
dorso tribus elevatis. Scapus gracilis, S poll. longus, racemo subdenso, multifloro.
Flores parvi. Sepala ovata, caudata, 4 poll. longa. Petala lanceolata, acuminata, mi-
nora. Labellum cymbiforme, breve, tenue, si explanatum ovatum, acuminatum, lobis
lateralibus brevibus truncatis, et cum margine lobi medii denticulato. Callus in disco
carnosus, magnus, hippocrepiformis, paulo elevatus. Columna parva, brachiis parvis
oblongis truncatis e basi exortis, clinandrii margine brevi, integro, vix elevato. Rostel-
lum elongatum, suberectum, integrum, linguiforme. Columne venter infra stigma
protrusum.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland).
234 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
PLATYCLINIS STACHYODES, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma lignosum, pseudobulbis cylindrico-
conicis, arcte appressis, 1 poll. longis, 4 poll. crassis (exsiccatis). Folia linearia falcata,
coriacea, 5-nervia, striolata, 3 poll. longa, + poll. lata. Scapus gracilis, teres, 5-poll.
longus, superne racemosus. Racemus compactus, 2 poll. longus, multiflorus. Brac-
tese glumacez, ovate, 7-nerviee, acute, 4 poll. longs, ovaria superantes. Flores
minores. Sepala lanceolata, acuta, + poll longa. Petala subsimilia, latiora. Labellum
subeequilongum, lanceolatum, acutum, lobis lateralibus brevibus, subovatis, falcatis,
obtusis, irregulariter sinuoso-dentatis, lobo medio multo longiore, lanceolato, acuto ;
callus ad basin cuneato-quadratus, emarginatus, nervis elevatis 2 ex angulis in lami
nam extensis. Columna brevis, lata, margine clinandrii dorsali quadrato, elevato,
tridentato, brachiis lateralibus nullis. Rostellum semiovatum, crassum.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland).
An elegant little plant, with the large conspicuous bracts so common in the genus, and
a compact raceme, reminding one of an ear of wheat, whence the specific name.
DENDROBIUM KINABALUENSE, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma longe repens, ramosum, angu-
latum, gracile, radicibus paucis, teretibus, gracilibus, longis. Pseudobulbi 2 poll.
longi, quadrati, + poll. lati, 1 poll. dissiti. Folia solitaria, elliptica vel elliptico-ovata,
brevissime petiolata, obtusa, coriacea (sicca polita, striata), 2 poll. longa, fere 1 poll.
lata, vel minora. Racemus ex apice pseudobulbi exortus, brevis, 4 poll. longus.
Flores majusculi 2-3. Bracteze late lanceolate, 1 poll. longæ. Pedicelli # poll. longi,
graciles. Sepala lanceolata acuta, 2 poll. longa. Mentum breve, latum, + poll.
longum. Petala lanceolata, mucronata, sepalis minora. Labellum trilobum ; lobi
laterales lati, ł poll. longi, subfaleati, obtusi, lobus medius angustior, paulo longior ;
carina mediana paulo elevata, obtusa, abrupte in dimidio disci terminata, lamellis
brevibus duabus semicircularibus versus basin lobi medii. Coiumna longiuscula,
filamento longo, clinandrio profundo, ventre excavato. Capsula angusta, falcata,
13 poll. longa, costis sequalibus linearibus.
At 7000 feet; epiphytic ( Haviland).
This is quite an aberrant plant, with a branching stem, from which on one side rise
a number of distant short branches which represent the pseudobulbs, from the apex of
which arise the racemes. I think itis best referred to the section Sarcopodiwm at
present, but it differs much in habit from the others of this section.
BULBOPHYLLUM MONTENSE, hidl, n.sp. Rhizoma elongatum, gracile, tenue, internodiis
semipolliearibus oblongis, apicibus sursum curvatis. Folium in unoquoque inter-
nodio oblanceolatum, obtusum, petiolatum, apice emarginatum, ¿-1 poll. longum,
poll. latum. Scapi capillares, 13-2 poll. longi, e basibus internodiorum assurgentes.
Flores solitarii, terminales, pedicellis polliearibus, gracilibus. Ovaria perparva.
Sepalum posticum } poll. longum, ¿ poll. latum, lateralia paulo longiora et latiora,
oblongo lanceolata, acuta, 5-nervia, flava. Petala oblonga, obtusa, tenuia, vix } poll.
longa. Labellum linguiforme, carnosum, curvum, breve, exsiccando purpureum.
Columna pede elongato assurgente. Stelidia longa, subulata, acuta. Capsula (im-
matura) 3 poll. longa, obliqua.
AAA A TU
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 235
Epiphytic ; sepals and petals veined orange yellow; at 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1099).
This species with the next, belongs to a small series of very small plants characterized
by the moniliform rhizome, every node of which normally produces a single leaf, and at
intervals throws up a slender pedicel terminated by a single flower, the lateral sepals of
which are longer than the upper one.
Bulbophyllum striatellum, Ridl., belonging to the same section, has been unfortunately
somewhat confused with B. concinnum, Hook. fil., Ic. Pl. t. 2038, as by an accident the
stelidia in the diagram of its fertilization (Annals of Botany, iv. no. xv. pl. xxii.) have been
represented too long. The shape of the petals alone would show that the two plants are
utterly distinct. B. concinnum, Hook., belongs to the capitate group with distinct
pseudobulbs (B. leptanthum, Hook., &c.). B. striatellum resembles this group in its
vegetative organs, but is distinct in its single flower with oblong caudate sepals.
BULBOPHYLLUM CATENARIUM, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma ramosum, internodiis oblongis,
apicibus sursum curvatis, moniliforme, pallide viride. Folia erecta, + poll. longa,
i poll. lata, elliptica, obtusa, pallide virentia. Scapus filiformis, pollicaris, uniflorus.
Bractea minuta ovata. Pedicellus longus capillaris. Flos parvus, late expansus.
Sepalum posticum lanceolatum, obtusum, lateralia latiora, triente longiora, auran-
tiaca, rubro-striata. Petala lanceolata, trientem sepali postici :equantia, flava, linea
medianá rubra. Labellum breve, linguiforme, ovatum, acutum, carnosum, papillo-
sum, medio canaliculatum, atro-kermesinum, canaliculo obscuriore. Columna recta,
longiuscula, pede longo, apice sursum curvato, libero, roseo. Anthera depressa,
margine integro, papillosa. Stelidia longa, suberecta, dentiformia, acuminata, acuta.
Amongst wet mosses on shrubs and trees, alt. 6500 feet (Haviland, 1164).
Distribution: Malay Peninsula, on Mt. Bukit Hitam in the district of Selangor, at
2000 feet (Kelsall); in mangrove jungle at Kranji near Singapore.
This curious little species seems to have a wide distribution. I am quite unable to
distinguish between the Kinabalu plant and that of the Singapore mangrove swamps.
It is very abundant in the latter locality, but seldom flowers.
BULBOPHYLLUM CORIACEUM, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma crassum, lignosum, radicibus
crassis. Pseudobulbi nulli. Folia 13 poll. dissita, coriacea, crassa, oblongo-
lanceolata, 24 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata, petiolis ł poll. longis canaliculatis. Scapi
foliis approximati, 5 poll. longi, validi, basi vaginati, superne laxe racemosi. Flores
flavi, circiter 13, pro sectione magni. Bractez lanceolate, acute, 4 poll. longe,
quam pedicelli longiores. Sepalum posticum lanceolatum, acutum, lateralia sub-
similia, inferne prolongata, } poll. longa. Petala circiter dimidium sepali zequantia,
oblonga, uninervia. Labellum linguiforme, carnosum, obtusum, marginibus incras-
satis, canaliculo mediano, haud stipitatum. Columna pede recto, stelidiis triangu-
laribus lanceolatis, acuminatis.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1100). i ;
A stout but not very large plant, with larger flowers than in most species of the section.
BULBOPHYLLUM MONTIGENUM, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma crassum. Caules basi dilatati,
subbulbosi, breves, vaginis tecti, approximati. Folium oblongum, lanceolatum,
236 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
obtusum, petiolatum, 7 poll. longum, # poll. latum, petiolo 1 poll. longo. Scapus folio
approximato subzequilongus, gracilis, basi vaginis acuminatis pluribus fere pollicaribus,
superne laxe racemosus. Flores plures, dissiti, 4 poll. longi, pedicellis brevissimis.
Bracteze paleaces, pedicellis longiores. Sepala lanceolata, caudata, lateralia mentum
saccatum formantia. Petala carnosa, papillosa, sepalis multo breviora. Labellum
petalis zequilongum, oblongum, lanceolatum, obtusum, pubescens, margines basin
versus involuti, approximati. Columna minima, stelidiis dentiformibus.
At 6000 feet (.Haviland, 1252).
In this species the short stems on which the leaves are borne are slightly dilated, but
hardly form real pseudobulbs.
BULBOPHYLLUM BREVIFLORUM, hidl,n.sp. Rhizoma haud erassum, radicibus copiosis.
Folia approximata, ebulbosa, lineari-lanceolata, petiolata, obtusa, carinata, lamina 4
poll. longa, € poll. lata, petiolo bipollicari. Scapi debiles, pedales, graciles, a basi ad
dimidium compressi, vaginis apice acutis exceptis nudi, superne laxe racemosi.
Flores dissiti, parvi, eaduci. Bracteze lanceolate, acute, vix ;, poll. longe. Pedi-
celli $ poll. longi. Sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, $ poll. longa, posticum lanceolatum,
ovatum. Petala linearia, oblonga, dimidio sepalorum longiora. Labellum tenue,
oblongum, obtusum, petalis «equilongum, nervis tribus incrassatis, brevissime
stipitatum. Columna alis latis, apice stelidiis erectis, majusculis, lineari-lanceolatis.
Anthera subglobosa, breviter rostrata.
At 6000 feet (Haviland).
Another species of the Apod:e section, without any dilatation of the stem into pseudo-
bulbs, differing remarkably from all others in the very long slender scapes and the very
short-sepaled flowers. "The little flowers have the thin texture of the section, and are
apparently yellowish.
BULBOPHYLLUM ALTISPEX, Ridl., n. sp. Caulis ascendens, ramosus, radicibus tenuibus,
copiosis. Pseudobulbi subremoti, + poll. longi, cylindrici, vaginis striatis tecti.
Folia elliptica, obtusa, carinata, 4 poll. longa, + poll. lata, carnosa. Racemi brevissimi,
pauciflori, bracteis tecti. Flores parvi, rosacei. Bractes parvee, ovate. Sepalum
posticum oblongum, obtusum, + poll. longum, lateralia ovata, triangularia, subacuta,
multo latiora. Petala linearia, $ sepali equantia. Labellum linguiforme, marginibus
ad basin elevatis tenuibus, apice carnosulum, sepalis brevius, brevissime stipitatum.
Columnee stelidia securiformia, apicibus productis acuminatis, antheram obtusam
superantia.
Epiphytie. At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1143).
Flowers pinkish. Near B. capitatum, Lindl., but with blunter sepals and fewer flowers.
DENDROCHILUM CONOPSEUM, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma longum, pseudobulbis cylindricis,
remotis (1 poll. distantibus), pollicaribus. Folia elliptica, petiolata, 3 poll. longa,
& poll. lata, petiolo 4 poll. longo. Racemi graciles, rhachi tenui, 3-pollicares. Flores
perparvi,dissiti. Bractew ovate, acute, pedicellos sequantes. Sepala linearia, obtusa.
Petala subsimilia, angustiora. Labellum breve, vix 4 sepali equans, panduratum,
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 237
a basi ad medium inter carinas duas canaliculatum, apice ovatum. Columna brevis,
laciniis lateralibus e parte superiore longis, linearibus, incurvis.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet (Haviland).
Eria SCORTECHINIT, Stapf.—Syn. E. Kingii, Hook. fil Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 790; Ic. Pl.
t. 2066, non F. Muell.; £. major, Ridl. Caulis validus. Folia lineari-lanceolata,
| oblique acuta, acuminata, 15 poll. longa, ? poll. lata. Scapi plures (ad 12),
lanuginosi, validuli, bracteolis parvis, ovatis, reflexis. Flores parvuli, deflexi,
lanuginosi. Ovaria i poll. longa. Sepalum posticum oblongum, lateralia ovata,
lanuginosa. Petala linearia, glabra. Labellum ungue brevi calloso, lobis lateralibus
brevibus, dentiformibus, medio ovato subacuto, callo tuberculo medio; discus inter
lobos laterales carnosus, elevatus, lineá medianá depressá. Capsula pollicaris,
lanuginosa.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1250).
| Rather bigger than the Perak plant and with a slightly different lip, but apparently
| specifically the same.
ERIA GRANDIS, Ridl., n. sp. Caulis validus, $ poll. crassus. Folia inferiora vaginanti
superiora 18 poll. longa, ł poll. lata, linearia, acuminata, inszequaliter biloba, acuta,
coriacea, multicostata. Scapi ex axillis superioribus orti 8 poll. longi, foliis brevi-
ores, fere in totâ parte exsertá floriferi, rhachi lanuginosi. Bracteæ lanceolat:e,
acute, ł poll. long, glabre. Ovarium eum pedicello 4-1 poll. longum, lanugi-
nosum. Flores pro sectione magni. Sepalum posticum lanceolatum, 2 poll. longum,
lateralia ovata, acuta, latiora, mentum rotundatum formantia, alba, pubescentia.
Petala breviora 3%; poll. longa, ovata, lanceolata, tenuiora, glabra. ^ Labellum
roseum, saccatum, quam petala brevius, marginibus anticis incrassatis, lobo medio
brevissimo rostriformi. Columna rosea, majuscula, basi angusta, stelidiis erectis
latis, apicibus dilatatis, clinandrio profundo reclinato. Anthera globosa, dorso fissa,
emarginata. Stigma magnum, oblongum, callo parvo transverso ad basin column:e.
Very common on the ground under jungle, from 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1157).
'This plant is very remarkable on account of the curious saccate lip, something in the
shape of a coal-scuttle. The front edges at the entrance to the sac are thickened, and
just within them is on each side another thickened low ridge; the thickened edges are
continued into a short thick beak, which is all that represents the mid-lobe.
nr o
ERIA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Ridl., n. sp. Caulis bipollicaris, foliis distichis equitantibus
tectus. Folia subcoriacea, parte basali vaginante 2-3 poll. longa, lamina articulata
6-15 poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, lineari-acuminatá, apice valde inzequilobo, lobo uno
l-pollieari. Racemus brevior, vix 6 poll. longus, ex axilla folii superioris, multiflorus.
Flores parvi, glabri, pedicellis 2 poll. longis, minute et parce pubescentibus.
Bractese ovatee, reflexæ, } poll longs. Sepalum posticum oblongum, obtusum,
1 poll. longum, lateralia late ovata, 5-nervia, multo majora, $ poll. lata; mentum
. breve, latum. Petala ovata, subacuta, trinervia, dimidio sepali zequilonga. Label
| lum sepalo brevius, cymbiforme, lobis lateralibus triangularibus erectis, lobo medio
| longiore triangulari subobtuso, si explanatum rhomboideum, carinis 4, 2 interi-
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 21
238 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
oribus in lobo medio conjunctis, exterioribus crassioribus, sigmoideis, obscure
pustulosis. Columna brevis, marginibus versus basin incrassatis, papilla glandulosa
terminata, clinandrii marginibus anticis rotundatis.
At 6000 feet (Haviland).
A curious species, the affinity of which is not clear. The stem and foliage recall those
of Eria aeridostachya, but the glabrous flowers and short mentum make it very distinct.
The lip is boat-shaped, with little erect lobes. On the walls of the boat are two thick
sinuous ridges, thickest at the base, and on the terminal lobe, between them, in the middle
line, are a pair of less elevated ridges which meet and form one on the mid-lobe. - The
foot of the column is somewhat abruptly bent, and the edges are thickened to form two
ridges which end in a rounded glandular mamilla a little above the lip. It is probable
that these ridges excrete nectar, with which the boat-shaped portion of the lip is filled
during life.
ERIA FEROX, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. 184.
At 6000 feet (Haviland).
SPATHOGLOTTIS AUREA, Lindl., in Journ. Hort. Soc. v. (1850), 34.
Kinitaki River, alt. 4000 feet (Haviland, 1291).
NEPHELAPHYLLUM LATILABRE, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma ascendens, vaginis papyraceis
tectum. Folia ovato-cordata, petiolata, subacuta, 2 poll. longa, 12 poll. lata, petiolis
à poll. longis. Scapus bipollicaris, triflorus. Bracteze magne, papyracee, oblong,
i poll. long, pedicellis «quilonge. Sepala lanceolata acuta, 4 poll. longa, i poll.
lata. Petala linearia, subzequilonga. Labellum calcare brevi, recto, 2 poll. longo,
ungue oblongo, limbo late reniformi, emarginato, 2 poll. lato, in disco versus apicem
lineis tribus papillosis. Columna lata, basi attenuata. Anthera plana.
At 6500 feet (Haviland, 1165).
Lip pink-veined, with oblong orange centre.
This species is allied to N. pulchrum, Blume, but differs in the broad reniform end of the
lip, which has also three lines of small papille in the middle, increasing in size towards
the apex.
C@LOGYNE PAPILLOSA, Ridl., n. sp. Rhizoma lignosum, crassum; pseudobulbi elongati,
cylindrici, 3-pollicares. Folia lanceolata, longe petiolata, acuta, 7-nervia, 8 poll.
longa, 1 poll. lata, petiolo 3-pollicari. Scapus e pseudobulbo haud evoluto, foliis
partim evolutis, validulus, erectus, 15 poll. longus. Racemus flexuosus, 4 poll.
longus. Flores ad 6, mediocres, dissiti. Bracteze oblongze, ovatee, subacutee, 1 poll.
longz, $ poll. latae, striate (siccse brunnez), pedicello cum ovario paulo longiores.
Sepala lanceolata, $ poll. longa. Petala alba, subsimilia, angustiora. Labellum
oblongum, sepalis subzequilongum ; lobi laterales parvi, obtusi, vix distincti, medius
ovatus, disco dense papilloso, carinis sinuatis ad 9 inter lobos laterales. Columna
basi angusta, superne alis magnis, triangularibus, subacutis, clinandrium superan-
tibus. Anthera plana, ovata.
uil" o
.DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 239
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1098).*
The stiff, tall scape, with a few flowers at the apex, the short, papillose lip, and the large
bracts are peculiar marks of this species.
CALANTHE OVALIFOLIA, Ridl., n. sp. Folia late ovata, petiolata, acuta, lamina 9 poll.
longa, 5 poll. lata, glabra, petiolo 5 poll. longo. Scapus elatus 3-pedalis, pubescens ;
racemus multiflorus, laxus. Flores parvi. Bracteze lanceolat:e, acute, 4 poll. longe,
pubescentes. Pedicelli fere 1 poll. longi, pubescentes. Sepala ovata, reflexa, } poll.
longa, $ poll. lata, pubescentia. Petala obovata, spathulata, glabra. Labellum late
ovatum, integrum, sepalis subequilongum, ad basin lamellis duabus pubescentibus
instructum. Calcar sepalis brevius, vix 1 poll. longum.
Penokok River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland).
One of the very few species with entire lip.
CALANTHE PARVIFLORA, Lindl., in Paxt., Fl. Gard. iii. (1852-1853), 37. t. 61.
At 7000 feet (Haviland).
* Corolla white, lip with a central orange spot.”
This plant fits very well with the short description in the ‘Folia Orchidacea,' which
was based on a plant collected by Lobb in Java.
BROMHEADIA RIGIDA, Ridl., n. sp. Caulis validus, ultrapedalis. Folia subdisticha,
coriacea, linearia, obtusa, apice emarginato, 5 poll. longa, ¿ poli. lata, vaginis
teretibus, 3 poll. longis, ore integro. Flores terminales pauci in racemo brevissimo.
Bracteze magnee, late ovatee, coriacex, striatee, fere 3 poll. long. Pedicelli bracteis
eequilongi. Sepala lanceolata, acuta, 3 poll. longa. Petala breviora, paulo latiora-
Labellum trilobum, lobis lateralibus angustis, acutis, medio oblongo-obovato, margine
crispo, disco elevato trinervio. Columna erecta, gracilis, alata, clinandrii margine
sinuato. Rostellum planum, late semiovatum.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1251).
“ Sepals and petals exteriorly, column anteriorly with purple markings, lip with ill-
defined yellow centre.” A very distinct species, with stiff, narrow leaves. Most nearly
allied to an undescribed species from Mt. Ophir.
APPENDICULA CONGESTA, Ridl, n. sp. Caules 8 poll. longi, teretes. Folia tenuia, oblonga
obtusa, multinervia, apice inzequaliter bilobo, lobis obtusis, vaginis } poll. longis,
superne dilatatis, papyraceis, ore integro. Racemus terminalis, capituliformis,
compactus, } poll. longus, multiflorus. Bracteæ flabellate, fimbriatee, papyraceze,
pallide, 4 poll. longze et latee (superiores minores). Flores parvi. Sepala ovato-
lanceolata, acuta, lateralia mucronata, alba, exsiccando fasciá median’ rubra. Petala
angustiora et breviora, lanceolata, mucronulata. Labellum liberum, carnosum,
ovatum, acutum, sepalis brevius, disco elevato, hippocrepiformi, ad basin rubro, callo
parvo albo in apice labelli; calcar magnum, scrotiforme. Columna brevissima.
Anthera tenuis, lanceolata. Pollinia 6, elongata, clavata, tenuia, translucentia, disco
* From 8000 to 10,000 feet (Low).—SraPr.
212
240 DR. 0. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
tenui, cuneato, magno, apice emarginato, subtus ad apicem glandulá rubra, bicruri,
crassá instructo. Rostellum latum, tenue, oblongum, emarginatum. Stelidia acuta,
erecta, rostellum subzequantia, carnosa, rubra. Stigma latum.
Penokok River, alt. 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1302).
This is a very singular species, belonging to the series with strictly terminal inflores-
cence. The raceme forms a compact cone with large, pale, fimbriate bracts. The flowers
project but a short way, and appear to have been white with a median red bar on each
sepal and petal, and a red horseshoe-shaped patch on the lip. The pollinia, too, are very
curious; they are 6 in number, very slender, and fixed in the middle of a thin-textured
dise, very large in proportion to them; at the end of this disc is a A-shaped, thick, red,
gland-like body, which doubtless serves to attach it to the head of the fertilizing insect.
HABENARIA BORNEENSIS, Ridl., n. sp. Caulis 2-pedalis, undique foliatus. Folia ad 10,
dissita, lanceolata, acuminata, cauli appressa, vaginantia, 1-13 poll. longa, ¿ poll. lata.
Racemus laxus vel congestus, multiflorus, bracteis ovaria «equantibus, lanceolatis,
acuminatis, 4 poll. longis, fere } poll. latis. Flores mediocres, virides. Sepalum
posticum lanceolatum, 1 poll. longum, erectum, lateralia lanceolata, obtusa, deflexa.
Petala erecta, lanceolata, sepalo postico breviora et angustiora. Labellum lineare,
carnosum, integrum, 2 poll. longum, ad basin lobis erectis, minutis, triangularibus.
Calcar æquilongum, teres, obtusum, pendulum. Columna lobis stigmaticis, brevibus,
rotundatis. Antherarum apices haud producti. Pollinia elongata, piriformia, pedi-
cello tenui, disco ovato.
At 10,000 feet ( Haviland).
. One of the very few simple-lipped Asiatic Habenarias. The two little erect processes
at the extreme base of the lip, however, doubtless represent the lateral lobes.
SCITA MINE.
ALPINIA, sp. aff. A. mutica, Roxb. |
At 5000 feet ( Haviland, 1933).
This is probably a new species, but the specimen is too young for description.
HAMODORACEA.
ALETRIS FOLIOLOSA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba 11-2 ped. alta, glaberrima, rhizomate brevi.
Folia numerosa, ad scapi basin densissime conferta, lineari-lanceolata, 11—3 poll.
longa, basi 2-3$ lin. lata, longe tenuiterque acutata, plana vel subplicata vel
marginibus involutis, seepe leviter recurva, basi et ssepe superne distincte nervosa,
9-ll-striata. Seapus 1-14 ped. altus, foliis 15-20 anguste linearibus vel filiformibus,
4—2 lin. longis, basi gibbosis, bracteiformibus obsitus, in racemum 3-43 poll. longum
abiens; bractez filiformi-lineares, 21-11 lin. longze ; pedicelli ad medium vel paulo
supra bracteolá brevi obsiti, 4-2 lin. longi. Perianthium albidum, tubuloso-
campanulatum, ad medium ovario adnatum, 6-fidum ; lobi subeequales, subspathu-
lato-lineares vel lineares, 15-1? lin. longi. Filamenta basi lobis adnata, iisque
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 241
dimidio breviora; anthere purpurem. Ovarium semi-inferum, parte liberá fere 1 lin,
altá; stylus ¿-1 lin. longus, subtenuis ; stigma distincte incrassatum. Capsula 2-21
lin. longa. Semina lineari-oblonga, tenuiter striata, vix 4 lin. longa.
Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet: Temburungo, alt. 7700 feet (Haviland, 1125 a, 1125 b).
Distribution: Malaya, Sumatra, North Borneo.
Well marked by the very numerous, densely crowded, and comparatively short leaves,
and the numerous reduced leaves on the scape. It was collected by Beccari also in
Sumatra on Mt. Singalan (no. 167).
ALETRIS RIGIDA, Stapf, n. sp. Herba 5-7 poll. alta, glaberrima, rhizomate brevi. Folia
| numerosa, ad scapi basin densissime conferta, linearia vel lineari-lanceolata, 1-2 poll.
| longa, basi 13-1 lin. lata, longe acutata, plana vel subplicata vel marginibus
involutis, rigide erecta, crassiuscula, basi exceptá subenervia. Scapus 3-5 poll. altus,
rigidus, foliis bracteiformibus 2 lanceolato-lineari-subulatis 4-6 lin. longis obsitus, in
racemum 2-1 poll. longum abiens; bracteæ lanceolato-lineares, 4-2 lin. longe;
pedicelli brevissimi, basi bracteolá brevi iis longiore obsiti. Perianthium albidum,
tubuloso-campanulatum, ad medium ovario adnatum, 6-fidum; lobi lineares vel
lineari-oblongi, 1-13 lin. longi. Filamenta lobis basi adnata iisque dimidio breviora.
Ovarium semi-inferum, parte liberà vix 3 lin. alta, deinde magis protrusá; stylus
brevis, crassiusculus, $ lin. longus; stigma paulo incrassatum. Semina lineari-
oblonga, tenuiter striata, vix 4 lin. longa.
From 8000 to 11,000 feet (Low); in open damp places at 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1125 c).
Closely allied to 4. foliolosa, but distinct by the rigid habit, the few reduced leaves on
the scape, and somewhat smaller flowers, with a shorter and stouter style.
IRIDE.E.
PATERSONIA Lowir, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XX. B. 7-9.) Planta 8-12 poll. alta. Caulis
brevissimus. Folia circiter 12 cum scapo quoque, equitantia, linearia, longiora,
7-11 poll. longa, 13-13 lin. lata, acutissima, planissima, rigida, in marginibus
brevissime scarioso-fimbriata, glaberrima, tenuiter sed distincte multistriata. Scapus
4—6 lin. longus, fere ad inflorescentiam folii intimi vagina amplexus. Spathe 2,
subzsequales, lineari-oblongze, acute, 13 poll. longer, 2 lin. late, striate, late scarioso-
marginate. Bracteæ spathis similes, angustiores brevioresque, in carina dorsali plus
minusve scarioso-fimbriatule, interdum unà alteráve diminutá vacuá additá. Peri-
eonii tubus gracillimus, 11 lin. longus, vix exsertus; lobi exteriores elliptico-obovati,
5—7 lin. longi, circa 4-5 lin. lati, ut videtur, ceerulei vel purpurei, interiores nulli (?).
| Filamenta in tubum integrum connata; antheræ 1% lin. longæ. Stylus superne
| sensim pauloque incrassatus ; lobi stigmatici obovato-spathulati, minute crenulati.
j North-west face of Mount Kinabalu, alt. 5000 feet (Low); Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet
| ( Haviland, 1259).
I find it very difficult to point out the -affinity of this if compared with the
Australian species. It may, perhaps, be considered as linked with P. glauca, R. Br., by
way of the species next to be described.
eee eee
(e X .
242 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
PATERSONIA BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl XX. a. 1-6.) Planta 13-21 ped. alta.
Caulis brevissimus. Folia circiter 10-12 cum scapo quoque, eximie disticha,
equitantia, linearia, longiora, ad 2 ped. alta, ad 3 lin. lata, «equaliter acutata,
planissima, rigida, glaberrima, in marginibus levia et subincrassata, tenuiter sed
distincte striata. Scapus foliis «equilongus vel paulo brevior, in tertiá parte
superiore nudus. Spath:e 2 lineari-oblongee, acutee, striatze, scarioso-marginatee, 5-6-
flore, inferior 16-18 lin. longa, 22-3 lin. lata, superior 18-22 lin. longa, internodio
distincto separata. Bractez spathis consimiles, paulo longiores, longe tenuiterque
acuminatee, scariose. — Perigonii tubus gracillimus, 1 poll. longus, breviter exsertus ;
lobi exteriores, elliptico-oblongi, albi, purpureo-suffusi, 8 lin. longi, 4 lin. lati,
interiores nulli. Filamenta in tubum integrum connata; anthere 2 lin. longe.
Stylus superne sensim leviterque incrassatus; lobi stigmatici obovato-oblongi,
margine papilloso-fimbriati. Capsula inter bracteas sessilis, $ poll. longa; valve
styli residuis caudate. Semina ellipsoidea, 1 lin. longa, nigra, nitidissima.
Temburungo, alt. 7700 feet (Haviland, 1179).
Allied to the preceding species, but much taller and with a somewhat different foliage.
I have not seen the slightest trace of the inner row of segments in the perianth. The
structure of the spikes, which are few-flowered riphidia, is the same which is typical for a
great number of Iridez, and amongst them for Sisyrinchium, to which Patersonia
approaches indeed closely in more than one respect.
LILIACE.JE.
SMILAX LEVIS, Wall. Cat. 5116; A. DC. Monogr. i. 56.
At 7800 feet (Haviland, 1145).
Distribution: Malaya, in the Peninsula as far as Penang, North Borneo; China.
SMILAX ODORATISSIMA, Blume, Enum. 19.
Dahombang River, alt. 3000 feet (Haviland, 1293).
Distribution: Malaya, from Java to the Philippines; on the mainland to Burma and
the Sikkim Himalaya.
I include also jS. aspericaulis, Wall., in this species, as the differential characters
indieated by A. De Candolle do not prove trustworthy if tried with the material of
S. aspericaulis preserved at Kew. From the Philippines I have seen a form with
emarginate leaves. It was collected in North Luzon (Vidal, 1434).
SMILAX LEUCOPHYLLA, Blume, Enum. 18, 4. et c.
At 5500 feet (Haviland, 1226).
Distribution: Throughout Malaya, from the Peninsula to the Philippines and the
Moluccas; Cochin-China.
DIANELLA ENSIFOLIA, Redouté, Lil. t. 1.
At 8000 feet (Burbidge); Maripari Spur, alt. 5500 feet and 7500 feet (Haviland,
1156, 1260).
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 243
Distribution: Tropical Himalaya from Nepal eastward, Khasia Hills, Munipore, and
Burma ; Ceylon; Malaya to the Pacific; Mascarenes. |
Burbidge’s specimen represents the caulescent form with leaves 1 inch broad and
glaucous, whilst Haviland's specimens possess leaves not more than 2-31 lin. broad and
a much shortened stem. In no. 1156 (from an elevation of 7500 feet) the leaves are all
basal except two very reduced ones on the scape; in the other specimen there are three
distinet internodes visible, the middle one measuring 7 lines in length. Different as
the habit of both forms may appear at the first glance, it is evident from the rich
material which is preserved at Kew that both are only different states of one species.
It seems that the young branches, which always begin with a “ rosette ” of basal leaves,
produce flowers sometimes in the first season, but more often in the second, when the
stem has grown out and the leaves are separated by internodes from 1 to 1 inch,
PALMA.
Palms are repeatedly mentioned by the travellers, but there is not a single specimen
in the Herbarium except an incomplete one of what I take to be a Pinanga, collected
by Lobb on the lower Tampassuk. Several species are grown near the Dusun
houses, according to Mr. Burbidge, who mentions specially Cocos nucifera, Linn.,
Pinanga sp., Areca sp., and Oncosperma filamentosum, Blume. Another species of 4reca
is stated by him to be wild, to measure about 10 feet in height, and to produce clusters
of red fruits about 4 feet above the ground. * Rotang palms” seem to be common
throughout the jungle of both mountain regions. Mr. Burbidge figured two of them
one apparently a true Calamus and the other a Korthalsia, with the foliage so charac-
teristic of this genus. The latter was observed near Koung.
AROIDELE.
GAMOGYNE BURBIDGEI, N. E. Brown in Journ. Bot. xx. (1882) 195.
In a ravine near Pakapaka (Burbidge).
Distribution: North Borneo (Burbidge).
ERIOCAULACES.
ERIOCAULON HooKERIANUM, Stapf, n. sp. Caulis perbrevis. Folia densissime congesta,
e basi latiore linearia, 11-3 poll. longa, basi 2 lin., rarius ad 3 lin. lata, brevissime
acutata vel obtusa, rigidula, erecta vel subfalcatim recurvata, vix pellucida (nisi in
statu juvenili vel emarcida), tenuiter fenestrata, nervis circa 19. Scapus 5-7 poll.
longus, sulcatus. Capitula 3 lin. dimetiens. Bracteæ involucrantes rotundatee
vel late ovato-rotundate, scariosve, glabre, demum ex apice varie lacere; bracteze
interiores late obovato-cuneatee, obtusissimee, czeruleo-cinerez, dorso sub apice albo-
pilose, 14 lin. longæ. Receptaculum villosum. Flores utriusque sexus mixti. Flos
masculus: Perianthium biseriatum 3-merum; segmenta seriei exterioris a dorso
compresse antice libera, ceeterum ad 4 connata, obovata, albo-pilosa, 1 lin. longa;
segmenta seriei interioris exteriore paulo longioris stipitatee tubuloso-campanulate
albee insequalia, oblonga, sub apice glandulá nigrá notata, intermedium ¿ lin. longum,
lateralibus vix duplo majus. Stamina 6; filamenta alternatim longiora. Ovarii
244. DR. O, STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
rudimentum 3-lobum, nigrum. Flos femineus: Perianthium exterius segmentis
distinetis spathulato-cuneatis, superne navicularibus, apice pilosis, 13 lin. longis,
interius stipite nudo distans segmentis albis spathulatis dense albo-villosis, glandulá
nigrà notatum. Ovarium sessile; styli exserti. Semen ellipsoideum vel subglobosum,
2 lin. longum.
Maripari Spur, from 5000 to 5500 feet (Low, Burbidge; Haviland, 1153); Tembu-
rungo, from 7500 to 7700 feet (Haviland, 1153 (bis), 1204).
Distribution: North Borneo ; Tonkin (?).
Closely allied to Eriocaulon subcaulescens, Hook. fil., from Ceylon, but differing in the
very short stem, the generally broader leaves, which are also more rigid and obtuse, in
the darker heads, the less copious indumentum of the bracts and flowers, and the less
unequal lobes of the inner male perianth, which does not very much exceed the outer, by
which it is enveloped almost entirely. This is also compressed from the back and slit to the
base in front, but otherwise connate to 4 at least. The specimens collected on Kinabalu
are all very uniform, but those of Balansa from l'Ile Verte, east of the bay of Fi-Tsi-Long
in Tonkin (246), have somewhat larger heads, a more copious indumentum, and a longer
middle lobe in the inner male perianth, thus approaching FE. subcaulescens, and I am
not quite sure whether it can really be referred to E. Hookerianum. On the other hand, a
specimen collected by Beccari in Sarawak (2420) agrees perfectly with the Kinabalu plant.
CYPERACEZ.
SCIRPUS INUNDATUS, Sprengel, Syst. i. 207.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1397).
Distribution: North Borneo; Australia from Queensland to Tasmania ; Norfolk Island ;
New Zealand.
SCIRPUS CLARKEI, Stapf, n. sp. Ceespitosus, 4—2 ped. altus, gracilis. Rhizoma breve,
dense fibrosum, culmos numerosos, dense fasciculatos, edens. Culmi 3-2 ped. alti,
teretes, sulcato-striati, tenues, crassiores, vix, + lin. dimetientes, ad 2-4 poll. vaginati.
. Folia inferiora ad vaginas tenuiter striatas, fuscescentes, arcte culmo adpressas, oblique
truncatas, mucrone 3-12 lin. longo superatas redacta, summum interdum longe
vaginans laminá subulatá 3-1 poll. longá, plus minusve plicatá, marginibus serrato-
denticulatis. Spiculz solitaria, oblongse, lineares, 3-4 lin. longæ, pauci- vel ad
8-floræ ; bracteze paucee (interdum 5), infimee vacuse, ceetere fertiles. Bractea infima
a ceeteris internodio distincto remota, late rotundata, in mucronem brevem viridem in
margine scabrum excurrens, sequentes inter se «equales, ovato-oblongze, 14-12 lin.
longee, obtuse vel subobtusze, muticz, pallide castaneze, carinatee, cariná viridi.
Perianthii setze tenuissime, flexuosze, 1-14 lin. longæ, breviter parceque papillosee, 6
(an semper?). Stamina 3; filamenta linearia, lj lin. longa; anthers vix 3 lin.
iong:, in floribus superioribus plus minusve redactee. Stylus in floribus inferioribus
ad i-i, in superioribus ultra medium in ramos 3 stigmatosos, filiformes fissus.
Caryopsis cinereo-fusca, obovato-oblonga vel oblonga, ad 1 lin. longa, apice subito
. apieulata, dorso convexa, leviter carinata, facie subplana.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1398).
|
|
|
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 245
Allied to Scirpus subcapitatus, Thw., but distinct by the very slender habit, the more
advanced development of the lamina of the leaves, and spikelets always solitary, with
rather obtuse bracts. It approaches very closely certain Chinese specimens which
probably belong to S. subcapitatus, the fruit of which, however, is still unknown,
particularly one from the lower Yang-tse-Kiang (Maries), and also a specimen collected
by Beccari on Mt. Singalan in Sumatra (no. 276). However, the latter is much stouter,
and the bracts of the spikelets are longer and more acute. Mr. C. B. Clarke considers
it to be also a form of S. subcapitatus.
SCHENUS APOGON, Roemer et Schultes, Syst. ii. 77.—Syn. Chetospora imberbis, R. Brown,
Prodr. 233; S. Brownii, Hook. fil. Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 298; Bentham and F. Mueller,
Fl. Austral. vii. 373.
In crevices of rocks from 11,000 to 13,000 feet (Haviland, 1395, 1396; Low at
9000 feet).
Distribution: From Queensland to Tasmania ; North Borneo ; Loo-Choo Islands.
SCHENUS MELANOSTACHYUS, R. Brown, Prodr. 231.
Maripari Spur, at 5500 feet ( Haviland, 1407). :
Distribution: Queensland to New South Wales; West Australia (?) ; North Borneo.
CLADIUM BORNEENSE, C. B. Clarke, n. sp. ©.“ culmis robustioribus, teretibus; foliis sub-
nullis, paniculá oblongá, densá, spiculis composite fasciculatis ; pistillo juniore ellip-
soideo-trigono, rostro ovoideo-conico, glabro, stylo 3-fido. Rhizoma repens, 4 mm. in
diam., ligneum. Culmi metrales, 3 mm. in diam., nisi basi nudi. Vagina summa 1 din.
longa, in altero latere 1-4 em. lanceolato-producta. Panicula 6 em. longa, 2 cm.
lata; rami approximati, em anfractuosim flexuosi, subereeti, minute scabridi ;
bractea ima vix vaginata, cum 3-2 parte paniculee subzquilonga. Spicule 6 mm.
longze, fusce brunnes, sub Beli) Glume undique imbricatz, ovato-oblonge,
l-nerviæ, minute scabro-puberule; 3 ime vacuæ, apice obtusw, subaristellate,
quarta perfecta, nucifera, cum imis «equilonga, vix aristellata, summa angustior,
obtusa, vacua. Sete 3, minute, ovate. Stamina 3; anthere lanceolato-cristate.
Stylus linearis, glaber ; rami 3 lineares.”
At 5000 feet (Low).
Distribution: North Borneo [plains near Tamparluli, in moist places (Burbidge) |.
“Species C. vaginali proxima, sed inflorescentia fere Cladii Fautherie; etiam a
C. teretifolio, R. Br., parum distat."
CLADIUM SAMOENSE, C. B. Clarke, n. sp.—Syn. Vincentia latifolia, Nad. Pl. Tahiti, 34 (?),
non Kunth. C.“ paniculá laxiusculá; spiculis atr orubris ; glumis minute scabro-pube-
rulis; stylo 3-fido; nuce triquetrá, in stipite lineari-obconico sustentá, rostro cum nuce
equilongo, scabro-pilosulo. Characteres sectionis P'incentie. Culmus 6 dm. longus.
Folia 12 mm. lata. Panicula 2 dm. longa, fere 1 dm. lata ; ramuli seabro-pilosuli.
Spicule 4-5 mm. longe. Filamenta cum stylis exserta. Nux vix alata; stipes
. nuce propria muito brevior, obpyramidalis.”
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 9x
246 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
Maripari Spur, at 5500 feet (Haviland, 1406) ; at 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1405).
Distribution: Polynesian Islands (Viti, Samoa, Tahiti).
* In exemplo Bidwellii, planta major, panicula magis evoluta, nux non maturata."
[NorE.—Mr. Clarke distinguishes a variety “uniseta; setá unica, cum $ parte nucis
subsequilongá, filiformi, levi, rubrá.” The Borneo specimens possess a similar, but pale
seta; their nuts, however, are more elongate in all parts.—0O. STAPF. |
CAREX RARA, Boott, Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 139.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1393).
Distribution: East Himalaya and Khasia Hills ; Ceylon.
A very closely allied species, C. capillacea, Boott, is found in the Sikkim and Bhotan
Himalaya, in Manchuria, Japan, and in New South Wales.
CAREX FUSIFORMIS, Nees, ex Wight, Contr. 128.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1404).
Distribution : Temperate Himalaya, from Sikkim to Kumaon.
CAREX HYPSOPHITA, Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 354.
At 10,000 feet (Haviland, 1403).
Distribution: Malaya, from Sumatra to Java.
CAREX FILICINA, Nees, ex Wight, Contr. 123.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1402).
Distribution: Himalaya and Khasia Hills; S.W. Deccan and Ceylon ; Malaya.
GRAMINEA,
IsacHNE KUNTHIANA, Nees, ex Wight & Arnott, Cat. n. 1659.—Syn. Panicum Kunthianum,
Wight & Arnott ex Steud., Syn. Gram. 96.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1408).
Distribution : Ceylon and S.W. Deccan; Malaya.
OPLISMENUS COMPOSITUS, Beauv., Agrost. 54.
Dahombang River, at 3000 feet (Haviland, 1409).
Distribution : As a weed, widely spread throughout the Tropics,
MISCANTHUS SINENSIS, Andersson in Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Fórhand. Stockholm, 1855,
p. 166.
At 5000 feet ( Low).
Distribution: China to Tonkin and to Corea; Loo-Choo Islands and Bonin Isl. to
Japan.
AGROSTIS CANINA, Linn. Spec. Plant ed. I. 62.
—— Var. BORNEENSIS, Stapf, n. var. Culmi longe ascendentes, ad sel ultra paniculam
- laxe vaginati, Panicula contracta, 2 poll. longa, atropurpurea, folio summo supe-
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 247
rata; rami ramulique fere leves. Glumz vacuæ subæquales, 15713 lin. longee,
florens 1 lin. longa, rigidior, ex medio vel paulo supra aristata; arista 12 lin. longa.
At 18,000 feet (Haviland, 1399).
Distribution (of species): Europe, with the exception of the Mediterranean province ;
Caucasus and N.E. Asia Minor; Southern Siberia to Kashmir and Sikkim: North
America from Greenland to the North-eastern States; Aleutian Islands to Sitka;
Falkland Islands and Southern Patagonia; New Zealand and Campbell Island.
I have very carefully compared this grass with the numerous varieties of Agrostis
canina, but I have not been able to identify it exactly with any one of them. It
certainly approaches nearest the variety which was originally described as 4. falklandica
by Sir J. Hooker, and a form collected by Colenso in New Zealand (no. 4142), so far as
the general habit is concerned. But it has decidedly larger spikelets, with a more rigid
flowering glume than the former, whilst the awnless spikelets of the latter are 2 lin.
long. The form found in the Sikkim Himalaya deviates more in the habit and in the
small awnless flowering glume.
DEYEUXIA EPILEUCA, Stapf, n. sp. (Pl. XX. c. 10-16.) Gramen perenne, ceespitosum,
13-2 poll. altum. Culmi floriferi atque innovationes intravaginales basi arcte vagi-
nati, illi (lemum quidem) a medio vel ultra nudi, hee minute pubescentes. Foliorum
vagina glabra, prominenter striata, ligula obsoleta, lamina linearis plana vel in statu
juvenili vel humefacta plicata, 3-12 poll. longa, 1-2 lin. lata, obtusiuscula, in mar-
ginibus scabridula, supra albo-glauca, subtus pallide viridis, vix glaucescens, prseter
nervum medium carinatim prominentem nervis utrinque 3-4 plus minusve prominulis
percursa. Panicula parva, oblongo-ovata, 3-6 lin. longa, vix 3 lin. lata vel anguste
contracta; ramuli breves, pauciflori, stricti, dense hispiduli; pedicelli interdum
brevissimi. Spicule 1-floree; rhachilla glabra ultra florem in setam glabram strictam
i lin. longam producta. Glume vacue 2, ovatz, a latere compresse, carinat:e,
acute, in cariná hispidulz vel glabratee, nervis lateralibus abbreviatis, seepe indis-
tinctis, utrinque 1, rarius 2, superior paulo longior, j-$ lin. longa; florens oblique
oblonga, 1 lin. vel paulo ultra longa, obtuse subcarinata, levissima, subcartilaginea,
trinervis, nervis lateralibus sub margine paulo inflexo fere ad apicem ductis, s:epe
nervulis tenuissimis, utrinque 1, interjectis. Palea «sequilonga obtuse subcarinata,
levissima, dorso profunde sulcata. Lodicule 2 ad medium connatz, æquales vel
subzequales, ovario paulo breviores. Stamina 3; anther: vix $ lin. longee. Ovarium
ovoideum ; styli breves, distincti; stigmata plumosa. Caryopsis oblonga, subobliqua,
gluma paleáque inclusa, libera, $ lin. longa; hilum basale, obliquum.
At 10,5000 feet (Haviland, 1401).
This is a very marked species, the affinity of which lies rather with some Australian
species than with any others, though it is far from being closely connected. "The general
habit is like that of dwarf specimens of D. minor, Benth., but the glumes are smaller and
much less acute, the flowering glume is firmer and awnless, and the rhachis distinctly
produced. The spikelets come, perhaps, nearer to those of D. Gunniana, Benth., but this
is a very delicate and probably annual grass with setaceous leaves, iud
K
248 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU,
DESCHAMPSIA FLEXUOSA, Trinius, in Bull. Sc. Acad. Petersb. i. (1836), 66.
var. LIGULATA, Stapf, n. var. Folia rigidiora, crassiora; ligulæ foliorum intermedi-
orum 2-4 lin. longe, albo-scariosze, tenues, fere ad basin bifidee.
At 13,000 feet (Haviland, 1400).
Distribution (of species): Europe from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean Sea and to
the Caucasus; North America from Greenland to Canada and the Northern United
States; Falkland Islands and Magellan Strait.
A specimen from Baie Francaise, in the Falkland Islands, comes nearer to this variety
than any other specimen I have seen. The leaves measure over 3 lin. in diameter, but
their anatomical structure is exactly of the same type as that of the common form with
setaceous leaves. The difference is due to the enlargement of the cells, whilst the greater
stiffness is caused by the stronger development of the subepidermal layer of sclerenchyma.
The awn is straight in the Kinabalu specimens, but they are still young; and the awns
of typical D. flexuosa may also be found to be so in this state.
SCHIZOSTACHYUM BLUMI1, Nees, Agr. Bras. 535 (?).
Tawaran, at 1600 feet (Haviland, 1387).
Distribution: Malaya, from Java to Borneo.
The specimen is too imperfect to make the determination perfectly safe. It seems,
however, to be certainly identical with specimens collected by Motley near Banjermassin.
One of these was named S. brachycladum by Munro in MSS.; but he added “ very near
S. Blumei,” and then * S. Blumei ?," and I cannot distinguish it from the present species.
But these specimens, again, are not in a sufficiently perfect condition for settling the
question.
DINOCHLOA (?), sp.
Penokok River, 3000 feet (Haviland, 1390).
The flowers are too young for description, but the plant has perfectly the appearance
of D. Tjankorreh, Buese, with the exception that the spikelets are larger and each
cluster is supported by a bract of almost equal length.
CONIFERJE.
DACRYDIUM ELATUM, Wallich, Cat. 6045 ; Endlicher, Conif. 226.
At 6,600 feet ( Haviland, 1183).
Distribution : Malaya, from the Peninsula and Sumatra to Borneo; Cambodja.
DACRYDIUM, n. sp., aff. D. elato, Wallich.
Small tree with pendulous branchlets, when young; from 8000 to 11,000 feet ( Low).
A very characteristic species with long pendulous branchlets, with the leaves about
$in. in diameter. The densely crowded leaves are erect, but slightly curved outwards
and # in. long and ¿lin. broad. They are triangular in transverse section, with a
distinct keel on the back and a faintly raised middle nerve above, and they terminate
with a hard and sharp mucro. The specimens have neither flowers nor fruits,
La
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 249
PHYLLOCLADUS HYPSOPHYLLA, Hooker fil. Ic. Pl 889.
A tree 10-30 feet high at lower elevations, from 8000 to 10,000 feet (Low); a shrub
from 10,000 to 12,000 feet (Haviland, 1092).
Distribution: North Borneo; New Guinea. This species was found also on Lobong
Peak, N.E. Borneo, at 4000 feet, by Lobb, and in Sarawak by Beccari (no. 2391, 3220).
PODOCARPUS CUPRESSINA, R. Brown, ex Mirbel in Mém. Mus. Par. xiii. 75.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1094).
Distribution: Malaya, from the Peninsula and Sumatra to the Philippines; Hainan ;
North Burma; New Caledonia and Viti Isl. (?).
The locality where Griffith collected the plant is near the serpentine mines south of
the Hoo-Koom Valley, between 1600 and 2600 feet. The New Caledonian specimens are
not quite complete and may perhaps belong to another species.
PoDOCARPUS NERIIFOLIA, D. Don, in Lamb. Pin. edit. I. p. 122, et 3, p. 74; Hooker fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. v. 649.
var. BREVIFOLIA, Stapf, n. var. Folia densissima, 1-11 poll. longa, 2-3 lin. lata.
Amenta mascula solitaria. Fructus ovoideus, 5 lin. longus, receptaculum bracteis
anguste ovatis integris suffultum «equans.
From 17,000 to 12,000 feet (Low, $; Haviland, 1093, 3).
Distribution (of species) : Malaya, from the Peninsula and Sumatra to the Philippines ;
Tropical Himalaya and Khasia Hills; Indo-China; Central China and Japan.
I have not been able exactly to match the present form, which comes nearest to the
one described as Podocarpus polystachya by R. Brown, and merged by Sir J oseph Hooker
in P. neriifolia. It is probably an alpine state of P. polystachya, with a stunted habit
owing to an elevated and exposed locality.
FILICES. (By J. G. BAKER.)
GLEICHENIA CIRCINATA, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 165; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. ed. II. 11.
At 5000 to 6000 feet (Burbidge) ; at 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1483).
Distribution: From Australia and New Zealand to Malacca and the Philippines.
CvarHEA HAVILANDII, Baker, n. sp. (37 *). Stipites validi, paleis lanceolatis copiosis
brunneis crispatis ad apicem preediti. Lamina oblongo-lanceolata, tripinnatifida,
subcoriacea, glabra, bipedalis, 9-12 poll. lata, infra in pinnularum costis dense
paleacea ; rhachis valida, paleacea ; pinnæ sessiles, oblongo-lanceolatze, inferiores
numerosee, 5-6 poll. longze, 2 poll. latze, infime haud reducte; pinnule pluri mæ
confertze, lanceolatee, sessiles, inferiores profunde pinnatifidee, segmentis tertiariis
lineari-oblongis, erecto-patentibus ; venulze simplices 4-5-jugze, erecto-patentes. Sori
in pinnularum costis uniseriati. Indusium firmum, cupulatum, persistens, glabrum, `
ore truncato.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1485).
A very distinct species, most resembling in texture and final segments the American
Alsophila pruniata. |
* The numbers attached to the new Ferns indicate their position according to the sequence of species followed in
Hooker & Baker, ‘Synopsis Filicum.”
250 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
CYATHEA POLYPODA, Baker, n. sp. (38). Lamina ampla, subtripinnata, utrinque viridis,
glabra, infra paleis copiosis albidis ovatis convexis, preesertim in segmentorum costis,
prodita; rhachis nuda, inermis; pinne oblongo-lanceolatz, sesquipedales, 4-5 poll.
latee ; pinnule lanceolate, pinnarum apice excepto distincte petiolatze, inferiores
2-21 poll. long:e, 6 lin. latee, pæne ad costam pinnate; segmenta tertiaria oblonga,
integra, obtusa, 11-2 lin. lata ; ven: 7-8-jugse, venulis profunde furcatis. Sori inter
segmentorum costam et marginem mediales. — Indusium cupulatum, parvum,
glabrum.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1479).
Near Cyathea integra, J. Sm., a native of Amboina and the Philippine Islands.
ALSOPHILA LATEBROSA, Hooker, Spec. Fil. i. 37; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 48.
Thirty feet high, common at 2000 feet (Low).
Distribution: Common almost throughout India proper and Malaya to Formosa.
HYMENOPHYLLUM DILATATUM, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 147; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 62.
From 5000 to 7000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution : From New Zealand and Polynesia to Penang, Tonkin, and the Philippines.
HYMENOPHYLLUM NErsir Hooker, Spec. Fil. i. 99; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 76.
Without precise locality (Low, Burbidge).
TRICHOMANES DIGITATUM, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 370; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 76.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya; Polynesia; Mascarenes.
TRICHOMANES PALLIDUM, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 225; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 80.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Ceylon; Malaya; Queensland ; Samoa.
TRICHOMANES FILICULA, Bory, in Duperrey's Voy. Bot. 283; Hooker & Baker, Syn.
Fil. 81.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Widely spread throughout the Tropics of the Old World, and in
Polynesia.
TRICHOMANES MICROCHILUM, Baker, n. sp. (49). Rhizoma filiforme, late repens. Stipites
graciles, nudi, erecti, 14-2 poll. longi, sursum anguste alati. Lamina oblongo-
lanceolata, glabra, decomposita, 3—4 poll. longa; rhachis ad basin anguste alata;
pinnz sessiles, inferiores lanceolatee, pollicares, basi postice cuneato-truncatz,
infime haud reducte; pinnule infime deltoidezg, segmentis ultimis erecto-
patentibus anguste linearibus uninerviis integris. Sori pauci, terminales, sessiles.
Indusium oblongum, ¿ lin. longum, ore labiis 2 minutis ovatis integris erectis
membranaceis instructo.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1478).
Habit and cutting of Hymenophyllum polyanthos, Sw., and H. demissum, Sw.
—
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU, 251
TRICHOMANES RIGIDUM, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 144; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 86.
From 5000 to 7000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution : Throughout the Tropics of both hemispheres.
TRICHOMANES APIIFOLIUM, Presl, Hymenoph. 16 et 44; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 86.
At 6000 feet, on Casuarina trees (Burbidge).
. Distribution: Malaya; Philippines; Polynesia; Norfolk Island.
TRICHOMANES MAXIMUM, Blume, Enum. Fil. Jav. 228; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 86.
From 5000 to 6000 feet ( Low, Burbidge).
Distribution : Malaya to North Australia and Polynesia.
TRICHOMANES PLUMA, Hooker, Ic. Pl. x. 997.
From 5000 to 6000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: North Borneo; Perak.
TRICHOMANES TRICHOPHYLLUM, Moore, Gard. Chron. 1862, 45; Hooker & Baker, Syn.
Fil. 466.
Without precise locality (Low) ; from 5000 to 6000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya; New Guinea; New Caledonia.
DAVALLIA ALPINA, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 231; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 89.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1491).
Distribution: Malaya; Polynesia.
DAVALLIA CONTIGUA, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 130; Hooker & Baker, m Fil. 94.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1484).
Distribution: Ceylon; Malaya; Polynesia.
DAVALLIA VEITCHII, Baker, Journ. Bot. viii. (1879) 39.
From 6000 to 7000 feet (Burbidge).
An endemic species.
DAVALLIA CILIATA, Hooker, Spec. Fil. i. 184, t. 60 A.; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 98.
At Koung (Burbidge).
Distribution: Philippines.
DAVALLIA TENUIFOLIA, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 150; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 102,
At Koung (Burbidge).
Distribution: Common in Tropical Asia and in Polynesia; Japan; Mascarenes.
LrxpsAYA JAMESONIOIDES, Baker, Journ. Bot. viii. (1879) 39.
At 5500 feet (Haviland, 1495); at 9000 feet (Burbidge).
An endemic species.
LINDSAYA FLABELLULATA, Dryander, Trans. Linn. Soc. iii. 41, t, 8. f. 2; Hooker &
Baker, Syn. Fil. 107.
252 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
On the Dahombang River (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya to South China, North India and Ceylon, and to Australia.
PTERIS INCISA, Thunberg, Prodr. Fl. Cap. 171; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 172.
At 7000 feet (Haviland, 1492).
Distribution: Through the Tropics of both hemispheres.
ASPLENIUM SQUAMULATUM, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 174; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 192.
At Koung (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya and Philippines.
ASPLENIUM BORNEENSE, Hooker, Spec. Fil. iii. 136, t. 186; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 203.
On the Dahombang River, at 2000 feet (Zow) ; at 3200 feet (Haviland, 1477).
Distribution: North Borneo; Perak.
ASPLENIUM LASERPITIIFOLIUM, Lamarck, Encycl. Bot. ii. 310; Hooker & Baker, Syn.
Fil. 215.
From 2000 to 3200 feet (Haviland).
Distribution: From Polynesia and North Australia to Chusan and the Bonin Islands ;
Assam.
ASPLENIUM DICHOTOMUM, Hooker, Spec. Fil. iii. 210; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 221.
Without precise locality (Low) ; in shady jungle near Kiau (Burbidge).
Distribution: North Borneo.
ASPLENIUM BISERIALE, Baker, n. sp. (209); ($ Diplazium). Caudex breviter repens.
Stipites erecti, 13-2 poll. longi, ad apicem paleis lanceolatis squarrosis brunneis
vestiti. Lamina oblongo-lanceolata, simpliciter pinnata, glabra, utrinque viridis,
4-6 poll. longa, 1i—2 poll. lata, rhachi paleis parvis vestitá; pinnsz multijuge,
sessiles, lanceolatz, superiores integree, inferiores 1 poll. long:e, 2 lin. latze, profunde
crenatz, basi insequales, postice reductz ; venee obscure, erecto-patentes. Sori
costulares, in utroque latere costze uniseriati, lineari-oblongi, sspe diplazioidei.
Indusium latum, membranaceum, glabrum, persistens.
At 3000 feet (Haviland, 1475).
The specimen resembles a much reduced form of the cosmopolitan 4. sylvaticum, Presl.
ASPLENIUM LATIFOLIUM, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 8; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 239.
In shady jungle near Kiau (Burbidge).
Distribution: Ceylon and Nilgherries; Sumatra, Borneo, and Philippines; South
China. -
DIDYMOCHLENA LUNULATA, Desv. Prodr. 282; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 248.
At 3500 feet (Burbidge). |
. Distribution: Throughout the Tropies of both hemispheres.
NEPHRODIUM GYMNOPODUM, Baker, n. sp. (17); ($ Lastrea). Stipites graciles, nudi, nitidi,
fusci, 4-5 poll. longi. Lamina oblonga lanceolata, bipinnata, subcoriacea, glabra,
SS
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 253
semipedalis, rhachi utrinque pubescente, haud paleaceá ; pinnæ libere, circiter
20-jugze, infimze maximo, deflexze, sessiles, lanceolate, 15-18 lin. longi, 4 lin. late,
ad costam pinnate, segmentis lineari-oblongis, integris, 4 lin. latis; vens remote,
erecto-patentes, simplices. Sori ad segmentorum basin solitarii omediales, Indusium
parvum, reniforme.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1486).
Belongs to the group of N. patens, Desv., near N. chrysolobum, Fée.
Potypopium Havinanpu, Baker, n. sp. (107*); (8 Grammitis). Caules cæspitosi,
graciles, subpollicares, pilis subtilibus, mollibus, patentibus tenuiter vestiti. Lamina
simplex, lanceolata, subcoriacea, utrinque pubescens, 2-3 poll. longa, medio 8 lin.
lata, ad basin et apicem sensim attenuata, margine obscure crenato; venæ obscure
furcatee. Sori oblongi, obliqui, uniseriati, laxe dispositi, ad costam contigui.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1488).
PoLYPODIUM CUCULLATUM, Nees et Blume, in Nov. Act. Cees. Leop.-Car. Nat. Cur. ii, 121,
t. 126; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 324.
Without precise locality (Low); at 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1482).
Distribution: Ceylon; Malaya, Philippines and New Guinea; Polynesia.
PoLYPODIUM BLECHNOIDES, Hooker, Sp. Fil. iv. 180; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 331.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1487).
Distribution: Polynesia; Queensland.
POLYPODIUM CLAVIFER, Hooker, Sp. Fil. iv. 176; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 334.
Without precise locality (Low).
Distribution: Borneo; New Guinea.
PoLYPODIUM TAXODIOIDES, Baker, Journ. Bot. viii. (1879), p. 42.
On wet rocks on torrents (Burbidge).
An endemic species.
PoLYPODIUM STENOPHYLLUM, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 124; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil.
354.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1489).
Distribution: Malaya and Philippines.
PoLYPODIUM sORIDENS, Hooker, Spec. Fil. v. 61, t. 283, B; Hooker & Baker, Syn.
Fil. 355.
At 8000 feet (Haviland, 1493).
Distribution: Borneo.
PoLYPODIUM LACINIATUM, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 131; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 365,
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1490).
Distribution: Malaya.
SECOND SERIES.—-BOTANY, VOL. IV. St,
254. DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
POLYPODIUM COSTULATUM, Baker, Journ. Bot. 1880, 215.—Syn. Acrostichum costulatum,
Cesati, Fil. Becc. Polyn. 8.
On Dahombang River (Haviland, 1474).
Distribution: Malaya; New Guinea.
GYMNOGRAMME AVENIA, Baker, in Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 388.
On rocks near Koung (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya to New Guinea.
VITTARIA SULCATA, Kuhn, Linnza, xxxvi. 68; Hooker € Baker, Syn. Fil. 518.
At 10,500 feet ( Haviland, 1481).
Distribution: Ceylon; Perak; Sarawak; New Guinea ; Society Islands.
ACROSTICHUM BICUSPE, Hooker, Sp. Fil. v. 271; Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 421.
From 4000 to 8000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya to Formosa and the Loo-Choo Archipelago ; New Guinea.
SCHIZAA MALACCANA, Baker, in Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 428.
At 5000 feet (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya and Philippines
ANGIOPTERIS EVECTA, Hoffm. in Comm. Goett. xii. p. 29, t. 5; Hooker & Baker, Syn.
Fil. 440.
On river-banks in sandstone hills, at 2000 feet (Low).
Distribution: From Polynesia and Queensland to Japan, the Himalaya, Ceylon, and
Madagascar.
LYCOPODIACEZ.
(By J. G. BAKER.)
LYCOPODIUM CEYLANICUM, Spring, Mon. i. 37.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1410).
Distribution: Ceylon; Borneo.
LYCOPODIUM SERRATUM, Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 341, t. 38.
At 4000 feet (Haviland, 1416).
Distribution: From India to Japan and Polynesia; Mexico; Bourbon (?).
LxcoropivM SELAGO, Linn. Spec. Plant. ed. II. 1565.
At 11,000 feet ( Haviland, 1411).
Distribution: Arctic and temperate zones of both hemispheres ; New Zealand, hittills;
Antarctic America; East Himalaya.
- Lycoropium WIiGHTtIanuM, Wallich, Cat. n. 2184.
. At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1412).
Distribution : Nilgherries and Ceylon; Java, Borneo.
A ia e
ae AAA RR NM MITT TEE
DR, O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 255
LYCOPODIUM CLAVATUM, Linn. Spec. Plant. ed. II. 1564.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1413).
Distribution: Cosmopolitan.
LYCOPODIUM CASUARINOIDES, Spring, Mon. i. 94.
At 6000 feet (Burbidge); at “ high altitudes ” (Low) ; at 8700 feet (Haviland, 1414).
Distribution : Malaya to Philippines, and to the East Himalaya and China.
“ The indurations on the stem are hard enough to scratch the hands whilst travelling,
and the trailing stem will, like a rotan, catch the foot” (Haviland).
LYCOPODIUM VOLUBILE, Forster, Prodr. 86.
At 8000 feet ( Low).
Distribution: From Polynesia, New Zealand and North Australia, over Malaya to
Penang and Borneo.
SELAGINELLACE X.
(By J. G. BAKER.)
SELAGINELLA CAULESCENS, Spring, Mon. ii. 158.
On Dahombang River, at 3000 feet (Haviland, 1415); common on rocks along the
streams (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya to New Guinea and Philippines, India to China and Japan.
SELAGINELLA WILLDENOWII, Baker, in Gard. Chron. 1867, 950.
From 4 to 6 feet high, near Kiau (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malaya; East Himalaya; Cochin-China.
EQUISETACE.
(By J. G. BAKER.)
EQUISETUM DEBILE, Roxburgh, in Vaucher, Mon. 387.
On the banks of the Kadamaian River below Kiau, from 2000 to 2500 feet ( Low ;
Haviland, 1353).
Distribution: Tropical Asia to Fiji Islands.
MUSCINEA4.
(By W. Mirren, A.L.S., and C. H. Wnienur, F.R.M.S.)
DICRANUM AssIMILE, Hampe, Icon. Musc. t. 24.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1428; Low).
Distribution: Java, Sumatra, Perak, Sikkim.
: DICRANUM, sp. affine D. undulato, Turn.
At 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1424). i
2L2
256 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
CAMPYLOPUS EXASPERATUS, Brid. Bry. Univ. i. 473.
At 9000 feet (Zow) ; Penokok, at 3200 feet (Haviland, 1421).
Distribution: Java; Sumatra; Sandwich Isl.
EUCAMPTODON EDENTULUS, Jaeg. Adum. i. 148, var. ANGUSTUS, C. H. Wright, n. var.
Ab Æ. edentulo differt foliis angustioribus, enerviis. Cellule apicales ceeteris similes,
non ovales aut laxiores ut in E. macrocalyci, A. Br. (Holomitrium enerve, Dozy $
Molkenb.).
Maripari, at 5000 feet (Haviland, 1420).
Distribution (of species): Ceylon, Borneo.
LEUCOBRYUM SANCTUM, Hampe, in Linn:ea, xvii. 316.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Japan; Malacca; Java; Fiji; Samoa.
LEUCOPHANES SQUARROSUM, Brid. Bry. Univ. i. 764.
At 6000 feet ( Burbidge).
Distribution: Philippines.
SCHISTOMITRIUM Lowi, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 302.
Without precise locality (Low).
SYRRHOPODON INVOLUTUS, Schwágr. Suppl. ii. pt. 1, 117, t. 132.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Malacca; Singapore; Moluccas; Samoa,
SYRRHOPODON RUFESCENS, Hook. € Grev. in Brewster’s Edinb. Journ. of Sci. iii. 227.
Without precise locality (Burbidge). -
Distribution: India; Singapore; Penang.
SYRRHOPODON ALBOVAGINATUS, Schwigr. Suppl. ii. pt. 1, 112, t. 131.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Moluccas ; Fiji; Admiralty Isl.; Samoa.
RHACOMITRIUM JAVANICUM, Dozy & Molkenb. in Zollinger, Syst. Verzeich. p. 32.
At 11,500 feet (Haviland, 1423).
Distribution: Java; Japan.
SCHLOTHEIMIA SPLENDIDA, Mitt., n. sp. Caules repentes cum ramis simplicibus rami-
ficatisve in cæspitem aggregati; rami fructiferi pollicares, humefacti cum foliis 24
lin. crassi. Folia ramea humefacta squarrosa, exsiccata laxe adpressa, oblongo-
lanceolata, supra medium semitorta, subeymbiformiter excavata, 1i lin. longa, ad ?
lin. lata, apice acuta obtusave, basi contracta, margine integerrimo subflexuoso,
lævia, subnitida, nervo angusto rufo in pilum 4 lin. longum flexuosum levem
— —
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 257
excurrente, cellulis inferne elongatis, apicem versus sensim abbreviatis, in lineis a
nervo oblique-ascendentibus dispositis ; folia perich:ztialia erecta, quam ramea
angustiora et duplo longiora, pilis longis erectis sete medium fere attingentibus.
Theca in setá gracili 5 lin. longá, cylindrica, collo sensim attenuato } lin. longo,
operculo basi cupulato, subulatim angustato, sporangio «*quilongo, 2 lin. longo,
peristomii exterioris dentibus angustis, exsiccando revolutis, humefactis in conum
conniventibus, peristomii interioris ciliis paulo quam peristomii exteriores dentes
longioribus erectis; calyptra thecam totam obtegens, basi laciniata, pilis brevibus
adpressis aspersa.
Maripari, at 5000 feet (Haviland, 1419) ; without precise locality (Low, Burbidge).
Remarkable from its thick branches, with leaves not undulated, the cells everywhere
distinct and smooth, and its minutely pilose calyptra. S. Wallisii, C. Müller, Linn:ea,
1870, p. 173, as described, appears to be very near; but its calyptra is said to be
* dentibus asperis robustis scabra," and there are some other differences.
SCHLOTHEIMA RUBIGINOSA, C. H. Wright, n. sp. Folia ligulata, obtusa vel emarginata,
non pilosa, in medio profunde uniplicata. Rhizoma repens, necnon apice radicans.
Rami erecti, 1 poll. alti, simplices, rarius ramosi. Folia imbricata, ligulata, obtusa,
medio longitudinaliter profunde uniplicata ; costa in plice fundo apice leviter
excurrens ; cellule inferiores oblongze, leptodermaticxe, superiores in seriebus angulo
45” coste regulariter dispositee. Costa foliorum perichetialium in pilum laminá
duplo longiorem producta. Fructus in apice ramorum. Seta } poll. longa; theca
cylindrica, basi acuta: dentes peristomii 16, in medio striatis. Calyptra capsula
) longior, cylindrica, basi 4-fida, laevis.
At 10,500 feet (Haviland, 1418).
The aspect of this species is very similar to that of Schlotheimia splendida, Mitt., but
the leaves are totally different. Those of S. splendida are acute and have the nerve pro-
duced into a long pilum, while those of this species are obtuse or even emarginate, with
the nerve excurrent as a small tooth. The plication of the leaf forms a single pouch-like
fold, commencing a short distance below the apex and continuing nearly to the base of
the leaf; along its base runs the nerve, which is minutely toothed along the back. When
viewed from the dorsal side, this plication resembles the dorsal fin of certain fishes.
MACROMITRIUM CUSPIDATUM, Hampe, Icon. Muse, t. 20.
At 11,000 feet (Haviland, 1417).
Distribution : Java; Sumatra.
BrYum PACHYPOMA, Mont. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, iv. 104 (1845).
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Java.
MNIUM ROSTRATUM, Schwágr. Suppl. i. pt. 2, 136, t. 79.
At 5000 feet (Haviland).
Distribution : Cosmopolitan.
258
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
RHIZOGONIUM DISTICHUM, Brid. Bry. Univ. ii. 665.
Without precise locality (Burbidge). i
Burbidge’s specimens consist of a few barren stems which appear identical with New
Zealand specimens.
RHIZOGONIUM SPINIFORME, Bruch, in Flora, 1846, p. 134.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : South tropical and subtropical zones; also Japan and West Indies.
DAWSONIA SUPERBA, Grev. in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xix. (1847), 226, t. 12.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : Australia; Tasmania; New Zealand.
PoGONATUM MACROPHYLLUM, Dozy et Molkenb., Bry. Jav. i. 45, t. 35.
At 6000 feet (Low, Burbidge).
Distribution : Java, Sumatra.
RHACELOPUS ACAULIS, Mitt., n. sp. Caulis brevissimus. Folia erecta, a basi dilatatà con-
tracta, ligulata, apice acuta acutatave, integerrima, cellulis superioribus subrotundis,
inferioribus oblongis, pericheetialia longiora obtusiuscula, apice paucidentata, omnia
nervo satis valido percursa. Seta pollicaris, fusco-rubra, papillis asperrima.
Theea oblonga, demum inclinata, levis, infra os contracta, operculo rostrato.
Calyptra, indumento pallido, thecam totam tegens.
With old and young fruit (Burbidge).
Size that of R. pilifer (Dozy et Molkenb., Bry. Jav. i. 37), but foliage entirely different.
HARRISONIA ALPINA, C. H. Wright, n. sp. H. Hwmboldtie, Spreng., affinis, sed folio
O?
apice non in pilum producto, capsulá levi non suleatà. Cæspitosa, brunnea. Caulis
pinnatim ramosus. Folia dense imbricata, panduriformia, basi et marginibus rubris,
apice acuminata, subsquarrosa, cellulis vermicularibus, dense aggregatis, margi-
nalibus elongatis, rubris, translucentibus, alaribus oblongis, rubido-brunneis ; folia
perichætialia oblongo-acuminata, apice hyalina; cellulis elongatis, poris connexis,
alaribus quadratis. Seta 6 lin. longa, recta; theca ovalis, levis, gymnostoma.
Sporæ magnæ, muricatæ.
On wet rocks, at 11,500 feet ( Haviland, 1425).
SEMATOPHYLLUM PANDURIFORME, C. H. Wright, n. sp. S. convoluto, Jae
g., affine, sed
differt staturá majore, magis ramosa, foliis sub apice contractis, argute serratis.
Rhizoma repens. Rami erecti, plus minusve pinnatim ramosi. Folia subpatentia,
elongato-panduriformia, 2 lin. longa, margine argute serrato, ex seriebus 3-5 cellu-
larum elongatarum pachydermaticarum composito, cellulis centralibus minoribus,
quam marginalia minus crassis, poris communicantibus ut in Dicrano (sect.
Eudicrano); folia perichætialia 3 lin. longa, late lanceolata, apice in pilum longum
dentatum producta, cellulis elongatis, poris connexis, marginalibus consimilibus.
Seta 2-3 poll. longa, rubra, lævis ; theca inclinata, ovata, 2 lin. longa ; peristomium
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 259
exterius ex dentibus 16 transversatim striatis, interius ex dentibus 16 dilute flavis
basi coalitis compositum. Spor globose, dilute flave.
At 6500 feet (Haviland, 1426).
TAXITHELIUM DUBYANUM, Mitt. Hypnum Dubyanum, C. Müller, Syn. Muse. ii. 241;
Dozy & Molkenb. Bry. Jav. ii. 182, t. 280. `
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1431; Burbidge).
Distribution: Java, Amboina.
MNIODENDRON MICROLOMA, Mitt. n. sp. Stipes humilis, erectus, pollicaris, rufo-tomen-
tosus, apice ramis brevibus, simplicibus, patulis, in comam rotundatam dispositis,
innovatione conformi continuus, interdum iterum iterumque prolifer. Folia stipitis
laxa, squarrosa, a basi deltoideà subulata, apice denticulata, nervo ad apicem
pereursa ; folia ramea densa, undique patentia, ovato-lanceolata, subulatim
attenuata, rigidula, e viridi fuscescentia, in dorso et in marginibus denticulata,
nervo excurrente, cellulis interioribus angustissimis, marginalibus minutis, rotundatis,
limbum indistinctum formantibus; folia perichetialia a basi ovatá plicatá subulata,
apice remote denticulata, nervo longe excurrente. Theca in setá 13 poll. longá
rubra horizontalis, cylindrica, subarcuata, 3 lin. longa, exsiccando striata, collo
distincto, operculo magno longirostri, peristomii dentibus apice angustissime
attenuatis.
. At 6000 feet (Burbidge).
Very similar to the Zsothecium marginatum, Hook. fil. & Wils., figured in the * Flora
of New Zealand, but smaller in all its parts. M. Korthalsii, Bry. Jav. t. 236, appears
considerably different in habit, and its leaves have a thickened margin.
MNIODENDRON KortHALSIH, V. d. Bosch et Lac. in Dozy & Molkenb. Bry. Jav. ii.
139, t. 236. :
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1430).
Distribution: Java; Sumatra; Aneitum.
MNIODENDRON DIVARICATUM, Lindb. in Ofvers. Kongl. Vet. Akad. Fórh. Moraan )
xviii. 375 (1861).
Without precise locality (Low).
Distribution: Java; Sumatra; Malacca.
HYPNODENDRON REINWARDTI, Dozy & Molkenb. Bry. Jav. ii. 135, t. 233.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1429).
Distribution: Java; Celebes.
HYPNODENDRON BREVIFOLIUM, Mitt, n. sp. Stipes pollicaris, basi radiculosus, sparse
foliatus, ramis pluribus simplicibus vel ramificatis in comam tabuliformem rotun-
datam 1 poll. latam dispositis. Folia stipitis adpressa, subdeltoideo-ovata, in
margine serrulata, ad medium usque nervo tenui percursa; folia ramea lateraliter
260 DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
compressa, patentia, exsiccando parum mutata, ovato-lanceolata, in margine serrata,
nitida, nervo sub apice evanido, cellulis angustissimis elongatis. Pericheetia plura
aggregata, foliis subulatis remote denticulatis.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
In habit more like a small Wniodendron comosum, Lindb., but with shining leaves.
RHACOPILUM SPECTABILE, Reinw. & Hornsch. in Nov. Act. Cees. Leop.-Car. Nat. Cur.
xiv. pt. 2, 721, t. 40, fig. c.
At 6000 feet (Burbidge ; Haviland, 1421).
Distribution: Java; Sumatra; Philippines.
ACANTHODIUM TRISMEGISTUM, Mitt.— Syn. Hypnum trismegistum, Mont. in Lond.
Journ. Bot. 1844, p. 633; Hypnum lancifolium, C. Müll. Syn. Muse. ii. 497; Dozy
& Molkenb. Bry. Jav. ii. 141, t. 239; Neckera lancifolia, Harv. in Hook. Ic.
PL t.21. fig. 5.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
As in other species of this group, the setze are three inches in height.
Acanthodium lancifolium, Mitt., in Harvey's specimens has complanate panduriform
foliage, the apices wide, very unlike Montagne's species. Another species, as it appears
to be, was found in Moulmein by the Rev. D. Parish. There are also a number of
Indian mosses which appear to belong to the same group; they are Hypnum
tanytrichum, Mont., Stereodon psilurus, Mitt., S. surcularis, Mitt., S. pilosulus, Mitt.,
and S. penicillatus, Mitt., as well as Hypnum papillatum, Harv. H. calderense, Sulliv.
in U.S. Expl. Exp. t. xv., may be a state of A. rigidum, Mitt., and similar specimens
have been collected in Palawan, in the Isle of Pines, and in Samoa,
Hypnum
extenuatum, Brid., from Australia and New Zealand, belongs to this group.
HEPATICÆ.
The following Hepaticæ were found growing with the above-mentioned Mosses, but
several in insufficient quantity for specific determination. The numbers affixed to them
correspond with those of the Mosses amongst which they were found.
GOTTSCHEA, sp.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1429).
PLAGIOCHILA TENUIS, Lindenb. Mon. Plagioc. 50.
The fragments found appear to belong to this species, which was previously known
from the West Indies, Sandwich Islands, and Nepal.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1429).
ODONTOSCHISMA SPHAGNI, Dum. Rev. Jung. 19.—Syn. Sphagnocetis communis, Nees.
This common European species was found at an elevation of 11,500 feet. (Haviland,
1425).
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 261
CHILOSCYPHUS ASELLIFORMIS, Nees, Hepat. Jav. 26.
Maripari Spur, at 5000 feet (Haviland, 1419).
Distribution: Java.
SACCOGYNA MURICELLA, Mitt.—Syn. Chiloscyphus muricellus, De Not. Epatiche di Borneo,
24, t. 16.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : Borneo.
SCAPANIA LEPIDA, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 101.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : Ceylon.
LEPIDOZIA HOLORHIZA, Nees, in Gott. Syn. Hepat. 210.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Java.
LEPIDOZIA CLADORHIZA, Nees, in Gott. Syn. Hepat. 210.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : Java
LEPIDOZIA SUBINTEGRA, Lindenb. in Gott. Syn. Hepat. 201.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Java.
LEPIDOZIA TRICHODES, Nees, in Gott. Syn. Hepat. 203.
Without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution: Java; Bolivia.
LeprpoziA WALTICHIANA, Lindenb. et Gott. Syn. Hepat. 204.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1428); without precise locality (Burbidge).
Distribution : Nepal.
MASTIGOBRYUM, sp.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1427).
TRICHOCOLEA TOMENTELLA, Nees, var. PLUMA, Nees, in Gott. Syn. Hepat. 237.
At 6000 feet (Haviland, 1428) ; without precise locality (Burbidge).
PHRAGMICOMA, Sp.
At 5000 feet (Haviland, 1431).
SECOND SERIES—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2M
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DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU.
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.
PLATE XI.
A. Decaspermum Vitis-Idea :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Flower (x2). 3. Young fruit (x4).
4. Flower, vertical section (x8). 5. Petal (x4). 6. Stamen (x20). 7. Ovary, transverse
section (x 20). 8. Seed (x20). 9. Seed, longitudinal section ( x 20).
B. Eugenia kinabaluensis :—10. Branch (nat. size). 11. Flower, vertical section (x 5). 12. Petal (x5).
C. Eugenia ampullaria :—18. Fruiting branch (nat. size).
D. Tristania elliptica :—14. Branch (nat. size). 15. Flower (x3). 16. Flower, vertical section (x6).
PLATE XII.
A. Hedyotis protrusa :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Flower (x4). 3. Fruit; the anterior calyx-lobe is
taken off to show the protruding capsule (x6).
B. Hedyotis pulchella :—4. Branch (nat. size). 5. Flower (x3). 6. Fruit (x3).
C. Hedyotis macrostegia :—7. Branch (nat. size). 8. Flower, with supporting bracts (x3). 9. Ovary
and calyx, the front lobes taken off (x 3).
D. Argostemma gracile:—10. Plant (nat. size). 11. Corolla (x2). 12. Calyx (x2).
PLATE XIII.
A. Streblosa urticina :—1. Branch (nat.size). 2. Branchofinflorescence( x 6). 3. Flower-bud (x 20).
4. Young corolla, cut open (x20). 5. Mature stamens (x40). 6. Very young fruit, vertical
section (x20). 7. Style (x20). 8. Ripe fruit (x8). 9. Fruit, vertical section (x8).
10. Fruit, transverse section ( x 8).
B. Psychotria densifolia :—11. Branch (nat.size). 12. Flower (x8). 13. Pyrene, transverse section
( x 4).
PLATE XIV.
A. Diplycosia pinifolia :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Flower-bud (x5). 3. Ovary, with dise ( x 15).
B. Diplycosia kinabaluensis :—4. Branch with adult leaves (nat. size). 5. Flowering branch (nat. size).
6. Flower (x 2).
C. Diplycosia pendula :—7. Branch with young fruits (nat. size).
D. Diplycosia rufa :—8. Branch, one leaf turned, seen from the back (nat. size). 9. Corolla ( x 2).
E. Diplycosia chrysothriz :—10. Branch (nat. size). 11. Flower (x2). 12. Calyx and ovary, vertical
section (x2). 13. Stamen (x4). 14. Ovary, with disc (x2).
PLATE XV.
d A Biotec laicum :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Ovary ( x2).
: Ok Rhododendron cuneifolium :—3. Branch (nat. size).
C. Gaultheria borneensis : :—4. Branch (nat. size). 5. Flower, vertical section (x 4). 6. Stamen (x 12).
- Vaccinium cordi ifolium :—7. Branch (nat. size). 8. Flower (x2 5). 9. Calyx and ovary, vertical
A section ee 10. Stamen (x6). 11. Ovary, transverse section ( x 3).
eee Prate XVI.
borneensis eal Branch (nat. size). 2. Leaf (x3). 3. Flower (x6). 4. Diagram
efloration of the corolla-lobes. 5. Corolla and ovary (x6). 6. Calyx, final state
19). 9 Nutlet E 6). 9. Nutlet, transverse section (x6).
"
DR. O. STAPF ON THE FLORA OF MOUNT KINABALU. 263
B. Euphrasia borneensis :—10. Flowering plant (nat. size). 11. Flower (x3). 12. Calyx (x4).
13. Calyx with ovary (x3). 14. Leaf(x5). 15. Capsule (x5). 16. Seed (magnified).
C. Cyrtandra Clarkei :—17. Branch (nat. size). 18. Corolla (nat. size). 19. Calyx, enclosed by the
connate bracts (nat. size).
PLATE XVII.
Scyphostegia borneensis :—1. Branch with remainder of an inflorescence (nat. size). 2. Inflorescence
(nat. size). 3. Flower with funnel-shaped bracts and a young accessory bud (x4). 4. Flower,
vertical section (x4). 5. Flower-bud (x4). 6. Diagram showing the position of the perianth-
lobes. 7. Half-mature carpel with scales at the base (x5). 8. Very young carpel (x30).
9. Upper end of carpel, vertical section (x10). 10. The same, seen from the front (x10).
ll. Ripe fruit (nat. size). 12. Part of the ripe fruit, carpels with their scaly involucres at the
base and a portion of the receptacle behind them (x25). 13. Ripe carpel, vertical section
(x10). 14. Embryo (x 10).
PLATE XVIII.
A. Quercus Havilandii :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Female flower (x4). 3. Segment of the perianth
with a stamen in front (x5). 4. Female flower, vertical section ( x 4).
B. Ficus setiflora:—5. Fruiting branch (nat. size). 6. Receptacle, vertical section ( x 2). 7. Ache-
nium with perianth (x 15). 8. Perianth, segment seen from within (x30).
C. Loranthus centiflorus :—9. Branch (nat. size). : 10. Flower ( x 2).
PLATE XIX.
A. Elatostemma bulbothrir :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Young fruit with supporting bracts (X8).
3. Diagram of female flower, showing the arrangement of the bracts and staminodes. 4. Stami-
nodes ( x 20).
B. Elatostemma thalictroides :—5. Branch (nat. size). 6. Pedicel of male flower with bract and bract-
lets (x8). 7. Young male flower (x8). 8. Perianth of male flower with one stamen ( x 8).
Elatostemma lithoneuron :—9. Branch of a male plant (nat. size). 10. Male inflorescence (x2).
11. Male flower in bud (x8). 12. Young male flower, open (x8). 13. Female inflorescence
(x3). 14. Portion of female inflorescence (x10). 15. Female flower with supporting bract
(x20). 16. Fruit (x 20).
D. Pilea Johniana:—17. Branch (nat. size). 18. Branchlet (x4). 19. 4-merous perianth of a male
flower (x20). 21. 2-merous male flower (x20). 22. Stamen (x20). 23. Female flower
(x20). 24. Bracts and staminodes of a female m (x20). 25. Fruit(x10). 26. Fruit,
transverse section ( x 20).
es
PLATE XX.
A. Patersonia borneensis :—1. Branch (nat. size). 2. Lobe of stigma (x3). 3. Stamens, the tube cut
| epen (x3). 4. Ovary, with style and stigma (nat. size). 5. Ripe capsules with supporting
bracts (nat. size). 6. Capsule with seeds (nat. size).
B. Patersonia Lowii :—7. Branch (nat. size). 8. Lobe of stigma (x3). 9. Ovary with style and
| stigma (nat. size).
C. Deyeuxia epileuca:—10. Plant (nat. size). 11. Spikelet (x10). 12. First glume (x10).
13. Second glume (x10). 14. Third glume, with palea and produced rhachis (x D
.15. Flower (x20). 16. Caryopsis (X10). 17. Transverse section of leaf ( x 40).
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2nd Ser. BOTANY.
THE
RANSACTIONS
THE PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY OF THE
MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. -
BY
'R LE MARCHANT MOORE, B.Sc., F.L.
BOTANIST TO THE EXPEDITION...
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. BOTANICAL EXPLORATION OF THE
_ PROVINCE OF MATTO GROSSO, 1891
‘Seale, 1910-0008
[ 265 ]
111. The Phanerogamic Bota of the Matto Grosso Expedition, 1891-92. By
SPENCER Le M. Moors, B.Sc., F.L.S., Botanist to the Expedition.
(Plates XXI.-XXXIX., and Map.)
Read 2nd November, 1893.
CONTENTS.
Page
eer er (IR DANI TATUR ETT ERE ER 265
Short Sketch of the Climatology of Matto Grosso .................. 271
The Botanical Geography of Brasil ...................:.. od . 283
Flora of Cuyabá and the Chapada PlateaU...........oooooomooo... 284
Fiora of Janpol wii evi rr is VERA AA 286
Flora of Santa Cruz and the Neighbourhood .....o....oooooo...... 287
A A AO A A An 290
IOTA OL COMPA A eee he seabed. ves 291
Remarks on the probable Origin of the foregoing Floras ...... A 293
be ri A MA E 296
Meum UM Un Pr cise... ices ieee uv PA VA Vu tices 514
NARRATIVE.
IN the month of June 1891 I heard from Mr. Carruthers, Keeper of the Botanical
Department of the British Museum, that a botanist was required to join an expedition
about to explore the Brazilian province of Matto Grosso. As I had been for years
desirous of rendering my botanical education less incomplete by a visit to the Tropics, I
readily acquiesced in Mr. Carruthers's suggestion that I should offer my services in the
above capacity. On enquiry it was understood that a syndicate had obtained mineral
rights over two large traets of land in the province, the conditions comprising a survey
and a geological and botanical examination of the territories in question, which included
the country to the east of Cuyaba, the capital, and the large and almost entirely
unknown region lying west of the fifty-seventh meridian, and between the tenth and
fifteenth parallels of latitude. My offer was accepted on the part of the syndicate, and
on July 2nd, after hasty preparation, I left Southampton in the company of Dr. John
William Evans, who had been appointed geologist to the expedition.
Matto Grosso has been visited by several botanists, and, thanks to their united labours,
the vegetation of a considerable part of the province is now fairly well known. "The van
appears to have been led by a Portuguese doctor, Alexandre Rodriguez Ferreira, who,
departing from Pará towards the end of last century, made his way up the Madeira and
Guaporé rivers to the then flourishing city of Matto Grosso (Villa Bella). He returned
by the same route, and deposited his plants in the Museum at Lisbon, whence a set was,
a few years ago, sent to the Herbarium at Kew. In 1825 Riedel, botanist to the Russian
SECOND SERIES. —BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2N
I |
266 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
expedition under Langsdorff, after collecting in Eastern Brazil, crossed the Paraná river, and
entered Matto Grosso from the south. Riedel travelled up the Rio Pardo to Camapuan,
and proceeded viá the Taquari, Paraguay, So Lorenzo, and Cuyabá rivers to Cuyabá.
Unaccompanied by Langsdorff, who selected the Arinos and Tapajos route, he advanced
to Villa Maria and Matto Grosso city, thence descending the Guaporé and Madeira
rivers to the Amazon. Then we find Dr. Patricio da Silva Manso, a Cuyabá physician
who flourished during the earlier half of the century, sending to Lhotsky many plants
from Cuyabá and the neighbourhood. These plants came into possession of Von Martius,
and were distributed to various herbaria. Gaudichaud entered Matto Grosso during the
second of his three voyages, that of the Herminie (1830-33). I have been unable
to get any information about this voyage, of which no narrative, it would appear, was
ever written—a singular fact, seeing that the other two journeys were so well and so
exhaustively described. For this reason, it is impossible to say to which part of the
province Gaudichaud went. Only a small district of Matto Grosso was visited by
D'Orbigny, viz. the neighbourhood of the Forte do Principe de Beira on the Guaporé,
whence he brought home a few plants. Ten years after Gaudichaud, Dr. Weddell began
those travels which have made his name so famous. Finding himself at Goyaz, Weddell
moved northward along the Araguaya to its junction with the Tocantins, which river he
ascended, and, returning to Goyaz, entered Matto Grosso from the east and proceeded
over the plateau to Cuyabá. Here he turned northward, reached Diamantino, and made
a short circuit to the Arinos valley and back. Retracing his steps to Cuyabá, Weddell
went down the Cuyabá, Sao Lorenzo, and Paraguay rivers as far as Olympo; whereupon,
being refused admission into Paraguay, he turned back, visited Miranda on the Mondego
river, and ascended the Paraguay as far as Villa Maria. A journey to Cuyabá and back
preluded his advance over the watershed to Matto Grosso city, and from there he turned
southward into Bolivia. Weddell’s valuable collections are at the Paris Museum, and
comparatively few of his plants have been taken up in the ‘ Flora Brasiliensis * of Von
Martius. Finally the name of Tamberlik now and again occurs in the work just named,
as that of a collector in “ Western Brazil,’ but of the date as of the locality of his
explorations I am in complete ignorance, and so cannot even say whether he was in
Matto Grosso at all.
Arriving at Buenos Ayres we, on July 28th, transhipped into the Brazilian mail-boat, and
proceeded up the River Plate. Our journey was uneventful, and on the morning of
August 5th the Rio Apa was reached and we entered Matto Grosso. The most
remarkable feature of this part of the river is the occurrence of forests composed
exclusively of the Caranda Palm (Copernicia cerifera, Mart.). kxtending for a
considerable distance along the shore, these forests reach northward as far as the
neighbourhood of Coimbrá. The massing of these Palms has a very peculiar effect, the
grey stems simulating fog, from which the feathery crowns emerge clearly into view.
Wherever a forest fire has raged, the base of their stem is blackened and the lowest leaves
are apt to lose colour and hang pendent; otherwise fire has no apparent effect upon
them. The vegetation bordering this part of the river appears, so far as one can judge,
to be composed largely of Cassia and Mimosa scrub, with Malvacew, trailing Ipomceas,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 267
Calystegia sepium, Soc. The large, handsome, upright Jpomea fistulosa, Mart., is also a
prominent feature in the landscape, and the Lepacho tree ( Tabebuia Avellaneda, Lorentz),
leafless, and covered, at this season, with a cloud of pink blossom, affords a fine spectacle
to the traveller.
We steamed into Corumbá early in the morning of the 7th. Here it is necessary to
tranship into a smaller vessel, and as this had not yet arrived at Corumbá on its down-
ward journey, we were detained a day at that place, the fiscal capital of the province, and,
as such, a town of some importance. Advantage was taken of this delay, and we went
for a ramble through the woods, but with disappointing results, as, owing to its being the
middle of the dry season, but few flowers were to be seen and most of the trees and
shrubs were denuded of their leaves. A Stephanophysum * was common, and a lovely
purple-flowered Ruellia; I also noted a Waltheria (probably W. viscosissima, A. St.-Hil.),
a small Croton, Momordica Charantia, Linn., and the fine shrub Cordia insignis, Cham.,
then in full flower, while by the inundated bank of the river were Hichornea azurea,
Kunth, and Jpomea fistulosa, Mart., accompanied in places where the current was not
felt by Azolla americana in plenty.
Next morning our boat left for Cuyabá, which city was reached on the 13th. While
taking in wood at the various log-cutting settlements en route a few small specimens
were hastily gathered; of these some have proved to belong to new species. An
exceedingly common feature of the riverside flora is the prevalence of the willow-like
Alchornea castanoplia, A. Juss., which forms a close fringe to the banks for a long
distance.
On the 21st, favourable chances having been meanwhile seized of collecting in the
neighbourhood of the city, a small expedition set off, under the charge of Mr. Arthur
Whitehorn, a gentleman then resident in Paraguay, for the Chapada plateau, lying several
leagues to the east of Cuyaba, and the westernmost extension of the great plateau of Matto
Grosso. The country round Cuyabá consists of gently rolling land, fairly well timbered,
and with abundance of shrubby vegetation. ‘The subsoil is a red argillaceous earth,
during the dry season baked as hard as a brick; this rests upon a platform of ancient
slates, well exposed on the sides of deep watercourses which are dry at this time of the
year. The traveller is struck by the curious appearance of the ground hereabout; this
is due to the fact that, for miles around the city, the red earth has been turned over
by gold-seekers, large quantities of the precious metal having been extracted here
during the latter half of last century. As we passed, the woodlands were rather desolate,
much of the vegetation being parched by the drought. Among the trees was seen a
Cochlospermum (probably C. insigne, A. St.-Hil.), leafless now, but adorned with yellow
blossom and cottony capsule; a Bignoniacea, most likely Tabebuia aurea, Benth. & Hook.
f., bearing masses of golden flowers, and the Vochysiaceous Salvertia convallariodora,
A. St.-Hil., its coarse ragged branches crowned with large woody fruits. Of shrubs one
may mention the very common Bauhinia obtusata, Vog., with thick leaves, white petals,
and lanky pods; Composites such as Vernonia obovata, Less., and Y. scabra, Less. ;
Malpighiacee (Heteropteris nudicaulis, 8. Moore; Tetrapteris precor, S. Moore;
* My presses being packed up, no specimens were collected during this ramble.
-3n2
268 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Banisteria constricta, Griseb., an Amazonian plant); Cassie dysophylla, Benth. ; Myrtles
(Myrcia dasyblasta, Berg, Eugenia miniata, S. Moore) ; the pretty Lippia lasiocalycina,
Cham., and many others. Grassy vegetation is abundant wherever circumstances favour
its obtaining a foothold. Arthropogon villosus, Nees, Andropogon (condensatus, H. B. K.,
ternatus, Nees, virginicus, Linn.), Melinis minutiflora, Beauv. (the well-known ‘ capim
gordura ” of the Brazilians), Paspalum tropicum, Doell, and the local Panicum ansatum,
Trin., are all to be found here. On stream-sides you will see Jussica nervosa, Poir., and
although, with the exception of grasses, lowly vegetation is not abundant in August, yet
such does occur ; Justicia metallicorum, S. Moore, Buchnera palustris, Spreng., and the
terrestrial orchid Stenorhynchus australis, Lindl., may be cited in support of the statement.
Through romantic scenery you ascend the plateau by a fairly good road, a creditable
piece of engineering in so remote a part of the republic. Dr. Fonseca*, judging from the
supposed heights of various places up the river from Buenos Ayres and Rosario to
Corumbá (which place he considers to be nearly 400 feet above the sea), puts the
elevation of Cuyabá at about 500 feet. This is at the port +, above which the ground
whereon the city is built rises at least 150 feet higher. There is no sensible increase
of level until the entrance to the pass is reached; approaching this, the escarpment of
- the plateau is seen extending on either hand far as the eye can reach, and rising to about
1800 feet above the lower country, this giving a total elevation of about 2500 feet above
sea-level. It must be remembered, however, that this estimate, although probably fairly
correct. is approximate only, the country never having been levelled. At the entrance to, or
in, the pass I gathered Lrythroxylon daphnites, Mart.; Helicteres chapadensis, S. Moore;
the milk-white trusses of Serjania perulacea, Radlk., a beautiful climber; Hirtella
americana, Aubl., and H. collina, S. Moore; the tall Justicia oreadum, S. Moore; Piper
asperiplium, Ruiz & Pav.; Spiranthes grandiflora, Lindl.; Renealmia foliosa, 8. Moore,
with leaves a metre long, scarlet scapes and purple leaf-sheaths, as well as other plants.
The plateau is a good instance of that type of country called by Brazilians “ cerrado.”
It consists of neglected-looking land with small, copiously branching trees, a certain
amount of shrubby undergrowth, and grass in plenty, the latter sometimes forming small,
almost treeless “ campos.” It is not without justice that travellers have compared these
cerrados with orchard-land in our own country. Somewhat deep valleys, well timbered,
and of which the bottoms are the beds of streams, often dry in August, cut into the
plateau, whose uppermost portion is composed of brick-red-sandstone, which weathers in
places into grey castellated forms of wonderful variety. Among the trees on the plateau
may be noticed Byrsonima verbascifolia, Rich., with a plentiful show of saffron flowers ; the
Lythraceous Physocalymua scaberrima, Pohl, its cloud of purple blossoms affording a
splendid sight; Luhea speciosa, Willd.; Euphorbiacez such as Maprounia guianensis, Aubl.,
and Mabea fistulifera, Mart., Connarus fulvus, Planch., and many others. You are still
accompanied by Tabebuia aurea ?, Benth. € Hook. f.; this you can distinguish even to the
far distance by a golden gleam amidst surrounding boscage. The grassy plots are now and
= * © Viagem ao redor do Brasil (1875-1878), Rio, 1881, (p. 35).
37 Derby E = Geography and Geology of Brazil,’ p. 11, translated from ‘ O Brasil geographico e historico,” of
J. E. Wappeus) gives 123 metres (about 400 feet) as the height of Cuyabá port,
Mee te — Fco IUE
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 269
again lit up by the carnation flowers of Pavonia Rosa-sinensis, A. St.-Hil., and in its neigh-
bourhood you may gather sweet-scented Kielmeyera ( K. amplexicaulis, S. Moore), Turnera
chrysodoxa, S. Moore, tufted Eschynomene oroboides, Benth., and the straggling Manihot
éripartita, Muell. Arg., var. vestita. The Labiate Hyptis effusa, S. Moore, remarkable for
its long, capillary, almost invisible peduncles, rises to a man’s height. Melastomaces
are common—-Miconias, Clidemia rubra, Mart., Tococa fornicaria Mart., the gorgeous
Tibouchina stenocarpa, Cogn., &c.; Lippia lasiocalycina, Cham., Chaptalia integrifolia,
Baker, Trivis ophiorrhiza, Gardn. (here, as in Eastern Brazil, a reputed alexipharmic), the
fine heads of Chuquiraga chapadensis, S. Moore, the lowly Cuphea micrantha, H. B. K.,
Eupatorium megaphyllum, Baker, and masses of the common weed Stachytarpheta
dichotoma, Vahl, will also be met with. Nor will a yellow-flowered Rubiacea ( Chomelia
ribesiodes, Benth.) escape notice, if only from the peculiar habit shown by its inflor-
escences of sheltering themselves from the broiling sun beneath a neighbouring leaf.
The grasses, much the same as those met with in the low country, are frequently burnt
by campo fires, but they suffer no permanent injury. Indeed, specimens belonging to
this order, with charred outer leaf-sheaths, are common in herbaria, and most of my
Chapada grasses show unequivocal signs of the action of fire.
We reached the decayed village of Sant’ Anna da Chapada on the 25th and, the weather
being superb, proceeded to sling our hammocks in a wood hard by. A little mountain
stream, one of the feeders of Coxipo river, flows past the village, and in wet ground on its
margin Eleocharis sulcata and E. ochreata, Nees, Rynchospora glauca, Vahl, and Mayaca
Sellowiana, Kunth, were found, while Eragrostis Vahlii, Nees, and E. multipes, S. Moore,
grew in plenty upon a bank skirting the stream. Other grasses of the place are Paspalum
paniculatum, Linn., and P. conjugatum, Berg., Panicum horizontale, G. Mey., and Melinis
minutiflora, Beauv. In shady places Ichnosipha concinnus, S. Moore, is to be seen, and
you may collect Xylopia grandiflora, A. St.-Hil., Myrtaceæ (Myrcia ambigua, DC., and
M. chapadensis, S. Moore), Miconias, a tree-fern, Psychotria tomentosa, Muell. Arg., &c., in
the course of a short ramble. Noteworthy, too, is Banisteria constricta, Griseb., with
its remarkable dimorphism. This shrub usually branches somewhat sparingly, and the
branches bear large leaves; in places, however, the branches are much more numerous,
and the leaves upon these are very small. We had, unfortunately, but two pack-mules,
so that my supply of paper was soon exhausted, otherwise a larger collection could have
been made upon this interesting plateau. We returned to Cuyabá on August 30th.
I continued collecting at Cuyabá, and, although Manso appears to have secured a
considerable number of specimens here, was not unsuccessful in finding new species.
The small tree Anona Walkeri, S. Moore, growing on the city outskirts, and Hupatorium
cuyabense, S. Moore, may be cited in instance. Here I found Copaifera elliptica, Mart.,
the Apocynacea, Anisolobus Zuccarinianus, Mart., Alibertia myrciifolia, K. Schum. (a
common shrub), Bowdichia virgilioides, H. B. K., Hyptis (glauca, A. St.-Hil., crenata,
Pohl, brunnescens, Pohl), and the elegant little Awratea Riedeliana, Engl., rare in
herbaria, but here abundant.
At Cuyabá we were joined by Lieut. Olaf Storm, of the Argentine Navy, prospective
leader of the expedition, and by his brother Mr. John Storm, second in command, and it
270 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
being deemed advisable that a party in advance should make its appearance, as soon as
possible, within the district embraced by the Western Concession, on September 7, after
an interview with the Governor of the Province, we set off under the leadership of Mr. John
Storm, for Santa Cruz (Barra dos Bugres), situated on the Paraguay river, about 100 miles
to the north-west of the city. Lieut. Storm himself proposed returning to Corumbá,
where he expected to receive from Europe the necessary funds. There he was to engage
men, and transfer to the Villa Maria mail-boat the stores already at Corumbá. Meanwhile
a small stern-wheeler, the Explorer, was on its way to Villa Maria under the charge
of Mr. Noel Lofft Holden, who had directions to ascend the Paraguay and join us at
Santa Cruz. Thence some of the party were to return at once by the Explorer, the
rest proceeding with the mules by a difficult track to the Sipotuba river, on the banks of
which a junction was to be effected. As we took but three pack-mules, the bulk of the
scientific apparatus had to be sent back to Corumbá, a circumstance which, although
absolutely essential, was most unfortunate, since our stay at Santa Cruz lasted much
longer than had seemed at all likely when we set out.
The country between Cuyabá and the Paraguay river resembles in its external features
that which we had already passed through to the east of the city, but it differs in being
traversed by limestone and sandstone bills having a N.E. and S.W. trend. One of
these hills, ‘‘ Arara ” by name, is probably nearly 2000 feet high. But before we reached
the hills, on our arrival at the little settlement of Jangada, the temporary illness of one of
the party brought us to a halt, which I turned to account by collecting specimens. The
beautiful Vochysiaceous tree Callisthene fasciculata, Mart., was here in full bloom, as also
was its lowly ally Camarea ericoides, A. St.-Hil. Here, too, were growing the dwarf
Palm Diplothemium jangadense, S. Moore, Byrsonima cydoniafolia, A. Juss., Tocoyena
hirsuta, Moric., with large sweet-scented Gardenia-like flowers, the tiny Pectis
jangadensis, S. Moore, most nearly allied to two Mexican species, Piper tuberculatum,
Jacq., Julocroton humilis, Didr., a lanky, nearly leafless Hranthemum, with blue flowers
(E. congestum, S. Moore), the pretty Zephyranthes lactea, S. Moore, &c. In front of
the principal inhabitant's house were a couple of large Taruma trees (Vitex cymosa,
Bert.), almost leafless at this season of the year, but with a plentiful show of Oxford
blue blossoms. These trees were festooned with the remarkable Loranthad Struthanthus
polyanthus, Mart., var. mattogrossensis, which was in full flower at the time of our visit.
Melastomaceze I saw nothing of, a rather curious circumstance.
It is necessary to ford several streams on the journey to Santa Cruz. These streams,
many of which are running throughout the year, flow in the bottom of shallow, well-
wooded valleys. In the case of one of them, the rapid Curupira, the track runs for some
distance through its valley, so that a person might fancy himself to be in a great forest
did he not know the contrary. The reason for these narrow riverain mattos is undoubtedly
that given by Liais*, who holds that the water needful to the growth of the trees is
uerived, while the dry season lasts, from the thick morning mists caused by excess in the
temperature of the water over that of the air during the early morning hours,
* ‘Climat, Géologie, Fauna et Géog. Bot. du Brésil, p. 597.
5 rca eee
ir aai -~
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OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 271
Leaving Jangada on the 18th, we crossed the hilly country and at noon on the 15th
dismounted before a “ fazenda ” on the Jocoara river, a tributary of the Paraguay. Upon
the banks of this viver grows a plant, presumably a species of Z/ex, which furnishes a maté
and is largely used by the inhabitants of the district. At the fazenda they were drying
leafy branches of the shrub in a store, and when dry pounding them with strong
wooden rods in a deep vessel made of wood. I did not secure specimens of the plant at
that time; but soon after our arrival at Santa Cruz I instructed a messenger from
Cuyabá, on his return, to beg the people to send me some material, and a small party
from the Zvplorer, who went into the city on business some weeks after, also pre-
ferred the same request, and compliance was promised; for some reason, however, no
specimen ever reached me. This maté is somewhat darker in colour than the Paraguayan
_ kind, and yields a browner liquor, which is decidedly bitter to the taste. On September
16th we saw the waters of the Paraguay flashing in the morning sun, and our journey
was at an end.
Santa Cruz, better known in the neighbourhood by the name of Barra dos Bugres, is
situated on a low bluff upon tlie further, or, since its course is here almost due east and
west, northern side of the Paraguay. On the southern side of the river there is here
much low-lying open campo, and the river is approached through Bromeliaceous serub.
The bluff is composed of exceedingly fine-grained red shales, often greasy to the touch—.
these Dr. Evans distinguishes as Matto shales. The ground rises rapidly from the river,
above which the upper part of the settlement stands some 100 feet; it is here of cerrado
nature, but immediately beyond you suddenly evter a dense virgin forest, extending
many miles to the northward. Close by, the small Rio dos Bugres joins the Paraguay,
and this gives the place its alternative name. "The Rio dos Bugres flows northward to
the hills forming the southern escarpment ofthe great Amazonian plateau; it receives in
its course the tributary Rio Brasinho, of which the feeders traverse the forest just
referred to.
Of trees at Santa Cruz there are plenty, but the bulk of the vegetation consists of tall
evergreen shrubs, usually more or less deprived of leaves in their lower part. Agreeably
with what one sees in the country to the eastward, the trees for the most part do not grow
very high, and they often have stout, greatly divaricated branches, invested in thick,
sometimes locally swollen “ bark,” in all probability functioning as a preventive of
evaporation. In a ramble round the settlement you will see the Vochysiaceous
Callisthene fasciculata, Mart., and species of Qualea (grandiflora, Mart., parviflora, Mart.,
pilosa, Warm.), Rheedia Guacopary, 8. Moore, with pleasantly acid yellow fruits used
in place of vinegar by the people and esteemed as a bait for certain fish, and the Stercu-
liaceous Guazuma ulmifolia, Lam., much like a Lime in general appearance, its sweet-
scented flowers the resort of neighbouring bees. For the fruit of the tall Siputa
tree (Salacia Siputa, S. Moore) you must go to the river-banks, where will also be
found the Caja (Spondias lutea, Linn.), Brosimopsis lactescens, the type of a new
genus of Artocarpew, also the myrmecophilous Triplaris formicosa, S. Moore.
Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Mart., a species confined to the province, flaunts its dark blue
272 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE— PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
blossoms in the breeze; nor should Curatella americana, Linn., Vismia japurensis,
Reichardt, and the Lepacho * be omitted.
Among shrubs Anonacez are conspicuous, especially Anona coriacea, Mart., var.
dioica, A. St.-Hil., and Stormia brasiliensis, S. Moore. Species of Helicteres, including the
curious .H. orthotheca, S. Moore, with large straight capsule-valves, are common, as are
the Erythrozylons, especially E. nitidum, Spreng. Bauhinias (Bauhinia obtusata, Vog.,
B. cumanensis, H. B. K., and others) frequently occur, and Malpighiaceze ( Heteropteris,
Banisteria, Byrsonima), Myrtaceve (Eugenia, Myrcia, Psidium Aracu, Raddi, yielding a
pleasant fruit), Melastomaceze (Miconia, Clidemia, &e.), and Coccolobas, the red-plumed
tiny flower-heads of Calliandra parviflora, Benth., Heisteria rubricalyx, S. Moore, the
tall Oxalis hirsutissima, Zucc., Turnera odorata, Rich., Siparuna guianensis, Aubl.,
Nua hermaphrodita, S. Moore, Sorocea grandifolia, S. Moore, may be mentioned among
many others, as well as the East Brazilian Brosimum Gaudichaudii, Tréc. Palms, such as
the Urubamba, the Tocúm, the Bocaúba, the Guacory, occur here and there +. Climbers
are plentiful: Hireas (volubilis, S. Moore, and sepium, A. Juss.), Passion-flowers
(Passiflora tricuspis, Mast., P. coccinea, Aubl.), Bignonias, Dalechampia cuiabensis, Muell.
Arg., looking like a Bougainvillea with its pink involucral bracts, the fine red-flowered
Anguria gloriosa, S. Moore, and Smilax medicinalis, S. Moore, are worthy of notice.
Another common order is that of the Rubiacez. You will often find little sandy stretches
by the river-side brightened by the small pink-blossomed gregarious Sipanea veris, S. Moore,
and Richardsonia grandiflora, Cham. & Schlecht., and R. pilosa, H. B. K. ; Borreria cupu-
laris, DC., Diodia saponarioides, Presl, and .D. multiflora, DC., as well as Sabicea
humilis, S. Moore, are all lowly members of this order, belonging to which one may cite,
among the shrubs, Coussareas, Faramea coussarioides, S. Moore, Rudgea viburniodes,
Benth., Mapourea tomentella, S. Moore, Psychotria subcrocea, Muell. Arg., resplendent with
coralline peduncles and yellow flowers, Chiococca brachiata, Ruiz & Pav., the Amazonian
Randia Ruiziana, DC., var. longiflora, K. Schum., and the remarkable new Alibertia ver-
rucosa, with warted berries, made into a preserve by the Santa-Cruzans. Among mono-
cotyledonous herbs you will see, nestling in the shade of shrubby covert, the delicate
trumpet-shaped golden flowers of Costus acaulis, S. Moore, Calatheas, the new Maranta
longiscapa, and Renealmia Holdeni, Zygelia graminea, S. Moore, ground aroids (Caladium
heterotypicum and Aphyllarium tuberosum, both new to science), Herreria Salsaparilha,
Mart., and several others. A small brook, nearly dry in October, runs through the
settlement. On its bank or growing in its bed you may come across, inter alia, Aciotis
dichotoma, Cogn., and Acisanthora inundata, Triana, both Melastomacez ; Heliotropes
(Heliotropium indicum, L., inundatum, Sw., filiforme, H. B. K.), Conobea scrophularioides,
Benth., a little blue-flowered Scrophularia, and Polygonum acre, H. B. K. Peperomia
* I did not see this tree in flower at Santa Cruz, but our woodeutters by preference selected dead Lepacho wood
all the way up the river. If the Santa Cruz plant be not true Lepacho, it is most probably closely allied to it; at any
rate, it has the same peculiar greenish wood.
+ I did not pay special attention to this group, and, judging from the few specimens brought back, the various
local names are here applied to Palms specifically distinct from those known by the same names in the eastern
- provinces,
M
— —— MS 23
MR MM
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OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 273.
nummularifolia, H. B. K., clings to the shady trunks of trees, wherefrom hang the
gorgeous trusses of Cattleya superba, Schomb., the hitherto nearest known habitat
of which lies hundreds of miles to the north.
In grassy places one can gather Paspalums, Panicums, Setarias, Lleusine indica,
Gaertn., Leptochloa domingensis, Trin., and the little new Luziola pusilla, with which
specimens absolutely identical from Guiana are in the Herbarium at Kew. One may
complete the list by citing the names of a few lowly dicotyledons, such as Ruella humilis,
Pohl, with milk-white flowers, Stenandriums, the exceedingly common Scoparia dulcis,
Linn., Dianthera polygaloides, S. Moore, the peculiar Amazonian Stilpnopappus viridis,
Benth., Rhodocalyx rotundifolius, Muell. Arg., and the pretty little Desdemona pulchella,
the type of a new genus of Serophulariace:e.
The vplorer not having yet succeeded in surmounting the difficulties of navigation
between Villa Maria and Santa Cruz, an expedition was arranged with the object of
making its way through the forest to the Serra de Tapirapuan, the geology of which, it
was thought, might prove interesting. The forest covers a tract of land lying some
150 feet above the Paraguay. At intervals small streams, most of which run eastward
into the Brasinho, traverse the line of route, which latter soon becomes a narrow foot-track
used by the ** poayeros," or gatherers of ipecacuanha. There are no inhabitants except
during the period of securing the valuable root, which, in this part of Brazil, is the wet
season. For the accommodation of the poayeros small groups of palm-thatched huts have
been erected at various points in the forest. As will readily be understood, the obstacles
to the passage of a mule-train along such a track, ever liable to obliteration by the
encroachment of vegetation, are by no means slight, and it is owing partly to this that
my colleetion from the forest-region is not a large one; it was also necessary to hurry
on our way, as our supply of food was limited.
To judge from the descriptions of travellers, this forest has many points of resemblance
with other primeval forests of the country. Trees, supported sometimes on gigantic
boles, raise their lofty crowns far above the traveller; lianes of various kinds every-
where interpose to entangle the steps of his mule; tree-aroids may be seen perched far
beyond his reach ; epiphytic orchids abound. Except for the roar of an occasional storm
as it sweeps by, the deepest silence prevails—silence broken only now and again by the
crick-crick of a Cicada. Shafts of light slant through the living canopy to illuminate
the metallic lines of great Morpho butterflies heavily flopping through the semi-darkness.
Before you entered the forest, the probability is that the intense heat of the sun was
mitigated by a fresh breeze, and although the sun's rays cannot penetrate the sylvan
recesses, the wind also is shut out, and you experience a feeling of oppression in
consequence. Everywhere you will find the same kinds of shrubby vegetation, vegeta-
tion specially adapted to flourish in deep shade. Foremost among these shade-loving
plants are Rubiace:, especially species of Psychotria ; the epiphytic aroids are Anthuriums
and Monsteras; Peppers are conspicuous from the curious way in which their flower-
spikes stand out rigidly from their leaves, as if movements of the latter against the flowers
might cause loss of pollen; the little Peperomia nummularifolia, H. B. K., is everywhere;
tall Solanums, Tabernemontana bushes bearing white flowers exhaling a strong scent as
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 20
274 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—-PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
of new-mown hay, and species of Erythroxylon, Alloplectus, Bignonia, Ischnosiphon,
Dalechampia, Guarea, Allophyllus, swell the list of these dwellers in the twilight glades.
Orchids you may gather in plenty, most of these, however, not in flower during
September; chief among those then in bloom are Cattleya superba, Schomb., and Rodri-
guezia secunda, Ruiz & Pav. (the latter, like the former, hitherto not found in this part of
Brazil), also Dichzeas, Notylias, &e. The chief feature to notice about this forest-flora is
its strongly pronounced affinity with that of the great Amazonian country to the north.
I shall return to this matter later on.
Now and again the track will emerge from dense forest to cross a short stretch of
campo, at the most not more than a few hundred yards in width. The origin of these
small campos must, I think, be ascribed to fires, for it is difficult to understand how
conditions favourable to forest-growth should suddenly cease and become operative again
at so short a distance. There is, of course, the alternative suggestion that the district
has been the theatre of much physical change, and that these strips of campo occupy
the sites of large rivers which formerly drained the region. But there are reasons for
preferring the former view. Close to Tapirapuan, however, the case is different. There
the forest ends suddenly, and after passing a narrow fringe of cerrado, you descend upon
a grassy campo about a mile in width, beyond which, flanked by a similar cerrado fringe,
suddenly rises the tree-clad Serra de Tapirapuan, here trending almost due east and west.
One is led to suspect that the waters of a broad river may at one time have flowed down
this grassy valley, and to-day a small stream, probably larger during the rainy season,
does actually meander through it. I obtained but few plants on the campo, Bletia catenu-
lata, Ruiz € Pav., a beautiful ground orchid, hitherto found, unless 1 mistake, only in
Guiana and Peru, the new Herpestis parvula, a tiny inhabitant of the streamlet, and
the Cycad, Zamia Brongniartii, Wedd., being almost all. This Cycad I afterwards
found in plenty at Santa Cruz, which place marks the S.E. limit of known Cycad
distribution in South America.
Our provisions being nearly exhausted, we hastened back to Santa Cruz, from which
place we had been absent a week, and a few days after, on Oct. 5th, we were joined by
the party in the Explorer. With the boat two expeditions were made: in the first of
these we ascended the Rio dos Bugres, which was soon found to be no longer navigable,
whereupon we proceeded in a canoe up that river and up the Rio Brasinho for some
distance through the forest. Among the plants found hereabout may be named
Mouriria guianensis, Aubl., Mapourea Martiana, Muell. Arg., Psychotria subcrocea,
Muell. Arg. ; Anemopegma sylvestre, a new Bignoniad with white flowers ; a new Dichea
(D. cornuta), near D. graminoides, Lindl., from Guiana; Epidendrum variegatum, Hook.,
very common on trees overhanging the river ; another orchid, apparently an Epidendrum
belonging to the section Amphiglottium, with the curious habit of producing new shoots
from its persistent flower-scapes ; and Randia Ruiziana, DC., var. longiflora, again. Our
second journey was up the Paraguay, with the object of reaching Diamantino if possible.
The river runs through a belt of forest, beyond which, out of the reach of the precipitated
moisture derived from fluviatile mists, there is much open campo. In the shade of
these riverside strips of forest grow plants often conspecific with or nearly related to
Rae cu c UE SE a E SM UM isa
G A EA i A aii
1
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 275
those found in the great forest; and the flora as a whole has a large Amazonian element,
not unalloyed, however, with a considerable proportion of East-Brazilian types. It
must suffice to mention here Ingas (Inga nobilis, Willd., and J. edulis, Mart.), the flowers
of which are often haunted by clouds of white and yellow butterflies belonging to the
genus Callidryas ; a Sloanea (probably S. Mawximowiczii, K.Schum.) ; the beautiful shrub.
Miconia stenostachya, DC., with masses of white bloom variegated by the yellow of its
anthers; the red-blossomed Passion-flower, Passiflora vitifolia, H. B. K.; Faramea
bracteata, Benth., a Goyaz plant; Psychotrias; Zpomea setifera, Poir. ; the Amazonian
Croton Cajucara, Benth.; a Vanilla with ensiform leaves, probably Y. ensifolia, Rolfe—a
New Granada species; the new Bromelia sylvicola; and Epidendrum imatophyllum,
Lindl., a Guiana orchid.
We did not succeed in reaching Diamantino, and, on our return to Santa Cruz, were
still without satisfactory intelligence concerning the prospects of the main expedition.
It was now the rainy season, and the district was frequently visited by thunderstorms,
which almost always came, so far as one was able to note, from the north, north-east, or
north-west. In consequence of the rain, a number of plants growing in the drier
situations suddenly burst into flower, so that collecting became very profitable. Things
continued in this state till Dec. Sth, when we received directions to come down to
Corumbá. On the way 1 made use of several small opportunities to collect plants while
wood was being cut. We stayed a few hours at Villa Maria, now better known by its
modern «name, San Luiz de Caceres, and arrived at Corumbá soon after midnight on
Dec. 17th.
Corumbá is situated on the western—here, in consequence of a turn in the river,
southern—side of the Paraguay, almost the 19th parallel of south latitude. The town
stands upon a bluff overlooking a wide expanse of low-lying country to the north, much
of which is said to be under water during some period of the year. The geological
structure is a hard limestone, the age of which Dr. Evans was unable to ascertain in
consequence of the absence of fossils, but which is almost certainly Palzeozoic. Consider-
able quantities of rain having fallen since the time of our passage up the river, the
aspect of things vegetable was now very different, and many plants were preparing to
blossom or were actually in flower. Several rough tracks run out from the city through
dense boscage, consisting for the most part of tall shrubs or small trees, larger trees being
now and again met with. Fringing the river-side is a low-lying sandy area plentifully
strewn with bushes and variegated with ponds and small pools, the haunt, I was told, of
the Victoria regia, a statement I was unable to confirm. In one place this low-lying
land is about 400 yards wide ; elsewhere it is narrower, or the bluff may come close up
tothe water. At the time of our former visit, the greater part of this ground was under
water although it was the dry season—the fact being that during the up-country wet
season the water is low at Corumbá, and vice versá ; yet the seasons are synchronous, or
nearly so, in the two regions—a striking testimony, this, to the extent of country drained
by the Paraguay river. Walking by the river-side you will be surprised at the large
amount of Croton scrub (C. nivifer, corumbensis, doctoris, all new species) exhaling its
peculiar aromatic odour, evidently very attractive to insects ; Cassias ( Cassia alata, Linn.,
202
276 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
and Tora, Linn.) are in full flower in January. Dianthera paludosa, Sm., Cuscuta obtusi-
flora, H. B. K., Ipomea fistulosa, Mart., sometimes forming dense thickets, Leonotis
nepetefolia, R. Br., frequently occur, and Momordica Charantia, Linn., spreads a literal
carpet over large spaces of ground. Climbing the shrubs are the Amazonian Centrosema
vexillatum, Benth., also Phaseolus lasiocarpus, Mart., Bignoniads, Ipomceas, and Passion-
flowers ; and the Goyaba tree, here often attacked by the Loranthad Psittacanthus cordatus,
Blume, and covered with its red blossoms at this time of year, is a feature in the landscape.
On the slopes facing the river and on the top of the bluff many plants will be found : such
as Coccolobas ; Jatropha vitifolia, Mill., in wearying iteration ; an orange-flowered Cereus ;
Pereskia Bleo, DC., with its pale purple flowers; Thyallis Laburnum, a Malpighiaceous
shrub new to science, reminding one, when blossoming, of our familiar Laburnum tree ;
a fine Leguminous tree, Pterocarpus Rohriü Vahl, with species of Sesbania, Bauhinia,
Psidium, Ranwolfia, Thevetia, Julocroton, and many others; while of climbers we have
Bignoniads, Teremnus volubilis, Sw. (like Centrosema vexillatum, Benth., an Amazonian
species) a flowerless Dioscorea with bright purple leaves, Rhabdadenia Pohlii, Muell.
Arg., Thinouia sepium, S. Moore, &c. The pretty little Talinum crassifolium, Willd.,
grows in masses upon the open ground, accompanied by a Cyphiacanthus, flowering
specimens of which I, by some oversight, failed to secure. The streets of the town are
enlivened by the brilliant blossoms of Cesalpinia puleherrima, Sw., planted here of
course; and at the custom-house are some fine fig-trees (Ficus Elliotiana, 8. Moore).
Crateva Tapia, Linn., too, with its spreading leafy branches, affords most grateful shade.
The river has its usual fringe of **camalote" mingled with grasses, Jussiveas, &c., and large
islands composed of these plants float out from the neighbouring “riacho” or backwater
called the Bahia de Caceres and become stranded along the shore, where the camalote
is greedily eaten by cattle and pigs.
Our stay at Corumbá lasted six weeks; it was varied by a short trip to Carandajinho,
a small wood-cutting and cattle-raising station a few leagues up river. Here I found,
upon marshy ground liable to inundation, large pink trusses of Rhabdadenia Pohli,
Muell. Arg.; Cassia aculeata, Benth., /ZEschynomene sensitiva, Sw., Byttneria campestris,
S. Moore, and a Corynostylis,an Amazonian genus of which I saw no signs further
up the river, were also gathered. In the ponds here were found the handsome aquatics,
Thalia geniculata, Linn., and Echinodorus paniculatus, Micheli. Festooning the trees on
the river-bank was Macfadyenia laurifolia, Miers; but I was able to do but little work
here, and that only in the immediate neighbourhood of the boat, to which latter I was
confined by indisposition during most of the time our visit lasted.
We left Corumbá in the Explorer on Feb. 1st, having a few days previously been
joined by Lieut. Storm, who in the meanwhile had gone to Buenos Ayres with the view
_ of placing himself in telegraphic communication with Europe, and had returned with
intelligence of so unsatisfactory a character that no option was left him but to abandon
the expedition. On our way down we called at Coimbra, picturesquely placed on the
|. western bank of the river. Here we paid a visit to some limestone caves, which
_ Weddell* tells us he also explored. To reach the caves you have to make your way
nv * Ann. d. Sc, Nat. 3™ série, xiii. p. 61 (in note).
JF
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 277
. through tall grass, as high as a man. This grass is Andropogon condensatus, H. B. K.,
var. paniculatus. Growing in the grass you will see here and there the Allamanda-like
Thevetia bicornuta, Muell. Arg., a Paraguayan species found as far to the north as
Corumbá, and on the river-bank you will find Angelonia Gardneri, Hook., Teramnus
volubilis, Sw., the curious Baillonia amabilis, Bocq., Tephrosia brevipes, Benth., Mimosa
cinerea, Vell, and grasses (Panicum, Setaria, Imperata brasiliensis, Trin., and the new
genus Pogochloa), while the inevitable camalote swarms at the waterside.
There is little more to tell. Soon after leaving Coimbra we reached the region of the
Caranda forests; dead logs of these trees were taken.on board, for they yield excellent
fuel. On Feb. 3rd we were at Puerto Pacheco, a small settlement founded by the
Bolivians, but then in possession of a Paraguayan force. A short ramble in the neigh-
bourhood yielded several plants of interest, including Prosopis ruscifolia, Griseb., a Chaco
type with very large and strong spines; the Argentine Tabebuia nodosa, Griseb., a curious
plant having Cuban affinities; Coccoloba paraguariensis, Lindau; Paspalum simplex,
Morong; and new species of Wissadula, Mimosa, Morrenia, Croton, and Julocroton.
But we could make no stay here; our funds were exhausted, and it was necessary to
hasten on to Asuncion; at that place, which we reached on Feb. 7th, the expedition
was disbanded.
SHORT SKETCH OF THE CLIMATOLOGY OF MATTO Grosso.
In order that we may understand the origin and nature of, and satisfactorily study
the relations borne by the flora of a country to that of neighbouring regions, some
knowledge of its climate, if it be not essential, is, at least, manifestly advantageous. I
trust therefore that no apology is needed for presenting to the reader the following short
sketch, to a large extent compiled from various available sources. Nor have I refrained
from adding a few observations made by myself during our expedition. It must be
understood that at Santa Cruz, the climatology of which is quite unknown, with the
exception of a couple of ordinary thermometers, we had no recording instruments
whatever; that we went there in the expectation of making but a short stay; and that,
for all we knew, the order for our departure might arrive any day. Hence it did not
seem worth while to commence a series of observations which must necessarily have
proved most imperfect, and were liable to cease at a short notice.
- The dry season lasts from March or April to September, and during this period storms
and rain are exceedingly rare. They do sometimes occur, however; thus, on the night
of Aug. 11th, when we were nearing Cuyabá, on our upward journey, a violent thunder-
storm, accompanied by a perfect deluge of rain, broke over the country. At the beginning
of September a premonitory storm or two pass over, soon followed by the regular wet
season. For a tropical country the rainfall is not high. Dr. Morsback *, as the result
of three years’ observations, got an annual average of 1166 mm., that is between 45 and
46 inches, only a trifle greater than the rainfall at Rio. The reason for this must, I
think, be sought in the geographical position of the city, and in the nature and direction
of the prevailing winds, which blow mostly from the north, north-west, and north-east.
* * Revista do Observatorio,’ Rio, 1890, p. 91.
278 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
These winds bring moisture from the low-lying Amazonian region, moisture which is,
however, largely intercepted by the high plateaux lying to the north of the province.
On the other hand, south winds, generated in or having to pass over the dry Pampas,
will not carry much moisture with them. To judge from our experience at Santa Cruz.
and at Corumbá, there is much fine weather during the wet season, several days of
brilliant sunshine sometimes intervening between the storms; and this is borne out by
the observations of Lt.-Col. Americo Rodrigues de Vasconcellos * at Cuyabá, this
observer recording for January and February 1889, the middle of the wet season, only
11 and 15 rainy days respectively.
The main feature in the temperature is its liability to great and sudden variations. I
may cite in illustration the testimony of Dr. Joáo Severiano da Fonseca t, who accom-
panied as doctor the Brazilio-Bolivian Boundary Commission of 1875-78. On June 19th
of one of these years, on the Cuyabá river, he noted a temperature of 35°C. at
2 o'clock ».«., and by 10 o'clock that night the mercury had fallen to 7^5 C.: that is, an
oscillation of more than 50 degrees F. within eight hours! This is, of course, an
extreme case. On another occasion he recorded a sudden fall, during a hailstorm, of as
much as 18^7 C. In the highlands frosts are reported to occur sometimes, nearly every
year, between June and September, and the Indians are occasionally frozen to death;
moreover, the young coffee-bushes are then liable to destruction. Fonseca also says that
one morning, near the 16th parallel of south latitude, he saw the ground covered with
hoar-frost and the puddles frozen over, and this at the level of the river! During
Dr. Morsback's three years at Cuyabá, the temperature varied between 41*9 C. and
72.0. This temperature of 41”9 C. (upwards of 107” F.) is, so far as I am aware, the
highest on record for the province. Our highest at Santa Cruz was 38^5 C. on Monday,
Oct. 12th.
As an instance of tho daily range of temperature, 1 take the opportunity of citing
the following figures, deduced from De Vasconcellos’s observations at Cuyabá for
July 1888 1 :—
T A.M, 10 a.m, 1 P.M. 4 P.M.
Average monthly temperature in the shade...... 19906 C. 25798 C. 30-63 C. 30781 C.
The hottest period of the day is usually some time between 1 and 4 P.M. At Santa
Cruz the maximum was generally reached at about 3 P.m., though exceptions often occur,
the mercury at 6 o'clock sometimes standing higher than at any earlier hour of the day.
Moreover, the morning hours are occasionally the hottest.
The oscillations of the barometer are but slight ; the maximum monthly oscillation,
as set forth in the tables to which I have had access, amounts to rather more than
15 millimetres (Cuyabá, August 1888, De Vasconcellos), but this i is quite exceptional, as.
the subjoined figures will show :—
* * Revista do Observatorio, Rio, 1889, pp. 66 and 83.
T ‘Viagem ao redor do Brazil, Rio, 1881.
t ‘Revista do Observatorio, Rio, 1888, p. 185,
cR
. OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 279
Observations at Cuyabá made by Lt.-Col. Americo Rodrigues de Vasconcellos *.
Month.
Jul š
aoi eed Barometer reduced
to 00.:
|
|
|
Min. 745°28 ,,
Mean 748734. ,,
bus. 3673 C. (lowest day max. 34^9 C.).
ES 751:73 mm.
Temperature in the
shade: Min. 1405 C. (highest night min. 20^9C.).
Mean 28*:0 C,
Average tension of } 12-76.
aqueous vapour :
Relative humidity: 53:9.
Wind: variable on 17 days; N. or N.W. 8 days; S. or S.E. 6 days.
No rain fell during the month.
Max. 754-44 mm.
Min. 741°37 ,,
Mean 746:24 ,,
(ns. 39°-9 C. (lowest day max. 17?7 C.).
August Barometer reduced
1888. to 0? C. :
Temperature in the
: o. a r. i.
shade : Min. 1075 C. (highest night min. 24”6C.).
Mean 30?:2 C.
Average tension of
aqueous vapour : } -
Relative humidity : 44-6.
Wind: N., N.E., or N.W. during greater part of month; S. or S.W.
on 4 days.
Rainfall: 0:4 mm. on one day only.
September | Barometer reduced
Min. M6 ,
1888. to 09 C. : TA T
Mean 747:48 ,,
TS 40^-9 C. (lowest day max. 26°-9C.).
uo. 747:48 mm.
Temperature in the
1 O. * . . > '
shade : Min. 2075 C. (highest night min. 27?:1 C.).
