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FLORA CAPENSIS:
: BEING A
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANTS
OF THE
Ns COLONY, CAFFRARIA, ‘AN D PORT NATAL
(AND NEIGHBOURING TERRITORIES) }
By VARIOUS BOTANISTS.
EDITED BY one, h
Sir WILLIAM T, THISELTON-DYER, ou 0. Mei “=
C.LE., LLD., F.R.8. *
HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CH.RCI, OXFORD, git =
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. ao we “
PUBLISHED UNDER THE: AUTHORITY OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF TRE iy
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE AND’ NATAL. a aes
. * t
9 / LONDON: Ke
LOVELL, REEVE & 30. Lourep,
PUBLISHERS TO THE HOME, COLONIAL, AN D INDIAN GOVERNMENTS,
ty 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
OU 1904.
ee,
DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE SEVERAL PARTS
THIS VOLUME.
| 2 aes
Part I, pp. 1-192, was published February, 1904,
Parr IT., pp. 193-384, was published July, 1904.
Parr IIL, pp. 385-479, was published October, 1904.
QRIOS
\AO4
ve
FLORA CAPENSIS:
BEING A
Systematic Description of the Plants
OF THE
CAPE COLONY, CAFFRARIA, & PORT NATAL
(AND NEIGHBOURING TERRITORIES)
BY
VARIOUS BOTANISTS.
BUSTED BY
SIR WILLIAM T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G.,
C.LE., LG-D., Se.D., F.R.S.
HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD.
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.
Published under the authority of the Governments of the
Cape of Good Hope and Natal.
VOLUME IV. Skgction 2, —
HYDROPHYLLACEM TO PEDALINEA.
LONDON
. LOVELL REEVE & CO., LTD.,
6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
Publishers to the Home, Colonial, & Envian Goveraments,
; 1904,
Mo. Bot. Garden
1905
PREFACE.
On the completion of Volume VII., it was intended to take
up the work with Volume IV. at the point at which it had
been left by Professor Harvey and Dr. Sonpgr. It was
found, however, that owing to the large increase of material,
it would be necessary to divide the volume into two sections,
Unforeseen but unavoidable difficulties arose in dealing with
the first section, the preparation of which, however, is now
far advanced. In the meantime it seemed unadvisable to
delay the publication of the second section, which is now
completed.
The smaller orders have been worked out by members of
the Kew staff past and present.
For the Scrophulariacex, so extensively represented in South
Africa, I am indebted to W. P. Hiern, Esq., F.R.S.
For the limits of the regions under which the localities in
which the species have been found to occur are cited, reference
may be made to the preface to Volume VI.
I have again to acknowledge the assistance I have received
from Mr, C. H. Wricat, A.L.S., and Mr. N. E. Brown,
A.L.S., Assistants in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic
-Gardens—the former in reading the proofs, and the latter in
working out the geographical distribution,
Besides the maps already cited in the prefaces to Volumes
VI. and VII., the following have also been used :—
Map of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope and neigh-
bouring territories. Compiled from the best available infor-
mation. By Joun Tempter Horvg, Surveyor-General. 1895.
Stanford’s new map of the Orange Free State and the
southern part of the South African Republic, &e. 1899.
Carte du Thédtre de la Guerre Sud-Africaine. Par le &
Colonel Camille Favre. 1902.
vi PREFACE,
To the South African correspondents enumerated in the
preface to Volume VI., I have again to tender my acknow-
ledgments for the contribution of specimens.
I must further record my obligations to others, and
especially to those whose aid in various ways has been of the
greatest value in the preparation of the volume :—
Harry Bou.vs, Esq., D.Sc., F.L.S., besides transmitting to
Kew on loan the whole of the South African Scrophulariacex
in his herbarium, has contributed a valuable series of speci-
mens belonging to the order.
Geheimrath Dr. A. Enoarzr, Director of the Botanic
Garden and Museum, Berlin, has contributed Pondoland
plants collected by Bachman.
Davin Exnest Hurcuins, Esq., Conservator of Forests and
Consulting Forest Officer, Cape Colony, has sent specimens
from the Woodbush Mountains, Transvaal.
Lieut. J. W. C. Kirk has sent a small collection from
Komati Poort, Transvaal.
_ Dr. Hans Scurnz, Director of the Botanic Garden and
Museum, Zurich, has contributed numerous specimens
collected by Schlechter and others,
Dr, Sermar Scwintanp, Curator of the Albany Museum,
Grahamstown, has sent a specimen of Rhigozwm obovatum.
Dr. ALEXANDER ZAHLBRUCKNER, Keeper of the Botanic
Collections of the Naturhistorische Hofmuseum, Vienna, has
lent types of Utricularia.
It only remains again to add that the expenses of prepara-
tion and publication of the present volume have been aided
by grants from the-Cape Colony and Natal.
Kew. October, 1904,
Se NCES ane
SEQUENCE OF ORDERS CONTAINED IN VOL. IV.
SECT. 2, WITH BRIEF CHARACTERS.
Continuation of Series III. Bicarpectata. Ord. XCI.—C.
Conort viii. PonemMoniates. Corolla regular. Stamens as many as
the corolla-lobes and alternate with them. eaves usually alternate.
XCI. HYDROPHYLLACE (page 1). Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely
contorted. Ovaryspuriously 2-celled (in the South African species);
ovules numerous; style deeply bifid. Capsule loculicidal. Rabie
small; albumen fleshy. (Annual or perennial erect scabrid or
spiny herbs. Leaves rarely opposite. Flowers cymose or solitary.)
XCII. BORAGINEZ: (page 2). Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely con-
torted. Ovary 4-celled; ovules usually solitary; style entire or
2-4-fid. Nutlets 2 1-2-seeded or 4 1-seeded. Embryo rather
large; radicle superior; albumen scanty or none. (Annual or —
perennial herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves usually alternate, exstipulate.
Inflorescence a dichotomous cyme with helicoid branches, or a unilateral
raceme or spike.)
XIII. CONVOLVULACE (page 45). Corolla-limh plicate, rarely |
imbricate. Ovary 1—4-celled; cells 2- (rarely 1- or 4-)ovuled.
Embryo with broad plicate cotyledons or much curved; radicle
inferior; albumen scanty or none. (Herbs or shrubs, idles eld
twining, or leafless parasites. Leaves usually exstipulate. wers
solitary or cymose.)
XCIV. SOLANACEAS (page 87). Corolla-limb plicate, rarely imbricate.
Ovary 2-5-celled; ovules numerous. Lmbryo straight or spiral ;
albumen fleshy. (Herbs or erect or climbing shrubs, Leaves alternate,
geminate or verticillate, sometimes stellately tomentose. Cymes
terminal, leaf-opposed or extra-axillary or flowers solitary.)
Conort ix. PrrsonaLes. Corolla usually irregular or oblique.
Stamens 2 or 4. Ovules numerous or 2 supe
XCV. SCROPHULARIACE (page 121). Ovary perfectly 2-celled,
Seeds usually albuminous. (Herbs or small shrubs. Leaves opposite,
alternate or verticillate. In various.)
XOVI. OROBANCHACEA: (page 421). Ovary 1-celled; placentas 4,
parietal. (Leafless parasitic herbs. Spikes or racemes terminal, few- s :
or many-flowered.) :
XCVII. LENTIBULARIE (page 423). Ovary 1-celled; placenta
globose or ovoid, basal. (Small aquatic or marsh herbs, furnished
with small bladders. Racemes terminal or axillary, simple or
branched.)
Vill SEQUENCE OF ORDERS.
XCVIII. GESNERACEA: (page 437). Ovary 1-celled; placentas 2,
parietal, much intruded. (Herbs, nearly or quite stemless in the
South African species. Cymes lax, many- (rarely 2-)flowered.)
XCIX. BIGNONIACEA! (page 447). Ovary 2- (rarely 1-)celled;
ovules numerous, in more or less regular rows. Seeds usually flat —
with a broad wing, exalbuminous. (7rees or shrubs, frequently _
twining or climbing, very rarely herbs. Leaves usually opposite and —
compound. Flowers paniculate or racemose, often large.)
C. PEDALINEZ (page 454). Ovary 2-4- (rarely 1-)celled; cells 1-
to many-ovuled. Seeds sometimes winged; albumen very thin.
(Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees. Leaves
opposite or the upper alternate, simple. Flowers usually solitary and
axillary.)
FLORA CAPENSIS.
Orper XCI. HYDROPHYLLACEZ,
(By OC. H. Wrieur.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx inferior, 5- or 10-12.
lobed, sometimes appendiculate in the sinus. Corol/a funnel-shaped,
salver-shaped, campanulate or rotate ; lobes 5 or 10-12, imbricate,
rarely contorted. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, usually
fixed near the base of the corolla-tube, exserted or included ; fila-
ments filiform, sometimes dilated or appendiculate at the base ;
anthers ovate, oblong or linear, versatile, dehiseing by two longi-
tudinal slits. Disk hypogynous, small or 0. Ovury superior, either
l-celled -with 2 parietal placentas, or imperfectly or perfectly
2-celled ; style filiform, 2-fid, or styles 2, free; stigmas terminal,
small or capitate; ovules 2-2, anatropous or amphitropous.
“Capsule loculicidally (rarely septicidally) 2-valved, or dehiscing
irregularly. Seeds oblong, globose or angled, 2-c, tubercled,
reticulate or rugose, rarely smooth; albumen fleshy; embryo
usually less than } the length of the albumen, straight; cotyledons
plano-convex or semiterete.
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely suffrutescent, usually hirsute or scabrid,
sometimes densely bristly or spiny ; leaves radical or alternate, rarely opposite,
entire, toothed or pinnately (rarely palmately) lobed; flowers usually subsessile
along one side of the branches of a bifid or dichotomous scorpioid cyme, some-
times in simple spikes or racemes, or axillary.
Disrais. Genera 16 (1 only in South Africa); species about 150, chiefly in
Western North America, a few extending along the Andes to Chili; also in the
tropics of the Old World, and the Sandwich Islands, 1 in Japan.
I. CODON, Linn.
Calyx-lobes 10-12, linear, the alternate sometimessmaller. Corolla
widely campanulate, very slightly constricted at the middle, without
scales inside; lobes 10-12, broad, oblong, imbrieate, the alternate
wider at the base. Stamens 10-12, slightly unequal; filaments
hirsute below the middle; anthers oblong. Ovary spuriously 2-
celled by the intrusion of the placentas ; style filiform, usually short,
2-fid ; stigmas small; ovules numerous. Capsule 2-valved; valves
bearing the placentas on their centres. Seeds small, numerous,
globose or angular, rugose.
Erect herbs, clothed all over with straight white spines; leaves alternate,
petioled, undivided; margins entire or sinuate-dentate; flowers cymose at the
upex of the branches or solitary. ;
YOL, IY.——SECT. II, BD
2 HYDROPHYLLACER (Wright). [ Codon.
DistriB, Species 2, one extending into Tropical Africa.
Corolla 12 lin. long, white and purple... 0... ees we. (1) Royeni.
Corolla 6 lin. long, yellow ies “vs wee ane ... (2) Schenckii.
1. C. Royeni (Linn. Syst. ed. 12, 292); whole plant about 1 ft.
high, pubeseent and furnished with straight spines 3 lin. long;
stem terete, up to 4 lin. in diam. ; leaves ovate, cordate or rounded
at the base, more or less sinuate, fleshy, 2 in. long, 1 in. wide ;
petiole 9 lin. long ; calyx-lobes linear, obtuse, 6-10 lin. long, }-1 lin.
broad ; corolla white, spotted or striped with purple; tube 6 lin.
long; lobes 6 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate, rounded at the apex,
midribs conspicuous ; filaments subulate, 7 lin. long ; anthers 2 lin.
long, versatile ; ovary globose; style filiform. Andr. Rep. t. 325 ;
Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 389; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 93; A.DC. in DC. Prod. x. 589 ; Engl. in Engl. Jahr6.
x. 247. C. aculeatum, Gaertn. Fruct. ii. 88, t. 95, fig. T.
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Forster /
CenTRAL ReEGIon: Ceres Div.; at Yuk River, near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1237!
WesteRN ReGion: Little Namaqualand; near Spektakel, MacOwan and
Bolus, Herb. Norm. Afr. Aust.,305! between Verleptpram and the mouth of
the Orange River, under 1000 ft., Drége! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Bokkeveld
Flats, between Oliphants River and Kamos, Zeyher, 1263!
Also in Hereroland.
2. C. Schenckii (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx.
173); herbaceous or suffruticose, erect, 12-15 in. high, densely
covered with glandular hairs, yellowish when young, white when old,
spiny ; leaves lanceolate, acute, 14 in. long, 7 lin. broad, margins
irregularly undulate; petiole 9 lin. long; flowers solitary, shortly
pedicelled or subsessile ; calyx 10-12-partite, hairy ; corolla yellow,
campanulate, sparingly hirsute; tube 3 lin. long; lobes 10-12, 3 lin.
long ; filaments unequal ; style bifid ; capsule ovoid, shortly rostrate.
Engl. in Engl. Jahrb, x. 248. C. Dreget, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 92, 174, name only. CO. luteum, Marloth
§ Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. ix. Beibl. 20, 3, name only; Engl. Jahrb.
x. 248 (/utea).
WESTERN REGION: Great Namaqualand; Gubub, Schenck, 17. Little
Namaqualand ; between Hollegat River and the Orange River, 1000-1500 ft.,
Drége !
Extending into Tropical Africa.
Orper XCII. BORAGINEZ.
(By C. H. Wricut.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, very rarely polygamous by abortion,
regular, more rarely irregular, Calyx inferior, sometimes persistent ;
tube campanulate or cylindrical, sometimes very short; lobes 5,
rarely fewer or 6-8, longer or shorter than the tube, slightly imbricate
or open, rarely valvate. Corolla funnel-shaped, tubular, salver-
shaped, campanulate or rotate, 5- (rarely 4- or 6-00 -) lobed, often
‘BORAGINEE (Wright). 3 3
with scales or folds in the throat; lobes imbricate, rarely plicate
or contorted. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, fixed in the
throat or tube of the corolla, equal or slightly unequal ; filaments
filiform or dilated at the base, sometimes with a scale at the base;
anthers ovate, oblong or linear, obtuse or with produced connective,
dorsifixed, more or less 2-lobed at the base; cells parallel, longi-
tudinally and introrsely or laterally dehiscent, Disk annular, entire
or 5-lobed, sometimes inconspicuous or obsolete. Ovary superior,
confluent at the base with the disk, bicarpellate, entire or more or
less completely 2—4-lobed, 4-celled; style terminal on the entire,
gynobasic in the lobed ovary, filiform or columnar, entire or onee or
twice divided ; stigma terminal or annular below the apex of the
style, entire or 2-lobed; ovule solitary, erect or fixed to the inner
angle of the cell. Fruit fleshy and enclosing 4 pyrenes, or dry and
divided into 2 2-celled pyrenes or into 4 (or by abortion fewer)
l-celled nutlets, flat or concave at the base, usually more or less
oblique, spiny, rugose or smooth. Seeds erect, oblique or almost
horizontal, straight or curved ; testa membranous; albumen fleshy,
eopious, sparing or none; embryo straight or curved; cotyledons flat,
plano-convex or thick and fleshy, entire, rarely 2-fid or plicate;
radicle usually much shorter than the cotyledons.
Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, very rarely climbing, scabrid-
pubescent, hispid, bristly, softly tomentose, woolly or glabrous; stipules none ;
leaves alternate, very rarely opposite or whorled, entire, dentate or very rarely
lobed ; inflorescence normally a dichotomous cyme with helicoid branches, some-
times a simple unilateral raceme or spike or an irregularly trichotomous panicle,
more rarely of 1-2 flowers in the axils of the leaves ; bracts leafy, small or none ;
flowers blue, violet, white, yellow, very rarely red. 3
Distris. Genera about 70, species about 1200, cosmopolitan.
Mertensia siberica, Don, a common North American and Siberian plant, has
been collected by Gilfillan (in Herb. Galpin, 6235 partly) near Johannesburg,
where it was no doubt an introduction. A second species of Mertensia was
collected at the same time and place, but the material is insufficient for specific
determination.
, * Ovary entire or slightly 4-lobed ; style terminal.
{ Style once or twice forked.
I. Cordia.—Cotyledons plicate ; albumen none.
11. Ehretia.—Cotyledons flat or plano-convex ; albumen scanty.
{+} Style entire or very shortly 2-lobed.
Ill, Tournefortia.—Fruit fleshy, rarely corky, enclosing two 2-celled or four
1-celled pyrenes. 2.
1V. Heliotropium.— Fruit at length dividing into four separate nutlets, or the
nutlets united into 2 pairs.
** Ovary deeply 4-lobed ; style gynobasic.
+ Connective much prodaced at the apex.
V. Trichodesma.—Only South African genus.
+7 Connective not or very slightly produced at the apex.
+ Nutlets much laterally compressed, crenate or winged on the margins.
VI. Tysonia.—Ouly South African genus.
tt Nutlets not laterally compressed, spiny.
VIL. Cynoglossum.—Nutlets depressed. 4
B
ee ; BORAGINEX (Wright).
VIII. Echinospermum.—Nutlets not depressed.
ttt Nutlets not laterally compressed, smooth, rugose or granular.
IX. Anchusa.—Corolla regular. Bracts present in the South African species.
Filaments glabrous. Nutlets rugose, broad at the base. :
X. Myosotis.—Corolla regular. Bracts none, or few at the base of the in-
florescence. Filaments glabrous. Nutlets smooth, small at the base.
XI. Lithospermum.—Corolla regular. Bracts present. Filaments glabrous.
Nuilets smooth or rugose, small at the base.
XII. Lebostemon.—Corolla irregular. Bracts present. Filaments with a tuft
of hairs or ciliate scale at the base. Nutlets rugose or granular, small at the
base,
XILI. Echium.—Corolla irregular. Bracts present. Filaments glabrous or
with longitudinally scattered hairs. Nutlets rugose, small at the base.
I. CORDIA, Linn.
Calyx tubular or campanulate, ribbed or smooth, 3—5-toothed, often
enlarged in fruit. Corolla funnel-shaped, salver-shaped or campanu-
late; lobes 5 to many, imbricate or somewhat contorted. Stamens
as many as the corolla-lobes, exserted or included. Ovary 4-celled ;
style elongate, 2-fid, its branches more or less deeply 2-fid; stigma
capitate or clavate; ovule erect. Fruit drupaceous, of 4 or fewer
l-seeded cells; putamen often bony. Seed exalbuminous; cotyle-
dons thick or thin, plicate; radicle short.
Trees or shrubs: leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, petiolate, entire or
toothed ; flowers usually yellow or white, in cymes, spikes or heads.
Distris. Species about 250, distributed throughout the warmer regions of
both hemispheres.
1, C. caffra (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 81); a shrub 6 ft. high;
branches glabrous, terete; leaves ovate, acuminate, more or less”
acute at the base, serrate or dentate, glabrous, 23 in. long, 12 in. broad ;
petiole slender, up to 12 in. long; panicles terminal and _ lateral,
eorymbose, shortly peduncled, branches glabrous or puberulous ; calyx
campanulate, irregularly 3-4-toothed, glabrons, 2} lin, long; corolla
4- (rarely 5-) lobed, 3} lin. long, varying much in depth of lobing ;
lobes oblong, sinuate; anthers oblong, rather longer than the
filaments; ovary glabrous. CO. caffra, vars. natalensis, Zeyheri and
erosa, Sonder, l.c. Cordia natalensis, Sond., C. Zeyheri, Sond., and
C. erosa, Sond. in Linnea, l.c.
Coast REGion: Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens River, near the Ford Burchell,
4656! Bathurst Div.; at the mouth of the Great Fish River, western side.
Burchell, 3734! near Theopolis, between Riet Fontein and the sea shore,
Burchell, 4103! Albany Div.; Bowker! Zeyher, 1! Bast London Div.: wooded
valley, East London, 50 ft., Galpin, 5759! :
Eastern Recon: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 682! near Durban
Wilms, 1914! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 263 !
» Gueinzius, 97 P
I regard Sonder’s varieties as varying sexual conditions. |
II. EHRETIA, Linn.
Calyx small, 5-partite. Corolla-tube short; lobes 5, imbricate,
obtuse, patent. Stamens 5, affixed to the corolla-tube, usually
| Ehretia.| BORAGINEX (Wright). 7%
exserted ; filaments filiform; anthers ovate or oblong. Ovary
2-celled, or more or less perfeetly 4-celled ; style terminal, 2-fid ;
_stigma capitate or clavate ; ovule inserted at or above the centre of
the cell. Drupe small, usually globose ; endocarp hard, divided into
2 2-celled or 4 1-celled pyrenes. Seed straight; albumen scanty ;
cotyledons ovate, not plicate.
Trees or shrubs, glabrous or pubescent ; leaves alternate, entire or dentate;
flowers small, usually white, in corymbose cymes or panicles, terminal and also
axillary in the upper part of the stem.
Distris. Species about 50 in the hotter parts of both hemispheres, but more
numerous in the eastern.
Leaves 14-43 in. long, smooth on both surfaces .., «. (1) hottentotica,
Leaves not exceeding 1 in. in length, hispid above, tomen-
tose below ... ae em iia ik ais .. (2) amena.
1. E. hottentotica (Burch. Trav. ii. 147); a shrub about 5 ft.
high; branchlets terete, whitish ; leaves obovate, entire, smooth on
both surfaces, scabrid on the margin, 1 in. long, 5 lin. broad ; petiole
1 lin. long; eymes corymbose, rhachis tomentose ; calyx tomentose ;
lobes triangular, acute, 1 lin. long, rather longer than the tube,
eorolla purple ; tube 2 lin. long; lobes rather shorter than the tube,
ovate, obtuse; drupe globose, yellow, enclosing 4 pyrenes. DC.
Prod. ix. 508. FE. zeyheriana, Buek ex Drége in Linnea, xx. 196;
Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 5, t. 6. Ptttosporum commutatum, Krauss
in Flora, 1844, 301, not of Putterl. Grumilia sp., Drége, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 66, 182, 138. Capraria rigida, Thunb.
Prodr, 103. Freylinia? rigida, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 617.
Coast Rea@ion: Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, Prior! in the forests of
Addo and in the fields by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 161! Witte River
Station (Enon), Gill! Sam Tees Flats near Enon, Drége, 2360b! and without
precise locality, Zeyher! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 93!
Williamson ex Harvey, Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3626! Queenstown Diy. ; near
Queenstown, Cooper, 3008! Kat River to Enon, 600-800, ft., Bawr, 1096!
British Kaffraria, without precise locality, Cooper, 101! Hustern Districts,
Cooper, 333 ! : ;
Centra Recon: Willowmore Div. ; Witpoort Berg (Witte Berg ?), 2000-
3000 ft., Drége, 2360d ! Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker ! near Little Fish
River and Great Fish River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 2360c! Carnarvon Div. ; at
the northern exit of the Karree Bergen Poort, Burchell, 1574! Philipstown
Div.; on the Table Mountain near the Horse’s grave (Boschdueven Kop ?),
Burchell, 2690! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Burchell, 2117!
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West, between Griqua ‘own and Spuigslang,
Burchell, 1704! Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1798! 1822! along the Vaal River,
Burchell, 1763! Bechuanaland ; on Maadji Mountain, Burchell, 2373! Trans-
vaal; on hills near Pretoria, MacLea in Herb. Bolus. 5712! De Kaap Valley,
near Barberton, Thoracroft, 227 (in Herb. Wood, 4501)! Lydenberg, between
Spitzkop and Komati River, Wilms, 598! Waterval River, Wilms, 597! |
Eastern REGION: Natal; hillsnear Pietermaritzburg, Krauss, 376! Inanda,
Wood, 679! 1074! Mooi River Valley, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland / and without
precise locality, Gerrard, 1470! 1471! 1472! Sanderson, 11!
The reduction of Capraria rigida, Thunb., to this species is made from an
examination of’Thunberg’s type by Mr. W. P. Hiern.
2. E. amena (Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 248); a
6 BORAGINEX (Wright). : | Ehvetia.
branched shrub; branches terete, ashy-grey, sparingly tubercled ;
branchlets pubeseent; leaves obovate, up to 4} by 2} in., cuneate
at the base, rounded or acute at the apex, hispid above, tomentose
beneath; cymes corymbose, pseudo-dichotomous, terminal ; calyx
pubescent; lobes oblong, obtuse ; corolla rotate, three times as long
as the calyx ; lobes oblong, rather acute, puberulous on the margin ;
stamens inserted in the corolla-throat; ovary oblong-ovoid, 4-celled,
4-ovuled ; style straight, cylindrical ; stigma capitate ; berry globose-
ovoid, glabrous ; pyrenes 2, bony, 2-celled, 2-seeded.
KataHarRi ReGion: Transvaal; Avoca, near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin,
1242!
Also in Tropical East Africa, northwards to Mt. Kilimanjaro.
Ill. TOURNEFORTIA, Linn.
Calyx 5-partite; lobes linear, lanceolate or oblong, imbricate or
open. Corolla-tube cylindrical with a slight swelling at the insertion
of the stamens, naked in the throat; lobes 5, imbricate or indupli-
cate, sometimes wide and plicate or undulate, sometimes narrowly
acuminate, patent. Stamens 5, included ; filaments short; anthers
ovate, oblong or lanceolate, apiculate or blunt. Disk scarcely any
or cup-shaped. Ovary entire, 4-celled ; style terminal, simple, with
a stigmatic ring beneath the obtusely 2-lobed apex, rarely stigmatic
at the very apex. Drupe small; exocarp fleshy orcorky; pyrenes 4,
usually distinct, straight or ineurved, rarely connate in pairs or
consolidated into a 4-celled putamen. Seeds pendulous or oblique,
straight, incurved or almost horse-shoe shaped; albumen fleshy,
copious or sparse; embryo straight or curved ; cotyledons ovate or
elliptic, flat or plano-convex ; radicle short.
‘Trees or sometimes climbing shrubs, rarely suffruticose ; leaves alternate, quite
entire ; flowers rather small; cymes usually dichotomously corymbose, terminal,
many-flowered.
DIistRiB. Species about 100, in the tropics of both hemispheres.
7 1. T. tuberculosa (Cham. in Linnza, iv. 467); stem suffraticose,
/ erect, branched (usually from the base), with short adpressed white
hairs; leaves shortly petiolate, lanceolate, sinuate-undulate, acute,
scabrid on both sides with short bulbous-based hairs, usually 8 by
3 lin.; cymes terminal, usually bifid, up to 5 in. long ; calyx-lobes
ovate, acute; corolla white; tube 3 lin. long, constricted in the
lower half ; lobes ovate, acuminate ; fruit ellipsoid, glabrous, erested
with tubercles when dry. Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
ye é DC. Prod. ix. 528. 7. tubercularis, Drége, t.c., 57, 59, 63,
Var 8, macrophylla (C. H. Wright); 1 to 14 by 5 lin.; peti
iS egy ( tight); leaves up to y 5 lin.; petioles up
CentRAL REGion: Culvinia Div.; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok
Kuil River, Zeyher, 1236; Prince Albert Div. ; Ganka River, Mund t Mates
(ex Chamisso); near Zwartbulletje, Drége (ex E. Meyer). Colesberg Div. ;
Colesberg, Shaw, 32! Drege, 7836a! Victoria West; Nieuwveld, between Brak
Tournefortia. | BORAGINEE (Wright). 7
River and Uilvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 7836b! Var. 8. Graaff Reinet Div. ;
banks of the Broederstroom, near Graaif’ Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus, 728!
Westran Reeion : Great Namaqualand; Aus, Schinz, 828!
Katanari Recion: Griqualand West; around Kimberley, 4000 ft., Bolus in
Herb. Norm. Austr. Afr., 380!
Also in Tropical South-west Africa.
IV. HELIOTROPIUM, Linn.
Calyx more or less deeply 5-lobed; lobes linear or lanceolate.
Corolla: tube cylindrical, naked at the throat ; lobes 5, imbricate or
induplicate, sometimes wide and plieate or undulate, sometimes
ending in a narrow inflexed point, patent at time of flowering.
Stamens 5, fixed in the corolla-tube, included ; filaments very short ;
anthers ovate, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, mucronate or shortly
appendaged at the apex. Ovary 4-lobed and 4-celled, or 2-celled
with each cell again almost divided into 2; style terminal, very
short, or moderately long, with a depressed conic or broad stigmatic
ring below the apex; ovule pendulous from the inner angle of the
cell near its apex. uit somewhat fleshy, 2- or 4-sulcate or -lobed,
at length dividing into 4 distinct or geminately cohering nutlets.
Seeds straight or curved; albumen usually scanty; cotyledons
plano-convex ; radicle short.
Herbs or undershruhs, rarely shrubs, villous or scabrid, rarely quite glabrous ;
leaves alternate, rarely subopposite ; flowers usually small, sometimes along the
branches of forked scorpioid cymes, sometimes axillary or in simple leaty
racemes,
DistR1B. Species about 150, throughout the tropical and temperate regions of
the world.
Corolla-tube short:
Leaves linear, glabrous me wea ee ... (1) currassavicum,
Leaves oval, hairy: dihise
Lateral nerves not impressed above... ... (2) ovalifolium,
Lateral nerves conspicuously impressed above (3) supinum.
Corolla-tube long :
Calyx as long as the corolla-tube ... eee .. (4) tubulosum,
Calyx much shorter than the corolla-tube :
Leaves oblong-lanceolate ... is ie (8) Nelsoni.
Leaves linear Ses Sig is ... (6) lineare,
1. H. currassavicum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i.'130) ; rootstock woody ;
stem woody ; branched from the base, up to 10 in. high, glabrous ;
leaves oblong, obtuse, tapering downwards into a short petiole, up to
1 in. by 3 lin., glabrous, slightly verrucose ; cymes often branched,
up to 11 in. long; peduncle up to 9 lin. long; calyx quite glabrous,
irregular ; lobes linear or triangular, obtuse ; corolla slightly exserted
from the calyx; lobes ovate-triangular, one much larger than the
rest ; stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers
ovoid, acute ; nutlets with two small flat and one very large convex
side, slightly rugose on the back. Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 63, 130; DC. Prod. ix. 538.
Var. 8, virens (DC. Prod. ix. 538); more robust than the type; leaves up to
1} in. by 4lin. H. virens, E. Meyer ew DC. Prod, ix. 538.
8 BoRAGINER (Wright). [ Heliotropium.
Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Diy. ; by the Oliphants River, on the borders
of Little Namaqualand ; Atherstone, 8! Uitenhage Div.; on salinous marshy
rounds by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher !
: Games REGIon: rime Atvere Div.
bulletje, Drége ! :
WesTERN Recton: Var. 8, Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River, near
Verleptpram, Drége /
Katanari Recion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; between Riet Fontein
(Aukaap) and Kloof Village in the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2018! 2019!
Herbert Div.; between the Orange and Vaal Rivers, Bolus, 1827!
; between Dwyka River and Zwart-
2. H. ovalifolium (Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab. 38); stem woody,
branched from near the base, densely covered with adpressed hairs,
up to 1 ft. high and 3 lin. in diam. ; leaves oval, slightly tapering
downwards, apiculate, 1 in. by 5 lin., densely clothed on both
surfaces with adpressed hairs; petiole 5 lin. or less long; cymes
usually once forked, elongating to 9 in. in fruit; calyx 1 lin. long,
adpressedly hairy outside; lobes 5, unequal, reaching nearly to the
base of the calyx, lanceolate, acute ; corolla twice as long as the
calyx ; lobes 3 by 2 lin., ovate, acute; stamens inserted below the
middle of the corolla-tube; filaments short, very slender; anthers
oblong ; connective produced into a beak as long as the anther-cell ;
ovary glabrous ; style thick, pyramidal, as long as the ovary; nutlets
4, each nestling in a calyx-lobe, flat on the two inner faces, convex
on the back. Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.150. H.coromandelianum,
Retz. Obs. ii. 9; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 46; B obovatum, DC. Prod, ix.
541. H. apiculatum, E. Meyer in Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 93.
Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; by the river at Enon, Drége! Albany Div. ;
by the Fish River, Gill!
Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; by the Orange River, near Verlept-
pram, below 500 ft., Drege !
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; in fields, St. Clair, near
Douglas, Orpen in Herb. MacOwan, 1926! Transvaal; Boshveld, at Klippan,
Rehmann, 5295!
Also widely spread in Tropical Asia, Tropical Africa, and Madagascar.
/ %. HL. supinum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 130); hirsute; stem herba-
ceous, decumbent at the base; leaves opposite or alternate, oval,
obtuse, more or less crenate, up to 9 by 6 lin., shortly petioled ;
cymes simple or once forked, up to 5 in. long; calyx 12 lin. long,
hairy outside ; lobes 4 as long as the tube, obtuse; corolla-tube as
long as the calyx; lobes exserted, very short, rounded ; stamens
inserted just below the middle of the corolla-tube ; ovary glabrous ;
style as long as the ovary ; mature nutlets 1-2 to each flower, 2 lin.
long, plano-convex, dark brown, with a lighter brown border, |
enclosed in the persistent calyx, obscurely tubercled. Thunb. Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 160; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 48, excl. syn. Forsk.; Sibth.
Fil. Gree. t. 157; DC. Prod. ix. 533. H. ambiguum, DC. Proid, ix.
533. HH. coromandelianum, Raddi ex DQ. Prod. ix. 533. Litho-
spermum heliotropivides, Forsk. Fl. Zgypt.-Arab. 39, Piptoclaina
supina, G. Don, Syst. Gen. iv. 364. oe
Heliotropium.] BORAGINER® (Wright). 9
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1238!
Coast Recion: Van Rhyndorps Div.; near Ebenezer, below 100 ft., Drége,
7835! Tulbagh Div.; Piquetberg Road, Schlechter, 7835! Cape Div.; Table
Mountain, MacGillivray, 609! Greenpoint, Ecklon! Uitenhage Div.; Valley of
the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 20! Div. ? near Pharum, Lcklon, 90!
Also in Southern Europe, North Africa, and the Canary Islands.
4, H. tubulosum (E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 93) ; whole plant densely hirsute, 5 in. or more high;
stem terete, up to 3 lin. diam.; leaves lanceolate, acuminate at both
ends, up to 14 in, by 5 lin. ; petiole up to 6 lin. long; inflorescence
a terminal cymose panicle; peduncles up to 1 in. long; eymes
densely many-flowered, up to 3 in. long; calyx 3 lin. long, divided
nearly halfway down into 5 linear obtuse lobes; corolla infundi-
buliform ; tube slightly longer than the calyx; lobes broad, undulate ;
stamens inserted about halfway up the corolla-tube ; anthers oblong,
1 lin. long, obtuse at both ends; ovary minute; style 14 lin. long,
tapering towards both ends from a swollen dise about its middle,
with numerous slightly reflexed hairs in its lower half; nutlets
plano-convex, pubescent on the back. DC. Prod. ix. 537.
Sout AFRICA: without locality, Herb. Forsyth !
WesTERN ReGion: Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River near Verlept-
ga under 500 ft., Drége! Little Bushman Land, Kraiwater, Schlechter,
ae Re@ion: Calvinia Div. ? Great Bushman Land, Wovtel, Schlechter,
3!
Also in Tropical South-west Africa.
5. H. Nelsoni (C. H. Wright); stem much branched, terete,
pilose ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, sometimes slightly undulate,
hairy on the upper surface, pustulate on the lamina and hairy on the
nerves beneath, 1 in. by 4 lin. ; cymes usually in pairs; peduncle up
to 2 in. long; flowers secund ; calyx divided almost to the base into
5 linear segments, 13 by 3 lin., hirsute on both sides ; corolla salver-
shaped ; tube 2—21 lin. long, adpressedly hairy outside ; limb 2} lin.
diam. ; lobes obtuse, slightly undulate ; stamens inserted about the
middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers % lin. long, apiculate, obtuse or
slightly cordate at the base ; style 14 lin. long, conical above ; ovary
conic.
CENTRAL REGION: Colesberg Div.; Colesberg, Shaw !
Katanari Region: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; between Spuigslang
Fontein and the Vaal River, Burchell, 1714! along the Vaal River, Burchell,
1766! Transvaal; Linokana, Holub! bend of the Vaal River, Nelson, 219!
6. H. lineare (C. H. Wright); stem woody, terete, up to 1 ft.
righ and 3 lin. in diam., adpressedly short hispid ; leaves linear,
usually 8 by 12 lin. (rarely larger), with more or less deciduous
adpressed hairs all over the upper surface and on the nerves beneath ;
cymes (including the short peduncle) not exceeding 2 in. in length ;
calyx 2 lin. long, with short adpressed hairs outside ; lobes oblong-
ovate, apiculate ; corolla cream-coloured (Bowker), much longer than
10 BORAGINEX (Wright). [ Heliotropium.
the calyx; tube cylindrical, 2 lin. long; lobes triangular, acuminate,
8 lin. long; stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube ;
anthers membranous, lanceolate, apiculate ; style about 1 lin, long,
with a central disc, tapering downwards, tapering upwards into the
bifid apex; nutlets with two large smooth flat and one small tubercled
convex side. Tournefortia linearis, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflan-
zengeogr. Documente, 57, 226. Heliophytum lineare, A.DC. in DC.
Prod, ix. 555.
CENTRAL ReGion: Richmond Div. ; Nieuwveld, between Nieuwjaars Fontein
and Ezels Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drege ! :
Karanari REGION: Hopetown Div.; near the Orange River, Muskett in
Herb. Bolus, 1828! Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, at the
Kloof Village, Burchell, 1681! Plains between Griqua Town and Witte Water,
Rurchell 1496! Herbert Div.; between the Orange and Vaal Rivers, 4500 ft.,
Bolus, 1828! Vaal River Plains. Bowker, 5! Dutoits Pan, near Kimberley,
Tuck! Orange River Colony, Hutton! Bechuanaland; Batlapin Territory,
Holub ! :
Imperfectly known species.
7. H. Burmanni (Roem. & Schult. Syst. iv. 736) ; stem shrubby ;
leaves linear, repand, villous; cymes spicate, lateral, in pairs.
DC. Prod, ix. 549. H.tomentosum, Burm. fil. Prod. Fl. Cap. 4, not
of Potr.
Soutn AFrica: without locality, or name of collector.
8. H. capense (Lehm. in Act. Soc. Nat. Sc. Hal. iii. ii, 13);
stem herbaceous, erect, branched; leaves ovate-rotundate, quite
entire, plicate, strigose above, subtomentose beneath; cymes spicate,
p’dunculate, solitary or in pairs; calyx 5-toothed, deciduous with
_ enclosing the 4 nutlets. ZLehm. Pl. Asper. 50; DC. Prod. ix.
534,
SoutH Argica: without locality, Thunberg !
H. capense, Thunb. Fl. Cap. 160, is stated by De Candolle to be
probably a different plant with shrubby stem and opposite leaves.
V. TRICHODESMA, R. Br.
Calyx deeply 5-lobed, enlarged in fruit, angled, winged or auricled
at the base; lobes imbricate. Corolla-tube widely cylindrical or
5-sided ; throat naked or slightly closed by the intrusion of the
sinuses ; lobes 5, shortly ovate or lanceolate, often long acuminate,
contorted, overlapping to the left. Stamens 5, exserted; filaments
very short, broad, as well as the connective usually hairy on the
back; anthers oblong-linear, long acuminate, erect, conniving.
Ovary 4-lobed ; lobes distinct, flat or slightly convex at the base;
style subterminal, filiform; stigma small ; ovules subhorizontal,
fixed to the inner angle of the cell. Nutlets 4, wide, depressed,
tuberculate or almost smooth on the back, with or without a raised
Trichodesma. | BORAGINER (Wright). 11
entire, pectinate or glochidiate margin, lower face almost entirely
adnate to the torus. Seeds suborbicular or obovate ; embryo straight
or slightly curved ; cotyledons plano-convex ; radicle short.
Erect herbs, usually hispid; leaves opposite or alternate, quite entire ; cymes
racemose, terminal, unilateral, simple or bifid,usually bracteate.
Disrais. Species about 10, in the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa, and
Australia.
Calyx-lobes cordate at the base; corolla much exserted :
Leaves ovate-lanceolate ris wai ve ... (1) physaloides.
Leaves linear-lancevlate sb} ise be. ... (2) angustifolium.
Calyx-lobes not cordate at the base; corolla scarcely
exserted ... ae Res ve soe ie ... (3) africanum.
1, T. physaloides (A.DC. in DC. Prod. x. 173); stems annual
from a perennial fleshy rootstock, 1-2 ft. high, glabrous; leaves
usually opposite, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with flat white
discs on both surfaces, some of which bear hairs; panicle many-
flowered ; pedicels up to 9 lin. long; calyx inflated, 6 lin. long; lobes
acuminate, cordate at the base, purple; corolla pure white (McLea),
1 in. diam.; lobes 6 lin. broad, shortly acuminate; anthers villous
on the back; terminal awn longer than the anther-cells; nutlets
smooth on the ventral side, margins inflexed and papillose-denticu-
late. T.sp., Drége in Linnea, xx. 197. Friedrichsthalia physaloides,
Fenzl, in Endl. Nov. Stirp. Decad. i. 53.
KatAHARI REGION : Transvaal; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3107!
Aapies River, Burke! Northern slopes of Magalies Berg, 6000-7000 ft., Zeyher,
1249! Burke, 98! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock ?
Also in tropical Africa.
2. T. angustifolium (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 26, t. 40); stem erect,
12-18 in. high, branched, terete, scabrid ; leaves 13-3 in. long,
1-3 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, subsessile, acute at both ends, densely
seabrid on both sides with white bulbous-based hairs; peduncles
extra-axillary, 1-flowered, 1 in. long, slender, with adpressed hairs;
calyx 6 lin. long, 12 by 8 lin. in fruit, cordate, acuminate, seabrid
outside ; corolla blue (Nelson); tube 4 lin. long; lobes 4 lin. long,
21 lin. broad, cordate, long acuminate, reflexed; anthers sessile,
lanceolate, hairy on the back, terminal appendage slender, slightly
shorter than the anther-cell ; style 6 lin. long, subulate, glabrons ;
nutlets spiny on the dorsal side, granular on the ventral. Tricho-
desma sp., Drége in Linnea, xx. 197.
WesteRN ReEGIon: Great Namaqualand; Scap River, Schinz, 758!
Katanari Reeion: Orange River Colony; Vet River, Burke! Rhenoster
River, 7000-8000 ft., Sanderson, 127! near Boshof, Barber ! Leeuw Spruit and
Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton ! Transvaal; near Pretoria, Wilms, 943! Tuck in
Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 813! and in Herb. MacOwan, 2213! near Potches-
troom, Roe in Herb. Bolus, 5713! Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1251! Burke, 60!
313! Klip Spruit, beyond the Maquasi Hills, Nelson, 236!
3. T. africanum (R. Br. Prodr. 496); stem erect, branched, 1 ft.
or more high, furnished with rigid white hairs springing from a
12 BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Trichodesma.
discoid base ; leaves opposite, ovate-oblong, acute, up to 2} by 1 in.,
bearing hairs like the stem, lower petioled, upper sessile ; panicle
many-flowered ; pedicels up to 6 lin. long, slender, covered (like the
outside of the calyx) with stiff white hairs 1 lin. long; ealyx-lobes
lanceolate, erect, 3-4 lin. long at flowering time; corolla scarcely
exserted from the calyx, blue, throat yellow with 5 purple spots ;
lobes rounded, produced into an apiculus % lin. long; anthers lanceo-
late, awn nearly as long as the eclls; style filiform, glabrous;
nutlets 4, ovoid, seabrid, rugulose on the ventral side, margin raised,
white and spiny. Lehm. Pl. Asper.195; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg.
iv. 69, 753; Drége, Ziret Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 93; A.DC.
in DO. Prod. x. 173; Drége in Linnea, xx.197. Borago africana,
Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,197; Burm. Prodr. 4; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 161. B. verrucosa, Forsk. Fl, Aiyypt.-Arab. 41; Sab. Hort.
Rom. 2, t. 22. Borraginoides aculeata, Moench, Meth.516. Pollichia
africana, Medik. Beobacht. 248.
CrntTRAL ReGioN : Calvinia Div. ; by streams in the Karroo below Bockland
(Bokkeveld) Thunberg. Ceres Div.; at Yuk River, near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1264 !
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand ; between Konsies (Buffels) River and
Silver Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége! between Verleptpram and the mouth of the
Orange River, under 1G00 ft., Drege! near Ookiep, 3200 £t., Bolus, Herb. Norm.
Aust.-Afr., 641 !
Kaxanari REGION: Orange River Colony; neur the Vaal River, 5000 ft.,
Zeyher, 1239!
Also in tropical Africa.
VI. TYSONTA, Bolus.
_ Calyx 5-partite, persistent but scareely enlarging ; lobes lanceolate.
Corolla rotate; tube with 5 erect exserted guadrate-oblong retuse
scales at its throat and about 10 small swellings at its very base;
lobes 5, subpatent, as long as the tube, Stamens 5, exserted;
filaments filiform above, larger and complanate at the base ; anthers
oblong, obtuse, versatile. Ovary seated on a thick semiglobose torus
indistinctly 4-lobed at the apex, 4-eelled ; style terminal, tindivided:
filiform, about as long as the stamens; stigma small, capitate ; ovule
fixed to the inner angle of the cell, horizontal. Nutlets 1. much
laterally compressed, one often larger and produced at its ‘margin
into a wide wavy cartilaginous crenate wing, the others smaller and
more narrowly winged. Seed erect, exalbuminous, ovate, compressed ;
testa conspicuously veined; cotyledons cuneate-obovate, plano-
convex ; radicle very short.
DistRiB. Species 1, endemic.
1. T. africana (Bolus in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1942): a]
perennial ?, about 3 ft. high; stem erect, ae. Soden wen
leaves ovate, acute, 8 by 6 in., with a petiole 6 in. long, upper pM is
late, acuminate, 3} by } in., sessile, all narrowed at the base and
minutely scabrid on both sides; nerves sunk above prominent
beneath ; cymes many in a lax terminal panicle 18 in, long, 5-9 in.
Tysonia. | BORAGINER (Wright). 13
wide; bracts few, linear; bracteoles 0; calyx 2 lin. long, 3 lin. in
diam. ; corolla yellowish (7Zyson) or white (Wood); tube 2-3 lin.
long, with about 20 parallel veins; lobes with reticulate veins;
scales in throat pubescent; basal scales with two diverging horns;
largest nutlet about 4 lin. in diam.
Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; by rivulets near Clydesitale, 3000 ft.,
Tyson, 2117! Natal; at the foot of the Drakensburg, Wood, 3557 !
VII. CYNOGLOSSUM, Linn.
Calyx 5-partite, scarcely enlarged in fruit, patent or reflexed.
Corolla: tube short, throat closed with obtuse or arched scales ;
lobes 5, imbricate, obtuse, patent. Stamens 5, fixed in the corolla-
tube, included; filaments short; anthers ovoid or shortly oblong,
obtuse. Ovary with 4 distinct lobes from an almost flat receptacle ;
style short or rather long ; stigma small, flat or subcapitate; ovules
horizontal, fixed to the central angle of the cell. Nutlets 4, de-
pressed, adnate by the inner half of or the whole lower surface to
the convex or shortly conical receptacle, scarcely produced at the
apex, rounded or almost saceate below their insertion, rather convex
or flat on the dorsal side or surrounded by an elevated margin,
glochidiate. Seeds straight or slightly curved; cotyledons wide,
flat ; radicle short.
Perennial or biennial herbs, often tall, slightly branched, canescent, villous or
almost woolly ; leaves alternate, the radicle often long petioled ; racemes usually
elongate, rarely bracteate, sparingly branched or loosely paniculate; flowers
pedicelled or subsessile, blue or violet with distinct veins, rarely white; pedicels
usually recurved in fruit; style usually persistent, rigid and sometimes split to
the base into lacinize deciduous with the nutlets.
Disrris. Species about 60, in the temperate and subtropical regions of both
hemispheres, rare on the mountains in the tropics.
Pedicels long in fruit; leaves chiefly radical ies ..» (1) enerve.
Pedicels short in fruit; leaves both radical and cauline ... (2) micranthum.
1. C. enerve (Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 1840, 259); stem
erect, 1-2 ft. high, simple, pilose; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse or
rarely acute, with short hairs, those on the underside with con-
spicuous bulbous-bases; panicle terminal, lax; pedicels elongating
to 1 in. and recurving in fruit ; calyx 1 lin. long, hairy outside ;
lobes ovate ; corolla blue or red; tube 1 lin. Jong; lobes + lin. long,
obtuse, with a very prominent thick scale at their base; nutlets
entirely covered with glochidiate spines. Hchinospermum enerve,
E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 47, 131, 137,
151.
Coast Recion: Cape Div.; between Wynberg Butts and Klassenbosch,
Wolley Dod, 2459! Riversdale Div.; Great Vals River, Burchell, 6543! by the
Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6810! Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, Burchell,
4252! Albany Div.; between Assegai Bosch and Rautenbachs Drift, Burchell,
4187! Bathurst Div.; Kaffir Drift Military Post, Burchell, 3768! Cathcart
Div. ; Blesbok Flats, 3000-4000 ft , Drége !
CentraL ReEGion: Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker! Bosch
Berg, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 1211!
14 BORAGINER (Wright). —§ [Cynoglossum.
Katawart Region: Orange River Colony; Cooper, 889! Transvaal; Aapies
River, Burke / dry veldt, Johannesburg district, Ommanney !
Eastern Region: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 257! Pondoland ;
between St. John’s River and Umtsikaba River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Natal ;
Inanda, Wood, 258! Polela, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 4577! and without precise
locality, Gerrard, 1473!
2. C. micranthum (Desf. Tab. ed. 1, 1804, 220); stem erect,
stout, much branched in the upper part, terete, pilose ; branches
adpressed-canescent ; leaves lanceolate, acute, variable in size but
usually about 3 in. by 9 lin., attenuate below, obscurely toothed,
villous on both surfaces, 3-nerved ; cymes spicate, up to 6 in. long,
ebracteate ; calyx-lobes ovate ; corolla scarcely longer than the calyx,
white suffused with blue, purplish at the throat; nutlets about 1 lin.
long, roundish, ovoid, spiny all over. Poir. Suppl. ii. 481; DC.
Prod. x. 149. C. lanceolatum, B? hirsutum, DC. Prod. x. 155.
C. hirsutum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 161, not of Jacq. C. lanceo-
latum, Lehm. Pl. Asper. 145. Echinospermum cynoglossoides, E.
Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 137, not of Lehm.
E. paniculatum, E. Meyer, l.c., 134, 145, 158.
Coast ReGion: Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, under 1000 ft., Dréze.
Enon, at Olyvonhout Kloof and Olifants Kloof, under 1000 ft., Drege !
CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3234! between
the Zuurberg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Dréye.
Katauarrt ReGion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 890! Basutoland, Cooper,
749! Transvaal; north of Blauw Bank, Nelson, 266! Pretoria, at Aapies Poort,
Rehmann, 4123! Mac Mac, Mudd! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1008! Houtbosch,
Rehmann, 5943! :
KASTERN ReGion: Transkei; near the Gekau (Gcua or Geun) River, under
1000 ft., Drége !? Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 857! Natal; Umlazi
River, under 500 ft., Dréye! Inanda, Wood, 370! Mooi River, Wood, 4061! and
without precise locality, Sanderson, 531!
Imperfectly known species. ial
3. C. leptostachyum (DC, Prod. x. 152); stem erect, paniculately
branched, with adpressed villous pubescence ; leaves with adpressed
pubescence, the lower oval-lanceolate attenuate into a petiole, the ©
upper linear-lanceolate, scarcely attenuate at the base ; cymes spicate,
geminate at the ends of remote branches, slender, ebracteate ; pedi-
cels at length recurved, as long as the calyx ; corolla scarcely longer
than the calyx; nutlets somewhat convex, with glochidiate spines on
all sides.
Sour Arrica: without locality, Drége, 4889 (ex De Candolle).
4. C. hispidum (Thunb, Prodr. 34) ; herbaceous, 1 ft. high, erect,
branched above, hispid with reflexed sete; branches alternate,
similar to the stem ; subradical leaves sessile, oblong, obtuse, entire,
‘glabrous but hispid on both surfaces with white bristle-bearing
papille,” 3 in. long; cauline leaves few, alternate, smaller than
the subradical, the uppermost lanceolate, acute; flowers panicled,
rufescent, minute; peduncle, pedicels and calyx setose; stamens
shorter than the corolla. Schrad. Newes Journ. i. iv. 46; Lehm.
Pl. Asper. 143; DC. Prod. x. 155,
Cynoglossum. | BORAGINER (Wright). 15
Coast Rreeion : Uniondale Div. ; Langekloof, Thunberg !
De Candolle suggests that this may be the same as C. enerve, Turcz.
VIII. ECHINOSPERMUM, Swartz.
Calyx 5-partite; lobes ovate or narrow. Corolla: tube short,
throat clothed inside with 5 short or arching scales; lobes 5,
imbricate, obtuse, patent. Stamens 5, fixed to the corolla-tube,
included; filaments very short; anthers ovate-oblong, obtuse.
Ovary ovoid, shortly 4-lobed ; style between the lobes, short; stigma
subeapitate; ovule laterally fixed. Nuwtlets 4, erect, keeled on the
inner face and often bordered by one or more rows of glochidiate
prickles, adnate by their inner margins to a central column. Seeds
straight ; cotyledons plano-convex, undivided.
Annual or perennial herbs, canescent, villous or glabrescent, usually erect,
virgate or much branched; leaves alternate, usually narrow; flowers small,
sessile or pedicelled along elongated branches; pedicels sometimes thickened in
fruit ; racemes bracteate, or naked towards the apex.
Distris. Species about 50, chiefly in the temperate regions of Europeand Asia,
a few in North America and Australia,
Fruit-spines 2-seriate ve ee ite see «. (1) Lappula.
Fruit-spines 1-seriate :
Flowers sessile Py sis ies soe ... (2) capense.
Flowers shortly pedicelled .., és a -« (3) eynoglossoides.
1. E. Lappula (Lehm. Pl. Asper. 121); stem erect, branched
above, hirsute with bulbous-based hairs; leaves lanceolate, pilose ;
racemes at length elongate, unilateral ; pedicels shorter than the
calyx, erect in fruit; lower bracts as long as the calyx; calyx-lobes
linear-oblong, spreading in fruit; corolla blue, a little longer than
the ealyx; limb short; nutlets with two rows of glochidiate spines
on the margins, disk and sides tuberculate. #. Lappula, var.
squarrosa, Lehm. Pl. Asper. 122; DC. Prod. x. 136. E. cynoglos-
soides, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 49,
137, not of Lehm. E. squarrosa, Reichb. Fl. Germ. Excurs, 345,
Mypsotis Lappula, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1,131. M. squarrosa, Retz.
Obs. ii. 9. : :
SourH AFRIcA: without locality, Boivin !
Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; on the hills by Port Elizabeth and by the
Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 473! Albany Div.; Fish River Heights, Hutton!
Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, Cooper, 231! British Kaffraria, Cooper,
2800 !
Centrat REeGIon: Somerset Div.; western side of the Great Fish River,
Burchell, 3252! Bosch Berg, 2800-3000 ft., MacOwan, 1881! between the Zuur-
berg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Drége! Graaff Reinet
Div.; Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus, 273 ! 274! Albert Div.; Stormberg Spruit,
5000 fc., Drége !
Katanari Recion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Griqua Town, Burchell,
1933 ! 1933/1! Asbestos Mountains, by the Kloof Village, Burchell, 1688! Orange
River Colony; Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton! Transvaal ;
Doorn Place, Upper Molappo River, Holub!
EastEkNn Region: Natal, Cooper, 2801!
2. E. capense (DC. Prod. x. 138) ; stem erect, branched; leaves
1 BoRAGINER (Wright). [Hchinospermum.
linear, long hirsute ; flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate ; calyx-
lobes linear, as long as the corolla-tube, at length patent ; nutlets
slightly longer than the calyx; spines l-seriate, united at the very
base, glochidiate at the apex, crested on the keeled back. Vars.
~ elatius and suffrutescens, DC. Prod. x. 138, LE. sp., Drege, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 54.
Sout AFRICA: without locality, Drége, 9356b, 9356e (ex De Candolle).
Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; Plains at Storms Vlei, 500 ft., Galpia,
4343 !
CENTRAL ReGion: Carnarvon Div. ; at Buffels Bout, Burchell, 1592! Ceres
Div.; at Ongeluks River, Burchell, 1225! Middleburg Div.; Sneeuw Berg
Range, between Compass Berg and Rhenoster Berg, Drége, 9356a (ex De
Candoile).
KaLanaRI Recon : Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, at the
Kloof Village, Burchell, 1669! d
3. E. cynoglossoides (Lehm. Pl. Asper. 131, not of E. Meyer) ;
stem erect, sufiruticose, 6 in. to 2 ft. high, hirsute ; leaves lanceolate,
obtuse, hispid with bulbous-based hairs, the lower 14 in. long,
2: lin. wide, the upper getting gradually smaller; racemes panicled
towards the end of the stem; pedicels short; calyx deeply 5-partite,
hispid ; lobes lanceolate, acute, spreading in fruit; nutlets 4, ovoid-
trigonous, verrucose; spines 1-seriate, radiating, glochidiate, com-
pressed and united at the base. DC. Prod. x. 138. Myosotis
cynoglossoides, Lam. Ill, i. 396. Cynoglossum echinatum, Thunb. in
Schrad. Neues Journ. i. iii. 48, Prodr. 34, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
ae Rochelia cynoglossoides, Roem. § Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 111,
CENTRAL Rx@ron: Sutherland Div.; Roggeveld, Thunberg.
IX. ANCHUSA, Linn.
Calyx more or less deeply 5-lobed; lobes usually narrow, a little
enlarged in fruit. Corolla: tube straight, cylindrical, short or of
medium length ; throat equal or slightly enlarged, closed with obtuse
or arching papillose scales; lobes 5, imbricate, obtuse, patent.
Stamens 5, fixed to the middle of the corolla-tube, included ; filaments
short; anthers oblong, obtuse. Ovary of 4 distinct lobes, seated on
a small flat disk. Nutlets 4, erect, oblique or incurved, on a flat
disk, rugose; areole wide, basal or pseudo-lateral, surrounded by a
hardened (often wrinkled) ring, which is uniform or thickened on
the inner side. Seeds straight; cotyledons ovate, flat. :
Annual or perennial herbs, hispid, vi istly ; :
dichotomous © ene siaetaaw dvicwea) : Saruianl cee fae phe
paniculate, branches long ; flowers blue, violet or white, rarely yellowish, at first
crowded, finally distant, in the axils of bracts o : A ag
sometimes absent), ee of the upper leaves (bracts
Distris. Species about 30, in Harope, Western Asia, and Nort ica.
Stem sparingly setose (or glabroas below) = uate - h ay ae
whem conspicuously snd waney Biesate ee ee
[apne ee
emeereerneriesremsipsaciienemeennies
Anchusa. | BORAGINES (Wright). 17
1, A. riparia (DC. Prod. x. 43); herbaceous, 1-2 ft. high; stem
erect, simple or sparingly branched, bearing scattered setee; lower
leaves up to 6 in. long and 5 lin. wide, oblanceolate, long attenuate
downwards, upper linear-lanceolate, up to 3 in. long and 4 lin. wide,
sessile, acute or subobtuse, all with white bulbous-based hairs above,
villous below ; eymes racemose, usually forked, arranged in a terminal
panicle up to 1 ft. long; bracts similar to the upper leaves but
smaller ; pedicels 1 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long, campanulate, hispid ;
lobes 5, short, rounded; corolla 3 lin. long ; scales in throat ciliate ;
nutlets rugose, granular. A. officinalis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
162, not of Linn. A. Dregei, A.DC. in DC. Prod. x. 44. Lycopsis
longifolia, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Pappe !
Coast Region: Albany Div.; near Bothas Berg, 1800-2000 ft., MacOwan,
1198! Assegai Bosch, Burke! and without precise locality, Bowker! Queens-
town Diyv.; Shiloh, Baur, 950!
CENTRAL ReGion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus,
126! Compass Berg, Shaw! Cradock Div.; near Cradock, Burke! Ovoper,
549!
WestTeERn Reeion: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Bergen, Drége !
Karanart Recion: Griqualand West; at Griqna Town, Burchell, 1849!
between Kuruman and the Vaal River, Cruikshank in Herb. Bolus, 2547 !
EastERN Reaion: Tembuland? Engotini, Baur, 23!
‘g 2. A. capensis (Thunb. Prodr. 34); stem herbaceous, suleate,
erect, 1-2 ft. high, hirsute, usually unbranched; lower leaves
oblanceolate, up to 5 in. long and 4 lin. broad, upper smaller and
not narrowed below, hirsute with bulbous-based hairs; panicles
terminal, formed of alternate racemose cymes; calyx 1} lin. long,
hispid outside ; lobes 5, obtuse; corolla-tube about as long as the
calyx; nutlets rugose, rather granular. #7. Cap. ed. Schult. 163;
Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 336; Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
90; Bot. Mag. t. 1822; DO. Prod. x. 45. Anchusa sp., Drege, l.c.
62.
Coast Ructon: Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland and Saldanha Bay, Thunberg.
Swellendam Div.; Swellendam, Pappe! Zeyher! on the downs near the strand
of Cape Recife, Zeyher, 28! 1246b ! Queenstown Div.; Hangklip Mountain,
6300 ft., Galpin, 1616!
Crentrat Recion: Carnarvon Diy.; between Carnarvon and Elands Valley,
Burchell, 1579! Beaufort West Div. ; between Beaufort West and Rhenoster
Kop, 2500-3000 ft., Drége, 7856b ! a é ;
Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; Silver Fontein, near Ookiep,
2000 ft., Drége!
Imperfectly known species.
3. A. africana (Burm. fil. Prod. Cap. 4); stem shrubby, villous ;
leaves lanceolate, tomentose beneath.
SoutH Argica: without locality or collector’s name.
4. Stomotechium papillosum (Lehm. Pl. Asper. 396); stem
shrubby, angular, smooth below, scabrid above ; branches alternate,
VOL, IV.—SECT, I. ¢
18 BORAGINEX (Wright). [ Anchusa.
subdistichous, scabrid ; leaves alternate, almost amplexicaul, linear-
lanceolate, obtuse, entire, rigid, hispid when young, at length scabrid
with white papille especially on the upper surface ; cymes spicate,
in racemose panicles terminal on the branches, erect, straight ; bracts
ovate, acute; flowers close together, secund, small; ealyx 5-fid,
5-angled, hispid, persistent ; lobes regular, ovate, acute, erect ;
corolla regular; tube cylindrical ; lobes 5, obovate, rounded at the
apex, erect ; throat closed by five subrotundate fleshy scales, muricate
on the back; stamens 5; filaments inserted at the middle of the
corolla-tube, very short; anthers included, oblong, acuminate,
2-celled; style filiform nearly as long as the _ corolla-tube ;
stigma obtuse, simple; nutlets 4, small, subrotundate, rugose,
perforated at the base. Buek in Linnea, xi. 131 ; DC. Prod, x. 41;
Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2,299; Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Pl. ii. 856, in obs. Stomatotechium, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. ix. 31.
Echium paniculatum, var., Thunb. ee DC. Prod. x. 41.
Sour AFRica: without locality, Thunberg.
A very doubtful plant, which has been collected only once and not seen by
any author since Lehmann, Bentham (l.c.) suggests its affinity to be with
Anchusa capensis, Thunb.
X. MYOSOTIS, Linn.
Calyx shortly or deeply 5-lobed; lobes narrow, slightly enlarged
in fruit. Corolla: tube short; throat gibbous or almost closed by —
scales or naked; lobes 5, contorted to the right, obtuse, patent.
Stamens 5, fixed to the corolla-tube, included or exserted;
filaments filiform; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse; connective
apiculate or blunt. Ovary with 4 separate lobes on a flat disk,
erect; style filiform; stigma small, entire, or slightly 2-loMéd;
ovule erect. Nutlets 4, distinet, ovoid, erect, hard, shining, fixed to
a small flat or slightly convex disk; areole small. Seed straight ;
cotyledons ovate, flat or plano-convex.
Annual or perennial, often weak, herbs, villous or more rarely glabrous ; leaves
alternate ; cymes racemose, simple or branched, ebracteate or more rarely witha
few leafy bracts at the base ; flowers blue, red or white,
ee Species about 40, widely spread in the temperate regions of the Old
orld.
Leaves broadly linear ; calyx-lobes 1-nerved ...
Leaves not linear ; calyx-lobes 3-nerved :
Stem glabrous i ia
(1) graminifolia.
Pec a oad oes ss» (2) Galpinii.
Hairs on calyx hooked :
Anthers not apiculate (3) sylvatica.
_Anthers acutely apiculate |... (4) intermedia.
Hairs on calyx not hooked . “ +» (5) afropalustris.
7 1M. graminifolia (DC. Prod. x. 110); stem erect, almost
simple, about 1 ft. high, pilose ; leaves broadly linear, obtuse, the
lower attenuate below and 2 in. by 3 lin., scabrid with rather
long bulbous-based hairs on the upper surface and margins, almost
glabrous below; cymes racemose, elongate ; pedicels at length 2 lin.
Myposotis.] BORAGINEE (Wright). 19
long ; calyx 5-lobed to below the middle, hirsute outside, 1 lin. long ;
lobes obtuse, 1-nerved ; corolla blue; tube slightly longer than the
ealyx ; lobes suborbicular; anthers oblong; style slightly shorter
than the corolla-tube; nutlets white. M.sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 52, 53.
" CentRAL Reaion: Aliwal North Div. ; Witte Bergen, 6000-7000 ft., Drege,
842! [SA
2. M. Galpinii (C. H. Wright); stem glabrous, purplish-black
when dry ; leaves elliptic, attenuate below into a pseudo-petiole 3 in,
long, sheathing at the base and ciliate along the margin; blade
scabrid with bulbous-based hairs above and near the apex beneath,
elsewhere glabrous; cymes pseudo-terminal ; peduncle, rhaehis and
outside of calyx hirsute; calyx-lobes % lin. long, linear, 3-nerved ;
corolla blue; tube 1 lin. long, scaly in the throat; lobes elliptic-
oblong; anthers oblong, inserted near the mouth of the corolla-
tube; style about as long as the corolla-tube; nutlets lenticular,
smooth.
Centrat Reaion: Barkly East Div.; mountain kloof at Rhodes, 6200 ft.,
Galpin, 2329!
3. M. sylvatica (Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. ed. i. 85) ; stem hirsute,
hairs adpressed when young, spreading and bulbous-based when
old; leaves with bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces, the lower
elliptic, 2 in. by 9 lin., attenuate into a petiole 2 in. long, obtuse, the
upper narrowly lanceolate, sessile, more or less acute ; cymes scorpioid,
at length racemose, usually forked ; calyx up to 2 lin. long in fruit,
hairs hooked ;' teeth lanceolate, rather unequal, 3-nerved; corolla
3 Tin. diam., bright blue, yellow in the throat ; tube slightly longer
than the calyx ; lobes suborbicular; anthers oblong; style filiform,
included. Reichbd. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 13822; Sturm, Deutsch. FI. ii.
42; Engl. Bot. ed. i, t. 2630, ed. iii. t. 1107; DC. Prod, x. 107.
M. arvensis, var. sylvatica, Pers. Syn. i. 156. M. graminifolia, var,
trinervia, A.DC. in DC. Prod. x. 110.
Coast Reeton: Knysna Div.; Ruigte Vallei, under 100 ft., Drége, 7841a!
near Melville, Burchell, 5888! Queenstown Div.; mountains near Queenstown,
5800-6500 ft., Galpin, 1617!
CENTRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; at Wagenpads Berg, Burchell,
2824! Oude Berg, near Graaff Reinet, 4500 ft., Bolus, 157 ! sat
Katanari ReGIon: Orange River Colony ; Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek,
5400 ft., Bolus, 8214! Transvaal ?, Wilms!
Eastern Reqion: Natal; by streams on the Drakensberg, 6000-7000 ft.,
Evans, 396a !
Also in Europe, North and West Asia and the Canary Islands,
Vi 4. M. intermedia (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 164); stem
‘branched, hirsute, about 1 ft. high; leaves oblong-lanceolate or
oblanceolate, the lower much tapering downwards, the upper sessile,
up to 2 in. long and 5 lin, broad, pilose on both surfaces ; cymes
racemose ; pedicels 3 lin. long in “ad calyx 1 lin, long in flower,
©
20 BORAGINEE (Wright). [Myosotis.
almost 2 lin. long in fruit, with spreading uncinate hairs outside ;
lobes subulate, 3-nerved ; corolla-tube slightly longer than the calyx,
with 5 conspicuous brown bilobed appendages in the throat; lobes
rounded; stamens inserted halfway up the corolla-tube; anthers
ovoid, apiculate ; style 3 as long as the corolla-tube; nutlets smooth,
convex on the back, keeled on the ventral side. Koch, Syn. 505;
DC. Prod. x. 108. M. sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
87, 117.
Coast Reaton: Malmesbury Div.; Groenekloof, Zcklon ! Paarl Div.; Paarl
Mountain, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 7840a! Caledon Div.; near the Hot-spring,
near Caledon, Bolus, 7830! rge Div. ; Outeniqua Mountains, 2000-3000 ft.,
Drége, 7840b!
ENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker !
Also in Europe, the Orient and North Asia.
5. M. afropalustris (C. H. Wright); stem erect, about 2 ft.
high, hispid with deflexed hairs; lower leaves elliptic-lanceolate,
much attenuate below, upper ovate, rounded at the base, hispid with
usually bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces; inflorescence much-
branched ; calyx 1-14 lin. long, enlarging in fruit, with adpressed
curved (but not hooked) hairs outside ; lobes lanceolate, 3-nerved ;
corolla blue, 12 lin. in diam. ; tube about as long as the calyx;
lobes shortly oblong or suborbicular, obtuse; throat-scales slightly
bilobed, yellow, pubescent ; stamens inserted near the top of the
corolla-tube ; anthers oblong; connective produced above into an
obtuse appendage ; style as long as the eorolla-tube ; nutlets dorsally
compressed, smooth.
Var. 8, glabra (C. H. Wright); leaves glabrous beneath except near the
Coast Reciow: Knysna Div. ; between Gouk i d
of Groene Vallei, Burchell, 5611! ee ee
CenTRaL Recion: Aliwal North Div.; on the Witte Bergen, Cooper, 641!
Katanart Reeion: Var. 8, Orange River Colony ; Wittiontfaistins ‘locality,
Cooper, 891! Basuto Land ; without precise locality, Cooper, 942!
Eastern Reeion: Natal; Mooi River, in damp ground, 3800 ft., Wood,
3184! 3487! Var. 8, Pondoland; Faku’s Territory, Sutherland ? Natal 5
Greenwich Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2732 is :
Imperfeetly known species. q
; 6. M. semiamplexicaulis (DC. Prod. x. 110) ; stem ereet, nearly .
simple, patently, densely and minutely hirsute; leaves oblong,
hirsute-pilose on both surfaces, the lower attenuate into a petiole, the
upper semi-amplexicaul ; pedicels as long as the calyx ; calyx 5-lobed .
beyond the middle, hirsute-canescent, a few of the hairs almost
hooked ; eorolla-tube as long as the calyx.
Coast REGION : Queenstown Div. ; .
78tlb! (ex De Candolle, wn Div.; Table Mountain, 6000-7000 ft., Drege,
XI. LITHOSPERMUM, Linn.
Calyx 5-partite, rarely 5-fid ; lobes linear. Coroll | e
; -fid ; ; a funnel-shaped
or salver-shaped ; tube cylindrical, straight; throat usually winiargelig
— Lithospermum.] Boracinea (Wright) 21
naked or gibbous within, or with 5 folds intruded from the outside ;
lobes '5, imbricate, obtuse, patent. Stamens 5, fixed to the corolla-
tube, included ; filaments short ; anthérs oblong, obtuse or with the
connective very shortly produced. Ovary with 4 separate lobes on a
flat disk’; style filiform or rather thick ; stigmas 2, terminal or over-
topped by a short entire or bifid apiculus, very rarely annular beneath
the terminal apiculus; ovule erect. Nutlets 4, or by abortion fewer,
erect, ovoid or acuminate, usually stony, smooth or rugose, fixed by
a flat or very slightly concave base to the disk ; areole flat, basal or
slightly oblique. Seed straight ; cotyledons flat.
Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, roughly canescent or hispid; leaves alternate ;
flowers white, yellow, blueish or violet, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves, or
the upper in leafy spikes, racemes or cymes,
Distris. Species about 40, chiefly in the extra-tropical regions of the northern
hemisphere, a few in western South America.
Branches with patent hairs :
Upper leaves narrowly lanceolate, under Lin. long... (1) papillosum.
Upper leaves broadly lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
over 1 in. long:
Veins of leaves not prominent beneath :
Leaves obtuse :
Hairs on leaves bulbous-based oe .» (2) scabrum.
Hairs on leaves not bulbous-based .., be ta affine.
Leaves acute... we wii ss ... (4) hirsutum,
Veins of leaves prominent beneath i ... (5) officinale.
Branches with adpressed hairs :
Perennials :
Nutlets rugose :
Calyx as long as the corolla-tube sti .. (6) cinereum.
Calyx half as long as the corolla-tube te inornatum.
Nutlets muricate bee cvs obs see .» (8) flexuosum,
Nutlets smooth tee ity. tee Ste «» (9) diversifolium.
Annuals:
Leaves lanceolate; nutlets tuberculate —... bis oe arvense.
Leaves obovate; nutlets granular-scabrid ... .». (11) incrassatum.
1 L. papillosum (Thunb. Prod. 34); stem herbaceous, slightly
‘ branched, slender, ascending, 6 in. high, hirsute; leaves sessile, the
lower ovate-oblong, the upper lanceolate, 10 lin. long, 2 lin. broad,
gradually getting smaller upwards, obtuse, villous, margins revolute ;
racemes terminal, congested; calyx 2 lin. long, hispid especially
outside ; lobes oblong, 3 lin. broad, subobtuse ; corolla white ; tube
as long as the calyx; lobes elliptic, 1} lin. long ; anthers oblong,
% lin. long; style cylindrical; nutlets rugose. Thunb. in Schrad,
Neues Journ. i. iti. 44; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 161; Lehm. Pl. Asper.
329; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 47; DC. Prod. x.
74.
Var. 8, ambiguum (DC. Prod. x. 74); stem erect, less hispid and racemes
more congested than in the type. L. papillosum, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, ite a Kees
SourH AFrica: without locality ; var. 8, Krebs. | E
Coast Reeion: Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drége!
Queenstown Div. ; mountain sides, Queenstown, 3600-3800 ft., Galpin, 1571!
>
Cathcart Div.; Goshen, Windvogel Berg, Baur, 948! British Kaffraria ; without.
22 BORAGINEE (Wright). [Lithospermum.
precise locality, Cooper, 163 ! 357! 2°05! Var. 8, Catheart Div. ; Blesbok Flats
near Windvogel Berg, 3000 ft., Drége !
Katanwari Recton : Orange River Colony ; Caledon River, Burke !
Eastern Reeion: Griqualand East; cultivated ground near Kokstad,
5000 ft., Tyson, 110! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr.,
1323!
2. L. scabrum (Thunb, Prod, 34); stem herbaceous or slightly
woody below, more or less branched, hirsute, up to 18 in. high ;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, the lower attenuate below, hirsute
with bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces, variable in size but
usually about 18 by 4 lin.; racemes terminal ; bracts leafy ; pedicels
1 lin. long; calyx-lobes lanceolate, obtuse, with bulbous-based hairs
on both surfaces; corolla white ; tube scarcely longer than the calyx;
lobes obovate-rotundate, undulate ; style exserted ; nutlets 1} lin.
long, ovoid, shining white, smooth. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
160; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 61, 62; Lehm. Pl.
Asper. ii. 309 ; DC. Prod. x. 77.
Sours Arica: without locality, Mund!
Coast Region: Alexandria Div.; Zuur Berg, Cooper, 2796 !
Centra Reeion: Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains, near Beau-
on West, Drége! Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, 3000-4000 ft.,
ege?
KataAwARt Ree@ion ; Bechuanaland; near the source of the Kuruman River,
Burchell, 2477!
3. L. affine (DC. Prod. x. 78); stem herbaceous, erect, branched,
densely clothed with patent hairs; leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse,
acute at the base, flat, pilose on both surfaces; racemes terminal,
few-flowered ; bracts leafy; calyx 2 lin. long; lobes linear, rather
obtuse, hirsute; corolla white (Bowker), 5 lin. diam.; tube
31 lin. long; lobes rounded; style included; nutlets ovoid, acumi-
nate, smooth, shining. LL. scabrum?, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwet
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62.
CrnTRAL ReEGiIon: Beaufort West Div.; Nieu i
West, 4000 ft., Drége. Philipstown Did: alee atemae’ ver wicckak
2703! Graaff Reinet Div.; mountains near Graaff Reinet, 4300 ft,, Bolus, 696!
Bowker ! . é
/ * 1. hirsutum (E, Meyer ex DC, Prod. x. 77); stem herbaceous
/ or slightly woody, erect, branched and hirsute with patent hairs
above, 13 ft. high; leaves lanceolate, hirsute on both sides, the |
lower rather obtuse at the apex and long attenuate at the base, the —
upper rather acute, 23 in, long, 4:lin. broad; racemes terminal, often
geminate, short; bracts leafy; calyx irregular, about 2 lin. long,
densely hirsute ; lobes oblong, obtuse; corolla white; tube cylin-
drieal, nearly twice as long as the calyx; lobes 12 lin. long, ovate-
rotundate ; anthers oblong, 2 lin. long, inserted la-
mouth ; style subulate ; nutlets Tek Abi near the corol
Dre! Reaion: Little Namaqualand; near Lily Fontein, 4500 ft.
n
on imperfect specimen collected by Shaw (129) at Coie may belong.
Lithospermum.| BORAGINEEX (Wright). 23
5. L. officinale (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 132) ; perennial ; stem herba-
ceous, terete, erect, much branched above, scabrid; leaves broadly
lanceolate, acute, scabrid on both sides, 21 in. long, 5 lin. broad;
veins impressed above, prominent beneath ; racemes terminal on the
stem and branches; bracts foliaceous; calyx 1+ lin. long, hirsute ;
lobes linear, acute ; corolla searcely longer than the calyx, hairy out-
side, white or yellowish; lobes rounded; stamens inserted near the
corolla-throat; nutlets smooth, whitish, polished. DC. Prod. x. 76;
Engl. Bot. ed. 3, ¢t. 1101.
Katanart Reeion: Transvaal, Ivy Range, Moodies, 5000 ft., Thorneroft in
Herb. Wood, 4851!
HasteRNn Region: Natal ; South Downs, among rocks, Evans, 886!
Thorncroft’s specimen is said to have pink flowers,
Also in Europe, the Orient and North Asia,
yf 6. L. cinereum (DC, Prod. x. 73); much branched from a woody
base, 4-18 in. high, covered in all its parts with adpressed ashy-
white pubescence ; stem erect, cylindrical; leaves linear-oblong,
obtuse, attenuate at the base, upto Lin. by 2 lin. ; racemes terminal ;
flowers sessile; bracts usually foliaceous; calyx-lobes linear-oblong,
elongating in fruit ; corolla white; nutlets ovoid, shining, white,
rugose, slightly keeled on the inner face, 1} lin. long. JZ. sp.,
Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 48.
Souta Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1248 !
Coast Region: Queenstown Diy. ; between Table Mountain and Zwart Kei
River, 4000-5000 ft., Drege, 7838!
CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, 2800 ft., MacOwan,
1680! Graaff Reinet Div.; mountains near Graaff Reinet, Bowker, 14! Albert
Div., Cooper, 780!
Katauart Region: Griqualand West; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1867!
Orpen in Herb, Bolus, 5714! Orange River Colony; Wolve Kop, Burke! and
without precise locality, Cooper, 2795! Transvaal; Jeppes Town Ridges,
Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb.- Galpin, 6234! Doorn Place Farm,
Molappo River, Holub, 1972! :
EasteRn RecGion: Natal; Blue Krantze, 3000 ft., Wood, 3579! and without
precise locality, Gerrard, 195!
7. L. inornatum (DC. Prod. x. 73); a much branched plant
about 8 in. high, woody at the base, covered all over with ashy
adpressed pubescence; leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, cuneate at
the base, 6 by 12 lin., the lower sometimes up to 2 in. by 5 lin, ;
racemes terminal; flowers very shortly pedicelled ; bracts leafy ;
calyx-lobes oblong, half as long as the corolla-tube; nutlets ovoid,
subacute, slightly rugose, white or rufescent. L. sp., Drége, Zwet
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 57.
CENTRAL Region: Richmond Div.; Winterveld, near Limoen Fontein and
Great Table Mountain, near Richmond, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 7837a, and Uit-
vlugt, between Richmond and Brak Vallei River, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 7837b
(ex E. Meyer). Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus, 803!
near Wagenpads Berg on the southern side, Burchell, 2836 !
8. L. flexuosum (Lehm. Pl. Asper. ii. 333); stem decumbent,
shrubby at the base, branched; branches suberect, flexuose, very
24 BORAGINEX (Wright). [ Lithospermum.
slender, terete, hispidulous ; leaves alternate, sessile, ovate, lait.
long, entire, scabrid above, hispid beneath; racemes terminal,
branched ; flowers minute, very shortly pedicelled, distant; bracts
lanceolate, acute; calyx hispid, 5-partite; corolla blue; tube as
long as the calyx, throat naked; lobes ovate, obtuse ; anthers
inserted in the middle of the tube ; style included ; nutlets 2, ovoid,
triangular, muricate. DOC. Prod. x. 74. Cynoglossum muricatum,
Thunb. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. (1806), iii. 49; Prod. 34; Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 162.
Crentrat Region: Sutherland Div. ; Roggeveld, Thunberg.
9. L. diversifolium (DC. Prod. x. 77); stem herbaceous, erect,
branched, minutely and adpressedly scabrid; lowest leaves patently
and minutely hispid, oval-oblong, obtuse, flat and long attenuate
into a petiole, middle leaves lanceolate, uppermost linear, sessile,
revolute at the margins, adpressedly scabrid; racemes terminal,
leafy ; pedicels short; corolla twice as long as the calyx; nutlets
ovoid, scareely subacuminate, smooth, shining. LZ. hirsutum? E.
Meyer, ex DC. I.c.
CenTRAL Recion: Beaufort West Div. ? Nieuwveld, 3500 ft., Drdge.
10. L. arvense (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 182) ; stem erect, herbaceous,
branched (especially near the base), seabrid; leaves lanceolate, the
lower obtuse, the upper rather acute, adpressed seabrid on both
sides ; racemes few-flowered, terminal ; calyx 21 lin. long in flower,
up to 6 lin. long in fruit, hirsute; lobes linear-oblong, acute ;
corolla slightly longer than the calyx; lobes very short, rounded ;
stamens inserted in the lower part of the corolla-tube ; nutlets ovoid,
tuberculate, rugose. FI. Dan. t. 456 ; Engl. Bot. ed.i. t.123 ; DC.
Prod. x, 74; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 174.
Coast ReGion: Ca iv.; Ki i
corad kee Waren Pete, beige ga Wolley Dod, 3611! cultivated
a Reeion: Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus,
KabanarI ReGion: Griqualand West; Asbestos Mountains, at the Kloof —
Village, Burchell, 1686! Transvaal ; Matebe Valley, Holub! tes
Eastern Recion: Natal; Gerrard, 230!
Also in Europe, the Orient and North Africa.
11, L, incrassatum (Guss. Ind. Sem. Hort. Boccad. 1826, 6); stem
herbaceous, erect, branched ; radical leaves obovate, cauline narrowly
linear-spathulate, obtuse, as well as the stem adpressedly pubescent-
strigose ; racemes elongate, leafy ; pedicels inerassate and obconical
in fruit ; ealyx villous outside, elongated and somewhat spreading ©
in fruit; nutlets rugose, granular-scabrid. Guss. Prod. Sic. i, 217;
Prod. x. 74. L, sp, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docwmente,
Western Recion: Li ; i i
Ogle Oalidetps ices ccgeien ; near Lily Fontein, 4000-5000 ft.,
Also in South Europe,
BORAGINER (Wright). 25
XII. LOBOSTEMON, Lehm.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments lanceolate or linear. Corolla tubular
funnel-shaped, naked inside the throat ; lobes 5, subequal, imbricate,
rotundate, subpatent. Stamens 5, fixed in the corolla-tube, exserted
or included ; filaments usually unequal, with a scale or transverse
tuft of hairs at the base; anthers subglobose, ovate or oblong,
obtuse. Ovary: lobes 4, distinct, on a flat or very slightly convex
disk ; style filiform, undivided ; stigma small, subeapitate. Nutlets
4, distinet, erect, ovoid-trigonous or acuminate, granular-scabrid or
rugose, fixed by flat basal areole. Seeds straight.
Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, scabrid-canescent or hispid; leaves
alternate, sessile, with simple or bulbous-based hairs, rarely almost glab-
rous; cymes terminal, capitate, spicate or paniculate; flowers white, blue or
purple.
Distrib. Species about 50, some in tropical Africa.
A genus gradually passing into Echiwm, with which it should perhaps be
united.
Section 1. Cymes not in a dense spicate panicle or head.
Branches bristly; leaves bearing scattered
bulbous-based bristles only tu in ... (1) sanguinens.
Branches glabrous ; leaves bearing white acumi-
nate tubercles only :
Leaves 3-7 lin. broad :
Stamens inserted in the middle of the
corolla-tube ... aos ats «.. (2) glaucophyllus.
Stamens inserted in the corolla-throat... (3) levigatus.
Leaves less than 3 lin. broad:
Leaves smooth :
Bulbous-based hairs on margins and
midrib only :
Leaves narrowly lanceolate, sub-
falcate Por a ... (4) glaber. .
Leaves oblong... Ka ... (5) collinus,
Bulbous-based hairs on whole under
surface ise ive we st Swartzii.
Leaves rugose (7) acutissimus.
Branches pubescent ; leaves hairy :
Leaves at least 1 in. long, densely clothed on
both surfaces with silky adpressed hairs
(bulbous-bases inconspicuous) :
Leaves 2 lin. or less wide :
Hairs on back of leaves minutely
bulbous-based ... ss ws
Hairs on back of leaves not
pulbous-based ... .... «... (9) Warmbii.
Leaves at least 3 lin. wide:
Leaves acute:
Leaves oblong or ovate-lan- i
ceolate ... oa ... (10) argenteus.
Leaves oblanceolate : ;
Stems pilose... ... (11) pilicaulis.
Stemsstrigose.,. .., (12) montanus.
(8) cinereus,
26 BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Lobostemon,
Leaves obtuse :
Leaves oblanceolate et i fruticosus.
Leaves lanceolate ... ... (14) strigosus.
Leaves obovate ... _ ... (15) obovatus.
Leaves at least 1 in. long, with uniform :
bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces... (16) trigonus.
Leaves usually less than 1 in. long, marginal
hairs conspicuously larger than the rest
(sometimes almost spiny) : :
Leaves obtuse ies diet ... (17) obtusifolius.
Leaves acute:
Leaves subspathulate
Leaves linear-lanceolate :
Corolla white ... av ... (19) paniculatus.
Corolla blue... = +. (20) stachydeus.
Leaves lanceolate ... se» +s. (21) eederiefolius.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate ... w. (22) ferocissimus.
Leaves oblong i iv ... (23) scaber,
Leaves usually less than 1 in. long, glabrous
on the upper surface, with uniform white
bulbous-based hairs on the under surface
and margins: 2 :
Stamens about as long as the corolla... (24) paniculeformis,
Stamens longer than the corolla :
Leaves lanceolate ... ... os (25) elongatus.
Leaves linear-lanceolate _... — 4x. (26) Verrucosus.
Leaves at least 1 in. long, with bulbous-based
hairs on the upper surface, long canescent
on the lower ot noe Ws .«. (27) rosmarinifolius.
Section 2. Cymes congested (at least for a time) into heads wider than the
leaves. (Plants of twiggy habit).
Leaves more or less ovate, not more than 3 times
as long as broad :
Leaves with numerous long bulbons-based
hairs ee er ey eerep hy as.
Leaves with scattered short bulbous-based
hairs ooo tue aes pee” wee (29) ‘Giversifolius.
Leaves with a mixture of simple and bulbous-
based hairs ... Sia ... (30) spherocephalus.
Leaves oblong or lanceolate, at least 4 times as
long as broad :
Hairs on leaves all conspicuously white
bulbous-based :
Calyx shorter than the corolla-tube .., (31) capitatus.
Calyx as long as the corolla-tube ... (32) echioides.
Hairs on leaves short, some bulbous-based ... 33) fastigiatus.
Hairs on leaves not bulbous-based :
Stamens inserted about the middle of
the corolla-tube:
Leaves linear-lanceolate .., eee Sie trichotomus.
sche seu CAS) Seybaet
Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong ... (35) nitidus.
Leaves oblanceolate see ... (36) pubiflorus.
Stamens inserted in the lower part of
the corolla-tube .
. : oe ove ... (37) curvifolius.
Section 3. Cymes in a dense spicate panicle,
Leaves with short white bulbous-based hairs
cbiefly on the back and margins:
Stem quite glabrous below «++ «ve (38) alopecuroidens.
Stem nearly glabrous below ... S35 --» (39) latifolius,
Stem hairy below:
Radical leaves elliptic or oblong ... (40) caudatus,
_—
Lobostemon.] BORAGINEE (Wright). 27
Radical leaves ovate-lanceolate .». (41) ecklonianus.
Radical leaves lanceolate bee ++ (42) splendens.
Leaves with long silky hairs :
Calyx with silky hairs nearly as long as the
corolla one oy Live lone nik .-. (48) eriostachyus.
Calyx with silky hairs distinctly shorter
than the corolla :
Spike 1 in. long; leaves acute, up to
8 lin. broad... wt vie ..» (44) Galpinii.
Spike 14-24 in. long; leaves long
acuminate, 5 lin. broad Ses ... (45) spicatus.
Leaves with very short adpressed hairs ... (46) viridi-argenteus.
1. L. sanguineus (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 450) ; a robust
shrub 4-65 ft. high, sparingly branched; branches densely papillose-
scabrid, thick, densely leafy; leaves erecto-patent, ovate, acute,
denticulate-scabrid on the margins and under surface of the midrib
and also sometimes near the apex on the under surface, elsewhere
glabrous, 14-2 in. long, 7-12 lin. wide; cymes racemose; flowers
2-seriate; bracts subimbricate, oblong, acute, denticulate-scabrid on
the margins, papillose-scabrid below, glabrous above, as long as the
calyx ; calyx-lobes unequal, linear or linear-oblong, acute, the wider
very sparingly papillose scabrid outside, denticulate-ciliate on the
margin, 9 lin. long; corolla blood-red; tube subcylindrical, very
slenderly puberulous outside, scarcely longer than the calyx, with a
ring of hairs inside near the base; lobes equal, subquadrate-rotun-
date, very obtuse, margins undulate, conspicuously ciliate, 2 lin. in
diam. ; stamens about as long as the corolla-tube; filaments adnate
to the middle of the corolla-tube, glabrous ; anthers small; nutlets
trigonous-ovoid, subaeute, papillose-scabrid, 23 lin. long.
Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div. ; amongst rocks on hills near Elim, 650 ft.,
Schlechter, 7683 !
2. L. glaucophyllus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 138) ; stem quite glab-
rous; branches rather flexuose ; leaves sessile, rather fleshy, glaucous,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, scabrid with white callosities on the margins
and under side of the midrib ; calyx 33 lin. long ; lobes 3 lin. wide,
oblong-lanceolate, subacute, ciliate-serrate, not conspicuously reticu-
late; corolla 6 lin. long; lobes orbicular, imbricate at the base ;
stamens inserted in the corolla-tube, unequal, the longest 5 lin.
long and exserted ; filaments swollen and with a tuft of hairs at the
base. DOC. Prod. x. 5. Echium glaucophyllum, Pers. Syn, i. 163;
Jacq. Ic. t. 312; Andr. Rep. t. 165; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 67. E. Swartzii, b, Drége, le. 180. E. glabrum, Thunb.
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 163, not of Vahl. LE. levigatum, Lam. Iil.i. 413,
not of Linn.
Bie, Arrica: without locality, Forbes! Alexander! Zeyher, 1243
rtly !
Ob Ait Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Zcklon, 237! MacGillivray,
572! MacOwan, 2684! Devils Peak, Wilms, 3401! Bolus, 3724! above Tokay
Plantation, Wolley Dod, 1278! Wynberg, Burchell, 878! Wolley Dod, 410!
Camps Bay, Burchell, 342! top of Elsie Peak, Wolley Dod, 2936! near Cape
28 BORAGINEE (Wright). [Lobostemon.
Town, Bolus, 2898! Simons Bay, Wright! Milne, 139! Paarl Div. ; Paarl
Mountain, aR Clanwilliam Div.; Blaauw Berg, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 8453!
Drege, 7843b ! Modder Fontein, 800 ft., Schlechter, 7972! Koude Berg, 4000 ft.,
Nehlechter- 8764!
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Pedros Kloof and Lily
Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége.
3. L. levigatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 139); stem simple, quite
glabrous; leaves sessile, alternate, ovate-lanceolate, margin with
distant white bulbous-based hairs; cymes terminal, racemose, com-
pound, leafy; flowers pedieelled; bracteoles oblong, acute, 23 lin.
long, with distant marginal bristles; calyx 3 lin. long, divided —
nearly to the base into 5 oblong acute ciliate-dentate lobes ; corolla
6 lin. long ; tube campanulate ; lobes orbicular, imbricate at the
base ; stamens inserted in the corolla-throat, declinate, exserted ;
filaments swollen and bearing a tuft of hairs at the base. DC. Prod.
x.5. LEchium levigatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 199; Thunb. Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 163. LEchium Swartzii, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 106, and in Linnea, xx. 196, not of Lehm.
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, Bodkin in Herb.
Bolus, 9062! Shaw in Herb. Bolus, 5716! Drége! Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld,
Thunberg ! Elands Fontein, 5300 ft., Schlechter, 10033! Cape Div. ; Ronde-
bosch, Drége!
CENTRAL Recion: Worcester Div.; Constable, 3000-3500 ft., Drége.
4. L, glaber (Buck in Linnea, xi. 137); shrubby ; branches
glabrous, slightly angular when young; leaves narrowly lanceolate,
sessile, seabrid on the margins, under side of the midrib and near
the apex on the upper surface, glabrous elsewhere ; spikes terminal,
few-flowered, leafy; calyx 3 lin. long, lobed nearly to the base ;
lobes } lin. wide, oblong-lanceolate, ciliate, veins distinctly retieu-
late; corolla 6 lin. long; tube campanulate ; lobes rounded, imbri-
cate below ; stamens unequal, the longest exserted. DC. Prod.x. 5.
L. Dregei, DC. in DC. Prod. x. 6. Echium faleatum, Lam. Til. i.
413. £. glabrum, Vahl, Symb. iii. 22; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 70, not of Thunb. EH. Vahlii, Roem. § Schultes, Syst.
Veg. iv. 14, 715.
Sourn Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1243 partly !
Coast Recon: Clanwilliam Div.; Zekoe Vley, 500 ft., Schlechter, 8574!
Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, fide Buek. Cape Div.; Table Mountain,, Ecklon ;
Cape Flats, near Tyger Berg, Bolus, 5205! Wynberg Hill, Woll s
bie Div. ; Ae ta Ie tt., Drege, 78430, BP tS
HNTRAL Reeion: Clanwilliam Diy.; between Grasbe i -
vals River, 2500-3000 ft., Drége ! oop Ms
Western ReEcion: Little ;
Kloof and Lily Toaeen: 3000-4000 os On, Devet ant ote ee
5. L. collinus (Schlechter MSS.); stem branched, hirsute —
when young, glabrous when old; leaves oblong, 9 lin. long, loosely
imbricate, obscurely warted on the margins and towards the apex,
slightly ciliate when young; calyx 4 lin. long, adpressedly hairy ;
lobes lanceolate ; corolla twice as long as the calyx ; longer stamens
exserted,
Coast Reaion : Bredasdorp Diy. ; Vogel Vley, 150 ft., Schlechter, 10483!
Lobostemon.] soracines (Wright). ae
6. L. Swartzii (Buek in Linnea, xi. 137, not of Drége) ; a shrub;
branches adpressedly hairy when young, glabrous when old; leaves
linear-lanceolate, 1 in. long, 2 lin. broad, acute at both ends, glabrous
or with adpressed hairs on the upper surface, and bulbous-based
hairs on the margins and lower surface; cymes terminal, branched ;
bracts lanceolate, acute, hispid; calyx-lobes linear, 14 lin. long,
+ lin. broad, adpressedly hairy ; corolla 6 lin. long, 4 lin. broad,
2 lobes much larger than the rest ; stamens inserted 12 lin. above
the base of the corolla-tube, exserted; anthers short, oblong. DC.
Prod. x. 5. Echium angustifolium, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 1, ii. 248;
Schult. 163, not of Lam., nor Mill. nor Drége. EF. Swartzii, Lehm.
Pl. Asper. 426, Ic. t. 16; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iv. 714.
E. papillosum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. i. ii. 8, not of Lehm.
Soutu Arrica: without locality, Sieber! Thom! Zeyher, 1244!
Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Ecklon, 258! Ladies Mile near
Alphen, Wolley Dod, 2018! near Wynberg, 50 ft., Bolus, 2897! Worcester
~
Div. ; Michell’s Pass, 1500 ft., Bolus, 2619! Grey!
7. L. acutissimus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 139); stem branched ;
branches elongate, compressed and angular, quite glabrous; leaves
sessile, erect, linear-lanceolate, very acute, slightly keeled, rugose on
both sides with inconspicuous papillae; cymes few-flowered, in a
terminal .panicle; flowers on short thick angular pedicels; calyx
5-partite, 5-angled, grey, subglabrous; lobes papillose, erect, acute ;
corolla twice as long as the calyx; stamens exserted, fixed in the
upper part of the corolla-tube. DC. in DC. Prod. x. 6.
Coast Reecion: Tulbagh Div.; amongst shrubs in stony places on the
mountains near Tulbagh (New) Kloof, Ecklon §° Zeyher.
8. L. cinereus (DC. Prod. x. 10); shrubby; branches slender,
terete, with minute ashy pubescence; leaves linear-lanceolate, taper-
ing towards both ends, 1 in. long, 2 lin. wide, with minute ashy
pubeseence on both surfaces and bulbous-based hairs on the under ;
cymes several at the apex of the branches, racemose ; calyx 3 lin. long,
hairy on both surfaces; lobes oblong-lanceolate, obtuse; corolla
6 lin. long, oblique; tube gradually tapering downwards; lobes
unequal, broad, undulate, glabrous; stamens inserted 1 lin. above
the corolla-base, included; style glabrous. ehium trichotomum,
Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 108, not of Thunb.
Coast Rxgion: Clanwilliam Div.; between Heerelogement and Knagas
Berg, under 1000 ft., Drege! Zeekoe Vley, 509 ft., Schlechter, 8489 !
9. L. Wurmbii (DC. in DC. Prod. x. 11); stem shrubby,
branched ; branches at first with minute adpressed pubescence, at
length glabrous ; leaves sessile, approximate, erect, lanceolate-
linear, rather acute, 4 lin. long, with ash-coloured pubescence on
both surfaces, nerveless; eymes simple or bipartite, eorymbosely
arranged at the apex of the branches; calyx. white, villous; lobes
linear, rather obtuse; corolla white when dry, glabrous, at least
ws noracinex (Wright). [Lobostemon.
twice as long as the calyx, irregular; stamens shortly exserted ;
style glabrous. Echium sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
165
Cenrrat Rearon : Clanwilliam Div.; Wupperthal, Wurmb. in Herb. Drége,
7845! Pakhuis Berg, 2000 ft., MacOwan, 3260! and MacOwan Herb. Aust.-Afr.,
1927! Koude Berg, near Wupperthal, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 8736 !
10. L. argenteus (Buck in Linnea, xi. 133, partly); stem
shrubby, branched, hoary, especially when young; leaves sessile,
lanceolate, oblong-, ovate- (rarely linear-) lanceolate, acute, 1}—2 in.
long, densely clothed on both sides with silky adpressed tomentum ;
cymes terminal, spieate, unbranched, somewhat leafy; calyx 3 lin.
long, divided rather more than half-way down; lobes ovate-
lanceolate, hairy outside, glabrous inside; corolla irregular, 7-8 lin.
long, blue; lobes short, rounded, slightly hairy outside; stamens
inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, included; style hairy.
Echium argenteum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 166, not of Roth;
Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 20; Andr. Rep. t.154; DC. Prod, x. 7;
var. a, Lehm. Pl. Asper. 421; Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 67. HE. fruticosum, Jacq. Hort. Schenbr.i.t. 34. Echium
sp., Drége, l.c. 107.
Soutn ArFrica: without locality, Boivin! Forster! Thom! Villette?
Alewander !
Coast Reeion: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Thunberg. Cape Div.;
Camps Bay, Zeyher, 4842! 4844! Table Mountain, MacOwan, 2683! Lion.
Mountain, 300-1000 ft., gr Bolus, 4508! Burchell, 141! MacOwan,
Herb Aust.-Afr., 1928! Wolley Dod, 2329 ! Rondebosc ” ! Worcester
Div.; between Worcester and Villiersdorp, Bolus, 5206! Uniondale Div. ; hills
near Avontuur, Bolus, 2429!
WesTERN ReEGion: Little Namaqualand; between Pedros Kloof and Lily
Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége.
11, L. pilicaulis (C. H. Wright); a dwarf shrub; branches
terete, densely pilose; leaves oblanceolate, 15 lin. long, 4 lin. wide,
the upper sometimes ovate, acute, densely pilose on both surfaces,
some of the hairs bulbous-based ; calyx silky on both surfaces; lobes
unequal, 3-5 lin, long, }~1 lin. wide, lanceolate, acute; corolla 6 lin.
in diam., tubular-campanulate, oblique; lobes short, rounded ;
stamens inserted near the base of the corolla-tube; filaments shorter
than the corolla; style 7 lin. long, glabrous.
Coast Region: Albany Div.; Cypher Fontein, and a
town, 2000 ft., MacOwam, 4311.) » and Flats near Grabams
12. L. montanus (Buek in Linnaa, xi. 132); a much branched
shrub, 2-3 ft. high (Burehell) or a dwarf tree, 5-6 ft. high, with
stem up to 3 in. in diam. (MacOwan); younger branches densely
covered with long white strigose hairs; leaves oblanceolate, acute,
entire, 3 in. long, 9 lin. wide, clothed with long adpressed hairs ;
midrib prominent beneath; flowers densely crowded at the ends of
the branches ; calyx 6-7 lin. long, hirsute on both surfaces ; lobes
_ Lobostemon.] BORAGINEE (Wright). 81
linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, 1} lin, wide, margins scabrid;
corolla 9 lin. long, widely campanulate, pubescent on both surfaces ;
lobes elliptic-oblong, 3-4 lin. long, undulate ; stamens about as long
as the corolla; filaments with a tuft of hairs at their base, glabrous
elsewhere; style filiform, as long as the corolla, pilose. Echium
montanum, DC. Prod. x. 15.
Var. 8, minor (C. H. Wright): calyx-lobes very unequal ; corolla 7 lin. long ;
filaments inserted slightly above the base of the corolla-tube.
Soura AFrricaA: without locality, Sieber /
Coast Region: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain and Lion Mountain, Ecklon &
Zeyher, Devils Mountain, Burchell, 8474! Drége! Bolus, 39471 above Tokay
plantation, Wolley Dod, 1274! wooded slopes above Groot Schuur, Wolley Dod,
3360! top of Muizen Berg, 1000 ft., near False Bay, Zeyher, 3450! MacOwan
and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 922! Stellenbosch Div. ; near Lowry’s Pass,
Burchell, 8294! Caledon Div.; rocky places near the mouth of Onrust River,
Zeyher, 3448! Var. 8, Humansdorp Div. ; hill side, Humansdorp, about 300 ft.,
Galpin, 4345 !
13. L. fruticosus (Buek in Linnmwa, xi. 134); a shrub; branches
terete, pubescent ; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse (more rarely acute), up
to 1% in. long and 5 lin. wide, with inconspicuous bulbous-based
hairs on both surfaces; cymes in the axils of the upper leaves; calyx
4 lin. long, densely silky on both surfaces, especially near the base
outside; lobes ~ lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate ; corolla 7 lin. long,
pale pink (Galpin) ; stamens all included, inserted near the base of
the corolla-tube ; style about as long as the corolla. DO. Prod. x.
6. Echium fruticosum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,199; Bot. Reg. t. 36;
Bot. Mag. t. 1772; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 165; Burchell,
Trav. S. Afr. 1. 15; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 89.
Echium fruticosum, var. B, Lehm. Pl. Asper. 421. E. africanum,
Pers. Syn. i. 163.
Var. 8, bergianus (DC. Prod. x. 6); hairs on the leaves with more con-
spicuous bulbous-bases. Echiwm bergianum, BE. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfhlanzen-
geogr. Docwmente, 86, 99,105. E. sp., Drége, l.c. 121. HH. fruticosum,
Berg. Pl. Cap. 39; var. a, Lehm. Pl. Asper. 420, and Ic. t. 38. HE. scabrum,
Lehm. Ie. t. 35. <
Sovurn AFRicA: without locality, Villette! Forbes! Harvey, 221! Miller!
Var. B, Sieber, 92!
Coast Region: Malmesbury Div.; Hopefield, Schlechter, 5189! Paarl Div. ; -
Great Britain Rock, near Paarl, Wilms, 3462! Cape Div.; Devils Mountain,
600 ft., Bolus, 3723! at the foot of Table Mountain, 1000 ft., MacOwan, 2749!
andin Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1636! Ecklon, 253 near Cape Town, Zeyher, 4781! Bolus, -
2899! Pappe ! above Groot Schuur, Wolley Dod, 629! Camps Bay, Zeyher, 81!
Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 571! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Sanderson, 978!
Worcester Div. ; near Bains Kloof, 800 ft., Bolus, 2900 ! near Brand Vlei, 900 ft.,
Bolus, 5207 ! Caledon Div.; Hermannspetrus Fontein, 300 ft., Galpin, 4848 | Oudts-
hoorn Div. ; near the Oliphants River, Gill/ Uniondale Diy. ; near Avontuur,
Bolus, 2430! Var. 8, Paarl Div.; by the Berg River, near Paarl, Drege,
7847b! Paarl Mountain, Drege, 7847c! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 650 ft.,
MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 816! Drége, ’7847a!
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Ezels Fontein, Whitehead!
14. L. strigosus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 136) ; stem erect, branched,
leafy, villous ; leaves sessile, subimbricate, keeled, lanceolate, obtuse,
32 BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Lobostemon.
with white inconspicuously bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces; —
spike terminal, bipartite, short ; flowers secund ; corolla large, sub- ©
regular ; stamens longer than the corolla, fixed to the middle of the —
corolla-tube, slightly exserted, DC. Prod. x.9. Echium strigosum, —
Sw. ex Lehm. Pl. Asper. 432, and Ic. t. 17; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed
Schult, 164.
Coast Rzcion : Swellendam Div. ; amongst shrabs in stony places on the
mountains near Hessaquas Kloof and Paspas Valley, Ecklon § Zeyher !
15. L. obovatus (DC. Prod. x. 10); stem shrubby; branches
with white adpressed hairs; leaves oblong-obovate, the lower almost
spathulate, 12-14 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad, with white adpressed —
hairs, many (especially on the under surface) bulbous-based ; spikes —
short, in a terminal panicle; calyx divided to the base; segments ~
linear, acute, 5 lin. long, $ lin. broad, with long silky subadpressed —
hairs on both surfaces ; corolla 9 lin. long, subregular, pubescent
outside; tube cylindrical in the lower 3 lin.; lobes 14 lin. long,
rounded ; stamens inserted 11 lin. above the corolla-base; style
hairy. Lchium spathulatum, EB. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 68, not of Viv.
eae
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; near Lily Fontein, 4000-5000 ft.,
Drége, 3089! and without precise locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5717!
16. L. trigonus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 135); upper part of stem
and branches villous-hispid ; leaves sessile, subimbricate, channelled,
oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, strigose-pilose on both surfaces with
raised dots; spikes terminal, usually congested and few-flowered,
sometimes panicled and many-flowered; flowers secund; bracts
ovate-lanceolate; calyx hispid; lobes lanceolate, obtuse; corolla
irregular, pilose outside ; lobes rotundate; stamens inserted at the
middle of the corolla-tube, included. DO. Prod. x. 9. Echium
trigonum, Thunb. Prodr. 33; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 166; Lehm. Pl.
Asper. 428; Ic. t. 36.
Coast Region: Alexandria Div.; Zuurberg Range, Ecklon § Zeyher, and
Uitenhage Div.; Karroo, between Coe a :
Zeyher (ex Buek). ga and Sunday Rivers, Ecklon ¥
17. L. obtusifolius (DC. Prod. x. 7); stem shrubby; branches
velvety pubescent ; leaves sessile, elliptie, obtuse, 6 lin. long, 3 lin.
broad, sparsely pilose and at length white-punctate, ciliate when
young; cymes spicate, panicled; bracts ovate, shorter than the
corolla; calyx 5 lin, long, divided nearly to the base ; lobes 1 lin.
broad, 3-nerved, with simple white adpressed hairs on both surfaces ;
corolla 9 lin. long, purple, pubescent outside in the upper half;
lobes rotundate, undulate, unequal; stamens included, one much
shorter than the rest; anthers 3 lin. long; style subulate, about as
long as the corolla, with simple subadpressed hairs. Echium sp.
Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 130. :
Lobostemon. | BORAGINEZ (Wright). 33
Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.; Breede River, Gill! Uitenhage Div.;
on the Karroo-like hills by the Zwartskops River, Zeyher, 283! Zwartskops
River, Drége, 7850, ev DC., between Coega River and Sunday River, Drége,
7851! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 976! Port Hlizabeth Div.; Port
Elizabeth, Holub! Algoa Bay, Forbes! Bethelsdorp, Zeyher, 78!
18. L. Zeyheri (Buek in Linnea, xi. 134); stem and branches
grey-tomentose ; leaves many, semiamplexicaul, subspathulate, atten-
uate towards the base, wider and rather acute towards the recurved
apex, silky-villous with silvery hairs, midrib thickened ; flowers
alternate, sessile, in a terminal leafy almost simple spicate cyme;
bracts similar to the leaves, but more acute and unarmed ; calyx-
lobes unequal, silky; corolla large, irregular; stamens included,
fixed to the middle of the corolla-tube. DC. Prod. x. 6.
Coast Rxcion: Tulbagh Div.; in muddy places on Winterhoek Berg,
Zeyher.
19. L. paniculatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 139); branches elongate,
angular and pubescent above, the flower-bearing hispid; leaves
sessile, lanceolate, 11 in. long, 4 lin. broad, hispid, with white
bulbous-based hairs on the midrib and margins ; flowers subsessile,
secund; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acute, ciliate; corolla 6 lin. long,
regular, white ; stamens fixed in the corolla-throat, exserted. DC.
Prod. x. 8. Echium paniculatum, Thunb. in Schrad. Neues Journ.
i, iii. 41; FI. Cap. ed. Schult. 165 ; Lehm, Pl. Asper. 425; Ic. t, 23,
not of Drége.
Coast Reeion: Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg, Pappe! Caledon Div.; near
Bot River, 400 ft., Schlechter, 9487! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam,
Mund, Pappe! Riversdale Div.; near Zoetemelks River, in a walk to the
White-clay Pit, Burchell, 6690! :
Centra ReGion: Ceres Div.; Verkeerde Vley, Thunberg. Somerset Div. ;
Somerset, Miss Bowker !
20. L. stachydeus (DC. Prod. x. 7); stem shrubby, branched ;
branches densely villous-hirsute; leaves linear-sublanceolate, 10-15
lin. long, 2-3 lin. wide, rather acute, seabrid with bulbous-
based hairs, the upper adpressed villous, margins revolute ; flowers
sessile, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves or few in an
interrupted spicate cyme ; bracts longer than the calyx, dilated at
the base; calyx deeply 5-lobed, adpressedly and densely villous-
silky, thrice shorter than the corolla; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute ;
corolla 5-6 lin. long, blue, glabrous; stamens shortly exserted.
Echium sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62.
CenTRAL ReGion : Beaufort West Div. ; Nieawveld Mountains near Beaufort
West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége, 7849!
21. L. cederiefolius (DC. Prod. x. 7); stem shrubby;
branches terete, villous-subhirsute; leaves imbricate, lanceolate,
acute, 1 in. long, 2-3 lin. wide, seabrid on both surfaces with
bulbous-based hairs ; flowers in short dense racemose cymes; bracts
VOL. IV.—SECT, IL. D
34 BORAGINER (Wright). [ Lobostemon.
ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, scabrid on the underside of the midrib; —
ealyx-lobes linear, ciliate, glabrous outside except on the nerve, :
pubescent-scabrid within; corolla tubular, subregular, rather glab- —
rous, purple, 7-8 lin. long (also stated by DC. to be 8-9 lin. long q
and blue), twice as long as the calyx ; stamens included,
Sovurn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 9358,
22. L. ferocissimus (DC. Prod. x. 7); a shrub; branches 4
canescent, purplish and green, silvery when young; leaves sessile, |
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 20 lin. by 5 lin., pilose, with q
spinous bristles on the midrib and margins; cymes terminal,
spicate, unbranched, leafy ; calyx divided nearly to the base, 4, lin. 7
long, with simple hairs outside and thicker ones at the apex of the q
lobes; lobes oblong, 1 lin. broad, acute; corolla 6~7 lin. long; |
lobes elliptic, obtuse, ciliate ; stamens inserted near the base of the q
corolla, about as long as the corolla or slightly exserted; style
pilose. Eehiwm ferocissimum, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 39. E. Seron,
Pers. Syn. i. 163; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 11. E. argen-
teum, Roth, Bot. Ath. 63; var. B, Lehm. Pl, Asper. 422. #.
verrucosum, Drege, Zwei Pflanazengeogr. Documente, 101. HE. spy
Drége, le, 103, 114. .
Van. £, albiealyx (C. H. Wright); leaves oblong or oblanceolate, 14 in. long,
2-3 lin. broad, spinous bristles smaller than in the type; calyx divided rather
more than half-way down, with more numerous simple white hairs and fewer
thickened ones than in the type.
Coast Recton: Malmesbury Div.; Riebeck’s Castle, under 1000 ft., Drége,
1964b! Cape Div.; railway near Maitland Bridge, Wolley Dod, 2164!
Paarl Div.; Klein Drakenstein Mountains and Dal Josaphat, under 1000 ft.,
~Preve, 19649 ! Great Drakenstein Mountains and at the foot of Paarl Mountain,
ow 1000 ft., Drége. Tulbagh Div. ; Steendal near Tulbagh, Pappe/ New
Kloof, Schlechter, 7488! Ceres Road, 800 ft., Schlechter, 9069! Worcester
Div. ; on mountains near De Liefde, 1000-2004 ft., Drege. 1afiss Caledon Div. ;
mountain ridges between Zwart Berg and Zonder Kinde River, Zeyher, 1241!
Albany Div.; without collector’s name, 36! Fort Beaufort Div,; without
precise locality, Cooper, 5501
CentraL Reeion: Var. 8, Graaff Reinet Div.; on the sides of Oude Berg,
near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 155!
23. L. scaber (DC. Prod. x. 6); stem woody, branched, terete,
pilose when young; leaves approximate, sessile, oblong, acute,
9 by 3 lin., with short bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces, margins
ciliate ; cymes terminal on the branches, spicate, often branched;
bracts similar to the leaves but smaller; calyx divided almost to the
base, 4 lin. long; lobes linear, $ lin. wide, aeute, hairy outside; —
corolla blue, 7-8 lin. long, irregular, hairy outside ; lobes broad,
undulate ; stamens slightly exserted ; style longer than the stamens,
hairy. Hehium scabrum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 166, not of |
™m
Coast REGION: Swellendam Div. ; without precise locality, Zeyher / Mossel
Bay Div. ; near the landing-place at Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6301! Humansdorp
Div. ; hill sides, Humansdorp, 300 ft., Galpin, 4344 | Uitenhage Div. ; Grasrug,
Lobostemon.] BORAGINEE (Wright). 35
800-400 ft., Bawr, 1022! Algoa Bay, Forbes! Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher,
1242! Alexandria Div.; between Rautenbachs Drift and Addo Drift, Burchell,
4210! Fort Beaufort Div. ; Koonap River, near Adelaide, Cooper, 545 !
24. L. paniculeformis (DC. Prod. x. 8); a shrub; branches
terete below, somewhat angled above, velvety pubescent, mixed with
longer hairs; leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, with a few simple
hairs above and large bulbous-based hairs beneath ; cymes panicled ;
ealyx-lobes oblong-linear, obtuse; corolla 5 lin. long; stamens
slightly exserted. LEchium paniculatum, Drege, Zwet Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 180; not of Thunb. nor Lehm.
Coast Recaton: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Zeyher, 1245! near Groene
Kloof, ége! Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh, Thom, 1206! Caledon Div.;
between Genadendal and Donker Hoek, Burchell, 7917!
25. L. elongatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 140); stem branched;
branches elongated, angular and pubescent above; flower-bearing
branches softly pilose with long patent hairs; leaves sessile, semi-
amplexieaul, lanceolate, rather obtuse, with short soft white bulbous-
based hairs on both surfaces, subscabrid; flowers sessile, subsecund
on the branches of a terminal leafy congested panicle; bracts
searcely longer than the calyx, lanceolate, acute, pubescent; calyx
5-partite, hispid; lobes lanceolate, acuminate; stamens exserted,
fixed in the corolla-throat. DC. Prod. x. 8.
Coast Reeion: Swellendam Div. ; on mountains near Swellendam, Mund.
26. L. verrucosus (Buck in Linnea, xi. 138); branches elongate,
angular, canescent; leaves erect, congested, linear-lanceolate, up to
14 in. long and 4 lin. wide, obtuse, slightly keeled, at first almost
glabrous above, then subhispid with adpressed hairs, seabrid with
bulbous-based hairs beneath ; panicle terminal, at first eongested,
then lax ; flowers subsessile, erect, secund ; calyx hirsute, or hispid
with patent hairs; lobes oblong, acute; corolla 6 lin. long ; lobes
rounded ; stamens inserted in the upper part of the corolla-tube,
exserted. DC. Prod. x. 8, inel. vars. Dreget and pauciflorus,
Echium verrucosum, Sw. in Lehm. Pl, Asper. 429, and Ie. t. 37;
Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 164; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 104 (not 101); Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 59.
Coast Reaton: Cape Div.; Lion Mountain, under 1000 ft., Drége! slopes
south of Orange Kloof Road, Wolley Dod, 1648! between Rondebosch and
Wynberg, Burchell, 773! Paarl Div.; Klein Drakenstein Mountains and Dal
Josaphat, under 1000 ft., Drége. Tulbagh Div.; Winterhoek, Pappe/ near
Tulbagh, Pappe! Mitchell’s Pass, 1300 ft., Schlechter, 8941! valley above
Tulbagh waterfall, Bolus, 5209! Worcester Diy. ; Brand Vlei, 1000 ft., Schlechter,
9941! and without precise locality, Ecklon § Zeyher. Swellendam Div.; Barry-
dale, 1200 ft., Galpin, 4347!
27. L. rosmarinifolius (DC. Prod. x. 10); stem shrubby,
pilose; branches terete, tomentose-canescent below, white pilose
above, swollen at the insertion of the petioles; leaves shortly
p2
86 poracinex (Wright). [ Lobostemon.
petioled, linear-lanceolate, erect, scattered, 1 in. or rather more
long, firm, on the upper side green, with bulbous-based hairs and
channelled down the centre, on the under side densely canescent
with long hairs, margins reflexed; eymes spicate, terminal, simple,
few-flowered ; bracts as long as the calyx ; calyx 5- (rarely 6-) fid;
lobes linear, two much longer than and half as wide again as the
others; corolla subregular, one-third longer than the calyx; tube
pilose from the middle to the limb; stamens fixed at the bottom of |
the corolla, very short. Echium rosmarinifolium, Vahl, Symb, iil.
22; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 431.
South Arrica: without precise locality, Bulow.
28. L. microphyllus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 142); stem erect,
branched; branches straight, densely ineano-pubescent; leaves —
sessile, somewhat sheathing, ovate-lanceolate, rather acute, 5 by
2 lin., densely hispid on both surfaces when young, hairs deciduous —
and leaving conspicuous bulbous bases especially on the lower —
surface ; cymes terminal, much contracted ; calyx 21 lin. long, with
long hairs outside and shorter inside ; lobes oblong, obtuse ; corolla
8 lin. long, violet (Bue); lobes rounded, obtuse ; stamens inserted —
1g the corolla-throat, long exserted; style glabrous. DC. Prod. x.
Coast REGION : Stellenbosch Div. ; near Gordon’s Bay, 50 ft., Bolus, 8080!
Uniondale Div. ; mountains near Langekloof, Ecklon §* Zeyher.
_29. L. diversifolius (Buek in Linnea, xi. 140); branches erect,
hirsute; leaves sessile, the lower 1 in. by 2 lin., linear-lanceolate,
attenuate at both ends, rather obtuse, slightly keeled, papillose-—
hispid, those of the flowering branches 3-5 lin. Jong, ovate-lanceolate,
reeurved at the apex, imbricate, silky-canescent or white scabrid;
spikes terminal, panicled; flowers secund; calyx-lobes lanceolate,
acuminate, hispid ; corolla violet, 3 lin. long; tube scarcely 1 lin. .
in hepa stamens fixed in the corolla-throat, exserted. DOC. Prod.
“29:
Coast Reaion;: Caledon Div.; mountain ridges between Zwart Berg and
Zonder Kinde River, 1000-2000 ft., Zeyher, 3452! Swellendam Div. ; acon
like hills between Hessequas Kloof and Breede River, Ecklon S§ Leyher (ex Buek).
Usone Div.; at the foot of Kammannassie Mountains near Uniondale, Bolus,
30. L. spherocephalus (Buck in Linnea, xi. 143); stem
slender, shrubby; branches ascending, glabrous or eanescent,
when young almost villous ; leaves sessile, somewhat sheathing at
the base, approximate, lanceolate, obtuse, 4 by 12 lin., with
adpressed hairs on both surfaces and a few bulbous-based ones on
the lower; cymes terminal on branches near the apex of the stem,
often congested ; bracts oblong; calyx 2 lin. long, divided nearly to
the base; lobes oblong-lanceolate, with long hairs outside and shorter
inside ; corolla 3 lin. long, broadly campanulate, subregular ; lobes
ee eee wee ee
1
Lobostemon. } BORAGINEE (Wright). 37
oblong, rounded, 13 lin. long; stamens inserted just below the
corolla-throat, long exserted; style glabrous. DC. Prod. x. 12.
Echium spherocephalum, Vahl, Symb. iii. 22 ; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 431;
Ic. t. 28; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 118. Echium
capitatum, B, Lam. Lil. i. 414; Eneycl. viii. 666; Roem. & Schultes,
Syst. Veg. iv. 715.
Var. B, herbacea (Buek in Linnea, xi. 144); stems many, unbranched, spring-
ing from one root ; cymes terminal, compound, cylindrical ; hairs at the base of
the stamens less conspicuous than in the type. DC. Prod, x 12.
Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Clanwilliam, near Twenty-four Rivers,
Ecklon & Zeyher. Swellendam Div.; between Swellendam and Breede
River, Burchell, 7453! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, 1000-2000 ft.,
Drege!
Neither locality nor collector’s name is given for the variety, which I have not
seen.
31. L. capitatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 143); stem shrubby ;
branches aseending, pilose ; leaves lanceolate, hispid on both sides
with bulbous-based hairs, 1 in. by 22 lin. ; eymes on short branches
corymbosely arranged near the apex of the stem, sometimes con-
tracted into an apparent head ; bracts linear; calyx 14 lin. long,
very hairy outside ; lobes linear, obtuse ; corolla regular, red (Buek);
tube 1 lin. long, almost cylindrical; lobes 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse ;
stamens inserted at the base of and twice to thrice as long as the ~
corolla-lobes ; style glabrous, DC. Prod. x. 12. Echium capitatum,
Linn. Mant. 42; Thunb. Prodr. 33, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 166;
Lehm. Pl. Asper. 430, and Ic. t. 27; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 102. Echium capitatum, var. a, Lam. Lil. i. 414, and
Encycl. viii. 666; Roem. § Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 13. Hchium
hispidum, Burm. f. Prod. Cap. 5. .
Coast Reeion: Malmesbury Div.; Laauwskloof, near Groene Kloof, under
1C00 ft., Drege! Groene Kloof, Thunberg, Pappe! Bolus, 4320! Zwartland,
Thunberg. Cape Div.; Kasteel Berg, Pappe /
Burchell’s 6848, collected in Riversdale Div. between Zoetemelks River and
Little Vet River, may be a broad-leaved form of this species.
32. L. echioides (Lehm. in Linnea, v. 378, t. 5, fig. 1); stem
glabrous ; branches divaricate, hirsute; leaves sessile, elliptic-lanceo-
late, obtuse, firm, glabrous above, substrigose with white points
beneath especially towards the apex and margins ; spike terminal,
congested; bracts ciliate, pilose beneath; calyx hirsute; lobes
elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse ; corolla small, violet, scarcely twice as
long as the calyx; stamens inserted in the corolla-throat, long
exserted. L. lehmannianus, Buek in Linnea, xi. 141.
Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; near the Breede River, Ecklon ¥
Zeyher.
33. L. fastigiatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 141); stem woody,
branched, densely and adpressedly hairy when young; leaves sessile,
oblong, acute, 9 lin. long, 3 lin, wide, densely covered with adpressed
38 BORAGINER (Wright). [ Lobostemon.
hairs (some bulbous-based) ; cymes spicate, near the apex of the
plant ; bracts lanceolate ; calyx 2 lin. long, divided nearly to the
base ; lobes lanceolate, densely hairy outside and on the margins, —
with much shorter hairs inside; corolla 3 lin. long, subregular, —
violet (De Candolle); tube narrow; lobes oblong, obtuse ; stamens
fixed to the middle of the corolla-tube, 43 lin. long, much exserted ;
style glabrous. DC. Prod. x. 9.
Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Pappe! Karoo-like
hills between Kochmans (Cogmans) Kloof and Gauritz River, Ecklon Y Zeyher
(ex Buek). Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, Ecklon § Zeyher (ex Buek).
34. L. trichotomus (DC. Prod. x. 11); stem shrubby,
erect; branches with minute white pubescence; leaves sessile,
approximate, linear-lanceolate, more or less acute, with closely
adpressed hairs on both surfaces ; cymes spicate, forming a terminal
panicle ; calyx 2 lin. long, cut nearly to the base, densely hairy on
both surfaces; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute; corolla 6 lin. long,
oblique ; tube funnel-shaped, glabrous; lobes unequal, rounded,
undulate ; stamens inserted 1 lin. above the corolla-base ; filaments
unequal, some exserted ; style glabrous. L. thymel@oides, incl. vars.
longifolius and setulosus, DC. Prod. x. 11. LL. breviflorus, DC. Le.
10. Echium trichotomum, Thunb, Prodr. 33, in Schrad. Neues Journ.
i. iii. 39, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 164, not of Drege; Lehm. Pl.
Asper. 483, and Ic. t. 24. . canaliculatum, BR. Meyer in Drege,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 70. EE. strigosum, Eckl. ex DC. 1.¢.
12, not of Sw. E. sp., Drege, l.c. 69, 71, 78, 119. ;
rd
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thom! <i
Coast Rzcton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Packhuis Berg, 2600 ft., Schlechter, 8654!
Ceder Bergen, near Clanwilliam, 1500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9063! Cape
Div.?; borders of vineyards, Ecklon ! Worcester Div, ; Hex River Kloof,
1000-2000 ¥t., Drége, 7844b! Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh (New) Kloof and
taper ee 8 nee - é, 7846a! Mossel Bay Div.; between Little —
rak River and Hartenbosch, Burchell, 6204! bet :
oe eet a etween Hartenbosch and Mossel
Centrat ReGion: Calvinia Div.: between Grashbe i :
ay 2500-3000 ft., Drége ! on ee oe :
ESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; Modderfontein Be 4000-
eid ft., Drege, 7844a, Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft, Drége, —
CS :
De Candolle quotes ‘‘ Drége, 28464” without precise locality for L. thymie-
loideus, var. longifolius, but no such number settle in Drége’s ist. hem
35. L. nitidus (Bolus MSS.) ; stem with dense white adpressed
pubescence; leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, 6 lin. long, aeute, densely
clothed on both surfaces with white adpressed (not bulbous-based)
hairs ; inflorescence terminal, capitate ; calyx-lobes oblong, subacute
hairy outside; corolla purple, funnel-shaped, 6 lin.in diam., pubescent —
outside when young; tube much contracted below; stamens nearly
twice as long as the corolla. = 3
WesTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; Spektakel M a wit
3300 ft., Bolus, 642! Bzels Fontein, Whitehead / ountain, near Naries;
Lobostemon. | BORAGINER (Wright). 39
36. L. pubiflorus (C. H. Wright); a shrub; branehes virgate,
terete, adpressed pilose; leaves oblanceolate, acute, up to 15 by
3 lin., with white adpressed hairs on both surfaces, a few hairs
bulbous-based, pilose on the narrow basal part; cymes in a terminal
congested panicle ; calyx 3} lin. long, silky outside, 5-partite ; lobes
lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. wide; corolla funnel-shaped, hairy outside in
bud and permanently on the midribs, 6 lin. in diam,; lobes oblong,
obtuse, 3 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; stamens inserted in the corolla-
throat ; filaments densely hairy at the base, 33 lin. long; style
6 lin. long, glabrous.