Mean 30?:6 C.
Average tension 3 904.
aqueous vapour :
Relative humidity : 63:8.
Wind: N., N.E., or N.W. 14 days; S.W.2 days; variable 14 days.
Rainfall: 52:07 mm. Rainy days 10.
* * Revista do Observatorio, 1888 and 1889, passim.
280 MR.- SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Month.
: ies Max. 746:96 mm.
October Barome xdg uce f Min 73012 ,,
1888. to d Mean 743:27 ,,
T UE Max. 377:4 C. (lowest day max. 28°°9C.).
secu UTE E 21%8 C. (highest night min. 26°1 C.).
"puni. Mean 31*0 C.
| Average tension «T
* 21:60.
aqueous vapour :
Relative humidity : 66.
Wind: N., N.E., or N.W. 15 days; S. or S.E. 2 days; variable 14 days.
Rainfall: 38:8 mm. Rainy days 10.
Max. 747710 mm.
Min. 741:04 ,,
Mean 744°30 “a
P v
fa. 3979 C. (lowest day max. 2974 C.).
January Barometer reduced
1889. to 0? C. :
Temperature in the
1 990. . ; A o. i
disi: Min. 22°1C. (highest night min. 25°-4 C.).
Mean 30?:4 C.
Average tension of
} 21:87.
aqueous vapour :
, Relative humidity : 68°7.
| N.W. wind predominant.
| Rainfall: 145:7 mm. Rainy days 11.
February Barometer reduced Max. 747-19 mm.
1889 to 0? C. : Min. 740:90 »
duca aec Ml Mean 744707 ,,
Temperature in the
Max. 37*9 C. (lowest day max. 29°9C.).
shade : f
Min. 22°2C. (highest night min. 222 C.).
Mean 30°7 C. |
Average tension of l |
21:90. A
aqueous vapour: . i
Relative humidity : 680.
Predominant wind : N.W.
Rainfall: 138:8 mm. Rainy days 15.
March " Barometer reduced Mer: E:
1889. ` inge to 0°C.: Min. 740:99 ,,
E | cx Mean 744.62 ,,
Max. 38°5 C. (lowest day max. 27”9C.).
Min. 2295 C. (highest night min. 24^6 C.).
Mean 29°8 C.
Temperature in the
shade :
. Average tension of
Ira.
aqueous vapour: .
Relative humidity : 69:8.
| Predominant wind: N.N.W.
| Rainfall not given.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 281
Month.
April 1889. | Barometer reduced
| in. 741:32
| to 0°C.: Min. 741:32 ,,
Mean 745:50 ,,
T 3778 C. (lowest day max. 21? C.).
bra. 748:58 mm.
Temperature in the
AT: O.« qun G is i o: ae
ata: Min. 15%3 C. (highest night min. 23%5 C.).
Mean 29?:5 C.
Average tension of
19:95..
aqueous vapour :
Relative humidity : 6658.
Predominant wind : N.
Rainfall not entered.
| It will here be useful to append Dr. Morsback’s * results, obtained at the cost of
| three years’ observation at Cuyabá, from July 1884 to June 1887 :—
Highest mean 750-757 mm.
Barometer : | tows mean 738-740 ,,
Annual mean 744-745 ,,
p O.
f vd Po > Monthly mean { Highest 250 C. Sept. -May,
Temperature in the ; Mean 26°25 C. A NE:
shade : Mean temperature at 7 a.m. 21*:9C.
» ^ » 2 P.M. 88°77 C.
E - 2 » 9 P.M. 239-06 C.
Average annual rainfall: 1166 mm. Mean of rainy days: 85.
A few figures have recently been obtained for Corumbá ; they are here recorded :—
Observations made at Corumbá by the Matto Grosso Military Engineering Commission
under Capt. Jorge dos Santos Almeida +.
apes Max. 751:0 mm.
More... Barometer : | Mi, 7409 ,,
1889. Mean 7464 ,,
Temperature in the ( Max. 36°-4 C. (lowest day max. 2675 C.).
shade : Min. 17°5C. (highest night min. 2774 C.).
Rainfall: 189-9 mm. Rainy days: 13.
Predominant winds: N.E. and N.W.
Max. 751:1 mm.
Mec Barometer : E 799'3 ,, mes :
vbt Mean 7459 .„
Temperature in the f Max. 3578 C. (lowest day max. 23°4C.). —
shade : Min. 18?3 C. (highest night min. 27^5 C.).
Rainfall: 240-9 mm. Rainy days: 15.
| Wind : Generally N.E. or N.W.
* * Revista do Observatorio, Rio, 1890, p. 91.
T Ibid. 1890, pp. 30, 47, 63.
SECOND SERTES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2P
282 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Month, -Max. 753:3 mm.
. January Barometer : y Min. 7420 ,,
1890 *. | Mean 7475 ,,
| Temperature in the ( Max. 3378 C. (lowest day max. 24*7 C.).
| shade : Min. 198 C. (highest night min. 2790 C.).
| Rainfall: 150°5 mm. Rainy days: 11.
| Wind: Predominantly N.E. or N.W.
Here follow a few figures obtained by myself at Santa Cruz during the few days of
my confinement to the boat from indisposition, which prevented collecting :—
Shade Temperatures at Santa Cruz, Nov. 1891 (Centigrade scale).
Nov. 19th. p.m. 1, 33%5; 2.30, 34°; 3.0, 35°5; 4, 353; 4.30, 35°3; 5, 88°5; 5.30, 29?7.
A.M. 7, 26°; 8, 26”8 ; 9.15, 29°; 10.15, 3075; 11.15, 3293.
Nov. 20th. f : ie "um s
P.M. 12.15, 33°; 1.30, 34°; 2.30, 35°5 ; 4, 35°; 5, 84^8; 6, 32°5; 7, 29°.
A.M. 6, 19°; 7, 19°; 8, 26°8; 9, 30°4; 10.80, 34°2; 11.30, 3598,
Nov. nas dra 12.30, 35?-2; 1.80, 35°; 2.30, 365; 3.30, 36? 2; 4.30, 32°; 5.80, 28^8;
6.30, 27?:3.
8.30, 2375; 9.30, 24?:7 ; 10.30, 28°°8; 11.30, 29?2.
12.80, 31°2; 2, 32°; 3, 82°; 4, 30? 5, 264; 7.15, 25°.
6.45, 20°°6 ; 7.45, 21°3; 9.15, 24°5; 10.15, 27?-8; 11.15, 30?-4.
1, 31”6; 2, 32? ; 3.15, 32%5 ; 4.15, 32°2 ; 5.30, 318; 6.45, 30°4; 8, 26%3,
6.30, 20°2; 7.30, 22?-6; 9, 26”-8; 10:30, 31”2; 11.30, 33?'5.
2.15, 8375; 8.15, 34°; 5.15, 34°5; 6.15, 34°; 7.15, 30°2; 8, 28%4,
7,2223 8,28 DB; 9, 27°; 10, 822: 11, 8878.
12.30, 35°; 1.30, 35°; 2.30, 338; 3.30, 348; 5, 357; 6, 35°; 7, 382,
Nov. 27th. { €
P.M.
Nov. 28th. umm
P.M.
Nov. 29th. tx
P.M.
Nov. 30th. { mi
P.M.
Weather at Santa Cruz.
Nov. 16th. Fine day with fresh breeze ; no rain; distant thunder. Temperature at 1 o'clock 32-20.
17th. Fine day, fresh breeze. A little rain in morning. Temperature at 2 o'clock 34° C.
18th. Distant thunder early afternoon: thunderstorm from N.E. early evening. Temperature
shortly after 2 o'clock 36°C.
19th. Distant thunder heard in the south at 4 p.m.
20th. Overcast morning ; fine afternoon ; no rain; no thunder.
21st. Fine morning ; short rainstorm in afternoon, with a little distant thunder. Lightning
in S.E. during evening.
32nd. Heavy thunderstorm from N.E. lasted several hours this morning.
23rd. Rain during night, with some lightning.
24th. Heavy rain for upwards of an hour in morning. Fine afterwards.
25th. Heavy shower from S.W. during morning. No thunder.
26th. Fine day; no rain; no thunder.
27th. Thunderstorm from S.E. between 7 and 8.30 a.m. with heavy rain. Lightning in
evening.
* By a clerical error this is given as a result for Dec. 1889.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 283.
Noy. 28th. Brilliant day; no rain; no thunder.
29th. Fine day, only very slight shower of rain.
30th. Early part of evening stiflingly hot; thunderstorm burst soon after 8 P.M.
Dec. Ist. Fine day. Highest temperature 37°-3 C., just before 5 o'clock.
2nd. Fine day, without rain. Highest temperature precisely as on preceding day.
3rd. Fine morning. Afternoon a distant thunderstorm, with little rain.
The above figures show the diurnal range of temperature, and bring out clearly the
fact that, at least in November, the air is hottest after 2 P.M. ; indeed, on Nov. 29th and
30th the maximum was not reached before 5 o'clock, and, remarkably enough, at
7 in the evening of the latter day the mercury actually stood higher than at any hour
of the two days preceding the 29th. A cursory inspection of the weather column
will show a confirmation of the statement already made, that intervals of brilliant
weather may be experienced during the wet season ; thus, for the week ending Dec. 2nd
we find, but for a couple of thunderstorms, fine weather prevailing throughout.
THe BOTANICAL GEOGRAPHY OF BRAZIL.
For the earliest generalizations of any practical value bearing upon the botanical
geography of Brazil we must go to Von Martius, whose views were adopted in those
earlier volumes of his great ‘Flora Brasiliensis’ which were published before the
eminent traveller’s death, and are still recognized in the various parts issued and now
issuing. Martius distinguished the low watered plains of Brazil as the Naiad region,
while to the tropical mountain forests of Rio de Janeiro and the eastern coast he
applied the term Dryad region. The back parts of the provinces of Bahia and
Pernambuco have an exceedingly hot and dry climate, which the uplands of Ceará,
Piauhy, and the neighbouring provinces also share; this is the Hamadryad region.
An Oread region is also distinguished; it comprises the uplands of Minas Geraes,
Goyaz, Matto Grosso, and Sao Paulo. The small portion of the country lying south
of the Tropic of Capricorn Von Martius distinguishes as the Napea region. In the year
1872 appeared Grisebach’s ‘ Vegetation der Erde,’ a work which may fitly be called
the first modern attempt to grapple with the problems pertaining to the distribution
of plants over the whole globe. For the bulk of Brazil Grisebach recognizes only
two regions; his extra-tropical part he includes in his Pampas region. The northern
of these two regions, or Amazon region, corresponds with the Naiad region of Von
Martius; its northern limit runs nearly parallel with and close to the Equator, while
in the south-east its boundary includes Ceará, Piauhy, and Maranháo, and is continued
westward to the neighbourhood of the Andes, but without anywhere reaching the
limit of 10° S. latitude. The rest of tropical Brazil Grisebach unites into one large
Brazilian region. Engler’s * views are somewhat different. He objects to the inclusion
in the Amazon region of the dry Piauhy, Ceará, and Maranhao uplands, and he sees
no reason why the whole of the country drained by the Amazon and Tocantins rivers
and their feeders should not be included in one province f, with which he throws
* © Versuch einer Entwickelungsgeschichte der Pflanzenwelt.’
+ He excludes, of course, the strip of country bordering on the Andes ; this constitutes his Subandine province.
2P2
284 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
in Guiana, a country united by Grisebach with Venezuela and parts of Colombia
and Central America to form his Cis-Equatorial region. In this way Engler defines
a North-Brazil-Guiana province. Besides the rest of Brazil, his Sowth-Brazilian
province comprises Uruguay, Paraguay, the Argentine provinces of Entre Rios and
Corrientes, Eastern Bolivia, and the comparatively high-lying country immediately
westward of the Chaco. This latter he considers doubtful land, possibly with a
predominating Pampas flora. Engler's North-Brazil-Guiana province—taking in, it
may also be said, the Venezuelan savannas—thus includes almost the whole of Goyaz,
as well as the little-known northern part of Matto Grosso; the southern boundary of this
province will be the watershed between the Xingu, Tapajos, and Guaporé rivers to
the north and the Paraguay and its feeders to the south. From Drude's* Amazonas
region the highlands of Guiana are excluded, but all the N.E. of Brazil, including the
littoral almost to the 20th parallel, forms part of the region whose southern limit
practically coincides with that of Engler’s North-Brazil-Guiana province. All the
south of Brazil, with Uruguay, Argentina east of the Parana, the country behind
the Chaco, and Eastern Bolivia together make up the Paraná region of Drude, which
thus largely corresponds with Engler’s South-Brazilian province.
There can, I think, be but little doubt that Engler’s views are founded upon reason.
Bounded on the north-east by the uplands of Maranháo and Piauhy, which, to say
nothing of the tract of country lying still further to the east, are scarcely to be
considered as having much in common with the moist Amazon forest-zone—in the
east and south-east separated from Minas Geraes and Southern Goyaz by several
ranges of high hills, such as the Serras do Duro, da Tabatinga, and divisóes do Rio
Claro,—orographical data are certainly on the side of the Berlin Professor. The weak
point in his position consists in the fact that the watershed separating the Paraguay
head-waters from those of the Xingu, Tapajos, and Guaporé is a remarkably low one;
well, therefore, might the thoughtful student doubt whether that watershed really
marks the boundary between the two great provinces, and, as will shortly be shown,
the collections which I have just brought back prove such a doubt to be warranted.
A few words will first be devoted to the flora of Cuyabá and the Chapada Plateau,
after which we will consider the flora of Santa Cruz and, more interesting still, that of
the forest-region situated to the north of that settlement.
FLORA oF CUYABÁ AND THE CHAPADA PLATEAU.
The city of Cuyabá lying fifteen and a half degrees south of the line, cursory inspec-
tion will convince the reader that it is well within the limits of Engler’s South-Brazilian
province as of Drude’s Paraná region. We should therefore expect its flora—especially
the plateau portion thereof—to show much similarity to that of some of the eastern
provinces, especially the upland country of Minas Geraes and Southern Goyaz. At the
same time the provincial boundary is not very far off, the distance between Cuyabá and the
sources of the Arinos being only about a hundred miles. Consequently no surprise should
* * Die Florenreiche der Erde.’ Reprinted from Petermann’s * Mittheilungen, 1883-84,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. . 285
be felt at stray plants characteristic of the Amazonian country turning up near Cuyaba ; I
did not meet with many such plants, but there is a certain percentage of that element in
the flora, as will directly be shown.
For the purpose of this and the following chapters, as also in the systematic portion
of the present memoir, I have employed certain geographical expressions which must
now be explained. The term “ Bras. Or.” is used to denote the whole of the eastern and
south-eastern part of the country, from Ceará and Piauhy to Rio Grande do Sul, including
Bahia and the neighbouring littoral provinces, Minas Geraes and the southern end of
Goyaz. By “ Amazonia” I mean the whole of the Amazon and Tocantins basin with
the exception of the former’s extreme western end, which comes within the Subandine
province; excluding, too, Northern and Central Goyaz, a district in my opinion certainly
forming part of the North-Brazil-Guiana province, but kept distinct as tending to show,
more satisfactorily than would otherwise be the case, the relations of the Matto Grosso
floras to the flora of different portions of the above-named province. For the same
reason Guiana-—restricted to English, French, and Dutch—receives separate mention.
The other districts are political, as it is sometimes extremely difficult if not impossible to
discover of what botanical province a given plant is a denizen—a remark of special
reference to the north-western parts of the continent.
With a view to making the following statements as wide in their application as possible,
I have diligently sought out the affinities of the species considered to be new, entering
the result within brackets at the end of each description, but in these cases using italics.
On the other hand, the known distribution of a species already described is given ina
similar way, but without italics. This method of ascertaining the affinity of a new species,
and considering such affinity when found as evidence of phytogeographical value, has
much to be said in its favour, especially in the case of one who has exhaustively mono-
graphed the genus to which is referable any given plant so dealt with; though, in less
favourable circumstances, explicit reliance upon an author's conclusions can hardly be
expected. however laboriously he may have reached them. The only alternative is, when
tabulating one’s results, to omit all the new species from the calculation, an unsatisfactory
method when, as in the present case, a large number of species are new.
Of the flora now to be considered, as of most of the other floras, the chief factor is the
Tropical American, consisting, that is to say, of species having a wide range through the
American, or at least South- American tropics. No less than thirty-five per cent. of the
flora is of this nature *. There is also a large contingent (twenty-six per cent.) of types
occurring both in Eastern Brazil and in some part of the North-Brazil-Guiana province.
The element next in importance is the East Brazilian (twenty-four per cent.) ; while the
North-Brazil-Guiana province is represented to the extent of only ten per cent. Other
small elements of the flora are the East-Brazil-Paraguay, the East-Brazil-Goyaz—Paraguay,
and the East-Brazil-Amazonia-Paraguay, together making up between two and three
per cent. In accordance with Engler’s scheme, the first of these should be included in
the South-Brazilian flora, and the two latter dealt with in the enumeration of species
* Here and elsewhere decimals are omitted.
286 MR, .SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
common to the two provinces into which the Berlin Professor divides Brazil. Making
the requisite modifications in the foregoing statement, the flora of Cuyaba and the
Chapada Plateau may be said to be made up of the following factors :—
Bee, Tropical American [euer ceses senses 35 per cent.
Common to the two Brazilian provinces ............ S uU a
HON MANERA CIE EE E xs EN s
Nori Braai- Gumna n. e te roy aur emer haa DO o
Of this last factor it may be added that—
Types restricted to Amazonia constitute ............ 40 per cent.
[rne restricted to Goyaz B Fco OI ee aD uo
Types of wider distribution eco xix e iia Mis
We have already seen the rainfall of Cuyabá to be, for a tropical country, but scanty ;
moreover, the dry season, while it is of long duration, is very seldom interrupted by
storms. The vegetation of the open country, as distinguished from that of the moister
valleys, should therefore show some adaptation to xerophilous conditions. The swollen
rootstocks, characteristic of many Matto Grosso herbs and small shrubs, are undoubtedly
in point here; an examination of the underground parts of trees and the larger shrubs
would probably show this adaptation to be yery common. Coriaceous leaves also are the
rule; and the trunks of trees are often thickly covered with cork, apparently functioning
as a hindrance to transpiration. The same end is often served by great diminution
in the number of leaves, so that it is by no means unusual to see shrubs perfectly leafless
except immediately beneath the inflorescence. The assumption by leaves of a position of
least insolation is rarely observed : Xylopia grandiflora, A. St.-Hil., which has them verti-
cally pendent, and Myrcia ambigua, DC., are the best cases noted by me. Spiny plants
do not occur in any great quantity.
Among noteworthy North-Brazil-Guiana species, or species having their nearest aflinity
with such, may be cited Banisteria constricta, Griseb., Bauhinia cumanensis, H. B. K.,
Inga nobilis, Willd., and the new species Guatteria sylvicola, Glianthus collinus, Laden-
bergia chapadensis, and Ajouea pruinosa, Among genera abundantly represented in
Eastern Brazil, but here dying down, none is more noteworthy than the Labiate Hyptis.
Of this genus no less than a hundred and sixteen species are peculiar to the South-
Brazilian province, while those endemic in North-Brazil-Guiana number but five, and of
the forty-five species common to both provinces only six reach Amazonia. Similar facts
may be cited for the genus Begonia and others; they might well lead us to suspect, as is
actually the case, that at Cuyabá we are near the limits of a botanical province.
FLORA OF JANGADA.
The flora of this place may be taken as representing that of the large district to the
north of Cuyabá lying between the Cuyabá and the Paraguay rivers. The various factors
of the flora, as shown in my collection, may be stated thus :—
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 287
Diffused Tropical American: donas isis. nase 27 per cent.
Common to the two Brazilian porno = BP gg
5outh Brazilian- o to ita NE a
North-Brasil-Guiané Vea a ie oci B uon
Comparing this with the Cuyabá flora, one notes diminution in the Tropical American
as also in the North-Brazil-Guiana element, compensated, however, by an increase in
the number of types common to the two Brazilian provinces. The South-Brazilian
contingent is approximately identical in the case of both floras. One may conclude that
the present flora, like that of Cuyabá, is markedly South Brazilian in character, and
except for the high percentage of species common to the two Brazilian floras, yields but
slight indications of the fact that at Jangada we are in the neighbourhood of another
floristic province.
FLORA OF SANTA CRUZ AND THE NEIGHBOURHOOD.
For the purpose of the following computation, I have included under this head not
only the plants found in the open country at and close to Santa Cruz, but also those
gathered during our expeditions above that settlement up the rivers Paraguay, dos
Bugres, and Brasinho. Since it is highly probable that the two latter flow through the
primeval forest at least in the upper part of their course, the plants gathered upon their
banks should perhaps have been added to the primeval forest list. It is, however, very
difficult, in passing up a river with densely wooded banks, to say how far the thick
boscage extends, and whether or no the country soon becomes more open. Mr. Holden,
. who, at our halting-places, used to push his way through the littoral “ matto ” in search of
sport, is of opinion that, at least in the case of the Paraguay, open campo is soon reached.
This, however, can scarcely be correct so far as the Brasinho is concerned ; for although
in our forest expedition we did not strike this river, yet several of its feeders, such as the
San Pedro, Alegra, and Palmitar, were forded, and the banks of these streams showed
striking similarity to those of the Brasinho. Moreover, the fact of ipecacuanha being
found near the latter river points to the existence of much forest-land there.
The flora is composed of the following items :—
IM EFOPICHL Ameriein * oo. 5cic cos. ciaren eni 37 per cent.
Common to the two Brazilian provinces ............ AM E y
Nor Bran Goles ................—. cone. AP s iu y
mouth Braha cesos TU NUBE AEN 1d A".
If the reader will take the trouble to refer to the Cuyabá figures, he will find the
second item precisely the same in both cases, and the first approximately so. The per-
centage of South-Brazilian types has, however, fallen from twenty-five to thirteen, while
the North-Brazil-Guiana percentage, at Cuyabá but ten, is now nineteen; or, speaking
roughly, one element has undergone lessening and the other increase to the extent of a
hundred per cent.
It may, perhaps, not be wholly uninteresting to show the distribution of the species
common to the two provinces, as of those endemie in the North-Brazil-Guiana province.
288 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Of the species common to the two Brazilian provinces we have :—
From Goyaz and Bras. Or. (or with nearest affinity to such species) ...... 38 per cent.
From Amazonia, Goyaz, and Bras. Or. » ua cu uc 290 5. 4
From Amazonia and Bras. Or. M M WS uw ANE 13 o0
From Goyaz, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Bras. Or. pe oi Se R IRA es
From Goyaz, Guiana, and Bras. Or. à ON M aN T ais
From Bolivia and Bras. Or. ds nis cea ee A uw
From Guiana and Bras. Or. dá PW Om M A 2
From Goyaz, Amer. Cent., Bras. Or. C ee i 5
From Goyaz, Paraguay, Bras. Or. 2: i c x n o. i o5 p
Of the North-Brazil-Guiana species there occur :—
ih Amazoma ahid DONE oot Al 76 per cent.
EUER eir EEUU vlt A Tae oa Hu»
A Ca Ie E OL dio aide re eR cH b. ni
DESEE. d luc Uic PA EU osku Cosi eel eati B uw
It must not be forgotten that the inclusion in the Santa Cruz flora of plants found
growing on the banks of the Rio dos Bugres and Brasinho tends somewhat to enlarge
the North-Brazil-Guiana factor in that flora. In spite of this, one may consider the
flora as containing a comparatively large North-Brazil-Guiana element and a smaller
South Brazilian. At Santa Cruz, therefore, we have a mixed flora in which North-
Brazilian plants somewhat predominate, and the assertion that Santa Cruz ought to be
included within the bounds of the North-Brazil-Guiana province will, it is trusted, be
deemed in no way unreasonable.
The statement just made may be supported by some additional data. One of the
most singular facts in the whole range of phytogeography is the South-American distri-
bution of Cycads, an order which, although in the northern hemisphere reaching to
Florida and the Bahamas, is nowhere represented in the eastern part of South America.
This is the more remarkable because in the Old World we find Cycads as far north as the
thirty-third parallel, while in Australia and at the Cape they almost or quite attain to
the thirty-fifth degree of south latitude. Moreover, most of eastern South America is of
high geological antiquity, so that « priori one would certainly expect to find Cycads
there. But whatever be the reason of their absence, the occurrence of a Zamia (Z. Brong-
miartii, Wedd.) at Santa Cruz close to the fifty-seventh parallel of longitude is worthy of
notice. This species has been found in Eastern Bolivia at St. Xavier (lat. 16^ 10), a place
about a degree further south than Santa Cruz, and this, so far as is known, is the southern
limit of the order in America. The nearest neighbour of this Zamia is Z. Poeppigiana,
Mart. € Endl., found by Poeppig on the banks of the Tocache river in Eastern Peru, just
within the bounds of the Subandine province ; but, as Eichler * observes, it will probably
be discovered within the Amazonian region, a region within which no Cycad has yet been
met with. But although Cycads are not known from the North-Brazil-Guiana province,.
as defined by Engler, the occurrence of Zamia Poeppigiana near the boundary of that.
* Mart, Fl. Bras. iv. pars i. p. 416.
Sie ati NAO SA
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 289
province and of other Cycads further to the north-east, coupled with the entire absence
of the order from Eastern South America, justifies us in viewing the existence of a Zamia
at Santa Cruz as an indication of a North-Brazil-Guiana aflinity as distinguished from a
South-Brazilian affinity in the Santa Cruz flora.
Negative evidence is also of value in considering the nature of a flora; and although I
do not propose to deal with this part of the subject at all exhaustively, a few facts may
here be mentioned. I saw no species of Begonia at Santa Cruz or in the neighbourhood *.
Now, of eighty-three species of Begonia enumerated by Alphonse de Candolle in the
fourth volume of Martius's * Flora Brasiliensis,’ all are East Brazilian except one Amazonian
and one from Matto Grosso. Among Malvaces the absence of the genus 4butilon—a
genus abundantly represented in the South-Brazilian provinee—is worthy of remark, as
is also the paucity of Composite, which in the same province appear in great force, both
generically and specifically. Neither is the rarity of Labiatew without significance, of
which order several genera and many species are endemic in Eastern Brazil: not one of
these genera, such as Cunila, Hedeoma, Keithia, Glechon, was met with at Santa Cruz.
Moreover my collection from Santa Cruz does not contain any representative of such
preponderantly South-Brazilian genera of Scrophulariacez as Angelonia, Schwenkia,
Brunfelsia, or Stemodia. The Gesneras, too, are wanting at Santa Cruz; according to
Hanstein t, Eastern Brazil claims nearly 80 per cent. of Brazilian species, the localities of
the remainder being doubtful. On the other hand the genus Drymonia, with head-
quarters in Costa Rica, is endemic at Santa Cruz.
The occurrence at Santa Cruz of the new genus Brosimopsis is an indication of the
affinity of its flora with that of Amazonia, where several small or monotypie genera of
Artocarpee flourish. Brosimum Gaudichaudii, Tréc., however, a characteristic East-
Brazilian plant, is also met with at Santa Cruz. Unfortunately most of the orchids there
were out of flower during our stay, but the short list of those in flower is very suggestive
of the flora’s northern affinity. Thus the Amazonian and Guiana Cattleya superba,
Schomb., flourishes at Santa Cruz, as also do Epidendrum imatophyllum, Lindl., a Guiana
species, Notylia bisepala, 8. Moore, of which N. Huegelii, Reichb. f., from Mexico, seems
the nearest ally, and Dichea cornuta, S. Moore, a species coming nearest to the Guiana
D. graminoides, Lindl. A curious narrow-leaved Vanilla, which, when its flowers are
known, will probably prove identical with V. ensifolia, Rolfe, from New Granada, should
also be noticed. Lastly we have two remarkable grasses: one of these is the lowly
Luziola pusilla, S. Moore, a species found also in Guiana; the other, a new species of
Pariana belonging to the section with scapose inflorescences, a section found in Amazonia,
but banished from Eastern Brazil.
In addition to those above-named, the following is a short list of some remarkable
Amazonian plants, or plants with Amazonian affinity, met with at Santa Cruz and in
the neighbourhood :—
* In fact, no species of this large tropical genus was seen by me in Matto Grosso,
t In Martius's * Flora Brasiliensis, vol. viii.
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2Q
290 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Vismia japurensis, Reichardt. | Stilpnopappus viridis, Benth.
Psidium insulincola, S. Moore. | Tabernemontana hirtula, Mart.
Passiflora coccinea, Aubl. |. Maderosperma oblongum, S. Moore.
Anguria gloriosa, S. Moore.
Randia Ruiziana, DC., var. longiflora, K. Schum.
Faramea bracteata, Benth.
Oryctanthus ruficaulis, Eichl.
Croton Cajucara, Benth.
| Neea hermaphrodita, X. Moore.
Salicea novo-granatensis, K. Schum. |. Renealmia Holdeni, S. Moore.
Of the more remarkable Eastern Brazilian plants at Santa Cruz, the subjoined is a
short list, viz. :—
Ozalis hirsutissima, Zucc. | Rhodocalyx rotundifolius, Muell. Arg.
Hirea sepium, A. Juss. Brosimum Gaudichaudii, 'Tvéc.
Baccharis tridentata, Vahl. | Herreria Salsaparilha, Mart.
But with regard to this list one must remember how little—really almost nothing—is
known of the South-Amazonian region. This it is which renders doubtful the exclusion
of any of these plants from Amazonia proper.
THE PRIMEVAL Forest FLORA.
It has already been mentioned that the forest extends northward from the immediate
neighbourhood of Santa Cruz over a gently undulating upland of low elevation as far as
to the Campos de Tapirapuan. In the gloomy recesses of the forest we should expect
to meet with a flora different from that of the more open country, so that, instead of
the latter’s xerophilous vegetation, we ought there to be confronted with hygrophilous
types. Moreover, in passing northward through the forest, we are ever approaching the
Amazonian plateau. Seeing, therefore, that the North-Brazil-Guiana element is already
strongly represented in the flora of Santa Cruz, one would a fortiori expect the forest
flora to show even more affinity with that of the country lying to the north. My results
under this head are somewhat unsatisfactory in consequence of the slender opportunities
of collecting afforded me during our expedition through the forest, and the consequent
small number of species secured. It is conceivable, however, that a few specimens,
plucked hap-hazard may well represent the affinities of a flora; and in the present case
the remarkable series of Amazonian species, and species with Amazonian or rather North-
Brazil-Guiana affinity, can scarcely be a false indication as to the nature of the flora as a
whole.
In this flora we find a large preponderance of North-Brazil-Guiana types, and, as
compared with the Cuyabá and Santa Cruz floras, marked decrease in the diffused
Tropical American and East Brazilian factors, as the following figures show :—
The constituents of the forest flora are
Diffused Tropical American ........................... 28 per cent.
e occ ois cere sm raro hao» aces a
Common to the two Brazilian provinces ............ Wu
BEN DENM iis ose cia O 25.
Mexican
rd Aii
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 291
The reader will also notice here the extremely small contingent of species common to
the two Brazilian provinces ; so that while at Cuyabá no less than eighty-eight per cent.,
and even at Santa Cruz seventy-eight per cent., of the vegetation consists of species one
might expect to find anywhere in Eastern Brazil, or of plants most nearly related to such
species, this element of the forest flora amounts to no more than forty-six per cent., the
proportion of species endemic in regions outside Eastern Brazil being at Cuyabá seventy-
three, at Santa Cruz eighty-four, and in the forest eighty-eight per cent.
Here is appended a short list of some forest plants with Amazonian distribution or
Amazonian affinity ; the distribution or affinity is shown within brackets :—
Guarea sylvestris, S. Moore. (Near the N.-Brazil-Guiana G. paraensis, C.DC.)
Pithecolobium stipulare, Benth. | (N.-Brazil-Guiana.)
Bertiera guianensis, Aubl. (N.-Brazil-Guiana, West Indies.)
Psychotria triphylla, Muell. Arg. (N.-Brazil-Guiana.)
Psychotria homoplastica, S. Moore. (Near P. lupulina, Benth., from Amazonia.)
Bletia catenulata, Ruiz & Pav. (Guiana, Peru.)
Rodriguezia secunda, H. B. K. (N.-Brazil-Guiana, Central America, West Indies.)
Anthurium gracile, Lindl. (N.-Brazil-Guiana, Central America, Trinidad.)
Anthurium sylvestre, S. Moore. (Near A. Martini, Schott, from Guiana.)
Hypolytrum longifolium, Nees. (N.-Brazil-Guiana, Trinidad.)
My notes contain no record of ‘the finding in the forest of a single plant restricted to
the South-Brazilian province, and there are only four with exclusive South-Brazilian
affinity; these are the new species Herpestis parvula, Solanum saltiense, Dalechampia
sylvestris, and Ischnosiphon nemorosus.
The smallness of the collection gives one but slight opportunity to study the ordinal
peculiarities of this flora. It may, however, be stated that the Rubiacew, Orchids, and
Aroids show decided affinity with those of the North-Brazil-Guiana province. Moreover,
one meets with Zamia Brongniartii, Wedd., on the Tapirapuan campos. The foregoing
facts, it is submitted, force upon one the conclusion that, unless the evidence yielded by
my collection be deceptive, the forest-region, although lying well within the Paraguay
Valley, must be included within the bounds of the North-Brazil—Guiana, and not, as
would naturally be supposed, within those of the South- Brazilian province.
FLORA OF CORUMBÁ AND COIMBRA.
Corumbá is situated close to the ninteenth parallel of south latitude, and Coimbra still
further south. The extreme northern end of the Gran Chaco being not far off, one
might expect to find, in the flora now to be considered, indications of the proximity of a
region of comparative drought; and this, as will soon appear, is to some extent the case.
The climate of Corumbá is much like that of Cuyabá, but I do not know what is
its annual rainfall. To judge from our own experience, we having spent six weeks
here in the middle of the wet season, the rainfall is probably less than at Cuyabá.
Throughout those weeks I do not remember a single day during at least some part of
which botanizing was impracticable; and although the district was occasionally visited
by violent storms, bright sunshine followed by a brilliant sunset was the general rule—
2Q 2
292 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
weather which could scarcely have been exceptional, as I was informed by an intelligent
old inhabitant, who expressed no surprise at the absence of rain, that Corumbá is a “ dry
place.”
The flora of this southern part of Matto Grosso is made up of the following factors :—
IIA Topical American ..... ook ves eene 42 per cent.
E a A wi eV a EAR weeks on i O
Common to the two Brazilian provinces .......... I0 S
North-Brazil-Guiana ............. POSU ua eee D^ E
The relatively large number of diffused species will be noticed, as also the great decrease
in the proportion of types common to the two provinces. The South-Brazilian contingent
appears in great force, and the North-Brazil-Guiana is correspondingly diminished. The
South-Brazilian factor is composed as under :—
E a ora do a ee ae wa ees 54 per cent,
Paraguay (extending into Argentina) ............ AT dg 5
Bras. Or., Paraguay, Uruguay .................. IS uo
And the common element thus :—
N.-Brazil-Guiana and Bras. Or. ................ 63 per cent.
N.-Brazil-Guiana, Bras. Or., and Paraguay ...... AD oe
N.-Brazil-Guiana, Paraguay, and Argentina ...... I0 no
Amazonian species, or species with Amazonian affinity, met with in the district under
notice are :—
Corynostylis pubescens, S. Moore. (This genus is not found in East Brazil, neither did I come across
it further to the north.)
Centrosema vexillatum, Benth. (A North-Brazil-Guiana plant.)
Teramnus volubilis, Sw. (Amazonia, Colombia, Central America, West Indies.)
Tephrosia brevipes, Benth. (Guiana, Colombia, Porto Rico.)
Pterocarpus Rohrii, (N.-Brazil-Guiana.)
Pacourina edulis, Aubl. (N.-Brazil-Guiana, Colombia, recently found in Paraguay.)
Macfadyenia laurifolia, Miers. ( Venezuela.)
The Argentine and Paraguayan element is illustrated by such types as :—
Stigmaphyllon calcaratum, N. E. Br. | Thevetia bicornuta, Muell. Arg.
Thinouia sepium, S. Moore, | Tabebuia Avellanede, Lorentz.
Paullinia angusta, N. E. Br. | Coccoloba sarmentosa, S. Moore.
Zizyphus oblongifolius, S. Moore. | Ficus Elliottiana, S. Moore.
Pereskia Bleo, DC. | Tillandsia streptocarpa, Baker.
Adaptations to xerophilous conditions in the form of swollen rootstocks, leathery leaves,
and stems invested in a thick clothing of cork are frequently met with in this region.
Several of the genera, such as Cercus, Pereskia, and Talinum, have fleshy leaves or
stems. Another interesting xerophilous plant is the new Zizyphus oblongifolius; this
has the narrow leaves characteristic of species endemic in warm or temperate climates,
and in habit is quite different from tropical species with their reduced spines and large
leaves; in fact, the plant is closely allied to one from the dry Argentine country.
ee -
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 293
REMARKS ON THE PROBABLE ORIGIN OF THE FOREGOING FLORAS.
It will scarcely be disputed that the whole of Eastern and Central Brazil has, in times
past, been a great area of evolution and of dispersal. Indeed, the large number of
peculiar genera endemic there—genera, many of them, monotypic or oligotypic—the wide
distribution of many of the species, and the high geological antiquity of this part of
South America are all evidence in favour of the proposition. To the student of phyto-
geography the question of interest here raised is, by what means was dispersal effected ?
Doubtless the movements of quadrupeds and of birds, wind, dust-storms, &e. have played
their part in South America as elsewhere, but I cannot help thinking another and even
more effectual means to have been brought into operation. A glance at the map of
Brazil will show that the country has two large water-sheds—an eastern, dividing the
waters of the Sao Francisco and Parahyba on the east and north-east from those of the
Tocantins on the west; and a western, running more or less east and west, interposed
between the numerous feeders of the Araguaya, Xingu, Tapajos, and Guaporé flowing
northward and westward, and those of the Paraguay with a southward flow. When these
rivers are in flood many fruits and seeds must certainly be carried down to the lower
country; consequently in the disposition of these water-sheds we can see means for
ensuring, firstly, wide disposal of species through Eastern Brazil, and secondly dispersal
of Central Brazilian types northward to Amazonia, and southward to the country watered
by the Paraguay and its feeders, such as the Cuyabá, Sipotuba, Cabagal, and Jauru rivers.
Moreover, from the Sáo Francisco-Tocantins water-shed may well have been derived
species whose distribution is Northern Goyaz and Eastern Brazil; and this may be offered
as a plausible explanation of the considerable resemblance there is between the floras of
Minas Geraes and Northern Goyaz, although the two districts fall within the bounds of
different phytogeographical provinces. Further, the large percentage of diffused Tropical
American types in the floras already dealt with receives a simple elucidation from the
fluvial geography of Brazil. The density of the vegetation upon the river-banks and its
comparative sparseness elsewhere have already been mentioned ; this fact must obviously
enhance the importance of the rivers as distributing agents. One may here refer to the
occurrence at Corumbá, as far south as the nineteenth parallel, of several Amazonian
plants not found in any immediate station, and, in spite of the strongly South-
Brazilian character of the Corumba flora, quite unknown in the eastern part of the
country. What hypothesis sounder than that here advocated can possibly be put
forward to account for this ?
But, besides this north and south distribution, there are clear indications as to the range
of many species of the Matto Grosso flora being dependent upon latitude. This fact will
be made clear to the reader on cursory examination of the distribution of species
given in the following pages. He will see that a considerable percentage of East-
Brazilian types pass through Matto Grosso to Eastern Bolivia, but do not occur to
the northward. Similarity in the matter of rainfall is probably the reason of this, there
being a marked difference in that respect between South and North Brazil, and marked
agreement between the eastern provinces and Matto Grosso.
294. MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
I have already shown how greatly the flora of the primeval forest lying between
Santa Cruz and Tapirapuan differs from that of the open country extending to the
eastern bank of the Paraguay river. That such diversity should exist is not difficult to
understand. The flora of the open country behind the forest (Campos de Tapirapuan),
so far as my rapid visit enables me to judge, does not show much affinity to that of the
district round Santa Cruz, although external features are the same in both districts.
The interposition of a wide tract of forest land is undoubtedly answerable for this diversity.
In the forest peculiar conditions of light, heat, and moisture prevail—conditions
unfavourable to most plants adapted to the drier, hotter, and sunnier open country. We
may, therefore, regard the forest as a dense barrier impenetrable from either side.
Winged, bladdery, and pappose seeds and fruits might occasionally be conveyed by
winds across this barrier, but this would not be likely to happen often if the strip of
forest were broad. Berries and drupes, too, would not be distributed by birds, seeing
how different is the bird-fauna of the forest on the one hand and of open land on the
other, and for analogous reasons hooked fruits would be little likely to penetrate far.
On the whole, then, so slight are the means of communication between two open regions
separated by a broad strip of dense forest, that it would probably not be incorrect to infer
more floristic dissimilarity under these circumstances than if we had to do with an
equal breadth of water. Similarly, shade-loving forest plants would only occasionally be
transported across extensive intervening dry districts freely exposed to the ardours of a
tropical sun; and this obvious consideration leads one to believe that almost continuous
forest must extend from the Upper Amazonian basin to that of the Upper Paraguay,
most probably viá the Guaporé river.
Lastly, a quickly flowing river like the Paraguay at and near Santa Cruz must, in some
degree, tend to keep neighbouring floras distinet. Plants with edible fruits would indeed
be disseminated by birds; but ordinary fruits and seeds, and often also those provided
with wings or a pappus, &c., would fall into the water to be hurried away down stream.
At Santa Cruz I was prevented by indisposition from paying much attention to the eastern
bank of the river, but what little I saw of its flora pointed to decided floristic difference
between the two river-banks, difference which, at the time, seemed to me accountable
only in the way just mentioned. Further observations, however, may prove this impression
to be unsupported by facts.
The collection has been worked up partly at the British Museum, partly at Kew. At
the former institution the Brazilian flora is illustrated by sets of Gardner, Spruce, Pohl,
Blanchet, Sello, Peeppig, Von Martius, Bowie and Cunningham, Weir, Claussen, Widgren,
de Mello, and Messrs. Ridley, Lea, and Ramage. Kew, with most of the above sets, boasts
the splendid results of the intrepid Burchell’s wanderings in the eastern part of the
country.* A fine set of Riedel's plants, a collection but poorly represented at the
Museum, is also preserved at Kew; so, too, are Professor Trail's Amazon specimens,
and a set of the very large and remarkable collections made by that enterprising veteran,
* One cannot but regret that much of the * Flora Brasiliensis" should have been written without examination of
British herbaria, especially the two under notice, For this reason, many nondescripts, chiefly of Gardner's and
Burchell’s collecting, exist in this country.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 295
M. Glagiou. Moreover, a number of A. St.-Hilaire’s types have recently been presented
to the Thames-side institution. I take this opportunity of expressing my conviction
that, when one remembers the comparatively small amount of attention devoted by
Britishers to the Brazilian flora as contrasted with their energy elsewhere, one has every
reason to be proud of both our National Herbaria, which, although probably not so rich
in plants of Brazil as the kindred establishments at Berlin and Paris, do certainly afford
help quite invaluable to the student.
It were to shirk a pleasant duty to end this introduction without recognition of kind-
ness received from many quarters in the course of my work. Thanks are especially due
to Mr. Carruthers, who allowed the plants to be stored at and distributed from the
British Museum, and who, in every other possible way, has furthered my labours.
Mr. Carruthers also examined and confirmed my determination in respect of the only
Cycad in the collection. The other members of the Museum botanical staff have, each
in his special department, most obligingly permitted me to take advantage of their
knowledge. Iam indebted to the Officers of the Linnean Society for kindly seeing the proofs
of this memoir through the press in my absence from England. All my friends at Kew
without exception, from Mr. Baker downwards, were ready with help in cases of difficulty ;
and more than once, when thoroughly beaten owing to the imperfect state of a specimen, T
was put upon the right track by Professor Oliver. Mr. C. B. Clarke very kindly undertook
the Cyperaceze, an order upon which he has bestowed an immense amount of time and
trouble; Commelynace:e also were determined by the same botanist. Mr. Scott Elliott
looked at the Figs, and indicated the novelty and affinity of one of these. Mr. Daydon
Jackson allowed me to consult advance sheets and MSS. relating to his great “ Index
Kewensis,” and this saved me much trouble, and prevented some errors. Nor must I omit
the names of several foreign botanists, who were good enough to examine and compare
certain specimens and send information on critical points; the list is, I believe,
exhausted on mentioning the following :—Professors Engler and Raa'kofer, Drs. Schu-
mann and Taubert, of Berlin, Dr. Warburg, and the late Dr. Morong. To these
gentlemen my best thanks are here recorded.
To Lieut. Olaf Storm and Mr. John Storm I am greatly obliged for doing all in their
power to further my work in every possible way, and also for allowing me to make use
of the map accompanying this memoir. Dr. Evans, Mr. Holden, and the other
members of the expedition rendered me much kind assistance, which I here gratefully
acknowledge.
I have also to acknowledge indebtedness to the Royal Meteorological Society,
through their courteous Assistant Secretary, Mr. William Marriott, for the opportunity of
access to records relating to the climate of Brazil. Nor should the great pains taken by
Mr. R. Morgan with the plants figured be left unmentioned.
Of the plants, the first set, with notes, &c., goes to the British Museum, the second
set to Berlin, and the third to Columbia College, New York; Vienna has the fourth,
and Kew the fifth. Small sets have also been sent to Paris, Rio de Janeiro, and
Edinburgh.
296 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
SYSTEMATIC PORTION.
DIALYPETALA,
THALAMIFLORA.
| DILLENIACE X.
DAVILLA LUCIDA, Presl, Reliq. Heenk. ii. p. 73.
-Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. floret. (N.109.)
[Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
DAVILLA LACUNOSA, Mart. in Flora, xxi. (1838), II. Beibl. p. 49.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson (n. 7) in Herb. Brit. Mus.). [Bras. Or. |
CURATELLA AMERICANA, L. Syst. ed. X. 1079; Sp. Pl. ed. II. 748.
Hab. Reperi inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florentem, itaque ad
Santa Cruz, ubi Licha nuncupatur. (Nn. 54, 423 4.) |Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ. |
DOLIOCARPUS DENTOSUS, Mart. in Flora, xxiv. (1841), II. Beibl. p. 65.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores prebet mens. Nov. (N. 535.) (Bras. Or.]
ANONACEA.
EPHEDRANTHUS, € tribu Uvariearum gen. nov.
(Plate XXI.)
Flores actinomorphi. Sepala 3, estivatione valvata. Petala 6, libera, biseriata, omnia
superne imbricata, inferne aperta, subzequalia, erecto-patentia. Stamina indefinita,
dense pluriseriatim imbricata, cuneata, a dorso compressa; connectivus sursum
dilatatus, incrassatus, truncatus ; anthere extrorsee. Torus hemisphericus, Frutex
diffusus, ramosus. Folia disticha, penninervia. Flores pusilli, unisexuales (an dioici?),
feminei ignoti, masculi extus sericeo-tomentosi, in axillis foliorum solitarii, brevissime
pedunculati; pedunculi bracteis latis 3-seriatis distichis, arcte imbricatis, alabastra
obtegentibus onusti. Carpella et bace:e ignotie.
EPHEDRANTHUS PARVIFLORUS, S. Moore; ramulis teretibus pubescentibus, demum
subobsolete puberulis; foliis breviterpetiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis vel obovato-oblongis,
obtusis acutisve, interdum breviter cuspidatis, basi gradatim angustatis ibique sub-
rotundatis, rarius levissime cordatis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra glabris, subtus, preeser-
tim in nervis, appresse pubescentibus, dein glabris; costis secundariis utroque latere
6-9, adjectis pluribus tertii ordinis, angulis variis, plerumque vero latis, insertis, primo
nunc leviter, nunc levissime arcuatis, deinde undulatim-fornicatim-conjunctis, supra
impressis, subtus eminentibus ; pedicellis ferrugineo-tomentosis, bracteis absconditis ;
bracteis rotundatis vel rotundato-ovatis, obtusis obtusissimisve, extus ferrugineo-
sericeis, intus levibus, puberulis; sepalis rotundato-ovatis, obtusis; petalis sepala
paullo excedentibus, sericeo-tomentosis, exterioribus ovato-oblongis, quam interiora
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 297
oblonga paullulum brevioribus, omnibus obtusis; staminibus circa S-seriatis parvis,
subsessilibus, antherarum loculis basi obliquis.
Hab. Crescit in sylvulis juxta Santa Cruz, ubi flores priebet mens. Sept. (N. 310.)
Ramuli usque 0:4 cm. diam., ultimi vero vix 0'1 cm., fusco-grisei, longitrorsum rimosi,
minute lenticelliferi. Folia 5:'5-11:0 em. long., 2°0-4°5 em. lat., supra vix nitidula,
subtus paullo pallidiora. Pedunculi 0'2 cm. long. Bractew basi late inserte, infimze
exiguz, superiores majores, illæ equidem 0:08 em. long., intermedie infimas plus
quam duplo excedentes, summe 0°35 em. long., omnes coriacese. Flores circa
0'8 cm. diam., dilute virides. Sepala vix 0-4 em. long., 0°37 em. lat., coriacea, extus
ferrugineo-sericea, intus appresse puberula et saltem in sicco castanea. Petala
submembranacea, exteriora 0°5 em. longa, omnia intus plus minus puberula. Torus
01 em. alt. Stamina modo 0:07 cm. long.; antherarum loculi 0:04. em. long.
Genus verisimiliter juxta Guatteriam interponendum, abs quá optime abhorret floribus
unisexualibus parvulis subsessilibus bracteis obtectis, petalis omnibus manifeste imbri-
catis nec unquam subvalvatis, et toro hemisph:erico.
This plant, on account of its «eestivation and the structure of its andreecium, is undoubt-
edly to be referred to the tribe Uvariæ. Probably it will come nearest to Guatteria, but
this will depend on the nature of the placentation. Should the carpels prove to be
many-ovulate, Ephedranthus wil have to be placed in the neighbourhood of the East
Indian Sagerea and Stelechocarpus, the former of which may have unisexual flowers,
while the latter is dicecious.
I have examined all the flowers it was possible to sacrifice, in order to ascertain
whether carpels are present, but in no case could a trace of one be found. The flowers,
therefore, if they be not dicecious, are at least unisexual; for myself I strongly incline
to the former supposition. Upon either view, the genus would be markedly different,
exclusive of other characters, from Guatteria,. the flowers of which are always
hermaphrodite.
Here follow a few notes upon various points of interest possessed by the plant :—
The stem * (Plate XX XVIII. fig. 1) is in no way abnormal as respects its structure.
The protoxylem is situated at the extremity of each mass of xylem, which projects some
distance into the pith; in its immediate neighbourhood are a number of small fibres and
tracheides, and these latter are succeeded further outwards by pitted tracheides and fibres
of ordinary appearance; the xylem parenchyme, which is comparatively rare, shows a
tendency to arrange itself in tangential lines. The soft bast is normal, while the hard bast
in each phloem region is composed of two or three masses of fibres, of which the outer-
most has the greatest thickness. These masses frequently run right across and so stop up
the medullary rays. There is a narrow pericycle ; it is bounded externally by a layer, in
some places double, of thick-walled cells forming a well-marked endoderm. The cortex,
especially its outer portion, is strengthened by means of frequent thick-walled sclerotic
parenchyme cells, a little way outside which, and close to the epiderm, is the phellogen
* Here and elsewhere in this part of my report on the botany of our expedition only a few of the more obvious
facts of structure have been recorded.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2R
298 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
layer. The medullary rays vary considerably in width; like the cells of the com-
paratively small pith-region, they are filled with spherical or elliptical simple or more
usually compound starch-grains, varying greatly in size, the largest being usually found
in the pith.
The leaves are inserted on a strictly distichous plan, but material for the study of the
arrangements of the leaf-traces is not available. The one point worthy of mention à
propos of the leaf-structure is that the stereome protecting the vascular bundles runs
right up to the epiderm, which latter tissue, where it overlies the bundles, is composed
of smaller cells than usual, and of cells often with somewhat thicker walls than else-
where; in other words, the epiderm itself can to a certain extent assume the appearance
of stereome, and this arrangement must obviously give great strength to the leaf.
Beneath the midrib, however (that is, on the lower side of the leaf), parenchyme inter-
venes between the stereome and the epiderm (fig. 3). Fig. 2 shows the upper surface of
the leaf seen from above; over the palisade tissue the epiderm cells are larger and have
the wavy borders so frequently possessed by epiderm; but the cells lying over the vascular
bundles are shorter and more angular, and usually, though not quite always, each of
them contains a single rhomboidal crystal. The leaves are bifacial in the most marked
degree, there being no stomates on the upper surface; each stomate is accompanied by
two subsidiary cells, often very unequal in size (fig. 4). Near the vascular bundles the
mesophyll seems to be continuous, without any intercellular spaces; further away,
however, it becomes “spongy.” Many Anonacee have glandular leaves, and
Ephedranthus is no exception to this, as sections show several glands immersed in the
lower part of the mesophyll. These glands are similar in appearance to those of
Stormia, shown in fig. 7 of Plate XX XVIII.
Like the leaves, the three series of bracts are strictly distichous. In the case of one
flower, however, which I examined, the sixth bract did not stand exactly over the fourth,
but had been deflected to a trifling extent towards one side, probably as a result of
abnormal pressure in the bud. In the diagram (Plate XXXVITI. fig. 5) it will be seen
that the position of the axis is not indicated; this I have not been able to ascertain,
owing to want of material.
The small pollen-grains are ellipsoidal in shape, and, except for a few fine striations,
are quite smooth. I could make out two pores, but never more.
GUATTERIA SYLVICOLA (sp. nov.) ; caule subtereti, leviter undulato, nigrescenti-purpur-
. ascente rufo-tomentoso, dein pubescente, demum glabro ; foliis maxime inzequalibus,
subsessilibus, elongatis, anguste oblongo-obovatis, cuspidatis, obtusis, basi cuneatim
angustatis, coriaceis, supra fere glabris, subtus, preesertim secusnervos, rufo-tomentellis ;
pedunculis solitariis, foliis longioribus, prope basin articulatis, indumento rufo-villoso-
tomentoso instructis; bracteis minutis ; sepalis late ovatis, basi paullo cordatis,
obtusiusculis; petalis obovato-oblongis, obtusis vel retusis vel brevissime bilobis,
sepala duplo excedentibus ; staminibus late linearibus obtusissimis; baccis ignotis.
Hab. In sylvis ad Serra da Chapada, alt. circiter 2000 ped. supra mare. Fl. Aug.
(N. 142.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 299
Folia 10:0-27:0 cm. long., medio 3:5-8:0 em. lat. Arbuscula habitu fruticis elati.
Caulis undulatus, demum reticulato-insculptus, 0'4 cm. diam., margine undulato ;
costee secundarize utrovis latere 15-20, adjectis paucis tertii ordinis, angulis latis
alternatim insertis, raro subopposite, rect:e, infra marginem subito fornicatim con-
junctee, costis pag. sup. eminentibus, nervis laxe rectieulatis, parum prominulis ;
petiolus 0°5 em. long., incrassatus, late canaliculatus, rufo-tomentosus. Bractew
ovatze, acute, tomentose, 0:2 em. long. Pedunculi 1:0-1:5 em. long., erecti. Sepala et
petala crassa, illa extus rufo-tomentosa, 0'8 cm. long. et lat., heec 1:5 em. long., apice
vix 1:0 em. lat., paullo supra basin ad 0°6 em. angustata, juxta basin rufo-, superne
cinereo-tomentosa. Torus stamineus 0°14 cm. alt. Stamina 6-seriata, circiter
0:12 cm. long. Gynzecium 0:3 em. diam., 0:22 em. alt., medio levissime elevatum ;
carpella tetragona, rufo-tomentosa, cum stigmate prominulo 0:2 em. longo.
Videtur prope G. Ouregou, Dun., ponenda, sed diversa, prveter alia, ob folia majora
et comparate angustiora, basi cuneatim angustata, pedunculos solitarios foliis
breviores, &c. [Amazonia.|
DUGUETIA FURFURACEA, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. p. 24.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi fructificantem habui mens.
Aug. (N. 163.) [Bras.Or.]
DUGUETIA SANCTA-CRUCIS (sp. nov.); caule tereti, in sieco rimoso, leviter furfuraceo,
deinde fere glabro et suffuscente; foliis coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, elongatis:
lanceolatis, obtusis, acutis, vel cuspidato-acuminatis, supra nitentibus, subtus
arctissime furfuraceo-tomentosis, nervis subtus eminentibus; pedunculis solitariis,
erectis, petiolos longe excedentibus, juxta medium artieulatis; bracteis parvis,
rotundatis, obtusis ; ovariis linearibus, apice in stylum gracilem rectum vel incurvum
et ovario duplo breviorem desinentibus ; carpidiis (vix maturis) obovoideo-oblongis,
angularibus, sericeo-fusco-tomentosis, basi aspermis, rostro recto vel plerumque
ineurvo coronatis,
Hab. Crescit in sylvaticis ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 576.)
Arbor parvus, circa 6 met. alt., habitu fruticoso. Caulis ascendens, sat crebro ramosus.
Petiolus 0:4-0:5 em. long., sulcatus, incrassatus, arcte annulatim striatus, furfuraceo-
tomentellus ; lamina 9:0-21-0 em. long., 2°5-5-2 cm. lat., basi angustata vel levissime
rotundata, utrinque reticulato-nervosa ; costs secundarise utrovis latere 12-16,
adjectis paucis tertii ordinis, angulis variis latis inserte», primo rect vel undulatze,
dein dichotome fractee et antrorsum et retrorsum arcuatim porrectee, nunc simpliciter
ac magnopere arcuate. Bractew circa 0'5 cm. long., amplexicaules. Pedunculi
2:0 em. (sub fructu attamen 3:5 cm.) longi, superne leviter incrassati, furfuraceo-
tomentosi. Sepala, petala, et stamina desunt. Torus stamineus 0'15 cm. alt.
Gynecium 0:45 cm. diam. Ovaria 0:22 cm. long. dorso compressa. Fructus
immaturus fere 2:5 cm. diam. Carpidium basi carinatum 0'6-1:0 em. long.
basis asperma compressa, 0:2-0:6 em. long.; rostrum 01-02 cm. long., subulatum,
dorso compressum.
2R2
300 MR, SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Species propria ob pedunculos bracteatos forsan ad D. bracteosam, Mart., accedens, ab
ea vero affatim distat. [ Bras. Or. ]
STORMIA, e tribu Unonearum gen. nov.
(Plate X XII.)
Flores aetinomorphi, hermaphroditi. Sepala 3, reduplicato-valvata, crasse coriacea.
Petala 6, biseriata, zestivatione valvata, in corollam gamopetalam inferne connata,
interiora quam exteriora paullo minora, exteriora a calyce paullulum superata.
Stamina o , pluiseriata, arcte imbricata, anguste cuneata, connectivo apice truncato-
dilatato, loculis transverse rugatis, uniseriatim plurilocularibus, extrorsis. Torus
parum elevatus, apice late truncatus. Carpella 14-21, sessilia, circa 7-ovulata, stylo
infundibulari majusculo incrassato elongato integro coronata; ovula sub-1-seriata,
anatropa. Bacce (ex St.-Hil. & Tul.) “septis spuriis transversim multiloculares."
Frutex altus, vel potius arbuscula. Folia breviter petiolata, costis 'secundariis
plurimis percursa. Flores mediocres, solitarii, pedunculis exaxillaribus insidentes.
Receptaculum dilatatum, laminatum, paullo ultra sepalorum insertionem annulatim
productum.
STORMIA BRASILIENSIS, S. Moore.— Hexalobus brasiliensis, A. St.-Hil. & Tul. in Ann. Sc.
Nat. sér. II. xvii. p. 133. — Tgyneia brasiliensis, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. p. 24.—
Unona brasiliensis, Baill. Adansonia, viii. p. 305. Stirps fere 4-metralis, ramosa.
Rami abundanter foliati, subteretes, arcte tomentelli, nunc pubescentes, deinde fere
glabri et rimis anguste ellipticis notati, fusci. Folia oblongo-lanceolata vel oblocu-
lato-oblonga, breviter cuspidata, obtusa, raro obtusissima vel emarginata vel retusa, y
basi seepissime paullo obliqua angustata vel subrotundata, cito costá mediá appresse
tomentellá exempta glabra, nitida; costee secundariz utrinque 15-20, angulis fere
rectis paullulum decurrentim inserte, juxta marginem subito arcuatim-undulatim
conjuncte, utrinque prominule; venule laxe reticulate, utrinque eminentes.
Petioli circa 1:0 cm. long. aliquatenus complanati, tomentelli. Pedunculi circa
1:0 cm. long, plerumque plus minus decurvi, arcte albido-sericei. Flores
pallide virides. Alabastra trigona, paullulum ante floritionem circa 1:0 cm.
diam. Sepala ovata, obtusa, extus albido-sericeo intus tomento dilute ochraceo
munita, 1:2 cm. long., 0°8 cm. lat. Petala ovata, obtusa, interdum inequalia;
lamina libera, basi leviter cordata, albido-sericea, intus in sicco fusca. Receptaculum
0:4 cm. diam., aliquanto triangulare. Torus circa 0:15 cm. alt., apice 0:25 cm. diam.
Stamina 0'3 cm. long.; filamenta brevissima; connectivus sursum gradatim
amplificatus, apice parum incrassatus. Carpella linearia, albo-sericea, arcte conferta,
0:2 cm. long. ; styli ovarium semisequantes, apice pilis stigmatosis instructi. Baccæ
non suppetebant.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz, floret mens. Nov. (N. 523.)
Genus ad Unonam, necnon ad Asiminam, spectans. Ab illá attamen divergit imprimis
receptaculo dilatato, petalis parvis connatis, et staminibus rugatis; h:ec, contra, recep-
- taculo normali, petalis liberis, toro subgloboso, staminibus et stigmatibus disparibus,
ovulis biseriatis gaudet. Cum Zrigyneiá, cujus flores pusilli, receptaculum haud
A ci]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 301
dilatatum, et petala libera, et carpella indefinita, certe non congenerica. Hexalobus
tametsi petala basi connata, itaque flores parvos, receptaculum normale, stigmata
bipartita, carpella pluriovulata plerumque biseriata prebet.
Undoubtedly the most noteworthy feature about Stormia is the curious dilated
receptacle. On turning the flower upside down this appears as a membranous obscurely
triangular expansior. of the top of the peduncle, the sepals being inserted well within its
free rim. In this respect Stormia holds to other Anonace the position of Eschscholtzia
to normal Papaveracez, but the comparison must not be carried too far, as there is not
the least sign, in the Anonacex, of that perigyny which is so remarkable a feature in
Eschscholtzia. Curiously enough, authors have completely overlooked this dilatation of
the receptacle, although it is somewhat obscurely figured by St.-Hilaire and Tulasne.
The Australian Lupomatia, it may be observed, also has a dilated receptacle; but, inas-
much as the earpels are immersed in it, no valid comparison of that genus with Stormia
is possible. I cannot endorse Prof. Baillon's remarks (‘ Adansonia’ viii. p. 306) :—
“MM. Bentham et Hooker ont trés-sagement rapporté au genre Trigyneia Y Hexalobus
brasiliensis, A. St.-Hil. et Tul.” Baillon's views are very original, and if they were accepted
the genera of Anonace: would be greatly reduced in number. ‘Thus, he sinks not only
Trigyneia, but Melodorum and Cananga also in Unona, a genus which he regards as
embracing no less than fifteen sections, all founded on genera of former authors.
Moreover, Baillon, speaking of our plant, says (* Histoire des Plantes,' i. p. 212) :—* Sauf
l'union de ses pétales, cette espèce est tres-voisine de notre Unona Oliveriana y” and this
leads one to doubt whether the Paris Professor could have examined the Brazilian type.
The structure of the curious corrugated anthers of Stormia is alluded to further on.
It must suffice here to point out their resemblanee to those of that singular genus
Hornschuchia of Nees von Esenbeck. This genus Nees at first referred to Sapotacew,
soon removing it to Olacine:, and afterwards to Sapindacesx. Endlicher placed it
doubtfully at the end of Ebenaceve ; Lindley, also with doubt, among the Sapindacez ;
Meissner considered it to be a Sapotacea, while Miquel, after thorough examination,
suggested an entirely new affinity, viz., with Lardizabalese. In the * Genera Plantarum,’
on the other hand, Bentham and Hooker express their belief in its being Anonaceous.
Here is disagreement among the doctors indeed! The description of the flower is briefly
as follows :—There is a deep cup-shaped outer organ, presumed to be a calyx; the petals
are 6, biseriate and valvate in sstivation; 6 stamens are inserted on a slightly raised
torus, and the anther-cells are transversely corrugated, aud divided each into a longitudinal
series of chambers ; the pollen is compressed. There are three free carpels, each with 4
or 5 uniseriate anatropous ovules, and each crowned with a small stigma. The fruit is
a berry, to some extent spuriously septated; the ripe seed, unfortunately, is not known.
Were the receptacle of Stormia to become deepened, we should get something like the
calyx of Hornschuchia. But 1 suppose the latter organ must be a true calyx; otherwise,
on the hypothesis of affinity between Hornschuchia and Stormia, what has become of one
of the three outer whorls of its floral leaves? The paucity in stamens, when contrasted with
Stormia’s multiple andreecium, is a striking point of difference between the two genera ;
this, however, seems over-ridden by the remarkable septation of the anther-cells in both.
302 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
The pollen of Hornschuchia takes the form of large multicellular masses; that of
Stormia, though often consisting of single grains, is frequently found, even when
obtained from anthers apparently adult, to be more or less aggregated owing to per-
sistence of the special anther-cell’s walls (Plate XXXVIII. fig. 12). Except for the
number of its carpels, the gyneecium of Hornschuchia well stands comparison with that of
Stormia, and the septation of the berry is another point of agreement. Bearing all these
facts in mind, I certainly think the above-stated view of Bentham and Hooker to be that
one for which there seems to be the most warrant.
In the structure of its stem (Plate XX XVIII. fig. 5) Stormia presents no point of
special interest. There is a relatively reduced pith, of which the cells are filled with
small spheroidal or ellipsoidal starch-grains, sometimes simple, sometimes compound. In
the xylem there are numerous (about twenty) masses of protoxylem, and tracheides are
fairly abundant. Fibres of normal appearance make up most of the remaining part of
the xylem, parenchyme-cells being rare. In the phloem the fibres, parenchyme, and small
sieve-tubes with companion-cells are in every respect normal. The sections made by me
showed usually four groups of bast-fibres; of these the three inner have their long axes
tangential, the outer group being elongated in a radial plane. There is a well-marked
endoderm. The medullary rays, one, two, or three cells thick in the xylem, become
widened on passing into the phloem, and are here sometimes strengthened by single or
aggregated sclerotic parenchyme elements; similar elements are also to be seen in both
cortex and pith. The phellogen layer lies close to the epiderm.
[The venation of the leaf is peculiar and reminds one more of a Clusia than of an
Anonacea. The peculiarity is mainly owing to the presence of three nerves of tertiary
order in the interspace between a secondary nerve and its successor. These nerves run
more or less parallel with the secondary nerves, and they may anastomose with these or
with each other. 'There are no stomata on the upper surface of the leaf, and the
epidermal cells here contain each a single spheraphidal mass. The palisade parenchyme
is one cell deep, the layer immediately below it having it cellss somewhat elongated
perpendicularly. But few air-spaces occur in the spongy mesophyll, and even these are
small. Immersed in the lower part of this tissue are numerous glands of normal.
appearance. The cells of the lower epiderm usually contain one small mass of
spheraphides; rarely two such masses are seen, or a prismatic crystal takes the place
of the spheraphides. Stomates are numerous in this layer, each stomate having a couple
of subsidiary cells (fig. 6).
The arrangement of the leaf-traces is simple. The three bundles of the petiole unite at
the axil into a single strong common bundle which courses down through two internodes,
- and forks at the second node below that at which it entered the stem. Each of these
forks is markedly thinner than the parent bundle, and the shorter of them inserts
itself on the neighbouring trace of its own side close to the node, while the longer runs.
some distance down the third internode to finally unite with the same trace.
By referring to figs. 9-12 of Plate XXXVIII., the reader will at once understand the
structure of the anther. As seen in transverse section, the greater part of this organ consists
of the relatively large connective, composed mainly of a plexus of delicate cells with brown
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 303
walls, in which are immersed numerous sclerenchyme-cells of a yellowish colour; this
tissue is traversed by the exceedingly slender vascular bundle. Outside this come two
layers of larger cells with light brown walls, and of these the outer abuts on the delicate
epiderm. At each end of these two masses of light brown cells is a group of colourless
cells with somewhat thickened walls. The exothecium and endothecium are both normal,
and, even in the case of anthers from dried flowers, which are all that I have been able to
examine, remains of the more or less disorganized tapetum can be made out.
As has already been explained, the anther is multitubular, with loculi arranged one
beneath the other in linear series to the number of about fifteen (figs. 8 & 9). Between
each pair of loculi is interposed a delicate septum, of which the structure is difficult to
make out from dried anthers; each in surface view is seen to be composed of exceedingly
thin-walled cells, decreasing in size from periphery to centre. When the development of
these anthers comes to be worked out, I suppose it will be found that the archesporial
cells, instead of forming a continuous series, are interrupted by thin strips of indifferent
tissue. The anther-cells open in the usual way, beginning from above downward, and it
would appear that the septa are ruptured during the process; at any rate, in anthers
from which the pollen has fallen I could see no trace of septa. With the exception of
Hornschuchia, I know of no anthers with these serial loculi; they recall to a very slight
extent the anthers of the Mimosez.
ROLLINIA INCURVA (sp. nov.); foliis brevipetiolatis, lanceolatis vel lanceolato-oblongis,
obtusis, basirotundatis, coriaceis, supra nitidis velnitidulis, glabris, subtus pallidioribus,
minute puberulis; costis secundariis utrinque circa 12, angulis latis insertis, sub
margine undulatim et fornicatim conjunctis; pedunculis solitariis bigeminisve,
petiolos excedentibus, basi bracteatis, et juxta vel supra, nonnunquam vero infra
medium bracteolá parvá onustis, puberulis ; floribus modicis, calyce ferrugineo-
pubescente, corollz arcte ferrugineo-tomentose alis spathulato-oblongis ascendenti-
incurvis; fructu ignoto.
Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret. (N. 522.)
Frutex diffusus longiramosus, vix usque trimetralis. Ramuli teretes, purpurascentes
vel purpureo-grisei, leviter undulati, creberrime longitrorsum rimati, juveniles
puberuli. Foliorum lamina plerumque 10-0-14°0 cm. long. et 3:5-45 em. lat.,
deorsum parum obliqua; costa media supra impressa, subtus admodum eminens;
costs secundarise utrinque prominule; venule arcte reticulate, supra maxime
aspectabiles; petioli 0:S-1:0 cm. long. supra anguste canalieulati, puberuli.
Pedunculi usque 3:0 em. long. superne ampliati. Bractex bracteolseque ovate,
acutze, extus ferrugineo-tomentelle, circa 0'15-0'2 cm. long. Flores lutescenti-
virides. Calycis lobi abbreviati, rotundati, carnosuli, concavi, dorso carinati,
0:25 em. long. Corollse basi 0°7 cm. diam., ale usque 1:5 em. long., superne
0:65 cm. lat. Antherz 0:1 cm. long. Torus stamineus 0-2 cm. alt, 0:25 em.
diam., pubescens. Carpella albo-sericea, 0°15 cm. long. :
Ex affinitate R. orthopetale, A. DC., arbor cujus folia diversiformia, et petala majora
una cum calyce canescenti-tomentosa. [Amazonia, Guiana.]
304 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ANONA CORIACEA, Mart. Fl. Bras. xiii. I. p. 6, ex icon. et descript.
, Var. AMPLEXICAULIS (S. Moore). A typo distat imprimis foliis minoribus insigniter
amplexicaulibus. Forsan pro specie propriá existimanda.
` Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. Arrichicúm incolarum. (N. 517.)
Petala admodum incrassata, intus luteola.
Rhizomatis fimbrize ad vulnera a morsubus serpentum facta applicantur.
In habit our plant, which is frequent at Santa Cruz, is apparently different from
typical 4. coriacea, which Martius describes as having tortuous branches, inasmuch as it
is a lanky erect shrub, 4-6 feet high, and very sparingly branched, if at all.
The popular name “ Arrichicúm " is obviously merely a local variation of the Araticü
of East Brazil, a term applied to several species of Anona there native. |Bras. Or. |
ANONA DIOICA, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 34 (ex descript.).
Hab. Viget in locis apertis arenosis ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 693.)
Eandem plantam legerunt beat. Gardner ad Santa Rosa in provincia Pernambuco
(n. 2774 in hbb. Brit. Mus. et Kew) et beat. Burchell (n. 6390 in Hb. Kew). Crescit
itaque in Paraguaria, unde misit cl. Balansa (n. 2298). |Bras. Or., Paraguaria. ]
ANONA ($ GUANABANI) WALKERI (sp. nov.) ; caule abunde ramoso, ramulis subteretibus,
juvenilibus rufulo-tomentosis, mox glabris, sparsim lenticelliferis ; foliis brevipetiolatis,
parvis, maxime inzequalibus, ovatis, obtusissimis vel breviter apiculatis, basi paullo
rotundatis, interdum leviter coarctatis, supra puberulis, subtus piloso-pubescentibus,
membranaceo-coriaceis, obscure pellucide punctatis ; pedunculis folia subzequantibus
vel quam ea brevioribus, arcte rufo-tomentosis ; basin versus minute 1-bracteatis ;
bracteis subulato-linearibus, rufo-tomentosis ; sepalis parvis late triangularibus, longe
acuminatis, rufo-tomentosis; petalis exterioribus late ovatis, pet. interioribus
quam exteriores paullo brevioribus lineari-oblongis, omnibus acutiusculis, arcte
velutinis ; gyneecio depresse subgloboso rufo-velutino; fructu ignoto.
Hab. Crescit juxta urb. Cuyabá, ubi flores mens. Aug. preebet. (N. 38.)
Frutex erectus, circa 3 met. alt. Ramuli fusco-cinerei, saltem in sicco crebro et alte
rimati. Folia majora cum minoribus mixta, 2:4—5:8 em. long., medio 2:3-3'6 cm.
lat., subtus pallidiora ibidemque eximie nervosa; costee secundariz utrinque 6-8,
levissime curvatee, marginem versus dichotome indeque arcuatim conjuncte;
venule laxe reticulate, parum prominule; petioli non ultra 0:3 em. long.,
canaliculati, basi ampliati, rufo-tomentosi. ^ Pedunculi ad 3:2 em. long., medio
0:13 cm. crass., erecti, sub flore sensim incrassati, usque ad 0:8 em. a basi bracteati.
Bractez circa 0:25 cm. long. pedunculo appressee. Flores vix 3:0 cm. diam.
Sepala viridia, vix 1:0 cm. long. basi 0°5 em. lat., eorum acumen 0'7 em. long.
Petala exteriora 1-4 cm. long., medio 1:2 em. lat., pet. interiora 1:2 em. long., nec
ultra 0'7 em. lat.; pet. omnia carnosa, extus lutea, intus lactea, et secus medium
purpurea. Stamina 0'2 cm. long. Gynecium 0:2 em. alt., 0:3 em. diam.
. Videtur cum A. cornifolia, A. St.-Hil., et 4. spinescenti, Mart., comparanda, ab illá
abhorrens staturá altiore, foliis minoribus, pedicellis nec supra medium bracteatis, sepalis
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 305
longe acuminatis, ab hac vero ob spinarum absentiam, foliorum indumentum, pedicellos
l-braeteatos dispar, et, alias inter notas, sepalis omnino diversis facile dignoscenda.
The species has been named after Mr. J. C. Walker, a gentleman interested in botany,
whose acquaintance I made at Cuyabá, and who very kindly accompanied and helped me
while collecting near the city. [Bras. Or.]
ANONA ($ ATTE; PILEFLORA) SANCTA-CRUCIS (sp. nov.) ; caule erecto, ramoso, ramulis
teretibus, rufo-pubescentibus, dein fere glabris, pallide bruneis, abunde neenon grosse
lenticelliferis, in longitudinem crebre rimosis; foliis brevipetiolatis, oblongis vel
obovato-oblongis, obtusissimis, basi coarctatis, supra fere glabris, subtus, prsesertim
in nervo medio, minute rufo-pubescentibus, coriaceo-membranaceis, erebre ac
minute punctatis; pedunculis quam petioli longioribus, crassis, juxta basin
l-bracteatis, sericeo-velutinis; bracteis late ovatis, crini brevissimo coronatis; sepalis
deltoideo-ovatis, obtusiusculis, arcte velutinis; petalis exterioribus ovato-rotundatis,
obtusis, arcte rufulo-velutinis ; gyneecio subgloboso, tomentoso ; fructu subgloboso,
superne paullo coarctato, sparsim ac brevissime tuberculato.
Hab. In nemorosis ad Santa Cruz (Barra dos Bugres), ubi floret mens. Nov. et mens.
insequente fructum preebet. Nom. vernac. Ata. (N. 585.)
Arbor parva, circa 6 met. alt., erecta, ramos crebros patulos elongatos gerens. Folia ad
15°5 cm. long. (pleraque vero circa 12:0 cm.), medio 4'7-6'5 cm. lat., margine
levissime undulata, utrinque pulchre reticulato-nervosa; nervus medius supra
impressus, subtus valde eminens; petiolus crassus, puberulus, saltem in sieco arcte
transversim rimatus, 0°7 em. long., 0:2 em. crass., late canaliculatus. Pedunculus
vix 1:5 em. long. (sub fructu vero 3:5 cm.), medio 0:25 cm. crass. (sub flore ipso vix
0*4 cm., et sub fructu prorsus 0'4 em.). Bracteze 0*4 em. long., 0:3 cm. lat., firme,
velutinse, margine ciliolatee, crebre punctate. Flores virides, forsan circa 2:5 cm.
diam. Sepala 0:5 em. long., 0:6 cm. lat., firma, arcte albo-ciliata, punctata. Petala
(vix matura) circa 1:5 em. long., et medio 1:6 cm. lat., carnosa, utrinque velutina ;
petala interiora nobis non obvia. Gyn:ecium floris vix maturi circa 1:5 em. diam.
Fructus (edulis et ab incolis magni laudatus) fere maturus magnitudine eam
Citri aurantii zequans, 6'0 em. long., medio 6:0 em. lat. (sub apice modo 3:0 em.),
viridis, tuberculis nec ultra 0-1 em. e superficie minute scrobiculatá eminentibus
(nonnunquam vero evanidis) sparsim obtectus. Semina 1:3-1:4 cm. long., medio
0:9 em. lat., ad hilum 0°5 em. lat.; testa crustacea, lutescenti-brunea, nitens;
albumen normale. z
Speciebus ab omnibus e subsectione Oblongifloræ distat imprimis petalis ovato-
rotundatis. Inter reliquas forte juxta 4. echinatam, Dun., intercalanda, sed multis
de signis ab illa abhorret. [Guiana.]
XYLOPIA GRANDIFLORA, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 40.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. fructificat. (N. 202.) [Bras Or,
Amazonia. | d s
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2s
306 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
MENISPERMACE ZA.
CIssAMPELOS PAREIRA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1031.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Oct. (N. 475.) (In tropicis late disseminata.)
CISSAMPELOS TROPZOLIFOLIA, DC. Syst. i. p. 532.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. florentem. (N. 555.) [Peruvia.]
CRUCIFERA.
NASTURTIUM PUMILUM, Cambess. in St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. ii. p. 119.
Hab. Floret et fructificat ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 479.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
CAPPARIDEA.
CAPPARIS CYNOPHALLOPHORA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. p. 721, var. MICROPHYLLA.
Hab. Inter Corumbá et Ladario reperi mens. Jan. fructificantem. (N. 1045.)
[Amer. Trop. Austr., Ind. Occ. |
CRATAEVA TAPIA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 444.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret et fructificat mens. Jan. (N. 949.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.)
VIOLACE.
CORYNOSTYLIS PUBESCENS (sp. nov.); caule folioso, subtereti, in longitudinem rimoso,
crebre lenticellifero, pubescente, demum glabro; foliis sat parvis (maxime insequa-
libus), breviter petiolatis, ovato- vel obovato-lanceolatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis vel
sequaliter insequaliterve retusis, margine leviter undulatis seu serrulatis, pag. sup.
fere glabris, inf. pubescentibus vel puberulis; pedunculis gracilibus, folia excedentibus
vel subequantibus, pubescentibus; sepalis insequalibus, oblanceolatis vel oblongo-
ovatis, obtusis; petali antici limbo ovato, obtuso, margine undulato; tubo insuper
amplo hine deorsum sensim angustato, apice dilatato; pet. lateralibus late oblongis,
margine undulatis, pet. posticis quam lateralia multo brevioribus, obovatis, obtusis ;
staminibus oblongo-linearibus, quam sepala longioribus, apiculo rotundato-reniformi
coronatis; ovario oblongo compresso; stylo stamina subzquante, basi filiformi,
superne incrassato; capsulá non visi.
Hab. In campis juxta ripas fl. Paraguay ad Carandazinho, inter Corumbá et Dourados,
mens. Januar. simul floret et fructificat. (N. 910.)
Suffrutex parvus, crebre ramosus, circa 1 met. alt. Folia 1:8-5:5 cm. long., 1:0-3:0 cm.
lat., coriaceo-membranacea, eximie nervoso-reticulata, paginá superiore nitentia ;
costse secundarise utrinque 5-6, aperte arcuate, sub margine tandem conjuncte ;
petioli ad 0-5 em. long., pubescentes. Pedunculi usque ad 5'0 em. long. Sepala
03-035 cm. long., 0:1-0:18 em. lat., uninervia. Flores albi, odorati. Petali antici
limbus 07 cm. lat., hujus calcar 2:5-27 cm. long., sub apice 0'4 cm. lat. parte
angustiore 0:2 cm. lat., rectum vel parum curvatum. Petala lateralia 1*0 em., antica
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 307
vix 06 em. long. Staminum loculi fere 0°5 cm., apiculus 0:1 em. long., hie
dimidio superiore aurantiacus.
Corynostylidi hybantho, Mart., arcte affinis, diversa videtur equidem indumento, foliis
minoribus aliquanto diversiformibus, corolla tubo infra apicem insigniter angustato, dic.
[ Amazonia, Guiana, Nov. Granat., Venezuela, Ind. Occ.]
loNIDIUM LACTEUM (sp. nov.) Suffrutex? vix spithameus, dense flavescenti-villosus,
caule e rhizomate tenui albido obscure annulatim constricto, erecto, leviter angulato,
imá basi cataphyllis parvis flavescenti-bruneis, sursum gradatim in folia trans-
euntibus instructo ; foliis vix sessilibus, oblongo-ovatis, basi parum angustatis, antice
dentato-serratis, utrinque flavescenti-villosis ; pedunculis quam folia brevioribus,
villosis ; sepalis semipinnatifido-pectinatis, villosis; petalis dorso villosulis, intus
glabris, petali antici, calycem sub 3-plo excedentis, laminà transversim oblonga;
staminum anticorum filamentis dorso sub anthera incrassatis; glabris, antheris
brevissime appendiculatis; ovario villoso.
Hab. In campis ad Serra da Chapada alt. circa 1800 ped. Fl. Aug. (N. 187.)
Folia ad 1:2 cm. long., in sicco subtus pallidiora. Flores lactei. Sepala usque ad
07 em. long. anticum faleato-lanceolatum reliquis paullo majus. Petalum
antieum, calycem sub 3-plo excedens, ungue concavo angulato, calyci equilongo,
basi leviter dilatato, laminá transversim oblongá, obtusá, nervosá, margine crispulá
.et dorso villosulá, vix 1:5 em. lat.; intermedia duo antico haud multo breviora,
lineari-oblonga, dorso villosula; postica duo sepala subequantia, lineari-oblonga,
obtusa, 1-nervia, dorso villosula. Genitalia calyce breviora; anthere ovate, apiculo
tenuiter membranaceo spathulato parvo coronatz, loculis paullo obliquis ; filamenta
antheris longiora, complanata, glabra. Ovarium ovoideum, dense villosum : stylus
sursum dilatatus, glaber; stigma obliquum.
I. Ipecacuanhe proxima, distat vero ob folia minora, sepala breviora, petalum anticum
minus et obtusum (haud aperte emarginatum), petala intermedia lineari-oblonga haud
ovate-suborbicularia), antheras apiculo membranaceo loculis multoties breviore coronatas,
filamenta staminum anticorum glabra. J. villosissimum, A. St.-Hil., ob pedunculum folio
suffulciente longiorem, Z. Poayam, A. St.-Hil., et I. lanatum, A. St.-Hil., ob sepala integer-
rima faciliter nostrá a stirpe dignoscere potes. [Amer. Trop.]
[ONIDIUM COMMUNE, A. St.-Hil. Pl. Rem. p. 295.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá, mens. Jan. fiorens. (No. 1048.) [Bras. Or.]
IoNIDIUM OPPOSITIFOLIUM, Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. v. p. 395.
Hab. Crescit juxta fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, itaque inter Villa
Maria et Corumbá. (Nn. 822, 1023.) [Amer. Trop. Austr.]
ALSODEIA, sp. nov. ? aff. A. oVALIFOLLE, Britton in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xvi. p. 18.
Hab. Viget in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras, ubi fructificat mens.
Oct. (N. 502.)
282
308 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
This has almost exactly the leaves of Alsodeia antifolia, except for the absence of
soft pubescence on the back and on the petiole. The capsule is longer and nearly
glabrous, and, if the only capsule on the type-specimen at Kew be mature, firmer in
consistence, besides having narrower, more sharply acuminated and prominently reticu-
lated valves. I have not seen flowers. | Bolivia. |
SAUVAGESIA ERECTA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. p. 203.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Sept. (N. 754.) [Amer. Trop., Afr. Trop., Ind.
Arch. |
BIXINEA.
CocHLOSPERMUM INSIGNE, A. St.-Hil. Pl. Us. sub tab. 57, var. ? An sp. diversa ?
Hab. Florebat et fructificabat, foliis orbum, juxta Cuyabá mens. Aug. (N. 29.)
Dr. Warburg, who saw my specimens, considered it unsafe, in the absence of leaves, to
absolutely identify them. [Amer. Trop. ]
POLYGALACEA.
PoLYGALA RHODOPTERA, Mart. ex A. W. Benn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiii. pars iii. p. 11.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores dilute viridi-purpurascentes preebet mens. Nov. (N. 669.)
[ Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amer. Centr.]
POLYGALA HIRSUTA, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. ii. p. 45.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada. (No. 193.) [Bras. Or.]
POLYGALA HYGROPHILOIDES, (sp. nov.); caule quadrangulari, sursum sparse ramoso;
foliis brevissime petiolatis, infimis verticillatis, reliquis approximatis vel subdistanti-
bus, lanceolatis, apice acute mucronatis; racemis terminalibus, elongatis, pedunculatis,
cylindricis, densifloris; sepalis exterioribus oblongo-ovatis, apiculatis; alis corolla
multo longioribus, late obovatis, obtusissimis; carina cristá bipartità, segmentis iterum
bifidis superne dorso instructá ; seminibus subcylindricis, horum carunculà breviter
biappendiculata.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Brit. Mus.).
Planta spithamea, radice brevi sparsim ramoso instructa. Caulis in longitudinem
striatus, obscure 4-alatus, superne puberulus. Folia+2'0 cm. long. 0°4-0°7 em.
lat., glanduloso-punctata. Racemi pedunculis 2:0 em. long. attingentibus insidentes,
usque ad 6'0 em. long. vix 1:0 cm. diam., sursum angustati, apice inconspicue
comosi, deorsum cicatriculis florum dilapsorum muniti. Bractese lineari-
lanceolate, longe acuminatee, dorso obtuse carinatee ibidemque nigro-glandu-
lose. Sepala exteriora insequalia, carinata, sep. maximum 0:2 em. long.; ale
0:33 cm. long., 0:27 cm. lat., dorso carinulatze et nigro-glandulose. Petala oblongo-
ovata, obtusa, vix usque ad medium tubo staminali adnata, carinam galeatam in
fructu persistentem superantia. Antherz filamenta libera subzequantes. Stylus
brevis, crassiusculus, ovario sequilongus. Stigma cucullatum et cristá elongatá
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 309
superne preditum. Capsula cordato-suborbicularis, membranacea, 0'2 cm. long.
Semina fusco-brunea, hispidula, 0°15 em. long., 0:08 em. lat.; caruncule appendices
late oblongze, quam semen saltem triplo breviores.
Polygala Timoutou, Aubl., P. timoutoidi, Chodat, et P. hygrophile, H. B. K., affinis,
ab illis vero primo obtutu secernenda ob habitum ramosum et racemos elongatos
pedunculatos. Ceteram P. timoutoides sepala exteriora calva, carinse cristam parvam,
necnon seminum minorum carunculam longe appendiculatam ostendit, et P. Timoutou
racemos conspicue comosos, alas acutas, et semina appendicibus seipsam saltem semise-
quantibus instructa. P. hygrophila, planta elatior, foliis angustis, racemis et floribus
minoribus, carine cristá dentatá, seminum carunculá longius appendiculatá gaudet.
[ Amer. Trop. |
POLYGALA ANGULATA, DC. Prod. i. p. 328.
Hab. Reperi ad Serra da Chapada. (N. 188.) [Amer. Trop. |
VOCHYSIACEA.
CALLISTHENE FASCICULATA, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 126.
Hab. Ad Jangada flores suaveolentes preebet mens. Sept. ; mens. seq. floret ad Santa
Cruz. (Nn. 260, 539.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia. ]
CALLISTHENE, sp. nov., ex affinitate preecedentis, abs qua diversa videtur ob folia majora
(usque ad 16:0 cm. long. et 7:0 cm. lat. interdum attingentes) per paria plerumque
4-8 ramulis florentibus insidentia. Flores non suppetebant. Fructus admodum
minutissimi solummodo obvii, cylindrici, glabri, rugati, 0°5 cm. long. pedunculis
crassiusculis pubescentibus usque 1:0 cm. long. fulti, et stylo paulisper persistente
ssepe incurvo iis ipsis «equilongo coronati.
Hab. Frutex altus, vel potius arbuscula; crescit ad Santa Cruz. (N.731.) [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Bolivia. |
QUALEA GRANDIFLORA, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 133.
Hab. Crescit juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. Pautéra incolarum. (N. 740.)
The popular name, spelt as above, was given me by an intelligent inhabitant of Santa
Cruz. Martius spells it Pão terra, and this I suspect to be the correct rendering. The
fruit is mashed up and applied to sores at Santa Cruz. | Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia. ]
QUALEA PARVIFLORA, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 135.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. florescit. (N. 486.) : us
Mine is the * forma glaberrima "—/very different in its leaves from typical Q. parviflora,
but apparently identical in its flowers. [ Bras. Or.]
QUALEA PILOSA, Warm. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiii. pars ii. p. 45.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, Dec. florens. (N. 751.)
VOCHYSIA DIVERGENS, Pohl, Pl. Bras. Ic. ii. p. 19 (ex icon. et descript.).
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.].
310 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
SALVERTIA CONVALLARIODORA, A. St.-Hil. in Ann. Mus. Paris, vi. (1820) p. 266.
Hab. Viget passim prope Cuyabá, fructus gerens mens. Aug. (N. 28.) [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Amazonia. |
CARYOPHYLLEA.
POLYCARPON APURENSE, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et. Sp. vi. p. 33 (Pharnaceum depressum,
Linn.).
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Nov. (N. 601.) [In tropicis utriusque
orbis late dispersa. | ¡
PORTULACACEA.
PORTULACA OLERACEA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 445.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz. (N. 664.) [Latissime disseminata. |
PORTULACA PILOSA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 445.
Hab. Viget ad Puerto Pacheco. (N. 1052.)
I refer my specimen to Rohrbach’s Lusus I., forma a. [ Amer. Trop. et Subtrop. |
TALINUM CRASSIFOLIUM, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 864.
Hab. Floret ad Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1030.) [Amer. Trop. Austr., Ind. Occ.]
HYPERICACE.
VISMIA DECIPIENS, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnzea, iii. p. 116.
Hab. Reperi in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada. (N. 137.) [Bras. Or.]
VISMIA JAPURENSIS, Reichardt in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars i. p. 209, ex icon. et descript.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 609.) [Amazonia.]
GUTTIFERA.
RHEEDIA GUACOPARY (sp. nov.). Glaber, caule erecto, ramoso, plus minus quadrangulari,
in sicco manifeste canaliculato ; foliis petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, acutis, basi rotundatis
vel paullo coarctatis, margine undulatis vel undulato-repandis, coriaceis; pedunculis
. quam petioli brevioribus, plerumque solitariis; petalis ovatis, obtusis, reflexis; toro
stamineo inferne lato, nequaquam acuto; staminibus circa 19, quam petala brevi-
oribus; ovario depresse ovoideo, staminibus plerisque longiore, 1-2-loculari; fructu
globoso 1-spermo.
Hab. Frequens ad Santa Cruz et juxta ripas vieinas fl. Paraguay, ubi menss. Sept.-Nov.
flores et fructus simul gerit. Guacoparý incolarum. (Nn. 332, 365, 467.)
Frutex altus vel arbor parva, ad 9 met. alt. Rami crassi, nonnunquam fere teretes,
cinerei; ramuli sspe per paria supra axillares orti. Folia maxime insequalia,
3°0-15°0 cm. long., medio 1:5-7:5 cm. lat., obscure insequilateralia, haud in sicco
nitentia, nec subtus decoloria, nervi omnes utrinque eminentes; petioli 0°7—vix
2:0 em. long. pingues, basi ampliati, canaliculati, in sicco transversim corrugati.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 311
Peduneuli e nodis plus minus tumidis provenientes, circa 1-0 cm. long. et 0:05 cm.
crass., in longitudinem striati. Flores 0:7 cm. diam., albi, inodorati. Petala 0:5 em.
long., 0:3 em. lat., minutissime pellucido-punctáta. Filamenta diverse longitudinis,
longiora 0°25 cm., breviora nec ultra 0°15 em. long., inferne parum ampliata ;
anthers didym:e, minute ; torus stamineus circa 0:075 em. alt, Ovarium 0:2 em.
long., sub stigmate eminente parum coarctatum. Fructus magnitudine nune baccam
Ribis Grossularie, nune drupam parvam Pruni domestice sequans, luteus, exocarpio
tenui coriaceo nitido obtectus ; semen 1:5 em. long., 07 em. lat., compressum, succo
subacido grato circumfusum et endocarpio membranaceo-carnoso albo inclusum.
Videtur ad R. Gardnerianam, Planch. & Triana, et R. Spruceanam, Engl., proxime
accedere, abs qua, notas inter alias, foliis diversiformibus necnon floribus majoribus
stirpem nostram facile dignoscere potes.
Of this plant, which appears in two forms, one with smaller leaves narrowed below,
the other having larger leaves rounded at the base, the fruit is highly esteemed at Santa
Cruz, and its juice is frequently employed in place of vinegar; the berries also are said
to be a good bait for certain of the Paraguay fish. [ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Peruvia. |
PLATUNIA ?, sp. nov. Arbor elata, glaberrima, ramulis subteretibus, inter se 4:0-7:0 em.
distantibus, foliigeris ; foliis oblongis vel obovato-oblongis, obtusis vel retusis,
basi obtusis, 15:0-18:0 em. long., 5:0-7:0 em. lat., vivis saturate viridibus, in sicco
pallidis; costis secondariis distantibus circa 8, angulis latis insertis, fere rectis, demum
subito undulato-arcuatis, supra impressis, subtus parum eminentibus; petiolis vix
usque ad 1:0 em. long. crassiusculis, longitrorsum rugatis, superne anguste canali-
culatis; floribus ignotis; baccis indehiscentibus, pyriformibus, magnitudine Fici,
aurantiacis, coriaceis, intus carnosis, 2-4-locularibus, usque ad 5:0 em. long., 4:0 em.
diam.; seminibus 2-4 in pulpo sapido jacentibus, oblongis, usque ad 2°0 em. long.,
1:0 em. diam.
Hab. Crescit in ripa fl. Paraguay ad Santa Cruz et alibi in vicinia, ubi mens, Nov.
fructificat. Bacurý incolarum. (N. 462.)
According to authors, Bacury is the name given to the fruit of Platonia insignis, Mart.,
and of Rheedia macrophylla, Planch. & Triana. The present plant is, however, quite
different from either of these, the venation of its leaves being more like what we find in
the genus Tovomita, although, from the nature of the seed, I conclude that it cannot be
placed in the latter genus. From the fact of our Paraguayan peons knowing this fruit
well, it is to be presumed that the tree has a considerable range to the southward.
TERNSTREMIACE.
KIELMEYERA ($ CoRYMBOS#) AMPLEXICAULIS (sp. nov.). Suffrutex, caule erecto, crassi-
usculo, tereti, glabro ; foliis vix omnino sessilibus, oblongis vel oblanceolato-oblongis,
obtusis vel obtusissimis, leviter amplexicaulibus, coriaceis, glabris; paniculis corymbi-
formibus, folia haud excedentibus, foliis hebetatis interjectis; sepalis subzequalibus,
ovato-lanceolatis, acutiusculis, dorso carinatis: petalis ovatis vel ovato-oblongis, obtusis,
312 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
vel obscure retusis, breviter lateque unguiculatis, planis vel carinatis; staminibus
quam petala duplo brevioribus; antheris linearibus, obtusis, apice glandulá minutá
instructis; connectivo latiusculo; ovario ovoideo trigono, in stylum crassum staminibus
subzequilongum subito desinente; stigmate depresse pyramidali; fructu.....
Hab. Viget in campis ad Serra da Chapada, alt. circa 1800 ped. supra mare. Fl. Aug.
(N. 183.)
Crescit circa ad 2 met. alt. Caulis simplex, basi incrassatus, e rhizomate lignoso cortice
squamoso obtecto, plenitudine pennam anserinam duplo excedente. Folia plerumque
.10:0-12:0 em. long., 3°5-4°5 cm. lat., nervo medio subtus eminente, nervis laterali-
bus impressis, copiose glandulosa; folia hebetata reliquis subconformia, 0:6-1'7 em.
long. Panicule ad 10:0 cm. long., circa 5'0 cm. diam. Flores albi, odorati.
Sepala 0°8 em. long., 3:0-4'5 cm. lat., glabra vel medio dorso leviter rufo-puberula.
Petala fere omnino glabra, margine undulata, 1:7 cm. long. Ovarium 0:4 em. long. ;
stylus ovario subzequilongus.
A Kielmeyerá corymbosá, Mart., cujus vix est varietas, differt prsesertim foliis
amplexicaulibus et petalis majoribus glabris. | Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
MALVACEA.
SIDA conDIFOLIA ?, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 684.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi Tamarindo do Campo nuncupatur.
The leaves of this plant, boiled, are used as an emollient. [In regionibus tropicis
et subtropicis vulgatissima. |
WISSADULA DECORA (sp.nov.). Tenuiter lanato-tomentosa, caule copiose ramoso, sub-
tereti; foliis petiolatis ovatis, nonnunquam vero ovato-lanceolatis, obtusis, basi alte
cordatis, insequaliter vel subzequaliter crenato-dentatis, 6—7-nerviis, stipulis setaceis
petiolo multo brevioribus; floribus in paniculas subbreves digestis; pedicellis pro
genere brevibus, calycis tomentosi lobis deltoideis, acutatis, subzequalibus; petalis
calycem 3-plo excedentibus ; andrcecio quam calyx longiore; ovario 3-mero, 3-locu-
lari, glabro ; stylis 3 basi ipsá connatis ; ovulis 2 vel 3 pendulis : si 2, ambobus juxta
apicem loculi affixis ; si 3, duobus apicalibus, tertio in medio loculo posito.
Hab. Abundat in campis juxta fl. Paraguay ad Puerto Pacheco. Fl. Feb. (N. 1061.)
Suffrutex ? parvus, erectus, decorus. Ramuli tenues, vix 0°2 em. erass. Foliorum lamina
1:5-3:5 em. long., 1:0-2:0 em. lat., subtus pallida ; petioli filiformes, 1:0-ultra 2:5 em.
long., patuli; stipule 0'2 cm. long., deciduz. Paniculee cirea 10:0 cm. long.,
subpyramidales, multiflorze, graciles; pedicelli ad 2:0 em. (plerumque vero circa
0:5-1:0 em.) long., filiformes, tomentosi; bracteze stipulis subsimiles, deciduæ.
Flores lutei, 1:5 em. diam. Calycis tubus 0°3 em. long.; lobi 0:14-0:2 em. lat., vix
0'2 cm. long. Petala obovata, obtusissima, delicatula, basi leviter pilosa, 0-8 cm.
long. Andrcecium 0*4 cm., tubo circa 0°15 em. long. Ovarium 0:1 em. long.,
puberulum ; styli filiformes, andreecio longiores, stigmatibus capitatis, circa 0:025
em. diam, Capsula deest.
e
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 313
Planta eum Wissadulá gymnanthemd, K. Schum., comparanda, specie quee ovario
trimero ssepe gaudet, ab illà vero optime abhorret habitu et foliis omnino disparibus,
calyce minore, ovario nunquam tetramero, etc.
This is a very elegant little plant, which, in the absence of capsules, I regret my
inability to assist in introducing into cultivation.
Schumann (Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars iii. p. 488) correctly states that the ovules of this
genus are all pendulous, and not, as say the authors of the ‘Genera Plantarum,’ some pen-
dulous and some ascending. With respect to the constant trimerous symmetry of the
carpel, which is abnormal for the genus, I may here add that the carpellary symmetry of
W. periplocifolia, Presl, said by Schumann to be pentamerous, is by no means so always,
as on several occasions I have had before me 3- and 4-lobed carpels respectively with
three or four styles. [ Argentina. ]
ABUTILON CRISPUM, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. I. p. 53.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 296.)
Mine is à monospermous form, the ovules being always solitary in the cells, and the
seeds of course solitary. Moreover, the stems, petioles, and fruits are pubescent merely,
never hirsute, as is almost always the case with 4. crispum. The plant is certainly not a
good Abutilon, and perhaps it would be better to keep up the genus Belere, Shuttlew.,
for the reception of monospermous Malvaces with Adutilon-like unappendaged seeds.
That genus would then comprise, besides the present plant, one from Brazil recently
described by Schumann under the name of A. monospermum, and several others with
carpels constantly 1-seeded. The attachment of the ovule, too, to the septum, instead of
to the bottom or top of the cell, is a fact full of suggestion. "This is a question, however,
on which I am not disposed to give a definite opinion. [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.,
Ind. Or. ]
SPHARALCEA MINIATA, Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. iii. p. 352.
, Var. LEIOCARPA, S. Moore ; foliis ovato-oblongis, crenatis vel breviter lobulatis, supra
minute pubescentibus, subtus molliter tomentosis ; inflorescentiis sessilibus vel
breviter pedunculatis, floribus aggregatis; carpidiis intus basi levibus vel apice
obscure reticulatis, sepe 3-spermis. :
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Argentina.]
Pavonta speciosa, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. p. 231.
, var. POLYMORPHA, Garcke.
Hab. Reperi ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 281.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
Pavonta Moronett, S. Moore ex Morong & Britton in Ann. N. York Acad. Nat. Se. vii.
p. 58; caule erecto, ramulis subpatulis, ramoso, piloso-tomentoso ; foliis parvis, petio-
latis, ovatis, obtusis, basi rotundatis necnon aliquanto cordatis, margine impariter
grosse crenato-serratis, 7-nerviis, tenuiter tomentosis, subtus albidis ; stipulis fugaceis,
subulato-setaceis, petiolo brevioribus; floribus in axillis fol. superiorum vel ad apicem
ramulorum solitariis, longius pedunculatis; involucri phyllis 6-9, tomentosi-pilosis,
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 9T
314 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
calyce circa duplo longioribus; calycis tubo ampliato, basi 10 superne 15-nervato,
lobis ovato-lanceolatis tubo subeequilongis; floribus circa 1:2 cm. diam. ; carpidiis
calvis, maxime depressis, ecarinatis, facile in valvulas duas dehiscentibus.
Hab. Crescit prope Corumbá sine numero; fl. Jan.
Suffrutex parvus, vix 4 met. alt. Radices albi, sparsim fibrosi. Caulis demum fere
omnino glaber; pallide bruneus, juxta basin crebre longitudinaliter rimosus ;
ramuli graciles, teretes. Folia 1:2-2'0 cm. long., medio 1:0-2'0 em. lat. ; stipulee
puberule 0:35 cm. long; petioli ad 2:2 cm. long. (plerique vero breviores), graciles,
pilosi-tomentosi. Pedunculi ad 39:5 cm. long. (plerumque circa 3:0 cm.), graciles,
supra medium articulati, pilosi-tomentosi. Involucri phylla circa 1:0 cm. long.,
filiformia. Calycis piloso-tomentosi tubus 0°3 em. long.; lobi 0'4 cm. long., 3-nervati.
Flores lutei. Carpidia 0:4 cm. long. et 0:4 cm. lat., venosa (nervo medio parum
eminente), in sieco virentia. Semina obconica, vix 0:3 em. diam., glabra.
Affinis Pavonie Balanse, Guerke, et P. Hieronymi, Guerke, sed multis notis ab
ambabus dispar.
The easy splitting of the carpidia, seen also in the case of P. Balanse, is curious, and
might perhaps justify the creation of a new genus. The greatly depressed form of the
same organs is also unlike what we usually find among the Pavonias. [Paraguaria.]
Pavonta Mursi, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. p. 283.
, Var. HEXAPHYLLA, S. Moore. A typo discrepans vestitu pilorum patentium, habitu
gracili, pedunculis tenuibus, involucri phyllis plerumque 6, raro 7, angustis (0:05 em.
lat.), sed vix, me judice, species propria.
Hab. Crescit ad ripam fl. Paraguay, prope Barra do Sáo Lorenzo. (N. 10.)
Hujus varietatis exstant forme due, foliis alterius subtus canescenti-tomentosis,
alterius canescenti-pubescentibus, dein pubescentibus. Hæc involucri phyllis brevibus
calycem vix excedentibus gaudet, illius involucri phylla contra calyce duplo longiora.
[ Bras. Or., Colombia. |
PAVONIA Rosa-CcAMPEsTRIS, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Flor. Bras. Merid. i. p. 236.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 181.)
[ Bras. Or.]
PAVONIA OPULIFOLIA (sp. nov.); caule erecto, subtereti, stellatim tomentoso, mox
appresse pubescente ; foliis petiolatis, late cordatis, 3—5-lobatis (plerumque 3-lobatis),
impariter grosse crenato-serratis, 7—9-nerviis, sparsim stellatim pubescentibus et ad
nervos tomentosis ; stipulis lanceolatis ovato-lanceolatisve, quam petioli brevioribus ;
floribus in axillis fol. superiorum solitariis; pedunculis quam petioli longioribus;
involucri phyllis 13-14, calyci subzequilongis ; calycis lobis lanceolatis, tubo
longioribus ; corollá vix 2:0 cm. diam. ; tubo stamineo 0*6 cm. long.; stylis obscure
puberulis; carpidiis calvis, medio dorso leviter carinatis.
Hab. Inveni mens. Aug. ad ripas fl. Cuyabá vigentem, loco longinquo ab urbe Cuyabá
iter duorum dierum. (N.3.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 315
Suffrutex incertz altitudinis, erectus. Internodia 1:0-2°7 cm. long. Folia 2:'0-5'0 em.
long., medio 2°0-4°5 cm. lat., subtus decoloria; petioli 1:2-2:0 cm. long., patuli,
tomentosi; stipulz 0'4 cm. long., scariosee, pubescentes. Pedunculi 1:5-2:5 cm.
long., tomentosi. Involucri phylla anguste linearia, tomentosa, usque ad 1:1 cm.
long. Calycis tomentosi tubus amplus, 10-nervosus, 0:3 cm. alt. ; lobi vix 0'8 em.
long., 3-nervosi, recte vel oblique acuti. Petala lutea, parum obliqua, obovata,
obtusissima, breviter lateque unguiculata, circa 2:0 cm. long., medio 1'0 em. lat.
Andrecium circa l:5 cm. long. Styli andrecium paullo excedentes. Carpidia
0:5-0'6 em. long., medio dorso 0:35 cm. lat., lateribus eximie venosis fere cristatis,
apice obtusa.
Affinitatem preebet cum Pavoniá humifusd, A. Juss, quee habitu dispari, foliis
majoribus longius petiolatis haud impariter crenato-serratis, internodiis longioribus,
stipulis subulato-filiformibus, involucri phyllis 14—18 inter alia propria gaudet.
PAVONIA OPULIFOLIA, var. MAJOR, S. Moore. A typo divergens habitu robustiore, staturá
altiore ? (ultrametrali), floribus majoribus, involucri phyllis calyce fere duplo longi-
oribus (vix ad 20 em. long.) hirsutis, neenon carpidiis paullo majoribus (0:6—0 7
em. long.) apice acutis, in sicco fuscioribus.
-Hab. Crescit in campis ad ripas fl. Paraguay juxta Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. flores et
fructus preebet. (N. 913.)
At first sight this plant and the type seem very unlike, but close examination reveals
so many points of agreement that I refrain from making two species of them. The
specimens which have served for the description of the type are small pieces hastily
gathered, on our way up to Cuyaba, at one of the log-cutting settlements; hence they
probably do not do full justice to the species—an additional reason, this, for the course
here taken. The difference in time of flowering of type and variety is noteworthy.
In the description of the length of the staminal tube (in species of Pavonia) I have
measured only the distance between its bottom and the point whence the first batch of
stamens is given off. [ Bras. Or.]
PAVONIA VELUTINA, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 233.
Hab. Fructificat ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (N. 140.) [Amer. Austr. Trop. }
CIENFUEGOSIA PHLOMIDIFOLIA, Garcke, in Bonplandia, viii. p. 148.
Hab. Floret ad Jangada mens. Sept., itaque ad Santa Cruz mens. seq. (Nn. 270, 452.)
(Amer. Austr. Trop. }
CIENFUEGOSIA SULPHUREA, Garcke, in Bonplandia, viii. p. 148.
Hab. Reperi ad Puerto Pacheco mens. Feb. florentem. (N. 1056.)
The first recorded tropical habitat for this plant. [Uruguaria, Argentina, Paraguaria. |
BOMBAX ?, sp., forsan ex affinitate B. parviflore, Mart. et Zucc. Arbor 6-metralis, capsulis
oblongis lana fulvescenti repletis, valvis 8-0 em. long., 1:5-2:0 em. lat., nitidulis, extus
272
316 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ochraceo-bruneis, intus cinereis ; seminibus, magnitudine pisi, testa bruneá obteetis.
Nec flores nec folia suppetebant.
Hab. Ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. fructificat. (N. 41.)
The wool is used for stuffing purposes at Cuyabá.
STERCULIACEA.
HELICTERES GUAZUMAFOLIA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. p. 304.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, necnon juxta Corumbá. (Nn. 383*, 904, 1002.) [Amer.
"Trop. |
HELICTERES CORYLIFOLIA, Nees & Mart. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xii. p. 44.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores przebet menss. Sept.-Nov. (N. 294.) [Bras. Or.]
HELICTERES CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov.); caule erecto, tereti, sparsim foliato, molliter
lanato-tomentoso, demum fere glabro; foliis parvis, petiolatis, ovatis, obtusis vel
obtusissimis, margine impariter serratis, molliter ac tenuiter lanato-tomentosis ;
stipulis subulato-filiformibus, petiolo fol. evolutorum brevioribus, firmis, tomentosis,
deciduis; dichasiis 2-3-floris ad apicem ramulorum brevium digestis; prophyllis
filiformibus, tomentosis, caducis; floribus horizontalibus ; calycis elongati, anguste
tubulosi, basi sensim coarctati, lanato-tomentosi lobis inzqualibus lanceolatis vel
ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, tubo 3-plo brevioribus; petalis calycem circa 4 exce-
dentibus, anguste spathulatis, obtusis, longius unguiculatis, supra unguem dentibus
2 paullo curvatis auctis vel omnino calvis; gynophoro calycem ultra 3-plo excedente,
eurvato, filiformi, glabro; tubo stamineo vix evoluto ; staminodiis spathulatis,
acutis; ovario quam calyx multo breviore, oblongo, leviter contorto ; stylis connatis,
tortis ; fructu ignoto.
Hab. In convalle ad Serra da Chapada reperi mens. Aug. (N. 76.)
Suffrutex erectus, 1 met. alt., inferne aphyllus, sparsim ramosus. Ramuli breves (nec
ultra 1:0 em. long.) ex axillis fol. dilapsorum soli floriferi. Foliorum lamina ad
3'0 em. long., medio ad 3:2 cm. lat., subtus eximie reticulato-venosa et 5-nervia;
petiolus ad 1:3 em. long., pinguis, lamina sub ipsa incrassatus, lanato-tomentosus ;
stipule circa 0°5 cm. long. Pedicelli 0:5-0'7 em. long., 0°075-0-1 cm.. crass.,
tomentosi. Prophylla ad 0°8 em. long., plerumque incurva. Calycis tubus 1:3-1:6
cm. long., ima basi tantummodo 0:2 cm. lat., superne usque 0'4 cm. amplificatus,
haud nervosus; lobi circa 0'5 cm. long. Petala 22-24 cm. long., coccinea, eorum
unguis 0'7 em. long. Gynophorum 6:5-7:0 cm. long., superne attenuatum. Stamina
10; anthere 0:13 cm. long.; staminodia antheris subzequilonga. Ovarium vix
0:2 em. long.
Cum H. molli, K. Schum., comparanda, abs quá nullo negotio dignoscenda, imprimis
foliis minoribus, subtus eminenter nervosis, haud argute serratis, calycis tubo coarctato,
etc. (Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
HELICTERES BREVISPIRA, A. St.-Hil. El. Bras. Merid. i. p. 274.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (N.650.) [Bras. Or., Nov. Granat.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 317
HELICTERES ORTHOTHECA (sp. nov.); caule erecto, tereti, tomentoso, demum fere glabro,
cortice subcinereo, crebro lenticellifero, anguste elliptice rimoso obtecto; ramulis
tomentosis, copiose foliatis; foliis petiolatis, ovatis, acutis vel obtusis, imparitercrenato- -
serratis, supra stellatim pubescentibus, subtus albide tomentosis; stipulis subulato-
filiformibus, quam petioli brevioribus, concinnis, pedunculatis,4—7-floris, nonnunquam
apicem versus ramulorum subcongestis; prophyllis caducissimis; floribus horizonta-
libus, calyce amplo tubuloso insequaliter 5- (an semper ?) lobo tomentoso, lobis tubo
3-plo brevioribus; petalis calycem circa } excedentibus, spathulato-panduriformibus,
apice bilobis, ungue quam lamina duplo breviore; gynophoro ealycem 4-plo exce-
dente, curvato, in sicco plerumque subligulato, glabro; tubo stamineo evoluto; stami-
nodiis lineari-spathulatis; ovario quam ealyx multoties breviore, oblongo, recto;
stylis rectis; fructu elongato, recto, 5:3 em. long.
Hab. Frequens in fruticetis ad Santa Cruz, ubi fl. et fruct. gerit menss. Nov. et Dec.
(N. 556.)
Frutex circa ad 3 met. alt. Caulis circa 0°6 cm. diam. Foliorum lamina 3:0-8:0 cm.
long., 2:0-7:5 em. lat., 7-8-nervia, chartacea ; petioli 1:0-1:5 cm. long., tomentosi.
Stipulee cirea 0'8 em. long. tomentoss. Pedicelli 0:2-0'7 cm. long., tomentosi.
Calycis utrinque tomentosi tubus vix 1'5 cm. long., medio 0'8 cm. lat., eminenter
10-nervatus ; lobi 0:5 cm. long., late ovati, obtusi vel obtusiusculi, 0:4-0:6 cm. long.
Petala 2:5 em. long., juxta apicem 0'7 cm. lat., rubra. Gynophorum vix 8'0 cm.
long., vix 0:1 em. lat., sub fructu 0:35 em. lat. "Tubus stamineus 0:3 em. lat., et circa
0:3 em. long., late cyathiformis, glaber, eminenter nervosus. Stamina 10. Stami-
nodia 0:4 em. long., l-nervosa. Ovarium vix 03 cm. long., tenuiter tomentosum.
Fructus oblongi; valvulæ apice sat subito coarctatee, dorso tomento tenui gaudentes,
eminenter nervosze, leviter carinatee.
Species ob fructum magnum, elongatum, rectum nulli nisi H. Rusbyi, Britton (Balansa,
n. 1602), affinis, cujus folia attamen disparia longius petiolata utrinque tomentosa,
gynophorum longius, fructus brevior (4:5-5 em. long.), etc. [Bolivia, Paraguaria.]
MELOCHIA GRAMINIFOLIA, A. St.-Hil. Flor. Bras. Merid. i. p. 160.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada, itaque ad Santa Cruz. (Nn. 258, 311.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Nov. Granat., Guiana. |
MELOCHIA ($ RIEDLEA) CORUMBENSIS (sp. nov.). Suffruticosa, molliter pubescenti-tomen-
tosa, caule stricto subtereti; foliis petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, obtusis, basi rotundatis vel
obtusis; irregulariter dentatis vel dentato-crenatis; inflorescentia petiolo breviore
(nonnunquam vero subzequali vel longiore), cymosa, pluriflora; prophyllis linearibus,
acutis; calycis cupuliformis lobis subdistantibus, deltoideo-acuminatis; petalis obovato-
oblongis, obtusis, basi breviter unguiculatis, glabris; tubo stamineo puberulo (floris
brevistyli petalis breviore); ovario sessili.
Hab. Viget in locis planis juxta Corumbá, mens. Jan. fi. (N. 905.) Eandem
plantam in Matto Grosso legit Leeson, in speciminibus in Herb. Brit. Mus. servatis.
Caulis 3°0-4°5 em. crass., arcte in longitudinem sulcatulus. Stipulee deciduze, lineari-
318
MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
subulatee, acuminate, pilosi-tomentosze, circa 0:4 em. long. Petioli L:2-9:2 cm.
long., sub laminá paullo ampliati ibidemque nonnunquam arctissime bialati, piloso
tomentosi; lamina 4:0-7:0 em. long., basi 5-8-nervis. Prophylla piloso-tomentosa,
0:2 em. long. Cym:e ad 2:0 em. diam. Calycis lobi 0:2 em., tubus vix 0°3 em. long.
Petala 0:7 cm. long., purpurea. Filamenta fl. brevistylium gyn:ecio duplo longiora.
Capsula hirsuto-tomentosa, oblate sphzeroidea, pentagona, vix 0°5 em. diam. Semina
bilateraliter compressa, levia, nigra, 0:2 cm. long.
Melochie cinerascenti, A. St.-Hil. et Naud., arcte affinis, sed indumento, cymis pluri-
floris, floribus majoribus, calycis lobis deltoideo-acuminatis nec subulato-filiformibus,
petalis longioribus, basi ipsá (nec abrupte mediocriter) unguiculatis, et staminum tubo
puberulo vix conspecifica. [ Amazonia. |
WALTHERIA VISCOSISSIMA, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 150.
Hab. Crescit prope Barra da Sao Lorenzo. (N. 9.) (Bras. Or. Goyaz, Guiana,
Nov. Granat.]
GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA, Lam. Encye. iii. p. 52.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 578.) [Amer. Trop. |
BYTTNERIA CAMPESTRIS (sp. nov.). Arbuseula debilis, spinosa, ramosissima; ramulis
patulis, pubescentibus, mox glabris et cinereis, internodiis brevibus, seepe curvatis ;
foliis parvis, coriaceo-membranaceis, breviter petiolatis, oblongis, obtusis, basi parum
rotundatis, integerrimis, supra glabris, subtus in axillis nervorum pr:ecipuorum
barbatis, nervo medio subtus eminente ibidemque juxta basin glandulá oblongá vel
oblongo-ovali notato; umbellis plerumque solitariis, 2—6-floris (rarissime 1-floris);
pedunculis brevibus vel longiusculis; calyce pubescente; petalorum ungue late lineari;
alis exiguis, patentibus, subdeltoideis, glabris ; ligula filiformi, tenui, villosulá; ovario
ovoideo, tuberculato; stigmate obscurissime 5-lobulato.
Hab. Crescit in campis ad ripas fl. Paraguay ad Carandajinho, inter Corumbá et
Dourados. (N. 1015.)
Frutex ascendens, spinis minutis disjectis obtectus. Foliorum lamina ad 4^7 cm. long.,
1 cm. lat.; costee secundariz utrinque 6-8, erecto-ascendentes, rarius leviter forni-
cate, ipso sub margine subito arcuatim-conjuncte ; petioli vix ad 0'4 em. long.,
puberuli. Stipule minute, subulate, caducissimee. Pedunculi ad 0:8 em. long.,
filiformes ; pedicelli 0-5 em. vel ultra long., capillares, glabri. Calycis lobi ovato-
lanceolati, acuminati, 0:35 cm., long., nervosi. Petala 0'6 cm. long.; unguis 0:15
cm. long. Tubus stamineus 0'1 em. long., primá quartá parte divisa; anther
0:05 cm. long., 0°16 em. lat, approximate. Pistillum 0-1 em. long., ovario duplo
longius. a
B. filipedi, Mart., proxima, sed habitu ramosissimo, ramulis pubescentibus, spinis
minutis, foliis diversiformibus, brevius petiolatis, nequaquam obliquis, basi glanduliferis,
necnon flore dispari inter capita alia speciem propriam rite dijudicari. { Bras. Or.,
Paraguaria. |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 319
BvrrNERIA LExESoNI (sp. nov.). Suffruticosa, ramosa, inermis; ramulis 5-angulatis vel
5-quetris, glabris; foliis superioribus solummodo visis, parvis, linearibus, brevipetiolatis,
integerrimis, glabris, levibus; inflorescentiá ut in B. ramosissimá, Pohl; calycis
laciniis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, integris ; petalorum cucullo obovato ; alis pilosis ;
ligula calycem bene superante, pilosa ; staminodiis tridentatis; ovario globoso, tuber-
culato, basi inerassato.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Brit. Mus.).
Ramuli rigidi, usque 0'3 cm. diam., in sicco pallide brunei. Folia rigida, modo 1:5 cm.
long., vix 0'1 cm. lat., petiolis laminze equilatis vix ultra 0'1 em. long. fulta, basi
glandulosa. Pedunculi et pedicelli graciles, usque 0'8 cm. long., hi sspe sub flore
incrassati. Calyx totus 0:5 cm., tubus 0°15 cm. long. Petalorum unguis vix
0-1 cm. long.; cucullus circa 0'l em. lat.; ligula 0'7 em. long., filiformis, basi
ampliata. Tubus stamineus 0:13 cm. alt. Staminodia medio dorso dente minuto
munita. Pistillum totum 0:15 cm. long. Capsula 0:6 em. long. 0'7 em. lat.,
depressa, globosa, alba, tuberculis acutis, erectis, apice curvatis, fuscis, densiuscule
obtecta. Semina 0'4 cm. long., 02 cm. lat., pallide grisea, verrucis parvis nigris
instructa.
Ab affini B. ramosissimá, Pohl, abhorret foliis alienis, petalorum ligulis multo lon-
eioribus et una cum alis pilosis, ovario majore basi incrassato, neenon capsulis aliquatenus
diversis. [Goyaz.]
BYTTNERIA MURICATA (sp. nov.) Fruticosa, ramosa, ramis et ramulis spinis abbreviatis
parum recurvis sparsim vel sat abunde munitis, his primo minute tomentosis, deinde
puberulis vel glabris ; foliis omnibus longiuscule petiolatis, late cordatis, nune obtusis,
nunc obtusissimis, membranaceo-coriaceis, palmatim 5-7-nervibus, utrinque scabridis;
inflorescentià axillari vel terminali; floribus ignotis; capsulá globosá, tuberculis
pyramidalibus, basi ampliatis, apice spinuloso-aeuminatis dense muricata.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, ubi mens. Oct.
fructificat. (N. 636.)
Rami teretes, arrecti, juveniles minute tomentosi, mox puberuli, dein scabriusculi et
cortice purpureo-cinerascenti crebre longitrorsum rimoso obducti; rami usque
0°5 cm., ramuli 0:1-0:2 em. diam. Foliorum lamina 7:0-10:0 cm. long., 4°5-11°0 em.
lat. (mediocris 8:5x 7:0 cm.), inermis, margine impariter crenulata, raro obscuris-
sime lobulata, utrinque pilis stellatis depressis scabrida, subtus decolor; costee
secundariz (basalibus exemptis) 4-5, patulo-ascendentes, usque ad marginem rectae
vel fere rectz, rarius leviter arcuate, costas rectas tertii ordinis abundanter emit-
tentes, costæ omnes supra plans, vix impressee, subtus eminentes, et basi glandu-
liferze vel nonnullee glandulá carentes, raro omnes eglanduliferze; petioli 2:0—4r0 em.
long., minute tomentelli, deinde pubescentes vel puberuli, subquadrangulares,
breviter canaliculati, nunc aculeis paucis (1-2) parvis recurvis onusti, nunc inermes.
Pedunculus sub fructu incrassatus, 0:5—0-8 em. long., 0°15 cm. lat. Pedicellus sub
fructu pedunculo subzequilongus et subsimilis. Capsula 1:5 cm. long. 1°3 em.
diam., scabrida, tubercula 0:15-0:2 cm. long., basi 5-6-angularis. Semina 0'7 cm,
320 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
long., 0:3 cm. lat., subtrigona, apice breviter spinuloso-acuminata, obsolete rugata,
brunea; hilum albidum; chalaza purpurea.
Planta forte cum Bytinerid catalpefolid, Tacq., comparanda, specie inermi, cujus folia
nequaquam scabrida, pedicelli et capsulse omnino dispares, ete. — | Bras. Or., Amazonia,
Peruvia, Venezuela. |
BYTTNERIA CHARAGMOCARPA (sp. nov.). Suffruticosa, sparsim ramosa, inermis; ramis
crebre foliatis, leviter undulatis, subteretibus, pubescentibus, deinde glabris; foliis
omnibus breviter et patule petiolatis, oblongis vel anguste oblongo-ovatis, obtusis,
basi leviter coarctatis, subrotundatis, interdum levissime cordatis, coriaceo-membra-
naceis, mox, axillis nervorum pag. inf. exemptis, glabris vel fere glabris; costis
secundariis 7-10 approximatis distantibusve, angulis latis insertis, rectis vel levissime
arcuatis, juxta marginem subito fornicatim-conjunctis, subtus admodum, supra leviter
eminentibus ; inflorescentiá abbreviatá, ex umbellà solitarià brevipedunculatá 4-flora
(an semper ?) composita, floribus parvis, calycis pubescentis lobis triangulari-lanceo-
latis, breviter acuminatis ; petalorum cucullo late lineari, superne subito amplificato ;
ligula e basi lata lineari-lanceolatá, sursum acuminata, puberula ; alis parvis deltoideis
incurvis; staminodiis breviter 3-lobulatis ; ovario globoso, albido-tomentoso, mox plane
tubereulato; stigmate obscure 5-lobulato; capsulá subglobosá, tuberculis subcylin-
dricis admodum elevatis, apice clavellatis, densissime obsita.
Hab. Schedula preetermissa, locum natalem indicare nequeo, sed verisimiliter crescit
ad Santa Cruz vel alibi in viciniá.
Ramuli 0:2-0:3 cm. diam., grisei, rimis anguste ellipticis abundanter insculpti, intervallis:
plerumque 1:0-1:5 em. long. foliigeri. Folia pleraque 7:5-10'0 cm. long., et 3'5-
5'0 em. lat, margine tenuiter cartilaginea ibique obsolete undata; costa media
dorso basi glandulifera ; petioli plerumque 0°5-0°7 cm. long., patuli, seepe decurvi,
supra breviter canaliculati, pubescentes vel puberuli. Pedunculus sub flore modo
0:25 cm. long., sat validus, puberulus, sub fructu incrassatus et usque ad 1:3 cm.
elongatus; pedicelli pedunculo dimidio longiores, puberuli. Calycis lobi circa
0:25 em. long., nervosi. Floris nondum expansi petala 0:28 cm. long., ungue vix
0'1 cm. long. Tubus stamineus ejusdem floris circa usque ad 3 divisus, et anthers
circa 0:03 cm. long. Pistillum 0:1 cm. long. ovarium solum duplo excedens.
Capsula 1:2 cm. long. et lat., minute tomentella, tubercula summa erecta, 0:3-0:5
em. long., inferiora patula vel decurva et paullo breviora. Semina 077 cm. long.,
0*4 cm. lat., subtrigona, ferruginea, levia; hilum albidum ; chalaza ferruginea.
Species nulli mihi cognite affinis, et ob fructum singularem facili obtutu cognoscenda.
TILIACEA.
CORCHORUS ARGUTUS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. p. 262.
Hab. Inveni juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1006. [Bras. Or., Guiana, Nov.
Granat. |
LUHEA UNIFLORA, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 290.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 591.) [Bras. Or., Bolivia. ]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 321
LunzA speciosa, Willd. in Neue Schr. Gesell. nat. Fr. Berlin, iii. p. 409.
Hab. Crescit in caeumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi floret mens. Aug. (N. 139.)
[ Amer. Trop., Cuba.]
SLOANEA MAXIMOWICZIANA (?), K. Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars iii. p. 192.
Hab. Viget in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (N. 614.)
The specimens are without flowers, hence I am unable io determine the species with
certainty. If not S. Maximowicziana, we have here a new species closely allied to it.
[ Bras. Or.)
LIN ACES.
ERYTHROXYLON ANGUIFUGUM, Mart. in Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss. iii. p. 362.
Hab. Crescit in ripà fl. Paraguay, haud procul a Tres Barras, mens. Oct. florens.
(N. 620.) [Matto Grosso.]
ERYTHROXYLON DAPHNITES, Mart. in Abhandl. k. bayer. Akad. Wiss. iii. p. 363.
Hab. Reperi in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada, ubi floret mens. Aug. (N. 77.)
After spending much time over this plant, I come to the conclusion that the above is
its correct name. Mine is a form with long stamens, much longer than in the figures of
this species in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars iii. tab. 26. [Goyaz.]
ERYTHROXYLON NITIDUM, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 390.
Hab, Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N.452.) [Bras. Or., Guiana. |
ERYTHROXYLON CAMPESTRE, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. ii. p. 97.
Hab. Legi aut ad Cuyabá aut ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (N. 151.)
By an oversight I omitted to note at the time the habitat of this plant. (Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Guiana. | :
ERYTHROXYLON PRJECOX (sp. nov.); ramulis gracilibus, brachycladis, ramentis arcte
imbricatis instructis; foliis juvenilibus oblongo-ovatis, basi angustatis, apice mucro-
natis, adultis verisimiliter membranaceis, subtus plicis destitutis; stipulis petiolos
paullo excedentibus, crebre striatis, dorso primo ferrugineo-tomentosis, dein glabris,
floribus preecocibus, pedicellatis ; sepalis parvis 0:12 cm. long.; petalis vix 0°3 cm.
long.; drupa....
Hab. Crescit in sylvá primeevá ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Sept. (N. 341.)
Frutex paullo ultrametralis, deorsum aphyllus. Rami 0:3-0:4 cm. diam., teretes
cortice cinereo longitrorsum rimoso obtecti, ramuli brachycladigeri erecto-ascen-
dentes, circa 0'1 em. diam. Novelli compressi. Folia vix omnino evoluta 2:0 em.
long., 1:2 em. lat., glabra, subtus pallida, adulta desiderantur; costa media utrinque
prominula, costee secundarie plures, debiles, angulo fere recto insertze; venulz arcte
reticulatee, supra vix aspectabiles; petioli (an omnino evoluti?) 0:2 cm. long.
Stipule oblong, dorso carinatee, apice breviter bisetuliferze, striis pluribus in-
structz, subscariosee, 0°25 cm. long. Ramenta triangulari-lanceolata, inferiora
obtusa, dorso brevissime aristata vel nuda, superiora acuminata et basi aristá
dorsali circa 0-1 em. long. munita, omnia carinata, crebre striata, membranacea.
Prophylla 0°1 cm. long., spathulato-oblonga, superne ciliato-erosula ibique dorso
pilifera. Pedicelli 0°3-0°5 em. long., sursum dilatati. Sepala basi connata, tri-
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2y
322 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
angulari-oblonga, acuta. Petala alba, oblonga, obtusa, ligula duplicata; lobi laterales
antici, late ovati. lobo intermedio minimo lancelato rigide acuminato multo lon-
giores; lobi laterales postici anticos semisequantes, connati, apice inflexi. Tubus
stamineus calyci subeequilongus, ore breviter lobulatus; filamenta subsequilonga,
tubum stamineum et stylos florum brachystylorum tantum scrutatorum circa 2-plo
excedentia, Ovarium oblongo-ovoideum, tubum stamineum :equans; styli 3,
discreti; stigmata clavellato-capitata.
Species fortasse juxta Erythroxylon myrsinite, Mart., interponenda, ab eo attamen
multis signis gravioris momenti insigniter abhorret. [Bras. Or.]
ERYTHROXYLON DURUM (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramosa, glabra, ramulis teretibus, sat crassis,
in longitudinem eximie rimatis, cinereis, foliis brevipetiolatis, majusculis vel sub-
mediocribus, oblongo-obovatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis, basin versus sensim angustatis,
rigide coriaceis; stipulis elongatis, lineari-lanceolatis, basi amplexicaulibus, petiolo
longioribus; ramentis stipulis conformibus, apice longiuscule apiculatis, superioribus
dorso prope basin aristatis: sepalis sub anthesi 0:25 em. long., sub fructu paullulum
(usque 0:3 em.) auctis, ovatis, breviter acuminatis, medio nervis parallelis approximatis
percursis, petalis vix 0:4 em. long.
Hab. Reperi in sylvà primevá prope Santa Cruz, neenon in ripa fl. Brasinho ; floret
menss. Sept. et Oct. (Nn. 342, 500.)
Frutex diffusus, ramosus. Rami obsoleto-puberuli, mox glabri. Foliorum lamina
usque 17:5x9'0 cm., modica 11:'0x6:'5 cm., supra nitida, subtus pallida; costa
media supra impressa, subtus admodum eminens; costee secundarie utrinque circa
12, seepius plus minus undulatze, dein subito fornicatim-conjuncte, subtus prominulz ;
venule laxe reticulate, parum eminentes; petioli circa 0:5 cm. long., sat obesi,
supra late canaliculati. Stipulee sagittato-lanceolate, dorso bicarinatee, longitrorsum
striatze, membranacez, 0:12 em. long., apice setis tribus 0:12-0:2 em. long. instructee,
castaneze. Ramenta mox laxiuseula, inferiora superioribus multo breviora, illa
triangularia, hee lanceolata et apice tri-setulifera, inferiora dorso breviter aristata
vel nuda, superiora basi aristá vix usque 0'2 em. long. onusta. Prophylla conferta,
ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, subscariosa. Flores nodis bracteatis plurifloris insidentes,
et pedicellis +1:0 em. long. quadrangularibus fulti. Sepala basi connata, in anthesi
0:2 cm. lat. Petala alba, oblonga, obtusa, circa 0°18 em. lat.; ligula duplicata,
petali lamina circa duplo brevior; lobi laterales antici concavi, ovati, obsolete
undulati, lobum intermedium oblongum bifidum bene superantes; lobi laterales
postici anticos semisequantes, connati, apice inflexi. Tubus stamineus circa 0°12 cm.
long., i. e. calycem semisequans, ore undulato. Florum dolichostylorum a me
tantummodo scrutatorum filamenta ejusdem seriei insequilonga, breviora tubum
stamineum 3-plo excedentia, et filamenta longiora seepissime 3 wquantia. Ovarium
subglobosum, tubum stamineum paullo excedens ; styli 3, discreti ; stigmata capitata.
Drupa ovoideo-oblonga, 0-7 em. long.