CenrraL Reeion: Graaff Reinet Div.; eastern side of Cave Mountain, near
Graaff Reinet, 3900 ft., Bolus, 698!
37. L. curvifolius (Buck in Linnwa, xi. 137); stem woody,
much branched ; branches villous; leaves sessile, lanceolate, rather
obtuse, incurved-erect, keeled, recurved at the apex, the younger
very acute and silky-canescent, the older hispid with patent hairs on
both sides ; cymes congested, terminal, few-flowered ; calyx silky-
canescent ; lobes lanceolate; corolla twiee as long as the calyx;
stamens fixed to the middle of the eorolla-tube, included. DC.
Prod, x. 9.
Coast Recron: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Ecklon § Zeyher!
Zwartberg, Ecklon & Zeyher.
38. L. alopecuroideus (C. H. Wright); stem herbaceous, erect,
unbranched, glabrous or rarely with a few adpressed hairs at the
apex ; leaves lanceolate, attenuate towards both ends, the radical
1 ft. or more long, 12-15 lin. wide, the upper much smaller, with
bulbous-based hairs near the apex on both surfaces and on the
margins, otherwise glabrous; spike terminal, dense, 5 in. long, 1 in.
in diam.; calyx-lobes 3} lin. long, 1 lin. wide, densely white villous
outside, linear, acuminate ; ccrolla slightly longer than the calyx ;
lobes rounded ; stamens inserted above the middle of the corolla-
tube, much exserted; filaments with patent hairs seattered along
the lower part; style subulate, longer than the stamens, hairy on
the lower two-thirds. Echium alopecuroideum, DC. Prod. x. 15.
E. paniculatum, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
113, not of Thunb.
Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; between Groene Kloof (Mamre) and
Saldanha Bay, under 500 ft., Dréye, 7854!
39. L. latifolius (Buek in Linnea, xi. 147); stem 1 ft. high,
ascending, angular, almost glabrous at the base, villous with very
soft white hairs in the upper part; radical leaves 1-1} in. wide at
the middle, ovate-lanceolate, attenuate towards both ends, petiolate,
scabrid with bulbous-based hairs towards the margin on both surfaces,
elsewhere glabrous ; cauline leaves sessile, lanceolate, obtuse, with
scattered bulbous-based hairs ; inflorescence oblong-ovoid ; bracts as
40 | BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Lobostemon, 4
long as the flowers ; calyx densely silvery villous; stamens exserted, |
searcely bearded at the base. Echiwm latifolium, DC. Prod. x —
14. :
Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Ecklon § Zeyher. q
40. L. caudatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 147); stem 1 ft. high,
simple, angular, purplish, villous, aseendiug ; radical leaves elliptic |
or oblong, tapering towards both ends, pseudo-petiolate, 1 ft. long, Yq
1 in. wide; cauline leaves sessile, lanceolate-oblong, erect, 1 in, —
long, the upper gradually smaller, all entire, papillose and white
pilose-hispid on both surfaces, especially near the margin ; panicle —
spicate, terminal, 3 in. or more long, 1 in. in diam., ovate-oblong,
villous; calyx white-tomentose ; corolla minute; stamens exserted.
Echium caudatum, Thunb. Prodr. 33, in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. iii.
43, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 165 ; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 434, Ic. t. 32 5
DO. Prod. x. 13. E. spicatum, Burm. fil. Prod. Cap. 4.
Coast Reaton: Malmesbury Div. ; Saldanha Bay, Thunberg. Stellenbosch
Div.; Stellenbosch, Ecklon § Zeyher.
41. L. ecklonianus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 144); stem ascend-
ing, pilose; radical leaves ovate-lanceolate, rather aeute, attenuate
towards the base, cauline sessile, semi-amplexicaul, obtuse, all hispid
with patent white bulbous-based hairs; inflorescence terminal,
spicate, ovate-oblong, sometimes interrupted ; calyx white tomen-
tose; lobes obtuse, nearly as long as the corolla; corolla 2 lin.
long i lobes short, rounded. Lchiwm ecklonianum, DC. Prod.
x. 14,
Coast Rearon: Stellenbosch Div. ; near Stellenbosch, Ecklon § Zeyher !
42. L. splendens (Buek in Linnwa, xi. 146); stem ascending,
angular above, pilose with long white hairs; leaves lanceolate or
ensiform, obtuse, with a few hairs on both surfaces, or glabrous, or
callous-punctate near the apex; radical leaves very long attenuate
downwards ; petiole dilated, membranous and sheathing at the base,
purplish-villous ; cauline leaves sessile, semi-amplexicaul, subobtuse ;
inflorescence spicate, linear-oblong, interrupted at the base, 3-4 in.
long, 6-8 lin. in diam.; bracts scarcely longer than the flowers,
subacute; calyx-lobes silvery-villous, rather acute, half as long a8
, the corolla ; corolla 3 lin. long, regular; tube longer than the limb ;
lobes rounded; stamens exserted, scarcely bearded at the base.
Echium splendens, DQ. Prod. x. 15. ee
Coast Recton: Clanwilliam Div.; Clanwilliam, Ecklon & Zeyher. —
48. L. eriostachyus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 148); stem densely
villous with silky hairs; radical leaves lanceolate, up to 52 in. by
9 lin., petiolate, cauline semi-amplexicaul, lanceolate gradually
passing into the bracts; panicle oblong-ovate; calyx 5 lin. Jong,
densely silvery villous; segments linear, + lin. wide; corolla
Lobostemon. | BORAGINEE (Wright). 41
narrowly funnel-shaped or almost tubular, 5} lin. long, pubescent
inside ; lobes very short, rounded ; stamens inserted in the upper
part of the corolla-tube and reaching to about its mouth ; filaments
without a tuft of hair or scales at the base; anthers oval; style
filiform, as long as the corolla, with patent hairs in the lower part ;
nutlets compressed. Lechium eriostachyum, DC. Prod. x. 14.
Coast Rea@ion: Malmesbury Div.; Groene Kloof, Ecklon § Zeyher, 1240!
Cape Div.; Cape Flats at Doora Hoogte, Zeyher, 19! Stellenbosch Div. ;
mountains near Lowry’s Pass, 500 ft., Bolus, 5208! ‘
Although this species is destitute of hairs or scales at the base ofthe
filaments, it agrees so closely in other characters with the remaining species of this
section, that 1 concur with Buek in placing it in Lobostemon.
44, L, Galpinii (C. H. Wright); stem unbranched, very short,
4 lin. in diam.; leaves densely erowded near the base of the stem,
oblanceolate, acute, 33 in. long, 6 lin. broad, surface uneven,
covered (especially on the upper surface) with soft somewhat
adpressed hairs 1-2 lin. long; scape 4 in. long, hairy like the
leaves ; bracts like the leaves, but not exeeeding 1 in. by 2 lin;
panicle spicate, dense-flowered, 1 in. long; calyx-segments subequal,
2 lin. long, 3 lin. wide, densely clothed with straight white hairs;
corolla 3 lin, long, purple ; lobes short, rounded ; stamens exserted;
filaments hairy on their free part; anthers oval, } lin. long; style
filiform, entire, 5 lin. long, hairy in the lower half,
Coast Recron : Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, about 1200 ft., Galpin,
4349!
45. L. spicatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 145); stem simple, ascend-
ing, pilose; leaves linear, attenuate at both ends, the radical up to
6 in. by 3 lin., acute, pilose on both surfaces; panicle spicate, 4 in,
long, 1 in. in diam., dense-flowered; bracts subulate, scarcely as
long as the calyx; calyx 1} lin. long, white villous outside ;
segments linear-lanceolate, acute; corolla 3 lin. long, campanulate ;
lobes suborbicular, 1 lin, in diam.; stamens inserted near the base
of the corolla-tube, 3 lin. long, exserted, with a tuft of hairs at the
base; style about as long as the corolla, withspreading hairs in the
lower two-thirds. Echium spicatum, Linn. f. Suppl. 132; Lehm.
Pl. Asper. 435, and Ic. t. 1; Drége in Linnea, xx. 197; DC. Prod.
x. 14. HE. incanum, Thunb. in Schrad. Neues Journ, i. iii, 39, and
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 164; Lehm, Pl. Asper. 436, and Ic. t. 33, E.
sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 98. :
Sout Arrica: without locality, Forbes /
Coast Region: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Thunberg, Paarl Div. ;
between Paarl and Lady Grey Railway Bridge, tere Cape Div.; Koe
Berg, Zeyher, 2484! Stellenbosch Div.; Stellenbosch, “Ecklon & Zeyher,
Sanderson! Zand Vliet near Somerset West, Grey /
Westgeen Reqion: Great Namaqualand; Hottentots Holland, Zeyher.
46. L. viridi-argenteus (Buek in Linnwa, xi. 144); stem
ascending, purplish-tomentose at the base, incano-tomentose above,
42 BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Lobostemon.
densely leafy up to the inflorescence; leaves linear-lanceolate or
ensiform, almost glabrous, bearing only a few very short adpressed
silky hairs, radical 4-5 in. long, attenuate into a petiole, cauline
semi-amplexicaul ; inflorescence spicate, linear-oblong, 2-3 in. long, —
5-6 lin. wide; calyx 5-partite, densely villous with greenish-silvery
hairs outside ; lobes obtuse; corolla 2 lin. long; stamens exserted.
Echium viridi-argenteum, DC. Prod. x. 13.
Coast REGION : Stellenbosch Div.; Stellenbosch, Ecklon 5 Zeyher.
Imperfectly known species.
47, L. capitiformis (DC. Prod. x. 12); stem shrubby; branches
pilose-hispid ; leaves erect, elliptic, more rarely oblong, obtuse,
strigose-pilose on both surfaces with subadpressed scareely bulbous-
based hairs; flowers collected into a small terminal head ; bracts
oblong, linear; calyx-lobes lanceolate, hispid; corolla regular, glab-
rous, as long as the calyx-tube; lobes patent; stamens exserted ;
filaments with an ovate erect scale at their base, very densely villous
on its margins, LHchium bergianum, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 79, not elsewhere. : :
. aoe ReGion: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drége,
48. L. cephaloideus (DC. Prod. x. 12); stem shrubby ; branches
straight, erect, terete, at the apex villous-hirsute, at the base glab-
rous; leaves lanceolate, erect, rather acute, on both sides with
subadpressed bulbous-based hairs; cymes congested into an ovate |
head ; calyx half as long as the corolla, densely white-villous; lobes —
lanceolate ; corolla glabrous ; stamens shortly exserted ; filaments at
the base with an ovate erect scale densely villous on its margin. ©
Echium sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 111.
Coast Region: Cape Div.; between Tygerberg and Simon’s Bay, under
500 ft., Drége, 9359.
49. L. hispidus (DC. Prod. x. 10); stem shrubby, rugose,
glabrous, fuscous, 1 ft. or more high; branches hispid-pilose at the
apex, erect; leaves sessile, entire, lanceolate, both surfaces and —
margin hispid-pilose, patent or subrevolute ; cymes terminal, spicate;
calyx white-villons; corolla white; stamens ineluded. Echium —
hispidum, Thunb. in Schrad. Neues Journ. i. iii. 40; Thunb. Prod.
33, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 164; Lehm. Pl. Asper. 433.
Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg.
50. L. lasiophyllus (DC. Prod. x. 10); stem shrubby ; branches
with adpressed hairs; leaves lanceolate, apiculate, grey-silky,
16 lin. long, 6 lin. wide, narrowed at the base ; eymes short, spicate
calyx-lobes as long as the corolla ; corolla 8-10 lin. long, white, sub-
regular, pubescent outside; stamens as long as the corolla; style
Lobostemon. | BORAGINEE (Wright). 43
glabrous, exserted. Hchiwm lasiophyllum, Link, Enum. Hort.
Berol. i. 170. E. longifolium, Hort, ex DO. l.c. not of Delile.
Country unknown.
51. L. lucidus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 136); branches simple,
erect ; leaves sessile, coriaceous, rather obtuse, quite glabrous,
shining, ciliate at the base, 2 in. long, 2-3 lin. wide; cymes spicate,
compound, terminal, very villous; calyx deeply 5-partite; lobes
linear, very long, densely villous; corolla small, irregular; stamens
included, fixed to the middle of the corolla-tube ; nutlets papillose.
DC. Prod. x. 10. Echium lucidum, Lehm. Pl. Nov. Hort. Hamb.
1827, n. 4, and in Linnea, v. 374.
Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; Grootvaders Bosch Mountain, Beil &
Mund (ex Buek).
De Candolle suggests that this may be the same as L. caudatus, Buek.
52. L. sprengelianus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 133) ; stem branched,
tomentose ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, silky-tomentose, scabrid with
white tubercles on the margins and underside of midrib; cymes
spicate, in a terminal leafy racemose panicle; calyx hispid with
long white hairs ; lobes lanceolate, very long acuminate ; corolla sub-
regular; lobes obtuse ; stamens inserted at the base of the corolla-
tube, with a villous scale, included. Echium sprengelianum, DC.
rrod..x. 16,
Coast Region : Cape Div. ; east side of Table Mountain near Klassenbosch,
cklon.
53. L. virgatus (Buek in Linnea, xi. 142); stem erect, branched,
glabrous; branches virgate, the younger unbranched, leafy, covered
with grey adpressed pubescence, the older almost leafless and glab-
rous; leaves somewhat imbricate, sessile, erect, entire, slightly
keeled, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, ‘‘ with very short adpressed hairs,
grey glaucous, subglabrous above, subscabrid with scattered papille
beneath and on the margin”; cymes spicate, terminal, alternate,
condensed, forming an apparent head ; bracts recurved at the apex,
hispid ; flowers on very short hispid pedicels, secund ; calyx hispid ;
lobes rather obtuse; corolla small, violet; tube narrow; limb
expanded ; stamens much exserted, inserted in the corolla-throat.
DC. Prod. x. 11.
Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; Karoo-like hills in Kannaland, between
Kochmanskloof and Gauritz River, Ecklon § Zeyher.
Buek’s description of the indumentum on the leaves is apparently con-
tradictory.
XIII. ECHIUM, Linn.
Calyx 5-partite; segments linear, rarely lanceolate. Corolla
iaustauibeey: da soi aeabseals oblique, naked inside; lobes 5,
imbricate, rounded, unequal, erect, or somewhat patent, Stamens 5,
44 BORAGINEE (Wright). [ Behiwm.
inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube, usually unequal and
exserted ; filaments often dilated at the base, glabrous, deeurrent in
the upper part; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse. Ovary 4-lobed ;
lobes free, on a flat disk ;-style filiform, usually exserted, shortly
bifid at the apex; stigmas small. Nutlets 4, distinct, ereet, ovoid or
acuminate, rugose, fixed by a basal areole to the flat or very slightly
convex disk. Embryo straight; cotyledons ovate, flat. r
Herbs or shrubs, svabrid, hispid or canescent; Jeaves alternate: cymes uni-
lateral, scorpioid, simple or forked, at first dense, afterwards usually elongated ;
bracts small, or large and leafy ; flowers blue, violet or red, rarely white.
DistRiB. Species about 40,in Europe, Western Asia, North Africa, the Canary
Islands and Azores.
Corolla tubular, red...
‘ee uh zac es 1) formosum.
Corolla funnel-shaped, blue-violet .. as ia
2) violaceum.
1. E. formosum (Pers. Syn. i. 163); a shrub 2-3 ft. high;
stem branched above; branches terete, glabrous, marked in the
lower part with the scales of fallen leaves ; leaves lanceolate, acumi-
nate, entire, sessile, 4 in. long, 8 lin. broad, with short white
bulbous-based hairs on the upper surface and margins, almost
glabrous on the lower; inflorescence terminal, few to many flowered ;
calyx 10 lin. long, hirsute on both surfaces; lobes 5, unequally
united ; corolla tubular, red, 11 in. long, pubescent outside and
inside 2 lin. below the insertion of the stamens ; stamens inserted
5 lin. above the corolla-base ; filaments unequal, the longer slightly
exserted, glabrous; style filiform, as long as the stamens, sparsely
pilose. Lehm. Pl. Asper. 418; DC. Prod. x.15. EE. grandiflorum,
Andr. Rep. t. 20; Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 97 ; Herb. Amat. t. 195;
Bot. Reg. t. 124; Desf. Arb. i. 177, not Fl. Atlant. EF, tubiferum,
Poir. Encycl. viii. 663. EH. regulariflorwum, Ker, Recens. 11, 42.
E. longiflorum, Dum.-Cours. Bot. Cult. ed. 2, Suppl. vii. 147.
Lobostemon formosus, Buek in Linnea, xi. 182.
Sours Arrica: Without locality, Masson ! Niven, Rogers?
Coast Raion : Stellenbosch Div.; French Hoek, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 9284!
Stellenbosch, Ecklon S Zeyher ; Hottentots Holland, Ecklon.
2. E. violaceum (Linn. Mant. 42); stem herbaceous, erect,
hirsute with tuberous-based hairs ; leaves elliptic-oblong, 3 in. long,
9 lin. wide, the lower attenuated into petioles 1 in. loug, the upper
getting gradually smaller, lanceolate, sessile, amplexicaul ; cymes —
scorpioid, racemosely arranged along the upper part of the stem;
calyx 4 lin. long, hirsute outside, more sparingly so inside; lobes -
lanceolate ; corolla 9 lin. long, oblique, intense blue-violet, pilose
outside in the upper part; tube funnel-shaped; lobes rounded; —
stamens fixed at unequal heights in the corolla-tube, exserted; —
filaments curved; anthers elliptic, $ lin. long, dorsifixed; style
pilose = we ee eg bifid ; nutlets ovoid, acuminate, —
muricate, . Prod. x. 22. E. plantagineum, Linn. 202;
Jacq. Hort. Vind. i. t.45; DO. Prod, xs 32, peice
Echium.] BORAGINEE (Wright). 45
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Villette! Wallich/ Harvey, 398.
Coast Reeron: Cape Div. ; by roads adjacent to formerly cultivated fields
near Cape Town, 100 ft., Bolus, 4989! Herschel Lane, Claremont, Wolley Dod,
1893!
Also in South Europe, the Orient, North Africa, Canary Islands, and South
Temperate America,
Introduced into South Africa.
Orprer XCIII. CONVOLVULACEZ.
(By J. G. Baker and C. H. Wrieut.)
Calyx free, persistent ; sepals 5, equal or unequal, usually distinct
down to the base. Corolla campanulate or funnel-shaped, rarely
almost rotate, plicate in bud, entire or shortly lobed. Stamens 5,
inserted in the corolla-tube opposite the sepals; filaments filiform
or subulate; anthers 2-celled, dorsifixed, linear or oblong, dehiscing
longitudinally. Ovary free, 1—4-celled, rarely with almost distinct
carpels; ovules 2 (more rarely 1 or 4) in each cell; style filiform,
simple or forked ; stigma capitate, dilated or linear, Fruit eapsular
or indehiscent. Seeds as many as the ovules or fewer, glabrous,
villous or woolly; albumen thin; cotyledons usually broad and
much folded.
Herbs or shrubs, frequently twining, rarely trees, in Cuseuta leafless parasites ;
leaves alternate, petioled, usually exstipulate; flowers solitary or in peduncled
bracteate axillary cymes, various in size and colour, often showy.
Disrais. Genera 40, species about 1000, cosmopolitan.
* Herbs or shrubs, not parasitic, with green leaves.
+ Fruit an entire globose capsule.
I. Ipomea,.—Ovary 2- or 4-celled, 4-ovuled, rarely 3-celled, 6-ovuled; style
simple; stigmas capitate ; stamens inelnded.
II. Quamoclit.—Ovary 4-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigmas capitate ;
stamens exserted. : ;
III. Hewittia.—Ovary 1-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigmas ovate.
IV. Astrochiena.—Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigmas linear-
oblong; stem and leaves clothed with stellate hairs.
V. Jacquemontia.—Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigmas ovate-
oblong.
VI. Convolvulus.—Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigmas linear or
filiform.
VII. Evolvulus.—Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style deeply twice-forked ; stigmas
club-shaped or filiform.
VIII. Breweria.—Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style deeply forked; stigmas
capitate.
+} Fruit deeply lobed.
IX. Falkia.—Ovary 4-lobed ; lobes 1-ovuled.
X. Dichondra, Ovary 2-lobed ; lobes 2-ovuled.
#* Leafless parasites.
XI, Cuscuta.—Only South African genus.
46 conVOLVULACEE (Baker & Wright).
I, IPOMGA, Linn.
Sepals 5, very various in shape and texture, free to the base,
equal or unequal. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped or campanulate,
rarely hypocrateriform; lobes very short. Stamens 5, inserted low
down in the corolla-tube. Ovary usually 4-ovuled and 2-celled or
more or less distinctly 4-celled, rarely 3-eelled and 6-ovuled ; style
filiform; stigma with 2 capitate subglobose lobes. Fruit capsular.
Seeds hairy or glabrous.
Twining or erect herbs or undershrubs ; leaves very various in shape; flowers
solitary or cymose, usually larger and more showy than in Convolvulus.
DistTRiB. Species about 400, cosmopolitan in the tropical and warm temperate
zones.
Section 1. Orturpom@a. Stem erect, ascending or prostrate, but neither
twining nor producing adventitious roots.
Leaves narrow or with narrow lobes :
Leaves glabrous :
Leaves entire, tapering towards the base (1) simplex.
Leaves entire, broad at the base ... (2) pretermissa.
Leaves divided... se oes +» (3) angustisecta.
Leaves pilose... ae ee “Ve »» (4) Enothera.
Leaves pubescent beneath :
Corolla 2in. long:
Peduncle 1 in. or more long .» (5) argyreioides.
Peduncle 4 lin. long si »» (6) robertsiana.
Corolla less than 1 in, long sa ... (7) Barrettii.
Leaves spathulate-cuneate, bilobed ee a a) mesenterioides,
Leaves ovate or oblong, not less than 4 lin.
wide:
Leaves pubescent :
Corolla narrowly funnel-shaped, 3—4 in.
long: . (9) adenioides.
Corolla campanulate, 2 in. long... -.. (10) suffruticosa.
Leaves pilose :
Leaves green on both surfaces, sessile ... (11) Greenstockii,
Leaves white beneath, shortly petioled (12) chloroneura.
Section 2. ErripoMea. Stem prostrate and rooting, not twining.
Flowers solitary, white .., vis sve ... (13) carnosa.
Flowers cymose, purple ., .., «4. ~~ see. (14) biloba.
Section 3. Srrornipome@a. Stems twining, at least at their ends.
* Leaves entire:
Inflorescence subcapitate, surrounded by
an involucre of connate bracts ... _... (15) pileata.
Inflorescence a capitate or umbellate 3-
or more flowered cyme; bracts not con-
nate:
Sepals more than 6 lin. long, ovate-
acuminate :
Leaves ovate, 2-3 in. long ... (16) Atherstonei,
Leaves lanceolate, 8-10 in. long ... (17) Ommanei.
Sepals more than 6 lin. long, linear ..; (18) ovata.
Sepals less than 6 lin. long, lanceo-
late... va Wc dad -.- (19) gerrardiana.
Inflorescence 1- (rarely 2-) flowered ; bracts
not connate
Leaves linear and hastate or auricled —
atthe base .. ... 4. ~~ .. (20) angustifolia.
Ipomea. ] CONVOLVULACE& (Baker & Wright). 47
Leaves linear, not hastate nor auricled
at the base... oF ies ... (21) bowieana,
Leaves obtuse at the base, but not
cordate :
Sepals unequal :
Leaves densely covered with
ashy tomentum ,,, .. (22) bellecomans.
Leaves not densely tomen-
tose :
Corolla about 2 in. in
diam. ... es ... (23) crassipes.
Corolla about 1 in. in
diam. .., “a --» (24) sarmentacea,
Sepals equal :
Leaves oblong or ovate :
Tomentum dense, silvery (25) sublucens.
Tomentum dense, brown (26) oblongata, var.
hirsuta.
Tomentum sparse :
Sepals 6-9 lin. long (26) oblongata.
Sepals 3-4 lin. long (27) contorta.
Leaves lanceolate .. ... (28) xiphosepala,
Leaves broad, hastate at the base... (50) gracilisepala.
Leaves cordate at the base:
Leaves white tomentose on the
underside of the veins ... .-- (30) albivenia.
j Leaves densely hairy :
Peduncles longer than the
leaf-blade :
Petioles very short _... (23) crassipes, var.
longepedunculata.
Petioles long... ... (31) purpurea.
Peduncles shorter than the
leaf-blade :
| Calyx glabrous ... —«.. 3) convolvuloides,
Calyx tomentose ... (33) undulata.
Leaves glabrous or slightly hairy :
) Flowers 23-3 in, long : a
Corolla rosy-pink ts a} Woodii.
Corolla white... ... (35) saundersiana,
Flowers less than 2 in. long:
Leaves almost coriaceous (36) lambtoniana,
Leaves membranous :
Sepals obtuse ... (37) bathycolpos,
Sepals acute :
: Peduncles shorter
’ than the pe-
: tioles :
Corolla rose
or white ... (38) cardiosepala,
Corolla sul-
phur-yellow (39) geminiflora.
Peduncles much
longer than the
petioles + (40) obscura.
** Leaves lobed : a
Leaves cordate, irregularly lobed ... _... (41) Papilio.
Leaves ovate or oblong, repand-pinnatifid (42) petunioides.
Leaves palmately lobed :
Lobes of leaves broad:
48 coNVOLvULACES® (Baker & Wright). — [Ipomeea.
Ze
‘linear-lanceolate, entire or with a few pinnately arranged lobes up to-
Stem not winged :
Leaves white tomentose
beveath (at least when
young) :
Corolla narrowly funnel-
shaped, about 1 in.
long . 3. oc ... (48) Wightii.
Corolla broadly funnel-
shaped, 14-2 in. Jong (44) ficifolia.
Leaves not white tomentose
beneath = 127. “te ... (45) digitata.
Stem 4-winged ... ane ... (46) tetraptera.
Lobes of leaves narrow, entire:
Leaves densely white tomentose
beneath ... es wees one (47) magnusiana.
Leaves brown tomentose beneath (48) malveefolia.
Leaves glabrous :
Corolla 6 lin. long, yellow ... (49) quinquefolia.
Corolla about 2 in. long,
purple wie ite ... (50) palmata.
Lobes of leaves narrow, pinnatifid .., (51) dissecta.
1. I. simplex (Thunb. Prodr. 86) ; a glabrous perennial about
4in. high ; rootstock globose or fusiform, up to 21 in. long and 1 in.
in diam. ; stem erect, slender, woody; leaves approximate, linear or
7 lin. long, 1-3 in, long, 1-3 lin. wide, acuminate, tapering to and
almost petioled at the base; flowers solitary, axillary, erect;
peduncles 3 lin. long; calyx 6 lin. long; sepals lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, acute; corolla broadly funnel-shaped, about 1 in. long,
white (Sanderson), shallowly lobed; capsule globose, glabrous.
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 170; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
136; Wood ¢ Evans, Natal Pl. t.15; Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901,
56. I. plantaginea, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 147; Rendle
in Journ. Bot. 1902, 191. Convolvulus simplex, Spreng. Syst. i.
607. C. plantagineus, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 405.
Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; between Luris (Loeri) River and Galge-
bosch, Thunberg / Alexandria Div. ; on grassy hills at Quaggas Flats and Addo,
Zeyher, 762! Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drege! Albany Div.; near
Grahamstown, 2200 ft., MacOwan, 1026! and without precise locality, Zeyher!
Queenstown Div.; near the Zwart Kei River, Cooper, 2720a ! i
Katanart Reeion: Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson! and
without precise locality, Barrett-Haméilton! Transvaal ; north of Johannesburg.
Rand, 1105! Jeppestown Ridges, (ilfillon in Herb. Galpin, 6155!
Kastern Recion: Tembaland; hills and flats near Bazeia, 2000-2500 ft.,
Baur, 368! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 411! Attercliff, 600 ft., Sanderson, 233!
Tugela, Gerrard, 18221! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 424
Gueinzius !
CO, on
2. I. pratermissa (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901,56) ; a subshrub,
apparently with the habit of I. simplex, Thunb. ; branches ascending,
terete, reddish-brown, minutely verrucose, rather viscid in the
younger parts; leaves up to 1 in. long by 2 lin. wide, rather thick,
narrowly lanceolate, cuspidate, l-nerved, veins and undulate margins
reddish ; petiole 2 lin. long; peduncles 3 lin.. long, 1-flowered;
Ipomea.] CONVOLVULACEE (Baker & Wright). 49
bracteoles 1 lin. long, 14 lin. below the calyx, lanceolate; sepals
chartaceous, ovate-lanceoiate, shortly cuspidate, more or less verru-
cose outside, the outer 3-4 lin. long and 11 lin. wide, the inner
6 lin. long; corolla rosy (when withered), about 14 lin. long, central
areas bounded by two nerves.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1214!
3. I. angustisecta (Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 245, t. 7, fig. A.);
tuber about 2 in. in diam. ; stem about 6 in. high; branches some-
times long and trailing; leaves up to 4 in. long, palmately or almost
pinnately divided into 7 or fewer linear segments, very rarely almost
entire, rather fleshy, glabrous; flowers solitary or few together ;
pedicels about 4 lin. long, sometimes bearing 1-2 small lanceolate
bracteoles; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, 6 lin. long ;
corolla 12 in. long, 14-2 in. in diam. ; tube rosy-purple ; limb with
broad purple stripes ; filaments filiform, 6 lin. long; anthers narrowly
sagittate, 2 lin. long. J. bolusiana, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.
Brandenb. xxx. 271; Hallier f, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 147; var.
ablreviata, Hallier f.in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 54. I. simplex,
Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4206; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 146,
not of Thunb.
KaLaHARI REGION: Griqualand West; near Kimberley, 4000 ft., Marloth,
777 ; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1819! west of the Vaal River, Shaw, 60! St.
Clair, Orpen, 215! Bechuanaland; Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2559! Transvaal;
Magalies Berg, Burke, 105! Zeyher, 1219! near the Vaal River, Nelson, 208 !
Wonderveld, Pretoria district, Nelson, 508! Boschveld, at Klippan, Rehmann,
5270!
Also in Tropical Africa.
4, I. Enother@ (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125) ; a herb
about 6 in. high; stems many, ascending, pilose; radical leaves
long linear, cauline oblong-linear, acute, tapering towards the base,
repand or with linear lobes near the base, up to 3 in. long and 3 lin.
wide, pilose on both surfaces; petiole up to 1} in. long, pilose;
peduneles solitary, 1-flowered, pilose; sepals ovate, acuminate or
almost aristate, 4 lin. long, 3 outer 11 lin. wide, inner narrower ;
corolla purple, 1-12 in. long and wide ; style glabrous, divided below
the middle; capsule glabrous ; seeds white villous. Convolvulus
CHnothere, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 520.
Katanart ReGton: Transvaal: Boshveld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5264!
Eastern Reeron: Natal; in ‘‘ Thorns” near Mooi River, 3000 ft., Wood,
4490!
Also in Tropical Africa.
5. I. argyreioides (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 357); much-
branched erect low shrub, with thinly silvery leaves and young stems ;
leaves entire, short-petioled, ascending, linear or oblanceolate, acute,
narrowed to the base, 1-2 in. long, moderately firm in texture ;
peduncles axillary, erecto-patent, usually very short, 1-flowered,
rarely longer or 2-flowered; bracts minute, linear ; sepals 6-9 lin,
VOL. 1¥.—SEOT. Ul, E
Mo. Bot. Garden
1905
50 CONVOLVULACER (Baker & Wright). [Zpomea.
long, subequal, lanceolate, acute, silvery ; corolla bright red, broadly
funnel-shaped, 2-21 in. long, silvery down the back of the lobes;
capsule coriaceous, glabrous, globose, as long as the calyx; seeds —
black, glabrous. Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902,191. I. cana, BE.
Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 45, 54. Convol-
vulus cenotheroides, Linn. f. Suppl. 137. Rivea cenotheroides, Hallier
f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 156.
Soutu AFRICA: without locality, Zeyher, 12(6! 1207!
Coast Region: Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, 2500 ft., Burke / Mac-
Owan, 524! Rutherford ! Fort Beaufort Div.; near Fort Beaufort, Baur!
Catbeart Div.; between Kat Berg and Klipplaat River, 300)-4000 ft., Drege!
Queenstown Div. ; Qamata, Bawr! Tambukiland, Zeyher! Shiloh, 3500 ft.,
Baur, 895!
CentraL Recion: Somerset Div.; near Somerset, Bowker, 6! Graaff
Reinet Div.; mountains near Graaff Reinet, 3000-3800 ft., Bolus, 194! Bolus
and MacOwan Herb. Norm. Afr.-Aust., 1326! Cradock Div. ; near Cradock,
Cooper, 1290! Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Shaw! Albert Div.; ‘‘ New
Hantem.” 4000-5000 ft., Drége! Philipstown Div.; near Ruigte Fontein (Wash-
banks River), Burchell, 2733!
Katanari Reqion : Griqualand West; Kimberley, Marloth. Orange River
Colony; near the Caledon River, Burke! Leuw Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-
mo Transvaal; Maquasi Hills, Nelson, 233! Magalies Berg, Burke,
Hastern Recion: Natal; Klip River County, Wood, 3392! and without
precise locality, Gerrard, 1327!
6. I. robertsiana (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 18) ; suffruticose ;
stems prostrate, rather hirsute, terete ; leaves linear-lanceolate, entire,
hairy on the margins and under surface, up to 11 in. long by 3 lin.
wide; petiole about 1 lin. long; pedunele 1 in. or more long,
densely hairy, 1-flowered ; bracteoles 2, narrowly linear, 5 lin. long ;
pedicels very short ; sepals lanceolate to ovate, acuminate, 9 lin.
long ; corolla widely funnel-shaped, glabrous, purple, 2 in. long,
central areas 3-nerved.
Katawari Recion: Transvaal; Pilgrim’s Rest, Greenstock !
7. I. Barretti (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 190); an undershrub,
with procumbent branches and slender ascending branchlets, clothed
with whitish pubescence; leaves shortly petioled, linear-oblong,
under 1 in. long, 14 lin. wide, obtuse, entire, glabrous on the upper
surface ; clothed with whitish pubescence beneath ; flowers axillary,
solitary, nearly sessile ; bracts minute, linear; sepals ovate, acute,
subequal, under 6 lin. long; corolla more than twice the length
of the calyx, clothed with white pubescence outside the central
area,
Katanart ReGron: Orange River Colony; ° i at
Burritt. tae? nge Riv at Leeuw Spruit and Vredefo a
8. I. mesenterioides (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 544) ; @
herb with the habit of J. simplex, Thunb.; stem erect, about 6 in.
high, glabrous, slender, terete, sparingly branched at the base;
leaves long spathulate-cuneate, bilobed with a short reflexed point
Ipomea. ] cONvoLVULACE# (Baker & Wright). 51
between the lobes, up to 21 in. long and 9 lin. wide at the apex,
undulate, bright green above, paler below, glaucescent; lateral
nerves 6-7 on each side; peduncles axillary, solitary, very short,
erect, 1-flowered ; sepals subequal, 4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute,
glabrous ; corolla unknown; young capsule globose, glabrous ; style
simple, terminal.
KataHARI ReGion: Transvaal ; Boshveld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5267!
9. I. adenioides (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb, xxx.
270); stem erect, woody, pale brown, downy upwards; leaves short
petioled, ascending, narrowly obovate, 14-3 in. long, obtuse, entire,
narrowed gradually from above the middle to the base, thick, green
and glabrous on both surfaces when mature; flowers shortly
peduncled, solitary in the axils of the leaves ; calyx 4 lin. long;
sepals subequal, lanceolate, acuminate, silvery on the back ; corolla
3-4 in. long, 14 in. in diam.; tube long, subeylindrical; limb
searcely lobed, silvery outside; stamens in two rows above the
middle of the tube; filaments short; capsule globose, rigid, as long
as the calyx ; seeds covered with brown silky hairs. J. Marlothit,
Engl. Jahrb. x, 244. Rivea adenioides, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb.
xviil. 156.
Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; Boschveld, between Elands River and Klippan,
Rehmann, 5070!
Also in Tropical Africa.
10. I. suffruticosa (Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. ii. 226); root thick,
fusiform ‘or bulbous”; stem branched, not climbing, slender,
clothed with short silvery hairs; leaves elliptic-oblong, up to 15 by
5 lin., verrucose above, densely silvery pubescent beneath, rather
acute, rounded at the base; petiole 2 lin. long ; flowers solitary,
axillary ; peduncle 6 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 7 lin.
long, white and silky outside; corolla campanulate, 2 in. long,
21 in. in diam., rosy purple; stamens unequal, the longest 10 lin.
long. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 357, excl. syn. I. contorta, Engl. in
Engl. Jahrb. x. 244, not of Choisy. Rivea suffruticosa, Hailier f.
in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 156.
Katanart Reoiow: Griqualand West; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1833! in
stony places near Groot Boetsap, 3900 ft., Marloth, 928! (ex Engler), 978 (ex
Hallier f.).
11. I. Greenstockii (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 38, and 1901,
14); a small bushy plant 3-6 in. high; branches wiry, terete,
hirsute ; leaves numerous, linear to ovate-oblong, amplexicaul, up
to 11 in. by 6 lin. (usually smaller), densely pilose on both surfaces,
sessile or very shortly petioled; flowers few, subsessile; bracts
linear, short; sepals unequal, 2 outer ovate-lanceolate, 7 lin. long,
3 lin. broad, inner narrower, acuminate; corolla funnel-shaped,
12 in. long, 12 in. in diam., purple E stamens all unequal, 53-8 lin.
E
52 convoLvuLacez (Baker & Wright). [ Tpomea.
long; pollen spherical, spiny; style rather shorter than the long —
stamens. J. crassipes, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 44, :
partly.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1210! :
CenTRAL Recton: Somerset Div. ; near the Fish River, Burke! Basutoland
Cooper, 2778! meen
KALAHARI Recon: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! Pilgrims Rest,
Greenstock! Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Giljid/an on Herb.
Galpin, 6157!
Eastern Recion: Natal, Gerrard, 1330!
12. I. chloroneura (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 132) ; annual
stems suberect or trailing, slender, very hairy; leaves shortly
petioled, oblong-lanceolate, entire, 1-1} in. long, green and thinly
hairy above, densely clothed with long white hairs beneath ; flowers
few in a dense peduncled head surrounded by oblong leafy bracts ;
sepals lanceolate, subequal, very hairy, 3 lin. long; corolla not
much longer than the calyx, about 2 lin. wide, widely tubular-
funnel-shaped, with a tuft of white hairs at the apex of each petal.
KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal, Holub!
Also in Tropical Africa.
13. I. carnosa (R. Br. Prodr. 485); a trailing perennial herb,
glabrous in all its parts; leaves distinctly petioled, very variable in
size and shape, oblong, linear-oblong or lanceolate, 3-2 in. long,
acute or obtuse, truncate, hastate or caudate at the base, usually
entire, rarely palmately 5-lobed ; peduncle always 1-flowered ; calyx
4 lin. long ; sepals oblong, cuspidate, chartaceous, imbricate ; ‘corolla
pinkish-white, funnel-shaped, 13-18 in. long; capsule globose,
6 lin. in diam., imperfectly 4-celled; seeds woolly. Benth. Fl.
Austr. iv. 420. I. littoralis, Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv, 112, not of
Blume; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 144. I. sinuata, O. Kuntze,
Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 442. Convolvulus littoralis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. %,
227. C. stoloniferus, Cyr. Pl. Rar. 14, t. 5. (©. radicans, Thunb.
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 168. Batatas littoralis and B. acetosefolia,
ey in DC. Prod. ix. 337-8. B. incurva, Benth. in Hook. Niger
1. 464.
Sout Arica: without locality, Thunberg !
Shores of many parts of the tropical and subtropical regions,
14. I. biloba (Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab. 44) ; perennial; glabrous
in all its parts; stems stout, wide-trailing, woody; leaves entire,
roundish or ovate, cuneate or truncate at the base, 3-4 in. long and
broad, coriaceous and rather succulent in texture, more or less
deeply emarginate at the apex, with 2 rounded lobes; peduncles few-
or many-flowered ; bracts minute, deltoid; pedicels rather long;
calyx 3-4 lin. long; sepals oblong, cuspidate, much imbricate
corolla 2-23 in. long, funnel-shaped, dilated in the upper half, —
bright red; capsule coriaceous, globose, glabrous, 9 lin, in diam.;
re he eee aT
Ipomea.]} CONVOLVULACE® (Baker & Wright). 53
seeds hairy. Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 212. I. Pes-capre, Roth,
Nov. Sp. 109; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 349, partly ; Hallier f. in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 145; Sinclair, Fl. Hawaii, t.16. I. maritima,
KR. Br. Prodr. 486; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 154;
Bot. Reg. t. 319. Convolvulus Pes-capre and C. brasilianus, Linn.
Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 226.
Coast Reation: Knysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Burchell, 5346! Port
Elizabeth Div. ; on the downs along the Krakakamma Forest and by Cape Recife,
Zeyher, 561! Bathurst Div. ; sand-hills near the sea, Miss Bowker !
EASTERN REGION: Pondoland; between Umtsikaba and Umtentu Rivers,
Drége ! shore near Port St. John, 10 ft., Galpin, 3489! Natal; near Durban,
Wood, 899! Grant!
Also on the shores of all warm regions.
15. I. pileata (Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, ii. 94); whole plant
villous; stem twining; leaves cordate, acute, entire, about 2 in. long
and wide; petiole about as long as the blade; peduncles solitary,
axillary ; bracts united into a cymbiform involucre surrounding 6-8
flowers; sepals unequal, 2 outer ovate, 3 inner linear; corolla
tubular-funnel-shaped, purple; tube narrow; mouth 11 in. in
diam. ; filaments dilated at and ciliate on each side of the base;
eapsule glabrous. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 8365; Wight, Ic. t. 1363 ;
C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 203. I. involucrata,
Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 135, partly, not of Beauv.
Katawart ReGion: Transvaal; hill sides, among scrub, near Barberton,
3000 ft., Galpin, 882!
Also in India and Tropical Africa.
16. I. Atherstonei (Baker) ; shrubby, perennial : stems moderately
stout, terete, trailing, densely clothed with short spreading grey
bristly hairs ; leaves ovate, entire, obtuse with a small cusp, shallowly
cordate at the base, 2-3 in. long, firm in texture, densely matted on
both sides with persistent whitish shaggy tomentum ; petiole about
6 lin. long; flowers 3-4 together in capitate cymes on shaggy
peduncles, sometimes nearly as long as the leaves; bracts ovate,
acute, persistent, nearly or quite as long as the calyx ; calyx shaggy,
9 lin. long; outer sepals oblong-lanceolate, inner linear; corolla
pink, 13-2 in. long, silky down the back of the divisions ; capsule
unknown.
Katanari Recion: Bechuanaland; Banquaketse Territory, near Moshaneng,
Holub ! Transvaal; near Nazareth, Atherstone!
17. I. Ommanei (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 190); stems
herbaceous ; trailing to a length of 6 ft. or more, stout, clothed in
the younger parts with whitish or rusty pubescence ; leaves shortly
petioled, lanceolate, reaching 8-10 in. long, 3-4 in. broad, rounded
or subcordate at the base, subobtuse, crisped and densely eiliate on
the margin, densely clothed on both surfaces when young with silky
brownish-white hairs; flowers in a dense head on an axillary
54 CONVOLVULACEa (Baker & Wright). [ Ipomeea.
peduncle much shorter than the leaves; lower bracts ovate, acumi-
nate, above 1 in. long; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, silky on the
back, ciliate, above 1 in. long, the two outer much broader than the
three inner; corolla funnel-shaped, magenta-coloured, 2 in. long,
rather silky outside ; anthers sagittate, above 3 lin. long.
Kanauart Recion: Transvaal; Mooi River, Burke! Wonderboom Poort,
near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4541! near Johannesburg, Ommaney, 90! 91! Rand,
1226! near Roode Poort, Rand. 960! Jeppestown Ridges, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in
Herb. Galpin, 6158! and cultivated specimen, Wood, 7189!
The leaves are said to be greedily eaten by cattle.
~ 18. I. ovata (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
154, 195); perennial twiner; stems robust, angular, densely clothed
with deflexed bristly hairs; leaves ovate, entire, firm in texture,
obtuse or subacute, truncate or shallowly cordate at the base, 2—4 in.
long, nearly glabrous or thinly bristly on both sides when mature;
petiole much shorter than the blade ; flowers several, capitate, on a
bristly peduncle 2-5 in. long; bracts linear, bristly, 3—% in. long ;
calyx 3-1 in. long, clothed throughout with dense spreading bristly
hairs; sepals equal, linear, very acuminate ; corolla broadly funnel-
shaped, bright purple, 2-24 in. long, glabrous on the outside ;
eapsule glabrous, much shorter than the calyx; seeds glabrous.
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 19. :
ue Var. 8, pellita (Baker) ; leaves densely matted with a persistent coat of dense
soft hairs on both sides; hairs of the sepals longer and softer. I. sp., Drége, l.c.
145. I. pellita, Hullier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 130.
Kananart REGION: Basutoland, Cooper, 2779! Transvaal;
Vandeleur !
KasTERN ReEGION: Transkei; near Butterworth, Bowker, 323! Natal;
between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drege! Attercliff, Sanderson,
293! 395! Nototi River, Gerrard, 2! Inanda, Wovd, 806! near Tugela River,
800 ft., Wood, 3974! and without precise locality, Plant, 8! Var. 8: Transkei;
between Gekau (Gcua) River aud Bashee River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4305!
foor near Mooi River, Wood, 3460! near Camperdown, 3000 ft., Wood,
Greyling,
19. I. gerrardiana (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 21); annual;
stems slender, wide-climbing, clothed with spreading deflexed hairs ;
leaves roundish, cuspidate, entire, deeply cordate at the base, 2-3 in.
long and broad, membranous, green and glabrous on both sides when
mature, slightly pubescent when young; petiole thinly pilose,
nearly as long as the blade; cymes copious, subumbellate, 3-6-
flowered ; peduncles }~3 in. Jong ; bracts minute, eaducous; pedicels
about as long as the calyx; calyx 4} lin. long, densely pilose in
the lower half; sepals leafy, subequal, lanceolate, acute; corolla
whitish, broadly funnel-shaped, about 1 in. long, glabrous on the
outside ; capsule glabrous, shorter than the calyx ; seeds glabrous.
HasteRN Reeion: Natal; Ladysmith, Gerrard, 620!
20. I. angustifolia (Jacq. Coll. ii. 367; Ic. t. 317); stems
slender, wiry, rambling or twining, glabrous or finely pubescent
te Cy ee Tee na re eee eT
Ipomeea.] _ convouvutacem (Baker & Wright). 55
when young; leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 13-21 in. long,
1-3 lin, wide, acuminate, hastate or auricled and toothed at the
base, sessile or shortly petioled ; peduncles axillary, usually shorter
than the leaves, 1-2-flowered; bracts small, subulate ; pedicels
short, thickened upwards ; sepals subequal, 3 lin. long, ovate-lanceo-
late and acute, or oblong with a distinct eusp, glabrous; corolla
white or pale yellow with a purple centre, funnel-shaped-campanu-
late; capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam.; seeds black,
glabrous. Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 159; Benth. Fl.
Austr. iv. 425; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 205. I. filicaulis,
Blume, Bijdr. 721; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 353; Bot. Mag. t.
5426; Hovk. Niger Fl. 466. I. denticulata, R. Br. Prodr. 485;
Bot. Reg. t. 317, not of Choisy. Convolvulus denticulatus, Spreng.
Syst. Veg. i. 603. O. filiformis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 16, ed.
Schult. 168. C. angustifolius, Desrouss. in Lam. Encyel. iii. 547.
Merremia angustifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 117, inel.
var. ambigua. M. hastata, Hallier f. l.c.
Var. B, retusa (Baker); leaves oblong, broader than in the type, retuse,
minutely cuspidate, I. retusa, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 156. Merremia retusa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 117.
Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; Wolve Kop, Burke! Bechuana-
land; near the source of Kuruman River, Burchell, 2153! between Hamapery
und Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2530! Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke ! Zeyher,
1215! Marico District, Holub! South African Gold-fields, Baines! Pilgrims
cae Greenstock ! Jeppestown Ridges, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,
158!
Eastern Rreron: Natal; near Durban, Drége! Wood, 23! McKen, 832!
Inanda, Wood, 490! 1079! by the River Umlazi, Krauss, 108! and without
precise locality, Grant! Gueinzius! Gerrard! 531! 1333! Delagoa Bay,
forbes! Var, B: Natal; sandy flats near the mouth of Umzimkulu River,
Drége! and without precise locality, Peddie!
21. I. bowieana (Baker); perennial; stem slender, twining,
terete, rigid, glabrous; leaves sessile, linear, 1-1} in, long, 1}-2 lin.
broad, mucronulate, thick, stiffish, pubescent on the upper surface,
glabrescent beneath; flowers usually solitary; peduncle 1—2 in.
long; pedicel 4-6 lin. long; bracts linear-lanceolate; sepals about
6 lin. long, elliptic to broadly obovate, rusty-pubescent on the baek,
the two outer Jarger than the three inner; corolla funnel-shaped,
1 in. long, rusty-pilose outside : filaments narrowed upwards ; style
above 6 lin. long; ovary glabrous. Merremia bowieana, Rendle in
Journ. Bot. 1901, 63.
Coast Reeion: Roadsides in the districts of Swellendam and George,
Bowie !
22. I. bellecomans (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 15) ; suffru-
ticose, ashy pilose ; branches patent 3 leaves ovate, obtuse, sometimes
truncate at the base, 6 lin. long, 3 lin. wide, densely ashy pilose on
both surfaces ; petiole very short ; peduncle axillary, longer than the
leaves, 1-flowered; bracts remote from the calyx, ovate; outer
sepals 6 lin. long, 21 lin. wide, ovate, acute, inner narrower, acumi-
56 convotvoLacex (Baker & Wright). = [TIpomeea.
nate from a lanceolate base; corolla twice as long as the calyx,
funnel-shaped, rosy-purple ? pilose on the parts outside in bud.
Kananari Recion: Transvaal; Aapies River, Burke, 347! Zeyher, 1213!
23. I. crassipes (Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4068) ; a climber, softly
hairy in all its parts; stems terete, wiry; leaves lanceolate, oblong-
lanceolate or ovate, acute, 1-3 in. long, 3-12 lin. wide ; petiole up
to 5 lin. long; flowers usually solitary ; pedunele 1 (rarely up to 4)
in. long; bracts usually remote from the calyx; sepals unequal,
ovate or lanceolate, 8 lin. long, 3 lin. wide ; corolla funnel-shaped,
2 in. in diam., purple above and paler below outside or yellow above
and purple at the base ; stamens half as long as the corolla; capsule
globose, glabrous. Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii, 44 partly,
inel. var. genuina,; Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 14. J. calys-
tegioides, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 145,
153; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 127, parily. Aniseia
calystegioides, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 431, partly.
Var. B, longepedunculata (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii, 45); whole
plant (except the corolla) densely clothed with long soft hairs; leaves ovate-
oblong, acute or obtuse, up to 2 by 14 in.; peduncle longer than the leaves;
bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 6-8 lin. long. Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901,
16, and 1902, 190.
Var. y, thunbergioides (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 47); branches
almost herbaceous, terete, slender, prostrate P; leaves ovate or sometimes reni-
form, about 1 in. long, obtuse; peduncle shorter than the leaves, 1-flowered ;
bracts remote from the calyx, linear, ovate, or almost reniform ; sepals ovate,
acute or obtuse, 7 lin. long ; corolla 15 lin. long, 15 lin. in diam., purple or some-
times yellow or whitish in the upper part. J. crassipes, var. ovata, subvars.
transvaulensis and natalensis, and forma brevipes, Hallier f. l.c. 48. I. oblon-
gata, var. auriculata, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 246.
Var. 6, strigosa (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, vii. 44); suffruticose,
densely hoary strigose all over; stems terete, robust, prostrate ; leaves ovate,
_rather acute, 9 lin. long, 4 lin, wide, truncate at the base; peduncle as Jong as
the leaves, robust, straight, 1-flowered; bracts remote from the calyx, small,
narrowly ovate-lanceolate; pedicels 3-7 lin. long; corolla 14 ln. long, limb
rosy-purple.
Var. e, volubilis (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 48); branches almost
herbaceous, much elongated, terete, filiform, twining; leaves ovate- or linear-
lanceolate, 14-23 in. long, 4-9 lin. wide; peduncle usually shorter than the
pectic ceed arent bracts fisd to the calyx or more or less remote,
in. long; outer sepals ovate-lanceolate, conspicuousl i ;
14-19 lin. long, pink with a dark centre. : 2 ee
Var. ¢, grandifolia (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 49); branches almost
herbaceous, elongate, terete, filiform, prostrate (or ascending ?); leaves ovate,
obtuse or emarginate, truncate or subcordate at the base, 13-24 in. long 9-24 (?)
lin. wide, dull green, with sparse pubescence but finally glabrous above pale
glaucous green marked with darker green pubescent nerves beneath : peduncles
shorter than the leaves, 1-flowered; bracts near to the calyx ; outer sepals
broadly cordate-ovate, aente, 7 \in. long, 4 lin. wide; corolla about 1 in. long
deep purple. :
Coast REGION: Queenstown Div.; plains near Queenstown, 3500-3600 ft
Galpin, 1700! Vur. y: Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 35 ; ’ British
Kaffraria, Cooper, 2781! s a So, Sa. Pe
Karanari Reeton: Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke,
177! t
1212! Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehimann, ri an ot
4539! Saddleback Range, |
EN ert eT ne
Ipomeea. | CONVOLVULACE® (Baker & Wright). 57
near Barberton, 3000-4000 ft., Galpin, 781! Var. 8: Orange River Colony,
Cooper, 2776! Bolus, 8218! Transvaal; between Middleburg and Crocodile
River, Wilms, 998! High Veld, Adlam, 2! Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Reh-
mann, 4135! near Johannesburg, Ommaney, 36! Rand, 1118! Jeppestown
Ridges, 1000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6237! Var. y: Transvaal; near
Lydenburg, Wilms, 999! 1000! near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 851; Var. 8:
Transvaal ; Boschveld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5255! Var. ¢: Transvaal; Hout.
bosch, Rehmann, 5934 !
EasTERN ReEGIon: Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee
River, Drége! Natal; between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2155!
Clairmont,-near Durban, 150 ft., Wood, 3844! Inanda, Wood, 4296! near Bothas
Hill, 2000 ft., Wood, 4568! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 557! 1329
partly! Mrs. Saunders! Var. 8: Natal; near Charlestown, Wood, 5239! near
Mooi River, Wood, 3460! near Van Reenens Pass, 5000-S000 ft., Wood, 4524!
Zululand plains, Gerrard, 1830! Var.y: Griqualand East; near Kokstad,
Tyson, 1892! and in MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm. Afr.-Aust., 577! Natal;
Zaai Lager, near Estcourt, Wood, 3461! Upper Umlazi River, Wood, 1830!
near Newcastle, Wood, 6212! Wilms, 2151! and withont precise locality,
Gerrard, 1829 partly! Cooper, 2772! Var. ¢: Natal; Pinetown, Junod, 169!
Northdene, 500 ft., Wood, 5352! and without precise locality, Gueinzius !
24. I. sarmentacea (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 15) ; an under-
shrub, with prostrate flexuose branches which, like the leaves and
sepals, are thinly hispid; leaves shortly petioled, ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 1-2 in. long, truncate or subcordate at the base; peduncles
1-flowered, about 6 lin. long; bracts small, linear-lanceolate, a little
distance from the calyx; sepals 6 lin. long; outer ovate, acute,
dilated at the base, inner linear ; corolla tubular-funnel-shaped, 1 in.
long, apparently purple ; tube 10 lin. long, 3 lin. in diam, ; mouth
14 lin. in diam.
KataHart Recion: Transvaal; Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !
25. I. sublucens (Rendle in Journ, Bot. 1901, 17); shrubby
perennial ; stems trailing, zigzag, coated, like the leaves and calyx,
with persistent whitish silky tomentum; leaves oblong or elliptic-
ovate, entire, firm in texture, 1-2 in. long, obtuse or subacute,
shallowly cordate at the base, persistently matted with silky
tomentum on both sides; petiole very short ; peduncles short, 1-2-
flowered ; bracts ascending, lanceolate, clasping the calyx, nearly as
long as the sepals; calyx 3 in. long, silky ; sepals equal, lanceolate,
acute ; corolla purple, 2 in. long, broadly funnel-shaped, silky down
the back of the divisions; capsule unknown.
Katanart Recron: Bechuanaland; at Hamapery near Kuruman, Burchell,
2448!
Eastern Region: Natal, Miss Owen!
26. I. oblongata (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 46, 142); perennial twiner; stems slender, angular, densely
clothed with spreading hairs; leaves ovate, entire, moderately firm
in texture, acute or obtuse with a cusp, rounded or obscurely cordate
at the base, 1-3 in. long, thinly pubescent on both sides when
mature; peduncles short, hairy, 1-2 flowered ; bracts large, linear
or lanceolate, bristly, contiguous to the calyx ; calyx 6-9 lin. long,
58 convotvuLace® (Baker & Wright). — [Ipomwa.
thinly pilose ; sepals equal, lanceolate, acute, moderately firm in
texture ; corolla bright purple, broadly funnel-shaped, 2-2} in. long,
‘glabrous on the outside ; capsule glabrous, coriaceous, 4-6 lin. in
diam. ; seeds glabrous. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 368 ; Hallier f. in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 127. :
Var. 8, hirsuta (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 16); leaves and sepals firmer in
texture, the former persistently clothed on both sides with dense adpressed bristly
hairs,
Coast Recion: Alexandria Div.; Quagga Flats, Bowie, 115! King
Williamstown Div.; near Briedbach, Murray, 82! Queenstown Div. ; Tambuki-
land, Zeyher ! near Shiloh, 3500 ft., Drege! Baur, 853!
CrenTRAL Reaion: Albert Div.; Braam Berg, Cooper, 1355!
KabaHari Reeron: Griqualand West; Kimberley, Marloth, 778! Orange
River Colony; Riet Fontein, Rehmann, 3695; Transvaal ; Wonderboom Poort
near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4540! Var. 8: Orange River Colony ; Caledon River,
Burke! Vransvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5936! Magalies Berg, Burke, 179!
Zeyher, 1203!
Eastern Region: Natal; hill near Little Tugela River, Wood, 3466! Var. B:
Natal; Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2152!
27. I. contorta (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 350); stems slender,
prostrate, rough with short bristly hairs ; leaves ovate or oblong-
ovate, entire, acute, subcoriaceous, more or less crisped, 1-1} in.
long, rounded or obscurely cordate at the base, thinly clothed with
adpressed bristly hairs, especially on the under surface ; petiole
very short; peduncles 1-flowered, often longer than the leaves ;
bracts small, linear or lanceolate, contiguous to the calyx: calyx
3-4 lin. long, thinly bristly ; sepals equal, lanceolate, acute ; corolla
11-2 in. Jong, purple, broadly funnel-shaped, glabrous on the out-
side; capsule unknown. J. erispa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.
143. J. sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 139. Con-
volvulus crispus, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 168.
Souta Arrica: without locality, Mund! Zeyher, 1211! Thunderg!
Coast Reaion: Alexandria Div.; Zwart Hoogte, Burke! Albany Div.;
sir Assegai Bosch and Botram, Drege, 7832! Fort Beaufort Div.; Cooper,
28. I. xiphosepala (Baker); tufted annual; stems slender,
twining or trailing, 1-2 ft. long, at first densely, when mature finely
and shortly pubescent; leaves lanceolate, acute, 1-11 in. long,
auricled and cuneate at the base, slightly pubescent ; petiole very
short ; peduncles always 1-flowered, ebracteate, 1-1 in. long ; calyx
z in. long, shortly pubescent ; sepals linear, acuminate, equal, firm
in texture, 5 lin. long, increasing to 7 lin. in fruit ; corolla purplish,
nearly cylindrical, 5 lin. long ; anthers very small; ovary 2-celled ;
aan 2-ovuled ; capsule hirsute, not more than half as long as the
calyx.
Katanari Reaion: Transvaal; Mooi River, Burke?
29. I. gracilisepala (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 12); perennial ;
branches long, prostrate, shortly hairy ; leaves shortly petioled, hastate,
Ipomeea. | CONVOLVULACEH (Baker & Wright). 59
1} in. long, 6-8 lin. broad, dark green, glabrous and dotted on the
upper surface, sparsely pilose heneath, basal auricles slightly lobed ;
flowers 1-2, shortly stalked; bracts linear-laneeolate, acute, pilose,
3-4 lin. long; sepals equal, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin.
long, shortly hairy on the back and edges; corolla scarcely longer
than the calyx, apparently tubular-campanulate and yellowish;
fil:ments 13-1} lin. long; fruit globose, 4 lin. in diam. ; seeds
2-21 lin. long, clothed with adpressed grey hairs,
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1224!
30. I. albivenia (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 372); shrubby
perennial climber; young stems thinly coated with cottony tomentum,
the old ones glabrous; leaves roundish, deeply cordate at the base,
cuspidate, entire, 3-4 in. long and broad, moderately firm in texture,
quite glabrous and green on both sides when mature, when young
marked beneath with a lattice-work of thick white tomentum on the
main veins and their principal connecting arches; petiole nearly as
long as the blade; peduncles very short, 1-flowered; bracts minute,
deciduous ; calyx 6 lin. long, clothed at first with white tomentum ;
sepals round-oblong, obtuse, chartaceous, much imbricate; corolla
white with a purple tube, or all white, 23-3 in. long, glabrous
externally, spreading at the throat; eapsule glabrous, coriaceous,
9 lin. in diam. ; seeds very woolly. Chuisy in DC. Prod. ix. 379;
Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 151. I. Gerrardi, Hook. f. in Bot.
Mag. t. 5651; Hallier f. lc. xviii. 151, and xxviii. 51 tn obs.
Convolvulus albivenius, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1116.
KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; near Barberton, 2500-3000 ft., Galpin, 807!
Thorneroft, 138 (Wood, 4286)! Boschveld, between Elands River and Klippan,
Rehmann, 5071! Komati Poort, Kirk, 92!
Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Mooi River, Gerrard, 1326! Delagoa Bay,
Mrs. Monteiro!
31. I. purpurea (Roth, Cat. i. 36) ; annual; stems slender, wide
twining, beset with short reflexed hairs; leaves cordate-ovate, usually
entire, cuspidate, membranous, pubescent, especially on the under
surface, distinctly petioled ; peduncles 1—8-flowered, often longer
than the leaves; pedicels very short; bracts small, linear; calyx
6-9 lin. long, densely pilose especially towards the base; sepals
leafy, lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla 2—2} in. long, glabrous outside,
funnel-shaped, dilated in the upper half, reddish-purple, violet or
white ; eapsule globose, 3-celled, glabrous, much shorter than the
calyx; seeds naked. Hallier f. in Enyl. Jahrb. XViii. 137. L
congesta, R. Br. Prodr. 485 ; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. 417 ; Hallier f.
le. I. punetata, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 153, 158. Convolvulus purpureus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 219 ;
Bot. Mag. tt. 113, 1005 (var. elatior ), 1682 (var. varius). Pharbitis
hispida, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 341.
Katanari Region: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 980!
Eastern Recion: Natal; Umlazi River Heights, below 500 ft., Drege!
around Durban Bay, Krauss, 297! Sydenham, near Durban, Wood, 4018! Rooi
Seen ad
60 convoLvutacez (Baker & Wright). [Ipomeea.
Koppies, near Durban, Wood, 4534! and without precise locality, Mrs. Saunders !
Peddie!
Also in Central and South America and Australia.
32. I. convolvuloides (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 140);
stems very slender, trailing or twining, densely clothed, as are the
leaves, with moderately firm short spreading glittering white or pale
yellow hairs; leaves round or round-deltoid, entire, deeply cordate
at the base, obtuse or subobtuse, thick and moderately firm in
texture, 6-9 lin. long and broad, densely and persistently pilose ;
petiole very short ; peduncles slender, 1—2-flowered, shorter than the
leaves ; bracts lanceolate, very minute ; calyx glabrous, 3—4 lin. long;
sepals subequal, lanceolate, acute, pallid and membranous on the
margins; corolla bright purple, glabrous, broadly funnel-shaped, 1 in.
long ; capsule unknown.
KALAHARI ReGIon: Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1216!
33. I. undulata (Baker); shrubby perennial; stems trailing,
very zigzag, coated, like the leaves and calyx, with persistent whitish
silky tomentum; leaves round-ovate, entire, subcoriaceous, 1-12 in.
long, subacute, shallowly cordate at the base; petiole very short;
peduncles short, 1-flowered ; bracts ascending, lanceolate, tomentose,
adpressed to the calyx, nearly as long as the sepals; calyx 7 lin.
long, persistently tomentose ; sepals subequal, ovate-lanceolate, acute ;
corolla purple, 13 in. long, broadly funnel-shaped, silky down the
back of the divisions; capsule unknown.
Coast Region: Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Burke /
34. I. Woodii (N. E. Br.in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 101) ; a climber;
rootstock tuberous; stems slender, woody, 10-20 ft. long, densely
pubescent upwards; leaves distinctly petioled, cordate-ovate or
cordate-orbicular, 2-6 in. long and broad, obtuse or minutely
mucronate at the apex, entire, pubescent and dull purplish beneath
in a young state, green and finally glabrous on both surfaces ; flowers
solitary, axillary, distinctly peduncled ; sepals 4 lin. long, subequal,
obovate, obtuse, glabrous, much imbricate; corolla rosy pink, glab-
rous, 3 in. long, broadly funnel-shaped, shallowly lobed ; stamens
much shorter than the style ; style 2 the length of the corolla ; fruit
praia Stictocardia Woodii, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi.
548,
EasTEBN Reeion: Zululand, Wood, 4146! 4864!
35. I. saundersiana (Baker); stems glabrous; petiole long, gla- —
brous ; leaves suborbicular, cuspidate, deeply cordate, 8—9 in. in diam.,
thin, green, pubescent on the veins beneath; main veins running
from the midrib to the margin; cymes axillary, few-flowered ;
pedicels pubescent ; sepals ovate, obtuse with a minute cusp, about
1 in. long, glabrescent ; corolla funnel-shaped, white, searcely lobed,
3 in. long, 3 in. in diam.; capsule very large, globose, glabrous ;
seeds subglobose, glabrous, 4 lin. in diam., black, puberulous.
Ipomeea.] convOLVULACER (Baker & Wright). 61
EastERN ReEcion: Natal; a specimen cultivated in Durban Botanical
Gardens, raised from seeds received from Mrs, Catherine Saunders, Wood,
1635 !
This is the only South African species belonging to the section Operculina,
which was established as a genus by Manso and retained by Meissner and Hallier,
on account of the anthers being spirally twisted and the capsule having a lid
which falls off when ripe.
36. I. lambtoniana (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 16); stems
firm, slender, twining or trailing, thinly clothed with short bristly
hairs; leaves ovate, acute, entire, deeply cordate at the base, 11~2 in.
long, firm in texture, green and glabrous above when mature, slightly
hispid only on the main veins beneath; veins and veinlets raised ;
petiole very short; peduncles always 1-flowered, shorter than the
leaves, articulated at the base; bracts minute, linear, a short
distance from the calyx; pedicel very short; calyx 6 lin. long,
thinly hispid all over; sepals lanceolate, acute, subequal, firm in
texture, 3 inner rather larger than the 2 outer; corolla bright purple,
broadly funnel-shaped, more than twice the length of the calyx ;
dilated at the throat, glabrous down the back of the divisions;
capsule unknown.
Eastern ReGion: Natal; near Ladysmith, Gerrard, 622!
37. I. bathycolpos (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 144); stems
slender, twining or trailing, scabrous with rough raised points;
leaves roundish, obtuse, with a minute cusp, entire, deeply cordate
at the base, 1-11 in. long and broad, subcoriaceous, glabrous on
both sides, basal sinus wide, lobes incurved; peduncles always
1-flowered, equalling or exceeding the leaves, scabrous ; bracts
minute, lanceolate ; pedicel very short ; calyx 6—9 lin. long, glabrous,
scabrous ; sepals oblong, obtuse, chartaeeous, much imbricate, the
outer often shorter than the others; corolla white, broadly funnel-
shaped, spreading at the throat, 2 in. long, glabrous down the back
of the divisions; capsule unknown. Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.
vii. 52; Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 191.
Var. 8, sinuatodentata (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 53); leaves
rotundate, up to 2 in. in diam., with large irregular teeth, basal sinus narrower
and lobes wider than in the type. j
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; by the Vaal River, ie Barber
and Mrs. Bowker, 661! Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton! Trans-
vaal; Aapies Poort, Rehmann, 4134, Wonderboom Poort, Rehmann, 086.
Makapans Berg at Stryd Poort, Rehmann, 5406 (all ex Hallierj.); Magalies
Berg, Burke, 175! Zeyher, 1218! Klip River, Nelson, 221! Jeppestown
Ridges, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6236! Var. 8: Transvaal; near
Lydenburg, Wilms, 988!
38. I. cardiosepala (Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 429) ;
stems very slender, wide-climbing, clothed at first with a few fine
spreading hairs; leaves ovate, acute, entire, deeply cordate at the
base, 2-3 in. long, membranous, green, and glabrous on both sides or
sparingly pilose beneath ; petiole nearly as long as the blade; cymes
62 CONVOLVULACEE (Baker & Wright). [ Ipomeea.
1-3-flowered ; peduncles shorter than the petioles ; bracts minute,
lanceolate ; pedicels about as long as the calyx; calyx glabrous or
slightly hairy, 3-4 lin. long; sepals leafy, unequal, accrescent, outer
cordate at the base; corolla a little longer than the calyx; capsule
globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam.; seeds glabrous. J. calycina, C. B.
Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 201; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb.
xviii. 129. J. blepharosepala, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.
72. Aniseia calycina, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 429. Convolvulus
calycinus, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 13, and Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, ii. 51.
Eastern Recion: Natal; in Kaffir rice-fields at Inanda, Wood, 1258! and
without precise lucality, Gerrard, 555! Gueinzius !
Also in Tropical Africa and India.
39. I. geminiflora (Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 590); an annual
herb, branched from the base; branches long virgate, prostrate or
scarcely climbing, sparsely puberulous, reddish hirsute at the apex;
leaves cordate-ovate, 14-2 in. long, 9-24 lin. wide at the base,
glaucous, searcely puberulous beneath ; petiole usually much longer
than the blade ; peduncles geminate, axillary, 6—9 lin. long, deflexed
in fruit, with two small subulate bracts at the base; sepals ovate,
acuminate, red-glandular on the back, hispid on the margins ;
corolla sulphur-yellow, scarcely longer than the calyx; filaments
inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, naked; anthers nearly
triangular; ovary elliptic-conie, surrounded at the base by a tall
annular disk; style rather short; capsule thin, glabrous, seated
upon the hispid verrucose calyx ; seeds nearly 2 lin. long, dull grey,
shortly tomentose. Britten in Journ. Bot. 1894, 86; Rendle in
Journ. Bot. 1894, 174; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 731. TI.
cynanchifolia, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 538, partly, not of
C. B. Clarke.
Eastern Recion : Natal; Verulam, Rehmann, 9065, Oakfort (Oakford ?) on
the Umhloti Kiver, Rehmann, 8499, and without precise locality, Gueinzius (all
ex Hallier f.).
Also in Tropical Africa,
40. I. obscura (Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 239); stems slender, twining
widely, glabrous, as are the leaves and sepals; leaves ovate, acute,
entire, deeply cordate at the base, 1-2 in. long, thin, green on both
surfaces, sometimes ciliate ; petiole about as long as the blade;
peduncle short, 1-3-flowered; bracts very small, linear; pedicels
thickened ; calyx 3 lin. long ; sepals oblong, acute, subequal, much
imbricate, minutely verrucose ; corolla white, openly funnel-shaped,
15-2 lin, long, glabrous and tinged with green outside; capsule
glabrous, 4 lin. in diam.; seeds black, glabrous. Choisy in
DC. Prod. ix. 370; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 140;
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 191. I. fragilis, Choisy in DC. Prod.
ix. 372; Rendle l.c.1901, 56. I. tenwis, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei
Planzengeogr. Documente, 139, 144, 156, 159; Hallier f. in Engl.
Jahrb. xviii. 140, partly. , , 3 Hallier f. in Ling
wa ae
Ipomeea. | CONVOLVULACER (Baker & Wright): 63
Var. 8, longipes (C. H. Wright); leaves strigose on both surfaces when
young, at length glabrescent above. J. longipes, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 246.
SourH Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1230!
Coast Reaion: Fort Beaufort Div. ; Kat River Poort, Drage !
Katawart Reeion: Bechuanaland; on Maadji Mountain, Burchell, 2362!
Griqualand West; Great Boetsap, Marloth, 981! Orange River Colony; Vet
River, Burke ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2767! Var. 8: Transvaal ;
Magalies Berg, Burke, 118 partly! Zeyher, 1217! Yster Spruit, Nelson, 253!
Waterval River, Wilms, 987! Jeppestown Ridges, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb.
Galpin, 6052! 6154!
Eastern Region: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 943! near Darban, Wood, 3851!
and without precise locality, Wood, 3095! Gerrard, 773! Var. B: Natal;
Inanda, Wood, 418! 1424!
Also in Tropical Africa and Asia.
41. I. Papilio (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb, Boiss. vi. 543) ; stems
long, slender, trailing, glabrous; leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate,
z-li in. long, deeply and irregularly toothed in the lower half,
green and glabrous on both surfaces; petiole up to 1 in. long ;
peduncles short, axillary, 1-2-flowered; bracts minute, ovate;
pedicels short, thick; sepals unequal, ovate or oblong, obtuse,
3-4 lin. long, green, glabrous; corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 1 in.
long, pink, scareely lobed; stamens half the length of the corolla;
capsule globose, 4 in, in diam.; seeds trigonous, ashy pulverulent.
Katanart Reeron: Transvaal; hill-sides around Barberton, 2800-3000 ft.,
Galpin, 624! Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1225! Aapies Poort, near
Pretoria, Rehmann, 4133! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !
Also in Tropical A frica.
42. I. petunioides (Baker); annual; stems very short, trailing,
slender, densely clothed with short rusty bristly hairs ; leaves ovate
or oblong, puberulous, ciliate on the margins and principal nerves of
the under surface, green on both surfaces, under 1 in. long, acute
or obtuse, cuneate at the base, repando-pinnatifid, not auricled ;
petiole bristly, about half as long as the blade; peduncles short,
1-flowered ; bracts linear, as long as the sepals, placed a short
distance below the calyx; calyx 3-4 lin. long; sepals leafy, lanceo-
late, acute; corolla purplish, broadly funnel-shaped, 1} in. long,
glabrous on the outside ; stamens + as long as the corolla; capsule
unknown,
Katanart Recion: Transvaal; near Schoon River, Burke!
43. I. Wightii (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. vi. (1833)
470) ; serge 4 slender, terete, densely clothed with
soft deflexed spreading hairs ; leaves membranous, about as broad as
long (3-4 in.), roundish, deeply cordate, with 3 shallow subequal
rounded lobes, green and thinly bristly above, thinly coated with
persistent white tomentum beneath; petiole longer than the blade ;
peduncle shorter than the petiole ; flowers few, capitate ; bracts
linear; calyx very shaggy, 3 in. long; sepals lanceolate, leafy, acute
or acuminate ; corolla narrowly campanulate, about 1 in. long, rose-
colour; capsule pubescent, membranous, nearly as long as the calyx.
64 CONVOLVULACEE (Baker & Wright). | Ipomeea.
Convolv. Orient. 88, and DC. Prod. ix. 364; Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1364;
Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb., Bot. 239 ; C. B. Clarke in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind, iv. 203; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 133, and
xxviii. 32. JI. arachnoidea, Bojer, Hort. Maur. 228, name only ;
Choisy in DO. Prod. ix. 364; Hallier f. lc. Convolvulus Wightii,
Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. ii. 55, t. 171. C. gossypinus, Wall. Cat.
1407.
Katanart Region: Transvaal; overgrowing shrubs in wooded ravines near
Barberton, 3000-4000 ft., Galpin, 953! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5933 (ex
Hatlier f.).
rp Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1310! Pinetown, Rehmann, 7986
(ex Hallier) and without precise locality, Cooper, 2780! Mrs. K. Saunders!
-G@ueinzius (ex Hallier f.); Zululand, Gerrard, 402! Wood, 7899!
Also in Madagascar, and Tropical Africa and Asia,
44. I. ficifolia (Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 90; 1841, t. 13);
root tuberous; stem climbing, slightly shrubby, sparsely pilose ;
leaves 3-lobed, 13-2 in. long and broad, terminal lobe acute or
acuminate, lateral rounded, base cordate, upper surface with
numerous scattered adpressed hairs, lower densely white cobwebby
when young, less so when mature; petiole pilose; peduncle 3-5-
(rarely 1-) flowered; pedicels very short; bracts linear-lanceolate,
like the sepals densely hirsute; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, about
6 lin. long, uniform; corolla rich purple (Lindley), pink (Wood),
broadly funnel-shaped, 11-2 in. long, glabrous; capsule globose,
membranous, 2-celled, glabrous with seeds bearing a tuft of cottony
hairs on one side, or pilose with glabrous seeds. Hallier f. in Engl.
Jahrb. xviii. 135, xxviii. 35. I. holosericea, E. Meyer in Drege,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 132, 195, name only; Choisy im
DC. Prod, ix. 364. I, vitifolia, E. Meyer, l.c. 158, not of Sweet nor
Lam. I. angulata, E. Meyer, l.e. 184,195. TI. arachnoidea, Choisy,
l.c., partly, not of Bojer. I. Aitoni, Choisy, l.c. 363, not of Lindl.
Convolvulus trilobus, Thunb. Prodr. 35 ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 169;
Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 415.
Coast Reaion : Humansdorp Diy. ; near Zeekoe River, Thunberg ! Uitenhage
Div.; Addo, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! between Enon and the Zuurberg Ranges
Drége! Klein Winterhoek Mountains, below 1000 ft., Drége! in woods near
Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 90! Bathurst Div.; near the mouth of the Fish River,
Burchell, 3727! sand-dunes near Kowie River, MacOwan, 407! Albany Div.,
Cooper, 2773! King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton!
EastEerN Region : Pondoland ; near Port St. John, Galpin, 2334! between
Umtentu River and Umziwkulu River, Drége! Natal; Umlazi River Heights,
Drége! near Durban, Wood, 494! 3091! Nonoti, Gerrard, 1328! Inanda,
Wood, 87! and without precise locality, Grant ! Cooper, 2416! Gerrard, 402!
vs 45. I. digitata (Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. 924); perennial, glabrous
_/ im all its parts; stems stout, wide-climbing; leaves as broad a$
long (4-6 in.), distinctly cordate, with 8-5 deltoid palmate lobes
reaching } or } way down to the middle; petiole as long as OF
longer than the blade; peduncles often longer than the leaves,
bearing few or many eymose flowers; bracts small, deciduous; calyx
Ipomea.| — cONvoLVuLAcEm (Baker & Wright), 65
4-6 lin. long; sepals oblong, chartaceous, obtuse, much imbrieate ;
corolla 2 in. long, reddish, glabrous on the outside, campanulate
above a cylindrical base, which is as long as the calyx ; ovary more
or less distinctly 4-celled ; capsule globose, 6 lin. in diam., 4-valved;
seeds embedded in a dense mass of cotton. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix.
389. I. paniculata, Rk. Br. Prod. 486; Bot. Reg. t. 62; var.
pauciflora, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 195 ;
Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 149. I. insignis, Andr. Bot. Rep. t.
636. Cunvolvulus paniculatus, Linn. “Sp. PI? ed. 2, 223. Batatas
paniculata, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 339.
Souta AFrica: without locality, Thunberg /
EASTERN Recion: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River,
Drége! near Durban Bay and by the Umlazi River, Krauss, 94! near
Tugela River, Gerrard, 837! 734! Zululand, Gerrard, 626! 1334! 1791!
Delagoa Bay, Speke, 4! Forbes! Scott!
Also throughout the warm regions of both hemispheres.
46. I. tetraptera (Baker) ; shrubby, wide-climbing, perennial,
glabrous in all its parts; main stem furnished with 4 broad
membranous wings; leaves as broad as long (4-6 in.), round-
cordate, membranous, green on both sides, palmately 5—7-lobed
down to the middle; lobes broad, roundish, cuspidate, contiguous,
much narrowed at the base; petiole rather shorter than the blade;
peduncles moderately long; flowers few, cymose; bracts minute,
linear; pedicels short, erect; calyx 4 lin. long; sepals obovate-
oblong, obtuse, much imbricate, chartaceous ; corolla broadly funnel-
shaped, yellow or white, 1 in. long, densely silky on the outside ;
capsule unknown.
Eastern Rreion: Natal; near Tugela River, in thorny bush, Gerrard,
1334! 1791la! Krans Kop, McKen, 1! Palmiet, near Durban, Wood, 7542! edge
of bush on bank of the Little Tugeta, Wood, 3500 !
47. I, magnusiana (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx.
272); herbaceous; stems slender, twining, thinly bristly; leaves
about as broad as long (3-1 in.), palmately 5-lobed nearly or quite to
the base, green and hispid on the upper surface, matted with
persistent white tomentum beneath, through which the brown veins
are distinetly visible; lobes oblong, acute ; petiole about as long as
the blade ; peduncles short, 1-flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts
small, linear; calyx 3 lin. long, thinly bristly; sepals unequal,
lanceolate, acute, membranous ; corolla 6 lin. long, funnel-shaped,
campanulate, pilose on the outside ; capsule glabrous, 3 lin, in diam, ;
seeds pubescent. Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 135.
Katauarrt Reoton: Bechuanaland; near the ruins at Kuruman, Burchell,
!
Also in Tropical Africa.
48. I. malveefolia (Baker) ; stems very slender, trailing, shortly
pubescent, as are the leaves and calyx; leaves deltoid, about 1 in.
VOL, 1V,—SECT. II, F
ee convoLvuLaces (Baker & Wright). — [[pomea.
broad, palmately 5-lobed beyond the middle, brown tomentioas
beneath ; lobes obovate-cuneate, contiguous, obtuse, cuspidate ;
petiole much shorter than the blade; peduncles. slender, assurgent,
always 1-flowered, 2-4 in. long; bracts minute, linear, remote from
the flower ; calyx 4-6 lin. long; sepals chartaceous, oblong, obtuse,
much imbricate, the outer hispid; corolla widely funnel-shaped,
pale yellow, 13-12 in. long, silky down the back of the divisions i
pollen ellipsoid, granular with 3 longitudinal smooth areas ;
capsule unknown, Merremia malvefolia, Rendle in-Journ. Bot.
1901, 63.
Coast Reoion: Albany Div.; on the flats or damp places, Miss Bowker!
Bathurst Div. ; Kowie sand-hills, MacOwan, 403!
CrenTRAL Rea@ion: Somerset Diy., Bowker!
49. I. quinquefolia (Hochst. ex Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.
147); a small annual glabrous herb; branches short, procumbent or
erect; leaves palmately 5-9-lobed ; lobes varying on the same plant
from linear to oblong, and from 7-14 lin. long; petiole up to 1} In.
long; peduncle shorter than the petiole, 1-flowered, clavate ; sepals
ovate, acute, the outer 4 lin. long, the inner rather shorter, glabrous
or slightly puberulous; corolla about 6 lin. long, funnel-shaped,
yellow, glabrous ; lobes triangular, acute ; capsule glabrous, 4-valved.
Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 545,
Var. 8, pubescens (Baker); segments of the leaves from oblong to almost
orbicular; upper part of pedicel and calyx pubescent, :
_ Var. y, purpurea (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 546) ; a climber; branches
several yards long ; corolla purple.
KaLanart Recion: Orange River Colony; near Vaal River, Burke !
Transvaal ; near Mooi River, Burke, 413!-Var. 8: Hopetown Div.; near Hope-
town, Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 2051! 9285! Griqualand West; near Vaal River,
Mrs. Barber ! Orange River Colony; near Vaal River, Burke ! a
Eastern Re@ion: Natal; sandy flats near Mooi River, 3000-4000 ft., Wood,
4428 ! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1834!
Also in Tropical Africa,
50. I. palmata (Forsk. Fl. Migypt.-Arab. 43); perennial, glabrous
in all its parts; stems slender, wide-twining, the old ones often
tubercled or muricated ; leaves as long as broad (1-2 in.), membranous,
palmately cut down nearly to the base into 5-7 oblanceolate obtuse
minutely cuspidate lobes ; petiole about as long as the blade, often with |
a pair of laciniate stipules; pedunele short, usually 1-3-flowered ; bracts ,
very minute ; pedicels long, stiffly erect and thickened in the fruiting
stage ; calyx 2-3 lin, long ; sepals oblong, obtuse, chartaceous, much
imbricate ; corolla bright red, broadly funnel-shaped, 14-2 in. long,
glabrous on the outside ; capsule globose, as long as the calyx ; seeds —
pubescent and bordered with silky hairs. Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geoyr. Documente, 153; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 386; Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind, iv. 214. I. pulehella, and I. tuberculata, Choisy, l.c. I.
stipulacea, Jucq. Hort. Schanb. t. 199. I. cairica, Sweet, Hort.
Ipomea.] convotvutacea (Baker & Wright). 67
Brit. ed. ii. 370 ; Bot. Mag. t. 699; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb.
xviii. 148. Convolvulus cairicus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 222.
Coast Re@ion: Port Elizabeth Div.; by rivulets near the forests of Kraka-
kama, Zeyher, 467! 3344!
EAsteRN ReGIoN: Pondoland; near the mouth of Umtsikaba River, Drége !
Natal; near Durban, MeKen, 621! Inanda, Wood, 1295! by the Umiloti
Umgeni and Umlazi Kivers, Krauss, 363! and without precise locality,
Grant !
I. dasysperma, Jacq. f. Eclog. t. 89, Choisy, l.c., of which there is a South
African specimen at Kew, gathered by Villette, seems to be merely a yellow-
flowered variety of this species.
51. I. dissecta (Willd. Phyt. 5, t. 2, fig. 8); annual; stems very
slender, trailing, glabrous; leaves digitate, glabrous, 1-11 in. in
diam., with 5 deltoid pinnatifid lobes; petiole short; peduncle
shorter than the leaves, 1-3-flowered; bracts small, lanceolate;
sepals oblong, minutely cuspidate, glabrous, 2 lin. long; corolla
white, regularly funnel-shaped, twice as long as the calyx; capsule
globose, glabrous, 3-celled, 3 lin. in diam. ; seeds 6, glabrous,
Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 363, excl. syn. I. coptica, Roth ex Roem,
& Schult. Syst. iv. 208; Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 110; Choisy in DC.
Prod. ix. 884; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 147, and xxviii. 45,
Convolvulus copticus, Linn. Mant. 559.
Kabauari ReGion: Transvaal, Rehmann, 4930, 5225 (ex Hallier f.).
Also in the tropical parts of Africa, Asia, and Australia.
II. QUAMOCLIT, Tourn.
Calyx cup-shaped ; lobes 5, mucronate. Corolla salver-shaped ;
tube long. Stamens much exserted ; anthers short. Ovary 4-celled ;
cells 1-ovuled; style undivided: stigma capitate, 2-lobed.
Herbaceous climbers ; leaves entire, or palmately or pinnately lobed,
Disrais. Species about 10 in the tropics of both hemispheres,
1. Q. coccinea (Moench, Meth. 453); stem terete or obscurely
quadrangular, glabrous or slightly hairy at the nodes; leaves cordate,
entire or 3-lobed, about 2 in. long and broad ; peduncles about 6 in.
long, terminating in a lax cyme; calyx 2 lin. long; teeth subulate ;
corolla red; tube 1 in. long, slightly inflated above; limb abont
10 lin. in diam. ; lobes rotundate ; filaments slender, much exserted.
Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 385; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
iv. 199; Peter in Engl. &§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3A.27. Ipomea
coccinea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 228; Bot. Mag. t. 221; Andr. Bot.
Rep. t. 499; Meissn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vii. 218.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Villette! Thunberg!
Doubtless introduced.
Also in tropical Asia and America. 7 os
: The specimen in Thunberg’s herbarinm is named “ Convolvulus solanifolia,
¥F2
. convotvuLace& (Baker & Wright).
Ill. HEWITTIA, Wight & Am.
Sepals 5, free to the base, leafy, unequal, the two outer oblong-
rhomboid, acute, the three inner smaller. Corolla broadly funnel- —
shaped ; lobes very short. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the
corolla-tube. Ovary densely pilose, 4-ovuled, with a very incomplete
septum ; style filiform ; stigmas 2, ovate. Fruit a 4-valved, 1-celled —
capsule. Seeds glabrous.
Distris. A single species, spread through the Tropies of the Old World.
1. H. bicolor (Wight, Ic. t. 835); stems slender, wide-twining,
finely pubescent; leaves cordate-deltoid, entire or obseurely lobed,
2-4 in. long, usually acute, membranous, glabrous or pubescent, with
rounded basal lobes and a broad sinus; peduncles shorter (rarely
longer) than the leaves, 1—3-flowered; pedicels very short ; bracts
linear, oblong or lanceolate, a short distance from the calyx; calyx
4—6 lin. long; outer sepals broadly ovate, inner oblong, glabrous or
slightly pubescent ; corolla white or yellowish, with a purple throat,
pilose on the outside, 3~—] in. long; capsule pilose, 3—4 lin. in diam.
C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 216. H. sublobata, O.
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 441; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 11k
Shutereia bicolor, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 485; Fl. d. serr. t. 421.
Convolvulus bicolor, Vahl, Symb. iii. 25; Bot. Mag. t. 2205. C.
involucratus, Ker-Gawl. in Bot. Reg. t. 318, not of others. Ipomea
Saha ie E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, —
195.
Eastern Recion: Natal; near the Umlazi River, Drege! Krauss, 218!
Tnanda, Wood, 788! Clairmont, Wood, 3838! near Durban, Cooper, 2770! and
eee precise locality, Grant! Gueinzius, 199, 417 (ex Hallier f.), Delagoa
ay, Scott !
Also in Tropical Africa, India and Malaya,
IV. ASTROCHLANA, Hallier f.
Calyx deeply 5-lobed, hairy outside. Corolla funnel-shaped,
almost entire, central areas bounded by two conspicuous nerves.
Stamens about half as long as the corolla; anthers 2-lobed at the
base ; pollen spherical, with pores and spines scattered all over its
surface. Ovary subglobose, 2-celled, 4-ovuled ; style slender;
stigmas 2, linear-oblong, granular, Fruit capsular, Seeds clothed
with short or cobwebby hairs.
Herbs or subshrubs covered with soft stellate hairs; stem usually simple;
leaves petiolate, entire; flowers small or medium-sized, purple or whitish from 4
purple base. <
Disrxis, Species about 10, all Tropical African; 1 extending to South Africas
Astrochlxna.| ConvoLvuLace® (Baker & Wright). 69
1. A. malvacea (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 121) ; suffruticose ;
stem erect, 3-5 ft. high, clothed with whitish stellate tomentum,
terete ; leaves broadly ovate, acute, rounded at the base, up to 4 in,
long and 21 in, wide, entire, green and sparingly stellately hairy
above, densely white stellately tomentose beneath ; petiole slender,
up to 1 in. long ; peduncles axillary, 2—4-flowered, much shorter than
the leaves; bracts 1 lin. long, ovate, deciduous; calyx-lobes sub-
equal, ovate, acute, white-tomentose, 3 lin. long ; corulla purple,
glabrous, funnel-shaped, 1} in. long, 14 in, in diam., scarcely lobed ;
Stamens unequal ; anthers sagittate; ovary glabrous; style filiform;
capsule subglobose, 4 lin. in diam., glabrous. Breweria malvacea,
Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 245, t. 37. Convolvulus
malvaceus, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. i17.
Katanari Reaton: South African gold-fields, Baines /
EasteRN Reaton: Natal; near Durban and ‘Tongaat, Gerrard §° McKen,
695! near Durban, Wood, 4945! and without precise locality, Gueinzius, 363,
394 (ex Hullier f.). Delagon Bay, Forbes! Monteiro, 31! Bolus 4& MacOwan,
Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afy., 1325!
Also in Tropical Africa.
V. JACQUEMONTIA, Choisy.
Sepals 5, leafy, equal or unequal, free to the base. Corolla
campanulate ; lobes very short. Stamens inserted low down in the
corolla-tube. Ovary 2-celled, 4ovuled; style filiform, with 2
flattened ovate stigmas. Fruit a globose capsule.
Twining herbs; leaves entire, often cordate; flowers small, purple, blue or
white, cymose or capitate.
Distris. Species 30-40, all but the following are natives of Tropical
America,
1. J. capitata (G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 283) 3 annual herb ; stems
wide-twining, slender, clothed with fine brownish silky pubescence ;
leaves distinctly petioled, cordate-ovate, entire, acute or cuspidate ;
peduncles about as long as the leaves; flowers many in a globose
head, with two large leafy bracts and many smaller ones; calyx
3 lin. long, densely clothed with spreading brown silky hairs ;
sepals subequal, lanceolate, acute; corolla a little longer than the
calyx, purplish-white, glabrous; capsule the size of a pea, glabrous
inside. Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 95 ; Wood § Evans, Natal
Pl. t. 13. Convolvulus capitatus, Desrouss. in Lam. Encyel. ii. 554.
Ipomea capitata, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 365.
Eastern Recion: Natal; Umlaas (Umlazi) Native Location, Wood, 4573!
and without precise locality, Hewison !
Also in ‘Tropical Africa and the Mascarene Isles.
70 coNvoLVvoLAcEs (Baker & Wright).
VI. CONVOLVULOS, Linn.
Sepals 5, very various in shape, subequal, more or less imbricate.
Corolla broadly funnel-shaped; lobes very short. Stamens 5,
inserted low down in the corolla-tube. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules 2 in
each cell; style filiform; stigmas 2, cylindrical. Fruit a 2-celled
capsule.
Twining or erect herbs or undershrubs ; leaves usually hastate or cordate;
flewers solitary or cymose from the axils of the leaves, or peduncles with a pair
of bracts a short distance from each flower ; — usually pinkish-white and
smaller than in Jpomea.
DistRiB. Species about 160, cosmopolitan, cathy | in temperate and subtropical
regions.
peer 1. OrrHocavuLis. Stem erect or suberect,
Sepals obtuse, densely silky ... ae oes: .. (1) ocellatus.
Sepals acute, ‘glabrous . .» (2) Burmanni.
Section 2. STROPHOCAULIS. Stem twining « or trailing.
Stems short, prostrate, not twining:
Leaves linear, glabrous BS iss «. (3) liniformis.
Leaves cordate-oblong, villous ‘ah a» (4) inconspicuus,
Stems long, twining, more rarely prostrate :
Leaves long, linear, auricled :
Stems angular ; 3; peduncles usually 2-
flowered ... (5) hastatus,
Stems terete ; peduncles \-flowered :
Corolla shallowly lobed :
Calyx slightly hairy ... .. (6) sagittatus.
Calyx densely villous ... soe (7 ) filiformis.
Corolla deeply lobed win a bullerianus.
Stems terete: peduncles 2-6-flowered .. (8) ulosepalus.
Leaves not linear :
Leaves glabrous, lobed... Hi ... (9) dregeanus,
Leaves glabrous (or sometimes pubes-
cent beneath), entire:
Sepals oblong, acute, more or less
hairy ... (10) farinosus,
Sepals oblong, obtuse, glabrous --. (11) arvensis.
Sepals subspathulate, obtuse, glub-
rous or hairy fee ane ... (12) phyllosepalus.
Leaves hairy :
Corolla less than 1 in. in diam. ;
Leaves entire :
Corolla 5 lin. long ... (13) hirtellus,
Corolla 9 lin. long ... (14) Galpinii.
Leaves lobed :
Sepals narrowly lanceo-
inte... x vee ... (15) ornatus,
Sepals broad :
Corolla 9 lin. in diam.;
lobes rounded . (16) multifidus.
Corolla 5 lin. in diam. ;
lobes triangular,
acute = ... (17) bedeckerianus.
Corolla 1 in. or more in diam. :
Leaves undivided :
Calyx 9 lin. long; pedi-
cels 6 lin. long .., ... (18) calycinus,
Convolvulus | convotvuLacea& (Baker & Wright). 71
Calyx 6 lin. long; pedi-
cels very short ... (19) natalensis,
Leaves more or less lobed _... (21) capensis.
1. C. ocellatus (Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4065); stems shrubby,
slender, erect, much branched at the base, densely coated, like the
leaves and sepals, with pale brown or drab persistent silky tomentum,
3-1 ft. long; leaves linear, entire, acute, nearly sessile, 43—6 lin. long,
thick in texture, midrib very stout; peduncles ascending, always
1-flowered, very silky, longer or shorter than the leaves; bracts
minute, linear; calyx 3 lin. long; sepals oblong or ovate-oblong,
obtuse; corolla twice as long as the calyx, whitish, brown-silky
down the keel of the divisions; capsule as long as the calyx.
Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 404; Hallier f. in Engl, Jahrb, xviii.
102. oan
KaLanaRt RrGion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 119! Hills near
Mooi River, Zeyher, 1232! (1231 ex Hallier f.) Linokana and Matebe Valley,
Holub!
2. C. Burmanni (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 405) ; stems shrubby,
terete, subpubescent; leaves linear-lanceolate, subfalcate, narrowed
to the base, pubescent, sessile, 1-11 in. long; peduncles 1-flowered,
2-bracteate ; sepals lanceolate, acute, glabrous.
Sourn AFEICA: without locality. Described from a specimen in Burmann’s
herbarium, now in the Delessert herbarium.
3. C. liniformis (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 61); stems a few
inches long, very slender, trailing, branched only at or near the
base ; leaves glabrous, acute, nearly sessile, 4-7 lin. long, those of
the centre of the stem linear with a very minute basal auricle, those
near its base shorter, lanceolate; flowers 1-3 to a branch, solitary
on ascending peduncles, often longer than the leaves ; bracts linear,
1 lin. long ; calyx glabrous, 3 lin. long; sepals much imbricate,
obtuse, outer oblong, inner obovate ; corolla pinkish-white, 9 lin.
long, about 1 in. in diam. at the mouth.
Katanart Recron: Transvaal; Schoon River, Burke, 283! Zeyher,
1220!
rb. xviii. 106); stems
4. C.i i ier f. in Engl. Jah
C. inconspicuus (Hallier f. in coon baie: bee
trailing, clothed like the leaves and sepals with br
as long as the blade; leaves cordate-oblong, 6 lin. long, the ove
crenate, the upper pinnately lobed ; lobes acute, sparingly toothe j
peduncle 1-flowered, as long as the leaf ; bracts subulate, ems
pedicel thickened; sepals ovate, 3 lin. long, obtuse, subequal ;
corolla funnel-shaped, 9 lin. long, silky outside. C. bei it
Roem. § Schult., var., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 63,
174.
Western Recon: Little Namaqualand; Ezcls Kop, near Lily Fontein,
4000-5000 tt., Dréye !
near Port Elizabeth, Drége! Albany Div.; Zuurveld, Gill! Lower Albany,
i
72 CONVOLVULACER (Baker & Wright). [Convolvulus.
5. C. hastatus (Thunb. Prod. 35); stem slender, prostrate,
quadrangular, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes 10 ft. long (Bur-
chell) ; leaves hastate, acute, 15 lin. long, 3 lin. wide, glabrous above,
pubescent beneath ; basal lobes up to 3 lin. long, sometimes again
divided ; peduncle about 1} in. long, 2-flowered, pubescent ; bracts
lanceolate, 2 lin. long; pedicels 3 lin. long, pubescent; calyx 3 lin.
long, glabrous or obscurely pubescent ; sepals broadly ovate, mem-
branous at the edges; corolla about 10 lin. long, 1 in. in diam.,
slightly hairy outside the central areas, pale pink (Bowker), white
(Burchell) ; capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 169; Choisy in DC. Prod, ix. 407; Hallier f. in Engl.
Jahr. xviii. 105, inel. var. major.
Var. 8, satalensis (Baker) ; leaves linear-subulate, 4 lin. wide, auricles small ;
sepals oblong, about 1 lin. wide, more or less apiculate.
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !
Coast Rea@ion: Clanwilliam Div. ; in rocky soil about Clanwilliam, Zeipoldt,
321! Mossel Bay Div. ; near the Landing-place at Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6316!
Uitenhage Div. ; near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 239! Port Elizabeth Div. ;
Miss Boker! Bathurst Div. ; near Theopolis, Burchell, 4071! British Kaffrariu,
Mrs. Hutton!
CenTRAL ReGIon: Somerset Div.; Bowker! Richmond Div.; vicinity of
Styl Kloof, near Richmond, Drége, 7829B !
Katanart REGION: Transvanl; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 993! Var. B:
Transvaal, Mrs. Stainbank in Herb. Wood, 3650!
KastERN ReGIon: Var. 8, Natal; plains of Zululand, Gerrard, 1333!
This species has been much confused with ©. sagittetus, Thunb. I therefore
cite only those specimens which I have seen.—C. H. W.
6. C. sagittatus (Thunb. Prod. 35); stem herbaceous, slender,
terete, pubescent when young; leaves hastate or sagittate, up to
1 in. long, 1-3 lin. wide, entire or the basal Jobes slightly lobed,
glabrous or slightly hairy on the margins and underside of the
nerves ; petiole 1-2 lin. long, pubescent; pedunele 3-6 lin. long,
1-flowered ; bracts small, lanceolate ; calyx more or less hairy, 3 lin.
long; sepals broadly ovate, acute; corolla white, 6 lin. long, 6 lin.
in diam. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 168; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 145, 147; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 407; Hallier
J. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 103, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 533,
partly.
Var. 8, graminifolia (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, vi. 5314); leaves linear,
up to 16 lin. long and 1 lin. wide; petiole about 1 lin. long ; peduncle 14 in.
long; pedicel about 1 lin. long; sepals almost glabrous, ovate-lanceolate,
Sromieaia, recurved at the apex; corolla about 9 liv. long and 1 in. in diam.,
rose }
Var. y, linearifolia (Hallier f, 1.c.) ; leaves linear, up to 23 in. long, 1-2 lin.
wide, with 2 minute auricles at the base, acute; petiole 24 lin. long; peduncle
7 lin. Jong, rather thick ; pedicel as long as the peduncle; sepals ovate-lanceo-
late, thinly silky outside, glabrescent; corolla about 9 lin. long, silky on the
outside of the central areas.
Var. 5, latifolius (C. H. Wright) ; leaves sagittate, up to 1 in. long and 6 lin. |
wide; basal lobes about 2 lin. long; flowers solitary; peduncle 3-6 lin. long,
Convolvulus.] convotvuLace® (Baker & Wright). 73
pubescent; bracts oblanceolate ; pedicel shorter than the bracts; corolla 5 lin.
long, 6 lin. in diam., white ?
Coast ReGion: Karoo, Thunberg! Albany Div.; Grahamstown, MacOwan,
950! and without precise locality, Bowker! Queenstown Div., Cooper, 266!
British Kaffraria, Cooper, 133!
oe ReEGion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, 3800 ft., Bolus,
51! ’
KaLanart Recton: Transvaal, Sanderson! Var. y: Transvaal; Abbots
Hill, near Barberton, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1037! Var. 8: ‘Transvaal; near Lino-
kana, Holub, 1948! 1949! 1950! 1951!
Eastern Reeion: Transkei; banks of the Bashee River, below 1000 ft.,
Drége! between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége/
Natal; bank of the npper Tugela River, Wood, 3467! Var. 8B: Natal; Camper-
down, Rehmann, 7823 (ex Hallier f.). Var. y: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur,
350!
7. C. filiformis (Thunb. F]. Cap. ed. Schult. 168); stem her-
baceous, climbing, filiform, glabrous; leaves scattered, glabrous,
central lobe filiform or linear, up to 15 lin. long, basal lobes small ;
peduncle up to 18 lin. long, glabrous, bracts lanceolate; pedicels
3 lin. long, pubescent; calyx 4 lin. long, villous outside ; sepals:
broadly ovate, imbricate, apiculate ; corolla 15 lin. long and about
the same in diam., rose-colour (Burchell), with adpressed silky hairs
on the central areas.
SoutH AFrica: without locality, Thunherg !
Coast Rxeeion: Uniondale Div.; in Lange Kloof, between Roode Krans
River and Groot River, Burchell, 4972! Humansdorp Div.; Lange Kloof, near
Kromme River Heights, Bolus, 2405! Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops
River, Zeyher!
eee
8. C. ulosepalus (Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 103); stems
i many from one root, slender, simple or slightly branched, prostrate,
glabrous or slightly hirsute when young ; leaves hastate or sagittate,
1-3 in. long, 1-5 lin. wide, giabrous or pubescent ; basal lobes short,
entire or divided; petiole 2-6 lin. long; peduncle much longer
than the petiole, slender, 2—6-flowered ; bracts linear-lanceolate ;
pedicels 2 lin. long; outer sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent
outside, 21 lin. long, inner rotundate, obtuse, almost coriaceous
below, membranous, paler, glabrous and sometimes undulate above,
2 lin. long; corolla whitish, 4 lin, long and about 4 lin. in diam. ;
lobes acute ; capsule globose, 22 lin. in diam., glabrous. C. hastatus,
var. multifidus, Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 407. C. rhynchophyllus,
Baker ex Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 247, name only ; Hallier f.in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 104; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi, 534;
Peter in Engl. & Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. 3A. 36.
Once Reeion: Albany Div., Bowker Fm Beaufort Div., Cooper, 547!
ueenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 90:
CENTRAL REGION : Ceres Div. ‘ at Ongeluks River, Burchell, 1220! Beaufort
West Div.; between Beanfort West and Rhenoster Kop, Drége! Murraysburg
Div.; Murraysburg, 4000 ft., Tyson, 124! Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff
Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 252! Richmond Div.; Winterveld, between Newyears
Fontein and Hzels Fontein, Drége, 78294! Hopetown Div.; near Hopetown,
Shaw! Colesberg Div., neafColesberg, Shaw! Albert Diy. ? Mooi Plaats,
Drége ! Somerset Diy.; near Somerset East, Bowker, 160!
74 convoLVULACE® (Baker & Wright). [Ccnvolvulus.
Karanart Reeton: Griqualand West; Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 1658 !
between Witte Water and Riet Fontein, Burchell, 2007! Transvaal; near
Lydenburg, Wilms, 983 !
Eastern Rectun: Natal; Tagela, Gerrard, 1332! Weenen County, 3000-
£000 ft., Sutherland !
ae ee dregeanus (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 411); an annual;
stem prostrate, slender, quadrangular, glabrous or puberulous, 18 in.
long ; lower leaves ovate or almost orbicular, more or less cordate,
more or less lobed, up to 6 lin. long and 6 lin. broad, upper palmately
divided into 3-5 linear lobes of which the central is the longest,
glabrous; peduncles about 5 lin. long, 1-flowered; bracts small, —
lanceolate ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long, glabrous;
sepals obovate, obtuse, imbricate ; corolla nearly three times as long
as the calyx, about 6 Jin. in diam.; capsule globose, glabrous,
3 lin. in diam.; seeds seabrid. Hailier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.
105.
CrenTRAL REGION: Richmond Div.; Winterveld, between Limoen Fontein
and Gireat Table Mountain, near Richmond, 3000-4000 ft., Drege, 7828! Graaff
Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, 3800-4500 ft., Bolus, 1825! Colesberg Div. ;
Colesberg, Shaw !
Katauart Recion: Griqnaland West; near the Vaal River, Shaw, 120!
Nelson, 212! Orange River Colony ; Little Table Mountain (Tafel Berg), Burke,
284! Zeyher, 1222!
10. C. farinosus (Linn. Mant. 203); stems slender, copiously
twining, obscurely pubescent; leaves cordate-deltoid, acute, 1-3 in.
long, subentire or distinctly crenate, membranous, glabrous on both
sides or obscurely pubescent beneath, basal auricles rounded or
rather pointed ; petiole about half as long as the blade; peduncle
about as long as the leaves, 1-4-flowered; bracts minute, linear ;
calyx 8 lin. long, more or less hairy ; sepals oblong, acute, chartaceous,
much imbricate; corolla pinkish-white, twice as long as the calyx;
capsule glabrous, as long as the sepals. Jacg. Hort. Vind. i. t. 85;
Salisb. Parad. t. 45; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1323; Choisy in DC.
Prod. ix. 412; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 104. C. cordifolius,
Thunb. Prodr. 35, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 169; Drége, Zwei
Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 143 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 413. C.sp5
Drége, l.c, 137.
Coast ReEGion: Riversdale Div.; Vet River, Gill! near Vals River,
Thunberg! Albany Div ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3168! and Herb.
a 1929! King Williamstown Div.; by the Yellowwood River,
rege! :
-OrnTRAL Recion : Graaff Reinet Div. ; at Graaff Reinet, 2800 ft., Burchell,
2118! Bolus, 701 at Milk River, Burchell, 2952! by the Sunday River,
Burchell, 28741 Colesberg Div.; Colesberg, Shaw, 121! Somerset Div.;
— the Zuurberg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft.,
ge !
Karanatt REGION: Transvaal; near Barberton, 2000 ft., Galpin, 969! .
Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; by the Umzimkulu River, 2500 ft.
Tys nin MacOwan & Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1292! around Clydesda'e, ,
Tyson, 2784! Natal; ky the Umlazi River, Krauss, 410! Inanda, Wood, 667!
Convolvulus.] convotvutacem (Baker & Wright). 75°
near the coast, Wood, 961! Umzimyati, Wood; 1308! and withont precise
locality, Gerrard, 410!
Also in Tropical Africa.
ll. Q. arvensis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 153); stems climbing,
glabrous or slightly pubescent; leaves ovate-hastate, 1-2 in. long,
with spreading or deflexed usually acute basal lobes; peduncles
1-3-flowered; pedicels long; bracts minute, lanceolate ; sepals
subequal, oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long; corolla funnel-shaped, scarcely
lobed, 9 lin. long, pink or white; capsule subglobose, glabrous;
seeds glabrous. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix.406; Fl. Dan. tt. 3012-13 ;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 219; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.
108.
Eastern Reoion: Natal; Schultze, 19 (ex Hallier f ).
Widely spread in the north temperate and subtropical parts of the Old World.
Introduced elsewhere.
12. C. phyllosepalus (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 535) ;
stems trailing; branches long, densely pubescent; leaves small,
shortly petioled, hastate-sagittate, sometimes wider and subcordate,
sometimes narrower and with 2 short divergent basal auricles, acute,
glabrous on the upper surface, thinly pubescent beneath ; peduncles
axillary, 1-flowered, much longer than the petiole, slender, terete ;
bracts minute, linear-spathulate ; sepals elliptie-spathulate, foliaceous,
3 lin. long, obtuse, mucronate, crisped on the margin, glabrous or
nearly so; corolla funnel-shaped, twice the length of the calyx,
white ?; capsule globose, glabrous.
Katanarit Reeron: Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3796
(ex Hallier f.) ; Transvaal; Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4131; Kudus
Poort, Rehmann, 4674 (ex Hallier f.).
13. C. hirtellus (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 536); stems
a few inches long, very slender, prostrate, not twining, clothed with
short persistent pubescence ; leaves lanceolate-hastate, 6-9 lin. long,
finely pubescent, with a short deflexed entire or 2-3-toothed auricle ;
petiole very short; peduncles always 1-flowered, 6 lin. long,
pubescent, adscending, spreading or deflexed ; pedicels 1 lin. long,
bracts minute, linear; calyx 2 lin. lung; sepals oblong, much
imbricate, firm in texture, nearly glabrous, obtuse, minutely cuspi-
date; corolla pinkish-white, three times as long as the calyx,
glabrous down the keel of the divisions.
Katanart Reeton: Orange River Colony; near the Vaal River, Burke!
Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3848 (ex Hallier f.). :
14. C. Galpinii (C. H. Wright); whole plant densely villons;
stem long, twining, slender, terete, + lin. in diam. ; leaves ovate-
cordate, acute or obtuse, 1 in. long, 6 lin. broad ; petiole 4 lin. long ;
pedunele 9-15 lin. long, 1-2-flowered; bracteoles 2, linear, 3 lin,
long ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long; calyx 3} lin. long; sepals ovate,
76 convoLvuLtace® (Baker & Wright). [Convolvulu
acuminate, 2 lin. broad ; corolla white, 9 lin. long, glabrous except
on the outside of the central areas ; lobes short, acute; style 5 lin.
long ; capsule globose, glabrous; seeds puberulous.
Coast REGIon : Queenstown Div. ; mountain sides, Queenstown, 4300-6000 ft.,
Galpin, 2110!
15. C. ornatus (Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 247); stem much
branched from the base; branches terete, slender, silky tomentose —
as well as the leaves, pedicels and calyx; lower leaves shortly
petioled, lanceolate or elongate-hastate, upper longer petioled,
5-lobed, 1 in, long; lateral lobes very much shorter than the central,
all linear and slightly wavy at the margins; nerves impressed above,
prominent beneath; peduncle very short; bracteoles 2, linear;
pedicels about 2 lin. long; sepals narrowly lanceolate, 4 lin. long,
11 lin. wide; corolla about 7 lin. in diam., 5-toothed; filaments —
dilated at the base; anthers oblong-sagittate ; capsule ovoid, acute,
about 21 lin. long. OC. multifidus, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.
102, not of Thunb.
Centrat Reaion: Carnarvon Div. ; at Buffels Bout, Burchell, 1601!
Katawart Recion: Griqualand West; sandy places near Kimberley, about
4000 tt.. Marloth, 716 (ex Engler), between the Orange and Vaal Rivers, Roe mm
Herb. Bolus, 2078! Orange River Colony, Burke! Bechuanaland; Pellat
Plains, near Takun, Burchell, 2232! between Moshowa River and Kuru,
Burchell, 2412!
16. C. multifidus (Thunb. Prodr. 35) ; stem herbaceous, filiform,
prostrate, tomentose like the rest of the plant; leaves 3-12 lin.
long ; lobes 5-9, linear, obtuse, the central one longer than the
lateral and sometimes undulate ; petiole short ; peduncle 6-9 lin.
long, 1-flowered; bracts subulate ; pedicel 2-4 lin. long; calyx
3 lin. long; sepals broadly ovate, membranous at the edges;
corolla about 9 lin. in diam., glabrous inside; lobes rotuniate ;
stamens 4 lin. long; capsule ovoid-globose, glabrous. FU. Cap. ed.
Schult. 170.
Coast ReGion: Uitenhage Div.; near Luris (Loeri) River, Thunberg!
Grasrug (Giass Ridge), near Uitenhage, Bawr, 1020!
_ 1%. C. bedeckerianus (Peter in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.
iv. 3A. 36); stems slender, prostrate, finely silky, glabrescent ;
leaves shortly petioled, pinnately 5-lobed, 4-1 in. long; basal lobes
dichotomous ; lateral linear, entire or slightly toothed; central lobe
much the largest, irregularly toothed or pinnatifid; flowers small,
folitary, shortly peduncled ; bracts subulate, minute ; sepals ovate,
acute, densely silky ; corolla twice the length of the calyx, 5 lin. in
diam., white, silky outside ; lobes triangular, acute. Hallier f. in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 102.
Centrat Reaton: Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Shaw, 123! 123A!
Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, Shaw ! rid sa ete
KAtAHARI ReGion: Griqualand West; near the Vaal River, Shaw, 122!
——————<—— sh
Convolculus.] convotvuLace® (Baker & Wright), 77
between Upper Campbell and Griqua Town, Burchell, 1839! Orange River
Colony; near the Caledon River, Burke! Zeyher, 1227! ‘ransvaal, Wohlers
(ex Hallier f.)
18. C. calycinus (E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 154); stems elongated, herbaceous, densely villous; leaves
cordate, obtuse, up to 2 in. long and 13 in. broad, irregularly crenate
or dentate, densely hairy on both surfaces when young, less so when
old, upper surface sometimes glabrous in age; petiole about 6 lin.
long, densely hairy ; peduncle 2 in. long, densely villous, 1- or more
flowered ; bracteoles 2, linear, 3-6 lin. long; pedicel 6 lin. long;
calyx 9 lin. long, densely hairy outside ; sepals unequal, imbricate
at the base, lanceolate; corolla 15 lin. long, about 1 in. in diam.,
white tinged with green (Burchell), 5-toothed, brown hairy outside
the central areas. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 408; Hallier f. in Engl.
Jahrb. xviii. 105.
Coast Region: Bathurst Div.; between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell,
4040!
EAsteERN ReEGIoN: Pondoland: between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu
River, Drége! Natal ; Inanda, Wood, 354!
19. C. natalensis (Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 829);
stem prostrate or climbing, villous, terete; leaves ovate-cordate,
obtuse or rather acute, eroso-dentate, up to 1} in. long and 1 in.
wide, somewhat rugose, densely hairy on both surfaces; petiole
much shorter than the blade; peduncle 1~2 in. long, about 3-
flowered; braecteoles 3-5, linear-lanceolate; pedicels very short;
calyx 6 lin. long, brownish villous outside ; sepals ovate-lanceolate,
or the outer subcordate ; corolla 1 in. long, about 1 in. in diam.,
white (Wood); lobes broadly triangular, hairy down the centre
of the back. Walp. Rep. vi. 540; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii,
105.
Var. B, integrifolia (C. H. Wright); leaves oblong-cordate, shortly acumi-
nate, aucnaly idee i ig on oth surfaces, cnitil or very obscurely
crenulate, ;
Var. y, angustifolia (C. H. Wright) ; upper leaves linear-oblong, about 14 in.
long, 2 lin. wide, lower sometimes broader, densely hairy.
CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; Bowker! Var. 8: Basutoland, San-
derson, 622! Cooper, 929! Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 995! Var. 7:
Transvaal; near Barberton, 2500-4000 ft., Galpin, 480!
EasteRn Recon: Griqualand East ; hills around Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson,
2170! Natal; Table Mountain, 2000-3000 ft, Krauss, 465! Inanda, Wood,
288! near Currys Post, Wood, 3462! Zululand ~p! ans.” errard, 1331! and
without precise locality, Sutherland ! Sanderson, 252! Var. B: Natal, Cooper,
2768! Var. y: Griqualand East ; Vaal Bank, near Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb.
Wood, 4179!
20. C. bullerianus (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 62); a glauces-
cent perennial; stems slender, prostrate, minutely pubescent, about
1 ft. long; leaves shortly petioled, narrowly hastate, 1-1} in. long,
3-2 lin. broad, entire, minutely pubescent on both surfaces, basal
78 GonvoLvuLAcEz (Baker & Wright. [Convolvulus.
lobes small, obtuse; petioles slender, 2-3} lin. long; flowers solitary ;
peduncle 17 lin. long; pedicel 5 lin. long; outer sepals ovate, 7 lin,
long, 31 lin. broad at the base, obtuse or subacute, pubescent, inner
smaller ; corolla yellowish, 13 in. long, pubescent outside; stigmas
filiform, 3 lin. long.
EAsterN ReGion: Natal; hills near Mooi River, 4500 ft., Wood, 6206!
4071! South Downs, Weenen County, 5000 ft., Wood, 4882!
21. C. capensis (Burm. f. Prod. Cap. 5) ; stems slender, twining, —
clothed (like the leaves and calyx) with short brown silky pubescence ;
leaves roundish cordate, 1-1 in. long, obtuse, more or less deeply
palmately lobed; basal lobes rounded; petiole 3-6 lin. long;
peduncles 1-2-flowered, about as long as the leaves; bracts minute,
lanceolate; calyx 4 lin. long; sepals much imbricate, chartaceous,
very silky, oblong, obtuse ; corolla pale pink, 1-11 in. long, brown-
silky down the keel of the divisions; capsule as long as the calyx.
Choisy in DC. Prod, ix. 410; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 105.
C. altheoides, Thunb. Prod. 35, partly; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 18; ed.
Schult. 169, not of L. C. alceifolius, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 103,113. C. Falkia, Hallier f. le. 106, not of Jacg.
Var. B, plicata (Baker) ; leaves often larger than in the type, rarely subentire
or obtuse, usually acute and conspicuously repand or palmato-pinnatifid ; sepals
oblong, acute, 4-6 lin. long. C. plicatus, Desrouss. in Lam. Encycl. iii. 558;
Choisy in DC, Prod, ix. 410; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 106. C. Falkia,
Jacq. Hort. Schenbr. ii. t. 198; Choisy, lic. C. alceifolius, Lam. Ill. i. 461;
Choisy, l.c.; Hallier f. le. 105. C. altheoides, Thunb. Prod. 35, partly. C.
Thunbergti, Roem. ¥ Schultes, Syst. Veg. iv.268 ; Drege, l.c. 46 ; Choisy, L.c.
Var. y, natalensis (Baker) ; stem and leaves obscurely pubescent ; leaves the
same shape as in var. 8 ; peduncles 2~3-flowered; flowers smaller than in the
other varieties ; calyx not more than 3 lin. long, finely silky ; sepals oblong,
acute,
Soutn Arnica: without locality, Thunberg! Thom! Zeyher, 1231! Pappe!
Var. B: Zeyher, 1228!
Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Modder Fontein, Dickson! Malmes-
bury Div, ; between Eikenboom and Riebeck’s Castle, Drége! between Groene
Kloof and Saldanha Bay, Drége! Paarl Div.; Wagonmakers Valley, Pappe!
Tulbagh Div. ; Breede River Valley, near Mitchells Pass, 800 ft., Bolus, 5211!
Caledon Div, ; between Genadendal and Donker Hoek, Burchell,7936 ! Swellendam
Div. ; near Swellendam, Thunberg ! Zeyher! Ruggens, Zuurbraak, 600 ft., Galpin,
4352! Var. 8B: Riversdale Div.; between Zoetemelks River and Little Vet
River, Burchell, 6851! Mossel Bay Div.; between Zout and Duyker Rivers,
Burchell, 6342! Uniondale Div.; in Lange Kloof, Burchell, 4975! Port
Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth, Drége? Albany Div.; near Grahamstown,
Burke ! near Bothas Hili, 2000 ft., MacOwan, 586! Queenstown Div.; by
the Klipplaat River at Shiloh, Drége! Baur, 921!
Centrat Recion: Var. 8: Graaff Reinet Div.; mountains near Graaff
Reinet, 4300 ft., Bolus, 230! Albert Div.; Cooper, 790! 1356!
Karanari Region: Var, 8: Orange River Colony ; near the Caledon River,
face! Transyaal ; Hooge Veld, between Porter and Trigards Fontein, Rehmann,
on ame ReGion; Var. y: Natal; near the Tugela River, Gerrard & McKen,
a ti
a a a ae ee,
CONVOLVULACE& (Baker & Wright). 79
VII. EVOLVULUS, Linn.
Sepals 5, various in shape, subequal, acute or obtuse. Corolla
broadly funnel-shaped or subrotate ; lobes very short. Stamens 5,
inserted usually about the middle of the corolla-tube. Ovary
usually 2-celled, with 2 ovules in each eell ; styles 2, filiform, dis-
tinct from the base and each branch forked ; stigmas club-shaped or
filiform. Capsule 2-4-valved, subglobose ; seeds glabrous.
Annual or perennial herbs, not twining, rarely undershrubs; leaves usually
small and quite entire ; bracts minute; flowers axillary or capitate, small, white,
blue or reddish,
Disrris. Species about 70, chiefly natives of Tropical America.
1. E. alsinoides (Linn. Sp. ed. 2, 392); a perennial herb ; stems
very slender, densely tufted, suberect or trailing, about 1 ft. long,
thinly elothed with lax brown silky hairs; leaves nearly sessile,
obovate-oblong, entire, 6-9 lin. long, obtuse, distinctly mucronate,
thinly silky ; peduncles longer than the leaves, 1—3-flowered, with
minute linear silky bracts at the base of the short spreading pedicels ;
calyx 11~2 lin. long, densely silky ; sepals lanceolate, acute ; corolla
subrotate, + in. in diam., white or violet-blue ; capsule fragile.
glabrous, as long as the calyx. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 447 5
Hlallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 85, E. natalensis, Sonder in
Linnea, xxiii. 80.
Var. 8, glabra (Baker); leaves smaller, oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse with a
mucro, quite glabrous asare the stems and sepals; corolla white.
Var. y, linifolia (Baker) ; leaves lanceolate, acute, siiky, as are the stems
re sepals, E. linifolius, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 392; Choisy in DC. Prod, ix,
Katanari Recion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; St. Clair, Orpen, 206!
Bechuanaland; Bakwena ‘lerritory, 3500 ft., Holub ! Transvaal; Houtbosch,
Rehmann, 5930! Var. y: Bechuanaland; on rocks at Chue Vley, Burchell,
2382! at Kuruman, Burchell, 2185! South African Gold-fields, Baines / Trans-
vaal; Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4535! lower nearer
near Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 634! and without precise locality, Sanderson !
Eastern RxGIon ; Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1335! near Verulam, Wood, 745 t
Var. 8: Tugela, Gerrard, 1907!
Widely distributed in the tropics.
VIII BREWERIA, R. Br.
(SeppeRA, Hochst.)
Sepals 5, usually obtuse, subequal, or the outer larger than the
inner. Corolla funnel-shaped, plicate, 5-angled, shortly and broadly
lobed. Stamens shorter than the corolla ; filaments filiform, usually
dilated at the base; anthers ovoid or oblong. Ovary 2-celled,
4-ovuled; styles more or less deeply bifid; stigmas capitate,
Capsule 4-valved. Seeds glabrous or pilose.
80 convoLvuLace&® (Baker & Wright). [Breweria,
Habit very variable, erect or scandent ; leaves entire ; cymes axillary, some-
times reduced to a single flower or forming a terminal thyrsoid panicle.
Distris. Species about 25, distributed through the warmer regions of both
hemispheres.
Flowers solitary ; sepals broadly lanceolate... ... (1) capensis,
Flowers clustered (except near the apex of the ;
branches) ; sepals narrowly lanceolate “ ... (2) suffruticosa.
1. B. capensis (Baker); an undershrub; branches up to 10 in.
long, prostrate or suberect, clothed with brownish adpressed hairs ;
leaves sessile or very shortly petioled, oblong or ovate-lanceolate,
acute, silky on both sides, about 8 lin. long and 4 lin. wide; —
flowers solitary, axillary, very shortly stalked; bracts 2, lanceolate, —
shorter than the calyx; calyx densely silky; sepals broadly lanceo-
late, acute, 3 lin. long, 11 lin. wide; corolla broadly funnel-shaped,
4 lin. long, pale pink ; ovary hairy at the top; styles 2} lin. long;
capsule globose, glabrous. volvulus capensis, E. Meyer in Drége,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 46; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 444;
Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 86. Seddera capensis, Hallier f.
in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 529.
Var. 8, parviflora (Baker); habit very dwarf; hairs shorter and more
ert calyx 2 lin. long; corolla 3 lin. in diam.; capsule as long as the —
sepals,
Vag. y, oligotricha (Baker); stem with few patent hairs ; leaves elliptical,
9 lin. long, 5 lin. broad, glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate on the margins; calyx
ciliate on the margin only, Seddera capensis, var. glabrescens, Hallier f, in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. vi. 524.
Var. 8, minor (Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 189); an undershrub; branches
up to 6 in, long, white hirsute with patent hairs, as are also the leaves ; bracts
and sepals with white hairs on the lower side; leaves not exceeding 3 lin. in
length and 2 lin. in breadth ; corolla 4 lin. long. :
Coast REGION: Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3500-4000 ft., Drége! near
Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1973! and without precise locality, Zeyher /
Karanarit Reeion; Bechuanaland; near the ruins at Kuraman, Burchell,
2418 ! Var. B: Griqualand West; near the Vaal River, Shaw, 180! Var. 7:
Orange River Colony; near the Vet River, Burke, 182! Zeyher, 1221! Draai
Fontein, Rehmann, 3659! Transvaal; Boschveld, between Klein Smit and
Kameel Poort, Rehmann, 4834! Var. 5: Orange River Colony ; Leeuw Spruit
and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton !
Eastern Recion: Natal; in thorny-bush, Tugela, Gerrard, 1336 }
Also in Tropical Africa.