» Ex affinitate E. macrophylli, Mart., abs qua facili obtutu secernendum ob folia minora
diversiformia, stipulas longius setuliferas, inflorescentiam disparem, sepala breviora
ovata nequaquam flabellatim-nervosa, tubum stamineum calycem semisequantem neque
eo multo breviorem, drupam fere duplo minorem, etc. [Amazonia, Guiana.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-992. 323
MALPIGHIACEZ,
BYRSONIMA VERBASCIFOLIA, Rich. in Ann. Mus. Paris, xviii. p. 481.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada satis abundat, mens. Aug. florens. (Nn. 154, 155,) [Amer.
Austr. Trop.]
BYRSONIMA CYDONUEFOLIA, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. iii. pii
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret menss. Sept.-Nov. et Dec. fructificat.
This seems to be the var. chiquitensis of Jussieu’s Monograph (p. 27).
A very common small tree, of which, by some oversight, I failed to obtain flowering
specimens.
BYRSONIMA CYDONLEFOLIA, A. Juss., var. CUNEATA, S. Moore, a typo abhorrens foliis
lanceolatis deorsum cuneatis, pedunculis et pedicellis gracilibus, his elongatis. An
potius species propria ?
Hab. Fruticulus ¿-metralis; floret ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 274.) [Bras. Or.,
Bolivia. ]
BYRSONIMA COCCOLOBAFOLIA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. v. p. 148.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores albos ostendit mens. Nov. (N. 782.) [Amer. Austr.
Trop.]
BYRSONIMA INDORUM (sp. nov.) Arbuscula, abunde ramosa; foliis brevipetiolatis,
anguste obovato-oblongis, raro obovatis, obtusis, nunc brevissime et obtuse cuspidatis,
basi acuminatis, tenuiter coriaceis, appresse pilosulis, fere glabris; racemis termi-
nalibus paucifloris, subferrugineo-tomentosis; bracteis bracteolisque approximatis,
illis triangulari-oblongis ; pedicellis 4-plo brevioribus has rotundato-ovatas 2-plo exce-
dentibus; petalis flavis; antherarum sagittatarum loculis ultra connectivum obtusum
brevissime productis una cum ovario piliferis.
Hab. Reperi in ripà fl. dos Bugres mens. Oct. florentem. (N. 501.)
Rami usque 0°5 cm. diam., teretes, cinerei, rimosi, et lenticelliferi; ramuli appresse
hirsutuli, cito glabri. Foliorum lamina supra haud nitida, subtus paullulum decolor,
modica 10:0 em. long., 4:5-6'0 cm. lat.; costee secundariz utrinque 8-10 angulis
fere rectis insertee, leviter arcuate, marginem versus undulatim et arcuatim con-
juncte, una eum costá mediá supra parum subtus maxime eminentes; venul: arcte
reticulatee utrinque prominule; petioli usque 1:0 em. long., appresse hirsutuli.
Racemi 3:0-7:0 cm. long. Bracteze apice acute, dorso appresse puberulæ, 0'2 cm.
long. Bracteole 01 cm. long., obtusze, puberule. Pedicelli 0'3 em. long., patuli,
subferrugineo-tomentosi. Flores expansi (ex schedis meis flavi) desiderantur.
Calycis 10-glandulosi lobi ovati, obtusi, puberuli, margine ciliolati, 0-28 em. long.;
glandule 0:12 em. long., oblongo-obovatee. Petala extus glabra. Filamenta bre-
vissima, dense pilifera; anthers 0'2 em. long., 0:06 cm, lat. Ovarium triangulari-
ovoideum, vix 0'1 cm. long. ; styli crassiusculi, glabri, paullo ultra 0'2 cm. long.,
apice incurvi. Fructus ignotus.
Forsan cum Byrsonima intermedia, A. Juss., et B. levigata, DC., componenda, ab
2v2
324 MB. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ambabus revera sat discrepat ob folia neenon bracteas dissimiles. Illius anthere insuper
apice cuspidato-acuminatee, hujus antherze necnon ovarium glabrum, etc. [Bras. Or.,
Amazonia. |
THRYALLIS LABURNUM (sp. nov.). Frutex volubilis, caule sat tenui, subtereti, tenuiter
sublutescenti-tomentoso, abunde ramuloso ; foliis amplis, petiolatis, late ovatis, obtusis
vel acutis, basi rotundatis, supra mox (przeter nervos) glabris, subtus tenuiter albo-
tomentosis, chartaceo-membranaceis, in sicco virescentibus; floribus ultra 2:0 cm.
diam. ex axillis foliorum superiorum ortis et in racemis pauci- vel plurifloris foliis
hebetatis seu validis, intermixtis, digestis, aut paniculas terminales plurifloras
patulas conficientibus; calycis ampli tenuiter tomentosi segmentis inzequalibus, ovatis
vel ovato-oblongis, obtusis; petalis inzequalibus, longe unguiculatis, rotundatis vel
rotundato-reniformibus, margine erosulis; staminibus calyce duplo brevioribus;
fructibus magnis triquetris, fere 0*5 cm. diam.
Hab. Crescit in nemorosis prope Corumbá, mens. Jan. florescens. (N. 970.) Incolit
itaque Brasiliam Orientalem, scilicet provinciam S. Catharinam, unde misit Tweedie (ex
spec. in Hb. Kew.) et Fritz Müller (n. 188 in Hb. Kew.).
Ramorum floriferorum caulis 2:0—9:0 cm. diam., demum glaber et subcinereus et in
longitudinem ramosus. Foliorum pagina nonnunquam basi parum obliqua, ad 11:0 em.
long. (plerumque vero 8:0—10:0 cm.) et 5°0-6°0 em. lat. (raro 8'O em.), margine obscure
undulata, subtus imá basi (sub apice petioli ipsius) glandulas duas elevatas tomentosas
rotundas vel parum ellipticas 0'1 cm. diam. prestans ; costee secundarisee utrinque
plerumque 5-8 angulis latis insertz, primo recte, marginem versus subito arcuatim-
conjuncte, una cum costá mediá supra impressá subtus eminentes; venulæ laxe
reticulate, inconspicuee ; petioli 08-177 em. long., pingues, breviter canaliculati, ima basi
subito incrassati, molliter tomentosi. Inflorescentie axis molliter tomentosá; racemi
foliis breviores, paniculze plerzeque folia superantes; bractee caducissime, haud visse;
pedicelli graciles, tomentosi, 0'7-1:0 em. long. Flores 2:5 cm. diam. Calycis segmenta
ad 0:85 em. long., utrinque tenuiter tomentosa, obscure nervosa. Petala lutea, vix 1:0
em. long., usque ad 0'8 em. lat., eorum unguis ad 0:6 cm. long., tenuis vel firmior ac
(saltem in sicco) fuscior. Anther:e oblongze, filamentis compressis zequilongz. Ovarium
trigonum, tomentosum, 0'2 cm. diam.; styli glabri, stamina eequantes. Calycis persis-
tentis segmenta sub fructu firma, leviter tomentosa, circa 1:0 cm. long., 0:5-0:6 cm. lat.,
plana, patentia, intus manifeste reticulato-nervosa; fructus tomentosi cristá dorsali
valde prominente.
Species distinctissima et facile recognoscenda.
Recourse has been had to Tweedie’s specimen for the description of the fruit of this
beautiful plant. |
Hujus stirpis reperi ad Corumbá mens, Jan. (n. 969) varietatem insequentem :—
Var. MINOR, a typo distans habitu (frutex 3 met. alt.) haud volubili (ascendente,
an nonnunquam scandente ?), ramulis gracilioribus, foliis minoribus (ad 6:5 em. long.,
plerumque vero brevioribus), 2-0-3:5 cm. lat., floribus minoribus (2*0 em. diam.),
calycis lobis et petalis minoribus.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 325
A small specimen in the Herbarium at Kew, collected by Blanchet (no. 3628), is
perhaps to be referred to this variety, though its thicker leaves are stellately pubescent on
their underside, not tomentose. [Bras. Or. |
GALPHIMIA BRASILIENSIS, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. iii. p. 71.
Hab. Floret ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 288.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia. ]
HETEROPTERIS ($ PrycHETEROPTERIS ?) NUDICAULIS (sp. nov.); caule erecto, ramoso,
tereti, rufo-tomentoso, demum glabro; foliis breviter petiolatis, oblongis, obtusiusculis
vel acutis, plerisque brevissime acuminatis, membranaceo-coriaceis, supra appresse
pubescentibus, demum glabris et pallide nitentibus, subtus molliter rufo-tomentosis,
prope basin brevissime cordatam biglandulosis; umbellis paucifloris (plerumque 2-1-
floris) paniculas breves axillares vel terminales foliis subequilongas efformantibus,
et seepe foliis hebetatis mixtis rufo-tomentosis; prophyllis maxime insequalibus, ovatis,
basi biglandulosis, rufo-tomentosis; bracteis parvis bracteolas «*equantibus, pedicellis
tenuibus, nequaquam incrassatis, juxta basin articulatis ibidemque bibracteolatis ;
calycis 8-glandulosi segmentis late oblongis, obtusis, glandulas duplo excedentibus,
superne paullo incurvis; petalis ovatis obtusissimis, longiuscule ac crassiuscule ungui-
culatis; samaris rufo-tomentosis lateribus gibbis planis, alis equimagnis vel sub-
sequimagnis vel inzequalibus, neenon interdum alà und solummodo evolutà.
Hab. Yn fruticetis reperi ad Cuyabá (n. 16) et ad Santa Cruz (Barra dos Bugres)
(n. 335). Floret mens. Aug.; fructus (vix maturos ?) preebet mens. Sept.
Frutex gracilis, I-vix 2 met. alt. e rhizomate pingui erectus, basi aphyllus, sepe post foli-
orum casum florens. Folia 3:5-8'0 em. long. (raro ad apices ramulorum folia minora
posita sunt), 1:5-3:5 em. lat., siepe subtus ad sinistrum latus glandulá tertià aucta ;
costs secundarise utrinque 5-6, leviter arcuate, sub margine conjunctee, subtus
eminentes; venule laxe reticulate; petioli 0:2-0*4 cm. long., crassiusculi, rufo-
tomentosi. Panicule plerz:eque 3:0—4'0 em. long. (occurrunt vero ad 8:0 em. long.),
subcongestee ; prophylla ad 0:4 em. long. (ac igitur reverá in folia hebetata trans-
euntia), pleraque vero circa 0:2 em. long. Pedicelli 0'7-1:2 cm. long., subcongesti ;
bracteze bracteoleeque oblongo-lanceolatee, rufo-tomentoss, circa 0'15 cm. long.
Flores lutei, 1:0 cm. diam. Calycis segmenta 0°35 cm. long. ; glandule 0:16 cm.
long., anguste ellipticee; segmentum quintum lineas duas elevatas pro glandulis
ostendens. Petala 0°6 cm. long. margine undulata; unguis vix 02 cm. long.
Ovarium leviter triquetrum, rufo-tomentosum. Samara (vix matura) 1:8 em. lat.,
0:6 em. long.
Species forsitan juxta H. confertifloram, A. Juss., ponenda, sed multis notis dispar.
The Cuyabá specimens are in flower, those from Santa Cruz in the fruiting stage, and
except for the former having somewhat larger leaves, less rusty beneath, I can see no
difference between them. [Bras. Or.]
Verisimiliter in hoc genus digerenda et juxta speciem precedentem interponenda exstat
planta fruticosa metralis quam ad Santa Cruz legi (n. 336), caule erecto, tereti, superne
326 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
tantum foliigero ; foliis minimis, subsessilibus, nummulariis, apiculatis, margine revolutis,
coriaceis, glabris, 0:S-1:0 cm. long. et lat.; umbellis paucifloris (4), ferrugineo-pube-
scentibus, in paniculas effusas folia multo excedentes digestis; bracteis parvis, lanceolatis,
ferrugineis, circa 0:1 em. long. ; pedicellis gracilibus, centimetralibus vel ultra, ferrugineo-
pubescentibus, paullo infra medium articulatis et bracteolis caducis onustis; calycis 8-
elandulosi segmentis ovato-oblongis, dorso ferrugineis, 0°23 cm. long. ; glandulis oblongis,
0:12 em. long., filamentis glabris, ovario tomentoso, fructu ignoto.
Ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (n. 81) legi specimen forsan in hoc genus tra
hendum, foliis Janceolatis acuminatis, basi obtusis, glabris, coriaceis, supra nitidis, subtus
pallidis, imá basi glandulis duabus circularibus 0:04 cm. diam. instructis, 100-170 cm.
long. et 3:5-5:5 cm. lat. ; costis secundariis utrinque circa 10, angulis latis insertis, aperte
arcuatis, una cum costá mediá subtus conspicuis ; venulis arcte reticulatis, supra admodum
aspectabilibus; petiolis incrassatis, transverse rugatis, 0:5-0:8 cm. long.; paniculis termi-
nalibus, quam folia brevioribus, laxe plurifloris, appresse strigoso-pubescentibus ; bracteis
bracteolisque parvis, subulatis, 1:0-1:5 em. long.; pedicellis elongatis, gracilibus, juxta
basin articulatis, puberulis, 01 cm. long.; floribus luteis; calycis 8-glandulosi lobis oblongis,
obtusis, 0'2 cm. long., glandulis oblongis 0°15 em. long.; petalorum laminá 0:5 em. long.,
0:3 em. lat., et ungue 0:1 cm. long. ; antherarum dorso strigoso-pubescentium connectivo
apice mucronato, loculis 0:25 em. long., filamentis strigose pubescentibus 0°12 cm. long.,
ovario sericeo, samara ignota.
BANISTERIA PUBIPETALA, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. iii. p. 41.
Ad Santa Cruz flores luteos ostendat mens. Dec. (n. 792), itaque ex Matto Grosso a
cl. Leeson missa (n. 11 in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia. ]
BANISTERIA CONSTRICTA, Griseb. in Mart, Fl. Bras. xii. pars i. p. 46.
Hab. Juxta Cuyabá et ed Serra da Chapada satis abundat, mens. Aug. florens et
fruetifieans. (Nn. 15, 104.) ¡Amazonia. ]
PEIXOTOA HIRTA, Mart. ex A. Juss. Monog. Malp. p. 176.
Hab. Legi ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (N. 153.)
Samar sericeo-tomentelle, virides, ale late oblonge, apice truncatz et undulat:e,
marginibus ambobus rectis vel fere rectis, 2:0 em. long., 1:2-1:5 em. lat., erebre nervose.
[Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
- STIGMAPHYLLON CALCARATUM, N. E. Br. [in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. xx. (1894) 48].
Hab. Viget in paludibus juxta Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens. (N. 1012. [Para-
guaria.]
TETRAPTERIS ($ PENTAPTERIS) PILIFERA (sp. nov.); caule ramoso, ramulis subteretibus,
ad nodos parum tumidis, villoso-tomentosis, demum glabris; foliis subsessilibus,
oblongo-ovatis, obtusis vel acutis vel brevissime cuspidato-acuminatis, supra pilosis,
subtus lanato-villosis, vix tomentosis ; corymbis 4-floris, quam folia brevioribus;
pedicellis gracilibus, medio articulatis ibidemque bibracteolatis; bracteis lineari-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 327
lanceolatis, bracteolas excedentibus ; calycis villosi segmentis lanceolato-oblongis,
obtusiusculis, sub fructu glandulas plus quam 2-plo excedentibus ; samarz alis late-
ralibus 4, discretis, insequalibus, nune late obovatis, nune oblongo-spathulatis, margine
eroso-undulatis; alà dorsali subquadraté, erosá, quam laterales breviore.
Hab. Viget in nemorosis ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. fructum prebens. (N. 562.)
Frutex incerte altitudinis, copiose ramosus. Folia ad 8:0 em. long., medio ad 3:3 cm.
lat. basin versus leviter coarctata, margine undulata et basin versus passim glandu-
lifera, membranacea subtus aliquanto decoloria; nervus medius pag. superiore
appresse tomentosus pag. inferiore eminens; costs secundariz utrinque circa 6,
oblique insertze, erecto-ascendentes, parum aspectabiles; venulee subobsolete.
Petiolus 0:2-0-25 cm. long. lanato-villosus, ad apicem faciei superioris glandulis
duabus rubellis parvis (vix 0:05 cm. long.) gaudens. Pedicelli 1:1-1:3 cm. long.,
lanato-villosi. Bracteze lineari-lanceolatee, dorso lanato-villosee, inferne glanduloso-
bidenticulate, 0:3 cm. long. Bracteolæ bracteis similes nisi minores, 0:2 cm. long.
Flores desunt. Calycis segmenta sub fructu 0'4 cm. long.; glandule 0'2 cm.
long., elliptieze, superne coarctatz. Fructus circa 2:5 cm. diam. Samare rubelle ale
laterales majores 0:9 cm. long., 08 em. lat.; minores majoribus «equilongi, 0*5 em.
lat.; alà dorsalis 0°5 em. long., 0°6 cm. lat.; ale omnes papyracex, eximie
nervatze.
Ex affinitate Tetrapteridis metallicoloris, A. Juss., sed aliquot notis dispar.
I have ventured to describe this plant, although the only specimen which has survived
is without flowers. A plant of Burchell’s collecting (n. 5754 in Herb. Kew.) should
perhaps be referred to this species. [ Bras. Or.]
TETRAPTERIS ($ PENTAPTERIS) PRACOX (sp. nov.); caule ramoso, tereti, lanato-tomentoso,
demum glabro, cortice fusco-cinereo crebre lenticellifero obtecto ; foliis petiolatis (ut
apparet) ovatis seu ovato-oblongis, margine obscure undulatis, chartaceis, supra
glabris, subtus tomentoso-pilosis ; ramis sepe umbellis preecocibus instructis, umbellis
lateralibus plerumque 2-6-floris; pedunculis sepissime subsessilibus, prophyllis
pluribus parvis linearibus sericeis instructis; pedicellis gracilibus, pedunculo
multoties longioribus, supra medium articulatis et juxta medium bibracteolatis ;
bracteis parvis linearibus, bracteolis conformibus; calycis sericeo-velutini segmentis
lanceolato-ovatis, quam glandulee vix duplo longioribus; petalis insequalibus, ungui-
culatis, ovatis vel panduriformibus, apice retusis; samare alis lateralibus omnino
disjunctis, subsequalibus, late linearibus, retusis vel margine apicali eroso-undulatis,
alà dorsali lateralibus subsimili, sed plus quam duplo breviore.
Hab. Juxta urb. Cuyabá abundat, et mens. Aug. flores neenon fructus vix maturos
prebet. (N. 17.)
Frutex prolixus, circa 1 met. alt., inferne aphyllus. Folia, ut videtur, ad circa 5:5 cm.
. long. et 3:0 cm. lat.; petiolus ad 0:6 cm. long., lanato-tomentosus, sat pinguis,
glandulas 3 parvas in sicco atras et nitentes circa 0:015 cm. long. gerens. Pedunculi
raro ad 0:5 cm. long., recti, sericei; prophylla vix ultra 0:15-0:2 cm. long. Bracteze
usque ad 0:38 em. long., una cum bracteolis 0:2 cm. long. sericee. Pedicelli 1:0-vix
328 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
1:5 em. long., subcongesti, sericei; eorum bracteve 0:2-0:3 cm. long. Flores lutei,
circiter 1:0 cm. diam. Calycis segmenta acutiuscula, 0:4 cm. long.; glandulze
anguste elliptieze, margine rugatee, 0:2-0:25 cm. long. Petala 05-07 cm. long.,
eorum unguis ad 0:15 em. long., nunc crassus, nunc tenuis. Ovarium sericeum, sub-
globosum, circa 0:22 cm. diam. ; styli crassi, puberuli. Samar: sericeo-tomentosee,
vix mature, alee laterales ad 0°7 cm. long., 0:25 cm. lat.; ala dorsalis 0'3 cm. long. ;
omnes fere omnino glabree, virescentes, papyracez, in longitudinem crebre nervosve.
Cum Zetrapteridi ramiflorá, A. Juss., comparanda, specie mihi descriptione tantum
cognitá, sed ob pedunculos copiose prophyllis instructos, pedicellos elongatos, etc., certe
distincta.
This is one of the commonest plants round Cuyabá, but I had to search some time
before finding flowering shoots still bearing leaves, and then the latter were in a very
imperfect state. [Bras. Or. |
Hirma ($ MascAGNIA, PLEUROPTERIS) NITENS (sp. nov.); caule terete, cinereo vel
fusco-cinereo, glabro ; foliis breviter petiolatis, ovatis vel ovato-oblongis, obtusis vel
obtuse acutis, nonnunquam leviter cuspidatis, basi rotundatis vel levissime coarctatis,
coriaceis, glabris, nitentibus, eglandulosis ; floribus breviter racemosis vel paniculatis,
. paniculis congestis, subthyroideis; prophyllis minutis; pedicellis infra medium
minute bibracteolatis; bracteis bracteolis similibus; calycis 8-glandulosi segmentis
late oblongis, obtusiusculis, quam glandulz haud duplo longioribus; samaris (an
maturis?) parvis, dorso eximie carinatis et argute scrobiculatis, alis oblongis,
margine inciso-undulatis.
Hab. In convalle ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. fructus gerens. (N. 74.)
Frutex scandens, a basi foliatus. Folia ad 15°0 cm. long. (plerumque 8:0-11:0 cm.),
4-0-6:0 em. lat., reticulato-nervosa ; petioli 0°5-0°8 cm. long., crassi, juxta medium
glandulas duas parvas ellipticas in sicco fuscas vix 0:2 em. long. preebentes. Costes
secundarise circa 8, angulis latis plerumque insertz (inferiores raro erecto-ascen-
dentes), aperte arcuatee, deinde margine parallele et maxime undulate; venulee
arcte reticulate, utrinque conspicue. Inflorescentiz axis appresse pubescens,
demum glaber. Panicula terminalis ad 5'0 cm. long., inferne vix 5:0 cm. diam.
Prophylla et bracteze subulatze, illa 0:15 cm., he 0-1 cm. long. Pedicelli 0:8-1:0
em. long., pubescentes. Calycis segmenta rufulo-tomentosa, vix 0:3 cm. long.,
glandulee vix 0:2 cm. long., anguste ellipticze. Petala haud visa. Ovarium sub-
trigonum, tomentosum ; styli glabri, ovario breviores. Samars (an mature ?) 0°7
em. long. et lat., membranace:e, virescentes.
Ex affinitate H. chlorocarpe, A. Juss., abs quà ob foliorum formam et magnitudinem
pluria inter propria eximie discrepat; videtur itaque ad H. hippocrateoidem, Planch. et
Triana, accedere, sed foliis latioribus, petiolis biglandulosis, inflorescentia sæpe racemi-
formi, bracteis minutis, ete., certe ab illa diversa. [Bras. Or., Nov. Granat. ]
Hina ($ Mascaenta, EUMASCAGNIA) VOLUBILIS (sp. nov.). Frutex volubilis, caulibus
teretibus, pubescentibus, demum fere glabris, in longitudinem rimosis; ramulis abunde
foliosis, rufo-tomentosis ; foliis petiolatis, obtusis vel acutis vel breviter acuminatis,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 329
basi rotundatis, nervo medio excurrente apiculatis, supra piloso-pubescentibus,
demum preeter ad nervos glabris, subtus piloso-pubescentibus, membranaceis, eglandu-
losis ; petiolis rufo-tomentosis, utrinque basi glandula auctis ; inflorescentià axillari vel
terminali, corymbosá, vel floribus in paniculas paucifloras corymbiformes dispositis ;
pedicellis gracilibus, juxta medium minute bibracteatis; calycis 8-glandulosi
segmentis glandulas haud superantibus; petalis ovato-oblongis, breviter unguiculatis;
samaris albo-tomentosis, immaturis, alà dorsali parva, laterali samaram cingente
amplá suborbiculari.
Hab. In nemorosis viget ad Santa Cruz, menss. Sept.-Nov. florens. (Nn. 340, 647.)
Caulis 2:5-3:0 cm. crass., purpureo-bruneus. Folia pleraque 7:5-9*0 em. long. (raro ad
10:0 cm.), plerumque 4°0-7:0 cm. lat., margine ciliata, pagina super. ad nervum
medium plus minus appresse pubescenti-tomentosa, pagina infer. pallida, nervis
aliquanto elevatis plus minus pubescenti-tomentosis; petioli 0'7-1:5 em. long.,
pingues, glandulis late ellipticis vel fere orbicularibus 0:1 em. diam. Pedunculi rufo-
tomentosi, plerumque 1:0—3:0 em. long. Prophylla subulata, rufo-tomentosa, circa
0:2 em. long. Pedicelli plerique circa 1:0 em. long., subcongesti, rufo-tomentosi,
bracteze prophyllis subsimiles. Flores rosei, circa 1:2 em. diam. Calycis segmenta
0:3 em. long., ovata, obtusa, pubescentia; glandule ellipticee, calycis segmentis
eequilongee. Petala 0:6 cm. long. et 0°45 em. lat., nervo medio in sicco eminente;
unguis modo 0'1 em. long., sat pinguis. Ovarium trigonum, albo-tomentosum ;
styli vix omnino glabri. Samare immature circa 0:6 em. long. et 0:5 em. lat., ala
dorsali circa 0:1 cm. alt.
Species accedens ad Hiream rubram (Mascagniam, Griseb.), quee forsan ad sectionem
Enmascagniam transferri debet, sed foliorum crassitudine ac vestitu, corymbis brevibus
nee solis terminantibus, pedicellis brevioribus, bracteis omnino diversis, etc., optime
divergens.
HIRAA sEPIUM, A. Juss. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. iii. p. 19.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores et fructum simul ostendit mens. Nov. (N. 520.)
HIRAA SEPIUM, A. Juss., var. NITENS, S. Moore, foliis quam ea typi firmioribus supra
nitidis et puberulis, samaris ignotis.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (N. 1008.)
Quum samaras non examinavissem, exstitit quzedam queestio num mera pro varietate
haberi debeat. (Bras. Or.]
HIRAA CUJABENSIS ?, Griseb. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars i. p. 100.
Hab. Crescit in loco ignoto, verisimilter ad Santa Cruz.
The specimen is very incomplete, and, owing to the loss of the label accompanying it,
I am unable to give its locality. [Matto Grosso.]
Hrrma (§MascaentA) (sp. nov.) ; foliis et floribus ignotis; samaris magnis, papyraceis,
glabris, viridibus, alà dorsali 2:0 em. long. et usque ad 1:3 em. lat., alis lateralibus late
obovatis, truncatis, margine superiore dentato-undulatis, 3:0 em. long. et lat.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 9x
330 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Brit. Mus.).
A fine species, with fruits much like those of Hirea glaucescens, Griseb., but much
larger. Perhaps it is still nearer the Mexican H. macroptera, DC.
CAMAREA ERICOIDES, A. St.-Hil., Pl. Rem. i. p. 158.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 286.) [ Bras. Or.]
Specimina manca reverá fructibus carentia, quápropter quoad genus omnino dubia :—
(i.) Volubilis, caulibus foliosis, strigose pubescentibus, cito glabris; foliis oblongo-ovatis,
obtusis obtusissimisve, nonnunquam retusis, basi rotundatis, supra glabris, haud
nitentibus, subtus pilis strigosis arcte appressis vestitis, tenuiter coriaceis, 5:0-10:0
em. long., 3:0-5:0 em. lat.; petiolis 0:5-0*7 cm. long., appresse et strigose puberulis,
basi biglandulosis insidentibus; costis secundariis utrinque 8-10, primo fere rectis,
dein dichotomis et arcuatim junctis ; paniculis terminalibus axillaribusve (et tune ex
axillis superioribus ortis), quam folia multo brevioribus (2:0-3:5 em. long.), appresse
ferrugineo-hirtulis, in umbellas brevipeduneulatas plerumque 3-4-floras digestis;
prophyllis lanceolatis, ferrugineo-hirtulis ; bracteis bracteolisque approximatis, lanceo-
latis, illis has duplo excedentibus et vix 0'2 cm. long.; pedicellis 0:4-0:6 em. long. ;
calycis 8-glandulosi segmentis oblongis dorso ferrugineo-hirtis 0:25 cm. long.,
glandulis nune minimis, nunc usque ad 0:16 em. long., oblongis; petalis luteis,
filamentis glabris, ovario tomentoso.
Hab. Reperi juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 945.)
{ii.)F ruticosa ? ramosa, ramis subteretibus, strigose pubescentibus, mox glabris; foliis
ovatis, breviter acuminatis, rarius cuspidulatis, basi rotundatis, nunc utrinque glabris,
supra haud nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, imá basi biglandulosis, 7:5-9:0 x 4:0—5:0 em.;
petiolis vix usque 1:0 em. long., villosulis, cito glabris, inflorescentiis terminalibus axil-
larisbusve ; floribus nunc racemosis, nunc in umbellas paucas 2-4-floras brevipeduncu-
latas paniculatim digestis, semper quam folia brevioribus nec ultra 6:0 em. long.;
bracteis 0°25 cm. long., lanceolatis, pedicellos ferrugineo-hirtulos semisequantibus;
bracteolis sub flore insertis ovatis, obtusis, basi biglandulosis, 1:5 em. long.; calycis 8-
glandulosi segmentis oblongis, obtusis, dorso appresse hirtulis, 0:3 em. long., glandulis
oblongis subzequalibus usque ad 0°25 cm. long. ; filamentis glabris; ovario tomentoso.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (N. 1095.)
(iii.) Fruticosa, deorsum aphylla, ramis erecto-ascendentibus, subteretibus, cinereo-
purpurascentibus; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, obtusis, basi parum coarctatis,
utrinque (costá media subtus brevissime albido-sericeo-tomentellà exemptà) glabris,
coriaceo-membranaceis, subtus nitentibus, costis secundariis utrinque circa 10 fere
rectis, deinde margini parallelis, subtus conspicuis, costis tertii ordinis plurimis
maxima pro parte secundariis plus minus perpendicularibus; petiolis circa 0'5
em. long., sericeo-tomentellis, sursum glandulis duabus pedicellatis onustis; floribus
umbellatis, umbellis abbreviatis, 3-4-foris, 1:5 em. long., sericeo-tomentellis ; bracteis
bracteolisque minutis, approximatis, «*qualibus, ovatis, sericeis; pedicellis 0-7 em.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 331
long. et reverá pedunculum vix 2-plo excedentibus; calycis S-glandulosi segmentis
ovatis, obtusis, dorso sericeis, 2°3 cm. long., glandulis ellipticis 0-1 cm. long.; filamentis
pilosulis; ovario trilobo tomentoso.
Hab. Verisimiliter inveni ad Santa Cruz, ob schedulam vero preetermissam locum
accurate indicare nequeo.
GERANIACEA.
OXALIS HIRSUTISSIMA, Zucc. Monog. Amer. Oxal. p. 179.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. Nom. vernac. Azedinha. (N. 608.)
Frutex altus, interdum orgyalis. Flores lutei. Capsule virides, ovoidex, angulis
appresse hirtulze, 0-6 em. long. Semina elliptica, 0:15 em. long., transverso-rugata,
brunea. | Bras. Or. |
OXALIS SEPIUM, A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 111, var. PICTA.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada neenon ad Santa Cruz, menss. Sept.-Nov. florens. (Nn. 263,
328, 561, 645.) [Bras. Or., Guiana, Ind. Occ. |
OXALIS CATHARINENSIS, N. E. Br. in Gardn. Chron. 1887, I. p. 140.
Hab. Crescit in sylvulis umbrosis juxta Corumbá, ubi flores albos mens. Jan. probet,
(N. 967.)
My specimens differ from the type (F. Mueller, no. 395, in Herb. Kew.) in having
somewhat sharper-angled leaves. In cultivation this beautiful little plant woefully
.deteriorates, possibly in consequence of exposure to light of too high intensity ; in its
native woods, at least at Corumbá, it prefers the darkest recesses. [ Bras. Or.]
RUTACE.E.
MONNIERIA TRIFOLIA, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. X. p. 1153.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, itaque ad ripas fl.
Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (Nn. 396, 625.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia,
Guiana, Nov. Granat.]
SIMARUBACEA?
Planta incertz sedis, forsan inter Simarubaceas difficile digerenda. Arbuscula, ramulis
teretibus striatis, cortice cinerascente amaro cincta; foliis alternis imparipinnatis,
foliolis 8-10 alternatim insertis, oblongo-obovatis, basi longe et sensim cuneatis ;
acuminatis, glabris, utrinque nitidis, creberrime et minute glanduloso-punctatis,
spicis elongatis, exaxillaribus vel ex axillis foliis orbis ortis, simplicibus, raro
bifurcatis; calyce 5-partito; petalis cum calycis lobis alternantibus, staminibus . . . ;
ovario omnino integro, 2-loculari, stigmatibus 2 brevibus sessilibus divaricatis coronato,
ovulis quove in loculo 2, ab apice pendulis; raphe ventrali, micropyle superiore ;
baccis oblongis, 1-2-locularibus, loculis abortu 1-spermis ; seminibus testa tenui arcte
adheerente obtectis, exalbuminosis; cotyledonibus carnosis, radiculá inconspicuá.
2x 2
332
MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Reperi in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras, ubi floret mens.
Oct.
(N. 491.)
Rami spicigeri, crassi, usque ad ultra 1:0 em. diam. Foliorum rhachis 23-0-37:0 em. long.,
0-2 em. diam., rigida, subtetragona, intervallis 2:0-9:5 cm. long. folioligera. Foliola
12:0-16:0 cm. long. (raro usque ad 8:0-10'0 cm. miniata), 4/5-6'0 cm. lat., firme
membranacea, subtus pallidiora, petiolis crassiusculis in sicco rugatis 0°3-0°6 cm.
long. insidentia ; eostze secundarize utrinque circa 8, plerumque angulis latis insertze,
aperte arcuate. Spice pendulæ, usque ad 27:0 em. long. (exstant nonnulle vero
sepe 10:0-16:0 cm. long.), 1:5-2'0 em. diam., rigidee, minute pubescentes, ima, basi
incrassatee. Bracteze nobis haud suppetunt. Flores pedicellis brevibus, crassiusculis,
subtetragonis, 0°1-0°15 cm. long. fulti. Calycis lobi ovati, obtusi, puberuli, circa
01 em. long. Petala calycem paullo excedentia. Ovarium oblongo-ovoideum, sur-
sum angustatum, arcte tomentosum, 0°25 em. long. Stigmata ligulata, obtusa,
0:004 em. long. Baccze oblongo-ovoidesze, 0'8 em. long., 0'6 cm. diam., primo
coccineee, deinde nigree.
In general appearance this plant resembles a Picramnia, but the gland-dotted leaves
are peculiar, and may indicate a Rutaceous affinity. Unfortunately, mature flowers are
not present, hence the impossibility of definitely placing the plant.
OCHNACE4.
OURATEA PURPURIPES (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramulis gracilibus, teretibus, glabris, cortice
papyraceo brunescente vel cinerascente obtectis; foliis mediocribus, tenuiter coriaceis,
elaberrimis, oblanceolatis vel oblanceolato-oblongis, basi coarctatis, margine serrulatis,
petiolis brevibus crassiusculis insidentibus; costá mediá utrinque prominente, costis
secundariis parum conspicuis, utrinque circa 10-12, aperte arcuatis ; venulis pluribus
horizontalibus, raro dichotomis; paniculis terminalibus axillaribusve, quam folia
brevioribus, racemiformibus, paucifloris, eorum ramulis verisimiliter ebracteatis,
fuscis, minute pubescentibus; pedicellis gracilibus, alabastra ovoidea acutiuscula sub-
«equantibus; sepalis inzequalibus, oblongis vel ovato-oblongis; petalis obovato-oblongis,
basi late cuneatis, antheras bene excedentibus; antheris lineari-oblongis, breviter acu-
minatis, rugulosis; gynophoro ovario «equilongo; stylo incrassato, ovarium 4-plo
excedente; drupá solitariá (an semper ?), anguste ovoideá, gynophorum ovoideum
triplo excedente.
Hab. Reperi in ripà fl. Paraguay juxta Santa Cruz mens. Oct. florentem et fructi-
fieantem. (N. 512.)
Ramuli 0:1-0:3 cm. diam., intervallis plerumque 1:0-3:0 cm. long. foliigeri. Folia
pleraque 7:0-10:5 em. long., 2:0-3:5 cm. lat., nitidula, subtus pallidiora, creberrime
ac minutissime pellucido-punctata, margine breviter cartilaginea, basi integra;
petioli crassiusculi, superne late excavati, dorso transverse rugati, 0:3 em. long.
Stipule ovato-lanceolatze, acuminate, 0:35 cm. long. Panicul circa 4:0 em. long.,
basi semel ramosze vel ad meros racemos reductæ. Pedicelli seepe bini vel terni,
ascendentes, sub flore 04 cm. long. Alabastra 0°5 em. long. Sepala 0:4—0-45
em. long. 0:2-0:25 em. lat, margine nune late, nune vix scariosa. Petala vix
omnino matura 0:5 em. long., basi 0:17, superne 0'3 em. lat. Antherm 0:3-0:35
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 333
em. long., basi 0'5 em. lat., apice ipso flavescentes, ceteroquin aurantiaco-rubescentes.
Gynophorum pentagonum, 0:06 em. long., sub fructu purpureus, 0:8 em. long. et
0:25 em. diam. Stylus 0:24 em. long. Drup:e vix 0'9 cm. long., 0°5 em. diam.,
basi ipsà breviter attenuatee, politze, vivæ virides. -
Speciei nulli mihi cognitee affinis, et imprimis venatione, foliis mediocribus utrinque
glaberrimis, tenuiter coriaceis, margine serrulatis, inflorescentiá racemiformi, pedicellis et
alabastris «equilongis facili negotio recognoscenda.
Huic affinis, ab ea racemorum et pedicellorum indumento discrepans, petalis majori-
bus, antheris longioribus, drupis parvis binis gynophoro subgloboso roseo insidentibus,
exstat insequens :—
OURATEA ROSIPES (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramulis sat validis, teretibus, cortice erustaceo-
cinereo obduetis ; foliis glaberrimis, breviter petiolatis, tenuiter coriaceis, oblongis vel
oblongo-oblanceolatis, obtusis, deorsum cuneatim angustatis, margine inferne integris,
superne serrulatis, costá medià utrinque prominente, costis secundariis zegre aspec-
tabilibus intrusis latere circa 12 aperte arcuatis, demum margini parallelis, interjectis
costis pluribus tertii ordinis subparallelis, crebre ramosis ; inflorescentiá racemosa (an
semper ?), axillari vel terminali, foliis breviore, basi bracteatà pauciflorà, fulvo-
tomentosá, dein puberulá, pedicellis fulvo-tomentosis, alabastris oblongis obtusis
eequilongis; sepalis insequalibus, oblongis vel ovato-oblongis, plus minus scariose
marginatis; petalis obovatis, basi late cuneatis, antheras subeequantibus; antheris
linearibus, acuminatis, rugulatis; gynophoro ovario vix sequilongo, stylo filiformi,
ovarium triplo excedente; drupis binis ovoideis, gynophorum subglobosum duplo
excedentibus.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. floret et fructificat. (N. 364.)
Frutex diffusus, ultrametralis. Ramuli erecti, usque ad 0'4 cm. diam. Folia 75-110
em. long., 2:0-3:5 em. lat, utrinque nitidula, subtus parum decoloria, minute
pellucido-punctata, margine breviter cartilaginea; petioli 0'2 cm. long., superne
excavati, dorso rugati. Stipule firme, lanceolate, 0:2-0:25 em. long., in sicco
fuscee. Racemi usque 3:0 em. long., bracteze stipulis similes. Pedicelli et alabastra
0-4 em. long. hæc basi 0:22 cm. lat. Sepala 0:5 cm. long. 0:2-0:3 em. lat.,
apice obtusa vel acutiuscula, dorso minute pubescentia. Petala inzequalia, 0°6-0°7
em. long., ima basi 0°12 cm. lat., superne usque 0'4 cm. lat. Anthere 0:5-0:6 em.
long. in sicco, apice flavescente exempto, fusco-brunew. Gynophorum sub-
pentagonum 0:08 cm. long. sub fructu roseum, 0:3 cm. long. Ovarium
0l em. long. 0:13 cm. diam. Stylus 0:32 cm. long. Drup: 0°5-0°7 cm. long.,
0:4-0:5 em. diam., nitiduls, vivee virides.
OURATEA RrEDELIANA, Engl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars ii. p. 322.
Hab. Ad Cuyabá satis abundat, reperi itaque ad Santa Cruz. Floret menss. Sept.-
Nov. (Nn. 24, 474.)
The Santa Cruz plant has larger and more deeply serrated leaves than those of the
type: the leaves attain a length of 14 centimetres; and the nerves also are more plainly
marked. [Bras. Or.]
834 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
OURATEA ORGYALIS (sp. nov.). Erecta, glaberrima, ramulis subtetragonis, cortice cinereo
obtectis; foliis coriaceo-membranaceis, oblongo-oblanceolatis, obtusissimis vel obtusis,
basi acutis, margine (parte infimá integra exempta) impariter spinuloso-serrulatis,
petiolis brevibus fultis; costis secundariis utrinque circa 10, plus minus fornicatis,
demum margini parallelis, supra eminentibus, venulis perplurimis rarius anastomo-
santibus, magna pro parte costis secundariis perpendieularibus vix prominulis;
stipulis parvis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis ; paniculà terminali anguste thyrsoidea,
ejus ramulis superioribus abbreviatis, ramis omnibus subsimplicibus et paucifloris ;
pedicellis tenuibus, alabastra paullulum superantibus; petalis late obovatis, dimidio
inferiore gradatim cuneatis ; antheris attenuatis, rugulosis, insequilongis, longioribus,
quam petala paullo brevioribus ; ovario 5-gyno, gynophoro brevi insidente; carpidiis
ovoideis; stylo superne sensim angustato, antheras haud superante.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 455.)
Frutex prolixus, erectus, orgyalis, caule gracili apice solummodo foliigero. Ramuli
pauci, ascendentes, 0°2-0°3 cm. diam. Folia et flores iisdem temporibus geniti, illa
12:0 em. long. vix £0 cm. lat, supra nitidula, subtus pallidiora; petioli
0:3 em. long., erassiusculi, supra canaliculati; stipule 0:8 cm. long., crebre nervose.
Panicula 14:0 em. long., inferne circa 4:0 em. lat., mox usque ad 2:0 em. attenuata.
Pedicelli 0:8 cm. long. Alabastra anguste ovoidea, acuta, 0:6 em. long., 0'3 em. lat.
Sepala oblonga, sub apice breviter mucronulata, 0°75 cm. long., exteriora crassi-
uscula, interiora margine scariosa. Petala 0°75 cm. long., summum 0°6 cm. lat.
(ima basi vix 0'1 cm. lat.) margine undulata vel crenellata. Antherz longiores
0:6 cm., breviores vix 0°45 em. long., omnes tenues et fere a basi sensim angustate.
Gynophorum abbreviatum, crassum, circa 0:04 cm. alt. Carpidia 0:07 cm. et stylus
vix 0:5 em. long. Bacca ignota.
Sine dubio precedenti admodum affinis, etiam cum O. hexasperma, Baill., rite com-
ponenda; ab ambabus attamen insigniter distat ob folia floribus cozetanea, inflorescentiam
anguste thyrsoideam, et antheras inter se inzequales. Folia hujus insuper obsolete
serrata, et stipulæ duplo longiores, panicula densiflora, pedicelli necnon styli longiores,
illa contra flores majores alabastra abbreviata obtusa, antheras nec ultra 0:35 cm. long.,
probet. (Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
OURATEA SIMULANS (sp. nov.); ramis glaberrimis, subtetragonis, sat validis, in sicco
bruneis; foliis elongatis, brevipetiolatis, lineari-lanceolatis, acute acuminatis, basi
obtusis, fere toto margine crebre serrulatis, coriaceis, elaberrimis, costá media lata,
paginá superiore basi impressa, superne eminente, subtus prorsus prominula, costis
secundariis perplurimis utrinque impressis; paniculis terminalibus vel ex axillis
summis ortis, earum ramulis plurifloris patentibus subtetragonis; pedicellis abbre-
viatis, alabastra ovoidea acuminata haud excedentibus; sepalis oblongis obtusis;
petalis late rhombeo-obovatis, basi longe cuneatis, quam sepala paullo longioribus ;
antheris rugulatis, petala 3 equantibus; gynophoro ovarium subzquante ; stylo quam
stamina paullo breviore; drupá subcylindrica, in sicco bruned, nitidá.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 335
Hab. Legi in ripá R. Paraguay juxta Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Oct. floret et fructificat.
(N. 461.)
Frutex elatus. Foliorum lamina usque ad 30-0 em. long. et 7:0 em. lat. (mediocris 22:0 x
6:0 em.), utrinque pallide nitens, subtus vero decolor, in sieco lutescenti-brunea, siepe
plus minus, more Erythroxyli Coca, Lam., et specierum Zriplaridis, longitrorsum
striata; petioli crassi, alte canaliculati, 0:6-0'9 cm. long. 0:25 em. lat, dorso
transverse rugosi. Paniculee thyrsoidew, usque 12:0 em. long., basi plerumque
40-770 em. lat., ramulis plerisque 2:0-5:0 em. long., plurifloris; pedicelli graciles,
circa 0'4 em. long. Alabastra paullulum ante floritionem 0:5 em. long., 0:4 em. lat.
Sepala 0:5 em. long., juxta medium 0:2 em. lat., margine breviter scariosa. Petala
0*6 cm. long., usque 0:5 em. lat. Anthere 0°5 em. long., apieulo in sicco flave-
scente, ceterum brunes. Gynophorum 0:05 cm. long. Ovarium 0:06 em. long.,
stylo 0-4 cm. long. coronatum. Gynophorum fructiferum subeylindricum, admo-
dum curvatum, 0:5 em. long. et 0:3 cm. diam. Drupz 1:0 em. long. vel paullulum
ultra, 0:6 cm. lat., lzeves.
Mihi videtur Ouratee tenuifolie, Engl., proxima, abs quá foliis longe aliis, alabastris
majoribus, petalis latioribus, antheris longioribus inter alia optime abhorret.
This species is remarkably homoplastie with the Amazonian 0. verruculosa, Engl., so
much so that it would be difficult to distinguish the two without flowers. In the
flowering state, however, there is much difference. A precisely similar homoplasy will
be mentioned when treating of the genus Psychotria (see p. 379). [Amazonia.]
MELIACEA.
GUAREA SYLVESTRIS (sp. nov.) ; foliis longiuscule petiolatis, 3-5-jugis, foliolis oppositis,
petiolulatis, oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, cuspidato-acuminatis, basi acutis, supra
elaberrimis, subtus, costis appresse pubescentibus, mox minute puberulis exceptis,
elabris; petiolulis una cum rhachi tomentosis, cito puberulis; paniculis brevipedun-
culatis, simplicibus, quam folia multo brevioribus ; alabastris late oblongis; floribus
tetrameris, calycis cupuliformis extus puberuli vel pubescentis ore impariter
4-dentato; petalis breviter sericeo-tomentosis, in sicco haud rubescentibus; tubo
stamineo cylindrico, crenellato; ovario subgloboso, gynophoro «equilongo, dense
albido-sericeo.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primeeva inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan. (N. 400.)
Arbuscula (ex schedis meis), forsan potius frutex altus trimetralis, trunco gracili.
Ramuli cinerascentes, juveniles griseo-tomentosi, dein puberuli, crebre striati,
0:4 em. diam. Foliorum rhachis 24:0 cm. long. Foliolorum juga insequalia, foliola
basalia 7:0-11:0 em. long., superiora 15:0-18:0 em. long., 4:2-5'0 cm. lat., cre-
berrime ac minutissime pellucido-punctata, coriaceo-membranacea; coste se-
cundarie utrinque circa 10, angulis latis inserts, aperte arcuate, dein margini
parallele, una cum costa medià subtus prominule ; venule arcte reticulat:e,
utrinque, presertim vero subtus, conspicuæ. Petioluli incrassati, rugati, 0°5 cm.
long. Petioli 0'7-0-9 cm. long., superne late canaliculati. Paniculæ 7:0-12:0
336 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
em. long., minute pubescentes; cymule pedicellis 0:3-0:5 cm. long. fultee. Flores
virides, 0:5 cm. long., pedicellis 0:1 em. long. insidentes. Calyx 0:1 em. long. Petala
vix 0:5 em. long., lineari-oblonga, obtusa. Tubus stamineus 0:42 cm. long. Anthere
lineares, 0-1 cm. long. Ovarium 0°1 cm. long., stylo angulato appresse sericeo-
pubescente 0:2 cm. long. coronatum. Capsule non suppetebant.
Mihi videtur ad Guaream paraensem, C.DC., accedere, cujus folia admodum similia,
ob alabastra ejus vero angusta, elongata, longipedicellata facili obtutu nostra a stirpe
dignoscenda. [ Amazonia. |
GUAREA RUBRICALYX (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, foliis longiuscule petiolatis, 2-4-jugis, foliolis
oppositis, petiolulatis, oblongis vel oblongo-oblanceolatis, breviter et obtuse cuspidatis,
basi acutatis, supra glaberrimis, subtus, costà medià appresse pubescente exempta,
glabris; petiolulis una eum rhachi primo appresse tomentosis, cito pubescentibus
puberulisve; paniculis elongatis, folia subzequantibus, inferne breviter ramosis, superne
simplicibus, pluri- et densifloris ; alabastris late oblongis; floribus tetrameris ; calycis
cupuliformis extus puberuli ore insequaliter 4-dentato; petalis breviter sericeo-
puberulis, in sicco rubescentibus; tubo stamineo urceolari, ore obsolete undulato;
ovario depresse subgloboso, gynophoro «equilongo, sericeo-puberulo.
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. Paraguay, prope Tres Barras, mens. Oct. florentem.
(N. 513.)
Ramuli teretes, usque 0°6 em. diam., primo ochraceo-tomentosi, cito puberuli, cortice
tenuissimo cinerascente obducti. foliorum rhachis 14°0-16-0 em. long., superne
canaliculata. Foliola superiora majora 14°0-16:0 em. long., inferiora 5:0-10'0 em.
long., illa 4:0-5:0 cm. lat., heec szepe usque ad 2:0 vel 3:0 em. attenuata, coriaceo-
membranacea, opaca; costa media supra impressa, subtus prominens; coste
secundarise utrovis latere circa 10, aperte arcuate, demum margini parallels, una
cum venulis arcte reticulatis subtus eminentiores. Petioluli incrassati, rugati,
anguste canaliculati, 0:3 cm. long. Petioli 4:0-10:0 cm. long., late canaliculati
Panicule usque 22:0 em. long., plerseque vero circa 14-0 em. (occurrunt nonnull
modo 11:0 em. long.), pubescentes, ramulos patulos, usque 1:5 em. long., densifloros
inferne ferentes, media parte cymulas abbreviatas circa 0'3 em. long. sustinentes.
Flores albi ; calyces rubri. Pedicelli sub floribus 0-1 cm. long. Alabastrum aperiens
0:45 em. long., vix 0°3 cm. lat. Calyx vix 0:15 cm. long. Petala oblonga obtusa,
05 cm. long. Tubus stamineus 0-4 cm. long., basi 0:32 em. lat. Antherse oblongee
0:08 cm. long. Ovarium paullo ultra 0.1 cm. long., 0°15 cm. lat. Stylus 0°16 em.
long. minute puberulus. Stigma brevissime exsertum. Capsula ignota.
Cum G. spiciflorá, A. Juss., componenda, distinctissima vero ob foliola opposita (nee
alternantia), flores minores, alabastra abbreviata, etc. [Bras. Or.]
CHAILLETIACEZ.
TAPURA AMAZONICA, Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 41, var. CILIATA, Baill.
Hab, Fructificat ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 411.) [Bras Or, Amazonia,
Guiana. | :
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 337
OLACIN EE.
HEISTERIA RUBRICALYX (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, glabra, caule erecto, ramoso, tereti, inter-
nodiis 1:0-6:0 em. long. (plerisque vero 15-30 cm.); foliis petiolatis, elongatis, lineari
lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, obtusis, siepe plus minus cuspidatis, basi eximie coarctatis,
margine leviter undulatis et saltem in sicco recurvis, coriaceis; pedicellis quam
petiolus brevioribus ae tenuioribus; alabastro puberulo, leviter pentagono; floribus
10-andris ; calycis lobis deltoideo-lanceolatis, acutiusculis ; calycis fructiferi distincte
5-lobati radio drup:e longitudinem superante, ejus lobis reflexis.
Hab. Yn fruticetis juxta Santa Cruz mens. Sept. flores et fructus gerit. (N. 292.)
Frutex altus (veram altitudinem haud observavi) ramosus, copiose foliatus. Caulis
spec. meorum ad 3:5 cm, crass., cortice pallide bruneo vix rimoso obtectus. Foli-
orum lamina ad 19°0 em. long. (plerumque vero 10:0-15:0 em.), medio 2:0-5:3 em.
lat., ima basi 02-0:3 cm. lat., nervus medius supra impressus, subtus prominens ;
costæ secundaris utrovis latere circa 12, primo rect vel fere rectee, dein furcatae
et sepe dichotom«e, supra sspe latere altero eminentes, altero inconspicuw vel
lateribus ambobus inconspicu:z, subtus magis prominule ; petiolus 1:0-1:7 cm. long.,
0:15-0:2 em. crass., alte caniculatus, et saltem in sicco leviter tortus. Pedunculi
sub fructu 0:7-1:0 em. long., 0'075 cm. crass., sub flore circa 0'1 cm. long., erecti.
Inflorescentiz basis tumida, plerumque 0:3-0:4 cm. diam. (raro in toto ambitu
caulis insidens). Calycis lobi circa 0:05 cm. long. Alabastra vix 0'2 em. long.,
0'l em. diam., oblongo-ovoidea. Calycis fructiferi rubri 1'8 em. diam. lobi in-
sequales, late ovato-rotundati, obtusi, 0:35-0:4 cm. long., 0:5-0:7 em. lat. Drupa 1:0
em. long., 0*6 em. diam., oblongo-ovoidea, apice brevissime apiculata; sarcocarpio
tenui, extus leete viridi, endocarpio fragili.
Juxta H. laxifloram, Engl., interponenda, cujus folia, calyces, et drupx plane dispares.
H. salicifolie, Engl, folia membranacea et drupe ovato-globosee modo 0'8 em. long.
( Bras. Or., Amazonia.]
XIMENIA AMERICANA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1193.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. florentem. (N. 458.)
XIMENIA AMERICANA, Linn., forma INERMIS.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Brit. Mus.). [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Ind.
Occ., Ind. Or. et Arch. |
CELASTRINEA.
HIPPOCRATEA OVATA, Lam. Illustr. i. p. 100. Forma foliis crenatis vel plus minus
crenulatis, usque ad 14:0 cm. long. et 5:5 em. lat., cymis laxifloris, floribus 0°5-
0:6 cm. diam., verisimiliter ad var. parvifloram, Peyr., referenda.
Hab. Viget juxta Corumbá et mens. Dec. floret. (N. 1016.) (Amer. Trop. ]
HiPPOCRATEA (sp. indet.); ramulis patentissimis, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve, nunc
oblongo-ovatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis, basi obtusis, crenatis, usque ad 15:0 em. long.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 2 Y
338 MR..SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
et 5°5 cm. lat. (sepe 120x40 cm., vel 80X40 cm.), firme coriaceis ; cos tis
secundariis circa 6 aperte arcuatis, demum margini undulatim parallelis; petiolis
crassiusculis, late canaliculatis, 0:8-1:0 cm. long. ; carpidiis lanceolato-obovatis, apice
truncato-emarginatis vel cuspidulatis, 4-5 cm. long., juxta basin 1:0 cm., superne 2:0
em. lat., seminibus in quoque carpidio 4 (an semper?) biseriatis; funiculo basi leviter
incrassato, late alato; ala 1:3-1:5 cm. lat. et 2:5-2:8 cm. long., ovato-oblongá, basi
rotundatá, striá longitudinali medio percursá, margine rhaphigero incrassato ; nucleo
1:5-17 cm. long., 0:5-0:8 em. lat., oblongo.
Hab. Verisimiliter Santa Cruz, sed, schedulá preetermissá, non sine dubio habitationem
dico. (N. 527.)
The arrangement of the species of this genus depends primarily upon floral characters,
and, inasmuch as I have no flowers, the position of this plant cannot be satisfactorily
determined.
SaALACIA (SPERITASSA) SIPUTA (sp. nov.) Ramosa, ramulis teretibus, ad nodos parum
tumidis, fusco-cinereis, glabris; foliis longipetiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, obtusis, plerisque
breviter cuspidatis, margine repando-undulatis, basi subrotundatis vel leviter co-
arctatis, nonnunquam aliquanto obliquis, coriaceo-chartaceis, glabris ; cymis patulis,
petiolos 13-4-plo excedentibus; bracteis minutis, quam pedicelli graciles sub flore
leviter ampliati brevioribus; floribus vix 0'5 em. diam. ; petalis oblongo-spathulatis,
obtusis, margine eroso-ciliolatis; antherarum connectivo loculos manifeste excedente;
disco cyathiformi ovarium subzquante plano, ovarii loculis 2-ovulatis; stylo levi
quam ovarium multo breviore, stigmate obscurissime trilobo, fructu ovoideo.
Hab. Ad ripasfll. Paraguay et dos Bugres prope Santa Cruz (Barra dos Bugres), menss.
Jul.-Oet. florens, et Sept.-Oct. fructum preebens. “ Siputá” sive “Cyputá” incolarum.
(N. 432.)
Arbor circa 12 (?) met. alt., rami sspe supra fluvium impendentes. Folia 9°0-14°0
em. long. medio 4°0-5°5 cm. lat.; coste secundarise utrinque 6-8, angulis latis
insertze, aperte arcuate, marginem versus dichotome et anastomosantes ; petioli 1:0—
1:5 em. long., in sicco longitudinaliter rugati. Cymæ usque ad circa 5*0 cm. diam.
Bracteze ovatee, acuminate, 0:1 em. long., glabre. Pedicelli plerique 0:3-0:5
em. long. Flores luteo-virescentes. Calycis lobi rotundati, vix 0'15 em. long.
Petala 0°3 cm. long. 0°15 cm. lat. Fructus maturus flavus, sapidus, 3:0-3:5
em. diam. Semina 2-4 in pulpá gratissimá inclusa.
Certe ad S. dulcem, Benth., spectat, ob folia vero firmiora, longius petiolata, basi haud
cuneata, cymas laxiores, bracteas minutas, flores majores, discum haud plicatum, etc.,
speciem propriam esse arbitror.
Of the fruit of this tree, which is greatly esteemed at Santa Cruz, the edible portion
consists of a small quantity of luscious substance closely investing the 2—4 large seeds.
I was fortunate in finding flowers, as, for some time, fruits only were to be seen, and I
had been told that it was useless to expect flowers in September. However, one day in
‘October I came upon a tree bearing both flowers and fruit, greatly to the surprise of an
intelligent Santa-Cruzan who, with others, had declared the flowering season to have
passed. {Amazonia. | |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 339
RHAMNACEZ.
ZIZYPHUS OBLONGIFOLIUS (sp. nov.) Abundanter ramosa, ramis teretibus, plus minus
sinuatis, sat crassis, crebre lenticelliferis, puberulis, mox glabris, spinis mediocribus
rectis; foliis petiolatis, oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, obtusis, basi coarctatis, apice
calvis vel mucronulatis, impariter serratis vel serrulatis, nonnunquam crenulatis
vel modo undulatis, basi, prsesertim inter nervos, breviter plus minus arcte pilosis,
juvenilibus puberulis; cymis pubescentibus, quam folia brevioribus, plurifloris,
axillaribus vel terminalibus; calycis pubescentis segmentis ovatis obtusis, petalis
reflexis; ovario biloculari, stylo 2-fido.
Hab. Reperi ad viam inter Corumbá et Ladario, ubi mens. Jan. flores et fructus
praebet. (N. 1029.)
Frutex circa 2 met. alt. Ramuli vix ad 0:5 em. crass., grisei, patuli. Spine plereque
U:5-1:0 em. long., basi 0-1-0:2 cm. crass., teretes, acutatee. Foliorum lamina 3°5-
60 em. long., 1:0-25 cm, lat. trinervia, in sicco utrinque virentes, subtus vero
paullo pallidior; petioli 0:4-0'6 cm. long., 0°05-vix 0°1 em. crass., canaliculati,
plani, pubescentes, in sicco pallide brunei. Cyme pubescentes, plereque 0'5-1:0
em. long., congestee, plerumque circa 0'8-1:0 cm. diam. Pedicelli 0:3 em. long.,
sub fructu incrassati (vix 0'2 cm. crass.) et paullo elongati. Flores lutescenti-
virides, 0'4 cm. diam. Calycis segmenta vix 0:2 cm. long., 0:17 em. lat., facie
superiori manifeste carinata. Petala spathulata, calycis lobos haud excedentia.
Stamina calyce breviora (0:13 cm. long.) Discus margine undulatus. Ovarium
ovoideum, pubescens, stylo crasso brevi coronatum. Drupa immatura ovoidea,
1:3 em. long., 1:0 em. lat., viridis..
Species distinctissima, cum nullà Brasiliensi hucusque cognitá comparanda; proxime
accedit ad Z. Mistol, Griseb., plantam Argentinam, cujus folia diversa, spinze majores, etc.
Extremely close to this, if not conspecific with it, is a plant of Balansa's (no. 2436),
collected at Concepcion, in Northern Paraguay, and described as a shrub 2-3 metres
high, with fleshy brown fruit; but, seeing that Balansa's specimen is without flowers,
the question as to specific identity cannot be answered. There is also in the Herbarium
at Kew a small specimen, gathered by Tweedie at Buenos Aires, which, on superficial
examination, closely resembles the Matto Grosso plant, but of which I can find no
description. [Argentina.]
RHAMNIDIUM ELAOCARPUM, Reiss in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii. pars i. p. 94 (ex icon. et descript.).
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, et in ripà fl. Paraguay in vicinià. (Nn. 536, 631.)
[Bras. Or. ?]
AMPELIDA.
Vrris EROsA, Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars ii. p. 210.
Hab. In ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras frequens. (N. 497.)
(Amer. Trop. ]
Vitis (sp. indet.). Specimen mancum, caule sarmentoso, cirrhifero, suberoso, arcte cervino-
cirrho elongato tomentello, apice dichotome fisso, 12°0 cm. long.; foliis
toso, l
Somen daga
340 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ternatim compositis, brevipetiolatis ; foliolis ovatis, obtusiusculis, basi obliquis et late
rotundatis, margine impariter serrulato-dentatis vel serrulatis, chartaceis, supra,
nervis tomentellis exclusis, appresse puberulis, subtus cervino-tomentosis, 5:0-8:5 cm.
long., 39:5—5:0 cm. lat.; costis secundariis 6-8 erecto-ascendentibus, leviter arcuatis
paribus duobus infimis venuligeris ; cymis oppositifoliis, longipedunculatis, pedunculo
folia saltem 1-plo excedente; inflorescentise ramulis una cum pedunculo cervino-
tomentosis, basi glanduliferis ; pedicellis tomentosis, plerisque alabastra duplo
excedentibus ; floribus 4-meris, calycis lobis deltoideis obtusis, petalis lanceolato-
oblongis acutiusculis 0:2 em. long. ; staminibus petala semisequantibus ; ovario disco
admodum incrassato immerso ; baccis ignotis.
Hab. Crescit forsitan ad Corumbá vel ad Santa Cruz, sed, ob schedulam preetermissam,
habitationem indicare nequeo.
Probably a new species near Vitis albida, Baker, which I do not feel justified in
describing, the specimen being so poor and without fruit.
SAPINDACE.E.
SERJANIA OBTUSIDENTATA, Radlk. Monog. Serj. p. 233.
Hab. Floret ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. (N.31.) [Bras. Or.)
SERJANIA HEBECARPA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 192.
Hab. Schedulá preetermissá, planta incertee habitationis, forsan ad Santa Cruz lecta.
[Bras. Or.]
SERJANIA PERULACEA, Radlk. Monog. Serj. p. 227.
Hab. Crescit in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada, necnon ad Jangada; menss. Aug. et
Sept. floret et fructificat. (Nn. 75, 267.)
The Jangada specimen has samaras agreeing well with the description of Radlkofer;
those from the Serrada Chapada are usually larger, and may almost attain a length of
three centimetres, with a width at the loculi of one centimetre. Some of the samaras,
however, are typical in respect of size. [Bras. Or., Bolivia, Paraguaria, Argentina ?]
PAULLINIA ELEGANS, Cambess. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. i. p. 370.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz et in vicinia floret mens. Nov. (Nn. 521, 629.) [Bras. Or.
Paraguaria, Argentina. |
PAULLINIA ANGUSTA, N. E. Br. [in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. xx. (1894) 49].
Hab. Ad Puerto Pacheco fructificabat mens. Feb. (N. 1063.) [Paraguaria.]
ALLOPHYLLUS EDULIS, Radlk. MSS. (Schmidelia edulis, A. St.-Hil., PL U.S. sub tab. 67.)
Hab. Crescit in sylvulis ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Sept. ; ad Corumbá fructus
coccineos ostendit mens Jan. (Nn. 313, 973.) [Bras. Or.]
A third specimen (no. 449), common in the forest between Santa Cruz and Tapira-
puan, but found in fruit only, Professor Radlkofer, to whom I sent a sketch, thinks
may also belong to this species. The fruits are considerably smaller than those of
A. edulis, and yellow in colour.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 341
ALLOPHYLLUS SEMIDENTATUS, Radlk. MSS. (Schmidelia semidentata, Miq. in Linnea,
xxii. (1849), p. 798.)
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino mens. Oct.
florentem. (N. 616.) [Bras. Or.]
Professor Radlkofer was good enough to determine my specimens of this puzzling genus.
THINOUIA SEPTUM (sp. nov.) Scandens, ramulis gracilibus, teretibus, puberulis, mox
glabris ; foliis longipetiolatis, ternatis ; foliolis petiolulatis, ovatis, obtusis, mucronatis,
basi late truncato-cordatis, margine crenato-lobulatis, tenuiter membranaceis, cito
utrinque glabris vel fere glabris; eymulis longiuseule peduneulatis, solitariis vel
racemosis, plurifloris, globosis, nune cirrho unico, nune cirrhis binis onustis, nunc
ecirrhosis ; sepalis oblongis, ciliolatis; petalis pugioniformibus, sepala excedentibus ;
staminibus 6-8, exsertis; disco hypogyno integro; carpellorum alis erectis ad
columellam centralem affixis; fructus immaturi loculo ovoideo.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. floret. (Nn. 943, 1076.)
Ramuli 0:2-0:3 cm. diam., in sicco pallidi, crebre striatuli, lenticillis parvis elevatis
muniti. Petioli patuli, graciles, 3:0-5:0 em. long. (superiores vero breviores),
obsolete puberuli. Foliola in sicco viridia, pleraque 4'0-6:0 cm. long., et 3:0-6:0
cm. lat., fol terminale reverá quam lateralia longius et eximie latius; costie
secundarize utrinque 4-5, ascendentes, primo recte, dein leviter arcuate, sspe
in dentem brevem desinentes ; fol. lateralium petioluli patuli, circa 0°5 cm. long.,
fol. terminalis petiolulus 1:0-1'5 cm. long., superne anguste alatus. Pedunculi
cymarum solitariarum seepe 4°0 vel 5°0 em. attingentes, cymularum racemosarum
+2:0 em. long., minute puberuli, graciles. Cymule 1:0 cm. diam., si racemosim
dispositee pedunculis (neque ultra 0'8 em. long.) insidentes. Flores albi. Pedicelli
puberuli, usque ad 0:2 cm. long. Sepala 0°08 cm. long. Petala 0°1 cm. long.,
longiuscule pilosa. Filamenta inferne pilosa, superne sensim attenuata et glabra,
0:17 cm. long.; antherz ovato-oblonge, pilose. Fructus nondum maturus stipite
0:6 em. long. insidens, oblyratus, apice retusus, minute puberulus, usque ad
1:4 cm. long., sursum 0'8 cm. lat., ejus loculus 0:6 cm. long. 0:5 em. lat.
Non dubito quin affinis sit 7. paraguensi (Thouinie paraguensi, Britton, in Ann.
N. York Acad. Sc. vii. (1893) p. 75; Balansa 2486, 2486 a, et 2488 in Herb. Kew.), abs
quá reverà primo obtutu cognoscenda, inter alia, foliolis disparibus, membranaceis, nec
subtus molliter pubescentibus.
While agreeing with Radlkofer that the nature of its inflorescence and fruit justifies
the separation of Thinowia from Thouinia, 1 cannot but regret that the former name
should be used in preference to Karsten's Carpidiopteryr, published at the same time
as Thinowia, and free from the objection of being a mere anagram, and, moreover, a
puzzling one. As, however, Radlkofer adheres to Thinouta in the recently published first
part of the Sapindaceze of Von Martius's * Flora Brasiliensis, there seems to be no
option but to follow his lead. [Paraguaria.]
MATAYBA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 331.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores albos preebet mens. Dec. (N. 765.) [Bras. Or., Guiana,
Amazonia. |
34.2 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ANACARDIACEA.
[ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 383, in provinciá seepe colitur.
Ad Serra da Chapada et alibi seepe vidi hujus generis speciem nanam, floriferam, rarius
fructificantem, verisimiliter ad 4. pumilum, A. St.-Hil., relegandam.
By some oversight I omitted to dry specimens of this curious little Cashew. ]
SPONDIAS LUTEA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. p. 613.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz fructus immaturos præbet mens. Dec. Cajá incolarum.
(N. 802.)
The people at Santa Cruz mash the ripe fruit and make a pleasant drink of the
juice with sugar, and according tọ Miers (‘ Woods of Brazil,’ MSS. in Herb. Brit. Mus.)
the same course is pursued in Eastern Brazil. Miers notes that the fruit is intensely
sour. [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ., Afr. Occ. Trop., Ind. Arch. |
TAPIRIRA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 470.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi menss. Oct.-Dec. floret. (Nn. 466, 468, 764.)
[Amer. Austr. Trop. |
CONNARACE.
RovnEA Dontana, Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars ii. p. 179 (ex descript.).
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. floret et fructificat. (N. 291.)
Floresalbi. Capsulze oblongo-cylindrace:e, breviter apiculatee, vivee coccines, 1:0-1:25
em. long., 0°4 cm. diam. [Amazonia. |
CONNARUS FULVUS, Planch. in Linnea, xxiii. p. 494.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (N. 150.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
LEGUMINOS &.
CROTALARIA ANAGYROIDES, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 404.
Hab. Reperi ad Coimbra mens. Feb. florentem. (N. 1065.) [Amer. Austr. Trop. ]
TEPHROSIA BREVIPES, Benth. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. p. 432.
Hab. Floret ad Coimbra mens. Feb. (N. 1075.)
The flower varies in colour, Schomburgk describing it as blue, and Weddell as yellow ;
at Coimbra it was dark purple. [Bras. Or., Peruvia, Guiana, Trinidad.]
TEPHROSIA ADUNCA, Benth. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. p. 432.
Hab. Schedulá preetermissá, locus natalis incertus. [Bras. Or, Goyaz, Guiana,
Paraguaria, Uruguaria. |
SESBANIA MARGINATA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars i. p. 43.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi flores preebet mens. Jan. (N. 1040.) [Uruguaria,
Paraguaria. ]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92.. 343
SESBANIA ?, sp. nov. Herbacea, foliis elongatis petiolatis, paripinnatis, foliolis 8-9-jugis
brevissime petiolulatis, oblongo-oblanceolatis, obtusissimis, basi obtusis, 2:0-3:5 cm.
long., 0:8-1:2 em. lat., una cum rhachi piloso-pubescentibus; racemis quam folia
brevioribus, paucifloris, pubescentibus; floribus albis; calycis pubescentis lobis
triangularibus, longe acuminatis; vexillo late obovato, apice emarginato, alas
oblongas et carinam obtusam paullo superante; fructu ignoto.
Hab. Ad Coimbra floret mens. Feb. (N. 1068.)
JESCHYNOMENE SENSITIVA, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1256.
Hab. In paludosis inter Corumbá et Dorados floret mens. Jan, (N. 1005.) [Amer.
Trop., Ind. Occ., Afr. Trop., Madagascaria. ]
JESCHYNOMENE HISPIDA, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1163.
Hab. Legi prope Corumbá mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 914. [Amer. Trop. et
Subtrop.]
JESCHYNOMENE OROBOIDES, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars i. p. 64.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (N.194.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
Rhizoma crassum, leviter nodulosum, 0:7 em. diam., in sicco fusco-bruneum,
DiscoLOBIUM PULCHELLUM, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars i. p. 73, var. MAJOR,
S. Moore.
A typo divergens foliis longioribus usque ad 10-jugis, foliolis longiuscule petiolulatis
(petiolulis fere 0:3 cm. long.), ad 4°0 cm. long., medio 1:1 cm. lat., pedunculis 1:0 em.
long., floribus 2:0 em. long.
Hab. Schedulá preetermissá, habitationem indicare nequeo: forsitan Coimbrá, nisi
Puerto Pachieco. [Bras. Or., Paraguaria.]
STYLOSANTHES viscosa, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1285.
Hab. Crescit ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. florens. (N. 25.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
ZORNIA DIPHYLLA, Pers. Syn. ii. p. 318, var. GRACILIS, Benth.
Hab. Ad Santa Anna da Chapada legi mens. Aug. (N. 132) [In tropicis et
subtropicis late disseminata.]
DESMODIUM INCANUM, DC. Prod. ii. p. 382.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz. (Nn. 421, 453.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ. ]
DzsMODIUM AXILLARE, DC. Prod. ii. p. 333.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primsevà prope Santa Cruz.
Occ. |
DESMODIUM PLATYCARPUM, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars i. p. 100.
Hab. Legi inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florentem. (Nn. 20, 64.)
Rhizoma maxime. incrassatum; nodulosum, interdum usque 2*0 cm. diam. dilatatum,
(N. 343.) [Amer. Trop., Ind.
in sicco fusco-purpureum. [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
344 MR, SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
CENTROSEMA VEXILLATUM, Benth. in Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. (1839) p. 435.
. Hab. Reperi in loco paludoso juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 968.)
[ Amazonia, Guiana. ]
TERAMNUS VOLUBILIS, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. iii. p. 1241.
Hab. Crescit prope Corumbá necnon ad Coimbra. (Nn. 1010, 1073.) [Amazonia,
Nov. Granat., Amer. Centr., Ind. Occ. |
GALACTIA GLAUCESCENS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 431.
Hab. Flores purpureos preebet ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (N. 651.) [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Columbia. |
GALACTIA RUGOSA, S. Moore. (Collea rugosa, Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus. ii. (1838)
p. 128.)
Hab. Ad Jangada floret mens. Sept. (N. 268.) [Goyaz.]
GALACTIA ($ EUGALACTIA) WurrEHORNII, S. Moore. Volubilis, glabriuscula, foliolis 3
(f. terminali paullo majoré et petiolato) lanceolatis, apice mucronatis, basi angustatis,
membranaceo-coriaceis, puberulis, paginà superiore pallide nitentibus, inferiore
eximie nervoso-reticulatis; pedunculis axillaribus, quam folia longioribus, erectis ;
pedicellis brevibus, sericeo-tomentosis ; calycis pubescentis laciniis elongatis ; corolla
calycem duplo excedente ; stamine vexillari omnino libero ; ovario sericeo-tomentoso.
Hab. In angustiis ad Serra da Chapada alt. cire. 300 met. floret mens. Aug.
(N. 200.)
Caulis gracilis, teres, in sicco ravus. Stipulee subulatee, 0:2 cm. long.; foliola usque
ad 87 cm. long. et 3:1 cm. lat.; costa media subtus eminens; costee secundarize
utrovis latere 9-10, 2 infimz approximate, oblique. insertee, levissime arcuate,
deinde margini undulatim parallelee, subtus prominulz; venule laxe reticulate,
subtus eminentes, pulvinuli pubescentes, fusco-rufi; folioli terminalis petiolulus ad
1:5 cm. long.; foliola lat. omnino sessilia. Pedunculi ad 15:0 em. long., teretes,
puberuli, demum fere glabri; pedicelli albide pubescentes, mox puberuli, ad 0:5
cm. long. Bractes firmo, ovate, acutiusculz, striate, obtuse carinate, puberul:e,
0:2 cm. long. Flores purpurei. Calycis tubus 0°7 cm. long., longitudinaliter
nervosus ; lacinise longiores 0'8 em. long., laterales 0'6 em. long.; lacinia antica
anguste lineari-oblonga acuta, lacinise laterales quam lac. anticam latius lineares
et fere glabre. Vexillum oblongo-spathulatum, basin versus margine recurvum,
9'0 em. long.; alæ lineares, breviter 1-auriculate, 27 cm. long.; carina recta,
alas paullo excedens. Ovarium sessile.
Species nulli affinis ; flores prebet eos G. rugose in mentem revocantes, sed, preter-
quam filamentum vexillare omnino liberum, foliis prorsus diversis gaudet.
DIOCLEA LASIOCARPA, Mart. ex Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus, ii. p. 133.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fi. Cuyabá prope Melgago, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 7.)
[Amer. Austr. Trop.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 345
PHASEOLUS APPENDICULATUS, Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus. ii. p. 137.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (N. 203.) [ Bras. Or.]
PHASEOLUS LASIOCARPUS, Mart. ex Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus. ii. p. 140.
Hab. Crescit in paludibus prope Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens. (N. 1001. [Bras
Or. (?), Amazonia, Guiana. |
RHYNCHOSIA PHASEOLOIDES, DC. Prod. ii. p. 385.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada prope pagum Santa Anna da Chapada. (N. 126.)
Caulis e rhizomate admodum incrassato, leviter tortuoso, usque 1:5 cm. diam. assurgens.
[ Amer. Trop. |
ERIOSEMA SIMPLICIFOLIUM, Walp. Rep. ii. p. 902.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 593.) (Bras. Or, Amazonia, Guiana,
Columbia. |
PLATYPODIUM ELEGANS, Vog. in Linnea, xi. p. 422.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Paraguay prope Tres Barras. (N. 492.) [Bras. Or,
Goyaz, Bolivia. |
PTEROCARPUS Romnrir, Vahl, Symb. ii. p. 79.
Hab. Ad Corumbá reperi mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 942.) [Goyaz, Amazonia,
Guiana, Venezuela. |
PLATYMISCIUM FLORIBUNDUM, Vog. in Linneea, xi. p. 199.
Hab. Ad Jangada floret mens. Sept. (N. 271.)
Arbuscula circa 4-metralis, trunco gracili, crebre ramoso. Folia pallide virentia.
Flores aurantiaci. [ Bras. Or. |
. GEOFFR2ZA, sp. indet., ex affinitate GŒ. superbe, H. B. K.
Hab. Crescit in ripa fl. Paraguay juxta montem Pao d’Assucar dictum, mens. Feb.
fructus vix maturos ferens. (N. 1043.) (Bras. Or., Peruvia, Venezuela. |
BowDIcHIA VIRGILIOIDES, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 376, var. FERRUGINEA, Bth.
Hab. Circum Cuyabá sat frequens, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 26.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela. |
CASALPINIA TAUBERTIANA (sp. nov.). Arborea, inermis; foliis brevipetiolatis, nunc
impari- nune paripinnatis, S-10-jugis; foliolis parvis 20-28, raro usque ad 16
reduetis, szepius alternis, ovato-oblongis, basi maxime obliquis, coriaceis, utrinque
reticulato-venosis; floribus parvis paniculatis, paniculis quam folia brevioribus
floribundis, calycis lobis imbricatis, staminibus quam petala paullulum brevioribus.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. floret. (N. 1037.)
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 27
346 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Arbuscula. Ramuli subteretes, mox glabri, cortice brunescente vel erubescente, pallide
nitido, lenticellis parvis albidis abunde obsito tecti. Foliorum rhachis cum petiolo
10:0-13:0 em. long. (foliorum summorum vero usque ad 80 cm. miniata), basi
eximie pulvinata, arcte tomentosa; petioluli communes 4'0-6'0 cm. long., pulvinu-
lati, pubescentes. Foliola 07-1:0 em. long., summum usque ad 0:5 cm. lat., apice
obtusissima, supra pallide nitidula, subtus aliquatenus decoloria, margine ciliata,
ceteroquin (interdum obsolete) piloso-puberula. Stipule caducissime. Panicule
8:0-9"0 cm. long. anguste thyrsoidewe, ferrugineo-tomentose ; ramuli erecti vel
ascendentes, tomentosi, glandulis parvis obsiti. Pedunculi erecti, rigidi, ipso sub
flore articulati, ferrugineo-tomentosi, nunc ultra l:0 cm. long. nune usque ad
0'5 em. abbreviati. Bracteze lanceolatee, 0:15 cm. long., longe ante floritionem
evanide. Calycis ferrugineo-tomentosi tubus amplus, lobis brevior, lobus infimus
elongatus, ovato-oblongus, obtusissimus, 0:7 cm. long. 0°45 cm. lat., lobi reliqui
ovati, acuti, 0:55 cm. long. Petala lutea, 1:2-1:4 cm. long., obovata, unguibus
latis tomentoso-villosis insidentia, glandulis paucis immersis instructa. Fila-
menta crassiuscula, complanata, 1:0-1:15 em. long., sursum attenuata, basi villosa,
tomentosa, glandulis stipitatis sparsis prorsus plus minus munita ; anther oblong:e,
0:2 em. long. Ovarium lineari-oblongum, tomentellum, 0:3 cm. long., in stylum
pubescentem, apice glabrum, 1:0 cm. long. desinens. Stigma parvum, clavellatum.
Legumen haud obvium.
Species juxta Cesalpiniam microphyllam, Benth., interponenda, cujus ramuli glan-
dulosi, folia et foliola minora (hæc itaque pauciora), inflorescentia racemosa glanduloso-
tomentosa, calyx dispar, etc. C. peltophoroides, Benth., inflorescentiá racemosá, foliorum
rhachi abbreviatà, foliolis membranaceis evenosis gaudet.
Dr. Taubert kindly examined a specimen of this plant for me.
CASALPINIA GILLIESII, Wall. ex Hook. Bot. Misc. i. p. 129.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Argentina.]
[CHSALPINIA PULCHERRIMA, Sw. Obs. Bot. p. 166.
Hab. Ad Corumbá colitur.
I did not press specimens of this common plant.]
CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 377.
Hab. Frequens ad Corumbá, Coimbrá, et alibi in provincià. (N. 967 a.) [In tropicis
late disseminata.]
CassrA Tora, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 376.
Hab. Reperi ad Corumbá. (N. 968«.) (Frequens in regionibus tropicis. ]
CASSIA PILIFERA, Vog. Syn. Gen. Cass. p. 23, var. SUBGLABRA, S. Moore; caule fere
omnino glabro pilis brevibus sparsissime induto, foliolis oblongis quam ea typi
angustioribus, floribus minoribus. An species propria inter C. piliferam et C. Tora,
medium tenens ?
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 347
Hab. In paludibus ad Carandajinho juxta Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (N. 919.)
[ Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia, Amer. Centr.]
CASSIA VELUTINA, Vog. Syn. Cass. p. 24.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Bras. Or.]
CASSIA DYSOPHYLLA, Benth. in. Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars ii. p. 117.
Hab. Frutex fere orgyalis fructificat ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. (N. 36.) [Goyaz.]
CASSIA ALATA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 378.
Hab. Crescit in paludosis ad Corumbá, ubi floret mens. Jan. (N. 967.) [In tropicis
vulgatissima. |
CASSIA ACULEATA, Pohl, ex Bth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars ii. p. 127.
Hab. Viget in paludibus ad Carandajinho mens. Jan. florens. (N. 907.) [Bras.
Or., Goyaz.]
BAUHINIA OBTUSATA, Vog. in Linneea, xiii. 1839, p. 305.
Hab. Circum Cuyabá sat frequens, itaque ad Santa Cruz. (N. 21.)
My Santa Cruz specimens were lost, but I feel sure that the plant occurs at that
place. [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
BAUHINIA MICROPHYLLA, Vog. in Linnea, xiii. 1839, p. 301.
Hab. Juxta montem Pao d'Assucar flores virides prebet mens. Feb. (N. 1082.)
[Bras. Or., Cuba. ]
BAUHINIA HETERANDRA, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars ii. p. 196.
Frutex orgyalis; flores virides ad Corumbá mens. Jan. fert. (N. 952). [Bras.
Or., Goyaz. |
BAUHINIA ($ PAULETIA) VESPERTILIO (sp. nov.).. Sparsim debiliterque aculeolata, caule
ascendente, subtereti, tomentoso-hirsuto, deinde glabro vel fere glabro et cinereo;
stipulis setaceis, hirsutis, quam petiolus brevis dense hirsuto-tomentosus brevi-
oribus; foliis coriaceo-membranaceis, quadrangulari-ovato-cordatis, breviter bilobis,
9-11-nerviis, supra glabris, subnitentibus, eminenter reticulato-venosis, subtus, præ-
cipue secus nervos, crebre hirsutis, margine ciliatis, lobis late triangulari-deltoideis,
obtusis vel obtusissimis ; alabastris elongatis anguste clavatis, obtusis, apice breviter
5-setosis ; petalis lineari-spathulatis, obtusis ; antheris omnibus subzquilongis, linea-
ribus; ovario longe stipitato, tomentoso; stylo crasso, stigmate dilatato, legumine
stipitato hirsuto-tomentoso.
Hab. Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florescens. (N. 587.) |
Frutex gracilis, ad 2:5 met. alt., sparsim ramosa; aculei 1:0 mm. long., brunei.
Folia ad 7:0 cm. long., medio ad 9:0 em. lat.; lobi ad 2:3 cm. long. Pedicelli
solitarii vel gemini, hirsuti, 2:4-4'0 cm. long, demum recurvi. Bractee et
222
348
MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY.
bracteole setaceze, 0:5-1:0 cm. long., hirsute. Calycis hirsuto-tomentosi tubus
longitudinaliter striatus, circa 15 cm. long., 0°7 cm. lat.; lacinie spathulato-
lineares, circa 3:0 em. long. Petala obtusa, margine crispata, glabra, alba.
Filamenta imá basi connata, glabra. Stylus calycis laciniis brevior, glaber.
Legumen (haud maturum) 11:0 em. long., basi angustatum, sub apice attenuatum.
Proxime accedit ad Bauhiniam mollem, Walp., discedit vero indumento, foliis diversi-
formibus, alabastris apice 5-setosis, necnon punctis aliis. [Goyaz. |
BAUHINIA ($ PAULETIA) CORUMBENSIS, (sp. nov.) Aculeata, ramosa, caule subtereti
longitudinaliter striatulo, glabrato; stipulis parvis, setiformibus; foliis membranaceis,
ovate cordato-rotundatis, breviter bilobis, 9 -11-nervis, supra glabris, subtus appresse
pubescentibus puberulisve, in sicco fere concoloribus, eximie reticulato-nervosis,
lobis rotundatis, obtusissimis ; alabastris mediocribus, oblongis, basi angustatis, juxta
medium attenuatis, apice obtusis et integris vel brevissime 5-apiculatis; petalis
linearibus, obtusis ; antheris subzequalibus; ovario longe stipitato, tomentoso ; stylo
superne incrassato, stigmate dilatato ; legumine stipitato, bas: angustato, appresse
sericeo-tomentello.
Hab. Juxta Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens et fructum gerens. (N. 1039.)
Frutex ramosus ; aculei recti vel paullo recurvi, 0:3 em., ramulorum ultimorum 0:15 em.
long. Foliorum lamina ad 3:5 em. long., medio ad 5:0 cm. lat. nervo medio calvo
vel apieulo debili ad 0'3 cm. long. coronato; lobi ad 1:2 cm. longi.; petiolus ad
2:0 em. long., demum glaber. Stipulee ad[0:3 em. long. Pedicelli ad 1:5 em. long.,
tomentelli demum glabri. Bractewe et bracteolze setacesze, 0:25 cm. long. Calycis
tomentelli tubus ventricosus, in sicco longitudinaliter striatus, 1:2 cm. long., 07
em. lat.; laeiniw lineares, acutiuscule, margine crispatee, circiter 3:0 cm. long.
et 025 cm. lat. Petala anguste spathulata, ut opinor alba. Filamenta basi
connata, puberula. Stylus ovarium subzequans, vix omnino glaber; ovula ad 23.
Legumen usque ad 17:5 cm. long., 1:0-1:3 cm. lat., obtusiusculum, ipso sub apice
rostratim constrietum.
Accedit ad B. brevilobam, Benth., sed ob spinas rectas vel paullo recurvas, formam
diversam loborum foliorum minorum, alabastra breviora latiora, necnon petala
angustiora, preeter alias notas, optime distincta. (Bras. Or.]
BAUHINIA RUBIGINOSA, Bong. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. sér. VI., iv. (1836), p. 112.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Sept. (N. 363.)
Forma foliolis discretis. (Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana, Amazonia. |
BAUHINIA CUMANENSIS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 321.
Hab. Frequens circum Cuyabá, ubi floret mens. Aug.; ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov.
fructificat. (Nn. 32, 592.) [Goyaz, Guiana, Columbia. ]
COPAIFERA ELLIPTICA, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 127.
Hab. Ad Cuyabá fructificat mens. Aug. (N. 27), itaque sine loci indicatione Leeson in
Brit. Mus. [Matto Grosso. |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 349
PROSOPIS RUSCIFOLIA, Griseb. Pl. Lorentz. p. 82.
Hab. Legiad Puerto Pacheco et floribus et fructibus orbam. (N. 10532.). [Paraguaria,
Argentina. |
Acacta FAnNESIANA, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 1083.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson in Herb. Brit. Mus.). [Late diffusa.]
Mimosa VELLOZIANA, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 185. Forma parva, «gre semimetralis,
spinis minutis, foliolis angustis. Vix, me judice, species propria.
Hab. Ad Jangada floret mens. Sept. (N. 252.) | Bras. Or., Columbia, Amer. Centr.].
Mimosa ($ EUMIMOSA PECTINATA) PACHECENSIS ( sp.nov.). Suffruticosa, caule pubescente,
deinde glabra, aculeis parvis infrastipularibus sspe ternis, pinnis unijugis, foliolis
18-20-jugis anguste lineari-oblongis, obliquis, obtusis vel breviter apiculatis, margine
passim setuloso-serratulis, subtus (in sieco) pallidioribus et pilis strigosis appressis
sparsim obtectis, rhachide pubescente; peduneulis axillaribus, capitulis globosis ;
floribus 4-meris 4-andris; legumine inchoato lineari marginibus setis munito,
valvis spinuloso-hispidulis.
Hab. In campis prope Puerto Pacheco, inter Asuncion et Corumbá. (N. 1058.)
Caulis ramosus, cortice fusco. Spine rect, bilateraliter compress, pallide fulv:e,
0:15-0:25 mm. long. Stipule firme, lineari-subulatee, acutee, pubescentes, margine
rigide ciliate, 0:15—0:2 cm long. Petioli circa 0'8 cm. long., appresse pubescentes ;
pulvinus minutus; stipelle subulate 0'1 cm. long.; foliola ad 0'5 em. long. et
0:15-0:2 cm. lat., foliolorum rhachis usque ad 4-0 cm. long. Capitulum 0'8 em.
diam. Corolla 0:2.em. long. obconica; petala obtusa, apice leviter incrassata.
Filamenta vix 0°5 cm. long. Legumen 2:0-2:2 em. long., 0:3 cm. lat.
M. polycarpe, Kunth, proxima, sed aculeis parvis szepe ternis, foliolis minimis paucius-
jugis, leguminis setis debilioribus ab eå clare dignoscenda. [Bras. Or., Goyaz., Bolivia,
Peruvia, Columbia.]
MIMOSA HEXANDRA, M. Micheli, Contrib. Fl. Paraguay, p. 91, var. TROPICA, S. Moore. A
typo distat spinis parvis, pedicellis gracilibus, ovario omnino glabro nec apice
piloso.
Hab. Suffrutex parvus diffusus; ad Puerto Pacheco mens. Feb. floret et fructus im-
maturos fert. (N.1078.) ([Paraguaria.]
MIMOSA CINEREA, Vell. Fl. Flum. xi. t. 35.
Hab. Floret ad Coimbrá mens. Feb. (N. 1072.) [Bras. Or, Goyaz, Uruguaria.)
CALLIANDRA CHAPADA (sp. nov.) Frutex, caule ascendente glabro, cortice bruneo-
cinereo; pinnis plerumque 7-jugis (3-8-jugis, rarissime 3-jugis); foliolis multijugis,
obliquis, oblongo-linearibus, acutis, nitidis; capitulis a pedunculis axillaribus vel
terminalibus crassis tomentosis quam folia brevioribus suffultis; floribus breviter
350 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
pedicellatis dense lanato-velutinis, corollá calycem amplum vix duplo excedente,
legumine (immaturo) recto, sublignoso, flavescenti, sericeo-velutino.
Hab. Serra da Chapada, circa 1800 ped. supra mare. Fl. Aug. (N. 160.)
Frutex prolixus ad 6 met. alt. Caulis subteres, longitudinaliter striatus. Stipulee firmee,
lanceolato-oblong:se, acute, glabratz, usque ad 0'7 cm. long. Petiolus communis
manifeste pulvinatus, 0:5-2:0 cm. long.; pinnze confertze, ad 6:0 em. long.; foliola ad
38-juga, subtus albida, foliorum majorum 0°7 cm. longa. Pedunculus 2:0-4-0 em. long.
Capitula plerumque 10-15-flora. Stipulæ lineares, scariosee, 0'3 cm. long. Pedicelli
0:3 em. long., crassi. Calyx 0:5 em. long., medio 0:4 cm. lat. ; lobi ovati, obtusi, 0:15
em. long. Corolla 0:9 em. long., extus plane sericeo-velutina. Staminum alborum
tubus 0:3 em. long., filamenta 4:5 cm. Legumen immaturum 4°5 cm. long.
Affinis Calliandre Tweediei, Benth., abs quà pinnis plurijugis, pedunculis neenon
pedicellis erassis tomentosis, floribus majoribus dense lanato-velutinis, staminibus albis
insigniter abhorret. [ Bras. Or.]
CALLIANDRA PARVIFLORA, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 112.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N.737.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Bolivia. |
PITHECOLOBIUM STIPULARE, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xv. pars ii. p. 450.
Hab. Crescit in sylvá primsevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, mens. Sept. florens.
(N. 395.) [Amazonia, Guiana. |
INGA NOBILIS, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1047.
Hab, Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, necnon ad ripas fl. Paraguay prope Tres Barras
(Nn. 69, 621.) [Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Peruvia, Columbia. |
Inca ($ PseUDINGA, PILOSIUSCULA) SANCTE-ANNA (sp. nov.). Rufo-pilosula, petiolo
alato, apice calvo (vulgo haud setifero), biglanduloso, glandulis crateriformibus sessili-
bus; foliolis bijugis, mediocribus, ovato-lanceolatis, cuspidatis vel acuminatis, basi
angustatis, utrinque(imprimis preeter nervummedium pagine inferioris)rufo-pilosulis,
membranaceo-coriaceis; floribus in racemis paucifloris, pedunculis foliolis brevioribus
suffultis digestis; pedicellis calycem longitudinaliter striatum obscure pilosiusculum
fere subzequantibus; corollà sericeo-villosá, quam calyx duplo longiore; staminum
tubo paullo exserto.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Santa Anna, ubi floret mens. Oct. (N. 611.)
Arbor cirea 25 (?) met. alt. Caulis obseure angulatus, cortice cinereo lenticellifero
obtectus. Foliorum rhachis ad 4-5 cm. long. ; alee 0:6-1:0 em. lat. jugum proximum
6:0-10'5. cm., jugum remotum 6:5-16:0 cm. long.; foliola subtus pallidiora ; coste
secundarim utrinque 10-14 (adjectis paucis secundi ordinis), oblique ascendentibus,
juxta marginem arcuatim et undulatim conjunctis, supra impressis, subtus eminen-
tibus. Pedunculi ad 5:5 em. long., rufo-pilosuli, leviter sulcati ; bracteze setacese vix
0:2 em. long.; pedicelli 0-4 cm. long., graciles. Flores lutei. Calyx 0'5 em. long.,
urceolatus. Corolle lobi triangulares, acuti, circiter 0:9 em. long. Filamenta
corollà duplo longiora, lutea. Legumen ignotum.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 351
Nobis videtur proxime accedere ad J. setiferam, DC., sed statim diversa adjudicari, preeter
alia (ex. gratia, petiolum vulgo calvum, foliola minora), ob pedicellos calycem pæne
subeequantes. [ Amazonia, Guiana, Ins. Trinitatis. ]
INGA EDULIS, Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 113.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Paraguay juxta Santa Cruz. (N. 508.) [ Amazonia, Guiana,
Columbia, Amer. Austr. |
ROSACEA.
MoqviLEA Turtuva, Hook. f. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars ii. p. 25.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (Nn. 564, 586.)
Frutex ramosus, trimetralis, inferne aphyllus. Flores albi. [Amazonia, Guiana,
Venezuela. |
HIRTELLA AMERICANA, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 247.
Hab, Crescit in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N.78.) [Amer.
Trop., Ind. Occ.]
HIRTELLA COLLINA (sp. nov.) Fruticosa, ramosa, ramulis copiose foliatis, teretibus,
hirtulo-pubescentibus dein glabris; foliis subsessibilis, nonnunquam subamplexi-
caulibus, lanceolatis, acutis vel breviter cuspidato-acuminatis, basi rotundatis, parum
attenuatis, firme coriaceis, subtus plerumque puberulis vel omnino glabris, eximie reti-
culate nervosis; paniculis racemiformibus, elongatis, pendulis, multifloris, plerumque
quam folia cirea duplo longioribus, hirtulo-pubescentibus; pedicellis hirtulo-pubes-
centibus, glandulis instructis; bracteis setaceis pedicellos subzequantibus; calycis
tubo urceolari limbo zequilongo; petalis calycis lobos subzequantibus; staminibus
(an semper ?) 7; stylo, stamina excedente, inferne sericeo.
Hab. Reperi in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florentem. (N. 141.)
Ramuli 0:2-0:3 em. diam., nunc fusci, nunc cinerei, nitidi, verruculis minimis preediti.
Folia 7:5-12:0 em. long., 27—40 cm. lat., firme coriacea; costee secundarise utrovis
latere circa 10, dein dichotom:e et arcuatim junctz, una cum costá medià utrinque,
presertim vero subtus, eminentes; venulæ laxe reticulate, utrinque prominulee ;
petioli ad 0:3 cm. long., hirtulo-pubescentes; stipulse setaceze, hirtulee, 0*4 cm. long.
Panieuli evoluti 14:0-26:0 cm. long., axillares vel terminales, tenues ; bracteze 0'3-
04cm. long. Pedicelli patuli, hirtuli, 0:25 em. long. uni- vel biglandulosi, si biglandu-
losi glandulà inferiore plerumque plus minus cassá, glandul:e usque 0:1 cm. long.
Flores circa 0:6 em. diam. Calycis hirtuli tubus vix 0:35 cm. long., juxta medium
0:2 cm. lat., basi usque 0-1 et sub limbo ad 0:15 em. contractus; lobi oblongi,
obtusi, margine membranacei. Petala, ut opinor alba, oblongo- vel anguste oblongo-
obovata, 0-15 cm. lat. Filamenta glaberrima, sursum angustata, paullulum ultra 1:0
em. attingentia. Ovarium anguste ovoideum, longe sericeum, 0'1 cm. long. Stylus
1:5 em. long., triente inferiore sericeus, ceteroquin glaberrimus. Drupam non vidi.
Stirps ab H. Burchellii, Britton, ita distinguenda :—
352 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hirtella collina. H. Burchelliz.
Folia non bullits, summum subamplexicaulia, Folia bullata, amplexicaulia, subtus plus minus
subtus plerumque puberula vel omnino glabra. hirsuta.
Ramuli et paniculæ hirtulo-pubescentes. Ramuli et paniculæ hirsutissimi,
Calyx extus hirtulus, intus pubescens. Calyx hirsutissimus, intus hirsutus.
Petala oblonga vel anguste obovato-oblonga, vix Petala obovato-oblonga, fere 0'4 cm. long. et 0°25
0:3 cm. long. et 0°15 cm. lat. cm. lat.
Filamenta filiformia, tandem vix ultra 1:0 cm. long. Filamenta crassiuscula, fere 15 cm. long.
Stylus inferne sericeus. Stylus inferne longe villosus.
Ante oculos habui specimen Bolivianum in Hb. Kew. conserv., a cl. Rusby (N. 1222)
lectum, quod cl. Britton (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xviii. p. 10) conspecificum cum planta
Burchellianá intuitur; ab illà vero ex mea sententiá certe abhorret, et forsan pro specie
tertià rite habendum paniculis hirsutissimis H. Burchellii et floribus parvis H. colline.
[Bras. Or., Bolivia. |
COMBRETACEÆ.
TERMINALIA FESTINATA (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, crebre ramosa, ramulis juvenilibus
appresse sericeo-pubescentibus, dein fere glabris ; foliis nondum evolutis parvis, petio-
latis, appresse sericeo-tomentosis, adultis verisimiliter ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis ;
floribus præcocibus in spicas abbreviatas densifloras ex axillis ramentorum parvorum
singillatim ortas dispositis ; bracteis ovarium excedentibus ; ovario subtrigono, fructu
ignoto.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Oct. (N. 450.)
Rami nudi, usque ad 0:4—0:5 cm. diam., cortice cinereo levissime striato, mox transverse
dirupto et evanido, interiorem cervinum proponente; ramuli teretes, 0:15-0:2 cm.
diam., erecto-ascendentes. Ramenta parva, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, longe
acuminata, dorso sericea, mox pubescentia, 0:2-0:3 cm. long. Pedunculi erecti,
graciles, appresse pubescentes, 1:0-2:0 cm. long. Spicæ 0:8-1:3 cm. long., circa 0°7
cm. diam., pleræque 15-24-floræ. Bracteæ lineari-subulatæ, appresse sericeæ, 0*2 cm.
long. Flores lutei. Calycis appresse piloso-pubescentis usque ad medium 5-partiti
lobi triangulares, acutiusculi, paullulum ultra 0-1 cm. long. Staminum antisepalorum
filamenta brevia, vix 0'2 cm. long., staminum alternisepalorum usque ad 0'3 cm.
long., filamenta omnia imá basi pilosiuscula, æstivatione involuta. Antheræ cordate.
Discus annulatus. Ovarium 0:12 cm. long., usque ad 0:05 em. lat., dense sericeum.
Stylus crassiusculus, 0'3 cm. long., dimidio inferiore sericeo-pilosus. |
. Species singularis, nulli mihi cognita affinis, habitu prsecocifloro 7. Riedlii, Eichl.,
in mentem revocat, abs quà attamen pluribus de signis affatim distat.
COMBRETUM SECUNDUM, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. Hist. p. 103.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Amer. Austr.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 353
MYRTACEÆ.
PsrpiuM ($ APERTIFLORÆ) INSULINCOLA (sp. nov.); ramulis peduneulisque hirsuto-
pubescentibus; foliis brevissime petiolatis, chartaceis, lanceolatis, obtusis vel
obtusiusculis, amplexicaulibus, preesertim ad nervum medium piloso-pubescentibus,
mox glabris, utrinque elevato-glandulosis, supra subnitentibus, reticulatim et arcuatim
nervosis; paniculá terminali pauciflorá, foliis hebetatis interjectis ; calyce quam pedi-
cellus longiore vel breviore, campanulato, aperto, sub:equaliter 5-lobo (rarius lobis
duobus, inseparatis inzequaliter 4-lobo), albido-tomentoso ; ovario 2-loculari; fructibus
pyriformibus tomentoso-pubescentibus, lobis calycinis persistentibus coronatis.
Hab. In insulis planis nacta fl. Paraguay tempore pluvioso inundatis inter Santa
Cruz et Diamantino, ubi fl. et fruct. gerit mens. Oct. (N. 624.)
Frutex erectus, diffusus, ramosus, usque biorgyalis. Folia per paria ineequalia vel
subzequalia, 4°0-10°0 em. long., medio vix 2:0-3:5 cm. lat., nonnunquam subfalci-
formia, basi parum obliqua, margine leviter undulata vel undulato-repanda ; costee
secundarise utrovis latere circa 12, pluribus tertii ordinis adjectis, aperte arcuate,
dein prope marginem szepe dichotom:e, ibique conjunctee, venulà unì cum costis
utrinque prominulà. Panicula foliis brevior; pedicelli 0:3-1:0 cm. long. Flores
subcongesti, circa 1:5 cm, diam., albi. Calycis lobi rotundati, 0°2-0°4 cm. long.,
0-4 cm. lat., intus pubescentes. Petala 1:0 cm. long., circa 07 em. lat., oblongo-
ovata, conspicue glandulosa. Filamenta vix 1:0 em. long.; torus stamineus hirsutus.
Ovarium circa 0:6 cm. long. et 0:3 em. crass., teres, albido-tomentosum ; stylus
incurvus, 0°9 cm. long., apicem versus sensim angustatus, glaber. Fructus usque
ad 3:2 cm. long. 1:5 cm. lat. (basi vix 0:3 em. lat.) pedicellis 0°5-0°6 em. long.
tomentoso-pubescentibus suffulti, raro sessiles.
Species P. paraensi, Berg, arcte affinis, ob folia vero angustiora, minus amplexicaulia,
ramulos hirsuto-pubescentes nec rufo-tomentosos, inflorescentiam laxiorem, flores pedicel-
latos, necnon ovarium biloculare (nec triloeulare) optime dignoscenda. [Amazonia. |
Psiprum ($ COSTATA) TRIPARTITUM (sp. nov.) Ramosa, ramulis crebro foliatis, subtere-
tibus, interdum compressiusculis, pubescentibus puberulisve, subinde glabris; foliis
parvis, breviter petiolatis, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, seepe cuspidatis, rarissime
oblanceolatis et retusis, raro ovatis et obtusis, nonnunquam breviter mucronulatis, basi
angustatis, interdum obliquis, tenuiter coriaceis, supra nitidis, subtus paullo decolori-
bus, imá basi puberulà exemptá glabris, elevato- et impellucido-punctatis; pedunculis
axillaribus solitariis, unifloris, puberulis; alabastris pyriformibus, sub calyce con-
strictis, glabris; ovario 3-locuiari glabro; calyce usque ad anthesin clauso demum
tripartito; baccá globosá, polyspermá.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret et fructificat mens. Jan. (N. 971.)
Arbuscula vel potius frutex, circiter trimetralis. Ramuli cinerei, plerique 0°2-0°3
em. diam., intervallis plerumque 1:0-2:0 em. foliigeri. Folia pleraque 3:0-40 cm.
long. (raro 4°5 cm. attingentia) 1:2-2:0 em. lat, margine leviter vel levissima
undulata, sepe revoluta; coste secundarie utrinque plerumque 6-8, rect, sub
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 93A
354 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
margine dichotome, ramis subinde margini parallelis arcuatim conjunctis; costa media
supra impressa, subtus admodum prominens; petioli plerique 0'4 cm. long., puberuli.
Pedunculi 1:0-1:2 cm. long., ascendentes, cito obsolete puberuli; alabastra obtusissima,
in toto 0°7 em. long., sursum 0'5 em. lat., sub calyce ad 0:3 cm. angustata. Flores
1:5 em. diam. Calycis lobi plerumque insequales, ovati, obtusissimi, utrinque glabri.
Petala 5, ovata, obtusissima, glabra, pellucido-punctata. Bacca sicca, paullo ultra
1:0 em. diam., ex schedis meis magnitudine pruni parvi. Semina hippocrepica, 04
em. diam. Embryo normalis.
Species distincta, cum nullà hujus sectionis componenda.
Pstp1um Aracu, Raddi, Opus. Sc. iv. p. 854.
Hab. Floret et fructificat ad Santa Cruz menss. Oct. et Nov., itaque ad Jangada floret
Sept. (Nn. 253, 770a.) [ Amer. Trop. |
Myrcta ($ AcuMINAT®) GOVINHA (sp. nov.); ramulis, foliorum novellorum petiolis, et
paginz inferioris nervo medio pubescenti-tomentosis, demum glabriusculis; foliis
breviter petiolatis, coriaceis, ovatis vel ovato-oblongis, cuspidatis, acuminatis, basi
leviter coarctatis, reticulato-nervosis, crebre pellucido-punctatis, in sieco virescentibus,
nequaquam decoloribus; paniculis ab axillis foliorum superiorum ortis vel subter-
minalibus, multifloris, maxime effusis, quam folia longioribus vel ea subzequantibus ;
germine 4-loculari, albo-sericeo ; sepalis subeequalibus, obtusis, puberulis.
Hab. Viget in nemorosis ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. Nom. vernac. Govinha.
(Nn. 784a, 184.)
Frutex elegans, ramosus. Caulis teres, cinereus; ramuli ultimi aliquanto compressi.
| Fola supra nitida, maxime inequalia, 4:0-14:5 cm. long. (pleraque 9:0-11:0
em. long.) L:5-6:5 cm. lat.; costa media supra impressa, subtus eminens; costee
secundarize utrinque circa 20, angulis latis insertze, rectze, sub margine costam margin-
alem undulatam incidentes, utrinque prominule; venul» arctissime reticulate, supra
eminentes; petiolus circa 0°5 cm. long., in sicco manifeste canaliculatus. Bractese
caduez, scariosze, lanceolate vel lineares, circa 0:15-0:25 cm. long. Flores sessiles
vel breviter pedicellati, 05 cm. diam. Alabastra depresse globosa, obtuse penta-
gona, pubescentia, 0:2 em. diam. Sepala ovata, 0:13 cm. long. Petala late obovata,
obtusissima, concava, vix 0:3 em. long., 0°25 em. lat. Germen circa 0:15 em. long.
et 01 em. lat.; stylus crassiusculus, staminibus brevior. Fructus haud visus.
Species inter M. ovatam, Cambess., et M. pheocladam, Berg, medium tenens, ab
ambabus vero primo intuitu diversa adjudicari paniculis effusis germine albo-sericeo
4-loculari.
The fruit is known as Fruito de Pombe, and its juice is said to yield a red indelible ink.
[ Bras. Or., Guiana. |
MYRCIA AMBIGUA, DC. Prod. iii. p. 252.
Hab. Floret ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (Nn. 118, 145.)
Frutex altus vel arbuscula, trunco basi circa 60°0 cm. diam. [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Amazonia, Guiana.].
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 355
Myrcta ($ TOMENTOS.) CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov.); caule primo lateraliter compresso vel sub-
tereti, demum tereti, rufo-tomentoso ; foliis majusculis, petiolatis, chartaceo-coriaceis,
ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, vel minoribus et obtusis, basi sensim coarctatis, raro
rotundatis, supra, nervo medio rufo-tomentoso excluso, glabris et virescentibus,
subtus tenuiter rufo-tomentosis et decoloribus; paniculis axillaribus vel terminalibus,
subeffusis, plurifloris, quam folia brevioribus vel sub:equilongis; germine biloculari,
apice albido-velutino ; sepalis subzequalibus, obtusissimis, rufo-tomentellis.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, prope Santa Anna da Chapada, cirea 600 met. supra
mare. Fl. Aug. (N. 164.)
Arbor venusta, copiose florifera, cirea 10 met. alt., e basi abunde ramosa, cortice cinereo
obtecta. Foliorum majusculorum margine leviter undulatorum lamina ad 16:5 em.
long. et vix ad 6'5 cm. lat.; fol. minorum lamina, circa 5:0 em. long.; costa media
supra impressa, subtus valde eminens, coste secundarie et venule ut in M. effusá;
petiolus 0:6-1:2 em. long., rufo-tomentosus, in,sieco canaliculatus. Panicula com-
pressa vel subteres, rufo-tomentosa. Flores sessiles vel subsessiles vel (interdum
longius) pedicellati, circa 07 cm. diam. Alabastra globosa, obscure pentagona,
tomentosa, 0'3 em. diam. Sepala rotundata, tomentosa, pellucide glandulata,
0:2 em. long. Petala ovata, obtusa, vix 0'5 cm. long., concava. Germen rufo-
tomentosum, circa 0°15 cm. long. et crass., obconicum, subteres; styli filiformis
stamina excedentis dimidium superius cum dimidio inferiore angulum obtusum vel
. rectum, nonnunquam vero acutum, formans. Fructus abest.
Vidotur M. Sellowiane, Berg, affinis, sed multis propriis dispar. [Bras. Or.]
MyncrA ($ CORDIFOLIA) VERRUCULATA (sp. nov.); ramulis incanis, demum glabris;
foliis breviter petiolatis, rigide coriaceis, ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, apice breviter
mucronatis, basi leviter cordatis, juvenilibus presertim in costá centrali pilosis, mox
glabris, pellucido-punctatis, adultis supra nitidulis, subtus decoloribus ; costá mediá
subtus admodum eminente, costis secundariis utrinque circa 7-8, pluribus tertii
ordinis interjectis, angulis latis insertis, rectis vel fere rectis, mox in costam sub-
marginalem desinentibus; venulis arctissime reticulatis, utrinque eminentibus ;
paniculis axillaribus terminalibusve, folia excedentibus ; alabastris incanis ; floribus
ultimis solitariis vel binis; ovario albido-incano, 2-loculari, disco plano, baccá globosá
vel depresse subglobosá, sepalis patentibus, arcte aos triangulari-ovatis,
acuminatis, intus glabris coronatá.
Hab. Ad Jangada floret mens. Sept. (N. 276.)
Ramuli subteretes, cortice tenuissimo cinereo lenticellifero obducti. Novelli compressi,
incani. Folia maxime inequalia, 2:0-7:0 cm. long. 1:2-35 cm. lat., marginibus
revolutis; costa submarginalis undulato-fornicata, 0'3 cm. a margine folium per-
currens; petioli sat incrassati, late canaliculati, dorso pubescentes, 0'3 em. long.
Panieule usque 5:0 em. attingentes, pilose; ramuli ascendentes, l:0-L'5 em.
long. Pedicelli sub flore circa 0'2-0'5 em. long. Flos totus vix 0'5 cm. long.
Ovarium 0°13 em. diam., 4-ovulatum. Sepala 5, 0:3 em. long., extus sericeo-pilosa,
margine longe ciliata, post anthesin patentia, demum recurva. Petala ovata,
BAZ
356 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ciliolata, 0:4 cm. long. Bacca 2-8-sperma, 0:6-1:0 cm. diam., sepe lobulata, parce
pilosula, brunea. Semina usque 0°6 cm. long.
Juxta Myrciam canescentem, Berg, intercalanda, cujus folia minora, sessilia, subtus
canescentia, nervo marginali nec submarginali percursa, paniculze tomentose, etc. | Bras.
Or.]
MYRCIA DASYBLASTA, Berg, in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars i. p. 207.
Hab. Frutex ramosus, metralis; floret ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. (N.30.) [Matto Grosso. |
MYRCIA ($ CORDIFOLIÆ) COLLINA (sp. nov.); ramulis ultimis tomentellis, cito puberulis ;
foliis brevipetiolatis, parvis, coriaceis, ovato-oblongis, apice obtusissimis, raro retusis,
basi leviter cordatis, cito utrinque glaberrimis, pellucido-punctatis ; costis secundariis
utrinque circa 10, supra eminentibus, subtus vix conspicuis, subrectis, a costá
marginali undulatá conjunctis; venulis paucis sublaxe reticulatis; paniculis extra-
axillaribus, folia excedentibus, paucifloris, haud raro racemosis ; alabastris pubescen-
tibus; ovario appresse pubescente, 2-loculari ; floribus ultimis 1-3-nis; sepalis ovatis
obtusissimis, mox patentibus, extus pubescentibus, intus puberulis; baccá ignotá.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi mens Aug. floret. (N. 93.)
Ramuli subtetragoni, deinde glabri et cortice tenui cinereo obtecti, 0:2-0:3 em. diam.,
novelli compressi, minute pubescentes, in sicco fusco-rubescentes. Folia pleraque
2:5-3:5 em. long., 1°3-2°3 em. lat., supra vix nitidula, subtus pallida et fere evenosa,
margine cartilaginea; petioli 0'1-0-15 cm. long., crassiusculi. Panicule circa
0:1-0:2 em. ultra axillas ortze, ascendentes, distantifloree, mox glabrie, usque ad
5'0 em. long.; ramuli non ultra 0'7 cm. attingentes, 1—3-flori. Pedicelli sub
flore nune usque 0°5 cm., nune obsoleti. Alabastra subglobosa, circa 0:2 cm. diam.
Flos totus circa 0°45 cm. long., 0-5 cm. diam. Ovarium circa 0:07 cm. diam.,
4-ovulatum. Sepala paullo ultra 0'l cm. long. Petala ovata, 0:33 cm. long.,
nonnunquam erosula.
Accedit ad M. dasyblastam, Berg, cujus folia parum diversiformia, flores vero longe
alieni. [Matto Grosso.]
EUGENIA ($ UMBELLAT®) SPARSA (sp. nov.); ramulis glabris, sat validis; foliis mem-
branaceis, brevipetiolatis, oblongis vel oblongo-oblanceolatis, breviter mucronatis, basi
longe et sensim angustatis, glabris, crebre pellucido-punctatis; costis secundariis
circa 20, rectis, leviter decurrentibus, costá marginali ad 0'2-0:3 em. a margine
folium pereursante; pedicellis 2—4-nis, unifloris, e nodis defoliatis ortis; alabastris
obovoideis, glabris ; ovario biloculari; sepalis subzequalibus, rotundatis, obtusissimis.
ciliolatis.
Hab. Crescit in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras, ubi floret mens. Oct.
(N. 623.)
Rami subteretes, nodulosi, 2:5—5:0 cm. diam., cortice crassiusculo cinerascente plano vel
rimoso obtecti. Folia sepe subopposita, 8:0-11-5 em. long., 3:0-3:5 cm. lat., supra
haud nitida, subtus paullulum pallidiora; costa media supra alte impressa, subtus
prominula; venule arcte reticulate, parum conspicue. Petioli 0'8 em. long.,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 357
anguste canaliculati, in sicco atrati. Pedicelli 03 em. long., crassiusculi, pubescentes
vel puberuli, basi bracteá parvá ovata vix 0:2 em. long. muniti, et sub flore bracte-
olas duas ovatas acutas sub alabastris 0-1 em. long., mox usque ad 0'2 em. auctas
ferentes. Flores albi, in sicco lutei. Ovarium cylindrieum, obsolete puberulum,
minute verrucosum, 0:25 em. long. Sepala 4, 0°15 em. long., post anthesin patula
vel recurva. Petala 4, late ovata, 0:5 em. long., ciliolata. Stamina 0:6 cm. et stylus
0:5 em. long.
Mihi videtur ad Hugeniam flavescentem, DO., spectare, ob foliorum vero formam et
magnitudinem, pedicellos abbreviatos, flores majores, certe non cum ed conspecifica.
[Bras. Or., Guiana.]
EUGENIA ($ RACEMOS E) TINGE-LINGUA (sp. nov.); ramulis racemisque seepissime minute
puberulis; foliis oppositis, coriaceo-membranaceis, petiolatis, lanceolatis vel ovato-
lanceolatis, raro ovatis, breviter vel longiuscule obtuse cuspidatis, basi leviter
angustatis et obtusis, sparse pellucido-punctatis ; costis secundariis utrinque cirea 8,
rectis, costa submarginali eximie arcuatá ad 0:4-0:6 cm. a margine folium percur-
sante; racemis quam folia brevioribus oppositis, lateralibus axillaribusve, 3-5-carpicis;
baccá subglobosá, 1-2-spermá, sepalis brevibus plus minus conniventibus coronata.
Hab. Frequens ad Santa Cruz et in vicinia, mens. Oct. fructificans. Tinge lingua
incolarum, Oumahung Paraguariensium. (N. 463.)
Ramuli compressi, juniores in sicco brunei, demum cinerei. Folia S'0-120 cm. long.,
3°0-4°5 cm. lat., margine revoluto, supra haud nitida, subtus pallidiora; costa media
supra alte impressa, subtus admodum eminens; costs secundariz et costa submar-
ginalis supra obscurze, subtus aliquanto prominulz ; venulze arcte reticulate ; petioli
vix usque ad l'0 cm. long., supra canaliculati, rugulosi, in sicco fusci. Racemi
fructiferi 2:0—4'0 cm. long., ascendentes; pedicelli 0:3-0:5 em. long., patentes, basi
bracteá parvá ovatá puberulà circa 0:08 cm. long. aucti. Sepala 4, rotundata,
ciliolata, supra fructum 0-1 cm. long. Flores nonsuppetebant. Bacca edulis, usque
ad 0:8 cm. long. et diam. (szepe vero circa 0°65 cm.), viva nigro-purpurea, in sicco
verruculosa. Semen 0°5 em. long.
Accedit ad E. Gardnerianam, Berg, cujus ramuli et racemi appresse hirti, folia latiora,
pedicelli elongati pluriflori, etc.
From the faet of this plant being well-known to our Paraguayan peons, I infer for it
a southward range, unless indeed, as is probable, the Owmahung be a nearly allied species
of Eugenia. Bras. Or. |
EUGENIA ($ RACEMOS£) PSEUDOVERTICILLATA (sp. nov.) Suffruticosa, erecta, ramulis
subteretibus, strictis, molliter pubescentibus, primo tomentellis; foliis petiolatis,
membranaceis, plerisque ternatim, rarius binatim, rarissime quaternatim verticillatis
vel subverticillatis, nonnunquam plane solitariis, oblanceolatis, raro obovato-oblanceo-
latis, plerumque breviter ac late euspidatis, obtusis, basi sensim cuneatis, utrinque
molliter pubescentibus; costis secundariis parum conspieuis utrinque circa 12,
rectis vel fere rectis, costá marginali ad 0'1-0:15 em. a margine folium percursante ;
358 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
racemis axillaribus folia excedentibus vel subzequantibus, erectis, 3-6-floris, una cum
pedicellis elongatis pubescentibus ; floribus exiguis; ovario biloculari ; sepalis ovatis,
obtusis, ciliolatis, utrinque minute puberulis.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 607.)
Suffrutex semimetralis vel ultra. Ramuli e caule valido, seepe procumbente et radicante,
cortice papyraceo pallide ochraceo-puniceo obducto circa 0-7 cm. diam. assurgentes,
0:2-0:25 cm. diam., copiose foliati. Folia pleraque 4:0—5:0 em. long., 1:2-1:5 em.
lat., subtus pallidiora, crebre pellucido-punctata; costa media supra plana, subtus
prominula; venulz inconspicue; petioli 0:3 em. long., pubescentes. Racemi usque
ad 6:0 cm. long., plerique attamen 3:0-4:0 cm., gracillimi; pedicelli patentes, fili-
formes, circa 0'7 cm. long., basi bracteá minutá lanceolata pubescente vix 0°1 cm.
long. muniti, sub flore bracteolas duas parvas ovatas ciliolatas gerentes. Ovarium
ovoideum, pubescens, 0°07 cm. long. Sepala 4, inzequalia, usque ad 0:12 cm. long.
Petala ovata, ciliolata, 0:23 em. long. Stamina et stylus 0:25 cm. long., hic pube-
rulus. Baccæ desiderantur.
Species affinitate dubià et ob habitum, indumentum molliter pubescens, folia et flores
exiguos faeile recognoscenda.
EUGENIA ($ RACEMOSJ.E) MINIATA (sp. nov.); ramulis gracilibus, puberulis, deinde
glabris; foliis brevipetiolatis, parvis, chartaceis, glabris vel minutissime puberulis,
lanceolatis, obtusis, nonnunquam leviter cuspidulatis, basi sensim attenuatis, supra
haud nitidis, subtus pallidis; costis secundariis cirea 12, oblique ascendentibus,
utrinque obscuris, costa marginali marginem fere attingente; racemis axillaribus
terminalibusve quam folia brevioribus, gracillimis, 3-6-floris, puberulis; floribus
minimis ; pedicellis elongatis, patentibus vel ascendentibus ; ovario 2-loculari, glabro;
sepalis 4 inzqualibus, ovatis, ciliolatis; baecá ignotà.
Hab. Ad Cuyabá floret mens. Aug. (N. 14.)
Suffrutex parvus. Ramuli subteretes, 0:1—-0:2 cm. diam., mox cortice tenui cinereo
obdueti. Folia 3:0-40 em. long., 1:0—1:3 em. lat., pellucido-punctata; costa media
supra impressa, subtus parum eminens; petioli 0'2 cm. long. Racemi 1:'5-vix
3:0 em. long., ascendentes. Pedicelli filiformes, 0:7 cm. long., basi bractea subulata
0'1 em. long. puberulà stipati, et sub flore bracteolis duabus parvis ovatis ciliolatis
onusti. Ovarium ovoideum, 0:06 cm. long. Sepala acuta vel obtusa, 0:1 cm. long.
Petala 4, oblongo-ovata, 0'2 em. long. Stylus 0:25 em. long.
Verisimiliter przecedenti affinis, sed multis notis ab eå dispar.
EUGENIA ($ STENOCALYX) PROLIXA (sp. nov.) ; ramulis e caule valido piloso-pubescentibus,
. deinde glabris; foliis adultis chartaceis, breviter petiolatis, anguste lanceolato-
obovatis, cuspidatis, acutiusculis, subtus, preesertim in nervis, sparse pilosis, ceterum
glabris, crebro elevato-pellucido-punctatis ; costis secundariis utrinque circa 8, rectis,
costa submarginali ad 0:3-0:4 em. a margine folium percursante, admodum fornicatà ;
pedunculis solitariis, oppositis, ex eádem gemma 2-4, basi squamá lineari-lanceolatá
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 359
munitis ; ovario piloso, 2-loculari, obscure costato ; baccá immaturá ovoideá, sepalis 4
ovatis, extus sericeo-pilosis, ascendentibus coronata.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. floret. (N. 410.)
Caulis e rhizomate crasso erectus, deorsum nudus, $-metralis, cortice tenui cinereo
striatulo obtectus, basin versus 0'5 cm. diam. Ramuli patuli vel ascendentes,
graciles. Folia adulta 11:0-120 em. long. (raro modo 6'5 em.), supra nitidula,
subtus paullo decoloria; costa media supra impressa, subtus prominula; coste
secundarie utrinque conspicue; venulæ subtus obscure; petioli 0'5 em. long.,
puberuli, in sicco fusci. Pedunculi tenues, pubescentes, sub flore vix 1:0 em. long.,
post anthesin usque ad 1:5 em. elongati. Squam:e 0:5 cm. long., albo-sericese. Flores
preecoces. Ovarium obovoideum. Sepala 4, in:equalia, obtusa vel acuta, ciliolata,
0:3 em. long. Petala 4, oblonga, inferne parum attenuata, 0-8 cm. long. Filamenta
1:0 cm. long. Stylus vix 1:0 em. long., a basi crassiusculá sensim attenuatus. Bacca
nondum matura 0*45—0:5 em. long., obsolete pilosula.
Mihi videtur cum Lugeniá Michelii, Lam., componenda, sed ob habitum disparem
(E. Michelii equidem arbuscula saltem humana altitudine), folia multo majora,
squamas sericeas, pedunculos pubescentes, preter alia, optime discrepat.
Ita variat:
Var. vestita, a typo distans presertim foliis juvenilibus sericeo-tomentosis vel appresse
sericeo-pubescentibus, squamis latioribus, floribus majoribus (petala equidem saltem
1:0 em. long.), et ovario dense albo-sericeo.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 295.) [Bras. Or.]
MELASTOMACEZ.
MICROLICIA EUPHORBIOIDES, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 107, var. PARVIFOLIA, Cogn.
Hab. In cacumine montium Serra da Chapada flores roseos preebet mens. Aug.
(N. 146.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
RHYNCANTHERA ($ ANISOSTEMONES) LEUCORRHIZA (sp. nov.); caule e radice fibroso et
patulo et pilis albis densissime obtecto ascendente, basi quadrangulari, superne
subtereti, sparsim piloso-hispido, demum glabro ; foliis oppositis, breviter petiolatis,
ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis vel oblanceolato-oblongis, basi coarctatis vel rotundatis,
nequaquam cordatis, obtusis, 3-nerviis, paginá superiore pilis perpaucis strigosis
appressis instructá, pag. inf. fere omnino calvá; floribus in axillis fol. superiorum
solitariis, brevissime pedunculatis; calycis tubulosi medio leviter angustati piloso-
hispidi dentibus tubo brevioribus. :
Hab. In loco humido ad Santa Cruz (Barra dos Bugres) nitet atque mens, Oct.
florescit. (N. 465.) —
Herba ramosa, patula, circiter 3 met. alt. Radicis fibre primariæ circa 0:25 cm.
crassæ, in sicco quasi pallide bruneo cinctæ, vivæ vero albæ. Folia inter se
inæqualia (paria majora cum paribus exiguis mixta), 1-0-25 cm. long., 0°5-1-2 em.
lat, margine serrulato-pilosa, subtus in sicco pallida; petioli 03-04 cm. long.,
360 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
glabri vel pilosi. Pedunculus 0'1 em. long. Flores purpurei. Calycis tubus
10-nervis, 0:65 em. long., medio 0:2 em. et basi vix 0:3 cm. lat. ; dentes lanceolati,
acuminati, vix 0-4 em. long. Petala ovato-oblonga, obtusa, 1:3 cm. long. Staminis
maximi filamentum lateraliter compressum, crassiusculum, 0:8 em. long. ; anther
pes incurvus, haud rugatus, 1:0 em. long., dimidio superiore incrassato, basi
brevissime biapiculato; anthera ipsa superne sensim coarctata, 0'4 cm. long.;
rostrum recurvum, filiforme, 0:5 em. long. ; staminum minorum filamentum circa
0:5 em. long., pedi filiformi basi bicorniculato subszequilongum, antherz et rostra iis
stam. maj. similes; staminodia filiformia, vix 0:3 cm. long. Stylus 3:0 em. long.,
undulatus. Fructus abest.
Videtur cum Rhynchontherá secundiflorá, Naud., specie mihi tantum ex descriptione
cognitá, comparanda, abhorrens vero indumento, foliis diversis, inflorescentiá nequaquam
paniculatá, petalis minoribus obtusis, stylo longiore. [| Paraguaria. |
RHYNCHANTHERA (S ANISOSTEMONES) RIPARIA (sp. nov.) Ramosissima, ramis glandu-
loso-piloso-hispidis ; foliis petiolatis, 5-nerviis (obscure 7-nerviis), ovato-lanceolatis,
supremis lanceolatis, obtusis vel obtusiusculis, basi obtusis angustatisve, utrinque
(subtus, precipue secus nervos) pilis paucis strigosis appressis munitis, serraturis
longe vel longiuscule simpliciter vel glanduloso apiculatis ; calycis tubo (sub anthesi)
utrinque aliquanto dilatato, lobis subsetaceis tubo «equilongis, calyce toto longe
glanduloso-piloso-hispido ; capsulá ovoideà, conspicue longitudinaliter nervosa,
sparsim piloso-hispidá.
Hab. Ad ripas fl. Cuyabá prope Melgaço. Fl. Aug. (N. 6.)
Frutex circa 1 met. alt. Folia majora pagina 4-45 cm. long. (fol. suprema vix
1:0 em. long.) in sicco subtus pallidiora. Petiolus ad 1:5 cm. long., glanduloso-
piloso-hispidus. Flores breviter pedicellati. Calycis tubus 0:6 cm. long., longi-
tudinaliter nervosa. Petala purpurea, acutiuscula, vix 1:3 cm. long. Anthere
0:8-0:9 cm. long. (rostro incluso). Capsula (an matura?) 0°7 em. long., 0:5 cm. lat.
Ad R. Henkeanam, DC., proxime accedit, abs quà divergit ob habitum graciliorem,
foliorum minorum indumentum dispar, calycis indumentum neenon lobos setaceos, flores
minores, etc. [Peruvia.]
ACISANTHERA INUNDATA, Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. p. 93, var. PUSILLA, Cogn.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Dec. (N. 752.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana. ]
PTEROLEPIS TRICHOTOMA, Cogn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars iii. p. 261.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Dec. floret. (N. 753.) [Amer. Trop.]
TIBOUCHINA STENOCARPA, Cogn. in Mart. El. Bras. xiv. pars iii. p. 344.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (Nn. 82, 110.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Bolivia. |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 361
ACIOTIS DICHOTOMA, Cogn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiv. pars iii. p. 460, var. LONGIFOLTA,
S. Moore. Planta 15:0-20:0 cm. alt., caule distincte alato, interdum fere glabro ;
foliis lanceolatis, 3-nerviis (obscure 5-nerviis), inferne sensim in petiolum attenuatis
usque ad 5:5 em. long.; floribus fructibusque quam in typo leviter majoribus.
Forma inter 4. dichotomam, Cogn., et A. amazonicam, Cogn., medium tenens, sed vix,
ex mea sententiá, species propria.
Hab. In paludibus ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Dec. (N. 730.) [Guiana, Venezuela,
Ins. Trinitatis. ]
ACIOTIS INDECORA, Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. p. 52.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 471.)
Flores albi; antherze purpurez. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Peru.]
MICONIA TOMENTOSA, D. Don, in Mem. Wern. Soc. iv. 2, p. 316.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Anna da Chapada. (N. 143.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana,
Ins. Trinitatis. |
MICONIA LEPIDOTA, DC. Prod. iii. p. 180.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Dec. (N. 7824.) |Amazonia, Guiana, Nov. Granat.,
Peruvia, Bolivia.]
MICONIA ALBICANS, Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. p. 116.
Hab. Juxta Santa Anna da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (Nn. 89,138.) [Amer. Trop.,
Ind. Occ., Paraguaria.]
MICONIA FALLAx, DC. Prod. iii. p. 181.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. floret. (N. 156.) [Bras. Or, Amazonia,
Paraguaria. |
MICONIA STENOSTACHYA, DC. Prod. iii. p. 181.
Hab. Crescit in ripis fl. Paraguay juxta Tres Barras, itaque ad Santa Cruz; menss.
Oct.—Nov. floret et fructificat. (Nn. 420, 490, 610.)
There are two forms of this plant, if, indeed, they be not two distinct species. One of
these, the Miconia argyrophylla, Benth. (non DC.), has fruits not more than half the size
of the other form. My n. 610 belongs to the latter, the other two to the former of these.
(Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ. |
MICONIA HELIOTROPOIDES, Triana, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxviii. p. 116.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (Nn, 345, 469.) [Goyaz.]
MICONIA PRASINA, DC. Prod. iii. p. 188.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret et fructificat mens. Nov. (N. 457.) [Amer. Trop., Ind.
Occ., Paraguaria. |
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 33
362 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
MiICONIA ($ EUMICONIA, PANICULARES) CORALLIOCARPA (sp. nov.); ramulis patulis,
petiolis paniculisque adpresse tomentoso-setulosis ; foliis longe petiolatis, ovatis vel
ovato-ellipticis, obtusis vel cuspidatis, crenato-dentatis, basi angustatis ibidemque plus
minus obliquis, plerumque supra basin 7-nerviis, interdum vero 6-nerviis, pagina super-
iore preecipue secus nervos pilis strigosis adpressis hirtis, pagina inferiore preecipue
secus nervos adpresse hirsutis ; paniculis gracilibus, quam folia brevioribus, subspicatis,
paucifloris; floribus 5-meris, sessilibus, basi strigillosis; calycis strigoso-pubescentis
tubo campanulato, limbo truncato, obscure 5-denticulato; petalis lineari-spathulatis,
apice undulatis, glabris; staminibus subzequalibus, filamentis glabris; connectivo infra
loculos breviter producto, basi inappendiculato ; ovario triloculari, dimidio superiore
libero.
Hab. Serra da Chapada, ad 1000 ped. alt. Fl Aug.