3. B. suffruticosa (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx.
275); a subshrub, 9-20 in. high; branches erect, straight, silky
pubescent; leaves elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, 5-18 lin. long,
13-5 lin. wide, acuminate or acute, mucronate, with silky hairs on
both sides; petiole about 1 lin. long; peduncle 2-10 lin. long;
bracts lanceolate ; flowers sessile; three outer sepals lanceolate,
acuminate, 3 lin. long, $ lin. wide, inner rather shorter, 1 lin. broad,
ovate, acuminate, membranous at the margins in the lower part;
corolla 33 lin. long, broadly ecampanulate; ovary ovoid; styles
3 lin. long, filiform ; stigmas capitate. B. baccharoides and B,
sessiflora, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. Convolvulus mucro-
/
Breweria.]| convotyorace& (Baker & Wright). es
natus, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 246. Seddera suffruticosa, Hallier
J. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 88, and Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1008, 1010 :
vi. 531. 8. mucronata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 88.
Var. 8, hirsutissima (C. H. Wright); more robust than the type and densely
clothed with brownish hairs. B. conglomerata, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68.
Seddera conglomerata, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1008. 8. suffruticosa,
var. hirsutissima, Hallier f. l.c. vi. 581; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i.
725.
KatauartI Recon: Griqualand West, Herbert Div. ; St. Clair, Belmont,
Orpen, 115! Transvaal; Marico district, Holub! Var. 8: Transvaal; Bosch-
veld at Klippan, Rehmann, 5256 !
Also in Tropical Africa.
IX. FALKIA, Linn.
(Faucsi1A, Thunb.)
Sepals 5, subequal, broad, leafy, accrescent, joined at the very
base. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped ; lobes very short or distinct.
Stamens 5, inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; anthers roundish.
Ovary with, deep erect lobes, each containing a single ovule ; styles 2,
subulate, gynobasic; stigma capitate. Jruit membranous, with 4
or, by abortion, fewer lobes.
Dwarf prostrate matted perennial herbs, with small entire petioled leaves, and
small solitary flowers peduncled in their axils. Habit very like that of
Dichondra.
Disrris. All South African, with one species extending to Eritrea,
Corolla twice as long as the calyx, obscurely lobed :
Leaves orbicular, cordate at the base; calyx
lobes long and broad ... 0... ws (1) repens.
Leaves oblong, not cordate at the base ; calyx-
lobes short .. ... (2) oblonga.
“abet ai ine acs nas cag agen oo a ae
1. F. repens (Linn. f. Suppl. 211); stems firm, slender, terete,
trailing sometimes to a length of 6 in. or more, glabrous or when
young minutely pubescent ; leaves orbicular or broadly ovate, 3-6 lin.
long and broad, distinctly cordate at the base, obtuse or faintly
emarginate; petiole usually as long as or longer than the blade;
peduncle 1-flowered, about as long as the leaf and petiole ; flower-
calyx 2-3 lin. long, glabrous or silky pubescent ; lobes at first
oblong, becoming ovate and deltoid and crisped on the edge when
mature ; corolla twice as long as the calyx, shallowly lobed, pinkish,
glabrous; fruit-lobes obovoid, membranous, 1 lin. long, hidden by
the closed ealyx. Bot. Mag. t. 2228; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 257 :
Choisy in DO. Prod. ix. 451; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 84,
incl. var. sericea. Falckia repens, Thunb. Nov. Pl. Gen.i-17. Con-
volvulus Falckia, Thunb. Prodr. 35; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 168.
VOL. 1V.—SsEoT, I. G
82. CONVOLVULACES (Baker & Wright). [ Fulkia.
Var. 8, diffasa (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 451); nearly glabrous; habit more
robust than in the type; leaves cordate-ovate, 4-3 in. long; flowers rather
larger than in the type, on longer peduncles. ;
Var. y, villosa (Baker); stature and size of flowers of the type, but stem and
leaves densely clothed with soft spreading pubescence. F. villosa, Hallier f. in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 85.
Sourm AFRICA; without precise locality, Foster! Harvey, 576! Drege!
Var. y, Bergius (ex Hallier) Herb. Harvey, 245!
Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Green Point, MacGillivray, 646! Flats near
Zeekoe Vley, Wolley Dod, 859! between Cape Town and Salt River, Burchell,
896! near Cape Town, Thunberg! Tulbagh Div.; Vogel Valley, Drége!
Riversdale Div.; Zwart Valley and near Vals River, Thunberg ! Mossel Bay
Div.: hills on the east side of Gauritz River, Burchell, 6431! between Duyker
River and Gauritz River, Burchell, 6875! near the landing-place at Mossel Bay,
Burchell, 6277! George Div.; between Malgat River and Great Brak River,
Burchell, 6145! Uitenhage Div. ; by the Zwartkops River, Drége ! Zeyher, 163!
Port Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth, Wilms, 2454! Bathurst Div.; near
Theopolis, Burchell, 4143! between Port Alfred and Kaffir Drift, Burchell,
3857! East London Div. ; near Shelly Beach, 50 ft., Schannberg, 2797! Var. B:
_Cupe Divy.; marshy ground by a salt-water lake, Simons Bay, Milne, 201!
Albany Div.; Mrs. Barber! Var. y: Cape Div.; near Constantia, Bergius (ex
Hallier f.). Uitenhage Div.; Zeyher! Ecklon & Zeyher, 19 (ex Hallier j.).
KartanaRt Reeron: Var. y: Orange River Colony; Nieuwjaars Spruit,
between the Orange River and Galedon River, Zeyher (Ecklon § Zeyher, locality
number 114, ex Hallier f.).
I have not seen any specimen agreeing with F. repens, var. minuta, Choisy in
cat hom ix. 451. The description of the calyx is much like that of /. oblonga,
ernh.
silky ; habit more robust than in typical F. repens and flowers @
little longer ; leaves about twice as long as broad, never more than
simply rounded, not cordate at the base. Walp. Rep. vi. 543;
re f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 84; Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 41, |
partly.
2. F. oblonga (Bernh. in Flora, 1844, 830); subglabrous or
Var. 8, minor (C. H. Wright): leaves shorter than in the type; calyx —
tubular-campanulate, shortly toothed, silky outside. #F. abyssinica, Engl.
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 844. F. oblonga, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 41,
partly, F. diffusa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 85, partly.
Coast Recion: Var. 8: Fort Beaufort Div., Co 23! yn Div. ;
a ntcbin: eos: » Cooper, 323! Queenstown Div. ;
Kaxawari Reeion: Var. 8: Griqualand West; by the Vaal River near Pniel,
Roein Herb. Bolus, 20721 Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1077 !
Eastegn Recion: Tembuland? Engotina, Baur, 15! Natal; hills near —
Umlazi River, Krauss, 359! Coast, Wood, 318! near Durban, Wood, 99! Wilms,
2178! Gerrard, ! Mount Edgecumbe, Wood, 1122! Var. 8: Tembuland;
Qumancu and Umegwali, Baur, 536!
Also in Tropical Africa.
3. F. dichondroides (Baker); stems very slender, firm, trailing
sometimes to a length of 1 ft., clothed when young, like the leaves
and calyx, with shert pubeseence; leaves entire, round-cordate,
Z-1 in. long and broad ; basal lobes always rounded and distinctly
produced ; petiole usually longer than the blade; peduncle short,
1-flowered, at first erect, soon coriaceous; calyx 2 in. long, pubes-
Falkia. | CONVOLVULACER (Buker & Wright). 83
cent; lobes in flower ovate, in fruit much broader and crisped;
corolla scarcely longer than the calyx, distinctly lobed ; fruit not
more than half as long as its calyx. FF. diffusa, Hallier f. in
Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 85, partly. Dichondra repens, Hallier f. l.c.
82, parily.
Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div. ; between Zout River and Duyker River,
Burchell, 6340! Uitenhage Div.; near Enon, below 1000 ft., Dréye! Albany
Div.; Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3627! near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan,
1254! King Williamstown Div.; Breidbach, near King Williamstown, Murray,
1254! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 45! Wodehouse Div.; Indwe, Baur!
CENTRAL ReGion: Alexandria Div. ; rocks of Zwartwater Poort, Burchell,
3417/1! Somerset Div.; near Somerset Hast, Bo/us, 1950! :
Hastern Rreron: Tembuland ; Bazeia and near the Tsomo River, Baur, 490!
X. DICHONDRA, Furst.
Sepals subequal, distinct from the base, usually spatbulate.
Corolla broadly campanulate, deeply 5-fid; lobes induplicate.
Stamens shorter than the corolla; filaments filiform; anthers small.
Ovary completely 2-lobed; lobes 2-ovuled; styles 2, between the
lobes, filiform; stigmas capitate. Capsules 2, membranous, erect,
1- (rarely 2-) seeded ; indehiscent or irregularly 2-valved. Seeds
subglobose, smooth, testa thinly crustaceous; cotyledons oblong-
linear, twice folded. :
Small prostrate glabrous or silky-pubescent herbs; leaves cordate-orbicular or
reniform, usually small; flowers solitary, axillary, small.
Disrris, Species 4-5 in the warmer regions of both hemispheres.
1. D. repens (Forst. Gen. 39, t. 20); stem slender, terete; ieaves
cordate-rotundate or reniform, pubescent or almost tomentose
beneath, slightly hairy above, entire, up to 1 in, across; petiole
lin. long, pubescent ; peduncle 4-12 lin. long, more slender than
the petiole, pubescent ; calyx 14 lin. long, villous ; corolla yellow or
white, glabrous, shorter than the calyx. Smith, Pl. Ic. Ined. t. 8; _
Lam. Til. t. 183 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 451; Harr. Gen. 8. Afr.
Pl. ed. 2, 255, not of Hallier f. Sibthorpea evolvulacea, Linn. f.
Suppl. 288. Steripha reniformis, Soland. ea Gertn. Fruct. 1. 81,
t. 94, fig. 6. Hydrocotyle villosa, Ecklon, Ezxsice. 406, not of
inn.
Coast Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Ecklon, 406! Knysna Div. ;
hear Melville, Burchell, 5481!
Eastern Region : Natal; Umzinyati Valley, Wood, 1379 !
Widely spread throughout the tropical and subtropical regions.
XI. CUSCUTA, Linn.
Sepals broad and short, usually united at the base into a short
campanulate tube. Corolla eampanulate ; lobes 5, oblong or lanceo-
a2
84 convotvuLack# (Baker & Wright). [Cuscuta.
late, at most as long as the tube. Stamens inserted at the throat of
the corolla-tube, with a membranous scale below each of them arising
from low down in the tube; filaments short, filiform; anthers
oblong or globose. Ovary completely or partially 2-celled, 4-ovuled ;
styles free from the base or connate; stigmas clavate or capitate.
Fruit capsular or fleshy. Seeds with a spiral embryo with incon-
spicuous cotyledons.
Leafless parasites, with filiform twining stems and small whitish or rose-
coloured flowers.
DistRiB. Cosmopolitan. Species about 80. .
Subgenus 1. PacnystTicma. Styles free to the base ; stigmas clavate.
Calyx angular i... aus ... (1) angulata.
Calyx not angular:
Corolla 1 lin. long... sve it ... (2) Gerrardii.
Corolla 2 lin. long:
Styles longer than the stigmas ... (8) africana.
Styles not longer than the stigmas :
Calyx as long as the corolla-tube... (4) nitida.
Calyx shorter than the corolla-
tube ae ‘ (5) natalensis.
Subgenus 2. Grammica. Styles free to the base, unequal; stigmas
capitate.
Calyx shortly saccate at the base iv sit ... (6) appendiculata.
Calyx not saccate at the base ... Hes ive .. (7) Medicaginis.
Subgenus 3. Monoeynenta. Styles connate; stigma capitate, 2-lobed.
Only South African species ... eae ves ... (8) cassytoides.
1. C. angulata (Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, i. 474);
stem filiform ; flowers 11-11 lin. long, 1% lin. wide when expanded, |
in short cymes; braeteoles linear-lanceolate ; pedicels longer than the
flowers ; calyx 5-angled, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes broadly ovate, obtuse ;_
corolla widely campanulate ; lobes ovate, obtuse; anthers obtuse, —
deeply cordate at the base, about as long as the filaments; scales”
ovate, fimbriate, incurved, slightly longer than the corolla-tube;
ovary depressed-globose; stigmas cylindrical or subclavate, shorter
than the style. C. africana, Choisy, Cuscut. Enum. 176, and in
pet Prod. ix. 454, partly; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Wynberg, Harvey! Worcester Div.; Dutoits-
Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drage! Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, —
Burchell, 7792! Onrust River, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 9506! Houw Hoek,
Schl. chter, 7381! rt
2. C. Gerrardii (Baker) ; stems very slender ; cymes few-flowered,
congested into dense clusters; pedicels none or very short; calyx
half as long as the corolla; lobes owate-deltoid, much exeeeding th
very short tube; corolla campanulate, 1 lin. long; lobes oblong.
obtuse, as long as the tube; stamens slightly shorter than th
corolla-lobes; anther oblong, slightly longer than the very short
:
5
Cuscuta. | CONVOLVULACEX (Baker & Wright). — 85
Flament ; seales lanceolate, not deeply fimbriate; styles free to the
base, twice as long as the clavate stigmas ; capsule unknown.
Eastern Recion: Zululand, in damp places, Gerrard, 1387!
3. C. africana (Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 156); stems very
slender; flowers in dense cymes; pedicels often two or three times
as_long as the flower; calyx + as long as the corolla; lobes round-
deltoid, shortly united at the base into a hemispherical tube ; corolla
1}. lin, long ; lobes spreading, oblong-laneeolate, about as long as the
tube ; stamens more than half as long as the corolla-lobes; filaments
three times as long as the subglobose anthers; scales obovate, ineiso-
fimbriate, as long as the corolla-tube; styles free to the base, twice
as long as the clavate stigmas ; capsule 1 lin. in diam., membranous,
bursting irregularly. Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. 454, partly; Engelm.
in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, i. 475. CO. americana, Thunb. Prodr.
32, not of Linn. C. sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
124.
Var. 8, capensis (Baker) ; habit more luxuriant than in the type ; corolla
2-24 lin. long ; lobes more lanceolate than in the type. C. capensis, Choisy,
Cuseut. Enum. 175, t. i. fig. 4, and in DC. Prod. ix. 454; Harv. Thes. Cap. t. 39.
Sours Arrica: without locality, Var. 8, Thom, 508! .
Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; Wynberg, Roxburgh! Riet Valley, Zeyher!
Millers Point, Wolley Dod, 859! Riversdale Div. ; lower part of the Lange
Bergen, near Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7031! George Div. ; near Touw River,
Burchell, 5724! 5730! Humansdorp Div. ; Kromme River, Bolus, 2406!
Uitenhage Div. ; at the foot of Van Stadens Berg, Drége! near the sources of
Bulk River, MacOwan, 1983! Var. 8: Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof, Schlechter,
9043! George Div. ; Kaymans Gat, Drége!
4. C. nitida (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doeumente,
87, 176) ; stem filiform, much-branched; flowers arranged in a race-
mose panicle ; bracteoles + lin. long, lanceolate ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long,
thickened upwards ; calyx 14 lin. long ; lobes broadly ovate-triangular,
rather fleshy ; corolla‘ about twice as long as the calyx; lobes
lanceolate, acute, often reflexed; anthers oblong, slightly shorter
than the filaments ; scales about as long as the corolla-tube; styles
shorter than the linear stigmas. Choisy, Cuseut. Hnum. 176, t. 2,
fig. 1, and in DC. Prod. ix. 454; Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St.
Louis, i, 474. 0. Burmanni, Choisy U. ce. 177 and 454. C.
africana, a, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docwmente, 101.
Sourn ArFrica: without locality, Pappe! Zeyher, 1235! Herb. Harvey,
!
“Cc iv i 427! Table Moun-
Coast Region: Cape Div.: Muizenberg, 200 ft., Bolus, 4427! Tat
tain, 400 ft., Bolus, 4278! Lion Mountain, Burchell, aah Paarl Div. ; toon
Mountains, Drege! Klein Drakenstein Mountains, Drége ! pe eh 96 v. 3
Zeyher ! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, 1400 ft., Schlechter, 727
5. C. natalensis (Baker); stems very slender, but rather stouter
than in C. africana; flowers in dense cymes, the pedicels at oh *
long as the flowers; calyx 1 lin. long; lobes ovate-deltoid, shortly
86 convoLvuLace® (Baker & Wright). [ Cuscuta.
joined at the base; corolla whitish, 8 lin. long; lobes spreading,
lanceolate, less than half as long as the tube; stamens less —
than half as long as the corolla-lobes; filament shorter than the
oblong anther; scales ligulate, deeply fimbriate, as long as the
corolla-tube ; siyles free to the base, more than twice as long as
the clavate stigmas; capsule globose, 1} lin. in diam., mem-
branous, bursting irregularly.
Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, and near Enon, Wood, 596! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 1219! 2785! 2788! 2789! 2790! 2741! 2793!
6. C. appendiculata (Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sc. St. Louis, i. 503);
stems very slender; cymes dense-flowered; pedicels short; calyx
about 2 as long as the corolla, shortly saccate at the base; lobes
ovate-deltoid, much longer than the very short tube; corolla cam-
panulate, 1». in. long; lobes oblong-lanceolate, nearly as long as the
tube ; stamens rather shorter than the corolla-lobes; anther elliptic,
cordate at the base, about the same length as its filament; scales
obovate, much fimbriate; styles free from the base, slender,
divergent; stigmas globose, capitate ; capsule membranous, usually
1-seeded.
Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div. ; Keiskamma River at Modder Drift,
Mrs. Hutton! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber! Cooper, 337 !
CrentRaAt Reeion: Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, Shaw, 101!
Somerset Div. ; near Pearston, MacOwan, 1958!
KataHaRki Reoion: Griqualand West; near Kimberley, Hutton in Mac-
Owan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 923!
EastERN REGION: Natal, Cooper, 2787!
7. C. Medicaginis (C. H. Wright); stems slender, smooth ;
flowers in racemose cymes ; bracteoles elliptical, 1 lin. long ; pedicels
1 lin. long; calyx cup-shaped, % lin. long, lobed nearly }-way
down ; lobes ovate; corolla 2 lin. long; lobes not quite as long as
the tube, oblong, obtuse ; anthers oblong, about as long as the short
filaments; scales as long as the corolla-tube ; ovary globose ; styles
slender ; stigmas capitate.
Coast Region: Queenstown Div. ; in Lucerne gardens, Queenstown, 3500 ft.,
Galpin, 1760!
8. C. cassytoides (Nees in Linnwa, xx. 196, name only); stems
as stout as whip-cord; eymes congested into lax-flowered spikes ;
calyx } as long as the corolla, firm in texture; lobes round, obtuse,
much imbricate; tube very short; corolla 12-2 lin. long; lobes —
oblong, obtuse, shorter than the campanulate tube; anthers sub-
globose, sessile at the throat of the corolla-tube ; styles short, thick, —
connate up to the emarginate stigma; capsule globose, firm in
texture, indehiscent, about 2 lin. in diam. Engelm. in Trans. Acad.
Sc. St. Louis, 513; Harv. Thes. Cap. t. 119. Cassytha sp., Drege, —
Zwei Pflunzengeogr. Documente, 146. i
Coast ReGion ; Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort, near Grahamstown, Hutton !
Zeyher, 3631! Queenstown Div., Cooper, 2783 ! :
Cuscuta. | CONVOLVULACEE (Baker & Wright). 87
CentRat Recon: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3178! MacOwan,
1959!
KALAHARI Recon: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5884!
EasteRN Reoion: Transkei; Krelis Country, Bowker, 492! between Gekau
(Geua) River and Bashee River, Drége, 8037! Natal ; Noodsberg, Wood, 929!
and without precise locality, Cooper, 1184! 2782! 2783; 27841 Gerrard,
240!
- Orpen XCIV. SOLANACEZ,
(By C. H. Waicut.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregular. Calyx 4—5-
(rarely 6—7-) toothed or lobed ; lobes imbricate or valvate. Corolla
tubular, funnel-shaped, campanulate or rotate, sometimes plicate ;
lobes 4-5 (rarely 6-7), induplicate-valvate in bud, patent or more
rarely erect, equal or subequal. Stamens as many as the corolla-
lobes, rarely fewer, inserted in the corolla-tube ; filaments short or
long ; anthers distinct or conniving in a cone, eells parallel or
diverging, dehiscing by terminal or oblique pores or longitudinal
slits. Disk annular, entire or lobed or absent. Ovary superior,
sessile or shortly stipitate, 2—5-celled; style terminal, filiform ;
stigma terminal, small or slightly expanded and bilamellate ; ovules
numerous, anatropous or amphitropous. Fruit an indehiscent berry,
or a capsule dehiscing by valves or circumscissile. Seeds numerous,
small; albumen fleshy ; embryo often terete, near the outside
of the albumen; cotyledons semiterete, rarely wider than the
radicle.
Herbs, erect or climbing shrubs, more rarely trees, glabrous, pubescent or
stellately tomentose, sometimes spiny; leaves alternate, geminate or verticillate,
entire or variously divided; inflorescence cymose, terminal, leaf-opposed or
extra-axillary, sometimes appearing umbellate or fasciculate or reduced to one
flower, j
DisrriB. Genera about 66, species about 1400, absent only from arctic an
alpine regions, very abundant in tropical and extra-tropical South America.
* Fruit baccate.
+ Anthers dehiscing by pores (in the South African species).
I. Solanum.—Only South African genus.
Anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits.
r ¢ Calyx much enlarged in fruit.
II. Physalis.—Herbs ; flowers solitary ; corolla rotate or widely campanu-
late, plicate; ovary 2-celled.
IIL. Withania.—A bieatis flowers tascicled; corolla narrowly campanulate ;
valvate ; ovary 2-celled. i
IV. Nicandra.—A bart; flowers solitary; corolla widely campanulate,
Plicate ; ovary 3-4-celled.
ti Calyx not or but slightly enlarged in fruit.
V. Lycium.—Only South African geuus.
** Fruit capsular.
7 Leaves alternate,
88 SOLANACEE (Wright).
VI. Datura.—Flowers large, solitary, white. a
VII. Nicotiana.—Flowers smaller, panicled or racemose, pink, green or
yellow.
t+ Leaves verticillate.
VIII. Retzia.—Only South African genus.
I. SOLANUM, Linn.
Calyx campanulate or rotate, 5-10- (rarely 4-) toothed or lobed,
sometimes slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla rotate, more rarely
campanulate ; limb plicate, or more or less deeply 5- (rarely 4- or 6-)
lobed: Stamens usually 5, inserted in the corolla-throat; filaments
very short; anthers oblong or lanceolate, conniving or cohering in a
cone, dehiscing by pores or longitudinal slits. Ovary 2- (rarely
3—4-celled) ; style simple; stigma usually small; ovules numerous.
Berry usually globose, sometimes oblong. Seeds compressed,
orbicular or subreniform ; testa often minutely pitted; embryo much
curved near the margin; cotyledons semiterete.
Shrubs, herbs or small trees, sometimes climbing, unarmed or spiny ; leaves
alternate or geminate, entire, lobed or pinnatisect ; cymes extra-axillary, dicho-
tomous, racemose or umbellate, sometimes arranged in a terminal panicle ;
flowers yellow, white, violet or purple.
Distris. Species about 800, most abundant within the tropics, but extending
into the temperate zone.
Solanum Lycopersicum, Linn. (Lycopersiewm esculentum, Mill.), the Tomato,
is stated by Thunberg (Prod. 36, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 188) to occur in the
neighbourhood of towns, probably as an introduction. It has not been found by
any recent collector.
In Natal the larger species of Solanwm are called Um-Tuma.
* Unarmed :
Herbs ii wea a is .. (1) nigrum,
Erect shrubs : @)
Leaves oblong-lanceolate
Leaves ovate or oblong :
Pedicels and calyx pilose ... (8) dasypus.
Pedicels and calyx glabrous ... (4) aggregatum.
Climbing shrubs :
Stem angular, pilose :
Leaves ovate, acuminate ... -» (5) quadrangulare.
Leaves obovate, obtuse... ... (6) exasperatum.
Stem subterete, glandular i .. (7) Aggerum.
Stem terete, pilose ivi = 3) crassifolium.
Stem terete, glabrous : : :
ves obtuse gee ai .. (9) geniculatum.
Leaves shortly acuminate... —_—... (10) bifureum.
ave + (2) pseudocapsicum.
aoe
#* Spiny:
Inflorescence apparently terminal :
Mature leaves glabrous above ... ... (11) giganteum.
Mature leaves densely tomentose above (12) auriculatum.
Inflorescence distinctly lateral :
Leaves deeply 1-2-pinnately lobed :
Spines 24 lin. across the base,
usually much curved... ... (18) aculeastrum.
Solanum.} SOLANACEE (Wright). 89
Spines not exceeding 1 lin. across
_ the base, straight :
Leaves with rounded lobes:
Corolla yellowish ... (14) supinum.
Corolla violet :
Fruit 6 lin. or less
in diam., black or
reddish ... ... (15) rigescens.
Fruit 15 lin. in diam.,
yellow... --. (16) sodomeum.
Leaves with acute lobes:
Corolla 9 lin. or less in
diam. ; lobes narrow ... (17) aculeatissimum.
Corolla 12 Jin. in diam. ;
lobes broad... ... (18) ferrugineum, ©
Corolla 16-18 lin. in ,
diam. ; lobes broad :
Fruit green and white (19) duplosinuatum,
Fruit yellow ... (20) acanthoidenm.
Leaves lobed less than halfway to the
midrib :
~ Corolla more than 6 lin, in diam. :
Leaves acute at the base:
Leaves _ovate-lanceolate,
sinuately lobed ... ... (21) didymanthum.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate,
subentire a ... (22) pandureforme,
Leaves obtuse at the base :
Fruit oblong, up to 6 in.
long... se ~~ ess (23) Melongena.
Fruit more or less globose,
1} in. or less long:
Tomentum floccose ;
spines usually
straight:
Leaves not more
than 8 in. long (24) tomentosum.
Leaves more than
3in, long ... (25) indicum.
Tomentum closely ad-
pressed ; spines
curved... ... (26) ineanum.
Corolla 6 lin. or less in diam. :
Leaves glabrous i... ... (27) capense,
Leaves with few stellate hairs... (28) leucopheeum.
Leaves with numerous stellate
hairs :
Flowers 3-5 together :
Corolla-lobes lanceo-
late, acuminate ... (29) coccineum.
Corolla-lobes oblong,
ath ey meestum.
obtuse... a
Flowers usually solitary ... (31) giftbergense.
1. S. nigrum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 186); stem herbaceous, angular,
‘ More or less pubescent ; leaves ovate, obovate or lanceolate, sinuate-
dentate, more rarely entire, tapering downwards into the petiole, more
or less pubescent with simple bairs on both surfaces, up to 4 in. by
2 in. ; petiole 1 in. long or less; peduncle slender, 9 lin. long ;
-
eyme umbellate, few-flowered; pedicels spreading in flower, pen-
90 sOLANACEE (Wright). [ Solanum.
dulous in fruit; calyx cup-shaped ; lobes ovate, acute ; corolla white,
3 lin. in diam.; lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute; stamens equal ;
filaments short, cylindrical; anthers 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse,
with 2 oblique pores near the apex; style slightly longer than the
stamens, pubescent below; fruit globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam.,
black, more rarely red or yellow. Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 56, 93, 106, 116, 133, 146; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 188 ;
Mutel. Fl. Frane. tt. 39-40, figs. 296-303 ; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii.
1.50; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 446; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 229.
S. villosum, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8.n.2. S. rubrum, Mill. le. n. 4,
not of Drége. S. incertum, Dunal, Hist. Sol. 155; Drége in Linnea,
xx. 203. S. miniatum, Bernh. ex Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 236.
S. guineense, Lam. Ill. ii. 18. S. retroflexum, Dunal in DC. Prod.
xiii. i. 50 (incl. vars. angustifolium and latifilium). S. sp., Drege,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 61, 87.
Coast Reeion: Malmesbury Div.; Paarde Berg, Thunberg! Paarl Div. ;
Paarl Mountains, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 7864a! Cape Div.; Table Mcuntain,
Burchell, 645! between Cape Town and Stelfenbosch, under 500 ft., Drége!
between Hout Bay and Wynberg, under 1000 ft., Drége! Lion Mountain,
Thunberg ! Devils Mountain, Wolley Dod, 856! Wilms, 1022! 3458! above
the path to Smitwinkel, Wolley Dod, 3318! Skeleton Ravine, Wolley Dod,
3180! Simons Bay, Wright! Caledon Div.; Genadendal, 3000-4000 ft., Drége !
George Div.; near drift of Kaymans River, Lady Barkly ! Uitenhage Div.;
Zwartkops River Valley, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 3473! Enon, under 500 ft., Drége!
Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 554! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 187!
CENTRAL ReGIoN: Somerset Div., Cooper, 528! Graaff Reinet Div,; near
Graaff Reinet, 2500-4000 ft., Drege, 7864b! Bolus, 50! Richmond Div.3
Uitvlugt, in the vicinity of Styl Kloof near Richmond, 4000-5000 ft., Drege!
WesTexn RuGion: Great Namaqnaland; Fish River, Schinz, 866! Little
Namaqualand; Orange River, near Verleptpram, under 500 ft., Drége !
KatanARI Recion: Transvaal; Matebe Valley, Holub /
EASTERN Region: Transkei Div.; between Gekau (Gcua) River and Bashee
River, Drége! Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 102! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 83! —
Umhlote, Wood, 811! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 412!
In all temperate and tropical regions.
2. S. pseudocapsicum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 184); an erect shrub,
3-4 ft. high; stem glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, slightly
repand, glabrous, up to 3 in. by 10 lin., obtuse, acuminate at the
base into a short petiole; cymes umbellate, few-flowered, or flowers
sometimes solitary; peduncles very short; pedicels 4 in. long;
slightly thickened upwards; calyx glabrous; tube shortly cam-
panulate, 1 lin. long ; lobes oblong, acute, 11 lin. long; corolla 5 lin.
in diam., white; lobes ovate, aeute, slightly pubescent at the apex;
filaments very short, inserted in the corolla-throat; antners 14 lin.
long, oblong, obtuse, with 2 small oblique pores near the apex;
style 24 lin. long, straight; berry globose, glabrous, 5 lin. in diam.,
seated upon the enlarged calyx, red or yellow. Dunal in DC. Prod.
xiii. i. 152; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 32. 58. uniflorum, Vall.
Fl. Flum. ii. t. 114.
Coast Reeton: Cape Div.; Wynberg Ranges, Wolley Dod, 426! Albany
Div., Bowker! ; -
Also in China, Bourbon, Madeira, the Azores and Brazil.
Solanum.] SOLANACER (Wright), 91
? 3. 8. dasypus (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 103) ; branches woody, divaricate, pubescent when young;
leaves ovate, eutire or repand, thick, up to 2 in. by 1 in., glabrous,
attenuate into a petiole 4 lin. long; flowers solitary, or 2-3 together ;
pedicels 9 lin. long, sparingly pilose, cernuous, slightly thickened at
the apex ; calyx campanulate, 3 lin. in diam., pilose outside; lobes
ovate, obtuse ; corolla 5-partite, villous inside the tube, 10-11 lin.
in diam. ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, obtuse; stamens half as Jong as
the corolla; filaments 14 lin. long; anthers oblong, yellow, 2 lin.
long, dehiscing by slits near the apex: ovary conical, glabrous ; style
filiform, twice as long as the stamens ; fruit subglobose, 5 lin. in
diam. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 161.
Coast Raion: Piquetberg Div.; Piquetberg, 400 ft., Schlechter, 7896!
Malmesbury Div.; Riebecks Castle, under 1000 ft., Drége !
The leaves on Schilechter’s specimen are thin and do not appear to be mature.
Ob-ervations should be made in the field as to the validity of the specitic dis-
tinctness of S. dasypus, E. Meyer, and 8. aggregatum, Jacq.
4. 8. aggregatum (Jacq. Coll. iv. 124); an erect shrub, 4 ft.
high; branches rigid, minutely puberulous, lenticellate; leaves
thinly membranous, ovate to oblong, up to 2 in. long by 14 lin. wide,
glabrous, entire or slightly repand, long cuneate at the base, midrib
alone prominent; petiole up to 9 lin. long; flowers solitary or 2-3
together ; pedicels slender, up to 1 in. long ; calyx campanulate,
3 lin. long ; lobes linear, obtuse, about as long as the tube, 1-nerved ;
corolla widely campanulate, 9 lin. in diam., 5-partite; lobes oblong,
slightly undulate, rather acute, pubescent outside the apex ; stamens
uniform ; filaments 2 lin. long ; anthers oblong, 2 lin. long, dehiscing
by two apical pores; style 4—5 lin. long; stigma small. Te. t. 323;
Drége in Linnea, xx. 203; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 160. S.
monticolum, Dunal, lc. 161. Lycium sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 75, 88. Atropa solanacea, Linn. Mant. Alt. 205;
Thunb. Prodr. 37, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 191.
Sour Arrica: without locality, Sieber! :
Coast Rre1on: Piquetherg Div. ; Piquetberg Range, 1000-2000 ft , Drege,
7865! Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Grey’ Cape Div.; Tuble Mountain,
J00U-2000 ft., Drége, 178! Paarden Island, Thunbery! Uitenhage nh 3 Addo
forest and banks of the Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 503! 3471!
Koernie River near Enon, Baur, 153 ! :
Centkat Region: Graaff Reinet Div.; along the Sunday River, near
Monk-y Ford, Burchell, 2885! near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 51!
5. §. quadrangulare (Thunb. ex Linn. f. Suppl. 147) ; a climbing
4 unarmed shrub; branches quadrangular, pilose, scabrid on the
angles ; leaves ovate, acuminate, entire, glabrous. margins revolute ;
€ymes terminal, or lateral near the apex of the stem, paniculate ;
pedicels 47 lin. long, glabrous; calyx 1 lin. long; lobes ovate,
entire or lobed, margins pubescent; corolla blue (Thunberg), 5-6-
partite, 4-5 lin. in diam. ; lobes oblong, pubescent outside near the
apex ; filaments slender; anthers 13 lin. long, oblong, obtuse,
92 SOLANACEZ (Wright). [ Solanum.
dehiseing by longitudinal slits; style curved, slightly longer than
the stamens. Thunb. Prodr. 36; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 188; Willd,
Sp. Pl. i. 1032; Dunal, Syn. Sol. 13; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 111, and in Linnea, xx. 203; DC. Prod. xiii. i. 77,
incl. vars. integrifolium, Dunal, and sinuato-angulatum, Dunal.
Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Zekoe Valley and Hout Bay, Thunberg ! between
Cape Town and Stellenbosch, under 500 ft., Dréye’ Diep River near Muizenberg,
100 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1930! by the railway at Muizenberg,
Wolley Dod, 1018! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Thunberg / Uiten-
hage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 3472; by Van Stadens
River, in the forest near the ford, Burchell, 4668! and without precise locality,
Zeyher, 75! Port Elizabeth Div.; Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4375! near the
blockhouse, Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4342! at Krakakamma, Burchell, 4534!
at Cape Recife, Burchell, 4389!
6. 8. exasperatum (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 158); a shrub; stem rough ; branches slightly angular,
very rough, pilose towards the apex, blackish, “rough and _ pilose
with very numerous woody, usually hair-bearing, unequal poly-
morphic glands’; leaves obovate, tapering into the petiole, 15-14 in.
long (including the petiole), 9-11 lin. wide, obsoletely erose-toothed,
slightly revolute at the margins, thick, obtuse or rather acute,
emarginate or mucronate, intense green above, paler beneath ; midrib
rather prominent ; petioles pubescent, rather rough, 2—4 lin. long,
rounded on the back, channelled on the face; eymes terminal, sub-
umbellate, 5-7-flowered; peduncles pilose; pedicels 2-3 lin. long,
thickened towards the apex, angular, glabrous ; calyx glabrous, rather
shiny, hemispherical, 1j-11 lin. in diam., 5-toothed; teeth acute,
mucronate ; mucro white-villous ; corolla 3-4 lin, in diam., deeply
5-lobed ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, villous-ciliate on the margins ;
stamens uniform ; anthers orange-yellow, dark purple at the middle
outside, connivent, thick, scarcely 1 Jin. long, with 2 oblique apical —
pores ; style longer than the stamens; stigma bifid, thick. Dunal
in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 104. . Seca
EasterRN ReoGion: Natal; between Umkomanzi Ri ae
Drége, 1838 (ex Duna). i River and Umlazi River, —
Ve 7. 8. Aggerum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 103); branches
woody, scarcely angled, subterete, bearing minute glands, dull
greenish-brown, covered with scars; branchlets herbaceous, winged —
at the angles, glabrous, green ; leaves ovate, ovate-elliptic or ovate-
lanceolate, repand-undulate, obtuse or subacute, unequal and sub-
cordate or acute at the base, but always tapering into the petiole,
glabrous on both surfaces, 8-16 lin. long, 7-9 lin, wide, green above,
paler beneath; primary veins 3-4 pairs, as well as the midrib dark
purple and rather prominent beneath; petiole winged, channelled —
atove, gibbous at the base, green, usually coloured, 2-4 lin. long;
cymes corymbose or racemose, terminal, entirely glabrous, 12 in.
long; peduncle 7-8 lin. long; pedicels capillary, curved slightly :
thickened at the apex, articulated at the base, 3-4 lin. long ; flowers —
Solanum.| SOLANACER (Wright). 93
numerous, congested, small; calyx shortly campanulate, 21 lin. in
diam., 5-fid; lobes ovate, cuspidate, searious on the margins ;
corolla 3-4 times larger than the calyx, 5-6 lin. in diam., deeply
5-lobed; lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, undulate; stamens 5,
uniform, half as long as the corolla; anthers yellow, connivent, with
lateral slits; style coloured, longer than the stamens, thickened
and slightly curved above; stigma small, 2-lobed; ovary ovoid-
globose, glabrous. S. quadrangulure, Thunb. in Krauss, Exsice, 39,
not elsewhere; ex Dunal, /.c.
Coast Reeton: Knysna Div.; Zitzikamma, om sandy mounds, Krauss, 39 and
1841 (ex Dunad).
8. S. crassifolium (Lam. IIl. ii. 16); stem 1 ft. high, shrubby,
somewhat sarmentose, rugose, fusco-cinereous ; branches slightly
angular above, terete below, Jong, tough, villous, greenish; leaves
ovate, entire or sinuately angled, obtuse or acute, 15-20 lin. long,
8-10 lin. wide, thick, softly pilose on both sides; petiole short;
cymes paniculate, subdichotomous, terminal ; pedicels subcernuous ;
calyx 5-fid ; corolla 5-partite ; lobes ovate, straight ; anthers linear-
oval, saffron, dehiscing laterally. Dunal in DC. Prod. xii. i. 77.
S. Dulcamara, var. B, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 264. Witheringia
crassifolia, Dunal, Syn. Sol. 2; Hist. Sol. 108. 8S. duleamarum
africanum foliis crassis hirsutis, Dill. Hort. Elth, t. 273.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Grey!
Coast Reeton: Stellenbosch Div. ; in Hottentots Holland, near the sea-
shore, Rogers ! and in Herb. Banks (ex Dunal).
9. S. geniculatum (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
tee 156, 157, name only); a climbing shrub; branches
glabrous, pale green, obscurely winged and sometimes geniculate :
leaves ovate, obtuse, up to 2 in. by 12 in., cuneate at the base, quite
glabrous, margins revolute, slightly undulate; lateral nerves 3-4
pairs ; petiole up to 9 lin. long; cymes corymbose, terminal, solitary
or in pairs, glabrous; peduncle 1} lin. long ; pedicels’ up to 5 lin.
long, thickened at the apex; calyx cup-shaped, } lin. in diam.,
margin white, thickened and ciliate; lobes rounded, mucronate ;
corolla 5 lin. long, white (Saunders), lavender (Wood), mauve
(Galpin), divided nearly to the base; tube funnel-shaped ; lobes Ds
lanceolate-oblong, acute, pubescent on the margins and apex;
stamens uniform; filaments very short; anthers oblong, obtuse,
12 lin. long, yellow, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; style rather
longer than the stamens, glabrous. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. 105.
iv.; i Atherstone
ast Reaton: Albany Div.; in kloofs around Grahamstown, ne,
141 en Geile Div. ; pre fi mouth of Nahoon (Kahoon) River, 25 ft,, Galpin,
2690 !
: one I
CrentraL Reeion: Somerset Div., Bowker! : :
Eastern ReGion : Natal; near the sea, Mrs. Sawnders, 3! Umzimkulu River,
Drége! Lower Lloro, below 500 ft., Wood, 6390! :
—
94 souanace® (Wright), . — [Solanaum.
10. S. bifareum (Hochst, in Flora, 1841, i. Intell. 24); stem
sarmentose, glabrous, smooth; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
shortly acuminate, sparingly pilose, pale green, membranous ; petiole
short ; cymes terminal, many-flowered, umbellate, racemosely arranged ;
calyx cyathiform, 5-fid, more or less glandular ; corolla 5-partite ;
segments oblong, acute, 3-4 times as long as the calyx, tomentose
outside, glabrous within; stamens 5; anthers yellow, dehiseing by
oblique pores near the apex; stigma punctiform; berry small,
globose. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i.77; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C.
352. S. bifurcatum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 98.
Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 559! without precise locality,
Gerrard, 1413! Gerrard & McKen, 502! Cooper, 2813! Zululand; Eshowe,
Mrs, Saunders, 9!
Also in Tropical Aftica.
re 11. 8. giganteum (Jaeq. Coll. iv. 125); a tree, 15 ft. high ; stem
erect, as thick as the arm; branches ashy grey, terete, armed with
short conical broad-based spines; leaves unarmed, lanceolate or
elliptie-lanceolate, acute at both ends, glabrous above, white tomen-
tose beneath, up to 6 in. by 2 in.; veins pinnate, moderately close
see ae
Sour Arrica: without locality, Thom, 629! 630! Pappe!
Coast Region: Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft. Drége ! Knysna
Div.; Ruigte Vallei, under 500 ft., Drege! Humansdorp Div.; in woods at
Essenbosch in Lange Kloof, Thunberg ! between Gamtoos River and Van Stadens —
pith Bolus, 2407! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadensberg Pass, MacOwan, 1460 !
ort Elizabeth Div. ; at and near the Lead-mine, Burchell. 4495 } Albany Div.; —
Perie Bush, Kuntze! near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan, 1460! Howisons
Foarts Seas A win inane precise locality, Zeyher, 903! i :
STER EGION: Pon : ive
iver, 1000-8000 te a 3 between Umtata River and St. Johns
Al,o in Tropical Africa and Tropical Asia.
12. 8. auriculatum (Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1
deh 15 ft. high; branches, inflorescence,
eay
, i. 246); an unarmed —
. petiole and underside of |
es densely covered with stellate floccose tomentum ; leaves ovate
Solanum.] SOLANACEE (Wright). : 95
or ovate oblong, 9 in. by 32 in., velvety with stellate hairs on the
upper surface, acuminate, cuneate at the base; petiole 11 in. long;
young axillary leaves semicircular, recurved and resembling stipules ;
inflorescence terminal, corymbose; peduncle 4 in. long; calyx-tube
campanulate, 1} lin. long; lobes triangular, obtuse, 1 lin. long;
corolla violet, glabrous inside, 6 lin. in diam. ; tube 1 lin. long;
lobes triangular, acute ; filaments very short; anthers 1 lin. long,
oblong, obtuse, dehiscing by two oblique apical pores ; ovary densely
clothed with straight simple hairs; style much overtopping the
stamens, clavate at the apex; fruit globose, 8 lin. in diam. Dunad,
Sol. Syn. 17, and in DO. Prod. xiii. i. 115; Sendtner in Mart. Fl.
Bras. x. 40; Baker, Fl. Maur. 215; Hemsil. Biol. Amer. Centr.
ii. 405. S. tabacetfolium, Vell. Fl. Flum. ii. t. 89.
EasTteRN Rroion: Natal; edge of bush near Durban, 100 ft., Wood, 119!
128 ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1222!
Also in the Mascarene Islands, and Central and South Tropical America.
fe 13. S. aculeastrum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 366) ; a shrub;
branches terete, densely white stellate tomentose when young,
glabrous and dark brown in age ; spines many, up to 7 lin. long,
curved, very sharp, laterally compre-sed, tomentose at the broad
base ; leaves 31 in. by 21 in., somewhat deltoid in general outline,
irregularly sinuately lobed, more or less spiny on both surfaces,
glabrous and green above, densely pubescent with white stellate
hairs beneath, acute, more or less unequal at the base; peduncle
short ; lowest flower of cyme alone fertile; calyx 5 lin. long, cup-
shaped, stellately tomentose outside, spiny; lobes triangular, acute ;
corolla deeply 5-partite, stellately tomentose outside, more sparingly
so inside ; lobes oblong, 8 lin. by 3 lin. ; filaments short; anthers
oblong-lanceolate, 3 lin. long, with 2 small apical pores ; style 5 lin.
long, sulcate ; berry globose, smooth, 1} in. in diam. S. sodomeum,
Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 147, not of Linn.
: iv.; Newlands, near Cape Town, Bolus, 4754! Wolley
Ptr by Kloof ki ee alae bege er Cape toe Wilms, 3456! Ronde-
bosch, Barkly! George Div.; entrance to Montagu Pass, Lady Barkly ! and
without precise locality, Frikat/ Komgha Div. ; margins of woods near Komgha,
2000 ft., Flanagan, 1290! 4
EASTERN ieee: Tembuland; between Bashee River and Morley, 1000-
2000 ft., Drége!
Also in Tropical Africa.
14. §. supinum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 289); stem woody ;
ranches terete, with scattered stellate hairs when young; spines on
stem and leaves straight, subulate from a broad base, up to 4 lin.
long; leaves 2 in. by 14 in., deeply sinuately and obtusely lobed,
with scattered stellate hairs on both surfaces ; petiole short ; flowers
solitary ; peduncles short, thick, erect In flower, cernuous in fruit ;
calyx shortly campanulate, 2 lin, in diam., spiny and stellately hairy
outside, enlarging in fruit; lobes ovate-triangular, acute; corolla
96 SOLANACEE (Wright). [ Solanum,
ochraceous, 3-4 lin. in diam.; lobes ovate, acuminate, acute, hirsute
outside, glabrous inside; filaments very short ; anthers 1; lin. long,
oblong, obtuse, with 2 minute terminal pores; ovary globose,
stellately hairy; style 14 lin. long, straight, filiform, hairy at the
base ; berry globose, 7 lin. in diam., glabrous. S. sp., Drege, Zwet
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 48.
Coast Regton: Queenstown Div. ; between Table Mountain and Zwartkei
River, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 7861a !
CrentRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; in fields at the foot of Bosch Berg,
2500 ft., MacOwan, 1606! Graaff Reinet Div.; on hills near Graaff Reinet,
2600 ft., Bolus, 1971! :
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; hills near the Orange River,
Burke! Griqualand West; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1928! 1941!
7 15, S. rigescens (Jacq. Hort. Schenbr. i. 19, t. 42); stem shrubby,
< 2 ft. high, erect, terete; spines 2 lin. long, subulate from a broad
base ; branches stellately hairy when young; leaves ovate in general
outline, sinuately 5-7-lobed, with stellate hairs on both surfaces,
those on the upper having one ray much longer than the rest, spiny
on the chief nerves, unequal at the base, 3 in. by 2 in.; lobes entire,
obtuse; cymes racemose, few-flowered; cealyx-tube cup-shaped;
lobes linear, 2 lin. long; corolla violet or deep purple, 10 lin, in
diam., widely campanulate, hairy outside and on the midrib inside ;
lobes broadly triangular, 3} lin. long; filaments short; anthers
3 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, with 2 small terminal pores; style
6 lin. long, thickened and curved upwards; fruit 6 lin. in diam.;
globose, black or reddish, smooth. Drege in Linnea, xx. 203;
Dunal in DC. Prod, xiii. i. 301 (inel. var. nanum). 8. rubetorum,
“Crag le. 304. 8. sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente,
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Krebs (ex Dwnal).
Coast REGION: Knysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Pappe! Uitenhage Div.;
Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 3469! Enon, 400 ft., Bawr, 1026! Albany
Div. ; near Grabamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan, 883! and without precise locality,
Cooper, 1560! Fort Beanfort Div., Cooper, 483! Queenstown Div. ; Finchams
Nek, 4300 ft., Galpin, 2552! East London Div.; plains near Cove Rock, 50 ft.,
oar 3175! British Kaffraria; without precise locality, Baur! Cooper,
CentraL Recion: Somerset Div. ; between the Zuurberg Range and Klein
Bruinjtes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Drége 7858! on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3218!
Somerset East, 3000 ft., Mac wan, 3a3 T Bowker! Fraserburg Div. ; between
Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein, Burchell, 1416! S
Katanani Region : Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1016 !
16. S. sodomeum, var. Hermanni (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i.
366) ; suffruticose; branches stellately pilose; spines up to 6 lin. —
/ long, subulate, straight ; leaves deeply and sinuately lobed, 3} in.
by 2} in., with scattered stellate hairs on both surfaces, spiny on the
nerves ; lobes rounded; petiole 1 in. long, spiny ; flowers solitary or
few together; calyx campanulate, densely (or sometimes sparingly) —
spiny outside ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, slightly scarious on the —
margins ; corolla violet, plicate, 1 in. in diam. ; lobes broadly ovate, —
Sol anum. | SOLANACER (Wright). 97
cuspidate ; stamens shorter than the corolla ; anthers oblong, with
2 small apical pores; ovary globose, glabrous ; style nearly straight,
thickened at the base; stigma nearly hemispherical ; fruit globose,
1} in. in diam., at first green variegated with white, finally yellow.
S. astrophorum, Jan ex Dunal, lec. S. sodomeum, Drége in
se: xx. 203. S. sp. Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
04.
Coast Rzeion : Cape Div. ; Lion Mountain, under 500 ft., Drége, 7862 (ex
Dunal) ; Uitenhage Div. ; Valley of the Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft. Zeyher,
3466. Bathurst Div. ; Port Alfred, 50 ft., Galpin, 2954! Fort Beaufort Div.,
Cooper, 483! East London Div.; river bank near Cove Rock, 50 ft., Galpin,
3176!
CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div. ; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3238!
The type is a native of Europe.
/ 17. S. aculeatissimum (Jacq. Coll. i. 100); a subshrub, 2-3 ft.
h
igh, bearing numerous long straight subulate spines on all its
parts ; branches pilose when young; leaves ovate-oblong, more or
less cordate at the base, up to 4 in. long and nearly as wide,
irregularly lobed, pilose on both surfaces ; lobes acute, usually
toothed or sinuate ; petiole up to 2 in. long ; cymes racemose, few-'
flowered ; calyx cupular; lobes 5, narrowly lanceolate ; corolla 9 lin.
in diam., white ; lobes lanceolate, acute; filaments very short ;
anthers lanccolate-oblong, 3 lin. long, with 2 small terminal pores ;
style 5 lin. long; fruit globose, smooth, 1 in. in diam., orange-red.
Ic. t. 41; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 128, 146 ; Griseb.
Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 442 ; Sendtner in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 59 ; Dunal in
DC. Prod. xiii. i. 244; A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. ii. 230; Hook.
J. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 237; Hemsl. Biol. Amer. Centr. ii. 404, S.
ciliatum, Lam. Ill.ii. 21. S. myriacanthum, Dunal, Hist. Sol. 218, t. 19.
Soe Tl
Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, under 1000 fc., Drége!
Centrat REGIoN: Somerset Div.; on Bosch Berg, 2500 ft. MacOwan!
Burchell, 3239 ! : .
Katanart Reeron: Orange River Colony ; Moordrai, near Van Reenan’s
! without precise locality, Cooper, 1026 ! :
Bir yeeaaig la : sesh hetwesil Callan (Gcua) River gna Beshoe River,
1000-2000 ft., Drege! Natal; near Durban, 50 ft., Wood, 5718! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 1147! MacOwan !
Also in the Southern United States, Central and Tropical South America, the
West Indies, Tropical Africa, and Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.
18. §. ferrugineum (Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. iti. 46, t. 334); an
erect shrub, bet high ; stem terete, 1 in. thick, unarmed ri
spiny above; younger branches rusty tomentose; leaves ningebe
lobed, acute, about 6 by 4 in., obtuse or subcordate at the ,
stellately hairy and spiny on both surfaces; cymes SW many-
flowered, lowest flower only fertile; calyx campanulate, 3 jin. in
diam. ; lobes ‘deltoid, acute; corolla white, 1 in. in diam. ; “ya
spreading, ovate, obtuse; filaments short ; anthers Ss “se
long, dehiscing by small apical pores ; style slightly longer thaa the
stamens ; fruit globose, glabrous, black, 6 lin. in diam.
VOL, I1V.—SECT. II.
H
98 SoLANACER (Wright). [Solanum.
EasTERN REGion: Natal; near Durban, under 500 ft., Drege, Berea, near
Durban, Cooper, 1272! 1273! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 295!
19. S. duplosinuatum (Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot.
233); suffraticose ; stem covered with stellate hairs and straight
spines 3 lin. long; leaves subsessile, bi- to tri-pinnatifid, 8 in. long,
5 in. broad, with straight spines 6 lin. long on both surfaces of the
principal veins, upper surface with simple straight hairs, under
surface with stellate hairs ; cymes racemose, few-flowered ; flowers
5-merous; calyx campanulate, spiny, clothed with long-rayed
stellate hairs; lobes lanceolate-subulate; corolla mauve, broadly
eampanulate, 16-18 lin. in diam.; filaments very short ; anthers
3 lin. long, oblong, attenuate, and with 2 small pores at the ApeX ;
ovary globose ; style as long as the stamens ; fruit globose, 1} in. in
diam., ‘“‘white in the upper third, green at the base, with many
green branching lines from base to apex” (Wood). Engl. Pfl. Ost-
Afr. C. 354; Wood, Natal PI. i. 39, t. 49. S. Farint, Dammann in
Wien. Ill. Gartz. 1896, 405, fig. 59.
EasteRN Region: Natal; Berea, near Durban, Cooper, 1274! and without
precise locality, Gerrard, 294!
Also in Tropical Africa, Berries used as a remedy for ringworm (Wood).
20. 8. acanthoidenm (EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 159) ; branches herbaceous? brown, hirsute with stellate
hairs; spines few, scarcely 1 lin. long, subulate, straight, acute,
yellowish-brown, polished ; leaves sinuately pinnatifid, the lobes —
gradually decreasing in size downwards, 7-8 in. long, 5-6 lin. wide,
tapering into the petiole, green and hirsute with adpressed simple
gland-based hairs above, pale reddish and hirsute with adpressed
stellate hairs beneath, bearing straight subulate compressed yellow
spines 3-4 lin. long on both sides ; petiole 5-7 lin. long, subterete, —
stellately hirsute, spiny ; cymes racemose, few-flowered, stellately
hirsute; upper flowers sterile; calyx cup-shaped, stellately pilose,
spiny, accrescent; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute; berry globose, 1 in.
in diam., yellow ; seeds obovoid-elliptic, scrobiculate, subcompressed,
14 lin. long, pale chestnut. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 364.
Eastern Reeton: Natal ; in woods and forests near Durban, Drége, 4862.
The corolla of this species has not been described, but its other characters
much resemble those of 8. duplosinuatum, Klotzsch.
21. S. didymanthum, var. pluriflorum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii.
/ i. 290); branches minutely glandular verrucose; spines few, conical,
3-1 lin. long, dull brown; leaves up to 31 in. by 24 in., ovate-
lanceolate, acute at both ends, sinuately 5-7-lobed; lobes acute,
stellately hairy on both surfaces, more densely so beneath ; cymes
at length racemose, 4—8-flowered ; pedicels 6 lin. long, thickened
upwards, stellately hairy; calyx 5-partite, stellately hairy ; lobes
lanceolate, long cuspidate, 2 lin. long; corolla 5-9 lin. in diam.,
plicate, hairy outside; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, pink (Wood) ;
Solanum. ] SOLANACEX (Wright), 99
stamens 5 ; filaments 3 lin. long ; anthers 3 lin. long, oblong-litiear,
with two small apical pores; style much longer than the stamens,
curved at the apex, stellately hairy below; berry glabrous, fuseous.
S. geminiflorum, EH, Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 158, not of Mart. § Gal. S. chenopodioides, Krauss ex Dunal,
Le., not of Lam.
Var 8, spinosa (C. H. Wright); leaves bearing straight subulate spines 3 lin.
long on both surfaces of the midrib. ;
Eastern Reeion: Natal; borders of woods near Umlazi River, Krauss,
173! Umlazi River, under 500 ft., Dréye! Inanda, Wood, 1623! Var. B, Natal;
without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders !
I have seen no specimens with as few as 2 flowers, which Dunal (l.¢.) gives as a
character of his §. didymanthwm. Dunal founded his species upon S. gemint-
florum, EB. Meyer, the Kew specimen of which has a 5-flowered inflorescence.
7 22. S. pandureforme (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 147); a much-branched shrub; spines few or many,
short, subulate from a broad base; branches terete, densely stellateiy
pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate, sinuate, 23 in. by 1 in.,
stellately pubescent on both surfaces, sometimes spiny on the under-
side of the midrib, acute, tapering to the base ; petiole 6 lin. long;
cymes racemose, the lowest flower alone fertile; calyx 3 lin. long,
5-toothed or deeply 5-lobed (sometimes on the same plant), stellately
pubescent outside; lobes obtuse; corolla 1 in. in diam., pink
(Wood), 5-partite, stellately pubeseent outside; lobes oblong-
lanceolate, acute, hairy on the midrib inside; stamens 5; filaments
very short; anthers 21 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, with 2 small
apical pores ; ovary ovoid, hirsute at the apex ; style 5 lin, long,
thickened upwards, stellately hairy at the base; fruit 9 lin. in diam.,
globose, smooth, yellow. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 370. 58.
delagoense, Dunal, l.c. 349.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1258! :
Katanari ReGion: Griqualand West; banks of the Vaal and Harts River,
Holub ! Orange River Colony; Modder (Muddy) River, Burke / Bechuanaland ;
Barolong Territory, Holub! Transvaal; Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann,
4128! 4129! Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Giljillan in
Herb. Galpin, 6056! 6239! by Kaup River, near Barberton, 1200 ft., Bolus,
9714! Magalies Berg, Burke! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1019! ee
Eastern Reoron : Transkei; near Bashee River, under 1000 ft., Drige!
Kreilis Country, Bowker ! Tembuland; Cenduli, near Bazeia, Baur, 749!
Griqualand East; Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2133! and in MacOwan and
Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr. 1218! Natal; Umlaas (Umlazi) River, 506
Wood, 1831! between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2166! near
Durban, Krauss, 102! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 52! Delagoa Bay,
Forbes !
Also in Tropical Africa.
23. S. Melongena (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 186); a robust herb or
almost shrub, spiny, more rarely unarmed; branches terete, usually
dark purple, clothed with sessile stellate hairs ; leaves ovate, repand
or sinuate, acuminate, unequal ee base, 6-9 in. long, 3-5 in.
H
100 SOLANACEA: (Wright). [ Solanum,
wide, with stellate tomentum on both surfaces, unarmed, rarely
spiny ; petiole long, spiny; flowers solitary, or few in a cyme with
one only fertile, 5—-9-merous; calyx often spiny, 4 lin. in diam.,
enlarging in fruit; lobes unequal, linear-lanceolate ; corolla violet-
purple, 1-12 in. in diam., with stellate bairs on both sides; lobes
4-5 lin. long, triangular, acute ; filaments short; anthers 3-4 lin.
long, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, with 2 small apical pores ; style
2-3 lin. long, slightly curved, stellately hairy at the base; berry
oblong or slightly enlarged above, 6 in. long, blackish-purple ;
placentas fleshy. Nees in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 48; Sendtn. in
Mart. Fl. Bras. x.77 ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 235 partly ; Duthte,
Field § Gard. Crops, iii, 31, t. 95. 8S. insanum, Linn. Mant. AG ;
Thunb. Prodr. 36, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 189; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.
1037. 8S. esculentum, Dunal, Hist. Solan. 208, t. 3, fig. E, and in
DO. Prod. xiii. i. 355. S. melanocarpum, Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii.
i. 355.
Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; on hills near Cape Town, Thunberg.
Cultivated or naturalized throughout the tropics, introduced in South
Africa. There is no specimen of S. insanum, Linn., in Thanberg’s herbarium.
ve 24. S. tomentosum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 188, ed. 2, 269); a shrub
12 ft. high, densely clotbed in all its parts with yellowish stellate
hairs ; branches terete ; spines 1-2 lin. long, subulate, straight or
very slightly curved; leaves ovate, sinuate, more rarely entire,
obtuse, unequal and rounded or cordate at the base, 1-3 in. long,
3-2 in. broad, unarmed or with a few spines on the midrib; eymes
umbellate, few-flowered; peduncle short; pedicels thickened up-
wards; calyx 3 lin. in diam., spiny outside; tube campanulate ;
lobes unequal, oblong, obtuse; corolla deep purple (Galpin), blue
(Dunal), 6 lin. in diam.; lobes ovate, aeute; filaments short ;
anthers 1} lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with 2 small apical pores; style
straight, filiform, hairy below, longer than the stamens ; truit globose,
up to 9 lin. in diam., at first stellately hairy, finally glabrous.
Thunb. Prodr. 36, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 189 ; Drége, Zwei Pflan-
zengeogr. Documente, 62, 64, 93, 124, and in Linnea, xx. 203 (inel.
var, macrophyllum, Nees); Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 299.
Var. 8, Burchellii (C. H. Wright); leaves not so obtuse at the base as in the
type; calyx-lobes oblong-lanceolate, cuspidate ; fruit rather smaller than in the
type. 8. Burchellii, Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 291.
SoutH AFRIcA: without locality, Forster! Forbes! Waldegrave!
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Zekoe Vley, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8500! —
Worcester Diy.; mountains above Worcester, Rehmann, 2465! Paarl Div. ;
Paarl Mountain, Drége! Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Thunberg! Camps Bay,
Burchell, 373! Caledon Div. ? Ezeljagts Poort, Lady Barkly / Swellendam Div. +
Buffeljagts River, Gill! Mossel Bay Div. ; banks of the Gauritz River, Bowte/
Knysna Div.; Ruigte Vallei, under 500 ft., Drége; Humansdorp Div.; Lange
Kloof, mountain sides near the west bank of Wagenbooms River, Burchell,
4903! Uitenhage Div.; valley of Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 458!
3467! Albany Div.; Howisons Poort, near Grahamstown, 2000-3000. ft.,
Zeyher, 3463, Grahamstown, MacOwan! Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 482!
Queenstown Div. ; rocky summits uear Queenstown, 4500 ft., Galpin, 2006! —
Solunum. | SOLANACER (Wright). 101
CENTRAL REGIon: Prince Albert‘ Div. ; Great Zwarte Bergen, near Vrolyk,
3000-4000 ft., Drége! Somerset Div.; at Platte River, Burchell, 2958 !
Beaufort West Div.; Nieuwveld Mountains, near Beaufort West, 3000-5000 ft.,
Drége ! Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Shaw! Var. 8, Calvinia Div.; Brand
Vley, Johanssen, 23! F razerberg Div.; at Dwaal River, Burchell, 1467!
WESTERN HeGion: Little Namaqualand; Orange River near Verleptpram,
under 500 ft , Drége. Var. 8, Great Namaqualand; Ausis, Schenck, 75! Gubub,
Schinz, 871!
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; Orange River, Burke! Var. 8,
Griqualand West; Asbestos Mountains, at the Kloof Village, Burchell, 2045/11
at Klip Fontein, Burchell, 2623 !
Eastern ReGion: Natal; without precise locality, Cooper, 2814! Gerrard,
53!
The locality ‘‘in America Boreali” given in Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 188, is
corrected to ‘‘ in Aithiopia” in ed. 2, 269. ‘
25. S. indicum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 187); shrubby; stem erect,
branched, terete, densely clothed when young with floccose stellate
tomentum ; spines straight; leaves solitary or geminate, ovate or
ovate-oblong, more or less sinuately lobed, acute, 4 in. long, 2 in.
wide; stellate hairs on the upper surface with one ray much longer
than the rest, those on the lower with equal rays ; eymes racemose,
few-flowered ; pedicels thickened upwards; calyx shortly cam-
panulate, densely stellately hairy outside; lobes shortly triangular ;
corolla violet-purple, 6-8 lin. in diam., densely stellate-hairy outside
when young, less so inside ; lobes lanceolate, acute ; filaments short ;
anthers 2 lin. long, lanceolate, with 2 minute terminal pores; style
longer than the anthers; berries globose, 5 lin. in diam., usually
several matured on one eyme, glabrous ; seeds compressed, minutely
pitted, Nees in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 55; Wight Ie. t. 346;
Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 309; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 234.
S. violaceum, Jacq. Fragm. 82, t. 132, fig. 1.
EAsteRN Reeion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 564!
Also in Tropical Africa, Malaya, and India.
> 26. S. incanum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 188); a shrub 3-5 ft. high,
“ with dense stellate tomentum on the branches, petioles, underside of
leaves, and outside of calyx and corolla; branches terete ; spines
few or many, 2 lin. long, curved, broad at the base ; leaves ovate or
ovate-elliptic, sinuate, 5 in. by 2-3 in., obtuse, green and minutely
stellately hairy on the upper surface, unequal at the base, sometimes
spiny on the midrib and nerves; petiole 1} in. long; flowers
solitary or few together (the lower only fertile), cernuous ; pedunele
short ; calyx spiny outside, cup-shaped ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate ;
corolla purple or white, 9-15 lin. in diam. ; lobes ovate, acute ;
filaments very short; anthers 2} lin. long, oblong, with 2 small
apical pores; style longer than the stamens; fruit subglobose, 1} in.
in diam., yellow. S. sanctum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,269. 8S. coagulans,
Forsk. Fl. Zigypt.-Arab. 47; Del. Fl. Egypte, 63, t. 23, Ht. S.
esculentum, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 49, 138, 189,
151, not of Dunal. SS. subexarmatum, Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i.
102 SOLANACEH (Wright). [ Solanum.
367. S. Melongena, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 235 partly, not of
Linn.
Soutn ArricaA: without locality, Zeyher, 1254!
Coast Reeion: Somerset Div.; near Little Fish River and Great Fish
River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége; Bedford Div.; by the Baviaans River, Burke!
Fort Beaufort Div.; Kat River Poort, 2000 ft., Drége, and without precise
locality, Cooper, 478! Queenstown Div. ; Klass Smits River, 4000-4500 ft.
Drége! plains near Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1983!
CENTRAL RecGion: Somerset Hast Div.; near Somerset East, 2800 ft.,
MacOwan, 1642! :
Kavanart Reeion: Orange River Colony ; Bester’s Vlei, near Witzies Hoek,
5300 ft., Bolus, 8219! on hills near the Orange River, Burke! Leeuwe Spruit
and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton ! Bechuanaland; Barolong Territory, Holub!
Transvaal ; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1018! Jeppestown Ridges near Johannes-
burg, 6003 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6055!
EastERN ReGion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 409! Pondoland;
on hills near St. Johns River, under 1000 ft., Drége, in scrub, [snuka, Port
St. John, 50 ft., Galpin, 2869! Natal; Umhlanga, Wood, 1226!
Also in Tropical Africa, Syria, Afghanistan, and Beluchistan.
27. S. capense (Linn. Syst. ed. 10, 935); stem shrubby, terete,
with a few stellate hairs when young, soon glabrescent; spines
2-3 lin. long, sharply recurved, laterally compressed, enlarged at
the base ; leaves 1-2 in. by 8 lin., sinuately pinnatifid, glabrous, with
straight or slightly curved yellow spines on the under (rarely upper)
side of the midrib, unequal at the base ; petiole 8-6 lin. long; cymes
2—3-flowered ; peduncle very short; pedicels 2 lin. long; calyx
campanulate, stellately hairy outside, deeply 5-lobed; lobes lanceo-
late, acuminate, acute; corolla 4 lin. in diam., blue or white,
stellately hairy outside; lobes ovate, acute; filaments very short;
anthers 14 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with 2 small apical pores ; style
longer than the stamens, curved, stellately hairy below; fruit globose,
3-5 lin. in diam., glabrous. Linn. fil. Suppl. 147 ; Thunb. Prodr.
37, Fl. Cap. ed Schult. 190; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoar. Documente,
57, 58, and in Linnea, xx. 203; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 288.
S. Milleri, Jacq. Coll. iv. 209, Ic. t. 330; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr.
Doeumente, 139, 150; Dunal l.c. 286. S. Dregei, Dunal, l.c. 288.
Var. 8, tomentosa (C. H. Wright); stem and under surface of leaves densely
stellately hairy, upper surface of leaves with scattered stellate hairs. S. capense,
Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docwmente, 57.
Sourn Africa: without locality, Forsyth! Harvey!
Coast Reeron: George Div.; Ellens Island, near Dumbletons Lake, Lady
Parkly! Knysna Div.; near the landing-place at Plettenberg Bay, Bowte!
Humansdorp Div.; between Kromme River and Zeekoe River, Thunberg!
Alexandria Div. ; Zwaart, Hoogte, Burke! Albany Div.; Howisons Poort, neat —
Grahamstown, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 901! 3470, near Assegai Bosch and —
Botram, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Fort Beaufort Div. ; Kat River Poort, 2000 ft.,
Drége! and without precise locality, Cooper, 481! Queenstown Div.; Plains
near Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1695! Qamata, Baur, 481! —
CentTRAL REGION: Prince Albert Div. ; Gamka River, Burke! Somerset Div.; —
neai+Somerset Kast, 2800 ft., MacOwan, 1643! Graatf Reinet Div. ; by the Sunday
River, 1¢00-2000 ft., Drége, 7860! Victoria West Div.; Nieuwveld, between
Brak River and Uitvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, near Victoria West, Mrs-
Barber! Var. 8. Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker, 83! Richmond —
Solanum. | SOLANACEH (Wright), 108
Div.; Winterveld, between Niewjaars Fontein and Ezels Fontein, 2000-
4000 ft., Drege !
Katawart Region: Transvaal; Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg,
6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6054! 6054a! 6160! Johannesburg,
Ommanney ! :
EastuRN Reeion : Pondoland; between Umtata River and St. Johns River,
1000-2000 ft., Drége ; Griqualand East; by streams near Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,
Tyson, 3120! Natal; in an ant-bear hole. Mid Illovo, 2200 ft., Wood, 1860!
between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2168! Klip River County,
Wood, 4499!
Dunal (I.c.) describes the corolla as “ ccerulea,” most collectors call it white.
The berries are used by the natives for coagulating milk. (Wood).
28. S. leucopheum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 290); branches
terete below, slightly angled above, more or less tomentose with grey
stellate hairs; spines up to 3 lin. long, subulate, slender, straight or
slightly curved, very acute; leaves obovate-lanceolate, 2 in. long,
@ lin. wide, sinuate-repand, obtuse, acute at the base, with scattered
stellate hairs on both surfaces and spines on the underside of the
midrib ; petiole 2-6 lin. long, spiny; peduncle solitary, 1-flowered,
with grey stellate hairs, spiny, 3-4 lin. long, 7 lin. long in fruit ;
calyx 2-21 lin. in diam., cup-shaped, with grey stellate hairs outside,
spiny ; lobes linear-lanceolate, rather acute; corolla white (Galpin),
6-7 lin. in diam.; lobes ovate, acute, with stellate hairs outside and
along the midribs inside, glabrous elsewhere ; filaments short, com-
planate; anthers 2 lin. long, linear, rather thiek, with 2 small
apical pores; ovary shortly elliptie, glabrous ; style straight, terete,
slightly longer than the stamens; stigma subglobose ; berry yellow,
globose, 9 lin, in diam., smooth. S. sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Docwmente, 47.
Coast Reeion: Cathcart Div.; between Windvogel Mountain and Zwart
Kei River, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 7859! Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, — ft.,
Baur, 939! Plains near Klass Smits River Bridge, 3475 ft., Galpin, 2603!
CentRaL ReGion: Middelburg Div.; Rosmead Junction, 4000 ft., Sim,
5659 !
hk 29. S. coccineum (Jacq. Misc. ii. 329); a shrub 2 ft. high ;
branches terete, with numerous stellate hairs; spines armen
subulate, up to 2 lin. long; leaves ovate, slightly sinuate, o si
unequal and sometimes cordate at the base, 1} in. by 1 in, with
numerous closely adpressed stellate hairs on both surfaces, spiny on
the midrib on both surfaces; petiole up to 9 lin. long; peduncle
short or almost absent, few-flowered ; calyx hairy and spiny outside ;
tube campanulate ; lobes 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute ; corolla mauve,
7-9 lin. in diam. ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate ; filaments very short ;
i i ical pores ; style
anthers 11 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with 2 small apical p >. Sy!
straight, a little longer than the anthers; fruit globose, 4 lin, in
diam., glabrous, red. Jc. t. 43; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. .
S. tomentosum, var. coccineum, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1046.
!
Sours Arrica : without locality, Drége, 7857 !
Coast REGION: Geaies Diezi! between Robertson and Worcester, Lady.
104 SOLANACER (Wright). { Solanum,
Barkly ! Queenstown Div.; Qamata, Baur, 482! plains near Queenstown,
5475 tt., Galpin, 2601! 2602!
Centrat Re@ion: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, Bowker !
Katanari Region: Transvaal; Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg,
Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6240!
30. S. meestum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 284); a spiny shrub ;
branches brownish-red, terete, stellately hairy, seabrid; spines
1-3 lin. long, straight, slightly reflexed, acute, yellowish from a
broad purplish base ; leaves obtusely and sinuately 5-lobed, 1 in. long,
‘5-6 lin. wide, very unequal and obtuse or subacute at the base, green
and rather scabrid with stellate hairs above, hispid with yellowish
stellate hairs beneath, spiny on both surfaces of the midrib; petiole
2-4 lin. long, terete, spiny, stellately tomentose; cymes racemose,
lateral, 4-5-flowered, 14 in. long; pedicels 5-6 lin. long, distant,
thickened upwards, erect in flower, pendulous in fruit; calyx 2-2}
lin. in diam., eyathiform, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes ovate, long acumi-
nate, acute, spiny or unarmed; corolla 5-partite, stellately pilose
outside; lobes oblong, rather obtuse; stamens rather shorter than
the corolla; filaments short, filiform; anthers yellow, oblong,
acuminate, 3-31 lin. long, with 2 apical pores ; ovary ovoid-oblong,
glabrous ; style filiform, straight, 4 lin. long; berry globose-elliptic,
3 lin. long, 22 lin. in diam.
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Drége, 9355.
31. 8. giftbergense (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 288) ; branches
somewhat shining, sparingly stellately hairy; spines numerous,
33-6 lin. long, straight, subulate from a dilated base, glabrous,
yellow or reddish ; leaves ovate, sinuately and obtusely lobed, obtuse,
unequal and slightly rounded or acute at the base, with scattered
stellate hairs on both surfaces and straight spines on the chief nerves;
petiole 1-2 lin. long; peduncles 2-4 lin. long, usually solitary,
1- (rarely 2-) flowered, stellately tomentose, spiny ; calyx 2 lin. in
diam., subeyathiform, 5-partite, spiny on the tube; lobes ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, acute, unarmed; corolla ochraceous, 5 lin.
long, 5-fid, stellately tomentose outside and on the midribs inside,
glabrous elsewhere ; lobes ovate, acute; stamens 5, inserted at the
top of the corolla-tube; filaments short, filiform; anthers ovate-
linear, chestnut-brown, yel'ow and with 2 pores at the apex; ovary
globose, stellately hairy, umbilicate after the tall of the style; style
filiform, slightly thickened above, 3-31 lin. long, erect or nearly 80,
with white stellate hairs at the base, longer than the stamens, —
recurved at the apex.
Coast Rzcion : Gift Berg in Vanrhynsdorp Div. or Drakenstein Mountains in
Worcester Div. (ex Dunal), Drége, 7863! .
This plant is not mentioned in Drége’s Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente.
Imperfectly known species.
32. 8. Lichtensteinii (Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 238); a —
climbing shrub; stem spiny; leaves oblong, cordate, sinuately
Solanum. ] SOLANACEH (Wright), 105
angled, tomentose, green above, whitish beneath, 4 in. long in the
young plant, spiny on both surfaces of the midrib ; inflorescence
unknown. Dunal, Syn. Sol. 38, and in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 375.
SoutH AFRica : interior regions, without precise locality, Lichtenstein !
33. 8. longipes (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 85); a shrub;
branches dichotomous; leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate or ovate-
oblong, entire or subrepand, attenuate at the base, 2-3 in, long
(including the 5-7 lin. long petiole), 10-14 lin. wide, obtuse or
acute, glabrous, rather thick ; racemes erect, 3} in. long, glabrous ;
peduncle naked, 13-2 in. long, dichotomous; pedicels thickened at
the apex, 4 lin. long in flower, 6-7 lin. long in fruit; ealyx cyathi-
form, 11 lin. long, 5-fid; lobes obtuse, subrotundate or ovate;
corolla 3 times the size of the calyx, 5-partite ; lobes lanceolate-
obiong, pubescent on the margin and apex ; anthers equal, slits first
terminal, at length oblique, brown on the back, yellow on the face :
style straight, longer than the stamens; berry ovate-globose, 4 lin.
long, 23-3 lin. wide. S. rubrum, a, Drége, ex Duna, l.c., not of
Mill.
Coast Rxcion: Cape Div.? between Cape Town and Stellenbosch,
Drége !
Some of the statements in Dunal’s diagnosis do not agree with those in his
description.
34. S. mammosum (Thunb. Prodr. 36) ; whole plant villous; stem
herbaceous; spines usually numerous, unequal, yellowish ; leaves
subcordate, oblong, with angular toothed lobes and rounded sinuses,
erect, 5 in. long, armed with long yellow spines on both surfaces of
the nerves ; petiole 2 in. long, armed with long spines; peduncles
capillary, 1-flowered, usually 3 together, 1 in. long, spiny; calyx
shaggy, spiny; corolla blueish-purple. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 189.
Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; near the Buffeljagts River, among trees
near the Company’s Post, Thunberg.
It is doubtful whether this is the same as S. mammoswm, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I,
187, which is common in the warmer parts of America. No specimen of it was
found in Thunberg’s herbarium in 1833,
see ee
berry scarlet, about 5 lin. in diam.
Eastern Region: Natal ; Glencoe, Kuntze.
Il, PHYSALIS, Linn.
or to the middle 5-lobed,
idal, shortl
Calyx campanulate or pyramidal, y 5-angled or prominently
enlarged in fruit, inflated, membranous,
106 SOLANACEE (Wright). | Physalis.
10-ribbed, often 5-auricled at the base; teeth conniving. Corolla
subrotate or very widely campanulate, 5-angled, or shortly and
widely 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted near the corolla-base ; filaments
filiform; anthers erect, usually shorter than the anthers; cells —
parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform ;
stigma shortly 2-lobed ; ovules numerous. Berry globose, enclosed
in and much smaller than the inflated ealyx. Seeds many or few,
smooth or slenderly tuberculate-rugose, compressed; embryo near
the margin, curved ; cotyledons semiterete.
Annual or perennial herbs, clothed with simple or stellate hairs; leaves entre,
sinuate or more rarely pinnatifid; flowers small, solitary, axillary, pedicellate,
violet, yellow or white, often purple at the base.
DisrRis. Species about 30, chiefly in the warmer parts of America.
Corolla 9 lin. in diam., yellow with a purple base ... (1) peruviana,
Corolla 24 lin. in diam., entirely yellow or white ... (2%) minima,
f i& P. peruviana (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1670); herbaceous or
/ suffruticose from a perennial rootstock; stem, leaves and outside of
calyx clothed with white simple hairs ; stem erect, branched, sulcate
when dry; leaves cordate, acuminate, entire or irregularly dentate-
sinnate, 3-4 in. long, 25-3 in. wide; petiole up to 23 in. long;
flowers solitary on cernuous peduncles 4 lin. long, arising just outside
the leaf-axils ; calyx in flower 6 lin. in diam., campanulate with 5
lanceolate acute lobes 3 lin. long, in fruit shortly ovoid, acuminate,
1; in. long, 14 in. in diam. ; corolla 9 lin. in diam., rotate-campanu- —
late, slightly 5-lobed, pale yellow, with 5 large dark purple spots at
the base of the lobes; stamens inserted near the corolla-base ;
filaments filiform, 2 lin. long; anthers oblong, obtuse, 1 Jin. long,
dehiscing longitudinally ; ovary globose; style cylindrical, 4 lin.
long; stigma subcapitate; berry globose, 6 lin. in diam., glabrous.
Dinal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 440; Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2,
257; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 466; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 238.
P. tomentosa, Medic. Act. Acad. Theod. Palat. iv. Phys. (1780) 184,
t. 4, not of Thunb. nor Walt. BP. incana, Hort. Par. ex Dunal Lc.
P. edulis, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1068. P. pubescens, Drege, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Doc. 88, not of Linn,
South Arrica: without locality, Sigber, 258! Mund! Thom, 318! Gill!
Coast Region : Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 2: 00-3000 tt., Drége! Ronde-
bosch, Pappet Knysna Div.; in the forest by the quarry, near Melville,
Burchell, 5420! :
Katawart ReGion: Basutoland. Cooper, 710! Transvaal; Matebe Valley,
Holub! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1013! near Pretoria, Kirk, 32!
IT have not seen the specimen referred by Drége (I.c. 131) to P. pubescens, —
Liun., which he collected ut Addo, in Uitenhage Div. It may also belong to
P. peruviana, Linn. Probably this species originally came from South America,
but is now spread throughout the tropics and extends to Australia, Harvey (I.c.)
states that it is naturalized in South Africa, and is called the ‘* Cape Gooseberry.”
7 2. P. minima (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 183); a much branched herb,
sparingly villous ; stems suleate when dry ; leaves ovate, acuminate, —
Physalis.] soLanacem (Wright). 107
rounded or shortly cuneate at the base, entire or sinuate-dentate,
1}, in, long, 9 lin. wide; petiole slender, 4 lin. long; flowers
solitary ; pedicels slender, inserted by the side of the petiole; calyx-
tube campanulate, # lin. long, enlarging in fruit to 6 lin. in diam. and
becoming glabrous; lobes lanceolate, acute, 1 lin. long; corolla
narrowly campanulate, yellow (white, Wood), not spotted, 3 lin.
long, 24 lin. wide, shortly 5-lobed ; filaments 12 lin. long, filiform ;
anthers oblong, $ lin. long; ovary globose; style 11 lin. long,
slightly thickened upwards; stigma subcapitate; berry globose,
3 lin. in diam., smooth. Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
158; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 445; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 466;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 238. P. parviflora, R. Br. Prodr. 447.
P. Hermanni, Dunal, lc. 444; Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2,
257.
SournH AFrica: withont locality, Forster!
EAasterN ReGion: Natal; Umlazi River Heights, under 500 ft., Drége! in
a valley at Umhlanga, 300-400 ft., Wood, 6352! and without precise Tocality,
Gerrard, 1415!
Also in Tropical Asia and Australia.
TIl. WITHANIA, Pauq.
Calyx campanulate, 5-6-toothed, enlarged and inflated in fruit.
Corolla narrowly campanulate, 3-6-fid; lobes valvate. Stamens
inserted near the corolla-base ; filaments slightly flattened ; anthers
erect ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Disk annular, erenu-
late or 0. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform ; stigma shortly and widely
2-lamellate; ovules many. Berry globose, shorter than the enlarged
calyx. Seeds compressed ; embryo near the margin, and incurved or
spiral ; cotyledons semiterete.
Hoary shrubs, loosely tomentose, woolly or glabrescent ; leaves quite entire ;
flowers usually fascicled, subsessile or shortly pedicellate, medium-sized. 3
DistriB. Species about 4, extending from Southern Europe and Western Asia
through North and Tropical Africa and the Canary Islands,
wa 1. W. somnifera (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 453, inel. vars.) ;
a
n erect much-branched shrub, 3-4 ft, high ; stem terete, tomentose ;
leaves ovate, obovate or oblong, obtuse, tapering towards the base,
entire or very slightly sinuate, variable in size, averaging 27 by 1 in.,
more or less tomentose on both surfaces; petiole 6 lin. long, tomen-
tose, channelled above; flowers 4-6 in axillary fascicles ; pedicels
2 lin. long in flower, elongating afterwards; calyx 1 lin. in diam:,
campanulate, densely tomentose outside ; lobes 5, cans :
corolla 22 lin. long, divided nearly to the middle into 5 triangular
lobes ; filaments inserted near the corolla-base, 1} lin. long, filiform ;
anthers oval, 3 lin. long; ovary ovoid, glabrous ; style shorter than
the stamens; berry globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam., enclosed in the
108 SOLANACE® (Wright). [ Withania,
much inflated calyx; seeds compressed. Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 287;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 239; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ti. 229.
W.? arborescens, Dunal, l.c. 455. Physalis somnifera, Linn. Sp.
Pl. ed. 1, 182; Sibth. Fl. Gr. t. 233; var. communis, Nees im
Linnea, vi. 455; Drege in Linnea, xx. 203; var. flecuosa, Nees,
lc. 454; Wight, Ic. t. 853. P. tomentosa, Thunb. Prodr. 37, and
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 191; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 58,
59, 134,139. P. arborescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 261; Thunb.
Prodr. 37, and Fl. Cap, ed. Schult. 190; Nees in Linnea, vi. 456.
Hypnoticum somniferum, Rodrig. ex Dunal, l.c. 453.
Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; Lion Mountain, Burchell, 106! Ecklon, 635!
gravel-pit below Lion Battery, Wolley Dod, 3395! Swellendam Div.; between
Swellendam and Breede River, Burchell, 7451! Oudtshoorn Div.; near Slang
River, Thunberg ! Uitenhage Div. ; Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 3465,
495! Enon, under 1000 ft., Drége! Sam Tees Viakte, near Enon, Bawr, 154!
Alexandria Div. ? between Fish River and Sunday River Thunberg! Albany
Div.; near Boschmans River and Geelhoutboom, under 1000 ft., Drége! Peddie
Div. ; Fredricksburg, Gill!
CENTRAL Recion : Somerset Diy.; near the Fish River, Burke! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 525! Fraserburg Div. ; Nieuwveld, between Zak River
Poort and Leeuwen Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége ? Beaufort West Div. ; between
Rhenoster Kop and Ganze Fontein, 3500-4500 ft., Drége; Graaff Reinet Div. ;
amongst shrubs on the Sneeuwberg Range, 3800 ft., Bolus, 1963! Aliwal North
Div.; Aliwal North, Kuntze.
WESTERN REGION: Great Namaqualand; Tiras, Schinz, 862!
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West; plain at the foot of the Asbestos
Mountains, between Kloof Village and Witte Water, Burchell, 2069! at Griqua
Town, Burchell, 1923! Transvaal; Wonderboom Poort, Rehmann, 4525!
Libombo Mountains, Wilms, 1015!
Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 597! Natal; near
the Umlazi River, Krauss, 150! on sandy hills near Durban, Wood, 1761!
Krantz Kloof, near Ladysmith, Kuntze, and without precise locality, Gueinzius !
Cooper, 1185! 2811! Gerrard, 51!
Also in the drier subtropical parts of India, Arabia, Persia, the Mediterranean
Region, the Canaries and Tropical Africa. ie
+
IV. NICANDRA, Adans.
Calyx 5-partite, much enlarged and inflated in fruit, prominently
5-angled, scarious-membranous ; lobes cordate, subsagittate, wide,
conniving, reticulate. Corolla widely campanulate; limb very
shortly or obscurely 5-lobed ; lobes or folds very narrowly imbricate.
Stamens 5, inserted near the corolla-base; filaments filiform, dilated
at the base into a pilose scale; anthers ovate-oblong ; cells parallel,
dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 3-5-celled ; style columnar ; stigma
oblong or subglobose, 3-5-partite, lobes conniving; ovules many.
Berry globose, much shorter than the enlarged calyx. Seeds sub-
orbicular, compressed, minutely serobiculate ; embryo near the
margin, much curved; cotyledons semiterete.
An annual, erect, much-branched, glabrous herb; leaves petioled, membranous,
coarsely sinuate-deatate or almost lobed; pedicels solitary, recurved ; flowers
rather large.
Serene y
Nicandra.] SOLANACEE (Wright), 109
Distris, Species 1, a native of Peru, but now naturalized in most hot
countries. ;
1. N. physaloides (Gertn. Fruct. ii. 237, t. 131, fig. 2) ; a much-
branched herb; stem more or less angular; leaves ovate-oblong,
sinuate-serrate, acuminate, tapering towards the base, glabrous, up to
5 in. by 3 in.; petiole 3-2 in. long, narrowly winged; flowers
solitary ; calyx 5-partite, 5-angled; segments cordate, acuminate,
9 lin. long, 6 lin. broad; corolla purple, 12 in. in diam. ; tube
campanulate; lobes short, transversely oblong; stamens much
shorter than the corolla; filaments inserted near the corolla-base,
subulate, hairy at the base; anthers ovate; ovary ovoid; style
filiform ; stigma capitate; berry globose, ‘6 lin. in diam., smooth,
enclosed in the enlarged calyx; seeds 3 lin. in diam., compressed,
minutely papillate. Bot. Mag. t. 2458; Miers, Ill. S. Amer. Pl. t.
43; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 434; Harvey, Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed,
2, 257. N. minor, Hort. ex Dunal, l.c. 484. Atropa physalodes,
Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1,181. Physalis daturefolia, Lam. Enceycl. ii.
102. P. peruviana, Mill. Dict. ed. 8, n. 16, not of Linn. Caly-
dermos erosus, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Per. ii. 44. Physalodes peruvianum,
O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 452. P. physalodes, Britton in Mem.
Torrey Bot. Club, v. 287.
SoutH ArFRica: without locality, Forbes, 240!
Katanart Recion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1012! near
Pretoria, Kirk, 33! ;
Eastern Keaion: Natal; near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2171! Inanda,
Wood, 102! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1218 !
Introduced ; a native of Peru.
V. LYCIUM, Linn.
Calyx campanulate or tubular, truncate or irregularly 3-5-toothed,
not or but slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla tubular, funnel-shaped,
campanulate or urceolate ; tube short or long, often swollen at the
throat ; lobes 4—5, flat, imbricate, patent. Stamens 4-5, inserted in the
corolla-tube, included or exserted ; filaments filiform, often dilated and
hairy at the base ; anthers short, cells parallel, dehiseing longitudinally.
Disk annular or cupular. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules many. Berry
globose, ovoid or conical, rather fleshy; pericarp thin or fleshy.
Seeds many, rarely few or solitary, compressed ; testa crustaceous,
pitted ; embryo much curved, near the circumference ; cotyledons
semiterete.
Trees or shrubs; ultimate branchlets often spiny, glabrous or pubescent ;
leaves entire, linear and subterete or flat, often in fascicles or rudimentary
branchlets ; flowers usually solitary.
Distrip. Species about 50, temperate and warm regions throughout the
world, very common in extratropical South America.
L. cordatwm, Mill, Dict. ed. 8, n. 10, is Carissa Arduina, Lam,
L. inerme, Linn. f, Suppl. 150, is Plectronia ventosa, Linn.
110 SoLaNAcex& (Wright). | Lycium.
Corolla 6 lin. or more in length :
Leaves hairy es wee see ies ... (1) hirsutum.
Leaves glabrous :
Corolla campanulate is ees ... (2) campanulatum.
Corolla long obconie :
Stamens subequal ; filaments with a
globose tuft of hairs Ba oT
Stamens very unequal; filaments with
scattered hairs = re, ... (4) anstrinum.
Corolla less than 6 lin. long :
Leaves ovate to obovate, 14-24 lin. wide:
Leaves glabrous sig eine ... (5) acutifolium.
Leaves pubescent... bu (6) pilifolinm.
Leaves not ovate, 3-1 lin. wide:
Stamens inserted at the base of the
(3) afrum.
corolla... «es be ws eee -«(7) “OXYearpum.
Stamens inserted above the base cf the
corolla :
Calyx-lobes longer than the tube ... (8) schizocalyx.
Calyx-lobes short: |
Corolla 4-lobed :
Corolla lobes orbicular, glab-
rous oe aes (9): tetrandrum.
Corolla-lobes orbicular, cili-
ate on a ... (10) echinatum.
Corolla-lobes oblong, ciliate (11) arenicolum,
Corolla 5-lobed :
Corolla-lobes orbicular, cili-
ate th ve ... (12) oxyeladum,
Corolla-lobes ovate or oblong,
glabrous :
Stamens unequal, some
exserted, some in-
cluded :
Calyx glabrous ... (18) pendulinum.
Calyx ciliate... (14) tenue.
Stamens all included .,. (15) cinereum.
Stamens all] exserted:
’ Young parts not
y viscid :
i Corolla-lobes
reflexed .., (16) Krausii.
Corolla-lobes
suberect ... (17) Prunus-spinosa.
Young parts viscid (18) roridum,
1. L. hirsutum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 521, imel. vars.
“ einerascens and ochraceum); a shrub; branches slightly angled,
hirsute ; branches very hirsute, spiny ; leaves oblong-linear or oblong- _
ovate, up to 9 by 23 lin., attenuate at the base into a short petiole or
sessile, solitary or few in a fascicle; flowers solitary ; calyx-tube —
campanulate, densely pubescent, about 3 lin. long; teeth subequal,
linear ; corolla white (Nelson); tube 4 lin. long, subcylindrical;
lobes 5, oblong, rounded, 1 lin. long, ciliate ; stamens inserted below
the middle of the corolla-tube, and reaching its throat; filaments —
subequal, hirsute in the lower quarter. Miers in Ann. § Mag. Nat-—
Hist. xiv, (1854) 14, and Ill. S. Amer. Pl. t. 65, fig. D; O. Kuntae,
Lycium.]} soLANACE® (Wright). 111
Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 221. L. sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 50, 63.
Coast Recion: Albany Div.; Grahamstown, Rutherford ! Queenstown Div, ;
banks of Klass Smits River, 3150 ft., Galpin, 2516!
CenTRaL ReGion: Prince Albert Div.; between’ Dwyka River and Zwart-
bulletje, Drege, 7866a! Carnarvon Div.; at Keikam’s Poort, Burchell, 1614!
Aliwal North Div.; on the banks of the Orange River, near Aliwal North,
4300 ft., Drége, 7866b! Kuntze! Prieska Div.; banks of the Orange River,
Burchell, 1644! Hopetown Div. ; near the Orange River, 4500 ft., Muskett in
Herb. Bolus, 2215!
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West; north of Kimberley, Nelson, 28!
’ 2. L. campanulatum (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 109); a much-branched, glabrous shrub; branches
griseo-pruinose ; branchlets horizontally spreading, forming spines
2-21 in. long; leaves fascicled, obovate- or oblong-spathulate, 6-10
lin. long, 23-4 lin. broad, obtuse, glabrous, rather fleshy; flowers
solitary or geminate; peduncle 4 lin. long; calyx tubular, 3 lin.
long, 23 lin. in diam. ; teeth short, ciliate; eorolla-tube campanu-
late, narrowed at the base, slightly longer than the calyx; lobes 5,
oblong, nearly as long as the tube, reticulately veined ; stamens
inserted near the base of the corolla; filaments geniculate at the
base and there expanded into a linear gland densely tomentose on the
margin, 2 reaching to the apex of the corolla-lobes, 3 to their middle ;
style equalling the longer stamens; berry globose, 3 lin. in diam. ;
seated on the split calyx. Li. rigidum, var. latifolium grandiflorum,
Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 523. L. ferocissimum, Miers in Ann.
§ Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 187, and ill. S. Amer. Pl. t. 70,
Jig. D.
Coast Reeton: Clanwilliam Div.; between Lange Valley and Heereloge «
ment, below 500 ft., Drége! Uitenhage Div.; Zeyher, 103! Port Elizabeth Div. ;
at and near the Lead-mine, Burchell, 4490!
? 3. L. afrum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 191) ; a small tree; branches
/ glabrous, rigid, spiny at the apex ; leaves fascicled, linear or narrowly
oblanceolate, obtuse, entire, 6-12 lin. long, $-1 lin. wide, glabrous ;
flowers solitary, rarely geminate ; peduncles short; calyx campanu-
late, 2-3 lin. long, glabrous or puberulous on the margin ; lobes 5,
short, triangular; corolla 9-10 lin. long, long obconic, constricted
close to the base, glabrous; lobes 5, subrotundate, 1-1} lin. long,
reflexed ; stamens subequal, included; filaments geniculate below,
with a fascicle of hairs a short distance above their insertion ; ovary
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 191, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. ix. 152, t. 14;
Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 97, 108, and in Linnea, xx.
112 SOLANACEX (Wright). [ Lycium,
203 ; Miersin Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 17, 186 ; Dunal
in DC. Prod, xiii. i. 522 (incl. var. angustifolium). L. carnosum,
Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iii. 427 ; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 522;
Miers in Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 17. LZ. propinquum,
G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 459; Dunal, lc. 526. L. ep., Drége, Le. 111.
Lycium foliis linearibus, ete., Trew, Pl. Select. 4, t. 24, figs. 1-2;
Mill. Te. 114, t. 171, fig. 1.
Soutn AFrica: without locality, Stuart !
Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Piquiniers Kloof, 700 ft., Schlechter,
10754! Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Thunberg! Bolus, 3743! Drége, 7867!
Hooker, 431! by Raapenberg Farm, Wolley Dod, 2562! Van Camps Bay, 200 ft.,
MacOQwan, 2521! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 237! Simons Bay, Wright!
Kirk! MacGillivray, 579! Caledon Div.; near the River Zonder Kinde, 500 ft.,
Galpin, 4354! Uitenhage Div., Zeyher.
Crentrat Reeton: Ceres Div.; at Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1279 ! Cradock Div. ; Cradock, Kuntze.
Western Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; near the Oliphants River, under
1000 ft., Drége!
L. carnoswm, Poir., is said to have originated in South Africa, but it is only
known as a cultivated plant in Europe. It differs from typical L. afrwm, L.,
in its smaller size only. L. rigidum, var. latifolium parviflorum, Dunal in
DC. Prod. xiii. i. 523, from Ebenezer in Vanrhynsdorp Diy., is a doubtfal
plant.
4. L. austrinum (Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854)
13); a much-branched shrub, unarmed, rarely with short spines ;
branches curved, somewhat shining, swollen at the nodes; leaves in
fascicles of 5-20 at the nodes, quite glabrous, lanceolate, obtuse or
subacute, 9 lin. long, 11-2 lin. broad, tapering into a short petiole ;
flowers in fascicles of 2-5 ; peduncles shorter than the leaves ; calyx
2 lin. long, tubular, 4—5-toothed ; corolla about 10 lin. long, 4 lin.
in diam. at the mouth, tubular or slightly tapering downwards ; tube
slightly curved, glabrous outside, pubescent inside just below the
insertion of the stamens; lobes 5, rounded, glabrous, 6-8 times
shorter than the tube ; stamens very unequal, 2 exserted, the rest
included ; filaments hirsute towards the base, glabrous above, filiform ;
style filiform; stigma thickened, exserted. Il. S. Amer. Pl. t. 65,
fig. C. L.oxycarpum, var. grandiflorum, Dunal in DQ. Prod. xiii.
i. 518. L. barbarum, Thunb. Prodr. 37, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
192, not of Linn.
Coast Region: Knysna Div.; Goukamma River, Pappe! Queenstown Div. ;
banks of Klass Smits River, 3450 ft., Galpin, 2517 !
CEeNnTRAL Region: Sutherland Div.; Karoo between the Roggeveld and
Bokkeveld, Thunberg! Prince Albert Div.; Gamka River, Burke! near Welte-
vrede (near Wolve Kraal, ex Dunal), Drége! Somerset Div.; near Somerset
East, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 941! Cradock Div.; near the Fish River, Cooper,
489! Graaff Reinet Div.; by the Sunday River near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft,
Bolus, 45! and in MacOwan & Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1327! descent
of the Voor Sneeuw Berg, Burchell, 2840! Murraysburg Div.; banks of rivers
near Murraysburg, Tyson, 109 ! Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg, Knobel !
> 6, L. acutifolium (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 145, 148) ; a quite glabrous shrub ; branches divarieate, some
Lycium.] SOLANACES® (Wright). 1138
short and spiny, marked by lines decurrent from the nodes ; leaves
solitary or few in fascicles, shortly petioled, ovate, oblong, obovate or
almost spathulate, acute or somewhat obtuse, 5 by 21-12 lin., thinly
membranous ; peduncles solitary or geminate, 4 lin. long, elongating
in fruit; calyx 1 lin, long, cup-shaped ; teeth 5, equal, short, acute,
ciliate ; corolla 3-4 lin, long, white (Wood) ; tube contracted below,
subcampanulate above ; lobes 5,1 lin. long, ovate, glabrous; stamens
inserted about 1 lin. up the corolla-tube, 4 exserted, the 5th much
shorter and included; filaments hirsute towards the base; style
filiform, exserted; stigma obconical ; berry ovoid or ovoid-oblong,
3-32 lin. long. 13 lin, in diam., shortly apiculate. Dunal in DC.
Prod. xiii. i. 518, incl. vars. angustifolium and latifolium; Miers in
Ann. § May. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 16, and Jil. S. Amer. Pl. ii. t
66, fig. B.
Eastern Reeron: Transkei; near Gekau (Geua) River, under 1000 ft.,
Drége ! Tembuland; Umtata River, under 1000 ft., Drége ! Natal; 30-60 miles
from the sea, at 2000-3500 ft., Sutherland! near Durban, Wood, 123! Cooper,
2809! 2810! Verulam, Wood, 1129! Inanda, Wood, 910! and without precise
locality, Gerrard, 376! Sanderson! Grant!
6. L. pilifolium (C. H. Wright); a much-branched shrub;
branches stout, reddish-purple ; branchlets short, spiny; leaves
fascicled, obovate, 3—4 lin. long, 11-2 lin. wide, obtuse, pubescent ;
flowers solitary; calyx 3 lin. long, densely glandular-pubescent
outside; lobes 5, triangular, obtuse, 3 as long as the calyx; corolla
funnel-shaped ; tube 31 lin. long, hairy inside in the lower part ;
lobes 5, oblong, 14 lin. long, obtuse, entire, glabrous ; stamens
inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube; filaments hairy
below.
Centrat Recion: Sutherland Div.; between Kuilenberg and Great Reed
River, Burchell, 1360! '
» %. L. oxyearpum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 518); a shrub;
branches vee ofl op leaves fascicled on the swollen nodes,
obovate-oblong, long cuneate at the base, entire, glabrous, rather
obtuse ; peduncles solitary, thickened at the apex ; calyx obconic,
glabrous, 5-toothed ; corolla funnel-shaped ; stamens inserted at the
base of the corolla and reaching to its throat 5 style filiform, shortly
exserted; stigma capitate; berry ovoid-oblong, acute, glabrous,
Miers in Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist, xiv. (1854) 10, and Ill. 8. Amer,
Pl. ii. t. 64, fig. D.
parvifl l.c.); leaves 5-6 lin. long, 3-1 lin. wide ; corolla
“5 tin, tee. poche Frais ne ay E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
eogr. Documente, 97, 200.
Van. a angustifolium (Dunal, 1.c.); branches more slender and more angular ;
leaves 5-8 lin. long, 4} lin. wide.
Sourn Arrica: without locality ; Var. y, Drege. :
Centrat Region: Var. 8, Fraserburg Div.; at the Zak River, Burchell,
1514! : :
Western Region: Var. 8, Vanrhyndorps Div.; near the Oliphants River,
below 500 ft., Drége ! . é
VOL. IV,—SECT. IL z
114 SOLANACEE (Wright). [Lycium.
8. L. schizocalyx (C. H. Wright); stem much branched;
branches brownish-purple, glauceseent, spine-tipped ; leaves linear or
narrowly oblanceolate, up to 7 lin. long and 4 lin. wide, glabrous,
finely rugose when dry; flowers solitary from the centre of the
fascicles of leaves; peduneles slender, 3-4 lin. long; calyx 3} lin.
long, divided more than halfway into 5 oblong acute minutely ciliate
lobes; corolla funnel-shaped ; tube about as long as the calyx ; lobes
12-2 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, spreading, minutely ciliate ; stamens
inserted in the corolla-throat, exserted; filaments hairy at the base,
filiform; style a little longer than the stamens; fruit depressed
globose, about 2 lin. in diam.
CENTRAL Recion: Cradock Div.; hillside at Witmoss station, 2400 ft.,
Galpin, 30801 Graaff Reinet Div.; in thickets near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft.,
Bolus, 741! in valleys of the Sneeuwberg Range, 3500 ft., Bolus, 2074!
9. L. tetrandrum (Thunb. Prodr. 37); a very much branched
shrub, 6-7 ft. high; branchlets glabrous, spiny; leaves fascicled,
ovate- or oblong-elliptic, obtuse or subacute, acute at the base, 3 lin.
Jong, 1 lin. wide, entire, rather thick, glabrous; flowers solitary ;
peduncle filiform, thickened at the apex, 3-1 lin. long; calyx cup-
shaped, glabrous, 1 lin. long; teeth 4, short, triangular; corolla
white, 3-4 lin. long; tube obconie; lobes 4, orbicular, reflexed ;
stamens 4, inserted halfway up the eorolla-tube; filaments hairy at
the base, exserted; ovary subglobose; style as long as the stamens;
fruit subglobose. Fl. Cap. ed. Sehult. 192, and in Trans. Linn.
Soc. ix. 154, t. 15; Dunai in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 516; Miers in Ann.
§ Mag. Nat, Hist. xiv. (1854) 19, partly, and Ill. S. Amer. Pl. t. 66,
Jig. F. L. horridum, Thunb. Prodr. 87, Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 192,
and in Trans. Linn. Soc. ix. 154, ¢.17; Dunal, lc. 516. L. horridum,
var. tetrandrum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 221-222. L. capense,
Mill, Gard, Dict. ed. 8, no. 7. L. sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 107.
South AFRica: without locality, Harvey ! ‘
Coast Region : Piquetberg Div. ; near the sea near Verloren Valley, Thunberg !
Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Thunberg ! Cape Div. ; between Lion Moun-
tain and the shore near Cape Town, Thunberg / Mossél Bay Div. ; near Great Brak
River, 300 ft., Galpin, 4353! Knysna Div. ; Plettenberg Bay, Pappe / Uitenhage
Div. ; Zwartkops River Valley, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 865 | 3460, 3461! Alexandria
Div.; Bushmans River Station, 1120 ft., Galpin, 2978! Victoria Kast Div ;
by the Kat River, Baur! Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3000-3500 ft., Baur, 975!
British Kaffraria, Cooper, 141! 420!
Centrat Recioy : Somerset Div.; near Little Fish River and Great Fish
River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7869! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet,
2500 ft., Bolus, 282! descent of the Voor Sneeuw Berg, Burchell, 2841!
O. Kuntze notes (Rev. Gen, Pl. iii. 221) a variety with pentamerous flowers
from Beaufort West, which he calls L. horridum, var. pentandrum.
10. L. echinatum (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i, 515); a shrub;
branches slender, with ridges decurrent from the nodes, glaucous,
spiny towards the apex; leaves in fascicles on the swollen nodes,
.
:
.
j
Lycium.| SOLANACER (Wright). 115
sessile, oblong-linear, straight or slightly curved, 1-1: lin. long,
scarcely ¢ lin. broad, quite entire, rather thick; peduneles solitary,
glabrous, short, 1-flowered; calyx deeply cup-shaped, 1 lin. long;
teeth 4, ereet; corolla funnel-shaped, contracted near the base, 3 lin.
long; lobes 4, 1 the length of the tube, orbicular, ciliate ; stamens
4, inserted 1-way up the corolla-tube, 2 exserted, 2 reaching the
corolla-throat ; filaments hairy a short distance above their insertion,
glabrous elsewhere; ovary ovoid, surrounded at the base by an
annular disk ; style eapillary, 2 lin. long; stigma capitate. Miers,
Lil. S. Amer. Pl, ii. t. 66, fig. E, and in Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist,
xiv. (1854) 18. LZ. sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 59.
CenTRAL ReGion: Aberdeen Div.; Camdeboo, 2000-3009 ft., Drege, 7870!
11. L. arenicolum (Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854)
14); a much-branched shrub, 9 ft. high ; branches glaucous, purplish,
with deeurrent ridges from the cupular nodes; leaves sessile in
fascicles of 5-10, linear, 5-7 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, acute, rather
fleshy ; flowers solitary on very short peduncles, 4-merous; calyx
1 lin. long, shortly and unequally 4-toothed ; teeth ciliate; corolla
about 22 lin. long, tubular; lobes 4, oblong, ciliate, } lin. long :
stamens unequal, inserted a little above the corolla-base, 1 slightly
exserted, 2 reaching the throat, the 4th included ; filaments hirsute
at the base; ovary ovoid, adnate to the red fleshy disk; style
exserted ; stigma capitate. Ili. S. Amer. Pl. ii. t. 65, fig. E.
Var. brevifolia (C. H. Wright) ; leaves oblanceolate, 3 lin, long, $ lin. broad ;
flowers as in the type.
Sourn Arica: without locality, Zeyher, 1261! :
Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div. ; dry channel of an arm of the Gauritz
River, Burchell, 6184! : : :
Calves ee Var. 8, Somerset Div.; banks of the Little Fish River,
3000 ft., MacOwan, 1873! Scott-Elliot, 538!
Katanari Ree@ion: Orange River Colony;
Burke!
Orange River at Sand Drift,
12. L. oxycladum (Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (2854)
15); a much-branched shrub, quite glabrous; branches pent;
branchlets with ridges decurrent from the nodes, spiny at the pis 3
leaves in fascicles of 4-7, spathulate-linear, 3-4 lin. long, > lin.
broad, rather fleshy; peduncles 14 lin. long, 1-flowered ; flowers
5-merous ; calyx cup-shaped, 1 lin. long ; tecth 5, very 88, pet
slightly ciliate; corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 3-4 lin. ong Pi ose
outside near the persistent base; lobes _5, orbicular, * lin. ong,
shortly ciliate ; stamens inserted a short distance above the i la-
base, hirsute a short distanee above the base, 2 exserted, anes ing
the corolla-throat, the 5th included. Tu. S. Amer. Fl. i. t. 60,
Jig. F.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1260! ape :
Coast ReoGion: Uitenhage Div., Zeyher, 81! Bedford Diy. ; Small-deel
country, Burke ! 9
I
116 SOLANACEE (Wright). [Lyciwm.
18. L. pendalinum (Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854)
20); a shrub; branches slender, pendulous, the older knotted, bare
and ending in spines, the younger leafy ; leaves fascicled on the
bony cup-shaped nodes, linear, acute, 4-5 lin. long, } lin. broad,
attenuate at the base, glabrous; peduncle slender, 3 lin. long;
flowers 5-merous; calyx 1+ lin. long, tubular, shortly and subequally
toothed; corolla funnel-shaped; tube 3 lin. long, contracted and
pilose outside at the base ; lobes oblong, veined, 3 the length of the
tube; stamens inserted above the corolla-base, 1 exserted, 2 reaching
the throat, 2 included; filaments hairy a short distance above the
base, glabrous elsewhere; style filiform, exserted. J/I. S. Amer.
Pl. ii. t. 67, fig. B.
Soura AFRIcA: without locality or collector’s name. ;
Eastern Region: Natal; Mooi River Valley, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland!
and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1416!
14. L. tenue (Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 245); a very much-
branched shrub; branches flexuose, divaricate, with ridges decurrent
from the nodes, dark grey; branchlets spiny, slender; leaves linear
or very narrowly oblanceolate, tapering towards both ends, 4 lin.
long, 1-1 lin. broad, rather fleshy; flowers solitary; calyx tubular,
11 lin. long; teeth 5, subequal, ciliate, obtuse; corolla funnel-
shaped; tube 3 lin. long; lobes 5, erect, ovate, obtuse, smooth ;
stamens inserted just below the middle of the corolla-tube, 2 much
exserted, 1 reaching the throat, 2 included ; filaments with a globose
bunch of hairs just above their insertion; ovary conical, surrounded
at the base by an annular toothed disk; berry ovoid-elliptie,
apiculate. Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 515; Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 145 ; Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854)
19, and Ill. S. Amer. Pl. t. 67, fig. A.; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii.
232.
Var. 8, Sieberi (Dunal, 1.c.); leaves shorter and wider, obovate-elliptic,
tapering into a very short petiole. Baker, Fl. Maurit. 216.
pies Arrica: without locality, Schlechtendal, Boivin, and Verreaua (ex
nal).
Coast Reeion: Var. 8: Uitenhage Div.; in clayey soil, Krauss (e
Dunal).
Fs bg Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus,
KaLaHaRi REGION : Griqualand West ; Modder River Station, Kuntze.
Eastern Reoion: Transkei; between Gekau River and Bashee River, 1000-
2000 ft., Drage /
The variety also occurs in Mauritius.
© 15.1. cinereum (Thunb. Prodr. 37); ashrub 3 ft. or more high
stem erect, rigid, glabrous, ashy-white; branches patent, terete,
spiny ; Jeaves fascicled, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, glaucous, 2-4 lin.
long, 3-1 lin. wide; flowers solitary; peduncles filiform, 1-1} lin.
long ; calyx cupular, glabrous, shortly 5-toothed, 12 lin. long;
corolla obconic ; tube 2} lin. long; lobes 5, short, ovate, acute ;
Lycium,] SOLANACER (Wright), 117
stamens included, inserted about 1 lin. up the corolla-tube 3 filaments
hairy at the base; ovary conical. Fl. Cap. ed, Schult. 192, and
in Trans. Linn. Soc, ix. 152, t. 16; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i.
516; Miers in Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 20. LZ. apicu-
latum, Dunal, l.c. 517, inel. vars. brevifolium and longifolium. L.
tetrandrum, Miers, l.e. 19, not of Thunb. Acokanthera lycioides, G.
Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 485. Cestrum lycioides, Lichtenst. ex Roem. §
Schultes, Syst. iv. 558, not of Sendtn.
SoutH ArFRica: without locality, Thuwnberg ! Drege, 7868! Zeyher, 12591
Bowker !
Coast Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; near Ebenezer, Drége, 7872 !
CENTRAL Reaion: Murraysburg Div.; near Murraysburg, 4000-4700 ft.,
Tyson, 320!
A plant collected in Great Namaqualand by Schinz, 475, may belong to this
Species,
16. L. Kraussii (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i, 517 ); a shrub ;
branches rather flexuose; branchlets numerous, terminating in a
Spine ; leaves very narrowly linear, obtuse, attenuate at the base,
4-6 lin. long, 1-12 lin. wide, puberulous when young; petiole
short ; flowers solitary, axillary towards the apex of the branches ;
peduncles cernuous, shorter than the calyx, thickened at the apex,
slightly puberulous; calyx cyathiform, 2-22 lin. long; teeth 5,
small, ovate-oblong, unequal, very acute, slightly puberulous outside ;
corolla obconic, glabrous; tube slightly expanded above ; lobes 5,
reflexed, ovate-triangular, rather acute, 12-1 lin. long, reticulately
veined ; stamens exserted; filaments villous at the base 3 ovary
ovoid, apiculate, surrounded at the base by a cupular disk ; style
capillary, 31-33 lin. long, slightly curved at the apex ; stigma
capitate, subbifid ; berry black when dry, ovoid, 2-3 lin. in diam.,
seated on the enlarged split calyx. Miers in Ann. § Mag. Nat.
Hist. xiv. (1854) 186. L. cinereum, Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und
Natal. 124, not of Thunb.
Coast Recon: Uitenhage Div. ; without precise locality, Krauss, 1509.
17. L. Prunus-spinosa (Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 515);
branches quite aisha: brown with a greyish sheen ; ag wt
long, scattered, divaricate, spiny and nodulose at the apex ; a
fasciculate, unequal, oblong-cuneate, obtuse, sessile, gy y, up
to 3 lin. long, 4 lin. wide; peduncles solitary, 1-flowe 5 sti
from the centre of the fascicle of leaves, filiform, thickened upwar ,
6 lin. long; calyx cup-shaped, 2 lin. long, 1} lin. in diam, 5 ee
5, triangular, rather acute, puberulous on the eee —
shortly campanulate-funnel-shaped, 5-fid, 3 lin. long; seed ns }
acute, “ 3-32 lin. wide,” somewhat erect; stamens exse i ae
ments capillary, adhering to the lowest } of the ae on ig
free part villous; style about as long as the stamens, Mzers in
§ Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 187.
Soutu A¥gica: without locality, Drége, 7871 (ex Dunal).
118 -SoLANACEE (Wright). [Lycium.
18. L. roridum (Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 15);
a densely branched shrub, very spiny, viscid on the younger parts ;
branches glaucous, slightly striate, flexuous ; leaves in fascicles of
2-10, spathulate-oblong or ovate, 1-2 lin. long, } lin. broad, cuneate
at the base, fleshy, with numerous yellowish immersed shining
glands on both surfaces, almost glabrous or with very short scabrid
hairs; peduncle from the centre of the fascicle of leaves, 1-flowered,
12 lin. long; flowers 5-merous; calyx tubular; tube 4 lin. long;
lobes as long as the tube, erect in flower, spreading or recurved in
fruit, glandular and with very short hairs; corolla glabrous ; tube
funnel-shaped, 23 lin. long; lobes ovate, 4 lin. long; stamens
inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube, all exserted ; filaments
unequal, hairy at the base; berry globose, 2 lin. in diam., pallid,
shortly mucronate ; seeds about 8, glaucous-brown, oval, compressed.
Ill. S. Amer. Pl. ii. t. 66, fig. A.
Coast ReGcion: Bedford Div. ; Small-deel country, Burke?
CyntRaLt Reaion: Somerset Div.; near Bruintjes Hoogte, ‘‘ between
Lichen Grove and Hollow Station,” Burchell, 3110!
VI. DATURA, Linn.
Calya long, tubular, 5-fid or spathaceous, sometimes circum-
scissile near the hase. Corolla funnel-shaped, enlarged in the throat;
limb plicate ; lobes 5, short, broad, usually acuminate. Stamens 5,
inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, included; filaments fili-
form ; anthers long linear, sometimes cohering into a tube, cells
paralle], dehiscing longitudinally, Ovary 2-celled, or more or less
spuriously 4-celled ; style filiform, dilated and 2-lobed at the apex; -
ovules numerous. Capsule dry or with a somewhat fleshy pericarp,
indehiscent or 4-valved, spiny or smooth. Seeds compressed ; testa
thick ; embryo much curved; cotyledons semiterete.
Herbs, shrubs or trees, glabrous or sparingly hairy; leaves large, entire or
coarsely toothed ; pedicels solitary ; flowers large, erect or pendulous.
DistRin. Species about 12, widely dispersed through the temperate and
warmer regions of both Lemispheres,
1. D. Stramonium (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 179); a robust erect
annual ; stem terete, branched ; leaves ovate, more or less coarsely
toothed or lobed, about 9 in. long, 33 in. wide, acuminate, uneque
at the base, flaccid, slightly hairy when young; flowers solitary iD
the forks of the branches; pedicel short; calyx 13 in. long,
persistent at the base; teeth 5, triangular; corolla 3-4 in. long, —
plicate in bud, tubular-funnel-shaped, white ; lobes 5, spreading oT
recurved, acuminate ; stamens 5, included ; ovary pyramidal, 4-lobed;
capsule about 2 in, long, erect, ovoid, thickly clothed with spines;
seeds about } in. long, reniform. Thunb. Prodr.35, and Fl. Cap. ed. y
Schult. 188; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii, i. 540; Harv. Gen. 8. Aft —
eee
—
Datura.) SOLANACER (Wright), 119
Pl. ed, 2, 258; Bentl, & Trim, Med. Pl. t. 192; Hook. f, Fl. Brit.
Ind. iv, 242.
Coast Recon: Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Thunberg /
CENTRAL REGION : Colesberg Div.; near the Orange River, Knobel/
Katanari Reeion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg and Pretoria, Wilms, 1010!
near Pretoria, Kirk, 31!
Throughout the world, except in the colder and arctic regions, very common in
South Europe ; probably introduced into South Africa.
VII. NICOTIANA, Linn.
Calyx ovoid or tubular-eampanulate, 5-fid. Corolla funnel- or
salver-shaped ; tube long, cylindrical or slightly ventricose; limb
equal or oblique; lobes 5, induplicate, patent. Stamens 5, inserted
below the middle of the corolla-tube, included or exserted, more or
less unequal; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate or oblong, deeply
2-lobed ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2- (rarely
4—00-) celled ; style filiform; stigma dilated, shortly and widely
2-lobed ; ovules numerous. Capsule 2- (rarely 4-) celled, dehiscing
to the middle or lower by 2-tid valves. Seeds numerous, small,
scareely compressed, granular; embryo straight or more or less
curved ; cotyledons semiterete. -
Herbs or subshrubs, rarely subarborescent, usually with glutinous hairs ; leaves
simple, entire or sinuate; flowers white, yellow, greenish or pink, in terminal
panicles or long unilateral. bracteate or ebracteate racemes, rarely solitary and
axillary.
DistR1B. Species about 40, in extra-tropical North and South America,
Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Viscid ; corolla pink ; lobes acute ... ai www | ope (1) Tabacum,
Glabrous ; corolla green ur yellow; lobes rounded »» (2) glauca,
1. N. Tabacum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 180) ; a robust annual, up to
6 ft. high; stem erect, viscid ; leaves ovate-laneeolate or ovate, the
lower up to 2 ft. long and shortly petioled, the upper much smaller,
sessile and more or less amplexicaul, entire, acute,, sometimes undu-
late, viscid on both surfaces; panicle terminal; calyx ovoid, viscid
outside, divided nearly halfway down ; lobes 5, narrowly lanceolate ;
corolla obconical, pink, about 1} in. long, viscid outside ; lobes short,
broadly triangular, acute ; stamens inserted near the base of the
corolla, usually ineluded ; ovary conical ; style about as long as the
stamens; capsule about 9 lin. long. Dunalin DC. Prod. xiii. i.
557; Bentl. §& Trim. Med. Pl. t. 191; Comes, Monogr. Nicot. 7.
Var. a, fruticosa (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6207); stem shrubby at the base;
lowest leaves ovate, upper narrowly lanceolate, acuininate, almost auricled at the
base. Comes, Monogr. Nicot. 8, tt.land3. N. fruticosa, Harv. Gen. 8. Afr.
Pl. ed, 2, 258. , ao gee
Wane B, lancifolia (Comes, Monogr. Nicot. 10, tt. 1 and 4); a viscid pilose
herb ; lowest leaves ovate-lanceolate, uppermost linear-lanceolate, long acumi-
120 SOLANACER (Wright). [ Nicotiana.
nate. N.lancifolia, Willd. ex Lehm. Gen. Nicot. Hist. 26; Dunal in DC. Prod.
xiii. i. 558. ON. fruticosa, var. angustifolia, Dunal l.c. 559.
Soutu Arrica: without locality ; var. a, ex Comes, var. B, ex Dunal.
eat Reeton: Orange River Colony; without precise locality, Cooper,
11!
2. N. glauca (R. Graham in Edinb. N. Phil. Journ. 1828, 175);
a small tree; branches ascending, glaucous ; leaves ovate or oblong,
acute or acuminate, more or less cuneate at the base, 3 in. long, 14 in.
wide, quite glabrous; petiole 13 in. long; bracts subulate, small,
fugacious; panicle terminal; calyx tubular, 5 lin. long; lobes
ovate, acuminate, short, ciliate ; corolla tubular, constricted near the
top, 14 in. long, green changing to yellow, densely pubescent out-
side; lobes short, rounded; stamens inserted a short distance up the
corolla-tube ; filaments glabrous ; ovary conical ; style as long as the
Stamens, minutely 2-lobed. Bot. Mag. t. 2837; Dunal in DC.
Prod. xiii. 1.562 ; Comes, Monogr. Nicot. 26. N. arborea, Dietr. ex
Comes, l.c.
Sours AFrica: without locality, Rogers!
Coast Region: Cape Div.; Roundhouse, near Cape Town, Wilms, 3460!
Simons Bay, towards Table Mountain, Milne, 105!
Eastern REGION: Natal; Tugela River, cultivated specimen!
Also in Tropical Africa and South America from Bolivia and Paraguay south-
wards, Perhaps introduced into South Africa.
VIII. RETZIA, Thunb.
Calyx narrow ; lobes 5, acute, unequal. Corolla: tube elongate,
symmetrical; lobes 5 (rarely 6-7), short, induplicate-valvate.
Stamens as many as and shorter than the covrolla-lobes, inserted at
the top of the corolla-tube, equal; filaments short, filiform; anthers
shortly sagittate, cells nearly parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Disk
very small. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform; stigma scarcely dilated,
shortly 2-lobed; ovules 2-3 in each cell, obovoid, narrowed into a
short funicle. Capsule oblong, acuminate, septicidally 2-valved ;
valves 2-fid. Seeds few or solitary, oblong; testa rather thick,
transversely rugulose or longitudinally sulcate; embryo straight;
albumen fleshy.
DistRiB. Endemic, monotypic.
1. R. capensis (Thunb. in Acta Lund. i. 55, t. 1, fig. 2); an erect,
rigid, branched shrub, about 4 ft. high; young branches densely
villous ; leaves verticillate, sessile, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, entire,
glabrous, imbricate, 14 in. long, 2-4 lin. wide; flowers several at
the end of the stem, sessile, erect; bracts lanceolate from a broad
concave base, keeled outside, acuminate, hirsute, 2 in. long, the
inner smaller; corolla 1 in. long, 3 lin. in diam. Nov. Gen. Pl.i.4;
Prodr. 34; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 167; Linn. f. Suppl. 18, 1383
Retzia.] SOLANACEE (Wright). 121
Lam. Il. t.103; Dunal in DO. Prod. xiii. i. 582; Sehnitzl. Iconogr.
t. 148** figs. 1-16.
Sours Arxrica: without locality, Thom! Forsyth! Forster! Roxburgh!
Coast Reeton: Stellenbosch Div. ; sandy places on the summit of Hottentots
Holland Mountain, Zeyher ! Niven! Hottentots Holland, in pure sand, Bowie!
Caledon Div.; on stony mountains near Lowrys Pass, 1200 ft., MacOwan,
2569! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 245! tops of mountains between Lowrys
Pass and Houw Hoek, Thunberg! Houw Hoek. 2500 ft., Bowie! Schlechter,
74341 between Palmiet River and Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8187!
Orper XCV. SCROPHULARIACEZ.
(By W. P. Hrery, F.R.S.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, more or less irregular. Calyx inferior,
persistent ; lobes 5 or 4, rarely only 3, usually more or less united,
unequal or nearly equal, valvate, variously overlapping or open in
bud. Corolla gamiopetalous ; tube straight, oblique or curved, some-
times very short, in some genera produced at the base into 1 or 2
Spurs or pockets ; limb 5- or 4- (rarely only 3-) lobed, bilabiate or
the lobes nearly or quite equal and more or less equally spreading ;
lobes variously overlapping but not contorted in bud; posterior lip
bilobed, entire or rarely obsolete; anterior lip 3- (rarely 4-) lobed.
Stamens 4, didynamous or equal, or only 2, sometimes 5, the fifth
more or less rudimentary, rarely perfect or like the other four ; fila-
ments inserted in the corolla-tube; anthers 1- or 2-celled, cells
alike or one smaller or empty, sometimes confluent ; pollen y3'50~
750 In.-long, globose or oval, with or without 3-6 longitudinal
furrows or bands or with 2 meridional lines, sometimes notched about
the middle, rough or smooth, viscid. Hypogynous disk annular or
unilateral, inconspicuous or obsolete. Ovary superior, sessile, entire,
4- or rarely 3-celled ; placentas central, adnate to the septum ; style
simple, entire or shortly cleft at the stigmatic apex ; stigma smal] “6
capitate or club-shaped ; ovules numerous or several in each eell,
anatropous or amphitropous. wit superior, usually capsular, septi-
cidal or loculicidal or sometimes both, rarely opening at or near the
apex; in some genera baccate and indehiscent. Seeds numerous,
Several or few, sessile or subsessile ; hilum basilar or lateral ; funicle
short ; testa membranous and tight, pitted, reticulate, scrobiculate,
ribbed or smooth, sometimes hyaline, loose and reticulate; kernel
covered with a thin lining; albumen fleshy; embryo usually straight
and not much shorter than the albumen; radicle directed towards
the hilum.
Annual or perennial herbs, or small shrubs, rarely large shrubs or rae eran
trees, glabrous or hairy, sometimes viscid-glandular ; stipules 0; scitlate cag
dentate or variously lobed or dissected, opposite, alternate or verticillate ; in-
florescence simple or compound, centripetal, or if compound, centrifugal on
122 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern).
branches; flowers axillary or arranged in terminal racemes, spikes, heads or
panicles.
Disrrrs. Genera about 160, species about 2000, cosmopolitan, but most frequent
in temperate regions,
Tribe 1. Aptostmz®. Leaves all alternate or very rarely opposite. Corolla :
tube widened into a long throat ; two posterior lobes of the limb exterior in bud.
Capsule septicidally bivalved.
I, Aptosimum.—Low or prostrate undershrubs. Stamens 4; anthers of the
posterior pair smaller than the others, often empty. Capsule short, obcordate, at
the apex compressed perpendicularly to the septum.