Frutex, 4 met. alt. Petioli 1:5-6:0 cm. long., strigoso-hirsuti. Foliorum pagina 8:0—20*0
em. long. 4°5-12°0 cm. lat., subtus pallida. Calyx vix 0°5 cm. long. Petala alba,
0:5 em. long. 0°15 cm. lat. Filamenta tenuissima, superne levissime incrassata,
obscure flexuosa, 0*4 cm. long.; antherze lineares, attenuatee, fere rectze, vix 0°5 cm.
long., 0°3 cm. crass, loculis undulatis. Ovarium ovoideum. Stylus tenuis, rectus,
apice incrassatus, truncatus, vix 1:0 cm. long. Bacca immatura corallina, ovoidea,
0:5 em. long., 0:35 cm. crassa. |
Ex affinitate M. Pseudo-nervose, Cogn., cujus folia vix oblique angustata, panicule
pluriflore longiores et robustiores, calyx paullo major setulosus, petala rubra breviora et
latiora, staminum breviorum et crassiorum connectivum basi vix productum, stylus
brevior, bacca fuscescens.. [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
Tococa FORMICARIA, Mart. ex DC. Prod. iii. p. 165.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (N. 120.)
I saw no ants upon this plant. [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
CLIDEMIA HIRTA, D. Don, in Mem. Wern. Soc. iv. 2, p. 309.
-Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 795.)
CLIDEMIA HIRTA, D. Don, var. ELEGANS, Griseb.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, necnon in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres
Barras. (Nn. 507, 799a.)
The specimens gathered from the latter locality have large berries from 1 to nearly
L5 cm. in length and not much less in breadth. Cogniaux describes the berry, the
length of which he gives as only 0'8 em.) as “ nigricans,” but in the * Botanical Magazine '
{sub tab. 1971) it is said to be blue. My fruits were green below and purple above, and
apparently not quite ripe: I did not try their edible qualities. [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.,
Ind. Arch. ]
CLIDEMIA RUBRA, Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 152, var. INTERMEDIA, S. Moore; foliis
3°5-6'0 cm. long., ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. simul floret et
fructificat. (Nn. 88, 99.) [Amer. Trop.] :
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 363
CLIDEMIA SPICATA, DC. Prod. iii. p. 159.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Oct. (N. 496). [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
MOURIRIA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 453.
Hab. In ripa fi. dos Bugres mens. Oct. floret. (N. 437.) (Braz. Or, Amazonia,
Guiana. |
LYTHRACEZ.
CUPHEA MICRANTHA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 196.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. et ad Santa Cruz Dec. floret. (Nn. 111, 755.)
[Amer. Austr. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
CUPHEA RETRORSICAPILLA, Koehne in Mart. El. Bras. xiii. pars ii. p. 279.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. reperi florentem. (N. 597.) [Braz. Or., Goyaz.]
CupHea MELVILLA, Ldl. Bot. Reg. sub tab. 852.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. Paraguay, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 767.) [Amer. Austr. Trop.
et Subtrop. |
PHYSOCALYMNA SCABERRIMUM, Pohl, in Flora, x. (1827) p. 153.
Hab. Serra da Chapada, etiam (fructificans) Santa Cruz mens. Nov. Floret Aug. (Nn.
122, 454.) [Goyaz, Amazonia, Peru, Bolivia. |
ONAGRACEA.
JUSSLEA NERVOSA, Poir. Encyc. Suppl. iii. p. 199.
Hab. Frequens ad Cuyabá et ad Serra da Chapada. (N. 42.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Guiana, Nov. Granat. |
JUSSIÆA SUFFRUTICOSA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 388. "e n dios
Hab. Floret ad Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1091.) [In tropicis late disseminata. |
JUssLEA DECURRENS, DC. Prod. iii. p. 56. ; ;
‘Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens et fructificans. (N. 781.) [America
ab Amazonia et Nov. Granat. usque ad Carolinam.]
JussLEA PILOSA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vi. p. 101. 3 .
Hab. Reperi ad ripas fl. Cuyabá prope Melgaco mens. Aug. fructificantem. (N. 5.)
| Amer. Trop. et Subtrop., Afr. Trop. |
SAMYDACEA.
CASEARIA ($ IROUCANA) RIPARIA (sp. nov.) Inermis, ramulis juvenilibus fulvo-tomentosis,
paulisper glabris ; foliis ad apices ramorum confertis, obovato-oblongis, nunc obtusis-
simis, nunc breviter obtuse cuspidatis, margine glanduloso-denticulatis vel crenulatis,
3B2
364 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
tenuiter membranaceis, basi in petiolum brevem gradatim attenuatis, crebre pellucido-
punctatis, supra cito, costis pubescentibus exceptis, fere glabris, subtus molliter
pubescentibus; costis secundariis utrinque 6-7, aperte arcuatis, sub margine undulatim
conjunctis ; florum fasciculis solemniter ad nodos defoliatos sessilibus, paucifloris ;
pedicellis floribus parvis zequilongis, una cum calyce appresse pubescentibus ; capsulá
subglobosá, pilosa.
Hab. Ad ripas fl. Paraguay prope Santa Cruz mens. Oct. simul floret et fructificat.
(N. 509.)
Ramosa; ramuli ascendentes. vel divaricati, subteretes, leviter undulati, cortice cinereo
leviter striato obtecti, usque ad 0:4 em. diam. Folia 5:0-7:0 cm. long., 2:5-3:0 cm.
lat., inferne longe et sensim cuneata; costee subtus setis prominule ; venulee laxe,
reticulatee, obscure; glandule nunc circulares, nunc bacterioidex ; petioli 0:3 cm.
long., fulvo-tomentosi. Stipulee minute, caduce, lineari-subulatee, modo 0°2 em. long.,
fulvo-tomentose. Pedicelli pubescentes, 0°2 cm. long. Calycis pubescentis lobi
alte partiti, lineari-oblongi, obtusi, 0°25 cm. long. Stamina 8, glabra, basi cum
disci lobis connatas. Disci lobi late lineares, filamentis :equilongi, intus barbati.
Ovarium ovoideo-oblongum, pilosum, in stylum brevem pilosum desinens. Stigma
discoideum. Capsula vix matura 0:3-0:35 cm. long. Semina non suppetebant.
Accedit ad Caseariam hirtam, Sw., abhorret attamen, prseter alia, habitu inermi, foliis
tenuibus minoribus, stipulis abbreviatis, floribus exiguis, capsulis parvis pilosis. [Nov.
Granat., Ind. Oce.]
CASEARIA JAVITENSIS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. p. 366.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 470.) [Amer. Trop.]
TURNERACEA.
PiRIQUETA V1SCOSA, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. p. 114, subsp. AUSTRALIS, Urban.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. Paraguay ad Dourados, mens. Aug. florens. (N.12.) [Bras
Or., Guiana, Venezuela, Ind. Occ., Paraguaria.]
PIRIQUETA LANCEOLATA, Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. p.117. (P. orsrorpESs, Mey.),
var. LATIFOLIA, Urb.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. florentem et fructificantem. (N. 590.)
[ Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
PIRIQUETA FULVA, Chapm. Fl. South. U. S. p. 146.
Hab. [America a Matto Grosso et Bahia usque ad Carolinam Sept.]
TURNERA (§ LEIOCARPÆ ?) CHRYSODOXA (sp. nov.) ; caulibus erectis, 24-29 em. alt., crassis
. prorsus lutescenti-villoso-tomentosis, apicem versus foliatis, ceterum fere nudis; foliis
subsessilibus, nune obovatis, nune oblongo-ovatis, obtusis, nonnunquam vero distincte
breviter bilobis, subtus basi glandulis duabus (utrinque una) crateriformibus
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 365
rubellis gaudentibus ; pedunculis brevissimis adnatis; prophyllis lineari-lanceolatis,
villoso-tomentosis, circa 0:4 em. long.; floribus axillaribus, iis ex axillis superioribus
ortis subcongestis ex axillis inferioribus sparsis; calyce tertiá parte coalitá 1:5 em.
long., filamentis subzequilongis, stylis subzequalibus penitus pilosis, ovario ultra
20-ovulato, fructu non viso.
Hab. In campis siccis apricis ad Serra da Chapada alt. circa 1800 ped. Fl. Aug.
(N. 184.)
Caules e rhizomate lignoso, vix ad 1:5 em. crass., cortice fusco obtecto globati, 0:25 cm.
crass., siccitate striati, infra foliis hebetatis passim gaudentes. Folia congesta, 1:0—3:0
em. long., 1:0-2:5 em. lat., insequaliter crenato-serrata, tomentosa, subtus decoloria,
glandula vix 01 cm. diam. Flores lutei. Calycis hirsuti tubus 10-nervius, intus
pilosulus, 0:5 em. long. ; lobi lineari-lanceolati, 3-nervii vel, nervis duobus debilitatis
utrinque adjectis, 7-nervii, nervo medio superne breviter producto, acuti, 1:0 em.
long. Petala obovata, obtusa, glabra, delicatula, calycis lobos parum excedentia.
Filamenta tubo calycino vix 0:15 em. long. adnata, a lateribus maxime compressa,
glabra, 0:4-0'5 cm. long. Styli multipartiti, 0°5-0°7 cm. long. ; flagelli longiores
0:5 em. long. Ovarium hirsutum, subglobosum, 0:2 cm. long.
Nisi ad sectionem Leiocarp:e non referri debeat hæc stirps, arcte est T. dolichostigmati,
Urban, affinis, speciei ex descriptione optimá a cl. Urbano prodità mihi tantum cognite,
distare vero ab eå videtur caulis indumento tomentoso-villoso, altitudine majore, foliis
superne congestis nonnunquam bilobis, calyce majore, petalis diversis, filamentis sub-
zequilongis, stylis brevioribus et penitus pilosis. (Bras. Or.]
TURNERA ODORATA, Rich. in Act. Soc. Nat. Hist. Paris, 1792, p. 107.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Oct. (N. 476. Goyaz, Guiana, Venezuela, Ins.
Trinitatis. ]
PASSIFLORACEJE
PASSIFLORA FCTIDA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 959; var. STRIGOSA, $. Moore; caule fere
omnino glabro, foliis pilis sparsis appresse strigosis munitis.
Hab. In ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, itaque juxta Corumbá.
Floret menss. Dec. et Jan. (Nn. 820, 915.) [Amer. Trop.]
PASSIFLORA TRICUSPIS, Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. xiii. pars i. p. 587.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret et fructificat mens. Nov. (N. 579.)
Folia saturate viridia. Flores albi. Nom. vernac. Mão d' Anta.
PASSIFLORA TRICUSPIS, Mast., var. MINOR, S. Moore.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores albos preebet mens. Dec. (N. 793.) [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz. |
PASSIFLORA COCCINEA, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 828. :
Hab. Reperi in sylvestribus ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Sept. floret. (N. 312.)
{ Amazonia, Guiana, Peruvia. |
366 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
PASSIFLORA VITIFOLIA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 188.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, neenon in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras.
(Nn. 498, 824.) [Amer. Trop. |
PASSIFLORA CINCINNATA, Mast. in Gard. Chron. 1868, p. 966.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (Nn. 917, 961.) [Bras. Or.)
CUCURBITACE X.
Momorpica CHARANTIA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1009.
Hab. Vulgatissima, viget ad Corumbá. (N. 9042.) [Per regiones tropicas utriusque
orbis late diffusa.]
ANGURIA GLORIOSA (sp. nov.); foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis oblongis vel oblongo-obovatis,
margine lobulatis vel lobulato-dentatis, rarius fere integris, glaberrimis, lateralibus
asymmetricis, semicordatis vel unilateraliter truncatis; floribus magnis ; calyce
ventricoso ; antheris elongatis, rectis, anguste lineari-lanceolatis, appendice
lanceolata majusculá papillosà instructis.
Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores mens. Nov. prebet. (N. 659.)
Caulis in sicco striatus, glaber vel minutissime puberulus. Petioli crassi, patuli,
glabri vel obsolete puberuli, plerique 2°5-3°5 cm. long., petioluli usque 1:0 cm.
long. Foliola viva saturate viridia, sicca pallentia, subtus pallidiora, apice breviter
cuspidato-acuminata, fol. terminalia lateralibus similia nisi basi equilaterali cune-
atim angustata, pleraque 8'0-14:0 em. long., 45-70 em. lat.; cost; secundarise
pauce, angulis latis inserte, aperte, arcuate; coste omnes utrinque planee. — Cirrhi
nonnunquam usque ad 20:0 em. long., sat validi, striati, glabri vel ima basi obsolete
puberuli. Pedunculus communis elongatus, basi obsolete puberulus, crassiusculus,
13:0-22'0 em. long., apice circa 8-12-florus. Flores rubri, inferiores longe (usque ad
2:5 em.) vel breviter pedunculati, superiores verisimiliter sessiles. Calycis viridis
puberuli tubus inferne ventricosus, striatus, 1:2-1:5 em. long., basi 0:5-0:6 cm. lat.,
superne usque ad 0:27 em. sensim coarctatus, intus superne pubescens ; lobi lanceolati
vel triangulari-lanceolati, erecti, 0:3-0:5 em.long. Petala oblonga vel ovata, obtusa,
nervosa, basi late unguiculata, extus glabra, intus basi levissime pilosula, 2:3-3:3
em. long. 1:2-2:0 em. lat. Anthere (appendice inclusá) 1:1 cm. long., 0:12 em.
lat., appendice 0:15 cm. long. Flores feminei et fructus non suppetebant.
Sine dubio accedit ad 4. grandifloram, Cogn., cujus vix varietas ob foliola minora
brevius petiolata, margine haud integerrima, calycis longioris tubum ventricosum
nec cylindraceum, intus apice pubescens nec longe denseque villosum, petala minora
nequaquam villosa, antheras longiores, angustiores, longius appendiculatas. [Peruvia,
Bolivia.] j
A iransverse section of this beautiful plant's stem shows ten vascular bundles, of
course bicollateral. Four of these are larger and central, six smaller are peripheral.
Comparing a section with one of such a familiar type as the vegetable marrow,
the much closer arrangement of the central bundles will be noticed; this closeness of
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 367
position causes much compression of the internal phloém. The cortex is less volumin-
ous than is that of the vegetable marrow, so much so that the outer bundles often run
close to the sclerenchyme ring, which latter greatly resembles that of the vegetable
marrow ; as is so frequently the case with Cucurbitacez, there are small sieve-tubes in
the cortex; the collenchyme is but slightly developed. I have had no opportunity of
examining the leaf-traces.
CACTACEA.
PERESKIA BLEo, DC. Prod. iii. p. 475.
Hab. Ad Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (N. 955.) [Bras. Or., Nov. Granat., Amer.
Centr., Mexico. |
FICOIDE.E.
MOLLUGO GLINOIDES, Cambess. in A. St.-Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. ii. p. 171.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Tres Barras. (N. 634.) [Bras.
Or., Cuba, Chili, Argentina.]
GAMOPETA L Æ.
RUBIACEZ.
LADENBERGIA ($ CASCARILLA) CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov). ; ramis crassis, subobsolete tetra-
gonis, sursum complanatis, obscure puberulis vel glabris, nunc fistulosis, nunc
solidis; foliis modice petiolatis, late ovatis, obtusis, basi obtusis vel rotundatis, supra
elaberrimis, subtus, preesertim secus nervos, piloso-puberulis, margine revolutis,
obsolete undatis vel integris; inflorescentiá terminali, abbreviatá, subthyrsoideá ;
bracteis exiguis, nunquam foliaceis; bracteolis binis minutis, sæpe diu persisten-
tibus; pedicellis crassiusculis; ovario oblongo-turbinato, rufulo-tomentello ; alabas-
tris superne angustatis ; calyce cupulari, usque ad medium 5-lobo, lobis ovatis, obtu-
sissimis, obsolete puberulis; corollà floris longistyli tantummodo a nobis scrutati
in lacineas lineares, obtusas, erassiuseulas, extus una cum tubo tomentellas divisa ;
staminibus juxta medium tubum affixis ; antheris linearibus, obtusis, alabastri tubo
duplo brevioribus: disco cupulari, saltem in sicco compresso; stylo alabastri tubum
subzequante; capsulis linearibus utrinque parum angustatis, seepissime unilateraliter
dehiscentibus; seminibus anguste fusiformibus, utrinque caudatis et plus minus
erosulis, nucleo parvo elliptico.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, alt. cirea 700 met. super mare,
mens. Aug. florens et fructificans. (N. 144.)
Frutex altus (vel potius arbuscula ?), circa 3-metralis. Ramuli 0:4-0-5 em. diam., cicatri-
culis solezeformibus foliorum dilapsorum notati, cortice cinereo vel fusco, leviter
striatulo obducti. Foliorum lamina usque ad 17:0 cm. long. et 12:0 cm. lat. (medio-
eria vero 19:0x 7:5 cm.), coriacea, plerumque siccitate aliquanto rubescens, facie
superiore polita, subtus pallidior; costee secundariw utrovis latere 6-10, plerumque
subopposite et oblique insertze, primo fere rectc, sub margine arcuatim incurve,
ibique plerumque parum prominulee, aliter una cum costá mediá eminentes; petioli
368 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
1:0-3:0 em. long. validi, facie superiore anguste canaliculati, obsolete puberuli.
Stipule ovato-oblongze, obtus:ze, pleræque 2:0 em. long. Inflorescentia tempore
florendi non ultra 10:0 em. long. et 6:0 em. diam. ; rhachis tetragona, rufo-tomentella,
mox puberula. Bractez usque ad 0'3 em. long., lanceolato- vel triangulari-subu-
latee ; bracteole vix 0-1 cm. long. Ovarium, sub flore aperiente, 0*4 cm. long. Calyx
0:32 cm. long., 0:35 cm. diam., intus obsolete puberulus. Floris aperientis corolla
2:3 em. long. alba; tubus 1°5 cm. long. et vix 0°2 em. diam.; limbi lobi 0°8 cm.
long., vix 0'1 em. lat., intus rufulo-puberuli. Stamina 0°25 cm. supra basin affixa ;
antherz 0:35 cm. long. et 0:07 cm. lat. Stigmata 0:3 cm. long. Capsule plerseque
40-5:0 em. long., vix usque ad 0:5 em. diam., calyce persistente connate. Semina
1:0-1:4 cm. long.; nucleus 0°25 em. long., 0°13 em. lat.
Accedit ad Ladenbergiam magnifoliam, Klotzsch, sed plane abhorret foliis minoribus,
inflorescentiá abbreviatà subthyrsoideà, calycibus plane majoribus segmentis latioribus
obtusissimis, alabastris diversiformibus, corollz lobis disparibus elongatis, antheris multo
brevioribus, disco altiore, capsulis angustioribus plerumque uno latere dehiscentibus.
Propius etiam videtur plante Venezueliane (Moritz, n. 965 in Herb. Brit. Mus.), cujus
capsule iis stirpis nostree simillimee, sed flores ante-oculos non habui et folia indumento
et nervatione dispari gaudent, bracteas insuper multo majores ostendit.
The habit of the capsules of splitting usually down one side only is very peculiar, and
were it universal might well justify the making of a new genus. But I find that one of
my eapsules has split in the regulation way, and, as all the other characters are those
of Ladenbergia, Y have decided upon describing my plant as a member of that genus.
[ Peruvia, Nov. Granat., Venezuela. |
MANETTIA, sp. indet.; caule pubescente, nunc puberulo; foliis lanceolato-obovatis,
plerumque gradatim acuminatis, puberulis, usque ad 10-0 cm. long. et 4°0 em. lat.,
plerisque vero minoribus; petiolis pubescentibus usque ad 3:0 em. long., superne
paullo ampliatis ; pedunculis pubescentibus; calycis laciniis linearibus, 0:2 cm. long.
Nec flores expansi nec fructus suppetebant. Flores, ex schedis meis, coccinei.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 553.)
SIPANEA PRATENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. i. p. 147. (S. hispida, Benth. MSS.)
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. flores puniceos preebet. (N. 801.)
I have named this plant as above in deference to Dr. K. Schumann, who unites several
forms which, at first sight, look very distinct. My specimens agree fairly well with
Spruce's, except in the uniformly smaller size of their parts. [Amer. Austr. Trop. |
SIPANEA ($ PANISEA) VERIS (sp. nov.) Herbacea, caule procumbente, hinc atque illinc
radicante; caulibus floriferis, erectis, raro ramulosis, gracilibus, appresse pubescen-
tibus; foliis parvis, petiolatis, ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, obtusis vel obtuse acutis,
nonnunquam obscure mucronulatis, basi plus minus acutatis, fere omnino glabris ;
_inflorescentia spurie terminali cicinnoideá, 1-2-florà ; rhachi gracili, subtereti, appresse
- pubescente; bracteis lineari-lanceolatis, ovario brevioribus vel subsequalibus; ovario
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 369
ovoideo, appresse strigoso-pubescente; calycis lobis elongatis, subulato-setaceis,
ovarium circa 3-plo excedentibus, appresse puberulis; corollà hypocraterimorphá,
calycem circa 2-plo superante, laciniis obovatis, obtusissimis, extus glabris, tubum
plus quam ¿ excedentibus; tubo extus in nervis minutissime et appresse albo-
puberulo, intus superne, prsesertim fauce, aureo-villoso, inferne puberulo; stami-
nibus paullo supra medium tubi affixis; filamentis brevissimis, quam antherz multo
brevioribus; stylo quam tubus breviore, stigmatibus elongatis coronato; capsulà
(immaturá) complanato-subglobosá, pilis brevibus strigosis obtectá; seminibus . . .
Hab. Crescit in apertis arenosis ad ripas fl. dos Bugres, itaque ad confluentes fll.
Paraguay et dos Bugres prope Santa Cruz. Floret Oct. (N. 435.)
Caules omnes tenues, radicantes, nee ultra 0:75 em. diam., nodis tumidis. Folia usque
ad 2:0 cm. long. (mediocre 1:5 em.), 0:5-0:8 em. lat., tenuiter membranacea, coste
secundarize perpaucie, obscure, obliquie ; petioli 0:1-0:2 em. long., patuli vel ascen-
dentes; stipule ovatie, 0-1 em. long. Flores punicei, nunc sessiles vel subsessiles,
nunc pedicellis brevissimis fulti. Ovarium floris expansi 0°15 em. long. et 0:1 em.
diam. Calyx usque ad 0'5 em. long., pars indivisa brevissima et lacini: usque ad
0:45 em. long.; glandulæ interstitiales minute, rubra. Corolle tubus plerumque
0:8-1:0 cm. long. et 0:1 cm. diam., dimidio superiore ampliatus ; limbus circa 1:0 em.
diam., lobi 06 cm. long. Stamina 0'5 cm. a basi affixa, filamenta non ultra 0'1
cm. antherze 0:25 cm. long. Stylus 0:25 cm. long. apice in stigmata 0°15 cm.
long. desinens. Capsula immatura 0°35 cm. long., 0:27 cm. lat.
Sipanee biflore, Linn. fil., affinis, sed distinctissima ob habitum humiliorem, folia
minora, calycis majoris lobos latiores, corollam breviorem, antheras subsessiles et
longiores, necnon stylum et stigmata disparia. [Bras. Or., Guiana, Venezuela.]
SABICEA NOVO-GRANATENSIS, K. Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars vi. p. 303.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores albos preebet mens. Dec. (N. 785.)
SABICEA HUMILIS (sp. nov.); caulibus e rhizomate valde incrassato humilibus, erectis,
simplicibus, subtetragonis, junioribus (saltem in sicco) lateraliter compressis
prorsus dense lanugino-tomentosis; foliis subsessilibus, oblongis ovatis vel anguste
obovato-oblongis, nunc obtusis, nunc. obtusissimis, nunc acutis vel brevissime acumi-
natis, basi acutis vel obtusis, supra longiuscule et appresse tomentoso-pubescentibus,
dein pubescentibus, subtus dense et molliter albo-lanato-tomentosis; stipulis late
ovato-rotundatis, acutis vel breviter acuminatis; inflorescentiá axillari pluriflorà ;
bracteis exterioribus late ovatis acutis, dorso preesertim inferne et intus basi villo-
sulis, margine longe ciliatis; bracteolis linearibus vel spathulatis, dorso villosis ;
ovario 4-loculo, dense villoso; calyce ovario «equilongo, segmentis inzequalibus,
lanceolatis obtusis, parte indivisá multo longioribus, extus villosulis, intus fere
glabris; corollà calycem plus quam duplo superante, ad 3 in lacinias oblongas,
' obtusas, extus villosulas, intus minutissime puberulas divisà; corolle tubo extus
fere glabro, intus parce villoso, ceteroquin minute puberulo; staminibus juxta
medium tubum affixis, inclusis, filamentis brevissimis ; antheris oblongis, obtusis,
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3c
370 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
integris; stylo corolla tubum subzequante, apice in lacinias stigmatosas sat elon-
gatas 3-4 diviso; baccá ignota.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 472.)
Fruticulus pusillus nec ultra 26:0 cm. alt., vulgo 12°0-16°0 cm., caulibus nunquam ramosis.
Rhizoma usque ad 2*0 cm. diam., in sicco bruneum, inferne radices paucas tenuissimas
sparsim ramosas, superne caules stipatos emittens. Caulis strictus, 0°3—0°4 em. diam.,
basi seepe squamas vel folia hebetata (intermedia brevia, plerumque 1:5-9:0 cm.
long.) ostendens. Folia modica, 3:5-7:0 em. long., 2:5-3:'5 em. lat, pergamena,
supra viridia nec in sicco nigricantia ; costee secundariz 8-10, leviter et gradatim
arcuatee, oblique insertze, subtus prominule ; petioli nec ultra 0:3 cm. long.; stipulse
0:4—0:8 em. long., membranace:e, extus villosulze, intus glabre vel pilosze, persistentes.
Inflorescentia circa 10-flora. Bractese circa 0:4 et bracteolee 0:25-0:3 em. long., in
sicco brunez. Ovarium 0:25 em. long., vix 0:2 cm. diam. Calyx vix 0'4 cm.
long.; segmenta 0:22-0:25 cm. long. Corolla alba, 0'9 cm. long.; tubus 0:65-
07 em. long., limbi 07 em. diam., lobi 0:2-0:3 cm. long. Discus crateriformis, 077
cm. alt. Stamina 0'4 cm. supra basin corollee inserta; anther 0:15 cm. long.
Stylus 0:65 cm. long., glaber. Stigmata usque ad 0°15 em. long.
Nulli nisi Sipanee cane, Hook., affinis, sed multis signis ab illà discrepat, scilicet
staturá humili, indumento, foliis disparibus, corolla, ete., toto ccelo diversa. [| Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Peru.]
Hujus forsan varietatem insequentem inveni ad Santa Gris mens. Dec. florentem,
videlicet (n. 794): var. lanceolata, que a typo divergit ob staturam paullo elatiorem
(25:0-80-0 cm. alt.), folia paullo majora supra parce villosulo-pilosa, in sicco nigri-
cantia, stipulas lanceolatas, bracteas exteriores majores (0-6 cm. long.), corolla tubum
longiorem (0:8 em. long.), stamina sub fauce inserta, antheras paullo longiores, angus-
tiores, apice acuto, necnon stylum breviorem.
This is probably the short-styled form, the other being the long-styled, but the
variation in length of the styles and position of insertion of the stamens is accompanied
by so much difference in the purely vegetative organs of the plant that this view must
remain a mere surmise for the present.
BERTIERA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 180,
Hab. Incolit sylvam primzevam inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi inveni
mens. Sept. (N. 372.) [Amazonia, Guiana, Peruvia, Nov. Granat., Ind. Occ. |
ALIBERTIA MYRCIIFOLIA, K. Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars vi. p. 393.
Hab. Juxta urbem Cuyabá frequens, necnon ad Serra da Chapada: floret mens. Aug.
(Nn. 33, 37, 53, 158.)
Frutex metralis. Flores albi.
There are two forms of this in the collection, one (no. 33, from the Chapada Plateau)
has larger leaves and somewhat longer corollas than the other; its branches also are
white, those of the other form being purplish. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana.]
ALIBERTIA AMPLEXICAULIS (sp. nov.); ramis erectis, rigidis, complanatis, arcte pubes-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 371
centibus, dein glabris, internodiis sat elongatis; foliis ovatis vel ovato-oblongis,
obtusissimis, basi cordatis, amplexicaulibus, rigidissime coriaceis, supra eximie
reticulato-nervosis ; inflorescentià g 4—6-florà, foliis 2 summis et vagina stipulari
superposita suffultis ; calyce brevi cupulari truncato integro vernicoso, intus crebro
glanduloso; corolla hypocraterimorphá, calycem circa S-plo excedente, ad 3 in
lacinias breves, deltoideo-ovatas obtusas, extus ut tubus et intus puberulas, diviso,
tubo tetragono, vernice copiosa superfuso, intus glabro; staminibus infra medium
tubi affixis; antheris anguste fusiformibus; baccá vix maturá, magnitudine pisi
magni, globosa, levi.
-Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi floret et fructificat mens.
Aug. (N.148.)
Frutex, altitudine pretermissa. Rami 0:3-0:5 em. diam., purpureo-cinerei. Folia usque
ad 8:5 em. long. et 5'7 cm. lat. (mediocria 3:5-5:5 cm. long.), margine revoluta,
supra nitida, glaberrima, subtus pallida et obsolete pubescentia ; costa media supra
maxime eminens, siepe apicem versus folii dichotoma vel obsoleta; costs secun-
dari utrovis latere 6-8, angulis variis szepissime latis insert:e, nonnunquam undate
et mox dichotom:e, pagina superiore eminentes, inferiore sepe impress, venule-
pag. sup. arcte reticulate, pag. inf. obsoletz ; petioli brevissimi (nec ultra 0:1 em.
long.), ssepe omnino obsoleti. Stipulze brevissim:e rotundat:e, obtus:e, glabre, longi-
trorsum rugate, 0:15—0:2 cm. long. Calyx masc. circa 0'l em. alt. et 0:25 em.
diam, Corolla in toto 0'8 em. long., tubus superne ampliatus ibique 0°17 cm.
diam.; lobi vix 0:2 cm. long. Stamina 0:22 em. supra basin corollee tubi inserta.
Antherz 0:5 em. long. Discus pulvinatus, vernieosus. Bacca 0:8 cm. long., 0:7
cm. diam., calyce 0:075 em. alt. et 0'2 em. diam. coronata. Flores fem. non suppe-
tebant.
Species cum <Alibertid obtusá, K. Schum., comparanda, et facili obtutu notata, inter
plura alia, habitu nequaquam toruloso, folis amplexicaulibus latioribus et maxime
coriaceis, itaque stipulis brevibus rotundatis nec acutis. [Bras. Or. |
ALIBERTIA VERRUCOSA (sp. nov.). Rami compressiusculo-subtetragonis, novellis glabris,
internodiis sat elongatis; foliis breviter petiolatis, amplis, cuneato-obovatis, seepis-
sime obtusissimis, interdum breviter cuspidatis, nunc tenuiter coriaceis, subtus in
axillis costarum secundariarum breviter barbellatis, ceteroquin glabris; flore
femineo solitario, sessili ; calyce brevissimo, cupulari, integro; disci ore incrassato,
lobulato; baccá globosá, verrucis elongatis densissime obtectá.
Hab. Viget in sylvisad Santa Cruz, ubi fructus maturos przebet (ut nunciabant incolæ)
mens. Dec. Nom. vernac. Mermelado con spini. (N. 540.)
Arbuscula ramosa (potius frutex. elatus ?), altitudine przetermissá, noo circa bior-
gyalis. Ramuli 0:3-0'4 em. diam., erecto-ascendentes, ad nodos tumidi, cortice albi-
` cante rimoso cincti; intermedii usque 11:0 em. long., plerumque minores, raro ad
05 em. abbreviati; stipulse ovate, obtusissimee, 0°25 em. long., mox decidu.
Foliorum lamina 11:0-16:0 em. long., 3°5-9°0 cm. lat. (modica 6:0-7:0 cm.), margine
leviter cartilaginea ; costee secundarise 6-8, distantes, angulo circa icc sub-
c2
372 MR..SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
opposite insertee, fere rectee, juxta marginem subito arcuate; petioli 0:5-1:5 cm.
long., validi, facie superiori canaliculati. Flores ignoti. Calyx fem. supra fructum
0-1 cm. alt., 0:3 cm. diam. Bacca unilocularis, immatura 2:0 cm. diam., viridis.
Semina ignota.
Species insignis, et ob baccas verrucosas omnibus ab aliis hucusque descriptis facile
distinguenda.
The warted fruits are so striking a character that I have ventured to describe this
plant, although both male and female flowers are unknown. T he fruits, which were
rapidly increasing in size at the time we had to leave Santa Cruz (the beginning of
December), were said by the people of that place to ripen before the end of the year;
they are then made into a preserve.
BASANACANTHA ARMATA, Hook. f. in Gen. Pl. ii. p. 83, var. et typica forma pubiloba.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret. (N. 464.) [ Amer. Austr. Trop.,
Paraguaria. | |
'TOCOYENA HIRSUTA, Moric. DC. Prod. iv. p. 375.
Hab. Reperi florentem ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 261.)
Arbuscula 3-metralis, sursum foliata. Corolle: odoratee tubus pallide viridis, limbus
niveus. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana. |
RANDIA RUIZIANA, DC. Prod. iv. p. 388, var. LONGIFLORA, K. Schum.
Hab. In ripá inveni fl. Brasinho, itaque fl. Paraguay prope Santa Cruz, mens. Oct.
florentem. (Nn. 441, 630.)
The ovary of a flower examined by me certainly had parietal placentas, so that, if this
be a character of the plant named by De Candolle Randia Ruiziana, the latter is not a
good Randia.
Although included by K. Schumann among the Brazilian Rubiacew, there can be but
little doubt that this was done without warrant. Spruce’s specimens formed part of a
collection made upon the Cassiquiari, Vasiva, and Pacimone rivers; the first and last
of these are plainly in the Amazonas province of Venezuela, and the Vasiva is probably
_ one of the small neighbouring affluents of the Rio Negro.
From the phytogeographical point of view, this plant, of which I saw plenty, is one
of the most interesting in the collection. [Venezuela, Guiana, Nov. Granat., Peruvia,
Amer. Centr. |
GUETTARDA VIBURNOIDES, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, 1829, p. 182, var. œ. PANNOSA,
Muell. Arg.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 661.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
GUETTARDA MATTOGROSSENSIS (sp. nov.); ramulis patentibus, hinc inde ad spinas
validas leviter curvatas per paria dispositas vel ramulis foliigeris oppositis et nune
solitariis reductis; stipulis parvis, ovato-lanceolatis; petiolis mediocribus, paginá
foliorum obovato-oblongà vel ovato-lanceolatá, plerumque acutA vel cuspidato-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 373
acuminata, inferne sensim plus minus coarctatá, costis secundariis utroque latere
7-11 oblique insertis, leviter arcuatis, utrinque sat prominulis; pedunculis folia
subsequantibus validiusculis; cymis bis vel ter dichotome divisis ; bracteis lineari-
lanceolatis vel linearibus, calycem sub:equantibus; calycis parte liberá tubulosa,
ovarium quater sequante, inzequaliter ac prominule 2-3-lobà, extus sericeo-tomen-
tos’, intus fere omnino glabrá ; corollà extus sericeo-tomentosá, intus secus medium
loborum pilosula, ceterum glabrá, tubo lobis circa 4-plo longiore, pro genere sat
crasso; antheris faucem attingentibus 10-plo longioribus quam latis, paullo supra
medium fixis; stylo basin versus longiusculo, tractu incrassato glabro excepto,
pubescente; stigmate capitato ; ovario anguloso, 4-5 loculari; drupá non visa.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florescens. (N. 742.)
Frutex circa 23-metralis, ramis abundans. Ramuli validi, teretes, rufo-tomentosi, deinde
glabri. Spin: 0:4-1:2 em. long., annulatim notate, acuminate. Foliorum pagin:e
plerzeque 5:0-10:0 em. long., 25-vix 6:0 em. lat., basi paullo oblique, apice acute
vel breviter cuspidato-acuminatee, utrinque secus nervos appresse rufo-tomentellre,
ceterum puberule ; petioli plerique 0:4-0:9 em. long., rufo-tomentosi, Stipulee ad
|. 95 em. long., et circa 0°75 cm. lat. Pedunculi plerumque 4-5-8'0 cm. long., rufo-
- tomentosi. Cymæ plereeque 10—16-florze ; cymulorum pedicelli communes ad circa
0'5 em. long., rufo-tomentosi. Bracteæ 0:4-0:6 em. long., pubescentes. Calycis
tubus superus vix 5*0 em. long., breviter ac irregulariter denticulatus, rufo-tomen-
tosus. Corolle tubus ad 1:33 em. long., superne sensim ampliatus, ibique 0:2 cm.
lat.; limbus 0°8 em. diam. ; lobi 0:4 em. long., 0:2 em. lat.
Species critica; a Guettardá Burchellianá, Muell. Arg., cui proxima, distat ob nervos
secundarios oblique insertos (haud semirectos), petiolos longiores, stipulas diversiformes,
corollze tubum multo breviorem, stylum basi glabrum, ete. G. Pohliana, Muell. Arg.,
petiolis longioribus, stipulis diversiformibus et majoribus, corollà et stylo disparibus
gaudet | Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
CHOMELIA MYRTIFOLIA (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, inermis; ramulis jnvenilibus fulvo-hirto-
pubescentibus; stipulis triangulari-ovatis, acuminatis; foliis subsessilibus, ovatis,
basi brevissime cordatis, supra glabris, subtus, preesertim in nervis, piloso-pubes-
centibus ; costis secundariis utrovis latere 4—5; cymarum pedunculis quam folia
brevioribus, plurifloris vel paucifloris ; calycis profunde 5-partiti lobis ovario longi-
oribus, inzqualibus, foliaceis oblongis vel oblongo-spathulatis, obtusis, in sinu
slanduligeris; corolle gracilis, extus appresse sericeo-pubescentis, intus glabree,
tubo lobis 5-plo longiore; antheris tubo inclusis, ad 3 altitudinis affixis, filamentis
brevissimis, 8-plo longioribus quam latis; disco epigyno glabro; stylo elongato,
eracillimo, glabro; ovario cylindrico, hirsuto.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Dec. (N. 776a.)
Ramuli teretes, demum glabri et cortice albido obtecti. Folia 2:0-3'5 em. long., 1:3-2:0
em. lat, coriaceo-membranacea, supra pallidissime nitentia, subtus aliquanto
decoloria ; petioli 0-1 em. long., hirto-pubescentes. Stipulz 0'2 cm. long., appresse
hirtule. Pedunculi usque ad 1:0 em. long. superiores vero breviores, graciles,
374 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
piloso-hirti. Calycis extus piloso-hirti lobi 0:15 em. long. — Corollie tubus superne
sensim ampliatus, 1:2 cm. long., sub limbo 0:12 cm. lat.; limbi 0:4 cm. diam., lobi
0:25 cm. long. Stamina ad 0:2 em. infra fauces inserta; anthere 0:17 em. long.,
0:02 cm. lat. Ovarium sub flore vix 01 cm. long. Stylus breviter exsertus, 1:25 cm.
long. Stigmatis lobi lineares, abbreviati, 0:06 cm. long. Baec:e ignotee.
Ex affinitate Chomelic gracilis (LAnisomeris gracilis, K. Schum.; Glaziou, n. 19441 in
Herb. Kew.), cujus calyx minor et minus foliaceus, stamina breviora tubo inserta, stig-
matis lobi abbreviati et lineares nec elongati et spathulati, etc. [ Bras. Or. |
The vernacular name of this shrub was given me as Govinha do Campo, and it (the
berries I presume) was said to be used in flavouring caña. Myrcia effusa is called
Govinha, and I think it quite possible that my informant may have mistaken the
Chomelia for the Myrcia, the former having much the habit of a Myrtacea. Moreover,
Myrcia-berries are much more likely to be used as a flavouring than those of Chomelia.
The root of the word is perhaps gorvo, the Portuguese for a clove.
CHOMELIA RIBESIOIDES, Benth. ex A. Gray in Proc, Amer. Acad. iv. p. 38.
Hab, Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, et floret mens. Aug. (N.168.)
Frutex circa metralis, copiose ramosus. Flores lutei, foliis quasi umbraculo contra solis
injuriam tecti.
Both Mueller Arg. and the authors of the ‘Genera Plantarum’ agree in describing
the flowers as tetramerous, but some of the flowers of my specimens are pentamerous, as is
also the case with herbarium specimens examined by me. (Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia.]
CHOMELIA,sp.nov.? Frutex diffusus ; ramis rigidis, subteretibus, hác atque illic tumidis,
0'3 em. diam. ; ramulis ramis similibus, sed spinescentibus ; foliis parvis, brevissime
petiolatis, ovatis, obtusis, basi rotundatis vel obtusis, nonnunquam levissime cordatis, `
coriaceis, subtus in nervis barbellatis, 1:5-3:0 cm. long., 1:0-2:3 em. lat.; costis
secundariis perpaucis, supra impressis, subtus eminentibus ; baecá oblonga, 0-7 cm.
long., 02 cm. lat., pilosa, viva purpureo-nigrá, calycis reliquiis extus pilosis, recurvis,
linearibus, obtusis, 0:2 cm long. coronatá. Flores non vidi.
Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Sept. fructificat. (N. 321.)
CHIOCOCCA BRACHIATA, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. ii. p. 67: var. B. lanceolata, Muell. Arg.
Hab. Crescit in fruticetis ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 741. [Amer. Austr.
Trop., Ind. Occ. |
COUSSAREA HYDRANGEJEFOLIA, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Pl. ii. p. 121.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 739.) (Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
COUSSAREA FRONDOSA (sp. nov.); stipulis interpetiolaribus amplis, rotundatis, muticis,
crasse coriaceis, deciduis, intus annulo dentium scariosorum subulatorum satis
elongatorum auctis; foliis valide petiolatis, amplis, late oblongo-ovatis vel obovato-
oblongis, subito longiuscule cuspidatis, basi plus minus attenuatis, interdum
euneatis, coriaceo-membranaceis; costis secundariis 6-8, inferioribus approximatis,
oblique insertis, sub margine undulatim-fornicatis, ibique tandem conjunctis; venulis
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 375
arcte reticulatis, utrinque (presertim vero subtus) eminentibus; paniculis termina-
libus abbreviatis, sc. quam folia multoties brevioribus, breviter pedunculatis, nonnun-
quam fere subsessilibus ; ramulis conferto-ascendentibus, apice bi-trichotomis, pauci-
floris; calycis parte liber’ ovarium circa 21-plo superante tubulosá, ore breviter 4-
dentato, intus glandulis parvis crebris instructo, alabastris anguste claviformibus ;
corolle elongatee obsolete puberul:e lobis lineari-lanceolatis, tubo limbo 3-plo ex-
cedente ad $ altitudinis staminigero ; antheris comparatione parvis, 7-plo longioribus
quam latis, dorso ad j altitudinis fixis; stylo filiformi, glabro; stigmatibus elon-
eatis, stylo plane latioribus.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 524.)
Arbuscula ramosa, 5-metralis. Ramuli validi, compresso-subtetragoni, grisei, puberuli,
longitrorsum striati. Petioli 1:0-2:5 em. long., patentes, validi, anguste canaliculati,
minute pubescentes; foliorum lamina usque ad 25:0 em. long. et 13:5 em. lat. (modica
20:0 X 10:5 em.), utrinque nitida, subtus vero paullulum decolor, supra, costis minute
puberulis exemptis, glabra, subtus, preesertim in nervis, patenti-pubescens. Stipulwe
circa 0°5 em. long., extus puberule. Inflorescentia nec ultra 5:0 cm. long. et 40
cm. lat, axes obesi, puberuli, grisei; cymule satis brevipedunculate, plerseque
6-12-floree. Flores albi, pedicellis obesis ovario sequilongis suffultis, Ovarium 0:1
em. long., calyce paullo angustius, una cum calyce minutissime pubescens. Calyx
0:25 cm. long., vix 0'2 em. lat. Corolla tota 3:8 cm. long.; lobi vix 1:0 em. long.,
0'l cm. lat., apice obtusa; tubus inferne vix 0'1 cm. lat., in faucibus usque ad
0:25 cm. dilatatus, intus puberulus. Stamina 2:3 em. supra basin corollæ fixa ;
filamenta glabra, complanata, antheris distincte breviora; antherz apice acutatee,
vix 0:3 em. long., 0°04 cm. lat. Stylus circa 1:0 cm. long., deorsum paullo incras-
satus. Stigmata 0°65 em. long. Baccze non suppetebant.
Coussaree macrophylle, Muell. Arg., proxima, sed foliis angustioribus, costis secundariis
paucis, panieulis abbreviatis, corollse lobis tubo 3-plo brevioribus nec tubum semi-
eequantibus, antheris multo brevioribus, stigmatibus latis, inter alia, bene distinguenda.
C. Regnelliana, Muell. Arg., foliis latioribus basi subcaudatis, calyce longe diverso, et
antheris duplo longioribus gaudet; itaque stipule C. ample auct. laudati intus haud
denticuligerse, inflorescentia hirto-puberula, ovarium neenon calyx admodum diversus.
[ Amazonia. |
In hoc genus verisimiliter trahendum est specimen nanum ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov.
lectum (n, 546), cujus folia breviter petiolata, membranacea, oblongo-obovata, acuminata,
summum minute puberula, 11:0—17:0 em. long. ; inflorescentize terminales foliis breviores ;
cymulæ patentes, pauciflore ; flores ignoti; baccze ovoideæ, minute puberulæ, 1-sperme,
0:5 cm, lat., vix 1:0 em. long.
FARAMEA ($ HyPOCHASMA ?) COUSSAROIDES (sp. nov.) ; stipulis intrapetiolaribus brevibus,
latis, apice obtusis, basi breviter connatis, caducis; foliorum lamina ampla e basi
rotundata vel obtusa, late elliptica, cuspidato-acuminata, papyracea, supra, prsesertim
in costis, puberulá vel minute pubescente, nitidá, subtus pubescente ; costis secundariis
circa 8, rarius opposite vel subopposite insertis, ipso sub margine arcuatim junctis,
ceteroquia rectis; cymis abbreviatis, plurifloris, pedunculis quam folia multoties bre-
376 MR.. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
vioribus suffultis; calycis parte liber’ satis elongatá, anguste tubulosá, ore brevissime
et inequaliter 4-dentato ; alabastris anguste claviformibus ; corollee lobis tubo 23-plo
brevioribus, oblongo-linearibus, obtusis, tubo elongato tenui, sursum leviter ac gra-
datim amplificato, prope faucem staminigero, obsolete puberulo; antheris breviter
exsertis, 10-plo longioribus quam latis, dorso vix ad 4 longitudinis affixis ; stigmatibus
filiformibus ; ovarii dissepimento sursum evanido.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 750.)
Arbuscula circa 4-metralis. ^ Ramuli subtetragoni, ssepe geniculati, pubescentes, mox
glabri, et cortice leucophzo undato-striato obducti, 0:35-0:6 cm. diam. Stipulee
0:2 em. long., firme, extus pubescentes, nunc caducissimz, nunc paulisper persis-
tentes. Foliorum limbus usque ad 18°0 cm. long. et 10:5 em. lat., in sicco supra
nigricans, subtus pallidior; petioli patuli, validi, pubescentes, 1:0-2:0 cm. long.
Cym:e 4:0-6:0 cm. long., 4:0—5:0 cm. lat., sat incrassate ; pedunculus circa 20 cm.
long., una cum cym:e ramulis pubescens. Flores albi. Ovarium vix 0°15 em. long.,
albo-tomentosum. (Calycis pars libera circa 0:17 em. long. et lat., minute pubes-
cens; dentes obtusi, ciliati. Corolle tubus vix 2:5 em. long., basi 0:1 cm. lat., sub
limbo fere ad 0'2 cm. amplificatus; lobi vix 1:0 cm. long., 02 em. lat. Anthere
0:45 cm. long., 0:04 em. lat., apice curvat:e, acute. Discus 0:05 em, alt. Stylus
paullo uitra 2:0 cm. attingens, puberulus. Stigmata 0:35 em. long. Bacca ignota.
Species nulli affinis, sed fortasse juxta F. coronatam, Muell. Arg., difficile interponenda.
Cum habitu Coussarearum preebet attamen placentationem Faramearum.
FARAMEA BRACTEATA, Benth. in Linn:ea, xxiii. p. 452.
Hab. Florescit in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino mens. Oct.
(N. 638.)
Involucrum album, flores cyanei. [Goyaz.]
PSYCHOTRIA ($ EUPSYCHOTRIA) OREADUM (sp. nov.); stipulis in vaginam intra- et inter
petiolarem brevem, utrinque juxta petiolos subulato-unidentatam connatis; limbo
foliorum lanceolato vel ovato-lanceolato acuto, nonnunquam breviter cuspidato ;
costis secundariis utrinque latere 8-10 aperte areuatis, ipso sub margine irregulariter
junctis; venis late reticulatis ; paniculá terminali modice pedunculatá, congestim
corymbiformi, dense bracteatá; ramulorum bracteis lanceolatis, puberulis, albidis,
flores longitudine excedentibus ; calycis parte liberá ovario paullo breviore, tenuiter
cyathiformi, minute ac inordinatim denticulatá, obscure pilosiusculá; tubo intus
pauci-glanduloso; corollá aperiente claviformi, apice minute puberulá, intus medio
staminigerá ibique sparsim pubescente, fauce dense ac minute pubescenti-pulvinata ;
lobis lanceolatis, $ longitudinis tubi :equantibus; antheris dorso 3 supra basin fixis ;
disco epigyno, incrassato, urceolari, 10-lobulato; stylo superne ampliato, longe
bifido, ramis parum complanatis, integris; baccá ignotà.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz, necnon in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria,
floret Nov.-Dec. (N. 810.)
Frutex parvus e rhizomate sat crasso, leviter toruloso erectus, crebre ramosus, circa
$-metralis. Caules et ramuli graciles, glabri. Folia 6:0-12'0 cm. long., 2:0-5:5
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 377
cm. lat., glabra, membranacea, sicca leete viridia. Petioli brevissimi, nec ultra 0-2
em. long., interdum obsoleti. Pedunculi 1:5-3:0 cm. long. pubescentes, dein
fere glabri. Panicule 2:5-3:0 em. diam., puberulie vel pubescentes, Bractew usque
ad 1:3 em. long. et 0'4 cm. lat., plerumque vero minores, albze, in sicco straminem.
Flores albi. Ovarium sub flore 0:06 cm. long. et lat., costulatum, glabrum. Calyx
0-04 em. long. Corollæ lobi vix 0'2 em. long., acuti, extus, preesertim apice, pilosuli.
Anthere 0'2 em. long., 0°04 cm. lat., apice obtusæ, breviter exsertæ. | Stylus 0:25
0:25 cm. long., glaber. Stigmata 0'2 em. long., sursum ampliata, obtusa.
Cum Psychotriá lupuliná, Benth., et P. leucopheá, Paepp. et Endl., componenda, ab
illà vero distans bracteis necnon floribus disparibus,ab hic preeter alia stipulis diversis, foliis
minoribus nec longe acuminatis, bracteis comparative exiguis, floribus diversiformibus et
albis nec violaceis. [| Amazonia. |
PsYCHOTRIA OREADUM, var. ? VIRIDIS (nov.).
Cum P. Oreadum optime congruens, sed bractez latiores, firmiores, virides, nec albi.
Flores desunt. Baccze late depresse ovoidez, nunc didyme, nunc integre, vive
luride virides. Fruticulus semimetralis.
Hab, Crescit inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria in ripà fl. Paraguay. Floret mens. Dec.
(N. 838.)
PsvcHoTRIA TRIPHYLLA, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars v. p. 233.
Hab. Frutex altus; viget in sylvà primeeva inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan,
itaque ad Santa Cruz. Floret menss. Sept.-Nov. (Nn. 375, 563.) [Amazonia, Guiana.]
Psycuorria MARCGRAVII ?, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. Cur. Post. p. 79.
Hab. Reperi in sylvà primevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan mens.
Sept. (N. 402.)
Suffrutex metralis. Pedunculus necnon pedicelli rubri, flores violacei.
Owing to the immaturity of the flowers, I find it impossible to name this plant
without some doubt as to the identification.
PsYCHOTRIA CUJABENSIS, Schlecht. in Linnæa, xxviii. (1856) p. 507.
Hab. In sylvis juxta fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, mens. Oct. florens.
(N. 618.)
Frutex metralis. Flores albi. [Matto Grosso.]
PsYCHOTRIA SUBCROCEA, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars v. p. 244.
Hab. Crescit juxta Santa Cruz, neenon ad ripas fl Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et
Diamantino, mens. Dec. florens. (Nn. 606, 812.)
Frutex metralis. Pedunculi et pedicelli corallini; flores lutei, inta. Specimina
mea a typo divergunt foliis longius petiolatis (pet. usque ad 1:0 cm. long.) et corollze
tubo abbreviato, neque ultra 0'9 cm. long.
[have been in much doubt about this identification. The chief points of difference
between my specimens and the type are the longish petioles, which in the type are only
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3D
378 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
0:2-0:3 em. long, and the smaller corollas, never more than 0:9 em. long. instead of 1:2-
1:3 em. Since, however, Pohl’s no. 845, referred by Mueller Arg. to Psychotria subcrocea,
has long-petioled leaves, and Blanchet's no. 2699, which Mueller names P. subcrocea, var.
confusa, has short corollas, I have decided to refrain from adding another to the long list of
species ranged under this troublesome genus. [ Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
PSYCHOTRIA SUBCROCEA, Muell. Arg., var. CONFUSA.
Hab. Fruticem altum, pedicellis rubris et floribus luteis, inveni in ripà fl. dos Bugres
mens. Oct. (N. 434.)
PsvcuorRiA ($ FUPSYCHOTRIA) HOMOPLASTICA (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXVI.); stipulis magnis,
late ovatis, acute bilobis, scarioso-membranaceis, nec vaginantibus; foliorum limbo
amplo lanceolato vel obovato-oblongo, breviter cuspidato, membranceo-papyraceo ;
costis secundariis circa 21—28, sensim arcuatis, sub margine junctis ; venis transversis,
parum reticulatis, pag. inf. impressis, pag. sup. eminentibus; paniculá terminali,
pedunculatá, sublaxiuscule compacta, crebre bracteosá ; bracteis elongatis, oblongo-
lanceolatis ; calycis parte liberà tubulosà, quam ovarium breviore, ore breviter 5-fidà,
intus eglandulosa; corollà aperiente apice glabrá, intus, supra medium tubi, juxta
fauces staminageras, pubescente, ceterum glabrà; antheris circa 6-plo longioribus
quam latis, dorso mediá altitudine fixis; stylo filiformi conspicue bifido, ramis
complanatis pubescentibus, disco crassiusculo, alte bilobo. 3
Hab, Crescit in sylvá primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi mens.
Sept. floret. (N. 381.)
Frutex usque bimetralis Ramuli compresso-subtetragoni, leeves, sicco virides, nodis
leviter tumidis, 04 cm. lat.; intermedii plerumque 5:0-12:0 cm. long. Foliorum
lamina usque ad 18:0 cm. long. et 6:5 em. lat. (mediocris 14:0 x 6:0 cm.), basi acuta,
margine obsolete undulata, in sicco nigricans, subtus dilutissime virens, glaberrima,
juvenilis vero subobsolete puberula ; costa media in sicco straminea, subtus eminens.
Petioli 1:0 em. long. patuli, in sicco virides, facie superiori late canaliculati.
Stipule + 2:0 em. long. 1-0-1:5 em. lat., omnino liberz, plereeque ad 1:0-1:5 em.
bilobee, longitrorsum nervose, in sicco virides. Pedunculi 4-0—5:0 em. long., glabri.
Inflorescentize usque ad 4:5 cm. diam. Bractewvix 2:0 em. attingunt, plerumque circa
l'0-1:5 cm., membranaces, obsolete puberulx. Calycis lobi deltoidei, obtusi vel
acuti, vel brevissime cuspidulati, nonnunquam bicuspidulati. Corolla expansa
L2 cm. long.; tubus L0 cm long., basi 0:12 em. diam., superne gradatim vix
ad 03 cm. amplificatus ; lobi ovato-oblongi, obtusi, 0°35 cm. long. Stamina 0'8
em. supra basin corolle tubi affixa, filamenta exserta 0°5 em. long., complanata ;
anthere 0:2 cm. long. apice cuspidulatee. . Discus floris aperientis 0:08 cm. alt.
Ovarium 0-1 em. long., glabrum, longitrorsum rugulatum. Stylus vix 0*6 em. et
stigmata 0'2 cm. long. Bacca ignota. Videturad P. lupulinam, Benth., accedere, sed
certe diversa multis signis, nempe bracteis angustioribus, stipulis et foliis omnino
disparibus, etc. A P. ($ Cephaéli) stipulosá, Muell. Arg., cujus ramos, folia, et stipulas
miro modo mentitur, distat inflorescentiá et bracteis toto coelo diversis.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 379
I have shown specimens of this species side by side with those of Psychotria stipulosa to
several of my friends, and all have been struck by the remarkable homoplasy. It has
in fact been suggested that the two are really one species, but the inflorescences are so
unlike that I cannot think this to be possible. [ Amazonia. ]
PsYCHOTRIA ($ CEPHAÉLIS) SCIAPHILA (sp. nov.); stipulis parvis, utrinque geminis,
inferne in vaginam inter- et intrapetiolarem connatis ; foliorum subsessilium limbo
lanceolato, raro ovato-lanceolato, cuspidato-acuminato, basi paullo coarctato ibique
obscure obliquo, membranaceo; costis secundariis utroque latere circa 14, late arcuatis;
floribus in capitulum terminale breviter pedunculatum, nonnunquam a foliis summis.
plus minusve occlusum, digestis ; bracteis indivisis, lanceolatis, setoso-pilosis, florum
et bracteolis 0; calycis maxime setoss parte superiori, ovarium pluries equante,
fere usque ad basin 5-partito laciniis setaceis, elongatis, setoso-pilosis ; coroll» lobis
extus setosis, tubo extus puberulo 4-plo brevioribus, tubo supra medium staminigero
et pubescente; antheris circa 5-plo longioribus quam latis, dorso fere medio affixis ;
styli filiformis ramis brevibus obscure complanatis ; baccá ignotá.
Hab. Abundat in sylvis juxta ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino.
Floret Oct. (N. 643.)
Bispithamea, caulis e rhizomate repente pallide bruneo, crassitudine penne corvin:e
ascendens, tenuis, leviter flexuosus, sursum foliigerus ibique hispido-pilosus, ceterum
glaber. Stipularum setacearum hispido-pilosarum 2:5-5:0 em. long., vagina 0:2 cm. alt..
Folia 4:0-vix 9:0 long. 2°0-3, em. lat., utrinque appresse hispido-pilosa, membranacea.
Capitulum basi bracteis circa 7 omnino liberis sessilibus, floribus subsequilongis,
involucratum. Calycis lacinie 0:5 cm. long. Corolle albz tubus 0:8 em. long.,
sursum ampliatus, basi 01, sub faucibus 0:2 em. diam. ; lobi ovati, acuti, 0'2 cm.
long. Stamina 0:65 cm. supra basin tubi coroll: inserta; filamenta 0:1 em. long.,
filiformia ; anthere 0°17 long.; discus crassus, urceolatus, 5-lobatus.
Habitus P. trichophora, Muell. Arg., stirpis mihi descriptione solummodo not:e, sed
preeter alia bracteis florum et bracteolis absentibus ab illà manifeste recedit. [Goyaz. |
[PSYCHOTRIA IPECACUANHA, Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. i p.365. (Cephaélis Ipecacuanha,
A. Ricb.)
Hab. Abundat in sylvà primevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, ubi mens. Sept.
florescit.
Dried material of this very important plant is searce ; in fact I do not remember to-
have seen one really good specimen. This has caused me greatly to regret not having
brought specimens home with me. I did not do so, thinking that, on arriving in this.
country, I should find so well-known a plant plentifully represented in herbaria. |
PsYCHOTRIA TOMENTOSA, Muell Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars v. p. 370. (Cephaélis
tomentosa, Willd.)
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada prope Santa Anna da Chapada,
ubi floret mens. Aug. (N. 91.) p
Mueller (/. c.) distinguishes under the name of Psychotria Poeppigiana a form with
| 3D2
380 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
calyx three times as long as the ovary, while the calyx of P. tomentosa is said to have
a calyx which equals the ovary in length. The calyx of my specimens is about half as
long again as the ovary. Strange to say, however, the figure in Mart. Fl. Bras. /. c. (t. 57)
which purports to be that of P. Poeppigiana represents a plant whose calyx is but
little, if at all, longer than the ovary. This has caused me much difficulty in naming
my specimens. I should suggest the probability of four of Mueller's species, evidently
closely allied as they are, being mere varieties of one; these four are P. Barcellana,
Poeppigiana, tomentosa, and Uberabana. | | Brasilia, Guiana, Venezuela. |
MAPOURIA ALBA, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars v. p. 393.
Hab. Reperi in ripà fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, mens. Oct. florens.
(N. 632.)
The stamens of this plant are often inserted at different heights upon the corolla; so,
too, are the hairy pads near the points of insertion of the stamens. The figure in Mart.
Fl. Bras. (t. 59) is misleading, as it does not show the pads, although Mueller correctly
describes them. [ Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Peruvia. }
MarourIa MArTIaNa, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars v. p. 394.
Hab. Frutex altus, sursum foliatus, crescit in ripá fl. dos Bugres, ubi mens. Oct. flores
albos ostendit. (N. 439.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
ad CORUMBENSIS (sp. nov.). Tota glabra, stipulis late ovatis vel rotundatis,
obtusis ; foliorum limbo lanceolato acuto, nonnunquam leviter cuspidato, basi sensim
angustato ; costis secundariis utroque latere circa 11, pag. sup. distinctissimis, venulis:
ultimis reticulum patens constituentibus; paniculis terminalibus breviter pedun-
culatis, quam folia brevioribus, plus minusve laxiuscule corymbiformibus ; bracteis
exiguis, triangularibus, obtusis, acutis vel acuminatis; floribus sessilibus; calycis
parte superiore quam ovarium paullo breviore eoque latiore, ore breviter 5-dentato,
tubo intus haud glandulifero; alabastro obtuso ; corollæ lobis tubum subequantibus,
tubo 3-plo longiore quam lato, juxta medium staminigero ibique piloso-hispido ;
antheris circa 3-plo longioribus quam latis, dorso vix ad } longitudinis fixis.
Hab. Viget haud procul a Corumbá, ad ripas fl. Paraguay, mens. Jan. flores
praebens. (N. 900.)
Frutex parvus, altitudinis preetermissee. Caulis ramosus, crassiusculus, sursum in sicco
(an etiam vivus?) aliquanto complanatus, nitidus, mox in longitudinem striatus;
internodia brevia, 1:0-4-0 cm. long. Folia coriaceo-membranacea, petiolis brevibus
obscure alatis 0'5 cm. long. fulta; lamina subtus decolor 3:5-10:0 cm. long. medio
1:5-3:5 em. lat., ita folia valde inzequalia ac reverá parva et majora mixta asservare
potes; costz in sicco paullo bruneo-rubre ; margines revolutæ. Panicule ad 6'0
cm. long., et deinde totidem diam., complanatæ. Bracteæ circa 0'1 cm. long.,
ciliolatæ. Flores albi. Calycis pars libera circa 0°05 cm. long. Corolla 0:43 cm.
long. ; tubus ejus 0-2 cm. long., 0°15 cm. lat. ; lobi oblongi, incurvo-acuti. Stamina
ad 0:13 cm. supra basin tubi corollæ inserta; antheræ 0:07 cm. long. Ovarium
. circa 0-08 cm. long, Bacca obovoidea, longitrorsum rugata, 0-6 cm. long., 0°4 cm. lat.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. . 351
. Mihi videtur juxta Mapouriam Burchellianam, Muell. Arg., ponenda, sed foliis diversi-
formibus, inflorescentià corymbosá, necnon punctis aliis ab illa rite secernenda.
The filaments may vary much in length in the same flower, while the anthers fluctuate
in correspondence, being sometime. -veatly reduced in size. [Bras. Or.]
MAPOURIA TOMENTELLA (sp. nov.); stipulis amplis ovato-oblongis, acutis, membranaceis ;
foliorum subsessilium laminá lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolatá, utrinque breviter
acuminata, margine repanda, firme membranaceá, supra fere glabra, subtus, pre-
sertim in nervis, arcte pubescente ; costis secundariis utroque latere 10:12 alternatim,
rarius subopposite insertis, fere rectis, sub margine subito arcuatim junctis; pani-
culá terminali foliis breviore una cum inflorescentise ramulis minute tomentellà ;
bracteis ovatis, acuminatis, bracteolis minutis ; floribus sessilibus ; calycis parte liberá
ovario «equilongá, cyathiformi, breviter 5-lobá; coroll parv: tubo lobos sub-
wquante, tubo paullo infra medium staminigero ibique dense villoso, ceteroquin
minute pubescente ; antheris 3-plo longioribus quam latis, dorso, paullo supra basin,
filamento insidentibus; stylo obsolete puberulo ; baccá ignota.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 791.)
Fruticulus $-metralis. ^ Ramuli subteretes, arcte tomentelli, mox glabri, et cortice
cinereo-striato obducti. Folia 8'0-12:0 em. long., 3:0—4^0 em. lat., in sicco nigricantia,
petioli modo 0:1-0:2 cm. long., tomentelli. Stipul: usque 0'7 cm. long. et 0:4 cm,
lat., omnino liberz, puberule, longitrorsum nervose. Pedunculus 4°5 cm. long.,
0-1 cm. diam. Inflorescentia circa 3:0 em. long. et 40 em. diam., e cymulis pluribus
parvis-patulo pedicellatis congestifloris constituta. ^ Braetez 0'3 cm. long., extus
minute pubescentes. Flores virescentes. (Calycis pars libera ampla, 0°7 em. long.,
pubescens. Corollæ tubus 0:2 cm. long., lobi lanceolato-triangulares, acuti, extus
tomentell. Stamina exserta, vix 0'1 cm. supra basin tubi corolle fixa; filamenta
vix 02 em. long.; anther 0:1 em. long. Discus pulvinatus, 0:08 em. diam.
Ovarium 077 cm. long., tomentellum
Affinis M. luride, Muell. Arg., mihi modo descriptione cognitze, et facile dignoscenda ex
indumento, stipulis haud acute acuminatis, calycis forma, corollà extus tomentellà, ejus
tubo juxta medium staminigero, ore haud villoso, ete. Ob indumentum propius ad
M. puberulinam fere accedere videtur, eujus stipulee rotundato-obtus:e, corolle tubus
ore staminigerus ibique niveo-villosus, antherse comparative breviores et stylus glaber.
[Bras. Or. |
RUDGEA VIBURNOIDES, Benth., in Linnea. xxiii. (1850) p. 458.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, menss. Oct.-Nov. florens. (Nn. 551, 646.)
Frutex ramosus, sursum foliigerus. Flores albi vel dilute lutei, odorati. (Bras. Or.
Goyaz.]
RUDGEA FRONDOsA (sp.nov.); ramulis subtetragonis, nodis tumidis, stipulis vaginanti-
connatis, rigidis, basi diu persistentibus, dorso sub apice crebro aculioligeris; foliis
majuseulis brevipetiolatis, ovato-oblongis vel oblongo-obovatis, utrinque obtusis,
apice breviter cuspidatis, basi nonnunquam cuneatis, coriaceis, glabris; costis
382 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
secundariis circa 8, distantibus angulis latis et seepe opposite vel subopposite insertis,
aperte arcuatis, ipso sub margine undulato-arcuatim junctis ; pedunculo foliis adultis
multo breviore, ejus ramulis solitariis vel bi-ternatis, plerisque di-trichotomis,
ramulis ultimis seepissime trifloris; bracteis exiguis, latis, acutis; calycis parte
superá quam ovarium circa ter breviore, breviter cyathiformi, intus eglandulosá, ore
breviter 5-lobà ; alabastris late obovoideis, corollá circa usque ad medium 5-fidá, extus
puberulá, intus infra medium tubi staminigerá ibique dense albo-villosá, tubi dimidio
superiore villoso, inferiore glabro, lobis oblongis, obtusis, apice inflexis ; antheris fere
5-plo longioribus quam latis, dorso ad 4 longitudinis fixis; disco calycis parti liberae
sequialto pulvinante ; stylo coroll:e UM subzequante, gracili.
Hab. Incolit ripas fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, mens. Oct. florens.
(N. 617.) :
Suffrutex semimetralis, ramulis satis obesis, glabris, in sicco stramineis, ad 0:3 cm. diam.
Folia usque ad 22:0 cm. long. et vix 11:0 em. lat. (mediocria 16:0 x 8'0 cm.),
in sicco, preecipue subtus, lutescenti-viridia, margine paullo cartilaginea, obsolete
undulata, supra nitida; petioli 0'7-1:7 cm. long., validi, patuli, glabri, alte canali-
culati, in sicco seepe transversim rugati ; stipule 0:25 cm. alt. Pedunculi 3:0 em.
long., 0-1 cm. crass.; panicula cirea 5'0 em. diam. Bractez vix 01 em. long.,
apice sepe minute ciliolate. Paniculæ ramuli patentes vel ascendentes, usque
ad 1°5 em. long., subobsolete puberuli, in sicco longitrorsum striatuli, superne
gradatim amplificati. Flores albi. Calyx cum ovario fere 0:2 em. long. Calyx
extus 0°5 cm. alt. ; lobi deltoidei, obtusi, puberuli. Corolla aperta vix 0'7 cm. long.
Stamina 0'1 cm. supra basin tubi coroll fixa, exserta; filamenta vix 0:35 cm.
long.; anthere vix 0'2 em. long. Discus 0'5 em. alt. Ovarium cylindraceum,
longitrorsum rugatum, obscure puberulum. Stylus vix 0:3 em. long., superne
paullo incrassatus; stigmata 0:1 em. long.
Forsan Rudgee palicourioidi, Muell. Arg. (?), affinis, cujus folia minora, inflorescentia
longius pedunculata, flores minores, calycis pars libera ovarium late obovoideum semi-
wquans, corollee extus glabre lobi ovato-lanceolati, tubus medio staminigerus, etc.
(Bras, Or.]
RUDGEA, sp. nov. Glabra, stipulis cuspidato-acuminatis, obscure aculeoligeris, 0*5 cm.
long.; foliis in eodem ramulo breviter petiolatis vel subsessilibus vel arcte amplexi-
caulibus, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, basi coarctatis vel, si amplexicaulibus,
obscure cordatis, apice cuspidatis, 8'0-12:0 cm. long., l:8—4/5 em. lat.; paniculis
terminalibus, subcorymbiformibus, quam folia brevioribus ; cymulis trifloris ; bracteis
exiguis, subulatis, acuminatis; ovario ovoideo ; calycis parte liberá urceolatá,
brevissime 5-dentata, eglandulosá ; alabastris acutis ; corollee cyaneæ nondum apertze
lobis fortasse tubum zquantibus, tubo juxta basin staminigero; stylo sursum
| inerassato; baccis haud visis.
Hab. Suffrutex parvus, semimetralis; viget in sylvis juxta ripam fl. Paraguay, inter
Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, flores mens. Dec. preebens. (N. 811.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 383
Nisi fallor, rationem iniens de longitudine comparativa corollee tubi et loborum, stirps
nostra cum, Rudgeá micrantha, Muell. Arg., conferri debet, sed aliquot ob notas ab
illà abhorret.
In the absence of fully expanded flowers I have thought it better to refrain. from
giving this plant a specific name.
DIODIA SAPONARIOIDES, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. p. 87.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N.548.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia.]
DIODIA MULTIFLORA, DC. Prod. iv. p. 564.
Hab. Herbam erectam, floribus albis, inveni prope rivulum ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec.
(N. 729.) [Bras. Or.]
Borrerta LAGURUS (sp.nov.). Herba humilis, 16:0 cm. alt., caule ascendente, sub-
simplici, herbaceo, tetraquetro, angulis acutis villosulis ; foliis anguste lineari-lanceo-
latis, villosulo-pilosis, margine antrorsum serrulato-ciliolatis, apice breviter apicu-
latis, vagina stipulari abbreviatá, apice setis circa 8 elongatis, deorsum piloso-ciliatis,
longitudine diversis coronatá ; inflorescentiis terminalibus vel axillaribus, confertis ;
ovario brevissime pedicellato, cylindraceo, piloso ; calycis lobis 4 ovario longioribus,
subzequalibus, triangulari-lanceolatis, acutis, ciliatis, imà basi connatis ; corollà
calycem paullo excedente, ultra medium in lacinias oblongo-lineares, obtusas, utrinque
villosulas divisá, tubo fere glabro; staminibus imee basi corollee tubi affixis; antheris
tubo multo brevioribus, i-plo longioribus quam latis; disci ore integro; stylo
brevissimo, disco incluso; stigmate didymo; capsulá subcylindracea, pilosulà,
membranaceà ; seminibus anguste ellipticis testà fusco-bruneà, nitidá, minutissime
e. serobieulatà obtectis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Nov. (N. 668.) .
Caulis e radice fibrosa circa 0°15 cm. diam., demum glaber; internodia usque ad 4'0 em.
long. Folia pleraque circa 2:0 em. long. et 0:5 cm. lat., rigida, trinervia, preesertim
in nervis paginze inferioris pilifera; vaginze stipularis circa 0-1 cm. alt. dentes usque
0:25 em. long., basi ampliores. Capitula circa 0'7 em. diam. Flores albi. Calyx
eum ovario vix 0'4 cm. attingens; calycis pars libera 0°25 cm. long., lobi erecti
marginibus scariosis. Corolla 0:3 cm. long. ; tubus 0:12 em. long., intus superne 7
villosulus, inferne glaber. Stamina 0:02 cm. supra basin tubi coroll inserta;
. anther circa 0:03 em. long. obtusissimse. Discus circa 0°02 em. alt. Capsula
0:2 em. long., 0°15 em. lat. paullulum didyma. Semina 0:18 em. long., 077 cm. lat.,
ventre suleata.
` Proxima B. tenui, DC., eujus indumentum diversum, folia omnino disparia, stipule
setis 1-3 instructee, inflorescentia terminalis, calycis lobi subulati, corolla ob plura
signa diversa, stylus discum superans, stigma capitatum neenon capsula globosa minor,
et semina modo 0:05 em. long. (Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
384 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
BORRERIA CUPULARIS, DC. Prod. iv. p. 543.
Hab. In ripà fl. Paraguay, juxta Santa Cruz, floret menss. Sept.-Dec, (Nn. 324,
632 a.)
Herba $-metralis. Flores albi vel pallide lavandulacei. [Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
RICHARDSONIA PILOSA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 350. (Richardia scabra, Linn.)
Hab. Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 672.)
Ab incolis Ortelan nuncupatur. [Amer. Trop.]
RICHARDSONIA GRANDIFLORA, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linneea, iii. (1828) p. 351.
Hab. Inveni ad Santa Cruz. (N. 542a.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
COMPOSIT A.
PACOURINA EDULIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. p. 800.
Hab. Crescit in paludosis juxta Corumba, mens. Jan. florens. (N. 912.)
Herba lepida, usque $-metralis. Flosculi purpurei Involucri bractezx late albo-
marginate. [Amazonia, Guiana, Columbia, Paraguaria. |
VERNONIA DESERTORUM, Mart. in DC. Prod. iv. p. 43.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada floret mens. Aug. (N. 65.) [Bras. Or.
Goyaz. |
VERNONIA REMOTIFLORA, Rich. in Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1792, p. 117, var. TRICHOLEPIS,
Baker. (V. tricholepis, DC.)
Hab. Viget ad Coimbra, mens. Feb. florens. (N. 1071.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia,
Guiana. |
VERNONIA RUBRICAULIS, Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aquin. ii. p. 66.
Hab. Inveni in rip’ fl. Paraguay prope Corumbá mens. Dec., et ad Puerto Pacheco
mens. Feb. florentem. (Nn. 1017, 1064.) (Bras. Or., Uruguaria, Argentina,
Columbia.]
VERNONIA OBOVATA, Less. in Linnea, iv. (1829) p. 279.
Hab. Crescit in graminosis inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens,
(N. 62.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia.]
VERNONIA SCABRA, Pers. Syn. ii. p. 404.
Hab. Reperi inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada florentem mens. Aug. (N. 50.)
Forma foliis oblongis vel oblongo-obovatis, basi cuneatis, margine serrulatis (4/0-5:0
cm. long., 1:5-2:0 em. lat.), capitulis parvis. [Amer. Austr. Trop. |
VERNONIA SCABRA, Pers., var. ACUMINATA, S. Moore; foliis serrulatis, acuminatis, pogue
ad 10-0 cm. long.
Hab. Crescit in angustiis itaque in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, necnon ad
Jangada, menss. Aug. et Sept. florens. (Nn. 119, 167, 265.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 385-
VERNONIA FERRUGINEA, Less. in Linnea, iv. 1829, p. 271.
Hab. Incolit angustias ad Serra da Chapada, ubi flores preebet mens. Aug. (N. 72.)
Suffrutex metralis, deorsum aphyllus, sparsim ramosus.
VERNONIA FERRUGINEA, Less., var. PLATYCEPHALA, Baker.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Bolivia. ]
STILPNOPAPPUS VIRIDIS, Benth. ex Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars ii. p. 137.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (N. 478.)
Capitula pallide purpurea. [ Amazonia, Guiana. ]
ELEPHANTOPUS SCABER, Linn, Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 814.
Hab. Mens. Aug. reperi ad Serra da Chapada. (N. 111.) [In tropicis late
diffusus. |
ELEPHANTOPUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 115.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Noy. (N. 598.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
AGERATUM CONYZOIDES, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 893.
Hab. Reperi ad Serra da Chapada. (No. 84.) [Late diffusum. ]
EUPATORIUM SQUALIDUM, DC. Prod. v. p. 142.
Hab. Floret ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. (N. 28.) |[Amer. Austr. Trop. |
EUPATORIUM VITALBAE, DC. Prod. v. p. 163.
Hab. In sylva prim:eva inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan floret mens. Sept. (N. 394.)
[Amer. Trop.]
EUPATORIUM DENTATUM, Gardn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. p. 443.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
EuPATORIUM (§ HETEROLEPIS) CUJABENSE (sp. nov.); caule erecto, ramoso, obscure
tetragono, hispido-pubescente, deinde glabro; foliis coriaceis, sessilibus vel
brevissime petiolatis, lanceolatis, obtusis, inferne sensim longe attenuatis, margine
revolutis, hinc atque illine denticulatis, seaberrimis, subtus, presertim in nervo
mediano, hispidis, utrinque eminenter reticulato-nervosis, nitidis; capitulis medio-
cribus circa 17-floris subcorymbosis, pedicellis hispido-pubescentibus fultis; invo-
lueri campanulati bracteis circa 25, exterioribus oblongis, interioribus linearibus,
obtusiusculis vel acutis, 3-4 seriatis, dorso hispidulo-pubescentibus; receptaculo
plano, nudo; pappi setis circa 20, albidis, rectis. ;
Hab. In graminosis inveni juxta Cuyabá mens. Aug. florentem. (N. 34.)
Rami brunei, ætate in longitudinem sulcati. Foliorum juga plerumque parum
inæqualia, lamina 4-5-7:5 cm. long., medio 1:3-2:0 cm. lat., ima basi usque 0:2-0:3 em.
coarctata ; costæ secundariæ 4-6, adjectis pluribus tertii ordinis, mox dichotomis et
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3E
886 MR. SPENCER. LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
arcuatim junctis, venulis laxe reticulatis ; . petioli nec ultra 0:1 em. long., hispidulo-
pubescentes. Inflorescentize usque ad 6:0 em. long. Pedunculi 5:0 em. attingentes,
tenues, hispidulo-pubescentes. Bracteze inflorescentiarum lineares vel lineari-
oblongze, inferiores 0:3-0:6 cm. long., superiores ssepe usque ad 0:2 em. imminutze.
Capitula 0°5 cm. diam. Involucri bracteze extimee 0:2 cm. long., 0:08-0:1 em. lat. ;
| «medie circa 0:4 cm. long. ; intimee 0:1 em. long. et 0:03 em. lat., heec (sc. intime)
deorsum glabrze, omnes plerumque longitrorsum 3-nerves, raro 1- vel 2-nerves, in
sicco plus minus rubescentes. Receptaculum vix 0:1 cm. diam. Corolla 0:55 em.
long., purpurea. Styli rami attenuati, vix ad 0:15 cm. exserti. Acheenia angus-
tissime linearia, 0:2 cm. long., appresse pilosula, pappo debili albido circa 0'4 em.
long. coronata.
Species verisimiliter juxta, Eupatorium serrulatum, DC., intercalanda, cujus folia
attamen disparia, et capitula’ majora, et involucri bracteæ latiores, et ach:enia longe
diversa, sc. longiora et latiora, et complanata et glabra, necnon pappi setee paucze.
[ Bras. Or.]
EUPATORIUM MEGAPHYLLUM, Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars ii. p. 322.
Hab. In angustiis reperi ad Serra da Chapada circa 300 met. supra mare, mens. Aug.
florentem. (N. 170.) | |
Caulis ascendens, bimetralis, e basi foliigerus; folia inferiora maxima (usque ad 30:0 em.
long.). Capitula alba. [Bras. Or.]
EUPATORIUM KLEINIOIDES, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 120.
Hujus reperi varietates duas insequentes, nempe :—
(a). Forma exigua monocephala, nec ultra 25:0 cm. alt., foliis pluribus sparsis,
ambitum inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada habitans, ubi mens. Aug. floret.
(N. 48.)
(b). Forma usque 30:0 cm. alt., monocephala vel dicephala, foliis rosulatis vel juxta
basin caulis confertis, capitulis quam in forma (a) aliquanto minoribus, quee eodem
loco in graminosis viget. (N. 49.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Peruvia, Columbia.]
EvuPATORIUM CONYZOIDES, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 96.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop. |
MIKANIA OFFICINALIS, Mart. in Isis, 1824, p. 587.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores albos prebet mens. Nov. (N. 583.) [ Bras. Or.,
Goyaz.]
MIKANIA CORDIFOLIA, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1746.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
EGLETES viscosa, Less. Syn. Comp. p. 252.
Hab. ln ripis fluvii prope Santa Cruz mens. Oct. floret. (N. 477.) [Amer. Trop.
Austr.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 387
CONYZA CAPILLIPES (sp. nov.). Erecta, caule subtereti, piloso-hispidulo; foliis sessilibus,
anguste linearibus, obtusis vel acutiusculis, appresse puberulis; capitulis parvis,
apicem versus ramulorum parum confertis, subracemiformi-paniculatis, pedicellis
tenuibus insidentibus; involucri campanulati bracteis anguste linearibus, acutis ;
floribus centralibus hermaphroditis paucis, pappo stramineo.
Hab. Crescit in ripis fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec. florens.
(N. 827.)
Herba elata, ultrametralis. Caulis 0'3 cm. diam., striatus, deinde subglaber. Folia
pleraque 1:5-2:0 cm. long., modo 0:1-0:2 cm. lat, membranacea, ascendentia,
l-nervia. Inflorescentize 40-100 em. long., usque ad 3:0 em. diam. ; earum bracteæ
foliis similes nisi minores. Capitulorum pedicelli usque 1:0 cm. long., ascendentes
vel patuli, piloso-pubescentes. Capitula demum 0:7 cm. diam. Involucri bractez
3-seriatee, exteriores 0°15 cm. long., interiores 0'4 cm. attingentes; omnes bruneæ,
breviter piloso-pubescentes, intimze fere glabre. Flores hermaphroditi centrales
circa 9, pappum subeequantes. Corolle limbi lobi lanceolati, acuti. Achænia
linearia, complanata, puberula, 0-1 cm. long., pappo stramineo e setis ipsa quater
long. :quantibus constituto coronata.
Sine dubio eum C. triplinervia, Less., componenda, eujus capitula sat paria, sed folia
omnino diversa, et inflorescentia, e capitulis confertis constituta, corymbiformis nec sub-
racemiformi-paniculata. Itaque ejus involucri bractee glabrw, flores — ea
centrales modo 3-6, etc. [Bras. Or.]
BACCHARIS SERRULATA, Pers. Syn. ii. p. 423.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens. (N.1004.) [Bras. Or., Uruguaria,
Argentina, Chili. |
BACCHARIS TRIDENTATA, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 98.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz, mens. Oct. florens. (N. 409.) [Bras. Or., Paraguaria.] .
IcHTHYOTHERE OVATA (sp. noy.); caulis humilis e rhizomate crasso ascendente simplici
vel parce ramoso, hispido-pubescente, mox piloso; foliis parvis sessilibus, brevissime
amplexicaulibus, obovatis vel oblongo-obovatis, obtusis, basi 5-nervibus, utrinque
breviter hispidulo-puberulis; capitulis paucis, plerumque 2-3 ad apicem caulis
confertis, nunc solitariis; involucri bracteis extimis dorso hispidulo-scabridis,
interioribus fere glabris; receptaculi paleis muc idm vel lanceolato-oblongis, obtusis,
superne eroso- ciliatis. :
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. florescit.
N. 192.
UE Mee nec uitra 19:0 cm. alt. luchas 0:6-0:8 cm. dun. in sicco bruneum.
Caulis szepe plus minus stipati, saltem basi quadrangularis, plane striati, 0 2 em.
diam. ; nodi inferiores squamis membranaceis parvis vaginanti-connatis, longitrorsum
; nervosis, sursum gradatim im folia transeuntibus ornati. - Folia nunquam 2:5 cm.
long. excedentia,. pleraque circa. 1:5 em., 0:8-1:5 em. lat.,firme membranacea; costae
9E2
388 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
laterales subobsoletee; coste intermediz late mox dichotomee, coste centrali
parallele. Capitula brevissime pedicellata, foliis floralibus folia vegetativa sub-
sequantibus suffulta, quodvis circa 0°6 cm. diam. Involucri globosi bractew
exteriores late ovate, 0'6 cm. long. 0:4 cm. lat., longitrorsum nervose. Recep-
taculum anguste oblongum, sursum paullulum coarctatum, vix 0°5 cm. alt,
0:08 em. diam. Palez 0:3-0:4 cm. long., plane 1-3-nerves, deorsum marginibus
calvis. Corolle albidze, 0:25 cm. long., sursum pilis minutis glandulosis instructe.
Stylus hirsutus.
Non dubito quin ad Ichthyotheren integrifoliam, Baker, spectet, certe dispar attamen
primo obtutu foliis exiguis ovatis. Accedit quod, inter alia, planta nostra corollz forma
et. indumento diverso et stylo hirsuto nec mere glanduloso gaudet. [Bras. Or. |
ACANTHOSPERMUM XANTHOIDES, DC. Prod. v. p. 521.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz menss. Nov.-Dec. floret. (N. 761.) [America, a Florida usque
ad Uruguariam et Argentinam.)
ECLIPTA ALBA, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 528.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Sept. (N.329.) [In regg. calid. late disseminata. |
"WULEFFIA STENOGLOSSA, DC. Prod. v. p. 563.
Hab. Reperi inter Villa Maria et Corumbá mens. Dec. vigentem. (N. 1011.)
[Amer. Austr., Ind. Occ.]
Hue non sine dubio refero specimen miserum (N.1074) ad Coimbrá mens. Feb. lectum,
foliis parvis, subtus hirsutulo-pubescentibus, et involucri phyllis quam in typo
majoribus.
SPILANTHES URENS, Jacq. Sel. Stirp. Amer. p. 214.
Hab. Reperi inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, necnon ad Santa Cruz. (Nn. 45, 670.)
[ Amer. Trop.]
TRICHOSPIRA MENTHOIDES, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iv. p. 27.
-Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, necnon in ripa fl. Brasinho, menss. Oct.-Dec. florens.
(Nn. 429, 503, 798.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela, Chili. |
BIDENS BIPINNATA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 832.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 581) [Late diffusa.]
POROPHYLLLUM RUDERALE, Cass. in Dict. Sc. Nat. xliii. p. 56.
Hab. In ripà fl. Paraguay juxta Corumbá florebat mens. Dec. (N.999a.) [Amer.
"Trop. et Subtrop.]
| POROPHYLLUM LINEARE, DC. Prod. v. p. 649.
Hab. Crescit ad Coimbra et ad Puerto Pacheco, ubi mens. Feb. flores praebuit. (Nn.
1059, 1063 a.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Paraguaria, Argentina, Uruguaria.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 389
Pectis ($ PEcTIDOPSIS) JANGADENSIS (sp. nov.). Pusilla, annua, caulibus brevibus, erebre
ramosis, tenuibus ; foliis sparsis, nequaquam rosulatis, anguste linearibus ; capitulis
parvis, longipedunculatis ; pedunculis squamis parvis distantibus munitis, circa 10-
floris; involueri campanulati bracteis 4—5, disco brevioribus; pappi setis 2 vel 0,
squamellis minutis intermixtis.
Hab. Crescit in loco arenoso tempore pluviorum inundato ad Jangada, ubi mens. Sept.
floret. (N. 250.) |
Herba diffusa nec ultra 8:0 cm. alt., ramulis crebris, patulis, foliatis. Radix tenuiter
fibrosa, sparsissime radicellifera, saltem in sicco undulata. Caulis nee ultra 0:05
em. diam., tetragonus, purpureus. Folia usque ad 1*0 em. long., plerumque 0:5-0-7
cm., raro vix usque ad 0:2 em. lat., plerumque circa 01 cm., acuta, juxta margines
glandulosa, deorsum setoso-ciliata, firma. Pedunculi gracillimi, usque ad 3:0 cm.
long., plerique 1:5-2:0 cm., squamze eorum 1-3, lanceolatee vel subulatee, acumi-
nate, nec ultra 0:07 cm. attingentes. Capitula 0:3 em. diam. — Involueri bracte:e
lanceolato-oblong:e, acute, dorso carinatee, obsolete glandulos:s, 0:4 em. long., 01
cm. lat. Ligule circa 5, vix 0:3 em. long., supra luteæ, dorso rubree. Disci corollæ
0:15 em. long.; ejus lobi deltoidei, obtusissimi. ^ Ach:enia angustissime linearia,
sursum paullulum et sensim ampliata, leviter compressiuscula, longitrorsum costu-
lata, puberula, atrata, 0°25 cm. long. Pappi set: debiles, paullo divergentes,
scabriusculze, 0:15 cm. long.
Planta cum nullà Brasiliensi hucusque cognitá conferenda, nobis videtur ad P. fili-
pedem, A. Gray, stirpem Mexicanam, spectare, sed certe haud conspecifica ob coroll:
minoris inapertze non acute lobos altius connatos, et preesertim, inter alia, achenia et
pappum longe diversum. A P. jaliscana, Hook. et Arn., etiam Reipublice Mexican:e
incola, distat, preter alia, statura humiliori, involucri bracteis obsolete nec conspicue
elandulosis, corollze lobis comparate latis et obtusissimis, achzenio longiore ac crassiore
pappo paullo breviore coronato. | Mexico. |
Up till now no Pectis belonging to the section Pectidopsis has been reported from
Brazil. These little plants are very liable to be overlooked owing to their small size, and
I should not have secured my specimens but for the chance of being attracted to the
abundant but lowly vegetation growing at one particular spot close to Jangada village.
The same spot yielded Oxypetalum clavigerum and Asclepias jangadensis, both new
species.
CHUQUIRAGA CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov.); caule erecto, ramulis ascendentibus, basi inter-
dum breviter bispinosis, ramoso, subtereti, glabro, irregulariter striato; foliis ses-
silibus, ovato-oblongis ovatisve, acutis vel obtusis, raro obtusissimis, basi obtusis,
5-nervibus, coriaceis, utrinque appresse pilosis vel omnino glabris; capitulis majus-
culis, paucis, confertis vel subconfertis, sessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis, circa
50-floris; involucri campanulati bracteis extimis late ovatis, obtusissimis, bruneis,
"nitentibus, glabris vel puberulis, erosis, ciliolatis; pappi setis quam ach:enia fere
3-plo longiora.
390 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada alt. 600 met. supra mare, mens. Aug. florens.
(N. 160.)
Fruticulus robustus, 2-metralis. Ramuli subteretes, cortice cinereo, crebre lenticelligero,
mox obducti, usque ad 0:5 cm. diam. Spin:e axillares plerzeque 0:4-0:6 cm. long.,
acuminate, plerumque rect. Folia pleraque 5:5-7:0 cm. long, 2:5-3:0 cm. lat.;
costze exteriores tenues; venul:e laxe reticulatee, utrinque eminentes. Pedunculi ad
15 cm. long, glabri. Capitula vix 25 cm. long. et 2:0 cm. diam. Involucri
bracteze pluriseriatze, extime 0:4 cm. long.; medic 1:0 cm. long. et 0:6 em. lat.;
intimee usque 2:5 cm. elongate et modo 0:25 cm. lat. et revera hæ dorso lanatz,
‘omnes intus glabree, polite. Corolla alba, paullo ultra 2°0 cm. long., ejus tubus
glaber, tenuis, et limbi lobi apice villosi. Achzenia 0:6 cm. long., appresse albo-
villosa. Pappi 17 cm. long. setæ sordide albid:e, plumosze.
FRED Sprengeliane, Baker, et C. Doniane, Baker, proxima. Illa vero bracteis
involucri minoribus et acutis necnon pappo comparate breviore gaudet; hujus bractew
involueri ut in C. Sprengeliand, et pappus elongatus achenium 4-plo excedit. [Bras. Or.]
CHUQUIRAGA RETINENS (sp. nov.); caule tereti, molliter tomentoso, hinc atque illinc
spinis breviusculis recurvis basi tomentosis munito; foliis brevipetiolatis, oblongo-
ovatis, acutis, nec spinoso-mucronatis, basin versus coarctatis, trinervibus, tenuiter
coriaceis, supra longe et appresse pilosis, fere villosulis, subtus molliter tomentosis ;
capitulis parvis pluribus confertis vel subconfertis, pedunculis et pedicellis velutinis
incidentibus circa 15-floris; involucri infundibularis bracteis lanceolatis, extimis
apice breviter spinoso-aristulatis, omnibus villosulo-tomentosis; pappi setis quam
acheenium 3-plo longioribus.
Hab. Crescit in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada cirea 300 met. alt. supra mare
(N. 198.)
Suffrutex metralis, sursum foliigerus. Ramuli teretes, tomento cinereo-velutino obtecti,
0:2-0:8 em. long. Spinz 0:5 em. long., subteretes, acutatee, leviter arcuate. Folia
6:0 em. long., 3:0-3:3 cm. lat., supra pallidissime nitentia, subtus decoloria; venulze
laxe reticulate. ^ Capitulorum glomerule plerumque 2°5-4:0 cm. diam. Capitula
vix 05 cm. diam. Involueri bracteæ extime 0'2 em. long.; medie ad 0'4 cm.
long. et 0:15 cm. lat. aucte; intime lineari-lanceolate, acute, 0'6 cm. long., 0:12
em. lat. Corolla alba, 0'5 em. long. glabra, ejus lobi apice breviter pilosuli.
Achenia 0:2 em. long.; pappi sete 0:6 cm. long.
Cum C. vagante, Baker, comparanda, abs qua abhorret primo obtutu, inter plura alia,
foliis nec spinoso-mucronatis et capitulis minoribus arctius congestis. [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz.]
CHAPTALIA INTEGRIFOLIA, Baker, in Mart. Fl, Bras. vii. pars iii. p. 377.
Hab. Reperi ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florentem. (Nn. 124, 178.) [Amer.
: Trop. et Subtrop.]. |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 391
TRIXIS OPHIORRHIZA, Gardn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. p. 461.
Hab. Floret ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (N. 120.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
LOBELIACE.
CENTROPOGON SURINAMENSIS, Presl, Prod. Monog. Lob. p. 48.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, Aug. florens. (N. 157.) [Amer. Trop.]
SIPHOCAMPYLUS CORYMBIFERUS, Pohl, Pl. Bras. Ic. ii. p. 112.
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada reperi mens. Aug. flores prebentem. (N. 195.)
MYRSINEJE.
CYBIANTHUS ($ EUCYBIANTHUS) COLLINUS (sp. nov.); innovationibus arcte rubiginoso-
tomentosis, foliis anguste obovato-oblanceolatis, basi longe et sensim cuneatis,
apice brevissime acuminatis, pergamenis, supra pallidissime nitidis, subtus decolori-
bus, crebre minute glanduloso-punctatis; costa media subtus maxime eminente,
supra plana vel leviter impressa, deorsum breviter canaliculata, costis secundariis
utrovis latere circa 8 (adjectis pluribus tertii ordinis sepe fere horizontalibus) angulis
latis insertis, marginem versus valde arcuatis, racemis speciminis unici mihi obvii
plus minus extra-axillaribus, nunquam vere axillaribus; floribus brevissime pedi-
cellatis, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis pedicellos multo excedentibus; calycis lobis
F ovatis obtusis filamentis usque medium corollæ loborum adnatis, stylo incrassato
sursum gradatim attenuato.
Hab. Tncolit cacumen montium Serra da Chapada prope Santa Anna da Chapada, mens.
Aug. florens. (N. 94.) |
Frutex altus, deorsum aphyllus. Ramuli subteretes usque ad 0'4 cm. diam., primum
ferrugineo-tomentosi, cito glabri et cortice griseo-bruneo striatulo sales Folia
matura 18:0-22:0 cm. long. (minora vero occurrunt), paullo infra apicem 5:b-vix
7:0 em. lat., basi seepe inzequilatera ad 0:2 cm. angustata, in sicco griseo-virescentia,
nequaquam nigricantia, subtus pallidiora. Racemi 7:0-5'0 em. long., vix ad 01 cm.
diam., ascendentes, lepidoto-pubescentes, intervallis plerumque 0:2-0'4 cm. long.,
florigeri. Bracteæ acutate, lepidote, circa 0'2 cm. long. Pedicelli 0'1 cm. long.,
0:8 em. crass., basi annulatim incrassati. Flores lutescenti-virides, 0°3 cm. diam.,
semper stricte racemosi calycis lobi 4, 0'1 cm. long. et lat., aliquatenus impares.
Corolle fere usque basin partite tubo intus puberulo, lobi 4 vel 5, oblongo-ovati,
obtusi, circa 0°17 long., aliquanto recurvi. Filamenta 0'1 cm. infra apicem loborum
insertie ; antherze late elliptieze, 0:03 cm. long. Ovarium ovoideum, 0:05 cm. diam.,
stylo sequilongo coronatum. Stigma plane bilobum. Fructus ignotus.
Ni fallor, species juxta C. nitidum, Miq., interponenda, sed certe diversa, pr:eter alia,
foliis disparibus in sicco haud nigricantibus, racemis semper exaxillaribus, calycis
lobis diversis, corollz lobis longioribus filamentisque iis altius adnatis, itaque stylo
incrassato. [Amazonia.]
392 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
SAPOTACEZ.
LUCUMA RAMIFLORA, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 168 (ex icon. et descript.).
Arbuscula circa 4-metralis, ramulis ultimis solummodo foliatis; ramuli ultimi insigniter
geniculati, dense corticati, flores virides. | Bras. Or.]
Hab. Viget ad Serra da Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. florescit. (N. 161.)
Planta a typo, mihi descriptione et icone solummodo cognito, divergens preesertim ob
folia conferta et florum fasciculos diffusos nec stricte axillares.
In other details there is so close a resemblance between my specimens and the figure
and description of Miquel, that 1 cannot help thinking the comparatively unimportant
divergences from the type to be individual peculiarities.
LOGANIACEA.
STRYCHNOS ($ BREVIFLORJE) MATTOGROSSENSIS (sp. nov.). Frutex scandens, strictirameus,
ramulis crebris patentissimis, gracilibus, copiose foliatis, pubescentibus puberulisve,
cito glabris, spinis sparsis brevibus vel elongatis rectis vel solemniter paullo recurvis,
cirrhis rarissimis bifidis ; foliis parvis, membranaceis, petiolatis, ovatis, acuminatis,
basi rotundatis vel plerumque rotundato-obtusis, rarius acutis, imá basi vel paullo
supra basin triplinervibus, glabris; cymis quam folia brevioribus, terminalibus, pluri-
floris, in glomerulas parvas sublaxas dispositis, pubescentibus, glabratis; floribus
breviter pedicellatis pentameris ; calyce fere usque ad basin diviso, lobis lanceolatis,
acuminatis ; corollà albà usque $ in lobos oblongos obtusos, intus medio longe villosos
divisà; antheris breviter exsertis, ovatis, apice obtusis vel brevissime mucronulatis.
-Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (N. 675.)
Frutex ramis primariis elongatis, ramis secundi ordinis abbreviatis. Rami teretes, glabri,
cortice griseo abundanter lenticellifero cincti, circa 0:5 cm. long. Ramuli plerique
abbreviati, angulis latis seepe recto vel fere recto inserti, tenues, circa 0:1-0:2 cm.
diam. Spin: raro usque ad 25 cm. long. basi 0:2 cm. diam., seepissime vero
breviores, apice acuminate, glabrz, opposite et æquimagnæ, vel solitarise ramulo
oppositze, interdum oppositee, sed maxime insequales. — Cirrhi usque ad 6:0 em. long.,
tenues, glabri, sursum ineurvi (an unquam visi amplectentes ?), nonnunquam inter
ramulos et cirrhos ambigentes. Foliorum lamins plerzeque 3:0-5:0 em. long., 2:0—
3°5 cm. lat., minime sepe cum normalibus intermixtee, basi sepe paullulum oblique,,
supra obscure nitide, plus minus nigricantes, subtus virides ; costee laterales sursum.
undulato-arcuatz, costa inframarginalis prope basin conspicua; venulæ laxe reti-
culate; petioli 0:3-0:5 em. long., tenues, puberuli. ^ Cym:e pedunculis brevibus
nec ultra 0°8 cm. long. (sspe brevioribus) fultee, 1:5-20 cm. diam.; ramuli
patentes, bracteis linearibus vel lanceolatis 0'1-0:2 cm. long. instructi; bracteolæ
lanceolatz, acuminate, calycem subzequantes. Flores odorati vix 0:2 cm. diam.
Calyx vix 1:5 em. long., usque 2 divisus. Corolla 0*2 cm. long.; tubus vix 0:07 cm.
long. Filamenta ad 0:03 cm. exserta ; antherze 0:06 em. long.; loculi basi conspicue
divergentes. Ovarium glabrum, subglobosum ; stylus diaiiftibeituk ovario tequilongus-
Bacca ignota.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 393
Species Strychno nigricanti, Prog., arcte affinis, sed certe non conspecifica, a calyce
fere usque ad basin divisá (nec vix usque ad medium), corollze lobis tubo duplo longi-
oribus (nec ei zequilongis), staminibus exsertis, antheris ovatis, loculis basi divergentibus
(nec oblongis, loculis basi parallelis), ovario subgloboso nec ovoideo differens. Flores
insuper stirpis nostre albi, nec virides.
Hujus inveni eodem loco mens. Nov. (n. 569) varietatem insequentem :—
Var. SARMENTOSA, nob. Haud scandens, ramosissima, spinis orba (an semper ?).
This variety is merely the mon-scandent form of the species. In this state the plant
crows isolated, in the form of a shrub with exceedingly copious branching; but none of
my specimens show either spines or tendrils, and moreover the internodes are shorter
than is the case with the type. S. nigricans, Prog. I know only from the excellent
figure and description in the volume of Martius. [Bras. Or. |
STRYCHNOS, sp. nov.(?). Frutex altus, forsan ex affinitate S. smilacine, Benth., uncis
magnis maxime incrassatis scandens. Folia magna, brevipetiolata, ovato-lanceolata,
acuta vel obtusiuscula, interdum leviter cuspidata, basi attenuata, trinervia, glabra,
coriacea, supra nitida, subtus decoloria, usque ad 16:0 em. long. et 7:0 em. lat.
Bacca magnitudine pruni, sphzeroidea, polita, oligosperma. Semina nummularià
medio levissime elevata, vix circularia, diam. altero 1:7 cm., altero 1:5 cm., testá
membranaceá bruneá obducta. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Inveni fl. Santa Anna imminentem mens. Oct. (N. 574.)
SPIGELIA HUMBOLDTIANA, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnzea, i. p. 200.
Hab. Crescit in sylvA primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, mens. Sept. florens.
(N. 374.) [Amer. Trop.]
APOCYNACE.
RAUWOLFIA MOLLIS (sp. nov.); caule erecto, ramoso, subtereti, albide tomentello ; foliis.
brevipetiolatis, ovatis, utrinque attenuatis, apice acutis, interdum breviter cuspidatis,
membranaceis, presertim pag. inf. molliter incano-pubescentibus; petiolis pauci-
glandulosis; cymulis paucifloris, micranthis, 1 vel 2 bi-tri-chotomis, tomentellis ;
pedunculis petiolos pluries excedentibus; pedicellis florum apertorum calycem bene
excedentibus ; calycis pubescentis lobis ovatis, acutis, ciliatis; corollá calycem plus.
quam 2-plo excedente extus glabrá, lobis lineari-oblongis, late truncatis, margine
ciliatis, tubo obeso circa 2-plo brevioribus; staminibus prope sinus coroll affixis ;
antheris brevissime exsertis; disco gynophoro «equilongo integro; ovario discum
3-plo excedente globoso, sspe alte bilobo; stylo et stigmate generis; drupá sub-
ovoideá, aliquanto compressá, plerumque satis alte biloba, lobis acutis.
Hab. Ad Corumbá inveni mens. Jan. flores et fructus simul ostendentem. (N. 950.)
Frutex, altitudine pretermissà. ^ Ramuli ascendentes, graciles, crebre foliati, dein glabri
et fusci, lenticellis albidis sparsis rotundis vel ellipticis inspersi. Folia verticillata,
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3r
394 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
raro bina, plerumque inæqualia, se. folium tertium quam alia minus; lamina
20-50 cm. long., 1:0-3'0 em. lat., margine leviter undulata, supra viridis, subtus
albida; costee secundariæ 5-8 alternatim insertæ, sensim arcuate ; petioli non ultra
0:2 em. long., tomentelli, glandulis paucis stramineis usque ad 0:03 cm. long. onusti.
Pedunculi 1:0-1:5 cm. long. ; pedunculi secundi ordinis patuli, plerumque circa 0'5-
0:8 cm. long. Bracteæ exiguæ, extus pubescentes, usque ad 0:08 cm. long. Cymulæ
tempore florendi + 1:0 cm. diam., 3-12-florze, raro uniflore. Pedicelli 0°5 cm. long.,
patuli. Flos totus vix 0'3 cm. long., virescens. Calyx fere 0'15 cm. long., usque
ad medium divisus. Corolle tubus 0:23 cm. long., vix 01 cm. lat., intus superne
villosus; lobi intus villosi. Antheræ triangulares, sursum attenuatæ, 0°05 cm. long.,
apicibus solummodo exsertis. Drupa viva coccinea, in sicco brunea, 0:5 em. long.,
vix totidem diam., lobi plerumque usque 0'15 cm. long.
Rauwolfie canescenti, Linn., proxima, cujus folia minus mollia, calycis lobi latiores,
corollze lobi breviores, antherze majores, ovarium parvum discum duplo excedens, necnon
drupa integra vel summum brevissime et obtuse biloba. Accedit itaque ad KR. Blanchetii,
A. DC., sed inter pluria alia folia stirpis mei longe disparia, cymule patule, calyx et
corolla diversi, et bacce quam plurimum brevissime bilobe. [ Bras. Or., Venezuela, Nov.
Granat., Ind. Occ. ]
"THEVETIA BICORNUTA, Muell. Arg. in Linneea, xxx. p. 392. (T. paraguayensis, Britton,
in Ann. New York Acad. Sc. vii. p. 158.)
Caulis erectus, nonnunquam ultrametralis. Flores decori, lutei. Bacca (ad Coimbra
solummodo visa) magnitudine pruni, flavo-brunea, leevis.
-Hab. Crescit in paludosis prope Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens, itaque in graminosis ad
ripas fl. Paraguay juxta Coimbra flores et fructus fert mens. Feb. (Nn. 950 a, 1070 a.)
[ Paraguaria. |
To this species, of which authentic material does not exist in England, undoubtedly
belong specimens recently collected by Mr. Graham Kerr on the Pilcomayo River and
named by Mr. N. E. Brown, to whom and to Mr. Jackson’s invaluable ‘ Index’ I am
indebted for the reference to Mueller’s paper. Dr. Morong also brought back the same
handsome plant from the Pilcomayo.
The original collector of this plant was the late Dr. Weddell, since whose time it was
not collected until the Pilcomayo explorers came upon it. There is some doubt where
Weddell actually gathered his specimens. In his time the Brazilian frontier did not
extend south of Coimbra, and inasmuch as he spent sixteen days in botanizing at Olympo,
in the territory now disputed between Paraguay and Bolivia, it is most probable that
he there found the plant now under notice. His party may well, however, have camped
for the night upon the eastern side of the river, now, as far as the Rio Apa, in Brazilian
hands, or indeed he might have secured the plant at some spot between Coimbra and the
small Rio Branco, at the junction of which with the Rio Paraguay stands the boundary-
mark erected by the Brazilio-Bolivian Boundary Commission. In either event the
locality would nowadays be a Brazilian one. The extension in the range of this species to
Corumbá is interesting. |
|
vu
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. | B95
TABERNEZ MONTANA HIRTULA, Mart. ex Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars i. p. 73.
Hab. Inveni in fruticetis ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept, necnon in paludosis juxta
Corumbá mens. Jan. (Nn. 304, 966.) [Amazonia, Venezuela. |
TABERNZ MONTANA OBLONGIFOLIA, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 368.
Fruticulus erectus, metralis, superne ramosus ibique tantummodo foliosus. Folia quam
in typo minora, scilicet 5:0-8'5 cm. long. et 2:0-3:5 cm. lat., et cum iis stirpis
a cl. Glaziou lectze (n. 14,068), quee cl. Mez ad hane speciem ascribit, optime
congruentia.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. (N. 289.) [Bras. Or., Guiana. |
The flowers of these Tabernsemontanas smell exactly like new-mown hay. I suppose
coumarin to be the perfume exhaled by them.
SECONDATIA DENSIFLORA, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 145.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz menss. Nov.-Dec. (Nn. 368, 734.) (Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Amazonia. |
PnEsTONIA ($ Hamaprioryon) Evansi (sp. nov.); ramulis volubilibus, puberulis vel
glabris, juxta nodos pubescentibus; foliis majusculis, brevipetiolatis, plerumque
plus minus insquilateralibus, late ovatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis, nonnunquam
breviter bilobis aut certe emarginatis, basi rotundatis ibique paullo obliquis,
papyraceis, subtus puberulis; cincinnis axillaribus, pedunculatis, quam folia
insigniter brevioribus, plurifloris ; bracteis ovatis, acuminatis, pedicellis multo brevi-
oribus; calycis ampli fere usque ad basin 5-partiti lobis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis,
aliquanto inequalibus, extus pubescentibus vel puberulis, corolla tubum sub-
sequantibus; corolle extus glabree tubo sub limbo parum attenuato, lobos obovatos
obtusos 2-plo excedente, intus faucibus annulo calloso instructis; squamis corolle
linguiformibus annulum haud excedentibus, antheris $ alt. a basi insertis glabris
inclusis, sc. annulum haud excedentibus; disci glandulis ovarium glabrum
brevissime excedentibus.
Hab. Viget ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec. florens.
(N. S19.)
Ramuli 0:3-0:4 em. diam., torti, in sicco dilute luteo-brunei. Foliorum lamina usque
15:0 em. long. 10:0 em. lat., sed ssepe minor (e. g. 11:0-7:0 em.), supra nitida,
subtus pallidior, in sieco lutescenti-viridis; costa media supra impressa, subtus
valde eminens; costs secundariz utrinque 6-7 distantes, raro subopposite inserts,
plus minus aperte fornicate, sub margine undulatim juncte; venis conspicuis,
laxe reticulatis. Pedunculi 2:0—3:5 cm. long., circa 0:25 cm. diam., rigidi, una cum
ramulis sparsim lenticelliferi. Cincinni axis usque ad 2:0 cm. long. (plerumque
vero +1:0 em.) obesus (circa 0'3 em. diam.), bracteis crebris 0:2-0:3 cm. long.
onustus. Pedicelli 0:5-1:0 em. long., pubescentes, Flores dilute virides. Calyx
totus 1:3 em. long., laciniz 1:1 em. long. 0:25-0:35 cm. lat., utraque basi intus
squamá late ovatá, apice incisá, sepe plus minus alte biloba, circa 0:1 em. long.
3F 2
396 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
. instructa. Corolle tubus 1:5 cm. long. et 0:3 cm. lat. intus prope fauces villosulus,
ceteroquin glaber, annulus 0:06 em. lat.; squame 0°15 cm. long., 0:05 cm. lat.,
ad annulum attingentes, aut paullo breviores; limbi circa 2:0 cm. diam. lobi vix
0:8 em. long. patuli. Filamenta basi pubescentia. Anthere circa 0'4 cm. long.
Discus paullo ultra 0:1 cm. alt. Stylus ultra 1:0 cm. long., juxta apicem rugatus.
Inter species Brasilienses accedit ad Prestoniam Gaudichaudii (Hemadictyon Gaudi-
chaudii, A. DC.), cujus folia disparia, nempe insigniter angustiora, pedunculi longiores,
calyce et corolla minores, etc. [Bras. Or., Amazonia. |
ANISOLOBUS ZUCCARINIANUS, Miers, Apoc. S. Amer. p. 171. (4. hebecarpus, Muell.
Arg., var. erectus.)
Hab. Crescit ad Cuyabá, ubi mens. Aug. floret. (N. 40.) [Bras. Or.]
The leaves of my plant are smaller than those of the type, and the disk is somewhat
shorter, but I have no doubt about the identification, particularly as the type has been
found at Cuyabá.
Ecurres ($ MESECHITES) SANCTA-CRUCIS (sp. nov.); ramulis tenuibus, puberulis; foliis
distantibus breviter ac tenuiter petiolatis, ovato-oblongis, raro ovatis, cuspidatis
vel breviter cuspidato-mucronatis, deorsum paullo attenuatis, et reverá basi rotun-
datis vel brevissime cordatis, nonnunquam acutatis, tenuiter coriaceis, subobsolete
puberulis; pedunculis quam folia brevioribus, rigidis, ascendentibus, puberulis;
bostrycibus abbreviatis, simplicibus vel bifidis, congestifloris, crebre bracteatis,
puberulis ; bracteis exiguis, ovatis vel rotundatis, obtusis, extus puberulis; floribus
longiuscule pedicellatis; pedicellis arrectis, puberulis; calycis puberuli pedicellis
circa 2-plo brevioris lobis ovatis, obtusis vel subacutis ; corolla tubo extus puberulo,
medio constricto, utrinque ampliato, paullo supra medium staminigero, lobis
cordatis acutiusculis a tubo 4-plo superatis; disci glandulis elongatis, subliberis,
ovario brevioribus ; ovario elongato.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Nov. (N. 604.)
Ramuli teretes, 01-015 cm. diam., intervallis plerumque 5:0-14-0 em. foliigeri. Folia
pleraque 6:5-8'0 em. long. et 2:5-3:5 (raro 2:0 vel 4-5) em. lat., supra nitida, subtus
pallida; costæ secundariz utrinque 5-7, distantes, alternatim raro opposite vel sub-
opposite insertze, plus minus undulatim arcuate ; petioli circa 1:0 em. long., patentes,
puberuli. Pedunculi 1:0-2:0 em. long., 01 cm. diam. Bostryces plerumque 10-25-
florze, nec ultra 0'8 em. long. et 0-2em. lat. Bracteæ usque ad 0-1 cm. long., margine
ciliate. Pedicelli usque ad 1-0 em. long. Calyx 0:4 em. long., ad medium partitus,
intus basi squamis late ovatis, apice erosis, plerumque alte bifidis, 0:06 cm. long.
auctus. Corolla pæne 2:0 em. long., viridis; tubus 17 em. long, basi 0:3 em. lat. ;
limbus 0:5 em. diam. Disci lobi 0:18 em. long., late lineares, obtusissimi, carnosuli.
Ovarium 0:25 cm. long. ssepe inequilaterale, puberulum. Follicula maxime
immatura, apice solummodo connata, puberula.
Certe ad E. trifidam, Jacq. (Mesechitem trifidam, Muell. Arg.) spectat, sed ob
indumentum, flores minores, ovarium et discum multo majores et reverá illud hunc
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 397
bene excedens, preeter alia, nullo negotio distinguenda. [Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela,
Ind. Occ.]
RHODOCALYX ROTUNDIFOLIUS, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars i. p. 173.
Hab. Juxta Santa Cruz menss. Oct. et Nov. flores theobrominos profert. (N. 460.)
Rhizoma siccum, ultra 1:0 em. crass., longitrorsum sulcatum, pallide bruneum; ob
ejusdem decocti proprium purgans ab incolis in loco medicamenti «estimatione dignandi
habetur. [Bras. Or., Bolivia.]
RHABDADENIA Pont1t, Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pars i. p. 174.
Hab. Incolit paludosos ad Carandajinho, inter Corumbá et Dorados ; occurrit itaque
ad Corumbá fl. mens. Jan. (Nn. 1007, 1044.) [Bras. Or.]
ASCLEPIADEA.
OXYPETALUM ($ LYRODUS) CLAVIGERUM (sp. nov.); caudice ignoto, caule recto, terete,
molliter villosulo-tomentoso; foliis brevipetiolatis, angustis, lineari-lanceolatis, breviter
acuminatis, mucronatis, basi truncato-rotundatis, utrinque (prsecipue subtus)
molliter tomentellis; pedunculis folii dimidium fere :equantibus erectis, villosulo-
tomentosis ; capitulis paucifloris ; floribus brevissime pedicellatis, mediocribus ;
calycis hirsutuli segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, corolle tubum paullo superantibus ;
corollee tubo extus hirsutulo ; limbi lobis lanceolatis, obtusis; coron: phyllis exsertis,
ovatis, usque ad medium bilobis; lobis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis; acumine stylari
coronse phylla superante clavellato, apice breviter bilobo.
Hab. Ad Jangada floret mens. Sept. (N. 287.)
Caulis ex schedis meis circa 20:0 cm. alt., vix 0'2 cm. diam.; internodia 2:5-3:0 cm.
long. Folia 2:5-3:5 em. long. 0'7-1:0 em. lat., firma; petioli 0'4 cm. long.,
villosulo-tomentosi. Pedunculi paullo ultra 1:0 em. long. Capitula depresse sphe-
roidea, vix 1:5 cm. diam., circiter 8-flora. Calyx 0'4 em. long.; glandule, in
seriebus segmentorum sursum sitee, paucæ (circa 3). Corolle tubus 0'3 cm.
attingens; lobi 0:4 cm. long., extus hirsutuli. Coronz phylla 0:35 em. long., vix
0-2 em. lat. Stylus 0:25 em. long., 0:08 em. lat., lobi vix 01 cm. long., incurvi.
Follicula ignota.
Differt inter alia :
(1) Ab O. Martii, Fourn., floribus majoribus, calyce, corollà, coronà, stylo et
stigmate disparibus.
(2) Ab O. capitato, Mart., calycis segmentis majoribus, lobis corollee et coronze
phyllis diversis, acumine stylari abbreviato, incrassato, latius lobato.
(3) Ab O. stigmatoso, Fourn., foliis minoribus, corollze lobis basi nequaquam villosis,
coronz phyllis tantum bifidis nec fere usque ad basin fissis, necnon stylo et
stigmate disparibus. |
(4) Ab 0. proboscideo, Fourn., foliis petiolatis, haud basi caudatis, calycis lobis
398 MR.. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
corollae tubum. excedentibus, corollee lobis nec acutis nec rubro-vinosis, coronae
phyllis neque profunde fissis nec cristà instructis.
(5) Ab Oxypetalo glomerato, Fourn., foliis minoribus petiolatis, floribus haud umbel-
latis coroná dispari, neenon stylo comparative abbreviato. [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
ASCLEPIAS JANGADENSIS, S. Moore ; caule humili, subsimplici, saltem in sicco ancipite, e
rhizomate crassiusculo, fibras plures simplices deorsum corticato-incrassatas gerente,
erecto ; foliis sessilibus, elongatis, linearibus, acutis, basin versus coarctatis, papy-
raceo-coriaceis ; pedunculis quam folia brevioribus, erectis, terminalibus vel
ex axillis foliorum superiorum ortis; umbellis circa 12-floris; bracteis exiguis,
subulato-linearibus; corollá viridi, cucullorum dilute puniceorum ore superiore
sat magno, ovato, obtusissimo, introrsum non producto, gynostegium excedente ;
corniculo falciformi ; folliculis ignotis.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada in loco arenoso tempore pluviorum inundato; fl. mens. Sept.
(N. 251.)
Radices usque ad 0°15 cm. diam., in sicco bruneæ. Rhizoma 0'5 cm. diam., abbreviatum.
Caulis circa usque 20:0 cm. alt., crasse corticatus, albide pubescens, superne sub-
lanatus, 0:3 cm. diam., internodia ad 6, maxime inzequilonga. Folia 6:0-10'0 cm.
long., exempli alterius nec ultra 0:3 cm., alterius 05-077 em. lat., utrinque albido-
pubescentia. Pedunculi 2:0-3:0 em. long., sublanati. Umbella 2°5-3°5 em. diam. ;
bractez 0:2 em. long. Pedicelli patuli, circiter 1:0 cm. long. Flores expansi circa
1:2 cm. long. Calycis segmenta ovato-lanceolata, acuta, sublanata, vix usque ad 0°3
cm. long. Corolle lobi oblongi, apice oblique et breviter inciso-retusi, 0-7 cm. long.
Cuculli a basi sensim dilatati, gynostegio 0:2 cm. longiores, vix 0:5 cm. long., eorum
os superius pæne 0:2 em. long., 0°16 em. lat., corniculus 0:35 cm. long. Gynostegium
0:26 em. long.
Species inter A. mellodoram, St.-Hil., et A. nervosam, Decne., medium tenens. Cum hac
habitu optime congruit, que distat vero ob flores minores albos, lobos calycis minores
necnon angustiores, coroll, lobos breviores et latiores, cuculli os superius introrsum
dentatum. Habitum disparem ostendat 4. mellodora, cujus folia latiora, calyx longior,
cucullus minor pallide lutescens, gynostegium equans, ore superiore exiguo gaudiens.
[Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia.]
MORRENIA INCANA (sp. nov.); novellis incano-tomentosis ; ramis elongatis, incrassatis,
teretibus, minute albido-tomentosis; foliis petiolatis, plus minus anguste hastatis,
acuminatis vel acutis, basi truncatis vel parum ae latissime cordatis, supra pubescen-
tibus vel puberulis, subtus incano-tomentosis ; petiolis abbreviatis a laminá insig-
niter superatis; corymbis fere subsessilibus, brevibus, densifloris, incano-tomentosis ;
pedicellis flores subzequantibus, incano-tomentosis; floribus mediocribus; calycis
profunde 5-partiti segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, corollá subtriplo brevioribus ; corollá
viridi, paullo ultra 3 in lobos lanceolatos obtusos divisà, membranaceá, nunc breviter,
nunc alte 5-lobá, gynostegium paullo superante ; corollá subduplo breviore.
. Hab. Reperi ad Puerto Pacheco florentem mens. Feb. (N. 1060.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 399
Caulis vix 0:3 em. diam., tortus, intervallis usque 13:0 cm. long. (sepe vero circa 7'0-
8:0) foliigerus. Foliorum lamina 5:5-7:0 cm. long., basi 1:7-2:5 cm. lat. (medio
0"7-1:0 cm.), subtus perpetuo tomentosa; costa media lata, preesertim pag. inf.
eminens. Pedunculi circiter 0:5 cm. long., satis crassi; pedicelli florum apertorum
usque ad 0'7 cm. long. Calycis incani lobi 0'3 cm. long., acuti, intus pubescentes.
Corolla 1:2 cm. diam., 0'8 em. long., extus pubescens; tubus 0:25 em. long.,
longitrorsum rugatus, faucibus pilosulus; lobi intus glabri. Corona vix 0:3 em.
long., extus deorsum rugulata, intus ore albido-villosula. Antherarum membrana
generis. Gynostegium 0:2 em. alt. Acuminis stylaris lobi lineares, erecti, coronam
paullo excedentes. Folliculi ignoti.
Speciebus ab duabus hucusque cognitis abhorret indumento tomentoso perpetuo,
corymbis incanis, corollà brevius divisà, column:e stylaris lobis longioribus, etc.
l'Uruguaria, Argentina, Paraguaria, Bolivia Or.]
An interesting addition to this small genus; the variation in the extent of lobing of
the corona is curious.
Fournier speaks of the corona as being 10-lobed, the 5 alternate lobes being dentiform.
Endlicher also mentions the interposed teeth. In the present species, as also in M. bra-
chystephana, Griseb., the teeth certainly do not exist, although Grisebach, after describing
the corona of M. odorata as 5-lobed, says that M. brachystephanus has it 10-lobed, which
is certainly incorrect. Fournier's figure in Martius's Fl. Bras. (vi. pars iv. t. 83) shows the
5 interposed lobes very clearly; but I cannot help thinking that the supposed small lobes
are really folds in the corona, the sides of whose lobes are folded inwards to a great
extent so as to face one another.
MARSDENIA CAULANTHA (sp. nov.); novellis dense fulvo-tomentosis; caule volubili,
subtereti, crassiusculo, velutino-tomentoso, dein cinereo et pubescente, vix glabro;
foliis petiolatis, ovatis, acutis, sursum gradatim attenuatis, interdum leviter cuspi-
datis, basi obliquis, rotundatis, nonnunquam leviter cordatis, utrinque molliter
velutinis, subtus pallidioribus ; cymis brevipedunculatis, ex axillis foliorum evani-
dorum szpe ortis, densifloris; pedicellis brevibus, tomentosis; calycis tomentosi
lobis abbreviatis, obtusis, oblongo-ovatis, faucem corolla nequaquam attingentibus ;
corolla sordide viridis tubo mediocriter elongato-urceolari, intus medio villosulo,
ceterum glabro vel aliquatenus puberulo, faucibus carnosulo-annulato, lobis ovatis
obtusissimis, extus tomentosis, intus glabris; corons phyllis abbreviatis, obtusis ;
antherarum membrana parvá, ovatá, stigma paullo excedente; stigmatis rostro
pyramidali-subgloboso, muriculato; polliniis inferne attenuatis, in stigmate incum-
bentibus, retinaculo insigniter longioribus.
Hab. Florescit ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 407.)
Caulis proventu circa 0'5 cm. diam., zetate aphyllus, dense corticatus, cortice cinereo diu
plus minus pilifero. Folia 4:5-6:0 em. long., 3:0-3:3 em. lat., aliquanto insequilatera,
margine ciliata, petiolis ascendentibus 1:0-1:3 em. long. suffulta. Pedunculi usque
ad 0*5 em. long., sepe subobsoleti, dense tomentosi. Calyx 0'8 cm. long., usque ad
400 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
$ divisa, lobi aliquanto impares, intus superne appresse puberuli, ceterum glabri.
Corolla 0:6 em. diam.; tubus 0:3-0:4 em. long., 0:3 em. lat., extus superne tomen
tellus, inferne glaber. Gynostegium vix 0'2 em. alt. Coronz squam:e et antherarum
membrans minute. Pollinia minima, minutissime verruculosa. Stigmatis rostrum
circa 0°05 em. alt.
Primo aspectu nullá pro specie hujus generis haberi nisi pro Marsdeniá mollissimá,
Fourn., quam habitu et indumento refert. Flores attamen M. mollissime multo majores,
calycis lobi oblongo-lineares et comparative elongati, corolla infundibularis circa duplo
longior lobis multo majoribus extus pubescentibus nec tomentosis instructa, gynostegium
et coronze squamee et antherarum membrane insigniter majores. Pollinia duplo majora
levia nec verruculosa. [Bras. Or., Guiana. ]
MADAROSPERMA OBLONGUM (sp. nov.); caule volubili, gracillimo, apice defoliato, arcte
pubescente; foliis petiolatis, oblongis vel lanceolato-oblongis, apice apiculatis, basi
obtusis, molliter pubescentibus; cymulis sessilibus vel subsessilibus, paucifloris ;
pedicellis abbreviatis ; calycis lobis ovatis, obtusis, corolle tubo paullo brevioribus;
corollze tubo ventricoso, lobos ligulatos equante ; coron: phyllis gynostegium paullo
superantibus, ovatis, acuminatis, basi gynostegio breviter adnatis, omnino planis;
gynostegio pentagonali; antherarum membrana lanceolati, obtusà; stigmate
prominulo.
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. dos Bugres vigentem et mens. Oct. florentem. (N. 431.)
Caulis nec ultra 0'1 cm. diam., subteres, leviter striatus. Folia 2:0-4'0 cm. long., 0°8-
15 cm. lat, coriacea, ssepe in sicco fusco-virentia, subtus decoloria; costs
secundariee utrinque 3-4, oblique inserte, a costa submarginali undulato-curvatá
conjunctee, parum conspicue; venule subevanide. Cymule 2-6-flore, raro ad
florem unicum reductz, usque ad 0:35 cm. diam., axillares vel terminales, nonnun-
quam ramulos abbreviatos coronantes et tune pseudopedunculate. Flores virides.
Calycis extus piloso-pubescentis lobi 0'1 cm. long. Corolle tubus 0:13 cm. long.,
0:17 cm. diam.; limbus 0'2 cm. diam. Corons phylla 01 em. long. Fructus
maturus haud visus.
A M. Troilliano, Benth., distat foliis disparibus, pedunculis et pedicellis abbreviatis,
calycis lobis insigniter majoribus, coronze phyllis disparibus et revera latioribus, basi
planis, nec hippocrepiformibus. Flores virides nec lutei. [Amazonia.]
GENTIANEZ.
COUTOUBEA RAMOSA, Aubl. Pl. Guyan. i. p. 74.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores albos preebet mens. Sept. (N. 302.) [Bras.
Or., Goyaz, Guiana, Amazonia. |
HYDROPHYLLACEEX.
HYDROLEA SPINOSA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 328.
-Hab. Ad ripas fl. Cuyabá, inter Dorados et Cuyabá, mens. Aug. floret et fructificat.
(N.1)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 401
HYDROLEA SPINOSA, Linn., var. INERMIS, Spruce.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 526.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop., Ind.
Occ. |
BORAGINEA.
CORDIA ($ GERASCANTHUS) JUCUNDA (sp. nov.); ramulis validis, subteretibus, glabris;
calyce elongato ventricoso-cylindrico, longitudinaliter sulcato, griseo-velutino,.
pluridentato, dentibus ssepe insequalibus deltoideis, interdum longe acuminatis ;
corollze magne tubo attenuato, in sicco calycem bene excedente, lobis late oblongis
obtusissimis; staminibus juxta fauces coroll» insertis.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.).
Arbor parva, nisi fallor reminiscendo circa 4-metralis. Ramuli 0'6 cm. diam., cortice
purpureo-bruneo nitente, in longitudinem crebre striato, albo-lenticellifero obducti.
Folia desunt. Cymæ terminales, multiflore, 11:0-14'0 cm. diam. Flores albi, dense
aggregati, foliis haud coetanei. Pedunculi et pedicelli ferrugineo-tomentosi. Calyx
1:5 em. long., inferne 0:6, superne 0:4 cm. diam., 10-sulcatus, utrinque tomentosus.
Corolla subhypocraterimorpha, marcescens, 39:5 cm. diam., tubus circa 15 cm.
long. et 0:12 cm. lat., deorsum subito ad 0:35 em. amplificatus; fauces dilatatze,
pentagons; lobi 1-2-1:3 cm. long., 1:1 cm. lat., margine undulati, horum nervi
extus prominuli et glabri. Stamina ad 1:25 em. a basi tubi inserta; filamenta 1:0
em. long., basi incrassata ibique sericeo-pubescentes; anthers oblique, 0'4 em. long.
Ovarium anguste ovoideum, glabrum, vix 1*0 em. long. prope apicem obtusum subito
attenuatum. Stylus filiformis, circa 2:5 cm. long., basi incrassatus. Stigmata fili-
formia 0:3 cm. long., usque ad medium bifida.
C. insigni, Cham., proxima, at certe diversa species floribus dense glomeratis, foliis
haud coetaneis, calycis minoris indumento et dentibus disparibus, corollee tubo attenuato,
lobi nervis glabris, staminibus juxta fauces nec infra medium tubi insertis, ovario
anguste ovoideo nec cylindrico, ete. [ Bras. Or.] :
I feel sure that this is the Cordia I saw in flower in a wood close to Corumbá in the
month of August, and in the above description of the habit and colour of the flowers
that belief has been acted upon. The plant referred to bore similar dense masses of
large flowers at a time when leaves were not to be seen, a fact, unless I mistake, not
known of other species of Cordia $ Gerascanthus.
CoRDIA SALZMANNI, DC. Prod. ix. p. 494,
— Hab. Suffrutex metralis, ramosus, viget in locis apertis in cacumine montium Serra da
Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 129.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Peruvia, Bolivia,
Paraguaria. |
CORDIA CURASSAVICA, Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. p. 460.
Hab. In ripá fl. Paraguay, haud procul a monte Pao d’Assucar dicto, floret mens, Feb.
(N. 1086.) [Amer. Austr. ]
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. Iv. 36
402 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
HELIOTROPIUM FILIFORME, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 86.
Hab. Abundat in humidis ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores albos mens. Nov. preebet; itaque
inveni in ripá fl. Brasinho mens. Oct. (Nun. 428, 589.) [Amer. Trop.)
HELIOTROPIUM INDICUM, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 130.
Hab. Frequens passim in provinciá ad ripas fil. Paraguay, dos Bugres, et Brasinho.
(N. 633.) [In tropicis late diffusum.)
HELIOTROPIUM INUNDATUM, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i. p. 343.
Hab. Crescit in paludosis juxta Santa Cruz, menss. Sept.-Nov. florens. (Nn. 354, 603.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia. ]
CONVOLVULACEA.
lpoma@a ($ PHARBITIS) CRINICALYX (sp. nov.). Volubilis, foliis parvis, petiolatis, late
ovato- vel reniformi-cordatis acuminatis vel breviter bilobis, membranaceis, margine
repandis, glabris; pedunculis petiolos subeequantibus, 1-3-floris, pedicellis medio-
cribus; bracteis oblongo-ovatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, calyci subzequilongis vel eo
brevioribus; pedicellis pedunculo brevioribus, glabris vel apice parce puberulis;
calycis lobis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis, dense et patule echino-hirtulis, interioribus
latioribus et superne plus minus glabris.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi floret mens. Jan. (N. 953.)
Caulis glaber vel parce puberulus, 0:1-0:2 cm. diam. Foliorum lamina usque 4°0 cm.
long. et 6:0 cm. lat. (mediocres 3°0 x 5:0 cm.), palmatim 5-6-nervis, sinu basali 1:5-
3°0 cm. lat.; petioli 2:0—3:0 cm. long., patuli, glabri. ^ Pedunculi axillares, 1:5-3:0
em. long., glabri, deorsum incrassati. Pedicelli usque ad 2:0 cm. long. Calyx 1°6 cm.
long. crinibus fulvis 0:4 cm. attingentibus dense obsitus. Corolla purpurea
expansa 6'0 em. long.; tubus basi 0'7 em. lat., sub flore ad 25 cm. ampliatus;
limbus circiter 4°5 cm. diam.
Species distinetissima ; sine dubio ad 1. echinocalycem, Meissn., spectat, divergit vero, ut
ex icone optimá patet, foliis omnino disparibus, scilicet multo minoribus, cordato-reni-
formibus, glabris, caule nequaquam hirsuto, pedunculis longioribus interdum 2- vel etiam
3-floris, bracteis insigniter longioribus, etc. [Bras. Or.]
lrowca Nix, Roth, Catal. Bot. i. p. 36.
Hab. Crescit in campis juxta fl. Paraguay inter Villa Maria et Corumbá, mens. Dec.
florens. (N. 848.) [Late diffusa.]
TpoM@a FISTULOSA, Mart. ex Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. p. 349.
Hab. Occurrit ad ripas fl. Paraguay vulgatissima. (N. 908.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Paraguaria, Amazonia, Amer. Centr.]
d This is one of the commonest, if not the commonest, of streamside plants edging the
river Paraguay from Paraguay northward.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 403
TpoM@A UMBELLATA, G. Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 99.
Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Cuyabá passim, ubi flores mens. Aug. ostendit. (N. 4.)
Forma pusilla, umbellis bifloris. Flores flavi. [Amer. Trop.]
IroMcA DIGITATA, Linn. Syst. ed. X. p. 924.
Hab. Floret ad Corumbá mens. Jan. (N.972.) [Late diffusa.]
IPOMEA SETIFERA, Poir. Encyc. vi. p. 17. (Calystegia setifera, Meissn.)
-Hab. Crescit ad ripas fl. Paraguay haud procul a Tres Barras, inter Santa Cruz et
Diamantino, ubi mens. Oct. floret. (N. 488.) [Amazonia, Guiana, Amer. Centr., Ind.
Occ. |
CONVOLVULUS PRJELONGUS (sp. nov.); caule volubili, patule hispidulo-piloso; foliis
longipetiolatis, indivisis, ovatis acuminatis, basi cordatis vel rotundatis, appresse
pilosis, tenuiter membranaceis ; pedunculis longissimis, folia multo excedentibus, sat
validis, hispidulo-pilosis, plurifloris ; floribus arcte confertis, brevipedicellatis ;
bracteis maxime elongatis, lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, hispidulo-villosulis ;
calycis lobis tenuiter membranaceis, bracteis similibus nisi minoribus ; corollá pro
genere magná, extus puberula ; stigmatis lobis linearibus, parum complanatis ; ovarii
septo perfecto.
Hab. Viget in loco ignoto, verisimiliter aut ad Santa Cruz aut in ripá fl. Paraguay
inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (N. 11012.)
Caulis usque 0:2 em. diam., tortus, in sieco dilute lutescenti-bruneus, pilis albidis usque
ad 0:25 cm. long. instructus. Foliorum lamina 7:0 em. long., 4°0+4°5 cm. lat., basi in
petiolum decurrens, sursum in acumen circa 1:0 cm. long. desinens, margine repanda,
ciliata, basi palmatim 3-5-nervis; costis supra planis, subtus eminentibus; costa
media (presertim inferne) lata; coste secundariz (basalibus sspe parumper dicho-
tomis exemptis) utrovis latere 4—5, oblique insertze, ascendentes, plus minus undu-
late, parum arcuate; petioli 4°0-5°0 cm. long. complanati, hispidulo-pilosi.
Pedunculi 18:0-20:'0 cm. long., teretes, deorsum fere 0'2 cm. diam., sursum debili-
ores et hispidulo-villosuli. Inflorescentia nonnunquam usque ad 12-flora, foliis
floralibus paucis subruticillatis vegetativis subsimilibus nisi minoribus suffulta.
Pedicelli usque ad 0:3 cm. long., basi bracteati, villosuli. Bractea florum apertorum
eirca 1:3 em. long. et 0:25 cm. lat. Calycis lobi 1:0 em. long., inferne 0:2 cm. lat.,
ibique glabri vel fere glabri, superne usque ad 0°02 cm. attenuati ibique hispidulo-
pilosi. Corolla circa 2:5 em. long. et 15 em. diam. Filamenta ineequalia, glabra,
basi parum dilatata; antherarum anguste oblongarum loculi basi divergentes
ibique truncati, 0-2 cm. long. Ovarium oblongum, glabrum ; stylus 1:0 cm. long.;
stigmatis lobi 0:13 em. long., apice obtusi. Fructus ignotus.
Species memorabilis, neque ulli ex America australi misse similis habitu; plures in
Africà tropica repertas aliquatenus refert.
362
404 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
EvornvvLUs NUMMULARIUS, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. p. 391.
Hab. Floret in arenosis temp. pluviorum inundatis ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 259.)
[Amer. Trop.]
CUSCUTA OBTUSIFLORA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 122.
Hab. Reperi ad Corumbá mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 1036.) [Late diffusa. ]
SOLANACEA.
SOLANUM ($ PACHYSTEMONA, MEGALOPORA) CORUMBENSE (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramosa ;
ramulis undulatis, passim geniculatis, velutino-tomentosis, parumper glabris ; foliis
solitariis vel subgeminis, longiuscule petiolatis, ovatis acutis vel obtusis, nonnun-
quam leviter cuspidatis, basin versus in petiolum sensim et seepe longiuscule
attenuatis, utrinque minute puberulis vel solummodo subtus pubescentibus, cymis
subcorymbiformibus, paucifloris, a pedunculis petiolos subzequantibus fultis; floribus
parvulis; calycis campanulati piloso-pubescentis lobis brevibus, late triangularibus,
apice szepe induratis; corollá subearnosulà; baccá ignota.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens. (N. 974.)
Frutex circa trimetralis, abundanter ramosus. Rami defoliati 0°5-0°6 cm. diam., cortice
bruneo lenticellis sparsis majusculis prominulis instructo obtecti; ramuli foliati
usque ad 0'2 cm. diam., teretes. Folia 5:0-7:5 em. long., 2:5—45 cm. lat., tenuiter
membranacea; coste secundarie utrovis latere 6:7, ascendentes, leviter arcuate ;
petioli pubescentes, 1:0-1:5 em. long., erecti vel patuli. Pedunculi plerique 1:5-2:5
cm. long. erecti, pubescentes. Cymæ plerumque 6-7-florze, circa 1°5 cm. diam.
Pedicelli graciles, puberuli, 0'5-1:2 cm. long. Flores albi, vix 1:5 cm. diam. Calyx
vix 0'3 cm. long. et lat, supra medium breviter angustatus, lobi 0°1 em. long.,
aliquatenus insequilati. Corollz longe ultra medium 5-partitze, lobi oblongo-lineares,
obtusi, marginibus inflexis, 07 cm. long., 0°3 cm. lat., extus sub margine pubescentes.
Stamina parum insequalia ; antherze corollz lobis i-plo breviores, oblong:e, inferne
paullulum angustatee, 0°15 cm. lat., loculis interdum inzequilongis in filamentis com-
planatis 0-1 cm. long. insidentibus. Ovarium ovoideum, circa 1:0 cm. alt. ; stylus
superne curvatus, 0°65 em. long. Stigma capitatum.
Ab S. campaniformi, Roem. & Schult., discrepat indumento, foliis basi in petiolum
gradatim desinentibus, floribus minoribus, corollz lobis angustioribus, staminibus longi-
oribus, stylo elongato, etc. [Bras. Or.]
SOLANUM ($ PACHYSTEMONA, MEGALOPORA) SALTIENSE (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramosa;
ramulis hirsuto-pubescentibus, glabris; foliis maxime insequalibus, plerumque soli-
tariis, interdum vero geminatis, lanceolatis, longe cordato-acuminatis, basi obtusis,
obliquis, nunc in petiolis brevibus insidentibus, nunc subsessilibus, utrinque hirtulo-
pubescentibus; cymis plerisque 4—8-floris, umbellatis ; peduneulo brevissimo,
incrassato; pedicellis elongatis et reverá floribus multo touioflis hirsuto-pubes-
——
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 405
centibus; floribus parvulis ; calycis campanulati, hirsuto-pubescentis, longilobi lobis
lanceolatis acutiusculis, apice haud induratis ; corollee membranaceze tubo brevissimo ;
bacca ignota.
Hab. Viget in sylvá primevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi floret
mens. Sept. (Nn. 377, 377 a.)
Rami crebre foliati, circiter 0°2-0°3 em. diam. Folia 3'5-12'5 cm. long., 1:0-3:5 em.
lat. (mediocria 6:0—7:0 x 2:0-2:5 em.) ; costze secundariz circa 8, erecto-ascendentes,
parum arcuate; petioli 0:2-0:3 cm. long. Pedunculi 0:15 em. long. et diam.,
hirsuti. Pedicelli sub flore 1:0-1:3 cm. long., cito usque ad 2:0 cm. elongati. Flores
1:0 em. diam., albi. Calycis 06 em. diam. tubus 0:2 cm. long., lobi 0:4 cm. long.,
parum insequilati, post anthesin mox ampliati. Corolle tubus vix ultra 0:1 cm.
long., lobi ovato-lanceolati, extus apicem versus pubescentes, ceteroquin glabri,
0:3 em. long. Anthere 0:2 cm. long., late oblong, parum insequales, filamentis
brevissimis fultee. Ovarium ovoideum, glabrum, 0:05 cm. long.; stylus 0:35 cm.
long., inferne villosulus, superne glaber, curvatus; stigma anguste claviforme.
Mihi videtur ad Solanum gemellum, Mart., spectare, cujus indumentum molle, folia
ssepius gemina, longius petiolata, basi rotundiora, et, preeter alia, flores majores, calyx
diversiformis, et corolla 5-angularis. [Bras. Or.)
SOLANUM ($ ACANTHOPHORA) VEXANS (sp. nov.); ramulis fistulosis, subteretibus, una
cum foliis et petiolis arcte pubescentibus, aculeis longis, validis, stamineis sub-
sparsim instructis; foliis longipetiolatis, minute pubescentibus, ovatis vel cordatis,
subacutis, in utroque margine impariter 5-7-lobulatis, sursum lobulato-dentatis,
lobulis triangularibus vel deltoideis acutis, plerumque integris, inermibus; cymis ssepe
4-floris, pedunculis brevibus fultis; pedunculis, pedicellis, calycibus, et corollis
pubescentibus ; floribus inermibus ; calyce late campanulato ad usque medium 5-lobo,
lobis triangulari-ovatis obtusissimis; corollà membranaceá, alte 5-partitá; baccá
ignota.
Hab. Schedula przetermissa; incolit locum quendam ignotum, an Santa Cruz? (No.
11112.)
Frutex ? altitudine incertá. Ramuli usque ad 0:5 cm. diam., aculeis nunc brevibus (0°1-
0:2 em. long.), nune elongatis (1:3 1:7 long.) instructi; aculei omnes recti, rarissime
paullo recurvi, a latere compressi. Foliorum lamina usque ad 11:0 em. long. et 8:0
em. lat., firme membranacea ; costz secundariz 5-6, angulis latis insertis rectis vel
fere rectis, adjectis pluribus tertii ordinis, costzte omnes subtus eminentes, aculei
foliorum sparsi, preesertim ex costá medià orti, plerumque elongati; petioli 7:0
em. long., validi, pubescentes. Pedunculi usque 1'0 em. long., una eum pedicellis
plermuque 0:5-0:8 em. long., pubescentes. Calyx 0'4 cm. long., 0°6 em. lat. Corollze
tubus 0'2 em. long.; lobi ultra 1:0 cm. attingentes, lineari-lanceolati. Anthere,
filamentis brevissimis insidentes, lanceolatee, insequales, 0:9-1:1 cm. long. Ovarium
parvum, globosum, glabrum, stylo «*equilongum ; stylus glaber, crassiusculus, vix
01 cm. long. Stigma capitatum.
Nisi fallor, juxta S. palinacanthum, Dun., intercalandum; ab eo abhorret equidem
406 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
spinis paucioribus, calycis inermis lobis brevioribus et latioribus, corolla lobis disparibus,
antheris aliquanto latioribus et longioribus, stylo breviore, ete. Ob habitum accedere
videtur ad S. platanifolium, Hook., cujus flores attamen longe dispares. [ Bras. Or.]
SoLANUM MACRANTHUM, Dun. in DC. Prod. xiii. 1, p. 315.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 103.) [Amazonia,
Guiana. |
SOLANUM SISYMBRIFOLIUM, Lam. Illustr. n. 2386.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.). [Bras. Or., Argentina. |
Capsicum BACCATUM ?, Linn. Mant. i. p. 46.
Hab. Reperi ad Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 948.)
Specimina nimis imperfecta, nondum fructifera. [Late diffusa.]
NICOTIANA GLAUCA, R. Grah. in Bot. Mag. sub tab. 2837.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. floret. (N.965.) [Argentina, Uruguaria,
Paraguaria. |
Frutex altus, vel etiam arbuscula trimetralis.
Possibly a garden escape, but thoroughly established near the eastern fort at Corumbá.
SCROPHULARIACE.E.
ANGELONIA GARDNERI, Hook. Bot. Mag. sub tab. 3754.
Hab. Florebat ad Coimbra mens. Feb. (N. 1066.) . [ Bras. Or, Amazonia, Bolivia,
Paraguaria. |.
CONOBEA SCROPHULARIOIDES, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 391.
Hab. Floret et Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (N. 484.) [Amer. Trop. |
HERPESTIS CHAMZDRYOIDES, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 369.
Hab. Crescit juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. (Nn. 325, 355.) [ Amer. Trop.]
HERPESTIS PARVULA (sp. nov.). Infraspithamea, debilis ; caule erecto, capillari, quadran-
gulo; foliis exiguis, sessilibus, lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis, glabris vel obsolete puberulis;
peduneulis eapillaribus, minute puberulis, quam folia multo longioribus; floribus
minimis; calycis puberuli lobis exterioribus lanceolatis, longe acuminatis, interi-
oribus lineari-lanceolatis, quam exteriora paullo brevioribus; corollee calycem fere
duplo excedentis tubo superne gradatim ampliato, labio postico bilobo, lobis ovato-
oblongis obtusis; antheris subdistantibus; stigmate bilobo.
Hab. Inveni in paludosis ad Campos de Tapirapuan mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 383.)
Radix deest. Caulis 16:0 cm. alt., subsimplex, leviter undulatus, gracillimus, minute
puberulus, deinde glaber, intervallis 2:0-3:0 cm. foliigerus. Folia neque ultra 04 em.
long. et 01 cm. lat, marginibus crenulata, omnino sessilia. Flores purpurei.
Calycis lobi extimi 0:3 cm. long. ; lobi intermedii paullo breviores et angustiores,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 407
intimi 0:25 cm. long. Corolle tubus 0°4 em. long., inferne 0°08 em. lat., sub limbo
0:2 em. lat.; lobi postici 0-1 em. lat., lobi antici inter se subsequales, late ovati,
obtusi, 0:13 cm. diam. Genitalia inclusa. Stamina fere $ a basi tubi inserta ;
filamenta glabra, complanata, staminum posticorum antheras circa duplo excedentia ;
anticorum antheris triplo longioribus; antherze elliptieze, 0°08 cm. long. Ovarium
ovoideo-oblongum, obscure puberulum, 0:1 em. long.; stylus complanatus, glaber,
ovarium fere 34-plo excedens; stigmatis lobi abbreviati, subconoidei, circa 0:03 cm.
long. Capsula vix matura subglobosa, calyce brevior, 0:2 cm. long., puberula.
Forsan juxta Herpestem gracilem, Benth., stirpem Mattogrossensem, interponenda,
abhorret vero signis gravis momenti, scilicet staturà humili, foliis minutis, calyce et
corollà disparibus, etc. {Matto Grosso. |
HERPESTIS ACUTA (sp. nov.); caule erecto, gracili, quadrangulari, ramoso, puberulo,
ramulis ultimis fere capillaribus; foliis ultimis, solummodo visis, sessilibus, lanceolatis,
acutis vel obtusis, integris serrulatisve, scabriusculo-puberulis ; pedunculis gracil-
limis, sub flore ipso subito amplificatis, puberulis; bracteis subulato-setaceis, calyce
multo minoribus; calycis lobis exterioribus late ovatis, breviter acuminatis, lobis
interioribus lineari-lanceolatis, longe acuminatis; corolle calycem duplo excedentis
tubo inferne angusto, superne subito ampliato, labio superiore emarginato, lobis
latis rotundatis, antheris subdistantibus, stigmate bilobo.
Hab. In ripá fl. Cuyabá prope Melgaço inveni mens. Aug. florentem. (N. 8.)
Herba ? metralis, copiose ramosa. Folia inferiora desunt, suprema 0:8-1:5 cm. long.,
0:2-0:35 em. lat, firme membranacea. Pedunculi 0:5-077 cm. long., erecti, ascen-
dentes. Fructus 0'1-0:2 em. long. Flores purpurei. Calycis lobi exteriores 0'7-
0:8 em. long., sub flore vere modo 0-4 cm., scabriusculo-puberuli; lobus extimus
latior et basi cordatus; lobi intimi 0:4 em. long., pubescentes, marginibus hyalinis.
Corolle tubus circa 0/7 em. long., inferne paullo ultra 0-1 em. lat., superne ad
0:6 em. dilatatus, extus et intus puberulus; labium posticum 0°35 cm. lat.; labii
antici lobi ovati, 0:2 cm. lat. Genitalia inclusa. Stamina juxta medium corollee
inserta; filamenta glabra, staminum posticorum antheris duplo longiora, anticorum
antheris 4-plo longiora ; anthersz elliptieze, postiez:e paullo ultra 0°1 em. long.,
anticis distincte majores. Ovarium ovoideo-oblongum, obsolete puberulum, 0:1 cm.
long.; stylus complanatus, glaber, ovarium fere 4-plo excedens; stigmatis lobi
incrassati, subspathulati, ovario paullo breviores. Capsula ignota.
Videtur juxta .H. angulatam, Benth., interponenda, abs quà, ob habitum graciliorem,
folia diversiformia, flores longius pedicellatos, calycem majorem insigniter aeuminatum,
preter alia, stirps nostra primo obtutu secernenda.
Huic proxima exstat specimen in Paraguariá a cl. Balansá lectum, vix attamen
conspecificum videtur scabritie partium et foliis amplexicaulibus, ovatis. serrato-
dentatis, 2:0-2:5 cm. long., et pedunculis etiam longioribus (plerumque circa 1:0 cm.),
et floribus majoribus, pedunculos sequantibus, flavido-roseis, necnon habitu validiore.
(H. paraguariensis, nob., Balansa, N. 2142.) (Bras. Or., Paraguaria. ]
4.08 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
HERPESTIS SERPYLLIFOLIA, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xi. p. 398.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz. (N. 355 a.) [Bras. Or., Paraguaria. |
SCOPARIA DULCIS, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 116.
Hab. Abundat ad Serra da Chapada, ad Santa Cruz, et alibi in provincia.
799.) [Late diffusa. ]
SCOPARIA PINNATIFIDA, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linneea, viii. p. 22.
Hab. Inveni in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Villa Maria et Corumbá mens. Dec.
[ Amazonia, Argentina, Paraguaria. |
BUCHNERA ROSEA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 342.
Hab. Incolit locos apertos juxta Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Sept. et Oct.
[ Amer. Trop. |
BUCHNERA PALUSTRIS, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. p. 805.
(Nn. 88,
(N. 847.)
(N. 834.)
Hab. Crescit in graminosis udis inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens.
(N. 59.) [Bras. Or., Guiana, Peruvia.]
DESDEMONA, Scrophulariaceorum genus novum. (Pl. XXVII. figs. 2-9.)
Flores lateraliter zygomorphi. Calyx abbreviatus alte 5-partitus, segmentis ovatis,
imbricatis, subequalibus. Corolle subcampanulate tubus subbrevis, latus, leviter
incurvus; limbus suberectus, labio postico in anthesi intimo bilobo, labio antico
3-lobo, quam posticum longiore, lobis omnibus planis, oblongo-ovatis. Stamina 4,
didynama, juxta basin corolle inserta, inclusa; antherarum loculi divergentes,
apice approximati, distincti ; connectivus maxime incrassatus. Staminodium nullum.
Discus inconspicuus. Stylus paullulum exsertus, apice stigmate parvo obtuso
coronatus. Ovula in loculis bina, raro solitaria, fere ab apice pendula, anatropa;
raphe ventralis, micropyle superior. Fructus et semina ignota.—Suffrutex humilis,
perennis. Caulis e rhizomate crasso assurgens, erectus, crebre foliatus, simplex vel
parce ramosus. Folia opposita et reverá per paria decussate inserta, vel inferiora
subopposita, raro plane alternantia, subintegra, membranacea, subsessilia. Pedicelli
axillares vel terminales, abbreviati, bracteis parvis duabus instructi. Flores nutantes,
parvuli.
DESDEMONA PULCHELLA (sp. nov.). Rhizoma corticatum, undulatum, interdum usque
ad 0:5 em. diam., seepe vero tenuius, radices simplices, satis obesas, plagiotropicas vel
orthotropicas passim emittens. Caulis gracilis, tetraqueter, glaber vel plurimum
puberulus, 8:0-23:0 cm. alt., intervallis plerumque 1:0-3:0 em. foliiger. Folia
nunc ovato-oblonga, nune oblongo-lanceolata, raro ovata, basi leviter coarctata,
ibique raro paullo rotundata, apice seepissime mucronata, marginibus breviter serru-
latis, interdum undulatis ; coste secundariz utrovis latere plerumque 4-5, infimæ
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 409
margine parallele, fere rectee, superiores fornicate ascendentes, deinde undulatim
conjunctee, venulz obscurissime, arcte reticulate. Pedunculi nutantes, puberuli,
sursum ampliati, 0:2-0:3 cm. long. Bractez subulatee, puberulee, 0°15 cm. long.
Flores albi, limbi lobi margine dilute citrini. Calyx totus 0°3 cm. long. et lat., sub-
campanulatus, puberulus; lobi acuti vel acuminati, ciliolato-fimbriolati, minute
nervosi, 0:25 cm. long. Corolla in toto 0'8 em. long., antice palato satis prominulo
instructa, extus et intus minutissime pubescens; tubus 0°5 cm. lat., basi vero
usque ad 0'3 cm. angustatus, limbi vix 0'7 cm. diam., labium posticum circa
0:3 lat.; labii antici lobi laterales 0:22 cm. lat., 0:18 cm. long. lobus anticus
0:15-0:2 em. lat, 0:2-0:3 cm. long. lobi omnes obtusi vel leviter emarginati.
Filamenta incrassata, complanata, basi parum curvata, puberula, longiora 0:3 em.,
breviora paullo ultra 0:2 cm. long. Antherz 0'2 cm. lat, puberule. —Pollinis
grana leevia, trigono-ellipsoidea, poris tribus induta. Ovarium ovoideo-oblongum,
sursum attenuatum, glabrum, 0:08 em. long. Stylus incurvus, complanatus, glaber,
0:4 em. long.
The affinity of Desdemona is nato with Scrophulariacee ; its habit, its sestiva-
tion, the bilabiate corolla, and the stamens all support this conclusion ; but the placenta-
tion is highly remarkable. Solitary or binary ovules are rare in the order ; according to
Bentham, two-ovuled cells are found only in Leptorhabdis, Melampyrum, Tozzia, and
a few species of Veronica, while Tonella may have one, two, or three ovules in its cells.
In these cases, however, the ovule is fixed to the septum, not pendulous from the top
of the cell, and in other respects all the above genera are markedly different from
Desdemona. The general appearance at first suggested Solanacee, and there is a
remarkable South-American genus, Selerophylax of Miers, which that botanist himself,
and it must be confessed not without reason, considered to be the type of a distinct
order, which he proposed to call Sclerophylacee. The chief peculiarity of Sclerophylax
lies in its possession of uniovulate ovarian cells, the ovules being pendulous from the
top of the cell. This genus is placed in the ‘Genera Plantarum’ at the end of Solanacee
with the remark—‘ Genus in ordine ab ovarii loculis 1-ovulatis valde anomalum, czetera
tamen Solanaceis multo melius quam ulli alii ordini conveniunt." Precisely the same
observation will apply to Desdemona, substituting ** Scrophulariaceis ” for “ Solanaceis ”
of the just-quoted passage.
The habit of our plant is much that of the Brazilian J/defonsia, though there are
many points of difference between the two, Jidefonsia having a staminode and a bifid
stigma, with normal placentation and a many-seeded capsule. Judging from appear-
ances, the fruit of Desdemona is most probably baccate, as is the case with Halleria
and a few other genera, of which Lewcocarpus and Dermatocalyx alone are American;
but the berry of both these is many-seeded.
Among Solanacee, the affinity of the present genus is closest with the Salpiglosside,
the tribe which has repeatedly been bandied about from Scrophulariacee to Solanacee
and back again; but of the plicate or induplicate or valvate «estivation of Salpiglosside
I find no trace, and their placentation is entirely different. Moreover, except for its
placentation, Sclerophylax has nothing in common with Desdemona. Any external
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3H
410 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
resemblance between the latter and Solanacee is therefore doubtless merely homo-
plastic.
The placentation is perhaps more that of Myoporinee than of any other order either
of the Personal or the Lamial Cohort—with the exception of Selaginee, which are
manifestly out of the question ; but their shrubby habit, their sestivation, and anthers
with confluent cells all conspire, irrespective of geographical considerations, to negative
the supposition of a Myoporineous affinity for Desdemona. The discovery of an un-
doubted Myoporineous genus in South America, although by no means impossible, is yet
so improbable that the affinity would not be admitted without very strong evidence
being adduced in its favour, and of such evidence there is scarcely any in the
present case.
The stem of this plant very early becomes woody, so that study of the arrangement of
the vascular bundles is rendered difficult, and, with the scanty material at my command,
quite impossible. "The structure is worthy of notice in consequence of the almost entire
localization of the sclerenchyme to the four angles, and the great reduction in the hard
bast (Tab. XX XIX. fig. 1). A transverse section of a stem of one year's growth shows a
normal girth often, at least in the case of dried material, ruptured in many places,
. narrow masses of xylem with relatively small tracheides, and very numerous thin medullary
rays, with walls, under a low power, not easily distinguishable from the xylem. The
phloém, much less extensive than the xylem, consists of the usual elements, but these
are very small; at its outer side are seen at intervals isolated bast-fibres, or more usually
small groups of them. The cells of the cortex are thin-walled, except for the masses of
sclerenchyme (sc.) already mentioned; there are also a very few scattered sclerotic
parenehyme cells (sp.) The epidermal cells are pleated upon their outer wall—this
pleating is, however, seen better when the leaf is examined, it being sufficient to detach
a small piece of epiderm from either side of the leaf (fig. 5). Besides this there is
little worth noting in the leaf-structure, except the great midrib with its large collen-
chyme cells (fig. 2), and the small glands sessile upon the upper surface; the latter
emerge from small hollows, close around which on all sides are the epidermal cells
(figs. 3 & 4). Stomata are found only upon the underside of the leaf.
GESNERACE.
DrYMONIA ($ GENUIN®) MACULATA (sp. nov.); caule scandente sat crasso, plus minus
tetragono, nitido, radices adventivas debiles, parce fibrillosas emittente ; foliis petio-
latis, ovatis acutis vel obtusis, interdum breviter cuspidatis, basi plus minus angus-
tatis, margine dentatis, coriaceo-membranaceis, supra scabriusculo-pubescentibus,
subtus arcte tomentosis; floribus solitariis majusculis; calycis pubescentis lobis
oblongo-ovatis, obtusis vel acutis, margine serrulatis, lobo postico plane minore;
corollz calycem circa duplo excedentis tubo postice saccato, limbi lobis ovatis
fimbriatis posticis minoribus ; disco postice prominulo, antice parvo; ovario ovoideo,
tomentoso, stylo crassiusculo, pubescente, utrinque amplificato coronato.
Hab. In truncis arborum scandit ad Santa Cruz, ubi florere incipit mens. Nov. (N. 529.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 411
Caulis 0°5 cm. crass., ramulos angulo fere recto insertos sustinens; internodia brevia ;
cortex papyraceus, cervinus, longitrorsum rimosus; radices adventivee 1:0-2:5 cm.
long., capillares. Foliorum lamina 7:5-12:0 em. long., 3:5-6:3 cm. lat.; cost
secundariz subtus conspicue, utroque latere circa 7, oppositee vel suboppositze vel
alternantes, aperte arcuate, sub margine conjuncte; petioli 0*6-2:1 em. long., sat
validi, dense tomentosi. Pedicelli petiolis similes. Calyx vix 2:3-fere 3'0 cm.
long., 2:0 em. lat.; lobi majores basi levissime cordati, lobi postici non ultra
2:0 em. long. Corolla alba puniceo-variegata, 3:5 em. long., extus pubescens, imá
basi 1:0 em. lat., mox ad 0:8 em. angustata, hine ad 1:3-1:5 em. ampliata, ipso sub
limbo iterum ad 1:0 em. contracta ; saccus 0:9 em. long. et lat.; limbus circa 2:0 em.
diam., lobis circa 07 em. long. Antherz 0°65 cm. long. Ovarium 0°8 em. long.,
0:6 em. lat., sensim paullo attenuatum; stylus cirea 2:0 cm. long., complanatus ;
stigmatis lobi usque ad 0:3 cm. long. Fructus immaturus paullo ultra 1:0 em. long.
et lat., minute tomentosus.
Drymonie calearate, Mart., arcte affinis, speciei mihi descript. et icon. solummodo
note, abs quà stirpem nostram foliis minoribus dentatis nec serrulatis, basi angustatis nec
rotundatis vel oblique cordatis, pedunculis brevioribus, calycis minoris lobis basi minus
oblique cordatis, corollze minoris tubo sub limbo ipso manifeste contracto nullo negotio
dijudicare potes. [Amazonia.]
ALLOPLECTUS ($ ERYTHRANTHUS) SYLVARUM (sp. nov.); caule fistuloso, valido, tetragono,
glabro, nitidissimo; foliis petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis, apice
cuspidatis, leviter undulato-repandis, firme membranaceis, sparsissime appresse
puberulis; floribus solitariis (an semper?); pedunculis quam petioli circa 2-plo
brevioribus, pubescentibus, basi a bracteis duabus parvis, inzequalibus, ovatis vel
ovato-lanceolatis, extus puberulis instructis ; calycis sparsissime puberuli lobis late
ovatis, basi cordatis, apice acutiusculis, margine undulatis, lobis posticis insigniter
minoribus ; corolle calycem i-plo excedentis tubo leviter ventricoso, recto, faucibus
parum contracto, basi postice gibboso; filamentorum vagina corolle tubo breviter
adnatá; antheris liberis, lineari-oblongis, sat elongatis, loculis contiguis ; disco
antice obsoleto; ovario ovoideo-oblongo, in stylum crassiusculum, complanatum,
superne ampliatum desinente ; stigmate late infundibulari.
Hab. Reperi in sylvà primigenià inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, mens.
Sept. florentem. (N. 390.)
Frutex altus. Caulis 0°6 em. diam., aliquanto geniculatus, parce ac grosse lenticelli-
ferus; cortex laxus, tenuis, cervinus; internodia 5:0-7:0 em. long. Foliorum
penninervium lamina subtus pallida, vulgo 10:0-16:5 cm. long., 3°5-5-0 em. lat.,
basi nec ultra 0:3 cm. lat. ; acumen 2:0 em. long. ; costee secundariz utroque latere
5-7, alternantes, aperte arcuatze ; petioli 2:0-4-0 em. long., basi ampliati, puberuli.
Pedunculi puberuli, 1:0-1:5 cm. long.; bracteæ 0°5-0°8 cm., verisimiliter virides.
Calyx tempore florendi 3:0 cm. long., paullo post anthesin fere usque ad 4'0 cm.
auctus; lobi basi oblique cordati, lobi postici vix usque ad 2:0 em. long.,
0:8 em. lat, lobi majores ad 13 cm. lat. tenuiter membranacex, nervoss, vive
sanguineze. Corolla lutea, extus pubescens, in toto circa 4:0 cm. long., tubus
3H2
412 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
basi 0:6 em. diam., medio 1:0 cm., et sub faucibus ad 0'8 imminutus ; limbus circa
1:7 cm. diam. Filamentorum vagina, more generis postice fissa, 0°6 cm., corollæ
adnata; anthers 0:7 cm. long., loculo altero seepe paullo altius afixo. Ovarium
minute tomentosum, 0:6 cm. long., superne sensim coarctatum ; stylus puberulus,
tempore florendi 2:5 cm. long., sub stigmate usque ad 0:2 em. dilatatus; stigma
0:25 cm. diam. Fructus immaturus ovoideo-oblongus, minute pubescens, vix
1:5 em. long. et 1:0 em. lat.
Species distinctissima, ob flores parvibracteatos et calycis lobos amplos coccineos
primo obtutu cognoscenda. Alloplectum sparsiflorum, Mart., aliquatenus simulat, sed
bracteis magnis sanguineis stirpis illius omnino caret. Forte proxima .4. coriaceo,
Hanst., plantze Costaricensi.
BIGNONIACEZ.
BIGNONIA (ARRABIDEA, sensu Candolleano) RUBESCENS (sp. nov.). Scandens, crebre
ramosa, ramulis sat gracilibus, teretibus, nitidis, striatis, minute puberulis; foliis
petiolatis, 2- raro 3-foliolatis, foliolis petiolulatis, late ovatis obtusis, breviter cuspi-
datis, basi rotundatis, nonnunquam obscure cordatis, coriaceis, arcte reticulato-
nervosis, obsolete puberulis, siccitate rubescentibus, costis secundariis 4-6 distanti-
bus, raro suboppositis, plus minus arcuatis; paniculis terminalibus, multifloris, folia
multo excedentibus, tomento perbrevi incano, quasi pruiná, obtectis, cito minute
puberulis; floribus parvis, in pedicellis brevibus albido-tomentellis insidentibus,
calycis tubulosi ore recto obscure 5-fido, dense albide vel roseolo-tomentoso ; corolle
calycem 5-plo excedentis tubo subrecto, superne ampliato; limbo subdistincte
bilabiato ; labii postici lobis anticis manifeste minoribus, labio antico 3-partito ;
staminibus brevissime exsertis; antherarum loculis anguste linearibus, quam
maxime divaricatis; disco elevato, incrassato, breviter cupulari, ovarium brevissime
stipitatum, anguste lineare, superne coarctatum, semi-:equante, ovulis biseriatis.
Hab. Inveni ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores decoros mens. Nov. ostendit. (N. 663.)
Ramuli 2:5-3:5 cm. diam., ad nodos leviter tumidi. Petioli foliolis dimidio breviores
vel ea subzequantes, patentes, subteretes, stricti una cum petiolis non ultra
2:8 cm. long. in sicco nitescentibus; foliola plerumque 7:0-8'0 em. long. et
4'5-6:0 em. lat, basi paullo obliqua, erebre minutissime pellucido-punctata, in
pagina utrávis (presertim vero supra) nitida, folium terminale lateralia subeequans,
sed duplo longius petiolulatum. Panicule usque ad 30:0 em. long., valide, intervallis
plerumque 3:0-5:0 em. long., ramulos florigeros albide tomentosos, nonnunquam ex
axillis foliorum in cirrhos simplices mutatorum ortos, proferentes. Pedicelli usque
ad 0:65 em. long., plerique minus longi. Flores lilacini. Calyx 03-04 cm. long.,
0:3-0:35 em. lat., intus minutissime puberulus. Corolle tubus vix 2:0 cm. long.,
basi 0:25 cm., sub limbo 0*6 em. diam. ; limbi lobi oblongo-ovati, obtusissimi, fere
0:5 em. long.; labii postici lobi 0'3 cm. long. Filamenta 0'3 cm. supra basin tubi
inserta, ima basi pubescentia, ceteroquin glabra, complanata ; antherarum loculi
glabri, 0:24 cm. long. Discus fere 0-15 em. alt., paullo ultra 0:1 cm. diam. Ovarium
minutissime puberulum, vix 0'3 cm. alt., 0°05 cm. diam.; stylus 1:3 em. long.;
stigmatis lobi oblongi, 0-1 em. long. Capsula ignota.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 413
Nulli affinis, nisi specimini Pohliano (n. 1784) in Herb. Kew. asserv. et certe errore
** Arrabidea rosea" denominato. Ab 4. roseá, DC., sat discrepat, ut ex icone Deles-
sertiano patet, foliolorum formá, calyce amplo nec turbinato, aliisque signis. Habitum
et folia spec. Pohliani supra citati planta nostra prebet (foliolis minus acuminatis,
plerumque minoribus, vix rubescentibus exemptis), sed ob calyces suos minores et
corollas diversas et fere 3 breviores vix conspecifice videntur. [Bras. Or. |
BIGNONIA (ARRABIDEA, sensu Candolleano) TOMENTELLA (sp. nov.); ramis junioribus,
petiolis, foliolorum pagina inferiore, inflorescentis axibus arcte albido-tomentosis ;
foliis bifoliolatis vel trifoliolatis, petiolo raro in cirrhum brevem simplicem excurrente,
foliolis ovatis obtusis, interdum brevissime cuspidatis, basi nune rotundatis, nunc
sensim coarctatis, pag. sup. mox pubescentibus ibique nitescentibus; petiolulis folio-
lorum imparium petiolo plerumque duplo brevioribus, foliolorum lateralium petiolo
duplo vel triplo brevioribus, nonnunquam subzequilongis; paniculis terminalibus,
copiose ramosis, plurifloris, quam folia longioribus; pedicellis abbreviatis; calycis
late tubulosi ore recto, leviter denticulato vel truncato, dense subroseolo-tomentoso;
corolle ealycem 6-plo superantis tubo fere recto, basi angusto, superne ampliato,
limbo subbilabiato; staminibus brevissime exsertis; antherarum loculis maxime
divaricatis, angustissimis; disco elevato, cupulari, ovarium oblongum circa semi-
sequante, ovulis 2-seriatis.
Hab. Juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. florescit. (N. 1035.) Itaque in Brasilià Orientali
a cl. Glaziou lecta. (N. 11229 in Herb. Kew.)
Rami sat validi, teretes, dein glabri et cortice cervino crebre striato lenticellifero obtecti.
Foliola 4:5—7:0 em. long., 3:0-4-0 cm. lat. (imparia paullo majora); costs; secundarie
utroque latere 4-6, distanter insertz, inferioribus exemptis raro subopposite,
inferiores fere rectee, superiores arcuatee; petioli vix usque ad 3:0 cm. long.,
plerumque vero minores, ascendentes. Panicule ad 9'0 cm. long., intervallis
1:0-2:5 cm. ramuligere. Pedicelli circa 0:2 cm. long. Calyx 0'3 cm. long.,
0:25 em. lat. Corolla circa 1°7 cm. long., purpurea, ferrugineo-tomentella, tubus
1:3 em. long., basi 0°15 cm., sub limbo 0°6 em. lat., intus superne puberulus
ceterum glaber; lobi intus pubescentes. Filamenta 0:35 cm. supra basin corolle
affixa, basi pilosa, alibi glabra; antherarum loculi 0:18 cm. long. Discus 0°8 cm.
alt. Ovarium vix 1:5 cm. alt, dense tomentellum; stylus fere omnino glaber,
1:0 em. long.; stigma infundibulare, 0:03 cm. diam.
Precedenti affinis, sed indumento ac foliolis diversiformibus, prseter plura alia, facili
negotio distinguenda. [Bras. Or.)
BIGNONIA (ARRABIDEA, sensu Candolleano) GREWIOIDES (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, d ffusa,
ramis validis pubescentibus, proventu glabris, cortice cinereo manifeste striato, crebre
lenticellifero obductis; foliis petiolatis, mediocribus, ecirrhosis, plerisque unifoliolatis,
paucis superioribus bifoliolatis, foliolis ovatis vel late ovato-lanceolatis, breviter
cuspidatis, obtusis, obscure mucronulatis, deorsum rotundatis vel sensim angustatis,
margine undulatis, minutissime pulvereo-pubescentibus, dein fere glabris; paniculis
axillaribus terminalibusve, plerumque foliis brevioribus, anguste thyrsoideis, plerisque
414. MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
circa 20-30-floris, fulvo-tomentosis ; floribus parvis subsessilibus ; bracteis lanceolatis,
fulvo-tomentosis, pedicellos excedentibus ; calyce campanulato, ore recto, breviter et
subeequaliter 5-dentato, fulvo-tomentoso; corolle tubo calycem forte circa 2-plo
excedente a basi gradatim amplificato; limbo sub-bilabiato; antherarum loculis
divaricatis, oblongis; disco amplo cupulari, leviter incrassato, aliquatenus abbreviato ;
ovario anguste oblongo-lineari, arete tomentello, paullulum ante anthesin discum
breviter superante; ovulis uniseriatis.
Hab. Legi in vià inter Corumbá et Ladario mens. Jan. florescentem et fructus
immaturos proferentem. (N. 1028.)
Frutex trimetralis, abunde ramosus. Ramuli paniculiferi ad 0:3 cm. diam., fere recti,
in nodis parum tumidi, internodia insequilonga, nune 1:0, nunc 4:0 vel 5:0 cm. long.;
lenticelli parvi, punctiformes, eminentes. Foliola majora 8:'0-11:0 cm. long., et
4'0—6:0 em. lat., firme membranacea, subtus pallentia ; costze secundarize 6-8, angulis
variis insertee, rectæ vel leviter arcuatee, interdum insigniter bicrure; vens
conspicuz, rectee vel undulatze; petioli ascendentes, 0:7-2:0 cm. long., seepe sursum
et deorsum incrassati, minute pubescentes, demum glabri. Panicule 5:0-6:0 cm.
long., ascendentes. Bracteze plerumque 0:2-1:0 em. long., acute. Calyx 04 em.
long., vix 0:3 cm. lat. ; lobi 1:0 em. long. Corollam albam expansam frustra queesivi,
forsan long. circa 0'8 cm. attingat; tubus intus hine atque illinc puberulus; lobi
intus tomentelli Filamenta basi pilosa, ceterum glabra; antherarum glabrarum
loculi 0:1 cm. long. Discus 0:04 cm. alt. Ovarium paullulum ante anthesin
0:1 cm. long.; stylus glaber, complanatus ; stigma infundibulare, parvum. Capsule
vix mature exstant ad 4°5 cm. long., et 0:15-0:2 em. lat., rectee vel plus minus
curvatee, minute tomentellee, calyce nondum exserto primo basi cinctee.
Non dubito quin juxta Bignoniam Claussenii (Arrabideam Claussenii, DC.) inserenda sit,
cujus folia iis stirpis nostrze sat similia, nisi minora et semper simplicia, sed inflorescentia
et flores et fructus longe alieni. Arrabidea? platyphylla, DC., a nobis non visa, foliis
maximis semper simplicibus, basi 3—5-nervibus, paniculis terminalibus ramosissimis,
calyce minutissime denticulato, etc., gaudet. Bras. Or. | |
The periodicity in the flowering and fruiting of this plant is noteworthy, for whereas
young capsules were abundant, and multitudes of buds in various stages could be seen,
I could not find a single expanded flower, and this was not a case of cleistogamy.
BIGNONIA (CLEMATITARIA, sensu Bureaviano) MELIOIDES (sp. nov.) Seandens, glabra,
caule acute 4-angulari, vix 4-alato; foliis, petiolis patentibus fultis, membranaceis,
unijugis, jugis biternatis, segmentis imparibus, ovato-lanceolatis, breviter cuspidato-
acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel leviter angustatis; petiolo in cirrhum gracilem,
elongatum, apice 2-3-fidum excurrente; stipulis magnis, rotundato-obovatis, basi
leviter cordatis, amplexicaulibus, obtusissimis; racemis laxis, gracilibus, paucifloris,
sequilongis ; bracteis exiguis, subulatis ; floribus mediocribus, longipedicellatis ; calyce
tubuloso mediocriter elongato, puberulo, ore obscure denticulato, breviter albo-
ciliato; corollee calycem 7-plo excedentis tubo basi angusto, mox sensim ampliato ;
limbi sub-bilabiati lobis oblongo-ovatis obtusis; staminibus inclusis; antherarum
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 415
loculis divaricatis oblongo-linearibus; disco cupulari, incrassato, quam ovarium
puberulum duplo breviore; ovulis pleiostichis.
Hab. Reperi juxta Santa Cruz vigentem, et mens. Oct. florentem. (N. 406.)
Caulis 23 cm. diam., internodia elongata (15:0-18:0 cm. long.) Folia (petiolo com-
prehenso) circa 15:0 cm. long.; petiolus solus 3°5-4°5 cm.; segmenta ultima
2:0-6:0 em. long. 1:2-3:0 em. lat., segmenta imparia lateralibus semper majora,
reticulato-nervosa, nitida, subtus pallidiora; cirrhus circa 10:0 em. long., sursum
attenuatus, circa 1:0 em. apice divisus; stipule 1:0 cm. long. 1'5 em. lat.,
membranaceze, reticulato-nervosee. Racemi ad 13:0 cm. long., 8- vel pluri-flori ;
bracteze 0°1-0°3 cm. long. Pedicelli sub flore subito ampliati, 1:5-2:0 cm. long.
Calyx 0°8 em. long. sursum vix 0:5 cm. lat. Corolle puberule, albæ, tubus
pallide viridis, 5'0 em. long., deorsum 0:2-0:3 cm., sursum 2°5 em. lat., juxta
staminum insertionem pubescens, ceteroquin puberulus; limbi fere 3:5 cm. diam.,
lobi 1:0 cm. long., intus minute pubescentes. Filamenta 1:2 cm. supra basin
corollæ inserta, glabra; antherarum glabrarum loculi vix 0:3 cm. long. Stamino-
dium 0°5 cm. long., superne pilosum, apice capitellatum. Discus paullo ultra
0:1 em. alt., 0:25 em. diam. Ovarium vix 0:25 em. long., 0°08 em. lat. ; stylus 2:5 em.
long., complanatus, glaber; stigma infundibulare, 0°15 em. long., vix 0°1 cm. diam.
Capsula ignota. !
Affinis Bignonie tetragonocaule, DC., et B. jasminifolie, H. B. K., ab ambabus vero
abhorret, preeter alia, foliolis disparibus et racemis comparate elongatis. [Amazonia,
Venezuela.]
BIGNONIA ($ CONJUGATA) CAUDIGERA (sp. nov.). Scandens, caule validiusculo, subterete,
primo puberulo, mox glabro et refulgente ; foliis petiolatis bifoliolatis, foliolis late
ovatis, basi rotundatis ibique leviter cordatis, apice caudato-cuspidatis, mucronatis,
tenuiter coriaceis, glaberrimis, petiolo interdum in cirrhum brevem producto ;
paniculis axillaribus terminalibusve folia subzequantibus vel ea paullo excedentibus,
minute pubescentibus; bracteis exiguis; pedicellis quam calyces brevioribus, minute
pubescentibus ; calyce anguste tubuloso, arcte fusco-tomentello, ore obliquo 5-dentato,
uno latere breviter fisso ; corollse calycem 3-plo excedentis tubo triente inferiore
cylindraceo, hine subito ampliato; limbi sub-bilabiati lobis ovatis -obtusissimis ;
staminibus inclusis; disco abbreviato, paullo incrassato, cupulari, ab ovario
cylindraceo tomentello 23-plo superato; ovulis sub-biseriatis.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. florescit. (N. 971.)
Caulis 2:5-3:0 cm. diam., longitrorsum arcte striatus, lenticellis parvis punctiformibus
conspersus. Foliola 8:0-9'5 em. long., 4°5-5°5 em. lat., parum obliqua, leviter
undulata, impunctata, in sicco nigrescentia, utrinque fulgentia; coste secundarie
utrovis latere 5-6, raro suboppositze, aperte arcuatee vel fere rectee, venis (prsesertim
fac. sup.) eminentibus, plane reticulatis; petioli 1:0-1:5 cm. long., patentes,
petiolulos graciliores subeequantes ; cirrhi non ultra 4-0 cm. long., simplices. Pani-
cule pluriflore, ad 10°0 em. long. Bractez subulatee, minute pubescentes, +0:2
cm. long. Flores purpurei. Calyx vix 1:0 cm. long., 0:3 em. lat., usque ad +
solummodo uno latere fissus; dentes erecti, angustissimi, 0:07 cm. long. Corolla
416 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
1:5 em. long, basi 0°2 cm., sub limbo 0°5 em. lat., extus superne tomentella, intus
faucibus et limbi lobis tomentella, alibi summum puberula. Filamenta, 0°45 cm.
supra basin corolle inserta, basi pilosa; anthers 0:2 cm. long. Discus 0:1 em. alt.
Ovarium 0:25 cm. long. et 0:08 cm. lat. ; stylus teres, crassiusculus, glaber, 07 cm.
long. ; stigma elongatum, gracile, 0:25 cm. long.
Speciei nullze mihi cognite affinis, et reverá foliolis nigrescentibus, caudato-acuminatis,
basi rotundato-cordatis, et floribus comparative parvis et calycis dentibus prominulis haud
difficiliter dignoscenda.
BIGNONIA ($CoNJUGATJE) MODESTA (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, ramis teretibus, gracilibus, fusco-
tomentosis, dein arcte pubescentibus; foliis petiolatis, bifoliolatis vel trifoliolatis,
foliolis parvis lanceolatis acuminatis, raro obtusis, basi obliquis, obtusis, margine
repandis vel repando-dentatis, membranaceis, subtus in nervis minute rufo-tomentosis,
dein ibi pubescentibus; flore unico nobis obvio terminali, pedunculo rufo-tomentoso,
basi biglanduloso, petiolo breviore fulto; calycis tubulosi, tomentosi, ore breviter ac
impariter 5-lobo; corolle calycem 31-plo excedentis tubo inferne angustissimo, superne
gradatim dilatato; staminibus inclusis; antherarum loculis maxime divaricatis,
oblongis, puberulis; disco crassiusculo, quam ovarium oblongum multo breviore.
Hab. Reperi in sylvà primeevá florentem juxta Santa Cruz mens. Sept. (N. 338.)
Ramuli foliigeri 0°1 cm. diam., ad nodos aliquanto tumidos glanduliferi, internodia 4°0-
7:0 em. long. Foliola 3°3-5°5 cm. long., 0°8-1'4 cm. lat. foliolum terminale
plerumque paullo majus et longius petiolulatum, foliola omnia creberrime pellucido-
punctata; costz secundariz utroque 4-5, raro suboppositee, inferiores fere recte,
superiores leviter arcuate; petioli 1:2-1:'5 cm. long., petiolulos laterales 3-plo
excedentes et terminalem subzequantes, omnes rufo-tomentosi. Pedunculus 0*6 em.
long. Calyx vix 1:0 cm. long., medio fere 0-4 cm. lat.; lobi perbreves, rotundati,
0'1 em.long. Corolla pallide purpurea, 9:5 cm. long., 0:9 cm. diam., deorsum modo
0:1 em. lat., sub limbo 077 cm., extus tomentella, basi glabra. Filamenta, 1:0 cm,
supra basin tubi corollz inserta, inferne puberula; antherze 0:22 cm. long. Stami-
nodium circa 0:2 cm. long., apice capitellatum. Discus 0:07 em. alt. Ovarium 0°25
em. long., tomentellum ; stylus glaber. Capsula ignota.
Species elegans, foliolis parvis, lanceolatis acuminatis, corollà mediocri, inferne maxime
attenuata, congeneribus ab omnibus distinctissima.
Huic generi referendze, sed nimis mancee, exstant insequentes :
i BIGNONIA, sp Ramulis fulvo-tomentosis, demum glabris ; foliis bifoliolatis, petiolatis,
foliolis supra nitidis, subtus velutinis, ovatis, breviter acuminatis, 6:0-9:5 cm. long. ;
capsulis 10'0 cm. long., 9:5 cm. lat., pedunculo valido insidentibus ; seminibus circa
4'5 cm. lat., nucleo paullo ultra 1:0 cm. diam. Flores desunt.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, ubi inveni mens. Aug. (N. 95.)
ii. Brenonta, sp. Habitu B. Unguis, Linn., foliolis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis,
4-5-6:0 em. long., 1:8-2:5 em. lat., utrinque obtusis, apice breviter apiculatis. Nec
flores nec fructus suppetebant.
Hab. Reperi ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 278 a.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 417
MACFADYENA LAURIFOLIA, Miers, in Proc. Hort. Soc. 1863, p. 200 (ex deser.). (Spathodia
laurifolia, H. B. K.).
Hab. Flores dilute puniceos ostendit mens. Jan. in ripá fl. Paraguay ad Carandajinho,
inter Corumbá et Dorados. (N. 1018.)
I have seen no authentic specimens of this species, and so can only rely for this
identification upon Kunth’s description (Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. p. 146). The four species
M. Coito, Miers, M. platypoda, Miers, M. corymbosa, Griseb., and M. laurifolia, Miers,
are evidently very closely allied. The first of these has, however, a calyx straight
to the tip; the pedicels of M. platypoda are winged, while acuminate leaves subcordate
at the base are characteristic of M. corymbosa. Our plant, with the recurved calyx-tip
of M. corymbosa and M. laurifolia, has leaves which exactly agree with the description
given of those of the latter species. [Venezuela. |
MACFADYENA RIPARIA (sp. nov.); caule gracili ascendente, ad nodos tumido, minute
puberulo, mox glabro et cortice leucopheo eximie striato cincto; foliis plerisque
simplicibus, supremis tantummodo bifoliolatis, brevipetiolatis, late ovatis, utrinque
obtusis vel obtusissimis, coriaceo-membranaceis, glabris; inflorescentize axi termi-
nali paucifloro, ramulis anguste alatis, minute puberulis; floribus mediocribus,
pedicellis brevibus erectis sub flore obesis insidentibus ; calyce amplo, membranaceo,
paullo ultra $ spathaceo-fisso, apice incrassato, recto; corollà tubzeformi superne
gradatim ampliatà; limbi lobis late ovatis obtusis; staminibus inclusis; disco
abbreviato, quam ovarium oblongum puberulum multoties breviore; ovulis uni-
seriatis.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec.
(N. 837.)
Caulis vix semimetralis rhizomate crasso ortus, 2:0-2:5 em. diam., striatus; internodia
usque ad 10'0 em. long., suprema abbreviata. Foliorum subnitidorum juga nunc
parva, nune grandiora ; petioli 0:5-1:2 cm. long., utrinque incrassati; lamina foliorum
majorum 8:5-9:0 cm. long. et 4:5-6:0 em. lat., foliorum minorum 5:5-7:0 cm. long.
et 27-45 cm. lat., foliorum bifoliolatorum foliola ad 5:0 cm. long. et 277 em. lat.,
et petiolulis 0-4 cm. fulta; omnium costa media supra impressa, subtus eminens ;
costee secundarie utrinque 4-6, rectee vel leviter curvate, marginem versus
arcuatim et undulatim conjuncte. ^ Inflorescentia speciminis unici meos ante
oculos biflora, folia subszequans; pedicelli 0'7-0:S cm. long. Calyx 2:3 cm. long.,
puberulus, longitrorsum crebre nervosissimus. Corolle puberulz, 5:0 em. long., ut
opinor purpurez, tubus paullo supra calycem 0°7 cm. lat., sub limbo circa 2:0 em. ;
limbus 3:0 em. diam. Filamenta 0:8 cm. supra basin corolle fixa, glabra ; antherze
lineari-oblongee, glabree, vix 0:4 em. long. Ovarium 0°35 em. long., 0°15 em. lat. ;
stylus complanatus, puberulus, 27 cm. long.; stigma spathulato-infundibulare,
0:3 em. long., 0:15 cm. lat. Capsule non suppetebant.
Ex affinitate M. Coito, Miers, M. platypode, Miers, M. corymbose, Griseb., et M. lauri-
folie, Miers, a quibus foliis maxima pro parte simplicibus primo visu distinguenda.
[ Bras. Or., Venezuela, Ind. Occ.]
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 31
418 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
MACFADYENA BIPINNATA (sp. nov.). Fruticosa, erecta, caule haud volubili, terete, minute
fulvo-tomentoso, dein glabro vel fere glabro et nitido; foliis magnis, longipetiolatis,
supremis simpliciter 2-3-jugim imparipinnatis, petiolulatis, inferiorum jugis proximis
trifoliolatis, foliolis petiolulatis, oblongo-ovatis, obtusis, deorsum subito coarctatis,
ibique plus minus obliquis, margine revolutis, penninervibus, coriaceis, velutino-
tomentosis, supra metallicis, subtus subfulvis; inflorescentiá axillari vel terminali ;
paniculis angustis, racemiformibus, in sicco nigricantibus, flores mediocres pedi-
cellatos, plerumque oppositos gerentibus; pedicellis bracteas oppositas, multo breviores,
ovatas vel lanceolatas, puberulas, ad medium gerentibus ; calyce tubuloso-campanulari
primo clauso per anthesin vix usque medium spathaceo-fisso, ore breviter et impariter
lobulato; coroll calycem circa 24-plo excedentis tubo basi satis lato mox subito
amplificato; limbi lobis ovatis obtusis; staminibus verisimiliter inclusis, antheris
divaricatis, disco quam ovarium oblongum insigniter breviore; ovulis uniseriatis.
Hab. Inveni ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. florescentem. (N. 290.)
Caulis 0:2-0:3 cm. diam., longitrorsum striatulus, lenticellis parvis auctus. Folia (petiolo
excluso) 18:0-20:0 cm., suprema 10 em. long. ; foliola impunctata 3:5-6:5 cm. long.,
1:5-3:2 em. lat.; costs secundarie utrinque 6-8, basales approximate oblique vel
aperte arcuate, ese lateris unius plerumque magis eminentes; petioli 7:0-9:0 cm.
long. (fol. summorum 4°5 em.), teretes, velutini, basi pulvinati, conspicue biglandu-
liferi, petioluli velutini, nunc elongati (3°5-4°0 cm. long.), nune ad 0:2 em. abbreviati.
Paniculee ad 12:0 cm. long.; pedicelli ascendentes, foliorum inferiorum ad 1:8 cm.
long., superiorum breviores; bracteze 0:2-0:25 cm. long., in sicco nigricantes. Calyx
1:3 cm. long., 0°5 cm. lat., usque ad 0:6 cm. spathaceo-fissus, puberulus. Corolla
lutea, verisimiliter circa 4'0 cm. long., extus puberula. Filamenta 0'9 cm. supra
corollz basin inserta, glabra, antherarum loculi 0:35 cm. long., glabri. Discus 0°04
em. alt.; ovarium 0'3 cm. long., glabrum ; stylus complanatus circa 3'0 cm. long.,
stigma infundibulare circa 0:15 cm. long. et 01 cm. diam. Capsula ignota.
Sine ullà dubitatione ad M. fallacem (Bignoniam fallacem, Cham.) spectat, cujus folia
sat similia nisi minora, flores vero longe alieni. [Bras. Or.]
MACFADYENA PUBESCENS (sp. nov.) Seandens, caulibus gracilibus, hic atque illác
geniculatis, subteretibus ; ramulis ultimis arcte tomentosis, deinde glabris; foliis pro
genere parvis, breviter petiolatis, bifoliolatis, petiolo haud producto vel in cirrhum
brevem apice trifidum excurrente, vel ab apiculo pusillo nunc integro, nunc 2-3-fido
coronato, foliolis lanceolatis vel ovato-oblanceolatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis, basi
gradatim coarctatis, utrinque tomentellis, demum pubescentibus, membranaceis ;
pedunculis axillaribus, quam folia multoties brevioribus, oppositis, unifloris, tomen-
tellis; bracteis exiguis lanceolatis vel linearibus, acuminatis, juxta medium pedun-
eulum insertis, pubescentibus ; calyce sat abbreviato late tubuloso, usque ad medium
fisso, ore undulato vel impariter lobulato, apice haud incrassato ; coroll: tubo elongato,
deorsum coarctato, inde sensim amplificato, extus et intus sursum puberulo ; limbi
lobis late ovatis, obtusis; staminibus inclusis; disco maxime incrassato, abbreviato,
ter latiore quam longo, ovario cylindraceo, puberulo, multo breviore; ovulis uniseriatis.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 419
Hab. Viget in ripá fl. Paraguay, inter Villa Maria et Corumbá, ubi reperi mens. Dec.
florentem. (N. 1021.)
Caulis 2:0-3:0 cm. diam., lenticellis eminentibus passim obtectus. Foliola impunctata,
pleraque 3:0-5:0 cm. long. et 1:5-3:0 cm. lat. apice nonnunquam apiculata ;
eost:e secundariz utroque latere circa 6, nune approximatze, nunc distantes, fere
rectee, marginem versus subito arcuate, venulis obsoletis laxe reticulatis; petioli
ad 1:2 em. long. plerumque vero breviores; petioluli nulli ultra 0:5 cm. long.
(plerique 0:2-0:3 cm.). Pedunculi vix unquam ad 1:0 em. long., erecti; bractese
0:2-0:5 em. long. Calyx 1:2 cm. long., 0'8 cm. lat., preesertim inferne pubescens.
Corolla lutea, 6:5-7:0 cm. long., paullo supra basin 0:4 cm. lat., sursum 1:5 em. ;
limbus extus fere omnino glaber, 3:5 cm. diam. Filamenta circa 1:0 cm. supra
basin corollee affixa, basi puberula, ceterum glabra; anthere oblongz, puberule,
0:3 em. long. Discus 0:35 em. lat. 0:12 cm. alt. Ovarium 0:3 em. long., 0:08
em. lat.; stylus subteres, fere glaber, 3°5 em. long. ; stigma spathulato-infundibulare,
0:35 em. long. Capsula ignota.
Species distinctissima, nulli affinis, et foliis pro genere parvis pubescentibus illico
agnoscenda.
SALDANH#A LATERIFLORA, Bur. in Adansonia, viii. p. 355. :
Hab. Juxta Santa Cruz viget et mens. Sept. flores purpureos ostendit. (N. 353.)
[ Bras. Or., Goyaz.] `
ADENOCALYMNA CROCEUM (sp. nov.). Seandens, caule sat crasso, subterete, glabro,
deinde cortice subfusco, nitido, striato, lenticellifero obtecto ; foliis amplis, petiolatis,
bifoliolatis, plerisque absque cirrho paucis longe ac simpliciter cirrhosis; foliolis
late ovatis obtusis vel leviter emarginatis, basi paullo cordatis, eximie reticulato-
nervosis, membranaceo-coriaceis, supra nitidis, vetustioribus in sieco subnigricantibus;
racemis axillaribus vel terminalibus, folia majora subzequantibus, plurifloris ; floribus
mediocribus breviter pedicellatis, in sicco nigricantibus ; bracteis parvis, obovatis,
caducis; calyce alte cyathiformi, obsolete dentato, pedicellos excedente vel sub-
sequante, glandulifero; coroll: calycem 4-plo excedentis tubo sursum sensim ampliato,
sub limbo parum contracto; limbi lobis late obovatis obtusis; staminibus inclusis ;
disco brevi, carnosulo, quam ovarium lineari-oblongum multo breviore; ovulis
biseriatis.
-Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus juxta Corumbá, ubi florescit mens. Jan. (N. 980.)
Caulis ad 0'5 cm. diam., lenticellis punctiformibus adspersus. Foliola majora usque ad
13:0 em. long. et 8:5 cm. lat., minora 6:0-1:0 cm. long. et 2:5—4:3 cm. lat., margine
revoluta, subtus decoloria, minute et angustissime elliptica, pellucido-punctata ;
costee secundariz utrovis latere 6-8, inferiores distantes, angulis variis inserte ;
venulis arcte reticulatis utrinque prominulis; petioli ad 2:0 em. long., patentes,
teretes, striatuli; petioluli petiolos subzequantes vel iis longiores brevioresve.
Racemi puberuli, cito glabri ad 11-0 em. long.; pedicelli evoluti 0°5-1-0 em. long.
Bracteze 01-015 cm. long., cilioclatze. Flores crocei. Calyx 1:0 cm. long., circiter
0*6 cm. lat., carnosulus, scabriusculo-puberulus. Corolla extus minute pubescens,
312
4.20
MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
4'0 em. long.; tubus medio 0:8 cm. lat., limbus 2:5 cm. diam. Filamenta 0:8 cm.
supra basin coroll fixa, obsolete puberula; antherze oblongee, 0:3 cm. long.,
puberule. Discus 0°1 cm. alt. Ovarium 0:35 cm. long.; stylus complanatus,
puberulus, vix 2:5 em. long.; stigma bilobum, lobis oblongis, obtusis, vix 0:3 cm.
long. attingentibus. De capsulà inquirendum.
Videtur accedere ad Adenocalymna nitidum, Mart., sed foliis bifoliolatis comparative
latioribus, racemis glabris, interdum vere terminalibus, folia subzequantibus, calyce
obsolete dentato, bracteas longe superante, primo intuitu indubitate pro specie propriá
habendum. [Bras. Or.]
ANEMOP;EGMA BREVIPES (sp. nov.). Scandens, ramis teretibus, arcte striatis, fulvo-hirsuto-
tomentosis, mox pubescentibus, dein glabris ; foliis breviter petiolatis, bifoliolatis,
plerumque ecirrhosis, petiolo in cirrhum brevem interdum excurrente, nonnunquam
brevissime ultra foliolorum insertionen producto; foliolis mediocribus, breviter
petiolulatis, ovatis, plerumque acutis vel breviter cuspidato-acuminatis, apice
mucronulatis, utrinque minutissime tom entoso-pubescentibus, subtus etiam a pilis
longioribus vestitis, membranaceo-coriaceis ; stipulis foliaceis, petiolos ascendentes
hirsute tomentosos subeequantibus, late obovatis, apice oblique emarginatis, non-
nunquam mucronulatis, minutissime tomentoso-pubescentibus ; floribus mediocribus
terminalibus vel axillaribus nune solitariis, nunc in racemos maxime contractos
dispositis; pedunculis pedicellisque ascendentibus, hirsuto-tomentosis; bracteis
minutis, quam pedicelli multoties brevioribus ; calyce amplo, late infundibulari,
plerumque truncato, raro obscure lobato, puberulo; corollee tubzformis, fere
omnino glabrz, calycem circa 6-plo excedentis tubo paullo supra basin coarctato,
sursum amplificato ; lobis rotundato-ovatis, obtusissimis ; staminibus inclusis ;
disco brevi, incrassato, ore leviter undulato, quam ovarium oblongo-ovoideum 23-plo
breviore; ovulis 4-seriatis.
Hab. Florescit in sylvestribus juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1009.).
Ramuli 0:2-0:4 cm. diam., deinde cortice cinereo sparsim lenticellis parvis obsito tecti.
Foliola 4(5-9:5 cm. long., 2°5-4°5 cm. lat., subnitescentia, impunctata ; coste
secundarie utrovis latere 4-6, aperte arcuate, venis pag. inf. eminentibus, laxe
reticulatis ; petioli 05-17 cm. long., subteretes, crebre striati; petioluli 0:5 cm. long.
Stipulee firme, plerzeque 1:0-3:0 cm. long., 1:0-1:5 cm. lat., extant vero minores.
Racemi non ultra 1:5 cm. long., hirsuto-tomentosi; pedicelli pubescentes, ipso sub
flore leviter ampliati, 0:5-1:0 cm. long. Calyx 0:8-0:9 cm. long., vix totidem diam.,
carnosulus, puberulus. Corolla alba, 5:0—6:0 cm. long., extus pæne glabra, intus
juxta staminum insertionem pubescens, ceteroquin glabra; tubus basi vix 0:5 cm.
lat, paullo supra basin ad 0°3 cm. coarctatus, sub limbo 1:5 cm. diam.; limbus
3°0 em. diam. Antherarum loculi divaricati, oblongi, puberuli, 04 cm. long.
Discus vix 0: cm. alt, 0:3 cm. lat. Ovarium 0:25 cm. long. minutissime
pubescens, longitrorsum costulatum; stylus incrassatus, glaber, 4 5 cm. long.;
stigmatis brevissime exserti lobi rotundati, 0°15 cm. long.
Species distinetissima, ob indumentum et folia brevipetiolata faciliter cognoscenda.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 421
ANEMOPAGMA DECORUM (sp. nov.). Fere omnino glabrum, caule ascendente, gracili,
quadrangulari ; foliis modice petiolatis, bifoliolatis, ecirrhosis sive sepissime longe
ac simpliciter cirrhosis, foliolis petiolulatis, ovatis vel late ovatis, basi rotundatis,
leviter cordatis, apice breviter cuspidatis, papyraceis, utrinque, preesertim vero pag.
sup., refulgentibus ; stipulis amplis, rotundato-ovatis, amplexicaulibus, quam petioli
brevioribus ; floribus solitariis, axillaribus vel paucis ex axillis foliorum superiorum
ortis, subumbellatim dispositis ; inflorescentiis ultimis cymulosis, plerumque
bifloris; pedicellis, calycem excedentibus, una cum inflorescentiz axibus, gracilibus ;
calyce abbreviato, tubuloso-campanulari, ore truncato, obsolete 5-dentato; corollse
calycem 8-plo excedentis tubo a basi sensim ampliato; limbi lobis rotundatis,
obtusissimis ; staminibus inclusis ; disco parvo ; ovario cylindrico minute tomentello,
ovulis 4-serialibus.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi inveni florescentem mens. Jan. (N. 980.)
Caulis 0:15-0:2 cm. diam., longitrorsum striatus. Foliola 7:0-9'0 cm. long., 4'0-
6:5 em. lat., basi plus minus obliqua, margine repanda, minutissime pellucido-
punctata; coste secundariz utroque latere 4-6, distantes, raro opposite vel
suboppositze, juxta marginem arcuatim et undulatim connexe ; petioli 2:0-3:0 cm.
long., graciles, subteretes, petiolulos circa duplo excedentes; cirrhi tenues, sursum
filamentosi, usque ad 120 em. long.; stipule ad 1:5 cm. lat., modieze vero 0°8-1:0
cm., obtusæ vel obtusissimze, brevissime apiculatee. Pedicelli plerumque 1:5-2:5 cm.
long. Calyx 0:6-077 em. long., carnosulus, puberulus, ore ciliato. Corolla obscure
puberula, 5:0 cm. long., tubus basi 0'3 em. lat., mox usque ad 1'0 em. ampliatus,
sub limbo circa 1:5 em. diam., intus basi puberulus. Filamenta longiora 1:0 cm.
supra basin corollz fixa, omnia glabra et crassiuscula; anthere divaricate,
oblongze, vix 0:4 cm. long.; staminodium filiforme 0°55 cm. long., 0:35 cm. supra
basin corolle insertum. Discus 0:04 alt, ore undulato. Ovarium 0'3 cm. long.,
paullo ultra 0'1 em. diam., apice parum attenuatum; stylus crassiusculus, com-
planatus, glaber. |
Species eximia, forte haud procul ab 4. Chamberlaynii (Bignonia Chamberlaynii, Sims)
interealanda, insigniter divergens vero foliorum forma, stipulis multo majoribus, etc.
[Bras. Or.]
ANEMOPAGMA SYLVESTRE (sp. nov.) Seandens, caulibus gracilibus, subteretibus, ad
nodos tumidis, crebro patenti-fulvo-pubescentibus, mox glabris; foliis breviter vel
longius petiolatis, bifoliolatis, nune ecirrhosis, nune petiolo pubescente, demum glabro,
in cirrhum longum simplicem excurrente ; foliolis, a petiolulis brevibus fulvo-pubes-
centibus suffultis, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acutis vel breviter cuspidato-
acuminatis, basi aliquanto coarctatis, reticulato-nervosis, coriaceo-membranaceis,
nitidis; stipulis magnis, rotundato-ovatis, acutis vel obtusis vel obtusissimis, quam
petioli brevioribus vel subzequilongis; floribus sat magnis, pedunculo brevissimo
insidentibus, solitariis vel binis; pedicellis abbreviatis, pedunculum multo super-
antibus; bracteis exiguis; calyce late tubuloso-campanulato, ore truncato vel
summum undulato; corolle calycem 6-plo excedentis tubo curvato, basi sat lato,
422 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
paullo supra calycem dilatato ; staminibus inclusis; disco lato, crassiusculo,
ovarium oblongum, compressum, puberulum, circa $ equante ; ovulis 4-seriatis.
Hab. In ripis viget fll. Paraguay, dos Bugres, et Brasinho, ubi flores mens. Oct.
probet. (Nn. 433, 627, 634.)
Foliola ad 10:5 cm. long. (pleraque vero 7:5-9:0 cm.) et 3:0—4-5 cm. lat., glandulis vix
pellucidis crebre instructa; coste secundarie utroque latere 6-8, distantes vel
suboppositee, inferiores oblique insertz, supreme patentes; petioli vix ad 3°0 em.
long. (plerique 1:0-2:5 cm.), patentes vel recurvi, petioluli plerumque 0:8-1:0
em. long.; cirrhi usque ad 13:0 em. long. ; stipulee plerzeque circa 1:5 cm. long. et
1:0 cm. lat, glandulose. Pedunculi 0:2-0:3 cm. long. patenti-pubescentes.
Pedicelli +1:0 em. long., patenti-pubescentes. Calyx subcarnosulus, fere glaber,
0:8 cm. long. ore 0'7-0:9 em. lat., plus minus ciliato. Corolla fere glabra, alba,
tubo dilute viridi in toto 5:0 em. long. ; tubus basi vix 0:5 em. lat., sub limbo paullo
ultra 1:0 em. amplificatus, 4-0 cm. long., intus juxta staminum insertionem albo-
pubescens, ceterum glaber; limbi 3:0 cm. diam., lobi rotundato-ovati, obtusissimi,
subzquales, 1:2-1:3 cm. lat. Filamenta 1:5 cm. supra basin corolle inserta,
complanata, crassa, glabra; anthere glabra, vix 0°35 cm. long. et 01 cm. lat.
Discus circa 0:15 cm. alt. Ovarium 0'4 em. long., superne sensim attenuatum ;
stylus complanatus, glaber, 4'0 cm. long.; stigma brevissime exsertum, lobi sui
ovati, acuminati, vix 0:3 em. long.
Anemopegmati albe, Mart., proximum, speciei mihi nisi descriptione ignotze; ab ea,
attamen, stirpem meam facili negotio secernere potes, preter alia, ob folia nunquam
3-foliolata. [ Bras. Or. |
PITHECOCTENIUM SQUALUS, DC. Prod. ix. p. 194.
Hab. In sylvestribus ad Corumbá mens. Jan. florescit. (N. 979.) [Bras. Or. |
TABEBUIA NODOSA, Griseb. Pl. Lorentz. p. 175 (ex descript.).
Frutex altus vel arbuscula. Flores lutei. (N. 1053.)
Hab. Viget in ditione Chacoensi ad Puerto Pacheco, mens. Feb. florens.
I have no hesitation in naming my specimens as above. The species, curiously
enough, is closely allied to some Cuban ones, notably 7. trachycarpa, Griseb., as Grisebach
himself notes. [Argentina.]
TABEBUIA CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov.). Fere glabra, fruticosa, ramosa, ramis validis, teretibus,
glabris, sparsim foliatis; foliis longius petiolatis, trifoliolatis, foliolis breviter petiolu-
latis, ovatis, utrinque rotundatis, apice emarginatis, coriaceis, penninervibus ; costis
secundariis utroque latere 5-6 sub margine areuatis; floribus pedicellatis in
racemum corymbiformem pauciflorum, foliis breviorem, e ramis defoliatis ortum
dispositis; bracteis minutis, quam pedicelli multoties brevioribus ; calycis tubuloso-
campanularis ore breviter 5-dentato ; corolle calycem circa 5-plo excedentis
tubo curvato, inferne gracili, ima basi vero ampliore et superne sensim dilatato;
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 428
staminibus inclusis; disco incrassato, breviter cyathiformi; ovario cylindraceo,
ovulis 2-serialibus.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 79.)
Frutex parvus, diffusus, presertim sursum foliatus. Ramuli patentes et reverá
angulo fere recto ramis inserti, bruneo-cinerei, sparsim ac grosse lenticelliferi,
longitrorsum crebre striati. Petioli 5:5-6*0 em. long., subteretes, imá basi leviter
ampliati, striati; foliola paullo imparia (scilicet folium terminale paullo majus),
6:5-8:5 em. long., 4:5 vix 6'0 cm. lat., basi parum obliqua, margine leviter undulata,
impunctata, supra obscure nitida ibique manifeste reticulato-nervosa, subtus
pallida; petioluli suffulcientes ad 1:0 cm. long., folioli terminalis petiolulus paullo
longior. Racemus 5:0 em. long., 6-florus. Pedicelli usque ad 177 em. long., plerique
minores ad vel infra medium bracteati. Bractee triangulares, villoso-ciliate,
0°04 cm. long. Calyx 0:8-0:9 em. long., 0°6 cm. lat., puberulus, subcarnosulus.
Corolla 4°5 em. long., extus velutino-tomentosa, intus tomentella et ad staminum
insertionem villosa, pallide purpurea, faucibus albis ima basi 0°6 cm. lat., paullulum
supra basin ad 0:3 cm. coarctata, sub limbo circa 1:5 em. lat. Filamenta 0'6 em.
supra basin corollee inserta, aliquanto incrassata, fere glabra; anthere loculi
divaricati, lineari-oblongi, 0:35 cm. long. Discus 0:1 em. alt., vix 0:3 cm. diam.
Ovarium 0:1 cm. lat.; stylus glaber, circa 2:5 cm. long.; stigmatis lobi ovati,
acuminati, 0:25 cm. long. Capsula ignota.
Forsan ex affinitate Tabebuie hemanthe, DC., et T. tryphylle, DC., sed multis signis
ab ambabus dispar. [Ind. Oce.]
TABEBUIA AUREA?, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 2, p. 1042. (Bignonia aurea ?,
Silva Manso.) Arbor formosa, usque ad 12-metralis, tempore florendi foliis orba vel
etiamnum instructa, crebre ramosa, sursum solummodo foliigera; ramulis ultimis
0*6 cm. diam., fere rectis, ad foliorum insertionem paullo ampliatis, cinereis, lenti-
cellis eminentibus ellipticis majusculis inspersis; foliis longipetiolatis (pet. usque
ad 11:0 em. long.), digitatim 5-foliolatis; foliolis oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis, obtu-
sissimis, inferne obliquis ibique rotundatis, coriaceis, glabris (8:5-9:0 em. long.),
petiolulis elongatis fol. cent. eos fol. lat. semi-excedentibus, obesis, basi dilatatis,
usque ad 5*0 em. long. insidentibus ; cost’ mediá subtus eminente ; costis secundariis
utrinque 6'7, angulo fere recto insertis, nonnunquam suboppositis, sub margine
revoluto arcuatim et undulatim connexis; panicule quam folia breviores, ramis
incrassatis, vix alatis, plurifloris ; bracteis parvis, triangulari-ovatis, acutis, deciduis,
0:2 em. long.; floribus brevipedicellatis ; calyce 1:5 cm. long., medio 0'5 cm. lat.,
ad 0*4 em. fisso; corollá aureá, vix 7:0 em. long., sub limbo 2:0 em. lat.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada sat abundat, itaque ipsis in montibus; mens.
Aug. floret. (N. 39.)
Silva Manso (Enum. Subst. Bras. p. 40) gives a very brief diagnosis of his Bignonia
aurea, which was copied by De Candolle in the * Prodromus? My chief reason for
thinking this plant to be the same as Manso’s is that it is so common and so conspicuous
an object near Cuyaba that it could scarcely have been overlooked by Manso’s collectors ;
424 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
moreover, I saw no other Tabebuia with golden flowers in the neighbourhood. On the
other hand, mine differs from Manso's in the leaflets not being cordate at the base, and
in being supported on petiolules sometimes at least half as long as the leaflet itself, and
these could not be correctly described as “ breviusculis,” which is the term applied by
Manso to the petiolules of his plant. Unfortunately, my only specimen of this tree is
but a poor one, so that I cannot say whether the points of difference above-mentioned
are or are not constant.
[TABEBUIA AVELLANEDA, Lorentz.
Hab. Crescit passim in provincia. Tempore florendi foliis caret. Flores rosacei.
This is the celebrated Lepacho tree, very well known in Paraguay, and a conspicuous
feature in the August landscape some way up into Matto Grosso; our woodcutters
found it even above Santa Cruz, the wood being in constant use for the furnace ;
indeed, for this purpose it is preferred to that of all other trees. Although I saw plenty
of the trees, especially in passing up the river, I was unable to secure either flowering
or fruiting specimens.] [Argentina, Paraguaria. |
In hoc genus verisimiliter trahenda sunt specimina duo insequentia :—
i. TABEBUIA, sp. indet. Arbuscula tempore florendi foliis orba, caule sat valido,
undulato, a lateribus compresso, cinereo, glabro, longitrorsum striato; paniculis
thyrsoideis, pubescentibus, 15:0—18:0 cm. long., plurifloris; floribus purpureis,
mediocribus, geminis, a pedicellis erectis, gracilibus, sub apice amplificatis fultis ;
calyce parvo, angusto, tubuloso, ore breviter subzequaliter 5-lobo, minute pubescente,
0:5 cm. long., 03 cm. lat.; corolle, extus puberulee, calycem 10-plo excedentis,
tubo 5'0 cm. long., paullo supra calycem angustate, deinde sensim ampliato, sub
limbo circa 1:5 cm. diam. ; limbi 2:5 em. diam., lobis rotundatis, obtusis ; staminibus
inclusis; filamentis, 1:0 cm. supra basin corolle fixis, glabris. Nec folia nec
fructus suppetebant.
Hab. Inveni in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, inter Cuyabá et Santa Anna
da Chapada, mens. Aug. florentem. (N. 201.)
This is closely related, in all probability, to the Lepacho, but very distinct in many
points. |
ii. TABEBUIA, sp. indet. Fruticulus humilis, caule erecto, minute puberulo, subterete,
inferne 0^7 cm. diam. ; foliis longe ac obese petiolatis, 4—5-natis ; foliolis exterioribus
brevissime petiolatis, latere interiore basi excepto, omnibus coriaceis, supra puberulis,
subtus minute pubescentibus, foliolorum reliquorum petiolulis laminà 3-33-plo
brevioribus, foliolis obovato-oblongis, apice emarginatis, basi leviter cordatis; petiolis
facie superiore late canaliculatis. Neque flores vidi nec fructus.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi Para-todo nuncupatur. (N. 555 a.)
Petioli 11:0—15:0 em. long., usque ad 0:5 diam., erecti, rigidi, longitrorsum striati, minute
puberuli. Foliola exteriora 5'0-14'0 cm. long., paria interdum maxime in:equalia ;
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 425
foliola interiora 12°0-18-0 cm. long., 5:0-9:0 em. lat., omnia crebre pellucido-punctata ;
costee secundari: utrinque circa 6, una cum costá mediá subtus maxime eminentes :
petioluli obesi, late canaliculati, 3-0-6'0 cm. long.
According to Silva Manso, the true Para-todo is his Bignonia aurea, already
referred to, but the present plant is certainly different from that. Although 1 could get
neither its flowers nor its fruit, 1 feel convinced that my plant is a Zabebuia, sessile
external leaflets being characteristic of many species of the genus.
As its name implies, the plant is considered a universal specific by the credulous
country-people.
JACARANDA CUSPIDIFOLIA, Mart. in Flora, xxiv. (1841) II. Beibl. 51.
Hab. Frequens in sylvestribus prope Santa Cruz, ubi flores et fructus simul fert menss.
Sept. et Oct. (N. 337.)
Arbor gracilis, usque ad 12-metralis, ramis cinereis. Foliola 1:0-1:8 cm. long. Capsula
6:5 cm. long., 6:0 em. diam. Semina 2:5 x 1:5 cm., nucleo 0:6 em. diam.
'The species is endemic in Matto Grosso.
ACANTHACEX.
HYGROPHILA LONGIFOLIA, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 21.
Hab. Crescit in ripis fl. Paraguay prope Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. Erecta,
ultrametralis. Flores purpurei. (N.322.) [Bras. Or., Uruguaria, Mexico.]
STEPHANOPHYSUM LONGIFOLIUM, Pohl, Ic. Plant. Bras. ii. p. 85.
Hab. In sylvestribus montium Serra de Tapirapuan mens. Sept. floret. (N. 384.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Peruvia. |
RUELLIA Purr, Mart. ex Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 35.
Hab. Crescit in angustiis montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 71.)
[Bras. Or.]
RUELLIA PURI, Mart., var. LONGIPETIOLATA (var. nov.).
Foliorum inferiorum petioli 4°5 em. long., et lamina dimidio breviores.
Hab. Reperi ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florentem. (N. 174.) Planta deorsum
aphylla. Flores purpurei.
RUELLIA GEMINIFLORA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 240.
Hab. Frequens inter Cuyabá et Santa Cruz, ubi floret menss. Sept.-Nov. (N. 605.)
(Amer. Austr. Trop. et Subtrop., Ins. Trinitatis. |
RUELLIA GEMINIFLORA, H. B. K., var. NUDIPES (var. nov.). Caulis sursum solummodo
foliatus. Folia parva, ovata vel lanceolata, 2:0- vix 3°0 em. long., hirsutulo-
pubescentia. Corolla, extus pubescens, 3:0-3:5 cm. long. Anthere oblong, basi
acute, 0:35-0:38 em. long.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3k
426 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada satis abundat, mens. Aug. flores lilacinos
ostendens. (N. 43.)
RUELLIA HUMILIS, Pohl, ex Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 39.
Hab. Crescit in arenosis apertis juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. flores lacteos preebens.
[ Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana. |
Huic generi etiam refero specimina duo nimis manca et revera floribus orba, nempe :—
i RUELLIA ($ DIPTERACANTHUS), sp. affinis R. patule, Salzmann.
Hab. Fructificat ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 582.)
ii, RUELLIA ($ CRYPHIACANTHUS), sp. nov.? Accedens ad C. udum, Nees, plantam mihi
non obviam et ex descriptione solum cognitam. Stirps nostra a C. wdo abhorret
foliis petiolatis, calycis glabri (nequaquam hirsuti) laciniis angustissimis, 1:1 cm.
long., capsulam «equantibus.
Hab. Ad Corumbá lecta mens. Jan. (N. 964.)
STENANDRIUM PRACOX (sp. nov.) Scaposus, rhizomate valido, noduloso, radices
longissimas parce fibrillosas emittente, scapis folio unico parvo nondum expanso
basi munitis, pubescentibus, crassiusculis ; floribus sat magnis, sessilibus, confertis ;
bracteis lanceolatis acutis vel acutiusculis, calycem excedentibus ; bracteolis
bracteis similibus nisi multo minoribus; calycis insequipartiti lobis lanceolatis
acutis; bracteolis longioribus; corolle sat magnze tubo parum curvato, faucibus
brevibus et parum ampliatis; limbi lobis pósticis brevioribus et altius connatis ;
antheris barbellatis; capsulà ignota.
Hab. Exemplarium unicum reperi in sylvá juxta Santa Cruz mens. Sept. florens.
(N. 293.)
Rhizoma 0'4 cm. crass. ; radices ad 22:0 em. long., primo tenues, mox quodammodo incras-
satz; fibrillze tenuissim:e, simplices vel subsimplices. Folia petiolata, adulta oblan-
ceolata (?), obtusa, subtus fulvo-tomentosa. Scapi ad 14:0 cm. alt., triente superiore
florigeri, minute pubescentes, saltem in sicco lateraliter compressi. Bracteze 0'85-
0'5 em. long., firme, erectze, utrinque minute pubescentes, albido-hirsutulo-ciliate ;
bracteolz 0:2 cm. long., ciliatee. Flores dilute purpurei. Calycis lobi 0:25-0:3 em.
long., usque ad 0:1 cm. lat., membranacei, extus puberuli, margine ciliolati. Corolle
extus pubescentis tubus 0°7 cm. long., basi 0:13 cm. lat., faucibus 0:3 cm. diam.;
limbi circa 1:3 cm. diam., lobi antici 065-07 cm. long., 0-4 em. lat., lobi postici
0:45 cm. long., vix 0:3 em. lat.; corolla intus, palato crispe pubescente exempto,
glabra. Filamenta antheris sequilonga, glabra, 0'5 cm. supra basin corolle fixa;
antherz parum insequales, usque ad 0'1 cm. long.
Nulli nisi S. Riedeliano affine, sed, preeter alia, floribus precocibus, confertis, majoribus,
et bracteis longioribus, calycem insequipartitum excedentibus, faciliter distinguendum.
[Bras. Or.] :
STENANDRIUM AFFINE (sp. nov.) Humilis, caulescens, radicibus pluribus orthotropis
seu plagiotropis, in initio attenuatis, mox incrassatis, fere simplicibus; caule erecto-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 427
simplici vel sursum parum ramoso, patenti-hirsuto-hispidulo, dein pubescente; foliis
subsessilibus, raro brevissime petiolatis, lanceolatis vel lanceolato-oblongis, obtusis
vel acutiusculis, basi leviter attenuatis, margine ciliatis, ceteroquin appresse pilosis,
nequaquam nitentibus ; spicis abbreviatis, paucifloris, pedunculis sat elongatis, sepe
folia excedentibus, axillaribus vel terminalibus, hispidulo-hirsutis, aphyllis; bracteis
lanceolatis, acutis vel acuminatis, nunquam apice ipso leviter incrassatis, longe
ciliatis; bracteolis subulatis, calycem semi-sequantibus, dorso puberulis, margine
ciliolatis ; calycis lobis parum inzequalibus, lineari-lanceolatis ; corollze tubo, calycem
paullo excedente, parum curvato, faucibus brevibus, lobis posticis paullulum altius
connatis, lobo antico majusculo; capsula ignota.
Hab. Viget circa Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret. (N. 588.)
Radices ad 6:0 cm. long., nunc subito, nune gradatim incrassatee, undulatee, nec ultra
0:15 cm. diam. Caulis semispithameus vel minus, teres, sursum tantummodo foliiger:
Fclia plerumque 2:0-3:5 em. long., 0'8-1:0 em. lat., inferiora plerumque minora et
interdum fere obsoleta; costs secundarie utrinque modo 3-4, oblique inserte,
ascendentes, inde margini parallel, par infimum subobsoletum ; costa media subtus
maxime prominula, crassiuscula, in sicco pilis strigosis albidis plus minus dense
obsita. Pedunculi plerique 1:0—4'0 cm. long., una cum caule pilis plerumque
ochraceis vel subfulvis, raro albidis instructi. Spice plereque circa 1:0 em. long.,
raro L'7 cm. attingentes. Bractez 0:5-1:0 cm. long., arcte imbricatee, dorso ap-
presse strigoso-pilosee, 5-nerves, reticulato-nervose; bracteolee circa 0:2 cm. long.,
firms, carinulate. Flores albi, faucibus luteolis. Calyx vix 0'4 em. long.; lobi
acuminati, dorso puberuli. Corollee circa 0'7 cm. diam. tubus vix 0:5 cm. long.,
0:07 em. diam., faucibus antice fulvo-pubescentibus; limbi lobi postici obovati,
0:25 em. long.; lobi laterales postici subsimiles nisi paullo longiores ; lobus anticus
rotundato-ovatus, extus pilosulus, intus basi fulvo-pubescens. Filamenta antheris
breviora, 0:23 cm. supra basin corollae inserta; antherz dense albo-barbellate,
0:12 cm. long. Ovarium oblongum, 0:12 cm. long., glabrum; stylus vix 2:5 em.
long.; stigma 0°03 cm. long.
Species inter S. hirsutum, Nees, et S. villosum, Nees, ambigens, et certo ambobus arcte
affinis. Ab illo abhorret staturá humiliore, spicis abbreviatis, bracteis minoribus haud
elliptico-oblongis obtusis cum mucronulo, bracteolis puberulis comparate longioribus nec
calyce + brevioribus et glabris, corolla tubo breviore et limbo diam. minore, etc. Ab
S. villoso distat, inter alia, ob indumentum dispar, et corollam albam nec rubro-violaceam.
[ Bras. Or.]
STENANDRIUM SPATHULATUM (sp. nov.) Caulescens, herbaceum, subspithameum vel
pusillum ; radicibus elongatis, simplicibus, plus minus plagiotropicis, in initio
tenuibus, mox paullo ampliatis; caule rhizomate brevi, erecto, simplici vel sparsim
ramoso, minute tomentoso; foliis ovatis vel obovatis, obtusissimis, nonnunquam
levissime emarginatis, in petiolum brevem sensim desinentibus, interdum vero basi
subrotundatis, firmis, membranaceis; spicis simplicibus, brevibus, a foliis superatis,
peduneulatis vel subsessilibus, densi- et paucifloris; bracteis elongatis, spathulatis,
3K2
428 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
calycem excedentibus, hispidulo-puberulis; bracteolis, calyce multo brevioribus,
subulatis; calycis lobis manifeste inzequalibus; coroll: tubo, calyci subzequilongo,
deorsum et in faucibus ampliato; lobis posticis reliquis minoribus et altius connatis ;
antheris apice barbellatis; capsulá oblonga, 4-spermá, seminibus hispidulis.
-Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. florescit. (No. 958.)
Herba parva, interdum nec ultra 4°0 cm. alt. Rhizoma parum tortuosum vel rectum,
usque ad 0:25 em. diam., ssepe vero tenuius; radices ad 7:0 cm. long. et 0:1 cm.
diam., in sicco una cum rhizomate bruneze. Caulis teres, 0'1 em. diam., rectus,
nodis nequaquam tumidis. Folia spec. majoris ad 6:5 cm. long. et 3:6 em. lat.,
spece. minorum nee ultra 3:3 cm. long. et 1:0 cm. lat., omnia subtus decoloria ;
coste secundarie utroque 4-6, suboppositee vel alternantes, costzte medize oblique
insertze. Spicee, pedunculo haud exempto, 1:0-2:0 cm. long.; pedunculi soli non-
nunquam 1'0 em. attingentes, minute tomentosi; spiez ipse 1:0-1:5 cm. long., 1:0—
1:3 cm. diam. Bracteze 07/-0:8 cm. long., inferne late lineares, superne subito
spathulato-dilatatee, plane retieulato-nervoss, margine ciliate. Bracteole vix 0:2
em. long. puberule. Flores dilute punicei. Calycis 0'5 cm. long., lobi anguste
lineares, acutati, puberuli. Corolle extus puberulo-pilose tubus intus puberulus,
vix 0°5 em. long., basi 0:18 cm. lat., ad staminum insertionem usque ad 01 em,
coarctatus, faucibus circa 0:25 cm. diam. ; labii antici, 0°65 cm. long., lobi laterales
oblongi, lobus intermedius ovatus, basi pubescens, omnes obtusi; labii postici lobi
ad + connati, oblongi, obtusiusculi, lobis anticis paullo breviores. Stamina 0°28 cm.
supra basin corolle affixa; filamenta antheris duplo breviora; antherz anguste
lineares, 0°12 cm. long.; staminodium brevissimum. Ovarium oblongum, apice
ipso subito angustatum, puberulum, 0:17 em. long.; stylus 0:25 em. long., sursum
parum incrassatus ibique pilosulus ; stigmatis lobi abbreviati. Capsula pallida, 0:6
cm. long.; valvæ obtuse, puberule. Semina brunea, 0°15 cm. diam., retinaculis
apice dilatatis fulta.
Nulli nisi Stenandrio mandioccano, Nees, affine, abs quo abhorret staturá humili, foliis
disparibus, bracteis multo minoribus etiamsi satis similibus, floribus minoribus haud
pubescentibus, capsulis haud fuscis. (Bras. Or. |
ERANTHEMUM CONGESTUM (sp. nov.); caule e rhizomate elongato, ascendente, parum
ramoso, geniculato, pubescente, mox glabro et cortice laxo cervino annulatim et
lemniscatim disrupto obtecto; foliis sequalibus vel subzequalibus, ad apicem ramu-
lorum novellorum confertis, parvis, sessilibus, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, raro
ovatis, obtusis vel acutiusculis, deorsum attenuatis, subtus puberulis; floribus, ex
axillis foliorum superiorum ortis, breviter pedunculatis; bracteis bracteolisque
subsequalibus, lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, pedicello subzequilongis ; calycis lobis
linearibus, acuminatis; coroll parvee calycem circa 3-plo excedentis limbi lobis
eequalibus ; staminibus subsessilibus; antheris inclusis, basi obtusis; disco cupulari,
ovario late oblongo, stylo apice bilobo, capsulá generis.
Hab. In sylvis reperi prope vicum Jangada mens. Sept. pl. florentem et fructificantem.
. (N. 264.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 429
Semimetrale vel minus. Caulis, ramulis novellis exemptis, omnino aphyllus, subteres,
juveniles compressiusculi et, secus lineas duas crispe pubescentes, dein glabri. Folia
usque ad 4°3 cm., plerumque vero 2:0-3:0 cm. long., 1:0-1:5 cm. lat., membranacea,
subtus decoloria; costz secundaris utrinque circa 4, superiores eximie fornicate,
inferiores primo subrectee, dein arcuate. Pedunculi 0:25 em. long., 0:075 cm. lat.,
puberuli. Bractez et bracteole circa 0:25 cm. long., dorso minute pubescentes.
Flores dilute ezerulei. Calyx 0:5 em. long., fere usque ad basin minute pubescens.
Corolle tubus, extus puberulus, 1:4 cm. long. basi 0°16 cm., medio vix 1:0 cm.,
superne fere 0:2 cm. lat.; limbi lobi oblongi, obtusi, 0:55 cm. long. Filamenta, 1:0
em. supra basin coroll: fixa, vix 0:1 em. long.; antherze 0:22 cm. long. ; staminodia
abbreviata, filiformia, filamentis paullo breviora. Ovarium 0:15 cm. long. Capsula
1:6-1:8 em. long., obscure puberula, pars seminifera 0:9 em. long.; valve acutate ;
retinacula obtusa, 0:2 em. long. Semina 0:25 cm. diam., cinerea, minute sero-
biculata
Affine Eranthemo heterophyllo, Nees, cujus folia attamen nequaquam congesta et
multo majora, flores majores, antherse multo breviores et filamentis duplo longioribus
fultee, ovarium anguste lineare nec late oblongum, et capsula longior. [Bras. Or.]
CH#HTOTHYLAX TOCANTINUS, Nees, in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 140.
Hab. Inveni in ripá fl. Paraguay, juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. (N. 306.) [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz. |
JUSTICIA ($ GENDARUSSA) OREADUM (sp. nov.); caule ascendente, obscure tetragono,
passim geniculato, striato, pubescente, mox glabro et nitido; foliis amplis, late
ovato-lanceolatis, longe acuminatis, basi in petiolum 1:2-2:5 cm. long. attenuatis,
utrinque subappresse pilosis, tenuiter membranaceis; spicis solitariis, terminalibus,
foliis brevioribus, simplicibus, pubescenti-tomentellis, pedunculo brevi pubescente
vel puberulo insidentibus; bracteis parvis, lineari-lanceolatis, leviter acuminatis,
calycem subzequantibus vel excedentibus ; bracteolis lineari-lanceolatis, quam calycis
segmenta insequalia ejusdem forme fere duplo brevioribus, omnibus (sc. brac.,
bracteol., et cal. seg.) pubescentibus; corolle majuscule tubo, calycem 23-plo
excedente, quam limbus paullo longiore, recto, medio constricto, sursum valde
amplifieato; disco lobato, quam ovarium 3-plo breviore; ovario oblongo, obtuso,
puberulo ; stigmate simplici.
Hab. Inveni in vallecula umbrosá in montibus Serra da Chapada ad circa 300 met. alt.
supra mare. (N. 172.) d
Ultrametralis, diffusus, superne tantum foliatus. Folia ad 17:0 em. long. (ssepius vero
circa 12:0 cm.), 4:5-6:5 em. lat., margine repanda, basi subito vel gradatim attenuata ;
costze secundari:e utrinque circa 10, inferiores fere rectze, superiores arcuatze ; venulee
laxe reticulate, inconspicuze; petioli circiter 1:5 cm. long., mox piloso-puberuli,
sursum anguste alati. Spicz circa 6:0 cm. long., erectee; pedunculi 1:3-2:0 cm.
long. Bractex fll. inf. ad 0'8 cm., fil. sup. 04-05 cm. long., uninervis. Bracteolee
vix 0'3 em. long. Calycis segmentum posticum reliquis fere 0°5 cm. long. paullo
430 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
angustius e£ modo 0:35 cm. long. Alabastrum aperiens 2:0 cm. long., extus minute
pubescens. Corolle subviridis purpureo-lineatee tubus 1:1 cm. long., basi 0'2 cm.,
sursum 0°6 em. lat.; labium anticum vix 1:0 cm. long. et lat., late obovatum, ad
0:15 cm. obtusissime trifidum ; labium posticum antico paullo breviore, rotundato-
ovatum, obtusum, integrum. Stamina ad 0'8 cm. a basi corolle inserta ; filamenta
cava, aliquanto complanata, 07 cm. long. ; connectivus crassiusculus ; antherarum
loculi elliptici, complanati; loc. superior apice breviter apiculato, loc. inferior calcari
brevi albo curvato instructus. Discus conspicuus, 0:07 em. alt. Ovarium circa 0:2
cm. long. et 0:08 cm. lat., subcompressum; stylus 1'2 cm. long., basi obsolete
pilosula. Capsule desiderantur.
Species distinctissima, nec cum ullà congenerum mihi cognitá conferenda.
JUSTICIA ($ AMPHISCOPIA) METALLICORUM (sp. nov.) Spithamea, radicibus elongatis,
fibratis, rectis vel paullo undulatis, cinereis, radicellis paucis tenuissimis exemptis
simplicibus; caule e rhizomate brevissimo, crassiusculo, crebre radicigero, assur-
gente, terete, simplici (an semper?), tenui, dimidio inferiore aphyllo, obscure
geniculato; folis aliquanto confertis, ovatis acutis vel obtusis, raro parum cuspi-
datis, deorsum in petiolum perbrevem gradatim desinentibus, membranaceo-
coriaceis, puberulis; spicá terminali foliis subzequilongáà deorsum e spicis oppositis
brevibus sursum simplici pubescente; bracteis, bracteolis, calycisque segmentis pilis
glandulosis et simplicibus, hirsutulis, illis obovatis acutis, calyce brevioribus;
bracteolis lanceolatis, bracteis sequilongis; calycis 5-partiti segmentis linearibus
acutis; corollee mediocris tubo limbo subzequilongo, fere recto, sursum gradatim
ampliato; disco cupulari ; ovario oblongo, triquetro, pubescente ; stigmate spathulari ;
capsulá oblongá, acuminatá, compressa, minute pubescente ; seminibus 4, retinaculis
truncatis suffultis.
Hab. Reperi inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. flores et fructus simul
ostendentem. (N. 44.)
Radices ad 13:0 cm. long., in initio 0°1 cm. diam., sensim attenuate. Caulis levis, in
sicco prasinus, circa 0:15 cm. diam., in nodis vix tumidus, sed, floribus dilapsis, plane
nodulosus ; internodia lined longitudinali pilosá instructa. Folia ad 6:0 cm. long.,
plerumque vero 4:0-4/5 cm., medio 2:2-2:8 cm. lat., pag. inf. dilutius virentia:
costa media subtus eminens, coste secundariz utrinque 5-7, sub margine obscure
arcuatim injunctz. Spica 6:0 cm. long., pedunculo 1:5 cm. long. sustenta. Bracteze
0:6 cm. long., 0:35 em. lat., uninerviz, firme, in sicco virentes. Bracteolee 0:6 cm.
long., acute, deorsum sensim coarctate. ^ Calycis segmentum posticum reliquis
minus, hee 0°65 cm., illud 0°55 cm. long. Alabastrum aperiens 1:15 cm. long.
Corolle pubescentis tubus 0°5 cm. long., basi 0:17 cm. lat., sub fauce ad 0:3 cm.
amplificatus; labium anticum vix 0°7 cm. long. et lat., late obovatum, ad 0°13 cm.
alt, obtusissime trifidum; labium posticum antico breve, sequipede-triangulari,
marginibus inflexis; palatus convexus, nervosus. Stamina ad 0'4 em. a basi corollae
affixa; filamenta cava, sub antherá angustata; connectivus expansus; anthera
fj inferior (calcare incurvo incluso) 012 cm. long. Discus obsolete crenellatus, 0:04
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 431
em. alt. Ovarium 0:33 cm. long., sursum in stylum puberulum duplo longiorem
gradatim attenuatum. Capsula 0°6 cm. long., stipite 0:15 cm. lat. fulta. Semina
plano-compressa, suborbicularia, 0:17 cm. diam., fusco-brunea, tuberculis minimis
albidis inspersa.
Ex affinitate Justicie pilose, Benth. et Hook. f. (Adhatode pilose, Nees), cujus folia
et spice longe dispares, ete. [Amazonia, Peruvia.]
JUSTICIA ($ AMPHISCOPIA) CHAPADENSIS (sp. nov.) Bipedalis, caule elato, folioso,
subterete, ad nodos tumido, cito glabro; foliis brevipetiolatis, lanceolatis, acutis vel
obtusis, basi gradatim coarctatis, glabris, membranaceo-coriaceis; foliis brevioribus,
simplicibus, aggregatis, pubescentibus ; spicis axillaribus vel terminalibus ; bracteis,
bracteolis, calycisque segmentis hirsutis, parce glandulosis, illis late ovatis acutius-
culis, calycem paullo excedentibus ; bracteolis lanceolatis, calycem subsequantibus ;
calycis segmentis anguste linearibus, inequalibus (sc. seg. postico reliquis breviore);
corollee mediocris tubo calycem subzequante, sed limbo breviore, cylindraceo, superne
parum ampliato; disco anguste cupulari; ovario oblongo-ovoideo, pubescente ;
stigmate breviter bifido; capsulá oblongá acutá, compressá, minute pubescente ;
seminibus 4, retinaculis truncatis fultis.
Hab. Vigebat mens. Aug. in angustiis montium Serra da Chapada ad circa 300 met.
alt. (N.199.)
Caulis circa ad 0:25 cm. diam., nodis ad 0'4 cm. incrassatis, prasinus. Folia pleraque
7:0-12:0 em. long. et 3:0—40 cm. lat., margine obscure undulata, firma, in sicco
supra viridia, subtus lutescentia, costee secundaris utrinque circa 10, leviter
arcuate, demum margini parallele ; petioli circa 0:5 em. long., canaliculati. Spice
04-07 cm. long., pedunculis 1:0-1:5 cm. long. sustentee, superiores subsessiles.
Bractez 0:8 em. long., 0:4 cm. lat., uninervize, firmee, in sicco virides; bracteolwe 077
em. long., uninervise, deorsum sensim angustatee. Calycis segmentum posticum 0:5
cm., seg. antica 0'6 em. long. Alabastrum aperiens vix 1:3 cm. long. Corolle
albæ purpureo-maculatz pubescentis tubus 0:53 em. long., basi 0:2 cm. lat., sub
fauce 0'4 cm. ; labium anticum 0-7 cm. long., 0'8 em. lat., ad 0:13 cm. obtusissime
trifidum; labium posticum antico brevius, ovato-cuspidatum, marginibus planis;
palatus convexulus, nervosus. Stamina ad 0'4 cm. a basi corolle affixa; filamenta
cava, superne leviter angustata; connectivus expansus; anthera superior (calcare
curvato incluso) vix 0'2 em. long. Ovarium circa 2:5 em. long., sursum in stylum
puberulum 4-plo longiorem subito attenuatum. Capsula 0'7 cm. long., rugosula,
stipite 0°2 em. lat. fulta. Semina suborbicularia, 0:15-0:17 cm. diam., fusco-brunca,
tuberculis minutis albidis inspersa.
Stirpis hujus exstat varietas insequens :—
Var. NUDICAULIS, caule geniculato deorsum, nudo; foliis parvis nec ultra 7-0 cm. long.
et 2:2 cm. lat. ; bracteis ovato-lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, acuminatis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi flores dilute purpureos fert mens. Sept. (N. 294.)
Species preecedenti arcte affinis, sed, preter signa levioris momenti, primo obtutu
agnoscenda ob folia disparia et bracteas latiores. [Amazonia, Peruvia.]
432 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
BELOPERONE NODICAULIS, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 140.
Hab. Planta metralis; flores puniceos preebuit ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. (N. 306.)
[ Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
BELOPERONE RIPARIA (sp. nov.). Siccitate nigricans, caule tenui, subtetragono, genicu-
lato, parum noduloso, puberulo, mox glabro, et albido vel fusco-cinereo; foliis
petiolatis, utrinque (prsesertim apice) longe acuminatis, supra, preesertim in nervis,
minute puberulis, subtus pubescentibus, deinde puberulis ; spicis quam folia multoties
brevioribus in axillis supremis solitariis (an unquam vere terminalibus ?), peduneulis
brevibus validis insidentibus ; bracteis parvis, lineari-lanceolatis, longe acuminatis,
calyce longioribus; bracteolis lineari-subulatis, calycem subequantibus; calycis
5-partiti segmentis subeequalibus, anguste lineari-lanceolatis acutis; corollee calycem
multo excedentis tubo recto, limbum subeequante, sursum leviter ae gradatim
amplificato; labio antico late oblongo ultra medium 3-lobo, labio postico erecto
lanceolato integro; disco cupulari; ovario oblongo, apice subito in stylum 3-plo
longiorem desinente; capsulà .
Hab. Juxta Corumbá legi florentem mens. Jan. (N. 1047.)
Caulis deorsum aphyllus, striatus, sparsim lenticellifer. Folia 5:0-11:0 cm. long., 2:5—
4-5 em. lat., tenuiter membranacea ; petioli 1:0-1:5 em. long., puberuli, sursum alati,
anguste canaliculati; spice nec ultra 3:0 cm. long., puberulee, pedunculis circa 0°5
cm. long. fultze. Bractez 0'8 cm. long., basi nec ultra 0:1 cm. lat., firme.
Bracteole insequales circa 0'4 cm. long. Flores purpurei Calycis segmenta
minute puberula, 0-4 cm. long. Alabastrum aperiens 0'5 cm. long. Corolle extus
pubescentis tubus circa 1:0 cm. long., basi 0°1 cm., superne 0:2 cm. lat. ; lobus
medius lateralibus duplo latior, omnes erecti ; labium posticum antico zequilongum.
Stamina faucibus ipsis inserta; filamenta 0:15 cm. long.; connectivus filiformis,
anthers ellipticee, 0-2 cm. long., loculus inferior breviter calcaratus. Ovarium
0:16 em. long., compressum, glabrum; stylus 0'8 cm. long., glaber.
Species distinctissima, nulli affinis mihi aut scrutatione aut descriptione cognite.
DIANTHERA PECTORALIS, F. G. Gmel. Syst. Veg. p. 36.
Hab. In sylvis primigeniis juxta Santa Cruz floret mens. Sept. (N. 348.)
Flores dilute purpurei. [Amer. Trop.]
DIANTHERA PALUDOSA (sp. nov.) Sesquispithamea vel ultra, caule e basi repente ad
nodos radicante, erecto, crasso tetragono, omnino herbaceo, albide villosulo-pubes-
cente, deinde puberulo; foliis subsessilibus oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, obtusis
vel obtusissimis, basi obtusis vel leviter cordatis et parum amplexicaulibus, subtus,
preesertim in costá centrali, appresse pubescentibus, supra fere omnino glabris ; flori-
bus mediocribus, in spicas ex axillis superioribus ortas, pedunculatas, paucifloras
unilateraliter digestis ; bracteis bracteolisque pusillis, calyce multoties brevioribus ;
. calycis alte 5-partiti lobis acuminatis, lobo postico reliquis paullo breviore; coroll:
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 433:
calyci subzequilongs tubo basi sensim dilatato, faucibus parum constrictis; labio
postico verisimiliter integro, labio antico fere usque ad basin diviso; staminibus
labio postico paullo brevioribus; antheris subzequalibus, alterà sursum, alterá
lateraliter spectantibus, hic (se. antherá inferiore) basi obscure mucronata; disco
cyathiformi, ore lobulato vel subtruncato ; capsulá oblongo-ovoideà, lateraliter com-
pressá, tetrasperma.
Hab. In paludibus ad Corumbá floret mens. Jan. (N. 941.)
Radices fibross, undulatz, sparsim fibrillatee, fusce. Caules circa 4:0-5'0 cm. diam.,
interdum parum geniculate, ad nodos obscure tumide. Folia 5:0-8'0 em. long.
(pleraque 6:5-7:5 cm., infima nonnunquam nec ultra 3:0 em.) 1:5-3:0 em. lat.,
plerumque vero 2:0-2:5 cm., tenuiter membranacea; costee secundarim utrinque
circa 12, oblique ascendentes, levissime fornicate, inferiores approximate; petioli
modo 0:2-0:4 em. long., pubescentes. Spice 2:0-4-0 cm. long., solemniter 4—8-flor:e,
pedunculis saltem basi villosulo-pubescentibus 1:5—5:5 cm. long. insidentes. Bracteze
et braeteole ovato-lanceolatee, breviter acuminate, puberulæ, circa 0°1 cm. long.
Flores purpurei. Calycis 0°75 cm. long., lobi lineari-lanceolati, carinulati, puberuli.
Corolle tubus 0:53 cm. long.; labii antici, 0-7 cm. long., lobi oblongi, obtusi, 0°6 cm.
long., 0:2 cm. lat.; labium posticum ovato-oblongum, 0:45 cm. long.; palatus vix
inflatus. Antherz circa 0'1 cm. long. Discus 0:05 cm. alt. Ovarium oblongum,
glabrum, vix 0°15 cm. long., 0:75 em. lat.; stylus pilosiusculus, 0'8 cm. long.;
stigmatis lobus alter abbreviatus, alter oblongus, 0:03 cm. long. Capsule 1:5-1:8
cm. long. pars seminifera l'O cm. long.; valve acutate. Semina levia, margine
fimbriolata, dilute brunea, 0:4 cm. diam., retinaculis obtusis suffulta.
Dianthere obtusifolie (Rhytiglosse obtusifolie, Nees) arcte affinis, sed ob habitum
crassiorem, indumentum, et folia diversiformia vix ejus varietas. Itaque non dubito quin
ad specimina Amazonica a cl. Spruce ad Santarem (n. 366) et a cl. Traill ad Montalegre
(n. 652 in Hb. Kew.) lecta accedat, quácum equidem vix conspecifica foliis latioribus
et glabrioribus, spicis pauciusfloris et brevius pedunculatis, floribus minoribus, signisque
aliis. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Argentina, Guiana, Texas. |
DIANTHERA POLYGALOIDES (sp. nov.); caule humili, erecto, patenti-hirsuto, deinde
pubescente vel puberulo; folis integerrimis, subsessilibus, lineari-lanceolatis,
utrinque acutatis, membranaceis, hirsutis, cito pilosis; floribus parvis, in spicas
subdensi- et paucifloras, hirsutas pubescentesve, folia plerumque subeequantes
dispositis; bracteis bracteolisque lineari-lanceolatis, calyce brevioribus ; calycis lobis
subzequalibus, lobo postico deficiente; corolla tubo quam calyx breviore, faucibus
paullulum ampliatis; labio postico attenuato, apice emarginato aut equilongo;
staminibus a labio postico bene superatis; antheris subzequalibus, loculo superiore
transverso, inferiore basi obtuso vel mucronulato nec calcarato ; disco cupulari, ore
brevissime lobulato; stylo apice integro; capsulà et seminibus haud visis.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 667.)
Rhizoma sat tenue, radices crebras parce fibrillosas, sepe longe ac anguste tuberosas
emittens; tubera usque ad 4/5 cm. long. et 0:3 cm. lat., pleraque vero breviores et
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3 L
484 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
angustiores. Caules fere usque ad 20°0 em. alt., modici vero circa 15:0 cm., sub-
tetragoni; nodi inferiores approximati et folia hebetata perferentes. Folia 4'5-6:0
cm. long., 0°35-0°7 cm. lat., erecta, petiolis perbrevibus hirsutis insidentia ; costze
secundarie utrinque circa 5, erecto-ascendentes, parum conspicuæ. Spice usque
ad 7:0 em. long., ssepius vero circa 5:0 cm.; pedunculi plerique 1°5-3:0 em. long.,
erecti. Bracteze et bracteolze hirsutule vel hirsuto-pubescentes ; ille 0'5 cm., hæ
0-4 cm. long. Flores purpurei, faucibus albo-striatis. Calyx 0°65 cm. long.,
hirsutulo-pubescens ; lobi acutati, margine ciliati. Corolle extus pubescentis tubus
0:4 em. long., 0:2 cm. lat.; labia 0°6 cm. long. ; labii antici lobi 0:3 em. long., lobi
laterales oblongi, intermedius late ovatus, omnes obtusi, plus minus crenulati;
labium posticum oblongum, sursum angustatum ; palatus bene prominulus.
Filamenta omnino filiformia; antherarum loculi 0'1 cm. long., connectivo late
sejuncti. Discus 0:03 cm. alt. Ovarium oblongum, vix 0:2 cm. long., sursum
attenuatum, glabrum, in stylum 4-plo longiorem desinens.
A Diantherá angustifolia (Rhytiglossá angustifolid, Nees) satis distat ob plurima signa,
nempe humilitatem, caulem hirsutum, folia disparia, calycis lobos ciliatos, flores
minores, etc. [Goyaz. |
VERBENACE X.
Lantana CAMARA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 627.
Hab. Reperi ad Cuyabá, itaque ad Serra da Chapada. (Nn. 22, 128. [Amer.
Trop. |
-LANTANA SCABRIDA (sp. nov.). Erecta, diffusa, caule sat gracili, tetragono, striato,
scabriuscule puberulo, parumper glabro ; foliis ovatis obtusis, e basi rotundatá in
petiolum brevem subito attenuatis, argute crenato-serratis, facie superiore scabridis,
inferiore pubescentibus; pedunculis rectis, elongatis, tenuibus, folia excedentibus ;
capitulis abbreviatis paucifloris, pedunculis strictis folia excedentibus insidentibus ;
bracteis imbricatis, ovato-lanceolatis acutis, scabridis, margine ciliatis; calycis ore
sinuato ; corolle tubo basi attenuato, medio ampliato, faucibus levissime coarctatis ;
limbo sub-bilabiato 4-fido ; stigmate anguste ovato, laterali ; drupá ignotá.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. Paraguay juxta montem Pão d'Assucar, inter Coimbra et fl.
Apa, ubi floret mens. Feb. (Nn. 1084, 1085.)
Frutex parvus, incerta altitudine. Caulis 0:2 em. diam., dein cinereus et subpolitus,
internodia pleraque 4:0—6:0 cm. long. Folia usque ad 4-0 cm. long. (modica circa
2:5 cm.) et 20 cm. lat., firme membranacea, parum bullata, petiolis pubescentibus
0'4-0:8 em. long. fulta. Pedunculi vix usque 5:0 cm. long., pubescentes. Capitula
vix 1'0 cm. diam. Bractec exteriores 0°6-0°7 cm. long., 0°3-0°5 cm. lat.; interiores
circa 0°5 em. long., 5-nerves, membranacez. Flores albi. Calyx minute pubescens,
0*1 em. long. Corollee tubus extus et intus superne pubescens, alibi glaber, vix 0:5
em. long., basi 0:04 cm. lat., ad staminum insertionem 0°8 cm. lat.; limbus extus
pubescens, vix 0:3 cm. diam. Stamina 0:22 em. ultra basin corolle fixa. Ovarium
ovoideum, 0°05 cm. long., stylo duplo longiore coronatum ; stigma 0:02 em. long.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 435
Mihi videtur ad Lantanam canescentem, H. B. K., proxime accedere, sed foliis
argutius dentatis, capitulis minoribus, calyce ampliore, corolle tubo saltem duplo latiore,
necnon labiis disparibus ab illà certo abhorret. [Amer. Trop. ]
LANTANA COIMBRENSIS (sp. nov.); caule erecto, ramoso, tetragono, appresse strigoso-
pubescente, dein fere glabro ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, basi in petiolum brevem
subito attenuatis, membranaceis, serrulatis, paginá superiore minute pubescentibus,
inferiore minute pubescenti-tomentosis; capitulis plurifloris, pedunculis ascenden-
tibus quam folia brevioribus vel ea subzequantibus suffultis ; bracteis ovato-lanceolatis,
breviter acuminatis, corolla tubo paullo brevioribus ; calycis anguste tubulosi ore
sinuato ; corolle tubo e basi attenuatá gradatim amplificato, faucibus parum
constrictis, limbo sub-bilabiato 4-fido, stigmate ovato, laterali ; capsulis non visis.
Hab. Inveni ad Coimbra florentem mens. Feb. (N. 1076.)
Caulis 0:2-0:3 em. diam., mox eminens et lenticellis punctiformibus crebris inspersus,
Folia pleraque 2:0—5:0 em. long., usque ad 2-0 cm. lat., margine inferne fere integro,
interdum obscure serrulato. Pedunculi 1:5—45 cm. long., pubescentes. Capitula
0:8 em. diam. Bractez usque ad 0:35 em. long., 5—6-nerves, dense scabrido-pubes-
centes. Floresalbi. Calyx 0:07 em. long., pubescens. Corolle tubus utrinque superne
pubescens, inferne glaber, 0:4 em. long., basi 0:02 cm. etad staminum insertionem
0:06 em. lat.; limbus 0°3 em. diam., extus pubescens. Stamina 0°18 cm. supra
basin corolle fixa. Ovarium ovoideum, 0:5 cm. long.; stylus crassiusculus, vix
0:1 em. long., stigmate ter longior.
Preecedenti affinis, sed foliis mollioribus et minus argute serratis, capitulis majoribus
plurifloris, bracteis minoribus, calyce minus ampliato, corollee tubo angustiore et limbo
ampliore facili negotio distinguenda. [Amer. Trop.]
LirPrA URTICOIDES, Steud. Nomencl. ed. II. ii. p. 54.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florens. (Bras. Or., Goyaz, Peruvia, Bolivia. |
LiPPIA BETULZFOLIA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 264.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (Nn. 480, 4804.) [Amer. Austr. Trop.,
Paraguaria.]
LrPPIA NODIFLORA, Rich in Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. ii. p. 15.
Hab. In paludibus ad Corumbá abundat. (N. 947.) [Late diffusa.]
LiPPrA VERNONIOIDES, Cham. in Linneea, vii. p. 232.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florens. (Bras. Or.]
LiPePIA ($ ZAPANIA) JANGADENSIS (sp. nov.). Erecta, elata, appresse pubescens; caule
valido, parce ramoso, subtereti, demum scaberulo; foliis oppositis, subsessilibus,
oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis, acutiusculis, margine triente inferiore integris, inde plus
minus crenato-serrulatis, membranaceo-coriaceis ; capitulis paniculatis vel solitariis
et axillaribus, si solitariis, plerumque longius pedunculatis ; pedunculis ascendentibus,
31 2
436 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
dense pubescentibus; bracteis ovatis vel obovatis, breviter acuminatis, a floribus
bene superatis, breviter luteolo-lanatis ; calyce tubuloso, 2-lobo, lanato ; corolle tubo
incurvo, inferne attenuato, superne satis ampliato; limbi lobo postico-integro ;
staminibus inclusis; antheris late ellipticis; stylo quam ovarium duplo longiore,
superne incrassato; stigmate laterali ; ovulis basalibus.
Hab. Incolit fruticeta ad Jangada, ubi mens. Sept. floret. (N. 280.)
Caulis deorsum 0:6 em. diam., fistulosus, striatus; ramuli 0:2 em. diam., tetragoni, haud
fistulosi. Folia pleraque 3:0-5:0 cm. long., 1:0-2:0 cm. lat.; coste secundariz
utrinque 4-5, basales margine parallele, reliquee oblique ascendentes, levissime
arcuatz; petioli nec ultra 0:2 cm long., pubescentes. Pedunculi capitulorum solita-
riorum vix usque ad 4*0 em. long., capitulorum paniculatoram haud 2:0 em.attingentes.
. Capitula 0:7 cm. diam. Bracteze modice vix 3'0 em. long., intus leves, margine
lanato-ciliatee. Flores albi. Calyx membranaceus, 0:1 em. long., alte divisus, lobis
ovatis, obtusissimis, 2-nervibus. Corolle tubus 0:25 cm. long., superne breviter
lanatus; faucibus 0:05 em. diam.; limbi lobus anticus elongatus, rotundatus, 0°08
cm. long. ; lobiomnes, antico exempto, extus breviter lanati, intus, una cum faucibus,
pubescentes. Stamina 0°15 cm. supra basin corolle fixa. Ovarium ellipsoideum,
obsolete puberulum, apice pilis brevibus albis coronatum; stigma stylo duplo
brevius. Fructus ignotus.
Cum Lippiá vernonioidi, Cham., rite componenda, cujus folia reverà majora, firmiora,
argutius dentata, spieze majores, bractez itaque multo majores, corolle grandioris tubus
longe diversus, ete. { Bras. Or. |
LIPPIA LASIOCALYCINA, Cham. in Linnza, vii. p. 231.
Hab. Satis abundat passim in provincia, e. g. ad Cuyabá, Serra da Chapada et Santa
Cruz, ubi Esperanza nuncupatur. (Nn. 19, 92, 300.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia. ]}
The popular name of this pretty plant is due to the fact of its flowering at the approach
of the cool rainy season.
LierrA ($ RHODOLIPPIA) PRIMULINA, (sp. nov.); caule e rhizomate magnopere
incrassato, erecto, gracili, paucifolio, hirsuto-villosulo, demum pubescente; foliis parvis,
subsessilibus late ovatis, obtusissimis, crenato-serratis, utrinque villoso-tomentosis ;
pedunculis erectis, folia excedentibus vel subsequantibus, hirsuto-villosulis; bracteis
more sectionis latissimis rotundato-ovatis, brevissime cuspidatis, piloso-pubescentibus;
calyce tubuloso, alte bilobo, albo-villoso ; corollee tubo parum incurvo, ad staminum
insertionem satis amplo,faucibuspaullulum attenuato, inferne vero insigniter coarctato;
limbi lobo postico integro, antico reliquis majore; staminibus inclusis ; antheris latis ;
stylo quam ovarium fere 4-plo longiore, stricte filiformi; stigmate laterali; ovulis
basalibus.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 189.)
Rhizoma 1:0 em. crass., in sicco bruneum. Planta in toto nee ultra 20:0 em. et caulis
ipse 17:0 em. alt., subteres, longitrorsum costatus, 02 em. diam. Folia usque ad
2-5 cm. long. et 2:0 em. lat, subcoriacea, subtus infra margines pilis carentia,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 437
margine ciliata, penninervia vel palmatim 7-nervia. Pedunculi 2:5—4*0 cm. long.,
caule circa duplo tenuiores. Capitula vix 1:5 cm. diam. Bractex extime 1:1 cm.,
interiores circa 0°6 cm. long. et lat., utrinque piloso-pubescentes, plurinerves,
margine ciliate. Flores punicei, faucibus luteis. Calycis, 0:15 em. long., lobi
quadrangulari-ovati, 2-nerves, intus leves. Corolle tubus superne extus utrinque
pubescens, 0:9 cm. long. medio vix 0:1 cm. diam.; limbi 1:0 cm. diam.; lobus
anticus circa 0:6 cm. lat. Stamina circa 0'3 em. supra basin corolle inserta.
Ovarium 0:06 cm. long., ovoideum, obsolete puberulum; stylus 0:22 cm. long.,
glaber; stigma ovario «equilongum,.
Lippie Gardneriane, Schauer, proxima, et ab ed distans staturá humiliore, foliis
villoso-tomentosis nec pubescenti-hirtis, bracteis minoribus pubescentibus, aliisque signis.
Hujus speciei varietatem legit beat. Gardner prope Duero in provinciá Goyazensi, a
typo discrepantem imprimis ob bracteas minores (0°65 cm. long. et lat.) et stylum cras-
siusculum, ovarium modo duplo excedentem. Var. goyezensis, nob. (N. 3406 in Herbb.
Brit. Mus. et Kew.) [Goyaz.]
BAILLONIA AMABILIS, Bocq. in Adansonia, ii. p. 251 (ex icon. et descript.).
Hab. Reperi ad Coimbra florentem mens. Feb. (N. 1067.)
Hitherto the late Dr. Weddell has been the only collector of this interesting plant in
its wild state. Although Bocquillon unfortunately omits measurements, I presume that
my specimens are referable to the same species as Weddell's, seeing that not only do
they closely agree with Bocquillon’s figure and description, but they were collected in
the same neighbourhood.
In the * Genera Plantarum’ this genus has, unfortunately, been thoroughly misunder-
stood. A few years after the publication of Bocquillon's paper, the late Mr. Miers
established a genus Diostea (Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. p. 102) to include, besides the South-
American Verbenaces considered by Hooker and Gillies as species of Verbena
(V. scoparia and Y. juncea, Hook. et Gill), a few others from the same part of the
world, the chief point of difference from Verbena lying in their possession of a fruit
consisting of two 1-seeded, somewhat fleshy pyrenes, instead of a couple of dry pyrenes,
each with two seeds. This genus Diostea, at least so far as concerns D. juncea—the
other species being relegated to Verbena—is merged with Baillonia in the ‘Genera
Plantarum’ (ii. p. 1143), which latter genus is considered to be “perhaps too near
Lippia.” Had specimens been available when the ‘Genera Plantarum’ was written,
the most cursory inspection would have sufficed to show that Baillonia of Bocquillon is
quite different both from Diostea on the one hand, and from Lippia on the other. More-
over the remark, concerning B. amabilis, Bocq., “ex icone et descr. quoad folia et
inflorescentiam simillima est Lippie citriodore," would certainly never have been
penned; for, beyond the fact that both plants belong to the same tribe of Verbenaceze,
they have absolutely nothing in common.
To show how different Baillonia is from Diostea, I have constructed the following
table, from my own observations with the exception of the fruit, details concerning
which are taken from the figures and descriptions of Bocquillon and Miers :—
438 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Baillonia. Diostea.
A A Spiny on falling off of leaves. Not spiny after leaf-fall.
E RR RI we RENE Long, narrow, coriaceous, fre- | Small and membranous, and
quently subopposite or alter- strictly opposite.
nate, more rarely sub-verticil-
late.
Inflorescence ........ Racemose. Spicate.
GUA aaa ca es Relatively short and campanulate, | Comparatively long and tubular,
with undulate margin. witb distinct lobes,
Corellá 444... f ... | With a straight, short, broad tube, | With a narrow, elongated, curved
and a large limb. tube, and small limb.
Style and stigma ...... Short fleshy style, with a large | Long slender style, with a linear
capitate stigma. recurved stigma.
FHHE parrari. Comparatively large entire pyri- | Small 2-lobed fruit completely
form fruit, surrounded at base enclosed in the persistent calyx ;
by remains of calyx; mesocarp scarcely any mesocarp, thin endo-
fleshy, endocarp very long. carp.
Perhaps the most remarkable point about Baillonia is the curious nature of its spines.
These seem to be branches which, instead of separating from their mother branch,
remain attached to it, except for a small projecting flange at the top, upon which flange
the leaf is borne. After fall of the leaf, the flange remains permanently as a strong,
sharp, straight spine. Adhesions, possibly of branches to their parent branch, occur in
some other Verbenacex, e. y. in Diostea itself, in Symphorema, in some species of
Avicennia, in Premna, Petrea, and Citharexylum; while in Volkameria, and to some
extent in Citharexylum, spines are left after leaf-fall, as occurs with Baillonia. Although
placed in different tribes of Verbenacee, one cannot fail to be struck with the evident
affinity of Baillonia to Citharexylum. The habit, the racemose inflorescence, and the
flowers of both are very similar; in its 2-seeded fruit alone does Baillonia show any
marked difference.
- Bocquillon’s description may be fitly supplemented with the following notes :—
Caulis in sicco albidus, teres, longitrorsum eximie striatus, circa 0'5 em. diam., spinis
ramalibus 0:2 cm. long. munitus. Folia usque ad 20:0 em. long. et modo 1:0 em. lat.
(mediocria 15:0 cm.x0:6 cm.). Racemi circa 15:0 cm. long.; pedicelli 0:2 cm.
attingentes. Flores albi. Calyx 0:3 em. long. 0:25 cm. lat. Corolle tubus
... 96 em. long., 0:25 cm. lat.; limbus 0:8 em. diam.
Eandem plantam legit cl. Balansa in Paraguarià. (N. 2089 in Herb. Kew.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 439
Balansa’s specimens were obtained from gardens at Asuncion ; there is, therefore,. at
present no evidence that the genus occurs wild out of the tropics. [Matto Grosso.]
STACHYTARPHETA DICHOTOMA, Vahl, Enum. i. p. 207.
Hab. Vulgatissima in montibus Serra da Chapada, ad Santa Cruz, et alibi in provinciá.
Nom. vernac. Gerboa. (N. 86.) |
Medicamentum effieax contra epilepsiam, itaque in tussibus sanandis nequaquam
spernendum, prebere dicitur. |Amer. Trop., Paraguaria. |
VERBENA ($ VERBENACA) ARISTIGERA (sp. nov.) Vix semimetralis, ramulis e caule
procumbente assurgentibus erectis, tetragonis, appresse et strigose pubescentibus,
dein puberulis; foliis oppositis petiolatis pinnatifido-trisectis, appresse et strigose
pubescentibus, segmentis linearibus mucronatis rigidis; spicis densifloris, abbre-
viatis, deinde elongatis, strigose pubescentibus; calycis alte tubulosi dentibus
elongatis aristiformibus, patentibus; corollee tubo calycem bene superante leviter
curvato, sursum paullulum amplificato ; lobis obovato-oblongis retusis; antherarum
omnium connectivo apice inappendiculato; ovario apice subintegro, stylo elongato
ovarium magnopere excedente.
Hab. Crescit prope montem Pao d'Assucar dictum, inter Coimbra et fl. Apa, ubi inveni
mens. Feb. florentem. (N. 1083.)
Planta circa 40:0 em. alt. Caulis basi procumbens, usque ad 4'0 cm. diam., lignosus,
late ac tenuiter rimosus, nodis parum tumidis ; ramuli 0:2 cm, diam., obsolete striati ;
internodia pleraque 4°0—4°5 em. long. Folia circa ad 3:5 em. long. et 4'0 cm. lat.,
exstant vero minora, firma ; petioli usque ad 1:0 cm. long. subalati ; segmenta longi
tudine varià, usque ad 1:0 em. ssepe falciformi-curvata, lineari-subulata, nec ultra
0'1 cm.lat. Spice primo 1:5 em. long. et lat., deinde usque 7:0 cm. elongate ; pedun-
culus juvenilis circa 1:5 cm., deinde usque 6:0 em. attingens. Bractee rigidiuscule,
subulate, 04 cm. long. ascendentes, strigose pubescentes. Flores purpurei.
Calycis fructiferi immutati tubus 0*6 cm. long., 0:07 cm. lat., dentibus angustissimis,
0:2-0:3 cm. long., coronatus. Corolle tubus paullo ultra 1:0 em. long., basi 0°1 cm.,
faucibus vix 0'2 em. lat., intus ad staminum insertionem hirsutus, alibi puberulus ;
lobi 0:3-0:35 cm. long., cirea 02 cm. lat. Stamina breviora 0'8 cm. supra basin
corollæ inserta; filamenta antheris linearibus acutis paullo breviora. Ovarium
glabrum, 0'5 em. long; stylus 0:9 cm. long., minute puberulus, apice paullulum
incurvus. Pyrena parum inzequalis, linearis; ochraceze longitrorsum costulat:e,
minute scrobiculate, quater longiores quam latee, usque 0:2 cm. long.
A Y. crinoidi, Lam., cui sat similis ob calycis dentes longe ac patule aristatos necnon
antberarum connectivum eglandulosum, nullo negotio agnoscenda. [Bras. Or., Peruvia,
Chili, Argentina. |
CAssELIA Mansor, Schauer in Mart. Fl. Bras. ix. p. 175.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz. (N. 768a.) [Matto Grosso. |
440 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
VirEx CYMOSA, Bertero, ex Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 757.
Hab. Ad J angada simul flores ostendit et folia enascentia mens. Sept. (N. 278.)
Arbor copiose ac valide ramosa, circa 12-metralis; truncus circa 7-metralis diam.,
cortice griseo longitrorsum fisso obductus. Corolla parum suaveolens, cyanea, faucibus
albis.
. Florum decoctum stomachi cruditati mederi narrabant incole.
This tree yields the “ Taruma ” fruit, about the size of an olive, cultivated at Asun-
cion. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Bolivia, Paraguaria.]
LABIATA.
OCIMUM CANUM, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2452.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 665.) [In tropicis utriusque orbis late
diffusa. |
OcIMUM MICRANTHUM, Willd. Enum. p. 630.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florentem. (N. 660.) [Amer. Trop.]
PELTODON PUSILLUS, Pohl, Pl. Bras. Ic. i. p. 67.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florescens. (N. 182.)
[Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
HYPTIS RECURVATA, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Paris, vii. p. 467.
Hab. Crescit inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, itaque ad Santa Cruz, mens. Aug.-
Sept. florens. (Nn.56, 303.) [Amer. Trop.]
HYPTIS MICROPHYLLA, Pohl, ex Benth. Lab. p. 82.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz inveni mens. Dec. (N. 797.) [Bras. Or., Venezuela. |
Hyrris BRUNNESCENS, Pohl, ex Benth. Lab. p. 82.