11. Peliostomum.—Low shrubs. Stamens 4; alltheanthers perfect. Capsule
ovoid-conical, acute, compressed at the apex.
III. Anticharis.—An erect herb. Fertile stamens 2. Capsule ovoid-oblong,
subacuminate.
Tribe 2. VeERBAscEa. Leaves allalternate. Corolla rotate or shortly cam-
panulate; tube very short or nearly obsolete; two posterior lobes of the limb
exterior in bud. Capsule septicidally bivalved.
IV. Verbascum.—Stamens 5.
Tribe 3. HemimenipEx. Leaves (at least the lower) opposite. Corolla:
tube very short or nearly obsolete ; two posterior lobes exterior in bud, resupinate
or bifoveolate, bisacculate or bicalcarate at the base. Capsule septicidal.
V. Alonsoa.—Corolla resupinate. Stamens 4, all perfect.
VI. Diascia.—Corolla (except in one species) not resupinate. Stamens 4;
anterior pair sometimes sterile.
_ VII. Hemimeris.—Corolia not resupinate. Stamens 2.
Tribe 4. ANTIRRHINEZ. Leaves (at least the lower) opposite, or alternate.
Corolla: tube long or not very short, sacculate, foveolate or spurred at the’
base ; two posterior lobes of the limb exterior in bud. Capsule septicidal or
loculicidal or dehiscing by pores or slits from or near the apex.
VIII. Colpias.—Leaves alternate and scarcely opposite. Corolla bifoveolate
or bicalcarate at the base ; lobes nearly equal. Anther-cells at length confluent.
Capsule septicidal.
IX. Nemesia.—Leaves (at least the lower) opposite. Corolla with only one
pit, pocket or spur at the base, bilabiate ; posterior lip undivided or emarginate ;
anterior lip 4-lobed. Anther-cells confluent. Capsule compressed, septicidal.
X. Diclis.—Leaves (at least the lower) opposite. Corolla with only one spur
at the base, bilabiate; posterior lip bilobed; anterior lip trilobed, Anther-
eclls confluent. Capsule subglobose or subquadrate, not much compressed,
loculicidal.
X1.—Linaria.— Leaves (at least the lower) opposite or verticillate. Corolla
with only one spur at the base, bilabiate ; posterior lip bilobed; anterior lip
trilobed. Anther-cells distinct. Capsule dehiscent with two lateral valves
having apical teeth or by lateral circumscissile lids,
XII. Antirrbinum.—Leaves (at least the lower) opposite. Corolla with
only one pocket at the base, bilabiate; posterior lip biloved; anterior lip tri-
lobed. Anther-cells distinct. Capsule dehiscing with subapical pores.
Tribe 5. Cuztonex. Shrubs more or less robust, or trees. Leaves (at
least the lower) opposite, verticillate. Corolla without any pocket or spur at
tre base; two posterior lobes exterior in bud. Fruit capsular and septicidal, or
fleshy and indebiscent.
XIII. Dermatobotrys.—Leaves decussate, fleshy. Calya 5-partite. Corolla-
tube rather long. Stamens 5, equal, all perfect. Frwit fleshy, indehiscent.
XIV. Halleria.—Leaves opposite, not decussate, thinly coriaceous or charta-
ceous. Calyx 3-5-cleft. Cvrolla-tube rather long. Stamens 4, didynamous.
Fruit baccate, indehiscen:,
XV. Teedia.—Leaves opposite, not decussate, thinly coriaceous or chartaceous.
SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 123
Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube cylindrical, not short nor broad. Stamens 4,
didynamous, all perfect. Fruit baccate, indehiscent.
XVI. Phygelius.—Leaves opposite, not decussate, chartaceous. Calya 5-
partite. Corolla-tube elongated. Stamens 4, didynamous, declinate, often
exserted, all perfect. Fruit capsular, at length septicidal.
XVII. Freylinia.—Zeaves not decussate, coriaceous, entire. Calyx 5-partite.
Corolla-tube cylindrical or funnel-shaped, not short nor broad. Stamens 4,
didynamous, ascending, included, all pertect. Fruit capsular, septicidal,
XVIII. Ixianthes.—Leaves verticillate, or crowded, coriaceous. Calyx
tripartite. Corolla-tube broad. Stamens 4, only 2 perfect. Fruit capsular,
septicidal.
XIX. Anastrabe.—Leaves opposite, subcoriaceous. Calyx shortly 5-cleft.
Corolla-tube short. Stamens 4, didynamous, ali perfect. Frwit capsular,
septicidal.
XX. Bowkeria.—Leaves usually ternately verticillate, subcoriaceous. Calyx
5-partite. Corolla-tube short. Stamens 4, didynamous, all perfect. Fruit
capsular, septicidal,
Tribe 6. Nemiem. Herbs or undershrubs. Leaves (at least the lower)
Opposite or rosulate, Corolla without any pocket or spur at the base; two
posterior lobes exterior in bud. Anther-cells confluent. Capsule septicidal.
XXI. Manulea.—Bracts free from the calyx, not adhering along the pedicel.
Flowers usually (but not always) cymose rather than simply racemose. Calya
equally 5-cleft or 5-partite, ebracteate or with small bracts at the base; lobes
scarcely or not at all imbricate in bud. Oorolla-limb imbricate. ‘
XXII. Sutera.—Bracts free trom the calyx, not adhering along the pedicel.
Flowers usually axillary or simply racemose, sometimes cymose. Calyx equally
5-cleft or 5-partite ; lobes more or less overlapping in bud unless the bracts are
large. Corolla-limb (in the cases observed) imbricate.
XXIII, Phyllopodium.—Bracts adnate below to the calyx or pedicel. Calyx
equally 5-cleft or 5-partite. ;
XXIV. Polycarena.—Bracts very shortly adnate to the calyx and pedicel.
Calya bilabiate, in fruit bipartite. Stamens 4, didynamous ; anthers ali alike.
Herbs scarcely turning black in drying.
XXV. Zaluzianskya.—Bracts adpressed or adnate to the calyx, or rarely free.
Calyx bipartite or bilabiate. Stamens 4 and didynamous or only 2; anthers of
the posterior pair oblong, vertical, perfect; anthers of the anterior pair (when
present) smaller, horizontal, often barren. Herbs or almost undershrubs, usually
drying black.
Tribe 7. Gratiorex. Herbs. Leaves (at least the lower) opposite. Corolla :
tube not very short, without any pocket or spur at the base ; two posterior lobes
exterior in bud. Anther-cells 2, distinct or confluent at the apex. Fruit
capsular, loculicidal or septicidal or subindehiscent. ‘
XXVL Menta Phas axillary. Calyz shortly 5-toothed. Filaments
all inserted on the corolla-tube about or below its middle, Capsule loculicidal. 1
XXVII. Moniera —Flowers axillary. Calyx deeply 5-lobed. Filaments a ]
inserted on the corolla-tube abut or below its middle. Capsule loculicidal.
XXVIII. Limosella.—Flowers usually inserted on scape-like peduncles.
Calyx 5- or rarely 4-dentate. Filaments all inserted on the corolla-tube about or
below its middle. Fruit subindehiscent. ‘ i
XXIX. Craterostigma.—Radical leaves rosulate; cauline leaves (w ‘i
Present) opposite. Calyx-limb nearly regular. Stamens 4, riba te 2 :
perfect ; filaments of anterior pair inserted on the corolla-throat and more o
less dilated towards the base and there sharply bent, kneed or appendaged,
Capsule septicidal. : 4 _
XXX. Torenia.—Zeaves mostly opposite. Calya-limb oblique or epesmed
Stamens 4, didynamous, all perfect; all the filaments filiform, inserted abou
lyx-tube not strongly ribbed, not
~*~ top of the corolla-tube. Capsule ee 7
XXI. Ilysanthes.—Leaves opposite. Ca pate’
winged, Stamens 2 or 4; anterior pair (when present) reduced to stami-
124 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern).
nodes; filaments inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube. Capsule
septicidal.
Tribe 8 Diarrare#. Leaves alternate or opposite. Corolla-lobes flat,
spreading or the upper suberect, the posterior interior in the bud. Herbs or
undershrubs not parasitic.
XXXII. Veronica.—Leaves opposite. Corolla: tube very short; lobes 4,
patent. Stamens 2, Capsule loculicidal. ,
XXXIII. Glumicalyx.—Leaves scattered. Corolla: tube shortly exceeding
the calyx; lobes 5; two lobes of the posterior lip scarcely spreading. Stamens
4, didynamous.
Tribe 9. GzRaRDIEx. Leaves opposite (at least the lower ones), or rarely
alternate. Corolla-lobes flat, more or less patent; one or both posterior lobes
interior in bud, Herbs, mostly parasitic or half-parasitic.
XXXIV. Charadrophila.— Leaves petiolate. Calya deeply 5-cleft. Stamens
4, nearly equal, sometimes with a fifth reduced to a staminode or rarely perfect ;
apthers 2-celled. Capsule both loculicidal and septicidal. Seeds ovoid.
XXXV. Melasma.—Leaves sessile or subsessile. Calyx shortly 5-cleft.
Stamens usually 4, didynamous or nearly equal; anthers 2-celled. Capsule
loculicidal. Seeds sublinear.
XXXVI. Gerardiina.—Leaves sessile. Calyz shortly 5-cleft. Stamens 4,
didynamous ; anthers 2-celled. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds linear-cuneiform.
XXXVII. Striga.—Leaves sessile or subsessile. Caly# narrowly tubular.
Corolla tubular; tube abruptly bent above the middle. Anthers 1-celled.
Capsule loculicidal. Seeds ovoid or oblong.
XXXVIII. Buttonia.—Leaves petiolate, pinnatisect. Calyx, after flowering,
widened, vesicular. Corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped, gently curved, <Anthers
2-celled ; cells unequal; of the longer stamens one cell rudimentary. Capsule
loculicidal, Seeds conical-oblong.
XXXIX. Sopubia. Leaves narrow or cut into narrow segments. Calyx
campanulate or hemispherical. Corolla-tube short. Anther-cells 2, one
een the other small and empty. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds obovoid or
oblong,
XL. Bopusia.—Leaves opposite or scattered, sessile or subsessile. Caly#
campanulate. Corolla-tube exserted, funnel-shaped, ample. Anther-cells 2,
yr usually narrower than the other, Capsule loculicidal. Seeds obovoid-
oblong.
XLI. Buchnera.—Leaves opposite or quasi-verticillate. Calyx narrow, oblong.
Corolla-tube slender, straight or gently curved. Anthers 1-celled. Capsule
loculicidal. Seeds obovoid or oblong.
XLII. Cyenium.— Leaves opposite or alternate, sessile or subsessile, Calyx
cylindrical or campanulate-oblong. Corol/a: tube elongated, straight or geutly
curving; limb ample. Anthers l-celled. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds obovoid
or oblong.
_XLIIL, Rhamphicarpa.—Zeaves (at least the lower) opposite, sessile or subses-
sile, sublinear or the segments filiform. Calyzcampanulate. Corolla; tube elon-
gated, slender, straight or somewhat curved; limb ample. Anthers 1-celled.
Capsule loculicidal, Seeds ovoid or oblong.
XLIV. Harveya.— Leaves scale-like, opposite or crowded, sessile. Calyz
campanulate or oblong or dimidiate. Corolla-tube more or less elongated and
gently curved. Anther-cells 2, one polliniferous, the other entire or rudimentary.
Style long. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds irregularly oblong.
XLV. Hyobanche.—Leaves scale-like, imbricate, sessile. Calya-lobes equal
or unequal. Corolla : tube straight or gently curved; limb cucullate or sub-
galeate, 3-lobed. Anthers l.celled. Capsule fleshy, at length deliquescent.
Seeds globose. apsule Heshy, at leng eliq
Tribe 10. EUPHRASIEZ. Leaves opposite. Corolla bilabiate, not spurred
nor saccate at the base; posterior lip erect, galeate, interior in bud. Stamens
4, didynamons, ascending against the posterior lip of the corolla. Anthers 2-
celled. Capsule loculicidal. of . ‘
SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern), 125
XLVI. Bellardia.—Oalye shortly 4-cleft. Capsule turgid, Seeds ovoid.
Sibthorpia europea, Linn. (8. africana, Linn.), was said by Thunberg to
occur in the Cape flora and to be occasional and tolerably common there, though
he gave no precise locality. Some mistake doubtless was made as to the plant
intended ; if the plant belongs to this natural order, possibly it might have been
Diclis reptans: see Thunb. Prodr., 104, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 481. In
Harvey’s Gen. S. Afr, Pl. ed. 2, the genus was not included. 8. africana is
mentioned in Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 17.
Scoparia dulcis, Linn., a common tropical weed and widely diffused in all
warm latitudes, is mentioned in Harv. Gen. 8S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2,270; I have not
seen any South African extratropical specimens.
A specimen of Scrophularia heterophylla, Willd., exists in Thunberg’s Cape
herbarium ; perhaps it was cultivated.
Scrophulariacea, 8264, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docwmente, 63, 93, 131,
219, is Gomphostigma scoparioides, Turez.
Scrophulariacea, 4037, Drége, l.c., 148, 219, is unknown to me.
Euphrasia africana, foliis tenwiter dissectis, Burm, Cat. Pl. Afr. Herm. 9, is
unknown to me,
I. APTOSIMUM, Burch.
Calyx 5-cleft or deeply 5-lobed; lobes narrow or deltoid, valvate
in bud or nearly so. Corolla: tube elongated, much exceeding
the calyx, dilated above the base into a long throat; limb patent,
oblique, 5-cleft ; lobes flat, rounded, nearly equal, two posterior
exterior. Stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments filiform, inserted near
the base of the corolla-tube; anthers included, transverse, ciliate-
hispid, submembranous, with confluent cells, and thus dehiscing
along a single transverse line; posterior pair of stamens feebler,
shorter, and often with empty anthers. Ovary 2-eelled; style fili-
form, exceeding the stamens; stigma small, obscurely bidentate,
emarginate or subcapitate; ovules numerous. Capsule short, com-
pressed at the apex ina plane perpendicular to that of the septum,
obcordate, septicidal ; valves usually bifid, adhering at the base to
the central placentiferous column. Seeds numerous, not very ser
obovoid or compressedly globose ; testa adpressedly reticulate ; funicle
sometimes membranous-dilated ; embryo straight or slightly curved ;
cotyledons ovate.
tufted, mostly woody at the base;
entire, l-nerved; flowers sessile or
cymes, bibracteolate at
Low undershrubs, prostrate or densely
leaves alternate, usually densely crowded, :
subsessile, axillary and solitary, or in abbreviated axillary
the base ; corolla blue or purple, veined, membranous.
Distris. Beside the following, there are a few species in Tropical Africa.
Leaves sessile or subsessile, rigid, usually at length —
spinescent : ve
Flowers exceeding the leaves; leaves 4-1 in.
ger 3 E ] left; leaves white-
Peale é be oF Sie ... (1) albomarginatum,
128 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern), [Aptosimum.
shorter than the calyx, 1 in. long, + in. broad. Aptosimum sp.,
Burchell, Trav. S. Ayr. i. 453 (one of the two species referred to),
286, 289, 298.
Centrat Recion: Carnarvon Div.; at Leeuwe Fontein, Burchell, 1524! at
the northern exit of Karree Bergen Poort, near Carnarvon, Burchell, 1571!
Hopetown Div. ; Brak soil on the Hopetown road, Shaw, 56!
Western KeGion: Great Namaqualand; Tsau, H-rmann, 22! and near Aus,
Steingroever, 17 (ex Engler). Little Namaqualand ; Ookiep, Morris in Herb.
Bolus, 6482! Steinkopf, Schlechter, 11492! q
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; plain, between Lower
Campbell and the Vaal River, Burchell, 1784!
4. A. abietinum (Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 308); a prostrate or
spreading undershrub, glabrous or towards the extremities glandular-
puberulous, not exceeding 1 ft. high; rootstock thick, woody;
branches robust, more or less leafy, spiny; leaves needle-shaped
or sublinear, rigid, spiny-pointed, dark green above, paler beneath,
sessile, not bordered with white, 1 to 1 (usually 4-3) in. long;
flowers usually exceeding the leaves, }—3 in. long ; calyx rather
shortly 5-cleft, puberulous both inside and out, 4-1 in. long; lobes
unequal and ovate or ovate-acuminate; corolla tubular, purple;
capsule ovoid, at length oblately spheroidal, with an abrupt short
compression at the apex perpendicular to the dissepiment, 2 in. long,
septicidal ; valves bifid, persisting long after the fall of the corolla
and the shedding of the seeds; seeds about 12, black, roundly
reniform ; funicle without a membranous dilatation. Benth. in DC.
Prod. x. 345. Ruellia spinescens, Thunb. Prodr. 104, and Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 479. ‘
Var. 8, elongata (Benth. in Lindl. Bot. Reg. under t. 1882); branches elon-
gated, less densely leafy than the type.
CreNnTRAL Recion: Calvinia Div. ; hills and flats near Kamos and Gamosep,
2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1821 ! near Springbok Kuil and Bitter Fontein, Zeyher,
132la! Hantam, Thunberg! Masson! Worcester Div. ; Witteberg, near Matjes
Fontein, Rehmann, 2888! Graaff Reinet Div.; flats by the Sunday River near
Graaff Reinet, 2000-3000 ft., Drege, 2018a! Bolus, 714! Sneeuw Berg?,
Wallich! Beaufort West Div.; Rhinoster Kop near Beaufort West, Burke’
Rhinoster Kop and Doorn Kop, Zeyher, 1321b! Sutherland Div.; Roggeveld,
Thunberg ! Philipstown Diy.; near Petrusville, Burchell, 2678! Prieska Div. : at
Keikams Poort, Burchell, 1615! Var. 8: Victoria West Div.; hills near Victoria
West, Shaw, 1240! Hopetown Div.; near Hopetown, Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 6481!
WestzRN Recion: Little Namaqualand; valley near Kooper Berg,
3000 ft., Drége, 2013b! Kamies Berg, Zeyher, 1272! Var. 8B: Little Namaqua-
jand ; flats between Verleptpram and the mouth of the Orange River, below
1000 ft., Drege, 2443 !
Forms occur intermediate between the type and the variety.
5. A. scaberrimum (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.
xxxi. 185) ; a small undershrub, about 4 in. high; stems densely
leafy, clothed with short spreading stiff hairs; leaves narrowly
linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex, very scabrous with bristles
directed forwards, 12 in, long, 3-3; in. broad; midrib strong and
prominent beneath, persistent and hardening into a spine; flowers
Aptosimum.] —_—_— SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 129
sessile or subsessile; bracteoles linear ; calyx 5-toothed, glandular-
hairy both inside and out; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, distinctly
ciliate, $2 in. long, 3;—, in. broad ; corolla about + in. long ; tube
narrowed to the base from a height of 1-1 in., dilated above
for about + in.; anthers ciliate-hispid; capsule pilose; seeds
tuberculate.
WESTERN REGION: Great Namaqualand ; between Ausis and Khuias, Schenck,
59!
Also in south-west tropical Africa.
6. A. tragacanthoides (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot, Reg. sub t.
1882) ; a decumbent undershrub, under 1 ft. high, glabrous or
minutely puberulous, densely branched; branches woody, spiny ;
branchlets rigid, leafy but less so than in A. abietinum, spiny;
spines strong, tenacious, rather slender, acute, elastic, mostly 3-1 in.
long, straight or nearly so; leaves linear-spathulate, rigidly and
shortly cuspidate-apiculate or mucronate at the apex, attenuate to the
sessile base, 1-11 in. long, 3,—} in. broad; midrib strong, prominent
beneath, often spinescent at the apex, sometimes excurreat below the
apex of the leaf; lower leaves often whitish beneath and passing
into the spines ; flowers not exceeding the leaves; calyx about 2 in.
long ; lobes acuminate from an ovate or lanceolate base, puberulous
inside; tube 2 in. long; corolla 2~3 in, long; capsules depressedly
ovoid, 3-2 in. long, puberulous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 345.
WestERN Recion : Great Namaqualand; without precise locality, Schinz,
30! 47! Little Namaqualand; at Kunkunnuroub between Kook Fontein and
Hollegat River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 2442a! and without precise locality,
Wyley !
7. A. viscosum (Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1882) ; a closely or
densely branched undershrub; stem thick, 2-6 in. high; branches
short, glabrescent, woody, spiny; branchlets subherbaceous, firm,
viscid-puberulous, densely leafy ; spines strong, tenacious, slender,
acute, elastic, }~-1} in. long, straight or nearly so ; leaves oblanceo-
late-spathulate, rigidly and shortly cuspidate-apiculate or mucronate
at the apex, attenuate to the subsessile base, shortly glandular-
pubescent, viscid, 1-2 in. long, —} in. broad, the younger ones
fasciculate with the flowers in the axils of older leaves; midrib
strong, prominent beneath, often spinescent at the apex; lower
leaves passing into the spines: calyx } in. long or rather more,
glandular-puberulous ; lobes deltoid, acute, } in. long; corolla
2-2 in, long; capsules depressedly ovoid, obcordate, } in. long,
densely puberulous above. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 345.
Western Recion: Great Namaqualand; without precise locality, Schinz,
29! 87! Little Namaqualand; on stony and rocky hills near Verleptpram, by the
Orange River, below 1000 ft., Drége, 24420 !
8. A. lineare (Marloth & Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 250); a low usually
stunted undershrub, a few inches or scarcely 9 in. high, very densely
VOL, IV.—SECT. II. e
130 SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). [Aptosimum.
exespitose, shortly and sparingly or more or less densely pilose ; stem
sometimes procumbent and woody; branches densely erowded,
short; branchlets densely leafy; leaves narrowly oblanceolate or
linear, narrowed at the apex into an apiculus, attenuate to the robust
subsessile or sessile base, 11-3 in. long, j,-1 in. broad, finely
hispidulous or sparingly glandular hairy, ciliate below, erect or
ascending ; midrib from a stout base tapering to the apex ; flowers
sessile or subsessile, shortly pubescent, 2-1 in. long; bracteoles
narrowly linear, } in. long; calyx 1-4 in. long, divided two-thirds way
down into 5 narrowly lanceolate-linear aeute pilose-ciliate lobes ;
corolla very bright deep blue ; lower part of the tube much constricted ;
longer stamens reaching the middle of the broader part of the corolla-
tube ; anthers pilose; stigma subcapitate ; style hairy below, very
slender, somewhat exceeding the corolla; ovary compressed, ovoid,
glabrous ; fruit hard, almost woody, 1-2 in. long, bivalved, bilocular ;
valves bifid at the apex; cells many-seeded ; seeds black and scro-
biculate. Hiern, Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. i. 755.
CentTRAL Recion: Hopetown Div.; near Hopetown, Muskett in Herb. Bolus,
2040! 7116! Shan, 54!
Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West; St. Clair, near Belmont, Orpen, 107!
Bechuanaland ; near Mafeking, Bolus, 6412! bushy woods by the Limpopo
River, Passarge, 64! Transvaal; summit of Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 491!
South African Goldfields, Baines! Makapans Poort, 4300 ft. alt., Schlechter,
4321! Boschveld, near Ruchplaats, Wilms, 1807! near the confluence of the
Crocodile and Kaap Rivers, Barberton, Bolus, 7673 !
Also in South Tropical Africa.
9. A. indivisum (Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 219, 225); a dwarf
-undershrub, densely leafy, $-3 in. high ; rootstock more or less
woody ; stem short, woody, in many cases shortly and closely
branched or sometimes scarcely divided; branches extremely short; —
leaves densely esspitose, spathulate or linear-spathulate, very acute
or spiny-cuspidate or apiculate at the apex, gradually attenuate into
the more or less strongly ciliate or nearly glabrous petiole, minutely
tomentose or minutely papillose or often nearly glabrous, sometimes —
ciliate especially about the base, 1-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, crowd-
ing the flowers ; petioles longer than or nearly as long as the leaves ;
bracteoles narrowly linear, puberulous, about 4 in. long, inserted at
the base of the calyx or on the short pedicels ; flowers sessile oF
subsessile, 3-Z in. long, about equalling or shorter than the leaves ;
calyx about 4 in. long, divided half-way down, or rather deeper ; lobes
unequal, ovate-acuminate, shortly pubescent or cottony within, —
ciliate on the margin; corolla purple or blue, with black or dusky
purple spots at the throat ; tube contracted below within the calyx;”
anthers ciliate; capsules persisting for a long time after the fall of
the corolla, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 345; Wettstein in Engl. §
Prantl. Pflanzenfam. iv. 38, 44, fig. 21 C. A. nanum, Engl.
Jahrb. x. 249. Ohlendorfia rosulata, Nees ab E: Bie
DC. Prodr. x. 345, sh ee ae ne eee ae :
Aptosimuwm. | SCROPHULARIACE2 (Hiern). 131
Soutm Arrica: without locality, Forster ! .
Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div. ; Karoo near Gauritz River, below 1000 ft.,
Zeyher ! Bedford Div.; near the Fish River, Burke !
Central Recion: Calvinia Div.; Bitterfontein, 3000-4000 ft., Zeyher,
1320! Ceres Div. ; Hangklip in the Bokkeveld karroo, near Ongeluks River,
Burchell, 1217! at Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte, Burchell, 1252! Prince
Albert Div. ; at Weltevrede, by the Gamka River, 2500-3000 ft., Drege, 620!
Gamka River, Mund § Maire! Murraysburg Div. ; in stony places near Murrays-
burg, 4000 ft., Zyson, 358! Beaufort West Div.; near the Gamka River, Burke !
Fraserburg Div.; near Fraserburg, 4200 ft., Bolus, 7893! Hopetown Diy.; near
Hopetown, 4500 ft., Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 2211!
WesTERN Region: Little Namaqualand ; near Ookiep, Morris in Herb. Bolus,
5719!
KALAHARI REGION: Griqualand West; between Kuruman and the Vaal
River, Cruickshank § Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 2211! Groot Boetsap, 3900 ft.,
Marloth, 754! Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, at the Kloof village, Burchell,
1656! on the veldt at Dutoits Pan, Tuck, A! Transvaal; Boschveld, at Menaars
Farm, Rehmann, 4849 !
This is the Aptosimwm mentioned by Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 841. The
amount and extent of the hairs on the margins of the leaves and petioles are very
variable; in Burchell’s type specimens (1217) the leaves are in some eases
very nearly glabrous, while in others they are ciliate below the middle, and the
petioles are nearly glabrous or ciliate ; in his original description he characterized
the leaves as pubescent or often naked. The specimens (1252) gathered by
him two days later in-the same division, and considered by him to be the same
species (see Burchell, j.c. i. 225) have their leaves and petioles strongly ciliate,
just as in Engler’s A. nanwm. The ecalyx-lobes in the only flower examined of
A. nanum are slightly shorter than in Burchell’s type of A. indivisum.
10. A. depressum (Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 260, without de-
scription); a low undershrub, prostrate, densely or numerously
branched, rigid ; branches more or less woody at least below, short or
in some states elongated, leafy throughout, woolly pubescent or
glabrous ; leaves obovate, often narrowly so, occasionally subrotund,
mucronulate or acuminate, not spinous at the apex, narrowed to the
petiolate base, entire, pubescent or glabrous, }—% in. long, 14,—} in.
broad, sometimes secund ; petioles usually about as long as the
leaves; flowers axillary, numerous, sessile, inserted on the upper side
of the branches, mostly exceeding the leaves, }—} in. long, fragrant ;
calyx subglabrous or woolly outside, woolly or pubescent within ;
lobes lanceolate; corolla puberulous, blue or purple; tube very
slender at the base; throat broad and long; capsule emarginate,
nearly as long as the ealyx; seeds attached by the membranously
dilated entire or lacerated funicle. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1882; Benth.
in DC. Prodr. x. 345. Ruellia depressa, Linn. f. Suppl. 290; Thunb.
Prodr. 104, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 479, not of Wall. Cat. 2379.
Ohlendorfiia procumbens, Lehm. Del, Sem. Hort. Hamb, (1835) ;
Linnea, xi., Litt..Ber.91. A. eriocephalum, E. Meyer ex Benth. in
Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1882.
The following forms, though very different in extreme cases, are closely
connected and cannot be distinguished by good characters :—
8, Benthami; branches and leaves dense and glabrous. _ ‘
, elongatum; branches considerably elongated, comparatively slen of Ger
Coast ReGron : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; between the Oliphants River an ; e-
land, Thunberg! Var. 8: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Thunberg ! Uiten-
K 2
132 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [Aptosimum.
hage ea foot of loge ae ee on auss, 1130! Albany Div.; near the
Fish River by Hermans Kraal, Ecklon ar Bothas Berg, Ath
without "pis locali ity, Mrs. uae, 308 | 7651 Williamson! Queens
Div. 3 near the Zwart Kei River, 4000 ft. , Drége! near Shiloh, 3500 ft., Beak
770!
CenTRAL ReEGion: Calvinia Div.; near Lospers Plaats, 2000-3 rig ft.
Zeyher, 1319! Roggeveld, Thunberg! Hantam, Thunberg! Sutherland Div. ;
12! 58! 67! 95! 208! Cookhouse, eed Cradock Div. ; Cooper, 522! Graaff
Reinet Div. ; Oude Berg, 3000-4000 Drége ! Sneeuw Bergen, 4000-5000 ft.,
Drége ! near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, "980! = lburg Div.; near RMF:
Road, Flanagan, 1401! Con lfillan in Herb. lpin
d Gi i Ga
5568! Beaufort West Div. ; near Beaufort West, "Kuntee! Colesberg Div. ; near
Colesberg, Shaw !
ESTERN — ON: on Namaqualand ; between Hollegat River and the
Orange River, 1000-1500 ft., Drége, 2445! Jus, 2800 ft., Schlechter, 11406!
Little i eihacland, Pella, Mao Se hlechter, 132
KaLAHart RucIoN: Griqua d West ; near : the Vaal River, Nelson, 213!
i qT
n
near the Vaal River, Burke, 80! Zeyher! on flute, Mrs. Barber! Rhenoster Kop,
Zeyher, 1817! near Vredefort Road, Barrett-Hamilton ! Bechuanaland ; Batla-
pin, Banquaketse and Bakwen a Territory, Holub! between Takun and the rains
Matebe Valley, Holub! Stryd Pi Rehmann, 5423! Marabas Stad, Nelson,
116! Pienaars River, Schlechter, ant Vick, ta
Also in Tropical Africa.
A specimen of Ruellia depressa, which I have seen in ge si ae * herbarium,
is Aptosimum depvbdens, Burch., and since the original R. depressa, Linn., was
founded on a plant se age by Thunberg, it may be a as highly probable
that it was the same p as that in Thunberg’s shi bari There is no reason
to believe that Thunberg iia included any other pornos ot hat a poe f.
t
e, unless t Lin
short character cle the leaves as ore and that © Beeline
ition of Thunberg’s Flora the flowers were said to be minute.
C. B. Clarke (Dyer, ne Cap. v. 16) referred Ruellia depressa to Dyschoriste
depressa, Nees
An sii nag of Ohlendor fia procumbens, Lehm., has also been seen
in the Kew Herbari
II. PELIOSTOMUM, Benth.
Ovary 2- celled ; style frliforti: ehh g the
stamens ; stigma ase almost punctiform, emarginate or. very
ee ee ee
Peliostomum.] scropHuLaRrace® (Hiern). 133
slightly bilobed at the apex; ovules numerous. Capsule pid
ovoid- conical or -oblong, acute or obtusely pointed, somewhat com-
pressed at the apex, bisulcate, septicidally bivalved; valves ecply
bilobed, exposing the entire central placentiferous column. Seeds
numerous, rugose, not very small; embryo straight or slightly
curved,
Small a) or wiry ort Siete plants, often viscid; leaves
alternate, crowded or scattered, or rarely opposite, quite entire, 1- nerved ; flowers
subs enile or shortly ne daneulate, silly, solitary, usually bibracteolate at the
base; corolla hs or purple, membra
Disrarp e genus extend into South Tropical Africa.
ya crt, Schinz ex O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 238, from Modder
liver in gs ee nd West, i is phtinron: re me
Leaves oval or obovate-oblong, not ‘sanialicn in, long; anthers shortly
ciliate or nearly glabrous : :
alyx-segments obovate in soa wee ee ... (1) virgatum.
Galya-secinente linear in flow
Viscid-pubescent ; leaves Tai = heerui) opposite (2) oppositifolium.
a -pubescent ; leaves up to 2 in. long,
ate .. (3) viscosum.
Glabrons 4° = neatly 80 me leaves not exceed-
g 4 in. long, alterna ... (4) origanoides.
Leaves cae. or pit up to 1 or 2 it in. sieges ; anthers not very shortly
ciliate.
Calyx-segments +1, 15 in. long wat Se ... (5) leucorrhizum.
Calyx-segments 4-5, in. long as sdee ... (6) calycinum.
1. P. virgatum (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1882);
suffruticose, much-branehed from a woody root otstock ; branches
—12 in. long, rigid, virgate, viscid-puberulous especially towards the
apex, leafy except near the base ; leaves alternate, oval, obtuse at the
apex, somewhat narrowed at the subscale or very 8 hortly petiolate
base, somewhat fleshy and viscid, 1-2 in. long, 0-16 in. broa :
flowers ot subsessile, 3—2 in. “long ; calyx 2 in. long, viscid ;
segments obovate in flower, o oblong i in fruit, obtuse, 2 1 in. long, rather
shorter than the constricted portion of the corolla-tube ; corolla ve
Sparingly pubescent or capi sie fe purple ; — shortly
ciliate; capsule 2 in. long. Benth. in DU. Prodr. x. 3
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Herb. For
he ee ReGion: Vanrhynsdo J deggie ; Knagas Berg, etic 1322 !
RAL Reeion: Ceres Div. ; t Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell 1263!
TERN KeEGIon: Little Namaqualand ; between Zwart Doorn River and
Groen. River, below 1000 ft., Drége! Silver Fontein, near Ookiep, 2000-3000 ft.,
Drége, 2447! between Kook Fontein and Hollegat River, 1000-2000 ft t., Droge;
between Oograbies and Anenous, Bolus , 643! near iep, Morris in Her
Bolus, 5720! and without precise locality, "Scully, 165! Wyley, 107! Vanrhyns-
dorp Div. ; Karree Bergen, 900 ft., Schlechter, 817 79!
*. 2. oppesitifolium (Engl. Jahrb. xix. 149); an undershrub
out 8 in. high; stems numerous, diverging; branchlets 2-3 in.
ong, 5 in. thick, leafy, densely glandular-pilose, with internodes
=} in. long, leafless and ashy when older; leaves opposite, oblong,
134 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [Peliostomum.
spreading, 1-1 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, strongly viscid; flowers
shortly pedicellate, densely glandular-pilose all over; calyx 5-partite
nearly to the base; segments linear, } in. long, =; in. broad; corolla
tube four times as long as the calyx, + in. long, 5 in. broad ; lobes
obovate, 4; in. long and broad ; stamens 4, the longer ones reaching
the corolla-throat ; eapsule oblong, shortly exceeding the calyx, + in.
long, 2 in. broad ; pericarp thin; valves 2, bifid at the apex; seeds
ovoid, brown, 3; in. long.
WESTERN Recion: Great Namaqualand; near Angra Pequena, Hermann,
12!
I have not seen an authentic specimen; the opposite leaves suggest a different
genus and indeed a different tribe.
8. P. viscosum (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1882);
root rather slender, tapering from the base of the stem ; stem woody
about the base, viscid-pubescent above, erect, wiry, loosely branched,
4-6 in. high; branches divaricate, viscid-pubescent, wiry, rigid,
leafy above ; leaves alternate, oval or obovate, obtuse at the apex,
somewhat narrowed to the subsessile or shortly petiolate base, some-
what fleshy, viscid-puberulous, 1-2 in. long, 3-2 in. broad; midrib
strong and conspicuous below except in the upper leaves ; flowers
axillary, subsessile, solitary, 1-2 in. long, exceeding the leaves at
their base ; calyx 5-partite; segments 3—1 in. long, linear in flower,
oblong in fruit, acute, viscid-pubescent, green ; corolla ;%,—2 in. long,
the narrow part of the tube but little longer than the calyx;
anthers very shortly ciliate; capsule 1-1 in. long, puberulous out-
side. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 346.
WestERN ReGion: Little Namaqualand ; along the Orange River, on stony
and rocky hills near Verleptpram, below 1000 ft., Drége, 2446!
4, P. origanoides (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t.
1882) ; an intricately branched undershrub, glabrous or very nearly
so, 2-8 in. high; branches woody-wiry, rather short, tortuous-
prostrate or decumbent, ashy or pallid ; branchlets leafy, minutely
glandular-puberulous; leaves alternate, oval or obovate-oblong,
obtuse or rounded at the apex, more or less wedge-shaped at the base,
shortly petiolate, rather thick, obscurely 1l-nerved, 1-1 in. long,
says In. broad; flowers axillary, solitary, 3-1 in. long, much
exceeding the leaves; peduncles ~,—;, in. long or shorter, usually
bibracteate ; bracts narrow, small; calyx 41-1 in. long, 5-partite ;
segments sublinear or narrowly lanceolate-linear, subacute, green;
corolla blue; throat wide; limb about 2 in. in diam., narrow part
of the tube scarcely exserted; anthers shortly ciliate or nearly
glabrous, all fertile; capsule 44 in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
oa Lycium serpyllifolium, Dunal in DOC. Prodr. xiii. 1.
509.
Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Winter Hoek Mountains, 1000-3000 ft.,
her!
CentRaL ReGion: Somerset Div. ; stony ridges between Great Vogel River
.
.
|
|
Peliostomum.] —_ scropHutartacem (Hiern), 135
and Reit River, MacOwun, 1605! Somerset Hast, Miss Bowker! Graaff Reinet
Div. ; Oude Berg, on stony mountain flats, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 2317! near
Graaff Reinet, Burchell, 2906! Bolus, 356! Graaff Reinet or Zuur Berg
Mountains, Day! Victoria West Div.; Nieuweveld, between Brak River and
Uitvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 626d! Carnarvon Div.; Klip Fontein (probably
Kliplaats Fontein, near Carnarvon), Burchell, 1530! Buffels Bout, Burchell,
1596! Hanover Div.; Karroo plains near Hanover, 4500 ft., Bolus, 2197!
Shaw!
Katanari Reaion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; Griqua Town, Burchell,
1961/4! Albania, Shaw, 58!
This species is probably that mentioned by Burchell (Trav. S. Afr. i. 304 note)
as a doubtful species of Capraria.
Ys. P. leucorrhizum (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t.
1882) ; a rigid, much-branched, very nearly glabrous undershrub,
3-12 in. high or more; branches slender, furrowed, somewhat
herbaceous and angular towards the apex, whitish, smooth and
woody towards the base; branchlets somewhat virgate, slender,
minutely puberulous; leaves alternate, linear or linear-obovate, or
obovate (in the variety y), obtuse, subsessile, rigidly fleshy, glabrous
or nearly so, 3-1 in. long; midrib of the lower leaves obsolete ;
peduncles axillary, =,—;5 in. long; bracts very small ; flowers
usually 1-2 in. long, deep purple; calyx-segments linear-lanceolate,
Tas in, long, minutely puberulous or glabrous; contracted portion
of the corolla-tube often exceeding the calyx, gradually widening
into the tubular-funnel-shaped upper part; anthers long-ciliate,
capsule ovoid-conical, slightly compressed, subobtuse or scarcely
acute, 11 in. long. Benth.in DC. Prodr. x. 346. P. leucorrhizon,
Drege in Linnea, xx. 198.
Var, 8, junceum (Hiern) ; branches twig-like ; leaves sparse, linear, small,
Var. y, grandiflorum (Hiern); leaves narrowly elliptical or obovate; flowers
about 1 in, long.
Sourn Arrrca: without locality, Wyley, 108! 109! 110! Miss Owen!
Var. y: Mrs. Clarke! 4
Centrat Reaion: Calvinia Div.; Bitter Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Zeyher,
1323! between Lospers Plaats and Springbok Kuil River, Zeyher, 1324! Prince
Albert Div. ; a Dwyka River and Zwartbulletje, Drege, 626c ! Victoria
West Div. ; near Victoria West, Mrs. Barber! Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg, near
the Orange River, Mrs. Barber ! Jansenville Div. ; by the Sunday River, eg
2000 ft., Drége ! Hopetown Div.; near Hopetown, Muskett in Herb. Bolus,
2043! Prieska Div.; at Keikams Poort, Burchell, 1619; at Zand Valley,
Burchell, 1624! 1629!
Western REGION : Great Namaqualand, Schinz, 2! 3! 25! Little Bushman-
land; Stickheim, Maz Schlechter, 77! Little Namaqualand; between Hollegat
River and the Orange River, 1000-1500 ft., Drége, 626a! oe
Karananrt Reeion: Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; at the foot of the As “ad
Mountains, Burchell, 2018! 2019! Barkly West Div.; Vaal River, near Barkly
West, 3800 ft., Bolus, 6811! Bechuanaland ; between the Moshowa River .
Hot Station (Chue Vley), Burchell, 2404! Transvaal ; a Mbeies 2s os
Schlechter, 11857! and without precise locality, Holub! Var. 8: Bechuana-
land ; Chooi desert, Burchell, 2338 !
Also in Tropical Africa.
This species is mentioned by Burchell (Tray. 8. Afr. i. 541 note) as a doubtful
new species of Capraria.
136 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). | Peliostomum.
L~ 6. P. calycinum (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 390); an
undershrub ;_ branches angular or subterete, subglabrous, pallid, elon-
gated, 1-8 ft. long; branchlets 2-6 in. long ; leaves alternate, linear,
acuminate at the apex, narrowed to the sessile or subsessile base, —
ascending or spreading, somewhat rigidly fleshy, glabrous or minutely —
puberulous, 1—2 in. long, 5 in. broad ; midrib impressed above,
prominent beneath; peduneles glabrous, bibracteate near the apex,
4-1 in. long; bracts linear, acute, subglabrous, 3—,5; in. long,
sz in. broad; calyx-segments linear, acute, subglabrous, 3—;°; I.
long, 33; in. broad; corolla blue or violet, 2 in. long, gradually
narrowed below; constricted portion of the tube 3-1 in. long;
lobes rounded, violet-purplish, sparingly glandular-pubescent outside,
3 in. in diam.; stamens about 2 in. long; filaments glabrous;
anthers ciliate-bearded ; capsule 1—4 in. long, ecompressedly ovoid,
acute, glabrous ; seeds scrobiculate-tuberculate.
KatanwarRi ReoGion: Orange River Colony; without precise locality, Cooper,
1205! Transvaal; Barberton, in stony places, 2918 ft., Thorneroft, 72 (in Herb.
Wood, 4171) ! in stony places near Louws Creek, near Barberton, 500 ft., Bolus,
Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1328!
EASTERN REGION: Natal ; Umhlali, 400-500 ft., Wood, 5619 !
Used by Kaffirs in making perfame balls, according to Cooper.
Til. ANTICHARIS, Endl.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite; segments narrow, valvate in bud
or nearly so. Corolla membranous, exceeding the calyx, tubular-
funnel-shaped ; tube narrow in the lower part, above dilated into an.
elongated throat ; limb spreading, almost equally 5-cleft, flat ; lobes —
rounded, the two posterior exterior. Stamens 2-4, the two anterior
perfect, the other one or two (when present) shorter and without
anthers ; filaments filiform, inserted above the base of the corolla;
anthers somewhat transverse, glabrous or somewhat pilose, by con-
fluence 1-celled, before dehiscence semilunar or horseshoe-shaped, at
length straight. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform, somewhat claviform
towards the apex; stigma obtuse, entire or emarginate; ovules
numerous. Capsule ovoid or oblong, somewhat acutely pointed at
the apex, bisulcate, exceeding the calyx, dehiscing both loculieidally
and septicidally, exposing the central placentiferous column. Seeds
numerous, small, oblong or ovoid, striate-ribbed ; embryo straight;
cotyledons ovate,
Small erect viscid. pubescent herbs ; leaves alternate, entire ; flowers axillary,
solitary, shortly pedunculate, purplish ; peduncles usually bibracteate.
Distris. A genus of about 9 species, extending to tropical Africa, Arabia, and
Eastern India,
1. A. scoparia (Hiern ex Schinz in Verhand]. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. —
xxxi. 189); an erect suffruticose perennial herb, rigid, much
branched from the base upwards, glandular-pubescent, viscid, |
Anticharis, ] SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 137
6-18 in. high ; branches ascending, rather slender, wiry, sinuous-
virgate, pallid; branchlets glandular-pubescent, pale green, in-
conspicuously striate, distantly leafy ; leaves linear-oblong, obtusely
narrowed at the apex, slightly narrowed to the sessile base, 1-1 in.
long, 5—s'5_in. broad; peduncles axillary, 1-2 in, long, bracteate
above the middle ; bracts 1—1 in. long, erect ; flowers about or nearly
1 in. long ; calyx 5-partite, 1} in. long; segments narrowly obdvate-
oblong and subobtuse ; corolla sparingly and minutely pilose outside,
_the broader tubular portion above the calyx about 2 in. long ; fertile
stamens 2; anthers connate, somewhat bearded, with unequal cells;
barren stamens 2 or 1, shorter than the fertile, without anthers ;
style about 3 in. long, puberulous below; capsule # in. long.
Peliostomum scoparium, E. Meyer ex Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1882;
EL. Meyer in Drége Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 93.
Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; on stony and rocky hills by the
Orange River, near Verleptpram, below 1000 ft., Drége, 2444! and without
precise locality, Wyley, 106!
IV. VERBASCUM, Linn.
Calyx 5-partite or deeply 5-cleft, rarely shortly 5-toothed ;. lobes
imbricate in bud. Corolla rotate; lobes broad and _ slightly
unequal, the back ones exterior; tube very short. Stamens 5, all
fertile ; filaments inserted at the base of the corolla-tube ; the three
back ones or all woolly-bearded; anthers by confluence 1-celled,
transversely or obliquely placed at the apex of the filaments. Ovary
2-celled ; style elongated, entire, somewhat compressed, thickened
towards the apex, stigmatose at the top; ovules numerous. Capsule
globular or oblong or ovoid, septicidally bivalved ; valves usually
bifid, exposing the central placentiferous column. Seeds numerous,
ovoid or oblong, wrinkled, not winged ; embryo straight.
Robust herts, usually biennial, often clothed with a woolly tomentum ; leaves
alternate, entire, variously toothed or lobed ; inflorescence terminal, racemose or
spicate, simple or branched ; pedicels usually short and without bracteoles,
solitary or fasciculate in the axils of bracts or floral leaves; corolla variously
coloured, rarely white. ; a. Kee
Disrriz. A large genus, with several of the species freely hybridizing, chiefly
prevalent in the northern temperate regions of the Old World.
MacOwan, in the Supplement to No. 17, page V. of the third volume of the
Cape Monthly, in 1871 stated that two species, which he did not name, occur in
South Africa. nae
Verbascum Blattaria, Linn., is recorded fom the Coast Region, Paar
Div., by the Berg River, below 500 ft., see Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 10, 99, 228.
1. V. virgatum (Stokes in With. Arrang. Brit. Pl. ed. 2, 227) ;
whole plant green, thinly pilose on the upper part, 1-5 ft. high ;
stem erect, usually simple; radical leaves oblanceolate, subobtuse at
the apex, gradually narrowed downwards into the base or winged
138 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [ Verbascum.
petiole, 8-12 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; stem-leaves oblong, acute at
the apex, cordate and more or less amplexicaul at the base, not or
scarcely decurrent, 4-6 in. long, 31+ in. broad, thinly hairy beneath,
membranous, more or less dentate, the upper smaller; raceme
elongated, 1-2 ft. long, many-flowered ; pedicels 1-3 together, shorter
than the calyx ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, persistent, glandular-
hairy, 11 in. long; corolla-limb 2 in. long; anthers of the two
lower stamens somewhat deeurrent into the violet-woolly filaments ;
style slender, 2 in. long, thinly glandular-pubescent below; capsule
globose, 1-1 in. in diam., marked with four longitudinal furrows,
thinly pilose, tardily dehiscent. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 229. V.
blattarioides, H.R.P. ex Lam. Encycl. iv. 225; Hoffmanns. § Link,
Fl. Portug. t. 28.
Coast Recion: Cape Div.; in a deep shady valley at the foot of Table
Mountain, 200-300 ft. alt., Bolus, 4659! Klein Constantia, Groot Schuur and
Kirstenbosch, Wolley Dod! and without precise locality, Mund!
A native of Europe and North Africa; introduced elsewhere.
Vu ALONSOA, Ruiz & Pavon.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments lanceolate or oblong, somewhat un-
equal, imbrieate at the base in bud, persistent. Corolla expanded,
rotate ; tube obsolete or very short ; limb in many cases resupinats
by the twisting of the peduncle or pedicel, unequally 5-lobed ; two
posterior lobes deep or separate nearly to the base, broad as well as
the short lateral lobes ; anterior lobe the largest; throat scarcely
concave, without spurs or pouches or rarely with two shallow pits.
Stamens 4, all perfect; filaments rather short, declinate at the base;
anthers shortly oblong, by confluence 1-celled. Ovary 2-celled ;
style filiform, unbranched, with a small capitate stigma; ovules
numerous, Capsule ovoid or oblong, obtuse, somewhat compressed,
septicidally bivalved; valves emarginate or bifid, laying bare the
placentiferous column. Seeds numerous, small, punctate-rugose.
Herbs often perennial, or much-branched undershrubs, glabrous except the
inflorescence ; branchlets herbaceous, tetragonous ; leaves mostly opposite, entire
or dentate ; floral alternate, the uppermost bractiform; flowers scarlet, arra
in terminal racemes or rarely axillary.
Distrip. Species 8 or 9, all natives of ‘Tropical and Subtropical America
except the following,
1. A. peduncolaris (V. Wettstein in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.
iv. 3B, 53) (petiolaris); a perennial herb, with the habit nearly ol
A. incisifolia, Ruiz & Pav.; stems slender, glossy, 1-3 ft. long,
loosely branched ; internodes mostly longer than the leaves ; leaves
ovate, acutely pointed at the apex, subcordate or nearly rounded at
the base, strongly and sharply dentate or unequally and subdupli-
cately incise-serrate, glabrous, glossy, pale green, 3-1 in. long,
_ 2-8 in. broad; petioles 2—-% in. Jong, slender, glabrous; peduncles
Alonsoa.| SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern), 139
axillary, slender, }-12 in. long, somewhat twisted, patently divaricate,
solitary, 1-flowered; flowers resupinate; calyx-segments ovate or
ovate-oblong, pointed, about 3-1 in, long in fruit, glabrous, nerved ;
corolla pale scarlet, } in. broad or less, bifoveolate, the pits yellow;
tube somewhat ring-shaped and yellowish-green ; stamens glabrous ;
capsule ovoid, obtuse, emarginate, 1—°; in. long, somewhat com-
pressed, inflated at the base, at length bulged and rugose by the
pressure of the copious seeds; seeds ellipsoidal, rugose, black,
6-furrowed longitudinally. Schistanthe peduncularis, Kunze in
Linnea, xvi., Litterat. Ber. 109.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Harvey! and cultivated specimens !
Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div. ; in wooded gorges near Uitenhage, Zeyher,
3485 !
VI. DIASCIA, Link & Otto.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments laneeolate, ovate or oblong, somewhat
imbricate in bud, persistent and slightly or searcely aecrescent in
fruit. Corolla-tube obsolete or very short ; limb flattened, rotate or
coneave, bilabiate ; posterior lip exterior, bifid or quadrifid ; anterior
lip trifid or simple, the middle or only lobe often emarginate ; all
the lobes more or less rounded ; throat usually producing below the
anterior lip into 2 (or rarely only 1) pits, pouches orspurs. Stamens 4,
didynamous ; anterior pair of filaments usually bent about the base
and passing round the posterior pair, in some species dilated about
or below the middle or forked, in a few species without anthers ;
the posterior pair with anthers; anthers by confluence 1-celled,
usually cohering in pairs. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, narrowly
stigmatose at the apex ; ovules numerous. Capsule obliquely ovoid
or subglobose or elongated, obtuse at the apex, not or scarcely
compressed, septicidal; valves inflexed at the lateral edges and
laying bare the placentiferous column, entire or at the apex emar-
ginate. Seeds numerous, small, reticulate-foveolate, not winged.
‘ | ‘ ieid :
Annual or persistent herbs, usually slender, diffuse or erect, sometimes rigid ;
leaves onesie SP the basal rosulate, the upper sometimes alternate ; inflorescence
axillary or consisting of terminal racemes; flowers purple, rosy, or copper-
coloured.
Distris. Species 47, endemic. ; se
[Mr. Histo would prefer to transpose the generic names ae and
Diascia, and gives his reasons for this course in Journ. Bot. 1901, —
W.T. TD]
Corolla without either pouches, spurs, or pits, rotate ... (1) Engleri.
Corolla with only one broad and shallow pouch,
subrotate ... ae ee es oe ey ... (2) monasca.
Corolla with two very shallow pits or slightly saccate
between the two larger calyx-segments; limb sub-
rotate:
Fertile stamens 4 :
Filaments minutely glandular ; corolla about § in.
broad -. (3) minutiflora.
-
140 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Diascia, —
Filaments shaggy; corolla about 4 in.
broad vee ae ass aes se ... (4) Tysoni.
Fertile stamens 2, the other pair without anthers ... (5) Seullyi.
Corolla with two pouches or spurs or pits :
* Flowers axillary or on radicle peduncles; leaves
usually narrowed towards the base, often pinnatifid :
y Capsules ovoid or subglobose:
Plant dwarf and stemless ... 00... ass ... (6) nana.
Plant with a stem :
Corolla spurred; spurs about 2 in. long,
exceeding the calyx ods ow i
Corolla pouched or foveolate; pouches or pits
shorter than the calyx:
¢ Anthers glabrous; flowers not resupinate :
Lower pair of stamens sterile;
Calyx-segments obtuse; peduncles
4-2 in. long ... % Su :
Calyx-segments more or less acumi-
nate; peduncles 1-2 in. long ... (9) cuneata.
Stamens all fertile :
Filaments of the lower pair of
stamens forked about the middle ... (10) diffusa.
Filaments all entire :
Filaments of the lower pair of
stamens bent at the middle, with
a membranous dilatation :
Corolla 3-4 in. broad ... (11) elongata.
Corolla in. broad... ite ti3} pachyceras.
Filaments all linear or subulate :
Calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate
and lanceolate ... ie ac (18) nemophiloides.
Calyx-segments cordate-ovate or
subulate-acuminate from a
broad cordate base :
Sparingly branched; leaves
runcinate pinnatifid or
sinuate-dentate .., ... (14) runcinata.
Simple; leaves narrowly
elliptical, ovate or obovate,
dentate, incise or subpin-
natifid ... ... ... (15) cardiosepala.
tt Anthers hairy ; flowers resupinate ... (16) nutans.
Tt Capsules ovoid-linear or oblong :
Annual; leaves oblanceolate or oblong :
Corolla with two shallow pits, pockets or
pouches at the base :
Filaments glabrous ; corolla 4-3 in. broad :
Plant decumbent or ascending ... (17) bergiana.
Plant erect... ae re ... (18) gracilis.
Filaments hairy about the middle ... (19) Rudolphi.
Corolla with two short bluntly conical spurs at
the base ; spurs $-} in. long:
Capsules ovoid-linear, }-2 in, long ; calyx-
segments shortly ciliolate ves wee (20) sacculata.
Capsules linear, about } in. long; calyx-
(7) namaquensis.
(8) heterandra.
segments glabrous ie aids ... (21) Pentheri.
Corolla with two subulate spurs at the base ; :
spurs 4-lin. long... --» (22) thunbergiana.
Apparently perennial; leaves broadly “oval or
rotundate ag! (cea): 3 wes sediviiei oe (28) cote
Diascia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 141
** Flowers arranged in terminal racemes; leaves usually
broad at the base or pinnatisect :
Leaves bipinnatisect .., ise is fed .. (24) dissecta,
Leaves pinnatifid or pinnatipartite ... te oe (2) unilabiata.
Leaves dentate or nearly or quite entire ;
{ Capsules ovoid, obovoid, or ovoid-oblong :
Root annual :
Filaments glabrous or minutely sessile-
glandular :
Corolla 4-3 in. broad. . (26) parviflora.
Corolla 4-8 in. broad:
Leaves ovate or suborbicular ;
Corolla with two very
short pouches ; leaves
obtuse sive .» (27) Burchellii.
Corolla-spurs 2, about
+ in. long; _ leaves
acute or apiculate ... (28) Alicia.
Leaves lanceolate-linear or
nearly linear ih ... (29) dielsiana.
Corolla about 4-3 in. broad :
Calyx - segments obtuse ;
corolla nearly 4 in. broad ;
leaves 1-1 in. long ... (30) racemulosa.
Calyx-segments subacute ;
corolla about 2 in. broad ;
leaves mostly #2} in.
long Hs Ee ... (31) expolita.
Filaments loosely clothed with stalked
glands oF: nie as +» (82) Barbera.
Filaments densely shaggy... .. (33) alonsooides,
Root perennial or the plant suffruticose :
Leaves shortly petiolate :
Plant (except the inflorescence)
glabrous or. nearly so :
Spurs or pouches of the
corolla not exceeding } in.
long:
Leaves ovate, strongly
denticulate or sharply
serrate; calyx -seg-
ments acute or sub-
~ acute:
Corolla about 4 in.
broad ... ... (84) ramosa.
in.
broad... ... (35) cordata.
Leaves lanceolate or
ovate-oblong or sub-
linear, sparingly
toothed or entire;
calyx-segments rather
obtuse :
Leaves _ sparingly
toothed, #-} in.
long ... +.» (36) moltenensis.
Leaves entire, 3-1 : ee
in. long... .. (37) integerrima.
Corolla-spurs about gin.
long; leaves 4-3 in. long (38) elegans.
142 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [ Diascia.
Corolla-spurs 3-4 in. long;
leaves 4-1} in. long _—.... (39) capsularis.
Plant pilose or patently hairy :
Stamens all bearing anthers :
Corolla about 3 in.
broad; spurs about
din. long... ... (40) stachyoides.
Corolla about g in. broad ;
spurs or pouches about
#5 in. long ... ... (41) Flanagani.
One pair of stamens without
anthers... = ... (42) purpurea.
- Leaves sessile :
Filaments nearly equal in length (43) rigescens.
Filaments in pairs of unequal
length :
Leaves cordiform, 4-2 in. .
roatiee acting eis ... (44) Macowant.
Leaves ovate-oval or oblong,
vot in. broad... ... (45) denticulata.
++ Capsules linear or nearly so:
Corolla 3 in. broad; spurs }in.long ... ... (46) macrophylla.
Corolla about 4 in. broad; spurs about =}, in. long (47) veronicoides.
1. D. Engleri (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 471) ; a stemless herb,
annual, glabrous, 11-22 in. high; leaves radical, ovate or lanceolate,
obtuse, subentire or sparingly toothed, somewhat fleshy, }-3 i.
long, ;*;-} in. broad ; petiole about 2 in. long; peduncles numerous,
leafless, 1-flowered, 4-1 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate, acute,
ya—s in. long, 35 in. broad ; corolla rotate, nearly without any tube,
neither foveolate nor saccate ; segments suborbicular; filaments
subulate, shaggy with glandular hairs, about 3 in. long; style ;'y in.
long; capsules globose, 4 in. in diam.; valves acuminate, about
half as long again as the calyx.
CrentTRAL ReGion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam hills, Meyer.
2. D. monasea (Hiern) ; an erect herb, suffruticose at the base,
glabrous below the inflorescence, shining, 11 ft. high or more,
apparently perennial, trichotomously branched ; stems and branches
tetragonous, wiry; branchlets erect-patent, leafy, slender, rigid 5
leaves opposite, narrowly lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse with a
callous apiculus at the apex, wedge-shaped at the subsessile or very
shortly petiolate base, distantly denticulate or subentire, somewhat
fleshy, rigid, spreading, glabrous, 1-11 in. long, ~-} in. broad
(lower leaves not seen); teeth spreading at the pointed apex oF
very small; racemes terminal, centripetal, few- or several-flowered,
subcorymbose or at length oblong, 1-2 in. long, bracteate ; bracts
ovate, obtuse, alternate or the lower opposite, entire, sessile, smaller
than the leaves; pedicels axillary to the bracts, slender, rigid, —
4-% in. long, minutely glandular-puberulous, erect-patent ; calyx-
segments ovate or lanceolate, subacute, minutely glandular-puberu-_
lous and eiliolate, about 2,1 in. long; corolla 1-1 in, in diam. —
subrotate, glabrous, scarlet; larger segments glandular-punctate on
Diaseia, | SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern), 143
the throat; upper segment with one broad shallow pouch which is
yellow within; stamens 4, equal; filaments filiform, glabrous or
minutely sessiJe-glandular; anthers glabrous, connivent around the
stigma ; capsule about equalling the ealyx, ovoid.
Coast Reeion: Humansdorp Div.; on the rocky side of the mountain
close to the western bank of the Wagenbooms River, on the northern side of
Lange Kloof, Burchell, 4916 !
3. D. minutiflora (Hiern) ; an erect herb, glabrous nearly through-
out, glaucescent, annual, strictly erect, 4-8 in. high; stem simple,
slender, smooth, leafy at the base; basal leaves rosulate, oval, obtuse
or mucronulate at the apex, narrowed at the base, repand or pinnately
toothed, 1-8 in. long, ~;-1 in. broad; teeth pointed; petioles
4—% in. long ; upper leaves alternate, rather few ; peduncles slender,
axillary or narrowly bracteate at the base, 1-14 in. long, together
arranged in a terminal raceme which occupies half or three-quarters
of the length of the stem, suberect ; calyx-segments lanceolate and
ovate-lanceolate, acute or subaeute, minutely glandular-puberulous
especially on the margin, j,—-} in. long ; corolla about 4 in. broad
and long, purple, with two very small pits at the base; stamens 4,
perfect ; filaments filiform, subequal, minutely glandular ; anthers
glabrous, yellow ; ovary glabrous; capsule ovoid, about 2 in. long.
Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Leos-Poort, not far from
Steinkopf, Schlechter, 11346! Max Schlechter, 3500!
4. D. Tysoni (Hiern); an erect or diffusely ascending annual,
glabrous or slightly pilose, shining, slender, simple or usually
branched, 5-15 in. high or more; stem and branches tetragonous,
the latter divaricate-ascending ; lower internodes very short, the
upper longer than the leaves ; leaves opposite, ovate or the upper
sublanceolate, obtuse: at the apex, subreniform, subcordate or
abruptly narrowed at the many-nerved base, crenate-serrate, mem-
branous or slightly fleshy, glabrous, -1} in. long, 3-1} in. broad,
shortly petiolate or the upper subsessile, lower petioles ranging up to
2 in. long; venation slender ; racemes terminal, elongating, centri-
petal, 2-9 in. long, several- or many-flowered, braeteate ; bracts
alternate, ovate, obtuse, sessile, the upper short and entire, the lower
larger and sparingly dentate, smaller than the leaves 5 pedicels
axillary to the bracts, slender, more or less pilose, ranging up to
nearly 1 in. long, the lower the longer, spreading and near the apex
bent in fruit; calyx-segments lanceolate-oval or -oblong, ones or
subacute, minutely glandular-puberulous and -ciliolate, ;';—;; in.
long; corolla about 4 in. broad, subrotate, with two very small
pouches at the base; stamens 4, perfect ; filaments filiform-linear,
shaggy, flattened, tapering towards the apex, two of them much
shorter and inserted higher than the others ; anthers glabrous, ae
equal ; ovary compressed, glabrous ; style slender, glabrous, equalling
the longer stamens; stigma small, capitellate ; capsule ovoid, sub-
compressed, glabrous, } in. long.
144 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). _ {Diascia. |
CentRat Recion: Murraysburg Div.; on a stony declivity near Murrays-
burg, 4100 ft., Tyson, 4380!
5. D. Scullyi (Hiern); an annual herb, minutely glandular-
puberulous, erect or ascending, loosely branched, 6-9 in. high;
stem striate, weak, branched chiefly below; branches opposite, very
slender or very weak, divaricate, delicately striate, moderately leafy,
the lower prostrate or decumbent; leaves opposite, ovate, obtuse at
the apex, subcordate, subtruncate or obtuse at the base, petiolate,
rather strongly serrate-dentate, thinly membranous, minutely
glandular, nearly glabrous, 1-1 in. long, 1-14 in. broad ; petioles
=4-1 in. long; flowers about 3 in. long and broad, axillary and
subterminal, erect or nearly so; peduncles mostly alternate, very
slender, 7-14 in. long, weak ; calyx-segments unequal, oval or oblong,
obtuse, apiculate, ,,-1 in. long; corolla subrotate, without spurs,
slightly saceate between the two larger calyx-segments, very thin
and tender; one lobe very broad, broadly obovate, retuse at the apex,
about + in. long; the others rounded, about 4 in. long; fertile
stamens 2, glabrous, their filaments 4, in. long, straight; anthers
short, pallid; barren stamens 2, slender, glabrous, dusky, diverging
zs in. long, without anthers; pistil glabrous, } in. long; ovarty _
ovoid, somewhat conical.
WEeEsTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; without precise locality, Scully !
6. D. nana (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 472); a dwarf herb, —
annual, glabrous or nearly so, stemless; leaves fasciculate, spreading
in all directions, radical, oval, oblanceolate or spathulate, pinnatifid,
pinnately toothed or entire, obtuse at the apex, narrowed at the base,
somewhat fleshy, 1—2 in. long, 11 in, broad, teeth or lobes rounded ;
petioles about as long as the leaf-blades; peduncles numerous,
radical, 1-flowered, 2-13 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate, oF
oval-ovate, subacute or subobtuse, 1-1 in. long, ,—; in. broad,
nearly glabrous, with the midrib stronger than the other nerves;
corolla about 3 in. long, 34, in. broad, the two spurs 2—} in. long;
corolla-lobes broadly ovate-rounded, subequal, about 4 in. long;
filaments glandular-pilose towards the apex, nearly glabrous at the
base ; capsules ovoid-globose, 1-1 in. long.
1
5
CEentTRAL Reoion: Calvinia Div.; Onder Bokkeveld, on hills near Matjes
Fontein, 2200 ft., Schlechter, 10917 !
7. D. namaquensis (Hiern); an erect herb, glabrous nearly
throughout, glaucescent, annual, strictly erect, 8—9 in. high, branched
at the base or simple; branches few, slender; leaves mostly basal
and rosulate, lanceolate or narrowly oval, obtuse at the apex, taper-
ing towards the base, pinnatifid, membranous, pallid especially
beneath, 3-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad; lobes obtuse or apiculate;
petioles j-} in. long; upper leaves few, alternate, successively
smaller; peduneles slender, suberect or somewhat arching, 3-1} 12-
long, axillary and narrowly bracteate at the base, together arrang
Diuscia.} SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 145
in terminal simple leafy quasi-racemes and oceupying the upper half
of the stems; calyx-segments ovate and lanceolate, more or less
acute, minutely ciliolate with very short glandular hairs on the
whitish margin, 4,-2 in. long; corolla (exclusive of its spurs) about
4 in. broad, purple; spurs $ in. long, rather slender, obtuse ;
filaments filiform, glabrous; anthers small, glabrous, converging ;
capsule ovoid, glabrous, 3-2 in. long.
WESTERN RxGion: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Aus, between Bowes-
dorp and Buffels River, 2300 ft., Schlechter, 11212!
8. D. heterandra (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16) ;
an erect herb, annual, 2-3 in. high, simple or somewhat branched,
puberulous at least below, resembling in habit Hemimeris sabulosa,
Linn. f.; lower leaves opposite, elliptical or obovate, obtuse at the
apex, narrowed at the base, more or less deeply pinnatifid or the
lowest dentate or sinuate-entire, somewhat fleshy, 3-1 in. long,
os In. broad ; lobes or teeth obtuse, ovate or oblong ; peduncles
solitary, 1-flowered, arising from the upper axils, 1—% in. long; ealyx-
segments nearly glabrous, ovate-oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse,
to~s in. long; corolla with two small pouches, 2 in. broad, sparingly
pubescent outside, glabrous inside; stamens 4, glabrous ; lower
filaments elongated, sterile, dissimilar from the fertile. DC. Prodr.
x. 256; EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 112.
Hemimeris sinuata, Sm. in Rees, Cyelop. xvii. n. 4.
Sovran A¥rica: without locality, Sparrman !
Coast ReGion : Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, between Blauw Berg and Tyger Berg,
below 500 ft., Drége, 7887!
9. D. euneata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii.
17); an annual herb, glabrous or slightly puberulous ; branches
often elongated, decumbent or ascending, ranging up to 14 in. long ;
radical leaves rosulate, oblanceolate, runcinate-pinnatifid, dentate or
repand, rounded at the apex, tapering to the base, membranous,
together with the petiole 3-1 in. long; lobes or teeth obtuse ; upper
leaves alternate or opposite, obovate, oblanceolate or oblong, sinuate-
dentate or pinnatifid, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, aie
rather few and mostly smaller than the radical : ogc gonat re ary
or subracemose, distant or the upper subfasciculate, 1-2 in. ong 5
calyx-segments broadly lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, more : cmt
acuminate, nearly glabrous or seareely ciliolate, ;4;-} in. ong 5
corolla about + in. broad, with two small pouches; stamens mgs :
filaments all subulate, two often without anthers ; capsule ovoid,
Somewhat compressed, 4 in. long; seeds rugose, reddish. Benth. in
DC. Prod. x. 257.
i i | Zeyher
Coas : hage Div. ; near Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 943 :
8179 ag ese iver | Herb Gonder ! roadsides in the Karoo in Uipaenese, 2
Albany Div., 1600 ft., Bolus, 1867! Albany Div.; in sandy places -
Kraal, near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan,1328! aud without precise locality,
L
VOL, IV,—SECT. II.
146 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [ Diascta,
Miss Bowker! Worcester Div. ; along shrubs, in Hex River Valley, 1700 ft.,
Bolus, 7888 !
_ CentRat Rea@ton: Graaff Reinet Div.; Flats near Sunday River, 2000-
3000 ft, Drége, 2294! at the foot of the Tandjes Berg, near Graaff Reinet,
2800 ft., Bolus, 1867 !
Eastern Reaion : Tembuland ; in cultivated places around Bazeia, 2000 ft.,
Baur, 652!
10. D. diffusa (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16) ; a herb
like some Nemophilas in habit; root fibrous, annual; stem single or
several radical ones together, simple or sparingly branched, angular, —
decumbent or prostrate, glabrous, 11-12 in. long ; radical leaves
rosulate, spathulate-oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, attenuate at the
base, pinnatifid, dentate or subentire, including the petiole 3-1} in.
long, 4—4 in. broad, glabrous or nearly so; upper leaves pinnatifid or
subpinnatisect, opposite or verticillate or sometimes alternate,
elongated, 3-1 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, glabrous or nearly so; lobes
or segments 9-11, ovate or oblong, obtuse, unequal ; petiole }-1} in.
long ; peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, as long as or exceeding
the leaves, 1-2 in. long, furrowed ; calyx-segments ovate-acuminate
or lanceolate, acute, shortly ciliate, green, striate, ;4,-} in. long,
three of them approximated and erect, the other two refiexed ; corolla
whitish outside, purple-violet inside, about 3 in. broad, bifoveolate,
yellow outside the two smail pouches; upper lip deeply bifid, lobes
obtuse; lower lip trifid, with equal obtuse concave lobes, middle
lobe emarginate ; stamens all fertile ; filaments 4, the lower bifur- :
cate at the middle, one branch antheriferous, the other membranous-
dilated; anthers 4, glabrous; capsule obliquely ovoid, pointed,
+1 in. long. DC. Prodr. x. 257.
Sourn AFRica: without locality, Masson ! Menzies! Herb. Burmann! Thom!
Forbes, 1121 Grey!
Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; in sandy places near Alexanders Hoek,
300 ft., Schlechter, 5136! Piquetberg Div.; at the foot of Piquetberg Moun- —
tains, 200 ft., Schlechter, 5219! Cape Div. ; sand dunes near Cape Town, Guthrie,
71! Devils Mountain, Pappe! Cape Flats, Harvey! near Witteboom, Drége,
468a ! near Oatlands Point, Wolley Dod, 2934! Camp ground, Wolley Pod,
2758! Simons Bay, Wright, 619! beyond Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 160!
Red Hill, near Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 1534! Culedon Div.; Zwart Berg, —
near the baths, 1000-2000 ft., Zeyher, 3481a!
CENTRAL Recon: Calvinia Div.; Karoo hills near Wilhelms River,
3200 ft., Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus, 2870! Onder Bokkeveld, on hills at Matjes
a Schlechter, 10929; Bitterfontein, on hills, 1000 ft., Schlechter,
ll. D. elongata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16); 4
nearly or quite glabrous herb, annual, ascending or decumbent, —
1-12 in. long, simple or usually branched at least at the base; upper
internodes usually exeeeding the leaves; radical leaves rosulate,
oblanceolate or obovate, obtuse at the apex, tapering towards the
_ base, pinnatisect, pinnatifid or toothed, 1-1 in. long, j,—% in. broad 5
petiole about as long as or shorter than the blade; upper leaves.
opposite, verticillate or alternate, oblanceolate or oval, pinnatifid oF
Diascia. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 147
pinnatipartite, 3-14 in. long, lobes obtuse; peduncles axillary,
slender, solitary, 1-flowered, exceeding the leaves, 1-4} in. long,
furrowed ; calyx-segments ovate or broadly lanceolate, acuminate,
acute, shortly ciliate, green, ;4,—1 in. long, marked at the back with
the raised slender midrib; corolla 1-2 in. broad, with two pits;
stamens 4, all fertile; lower filaments bent at the middle, undivided,
with a membranous dilatation ; anthers all eohering ; capsule ovoid-
subglobose, obtuse, somewhat oblique, 2-1 in. long. DC. Prodr. x.
257. D. bergiana, Pl. Exsice. Eckl. 233, not of Link § Otto, nor of
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 17. Hemimeris diffusa, Linn.
J. Suppl, 280; Thunb. Nov. Gen. Pl. iv. 80, Prodr. 105, and Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 485. Gf. H. peduncularis, Lam. Encyel. iii. 105;
Ml. t. 532 f. 3.
Specimens with flowers smaller than in the type belong to the variety
parviflora of D. elongata, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot, Mag. ii. 16.
Specimens with a very low habit belong to the variety humilis of D. elongata,
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 883, No. 1635, the type of which I have not seen,
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenland! Thom, 85! Sieber, 248!
Harvey, 442! Masson !
Coast Rxrcion: Clanwilliam Div.; Packhuis Berg, 2900 ft., Schlechter,
8645! Olifants River and Brackfontein, Zeyher ! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquetberg
Mountains, 1000-1500 ft., Schlechter, 5197! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain,
Drége, 468)! Cape Div.; near Capetown, Thunberg! Trimen! Bolus, 3740!
Bunbury, 160! Greenpoint, Krauss, 1635! Lion Mountain, Burchell, $738!
Table Mountain, Ecklon ! Bolus, 7963! Camp ground, Wolley Dod, 158!
159! near Hout Bay, Wolley Dod, 1532! Wynberg, Scott-Elliot, 1145!
Uitenhage and Albany Divs. ; in damp stony places, Bowie !
12. D. pachyceras (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 16); an annual herb, erect or ascending, very nearly
glabrous, 3-8 in. high, branched at the base or nearly simple; stem
and branches striate, terete; radical leaves rosulate, narrowly
oblanceolate, ubtuse or rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base,
more or less deeply pinnatifid, glabrous, 3-1} in. long, }—} In. broad ;
teeth or lobes ovate or oblong, obtuse ; petioles 4-8 in. long, dilated
towards the base ; upper leaves alternate or fasciculate, often distant :
peduncles axillary or subradical or subfasciculate and aumyerminsl,
slender, 1-flowered, 1-3 in. long; flowers nodding, large, about $ in.
in diam.; calyx-segments ovate, acuminate at the apex, broad and
overlapping near the base, 4 in. long, ciliolate with very short
whitish hairs; corolla slightly puberulous outside, about } in. long
and 2—% in. broad, with fio ike pouches (about ,’5 in. long and
broad) at the base; stamens all fertile; two lower filaments dilated
and incurved at the middle; young capsules obliquely ovoid, short.
DC. Prodr. x. 257.
Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; Zuur Fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter,
!
CENTRAL Reaion: Fraserburg Div.; on a rocky hill at Dwaal River Poort,
Burchell, 1488! doubtfully referred to this species. . :
Waertan Rietow = Vanrhynsdorp Div.; by Holle River, on Karoo-like
hills, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3157! :
L
148 SOROPHULARIACES (Hiern). [Diascia.
18. D. nemophiloides (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 257); an annual
herb, diffuse, glabrous or minutely glandular-puberulous, simple or
branched chiefly at the base ; stem or branches prostrate, decumbent
or ascending, 1-12 in. long; radical leaves rosulate, oblanceolate,
obtuse at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, pinnatifid or pinnati-
partite or occasionally dentate-sinuate, 3-1 in. long, }—} in. broad ;
lobes ovate or oblong and obtuse ; petioles ranging up to 4 in. long;
upper leaves opposite or alternate, rather smaller and on gradually
shorter petioles ; peduncles axillary especially to the upper leaves,
occasionally subradical, solitary, 1-flowered, exceeding the leaves,
1-y1 in. long, ereet or ascending; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate
and lanceolate, acute or subacute, ciliate with short whitish hairs,
s'5—} in. long ; corolla dark purple or rosy, sparingly pubescent out-
side, 3-1 in. wide, with two small yellow pouches or pits ; stamens
all fertile, glabrous; filaments all glabrous, filiform, not appendaged,
not dilated at the base ; capsule obliquely ovoid, glabrous or
minutely glandular, 2-1 in. long,3— in. broad; seeds obliquely
ellipsoidal, 4; in. long, deeply furrowed longitudinally. Anagallis
capensis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 149. Paderota Bona-spei, Linn. Sp.
Pl. ed. 2, 20. Hemimeris Bone-spei, Linn. Pl. Rar. Afr. 8, n. 1.
—Veronica africana floribus ad gentcula pediculis biuncialibus
insidentibus, Burm. Cat. Pl. Afr. 23.
Sours Arrica: without locality, Herb. Linnzus! Oldenland in Herb. Sloane,
wol. 156, fol. 157, upper specimen! Harvey! Herb. Burmann!
Coast RecGion: Clanwilliam Div.; Zuur Fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter,
8533! Lamm Kraal, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 10839! Piquetberg Div.; on hills near
Porterville, 550 ft., Schlechter, 10734! Tulbagh Diy.; on hills near Piquetberg
Road, 400 ft., Schlechter, 10708! in open places near Tulbagh Kloof, 300 ft.,
Bolus, 9067! Cape Div.; Cape Flats at Doorn Hoogte, Zeyher, 3431b! Chap-
mans Bay, Wolley Dod, 1673! near Maitland Station, Wolley Dod, 3223! Creek
by Paarden Island, Wolley Dod, 3310! sand-dunes near Cape Town, 50-100 ft.,
Guthrie, 95! Culedon Div. ; Hermanuspeters Fontein, 100 ft., Guthrie!
WestERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; near. Klip Fontein, among rocks,
about 3000 ft., Bolus in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 645!
_ 14. D. runcinata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 16); an erect or ascending herb, annual, glabrous or slightly
puberulous, 3-12 in. high, nearly simple or sparingly branched from
the base; stem and branches slender; radical leaves rosulate,
oblanceolate or obovate, runeinate-pinnatitid or sinuate-dentate,
obtuse at the apex, tapering towards the base, membranous, together
with the petiole 3-2 in. long, 1-1 in. broad ; lobes or teeth obtuse ;
upper leaves few, alternate, distant, the uppermost smallest;
peduncles axillary and quasi-terminal, elongated, slender, 1-flowe
3-3 in. long, together forming terminal somewhat leafy termi
quasi-racemes, the upper in pairs or subumbellate ; calyx-segments
subulate-acuminate from a broad eordate-dilated overlapping base,
z5—% in. long, shortly ciliate on the margin; eorolla 1—} in. b
copper-coloured, with two small pouches; filaments all subulate;
anthers 4, glabrous; capsule ovoid, 3-1 in. long. Benth. in DC-
Prodr., x, 257.
Diascia.] SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 149
WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Koper Berg and Kook
Fontein, 2000-3000 ft., Drége ; on the Flats at Silver Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége,
31546! Garrakoop Poort, in stony places about 8000 ft., Bolus, 644!
15. D. cardiosepala (Hiern) ; an annual herb, erect, simple, nearly
glabrous, minutely glandular, shining, 3-5 in. high, leafy, weak ;
stem 1-3 in. long; leaves crowded at the base, alternate, erect or
suberect, petiolate, narrowly elliptical, ovate or obovate, obtuse at the
apex, attenuate at the base, dentate, incise or subpinnatifid, mem-
branous, subglaucous beneath, 1-1 in. long, 4-2 in. broad ; teeth or
lobes obtuse, directed upwards; petioles }—1 in. long, somewhat
dilated at each end; flowers pedunculate, axillary, about % in. long
and 2 in. broad, few ; peduneles 1-flowered, erect or suberect, often
bent or curved near the apex, slender, furrowed, 14-3 in. long,
ebracteate ; calyx-segments pale green, cordate-ovate, subacuminate,
minutely glandular, ciliolate, nearly equal, about 1 in. long by 5 in.
broad ; corolla in the dry state pale purple for the most part, dark
purple about the base and on the two short broad depressed blunt
pockets, with two orange-coloured patches above the pockets ;
stamens 4, all bearing anthers, glabrous; anthers cohering
in pairs; filaments flattened, not lobed, even or one pair slightly
dilated towards the base, =1,—,; in. long ; pollen globose, corrugated-
furrowed; furrows shallow, about 7-8 radiating from a pole; capsules
not seen.
_ Centra Recion: Calvinia Div.; Nieuwondtville, Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus,
9380!
16. D. nutans (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 472); an annual herb,
3-5 in. high, erect, pilose on the stem and petioles, otherwise
glabrous ; leaves ovate, obtuse at the apex, membranous, petiolate,
erenate or dentate, 2-1 in. long, 1} in. broad, the floral sessile,
lanceolate or linear and entire or with few teeth ; petioles {—} in.
long; peduncles patent, subfasciculate; flowers axillary, nodding ;
calyx-segments lanceolate, acute ; corolla flattened, 5-lobed, with
2 pouches ; lobes broad, obtuse; the two posterior (lower by resupi-
nation) very short, reaching the base of the corolla, round, in. in
diam.; the three anterior (upper by resupination) }-} in. long,
18 in. broad, broadly ovate, middle one the largest; stamens
exserted, the longer about 53; in. long; lower filaments dilated and
geniculate at the base, 53; in. broad at the dilatation, exceeding the
upper; anthers shaggy; style 1—,%; in. long.
Cenrrat Recon: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer !
T have not seen the type of this species ; the resupinate flowers are exceptional
in the génus.
17. D. bergiana (Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. 7, t. 2) ; an annual
herb, glabrous or nearly so, decumbent or ascending, simple or
branched chiefly at the base, short or scarcely 1 ft, long, 13-3 in,
high; stem and branches angular, striate, rather slender ; lower
150 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Diascia,
leaves rosulate or approximated, runcinate-pinnatifid or oval-oblong
and dentate, obtuse at the apex, narrowed or attenuate at the base,
1-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, teeth or lobes broadly ovate and
pointed or acute; petiole about 3—% in. long; upper leaves alternate ;
peduncles axillary, slender, somewhat angular, 1-flowered, $-2 in,
long; c¢alyx-segments broadly lanceolate, acute, minutely ciliolate,
j,—1 in. long; corolla 2 in. long, 3-2 in. broad, purple, with two
yellow pouches forming short broad obtuse appendages; lobes
rounded, reddish, each with a white spot, outside marked with very
small raised black points; stamens glabrous, all perfect; filaments
linear-subulate, connivent, connate at the base, the upper at the
base bent round the lower ; style about equalling the stamens ; stigma
small; capsule narrowly ovoid-conical, acuminate, mucronate at the
apex with the remains of the style, 1—2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad.
Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 258, not of Beuth. in Hook, Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 17, nor of E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 96.
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Bergius! Harvey, 34!
Coast Region: Cape Div. ; in grassy sandy fields near the shore at Sea
Point, below 50 ft., rare, Bolus, 4770! Worcester Div. ; among shrubs in Hex
River Valley, 1600 ft., Bolus, 7889!
18. D. gracilis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 177); an
annual herb, erect, very nearly glabrous, 2-8 in. high, simple or
branched at the base; branches ascending-erect, striate, slender ;
radical leaves rosulate, oblanceolate-spathulate or narrowly oval,
obtuse at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, pinnately toothed or
repand, 2-1 in. long, —2 in. broad, teeth pointed or obtuse ; petiole
$-% in. long; upper leaves few, alternate, gradually smaller; the
uppermost more numerous and still smaller; peduncles axillary,
together arranged in terminal leafy racemes, the lower 14-3 in.
long, the upper gradually shorter; flowers }—1 in. long; ealyx-
segments 2 in. long, lanceolate, acute, ciliolate with short whitish
hairs ; corolla purplish, 3 in. broad, with very shallow golden-yellow
pouches ; stamens glabrous ; filaments all filiform or linear-subulate,
zo in. long, bearing anthers, glandular; capsule ovoid-linear, 3%; 1n-
long, 5 in. broad.
Coast REGION : Clanwilliam Div. ?; at Bull Hoek, 500 ft., Schlechter, 8377!
Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley, Wolley Dod, 4006!
19. D. Rudolphi (Hiern); an annual herb, mostly glabrous, sub-
glaucescent ; stem ascending or decumbent, a few inches long; lower
leaves rosulate or crowded, oblanceolate or obovate, rounded or some-
what pointed at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, pinnatifid or
dentate, §—§ in. long, 1-1 in. broad, lobes or teeth rounded or some-
what pointed ; petioles 11 in. long; upper leaves mostly opposite, —
with internodes about 1 in. long; peduncles axillary or subradical, —
13-2} in. long, suberect or ascending ; calyx-segments lanceolate, —
subacute, green, shortly ciliolate with whitish hairs along the whitish
Diascia.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 151
margin, ;';—} in. long; corolla 3-3 in. broad, with two very short
and broad pouches or pockets, not spurred; stamens 4, all bearing
anthers ; filaments hairy about the middle and somewhat dilated ;
anthers glabrous ; young fruit ovoid-oblong, exceeding the persistent
calyx-segments.
CENTRAL Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.?; on hills at Vuur (Zuur?) Fontein,
900 ft., Schlechter, 10977!
20. D. sacculata (Benth. in-DC. Prodr. x. 258); an annual
herb, glabrous, shining, 13-9 in. high, simple or loosely branched ;
stem and branches slender, furrowed ; radical leaves rosulate, oblong,
oval or runcinate-oblanceolate, rounded or obtuse at the apex,
narrowed at the base, membranous, sinuate-dentate or pinnatifid,
3-14 in. long, 1-8 in. broad, lobes ovate and obtuse ; petiole 3-1 in.
long; upper leaves opposite or alternate, often distant; peduncles
axillary, slender, 1-31 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate, acumi-
nate, shortly ciliolate, 14 in. long; corolla about } in. long, less than
+ in. broad, with two bluntly conical spur-like pouches 4— in, long ;
stamens all fertile ; filaments subulate ; capsules ovoid-linear, 3—? in.
long, 3,1 in. broad. D. bergiana, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 17; E. Meyer in Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 96,
178; not of Link & Otto.
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Zekoe Vley, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8503!
Oliphants Kiver and Brak Fontein, Zeyher, 403! 434! Piquetberg Div. ; Porter-
ville, 550 ft., Schlechter, 107384! Cape Div.; on sand-dunes at the foot of
the Tiger Berg, near Durban Road station, below 100 ft., Bolus, 3928!
Caledon Div.; by the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3480! Worcester Div.; Hex
River Valley, Wolley Dod, 4005; Tulbagh Div.; in grassy places at Steendal,
Herb. Harvey! Pappe! :
CENTRAL KEGION: Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 671!
Western Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; on karroo-like hills, near Mieren
Kasteel, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 3155!
21. D. Pentheri (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 431) ; a weak
herb, in habit and size of flowers nearly resembling D. bergiana,
stemless or somewhat branched at the base; lower leaves rosulate,
ovate-elliptic or -oblong, obtuse at the apex, narrowed at the
base into the petiole which is almost as long as the blade, slightly
crenate or dentate on the margin, glabrous on both faces, rather thin,
1-2 in. long; stem-leaves smaller and shortly petiolate ; pedicels
orf
axil i ding, 11-2 in. long ; calyx-
axillary, filiform, glabrous, erect or ascending, 1;—4 in. long ; calyx
segments linear-lauceolate, acute, glabrous, $ in. long; corolla rosy;
tube widely campanulate ; lobes nearly equal, rounded ; spurs 2,
conical, obtuse, pendulous, 2 in. long ; filaments subfiliform, glab-
rous; anthers 4, perfect, minute; style subfiliform, glabrous, about
#s in. long; capsules linear, glabrous, about } in. long, nearly 5 in.
thick, crowned with the persistent filiform style ; seeds rounded,
brown, foveolate underneath.
Coast Reaion: George Div. ; in rocky places among the mountains in sandy
soil behind Montagu Pass, 2500 ft., Penther.
152 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [ Diascia,
22. D. thunbergiana (Spreng. Syst.Veg. ii. 800) ; anannual herb,
glabrous, erect or ascending, 3-15 in. high; stem simple or branched
from the base, rather slender; branches elongated, diffuse, ascending
or erect ; leaves opposite or 3-verticillate or alternate, oblanceolate or
obovate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base,
pinnatifid or toothed or entire, erect or ascending, 3-2 in. long,
1_3 in, broad, membranous, glossy, the lower tapering towards the
base ; lower petioles as long as or shorter than the leaves, the upper
short or obsolete ; peduncles 13-4 in. long, slender in the upper
axils, together forming terminal somewhat leafy racemes ; calyx- ©
segments lanceolate-acuminate from a broad base, minutely ciliate,
some or all reflexed in the flower, ~,-1 in. long; corolla }—% in.
broad, deep purple inside, red on the margin, with four yellow spots
in front; lower lip ovate-rounded, bifid, with two callosities inside
and a single intruded pit outside; upper lip with two spurs at the
base; spurs subulate, directed towards the front, 3-1 in. long;
filaments 4, subulate, simple, purple, ereet, not dilated at the base,
7,1 in. long; anthers yellow, eohering, small; capsule narrowly
conical-oblong, glabrous, 3-1 in. long. Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 17, and in DC. Prodr. x. 258; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 76. D. tanyceras, E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. ii. 17; Benth. in DO Prodr. x. 258. Antirrhinum
longicorne, Thunb. Prodr. 105; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 483.
Nemesia longicorne, Pers. Syn. ii. 159. N. longicornia, Vent. et
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 264.
Souta ArFrica: without locality, Patterson! Thom!
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Wupperthal, Wurmb. in Herb. Drege,
31526! near Clanwilliam, 350 ft., Bolus, 9066! Schlechter, 8590! Bull Hoek,
500 ft., Schlechter, 8374! on hills at Lamm Kraal, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 10846!
on hills near Doorn River, 600 ft., Schlechter, 10870! Bosch Kloof, 600 ft,
Schlechter, 8457 1 Oliphants River and Brak Fontein, Zeyher / Piquetberg Div. 5
Piquetberg, in gravelly places, Masson ! Thunberg / in sandy places, near Porter-
ville, 800 ft., Schlechter, 4904! Malmesbury Div.; in sandy places near Groene
Kloof (Mamre), 300 ft., Bolus, 4316! hills near Mosselbanks River, Thunberg!
Riebecks Castle, Thunberg !
CzenTRaL Reeion: Calvinia Div.; on hills of Oorlogs Kloof, 2400 ft»
Schlechter, 10937! 10992!
Western ReGion: Little Namaqualand; among rocks near Klip Fontein,
8000 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 646! Modder Fontein, 1500-2000 ft.
Drége, 3152a! and without precise locality, Scully, 24!
The following specimens are doubtfully placed under this species :—
Centrkat Recion: Ceres Div.; at Ongeluks River (see ‘‘ Hemimer is
montana ?,” Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i, 222 note), Burchell, 1224/2! at Yuk
River Hoogte (one of the two species of Hemimeris mentioned by Burchell, le.
i. 225 note), Burchell, 1274!
23. D. rotundifolia (Hiern); apparently perennial; stems rigid,
pilose with short whitish spreading crisp or weak hairs, ascending, —
branched above, 10-12 in. high, leafy ; leaves opposite, broadly oval
or rotundate, rounded at the apex, subtruncate .at. the 5-7-nerved
base, shortly petiolate, firmly herbaceous, sparingly pilose, dusky —
Diascia.] SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 153
green above, somewhat paler beneath, obtusely denticulate or sub-
repand, j—1 in. long and broad; petioles ,—1 in. long, pubescent ;
peduncles axillary, slender, pubescent, 3-1 in. long, longer than the
leaves, erect-patent; calyx-segments narrowly oval, ;;-} in. long,
obtuse, puberulous, corolla about } in. broad; spurs 2, oblong,
obtuse, 4-3 in. long, minutely glandular-puberulous ; filaments 4,
glabrous, filiform, all antheriferous, two of them shorter than the
others ; anthers glabrous; ovary glabrous, obliquely conical.
Eastern RuGion: Natal; between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms,
2182!
24. D. dissecta (Hiern); an annual herb, strictly erect, slender,
glabrous, loosely branched near the base, 1} ft. high; branches
opposite, patent, prostrate or ascending, tetragonous, 4—8 in. long ;
leaves opposite or the upper alternate, bipinnatisect, sessile or shortly
petiolate, 3—1 in. long and broad ; segments linear and obtuse ; base
or petiole narrowly decurrent; internodes mostly longer than the
leaves; racemes terminating the stem and branches, few-flowered ; —
pedicels short ; bracts entire or cut like but smaller than the leaves ;
calyx-segments linear or lanceolate, obtuse, ;; in. long, sparingly and
minutely glandular; corolla 2 in. broad, with two very short
pouches ; filaments linear, glabrous; the two lower long, slender,
arching, with a membranous dilatation at the base; anthers. some-
what hairy; ovary depressedly ovoid; style long ; ripe eapsules not
seen.
CENTRAL REGIon : Sutherland Div.; Klein Roggeveld, Burchell, 1289!
This is one of the 8 species of Hemimeris mentioned by Burchell, Trav.
8. Afr. i, 245.
25. D. unilabiata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 257); an annual
herb, erect or ascending, glabrous or somewhat hairy, 6-18 in. high ;
stem tetragonous, hairy, purplish, branched from the base or simple ;
branches decussate, tetragonous, glabrous, simple or divided, erect-
diffuse, long; branchlets like the branches; leaves opposite and
alternate, ovate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, obtuse
or attenuate at the base, pinnatifid or pinnatipartite, 1-]2 in. long,
1_2 in, broad ; lobes or segments alternate, linear or oblong, obtuse,
entire or nearly so or again pinnatipartite ; petioles glabrous, shorter
than the leaves, channelled above, convex beneath ; flowers racemose,
alternate, pedunculate; peduncles tetragonous, somewhat hairy,
erect, drooping, 1-flowered, 1-3 in. long, bracteate at the base,
fasciculate-racemose towards the ends of the branches ; bracts linear,
obtuse, glabrous, patent, shorter than the peduncle ; calyx green,
somewhat hairy ; segments lanceolate or linear, obtuse, spreading,
or the two posterior reflexed, many times shorter than the corolla,
3;—1 in. long ; corolla crimson, } in. broad ; upper lip violet at the
lower part, nectariferous pouch at the base lengthened out into two
yellowish horns somewhat shorter than the calyx; lower lip very
small in proportion to the upper; filaments 4, glabrous, the two
154 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern), [Diascia.
upper longer and larger than the others, clavate at the base, filiform
above, arched-inflexed ; anthers inflexed, green at the base, yellow
at the middle, hairy and blue at the apex; style long, persistent;
capsule ovoid, subtetragonous, bisuleate, compressed at the apex,
emarginate, somewhat pubescent. Hemimeris unilabiata, Thunb.
Nov. Gen. Pl. iv. 78; Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 486.
Antirrhinum unilabiatum, Linn. f. Suppl. Pl. 279. Alonsoa unilabiata,
Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 1, 31.
Soutu AFRicA: without locality, Herb. Burmann !
Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Zuur Fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter,
8556! in sandy fields between Verlooren Valley and Lange Valley, Thunberg !
Masson! Piquetberg Div.?; in sandy places near Alexanders Hoek, 300-100 ft.,
Schlechter, 5124!
Centrat Reeton: Calvinia Div.; on hills at Matjes Fontein, in the Onder
Bokkeveld, 2200 ft., Schlechter, 10919!
26. D. parviflora (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 17); an
annual herb, erect, ascending or decumbent, slender, glabrous, simple
or sparingly branched from the base, 42-12 in. high; stem and
branches tetragonous, smooth, nearly bare of leaves above the mid-
dle; leaves opposite, ovate or subrotund, obtuse or subacute at the
apex, often somewhat cordate at the base, entire or mostly denticu-
late, membranous, 34—2 in. long, 1—8 in. broad, petiolate; lower
4 6
petioles about as long as the leaves; racemes terminal, elongated,
many-flowered, 2-6 in. long ; pedicels slender, alternate, spreading,
1—8 in. long, mostly bracteate at the base; bracts cordiform-lanceo-
late, sessile, very small or ranging up to + in. long; calyx-segments
lanceolate or ovate-oblong, subacute, »,—}, in. long, not ciliate;
corolla shortly bisaecate, nodding, 11 in. broad; filaments 4,
subulate, glabrous; capsule narrowly ovoid-oblong, obtuse, about
i in, long. DC. Prodr. x. 258, incl. var. tenera. Antirrhinum
levigatum, Sol. in herb. Banks. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr, x. 258.
Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Masson !
Coast ReGion: Worcester Div.; Hex River Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drége,
7876! mountains east of Hex River station, Wolley Dod, 4007! Caledon Div. ;
mountain ridges along the lower part of Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3478!
Fort Beaufort Div.; damp shady places by the Kunap River, Zeyher !
27. D. Burchellii (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 258); an annual
herb, glabrous or very nearly so; stem weak, decumbent, usually
branched at the base, striate and furrowed, obtusely tetragonous,
6-12 in. long ; leaves opposite, broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse
at the apex, usually cordate at the base, crenate-serrate, rather thinly
membranous, 1-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, the upper subsessile, ;
the lower petivles ranging to an inch long, the lowest to 4 in.;
racemes terminal, many-flowered, simple, rather lax or elongated ;
pedicels slender, the lower 1—2 in. long, the upper shorter; bracts
ovate, acute, cordate, sessile, smaller than the leaves, usually deflexed 3
calyx-segments ovate, oval or lanceolate, obtuse or acute, 7;—7'o 12+
long; corolla puce-coloured or purple, about 1—1 in. broad, with
two very short pouches; filaments linear, flattened, glabrous;
Diascia.] SCROPHULARIACEH& (Hiern). 155
capsule ovoid-oblong, obtuse, 1 in. long, } in. broad; seeds marked
with parallel furrows.
Coast Recron: Worcester Div.; among shrubs in Hex River Valley,
1700 ft., Bolus, 7890; 8012! Wolley Dod, 4008!
CentraL Region: Sutherland Div.; between Kuilen Berg and the Great
Reed River, Burchell, 1364! Ceres Div. ; at Ongeluks River, Burchell, 1224/1!
at Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte, Burchell, 1261!
Eastern Region: Transkei; near the mouth of the Bashee River, ‘ pink
butter-cups,”” Bowker, 455!
This species is probably the Hemimeris diffusa ? mentioned by Burchell, Trav.
8. Afr. i. 222, note; also one of the 2 species of Hemimeris mentioned by him,
lie. i, 225, note; it is also the Hemimeris, ].c. i. 260, note,
28. D. Aliciee (Hiern); an annual herb, shining, glabrous for the
most part, divaricately branched, more than 1 ft. high ; stems and
branches slender, tetragonous; internodes mostly exceeding the
leaves; leaves opposite, ovate, acute or apiculate at the apex, sub-
truncate or subcordate at the base, membranous, serrate-dentate,
many-nerved at or near the base, light green above, paler and sub-
glaucous beneath, 3—13 in. long, 2—1 in. broad or rather more; teeth
apiculate; petioles ranging up to 2 in. long, dilating at the apex,
narrowly decurrent at the base; flowers racemose, numerous, pink,
about & in. broad; racemes terminal and axillary, 14-6 in. long,
bracteate ; bracts alternate or subopposite, ovate-acuminate or lanceo-
late, acute, spreading, entire, or the lower with a few teeth, ;4—} in.
long; pedicels slender, divaricate or patent, more or less flexuous or
curved, ranging up to nearly 1 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate,
acute or subacute, trinerved at least in fruit, ;4>—-4 in. long; anterior
lip of the corolla roundly oval, about 3 in. long; spurs 2, diverging,
sublinear from a conical base, obtuse, about 4 in. long; posterior
lip bifid, about 2 in. long; stamens 4, all bearing anthers ; filaments
linear-flattened, minutely sessile-glandular, j,—;; in. long; anthers
glabrous, cohering in pairs; style glabrous, z4—s'5 in. long; capsule
ovoid, glabrous, ;8;—} in. long.
EasterRN Region: Transkei; Kentani district, in
1500 ft., Alice Peyler, 401!
29. D. dielsiana (Schlechter MSS.) ; an annual herb, glabrous or
very nearly so; stem erect or ascending, branched, rather slender,
rigid, tetragonous ; branches erect-patent or suberect, slender ; leaves
opposite, lanceolate-linear or nearly linear, subacute at the apex,
narrowed at the shortly petiolate or subsessile base, entire, j~1 in.
long, 3,—-} in. broad; racemes terminal, 1-4 in. long; pedicels
slender, 1-11 in. long, axillary to the braets ; bracts lanceolate or
ovate, sessile, alternate, gradually shorter than the leaves, erect-
patent or ascending; calyx-segments lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse,
1 in. broad; spurs conical, diverging, about
yz-} in. long ; corolla 1-4
+ in. long; filaments filiform, glabrous; capsule ovoid-oblong,
glabrous, 3—3 in. long, 3-2 in. broad.
Coast ReEGIon: Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Rust, 125! 227!
valleys and along streams,
156 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Diascia.
30. D. racemtlosa (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 17);
a branched herb, glabrous or very nearly so, 14 ft. high or more,
pethaps annual; branches rather slender, tetragonous, the lower
ascending, the upper divaricate; leaves opposite, broadly ovate,
obtuse and mucronulate or the upper shortly acute at the apex,
subeordate or subtruncate at the base, dentate, rather thickly
membranous, slenderly 5-nerved at the base, delicately veined, }—1 in.
long and broad; upper internodes longer than the leaves, middle
ones shorter ; petioles ~,—1 in. long, narrowly decurrent; racemes
very slender, terminating the branches and subterminal in the upper
axils, few- or many-flowered, simple or somewhat divided, 1-4 in.
long ; pedicels slender, short or some of them elongated ; bracts
ovate, smaller than the leaves; calyx-segments ovate, obtuse, 3/5 i.
long ; eorolla nearly 3 in. broad; spurs 2, widely diverging, about
2 in. long; filaments glabrous; capsule ovoid, } in. long. DC.
Prodr. x. 259. D. ramulosa, EB. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 150, 178.
Eastern ReGion: Pondoland; bushy places in valleys, between Omtata
River and Umzikulu River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4849!
31. D. expolita (Hiern) ; a graceful herb, glabrous or very nearly
so, glossy, glaucescent; stem 2 ft. high or more, obtusely tetragonous,
loosely branched above, slender; branches very slender; internodes
mostly exceeding the leaves; leaves opposite, broadly ovate oF
cordate, acutely pointed or obtuse at the apex, reniform-cordate about
the shortly narrowed 5—7-nerved base, membranous, shortly dentate,
891 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, sometimes smaller; petioles ~,—} i0-
long, narrowly decurrent; racemes terminal and axillary, very —
slender, sinuous, many-flowered, 13-11 in. long; bracts ovate,
acuminate, sessile, cordate, spreading, ;4,—1 in. long; pedicels very
slender, often curved, 1—13 in. long, alternate ; calyx-segments ovate
or ovate-oblong, 4 in. long, trinerved, pale green, whitish on the
minutely glandular margin, subacute; corolla about 2 in. broad;
spurs 2, diverging, obtusely conical, about 1-1 in. long; filaments 4,
linear-filiform, glabrous, about ~; in. long, all bearing anthers;
capsules subglobose, glabrous, about =}, in. in diam,
Eastern RecGion: Natal; Ismont, Wood, 1841!
82. D. Barberse (Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5933) ; an herb, apparently
annual, 10-20 in. high, nearly glabrous, erect; stem slender,
tetragonous, green, loosely branched at the base or upwards ;
branches slender, elongated, leafy below; leaves opposite, ovate,
obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, very obtuse at the base, erenate-
serrate or serrulate, rather thick, bright green on both faces, shortly —
petiolate, 3-12 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, the uppermost smaller
subsessile ; petioles 4,—% in. long or the uppermost shorter ; racemes
terminal, erect or ascending, many-flowered, simple, bracteate, 4—6 i-
long; bracts ovate, obtuse or apiculate, 1-1 in. long; pedicels
Diascia.| SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). 157
slender, glandular, }~1 in. long or the upper shorter ; calyx-segments
ovate or lanceolate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, glandular-pubescent,
zs—% in. long ; corolla 3-2 in. broad, bright rosy pink with a small
yellow spot on the throat between the bases of the two upper lobes,
the spot with two green dots in its centre; two upper lobes rounded,
% in. in diam. ; two lateral lobes + in. in diam.; lower lobe 2 in.
broad, obscurely quadrangular; spurs 2, 2 in. long, diverging,
eylindrical, decurved, obtuse, blueish-purple towards their somewhat
swelled tips; filaments rather short, cylindrical, loosely clothed with
stalked glands; ovary glabrous; capsules ovoid-oblong, obtuse,
3+ in. long, 1-1 in. broad. Wettstein in Engl. § Prantl, Pfllanzen-
S717
Jam. iv. 3B, 44, fig. 21 L.
SoutH AFRica: cultivated specimen !
CENTRAL ReGcion: Somerset Div. ; without precise locality, Bowker !
Katauari Reeron: Orange River Colony; roadside in the Caledon Pass,
leading from Witzies Hoek into Basutoland, about 7875 ft., Thode, 40!
The original figure was taken from plants raised at Kew from seeds sent by
Mrs. Barber, probably from an eastern district,
33. D. alonsooides (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 17) ;
an annual herb, glabrous or the young parts glandular-puberulous ;
stem rather weak, erect or ascending, 6-14 in. high, throwing off
from the base decumbent or aseending branches 4-16 in. long or
more, simple or branched above; leaves opposite, ovate or oval,
obtuse or acute at the apex, cordate or subtruncate at the base,
cuneate-serrate or dentate, rather thinly membranous, 3—1% in. long,
zig-l in. broad, the upper subsessile, the lower petioles ranging up
2 in. long; racemes terminal, many-flowered, simple, rather dense or
elongated; pedicels slender, glandular-puberulous, the lower 5-1} in.
long, the upper shorter; bracts ovate, pointed, cordate, sessile,
smaller than the leaves, spreading or recurving ; calyx-segments
ovate or elliptical, obtuse or subacute, not acuminate, glandular-
puberulous, about ;1, in. long; corolla about } in. broad, with two
very short pouches; filaments linear, flattened, densely shaggy ;
capsules ovoid-oblong, 11 in. long, } in. broad. DC. Prodr. x. 259
(alonsoides). D. alonzoides, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
55, 178, and Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. 3.
Centra, Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, on rocky hills
between Riviertje and Luns Klip, 3500-4000 ft., Bolus, 465! and rocky places
at 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 2322! Murraysburg Div.; on stony slopes near
Murraysburg, 4100 ft., Tyson in Herb. Bolus, 430! Sutherland Div.; at the
Great Reed River, Burchell, 1373 ! : : :
Westean Region : Little Namaqualand, without precise locality, Scully!
34. D. ramosa (Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1891, 69) ; a slender
herb, glabrous or nearly so, apparently perennial; stems 1-2} ft.
long, tough, branched ; branches elongate, rambling, tetragonous,
moderately leafy ; internodes 3-1} in. long ; leaves opposite, ovate,
acute or obtusely deltoid at the apex, subcordate or subtruncate at
the base, firmly and rather thickly membranous, strongly denticulate
158 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Diascia.
on the cartilaginous revolute. margin, 3-1 in. long, 1-3 in. broad,
5- or 7-nerved at the base, somewhat shining, dark green above,
somewhat paler beneath ; petioles 3,—, in. long, narrowly decurrent;
racemes terminal, several or many-flowered, simple, very slender,
sometimes flexuose, 1-3 in. long; bracts ovate, acute, sessile, entire,
3,1 in. long; pedicels filiform, minutely glandular-puberulous,
11 in, long, patent, often curved; calyx-segments lanceolate or
ovate-oblong, acute or subacute, glandular-pilose, ~,—3, in. long;
corolla about 1 in. broad, with two short rounded. spurs or pouches;
filaments linear. glabrous or with a few scattered minute glands;
capsules obovoid, obtuse, glabrous or minutely glandular, } in. long,
zs in. broad.
Centrat Reaton: Somerset Div.; in shrubby places on the upper part of
Bosch Berg, 4000-4500 ft., MacOwan, 1968! Scott-Elliot, 488!
35. D. cordata (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 151); a
branched herb, glabrous or very nearly so, apparently perennial ;
stems procumbent or erect, elongated, branched or almost flagelli-
form, leafy, quadrangular; leaves opposite, often secund, ovate,
obtuse at the apex, subtruncate or subcordate at the base, toughly
membranous, sharply serrate, green and somewhat glaucous on both
faces, rather paler beneath, shortly petiolate, 1-11 in. long, 4-4 in.
broad; teeth revolute-cartilaginous, with a hard rigid tip; petioles
3,4 in. long, narrowly decurrent; racemes terminal and in the
upper axils, slender, few- or many-flowered, 2-8 in. long, simple or
divided about the base ; pedicels filiform, 1-1 in. long, spreading ;
bracts alternate, smaller than the leaves; calyx-segments oval- or oblong-
lanceolate, subacute or subobtuse, roughly ciliolate on the margin,
fs} in. long ; corolla }—2 in. broad, pink, with scattered small glands
on the back and margin ; spurs 2, diverging, rather obtuse, about } in.
long ; filaments sparingly glandular, all antheriferous, rather short,
linear-filiform ; ovary glabrous; style short ; capsule ovoid-ellipsoid,
obtuse, 1—1 in. long, 3 in. broad. ;
EasteRN Rucion: Natal; Drakensberg Range, Tiger-Cave Valley, 6000-
7000 ft., Evans, 382! Polela, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4582! between Howick and
Estcourt, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 3564! Giants Castle Mountain, 6000 ft., Bolus
in Herb. Guthrie, 4877! Kar Kloof, 5400 ft., Schlechter, 6831! Rehmann, 7409!
36. D. moltenensis (Hiern); a wiry herb, perhaps perennial,
glabrous below, somewhat glandular-pilose about the inflorescence,
1-14 ft. high ; stems decumbent with ascending or erect branches,
the latter slender and tetragonous ; upper internodes longer than the
leaves, the lower shorter ; leaves opposite, lanceolate-oblong, obtuse
at the apex, more or less truncate or subauriculate at the base,
glabrous, rather thickly herbaceous, with few teeth, 1 in. long;
zo} in. broad; petioles not exceeding ;, in. long, narrowly
decurrent at the base; racemes rather lax, terminal, several- —
flowered, 2-3 in. long; pedicels alternate, erect-patent, very slender,
delicately glandular-pilose, 1-3 in. long; bracts ovate, pointed,
Diaseia.] SCROPH ULARIACEZ (Hiern), 159
embracing the base of the pedicels, 4-75 in. long; calyx-segments
ovate or oval-oblong, obtuse or svareely acute, minutely glandular-
pilose, 4;—5 in. long; corolla about 2 in. broad; spurs 3-2 in.
long; filaments 4, linear, flattened, more or less densely clothed
with stalked glands, all antheriferous, two of them curved about the
middle; ovary glabrous.
CenTRAL Rzcion : Albert Div.; Broughton, near Molteno, 6300 ft., Flanagan,
1616!
37. D. integerrima (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 18); a perennial herb, erect or ascending, rigid, suffru-
ticose and closely branched at and near the base, nearly glabrous,
1-2 ft. high; branches opposite, slender, hard; branchlets sub-
virgate, tetragonous ; leaves opposite, entire, shortly petiolate, acute
or mueronulate, the lower lanceolate or ovate-oblong, entire, }—% in.
long and 1-1 in. broad, the upper linear and 1-1 in. long, the
broader truncate or subauriculate at the base; racemes terminal,
simple or divided below, numerous, several- or many-flowered, oblong
in flower, elongating in fruit; pedicels slender, minutely glandular-
puberulous, 1—1 in, long, the upper shorter; bracts ovate or lanceo-
late, small, acute or mucronulate, entire, minutely glandular-puberu-
lous ; calyx-segments lanceolate or oblong, scarcely acute or obtuse,
glandular-puberulous, ;4,—} in. long, nerved at least in fruit; corolla
pink, } in. long; spurs } in. long, obtuse ; filaments all filiform,
minutely glandular, about ~; in. long; capsules ovoid-oblong,
obtuse, glabrous, 1-2 in. long, 3-2 in. broad. DC. Prodr. x.
5 5 6
259, ~
Coast REGion: Queenstown Div.; Table Mountain, 4000-5000 ft., Drége,
8606 !
CrentRAL ReGIon: Middelburg Div. ; between Compass Berg and Rhenoster
Bergen, 5000-6000 ft., Drége, 3606a! Aliwal North Div.; rocky places
on the Witte Bergen, 6000-7000 ft., Drége, 3605c! Albert Div., Cooper,
609 1
Katanart Region: Basutoland ; without precise locality, Cooper, 743!
EasteRN Reaction: Orange River Colony; Wolve Kop, Burke! Griqualand
East ; Vaal Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4225!
38. D. elegans (Hiern); a nearly glabrous herb, pale green,
minutely glandular, perhaps perennial; stems ascending, slender,
wiry, leafy on the lower part, remotely so above, 4 in. high or more,
tetragonous ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, ovate or lanceo-
late or the upper narrower, obtuse and apiculate at the apex, more or
less cordate or truncate at the base, shortly petiolate, with few small
teeth, 1-2 in. long by 3-4 in. broad or the upper (floral) smaller
and sessile; racemes terminal, few-flowered, lax, $-1% in. long;
bracts alternate, ovate, sessile, ,—} in. long; pedieels $—$ in. long,
slender, 1-flowered, minutely glandular ; calyx-segments oval-ovate,
obtuse, glandular, about 75 in. long in flower, about + in. long in
young fruit; corolla purplish, }-} in. broad ; four upper lobes
rounded, 23-1 in. broad; lower lip rounded, concave, delicately
160 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern), [ Diascia,
nerved, about % in. broad, entire ; spurs 2, conical, obtuse, about
& in. long, diverging ; filaments flattened, glandular, not shaggy,
zo im. long; young capsule ovoid, obtuse, minutely glandular,
just oe the calyx. Hemimeris elegans, Hiern in Journ. Bot.
1901, 102,
KataHARt REGION : Orange River Colony ; without precise locality, Pateshall-
Thomas !
39. D. capsularis (Benth. in Hook. Comp, Bot. Mag. ii. 18);
a perenNia] herb, glabrous or nearly so, branched from a shrubby
base, 1-2 ft, high; branches erect or ascending, tetragonous, virgate
or wiry, leafy below up to about the middle; leaves opposite, sub-
sessile or shortly petiolate, varying from lanceolate to ovate, acute or
callous-pOinted at the apex, mostly cordate-auriculate at the base,
somewhat thick, dentate, denticulate or nearly entire, 1-12 in. long,
7s—% in. broad; racemes terminal, several- or many-flowered, simple
or trichotomous at the base; pedicels slender, mostly alternate,
bracteate at the base, more or less glandular, the lower 4-14 in.
long, the upper shorter; bracts small, ovate or lanceolate, slightly
glandular; calyx-segments ovate or oblong-lanceolate, subacute,
nerved, glandular-puberulous, 4,1 in. long; corolla rosy or bright
pink or very brilliantly scarlet, 1-1 in. broad; spurs obtusely
conical, about 1-3 in. long; filaments all linear-filiform, somewhat
glandular, not shaggy; capsule ovoid-oblong, obtuse, minutely
glandular-puberulous, 4-2 in. long, 2-1 in. broad. DO. Prodr. %.
259.
Var. B, flagellaris (Hiern); stem and branches elongated, flexuous, whip-
like ; flowers scarlet.
Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Addo, 1000-2000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher,
55! Alexandria Div.; Zwart Hoogte, 2000 ft., Ecklon SY Zeyher, 88! Albany
Div.; nea? Grahamstown, Bolton / and without precise locality, Cooper, 1539!
Queenstown Div. ? by the side of a riveron Mount Hope Farm, 5000 ft., Galpin,
2676! Eastern Frontier, MacOwan, 355!
CENTRAL REGIon: Somerset Div.; on the slopes of Bosch Berg, 400 ‘ft.
MacOwan, 1541! and without precise locality, Bowker ! Graaff Reinet Div.
Portlock, Bowker, 22! on stony mountain sides near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 58
and in Herb, Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1088! Albert Div.; Burghersdorp, Guthrie ™
Herb. Bolus, 4910! Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg, Shaws Var. 8: Somerset Div-s
Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell, 3004! 3015! 3089! 3097! and without precise
locality, Bowker, 197! 201! Graaff Reinet Div.; on Wagenpads Berg, Burchell,
2820! Colesberg Div. ; near Naauw Poort, Denoon, 60!
EasrE®N RgGion: Natal? without precise locality, Cooper, 2876 !
40. D. stachyoides (Schlechter MSS.); a pilose herb, branched
at the ctown of the apparently perennial root ; branches prostrate oF
procumbent, Shortly flagelliform, patently hairy, 3-13 ft. long;
hairs whitish, jointed, tipped with minute glands; internodes
mostly shorter than the leaves; leaves opposite, roundly ovate OF
oval, very obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, subcordate, rounded
or subtruncate at the inconspicuously 5~7-nerved base, serrate
dentate, firmly membranous, finely pilose, 2-4 in. long, }-$
Diascia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 161
broad, subsessile or shortly petiolate; teeth mucronate ; petioles
ranging up to } in. long, pilose; racemes terminal, ascending, curved
and often sinuous, many-flowered, 4-8 in. long, rather slender ;
bracts cordate, pointed, sessile, spreading, about } in. long or some
of the lower larger and leaf-like; pedicels alternate, spreading,
often ascending in fruit, rather slender, finely pilose, 1—% in. long ;
calyx-segments ovate or oblong, subobiuse or subacute, pilose,
imbricate, 1-1 in. long; corolla dark pink, about 2 in. broad; spurs
2, about 4 in. long; filaments 4, linear-filiform, glabrous or minutely
glandular, nearly equal, about 5+, in. long, all bearing whitish anthers ;
capsules ovoid-oblong, 1—1 in. long.
PP hedge Recion: Queenstown Div.; Hangklip Mountain, 6300 ft., Galpin,
20!
41. D. Flanagani (Hiern); a pilose herb, apparently perennial,
With a short wiry leafy stem; hairs whitish, erisp ; leaves opposite,
ovate-subrotund, very obtuse at the apex, subtruncate or shortly
narrowed at the base, crenulate, rather thickly membranous, more or
less pilose on both faces, 13 in. long and broad; petioles zai in.
long, broad, narrowly decurrent ; flowers in the axils of the upper
smaller leaves or bracts, several, together arranged in a short terminal
dense foliaceous or closely bracteate raceme ; bracts like the leaves
but smaller, less obtuse and nearly or quite entire ; pedicels $ in.
long or less, rather slender, nearly glabrous; calyx-segments ovate
or oblong-lanceolate, acute or subacute, pilose on the back, ciliate,
glabrous within, j,—j; in. long; corolla about $ in. broad, with two
obtuse spurs or pouches about +5 in. long; filaments 4, all antheri-
ferous, linear-filiform, rather short, converging towards the stigma,
not shaggy; ovary glabrous.
Eastern RuGion: Griqualand East; between Elliot and Maclear, Flanagan !
42. D. purpurea (N. E. Br. in ‘Kew Bulletin, 1895, 151); a some-
what robust herb, apparently perennial, decumbent at the cet
stems ascending, pilose, with white shining often minutely ge
tipped hairs, quadrangular, leafy below; leaves opposite, idles ”
or subrotund, obtuse or rounded at the apex, subtruncate or s “fe y
Wedgeshaped at the base, more or less denticulate, sparingly pi ore,
ciliolate, 1-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, dark green above, violet-
purple b:neath, shortly petiolate; racemes terminal, Compact or
rather lax, bracteate, 1-12 in. long, few- or many-flowered ; pgm
peduncle 1-3 in. long ; pedicels ranging up to } in. long; —
ovate, comparatively acute, 1-1 in. long; calyx-segments ova a
oblong-lanceolate, acute or subacute, puberulous on the ye - -
rous within, ciliolate, + in. long; corolla } in. broad, wit y wo
obtuse spurs or pouches, 2 in. long; filaments 4, the two . om
erect and without anthers, the two posterior reclining and wi
anthers ; ovary glabrous; style curved.
Eastern Recton: Natal; on the Drakensberg, in Tiger-Cave Valley,
among grass, scarce, Evans, 377! i
VOL, IV.—SEc?, II.
162 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Diascia.
43. D. rigescens (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 18) ; a perennial herb, erect or ascending, glabrous or glandular-
puberulous, rigid, comparatively robust, 1}-3} ft. high, shrubby
below, more or less branched from the base upwards; branches
quadrangular, smooth, often fistular, leafy up to the inflorescence or
nearly so; internodes mostly short ; leaves mostly opposite, often
some alternate, ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute at the apex,
cordate or truncate at the sessile base, sharply toothed or denticu-
late, 1-14 in. long, ,—1 in. broad, somewhat thiekly membranous;
racemes terminal, many-flowered, elongated, simple or divided at the
base ; pedicels 1-1 in. long or the upper shorter, slender, bracteate
at the base; bracts ovate or lanceolate, acute, sessile, cordate at the
base, smaller than the leaves; ealyx-segments ovate, obovate, oblong
or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, usually glandular-puberu-
lous, ;3;—} in. long, persistent, nerved at least in fruit; corolla rosy,
about 4 in. broad, sometimes larger or smaller; spurs 1—1 in. long;
filaments linear, flattened, very narrowly winged, nearly equal in
length, two of them bent at the base with the widening wings
following the outside of the semicircular curvature, all glabrous of
minutely glandular; capsule ovoid-ellipsoid, obtuse, glabrous or
minutely glandular, 11 in. long. DC. Prodr. x. 259; O. Kuntze,
_ Var. B, bractescens (Hiern); bracts conspicuously exceeding the flower-buds
in the young spike-like racemes. ? D. rigescens, var. montana, Diels in Enyl.
Jahrb. xxiii. 471. :
Coast Reeion: Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg,.a peak in the Elandsberg
range, 2000-4000 ft., Drége, 363la! Mrs. Barber, 27! 43! Hutton ! Bowker!
Old Katberg Pass, 5200 ft , Galpin, 2391! Bathurst Div. ; on stony hills between
Kap River and Fish River, below 1000 ft., Dréye, 3631b! Cathcart Div. ; neat
Cathcart, Kuntze! Albany Div.; on dry grassy hills near Grahamstown,
Bunbury ! Alexander !- Kingwilliamstown Diy.; Perie’ Mountain, near King-
williamstown, 3000 ft., Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 2156! Scott-Elliot, 904! on —
damp slopes near King Williamstown, 1500 ft., Tyson, 974! Mount Coke,
2000 ft., Sim, 1425! Stutterheim Div.; Dohne Mountain, 4700 ft., Bolus,
8764! Queenstown Div.; without precise locality, Cooper, 2387! Kaffraria,
Cooper, 3549! Var. 8: Kaffraria, Cooper, 339! .
Katawart Region: Orange River Colony; Mount aux Sources, 6000 ft,
Guthrie, 4877!
Eastern KeGion: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 2000-3000 ft., Baur, 19! in a deep
valley near Engcobo, 4000 ft., Bolus, 8765! Griqualand East; hill-sides and
forest borders near St. Augustine, 2500-3000 ft., Baur, 204! near Kokstad,
Tyson, 1668! near Zuurberg, Wood, 2000! 3147! Pondoland; between St. Johas
River and Umtsikaba River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 3631¢!
Forms, with narrower leaves and usually with rather acute leaves and smaller
flowers, belong to the variety angustifolia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 259 ; those
with glabrous calyx-segments constitute the sub-variety calva, the flowers
which are variously stated to be blue and pink. :
-44. D. Macowani (Hiern) ; a herb, 11 ft. high or more ; branches
tetragonous, slightly puberulous; lower internodes mostly much
longer than the leaves ; leaves opposite, or the upper subopposite OF
alternate, cordate, cuspidate-acute or subobtuse at the apex, sessill
half amplexicaul, narrowly decurrent, dentieulate-serrate, fit
Diascia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 163
herbaceous, minutely papilliform-puberulous, inconspicuously 7-9-
nerved at the base, }—} in. long and broad or the upper smaller;
racemes terminal and axillary, several- or many-flowered, 1-3 in.
long or more, conspicuously bracteate; bracts lanceolate, acute,
sessile, denticulate below, puberulous, alternate, 1} in. long, the
lower larger and leaf-like; pedicels slender, 4-2 in. long; calyx-
segments ovate or oblong, obtusely pointed, puberulous or glandular
below, 4-4 in. long; corolla nearly 1 in. broad, with two small
pouches ; filaments 4, short, glabrous, all bearing anthers, the
pairs unequal,
Coast Reeion: Bedford Div.; near the Kunap River, MacOwan !
45. D. denticulata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 18);
apparently perennial, very nearly glabrous, decumbent; stem
elongated, loosely branched, as well as the branches tetragonous,
leafy in most parts; internodes mostly shorter than the leaves ;
leaves opposite, ovate-oval or oblong, obtuse at the apex, obtusely
narrowed at the sessile subdecurrent base, slightly toothed or sub-—
entire, somewhat thick, 1-2 in. long, ;5-} in. broad; flowering
racemes terminal, short, dense, several-flowered, corymbose-hemi-
spherical, about 2 in. in diam.; common peduncle 12 in. long;
pedicels 1 in. long or less, minutely glandular-puberulous ; bracts
ovate-oval, obtuse, entire, minutely glandular-puberulous, } in. long
or less; calyx-segments ovate or lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, puberu-
lous, ;5-1 in. long; corolla (exclusive of the spurs) about 4 in.
broad ; spurs about + in. long; filaments linear-filiform, glabrous or
minutely glandular, two of them very short, the other two about
+4 in. long; ovary and style glabrous. DC. Prodr. x. 259.
Eastern Recion: Pondoland; in the Amaponda country, between Umtata
River and St. Johns River, Drége, 4852 !
46. D. macrophylla (Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 800); an annual
herb, decumbent or ascending, rather slender, glabrous or nearly so ;
stem bent at the base, branched immediately from the crown of the
root ; branches opposite, tetragonous, loosely divided, erect or
ascending amidst bushes, green variegated with purple, 1-1} ft.
high ; leaves opposite, ovate, somewhat obtuse at the apex, sub-
cordate at the base, denticulate or sinuate-dentate, }—1} in. long,
patent, thin, above green, somewhat concave and with the midrib
and lateral veins impressed, beneath pallid and with the midrib and
lateral veins in relief, the lower leaves the largest and on the longest
petioles, the upper gradually smaller, in distant pairs; flowers
alternate, arranged in terminal elongated erect bracteate racemes ;
pedicels slender, purple, spreading, }-} in. long, braeteate at
the base, curved upwards at the apex; bracts cordate-ovate or
lanceolate, somewhat obtuse, sessile, concave, entire, reflexed,
vz-} in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute,
green, not ciliate, 11 in. long; corolla violet-purple, } in. broad ;
spurs 2, subulate, curved upwards, } in, long; filaments 4, filiform,
M2
164 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [Diascia,
glabrous, unequal, erect or ascending, the two longer inserted at the
base of the upper corolla-limb, the two shorter inserted at the lower
lip, circumflexed at the base; capsule narrowly ovoid-oblong, sub-
linear, 1-1 in. long, 2 in. broad, somewhat oblique or curving
inwards. Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 17, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 258. Hemimeris macrophylla, Thunb. Nov. Gen. Pl.
iv. 76, Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 484.
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Herb. Burmann !
CentraL Recon: Calvinia Div.; near a river between Bokkeland and
Hantam, Thunberg !