Hab. Crescit ad Cuyabá, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 35.) [Goyaz.]
. Flores columbini.
Hyrris CRENATA, Pohl, ex Benth. Lab. p. 93.
Hab. Frequens ad Cuyabá, et in montibus Serra da Chapada. (Nn. 18, 147.) [Bras.
Or., Goyaz, Bolivia.]
Flores nune albi, nune columbini.
HyYPTIS IMBRICATA, Pohl, ex Benth. Lab. p. 98.
Hab. Floret mens. Oct. ad Santa Cruz, ubi Ortelan nuncupatur, et in remediorum
antirheumaticorum numero habetur. (N. 644.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia.]
Hyrris BREVIPES, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Paris, vii. p. 465.
Hab. In paludibus prope Corumbá mens. Jan. floret. (N. 1008.) [In tropicis
utriusque orbis late diffusa.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92,
Hyptis spicata, Poit. in Ann. Mus. Paris, vii. p. 474.
Hab. Reperi juxta Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 902.) [Amer. Trop.]
441
Hypris ($ PANICULATA) EFFUSA (sp. nov.) ; caule elato e rhizomate robusto assurgente,
gracili, obsolete tetragono, dense fulvo-tomentoso, deinde glabro vel puberulo ;
foliis amplis vel parvis, petiolatis, oblongis obtusis acutisve, basi obliquis, aliqua-
tenus rotundatis, margine impariter erenato-serratis, membranaceis supra scabridis,
subtus molliter tomentosis, dein pubescentibus; paniculis maxime effusis, folia
multoties excedentibus, ramulis patentissimis ; floribus parvis, pedicellis capillaceis
elongatis patulis; calycis campanulati, in medio parum constricti, dentibus tri-
angulari-lanceolatis acutis, ore recto; corollee tubo, calyeem paullulum excedente,
superne leviter ampliato, lobo antico integro; disco antice haud tumente, nuculis
oblongis levibus exalatis.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada, ubi floret et fructificat mens. Aug. (N. 159.)
Frutex orgyalis vel etiam ultra, sursum solummodo foliatus. Rhizoma crassum,
abundanter radiciferum. Caulis 0:25 cm. diam., cortice cervino crebro striato
cinctus. Foliorum lamina usque ad 10:0 cm. long. et 4:0-5:0 cm. lat., minora vero
(circa 20x10 em.) satis abundant; costee secundarise utrinque circa 9, angulis
latis raro opposite insertee, leviter arcuatee. Costee et venulze subtus eminentes, hæ
laxe reticulate. ^ Panieule interdum 300 cm. long. et diam., patentissimze,
ramulis gracillimis, glabris. Pedicelli plerique 0:5-1:5 cm. long. Bracteolee sub
floribus site, exiguee, subulate, 0°08 cm. long. Flores purpurei. Calyx floris
aperientis vix 0'3 cm. long., ultra $ divisus, arcte pubescens. Corolla tota 0°5 em.
long., extus pubescens; tubus 0'3 cm. long., vix 0°1 cm. lat.; limbus 0:35 cm. diam. ;
lobi oblongi, obtusi, circa 0:18 cm. long. Stamina breviter exserta, faucibus affixa ;
filamenta pilosa, cirea 0:1 cm. long.; antherz reniformes, 0:08 em. lat. Nucule
0:8 em. long., fusco-purpurese, basi albidze, calyce 0:55-0:8 cm. long., 0°25-0°3 cm.
lat., eximie reticulato-nervoso, subnitido inclusee.
Juxta H. reticulatam, Mart., intercalanda, abs quá ob pedicellos capillaceos, calycem
minorem, angustiorem, medio parum coarctatum, necnon flores minores, facili negotio
secernere potes. [Bras. Or. |
HYPTIS GLAUCA, A. St.-Hil. ex Benth. Lab. p. 141.
Hab. Ad Cuyabá mens. Aug. flores prebet. (N. 23.) [ Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
ERIOPE CRASSIPES, Benth. Lab. p. 144. — |
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada. (N. 196.) (Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
LEONOTIS NEPETJEFOLIA, R. Br. ex Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 535.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada, itaque prope Corumbá. (Nn. 285, 978.) [Late diffusa.]
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3M
442 MR.. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
MONOCHLAM Y D E FE.
NYCTAGINE.
NEEA HERMAPHRODITA (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXVIII. figg. 1-4.) Fruticosa, caule terete,
fulvo-tomentoso, mox pubescente, dein pæne glabro; foliis breviter petiolatis,
oblanceolato-oblongis obtusis, interdum breviter vel brevissime cuspidatis, basi
obliquis, supra, costá medianá plus minus fulvo-tomentosá vel pubescente exempta,
minute puberulis, indumento cito obsoleto, subtus, prsesertim in nervis, rufo-
tomentello-pubescentibus, cymis divaricato-ramosis, laxifloris, pedunculis quam folia
brevioribus rufo-tomentosis; bracteolis mediocribus subulatis, floribus herma-
phroditis, perigonio urceolato puberulo, stylo incluso.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Oct. flores preebet. (N. 481.)
Frutex altus, biorgyalis, habitu diffuso. Ramuli graciles, 0:2-0:4 em. diam., puberuli
et cortice leucophzeo reticulato-striatulo, lenticellis prominentibus plus minus
instructo, obducti. Folia obsolete undulata, plerumque 5:0-8:0 cm., raro 9:5 em.
attingentia, rarissime ad 2:0 cm. vel infra imminuta, juvenilia tenuiter mem-
branacea, siccitate nigricantia, mox membranaceo-coriacea; «coste secundarise
angulo lato costee medize insertee, sub margine arcuatim connex:e, costulis in reti-
culum laxum conjunctis; petioli 0°3-0°5 cm. long., rufo-tomentelli Pedunculi
plerique 2:0-4'0 cm. long., erecti. Cyme circa 4'O cm. diam., rufo-tomentelle.
Bracteolz circa 0'1 cm. long. Flores omnes a me scrutati hermaphroditi, vires-
centes. Perigonia 0:5-0'6 cm. long. 0:25 cm. lat., siccitate mox nigricantia ;
dentes 0'l cm. long. triangulares, acuti. Alabastra acuta. Stamina 8; filamenta
basi ampliata, longiora 0'3, breviora 0'l cm. long.; anthere 0:12 cm. long.
Ovarium compressum, ambitu ovatum, 0:1 em.long.; stylus inclusus, ovarium duplo
superans, curvatus ; stigma acutum. Fructus ignotus.
Species forsan cum WV. pubescente, Poepp. et Endl., componenda, cujus specimen
authenticum non vidi, quz ramorum apicibus glabris, foliis supra glaberrimis longius
petiolatis, venulis subobsoletis, perigonio tubuloso rubro nec virescente gaudet. Affinior
videtur plante a cl. Spruce lectze (N. 1103), sed distat indumento dispari, cymis
plurifloris, forsitan floribus hermaphroditis, ete. [Amazonia.] :
AMARANTHACE E.
PFAFFIA VANA (sp. nov.); caule fistuloso, diffuso, ramoso, minute puberulo; foliis
brevipetiolatis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi rotundato-attenuatis, membranaceis,
presertim facie superiore appresse pubescentibus; capitulis minimis, pedunculos
solitarios, elongatos, pubescentes, foliis cirea duplo breviores coronantibus; perianthii
bracteis 4-plo longioris foliolis lineari-oblongis, sub apice subito coarctatis, obtusius-
culis, firmis, viridibus; staminibus paullo supra medium connatis; filamentis late
linearibus, abrupte truncatis, ciliatis; antheris breviter stipitatis; ovario sub-
spheeroideo ab andreecio superato.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 443
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Oct. floret. (N. 654.)
Caulis subteres, leviter undulatus, striatus, ad nodos tumidus et pilosulus; ramuli ad
angulum rectum vel fere rectum ramo inserti, recti vel parum arcuati, nodis dis-
tantibus (internodia haud raro 5$'0-10:0 cm. long.) Folia ad 7:0 cm. long.,
pleraque 1:3-2:0 cm. lat., basin versus amplificata, siccitate haud nigricantia ;
petioli 0:5-0'8 cm. long. Pedunculi arrecti, 2:5-3:0 cm. long. Capitula ovoidea,
0:5-0'8 cm. long., 0:4-0:5 cm. lat.; axes albido-pubescentes. Perianthii foliola, vix
0:2 em. long., subcarinato-trinervia, basi albide pilosa, ceterum pilosula. Androcium
01 cm. long. Ovarium 0:06 cm. long. Stigma capitatum, sessile, obsolete
lobulatum.
Affinis Pfaffie glauce (Sertuernere glauce, Mart.), optime vero secernendade pedun-
culis solitariis, capitulis minoribus, floribus minoribus et comparative latioribus, sepalis
conspicue viridi-nervosis, staminibus altius connatis, itaque ovarium P. glauce ovoideum
nec subspheeroideum. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana, Peruvia, Argentina. |
TELANTHERA ($ BRANDESIA) GENICULATA (sp. nov.). Diffusa, ramis patulis, geniculatis,
teretibus, pubescentibus, cito puberulis ; foliis petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, breviter
acuminatis, basi obtusis, membranaceis, preesertim paginis inferioribus minute
pubescentibus, dein glabris; capitulis parvis, subspheroideis, paucifloris ; pedunculis
plerisque quam folia brevioribus, tenuibus, pubescentibus; perianthii subteretis
foliolis, bracteam et bracteolas circa 3-plo excedentibus, oblongis, obtusis, concavis,
trinervibus, membranaceis, interioribus quam exteriores paullo minoribus; tubo
stamineo 10-fido, staminodiis quam filamentum 4-plo longioribus, erosis ; antheris
oblongis; ovario globoso, apice truncato, in stylum brevem subito desinente.
Hab. Florebat prope Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1093.)
Caulis prasinus, haud fistulosus, ad nodos tumidus. Folia raro late ovata et tunc
obtusissime vel brevissime biloba, modica 2°5-3°5 em. long. et 1:5 cm. lat., membra-
nacea, in sicco subnigricantia; petioli patuli, 0:5-L'O em. long. pubescentes.
Capitula 0:6 em. long., 0'7 cm. lat, pedunculis plerumque 0:5-2:5 cm. long.;
capituli evoluti axis 0°5 cm. long. 0°3 em. lat., post florum lapsum bracteis et
bracteolis pubescentibus dilute bruneis dense instructus. Perianthii foliola 0:3 em.
long., exteriora 0°13 cm. lat., in sieco plus minus plane viridi-lutescentia, extus,
preesertim inferne, pubescentia, firma. Tubus stamineus 0'1 cm, long.; staminodia
tubo subzequilonga, linearia, 0:13 cm. long., marginibus integra, apice solummodo
lacerato-erosa; filamenta subulata; antherse 0'1 cm. long. Ovarium 0°03 cm.
long. Stylus ovario sequilongus.
A. proximá T. puberulá, Moq., abhorret, preeter alia, foliis disparibus, multo minoribus,
et perianthii foliolis majoribus et diversiformibus. [Bras. Or.]
ALTERNANTHERA PARONYCHOIDES, A. St.-Hil. Voy. Bras. ii. p. 439.
Hab. Frequens et gregaria in rivis cenosis f. Paraguay ad Corumbá. (N. 946.)
Amer. Trop.]
9M 2
444. MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
GOMPHRENA MARIÆ (sp. nov.); caule abbreviato, appresse piloso-villosulo, dein piloso
vel glabro; foliis basi lata insidentibus oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis, przesertim paginis
inferioribus plus minus appresse pilosis; capitulis terminalibus, longipedunculatis,
raro subsessilibus, depresse subspheeroideis; perigonii bracteas laterales anguste
eristatas subzquantis foliolis anguste lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, tribus ex-
terioribus deorsum, interioribus toto dorso albido-villosis ; fructu ignoto.
Hab. Crescit ad Villa Maria, mens. Dec. flores proferens. (N. 846.)
Subspithamea, caule repente in nodis tumido, erecto. Folia 1:5-3:0 em. long., 0:5-0^7 em.
lat., apice acute mucronulata, floralia ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata,
capitulis paullo breviora, obsolete pilosula. Pedunculi modici circa 25 em.
long. (sed 4/5 em. attingere possunt), rarissime ad 0:2 cm. reducti. Capitula ad
1:0 em. long. et 1:3 em. diam., juvenilia ovoidea, rhachide villosà. Bractez
subflorales quam laterales multo breviores, triangulari-ovatze, acuminatee, inferne
dorso villose, 0°27 em. long., concave. Bracteæ laterales 077 cm. long., iis
G. hygrophile similes nisi longius acuminatee et crista dorsali angustiore modo
0:075 cm. lat. instructe. Flores 0:6 cm. long., rosei. Perigonii foliola 0°5 cm.
long. Tubus stamineus perigonii foliolis zequilongus, 0:05 cm. lat., deorsum paullo
ampliatus. Staminodia minuta, subulata; antherze anguste lineares, 0:5 cm. long.
G. hygrophile, Mart., arcte affinis, species propria videtur esse ob indumentum,
perigonii bracteas laterales longius acuminatas et angustius cristatas, preesertim vero
ob tubum stamineum perigonium haud excedens. [Matto Grosso. |
GOMPHRENA GLAUCA, Moq. in DC. Prod. xiii. 2, p. 384.
Hab. lnveni in ripà fl. Cuyabá prope Melgaco. (N. 2.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana,
Peruvia, Argentina. |
PHYTOLACCACE.
PETIVERIA ALLIACEA, Linn. Sp. Pl. (ed. I.) p. 342.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, itaque juxta Coimbrá, menss. Jan. Feb. florens. (Nn. 976,
1090 a.) [Amer. Trop.]
POLYGONEZX.
POLYGONUM ACUMINATUM, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 178.
Hab. Ad ripam fl. Paraguay, juxta Santa Cruz, inveni mens. Nov. (N. 599. [Amer.
Trop. |
POLYGONUM ACRE, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. p. 179.
Hab. Santa Cruz; mens. Dec. floret. (N. 783.) [In Americá late diffusa.]
TRIPLARIS FORMICOSA (sp. nov.). (Tab. XXVIII. figg. 5-6.) Arbuscula gracilis, ramis
subteretibus, cortice obscure striato, bruneo, saltem in sicco longitrorsum rimoso ;
foliis amplis, ovatis, superne angustatis, basi rotundatis, petiolis manifestis; pani-
culis folia subzequantibus fulvo hirsuto-tomentosis, bracteis persistentibus; calycis
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 445
tubo oblongo-ovato, utrinque piloso-hirsuto, sinubus paullo intrusis, haud plicatis ;
lobis exterioribus oblanceolatis, uninervibus, laxe reticulato-nervosis, puberulis,
interioribus hypogynis, anguste lineari-oblanceolatis, puberulis, nuculá duplo
brevioribus; nuculá quam calycis tubus paullo breviore, breviter acuminata,
faciebus ovatis levibus nitidissimis.
Hab. Inveni passim crescentem in ripá fl. Paraguay prope Santa Cruz. (N. 301.)
Rami sub inflorescentiá 1:0-1:2 cm. diam., subnitidi, lenticellis paucis elevatis vel
planis. Folia 25:0-29:0 cm. long., 13:5 cm. lat., firme membranaceo-coriacea,
more generis longitrorsum striata, margine obsolete undulata, puberula; costee
laterales utrinque circa 20 fere rectee, dein sub margine subito arcuatim juncte ;
venule undulatee, laxe reticulate; coste et venulee paginee inferioris eminentes ;
petioli 0:2 cm. long., 0:6 cm. lat., anguste alati, facie superiore astricti. Inflorescentia
circa 20:0 em. long., patula. Bractese ovate, circa 0:5 cm. long., extus hirsuto-
tomentoss, intus castanee. Flores non suppetebant. Calyx fructifer 3:1-3:3 cm.
long.; tubus 1:0 em. long. medio 0-4 cm., sub lobis 0°25-0°3 cm. lat.; lobi
exteriores erecti, medio 0°5 em. long., lobi interiores 0:45 cm. long., 0:05 cm. lat.,
margine revoluti, apice recurvi. Nucula stylis diu persistentibus coronata, acuta,
triquetra, 0:8 em. long., ejus acumen vix 0:2 cm. long.
Ex affinitate Triplaridis brasiliane, Cham., cujus calyx fructifer modo 2:2 em. long.,
tubus ovatus et lobi breviores ac latiores quam ii plantee nostre, quee distat etiam signis
aliis levioris momenti. Hujus arboris medullam formice semper excavant et caules
incolunt. [Bras. Or. |
TRIPLARIS, sp. Arbor altitudine preetermissá; ramulis glabris, cinereis; foliis ovato-
oblongis obtusis, basi obliquis, plerisque 10:0-13:0 cm. long., 5:0-6:0 em. lat.,
coriaceo-membranaceis, supra appresse pilosis, subtus, prsesertim in nervis, pube-
scentibus; panieule ramis florumque masculorum calycibus villoso-tomentosis ;
floribus femineis et fructibus ignotis.
Hab. Inter Villa Maria et Corumbá in ripà fl. Paraguay mens. Dec. flores masculos
ostendebat. (N. 1020 a.)
Forsan ad T. tomentosam, Wedd., accedens, sed ob specimina manca non sine dubio
cum illâ componenda.
CoccoLoBA POLYSTACHYA, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. 3"* série, xiii. p. 261. Var.
MOLLIS.
Hab. Ad Jangada et juxta Santa Cruz floret et fructificat menss. Sept.-Oct.
(Nn. 254, 369.) -
Arbor parva, circa 4-metralis; ad Jangada vero, ex schedulà med, frutex altus
21-metralis. Flores albi. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana. | :
CoccoLOBA CUJABENSIS, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. 3™ série, xiii. p. 259.
Hab. Ad Corumbá fructificat mens. Jan. (N. 999a.) [Matto Grosso.]
44.6 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
COCCOLOBA ($ EucoccoLOBA) LONGIPES (sp. nov.); ramulis vix puberulis, ochreis
amplis, novellis obscure puberulis ; foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis vel breviter acumi-
natis, basi cordatis; costis secundariis supra eminentibus; venulis utrinque
eminentibus, arctissime reticulato-nervosis, parumper omnino glabris; inflorescentiz
nodulis 1-2-floris; rhachide sub lente minutissime puberulà, ochreolis minutis ;
pedicellis gracilibus ochreolam longe superantibus.
Hab. Legiad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. flores et fructus probet. (Nn. 565, 577.)
Rami et ramuli cinerei vel purpureo-fusco-cinerei, in longitudinem rimosi, subnitidi,
glabri vel fere glabri. Ochreve circa 0:5 em. long., plerumque apice breviter laceratze,
firme, polite, interdum nervosee, persistentes. Petioli 0°5-2°5 cm. long., ad basin
ochrez inserti, crassiusculi, minutissime puberuli; folia usque ad 13:0 cm. long. et
vix 7:0 cm. lat., minora vero exstant (e. g. 6'5 cm. long.), novella tenuia cito
chartacea et paginà inferiore nitidissima, demum coriacea et utrinque pallide
nitentia, subtus pallidiora, margine cartilagineo interdum paullo revoluto, nervis
lateralibus angulo circa 75? abeuntibus, aperte arcuatis. Inflorescentia terminalis,
racemosa, 4°0 cm. long., sub fructu ad 8'0 cm. long., laxiflora, pedunculo circa
0:5 em. long. insidens. Bracteze lanceolate, circa 0:07 cm. long. Ochreole bracteas
subzquantes. Pedicelli circa 0:35 cm. long., sub fructus plerumque 0:6 cm. patentes.
Flores dilute virides. Perianthii tubus brevissimus; lobi insequales, 0:2 cm. long.,
ovati vel ovato-orbiculares, in anthesi erecti. Filamenta complanata, sursum
paullo attenuata, 0'2 cm. long., erecta; antherz exsertee. Ovarium oblongum,
sursum leviter coarctatum, trigonum, 0:1 cm. long., stylis 3 coronatum. Fructus
ovoideus, apice lobis perianthii instructus, totus 0°6 em. long. 0:4 cm. diam.
Nux triquetra, polita.
Planta verisimiliter cum C. laxiflorá, Lindau, conferenda, cujus spices laxiflorz etsi
multo breviores, et ochreolee minute et pedicelli elongati, folia vero omnino alia, et flores
divergunt. Habitus itaque C. laxiflore minus robustus, et ochreze adpressee nec ample
et evanidee. [Bras. Or.]
COCCOLOBA PARAGUARIENSIS, Lindau, in Engl. Jahrb. xiii. p. 218.
Hab. Crescit ad Puerto Pacheco, mens. Feb. florens. (N. 1049.) [Paraguaria. ]
CoccoLoBA ($ CAMPDERIA) SARMENTOSA (sp. nov.); ramulis glabris, ochreis adpressis
| glabris; foliis parvis ovatis vel lanceolatis obtusis, basi paullo angustatis, brevissime
cordatis; costis secundariis et venulis laxe reticulatis, utrinque eminentibus; inflo-
rescentize nodulis 1-floris, rhachide dense ac minute pubescente; pedicellis florum
ochreolam vix «quantibus; fructibus ovoideis obtusis, lobis perianthii ei arcte
adpressis.
Hab. Inveni ad Corumbá mens. Jan. (N. 1038.)
Frutex altus, altitudine preetermissá, copiose ramosus, ramulis purpureo-cinereis striatis,
lenticellis magnis parce adspersis. Ochrew circa 0:3-0:6 cm. long. mox evanide.
. Petioli 0:5-0:8 em. long., juxta basin ochreæ inserti, tenues, erecti, rufo- vel pallide :
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 447
fulvo-tomentosi; folia 3:0-8'0 cm. long., modica circa 2:0-3:0 cm. lat, supra,
prsesertim in nervis, minute pubescentia, subtus pubescentia et in nervo mediano
tomentella, membranaceo-coriacea, in sicco virescentia, subtus pallidiora; costz
secundarize sub margine subito arcuate. Inflorescentia terminalis, racemosa,
solitaria, foliis longior, plerumque 5:0-7:0 em. long., multiflora, nodulis 1-floris;
pedunculo 0'1 cm. long. et rhachide pubescentibus. Bractew late ovate, acute,
circa 0:12 cm. long., dorso puberulz, fere omnino membranacese. Ochreole bilobee,
bracteas paullo excedentes, membranacese. Flores albi. Perianthii tubus brevis-
simus; lobi late ovati, obtusissimi, 0'2 cm. long. Filamenta brevissima, antheras
inclusas longitudine non excedentia. ^ Ovarium oblongo-ovoideum, subacute
trigonum, 0°12 em. long. Styli 3, ovario 5-plo breviores. Fructus, calyce haud
exempto, 0:7 em. long., vix 0°5 cm. diam., pericarpio crustaceo purpureo-fusco.
Videtur Coccolobá paraguariensi, Lindau, affinis, abhorrens vero foliis pubescentibus,
rhachide pubescente, pedicellis ochreolas subsequantibus, bracteis ovatis, et pluribus
signis aliis. [Paraguaria. |
PIPERACE. E.
PIPER ORTHOSTACHYUM, C. DC. in DC. Prod. xvi. 1, p. 247.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. amenta ostendit. (N. 960.) [Bras. Or.,
Ind. Occ.]
PrPER GENICULATUM, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 15.
Hab. Inveni in nemorosis ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 311.)
Frutex diffusus, vix trimetralis. [Amer. Trop. |
PIPER ASPERIFOLIUM, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. i. p. 37.
Hab. Reperi ad ripam rivuli in ascensu montium Serra da Chapada mens. Aug.
(N. 123.)
Frutex circa trimetralis, caule basi circa 2:0 em. diam., deorsum aphyllo. [Bras. Or.,
Amazonia, Peruvia, Guiana, Ins. Trinitatis. |
PrPER TUBERCULATUM, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. ii. p. 2.
Hab. Frutex bimetralis viget in ripá fl. Jangada, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 266.)
[ Amer. Trop. |
PEPEROMIA NUMMULARIFOLIA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 66.
Hab. Abundat ad Santa Cruz, in sylvà primeva inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, et
alibi. (N.339.) [Amer. Trop. |
PEPEROMIA, sp. Planta circa 15 cm. long. in sicco nigricans, caule a lateribus compresso,
superne foliigero ibique dimidio inferiore elato, sursum angustiore; foliis brevi.
petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, vix usque ad 4:5 em. long., amento
448 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
gracili superne coarctato 4:0 cm. long. pedicello tenui 0:5 cm. long. insidente.
Amento unico sejuncto, utrum terminale fuisset, necne, nescio. Reliqua tacite
praetermitto.
Hab. Crevit in arboris trunco ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. (N. 340.)
LAURACEJE.
CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM, Nees, in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 74.
Hab. Ad Villa Maria cultum sub nom. Canella. [Ind. Or.]
AIOUEA ($ EUAIOUEA) PRUINOSA (sp. nov.; ramulis fulvo sericeo-tomentosis, mox
glabris; foliis rigidis, glabris vel in nervis minute puberulis, ovato-lanceolatis obtusis,
obsolete cuspidatis, deorsum in petiolum brevem attenuatis, penninervibus, utrinque
sed presertim subtus eminenter reticulato-nervosis, margine solemniter incrassatis ;
inflorescentiá pluriflorá, folia excedente, subtiliter pruinosá, floribus pruinosis 0°3 cm.
long.; perianthii tubo lobos genitalia includentes subequante ; androecii seriebus
2 exter. fertilibus, 2 inter. ad staminodia reductis; antheris filamentis subzequilongis
introrsis; connectivo breviter producto obtuso; staminodiis ser. IV. nec vel
brevissime stipitatis; stylo ovario subzequilongo.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada inter Cuyabá et Santa Anna da
Chapada, ubi flores et fructus simul ostendit mens. Aug. (N. 127.)
Frutex ultrametralis. Rami subteretes, cortice bruneo, nitido, tenuiter striato obducti.
Folia alternantia, raro opposita vel subopposita, 7:0-9:5 em. long., 3:0-4/0 em. lat.,
pag. sup. nitida, pag. inf. decoloria; coste secundarie utrovis latere 6, plereque
distantes et variis angulis coste medie inserte, ipsa sub margine plus minus per-
spicue anastomosantes; petioli 1:0-1:3 cm. long., facie superiore canaliculati.
Inflorescentie, ad 10:0 cm. long. effuse. Perianthii tubus turbinatus, haud con-
tractus, pedicello gracili floribus duplo vel triplo longiore fultus; lobi genitaliis
vix longiores, leviter impares, late ovati, obtusi. Staminum filamenta tetragona,
crassa, albide piloso-pubescentia; anthere parve, triangulares, connectivo ultra
locellos breviter ac incurve producto. Staminodia ser. III. staminibus squilonga,
basi glandulis binis magnis, ovato-rotundatis, integris aucta, liguliformia, albide
piloso-pubescentia, sursum fere glabra. Staminodia ser. IV. pusilla, triangulari-ovata,
apice cuspidulata, deorsum pubescentia. Ovarium subglobosum, obsolete pruinosum,
01 cm. diam. Stylus 0:12 cm. long., basi parum ampliatus. Stigma capitellatum.
Bacca obovoidea, 1-0 em. long., 0'7 cm. diam., apice primo apiculata, mox obtusa,
basi cupelle parve 0:4 cm. diam. et 0:3 cm. alt. insidens.
A proxima 4. goyazensi, Benth. et Hook. f., optime discrepat signis pluribus, nempe
ramulis juvenilibus tomentosis, foliorum ambitu, inflorescentiá laxiore, floribus majoribus
(fll. spec. Gardneriani n. 3424 modo 0:25 cm. long., nec 0:3 em. ut scripsit el. Mez),
perianthii lobis genitalia subzquantibus, antheris filamentis subzequilongis, staminodiis
ser. IV. toto ccelo disparibus, itaque baccæ formå. [Goyaz.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 449
NECTANDRA BOMBYCINA (sp. nov.); foliis brevipetiolatis, supra sericeo-tomentellis, dein,
presertim in nervis, minute pubescentibus, subtus subferrugineo-sericeis, ovato-
lanceolatis, apice caudato-acuminatis, basi acutis, nequaquam acuminatis, supra
obscure, subtus eminenter reticulato-nervosis ; inflorescentiis quam folia brevioribus
vel folia summa subeequantibus, subanguste paniculatis, ferrugineo-tomentosis,
floribus hermaphroditis, tomentellis, 1:0 em. diam., antheris ser. I. sessilibus, serr.
II. et LII. filamentis brevibus, crassis, biglandulosis, omnibus apice obtusis; ovario
glabro, stylo manifeste breviore.
Hab. Matto Grosso (Leeson, in Herb. Mus. Brit.).
Ramuli 3'0-7:0 cm. diam., subteretes, sursum compresso-angulati, ferrugineo-tomentosi.
Foliorum lamina usque ad 19:0 em. long., modica vero 12:0-14-0 cm., foll. summorum
usque ad 8:0-11:0 em. imminuta, 3°0-4°5 cm. lat., acumine nec ultra 2:0 em. long.
preedita, basi aeutà et subsubito in petiolum ferrugineo-tomentosum, supra late
canaliculatum, subtus striatum, plerumque circa 1:'0 cm. long. desinens; cost:
secundariz utrinque 6-8, oblique inserte, supra impressee, subtus eminentes et in
axillis infefioribus rufo-barbellate. Inflorescentize subpauciflore, inferiores longi-
summi brevipedunculatee, illee reverá usque ad 10:0 cm. long. et folia ssepe sub-
eequantes, hæ nonnunquam usque ad 2:'0-3:0 cm. abbreviate ; pedunculi 1:0-6:0 em.
long., modici 5'0 cm., pedicelli circa 02 em. long. Bractew ovate, acute, deciduze,
0:25-0:3 cm. long. Perianthii tubus conspicuus, apice haud constrictus; segmenta
subrotundata, obtusa, ssepe insequalia, usque ad 03 em. long. et 0°25 em. lat. Anthere
ser. I. basi angustatze, 0:12 em. long. et lat., extus ferrugineo-papillosus, serr. II. et
III. eas ser. I. superantes, ser. III. subextrorsee, locellis juxta basin anthere positis.
Staminodia non vidi. Ovarium subglobosum, loculus 0:06 em. long. Stylus ovarii
loculum triplo excedens, basi ampliatus. Stigma obtusum. Fructus ignotus.
Juxta N. wrophyliam, Meissn., et N. ambiguam, Meissn., interponenda, ab illà discrepat,
inter alia, tomento ferrugineo, foliis ovato-lanceolatis breviter nec longe acuminatis, basi
aeutis nec acuminatis, inflorescentiis longioribus, floribus minoribus, antheris obtusis,
antheris ser. II. biglandulosis. JV. ambigua indumentum et folia disparia, antheras ser. I.
longe triangulari-acutas et ser. II. sessiles, ovarium stylo sequilongum, etc. ostendit.
[ Amazonia, Guiana |
In hune ordinem trahenda sunt specimina duo nimis manca, quee sunt :—
(i) Frutex altus, ramosus, ramis teretibus, rufo-tomentosis, dein pubescentibus; foliis
rigidis, supra glabris et nitidis, lanceolatis acuminatis, interdum cuspidatis, basi
coarctatis, 8°5-15-0 cm. long., 3:0—48 cm. lat., paginà superiore arcte reticulatis,
margine revoluto paullo incrassatis, petiolo 1:0-1°5 cm. long. insidentibus ; inflores-
centià pauciflorá, plerumque foliis breviore nec ultra 7:0 cm. non raro brevissimá et
modo 1-2-florà ; baccis ellipsoideis, 1:0 cm. long., 0°6 cm. diam., apice obtusis, basi
cupelle bene evolutze, 0-6 cm. diam., deorsum in pedicellum brevem incrassatum
desinente insidentibus.
Hab. Inveni ad Santa Cruz pedicellos rubros et baccas primo virides, deinde nigras
mens. Nov. gerentem. (N. 518.)
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. oN
450 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
(ii) Arbuscula, caule gracili erecto, ramis patulis subteretibus ; foliis rigidis, ovato-lanceo-
latis, breviter cuspidatis, obtusis, minute reticulato-nervosis, margine revoluto paullo
incrassatis, plerisque 9:0-13:0 cm. long.; petiolis 0'5-1:0 cm. long.; inflorescentià
pauciflorà, plerumque foliis breviore; baccis ovoideis, 1:1 cm. long., 0'7 em. lat.,
viridibus, basi eupellà evolutà 0'7 cm. lat. et 0:35 cm. alt., deorsum in pedicellum
brevem quodammodo incrassatum subito coarctatá suffultis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, fructus ostendens mens. Nov. (N. 695.)
MONIMIACE E.
SIPARUNA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 865.
Hab. Viget in sylvestribus ad Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 309.) [Amer.
Trop. |
LORANTHACEZ.
PSITTACANTHUS CORDATUS, Blume, in Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1730.
Hab. Reperi crescentem super Triplaris speciem (N. 1020 a) inter Villa Maria et
Corumbá, itaque juxta Corumbá super Psidium Guayava, Raddi, et Myrtaceam inde-
terminatam, floribus et fructibus orbam, necnon super Bauhiniam microphyllam, Vog.,
prope montem Páo d’Assucar. Floret menss. Dec.-Feb. (Nn. 978, 1011, 1020, 1089.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Paraguaria. ]
PHTHIRUSA ($ EUPHTHIRUSA) ABDITA (sp. nov.) Scandens, radicellis prehensilibus
paucis, ramulis cinereis, juvenilibus dilute bruneis; foliis lanceolatis, rarius
obovato-oblongis acutis, obtusis, vel cuspidato-acuminatis, basi sensim acutatis,
tenuiter coriaceis, utrinque surdis, ternationibus pedicellatis, racemosis, rarius
simpliciter paniculatis, ramis axillaribus solitariis; pedicellis 0:3-0:5 cm. long.;
filamentis fll. femineorum obsolete glandulosis; antheris graciliter caudato-
acuminatis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz super Helicterem guazumefoliam, H. B. K., itaque in
eodem loco super Malphighiaceam ignotam floribus et fructibus carentem. Mens. Nov.
flores et baccas profert. (Nn. 594, 594 a.)
Planta feminea solummodo nota. Radicelli prehensiles satis incrassati, brunei, lenti-
cellis parvis copiose muniti. Rami elongati, graciles, teretes, in longitudinem
striatuli, crebre lenticelliferi, nodis tumidis; ramuli nonnunquam basi plus minus
tumentes; internodia pleraque 2:0-6:0 em. long. Foliorum lamine 4'0-8:'0 em.
long., plerumque 1:5-2:5 cm. lat., in petiolos subteretes plus minus teretes 0°7-1'3
cm. long. gradatim attenuate, siccæ fusce, vivze dilute virides; costa media lata
inferne duplicata; coste secundariz paucæ, una cum venulis utrinque, plus minus
eminentibus, laxe reticulate. Inflorescentise erecto-ascendentes vel horizontales
vel paullo decurve, folia subzequantes vel iis longiores, usque ad 8:0 em. long., fere
recte, interdum basi simpliciter paniculatz ; rhachis angulata, vix 0:1 cm. diam.,
superne, intervallis plerumque 0:3-0'8 cm., ternationum paria plerumque 6-8 (vel
inferne rhachidem ternationiferam secundi ordinis) emittens; ternationes validius-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 451
cule pedicellatze, nonnunquam rhachidi alternatim affixe. — Bractes triangulari-
ovate, bractea primaria secundariis acutis paullo major et obtusa, 0°12 em. long.
Flores lutescenti-virides. Calyx 0:05 em. long., ore obscure undulato. Alabastra
oblonga, obtusa, calyce et ovario incluso 0:45 cm. long. Petala 6, linearia,
03 cm. long. Staminodia juxta medium petalum inserta, majora vix O'l cm.
long., filamentis sublyratis; anthers parve, caudato-acuminate. Ovarium cylin-
dricum, 0-1 cm. long.; stylus crassiusculus, superne amplificatus, ovarium duplo
superans. Baccæ ambitu oblongee, prima :etate virides, dein rubra, 0'8 cm. long.,
0:5 cm. diam. Semen vix 0'6 cm. long. et 0°35 em. lat., totum viscino cinctum.
Endospermium grumosum. Radicula clavata, haud exserta. Plumula ultra cotyle-
dones breviter exserta.
Species verisimiliter cum Phthirusá theloneurd, Eichl., conferenda; ab ea vero differt,
preter signa alia, foliis nodulis verruciformibus carentibus, inflorescentiá interdum
paniculata, antheris longius acuminatis, baccis majoribus. ([Amazonia.]
PHTHIRUSA ($ EUPHTHIRUSA) BAUHINLE (sp. nov.). Scandens, radicellis prehensilibus
paucis, ramulis bruneo-rufescentibus, demum cinereis; foliis brevipetiolatis, ovato-
lanceolatis, mucronulatis, raro emarginatis, basi paullo coarctatis, tenuiter coriaceis,
in sieco utrinque fuscis, vix nitentibus, ternationibus sessilibus vel breviter pedi-
cellatis, paniculatis, interdum subracemosis ; floribus interdum solitariis, paniculis
lateralibus angustis subthyrsoideis; calycis membranacei margine obsolete undulato,
filamentis fll. masculorum sursum glandulosis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, super Bauhiniam cumanensem, H. B. K., et plantam
ignotam, verisimiliter Vochysiaceam quandam. Floret mens. Dec. (Nn. 749, 749 a.)
Planta feminea ignota. Radicelli prehensiles ut in Phth. abditá. Rami elongati,
teretes, longitrorsum striati, lenticellis parvis muniti, ad nodos parum tumidi;
internodia. pleraque 1:5-5:5 cm. long. Foliorum lamine 3°5-5°5 cm. long.,
plerzeque 1:5-25 em. lat., petiolis 0:2-0:5 em. long. canaliculatis; costa media
ultra medium folii duplicata ; costa secundarie pauce utrinque eminentes.
Panicule erectee, laterales ad 6:0. em. long.; rhachis complanata, subalata,
0:1-0:2 em. lat. intervallis plerumque 0:8-1:'0 cm. ternationes vel rhachillas
ternationiferas emittens ; rhachillee uti rhachides subalate, erecto-ascendentes, nunc
abbreviate, nune usque 2:5-9:0 cm. long. Ternationum pedicelli nec ultra 0:15 cm.
long. Bractea primaria triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, plana, 0'7 cm. long. ; bractez
laterales paullo minores, naviculares. Flores virescentes. Alabastra ovoidea,
obtusa. Calyx tubularis, 0'1 cm. long. Petala 6, lanceolata, 0:25 cm. long:
Stamina juxta basin petalorum inserta, iis breviora; filamenta incrassata, lon-
giora superne parum ampliata, lateribus excavatis, breviora integra. Antheræ
staminum longiorum reniformes, filamento fere sequilate, breviter caudato-acumi-
nate, locellis postieis oblongis, anticis obsoletis; ew staminum breviorum longius
acuminate, rotundate, acuminate, locellis anticis posticis minoribus. Ovarii rudi-
mentum parum corrugatum. Discus obsoletus. Stylus cylindricus, prope apicem
parum incrassatus et curvatus. Stigmatis rudimentum obtusum, haud capitatum.
JN 2
452 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Phthiruse Theobroma, Eichl., foliis disparibus, paniculis multo amplioribus, floribus
semper ternatim dispositis, majoribus albis nec virescentibus, staminibus aliis, et stylo recto
nec curvato et stigmatis rudimento capitato gaudet. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana,
Venezuela, Peruvia, Amer. Centr., Jamaica. |
STRUTHANTHUS POLYANTHUS, Mart. in Flora, 1830, p. 105. Var. MATTOGROSSENSIS
(var. nov.). Abhorret a typo internodiis brevioribus, foliis plerumque paullo lati-
oribus, calyce et ovarii rudimento majoribus, antheris longioribus et longius acumi-
natis, filamentis brevioribus, stylo graciliore superne angustato.
Hab. Reperi ad Jangada super Viticem cymosum, Bertero, et alias plantas scandentem,
et mens. Sept. flores virides ostendentem. (N. 279.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
ORYCTANTHUS RUFICAULIS, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 90.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz super Bauhiniam obtusatam, Vog., et plantam indetermi-
natam, forsan Vochysiaceam. (Nn. 307, 444a, 560a.) [ Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela. ]
PHORADENDRON RUBRUM, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 314.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, verisimiliter super Acacie speciem floribus et fructibus
carentem. Ibi baccas aurantiacas ostendit mens. Jan. (N. 954.) [Amer. Trop. et
Subtrop. |
PHORADENDRON CRASSIFOLIUM, Eichl. in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. 2, p. 125.
Hab. Legi ad Serra da Chapada super hospitem preetermissum, necnon ad Santa Cruz
super Curatellam americanam, Linn., et Bauhiniam obtusatam, Vog., crescentem. (Nn. 165,
534, 584a.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela, Ind. Occ. |
PHORADENDRI sp. indeterminabilis, .P. coriaceo, Mart., affinis, ramulis nunc tere-
tiusculis, nunc ancipitibus, et ad extremitates complanatis; vaginá cataphyllari,
plerumque solitariá, basilari, ssepe breviter 2-3-lobá; foliis planis lanceolato-oblongis
obtusissimis, basi in petiolum brevem alatum desinentibus; laminis plerisque 7:5-
90 cm. long., circa 3:5 cm. lat., coriaceis, opacis, rugoso-undulatis, 7-palmati-
nervibus; spicis binis axillaribus usque ad 377 em. longis, vix 0:25 em. diam., nondum
adultis, 5-6-articulatis; prophyllis vaginis bractealibus ore 0:25 em. diam. obsolete
bidentatis articulis gracilibus 2x (11-5) floris, flore impari apicali 2.
Hab. Reperi super Psittacanthum cordatum, Blume, crescentem ad Uacurisal, inter Villa
Maria et Corumbá. (N. 1019.) [Bras. Or.]
EUPHORBIACE E.
EUPHORBIA Cxcorvm, Mart. ex Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 31.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz, necnon in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada. (Nn. 70, 758.)
[Bras. Or., Goyaz, Bolivia.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 453
EUPHORBIA BRASILIENSIS, Lam. Encyc. ii. p. 423.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada mens. Sept. fl. (N. 257.) [Amer. Austr. Trop., Ind. Occ.,
Ins. Madeira.)
EUPHORBIA PILULIFERA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 454. Var. PROCUMBENS, Boiss.
Hab. Florebat ad Jangada mens. Sept. (N. 255.) [Late diffusa.)
PHYLLANTHUS SELLOWIANUS ?, Muell. Arg. in Linnæa, xxxii. p. 37. (An sp. diversa ?)
Hab. Juxta fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, mens. Oct. (N. 641.)
Frutex circa trimetralis, copiose ramosus. Flores virescenti-albidi. Flores feminei
soli suppetebant.
PHYLLANTHUS SCHOMBURGKIANUS, Muell. Arg. in Linnza, xxxii. p. 37. Var. GUYANENSIS.
Hab. Viget ad Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 744.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Guiana,
Amazonia. |
PHYLLANTHUS NOBILIS, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 414.
Hab. Floret prope Corumbá menss. Dec.-Jan. (Nn. 901, 1025.) (Amer. Austr. Trop.]
JaTROPHA Cuncas, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1006. ;
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. florescit. (N. 666.) In tropicis sepe culta. ]
This plant seems to be truly wild at Santa Cruz.
JATROPHA VITIFOLIA, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 5.
Hab. Circum Cuyabá abundat, itaque in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi
florentem et fructificantem reperi mens. Aug. (neenon occurrit ad Corumbá). (N. 125.)
Planta erecta usque trimetralis, ramulorum apicibus foliatis, ceteroquin aphylla.
Flores albi. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Paraguaria.]
Croton ($ Eucroton, EUTROPIA) MIMETICUS (sp. nov.); petiolis laminá multo brevi-
oribus, laminis anguste obovato-oblongis obtusis vel emarginatis, trinervibus, subtus
subdense, supra rarius lepidotis, basi biglandulosis; stipulis parvis, triangulari-
subulatis; racemis folio subzequilongis florum fasciculis instructis ; bracteis parvis
lanceolatis; florum masculorum petalis oblongo-spathulatis, intus: albido-barbatis,
staminibus 17, filamentis breviter pilosis, antheris oblongis; florum femineorum
calycis laciniis lineari-oblongis obtusis ; ovario dense lepidoto; stylis fere ad medium
dichotomis, laciniis bipartitis.
Hab. Crescit ad Villa Maria, ubi mens. Dec. inveni florentem. (N. 843.)
Frutex altus, biorgyalis, copiose ramosus. Ramuli satis incrassati, subteretes 0°6-0°7
em. diam., lepidibus dilute bruneis, margine erosulis, medio piliferis densissime
obtecti; ramuli ultimi angulati, subtus in sicco compressiusculi ; internodia pleraque
1 0-3:0 cm. long. Petioli ascendentes vel patuli, 2°0-3°5 cm. long., canaliculati,
sub limbo incrassati, dense lepidoti; glandulee selleformes, 0°75 cm. diam. ; lamina
10:0-20'0 em. long., 4°0-7-0 cm. lat., basi breviter cuneatim coarctata, coriaceo-
454. MR..SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
membranacea, margine repanda, paginá inferiore decolor ibique lepidibus lutescenti-
albidis piliferis haud tangentibus munita, paginà superiore lepides parvas raro
piliferas ferens; costa media crassa, supra impressa, subtus eminens; costs; secun-
dariæ utroque latere 12-15, subrectz, patule. ^ Racemi crassi, circa 140 cm. long.,
intervallis brevibus florum fasciculos proferentes, 0:2-0:35 cm. diam. Bracteze 0:15
em. long., intus fuseze. Flores sessiles vel subsessiles. Florum masculorum sepala
. 0:2 em. long. vix 0'1 cm. lat. Antherz vix O1 cm. long. Florum femineorum
calyx 0:5 cm. long. Ovarium 0:4 cm. long. - Stylorum lacini: involutee, in sicco
atrate. Capsula cylindrica, vix 1'0 cm. long. Semina 0'7 em. long. dorso longi-
trorsum costulata, testa purpureo-fusco-bruneá obducta.
Crotoni cuneato, Klotzsch, arcte affinis, distans vero ob habitum robustiorem, folia nun-
quam acuminata, inflorescentiam crassiorem, et presertim flores utriusque sexüs multo
majores. Stamina stirpis nostre etiam 17 et anthers abbreviate. [Amazonia, Guiana. |
Croton ($ Eucroron, EUTROPIA) SARCOPETALOIDES (sp. nov.) Fruticulus erectus,
ramosus, indumento stellato instructus, ramulis foliosis striatis, arcte tomentoso-
pubescentibus, dein puberulis; petiolis laminà plerumque 2-3-plo brevioribus ;
laminà majusculá, late ovata, cuspidato-acuminatá, basi cordatá vel rotundato-
truncata, ibique glandulis duabus parvis munitá, supra glabrá, subtus pubescente,
9-nervi; racemis demum folia longe excedentibus, validis, plurifloris, intervallis
brevibus inferne solummodo flores femineos vel florum masculorum et femineorum
intermixtorum fasciculos proferentibus, superne masculis ; bracteis parvis, subulatis,
acutis, superioribus 1-3-floris ; floris masculi sepalis oblongis acutis; petalis oblongis
obtusis, imá basi barbatulis; staminibus 16, filamentis basi glabris, receptaculo
piloso; floris feminei calycis laciniis erectis, triangularibus, acutis, ovario depresse
globoso, dense fulvo-tomentoso, brevioribus ; glandulis petalinis ut in C. sarcopetalo,
Muell. Arg. ; stylis ascendentibus, alte bipartitis, cruribus simplicibus.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens. (N. 940.)
Fruticulus nec ultra-metralis. Ramuli crebri, petioli, 2:5-3:0 em. diam., herbacei, longi-
trorsum striati. — Lamins maxime inequales, plereque 8:0-12:0 cm. long. (4:0-17:0
cm.), 5:5-10:5 cm. lat., nonnunquam margine denticulate, membranacez, supra
saturate virides, subtus pallidee; costee secundarize utroque latere- 5-8, interjectis
passim minoribus, angulis latis insertze, juxta marginem arcuate, facie inferiore emin-
entiores ; glandule in sicco brunez vel atrate, patelliformes, 0:12 em. diam.; petioli
usque ad 7:0 em. long., modici vero 3:5 cm., rarissime 14°0 cm. attingentes, validi,
patuli, tomentoso-pubescentes, 0:1-0:3 cm. diam. Racemi tandem usque ad 33:0 cm.
long., angulati, tomentosi, deinde puberuli, basi usque ad 0:25 cm. diam. Flores
masculi 0°5 cm. diam., sepalis 0:3 cm. long. Petala totidem, ungue brevi
barbato exempto obsolete ciliolata. Filamenta petalis equilonga; anthers 0'7 cm.
long., oblonge. Florum femineorum sepala 0:13 cm. long. Glandule petaline
breviter pedicellatze, exsertze, selleeformes, 0:07 cm. diam. Ovarium floris aperientis
circa 0:2 cm. long., dense fulvo-tomentosum, mox cinereum. Stylorum crura
inferne tomentosa, superne glabra involuta fusca, 0:2 cm. long. Capsula depresse
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 455
subglobosa, 0°5 cm. long. et diam., pubescens. Semina oblonga, postice parum
attenuata, 0'4 cm. long., 0°3 cm. lat., testá bruneo-purpureà utrinque bis trans-
versim corrugata.
Certe Croton? sarcopetalo, Muell. Arg., proxime affinis, speciei ab auctore laudato juxta
C. soratensem, Muell Arg., e subsectione COleodorá (cujus bractes inferiores haud
bisexuales) intercalatee. —Stirpis nostree racemi characteres nunc subsectionis Cleodore,
nune florum masculorum abortu subsectionis Hutropie preebent, bractese infimse vero
C. sarcopetali semper unisexuales. Preeter inflorescentiam C. sarcopetaloides rite
secernendus videtur ob indumentum longe dispar, stamina nec ultra 16, et signa alia
levioris momenti. [Argentina, Paraguaria. ]
Croton ($ Eucroton, EUTROPIA) Sancr#-crucis (sp. nov.); caule erecto, aphyllo,
sursum ramulos foliigeros appresse tomentosos, deinde fere glabros emittente ; petiolo
quam lamina circa 4-plo breviore; laminá lanceolata acuminata, basi acutatá, ibique
glandulis duabus sessilibus conspicuis instructá, subpenninervi, firme membranaceá,
supra glabrata, subtus albide vel subfulve vel cinereo-tomentosá ; racemis primo
folia subeequantibus, mox, floribus fere omnibus jam apertis, ea paullo excedentibus,
erectis, gracillimis, angulatis, tomentosis, inferne flores femineos sessiles vel flores
femineos masculis intermixtos, superne flores masculos pedicellatos proferentibus ;
bracteis minutis, superioribus 1-3-floris, floribus brevipedicellatis; petalis masc.
anguste lineari-spathulatis, ungue dense barbatis, ceterum glabris; staminibus 12;
filamentis ima, basi levissime pilosis ; antheris ellipsoideis, receptaculo piloso ; calycis
fem. laciniis triangulari-oblongis, obtusis, basi pilosis, ibique squamulá parvá auctis ;
glandulis petalinis setaceis, calycis laciniis sequilongis; ovario trigono-subgloboso,
minute tomentoso; stylis glabriusculis, a basi divergentibus, ultra medium semel
dichotomis, cruribus longe involutis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret et fructificat. (N. 567.)
Fruticulus erectus, tenuis, usque bimetralis. Caulis aphyllus, ramulos foliigeros superne
emittens, cinereus, glaber, longitrorsum striatulus et rimosus, usque ad 0:35 em. diam.
Ramuli erecti, ascendentes, obsolete angulati, 0'1-L:2 cm. diam., tomento cinereo
vel subfulvo instructi. Foliorum lamina plerumque 5:0-9:0 cm. long., et 1:2-2:5
em. lat., supra sordide viridis, subtus decolor; costee secundarise 8-10, oblique (raro
angulis latis) insertee, leviter arcuate, una cum costá medianá supra impressee,
subtus eminentes; glandulæ patelliformes, 0:1 cm. diam., in sicco brunex ; petioli
0:5-2:0 em. long., ascendentes vel patuli, tomentosi. Racemi solemniter mox 6:0—
9:0 em. long. nec ultra 0'1 cm. diam. Florum fasciculi inferiores plerumque
distantes, superiores approximati. Bracteze subulate, pedicellos subsequantes ;
pedicelli tomentosi, 0-1 em. long. Calycis masc. lacinise oblongæ, obtuse, 0:13 cm.
long. Petala 0:22 cm. long., margine minutissime crenellata. Stamina petalis
sequilonga; antherz 0:05 cm. long. Calycis fem. lacinise 0°12 cm. long. Ovarium
077 cm. long., 0:5 em. lat., stylis in toto ipso paullo longioribus coronatum ; stylorum
crura 0'1 cm. long. Capsula trigono-ellipsoidea, 0°5 cm. long., 0:4 cm. lat., tomen-
456 MR, SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
tella. Semina ambitu elliptica, 0:45 cm. long., 0:35 lat., pallida, sub lente minu-
tissime scrobiculata.
Forsan juxta Crotonem brasiliensem, Muell. Arg., difficiliter digerendus, sed plurimis
signis ab illo discrepat. Habitu equidem ad species plures subsectionis Cleodore propius
accedit; ob bracteas inferiores vero seepe bisexuales ad subsectionem Futropiam melius,
me judice, referri debet. [ Bras. Or.]
CROTON CAJUCARA, Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. vi. (1854) p. 376.
Hab. Crescit in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, ubi floret et
fructificat mens. Oct. (N. 613.) [Amazonia.]
Croton ($ Evcroron, CLEODORA) NIVIFER (sp. nov.); ramulis, foliis, et inflorescentiá
lepidibus minutis niveis, parcis, depresso-stellatis munitis; novellis dense tomentoso-
lepidotis; foliis parvis, brevipetiolatis, lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, acutis vel
breviter acuminatis, margine serrulatis, trinervibus, basi biglandulosis; racemis
tenuibus, distantifloris, quam folia brevioribus, deorsum femineis; bracteis parvis
triangulari-subulatis, masculis 1-3-floris ; petalis masculis oblongo-spathulatis
obtusis, ungue barbatis; glandulis hypogynis aurantiacis, liberis; staminibus 16,
filamentis elongatis glabris; antheris ellipticis, 4-plo longioribus quam latis; florum
femineorum calycis laciniis triangularibus acutis, basi intus pilosulis; petalis glandu-
losis, albis ; ovario quam calyx duplo longiore, lepidoto-tomentoso ; stylis subbrevibus,
laciniis bipartitis.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá et mens. Jan. floret. (N. 1096.)
Fruticulus humilis, erectus, ramosus. Ramuli subteretes, deinde glabri, striati,
virescentes, lineis bruneis notati. Folia demum glabra, usque ad 5:0 em. long., 0:8-
2:0 cm. lat., nonnunquam inferne undulata nec serrulata, membranacea; costo
secundariz 6-9, pæne rectee, angulis valde imparibus inserte; glandule patelli-
formes, 0°05 cm. diam., in sicco atratee; petioli 0:5-0:8 cm. long., tomentosi.
Racemi usque ad 10:0 em. long., 0:05-0:075 cm. diam., curvati, subglabri. Bractez
0:075 cm. long. Flores breviter pedicellati; masculorum glabrorum calyx 0:3 cm.
diam., lacinize oblongo-ovatee, 0'1 cm. long. Glandule hypogyne conspicue sub-
globoso-reniformes. Filamenta 0:2 cm. et antherz 0°03 cm. long. Calyx fem.
0:16 cm. long. et diam. ; laciniz 0'l cm. long., erectee, margine ciliolatze, dorso
carinulate. ^ Glandulz petalinsee globulose, parve. Ovarium trigonum, 0:35 cm.
long. Styli a basi divergentes, facie interiore canaliculati. Capsula haud visa.
Forsan juxta C. leptobotryum, Muell, Arg., intercalandus, multis signis vero ab illo
recedens. (Bras. Or.]
Croton ($ Eucroron, CLEODORA) Docroris (sp. nov.); ramulis juvenilibus et inflores-
centiw€ axibus dilute lutescenti-tomentosis, illis mox subglabris; petiolis lamina
saltem triplo brevioribus; laminà e basi obtusá, parum obliquá, ovatá acutá vel
acuminata, mucronulatá, subtrinervi, basi glandulis duabus parvis breviter stipitatis
instructàá; racemis quam folia multoties longioribus, erectis, angulatis, multifloris,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 457
fere dimidio inferiore femineis; bracteis minutis, triangularibus, masculis 1-3-floris ;
petalis masculis spathulatis, ungue dense villoso-ciliato; staminibus 17, filamentis
glabris, antheris 3-plo longioribus quam latis; calycis feminei laciniis linearibus,
obtusis, erectis, ovario depresso-globoso paullo longioribus; stylis fere usque ad
basin bipartitis, cruribus brevibus.
Hab. Ad Corumbá satis abundat, et mens. Jan. thu; (N. 951.)
Frutieulus erectus, ramosus, usque metralis. Ramuli erecto-ascendentes, graciles, cito
cortice glabro leucopheeo lenticellis elevatis, plerumque secus lineolas longitudinales
dispositis, instructo. Foliorum lamina usque ad 10:5 cm. long., modica vero circa
7:0 em. long., 2:0-4:0 cm. lat., parum ineequilatera, membranacea, supra fere glabra
et saturate viridis, subtus pallidior et pubescens, dein puberula ; coste secundaria
utrovis latere plerumque 8-12, nune opposite, nune subopposite, nune alternatim
inserte, superiores approximate, levissime arcuate; glandule nec ultra 0:03 cm.
diam., patelliformes, in sicco brunes; petioli 0°7-2°5 cm. long. Racemi plerique
14:0-21-0 em. long., 0:1-0:2 cm. diam. Flores subdistantes, feminei plures, sessiles,
latá basi.inserti, masculi pedicellis tenuibus tomentosis 0'1-0:2 cm. long. insidentes.
Fl. masc. 0:4 cm. diam. albi calycis laciniz 0:12 cm. long., apice paullo incrassatee.
Petala 0:2 cm. long. 0°1 cm. lat., obtusissima, basi longe barbato-ciliata, alibi
obsolete ciliolata. Filamenta 0:2 em. long., una cum antheris 0:5 cm. long., saltem
in sieco rubescentia. Fl. fem. calycis laciniz 0:12 cm. long., intus basi pilose.
Glandule petalinze depresso - globosze, albæ. Ovarium hirtum, 0'2 cm. diam.
.Stylorum crura incurva, 0:2 em. long., atro-purpurea. Capsulam non vidi.
Juxta Crotonem tarapotensem, Muell. Arg., et C. sarcopetalum, Muell. Arg., interponenda,
ab illo abhorrens, przeter alia, foliorum ambitu et magnitudine et indumento, et spicis
longioribus distantifloris, ab hoc indumento foliorum omnino dispari, spicis elongatis
distantifloris, fll. fem. glandulis petalinis exiguis, ete. C. tucumanensis, Griseb., foliis
late ovatis et floribus multo majoribus gaudet. [Peruvia, Bolivia, Paraguaria, Argentina. ]
CROTON ($ EUCROTON, CLEODORA) CORUMBENSIS (sp. nov.) ; ramulis teretibus, gracilibus,
sursum foliatis, prima setate albido-tomentosis, mox glabris; petiolis lamina
multoties brevioribus, albido-tomentosis, laminis ovato-lanceolatis, rarius ovatis
acutis vel acuminatis, mucronatis, subtrinervibus, basi glandulis duabus parvis auctis,
membranaceis, supra glabratis, subtus incano-pubescentibus ; racemis folia deinde
excedentibus, plurifloris, inferne flores femineos plerumque 5-9 subsessiles, superne
masculos pedicellis tomentosis usque ad 0°15 em. long. insidentes proferentibus;
bracteis subulatis acuminatis florum masculorum plerumque 2-3-floris minutis,
fl. masc. calycis laciniis imparibus triangulari-ovatis acutis, petalis spathulatis,
acutiusculis, ungue dense barbato-ciliato ; staminibus 16, filamentis glabris ; glandulis
hypogynis, parvis, oblongis, albis; fl. fem. calycis laciniis ascendentibus, lineari-
- lanceolatis, obtuse acutis, basi intus hirtulis, glandulis petalinis parvis; ovario
ovoideo, quam calyx paullo breviore; stylis ascendentibus, fere ad basin bipartitis,
cruribus tenuibus elongatis.
Hab. Reperi ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. floret. (N. 975.)
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 30
458 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Fruticulus erectus, altitudine preetermissá. Ramuli 0:2-0:25 cm. diam., cortice
irregulariter striato, parce lenticellifero, bruneo cinereove obducti. Foliorum
lamina usque ad 9:0 em. long. (modica 6:0 cm.), 2:0—vix 4:0 em. lat., supra saturate
viridis, subtus incana, margine ciliolata; coste secundarie utrovis latere 5-12,
ipsa sub margine arcuatz, venule obscure; glandulee stipitate, crateriformes,
0:028 cm. diam., in sicco plerumque atrate; petioli 0:5—1:3 cm. long., tomentosi.
Racemi tempore fructificandi usque ad 12:0 cm. elongati in ingressu temporis florendi
modo 20-40 cm. long. Bractee florum fem. infimorum nonnunquam foliis
subsimiles, nisi multoties minores; superiorum et florum masc. circa O'l cm.
long. Flores masc. albi, 0:35 cm. diam., sepala 0'2 cm. long., latiora vix
0:2 em., angustiora modo 0'1 cm. lat. Petala 0:3 cm. long., ungue barbato
exempto minute ciliolata; glandule hypogyne parv:e, albze, ambitu rectangulares.
Filamenta 0:2 em. long. antheras oblongas vix triplo excedentia. Florum fem.
calycis lacinize 0:2 cm. long. Ovarium 0:15 cm. diam., hirtum. Stylorum crura
pilosa, 0-4 cm. long., in sicco brunea. Capsula cylindrica, 05 em. long., hirtula.
Semina (an matura ?) oblonga, postice angustata, compressa, 0*4 cm. long.
Crotoni Doctoris proximus, sed ob folia minora, racemos breviores, petala acutiuscula, fl.
mase. sepala inzqualia, ovarium diversiforme, et styli crura longiora verisimiliter ut
species propria rite intuendus.
Croton ($ EvcRoTON, CLEODORA) TURNERAFOLIUS (sp. nov.) Fruticulus parvus,
erectus, ramulis teretibus, validis, dense fulvo-tomentosis; petiolis laminà multo
brevioribus, laminis oblongis vel oblongo-oblanceolatis obtusis vel obtusissimis, supra
mox puberulis, subtus arete tomentoso-pubescentibus, basi glandulis duabus minutis
instruetis, 3-nervibus, pergamenis; racemis, plerumque folia excedentibus, erectis,
plurifloris, intervallis, preesertim superne, perbrevibus florigeris, inferne flores femineos
circa 10-12, superne flores solummodo masculos sustinentibus ; bracteis lanceolatis,
superioribus plerumque 2-3-floris, floribus utriusque sexüs breviter pedicellatis ;
petalis maseulis oblongis obtusis, ungue brevissimo toto villoso; staminibus 13,
filamentis basi villosis; sepalis femineis triangulari-oblongis obtusis, ovario hirtulo-
tomentoso depresse trigono-globoso sequilongis; stylis a basi divergentibus ad
medium semel dichotomis, cruribus apice involutis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. simul floret et fructificat. (N. 575.)
Caulis semimetralis, crebre foliatus, prorsus tomentosus, 03-04 cm. diam. Foliorum
laminze inzequales et reverá majores et minores sepe intermixte, juxta marginem
cito pubescentes, alibi, costá medià exemptá, puberulee, in sicco supra bruneze,
subtus subincanze ; costa media crassa, pag. inf. eminens; costz secundarie utrovis
latere 5—10 oblique insertze, prope marginem arcuatim anastomosantes, ceterum rectze
vel fere rectee; venulze obscurz; petioli circa 1:0 cm. long., patuli, pingues, dense
tomentosi. Racemi 7:0-12:0 em. long., basi usque ad 0-3-0:4 cm. diam., plane angulatee
et aliquanto complanatze. Bracteze, plerzeque circa 0'2 em. long., extus tomentose.
Pedicelli 0:1-0:2 em. long. Flores dilute viridi-lutescentes. Sepala mascula
triangulari-oblonga, obtusa, 0:2 em. long. Petala totidem, ungue excluso, glabra.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 459
Filamenta 0°35 cm. long.; anthere late elliptic. Sepala feminea 0:2 cm. long.,
intus pilosula. Glandule petalinze parvee, ovoidese, dense pilose, albe. Ovarium
0:2 cm. diam. Styli atrati, pilosi, 0-2 cm. long., cruribus gracilibus, 0:22 em. long.,
glabris. Capsula oblongo-ellipsoidea, 0:6 cm. long., 0:5 cm. diam., arcte pubescens.
Semina oblonga, 0:4 em. long., pæne 0°3 em. lat.; testa griseo-brunea, levis.
Non dubito quin ad Crotonem peraffinem, Muell. Arg., spectet, sed indumento molliore,
foliis obtusis longius petiolatis, floribus 13-andris, filamentis basi villosis, capsulà oblongo-
ellipsoideá nee globoso-ellipsoideà, necnon seminibus longioribus ac latioribus certe non
conspecifica. [ Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
CROTON ANTISYPHILITICUS, Mart. in Isis, 1824, p. 586.
Var. caulibus 23:0. cm. alt., simplicibus, superne piloso-hirsutis foliis lineari-lanceolatis
vel lanceolatis, 3'0-4:5 cm. long. 0°7 cm. lat, superne dentato-serratis scabride
stellato-pubescentibus, margine in sinibus dentium glandulosis.
Hab. In cacumine montium Serra da Chapada flores virides preebet mens. Aug.
(N. 180.) [Bras Or.)
Croton ($ EUCROTON, CLEODORA) PACHECENSIS (sp. nov.) Frutieulus parvus,
ascendens, a basi vel tantummodo superne ramosus, indumento lepidoto-stellato-
tomentoso albido arctissime obtectus; foliis brevipetiolatis, lanceolato-linearibus,
mucronulato-acutatis, subtriplinervibus, basi subrotundatis, glandulosis ; racemis
abbreviatis, paucifloris, basi femineis, superne masculis, floribus omnibus (preesertim
femineis) pedicellatis ; bracteis exiguis, ovatis, obtusis, superioribus 1—2-floris ; florum
masc., albido-tomentosorum petalis linearibus, obtusis, prorsus (preesertim vero basi et
apice) barbato-ciliatis ; staminibus 11, filamentis glabris ; sepalis femineis linearibus
acutiusculis, ovarium breviter excedentibus, basi intus squamulá parva auctis; ovario
trigono-subgloboso, lepidoto-tomentoso; stylis a basi divergentibus ultra medium
semel dichotomis, cruribus, una cum stylis pilosis, sursum arcuatim incurvis.
Hab. Ad Puerto Pacheco floret et fructificat mens. Feb. (Nn. 1050, 1062.)
Planta gracilis circa 35:0 cm. alt. Radix attenuatus, radicellos fibrosos subsimplices
parum undulatos plagiotropicos emittens. Caulis deinde minute lepidotus, longi-
trorsum striatulus, purpureo-leucophzeus, 0:2 cm. diam., ima basi ad 0:35-0:4 cm.
incrassatus. Rami 2-3-4-chotome divisi. Ramuli gracillimi, teretes. ^ Petioli
0:3-0'8 em. long. Lamin:e plereque 1:5-2:5 em. long., solemniter 035-077 em. lat.,
firme membranaces, supra pallide virides, minute pubescentes, subtus albide
lepidoto-tomentosze, costee secundarize obscure. Racemi nec ultra 2:5 em. long.,
plerique vero breviores, graciles, lepidoto-tomentosi. Bractew 0:04 cm. long.
Pedicelli lorum masc. vix 0:2 cm., florum fem. fere 0:2 cm. long., sub fructu usque
ad 0:3 em. long. Sepala mascula petalis sequilonga, ovata, obtusa. Petala 0'2 cm.
long. Filamenta petalis paullo breviora; antheree latitudine et longitudine æquali.
Sepala feminea 0-15 cm. long., erecta; glandule petalinee obsoletee vel ad setam
parvam reductz. Ovarium 0:12 cm. diam. Styli 0:07 em. long. cruribus 01 cm.
long., pallidis. Capsula ovoidea, arctissime lepidoto-tomentosa, vix 0°5 cm. long.
302
460 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Semina parva, oblonga, complanata, utrinque brevissime costulata, sub lente minute
scrobiculata, pallida, 0:3 em. long.
Crotoni angustifronti, Muell. Arg., speciei mihi descriptione solummodo cognite,
evidenter arcte affinis, ab eo abhorrens, prster alia, indumento albido nec ferrugineo,
foliis longius petiolatis, minoribus, nunquam linearibus, bracteis masculis 1-2-floris,
floribus 11-andris, sepalis haud acuminatis. [Bras. Or. |
CROTON ($ ASTREA) COMANTHUS (sp. nov.); caulibus erectis, gracilibus, mox puberulis ;
petiolis elongatis, tenuibus, folia excedentibus vel subsequantibus, vel quam ea
paullo brevioribus; lamina tripartità, segmentis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceo-
latis acuminatis, lateralibus divergentibus, omnibus serrulatis, supra pilosis, subtus
pubescentibus, tenuiter membranaceis; stipulis conspicuis, setaceis ; racemis
elongatis, gracilibus, folia excedentibus, pluri- et distantifloris ; bracteis subulato-
setaceis, quam pedicelli masculi tenuissimi circa 2-plo brevioribus; floribus omnibus
pedicellatis ; florum masc. glabrorum petalis spathulato-oblongis obtusis, dimidio
inferiore margine barbato-ciliatis, ceterum glabris; staminibus circa 16, filamentis
brevibus; antheris transverse ellipticis, sc. latioribus quam longis; sepalis femineis
oblongis obtusis, ovarium paullo excedentibus; ovario cylindrico; stylis paullo ultra
medium 6-fidis. :
Hab. Reperi inter Santa Cruz et Villa et Maria mens. Dec. florentem et fructificantem.
(N. 1022.)
Caulis 0:2-0:3 cm. diam., sursum ramosus. Ramuli erecto-ascendentes, in sieco brunei,
prima setate tomentosi, cito puberuli, teretes, longitrorsum striati, lenticellis
minutis instructi. Petioli usque ad 8:0 cm., modici circa 4'0 cm. long., mox
piloso-puberuli. ^ Lamins 40-90 cm. long., basi late subcordatee vel truncate,
30-50 cm. lat., supra in sicco rubescentes, subtus subincansz, usque ad $ vel altius
trilobee, segmentum medium quam lateralia longius et latius, usque 7:5 cm. long.,
modica circa 5:0 cm. lat.; costee secundariw utrinque circiter 6, seepe subopposite
insertee, leviter arcuatze. Glandulze subobsoletz. Stipulee usque ad 0:6 em. long.,
tenuissimee, basi ampliores, erectee, piloso-puberule. Racemi fere ad 30°0 cm. long.
(modici circa 22:0 cm.), deorsum nudi, mox puberuli, angulati, nec ultra 0-1 cm.
diam. Flores masculi pedicellis 0:2 em. long. fulti. Flores feminei intervallis
plerumque 1:0-1:5 em. orti, rarius congesti; pedicelli validi, minute albido-tomentosi,
circa 0:25 em. long., bracteas pilosulas duplo excedentes. Sepala mascula ovata,
obtusa, petalis «equilonga. ^ Petala et filamenta 0°17 cm. long. Sepala feminea
0:23 cm. long., intus pilosula, margine hirtulo-ciliata. Glandule petalinsee ambitu
rectangulares, in sicco nigricantes. Ovarium 0'15 cm. diam., hirtulo-tomentosum.
Styli ascendenti-divergentes, pilosi, 02 cm. long., uterque cruribus 6 tenuibus,
involutis, bruneo-purpureis, 0:35 cm. long. instructi. Capsula 0:6 em. long., glabra,
membranaceo-crustacea, pallida. Semina oblonga, tetragona, postice truncata, vix
0'5 em. long. 0:3 em. lat, utrinque leviter corrugata, pallida, purpureo-bruneo-
maculata. !
Species juxta C. Gardneri, Muell. Arg., intercalanda, abs quà foliis parvis longi-
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 461
petiolatis, floribus masc. 16-andris, floribus fem. evolutis minoribus, sepalis fem.
brevioribus, stylis nec profunde 6-fidis, ex meá sententiá rite secernenda. [Bras. Or.]
CROTON CHAMJEDRIFOLIUS, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 41.
Hab. Crescit in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, ubi mens. Dec. floret
et fructificat. (N. 826.) [Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela, Nov. Granat., Ins. Trinitatis.]
CROTON, sp. lacertze sedis. Fruticulus circa 30:0 em. alt, caule sat crasso, erecto,
superne parce ramoso; ramulis albido-lepidoto-tomentosis; petiolis quam folia mul-
toties brevioribus 0:5-0:S em. long., patulis vel decurvis, lepidoto-tomentosis ; laminis
ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, vix usque ad 0:6 em. long. (modicis 4°5 cm.), firme mem-
branaceis, superne mox fere glabris, virescentibus, subtus minute lepidoto-tomentosis,
basi glandulis duabus patelliformibus, atratis, 0:04 cm. diam. instructis ; racemis quam
folia brevioribus, paucifloris; floribus masculis, solummodo cognitis, subsessilibus ;
bracteis exiguis, setaceis, 1-2-floris; sepalis ovatis obtusis; petalis oblanceolatis, inferne
barbatis, ceterum fere glabris; staminibus 11, filamentis glabris; antheris ellipticis,
receptaculo piloso.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz florescit mens. Nov. (N. 688a.) Curraleira vicanorum.
True Curraleira is Croton antisyphiliticus, Mart. Like that plant, the present is held
in repute as a remedy for venereal disease.
HETEROCROTON, Euphorbiacearum, e tribu Crotonearum, genus novum.
Calyx mase. 5-6-partitus, laciniis ovatis, estivatione apice tantum imbricatis; lacinia
impar postice, scilicet axin inflorescenti spectans. Petala 5-6, evoluta, sestivatione
imbricata. Glandule disci, cum petalisalternantes, parve. Receptaculum glabrum.
Stamina centralia 10-11, filamenta florum nondum apertorum inflexa. Anthere
subbasifixe, biloculares, connectivus dorso incrassatus. Calycis fem. laciniw 6-8,
uná serie inserte, equales vel subeequales, nec 5 majores cum 5 minores alternantes,
marginibus plus minus pectinatz, rigide, incrassatz, basi squamá parva aucte.
Petalorum rudimenta cum calycis laciniis alternantia, oblonga vel linearia, setifera.
Ovarii loculi 2?, uterque loculus l-ovulatus. Styli 3, dichotome divisi. Fructus et
semina desiderantur.
Fruticulus parvus, hirsutus. Folia subquinquenervia, alterna, petiolata, plane stipulata ;
fol. superiorum lamina basi biglandulosa vel abortu uniglandulosa, inferiorum
eglandulosa. Racemi terminales basi flores femineos paucos (circa 2) sursum,
intervallo interjecto, flores masculos subsessiles dense confertos proferentes. Bractew
conspicus, persistentes. Calyx fem. et styli pilis hispidis flavidis onusti.
Genus juxta Crotonem inserendum, inter Crotonem et Julocrotonem quasi medium
tenens, ab ambobus vero, preesertim calyce miro, optime abhorret.
HETEROCROTON MENTIENS (sp. nov.).
Planta circa 40:0 em. alt. Caulis e rhizomate valido, brevi, usque ad 1'0 em. diam.,
parce radicigero ascendens, una cum basi ramulorum nodis leviter tumidis
462 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
subpurpurascenti-cinereus, longitrorsum striatulus, lenticellis eminentibus copiose
munitus. Ramuli sursum foliati ibique strigose fulvo-hirsuti, 0:1-0:25 cm.
diam. Foliorum lamina ovato-oblonga, obtusa vel obtusiuscula, basin versus
sensim angustata, nonnunquam leviter truncata, plus minus impariter lobulata
vel serrato-crenata, utrinque hirsuta, firme membranacea ; coste secundarie
paucæ, inconspicus, oblique inserte, primo fere rectee juxta marginem subito
et magnopere arcuate ; glandule patelliformes, breviter stipitatee, 0:1 em. diam.,
saltem in sicco brunes; petioli valde insequales et reverá 0°3-1'7 cm. long., fol.
inf. graciles, fol. sup. validi, fol. omnium ascendentes, fulvo-hirsuti. Stipule
setaceze, circa 0'5 cm. long. hirsute. ^ Racemi post anthesin ultra 4:0 cm.
long., maturius (fll. fem. apertis, mase. nondum expansis) circa 25 cm. long.
Racemi hirsuti. Flores feminei circa 2 (an unquam flos solitarius ?), intervallo
1:0 cm. long. inter eos et flores masculos interposito. Bracteze lanceolate, acute,
hirsute, arcuate, usque ad 0:3 cm. long. Florum masc. brevissime pedicellatorum
sepala hirsuta, 0:18 cm. long., una cum petalis crebre glanduloso-punctata. Petala
anguste obovato-oblonga, obtusissima, juxta basin longe barbata, alibi margine
barbatula, saltem floris vix aperientis sepalis zequilonga. Filamenta glabra, floris
nondum aperti petalis breviora; antherz elliptieze, 0:06 cm. long., 0:04 cm. lat.
Pollinis grana patelliformia, ambitu spherica vel subspheerica, tuberculata, lined
triradiatà aucta. Calycis fem. lacinise oblongze, acutee, intus atro-brunes et
sursum hirtellee, deorsum glabree, 0:25-0:3 em. long., lacinulee suze dimidium partis
rhachialis raro excedentes ; squam:e subquadratee, albee, circa 0:03 em. long. et lat.
Petalorum rudimenta rigida, integra vel leviter lobulata, dorso setis elongatis munita,
usque ad 0:12 cm. long. Ovarium 0'1 cm. diam., pilosum. Styli a basi distincti,
divergenti-ascendentes, longe infra medium dichotomi, 0:2 em. long.; crura involuta,
- fere ad medium dichotoma vel indivisa.
Hab. Schedula amissá, planta incertz habitationis, sed verisimiliter ad Santa Cruz
crescit.
My specimen of this interesting plaut is unfortunately unique, so that material for
ascertaining facts of structure is not available. The most noteworthy point is doubtless
the calyx of the female flower. The small section Decalobiwm of Croton contains two
species, C. sincorensis, Muell. Arg., from Bahia, and C. decalobiwm, Muell. Arg., a
Central American plant; these have an unequally 10-partite calyx with entire lacinie;
the quinary symmetry is therefore not departed from. Julocroton has pectinate calyx-
laciniz, like those of our plant, but the upper (posticous) lacini: are greatly reduced in
size (rudimentary in fact), and the lower one is larger than its lateral fellows. Hetero-
croton unites the actinomorphic calyx of Croton with the pectinate lacinie of Julocroton,
and differs from both in the absence of quinary symmetry.
The specimen has only one ovary, which, after being opened, has been carefully
secured in a capsule, so as to be available for future examination. I feel very undecided
about the placentation, as all I could with certainty make out was a couple of ovules
lying immersed in a magma. Whether we have here something resembling the
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 463
placentation of Crotonopsis— and I should not be surprised if this were the case—
can be determined only when more material comes to hand.
Through water getting into the ‘Explorer’ I lost about ten per cent. of my
Santa Cruz plants, and I suspect that specimens of Heterocroton must have been
among them.
I have omitted a diagram of the female flower, as the nature of the ovary is so
uncertain. The specific name is an expression of the homoplasy between the plant and
Croton antisyphiliticus, Mart., and, to judge from the figure, C. Tamberlikii, Muell. Arg.
JULOCROTON ELJEAGNOIDES (sp. nov.); ramulis subteretibus, arcte lepidotis; petiolis
limbo brevioribus, raro «equilongis vel longioribus; laminis ovatis obtusis, basi
truncato-rotundatis, nonnunquam levissime cordatis, margine undulatis, 5-nervibus,
lepidotis, subtus incanis; stipulis elongatis, parvis, laceratis vel integris; bracteis
setaceis, pedicellos excedentibus; petalis masce. lacinias calycis :equantibus, lineari-
spathulatis, dorso-pubescentibus, preesertim basi et apice barbato-villosis, glandulis
hypogynis 3 anticis oblongis, truncatis, 2 posticis quam antics paullo minoribus ;
staminibus 11, filamentis dimidio inferiore longe barbatis, ceteroquin pubescentibus ;
antheris ellipticis, dimidio longioribus quam latis; calycis fem. laciniis 3 anticis late
lineari-oblongis obtusis, 2 posticis setaceis, brevibus; ovario trigono-subgloboso ;
stylis erectis, basi coalitis, brevibus, hirto-tomentosis, bis dichotomis, cruribus
mediocribus involutis.
Hab. Juxta Corumbá florebat et fructificabat mens. Jan. (N. 911.)
Fruticulus diffusus, metralis. Ramuli erecto-ascendentes, striatuli, cinerei, lepidibus
| minutis stellato-piligeris arcte obtecti, aliquanto torti, 02-04 em. diam. Foliorum
lamina usque ad 11:5 cm., modica 5:0-6:0 cm. long., 2:0-8:0 em. lat. (modica 2:5-3:0
em.), pergamena, lepidibus parvis piligeris facie laminze inferiore argenteis, seepe in
nervis primariis pag. sup. luteolis, dense obtecta ; costee secundariz paucee, opposit:ze
vel alternatim insertz, leviter arcuatee, supra obscure, subtus eminentes; petioli
plerique 0:5-2:0 cm. long., raro 70-75 em. attingentes, ascendentes, rigidi, albide
stellato-lepidoti ; stipulze circa 0°5 cm. long., setacez, acuminate, nunc indivise,
nunc semel vel bis lacerato-dentatee. Spies post anthesin usque ad 25 cm. long.,
tempore florendi nec ultra 1:0 cm. long. Bracteæ circa 0°5 cm. long. Calycis masc.
lacinise antieze. argenteo-lepidot:e, oblongx, obtuse, 0:17 em. long. ; posticæ ovate,
membranacese. Petala sepalis «equilonga et filamenta (saltem floris vix aperientis)
excedentia. Antherze 0-1 cm. long. Calycis fem. lacinise margine breviter denti-
eulatze, tomentosee, intus basi castaneze, 0'3 cm. long., 0:15 em. lat.; lacinise postice
altius connatee, intus fere glabrz. Disci lobi antici ovati, acuminati, 0:07 cm.
! long., postici obsoleti. Stylorum rigidorum pars indivisa vix 01 cm. long., cruribus
inclusis circa 0'2 em. long. Capsula tomentosa, trigono-subglobosa, 0'4 cm. long.
et lat. Semina 0°3 em. long. et lat., subplumbea, nitida.
Non dubito quin ad J. Gardneri, Muell. Arg., aecedat, indumento vero gaudet diverso,
petiolis brevioribus, stipulis seepe haud integris, fl. masc. glandulis hypogynis et calycis fem.
464 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
laciniis disparibus, etc. A J. stipulari, Muell. Arg., cujus stipule haud indivisz, dis-
cernitur, inter alia, calycis fem. laciniis omnino disparibus. [Bras. Or.]
JULOCROTON LEPIDUs, (sp. nov.); ramulis gracilibus, ascendentibus, angulatis, arcte
lepidoto-tomentellis, dein glabris; laminis ovato-oblongis vel ovato-lanceolatis, basi
rotundatis, 5-nervibus, pergamenis, przesertim subtus arcte argenteo lepidoto-tomen-
tosis, quam petioli longioribus; stipulis elongatis, setaceis, indivisis, rarius lacinulatis ;
bracteis setaceis, pedicellos breves excedentibus; petalis mase. spathulato-oblongis
obtusis, prsesertim basi barbato-ciliatis; glandulis hypogynis minutis; staminibus
ll, 3-4 vero nonnunquam ad staminodia reductis; filamentis pilosis; antheris
ellipticis, 2-plo longioribus quam latis; calycis fem. laciniis anticis tomentosis,
ovatis vel ovato-rotundatis, obtusissimis, margine (apice excluso) breviter lacinulatis,
lacinulis dimidium partis rhachialis nequaquam sequantibus, laciniis posticis minutis ;
ovario trigono-globoso, tomentoso; stylis tomentosis. erectis, basi coalitis, bis dicho-
tomis, cruribus brevibus involutis.
Hab. Reperi ad Puerto Pacheco, ubi floret et fructificat mens. Feb. (N. 1057.)
Kamuli ad 0:2 cm. diam., longitrorsum striatuli, primo cinerei, dein dilute brunei.
Foliorum lamina usque ad 5:0 cm. long., vix 3'0 cm. lat., obtusa vel acuta, supra
pallide virescens; costze secundarise paucee, leviter arcuatee, supra impressze, subtus
eminentes; petioli 0:4-2:'0 cm. long., ascendentes vel patuli, arcte albido-tomentosi.
Stipule 0'4 cm. long. Spices abbreviate usque ad 1:5 cm. long. Bracteze usque ad
0*4 em. long., plerzeque circa 0:2 cm. Calycis masc. lacinise antice extus argenteo-
lepidote, triangulari-oblongse, obtuse, 0:12 cm. long.; laciniz posticsee ovato-
oblongze, membranaceze. Petala 0:12 em. et antheræ 0:075 cm. long. Calycis
fem. laciniz antice tomentose, floris aperientis 0'3 cm. long., 0:25 cm. lat.,
dorso concave, lacinulis dimidio partis rhachialis 4-plo brevioribus, nihilominus
planis; lacinise postieze altius connatee, deltoideze, leviter lacinulate. Disci lobi
antici ovati, obtusi, circa 0'1 cm. long.; postici obsoleti. Stylorum pars indivisa
0:1 em. long., cruribus (ultimis brevibus) inclusis 0:2 cm. long. Capsula globosa,
minute pubescens, 0'4 cm. long. -Semina 03 cm. long., 0:22 cm. lat., brunea,
levia, haud nitida.
Precedenti affinis, distinctus vero prsesertim characteribus floralibus, ex gratiá floribus
masculis minoribus, petalis suis disparibus et antheris brevioribus, calycis fem. laciniis
anticis diversiformibus et semper plane lacinulatis, laciniis posticis deltoideis nec
setaceis, glandulis hypogynis majoribus, styli tomentosi cruribus ultimis abbreviatis,
neenon seminibus insigniter minoribus et bruneis, haud plumbeis. [Bras. Or.]
JULOCROTON MONTEVIDENSIS, Klotzsch, ex Baill. Et. Euphorb. p. 376, var. calycis fem.
.. laciniis dentatis.
Hab. Crescit in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec. florens.
(N. 839.) [Bras. Or., Paraguaria, Uruguaria.]
Fruticulus metralis, erectus, sursum tantummodo foliatus.
. After spending much time upon this plant I have decided to name it as above.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 465
JULOCROTON ABUTILOIDES (sp. nov.); caulibus, ramulis, foliis, et floribus dense et breviter
lanato-tomentosis; ramulis teretibus, ascendentibus vel patulis; petiolis quam folia
brevioribus, raro ea subzequantibus, foliorum summorum fere obsoletis; laminis
late ovatis, rarius ovato-lanceolatis, acutis vel obtusis, basi leviter cordatis, margine
denticulatis, trinervibus ; stipulis elongatis, setaceis; spicis quam folia brevioribus;
inflorescentià ambitu ovatá, densiflorà; bracteis stipulis similibus; petalis masc.
anguste linearibus, obtusis, barbato-ciliatis; staminibus 11, filamentis basi barbatis,
ceteroquin pilosulis; antheris oblongis, 3-plo longioribus quam latis; calycis fem.
laciniis anticis late ovatis acutis, margine subbreviter lacinuligeris, laciniis posticis
perbrevibus utrinque tomentosis; disci lobis anticis spathulatis, superne dense
tomentosis, alibi pilosis; ovario trigono-subgloboso, tomentoso, stylis erectis, basi
coalitis, tomentosis, bis dichotomis, cruribus ultimis subbrevibus apice breviter
involutis.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, ubi mens. Jan. flores et fructus profert. (N. 968.)
Fruticulus $-metralis, erectus, copiose ramosus. Caulis circa 0:3-0:5 em. diam., obsolete
angulatus. Folia plerumque 5:0-9'0 cm. long., 2:5-6:5 em. lat. supra pallide
viridia, subtus incana, ssepe basi parum obliqua; costs secundarix paucie, levissime
arcuatee, seepissime oblique inserte; raro angulo fere recto; petioli vix usque ad
5°5 cm. long. modici circa 2:5 cm., foliorum summorum non ultra 0'5 em. long.,
validi, dense albo-tomentosi; stipulee vix usque ad 1-0 cm. long., scariosee. Spice
2:0-3:5 cm. long., subcompressie. Calycis masc. lacinize ovatee, acute, 0:24 em.
long., postieze anticis paullo latiores et membranacew. Petala masc. 2'2 em. long.
Filamenta petalis «equilonga; antherz 0'1 em. long., 0:03 cm. lat. Calycis lacinive
fem. anticee 0'4 cm. long. et lat., laterales margine libero, basi longiuscule lacinulatie,
alibi solummodo breviter denticulato-incise ; lacinize posticæ alte connate, setacex.
Disci lobi antici 0:2 em. long., 0°075 cm. lat. Ovarium pene 0'5 cm. long. et lat.
Stylorum, in toto 0°45 em. long., pars coalita 0°15 cm. et crura ultima 0-1 em. long.,
hæc breviter pilosa, atrata. Capsula trigono-subglobosa, 0°55 em. long. et lat.,
tomentosa. Semina 0:35 em. long., 0'3 em. lat., fusco-purpurea, nitida.
Species ab affinibus ita distinguenda :—
A J. solanaceo, Klotzsch, prseter alia, foliis imparibus nec integris nec obsolete denti-
culatis, stipulis longioribus, spieis abbreviatis, filamentis inferne albo- nec aureo-lanatis,
antheris brevioribus connectivis haud pubescentibus.
A J. verbascifolio, Klotzsch; indumento ramorum molli nec strigoso-rigido, foliis longius
petiolatis, spicis haud fulvo-ferrugineo-tomentosis, bracteis setaceis, floribus masculis
majoribus, antheris brevioribus, calycis fem. minoris laciniis anticis disparibus, itaque
seminibus diversis.
A J. humili, Didr., staturá elatiore, indumento dispari, foliis majoribus diversiformibus,
calycis fem. laciniis neque profunde lineari-pinnatipartitis nec pinnatisectis, filamentis
barbatis, antheris brevioribus, seminum funiculo parvo. [Bras. Or. |
JULOCROTON HUMILIS, Didr. in Kjoeb. Vidensk. Meddel. (1857) p. 132.
Hab. Ad Jangada mens. Sept. floret. (N. 284.) [Bras. Or.]
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. Sy
466 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
ARGITHAMNIA (§ ATHORA) PURPURASCENS (sp. nov.); foliis brevipetiolatis, trinervibus,
fere usque ad basin minute serrulatis; floribus monoicis; calycis masc. laciniis
lanceolatis, acuminatis; petalis masc. quam calycis laciniee paullo brevioribus,
breviter unguiculatis, ovato-lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, dorso obsolete puberulis ;
calycis fem. laciniis lanceolatis, acuminatis; petalis femineis minutissimis, subulato-
setaceis; glandulis ovato-rotundatis, quam calycis laminæ multoties brevioribus ;
ovario albide hirto-villosulo, capsulis appresse villosulis; seminibus pyriformi-globosis,
reticulato-insculptis.
Hab. Viget ad Corumbá, mens. Jan. florens et fructificans. (N. 959.)
Fruticulus circa semimetralis. Caulis subteres, purpureo-cinereus, albo-punctatus, longi-
trorsum striatulus, 0:3-0:4 cm. diam. Ramuli graciles, patuli, subangulati, purpurei,
cito appresse pilosi. Folia lanceolata, utrinque acutata, membranacea, utrávis facie
appresse pilosa, usque ad 7:5 cm. long. (modica 5*0 cm.), 1:5-2-0 em. lat., pleraque
viridi-purpurea; petioli circa 0'3 em. long., hirtelli; coste secundarise perpauce,
erecto-ascendentes, fere rectee. Stipulse setaceze, 0:25-0:3 cm. long. Inflorescentize
axis appresse hirtellus, 0:5-0:8 cm. long. Bractez lanceolate, hirtelle, usque ad
0:2 cm. long. Pedicelli calyce breviores, sub fructu 0'2 cm. long., appresse hirtelli.
Flores virides. Calycis masc. hirtelli lacinise vix 0:4 cm. long. Petala basi cum
columná connata 0:15 cm. long. Glandule hypogynz parvs, ovate, obtusse, basi
petalis atque column:e stamine: breviter adnatze, 0:03 cm. long. Stamina complete
biverticillata, sc. verticillus superior 5-antheriferus. Calycis fem. hirtelli lacinize
0:6 em. long.; ejus petala integerrima vix 0'1 em. long.; glandulee membraniformes,
0'5 em. long., margine undulate. Ovarium trigono-globosum, 0:15 em. long. et lat.
Stylus in toto 0°45 em. long., appresse pilosus, purpurascens, plerumque bis dicho-
tomus; crura ultima brevia, integra vel breviter bifida. Capsula subglobosa, 0:35
em. diam. Semina vix 0'3 cm. long. et 0:2 cm. lat., dilute brunea, rhaphide atratá
notata.
Ab 4. montevidensi, Muell. Arg., optime abhorret, ex gratiá, foliis majoribus fere ad
basin serrulatis, glandulis fll. masc. basi solummodo columnze staminali adnatis, petalis
fll. fem. setiformibus, et glandulis brevibus nee calycem fere sequantibus et filamenta
simulantibus, itaque stylis longioribus. [Bras. Or., Paraguaria, Uruguaria.]
MANIHOT TRIPARTITA, Muell. Arg., in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 1068. Var. VESTITA (var. nov.);
caule dilute lutescente, lanato-tomentello, foliolis ad 9:5 cm. long., florum partibus
dense vestitis, bracteolis bracteas excedentes.
Hab. Yncolit locos apertos in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens
et fructificans. (N . 186.) Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
ACALYPHA SUBVILLOSA, Muell. Arg., in Mart. Fl. Bras. xi. 2, p. 341.
Hab. Reperi ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 272.)
Frutex scandens trimetralis et ultra. Ramuli tantum sursum foliigeri. [Bras. Or.,
Goyaz, Venezuela.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 4.67
ACALYPHA BREVIPES, Muell. Arg., in Linnza, xxxiv. p. 24.
Hab. Crescit ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 275.)
Fruticulus ¿-metralis, Caulis erectus, gracilis, apice tantummodo foliatus. [ Bras, Or.]
ACALYPHA ($ EUACALYPHA) AMPHIGYNE (sp. nov.); petiolis limbo brevioribus, ascen-
dentibus vel patulis, limbo subquinquenervi, membranaceo, supra mox, costis
pubescentibus exemptis, puberulis, subtus pubescentibus; stipulis setaceis, acumi-
natis; spicis androgynis axillaribus, basi vel jüxta basin braeteam unicam femineam
sursum flores masculos dense confertos et apice solemniter florem fem. pedicellatum
fructiferum vel abortu sterilem proferentibus ; bracteis fem. 1-floris, rotundatis,
11-laciuiatis, laciniis anguste lineari-lanceolatis vel linearibus obtusis, proximalibus
1-2 utrinque nonnunquam abbreviatis; floribus masc. hirtellis ; calycis fem. laciniis
3 oblongo-ovatis; ovario hirtello; stylis latere ventrali a lacinulis circa 10 iis ipsis
longioribus coronatis.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá, ubi mens. Dec. floret. (N. 1024.)
Suffrutex $-metralis, erectus, ramosus. Ramuli graciles, subteretes, striatuli, breviter
pubescenti-tomentosi, dein glabri. Foliorum laminz modice 4°0-10:0 cm. long.,
raro usque ad 2:0 em. imminutee, 2:5-5:5 em. lat., ovato-lanceolatze vel ovatee, breviter
acuminate, basi rotundate, solemniter levissime cordate, margine serrate vel
(interdum subgrosse) crenat:e; costs? secundarise 7-9, levissime arcuate, utrinque
eminentes et pubescenti-tomentelle ; petioli 0°5-2°5 em. long., subpatuli, minute
tomentoso-pubescentes. Stipulee plerseeque 0:3-0:4 em. long., angustissimee, dorso
hirtellee. Spice usque ad 6:0 cm. long., graciles, pars mascula non ultra 0:2-0:3 cm.
diam., pubescenti-tomentellee. Flores masc. aperientes 0°04 cm. diam. Bracteve
fem. hirtellee, 0'4 cm. lat., 0:23 cm. long.; lacinulee usque ad 0:13 cm. long., apice
paullo incrassatee. Capsula ignota.
Species singularis, et cum nullá mibi notá componenda nisi cum 4. apicali, N. E. Br.,
abs qua differt foliis latioribus breviter petiolatis, stipulis longioribus, bracteis femineis
majoribus et 11-lacinulatis (nec 7-lacinulatis), floribus femineis solitariis nec in parte
inferiore spice pluribus, itaque stylis disparibus. [Paraguaria. ]
ACALYPHA COMMUNIS, Muell Arg. in Linneea, xxxiv. p. 23. Var. intermedia, Muell.
Arg.
Hab. Mens. Dec. floret ad Santa Cruz. (N. 745.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Uruguaria,
Paraguaria. ]
ALCHORNEA CASTANJEFOLIA, Ad. Juss. Tent. Euph. p. 42.
Hab. Vulgatissima in margine fil. Paraguay, San Lorenzo, Cuyabá, etc. Nec flores
nec fructus vidi. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Venezuela, |
DALECHAMPIA ($ EUDALECHAMPIA) SYLVESTRIS (sp. nov.); petiolis foliola subzequan-
tibus; stipulis subfalciformi-lanceolato-subulatis acuminatis; involueri foliolis
majusculis, late quadrato-ovatis, trifidis, membranaceis; calycis fem. laciniis 6, sub
3 P2
468 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
flore lanceolatis acutis, sub fructu leviter ampliatis, ima basi utrinque 1-lacinulatis,
lacinulis nunc 0:05 cm. long., barbellatis vel pzene effetis; ovario minute tomentoso,
columná stylari ovarium multoties superante crassiusculá, inferne breviter tomen-
tellá, dimidio superiore leviter incrassatá et glabrá, apice levissime ampliatá ;
seminibus globosis, levibus.
Hab. Viget in sylvá primevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, mens. Sept. flores et
fructus simul proferens. (N. 376.) |
Ramuli gracillimi, scandentes, breviter pubescentes vel piloso-pubescentes, leucoph:ei,
non ultra 0°15 cm. diam., teretes. Stipulee 0°5-0°8 cm. long., basi 0:1-0:18 cm. lat.,
rigidze, patentes, pubescentes. Petioli usque ad 5'0 cm. long., modici 2:0-3:0 cm.,
patuli, graciles, pubescentes; foliola lanceolata, cuspidulato-acuminata, lateralia basi
intus acuta, extus valde obliqua et leviter semicordata, raro usque ad 5:0 cm. long.
(modica 3:0-8:5 em.), circa 1:0-1:5 em. lat., margine undulata, firme membranacea,
supra sparsim strigoso-puberula, subtus pallidiora et brevissime pubescentia. Pedun-
culi petiolos seepissime subzequantes, graciles, piloso-pubescentes, sub flore 1:0-2:5
cm. long., sub fructu usque ad 8'0 cm. Involucri foliola alba, 3'5-4'0 cm. long.,
nervosa, margine undulata vel serrulata, puberula, 5-6-nervia, lobi triangulari-
lanceolatis, acuminatis, serrulatis, stipellis lineari-lanceolatis, puberulis, et 0:8-
1:5 cm. long. Calycis fem. tomentelli lacinise sub flore 0:22-0:25 em. long., sub
fructu duplo longiores et rigidiuscule. Columna stylaris tempore florendi 0:8 em.
long. Capsula depressa, tridyma, brevissime tomentella, circa 0'8 cm. diam.
Semina 0:4 em. diam., brunea, atro-maculata.
Cum Dalechampiá subintegrá, Muell. Arg., multis signis arcte congruens, indumento
vero, folis minoribus longipetiolatis, involucri foliolis longioribus acuminatis, calycis
laciniis tomentellis, columná stylari insuper breviore et dimidio inferiore tomentellá, ex
mea sententiá, species propria rite existimanda. [Bras. Or.]
DALECHAMPIA ($ EUDALECHAMPIA) CYNANCHOIDES (sp. nov.); foliis breviter petiolatis,
simplicibus, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, basi cordatis, firme membranaceis ;
stipulis brevibus lineari-subulatis; involucri foliolis parvis, indivisis, cordato-ovatis
acuminatis; bracteis fem. late rotundatis, integris, obtusissimis; calycis fem. laciniis
circa 10 lanceolatis, insequalibus, margine lacinulatis, lacinulis latitudinem laciniarum
circa zequantibus vel eâ brevioribus; ovario tomentello; columná stylari glabra,
superne ampliatá; calyce paullo longiore, apice subito incrassato et excavato, ore
brevissime 6-lobulato; seminibus subdepresse globosis, levibus.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz flores et fructus gerit mens. Oct. (Nn. 483, 653.)
Ramuli volubiles, teretes, pubescentes, graciles, vix unquam ultra 0°15 cm. diam.
Stipule plerzeque 0:2 em. long., firme, decurvee. Petioli 04-10 cm. long., pubes-
centi-tomentelli ; foliorum lamina 3:5-7:0 cm. long., 1:0-4-0 em. lat., apice plerum-
que acuta, margine undulata vel undulato-serrulata, basi 5-nervis, presertim
subtus puberula, pallide nitida, venulis utrinque eminentibus laxe reticulatis.
Pedunculi 0:8-2:0 cm. long., graciles, pubescentes. Involucri foliola viridia, usque
ad 1:0 em. long. et 0'8 em. lat., basi lata, 4-5-nervia, margine leviter crenulata vel
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92.. 469
crenulato-serrulata, puberula. Stamina circa 20; columma staminea 0:075 cm.
alt. Calycis fem. hirtello-ciliati lacini; circa 0:25 em. long., sub fructu 0:3 cm., et
ad capsulam arcte applicate. Columna stylaris tempore florendi circa 0:32 cm.
long. Capsula depressa, tridyma, minute pubescens, 0'4 cm. diam. Semina
albescentia, 0°3 cm. diam., lineis paucis longitudinalibus notata.
Speciem juxta Dalechampiam convolvuloidem, Muell. Arg., et D. Leandri, Baill., sine
dubio intercalandam primo obtutu cognoscere potes ob folia brevipetiolata multo longiora
quam lata et involucri foliola parva. [ Bras. Or.]
DALECHAMPIA SCANDENS, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1054.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 600.) [Amer. et Afr. Trop., Ind. Or.]
DALECHAMPIA CUIABENSIS, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. p. 222.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi menss. Oct.-Nov. floret. (Nn. 408, 571.) Involucri
foliola dilute purpurascentia. [Goyaz, Bolivia. |
Masea INDORUM (sp. nov.) ; inflorescentiis micranthis floribundis; bracteis, in ipso axe
inflorescentiz sitis, ovatis acutis, glandulis duabus comparative magnis alveolato-
rugosis instructis; pedicellis masc. tenuibus; calycis laciniis fem. 6 parvis,
insequalibus, deltoideis, obtusis, eglandulosis; staminibus 4-9; ovario tomentello,
inermi; columná stylari stylorum, partem liberum :equante, sursum leviter trisul-
catá ; capsulis immaturis subglobosis, inermibus, rufo-tomentellis.
Hab. Yn ripà fl. dos Bugres reperi mens Oct. florentem. (N. 436.)
Arbor altitudine preetermissá. Ramuli ascendentes, patuli, graciles, teretes, laxe rufulo-
tomentosi, mox pilosi, dein glabri, et cortice purpurascenti-cinereo in longitudinem
rimis brevibus angustissime ellipticis notato obtecti. Foliorum lamina lanceolato-
oblonga, breviter cuspidato-acuminata, superiorum minor 5:0-7:0 long., inferiorum
10:0-13:0 cm., pleraque 2°5-4°5 cm. lat., basi acutata, margine serrulata vel undulato-
serrulata, coriacea, supra nitida, in sicco nequaquam atrata,- eximie reticulato-
nervosa, subtus albescens et primo tomento fulvo sparso, mox deciduo instructa,
dein glabra; costee secundarize 10-15, minoribus szepe interjectis, angulis latis insertze,
rectee vel levissime undulatee, dein dichotome fractz et arcuatim junctie ; petioli
circa 1:0 cm. long., torti, canaliculati, mox glabri. Racemi graciles, basi eflorigeri
ibique bracteas minutas perpaucas proferentes, 4:0—6:0 cm. long. (cujus pars florigera
3:0—5:0 em.), fulvo-tomentelli ; rhachis 0:07 cm. diam., pars mascula 0*4 cm. diam.
Flores masculi ex axillis bractearum ternatim orti, summi vero sspe solitarii.
Bracteze vix 071 em. long.; glandulee usque ad 0:07 cm. diam., subglobulares.
Pedicelli masculi 0'4 cm. long., tenuissimi, basi levissime incrassati, tomentelli.
Flores masc. evoluti 0:12 em. diam. Stamina minute tomentella; antherz 0:06 cm.
lat. Flores fem. solitarii ; pedicellus circa 07 em. long., tomentellus; calycis tubus
0:15 em. long. 0:22 cm. lat., tomentellus; laciniæ breves, circa 0:03 cm. long.
Styli pars indivisa 0°5 em. long., tomentella. Capsula immatura vix 1-0 em. diam.,
rufo-tomentosa, viva quasi pruinosa. Semina nondum matura ambitu elliptica,
0-7 em. long., 0°45 em. lat.
470 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
A proximá Mabe paniculatá, Benth., abhorret imprimis foliis majoribus, diversi-
formibus, in sicco nequaquam striatis, floribus masc. plerumque oligandris, antheris
majoribus, glandulis bractearum majoribus. M. Pohliana, Muell. Arg., calycis laciniis 3
et staminibus 3 vel 2 et glandulis levibus gaudet. [ Amazonia. |
MABEA FISTULIFERA, Mart. Reise, i. p. 479.
-Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. fructificat.
(N. 308.)
Arbor circa 10-metralis. [Bras. Or., Amazonia. |
MABEA CRENULATA (sp. nov.); inflorescentiis micranthis, floribundis; bracteis, ipso in
axi inflorescenti: sitis, ovato-lanceolatis acutis, glandulis duabus parvis leviter alveo-
latis instructis; pedicellis masc. abbreviatis, calycis fem. laciniis 6, ovatis obtusis,
eglandulosis ; staminibus circa 12; ovario fulvo-tomentoso inermi, capsulà ignotá.
Hab. Inveni ad Santa Cruz mens, Oct. florentem. (N. 423.) |
Arbor circa 5-metralis. Ramuli ascendentes, teretes, longitrorsum rimosi, cinerei, primo
fulvo-tomentosi, mox glabri. Folia ut in precedente, nisi paullo minora et
angustiora, apice obtusa vel acuta nee cuspidata, basi parum rotundata et margine
crenulata, in sicco paginá inferiore subrubescentia, paginá superiore albescentia.
Inflorescentia speciminum meorum imperfecta, sed plane paniculiformis, sc. e
racemis (2-3 ?) basi florem unicum (?) femineum gerentibus composita. Bracteze
0:13 cm. long. extus tomentose; glandule vix 0:05 cm. diam., ovidese. Pedi-
celli masculi florum vix apertorum modo 0'l cm. long., tomentelli. Flores masc.
parvi; vix 1:0 em. diam. Stamina tomentella; anthers parvee, 0:04 cm. lat.
Fl. fem. pedicellus 0°6 cm. long., tomentellus; calyx 0:2 cm. long., 0°25 cm. lat.,
lacinize 0'1 cm. long. Reliqua sileo.
. Distat a M. paniculatá, Benth., foliis diversiformibus, fl. masc. pedicello abbreviato, et
calyce fem. dispari. JM. Indorum, nob., nullo negotio cognoscenda ob inflorescentiam
paniculatam, flores mase. brevipedicellatos, antheras parvas, et calycem fl. fem. diversum.
[ Amazonia. | |
MAPROUNIA GUIANENSIS, Aubl. Pl. Guian. ii. p. 895.
Hab. Inveni ad Serra da Chapada, alt. 600 met. super mare, mens. Aug. florentem.
(N.162. [Amer. Austr. Trop.]
SEBASTIANA SERRULATA, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. 2, p. 1167.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. floret. (N. 580.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
EUPHORBIACEX INDETERMINABILES.
i, Sebastiana? sp. Frutex vel fruticulus, ramulis gracilibus, ascendentibus, glabris; foliis
| brevipetiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, cuspidatis, obtusis, undulatis vel crenulatis, basi
acutatis, membranaceis, glabris, plerisque 5°5-8°0 cm. long. et 2°5-5°0 cm. lat.;
floribus femineis breviter pedicellatis ; bracteis ovatis, leviter incisis ; calycis trilobi,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 471
0:15 cm. long., lobis breviter incisis; ovario subgloboso 0'2 em. diam.; stylis
brevibus; capsulá subglobosá, brevi, circa 1:2 cm. diam. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. Paraguay, prope Tres Barras, mens. Oct. (N. 622.)
ii. Euphorbiacea dubia, forsan Alchornee sp. ?
Arbuscula 33-4-metralis, trunco erecto ramoso, ramulis subteretibus, cortice cinereo
rimoso obductis; foliis petiolatis, ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, obtusis vel obtusissimis,
crenato-serratis basi aliquanto rotundatis, tenuiter coriaceis, subtus stellato-puber-
ulis, et in axillis costarum secundariarum pilosis; capsulis, rhachidi ex ramis lignosis
forsan anni preecedentis ortis, 9:5 cm. long., 0:15 cm. diam., tomentellis insertis,
didymis vel tridymis, usque ad 1:0 em. lat, 07 long., vivis viridibus, minute
puberulis; seminibus ecarunculatis, transverse ellipticis, 0'5 em. long., 0°6 em. lat.,
pallidis, tuberculis parvis nigris secus lineas anticas-posticas dispositis instructis.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz fructificat mens. Nov. (N. 557.)
CELTIDEZ.
CELTIS GARDNERI, Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. 3”* sér. x. p. 311.
Hab. Yn ripá fl. Cuyabá haud procul ab urbe, itaque juxta Santa Cruz et viciniam.
(Nn. 13, 630.) [Bras. Or.]
SPONIA MICRANTHA, Decne. ex Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. 3™° sér. x. p. 333.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Dec. (N. 770.) [Amer. Trop., Paraguaria. |
MORACEZ.
DonsTENIA, sp. nov. ? ex affinitate D. brasiliensis, Mart. Planta pusilla, folio oblongo,
obtusissimo, margine undulato, subtus, preesertim in nervis, minute pubescente, vix
4-0 em. long. et 2:0 em. lat., subtus conspicue penninervi, petiolo crassiusculo pubes-
cente 2:5 cm. long.; pedunculis, quam petioli brevioribus, pubescentibus ; recep-
taculo suborbiculari, 07 cm. diam., pubescente, horizontali, margine integro.
Rhizoma non vidi, et folium unicum sejunctum mihi solummodo obvium.
Hab. Vigebat ad Corumbá, mens. Jan. flores preebens. (N. 963.) [Bras. Or.]
ARTOCARPE.
FICUS SUBTRIPLINERVIA, Mart. in Flora, xxiv. (1841) IT. Beibl. 67.
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. dos Bugres, ad Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. florentem. (N. 676.)
Arbor ramosa, circa 10-metralis. (Determ. G. F. Scott Elliot.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
Ficus sp. indeterminabilis, sine floribus et fructibus.
Hab. Fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (N. 505 a.)
Mr. Scott Elliot notes of this that it seems near F. Segovie, Miq., but is probably a
new species of § Pharmacosyce.
472 MR. SPENCER. LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Ficus ($ Urostiema) ELLIOTIANA (sp. nov.) ; ramulis mox fere omnino glabris, foliis longi-
uscule petiolatis, ovato-cordatis, obtusissimis, coriaceis, glabratis, basi 6-9-nerviis,
utrinque 9-12-costatis ; stipulis firmis, conico-erectis, sericeo-tomentosis ; receptaculis
axillaribus vel extra-axillaribus, solitariis vel binis, sessilibus nascentibus, involucro
firmo, calyptriformi, sericeo-tomentoso inclusis, subglobosis, minutissime tomentosis,
basi involucro trilobo instructis, apice bracteis parvis occlusis.
Hab. Colitur ad Corumbá, ubi floret mens. Jan. (n. 1040 a); etiam in Paraguaria ad
Asuncion detexit cl. Balansa (n. 1985).
Arbor foliosa, circa 10-metralis. Ramuli cortice laxo, rimoso cinereo, transversim direpto
cincti. Foliorum lamina 11:0-14+0 cm. long., 8:5-12:0 em. lat., margine passim
plus minus undulato, pag. sup. punctis minutis albis inspersee ; costee secundarize
plerzque fere rectee, juxta marginem arcuato-connexe; costa media crassa, subtus
eminens, supra impressa, venul: arcte reticulatee ; petioli 3:5-6:0 cm. long., crassius-
culi. Stipulee 0:S-1:0 em. long., apice paullo incurve vel recurve. Receptacula
07 cm. long., vix totidem diam. Flores masculi superiores, pauci, breviter pedicel-
lati; perianthium bipartitum, segmentis obovatis, obtusis; staminis unici conneetivus
crassiusculus, apice breviter apiculatus; anthers late ellipticee. Flores feminei nunc
sessiles juxta apicem receptaculi, nunc pedicellati, bracteolis linearibus vel lineari-
lanceolatis, acutis, pedicellum 0:1 em. long. subeequantibus, intermixti ; perianthium
3-partitum, segmentis oblongis vel ovatis, subzequalibus, 0-1 cm. long. Ovarium
subglobosum ; stylus lateralis, caudatus, ovarium vix superans.
Species sine dubio ad F. calyptroceratem, Miq., spectans, abhorrens vero, preter
indumentum tomentellum foliorum ae ramulorum, signis multis momenti gravioris ac
levioris.
I refer Balansa’s plant here, although it differs from mine in its broader, somewhat
more fleshy and stouter-petioled leaves. Paucity of material has caused me to refrain
from dissecting the receptacle of Balansa's plant, which, naturally, is exactly like that of
mine, except for its somewhat more tomentose indumentum.
I much regret that my specimen of this fine tree, a row of which, yielding most
grateful shade, has been planted in front of the Custom-House at Corumbá, should be à
single specimen, and that in no very satisfactory condition.
Mr. Scott Elliot examined this plant for me, and indicated its affinity. [Paraguaria. |
BROSIMUM GAUDICHAUDII, Tréc. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. 3"* sér. viii. p. 140.
Hab. Crescit in locis apertis ad Santa Cruz passim, ubi nuncupatur Algodao do
Campo. (N. 656.)
The fruit when ripe is yellow and the size of a small gooseberry. It is eaten by the
people at Santa Cruz, but is not very palatable. [Bras. Or.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 479
BROSIMOPSIS, Artocarpearum, e tribu Euartocarpearum, gen, nov. (Pl. XXXI.)
Flores dioici, omnes globoso-capitati, capitulis basi bracteis perpaucis parvis instructis.
Flores 3: Perianthium subscariosum, tubulosum, 4-partitum, segmentis æstivatione
imbricatis. Stamina 4, declinata, basi ipsi perianthii segmentorum inserta;
filamentis dein longiuscule exsertis, sstivatione rectis; anthere subeylindrice,
Ovarii rudimentum 0. Flores 2: 2-4 circa «equatorem receptaculi dispositi, eorum
perianthium receptaculo. Ovarium receptaculo inclusum basique ei adnatum,
sursum in stylum e receptaculo exsertum desinens ; stigmata 2, elongata, crassius-
cula, a basi divergentia, apice acutata ; ovulum ab apice loeuli pendulum, anatropum ;
micropyle supera. Fructus globosus vel subgloboso-didymus, exocarpio (se. recep-
taculo ampliato) carnoso, endocarpio tenuiter crustaceo exocarpio deorsum concretum.
Semina solitaria vel bina (et tune fruetus subgloboso-didymus), a dorso compressa,
ambitu late elliptica vel suborbieularia; funiculus latus; hilum conspicuum, circu-
lare; testa membranacea; albumen 0; cotyledones carnosze, una alterà duplo
major; radicula supera.—Arbor lactescens. Folia ampla, breviter petiolata, indivisa,
penninervia, tenuiter coriacea ; stipule laterales, firme, diu persistentes. Florum
receptaeula in axillis plerumque solitaria, erecta vel patula, breviter peduneulata.
Bractez exiguee, ovatee, receptaculo multoties breviores. Bracteolæ parve, peltatee,
receptaculum femineum obtegentes et floribus masculis intermixtee. Flores masculi
receptaculo hemisphzerico basi brevissime immersi.
Genus singulare ob naturam fructus Brosimum in mentem revocat, ab eo equidem
longe abhorret de receptaculo unisexuali, et floribus masculis toto colo disparibus, et
floribus femineis zequatorialibus, nec apicalibus vel subapicalibus. Ab omnibus generibus
reliquis. Brosimearum—scilicet Lanessania, Baill., Bosquiea, Thou., Scyphosyce, Baill.
—(iffert, prseter alia, receptaculis unisexualibus, et ab Olmedieis receptaculis haud basi
bracteis amplis -serialibus cinctis. Inter .Ewartocarpeas, Helianthostyli, Baill., e
regione Amazonicá, videtur proxima, cujus flores masculi attamen rudimento, feminei
apice stylo elongato instructo gaudent, et flores feminei solitarii. Cudrania, Tréc., genus
gerontogzeum, floribus masculis aliquanto similibus, tamen flores femineos omnino
dispares ostendit, qui etiam longe diversi in Treculiá, Decne., ex Afr. Trop. Itaque flores
masculi Parartocarpi, Baill., stirpis Borneensis, perianthio carent et flores feminei
perianthium contra praebent. Receptacula feminea Batocarpi, Karst., hucusque sola
cognita, floribus dense aggregatis, perianthio instructis, necnon bracteis intermixtis obte-
guntur. Moreis ab omnibus differt primo obtutu filamentis in alabastro rectis.
(sp. nov.). Arbor elata ( 9 ) vel arbuscula ( 3 ) foliosa, ramulis
subteretibus minute pubescentibus, dein glabris, cinereis irregulariter rimosis, crebro
lenticelliferis, cicatriculis elliptieis eminentibus foliorum evanidorum abundanter
instructis, vulgo 0:2-0:4 cm. diam. Stipuke erectee, circa 0*6 em. long., lanceolatee,
acuminate, dorso puberul:e, membranace:e, longitrorsum nervosee, decolores.
Foliorum lamina oblonga vel oblon go-lanceolata, plerumque breviter cuspidata,
basi leviter obliqua, obtusa, szepe leviter rotundata, margine revoluta, obsolete
undulata, minute pubescens, cito glabra, usque 17:0 cm. long. et 7:0 cm. lat.
3Q
BROSIMOPSIS LACTESCENS
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
474 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
(mediocria 120Xx5:'0 cm.): costs secundariz circa 20, interjectis aliis mino-
ribus, angulis latis insertze, rectze vel fere rectee, rarissime mox dichotom:e, sub
margine arcuatim conjunctee, utrinque (prsecipue subtus) eminentes; venulæ
eminentes, arcte reticulate ; petioli ¢ 1*0 em. long., subteretes, minute pubescentes.
Receptaculorum pedunculi 0:2 cm. long., minute pubescentes, sub fructu sspe ad
0:5-0:6 em. elongati. Capitula masculina 0:5-0:7 cm. diam., glabra, subcarnosa,
basi bracteis circa 6 minutis, rotundatis, membranaceo-scariosis, 0:07 cm. long.
instructa, viva viridia. Bracteole minute, vix 0:1 cm. long., subito peltatim
dilatatze, pars peltata 0:5 em. diam. vel latior, minute pubescens, margine ciliolata.
Perianthii segmenta late obovata, obtusissima, interdum emarginata, 0:13 cm. long.,
usque 0:03-0:04 em. alt. coalita, extus minute pubescentia, margine ciliolata, intus
minute pilosula. Filamenta deinde perianthium paullulum superantia ; antheræ
0:07 em. long. Receptaculum femineum basi bracteas masculinis similibus osten-
dens, tempore fructificandi circa 0:5 em. diam., et nune bracteolis exiguis, peltatis,
minute pubescentibus, margine ciliolatis, magnitudine diversa, sed vix unquam 0:05
em. diam. attingentes dense obtectum. Os pseudoperigoniale pubescens, sursum
parum ampliatum. Ovarium subglobosum, apice paullo angustatum, 0:1 em. long. ;
stylus vix 0:2 em. long., vix ad 0-1 em. receptaculo inclusus, a receptaculo omnino
liber, minute pubescens; stigmata stylum subzequantia. Fructus 1:0-1:5 em. diam.,
minute puberulus, bracteolis haud amplificatis preesertim juxta basin instructus.
Semina 0:6-0'7 em. long., 0:7-0:8 em. lat. pallide brunnea vel brunneo-purpurea,
plus minus transversim rugata ; hilum 0:15 em. diam., stramineum.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz viget, et mens. Oct. floret, mens. insequente fructus ostendens.
(Nn. 366 [ g ] et 677 [ 9 ].)
A general view of the stem in transverse section as seen under a low power is given in
Plate XX XIX. fig. 6. The drawing represents a somewhat rare state of things, inasmuch
as trachez and tracheides are very scarce, their place being taken by a large number of
prosenchyme cells; but although along other radii there are usually more vascular
elements, even there the proportion of prosenchyme is still high. The protoxylem
often projects some distance into the pith. The phloém is sufficiently voluminous,
the hard bast being but slightly developed. There is a hard pericycle. Here and
there the cortex is strengthened by sclerenchyme cells; its fourth cell-layer functions
as a phellogen-layer. Material for studying the arrangement of the leaf-traces is
not to hand.
The plentiful milky latex is contained in tubes, which, in the stem, are seldom, if at all,
branched. These latex-tubes are frequent in the pith and the outer bast, and more
rarely they are met with in the cortex. In the pith they may often be traced running
for considerable distances and without septa, thus conforming with the rule relating to
the latex-tubes of Artocarpee. In other cases, however, transverse partitions are clearly
shown, and the tube may vary in appearance in different parts of its course. Accom-
panying the latex-tubes are usually short, thin-walled elements, overlying one another in
longitudinal series, and filled with a substance turning red on boiling sections with caustic
soda. These rows of cells may undergo much alteration in breadth within a short
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 475
distance, and may even pass over into ordinary pitted pith-cells ; their contents would
seem to be placed in continuity by means of fine threads passing through minute pores in
the intervening septa. An extreme case of septation of a latex-tube is shown at fig. 7 of
the cited plate; upon its right side are pith-cells, to the left is a row of cells with
contents contracted and turned red by boiling in caustic soda, these cells passing below
into ordinary pith-cells. Similar cells accompanying latex-tubes may also be seen at the
outer part of the bast, and more rarely in the cortex. What may be the relation, if
indeed there be any at all, between these rows of cells and the latex-tubes, I am not
prepared to say.
The epiderm of the leaf's upper side (fig. 7) is either one or two cells deep ; below it
lies the well-marked palisade tissue and the spongy mesophyll, the latter having but few
interspaces, and these very small. Only on its lower face can stomates be seen. Slender
latex-tubes accompanied by cells similar to those above alluded to are found chiefly in the
vascular bundles of the leaf (fig. 9 shows a tube with a septum across it); the contents
of many of the leaf-cells, and their walls as well, are turned a fine brick-red after lying a
little time in glycerine.
The latex-tubes can best be seen in the tissues of the embryo, and especially in the
cotyledons (fig. 10). The cells of the latter organs are crammed with small starch-grains,
and coursing among the cells are very numerous freely-branehing non-septate latex-tubes.
But one concludes at once that the latex is not confined to the tubes, since many of the
cells are seen to contain latex in addition to starch. I imagine there must be some
connection between these cells and the latex-tubes: indeed, the tubes can sometimes be
seen to be terminated by a cell, or a group of cells; hitherto, however, I have not
succeeded in satisfactorily demonstrating continuity. Other laticiferous cells may be
seen in close relation with the tubes in their course (fig. 12 , & fig. 10 9 ), though most of
the cells lying in proximity to the tubes have no latex. Such a drawing as that shown
in fig. 12 is very suggestive of connection between tube and cells, a short string of the
latter clearly seeming to actas a continuation of the tube. The presence of latex in
cells as well as in tubes, which latter may be simple or branched and septate or non-
septate—that is, the exhaustion of all possibilities in one and the same species—is, I
venture to think, a matter of some slight interest.
The latex consists for the greater part of fine granules, in which I failed to detect stra-
tification. Seeing that dried material alone is available, it has been thought better not
to attempt further study of this substance, though an opportunity of doing so may
possibly occur in the future, as what few seeds could be spared have been sent to
Dr. Trimen, of Peradenia Gardens, Ceylon, with a view to germination. The economic
importance of a good rubber plant isa fact patent to all, and I think it not impossible
that Brosimopsis may prove to be of some value in this relation.
The ripe seed is contained in a thin erustaceous membrane—the persistent ovarian
wall To this membrane the seed, after maturation, is found still attached close to its
hilum, so that, in extracting the seed, portions of the envelope are very apt to be left
behind, fixed to the edge of the prominent hilum. The testa is of a pale brown colour
d is very thin.
as y 3Q 2
476 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
SOROCEA GRANDIFOLIA (sp. nov.) ; ramulis petiolisque puberulis, illis cito glabris; foliis
majusculis, breviter petiolatis, oblongis vel anguste oblongo-obovatis, abrupte
cuspidato-acuminatis, grosse spinoso-dentatis, coriaceis, eximie nervosis; stipulis
ovato-lanceolatis, petiolum subzequantibus ; receptaculis utriusque sexús axillaribus,
solitariis vel geminis; floribus masc. brevissime pedicellatis, floribus fem. recepta-
culorum partitionibus erectis vel patulis, nunquam pendulis, superne incrassatis et
ellipsoideis, minute hirtello-scabriusculo-pubescentibus insertis; perigonia ore angus-
tissimo, integro, membranaceo, minute ciliolato; stigmatibus brevibus, lanceolatis
obtusis, integris, recurvis; ovulo apicali.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 566.)
Frutieulus elatus, copiose ramosus. Ramuli teretes, cinerei, longitrorsum striati, in
nodis parum tumidi. Foliorum lamina usque 26:0 cm. long., et 10:0 em. lat.,
mediocria circa 14-0 cm. long. et 5'0 cm. lat., in cuspidem plerumque circa 2:0 em.
long. apice spinigeram subito desinens, basi rotundato-obtusa, margine prorsus
spinoso-dentata, spinis rigidis tenuibus 0:4 cm. long., apice decoloribus ; costee secun-
dariz utrovis latere 12-15, interjectis aliis tertii ordinis, angulis latis insertze, levis-
sime arcuatee, marginem versus dichotome, ramis angulo fere recto cum costa
antecedente et insequente conjunctis, inde in spinam procurrentes; venulæ arcte
reticulatee ; petioli 0:5-1:5 em. long., patuli, validi, facie superiore anguste canali-
culati; stipule rigidee, 0-7 cm. long., mox deciduze. Receptacula mascula evoluta,
plerumque 5'0-7:0 em. long., hirtello-scabriusculo-pubescentia, a basi dens florigera.
Flores masculi albi, dilutissime virides, 0:45 cm. diam., pedicelli sui incrassati, vix
ad 0'1 cm. long. Receptacula feminea usque ad 7:0 em. long., hirtello-scabriusculo-
pubescentia, rhachis circa 0:1 em. diam., erecto-ascendens ; partitiones mox 0'7 cm-
long., plerumque erecto-curvatee, deorsum usque 0:1 cm. diam., sursum ad 0:25 em.
subito inerassatz, pars incrassata 0:3 cm. long. Perigonii triens superior a recep-
taculo liber, os ejus breviter tubulosum, 0:06 em. diam., et 0:5 em. alt. Ovarium
i-superum; stylus sursum gradatim attenuatus; stigmata 0°07 cm. long.; ovarii
loculus mox 0:2 em. long. Ovulum stricte apicale. Fructus desiderantur.
Species eximia et de signis insequentibus facili negotio recognita, nempe foliis maximis
e basi longe spinoso-dentatis, indumento receptaculorum, floribus masculis brevissime
pedicellatis, receptaculis fem. erectis, perigonii forma, ovario 3-supero, necnon ovulo vere
apicali. Forsan juxta S. Klotzschianam, Baill., intercalanda sit, sed plurimis punctis
ab illà abhorret. [Amazonia. |
MONOCOTYLEDONES.
ORCHIDE Æ.
. CATTLEYA SUPERBA, Schomb. ex Lindl. List Orch. sub t. 22.
Hab. Crescit passim prope Santa Cruz; reperi itaque ad ripas fl. Brasinho mens. Oct.
florentem. (Nn. 568, 690.)
| d |. Iam indebted to Mr. R. A. Rolfe for this identification, which considerably extends
the range of this beautiful plant. [Amazonia, Guiana, Venezuela, Columbia Or. |
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 477
EPIDENDRUM IMATOPHYLLUM, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 106.
Hab. Inveni fl. Paraguay impendentem juxta Tres Barras mens. Oct. (N. 657.)
Mr. im Thurn notes that in Guiana E. ¿imatophyllum is always associated with ants,
and it is a curious coincidence that, in securing this, the only specimen which we saw,
Dr. Evans was severely stung by a swarm of small yellow ants. Ants frequently take up
their quarters in decaying orchid pseudobulbs, which they apparently excavate for the
purpose; but inasmuch as the present species belongs to a section without pseudobulbs,
the insects probably inhabit the spaces between the stem and the closely-appressed leat-
sheaths. Anyway,a few undoubted ant-holes are to be seen in the leaf-sheaths of my
specimen, which, moreover, has a solid stem. {Amazonia, Guiana. |
EPIDENDRUM VARIEGATUM, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3151.
Hab. Sat frequens, mens. Oct. florescens, in ripá fl. dos Bugres. (Nn. 543, 544.)
[Brazil Or., Amazonia, Guiana, N. Grenada, Peruvia. |
Ad hoc genus forsan relegandum exstat insequens:
EPIDENDRUM ($ AMPHIGLOTTIUM ?), sp.? £.caule folioso, stricto; fos distichis, lanceolatis
obtusis vel obtusiusculis, 8:0-18:0 em. long., 1:7—3:3 cm. lat., coriaceis ; inflorescentise
terminalis axe elongato, post fructificationem radices et caules foliosos novellos juxta
apicem gignente. Neque flores nec fructus suppetebant.
Hab. Crescit prope fl. Brasinho mens. Nov. (N. 568a)
These specimens were dried solely on account of their curious morphology. It occa-
sionally happens in a few genera of Orchids that the axis of the spike will bud after
flowering, instead of dying down; in the present case this seems to be the rule, and
not exceptional.
BLETIA CATENULATA, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. Syst. p. 229.
Hab. Yn graminosis udis ad campos de Tapirapuan floret mens. Sept. (N. 388.)
The flowers are somewhat smaller and the leaves narrower than is the case with
typical catenulata, but I agree with Mr. Rolfe in considering these insufficient grounds
for making a new species. [Guiana, Peruvia. |
RODRIGUEZIA SECUNDA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 367.
Hab. Viget in sylvà primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi mens.
Sept. florescit. (N. 349.) [Amazonia, Guiana, N. Grenada, Amer. Centr., Ind. Occ.]
NOTYLIA LYRATA (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXII. figs. 4-10); pseudobulbis parvis, oblongo-
linearibus, a vaginis supremis superatis; foliis coriaceis, nune linearibus nunc lineari-
oblongis obtusiusculis; pedunculis gracilibus folia subzequantibus, vaginis 2-3
distantibus instructis; sepalis lateralibus ad $ connatis, apice fere rectis; labelli
breviter unguiculati laminà lyratá, margine planá, cristam laminatam editam
dimidio proximali proferente; columná apice recurvá.
478 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Inveni prope fl. dos Bugres mens. Oct. florescentem. (N. 438.)
Pseudobulbi vix ultra 1:0 em. long., sicci 0:3 cm. lat., compressi, vaginis ad 1:5 cm. long.
occlusi. Folia imparia, maxima 9*0, minima 4:5-5:5 cm. long., 07-1:3 em. lat., basi ad
0:3 em. coarctata, in sicco corrugata. Racemi nutantes, pluriflori, deorsum vaginati.
vaginis ovatis, acuminatis, laxe amplexicaulibus, 7:0 cm. long. Bractez modice.
Pedicelli 0:3 em. long. patuli vel decurvi. Flores circa 0'5 cm. diam., dilute
crocei. Sepala linearia, acutiuscula, 0:45 cm. long., posticum quam lateralia paullo
brevius. Petala lineari-lanceolata, acuta, sep. lateralibus parum breviora. Labelli
sep. lateralia :equantis unguis 0-1 cm. long.; lamina 3:0 cm. long., e basi levissime
cordata, sensim angustata, sursum subito ampliata, apice obtusa. Columna a petalis
fere duplo superata, antice sulcata, basi ipsà incrassata, sursum subito recurvata.
Antherz vix 0:2 cm. long., appendicula membranacea rostellum amplectens.
Juxta Notyliam Barkeri, Lindl. intercalanda, abs quà abborret, przeter alia, floribus
minoribus, sepalis lateralibus apice fere rectis, labellique lamina dispari. [Mexico.]
NOTYLIA BISEPALA (sp. nov.); pseudobulbis oblongis, superne angustatis, vaginis
plerumque quam ipsi brevioribus cinctis; foliis lineari-oblongis vel ovato-oblongis,
obtusis, pseudobulbos excedentibus, subcarnosis ; pedunculis folia excedentibus vel
subzequantibus, deorsum vaginis 3—4 laxis distantibus instructis; sepalis lateralibus
apice ipso solummodo liberis; labelli, quam sepala distincte brevioris, longe unguicu-
lati, laminà e basi truncatá, pubescente, triangulari-acuminatà, obscure callosá vel
omnino ecallosà, margine recurvà ; columna fere recta.
Hab. Juxta Santa Cruz lecta, itaque in sylva primseva inter Santa Cruz et Campos de
Tapirapuan; floret menss. Sept. et Oct. (Nn. 387, 511.)
Pseudobulbi ad 2:0 em. long., compressiusculi, in sicco longitudinaliter alti striati. Folia
maxime inæqualia, majora ad 14/0 em. long., minima nec ultra 5'0 em., pleraque
1:5-2:3 cm. lat., in sicco punctis albidis leviter elevatis conspersa. Racemi nutantes
vel ascendentes, pluriflori, puberuli; eorum vagin: ovate, acuminatze, 0'6-0'7 cm.
long. Bracteze modicæ. Pedicelli 0*6 em. long., erecti vel curvati, minute puberuli.
Flores lutei, circa 07 cm. diam. Sepalorum lateralium lamina sep. posticum lanceo-
latum acutiusculum excedens, ovato-cuspidata, apice brevissime bifida, 0°65 cm. long.
Petala sep. lateralium laminam «equantia, lineari lanceolata, acuminata. | Labellum
totum 0:45 em. long.; unguis ejus superne sensim laxatus, 0°15 cm. long., obscure
callosus vel ecallosus, lamina basi 2:0 cm. lat. Columna quam unguis labelli vix
dimidio longior, antice excavata, ima basi dilatata. Antherz appendicula rostellum
amplectens.
Non dubito quin spectet ad JN. Huegelii, Reichb. f., quee, fide beat. auctoris, eadem est ac
N. tridachne, Lindl, Planta Mexicana vero floribus majoribus et petalis falcatis, neque
rectis nec acuminatis, et labelli angustioris laminà manifestius callosà gaudet. [Mexico.]
LocKHARTLXE sp. indet. (forsan L. goyazensis, Reichb. f., vel L. elegans. Hook.) Flores
jam dilapsi..