47. D. veronicoides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 178);
an annual herb, weak, decumbent or ascending, glabrous for the
most part, slightly puberulous towards the top, slender, 1-2 ft,
high, loosely branched below; branches ascending, or the lowest
spreading, tetragonous; internodes 2-2} in. long; leaves opposite, —
ovate, obtuse or acutely and shortly acuminate at the apex, sub-
cordate or subtruncate at the base, dentate or denticulate, mem-
branous, green on both faces, 1-11 in. long, 3-11 in. broad ; petioles
short or ranging up to # in. long, narrowly decurrent; racemes
terminal, elongating, 11-12 in. long, many-flowered ; pedicels very —
slender, 1-2 in. long or the upper shorter, patent, bent near the
apex; bracts ovate-subulate, sessile, embracing the base of the
- pedicel, spreading or deflexed, 11 in. long; calyx-segments lanceo-
late, acute, glabrous, ~,—-;4, in. long; corolla purple, about 5 in.
broad; spurs 2, diverging, conical, acute, about +; in. long;
filaments slender, glabrous, all bearing anthers; capsule linear,
glabrous, 1-2 in. long by ;,-.5 in. broad, mostly erect and sub-
parallel, straight or somewhat curved.
CENTRAL REGION: Clanwilliam Div.; on Koude Berg, near Wupperthal,
2400 ft., Bolus, 9065! Div.? on hills at Agtertiern, 900 ft., Schlechter, 10867!
Hanover Div.; near Naauwpoort, Denoon, 22! (in Herb. Bolus), doubtfully
referred to this species.
Western ReGIon: Vanrbynsdorp Div. ; in rocky places in a deep valley of
the Karree Bergen, about 2000 ft., Schlechter, 8203 !
Diascia integrifolia, Spreng., mentioned in the South African Quarterly —
Journal, 1830, No. iv. 369, »s having been found by C. F. Ecklon in the districts —
of Uitenhage is unknown to me.
VII. HEMIMERIS, Linn. f.
_ Calyx 5-partite ; segments somewhat unequal in breadth, searcely
imbricate in bud. Corolla spreading ; tube very short, concave OF
obsolete ; limb subbilabiate, 4-cleft; posterior lobe exterior, Very
shortly emarginate; lateral lobes short, broad, smaller than the
others ; lower lip with two yellow spurs or small pouches at te
base, sometimes with two tooth-like appendages clasping the fila
ments of the stamens by the side of the corolla-throat. Stamens +
filaments short, kneed at the base, not appendaged, inserted at 1!
j
Hemimeris. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 165
base of the corolla; anther-cells confluent, dehiscing along a single
transverse line. Ovary 2-celled; style thinly stigmatose at the
apex; ovules numerous. Capsule subglobose or ovoid, 2-celled,
septicidal from the apex, equalling or somewhat exceeding the calyx ;
seeds numerous, angular-ovoid or subglobose, reticulate, surrounded
by a very narrow membranous wing or not winged. —
Small, tender, annual herbs; leaves opposite or the floral subfasciculate,
nearly entire or more or less deeply toothed; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered,
the upper subfasciculate, often reflexed in fruit ; corolla yellow.
DistriB. Species 4, endemic.
Corolla with 2 small pouches at the base or without
dependent processes :
Plant puberulous; leaves somewhat dentate or nearly
entire: cay ie Oe a a oe el)
Plant glabrous; leaves incise-dentate or pinnatifid ,.. (2) sabulosa.
Corolla with 2 spurs at the base :
Leaves distantly dentate or crenulate-repand ; corolla-
spurs 4-2 in. long vee ae 7 rE ... (8) gracilis.
Leaves strongly dentate or subpinnatifid; corolla-spurs
2 in. long ves ek AM SPOR St ep aaa
1, H. montana (Linn. f. Suppl. 280); an erect or ascending
herb, annual, more or less puberulous, 1-18 im. high; stem
tetragonous, branched from the base upwards or simple; branches
Opposite ; leaves ovate or elliptical, usually obtuse at the apex, more
or less narrowed towards the base, somewhat dentate or nearly
entire, spreading, membranous, green above, sometimes purplish
beneath, feebly nerved, 1-1 in. long, ~,-% in. broad; petioles
slender, very short or ranging up to } in. long ; uppermost leaves
sometimes subsessile; lower internodes longer than the leaves ;
peduncles axillary or subterminal, ranging up to 2 in. long, filiform
and channelled or compressed with narrow or rather broad mem-
branous wings ; ealyx-segments ovate and lanceolate or linear, obtuse,
green, about ;1,-,', in. long; corolla somewhat puberulous outside,
about 1—2 in. broad, yellow ; upper lip inflexed, middle lobe marked
on both sides with a circle of purple specks, lateral lobes ovate,
obtuse, shorter ; lower lip broader than the middle lobe of the upper
lip, very obtuse, longer, emarginate; pouches 2, short, directed
downwards, with an elevation on the outer or lower surface, and
with two ascending sharp-pointed pockets projecting upwards more
prominent than is the case in H. sabulosa, Linn. f., so as to embrace
and partly hide the filaments in such a manner that on looking into
the corolla little more than the anthers can be seen (Bolus) ; fila-
ments linear, compressed, circumflexed at the base, glabrous ;
anthers small; valves of the capsule bifid at the apex. Gertn. f.
Carp. t. 183; Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 484;
Benth. in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16, and in DC. Prodr. x. 255;
not of Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833. Diascia montana, Spreng. Syst.
Veg. ii. 800. Paderota racemosa, Houtt. Handl. ed. ii. vii. 110, t. 38,
Jig. 1. Hemimeris, Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 257, note. H. sessili-
Folia, Benth. Ul. cc., excl. specim. Burch. H. latipes, Backhouse mss.
166 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Hemimeris.
in Herb. Kew. H. montana, var. latipes, Benth. m DC., lLc., 256.
—Anagallis capensis Chamedryos folio, caule piloso, Ray, Hist.
Plant, iii. App. 241.
Sours Arrica: without locality, Herb. Sloane, vol. 92, fol. 124! Masson!
Forster! Oldenland in Herb. Sloane, vol. 156, fol. 157, lower specimen !
Auge! Reeves ! Alewander! Rogers! Herb. Burmann! Sieber, 144! Stanger!
Forbes!
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; Wupperthal, Wurmb. in Herb. Drége,
3151b! Vogel Fontein, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 8517! Malmesbury Div. ; Saldanha
Bay, Ecklon, 239! Zwartland, Ecklon, 311! Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, near
Tulbagh, $00-1000 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 821! Paarl Div.;
Paarl Mountain, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3151a! Cape Div.; Cape Flats,
Zeyher, 1268! Ecklon, 357! 358! near Capetown, Thunberg! Harvey, 414!
Pappe, 821! Bolus, 2872! Ecklon §& Zeyher, 210! Signal Hill, Wolley
Dod, 164! above Groot Schuur, Wolley Dod, 165! Lion Mountain, bebind Van
Kamps Bay, 250 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1768! Table Mountain,
Ecklon, 391! Simons Bay, Wright, 598! Stinkwater, Rehmann, 1229! 1230!
enboséh Div.; Stellenbosch, Ecklon! Sanderson, 972! Hottentots Holland,
Gueinzius ! Mossel Bay Div. ; Klein Berg, about 800 ft. alt., Galpin, 4355 !
Swellendam Diy.; ridges along the lower part of Zondereinde River, Zeyher,
3477! Barrydale, about 1200 ft. alt., Galpin, 4356 !
CentRAL Ree@ion: Calvinia Div.; Oorlogs Kloof, 2200 ft., Schlechter,
10944! 10971! Matjes Fontein, 2200 ft., Schlechter, 10918! Sutherland Div. ;
Roggeveld Mountains, Burchell, 1307!
Western Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; by the Holle River, below 1000 ft.,
Drége, 3151c! Karree Bergen, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 8289!
Hemimeris alsinoides, Lam. Encycl. iii. 105, Ill. iii. 84, ¢. 532, fig. 1, was
quoted asa synonym of H, montana, Linn. f., both by Sprengel and by Bentham,
although Lamarck expressed some doubt about the identity of the species of Linn.
f. with his own, There is a specimen in Sprengel’s herbarium (now at Berlin)
with the name “‘ Diascia montana”; this is in fruit and in a poor state of
preservation ; it probably represents Lamarck’s plant, and belongs to this genus,
but whether it is this species is not quite certain, though it apparently is a com-
paratively glabrous form of this species; Sieber’s specimen, 144, was referred
in Sonder’s herbarium to H. alsinoides.
2. H. sabulosa (Linn. f. Suppl. 280); an erect or prostrate herb, —
annual, glabrous or very nearly so, 4-18 in. long; stem branched
from the base upwards or simple, tetragonous; branches decussate,
patent or ascending, often purplish, leafy ; leaves narrowly ovate,
oval or oblong, more or less obtuse at the apex and wedge-shaped at
the base, incise-dentate or pinnatifid, more or less spreading, mem-
branous, feebly nerved, 1-11 in. long, =—% in. broad ; lobes or teeth
opposite, obtuse, entire ; petioles channelled above, convex beneath,
zs-s im. long; uppermost internodes usually very short; middle
internodes usually long, exceeding the leaves; peduncles axillary,
slender, furrowed, spreading, often crowded near the apex of the
stem and branches, 1-12 in. long ; calyx-segments ovate and lanceo-
late, subobtuse, green, purplish on the margin, the two lower
spreading, somewhat broader than the rest, the three upper erect; —
corolla about 4 in. broad, yellow; upper lip reflexed, middle lobe —
purple-punctate on both sides, lateral lobes obtuse; lower lip
concave, inflexed upwards, pilose ; pouches none in the ordinaty
sense, that is, there is no elevation on the outer and no depressi02
Hemimeris. ] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 167
on the inner surface of the corolla, but there are two small pockets
projecting upwards in the reverse sense, that is, the elevation is on
the inner and the depression on the outer surface of the corolla, so
placed that the filaments are in no wise hidden by them (Bolus) ;
filaments linear, flat, glabrous, adpressed to the lower corolla-lip,
somewhat curved near the base; anthers rather large; capsule 2 in.
long. Thunb. Nov. Gen. Pl. iv. 79, Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 485; Lam. Ill. iii. 85, ¢. 532, fig. 2; Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16, and in DOC. Prodr. x. 256.—Anagallis
purp. Burse Pastoris foliis minoribus, Petiv. Mus. Bot. cent. 4, 36.
Alsines seu Spergule dicte species africana, J. Burm. Cat. Plant.
Afr. 2
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenland! Kiqgelaar! Oldenburg !
Masson! Menzies! Forbes! Wallich! Harvey! Sonnerat, Herb. Burmann!
Hort. Kew. in 1775!
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Diy.; Vogel Fontein, 1000 ft., Schlechter,
85121! by the Olifants River and near Brak Fontein, Zeyher, 1263! Zeekoe Vley,
400 ft., Schlechter, 8482! Cape Div.; hills near Capetown, Thunberg ! Ecklon!
Simons Bay, Wright, 599! sandy flats between Blauw Berg and Tyger Berg, below
500 ft., Drége, 3151d! Camp ground, Wolley Dod, 163! near Maitland, Wolley
Dod, 1621 on sandy dunes near Retreat Station, 50 ft., Bolus, 7241! Salt River,
Ecklon ! stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Gueinzius !
3. H. gracilis (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 375) ; an erect
herb, annual, slender, weak, glandular-puberulous, dull, simple or
sparingly branehed; stem straight or somewhat flexuous, 3-10 in.
high, terete or somewhat tetragonous; middle internodes exceeding
the leaves; leaves opposite, ovate or oval-oblong, obtuse at the apex,
subtruncate or shortly narrowed at the base, distantly dentate or
crenulate-repand, }—3 in. long, 1,4 in. broad ; petioles ranging up
to Sin. long; flowers axillary to the upper leaves; peduneles fili-
form, 1-2 in. long, suberect in flower, spreading or deflexed in
fruit; calyx-segments narrowly oblong or sublanceolate, obtuse,
glandular-puberulous, 3, in. long ; corolla 1-1 in. broad, golden-
coloured ; posterior lip much smaller than the anterior lip, concave,
obtuse, rounded; anterior lip subquadrate, very obtuse, glabrous ;
spurs 2, conical, obtuse, diverging, glabrous, }—} in. long; stamens 2 ;
style linear, short, hyaline-winged on both sides, glabrous, ,'; in.
long; stigma rather broad ; capsule ovoid-globose, glabrous, 4 in.
long, 3 in. broad ; seeds subglobose, granular-punetate, pale brown.
Coast Reeion: Worcester Div. ; in sendy fand stony places by the main
road in Hex River valley, Wolley Dod, 4010!
4. H. centrodes (Hiern); an erect herb, annual, shortly and
closely pubescent, dull green, minutely glandular, somewhat branched
at the base, or simple, 5-9 in. high; branches ascending, opposite,
tetragonous, sulcate, rather weak; internodes mostly exceeding
or about equalling the leaves; leaves opposite, ovate or elliptical,
obtusely narrowed at the apex, subtruncate or abruptly wedge-
shaped at the base, strongly dentate or subpinnatifid, {-1 in. long,
168 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Hemimeris,
1-1 in. broad, shortly petiolate; lower petioles ranging up to } in.
long ; lobes or teeth obtuse; peduncles arranged in the upper axils,
rather slender, furrowed, 1-11 in. long, spreading or suberect,
crowded at the tops of the stem and branches; calyx-segments laneeo-
late, oval-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, minutely glandular-
pilose, 31 in. long; corolla about 2 in. long, bilabiate, marked inside
with patches of pale circular papille, larger lip 4 in. broad, smaller
lip short ; spurs 2, conical-oblong, obtuse, } in. long, } in. broad at
the basal attachment; stamens 2, about 4 in. high, subglabrous,
suberect ; filaments shortly curved in different directions at the
base and apex, very slightly tapering upwards, about ,—,)5 in. long ;
anthers oblong-oval, ;4,—,), in. long; pollen very small, subglobose,
meridionally ribbed ; capsule shortly ovoid, subglabrous, 4-3 in.
long and broad; style apical, declining, about ;, in. long.
Centrat ReGion: Calvinia Div.; in Karoo soil, near Calvinia, 3000 ft.,
Leipoldt, 986! at Matjes Fontein in the Onder Bokkeveld, 2800 ft., Schlechter,
10925! :
VIII. COLPIAS, E. Meyer.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments but little imbricate. Corolla: tube
moderate in length, broad, somewhat declinate at the base, slightly
incurved and ascending, nearly erect, with two gibbosities or short
pouches in front ; lobes 5, broad, spreading, nearly equal, two back
ones exterior. Stamens 4, didynamous, declinate, all bearing anthers ;
filaments short, inserted at the base of the ecorolla-tube, incurved but
not circumflexed ; anthers at length 1-celled by the confluence of the
two diverging cells. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, short, emargi-
nate and thinly stigmatose at the apex; ovules numerous. Capsule
ovoid, acuminate, 2-celled, septicidal; valves 2, coriaceous, bifid,
laying bare the placentiferous column. Seeds numerous, oblong,
carunculate; testa adpressed, granular-rugose; embryo straight,
slender.
_ A low, much-branched shrub; branchlets softly pilose, subherbaceous, becom-
ing dusky in the dry state, leafy ; leaves alternate and scarcely opposite, dentate
or incise, petiolate ; peduncles axillary, solitary, ebracteate, 1-flowered ; flowers
rather large, sulphur-yellow. :
Disrrie. Species 1, endemic.
1. C. mollis (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii.
53); divaricately branched, searcely 6 in. high; branches britile,
somewhat woody below, densely pilose with long jointed pallid
hairs, leafy above; leaves numerous, ovate- or rotund-deltoid,
apiculate at the apex, subtruncate or subcordate about the base,
3% in, long and broad, dentate or incise-palmatilobed ; teeth acute
or apiculate; petioles 12 in. long, pilose; peduncles exceeding the —
leaves, }-2 in. long; flowers 2—+ in. long; calyx pilose, ciliate ;
segments ovate, lanceolate or oblong, 1—3 in. long; corolla glabrous;
*
Colpias.] SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). 169
tube $—} in. long, 1-2 in. broad ; limb 3—% in. broad ; lobes rounded ;
stamens glabrous or the filaments minutely glandular; capsules
glabrous, {2 in. long. Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 260; Harv. Gen.
S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 252.
WESTERN Recron: Little Namaqualand; in rocky places at Silver Fontein,
near Ookiep, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 3104! Modder Fontein, Whitehead! in
clefts of rocks at Garrakoop Poort, 8200 ft., Bolus and MacOwan, Herb. Norm.
Aust.-Afr., 647! and without precise locality, Scully, 128!
IX. NEMESIA, Vent.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite, persistent, somewhat acerescent in
fruit; segments searcely imbricate. Corolla membranous; tube
short, produeed in front into a dependent spur, pocket or pouch ;
limb bilabiate ; posterior lip 4-cleft; anterior lip consisting of one
entire or emarginate lobe and having at its base a convex palate.
Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments of the anterior pair usually bent
round the posterior pair; anthers by confluence 1-celled, usually
Cohering in pairs about the stigma. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform,
narrowly stigmatose at the apex; ovules numerous, Capsule laterally
compressed to a moderate extent; valves boat-shaped, somewhat
keeled, at the apex obliquely truncate, rounded or angular at the
outer corner, exposing the placentiferous column. Seeds in one or
two rows, oblong, transverse; testa somewhat loose, membranous,
reticulate or granulated, girt with a hyaline wing.
Herbs or undershrubs, annual or perennial; leaves opposite ; flowers axillary
or arranged in terminal racemes with ebracteolate pedicels.
Distrrp. Species about 50, of which 2 or 3 are found in Tropical Africa. —
Corolla with a broad pouch or pocket rather than a
spur at the base :
Corolla hairy within the lower lip :
Perennial : leaves linear, entire avi Aue
Annual; cauline leaves dentate, mostly ovate
or lanceolate :
Corolla 2-14 in. broad a ei ... (2) stramosa.
Corolla about 2 in. broad ... vee .. (8) Guthriei.
Corolla glabrous within :
Coralia sparingly minutely pilose outside ... (4) Bodkinii.
Corolla glabrous on both faces :
Leaves linear : :
Pedicels all alternate ; leaves sessile,
not hastate fon 5, 0 oe
Lower pedicels opposite; leaves
shortly petiolate and hastate at
the base ... és ees ... (6) hastata.
Leaves ovate or somewhat lanceolate :
Calyx-segments linear or narrowly
oval; bract linear or lanceo- :
late ie tn be + (7) lucida.
Calyx-segments oval; bract ovate (8) Leipoldtii.
(1) pallida.
(5) saceata.
170 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
Corolla with a subacute or minute pouch or spur termi-
nating in a nipple-like point :
Annual; pouch or spur subsaccate, conical, some-
what ‘blunt, with a short narrow nipple at the
end ... oe oe ese ee . (9) picta,
Perennial; pouch or spur minute, nipple-like,
scarcely 5}; in. long... . (10) brevi alcarata,
Corolla with a spur rather than a ‘pouch at the base:
* Flowers racemose :
7 Annual:
Lower lip of the corolla very large:
Leaves ovate or oval or the upper lanceo-
late... ses .. (11) barbata.
Leaves oblong or the upper linear... (12) grandifiora.
Lower lip of the corolla not very large, less
than 4 in. long:
Upper corolla-lobes sublinear :
spur of the corolla =; in. long
Bracts ovate ; lower leaves mooakplace:
elliptic; spur subacute... (13) euryceras.
Bracts sublinear ; leaves lanceolate
or sublinear; spur blunt... ... (14) micrantha.
Spur of the corolla 4-3 in. long:
Uppermost lobes of the corolla acute,
about 4-8 in. long ... (15) Cheiranthus.
Upper lobes of the corolla ‘obtuse,
about 2-2 in. long .. .-. ( 6) pulchella.
Spur of the corolla about ‘Bi in. long «»» (17) macroceras.
Upper corolla-lobes oblong or rotund :
< Leaves entire or toothed, none pinnati-
partite :
Spur of the corolla about 4, in.
long:
Glabrous or slightly pilose ... (18 parviflora,
Viscid-pubescent ... ae 1) viscosa.
Spur of the corolla 4-4 in. long:
§ Calyx-segments sublinear or
oval-oblong :
Leaves sessile or shortly
petiolate:
| Spur of the corolla
not thickened at
at the free ex-
tremity :
Base of the cap-
sule round or ob-
tusely and not
very unequally
narrowed :
Spur of the
corolla 4-2 in.
long :
Plant highly
glaucous ; pal-
ate of the
corolia glab-
rous ... (20) glaucescens.
Plant less glau-
cous; palate
of the corolla
thinly bearded (21) affinis.
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern), 171
Spur of the corolla
4-4 in. long:
Lower lip of the
corolla 3-4} in.
long ; flowers 3-4
in. long:
Leaves sub-
truncate at
the base... (22) floribunda.
Leaves moreor
less narrowed
at the base :
Corolla vari-
ble in colour (23) versicolor.
Corolla pale
blue, with
an orange-
coloured
throat ... (24) psammophila.
Lower lip of the
eurolla 4 in.
long; flowers
about Zin. long (25) Maxzii.
Base of the ovoid-
oblong capsule
very unequal ,,, (26) anisocarpa.
Base of the ob-
cordate capsule
more or less
wedge-shaped :
Plant very
slender ; cap-
sules -¥i in.
long (27) gracilis.
Plant less
slender ; cap-
so 1-2 in.
lon
||| Spur of AF corolla
thickened at the
free extremity ... (29) ligulata.
Leaves all petiolate; pe-
tioles ranging up to 2
or 3 in. long:
Leaves sinuate-den-
tate or ico d
(28) bicornis.
denticulate . (30) eynanchifolia.
Leaves strongly ser-
5 Te . (31) petiolina.
§ Calyx-segments broadly ovate
or oval (32) platysepala,
Spur of the corolla nearly } in. long (33) calearata.
{ Leaves some — some
ae she es .. (34) pinnata,
7t Perennial :
Spur of the corolla ¥;-7; in.long ... —«.. (35) cerulea.
Spur of the corolla 2,—} in. long:
Branches divaricate or diffuse; leaves
ovate or lanceolate, acute or apiculate :
Leaves } to 3 in. long, lanceo mi
Meky vet ag eas . (36) anfracta.
172 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern), [ Nemesia. ©
Leaves 3-1 in. long, ovate or lanceo-
late, shortly petiolate ... ... (37) diffusa.
Branches erect or nearly so: leaves sub-
linear, obtuse ... ree ves ... (38) divergens.
Spur of the corolla 3-4 in. long; leaves
linear or lanceolate ... ist ee ... (39) foetens.
Spur of the corolla 3-4 in. long; leaves : :
ovate or sublanceolate _... vis ... (40) melisszefolia.
** Flowers axillary. (See also 32, platysepala.)
Glabrous :
Procumbent ; leaves sessile; calyx-segments ;
acuminate or acute, {- in. long ... ... (41) acuminata,
Erect or ascending; leaves subsessile or
shortly petiolate ; calyx-segments obtuse, hee
2-3 in. long... ota tec cvs ... (42) chamedrifolia.
More or less hairy:
Petioles ranging up to 4 in. long: e
Decumbent ; corolla-lips about } in. long (43) hanoverica.
Erect or ascending; corolla-lips about
2 in. long or less ... eC iw ... (44) pubescens.
Petioles not exceeding 3 in. long :
Corolla-lips 3-2 in. long; capsule not
horned :
Leaves ovate iv ves ... (45) albiflora.
Leaves lanceolate... ie ... (46) lanceolata.
Corolla-lips 1-1 in. long; capsule slightly :
horned ... “ne cee ne «. (47) Flanagan.
1. N. pallida (Hiern); a perennial undershrub, 13 ‘in. high,
glabrous or nearly so; branches woody at the base, apparently
procumbent ; branchlets herbaceous, wiry, pallid, erect or ascending,
3-7 in. high; moderately leafy ; leaves opposite, linear, obtuse and
minutely apiculate, narrowed towards the sessile somewhat clasping
base, entire, ;4;—-2 in. long; flowers racemose, 1 in. long, numerous ;
pedicels 11 in. long ; racemes 2-4 in. long, oblong, not very dense ;
braets alternate and opposite, lanceolate or ovate, shorter than the
leaves, spreading or in fruit reflexed; calyx-segments lanceolate-
oblong, obtuse, minutely glandular-puberulous, 4, in. long, per-
sistent, spreading or in fruit reflexed; corolla lilac, slightly and
minutely glandular outside, densely bearded on the palate inside ;
lobes of the anterior lip 4, oval, entire, rounded at the apex, % in.
long ; posterior lip as long as the anterior, + in. long, broad ; one —
lobe white ; throat yellow; pocket at the base of the corolla broad,
very short; stamens glabrous; eapsule oblong, almost equally
rounded at the base, subtruncate and not horned at the apex, glab-
rous, 4-§ in. long, 1-1 in. broad. N. capensis, var. ecalcarata,
CENTRAL REGIon: Beaufort West Div.; Beaufort West, 3150 ft., Kuntze!
2. N. strumosa (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 18); an
erect herb, annual, 6-24 in. high, glabrous below, somewhat
glandular-pilose above, leafy at least below, usually branched from
the base; stem and branches quadrangular; leaves opposite, glab-
rous, ;~3 in. long, the lower oblanceolate-spathulate and entire oF
Nemesia. ] SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). 173
somewhat dentate, the eauline sessile, dentate and lanceolate or the
uppermost linear; racemes 2—4 in. long, terminal, glandular-pilose,
subcorymbose in flower, compact, elongating after the fall of the
corolla ; bracts sublinear, entire or toothed, glandular-pilose, spread-
ing, 3-3 in. long; pedicels ranging up to 14 in. long ; ealyx-segments
linear, obtuse, pilose, }—1 in. long, spreading in flower, erect in fruit ;
corolla bilabiate, very various in colour from different shades of
yellow or purple to white, often veined and marked with purple on
the outside; throat with dusky points on a yellow ground; upper
lip 4-cleft, 1-8 in. long, 2-1 in. broad, glabrous within; lobes
rounded; lower lip 8-11 in. broad, notched at the apex, bearded
within especially towards the base; pouch short, broad, slightly
bifoveolate ; capsule roundly oval, 1-1 in. long; valves diverging at
the apex, obliquely truncate along curved lines including a large
angle; seeds numerous, tuberculate, winged. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. 260; N. H. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 269, fig. 48; Hook.
JF. in Bot. Mag. t. 7272. <Antirrhinum strumosum, Herb. Banks. ex
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 18. N. strumosa, var. Suttoni,
Journ. Hort. 1892, ser. 3, xxv. 107, fig. 16.
Souta Arrica: without locality, Masson! Thunberg! Thom! Herb. Bur-
mann ! and cultivated specimens ! ;
Coast Region: Malmesbury Div.; Drie Fontein, Zeyher, 1269! in sandy
places at and near Groene Kloof (Mamre), below 500 ft., Drege! Ecklon, 68!
249! Pappe! Yorke, 43! between Groene Kloof and Saldanha Bay, Drege,
7882!
3. N. Guthriei (Hiern); an erect herb, annual, about 1 ft. high,
glabrous below, glandular-pilose above, sparingly branched; stem
leafy at the base, obtusely quadrangular below, somewhat flexuous,
shining, towards the apex tetragonous, wiry; branches rather
slender, patent, or ascending, internodes mostly exceeding the leaves ;
leaves opposite or subopposite, ovate, oval or lanceolate or the basal
obovate, obtuse or subacute at the apex, obtuse or more or -less
narrowed at the base, sessile or subsessile or the basal tapering
downwards, more or less strongly toothed except the denticulate
basal ones, 8-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, subglabrous, minutely
glandular-papillose; flowers about { in. long; racemes terminal,
minutely pilose, rather dense, 21 in. long in fruit, shorter in flower,
several- or many-flowered, corymbose or oval; bracts alternate,
lanceolate, entire or with few teeth, sessile, 1-2 in. long; pedicels
3? in. long; ealyx-segments linear-oval or -oblong, obtuse,
glandular-pilose, 1—2 in. long ; corolla pallid, about § in. broad, saccate
at the base; lips about 2 in. long; upper lobes ovate-oblong, about
=; in. long; lower lip rounded, about 3 in. broad; palate bearded ‘
pouch about 4, in. broad and deep, rounded ; capsule obliquely
ovoid, broadly notched at the apex, a little contracted near the apex,
unequally narrowed towards the base, not horned, }—} in. long,
3-5 in. broad.
Coast RrGion: Cape Div.; in dry sandy places at Raapenburg, near vaca
bray, 60 ft., Guthrie, 1221!
174 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). | Nemesia.
4. N. Bodkinii (Bolus in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2502) ; an ascending or
suberect herb, annual (Bolus), glabrous or nearly so except the
inflorescence, 3-9 in. high, woody and much branched at the base ;
branches ascending, decussate, angular, leafy at least» below, firm or
wiry ; internodes mostly about equalling or shorter than the leaves ;
leaves opposite, lanceolate, sublinear or ovate, acute or apiculate,
somewhat narrowed to the sessile subdecurrent base or the lower
wedge-shaped to the shortly petiolate base, strongly toothed, thick,
1-1 in. long, ~,-1 in. broad; teeth acute or apiculate; racemes
terminal, short, few-flowered, lax; pedicels 1-2 in. long, finely
pilose or puberulous, arising from the axils of bracts; bracts alter-
nate or the lowest opposite, sublinear and smaller than the leaves
or the lowest leaf-like; calyx-segments lanceolate or somewhat
ovate or oblong, obtuse or scarcely acute, glandular-pilose or -puberu-
lous, ;4;-1 in. long; corolla blackish-purple (Bolus), 2—% in. long,
sparingly pilose outside, glabrous within; tube inflated, gaping at
the throat, with two shallow pockets on the upper side ; limb patent;
upper lip deeply 4-cleft, about + in. long, the full breadth of the
corolla ; lobes rounded, subequal, 2 in. in diam.; lower lip broadly
oblong, rounded at the apex, } in. broad at the base, about + in. long,
entire; pouch broadly saccate-conical, very blunt, 1-1 in. long,
be
3-2 in. broad, inflated, notched at the tip; capsule ovate-oblong,
excise at the apex, somewhat unequal and nearly rounded at the
base, glabrous, 1 in. Jong, + in. broad.
Coast Rea@ron : Clanwilliam Div.; Pakhuis Berg, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 8628!
‘Tulbagh Div.; on the steep slopes of mountains about Tulbagh (New) Kloof,
1200 ft., Bodkin §° Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 8401!
5. N. saccata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii.
19) ; an ereet or suberect herb, annual, about 6-10 in. high, glab-
rous below, somewhat glandular-pilose above, leafy at least below,
usually branched from the base ; stem and branches quadrangular;
. leaves opposite, linear, very obtuse at the apex, slightly narrowed
towards the sessile narrowly decurrent base, entire (or rarely with a
few small teeth), somewhat fleshy, glabrous, 1-11 in. long; racemes
oblong, terminating the stem and branches, flat at the top, 3-6 in.
long, puberulous ; bracts alternate, linear or lanceolate, obtuse, entire,
sessile, gradually shorter than the leaves; pedicels alternate, in the
axils of the bracts, 3-1 in. long, slender, more or less spreading ;
calyx-segments oval or oblong, obtuse, glandular-puberulous and
-ciliolate or nearly glabrous, ;4,—), in. long; corolla 1—2 in. long and.
broad, blue, glabrous, not bearded, with a short broad pouch at the
base ; upper lip deeply 4-lobed ; lobes oblong or ovate, rounded at
the apex, about } in. long ; lower lip bifid at the apex, 2 in. long,
the full breadth of the corulla; anthers scarcely cohering ; capsule
about { in. long, } in. broad, obovoid, subtruncate and emarginate at
the apex ; valves broad, curved and making an obtuse angle with
each other at the apex. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 260.
Nemesia.] SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 175
Western Recton: Little Namaqualand; Noagas, 1000-2000 ft., Drége,
3143! in sandy places, near Port Nolloth, 200 ft., Bolus, 649! Brak Fontein,
Herb. Sonder !
6. N. hastata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 260) ; herbaceous, nearly
glabrous; stem or branches slender, ascending or erect, quad-
rangular, 5-8 in. long, rather leafy below; leaves opposite, linear,
obtuse at the apex, hastate at the shortly petiolate base, revolute on
the entire or rarely slightly toothed margin, 1-1 in. long; racemes
terminal, few-flowered, short ; bracts ovate, spreading, sessile, ;1, in.
long; pedicels usually’3, at or near the apex of the pedunele, slender,
puberulous, 1-8 in. long, the lower opposite; common peduncle
slender, 11-81 in. long ; calyx-segments lanceolate or ovate, shortly
puberulous, ;4; in. long; corolla handsome, very beautifally scarlet,
3% in. broad, not bearded; pouch very short, broad; upper lip
deeply 4-lobed ; lobes rounded, about } in. long; lower lip about as
long asthe upper; anthers cohering ; ovary ovoid.
CENTRAL REGION: Middelburg Div.; in stony grassy places by the road-
side, on the southern side of Naauw Poort, Burchell, 2783 !
7. N. lucida (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 19); an erect
or ascending herb, annual, nearly glabrous, shining, 1-1} ft. high,
simple or branched from the base, slender; branches ascending or
decumbent, more or Jess leafy below and naked above; leaves
opposite, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or scarcely acute at the
apex, subcordate, subtruneate or very obtuse at the shortly petiolate
or subsessile base, more or less coarsely serrate-dentate, membranous
or slightly fleshy, 1-11 in. long, 1-8 in. broad; racemes oblong,
terminating the stem and branches, lax, few- or several-flowered,
2-6 in. long; braets alternate, linear or lanceolate, entire, denticu-
late or rarely pinnatifid, 2-2 in. long, sessile; common peduncles
ranging up to 7 in. long, and pedicels to 1} in.; calyx-segments
linear or narrowly oval, obtuse, 7,1 in. long, nerved, minutely
glandular-puberulous ; corolla 1—1 in. long and broad, not bearded,
white or coloured ; lobes rounded, ;; in. long; pouch blunt or
1-2-papillate at the apex, about 4, in. long and broad ; capsule
obovoid-oblong or oval-oblong, broad with an obtuse-angled notch at
the apex, narrowed towards the base, }-} in. long, j—3 in. broad ;
valves with their apiculate tips widely diverging. Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 260. N. bicornis, Sieb. Fl. Cap. 254, ex Presl, Bot.
Bemerk. 91; not of Persoon.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sieber / Rogers! :
Coast haere Cape Div.; Loh part of Table Mountain, Ecklon, 576!
Bolus, 7960! slopes near Constantia, Ecklon, 371! slopes near Fernwood,
Wolley Dod, 157! Red Hill, Wolley Dod, 1544! Orange Kloof, Wolley Dod,
2689! The Glen, Groot Schuur, Wolley Dod, 3072! lower slopes of Skeleton
Ravine, Wolley Dod, 2932! Pauls Berg, Wolley Dod, 3014!
8. N. Leipoldtii (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, nearly glabrous,
minutely glandular, shining, simple or sparingly branched, somewhat
176 SCROPHULARIACEHX (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
rigid, 6-12 in. high or rather more; stem and branches tetragonous, —
the latter opposite and erect-patent ; internodes mostly exceeding —
the leaves; leaves opposite, ovate or the upper somewhat lanceo-
late, obtuse at the apex, subtruncate, rounded or obtusely narrowed
at the base, irregularly dentate, membranous, 1-11 in. long, 2—$ in.
broad, subsessile and narrowly decurrent or shortly petiolate;
petioles rather broad, narrowly decurrent ; flowers rather numerous,
racemose, about 1—} in. long and 3-3 in. broad; racemes terminal,
several- or many-flowered, moderately lax, 1-5 in. long; pedicels
alternate, spreading, curving upwards near the apex, 1—% in. long,
bracteate at the base; bract ovate, dentate, broad at the base and
embracing the base of the pedicel, sessile, ~,-1 in. long; calyx-
segments 5, oval, rounded or very obtuse at the apex, nearly equal,
more or less overlapping each other, minutely and closely ciliolate,
7s} in. long, persistent; corolla very tender, apparently lilac on
the lips, yellow on the shallow broad pocket and on the convex
glandular-papillose palate, otherwise’* glabrous; lip widely diverg-
ing, 11 in. long; stamens glabrous or nearly so, short; anthers
cohering by pairs, one pair larger than the other ; filaments fili-
form ; capsules ovate-quadrate, compressed, subtruncate at the apex,
nearly glabrous, sparingly glandular, =*.—5 in. long, —} in. broad;
valves nearly equal or somewhat unequal, scarcely or slightly
apiculate at the outer side of the apex, rounded on the outer side of
the base ; seeds, including the scariously winged border, 3}, in. long,
oval-oblong.
ar Reaion: Calvinia Div.; Nieuwoudtyille, Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus,
9. N. picta (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 176); an erect
herb, annual, rigid, branched a little from the base upwards, 5-10 in.
high; branches tetragonous, glabrous exeept at the apex, shining,
slender, wiry ; internodes mostly longer than the leaves; leaves
opposite, glabrous, patent; lower leaves shortly petiolate, oblong-
elliptic, strongly toothed, rarely obscurely toothed or nearly entire,
$-1 in. long; upper leaves sessile, lanceolate, acute at the apex,
strongly toothed or subpinnatifid-lobulate, $-* in. long; teeth sharp —
or strongly apiculate ; racemes loosely several-flowered, elongating,
1-3 in. long; bracts linear or broader, alternate, entire or toothed,
obtuse or acute, patent or spreading, the lower leaf-like, the upper
smaller and glandular-puberulous ; pedicels rigidly filiform, erect-
patent or ascending, glandular-puberulous, 1-1 in. long; calyx-
segments lanceolate-oblong or sublinear, rather obtuse, glandular-
puberulous, subequal, 4-1 in. long; corolla rosy with a white
marking and yellow throat, ornamental, about 1-1 in. in diam.; seg- _
ments of the upper lip oblong or rounded, obtuse, about 1_1 in, long,
subequal, erect-patent ; lower lip rounded, deeply excised, as long as
the upper; spur or pouch subsaccate, conical, somewhat blunt with @
short narrow nipple at the end, about ;,—2 in. long; throat puberu-
lous ; capsule oblong, subtruncate at the apex, shortly and broadly
Nemesia. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 177
excised, unequal and round at the base, glabrous, 12 in. long,
¢-4 In. broad; valves with diverging scarcely horned tips; seeds
suborbicular, the body verruculose-appendiculate, wings snowy-
white.
Coast Rreton: Worcester Div.; on stony mountains behind Bains Kloof,
2500 ft., Schlechter, 9117 !
10. N. brevicalcarata (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 174) ;
an ascending undershrub, perennial, slender, branched ; branches
tetragonous, glabrous; internodes mostly longer than the leaves;
leaves opposite, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, acute at the apex,
wedge-shaped or nearly rounded at the base, sharply few-toothed,
glabrous on both faces, erect-patent, shortly petiolate or sessile, }—* in.
long, 1-1 in. broad; racemes lax, several-flowered; rhachis glandular-
puberulous; pedicels erect-patent, filiform, glandular-puberu'ous or
pilose, 1-2 in. long; bracts minute, patent or spreading, viscid-
puberulous; calyx-segments linear or lanceolate-linear, subacute,
densely glandular-puberulous, subdivaricate, ;';—;'5 iu. long; corolla
glabrous ; lobes of the upper lip white, subequal, erect, rounded,
vo} in. long; lower lip white, rounded-oblong, shortly excised at
the apex, about as long as the upper; throat inflated, puberulous,
dilated at the base into a very obtuse pale violet pouch; pouch or
spur minute, nipple-like, scarcely 5 in. long; capsule oblong,
excised at the apex, rounded at the base, glabrous, erect-patent, { in,
long, 2 in. broad; valves shortly horned ; seeds pale brown, yy in.
broad, body oblong and densely verrucose, the winged part twice the
length of the body.
Coast Reaion: Worcester Div.; on the rocky parts of mountains behind
Bains Kloof, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 9103 !
11. N. barbata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 19); an
erect. or ascending herb, annual, neatly glabrous, shining, 5-20 in.
high, branched from the base or simple, somewhat slender ; stem and
branches leafy below, quadrangular, angles slightly scabrid or smooth ;
leaves opposite, ovate or oval or the upper lanreolate, obtuse at the
apex, subtruncate or very obtuse at the sessile or subsessile amplexi-
caul base, or in the case of the lower leaves shortly petiolate,
coarsely dentate or the lower nearly entire, jl} in. long, }—-} in.
broad ; racemes terminal, pilose, 2-9-flowered, 1-4 in. long, corym-
bose or oblong; bracts alternate, smaller than the leaves: pedicels in
the axils of the bracts, ranging up to 1} lin. long; calyx-segments
linear or narrowly oval, obtuse, hispid-pilose, $— 1n. long ; corolla
$-2 in. long; the upper lip 4-lobed, }—} in. long, white outside,
inside blue above with a white margin and purple-striate below;
lobes semi-elliptieal, 1-1 in. long, ~;—7o in. broad, rounded at the
apex ; lower lip broadly oblong, widened towards the rounded entire
or emarginate apex, keeled on the upper half, blue, -2 in. long ;
lower part or claw white, striped with red outside, geniculate et
strongly bearded inside, 1—1 in. broad; spur conical, straight, 1-2 in.
VOL. IV.—sECT. I, N
178 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). {| Nemesia
long, 1—,3; in. broad, obtuse, striped with purple lines, looking as if
made up of the combination of two horns; capsule urceolate or
ovoid-oblong, 1-2 in. long, 3—} in. broad, apices of the valves form-
ing an obtuse angle with diverging apieuli. Krauss in Flora, 1844,
834; Benth. in DC. Prodr.x. 261. Antirrhinum barbatum, Thunb.
Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 482.
P stb die Argica : without locality, Auge / Forbes! Alewander (Prior)! Masson!
evher !
Coast Rzcion: Clanwilliam Div.; Brak Fontein, Zeyher! Malmesbury
Div.; Laauws Kloof, near Groene Kloof (Mamre), below 1000 ft., Drége, 7831a!
on hills, near Groene Kloof, Thunb-rg! 400 ft., Bolus, 4309! Saldanha Bay,
Yorke! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, in stony and rocky places, Drége ! sandy
ground at Paarl, Bunbury, 159! Cape Div.; on the Flats near Constantia, —
8, 1612! Camp ground, Wolley Dod, 155! Signal Hill, Wolley Dod, 156!
near Cupe Town, Pappe! Thunberg / Bolus,7245! Paradise, Harvey, 503! 520!
Lion Mountain, Ecklon, 972! Simons Bay, Wright, 608! 616! Stellenbosch
Div.; Stellenbosch, Sanderson, 974! Caledon Div., Zwart Berg, Ecklon!
Swellendam Div.; between Hessaquas Kloof and Breede River, Zeyher, 3483!
N. barbata, var. minor, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Brandenb. xxxi. 189, which is
characterized by smaller capsules and by the wings on the seeds being nearly as
long as the Jongitudinal axis of the body of the seed, is unknown to me.
is a native of Great Namaqualand, between Aus and Tiras, collector not
mentioned,
12. N. grandiflora (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 473); an erect
herb, nearly glabrous, simple or branched, 12-20 in. high; root-
leaves oblong, wedge-shaped at the base, * in. long, + in. broad;
petioles 2 in. long; stem-leaves linear, few-toothed, sessile, 4-2 in.
long, 3,—} in. broad, or smaller; floral leaves bract-like, 72;—-} 1.
long; inflorescence glandular; ealyx-segments Janceolate-linear,
glandular, + in. long; upper corolla-lobes oblong, 12 in. long, }-§ iM. |
broad ; Jower lip very ample, scarcely emarginate, 2—1 in. long, $ i0-
broad: throat bearded ; palate shaggy; spur short, conical, searcely
1 in. long; capsule ovate, somewhat contracted at the apex with two
short horns, 2-4 in. long, 1-1 in. broad.
Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; neighbourhood of Hopefield, Bachmann, —
1407, 1408, 2236.
18. N. euryceras (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 175) ; a0
erect herb, annual, simple or branched chiefly at the base, tender,
5-8 in. high; branches erect or ascending, glabrous ; internodes ©
mostly exceeding the leaves ; leaves opposite; the lower spathulate-
elliptic, obtuse at the apex, attenuate at the base into the petiole,
4—}1 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, entire or obscurely dentate; uppet
leaves sessile or subsessile, lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse at bo
ends, gradually shorter; racemes lax, several-flowered; pedicels
patent or erect-patent, filiform, very slender, 41-1 in. long; bracts —
alternate, ovate, obtuse, spreading, 34,1 in. long, thinly glandular-_
puberulous or nearly glabrous ; calyx-segments narrowly oval-ovate,
scarcely acute or subobtuse, glandular-puberulous, ;—3 in. long
corolla pale violet above, darker at the throat; two uppermost lobes
erect, linear-ligulate, obtuse, 1! in. long; two lateral lobes som
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 179
what shorter, erect-patent ; lower lip subquadrate-oblong, rounded at
the apex, sulphur-yellow, scareely shorter than the upper, about + in.
long; spur conical, subacute, somewhat incurved, sulphur-yellow,
glabrous outside, 4, in. long, inside puberulous on the very open
throat at the base of the lower lip; capsules ovoid-oblong, sub-
truncate and excised at the apex, unequal and nearly rounded at the
base, glabrous, a little contracted below the apex, not or scarcely
horned, 1—8 in. long, 3+ in. broad.
WeEsTERN Recon : Little Namaqualand; I’us, among hills, near the Orange
River, Schlechter, 11414! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; in sandy places near the Zout
River, 450 ft., Schlechter, 8126 !
14. N. micrantha (Hiern); a shining herb, annual, subglabrous,
densely branched from the base, about 5 in. high; lower branches
decumbent, ascending, upper erect or suberect, all leafy; leaves
opposite, lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse or subapiculate at the apex,
somewhat narrowed at the sessile or subsessile somewhat clasping
base, entire or with a few teeth, 1-11 in. long, j,-} in. broad;
racemes terminal, several-flowered, 3-2 in. long; pedicels slender,
4s In. long; braets sublinear, mostly alternate, smaller than the
leaves ; flowers about 1 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate or sub-
linear, obtuse, minutely glandular-pilose ; corolla-lips about ¢ in,
long; upper lobes about + in. long, broadly linear; lower lip
narrow; palate weakly bearded; spur linear from a broader base,
zz in. long, blunt.
Coast Region: Cape Div.; Hout Bay fisheries, on a small grassy mound
towards the further end of a dripping rock, where the water forms a small pool ;
one plant only seen, Oct. 9th, 1897, Wolley Dod, 3068!
15. N. Cheiranthus (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 19); an erect herb, annual, glabrous below, finely pilose
above, shining, simple or not much branched, slender, about a foot
high; stem quadrangular, smooth or nearly so; upper internodes
exceeding the leaves ; leaves opposite, ovate-oblong or the upper
lanceolate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, rounded and amplexicaul
at the sessile base or the lower shortly petiolate, subentire or denticu-
late, 1-11 in. long, 3,2 in. broad; racemes terminal, 13-7 in. long,
corymbose or oblong, rather lax, several-flowered ; bracts alternate,
smaller and narrower than the leaves; pedicels in the axils of the
bracts, ranging up to 11 in. long; ealyx-segments linear-lanceolate or
linear, obtuse, finely pilose, =} in. long; uppermost corolla-lobes
linear-lanceolate or linear, acute, about zs in. long, about =, in.
broad ; lateral lobes 1 in. long; lower lip of the corolla broad,
rounded, emarginate, shorter than the upper ; palate bearded ; spur
conical, straight, 41 in. long; capsule not known. Benth. in DC.
1
Prodr. x. 261.
Coast Rraton : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; rocky places on Knagas Berg, 1000-
1500 ft., Drége, 3149! Clanwilliam Div.; near the Olitants River and
Brackfontein, Ecklon !
N 2
180 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
16. N. pulchella (Sehlechter MS.) ; an erect or ascending herb, —
annual, finely pilose or below glabrous, 4-15 in. high, simple or
loosely branched, shining; lower internodes short, upper longer
than the leaves; stem and branches tetragonous, furrowed, rather
slender; leaves mostly opposite, oval, ovate or lanceolate or the
upper sublinear, obtuse at the apex, subtruncate or shortly narrowed
at the base, sessile or subsessile or the basal shortly petiolate,
denticulate or subentire, 1—1 in. long, 1—2 in. broad ; racemes terminal,
subcorymbose or elongated and oblong, few- or many-flowered,
1-1 in, long; bracts alternate, sublinear, smaller than the leaves,
sessile, glandular-puberulous, spreading or deflexed; pedicels rather
slender, spreading or ascending, finely pilose, 1—% in. long; ealyx-
segments narrowly oval-linear, obtuse, }—1 in. long; upper corolla-
lobes lanceolate-linear, obtuse, about 2—% in. long, pallid, longer than
the lower lip; palate subglabrous, with two orange-coloured
gibbosities ; spur conical, obtuse, 4-1 in. long, pallid; capsules
broadly ovate-oblong, subtruncate or broadly notched and_ sub-
emarginate at the apex, unequal and scarcely or quite rounded at the
base, glabrous, 1—1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, slightly narrowed a little
below the apex, not horned.
Coast Recton;: Clanwilliam Div.; banks of the Olifants River, 400 ft.,
Schlechter, 5028! in sandy places, near Clanwilliam, 309 ft., Bolws, 9064! among
hills at Agtertuin, between Pakhuis and Doorn River, 800 ft., Schlechter,
10860 !
Centrat ReGion: Calvinia Div.; Oorlogs Kloof, 2500 ft , Schlechter, 10966 !
tases. Reinet Div.; on the Karroo plain, near Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus,
WeSTERN ReGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karree Bergen, 1800 ft., Schlechter,
€264! Little Namaqualand Div.; Riet Kloof, between Garies and Springbuk,
2500 ft. (a form with linear leaves), Schlechter, 11197 !
17. N. macroceras (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 175); an_
erect herb, annual, slender, simple or but little brauched, }-1 ft.
high or rather more, leafy at the base, distantly leafy above; stem
straight, nearly glabrous, shining; lower leaves opposite, upper
alternating or opposite, patent or spreading, linear or lanceolate, —
somewhat acute or obtuse, more or less distinctly dentate or denticu-
late; lowest leaves subpetiolate, glabrous, ranging nearly up to 2} in.
long by 2 in. broad ; uppermost leaves gradually passing into the
braets ; racemes loosely several- or many-flowered, elongating; de-—
flexed or spreading bracts and elongating pedieels glandular-puberu-
lous; calyx-segments oblong or lanceolate, somewhat obtuse,
-glandular-puberulous, ~,-1 in. long; upper lip of the corolla
normally white ; lobes linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, equol, about ©
4-7 in. long, scarcely +, in. broad ; lower lip rounded, emarginate
at the apex, bigibbous at the base, about 1 in, long, yellow; spur
deflexed, cylindrical, very blunt at the apex, about 2 in. long, some-
what incurved at the tip; capsule obovate-oblong, broadly notched
at the apex, glabrous, }—1 in. long and broad, unequal at the nearly
rounded base, not horned, rtd
Nemesia. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 181
Var. B, crocea (Schlechter, l.c. 176) ; flowers saffron-yellow throughout, rather
larger than in the type.
Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; in sandy places behind Wind Hoek,
about 400 ft., Schlechter, 8360! Var. B: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; in sandy places
near Attys, by the Drooge River, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 8325!
WxsteErn Reaion: Little Bushwansland; at Keuzabies, Max Schlechter,
83!
18. N. parviflora (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 20);
an erect or ascending herb, often diffuse, annual, glabrous below,
slightly pilose above, shining, simple or branched from the base,
4-18 in. high; stem and branches quadrangular, smooth or nearly
so, slender; upper internodes exceeding the leaves, the lower or
basal short ; leaves mostly opposite, ovate or lanceolate or sub-
linear, obtuse at the apex, rounded at the sessile base or the lower
somewhat narrowed and shortly petiolate, denticulate or entire, 1—1
in. long, z'o—s In. broad ; racemes subcorymbose or oblong, elongat-
ing, rather lax, several- or many-flowered, 1-12 in. long ; bracts
alternate, smaller or narrower than the leaves; pedicels inserted in
the axils of the bracts, slender, 1% in. long, finely pilose; flowers
orange-red and yellow (Galpin); calyx-segments Janceolate-linear
or sublinear, puberulous, obtuse or subacute, tyro in. long ; upper
corolla-lobes oblong, rounded at the apex, 53,3 1m. long; lower lip
$ in. long, rounded ; palate bearded ; spur narrowly conical-cylin-
drieal, straight, blunt, purplish, about 35 in. long, not dilated at the
free end ; capsules 1—1 in. long, 1—} in. broad, broad and emarginate
at the top, rather unequally rounded at the base. Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 262.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Forbes, 275! Harvey /
Coast meeions Clanwilliam Div. 3 Vogel Foutein, 1000 tL, Schlechter,
8511! Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh, Pappe! Piquetberg Div.; Piquet Berg, 600 ft.,
Guthrie in Herb. Bolus, 2671! Cape Div.; Cape Flats at Doorn Spe
Zeyher, 1270! near Cape Town, Alexander (Prior)! Table Monninin, See
857! Stinkwater, Rehmann, 1231! lower part of Silvermine River, Wo a fea
277! Slang Kop River, Wolley Dod, 1447! Bredasdorp Div. ; shay oe -
Koude River, schlechter, ¥588! Swellendam Div. ; hillside at nigh ben a . af
Galpin, 4358! Mossel Bay Div. ; yee Bere, 800 tt., Galpin, 436 tocken-
strom Diy. ; at Elands Post, Cooper, 269! :
KaLanarr i ee Gechoanatae: banks of the Moshowa river, between
Takun and Molito (a diffuse form), Burchell, 2288 !
19. N. viscosa (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 21); an erect herb, annual, closely branched, viscid-pubescent,
3-12 in. ‘high; stem and branches tetragonous, leafy ; bene
Opposite, spreading, ascending ; leaves opposite, ovate - _— id
acute or obtuse at the apex, obtuse or somewhat wedge-shaped at the
base, shortly petiolate or the upper sessile, entire or minutely denticu-
late, $lt in. long, 35-2 in. broad ; racemes terminating the stem
and branches, oblong or subcorymbose, }—6 in. long, several- or many-
flowered ; bracts alternate, narrowly Janceolate or sublingst, soute,
sessile, entire, smaller than the leaves, 32 in. long; pedicels 3% in.
long, inserted in the axils of the bracts; calyx-segments lancevlate
182 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
or sublinear, subacute, ;3;—! in. long; corolla yellow ; the upper lip
about 1-1 in, long; lobes ovate, 3-1 in. long, very obtuse, scarcely
exceeding the lower lip; palate subglabrous; spur straight, cylin-
drical, narrow, obtuse, about 3; in. long; capsules oblong, glabrous or
nearly so, subtruncate at the apex, unequal and nearly rounded at
the base, 1-2 in. long, }—1 in. broad. Benth. in DC. Prodr, x.
3 5 +
263.
Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; on hills and by the Orange River,
near Verleptpram, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3142a! 31425! in sandy places near
Port Nolloth, 50ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 650!
20. N. glaucescens (Hiern); an erect herb, annual, slender,
glaucescent, simple or nearly so, glabrous below, sparingly glandular-
pilose above, 6-10 in. high; stem slender, tetragonous, furrowed ;
internodes mostly longer than the leaves; leaves opposite, oblong-
lanceolate or sublinear or the lower oval, obtuse or rounded at the
apex, nearly rounded at the base, membranous, glabrous, distantly
denticulate or very nearly entire, sessile or subsessile or the lower
shortly petiolate, 3-11 in. long, jj-2 in. broad; racemes terminal,
few-flowered, lax; bracts lanceolate-linear, alternate, subentire,
smaller than the leaves; common peduncle 1-3 in. long, slender;
pedicels axillary to the bracts, very slender, thinly glandular-pilose, —
3-% in. long; calyx-segments linear-elliptic, obtuse or nearly s0,
glandular-puberulous, 11 in. long; corolla glabrous, pallid, about
+ in. long ; upper lip 3-8 in. long; lobes oblong, rounded at the
apex, about 2 in. long and 11 in. broad; lower lip rounded and
emarginate at the apex, about as long as the upper; palate glabrous;
Spur conical-prolonged, straight, 2-1 in. long, obtuse or scarcely
acute,
WesTEEN Recon: Little Namaqualand; at Modderfontein, Whitehead !
21. N. affinis (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 21, excl. B
and y); an erect herb, annual, glabrous below, puberulous above,
branched from the base, 4-18 in. high ; stem and branches tetrago-
nous, smooth or nearly so, leafy below; leaves mostly opposite,
sometimes fasciculate-verticillate, oblong, lanceolate or linear, obtuse
at the apex, somewhat narrowed at the subsessile base or the lower
shortly petiolate, mostly denticulate, 111 in. long, 3, in. broad,
glabrous; racemes terminal, oblong, few- or many-flowered, 1-2 in.
long; bracts alternate, sessile, mostly smaller than the leaves;
pedicels rather slender, inserted in the axils of the bracts, 4-3 12-
long; calyx-segments narrowly elliptical or sublinear, nearly gla-
brous, ;5—} in. long, obtuse ; upper corolla-lobes oblong, rounded at—
_ the apex, 1-1 in. long; lower lip about as long as the upper; palate
bearded with very slender hairs; spur conical, prolonged, obtuse,
straight or nearly so, }—! in. long ; capsules urceolate-oblong, some-—
what contracted at the apex, unequally rounded or obtusely narrow
at the base, {—} in. long, 1-1 in. broad; valves subtruncate, apex
nearly straight, shortly rounded on the inside edge, scarcely apiculate
Nemesia. SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern), 183
and very shortly rounded about the outer edge, making a very
obtuse angle with that of the other valve. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x.
262.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Harvey! Oldenburg!
Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div. ; in sandy places, near Alexanders Hoek,
Schlechter, 5142! on hills at Agtertuin, 800 ft., Schlechter, 10857! Olifants
River, 400 ft., Schlechter, 5017! Tulbagh Div.; Saron, 800 ft., Schlechter,
10640! Cape Div.; near Constantia, Ecklon §° Zeyher! hills near Kamps Bay,
Wilms, 3491! Galpin, 4363! Cape Flats, Pappe! Zeyher, 1270! Feilden!
Simons Bay, Wright! on the sea-shore, near Simonstown, Schlechter, 1194!
Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Ecklon ¥ Zeyher, 199! Uitenhage
Div.; Uitenhage, Zeyher, 139! Riversdale Div.; near Milkwood Fontein,
600 ft., Galpin, 4361!
WEsTERN REGION: Little Namaqualand; without precise locality, Scully,
64! Great Namaqualand; Tiras and Bell I Hisib, Schinz, 7! lower district of
the Orange River, Steingrover, 19!
Also in the tropical part of Great Namaqualand.
22. N. floribunda (Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1833); an
ereet herb, annual, glabrous below, somewhat pilose above, shining,
pallid, branched from the base or nearly simple, 6-15 in. high;
stem and branches tetragonous, smooth; upper internodes rather
longer than the leaves; leaves opposite, ovate or oval or the upper-
most sublanceolate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, subtruncate at
the sessile or subsessile base or the lower shortly petiolate, glabrous,
moderately dentate or denticulate or subentire, }-12 in. long, 3';-%
sparingly pilose or nearly glabrous, + in. long; capsules obovate-
Sourn Arrica: cultivated specimens !
Coast ReGion: Cape Div.. Devils Mountain, 1000 ft., Krauss, 16 ! (ex
Hochstetter), Riversdale Div. ; near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 67 &: iten-
hage Diy.; near Enon, below 500 ft., Drége, 897¢! Uitenhage, Zeyher ! near the
Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 348%. Port Elizabeth Div.; Algoa Bay, Forbes !
Albany Div.; Fish Kiver Heights, Hutfon/ near Grahamstown, MacOwan,
796 partly! Cathcart Div.; Catheart, Kuntze; Stutterheim Div.; Toise
River Station, Kuntze ; British Kaffraria, Cooper, 162!
184 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
CenTRAL ReGion: Fraserburg Div.; between the Zak River and Kopj
Fontein, Burchel/, 1501!
EasteERN Reaion: Natal; Clairmont and Van Reenens Pass, Kunize.
This is the Nemesia mentioned by Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 286, note.
N. floribunda, var. tenuior, Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834, without description, is
unknown to me.
Coast Reeron: Uniondale Div. ; Lange Kloof, Krauss, 1617!
ee excise
23. N. versicolor (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 20); an erect or ascending herb, annual, nearly glabrous
below, slightly pilose above, simple or branched from the base,
shining, 4-14 in. high; stem and branches tetragonous, smooth or —
nearly so; upper internodes mostly exceeding the leaves ; leaves
0; posite, ovate, oblong-lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse or rounded at
the apex, more or less narrowed to the sessile or subsessile base, or
in the case of the lower leaves almost petiolate, entire, toothed or
denticulate, 1-12 in. long and 2;—3 in. broad or rather larger;
racemes terminating the stem and branches, subcorymbose and
elongating, several- or many-flowered, 1-3 in. long; bracts alternate, —
7-1 in. long; pedicels inserted in the axils of the bracts, the lower —
1anging up to nearly 1 in. long, the upper shorter ; calyx-segments —
broadly linear, obtuse, puberulous, 54,1 in. long or in fruit about
2 in. long; corolla variable in colour, either white and striate outside —
or cinnabar-red, striate outside and sulphur-coloured on the throat or
sulphur-coloured and not striate; the four upper corolla-lobes
oblong, 11 in. long, obtuse ; lower lip about as long as the upper, + 1.
long ; palate somewhat bearded or pubescent, bicallose ; spur incurved
or uearly straight, not thickened at the free end, 1} in. long;
capsules 1—2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, unequally rounded at the base,
broadly notched at the apex; valves curved at the apex, obtusely
pointed at the outer side. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 261, not of
Drége in Linnea, xx. 197.
Var. 8, oxyceras (Benth. in Hook. I.c., name only); corolla deeper yellow; —
spur more acute. Benth. in DC. luc.
Souts Arrica: without locality, Grey !
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Zuur Fontein, 200 ft., Schlechter, —
8526! by the Olifants River at Brak Fontein, Ecklon! Malmesbury Div. ; neat
Hopefield and by the road towards Saldanha Bay, Bachmann, 6011402! 2089!
Saldanha Bay, Ecklon, 198! Piquetberg Div.; at the foot of Piquetberg» Moun-
tains, 800-00 ft., Schlechter. 5217! Knysna Div. ; between Melville and the
mouth of the Knysna River, Burchell, 5612! between Groene Valley and Zwart
Valley, Burchell, 5670! 5630! 5681! Var. 8: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Kaagas
Berg and between it and Heerelogement, Drége, 3146b! 4
WESTERN Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karree Bergen, 1200 ft., Schlechter, —
8305! Bitter Fontein, 1300 ft., Schlechter, 11043! Little Namaqaaland, near
Silver Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége, 3147a! 31476! and without precise locality
W. J. R. M. in Herb. Bolus, 6488 partly ! Bee
24. N. psammophila (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 176); 20
erect herb, annual, nearly glabrous below, somewhat pilose above,
minutely glandular, somewhat shining, slender, simple or bran red
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARTACE® (Hiern). 185
at or near the base, 4~12 in. high ; stem tetragonous, furrowed, leafy
about the base, naked or sparingly leafy above; basal branches
opposite, spreading, prostrate or ascending, tetragonous, moderately
leafy ; upper internodes exceeding the leaves; radical leaves rosulate,
narrowly elliptical or oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, tapering to the
base, membranous, entire, repand, denticulate or few-toothed, pale
green or subglaucous beneath, 1-11 in. long, 345-2 in. broad ; petioles
ranging up to } in. long; cauline leaves similar or narrower, opposite,
sessile or shortly petiolate, ranging up to 1% in. long; flowers race-
mose, several or rather numerous, 3—,7; in. long and broad; racemes
terminal, comparatively dense at the corymbose top, lax below, mostly
1~2 in. long; pedicels slender, spreading or erect-patent, alternate,
singly arising from the axils of the small narrowly linear bracts,
thinly glandular-pilose, 2 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate-oval
or oval-oblong, obtuse, weakly trinerved, minutely glandular, spread-
ing, subequal, ;,-1 in. long; corolla pale blue with an orange-
coloured throat; upper lip 4-1 in. long, obtusely 4-lobed, lobes
ovate or oblong; lower lip quadrate-oblong, shortly excised at the
apex, about 3 in. long by 5, in. broad; throat minutely puberulous
within; palate shortly bearded; spur cylindric-conical, obtuse,
4-2 in. long, nearly straight or incurved about the terminal third ;
stamens 4; anthers glabrous; filaments minutely glandular-puberu-
lous ; capsules oblong, glabrous, excised at the apex, nearly rounded
at the base, nearly 1 in. long; valves with their outer top corners
diverging and apiculate.
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; in sandy places near Zeekoe Vley, 600 ft.,
Schlechter, 8507! on the banks of rivers and in sandy soil near water, near the
village of Clanwilliam, Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus, 9375!
25. N. Maxii (Hiern) ; an erect herb, annual, shining, simple or
nearly so, subglabrous, 23-5 in. high; stem rather slender, furrowed,
minutely glandular-pilose, leafy near the base; middle internodes
exceeding the leaves ; leaves opposite, lanceolate or the basal oval,
obtuse at the apex, somewhat narrowed at the base, sessile or sub-
sessile or the basal almost petiolate, denticulate-repand, membranous,
minutely glandular-papillose, 3-1 in. long, }—% in. broad; racemes
terminal, few- or several-flowered, rather lax, corymbose or rounded,
1-1} in. long; bracts.alternate, ovate or lanceolate, obtuse, entire,
sz in. long; pedieels ranging up to } in. long; flowers about { in.
long ; calyx-segments linear-oval, pilose, 375 in. long ; upper corolla-
lip purplish, 4 in, Jong, lobes oblong, 2 in. long; lower lip purple,
+ in. long, convex, broad, bigibbous, emarginate ; gibbosities yellow ;
palate shortly bearded; spur conical, obtuse, } in. long, yellow ;
young capsule excised at the apex, ova], unequally rounded at the
, + in. long, + in. broad.
Western Recion : Little Bushmansland; at Keuzabies, Maw Schlechter, 81!
26. N. anisocarpa (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 19); an setlg or ascending herb, annual, glabrous below,
1&6 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [ Nemesia,
pilose above, shining, simple or more or less branched from the base,
3_]1 ft. high ; stem and branches quadrangular, smooth or nearly
so, stiff, rather slender; upper internodes exceeding the leaves;
leaves opposite, ovate or lanceolate, or the uppermost sublinear,
obtuse or rounded at the apex, rounded or very obtuse at the sessile
or subsessile base or the lower petiolate, denticulate or subentire,
1-2 in. long, ;},—}in. broad ; petioles of the lower leaves ranging up
to 1 in. long; racemes terminal, oblong or subcorymbose, several- or
many-flowered, 2-8 in. long ; bracts alternate, smaller than the
leaves ; pedicels inserted in the axils of the bracts, ranging up to
about 1 in. long ; calyx-segments lanceolate-linear or linear, puberu-
lous, ciliolate, obtuse, 11 in. long ; corolla varying in colour, yellow,
red and white ; uppermost lobes oblong, obtuse, 1-1 in. long, }—} in.
broad, longer than the broad and emarginate lower lip ; palate thinly
bearded ; spur straight, conical, 1 in. long; eapsule ovoid-oblong,
oblique and unequally narrowed at the base, 1-8 in. long, 1} in.
broad ; valves somewhat contracted at the top, inner curved parts
of the upper edges meeting at an obtuse angle, the outer parts shortly
apiculate, points diverging. Benth.in DC. Prodr.x.261. Nemesia,
Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 225, note.
Sourn AFrica : without locality, Auge (Nelson)! Herb. Burmann!
CentTRaL Recion: Ceres Div.; at Yuk Kiver or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1248!
Western ReGion: Little Namaqualand; in rocky places at Silver Fontein,
2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7145! 7883! near Ookiep, 3200 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm.
Aust.-Afr., 651! and without precise locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5721!
Vanthynsdorp Diy. ; Varsch River, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8098! on hills near
Mierenkasteel, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3148!
Katanari ReGion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6006!
27. N. gracilis (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 20); an
erect herb, slender, annual, simple or sparingly branched above,
thinly pubescent or subglabrous, 44-18 in. high; stem tetragonous,
furrowed, striate; internodes mostly exceeding the leaves; leaves
opposite or the upper alternate, rather few, ovate-oblong, spathulate
or sublinear, denticulate, sessile or the lowest almost petiolate, obtuse —
at the apex, narrowed or scarcely so at the base, 3-1 in. long,
3o—s in. broad; racemes terminal, several- or many-flowered, dense
at the apex, lax below, 1-8 in. long or those of the lower branches
shorter; bracts alternate, lanceolate or sublinear, small; pedicels
very slender, ranging up to 2 in. long; calyx-segments ovate-oblong,
obtuse, 5-75 in. long ; corolla about 4 in. long; lips about 4-4 in.
long, streaked ; lobes of the upper lip oval-oblong, 3;—;5 in. long;
lower lip rounded; palate bearded ; spur linear-oblong, blunt, —
vz~« in. long ; capsules broadly obovate, obcordate, broadly notched
and 2-horned at the apex, narrowed at the base, ;4—1 in. long,
$-i in. broad at the apex. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 162,
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; by the Olifants River and near Brak
Fontein, Ecklon, 33! in stony places near Olifants River, 500 ft., Schlechter,
4989! Vogel Fontein, Schlechter, 8511! on hills behind Piquiniers Kloof,
q
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACESE (Hiern). 187
700 ft., Schlechter, 10749! Swellendam Div. ; mountain ridges along the lower
part of Zonder Hinde River, Zeyher, 3482!
Distinguished with difficulty from WN. parviflora, Benth., by the shape of the
fruit.
28. N. bicornis (Pers. Syn. ii. 159); an erect or ascending
herb, annual, sparingly pubescent or nearly glabrous at least below,
shining, simple or branched from the base or upwards, 4-2 ff.
high; stem and branches quadrangular, smooth; upper internodes
of the flowering stems and branches exceeding the leaves ; leaves
mostly opposite, sometimes fasciculate-verticillate, oval, ovate, lan-
ceolate or sublinear, obtuse at the apex, obtuse at the subamplexi-
caul sessile base or the lower obtusely narrowed and shortly petiolate,
toothed, often strongly so, glabrous or somewhat pilose, 1—2 in. long,
qo—1 in. broad ; petioles short or obsolete or ranging up to+in. long;
racemes terminating the stem and branches, subcorymbose or
elongated, many-flowered, 1-14 in. long; bracts alternate, mostly
smaller than the leaves ; pedicels slender, mostly pubescent or pilose
and 4-1 in. long; flowers white and striped with coloured lines
outside; calyx-segments oblong or narrowly ovate-oval, obtuse,
puberulous, more or less spreading, ;,—} in. long in flower, {—1 in.
long in fruit; upper corolla-lobes ovate-oblong or oval-oblong,
rounded at the apex, +—1 in. long, ;1,—4 in. broad ; lower lip rounded,
bifid, 1-1 in, long; palate bearded, bicallose ; spur linear, obtuse,
straight, 1-1 in. long; filaments white; anthers yellow; capsule —
obcordate, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, with diverging
points or short horns at the outer sides of the curved tops of the
valves, 1-8 in. long and broad. Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 20; and in DC. Prodr. x. 262; not of Sieb. Antirrhanum bicorne,
Linn. Ameen. Acad. vi. 88; Thunb. Hort. Upsal. Plant. cult. 1803,
34, Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 482. A, capense,
Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16; not of Thunb. WN. versicolor, Drege
tn Linnea xx. 197, not of E. Meyer. WN. biennis, Drege, Zwei Pflan-
zengeogr, Documente, 107.—Linaria folits copiosis oblongis dentatis,
capsula corniculata reflera, Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 211, t. 75, fig. 3
(1738). Linaria Dracocephali folio, Petiv. Mus. Pet. 40, n, 430
(31 Aug. 1699) ; Herb. Petiver. in Herb. Sloan. vol. eclvi. fol.
63.
Sovran Arrica: without locality, Masson! Herb. Burmann! Grey! Pappe!
Forster ! :
Coast Recron : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; on sand-hills at Ebenezar, below 500 ft.,
Drége, 3142¢! Wind Hoek, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8335! Clanwilliam Div. ;
between Jakhals River and Heerelogement, Drége, 3815! Malmesbury sider}
Zwartland, Thunberg! Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Zeyher, 1272! fee 3722!
sand-flats between Tyger Berg and Biue Berg, below 500 er Drége! Camp
ground, Wolley Dod, 152! near Diep River, Wolley Dod, 1108! near and beyond
Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 153! 424! Schlechter, 1194! near Cape Town and
between it and the Drakensteen Mountains, Thunberg !
This is a variable species and difficult to distinguish from its allies; there are
twelve sheets so classed in Thunberg’s herbarium.
ii
188 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Nemes
29. N. ligulata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag
ii. 20); an erect herb, annual, usually simple, slender, glabrous —
below, pilose above, shining, 8-12 in. high; stem obtusely quad-
rangular, smooth; upper internodes long, the lower shori; leaves
opposite, the lower obovate, rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped at
the shortly petiolate base, subentire or denticulate, 3-3 in. long,
11 jin. broad, the upper smaller, sublinear and sessile ; racemes
subcorymbose, several-tlowered, 1—2 in. long; bracts mostly alternate,
sublinear, entire, ;4,—1 in. long; pedicels inserted in the axils of the
bracts, pilose, the lower ranging up to 2 in. long, the upper shorter;
calyx-segments linear-oval, obtuse, puberulous, ;4,-1 in. long in
flower, ranging up to $ in. long in fruit; four upper corolla-lobes
oblong, obtuse, 1-1 in. long; lower lip about as long as the upper,
41 in. long; palate slightly bearded; spur subfalcate, thickened at
the free end, 1-1 in, long; capsules 2-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad,
unequally rounded at the base, broadly notched at the apex; valves
curved at the apex, obtusely pointed at the outer side. Benth. im —
DC. Prodr. x. 261.
Western Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; on karroo-like hills near Holle River,
below 1000 ft., Drege, 3146c! Little Namaqualand ; without precise locality,
M. J. R.M. in Heb. Bolus, 6488 partly !
Excepting the dilatation at the tip of the corolla-spur, the characters scarcely
differ from those of N. versicolor, EB, Meyer, so far as specimens show in the
herbarium ; there is a mixture of the two species under Bolus, 6438.
80. N. cynanchifolia (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 21);
an ascending or diffuse herb, annual, profusely branched, pallid,
6-24 in. high; stem and branches tetragonous, shortly pilose or
nearly glabrous, leafy ; leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate,
obtuse at the apex, nearly rounded at the base, sinuate-dentate or
remotely denticulate, spreading, petiolate, 1-12 in. long, 31,-2 in.
broad ; petioles ranging up to 2 or 3 in. long for the lower pairs of
leaves, those of the upper pairs gradually shorter, all the leaves more —
or less petiolate ; racemes terminal, many- or several-flowered, sub- _
corymbose or oblong, usually dense, very blunt, often umbellate-
_ corymbose at the top, 1-6 in. long ; bracts alteraate, subopposite or —
crowded, sessile, smaller than the leaves; pedicels slender, 1-11 in.
long, pilose, the hairs short, slender and tipped with minute glands ;
calyx-segments ovate-linear or suboval, subobtuse at the apex,
puberulous, yz-y in. long; corolla lilac-blue or purple; upper lip
-about {~§ in. long, unequally 4-lobed ; lobes oblong and rounded at
the apex; lower lip about 1-1 in. long, rounded, emarginate ;
palate puberulous or shortly bearded; spur cylindrical, narrow,
obtuse, nearly straight, 11 in. long;. capsules broadly oblong,
scarcely or but little narrowed near the apex, unequal and slightly
narrowed towards the base, 2-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; valves
_ glabrous, subtruneate at the apex, not or scarcely horned. Benth. mn
DC. Prodr. x. 262; Mastersin Gard. Chron. 1879, xii. 136, fig. 22,
and 1892, xii. 276, fig. 47. | *
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 189
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Krebs, 287 (ew Presl.).
Coast Reaion: Worcester Div.; Hex River Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drave,
7880c ! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, 4000-50U0 ft., Drége, 7880b !
Centrat Reaion: Somerset Div. ; on a plain at the foot of Bosch Berg,
2309 ft., MacOwan, 796 partly ! Graaff Reinet Div.; in rocky places on the
Sneeuwberg Range, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 78800! Karoo-like plain at Kruid
Fontein, near Graaff Reinet, 2700 ft., Bolus, 769! Murraysburg Diy.; in moun-
tain valleys at Poortje, near Murraysburg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 2056!
KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; on the Hooge Veld at Standerton, Reh-
mann, 6786!
Kastern Raton: Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, 4000 ft., Baur, 542! East
Griquuland ; mountain-sides about Clydesdale, 3000 ft., Tyson, 3156! Natal ;
Inanda, Wood, 144! in shady places near Durban, 120 tt., Wood, 40! and
without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders !
31. N. petiolina (Hiern) ; an erect or ascending herb, apparently
annual, shortly pubescent or glandular-pilose at least towards the
apex, shining, divaricately branched from the base upwards, about
1-1} ft. high ; stem and branches tetragonous, slender, furrowed or
striate ; glands minute; several internodes longer than the leaves,
the upper shorter; leaves opposite, ovate or lanceolate, acute or
obtuse and minutely apiculate, shortly narrowed or subobtuse or sub-
truncate at the base, submembranous, glabrous or more or less pilose,
sparingly glandular, strongly serrate-dentate, petiolate, 3-1 in. long,
sometimes a little oblique, 4-3 in. broad; petioles ranging up to
$ or } in. long, glabrous or glandular-pilose; racemes terminal,
many- or few-flowered, lax or rather dense, bracteate or leafy,
1-12 in. long, glandular-pilose; bracts alternate or the lower
Opposite, lanceolate or subulate, acute, glandular-pilose, entire or
few-toothed, sessile or subsessile, 1—1 in. long, the lower leaf-like ;
pedicels or peduncles rather slender, spreading or ascending, bracteate
or leafy oniy at the base, }—} in. long; ealyx-segments lanceolate or
sublinear, acute or subacute, entire, glandular-pilose, 1-1 in. long;
corolla white, about 3—§ in. long, minutely glandular-puberulent out-
side, thinly membranous; lips about }-} in. long; lobes of the
upper lip oval or shortly oblong, rounded at the apex, }-} in. long,
lower lip about 1 in. broad; spur conical, together with the tube
¢- in. long, blunt; palate shortly glandular-bearded; capsule
oblong, subtruncate or very broadly excised at the apex, unequal and
nearly rounded at the base, 3—} in. long, }—} in. broad, slightly
narrowed below the apex, not or somewhat horned at the apex.
Nemesia, Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 841 note, 544 note,
Cenrrat Reorton; Ceres Div.; in shady rocky places at the foot of the
Skurfdebergen near Ceres, 1700 ft., Bolus, 7338! b A
Katanart Region: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, at
the Kloof Village, Burchell, 1668! 2064!
32. N. platysepala (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 473) ; an erect
herb, glabrous, 4-7 in. high, glauceseent, annual; leaves ovate,
Somewhat acuta or obtuse at the apex, serrate or cuneate-dentate,
shortly petiolaze or subsessile, 1-1 in. long, }-} in. broad, opposite or
the floral alternate, successively smaller and subamplexicaul ; racemes
190 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Nemesia,
terminal, few- or several-flowered ; pedicels 3-3 in. long; ealyx-
segments broadly ovate or oval, rounded or obtuse at the apex, green
and very narrowly bordered with white, 5-7 in. long, yj-9 I.
broad ; upper corolla-lobes oval, emarginate, }—} in. long, §—% In.
broad ; lower lip deeply bilobed, 3 in. long, % in. broad; palate
nearly glabrous, bicallose; spur very broad, conical, somewhat
pointed, 1—2 in, long, 1-4 in. broad.
Centrat Recion: Calvinia Div.; around Hantam, Meyer; among hills at
Pupel Fontein, 2200 ft., Schlechter, 10899 !
33. N. calcarata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 20); an erect herb, annual, glabrous below, puberulous above,
shining, simple or sparingly branched at the base, about 6 in. high;
stem and branches quadrangular ; upper internodes much exceeding
the leaves, the basal short ; leaves opposite, oval or lanceolate or the
upper sublinear, obtuse or rounded at the apex, narrowed to the
sessile or subsessile base, toothed or subentire, 1-1 in. long, go-g I.
broad; racemes subcorymbose, few-flowered, 1—3 in. long; bracts
alternate, broadly linear, obtuse, ;4,-} in. long, puberulous; pedicels
in the axils of the bracts, the lower at length ranging up to § I.
long; calyx-segments narrowly oval, rounded at the apex, slightly
glandular-puberulous, about 3; in. long in flower and + in. long m
fruit; upper corolla-lobes broadly obovate-ob'ong, rounded at the
apex, about 1 in. long and + in. broad ; lower lip subrotund, nearly
% in. long, $ in. broad; palate bearded; spur nearly } in. long,
conical-prolonged, nearly straight, narrowed at the apex, obtuse;
capsule (not quite mature) + in. long and broad, broad and emargl-
nate at the apex, with short spreading points at the sides near the
NY unequally rounded at the base. Benth. in DC. Prodr. X.
Ls
Coast Rearon: Ceres Div. ; on mountain slopes and stony hills between Hex
River and the Draai, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 628! Worcester Div.; Hex River
Valley, 1600 ft., Tyson, 686! Wolley Dod, 4004!
34. N. pinnata (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 20) ; an erect or ascending herb, annual, glabrous below, slightly
puberulous above, shining, slender, simple or branched from the
base, 3-15 in. high; stem and branches quadrangular, smooth or
nearly so; upper internodes long; leaves opposite, linear or
oblong, the linear subentire, the oblong dentate or pinnatipartite
with linear or small segments, obtuse, sessile or the lower almost
petiolate, {-% in. long, 2-3 in. broad; racemes terminating the
stem and branches, oblong or short, blunt, 1-6 in. long, several-
flowered ; braets alternate, small, entire ; common peduncles ranging —
up to 4 in. long; pedicels inserted in the axils of the bracts, }—} in.
Jong, slender; calyx-segments linear-oblong or linear, 3;—s i+
long, obtuse ; corolla + in. long, golden or pale yeliow, or nearly —
white ; upper lip very short; lobes rounded; spur straight, narrowly —
conical, obtuse, 74; in. long, longer than the upper lip, shorter
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 191
than the lower; capsule campanulate, compressed, 1 in. long and
broad, nearly equal at the base ; valves 2, obliquely truncate at the
apex along curved lines which make an obtuse angle with each
other and terminate on the outer sides in short diverging points.
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 262. <Antirrhinum pinnatum, Linn. f.
Suppl. 280; Thunb. Prodr. 105. Orontium pinnatum, Pers. Syn.
li, 159.
SourH Arrica: without locality, Oldenburgh, 370! Forbes! Thunberg!
Ecklon, 356! Wright, 603! 604! Harvey !
Coast REGIoN: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Pappe! Cape Flats, Zeyher,
1267! Flats near Wynberg, Drége, 354! slopes above Fernwood, Wolley Dod,
149! Flat near Rondebosch, Wolley Dod, 148! Bolus, 2871! Camp ground,
Wolley Dod, 150! near Kenilworth, 100 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 648!
sandy places near Cape Town, Bolus, 2871! north slopes of Slang Kop, Wolley
Dod, 3021! stream beyond Pauls Berg, Wolley Dod, 2366!
It is partial to damp sandy places, and on the Cape peninsula reaches 2000 ft.
(Wolley Dod).
35. N. coerulea (Hiern) ; a nearly glabrous or somewhat pilose
herb, ereet, perennial, rigid, much branched near the base, leafy
below, shining, pale green, 1-2 ft. high, hard or somewhat woody at
the base ; brauches ereet or promptly ascending, tetragonous, furrowed
or striate ; upper internodes longer than the leaves ; leaves opposite,
ovate, obtuse at the apex or nearly so, nearly rounded or somewhat
narrowed at the sessile or subsessile 5-nerved subdecurrent base,
denticulate, 3-1 in. long, 1-} in. broad ; teeth thickened or callous
on the margin, rather small; racemes oblong or subcorymbose,
several- or many-flowered, rather compact or dense, 1-6 in. long,
bracteate ; bracts narrowly lanceolate or sublinear, alternate, opposite
or quasi-fasciculate, smaller than the leaves ; pedicels axillary to the
bracts, rigid, rather slender, }—Z in. long, pilose; flowers blue;
calyx-segments narrowly ovate-oval or -oblong or ‘sublinear, 3-1 in.
long, veined, pilose; upper corolla-lip about % in. long; lobes 4,
rounded, about ;1; in. long and broad ; lower lip subhemispherical,
about 1 in, in diam.; spur conical, obtuse, ;—;'s in. long; capsule
roundly ovate or oblong, emarginate at the apex, unequally rounded
at the base, 1-1 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, not or slightly narrowed
below the apex, not horned, outer angles of the top of the valves
rounded or bluntly pointed ; seeds winged, about +1; in. long and
broad,
Eastern Re@ion: Griqualand Hast; near Kokstad, Wood, 4196! Natal,
Gerrard, 371!
36. N. anfracta (Hiern); a diffuse herb, perhaps perennial,
glabrous or nearly so, shining; stem compressedly quadrangular,
with the narrower sides furrowed, 11 ft. long or more; branches
divaricate, opposite, rather slender, wiry ; internodes mostly shorter
than the leaves; branchlets more or less flexuous, usually zigzag at
the inflorescence; leaves opposite, spreading, lanceolate, acute or
apiculate at the apex, broad or not much narrowed at the semi-
192 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
amplexicaul or subdecurrent sessile base, sharply denticulate, 3} in.
Jong, 7-2 in. broad (lower leaves probably larger) ; racemes terminal,
simple or divarieately branched, corymbose or elongated, usually
zigzag, 1-6- in. long, bracteate ; bracts alternate or the lower some-
times opposite, lanceolate or subulate, acute, entire or somewhat
denticulate, smaller than the leaves, sessile; pedicels axillary to the
bracts, 12 in. long, slender, minutely puberulous, spreading or
ascending; calyx-segments lanceolate or sublinear, subacute, 3-5-
nerved, minutely glandular-puberulous, entire, ~,—} in. long;
‘corolla white, marked with violet lines outside, closed at the throat ;
upper lip 3 in. long, shortly 4-cleft, lobes rounded, ,'; in. long ;
lower lip about + in. long, pubescent inside about the base; spur
narrow, straight, 3, in. long; capsule semi-ellipsoid, unequal and
slightly narrowed at the base, widened for a short distance towards
the slightly horned apex, 12 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, top lines of
the valves inclined at a very obtuse angle.
Coast Reeton: Culedon Div.; mountains of Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal,
Burchell, 7627 |
37. N. diffusa (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22); @
procumbent herb, hard and almost woody at the base, glossy,
glabrous or slightly puberulous above; rvot apparently perennial ;
stems much branched, diffusely rambling amidst shrubs, about 1-2 ft.
long, slender, wiry; branchlets compressedly quadrangular, leafy ;
leaves opposite, ovate or lanceolate, acute at the apex, rounded or
obtusely narrowed at the base, shortly petiolate or the upper sessile,
more or less serrate, 1-1 in. long, 5-2 in. broad ; racemes termi-
nating the stem and branches, lax, elongating, slender, often flexuous,
one- or few-flowered, bracteate, ranging up to 3 in. long; bracts”
alternate, sublinear, sessile, ,-32, in. long; pedicels slender, 1-3 in.
long ; calyx-segments lanceolate-linear, subacute, 3-nerved, ;',-} in.
long, minutely glandular-pilose ; corolla white and purple, lobes often
marked beneath with red lines; lips about equal, ;4,- in. long;
lobes short, oblong, rounded at the apex; spur straight, narrowly
cylindrical or conical-prolonged, obtuse, turning yellow, about 73-¢
in. long; palate pubescent; capsules semi-elliptical, searcely con-
tracted and broadly notched at the apex with the outer points diverg-
ing or suberect, unequal and nearly rounded or somewhat narrowed
at the base, glabrous, 1-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad. Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 263,
Var. B, rigida (Benth., UU. cc.) ; leaves and flowers rather larger than usual
in the type, but seurcely differing. 9
Coast ReGion: Worcester Div. ; Datoits Kloof, 3000-4500 ft., Drége, 78790!
Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 78795! Paarl, Schlechter,
176! Stellenbosch Div.; on mountains near French Hoek, Bolus, 8399! Lowrys
Pass, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 7289! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, near Caledon,
1000 ft., Galpin, 4359! Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, 400 ft., Schlechter, 7695!
Riversdale Div.; mountain swamps, between Little Vet River and Kampsche
Berg, Burchell, 6887! Var. 8: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Moun- —
>
tains, on the western side, Zeyher, 3487! Caledon Div.; Palmiet River, Ecklon!
Ecklon §° Zeyher, 1671
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By VARIOUS BOTANISTS.
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Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 193
38. N. divergens (Benth. in Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22); a glabrous
erect herb, shining, perennial, about 2 ft. high, rigid, much branched
near the hard or somewhat woody base, sparingly branched above ;
branches erect or ascending, wiry, rigid, often broom-like ; internodes
mostly exceeding or nearly equalling the leaves; leaves opposite,
linear-lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse at the apex, wedge-shaped to
the sessile or subsessile subdecurrent base, entire or denticulate,
rigid, 3-1 in. long, 3,—1 in. broad ; racemes terminal, oblong, many-
flowered, rather dense, 3-6 in. long, bracteate; bracts alternate,
lanceolate or sublinear, smaller than the leaves ;_ pedicels axillary to
the bracts, erect-patent or ascending, 1-2 in. long, rather slender,
rigid; flowers about 3 in. in their greatest length; calyx-segments
qz-t in. long, linear-oval, obtuse, glabrous or minutely sessile-
glandular ; upper corolla-lip 2 in. long; lobes oblong, rounded at
the apex, } in. long; lower lip nearly equal to or rather shorter than
the upper; palate shortly bearded; spur conieal-prolonged, $-$ in.
long, straight or nearly so; capsules semi-elliptic or oblong, sub-
truncate and emarginate at the apex, unequally rounded at the base,
3-} in. long, 4-1 in. broad, not or slightly 2-horned at the apex.
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 263; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833; O.
Coast Region: Cape Div.; near Capetown, Ecklon, 144! Knysna Div. ;
on hills near Knysna River, Krauss, 1614! Stockenstrom Div.; Katberg, Shaw !
Alexandria Div.; Zwart Hoogte, 2500 ft., Ecklon ¥ Zeyher, 1201! :
Centrat Reagion: Cradock Div.; Cradock, Kuntze. Hopetown Div. ?
_ journey from Colesberg to Hopetown, Shaw ! j : F :
Wesrekn Rxcion: Great Namaqualand? without precise locality, Schinz,
9!
‘Karanarr Region: Orange River Colony ; Caledon River, Zeyher, 1263! and
without precise locality, Zeyher, 1199!
EastexN Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 107!
Perhaps only a variety of N. fetens, Vent.
39. N. foetens (Vent. Jard. Malmais. 41, t. 41); a decumbent
or ascending undershrub or suffruticose herb, perennial, much
branched, shrubby and usually tufted at the base, herbaceous
above, glabrous or nearly so, 4—24 in. high ; bark cracking, grey-ashy ;
smell disagreeable ; branches tetragonous, furrowed, leafy, brownish
below, dull green above ; axillary shoots often very short and but little
developed ; leaves opposite, sometimes quasi fasciculate-verticillate,
usually linear or lanceolate, obtuse or pointed at the apex, somewhat
narrowed or obtuse at the base, sessile or subsessile or the lower
Shortly petiolate, entire or dentate, }-l} in. long, 34,-2 in. broad,
Spreading ; internodes mostly about equalling the leaves ; racemes
terminal, several- or many-flowered, subcorym bose or oblong, 4-9 in.
long, elongating; bracts alternate, entire, sessile, smaller than the
leaves ; pedicels inserted in the axils of the bracts or fageisted in a
Subverticillate manner, more or less glandular-pilose, i in. long ;
calyx-segments narrowly oval or linear, obtuse, yo-} in. long,
pubernlous or subglabrous; corolla pink, biue, lavender or white
VOL. IV.—sEcT. II. 0
194 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). | Nemesia,
with yellow crest; upper lip about 4 in. long; lobes oblong,
rounded at the apex, about half as long as the upper lip ; lower lip
about as long as the upper; throat yellow ; spur yellow, cylindrieal,
obtuse, straight or slightly curved, 1—! in. long; palate closed with
two protuberances, bearded ; capsules oblong or ovoid, }—3 in. long,
2_1 in. broad, somewhat contracted or scarcely so about the apex,
unequally rounded or obtuse at the base; valves rounded or sub-
truncate at the apex, usually not horned, glabrous or viscid-puberulous.
Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 80; Duvau in Ann. Sc. Nat. 1 sér. viii. 180,
t. 27, fig. 6; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22. Antirrhinum
capense, Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 481; not of
Burm.f. A. fruticans, Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 483.
N. linearis, Vent. Jard. Malmais. sub n. 41 ; Benth, in Hook, Comp.
Bot. Mag. ii. 21, and in DC. Prodr. x. 263. Linaria fruticans,
Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 789. L. capensis, Spreng. l.c. ii. 796. N.
Thunbergii, @. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 534, N. natalitia, Sonder in
Linnea, xxiii. 82 (“ palato glabro”). N. capensis, O. Kuntze, Rev.
Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 237, N. fruticans, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
ii. 22, and in DC. Prodr. x. 263, Nemesia, Burchell, Trav. 8.
Afr. i. 318 note.
Var. 8, latifolia (Hiern) ; leaves mostly lanceolate, more strongly toothed
than in the type; flowers white or with a tinge of mauve, crest yellow or flowers
yellow. N. linearis, B. latifolia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 263.
Souta Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! var. B: Robinson! Zeyher,
1266! Harvey, 139! teas
Coast Reeton: Humansdorp Div. ; hill-side at Humansdorp, 400 ft.,
Galpin, 4357! Uniondale Div., Long Kloof, near Ongelegen, Bolus, 2408!
Uitenhage Div.; in stony places near Uitenhage, 250 ft., Schlechter, 2540! and
without precise locality, Zeyher, 189! Albany Div. ; Sidbury, Burke! Bedford
Div. ; near the Fish River, Burke! King Williamstown Div. ; mountains near
Buffalo River, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 734! Mount Coke, 2000 ft., Sim, 1426!
Queenstown Diy.; Klipplaats River, Ecklon! Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 768!
Queenstown plains, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1554! Var. 8: Cape Div.; North Hoek
forest, Milne, 197! East London Div. ; on grassy slopes by the coast, near East
London, 50 ft., Galpin, 3326! 3929! Eastern districts, Cooper, 214!
Central Recion: Prince Albert Div.; Kendo (Kandos Mountain), 3000-
4000 ft., Drége, 897b! Div.? at Klip Drift, in the Great Karroo, Schlechter,
2247! Somerset Div. ; banks of the Little Fish River, near Somerset, MacOwam,
1634! Graaff Reinet Div, ; bills near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 68! Snowy
mountains, Burke, 5386! Murraysburg Div. ; banks of streams near Murraysburg,
4000 ft., Tyson, 280! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains near Beaufort
West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége, 897a! Sutherland Div.; at the Great Riet River,
Burchell, 1371! Fraserburg Div.; near Fraserburg, 4200 ft., Bolus, 7892!
Aliwal North Div.; Aliwal Nirth, Kuntze. Albert Div.; Burghersdorp,
Kuntze. Prieska Div.; by the Orange River, Burchell, 1638! Var. B: Albert
Div., Cooper, 1784! ;
‘Katanart Racion: Griqualand West; Modder River, Kuntze. Orange
River Colony ; by the Vaal River, Burke! Besters Vlei, 5300 ft., Bolus, 8224!
8225! near Bethulie, 4000 ft., Flanagan, 1504! Basutoland ; Mont-aux-Sources,
7000-8000 ft., Flanagan, 2083! Transvaal; Heidelberg, Vandeleur/ near
Pretoria, Kirk! MeLea, 83! Rehmann, 4265! Elands River, Lydenburg, elson,
140! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1064! Menaars Farm, on the Boshveld, Rehmann,
4877! Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb.
Galpin, 6157! Umlomati Valley, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1091! Elands
Fontein, Barret-Hamilton ! Johannesburg, Rand, 721! 880! Maquasi Hills,
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). 195.
Nelson, 232! Var. 8: Orange River Colony ; without precise locality, Cooper,
717! Transvaal; Rhenoster Kop, Burke! and Klein Olifauts River, 5000 ft.,
Schiechter, 3798!
EasTERN ReGion: Tembuland ; between Nquamakwe and Engcobo, 3600 ft.,
Bolus, 8755! Natal; South Downs, Weenen county, 4000-5000 ft., Wood,
4374! near Durban, @Guweinzius, 514! Cooper, 2825! near the Tugela River,
4000 ft., Wood, 3622! Sundays River, Nelson, 2! and without precise
locality, Sanderson, 383! Var. 8B: Natal; Cathkin Peak, 8000~10000 ft.,
Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4876! near Durban, Grant! Peddie! Plant, 17!
Schlechter, 2928! between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2185! 30-60
miles from the sea, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland!
N. capensis, var. ecalcarata, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 237, with the
corolla pouched, and either acute or very shortly spurred at the base, is un-
known to me. It was collected by Kuntze at Beaufort West, in Beaufort West
Div.
40. N. melissefolia (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag, ii. 22) ;
an erect or ascending herb, robust or wiry, glabrous or nearly so,
shining, branched from the base, 4-21 ft. high ; root apparently
perennial ; branches opposite, smooth, tetragonous, furrowed, quite
glabrous or rarely somewhat pilose, moderately leafy and spreading
or erect-patent, ascending ; leaves opposite, ovate or sublanceolate,
acute or apiculate, more or less narrowed at the 5-nerved shortly
petiolate base, serrate or incise, dentate, 31-3 in. long, Pol in.
broad, membranous, glabrous; petioles ranging up to 1 in. long;
racemes terminal and axillary, more or less lax, many- or few-flowered
or sometimes reduced to a single axillary flower, weak or slender,
ranging up to 4 in. Jong; bracts small, mostly linear or subulate,
alternate or opposite or sometimes verticillate; pedicels inserted in -
the axils of the bracts, slender, spreading, ascending, }-3 in. long;
calyx-segments oval-linear, obtuse, ;,—} in. long, glabrous or nearly
So; corolla white or pink-white; lips about }—} in. long ; lobes of
the upper lip short, rounded; spur narrowly conical or conical-
prolonged, obtuse, slightly curved, 1-} in. long; capsules oblong,
subtruncate at the apex, unequal and rounded or scarcely narrowed
at the base, 3-1 in. long, 31 in. broad, glabrous ; valves with their
top lines inclined at a very obtuse angle towards each other, with the
outer points diverging and slightly or scarcely horned. Benth, in
DC. Prodr. x. 264; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834.
Coast Rueion: Knysna Div.; in marshes, Zitzikamma, Krauss, 1616!
Uitenhage Diy.; near Uitenhage, Zeyher, 3486! Alexandria Div.; on the bo
in Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3359! Zwart Hoogte, Ecklon. Albany Div. ;
Grahamstown, Bolton / Mrs. Barber, 495! Fort Beaufort Div. ; vicinity of Fort
B 000. 2000 ck ! eenstown Div.; forest on N’Zebamga
via dl = a Onets 1823! Stutterheim Div. ; near
peaiain: near Queenstown, 4500
ohne, Cooper, 185! i
rue Hicccu: Div. ? Karoo, Drége/ Somerset Div., Conper, 2824 !
Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Shaw! Philipstown Div.; Philipstown,
Ecklon. ‘ . :
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony ; without precise locality, Cooper,
2823!
Eastern Recron: Griqualand East ; Zourberg Range, Wood, «cgi aga
land; Faku’s territory, Sutherland! at the foot of Mount tier vase
Tyson, 1186! Natal ; WWovo River shee 2000 ft., Wood, 1861 ! add e,
0
196 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
4000 ft., Wood, 3939! Umzimkulu, Wood, 3039! Ismont, 2000 ft., Wood,
18661 Mooi River, 4000 ft., Wood, 4039! Schlechter, 6838! Alatikula Hill,
6000-7000 ft., Evans, 388! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1133!
41. N. acuminata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22); a
procumbent herb, glabrous, branched, 9 in. high or more, shining ;
root perhaps perennial; stem and branches tetragonous, furrowed ;
internodes about as long as the leaves ; leaves opposite, ovate or
lanceolate, acuminate or acute at the apex, subeordate or subtruncate
at the sessile 5-nerved base, sharply toothed or serrate, 1-1} in.
long, ~;—i in. broad; teeth rigid at the apex; flowers axillary;
floral leaves bract-like, gradually smaller towards the ends of the
stem and upper ascending or erect branchlets; peduncles slender,
3-1 in, long; calyx-segments lanceolate, acuminate or acute, about
4-1 in. long; corolla-lobes oblong, apparently about 1 in. long;
lower lip broad, rounded, entire, mucronulate at the apex, about } in.
in diam.; spur short, straight, cylindrical, obtuse, about }; in. long ;
palate thinly pubescent ; capsules semi-elliptic, dilated at the apex
into two lateral spreading-ascending acute horns, slightly unequal
and nearly rounded at the base, 1 in. long, or including the horns
% in. long, 4 in. broad or including the horns 1 in. broad; valves
glabrous, their apices inclined at a very obtuse angle or continuous in
nearly the same line at the point of contact, curving gently upwards
towards their outer corners at the horns. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x.
263. Antirrhinum scabridum, Herb, Banks. ex Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson !
42. N. chamedrifolia (Vent. Jard. Malmais. sub n. 41); an
erect or ascending herb, robust, much branched, glabrous, 7-24 in.
high, turning dusky in drying; root fibrous, annual; branches
Opposite, tetragonous, erect-patent, ascending; internodes usually
rather longer than the leaves; leaves opposite, or sometimes verti-
cillate in fours, ovate, more or less acute or apiculate at the apex,
subtruncate or shortly narrowed at the 5-nerved base, serrate, firmly
membranous, spreading or erect-patent, 1-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad,
subsessile or shortly petiolate ; flowers axillary to the upper leaves ;
peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, rather slender, 1-1 in. long, spreading, _
ascending; calyx-segments linear-elliptical, obtusely narrowed at
both ends, 3-2 in. long; corolla flesh-coloured ; lips }—} in. long;
lobes of the upper lip short and rounded ; palate not bearded ; spur
conical, rounded at the free end, small, about 3, in. long ; capsules
compressedly urceolate, subtruncate and emarginate at the apex
with the outer points diverging in little horns, unequal and rounded
at the base, 3-2 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, glabrous. N. chamedryfolia,
Benth. in Hook. Comp, Bot, Mag. ii. 22, and in DC. Prodr. x. 2645
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833. Antirrhinum macrocarpum, Att.
Hort. Kew. ed.1, ii. 335; Vahl, Symb. ii. 66 (macrocarpon). A-
scabrum, Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 483. Linaria
seabra, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 792.
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 197
Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg! Schumaker! Zeyher, 1264!
Nelson! Bolus, 2873! Harvey, 520" Sieber! and cultivated specimens !
Coast Revion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 1000-8000 ft., Ecklon, 556!
Drége, 7877c! Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 876! Krauss; Devils Mountain,
at the Waterfall, 1200 ft., Wolley Dod, 651! Bolus, 3303! Simons Bay,
Wright, 612! Cape plain, Schmieterloh, 179! Swellendam Div.; Voormans-
bosch, Zeyher, 3488! Swellendam, Lichtenstein.
N. chamedryfolia, var. natalensis, Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833,
without description, collected in grassy places about Durban Bay, Natal, by
Krauss, is unknown to me.
43. N. hanoverica (Hiern); adeeumbent herb, suffruticose below,
apparently perennial, much branched, pilose above, 9 in. high or
more ; branches wiry, diffuse, herbaceous above, slender, tetragonous,
furrowed, ascending; upper internodes shorter than the leaves,
middle ones longer ; leaves opposite, ovate or lanceolate, subobtuse
or acute at the apex, apiculate, shortly narrowed or wedge-shaped at
the base, membranous, sparingly pilose, serrate-dentate or denticu-
late or the upper floral subentire, 2-11 in. long, }—$ in. broad ;
petioles ranging up to 1 in. long; flowers axillary and in terminal
bracteate racemes; peduncle and pedicels slender, spreading or
ascending, shortly pilose, 1-1 in. long ; bracts alternate or opposite,
lanceolate, subentire, like the leaves but smaller ; calyx-segments
lanceolate or sublinear, acute, entire, shortly pilose, _about 5 in.
long ; corolla 2 in. long, apparently whitish, sparingly pilose outside,
thinly membranous ; upper lip 1 in. long; lobes short, rounded ;
lower lip nearly as long as the upper; spur conical, about { in. long,
} in. broad at the base, narrow at the free end; capsule oblong,
subtruncate at the apex, unequal and rounded at the base, slightly or
scarcely narrowed below the apex, not horned at the apex. '
Cenrrat Rxecion: Hanover Div.; rocky places near Hanover, 4500 ft.,
Bolus, 2007!
44, N. pubescens (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 22); an
erect or ascending herb, pubescent or more or less pilose, loosely
branched, a ft. high or more ; root apparently perennial (except the
variety) ; stem and branches tetragonous, furrowed and striate ;
internodes mostly rather longer than the leaves; leaves opposite or
the upper floral alternate, ovate, obtuse or apiculate or the floral
acute at the apex, broad near the base, membranous, thinly pubes-
cent or nearly glabrate, dentate-serrate, shortly petiolate, 1-2 in.
long, 2-12 in. broad, or the floral smaller; petioles ranging up to
x in. long; flowers axillary or the upper quasi-racemose, arranged in
terminal several- or few-flowered leafy and bracteate rather lax
racemes ; peduncles and pedicels 1-flowered, slender, inserted in the
axils of floral leaves and bracts, 3—% in. long, pilose or nearly
glabrous ; bracts alternate, together with the floral leaves gradually
smaller towards the top of the racemes; calyx-segments lanceolate
or sublinear, acute or subacute, pilose or subglabrous, shortly ciliolate,
vot in. long ; corolia-lips about 4 in. long or shorter ; spur conieal-
prolonged, obtuse, about 2 in. long or shorter; capsule broadly
198 SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). [ Nemesia.
ovate-oblong, truncate and emarginate at the apex, nearly glabrous,
slightly narrower towards the apex arid slightly or scarcely broader
again at the apex, somewhat unequal at the base, one side rounded,
the other slightly narrowed towards the base, }—} in. long, 7 In.
broad; valves with their outer top corners rounded or scarcely
horned. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 264.
Var. 8, glabrior (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 264, without description) ;
apparently annual, 6-12 in. high, comparatively glabrous; corolla-lips % in.
long ; spur 4, in. long; capsules rather more oblong.
Coast Recion: Uniondale Div.; hills by the Klip River near Keurbooms
River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7878! :
Cenraat Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; in sandy places on Cave Mountain,
near Graaff Reinet, 3900 ft., Bolus, 20074! Var. 8: Graaff Reinet Div.; on
stony and rocky mountain flats, near Graaff Reinet, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 78776!
Middelburg Div. ; Conway Farm, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 2998 !
Katanart ReGion: Var. 8: Orange River Colony; Thaba Unchu,
Burke!
45. N. albiflora (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 28); an
erect or ascending herb, 4-18 in. high, viscid-pubescent or woolly
with long pallid hairs, loosely branched from the base upwards;
root annual or perhaps perennial; stems and branches tetragonous,
sulcate and striate, leafy ; leaves opposite, ovate, obtuse or the upper
subacute, rounded at or near the base or the lower abruptly wedge-
shaped, pubescent or nearly glabrous, crenate-serrate or serrate-
dentate, membranous, 3-2 in. long, 3-12 in. broad, the upper sessile,
the lower shortly petiolate ; petioles ranging up to } in. long;
flowers axillary or the upper quasi-racemose, arranged in terminal
several- or few-flowered leafy and bracteate racemes; peduncles and
pedicels 1-flowered, slender, 1—2 in. long, axillary or bracteate at the
base; bracts gradually smaller than the leaves; calyx-segments
narrowly elliptical or sublinear, subacute or minutely apiculate,
vos in. long ; corolla white with a few violet veins; lips 4-3 in.
long ; upper corolla-lobes oblong, obtuse; spur 4—2 in. long, narrow,
obtuse, straight ; lower lip obovate, rounded ; palate glandular-
pubescent, with two protuberances; capsules ovate-oblong, very
broadly excised at the apex, not horned, unequal at the base, one side
rounded, the other slightly narrowed towards the base, 2—} in. long,
ox in. broad; seeds winged, ¥; in. long and broad.
Centrat Resion: Albert Div., Cooper, 623!
Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; in open spaces, near Bethlehem,
5300 ft., Bolus, 8226! at the foot of Mont-aux-Sources, near Blands River,
6300 ft., Flanagan, 2105!
EasTERN Recion: Natal; Mooi River, 4000 ft., Wood, 4073! in old caves by
the Bushmans River, on the Drakensberg, 6000-7000 ft., Evans, 68! and with-
out precise locality, Gerrard, 1230!
46. N. lanceolata (Hiern); a rigid h ial
gid herb, apparently perennial,
softly pubescent, much branched, a ft. high or more; branchlets
making a rather small angle with the branches, rather slender, wiry,
straight, moderately leafy, obscurely quadrangular, striate, opposite ;
ses ° @8—
Nemesia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 199
Jeaves opposite, lanceolate, acute at the apex, a little narrowed at the
usually 5-nerved sessile or subsessile base, firmly herbaceous, serrate-
toothed, 3-12 in. long, {5-2 in. broad, the upper bract-like; flowers
axillary, about 2 in. long, arranged in terminal leafy rather lax
racemes 3-6 in. long; peduncles }—2 in. long, firm, the upper
successively shorter; flowers about 3-2 in. long; calyx-segments
linear-lanceolate or sublinear, subobtuse, pubescent, 1-1 in. long in
flower, 4-1 in. long in fruit; upper corolla-lip 3-2 in. long; its
lobes oblong, 1-1 in. long; lower lip about 4 in. long, rounded,
6) 6 5 .
convex, umbonate; palate bearded ; spur conical-prolonged, obtuse,
about + in. long; capsule obovate-oblong, broadly notched at the
apex, not or scarcely contracted near the apex, unequally narrowed
towards the base, }—§ in. long, 4~-} in. broad; valves rounded at the
apex; seeds tuberculate, broadly winged, together with the wings
yy in. long and +; in. broad.
Western Rucion: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Steinkopf, Schlechter,
11479!
47. N. Flanagani (Hiern) ; an erect or suberect herb, apparently
perennial or perhaps annual, hard or almost woody at the base, rigid
and herbaceous above, pilose, about 14 ft. high, sparingly or
moderately branched ; branches opposite, ascending, tetragonous,
furrowed; middle internodes mostly longer than the leaves; leaves
opposite and ovate or the upper floral alternate and lanceolate, obtuse
or the upper subacute at the apex, subeordate or somewhat narrowed
at the many-nerved subsessile or sessile subdecurrent base, rather
firmly membranous, pilose, unequally and strongly serrulate-denticu-
late, 1-18 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; flowers axillary, about §—$ in.
long (including the spur), arranged in elongating terminal leafy and
bracteate racemes ; braets alternate, like the upper leaves but rather
smaller and denticulate or subentire; peduncles or pedicels j—$ in.
long, rather slender, pilose; calyx-segments sublinear, subobtuse or
scarcely acute, pilose, 1-1 in. long; upper corolla-lip {—5 in. long ;
lobes oblong, ;1,—;1; in. long, rounded at the apex; lower lip about
as long as the upper, roundly obovate ; palate papillose-pilose ; spur
about 1-1 in. long, linear from a conical base, obtuse and emarginate
at the tip, straight; capsules oblong, slightly ovoid, a little contracted
below the slightly horned broadly excised apex, obliquely rounded
at the base, 3-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad; seeds winged, about ;’ in.
long and broad or somewhat broader including the wings.
j CentRaL Region: Albert Div.; Broughton, near Molteno, Flanagan,
617!
Eastegn Region: Natal; Highlands, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6847!
Imperfeetly known Species.
48. N. patens (G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 534); stem subherbaceous,
tetragonous, glabrous, somewhat erect, branched, 1 ft. and more high ;
tranches opposite, divaricate ; leaves opposite, lanceolate, acute at
200 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Nemesia,
the apex, subsessile, entire or obscurely denticulate, glabrous, patent
reflexed, unequal, 1-1} in. long; flowers solitary, subterminal ;
peduncles slender. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 264. Antirrhinum
patens, Thunb. Predr. 105, and Fl. Cap, ed. Schult. 482. Linaria
patens, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 793.
Soutu AFrica: without locality, Thunberg !
Thunbverg’s type consists of a very poor specimen. which somewhat resembles
a narrow-leaved form of N. fetens, Vent., or N. diffusa, Benth.
X. DICLIS, Benth.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite; segments scareely imbricate, per-
sistent, somewhat or scarcely acerescent in fruit. Corolla mem-
branous; tube short, produced at the base into a dependent spur,
limb bilabiate; posterior lip bilobed ; anterior lip trifid. Stamens
4, didynamous; filaments short, the anterior longer than the posterior,
bent round at the base ; anthers rounded, by confluence 1-celled, all
together or by pairs connivent about the stigma. Style minutely
stigmatose at the small capitate apex, short ; ovary 2-celled ; ovules
numerous. Capsule subglobose or subquadrate, emarginate at the
apex, not much compressed, loculicidal; valves furrowed down the
middle and at length bipartite, exposing the placentiferous column.
Seeds irregularly oblong-ovoid, bluntly angular, transverse ; testa
tight.
Small prostrate or rarely erect herbs, annual or perennial; leaves opposite or
the upper alternate; flowers axillary, ebracteolate.
Distris. Species 7, some in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Flowers axillary ; stems prostrate; petioles ranging up
to about 1 in. long:
Perennial or annual; leaves all opposite, subreni-
form or subtruncate at the base ... his .. (1) reptans.
Annual; leaves opposite and alternate, wedge- :
shaped or shortly narrowed at the base... .... (2) petiolaris.
Flowers racemose; stems ascending or suberect ;
petioles short;
Annual, very slender; leaves thinly membranous (3) stellarioides.
Perennial; stems wiry; leaves firmly herbaceous (4) umbonata.
1. D. reptans (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 23);
diffuse herb, more or less pubescent or nearly glabrous, apparently
perennial or sometimes annual, 6-18 in. long or more, branched at
the crown of the root; stems and branches slender, tenacious,
tetragonous, creeping or prostrate, often throwing out adventitious
roots at the nodes, Jeafy, ascending towards the flowering extremities
leaves all opposite, subrotund or broadly ovate, rounded or obtuse at
the apex, subreniform or subtruncate at the base, thin, dentate or
denticulate or entire, 1-11 in. long, 4-11 in. broad ; petioles ranging
up to 1 in. long or more; flowers axillary, 2-7, in. long, white oF
whitish or orange and white ; peduncles slender, 3-2} in. long;
reflexed in fruit; calyx-segments spreading, ovate or sublanceolate oF
Diclis. ] SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern), 201
oval, hairy, concave, 34-5 in. long, obtuse or apiculate; corolla
more or less minutely glandular-puberulous; the upper lip very
short, acutely bifid, marked with red lines which meet towuds the
apex ; lower lip 4-1 in. long, with 3 rounded lobes, middle lobe
larger than the lateral; throat nearly closed; spur curved down-
wards, §-} in. long; capsule depressedly globose, bisulcate, 54, in.
long, } in. broad ; style jy in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 265 ;
Rolfe in Oates, Matabele Land, ed. 2, Appendix, 405.
a, serratodentata, O. Ktze. Natal; Reenens Pass. ;
8. subedentata, O. Ktze.; leaves crenate or quite entire, rather pilose. Natal ;
Highland station.
Sours Arrica: without locality, Mrs. Barber ! :
Coast Recion: George Div.; in wet places near George, 800-4000 ft.,
Burchell, 6041! Bolus! Schlechter, 2354! Knysna Div.; near Hartebeest Flats,
Burchell, 5252! wet places at Vlugt, Bolus, 2409! Alexandria Div.; Zuur Berg,
Cooper, 2882! Bathurst Div.; between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell,
4052! Albany Div.; by a stream at Glenfilling, below 1000 ft., Drege!
and without precise locality, Williamson! Fort Beaufort Div.; source of
Mokassa River, 3000-4000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher, 180! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat
Berg, in the Elands Berg range, 3000-4000 ft., Drege! Komgha Div.;
near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1198! Kaffraria, Bowker! Cooper, 127!
302!
Centrat Reeion : Cradock Div., without precise locality, Cooper, 1310! y
Katawarrt Reqion: Orange River Colony; in rocky places at Besters Vlei,
5500 ft., Bolus, 8223! and without precise locality, Cooper, 838! Transvaal ;
Spitzberg, Lydenberg District, Wilms, 1099! at the Vaal River, by Kloetes
Farm, Wilms, 1098! between Pietermaritzburg and the Crocodile River,
Oates ! : ;
Eastern Reeion: Transkei Div. ; near Gekau (Gcua) River, Drége, 48486 !
near Bashe River, 1000-2000 ft., Drege, 3615a! Tembuland Div.; at Morley,
1€09-2000 ft., Drége; Buzeia Mountain, 2500 ft., Bawr, 29! Pondoland Div.;
between St. John’s River and Umtsikaba River, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3615c!
Griqualand East; near Kokstad, 4500 ft., and by a wood at Enyembe, 6000 ie
Tyson, 1171! Natal; lnanda, Wood, 117! Mount Edgecombe, Wood, 1123!
hear Estcourt, 3500 ft., Wood, 3580! near Ingele Mountain, Wood, 1992 !
between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 2182a! 2184! between Pieter-
maritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2182! 2183! Pietermaritzburg, —
3000 ft., Sutherland ! Sanderson, 79! Attercliffe, Sanderson, 391! 709! near
Durban, Sanderson, 448! Gueinzius, 45! Van Reenen, 5600 ft., Schlechter,
6982! Kuntze ; Highland station, Kuntze ; and without precise locality, Gerrard,
143! 2105!
2. D. petiolaris (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 265); a exspitose or
diffuse herb, puberulous or nearly glabrous, apparently annual,
branched at the erown of the root, 1-8 in. long; stems and branches
_ Slender, somewhat wiry, tetragonous, prostrate, occasionally throwing
out adventitious roots at the lower nodes, leafy, ascending towards
the flowering extremities ; leaves alternate or opposite, oval, obovate
or subrotund, rounded or obtuse at the apex, wedge-shaped or shortly
narrowed at the base, thin, nearly entire, repand or few-toothed,
sl in. long, 2-8 in. broad; petioles ranging up to about 1 in.
long; flowers axillary, 3-2 in. long; peduneles slender, $-2 in.
long, usually longer than the leaves, spreading or declining in fruit ;
202 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Dielis.
calyx-segments oval or oblong, obtuse, 7,3 in. long, more or less
minutely glandular-papillose or nearly glabrous, somewhat spreading
in flower; corolla minutely glandular-papillose ; upper lip ~;—$ in.
long, shorter than the lower lip, bifid ; lower lip trifid, 1—} in. long ;
spur 1-1 in. long; capsule minutely glandular-puberulous, ?; in.
long, =; in. broad or when dehisced nearly 3 in. broad; valves deeply
bifid; style 2; in. long; seeds many, blunt, irregularly lined and
minutely papillose, about 2; in. long. Hemimeris sessilifolia, Benth.
in DC. l.c. 255, as to Burchell’s specimen, not of Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 16.
‘WestERn Recion: Little Namaqualand; on the banks of the Orange River,
near Raymonds Drift, 800 ft., Schlechter, 11454 !
Katanart Reeton: Orange River Colony; Rhenoster Kop, Burke, 232!
Zeyher, 1427! Transvaal ; by streams near Johannesburg, Rand, 871! Bechuana-
land; by the Moshowa River, near Takun, Burchell, 2254! on the plains -
between “ Olive-tree station and Last-water station,” Burchell, 2318!
Eastern Recion: Natal, without precise locality, Miss Owen !
Also in South tropical Africa.
3. D. stellarioides (Hiern) ; a weak herb, very slender, annual,
shining, minutely glandular-pilose, ascending or suberect, 5-12 1n-
high ; stem tetragonal, inconspicuously furrowed, simple or sparingly
branched ; internodes exceeding the leaves; leaves opposite, ovate,
elliptic or lanceolate, obtuse at the apex, more or less narrowed,
sometimes abruptly so at the base, petiolate or the uppermost pair in
some cases sessile, thinly membranous, translucent, 1—% in. long,
%-+ in. broad, subentire or few-toothed ; petioles ranging up to % 12.
long; racemes terminal, few-flowered, lax, 2-2 in. long; bracts
alternate, lanceolate, obtuse, sessile, entire, smaller than the leaves,
recurved in fruit ; pedicels 1-8 in. long ; calyx-segments linear-oval
orsublinear, obtuse, minutely puberulous and ciliolate, 2,—} in. long 5
corolla 2 in. long and broad ; lower corolla-lip trifid, 2—} in. long ;
lobes ovate-oblong, rounded, and emarginate at the apex, + in. long ;
upper corolla-lip nearly as long as the lower, broad, bifid; palate
nearly glabrous ; umbo marked with orange-coloured papille; spur
conical, subsaccate, obtuse, about ~, in. long; stamens 4; anthers
small; pollen very small, spheroidal, marked with about 6 longi-
tudinal furrows, smooth; capsule subquadrate, broadly excised at
the apex, unequally rounded or subtruncate at the base, glabrous,
pallid, } in. long, not quite as broad; seeds broadly winged, inelud-
ing the wing ¥, in. long, ;1, in. broad, oval-oblong and emarginate
at both ends, the body sublinear, pale yellowish-green and tubercu-
late, wings white and marked with approximate parallel minute ribs ~
transverse to the body of the seed.
Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; among shrubs in a deep valley of the Hex
River, 1600 ft., Bolus, 7891!
4. D. umbonata (Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1901, 104); a small herb,
glabrous except the glandular-pilose inflorescence, apparently
Diclis.] SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 203
perennial ; rootstock somewhat woody; stems wiry, pallid below,
herbaceous and pale green above, ascending, tetragonous, about 6 in.
long or more, leafy on the lower half, sparingly so above; leaves
opposite, narrowly elliptical or lanceolate, obtuse at the apex, more
or less narrowed or nearly rounded at the shortly petiolate or sub-
sessile base, firmly herbaceous, green on both faces, a little paler
beneath, denticulate or nearly entire, 1-2 in. long, ;4;-} in. broad;
petioles very short, broad, narrowly decurrent ; racemes terminal,
short and dense or laxer below and about 1% in. long, several-
flowered ; lower pedicels ranging up to nearly 1 in. long, rather
slender, straight, spreading, the upper shorter, all arising from the
axils of bracts, 1-flowered and ebracteate ; bracts like the leaves but
smaller, sessile and glandular-puberulous ; calyx-segments ovate-
oval or oblong, obtuse, glandular-pilose, ~5-—} in. long ; corolla
bilabiate, purplish ; posterior lip about 2 in. long, trifid, with rounded
lobes ; anterior lip about 2 in. long, bitid, lobes semi-elliptical, each
with a convex orange-coloured puberulous protrusion about the middle
of the base ; palate pulverulent on the side of the anterior lip, with
two orange-coloured shortly bearded protrusions below the correspond-
ing protrusions of the anterior lip; spur narrowly oblong from a
conical base, obtuse, not much curved, 58, in. long; filaments rather
broad, glabrous, shining, the longer pair ;4; in. long, the shorter about
half as long ; anthers orange-coloured, 2; in. long.
Katanari Region: Orange River Colony, without precise locality, Pates-
hall Thomas !
XI. LINARIA, Tournef.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite; segments imbricate in bud, per-
sistent. Corolla membranous; tube rather long, produced at the
base into a long spur; limb bilabiate ; posterior lip erect, bilobed ;
anterior lip patent, trilobed ; palate usually rather prominent and
closing the throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending or erect,
included, sometimes with a rudimentary fifth; filaments filiform ;
anthers 2-celled ; cells oblong, parallel. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules
pumerous ; style filiform; stigma small, usually emarginate. Capsule
ovoid or globose; cells usually subequal, dehiscing by 2 oval-oblong
2-5-toothed persistent valves from near the apex or by two lateral
pores. Seeds ovoid or discoid.
Herbs or undershrubs ; leaves opposite, verticillate or alternate, seaale: eee
Owers racemose or spicate. ‘
Distris. About 130 species, most of which occur in the extra-tropical regions
of the northern hemisphere of the Old World.
hontai axillary, distant; leaves ovate or ngage <t (1) spuria.
Owers arranged in dense terminal racemes; leaves sub- -
linear t i a ... (2) vulgaris.
The “ large white Linaria,” mentioned by Plant in Hook. Kew Journ. iv. 259,
88 occurring by the Umlilassi river, on hills not far from the sea, is unknown to
me,
x
204 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). | Linaria.
1. L. vulgaris (Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n. 1); a glabrous herb,
5-12 in. high or more, erect; root fusiform, simple or somewhat
branched, flexuous ; stems branched from the base, leafy ; branches
and branchlets ascending or erect; leaves alternate, crowded, sub-
linear, acute, somewhat narrowed towards the sessile or subsessile
base, entire, firm, 1-1 in. long, ,,-;> in. broad, trinerved and
indistinctly pinnately-veined ; flowers 1-1} in. long, about 6-10
together arranged in dense terminal racemes; pedicels minutely
glandular-puberulous, 1-1 in. long, alternate, erect or erect-patent,
bracteate at the base; bract lanceolate-linear, acute, ,—} in. long;
calyx-segments ovate, obtuse or acuminate, subglabrous, about § 1D.
long; posterior lip of the corolla 2—3 in. long ; anterior lip about as
long; palate bearded; spur saccate-subulate, 2 in. long; style
5 *
straight, firmly filiform, 1—1 in. long; eapsule glabrous, about ¢ 1.
long ; seeds discoid, ;'; in. diam. Chavannes, Monogr. Antirrhin. 131;
Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 273. Antirrhinum Linaria, Linn. Sp. P: 1.
ed. 1, 616; Qurtis, Fl. Lond. fase. i. t. 47. A. commune, Lam. Fil.
Fr. ii. 340.
Katanari Reeron: Transvaal; on the slopes of the Elands River Mountains,
6600 ft., Schlechter, 4003! Introduced.
Widely distributed over Europe and northern Asia, and introduced into north
America.
The Transvaal specimens differ from the ordinary European form of the species
by a short and more rigid habit and handsomer flowers.
2. L. spuria (Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n. 15); an annual herb,
shaggy with whitish jointed spreading hairs, glandular; stem erect,
4-18 in. high, somewhat wiry; branches several, slender, leaty,
striate, branched, the lower procumbent or prostrate, the upper
alternate ; leaves alternate or the lower opposite or whorled, ovate or
subrotund, obtuse, subacute or minutely apiculate, rounded or some-
what excavated at the base, pinnately veined, herbaceous, entire or
the lower sometimes with one or more teeth or small lobes on each
side, 114 in. long, 112 in. broad, the lower 1-3 in. Jong, the upper
smaller, bract-like; petioles short or very short; flowers axillary,
solitary, rather numerous, about 1-1 in. long; peduncles slender,
more or less shaggy, spreading or suberect, 1_] in. Jong, exceeding
the subjacent leaves ; calyx-segments ovate or ‘ovate-lanceolate, acute
or pointed, 11 in. long, hairy, the broader ones subcordate at the base 5
corolla about twice as long as the calyx; spur narrowly conical,
acute, perpendicular to the tube, somewhat curving upwards, nearly
as long as the rest of the corolla, yellow; upper lip dark purple;
lower lip pale yellow ; palate bright yellow ; throat purplish above; —
stamens 4, didynamous with a fifth represented by a small scale;
capsule subglobose, pubescent, about 2 in. in diam., debiscing 0
two sides with a round deciduous lid ; seeds ovoid or oblong, some-
what compressed, marked with an irregular-network of ridges an@—
intervening deep pits. Chavannes, Monogr. Antirrhin. 105; Benth. —
in DC. Prodr. x. 268. Antirrhinum spurium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1,
Linaria.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern), 205
613; Curtis, Fl. Lond. fase. 3, t. 37. Elatinoides spuria, Wettst.
in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3b, 58. Cymbalaria spuria,
Gertn., B. Meyer, & Scherb. Ocekon.-techn. Fl. Weiterau, ii. 398. °
Nemesia, Drege in Linnea, xx. 197.
Coast Reraton: Cape Div. ; on rubbish heaps and in cultivated places about
Capetown, Zeyher, 3489! Harvey! Ecklon, 364! Bolus, 2985! Kloof below the
road to Constantia Nek, Wolley Dod, 2426! railway beyond Wynberg, Wolley
Dod! Introduced.
Widely distributed over a great part of Europe, also in North Africa and
Western Asia, and introduced into North America.
Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i, 256, considered the Cape specimens to border
very closely on Linaria lanigera, Desf., if not the same species ; he pointed out
that the species differs remarkably from other Linarias in the dehiscence of the
capsule, and that it approaches so closely to Diclis that he could see but little
generically to distinguish it. :
XII. ANTIRRHINU ¥, Tournef.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite; segments imbricate in bud, per-
sistent. COorvlla membranous; tube not _very short, somewhat
compressed, saccate or gibbous at the base ; limb bilabiate ; posterior
lip erect, shortly bilobed; anterior lip spreading, trilobed ; palate
bearded, broad, closing the throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, in-
cluded, ascending, sometimes with a rudimentary fifth ; filaments
compressed, filiform ; anthers 2-celled ; cells oblong, parallel. Aa
2-celled ; style filiform ; stigma small ; ovules numerous. Capsule
ovoid or globose, symmetrical or not, dehiscing by valved pores.
Seeds oblong, truneate, ragose or nearly smooth.
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely suffrutescent ; leaves opposite or alternate,
usually entire; flowers axillary or racemose. iret
Distris. About 35 species, chiefly inhabiting temperate regions in
northern hemisphere.
: : ~ 1 herb, erect
ie A. Orontium (Linn, Sp. ray ed, qe 617) > an annua i)
or ascending, simple or somewhat branched, dull green, rn hen o
sparingly pilose, 6-18 in. high; stem terete, srt ’ Rots
sulcate, rigid, leafy ; lower branches opposite, cg pobre ite
patent, pilose chiefly towards the apex; lower vw i ae
decussate, lanceolate-oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse, nag sin
FOE Bnareedt base, sometimes shortly thea ewe —2 in. Et
3-{ in. broad, entire ; upper leaves alternate ; flora gle: © aan ;
somewhat pilose; flowers axillary, alternate, rather bolts » wi ‘ah’
pedunculate ; ealyx-segments linear, leafy, See geese cax
8+ in. long; corolla 3-2 in. long ; tube about + in. long, beses wit
a few glandular hairs, rosy, longitudinally purple-line i see ssedin, f
erect with the lobes turning backwards ; rand of baieet sind
lateral lobes subovate, middle one ovate, enialler, sa
incised at the apex; palate marked with purple veins ; nents
206 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). = [ Antirrhinwm.
glabrous, bent at the middle, somewhat curved at the apex; ovary
densely pilose, glandular; style terete, rather thick, bent at the
apex ; capsule shortly ovoid, blunt, gibbous at the base, bisulcate,
hard and almost woody at maturity, 1—} in. long, }—2 in. broad ; eells
unequal. Chavannes, Monogr. Antirrhin. 89; Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. 290; Curtis, Fl. Lond. ed. 2, iii. fase. i. t. 62.
Coast Region: Cape Div.; in an orchard near Kirstenbosch, Wolley Dod,
3050! Introduced.
A native of Europe, North Africa, the Orient, North India, and Atlantic
Islands, ;
XIII. DERMATOBOTRYS, Bolus.
Calyz herbaceous, 5-partite ; segments equal, valvate in bud, sub-
persistent, not or scarcely accrescent in fruit. Corolla trumpet-
shaped ; tube long, somewhat incurved, gradually widened upwards,
not constricted at the mouth ; limb symmetrical, somewhat spread-
ing; lobes 5, short, ovate-rotund, equal, cochleate in bud, anterior
one innermost. Stamens 5, equal; filaments filiform, very short,
inserted near the top of the corolla-tube ; anthers shortly oval, erect,
2-celled, just appearing at the mouth of the corolla, not appendaged ;
cells equal, parallel, dehiscing longitudinally ; pollen spheroidal,
smooth. Ovary 2-celled, superior; style filiform, as long as oF
longer than the corolla; stigma small, minutely bifid; ovules
numerous in the cells ; hypogynous disk pulvinate, almost obsolete.
Fruit baceate, 2-celled, ovoid-conical ; exocarp thinly fleshy, but
little juicy ; endocarp thickly coriaceous. Seeds numerous, spheroidal ;
testa papillose-scrobiculate ; embryo straight or nearly so.
A branched undershrub ; leaves opposite, exstipulate, fleshy ; flowers lateral.
A section made of the pith does not show microscopic evidence of a Solanaceous
character, there being an absence of internal phloem.
Disrris. Species 1, endemic,
1. D. Saundersii (Bolus in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1940); a glabrous
epiphytic shrub ; rootstock 4 ft. high, about 1 in. thick but increasing
towards the top to 2 in. thick, furrowed transversely as in a Dahlia
root; rootlets fibrous; stems more or less quadrangular; ultimate —
branchlets 1-1 in. thick; leaves opposite, decussate, ovafe oF
elliptical, acute or broadly pointed at the apex, more or less narrowed
at the entire base, strongly toothed or repand-dentate, fleshy, red-
veined, turning black-green in the dried state, 2-6 in. long, 1-3 in.
broad ; petioles 2-2 in, long ; flowers clustered at the nodes on the
branchlets, usually three together, bracteate at the base, 1]-12 in.
long ; peduncles 51, 1 in. long, spreading ; bract elliptic-linear, acute
at both ends, about $ in. long, 1 in. broad; calyx-segments lanceo-
late, acute, glabrous, 1-1 in. long; corolla red ?; tube beset inside
towards the base with stiff broad white hairs; lobes about % 1.
long; anthers 8, in. long, glabrous ; style glabrous, slender, tapet-
Dermatobotrys.| scRopHULARIACEs (Hiern), 207
ing towards the stigma; ovary ovoid-conical, glabrous; ripe berry
ovoid, blunt, smooth, $—-¢ in. long, 2—5, in. broad, 1—% in. thick,
green ; embryo about 3~3 of the seed in length.
FasTERN REeGIon: Pondoland; in a forest at Egosa, 656-1640 ft., Beyrich,
13! Zululand; Eshowe, Mrs. K. Saunders, 6! on trees in bush at Ktumeni,
Wood, 3948! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1417!
XIV. HALLERIA, Linn.
Calyx cup-shaped or subrotate, 3-5-cleft, tough, persistent; lobes
short, rounded or obtuse, sometimes apiculate. Corolla trumpet- or
funnel-shaped, rather long, somewhat declinate-incurved or nearly
straight; limb short, oblique or nearly regular, 4- or 5-lobed,
bilabiate in bud with the posterior lip exterior; lobes short, broad.
Stamens 4, didynamous, scarcely declinate or nearly equal; fila-
ments inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube, filiform ; anthers
short, 2-celled, exserted or shortly included; cells diverging, at
length divaricate; staminode 0. Ovary ovoid-conical, 2-celled ;
style filiform, marcescent, minutely stigmatose at the apex, usually
exserted ; ovules numerous. Fruit baccate, indehiscent. Seeds
several or numerous, rather small, somewhat compressed, sub-
7 orbicular or elliptical, narrowly winged.
Glabrous shrubs or small trees; leaves opposite, ovate or elliptical, dentate
or subentire; flowers axillary, subfasciculate.
DistriB. Species 5, of which 2 are natives of Madagascar.
Corolla declinate-incurved ; tube gibbous at the base ;
limb oblique __.... ak ia aos, pate wee ML) SO.
Corolla straight, nearly regular; tube not gibbous at
the base:
Corolla-limb 5-lobed ; leaves ovate, crenately ser-
rate ... i sé tee is ty ... (2) ovata.
‘ Corolla-limb 4-lobed; leaves elliptical, sharply
serrate ote We wit t whic ae,
py _1. HH. Incida (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 625, exel. var. 8); a glabrous
shrub or tree, 2-30 ft. high, shining, erect; trunk sometimes 7-15
in. in diam. ; branches opposite, numerous, rigid; branchlets rather
slender, leafy ; leaves ovate, more or less narrowed or nearly rounded
and usually acuminate, subtruncate or narrowed and often unequal
at the base, thinly coriaceous, rigid, bright green, serrulate, spread-
a ing, 1-4 in. long, 3-23 in. broad ; petioles ranging up to in. long;
peduneles solitary or clustered a few together in the axils of the
leaves or lateral on the branches or trunk, slender, {—} in. long,
usually bibracteate about or below the middle; bracts opposite,
small; flowers drooping ; calyx cyathiform or basin-shaped, 1— in.
in diam.; lobes 3-5, rounded; corolla {-1 in. long, brown-red or
purple, trampet-shaped, somewhat decurving, gibbous at the base in
front, ringent, oblique at the mouth; limb short, 4-lobed, ciliolate,
208 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Halleria.
unequal; posterior lobe entire, emarginate or bifid; anthers
yellowish, shortly exserted ; style about as long as or longer than the
eorolla ; berries oval or globose, deep purple, smooth, edible ; seeds
s+ in. long. Bot. Mag. t. 1744; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 54, and in DC. Prodr. x. 301; Thunb. Prodr. 97, and
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 457; Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 24,37; Jaub.
§ Spach, Illustr. Pl. Orient. v. 65; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833.
—Lonicera foliis lucidis acuminatis dentatis, fructu rotundo, Burm.
Rar. Afr. Pl. 244, t. lxxxix, fig. 2.
Sourh Arrica: without locality, Masson! Niven! Rowburgh! Nelson!
Banks & Solander! Lichtenstein! Peddie! Elliott! Hutton! Bolton! Miss
Bowker ! Sanderson, 418! Wyley! Talbot! Bunbury, 154! Reeves! Thunberg!
Herb. Burmann !
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Wupperthal, Wurmb. in Herb. Drége.
Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7890a! Paarl Div. ; Paarl
Mountain, 1000-2000 Tt., Drége! Cape Div: ; slopes above Fernwood, Wolley
Dod, 147! Caledon Div. ; near Genadendal, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7890¢ ! Klein
River, Zeyher, 3527! Baavians Kloof, Lichtenstein! Swellendam Div. ; by the |
Buffeljagts River, near Sparrbosch, 500 ft., Drége, 789Qd ! Swellendam, Ecklon,
91! Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens Berg, 1000 ft., Drége!’ Bathurst Div. ; at
Kaffirs Drift military post, Burchell, 3767! Albany Div.; in woods near
Grahamstown, MacOwan ! and witbont precise locality, Cooper, 1559! British
Kaffraria, Cooper, 100! ‘
CenTRaAL Reaion: Somerset Div. ; on the upper part of Bruintjes Hoogte,
Burchell, 3053! on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3241! Wodehouse Div.; Stormberg
Range, 5000-6000 ft., Drége. :
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; Drakensberg, Cooper, 2820!
Basutoland, without precise locality, Cooper, 701! Transvaal; on mountains
near Lydenburg, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 1000! on the slopes of the Drakensberg,
near Mac Mac gold-fields, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 1770! ;
EasTERN Reeion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 218! between Durban and Umslutie
(Umhloti) River, Krauss, 235! Klip River, 3500-4500 ft., Sutherland ! and
without precise locality, Bisset! Cooper, 2819! 2821! Gerrard, 221!
Also in Tropical Africa.
The berries are much eaten by the Hottentots (Burchell). The peduncles are
sometimes clustered on the old wood. In Burchell’s time it was cultivated in the
Government garden at Capetown, Burchell, 752!
H. lucida var. crispa, Drége in Linnea, xx. 197, without description, is
Zeyher, 35277 from Grahamstown, 1500-2500 ft., in Albany Div. of the Coast
Region. I have not seen the specimen.
The local name is Witte Olyve; the usual height of the trank, which is straight,
is about 6 ft., and the diameter is 6-8 in.; the bark is very thin, greyish white,
and much cracked ; the wood is like red-beech but of a finer grain, hard, tough,
and well adapted for carpenters’ work, planes, screws, joiners’ benches, and tools
of every description ; it also supplies the wagon-maker with a good material for
poles, &c. Pappe, Silva Capensis, 25.
According to Fritzsche, Beitr. Kenntn. Poll. 23, the pollen is oval, smooth,
and marked with 3 furrows with a depression in each furrow.
2. H. ovata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 54); a glab-
rous shrub; branchlets rather slender, striate-sulcate, leafy ; leaves
opposite, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, obtusely narrowed or scarcely
acute, obtusely or shortly narrowed at the base, thinly corla- a
ceous, shining, rather paler and glaucescent beneath, crenately
serrate except near both ends, 1-2 in. long, 3-12 in. broad, the —
Halleria.] SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern), 209
younger sparingly glandular-punctulate; petioles 1-8 in. long,
dilated and somewhat clasping at the base ; pedicels rather slender,
274 in. long, bracteate at the base, bibracteolate about or below the
middie ; bracts and bracteoles obtuse, ~71; in. long ; calyx sub-
rotate, about + in. long and } in. in diam., subbilabiate, unequally
4- or 5-cleft; lobes rounded ; corolla straight, 2-3 in. long, nearly
regular, very shortly 5-lobed ; lobes rounded, subreniform, ciliolate ;
tube not or scareely gibbous at the base, slightly and shortly
narrowed above the ovary, funnel-shaped above; stamens and style
shortly or sometimes not at all exserted. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. 302; Jaubert § Spach, Illustr. Pl. Orient. v. 65.
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; by the Oliphants River and at Brak
Fontein, Ecklon & Zeyher!
+ 3. H. elliptica (Thunb. in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 39); a glabrous
shrub, 4-6 ft. high, erect ; stems numerous, much branched ;
branches opposite ; branchlets rather slender, erect-patent, tetragonal,
leafy ; leaves opposite, elliptical or elliptic-oblong, apiculate, more or
less narrowed at the base, rigid, shining, thinly coriaceous, sprinkled
with punctiform glands, rather pale and glaucescent beneath,
sharply serrate except near the base, narrowly reflexed along the —
Inargin, erect-patent, 1-11 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; petioles ae-s in.
long, slightly thickened near the joint at the base; articulation
dilated below and very narrowly decurrent ; flowers pendulous, red
or purple, usually two together or subsolitary in each axil ; pedicels
slender, decurving at least near the apex, 2-3 in. long, bracteate at
the base, bibracteolate below or about the middle; bracts and
bracteoles very small; calyx basin-shaped or campanulate, oblique,
s—4 in. in diam., ;1,—2 in. long, shortly 3-5-cleft ; lobes rounded, often
minutely apiculate ; corolla straight, funnel-shaped, nearly regular,
contracted above the ovary, somewhat dilated but not gibbous at the
base, beset outside with reflexed sete, 3-1 in. long, very shortly
4-lobed ; lobes rounded, giandular-ciliolate, the lateral flat, the
anterior and posterior somewhat folded ; stamens nearly included or
shortly exserted ; style shortly exserted or included ; berries globose
or oval, glabrous, 32 in. in diam. Thunb. Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap.
ed. Schult. 457: Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 54, and in
DC. Prodr. x. 302; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 883; Jaub. § Spach,
Iilustr. Pl. Orient. v. 65; Pappe, Silva Cap. ed. 2, 30; Drege,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 189. H. lucida, var. B, Linn. Sp.
Pl. ed. i. 625. Hallia elliptica, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 99. Lonicera folio acuto, etc., J. Burm. Rar, Afr. Pl. decas
1x. 243, t, Ixxxix. Jig. 1.
Sourm Arrica: without locality, Thom, 752! Ecklon §° Zeyher, 83} Herb.
Burmann! : y
; 5 ; : i Dickson in
Coast Reaion: Piquetberg Div.; Piqueniers Kloof, in January,
Herb. Bolus! Tulbagh Diy. ake Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., a ean em
rocky parts of the mountains about Mieka pe 18) Pe pu ty 10631!
Norm. Aust.-Afr., 582! Bolus, 7885! at Saror, 8 "9 Co
Worcester bien, Hatoite Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 9436! vageh heigl
hills between Paarl and the railway bridge, below 1000 ft., Drége, a
VOL. 1V.— SECT. I.
210." SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Halleria.
of rivulets at Dal Josephat, 600 ft., Tyson, 845! below the Drakenstein Moun-
tains, Thunberg! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Thunberg ! Caledon Div.; Klein
River Mountains, 1000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 3527! Baviaans Kloof, near Gena-
dendal, Lichtenstein! Swellendam Div.; Buffeljagts River Drift, Burchell,
7283! by the Zondereinde River, Ecklon & Zeyher, 274! Burchell, 7512!
Krauss, 1633! Knysna Div., Pappe ! :
Also in Tropical Africa.
Wettstein in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 356, gives this species as occurring in the
Zulu-Natal district.
XV. TEEDIA, Burch.
Calyx herbaceous, 5-partite, persistent ; segments linear-lanceolate,
but little imbricate in bud. Corolla deciduous ; tube cylindrical, about
equalling or rather exceeding the calyx, bearded and marked with
5 spots at the apex; limb spreading, subregular, 5-lobed; lobes
imbricate in bud, flat in the open flower; two posterior exterior.
Stamens glabrous, 4, didynamous, sometimes with a rudimentary
fifth ; filaments short, filiform, inserted near the base of the corolla-
tube, ascending; anthers short, ovoid-rotund, subdidymous, 2-celled,
included ; cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled, subglobose ;
style short, fleshy ; stigma ovoid, capitate, rugose, minutely cleft at
the apex ; ovules numerous. Fruit 2-celled, subglobose, indehiscent,
bracteate. Seeds numerous, ovoid, rugose, not winged.
Biennial or perennial shrubs, but not very woody; leaves opposite, more or
less ovate, denticulate ; flowers purplish, of moderate size.
DistRiB. Species 2, endemic.
Glabrous. ... ws et tar yee als ... (1) lucida.
ROROMNG es a ae a ek ee
' 1. T. lucida (Rudolphi in Schrad. Journ. ii. 288); a glabrous
shrub, 2-4 ft. high, smelling strongly like a Melianthus; stem
diffuse, tetragonous, smooth, rigid, branched; branches divarieate,
green, leafy; leaves oval, ovate or elliptical, obtuse, apiculate or
acute, more or less narrowed to the sessile or shortly petiolate
aurieulate-amplexieaul base, shining, chartaceous, serrulate or denticu-
late, veined, unequal, ranging up to 5 in. long by 2 in. broad, but 0
some forms not exceeding 2 in. by * in.; petioles ranging up to { 1.
long or less, winged, decurrent at the base; cymes dense and leafy,
terminal or axillary; common peduncles axillary, 1-1} in. long,
tetragonous, 3-7-flowered ; pedicels short, ranging up to $ in. long
in fruit ; bracts opposite, lanceolate-linear, 1-1 in. long ; flowers
lilac or rosy, §-2 in. long; calyx-segments lanceolate-oblong oF
-linear, subobtuse or pointed, 1-1 in. long; corolla-tube nearly
straight, purplish, shortly exceeding the ealyx, subcylindrical,
bearded at the throat ; limb patent, marked near the throat with a dark
purple stellate spot, * in. diam. ; lobes oval or rounded ; pollen oval,
yellowish, +355 in. long, marked with 4-6 furrows; ovary gree, -
subglobose, somewhat compressed, bisuleate, about {1; in. in diam.j
*
Teedia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 211
style shorter than the ovary; stigma capitate-ovoid, as long as and
thicker than the style, obsoletely bifid at the apex; fruit globose,
¢-y In. in diam., black-purple or yellowish-brown; seeds black,
oval, small, glabrous, very delicately reticulate-punetate. Benth. in
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 54, and in DO. Prodr. x. 334 ; Bot. Reg.
t. 209 ; Reichenbd. Mag. Bot.t. 16 ; Edgew. Pollen, ed. 2, 30, 78, #. 9,
f. 141; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 240. Capraria lucida, Ait.
Hort, Kew. ed. 1, ii. 853. Borckhausenia lucida, Roth, Cat. Bot. ii.
56. Solanum bracteatum, Thunb. in Act. Gorenk. (1812) ex Thunb.
Fl. Cap. ed. ii. 57-58; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 189.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, MacOwan, 70! Bolton! Wallich!
soe ! Wright! Niven! Oldenburgh! Nelson! Thunberg ! Herb. Burmann!
owte !
Coast Rucion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft,, Dréye, 79280!
Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 400-3000 ft., Pappe! Bolus, 4545! in shady
places, summit of Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod, 3637! in the clefts of rocks,
Muizenberg, 1000 ft., Bolus! Swellendam Div. ; Swellendam Mountains,
Ecklon, 42! George Div. ; between Touw River and Kaymans River, Burchell,
5766! Uniondale Div.; near Groote River in Lange Kloof, Burchell, 5024!
aor Williamstown Div.; summit of Dohne Mountain, 4000 ft., Flanagan,
8! f
CENTRAL Ree@1on: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, Miss Bowker! Albert
Div, ; Molteno, Kuntze. : :
WestTERN Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; Modder Fontein Mountain, 4000-
5000 ft., Drege, 79286! : : ms
Eastern Re@ion: Tembuland; Gatberg region (“ Klipburg”) 3000-
3500 ft., Bawr, 245! Natal; near Murchison, Wood, 1996! Little Noodsberg,
2500 ft., Wood, 4235!
2. T. pubescens (Burch. in Bot. Reg. t. 214); a pubescent
shrub, about 2 ft. high, biennial, smelling disagreeably but less
strongly than the previous species; stem diffuse, tetragonous, soft,
rigid, branched; branches few, ascending, leafy, unctuously pubes-
cent ; leaves ovate or oval, obtuse, apiculate or acute, more or less
narrowed or subtruncate at the sessile or shortly petiolate semi-
amplexicaul often decurrent base, chartaceous, denticulate or serru-
late, 1-32 in. long, 3-18 in. broad; petioles ranging up to § in, long
or less, winged, decurrent at the base; eymes axillary or terminal ;
axillary peduncles 3-5-flowered, 1-1} in. long, spreading ; pedicels
short, ranging up to 3 in. in fruit; bracts opposite, about equalling
the pedicels; bracteoles smaller; flowers scentless, §—3 in. long ;
calyx-segments oblong-lanceolate, pointed, }-} in. long ; corolla-tube
pubescent outside, 2 in, long, white-rosy, marked at the hairy throat
with 5 black-purple stellately arranged decurrent spots; limb |
patent, $ in. in diam., regular; anthers pale yellow ; ovary de-
pressedly globose; style very short; stigma capitate, annanes
fruit globose, 3 in. in diam., glabrous, black-purple, 2-celled; see
numerous, oval, scrobiculate, black. Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 54, and in DC. Prodr. x. 384.
Coast Reaion: Worcester Div.; rocky places in Hex River Valley, 2000 ft.,
Tyson in Herb. Bolus! George Div. ; mountains in Lange Kloof, near the source
P 2
VA
212 SCROPHULARIACEE® (Hiern). | Teedia.
of the Keurebooms River, Burchell, 5089! Uniondale Div. 3 on rocky hills by
the Klip River, near Keurebooms River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 7929! Humans-
dorp Div. ; mountain side of Lange Kloof, near the western bank of the Wagen-
booms River, Burchell, 4919!
XVI. PHYGELIUS, E. Meyer.
Calyx thickly chartaceous, 5-partite ; segments imbrieate, per-
sistent, not accrescent in fruit. Corolla trumpet-shaped ; tube long,
incurved or nearly straight, gradually dilated upwards ; limb strongly
oblique or nearly equal; lobes 5, short, obtuse, subequal, more or
less spreading, the two posterior exterior. Stamens 4, didynamous,
glabrous; filaments thickly filiform, declinate, inserted below the
mouth of the corolla, exserted; anthers oblong, 2-celled; cells
parallel; connective thick; staminode obsolete. Ovary 2-celled ;
style thickly filiform, exserted beyond the stamens, glabrous; stigma
small, minutely bifid; ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid, more or
less oblique, septicidal; valves entire, Seeds irregularly ovoid,
bluntly angular, subreticulately veined, minutely papillose ; testa
rather thickly spongy.
Robust undershrubs, glabrous or nearly so, erect; leaves opposite 5
flowers numerous, Penstemon-like, arranged in terminal secund paniculate
cymes,
Disrris. Species 2, endemic.
Inflorescence loosely cymose ; pedicels 4-1 in. long ; calyx-
segments ovate or oblong-lanceolate; corolla-tube in-
curved, very oblique at the apex... “be oes ‘
Inflorescence closely cymose; pedicels ;1,-} in. long;
calyx-segments lanceolate or suboblong ; corolla-tube
not much curved or nearly straight, subequal at the
apex ... a 45 ake itd
(1) capensis.
(2) equalis. _
1. P. capensis (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 0.
53); a handsome undershrub, erect, loosely branched, quite glabrous
or nearly so except the puberulous inflorescence, 2-3 ft. high, woody
below, subherbaceous above; branches rather thick, smooth, quad-
rangular, very narrowly 4-winged by the decurrence of the petioles;
leaves opposite, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or scarcely acute,
subtruncate or subcordate or somewhat narrowed at the base, thinly
coriaceous or thickly chartaceous, crenulate-serrulate, 1-5 in. long,
3-22 in. broad ; petioles deeply channelled above, clasping, narrowly
decurrent, the longer shortly biauriculate atthe base, 3-21 in. longs
inflorescence terminal, pyramidal, loosely cymose, compound, secund,
drooping, 3-12 ft. long, bracteate ; ultimate pedicels $-1 in. long,
recurved at the apex; calyx-segments ovate or oblong-lanceolate, —
obtuse or obtusely. acuminate, glabrous, about 2 in. long; core
deep scarlet, about 12 in, long, subglabrous, smooth; tube contracted
Phygelius. | ‘SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 213
shortly above the ovary, elongated, ineurved, gradually and
moderately dilated above, very oblique at the apex; lobes ovate-
rounded, about }—1 in. long; stamens and style shortly exserted ;
capsule ovoid, 2—2 in, long, 1—8 in. thick, oblique, bisulcate, smooth,
glaucous ; pericarp thin. Jielding, Sert. Pl. tt. 66-67; Benth. in
DC. Prodr, x. 300%; Bot. Mag. t. 4881; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl,
ed. i. 252; Wettstein in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 44,
Jig. 21 J.
Coast Rreion: Albany Div., without precise locality, Bowker! Bedford
Div.; near Bedford, Mrs, Hutton! summit of Kaga Berg, MacOwan, 1104!
Queenstown Div.; Winter Berg, Mrs. Barber! British Kaffraria, without
precise locality, Cooper, 296! Mrs. Barber !
CentRat ReEGIon: Somerset Div.; summit of Bosch Berg, 4500 ft., Mac-
Owan, 1104! Graaff Reinet and Murraysburg Div.; Koudeveld Mountain,
Sneeuwberg Range, 4800-5000 ft., Bolus, 1237! Tyson, 100! Aliwal North Div. ;
by streams on the Witte Bergen, 5000-7000 ft., Drege, 7875! Albert Div. ;
without precise locality, Cooper, 665!
Katauart Reeion: Basutoland; without precise locality, Cooper, 2818!
Orangé River Colony ; by the Elands River near Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft.,
Flanagan, 2018!
’ 2. P. equalis (Harv. MSS.); a beautiful undershrub, erect,
branched, quite glabrous except the shortly puberulous inflorescence,
2-3 ft. high, woody below, subherbaceous above, with the habit of a
Fuchsia ; branches virgate, rather thick, smooth, quadrangular, very
narrowly 4-winged by the decurrenee of the petioles ; leaves opposite,
ovate or the upper lanceolate, more or less obtuse, wedge-shaped or
subtruncate at the base, thickly chartaceous, crenulate-serrulate, 1-4
in. long, 1-14 in. broad ; petioles deeply channelled above, clasping,
narrowly deeurrent, shortly biauriculate at the base, ranging up to
= lin, long or more; inflorescence terminal, oblong, closely cymose,
compound, secund, bracteate, 3-9 in. long; ultimate pedicels ;;—}
1. long, spreading or recurving towards the apex; calyx-segments
lanceolate or suboblong, obtuse or scarcely acute, glabrous, 4-1 in.
long; corolla 1-12 in. long, glabrous, smooth, crimson or dull
salmon in colour outside, from orange to dull purple inside ; tube
narrowly funnel-shaped, not much curved or nearly straight, sub-
equal at the mouth, somewhat dilated about the base outside the
Ovary ; lobes ovate-rotund, 1-1 in. long; stamens shortly faageeio ;
style far exserted ; capsule obliquely oval, } in. long, {—-$ In. broad,
glabrous, based with the non-accrescent calyx, glabrous, glaucous, at
length septicidal ; pericarp rather thin.
Katauart REGIon: Transvaal; by the sides of creeks at MacMac, Mudd!
banks of streams close to the water at Moodies, Barberton, 3000-4000 ft., or
571! near Lydenburg, by running water, Wilms, 1069! Elands River ar
tains, 7600 ft., Schlechter, 3848! Orange River Colony; on the banks of the
214 SCROPHULARTACE® (Hiern). [ Phygelius.
Elands River, near Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., Flanagan, 2019! Basutoland ;
at 8000 ft., Sanderson (Melleish), 645!
Eastern Recion: Div. ? Hallack, 34! Natal; Klip River, 3500-4500 ft.,
Sutherland! in moist places at the source of the Illovo River, 3000 ft.,
Wood, 1853! near Durban, McKen, 6! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton,
93!
XVIL FREYLINIA, Spin.
Calyx firmly herbaceous, campanulate, 5-partite, persistent;
segments ovate, imbricate in bud. Corolla funnel-shaped; tube
subeylindrical, straight, exceeding the ealyx; limb patent, regular;
lobes 5, nearly flat, imbricate in bud; two posterior exterior.
Stamens 4 and didynamous, or occasionally a fifth smaller sterile
stamen added near the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments thickly
filiform, ascending, included, inserted about or above the middle of
the corolla-tube, the pairs somewhat unequal in length; anthers
shortly oblong, 2-celled ; cells subparallel. Ovary 2-celled ; style
about equalling the corolla-tube, thickly filiform; stigma capitate,
ovoid, thicker than the style; ovules several. Capsule ovoid, obtuse,
septicidal; valves hard, bifid. Seeds few, discoid, with a mem-
branous margin.
Shrubs; leaves opposite, verticillate or scattered, coriaceous, entire ; flowers
eymose.
Distriz, Species 2, endemic.
Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, all opposite ; flowers
yellowish wi wee ne oe fel Ri
Leaves ovate or oval-lanceolate, opposite, verticillate or
scattered ; flowers purplish si
(1) oppositifolia.
(2) undulata.
1. F. oppositifolia (Spin, Jard. §. Sébast., ed. 2, 13 & 29, nota
12) ; a shrub, 4-12 ft. high, glabrous or rarely pubescent above,
shining ; root perennial, fibrous-branched ; stem erect, subtetragonous,
much branched; branches opposite, divaricate or erect, virgate,
greenish, tetragonous, leafy ; leaves opposite, linear or linear-lanceo-
late, acute, attenuate to the sessile or subsessile base, entire, nearly
flat, sometimes subfaleate, evergreen, willow-like, 2-5 in. long,
4-2 in. broad, margins narrowly decurrent, midrib very prominent
beneath, venation otherwise weak; panicles many-flowered, 3-8 In.
long; ultimate pedicels short, unequal ; flowers yellowish, bracteate,
$72 ln. long; bracts small; calyx-segments ovate, about } in. long,
obtuse, apiculate, often minutely glandular-ciliolate ; corolla funnel- —
shaped ; tube subcylindrical, 11 in. long, whitish below, saffron-
yellow above, thinly pilose within, glabrous outside ; limb }-} im. 7
diam., regular; lobes 5, spreading or revolute, ovate, obtuse, saffron-
yellow, imbricate in bud; stamens 4 and didynamous or occasionally
with a short and sterile fifth, all included ; style about as long a —
the corolla-tube ; capsule about 3-2 in. long, Capraria lanceolata, —
Linn. f. Suppl. Pl. 284; Thunb. Prodr. 103 ; Burch, Trav. S. Aft:
Freylinia.] SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). 215
i. 124, 180; Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. 11, t. 4; not of Vahl, &e.
Budleia glaberrima, Loisel.-Deslongch. Herb. Gen: Amat. iv. 266.
I’, cestroides, Colla, Hort. Ripul. 56; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 55, and in DC. Prodr. x. 333; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833.
Beureria cestroides, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. ii. 66. F. lanceolata, G.
Don in Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3,523. Andrewsia salicifolia, Hort.
ex F. Mayer in Flora, 1823, i. 113. Cestrum aurantiacum, F.
Mayer in Flora, 1823, i. 113. Capraria salicifolia, Hort. ex
Benth. in DU. lc. See Gazetta Piedmontese Supplemente al No. 59,
May 17th, 1817.
Var. 8, latifolia (Hiern); leaves narrowly lanceolate, ranging up to 3 in,
broad, glabrous,
Var. ‘y, pubescens (Hiern) ; leaves and branchlets pubescent.
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Oldenburg! Miller! Niven, 74!
Ludwig t Var. 7, Grey!
Coasr Region : Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Kloof, 650 ft., Bolus, 5283 ! Tulbagh
Mountains, Pappe! Clanwilliam Diy.; Wupperthal, Wurmb. in Herb. Drége.
Ceres Div.; by the Berg River, near Ceres, 1200 ft., MacOwan, 2672! and
in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 241! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 1000-2000 ft.,
Drege, 940a! by the Hex River, Burke! Paarl Div.; by streams at Dal Josephat,
600 ft., Tyson, 856! Draakenstein Mountains, 1000 ft., Drége, 9406! Masson /
between Paarl and the Railway Bridge, Drége, 940c! by the Berg River, Krauss,
1636; Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Gueinzius! Caledon Div, ;
Palmiet River, Pappe/ mountains by Grietjes Gat between Lowrys Pass and
Palmiet River, 2000-4000 ft., Ecklon 5 Zeyher, 171! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim,
300 ft., Schlechter, 7687! Swellendam Div. ; between Zuurbrak and Buffeljagts
River, Burchell, 7276! by the Buffeljagts River, near Sparrbosch, 500 ft., Drege,
940e! Riversdale Div. ; between Krombeks River and Jonkers Fontein River,
pica 7194! Uitenhage Div.; between Galgebosch and Milk River, Burchell,
70!
Var. 8: Talbagh Div.; between Kasteels Kloof and New Kloof, by the side
of a rivulet and peculiar to such situations; a very neat willow-leaved shrub,
: decorated with long yellowish flowers, Burchell, 983! Stellenbosch Div. ;
. Stellenbosch, Zeyher, 1325!
eet F. undulata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 55); a
shrub, 1-6 ft. high, glabrous or pubescent; stem erect, more or less
branched ; branches often straggling, long and but little divided ;
branchlets leaf y, divaricate or erect-patent ; leaves opposite, verticil-
late or scattered, ovate or oval-lanceolate, acute or apiculate and
Sometimes pungent or rarely obtuse, nearly rounded at the base,
rigid, undulate or sometimes flat, 1-1 in. long, {-} in. broad ;
petioles ranging up to 14 in. long; racemes dense or occasionally lax
or subpaniculate ; cymes 1-6 in. long; pedicels very short; flowers
purplish, 2—% in. long, bracteate ; bracts small ; calyx-segments
Ovate, mucronate or apieulate, 3-2 in. long ; corolla glabrous outside,
very thinly pilose within ; limb 3—} in. in diam. ; lobes 5, rounded,
spreading or revolute ; stamens included ; style about equalling the
corolla-tube ; capsule glabrous, glaucescent, 3+ in. long. Benth. in
DC. Prodr. x, 333, excl. syn. Capraria rigida, Thunb. : Prodr,
103, excl. syn. Freylinia rigida, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 617,
216 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Freylinia,
Capraria undulata, Linn. f. Suppl. Pl. 284; L’Hérit. Sert. Angl.
21, t.25; Thunb. Prodr. 103; Sims, Bot, Mag. t. 1556.
Var. 8, pubescens (Benth.); pubescent ; leaves undulate ; flowers about 4 in.
long. F. undulata, var. villosa, Drege, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr.-Austr. 3 ; Krauss in
Flora, 1844, 833.
Var. y, carinata (Benth. lc.) ; glabrous; leaves flat; flowers about 3 in,
long. F. undulata, 8, planifolia, Drége, l.c.
Va, 8, densiflora (Hiern); glabrous; racemes dense. F. densiflora, Benth.
Ul. ce.
Var. ¢, longiflora (Hiern); glabrous; flowers $ in. long. F. longiflora,
Benth, ll. ce.
Var. ¢, macrophylla (Hiern) ; leaves flat, } in. long, roundly ovate.
SouTH AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg! Roxburgh ! MacOwan, 1451!
and cultivated specimens !
Coast Recon: Caledon Div. ; Grabouw, near the Palmiet River, 800 ft.,
Guthrie, 4166! Swellendam Div.; hills near Swellendam, Masson! by the
Zondereinde River, Ecklon & Zeyher, 374! 383! mountain ridges along the
lower part of the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3523! and without precise
locality, Zeyher, 2523! Ecklon! Riversdale Div. ; between Zoetemelks River —
and Little Vet River, Burchell, 6852! hills near Zoetemelks River, Burchell,
6753! Knysna Div.; near Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5161! VaR. 8: Swel-
lendam Div.; near the Breede River, in the vicinity of Swellendam, below
1000 ft., Drége! Burchell, 7449 ! 7486! Tradouw Mountains, Drége! between
Zuurbraak and Buffeljagts River Drift, Burchell, 7275! Barrydale, 1200 ft.,
Galpin, 4368! Humansdorp Div.; north side of Kromme River, Burchell,
4882! at Suku, Burchell, 4810! Var. y: Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, Drege,
789la! Var. 3: Alexandria Div.; Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drege,
7891b! Var. e¢; Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Ecklon ! perhaps to
this variety should be referred specimens from Oudtshoorn Div.; by_ the
Oliphants River, Gill! and Knysna Diy.; near Keurbooms River, Burchell,
5161! Var. ¢: Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4369!
Centrat Reaion: VaR. y: Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwartbergen Range,
near Vrolykheid, 5000 ft., Drége, 7892! Var. 3: Somerset Div.; near Somerset
East, Miss Bowker !
WESTERN REGION: Var. 8B: Little Namaqualand; between Uitkomst and
Geelbeks Kraal, 2000-3000 ft., Drége.
XVIII. IXIANTHES, Benth.
Calyx rigidly foliaceous, tripartite, valvate in bud; posterior
segment broader than the others, trifid at the apex; anterior seg-
ments entire. Corolla viscid-pubescent, membranous, rather large;
tube subglobose, gibbous-ventricose at the back; limb _bilabiate,
5-lobed ; lobes obtuse, veined, not very unequal; posterior lip
exterior, erect, concave, bilobed; anterior lip slightly shorter than
the other, deeply trilobed, patent. Stamens 2, included, inserted at
the base of the eorolla-tube, anterior, with 2 or 3 interposed shorter
setiform staminodes ; filaments filiform, glabrous, ineurved; perfect
anthers with two thick divaricate cells confluent at the apex.
Ovary ovoid, densely glandular, 2-celled; style thickly filiform,
straight, erect, glabrous except at the glandular base, rather exceed-
ing the stamens, minutely stigmatose at the apex; ovules numerous.
Capsule ovoid, subtetragonal, acute, septicidal through the axis 5
SR
a 8
Teianthes.] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 217
valves hard, shortly bifid. Seeds numerous, ovoid-oblong, truncate,
obtusely angled ; testa loose, hyaline, reticulate.
A shrub, with erect branches and the habit almost ofa Refzia; leaves crowded,
whorled, narrow, coriaceous : flowers axillary, numerous.
Distr1B. Species 1, endemic.
1. I. retzioides (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 53); a
robust shrub, in some cases 5-7 ft. high ; branches terete, glabrous,
virgate, erect, densely leafy, somewhat hairy towards the apex;
leaves crowded, 3- or 4-verticillate, linear or nearly so, narrowed
towards both ends especially the base, sessile, shining, greyish-green
above, paler beneath, rigidly coriaceous, distantly and sharply
serrulate along the upper half, 21-4 in. long, 2-2 in. broad, hispidu-
lous or glabrous; whorls alternating; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered,
31% in. long, bibracteate about or below the middle ; bracts like
the leaves but smaller, 1-1 in, long; flowers $-1{ in. long; calyx
$-a in. long, rigid, veined, pilose; posterior segment ovate, about
x in. long and 1 in. broad ; the others lanceolate, acute, about 3-4 in.
long and 4-1 in. broad; eorolla sulphur-coloured, pubescent, viscid
outside ; tube gibbously inflated, 2 in. long; lobes rounded, spread -
ing, nearly equal, the two upper erect, the three lower spreading ;
stigma purple; capsule about § in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. 335; Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 62, t. 99, and Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i.
253; MacOwan in Gard. Chron. 1889, v. 136, fig. 19 ; Bot. Mag. t.
7409,
Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; by streams on the mountains above Tulbagh
waterfall, 1200-1300 ft., very rare, Ecklon §& Zeyher! Pappe! Bolus, 5307!
MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr. 951!
According to Prof. MacOwan ‘it grows almost in the water, but in drier
places becomes stunted and assumes exactly the habit represented by Harvey.
A white-flowered variety occurred with the ordinary form.
XIX. ANASTRABE, E. Meyer.
Calyx campanulate, shortly 5-cleft, firmly herbaceous, persistent ;
lobes valvate in bud. Corolla bilabiate ; tube short ; posterior lip
bipartite, exterior in bud, segments flat : anterior lip larger than the
posterior, very shortly trifid, induplicate in bud and interior, after-
wards concave, boat-shaped, spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous,
the fifth rudimentary ; filaments thickly filiform, somewhat ascend-
ing; anther-cells confluent at the apex. Ovary 2-celled; style
thickly filiform, truncate or emarginate at the stigmatose apex ;
ovules several. Capsule ovoid, septicidal ; valves hard and eoriaceous,
bifid. Seeds few; testa rather lax, membranous, netted.
A shrub or tree; leaves opposite ; flowers rather small, arranged in axillary
and terminal cymes.
Distr1iB, Species 1, endemic.
218 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [ Anastrabe.
1. A. integerrima (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. ii. 54) ; ashrub or tree, with the habit of a Buddleia ; branches
numerous, terete ; branchlets divaricate, leafy, clothed towards the
extremities, as well as the lower face of the leaves, petioles and
inflorescence, with a short stellate deciduous felt ; leaves opposite,
oval-oblong, apieulate or mucronulate and acute or obtuse, more or
less narrowed or nearly rounded at the base, thinly and dryly
coriaceous, deep green and glossy above, paler beneath, entire or in
the variety serrulate, 1-4 in. long, 1—11 in. broad, often narrowly
revolute along the margin; petioles 2,1 in. long, not decurrent,
channelled above ; cymes many-flowered, about 1 in. long ; peduncles
and pedicels rather slender; bracts small; flowers 2 in. long, yellow
pencilled inside with crimson; calyx 1 in. long; lobes deltoid or
ovate, —, in. long; corolla felted inside, glabrous inside ; stamens ~
glabrous; style glabrous; capsule 1-1 in. long. Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x, 334; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833.
Var. 8, serrulata (Hiern) ; leaves sharply serrulate or minutely denticulate ;
capsules not much longer than the calyx. A. serrulata, B. Meyer ex Benth.
Ul, cc.
Eastern REGION: Natal; by a stream between Umzimkulu River and
Umkomanzi River, below 500 ft., Drége, 4834a! in woods and thickets near
Durban, Drege, 4834b! Gueinzius, 50! 440! in woods near the Umlaas
(Umlazi) River, Krauss, 157! Inanda, Wood, 449! and without precise locality,
Sanderson, 70! 317! 525! Gerrard, 330! 616! Brownlee! Var. 8: Tembu-
land; near Morley, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4835a! Pondoland; between St.
Johns River and Umtsikaba River, Drége, 4835b! Natal; without precise
locality, Gerrard, 331! Cooper, 2872! Sanderson, 405 !
The Native name at Inanda, Natal, is ‘‘Isipambati”; the tree affords one
of the best woods there for building-poles, &c., as it stands exposure to the
weather and resists the attacks of termites better than any other (Wood).
XX. BOWKERIA, Harv.
Calyx 5-partite, subcoriaceous, persistent; segments ovate or
lanceolate, imbricate in bud, the posterior the broadest. Corolla
tough, ovoid, ventricose, bilabiate ; tube short; throat broad ; limb
oblique; upper lip exterior, concave, shortly bidentate ; lower lip
interior, inflated, shortly or deeply tridentate. Stamens 4, didy-
namous, one or both pairs shorter than the corolla; filaments rather
thick, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube; anthers all perfect;
cells equal, subparallel, not appendaged, confluent at the apex;
staminode 1 or 0, small. Ovary ovoid, 3- or 2-celled; cells many-
ovuled ; style rather thickly filiform, somewhat incurved towards the
apex; stigma simple, small. Capsule ovoid or oblong, septicidal,
coriaceous, somewhat shining; valves 3 or 2, inflexed on the
margin, laying bare the central placentiferous column ; seeds
numerous, small, oblong, fusiform or incurved, angular; testa
reddish, reticulate, somewhat loose,
Bowkeria. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 219
Shrubs or trees; leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, penninerved, usually
ternate ; inflorescence axillary or subterminal.
DistriB. Species 5, endemic.
Peduncles mostly 1-flowered; style 1-4 in. long; .
leaves sessile or subsessile ; style 4 in. long:
Calyx 4-2 in. long ‘4 is Gs
Calyx 1-4 in. long ie ‘ae 3 ;
Peduncles 3-6-flowered ; style $-1 in. long; leaves
sessile :
Filaments bent and thickened near the base ... (3) gerrardiana,
Filaments not bent near the base : ... (4) triphylla.
Cymes often many-flowered ; style ~—} in. long;
leaves shortly petiolate... sis a ... (5) cymosa,
(1) simpliciflora.
(2) velutina,
1. B. simpliciflora (MacOwan in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 390); a
much-branched shrub, 4-5 ft. high, or a small tree ; branches pubes-
cent, ternate or sometimes quaternate ; leaves mostly ternate, rarely
binate or quaternate, oblong, oblong-ovate or oval-lanceolate, some-
what acute or narrowed at or towards the apex, sessile or sub-
sessile, crenate, repand-denticulate or subentire, thin, pubeseent on
both faces, rugulose, 1-5 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; veins somewhat
prominent beneath; flowers about 1 in. long and % in, in diam. [
peduncles mostly 1-flowered, pubescent, inserted in the upper axils,
4-1 in. long, bibracteate near the apex ; bracts ovate, acute, about
+ in. long, eaducous ; calyx resinous, 1? in. long; segments broadly
ovate or oblong, mucronate or acuminate ; corolla ovoid, inflated ;
stamens 4, didynamous, quite included within the corolla; ovary
3-celled; style 4 in. long; capsule ovoid or shortly cylindrical,
persisting for a long time, septicidally 3-valved, {-} in. long.
Trichocladus verticillatus, Lekl. § Zeyh. Enum. Pl. Afr. Austr. 356,
m. 2271. B. triphylla, Sonder in Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 325,
not of Harvey. LB. triphylla, var. pubescens, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.
Pl, iii. ii. 230, partly. ;
Coasr Region: Stockenstrom Div.; mountains near Seymour, 5000 ft.,
Scully in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 592! Queenstown Div. ;
among rocks on the Winter Berg, Ecklon §- Zeyher! top of Chumie Mountain and
Gaikas Kop, Bowker! Mrs. Barber, 21! King Williamstown Div.; Buffalo
River Mountains, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 2025!
KALAHARI REGION: Orange River Colony;
Mount-aux-Sources, 6000 ft., Flanagan, 2000! ‘ :
‘ ; ia, 2500-3000 ft., Bawr, 206! Griqua-
EasterN Re@ion: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 20 ’ etic Gal
land East; Fort Donald, Tyson, 1638! Insiswe, 6000 ft.,
forest-edges at St. Augustine, 2500-3000 ft., Bawr, 206! Natal; edge of wood
at Van Reenen, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 5256!
2. B. velutina (Harv. MSS.); a shrub, 4-6 ft. high ; branches
numerous, branched, terete ; branchlets more or less softly pubescent
or velvety, leafy ; internodes short ; leaves ternate, narrowly oval or
elliptic-oblong, usually narrowed towards both ends or apiculate,
subsessile, velvety, smooth above, rather paler ane. with raised
venation beneath, distinetly serrulate, 1}—-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad,
usually revolute on the margin at least in the dry state; peduncles
along the Elands River, near
220 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Bowkeria,
axillary, velvety-puberulous, bibracteate above the middle, 1-flowered,
8_] in. long, bent at the insertion of the bracts, rather thickened
towards the apex; bracts opposite, caducous ; flowers about } in.
long ; calyx-segments ovate or oval, somewhat viscid-glandular,
obtuse, 1-1 in. long; corolla about 2 in. in diam., cream-eoloured,
wax-like; style 1 in. long, persistent for a long time ; fruit 3-} in.
long, ovoid, blunt, about 1 in. broad, septicidally 3-valved ; seeds
numerous, small, chestnut-coloured or paler, irregularly pyramidal or
almost amorphous, nearly straight or bent.
Eastern Rueion : Natal, Ndwandwe Div, ; at Emnyati, Gerrard, 1212!
8. B. gerrardiana (Harv. MSS.) ; a shrub, 8-10 ft. high, glabrous
below; branchlets hirsute with short whitish spreading soft hairs,
leafy ; bark pallid; leaves ternate, oval-lanceolate, mostly acumi-
nate, more or less narrowed to the sessile base, firmly chartaceous,
shortly pubescent or glabrous except the veins beneath, with shallow
depressed venation and not rugose above, paler beneath, 2-6 in. long,
3-12 in. broad, serrulate ; peduncles hirsute or shortly pubescent,
1-12 in. long, mostly 3-6-flowered; pedicels 1—% in. long, bi-
bracteate, usually bibracteolate near the apex ; bracts mostly lanceo-
late, acute, deciduous, 1—2 in. long; bracteoles lanceolate or sub-
linear, 4-1 in. long, caducous; flowers 3 in. long, 2—3 in. broad ;
calyx 1-1 in. long, viscid ; segments ovate or oval, mostly pointed or
apiculate ; corolla white, urceolate, much eompressed, tough, viscid
outside, strongly rue-scented; stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments
bent and thickened near the base, curving round the style, glabrous ;
style 4 in. long, glabrous ; capsule 1—3 in. long,
R
3
EasteRN Recion: Natal; near York, Gerrard § McKen, 2025! Upper
Umceomaas (Umkomanzi) River, 3500 ft., Adlam! bank of a small stream at
Blinkwater, near York, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 883! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. H.
Hutton, 75! 94! 201! and without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders!
VV 4. B. triphylla (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 24, t. 37); a glabrous, sub-
glabrous or pubescent shrub or tree ;_ branehes virgate, pale reddish
buff, somewhat trigonous towards the apex, leafy ; leaves mostly
ternate, oval-lanceolate, apiculate, rounded or obtuse at the sessile
base, serrulate, somewhat or scarcely rugose above, pale resinous-
dotted, nerved and veined beneath, 2-4 in. long, 2-14 in. broad ;
cymes subterminal, 3-flowered, bracteate ; common pedunele 1-14 in.
long; pedicels 2 in. long; bracts ovate, acute, scarious, deciduous,
3-z In. long; flowers about * in. long by 2 in. broad; calyx-
segments shortly acuminate, acute, exuding viscid resin, 4 in.
long; corolla more than twice as long as the calyx, egg-shaped ;
upper lip vaulted, with a flattish narrow limb, bifid at the top;
lower lip pouch-like, with a deeply 3-lobed limb ; ovary 2- or 3-
or style }in. long. Not of Sonder in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i.
Coasr Reaion: Albany Div., Bowker! Mrs. W. F. Barber (Miss Bowker) !
Bowkeria.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 221
O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 230, gives two varieties of this species as
follows :—
a, subglabra; a shrub, 10 ft. high; leaves glabrous or somewhat pubescent
on the nerves, glandular-punctate—Coast Recion : King Williamstown Div. ;
Perie wood, nearly 2000 ft., Kuntze.
B, pubescens; a tree; leaves pubescent on both faces, less glandular-punctate
—KEastErn Region: Natal; Van Reenens Pass, 6250 ft., Kuntze.
Each of these varieties was observed to have forms with leaves rugose and
with leaves not rugose; the rugose form of a subglabra was seen from Natal
(Wood, 883! which is B. gerrardiana, Harv.); and the smooth form of 8
pubescens was collected by Scully (592) and is B, simpliciflora, MacOwan.
5. B. cymosa (MaeOwan in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 390, in note) ;
a leafy, bushy shrub, 8 ft. high; young stems downy; branches
pubescent; leaves terete, lanceolate-oblong or ovate, acutely acumi-
nate, obtuse or rounded at the shortly petiolate base, entire or
serrulate, puberulous or glabrescent above, paler beneath and pubes-
cent especially along the somewhat prominent veins, rugulose, 1-6 in.
long, }-2 in. broad ; petioles 2-1 in. long; cymes axillary, many-
flowered, twice or thrice trichotomous, pubescent, bracteate, 1;-3 in.
long; bracts small, lanceolate, acute, ;1,-} in. long; pedicels
bibracteolate, slender, 12 in. long ; flowers about } in, long; calyx
hemispherical, 2 in. long; segments oval or roundly ovate, very
obtuse, shortly pubescent, ciliate, 1-1 in. long, To-s, in. broad ;
corolla white streaked with pink, red inside, + in. in diam. ; upper
lip subrotund, very obtuse, emarginate or shortly bifid, }—} in. long,
zo In. broad ; lower lip subglobose, inflated, reeurved on the margin,
7-$ in. long, } in. high, very shortly 3-lobed at the apex ; two
longer stamens exserted, 1—1 in. long, with a dilated tooth near
the base; two shorter stamens included, ;},—-} in. long; anthers
reddish blue; ovary 2-celled ; style ;;-7 in. long; capsule ovoid,
minutely glandular, acute, 11 in. long, + in. broad. B. calceo-
larioides, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 120,
Katanari Recion: Transvaal; in woods near MacMae, J. H. McLea in
Herb. Bolus, 3001! Rimers Creek, near Barberton, 2900 ft., Thorneroft, 121
(Wood, 4163)! Highland Creek, near Barberton, 3500 ft., Galpin, 775 ! Spitakop,
near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1083! and without precise locality, Mrs. Saunders,
154 (Wood, 3891)!
XXI. MANULEA, Linn.
(Nema, Berg.)
Calyx deeply 5-lobed or in some species deeply 5-cleft about }-way
down. saisly Winbiates not membranous ; segments or lobes sublinear,
ovate-lanceolate or oblong, scarcely or not at all imbricate in bud,
persistent. Corolla tardily deciduous; tube more or less slender and
usually exceeding the calyx, straight below, somewhat dilated _
often gently curved about the throat, without any spur or pouch ;
limb spreading ; lobes 5, broad or narrow, obtuse or acute, entire or
-
222 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Manulea.
eleft, imbricate in bud, nearly equal or the two posterior shorter,
the posterior exterior in the bud. Stamens didynamous, inserted on
the throat or upper half of the corolla-tube, glabrous; filaments fili-
form, short; anthers by confluence 1-celled ; upper pair reniform,
included or shortly exserted, fertile or barren ; lower pair oblong or
reniform, included, fertile. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform, included
or shortly exserted; stigma narrowly subclavate, entire, obtuse ;
ovules numerous. Capsule septicidal, valves bifid at the apex; seeds
numerous, rugose, not winged.
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely undershrubs, nearly glabrous or more or
less pubescent or tomentose; leaves sometimes all radical and rosulate, sometimes
also cauline and opposite or the uppermost alternate, entire or dentate, the floral
smaller or bract-like; inflorescence simply racemose or spicate or oftener com-
pound, thyrsoid or paniculate, terminal ; flowers numerous or several, usually
not turning black in drying; calyx ebracteate or with small free bracts at the
base.
Distris. Species 35, of which 2 are Tropical African,
The technical distinction between this genus and Sutera is very uncertain; the
two genera are united by O. Kuntze in Rev. Gen. Pl. III. ii. 235 under the
common name of Manulea, Linn. Manulea intertexta, Herb. Banks. ex Benth.
in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372, is Selago decumbens, Thunb,
* Flowers racemose, spicate or at first subcapitate :
{ Corolla-lobes obovate, oblong, oval or rotund,
obtuse :
Calyx bilabiate-bipartite; upper lip bifid;
lower lip trifid ne .. (1) nervosa,
Calyx deeply 5-lobed, not ‘pilabiate :
t Inflorescence hispidulous, puberulous or
nearly glabrous :
Leaves all or mostly radical and
rosulate :
Pedicels elongating in fruit ... (2) silenoides.
Pedicels very. short, not much
elongating in fruit :
Corolla-tube 1-3 in. long,
about half as rs? nyse as
the calyx .. . (3) fragrans.
Corolla-tube 43 in. long,
about twice as long as
the calyx :
Corolla-throat papillose-
pubescent ; anthers all :
included _,,, ... (4) benthamiana.
Corolla-throat naked ;
smaller pair of anthers
exserted or nearly
OS a vis ... (5) bellidifolia.
Leaves cauline as well as radical :
Corolla-lobes entire or nearly
80:
Flowers about 4 in. long ;
pedicels ranging up to 4 ‘
or 4 in. long ve ... (6) arabidea.
Flowers about 3 in. long;
pedicels in. long or gs
ye mead ere
Manulea.} SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern), 223
Corolla-lobes bifid at the apex
andincised —... ee ... (8) incisiflora.
{{_ Inflorescence glandular-pubescent ... (9) altissima,
+t Corolla-lobes ovate or lanceolate oy .-- (10) pusilla,
** Flowers arranged in a more or less compound
thyrsoid or paniculate inflorescence :
+ Corolla-lobes obtuse:
Calyx 5-cleft; lobes about half as long as the
calyx or at first membranously connate above
the base or to the middle ;
Plant shrubby, hoary i
Plants herbaceous, not hoary :
Calyx tomentose ; corolla-throat crowded
at the back with clavate hairs ... (12) thodeana,
Calyx puberplous or glabrous; corolla-
throat naked :
Root perennial or rarely annual ;
... (11) incana,
corolla-tube 3-} in. long .. (13) crassifolia.
Root annual; corolla-tube 3-3 in.
long fie is — .. (14) corymbosa.
Calyx deeply 5-lobed :
Stems scape-like, leafy only or almost only
at the base; root annual :
Flowers about 4 in. long; pedicels
about 4 in. long ae at ... (15) minor,
Flowers about 4-3 in. long; pedicels
Js in. long or less... we ... (16) androsacea,
Stems more or less leafy above the base, not
scape-like ; root usually perennial :
Corolla-tube glabrous outside except at
the top ; plants glabrous or puberulous :
Stems erect or ascendiag ; flowers
4-2 in. long; leaves oblanceolate
or sublinear :
Flowers subspicate, 4-3 in.
long “i 5 .+. (17) laxa.
Flowers paniculate, }-3 in.
long ay ae ..- (18) leiostachys.
Stems decumbent ; flowers §—} in.
long ; leaves elliptical or obovate (19) obovata.
Corolla-tube papillose-puberalous outside
or plant shaggy -
Stems decumbent :
Leaves petiolate, toothed or
incise-dentate aes ... (20) rubra,
Leaves sessile or the lower
shortly petiolate, entire or
repand ue ‘a s+» (21) obtusa,
Stems erect or ascending :
Flowers usually 8-4 in. long... (22) cephalotes.
Flowers }-4 in. long:
Delicately pubescent ; in-
florescence loosely thyr-
Spid 3... cs ... (23) thyrsifiora.
Scabrid-pubescent or glab-
rous ; inflorescence ;
densely thyrsoid ... (24) densiflora.
Flowers 4-} in. long:
Hoary-pubescent ; calyx ts4
in. long; leaves elliptical ;
or obovate ‘a ... (25) paniculata.
224. SCROPHULAKIACE® (Hiern). [Manulea.
Glandular-puberulous ; calyx
sats in. long; leaves
oblong-spathulate or ob- :
lanceolate ... vee ... (26) parviflora.
Corolla-tube scabrid-pubescent outside (27) rigida.
Corolla-tube finely glandular-tomentose
outside ... os ve Ee ... (28) tomentosa.
{t Corolla-lobes (at least the posterior) acute :
Perennials :
Pubescent; leaves mostly broadly ovate:
Flowers about 1-} in. long; plant
intricately branched se ... (29) stellata.
Flowers about }-1 in. long; plant
loosely branched ... ie ... (30) virgata.
Nearly glabrous ; leaves obovate or spathu-
late Sy ee ee
Annuals :
Flowers about 2 in. long; calyx }-}in. long (32) Cheiranthus.
Flowers about + in. long; calyx ;';—75 in. :
long ec acute (aay
(31) campestris.
1. M. nervosa (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
i. 381); an erect herb, 4-6 in. high, shortly puberulous, densely
leafy and branched at the crown of the root, annual; branches simple,
erect or ascending, scape-like, rather rigid; leaves radical, rosulate,
obovate or oblanceolate, rounded at the apex, attenuate into the
petiole, entire, repand or sparingly dentate, rather glossy, $-1 m.
long, 1-2 in. broad, glabrous or minutely papillose ; petioles {-% 1m.
long; flowers about 1-8 in. long, numerous, racemose ; racemes
terminal, simple, dense above, rather lax below, 11-4} in. long;
. pedicels 1~2 in. long, erect-patent, shortly puberulous, bracteate at
the base ; bracts ovate or lanceolate, ;4,—,1, in. long ; calyx glandular-
puberulous outside, ebracteate, about + in. long, bilabiate-bipartite ;
lips about equal in length, the upper bifid about }-way down
with the lips membranously connate below in flower, the lower
lip similarly trifid, all the lobes nearly equal, erect, ovate or lanceo-
late and subobtuse or subacute ; corolla-tube subglabrous, obsoletely
glandular outside, rather slender, slightly dilated and curved about
the upper half, about 2+ in. long; limb spreading, 5-lobed, mem-
branous, veined, about 4’; in. in diam.; lobes broadly obovate ot
slightly emarginate or entire, glabrous, often blistered on the baek,
about 1 in. in diam., two of them more approximated, quite entire
and rather smaller than the other three; stamens didynamous,
glabrous; one pair of anthers reniform, transverse, placed near the
mouth of the ecorolla-tube, about 5}; in. long; the other pair linear-
oblong, placed lower down in the upper half of the corolla-tube,
about ;); in. long; style filiform; stigma entire, narrowly clavate-
oblong, about 4; in. long, reaching the corolla-mouth ; ovary glab-
rous, ovoid-prolonged, obtuse, slightly compressed, } in. long;
capsule ovoid, 3-1 in. long, glabrous, septicidal ; seeds numerous, —
transversely furrowed, glabrous, about 3; in. long and jy in. broad,
obtuse at both ends, slightly curved ; fruiting calyx deeply 5-lobed.
DC. Prodr. x. 363. ie
Manulea. | SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern), 225
WesTERN Region: Little Namaqualand; on flats at Silver Fontein, near
Ookiep, 2000 ft., Drege, 3132! on hills by the Buftels River, 1600 ft., Schlechter,
11263! and without precise locality, Scully, 141! Little Bushmanland, Keu-
zabies, Max Schlechter, 108 !
2. M. silenoides (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 381) ; an annual herb, erect, glabrous or slightly puberulous,
branched at the base or simple, 1-6 in. high, somewhat glossy ; stem
or branches scape-like, erect or ascending, leafy at the base, naked
above or nearly so ; leaves elliptical or obovate, obtuse, wedge-shaped
at the base, petiolate, entire, repand or dentate, mostly radical or
subradieal, 1-12 in. long, 1—% in. broad; petioles ;+,—3 in. long ;
upper leaves few or absent, narrow; flowers yellow, about sie in.
long, numerous or several, racemose ; racemes simple, subcapitate or
oblong, short, or in fruit elongating, terminal, 1~8 in. long; pedicels
rather short or the lower in fruit up to 2 in. long, alternate, bracteate
at the base ; bracts linear or subulate, 5’; 5 in. long ; calyx ;4,—} in.
long in flower, 1—1 in. long in fruit, 5-partite, ebracteolate ; segments
linear, obtuse, puberulous or papillose ; corolla-tube rather slender,
shortly or scarcely exceeding the calyx, nearly glabrous or papillose
outside ; lobes spreading, ;4;-} in. long, obovate or oblong, obtuse,
cleft or retuse at the apex; mouth glabrous; stamens included ;
capsules ovoid, slightly compressed, glabrous, }-} in. long. DC.
Prodr. x. 363 ; not of Drege in Linnea, xx. 199.
Var. 8, minor (E. Meyer ex Benth. ll. ce.) ; flowers rather smaller than
usual in the type.
Coast Region : Clanwilliam Div. ; near Clanwilliam, 300-350 ft., Schlechter,
8021! 5058! Worcester Div.; Hex River Valley, Wolley Dod, 4009! : ;
WestTERN Region: Little Namaqualand, 2000-3200 ft.; Karakuis, Drege !
near Ookiep, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5741! 5742! near Modder rien
Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 667 ! and without precise locality, Scully, 2! ay
Var. B: Little Namaqualand ; Modder Fontein, 1500-2000 ft., ee oe
Vanrhynsdorp Div.; between Zwartdoorn River and Mieren Kasteel, below
1000 ft., Drége, 3140!
3. M. fragrans (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. Jatt
annual herb, erect, glabrous or very nearly 80, rather gion pms ~
and leafy at the crown of the root, 2-6 in. high ; stems an epee:
erect or ascending, scape-like or with a few leaves se t A .
rather slender and firm; leaves mostly radical and rosulate, obovate
or spathulate, rounded or very obtuse at the apex, mosey
the petiole, entire or distantly denticulate, rather thin, {~1 in. long,
3-2 in. broad ; petioles 2—% in. long; flowers numerous, racemose,
ett ij Ee hing 1_ in. long in flower and to
~~ *-¢ in. long ; pedicels very short, up to ;'y In. Jong eat Gee
« in. long in fruit, the upper very short; racemes —— : ;
coming + as long as the stems, shorter in flower j $ a,
subulate, at the base of the pedicels, s'g-1’s in. long; calyx deep y
5-lobed, ty-z'5 in. long in flower, z9-5 12. long in fruit; cc
linear, erect, obtuse or scarcely pointed, minutely or obsoletely
VOL. IV.—sEcrT. 1. a
926 SCROPHULARIACE A: (Hiern). [Manulea.
glandular; corolla fragrant, cream-coloured; tube rather slender,
1-1 in. long, minutely glandular outside ; limb spreading, j-5 i.
in diam., glabrous above ; lobes oval or oblong, obtuse, entire or
bifid at the apex, =, in. long; mouth glabrous; stamens and
style included; capsules ovoid, glabrous or minutely or obsoletely
glandular-puberulous, =1,—+ in. long.
WestEeRN ReGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; on gravelly hills by the Zout River,
450 ft., Schlechter, 8110!
The following are probably forms or varieties of this species :—
Soutn AFRicA: without locality, Drége, 3136b ! :
CENTRAL RxeGIon: Calvinia Div.; Brand Vley, Johanssen, 4! Ceres Div. ;
at Ongeluks River, Burchell, 1229! Fraserburg Div.; between Klein Quaggas”
Fontein and Dwaal River, Burchell, 1447! Sutherland Div. ; on the Reggeveld,
near Jakhals Fontein, Burchell, 1324! Somerset Div. ; on karroo-like plains, near.
Pearston, 2700 ft., Bolus, 1861!
Burchell, 1324, is the plant mentioned by Burchell. Trav. S. Afr. i. 258, as
belonging to a genus allied to Buchnera; also Burchell, 1447, is one of the
2 species of Erinus, t.c. i. 277.
4. M. benthamiana (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, simple or
somewhat divided at the base, slightly puberulous, not or scarcely
glossy, 3-15 in. high; stems or branches scape-like, erect OF —
ascending, leafy at and near the base, above naked or sparingly -
leafy ; lower leaves crowded, elliptical, obovate or oblanceolate, obtuse, —
wedge-shaped at the base, petiolate, nearly glabrous, more or less —
strongly toothed or subentire, 1-11 in. long, 1—% in. broad ; petioles —
4-1 in. long; upper leaves few, narrow, toothed or entire, alternate
or subopposite, smaller, subsessile; flowers mostly 3—$ in. long, —
numerous, racemose, white; racemes simple, subcapitate in flower,
rather oblong and lax below in fruit, 1-3 in. long ; pedicels very
short or the lower 4—1 in, long, bracteate at or near the base ; bracts
sublinear or subulate like the calyx-segments or uppermost leaves,
ss in. long or sometimes longer; calyx mostly 2—} in. long, deeply
5-lobed, ebracteolate ; segments linear or lanceolate-subulate, mostly
37 in. long, puberulous, ciliolate, often spreading above ; corolla- 3
tube rather slender, somewhat flexuous or bent, papillose-pubescent
or pulverulent outside, about twice as long as the calyx; lobes —
obovate or rotund, retuse or subentire at the apex, somewhat un-
equal, ;;—;5 in. long; throat papillose-pubescent, yellow ; stamens
included ; capsules oval, subglabrous, 2 in. long. Manulea corym-
bosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 381, and in DC. Prodr.
363 ; not of Linn. f. nor of Thunb. M. silenoides, Drége in Linna4, —
xx. 199, not of EH. Meyer.
Coast Rxeaion:; Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Wind Hoek, 300 ft., Schlechter, 8070! :
Piquetberg Div. ; on hills behind Piquiniers Kloof, 700 ft. (a form with longer
bracts than usual), Schlechter, 10750! Malmesbury Div. ; between Groene
Kloof (Mamre) and Saldanha Bay, below 500 ft., Drege, 4196! in sandy places
between Darling and Salt-pan, Bolus, 6230! Caledon Div. ; Klein River Moun-
tains, 1000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 3499! Cape Div.; Cape Flats between Blue Berg
and Tyger Berg, below 500 ft., Drége ! Bathurst Div.; sandy places near
mouth of the Fish River, 100 ft., MacOwan, 1445! o
Manulea.] SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern), 227
5. M. bellidifolia (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 382); an
annual herb, erect, puberulous, branched at or near the base or
simple, 3-16 in. high, not or scarcely glossy ; stem or basal branches
scape-like or sparingly leafy, ereét or aseending, leafy at the base ;
lower leaves subradieal, rosulate, oblanceolate or elliptical, rounded or
at least very obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, rather thick, crenu-
late, dentate-pinnatifid or subentire, glabrous or minutely pulverulent,
3-8} in. long, 1—2 in. broad; petioles 1-1 in. long ; upper leaves
few, subsessile ; flowers 1_2 in. long, yellow, pale-buff or milk-white,
several or numerous, racemose, at first capitate, at length elongating
and subspieate ; racemes short or in fruit up to 6 in. long; pedicels
up to 2 in, long, bracteate at or above the base; bracts subulate, .
puberulous, usually not exceeding the pedicels; calyx minutely
puberulous or subglabrous, deeply 5-lobed, 4-4 in. long; segments
linear or lanceolate, obtuse ; corolla-tube minutely papillose, rather
slender, about twice as long as the calyx, somewhat curved or nearly
straight ; throat naked ; lobes obovate or oblong, entire or nearly so,
jst in. long; one pair of stamens included, the other projecting or
appearing at the mouth of the corolla and barren; capsules oval,
glabrous, about 1—1 in. long, mostly distant. DC. Prodr. x. 364 ;
Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 62, t. 197. WM. crassifolia, Benth. in Hook. 1.c.
and in DC. Le, partly.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1282! !
Coast Reaion: Alexandria Div. ; Quaggas Flats, Ecklon! Bathurst Div. ;
near Theopolis, BurehelZ, 4098! Albany Div.; at Linch’s Post, Bowie! and
without precise locality, Miss Bowker ! Queenstown Div.; by the Klipplaats
River, near Shiloh, 3500 ft., Drége, 7919c! Baur, 769! 940! near the Zwart Kei
River, Miss Bowker, 231! Mrs. Barber, 315! Wylde Drive, near Queenstown,
3700 ft., Galpin, 2387! Upper Oxkraal River, Baur! and without precise
locality, Cooper, 369! 2864! .
Centra, REGION: Somerset Div.; Bowker! Aliwal North Div.; stony and
rocky places on the Witte Bergen, 7000-8000 ft., Drége, 79190 !
6. M. arabidea (Schlechter MSS.) ; an annual herb, erect, slender,
rather shining, minutely glandular-puberulous, 2-41 in. high, loosely
branched ; leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate, cauline and
radical, elliptical, obovate or oblanceolate, rounded or very ices
attenuate into the petiole, repand or denticulate, membranous, }—1 in.
long, "2 in. broad ; petioles up to 2 in. long ; flowers racemose, at
first subeapitate, rather numerous, about } in. long ; pedicels up to
about 1-1 in, long, rather slender, the upper shorter ; bracts filiform
or narrowly spathulate, the lower 1—} in. long, alternate, the upper
subulate, smaller; calyx deeply 5-lobed, 73~-z's in. long, glandular ;
Segments narrowly oval, obtuse, somewhat concave ; —.
minutely or obsoletely glandular outside, rather slender, meee -
funnei-shaped towards the top; mouth finely i a
limb spreading, about 1-1 in, in diam. ; lobes roundly oval, entire or
nearly so, about ;1,—1 in. long ; anthers all reniform, one pair Ruortly
exserted ; style shortly exserted ; capsules roundly oval, about ;'; In.
ong. :
Q 2
228 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Manulea.
Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; on hills at Lamm Kraal, 1000 ft.,
Sehlechtev, 10848!
7. M. Burchellii (Hiern) ; an annual herb, erect, branched, not
glossy, glandular-puberulous, about 1 ft. high; branches erect-
patent, rather slender, mostly simple and nearly straight; leaves
cauline as well as radical, linear or oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowing to
the sessile or subsessile base, subentire or sparingly dentate, }-1; 1.
long, ,,-; in. broad; flowers about + in. long, numerous, rather
distant or the upper approximate, ochraceous, racemose; racemes
spike-like, 11-6 in. long; pedicels jj, in. long or shorter; bracts
subulate, ;1;-;4, in. long, glandular-puberulous ; calyx about 4 10.
-long, deeply 5-lobed, glandular-puberulous ; segments sublinear or
lanceolate-subulate ; corolla-tube glandular-puberulous outside for its
whole length, rather slender; limb glabrous within; lobes oval-
oblong, obtuse, entire or nearly so, 7; in. long; stamens included ;
726 2s
capsules ovoid, about equalling the calyx.
Katawart Reeion: Bechuanaland ; between Moshowa River and Chue Viey,
Burchell, 2403!
8. M. incisiflora (Hiern); an annual herb, suberect, slender,
branched, about 9 in. high; branches sparingly leafy, ascending ;
leaves cauline as well as radical, oblanceolate or spathulate, obtuse,
attenuate to the base, subentire, sparingly dentate or crenulate,
3—¢ in. long, ;';—} in. broad ; petioles up to + in. long; upper leaves
alternate, subsessile or shortly petiolate, the lower opposite ; flowers
racemose, about | in. long; pedicels mostly 1—% in. long; racemes
rather lax, elongated; calyx narrow, minutely glandular, 5-partite,
about 4 in. long or rather more ; segments linear, obtuse, erect ;
corolla-tube slender, equalling the calyx or somewhat exceeding it,
minutely glandular outside ; limb spreading, about 1 in. in diam. ;
lobes rounded, bifid at the apex and incise; throat glabrous, some-
what corrugated; stamens and style included within the eorolla-
tube ; capsules shortly oval, glabrous, ,—,), in. long.
5 Sieh aaa Reeion: Little Namaqualand ; without precise locality, White-
é .
7 9. M. altissima (Linn. f. Suppl. 286); an erect herb, pered-
‘ mial or annual, more or less woody at the base, not glossy, usual y
divided at or near the base, more or less viscid-pubescent with whitish
slender or weak hairs and small sessile scattered glands, 9-24 in.
high, leafy about the base; stems or branches erect or ascending,
scape-like, leafless or with only a few narrow leaves; lower leaves
spathulate, sublinear or elliptic-oblong, obtusely narrowed or nearly —
rounded, attenuate towards the base, denticulate or nearly entire, —
1-3 in. long, {1-2 in. broad; petioles up to 3-12 in. long; Upper
leaves alternate, entire or subentire, linear, smaller, sessile ; flowers —
3-s in. long, numerous, racemose, pubescent; racemes glandular- —
pubescent, short and dense in flower, elongating in fruit, Whee
Manulea. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 229
long ; pedicels short, 3-1 in. long, bracteate at or above the base ;
bracts linear-subulate, mostly exceeding the pedicels; calyx deeply
5-lobed, glandular-pubescent, 1-1 in. long, persistent; segments
lanceolate-subulate, obtuse or in fruit acute, at length spreading
above; corolla yellow; tube pubeseent; limb spreading, usually
4-$ in. in diam.; lobes rounded, subentire or erenulate-undulate ;
throat glabrous or nearly so; stamens included; capsules glabrous,
about + in. long and } in. broad. Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fl. Cap.
ed. Schult. 472; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 382, and in
DC. Prodr. x. 363. M. scabra, Wendl. ex Steud. Nomencel. Bot.
ed. 2, ii. 99 (name only).
Var. 8, longifolia (Hiern); lower leaves oblanceolate, puberulous ; corolla-
limb 2-2 in, in diam. M. longifolia, Benth. in Hook., l.c., and in DC., le.,
364.
Var. y, glabricaulis (Hiern) ; stems scape-like, glabrous; corolla-limb }-1 in.
in diam.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg / Zeyher, 273! Masson! :
Coast Rueton, below 1000 ft.: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; near Holle River,
Drege, 1321b! Wind Hoek, Schlechter, 8359! Clanwilliam Div.; near Clan-
william, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9069! Schlechter, 5053! on a mountain in
Long Valley, Zeyher, 1294! Langefontein, Ecklon, 114! Malmesbury Div. ;
between Groene Kloof and Saldanha Bay, Drége, 132la! Eeklon, 226! Var. B:
Vanrhynsdorp Div.; on sandy hills at Ebenezar, Drége, 3139b ! : ie:
Western ReGion: Var. y: Namaqualand; Spektakel Mountain, Morris in
Herb. Bolus, 5744! Modderfontein, Whitehead! and without precise locality, :
Scully, 179! 262! and in MacOwan S Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric.,
1332!
10. M. pusilla (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
i, 8384) ; an annual herb, slightly puberulous, not or scarcely glossy,
densely branched at the base, 1-3} in. high; branches usually
numerous, procumbent, ascending or erect, 1-4 in. long, rather
slender ; leaves mostly basal, obovate or spathulate, rounded at the
apex, attenuate at the base, glabrous or nearly so, repand or subentire,
4-2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad; petioles mostly }-$ in. long; upper
leaves few, smaller, subsessile ; flowers numerous, about } in. long,
subracemose, the upper crowded ; racemes subspicate, subsimple,
elongating in fruit; pedicels ;',-j in. long, bracteate at or above
the base; bracts subulate, nearly glabrous or minutely papillose,
about ,", in. long; calyx glandular-puberulous or in fruit subglabrous,
deeply 5-lobed, ;1,—7; in. long; segments sublinear or oblong ;
corolla-tube nearly glabrous, shortly or searcely exceeding the calyx ;
limb 1-1 in. in diam.; lobes ovate or lanceolate; one pair of
stamens appearing at the mouth of the corolla or included, the other
ineluded ; capsules ovoid or ellipsoidal, glabrous, about } in. long.
DC. Prodr. x. 366. ;
Van. 8, insignifiora (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 479) ; flowers twice as large
a8 in the type, with the vorolla-lobes often less acuminate. co
CENTRAL Reoton: Var. 8: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer. _
Western Raion: Little Namaqualand; in rocky places at Silver Fontein,
230 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Manulea
2000-3000 ft., Drage, 3136! Vanrbynsdorp Div. ; Zout River, 450 ft., Schlechter,
8108 !
I have not seen the variety.
11. M. incana (Thunb. Prodr. 101); shrubby and much branched
below, wiry-herbaceous and hoary papillose above, erect or ascending,
41-6 in. high; branches leafy below, simple above up to the
inflorescence, flexuose-erect, hoary, unequal ; leaves opposite, approx!-
mated at and near the base of the branches, narrowly oval or
oblanceolate, obtusely narrowed or rounded, attenuate to the base,
rather thickly hoary on both faces, somewhat dentate, especially above,
11 in. long, 71 in. broad, ereet; petioles 1—2 in. long; flowers
thyrsoid-racemose, erect, mostly opposite, about +—1 in. long; bracts
lanceolate-linear, ;4,—! in. long or less, hoary ; pedicels 1-3 together,
ds in. long, hoary ; racemes subfastigiate, 1-11 in. long; calyx
unequally 5-cleft, hoary, glandular-pulverulent, 1-1 in. long; lobes
ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or searcely acute, ;3;—1 in. long; corolla
orange-coloured, hoary, tomentose-puberulous outside ; tube shortly
or scarcely exceeding the ealyx; limb spreading, }—» in. in diam.,
glabrous above; mouth glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, oblong, obtuse,
entire, ,1;—1; in. long; stamens and style included ; capsules obleng-
ellipsoid, obsoletely-glandular, about 1-1 in. long, 1-3/5 in. broad.
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 468; Benth. in Hook. Comp, Bot, Mag. 1. 382,
and in DC. Prodr. x. 364.
South Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Masson!
12. M. thodeana (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 479); an erect
herb, 8-10 in. high; stem simple, pubescent, shaggy above, few-
leaved ; radical leaves oblong-spathulate, obtuse, attenuate towards
the base into the broad petiole, obsoletely dentate, glabrescent, 2 in.
long, about + in, broad ; upper leaves similar but smaller, subsessile
and pubescent ; thyrsus short, cylindrical, dense; flowers crowded,
subsessile ; calyx tomentose; segments linear, 2+ in. long, mem-
branously connate nearly up to the middle; corolla yellow; tube
tomentose, gibbous at the apex behind, + in. long, 3;—7's in- broad ;
lobes ovate, 4 in. long, +; in. broad; throat at the back crowded —
with clavate hairs ; posterior pair of stamens included, anthers of
the anterior pair shortly exserted.
Katanari Reqion: Orange River Colony ; Mont-aux-Sources, 7000-3000 ft.,
Thode, 72!
13. M. crassifolia (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 382); am
erect herb, rigid or robust, somewhat glossy, glabrous or somewhat
puberulous, perennial or rarely annual, 8-60 in. high, usually
branched at the crown of the root; stem or radical branches leafy
chiefly below ; leaves oblong-elliptie or oblanceolate, obtuse, wedge-—
shaped at the base, petiolate or subsessile, subentire or dentieulate,
$—41 in. long by -1+ in. broad or longer, rather thick ; petioles U
M. anulea.] SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern). 231
to {-l; in. long ; flowers numerous, thyrsoid, 1—} in. long, glandular-
puberulous, white, brown, purple or buff, cymes soon elongating in
flower, oblong in fruit, glandular-puberulous, often pyramidally
divided interrupted and up to 1} ft. long or more ; ultimate pedicels
very short, subfascieulate; bracts sublinear or linear-lanceolate,
obtuse ; calyx 45-1 in. long, shortly or deeply 5-cleft; lobes at first
ovate-acuminate, oblong or sublanceolate, »,—;; in. long, mem-
branously connected at the base, afterwards deeper especially in fruit,
somewhat glandular-puberulous; corolla-tube 1-1 in. long, rather
slender, somewhat gibbous about the top, glandular-puberulous ;
limb spreading, 1—1 in. in diam., smooth and glabrous above ; throat
glabrous ; lobes oval-oblong, very obtuse, equal or nearly so, ;!;—31, in.
long ; stamens all included; capsule ovoid or ellipsoidal, glabrous,
Coast RzGion: Eastern frontier, Mrs. Barber! : \
CENTRAL REGION, on mountains at 3000-6500 ft.: Somerset Div. (Bowker ?)
38! 41! Graaff Reinet Div.; Compass Berg, Bolus, 1844! Shaw ! Murraysburg
Div.; Koudeveld Mountain, Tyson, 121! near Murraysburg, Tyson in Herb,
Bolus, 6490! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld Mountains, near Beaufort, Drége.
Wodehouse Div.; northern slopes of Andries Berg, Galpin, 5657 ; Stormberg
Range, Drége! Aliwal North Div.; Witteberg Range, Drége! Aliwal North,
Kuntze. Albert Div.; Mooi Plaats, Drége! Broughton, near Molteno, Flana-
gan, 1622! ;
Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony; Great Vet River, Burke! and
without precise locality, Cooper, 2863! Caledon River, Zeyher, 1281! near Harri-
smith, Wood, 4808! Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek, Bolus, 8229! Transvaal ;
near Kloete, Wilms, 1049! near Middleburg, Bolus, 7669! :
EasteRN ReGion: Transkei; near the [bomo River, Bowker, 785! Griqua-
land East; Mount Currie, Tyson, 1870! Natal; Liddesdale, Wood, 3935 bis!
Drakensberg Range, Evans, 381! Nottingham Road, Wood, 4397! near Catos
Ridge, Schlechter, 3257!
14. M. corymbosa (Linn. f. Suppl. 286); an erect herb, annual,
minutely Bape stats often branched and leafy at the base,
6-12 in. high ; stem or branches erect or ascending, bearing a few
leaves above the base, angular ; radical leaves rosulate, obovate or
oblanceolate, rounded, attenuate at the base, puberulous, not very
thin, more or less strongly dentate or denticulate, {-1; in. long,
sz In. broad ; petioles 1—1 in. long, dilated towards the base ; stem-
leaves narrowly oval or elliptical, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base,
more or less dentate, subsessile, 2—1 in. long, j'5—5 10. broad ; flowers
thyrsoid-racemose or subspicate, numerous, 4-5 I. long ; pedicels
short, up to 2 in. long, 1-3 together, subfasciculate or on short
subsidiary spikelets ; thyrsus short and very dense at first, elongating
and at length laxer below, 3-53 in. long ; bracts small, sublinear,
shortly adhering to the base of the pedicels, the lower larger and
subfoliaceous ; calyx about 1-1 in. long in flower, $—} in. long in
fruit, 5-cleft about half-way down and in fruit splitting down the
back and front; corolla-tube slender, papillose-puberulous outside,
somewhat curved above, ;3,—% in. long; limb spreading, about } in.
‘ : 8 : 2
in diam, ; lobes rounded, entire, 1—} in. long ; throat naked ; stamens
232 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). | Manulea.
and style included; capsules compressed, ovoid, obtuse, glabrous,
1 in. Jong; stamens didynamous, glabrous ; upper pair of anthers
very small, lower pair shortly oblong, 2; in. long. Thunb. Prodr.
102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 472, not of Benth.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Niven! Thunberg!
Coast Reeion: Malmesbury Div.; near Saldanha Bay, Masson!
15. M. minor (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 478); an annual
herb, glabrous or puberulous, 3-9 in. high; leaves radical, rosulate,
obovate, obtuse, attenuate at the base, repand or sparingly dentate,
1] in. long, 1-2 in. broad ; petioles 1—% in. long; stems several
from the crown of the root, scape-like, erect or ascending, naked or
occasionally bearing 1 or 2 leaves; racemes not quite simple, sub-
capitate in flower, more or less elongated in fruit ; pedicels about
1 in. long ; flowers Lin. long ; calyx-segments linear or linear-oblong,
;!; in. long; corolla-tube about twice as long as the calyx, minutely
or obsoletely glandular outside; lobes obovate, z;—3'; in. long,
3s-sts in. broad ; throat naked; stamens and style included ; cap-
sules ovoid, obtuse or very shortly 2-horned, y3,—} in. long, =~’: in.
broad,
Coast Recion, between 700 and 3000 ft.: Piquetberg Div. ; near Porter-
ville, Schlechter, 4914! Worcester Div.; Hex River Valley, Tyson, 633! and in
MacOwan S§° Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 668! Wolley Dod, 4009a! Bolus,
7887! Caledon Div. ; Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3499! near Hermanus-
peters Fontein, Bolus, 9856! near Houw Hoek, Bolus, 9920!
16. M. androsacea (EK. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 381); an annual herb, erect, nearly glabrous, somewhat
glossy, branched, at or near the crown of the root, 4—12 in. high;
branches scape-like, ereet or ascending ; upper branches few or none ;
leaves mostly radical or subradical and rosulate, obovate or oblanceo-
late, rounded, attenuate at the base, repand or crenulate-denticulate,
2-11 in. long, 1-2 in. broad ; petioles 1-11 in. long; upper leaves
few or none, smaller, narrow, subsessile; flowers thyrsoid, sub-
capitate, subsessile, 11 in. long, flesh-coloured ; thyrsus contracted, '
dense and subhemispherical in flower, oblong in fruit, terminal,
4-21 in. long, about } in. in diam.; pedicels very short, 3; in. long
or shorter; bracts sublinear, ~; in. long or less; calyx deeply
5-lobed, glabrous or shortly Pubsiwiclls, jt in. long; segments
sublinear ; corolla glabrous or nearly so; tube rather slender, 3-i in.
long ; limb patent, about 1-1 in. in diam.; lobes obovate, rounded
at the apex, entire or retuse; throat naked; capsules ellipsoidal,
porien: or minutely glandular, 1-1 in. long. DOC. Prodr. &:
WestERN Region: Little Namaqualand; in sandy places, near Noagas,
or 3139a! near Eleven-Mile Station, Bolus, Herb. Norm. <Aust-Afr.,
_ According to Bentham, JI. cc., the flowers are nearly sessile, mostly form-
ing a compact head, which is sometimes elongated in the manner often term
proliferous.
Manulea.| SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern), . 283
17. M. laxa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 179); rootstock
perennial or perhaps sometimes annual; stem divided at the erown
of the root or simple, erect or ascending, minutely puberulous, leafy
at the base, subglaucous, 6-30 in. high, scarcely glossy, rather slender
and rigid ; lower leaves linear-spathulate, obtuse, attenuate at the
base, entire or denticulate, 1-1} in. long, »,—;4; in. broad ; petioles
up to 3-1 in. long; upper leaves few or several, narrow, smaller,
subsessile ; flowers 4-2 in. long, subspicate, numerous, distant
exeept towards the top of the spike, subsessile or very shortly
pedicellate ; racemes spike-like, simple or nearly so or compound,
13-18 in. long, terminating the stem and branches ; pedicels .—.
in. long or shorter, braeteate at the base; bracts falling short of
the calyx; calyx rather deeply 5-lobed, ~;-}; in. long, minutely
glandular-puberulous; segments obtuse, linear-oblong ; corolla-tube
slender, glandular-papillose above outside the throat, glabrous or
nearly so below, much exceeding the calyx; throat glabrous or
minutely papillose; limb spreading, +-1 in. in diam. or a little
more ; lobes oblong or oval-oblong, entire or emarginate, obtuse,
qu-5 in. long; stamens included ; capsules ovoid, apiculate with
the remains of the style, about 1-4 in. long, glabrous or minutely
papillose.
Coast Rea@ton: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; at the foot of mountains near Wind
Hoek, 600 ft., Schlechter, 8363! Ceres Div.; Ceres, Guthrie, 2194!
Centrat REGIoNn: Ceres Div., between 2000-4500 ft.; Cold Bokkeveld,
between Ceres and Karroo Poort, Bolus, 2616! and near Klyn Vley, Schlechter,
10195!
18. M. leiostachys (Benth. in- Hook. Comp, Bot. Mag. i. 383) ;
@ rigid herb, almost shrubby at the base, perennial, erect, puberu-
lous below, glabrous above, somewhat shining, 1-2 ft, high, leafy
below ; branchlets slender, smooth, rather glossy, pale green, bearing
but few leaves, mostly nearly glabrous ; leaves opposite or alternate,
narrowly elliptical, oblanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, attenuate at the
base, sessile, subsessile or shortly petiolate, more or less toothed or
entire, more or less pubescent or glabrescent, }—-3 in. long, 3\;~§ in.
broad ; petioles ranging up to 1% in. long; flowers }~j in. long,
numerous, thyrsoid-paniculate, subfasciculate or not crowded ;
ultimate pedicels very short or slender and ,';—j in. long ; bracts
small, subulate or sublinear; cymes oblong or pyramidal, nearly
glabrous, 3-8 in. long, more or less branched; calyx deeply 5-lobed,
sas in. long; segments sublinear, ciliolate, obtuse; corolla-tube
slender, glabrous outside except near the mouth or throat where small
glands are more or less present; limb patent, symmetrical, about
« in. in diam,, smooth above, orange-coloured ; lobes oval, obtuse,
entire, about ;1, in. long; mouth glabrous ; stamens included :
capsules ovoid, glabrous, about 4 In. long. DC. Prodr. - 365;
O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 935. M. leucostachys, Drege, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 73, 115, 201.
Coast Recton, between 1000-4000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg
234 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [ Manulea.
Range, Drége! near Brandywyn River, Schlechter, 10820! Worcester Div.; :
mountains near Worcester, Rehmann, 2484! Caledon Div.; mountains of
Baviaans Kloof, Burchell, 7630! Drége! Cathcart Div.; Catheart, Kuntze.
ie 19. M. obovata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 383);
a puberulous herb, perennial, branched below, }—2 ft. high; stems
decumbent and almost shrubby at the base; branches erect or
aseending, leafy ; leaves opposite, elliptical or obovate, obtuse,
wedge-shaped at the base, erenate-dentate or somewhat incise,
1-21 in. long, 1-1 in. broad; petioles up to 1—% in. long ; flowers
numerous, thyrsoid-paniculate, about 1-1 in. long; pedicels very
short ; bracts sublinear, small; calyx deeply lobed, about ~; in. long
in flower, 4, in. long in fruit, nearly glabrous; segments linear
or oblong, obtuse ; corolla orange-coloured ; tube slender, sparingly
minutely or obsoletely glandular outside: limb spreading, }—} in. in
diam., glabrous above ; lobes oval or oblong, obtuse, ;4,—;5 in. long ;
throat naked, stamens and style included; capsules glabrous, ovoid,
— 2 in. long. DC. Prodr. x. 365; Krauss in Flora, 1844,
835.
Coast Rea@ton: Knysna Div.; on sand dunes, Zitzikamma, Krauss, 1a
Uitenhage Div. ; between Kromme River and Uitenhage, Zeyher, 3506! Por
Elizabeth Div.; Port Elizabeth, Ecklon, 587! Algoa Bay, Forbes, 73! Bath-
hurst Div.; between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3918! 3976! Kasuga
River, MacOwan, 730! 731!
CrenTRAL Reeion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Compass Berg (doubtfully be-
pa oad to this species, rootstock thick, the branches rigid, almost erect), Bolus,
7. 20. M. rubra (Linn. f. Suppl. 286); root annual or perennial ; —
stems herbaceous above, shrubby below, rigid or wiry, leafy below,
more or less shaggy with soft whitish hairs, decumbent at the base,
branched or simple, ascending above, 6—24 in. high; leaves oblanceo-
late or narrowly elliptical, obtuse, wedge-shaped or attenuate at the
base, toothed or incise-dentate, pubescent, 2-23 in. long, }-% im.
broad ; petioles up to about 1 in. long; flowers numerous, thyrsoid,
subfasciculate, 1 in. long ; ultimate pedicels short or very short,
pubescent ; bracts sublinear, obtuse, about 4 in. long; cymes elongat-
ing, interrupted below, often arranged in leafy corymbs or panicles ;
calyx deeply 5-lobed, about 2 in. long; segments linear, obtuse,
ciliate ; corolla-tube reddish or orange, papillose-puberulous on the
upper part outside, glabrous or puberulous below, slender; throat
glabrous or somewhat hairy; limb spreading, about 3 in. in diam.;
lobes oval-oblong, entire, obtuse, glabrous above, red or orange;
stamens included ; capsules ovoid-oblong, glabrous, 2-38; in. long.
Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 472; Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 383, and in DC. Prodr. x. 365; Krauss im
Flora, 1844, 835. M. hirta, Gaertn. Fruct. i. 258, t. 55, fig. 1;
Desrouss. in Lam. Encycl. iii. 707 ; Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 471; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 8367. M. tomentosa,
Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 322, not of Linn., nor of G. Don. M. angustifolia,
Link § Otto, Ic, Pl. Sel. 47, t. 20. Nemia rubra, Berg. Pl. Cap.
Manulea. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 235
161. Verbena indica languinosa fl. rubente, Barthol. Acta Hafn. ii.
57, with plate.
Var. #, Turritis (Hiern) ; leaves obovate, often doubly serrate ; corolla-tube
very slender ; lobes narrowly oval. Manulea Turvritis, Herb. Banks. ew Benth.
in Hook. Comp. Bot. May. i. 388. M. turrita, Benth. in DO. Prodr. x.
366.
Coast Rereion, between 50 and 2000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh
(Roode Zand), Thunberg! Cape Div. ; near Capetown, Bolus, 2796! Harvey,
611! Wolley Dod, 185! Simons Bay, Milne, 192! Wright ! Hout Bay, Galpin,
4389! Muizenberg, Wallich, 378! Cape Flats, Ecklon § Zeyher, 609 ! Drege,
7920a! between Capetown and the Drakensteen Mountains, Thunberg ! Krauss,
1626. Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drege. Var.8: Tulbagh Div.; New
Kloof, Drége, 7922! Steendal, Pappe! Tulbagh, Ecklon! Mitchells Pass, Bolus,
214! Schlechter, 8959! Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus, 9180! Worcester Div. ;
hills near Breede River, Bolus, 2796a!
The Manulea rubra of Thunberg’s herbarium is a less shaggy form, and the
M. hirta of the same herbarium is a more shaggy form, the latter resembling
Bentham’s M. Turritis. :
21. M. obtusa (Hiern); suffruticose, thinly tomentose, with soft
whitish hairs, branched, leafy ; branches decumbent or ascending ;
cauline leaves obovate-oblong or-linear, obtuse, narrowed towards the
base, quite entire or repand, 1—2 in. long, ;4;—} in. broad, sessile or
the lower shortly petiolate, opposite, except the uppermost ; flowers
thyrsoid, 1-1 in. long; pedicels very short; thyrsus simple or
branched, dense in flower, rather lax in fruit, elongated; calyx
deeply 5-lobed, puberulous or nearly glabrous, ~,—;), in. long in
flower, 3-3} in. long in fruit; segments linear-oblong, obtuse ;
corolla-tube nearly glabrous below, puberulous above outside, straight
or somewhat curved about the throat ; throat naked; lobes spread-
ing, oval, obtuse, entire, ;4;—;1, in. long ; stamens and style included;
capsule 1-1 in. long. :
SourH Arrica: without locality, Masson /
22. M. cephalotes (Thunb. Prodr. 101); a rigid herb, perennial,
branched at and near the crown of the woody rootstock, somewhat
glaucous, glabrous or very nearly so, 1-2} ft. high; branches erect
or ascending, rather slender, straight, virgate, leafy below, mostly
simple up to the inflorescence; leaves oblanceolate or oblong-linear,
obtuse, attenuate at the base, shortly petiolate or subsessile, strongly
toothed or pinnatifid or the upper nearly entire, more or less erect,
=—1} in. long, 4-1 in. broad, alternate; flowers numerous or several,
cymose, at first capitate-fastigiate, afterwards spicate-fastigiate, 22
in. long, usually $—1 in. long, dusky ; ultimate pedicels very short ;
eymes often pyramidally divided, 2-18 in. long or more ; bracts
sublinear, small, longer than the pedicels; calyx about + in. long,
deeply 5-lobed ; segments linear-subulate, obtuse, ciliolate ; corolla-
tube 1-1 in. long, glandular-puberulous outside; limb spreading,
about 1 in, in diam., glabrous above; lobes oval, obtuse, about
‘*y In. long; throat glabrous; stamens all ineluded; capsules
re ’ i
ovoid or ellipsoidal, glabrous, y3—; 1m. long. Fl. Cap. ed.
236 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [Manulea.
Schult. 470; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 384, and in
DC. Prodr. x. 367. M. juncea, Benth. in Hook., lc. 382, and
in DC. L.c., 364. M. pinea, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
71, 201 (name only). Sutera cephalotes, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. i.
467, excl. syn. Benth.
SourH AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg !
Coast REGION, between 1500 and 5800 ft.; Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg,
Drege, 7921! Ceres Div.; Gydouw Berg, Schlechter, 10048! at Wage Drift,
Schlechter, 10077! Worcester Div.; Hex River Mountains, Rehmann, 2701!
oa near Touws River Station, Bolus, 7362! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Ajr.,
089!
23. M. thyrsiflora (Linn. f. Suppl. 286); an erect herb, some-
what shrubby below, perennial, branched, delicately puberulous
above, 1-11 ft. high or more, leafy; branches flexuous, slender;
-stem-leaves oval or obovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, shortly
petiolate, dentate, subpuberulous, 4-12 in. long, 1—% in. broad;
flowers numerous, thyrsoid-paniculate, 1-1 in. long ; pedicels short or
iss in. long, puberulous; bracteoles small, subulate, puberulous ;
panicles comparatively lax, subthyrsoid, oblong, 3-6 in. long ; lower
bracts like the leaves but smaller; calyx ;1,—;); in. long in flower,
up to 1-1 in. long in fruit, deeply lobed, puberulous; segments
linear-oblong, erect, subacute; corolla-tube puberulous outside,
slender ; limb spreading, 3-1 in. in diam.; lobes oval-lanceolate,
obtuse or scarcely acute, ;1,—4'; in. long; throat naked; stamens and
style included ; capsules oval-oblong, 1—1 in. long. Thunb. Prodr.
102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 471; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. —
i. 383, and in DC. Prodr. x. 365.
Sour Arrica: without locality, Hermann / Thunberg! Auge!
Coast Reaion, below 500 ft.: Malmesbury Div.; between Groene Kloof and
Saldanha Bay, Drége, 1326! in sandy places near the mouth of the Berg River,
Bolus, 6299!
CentRAL Recion: Var. B, Albert Div. ; Molteno, Kuntze.
Eastern Recion: Var. y, Natal; Clairmont, Kuntze.
24. M. densiflora (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 382);
a rigid herb, perennial, scabrid-pubescent or glabrous, branched,
moderately leafy, erect, about 12 ft. high or more ; stem-leaves
oblong-linear or linear, obtuse, wedge-shaped towards the rather
broad base, sessile, dentieulate or subentire, 1—1 in. long, eo78 in.
broad ; midrib rather strongly marked beneath; flowers numerous,
cymose, ;°5—} in. long ; ultimate pedicels short or very short, densely
packed at the top of the cyme ; bracts linear-subulate, exceeding the
calyx, callous or reflexed at the top; cymes compact above, rather
laxer below, subcapitaté in flower, somewhat elongated in fruit, —
hispid-pubescent ; calyx hispid-pubescent, deeply lobed, g-5;
long ; segments linear-subulate or linear, tips callous or reflexed ;
corolla-tube glandular-papillose outside, about 5%, in. long, slightly
Manulea.]} SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). 237
curved, about { in. in diam. at the top; limb spreading, glabrous
above, about + in. iu diam.; throat glabrous; lobes rounded:
stamens all included ; lower pair of anthers oblong, hairy on the
back ; upper pair round, small; capsules oval, about 3, in. long.
DC. Prodr. x. 365.
Sourn A¥FRica: without locality, Zeyher, 1295!
Coast REGION, below 500 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; by the Olifants River and
near Brakfontein, Heklon, 411! Olifants River, Schlechter, 7996! Doorn River,
Schlechter, 8060!
CxenTRAL Rea@ion: Ceres Div.; near Karroo Poort, Bolus, 2617!
25. M. paniculata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 383);
an ereet herb, perennial, robust, branched and shrubby at the crown
of the root, hoary-pubescent nearly throughout or in the dry state
slightly tawny, 11-2 ft. high or more ; pubescence short, rather stiff;
branches leafy, rigid; leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate,
elliptical or obovate, obtusely pointed or the uppermost subacute,
narrowed at the sessile or shortly petiolate base, crenate-dentate or
denticulate, 3-2! in. long, 1-1 in. broad; flowers thyrsoid-panicu-
late, numerous, about 1—1 in. long; pedicels very short; cymes
thyrsoid, interrupted, paniculate ; panicles terminal, leafy about the
base, 3-11 ft. long or more; bracts sublinear or subulate, 3,2 in.
long ; calyx deeply lobed, ;!,-1 in. long; segments linear, obtuse or
scarcely acute, ciliolate ; corolla ivory-white; tube rather slender,
glandular-puberulous outside except the upper part; limb spreading,
about 1-1 in. in diam., imbricate in bud, glabrous above or nearly
So; lobes oval or oblong, obtuse, entire, 7';-;'5 in. long; mouth
naked, usually showing one pair of anthers ; capsules ovoid or oblong,
glabrous, 1-1 in. long. DC. Prod. x. 365.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1280! :
CENTRAL REGION, between 4000 and 6000 ft.: Somerset Div. ; top of Bosch
Berg, MacOwan, 1474! Wodehouse Div.; Stormberg Range, Drege, 35920!
Aliwal North Div. ; hills near the Kraai River, Drége, 3592b! Witte Bergen,
Cooper, 1374! :
Katanart Region, between 4000 and 6000 ft.: Orange River Colony ;
Wolve Kop, Burke! near Bethlehem, Bolus, 8222! Transvaal ; Standarton,
Rehmann, 6784! Jeppestown Ridge, near Johannesburg, Gilfillan in Herb.
Galpin, 1451!
Eastern Reeton : Griqualand East; on rocky hills near Kokstad, 4500 ft.,
Tyson, 1420! Pondoland; Fakus territory, Sutherland !
ug 26. M. parviflora (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 383) ;
/ an erect herb, glandular-puberulous or subglabrescent, robust or
rigid, somewhat shining, more or less branched pyramidally,
moderately leafy, 1-2} ft. high, apparently perennial; branches
angular especially above ; radical leaves obovate, oblong-spathulate or
oblanceolate, obtuse, attenuate to the petiolate base, repand or
denticulate or entire, 1-2 in. long, nearly glabrous, }—} in. broad ;
petioles up to 1-1 in. long; stem-leaves sublinear or narrowly
elliptical, obtuse, wedge-shaped to the sessile or subsessile base,
denticulate or entire, slightly puberulous, 1-2 in. long, 3'5-+ In.
238 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Manulea
broad, sometimes wanting; flowers numerous, thyrsoid, glandular-
puberulous, subfasciculate, 11 in. long; ultimate pedicels very
short; bracts sublinear, small, about equalling the ealyx; cymes
glandular-puberulous, thyrsoid or paniculate, terminal, oblong or
pyramidal, interrupted, 2-18 in. long; calyx about »,—;; in. long
in flower, + in. long in fruit, deeply 5-lobed, papillose-puberulous ;
segments sublinear, very obtuse; corolla orangé or pink; tube
rather fleshy and slender, papillose-glandular outside; limb spread-
ing, smooth and glabrous above, about 2 in. in diam.; lobes oval,
obtuse ; throat glabrous ; on: pair of anthers appearing at the mouth
of the eorolla; style included; capsules ellipsoidal, glabrous or
nearly so, ;-} in. long. DC. Prodr. x. 365. M. natalensis,
Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Nemia parviflora, Hiern m
Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 758.
Coast Reeion: Port Elizabeth Div.; Walmer, near Port Elizabeth, Miss”
E. M. Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 6486!
Katanart ReGion : Orange River Colony; near Bethulie, Flanagan, 1605!
Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton! Transvaal; near Pretoria,
4100 ft., MacLea in Herb. Bolus, 5743! between Bronkhorst Spruit and Middel-
burg, Wilms, 1088! African Hoogde, Burke ! ¢
EASteRN ReGion, from 100 to 4000 ft.: Tembuland; near Umtata River,
Drége, 7919! Natal; among reeds near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 408! Inanda,
Wood, 1051! near Durban, Gueinzius, 1521 Sanderson, 181! Wood, 7934!
Struthers! near Lambonjwa River, Wood, 3575! near. Pietermaritzburg, Wilms,
2186! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 15! 541! ;
Also in tropical Africa.
27. M. rigida (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 382); 4
rigid herb, scabrid with short stiff patent hairs, apparently perennial,
divaricately branched, grey, moderately leafy throughout, 2-3 ft,
high, erect ; stem-leaves lanceolate, incise-dentate or pinnatifid or
sometimes subentire, obtuse, wedge-shaped to the sessile or shortly |
petiolate base, 3-11 in. long, j,-1 in. broad, usually more or less
adpressed to the stem; midrib prominent beneath ; flowers about
3 in. long, cymose, subfasciculate, numerous; ultimate pedicels very
short ; bracts subulate or lanceolate-linear, exceeding the pedicels;
cymes elongate, subspicate, often divaricately divided ; calyx hispidu- ;
lous, deeply 5-lobed, about 1 in. long ; segments linear-subulate, pro-
longed in fruit; corolla-tube scabrid-puberulous, about 3; in. long ;
limb spreading, about 2 in. in diam., slightly puberulous above ; lobe
broadly oval, rounded at the apex; stamens all included ; capsules
ellipsoidal, 3-2 in. long. DC. Prodr. x. 364; O. Kuntze, Rev
Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 236.
Coast RxeGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Wind Hoek, 1000 ft., Schlechter,
8350! Clanwilliam Div, ; Brack Fontein, Ecklon! Wupperthal, Wurmb in Herb.
Drége, 7915! : :
CrentRAL Recion: Aliwal North Div. ; Aliwal North, Kuntze. ae
WeEsTERN ReGion : Little Namaqualand; Scully in Herb. Bolus, 6392!
>) 28. M. tomentosa (Linn. Mant. alt. 420); a hoary shrub
undershrub, finely tomentose, branched, 6-30 in. high, perennial
Manulea. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 239
branches ascending or decumbent, leafy nearly or quite up to the
inflorescence ; leaves opposite or the upper occasionally alternate,
finely obovate or oblanceolate, rounded, wedge-shaped at the base,
submembranous or rather fleshy, finely tomentose on both faces,
pallid, greenish-hoary, densely glandular-hispidulous, serrulate-
crenate, petiolate or subsessile, 3-11 in. long, 1-} in. broad; petioles
ranging up to + in. long; flowers 1-1 in. long, sessile or subsessile
in clusters, numerous; clusters sessile or subsessile in terminal
thyrsoid spike-like racemes, 1 in. long, dense above and alternate,
interrupted below; bracts narrow, about 54; in. long; calyx about
zo in. long in flower, rather larger in fruit, hoary and finely tomen-
tose or hispid outside, glabrous inside, deeply 5-lobed ; segments
broadly linear, obtuse, shortly ciliolate ; corolla orange or yellow ;
tube + in. long, =, in. broad about the middle, ;*; in. broad about
the apex, 1, in. broad about the base, hoary, finely glandular-tomen-
tose outside except towards the base, nearly glabrous inside except
in the somewhat pubescent throat; limb spreading, about + in. in
diam.; lobes 5, oval, entire, rounded, finely glandular-tomentose on
the back at least about the base, nearly glabrous on the front;
stamens 4, glandular-puberulous, included, upper pair inserted on
the upper part of the corolla-tube and with very small pallid anthers,
lower pair also pallid inserted above the middle of the tube and with
oval-oblong anthers, 3, in. long; filaments very short; style nearly
but not quite glabrous, =; in. long; ovary nearly glabrous ; ovules
numerous, small ; capsule ovoid, 2 in. long. Jacq. Ie. iii. 7, t. 498 ;
Meerburg, Pl. Rar. t. 8; Lam. Ill. t. 520, fig. 1; Thunb. Prodr.
101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 470; Wettstein in Engl. Pflanzenfam.
iv. 3 B. 68, fig. 31, A-D.; Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. t. 19; Benth.
in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 383, and in DC. Prodr. x. 365, not 367,
n. 80; nor Bot, Mag. t. 322; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Selago
tomentosa, Linn. Pl. Afr. Rar. 13; Aman. Acad. vi. 90.
Coast Recion, below 500 ft.: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Mac Gillivray,
623! Milne, 168! sea shore or near it on both sides of the Cape Peninsula,
Thunberg! Mac Gillivray, 622! Bolus, 3060! Drege, 1318! Krauss, Wolley
Dod, 1654! Harvey! Pappe! Wallich, 376! Paarden Island, Woilley Dod,
3152! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Zeyher, 348! Ecklon, 30!
According to Thunberg the inflorescence has a faint scent of sage.
29. M. stellata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 384) ;
@ perennial herb, somewhat shrubby below, with short whitish rather
soft pubescence; stem ascending, sparingly branched ; branehes
terete, striate, lax, moderately leafy, 1-1} ft. long; leaves mostly
opposite, patent, broadly ovate, obtusely pointed, broad near the
ase, incise-serrate, shortly petiolate, —$ 1n. long, {-$ in. broad,
thin, pubescent; flowers numerous, thyrsoid, about 4—} in. long;
pedicels very short, pubescent, fasciculate, about 3-7 together,
fascicles in oblong interrupted terminal cymes, 3-12 in. long; bracts
small, subulate, pubescent; lower fascicles somewhat short and
pedunculate in the axils of the upper leaves; calyx pubescent, rather
240 SCROPHULARIACE€T (Hiern). = = [Manulea, —
deeply 5-lobed, 4, in. long in flower, + in. long in fruit; segments
subulate from an ovate base ; corolla orange ; tube slender, glandular-
pubescent, pallid below ; limb patent, glabrous above, 4—} in. in diam, ;
lobes unequal, lanceolate or linear-subulate, acute or bifid, ";—¢ in.
long; throat naked ; stamens all included; style ineluded ; capsules
oval-oblong, minutely glandular, or nearly glabrous, ;5-} in. long.
DC. Prodr. x. 366.
Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Diy.; on rocks in Lange Valley, Masson‘! Cape
Div.; on hills near Capetown, Ecklon, 356!
This species is very close to M. virgata.
30. M. virgata (Thunb. Prodr. 101); a perennial herb, slightly
shrubby below, with quite short whitish pubescence; stem erect,
short, much branched; branches intricate, divaricate at the base,
paniculate, elongated, 3-11 ft. long, filiform, subterete, striate,
moderately leafy ; branchlets subeapillary, flexuous, closely pubert-
lous, 3-9 in. long; leaves opposite, patent, broadly ovate or elliptical,
obtusely pointed or subacute, abruptly narrowed or subcuneate at
the base, strongly toothed or incise-dentate, puberulous, thin, 5-5 12.
long, 3-2 in. broad; petioles up to 1-1} in. long; flowers rather
numerous, subthyrsoid, about 1-1 in. long; pedicels very short,
shortly pubescent, subfasciculate, fascicles 4-1-flowered and alter-
nately arranged in elongating slender flagelliform interrupted terminal
cymes 4-8 in. long ; bracts small, subulate, shortly pubescent ; lower
fascicles sometimes inserted in the axils of the small upper leaves;
calyx shortly pubescent, deeply 5-lobed, 3, in. long in flower,
yo-7 in. long in fruit; segments sublinear, scarcely acute ; corolla
orange ; tube rather pallid, pubescent, slender; limb patent, 5-z 12
in diam., subglabrous above, pubescent beneath ; lobes lanceolate-
subulate, acute, #11 in. long ; throat naked; stamens and style
included; capsules oval, glabrous or nearly so, about } in. long.
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 470; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. }.
384, and in DC. Prod. x. 366. M. exaltata, Herb. Banks.
Benth., il. ec.
Soura ArRica: without locality, Thunberg ! 1
Coast Rxecion: Clanwilliam Div.; on rocks at Heerelogement, Masson:
ohne River and Brack Fontein, Ecklon! Vogel Fontein, 1300 ft., Schlechier,
31. M. campestris (Hiern); a nearly glabrous herb, leafy and
densely branched at the crown of the root, perhaps perennial, 3-9 1.
high ; stem comparatively thick, very short; branches several oF
numerous, scape-like, erect or ascending, rather slender; leaves
radical or subradical, spathulate or obovate, rounded or very obtuse,
attenuate into the petiole, repand or sparingly toothed, minutely of
obsoletely glandular, 1-11 in. long, ;4;—-} in. broad; petioles }-1; ™-
long ; flowers several or numerous, spicate-racemose, about + in. long;
pedicels very short or up to 1 in. long; racemes not quite simple,
Manulea.] SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 241
lax exeept near the top, 3-42 in. long; bracts short; calyx about
iz in. long, deeply 5-lobed, minutely or obsoletely glandular; seg-
ments linear-oblong, obtuse, somewhat concave; corolla-tube slender,
obsoletely glandular outside ; limb more or less spreading ; lobes
lanceolate, acute, 1-1 in. long ; throat minutely glandular; anthers
glabrous, one pair near the mouth of the corolla, rather shorter
than the other which is lower down in the throat ; capsules ovoid,
glabrous, 3, in. long.
Karanari Recion: Griqualand West ; without precise locality, on flats where
water occasionally lodges, Mrs. Barber, 7!
_? 32. M. Cheiranthus (Linn. Mant. 88); an erect or ascending
herb, annual, puberulous or nearly glabrous, branched at or near the
base, 1-15 in. high; branches decumbent or ascending, leafy at the
base, usually leafless above ; leaves ovate, elliptical or obovate,
obtuse, narrowed into the petiole, incise-serrate, dentate or repand,
rather thin, 1—2 in, long, 1—1 in. broad ; petioles up to 271 in. long ;
flowers numerous or several, thyrsoid, about + in. long, disagreeable
to smell; pedicels short, puberulous, subfasciculate, usually a few
together ; fascicles arranged in terminal more or less interrupted
oblong cymes often more than half the height of the plant;
bracts sublinear and resembling the ealyx-segments, subulate ; calyx
deeply 5-lobed, puberulous, 1—} in. long; segments sublinear, obtuse,
erect; corolla uniformly gamboge colour or orange; tube glandular-
puberulous outside, scarcely exceeding the calyx, slender, whitish at
the base, tawny at the apex; limb deeply 5-lobed; lobes unequal,
subulate, 1,1 in. long, tawny; throat glabrous ; stamens and style
2 20°65 ss 2
included ; capsules ovoid, glabrous, 3-1 in. long. Thunb. Prodr.
101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 471; Benth.in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
i. 384, and in DC. Prodr. x. 366; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835.
M. thynchantha, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 142 ; Link ex Jarosz,
Pl. Nov. Cap. 17. M. divaricata, Ecklon in Pl. Exsiec. Cap. n. 502,
not of Thunberg. M. Cheiranthus, var. B, floribunda, Benth. ex
Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr. 4. Lobelia Cheiranthus, Linn.
Sp. Pl. ed. 1,933. Nemia Cheiranthus, Berg. Pi. Cap. 160, WN.
capensis, J. F. Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. 936. Cheiranthus africana
Jlore luteo, Commel. Hort. Med. Amstel. Rar. ii. 83, t. 42.
Coast Recon, on the flats and hills below 1000 ft.: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ;
Ebenezar, Drége, 3137a! Clanwilliam Div.; Olifants River and Brakfontein,
Ecklon, 331! Tabeechuts Div. ; near Groene Kloof (Mamre) Bolus, et: Berg
River, Ecklon, 309! Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof, near Tulbagh, sag geet
Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 9833! Steendal, Pappe/ Cape Div. ; ee pos ities
around Cape Town, Thunberg! Pappe! Harvey! Bolus, 2795! 4780! a
‘1632! Rehmann, 810! Wolley Dod, 136! 137! 1392! Ecklon, 502! Burs poo
258! Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod, 682! near Simonstown, Schlechter, !
d, Guein-
Stellenbosch Div. ; at Stellenbosch, Sanderson, 971! Hottentots Holland, Gu
t +3 ! llendam Div. ;
2tus! Caledon Div. ; near Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, ote Milkwood Poatein,
Hessaquas Kloof, Ze her, 3507! Riversdale Div. ;
Galpin, 4388 ! Mouse Bay Div. ; near the landing: place at Mossel Bay, Burchell,
6240 ! Knysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Bowie!
Western ReGuon: Little Namaqualand, between 1000 and 2000 ft.; near
Mi , Drége ! Modderfontein, Drége, 31370!
VOL. IV.—sECcT. II.
R
242 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Manulea.
33. M. gariepina (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 384) ;
an erect herb, glabrous, shining, annual, branched at or near the
base, 5-10 in. high; basal branches erect or ascending, scape-like,
leafy about the base, bare above; leaves mostly radical or subradical,
rosulate, obovate or oblanceolate, rounded, attenuate to the base,
crenate-dentate or repand, 2-1 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; petioles up
to 2 in. long ; flowers numerous, thyrsoid, about 1 in. long; pedicels
very short, subfasciculate or solitary ; thyrsus oblong; bracts subu-
late, 5-;'; in. long; calyx deeply lobed, ,';—;!; in. long in flower,
+4, in. long in fruit; segments linear, obtuse, minutely glandular ;
corolla-tube slender, much exceeding the calyx, slightly or scarcely
glandular outside; throat naked ; limb spreading, } in. in diam.;
lobes narrowly lanceolate or linear-oblong, 11 in. long, unequal,
the anterior obtuse, the others acute ; stamens and style included or
one pair of anthers appearing at the mouth of the corolla; capsules
ovoid, ;—1 in. long. DC. Prodr, x. 366. M. garipensis, Drege,
Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 94, 201, without description.
Sourn AFrica: without locality, Thom, 61!
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; near the mouth of the Orange
River, below 600 ft., Drége, 7918!
Imperfectly known Species.
34, M. uncinata (Desrouss. in Lam. Encycl. iii. 706); stems
ascending, shrubby below, subterete, slightly angular, not much
branched, 6-10 in. high, moderately hispid as well as the rest of the
plant with whitish jointed hairs; leaves scattered, linear, somewhat
pointed, narrowed at the base, sessile, mostly entire or sometimes
sparingly toothed, 2-3 in. long, about 1 in. broad ; flowers racemose,
scattered ; racemes simple, terminal, leafy, rather dense at first,
elongating and laxer in fruit; peduncles axillary, exeeeding the
leaves at their base ; calyx 5-cleft to the middle; lobes setaceous,
straight, hooked at the tip; corolla funnel-shaped, slightly tomentose
outside, three times as long as the calyx ; tube arched ; limb some-
ie alana segments 5, oval, obtuse. Benth. in DOC. Prodr.
~:.367,
Sout Arica: without locality, Sonnerat.
_ 35. M. aurantiaca (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 18); root annua |,
fibrous, twisted ; stem herbaceous, ereet, simple, terete, hispid, 4 1n-
long ; leaves few, alternate, ovate-lanceolate, acute, petiolate, entire, —
somewhat hispid towards the petiole, erect, shorter than the inter-
nodes ; spike terminal, distichous ; bracts solitary, longer than the
calyx, persistent, pinnatifid, acute, sessile, hispid, keeled ; flowers
crowded at the apex, distant below; calyx persistent, } in. long;
lobes linear, subcartilaginous, hispid, erect ; corolla orange-coloured,
{ in. long; tube slender, dilated towards the base; lobes erect,
sly in. long. |
SourH AFRICA: without locality, Jarosz.
36. M. longiflora (Jarosz, Pl. Noy. Cap. 18); root annual —
fusiform, oblique, twisted; stem herbaceous, simple, erect, terete,
Manulea.]} SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern), 243
striate, somewhat hispid ; leaves seattered, subalternate, longer than
the internodes, erect, petiolate, obtuse, serrate, hispid, the lower
lanceolate-oblong, the upper linear ; spike terminal ; bracts solitary,
linear, obtuse, somewhat hispid, entire, persistent, longer than the
calyx ; flowers subalternate ; calyx 5-partite, persistent, } in. long ;
segments subulate, concave, pubescent ; corolla yellow; tube ventri-
cose at the top, pubescent, ,'; in. long or more; lobes spreading,
e+ in. long.
Sourn A¥rica: without locality, Jarosz.
XXII. SUTERA, Roth.
Calyx 5-lobed, usually 5-partite ; lobes or segments sublinear
lanceolate or rarely ovate, usually more or less imbricate in bud, not
membranous, Corolla tubular, not spurred at the base, deciduous ;
tube long or short, exserted or shorter than the ealyx, cylindrical or
funnel-shaped, nearly straight or towards the apex more or less
curved ; throat more or less dilated or scarcely so, sometimes gibbous ;
limb spreading, regular or bilabiate ; lobes entire or shortly bifid or
emarginate at the apex, equal or nearly so, imbricate in bud, two
posterior exterior. Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted or the two
posterior or all of them included ; filaments filiform, inserted in the
corolla-tube ; anthers reniform, 1l-celled by confluence of the cells,
all perfect. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, included or exserted,
slightly dilated upwards; stigma obtuse; ovules numerous. Fruit
capsular, septicidal ; valves eleft at the apex. Seeds numerous,
rugose.
Herbs or small shrubs, annual or perennial, glabrous, pubescent or hispid,
sometimes viscid, often turning blackish when dried; leaves mostly opposite,
sometimes subtending abbreviated shoots, simple, more or less toothed or sub-
entire ; flowers axillary or arranged in terminal simple or rarely compound
cymes or spikes; bracts not adhering along the pedicels, small or, in the case of
some species (with scarcely imbricate calyx-segments) large. : :
Disses aa about 115, mostly aees er South Africa, a few in Tropical
Africa, and one species peculiar to the Canary Islands, abe
The following sections are generally adopted from Engl. Bot. Jahrb. ara r “
493, where Diels proposed them for Chenostoma, under which genus he inclu
Lyperia and Sphenandra. : ere a
Lyperia diandra, E. Meyer, Hort. Regiomont. Seminif, 1848, 5, adn., is
unknown to me.
Section 1. Brevirtor®. Flowers nearly regular ; corolla-tube short, not
or but little exceeding the calyx ; stamens often exserted ; perennial plants or
undershrubs. ey
* Leaves entire or moderately toothed, not incise-
— -~ 4 gangs ;
alyx-lobes ovate :
“Leaves ovate, eT cs . (1) platysepala,
ves oblanceolate or oblong, pee
subsessile — Re ee - -+ (2) patriotica,
Calyx-lobes lanceolate, sublinear or obovate :
t Leaves obovate, broadly ovate or sub-
rotund:
Corolla-tube sina it
ERE 4
244 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [ Sutera.
Plant nearly glabrous aie ... (3) rotundifolia.
Plant more or less pubescent :
Leaves shortly petiolate ; cont nl
segments subacute ... (4) pauciflora.
Leaves sessile or subsessile ;
calyx-segments obtuse ... (5) roseoflava.
Corolla-tube reaboyiedirieal :
Flowers thyrsoid-racemose ... ... (6) elliotensis.
Flowers simply racemose :
Calyx about 4-2 in. long;
segments subulate, acute ... (7) polelensis.
Calyx about -4,—j, in. long in
flower ; segments nila
obtuse te (8) flexuosa.
tf Leaves sublinear, oblong, lanceolate, or
ovate ;
Corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped :
Calyx-lobes 5; flowers maid race-
mose ... (9) campanulata,
Calyx-lobes 6-8 ; flowers in simple
or slightly compound racemes :
Flowers 1-4 in. long ... mais polysepala.
Flowers i in. long ... 11) calycina.
Corolla-tube cylindrical-funnel- shaped
or salver-shaped :
Stems prostrate :
Branches glandular-puberulous,
diverging ; (12) procumbens.
Branches shortly pubescent, inter-
lacing .., .. (13) intertexta.
Stems erect, ascending or procum-
bent:
Corolla-tube not or scarcely ex-
ceeding the calyx :
Branches moderately leafy :
Plant finely viscid-pilose or
glandular-puberulous :
Suffruticose ; branches
wiry ; calyx deeply
5-lobed (14) cerulea.
Subherbaceous;
branches _ slender,
often zigzag; calyx
5-cleft . si : . (15) palustris.
Plant nearly glabrous or
minutely glandular-
squamulose :
Leaves obtuse; calyx
minutely __ sessile-
glandular, 5-4 in.
long (16) halimifolia.
Leaves pungent at the
apex ; calyx bearing
small scales, about
- Lin. long eee) stenophylla.
Branches sparingly leafy 18) subnuda.
Corolla-tube shortly exceeding the
calyx:
Root annual :
Branches minutely glandu-
lar-puberulous or sea!
glabrous . . (19) laxiflora.
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 245
Branches viscid-pubescent
towards the apex --. (20) polyantha.
Root perennial :
Leaves subamplexicaul,
puberulous on both faces (21) neglecta,
Leaves narrowed to the
base, minutely glandular-
hispidulous or glabrous :
Calyx about 4} in,
long ; segments lan-
ceolate, rather ob-
tuse ves ..» (22) affinis.
Calyx about 4-1 in.
long; segments lan-
ceolate-linear,
almost subulate ... (23) denudata,
Leaves gradually narrowed
to the connate base,
minutely glandular-pu-
berulous re .. (24) levis.
** Leaves incise-dentate or pinnatifid :
Corolla-tube funnel-shaped ; lobes 4-3 in. long,
zs in. broad... deve vk ss vee (25) montana,
Corolla-tube shortly cylindrical; lobes about
vs in, long by 3; in. broad ... =... (26) ‘micrantha,
Section 2. InTERMEDI#£. Flowers regular or somewhat irregular; corolla-
tube (except in 8. breviflora) exceeding the calyx; throat dilated or almost
abruptly passing into the limb ; stamens included or the anterior pair exserted ;
undershrubs or subherbaceous plants, perennial or annual.
* Flowers 4-2 in. long: '
Corolla-tube not exceeding the calyx; segments
oblong-spathulate ... ... =... —«»» (27) breviflora.