Hab. Santa Cruz, Nov. (N. 692.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 479
DICHHA CORNUTA (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXII. figg. 1-3); caulibus erectis; foliis medio-
cribus, linearibus, obtusis, pedunculis folia subeequantibus ; sepalis et petalis lanceo-
latis, acutis, his quam illa paullulum brevioribus; labelli longe unguiculati lamina
rotundatá, brevissime cuspidulatà, basi longiuscule ineurvo-cornutà ; column:e pede
brevissimo; clinandrio breviter lobulato; capsulá oblonga, leevi.
Hab. Incolit ripam fl. Brasinho, ubi flores preebet mens. Oct. (N. 459.)
Caulis ad 22:0 cm. long., modice foliosus. Foliorum vagin: +1:0 em. long., cauli satis
arcte applicate; laminz circa 2:0 cm. long. et 0:4 cm. lat. basi parum coarctatá.
Pedunculi modici, ipso sub flore paullulum inerassati. Flores circa 1:0 cm. diam.,
albidi, purpureo-maculati. Sepala 0°85 cm. long., vix ad 0:3 em. lat. Labellum
0:6 cm. long. unguis ejus late linearis, basi levissime angustatus, 0°35 cm. long. ;
lamina margine undulata, incurva, 0:45 cm. lat., ejus cornua pro genere sat elongata,
falcato-semicirculata, 0:2 cm. long. Capsula 1:0 em. long., 0°5 cm. lat., subanceps,
omnino glaber. Columna vix 0:2 cm. alt. Pollinia non vidi.
Species habitu et capsulis glabris cum D. graminoidi, Lindl., satis congruens, floribus
vero disparibus gaudet. [Guiana, Ind. Occ. |
VANILLA ENSIFOLIA ?, Rolfe, in Kew Bull. 1892, p. 141. (Tab. XXXIII. fig. 6.) Speciebus
ab omnibus hucusque notis, Y. ensifolid exempta, discrepat de foliis linearibus.
Nec flores nec fructus vidi.
Hab. Inveni in ripá fl. Paraguay, haud procul a Tres Barras, mens. Oct. (N. 657 a.)
'This is a very interesting and remarkable species, quite different from the general run
of Vanillas, and strikingly similar in foliage to the species recently described by Rolfe.
[N. Grenada.)
[ V. sp., forsan Y. planifolie, Andr., legi mens. Aug. juxta urbem Cuyabá specimina
floribus et fructibus carentia. ]
STENORHYNCHUS AUSTRALIS, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 477.
Hab. Crescit prope urbem Cuyabá, ubi florentem reperi mens. Aug. (N. 66.)
SPIRANTHES GRANDIFLORA, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1043.
Hab. In angustiis montium Serra da Chapada, necnon in cacumine eorundem, mens.
Aug. flores profert. (Nn. 190, 191.) [Bras. Or.]
Prysurus OREADUM (sp.nov.); caule ascendente, folioso, deorsum vaginis foliorum
evanidorum instructo; foliis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi gradatim
coarctatis, siccitate rubescentibus, brevipetiolatis, petiolo subito vaginato-dilatato ;
spicá densiflora, anguste lineari, foliis duplo excedente; bracteis lanceolatis, acumi-
natis, pedicellis duplo longioribus; floribus mediocribus ; sepalis suberectis, lanceo
latis, obtusis, sepalo antico quam lateralia paullulum longiore; petalis sepala
subeequantibus, lineari-oblanceolatis, obtusis, cum sepalo postico in galeam
conniventibus ; labelli longe clavellato-calearati limbo lyrato, laminà terminali
rotundatá, vix lunatà.
480 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primeeva inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi florentem
reperi mens. Sept. (N. 373.)
Tota planta circa 40-0 cm. alt. Caulis crassiusculus, siccitate nigricans, et nunc ad 0:35
cm. lat. compressus, puberulus, e nodis infimis radices sat validas, fere simplices
dense piliferas emittens; internodia pleraque 2:0-3:0 em. long. Foliorum vaginæ
1:2-1:'5 em. long., circa 1:0 cm. lat., ad 0:6-0'7 em. circum caulem continue;
tenuiter membranaceze, obsolete puberulze, vix decolores. Foliorum lamina supra
vaginam ad 1°5 cm. petiolata, petioli 0°2-0°3 cm. lat., juveniles albido-ciliati, mox
glabri. Lamina ipsa circa 11:0 cm. long. et 2:5-8:5 cm. lat., membranacea, fere a
basi 3-(5)-nervis, puberula, dein glabra. Spica 18:0 em. long., 2:0 cm. lat., deorsum
vaginis paucis laxe amplectentibus obtecta, pubescens. Bractez fere 1:0 em. long.,
uninerves. Pedicelli recti, vix 0:5 em. long., ovario duplo breviores. Sepala 0:5 em.
long., 0:13 cm. lat., ad 0'3 cm. decurrentia. Labelli, ad 0°15 cm. in columna adnati,
limbus 0:35 cm. long., infra medium 0:2 cm. lat., hinc fere ad 0'1 em. attenuatus ;
lamina terminalis 0°25 cm. lat., minute ciliolata; calcaris pars libera 0:8 em. long.,
leviter clavata, apice brevissime acutata. Pollen sectile. Capsula oblonga, 0°8 cm.
long.
Arcte affinis P. densifloro, Lindl., mihi cognito modo icone in herb. Lindl., quee speciem
adumbrat nostra a stirpe abhorrentem de habitu humiliore, spicá abbreviatà, floribus
longius pedicellatis, labelli laminà terminali sagittata, petalis latioribus, calcare ovario
longiore in eo longius adnato. Habitus et folia plantam a cl. Glaziou lectam (N. 12204)
in mentem revocant, sed spica major necnon sepala et labellum disparia. [Bras.]
ZINGIBERACE.JE.
CosTUS ACAULIS, sp. nov. (Tab. XXXIII. figg. 1-5) ; caule brevissimo; foliis infimis ad
vaginas late ovatas, laxe amplexicaules, piloso-pubescentes imminutis; foliis superi-
oribus paucis (4-5) rosulatis, elongatis, oblongo-obovatis, obtusis vel acutis, tenuiter
membranaceis, mox supra pilosis vel fere omnino glabris, subtus, preesertim in
nervo mediano, pilosis, margine ciliatis; foliis supremis paucissimis quam majora
saltem duplo brevioribus ; inflorescentiá confertá, haud strobiliformi, floribus paucis in
apice caulis foliis parvis bracteas simulantibus cinctis; pedicellis bracteolá lanceolato
obovatá, breviter bifidà, membranaceá instructis; calyce tubuloso, bracteolam
superante, ultra medium bifisso, laciniis ovato-lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, laciniá
tertià duabus alte connatis paullo minore; labello majuseulo amplo, fere suborbicu-
lato, margine undulato, tenuissimo et pellucidissimo, deorsum puberulo; stamine
petaloideo, integro, anguste oblongo-oblanceolato, breviter acuminato; antherá
basin versus connectivi affixá; ovario juxta apicem pilis albidis dense obsito,
3-loculari; ovulis pluribus 3-4 (-2?)-serialibus dissepimento insidentibus ; stylo
filiformi, glabro; stigmate expanso-infundibuliformi.
Hab. Crescit in fruticetis arenaceis prope Santa Cruz, ubi floret mens. Nov. (N. 679.)
Folia infima (vaginz) usque ad 3:5 cm. long., tenuia, folia majora ad 18-0 cm. long.,
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 481
pellucida, in sicco viridia, supra medium 6:0-7:5 cm. lat., facie superiore lepidibus
minutis albis inspersa, lepide nervosa. Folia floralia, bracteole, et sepala deorsum
subtiliter maculata, illa circa 3:5 em. long., oblongo-spathulata, piloso-pubescentia.
Bracteola vix 2*0 em. long., fere usque ad 0:3 em. bifida. Calyx 2:2 cm. long., ad
1:3 em. bifissus, segmento majore ad 0:3 em. bifido. Petala 5:0 em. long., lanceolata.
Labellum 7:0 cm. long., circa 4°0 cm. diam., superne gradatim laxatum, luteum.
Stamen 27 em. long., tenuissimum, nervosum. Antherz lineares, circa 0:5 em. long. ;
loculi basi divergentes, superne attenuati ibique in cristam elevatam abeuntes.
Ab affini Costo pumilo, Petersen, abhorret, przeter alia, foliis pellucidis, majoribus,
diversiformibus, fere glabris nec hirsutis, in sieco viridibus nec subrubescentibus,
labelloque minore gradatim nec subito in tubum attenuato. (Bras. Or. vel Goyaz.]
C. pumilus was described by Petersen from specimens without flowers. There are
flowers at Kew, carefully preserved by Burchell, hitherto the only collector of the plant,
but the material is scarcely enough to warrant dissection. Nevertheless I feel satisfied
from careful examination of the dried flowers that Burchell’s plant, although un-
doubtedly closely allied to mine, has somewhat different flowers, to say nothing of the
leaves. Unless I am mistaken, there is but one other acaulescent Costus in our herbaria,
and that is an African one at Kew.
Burchell’s specimens were gathered between the river Paranahiba and Goyaz. The
former being in the provinee of Minas Geraes and thus in the South Brazilian botanical
province, while the latter is in the North-Brazil—Guiana province, it is impossible to say
of which province C. pumilus is a native.
In the analysis of this Plate I have diligently sought to represent the flower correctly,
the stamen alone costing several hours’ labour to dissect out. The task of making out
with precision the delicate parts of such a flower is, however, such a diffieult one that
the analysis may perhaps be defective, especially as regards the petal.
Cosrus PUBESCENS (sp. nov.); caule leviter spirali, crasso, vaginis pubescentibus in
ochream productis omnino obtecto; foliorum modicorum spiralium vaginatorum sub-
sessilium lamina plerumque oblanceolato-oblongà, apice acuminata, dimidio inferiore
eradatim attenuatà (nonnunquam minore, late ovata obtusa), pubescente, cito puberula
vel glabra ; inflorescentiá in caule folioso terminali brevi nec ultra 5'0 cm. longa;
bracteis laxis, subrectis, late ovatis obtusis, puberulis, inferioribus laminá frondosá
magna hine gradatim imminuente coronatis; floribus inclusis (forsan vero subexsertis),
ample bracteolatis ; calyce tubuloso, breviter ac pariter trifido ; stamine oblongo, haud
petaloideo.
—Hab. Juxta ripam fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, flores przebuit mens.
Dec. (N.813.) Grana de Macaco incolarum. |
Orgyalis, sursum sepe ramosus. Caulis erectus circa 0'5 em. diam. Vaginze plerzeque
2:0-40 cm. long., arcte applicate ; ochrez nunc brevissimz vel obsolete, nunc
ad 0:3-0:4 cm. long., margine lanato-ciliatee. Foliorum lamina usque ad 16-0 cm.
long., minime vero nec ultra 5:0-6:'0 cm. non absunt, plerumque 3:0-5:0 em. lat.,
membranacez, in sicco plus minus rubescentes. Bracteæ (lamina frondosa exempta)
SECOND SERIES.— BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3g
482 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
circa 2:5 em. long. et 2:0 em. lat., lamina frondosa usque ad 8:0 cm. long., plerum-
que vero minor. Bracteola vix 2:0 cm. long., 0'6 em. lat., navicularis. Calyx 0:8-1:0
em. long, 0°6 em. lat, ad 0:2 cm. trifidus; lobi triangulari-rotundati, obtusi.
Labellum (an maturum ?) 1:5 em. long., album, fauce purpureum, juvenile ovatum,
acuminatum.
Species forsan cum Costo discolore, Rosc., componenda, distans vero vaginis pubescen-
tibus, bracteis latioribus, floribus paucis, etc. [Amazonia.]
Apud incolas caulis exsuccus pro remedio efficace contra gonorrhceam habetur.
RENEALMIA FOLIOSA (sp. nov.); caule valido ascendente altitudinis przetermissse, terete,
glabro; foliis magnis, longe vaginatis, vaginis laminam haud attingentibus, laminà
oblongo-oblanceolatà, basi insequilaterá, sensim rotundato-angustatá, margine spinu-
loso-denticulatá, glabra ; costá mediá supra excavatá, subtus maxime eminente ; scapo,
e rhizomate areuatim aseendente, foliis pluries breviore, pubescente, deorsum
vaginis aphyllis laxis imbricatis in longitudinem eminenter nervosis glabris instructo ;
floribus sparsiusculis, bracteis elongatis oblongis acutis membranaceis puberulis,
floribus racemosis pedicellatis ; pedicello cirea duplo breviore, pubescente ; paracalyce
bifisso, extus pubescente; calyce tubuloso, pubescente, trilobo, lobis triangulari-ovatis
acutis; corollee tubo calyci vix «equilongo, laciniis ovato-oblongis, obtusis, erectis,
laciniá intermedià lateralibus paullo latiore; labello corollam :equante longe ac
late unguiculato; limbo rotundato, insequaliter 3-lobo, lobis lateralibus mediano
majoribus ; staminodiis linearibus, erectis, basi labelli insidentibus ; antherá liberá,
rectangulari, pubescente; stylo basi a nectario brevi incrassato cincto, superne, inter
loculos antherze abscondito, gracili ; stigmate reniformi, oblique excavato; ovario
velutino-tomentoso.
Hab. Crescit in angustiis ad Serra da Chapada, ubi flores prebuit mens. Aug. (N. 204.)
Caulis basi 3:0 em. diam., et folia circa octo proferens. Folia magna, metralia, 15:0
cm. lat., firme membranacea, petiolis circa 3:0 em. long. validis fulta. Scapus
coccineus, 30:0 cm. long. basi 0:6 cm. diam.; vaginsz infime modo 1°5-2°5 em.
long., superiores 6'0 cm. attingentes, obtuse, extus juxta apicem puberul:e, in sicco
papyracee, vivee purpureze. Bractez mediocres, circa 4&0 cm. long, subtiliter
nervosze, rectze vel subpatule. Pedunculi plerique 1:0-1:5 cm. long., ascendentes.
Paracalyx 2:0-3:0 cm. long., 1:0 em. diam. Calyx 2:0 em. long., ad 0°6 em. trifidus.
Corolla vix 3:0 em. attingens, extus puberula, labello ochraceo exempto coccinea ;
lacinia intermedia 0:75 cm. long., 06 cm. lat., lacinive laterales altius connate,
interdum ad 0:55 em. inter se libere. ^ Labellum 1-0 em. long.; lamina vix 0:3 em.
long. et 0°6 cm. lat.; unguis 0-7 em. long., 0°35 em. lat., pulvinato-incrassatus.
Staminodia 0-3-0°35 cm. long., uninervia. Anthera 0:75 cm. long., 0'4 cm. lat.
Stigma 0°3 cm. lat. Nectarium vix 0:15 em. alt., 0:3 em. diam.
Ex affinitate R. exaltate, Linn. f., et R. bracteose, Griseb., ab ambábus vero facili
obtutu dignoscenda foliis laterioribus basi subrotundatis, spicá abbreviatá vaginas minores
sustinente, labello diversiformi, ovario velutino-tomentoso nec glaberrimo, nectario
modo 0°15 em. alto, necnon florum colore. [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Ind. Occ.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 455
RENEALMIA HOLDENI (sp. nov.) ; rhizomate obscure noduloso, squamulis laxis instructo ;
foliis distichis, longe vaginantibus, vaginis truncatis laminam attingentibus vel fere
attingentibus, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis apice longe acuminatis, deorsum sensim
coarctatis, fere omnino glabris; scapo radicali leviter scabriusculo vaginis aphyllis
subremotis instructo ; inflorescentià pluriflorà, subracemosá, elongata, angusta,
bracteas lanceolatas vel ovatas proferente; pedunculis quam bracte:xe suffuleientes
duplo vel triplo brevioribus, erectis, scabriusculis, 1-2-floris; floribus parvis, a bracteis
amplis secundi ordinis fultis; pedicellis ovarium subzequantibus, superne leviter
incrassatis; calyce ut in R. occidentali, Griseb. ; corollae tubo quam calyx breviore,
laciniis oblongo-obovatis obtusis, margine ciliatis, laciniá intermediá quam laterales
paullo minore ; labello lacinias corollze subzequante, obovato obtuso, breviter trilobo,
undulato, late unguiculato, stamen ¿-amplectente; ovario anguste ellipsoideo, pubes-
cente, quam calyx 3-plo breviore; stylo filiformi basi a nectario parvo cylindrico
3-lobo cincto; stigmate late reniformi. |
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, neenon in sylvis vicinis, flores preebens menss. Nov.-
Dee. (N. 680 a.)
Foliorum lamina ad 28:0 em. long. (plerumque vero cirea 20:0 em.) et vix 30—45 cm.
lat.; costa media supra impressa, subtus eminens. Scapus circa 25:0 em. alt., 0:25
em. diam., vaginze 9:5—6:0 em. long., apice truncate. Bracteze inferiores ad 2:5 cm.
long., superiores 1:0 cm., subscariose. Bracteze secundi ordinis circa 0:5 em. long.,
margine ciliatee vel calve. Calyx 0:6 cm. long. Corolla 1:2 em. long. Labelli
lamina vix 0'4 em. ungue 0:15 em. long., basi breviter pulvinata. Anthera 0*4 cm.
long. Stigma ad 0:1 em. lat. dilatatum.
A R. occidentali, Griseb., cui affinior, abhorret, foliis minoribus, inflorescentià sub-
racemosa, rhachide scabriusculá nec pubescente, labello trilobo longius et minus late
unguiculato, breviter pulvinato, nectario parvo, ete. Arctius accedit ad R. occidentalem,
var. Paco-secora, cujus pedunculi uniflori vel infimi biflori inflorescentiam fere racemosam
constituunt. [Amazonia, Guiana, Amer. Centr., Ind. Occ.)
Named in honour of Mr. N. Lofft Holden, who conducted our boat up to Santa Cruz,
and first brought this plant to me.
MARANTACEJX.
ISCHNOSIPHON NEMOROSUS (sp. nov.); inflorescentià folio magno fultà, vaginá brevi,
angustá, intus glabra, articulum haud attingente; petiolo valido, ubi in articulum
abit annulo pilifero instructo; lamina e basi rotundatá, insequilaterá, elongata,
lanceolato-oblongá, ubi in articulum abit supra late (haud profunde) canaliculatá,
superne sensim attenuata, acuta, in:quilaterà, apice maxime obliquá, glabra,
spicis numerosis, angustis, confertis, plurifloris; inflorescentiá quam lamina folii
suffulcientis plerumque plus quam 2-plo breviore; bracteis oblongis vel oblongo-
oblanceolatis, acutis vel mucronato-obtusis, concavis, laxe imbricatis, pubescentibus,
pergamaceis ; corolla tubo, sepalis 3-plo longiore, sursum puberulo; petalis oblongo-
oblanceolatis, obtusis, glabris; staminodio calloso amplo; staminodii cucullati auricula
9R2
484. MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
curvata; stamine fertili appendice parva petaloidea superne angustata, basin antherze
attingente instructo.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primevá juxta Santa Cruz. (N. 350.)
Planta formosa, li-metralis. Folia basalia ignota. Exemplariorum meorum scapus
usque ad basin vagin:e folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis 14:0 cm. long., 0*6 cm. lat.
Vagina 12:0-16:0 cm. long., circa 1'5 em. lat. (petiolo incluso), passim piloso-
pubescens, imá basi et superne, ibique preesertim in margine, villosulo-pubescens.
Petiolus e vaginá usque ad articulum 16:0-20:0 cm. long., stramineus. Articulus
4'0—5:0 em. long., minutissime puberulus, ubi in laminam transit margine pubescens.
Lamina ultra 40:0 cm. long., basi 14-:0—15:0 cm. lat., ipso sub apice ad 4:0-5:0 cm.
attenuata, in sicco pallide glaucescentia, erebre nervosa, margine paullulum carti-
laginea, juxta apicem ciliata; nervus medius supra excavatus, subtus valde prominens.
Inflorescentia fere ad 20:0 cm. long., pluri- ac maxime confertiramea. Bractez
plereque 1:5-2:8 cm. long., brunezm. Bracteole circa 1:2 cm. long. Flores
exserti. Sepala linearia, obtusa, 1:0 em. long. Corolle tubus 1:6 cm. long., medio
manifeste dilatatus. Flores albi. Petala 0°55 cm. long., 0°35 cm. lat., margine
crispula. Staminodium callosum obovatum, 0°6 cm. long., callo laminato trian-
gulari 0-1 cm. alt. unilateraliter auctum. Staminodium cucullatum vix 0'4 cm.
long., appendice 0'1 em. long. Staminis fertilis appendix petaloidea 0:2 cm. long.,
basi 0:1 cm. lat., sub antherá fere evanida. Anthera oblonga, obtusa, 0:2 cm. long.
Ovarium apice pilis sericeis flavicantibus instructum. Capsulam non vidi.
Ab Ischnosiphone plurispicato, Koern., divergit foliorum laminis majoribus latioribus
basi ubiin articulum abeunt, supra late (nec profunde) carinatis ibique glabris, petiolo
supra vaginam elongato, bracteis paullo longioribus pubescentibus, floribus longius
exsertis, sepalis angustioribus haud maculis bruneis conspersis, corollee majoris tubo
longiore (corollae tubus speciminis Riedeliani vix 1:2 cm. attingit). J. laxus, Koern.,
preeter alia, spicis laxis gaudet, quee etiam in J. guienensi, Koern., pauciores esse enarrant.
[ Bras. Or.]
ISCHNOSIPHON CONCINNUS (sp. nov.); folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis vagina sat lata,
articulum nequaquam attingente, villosulo-pubescente, superne intus appresse
villosulá, petiolo vaginze subwequali vel quam ea breviore, minutissime pubescente
vel puberulá; articulo longo a petiolo annulo nullo separato; lamina lanceolatá vel
oblongo-lanceolatá acuminata, sursum sensim attenuata, insequilatera, apice fere recta,
basi rotundato-acutatá ; inflorescentiá, e spicis parvis pluribus, dense confertis, diverse
altitudinis, insertis composita, in ambitu obovatá, quam lamina 3-4-plo breviore,
spicis ramosis ; bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis, pubescentibus (przecipue sub margine)
vel subglabris, concavis, pergamaceis; corolle tubo sepalis 2-plo longiore sursum
valde torto, glabro, petalis oblongis obtusis, glabris; staminodio calloso anguste
obovato; staminodio cucullato, staminodium callosum excedente, prope apicem
incurvo-auriculato ; stamine fertili anguste petaloideo.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, prope Santa Anna da Chapada,
alt. circa 700 met. supra mare, Floret mens. Aug. (N. 90.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 485
Caulis teres, levis. Folia basalia (ex schedis meis) petiolis circa ¿-metralibus fulta.
Seapus erectus, 14 metralis, 0:3 cm. diam. Vaginz foliorum inflorescentiam
suffulcientium 6:0-8:0 em. long., 1°5 em. lat., petiolus inter vaginam et articulum
3:0-6:5 cm. long. (raro modo 1:5 cm.), articulus 2:0-3:0 em. long., 0:25 em. diam.
Lamina ad 32:0 cm. long., in medio 7:0-8:5 cm. lat., valde insequilatera, in sicco
pallide glaucescens, subtus decolor; costa media supra excavata, subtus eminens.
Inflorescentia 6:'0-10:0 em. long. (raro 10°0 em. attingit), superne 4°0-6°0 cm. lat.
pubescens. Bracteze 2:0-2:5 cm. long. Bracteole 1:0 cm. long., naviculares, uno
latere puberule. Flores punicei. Sepala 0°45 cm. long., oblongo-lanceolata, acuta
vel obtusiuseula. Corolle tubus 1:0 em. long., superne gradatim et leviter attenuatus.
Petala 0:3 cm. long. Staminodium callosum 0:3 em. long., callo parvo instructum.
Staminodium cucullatum longe unguiculatum, 0:45 cm. long., auriculá 0'1 cm. long.
Ovarium apice pubescens.
Certe juxta Zschnosiphonem densiflorum, Koern., speciem Mattogrossensem, interponenda,
cujus flores adhuc ignoti, sed caulis ex cl. Petersen breviter hirtus ac verrucoso-
asperulus, vagin: articulum attingunt, lamina folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis longior
et latior, et bractew modo 1:6-1:8 cm. long. [Matto Grosso. |
IsCHNOSIPHON ARGENTEUS (sp. nov.); caule e rhizomate crasso, elato, a vaginis strictis
elongatis ensiformibus cincto; foliorum basalium vagina sat lata, quam petiolus
breviore, obsolete pruinosá; petiolo gracili, obscure farinoso; articulo elongato, a
petiolo nullo annulo separato, farinoso ; lamina insequilaterá, e basi latá, rotundatá
ovato-lanceolatá, acuminatá, apice subrectá, subtus albo-farinosá, supra obsolete
pruinosá, superne puberula ; folio inflorescentiam fuleiente parvo ample vaginato,
vaginá articulum brevem attingente ; inflorescentià e spicá gracili, solitarià, brevi,
basi subnudá, pauciflora, obsolete puberulá constante; bracteis subdistantibus,
oblongo-oblanceolatis, convolutis, subtiliter nervosis, obsolete pruinosis; floribus
exsertis ; corolle tubo elongato, gracillimo, sepala duplo excedente; petalis elongatis,
lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis; staminodio calloso oblongo-ovato, elongato, callo parvo
aucto; staminodio cucullato quam staminodium callosum duplo breviore, subclavato-
auriculato ; stamine fertili petaloideo, oblanceolato, antherá brevi aucto; stylo curvato;
ovario apice pilis sericeis spissis instructo.
Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 344.)
Rhizoma ultra 1:0 cm. diam., radices simplices 0:1 em. diam. emittens. Vaginze aphyllz,
caulem occludentes, inferiores 3:0-13'0 cm. long., superiores 27:0-45:0 cm. long.,
caulem arcte amplectentes, apice truncato-emarginate. Folii basalis vagina a vaginá
aphylla superiore superata, vix 1:0 em. lat., in apice ipso albido-villosa, ceterum
glabra, superne intus lateritio-nervosa ; petiolus supra vaginam 15:0 cm. long., 0:3
em. diam.; articulus 3:0 em. long., 0'3 em. lat., in sicco sordide puniceo-bruneo-
pruinosus; lamina circa 30'0 cm. long., medio 13°0 cm. lat.; costa media basi ipsa.
hirsuta. Vagina explanata folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis 4°5 em. iong., 0'8 cm.
lat., superne angustatee, articulus 0°6 cm. long., 0°15 cm. lat. ; lamina 12:0 cm. long.
et lat. dimidio minor, basi inzequilatera. Spica 11:0 cm. long., cujus pedunculus
486 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
4-0 em. attingit. Bracteze 2:0-2:5 em. long., puberulee. Flores albidi. Sepala
anguste linearia, acuminata, 1:5 cm. long., 0:05 cm. lat. Petala 1:2 cm. long.
Corollæ tubus vix 3:0 em. long., dimidio inferiore modo 0:05 cm. long., superne
leviter et sensim amplificatus, sub limbo 0:12 em. lat. Staminodium callosum vix
1:0 em. long. Staminodium cucullatum 0:5 cm. long., auriculá 0:25 cm. long.
Stamen fertile staminodium cucullatum subeequans; anthera (an tota?) 0°05 cm.
long. Stylus 0:05 em. crassus. Stigma subcuneiforme, vix 0:1 cm. long.
Speciem cum Ischnosiphone leucopheo, Koern., I. surinamensi, Koern., et I. ovato,
Koern., componendam, tamen ab omnibus spicá tenui, pauciflorá, solitarià, basi fere nuda,
nec vaginas plures aphyllas sustinente, inter multa alia, nullo negotio cognoscere potes.
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia. |
MARANTA PoHLIaNa, Koern., in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1862, p. 44 (nec M. divaricata,
Rosc. Scit. tab. 27.)
Hab. Floret in ripà fl. Paraguay, inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, mens. Oct.
(N. 510.)
M. Pohliana a M. divaricatá, quacum cl. Petersen eam conjungebat, distare videtur ob
folia minora et sepala multo minora et tubum corolle excedentia, necnon ob corollæ
tubum breviorem et florem totum minorem itaque ovario viridi albo-sericeo nec villoso-
tomentoso gaudet. Equidem cl. Petersen ipse dicit M. Pohlianam inter M. divari-
catam et M. foliosam medium tenere videtur.
Nescio cur cl. Petersen stirpem a cl. Glaziou lectam (n. 12214) ad M. divaricatam
refert, cujus sepala enarrat “13 mm." attingere, quum ea speciminis Glazioviani vix
ad 5:5 mm. pertineant. An hec planta potius ad M. Pohlianam referenda ?
Eamdem speciem ante oculos habui a cl. Gardner in Brasilia Or. lectam (n. 1854), et a
cl. Burchell (Nn. 6857, 6714). [Bras. Or.]
MARANTA LONGISCAPA (sp. nov.); caule recto, humili, simplici vel e basi tuberosà ramoso;
foliis homotropis in vaginá sessilibus vel brevissime petiolatis, vaginis amplis apice
sepe breviter aurieulatis, dorso pubescentibus vel pubescenti-hirsutis, intus fere
glabris; articulo brevissimo, facie ad axin spectante villosulo; laminá lanceolatá vel
ovato-lanceolatá, breviter acuminata, insequilaterá, apice subrectá ; costa media, facie
inferiore pubescente exempta, fere glabra; inflorescentize rhachide gracili, erectá, folia
pluries excedente, puberulà vel breviter pilosà; bracteis internodia excedentibus vel
«equantibus vel quam ea paullo brevioribus, oblongo-ovatis, plerisque apice late trun-
catis, nonnunquam emarginatis, rhachidem laxe amplectentibus, membranaceis,
minute pubescentibus puberulisve ; sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis, acutiusculis, apice
decoloribus; corolle tubo sepala subeequante, sursum ampliato; staminodiis
externis obovato-oblongis, obtusis, fere «equilongis; staminodio calloso quam stami-
nodium cueullatum paullo longiore, auriculá obtriangulari; ovario albide sericeo-
tomentoso.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 487
Hab. Reperi in ripá fl. Paraguay prope Santa Cruz mens. Oct. florentem. (Nn. 489,
631.)
Sepala lanceolata, 2:5-3:0 em. long., 5-nervia, apice 1-nervia. Corolle tubus 0°25 cm.
long., sub limbo 01 em. lat. (basi vix 0°05 em.). Tuber, ex schedis meis
anguste ovoideum, siccum potius videtur oblongum, tunicis ovatis, acuminatis,
imbricatis, fragilibus, vivis pallide bruneis obtectum, radices plagiotropicas,
radicillos perbreves ferentes, vel fere omnino simplices emittens. Caules usque
ad 10°0 em. alt, sspe vero humiliores. Vaginze caulem occludentes sursum
gradatim elongate, usque ad 8:0 em. long., apice integrz vel brevissime bifide,
nonnunquam mucronulatz. Foliorum vaginæ explanate 0:8-vix 1:0 em. lat., in
margine plus minus villosulo-ciliatee; articulus 0:1 cm. long. (folii unici vero
0:3 em.); petiolus plerumque 0:1 cm. long. (folii unici 1:0 cm. long.); lamina ad
9:5 em. long., mediocres circa 7:0 cm., medio ad 3:0 cm. diam. (plerumque vero
angustior); costa media basi inordinate incrassata, cito attenuata. Inflorescentice
rhachidis usque ad 25:0 em. long., 0°75-1:0 cm. lat. Bracteze 1:2-2:'6 em. long.,
superiores gradatim imminutee, imá basi pubescentes vel hirsutulee, rarius puberulee
vel glabree. Pedicelli pæne omnino glabri. Flores albi; staminodia purpureo- et
luteo-maculata. Sepala 2:5-3:0 cm. long., 5-nervia, apice 1-nervia. Corollze tubus
0:25 em. long., sub limbo 0:1 em. lat. (basi vix 0°05 em.). Staminodia externa 0°5
em. long., 0°25 cm. lat. Staminodium callosum 0:35 em. long., ecallosum, trilobum,
lobo medio majore, lobis lateralibus zequalibus. Staminodium cucullatum lineari-
lanceolatum, aurieulà 0:2 em. long. appendiculatum. Antherze oblongze, brevissime
mucronulate, 0'1 cm. long. Ovarium triquetrum vel subanceps, 0:2 em. long.
Stylus incrassatus. Stigma securiforme.
Maranta bicolor, Ker, quam planta nostra de habitu necnon signis aliis levioris momenti
aliquanto simulat, foliorum articulos multo majores, spicas breves paucifloras, bracteas
longiores acutas nee amplas et apice truncatas, pedicellos pubescentes, corollae majoris
tubum triplo latiorem ostendit. [ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana. |
THALIA GENICULATA, Linn. Sp. PI. ed. I. p. 1193.
Hab. In paludosis prope Corumbá mens. Jan. floret. (N. 909.) [Amer. Trop. et
Subtrop., Ind. Occ.)
CALATHEA ($ DisticH®) SUBTILIS (sp. nov.); caule brevissimo, vaginis aphyllis paucis
ensiformibus obtecto; foliorum basalium vaginis laminam haud attingentibus
sat latis, apiee nonnunquam breviter auriculatis, margine hyalinis, glabris; petiolis
gracilibus, glabris; articulo perbrevi, latere ad axin spectante villosulo; laminá
lanceolato-oblonga, basi rotundatá, apice breviter acuminatá, tenuiter membranaceá,
glabra; scapo elongato, tenui, sub apice obscure pilosulo; inflorescentiá folio eujus
lamina foliorum basalium laminam sat simulat suffultà, brevi; pedunculo gracili
pilosulo incluso quam folium suffuleiens 21-plo breviore; spicis abbreviatis ovatis ;
braeteis stricte distichis, late rotundato-ovatis, obtusissimis, seepe cuspidulatis, deli-
488 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
catulis ; sepalis late lineari-oblongis, obtusissimis, corollam fere duplo excedentibus ;
corolke tubo brevi ac comparative lato, antherá inappendiculatà; ovario turbinato,
glabro.
Hab. Crescit in sylvestribus ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, ubi
mens. Dec. floret. (N. 814.)
Rhizoma tenue, in sicco tortum, radices sat crassas emittens. Vaginæ caulem circa 1:0
em. alt. occludentes, usque ad 9:0 em. long., inferiores vero multo minores, obtuse,
obsolete puberule margine hyalinz. Foliorum basalium vagin:e usque ad 16:0 cm.
long. explanate 0'8 cm. lat., sursum coarctatee, subtiliter nervosee, tenuiter mem-
branacez; petiolus supra vaginam 1:0-5:5 em. long., facie superiore canaliculatus ;
articulus 0:1-0:2 em. long. nec ultra 0:2 em. diam.; lamina ad 15:0 em. long.,
medio vix 3:5 em. lat. imá basi breviter villosula, costa media subtus eminente.
Folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis petiolus 25:0 cm. long., 0'2 cm. diam., ejus
vagina brevis, 2:5 em. long. medio 0°6 cm, lat., utrinque angustata; petiolus
vix 03 em. long. articulo ter longior; lamina 14:0 cm. long., 40 cm. lat.
Inflorescentia tota 5-4 cm. long. spica ipsa modo 2:0 cm., nutans. Flores et
bracteze albidee, dilutissime virescentes. | Bractes circa 1-1 em. long. et lat. ; sepala
totidem longitudine. Corolla 0:6-0'7 cm. long.; tubus vix 0°2 em. long. et: 0:12
cm. lat. Petala lanceolata, obtusa, apice indurata, 0'5 cm. long. — Anthera 0:2 cm.
long.; connectivus apice incrassatus. Staminodium externum obovatum, emargi-
natum, erosum, 0:1 em. long. Ovarium 0:15 cm. long.
Speciebus ab omnibus hujus sectionis hucusque cognitis abhorret, przeter signa alia,
spicis abbreviatis nec ultra 2:0 cm. longis. |Amazonia, Guiana, Columbia, Amer. Centr. |
CALATHEA ($ NUDISCAPJE) PRACOX (sp. nov.); foliorum laminá oblongo-oblanceolata,
insequilaterà, basi sensim angustatá, apice acuminata, supra fere omnino glabra,
subtus minute puberulá, usque vel pæne ad articulum vaginatà ; articulo brevi,
facie superiore pubescente; scapo paullo preecoce, foliis multoties breviore, basi
vaginis aphyllis ensiformibus plus minus elongatis cincto, sat valido, pubescente ;
spicà oblongà vel ovato-oblongá, nonnunquam fere subsessili, paucibracteata ;
bracteis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, extus et dimidio superiore intus
pubescenti-pilosulis; floribus longe exsertis; sepalis linearibus, obtusis; coroll:
tubo sepalis plus quam 9-plo longiore; staminodio externo apice acutato, margine
undulato ; staminodio calloso late oblongo, obtusissimo, deorsum uno latere auricu-
lato, obscure calloso; staminodio cucullato obtuso, auriculà anguste oblonga aucto ;
stamine fertili appendice petaloideà aucto; anther’ anguste lineari-aeutá ; stylo
maxime incrassato, stigmate aratriformi.
Hab. In ripà fl. Paraguay juxta Santa Cruz reperi mens. Oct. florentem. (N. 495.)
Tubera nune subspheeroidea, nunc oblonga, viva pallide brunea, L0 cm. long. vel
| ultra, radices pluries parce ramosas emittentia. Foliorum vaginse nunc elongate
(usque ad 12:0 em. long.), nune perbreves (nee 3:0 cm.), explanatee 0:3-1:0 em. lat.,
in sicco brunes; articulus 0:2-0'4 cm. long., aliquando fere obsoletus, tenuis.
Laminz modiez circa 12:0 cm. long., raro usque ad 20:0 cm.; costa media supra
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 489
impressa, subtus eminens. Vaginse scapum cingentes superiores majores usque ad
7:0-10:0 em. long. pertinentes, dorso ssepe villosulz vel pubescentes. Scapus ad
5:5 em. long., 015-0'2 cm. diam., ipsá sub spicà parum incrassatus. Spica absque
floribus 3:0-4:0 em. long., 2:0-3:0 cm. lat. Bracteze modiez 3:0 em. long., et 1:2
cm. lat., vivee dilute puniceze. Flores albi. Sepala 1:13 cm. long. Corolle tubus
fere 4°0 cm. long., circa 0°1 em. lat., apice paullulum ampliatus. Petala lanceolata,
breviter acuminata, circa 1:5 cm. long. Staminodium externum 2:0 cm. long., vix
0:8 cm. lat. Staminodium callosum 17 em. long. Staminodium cucullatum
0:5 cm. long., auriculá 0:13 cm. long. Anthera 0'3 em. long. Stigma 0:25 cm.
long.
A Calatheá Mansonis, Koern., differt, preeter alia, spicis preecocibus, vaginis aphyllis,
folis multoties minoribus brevius ae inconspicue articulatis, bracteis angustioribus
pubescenti-pilosulis, tubo corollæ longiore. [Amazonia, Guiana, Bolivia. ]
CALATHEA ($ SCAPIFOLIZ) HUMILIS (sp. nov.); breviter caulescens, foliis caulinis basi
a vaginis parvis aphyllis ensiformibus cinctis; petiolo gracili, anguste vaginato ;
artieulo brevi, glabro; laminà e basi rotundatà levissime cordatá, ovato-lanceolata,
acuminatá, fere omnino glabra; folii inflorescentiam suffulcientis vaginá brevi satis
latà, ad artieulum haud pertinente, puberulà; petiolo ultra vaginam perbrevi;
artieulo puberulo; lamina ei folii caulini subsimili nisi minore; inflorescentiá
pedunculata, obovata ; pedunculo erecto, tenui, puberulo; floribus breviter exsertis ;
bracteis nunc ovatis, nunc ovato- vel lanceolato- vel late lineari-oblongis, breviter
acuminatis, puberulis; corollee tubo sepalis nune duplo, nunc paullo longiore:
staminodio externo margine eroso quam cucullatum 3-plo longiore ; ovario glabro.
Hab. Florescit ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 796.)
Caulis rectus, 6:0 cm. long., 0:5 cm. diam., obsolete pruinosus; internodia pleraque 0'4-
0:5 em. long., passim radicifera, radicibus simplicibus orthotropicis vel plagiotropicis.
Vaginee aphyllze vix ad 8:0 em. long. et 0°5 em. lat., obtusz vel breviter acuminate,
puberulee. Folii caulini petiolus totus 8'8 cm. long., vaginà 4'0 cm. long., tortà ;
articulus 0:4 cm. long., lateraliter compressus; lamina 13:0 cm. long. juxta
medium 4°0 cm. lat., tenuiter membranacea; costa media supra deorsum paullulum
canaliculata, mox subplana, subtus eminens, basique ipsá incrassata. Folii inflores-
centiam suffulcientis vagina 0°23 cm. long., sursum gradatim coarctata, explanata
vix 0'5 cm. lat.; petiolus ultra vaginam 0:25 em. procurrit; articulus 0:3 cm. long. ;
lamina 9:0 em. lou Pedunculus 2'0 cm. long., superne leviter amplificatus. Spica
semel ramosa, 3:5 cm. long., 2:0 em. lat. Bractee 2:0-vix 2:5 cm. long., 0:35-0:8
em. lat., crebre nervosee, membranacez, margine hyalinz. Flores cyanei vel coerulei
(mea in schedulá * flowers blue" scribebam). Sepala anguste linearia, longe acumi-
nata, 0:8 em. long. Corolle tubus angustus 1:0-vix 1:5 cm. long., 0:1 em. lat. Petala
lanceolata, truncata, 0'5 cm. long. Staminodium externum 0:5 cm. long. Stami-
nodium cucullatum 0°15 em. long., breviter auriculatum. Anthera 0:2 cm. long.,
ejus connectivus ultra loculos breviter acuminatus. Stylus paullo incrassatus.
Stigma 0:2 em. long., clavatum.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3s
490 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Mihi videtur species cum Calatheá Eichleri, Petersen, conferenda, primo obtutu vero
ab eá secernenda habitu humili, foliis multo minoribus, petiolis longe evaginatis, necnon
spicis et floribus multo minoribus. [Bras. Or.]
BROMELIACE.
BROMELIA SYLVICOLA (sp. nov.); foliis super vaginam petiolum haud formantibus ;
inflorescentià abbreviatà, anguste paniculatá; bracteis primariis elongatis, bracteis
IT. ordinis sepalis subsimilibus, oblongis, obtusis, integris vel oblique erosis, obsolete
albo-tomentellis, nonnunquam fere glabris; sepalis liberis, erectis, dorso carinatis,
late lineari-oblongis, obtusis vel obtusissimis vel truncato-emarginatis, 06-1-2 cm.
long.; petalis breviter connatis, obsolete puberulis; ovario dense albide floccoso-
tomentoso. |
Hab. Crescit in sylvá ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, ubi mens.
Oct. floret. (N. 489.)
Acaulescens. Folia basalia rosulata, ascendenti-patula, trimetralia, anguste linearia.
superne valde ae longissime attenuata, deorsum vix 2:5 em. lat., apicem versus ad
0'3 em. angustata, margine aculeis parvis subdebilibus nec ultra 0:8 cm. long.,
antrorsum leviter curvatis, apice ipso deficientibus instructa, supra viridibus, subtus
pallidis ibique passim minute albido-lepidotis. Folia interiora exterioribus sat
similia nisi minora (mediocria circa 40:0 cm. long. et 0/7 cm. lat.) viva rubra,
albido-lepidota, vaginis obovato-oblongis, sursum aculeigeris, extus albido-lepidotis,
3:0 cm. lat. fulta. Inflorescentisz axis primarius albo-floccosus, circa 15:0 em. long.
et 0°8 em. diam., foliis folia interiora simulantibus nisi iis minoribus deorsum laxius-
eule instructus, superne ramulos breves florigeros albo- vel lutescenti-bruneo-
floccosos gerens. Bractez primarie ample vaginatee, inferiores longilaminifere,
superiores laminá brevi coronatze, summe perbreviter laminiferze neque usquam ad
vaginas meras, ut in B. reversacantha, Mez, reductee, prsesertim summ:e albo-
floecosz, debiliter aculeoligerze. Bracteze II. ordinis sepalis subsimiles, diverse
magnitudinis, nunc ovarium facile excedentes, nunc eo manifeste breviores,
mediocres 1:0 cm. long., circa 0:35 em. lat., papyraceze, albe. Flores brevissime
pedicellati, pro genere parvi, ovario incluso vix 3:0 em. attingentes. Sepala alba,
` papyracea, basi manifeste, sursum leevius albo-floccosa, deorsum paullulum imbricata,
ceterum aperta, latá basi inserta, inde vix angustata, parum curvata, circa 1:0 cm.
long. Petala purpurea, oblongo-oblanceolata, obtusa, submembranacea, apice
carnosula, 1:5-2:0 em. long., 0:5 em. lat., eligulata. Stamina petalis paullo breviora,
filamenta deorsum in tubum 0:3 cm. alt. eum petalis connata. Antherz 0:7 em.
long., anguste lineares, apice acutatee, dorsifixe. Ovarium anguste oblongum,
trigonum, dense albo vel dilutissime bruneo-floecosum. Stylus medium anthe-
vise: attingens, triqueter, 0-1 cm. lat. Stigmatis lobi 0:23 cm. long., apice
obtusi.
-Bromelie reversacanthe, Mez, arcte affinis, cujus flores, ut ex descriptione optima
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 491
patet, sat similes, stirps nostra equidem certe distincta, presertim foliis nec reverse
aculeatis interioribus in scapo positis, maxime elongatis nee parvis, bractearum
primariarum formá dispari, sepalorum et petalorum ambitu, antheris et stigmatis lobis
longioribus. [Distrib. ?]
ANANAS SATIVUS, Schult. fil. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii. p. 1283. Var. MICRO-
STACHYS, Mez.
Hab. Frequens in sylvis juxta Santa Cruz et alibi in provinciá ; floret menss. Oct.—
Nov. (N. 412.)
Folia maxima biorgyalia, prima zetate rubra, dein viridia. Scapi ultrametrales. Flores
dilute purpurei. [Bras. Or., Goyaz ?]
JECHMEA BROMELLEFOLIA, Baker, ex Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. p. 664.
Hab. Legi in sylvà primeevá ad Santa Cruz mens. Sept. (N. 347.)
Folia maxima 3-metralia, supra saturate viridia, subtus glauca. [Amer. Austr.
Trop., Ins. Trinitatis. |
TILLANDSIA STREPTOCARPA, Baker, in Journ. of Bot. 1887, p. 175.
Hab. Juxta Corumbá florebat mens. Jan. (N. 944.) [Bras. Or., Paraguaria.]
TILLANDSIA ($ DIAPHORANTHEMA) ATRICHOIDES (sp. nov.) ; caulibus ceespitosis, brevibus ;
folis parvis, lineari-subulatis, basi breviter vaginantibus, nune obtusiusculis, nune
acutis vel acuminatis, dense argenteo-lepidotis; pedunculis tenuibus, quam caules
21-plo longioribus; vaginis 4-5, parvis, argenteo-lepidotis, totâ longitudine occlusis ;
spicis 2-4-floris; floribus in rhachide brevi paullo undulata congestis ; bracteis ovatis
acutis, argenteo-lepidotis; sepalis late oblongis, acutis vel obtusis, bracteas paullo
excedentibus ; capsulá cylindrica, bracteas 3-plo superante.
Hab. Inveni super arborem ignotam vigentem inter Corumba et Ladario, mens. Jan.
(N. 1046.)
Caules circa 1:5 cm. long., foliis pluribus imbricantibus obtecti. Folia ad 2:5 cm. long.,
basi 0:13 cm. (vel ultra) lat., superne ad 0:03 cm. attenuata, triente inferiore (vel
minus) concava, sursum subteretia, lepidibus parvis subfurfuraceis recurvis dense
obsita. Vagine oblongo-lanceolatee, obtusiusculee, ample, quam folia minus lepi-
dote. Pedunculi ad 4:0 cm. long., leviter undulati. Bracteæ 0°5 cm. long.,
in longitudinem nervose. Sepala bracteas circa 0'15-0:2 cm. superantia, polita,
levissime lepidota, crebre nervosa. Petala ignota. | Capsula vix 2:0 cm. long.,
valvis breviter mucronatis politis minutissime lepidotis.
T. loliacea, Mart. (T. undulata, Baker), cui maxime affinis, foliis majoribus (longiori-
bus ac latioribus), spicis comparative laxifloris et plurifloris, bracteis rigidioribus, neenon
capsulis longioribus et comparative angustioribus gaudet. [Bras. Or., Paraguaria.]
VRIESEA SANCTH-CRUCIS (sp. nov.); foliis exterioribus circa 30 rosulatis, mediocribus,
basi ovato-lanceolatis, sursum lineari-setaceis, acuminatis, arcte et minute lepidotis,
38 2
492
MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
coriaceis; pedunculo foliis breviore, deorsum folia interiora elongata foliis exterioribus
subconformia etsi basi angustiora, sursum in vaginas parvas amplas transeuntia,
ferente; spicis pauci- vel plurifloris quam folia brevioribus, simplicibus vel
subsimplicibus; bracteis lanceolato-ovatis, acuminatis; sepalis bracteam paullo
superantibus; petalis calycem 3-plo excedentibus, lingulatis; capsulà bracteam
21-plo excedente.
Hab. Crescit super arborem ignotam juxta Santa Cruz, ubi flores et fructus simul
tulit mens. Sept. (N. 361.)
Radices tenues, fibratee, undulatee, cineres, polite, dense aggregate. Caules circa
8:0-40 em. long. Foliorum exteriorum basis expansa circa 4°5 cm. long. et
2:0 cm. lat.; lamina circa 9:0-12:0 cm. long., fol. inferiorum 1:0-2:0 em. long.,
fol. infimorum paucorum evanida vel fere evanida, sursum ad 0:1 vel 0:2 cm.
angustata ibique curvata, folia omnia lepidibus brevibus argenteis densissime
obtecta. Folia interiora inferiora usque ad 28:0 cm. long., 2:5-3'0 em. lat., sursum
ad 0:1-0:2 em. coarctata, coriacea, basi ipsà polita et quodammodo decoloria; vaginse
circa 2*0 em. long., pergameze, una cum foliis interioribus laxe imbricatee. Pedunculi
exempl. florigeri circa 12:0 cm. long., exempl. fructificantis 18:0 cm., punicei.
Spica exempl. florigeri 4-flora, 4°5 cm. long., exempl. fructificantis pluriflora et
12-0 cm. long., leviter flexuosa, angulata, punicea. Flores subconferti. Bracteze
puniceze, circa 3:0 em. long., firme, nervosee, minute lepidotee. Sepala 2:0-2:5 cm.
long., acuta, lepidota. Flores evanescentes cyanei vel purpureo-cyanei fuisse
videbantur. Capsule 6:0-7:0 cm. long., valvis mucronato-acutatis firmis nervosis
leviter curvatis. Semina 5:0 em. long., apice capillis albis vix zequilongis instructa.
Speciem certe ad Vrieseam corcovadensem, Mez, spectantem et reverá juxta illam
intercalandam primo obtutu agnoscere potes, prseter alia, foliis minoribus, conspicuius
lepidotis, sursum majus attenuatis, et bracteis paullo minoribus, lepidotis nec politis.
[ Bras. Or.]
Hujus ordinis, sed quoad genus dubium, etsi forsitan Quesnelia vel Billbergia species,
exstat insequens :— Bromeliacea arboricola: foliis magnivaginatis, apice in petiolum
non attenuatis, laminà anguste lineari vel ensiformi, subito vel sensim acuminata,
margine crebre ac breviter aculeolatá, minute albido-lepidotá, vaginá haud exemptá
usque ad 50:0 em. long. (foliorum exteriorum vero lamina multo minor); pedunculo
gracili folia excedente, vaginis sparsis laxis ad 11:0 cm. long. (plerumque vero
brevioribus) instructo ; spicà 5'0 em. long.; bracteis infimis vaginis subsimilibus
lineari-lanceolatis, bracteis superioribus multo minoribus; sepalis oblongis, obtusis,
1:0 em. long., pubescentibus ; ovario cylindrico, circa 1'0 em. long., albo-pruinoso.
Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Inveni juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. floribus jam dilapsis. (N. 347 a.)
This is another myrmecophilous plant, and I was well stung while securing it. The
ants live in the spaces between the wide loosely-imbricated leaf-sheaths, which latter they
occasionally pierce.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 493
IRIDEJE.
SPHENOSTIGMA GRAMINEUM (sp.nov.); bulbo globoso tunicis tenuibus in sicco fusco-
purpureo-nigris dense obtecto, vaginis paucis brevibus scariosis coronato; foliis
radicalibus elongatis equitantibus anguste-linearibus, apice aeuminatis; caule infra
inflorescentiam 9:0-23:0 cm. long. erecto gracili, folio spatham suffulciente foliis
radicalibus simili nisi plerumque latiore ; inflorescentiá abbreviatá, angustá, pauci-
furcatá, basi szepe folio parvo (interdum foliis duobus), spathee pari, instructá ; spathze
valvulis mediocribus, lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, l-floris ; antheris lineari-
oblongis quam filamenta a basi libera 3-plo brevioribus; styli ramis obsphenoideis,
emarginatis.
Hab. Viget juxta Santa Cruz, ubi reperi mens. Dec. (N. 732.)
Bulbus 1:0-1:3 cm. lat, vix totidem long., radices ex eo nascentes debiles, nec ultra
20 cm. long. Folia radicalia 16:0-35:0 em. long., 0:2 em. lat., anguste vaginata,
vaginis tenuiter membranaceis, margine hyalinis, subtiliter purpureo-maeulatis,
explanatis 0'4 em. lat., sursum angustatis. Folium inflorescentiam suffulciens non
ultra 28:0 cm. long. (solemniter brevius), 0:4—0:5 em. lat., basi margine hyalinum.
Inflorescentia ad 3:0 cm. long. Valvulee spathze 2:0-3:0 cm. long., medio 077 cm. lat.,
margine hyaline. Pedicelli 07 cm. long., superne paullo ampliati. Flores circa
9:0 cm. diam., cyanei. Perianthii segmenta basi brevissime connata, externa
oblonga, 1:4 em. long., 0:45 cm. lat., duplo breviora, late linearia, basi (ex schedis
meis) leviter luteo-cristata. Filamenta 0:2 cm., anthere 0'3 cm. long. Stylus
0:75 em. long., complanatus, rami 0:05 em. long. Capsula nondum matura lineari-
oblonga, basi coarctata, 0*6 em. long., 0:13 cm. lat.
Forsitan accedens ad S. geniculatum, Klatt, plantam mihi non obviam, cujus folia
longiora, caulis apice geniculatus, inflorescentia tribus foliis parvis suffulta, spatha
3-flora, pedicelli multo longiores, perianthium violaceum, necnon styli rami bifidi.
{Matto Grosso. |
ZYGELLA, Iridearum, e tribu Morearum gen. nov. (Tab. XXXIV. figg. 1-13.)
Gen. char. :—Flores actinomorphi. Perianthii segmenta in tubum brevissimá basi
connata, unguiculata, segmenta interiora minora integra. Stamina segmentis
exterioribus antiposita et juxta basin perianthii iisdem inserta; filamenta filiformia,
libera, basi ipsá dilatata ; antherze oblong, basi sagittatee, connectivus excurrens
laminis duabus coronatus. Ovarium 3-loculare, obtusum, scilicet Laud in rostrum
productum; ovula in loculis numerosa; stylus filamentis brevior, filiformis,
haud procul a basi semel trichotomus vel bis dichotomus, rami 3, erecti,
filiformes, staminibus antipositi; stigmata supra antheras lamelliformia, alte
biloba. Capsula parva, elongato-ovoidea, apice truncata, breviter loculicide
3-valvis. Semina minuta, alá sat magni’ instructa. Habitus Calydoree, Herb.
Bulbus tunicatus. Folia radicalia pauca, angusta, equitantia, floralia 1-2 miuora.
Spathz pauce; valvule anguste, inferior quam superior brevior, sessiles vel
494. MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
pedunculatee. Flores parvi, intra spatham solitarii vel bini, pedicellati. Capsula e
spathà exserta.
Genus memoratu dignum, habitu ad Calydoream accedens, ab eà vero abhorret, prseter
alia, styli ramis longe disparibus (itaque generibus ab omnibus e tribu Sisyrinchiearum
stylis staminibus antipositis). Ob antherarum appendices singulares plane diversa
videtur ab omnibus Morearum, quarum habitus insuper plus minus alienus.
ZYGELLA GRAMINEA (sp. nov.); bulbo subgloboso, parvo, tunicis bruneis in collum
supra bulbum longiuscule productum dense obtecto; foliis radicalibus anguste
linearibus, acuminatis, satis ample vaginatis, nune elongatis, nune brevibus, non-
nunquam ad vaginam meram fere vel omnino reductis; caule breviusculo vel sat
elato, gracili; foliis floralibus majoribus solemniter florem infimum suffulcientibus
foliis radicalibus subsimilibus ; pedunculis gracilibus; spatharum valvulis lanceo-
latis, valvulà inferiore acutá, superiore pedicello arcte circumvoluto truncata ;
perianthii segmentis spathulari-obovatis obtusis, antheris filamentis «equilongis;
stylo filamentis fere 2-plo breviore, ramis sursum ampliatis.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. florescit. (N. 733.)
Bulbus circa 1-0 em. long. et lat., basi parce radicifera, radices debiles, simplices, rarius
breviter ramos. ; collum 1:0-1:5 cm. long. Folia radicalia majora 8:0-12:0 cm. long.,
01-0'15 cm. lat, vagine ad 0'3 cm. lat., sursum angustate, scariosee. Caulis
infra folia floralia ad 24-0 em. alt., modicus circa 16:0 cm., erectus, ad 0'1 em. diam.,
apice leviter geniculatus. Folia floralia 5:0-9:0 em. long., ad 0:2 cm. lat., basi sat
ample vaginata. Pedunculi usque ad 9:0 em. long. (plerique vero breviores), erecti.
Spathæ valvula inferior circa 1:5 cm., superior circa 2:5 em. long. Pedicelli ad
3'0 cm. long. Perianthii segmenta nunc cyanea, nunc ceerulea, basi dilute lutescenti-
viridia, ibidem purpureo-maculata, ad 0:1 cm. connata ; segmenta exteriora 1:5 cm.,
interiora 1:2 em. long. Filamenta 0:25 cm. long. Anthera tota 0'4 cm. long.
Pollinis grana globosa, tuberculata. Stylus vix 0-2 cm. long., imá basi leviter
incrassatus, rami quam ipse 2-21-plo longiores; lamellae 0°15 em. long. Capsula
ad 0:5 cm., extra spatham exserta, 0°5 em. long. vix 03 em. lat, ejus valve
obtuse, modo 0-1 em. long. Semina tota 0:075 cm. long. ovoidea, brunea, alá quam
corpus ipsum seminis 23-plo longiore appendiculata.
This is a curious genus, apparently not very closely allied to any other. In habit and
floral structure it is unlike most genera of Moraee, coming closest probably, in these
respects, to Alophia. The habit is that of the subtribe Cipurese of Sisyrinchiee, the
distinctively American portion of the order, so much so, indeed, that the plant might easily
be mistaken for a species of one of that subtribe’s genera until dissection should reveal the
difference. From all these genera Zygella is at once distinguished by its curious stamens,
and, among them, Nemastylis alone has divided style-arms, but style-arms which are
subulate and quite unlike the lamelliform organs of Zygella. "There can, I think, be no
reason to doubt our plant’s claim as being an example of a new genus, which seems to
connect in some measure the two tribes Moreee and Sisyrinchiew, since it unites in itself
. the anti-staminal style-arms of the former and the habit of the latter tribe—hence its
proposed name, from ¿¿yów, to join together.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 495
In the figures of Tab. XXXIV. the anthers are shown as quite free from the style-arms,
and I believe this to be the case with fresh flowers, as I distinctly remember collecting
some lrideous flowers with curious free staminal appendages. In the dried flower,
however, the anthers are each of them attached to its respective style by means of its
two appendages, which get squeezed against the two lamine—one against each lamella—
so that it is only by very careful dissection that the appendages ean be isolated: fig. 4
shows well the relation between anther and style-arm in a dried flower.
Zygella is somewhat peculiar in the structure of its leaf, inasmuch as, contrary to the
rule in Iridaces, the vascular bundles are not accompanied by sclerenchyme. Scleren-
chyme is found only at the four edges of the leaf (Tab. XXXIV. fig. 13), and there is an
interval between each of the masses of sclerenchyme and the nearest vascular bundle, an
interval occupied by resin-sacs. The epidermal cells are large and very thick-walled, the
inner wall also being greatly strengthened.
HYPOXIDEZ.
CURCULIGO ENSIFOLIA, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. xvii. p. 124.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Nov. (N. 735.) [Amer. Austr. Trop., Ind. Occ.]
AMARYLLIDE E.
ZEPHYRANTHES (S EUZEPHYRANTHES) LACTEA (sp. nov.); bulbo ovoideo, tunicis fusco-
bruneis dense obtecto, tunicis ad 2:0 em. long. ultra bulbum in collum eminentibus ;
foliis radicalibus elongatis, anguste linearibus, obtusis, tempore florendi prolatis ;
scapo gracili, raro deorsum ampliato; spatha oblonga 2:0—3:0 cm. long., more generis
apice bifida; pedunculo spatham nune zequante, nune quam ea longiore vel breviore,
gracili; floribus mediocribus; perianthii tubo brevissimo, lobis ovato-lanceolatis,
breviter acuminatis, inter se arcte applicatis, et ita tubum superne leviter ac gradatim
ad 0'5 cm. ampliatum mentientibus ; staminibus juxta basin tubi insertis, filamentis
complanatis tribus; perianthii segmentis interioribus antipositis ; longioribus
sequilongis, tribus brevioribus «equilongis ; stigmate insequaliter trifido.
Hab. Crescit in locis apertis ad Jangada, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 283.)
Bulbus 15 cm. diam., 1:0 em. long., collum solemniter 1:0-2:0 cm. long. et 0:7-0:9
cm. diam. Folia radicalia 8:0—14-0 cm. long., nonnunquam basi attenuata, 0:2-0:3
em. lat. Scapus usque ad spatham 6:0-16:0 em. long., sub spathá levissime ampliatus
ibique floribus dilapsis incrassatus. Spatha usque ad 3:0 em. long., sublaxa, circa
ad 0:5 em. bifida. Pedunculus 2:0-5:0 cm. long. tenuis vel satis incrassatus.
Flores albi. Flos totus 4'5 em. long., vix 3:0 em. diam. Perianthii tubus 0*4 cm.
long., annulo squamarum parvarum laceratarum auctus. Anthere anguste lineares,
1:2 cm. long. Filamenta breviora 0:5 cm. long., longiora 29:0 em. Stylus 1:8-21
em. long., rami 0:15 cm. long.
A Z. cearensi, Baker, abhorret floribus majoribus albis, perianthii tubo squamato,
staminibus multo majoribus insequialtis, etc. [ Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
496 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
HIPPEASTRUM SOLANDRIFLORUM, Herb. App. p. 31.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 658.) [Amer. Austr. Trop. |
DIOSCOREX.
DIOSCOREA, sp. Volubilis, glabra, caule subtetragono, 0:15 cm. diam.; foliis petiolatis,
petiolis 6:5—7:5 em. long. fultis, profunde cordatis, breviter cuspidato-acuminatis,
7:0-10:0 em. long., basi 7:0-10:0 em. lat., tenuiter membranaceis, supra viridibus,
subtus vivis lepide purpureis, 7-nervibus, nervis externis aperte arcuatis, nervo
posteriore mox bifurco, nervis internis oblique-ascendentibus in acumen 0°5-0°7 em.
long. excurrentibus. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Crescit juxta Corumbá. (N. 982 a.)
DIOSCOREÆ ($ HELMLE) species indeterminabilis: caule volubili, subtetragono, glabro;
foliis petiolis 4-angularibus, utrinque leviter incrassatis ibique subobsolete pruinosis,
40-50 em. long. insidentibus; laminis cordatis, lateribus approximatis, acutis,
leviter undulatis, 7:5-9:0 cm. long., basi 7:5 cm. lat., coriaceo-membranaceis, utrinque
viridibus, 7-nervibus, nervo postico mox trifurcato, nervibus lateralibus anticis
erecto-ascendentibus, posticis late arcuatis ; capsulis oblongis, loculis complanatis,
coriaceo-membranaceis, in rhachide pendente debili 10:'0-15'0 cm. long. dispositis,
1'6-1:9 cm. long., 1'0 em. lat., glabris, in sicco lutescenti- vel bruneo-nitidis, non-
nunquam leucopheeis. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Crescit ad Corumbá, mens. Jan. fructificans. (N. 1088.)
SMILACE.;E.
SMILAX SYRINGOIDES, Griseb. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. pars i. p. 11.
Hab. Santa Cruz, ubi fructificat mens. Oct. (N. 362.)
Baccee subglobose, circa 0'7 cm. diam., vive lutes, siccæ purpureo-nigricantes.
[Bras. Or.]
SMILAX BENTHAMIANA, A. DC. Monog. Phan. i. p. 114.
Hab. Reperi ad Jangada mens. Sept. florentem. (N. 277.) [Amazonia.]
SMILAX ($ EUSMILAX) MEDICINALIS (sp. nov.); ramis gracilibus, brevibus, nitidis, parce
spinosis ; foliis brevipetiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, raro lanceolatis, basi plus minus
rotundatis, apice breviter mucronulatis; petiolis fere vel usque ad 1 vaginatis;
pedunculis masc. petiolos superantibus erectis; umbellis plurifloris; receptaculo
- globoso ; floribus parvis, petalis quam sepala angustioribus, antheris elongatis,
oblongis, acutis; fl. fem. ignotis.
Hab. Crescit in sepibus ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Sept. floret (N. 305.)
Rami parum undulati, divergentes, obtuse polygoni, juveniles fere quadrangulares,
striatuli, spinis fere rectis 0°3~-0°5 em. long. lateraliter compressis obsiti. Petioli
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 497
0:5-1:0 em. long., nunc valide, nunc debiliter cirrhiferi, nunc cirrhis nascentibus
aculeatis vel lenibus ivstructi, raro calvi, apicem versus paullo incrassati, infra
apicem rumpentes. Laminæ juniores 5:0-6:0 em. et vetustiores 7:0—9:5 em. long.,
2:0-4:5 em. lat., margine cartilagineo plus minus undulato, breviter ac parce spinuloso
vel espinoso, coriacew, a basi 7-nervize; nervis in petiolum decurrentibus, nervo
medio dorso nonnunquam spina brevi aucto, nervulis maxime eminentibus. Pedun-
culi masc. omnes petiolos superantes, 1:0-2:0 em. long., tenues. Umbellz plerzeque
circa 25-40-flore. Receptaculum 0-4 em. lat., bracteolis ovatis acuminatis in-
structum. Pedicelli circa 1:0 em. long., gracillimi. Alabastra parva, ovoidea, vix
ultra 0°1 cm. long. Flores virescentes. Sepala oblonga, obtusiuscula, 0°12 cm.
long., cum petalis oblongis paullo angustioribus patentia. Stamina sepalis 3 breviora.
Antheree oblongze, acutatze, filamentis fere 3-plo longiores.
Species eerte cum Smilace polyanthd, Griseb., comparanda, eujus folia mimetica, sed
longius mucronulata nec unquam margine vel inferne spinosa. Rami vero plantee nostrae
spinosi, pedunculi graciles nec complanati, florum minorum sepala et petala disparia, et
antherze oblongze acutze (nec elliptieze). [Amazonia. |
Vicani plantam hane in usu habebant ut sanguinim puriorem reddat.
LILIACE®.
HERRERIA SALSAPARILHA, Mart. Reise Bras. ii. p. 545.
Hab. Legi ad Santa Cruz et alibi in vieinià mens. Oct.-Dec. floribus et fructibus
orbam. (N. 465.) [Bras. Or.]
Stirps apud incolas ad usum vice Smilacis speciebus variis.
PONTEDERIACE.E.
EICHHORNEA AZUREA, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 129.
Hab. Frequens et gregaria in fll. Paraguay, San Lorengo?, Cuyabá, et dos Bugres.
Nom. vernac. Camalote. (N. 842.) [Amer. Trop., Paraguaria. |
MAYACEA,
MAYACA SELLOWIANA, Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 32.
Hab. lncolit paludes in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada juxta Santa Anna da
Chapada, ubi mens. Aug. floret. (N. 113.) | Bras. Or., Amazonia, Paraguaria.]
ALISMACE.
ECHINODORUS PANICULATUS, Micheli, in DC. Monog, Phan. iii. p. 51,
Hab. Reperi prope Corumbá mens. Jan. florentem. (N. 969.) [Amer. Trop. Merid.,
Paraguaria. |
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3T
498 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
COMMELYNACE.E.
( Determ. cl. C. B. CLARKE.)
COMMELINA NUDIFLORA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 4.
Hab. Floret ed Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 545.) [Reg. calid. totius orbis.]
CoMMELINA SCHOMBURGKIANA, Klotzsch, in Schomb. Faun. et Fl. Guiana, p. 1064.
Hab. Santa Cruz; mens. Oct. floret. (N. 542.) [Guiana.]
COMMELINA VIRGINICA, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. p. 61.
Hab. Prope Corumbá et ad Jangada. (Nn. 282, 854 a.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
ANEILEMA SEMIFOLIATUM, C. B. Clarke; fere glabra, tuberibus anguste oblongis, caule
stricto erecto, nodis distantibus; foliis omnibus abbreviatis, sub-bracteiformibus ;
pedicellis 1-3-nis ex utráquáque bracteá unifloris, ceteroquin ut A. Schomburg-
kianum, Kunth.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Oct. floret. (N. 541.)
Tubera 0:4 cm. diam., circa ad 2:0 cm. long., parce radicifera. Culmi 30:0-40:0 cm.
long., lineá puberulá instructi, deorsum vix ad 0:4 cm. diam. Internodia inferiora
ad 10'0 em. long., modica circa 7:0 cm. Folia inferiora usque ad 3:5 em. long.,
1:5 em. lat., obtusa, marginibus basi fere connatis ; superiora vaginantia (seepissime
pedieellos amplectentia), apice spathaceo-fissa, in altero latere breviter lanceolata
aut fere ad vaginas abbreviata. Pedicelli vaginam duplo excedentes vel breviter
exserti, rarius subinclusi. Sepala 0:6 em. long., oblongo-lanceolata, viridia. Petala
vix sepalis zequilonga, purpurea. Stamina 3 fertilia, 3 sterilia, filamentis omnibus
dense barbatis. Capsula 0°65 em. long. 0:3 cm. lat., apice acuminata. Semina
uniseriata. [ Amazonia, Guiana. |
PALMA,
DEsMONCUS, sp. nov.; foli segmentis pluribus per acervos 1-3 approximatis vel
subdistantibus, basi subplanis, oblanceolatis, acutis vel obtusiusculis, nervo
medio eminente et utrinque spinis longiusculis debilibus 1—4 passim armato ; flagello
valido, deorsum aculeis elongatis, iis rhachidi insidentibus similibus, instructo,
spinarum juga 6 e basi incrassata triquetro-complanata ferente. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz satis abundat. (N. 5044.) Urubamba vicanorum.
Caudex scandens, aculeis rectis longis validis atratis instructus. Folia saltem 60°0 em.
long., incluso flagello circa 35:0 cm. attingente. Rhachis crassitie penne cervinze,
in sicco leviter trigona, aculeis rectis tenuibus acuminatis ad 3:5 em. long. obsita.
Segmenta admodum inzequalia, 7:5-13:0 cm. long., nune opposita vel subopposita,
nunc distantia, segmenta terminalia reliquis majora, aculei segmentorum plerique
0:9-1:4 cm. long., debiles, acuminati, atrati. Flagellum subtriquetrum, 0:13 cm.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 499
diam., spinarum jugum proximum fere 0°3 cm. lat., vix 3°5 cm. long., juga reliqua
vix 2:2 em. attingentia, jugum summum 1:0 em. long.
Forsitan juxta Desmoncum rudentum, Mart., interealandus, multis signis vero ab eo
abhorret.
AsTROCARYUM ? sp. Acaulescens, foliorum rhachide longe ac debiliter spinescenti, spinis
ad 6:0 em. long., atratis; foliis apice integris ibique ad 14:0 em. bilobis et in nervis
pagin:e superioris appresse spinuliferis, segmentis pluribus per acervos 1-2 sub-
distantes anguste linearibus, breviter acuminatis, nervo medio sat eminente, subtus
minute albido-lepidotis, pagina superiore raro spiniferis, margine revoluto, spinis vix
unquam ultra 1:0 cm. long. atratis instructis.
Hab. Frequens ad Santa Cruz. (N. 5040.)
Cocos, sp. Caudice gracili, humili, paullo ultrametrali ; foliis basi rectis, dein patulis,
metralibus, segmentis anguste linearibus, acuminatis, pene usque ad 30:0 cm. long.,
0:45-0°7 cm. lat., per acervos solemniter 3-4 approximatis ; petiolo ancipite,
facie superiore plano, dorso elevato, in medio 1:0 em. lat.; costá superne leviter ac
eradatim angustatá, presertim sursum sordide albo-lepidotá, spadice pedunculata
fructiferá 20:0 cm. long.; rhachide dorsiventrali petiolum. subequante, ramos
secundos densifructiferos, rigidos, anfractos sustinente ; drupà oblonga, 4°0 em. long.,
1:7 em. lat., apice obtusà. Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Reperi ad ripas fl. dos Bugres mens. Oct. (N. 427.)
DrPLOTHEMIUM JANGADENSE (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXVI.); foliis patulis, paucis, segmentis
per acervos 1-3 distantes rhachidi late canaliculatee subopposite vel distanter
insertis, linearibus, longe ac gradatim acuminatis, glaucescentibus; spathá ovato-
lanceolatá, sursum obtuse angustatà ; spadice longissime pedunculata, parte
florigerá quam spatha saltem $-plo breviore, anguste fusiformi, deorsum latiore, et
androgyná sursum tenuiore et masculá parte androgyná quam pars mascula 1- fere
2-plo breviore; floribus evolutis utriusque sexús :zequilongis, saltem iis e parte
androgyná ortis, florum fem. seplis late linearibus vel lineari-spathulatis, in margine
breviter albido-papulosis ; staminibus 11 liberis, germinodio subnullo; drupá ignotá.
Hab. In sylvestribus ad Jangada, ubi spadices profert mens. Sept. (N. 269.)
Caudex 0. Folia ultra sesquimetralia petiolis validis 70:0 cm. long., 0'8 cm. lat., supra
late eanalieulatis, dorso rotundatis, glaucescentibus fulta; segmenta, saltem inferiora,
3570 em. long., 0:4-0-7 cm. lat., nonnunquam vero minora et angustiora (22-0 cm. long.,
modo 0:2 em. lat.) , apice quam maxime attenuata, margine cartilaginea, subtiliter
nervosa, subtus pallidiora ibique pruinoso-glaucescentia. Spadix usque ad 40:0 em.
alt., 0'4 cm. diam. ; pedunculus obtuse anceps, sursum ad 0°65 cm. diam. incrassatus,
pars florigera ad 0°8 em. long., basi circa 0'7 cm, diam., superne gradatim acuminata.
Spatha crassa, rigida, crebre nervosa, extus pallide virescens, intus castanea. Flores
evoluti 0°5 cm. long., florum fem. sepala et petala 0:45-0:5 em. long., sursum inflexa,
hæc late linearia, obtusa, valde incrassata, eximie nervosa. Antherz ad 03 em.
long., oblonge, rectze vel incurvee ; florum omnium a me serutatorum 11, filamenta
3T2
500 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
0:13 cm. long., basi incrassata, omnino libera. Florum fem. sepala et petala 0:5 em.
long., late ovata, hæc leviter triloba. Sepala florum utrisuque sexús margine papulis
albis, more Diplothemii leucocalycis, Drude, aliquatenus munita.
Sine dubio ad D. leucocalycem, Drude, spectat, plantam tantummodo icone et descrip-
tione optimá auctoris laudati mihi cognitam ; stirps nostra vero gaudet foliorum
segmentis multo longioribus, longe acuminatis, et comparative angustioribus, florum
masc. ll-androrum sepalis late linearibus vel lineari-spathulatis (nec rotundato-acutis),
ad marginem brevius papulosis, eorundem florum germinodio subnullo, etc. |Bras. Or. |
Fruits of the following Palms were also obtained and brought down :—
I. The Boriti or Buruty Palm, in all probability Mauritia vinifera, Mart. A useful
Palm for building purposes. The nut yields a good oil.
II. The Guacory Palm, Attalea sp., near A. Princeps, Mart., but differing somewhat in
shape and size of its drupes, which are nearly 8 em. long. by 4 broad. The fruit
differs from all described by Drude, and belongs in all probability to a new species.
The nut is edible and contains a good oil. The species placed next to 4. Princeps
by Drude, viz. 4. phalerata, Mart., is said by Weddell to have a wide distribution in
Matto Grosso, and one of its names, according to the same authority, is 4cur%,
evidently the same word as Guacory; but the fruits of A. phalerata are different
from those of the present plant.
III. The Bocaúba, Bocatva, or Mocaúva Palm. Probably Acrocomia sclerocarpa, Mart.,
but with some very slight differences in the fruit. Edible sarcocarp and nut, the latter
tasting like a Brazil nut and with much oil. One of the native names for A. sclero-
carpa is Macaúba, evidently the same word as the above.
IV. The Zocúm Palm. Probably Astrocaryum Tucuma, Mart., but with slightly different
drupe. Drupes edible and pleasant when quite ripe, though the flesh is stringy.
All the above fruit in November and December.
V. Euterpe precatoria, Mart. (N. 427 a.)
AROIDEA.
CALADIUM (§ nova, CALAMANDRA) HETEROTYPICUM (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXV. fig. 13);
foliorum petiolo folia subzequante, elongato, incrassato; laminá e basi truncatá vel
truncato-rotundatá, lanceolatá vel lineari-lanceolatá, longe ac sensim acuminata;
eostis secundariis utrinque 4-6, erecto-ascendentibus, juxta marginem aperte
arcuatis et intra marginem arcte approximatis ; nervis collectivis 2-3 e basi
nascentibus ; pedunculo petiolum subsequante ; spathe dilute viridis tubo amplo
sursum attenuato, laminà oblongá, obtusiusculá ; spadice spathze «equilongá vel
sub:zequilongáà, breviter stipitatá, inferne dorso spath:ze adnatá, prorsus lacteá, ad
+ totius longitudinis florum fem. gerente parte masculá parti sterili subeequilonga ;
ovario biloculari, ovulis quovis in loculo 3, fere e medio dissepimento ortis, omnibus
arrectis.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. florescentem. (N. 691.)
Tuber parvum, circa 2:0 cm. diam. Petioli 16:0-45'0 cm. long., basi longe vaginantes,
lamina usque ad 36:0 em. long., 3°5-10°0 em. lat. (modica 6:0-7:0 em.). Pedunculus
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 501
30:0-40:0 cm. long. Spatha ad 12:0 cm. long., basi L:5-2:0 em. diam., lamina
expansa 2°0 cm. lat. Inflorescentia feminea 2:5 cm. long., 1:0 cm. diam., dimidium
inferius dorso spathee adnatum ; mascula sterilis 4°0 cm. long., attenuata; mascula '
fertilis 4°0 cm. long., 0'5 em. diam. Synandria 4-andria, 0°1 em. diam.
The only peculiarity about this plant is in its placentation ; instead of several ovules
attached in series all the way up the dissepiment, the arrangement characteristic of
Caladium, we here find only three ovules springing almost from the same point near
the middle of the dissepiment. I cannot help thinking that, as Aroideous genera now go,
this would by some be considered sufficient warrant for describing our plant as a new
genus; but I refrain from so doing in deference to the opinion of Mr. N. E. Brown, who
kindly looked at the specimens, and who on matters concerning this group is, it need
scarcely be said, our best authority.
APHYLLARUM, Aroidearum (Colocasiearum sensu Benth. et Hook. f.) gen. nov.
(Tab. XXXV. figg. 1-12.)
Spadices inappendiculate, deorsum flores fem., sursum flores masc. proferentes, pars
intermedia floribus masculis imperfectis elongatis instructa. Perianthium 0. Fl
masc. synandrium incrassatum 3—4-andrum, ambitu pentagonum vel hexagonum ;
antherarum loculi contigui, paralleli, insequilongi, rimis apicalibus dehiscentes.
Fl. fem. ovarium oblongum, obtusum, bilateraliter compressum, 2-loculare, stigmate
sessili late truncato incrassato obscure lobato coronatum ; ovulum quovis in loculo
unicum, pæne e basi dissepimenti ortum, erectum, funiculo brevi insidens anatropum
raphe dorsali et micropyle infera. Pedunculi elati, preecoces, solitarii, e latere
tuberis fere nudi. Spathee tubus amplus, eonvolutus, fauce parum coarctatus ;
lamina erecta, subeucullata. Spadix a spathà superata, breviter stipitata, dorso
usque ad medium partis femineze spathe adnata, clavata, pars mascula parti femineze
| pæne zequierassa. Synandria dense aggregata. Ovaria omnino libera.
Genus cum Caladio, Vent., et Seapispathá, Brongn., componenda, ab illo distans habitu
et ovarii loculis monovulatis, ab hác imperfecte cognitá saltem ovario biloculari, loculis
monovulatis, et stigmate lato truncato nec parvo et capitato.
APHYLLARUM TUBEROSUM (sp. nov.); bulbo 3:0 em. long., 2:0 em. diam., basi parce
radicifero; pedunculo incrassato, ac reverá in sicco fere ad 0°5 cm. compresso, imà
basi squamis parvis fragilibus bruneis instructo, ceterum nudo, cirea 40-0 em. alt. ;
foliis ignotis; spathá 6*0—7:0 cm. long.; tubo 1:7 em. diam., virescente ; laminá vix
usque ad 4-0 em. long., apice acutiusculá, lacteá, explanatá vix 3:0 em. lat. ; spadicis
lactei stipite 0°3 cm. long.; parte femined 1:0 cm., parte synandrodigerá 1:8 cm.,
parte synandrigerà 2:0 cm. long., 0'5 cm. diam.; synandrodiis aggregatis, 0:15 em.
long., 0:15-0:'2 cm. diam.; pollinis granis granulis cassis intermixtis; ovario
ancipite, 01 em. long. 0:075 cm. lat.; stigmate 01 cm. diam., quam ovarium
pius quam duplo brevius.
Hab. Orescit juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Nov. spadices ostendens. (N. 678.)
The scape, of which a diagrammatic section is shown at fig. 6 of the above Plate,
consists of fundamental tissue traversed by vascular bundles, which are accompanied, as
502 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
usual in Aroidez, by latex-tubes. At intervals round the stem are seen masses of
sclerenchyme, each mass upon the outer side of a peripheral vascular bundle, and near
them run other latex-tubes. The epidermal cells contain resin.
A circle of vascular bundles immersed in deiicate parenchyme is found at the centre
of the synandrium (fig. 6); outside this a considerable part of the tissue consists of
resin-sacs, with scattered sclerenchyme elements. The latter are spindle-shaped and
contain each a bundle of raphides, and inasmuch as they appear to be in small cavities of
the surrounding tissue, they are probably of the nature of intercellular hairs. I find
it impossible, however, to speak decidedly on this point, as the supposed cavities may
really be the effect of drying. Latex-tubes accompany the vascular bundles. All the
largest synandria have eight anther-cells, which are of normal structure. Many of the
pollen-grains soon become effete, and in this state may sometimes be seen closely applied
to a fertile grain (fig. 7); the fact that the effete grains are at length completely
emptied of their fovilla leads one to suspect that they are made use of by their successful
fellows, but in order to decide this point properly preserved materia! is necessary.
PHILODENDRON, sp. Foliorum lamina latissime reniformi-cordata, margine repanda, vix
lobata Reliqua desunt.
Hab. Corumbá. (N. 977.)
Remarkable for the extremely wide cordation of the leaf. I have seen nothing like
this in our herbaria, and it is probably a new species.
TACCARUM WEDDELLIANUM ?, Brongn. ex Schott, Prod. Aroid. p. 336.
Hab. Corumbá. (N. 977 a.)
Folia tantummodo suppetebant. [Matto Grosso. |
MONSTERA BROWNII (sp. nov.); petiolorum vaginis latis, fere geniculum attingentibus ;
lamina a basi rotundatà sursum angustatá, ovata acutá vel breviter acuminatá, nunc
foraminibus carente, nunc juxta costam mediam pauciforaminatá foraminibus inter
costas secundarias solitariis ; costis secundariis utrinque 9-12 costee mediz arcuatim
insertis; pedunculo quam spatha longiore; spathá crassá, brevi, late ovatà obtusa ;
spadice cylindrica, satis incrassatá, spathze zequilongà; ovario stylo truncato concavo
coronato; baccis compresso-ovoideis, monospermis, albis.
Hab. Crescit in sylva primeevá juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Sept. florens. (N. 351.)
Caulis scandens, 2:0 cm. diam., radices bruneas copiose emittens, Foliorum petioli
ultra 30:0 em. long. Vaginze explanate 2:0 em. lat.; petiolus inter vaginam et
geniculum 1:0-4-0 em. long.; geniculus 1:0 cm. lat. Lamina ad 37:0 em. long.,
19:0 em. lat. ; foramina anguste elliptica, ad 3:5 cm. long. Pedunculus ad
16:0 cm. long., vix 0'1 cm. diam. Spatha 7:0-8:0 em. long., explanata 5°5 cm.
lat. Spadix ad 8'0 em. long. 2:5 cm. crass., prorsus alba. Staminum filamenta
spathulata, 0:35-0:45 cm. long., 0-1 cm. lat. Ovarium lateraliter compressum 0:3 cm.
long. Stylus 0:25 cm. diam. Baccze 0:65 cm. long., 0:55 em. lat., stylo persistente
0:3 cm. long. instructe. Semina oblique subreniformia, lateraliter compressa,
marginibus obtusis, 0°5 cm. long., 0:75 cm. lat.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 503
Juxta Monsteram Adansoni, Schott (quee eadem ac M. pertusa, De Vriese), intercalanda,
abhorret vero, prseter signa alia, costis secundariis magis obliquis, spathá lata spadicem
subequante, filamentis longioribus spathulatis nec linearibus. [Amer. Austr. Trop. et
Centr.; Ind. Occ. }
Named in honour of Mr. N. E. Brown, of the Kew Herbarium, whose services to
Botany, in the shape of numerous drawings, notes, and carefully prepared garden speci-
mens of Aroideze, were they only better known, would be more highly appreciated.
ANTHURIUM GRACILE, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1635.
Hab. Incolit sylvam primzevam inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, ubi florescit mens.
Sept. (N.393.) [Amazonia, Guiana, Nov. Granat., Amer. Centr., Ins. Trinitatis. ]
ANTHURIUM ($ DACTYLOPHYLLIUM) SYLVESTRE (sp. nov.); petiolo elongato, subterete,
leviter sulcato, geniculo subbrevi, laminá subcoriaceá 7-sectá, segmentis tribus
exterioribus in phalangem connatis, intimo solummodo libero, oblanceolatis, acumi-
natis, segmento postico postice auriculato, ceterum, preter marginem plus minus
repandum, integris; pedunculo petiolo j-plo breviore; spathá lanceolato-lineolari-
obtusà; spadice spathá haud duplo longiore, gracili, superne gradatim attenuata.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Tapirapuan, mens. Sept. spadices
ostendens. (N. 392.)
Petiolus 42:0 em. long., 0:3 em. diam., vagina brevi nec ultra 3:0 cm. long. instructus,
basi incrassatus ; laminze segmenta 16:0 em. long., 3°5-4°5 em. lat.; costa secundarize
utrinque circa 5, erecto-arcuatee, dein margini parallele-cursantes, costo pag. sup.
vix eminentes, pag. inf. arcte reticulate. Pedunculus 28:0. cm. long., deorsum
0:4 cm. diam., sursum ad 0:2 em. attenuatus. Spatha 8:0 cm. long., medio 2°0 cm.
lat., purpurea. Spadix 13°5 cm. long., basi 0°6 cm. crass., viridis. Flores 0°3 cm.
long.
A. Martini, Schott, proxima, cujus laminse segmenta duo (nec tria) exteriora in
phalangem connata et majora et diversiformia, spatha triplo longior et duplo angustior,
necnon spadix duplo longior. [ Guiana. |
GRAMINE.
PasPALUM SIMPLEX, Morong, in Ann. New York Acad. Sc. vii. (1893) p. 258.
Hab. Ad Puerto Pacheco floret mens. Feb. (N. 1051.) [Paraguaria.]
PASPALUM CONJUGATUM, Bergius, in Acad. Helv. vii. p. 129.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, itaque ad Santa Cruz.
(Nn. 130, 728.) [America, a Brasilià usque ad Mexico.)
PASPALUM PANICULATUM, Linn. Syst. ed. X. p. 855. Var. MINOR, nob.
Planta non ultra 25:0 cm. alt. Folia parva, linearia, circa 5:0 cm. long. Spicze pauce
(5), patulz, breves, 2:0-3:0 em. long.
Hab. Inveni ad Serra da Chapada, prope Santa Anna da Chapada, mens. Aug.
(N. 134.) 1
504 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Although dissimilar in habit from typical Paspalum paniculatum, this plant agrees
so closely with it in the spikelets that 1 am unwilling to describe it as a new
species. It is probably merely an upland state of P. paniculatum. { Bras. Or., Goyaz,
Amazonia, Ind. Occ. |
PASPALUM INZQUIVALVE, Raddi, Agrost. Bras. p. 28.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Dec. (N. 772.) [Bras. Or., Paraguaria. ]
PASPALUM TROPICUM, Doell, in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. pars 2, p. 83.
Hab. Viget inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N, 47.) [Bras.
Or.]
PASPALUM CORYPHÆUM, Trin. Diss. ii. p. 114.
Hab. Crescit in paludibus prope Corumbá, ubi florescit mens. Jan. (N. 1013.)
A form with auriculate leaves, and agreeing well with Riedel’s no. 43, except that
the spikes are more pilose. [ Bras. Or.]
PASPALUM CAPILLARE, Lam. Illustr. i. p. 176.
Hab. Incolit locos apertos prope Santa Anna da Chapada, ad alt. 700 met., mens.
Aug., itaque Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. (Nn. 115, 747.)
There seem to be two forms of this plant: in one the spikelets are arranged upon
very slender axes, and the glumes are smaller than are those of the other form, which,
moreover, has broader axes. To this second form, which, I am inclined to think, may
turn out to be a new species, belong my specimens and Gardner's no. 2348; but I do
not feel justified, without further study of this difficult genus, in disarranging, even toa
slight extent, the careful work of Doell. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Peruvia.]
PASPALUM TRISTACHYUM, Lam. Illustr. p. 176.
Hab. Inveni passim juxta Santa Cruz. (Nn. 327, 762, 771.) [Amer. Austr. Trop. et
Subtrop.
ERIOCHLOA PUNCTATA, Ham. Prod. p. 5.
Hab. Reperi ad Puerto Pacheco florentem mens. Feb. (N. 1055.) (America, e
Paraguarià usque Mexico, itaque in Australiá lecta. |
PANICUM HORIZONTALE, G. F. W. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. p. 54. (P. sanguinale, Linn.,
var. distans.)
Hab. In cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, 700 met. alt., mens. Aug. (Nn. 117,
133.) [In Americá calidiore et Ind. Occ. late diffusa.]
PANICUM LEUCOPHAUM, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 97.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Dec. (N. 773.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Uruguaria.]
PANICUM ANSATUM, Trin. Spec. Gram. sub tab. 279.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. florescit. (N. 55.)
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 505
Hujus reperi varietatem insequentem :—
Var. LINEARIFOLIA, nob.; foliis anguste linearibus, usque 10:0 em. long, modo 0'1
em. lat.
Hab. Inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria florebat mens. Dec. (N. 851a.) [Matto
Grosso. |
PANICUM (§BRACHIARIA) FURCELLATUM (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXIV. figg. 14-22); culmo
erecto, gracili, striato, deorsum genieulato ; foliorum vaginis amplis, crebre nervosis,
plus minusve (preesertim superne) pilosis vel piloso-villosulis, ceteroquin puberulis,
nonnunquam prorsus pilis strigosis appressis subdense munitis; ligulà brevissimá»
truncatá, membranaceá, apice albido-ciliatá; laminà anguste lineari acuminata,
margine (imprimis inferne) plus minus albido-ciliatà, nonnunquam fere glabra;
paniculá a basi bifurcá ; spicis subzequalibus, spicà inferiore sessili vel subsessili,
superiore pedunculatá, rarius subsessili; axe subtriquetro, puberulo; spice axibus
ancipitibus, marginibus seepe breviter ciliolatis, anfractis, basi appresse hirsuto-
pilosis; spiculis sessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis, distichis, secundis laxiuscule
imbricatis, alternis ovatis obtusis, obsolete puberulis; glumá I. anticá, spiculam Žž
sequante, oblongà obtusa, 3-nervi, concavá, subplanà ; glumá II. quam I. longiore,
ovato-oblongá acuta, 5-nervi, concava; glumá ILI. glumam IT. æquante eique subcon-
formi, 5-nervi, cassá ; valvulis ovato-oblongis acutis, glumá III. paullo brevioribus,
inferiore semiterete, 3-nervi, superiore dorso excavatá 2-nervi.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi spicas profert mens. Dec. (N. 763.)
Culmus ad 50:0 cm. alt., usque ad O'l cm. diam., dilute virens, nodis pubescentibus.
Vaginz compress, apice truncate, intus puberulz, explanatee 0'4 em. lat. Ligula
brunea, pilis albis 0-3 em. long. instructa. Foliorum lamina ad 26:0 em. long.,
0-1 em. lat., lateraliter compressa, in sicco dilute virescens. Spice 4:0-5:5 cm. long.,
025 em. lat. suberectes, a basi divergentes, pedunculo spice superioris vix usque
2:0. em. long. Spicule 0:4-0'45 cm. long. albidee; pedunculus complanatus,
vix ad 0:2 cm. long., axi appressus, puberulus, ipsá sub spiculà leviter incrassatus.
Gluma I. 0:3 em. long., gluma IL. 0-4 em. long. Valvulee scabree, inferior 0:4 em.
long. 0-15 em. lat. amb:e firme. - Squamule 0:04 cm. et antherze 0:25 cm. long.
"Ovarium anceps, ambitu oblongum. : Stigma bruneo-violaceum, circa 0:1 em. long.
Species singularis, habitum Paspali simulans, forsan prope P. plantagineum, Lànn.,
inserenda, sed facile distinguenda, imprimis foliis toto ccelo disparibus, spicis bifurcis,
gluma inferiore (anticá nec postich) spiculam fere'sequante. [ Bras. Or., Goyaz. |
This grass is treacherously like Paspalum tropicum, Doell, and P. Neesii, pe ., SO
much so that dissection is necessary in order to distinguish it.
PANICUM CHLOROTICUM, Nees, in Trin. Diss. ii. p. 236. Var. AGRESTE. ;
Hab. Crescit in- ripá fl. Paraguay juxta Santa Cruz, mens. Oct. florens. (N. 504.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana.]
PANICUM POLYGAMUM, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 24. (P. maximum, Jacq.)
« Hab. Coimbrá, mens, Feb. florens, (N. 1070.) [Amer. Austr. Trop. et Subtrop. ;
Ind. Occ.] bu v z wot. =
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. dU
506 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
PANICUM MEGISTON, Schult. Mant. ii. p. 248.
Hab. Viget ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, itaque juxta
Corumbá, mens. Dec.—Jan. florens. (Nn. 828, 1014.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana,
Uruguaria, Paraguaria. |
PANICUM STOLONIFERUM, Poir. Encyc. Suppl. iv. 1, p. 274.
Hab. Inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, ubi mens. Dec. spicas profert. (N. 825.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Ind. Occ., Venezuela, Uruguaria.]
PANICUM PILOSUM, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 22.
Hab. Inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec. (N. 817.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia,
Guiana, Venezuela, Paraguaria, Uruguaria.)
PANICUM LAXUM, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 23.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Dec. (N. 748.) [Amer. Sept. et Austr., Ind. Occ.]
PANICUM PROCURRENS, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 130.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Dec. (N. 757.) [Bras. Or:]
ICHNANTHUS PALLENS, Munro, in Benth. Fl. Hongkong. p. 414.
Hab. In angustiis ad Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. (N.175.) [In tropicis utriusque
orbis late disseminatus. ]
ICHNANTHUS BREVISCROBS, Doell, in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. pars 2, p. 294.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de Tapirapuan, mens. Sept.
florens. (N. 405.)
Forma a typo divergens spicis paullulum minoribus et glumis angustioribus.
Hujus speciei specimina ante oculos nuper habui a cl. Jenman ex Guiand missa.
(Nn. 2088, 2461 in Hb. Kew.) [Amazonia, Guiana. |
OPLISMENUS SYLVATICUS, Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. ii. p. 481.
Hab. Inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, mens. Dec. (N.815.) [Per utrumque orbem
late diffusus.]
SETARIA GRACILIS, H.B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i.p. 109. (S. glauca, var. elongata, Pers.
Syn. i. p. 81.)
Hab. Santa Cruz, Nov. (N. 549.) [Amer. Austr., Ind. Occ.]
SETARIA MACROSTACHYA, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 110.
Hab, Coimbra, Feb. (N. 1081.) (Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana.]
SETARIA PENICILLATA, Presl, Rel. Haenk. i. p. 314.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz, inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria, ad Coimbrá, et ad Puerto
Pacheco. (Nn. 756, 829, 1081 a, 1092 4.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92, 507
OLyRm sp. nimis imperfecta, ex affinitate O. latifolie, Linn. Erecta, elata, foliis
brevissime petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, caudato-acuminatis, basi impariter rotundatis,
brevissime cordatis, 4:0-5'0 cm. lat., usque ad 17:0 em. long. ; vaginis arcte applicatis,
crebre striatis, glabris; ligula ut in O. latifolid ; paniculis terminalibus abbreviatis,
pubescentibus, ramis inferne masculis, superne femineis ; spiculoram masc. valvulis
ignotis, spiculorum fem. glumis brevibus, ovatis, acuminatis, rarius breviter aristato-
caudatis nec ultra 1:0 em. long., glumá superiore 5-nervi. valvulis —.
Hab. Reperi jam valvulis orbam in sylvà primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Campos de
Tapirapuan mens. Sept. (N. 403.)
Ab 0. latifoliá, cujus fortasse mera varietas, distat preesertim foliis longioribus
latioribus et glumis brevioribus. [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Ind. Occ. |
PARIANA, sp. nov.; culmorum fertilium vaginis subinflatis, spicis erectis, flosculorum
masculorum pedicellis involucrantibus, puberulis, inferne albido-pilosis ; glumis late
triangulari-lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, pedicellis paullo longioribus a valvulis
oblongis acutiusculis tertià vel quartà parte superatis; reliquis ignotis.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 540 a.)
Ab affini P. zingiberind, cujus specimina ante oculos habui in Herb. Kew. asserv.
CAppun n. 710, Poiteau sine no.) abhorret preesertim glumis latioribus, breviter acuminatis,
et valvulis minoribus.
The species of Pariana with simply scapose inflorescences do not occur in Eastern
Brazil where the genus is represented by only two species belonging to the group with
foliate inflorescence. [ Amazonia, Guiana. |
LUZIOLA PUSILLA (sp. nov.) (Tab. XXXVII. figg. 1-8); culmo pro genere brevi, erecto,
vix ultra 10:0 cm. alt., a foliis superato, subterete, gracillimo, obsolete puberulo ;
vaginis pubescentibus, striatis; ligulá membranaceá, exsertá, subulatà, acuminata ;
foliis anguste linearibus, acuminatis, obsolete scabriusculis; paniculá masculá ignotá ;
paniculis omnibus mihi obviis femineis, contractis vel rarius subpatulis, axe
eracillimo, glabro, ad axillas breviter piloso, spiculis parvis linearibus, acutis, axibus
tenuibus flosculo «equilongis vel longioribus fultis, rectis vel parum curvatis; valvulis
membranaceis, oblongis, valvulà inferiore superiore obtusa 8-nervi paullo breviore
et truncatà et ll-nervi; caryopside ovoideo-subglobosá, obtusá, in longitudinem
costulato-striatá, glabra.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Dec. flores masculos inveni. (N.760.) Itaque
vidi in Hb. Kew. specimina ejusdem speciei in Guianá Britannicá a Parker lecta.
Rhizoma abbreviatum, sat tenue, radices graciles paucas sustinente. Culmi herbacei,
seepe foliis duplo breviores, virescentes. Vaginz foliis sepius 11—2-plo breviores,
explanatee circa 02 cm. lat., infimz culmum vix amplectentes; ligula erecta,
01-0:2 em. long.; lamina HER plerumque 5:0-10:0 em. long., vix usque ad
0:3 em. lat. (modica 0:22 cm.), margine plus minus undulata, oe Paniculze
rami modici 15-20 em. long. Spicule graciliter pedunculate, 0:4-0:45 em. long.
Stigmata alba, 013. cm. long. Squamule. obovate, obtusissimz, 0:02 em. long.
Caryopsis brunea, 0°17 cm. long., styli reliquiis coronata.
3U 2
508 MR.. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
Ex affinitate Luziole longivalvule, Doell, sed nullo negotio cognoscenda ob habitum
humilem rigidiusculum, folia minora et angustiora, valvulam fll. fem. inferiorem 11-nervem
et superiorem 8-nervem, caryopsidem ovoideo-subglobosam nec ellipsoideam costulato-
striatam. [Guiana.)
MELINIS MINUTIFLORA, Beauv. Essai, p. 54.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, itaque in cacumine hujus, Aug. (Nn. 68,
152.)
Forma pusilla, 20:0 em. alt. Foliorum lamina vix ultra 2:0 em. long.
This is the celebrated Capim Gordura of the Brazilians; its distribution is remarkable.
[Bras. Or., Goyaz, Ascension, Afr., Austr., Madagascar. |
ARTHROPOGON VILLOSUS, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 319. Var. GLABRESCENS, nob.
A typo distat vestitu foliorum obsoleto.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. (Nn. 5763.) [Bras. Or.]
IMPERATA BRASILIENSIS, Trin. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. sér. vi. 2, p. 331.
Hab. Coimbra, Feb. (N. 1069.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop. |
ANDROPOGON CONDENSATUS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 188. Subsp. CORYMBOSUS
and GENUINUS.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. (N. 52.)
ANDROPOGON CONDENSATUS, H. B. K., var. PANICULATUS.
Hab. Coimbra, mens. Feb. florens. (N. 1077.)
At Coimbrá this fine grass grows to the height of a man, which greatly exceeds the
maximum height mentioned by Doell. [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
ANDROPOGON TERNATUS, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 326.
Hab. Inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, Aug. (N. 58.) [Bras. Or., Uruguaria,
Paraguaria, Argentina. |
ANDROPOGON VIRGINICUS, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I. p. 1046.
Hab. Inveni inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, itaque juxta Santa Anna da Chapada,
mens. Aug. (Nn. 46, 107.) [America, a Massachusetts usque Repp. Argent. et Parag.]
CHLORIS POLYDACTYLA, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 26.
Hab. Florebat ad Puerto Pacheco mens. Feb. (N. 1054.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.,
Ind. Oec.]
ELEUSINE INDICA, Gaertn. Fruct. i. p. 8.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Dec. (N. 775.) [In tropicis et dotitiópicia late disseminata. ]
LEPTOCHLOA DOMINGENSIS, Trin. Fund. Agrost. p. 133.
. Hab. Santa Cruz, mens. Dec. florens. (N. 774.) (Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Peru,
Ind. Occ.]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 509
PococHroA, Graminearum, e tribu Chloridearum, gen. nov. (Tab. XX XVII. figg. 9-23.)
Spicule 5-floree, a latere compressee, secus rhachidis elongate facies inferiori-laterales
continuas concavas distiche insertze ; rhachilise breves vel subnullee, rhachidi appresse.
Flosculi, flosculo supremo (rarius flosculis duobus superioribus) tabescente exempto,
hermaphroditi. Glume due, membranacese, leviter carinatee, acuminate, haud
aristatee, valvulis breviores, gluma superior plurinervis quam inferior paucinervis
major. Valvulee dus, membranacez ; valvula inferior elongata, navicularis, 3-nervis,
raro subobsolete 5-nervis, apice breviter bidentula, rarius subintegra, carinata, carina
in aristam longam terminalem excurrens, nervi laterales haud excurrentes; valvula
superior bicarinata, acuminata, flosculi supremi fere ad meram aristam imminuta.
Stamina 3; filamenta brevia; antherse minute, inclussee. Pollinis grana minutissima,
ambitu subsph:zerica. Ovarium stipitatum, glabrum. Squamule duse, apice denti-
culate. Styli a basi liberi. Stigmata elongata, plumosa. Caryopsis ambitu
anguste linearis, paleà inclusa sed ei nequaquam connata, antice aeutata, postice
suleata; hilum minimum. Scutellum oblongum, obtusissimum, caryopside circa
4-plo brevius. Folia plana, juvenilia convoluta. Ligula brevissima, membranacea,
apice ciliato-barbata. Rhachides simplices, elongate, a basi ipsá spiculigere,
axi communi plerumque singillatim vel subopposite inserta.
POGOCHLOA BRASILIENSIS (sp. nov.); culmo erecto terete, subtiliter striato, una cum
nodis glabro, in sicco viridi-lutescente ; foliorum vaginis circum culmum arcte
convolutis, striatis, glabris, dilute lutescenti-viridibus, foliis linearibus longe ac
sensim acuminatis, glabris, deorsum levibus, sursum scabriusculis, nervosis,
glaucescentibus, 32:0 em. long., 0:65 em. lat. ; rhachidum axe communi erecto, leviter
torto, gracili, quadrangulari, scabro, ultra 30°0 em. alt.; rhachidibus erecto-ascen-
dentibus vel subpatulis, tenuibus, fere rectis, scabriusculis, plerisque 7:0-14:0 cm.
long., supremis imminutis ; rhachillis rhachidi applicatis, subteretibus, scabriusculis,
plerisque 0:1 em. (vel paullo ultra) long.; spiculis, aristis haud exemptis, modicis,
2:0 em. long. 0'l cm. lat., dilutissime viridibus; glumá inferiore lanceolata,
acuminatà, 2-5-nervi, nervis lateralibus interdum subobsoletis circa 0:5 cm. long. ;
glumá superiore 0°6 cm. long., breviter acuminata, 6-9-nervi; valvulà inferiore
lanceolata, scabridá, inferne dorso barbatulá, 0:8 cm. long., aristá tenui rectá vel
inferne geniculatá usque ad 1*0 em. long. instructá, paleá lineari-lanceolatá, 0:4-0:45
cm. long., apice bidentatá, squamulis subquadratis apice denticulatis; antheris
minutis, ambitu ellipticis; ovarii stipite ovario ipsi sequilongo; stigmatibus 0:14
cm. long.; bruneis, caryopside 0'4 cm. long., vix 0-1 cm. lat., in sicco griseo-fuscá,
stigmatibus et deinde solummodo stylis persistentibus coronatá.
Hab. Reperi ad Coimbra mens. Feb. florentem. (N. 1080.)
After several unsuccessful attempts to place the grass here described, I have resolved
to make a new genus for its reception. The affinity is undoubtedly with Leptochloa and
with Diplachne, the latter a genus referred by the authors of the * Genera Plantarum’
to Festucacez, although, since its spiculigerous axes are undoubtedly dorsiventral, that
510 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
view, according to which Diplachne and Leptochloa should be closely associated, seems
to me to be the correct one.
The simply spicate inflorescence of Diplachne, with its bilobed lower valvule (flowering
glume), not to mention other points, at once distinguishes it from Pogochloa, while
Leptochloa, along with much the same type of inflorescence, has much smaller spikelets,
l-nerved glumes, and the lower valvule at most aristulate, and never ending, as does
that of Pogochloa, in an awn longer than itself. Uralepis scarcely differs from Leptochloa,
except that the lateral veins of its lower valvule run each into a mucro or small tooth.
Some years ago Grisebach (Pl. Lorentz. p. 211) described an Argentine grass under
the name of Tricuspis latifolia, making for it a new section of ZTricuspis ($ Neuro-
blepharum), but this, although with many points of resemblance to Leptochloa in respect
of the structure of its spikelets, differs from it in possessing a truly Festucaceous
inflorescence.
The peculiar points about Pogochloa are :—
1. The spikelets much larger than those of Diplachne and Leptochloa.
ii. The several-nerved glumes, the lower glume having up to five, the upper often
as many as nine strong nerves.
ii. The long awns of the flowering glumes.
In the structure of its leaf (Tab. XX XIX. fig. 14) Pogochloa conforms to that type which
is known by the presence of chlorophyll in all, or at least almost all, of its parenchyme-
cells. As seen in transverse section, the structure varies considerably, but all the larger
bundles of sections examined by me agree in this,—that a row of sclerenchyme is
interposed between the xylem and the phloém, while the smaller bundles are without
this. The vessels have not the V-shaped arrangement. Immediately surrounding the
sclerenchyme is a bundle-sheath consisting of a few large chlorophyll-cells, outside which
lies a mass of small chlorophyll parenchyme elements. Midway between the vascular
bundles on the upper side of the leaf is a shallow depression, beneath which is a group
of large cells without chlorophyll. The arrangement of these cells varies according to
the section; frequently three cells are to be seen, one central, with another on each
flank ; more rarely the arrangement is as shown in the figure. The shaded cells in this
figure, it should be added, represent the chlorophyll parenchyme.
Along the broader side of the caryopsis there is a narrow chamber, not seen, however,
until removal of the outer portion of the testa by which it is overlain (fig. 15 a.). The
wall of the fruit is made up of five layers of small cells, beneath which is a single layer
of large cells containing a red fluid; these large cells form the bounding-walls of the
above-named chamber (fig. 15 5). The gluten-layer (g/.) is of a single row of very small
cells, and beneath it lies the starch parenchyme. :
ERAGROSTIS ARTICULATA, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 502.
Hab. Reperi ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 759.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz.]
ERAGROSTIS REPTANS, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 514.
. Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret. (N. 602.) [Per Americam late
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 511
ERAGROSTIS ($ PTEROESSA) MULTIPES (sp. nov.); culmis erectis, gracilibus, humilibus,
subcongestis, glabris, striatulis; foliorum vaginis glabris, striatis, fauce nudis ; ligula
brevissimá, calvá vel pilis albidis instructá; laminá anguste lineari acuminatá,
utrinque levi nervosá; paniculis subconfertis, ramis plerumque 1-3-spiculatis,
interstitia subequantibus vel quam ea longioribus ; spiculis elongatis, linearibus,
erectis, modicis, 20—40-floris, plerisque subsessilibus; glumis lanceolatis, acuminatis,
l-nervibus, glumá inferiore quam flos proximus paullo breviore, superiore quam
flos proximus paullo longiore; flosculis arcte imbricatis; valvulà inferiore ovata,
acuminatá, 3-nervi, superiore oblanceolatà, 2-nervi, plane longiore.
Hab. In cacumine montium Serra da Chapada prope Santa Anna da Chapada reperi
mens. Aug. (N. 131.)
Culmus 4:0-12:0 cm. alt., nodis glabris, decoloribus. Foliorum vagin: explanatz 0'1
em. lat. Lamine plereeque circa 25 em. long. et 0'1 em. lat., erectze. Paniculee
. 8-12-spieulat:e, obsolete scabriusculee, spicule :etate distantes, usque ad 1°3 em.
long., 0:12 em. lat. Valvul:w superiores in carinis minute ciliolatee.
E. panamensi, Presl (E. aciculari, Trin., E. maypurensi, Doell), arcte affinis, differt
vero imprimis ob vaginas glabras fauce nudas, laminam latiorem glabram, et spieulas
plurifloras, graciliores, valvulas minus acuminatas ostendentes. [ Bras. Or., Amazonia,
Mexico. |
ERAGROSTIS VAHLII, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 499.
Hab. Crescit in cacumine montium Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (Nn. 116,
135, 136.) [Bras. Or., Goyaz, Amazonia, Guiana, Columbia. |
ERAGROSTIS CILIARIS, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 192.
Hab. Santa Cruz, Nov. (N. 584.) [In tropicis et subtropicis late diffusa.]
ERAGROSTIS ELEGANS, Nees, Agrost. Bras. p. 510.
Hab. In ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (N.633.) [In tropicis et
subtropicis frequens. |
CYPERACEA.
(Determ. cl. C. B. CLARKE.)
CYPERUS ADENOPHORUS, Schrad. ex Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. pars i. p. 28.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. floret. (N. 595.)
CYPERUS ADENOPHORUS, Schrad., var. 8. APHYLLA, Boeck.
Hab. E Santa Cruz habui sine numero. [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
Cyperus LuzuLa, Retz. Obs. iv. p. 11.
Hab. Ad ripas fl. Brasinho floret mens. Oct. (N. 426.)
Huc forsan releganda specimina nimis juvenilia juxta fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz
et Villa Maria lecta mens. Dec. (N. 642.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Oce.]
512 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
CYPERUS SIMPLEX, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 207 ;
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz et in vicinià. (Nn. 326, 790.) [Amer. Trop., Ind. Occ. |
Mariscus SETIGLUMIS, C. B. Clarke; spicularum glumá imá vacua setaceo-caudatá,
ceteroquin ut Cyperus strigosus, Link.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 746.) [Bras. Or., Argentina. |
Maniscus Jacquinu, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. i. p. 216.
Hab. Vigebat juxta fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria. (N. 831.) [ Bolivia,
Columbia, Venezuela, Amer. Centr., Mexico, Ind. Occ. ]
-
KYLLINGA PUNGENS, Link, Hort. Berol. i. p. 326.
Hab. Ad Santa Cruz floret mens. Nov. (N. 673.) [Amer. Trop. et Subtrop., Afr.
Trop., Java.]
KYLLINGA PUMILA, Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. i. p. 28.
Hab. Crescit ad Santa Cruz, ubi mens. Nov. floret. (N. 671.) [In tropicis et sub-
tropicis late diffusa. |
ELEOCHARIS PUNCTATA, Boeck. in Kjoeb. Vidensk. Meddel. 1869, p. 132 (non Steud.).
Hab. Legi in paludibus ad Santa Cruz mens. Nov. (N. 530.) [Bras. Or., Amazonia,
Guiana, Ind. Occ. ]
ELEOCHARIS SULCATA, Nees, in Linnza, ix. p. 294; forma emarginata (E. emarginata,
Klotzsch). |
Hab. Ad Serra da Chapada inveni mens. Aug. florentem. (N.112.) [Amer. Trop.
et Subtrop., Ind. Occ.] 1
ELEOCHARIS OCHREATA, Nees, in Linnzea, ix. p. 294.
Hab. In cacumine montium Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. floret. (N. 108.) (Amer.
Trop. et Subtrop. (et var. humilis, Boeck., gerontogzea). |
DicHROMENA CILIATA, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 240.
Hab. Crescit ad Serra da Chapada. (N. 67.) |Amer. Trop. et Subtrop.]
FIMBRISTYLIS DIPHYLLA, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 289.
Hab. Florebat ad Santa Cruz mens. Dec. (N. 7493.) [In utroque orbi vulgatissima. |
BULBOSTYLIS JUNCIFORMIS, C. B. Clarke. (Isolepis junciformis, Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 211.)
Hab. Viget ad Serra da Chapada mens: Aug. (N. 179.)
Exemplum parvulum nimis juvenile. [Amer. Austr. Trop. ]
LIPOCARPHA SELLOWIANA, Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 267.
Hab. Prope Santa Cruz legi mens. Nov. (N. 596.) [ Bras. Or.]
ay! 1
HYPOLYTRUM LONGIFOLIUM, Nees, in Linneea, ix. p. 288.
Hab. Crescit in sylvà primeevá inter Santa Cruz et Cono de Tapirapuan. (N. 104,
[Amazonia, Guiana, Ins. Trinitatis. ] Z]
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. . 513
HyPOLYTRUM IRRIGUUM, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 1, p. 68.
Hab. Inveni in ripá fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino, necnon inter Santa
Cruz et Villa Maria. (Nn.635, 816.) [Amazonia.]
RYNCHOSPORA MINARUM, Steud. Cyp. p. 143.
Hab. Crescit inter Cuyabá et Serra da Chapada, mens. Aug. florens. (N. 61.)
[ Bras. Or.!
RYNCHOSPORA EXALTATA, Kunth, Enum. ii. p. 291.
Hab. Reperi ad ripas fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Diamantino. (N.641.) [Amer.
Austr. Trop., Ind. Occ. |
RYNCHOSPORA CEPHALOTES, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 237.
Hab. Crescit in ripá fl. dos Bugres, mens. Oct. florens. (N. 425.)
RYNCHOSPORA CEPHALOTES, Vahl, var. ò. INTERRUPTA.
Hab. Inveni ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. itaque prope Santa Cruz mens. Sept.
(Nn. 80, 323.) [Amer. Centr. et Austr. Trop., Ind. Occ., Chili.]
RYNCHOSPORA GLAUCA, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 233.
Hab. Legi ad Serra da Chapada mens. Aug. (N. 149.) [Regg. calid. utriusque
orbis. | ,
SCLERIA MICROCARPA, Nees in Linneea, ix. p. 302. |
Hab. Viget in ripà fl. Paraguay inter Santa Cruz et Villa Maria mens. Dec. (N. 836.)
[ Bras. Or., Amazonia, Guiana, Ind. Occ. |
SCLERIA FLAGELLUM, Sw. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 18.
Hab. Floret ad Santa Cruz mens. Oct. (N. 485.) (A Bras. Or. usque ad Ind. Occ.]
CYCADEA.
ZAMIA BRONGNIARTIL, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3"* xiii. p. 249.
Hab. Frequens juxta Santa Cruz et ad Campos de Tapirapuan, ubi menss. Sept. et
Oct. floret.
The female cones are always solitary, but of the male cones three or even four may
arise from the same rootstock. Weddell found this plant in the neighbourhood of
Villa Maria and on the journey from that town to Matto Grosso (Villa Bella). Santa
Cruz is the most easterly point at which it has been seen, and also, so far as known,
marks the limit of eastward extension of Cycads in South America. [Bolivia Or.]
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV. 3x
514 MR. SPENCER LE M. MOORE—PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.
(Unless otherwise indicated in brackets beside the figures, the drawings represent the objects natural size.)
PLATE XXI.
Fig. l. Ephedranthus parviflorus: branch. 2. A bud. 3. A male flower seen from above, and
4. in section. 5. A stamen seen in a front (a) and (b) hind view. 6. Pollen. 7. Diagram of
male flower.
PLATE XXII.
Fig. l. Stormia brasiliensis. 2. A bud from below, showing the enlarged receptacle. 3. A sepal from
within. 4, Petals. 5. Ditto, showing the cohesion. 6. Petal of outer whorl detached.
7. Ditto of inner whorl. 8. Flower in section. 9. A stamen (a) from the axial and (4) from
the abaxial side. 10. Group of pollen-grains. 11. Torus with carpels. 12. A single carpel
showing the large stigma. 13. Carpel opened longitudinally from the abaxial side, 14. Floral
diagram.
PLATE XXIII.
Fig. 1. Helicteres orthotheca. 2. Petal from a bud. 3. Gynandrecium. 4. Ditto in longitudinal
section. 5, Ovary in transverse section. 6. Fruit. 7. Ripe fruit of Peivotoa hirta, Mart.
8. A samara detached from the same.
PraTE XXIV.
Fig. 1. Zizyphus oblongifolius. 2. A flower detached. 3. Detached petal. 4. Flower in section.
PLATE XXV.
Fig. 1. Anguria gloriosa (male plant). 2. A flower-bud opened. 3. Two views of a stamen.
PLATE XXVI.
Fig. 1. Psychotria homoplastica. 2. Portion of inflorescence detached. 3. A flower. 4. Corolla opened
longitudinally. 5. Section of ovary, showing also the disk, style, and stigmas. 6. Ripening
fruit of Alibertia verrucosa.
PLaTE XXVII.
Fig. 1.8 Ipomea crinicalyz.—92-9. Desdemona pulchella. 3. A bud just before expansion of the corolla.
4. Corolla opened by a longitudinal incision. 5. Pollen. 6. Pistil. 7. Ovary opened from
the side, showing a single pendulous ovule. 8. Longitudinal section of an ovary hardened in
alcohol, showing the pendulous ovules with ventral raphe. 9. The floral diagram.
PLATE XXVIII.
Fig. 1. Neea hermaphrodita, 2. A flower detached. 3. Flower from which one side has been cut away
so as to show the stamens and pistil. 4. Ovary opened to show placentation. 5-6, Fruit of
Triplaris formicosa.
OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92. 515
PLATE XXIX.
Fig. 1. Heterocroton mentiens. 2. A male flower opened. 3. A detached sepal; 4. A petal; 5. A
stamen; and 6. Pollen-grains. 7. Calyx of female flower. 8. Part of same showing the
glands, etc. 9. Pistil. 10. Supposed placentation, but, owing to want of material, there is
some doubt about this. 11. Floral diagram of male flower.
PLATE XXX.
Fig. 1. Mabea Indorum. 2. Part of male inflorescence detached. 3. Calyx and ovary of female flower.
4, Ditto in longitudinal section. 5. A seed.—6-12. Brosimopsis lactescens (male plant).
7. Inflorescence in longitudinal section. 8. A male flower expanding. 9. Ditto expanded.
10. Flower from which the petals have been removed. 11. Pollen. 12. Floral diagram,
PLATO XXXI.
Fig. 1. Brosimopsis lactescens (female plant). 2. Inflorescence in longitudinal section, 3. A seed,
4. The same, the testa removed to show the radicle (+), plumule (p/), and cotyledons (c).
PLATE XXXII.
Fig. 1. Dichea cornuta. 2. A detached flower seen from above. 3. Labellum and column in side
view.—4-10. Notylia lyrata. 5. Side view of a flower from which the near-side petal has been
removed. 6. The lateral sepals detached. 7. Labellum and column in side view. 8. La-
-bellum detached. 9. Upper part of column in side view. 10. Pollinia.
PLATE XXXIII.
Fig. 1. Costus acaulis. 2. A flower detached. 3. Astamen. 4. Part of same showing anther-cells and
distribution of vascular bundles. 5. Stigma.—6. Vanilla ensifolia ?, Rolfe.
PLATE XXXIV,
Fig. 1. Zygella graminea. 2. A flower detached. 3. Base of perianth showing attachment of stamens.
4. A stamen and its subtending style-arm. 5. A stamen detached. 6. Top of an anther and
style-arm, showing the condition as observed after moistening dried flowers, the delicate
staminal appendages being closely attached to the base of the style-arm, from which they
cannot be removed without careful dissection. 7. Pollen; 5, a grain with its pollen-tube.
8. Pistil detached. 9. Ovary in transverse section. 10. A capsule. 11. Seeds. 12. Enlarged
view of a seed. 13. Floral diagram.—14—22. Panicum furcellatum. 15. Glume I.
16. Glume II. 17. Glume III. 18. Lower valvule. 19. Upper valvule. 20, Lodicule.
21. A stamen. 22. Pistil.
PLATE XXXV.
Fig. 1. Aphyllarum tuberosum. 2. A detached spathe and spadix. 3. Spathe opened and for the most
part removed, to show attachment of spadix. 4. Group of synandria seen from above. 5. Side
view of a synandrium. 6. Ditto in transverse section: Z. c. latex-canals entirely or partially
surrounding the vascular bundles; rs. resin-sacs; sc. sclerenchyme. 7. Mature and effete
pollen-grains. 8. Group of female flowers from above. 9. Ovary opened from the side, and
10. from the back. 11. A single ovule, showing its anatropy. 12. Diagram showing re'ation
between the vascular bundles and sclerenchyme masses in the scape. 13. The three ovules
from an ovary of Caladium heterotypicum.
516. PHANEROGAMIC BOTANY OF THE MATTO GROSSO EXPEDITION, 1891-92.
PLATE XXXVI.
Fig. 1. Diplothemium jangadense.. 2, Small portion of a leaf. 3. Rhachis of leaf in transverse section.
4. Inflorescence and spathe. 5. Side view of a male flower. 6. A sepal, and 7. A petal from
the same. 8. Andreecium from which all but one anther have been removed. 9. Idioblasts
containing raphides arranged along the margin of a sepal. 10. Sepal, and 11. Petal from a
female flower. 12. Pistil from which the third stigma has been cut away.
Puate. XX XVII.
Fig. 1. Luziola pusilla. 2. Female inflorescence. 3. Lower valvule. 4. Upper valvule. 5. Pistil.
6. Lodicule. 7. Inflorescence bearing a caryopsis. 8. Ripe caryopsis magnified.—
9-23. Pogochloa brasiliensis. 10. Diagrammatic scheme of floral arrangement. 11. A spikelet..
12. Glume I. 13. Glume II. 14. Lower valvule. 15 and 16. Upper valvule. 17. A stamen.
18. Pollen-grains. 19. A lodicule. 20. Pistil. 21. View of the upper part of a spikelet,
showing the rudimentary floscule. 22 and 23. Views of the ripe caryopsis.
PLATE XXXVIII.
Figs. 1-4. Ephedranthus parviflorus. 1. Stem in transverse section ; sc. sclerenchyme ; pA. phellogen ;:
end. endoderm ; per. pericycle ; prz. protoxylem. 2. View of a small piece of leaf from above,
showing the crystal-containing epidermal cells which form the outer covering of the ribs..
8. Transverse section of leaf, showing sclerenchyme running up to the epiderm. 4. Small
piece of epiderm detached: s. subsidiary cells of stomate.—5-12. Stormia brasiliensis.
5. Transverse section of stem (lettering as before). 6. Epiderm from lower side of a leaf:
5. the subsidiary cells. 7. Section of leaf: gl. an immersed gland. 8. Diagram showing
arrangement of the leaf-traces. 9. Diagrammatic view of an anther-cell, showing the row of
superposed pollen-chambers. 10. An anther in transverse section; az. axial and ab. its ab-
axial side; sc. sclerenchyme elements; vb. the delicate vascular bundle; me. the septal mem-
brane (the cells here are too sharply outlined and are not quite correctly shown, see fig. 12).
11. A pollen-chamber in longitudinal section (lettering as before). 12. View of a portion of
an anther in transverse section, showing part of a septal membrane.
PLATE XXXIX.
Figs. 1-5. Desdemona pulchella. 1. Stem in transverse section : sc. sclerenchyme masses at corners of
stem; scp. sclerotic parenchyme cell; bf. scattered groups of bast-fibres. 2. Section through.
midrib of leaf. 3. View of a gland upon the upper face of a leaf. 4. The same seen from above..
5. Epiderm from above, showing the puckered walls. —6-12. Brosimopsis lactescens. 6. Section
of stem (lettering as in last Plate). 7. Leaf in transverse section. 8-9. Latex-tubes and cells
from the pith. 10-12, Ditto from a cotyledon. 13. Diagrammatic view of magnified leaf of
Zygella graminea in transverse section, showing relation between the vascular bundles and the
masses of sclerenchyme. 14. Leaf of Pogochloa brasiliensis in transverse section; the cells
containing chlorophyll are shaded. 15. Ripe grain of the same in section. 16. Part of the:
grain more highly magnified: gl. the gluten (aleurone) layer.
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INDEX.
[Nore.—Ordinal Names are printed in Smarr Caprrats; Accepted Names of Genera and Species in Roman ;
Synonyms and Native Names in italic type; an asterisk denotes first publication. ]
Abutilon, T'ourn., absent from Matto
Grosso Collection, 289.
crispum, Sweet, 313.
indieum, Sweet, 6.
monospermum, K. Schum., pos-
sibly referable to Belere,
313.
Acacia Farnesiana, Willd., 349,
sp., host of a Loranth, 452,
Acalypha amphigyne, S. Moore*,
467.
apicalis, JV. E. Br., mentioned,
467.
benguelensis, Muell. Arg., 38.
brevipes, Muell. Arg., 467.
Caturus, Blume, 225; men-
tioned, 122.
communis, var. intermedia,
Muell. Arg., 467.
stipulacea, Klotzsch, 226 ; men-
tioned, 119.
villicaulis, A. Rich., 38.
AcawTHACEE of Kinabalu, 214; of
Milanji (Moore), 16; of Matto
Grosso, 425.
Acanthodium lancifolium, Mitt., men-
tioned, 260.
rigidum, Mitt., mentioned, 260.
trismegistum, Mitt.*, 260.
Acanthospermum xanthoides, DC.,
388.
Achyrocline Hochstetteri, Sch. Bip.,
18. :
Schimperi, Sch. Bip., 18.
Aciotis amazonica, Cogn., 361.
dichotoma, Cogn., 272; men-
tioned, 361.
——— var. longifolia, S. Moore*,
361.
Aciotis indecora, Triana, 361.
Acisanthera inundata, Triana, 272.
var. pusilla, Cogn., 360.
Acranthera, Arn., 172.
anamallica, Bedd., 172.
Atropella, Stapf*, 173; men-
tioned, 120.
grandiflora, Bedd., 172.
Griffithii, Hook. f., 172.
Maingayi, Hook. f., 172.
tomentosa, R. Br., 172.
zeylanica, Arn., 172, 174;
mentioned, 177.
Acrocomia sclerocarpa, Mart., men-
tioned, 500.
Acronodia punctata, Blume, 85.
Acrostichum bieuspe, Hook., 254;
mentioned, 125, 126.
costulatum, Cesati, 254.
Actinidia strigosa, Hook. f. $ Thoms.,
mentioned, 135.
Acuri Palm, 500.
Adenocalymna croceum, S. Moore*,
419,
nitidum,
420.
Adenocarpus Mannii, Hook. f., 9.
Adenosacme longifolia, Wall., men-
tioned, 177.
Adhatoda pilosa, Nees, 431.
Adinandra acuminata, Korth., men-
tioned, 133.
bancana, King, 183.
excelsa, Korth., 133; mentioned,
119.
verrucosa, Stapf, 133; men-
tioned, 123.
Æchmea bromeliæfolia, Baker, 491.
Aérobryum capense, C. Muell., 62.
Mart., mentioned,
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
Æschynanthus lamponga, Mig.,
mentioned, 212.
magnifica, Stapf*, 212; men-
tioned, 83, 121.
pulchra, G. Don, mentioned,
212. ;
tricolor, Hook. f., 212; men-
tioned 119.
Eschynomene hispida, Willd., 343.
oroboides, Benth., 343; men-
tioned, 269.
sensitiva, Sw., 343; mentioned,
276.
siifolia, Welw., 10.
sp., 10.
Ageratum conyzoides,
385.
Agrostis canina, Linn., 246; men-
tioned, 88, 127, 247.
var. borneensis, Stapf*,
246.
falklandica, Hook. f., 247.
Aiouea goyazensis, Benth. $: Hook. f.,
448.
pruinosa, S. Moore*, 448 ; men-
tioned, 286.
Ajouea, see Aiouea, Aubl.
Albizzia fastigiata, G. Mey., 12.
Alchemilla, sp., 13.
Alchornea castaneæfolia, A. Juss.,
467; mentioned, 267.
sp. ?, 471.
Aletris foliolosa, Stapf*, 240; men-
tioned, 83, 105, 113, 122, 125,
241,
rigida, Stapf*, 241; mentioned,
105, 125, 127.
Alibertia amplexicaulis, S. Moore*,
~.
SY. LI
Linn. 18,
3Y
518
Alibertia myrciifolia, A. Schum.,
370; mentioned, 269.
obtusa, K. Schum., mentioned,
371.
verrucosa, S. Moore*, 371;
figured, 514 ; mentioned, 272.
ALISMACEX of Matto Grosso, 497.
Allamanda, a Thevetia resembling,
i7.
Allophyllus edulis, Radik.*, 340.
semidentatus, Radlk.*, 341.
Alloplectus coriaceus, Hanst., men-
tioned, 412.
sparsiflorus, Mart., mentioned,
412.
sylvarum, S. Moore*, 411.
Alophia, Herb., mentioned, 494.
Alpinia, sp. aff. mutice, Roxb., 240 ;
mentioned, 122.
Alsodeia antifolia, 8. Moore*, 308,
lapsu ealami- seq.
ovalifolia, Britten, mentioned,
307, 308.
sp., 307.
Alsophila latebrosa, Hook., 250;
mentioned, 119.
pruinata, Kaulf.,
- 249.
pruniata, 249, err. typ.=prec.
Alternanthera paronychoides, A.
St.-Hil., 443.
Alyxia lucida, Wall., 207; men-
tioned, 124.
var. meliantha, Stapf*,
207:
quinata, Miq., 207.
sp., 207; mentioned, 121.
AxanaNTHACEX of Matto Grosso,
442.
AMARYLLiDEX of Matto Grosso, 495.
AwxPEzLIDEE of Kinabalu, 141; of
Matto Grosso, 339.
ANaCARDIACEX of Kinabalu, 142; of
Matto Grosso, 342.
Anacardium occidentale, Linn., 342.
pumilum, A. St.-Hil., mentioned,
342.
Anemopegma, 274, err. typ.= Ane-
mopegma, Mart.
Ananas sativus, Schult. f., var.
microstachys, Mez, 491.
“Anaphalis Marie, F. Muell., men-
tioned, 110.
Andropogon condensatus, H. B. K.,
508 ; mentioned, 268.
mentioned,
INDEX.
condensatus,
genuinus, $.
Andropogon
corymbosus &
Moore*, 508.
—— var. paniculatus, S. Moore*,
508; mentioned, 277
hirtus, Linn., 58.
ternatus, Nees, 268; figured,
508.
virginicus, Linn., 268; figured,
508.
Aneilema «equinoctiale, Kunth, 52.
Schomburgkianum, Kunth, men-
tioned, 498.
semifoliatum,
498.
sinicum, Lindl., 52.
Anemone caffra, Eckl. $ Zeyh., men-
tioned, 5.
capensis, Linn., mentioned, 5.
Fanniniæ, Harv., mentioned, 5.
Thomsoni, Oliver, mentioned, 4.
Whyteana, Baker f.*, 4. 64.
Anemopægma alba, Mart., mentioned,
422.
brevipes, S. Moore*, 420.
Chamberlaynii, S. Moore*, 421.
decorum, S. Moore*, 421.
sylvestre, S. Moore*, 421 ; men-
tioned, 274.
Anerincleistus Beccarii, Cogn., men-
tioned, 154, 155.
cordatus, Stapf*, 154; men-
tioned, 120, 155.
Griffithii, Hook. f., mentioned,
154,
Havilandii, Stapf*, 155, lapsu
= cordatus.
Helferi, Hook. f. mentioned,
154.
hirsuta, Korth., mentioned, 154.
Angelonia Gardneri, Hook., 406;
mentioned, 277; not found at
Santa Cruz, 289.
Angiopteris evecta, Hoffm., 254; men-
tioned, 119.
Anguria gloriosa, S. Moore*, 366;
subspp.
C. B. Clarke*,
mentioned, 272, 290 ; figured;
514.
grandiflora, Cogn., mentioned,
366.
Anisolobus hebecarpus, var. erectus,
396.
Zuecarinianus, Miers, 396 ; men-
tioned, 269.
Anisomeris gracilis, K. Schum., 374.
Anona coriacea, Mart., 304,
var. amplexicaulis, $.
Moore*, 304.
—-— var. dioica, A. St.-Hil.,
272.
cornifolia, A. St.-Hil.,
tioned, 304.
dioica, A. St.-Hil., 304.
echinata, Dun., mentioned, 305.
Sanctee-erucis, S. Moore*, 305.
Mart.,
men-
spinescens, mentioned,
304.
Walkeri, S. Moore*, 304; men-
tioned, 269.
AxoxacEX of Kinabalu, 129; of
Matto Grosso, 296.
Anplectrum homoeandrum, Stapf*,
161; mentioned, 120.
myrtiforme, Naud., 162.
Anthericum milanjianum, Rend.*, 51.
Nyase, Rend.*, 52.
sp., Ol.
Anthospermum lanceolatum, Thunb.,
17. :
Whyteanum, Britten*, 16.
Anthurium Lindl., 503;
mentioned, 291.
Martini, Schott, mentioned, 291,
503.
sylvestre, S. Moore*, 503; men-
tioned, 291.