Corolla-tube exceeding the calyx; segments
or lobes sublinear, lanceolate, ovate, oblong
or subulate:
Flowers axillary or arranged in simple
terminal racemes or open panicles :
Flowers 3-3 in. long:
An annual herb, simple or loosely
branched ro an ... (28) annua.
More or less shrubby : - ‘
Leaves opposite, elliptical or
eblsig a ie ... (29) noodsbergensis.
Leaves alternate, obovate-
cuneate, broadly ovate or oe
subrhomboidal ... «. (30) ramosissim:.
Flowers -8;-4 in. long: :
Pedicels 4 in. long or less: :
an ebisseuan ... (31) batlapina.
Leaves ovate or obovate .., (32) arcuate.
Peduncles 3-2 in. long ... _«.. (33) pedunculosa.
Flowers arranged in compound often
rather compact terminal cymes :
Calyx deeply 5-lobed ... See ... (34) cymulosa.
Calyx cleft scarcely half-way down ... (35) compta.
** Flowers 4-1 in. long:
t Leaves sessile or ——— yin
Leaves usually not exceeding 4 In. long:
Fiowers Lekeaitinie ae ie ... (36) cephalotes.
Flowers racemose, subcorymbose or
elongated: .
246 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). [ Sutera.
Plant subglabrous or thinly
pubescent, not hoary:
Flowers arranged in sub-
corymbose racemes ... (37) ethiopica.
Flowers arranged in rather
lax elongating racemes .., (38) integrifolia.
Plant finely hoary-tomentose ... (89) marifolia, —
Leaves ranging up to 1 in, long :
Calyx glandular-puberulous :
Flowers 3-2 in. long:
Leaves hispidulous or sub-
scabrid.... vue .. (40) revoluta.
Leaves minutely glandular... (41) glabrata.
Flowers 2~} in. long... ... (42) linifolia.
Calyx hispid... at ce ... (48) brachiata,
{7 Leaves petiolate :
{ Floral leaves toothed like the other
leaves or entire :
Leaves ovate, oval, obovate or
oblong :
Annual herbs :
Leaves dentate, not exceed-
ing 1 in. long, not fetid :
Leaves obovate; corolla-
lobes emarginate or
very shortly bifid at
the apex... ... (44) fraterna.
Leaves oval, ovate or
oblong; corolla-lobes
entire vs ... (45) antirrhinoides.
Leaves mostly incise-dentate,
ranging up to 2 in, long,
fetid oh) dete
Perennial herbs or shrubby at
at the base:
Corolla-tube minutely glan-
dular or glandular-pu-
berulous outside :
Leaves ranging up to
2 in. long:
Pedicels bracteate
only at the base,
short... ... (47) macleana. |
Pedicels —_ usually
bracteolate at or
near the apex,
not very short ... (48) bracteolata.
Leaves less than 1 in.
long ... oe ... (49) racemosa,
Corolla-tube pubescent or
sparingly pilose-glandular
outside:
Leaves 3-5 in. long,
doubly incisely or
irregularly dentate .., (50) maritima.
Leaves 3-2 in. long,
dentate oe ... (51) floribunda.
Leaves roundly or broadly ovate:
ee sublinear or lanceo-
Calyx J, in. long ... —... (62). tenella.
Calyx +3 in, long: iy
Sutera] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern).
Flowers 4-2 in. long ... (53) Burchellii.
Flowers 2-4 in. long .. tea} griquensis,
Calyx 4-} in. long:
Flowers few, 2-2 in.
long ... tee ... (55) cordata,
Flowers rather numerous,
about ,%; in. long ... (56) pallescens,
Calyx-lobes ovate + eee (57) humifusa,
tt Floral leaves pectinate-dentate, lowest
e leaves repand-serrate .., ves is ... (58) divaricata.
*** Flowers 4 in. long or more :
+ Leaves petiolate; petioles ranging up to
2 in. long or more :
F lowers crowded in terminal leafy heads ... (59) latifolia.
Flowers racemose or axillary ;
Leaves broadly ovate .., nb ... (60) Cooperi.
Leaves ovate, oval-oblong or lanceo-
late :
Corolla-lobes about ;\; in. long... (61) ochracea,
Corolla-lobes $-+ in. long:
Plant very viscid-pubescent ;
corolla-lobes entire ... (62) tomentosa.
Plant sprinkled here and
there with glandular hairs ;
corolla-lobes shortly bifid (63) gracilis.
Corolla-lobes 4-2 in. long ... (64) dielsiana.
++ Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate :
Peduncles and pedicels ranging up to 4
or 1 in. long:
Flowers 3-2 in, Jong; corolla-tube
somewhat curved near the top:
Calyx }-4 in. long; corolla
orange-coloured ; lobes about :
4 in. long sae eo: ... (65) integerrima.
Calyx 3-4} in. long; corolla :
white ; lobesi-lin. long ... (66) asbestina.
Flowers 2-1 in. long; corolla mauve; :
tube cylindrical... i ... (67) macrosiphon,
Peduncles or pedicels very short: :
Leaves linear ... re be ... (68) violacea.
Leaves elliptical or oblong :.. ... (69) subspicata,
Section3. Spicata#. Flowers sessile or shortly stalked, or in S. sessilifolia on
stalks of 2 in.; corolla-tube sharply distinguishable from the limb; stamens
ineluded ; herbs or undershrubs with sessile or shortly petiolate leaves,
Flowers on short stalks or subsessile:
Flowers about 54; in. long ae vi ... (70) amplexicaulis.
Flowers 2-1 in. long:
Shrubs or undershrubs ; +
Leaves not glossy... in ..» (71) Maxii.
Leaves silvery-glossy ... a ... (72) fruticosa,
Plants herbaceous or at the base only
somewhat shrubby :
Leaves ranging up to more than 1 or
2 in. long : :
Flowers whitish or yellow-ochre (73) tristis.
F lowers purple :
Capsules 4-1 in. long; plant
1-2 ft. high; corolla-
tube viscid - pubescent
outside... oe ... (74) lychnidea.
“I
248 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Sutera.
Capsules 3-3 in. long; plant
3-9 in. high; corolla-tube
very nearly glabrous out-
eutside ... ao ... (75) tenuiflora,
Leaves 4-2 in. long ... vee .. (76) litoralis.
Flower stalks mostly 2 in.long ..... % . (77) sessilifolia.
Section 4. FotroLos#. Leaves usually i Aeicnlasd flower-stalks rather
long; corolla-tube sharply distinguishable from the limb; stamens included ;
shrubs or undershrubs or rarely herbs; the species depending upon closely
critical characters.
* Leaves bipinnatisect te (78) aurantiaca.
** Leaves pinnatisect or pinnatipartite or some of
them less deeply lobed :
Calyx-segments incise or denticulate ... ... (79) pristisepala.
Calyx-segments entire :
A delicate herb... +a ive ... (80) concinna.
Shrubby :
Flowers 4-} in. long ... pes ... (81) luteiflora,
Flowers 55;—7; in. long :
Flower-stalks zai in.long .., (82) crassicaulis.
Flower-stalks 1—5 in. long :.
Petioles 4— ~}'in. long:
Branches softly ae
cent. ... i . (83) mollis.
Branches glabrous (84) Tysoni.
Petioles very short or obso-
lete eee ... (85) pinnatifida.
*#* Leaves pinnatifid or some of them _incise-
dentate or entire, not pinnatipartite :
Branches elongated, filiform, decumbent (86) filicaulis.
Branches less elongated, not filiform, divaricate
or ascending :
Leaves sessile, subsessile or very shortly
petiolate :
Flowers 4—,5; in. long :
Leaves linear-cuneate, tb}
.
long... ”" (87) foliolosa.
Leaves ovate, obovate or “oblong,
j5-3 in. long ... ae . (88) phlogifiora.
Flowers 2-1 in. long ss (89) burkiana.
Leaves apie peauiien. ranging up to 7
or 3 in. long
Flowers ti in, long, plant shrubby ... (90) Henrici.
Flowers 2 4-1 in. long; plant herba-
ceous, annual ee ..» (91) Bolusii.
**** Leaves dentate or incise, not pinnatifid :
{ Corolla-tube puberulous or glandular-pubes-
cent outside, not lengthening after the ex-
pansion of the limb :
Flowers 3-2 in, long:
Flower-stalks ranging up to 3 or
Zin, long:
Leaves 3-1} in. long, not silvery (92) kraussiana.
Leaves 14 in. long, sprinkled
beneath with minute saat
gath i. =. .. (93) argentea.
Flower-stalks about 3 i in, long : :
Leaves 3-1 in. long; a stunted
undershrub, 3-4 in, high ;
branches decumbent... . (94) altoplana.
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), : 249
Leaves 1-3 in. long; an under-
shrub, 1 ft. high; branches
ePeCG es: ae er we
Leaves 4-% in. long ; suffruticose,
apparently annual; branches
ascending oss cas ..» (96) canescens,
Flowers 3-14 in. long :
Calyx-segments sublinear, obtuse :
(95) virgulosa.
Corolla-lobes 4-5 in. long... (97) incisa.
Corolla-lobes 4} in. long —..,,_-« (98) grandiflora.
Calyx-segments linear-subulate .,, (99) stenopetala.
tj Corolla-tube hispid outside with gland-
tipped set, lengthening after the expan-
sion of the limb ae ot ah ... (100) acerescens,
****% Leaves entire or towards the apex denticu-
late or at or near the apex excise-dentate :
Flowers $~1 in. long:
Leaves 4-3 in. long as fa ... (101) brunnea.
Leaves ;4,—-4 in. long ve w+ evs (102) atropurpurea.
Flowers }-2 in. long:
Leaves =,-} in. long:
Leaves usually excise-dentate about
aa
the apex __... ive a ... (103) pedunculata.
Leaves quite entire: :
Flowers 4-4 in. long... ... (104) aspalathoides.
Flowers +~3 in. long :
Leaves cuneate-oblong or
linear-spathulate, 2,—3 in.
long; flowers racemose ... (105) tortuosa.
Leaves oval-oblong, 34-7's oe
in. long; flowers axillary (106) densifolia.
Leaves ,t--,\; in. long vs ave (107) microphylla.
1. 8. platysepala (Hiern) ; suffruticose at the base, 4-1 ft. high,
apparently perennial ; stems decumbent, ascending, loosely or but
little branched, minutely papillose-puberulous, nodulose below with
the scars of fallen leaves, wiry, pallid, shining and moderately
leafy above; branches slender or wiry, pallid, minutely glandular-
papillose, moderately leafy; leaves opposite, ovate, obtuse, more or
less wedge-shaped at the base, sometimes obtusely or shortly so,
obiusely dentate or repand, membranous, shining, minutely glandular-
Papillose, 2-2 in. long, 2~12 in. broad; petioles oy in. long ;
Owers axillary and subracemose, several, about + in. long, white
with orange centre ; peduneles or pedicels slender, weak, $—Z in.
long, arching; bracts smaller than the leaves ; calyx glandular-
papillose outside, campanulate, about } in. long in flower, } in. long
in fruit, 5-lobed ; lobes ovate, acute, unequally connate at the base ;
corolla marcescent; tube shortly cylindrical-funnel-shaped, about
v5 in. long, sparingly and minutely glandular outside, straight or
nearly so; throat glabrous ; limb somewhat spreading, }—} in. in diam.;
lobes oval, rounded, entire ; one pair of stamens exserted, the other
about equalling the corolla-tube; style shortly exserted ; capsule
ovoid, glabrous, 2 in. long or a little more.
Eastern Region: Zululand; Entumeni, 20C0 ft., Wood, 3892!
248 SCROPHULARIACE2 (Hiern). [ Sutera.
Capsules }-2 in. long; plant
3-9 in. high; corolla-tube
very nearly glabrous out-
outside... Side ... (75) tenuiflora.
Leaves 3-2 in. long ioe ... (76) litoralis.
Flower stalks mostly 2 in. long... ve ... (77) sessilifolia.
Section 4. FotroLos#. Leaves usually quasi-fasciculate ; flower-stalks rather
long; corolla-tube sharply distinguishable from the limb; stamens included ;
shrubs or undershrubs or rarely herbs; the species depending upon closely
critical characters.
* Leaves bipinnatisect ins oo tas ... (78) aurantiaca.
** Leaves pinnatisect or pinnatipartite or some of
them less deeply lobed :
Calyx-segments incise or denticulate ... ... (79) pristisepala.
Calyx-segments entire : ?
A delicate herb ts ine ... (80) concinna.
Shrubby :
Flowers 4} in. long ...
Flowers 5-7, in. long :
Flower-stalks ~,-} in.long _... (82) crassicaulis.
Flower-stalks 3-3 in. long :.
Petioles 4-3 in. long:
Branches softly pubes-
cent ... oon ... (83) mollis.
Branches glabrous... (84) Tysoni.
Petioles very short or obso-
lete tee ae ... (85) pinnatifida.
*** Leaves pinnatifid or some of them _incise-
dentate or entire, not pinnatipartite :
Branches elongated, filiform, decumbent __... (86) filicaulis.
Branches less elongated, not filiform, divaricate
or ascending :
Leaves sessile, subsessile or very shortly
petiolate :
Flowers 4-5, in. long :
Leaves linear-cuneate, ;--} in.
she ... (81) luteiflora.
.
long as ies oe ... (87) foliolosa.
Leaves ovate, obovate or oblong,
jy} in. long ... as ... (88) phlogifiora.
Flowers ?-1 in. long ... vas .. (89) burkiana.
Leaves petiolate; petioles ranging up to 4
or 3 in. long :
Flowers 4 in. long, plant shrubby ... (90) Henrici.
Flowers 3—} in. long; plant herba-
ceous, annual se ae CO)
**** Leaves dentate or incise, not pinnatifid :
{ Corolla-tube puberulous or glandular-pubes-
cent outside, not lengthening after the ex-
pansion of the limb :
Flowers 4-2 in. long:
Flower-stalks ranging up to # or
Zin, long: 5
Leaves 3-1} in. long, not silvery (92) kraussiana.
Leaves 14 in. long, sprinkled
beneath with minute silvery
glands .., a its ... (93) argentea.
Flower-stalks about 4 in, long :
Leaves 34-1 in. long; a stunted
undershrub, 3-4 in. high;
branches decumbent... . (94) altoplane.
Sutera.] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), | 249
Leaves 4-3 in, long; an under-
shrub, 1 ft. high; branches
erect eve vee sed
Leaves 4-$ in. long ; suffruticose,
apparently annual; branches
ascending iy ce .» (96) canescens,
Flowers 9-13 in. long :
Calyx-segments sublinear, obtuse :
(95) virgulosa.
Corolla-lobes 4-75 in. long .., (97) incisa.
Corolla-lobes 4—} in. long er 0 grandiflora.
Calyx-segments linear-subulate _... (99) stenopetala.
ty Corolla-tube hispid outside with gland-
tipped sete, lengthening after the expan-
sion of the limb is ies vas ... (100) acerescens,
***** Leaves entire or towards the apex denticn-
Jate or at or near the apex excise-dentate :
Flowers $-1 in. long: é
Leaves $-} in. long oe dee ... (101) brunnea.
Leaves }-3 in. long ite af ... (102) atropurpurea.
Flowers }-2 in. long:
Leaves ,},-} in. long:
Leaves usually excise-dentate about
7
theapex ... fs sas ... (103) pedunculata.
Leaves quite entire :
Flowers 4-3 in. long... ... (104) aspalathoides.
Flowers 3-4 in. long:
Leaves cuneate-oblong or
linear-spathulate, ~,—3 in.
long; flowers racemose ... (105) tortuosa.
Leaves oval-oblong, 34-7's :
in. long; flowers axillary (106) densifolia.
Leaves j,-3; in. long... aoe ... (107) microphylla.
oO
1. 8. platysepala (Hiern) ; suffruticose at the base, 3—1 ft. high,
‘apparently perennial; stems decumbent, ascending, loosely or but
little branched, minutely papillose-puberulous, nodulose below with
the scars of fallen leaves, wiry, pallid, shining and moderately
leafy above; branches slender or wiry, pallid, minutely glandular-
papillose, moderately leafy; leaves opposite, ovate, obtuse, more or
less wedge-shaped at the base, sometimes obtusely or shortly so,
obtusely dentate or repand, membranous, shining, minutely glandular-
papillose, 2-2 in. long, 2-12 in. broad; petioles {-} in. long ;
flowers axillary and subracemose, several, about 4} in. long, white
With orange centre; peduneles or pedicels slender, weak, $-Z in.
long, arching; bracts smaller than the leaves ; calyx glandular-
papillose outside, campanulate, about + in. long in flower, } in. long
in fruit, 5-lobed ; lobes ovate, acute, unequally connate at the base ;
corolla marcescent ; tube shortly eylindrical-funnel-shaped, about
vo in. long, sparingly and minutely glandular outside, straight or
nearly so; throat glabrous ; limb somewhat spreading, 1—} in. in diam.;
lobes oval, rounded, entire ; one pair of stamens exserted, the other
about equalling the corolla-tube; style shortly exserted ; capsule
ovoid, glabrous, + in. long or a little more.
Eastern Region : Zululand ; Entumeni, 20C0 ft., Wood, 3892!
250 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
2. S. patriotica (Hiern); a puberulous herb, rigid, branched,
erect or ascending, apparently annual, scarcely 1 ft. high ; branches
dense, opposite or alternate, erect-patent, ascending, greenish or
purplish, somewhat wiry, leafy below the inflorescence, subscabrid,
puberulous; leaves opposite, often quasi-fasciculate, spreading or
erect-patent, oblanceolate or oblong, obtuse, somewhat narrowed to
the sessile or subsessile connate base, more or less toothed, thickly
herbaceous, viscid-scabrid or puberulous, 1—% in. long, 3-j Im.
broad; flowers numerous, racemose, about 3-1 in. long when
expanded ; pedicels opposite, verticillate or alternate, more or less
spreading, firm, rather slender, glandular-puberulous, }—2 in. long,
bracteate at the base; bracts small or the lower subfoliaceous ;
racemes terminal, numerous, 3-6 in. long; calyx campanulate,
4-35 in. long in flower, 1-1 in. long in fruit ; 5-cleft about half-
way down, viscid, glandular-puberulous; lobes triangular-ovate,
subobtuse, erect; corolla-tube cylindrical below, funnel-shaped
above, about 1-1 in. long; limb spreading, blueish-purple #, sprinkled
with small glands on the back; lobes rounded, about 3';-y'5 i-
long ; stamens and style all glabrous and exserted ; capsules ovoid-
oblong, glabrous, ;8;—! in. long.
CENTRAL REGION: Wodehouse Diy.; on the Stormberg Range, near Patriots
Klip, 5000 ft., Wood in Herb. Galpin, 2302!
3. 8. rotundifolia (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an under-
shrub, much branched, apparently 1-2 ft. high, glabrescent below,
glandular-puberulous above; branches rather slender, leafy, elon-
gated, branched; lower ones procumbent or divarieate; leaves
opposite, obovate or ovate-rotund, cbtuse, wedge-shaped ‘sometimes
abruptly so towards the base, coarsely dentate, rather thick, grey-
green, minutely glandular-pulverulent, ;1,-1 in. long, 5-1 in. broad ;
petiole 4-1 in. long, glandular-puberulous; flowers + in. long,
axillary, solitary, or forming lax leafy terminal racemes, ebracteolate ;
peduncles glandular-puberulous, 1-3 in. long; calyx 3—} in. long,
glandular-puberulous ; segments 5, narrowly lanceolate-linear,
pointed ; corolla-tuhe funnel-shaped, straight or nearly so, minutely
and rather sparingly glandular-puberulous outside, 1-3 in. long;
throat. yellow within, very minutely sessile-glandular ; limb some-
what oblique, 1-3 in. in diam., spreading; lobes purple within,
rounded, entire, ;;-} in. long; stamens glabrous; filaments filiform,
longer than the corolla-tube ; anthers all alike, rounded ; style
inserted ; capsule ovoid, glabrous, + in. long. Chenostoma rotundi-
folium, Benth. in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 374, and in DQ. Prod.
#2864
SoutH AFRica: without locality, Drége, 4842!
CENTRAL REGION, between 3000 and 4000 ft.: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Sneeaw"
berg Range, Bolus, 466! stony places at the foot of Oude Berg, MacOwan-
Murraysburg Div. ; banks of streams near Murraysburg, Tyson, 173! Colesberg
Div. ; between Colesberg and Hanover, Shaw !
4. S. pauciflora (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an under-—
shrub ; stems procumbent, divaricately branched; branches elon-—
Sutera, | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 251
gated, wiry, more or less pubescent, terete; branchlets opposite,
divarieate, rather slender, pubescent ; internodes mostly exceeding
the leaves ; leaves opposite, obovate or ovate-rotund, obtuse, wedge-
shaped sometimes abruptly so towards the base, coarsely dentate,
rather thick, yellowish-green, viscid-pubescent on both faces, 2 in.
long, {4 in. broad; petiole about ;1; in. long, viscid-pubescent ;
flowers few, axillary and subterminal, 4-2 in. long, ebracteate ;
peduncle 3—5 in. long, viscid-pubescent ; calyx 1—1 in. long, viscid-
pubescent ; segments 5, narrowly lanceolate-linear, subacute; corolla-
tube funnel-shaped, straight or nearly so, viscid-puberulous outside,
~~ in. long; lobes rounded, entire, ;!,—-} in. long; stamens glabrous ;
filaments exserted or included ; anthers all alike, rounded ; style
exserted or included ; capsules shorter than the calyx, about ,'; in. long.
Chenostoma pauciflorum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 374,
and in DC. Prodr. x. 354, Chenostoma pauciflorum, Drége, Zwei
Pfhlanzengeogr. Documente, 59, 172 (a not b), not 52.
Coast Rea@ton: Port Elizabeth Div. ; Krakakamma, Ecklon, 360! Albany
Div, ; hills near Grahamstown, Bunbury, 150! :
Crentrat Reeron: Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld, between Rhinoster Kop
and Ganzefontein, 3500-4500 ft., Drége, 745a !
5. 8. roseoflava (Hiern) ; suffruticose, shortly pubescent, much
branched, deeumbent or procumbent, 4-18 in. high, apparently
perennial; branches elongated or intricate, pale or dark brown,
helow subterete, puberulous and wiry or woody; branchlets opposite
or the upper alternate, divaricate, procumbent or ascending, slender,
wiry, pallid, leafy ; internodes about equalling or exceeding the
leaves; leaves opposite, broadly ovate or the upper oval-ovate,
obtuse, rounded or somewhat narrowed at the base, firmly mem-
branous, serrate-dentate, glandular-puberulous, sessile or subsessile,
4 in. long, 1—8 in. broad; flowers rather numerous, racemose
and axillary, 3 in. long, pink and yellow ; racemes terminal, rather
lax ; pedicels rather slender, 1-2 in. long, glandular-puberulous,
braeteate at the base; bracts like the leaves but smaller; calyx
glandular-hispid, deeply 5-lobed, }—} in. long; segments sublinear,
obtuse ; corolla-tube funnel-shaped, glandular-puberulous or -pubes-
cent outside, 1—1 in. long; limb spreading, about 37 in. in diam. ;
lobes semicircular’ or semi-oval, rounded, entire, spreading or
revolute, ;1—1 in. long; throat glandular; stamens glabrous, ex-
serted; anthers rather small; style glabrous, shortly exserted ;
capsules oval-ovoid, minutely or obsoletely glandular, } in. long.
Coast Rearon: East London Div. ; sea-coast near East London, 20-50 ft.,
Galpin, 1878! Humansdorp Div.; hillside at Humansdorp, 300 ft., (/alpin,
4377!
6. S. elliotensis (Hiern); erect, much branehed, 2 ft. high or
more, rigidly herbaceous above, puberulous ; branches obtusely
quadrangular, purplish; branchlets opposite or the upper alternate,
erect-patent or ascending, rather slender ; internodes mostly 1-1} in. |
252 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Sutera.
long ; leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate, elliptical, obtusely
pointed or subacute, somewhat narrowed at the sessile base, sub-
membranous, minutely glandular-puberulous, dentate, 1—12 in. long,
4_8 in. broad; flowers numerous, thyrsoid-racemose, about }—} in.
long ; racemes terminal, many-flowered, comparatively dense, oblong,
somewhat compound, 1-6 in. long, 3—12 in. broad; ultimate pedicels
short ; bracts narrow ; calyx }—1 in. long, deeply 5-lobed, glandular-
puberulous ; segments linear-subulate, acute; corolla-tube 4—} in.
long, narrowly cylindrical-funnel-shaped, nearly straight, minutely
glandular-puberulous outside; limb patent, 1—1 in. in diam. ; lobes
oblong or subrotund, unequal, ;—3; in. long; stamens included or
one pair appearing at the mouth of the corolla-tube; capsule ovoid-
oval, obsoletely glandular, +; in. long, obtuse.
Eastern RecGion: Tembuland; on the high plain by the Slang River, near
Elliot, 5000 ft., Bolus, 8762 !
7. 8. polelensis (Hiern) ; suffruticose, softly pubescent, branched,
about 1 ft. high or more, apparently perennial ; branches rambling, ©
pale brown, below subterete, puberulous and woody ; branchlets
opposite or alternate, ereet or ascending, rather slender, wiry, pallid,
more or less leafy; internodes equalling or rather exceeding the
leaves ; leaves opposite, broadly ovate or cordiform, mostly obtuse,
broadly subcordate or subtruncate at the base, membranous, incise-
dentate, subsessile, subamplexicaul, 111 in. long and broad ; teeth
sometimes sparingly toothed; flowers few or somewhat numerous,
racemose and axillary, 4-2 in. long, white and orange; racemes
terminal ; pedicels slender, or moderately firm, 1—$ in. long, glan-
dular-pubescent, bracteate at the base; bracts smaller than the
leaves, similar or lanceolate; calyx glandular-pubescent, deeply
5-lobed, about 4-1 in. long ; segments narrow from a broader base,
subulate, acute; corolla-tube subcylindrical, nearly straight, nearly
glabrous , upwards slightly widened and yellow, ;°,—2 in. long, about
the middle about {5 in. in diam.; limb spreading, pallid above,
about 1-1 in. in diam.; lobes 5, oval-oblong, rounded, entire,
Hs—y5 In. long ; throat minutely glandular; stamens glabrous, just
included or two partly exserted ; anthers reniform ; style equalling
the corolla-tube, glabrous; capsules ovoid, obsoletely glandular,
rs—i in. long. eS :
EasTERN ReGion: Natal; Drakensberg Range, near Polela, 6000-7000 ft-,
Evans, 518! Cathkin Peak, 8000 ft., Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4949! .
8. 8. flexuosa (Hiern); herbaceous, low, 2-4 in. high; stems
procumbent, terete, slender, rigid, glandular-puberulous, pallid,
branched; branches numerous, divaricate, erect or ascending;
branchlets often zigzag, very slender, with short thick whitish
glandular-pubescence ; internodes rather longer than the leaves;
leaves mostly alternate or the lower opposite, ovate, obtuse or sub-
acute, rounded or somewhat narrowed at the base, dentate, mem-
branous, subglabrous, minutely sessile-glandular, somewhat shining,
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 253
a~s in. long, 3-2 in. broad; petioles up to # in. long, puberulous ;
flowers axillary and terminal, forming lax terminal leafy racemes,
rather numerous, about 1-1 in. long; peduncles filiform, divaricate,
glandular-pilose, 12 in. long: calyx glandular-pilose, deeply 5-lobed,
Tz-ro in. long in flower, 1-1 in. long in fruit; segments linear,
obtuse; corolla-tube cylindrical, rather slender, a little widened
gradually upwards, nearly straight, minutely glandular, about + in.
long; limb narrow, spreading ; style filiform, glabrous, exserted ;
capsule ovoid-oblong, about + in. long; seeds about 3, in. long,
numerous.
Kavawari ReGion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, near
the Kloof village, Burchell, 1655!
9. 8. campanulata (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; suffruti-
cose, annual, perhaps sometimes perennial, more or less shaggy with
whitish spreading hairs, 4-18 in. high, branched ; branches opposite
or the upper alternate and erect or ascending, the lower procumbent
and elongated, moderately leafy ; leaves opposite or sometimes the
upper alternate, ovate or elliptical or the upper oblong or sublinear,
obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, sessile or shortly petiolate, more or
less sparingly pilose, firmly herbaceous, rather strongly dentate,
#1 in. long, {,-2 in. broad ; flowers pink, numerous, racemose,
terminal and axillary, 1-2 in. long; pedicels slender, viscid-puberu-
lous, }~1 in. long; bracts basal, lanceolate, sessile, entire or sparingly
toothed, smaller than the leaves; calyx 1-1 in. long in flower, a
little longer in fruit, viscid-hispid ; lobes 5, lanceolate-linear, sub-
obtuse, about two-thirds as long as the calyx; corolla-tube broadly
funnel-shaped, straight, minutely sessile-glandular outside, about
eee ee
Coast ReGaion, from 200-6400 ft.: Swellendam Div. ; hills near Hemel en
Aarde, Krauss. Knysna Div.; near Plettenberg Bay, Bowie, 9! Uitenhage Div. ;
near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 1032! 3500!, 3501! Alexandria Div. ; Zuur-
berg Range, Drége, 7910! Zwart Hoogte, Eckon, 200! Quagga Flats, Ecklon !
Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort, Hutton! Assegai Bosch, Baur! near Grahams-
town, Bolton ! MacOwan, 44! Bothas Berg, Bawr ! and without precise locality,
Cooper, 1537! Bowie! East London Div.; East London, Kuntze. Queenstown
Div. ; Andriesberg, near Bailey, Galpin, 2113! Cathcart Div.; Blesbok Flats,
Drége, 548} !
CENTRAL Rxeoion: Murraysburg Div. ;
Katanari Region, between
tain, near Barberton, Galpin, 87
Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6058 !
near Murraysburg, Tyson, 133!
1: Puaneraal; ‘Saddleback Moun-
5! Jeppestown Ridge, near Johannesburg,
254 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern), | Sutera.
10. S. polysepala (Hiern) ; a shrub, 1-2 ft. high or more, erect,
apparently perennial; branehes ascending, subvirgate, papillose-
seabrid, not pubescent, somewhat shining, rigid, moderately robust,
leafy ; branchlets opposite or alternate, few; leaves opposite or the
upper alternate, oval, elliptieal or obovate-oblong, obtuse, wedge-
shaped at the base, sessile, irregularly crenulate or dentieulate, rigidly
membranous, minutely glandular-scabrid, very narrowly revolute on
the margin, rather pallid beneath, 1-11. in. long, 2—% in. broad ;
flowers racemose, numerous, about 1—1 in. long ; racemes terminal,
elongating, dense at least above, 3-6 in. long, simple or somewhat
compound; bracts like the leaves, rather smaller and narrower,
denticulate or entire ; pedicels 1—2 in. long, firm, glandular-papillose ;
calyx glandular-hispid, 1-1 in. long, mostly 8-cleft about $-way
down; lobes lanceolate or obtusely subulate, erect, persistent ;
corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped, 1-2, in. long, nearly straight,
minutely glandular outside ; limb about # in. in diam., spreading;
lobes oval, 1 in. long, rounded, entire ; one pair of stamens exserted,
the other included; style exserted; capsule ovoid-oblong, pallid,
minutely glandular, 1 in. long.
Coast Region: Komgha Div.; flat near the mouth of the Kei River, 200 ft.,
Flanagan, 1061 !
11. S. calycina (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. ii. 467); suffruticose,
shortly and sparingly pilose or nearly glabrous, about 1 ft. high,
erect, loosely branched from the base ; branches opposite or alternate,
ascending ; branchlets leafy ; leaves opposite, oblong or sublinear,
obtuse, narrowed towards the base, sessile or subsessile, glabrous oF
shortly glandular-puberulous, dentate, 4-1 in. long, ;',—} in. broad ;
flowers numerous, racemose, }—1 in. long ; racemes terminal, rather
dense at least above, simple or slightly eompound ; pedicels rather
slender, minutely glandular-puberulous, mostly ';-} in. long;
bract basal, lanceolate or linear, small; calyx deeply 6—8-lobed,
mostly ;%,-1 in. long; lobes linear-subulate, minutely glandular-
puberulous ; corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped, minutely glandular
outside, about 2 in. long, straight ; lobes rounded, about ;}, in. long;
stamens didynamous, glabrous, one pair exserted. Chenostoma
calycinum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 374, and in DC. Prodr.
x. 354. Cheenostoma calycinum, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 145, 147, not 47.
Vax. B, laxiflora (Hiern); lower pedicels ;,-3 in. long; calyx § in. long;
lobes narrowly lanceolate-linear, more subulate. (. calycinum, var. B, laaiflora,
Benth., UW. ce., partly,
Sour Arrica: Var. 8: without precise locality, Gill!
EasteRN Rxcron, between 500 and 2000 ft.: ‘Transkei; between Gekau
(Geua) River and Bashee River, Drége, 4860! Var. 8: near the Bashee
River, Drége, 4732!
42. S. procumbens (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); suffruti-
cose, apparently perennial, prostrate, thick, woody and much :
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 255
branched at the base, glandular-puberulous ; branches short or some-
what elongated, wiry, spreading, up to 5 in. long; branchlets
opposite, rather short, moderately leafy, dull grey-green; leaves
opposite, ovate or oval-oblong, obtuse, more or less narrowed at or
towards the base, sessile or subsessile, subdentate, viscid-puberulous
or minutely glandular, rather thick, 1—? in. long, ;— in. broad ;
flowers racemose, 1—} in. long; racemes terminal, short or elongating,
simple or somewhat compound ; pedicels rather firm, viscid-puberu-
lous, 1% in. long, alternate or subopposite; bracts basal, ovate or
oval-oblong, smaller than the leaves, foliaeeous; calyx viscid-
puberulous, deeply 5-lobed, ,3, in. long in flower, 2 in. long in fruit ;
segments lanceolate-linear, pointed ; corolla-tube cylindrical-funnel-
shaped, minutely sessile-glandular outside, nearly straight, somewhat
oblique at the mouth, 1-1 in. long; limb about 1-1 in. broad; lobes
vey in. long; anthers more or less exserted, rounded; style
exserted ; capsule ovoid, obtuse, somewhat compressed, }—,%, in.
long. Chenostoma procumbens, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
i. 374, and in DC. Prodr. x. 354. Choenostoma procumbens, Drége,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 138, 172.
. Centra Re@ion: Somerset Div.; near the Fish River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége,
914!
13. S. intertexta (Hiern) ; an undershrub, intricately branched,
perennial, about 6 in. high ; stems prostrate and spreading, tortuous,
interlacing, woody, pubescent ; branches patent, opposite or alternate,
sometimes secund aud erect, wiry, rather short, shortly pubescent,
leafy; upper internodes short; leaves ovate or lanceolate, obtuse,
narrowed at the base, dentate, rather thick, pubescent or hispid,
shortly petiolate or the upper sessile, }—} in. long, Te-1o in. broad,
opposite or the upper alternate; flowers 4—} in. long, axillary and
together forming terminal leafy racemes; bracts like the leaves but
smaller ; peduncles and pedicels ;1;—} in. long, 1-flowered, hispid ;
calyx hispid, deeply 5-lobed, 1—,; in. long; segments sublinear,
pointed ; corolla-tube funnel-shaped, narrow at the base, glandular-
puberulous outside, + in. long; lobes spreading, 3\5—y's in, long,
rounded, entire; throat not bearded ; stamens glabrous; filaments
filiform, one pair exceeding the corolla-tube, the other shorter ;
— rounded ; style included ; capsule ovoid, glabrous, } in.
ong.
Coast RuGion: Port Elizabeth Div.; Algoa Bay, Cooper, 1452!
14. §. cwrulea (Hiern); a finely viscid-pilose or pubescent
undershrub or erect herb, perennial or annual, 6-18 in. high; stem
subterete ; branches many, opposite or the upper alternate, divaricate
suberect or subfastigiate, wiry, leafy ; leaves opposite or quasi-fascicu-
late or the upper alternate, linear, oblanceolate or oblong, obtuse or
Subacute, narrowed below, dentate or subentire, spreading, 5-1; in.
long, 3'5-} in. broad ; petioles 0 or up to } in. long; flowers loosely
256 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
racemose, ebracteolate; pedicels rather slender, terete, spreading,
viscid-pilose, bracteate, mostly alternate, 1-3 in. long; bracts basal,
like the leaves but smaller, often acute; ealyx deeply 5-cleft,
persistent, very finely viscid-pilose outside, ereet, ,—1 in. long;
segments lanceolate or ovate, imbrieate, subacute, the posterior one
sometimes larger; corolla-tube very short, funnel-shaped or cylin-
drical, about equalling the calyx, whitish below, yellow above ; limb
rotate, flat, 5-cleft, blue, bright purplish-blue or pale rosy, }—} in. in
diam. ; lobes obovate, rounded, entire, nearly equal, ~,—+ in. long,
the two posterior slightly shorter than the rest and exterior ; throat
or mouth saffron-yellow, wide, marked with 5 small humps; stamens
exserted, all fertile, sometimes with a fifth barren ; filaments on the
upper part of the corolla-tube from greenish to yellowish, at first
erect, later inclined by opposite pairs above, filiform, two of them
dilated and compressed below the anthers ; anthers alike, reniform,
almost horseshoe-shaped when young; pollen smooth, very small,
marked with 3 furrows; style filiform, somewhat compressed above,
exceeding the corolla-tube, equalling the stamens, erect, slightly
pilose: stigma lanceolate, simple, blunt, compressed, glabrous;
capsule ovoid or oblong, pointed, 31 in. long; valves bifid; seeds
numerous, small, subrotund. Manulea cerulea, Linn. f. Suppl. 289;
Thunb. Prodr, 101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 467. Buchnera
viscosa, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. i. ii. 357 ; Bot. Mag. t. 217. Hrinus
viscosus, Salish. Prodr. 94. M. rotata, Desrouss.in Lam. Encycl.
iii. 706. M. viscosa, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 653 ; Fritzsche,
Beitr. Kenntn. Pollen, 23. Sphenandra viscosa, Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 378, and in DC. Prodr. x. 358; Harv. Gen.
S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 259. Sphenandra cerulea, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.
South Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! and cultivated
specimens.
Coast Region, between 50 and 2000 ft.: Worcester Div.; Hex River
Kloof and Valley, Drége, Wolley Dod, 4012! Bolus, 5213! Cape Div.; near
Rondebosch, Bolus, 8035! Swellendam Div. ; Tradouw Mountains, Drege, 548a!
near the River Zondereinde, Zeyher, 1286! Riversdale Div.; Barrydale,
Galpin, 4374! Mossel Bay Div; Gauritz River, Burchell, 6410! 6480!
Willowmore Div.; between Willowmore and the Zwartberg Range, Bolus,
2414! Humansdorp Div.; by the Gamtoos River, Burchell, 4791! Komgha
Div. ; by the Kei River, Flanagan, 1082!
CenTRAL Rea@ion: Wodehouse Div.; valleys near the Stormberg Range,
Mrs. Barber!
aa Region : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Klyn Fontein, 1500 ft., Schlechter,
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; by the Caledon River, Burke,
222! Sand River, Burke, 490! Zeyher, 1287! Mrs. Barber! near Vredetort
Road, Barrett-Hamilton! Transvaal; near the Little Olifant River, Schlechter,
4018! near Botsabelo, Schlechter, 4072! Magaliesberg, Zeyher, 1288! Burke!
Bezuidenhout Valley, Rand, 726! !
EasTtERN Reeion: Natal; Mohlamba Range, 5000-6000 ft., Suther land !
Van Reenens Pass and Charlestown, Kwntze.
15. 8. palustris (Hiern); trichotomous, herbaceous above, erect;
closely branched, 1-2 ft. high; branches opposite, numerous, erect- Se
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 257
patent or ascending, glandular-puberulous or nearly glabrous, slender,
rigid, reddish-brown or pale green, leafy; leaves opposite, often
pseudo-fasciculate, linear, obtuse, sessile, glandular-puberulous,
entire or subrepand or slightly toothed, revolute along the margins,
47% in. long; flowers }—t in. long, numerous, racemose, pink with
the eye yellow ; racemes terminal, not very dense, often somewhat
zigzag, 2—4 in. long, bracteate, glandular-puberulous ; bracts linear or
subulate, alternate, gradually smaller than the leaves; pedicels
s—s in. long, glandular-puberulous from the axils of the bracts ;
calyx campanulate, 5-fid, glandular and pubescent outside with
whitish hairs, glabrous inside, 3 in. long, pale green ; lobes triangular-
subulate or lanceolate, acute, 74,7; in. long; corolla funnel-shaped,
sparingly glandular outside; tube nearly equalling the calyx ; lobes
obovate, about ;4,—;4, in. long, somewhat spreading, entire ; stamens
just exserted, glabrous; anthers alike, subreniform ; two of the
filaments short and inserted at the throat of the corolla, the others
longer and inserted on the corolla-tube ; style filiform, exserted,
exceeding the stamens, slightly thickened upwards, nearly glabrous ;
ovary glabrous ; capsule ;}, in, long.
KaALanari Reoion: Transvaal; common in marshy places near Johannes»
burg, E. 8. OC. A. Herb. 869! Mrs. Stainbank in Herb. Wood. 3643! Mrs.
Saunders! Galpin, 1887! Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehimann, 4533!
4502! 4118!
16. 8. halimifolia (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; suffruticose,
annual or perennial, woody at the base, much branched below,
procumbent or suberect, 3-12 in. high; branches wiry, minutely
glandular-scaly or very nearly glabrous, rather slender, opposite,
the lower usually crowded and often elongated ; branchlets opposite
or alternate, erect or ascending, leafy, slender, wiry, green-hoary ;
leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, oblanceolate or linear, obtuse,
narrowed towards the subsessile or sessile base, glabrous, green-
hoary especially beneath, denticulate or subentire, flat or revolute on
the margin, rather thick, 1-1 in. long, ;g—} in. broad ; flowers lilac
or pink, 11 in. long, numerous, racemose and axillary; racemes
rather lax, many-flowered, terminal; pedicels alternate or the lowest
Opposite, slender, glabrous, }—% in. long ;_ bracts basal, small and
subulate or the lowest foliaceous; calyx minutely sessile-glandular,
deeply 5-cleft, 1-2 in. long ; lobes lanceolate-linear, subobtuse ;
_corolla-tube funnel-shaped, subglabrous outside, straight, yo-§ in.
long; lobes obovate, rounded, entire, nearly equal, spreading, ,';—}
in. long; throat a little bearded; stamens exserted; anthers
rounded ; style exserted beyond the stamens ; capsule }—} in. long.
S. pumila, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467. Chanostoma halimi-
folium, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 375, and in DC. Prodr.
x. 354. OC. pumilum, Benth. in Hook. lc, and in DC. l.e., 355.
Chenostoma halimifolium, Drige, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 56,
60, 62, 65,172. Chonostoma pumilum, Drége, l.c., 66, 172. Budd-
leja virgata, Linn. Herb. ex Benth. in DQ. Prodr. x. 354 (Buddea),
VOL. IV.—SECcT. II.
258 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
partly. Sphenandra cinerea, Engl. Jahrb. x. 253. Manulea
halimifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235.
Soutn ArFRica: without locality, Zeyher, 1289! :
Coast Rearton, between 2000 and 5000 ft.: Uitenhage Div. ; Ecklon §
Zeyher, 281! Queenstown Div.; on flats and hills, Cooper, 1827! Baur,
981! Galpin, 1650! 2677! 2678! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber! Bowker,
778 |
CENTRAL REGIon, between 2500 and 5000 ft.: Prince Albert Div.; by the
Gamka River, Burke! Willowmore Div.; near Aasvogel Mountain, Drége, 833d!
Zwaanepoels Poort, Drege, 7917b! Somerset Div.; Bowker, 125! Graaff
Reinet Div.; near Wagenpads Mountain, Burchell, 2832! near Graaff Reinet,
Ecklon & Zeyher, 117! 402! Bolus, 29! 74! Aberdeen Div. ; in the Camdeboo,
Drége, 883b! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld Mountains, Drége, Sutherland
Div.; by Great Reed River, Burchell, 1377 ; Richmond Div. ; near Styl Kloof,
Drége, 883a! Albert Div.; Burke ! Cooper, 779! 2859! Colesberg Div., Shaw !
Philipstown Div. ; at Bavers Pan, Burchell, 2704!
KataHart Reeron, between 3000 and 4000 ft:: Griqualand West; at
Griqua Town, Burchell, 1960-1! at the foot of the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell,
2075! near Hebron, Nelson, 184! Bechuanaland; Grootfontein near Kuruman,
Marloth, 1126! Batlapin Territory, Holub! Transvaal; near Koorn River,
Nelson, 393! near Potchefstrom, MacLea in Herb. Bolus, 117!
Eastern Reeion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! by the Tsomo
River, Mrs. Barber! Bowker, 815! Tembuland; St. Marks, Bowker, 362!
17. 8. stenophylla (Hiern); an undershrub, pallid, somewhat
shining, about a foot high; rootstock woody; stems ereet or ascend-
ing, rather slender, rigid, tetragonous, moderately leafy, branched at
the base or simple, usually branched at or near the inflorescence,
subvirgate, minutely and inconspicuously glandular-papillose ; inter-
nodes mostly 4-1 in. long; branches opposite; leaves opposite, sub-
linear, pungent, not much narrowed towards the sessile connate
bases, entire, hard, rather thick, revolute on the margin, minutely
glandular-papillose or -dotted, 1-11 in. long, =); in. broad;
flowers racemose, rather numerous, i—;3; In. long ; racemes terminat-
ing the stem and branches, corymbosely arranged, few-flowered, ©
simple or somewhat compound, 1-2 in. long in flower; pedicels
3-+ in. long, shortly and closely glandular, divaricate, alternate ;
bracts small, subulate ; calyx minutely glandular and sprinkled with
whitish scaly papillee, unequally 5-cleft to or below the middle, about
+ in. long; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute ; corolla-tube cylindrical-
funnel-shaped, glandular-puberulous outside, about 1 in. long; throat
somewhat hispid ; limb somewhat spreading, about + in, in diam. 5
lobes oval-oblong, obtuse, entire, about + in. long ; stamens exserted 5
capsule 1,—} in. long,
Coast ReGion: Oudtshoorn Div.; in gravelly places at Klipdrift, in the
great Karroo, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 2250! : Hy :
18. 8. subnuda (Hiern); a wiry herb, 1-11 ft. high, perhaps
perennial ; stems erect or ascending, pallid, shining, glabrous below,
branched; branches opposite, divaricate, rather slender, pale grey- a
green, viscid-pubescent above; leaves opposite, distant, sublineat —
obtuse at each end, sessile, somewhat clasping at the base, entire,
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). 259
shining, minutely sessile-glandular, 1-2 in, long, 35—;; in. broad,
revolute along the margins, the upper smaller; flowers racemose,
rather numerous, 41-1 in. long; racemes lax, terminal, paniculate ;
pedicels divaricate, alternate or opposite, rather rigid, glandular-
papillose, 1-2 in. long; bracts basal, like the leaves or sublanceolate,
smaller; calyx densely glandular-papillose, deeply 5-lobed, }—1 in,
long; segments sublinear, pointed; corolla yellow or orange (N. H,
Brown); tube ~5-} in. long, glandular-puberulous outside, funnel-
shaped, a little curved ; limb 1-1 in, in diam.; lobes broadly oval or
rotund, rounded, entire, ;4;-} in. long, 74-1 in. broad, spreading or
reflexed; stamens exserted ; filaments glabrous or nearly so ; anthers
glabrous, subreniform ; style exserted, slightly clavate and minutely
glandular-puberulous towards the apex; capsules ovoid-oblong,
shining, obsoletely glandular, about 3 in. long. Chenostona subnu-
dum, N. EF. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 128.
Coast Recion: Riversdale Div.; Muiskraal, near Garcias Pass, 1500 ft.,
Galpin, 4875!
19. S. laxiflora (O. Kuntze, Rev, Gen. Pl. ii. 467); apparently
annual, woody and shrubby below, subherbaceous above, erect or
procumbent, much branched, minutely glandular-puberulous or nearly
glabrous, about 1 ft. high; branches rather slender, wiry, often
fastigiate, leafy ; leaves opposite, narrowly elliptical or oblanceolate,
obtuse or apiculate, attenuate or wedge-shaped at the base, minutely
sessile-glandular, sparingly dentate or denticulate, }—-1 in. long, ;';—-}
in. broad, shortly petiolate or subsessile ; flowers numerous, racemose,
-} in. long; racemes terminal, rather lax, many-flowered, simple or
somewhat compound ; pedicels rather slender, minutely glandular-
puberulous, 1—2 in. long; braet basal, lanceolate-oblong, sessile,
foliaceous, smaller than the leaves; calyx glandular, deeply 5-lobed,
vo-} in. long; segments linear-lanceolate, narrowed towards the
subobtuse apex; corolla-tube 3-1 in. long, funnel-shaped, shortly
cylindrical below, nearly straight, sparingly and minutely glandular
outside ; limb 2-2 in. broad ; lobes rounded, entire, }—} in. long;
stamens glabrous; filaments filiform, inserted about the glabrous
corolla-throat, all exceeding the tube ; anthers rounded ; style
exserted, intermediate in length between the two pairs of filaments,
rather thicker towards the apex; capsule ;'5—} in. long. Cheenos-
toma laxiflorum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i, 374, and in
DO. Prodr, x. 354. Chanostoma laxiflorum, Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 141, 172.
Coast Reeion: King Williamstown Div. ;
Bathurst Div.; on dry hills near Fish River,
791la! Albany Div.; shady places near Blue Krantz,
and without precise locality, Williamson !
Keiskamma (ex Bentham, but in
below 1000 ft., ex Drége), Drege,
1000 ft., Bolus, 1947!
20. 8. polyantha (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an annual
herb, rigid sy wiry, ee and often shrubby at the base, arent or
ascending, more or less branched from the base upwards, 6-12 in,
s2
260 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
high ; branches paniculate or corymbose, viscid-pubescent above, the
lower spreading and opposite, the upper alternate or opposite and
ascending, leafy ; leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate, ovate,
elliptical or lanceolate, obtusely narrowed, more or less wedge-shaped
at the base, dentate, puberulous or glabrous, 1-11 in. long, ;’;—} in.
broad ; petioles up to 2 in. long; flowers racemose and axillary,
blueish lilac, 1-3 in. long, numerous; pedicels 1~% in. long, rather
slender, glandular-pilose or glabrous, opposite or alternate; bracts
basal, ovate or lanceolate, rather obtuse, sessile, entire or sparingly
toothed, smaller than the leaves; ealyx glandular-hispidulous,
deeply 5-lobed, 1-1 in. long; segments lanceolate or linear, rather
obtuse; corolla-tube funnel-shaped, nearly straight, 1-1 in. long,
minutely sessile-glandular above ; throat glabrous and saffron-yellow
inside ; limb spreading, saffron-yellow outside; lobes 5, obovate-
rounded, entire, 2—1 in. long; stamens glabrous, exserted ; anthers
rounded ; style exserted, exceeding the filaments; capsules ovoid or
oblong, about 3-1 in. long. Chenostoma polyanthum, Benth. in
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 375, andin DO. Prodr, x. 354. Manulea
polyantha, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 236.
Coast Rearoy, between 100 and 4000 ft.: Knysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay,
Burchell, 5333! Willowmore Div.; on the Zwartberg Range, Bolus, 2416!
Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, Ecklon § Zeyher, 379! near the Zwartkops
River, Zeyher, 124! 584! Ecklon! Port Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth,
100 ft., Bolus, 2236! Cape Recife, Ecklon, 426! Bathurst Div.; near the source
of Kasuga River, Burchell, 3910! Albany Div.; Fish River Heights, Hutton !
Bedford Div.; near Bedford, Cooper, 2856! Stockenstrom Diy.; Kat Berg,
Shaw in Herb. Bolus, 1991! Seymour, Scully, 24! Queenstown Div. ; Lesseyton
Nek, Galpin, 1815! King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma, Hutton ! near King
Williams Town, Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus Herb. Norm. 855! Perie Wood, ©
Kuntze. British Kaffraria, Cooper, 178!
Cenrrat ReEGIon: Colesberg Div. ; between Colesberg and Hopetown,
Shaw! Carolus Poort, Burchell, 2755! Philipstown Div.; near Petrusville,
Burchell, 2682!
Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Pere Kop, Rehinann, 6346!
With this species should be compared Chenostoma calycinum, var. B ?
laviflora, Benth. in Hook. Comp, Bot. Mag. i. 374, und in DC. Prodr. x. 354.
Chenostoma calycinum, B (b), Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 172, 47;
so far as it applies to the following specimen :— :
Coast Region: Cathcart Diy.; Blesbok Flats, near Windvogel Mountain,
3000 ft., Drége, 5485 !
21. S. neglecta (Hiern); an erect herb, sparingly branched,
woody at the base, 1-11 ft. high, apparently perennial; stems
several from the woody rootstock, terete, rigid, densely puberulous
with very short thin brownish hairs ; leaves opposite, linear-oblong,
obtuse, subamplexicaul, sessile, distantly and unequally dentate ot
subentire, coriaceous, puberulous on both faces with very short thin
hairs especially beneath on the prominent midrib, 1-1} in. long,
J5—} in. broad ; lateral veins obscure; flowers axillary and racemose,
arranged in simple or divided leafy or bracteate racemes ; pedicels
}~21 in. long, opposite ; bracts basal, ovate or lanceolate or subulate ;
calyx deeply 5-cleft; tube subhemispherical ; lobes 5, linear
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 261
lanceolate, erect, shortly hispid, :,—1 in. long, } in. broad; corolla
funnel-shaped ; tube short, 1-1 in. long; limb 5-toothed ; lobes
equal, entire, spreading, } in. long, white or rosy; throat yellow ;
stamens subdidynamous, ineluded or shortly exserted; anthers 1-celled,
reniform, membranous on the margin; ovary ovoid, glandular ; style
filiform, glandular; stigma obtuse; fruit i-1 in. long; seeds
numerous. Chenostoma neglectum, Wood & Evans in Journ. Bot.
1897, 352 ; Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 121.
Katanarr Ree@ion: Orange River Colony; near Harrismith, Wood, 4817!
and without precise locality, Cooper, 2855! 2858! Transvaal ; Devils Knuckles,
Wilms, 1061! Hoogeveld, Rehmann, 6548! Lake Chrissie, Wilms, 1058!
Middelburg, Wilms, 1053, 1057; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1059, Nelson, 137!
Roe in Herb. Bolus, 2646!
EKAsTeRN Recion, between 5000 and 6000 ft.: Natal; near Charlestown,
Wood, 5241! De Beers Pass, Wood, 6032! Mrs. Saunders, 195! and in Herb.
Wood, 3898! Van Reenens Pass, Wood, 4563!
22. §. affinis (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); suffruticose,
apparently perennial, spreading, about 3 ft. high; stems simple or
branched, procumbent or ascending, glabrous below ; branches leafy,
glandular-scabrid above ; leaves opposite, sometimes quasi-fasiculate
with abbreviated axillary leafy shoots, linear or oblanceolate, obtuse,
narrowed towards the sessile or subsessile base, sparingly toothed,
rather thick, minutely glandular-hispidulous, more or less revolute
on’ the margin, 1-1 in. long, ,—} in. broad ; flowers racemose and
axillary, not numerous, about 1 in. long; pedicels }—} in. long, firm,
glandular-puberulous ; bract basal, ovate or oblong, acuminate or
obtuse, smaller than the leaves, entire, minutely glandular, sometimes
hispidulous ; calyx about +} in. long, deeply 5-lobed ; segments
lanceolate, rather obtuse, sparingly hispidulous, minutely sessile-
glandular; corolla minutely glandular outside; tube cylindrical-
funnel-shaped, 1,8, in. long, nearly straight ; limb spreading ; ~~
obovate-rotund, entire, about 51, in. long; stamens glabrous, short y
exserted ; anthers rounded, not very small; style shortly oe
capsule ovoid-oblong, about 1 in. long. Chenostoma affine, Bernh.
in Flora, 1844, 834; Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 355.
Coast Reeion: Bredasdorp Div. ; Mier Kraal, 250 Ss Schlechter, 10499 !
partly! Knysna Diy.; on hills near Knysna, Krauss, 1615!
23. §. denudata (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; an under-
shrub, 4-12 in. ay erect, branched ; branehes slender, rigid,
ascending, opposite or the upper alternate, glabrous or gs = y
80, minutely glandular, leafy ; leaves opposite, crowd —. :
the extremities of the plant, linear, acute or apiculate, a a
narrowed towards the base, sessile, more or less revolve ” e
Margin, entire or denticulate, minutely glandular, 3—-} im. dong,
a0-y'y in. broad; flowers few or fairly numerous, peg 6 ; “0
long or slightly longer ; pedicels 3} in. long, minutely gl > a e
scabrid; bract basal, ovate or lanceolate, pointed, — ~ ce ;
3 in. long, hispid, glandular, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes lanceo
262 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Sutera.
linear, almost subulate above; corolla glandular outside; tube
cylindrical-funnel-shaped, straight or nearly so, } in. long; limb
spreading, about 2 in. in diam.; lobes obovate-rotund, about } in.
long ; stamens shortly exserted ; anthers rounded ; style exserted;
capsule oval-oblong, } in. long. Cheenostoma denudatum, Benth. in
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 375, and in DC. Prodr. x. 355. Cheenos-
sig denudatum, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 122,
2.
Coast RxGIon: Uniondale Div.; on a stony mountain near Onzer, in Long
Kloof, 2000 ft., Drége, 7916! Ecklon § Zeyher, 352! 407! Knysna Div.;
Viugt Valley, Bolus, 2413!
24. §. levis (Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1903, 364) ; suffruticose,
glandular-puberulous, pale green, about 16 in. high, woody at the |
base, apparently perennial; stems ascending, subvirgate, wiry,
rather slender, subterete at least below, striate below, obtusely
angular and somewhat furrowed above, leafy except at both ex-
tremities ; leaves opposite or subfasciculate, linear, obtusely narrowed
above, gradually narrowed towards the connate base, entire oF
sparingly toothed, firmly herbaceous, not strongly nerved, sessile,
2-1 in. long, ;4—5 in. broad; midrib rather prominent beneath,
narrowly depressed above ; flowers 1—1 in. long, numerous, axillary
and subterminal, forming terminal pyramidal-oblong leafy and
bracteate cymes about 6 in. long; peduncles up to + in. long, slender,
ebracteate or bibracteate ; bracts like the leaves but smaller, very
small or up to + in. long, opposite; ealyx 1,—;'; in. long, strongly
glandular, 5-cleft, campanulate; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, y's—1's
in. long; eorolla funnel-shaped, minutely glandular outside; tube
straight, 7—% in. long; limb spreading, about } in. in diam., not
quite regular; lobes oval or obovate-rotund, about ; in. long, ©
entire ; stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube,
exserted, glabrous, the shorter pair not much exceeding the corolla-
tube, about =; in. long, the longer about } in. long; anthers sub-
reniform, 1-celled, all perfect; pistil + in. long ; ovary glabrous,
oval-oblong, somewhat compressed, , in. long; style exserted, —
minutely glandular-puberulous, nearly straight, slender, somewhat —
dilated towards the bifid stigmatic apex, just exceeding the longet
pair of stamens.
Katauart Reaion: Transvaal; Bezuidenhout Valley, near Johannesourg
Rand, 1156!
25. 8. montana (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467); an annual
herb, glandular-puberulous throughout ; stem branched, leafy on the —
lower part, 10-14 in. high, erect or quickly ascending ; leaves ovale,
pinnatifid, membranous, together with the petiole 4-1 in. long,
3-3 in. broad; lobes dentate; racemes much elongated ; inflorescence —
at length at least 1 ft. long, leafy below ; flowers at length distant
pedicels about twice as long as the bracts or up to about 1 in.
long; calyx-segments nearly free to the base, oblong (or
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 262
elliptical), acute or obtuse, attenuate towards the base, connivent,
equalling the corolla-tube, 11 in. long, } in. in greatest breadth ;
corolla funnel-shaped ; reticulation dark-coloured on a light ground ;
tube 3—4 in. long; lobes as long as the tube, broadly oval, rounded,
entire or slightly retuse, 4; in. broad; style very short, ;4, in. long,
bifid; ripe capsule falling short of the calyx, 1~, in. long.
Chenostoma montanum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 121.
PP atts Recion: Natal; Biggarsberg Range, near the Jaagen, Wilms,
!
26. §. micrantha (Hiern) ; an annual herb, somewhat shrubby
below, erect, 4-8 in. high, branched from the base, glandular-
puberulous ; basal branches ascending or suberect, obtusely angular,
dull, rigid, subvirgate; branchlets few, opposite or alternate, short,
moderately leafy; leaves attenuate or opposite, obovate or elliptical,
obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, incise- or pinnatifid-dentate,
thickly membranous, 1—* in. long, 3-1 in. broad; teeth obtuse ;
petioles ~,-1 in. long; flowers axillary and racemose, forming
terminal leafy and braeteate racemes, each flower about 2 in. long ;
peduncles and pedicels slender, divaricate ; lax below, dense above,
glandular-puberulous, 3}—% in. long; bracts small, oblong; calyx
glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed, about 745-1 in. long; segments
elliptic- or obovate-oblong, obtuse or subapiculate, ;{; in. broad ;
corolla-tube shortly eylindrical, nearly straight, about equalling the
calyx or shortly exceeding it ; limb about + in. in diam. ; lobes oval-
quadrate, rounded at the apex, entire, about ;'; in. long by +g in.
broad, minutely glandular on the back ; stamens and style included ;
pistil about 3 in, long; ovary glandular ; style glabrous.
Katanart. RuGion: Transvaal; between Spitz Kop and Komati River,
Wilms, 1075! Swaziland; Libombo Mountains, Wilms, 1052!
It is doubtful whether this is the same species as Lyperia micrantha, Klotzsch
in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 222 (Chanostoma micranthum, Engl. ex Diels
“ Engl, Jahrb. xxiii, 489) from Rios de Sena in tropical Portuguese East
rica, Es
27. §. breviflora (Hiern) ; an undershrub, branched from the
base ; rootstock perennial ; stems annual, numerous, 4-12 in. high ;
branches proeumbent or ascending, elongated, wiry, terete, sub-
herbaceous above, densely viscid-pubescent, leafy ; leaves opposite or
the upper alternate, often rather distant, broadly ovate, subrotund or
ovate-oblong, obtuse or rounded, subtruncate, subcordate or abruptly
narrowed at the base, crenate or incise-erenate, minutely glandular-
tomentose on both faces, dusky green when dry, +4 lM. long, +-2
in, broad ; hairs many-celled ; petioles s;-} in. long ; flowers
axillary and subterminal, rather few, deep scarlet or dull crimson,
yellow at the throat; pedicels viscid-puberulous or subglabrous,
slender, 3-4 in. long; calyx greenish, densely glandular-pilose,
deeply 5-lobed ; segments oblong-spathulate, concave or more or less
plicate and recurved and rounded, gradually narrowed to the base,
unequal, 3-1 in. long, ;1;—y'; in. broad; corolla-tube funnel-shaped,
264 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). | Sutera.
somewhat recurved above the base, slightly dilated at the apex,
glandular or nearly glabrous outside, about 3 in. long or rather more ;
limb spreading, somewhat bilabiate, 5-cleft, about } in. by 3 in.;
anterior lip trifid, 1 in. long; posterior lip bifid, } in. long; lobes
oval-oblong or rotund, nearly entire, glabrous, }—1 in. long; throat
round, setose and papillose, about 51, in.in diam. ; stamens included,
erect, glabrous; anthers small, round; filaments straight, inserted
about the base of the corolla-tube, firm, rather slender; style glab-
rous, straight, firm, filiform, about 45 in. long; stigma small,
capitate; ovary small, ovoid, minutely glandular-papillose ; ovules
oblong ; capsule glandular-papillose, 1; in. long or at length equal-
ling the somewhat dilated calyx. Lyperia breviflora, Schlechter in
Journ. Bot. 1896, 393. LL. punicea, N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin,
1896, 163. Chenostoma woodianum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii.
474. OC. breviflorum, Diels, lc. 493.
Eastern RxGion, between 3500 and 6000 ft.: Pondoland; Fakus Territory,
Sutherland ! and without precise locality, Bachmann, 1244! Griqualand Hast ;
near Kokstad, Tyson, 1863! 1645! Vaal Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4214!
Natal; Polela, Evans, 6831! Drakensberg Range, Evans, 392! near Nottingham
Road, Wood, 6557! South’ Downs, Wood, 4422! Maritzburg county, Wood,
3572! Klip River, Gerrard, 365 !
28. §. annua (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, slender, simple or
loosely branched, glandular-puberulous or nearly glabrous, rather
shining, 14-8 in. high ; branches opposite or alternate, few, angular ;
upper internodes mostly equalling or exceeding the leaves; leaves
narrowly elliptical or oblanceolate, obtuse or the upper subacute,
wedge-shaped at the base, membranous, dentate, all or the upper
strongly toothed, 1-2 in. long, {3,8 in. broad; petioles up to 1 in.
long ; flowers racemose and in the upper axils, about 1-1 in. long,
few, several or numerous, forming terminal bracteate and somewhat
leafy simple or somewhat compound finely pilose racemes; bracts
narrow, smaller than the leaves ; pedicels slender, up to 1 in. long ;
calyx j;-+ in. long, strongly ciliate-pubescent, deeply 5-lobed ;
segments sublinear, subobtuse ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, puberu-—
lous or thinly pubescent, straight or somewhat curved, 3-1 in. long;
; : 5 .
limb spreading, 25; in. in diam. ; lobes obovate, rounded, entire,
vs~s in. long; throat more or less pilose or hispid; two of the
anthers often partly exserted; style often very shortly exserted ;
capsule ovoid, pallid, obsoletely glandular, 1 in. long. Chanostoma
annuum, Schlechter MSS.
Var. 8, laxa (Hiern) ; flowers about 2 in. long ; pedicels very slender. Che-
nostoma annuum, var. lawum, Schlechter MSS.
Coast REGION, between 300 and 2500 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; near Clan- —
william, Schlechter, 5060! 8022! Bolus, £068! Graaff Water, Schlechter, 8567!
Piquetberg Div.; Piquiniers Kloof, Schlechi 7 VaR. 6: Clanwilliam
Div.; Boontjes River, Schlechter, BOTT
eet
29. S. noodsbergensis (Hiern); somewhat shrubby, subherbaceous
above, perhaps perennial, about 2 ft. high or more, closely branched 5
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 265
branches erect, rigid, obtusely tetragonous, rather robust, more or
less viscid-puberulous, purplish or drab; branchlets opposite, decus-
sate, purplish, viscid-puberulous, rather slender, ascending, sub-
virgate or subfastigiate, moderately leafy ; leaves opposite, elliptical
or oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, shortly petiolate,
denticulate or sparingly toothed above, entire below, firmly or thickly
membranous, glandular-papillose or -puberulous, 3-3 in. long by
z's—t In. broad or rather larger ; lateral veins few, inconspicuous on
the upper face, in relief on the lower; flowers numerous, paniculate,
about 1 in, long; panicles terminal, pyramidal, many-flowered, com-
paratively dense ; bracts smaller than the leaves ; ultimate pedicels
rather rigid and slender, viscid-puberulous, 5-2 in. long; calyx
about 3 in. long, viscid-hispidulous, 5-cleft half-way or a little deeper ;
lobes lanceolate-subulate ; corolla-tube subcylindrieal, slightly curved
towards the apex, minutely glandular outside, nearly 4 in. long;
throat glabrous ; limb about 1-1 in. in diam. ; lobes ;',—;}; in. long,
obovate, entire ; stamens glabrous, inserted on the upper part of the
corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers all alike, one pair shortly
exserted, the other shortly included ; style filiform, glabrous, shortly
nt capsules oval-oblong, obtuse, obsoletely glandular, 4 in.
ong.
Eastern ReGion: Natal ; Noodsberg, 2500 ft., Wood, 105!
30. S. ramosissima (Hiern) ; an undershrub, intricately branched,
softly glandular-pulverulent, somewhat viscid, drab, about 8 in.
high; branches woody, mostly leafless, a little bent at the nodes ;
branchlets alternate, divaricate, rigid, rather slender, the shorter
sometimes subspinescent ; leaves alternate, soon deciduous, obovate-
cuneate, broadly ovate, or subrhomboidal, obtuse, more or less wedge-
shaped or subtruncate at the base, toothed or excisely dentate except
at the base, thick, rather fleshy, shortly petiolate, about y5—} in.
long by ,1,-1 in. broad; flowers about 3-1 in. long, racemose ;
Tacemes numerous, terminal, short, few-flowered ; pedicels 12 in.
longs rather firm, somewhat curved ; calyx glandular-papillose out-
side, smooth and veined inside, firm, 5-cleft rather below the middle,
‘ about 2 in, long; lobes ovate, subacute or subobtuse ; corolla very
thinly membranous, glabrous, obsoletely glandular, veined ; tube
about 2 in. long, lower half subcylindrical, 5-3’; 10. 10 diam., upper
part ventricosely dilated, much curved, about % in, in diam. at the
top ; limb oblique, about % in. broad, spreading ; lobes rounded,
entire, 1-1 in, long; stamens included, glabrous ; anthers reniform,
roundish, .J, in. broad; filaments. 25—;'5 ™- long ; _ ovary ovoid-
conical, minutely and inconspicuously glandular, ;'; in. long ; style
straight, slightly clavate upwards, somewhat glandular, +}, in. long.
WEs N: : ; Pella, on the Orange River, Max
Schlechter, 1st atl Se Ocune amee nes aurhesd, 1600 ft., Schlechter,
48! ;
31. 8. batlapina (Hiern) ; an undershrub, woody and intricate
266 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
below, subherbaceous and divaricately branched above, subglabrous,
minutely glandular-pulverulent above, slightly viscid and shining,
perennial, much branehed, decumbent or ascending, 8-10 in. high or
more ; branches opposite or alternate, sometimes quasi-fasciculate,
rigid, patent or erect-patent, slender, wiry, moderately leafy ; leaves
oppusite or alternate, often quasi-fasciculate, oblanceolate, obtuse,
wedge-shaped to the subsessile base, incisely few-toothed or entire,
rather thick, glistening with small sessile glands, 4} in. long,
qs in. broad ; flowers axillary and racemose, blue, about 3 in.
long, rather numerous, together forming leafy terminal lax oblong
racemes ; pedicels rather rigid, divaricate, 1-1 in. long, glandular-
papillose ; bracts entire, smaller than the leaves; calyx glandular-
-pulverulent, deeply 5-lobed, about 4, in. long; segments sublinear
or oblong, obtuse ; corolla-tube cylindrical and straight except the
slightly dilated and funnel-shaped subgibbous upper part, nearly
2 in. long, viscid and minutely sessile-glandular outside; limb
spreading, about 2 in. in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, }—1 in. long,
rounded, entire; stamens and style ineluded ; capsule ovoid-oblong,
shining, sprinkled with small sessile glands, + in. long.
Katanari Reoion: Bechuanaland; Batlapin Country, Welson, 37!
32. S. arcuata (Hiern) ; somewhat shrubby, subherbaceous above,
perhaps perennial, 1-1} ft. high or more, much branched; stems
erect, decumbent or dependent and ascending, arching above, densely
glandular-pubescent with short whitish rather thick hairs, somewhat
woody and becoming bald below or nearly so, somewhat wiry above;
branches and branchlets opposite, divaricate, more or less arching,
often secund ; internodes 1-13 in. long; leaves opposite, ovate oF
obovate, obtuse or rounded, wedge-shaped at the base, obtusely
dentate except the wedge-shaped lower part, firmly membranous,
papillose-hispidulous, subscabrid, 1 in. long, j,-3 in. broad;
lateral veins 1-3 on each side, not very conspicuous, impressed on
the upper face in relief on the lower; petioles up to } in. long;
flowers numerous, racemose and paniculate, about 3%; in. long;
panicles many-flowered, bracteate and somewhat leafy, terminal,
moderately lax or comparatively dense, more or less arching ; bracts
smaller and narrower than the leaves; pedicels rather slender,
glandular-hispidulous, opposite or alternate, ;1,-} in. long; ealyx
viscid-hispidulous, 5-cleft about half-way down, 3-1 in. long; lobes
subulate ; corolla-tube cylindrical-funnel-shaped, straight or nearly
so, glandular-puberulous outside, about 1 in. long; throat naked ; E
limb spreading, glandular-puberulous on the back, about } 1D- mo
diam. ; lobes oblong or obovate, rounded, entire, ~,—y5 in. long
stamens glabrous; anthers uniform, subreniform, one pair exserted,
the other nearly reaching the corolla-mouth ; style filiform, glabrous,
shortly or nearly included ; capsules oblong, obtuse, glabrous, § 12- long:
OO as ae Recion: Transvaal; Klip Spruit, Steenkamps Mountains, Nelson,
EasteERN ReGion: Natal; Coldstream, Rehmann, 6909!
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). 267
33. S. pedunculosa (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); herba-
ceous or shrubby below, annua] or sometimes perhaps perennial,
pale green, viscid-puberulous, intricately branched; stems pro-
cumbent or flexuous-ereet ; branches opposite or alternate, slender
or wiry, moderately leafy; leaves alternate or the lower opposite,
ovate or oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, ineise- or
pinnatifid-dentate, membranous, 1-1 in. long, 1~2 in. broad ;
petioles up to about 2 in. long; flowers yellow, axillary, numerous,
4—3 Mm. long ; peduncles 1-fiowered, filiform, spreading, $-2 in. long;
calyx ;4-} in. long, glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed ; segments
broadly sublinear, rather obtusely narrowed above; corolla-tube
cylindrical, rather slender, a little widened near the top, straight or
slightly curved above, sparingly glandular outside, about + in, long ;
limb spreading, a little oblique, about 2 in. in diam. ; lobes obovate-
rotund, entire, 31 in. long; throat puberulous; stamens glabrous ;
filaments filiform, short; anthers small, rounded, one pair at the
mouth of the corolla, the other shortly included; style filiform,
rather thicker than the filaments, glabrous, as long as the corolla-
tube; capsule 1 in. long. Chenostoma pedunculosum, Benth. in
Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DO. Prodr. x. 357. Cheenos-
Att pedunculosum, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 90,
9
ale
Western Rearon, between 2000 and 3200 ft.: Little Namaqualand; rocky
places near Silver Fontein, Drége/ in rocky places near Ookiep, MacOwan &
Bolus, Herb. Norm. 661! Arakeep, Schlechter, 11243! and without precise
locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5736!
Also in South-western Tropical Africa.
34. S. cymulosa (Hiern); a robust herb, apparently erect and
perennial, about 1 ft. high; branches subterete below, obtusely
tetragonous above, pale green, with numerous whitish soft hairs and
pulverulent glands; lower internodes 3—3 in. long, the upper mostly
shorter; leaves mostly alternate, ovate or elliptical, more or less
acute or pointed, narrowed at the base, irregularly or deeply dentate,
thinly herbaceous, pale green, more or less whitish pubescent, 4-]8
in. long, 8-8 in, broad; petioles up to ¢ Im. long ; inflorescence
terminal, cymose, compound, leafy below, pyramidal, subcorym bose
or oblong, 2-6 in. long, many-flowered, whitish pubescent ; peduncles
up to} or 2 in. long, spreading, mostly 3-flowered ; pedicels up to
% in. long; bracts usually solitary, basal, narrow, j—{ in. long;
calyx pubescent, 1-1 in. long, deeply 5-lobed, pale green, whitish
pubescent ; segments lanceolate-subulate ; corolla-tube about 45 in.
long, nearly straight, subcylindrical, rather narrow, sparingly pubes-
cent outside, glabrous within; limb about ; m. m diam.; lobes
about 1, in. long, oval, entire, nearly equal ; throat puberulous or
nearly naked ; stamens glabrous, included ; the upper pair inserted
about the middle of the corolla-tube, the lower below the middle ;
anthers reniform, 1-celled, oval, about ;'; in. long ; filaments short,
orm; style glabrous, dusky, including the club-shaped stigma
268 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). | Sutera.
about ;\, in. long; ovary void-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, somewhat
compressed, dusky, 4, in. long; capsule pale green, glabrous, oval-
oblong, 1-1 in. long ; seeds numerous, small.
KaLAHARI ReGion: Orange River Colony ; Roodeval, Barrett-Hamilton!?
35. S. compta (Hiern); apparently suffruticose and branched ;
branches subvirgate, purplish, puberulous all round, leafy, rigid,
moderately robust; hairs whitish ; leaves opposite, sometimes quasi-
fasciculate, oval, rounded or obtuse, shortly narrowed at the sub-
sessile base, dentate, firmly membranous, hispidulous beneath, sub-
scabrid, 3-8 in. long, ;3,-} in. broad; flowers numerous, 1—} in.
long, cymose ; cymes terminal, rather compact, oblong, leafy towards
the base, compound, many-flowered, 6-8 in. long; ultimate pedicels
puberulous, ;1,-1 in. long; bracts small, oblong or subulate ; calyx
viscid-pubescent, 5-cleft scareely half-way down, 1—} in. long in
flower, + in. long in fruit; lobes lanceolate or subulate, acute;
corolla marcescent; tube cylindrical-funnel-shaped, sparingly and
minutely glandular outside, somewhat curved above, 1—1 in. long;
throat glabrous ; limb spreading, about 1 in. in diam.; lobes oblong,
truncate-rounded, entire, ~,-;3 in. long; one pair of anthers
exserted, the other included; style exserted ; capsules oval-oblong,
glabrous, } in. long.
Eastern Region: Natal; hills above Greytown, 4000-5000 ft., Wood,
4333!
36. S. cephalotes (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467, exel. syn.
Thunb.) ; an undershrub, densely branched, perennial, 6-12 in. high,
erect or nearly so; branches numerous, subereet, rather slender,
fastigiate, fuscous below, more or less pilose above, leafy ; leaves
opposite, often quasi-fasciculate, oblanceolate or oblong, obtusely
pointed, wedge-shaped at the base, sessile or subsessile, deeply few-
toothed towards the apex, flat or nearly so, pubescent, 1—3 in. long;
3o71z In. broad ; flowers about 2 in. long, subcapitate, 2-7 together 5
pedicels ,1,—} in. long, glandular-puberulous, opposite or termin
bract small; calyx glandular-hispidulous, deeply 5-lobed, 1—-} i2-
long; segments linear-lanceolate ; eorolla-tube cylindrical, funnel-
shaped at the apex, minutely glandular-puberulous outside, $-y 1-
long; lobes obovate-rotund, entire, 1-1 in. long. Chenostoma
fastigiatum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 356, excl. syn. Chenostoma fastigiatum, Drege, Zwer
Pjlanzengeogr. Documente, 120, 172.
Var. 8, glabrata (Hiern) ; leaves and branches nearly glabrous, Chanostoma
fastigiatum, 8. glabratum, Benth., Ul. cc., excl. syn. :
Coast Reeton, between 500 and 2000 ft.: Caledon Div. ; Babylons Tower,
Ecklon § Zeyher, 86! Swellendam Div. ; rear the lower part of Zondereinde
River, Zeyher, 3503a! 35036! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains,
Ecklon! mountain ridges between Babylons Tower and Caledon, Ecklon S
Zeyher ! near Caledon, Drége, 7908a!
ia
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 269
37. S. ethiopica (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; an under-
shrub, closely branched, perennial, erect or decumbent, 4-12 in.
high ; branches opposite or alternate, woody, patent, thinly pubes-
cent ; branchlets wiry, leafy, more or less pilose or inconspicuously
puberulous, flowering ones sometimes fastigiate and erect; leaves
opposite or sometimes quasi-fasciculate, obovate, oblong or oblanceo-
late, obtuse, more or less wedge-shaped towards the base, sessile or
subsessile, coarsely few-toothed or denticulate or subentire, puberu-
lous or glabrous, smooth, 1—2 in. long, ;';-;4; in. broad; flowers
axillary and racemose, 1—2 in. long; racemes terminal, short, lax
and subcorymbose or somewhat elongating; pedicels opposite or
alternate, finely glandular-pilose, erect, 1-1 in. long; bracts small or
leafy; calyx 1—1 in. long, minutely viscid-glandular, somewhat
hispid, deeply 5-cleft ; segments sublinear, subacute ; corolla yellow ;
tube cylindrical-funnel-shaped, nearly straight, 1-} in. long, minutely
glandular-puberulous outside; lobes 5, spreading, rounded, entire,
Ts—y'5 in. long; capsule ovoid or oblong, ;4;—-} in. long. Buchnera
ethiopica, Linn. Mant. alt. 251. B. ethiopica, Burchell, Trav. S,
Afr. i. 29. Cheenostoma a@thiopicum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 375, and in DC. Prodr. x. 355.
_Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg, 402! Herb. Linneus !
Coast Recaion, between 100 and 800 ft.: Cape Div.; Camps Bay, Burchell,
317! MacGillivray, 567! Bredasdorp Div.; Riet Foutein Poort, Schlechter,
9702! Caledon Div.; Papies Vley, Schlechter, 10142! Humansdorp Div. ; Kruis
Fontein, near Humansdorp, Galpin, 4381 !
38. §. integrifolia (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an
undershrub, loosely branched, subglabrous or puberulous, ereet,
1-2 ft. high or more ; stem cinereous; branches numerous, divari-
cate, wiry, the lower sometimes procumbent and rooting below, leafy
and closely branched above ; branchlets opposite or alternate ; leaves
Opposite or the upper sometimes alternate, elliptical, obovate or
oblanceolate, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, subsessile or scarcely
petiolate, subentire, glabrous or obsoletely puberulous, mostly
3-+ in. long by ;1,—} in. broad, nearly flat or revolute on the margin ;
flowers axillary about the tops of the branchlets or the upper loosely
tacemose, 82 in. long; pedicels rather slender, §—§ in. long ; bracts
foliaceous, smaller than the leaves; ealyx 75-5 10. long, glabrous or
sparingly hairy, deeply 5-lobed; segments sublinear ; corolla-tube
_¢ylindrical, funnel-shaped towards the top, straight or somewhat
curved, minutely glandular-puberulous outside, 5-5 in. long; lobes
obovate-rotund, entire, ;};-} in. long; one pair of stamens included,
the other about equalling the corolla-tube ; eapsule oval, + in. long.
Manulea integrifolia, Linn. f. Suppl. 289 ; Thunb. Prodr. 100, and
Cap. ed. Schult. 467. Chaenostoma integrifolium, Benth. in
Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and in DC. Prodr. x. 356. Che-
rr dey integrifolium, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
te yh a
Var. B, parvifolia (Hiern) ; leaves $-} in. long; ealyx j; in. long ; capsule
270 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Sutera.
1, in. long Chenostoma integrifolium, var. parvifolium, Benth. in Hook.,
Gs
SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Oldenburg, 1289!
Coast ReGion, between 200 and 1000 ft.: Riversdale Div.; at Great Vals
River, Burchell, 6543! Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4379! near Gauritz River Bridge,
Galpin, 4380! George Div.; near the Great Brak River, Young in Herb. Bolus ,
5528! Var. 8: Cape Div.; Tyger Berg, Drége, 291!
In Thunberg’s herbarium this and two other species are classed together.
39. S. marifolia (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); shrubby,
apparently perennial, minutely hoary-tomentose, branched, pro-
cumbent; branches elongated, mostly opposite, often interlacing,
wiry, rather slender; leaves opposite, elliptical, obtusely narrowed
above, somewhat wedge-shaped towards the rather broad base, rather
thick, sessile or subsessile, narrowly revolute on the margin, sub-
entire or few-toothed or denticulate, 1—} in. long, }-2 in. broad;
flowers racemose and axillary, rather numerous, §—2 in. long, forming
leafy terminal elongating racemes; pedicels short, the lower in fruit
up to 2 in. long, or in some cases the axillary peduncles up to 2 in,
long; bract leaf-like, smaller than the leaves; calyx minutely
glandular-tomentose, hoary, } in. long, deeply 5-lobed; segments
linear-subulate ; corolla-tube —% in. long, cylindrical, funnel-shaped
towards the top, glandular-puberulous outside; lobes obovate or
oblong, rounded, entire, about ;; in. long; stamens ineluded;
capsule ovoid, ~5—} in. long. Chenostoma marifolium, Benth. m
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and DC. Prodr. x. 356, exel. syn.
Chenostoma marifolium, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
118, 172.
Coast Region: Knysna Diy.; Vlugt Valley (a form with shaggy calyx),
Bolus, 2415! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, Drége, 2325! Zeyher, 71!
692! 3504! between Leadmine River and Van Stadens River, Burchell, 4636!
Port Elizabeth Div.; Witte Klip, Bolus, 9126!
40. S. revoluta (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an under-
shrub, woody at the base, branched, somewhat ashy or hispidulous
or scabrid-puberulous, 3-11 ft. high, erect; stem ashy, glabrous ;
branches suberect or ascending, opposite or alternate, leafy, wiry,
often virgate ; leaves linear or occasionally linear-oblong, obtuse,
somewhat narrowed towards the sessile base, entire, more or less
revolute on the margins, hispidulous or subseabrid, opposite, often
quasi-fasciculate, 1-1 in. long, —1 in. broad; flowers pale blue,
rather numerous, racemose and axillary, 1-2 in. long; pedicels
z5-} in. long, glandular-scabrid ; bracts sublinear, like the leaves
but smaller; calyx glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed, 3—j 1-
long ; lobes lanceolate-linear, bluntly subulate; corolla sprinkled
with minute glands outside ; tube cylindrical, funnel-shaped at the
apex, straight or a little curved, 1—% in. long; limb spreading, }-3 1+
in diam.; lobes obovate-rotund, entire, ~,—; in. long; stamens
glabrous, one pair exserted, the other as long as the corolla-tube ;
anthers rounded ; style exserted ; eapsule ovoid-oblong, + in. long,
Manulea revoluta, Thunb. Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. —
-|
~
Sutera. } SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern), a7 i
467. Chenostoma revolutum, Benth. in Hook. Oomp. Bot. Mag.
i. 275, and in DO. Prodr. x. 355. Cheenostoma revolutum, Drege,
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 64, 72, 74, 103,172. Of. M. satu-
retoides, Desrouss. in Lam. Encyel. iii. 705.
Bentham gave the names of two varieties :—
a, glabriuscula ; nearly glabrous.
B, pubescens ; pubescent.
oe Arica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! Var. 8, Zeyher
1292!
Coast Recron, between 300 and 2000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; Brak Fontein,
Schlechter, 7975! Malmesbury Div.; Riebecks Castle, Drege! near Groene
Kloof (Mamre), Bolus, 4312! Tulbagh Div. ; Winterhoek Mountain, Bolus,
5360! Mossel Bay Div.; near the Gauritz River, Ecklon §° Zeyher! Var. B:
Caledon Div. ; between Bot River and the Zwart Berg, Ecklon § Zeyher! Div. ?
between Zwart Berg and Gauritz River, Ecklon, 3! Var. 6: Clanwilliam Div. ;
near Bosch Kloof, Drége, 2326b! Cederberg Range at Ezels Bank, Drége,
2326c! Knysna Div.; Vlugt Valley, Bolus, 2413 partly !
CentraL Reeion: Prince Albert Div.; Great Zwart Bergen, near Klaar-
stroom, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 2326a! Willowmore Div. ; between Willowmore
and the Zwart Bergen, Bolus, 2414 partly !
WeEsteRN REGION: Namaqualand, Brown /
41. 8. glabrata (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an under-
shrub, glabrous or slightly hispidulous above, closely branched,
2-1 ft. high ; stems woody at the base, cinereous, procumbent or
ascending ; branches opposite or alternate, woody or the branchlets
wiry, leafy, ascending ; leaves opposite, linear or nearly so, obtuse,
a little narrowed towards the sessile base, entire or nearly so, revolute
on the margin, minutely glandular, 1-1 in. long, ;'5-;'; in. broad ;
flowers racemose, rather numerous, 1-2 in. long, blue or purple or
pale lilac; racemes simple or occasionally somewhat compound ;
pedicels 3-2 in. long, minutely glandular-hispidulous, alternate or
Opposite ; bracts basal, lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, smaller than
the leaves, entire; calyx glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed,
to- in. long; lobes lanceolate-subulate or sublinear, obtuse or
scarcely acute ; corolla glandular-puberulous outside ; tube cylindrical,
funnel-shaped towards the top, nearly straight, 7-3 in. long; lobes
about 3-1 in. long, obtuse, entire; throat orange-eoloured both
inside and out; stamens didynamous, one pair exserted; style
exserted ; capsule ovoid-oblong, 1} in. long. Chewnostoma glabra-
tum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 375, and in DC. Prodr.
x. 355. Chanostoma glabratum, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 65, 66, 172.
Coast Reaion, below 1000 ft. : Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, Bolus, 8582!
Riet Fontein Poort (a form with rather broader few-toothed leaves), Schiechter,
9702! Swelle iv.: land, Ecklon & Zeyher, 270! near Sweilendam,
Ecklon § Sioa roel Bap Div. ; il side of Gauritz River, Burchell,
6416! Knysna Div. ; Viugt Valley, Bolus, 2413 partly! Uniondale Div.; at
Groote River in Long Kloof, Burchell, 4984! Humansdorp Div.; between
Gamtoos River and Leeuwenbosch River, Burchell, 4806! Queenstown Div. ; by
the Kei River, Ecklon. : ae
CENTRAL Reaion, between 3000 and 4000 ft. : Willowmore Div. ; Zwaane.
272 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [ Sutera.
poels Poort Mountains, Dréye, 7917a! Prince Albert Div.; near Kandos Moun-
tain, Drége, 7913!
42. S. linifolia (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); an under-
shrub, 1-12 ft. high, much branched, erect; branches rather slender
above, woody below, spreading or ascending; branchlets opposite or
alternate, divaricate, puberulous, leafy; leaves opposite or quasi-
fasciculate with abbreviated axillary leafy shoots, or the uppermost
alternate, linear or oblanceolate, obtuse, wedge-shaped towards the
base, entire or with a few small teeth, flat or revolute in the margins,
minutely puberulous or glabrous, 1—11 in. long, 4-1 in. broad,
sessile or shortly petiolate ; flowers racemose and axillary, rather
numerous, blue or purple, 2—} in. long; pedicels 3—3 in. long,
glandular-puberulous, opposite or alternate, bracteate at the base ;
bracts sublinear, sessile, smaller than the leaves; calyx more or less
glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed, 1-1 in. long or in fruit rather
longer; lobes sublinear or lanceolate-acuminate; corolla-tube
long; stamens didynamous, one pair exserted, the other about
equalling the corolla-tube ; anthers rounded ; capsule ovoid-oblong,
41 in. long or rather more. Manulea linifolia, Thunb. Prodr. 100,
and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235,
partly. Chenostoma linifolium, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1.
375, and in DC. Prodr. x. 355; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834.
Chenostoma linifolium, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docwmente, 102
and 119 (linifolia), 172.
Var £, heterophylla (Hiern) ; lowest leaves pinnatilobed, the lower ones few-
toothed, the rest linear-spathulate, obtuse, quite entire or 1-2-toothed at the apex.
Manulea linifolia, var. heterophylla, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen, Pl. iii. ii. 235.
Sourn Arrica; without locality, Thunberg! Harvey ! :
Coast Reeion, between 300 and 2000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; Brak Fontein
and Groot Poort, Ecklon! Tulbagh Div.; near Artois, Bolus, 5366! between
Tulbagh and the Drostdy, Burchell, 1026! near Saron, Schlechter, 7874! 4866!
Tulbagh, Pappe! Worcester Div.; Hex River Kloof, Drége / Cape Div. ; Tyger
Berg, Drége, 253! Cape Peninsula, Schlechter, 716! Mossel Bay ; between Mossel
Bay and Zonte River, Burchell, 6337! Knysna Div. ; hills near the great forest,
Bolus, 2412! Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, Krauss / Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage,
Zeyher, 3505 !
Katanari Reeion, Var. 8: Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Kuntze.
This is the Buchnera, mentioned by Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 186.
Chanostoma linifolia, var. hispida, Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834, collected
on the sides of Tiger Berg, in Cape Div., Krauss, 1637, is unknown to me.
43. 8. brachiata (Roth, Bot. Bemerk. 173); an undershrub,
perennial or sometimes in sandy ground annual, much branched,
procumbent or divaricately spreading, hispid, 1-2 ft. high ; flowerig
branches ascending, leafy, usually opposite ; leaves opposite, ellip-
tical, obovate or oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, spreading,
subsessile or shortly petiolate, few-toothed, flat or narrowly revolute
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 278
on the margin, 3-1} in. long, J,-1 in. broad; flowers 3—1 in. long,
axillary and racemose, numerous, forming terminal lax leafy and
bracteate racemes ; pedicels or peduncles 1-flowered, usually opposite,
4-3 in. long; bracts leafy, smaller than the leaves; calyx 4—} in.
long, hispid, deeply lobed ; lobes linear-subulate; corolla pale rosy
or whitish ; tube subcylindrical, straight or a little curved, 1—2 in.
long, minutely puberulous outside ; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded,
entire, 3-2 in. long; throat somewhat finely pilose or naked ; stamens
didynamous, one pair included, the other pair equalling the corolla-
tube or shortly exserted ; pollen oval, smooth, marked with 3 furrows,
with a depression in each furrow; capsule oval or ovoid-oblong,
glabrous, 1-1 in. long. Manulea hispida, Thunb. Prodr. 102, and
4
in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and in DC. Prodr. x. 356.
C. cuneatum, Benth., Ul. ce. Cheenostoma hispidum, Drege, Zwet
Pfhlanzengeogr. Documente, 106 (hispida), 172. Sutera oppositifolta,
oth ex Benth. in DC., l.c.; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467.
S. cuneata, O. Kuntze, l.c. Buchnera oppositifolia, Hort. e« Steud.,
Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 234, 338. M. oppositifolia, Hort. ex Steud.,
lec. ii.99. Pluken. Almagest. t. 320, fig. 6.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Auge! Nelson! Oldenburg, 192!
336! and cultivated specimens ! 98 ;
Coast Rzaion, between 200 and 2200 ft.: Clanwillian Div. ; Graaff Water,
Schlechter, 8569! Piquetberg Div.; Zeyher, 1293 partly! Tulbagh Div. ;
Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 2618! Paarl Div.; hills near Paarl, Bolus, 2869! Cape
Div. ; hills around Cape Town and other parts of the Cape Peninsula, Thunberg /
Harvey! Drege, 7911b, 7911lc! Bolus, 3301! 3301b! Krauss! Wright!
Wolley Dod, 1411 142! 778! 27711 2935! 8025! Ecklon, 497; MacGillivray,
567! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Ecklon ! Caledon Div. ;
Zwart Berg, Zeyher, 1298! Houw Hock, Schlechter, 7557! Lowrys Pass,
Schlechter, 7811! Bredasdorp Div.; Mier Kraal, Schlechter, 10499 partly !
Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4376! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown,
MacOwam ! Bolus, 7899! Bolton! Williamson! Harrisons Poort, Hutton!
Cznrrat ReGion: Albert Diy. ; top of Witte Bergen, Cooper, 2872!
The colour of the flowers is normally white; but near the sea, where the plant
becomes stunted and more densely eatin the corolla becomes pale rosy
(Wolley Dod),
Thunberg, Fl. Cap., l.c., mentions four varieties of M. hispida :—
a. Branches more or less elongated.
B. Leaves larger or smaller, more or less strongly serrate.
y- Hairiness more or less dense.
3. Branches secund, aby ot C, hinphd
Bentham in DC., L.c., gives breviflora as a doubtfal variety of C. hispidum ;
corolla-tube abbreviated, the dueat wile’ Ee thought that it was perhaps s
hybrid since it grew in English gardens in company with the typical form of the
species and with S. cerulea and was intermediate in character between them 5 ae
had not seen a wild specimen of the variety; of. Manulea oppositifolia, Dest.
Cat. Hort. Paris, ed. 2, 60.
as a variety with the leaves
C. ed ;
aa es mye as broad; the whole plant is
smaller than usual, being 1-2 in. long an p roe
strongly hispid; it was Ba by Ecklon, 77! at Palmiet River in the Caledon
'v. and among the Hottentots Holland Mountains. .
VOL. IV.—SECT, II,
274 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Sutera,
eee oe
44. §. fraterna (Hiern); an annual herb, erect or ascending,
simple or branched at the base, viscid-puberulous, leafy especially
below, 3-7 in. high; branches ascending or erect, rather slender ;
lower leaves crowded, obovate, obtuse, narrowed or attenuate at the
base, obtusely dentate, petiolate, 3-1 in. long, }—} in. broad ; upper
leaves alternate, narrower, gradually smaller; racemes terminal, erect,
leafy below, 14~43 in. long; pedicels ascending, 3-1 in. long,
ebracteolate, the lower axillary; calyx-segments linear, obtuse,
glandular-ciliolate, 2,—} in. long in flower, + in. long in fruit; corolla
purple (VV. E. Brown); tube rather slender, curved near the apex,
minutely glandular-papillose outside, about 2 in. long ; limb spreading,
about 2 in, in diam., 5-lobed ; lobes 1—1 in. long, obovate, emarginate or
very shortly eleft; capsule ovate-oblong, obtuse, somewhat com-
pressed, + in. long, 4 in. broad.
CrenTRaL Recion: Calvinia Div. ; Brand Vley, Johanssen, 3!
45. §. antirrhinoides (Hiern); an annual herb, erect or pro-
eumbent, nearly glabrous or puberulous, 1-12 in. high, branched or
simple; branches opposite or occasionally alternate, rather slender,
diffuse or flexuous-ascending, acutely tetragonal; nodes alternately
compressed ; internodes mostly exceeding the leaves; leaves opposite
and decussate or the upper alternate, oval, ovate or oblong, obtuse
or subacute, more or less wedge-shaped and petiolate at the base,
unequally dentate, membranous, turning dusky when dried, spread-
ing, $-1 in. long, 11 in. broad ; lower petioles up to 4—} in. long;
flowers axillary, pedunculate, rather numerous, 8-1 in. long, together
forming terminal leafy lax racemes, deep purple or violet or lilac or
pale yellowish ; peduncles 1-flowered, divaricate in flower, suberect
or inflexed-ereet in fruit, puberulous, 1-3 in. long; calyx puberulous,
ss in. long in flower, 2—3, in. long in fruit, deeply 5-lobed +
segments sublincar, erect, obtuse ; corolla-tube cylindrical, rather
slender, somewhat dilated curved or gibbous near the top, sparingly
glandular-puberulous outside, 15, in. long; limb spreading, we
in diam. ; lobes equally long, about 3,—1 in. long, obovate-oval, rounded,
entire, the lowest one somewhat broader than the rest; throat
surrounded with black lines; stamens included; style filiform,
very slender, puberulous, minutely cleft at the slightly thickened
stigmatic apex, nearly as long as the corolla-tube ; capsule ovoid-
oblong, puberulous, glabrous or hispid, 1—% in. long. Manulea
antirrhinoides, Linn. f. Suppl. 286; Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl. Cap-
ed. Schult. 469 ; Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 384, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 366. Cf. Erinus patens, Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fl.
ed. Schult. 475. M. violacea, Link ex Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 16,
and Enum, Pl. Hort. Bot. Berol. ii. 142. M. crystallina, Weim. ™
Syll. Pl. Nov. Soc. Reg. Bot. Ratisb. i, 226. Lyperia violacet, :
Ripa eee ean gale any De ira eee tio Sa Oo a a ee ca et tata 2 Re
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 275
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 379, and in DC. Prodr.
x. 359.
Soutn Arnica: without locality; Thunberg !
Coast Reaion, between 400 and 2000 ft.: Piquetberg Div.; Piquet Berg,
Schlechter, 5200! hills near Porterville, Schlechter, 10737! Worcester Div. ;
Hex River Kloof, Drége, 4721! Wolley Ded, 4001! Hex River Valley, Bolus,
7997! Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Harvey! Wolley Dod, 140! and in Herb.
Bolus, 7976! Ecklon ! Swellendam Div.; Karoo ridges in Kannaland, Zeyher,
3512! Riversdale Div. ; between Gauritz River and Groote Vals River, Burchell,
6519! near Gauritz River Bridge, Galpin, 4873 ! Mossel Bay Div. ; eastern bank
of the Little Brak River, Burchell, 6181 !
46. S. fetida (Roth, Bot. Bemerk. 172); an annual herb, almost
or quite shrubby at the base, more or less viscid-glandular, 3-3 ft.
high, branched; stem erect; branches opposite or alternate,
divaricate or ascending, leafy ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate,
ovate or elliptical, obtuse or subacute, wedge-shaped at the base,
mostly incise-dentate, membranous, somewhat shining, fetid, bitter
to the taste, 1-2 in. long, 1-12 in. broad ; lower petioles up to 1 or
1} in. long; flowers white or pale violet, 1-1 in. long, racemose and
axillary; peduncles 1—4-flowered, 1—1 in. long, alternate ; secondary
pedicels shorter ; bracts smaller than the leaves; calyx }-1 in. long,
deeply 5-lobed; segments sublinear, acuminate, rather fleshy ;
corolla-tube subcylindrical, rather slender, 1—} in. long, very nearly
glabrous, somewhat curved above ; limb spreading, }—} in. in diam. ;
segments subequal, 3-2 in. long, obovate-oval, rounded ; throat
yellow, somewhat finely pilose; stamens didynamous, glabrous;
filaments short, inserted near the mouth of the corolla; anthers
rounded, sulphur-yellow, two included, two shortly exserted; style
about equalling the corolla-tube; ovary green, ovoid; capsule oval-
oblong, glabrous, septicidal, 1-1 in. long; seeds numerous, ovoid,
angular, ferruginous or dusky. Buehnera fetida, Andr. Bot. Rep.
ii. ¢. 80; Spreng. in Schrad. Journ, ii. 196 ; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr.
iv. 23, t. 448. Manulea alterniflora, Desf. Tabl. D?Eeole Bot. 50.
M. alternifolia, Pers. Syn. ii. 148. M. feetida, Pers. Le. M.
aequipetala, Sternberg in Bot. Zeit. vi. (1807) 340. Palmstruckia
fetida, Retz. f. Obs. Bot. Pugill. 15. Chaenostoma fatidum, Benth.
tn Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DC. Prodr. x. 357 ; Krauss
in Flora, 1844, 835. Chenostoma fotidwn, Drege, Zwer Pflan-
zengeogr. Documente, 95, 172. :
Coast REcton, between 500 and 1800 ft. : Clanwilliam Div. ; Reersloge cpt
Zeyher, 1117 ; Blue Berg, Schlechter, 8450; Piquetberg i i gem fee ang
near Piquiniers Kloof, Schlechter, 4953! Tulbagh Div.; Mosterts Berg, i
evi Worcester Div.; kloof east of Hex _— Station, Wolley Dod, 4000
eorge Div. ; in the Outeniqua forests, Krauss ! .
ass Semnre nt Div. ; at Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1278 } Doorn Ri bel
Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; near Zwart re apt
000 ft., Drége, 3118b !
This is probably one of the 7 species of Erinus mentioned by Burchell, Trav.
8. Afr. i, 225,
tT 2
276 SCROPHULARIACES® (Hiern). [ Sutera,
47. S. macleana (Hiern); somewhat shrubby, herbaceous above,
perhaps perennial, branched, about 2 ft. high ; stem erect, roundedly
tetragonal, pubescent, purplish below, pallid above; branches
opposite, deeussate, divarieate, rather slender, glandular-pubescent,
leafy; leaves opposite, ovate or oval, obtuse, wedge-shaped or
shortly narrowed at the base, rather strongly dentate, membranous,
pale green, sparingly puberulous above, hispidulous on the slender
veins beneath, 12 in, long, 1~11 in, broad ; petioles 4,3 in. long;
flowers about 1—% in. long, rather numerous, racemose or subeymose;
racemes comparatively compact and short, simple and terminal or
somewhat compound and together forming a leafy and bracteate
pyramidal cyme; ultimate pedicels glandular-puberulous, 3-4 in.
long ; bracts basal, smaller than the leaves; calyx 3%,-3 in. long,
glandular-pubescent, deeply 5-lobed; segments narrowly lanceolate-
linear, acute; corolla-tube subcylindrical, narrowly funnel-shaped
above, nearly straight, sparingly and minutely glandular outside,
8-1 in. long; throat glabrous; limb 1—1 in, in diam.; lobes obovate,
entire, —1 in. long ; one pair of anthers more or less exserted, the
other pair shortly included ; style more or less exserted,
Katanart Reeion; Transvaal; on mountain declivities, near Pilgrims Rest
Gold Fields, Drakensberg, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3032!
48. S. bracteolata (Hiern); suffruticose below, subherbaceous
above, perhaps perennial, branched, about 1 ft. high or more;
branches erect or ascending, with soft whitish spreading pubescence ;
branchlets opposite or alternate, rather slender; internodes mostly
4-1} in. long ; leaves opposite, ovate or elliptical, acuminate, wedge-
shaped at the base, dentate in the upper half, membranous, more oF
less hispid-pubescent, 1-2 in. long, 1—1 in. broad; petioles 4-3 1.
long, dilated towards the apex ; flowers axillary and quasi-racemose,
moderately numerous, about 5°, in. long when expanded ; quasi-
racemes terminal, short but lengthening, dense at first; pedicels
rather slender, glandular-pubescent, usually bracteolate at or near
the apex, 1-3 in. long, straight; bracteoles sublinear or subulate,
+> in. long, glandular-pubescent; calyx glandular-pubescent,
5-partite, about 1 in. long; segments linear-subulate, aeute ; coro
tube subeylindrical, sparingly glandular-puberulous outside, nearly
straight, about $ in. long, 7; in. broad; throat somewhat bearded ;
limb somewhat spreading, about 1 in. in diam. ; lobes oval-oblong,
entire, $ in. long or rather more; stamens glabrous; upper pall 0
anthers reaching the top of the corolla-tube, the other pair included.
EasTERN ReGion : Natal, without precise locality, Cooper, 2857 !
49. 8. racemosa (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); sub-—
herbaceous, apparently perennial, about 1 ft. high, erect or ascending 5
stem hard at the base, wiry above; branches subereet, pilose, rather
slender, moderately leafy, opposite ; leaves opposite, ovate or elliptical
obtuse or shortly cuspidate-acute, wedge-shaped at the base, dentate, 5s 4
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 277
membranous, puberulous, $~7 in. long, 3} in. broad, shortly petiolate ;
flowers 3-$ in. long, racemose and axillary, together forming lax
terminal more or less leafy racemes of 21-12 in. long; pedicels
4-1 in. long, slender, pubescent, opposite, spreading; bracts like
the leaves but smaller, sessile; ealyx pubescent or puberulous,
deeply lobed, somewhat unequal, about 3—,3, in. long in flower,
54 in. long in fruit; segments lanceolate-linear, somewhat subulate
at the apex; corolla-tube cylindrical-funnel-shaped, straight or
nearly so, glandular-puberulous outside, orange-yellow about the
middle, about 1 in. long; limb 1—! in, in diam.; lobes oval-oblong,
rounded, entire, —1 in. long; stamens included; capsule ovoid-
oblong, very nearly glabrous, 1! in. long. Chenostoma racemosum,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DC. Prodr. x. 357,
not of Wettst. ex Diels. Chanostoma racemosum, Drége, Zwet
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 135 (racemosa), 172.
Coast Reeron: Alexandria Div. ; between Hoffmanns Kloof and Driefontein,
1000-2000 ft., Drége, 2323! Komgha Div.; margins of woods near Komgha,
2000 ft. Flanagan, 892 !
50. 8. maritima (Hiern); subherbaceous, apparently perennial,
procumbent or ascending, 1-11 ft. long; stems and branehes rather
slender, somewhat scabrid with small papilla, pale green ; branchlets
alternate, ascending, more or less Jeafy, puberulous-scabrid towards
the apex ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, elliptical or obovate,
obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, firmly herbaceous, minutely
glandular-papillose, doubly incisely or irregularly dentate on the
upper half, 2—8 in. long, ;1,—3 in. broad; petioles ;,—} in. long ;
flowers racemose and axillary, numerous, 4-3 in. long; racemes
tather lax, elongated, 21-10 in. long; pedicels rather slender,
divaricate, mostly alternate, 1-11 in, long, glandular-puberulous,
I-flowered; bracts smaller and narrower than the : leaves,
dentate or entire ; calyx ;4,in. long in flower, din. long in fruit,
glandular, deeply 5-lobed; segments oblong-linear, obtuse ; corolla-
tube subcylindrical, gradually and slightly dilated and a little curved
or gibbous towards the apex, sparingly pilose-glandular outside ;
lobes spreading, subquadrate, rounded, entire, ;’5 1D. long; limb
about in, in diam. ; stamens included ; style % in. long; capsule
oval-ovoid, minutely or obsoletely glandular, } in. long.
Coast Recton: Bathurst Diy.; shrubby places near the beach at Port
Alfred, 50 ft., Galpin, 2933!
51. 8. floribunda (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); shrubby
low, subherbaceous above, erect or ascending, 8-30 in. high, much
branched ; stems erect or decumbent, puberulous below, more or
less viscid-pubescent above; branches opposite, usually decussate,
the ‘upper pyramidally or corymbosely arranged, with rather short
pallid pubescence, leafy below the abundant inflorescence; leaves
°pposite, ovate or oval, very obtuse or nearly rounded, wedge-shaped
at the base, dentate, more or less glandular-puberulous or shortly
278 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Sutera.
pubescent on both faces, membranous, +—2 in. long, 1;-14 in. broad ;
petioles up to 3in. long or rarely to nearly 1 in.; flowers very
numerous, 1—% in. long, racemose or eymose; racemes rather short,
simple or compound, arranged in terminal leafy elongated pubescent
sometimes purplish panicles ; pedicels opposite or terminal, pubescent,
rather slender, short or rarely up to 1 in. long; bracts opposite,
lanceolate or subulate, smaller than the leaves, pubescent, mostly
‘ acute, entire or sparingly toothed ; calyx hispid or pubescent, 3—j in.
long, rather deeply 5-lobed; segments lanceolate-linear, subulate
towards the apex, acute; corolla white or orange and white ; tube
rather slender, cylindrical-funnel-shaped, nearly straight or a little
curved, 1—1 in. long, pubescent outside ; throat yellow, glabrous or
nearly so; limb 1—2 in. in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded,
entire, ~;—+ in. long; stamens didynamous; filaments sometimes
finely pilose near the apex; anthers rounded, rather large, the upper
situate at or near the throat of the corolla, the lower ineluded ; style
exserted ; capsule ovoid or oblong, glabrous, 1-2 in. long. Cha@nos-
toma floribundum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and in
DC. Prodr.x.356, Chenostoma floribundum, Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 147, 160 (floribunda), 172. Manulea floribunda,
O. Kuntze, Rev, Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 235.
Katanari Rzeron, at about 5000 ft.: Orange River Colony; Bethlehem,
Bolus, 8227! Transvaal; Houtbosh, Rehmann, 6176! Pilgrims Rest Gold Fields,
McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3032 ! Waterval River, Wilms, 1062 !
EasTERN ReGION, ascending from 50 to 5000 ft.: Tembuland ; ~between
Bashee River and Morley, Drége! near Bazeia River, Baur, 55! near Engeobo,
Bolus, 8759! Pondo-land; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Griqualand East ;
around Clydesdale, Tyson, 2111! and in MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm.,
1220! hills about Kokstad, Tyson, 1419! Natal; near Durban, Drége, 79098 !
Wood, 44! Cooper, 2865! at Claremont, Schlechter, 2834! Van Reenens Pass,
Kuntze! near Boston, Wood, 4750! Groen Berg! Wood, 579! Weenen County,
Wood, 4450! near the sources of Bushmans River, Evans, 653! and without
precise locality, Grant! Gerrard, 28! 377! Cooper, 1180!
52. 8. tenella (Hiern); a low herb, somewhat woody below, @
few inches high; branehes wiry-herbaceous, minutely glandular-
pilose towards the extremities, rather slender, angular, leafy ; leaves
alternate, broadly ovate, obtuse, subtruncate or very obtuse at the
base, firmly membranous, somewhat finely glandular-pilose on both
faces, rather dark green above, paler beneath, coarsely dentate,
3-1 in. long and broad; petioles 2-4 in. long, finely pilose;
flowers axillary, solitary, + in. long; peduncles very slender,
finely glandular-pilose, about 1 in. long, ebracteate ; ealyx about
sis In. long, glandular-pilose or ciliolate ; posterior segment linear,
the others linear-oblong, all obtuse and erect; corolla nearly
glabrous ; lobes nearly equal ; limb 2 in. in diam.; stamens inserted
set the middle of the corolla-tube; style slender, glabrous, about
4 in. long.
Karanart Region : Griqualand West, Hay Diy.; on the plain at the foot of
the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2071!
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). 279
This is the plant mentioned in Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 960, as possibly
a species of Camptoloma, a genus which has since been united with Sutera,
53. §. Burchellii (Hiern) ; somewhat shrubby below, herbaceous
above, shortly viscid-pubescent, branched near the base, about 1 ft.
high, apparently perennial ; branches opposite or alternate, spreading
or ascending ; internodes mostly about equalling and exceeding the
petioles ; leaves alternate or the lower opposite, broadly cordate or
broadly ovate, rounded or shortly pointed, subreniform and usually
shortly narrowed at the base, membranous, puberulous, dentate,
3-1} in. long, 3-11 in. broad; teeth mostly deltoid; petioles mostly
3g 1n. long, broadening towards the apex by the decurrence of the
leaf-blade ; flowers axillary, solitary, 1—2 in. long, rather numerous ;
peduncles glandular-puberulous, 1-2 in. long, erect-patent, rather
firm ; calyx glandular-puberulous, 5-partite, 1-1 in. long ; segments
sublinear, subacute; corolla-tube subcylindrical, rather slender,
curved near the top, sparingly glandular-puberulous, ;%,—$ in. long ;
limb somewhat spreading, small; lobes oval-oblong or rotund,
rounded at the apex, entire, somewhat hairy inside near the base,
rs—z's in. long ; stamens inserted near the top of the corolla-tube ;
filaments very short ; style included; capsules oblong, glabrous,
sg in. long.
og eanananr Raion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Klip Fontein, Burchell,
22!
54. S. griquensis (Hiern); suffruticose below, wiry above,
apparently perennial; stems or lower branches decumbent or
ascending, viscid-puberulous, pallid above, branehed ; branchlets
Opposite or alternate, rather slender, glandular-puberulous, leafy ;
leaves broadly ovate or subreniform, rounded or shortly pointed,
broadly cordate or shortly wedge-shaped at the base, membranous,
minutely glandular-hispidulous, toothed or ineise-dentate, {—§ 1n.
long, 14 in. broad ; petioles 1-3 in. long, dilated near the apex by
the decurrence of the leaf-blade ; flowers about 3—} in. long, few or
several, axillary ; peduncles glandular-pubescent, rather slender, about
+ in. long ; calyx 1-1 in. long, glandular-pubescent, 5-cleft, about or
more than half-way down; lobes subulate, acute; corolla-tube
cylindrical-funnel-shaped, very sparingly glandular-puberulous,
s-v’s in. long; limb somewhat spreading, } in. in diam. ; eictd
obovate-rotund, entire, ;!;—;; in. long; one pair of anthers pert y
oe the other included; capsules oblong, glabrous, 5-4 In.
ong,
Katanant Reaion : Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; near Griquatown, Orpen in
Herb. Bolus, 5738!
55. 8. cordata (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; perennial,
Scentless, shrubby or somewhat wooded at the base, herbaceous
above ; stems prostrate, elongated, wiry, pubescent, often rooting at
intervals and throwing up erect branches, 1-2 ft. long or more;
280 SOROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
branches prostrate or erect, moderately leafy; leaves opposite,
roundly ovate, usually very obtuse, subtruncate or cordate at or near
the base, dentate, submembranous, more or less pubescent or puberu-
lous, usually thinly so, 1-1 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; petioles up to
2 in. long; flowers few, axillary, 3-2 in. long; peduncles 1-flowered,
1] in. long; calyx hispid or hirsute, deeply 5-lobed, 4-4 in. long
or in fruit somewhat longer; segments linear-subulate ; corolla white ;
tube 2—8 in. long, cylindrical-funnel-shaped, nearly straight or a
little curved, thinly pubescent outside ; throat glabrous ; limb $ in.
in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded, entire, 3-2 in. long;
stamens didynamous, included; capsule ellipsoidal, 4 in. long.
Manulea cordata, Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 473 ;
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Chenostoma cordatum, Benth. m
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.i.377, and in DC. Prodr. x. 357 ; Krauss
in Flora, 1844, 835.
Var. 8. hirsutior (Hiern); hoary-pubescent. Chanostoma cordatum, var.
hirsutior, Benth. WU. cc. Chenostoma pauciflorwm, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 52, 172 (letter b, not letter a), not 59.
Soura Arzica: without locality, Thunberg !
Coast Reeion, between 300 and 2000 ft.: Knysna Div.; Ruigte Valley,
Drege, 7912! Zitzikamma Forest, Krauss, 1134! Knysna, Pappe! near Stofpad,
Burchell, 5289! near Melville, Burchell, 5476! Port BHlizabeth Div. ; Kraka-
kamma, Burchell, 45511 £cklon! Alexandria Div.; Olifants Hoek, Ecklon and
Zeyher, 75! Bathurst Div. ; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3817! Albany Div. ;
near Grahamstown, Galpin, 182! Guthrie, 3318! Howison’s Poort, Cooper,
1911! and without precise locality, Bowker ! Cooper, 2866! King Williamstown
Div.; Perie Mountains, Scott-Elliot, 983! Var. 8, Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg,
on the Balfour side, Baur, 863!
Cznt2at Reeion : Var. 8, Aliwal Div. ; Witte Bergen, 5000-6000 ft., Drége!
‘EasteRN Recion: Var. 8, Tembuland Div.; at Clarkes Drift, Qumanct
River, 3000 ft., Bolus, 8763 !
56. §. pallescens (Hiern) ; subherbaceous at least above, perhaps
perennial, pale green ; stems prostrate or rambling, slender, wiry;
elongated, branched, with some spreading whitish pubescence;
branches alternate or opposite, shaggy-pubescent, ereet or ascending,
curved or tortuous; branchlets very slender, alternate or opposite,
densely pubescent, curved or zigzag, moderately leafy; leaves
opposite or alternate, broadly ovate or elliptical, obtuse or apiculate,
subtruncate or more or less wedge-shaped at the base, coarsely
dentate, membranous, more or less sprinkled with short whitish hairs
on both faces and margin, 3~1 in, long, 14 in. broad; petioles Up
to 2 in. long, pubescent, flattened ; flowers axillary and subterminal,
together forming terminal lax racemes, rather numerous, white, about
3°; in. long when expanded; peduncles up to 2 in. long, slender,
shaggy ; ealyx about 5; in. long, shaggy outside, smooth and shining
inside, campanulate, 5-cleft about half-way down; lobes subulate
from a lanceolate base, acute, thin, somewhat unequal, about
au-i'o_ in. long; corolla-tube about 2 in. long, cylindrical-funnel-
shaped, gradually dilated upwards from about the middle, nearly
glabrous, minutely sessile-glandular ; limb subbilabiate, more or less
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 281
spreading, about 1-1 in. in diam., subglabrous, minutely glandular ;
lobes obovate-oblong, rounded, entire, iy-i in. long; stamens
glabrous, one pair shortly exserted, the other included ; anthers
rounded; style exserted, exceeding the stamens; capsule ovoid,
ss In. long, glabrous, pallid, smooth ; seeds numerous, oval-oblong,
about #, in. long.
HasTERN Recion: Natal ; near Murchison, Wood, 8035!
57. §. humifusa (Hiern); trailing, weak, slender, glandular-
puberulous, somewhat glossy, perhaps perennial; stems slightly
shrubby below, branched, thin-wiry, 6-12 in. long; branches
opposite or alternate, divaricate, erect or ascending, very slender ;
internodes mostly equalling or exceeding the leaves, 3-11 in. long;
leaves broadly ovate or obovate, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base,
dentate, thinly membranous, sparingly puberulous, minutely glandular,
spreading, 1-1 in. long, 12 in. broad; petioles up to about { in.
long, those of the trailing stems erect, secund ; flowers axillary and
subracemose, several, about 2 in. long ; pedicels slender, spreading,
curving, minutely glandular-puberulous, 1-) in. long; ealyx
glandular-papillose, minutely eciliolate, 5-cleft more than half-way
down, 3-1 in. long ; lobes ovate, acuminate ; corolla-tube cylindrieal-
funnel-shaped, weak, straight above, nearly glabrous, about } in.
long; limb somewhat spreading, about in. in diam.; lobes oval-
oblong, entire, about in. long ; stamens glabrous ; filaments filiform ;
anthers about =, in. long, one pair exserted, the other about level
with the mouth of the eorolla; style filiform, glabrous, exserted ;
capsule oval-ovoid, obsoletely glandular, + in. long.
Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, Noods Berg, Wood, 124!
58. S. div-ricata (Hiern); low, divaricately branched, slightly
glandular-hairy or glabrescent, 23-10 in. high ; lowest leaves
lanceolate, gradually attenuate towards the base into the petiole,
Tepand-serrate, 13—14 in. long, 2 in. broad; the upper considerably
smaller, about 2
4 in. long and 1 in. broad; petioles of the lowest
leaves about 1 in. ise floral leaves pectinate-dentate, teeth
equalling the breadth of the leaf (,; in. by 35 in.); pedicels much
longer than the calyx, 3-2 in. long, seareely lengthening in front;
calyx-segments 1-1 in, long; corolla-tube 1-3 in. long; lobes
ss In. long,
11 in, broad; capsule ovoid-globose, as long as the
calyx, Cheenostoma divaricatum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 476.
Cznrrat Reaion : Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
59. S. latifolia (Hiern ; apparently a small shrub, somewhat
woody and ora ca Oe ascending, densely hirsute
With whitish spreading hairs, wiry-herbaceous above, leafy at the
apex ; leaves opposite, broadly ovate, nearly rounded at the fees
shortly or abruptly narrowed and often cordate-subreniform al
base, toothed. or incise-dentate, herbaceous-membranous, flat, hispid~
282 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Sutera.
pubescent with whitish hairs on both faces, §-14 in. Jong, 1-12 in.
broad ; petioles up to 3 in. long, whitish hirsute; flowers about
2 in. long, from the axils of the upper leaves and crowded, forming
together dense terminal leafy heads; peduncles up to § in. long,
whitish hirsute ; calyx } in. long, deeply 5-lobed ; segments linear-
subulate, hirsute-glandular with whitish hairs, }—} in. long ; corolla
rather sparingly glandular and hirsute outside ; tube subcylindrical,
shortly exceeding the ealyx, slightly curved, about ; in. broad,
a little narrower below and a little broader above ; throat somewhat
bearded; limb spreading, lobes oval-oblong, rounded, entire,
j;-i in. long; stamens included, glabrous; upper pair inserted
above the middle of the eorolla-tube, lower pair about the middle;
filaments short ; anthers all fertile, one-celled, oval-oblong, ~j—sz i.
long; style columnar-filiform, minutely glandular, »; in. long;
ovary glabrous; capsule oval, apiculate, glabrous, } in. long.
Karanart Reeron: Orange River Colony; Kornet Spruit, between the
Orange River and Caledon River, 5000-6000 ft., Zeyher !
60. S. Cooperi (Hiern) ; shrubby at least below, softly pubescent,
apparently perennial and about 2 ft. high ; stem erect or ascending,
woody and subterete below, roundly or obtusely angular above,
rigid, loosely branched; branches opposite, moderately leafy,
divaricate or erect-patent, ascending, the lower sometimes pro-
cumbent, the upper wiry; leaves opposite, broadly ovate, obtuse or
almost rounded, broadly cordate or shortly narrowed at the base,
membranous, pallid, more or less strigulose-pubescent especially
beneath, incise and often doubly dentate, sometimes sparingly lobed,
3-14 in. long, 3-14 in. broad; petioles up to nearly 1 in. long;
flowers racemose and axillary, rather numerous, 1—§ in. long;
racemes simple and somewhat compound, comparatively dense,
oblong at least in fruit; bracts smaller than the leaves, wedge
shaped at the base ; pedicels short, 1,1 in. long, viscid-puberulous ;-
calyx 4-3 in. long, viscid-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed; segments
linear-subulate, acute; corolla-tube cylindrical, straight or nearly 80;
sparingly glandular-puberulous outside, about 1 in. long, ~s—1’o 1
broad ; throat hairy ; limb spreading, 1- in. in diam., hairy about
the base above; lobes oval or obovate-oblong, rounded, entire,
; ; in. long; stamens and style included; capsules oval, zo—s
ong.
Katanart Recion: Basuto-land; near Bethesda, Cooper, 732!
61. S. ochracea (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, rather slender,
shortly pubescent above, simple or branched, 3-1 ft. high ; branches
opposite or alternate, divaricate, ascending, slender, tetragonous;
shortly pubescent towards the apex ; internodes mostly exceeding
the leaves ; leaves opposite or alternate, ovate or oval-oblong, oF the
upper lanceolate, obtuse, more or less wedge-shaped or the uppéef
obtuse at the base, dentate or repand or the uppermost somewhat
Sutera.] SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). 283
incise or sparingly lobed below, membranous, minutely glandular-
papillose or sparingly puberulous, 3-1 in. long, 3-2 in. broad;
petioles ;;—; in. long, glandular-pubeseent ; flowers several, axillary
and spicate-racemose, ochre, about # in. long; racemes rather lax
at least in fruit, elongated, leafy below, 1-7 in. long; pedicels
7s-t in. long, glandular-pubescent ; bracts like the leaves, smaller,
strongly toothed, shortly pubescent ; ealyx densely viseid-pubescent,
deeply 5-lobed, 4 in: long; segments linear, somewhat pointed,
scarcely acute ; corolla-tube subeylindrical, slender, a little curved
or ventricosely dilated near the apex, sparingly glandular-puberulous
outside, about 2 in. long; limb spreading, about 58; in. in diam. ;
lobes oval-oblong, rounded, entire, about ;3; in. long; stamens
included ; style slender, sparingly glandular-papillose, 13 in. long ;
Freel ovoid-oblong, densely hispid with thick-based hairs, $—2 in.
ong.
Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; Spektakel Mountain, near Naries,
3600 ft., Bolus in Herb. Norm., 664!
62. §. tomentosa (Hiern) ; an erect or ascending herb, apparently
annual, rather rigid, very viscid-pubescent, 5-10 in. high, much
branched about the base; branches alternate or opposite, divaricate
or ascending, subvirgate, pallid, leafy; leaves alternate or opposite,
ovate, acute, or the lowermost obtuse, shortly narrowed or sub-
truncate at the base, irregularly or incisely dentate, membranous,
viscid, 3-1 in. long, 1—% in. broad, flat, spreading, the uppermost
subsessile ; lower petioles viscid-pubescent, up to 34 in. long;
flowers axillary and racemose, numerous, about 2 in. long when
expanded, together forming terminal rather lax leafy racemes ;
pedicels alternate, 1-flowered, 2-1 in. long, viscid-pubescent,
divaricate ; calyx 21-1 in. long, viseid-pubescent, deeply 5-lobed ;
Segments linear, obtuse; corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly and
gradually dilated above, nearly straight or a little curved, sparingly
glandular, 15 in. long; limb spreading, }-} in. in diam., purplish 4,
nearly glabrous ; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded at the apex, entire,
$3 in. long; stamens and style included ; capsule ovoid-oblong,
sprinkled with glands, 4-1 in. long. rinus tomentosus, Thunb.
Prodr. 103, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 476; not of Mill. Lyperia
glutinosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 378, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 359. Manulea Thunbergit, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 596.
M. tomentosa, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 367, not 365.
Pini Recion: Calvinia Div.; near streams in the Bokkeveld Karoo,
unberg ! :
WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River and on rocky
hills near Verleptpram, below 1000 ft., Drége, 3199! Great Namaqualand ;
on isolated hills at Gubub, Schinz, 21! Aus, Schinz, 4!
Also in Hereroland, in South-West Tropical Africa (Engl. Jahrb. x. 254).
63. 8. gracilis (Hiern) ; low, erect, simple, sprinkled here and
there with glandular hairs, 11-3 in. high; leaves ovate or lanceolate,
284 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [Sutera,
acute, obliquely truncate at the base, serrate, }-3 in. long, 4} in.
broad; petiole 22 in. long; flowers axillary; peduncles 3-3 «ID
long during the flowering, scarcely lengthened in fruit, straight,
about equalling the floral leaf or exceeding it; calyx-segments
subulate, 2 in. long; corolla-tube glabrescent, about 4 in. long ; lobes
shortly bifid, about + in. long and }, in. broad; capsules ovoid,
1-2 in. long, } in. broad, Chanostoma gracile, Diels in Engl. Jahrb.
Xxili. 476.
CrntRat Reoion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam mountains, Meyer !
Nearly related to Lyperia racemosa, Benth., but much more glabrous, shorter,
and with smaller leaves and capsules; the calyx is larger with narrower segments,
and the corolla-lobes are only half as large.