Antidesma auritum, Tul., 225 ; men-
tioned, 122.
Moritzii, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 119.
sp., 38.
Ants in Orchids, 477; Bromeliacea,
492; Triplaris, 271, 444,
Aphloia thezeformis, Benn., 5.
Aphyllarum, 5. Moore*, 501.
tuberosum, S. Moore*, 501;
figured, 515; mentioned, 272.
Apvocynace® of Kinabalu, 206; of
Matto Grosso, 393.
Appendicula congesta, Ridl.*, 239;
mentioned, 122.
Araticú, 304.
Ardisia amabilis, Stapf*, 203; men-
tioned, 121.
andamannica, Aurz, mentioned,
203.
brachythyrsa, Stapf*,
mentioned, 121.
colorata, Roxb., mentioned,
202. .
gracile,
225;
202;
Ardisia crenata, Stapf *, 204, lapsu =
seq.
` crenulata, Roxb., mentioned,
204.
dingiensis, O. Kuntze, mentioned,
203.
Gardneri, C. B. Clarke, men-
tioned, 203.
javanica, A. DC., 203; men-
tioned, 124.
levigata, Blume,
203.
macrocarpa, Wall., 204.
oocarpa, Stapf*, 202;
tioned, 96, 121.
oxyphylla, Wall., 204; men-
tioned, 121.
paniculata, Roxb., mentioned,
202.
polycephala, Wall., 204.
undulata, C. B. Clarke, 204.
villosa, Rowb., 204 ; mentioned,
121.
virens, Kurz, 203, 204; men-
tioned, 121.
Areca, sp. ?, 82.
two species of, in Borneo, 243.
Argithamnia montevidensis, Muell.
Arg., mentioned, 466.
purpurascens, S. Moore*, 466.
Argostemma brachyantherum, Stapf*,
168; mentioned, 120.
gracile, Stapf *, 168, 262; men-
tioned, 120.
parvifolium, Benn., 169.
uniflorum, Blume, mentioned,
168.
Aristea abyssinica, Pax, mentioned,
GN Baker, mentioned, 48, 49.
Johnstoniana, Riend.*, 48.
Tayloriana, Rend.*, 48 in note,
49.
AnorpEx, N. E. Brown's notes on,
503; of Kinabalu, 243; of Matto
Grosso, 500.
Arrabidaea, Mart., 412, 413, err. typ.
Arrabidea.
Claussenii, DC., 414.
platyphylla, DC., 414.
rosea, DC., 413.
rosea, Pohl, 413.
Arrichicúm, 304.
Arthrophyllum diversifolium, Blume,
168; mentioned, 89, 120.
mentioned,
men-
INDEX.
Arthropogon villosus, Vees, 268.
var. glabrescens, S. Moore*,
508.
Arthrosolen flavus, Rend.* [—glau-
cescens ], 40.
glaucescens, Oliver, mentioned,
40.
ARTOCARPEZR of Matto Grosso, 471.
AscLEPIADACEX of Kinabalu, 208 ; of
Matto Grosso, 397.
Asclepias jangadensis, S. Moore*,
398; mentioned, 389.
mellodora, A. St.-Hil.,
tioned, 398.
nervosa, Decne., mentioned, 398.
Schumann’s Stathmosthelma
probably referable to this
genus, 28 in note.
Ascolepis capensis, Ridl., 54.
Asemanthia, new § in Mussenda,
173.
Asparagus plumosus, Baker, 50.
virgatus, Baker, 50.
Asphodel, 74.
Asplenium biseriale, Baker *, 252;
mentioned, 122.
borneense, Hook., 252; men-
tioned, 119, 122.
dichotomum, Hook., 252; men-
tioned, 122.
laserpitiifolium, Lam., 252; men-
tioned, 125.
latifolium, D. Don, 252; men-
tioned, 122,
squamulatum, Blume, 252; men-
tioned, 119.
Astrocaryum, sp., 199.
Tucuma, Mart., mentioned, 500,
Asystasia coromandeliana, Nees, 31.
Ata, 305.
Athrixia rosmarinifolia, Oliver $
Hiern, 20.
Attalea phalerata, Mart., mentioned,
500.
Princeps, Mart., mentioned, 500,
sp., 500.
Auratea Riedeliana. Engl., 269.
Avicennia, Zinn., mentioned, 438.
Azedinha, 331.
Azolla americana, S. Moore *, 267 ;
lapsn = seq.
caroliniana, Willd., 267.
men-
Baccaurea lanceolata, Muell. Arg.,
224; mentioned, 122.
519
Baccharis serrulata, 339.
tridentata, Vahl,
tioned, 290.
Bacury, 311.
Baillonia amabilis, Boeg., 437; men-
tioned, 277. i
obs. on the genus, 437-439.
Baker, E. G., Whyte's Milanji plants,
Polypetale, 4-16 ; Apetale,38-43.
Baker, J. G., Equisetacee of Kina-
balu, 255; Ferns of Borneo, 70;
Filices of Kinabalu, 249; help
acknowledged, 295; Lycopodiacee
of Kinabalu, 254 ; Selaginellaces
of Kinabalu, 255.
Balanophora elongata, Blume, 223 ;
mentioned, 85, 87, 126.
Lowii, Hook. f., 223.
BALANOPHORACEZE of Kinabalu, 223,
Banisteria constricta, Griseb., 326 ;
mentioned, 267, 269, 286.
pubipetala, A. Juss., 326.
Basanacantha armata, Hook. f.,
372.
Basananthe $, 15.
Bauhinia breviloba, Benth., mentioned,
348.
Burbidgei, Stapf*, 143; men-
tioned, 119.
corumbensis, S. Moore *, 348.
cumanensis, H. B. K., 348;
mentioned, 272, 286 ; as host
of a Loranth, 451.
excurrens, Stapf *, 143; men-
tioned, 119.
ferruginea, Blume, mentioned,
143.
heterandra, Benth., 347.
integrifolia, Roxb., mentioned,
143.
Kockiana, - Korth., mentioned,
143, 144.
microphylla, Vog., 347; host
of a Loranth, 450.
mollis, Walp., mentioned, 348.
obtusata, Vog., 347, 267, 272.
mentioned as a host, 452. :
rubiginosa, Bong., 348.
semibifida, Roxb., mentioned,
143.
Vespertilio, S. Moore *, 347.
Begonia adenostegia, Stapf *, 164;
mentioned, 120.
borneensis, A. DC., 166, 167.
mentioned, 120. ;
Sra
389;
men-
520
Begonia Burbidgei, Stapf*, 165;
mentioned, 124.
inostegia, Stapf, 166;
tioned, 120.
lepida, Blume, mentioned, 166.
oblongifolia, Stapf *, 165 ; men-
tioned, 120.
rupicola, Miq., 165.
varians, A. DO., 165.
Brecox1AcEzx of Kinabalu, 164.
Belere, Shuttlew., probably should be
retained, 315.
Beloperone nodicaulis, Vees, 432.
riparia, S. Moore *, 432.
Berkheya Johnstoniana, Britten*, 22.
subulata, Harv., 22.
Berlin Herbarium, 2nd set of Matto
Grosso plants, 295.
Bertiera guianensis, Aubl., 370; men-
tioned, 291.
Bidens bipinnata, Linn., 388.
pilosa, Linn., 20.
Bignonia aurea, Silva Manso, 423,
425.
caudigera, S. Moore *, 415.
Chamberlaynii, Sims, 421.
Claussenii, S. Moore *, 414.
fallax, Cham., 418.
grewioides, S. Moore *, 413.
jasminifolia, 77. B.K., mentioned,
415.
melioides, S. Moore *, 414.
modesta, S. Moore *, 416.
rubescens, S. Moore *, 412.
spp., 416.
tetragonocaula, DC., mentioned,
415.
tomentella, S. Moore *, 413.
Unguis, Linn., mentioned, 416.
BieNoNIACEEE of Matto Grosso, 412.
Billbergia, sp.? 492.
Biological features of flora of Kina-
balu, 81.
Bixixgx of Matto Grosso, 308.
Blaeria setulosa, Welw., 24.
Blainvillea Gayana, Cass., 20.
Blastus Cogniauxii, Stapf*, 154;
mentioned, 120.
Bletia catenulata, Ruiz $ Pav., 477;
mentioned, 274, 291.
Blume, his practice of naming, 70.
Blumea lacera, DC., 18.
— Bocaúba or Bocaúva Palm, 272, 500.
Bombax parviflora, Mart. $ Zucc.,
mentioned, 315.
men-
INDEX.
Bombax sp., 315.
Boracinacea of Kinabalu, 209; of
Matto Grosso, 401.
Boriti Palm, 500.
Borneo, Kinabalu flora (Stapf), 69—
263.
Borreria cupularis, DC., 384 ; men-
tioned, 272.
Lagurus, S. Moore *, 383.
tenuis, DC., mentioned, 383.
Bosquiea, Thou., mentioned, 473.
Botanical geography of Brazil, 283.
Bothriocline Schimperi, Oliver, var.
longipes, Oliver $ Hiern, 17.
Bougainvillea, a Dalechampia re-
sembling, 272.
Bowdichia virgilioides, H. B. K., 269.
var. ferruginea, Benth.,
345.
Brachycorythis
Reichb. f., 46.
Brachystegia appendiculata [ Benth. ],
mentioned, 12.
floribunda [ Ben£h.], mentioned,
12.
globiflora, Benth., 12.
longifolia [Benth.], mentioned,
12.
Brachystephanus africanus, S. Moore*,
31.
cuspidatus, Baker, mentioned,
31.
Lyallii, Nees, mentioned, 31.
Brazil, botanical geography of, 283 ;
Matto Grosso botany (Moore),
265.
British Museum, 1st set of Matto
Grosso plants, 295.
services of Botanical Staff ac-
knowledged, 295.
Britten, J., Whyte’s Milanji plants,
Gamopetalx, 16-37.
Bromelia reversacantha, Mez, men-
tioned, 490. |
sylvicola, S. Moore *, 490 ; men-
tioned, 275.
Bromeliacea indet., 492.
BromeLIaceE of Matto Grosso, 490.
Bromheadia rigida, Radl,*, 239; men-
tioned, 122,
Bromus arrhenatheroides,
mentioned, 59.
avenoides, Baker, mentioned,
59
milanjianus, Rend.*, 59.
pleistophylla,
Baker,
Brookea albicans, Stapf *, 211 ; men-
tioned, 94, 119.
dasyantha, Benth., mentioned,
ZIL
incana, Stapf*, lapsu’ = albi-
cans, 211.
tomentosa, Benth., mentioned,
211,
Brosimopsis, S. Moore *, 473.
lactescens, S. Moore*, 473;
mentioned, 271 ; figured, 515,
516.
Brosimum Gaudichaudii, Tréc., 472;
mentioned, 272, 289, 290; the
genus alluded to, 473.
Brown, N. E., notes on Aroideæ, 503.
Brunfelsia, Plum., not found at Santa
Cruz, 289.
Bryum pachypoma, Mont., 257.
sp., 62.
Buchnera palustris, Spreng., 408;
mentioned, 268.
rosea, H. B. K., 408.
sp., 29.
Buddleia asiatica, Lour., 208; men-
tioned, 119.
sp., 29.
Bulbophyllum altispex, Ridl.*, 236;
mentioned, 125.
breviflorum, Ridl.*, 236; men-
tioned, 122.
capitatum, Lindl., mentioned,
236.
catenarium, Ridl.*, 235; men-
tioned, 125.
concinnum, Hook. f., mentioned,
235.
coriaceum, Ridl.*, 235; men-
tioned, 125.
leptanthum, Hook., mentioned,
235.
montense, [idl.*, 234; men-
tioned, 89, 127.
montigenum, Ridl.*, 235; men-
tioned, 122.
striatellum, Ridl., 235.
Bulbostylis junciformis, C. B. Clarke*,
512.
oritrephes, C. B. Clarke *, 54.
schenoides, C. B. Clarke *, 54.
Burbidge, F. W., Bornean plants, 69,
TR
Burmannia longifolia, Bece., 233 ;
mentioned, 122.
lutescens, Becc., mentioned, 233,
Burmannia papillosa, Stapf *, 232;
mentioned, 122.
tridentata, Bece.,
233.
Burmanntace® of Kinabalu, 232.
Buruty Palm, 500.
Butterflies in Matto Grosso, 273, 275.
Byrsonima coccolobeefolia, H. B. K.,
323.
cydoniæfolia, A. Juss., 323; men-
tioned, 270.
var. chiquitensis, A. Juss.,
323:
——- var. cuneata, S. Moore *,
323.
Indorum, S. Moore *, 323.
intermedia, A. Juss., mentioned,
323.
levigata, DC., mentioned, 323.
verbascifolia, Rich., 323; men-
tioned, 268.
Byttneria campestris, S.Moore *, 318 ;
mentioned, 276.
catalpefolia, Jacg., mentioned,
320.
charagmocarpa, S. Moore *, 320.
filipes, Mart., mentioned, 318.
Leesoni, S. Moore *, 319.
muricata, S. Moore *, 319.
ramosissima, Pohl, mentioned,
319.
mentioned,
CacrAcEX of Matto Grosso, 367.
Ceesalpinia Gilliesti, Wall., 346.
microphylla, Benth., mentioned,
346.
peltophoroides, Benth., men-
tioned, 346.
pulcherrima, Sw., 346; men-
. tioned, 276.
Taubertiana, S. Moore *, 345.
Cajd, 342.
Cajanus indicus, Spreng., 11.
Caladium, Fent., genusmentioned,501.
esculentum, Vent., 73.
heterotypicum, S. Moore *, 500 ;
figured, 515 ; mentioned, 272.
Calamus, Linn., mentioned, 85.
species in Borneo, 243.
Calanthe ovatifolia, Ridl.*, 239; men-
tioned, 122.
parviflora, Lindl., 239; men-
tioned, 125.
Calathea Eichleri, Petersen, men-
tioned, 490.
INDEX.
Calathea humilis, S. Moore *, 489.
Mansonis, Koern., mentioned,
489.
preecox, S. Moore *, 488.
subtilis, S. Moore *, 487.
Calliandra Chapada, S. Moore *, 349.
parviflora, Benth., 350; men-
tioned, 272.
Tweediei, Benth., mentioned, 350.
Callidryas butterflies in Matto Grosso,
275.
Callisthene fasciculata, Mart., 309 ;
mentioned, 270, 271.
sp., 309.
Callitris quadrivalvis [Rich.], men-
tioned, 61.
Calydorea, Herb., mentioned, 494.
Calystegia sepium, A. Br., 267.
setifera, Meissn., 403.
Camalote, name explained, 497;
alluded to, 276, 277.
Camarea ericoides, A. St.-Hil., 330 ;
mentioned, 270.
CAMPANULACEZE of Kinabalu, 188.
Campanumeea celebica, Blume, 188;
mentioned, 119.
Campos, the term exemplified, 268.
Campylopus exasperatus, Brid., 256 ;
mentioned, 123, 126,
Caña, berries used to flavour, 374.
Canavalia obtusifolia, DC., 10.
Canella, 448.
Capim Gordura, 268, 508.
CAPPARIDE® of Matto Grosso, 306.
Capparis Cynophallophora, Linn., var.
microphylla, S. Moore*, 306.
Capsicum baccatum, Linn., 406.
Carex Boryana, Schk., 54.
capillacea, Boott,
246.
filicina, Nees, 246; mentioned,
105, 106, 125.
fusiformis, Nees, 246; men-
tioned, 105, 106, 113, 127.
hypsophita, Miq., 246; men-
tioned, 105, 106, 113, 125.
rara, Boott, 246; mentioned,
105, 127.
Wahlenbergiana, Boott, var., 54.
Carpidiopteryx, Karst., preferable to
the anagram Thinouia, 341.
Carruthers, W., help from, acknow-
ledged, 295; on Whyte's Milanji
plants, 1-4.
CARYOPHYLLACEA of MattoGrosso,310.
mentioned,
521
Caryospermum philippinense, Vidal,
141.
Casearia hirta, Sw., mentioned, 364.
javitensis, H. B. K., 364.
leucolepis, Turez., 164; men-
tioned, 120,
riparia, S. Moore*, 363.
Casselia Mansoi, Schau , 439.
Cassia scrub, 266.
Cassia aculeata, Pohl, 347; men-
tioned, 276.
alata, Linn., 347; mentioned,
275. ;
dysophylla, Benth., 347; men-
tioned, 268,
mimosoides, Linn,, 12.
occidentalis, Linn., 346.
Petersiana, C. Bolle, 12.
pilifera, Vog., var. subglabra,
S. Moore*, 346. í
Tora, Linn., 346; mentioned,
276.
velutina, Vog., 347.
Castanopsis, sp. aff. argentere, A. DC.,
232; mentioned, 125.
sumatrana, A. DC., 232,
turbinata, Stapf*, 232; men-
tioned, 125.
Casuarina, Linn., the habitat of a
fern, 251.
Cattleya superba, Schomb.,
mentioned, 273, 274, 289.
Caucalis melanantha, Benth. $ Hook.
Je 10, 10,
pedunculata, Baker f.*, 15.
Cedro pequeno, 24.
pequinino, 24.
CELASTRINEJ.E of Kinabalu, 140; of
Matto Grosso, 337.
Celastrus laurinus, Thunb., 8.
Celosia trigyna, Linn., 39.
CELTIDE® of Matto Grosso, 471.
Celtis Gardneri, Planch., 471.
Centropogon surinamensis, Presl, 391.
Centrosema vexillatum, Benth., 344 ;
mentioned, 276, 292,
Cephaélis Ipecacuanha, A. Rich.,
| 979. i
tomentosa, Willd., 379.
Cerastium africanum, Oliver, 6.
Cerrado, a type of country described,
268. i
Chetospora imberbis, R. Br., 245.
476;
| Chætothylax tocantinus, Nees, 429.
CBAILLETIACEJE of Matto Grosso, 336.
522
Chapada plateau flora, 284.
Chaptalia integrifolia, Baker, 390;
mentioned, 269.
Chasalia expansa, Miq., 180.
expansa, Teysm., 179.
gracilis, Stapf*, 183;
tioned, 121.
rostrata, Miq., mentioned, 184.
Chiloscyphus aselliformis, Wees, 261;
mentioned, 123.
muricellus, De Not., 261.
Chiococca brachiata, Ruiz $ Pav.,
272.
men-
var. Muell.
Arg., 374.
Chirita acuminata, R. Br., mentioned,
213.
areolata, Stapf*, 121, lapsu =
Didymocarpus areolatus.
CHLORANTHACEA: of Kinabalu, 217.
Chloranthus brachystachyus, Blume,
217; mentioned, 122.
Chloris polydactyla, Sw., 508.
Chlorophytum ^ blepharophyllum,
Schweinf., 52.
Chomelia gracilis, S. Moore*, 374.
myrtifolia, S. Moore*, 373.
ribesioides, Benth., 374; men-
tioned, 269.
sp., 374.
Choristylis rhamnoides, Harv., men-
tioned, 13.
shirensis, Baker f.*, 13, 65.
Chuquiraga chapadensis, S. Moore*,
389 ; mentioned, 269.
Doniana, Baker, mentioned, 390,
retinens, S. Moore*, 390.
Sprengeliana, Baker, mentioned,
390.
vagans, Baker, mentioned, 390,
Cienfuegosia phlomidifolia. Garcke,
315.
sulphurea, Garcke, 315.
Cineraria abyssinica, H. H. Johnst.,
21.
kilimanscharica, Engl., 20.
lanceolata,
Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Nees,
448.
Cissampelos Pareira, Linn., 5, 306.
tropæolifolia, DO., 306.
Cissus hastata, Mig., 141 ; mentioned,
119.
serpens, Hochst., 8.
Citharexylum, Mill., mentioned,
438.
INDEX.
Cladium borneense, C. B, Clarke*, |
245; mentioned, 83, 106, 122.
samoénse, C. B. Clarke*, 245;
mentioned, 83, 106, 122, 125,
127.
var. uniseta, C. B. Clarke*,
246.
teretifolium, R. Br., mentioned,
245.
vaginale, Benth., mentioned, 245.
Vautheriz [ C. B. Clarke* |, men-
tioned, 245.
Claoxylon longifolium, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 225.
pauciflorum, Stapf *, 225; men-
tioned, 122.
Clarke, C. B., Commelynaceæ deter-
mined by, 498; Cyperaceæ deter-
mined by, 511; do. of Borneo,
70; of Milanji, 53-54; help
acknowledged, 295.
Clausena ineequalis, Benth., 8.
Clerodendron calamitosum, Linn.,
mentioned, 216.
discolor, Vatke, 36.
disparifolium, Blume, mentioned,
216.
Grifithianum, C. B. Clarke,
mentioned, 216.
kinabaluense, Stupf*,
mentioned, 121.
myricoides, Zt. Br., 36.
obtusidens, Mig., mentioned,
211.
Cleome monophylla, Linn., 5.
Clethra canescens, Reinw.,
mentioned, 119.
Faberi, Hance, mentioned, 198.
lancifolia, Turcz., mentioned,
198.
Clidemia hirta, D. Don, 362.
elegans,
216;
198 ;
Griseb.,
var.
362.
rubra, Mart., 269.
var. intermedia, S. Moore*,
362.
spicata, DC., 363.
Cliffortia linearifolia, Eckl. $ Zeyh., 13.
Climate of Matto Grosso, 277.
Coccoloba cujabensis, Wedd., 445.
laxiflora, Lindau, mentioned,
446.
longipes, S, Moore*, 446.
paraguariensis, Lindau, 446,
447 ; mentioned, 277.
Coccoloba polystachya, Wedd., var.
mollis, S. Moore*, 445.
sarmentosa, S. Moore*, 446;
mentioned, 292.
Cochlospermum insigne, A. St.-Hil.,
308 ; mentioned, 267.
Cocos nucifera, Linn.,
243.
sp., 499.
Celogyne papillosa,
mentioned, 125.
Coimbrá flora, 291.
Collea rugosa, Benth., 344.
Columbia College, New York, 3rd
set of Matto Grosso plants, 395.
ComBRETACEA of Matto Grosso, 352.
Combretum secundum, Jacq., 352.
Commelina africana, Linn., 52.
albescens, Hassk., 52.
Bainesii, C. B. Clarke, 52.
nudiflora, Linn., 498.
Schomburgkiana, Klotzsch, 498.
virginica, Linn., 498.
ComMELYNACEZ of Matto Grosso, 498 ;
worked up by C. B. Clarke, 295.
Composirm of Kinabalu, 187; of
Matto Grosso, 384; their paucity
there, 289.
Con1rER of Kinabalu, 248.
CoxNARACEJE of Matto Grosso, 342.
Connarus fulvus, Planch., 342.
Conobea serophularioides, Benth.,
406; mentioned, 272.
CowvonLvvLACEX of Matto Grosso,
402,
Convolvulus malvaceus, Oliver, 29.
prelongus, S. Moore *, 403.
Conyza :gyptiaca, Ait., 18.
capillipes, S. Moore*, 387.
triplinervia, Less, mentioned,
387.
variegata, Sch. Bip., 18.
Copaifera elliptica, Mart., 348 ; men-
tioned, 269.
Copernicia cerifera, Mart., 266.
Coprosma crassicaulis, Stapf*, 186,
187 ; mentioned, 101, 124.
cuneata, Hook. f., mentioned,
187.
fotidissima, Forst., mentioned,
187.
Hookeri, Stapf*, 187;
tioned, 87, 101, 126.
nitida, Hook. f., mentioned, 187.
sundana, Miq., mentioned, 187.
in Borneo,
Ridl.*, 238;
men-
Corchorus argutus, H. B. K., 320.
Cordia curassavica, Roem. $ Schult.,
401.
insignis, Kunth, 267.
jucunda, S. Moore*, 401.
Salzmanni, DC., 401.
Corumbá, its flora, 291 ; its meteoro-
logy, 281.
Corynostylis pubescens, S. Moore*,
306; mentioned, 292.
Hybanthus, Mart., mentioned,
307.
Costus acaulis, S. Moore*, 480;
figured, 515; mentioned, 272.
discolor, Rosc., mentioned, 482.
pubescens, S. Moore*, 481.
pumilus, mentioned,
481.
Coussarea ampla, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 375.
frondosa, S. Moore*, 374.
hydrangeefolia, Benth.$ Hook. f.,
374.
macrophylla, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 375.
Regnelliana, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 575.
Coutoubea ramosa, Aubl , 400.
Crassula globularioides, Britten, 13.
Crateva Tapia, Linn., 306; men-
tioned, 276.
Cratoxylon polyanthum, Korth., 132.
Crepis, sp., 23.
Crossandra Greenstockii, S. Moore*,
31.
Crotalaria anagyroides, H. B. K., 342.
natalitia, Meissn., 8.
recta, Steud., 8.
Croton scrub, 275.
Croton, Linn., genus mentioned,
461; small species of, 267.
angustifrons, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 460.
antisyphiliticus, Mart.,
mentioned, 461, 463.
brasiliensis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 456.
Cajucara, Benth., 456 ; - men-
tioned, 275, 290.
chamædrifolius, Griseb., 461.
comanthus, S. Moore *, 460.
corumbensis, S. Moore*, 457 ;
mentioned, 275.
cuneatus, Klotzsch, mentioned,
454. .
Petersen,
459 ;
INDEX.
Croton decalobius, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 462,
Doctoris, S. Moore *, 456 ; men-
tioned, 275, 458.
Gardneri, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 460.
leptobotryus, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 456.
mimeticus, S. Moore *, 453.
nivifer, S. Moore *, 456; men-
tioned, 275.
peraffinis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 459.
pachecensis, S. Moore *, 459.
Sancte-crucis, S. Moore *, 455.
sarcopetaloides, S. Moore *, 454.
sarcopetalus, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 455, 457.
sincorensis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 462.
soratensis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 455. i
sp., 461.
Tamberlikii, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 463.
tarapotensis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 457..
tucumanensis,
tioned, 457.
turneræfolius, S. Moore *, 458.
Crotonopsis, Michx., alluded to,
463.
Crucirera of Matto Grosso, 306.
Cryphiacanthus udus, Nees, 426 ;
alluded to, 276.
Cucurartacea of Matto Grosso, 366.
Cunila, Linn., absent from Santa
Cruz, 289.
Cupania pleuropteris, B apiculata,
Hiern, 142.
Cuphea Melvilla, Lindl., 363.
micrantha, H. B. K., 363;
mentioned, 269.
retrorsicapilla, Koehne, 363.
CUPULIFERÆ of Kinabalu, 231.
Curatella americana, Linn., 272, 296;
host of a Loranth, 452.
Curculigo ensifolia, Baker, 495.
Cuscuta obtusiflora, H. B. K., 404;
mentioned, 276.
Cussonia, sp., 16.
Cuyabá, its flora, 284; meteorology
of, 281.
Cyathea Havilandii, Baker *, 249;
mentioned, 85, 125.
Griseb., men-
523
Cyathea integra, J. Sm., mentioned,
250.
polypoda, Baker *, 250; men-
tioned, 125,
Cybianthus collinus, S. Moore *, 391;
mentioned, 286 (err. typ. Gli-
anthus).
nitidus, Mig., mentioned, 391,
Crcapex of Matto Grosso, 513.
Cycnium adonense, E. Mey., 29.
CyrERACEX of Borneo (Clarke), 70;
of Kinabalu, 244; of Matto
Grosso, 511; alluded to, 295; of
Milanji (C. B. Clarke), 43 (53-54).
Cyperus adenophorus, Schrad., 511.
var. aphylla, Boeck., 511.
dactyliformis, Boeck., 53.
Luzule, Retz., 511.
nigricans, Steud., 53.
ochrocephalus, C. B. Clarke*,53.
simplex, H. B. K., 512.
spherocephalus, Vahl, 53.
strigosus, Link, mentioned, 512,
zambesiensis, 0. B. Clarke *,
nomen, 53.
Cyphiacanthus, 8. Moore*, 276,
lapsu = Cryphiacanthus,
Cypress in Lutshenya valley, 3.
Cyputa, 338.
Cyrtandra Burbidgei, C. B. Clarke,
214; mentioned, 121.
Clarkei, Stapf *, 213, 263 ; men-
tioned, 124,
fenestrata, C. B. Clarke, men-
tioned, 214,
rhynchanthera, C . B, Clarke, 214,
trisepala, C. B. Clarke, 214;
mentioned, 121.
Cyrtanthus Welwitsch, Hiern, 49.
Dacrydium Beecarii, Parl., men-
tioned, 133. :
elatum, Walt., 248; mentioned,
85, 100, 125.
sp. aff. D. elato, Wall., 248 ;
mentioned, 125.
Dalechampia convolvuloides, Muell.
. Arg., mentioned, 469,
euiabensis, Muell. Arg., 469;
mentioned, 272.
cynanchoides, S. Moore *, 468.
Leandri, Baill., mentioned, 469.
scandens, Linn., 469.
subintegra, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 468,
524
Dalechampia sylvestris, S. Moore *,
467 ; mentioned, 291.
Daphnandra repandula, F. Muell.,
mentioned, 217.
Daphnidium cesium, Nees, 220.
Daphniphyllum borneense, Stapf *,
224; mentioned, 96, 125, 126.
glaucescens, Blwme, mentioned,
224,
himalayense, Muell, Arg., men-
tioned, 224.
Davallia alpina, Blume, 251; men-
tioned, 125.
ciliata, Hook., 251; mentioned,
STS,
contigua, Sw., 251: mentioned,
125,
tenuifolia, Sw., 251; mentioned,
119.
Veitchii, Baker, 251:
tioned, 125.
Davilla laeunosa, Mart., 296.
lucida, Presl, 296.
Dawsonia superba, Grev., 258.
Decaspermum Blancoi, Vidal, men-
tioned, 150.
paniculatum, Kurz, 150; men-
tioned, 119.
Vitis-Idæa, Stapf *, 150, 262;
mentioned, 129.
Dendrobium kinabaluense, Ridl.*,
234 ; mentioned, 125.
Dendrochilum conopseum, Ridl.*,
236 ; mentioned, 122,
Dermatocalyx, —Oerst.,
409.
Deschampsia flexuosa, Trin., 948;
mentioned, 88, 105, 127.
var. ligulata,
men-
mentioned,
Stapf *,
248
Desdemona, S. Moore *, 408—410.
pulchella, S. Moore*, 408;
figured, 514,516; mentioned,
273.
Desmodium ascendens, DC., 10.
axillare, DC., 343.
hirtum, Guill. $ Perr., 10.
incanum, DC., 343.
platycarpum, Benth., 343.
Scalpe, DC., 142.
Desmoncus, sp., 498.
rudentum, Mart., mentioned,
499.
Deyeuxia epileuca, Stapf *, 247, 263;
mentioned, 105, 125,
INDEX.
Deyeuxia Gunniana, Benth., men-
tioned, 247.
minor, Benth., mentioned, 247.
Dianella ensifolia, Red., 242; men-
tioned, 90, 122, 125,
Dianthera angustifolia, S. Moore *,
434,
obtusifolia, S. Moore *, 433,
paludosa, S. Moore *, 432 ; men-
tioned, 276,
pectoralis, F. G. Gmel., 432.
polygaloides, S. Moore*, 433;
mentioned, 273.
Dichæa cornuta, S. Moore *, 479;
mentioned, 274, 289; figured,
515.
graminoides, Lindl., 479;
mentioned, 274, 289.
Dichroa febrifuga, Lour., 148 ; men-
tioned, 119.
Dichrocephala latifolia, DC.,
188.
Dichromena ciliata, Vahl, 512,
Diehrotrichum, Reinw., the genus
limited to Indo-Malaya
printed Dichotrichium], 96.
asperifolium, Benth. $ Hook. f.,
212; mentioned, 124.
bracteatum, Stapf *, 212; men-
tioned, 121.
Dicranum assimile,
mentioned, 123.
sp. aff. undulato, Turn., 255.
sp., 62; mentioned, 127.
Didymocarpus areolatus, Stapf*,
213; mentioned (lapsu Chirita),
121, 124.
Didymochlena lunulata, Desv., 252 ;
mentioned, 122.
Dierama pendula, Baker, 49,
Digitaria commutata, Vees,mentioned,
56.
sanguinalis, Scop., mentioned,
56.
DiLLENIACE E of Matto Grosso, 296.
Dinochloa, sp., 248.
Tjankorreh, Buese, mentioned,
248.
Dioclea lasiocarpa, Mart., 344.
Diodia multiflora, DC., 383; men-
tioned, 272.
saponarioides, Presl, 383 ; men-
tioned, 272.
Dioscorea, spp., 496,
DtoscorEx of Matto Grosso, 496.
18,
[ mis-
Hampe, 255;
Diospyros aurea, Hiern, mentioned,
204.
sp. aff., 204; mentioned,
TZL
pergamena, Hiern, mentioned,
204.
sp., 204; mentioned, 121.
Diostea, Miers, observations on the
genus, 437, 438.
Diplachne, Beawv., genus mentioned,
509, 510.
Diplothemium jangadense, S. Moore*,
499; figured, 576; mentioned,
270.
leucocalyx, Drude, mentioned,
500.
Diplycosia chrysothrix, Stapf *, 191,
262; mentioned, 89, 124, 192.
ciliolata, Hook. f., 192; men-
tioned, 124.
cinnamomifolia, Stapf*, 195;
mentioned, 124,
heterophylla, Blume, 192, 193;
mentioned, 124.
kinabaluensis, Stapf *, 193, 262;
mentioned, 124,
memecyloides, Stapf *,
mentioned, 121.
Myrtillus, Stapf*, 192; men-
tioned, 124.
pendula, Stapf *, 262 [lapsu=
penduliflora].
penduliflora, Stapf *, 193 ; men-
tioned, 121, [262”.
pilosa, Blume, mentioned, 191.
pinifolia, Stapf*, 192, 262;
mentioned, 121.
punctulata, Stapf *, 193; men-
tioned, 124,
rufa, Stapf *, 191, 262; men-
tioned, 89, 124,
scabrida, Becc., mentioned, 193,
urceolata, Stapf*, 194; men-
tioned, 121.
Disa hamatopetala, Rend., 47, 66.
lacera, Sw., mentioned, 48.
Walleri, Reichb. f., mentioned, 47.
zombaénsis, Ztend.*, 47; men-
tioned, 66.
Discolobium pulchellum,
343.
Dissochæta annulata, Hook. f., 159;
mentioned, 119.
hirsuta, Hook. f., 159; men-
tioned, 119, 120.
194;
Benth.,
Dissotis canescens, Hook. f., 14.
incana, Triana, 14.
Jobnstoniana, Balker f.*, 14;
figured, 65.
Princeps, Triana, 14.
Distribution of Hill flora of Kina-
balu, 119-127.
Dolichos erectus, Baker f.*, 10.
simplicifolius [ Hook. f.], 11.
Doliocarpus dentosus, Mart., 296.
Dorstenia brasiliensis, Mart., men-
tioned, 471.
sp., 471.
Drapetes ericoides, Hook. f., 221;
mentioned, 87, 106, 126.
Driessenia exantha, Korth.,
tioned, 156.
glanduligera, Stapf, 155, 156;
mentioned, 120.
microthrix, Stapf, 155, 156;
mentioned, 120.
Drimia robusta, Baker, 50.
Drimys dipetala, F. Muell., 128.
piperita, Hook. f., 128; men-
tioned, 101, 123, 126.
Drosera, Linn., T4.
Lourieri, Hook. & Arn., 149.
spathulata, Labill., 149; men-
tioned, 83, 104, 120.
Droseracez of Kinabalu, 149.
Drymonia calcarata, Mart., men-
tioned, 411.
maculata, S. Moore *, 410 ; en-
demic at Santa Cruz, 289.
Duguetia bracteosa, Mart., men-
tioned, 300.
furfuracea, Benth. $ Hook. f.,
299.
Sanctæ-crucis, S. Moore *, 299.
Dyer, W. T. Thiselton, commu-
nication by (Stapf), 69.
Dysoxylon cauliflorum, Hiern, men-
tioned, 82, 89, 120. `
var. tomentella, Stapf *,
138.
men-
‘Esenace® of Kinabalu, 204.
Echinodorus paniculatus, Micheli,
497 ; mentioned 276.
Echites Sanctæ-crucis,S. Moore*, 396.
trifida, Jacq.,39 6.
Echium vulgare, Linn., mentioned,
210.
Eclipta alba, Hassk., 388.
Ectadiopsis Welwitschii, Baill., 25.
INDEX.
Ecteinanthus grandiflorus, T. Anders.,
34.
Edinburgh, small set of Matto Grosso
plants for, 295.
Egletes viscosa, Less., 386.
Eichhornea azurea, Kunth, 497.
Eleocarpus punctatus, King, men-
tioned, 137.
sericeus, Stapf*, 137; men-
tioned 85, 88, 123.
Elatostemma bulbothrix, Stapf*,
230, 263 ; mentioned, 125.
glaucescens, Wedd., mentioned,
230.
lancifolium, Wedd., mentioned,
229.
lineare, Stapf*, 228 ; mentioned,
122,
lithoneurum, Stapf*, 230, 231,
263 ; mentioned, 126.
Lowii, Stapf*, 229 ; mentioned,
97, 122.
papillosa,
231.
podophyllum, Wedd., mentioned,
230.
rupestre,
229.
thalictroides, Stapf*, 229, 263 ;
mentioned, 122.
Urvilleanum, Brongn.,
tioned, 229.
Eleocharis ochreata, Nees, 512; men-
tioned, 269.
var. humilis, Boeck., men-
tioned, 512.
punctata, Boeck., 512.
sulcata, Nees, 512; mentioned,
269.
Elephantopus angustifolius, Sw., 305.
scaber, Linn., 385.
Eleusine indica, Gaertn., 508; men-
tioned, 273.
Elliot, G. F. S., on figs of Matto
Grosso, 295; species of Ficus from
Matto Grosso, 471.
Embelia coriacea, A. DC., 200;
mentioned, 124.
Gardneriana, Wight, mentioned,
201.
javanica, A, DC., mentioned,
200.
minutifolia, Stapf*, 201; men-
tioned, 85, 124,
Myrtillus, Kurz, mentioned, 201.
Wedd., mentioned,
mentioned,
Wedd.,
men-
A a
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
525
Embelia pheadenia, Stapf*, 201;
mentioned, 121.
spireoides, Stapf*, 201; men-
tioned, 126.
tortuosa, Stapf*,
tioned, 124.
Endemic element of Kinabalu flora,
91.
Engler, A., help acknowledged, 295.
Entada abyssinica, Steud., 12.
Epacrive® of Kinabalu, 198.
Epallage dentata, DC., 20.
Ephedranthus, S. Moore*, 296.
parviflorus, S. Moore*, 296;
figured 514, 516.
Epidendrum imatophyllum, Lindl.,
477 ; mentioned, 275, 289,
variegatum, Hook., 477.
sp. ?, 477.
EavisETACEX of Kinabalu, 255.
Equisetum debile, Rowb., 255; men-
tioned, 119.
Eragrostis acicularis, Trin., 511.
articulata, Nees, 510.
ciliaris, Link, 511.
elegans, Nees, 511.
maypurensis, Doell, 511.
multipes, S. Moore*,
mentioned, 269.
panamensis, Presl, 511.
reptans, Nees, 510.
Vahlii, Nees, 511; mentioned,269.
Sp., 58.
Eranthemum congestiflorum,S.Moore*,
270 ; lapsu=seq.
congestum, S. Moore*, 428,
heterophyllum, Nees, mentioned,
429.
Eria aeridostachya, Reichb. f., men-
tioned, 238.
angustifolia, Ridl.*, 237 ; men-
tioned, 122.
ferox, Blume, 238 ; mentioned,
)) T28;
grandis, Ridl.*, 237 ; mentioned,
87, 121, 127.
Kingii, Hook.f., 237 ; mentioned,
200 ; men-
511;
122,
major, Ridl.* [nomen retinen-
dum], 237.
Scortechinti, Stapf* [nomen
delendum], 237.
Erica arborea, Linn., mentioned, 24,
Johnstoniana, Britten*, 23;
figured, 66.
37%
526
INDEX.
Erica Solandra, Andr.,mentioned,23. ¡ Eugenia kinabaluensis. Stapf*, 152, | Eutryphostemma $, 15.
Whyteana, Britten*, 23; figured,
66.
Ericacex of Kinabalu, 189.
Ertocautac” of Kinabalu, 243.
Eriocaulon Hookeriannum, Stapf*,
. 243, 244; mentioned, 83, 104,
122, 125.
Sonderianum, Koern., 53.
subcaulescens, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 244.
Eriochloa punctata, Ham., 504.
Eriope crassipes, Benth., 441,
Eriosema Burkei, Benth., mentioned,
11.
cajanoides, Hook. f., 11.
flemingioides, Baker, mentioned,
12.
parviflorum, E. Mey., 11.
salignum, E. Mey., mentioned, 11.
shirensis, Baker f.*, 11, 64.
simplicifolium, Walp., 345.
Eriospora Rehmanniana, ©. B.
Clarke*, 54.
villosula, C. B. Clarke*, 54.
Erythrocephalum zambesianum,
Oliver $ Hiern, 22.
Erythroxylon anguifugum, Mart., 321.
campestre, A. St.-Hil., 321.
Coca, Lam., mentioned, 335.
daphnites, Mart., 321; men-
tioned, 268.
durum, S. Moore*, 322.
macrophyllum, Mart., mentioned,
822.
Myrsinites, Mart., mentioned,
322.
nitidum, Spreng., 321; men-
tioned, 272.
preecox, S. Moore*, 321.
Esperanza, 436.
Eucamptodon edentulus, Jaeg., 256;
. mentioned, 123.
var. angustus, C. H.
Wright*, 256.
macrocalyx, A. Br., 256.
Eugenia ampullacea, Stapf*, 98; lapsu
= seq.
ampullaria, Stapf*, 153, 262;
mentioned, 126.
calophyllifolia, Thw., 153.
cuneata, Wall., mentioned, 153.
Fergusoni, Trim., 153.
flavescens, DC., mentioned, 357.
Gardnerianum, Berg, mentioned,
357.
262; mentioned, 98, 123.
Michelii, Lam., mentioned, 359.
miniata, S. Moore*, 358; men-
tioned, 268.
Myrtillus, Stapf*, 153; men-
tioned, 123.
prolixa, S. Moore*, 358.
pseudoverticillata,S.Moore*,357.
rotundifolia, Wight, mentioned,
152.
rubicunda, Wight, mentioned,
153.
sparsa, S. Moore*, 356.
Tinge-lingua, S. Moore*, 357.
Eulophia abyssinica, Reichb.f., men-
tioned, 44.
bicolor, Reichb f., mentioned, 44.
lamellata, Lindl.,
45.
longisepala, Rend.*, 43.
Meleagris, Reichb. f., mentioned,
43.
milanjiana, Rend.*, 44.
Nyasæ, Rend.*, 44.
Petersii,Reichb.f., mentioned, 43.
Eupatorium Oliver g
Hiern, 18.
conyzoides, Vahl, 386.
cujabense, S. Moore*,
mentioned, 269.
dentatum, Gardn., 385.
kleinioides, H. B. K., 386.
megaphyllum, Buker, 386 ; men-
tioned, 269.
serrulatum,DC., mentioned, 386.
squalidum, DC., 385.
Vitalbe, DC., 385.
Euphorbia brasiliensis, Lam., 453.
Cecorum, Mart., 452.
dilatata, Hochst., mentioned, 39.
involucrata, E, Mey., mentioned,
39.
pilulifera, Linn., var. procum-
bens, Boiss., 453.
shirensis, Baker f.*, 38.
Whyteana, Baker f.*, 39.
EvPHoRBIACEE of Kinabalu, 223;
of Matto Grosso, 452.
Euphrasia borneensis, Stapf*, 210,
263 ; mentioned, 85, 106,124, 126.
collina, R. Br., mentioned, 211.
Eurya reticulata, Korth., 134; men-
tioned, 87, 126.
Euterpe precatoria, Mart., mentioned,
500.
mentioned,
africanum,
385;
Evans, Dr., help acknowledged, 295.
Evodia fraxinifolia, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 138.
Roxburghiana, Benth.,
tioned, 138.
subunifoliolata, Stapf*, 138;
mentioned, 91, 120.
tenuistyla, Stapf*, 137; men-
.. toned; 89, 119.
triphylla, DC., mentioned, 138.
Evolvulus nummularius, Linn., 404.
Exploration of Borneo, 70—76.
men-
Faramea bracteata, Benth., 376 ; men-
tioned, 275, 290.
coronata, Muell.Arg., mentioned,
376.
coussaroides, S. Moore*, 375;
mentioned, 272.
* Fazenda " on the Jocoara, 271.
Ferns of Borneo (Baker), 70 ; of Kina-
balu, 249.
Ferreira, A. R., his collections from
Matto Grosso, 265.
Festuca costata, Nees, 59.
milanjiana, Rend.*, 59.
scabra, Vahl, mentioned, 59.
Ficorpgx of Matto Grosso, 367.
Ficus calyptroceras, Miq., mentioned,
472.
chrysocarpa, Reinw., mentioned,
226.
Elliotiana, S. Moore*, 472;
mentioned, 276, 292,
kinabaluensis, Stapf*, 226;
mentioned, 125.
Motleyana,Miq.,226; mentioned,
125.
Segovie, Miq., mentioned, 471.
setiflora, Stapf*, 226 (lapsu,
setiflorus), 263 ; mentioned,
125.
sp. 471.
subtriplinervia, Mart., 471.
variolosa. Lindl., mentioned, 226.
Fruices of Borneo, 70; of Kinabalu,
249.
Fimbristylis diphylla, Vahl, 512.
oritrephes, Ridl., 54.
Flemingia macrocalyx, Baker f.*,
12, 64.
Flora of Corumbá and Coimbra, 291 ;
of Cuyabá, 284; of Jangada, 286 ;
of Santa Cruz; 289.
Floscopa glomerata, Hassk., 53.
Flowers not conspicuous in Kinabalu
flora, 89.
Fonseca, Dr. J. S. da, his estimation
of heights, 268; observations on
' temperature 278.
Forest flora of Matto Grosso, 290.
Frenela, Mirb., mentioned, 61.
Fruito de Pombe, 354.
Frullania brunnea, Gottsche, Lindenb.,
$ Hoppe, 63.
Fuirena Welwitschii, Radl., 54.
Gertnera Junghuhniana, Miq., men-
tioned, 183.
rufinervis, Stapf*, 183; men-
tioned, 124.
Galactia glaucescens, H. B. K., 344.
rugosa, S, Moore*, 344.
Whitehornii, S. Moore*, 344.
Galeopsis Tetrahit, Linn., mentioned,
215.
versicolor, Curt., mentioned, 215,
Galium Aparine, Linn., 17.
Galphimia brasiliensis, A. Juss.*, 325.
Gamogyne Burbidgei, N. E. Br., 243.
Garcinia Havilandii, Stapf*, 132;
mentioned, 119.
Gaudichaud, C., his Matto Grosso col-
lections, 266.
Gaultheria antipoda, Forst.,mentioned,
101, 102, 191.
borneensis, Stapf*, 190, 262;
mentioned, 101, 102, 126.
oppositifolia, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 190.
Gentiana borneensis, Hook. f., 209 ;
mentioned, 105, 208.
Ettingshausenii, F. Muell., men-
tioned, 209.
lycopodioides,Stapf*, 208 ; men-
tioned, 105, 126.
quadrifaria, Blume, mentioned,
208, 209.
Genrranace® of Kinabalu, 208.
GeNtTIANEE of Matto Grosso, 400.
Geoffreea, sp., 345.
superba, H.B. K.,mentioned, 345.
Geology of Borneo, 76.
Gepp, A., on Whyte’s Milanji plants»
62-64. l
Gurantacez of Kinabalu, 137; of
Matto Grosso, 331.
Geranium sinense, Hochst., 7.
Gerbera abyssinica, Sch. Bip., 22.
Gerboa, 439.
INDEX,
GESNERACEA of Kinabalu, 212; of
Matto Grosso, 410; the order
wanting at Santa Cruz, 289.
Geunsia farinosa, Blume, 215; men-
tioned, 88, 119.
Gladiolus Melleri, Baker, 49.
Oatesii, Rolfe, 49.
Glechon, Spreng., not found at Santa
Cruz, 289.
Gleichenia circinata, Sw., 249 ; men-
tioned, 83, 122, 125.
Glianthus collinus, 8. Moore *, men-
tioned, 286; lapsu = Cybianthus
collinus.
Glochidion Moonii, Thw., mentioned,
224,
tenuistylum, Stapf *, 223; men-
tioned, 98, 122.
Gnaphalium Junghunianum, Miq.,
188.
luteo-album, Linn., 19.
var. multiceps, Hook. f.,
187.
Reinwardtianum, Miq., 188.
Gnidia fastigiata, Rend.*, 41.
microcephala, Meisn., 40.
Gomphandra affinis, Mast., mentioned,
139.
axillaris, Wall., mentioned, 139.
coriacea, Wight, mentioned, 139.
javanica, Valeton,mentioned,139.
lysipetala, Stapf *, 139; men-
tioned, 120.
polymorpha, Wight, mentioned,
139.
prasina, Bece., 139; mentioned,
120.
Gomphocarpus chironioides, Decne.,
probably = Stathmostelma rha-
codes, K. Schum., 28, in note.
palustris, K. Schum., 29.
Gomphrena glauca, Mart., 444.
hygrophila, Mart., mentioned,
444,
Marie, S. Moore*, 444,
Goniothalamus dispermns, Mig.. 129;
mentioned, 120,
macrophyllus, Hook. f. $ Thoms.,
mentioned, 130.
malayanus, Hook. f. & Thoms.,
mentioned, 129,
roseus, Stapf *, 130; mentioned,
120.
stenopetalus, Stapf *,129 ; men-
tioned, 120.
521
Gordonia brevifolia, Hook. f., 135.
Gottschea, sp., 260.
Govinha, 354.
Govinha do Campo, 374.
GnawiNEE of Kinabalu, 246; of
Matto Grosso, 503.
Grana de Macaco, 481.
Guacopary, 310.
Guacory Palm, 272, 500.
Guarea paraénsis, C. DC., mentioned,
291, 336.
rubricalyx, S. Moore*, 336.
spiciflora, A. Juss., mentioned,
336.
sylvestris, S. Moore*, 335 ; men-
tioned, 291,
Guntheria Ouregou, Dun., mentioned,
299.
sylvicola, S. Moore*, 298; men-
tioned, 286.
Guazuma ulmifolia, Lam., 318 ; men-
tioned, 271.
Guettarda Burchelliana, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 373.
mattogrossensis, S. Moore*, 372.
Pohliana, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 373.
viburnoides, Cham. & Schlecht.,
372.
Guioa pleuropteris, Radlk., 142;
mentioned, 89, 119.
GUTTIFERÆ of Kinabalu, 132; of
Matto Grosso, 310.
Gymnogramme avenia, Baker, 254;
mentioned, 122.
Gymnosperms of Milanji (Rendle),
60-62.
Gymnosporia laurina, Szyszyl., 8.
sp., 8.
Gynura amplexicaulis, Oliver $
Hiern, 20.
cernua, Benth., 20.
erepidioides, Benth., 20.
Habenaria borneensis, Ridl.*, 240;
mentioned, 125.
Hemadictyon Gaudichaudii, A. DC..
396.
Hgwoponacrx of Kinabalu, 240.
Halleria, Linn., the genus mentioned,
409.
elliptica, Thunb., 29.
Hatoracive® of Kinabalu, 149.
Haloragis micrantha, R. Br., 149;
mentioned, 88, 106, 113, 126.
5862
528
Harpechloa altera, Rend.*, 57, 67.
capensis, Kunth, mentioned, 58.
Harrisonia alpina, C. H. Wright*,
258 ; mentioned, 127.
Haviland, Dr. G. D., his Borneo col-
lection, 69, 70, 71.
Havilandia, Stapf *, 209, 210; men-
tioned, 88.
borneensis, Stapf*, 209, 262 ;
mentioned, 106, 126.
Hedeoma, Pers., not found at Santa
Cruz, 289.
Hedyotis Lessertiana, Arn., men-
tioned, 170.
macrostegia, Stapf*, 170, 262 ;
mentioned, 85, 126.
macrostemon, Hook. & Arn.,
mentioned, 170.
protrusa, Stapf*, 169, 262;
mentioned, 120.
pruinosa, Wight $ Arn., men-
tioned, 170.
pulchella, Stapf*, 169, 170,
262.
stylosa, R. Br., mentioned,
169.
tenuipes, Hemsl., mentioned,
170.
Heisteria laxiflora, Engl., mentioned,
337.
rubricalyx, S. Moore*, 337;
mentioned, 272.
salicifolia, Engl., mentioned,
337.
Helichrysum auriculatum, Less., 20.
Buchanani, Engl., 19.
cymosum, D. Don, 19.
densiflorum, Oliver, 19.
gerberefolium, Sch. Bip., 20.
Hoehnelii, Schweinf., mentioned,
19 (lapsu Hohnelii).
latifolium, Less., 19.
milanjiense, Britten*, 19. -
Newi, Oliver & Hiern, men-
tioned, 19.
nitens, Oliver & Hiern, 19.
nudiflorum, Less., 19.
undatum, Less.. 20.
Whyteanum, Britten*, 19.
Helicia erratica, Hook. f., 220.
Helicteres brevispina, A. St.-Hil.,
316.
chapadensis, S. Moore*, 316;
mentioned, 268.
corylifolia, Nees $ Mart., 316.
INDEX.
Helicteres guazumefolia, H. B. K.,
316; host of a Loranth, 450.
mollis, K. Schum, mentioned,
316.
orthotheca, S. Moore*, 317;
figured, 514; mentioned, 272.
Rusbyi, Britton, mentioned, 317.
Heliotropium filiforme, H. B. K.,
402; mentioned, 272.
indicum, Zinn., 402; mentioned,
272.
inundatum, Sw., 402;
tioned, 272.
Hemsley, W. B., his help in Borneo
enumeration acknowledged, 70.
Hepatice of Kinabalu, 260; of
Milanji (Gepp), 63-64.
‘Herminie,’ voyage of, mentioned,
266.
Herpestis acuta, S. Moore*, 407.
angulata, Benth., mentioned,
407.
cham:edryoides, H. B. K., 406.
gracilis, Benth., mentioned, 407.
paraguariensis, S. Moore*, 407.
parvula, S. Moore*, 406 ; men-
tioned, 274, 291.
serpyllifolia, Benth., 408.
Herreria Salsaparilha, Mart., 497 ;
mentioned, 272, 290.
Heterocroton, S. Moore*, 461.
mentiens, S.
figured, 515.
Heteropteris confertiflora, A. Juss.,
mentioned, 325.
nudicaulis, S. Moore*, 325;
mentioned, 267.
Hewittia bicolor, Wight $ Arn.,
29.
Hexalobus brasiliensis, A. St.-Hil. €
Tul., 300, 301.
Hibiscus Abelmoschus, Linn., 136.
cannabinus, Linn., 6.
physaloides, Guill. $ Perr., 6.
Hiern, W. P., African Royena, 16.
Hill-flora of Kinabalu, 119-127.
Hill-zone of Vegetation, 80.
Hippeastrum solandriflorum, Herb.,
496.
Hippocratea ovata, Lam., 337.
var. parviflora, Peyr., 337.
sp. 337.
Hirea chlorocarpa, A. Juss., men-
tioned, 328.
cujabensis, Griseb., 329.
men-
461;
Moore*,
Hirea glaucescens,
tioned, 330.
hippocrateoides, Planch. $
Triana, mentioned, 328.
macroptera, DC., mentioned, 330.
nitens, S. Moore*, 328,
rubra, S. Moore*, 329,
sepium, A. Juss., 329; men-
tioned, 272, 290.
var. nitens, S. Moore*,
329.
sp., 329.
volubilis, S. Moore*, 328; men-
tioned, 272.
Hirtella americana, Aubl., 351 ; men-
tioned, 268,
Burchellii, Britton, 351, 352.
collina, S. Moore*, 351, 352;
mentioned, 268.
Holden, N. Lofft, conductor of river
journey, 483; his help acknow-
ledged, 295.
Holomitrium enerve, Dozy € Molkenb.,
256.
Homalium africanum, Benth., 14.
Hooker, Sir J. D., on Bornean plants,
69, 70.
Hornsehuchia, Nees, mentioned, 301,
303.
Hoslundia decumbens, Benth., 37.
Hoya coronaria, Blume, 208; men-
tioned, 119.
Hydrocotyle asiatica, Linn., 15.
javanica, Fl. Trop. Afr., 167.
javanica, Thunb., 167; men-
tioned, 120.
Hydrolea spinosa, Linn., 400.
var. inermis, Spruce, 401.
Hypropuyttace® of Matto Grosso,
400.
Hygrophila longifolia, Nees, 425.
Hymenophyllum demissum, Sw.,
mentioned, 250.
dilatatum, Sw., 250; men-
tioned, 83, 122, 125.
Neesii, Hook., 250.
polyanthus, Sw., mentioned,
250.
Hylonome reticulata, Webb, 50.
Hrrericacez of Matto Grosso, 310.
Hyprricinex of Kinabalu, 132.
Hypericum lanceolatum, Lam., 6.
mutilum, Linn., 132.
peplidifolium, A. Rich., var.
robustum, Baker f., 6.
Griseb., men-'
Hypnodendron brevifolium, Mitt.*,
259,
Reinwardti, Dozy $ Molkenb.,
259 ; mentioned, 123.
Hypnum calderense, Sulliv., men-
tioned, 260.
Dubyanum, C. Muell., 259,
extenuatum, Brid., mentioned,
260.
lancifolium, C. Muell., 260.
papillatum, Harv., mentioned,
260,
tanytrichum, Mont., mentioned,
260.
trismegistum, Mont., 260.
Hypoéstes diclipteroides, Vees, men-
tioned, 35.
phaylopsoides, S. Moore*, 34.
verticillaris, R. Br., 34.
Hypolytrum irriguum, Nees, 513.
longifolium, Nees, 512; men-
tioned, 291.
Hypoxipex of Matto Grosso, 495,
Hypoxis angustifolia, Lam., 49.
Hyptis brevipes, Poit., 440.
brunnescens, Pohl, 440; men-
tioned, 269.
crenata, Pohl, 440; mentioned,
269.
effusa, S. Moore*, 441; men-
tioned, 269.
glauca, A. St.-Hil., 441 ; men-
tioned, 269.
imbricata, Pohl, 440.
microphylla, Pohl, 440.
pectinata, Poit., 37.
recurvata, Poit., 440.
reticulata, Mart., mentioned,
441.
spicata, Poit., 441.
Ichnanthus breviscrobs, Doell, 506.
pallens, Munro, 506.
Ichnosipha, $. Moore*, mentioned,
269, lapsu — Ischnosiphon.
Ichthyothera integrifolia, Baker,
mentioned, 388.
ovata, S. Moore*, 387.
Tldefonsia, Gardn., the genus men-
tioned, 409.
Ilex crenata, Thunb., mentioned, 140.
revoluta, Stapf*, 139; men-
tioned, 126.
rugosa, Maxim., mentioned,
140.
INDEX,
Ilex spicata, Blume, 139 ; mentioned,
123.
vacciniifolia, Stapf *, 140; men-
tioned, 123.
var, camptoneura, Stapf*,
140.
var. subenervis, Stapf*,
140,
Walkeri, Wight, mentioned,
140.
Irrciwvez of Kinabalu, 139.
Illicium cambodianum, Hance, men-
tioned, 128,
sp., 128; mentioned, 120.
Impatiens bicolor, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 7.
borneensis, Mig., mentioned,137.
buccinalis, Hook. f., mentioned,
"P
capensis, T'hunb., mentioned, 7.
celevica, Miq., 137.
Ehlersii, Schweinf., mentioned, 7.
latifolia, Miq., 197,
Mackeyana, Hook. f., mentioned,
h
micrantha, Hochst. ?, 7.
platypetala, Lindl., 137.
platyphylla, S. Moore*, lapsu
=platypetala, 83, 120.
shirensis, Baker f.*, 7, 64.
Imperata brasiliensis, Trin., 277,508.
im Thurn, E., Orchid associated with
ants, 477.
Indigofera Lyallii, Baker, 9.
Inga edulis, Mart., 351; mentioned,
275.
nobilis, Willd. 250; men-
tioned, 275, 286.
Sancte-Annee, S. Moore *, 350.
setifera, DC., mentioned, 351.
Tonidium commune, A. St.-Hil., 307.
Ipecacuanha, Fent., mentioned,
307.
lacteum, S. Moore *, 307.
lanata, A, St.-Hil., mentioned,
307.
oppositifolium, Roem. $: Schult.,
307.
Poaya, A. St.-Hil., mentioned,
307.
villosissimum, A. St.-Hil., men-
tioned, 307.
Ipomeea digitata, Linn., 403.
crinicalyx, S. Moore*, 402;
figured, 514.
529
Ipomeea echinocalyx, Meissn,, men-
tioned, 402.
fistulosa, Mart., 402; men-
tioned, 267, 276.
fulvicaulis, Boiss., 29.
Nil, Roth, 402.
obscura, Ker, 29.
setifera, Poir., 403; mentioned,
275.
umbellata, G. Mey., 403.
Inrpgx of Kinabalu, 241; of Matto
Grosso, 493.
Isachne Kunthiana, Nees, 246 ; men-
tioned, 125.
Ischnosiphon argenteus, S, Moore *,
485.
concinnus, S. Moore*,
mentioned, 269.
densiflorus, Koern., mentioned.
485.
leucophæus, Koern., mentioned,
486.
nemorosus, S. Moore*, 483;
mentioned, 291.
ovatus, Koern., mentioned, 486,
plurispieatus, Koern., men-
tioned, 484.
surinamensis, Koern., mentioned,
486.
Isoglossa grandiflora, S. Moore *, 33.
laxa, Oliver, 33.
milanjiensis, S. Moore *, 33.
origanoides, S. Moore *, 34.
Isolepis junciformis, Kunth, 512.
schenoides, Kunth, 54.
Isothecium marginatum, Hook. f.
$ Wils., 259.
Itea macrophylle, Wall., 148; men-
tioned, 119,
Ixora kinabaluensis, Stapf*, 178 ;
mentioned, 121.
pendula, Jack, mentioned, 179,
484 ;
Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Mart., 425;
mentioned, 271.
Jackson, B, Daydon, his help ac-
knowledged, 295.
Jangada flora, 286.
Jatropha Curcas, Linn., 453.
vitifolia, Mill., 453 ; mentioned,
276.
Johnston, H. H., Milanji exploration,
Ea
Julocroton, Mart., the genus men-
tioned, 461.
530
Juloeroton abutiloides, S. Moore*, 465.
eleagnoides, S. Moore *, 463.
Gardneri, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 463.
humilis, Didr., 465 ; mentioned,
270.
lepidus, S. Moore *, 464.
montevidensis, Klotzsch,var., 464.
solanaceus, Klotzsch, mentioned,
465.
stipularis, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 464.
verbascifolius,
465.
Jussiæa decurrens, DO., 363.
nervosa, Poir., 363.
pilosa, H. B. K., 363.
suffruticosa, Linn., 363.
Justicia Anselliana, 7. Anders., 32.
chapadensis, S. Moore *, 431.
var. nudicaulis, S. Moore *,
431.
insularis, 7. Anders., 33.
Melampyrum, 7. Anders., 32.
metallicorum, S. Moore *, 430;
mentioned, 268.
neglecta, T. Anders., men-
tioned, 32.
Oreadum, S. Moore*, 429;
mentioned, 268,
pilosa, Benth. § Hook. f., 431.
Whytei, S. Moore*, 32.
Klotzsch, men-
Keithia, Benth., not found at Santa
Cruz, 289.
Kew, 5th set of Matto Grosso plants,
290 ; staff thanked, 295.
Kibessia echinata, Cogn., 162.
simplex, Korth., 162.
tessellata, Stapf*, 162; men-
tioned, 119.
Kielmeyera amplexicaulis, S. Moore*,
311; mentioned, 269.
corymbosa, Mart., mentioned,
ME.
Korthalsia, Blume, in Borneo, 243.
Kyllinga pumila, Miche., 512.
pungens, Link, 512.
Lastarz of Kinabalu, 216; of Matto
Grosso, 440; their rarity there,
289.
Labisia pothoina, Lindl., 200; men-
tioned, 121.
Lactuca capensis, Thunb., 93.
INDEX.
Ladenbergia chapadensis, S. Moore *,
367 ; mentioned, 286,
magnifolia, Klotzsch, mentioned,
368.
Lake Shirwa, mentioned, 1.
Langsdorff, G. H., his Matto Grosso
collections, 266.
Lanessania, Baill., mentioned, 473.
Lantana Camara, Linn., 434.
canescens, H. B. K., mentioned,
435.
coimbrensis, S. Moore*, 435.
scabrida, S. Moore *, 434.
salvisefolia, Jacq., 35.
Laportea crenata, S. Moore *, 227,
lapsu 2 seq.
crenulata, Gaudich., mentioned,
227.
sp., 227; mentioned, 122.
stimulans, Miq., 227 ;
tioned, 122.
var. luzonensis, Wedd., 227.
Lasianthus acuminatus, Wight, men-
tioned, 185.
euneurus, Stapf*, 185; men-
tioned, 98, 129, 186.
kinabaluensis, Stapf *, 184;
mentioned, 120.
lucidus, Blume, mentioned, 184.
membranaceus, Stapf*, 184;
mentioned, 98, 121.
var. firma, Stapf*, 185.
oliganthus, Hook. f., mentioned,
184,
reticulatus, Blume, mentioned,
185. t
rotundatus, Stapf *, 185; men-
tioned, 98, 124.
stercorarius, Blume, mentioned,
men-
185.
strigillosus, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 185.
venulosus, Wight, mentioned,
186.
Wightianus, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 185.
Lavraceæ of Kinabalu, 219; of
Matto Grosso, 448.
Leeuminos® of Kinabalu, 142; of
Matto Grosso, 342,
Lejeunea decursiva, Sande Lacoste, 63.
flava, Gottsche, Lindenb., $
Hoppe, 63.
gracillima, Mitt., 63,
sp., 63.
LrNTIBULARINEEX of Kinabalu, 211.
Leonotis nepetefolia, R. Br., 441;
mentioned, 276.
Lepacho tree, 267, 272.
Lepidozia cladorhiza, Wees, 261.
holorhiza, Nees, 261.
subintegra, Lindenb., 261.
trichodes, Nees, 261.
Wallichiana, Lindenb. & Gottsche,
261; mentioned, 123,
Leptochloa, Beauv., the genus men-
tioned, 509, 510.
domingensis, Trin., 508 ; men-
tioned, 273.
Leptorhabdos, Schrenk, the genus
mentioned, 409.
Leptospermum flavescens, Sm., 102,
150.
javanicum, Blume, 149, 150;
mentioned, 102, 123.
recurvum, Hook. f., 149, 150;
mentioned, 87, 102, 123, 126.
Leucas glabrata, R. Br., 37.
Leucobryum sanctum, Hampe, 256.
Leucocarpus, D. Don, the genus
mentioned, 409.
Leucoloma, sp., 62.
Leuconotis anceps, Jack, 206 ; men-
tioned, 119.
Leucophanes squarrosum, Brid.,
256 ; mentioned, 123.
Leucopogon malayauus, Jack, 198;
mentioned, 102, 121.
suaveolens, Hook. f., 198; men-
tioned, 85, 87, 102, 124, 126.
Lhotsky, plants received by him from
Matto Grosso, 266.
Lightfootia abyssinica, Hochst., 23.
Likabula river, mentioned, 2.
Littace# of Kinabalu, 242; of
Matto Grosso, 497.
Linace of Matto Grosso, 321.
Lindera cesia, Reinw., 220; men-
tioned, 125.
var. acuminata, Mig., men-
tioned, 125.
var. rufa, Stapf *, 220.
grandifolia, Stapf*, 220; men-
tioned, 122.
reticulata, Benth. § Hook. f.,
mentioned, 220.
Lindsaya flabellata, Dry., 251 ; men-
tioned, 122.
jamesonioides, Baker, 251 ; men-
tioned, 122, 125.
*
Linnean Society, Officers thanked
for press-services, 295.
Lipocarpha Sellowiana, Kunth, 512,
Lippia, Houst., Baillonia distinct
from, 437.
betulefolia, H. B. K., 435.
citriodora, H. B. K., mentioned,
437.
Gardneriana,
tioned, 437.
var. goyazensis, S. Moore*,
437.
jangadensis, S. Moore*, 435.
lasiocalycina, Cham., 436;
mentioned, 268, 269.
nodiflora, Rich., 435.
primulina, S. Moore *, 436.
var. goyazensis, S. Moore*,
437.
urticoides, Steud., 435.
vernonioides, Cham., 435, 436.
Lissochilus arenarius, Lindi., 45.
Livingstonianus, Reichb. f., 45.
milanjianus, fend. *, 46.
Wakefieldi, Reichb. f. $ S. Moore,
46.
Litsea cauliflora, Stapf*, 219;
mentioned, 122.
cinnamomea, Blume, 220.
elongata, Wall., mentioned, 220.
khasiana, Meissn., mentioned,
220.
zeylanica, C. Y F. Nees, 220;
mentioned, 125.
Lobelia fervens, Thunb., 23.
sp., 23.
LoszLrAcEx of Matto Grosso, 391.
Lobb, Thomas, attempt on Kinabalu,
70.
Lockhartia elegans, Hook., men-
tioned, 478.
goyazensis, Reichb. f., men-
tioned, 478.
sp., 478.
Locaniacræ of Kinabalu, 208; of
Matto Grosso, 392.
Lophocolea, sp., 63.
LomawrHacExX of Kinabalu, 221; of
Matto Grosso, 450.
Loranthus Beccarii, King, mentioned,
223.
centiflorus, Stapf*, 222, 263;
mentioned, 125.
estipitatus, Stapf *, 221, 222;
mentioned, 119,
Schau., men-
INDEX.
Loranthus fuscatus, Korth., 221.
Havilandii, Stapf*, lapsu =
sabaënsis, Stapf.
Kingii, Scort., mentioned, 222.
obovatus, Blume, mentioned, 221.
repandus, Blume, mentioned, 221.
sabaénsis, Stapf *, 222; men-
tioned, 125, 126, 223.
Scurrula, Linn., mentioned,
221, 222.
var. obtecta, King, 221.
sphenoideus. Blume, men-
tioned, 221.
Lotus arabicus, Linn., 9.
Low, Sir Hugh, his Bornean plants,
69, 70, 71.
Lower mountain zone of Borneo, 82.
Lucinea montana, Korth., men-
tioned, 174, 175.
Morinda, DC., mentioned, 174.
nervulosa, Stapf*, 174; men-
tioned, 124,
pentacme, Stapf*, 174, 175;
mentioned, 124,
Lucuma ramiflora, A. DC., 392.
Luhea speciosa, Willd., 321; men-
tioned, 268.
uniflora, A. St.-Hil., 320.
Lutshenya valley, Cypress in, 3.
Luziola longivalvula, Docll, men-
tioned, 508.
pusilla, S. Moore*, 507;
figured, 516 ; mentioned, 273,
289.
Lycopoprace& of Kinabalu, 254.
Lycopodium casuarinoides, Spring,
255 ; mentioned, 86, 126.
ceylanicum, Spring, 254; men-
tioned, 127.
clavatum, Linn., 255; men-
tioned, 127.
Selago, Linn., 254; mentioned,
127.
- serratum, Thunb., 254 ; ,men-
tioned, 123.
volubile, G. Forst., 255; men-
tioned, 126.
Wightianum, Wall., 254; men-
tioned, 127.
zeylanicum, cf. ceylanicum.
LrrugaAcEEX of Matto Grosso, 363.
Mabea crenulata, S. Moore*, 470.
fistulifera, Mart., 470; men-
tioned, 268.
531
Mabea Indorum, S. Moore*, 469;
figured, 515 ; mentioned, 470.
paniculata, Benth., mentioned,
470.
Pohliana, Muell. Arg., mentioned,
470.
Macaúba Palm, 500.
Macfadyenia bipinnata, S. Moore*,
418.
Coito, Miers, mentioned, 417.
corymbosa, Griseb., mentioned,
417.
fallax, S. Moore*, 418.
laurifolia, Miers, 417; men-
tioned, 276, 292,
platypoda, Miers, mentioned, 417.
pubescens, S. Moore*, 418.
riparia, S. Moore*, 417.
Macgregor’s collection in New Guinea,
108-109,
Macromitrium cuspidatum, Hampe,
257 ; mentioned, 127,
Madarosperma oblongum, S. Moore*,
400; mentioned, 290.
Traillianum, Benth., mentioned,
À 400.
Mesa indica, Wall., 199 ; mentioned,
191.
Magnolia, Linn., mentioned by Bur-
bidge, 128.
MasNoLrACEX of Kinabalu, 128.
Malpighiacea, host of a Loranth, 450.
Matprentacea# of Matto Grosso,
323.
Malpighiacearum spp. dubiw, 330.
Marvackx of Kinabalu, 136; of
Matto Grosso, 312,
Manettia, sp., 368,
Manihot tripartita, Muell. Arg., 269.
var. vestita, S. Moore*, 466.
Manso, see Silva Manso.
Mapouria alba, Muell. Arg., 380.
Burchelliana, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 381.
corumbensis, S. Moore*, 380.
lurida, Muell. Arg., mentioned,
381.
Martiana, Muell. Arg., 380;
mentioned, 274.
puberulina, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 381.
tomentella, S. Moore*, 381;
mentioned, 272.
Maprounea guianensis, Aubl., 470;
mentioned, 268.
532
Maranta bicolor, Ker, 487.
divaricata, Rosc., 486.
foliosa, Koern., mentioned, 486.
longiscapa, S. Moore*, 486;
mentioned, 272.
Pohliana, Koern., 486.
MARANTACEzR of Matto Grosso, 483.
Margaretta rosea [Britten & Rend. =
Holstii], 29.
Mariscus dactyliformis, C. B. Clarke*,
53.
Jaequinii, H. B. K., 512.
polyphyllus, Steud., 53.
Sieberianus, Nees, var., 53.
setiglumis, C. B. Clarke*, 512.
Marriott, Wm., help acknowledged,
295.
Marsdenia caulantha, S. Moore*, 399.
mollissima, Fourn., mentioned,
400.
Martius, F. C. P. Silva Manso's
plants distributed by, 266.
Marumia pachygyna, Korth., 159;
mentioned, 120.
stellata, Blume, mentioned, 159.
Mascagnia rubra, Griseb., 329.
Mascarenhasia micrantha, Baker,
mentioned, 26.
variegata, Britten & Rend.*, 26;
figured, 66.
Mastigobryum, sp., 261; mentioned,
123,
Matayba guianensis, Aubl., 341.
Maté-drying on the Jocoara, 271.
“ Matto,” a forest, often by rivers, 270.
Matto Grosso, Botany (Moore), 265.
Mauritia vinifera, Mart., mentioned,
500.
Mayaca Sellowiana, Kunth, 969.
Mayace® of Matto Grosso, 497.
Medinilla bracteata, Blume,mentioned,
160.
crassinervia, Blume, mentioned,
161.
eximia, Blume, mentioned, 160.
himalayana, Hook. f., mentioned,
160.
lasioclados, Stapf *, 161; men-
tioned, 97, 120.
luzonensis, Hook. J., mentio ned,
160.
quintuplinervis, Cogn., men-
tioned, 161.
myrtiformis, Triana, 162,
rhodochlæna, A. Gray, men-
tioned, 161.
INDEX.
Medinilla stephanostegia, Stapf *,
160; mentioned, 124.
urophylla, Stapf *, 160; men-
tioned, 120.
Melampyrum, Tourn., mentioned,
409.
Melanthera abyssinica,
Hiern, 20.
Brownei, Sch. Bip., 20.
Melastoma Beccarianum, Cogn., 154 ;
mentioned, 120.
decemfidum, Roxb., 153 ; men-
tioned, 120.
MELASTOMACEZ of Kinabalu, 153: of
Matto Grosso, 359.
Meriacez of Kinabalu, 138; of
Matto Grosso, 335.
Melinis minutiflora, Beauv., 508;
mentioned, 268, 269.
Melochia cinerascens, A. St.-Hil. $
Naud., mentioned, 318,
corumbensis, S. Moore*, 317.
graminifolia, A. St.-Hil., 317.
Melodorum fulgens, Hook. f. men-
tioned, 131.
kinabaluense, Stapf*, 130;
mentioned, 83, 120.
Memecylon edule, Roxb., 162.
levigatum, Blume, 162, 163;
mentioned, 119.
lanceolatum, Cogn., 162, 163 ;
mentioned, 120,
MENISPERMACEE of Matto Grosso,
306.
Mermelado con spini, 371.
Mesechites trifida, Muell. Arg., 396.
Meteorology of Borneo, 76; of Matto
Grosso, 278.
Metzgeria furcata, Dum., 64.
myriopoda, Lindb., 64.
Michelia, sp., 128 ; mentioned, 120,
Miconia albicans, T'riana, 361.
argyrophylla, Benth., 361.
argyrophylla, DC., mentioned,
361.
coralliocarpa, S. Moore*, 362,
fallax, DC., 361.
heliotropoides, Triana, 361.
lepidota, DC., 361.
prasina, DC., 361.
pseudo-nervosa, Cogn., men-
tioned, 362.
stenostachya, DC., 361; men-
tioned, 275.
tomentosa, D. Don, 361.
Micromeria biflora, Benth., 37.
Oliver $
Microlicia euphorbioides, Mart., var.
parvifolia, Cogn., 359.
Microstylis calophylla, Reichb. f.,
233; mentioned, 122,
Microtropis ramiflora, Wight, 140;
mentioned, 98, 123,
Mikania cordifolia, Willd., 386.
officinalis, Mart., 386.
Milanji, plants coll. by Whyte, 1-67.
Mimosa scrub, 266.
Mimosa cinerea, Vell, 349; men-
tioned, 277.
hexandra, Micheli, var. tropica,
S. Moore*, 349,
pachecensis, S. Moore*, 349.
polycarpa, Kunth, mentioned,
349,
Velloziana, Mart., 349.
Mimulopsis sesamoides, S. Moore*,
30.
Miquel, F. A. W., his species based on
poor material, 70.
Miscanthus sinensis, Anderss., 246 ;
mentioned, 122,
Mitrephora glabra, Scheff., mentioned,
130,
Maingayi, Hook. f. $ Thoms.,
130; mentioned, 82, 120.
Mitten, W., Mosses of Borneo, 70.
Mitten, W., and C. H. Wright, Mus-
cineee of Kinabalu, 255,
Mniodendron comosum, Lindb., men-
tioned, 260.
divaricatum, Lindb., 259.
Korthalsii, Bosch $ Lac., 259 ;
mentioned, 123.
microloma, Mitt,*, 259; men-
tioned, 123,
Mnium rostratum, Schwigr., 257;
mentioned, 123.
Mocaúra Palm, 500.
Mollugo glinoides, Cambess., 367,
Momordica Charantia, Linn., 366;
mentioned, 267, 276.
foetida, Schum. $ Thonn., 15.
Moximtacezx of Kinabalu, 217; of
Matto Grosso, 450.
Monnieria trifolia, Linn., 331.
Monoperata of Whytes Milanji
plants (Britten), 164.
Monstera Adansoni, Schott, 503.
Brownii, S. Moore*, 502.
pertusa, De Vriese, 503.
Moore, S. Le M., African Acanthacez,
16; Botany of the Matto Grosso
Expedition, 265-516.
Moquilea Turiuva, Hook, f., 351.
Monacz of Matto Grosso, 471.
Morgan, R., thanked for pains taken
with the plates, 295.
Morong, Dr. T., his help acknow-
ledged, 295.
Morpho butterflies in Matto Grosso,
273.
Morrenia brachystephana, Griseb.,
399.
incana, S. Moore*, 398.
odorata, Lindl., 399.
Morsback, Dr., meteorology of Cu-
yabá, 281.
Mosses of Borneo (Wright, Mitten),
70; of Kinabalu, 255 ; of Milanji
(Gepp), 62-63.
Mostuæa Brunonis, F. Didr., 29.
Mountain zones in Borneo, 82-88,
Mouriria guianensis, Aubl., 363;
mentioned, 274.
Mucuna coriacea, Baker, 10.
Muehlenbergia Clomena, Trin., men-
tioned, 55.
gracilis, Trin., mentioned, 55.
Muraltia mixta, Linn., 5.
Muscine: of Borneo (Wright, Mitten),
70; of Kinabalu, 255 ; of Milanji
(Gepp), 62.
Mussenda coccinea, Stapf*, 171;
mentioned, 120, 173.
frondosa, Linn., 171 ; mentioned,
119.
var. glabra, Vahl, 171.
var. hirsutissima, Hook.,
LUR
kiutaensis,
172.
Landia, Poir., mentioned, 177.
mutabilis, Hemsl., 172, 173.
Myosotis antarctica, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 210. i
australis, R. Br., mentioned,
106.
spathulata, Forst., mentioned,
210.
Myrcia ambigua, DO., 354; men-
tioned, 269 ; leaves of, 286.
canescens, Berg, mentioned,
356.
chapadensis, S. Moore*, 355;
mentioned, 269.
collina, S. Moore*, 356.
dasyblasta, Berg, 356; men-
tioned, 268.
King*, nomen,
INDEX.
Myrcia effusa, S. Moore* [lapsu =
M. Govinha], its native name, 354,
374.
Govinha, S. Moore*, 354.
ovata, Cambess., mentioned, 354.
pheoclada, Berg, mentioned, 354.
Sellowiana, Berg, mentioned, 355.
verruculata, S. Moore*, 355.
Myriactis bellidiformis, F. Muell.,
mentioned, 110.
Myrica javanica, Blume, 231 ; men-
tioned, 127.
pilulifera, Rend.*, 43.
salicifolia, Hochst., mentioned, 43.
Myricace# of Kinabalu, 231.
Myrioneuron borneense, Stapf*, 175;
mentioned, 121.
nutans, Wall., mentioned, 175.
Myrmecophilous plants, see Ants.
Myrothamnus flabellifolia, Welw., 13.
Myrsine achradifolia, F. Muell., men-
tioned, 200.
affinis, DC., 199.
borneensis, Scheff., 199.
capitata, Stapf*, 85, lapsu=seq.
capitellata, Wall., 199; men-
tioned, 124, 126, 200.
var. avenis, C. B. Clarke,
199 ; mentioned, 200.
dasyphylla, Stapf *, 199 ; men-
tioned, 126.
densiflora, Scheff., mentioned,
199.
Hasseltii, Blume, 199.
sp. aff. achradifolie, F. Muell.,
200 ; mentioned, 121.
sumatrana, Mig., mentioned,
200.
Myrstne of Kinabalu, 199; of
Matto Grosso, 391.
Myrtacea, host of a Loranth, 450.
Myrtacex of Kinabalu, 149; of
Matto Grosso, 353.
Myrtus flavida, Stapf, 151; men-
tioned, 85, 101, 120, 123.
Metrosideros, Baill., mentioned, .
151.
microphylla, Humb. $ Bonpl.,
mentioned, 151.
myricoides, H. B. K., mentioned,
151.
rufo-punctata, Brongn. $ Gris,
mentioned, 151.
Nasturtium pumilum, Cambess., 306.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
533
Neckera lancifolia, Harv., 260.
Nectandra ambigua, Meissn., men-
tioned, 449,
bombycina, S. Moore*, 449.
spp. ?, 449, 450.
urophylla, Meissn., mentioned,
449.
Neea hermaphrodita, S. Moore*, 442 ;
figured, 514; mentioned, 272, 290.
pubescens, Poepp. d Endl,
mentioned, 442.
Nemastylis, Nutt., style-arms of, 494,
Neotryphostemma $, 15.
NEPENTHACEA of Kinabalu, 217.
Nepenthes, Linn. the genus men-
tioned, 69.
Burbidgei, Hook. f., 217,
Edwardsiana, Low, 217; men-
tioned, 83, 121, 124,
Lowii, Hook. f., 217 ; mentioned,
85, 124,
phyllamphora, Willd. 217; ,
mentioned, 119,
Rajah, Hook. f., 217 ; mentioned,.
83, 121, 125.
tentaculata, Hook. f., 217 ; men-
tioned, 125,
villosa, Hook. f. 217; men-
tioned, 124,
Nephelaphyllum latilabre, Ridl.*,
238; mentioned, 125.
pulchrum, Blume, 238.
Nephrodium chrysolobum, Fée, men-
tioned, 252.
gymnopodum, Baker*, 252;
mentioned, 125.
patens, Desv., mentioned, 252.
Nertera depressa, Banks, 186; men-
tioned, 85, 90, 101, 124.
Nicotiana glauca, R. Grah., 406.
Nidorella microcephala, Steetz, 18.
Notylia Barkeri, Lindl., 478.
bisepala, S. Moore*, 478; men-
tioned, 289.
Huegelii, Reichb. f., 478; men-
tioned, 289.
lyrata, S. Moore*, 477 ; figured,
515.
tridachne, Lindl., 478.
Nua, 272, err. typ.=Neea.
Nyasa-land plants (Whyte), 1-67.
Nyroracine% of Matto Grosso, 442.
OcunacE of Matto Grosso, 332.
Ochthocharis parviflora, Cogn., 154.
4A
534.
Ocimum calycosum, Hochst., 37.
canum, Sims, 440.
filamentosum, Forsk., 37.
hians, Benth., 37.
micranthum, Willd., 440.
Odontoschisma Sphagni, Dum., 260 ;
mentioned, 127.
Oracıxeæ of Kinabalu,
Matto Grosso, 337.
Oldenlandia caffra, Eckl. & Zeyh.,
mentioned, 16.
sp., 16.
Oliver, D., help on Bornean coll.,
70; help on Matto Grosso plants
acknowledged, 295.
Olyra latifolia, Zinn., mentioned,
507.*
sp., 507.
Onacrace#& of Matto Grosso, 363.
Oncosperma filamentosum, Blume,
mentioned, 243.
Oplismenus compositus, Beauv., 246.
sylvaticus, Roem. Y Schult., 506.
Orbigny, A. d’, Matto Grosso visited
by, 266.
Orchidese of Borneo (Ridley), 70; of
Kinabalu, 233; of Matto Grosso,
476.
- Origin of flora of Matto Grosso, 293.
Ornithogalum Ecklonii, Schlecht., 51.
Orography of Borneo, 75.
Ortelan, 440.
Orthosiphon coloratus, Vatke, 37.
Kirkii, Baker, nomen *, 37.
Oryctanthus ruficaulis, Kichl., 452;
mentioned, 290.
` Osbeckia canescens, E. Mey., 14.
Othonna Bainesii, Oliver $: Hiern, 22.
coriifolia, Sond., mentioned, 22.
Whyteana, Britten *, 21; figured,
65.
Otomeria dilatata, Hiern, 16.
Ouratea hexasperma, Baill., men.
tioned, 334.
-~ orgyalis, S. Moore *, 334.
purpuripes, S. Moore *, 332.
Riedeliana, Engl., 333.
rosipes, S. Moore *, 333.
simulans, S. Moore *, 334.
tenuifolia, Engl., mentioned,
A. 880.
- verruculosa, Engl., mentioned,
335.
_Oumahung, 357.
Oxalis catharinensis, N. E. Br., 331.
189; of
INDEX.
Oxalis hirsutissima, Zucc., 331 ; men- |
tioned, 272, 290.
sensitiva, Linn., 8.
sepium, var. pieta, A. St.-Hil.,
331.
Oxypetalum capitatum, Mart., men-
tioned, 397.
clavigerum, S. Moore*, 397;
mentioned, 389.
glomeratum, Fourn., mentioned,
398.
Martii, Fourn., mentioned, 397.
proboscideum, Fourn., men-
tioned, 397.
stigmatosum, Fourn., mentioned,
397.
Paco-secora, 483.
Pacourina edulis, Aubl., 384; men-
tioned, 292.
Parma of Kinabalu, 243 ; of Matto
Grosso, 498.
Panicum anisatum, Trin., 504,
var. linearifolia, S. Moore *,
505.
chloriticum, Nees, var. agreste,
S. Moore *, 505.
furcellatum, S. Moore *, 505;
figured, 515.
horizontale, G. F. W. Mey., 504 ;
mentioned, 269.
Kunthianum, Wight & Arn., 246.
laxum, Sw., 506.
leucopheum, 41. B. K., 504.
maximum, Jacq., 505.
megiston, Schult., 506.
milanjianum, Rend.*, 56.
pectinatum, Rend.*, 54, 55;
figured, 67; mentioned, 56.
pilosum, Sw., 506.
polygamum, Sw., 505.
procurrens, Nees, 506.
sanguinale, Linn., var. distans,
504.
stoloniferum, Poir., 506.
Pao terra, 309.
Parameria glandulifera, Benth., 207,
208; mentioned, 114.
—— var. philippinensis, Stapf*,
207.
philippinensis, Radlk., 207, 308.
Para-todo, 424, 425.
Pariana, sp., 507.
zingiberina, Doell, mentioned, | .
507.
Paris, duplicates of Matto Grosso
plants sent to, 295,
Paspalum ansatum, Trin., mentioned,
268.
capillare, Lam., 504.
conjugatum, Berg, 503; men-
tioned, 269.
corypheum, Trin., 504.
ineequivalve, Raddi, 504.
Neesii, Kunth, mentioned, 505.
paniculatum, Linn., 269.
var. minor, S. Moore*, 503.
plantagineum, Linn., mentioned,
505.
simplex, Morong, 503; men-
tioned, 277.
tristachyum, Lam., 504.
tropicum, Doell, 504;
tioned, 268, 505.
Passiflora cincinnata, Mast., 366.
coccinea, Aubl., 365 ; mentioned,
272, 290.
fotida, Linn., var.
S. Moore *, 365.
tricuspis, Mast.,365 ; mentioned,
272.
var. minor, S. Moore *, 365.
vitifolia, H. B. K., 366; men-
tioned, 275.
PassrrroRACEJX of Matto Grosso, 365.
Patersonia borneensis, Stapf*, 242 ;
263 ; mentioned, 106, 125.
glauca, R. Br., mentioned, 106,
241.
Lowii, Stapf*, 241, 263; men-
tioned, 83, 106, 122.
Paullinia angusta, V. E. Br., 340;
mentioned, 292.
elegans, Cambess., 340.
pinnata, Linn., 8.
Pautéra, 309.
Pavetta indica, Linn., mentioned,
179.
limbata, Stapf*, 179;
tioned, 96, 121.
Pavonia Balanse, Guerke, mentioned,
314.
Hieronymi, Guerke, mentioned,
314.
humifusa, A. Juss., mentioned,
315.
Morongii, S. Moore, 313.
Mutisii, H. B. K., var. hexa-
phylla, S. Moore *, 314.
opulifolia, S. Moore *, 314.
men-
strigosa,
men-
Pavonia opulifolia, var. major, S.
Moore *, 315.
Rosa-campestris, A. Juss., 314.
Rosa-sinensis, A. St.-Hil., 269.
speciosa, H. B. K., var. poly-
morpha, Garcke, 313.
velutina, A. Juss., 315.
Pectis filipes, A.Gray, mentioned, 389.
jaliscana, Hook. d Arn., men-
tioned, 389.
jangadensis, S. Moore *, 389;
mentioned, 270.
Peixotoa hirta, Mast., 326 ; figured,
514.
Peltodon pusillus, Pohl, 440.
Pentaphragma, Wall., the
limited to Indo-Malaya, 96.
aurantiaca, Stapf*, 188; men-
tioned, 121.
Pentas mombassana, Hiern, 16, foot-
note.
parvifolia, Hiern, 16, footnote.
purpurea, Oliver, 16.
Pentodon decumbens, Hochst., 16.
Peperomia candida, Mig., 217 ; men-
tioned, 121.
nummularifolia, H. B. K., 447 ;
mentioned, 272, 273.
reflexa, Dietr., 98.
sp., 447.
Pereskia Bleo, DC., 367 ; mentioned,
2776, 292.
Pergularia sanguinolenta, Lindl., 29.
genus
Perrotettia alpestris, Loes., 141;
mentioned, 120.
' var. philippinensis,
Stapf*, 141.
philippinensis, Loes., 141.
sandwicensis, .4. Gray, men-
tioned, 141.
Petiveria alliacea, Linn., 444.
Petræa, Houst., the genus mentioned,
438.
Peucedanum, sp., 15.
Pfaffia glauca, S. Moore *, 443.
vana, S. Moore *, 442. `
Pharnaceum depressum, Linn., 310.
Phaseolus appendiculatus, Benth., 345.
lasiocarpus, Mart., 345; men-
tioned, 276.
Philippia benguellensis, Welw., 24.
milanjiensis, Britten $ Rend.*,
24.
sp., 24.
Philodendron, sp., 502.
INDEX.
Phlomis rugosa, Benth. 216; men-
tioned, 83, 100, 121.
Phoradendron coriaceum,
mentioned, 452.
crassifolium, Hichl., 452.
rubrum, Griseb., 452,
sp., 452.
Photinia integrifolia, Lindl., men-
tioned, 85,
Phragmicoma Pappeana, Nees, 63.
sp., 261.
Phthirusa abdita, S. Moore *, 450.
Bauhinix, S. Moore *, 451.
Mart.,
theloneura, ichl., mentioned,
451.
Theobrome, Eichl., mentioned,
452.
Phylica spicata, Linn. ?, 8.
Phyllagathis elliptica, Stapf, 158,
159 ; mentioned, 120.
tonkinensis, Stapf, mentioned,
159.
uniflora, Stapf,
mentioned, 120.
Phyllanthus nobilis, Muell. Arg., 453.
rotundifolius, Willd., 38.
Sehomburgkianus, Muell. Arg.,
var. guyanensis, Muell. Arg.,
453.
Sellowianus, Muell. Arg., 453.
sp., 38.
Phyllocladus hypsophylla, Hook. f.,
249 ; mentioned, 87, 103, 125, 127.
Physoealymna scaberrimum, Pohl,
363; mentioned, 268.
Physotrichia Buchanani, Benth., 15.
Physurus densiflorus, Lindl., men-
tioned, 480.
Oreadum, S. Moore *, 479.
Puyrtoraccace% of Matto Grosso, 444.
Picramnia ?, 332.
Pilea crassifolia, Stapf*, 228; men-
tioned, 122.
Johniana, Stapf*, 227, 263;
mentioned, 88, 126,
158, 159;
peploides, Hook. $ Arn., men-
tioned, 227.
pterocaulis, Stapf*, 227; men-
tioned, 122.
smilacifolia, Wedd., mentioned,
228.
Pilotrichella imbrieata, Jaeg., 62.
pseudo-imbricata, Jaeg., 62.
Pinanga in Borneo, 243.
sp., 71.
535
Piper asperifolium, Ruiz $ Pav.,
447; mentioned, 268.
asperiplium, 268, err. typ.=
proe.
Betle, Linn., mentioned, 72.
geniculatum, Sw., 447.
orthostachyum, C. DC., 447.
tuberculatum, Jacg., 447 ; men-
tioned, 270.
PrPERACEX of Kinabalu, 217; of
Matto Grosso, 447.
Piriqueta cistoides, G. F. W. Mey.,
364.
fulva, Chapm., 364,
lanceolata, Benth., var. latifolia,
Urb., 364.
viscosa, Griseb., subsp. australis,
Urb., 364.
Pitcher-plants, 74.
Pithecolobium bigeminum, Mart.,
144; mentioned, 89, 119.
Squalus, DC., 422,
stipulare, Benth., 350; men-
tioned, 291.
Plagiochila Rutenbergii,
63.
tenuis, Lindenb., 260; men-
tioned, 123.
Platunia insignis, Mart., mentioned,
311.
sp., 311.
Platyclinis corrugata, Ridl.*, 233;
mentioned, 122.
grandiflora, Ridl.*, 233; men-
tioned, 125, 127.
stachyodes, Ridl.*, 234; men-
tioned, 88, 127.
Platylepis capensis, Kunth, 54.
Platymiscium floribundum,
345.
Platypodium elegans, Vog., 345.
Plectranthus cylindraceus, Hochst.,
mentioned, 36.
elegans, Britten *, 36.
glandulosus, Hook. f., 37.
manganyensis, Baker *, nomen,
37.
Melleri, Baker, 37.
sanguineus, Britten*, 36.
Plethiandra Hookeri, Stapf*, 163 ;
mentioned, 120.
Motleyi, Hook. f., 164.
Gottsche,.
Vog.,
Podocarpus affinis, Seem., 103.
bracteata, Stapf*, 103, 107
[lapsu — neriifolia].
442
‘536
Podocarpus cupressina, R. Br., 249 ; |
mentioned, 84, 86, 102, 107, 125,
126.
elata, R. Br., 103.
elongata, L’Hérit., mentioned,
61.
milanjiana, Rend.*, 61.
neriifolia, D. Don, 249; men-
tioned, 127.
var. brevifolia, Stapf *,
249 ; mentioned, 87 [err. typ.
nervifolia].
polystachya, R. Br., 249.
precupressina, Ettingsh., 103.
Rumphii, Blume, mentioned,
107.
Thunbergii, Hook. f., mentioned,
61.
Pogochloa, S. Moore*, 509.
brasiliensis, S. Moore*, 509;
figured, 516.
Pogonatum macrophyllum, Dozy $
Molkenb., 258 ; mentioned, 123.
Polycarpon apurense, H. B. K.,
310.
Polygala angulata, DO., 309.
hirsuta, A. St.-Hil., 308.
hygrophila, A. B. K., mentioned,
309,
hygrophiloides, S. Moore*, 308.
persicarizefolia, DC., 5.
rhodoptera, Mart., 308.
timoutoides, Chodat, mentioned,
309.
Timoutou, Aubl., mentioned,
309.
venenosa, Juss., mentioned, 119,
120.
virgata, Thunb., 5.
Potyeatace® of Kinabalu, 131; of
Matto Grosso, 308,
Potyeonace® of Kinabalu, 216.
Porxcoxrx of Matto Grosso, 444.
Polygonum acre, H. B. K., 444 ; men-
tioned, 272.
acuminatum, H. B. K., 444.
chinense, Zinn. 216; men-
tioned, 119.
serrulatum, Lag., 39.
Polyosma bracteolata, Stapf, 88, lapsu,
cf. bracteosum.
. bracteosum, Stapf*, 148; men-
tioned, 88, 123. .
Hookeri, Stapf, 148 ; mentioned, |
85, 123,
INDEX.
Polyosma mutabile, Blume, mentioned,
149.
| Polypetale, Whyte's Milanji, 4-16.
Polypodium blechnoides, Hook., 253 ;
mentioned, 125,
clavifer, Hook., 253.
costulatum, Baker, 254.
cucullatum, Nees $ Blume, 253 ;
mentioned, 125.
Havilandii, Baker*, 253 ; men-
tioned, 125,
laciniatum, Blume, 253; men-
tioned, 126.
sordidens, Hook., 253; men-
tioned, 125.
stenophyllum, Blume, 253 ; men-
tioned, 126.
taxodioides, Baker, 253.
Polystachya, sp., 46.
Polytrichum commune, Linn., 62.
PoNTEDERIACEA Of Matto Grosso, 497.
Porophyllum lineare, DC., 388.
ruderale, Cass., 388.
Porotrichum dentatum, Gepp*, 62.
pennsforme, C. Muell., men-
tioned, 63.
Portulaca oleracea, Linn., 310.
pilosa, Linn., 310.
PorTULACACEA of Matto Grosso, 310.
Potentilla barbata, Wall., 147.
leuconota, D. Don, 146; men-
tioned, 88, 105, 126.
var. borneensis, Stapf*,
146.
var. papuana, F. Muell.,
146.
Mooniana, Wight, 146, 147;
mentioned, 105, 126.
var. kinabaluensis, Stapf*,
146.
parvula, Stapf*, 147; men-
tioned, 105, 126.
polyphylla, Wall., 147.
—— var. barbata, Lehm., 147.
Pratia begoniæfolia, Lindl., 101.
borneensis, Hemsl., 188; men-
tioned, 101, 121.
var. grandiflora, Stapf *,
188.
Premna, Linn., the genus mentioned,
438.
cauliflora, Stapf*, 215, 216;
mentioned, 121.
Prestonia Evansii, S. Moore*, 395.
Gaudichaudii, S. Moore*, 396.
Primeval flora of Matto Grosso,
290.
Prosopis
mentioned, 277.
Protea madiensis, Oliver, mentioned,
40.
Nyase, Rend.*, 39.
PRorEACEX of Kinabalu, 220.
Prunus domestica, Linn., mentioned,
311.
Psidium Aracu, Raddi, 354; men-
tioned, 272.
Guayava, Raddi, the host of a
Loranth, 450.
insulincola, S. Moore*, 353;
mentioned, 290,
paraénse, Berg, mentioned, 353.
tripartitum, S. Moore*, 353.
Psittacanthus cordatus, Blume, 450;
mentioned, 276 ; as a host, 452.
Psychotria, Linn., the genus men-
tioned, 335.
aurantiaca, Wall., 179, 181.
Barcellana, Muell. Arg., 380.
crassifolia, Mig., 180.
cujabensis, Schlecht., 377.
densifolia, Stapf*, 182, 262;
mentioned, 85, 124.
erratica, Hook. f., mentioned,
182.
expansa, Blume, 180.
gyrulosa, Stapf*, 180; men-
tioned, 121,
hirtella, Oliver, 16.
homoplasica, S. Moore*, 378;
figured, 514; mentioned, 291,
Ipecacuanha, Stokes, 379.
iteophylla, Stapf*, 181; men-
tioned, 121,
leucophea, Poepp. $ Endl., men-
tioned, 377.
lupulina, Benth.,
291, 377, 378.
malayana, Jack, 179; mentioned,
119.
Marcgravii, Spreng., 377.
montana, Blume, 180.
Oreadum, S. Moore*, 376.
var, viridis, S. Moore*,
377.
Poeppigiana, Muell. Arg., 379,
380.
polycarpa, Hook, f., mentioned,
182.
sciaphila, S. Moore*, 379.
ruscifolia, Griseb., 349;
mentioned,
Psychotria stipulosa, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 378, 379.
subcrocea, Muell. Arg., 377;
mentioned, 272, 274.
var. confusa, Muell. Arg.,
378.
tomentosa, Muell. Arg.,379,380;
mentioned, 269.
tortilis, Blume,
183.
trichophora, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 379.
triphylla, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 291.
viridiflora, Reinw., mentioned,
182.
Uberabana, Muell. Arg., 380.
Pteris incisa, Thunb., 252; men-
tioned, 125.
Pterocarpus melliferus, Welw., 12.
Rohrii, Vahl, 345; mentioned,
276, 292.
Pterolepis trichotoma, Cogn., 360.
Pycreus capillaris, Wees, mentioned,
53.
lanceus, C. B. Clarke, men-
tioned, 53.
nigricans, C. B. Clarke*, 53.
spissiflorus, C. B. Clarke*,
53.
Pygeum capitellatum, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 144.
montanum, Hook. f., mentioned,
144.
oocarpum, Stapf*, 144; men-
tioned, 123.
Wightianum, Blume, mentioned,
144.
mentioned,
377;
Qualea grandiflora, Mart., 309 ; men-
tioned, 271.
parviflora, Mart., 309; men-
tioned, 271.
pilosa, Warm., 309 ; mentioned,
271.
‘Quercus Havilandii, Stapf*, 231,
263; mentioned, 85, 88, 125.
pruinosa, Blume, mentioned,
232.
—— var. alpina, mentioned,
85.
Quesnelia, sp.?, 492.
Radlkofer, Prof. L., help acknow-
ledged, 295.
INDEX.
Radula Boryana, Wees, mentioned,
63.
sp., 63.
Randia densiflora, Benth., 178 ; men-
tioned, 119.
Ruiziana, DC., var. longiflora,
K. Schum., 372; mentioned,
272, 274, 290.
RANUNCULACEZE of Kinabalu, 127,
Ranunculus amerophyllus, F. Muell.,
127, 128; mentioned, 106.
lappaceus, Sm., 127 ; mentioned,
106.
Lowii, Stapf, 127; mentioned,
106, 126.
Muelleri, Benth., 127.
Rauwolffia Blanchetii, A. DC., men-
tioned, 394,
canescens,
394.
mollis, S. Moore*, 393,
serpentina, Benth., 207; men-
tioned, 120.
var. gracilis,
Linn., mentioned,
Stapf*,
207.
Rendle, A. B., on Whyte's Milanji
plants, 43-62.
Renealmia bracteosa, Griseb., men-
tioned, 482.
exaltata, Linn. f., mentioned,
482.
foliosa, S. Moore*, 482; men-
tioned, 268.
Holdeni, S. Moore*, 483; men-
tioned, 272, 290.
occidentalis, Griseb., mentioned,
483.
Rhabdadenia Pohlii, Muell. Arg.,
397 ; mentioned, 276.
Rhacelopus acaulis, Mitt.*, 258.
pilifer, Dozy $ Molkenb., men-
tioned, 258.
Rhacomitrium javanicum, Dozy $
Molkenb., 256; mentioned, 127.
Rhacopilum spectabile, Reinw. $
Hornsch., 260 ; mentioned, 123,
RHAmNacEz of Matto Grosso, 339.
Rhamnidium eleocarpum, Reiss.,
339.
Rheedia Guacoparf, S. Moore*,-310 ;
mentioned, 271.
Gardnerianum, Planch. $
Triana, 311.
macrophylla, Planch. & Triana,
mentioned, 311.
537
Rhizogonium distichum, Brid., 258.
spiniforme, Bruch, 258.
Rhodocalyx rotundifolius, Muell.
Arg., 397 ; mentioned, 273, 290.
Rhododendron, Linn., alluded to, 74,
75.
acuminatum, Hook. f.,
mentioned, 124.
apoanum, Stein, mentioned, 198,
Brookeanum, Low, 196; men-
tioned, 124,
buxifolium, Low, 197; men-
tioned, 126.
crassifolium, Stapf*, 195; men-
tioned, 121.
cuneifolium, Stapf*, 198, 262;
mentioned, 85, 97, 124,
durionifolium, Becc., 197; men-
tioned, 121, 124.
ericoides, Low, 198 ; mentioned,
85, 97, 124.
gracilentum, F. Muell, men-
tioned, 97.
jasminiflorum, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 197.
javanicum, Benn., mentioned,
196.
lacteum, Stapf*,
mentioned, 121.
Lowii, Hook. f., 195; mentioned,
197;
197, 262;
124, 196,
polyanthum, Hook. f. MS.*,
197.
ponticum, Linn. mentioned,
196.
quadrasianum, Vidal, men-
tioned, 198.
rosmarinifolium, Vidal, men-
tioned, 198.
rugosum, Low, 197 ; mentioned,
124,
stenophyllum, Hook. f., 196;
mentioned, 121, 124,
verticillatum, Low, 197; men-
tioned, 124, 126.
vertillatum, Vidal, 198.
Vidalii, Rolfe, mentioned, 198.
Rhus borneensis, Stepy”, 142; men-
tioned, 85, 89, 123.
succedanea, Linn., mentioned,
89, 142,
Rhynchanthera Hænkeana, DO.,
mentioned, 360.
leucorrhiza, S. Moore*, 359,
riparia, S. Moore*, 360,
538
Rhynchanthera secundiflora, Naud.,
mentioned, 360.
Rhynchosia phaseoloides, DC., 345.
Rhynchospora, Willd., see Ryncho-
spora, Vahl, 53.
Rhytiglossa angustifolia, Nees, 434.
obtusifolia, Nees, 433.
origanoides, Nees, 34.
“ Riacho” (=backwater), 276.
Ribes Grossularia, Linn., mentioned,
311.
Richardia scabra, Linn., 384.
Richardsonia grandiflora, Cham. $
Schlecht., 384; mentioned, 272.
pilosa, H. B. K., 384; men-
tioned, 272.
Ridley, H. N., Orchideze of Borneo,
70; of Kinabalu, 233-240.
Riedel, his Matto Grosso collection,
265.
Rio de Janeiro, small set of Matto
Grosso plants sent to, 295.
Rodriguezia secunda, H. B. K., 477;
mentioned, 274, 291.
Rolfe, B. A., African Selago, 16;
identification of Cattleya superba,
476.
Rollinia incurva, S. Moore*, 303.
orthopetala, 4. DC., mentioned,
303.
Rosacez of Kinabalu, 144; of Matto
Grosso, 351.
Rotang Palms in Borneo, 243.
Rourea Doniana, Baker, 342.
Royena, Linn., African species of
(Hiern), 16.
scabrida, Harv., mentioned, 25.
Whyteana, Hiern*, 25,
Rustacem of Kinabalu, 168; of
Matto Grosso, 357.
Rubus alpestris, Blume, 145; men-
tioned, 123.
apetalus, Poir., 13.
fraxinifolius, Poir., 146; men-
tioned, 120.
glomeratus, Blume, 144; men-
tioned, 120.
huillensis, Welw., 13.
lineatus, .Reinw., 145; men-
tioned, 88, 193. .
Lowii, Stapf, 145; mentioned,
74, 123, 126 ; dwarf form, 87.
roseefolius, Sm., 146 ; mentioned,
> OOS HS; 190. ;
frondosa, S. Moore*, 381,
INDEX.
| Rudgea micrantha, Muell. Arg., men-
tioned, 383.
palicourioides, Muell. Arg.,
mentioned, 382.
sp., 382.
viburnoides, Benth., 381 ; men-
tioned, 272,
Ruellia, Plum., a purple-flowered
species, 267.
geminiflora, H. B. K., 425.
var. nudipes, S.Moore*,425.
humilis, Pohl, 426; mentioned, |
273.
patula, Salzm., mentioned, 426.
Puri, Mart., 425.
var. longipetiolata, S.
Moore*, 425.
spp., 426.
Rutaceæ of Kinabalu, 137 ; of Matto
Grosso, 331.
Rynchospora cephalotes, Vahl, 513.
var. interrupta, C. B.
Clarke*, 513.
exaltata, Kunth, 513.
glauca, Vahl, 513; mentioned,
269.
Minarun, Steud., 513.
ochrocephala, Boeck., 53.
Sabia parviflora, Wall., 142; men-
tioned, 98, 120,
SABIACE of Kinabalu, 142.
Sabicea humilis, S. Moore*, 369;
mentioned, 272,
var. lanceolata, S. Moore*,
370.
novo-granatensis, K. Schum.,
369 ; mentioned, 290.
Saccharum Munroanum, Hack., men-
tioned, 57.
purpuratum, Rend.*, 56.
Saccogyna muricella, Mitt.*, 261.
St. John, Spencer, on Borneo, 69, 71.
Salacia dulcis, Benth., mentioned, 338.
laurifolia, Stapf*, 141; men-
tioned, 119.
prinoides, DC., mentioned, 141,
Siputa, S. Moore *, 338; men-
tioned, 271.
Sala is benguelensis, Engl., 24.
Saldanhza lateriflora, Bur., 419.
Salicea, 290; err. typ.=Sabicea,
Aubl. i
Salvertia convallariodora, 4. St.-Hil.,
310 ; mentioned, 267.
SAMYDACEEX of Kinabalu, 164; of
Matto Grosso, 363.
Santa Cruz, its flora, 287 ; tempera-
ture of, 282,
| Saprnpacem of Kinabalu, 142; of
Matto Grosso, 340.
BAPoTACEZ of Matto Grosso, 392.
Saurauja actinidiifolia, ^ Stapf*,
.185; mentioned, 123.
amena, Stapf*, 134; men-
tioned, 119.
ferox, Korth. 134; men-
tioned, 120.
hirsuta, Blume, 134.
Reinwardtiana, Blume, 134.
sakoembangensis, Korth., 134.
setigera, Korth., 135.
singalensis, Korth., 134,
tewensis, Korth., 134.
Sauvagesia erecta, Linn., 308.
SAXIFRAGACEZ of Kinabalu, 148.
Scaphispatha, Brongn., mentioned,
501.
Seapania lepida, Mitt., 261.
Schima brevifolia, Baill., 135; men-
tioned, 85, 123, 126.
Noronhæ, Reinw., mentioned,
135.
Schistomitrium Lowii, Mitt., 256.
Schizea malaccana, Baker, 254;
mentioned, 123.
Schizoglossum barbatum, Britten 4
Rend.*, 27.
elatum, K. Schum., mentioned, 27..
Nyasæ, Britten $ Rend.*, 26.
Schizostachyum Blumei, auct., 248.
Blumii, Nees, 248.
brachycladum, Munro *, 248.
sp., mentioned, 119.
Sehlotheimia rubiginosa, C. H.
Wright *, 257 ; mentioned, 126.
splendida, Mitt.*, 256; men-
tioned, 123, 257.
Wallisii, C. Muell., mentioned,
257.
Schmidelia edulis, A. St.-Hil., 340.
semidentata, Miq., 341.
Scheenus apogon, Roem. $ Schult.,
245; mentioned, 88, 106.
Brownii, Hook. f., 245.
melanostachyus, R. Br., 245;
mentioned, 83, 106, 122, 124.
Schumann, K., helpacknowledged,291..
Schwenkia, Linn., absent from Santa.
Cruz, 289,
Scirpus Clarkei, Stapf*, 244; men-
tioned, 105, 127.
costatus, Boeck., 54,
inundatus, Spreng., 244; men-
tioned, 104, 127.
subcapitatus, Thw., mentioned,
245.
SCITAMINEZ of Kinabalu, 240,
Scleria Flagellum, Sw., 513.
microcarpa, Nees, 513.
Sclerophylax, Miers, mentioned, 409.
Scoparia dulcis, Linn., 408; men-
tioned, 273.
pinnatifida, Cham. $ Schlecht.,
408.
ScRoPHULARIAcEX of Matto Grosso,
406.
ScRoPHULARINEX of Kinabalu, 210.
Scutellaria Livingstonei, Baker*,
nomen, 37.
Scyphostegia, Stapf*, 217, 219.
borneensis, Stapf*, 218, 263;
mentioned, 94, 119.
Seyphosyce, Baill., mentioned, 473,
Seytophyllum laurinum, Eckl. & Zeyh.,
8.
fSebs»a crassulefolia,
Schlecht., 29.
Sebastiana, sp. ? 470.
superba, Muell. Arg., 470.
Secondatia densiflora, A. DC., 395.
Selaginella caulescens, Spring, 255;
mentioned, 123.
Willdenowii, Baker, 256 ; men-
tioned, 123.
SBELAGINELLACEZ of Kinabalu, 255.
Selago, Linn., an African (Rolfe), 16.
milanjiensis, Rolfe *, 35.
Whyteana, Rolfe *, 35.
Sematophyllum convolutum, Jaeg.,
mentioned, 258.
panduriforme, C. H. Wright *,
258; mentioned, 126.
Senecio auriculatissimus, Britten*, 21,
bupleuroides, DC., 21.
latifolius, DC., 21.
lasiorhizus, DC., 21.
Whyteanus, Britten*, 21.
Serjania hebecarpa, Benth., 340.
obtusidentata, Radlic., 340.
perulacea, Radlk., 340; men-
tioned, 268.
Sertuernera glauca, Mart., 443,
Sesbania marginata, Benth., 342.
sp., 343.
Cham. $
INDEX.
Setaria gracilis, H.B.K., 506.
glauca, var. elongata, Pers., 506.
macrostachya, H.B.K., 506.
penicillata, Presl, 506.
Shirwa, Lake, mentioned, 1.
Sida cordifolia, Linn., 312.
Silene Burchelli, Otth, 5.
Silva Manso, P. da, his plants from
Matto Grosso, 266.
SIMARUBACE® of Matto Grosso, 331.
Sipanea biflora, Linn. f., mentioned,
369.
cana, Hook., mentioned, 370.
hispida, Benth.*, 368.
pratensis, Aub/., 368.
Veris, S. Moore*, 368;
tioned, 272.
Siparuna guianensis, Aubl., 450;
mentioned, 272.
Siphocampylus corymbiferus, Pohl,
391.
Siputa tree, 271, 338.
Sirih (=Piper Betle), mentioned, 72.
Sisyrinchium, Linn., its inflorescence
alluded to, 242.
Sloanea Maximowicziana, K. Schum.,
321; mentioned, 275.
Smiacem of Matto Grosso, 496.
Smilax aspericaulis, Wall., 242.
Benthamiana, A. DC., 496.
heterophylla, Rafin., 83.
Kraussiana, Meisn., 50.
levis, Wall., 242; mentioned,
85, 125.
leucophylla, Blume, 242; men-
tioned, 122.
medicinalis, S. Moore*, 496;
mentioned, 272.
odoratissima, Blume, 242 ; men-
tioned, 122.
polyantha, Griseb., 497.
syringoides, Griseb., 496.
Soranacem of Kinabalu, 209; of
Matto Grosso, 404.
Solanum biflorum, Zour., 209; men-
tioned, 121.
bigeminatum, Nees, mentioned,
209.
bimense, Mig., mentioned, 209.
Blumei, Nees, mentioned, 209.
campaniforme, Roem. $ Schult.,
mentioned, 404.
corumbense, S. Moore*, 404.
crassipetalum, Wall., men-
tioned, 209.
men-
| Sphenostigma
539
Solanum denticulatum, Blume, men-
tioned, 209.
gemellum,
405.
læve, Dun., mentioned, 209.
macranthum, Dun., 406.
macrodon, Wall., mentioned, 209.
Mart., mentioned,
nematosepalum, Mig., men-
tioned, 209.
palinacanthum, Dun., men-
tioned, 405.
platanifolium, Hook., mentioned,
406.
saltiense, S. Moore*, 404; men-
tioned, 291.
sisymbrifolium, Lam., 406.
subtruncatum. Wall., men-
tioned, 209.
vexans, S. Moore*, 405.
Sonerila, Roxb., diversity of form in
genus, 159.
Beccariana, Cogn., mentioned,
158.
borneensis, Cogn., 158; men-
tioned, 120. —
var. setulosa, Stapf*, 158.
crassiuscula, Stapf*, 156; men-
tioned, 124,
kinabaluensis, Stapf*,
mentioned, 120.
maculata, Roxb., 157; men-
tioned, 119.
var. glabrata, Stapf*, 157,
picta, Griff., mentioned, 157.
pulchella, Stapf*, 157; men-
tioned, 120.
tenuifolia, Blume, 156;
tioned, 156, 120,
Sorocea grandifolia, S. Moore * , 476;
mentioned, 272.
Klotzschiana,
tioned, 476.
Spathoglottis aurea, Lindl., 238;
mentioned, 122,
Spermacoce dibrachiata, Oliver, 17.
Spheralcea miniata, Spach, var,
leiocarpa, S. Moore*, 313.
Sphagnocetis communis, Nees, 260.
geniculata, Klatt,
mentioned, 493.
gramineum, S. Moore*, 493.
Spigelia Humboldtiana, Cham. &
Schlecht., 393,
Spilanthes Acmella, Zinn., 20.
urens, Jacq., 388.
156;
men-
Baill., men-
540
Spiny plants not frequent at Cuyabá,
286.
Spiranthes grandiflora, Lindl., 479 ;
mentioned, 268.
Spondias lutea, Linn., 342; men-
tioned, 271.
Sponia micrantha, Decne., 471.
Stachys sethiopica, Linn., 37.
Stachytarpheta dichotoma,
439 ; mentioned, 269.
Stapf, Otto, Floraof Kinabalu,69—263.
Stathmostelma incarnatum, A.
Schum., 28.
reflexum, Britten $ Rend.*, 27;
figured, 66; mentioned, 28.
rhacodes, K. Schum., mentioned,
28.
Welwitschii, Britten $ Rend.*,
28, in note.
Stellaria media, Cyr., 6.
Stemodia, Linn., not found at Santa
Cruz, 289.
Stenandrium affine, S. Moore*, 426.
hirsutum, Nees, mentioned, 427.
mandioccanum, Nees, mentioned,
428.
precox, S. Moore*, 426.
Riedelianum, Nees, mentioned,
426.
spathulatum, S. Moore*, 427.
villosum, Nees, mentioned, 427.
Stenorhynchus australis, Lindl., 479 ;
mentioned, 268.
Stephanophysum longifolium, Pohl,
425.
sp., mentioned, 267.
Sterculia ensifolia, Mast., mentioned,
im.
gracilis, Korth., mentioned 136.
rubiginosa, Vent.,mentioned,136,
sp., from Penang, 136,
translucens, Stapf*, 136; men-
tioned, 82, 120.
SrERcvLIACE: of Kinabalu, 136; of
Matto Grosso, 316.
Stereodon penicillatus, Mitt., men-
tioned, 260.
pilosulus, Mitt., mentioned, 260.
psilurus, Mitt., mentioned, 260.
surcularis, Mitt., mentioned,
260.
Stigmaphyllon calcaratum, N. E. Br.,
326 ; mentioned, 292.
| Stilpnopappus viridis, Benth., 385 ;
mentioned, 273, 290.
Vahl,
INDEX.
Storm, John, his help acknowledged,
295.
Storm, Lieut. Olaf, his help acknow-
ledged, 295.
Stormia, S. Moore*, 300.
brasiliensis, S. Moore*, 300;
figured, 514; mentioned, 272.
Stranvesia Davidiana, Decne., men-
tioned, 148.
glaucescens, Lindl., mentioned,
148.
integrifolia, Stapf *, 147 ; men-
tioned, 85, 87, 97, 126.
Streblosa urticina, Stapf *, 182, 262;
mentioned, 83, 120.
Strobilanthes aspera, Decne., men-
tioned, 215.
Galeopsis, Stapf*, 215; men-
tioned, 121, 124.
kinabaluensis, — Stapf*,
mentioned, 119.
paniculata, Mig., mentioned, 214.
Struthanthus polyanthus, Mart., 452,
var. mattogrossensis, jS.
Moore*, 452 ; mentioned, 270.
Strychnos mattogrossensis, S. Moore*,
392.
214;
?
var. sarmentosa, S. Moore*,
393.
nigricans, Prog., mentioned, 393.
smilacina, Benth., mentioned,
393.
sp., 393.
Stylosanthes viscosa, Sw., 343.
Sryracem of Kinabalu, 204.
Summit zone of Kinabalu, 86.
Symplocos adenophylla, Wall., 204 ;
mentioned, 121, 124.
bancana, Miq., 204.
bractealis, Thw., mentioned, 206.
buxifolia, Stapf*, 206; men-
tioned, 87, 126.
deflexa, Stapf*, 205, 206 ; men-
tioned, 124.
iteophylla, Miq., 204.
Johniana, Stapf*, 206; men-
tioned, 121.
læteviridis, Stapf*, 205; men-
tioned, 121.
minor, C. B. Clarke, mentioned,
206.
ramosissima, Wall., mentioned,
205.
zizyphoides, Stapf*, 205, 206 ;
mentioned, 124.
Symphorema, Roxb., mentioned, 438..
Syrrhopodon albovaginatus, Schwagr.,.
256.
involutus, Schwdgr., 256.
rufescens, Hook. $ Grev., 256.
Tabebuia aurea, Benth d Hook. f.,
423 ; mentioned, 267, 268,
Avellanede, Lor., 424; men-
tioned, 267, 292.
chapadensis, S. Moore*, 422,
hemantha, DC., mentioned 423..
nodosa, Griseb,, 422; mentioned,
277.
spp., 424.
trachycarpa, Griseb., mentioned,
422.
triphylla, DC., mentioned, 423.
Tabernæmontana angolensis, Stapf,
mentioned, 25.
hirtula, Mart., 395 ; mentioned,.
290.
oblongifolia, A. DC., 395.
Stapfiana, Britten*, 25.
ventricosa, Hochst., 25. -
Taccarum Weddellianum, Brongn.,.
502.
Talinum crassifolium, Willd., 310;
mentioned, 276.
Tamarindo do Campo, 312.
Tamberlik, an unknown Brazilian
collector, 266.
Tapirira guianensis, Aubl., 342.
Tapura amazonica, Poepp. $ Endl.,
var. ciliata, Baill., 336.
Taraxacum officinale, Weber, 110.
Taruma fruit, 440.
Taubert, Dr., help acknowledged, 295.
Taxithelium Dubyanum, Mitt.*, 259 ;
mentioned, 123,
Telanthera geniculata, S. Moore*,
443,
puberula, Mog., mentioned, 443.
Temperature of Matto Grosso, 278—
283.
Tephrosia adunca, Benth., 342.
barbigera, Welw., mentioned, 9..
brevipes, Benth., 342; men-
. tioned, 277, 292.;
linearis, Pers., 9.
Nyase, Baker f.*, 9.
sericea, Baker, 9.
Whyteana, Baker f.*, 9.
Teramnus volubilis, Sw., 344; men-
tioned, 277, 292.
Terminalia festinata, S. Moore*, 352.
Riedlii, Hichl., mentioned, 352.
Ternstremia bancana, Miq., men-
tioned, 133.
coriacea, Scheff., mentioned, 133.
Lowii, Stapf *, 132 ; mentioned,
123.
TERNSTREMIACEE of Kinabalu, 132;
of Matto Grosso, 311.
Tetrapteris metallicoloris, A. Juss.,
mentioned, 327.
pilifera, S. Moore*, 326.
precox, S. Moore*, 327; men-
tioned, 267.
ramiflora, A. Juss., mentioned,
328.
Thalia geniculata, Linn., 487 ; men-
tioned, 276.
Thalictrum minus, Linn., mentioned,
230.
rhynchocarpum, Dillon $ A.
Rich., 5.
Thesium nigricans, Rend.*, 41.
Wightianum, Wall., mentioned,
42,
Whyteanum,
figured, 67.
Thevetia bicornuta, Muell, Arg., 394;
mentioned, 277, 292.
paraguayensis, Britton, 394.
Thinouia, Planch. & Triana, remarks
on generic name, 341.
paraguensis, S. Moore*, 341.
sepium, S. Moore*, 341; men-
tioned, 276, 292.
Thouinia paraguensis, Britton, 341.
Thryallis Laburnum, S. Moore*, 324;
mentioned, 276.
var. minor, S. Moore *,
324.
Thuidium, sp., 62.
Thunbergia alata, Boj., 30.
fragrans, Rowb., 214;
tioned, 119.
Kirkiana, T. Anders., 29.
lancifolia, T. Anders., 30.
Thyallis, 276, err. typ.=Thryallis.
THYMELÆACES of Kinabalu, 221.
Tibouchina stenocarpa, Cogn., 360;
: mentioned, 269.
ÜTinnickx of Kinabalu, 136; of
.. Matto Grosso, 320.
Tillæa aquatica, Linn., 13.
Tillandsia atrichoides, S. Moore*, 491.
loliacea, Mart., 491.
Rend.*, 42;
men-
INDEX.
Tillandsia streptocarpa, Baker, 491 ;
mentioned, 292.
undulata, Baker, 491.
Tinge-lingua, 357.
Tococa formicaria, Mart., 362 ; men-
tioned, 269,
Tocoyena hirsuta, Moric., 372; men-
tioned, 270.
Tocúm Palm, 272, 500.
Tolpis abyssinica, Sch. Bip., 22.
Tovomita, Aubl., alluded to, 311.
Tozzia, Linn., mentioned, 409.
Trachymene humilis, Hook. f., men-
tioned, 167, 168.
saniculefolia, Stapf, 167; men-
tioned, 85, 86, 88, 106, 124,
126.
Treculia, Decne., mentioned, 473.
Trichocolea tomentella, Nees, var.
pluma, Nees, 261; mentioned,
123.
Trichodesma physaloides, A. DC.,
29,
Tricholeena rosea, Nees, 58.
sp., 58.
Trichomanes apiifolium, Pres/, 251 ;
mentioned, 122, 125.
digitatum, Sw., 250.
Filicula, Bory, 250.
maximum, Blume, 251; men-
tioned, 122.
microchilum, Baker*, 250; men-
tioned, 125.
pallidum, Blume, 250.
Pluma, Hook., 251; mentioned,
122.
rigidum, Sw., 251; mentioned,
122, 125.
trichophyllum, T. Moore, 251;
mentioned, 122.
Trichospira menthoides, H. B. K.,
388.
Tricuspis latifolia, Griseb., 510.
Trigonotis, Stev., alluded to, 210.
Trigyneia brasiliensis, Benth. &
Hook. f., 300.
Triplaris, Loefl., mentioned, 335; the
host of a Psittacanthus, 450.
brasiliana, Cham., 445.
formicosa, S. Moore*, 444;
figured, 514; mentioned,
211.
sp., 445. |
tomentosa, Wedd., mentioned, |
445.
SECOND SERIES.—BOTANY, VOL. IV.
54l
Tristania bilocularis, Stapf*, 152.
mentioned, 123.
burmanica, Griff, mentioned,
152.
elliptica, Stapf*, 151, 262 ;
mentioned, 120.
Wightiana, Griff, mentioned,
152,
Triumfetta geoides, Welw., 7.
graveolens, Blume, 136.
Mastersii, Baker f.*, 6,
Rehmanni, Szyszyl, 7.
rhomboidea, Jacq., 136.
subhirtella, Miq., 136.
suffruticosa, Blume, 136; men-
tioned, 119.
Welwitschii, Mast., 6, 7.
Welwitschii, Mast., partim, 7,
Trixis ophiorrhiza, Gardn., 391;
mentioned, 269.
Tryphostemma apetalum, Baker f.*,
14; figured, 65.
trilobum, Bolus, 15.
zanzibarieum, Mast., mentioned,
14.
Tshambi mountain, mentioned, 2.
Turnera chrysodoxa, S. Moore*, 364 ;
mentioned, 269.
dolichostigma, Urban, mentioned,
365.
odorata, Rich., 365; mentioned,
272.
TurneracE® of Matto Grosso, 364.
UMBELLIFERZE of Kinabalu, 167.
Unona brasiliensis, Baill., 300.
Upper Mountain zone of Borneo, 83.
Uralepis, Spreng., genus mentioned,
510.
Urginea maritima, Baker, 50.
Nyase, Rend.*, 50.
Urophyllum corymbosum, Korth.,
mentioned, 176.
cyphandrum, Stapf *, 176; men-
tioned, 124.
lineatum, Stapf*, 177; men-
tioned, 88, 120.
longidens, Stapf*, 178; men-
tioned, 124.
salicifolium, Stapf*, 177; men-
tioned, 121, 178.
streptopodium, Wall., mentioned,
178.
subanurum, Stapf*, 175; men-
tioned, 124.
4B
542
Urricacez of Kinabalu, 226.
Urubamba, 272, 498.
Utricularia orbiculata, Wall.,
mentioned, 83, 104, 121.
211;
Vaccinium, Linn., 74.
africanum, Britten *, 23; figured,
65.
arbutoides, C. B. Clarke, men-
tioned, 189.
buxifolium, Hook. f., 189 ; men-
tioned, 124, 126.
cereum, Forst., mentioned, 190.
cordifolium, Stapf*, 189, 262;
mentioned, 124.
coriaceum, Hook. f., 189 ; men-
tioned, 124.
Hasseltii, Mig., mentioned, 190.
micrantherum, Stapf*, 190;
mentioned, 121.
pachydermum, — Stapf*,
mentioned, 121, 124.
sp. aff. Teysmannii, Mig., men-
tioned, 189.
sp. aff. varingiefolio, Mig., 189.
Vitis-Idea, Linn., mentioned,
150.
Vasconcellos, Lt.-Col. A. R. de, obs.
on temperature, 278.
Vanilla ensifolia, Rolfe, 479; figured,
515; mentioned, 275, 289.
planifolia, Andr., mentioned, 479.
sp., 479.
Valeriana capensis, Thunb., 17.
Veitch, Messrs., Burbidge employed
. by them in Borneo, 71.
Vellozia splendens, Rend.*,
figured, 67.
Verbena aristigera, S. Moore*, 439.
crinoides, Lam., mentioned, 439.
juncea, Hook. & Gill., 437.
scoparia, Hook. & Gill., 437.
VerBENACE® of Kinabalu, 215; of
Matto Grosso, 434.
Vernonia adoénsis, Sch. Bip., men-
ie tioned, 18.
desertorum, Mart., 384.
~ drymaria, Klatt, mentioned, 18.
. . ferruginea, Less., 385.
var. platycephala, Baker,
189 ;
49 ;
glabra, Vatke, 17.
ss arginata, Oliver $; Hiern, 17.
~ natalensis, Sch. Bip., 18.
INDEX.
Vernonianatalensis, Sch. Bip. var., 18.
obovata, Less., 384; mentioned,
267. ;
pinifolia, Less., mentioned, 18.
Poskeana, Vatke $ Hildebr., 17.
pteropoda, Oliver $ Hiern, 17.
remotiflora, Rich., var. tricho-
lepis, Baker; 384.
. rubricaulis, Humb. $ Bonpl., 384.
scabra, Pers. 384; mentioned,.
267.
var. acuminata, S. Moore*,
384.
tricholepis, DC., 384,
Whyteana, Britten *, 17.
Veronica, T'ourn., mentioned, 409,
Vienna, 4th set of Matto Grosso
plants, 295. .
Vigna luteola, Benth., 10.
vexillata, Benth., 10.
Vincentia latifolia, Nad., 945.
Viola abyssinica, Steud., 5,
distans, Wall., 131.
serpens, Wall., 131 ; mentioned,
83, 100, 120.
Viotacem of Kinabalu,
Matto Grosso, 306.
Vismia decipiens, Cham. $ Schlecht.,
310.
japurensis, Reichardt, 310 ; men-
tioned, 272, 290.
Vitex cymosa, Bert., 440 ; mentioned,
270; host of a Loranth, 452.
madiensis, Oliver, mentioned, 36.
milanjiensis, Britten *, 36,
Vitis albida, Baker, mentioned, 340.
erosa, Baker, 339.
hastata, Planch., 141.
sagittifolia, M. Laws., 141.
serpens, Baker, 8.
sp., 8, 339.
Vittaria sulcata, Kuhn, 254; men-
tioned, 126.
Vochysia divergens, Pohl, 309.
Vochysiacea ?, host of Loranthaceæ,
451, 452.
Vocurstacex of Matto Grosso, 309.
Vriesea corcovadensis, Mez, men-
tioned, 492.
Sanctæ-crucis, S. Moore*, 491.
131; of
Wahlenbergia oppositifolia, A. DO.,
23.
sp., 23.
Waltheria viscosissima, 4. St.-Hil.,
318; mentioned, 267.
Warburg, Dr. O., his help acknow-
ledged, 295.
Weather at Santa Cruz, 289,
Weddell, H. A., his Matto Grosso
plants, 266.
Wendlandia paniculata, DC., 168 :
mentioned, 120,
Whitehead, John, Bornean explora-
tion, 71.
Whyte, A., Milanji plants, 1-67.
Widentegtoniá juniperoides, Endl.,
mentioned, 61, 67.
Whytei, Rend.*, 60, 67.
Willughbeia Burbidgei, Dyer, 207.
firma, Blume, 207; mentioned,
119,
Wissadula decora, S. Moore*, 312.
gymnanthema, K. Schum., men-
tioned, 313,
periplocifolia, Presl, 313.
Wormskioldia longipedunculata,
Mast., 14.
Wright, C. H., Mosses of Borneo, 70 ;
of Kinabalu, 255.
Wulffia stenoglossa, DO., 388.
Xylopia grandiflora, A. St.-Hil., 305,
269 ; position of leaves, 286.
Zamia Brongniartii, Wedd., 513;
mentioned, 274, 288, 291.
Poeppigiana, Mart. $ Engl., in
Peru, 288.
Zephyranthes cearensis, Baker, men-
tioned, 495.
lactea, S. Moore*,
tioned, 270.
ZINGIBERACEX of Matto Grosso, 480.
Zizyphus Lotus, Lam.,mentioned, 206.
Mistol, Griseb., mentioned, 339.
oblongifolius, S. Moore*, 339;
figured, 514; mentioned, 292.
Spina-Christi, Willd., mentioned,
206.
Zones of vegetation in Borneo, 80—
88; of distribution of flora of
Kinabalu, 119—127.
Zornia diphylla, Pers., var. gracilis,
Benth., 343.
Zygella, S. Moore*, 493-495. .
495; men-
graminea, S. Moore*, 494;
figured, 515, 516; mentioned,
272.
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