64. §. dielsiana (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, viscid-
pubescent with short glandular hairs, branched or nearly simple,
6-12 in. high; branches opposite or the upper alternate, divaricate
or ascending, moderately leafy ; leaves opposite or the upper alter-
nate, ovate, sublanceolate or narrowly elliptical, obtusely narrowed or
subacute, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, serrate-dentate,
more or less petiolate or the uppermost sessile, membranous,
glandular, ciliolate, somewhat shining, 11% in. long, 3—% in. broad;
lower petioles up nearly to 1 in. long; flowers axillary and sub-
terminal, 2-2 in. long when expanded, numerous, together forming
terminal leafy racemes dense at the apex and lax below ; peduneles-
1-flowered, divaricate, viscid-pubescent, up to 3—1% in. long; calyx
11 in. long, viscid-pubescent, deeply 5-lobed; segments somewhat
unequal oblong- or lanceolate-linear, obtuse ; corolla-tube eylindrieal
below, a little dilated, curved and gibbous above, sparingly glandular-
pubescent, $- in. long; limb spreading, glabrous, striate, §—§ 12-7
diam.; lobes 4-% in. long, obovate-oblong, subtruncate, broadly
emarginate or excise; stamens included; style nearly glabrous,
bifid at the stigmatic apex, filiform, 3-1 in. long, included within
the corolla-tube; capsule ovoid-oblong, pallid, shining, sparingly
glandular-papillose, 1-1 in, long, 11 in. broad. Lyperia racemosa,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 378, and in DC. Prodr. x. 359.
Cheenostoma racemosum, Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 489,
not of Benth.
WESTERN Recron, between 500 and 2000 ft.: Little Namaqualand; near the
mouth of the Orange River, Zeyher! by the Zwartdoorn River, Drége, 31186!
Spektakel Mountain, near Naries, Bolus in Herb. Norm. 663; Louis Fontein, oe
Zeyher, 1225! and without precise locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5739:
Vanrhynsdorp Div.; near Mieren Kasteel, Drége, 31180! Karree Berge,
Schlechter, 8171!
65. 8. integerrima (Hiern); an undershrub, woody below, sub-
herbaceous at the top, nearly glabrous, minutely glandular-puberulous,
somewhat viscid and shining, much branched, perennial, 1-1} ft. high ;
branches opposite and decussate or the upper alternate, slender, WY»
rather rigid, subvirgate or flexuous, suberect or ascending; intern
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 285
mostly exceeding the leaves; leaves opposite or alternate, sometimes —
quasi-fasciculate, narrowly oblanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, wedge-
shaped at the base, quite entire or occasionally sparingly-toothed,
firm, minutely glistening with small sessile or hair-like glands,
i5-% in. long, 35-4 in. broad; petioles up to about + in. long;
flowers racemose, rather numerous, about } in. long when expanded,
orange-coloured ; racemes lax, terminal, somewhat flexuous, oblong,
corymbosely arranged; pedicels 1-flowered, rigid, 3~1 in. long;
bracts solitary, basal, sublinear, smaller than the leaves; calyx
% in. long in flower, 1-1 in. long in fruit, glandular-puberulous,
deeply 5-lobed; segments linear, obtuse; corolla-tube about 54; in,
long, glandular-puberulous outside, subcylindrical, rather slender,
somewhat dilated curved and ventricose near the top; limb
spreading, about 1 in. in diameter; lobes oval-rotund, rounded,
entire, about 4 in. long; stamens and style included ; capsule oblong,
glandular-squamulose, about ;3; in. long. Lyperia integerrima,
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 359, partly ; Engl. Jahrb. x. 254. Manulea
linifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235, partly; not of
Thunberg.
Karanari Reeron: Bechuanaland; on the rocks at Chue Vley, Burchell,
2393! between Kuruman and the Vaal River (a form with the leaves sometimes
few toothed), Cruickshank in Herb. Bolus, 2544! stony places near Kuruman,
Marloth, 1085.
66. S. asbestina (Hiern); an undershrub, woody and intricately
branched below, subherbaceous and divaricately branehed near the
top, nearly glabrous, minutely glandular-papillose above, somewhat
viscid and shining, apparently perennial, spreading or suberect,
3-1 ft. high ; branches opposite or alternate, rather slender, wiry,
rigid, divaricate, procumbent or aseending, older ones pallid;
branehlets green, leafy; leaves obovate or oblanceolate, rounded or
apiculate, wedge-shaped at the shortly petiolate base, opposite or the
upper alternate, occasionally quasi-fasciculate, firm, glistening with
small sessile glands, entire or sparingly toothed, 3-3 im. long,
vo’; in. broad; petioles up to about in. long; flowers axillary
and racemose, rather few, about % in. long when expanded, white ;
Tacemes lax, terminal, at first corymbose, afterwards elongated and
oblong, corymbosely arranged ; pedicels 1—} in. long, rigid, 1-flowered ;
bracts spathulate or sublinear, smaller than the leaves ; calyx 3’ in.
long in flower, about 3 in. long in fruit, glandular, deeply 5-lobed ;
Katanari Reciow: Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; Asbestos Mountains near
he Kloof Village, Burchell, 1665 ! 2056!
286 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [ Sutera.
67. S. macrosiphon (Hiern); a weak undershrub, erect, pale
green, branched, about 1 ft. high ; branches numerous, decumbent or
ascending, slender, wiry; branchlets erect, terete, subglabrous or
glandular-puberulous ; leaves opposite, linear or linear-spathulate,
acute at the apex or obtusely narrowed at both ends, sessile or sub-
sessile or at times attenuate into the very short petiole, very thinly
puberulous, nearly flat or narrowly revolute on the margin, 4-1 in.
long, ;;—} in. broad ; internodes as long as or shorter than the
leaves; flowers 3—1in. long, mauve, axillary and arranged in terminal
leafy racemes; bracts leaf-like, the uppermost shorter; pedicels
suberect, slender, filiform, very shortly puberulous, exceeding or
about equalling the leaves or bracts, 3—% in. long; calyx 3-3 im
long, somewhat inconspicuously puberulous, deeply lobed or ‘cleft
half-way down; segments subequal, linear-setaceous or -attenuate,
acute; corolla shortly puberulous outside ; tube slender, cylindrical,
elongated, straight, somewhat dilated towards the throat, 3-1 in.
long ; lobes rounded, obtuse, entire, scarcely or about } in. long;
the throat naked, finely pilose ; stamens glabrous ; filaments short;
one pair of anthers included; style filiform, as long as the corolla-
tube, glabrous, slightly exceeding the longer pair of stamens OF
about equalling the shorter pair ; capsule ovoid-oblong or oblong,
glabrous, as long as the calyx or shorter, about 4 in. long oF
ait Cheenostoma macrosiphon, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, —
Coast Reaton: Queenstown Div.; in rocky places at the top of the Andries-
berg Range, near Bailey, about 6400 ft., Galpin, 2004 !
CENTRAL REGION, between 4000 and 7400 ft.: Graaff Reinet Div. ; in the
valleys of the Sneeuwberg Range, Bolus, 1976! below precipices on the side
4 = Compass Berg, Bolus, 1976! Shaw, 126! Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg,
aw!
68. S. violacea (Hiern); an erect shrub, 3-4 ft. high, more oF
less branched ; branches erect, terete, very thinly or obsoletely
puberulous, dusky or ashy; branchlets alternate or opposite,
glandular-puberulous, densely leafy; leaves linear, obtuse, somewhat
narrowed towards the sessile base, revolute on the margin, entire,
very minutely puberulous on both faces, pale yellowish-green when
dried, up to 1 in. long, 3,4 in. broad, the lower opposite, the uppe
alternate ; flowers axillary, solitary, shortly pedunculate, 3-3 1
long ; peduncles shorter than the calyx-segments, up to } in. long;
calyx deeply 5-cleft, 2 in. long ; segments linear-subulate and sub-
acute or sublinear and obtuse, erect, puberulous; corolla violet 1
the living state, turning blue in drying; tube eylindrical, somewhat
dilated towards the apex, nearly straight, minutely puberulous
outside, 2-$ in. long; lobes oblong-rotund, very obtuse, spreading,
s+ in. long, 3-2 in. broad; one pair of stamens shortly exceeding
the corolla-tube; style filiform, exceeding the stamens; capsule
ovoid or oblong, glabrous, somewhat shorter than the calyx, about
z in. long. Chenostoma violaceum, Schlechter in Engl. Saheb.
xxvii. 180.
Sutera.) SCROPHULARIACEH® (Hiern). 287
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; in rocky places, near Hoek, at the foot of
the Koude Berg, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 8708 !
CentRaL Recion: Calvinia Div.; Boter Kloof, 1000-2200 ft., Schlechter,
10885 !
Occasionally two of the calyx-segments are connate high up.
69. S. subspicata (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467); suffruticose,
branched, erect, glabrous or nearly so, subglaucescent, 5-7 in. high ;
branches suberect, numerous, fastigiate, leafy ; leaves elliptical or
oblong, obtuse, slightly narrowed towards the sessile somewhat clasp-
ing and narrowly decurrent base, strongly few-toothed, 1-1 in. long,
tz—} in. broad, the decurrent lines often shortly ciliate, teeth callous-
tipped ; flowers rather numerous, about & in. long, arranged in sub-
spicate terminal racemes ; pedicels very short; calyx }-1 in. long,
deeply 5-lobed, glabrous except on the ciliolate lanceolate-linear
lobes; corolla-tube minutely glandular-puberulous outside, about
+ in. long, cylindrical, funnel-shaped at the apex, nearly straight ;
lobes rounded, entire, about 4; in. long, spreading ; stamens didy-
namous, one pair of anthers shortly exserted, rounded, falling short
of the style ; capsule ovoid, } in. long. Chenostoma subspicatum,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 376, and in DC. Prodr. x. 356.
Cheenostoma subspicatum, Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
123, 172.
Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; on hills near Papies Vley, 500 ft.,
Schlechter, 10442! Mossel Bay Div.; Honig Klip, east of the Gauritz River
below 1000 ft., Drége, 7908b !
7 %0. 8. amplexicaulis (Hiern); perennial, shrubby at the base,
subherbaceous above ; stems procumbent or dependent, elongating,
simple or divided especially below, terete, rigid or wiry, viscid-
pubescent, densely leafy at least above, 3-1} ft. long; leaves alternate
or the lower opposite, oval-ovate, obtuse, mostly cordate-amplexicaul at
the base, denticulate or subentire, more or less pubescent, membranous,
bright green, turning black in drying, 1-2 in. long, 3-} in. broad,
mostly sessile and imbricate or the opposite ones as long as or longer
than the internodes ; flowers about + in, long, numerous, subsessile
or shortly stalked, axillary or bracteate at the base, together forming
terminal leafy and bracteate elongating dense spikes; bracts 2
(Bolus), like the leaves but rather smaller, imbricate ; pedicels about
+ in. long or less, pubescent ; ealyx about } in. long in flower, } in,
long in fruit, pubeseent, 5-partite ; segments oblanceolate or sublinear,
obtuse ; corolla-tube 2 in. long, subcylindrical, rather slender, nearly
glabrous, nearly equal at the throat but sometimes a little swelled or
bent ; limb subequally 5-lobed ; lobes obovate-oblong, +; in. long,
entire; stamens included, glabrous; anthers small, 1-celled ; fila-
ments filiform, rather short, inserted above the middle of the corolla ;
style nearly as long as the corolla-tube, glabrous, filiform ; stigma
simple ; capsules ovoid-oblong, about 3 in. long, nearly er
peria amplexicaulis, Benth. in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag.1. ’
and in DO. Prodr. x. 358,
\
288 SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern). [Sutera.
Western Region, between 500 and 1500 ft.: Little Namaqualand ; by the
Groene River, Drége, 3095a! between Hollegat River and the Orange
River, Drége, 30954 ; hanging from clefts of rocks near Klipfontein, Bolus, —
6567! between the Kamiesberg Range and the mouth of the Orange River,
Zeyher! on hills at Eenkokerboom, Schlechter, 11052! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ;
Rarree Bergen, Zeyher, 1239!
Also in Hereroland (Engl. Jahrb. x. 254).
71. 8. Maxii (Hiern); an undershrub, densely or intricately
branched below, 3—1 ft. high, perennial ; stems woody, rather thick,
pallid or ashy, glabrous, procumbent or suberect; branchlets
numerous, erect or ascending, subterete, more or less densely clothed
with soft pallid viscid pubescence, rigid, leafy, mostly opposite and
decussate, sometimes subfasciculate, the upper sometimes alternate ;
internodes mostly about equalling or somewhat exceeding the leaves
or the uppermost shorter; leaves ovate-oval, obtuse or rounded,
nearly rounded or subcordate at the sessile or subsessile base, rather
thickly membranous, viseid-pubescent or puberulous, entire or some-
what dentate, 1-2 in. long,i—2 in. broad; flowers in the upper
axils, $-1 in. long, forming terminal ereet leafy spicate racemes
which elongate in fruit; peduncles about 3 in. long or less, pubes-
cent; calyx viscid-pubescent, 5-partite; segments linear-oblong,
slightly and gradually widened upwards, erect, ciliate, obtuse, some-
what unequal, about 3 in. long in flower, }—2 in. leng in fruit ; corolla-
tube subcylindrical, rather slender, curved and somewhat dilated
gibbously towards the apex, glabrous or nearly so; limb spreading ;
lobes subrotund, entire, about 1 in. in diam.; stamens and style in-
cluded ; capsules oblong, obsoletely glandular, 3—} in. long.
Western Region: Great Namaqualand; Guos and the Tsirub Mountains,
Schinz, 39! Tiras, on granite hills, Schinz, 50! Little Namaqualand; on hills,
near the Orange River, at I’us, 2800 ft., Schlechter, 11430! Little Bushmanland,
at Jakalswater, Maz Schlechter, 6!
Also in Damaraland,
72. 8. fruticosa (Hiern); a small shrub, 1-3 ft. high; young
parts inflorescence and foliage more or less viscid-pubescent, turning
dusky or black when dried ; branches divaricate, ascending, opposite
or alternate, subterete, ashy ; branchlets leafy; leaves opposite OF
subopposite or sometimes alternate, silvery-shining, ovate- or oval-
oblong, subacute or obtuse, somewhat wedge-shaped rounded oF
subcordate at the base, firmly membranous, entire or repand oF
rarely few-toothed, 1-1 in. long by 11 in. broad, sessile or sub-
sessile ; floral leaves similar, exceeding the calyx; flowers rather
numerous, very shortly stalked or subsessile, 3-1 in. long, axi
or bracteate at the base, in terminal leafy and bracteate
short or elongating spikes, bright purple; calyx oblong, pubes-
cent, 3-4 in. long in flower, 1—2 in. long in fruit, deeply 5-lobed;
segments oblong- or laneeolate-linear, obtuse; corolla-tube eylin-
drical, narrowly funnel-shaped and somewhat ventricose or t
towards the top, 3-1 in, long, slender, glandular-puberulous, about
Sutera.] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 289
zo in. in diam. at the middle; limb #—3 in, in diam., spreading ;
lobes oval-oblong, rounded, entire, 1-1 in. long; stamens included ;
capsules ovate-oblong, sparingly glandular, 1-1 in. long; style
filiform, glandular-puberulous below, slightly thickened towards the
emarginate tip, persistent, nearly as longas the corolla-tube. Lyperia
Jruticosum, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 377, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 358. Chenostoma fruticosum, Wettst. in Engl. § Prantl,
Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B. 69.
WEsTERN Recon, between 500 and 3300 ft.: Little Namaqualand; Modder
Fontein, Drége, 3117a! near Zwartdoorn River, Drége, 3117)! near the mouth
of the Orange River, Drége, 7927! Spektakel Mountain near Naries, Bolus in
Herb. Norm. 665! Komaggie, Whitehead ! and without precise locality, Patter-
son! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Zout River, Schlechter, 8145!
_ 73. 8. tristis (Hiern); an annual herb, robust, rigid, often
shrubby below, erect, scentless (or the smell of the flowers but little
unpleasant), 1-2 ft. high, viscid-pubescent; stem leafy, simply
branched or simple; branches erect-patent or ascending, straight or
flexuous, the upper alternate; leaves opposite or alternate, ovate-
oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped towards the base,
incise-dentate or subentire, suberect, veined, subsessile or subpetiolate,
green, paler beneath, flat, glabrous or puberulous, glandular, thinly
fleshy, fit for cooking, 1-2 in. long, 3-1} in. broad ; floral ones
rather smaller; flowers numerous, about 1 in. long, numerous,
subsessile or very shortly stalked, spicate and axillary, forming terminal
elongated or shortly leafy and bracteate spikes; bracts smaller than
the leaves, longer than the ealyx, about equalling or shorter than the
capsule, dentate or entire, free from the calyx; spike dense at the
apex, interrupted below; calyx 1—} in. long in flower, 5- in. long,
in fruit, viscid-pubescent, deeply 5-lobed ; segments broadly linear,
obtuse, erect ; corolla-tube cylindrical, somewhat widened at both
ends, ventricosely so at the apex, whitish or yellow ochre, glandular-
puberulous outside, scarcely or somewhat curved, $-1} in. long,
about 3. in. broad at the middle; limb reflexed or spreading ; lobes
linear-oblong or obovate, entire or slightly emarginate, 4-3 In. long,
sides sometimes revolute, dirty or gloomy yellowish; stamens
included ; filaments filiform, short; anthers ber fe se ptt
capsules ovoid-oblong, viseid-puberulous, 4-3 in. long or rather ;
Erinus tristis, Linn. e? Suppl 987 ; Thunb. Prodr. 103, and Fl.
Cap. ed. Schult. 476. Lyperia tristis, Benth. am Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 378, and in DC. Prodr. x. 858. L. simplex, Benth. Il. cc.,
excl. syn. Thunb. Chenostoma triste, Wettst. in Engl. and Prantl,
Pflanzenfam. iv. 38, 69. Erinus fragrans, B, Att. Hort. Kew,
ed. i, ii, 357 3 not a.
$ Kant floral
Var. 8: montana (Hiern); 4-6 in. high, less viscid; the lowest #
leaves subdentate: the Neue hints shortly icellate ; ry! ad “pied
zs-yo in. long. Chenostoma triste, var montana, Diels in Engl. Jahrb, xxm. da
Vanrhynsdorp Div. ;
Coast Region, ascending from 30 to 3000 ft.:
ne Drege, 7900! sont the Holle River, Drége, 3138a! ups Hoek,
VOL. IvV.—secT. 11.
290 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Sutera.
Schlechter, 8067! Clanwilliam Div.; near Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 314! Olifants
River Mountains, Schlechter, 5086! Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Kloof, Bolus, 5467!
Mosterts Hoek, Schlechter, 420! Paarl Div.; between Paarl Mountain and
Paarde Berg, Drége. Cape Div.; vicinity of Cape Town, Thunberg ! Drége, 290!
Wolley Dod, 408! 1703! 2982! Harvey, 456! Bolus, 3890, and in Herb. Norm.
495! Mossel Bay Div. ; between Hartenbosh and Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6221!
Crnrrat Reoion ; Calvinia Div.; Brand Vley, Johanssen, 2! Bitterfontein,
Zeyher, 1309! Graaff Reinet Div.; Karoo, Ecklon §° Zeyher, 387! Fraserburg
Div.; between Klein Quaggas Fontein and the Dwaal River, Burchell, 1446!
Var. 8, Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
WesteERN REGION, between 500 and 2000 ft.: Little Namaqualand; hills
near Groene River, Drége! Noagas, Drége, 3138c! near Eleven Mile station,
Bolus in Herb. Norm. 662! and without precise locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus,
5740! Zabies, Max Schlechter, 94! Little Bushmanland; Kraiwater, Maa
Schlechter, 85! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Zout River, Schlechter, 8125! Karree
Bergen, Schlechter, 8181!
This is one of the 2 species of Erinus, mentioned by Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr.
i. 277, note.
74. 8. lychnidea (Hiern); shrubby below, herbaceous above, erect,
or suberect, 1-2 ft. high; stems viscid-scabrid or nearly glabrous,
robust, subterete, erect or procumbent ; branches usually alternate, —
leafy, purplish, turning dusky when dried; leaves opposite oF
alternate or quasi-fasciculate, oblong, oblanceolate or sublinear,
obtuse, wedge-shaped or alternate at the base, dentate or subentire,
rather thickly membranous, scabrid-puberulous or nearly glabrous,
4-2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad ; the lower shortly petiolate ; the upper
sessile ; flowers numerous, axillary or bracteate, forming termin
elongating spikes dense above and laxer below, purple, fragrant;
about 1 in. long, very shortly stalked or subsessile ; bracts like the
leaves but smaller, entire, pubescent or eiliate, longer than the calyx,
free; pedicels up to 2 in. long, pubescent ; calyx oblong, 3-4 1
long in flower, 1-1 in. long in fruit, deeply 5-lobed, pubescent;
segments linear, obtuse, erect ; corolla-tube narrowly cylindrical,
about 1 in. long, slightly dilated curved and gibbous at the top,
viscid-pubescent outside with pointed hairs; limb spreading,
2~4 in. in diam. ; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded, entire, 1-4 in. long ;
stamens included; capsule ovoid-oblong, glandular, pubescent,
3-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad. Selago Lychnidea, Linn. Pl. Rar. Aft:
12. Manulea lichnidea, Desrouss. in Lam. Encyel. iii. pee
Erinus fragrans, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. i. ii. 357a, not B. Erinus
lychnideus, Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fil. Cap. ed. Schult. 474
(lichnideus), excl. syn. Lyperia fragrans, Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. i. 378, and in DC. Prodr. x. 358. L. macrocarpa, Benth.
Wl. ce, Lyehnidea villosa, foliis oblongis, dentatis, floribus spicatis,
Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. Decas v. 138, t, xlix. fig. 4. Huphrasice afins
Africana, Pedicularis folio villoso, floribus proelongis tubis profunde
lubiatis donata, Ray, Hist. Plant. iii. 401.
SoutH Arrica: without locality, Pappe, 59! Masson! Thunberg! Herb.
Burmann !
Coast Reaion, below 500 ft.: Malmesbury Div. ; Saldanha Bay, Dréyés
1320! Cape Div. ; hills near Simonstown, Galpin, 4372! shores at False ba:
Bows in Herb. Norm, 1330! Hout Bay, Harvey, 197! Wolley Dod, Te
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 291
sand dunes near Cape Town, Zeyher, 1310! Brehm! Fish Hoek, Bolus, 4868!
Wolley Dod, 344! near Retreat Viey, Wolley Dod, 2252! Riet Valley, Ecklon §°
Zeyher, 484!
75. 8. tenuiflora (Hiern) ; an erect herb, divaricately branched,
sparingly viscid-pubescent, annual, 3-9 in, high ; branches opposite
or alternate, procumbent or ascending, leafy ; leaves opposite or the
upper alternate, narrowly elliptical or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute,
wedge-shaped at the base, dentate or subentire, membranous,
“puberulous, 1-12 in, long, ;—! in. broad, the upper subsessile;
petioles of the lower leaves up to 3 in. long; flowers rather
numerous, purple, racemose and axillary, forming terminal leafy
racemes dense at the top and lax below, nearly 1 in. long; pedicels
yz-4 in. long ; bracts smaller than the leaves, longer than the calyx ;
calyx shortly viseid-pubescent or ciliolate, 11 in. long, deeply
5-lobed ; segments linear, subacute; corolla-tube cylindrical, slender,
3-s in. long, =; in. broad, very nearly glabrous, shining; limb
spreading ; lobes obovate, rounded, entire, }—-} in. long; stamens
included ; style filiform, very slender, finely glandular-pilose, nearly
as long as the corolla-tube; capsule ovoid-oblong, $3 in. Jong,
sprinkled with small shortly-stalked glands. Lyperia tenuiflora,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. p. 378, and in DC. Prodr, x.
358,
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 3610!
Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.; Hessaquas Kloof, Zeyher?
Centrat Recion: Ceres Div.; at Yuk River or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1246 |
This is probably one of the 7 species of Erinus, mentioned by Burchell, Trav.
8. Afr, i, 295,
76. 8. litoralis (Hiern) ; glandular, somewhat shrubby; leaves
sublanceolate or elliptical, acute or obtuse, sessile or shortly petiolate,
«3 in. long, {5-1 in. broad, midrib prominent beneath ; flowers
axillary, solitary; peduncles 2,—3; in. long; calyx-segments 5;
Spathulate or linear, obtuse or acute, about 1 in. long by ;'5 in.
broad, densely glandular-pilose ; corolla-tube $-{ in. long, —
as in. broad, hairy outside ; lobes oblong or subovate, about { ae
long by 2 in. broad; filaments ;,—} in. long, inserted on the
Corolla-tube about 5% in. above its base; posterior anthers about
ie in. long; style 4 in. long ; capsule conical, acute, 7 in. long,
3-t in. broad ; seeds small, brownish. Lyperia litoralis, Schinz in
Verh. Bot. Brandenb. xxxi. 192. Chenostoma littorale, Wettst. ex
Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 477.
Western Recion: Great Namaqualand; Angra Pequena, Pohle, Schenk,
15 and 27, Schinz.
Said to be nearly related to 8. fruticosa and S. amplezicaulis.
77. 8, sessilifolia (Hiern); a rather low undershrub, brittle ;
branches numerous, subdivaricate, glandular-hairy ; leaves sessile,
Oval, acute, entire or few-toothed, %-1 in. long, +-j in. broad ;
Upper leaves subamplexicaul ; floral leaves similar, mostly 2 in. long ;
vu 2
292 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
pedicels mostly 2 in. long, about equalling the floral leaves ; calyx-
segments linear, somewhat acute, } in. long, ,4 in. broad ; corolla-
tube sparingly glandular-pilose, somewhat widened above, gently
curved, 4-1 in. long; lobes obovate, 4 in. long, 4 in. broad.
Chenostoma sessilifolium, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 476.
WesTERN Reaion: Great Namaqualand ; country of the lower Orange River,
Steingrover, 17.
Near 8S. fruticosa and S. litoralis, but is said to differ from both by the shape
of the leaves and the length of the flower stalks, and that in many respects it
recalls S, corymbosa (Marl. and Engl.) Hiern and S. heucherifolia (Diels)
Hiern, which belong to the section Intermedie.
78. S$. aurantiaca (Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 757); shrubby
at least at the base, glandular-puberulous, apparently sometimes
annual and in other cases perennial, divided at or near the base into
several decumbent or procumbent woody or wiry branches ; branch-
lets slender, wiry or subherbaccous, alternate, leafy or sparingly so; _ ;
leaves subfasciculate, ovate or obovate, obtuse or subacute, narrowed
at the base, bipinnatisect, 1-2 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, finely
glandular-pilose; petioles up to 34 in. long; primary segments
elliptical or oblong-cuneate, mostly petiolate; ultimate segments
oblong-obovate or oval, or linear, sessile, small; flowers orange oF
bright red, slightly striated (W. Nelson), racemose or axillary,
4-4 im. long; racemes lax, few- or several-flowered, short oF
elongated, terminal; pedicels divaricate, glandular-puberulous,
4-i In. long, moderately rigid, 1-flowered ; bracts similar to the
leaves or simply pinnatisect, smaller; calyx finely glandular-pilose,
deeply 5-lobed, »,-2 in. long; segments sublinear or spathulate,
obtusely pointed; corolla-tube subcylindrical, towards the apex 4
little curved and shortly funnel-shaped, 3—1 in. long, not very
slender, glandular outside; limb spreading, somewhat oblique,
4-3 Im. in diam.; lobes obovate-rotund, entire, 32,3 in. long;
stamens included; style glabrous, nearly as long as or not much
shorter than the corolla-tube; capsules ovoid or oblong, q5—3 1%
long, shortly or scarcely exceeding the calyx, pallid, glabrous,
shining. Buchnera aurantiaca, Burchell, Trav, S. Afr. i- 388.
Lyperia multifida, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380, and
DC. Prodr. x. 361. Manulea multifida, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P L.
lil, 1. 236.
Coast Rueton: Riversdale Div.; on arid plains near the Gauritz River,
Bowie! Bathurst Div. ; between Kap River and Fish River, Drége (ex Bentham) !
Queenstown Div. ; Cooper, 332!
CENTRAL RezGion, from 2000-5000 ft. : Somerset Div.; at the foot of Bosch
Berg, MacOwan, 1227! Cradock Div. ; near Cradock, Burke! Richmond Div.5
Winterweld, Drége. Aliwal North Div. ; near Aliwal North, Kuntze. Albert
Div.; near the Stormberg River, Drége, 797a! near the Orange River, Burke:
near Gaatje, Drége, and without precise locality, Cooper, 573! Colesberg Div-s
near Colesberg, Shaw !
KaLAaHaRI Reeion: from 3000-5000 ft.—Griqualand West, Hay Div.3 : 4
Griqua Town, Burchell, 1847! Herbert Div.; Spuigslang Fontein, Burchell —
1727! Orange River Colony; near the Caledon River, Burke! Zeyher, 1
Sutera] SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern), 293
Kommissie Drift, Zeyher, 1298! Wolve Kop, Burke, 186! Basutoland, Cooper,
2860! Bechuanaland, between Kuruman and the Vaal River, Cruickshank in
Herb. Bolus, 1955! Transvaal ; by the Aapies River, near Pretoria, Burke !
Zeyher, 1300! Wilms, 1067a! Aapies Poort, Rehmann, 4120! near Lydenburg,
ip 1067 ! Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1303! north of Yuckschyt River, Nelson,
524!
Eastern Region: Tembuland; between Engeobo and Nquamakwe, Bolus,
8757! Natal; Mohlamba Range, Satherland! between Greytown and Newcastle,
Wilms, 2187! near Newcastle, Wood, 5867! Zululand, Gerrard, 1517!
Also in Tropical Africa.
79. S. pristisepala (Hiern); an undershrub, closely branched,
about 1 ft. high; stems ascending, glabrous below; branchlets sub-
parallel, approximate, opposite or subfasciculate, subterete, rigid,
divaricate or ascending, glandular-papillose, 2-9 in. long; papille
shining, silvery; internodes about equalling the leaves; leaves
Opposite or the upper alternate, often quasi-fasciculate, ovate or
ovate-oblong, pinnatipartite, obtuse, subtruncate or obtuse at the
base, glandular-papillose, 1—} in. long, 1,—1in. broad ; segments incise-
pinnatifid or few toothed or the upper entire; petioles up to 2 in.
long, somewhat dilating and clasping at the base ; flowers purple,
subspicate or the lower axillary, numerous, about 2 in. long ; spikes
1-5 in. long; pedicels very short, in fruit up to 7 in. long; bracts
alternate, like the leaves but smaller; calyx deeply 5-lobed,
glandular-papillose outside, glabrous within, about ;; in. long in
flower and 2 in. long in fruit ; segments obovate-oblong, incise or
dentieulate, obtuse ; corolla-tube subcylindrieal, curved and slightly
or scarcely dilated above, glandular-papillose above, nearly glabrous
below, about 2 in. long and ;), in. in diam. about the middle; limb
spreading, about 1 in, in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, rounded, sntare
or subrepand, about +4; in. long; throat glabrous; stamens included ;
style glabrous, filiform, slightly club-shaped above; stigma small,
subcapitate, bidentate ; capsule ovoid, minutely glandular-papillose,
vo in. long, bivalved ; valves bifid.
Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony; near Cave, at foot of Mont aux
Sources, 6800 ft., Flanagan, 2085 !
80 S. concinna (Hiern); a delicate herb, apparently procumbent,
apparently perennial ; stems slender, rather firm, leafy below, en cate
with short gland-tipped hairs, a few in. long; glands minute ; upper
internodes rather short; middle internodes longer ; leaves eens
or the upper alternate, pinnatisect, sometimes quasi-fasciculate, ovate
or oblong in general outline, obtuse, pinnatifid, dentate or penne
grey-green, minutely puberulous-glandular, including the Jon e
about 1—] in, long, 1~2 in. broad ; petioles mostly shorter than the
leaves, somewhat dilated at the base ; flowers solitary in the upper
axils, about 11 in. long; peduncles slender, }-} in. long, —
finely glandular-pilose ; calyx about +4;—} in. long, 5-partite, ba ‘n y
glandular 3 Segments narrowly oblong, obtuse or subobtuse ; corolla-
tube cylindrical, 2, in. broad, twice as long as the calyx, somewhat
294 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern), [ Sutera.
glandular outside, subglabrous within, somewhat curved or nearly
straight ; limb somewhat oblique, openly eampanulate, 1—} in. broad ;
lobes 3-1 in. long, rounded and entire; throat funnel-shaped and
glabrous; stamens glabrous, included; filaments 4-3; in. long,
inserted about and shortly above the middle of the eorolla-tube;
anthers shortly oval, 1-celled, apparently all fertile, upper pair some- —
what smaller than the lower, the latter 2, in. long; style about
1in. long, filiform, somewhat curved and thickened or scareely s0
towards the apex, glabrous or very nearly so; stigma eapitellate, small ;
ovules numerous.
KALAHARI REGION: Bechuanaland; Pussarge, 37!
Habit somewhat of Sutera glandulosa, Roth, but more slender.
81. §. luteiflora (Hiern); rootstock woody; stems shrubby
below, herbaceous above, puberulous, branched, 3—1} ft. high, dusky- q
grey when dry; stems several, erect or ascending; branches ascend-
ing or decumbent, terete, wiry, leafy; branchlets divaricate of
ascending, rather slender, somewhat flexuous, leafy ; leaves alternate
or opposite, somewhat subfasciculate, ovate or elliptical, pinnati-
partite or pinnatifid, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the shortly petiolate
base, glandular-puberulous, grey-green, 3-1 in. long, ;3;—} in. broad;
lobes oblong or ovate, obtuse, entire or few-toothed ; flowers axillary
and subterminal or racemose, }—1 in. long, forming terminal leafy
racemes 1-9 in. long; pedicels alternate, 1-2 in. long, glandular
puberulous, ebracteolate, rather slender or in fruit rather rigid ;
calyx campanulate, ;1,—1 in. long, finely glandular-pilose, persistent,
greenish, deeply 5-lobed ; segments obovate or oblong, rounded of
triangular at the apex, nearly equal; corolla yellow, membranous,
veined, straight or curved, puberulous-glandular outside; tube
cylindrieal below, funnel-shaped above, 2 in. long, #5 in. broad
below, +"; in. broad at the top; limb more or less spreading, about
¢ in. broad, unequally 5-lobed ; lobes rounded or obovate, very
obtuse , entire, 1-1 in. long; stamens glabrous or nearly so, uppet
pair inserted on the funnel-shaped corolla-throat, lower pair on the
cylindrical portion of the corolla-tube about its middle; filaments
filiform, about ; in. long ; anthers reniform, 1-celled, uniform, about
zo in. broad ; style firmly filiform, glabrous or nearly so, 7 in. longs
stigma small; ovary ovoid, obtuse, glandular-puberulous, rather
shorter than the style; capsule oval, obtuse, ,—} in. long, minutely
glandular.
Kabawant ReGiow: Transvaal; banks of Queens River, near Barberton,
Galpin, 1137! Crocodile River Valley, near Barberton, Galpin, 1069!
Eastern Region: Natal, from 3000 to 4000 ft. ; moist places near Newcastle,
Wood, 6402! 6653! Colenso, Wood, 4044! 5511!
Also in South Tropical Africa.
82. 8. crassicaulis (Hiern); an undershrub, woody and eer ‘
branched at least at the base, more or less lepidote-glandular an
fetid, scented like Rue, perennial or annual ?, 2~12 ft. high ; —
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). + 205.
stock usually thick ; branches opposite or subfasciculate or the upper
alternate, divaricate or ascending or straight, often virgate, rigid,
woody or wiry; branchlets rather leafy and slender; leaves sub-
fusciculate, oval, oblong or ovate, obtuse, more or less narrowed at
the base, pinnatisect or pinnatifid, shortly petiolate, 4-1 in. long,
s-4 In. broad, sprinkled with small white sessile shiuiug glands;
segments linear or oblong-cuneate, entire or 2-3-fid ; flowers 1—} in.
long, racemose and axillary, numerous, usually bright yellow ; racemes
straight, narrow, interrupted, not dense except near the apex, rigid,
elongating ; pedicels ;—1 in. long, rigid, glandular; calyx ;—; in.
long in flower, =} in. long in fruit, glandular, deeply 5-lobed ;
segments sublinear, subobtuse; corolla-tube subcylindrical, curved
and a little gibbous-dilated not far from the apex, somewhat
glandular-papillose outside, 12 in. long; limb subpatent, 1-2 in. in
diam.; lobes ;;—;; in. long, obovate-rotund, retuse; stamens
included ; style nearly glabrous, filiform, 1-1 in. long; capsule
oblong, 4—} in. long, pallid, more or less sprinkled with white shining
sessile glands. Lyperia crassicaulis, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 379, and in DC. Prodr. x. 360. LL. stricta, Benth. in
DC. le.
Var. 8: purpurea (Hiern) ; flowers violet, lilac, or dark purple; whole plant
strongly scented. :
Coast Region: Queenstown Div.; summit of Andries Berg, near Bailey,
ft., Galpin, 2030! :
CrntkaL ReGion, between 4000 and 7000 ft.: Tarkastad Div.; Wildschuts
Mountain, Drege, 361la! Graaff Reinet Div.; Compass Berg, Bolus, 1975!
Aberdeen Div.; Camdeboo Mountains, Drége. Murraysburg Div. ; near
Murraysburg, Tyson, 180! Aliwal North Div.: Witte Bergen, Drége, 7925!
Cooper 597! Albert Div. ; Burghersdorp, Cooper, 775! Colesberg Div.; Coles-
berg, Shaw #
Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony; Sand River, Burke, 337 ! Zeyher,
1297! rocky hills, Mrs, Barber! Transvaal; between Trigards Fontein and
Standerton, Rehmann, 6763 !
Var. 8: Basutoland; near Matele, 6900-7000 ft., Thode, 42! Orange River
Colony ; top of Mont aux Sources, 11,000 ft., Evans, 760!
Eastern Recion: Natal; Buffalo Valley, near Charlestown, Wood, 5740!
83. S. mollis (Hiern) ; shrubby at least below, woody at the base,
appirently perennial, procumbent ; stems 3-2 ft. long, branched at
least below ; branches alternate or opposite, rigid or wiry, softly
pubescent, often elongated, leafy ; hairs often tipped with small
glands ; leaves opposite or alternate, subfasciculate, ovate, obtuse,
subtruncate or shortly narrowed at the base, incise-dentate, pinnatitid
or pinnatisect, membranous, softly puberulous or pubescent, glandular,
sl in. long, »,-3 in. broad ; petioles up to } in. long, pubescent ;
flowers axillary, numerous, 4—} in. long; peduncles spreading,
slender, pubeseent, 1—® in. long, 1-flowered ; calyx pubescent or
hispid, glandular, deeply 5-lobed, 35} in. long ; segments oblong-
Inear or linear, obtuse ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, somewhat funnel-
Shaped above, nearly straight, glandular-puberulous outside, }—3 in,
long; limb spreading, 1-2 in. in diam. ; lobes obovate-vblong,
296 SCROPHULARIACE&X (Hiern). [ Sutera.
rounded, entire, 1-1 in. long; stamens included; style filiform,
glabrous, nearly 3 in. long ; capsules oval, somewhat glandular, + in.
long. Lyperia mollis, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380, and
in DC. Prodr. x. 360. Chenostoma molle, Wettst. ex Diels m
Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1299! 1304!
Coast REGION, between 2000-3000 ft. : Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range,
Ecklon! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 85! Bolus, 1946! Bedford
ity skirts of woods near Bedford, Weale! Eastern Frontier, MacOwan,
40! ;
CenTrat Recion: Colesberg Div. ; in defiles among rocky hills at Colesberg,
4500 ft., Drége, 797¢!
Katawart Recion: Orange River Colony ; near the Caledon River, Burke,
441! 368! Griqualand West; between Kuruman and the Vaal River, Cruick-
shank in Herb. Bolus, 2538!
84. 8. Tysoni (Hiern) ; a shrub, 1-2 ft. high or more, branched ;
branches opposite or quasi-fasciculate, rigid, pallid, glabrous, divari-
cate; branchlets opposite or alternate, slender, minutely glandular-
puberulous, moderately leafy, divaricate-ascending ; leaves opposite
or subfasciculate, ovate or oblong, pinnatisect, obtuse, more Or less
wedge-shaped at the base, deep green and minutely glandular on
both faces, 1-1 in. long, 3-2 in. broad; segments oblong, obtuse,
unequally bifid or entire ; petioles 11 in. long; flowers racemose
and axillary, few or numerous, about 2 in. long; racemes rather lax,
terminal, short, or elongating; pedicels divaricate or ascending,
alternate, rather slender, minutely glandular-puberulous, {-3; ™
Jong; bracts small, entire or lobed; calyx glandular-hispidulous,
deeply 5-lobed, about 4 in. long; segments linear, obtuse ; corolla-
tube subcylindrieal, rather slender, slightly dilated and curved
towards the apex, minutely glandular-papillose outside, about $ 1-
long; limb spreading, about $ in. in diam.; lobes oblong, rounded,
entire, about 1 in, long; stamens included; style slender, V@Ty —
nearly glabrous, shining ; stigma small, subcapitate ; capsule ovoid,
rather pallid, 4-4 in. long, obsoletely glandular.
Centrat Region: Murraysburg Div.; i 1 ar Murraysburg;
4100 ft., Tyson, 802! y pe in rocky places ne
85. 8. pinnatifida (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 236, line 4);
an undershrub, much branched, shortly pubescent or nearly glabrous,
low or decumbent, irregularly diffusely or closely branched, about
1 ft. high or less; branches woody or wiry; branchlets alternate OF
sometimes opposite, moderately leafy; internodes mostly exceeding
the leaves; leaves subfasciculate, elliptical or obovate, obtuse, more
or less narrowed at the shortly petiolate or subsessile base, somew
fleshy, slightly micaceous or glaucous, pinnatifid or pinnatisect, 3~*
in. long ; lobes oblong-cuneate oblong or oval, obtuse, entire, dentate
or again pinnatifid, often conduplicate; flowers white, yellow,
scarlet, crimson or very deep lake colour, racemose or axillary,
few or rather numerous, 1} in. long; pedicels divaricate, 5-3
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). 297
long, rigid or sometimes slender ; calyx glandular-puberulous, viscid,
zoe In. long, deeply 5-lobed ; segments linear, obtuse; corolla-tube
subcylindrieal, slender, more or less glandular outside, somewhat
dilated and eurved near the top, 3-} in. long; limb spreading,
$y In. in diam.; lobes oval or oblong, }—} in. long, rounded at the
apex or retuse ; stamens and style included; eapsule ovoid-oblong,
és in. long, finely glandular-pilose. Manulea pinnatifida, O.
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 236, not of Linn. f. nor of Thunberg.
Lyperia pinnatifida, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380, and
in DC. Prodr. x. 361, excl. syn. Chenostoma pinnatifidum, Wettst.
ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491.
Bentham, U1. cc., has the following varieties :
a. canescens ; capsules about half as long again as the calyx.
B. subcanescens ; capsules about as long again as the calyx.
Y. viscoso-pubescens ; capsules about as long again as the calyx; corolla rather
small, 4-2 in. long.
3. subbipinnatisecta ; corolla rather large, about $-4 in. long.
€. microphylla; viscid-pubescent.
¢ macrophylia ; leaves 4—} in. long.
Coast ReGion, between 50 and 6000 ft.: Uniondale Div.; between Aapies
River and Roode Krantz River in Long Kloof, Burchell, 4951! Albany Div. ;
Bothas Hill, near Grahamstown, Schlechter, 6085! and without precise locality,
Williamson ! Queenstown Div.; Table Mountain, Drége. Catheart Div. ; Cath-
cart, Kuntze. Var. a: Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Drége ;
hill near Uitenhage, Schlechter, 2589! British Kaffraria; Hangmans Bush,
probably this variety, Cooper, 177! Var. 8: Uniondale Div.; near Groot River
in Long Kloof, Burchell, 4988! Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River,
Zeyher, 3518a! Grassrug, Zeyher, 3518)! mountains near Enon, Drége, 2324!
Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Zeyher, 3513! Albany Div.; Zeyher, 846!
Fort Beaufort Div. ; near Fort Beaufort, Ecklon, 212! Var. 7: Bathurst Div. ;
near the Fish River, Drége, 3609a! Var. 5: Queenstown Div.; near the
Zwartkei River, Bawr, 94! Stockenstrom Div.; Elands Post (Seymour), Cooper,
3321 near Queenstown, Galpin, 1544! Cathcart Div.; near the Klipplaat River,
Drege, 797d! Var. €: Uitenhage Div.; Uitenhage, Harvey, 949! hills near the
Sunday River, Drége, 7923d! Albany Div., Cooper, 1541! Var., ¢: Uitenhage
Div. ; between Galgebosch and Milk River, probably this variety Burchell, 4781 +
CENTRAL REGION, between 3000 and 4500 ft. : Cradock Div. ; Cradock,
Kuntze. Graaff Reinet Div.; on Cave mountain, Bolus, 67! Middelburg Div. ;
Middelburg Road, Kuntze. Var. a: Somerset Div.; Somerset Hast, Bowker,
151! by the Platte River, probably this variety, Burchell, 2960! Graaff Reinet
Div.; near Graaff Reinet, Drége, 79236! Victoria West Div.; Nieuweveld, pif
7923a! Var. 6: Somerset Div.; Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell, 3010! 3090!
Philipstown Diy.; Bavers Pan, Burchell, 2711! Var. y: Philipstown Div. ;
hear Philipstown, Ecklon! Var. 8: Graaff Reinet Div. ; hills near Graaff
Reinet, Bolus, 55! Oude Berg, Drége, 797f! Richmond Div. ; Aageghn-<3
Drége. Colesberg Div.; between Colesberg and Hopetown, Shaw, 125! $ Var. ¢ :
Aberdeen Div.; Camdeboo Mountains, Drége, 3611)! Carnarvon Div.; Klip
Fontein, Burchell, 1531! at Carnarvon, Burchell, 1549! :
Katanart Reaion: Var. y: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; between
Spuigslang Fontein and the Vaal Ria, Burchell, 1725! Transvaal ; Mogelies
Berg, Zeyher, 1302! Var. 8: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1303!
Basutoland, Cooper, 2862! Var. ¢: Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1299
partly ! 1304 partly! Burke! Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; by the Vaal
River at Blaauwbosch Drift, Burchell, 1733!
Eastern Recion: Var. 8: Natal; Inanda, Wood!
298 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Sutera.
86. S. filicaulis (Hiern); shrubby, branched and almost woody
at the base, viscid-pubescent on the branches, leaves and inflores-
cence ; branches decumbent, elongated, wiry below, filiform above ;
internodes mostly exceeding the leaves ; leaves opposite or the upper
alternate or subfasciculate, oval, ovate or obovate, very obtuse, sub-
truncate or shortly narrowed at the base, incise-pinnatifid, firmly
membranous, 1—1 in. long, ;3;—} in. broad ; petioles up to } in. long;
flowers axillary and racemose, rather numerous; racemes lax,
terminal ; peduneles 1-flowered, rather slender, 1% in. long ; calyx
zy} in. long, deeply 5-lobed; segments linear obtuse ; capsules
ovoid, 11 in. long. Lyperia filicaulis, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot.
Mag. i. 380, and in DC. Prodr. x. 361.
CrentRaL ReGion: Aliwal North Div. ; in rocky places on the Witte Bergen,
5000-6000 ft., Drege, 7224!
87. S. foliolosa (Hiern); an undershrub, glandular-puberulous,
A densely branched, 6-12 in. high or more; branches opposite, alter-
nate or fasciculate, divaricate, woody ; branchlets rigid, wiry, leafy ;
leaves fasciculate, linear-cuneate, rather fleshy, somewhat hoary,
obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, sessile or shortly petiolate,
pinnatifid, dentate or entire, ,—1 in. long, glandular; flowers 5—§ 12.
>
3
long, racemose and axillary, lax; pedicels 1—% in. long, rigid or
somewhat slender, glandular; bracts like the leaves but smaller;
calyx glandular, deeply 5-lobed, 3, in. long; segments oblong-
linear, obtusely pointed ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, somewhat
curved and slightly dilated near the apex,somewhat glandular out-
side, 14 in. long ; limb spreading, 1—1 in. in diam. ; lobes obovate,
rounded and entire or retuse, 1 in. long; stamens and style
included ; capsules ovoid-oblong, glabrous or nearly so, 3—1 in. long.
Lyperia foliolosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380, and in
DC. Prodr. x. 361. L. foliosa, Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Not
Manulea folivlosa, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235, except the
synonym. Of. Erinus capensis, Houtt. Handl. ix. 540, t. 58, fig.
and A, not of Linn.
Coast Rzgion: Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, Ecklon ! Krauss, 1606.
Knysna Div.; Zwart Valley, Pappe/ Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops
River, Ecklon § Zeyher! Pappe! Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss, 1609. Port
Elizabeth Div. ; Algua Bay, Forbes ! ju
Centrat Region: Prince Albert Div.; on the Zwart Bergen, Bolus,
— ; 2419! Somerset Div.; between Little Fish River and Brak River, Dreg®
88. S. phlogiflora (Hiern) ; an undershrub, decumbent or suberect,
much branched, glandular-hispidulous, 3-2 ft. high or more, pere!!-
nial or annual? ; branches divaricate, alternate, opposite oT sub-
fasciculate, hard, rather slender; branchlets leafy, wiry; leaves
subfasciculate, ovate, obovate or oblong, obtuse, more or less
narrowed at the base, mostly incise-dentate or pinnatifid, glandular,
sparingly pilose or nearly glabrous, shortly petiolate, ;!;—} in. long,
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 299
vat in. broad ; flowers axillary and racemose, bright purple or
white, §- in. long when expanded; racemes lax; peduncles
moderately strong or rather slender, divaricate, viscid-glandular,
3-3 in. long, 1-flowered; calyx glandular or viscid-hispidulous,
deeply 5-lobed, 1-1 in. long; segments linear, subobtuse ; corolla-
tube cylindrical, slightly dilated and gibbous near the apex, more or less
glandular-puberulous, rather slender, }-2 in. long; limb spreading,
2—¢ In. in diam. ; lobes obovate-oblong, emarginate at the broad apex,
$s I. long; stamens included ; style about 2 in. long, shining, some-
what glandular, filiform; capsule ellipsoidal or oblong, somewhat
glandular, 11 in. long. Lyperia phlogiflora, Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. i. 379, and in DC. Prodr. x. 360. L. phlogifolia,
Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 141, 200. L. flogiflora,
Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austral. 4. Chenostoma phlogiflorum,
Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491.
Coast REeton, between 500 and 2000 ft.: Knysna Div.; by the Zwart
River, Schlechter, 2880! Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, MacOwan, 2861
Bathurst Div. ; near the Karega River, Bolus, 1893! Albany Div. ; Fish River
Heights, Hutton! ridges on Grahamstown Flats, Galpin, 83! King Williamstown
Div. ; near King Williamstown, Tyson, 978! and in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb.
Norm., 844! Peddie Diy. ; near the Keiskamma River, Drége, 3609)! British
Kaffraria, Cooper, 239 !
CENTRAL Reeion: Somerset Div.; stony slopes at the foot of Bosch Berg,
2600 ft., MacOwan, 1227!
89. S. burkeana (Hiern); a shrub, 14 ft. high, glandular-
puberulous, much branched, dusky in the dried state; branches
alternate, crowded, subdivaricate or ascending, rather slender, leafy,
often elongated ; leaves usually fasciculate, rarely scattered, obovate
or euneate-oblong, obtuse or pointed, attenuate at the base, incise-
dentate or pinnatitid, shortly petiolate, spreading or recurving,
3-4 in. long, ;1,—} in. broad ; flowers racemose, {~1 in, long ; racemes
few- or several-flowered or elongating and many-flowered, lax,
terminal; pedicels 1-2 in. long, rather rigid; calyx {—5 In. long,
deeply 5-lobed, viscid-puberulous; segments lanceolate-oblong or
-linear, subacute ; corolla white, salmon-coloured, deep buff or dusky,
more or less viscid-hairy outside; tube cylindrical, a little curved
above the middle, slightly dilated near the top, s—} In. long or
rather shorter, =, in. broad; limb 3-2 in. in diam., spreading,
glabrous above; lobes obovate or oblong, rounded, entire, ;4,—} iv.
long; stamens just included ; capsule ovoid-oblong, nearly glabrous,
$—s in.long. Lyperia burkeana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 361.
6
Chenostoma burkeanum, Wettst. in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii.
Pretoria district, Nelson, = ee lg
burg, Wilms, 1065! Origstad, Wilms, 1065a ! Crocodile River, Burke’ Magalies-
berg, Burke, B13! Schlechter, 2620! Zeyher, 1306! Makapaus Hee magia
30! near Johannesburg, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6162! Rand, 420,
868 !
Eastern Region: Zululand ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 2033!
Also in South Tropical Africa, where the flowers are called Geele Bloemetjes and
Katanari Region; Transvaal;
300 SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). [ Sutera,
used by the Boers for dyeing linen yellow and staining wood or put into oil for
rubbing-up furniture.
90. S. Henrici (Hiern) ; an undershrub, woody at the base, much
branched and procumbent below, about 1 ft. high ; branches ascend-
ing or divaricate, rather slender and wiry, densely glandular-puberu-
lous above, terete, leafy; internodes usually about equalling or
shorter or in some forms longer than the leaves; leaves opposite or
the upper alternate, mostly quasi-fasciculate with abbreviated leafy
axillary shoots, ovate-oval, obtuse, subtruncate or somewhat wedge-
shape dat the base, incise-pinnatifid, firmly membranous, glandular-
papillose, 3-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; teeth or lobes entire or
sparingly toothed ; petioles ~,—} in. long, densely glandular-puberu-
lous; flowers axillary, rather numerous, } in. long; peduncles
1—1in. long, densely glandular-puberulous, rather slender, divaricate ;
calyx deeply 5-lobed, densely glandular-puberulous, } in. long;
segments broadly linear, obtuse ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly
dilated and more or less curved above, sprinkled with short gland-
tipped hairs outside, about ;3, in. long; limb somewhat spreading ;
lobes oval or oblong, rounded or subtruncate, entire, ;4;—} in- long ;
anthers not exserted ; style slender, 4 in. long; capsule oval, obtuse,
minutely glandular, 2 in. long, ;4, in. broad.
Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony; in open places at Besters Viet
near Witzies Hoek, 5400 ft., Bolus, 8228!
Eastern Reeion: Tembuland; near the Emgwali River, 2900 ft., Bolus,
8758! near Engcobo, Bolus !
91. S. Bolusii (Hiern); an erect, annual, somewhat wiry herb,
branched at the base, about 12 ft. high; stems erect or ascending,
several, rather slender, firm, purplish below, pale green above, simple
or nearly so, viseid-puberulous with short rather thick whitish haus ;
internodes mostly 1-2 in. long ; leaves opposite or subopposite or the
uppermost alternate, usually quasi-fasciculate, ovate or narrowly
elliptical, obtuse or subobtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, mem-
branous, minutely glandular, somewhat finely pilose, irregularly
pinnatilobed, 2-lin. long, 13 in. broad; lobes dentate or subentire ;
petioles 4 in. long, glandular-pubescent ; flowers racemose and
the lower axillary, numerous, 1—1 in. long, yellow ; racemes simple,
rather lax, 6-9 in. long or in flower shorter; pedicels 1-3 in. long;
slender, firm, divaricate, bracteate or axillary to the upper leaves,
glandular-pilose ; bracts narrow, smaller than the leaves, entire oF
dentate, glandular-puberulous ; calyx glandular-puberulous, 343-16 1
long, in fruit about 3 in. long, deeply 5-lobed ; segments oval-oblong
or linear-oblong, obtuse; corolla-tube 1—1 in. long, subcylindrical,
nearly straight or a little curved above, about =\, in. in diam. at the
middle, dilated near the limb, sprinkled with small glands ; limb
spreading, {-} in. in diam.; lobes oval or subrotund, rounde
entire, ;';-;'y In. long; stamens included; capsule oval, pallid,
minutely or obsoletely glandular, 3-1 in. long.
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 301
Katanari REGION: Transvaal; near the Crocodile River, about 750 ft.
Bolus, 7670!
92. S. kraussiana (Hiern) ; shrubby ; branches hispidulous or
minutely glandular-puberulous, subterete, rigid, slender, mostly
alternate, subvirgate; branchlets divaricate or ascending, very
slender, leafy; leaves oval or oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the
base, rather thickly membranous, minutely glandular, green at least
above, unequally ineise-dentate, mostly alternate, often quasi-fascicu-
late, 1-11 in. long, 3—% in. broad; lower petioles ~,—2 in. long;
flowers axillary and sometimes in terminal lax leafy racemes, rather
numerous, white or pale lilac, about + in. long, sometimes % in. long ;
pedicels slender, more or less glandular-pilose, spreading, 3—2 in.
long ; ealyx glandular-puberulous, deeply 5-lobed, ;';—;; in. long;
segments lanceolate-oblong, obtuse; corolla-tube subeylindrical,
slightly dilated and gibbous upwards, minutely glandular-pilose ;
limb spreading, about 2 in. in diam.; lobes oblong, rounded, entire,
about + in. long; stamens included; capsules ovoid-oblong,
glandular-pulverulent, 4in. long. Lyperia argentea, Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 379, var. B. Chenostoma kraussianum, Bern-
hardi exc Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Lyperia kraussiana, Benth. in
DC. Prodr. x. 360. L. argentea, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 359,
Var. 8: latifolia (Hiern); rather scabrid; leaves oval or subovate, not
exceeding 3 in. long. Lyperia kraussiana, var. latifolia, Benth. in DC., lc.
L. argentea, var. y, Benth. in Hook., l.c.
Coast Rraron, from 100 to 6000 ft.: Komgha Div. ; Prospect Farm, near
Komgha, 2100 ft., Bolus/ Kei River hills, Bolus/ near the mouth of the Kei
River, Flanagan, 1346! Var. 8: Alexandria Div. 5 Addo and near the Bosch-
mans River, Ecklon ! between the Sunday and Fish Rivers, Thunberg ! Queens-
town Div.; Hangklip Mountain, Galpin, 1519!
CENTRAL Reaion : Aliwal North Div.; Aliwal North, Kwntze.
EasteRN REGION: Natal; near Durbun, Krauss, 119! Sanderson, 5431
Inanda, Wood, 167! Camperdown, Wood, 27! Maritzburg, Rehmann, 7572!
Var. 8: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 582! hill near Avoca,
250 ft., Schlechter, 3010!
93. 8. argentea (Hiern) ; a shrub, perennial, 13-4 ft. high and
more, woody below, subherbaceous and viscid-puberulous above ;
stem erect, much branched ; branches opposite or alternate, rather
slender, wiry, rigid, sometimes virgate ; branchlets moderately
leafy ; leaves opposite or alternate, often quasi-fasciculate, ovate,
obovate or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or pointed, wedge-shaped at the
base, incise-dentate, closely sprinkled beneath with minute silvery-
shining sessile papilliform glands, }—} in. long, 3'5-$ in. broad;
petioles up to 54, in. long; flowers rather numerous, axillary and
racemose, 12 in. long; pedicels slender, viscid, spreading at least
in fruit, as in. long; bracts dentate or subentire, smaller than the
302. SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Sutera.
leaves; calyx viscid-glandular, deeply 5-lobed, ~,;-} in. long;
segments sublinear, obtuse; corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly
dilated and somewhat curved above, sparingly glandular-puberulous
outside, about 2 in. long; limb more or less spreading, about 3—j in.
in diam. ; lobes obovate-oval, rounded, entire, lavender with purple
streaks, about ;,—2 in. long; throat yellow; stamens included;
eapsules oval-oblong, sparingly glandular, 1-1 in. long. Manulea
argentea, Linn. f. Suppl. 286; Thunb. Prodr. 102 and Fl. Cap.
ed. Schult. 472. Lyperia argentea, Benth. in Hook. Comp, Bot.
Mag. i. 379, excl. var. B and y; Benth. in DC. Prodr, x. 359,
partly. ;
Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens Berg, Drége, Ecklon! Witte
Klip, Bolus, 9142! Albany Div.; hills near Grahamstown, Bolus, 7898!
Alexandria Div.; Zuurberg Range, Drége, 2324d! King Williamstown Div.;
Keiskamma, Cooper, 441! Eastern Districts, MacOwan, 201 partly! British
Kafiraria, Cooper, 2875 !
CenrraL Reeton; Graaff Reinet Div.; stony hills near the Sunday River,
2000-3000 ft., Drége. Albert Div.; near the Orange River, Burke! Albert
Div. ; Cooper, 775!
Katawart Recon: Griqualand West; near Griquatown, Mrs. Orpen in
Herb. Bolus, 6483 !
Eastern Reoion: Tembuland; hills near the Umtata River, 1000-2000 ft.,
Drége, 2324c!
In Thunberg’s herbarium several species of Lyperia are included under
Manulea argentea,
94. §. altoplana (Hiern) ; an undershrub, 3-4 in. high; rootstock
woody, rather thick, much branched; branches short, decumbent,
woody; branchlets erect or ascending, rather slender, closely-
puberulous, somewhat wiry, rather leafy, terete; leaves opposite
or the upper alternate or in many cases quasi-fasciculate, obovate or
oblanceolate, rounded or very obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base,
rather thick, glandular puberulous, strongly or incisely dentate,
shortly petiolate, 1-1 in. long, .,—1, in. broad; flowers racemose,
: > 2f 10 e
rather numerous, }—2 in. long; racemes erect, rather lax, 1-3 in.
long ; pedicels alternate, closely glandular-puberulous, divarieate or
suberect, rather slender, firm, 11 in. long; bracts basal, smaller
than the leaves, entire or dentate; calyx densely glandular-puberu-
lous, deeply 5-lobed, »;—2 in. long; segments sublinear, obtuse ;
evrolla-tube subcylindrival, somewhat funnel-shaped and curved
towards the apex, 18 in. long, glandular-puberulous outside ; limb
more or less spreading, about 1-1 in. in diam. ; lobes obovate oF
oval, 5-4 in. long, rounded or broad, scarcely retuse.
Centra Recion: Fraserb Div.; i Fraserbu
4200 ft., Bolus, 9181! urg Div.; elevated plains near rg,
95. S. virgulosa (Hiern); an erect undershrub, somewhat hoary-
greenish, more than 1] ft. high ; stems pallid, branched; branches
or branchlets erect or subereet, straight, subvirgate or sometimes
branched, viscid-pubescent with small glands and short soft spreading
oF
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). 303
hairs, 9-12 in. long, rather slender, rigid, somewhat flexuous, leafy ;
leaves elliptical, obtuse, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, grey-
green, glandular-puberulous, rather thickly herbaceous, incise-dentate,
3s in. lony, {4,1 in. broad, opposite or alternate, quasi-fasciculate ;
petioles up to } in. long, glandular-puberulous ; flowers axillary and
subterminal, about + in. long, numerous; peduncles solitary,
1-flowered, densely glandular-puberulous, moderately firm, 1—} in.
long; calyx deeply 5-lobed, densely glandular-puberulous, ;1,—} in.
long; segments linear-oblong, obtuse, smooth and shining within,
erect ; corolla-tube about 1 in. long, subcylindrical, nearly straight,
with a slight gibbosity towards the apex, =; in. in diam. at ihe
middle, finely glandular-pilose outside; limb spreading, 1-2 in. in
diam. ; lobes obovate-oval, rounded or subtruncate, entire, 3 4 in.
long; stamens included; capsules ovoid-oblong, glandular-pilose,
3~¢ In. long,
Eastern Region: Griqualand East; on mountain sides near Mataticle,
5300 ft., Tyson, 1634!
96. S. canescens (Hiern); suffruticose, erect, strong-scented,
3-2 ft. high, apparently annual, branched from the base ; lower
branches somewhat woody at the base, subterete, wiry, hoary with
minute glandular puberulence above, erect or ascending ; upper
branches ascending, subherbaceous above, moderately leafy, opposite
or alternate ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, sometimes quasi-
fasciculate, oval- or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or subacute, more or less
wedge-shaped at the base, shortly petiolate, serrate or incise-dentate
or the uppermost subentire, somewhat hoary especially beneath, {—{ in.
long, 1-1 in. broad; flowers axillary and racemose, rather numerous,
about 2 ini long ; racemes leafy below, bracteate above, lax, oblong ;
pedicels 2—1 in, long in flower, 1} in. long in fruit, viscid-puberu-
lous; bracts entire or sparingly toothed, smaller than the leaves ;
calyx glandular-puberulous, ;!; in. long in flower, ;'o~§ in. long in
fruit, deeply 5-lobed; segments lanceolate-linear, bluntly-pointed ;
Corolla-tube about 1 in. long, somewhat glandular-viscid outside,
subcylindrical, somewhat and gradually dilated and subgibbous
above ; lobes rounded, entire, about ;3; in. long; stamens included ;
capsule ovoid-oval, minutely glandular, ; im. long. Lyperia
canescens, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1. 379, and, in DC.
Prodr, x. 359. Chaenostoma canescens, Wettst. ex Diels in Engl.
Jahrb. xxiii, 490. ae
Sourn Arrica: without localit , Zeyher, 1296 (in fruit, doubtfu
Western Recton: Little Norzequiladits inundated places by ns te
River near Veleptram, below 506 ft., Drege, 3102! Great Namaqua gy Be y 26
the bed of a river, Schinz, 31! 33! Bysondermaid (Karakhoes), Schinz,
(doubtful) !
Also in tropical Namaqualand.
* if ca . h
97. §. incisa (Hiern ; an undershrub, 5-8 in. high, muc
branched, woody ate anual below, tomentose-pubescent above ;
304 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
lower branches divaricate, rigid, ashy, short, rather thick ; branchlets
rather slender, leafy, erect or ascending ; leaves opposite, occasionally
quasi-fasciculate, obovate, obtuse, wedge-shaped: at the base, incise-
dentate or crenate, tomentose or shortly pubescent on both faces,
2-1 in, long, y,-} in. broad; petioles ~5—} in. long, tomentose-
pubescent; flowers racemose and axillary from the axils of the
branchlets and the upper small leaves, about 1 in. long; racemes
few-flowered, rather lax, 11-2 in. long; pedicels erect-patent,
tomentose-pubescent, 1-2 in. long, not slender; calyx glandular-
pubescent, deeply 5-lobed, 1—1 in. long; segments linear, obtuse;
corolla-tube subcylindrical, nearly straight, slender, somewhat
ventricose near the apex, glandular-puberulous outside, about 6 times
as long as the calyx or about 3—2 in. long ; limb spreading, small;
lobes oval, entire, ;1,—;!; in. long ; stamens included ; capsule ovate-
oblong, + in. long, minutely or obsoletely glandular; style very
slender, about } in. long. Hrinus incisus, Thunb. Prodr. 103, and
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 476. Lyperia incisa, Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. i. 379, and in DC. Prodr. x. 359.
Sout ArFrica: without locality, Thunberg!
Crentrat Reeion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam, Masson !
98. S. grandiflora (Hiern); an undershrub, viscid-pubescent,
erect, 13—4 ft. high; branches alternate or opposite, ascending, leafy,
rigid, rather robust, the lower elongated ; leaves mostly alternate,
subfasciculate, oval-oblong, obtuse or subacute, more or less wedge-
shaped at the base, crenate-serrate, hispid, scabrid, shortly petiolate,
3-11 in. long, 21 in, broad; lateral veins alternate, narrowly
impressed on the upper face, hispid and raised on the lower ; flowers
racemose, numerous, 2-11 in. long; racemes terminal, simple, sub-
corymbose and rather dense at first, afterwards elongating and rather
lax, deep purple, 13-12 in. long; pedicels divarieate or ascending,
glandular-pilose, moderately rigid, 1-flowered, alternate, 1—2 in. long;
the upper crowded ; bracts basal, sublinear, solitary or subfasciculate ;
calyx glandular-hispid, deeply 5-lobed, 2-2 in. long; segments
linear-oblong or spathulate or sublinear, obtuse ; corolla-tube shortly
glandular-pubescent, 2-11 in. long, subcylindrical, rather slender,
slightly dilated and curved near the top; limb spreading, g-1j wD.
in diam.; lobes obovate-rotund, entire or retuse, 1—} in. long ;
3 2
stamens included ; style filiform, glabrous, about 2 in. long; ovary
sprinkled especially near the apex with small glands, otherwise
glabrous ;_ capsules ovoid-oblong, minutely glandular, } in. long 5
seeds very numerous, irregularly oblong, =, in. long. Lype
50
grandiflora, Galpin in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 151.
KataHARI Region, between 2000 and 5000 ft. : Transvaal; at the skirts of
forests near the Macmac Goldfields, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3024! Goldie ™
MacOwan Herb. Aust. Afr., 1639! near Spitzkop, Wilms, 1048! near Lyden-
burg, Atherstone! near Barberton, Bolus in Herb. Norm., 1329! hillsides near
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 305
Barberton, Galpin, 894! without precise locality, Mrs. Saunders, 198 (in Herb.
Wood, 3897) ! :
99. 8. stenopetala (Hiern) ; erect, small parts ashy-pilose with
glandular hairs ; stems up to 8 in. high ; leaves ovate, incise-crenate,
as in. long, 1—2 in. broad; petioles mostly + in. long, the upper
shorter; floral leaves somewhat similar or quite entire, smaller,
diminishing to } in. long by 3; in. broad ; pedicels 2 Sin. long,
searcely elongating in fruit; calyx-segments linear-subulate, 2 in,
long; corolla-tube glandular, 7-1 in. long; lobes oblong, sub-
rectangular, rounded-truncate or very slightly emarginate, 2 in.
long, about 1 in. broad ; capsules ovoid, + in, long, 1-1 in, broad.
Chenostoma stenopetalum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 477.
CenTRAL Re@ron: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
100. S. accrescens (Hiern) ; suffruticose below, subherbaceous
above ; stems or branches virgate, viscid-puberulous, terete, brown,
leafy, erect or ascending, 1-14 ft. high; branchlets alternate, short,
leafy, viscid-pubescent, dusky when dried; leaves mostly alternate,
quasi-fasciculate, obovate, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base,
glandular-hispidulous, rather thickly herbaceous, turning dusky when
dried, incise-dentate, 12 in. long, ,!,-} in. broad; midrib and
alternate lateral veins narrowly impressed above, raised beneath ;
petioles #,-1 in. long, glandular-hispidulous; flowers racemose,
numerous, es in. long; pedicels 3-3 in. long, densely glandular-
puberulous, rather slender in flower and firm in fruit ; ealyx
3-z in. long, deeply lobed, densely glandular-hispidulous, dusky
when dried ; segments broadly linear, obtuse ; corolla-tube sub-
cylindrical, narrowly funnel-shaped and gibbous above, hispid outside
with gland-tipped sete, 1—2 in. long, ;; in. in diam. above, 70 in.
below ; limb spreading, $-} in. in diam.; obovate-oblong, {—5 in.
long, rounded or subtruncate, entire; stamens included ; capsules
Ovoid-conieal, subacute, glandular-papillose, $—5 in. long, ~,-} in.
broad; style filiform, persistent on the young fruit and then about
x In, long, glabrous.
Katanarr Region: Transvaal; Houtbosch (Woodbush) Mountains, 6000 ft. ,
Schlechter, 4382!
a ee ain i hich
This species is remarkable for having an accrescent corolla, the limb of w
Opens ole the tube just equals the calyx in length, the tube subsequently
elongating,
101. §, brunnea (Hiern); an undershrub, 3-2} ft. high; branches
erect or pcarmemey ie and ashy below, papillose or aia:
puberulous above ; branchlets alternate, opposite or quasi-fascic te,
tather slender and leafy ; leaves spathulate or narrowly oblanceolate,
obtuse, narrowed to the sessile or subsessile base, entire, or with a
few small teeth towards the apex, rather thick, glabrous or more or
less glandular-papillose, opposite or fasciculate with abbreviated
x
VOL, IV.— SECT, II.
306 SCROPHULARIACE&X (Hiern). | Sutera.
axillary leafy shoots, 1-1 in, long ; flowers axillary and racemose,
rather numerous, chocolate-brown, 8-1 in. long ; pedicels rather
slender, 1-1 in, long; calyx papillose, deeply 5-lobed, }—} in. long;
segmenis broadly linear, obtuse; corolla-tube cylindrical, slender,
curved and somewhat dilated near the apex, sparingly glandular-
papillose outside, 2-2 in. long; limb spreading, about } in. in diam. ;
lobes oval-oblong, about 1—1 in. long, entire or nearly so; stamens
included ; capsules ovoid-oval, pallid, glabrous, 1} in. long.
Var. 8: macrophylla (Hiern) ; stems rather viscid ; leaves up to 1-1} in. long
by 1-2 in. broad, sparingly denticulate towards the apex or dentate.
Coast Recion: Komgha Div. ; roadsides near Kei bridge, Flanagan, 436!
CenTRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; hills near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft.,
Bolus, 3, partly! Var, 8: Calvinia Div.; Karoo below the Bokkeveld Moun-
tains, doubtfully referred to this variety or species, Masson ! ‘
KataHari ReGion: Transvaal; near Barberton, 2400 ft., Galpin, 645!
Var. 8: Transvaal ; Houtbosch (Woodbush), Rehmann, 6008 !
EasteRN Reeion: Transkei Div.; Kreilis country, Bowker! Natal; near the
Mooi River, Gerrard, 1243! Var. 8: Delagoa Bay; between the Lebombo
Mountains and the Komati River, 500 ft., Bolus, 7609 !
This is one of the species called by the colonists ‘‘ Geele Bloemetjes.”
102. 8. atropurpurea (Hiern); a heath-like shrub, 1-3 ft. high,
much branched ; branches terete, pale brown, glandular-puberulous
or nearly glabrous; branchlets wiry, rather elongated, numerous,
glandular-puberulous, leafy, grey-green ; leaves opposite and usually
fasciculate, cuneate-linear or narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse, gradually
narrowed to the sessile base, firmly fleshy, glandular-puberulous oF
glabrous, deep- or grey-green, entire, ;4,-1 in. long ; internodes
between the fascicles 1-1 in. long; flowers axillary to the uppet
fascicles, 2-1 in. long, forming terminal leafy racemes; peduncles
spreading or ascending, 1-flowered, 1-1 in. long, firm, minutely
glandular-puberulous, ebracteate ; calyx-segments lanceolate-linear,
obtuse, glandular-puberulous, j,—1 in. long in flower, scarcely
longer and little widened in fruit; corolla saffron, chocolate oF
reddish-brown ; tube $-Z in, long, rather slender, cylindrical, some-
what curved and slightly widened near the apex, somewhat glandular
outside, glabrous within ; lobes oval or oblong, obtuse, entire, §—+ !2-
long ; stamens glabrous; anthers subreniform, about $s in. broad, all
fertile ; upper pair inserted about the top and the lower pair near
the top of the corolla-tube ; filaments short ; style filiform, glabrous,
included or nearly so; stigma ovate, rather narrower than the
anthers and reaching the upper pair, glabrous; capsule ovoid- —
conical or oblong, somewhat compressed, 1—1 in. long, 4 in. broad,
glabrous, Manulea atropurpurea, Herb. Banks. ex Benth. in Hook.
Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 380; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235.
Lyperia atropurpurea, Benth., lc. LL. erocea, Ecklon ex Benth
eee
235 (not L. foliolosa, Benth.). Cheenostoma croceum, Wettst.
Diels in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii. 491.
Sutera. ] SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern), 307
Coast Reeion, ascending from 400 to 4000 ft.: Riversdale Div. ; near Rivers-
dale, Schlechter, 1737! Mossel Bay Div.; near the Gauritz River, Ecklon &
Zeyher! Goud (Gauritz) River, Masson! Albany Div.; near Bushmans River,
Zeyher, 850! 2515! and without precise locality, Miss Bowker, 880! Fort
Beaufort Div.; near Fort Beaufort, Ecklon, 850! Zeyher, 3516! Queenstown
Div.; Engotina near Shiloh, Bawr, 968! near Queenstown, Galpin, 1813!
Catheart Div. ; near Klipplaats River, Drége, 8272!
CeNnTRAL REGION, ascending to 4000 ft, : Prince Albert Div.; Zwart Bergen,
near Vrolyk, Drége! Cradock Div.; near the Great Brak River, Burke!
Burghersdorp, Guthrie, 4565! Cradock, Kuntze. Beaufort West Div.; Karoo,
peddle Richmond Div. ; Winterveld, Drége, 8276! Albert Div.; Cooper,
WEsTERN Recion: Great Namaqualand, without precise locality, Schinz, 1!
Katanari Reaion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.: near Belmont, Orpen,
117! Hay Div.; Griqua Town, Burchell, 1866! 2110! Kimberley Div.; near
Kimberley, Marloth, 864! Bechuanaland; banks of the River Moshowa
_ hear Takun, Burchell, 2290! Orange River Colony; Mrs. Barber! Burke,
394! Transvaal; Sandloop, 4700 ft., Schlechter, 4377! Klippan, Rehmann,
5287! plains near the Bechuanaland border, Bolus, 6438 !
Eastern Recion : Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 880! Natal; edge of a
donga near Weenen, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 4434!
This bush deserves notice as a drug, and in all probability will, ere long,
come an article of colonial export. It grows abundantly in some parts of the
Eastern districts of Cape Colony, whence it has found its way into the dispensary .
The flowers, which are called Geele Bloemetjes, closely resemble Saffron in smell
and taste, and they possess similar medical properties, and, as an anti-spasmodic,
_ anodyne and stimulant, ought to rank with Crocus sativus. In Cape Town they
_ have as yet been used with success only in the convulsions of children, but they
deserve a more general trial. On account of the fine orange colour which they
impart, they are in daily request among the Mahomedans, who use them for the
purpose of dyeing their handkerchiefs. This drug has been observed sometimes
to be adulterated by the admixture of other plants of the same genus, which are
less efficacious.—(Pappe, List of S. Afr. Indig. Pl. used as remedies, 10.)
In Linnea xx. 199, Drége distinguished between Lyperia crocea, Eckl., and
L. atropurpurea, Benth. ; he referred Drage, 8270 to L. crocea, and Zeyher,
3515 (a specimen from Boschmans river in Albany, below 500 ft. alt.) to L.
crocea, B. microphylla glabra, Zeyher ; and for L. atropurpurea he hight a
‘ynonym L. crocea, B. microphylla pubescens, Zeyher; but no characteristics
Were given for either the species or the varieties.
108. S. pedunculata (Hiern); a shrub about 2 ft. high, much
branched, perennial or biennial; stems woody ; branches divaricate
or ascending, slender; branchlets alternate, sometimes crowded,
eafy, very slender, glandular-papillose, scarcely subscabrid ; leaves
subfasciculate, obovate-cuneate or oblanceolate, obtuse, wedge-shaped
at the base, shortly petiolate, excise-dentate at the apex or rte
alf or rarely subentire, minutely glandular-squamulose, = 4 ve
long by s5-i in. broad ; flowers axillary or racemose, tolerably
humerous, white, not spotted, 1-2 in. long; pedicels Oe
tather slender, minutely glandular, 1-flowered, 3—} in. long; calyx
glandular, deeply 5-lobed, about } in. long; segments beer pert
subobtuse ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, a little gibbous-dilated .
curved near the apex, rather slender, somewhat Peicer re ous
outside, pale greenish-yellow ; limb spreading; lobes oblong or
obovate, emarginate or retuse, } in. long; stamens just included ;
x2
308 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera:
anthers orange-coloured ; capsule oblong or ovoid-ellipsoidal, 4 in.
long. Buehnera pedunculata, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 84. Manulea
pedunculata, Pers. Syn. ii, 148. Lyperia pedunculata, Benth, in
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 379, and in DOC. Prodr.x. 360. L.
cuneata, Benth. ll. ec., 380, 361; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doeu-
mente, 121, 123, 200 partly, not 141. Chenostoma cuneatum,
Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491.
Sourn AFRICA: cultivated specimens !
Coast Recron, below 500 ft.: Bredasdorp Div.; near the mouth of Ratel
River, Schlechter, 9724! Bolus, 8581! Mier Kraal, Schlechter, 10509! Swel-
lendam Div.; Breede River, Rogers! Riversdale Div. ; between Kafferkuils
River and Zoetmelks River, Drége, 79260! near the Gauritz River, Drege,
7926b! Mossel Bay Div.; by the Little Brak River, Burchell, 6175! near
the sea-shore, Bolus, 8686! George Div. ; Zwart Valley, Pappe! Knysna Div. ;
Viugt Valley, Bolus, 2417! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadensberg, Ecklon §
Zeyher! Alexandria Div. ; Olifants Hoek, Pappe !
The original Buchnera pedunculata was founded on cultivated specimens of
what appears to have been afterwards called Lyperia cuneata from wil
specimens.
Under cultivation this plant attains much greater dimensions,
7F 104. 8. aspalathoides (Hiern); an undershrub, 1-2 ft. high,
‘much branched, erect; branches alternate, opposite or fasciculate,
divaricate, slender, woody and nearly glabrous below, leafy, some-
what glandular-puberulous and very slender towards the apex;
leaves fasciculate, sublinear, obtuse, slightly or scarcely narrowed
towards the sessile base, glabrous or nearly so, entire, rather thick,
ss in. long; flowers racemose and axillary, 1-1 in. long, lilac oF
deep purple ; racemes lax, several-flowered ; pedicels rather slender,
somewhat glandular, ;3—1 in. long; bracts like the leaves but rather
smaller; calyx glandular, ;},—} in. long in flower or rather longer 1m
fruit, deeply 5-lobed; segments lanceolate-linear, obtuse ; corolla-
tube subcylindrical, rather slender, somewhat dilated and curve
above, sprinkled with small stalked glands, 2 in. long; limb —
more or less spreading, about 3—% in. in diam.; lobes obovate, —
vo-} Im. long, rounded, entire or subretuse ; stamens ineluded ;
style glabrous, about ,’ in. long; eapsule ovoid or oblong, obsoletely
glandular, 3-1 in.long. Manulea microphylla, Thunb. Prodr. 100,
and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466, partly. Lyperia aspalathoides,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 381, and in DC. Prodr. *-
362. L. atropurpurea, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 127,
200, d, not a,b, c. Cheenostoma aspalathoides, Wettst. ex Duels ™
Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 491,
SourH AFRica: without locality, Zeyher, 1301! 1305! Masson! Thunberg/
Sparrman! : :
Coast Reeion, below 1000 ft.: Bredasdorp Div.; near Koude River,
Schlechter, 9580! Riversdale Div.; between the ‘Gauritz River and Great Vals —
River, Burchell, 6520! near Gauritz River Bridge, Galpin, 4384! Uniondale ©
Div.; near the Groot River in Lange Kloof, Burchell, 5011! hills near Avontuut
Bolus, 2418! Knysna Div. ; between Goukamma River and. the western em!
Sutera. | SCROPHULARIACE#: (Hiern). 309
Groene Vallei, Burchell, 5608! Uitenhage Div.; Grassrug, Ecklon ! Vanstadens
River, Drége. Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Ecklon ! :
Karanari Reeion: Orange River Colony ; Nieuwejaars Spruit, between the
Orange and Caledon Rivers, 4000-5000 ft., Zeyher !
105. S. tortuosa (Hiern); an undershrub, low, intricately
branched ; stems whitish or ashy, nearly glabrous; branches woody
or rigid, tortuous; branchlets opposite, alternate or subfasciculate,
rigid, slender, short, leafy and glandular-puberulous towards the
apex, older ones subspinescent; leaves fasciculate, cuneate-oblong or
linear-spathulate, obtuse, wedge-shaped to the sessile or subsessile
base, thick, rigid, minutely glandular-papillose, entire, crowded,
z'g-4 In. long ; flowers racemose, about 1-1 in. long; racemes lax,
few- or several-flowered, rather short; pedicels rather slender and
rigid, minutely or obsoletely glandular, 1-} in. long; calyx
glandular, deeply 5-lobed, 3,—j; in. long; corolla-tube subeylin-
drical, narrowly funnel-shaped above, nearly straight, somewhat
glandular outside, about 1-2 in. long; limb spreading ; lobes
obovate-rotund, entire, about as long as the calyx; stamens included.
Lyperia tortuosa, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 362.
CenrRat Rea@ion: Prince Albert Div.; by the Gamka River, Burke, 144!
Zeyher, 1807 !
106. S. densifolia (Hiern) ; shrubby, low, branched; stems or
branches decumbent, rigid, pallid, glabrous ; branchlets alternate,
Opposite or crowded, patent, erect or ascending, glandular-papillose,
densely leafy, slender, somewhat rigid, 1-2 in. long; leaves fascicu-
late, oval-oblong, rounded, scarcely or but little narrowed at the
base, entire, revolute at the margin, rather thick or fleshy, minutely
sessile-glandular, sessile, ;!;—7 in. long, #5—as in. broad; flowers
axillary and subterminal, about 1 in. long, several; peduncles
glandular-puberulous, 4-1 in. long; calyx } in. long in flower,
s-s in. long in fruit, glandular-viseid, deeply 5-lobed ; segments
oblong or sublinear, obtuse ; corolla-tube somewhat glandular outside,
subcylindrical, rather slender, gradually and slightly dilated pai
a little curved above; lobes oval-oblong, }-+ in. long, br
style slender, minutely papillose,
glistening with small sessile
emarginate; stamens included ;
about 2 in. long ; capsule ovoid-conical,
glands, 2 in, long.
Coast Rucion : Bathurst Div. ; on a dry hill-side above River Bank, near
Port Alfred, 100 ft., Galpin, 2932 !
107. S. microphylla (Hiern - an undershrub, perennial or some-
times annual, Aa i high or Nee stem decumbent or suberect,
closely and intricately branched, ashy, glabrous below ;_ branches
alternate, crowded , quadrifarious or subfasciculate ; branchlets
slender, wiry, glandular-puberulous, leafy, quadrangular; leaves
fasciculate with abbreviated axillary leafy shoots, ovate-oblong,
310 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sutera.
obtuse, sessile or subsessile, entire, thick, glabrous, shining,
5 in. long, those on the younger branchlets quadrifariously im-
bricate ; flowers axillary, few or several, 1-1 in. long; peduneles —
near the top of the branchlets, scarcely or rather slender, {-}
in. long, glandular, 1-flowered; calyx glandular, deeply 5-lobed,
s-} in. long; segments sublinear, rather thick, obtusely pointed ;
corolla-tube subcylindrical, somewhat ventricose near the top, nearly
straight, glandular-puberulous outside, 2 in. long; limb spreading,
+2 in. in diam. ; lobes broadly obovate, 1—1 in. long, entire ; stamens
included ; capsules ovoid, somewhat glandular-squamulose, {—j 1.
long. Manulea microphylla, Linn. f. Suppl. 285; Linn. herb. ;
Thunb. Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466, and herb., partly.
Lyperia microphylla, Benth, in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 381, and
in DC. Prodr. x. 362; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835. Chenostoma
microphyllum, Wettst. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 489, and m
Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 38, 68, fig. 314.
or Arrica: without locality; Thunberg! Oldenburg, 809! Paterson,
2147!
Coast Recion, below 1000 ft.: Riversdale Div.; near Milkwood Fontein,
Galpin, 4385! Uitenhage Div.; hills near the Sunday River, Drége, 31160!
Grassrug, near Uitenhage, MacOwan, 2050! Baur, 1015! near the Zwartkops
and Koega Rivers, Zeyher, 89! 3514! Krauss, 1608. Port Elizabeth Div. ; hills —
near Port Elizabeth, Bolus, 1891! 9182! and in Herb. Norm., 1331! Albany
Div. ; near Grahamstown, Burke ! ,
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; near the mouth of the Orange
River, below 600 ft., Drege, 31160!
Imperfectly known Species.
108. S. natalensis (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 467) ; annual; —
stem branched at the base, hispidulous; leaves opposite, ovate,
shortly petiolate, unequally incise-dentate, nearly glabrous above,
somewhat pilose beneath and on the margin; the lower approximate, —
the upper distant ; flowers arranged in compound racemes ; pedicels
solitary, about as long as the calyx ; lower bracts lanceolate, incise-
dentate, rather distant, upper linear, quite entire, approximate.
Chenostoma natalense, Bernhardi ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835;
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 357.
EASTERN RecGion: Natal; in woods around Durban Bay, Krauss.
109 Lyperia tennifolia (Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 835) 5
shrubby, glabrous ; leaves crowded, linear, short, tender, trifid at the
apex, otherwise quite entire, quasi-fasciculate with abbreviated —
seid a moe peduncles elongated. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. ae
at Rx@ion: George Diy.; in sandy places near Zwart Valley, aati:
I have not seen the type specimen ; it perhaps belongs to S. peduneulata.
SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern), 311
XXIII. PHYLLOPODIUM, Benth.
Calyx oblong or oval, 5-cleft or deeply 5-lobed, membranous or
above thinly herbaceous, persistent; lobes equal or nearly so
Corolla tubular, thin, marcescent; tube subcylindrieal, somewhat
dilated about the top, more or less exceeding the calyx; limb
spreading, 5-lobed, sometimes oblique; lobes not very unequal
rounded, entire or retuse, shorter than the tube, the two posterior
exterior. Stamens didynamous, glabrous; filaments filiform
inserted on the corolla-tube; anthers all alike, rounded, usually
exserted, l-celled by confluence of the cells. Ovary 1-celled
glabrous ; style filiform, exserted, narrowly clavate towards the
obtuse entire stigmatie apex ; ovules numerous or few in the cells.
Capsule ovoid, oblong or subglobose, somewhat compressed, obtuse,
toughly membranous, septicidal; valves bifid. Seeds few or
numerous, irregularly pyramidal-polyhedral ; testa blackish or pallid
membranous.
Annual, occasionally suffruticose herbs, more or less viscid-pilose, sometimes
turning dusky when dried ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate; flowers small
. moderate in size, mostly spicate ; bracts 1, basal, more or less leaf-like, adnate
elow to the calyx or short pedicel ; spikes terminal, simple.
DistRiB. Species 18, endemic.
* Annual herbs, not usually suffruticose :
Corolla-tube about twice as long asthe calyx ... (1) cuneifolium,
Corolla-tube about as long as the calyx or not
much longer :
Corolla-lobes about } in. long sow ces (2) Auge.
Corolla-lobes 54-5 in. long:
Bract obovate or oblanceolate, dentate or
denticulate :
Puberulous: calyx-segments linear-
lanceolate, acute ... ; ... (8) bracteatum.
Viscid-puberulous ; calyx-segments
linear-spathulate, obtuse... e
Bract ovate or oblong, entire or that of
the outer flowers few-toothed :
Calyx and bract subglabrous or
ciliolate :
Leaves dentate, 1-1} in. long (5) diffusum.
Leaves entire or nearly s0
j:-} in. long : .. (6) calvum.
Calyx and bract more or less hairy
on the back :
Plant 1}-12 in. high : flowers
zis in. long: :
Leaves numerous, linear
or oblanceolate : sea
Leaves less numerous,
mestly ovate, obovate
or oblong:
Leaves dentate ; flow- i
ers orange-yellow... (8) capitatum.
Leaves nearly entire
or with few small
teeth :
(4) sordidum.
(7) multifolium.
312 soropHuLariacem® (Hiern). [-Phyllopodiwm-
Flowers purplish :
Flowers
about tin.
long ... (9) heterophyllum.
Flowers
x a n,
long ... (10) pumilum,
Flowers _ pallid,
tin.long ... (11) rupestre.
Plant 3-? in. high; flowers riz
about+in.long... ... (12) minimum.
** Suffruticose or perennial :
Flowers 3-3 in. long or smaller ; bract ’5-} in.
long: oe
Viscid-pubescent ; leaves strongly toothed : ‘
Flowers 1-2 in. long... a ... (18) glutinosum.
Flowers about ~}, in. long vase (14) Sehlechteri.
Puberulous or pilose ; leaves nearly entire or
few-toothed :
Calyx finely pilose, about } in. long .,. (15) alpinum.
Calyx glabrous or ciliolate, 3-7, in.
long :
Leaves mostly opposite or ternate ;
decumbent ee 58) ... (16) Rudolphi.
Leaves quasi-fasciculate, fascicules
mostly alternate ; erect or ascend- os
ing... oF ae ... (17) Bauru.
Flowers 3-3 in. long ; bract 1-1 in. long ... (18) krebsianum.
YY 1. P. euneifolium (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 378) 5
an annual herb, erect or ascending, branched or nearly simple,
3-12 in. high, rigid and sometimes almost shrubby below, clothed —
above with short thick dense whitish hairs, with the habit of a
Selago ; stem flexuous-erect or more or less procumbent ; branches
opposite, patent or erect-patent, leafy ; leaves opposite, ovate, ov:
or elliptical, obtuse or shortly pointed, subtruncate or more OF less
wedge-shaped at the base sometimes abruptly so, firmly herbaceors
grey-green especially beneath, glabrescent or sparingly hispidulous
beneath, dentate, 1-11 in. long, 1-1 in. broad; petioles up to y 12.
long, hispidulous; flowers subspicate, pale purple, 4 in. long;
spikes dense above, laxer below, short. or oblong, in fruit elongated,
$-4 in. long or even more, about 1 in. broad in flower, narrower 12
fruit ; bract about + in. long, oblong, entire, obtuse, straight, often
ciliolate below, minutely glandular-papillose on the back, a
below to the ealyx; calyx oblong, 5-cleft about half-way down,
15 in. long ; lobes lanceolate-linear, obtuse, equal, sparingly ciliolate ;
corolla glabrous; tube 1 in. long; limb somewhat spreading ; lobes
zs-1s in. long, rounded at the apex, entire ; stamens exserted 5 atyle
longer than the filaments; capsule oval-oblong, }; in. long; )
several. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 352. Manulea cuneifolia, Linn. f- e
Suppl. 285; Thunb. Prodr, 101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 468.
P. diffusum, Drége in Linnea, xx. 198, not of Benth.
Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! 4 the <
Coast Region, ascending from 20 to 1000 ft.: Uitenhage Div. ; neat ©”
Phyllopodium.| scROPHULARIACER (Hiern). 313
Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 1284! Addo, Ecklon! Algoa Bay, Forbes, 11! Port
Elizabeth Div.*; near Port Elizabeth, Bolus, 2285! Zeyher, 34971! West in
MacOwan Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1931! Alexandria Div.; Quagga Flats, Ecklon!
Zeyher, 743!. Bathurst Div. ; Eastern Frontier and Kowie sand hills, MacOwan,
425! 425*! Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort, Hutton ! Round Hill, Bolus, 7900!
Komgha Div.; near the mouth of the Kei River, Flanagan, 95! East London
Div. ; on the sea-coast at East London, Galpin, 1842!
2. P. Augei (Hiern) ; an erect herb, annual, dull, nearly glabrous,
slightly glandular-puberulous, 4 in. high; branches subdivaricate,
erect-patent, moderately leafy ; leaves radical and eauline, opposite
or the uppermost alternate, spathulate or narrowly elliptical, obtusely
narrowed or the uppermost subacute, wedge-shaped at the base,
the uppermost subsessile, dentate, 2-1 in. long, 3-1 in. broad ;
petioles up to 1 in. long or rather more; flowers numerous, capitate-
racemose, about 1 in. long; pedicels ~, in. long or less, attenuate,
bracteate at the base; bracts dentate, }—% in. long, like the smaller
leaves, adhering near the base to the pedicels; heads about } in.
long in flower, in fruit nearly 2 in. long; calyx +} in. long, deeply
5-lobed; segments linear, obtuse, glandular-puberulous, erect in
flower, rather longer and spreading towards the tips in fruit; corolla-
tube rather slender, about 55; in. long, glandular-pulverulent outside ;
limb spreading, about 2 in. in diam. ; lobes broadly oval, about ; in.
long, rounded at the apex, entire; mouth glabrous; one pair of
anthers appearing at the mouth, the other included ; style exserted ;
capsule ovoid, glabrous, 1 in. long, shorter than the calyx.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Auge (Nelson) !
3. P. bracteatum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 373);
an annual herb, erect or procumbent, diffusely branched, wiry,
puberulous ; stems 5-18 in. high or long; branches opposite or the
upper alternate, divaricate, leafy ; leaves opposite or the upper alter-
nate, oval or obovate, obtuse or nearly rounded, more or less wedge-
shaped at the base, dentate, glabrous or nearly so, minutely scaly-
papillose beneath, 1—2 in. long, 13 in, broad; petioles uF po pans
> in. long, glabrous or ciliolate ; flowers subspicate, about + in. long,
White, with an orange spot in the throat; spikes many- or several-
flowered, subhemispherical or in fruit oblong, dense above, rather
lax below, interrupted in fruit, 3-2 in. long, §—5 1D- broad ; fae
obovate, leafy, denticulate, obtuse, 1} in. long, the narrowed =
part adnate to the calyx, ciliolate below; calyx deeply - it,
5 in, long ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, ciliate ; corolla-tube in
ower scarcely equalling the calyx, about 7 in. long, marcescent,
thrust a ]i . it; lobes obovate, rounded at the
a little upwards in young frui ortly 3 uk iy
apex, =\;—1, in. long ; stamens didynamous,
Bsa g
shortly exserted ; capsule ovoid-oblong, 3—} in. long. Benth. in
C. Prodr. x. 353. j
Coast Recion: George Div. ; George, Schlechter, 2351! Humansdorp Div. ;
; . $ f Addo
Without precise ] Jive lus, 2411! Uitenhage Div. ; in the forests oO
Drege, 79054 I Enon, Drage, 79056! banks of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher,
314 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Phyllopodium. |
970! near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4250! Zeyher, 3498! Albany Div.; Blue
Krantz, Burchell, 3634! near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 659! Bathurst Div. ;
near Theopolis, Burchell, 4089! near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3812!
Eastern ReGion, 150 to 500 ft.: Natal; Mount Moreland, Wood, 1388!
Berea, near Durban, 150 ft., Wood, 5000! and without precise locality,
McKen, 14!
4. P. sordidum (Hiern) ; a viscid-puberulous herb, annual, sordid-
eanescent, branched and leafy at the base; branches decumbent,
3-6 in, long, sinuous, not slender, moderately leafy; leaves obovate
or oblanceolate, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, dentate, the lower
crowded, opposite, *-]1 in. long, about 4 in. broad, on_ petioles
4-1 in. long, the upper opposite or alternate, smaller and on shorter
petioles ; flowers about 1—1 in. long, in -dense terminal racemes;
racemes subhemispherical or subglobose, 1—% in. in diam. ; pedicels
weak, viscid-pubescent, up to 2 in. long, the upper shorter ; bract
like but smaller than the leaves, dentate, 1—1 in. long, adhering to
the lower part of the pedicel ; calyx about + in. long, viscid-pubes-
cent, deeply 5-lobed; segments linear-spathulate, obtuse; eorolla-
tube about 1—1 in. long, narrowly subeylindrical, slightly curved
towards the funnel-shaped apex, glandular-papillose outside, glabrous
inside, a little dilated at the naked throat ; lobes rounded, about
zz in. broad; stamens glabrous, upper pair just exserted, the lower
inserted a little above the middle of the corolla-tube and just
included ; filaments ~,-,; in. long; anthers 1-celled, the upper
roundish, about 4; in. in diam., the lower oval, about 7; in. long ;
style glabrous below, filiform, exserted, including the small conical
ovary about 4 in. long; ovules numerous, very small.
Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; neighbourhood of Hopefield, Bach-
mann, 52!
5. P. diffusum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 373); a
annual herb, ereet, procumbent or ascending, diffusely or intricately
branched, rather slender, wiry, puberulous or subpubescent ; stems
4-12 in. long; branches opposite or the upper alternate, divaricate,
leafy except at the apex; leaves opposite or the upper alternate,
ovate, elliptical, oblanceolate or the uppermost sublinear, obtusely
narrowed, wedge-shaped or attenuate towards the base, petiolate or
the upper subsessile, dentate, subglabrous, 1-12 in. long, #-3 ™
broad ; petioles up to # in. long; flowers subspicate, 1—} in. long;
white with an orange spot on the throat above; spikes or racemes
many-flowered, dense above, below lax and interrupted at least im
fruit, hemispherical or hemispheroidal in flower, oblong in fruit,
4-5 in. long, 4-2 in. broad ; pedicels in fruit up to 3 in. long ;
bracts linear-oblong or oval-oblong, obtuse, entire or the outer few-
toothed, subglabrous or shortly ciliate, adhering at the base to the
ealyx, 1-1 in. long ; calyx about zo in. long, 5-cleft about half-
way down or rather deeper; lobes oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, cilio-
late ; corolla glabrous; tube equalling or shortly exceeding the calyx;
lobes ;';—;; in. long; stamens shortly exserted; style exserted;
Phyllopodium.| scropHunartacem (Hiern). 315
capsule oval-oblong, 1-1 in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x.
353,
SourH AFrica : without locality, Wright, 595!
Coast Reaion : Swellendam Div.; Ecklon! George Div.; Kaymans River,
Burchell, 5802! Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Ecklon §° Zeyher!
near Uitenhage, Schlechter, 2511! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 100!
291! King Williamstown Div. ; around King Williamstown, Tyson in MacOwan
§ Bolus, Herb. Norm., 846! East London Div.; near East London, Scott Elliot,
1022!
6. P. calvyum (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, branched and
leafy at the base, sparingly so above, minutely glandular, 2-3: in.
high, drying brown ; stems slender, erect or nearly so ; lower leaves
subrosulate, obovate or oblanceolate, rounded or very obtuse, attenuate
at the base, entire or nearly so, ;;—} in. long, j,-} in. broad ;
petioles up to 2 in. long, slender; upper leaves few, opposite or
alternate, narrowly oblanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, somewhat
narrowed towards the sessile or subsessile base, ;*,—} in. long, entire
or with a few small teeth; flowers capitate, 1-1 in. long; spikes
hemispherical or in fruit oblong, 5-11-flowered, dense or in fruit
rather lax below, 1-1 in. long, 1-8 in. broad, erect ; bract oblong-
lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, sessile, adhering to the very short
pedicel and to the bottom of the calyx, minutely glandular, entire,
yo-s in. long; calyx 75 in.\long, deeply 5-eleft, glandular ; lobes
sublinear, rather pointed ; corolla glabrous ; tube } in. long, pallid ;
limb purplish ?; lobes oval-oblong, rounded at the apex, entire,
unequal, =, in. long; throat orange-yellow on one side;
copa shortly exserted; anthers rounded, all alike ; capsule ;'; in.
ong.
Kananart Rea@ion: Transvaal; highlands at Brug Spruit, between Middel-
burg and Pretoria, about 4500 ft., Bolus, 7674 !
7. P. multifolium (Hiern); an annual herb, erect or ascending,
viscid-pilose, 4-10 in. high; stem rigid, rather slender, dull-
purplish, leafy; branches ascending, slender, moderately leafy ;
leaves opposite or quasi-fasiculate with abbreviated axillary leafy
shoots, or the upper alternate, linear or the lower oblanceolate,
obtuse, a little narrowed towards the base, sessile or the lower sub-
petiolate, sparingly toothed or entire, +4>—% in. long, 3'5—°5 1. ats ;
flowers capitate, sessile or subsessile, + in. long ; spikes hemispherica
or oblong, dense or in fruit rather lax at the base, ae ands ary
+-$ in. long, about 4 in. broad; bracts linear, obtusely aes ;
viscid-pilose, adnate below to the ealyx, } in. long ; calyx } ot a
deeply 5-cleft, viscid-pilose; lobes rather obtusely pag ate ;
corolla glabrous; tube 2 in. long; lobes oval-oblong, rounde , some-
What unequal, 1, in. long; throat somewhat bearded; stamens
more or less éxnotted ; anthers roundly oval, all alike; style rather
longer than the corolla-tube; ovary. emarginate ; capsule ;'; in.
long, :
316 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). | Phyllopodiwm.
Coast Recton: George Div.; in Montagu Pass, 1200 ft., Young in Herb.
Bolus, 5527 !
8. P. capitatum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 373);
an annual herb, erect or spreading, almost shrubby at the base,
branched or simple, 13-7 in. high, pubescent with rather thick
whitish hairs; lower branches opposite, procumbent, the upper
alternate, flexuous-erect or ascending; leaves opposite or the upper
alternate or quasi-fasciculate with abbreviated axillary shoots, ovate-
lanceolate, elliptical or oblanceolate, obtuse, more or less narrowed
towards the base, dentate, petiolate or the upper sessile, about
3-1 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, the upper smaller ; petioles up to } m.
long; flowers about 2+ in. long; spikes densely many-flowered,
short in flower, oblong in fruit, 3-2 in. long, 1—2 in. broad ; bracts
ovate-oblong, very obtuse, puberulous on the back, adnate below to
the calyx, 1—1 in. long, lowest ones sheathing the young flower-head ;
calyx about 1 in, long, pubescent, deeply 5-lobed; corolla orange-
yellow, glabrous ; tube not much exceeding the calyx; limb spread-
ing, subbilabiate, 5-lobed ; lobes oval-oblong, rounded, entire, rather
shorter than the tube, not very unequal, the two posterior shortly
connate ; stamens exserted; filaments nodding at the apex; style
exserted ; capsule oval-oblong, about 3, in. long; seeds numerous.
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 352. Manulea
capitata, Linn. f. Suppl. 286 ; Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 469. Selago cordata, Thunb. Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 464; not of E. Meyer.
Sout Arrica: without locality, Forster ! Masson !
Coast Ree@ion, below 500 ft.: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Thunberg !
near Groene Kloof (Mamre), Bolus, 4314! near Hopefield, Bachmann ! Cape
Div.: Wynberg, Drége, 363a! hills about Capetown, Ecklon and Zeyher!
Mund! Krauss, 1123, Bolus, 2799 partly ! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Port Elizabeth, —
Wilms, 2455 ! hr
_ _ Selago cordata, Thunb. (not of E. Meyer), has been referred by Rolfe, in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xx. 354, 358, to P. heterophyllum, Benth., but the specimens in
Herb. Kew., which he matched with Thunberg’s specimen, seem rather to belong
sedi dd and one of them constitutes part of Bentham’s type of that
ies,
9. P. heterophyllum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 373);
an annual herb, erect or procumbent, rather slender or wiry, simple
or branched chiefly at or near the base, leafy below, whitish
pubescent, 13-12 in. long; branches opposite, procumbent o
ascending; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, ovate o
lanceolate or the uppermost sublinear, obtuse or pointed, obtusely
narrowed or wedge-shaped at the base, the upper sessile, subentire —
or sparingly toothed, —¢ in. long, 4,-% in. broad ; petioles up to
= In. long; flowers about 2 in. long, sessile or subsessile, purplish
spikes many or several-flowered, dense at least above, subhe
spherical in flower, oblong and sometimes interrupted below in:
o~s in. long, 3-2 in. broad ; bract lanceolate-oblong or oval, obtuse,
adnate below to the calyx and very short pedicel, 3-1 in. long,
1
8
Phyllopodium.] — scrornutartacem (Hiern), 317
hairy on the back and margin; calyx oblong, 5-cleft about half-way
down, about 2 in. long; lobes hairy on the back and margin,
laneeolate ; corolla glabrous; tube searcely as long as the calyx ;
lobes oval or ovate, short ; stamens exserted ; style shortly exserted ;
capsule ovoid-oblong, 3-3 in. long; seeds black, wrinkled, ., in.
long. Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 352. Manulea heterophylla, Linn. f.
Suppl. 285; Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 469.
Sourn AFRica: without locality; Masson! Oldenburg, 449! 854! Auge
(Nelson)!
Coast ReEaion, ascending to 2,500 ft.: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; sand-hills at
Ebenezer, Drege, 363)! Clanwilliam Div.; Blauw Berg, Schlechter, 8445! near
Alexanders Hoek, Schlechter, 5148! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquiniers Kloof,
Schlechter, 10747! Malmesbury Div.; sandy parts of Zwartland, Thunberg!
near Groenekloof (Mamre), Bolus, 4815! Cape Div. ; Simons Bay, Wright, 594!
various places around Cape Town, Ecklon! Harvey, 433! 512! Wolley Dod,
142! 1582! 143! Bolus, 2799! Wilms, 3550! Rehmann, 815! 816!
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Karoechas, near Stein-
ine 3000 ft., Schlechter, 11396 ! Zabies, Little Namaqualand, Max Schlechter,
In Schlechter, 5148 ! the dried flowers appear purplish.
Zeyher, 3496! from the River Zondereinde (Caledon or Swellendam Div.)
belongs to this or an allied species.
10. P. pumilum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 373); an
annual herb, erect or spreading-erect, slender, simple or branched
especially about the base, leafy usually at the base only, whitish-
puberulous, 2—4 in. high; branches opposite or the upper alternate,
diffuse, procumbent or ascending; leaves opposite or the upper
alternate, obovate, oblong or oblanceolate or the uppermost sublinear,
obtuse or rounded, wedge-shaped at the base, petiolate or the upper
Sessile, entire or subdenticulate, jj—-} in. long, j—-} in. broad ;
petioles up to % in. long, slender; flowers about 7;-7'5 in. long,
Sessile or subsessile ; spikes several- or few-flowered, subhemispherical
or in fruit hemispheroidal, dense, 35-3 in. long, j-3 in. broad ;
bract oblong or oval, very obtuse, sessile, adnate at the base to the
calyx, 1, in. long, papillose-puberulous on the back, eiliolate ;
calyx deeply 5-eleft, =+,—)5 in. long ; lobes oblong-linear, subobtuse,
ciliolate ; corolla purple, nearly glabrous ; tube about =); in. long or
a little more; limb short; stamens exserted ; style longer than the
corolla-tube ; capsule oval-oblong, glabrous, ;';—y'5 in. long ; seeds
Several,
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Packhuis Berg, 2500 ft., Schlechter,
8619! Clanwilliam, 350 ft., Schlechter, 5059 ! 5
usteRN RegroN, below 1000 ft, Little Namaqualand ; near Groene, River,
Drége, 363c! near Eleven Mile Station, Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., !
urn. Bot. 1908, 365) ; an annual herb,
3 in. high, branched chietly near the
slender, subterete, decumbent or
sparingly branched
branchlets mostly
11. P. rupestre (Hiern in Jo
Weak, viscid puberulous, about
Stound ; branches numerous,
ascending, 2-4 in. long, leafy at the bottom,
above; middle internodes comparatively long ;
318 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Phyllopodiwm.
alternate, leafy below; leaves opposite or the upper alternate,
elliptical, ovate or broadly obovate, obtuse or obtusely narrowed,
wedge-shaped at the base, repand or subentire, {—} in. long, 73-4 ™.
broad, glandular-pilose and herbaceous-green on both faces ; petioles
i in. long; flowers about + in. long, alternate, 2-5 together in
numerous short terminal not capitate clusters; pedicels bracteate,
very short; bract elliptical, petiolate, leaf-like, adhering to the
pedicel or to the base of the calyx, about equalling or exceeding the
flower ; calyx deeply 5-lobed, ;1, in. long, scarcely bilabiate, minately
viscid-pilose outside ; segments lanceolate, aeute, scarious along the
margin; corolla minutely glandular, marcescent, scarcely bilabiate ;
tube cylindrical, + in. long, 2; in. in diam., slightly dilated and on
one side orange-coloured towaids the apex, otherwise pallid ; limb
patent, 5-lobed, ~,—} in. in diam. ; lobes ovate or oblong, go-z 12
long, pallid ; stamens glabrous or very minutely glandular ; anthers
small, rounded, 1-celled by confluence, one pair subexserted, the
other subincluded ; filaments filiform, short, inserted on the upper
part of the corolla-tube; style filiform, very minutely glandular,
subexserted ; capsule ovoid, slightly compressed, glabrous, toughly
membranous, pallid, septicidal, ~,—3, in. long; valves 2, bifid ;
placentas narrowly oblong, ,1,—;); in. long ; seeds minute, numerous,
oval, black, glabrous.
ho a J
KataHart Region: Transvaal; among rocks on the north side of Bezuiden-
houts Valley, near Johannesburg, Rand, 1326!
12. P. minimum (Hiern); a dwarf herb, annual, erect, hispid-
pubescent with short whitish spreading hairs, simple or somewhat
branched at the base, 1% in. high; root slender, 1-2 in. deep, with
very slender fibres; stem and branches leafy ; leaves oval, rounded,
wedge-shaped at the shortly petiolate or alternate base, 1-2 in. long,
z'5-} in. broad, hispidulous or glabrous, entire, opposite or the upper
alternate ; flowers several, 1 in. long, sessile or subsessile, in small
subcapitate terminal bracteate spikes ; bract ovate, obtuse, 4-4 In.
long, entire, each inserted on or adherent to the lower part of the
calyx and shortly exceeding it; ealyx pallid, tubular, oblong, thin,
shortly and about equally 5-cleft, 1} in. long, hispid outside,
zo in. broad; teeth lanceolate, about 5 in. long; corolla-tube
$ in. long, narrow, minutely puberulous outside ; limb spreading,
nearly ;*, in. in diam., apparently purplish, 5-cleft ; lobes rounded,
somewhat unequal; stamens inserted at or near the top of the
corolla-tube, glabrous, two of them just exserted, the other tw0
shortly ineluded ; filaments short ; style glabrous, shortly exserted.
Centra Region : Calvinia Diy. ; Hantam, Meyer!
13. P. glutinosum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 220);
wiry herb, perhaps perennial, suffruticose, glutinous-pubescent, mueh
branched ; branchlets terete, rather slender, leafy, procumbent of
ascending, yellowish-green when dried, 3-7 in. long ; leaves opposite —
Phyllopodium.| scropHuLariace® (Hiern). 319
or the uppermost alternate, those on the horizontal branches vertical,
elliptical or somewhat obovate or ovate, obtusely narrowed, more or
less wedge-shaped at the sessile or subsessile base, strongly dentate,
firmly herbaceous, yellowish- or dusky-green when dried, 1—2 in. long,
10-7 In. broad; bract leafy, oval-oblong, obtuse, 1-1 in. long,
ié-rz in. broad, viscid-pubescent on both faces, sessile, adhering to
the lower part of the calyx, entire; spikes terminal, cylindrieal,
dense above, laxer below, many-flowered, 1-14 in. long; flowers
ss in. long, subsessile or sessile; calyx eampanulate-oblong,
Somewhat compressed, 1 in. long, deeply 5-lobed; lobes linear- or
lanceolate-subulate ; corolla nearly glabrous ; tube about + in. long,
rather slender, somewhat dilated towards each end, often bent above
the calyx ; limb spreading ; lobes obovate-rotund, entire, ;1,—;'5 in.
long; stamens glabrous, longer pair shortly exserted, shorter pair
shortly ineluded ; filaments filiform, inserted on the upper part of
the corolla-tube ; anthers all alike, subreniform, 1-celled ; style
filiform, glabrous, exserted; capsule ovoid-oblong, glabrous, 4-2 in.
long, somewhat compressed ; seeds numerous.
Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; on the top of Matroos Berg, about 6000 ft.,
Marloth, 2216 !
Katauari Region: Transvaal ; Lydenburg, Wilms, 1060!
14, P. Schlechteri (Hiern); a suffruticose herb, branched from
the base ; stem perhaps 9 in. long, erect ?; branches opposite or the
upper alternate, divaricate, rambling, interlacing, slender, wiry,
viscid-pilose, moderately leafy ; leaves opposite or alternate, occa-
sionally with abbreviated leafy shoots in their axils, ovate or elliptical,
obtuse, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, submembranous,
glandular-papillose, incise-dentate, shortly petiolate or subsessile,
Yz-3 in. long, ;4-1 in. broad; teeth ovate, obtusely pointed or
rounded ; petioles : up to + in. long; fruiting calyx persistent,
5-partite ; segments glandular-pilose, sublinear or subulate, } in. long ;
bract oblong, spathulate or sublinear, ;—} in. long, glandular-pilose,
adnate at the base to the very short pedicel ; flowering calyx ;'; In.
long, viscid-pilose, subsessile ; basal bract ;'5 in. long ; corolla-tube
yo In. long ; capsules approximate, 2 or 3 or few together at the
apex of the branch or branchlet, subsessile or very shortly stalked,
7 in. long, glabrous; seeds about ~y in. long ; testa pallid.
Cenrrat Region: Ceres Div.; rocky places near Sand River, in the Cold
kkeveld, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 10113!
15. P. alpinum (N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 128); an
annual herb, dwarf, suffruticose, erect or depressed, $—1} in. high,
branched below, puberulous; branches wiry, decumbent or ascen ing,
1-2 in. long, densely leafy ; leaves opposite or scattered, often secund,
oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed towards the base, sessile or subsessile,
tm, subglabrous or pilose, minutely glandular, subentire or few-
toothed, $-} in. long, 3;—)5 in. broad ; flowers sessile or subsessile,
1 : S016 a1 in i
> In. long; spikes hemispherical, many-flowered, dense, 5—} In. In
320 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [Phyllopodium.
diam.; bract oblong, very obtuse, adhering below to the calyx,
purplish ?, 2 in, long, pilose ; calyx deeply 5-lobed, + in. long ; lobes
linear-oblong, obtuse, pilose; corolla pale pink, two upper lobes
white with a round orange spot; tube about + in. long; throat
slightly pilose ; lobes rounded, entire, ;*; in. long ; stamens glabrous;
filaments filiform, inserted about the base of the corolla-throat ;
anthers -4, in. long, one pair shortly exserted, the other appearing at
the throat of the corolla; style filiform, shortly exserted ; ovules
4 or 5 in each cell.
Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; summit of Genadendal Mountain, 5000 ft.
Galpin, 4407 !
16. P. Rudolphi (Hiern); a suffruticose herb, annual, depressed,
decumbent, branched in many directions at the crown of the root;
central stem very short, erect ; branches horizontal, shortly ascending
only at the inflorescence, wiry, densely leafy, puberulous chiefly
along opposite and decussate longitudinal lines, 1-5 in. long ; leaves
opposite or ternate or the upper alternate, obovate-oblong, obtuse,
somewhat narrowed towards the base, sessile or shortly petiolate,
few-toothed or nearly entire, firm, densely ciliolate, otherwise nearly
glabrous, 1—2 in. long, ~;-1 in. broad; spikes terminal, minutely
glandular, hemispherical or oblong, dense, many-flowered, {— 1)
long, 1—1 in. broad ; flowers sessile or subsessile, 1 in. long, glabrous ;
bract oblanceolate-oblong, 4 in. long, obtusely narrowed at the
apex, adnate at the base to the ealyx, obsoletely ciliolate ; calyx
zz in. long, deeply 5-lobed, glabrous ; lobes lanceolate-linear, obtuse ;
corolla-tube } in. long; stamens shortly exserted ; style as long a
the corolla-tube ; ovules few.
Coast Re@ion: Ceres Div.; Skarfde Bergen, near Klyn Vley, 6000 ft.
Schlechter, 10205 !
17. P. Baurii (Hiern) ; a suffruticose herb, more than 8 in. high,
erect or ascending ; stem or branches subterete, pilose all round with
spreading whitish hairs, minutely glandular, very leafy, rather
slender and rigid, subvirgate ; leaves quasi-fasciculate with abbre-
viated axillary leafy shoots (the fascicles mostly alternate), oblanceo-
late, subacute or obtusely pointed, wedge-shaped at the base, sessile
_ or subsessile, firmly membranous, pilose along the margin and on the
midrib beneath or subglabrous, more or less dentate on the uppe?
half, 5-3 in. long, j,—2 in. broad ; flowers’ 3—2 in. long, few; racemes
terminal; pedicels about 4; in. long, pilose ; bract oblong, pointed, — a
minutely glandular on the back, 4 in. long, adnate below to the calyx-
tube ; calyx rather shortly 5-cleft, 2; in. long, glabrous except a
the ciliolate lobes; lobes lanceolate, subacute, about 25 in. longs
corolla pink, glabrous, very minutely glandular; tube } in. Jongs
limb 33; in. broad ; lobes obovate-rotund, entire or minutely creme
late-repand, ,,-;'; in. long; one pair of stamens exserted, the other
just included; ovary oval-oblong, glabrous, j in. long; ovules —
several, i
Phyllopodiwm.| — scropuu.artace® (Hiern). 321
Eastern ReGion: Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, 3500 ft., Bawr, 808!
18. P. krebsianum (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 353) ; a suffruticose
herb, possibly annual, erect, branched from the base, 1-2 ft. high;
branches hard or wiry, pale purplish, leafy, subglabrous, marked with
opposite elevated puberulous lines along each internode; leaves
opposite and decussate or occasionally ternate, lanceolate or oval-
oblong, acute or obtuse, somewhat narrowed towards the decurrent
base, nearly glabrous, subeiliolate near the base, sessile, firm, serru-
late, 1-11 in, long, 1-1 in. broad, 3—1-nerved ; flowers subspicate,
4
whitish-pink, about 3-1 in. long; spikes several-flowered, dense,
3—l} in. long, 1—% in, broad ; braet leafy, adnate to the very short
pedicel, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, serrulate or incise-dentate,
tz in. long; calyx 3-1 in. long, 5-cleft half-way down ; lobes oval-
oblong, obtuse, entire, ciliolate, erect; corolla-tube whitish ?, }-2
in. long, glabrous outside, nearly straight; throat orange-yellow !,
pubescent ; limb somewhat obliquely spreading, purplish?; lobes
rounded or obtuse, about 1—} in. long; stamens glabrous ; filaments
filiform, inserted about the base of the corolla-throat ; anthers oblong,
ta I. long, one pair shortly exserted, the other at the mouth of the
corolla; style shortly exserted, filiform, entire at the slightly
thickened stigmatic apex; capsule oval-oblong, glabrous, about
1
3-4 in. long. Benth. in Hook. Ie. Pl. xi. 63, t. 1079.
Sour ArFrica: without locality, Krebs, 238 ! :
CextRat Reaion, between 3500 and 4500 ft.: Somerset Div. ; on the grassy
slopes of Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 1363! 1381! Cradock Div.; Hlands Berg,
— 249! Graaff Reinet Div.; Oude Berg, near Graaff Reinet, Bolus,
5!
XXIV. POLYCARENA, Benth.
Calyx oblong or campanulate or in fruit subhemispherieal, bilabiate,
bifid or in fruit bipartite, 5-toothed, membranous, persistent ;
anterior lip bidentate ; posterior lip tridentate. Corolla tubular, thin 2
marcescent ; tube subcylindrical or campanulate, a little dilate:
about the apex, exceeding the calyx or nearly included ; limb more
or legs spreading, 5-lobed ; lobes not very unequal, or the cons
posterior (exterior) connate high up, entire, usually shorter wee e
tube. Stamens didynamous, glabrous ; filaments filiform, inserted on
the corolla-tube; anthers all alike, rounded, usually exserted,
1-celled by confluence. Ovary 2-celled, glabrous ; style pain st
long as or longer than the corolla-tube, narrowly clavate towards oe
obtuse stigmatic apex; ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid or Se.
globose, somewhat compressed, obtuse, toughly membranous, ae i
cidal, bursting the calyx ; valves bifid. Seeds numerous or several,
small, irregularly pyramidal-polyhedral.
Annual or rarely perennial herbs, small, occasionally — aig yaaa
Deere. OF: clans viscid-pilose, scarcely turning black when dry tS eteatae ;
Opposite or crowded, upper alternate or opposite, sometimes — One maces i
flowers small, mostly spicate, unibracteate at the base ; bracts “TRC,
less adnate below to the calyx and short pedicel ; spikes terminal.
§
VOL, TY,—SECT, II.
322 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Polycarena,
DistRis. Species 21, one of which extends into Tropical Africa, the others
endemic.
P. intertexta, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
352, is Selago decwmbens, Thunb.
Polycarena, 8134, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
i. 372 and in DO. Prodr. x.
Documente, 91, 212, stig -
Western Region, Little Namaqualand, between Silverfontein, Kooper Be
and Kaus, 2000-3000 ft. alt., is unknown to me.
* Flowers spicate or capitate, 2,-% in. long:
+ Corolla-tube longer than the calyx :
Flowers twice as long as the calyx or more,
3-2 in. long:
Calyx 3-3 in. eri corolla-tube about
3 in, long :
Calyx 3-4in. long ; ; corolla-tube 2 4-2 in.
long :
Flowers 3-2 in. long; bract 3-1
ong
Flowers 4-3 in. long : : bract 4-2 in.
long
Flowers less than twice as long as the calyx x
or less than } in. long:
Calyx pubescent :
(1) capensis.
—Lin,
(2) gilioides.
(3) silenoides.
Bract 4-1 in. long, Seperate
berulous ...
Bract 4 in. long, densely pubes-
cent ce
Calyx glabrous or ‘nearly 50:
(4) glaucescens.
(5) collina.
Flowers 3} in. long; bract linear,
$s in. long .
Pibwers 4 in. long; bract
+ in. long
77 Corolla-tabe about savaliing the calyx :
.. (6) Leipoldtii.
oval, 3
... (7) selaginoides.
Bract 54,-} in. long; corolla-tube 35-1} in.
long :
7
Flowering calyx about or nearly equal-
ling the bract :
Corolla-lobes 3-4 in. long ...
Corolla-lobes 4-4 in. long:
Decumbent, very leafy ..
Erect or ascending, moderately
leafy :
... (8) aurea.
.-. (9) foliosa.
Filaments dusky; corolla
" first blue, afterwards
osy aes
Filaments pallid ; corolla
yellow or white:
(10) discolor.
Flower-spikes dense :
Calyx 4-3 in. long,
Hates or glandular-
pilose :
Flowers th in
long ..
Calyx 3,—, in.
ag whet -spikes rather
3 calyx ——
zp in. long .
. (14) filiformis.
Polycarena.]} SCROPHULARIACEE (Hiern), 323
Flowering calyx falling short of the
bract :
Viscid-pilose ;
Leaves elliptical or oblong;
flowers 4-1 in. long; sta-
mens not exserted ... .. (15) plantaginea,
Leaves sublinear ; flowers 4 in,
long ; stamens more or less
exserted —— .., ae ... (16) arenaria.
Glandular-puberulous :
Flowers rather numerous;
corolla-lobes 4—;'; in. long ... (17) transvaalensis.
Flowers few; corolla-lobes
zo-a; in. long:
pip nie 34 in, tong;
calyx -~ in. ;
soba Lobia z; in. coed (18) rariflora,
Flowers 4,5 in. long ;
in aera in. a ;
corolia=lobes do-as .
long * +iis ye ae 103 parvula.
Bract 4; in. long; corolla-tube 3; in. long (20) gracilipes.
** Flowers racemose, 3-7; in. long... .. —«»» (21) tenella,
1. P. capensis (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371); an
anoual herb, viscid-puberulous with short hairs, 3~12 in. high ;
stem erect or ascending, slender, corymbosely or subfastigiately
branched or simple; branches often divided ; leaves alternate or the
lower opposite, sublinear or the lower spathulate, obtuse or pointed,
narrowed towards the sessile or subsessile base, few-toothed or
entire, 1-11 in. long, the lower about ;); in. broad, the upper
narrower ; teeth obtuse or scarcely acute; flowers sessile or sub-
sessile, crowded or somewhat lax, yellow, 3—-% in. long ; heads or
spikes terminal, subhemispherical, elongating in fruit ; bracts linear,
sessile, adhering to the anterior side of the calyx-tube, }—§ in. long ;
calyx bilabiate, nearly half-way down, viscid-puberulous, }~} in.
. long ; posterior lip 3-dentate, anterior bidentate ; teeth subdeltoid
or lanceolate, short, keeled ; corolla minutely glandular-puberulous
outside, marcescent; tube slender, about +, in. long ; throat some-
what bearded ; limb spreading, about } in. in diam. ; lobes obovate
or rounded, entire, somewhat unequal, 3-1 in. long ; stamens glab-
rous, all alike, one pair shortly exserted, the other just reaching the
Corolla-throat or sometimes slightly exserted ; filaments inserted on
the upper part of the corolla-tube, about ;'5 in. long ; style filiform,
Minutely glandular-puberulous, shortly exserted; ovary sero
glandular-puberulous; capsule oval, not much compressed, —
membranous, }—1 in. long; seeds numerous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
ee
x. 351. Buchner nsis, Linn. Mant. i. 88. Manulea capensis,
Thunb, Prodp. 101, “and FL. Cap. ed. Schult. 467. Manulea villosa,
Pers. Syn, ii. 148. Erinus wmbellatus, Burm. fil. Prodr. Cap. 17
Partly. ~ Lychnidea villosa foliis angustis dentatis, floribus wmbellatis,
Burm. Rar. Afr, Pl. decas’5, 141, t. 50, fig. 2.
Sourn Avrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Thunberg! Masson! Herb,
Forster /
¥2
324. SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Polycarena.
Coast Region, below 1000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div. ; Olifants River mountains,
Schlechter, 5083! Zekoe Vley, Schlechter, 8576! Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland,
Ecklon § Zeyher, 241! near Groene Kloof (Mamre), Drege, 7906! Bolus,
4310! neighbourhood of Hopefield, Saldanha Bay, &c., Bachmann, 1494-1498!
Cape Div.; near roadside towards Riet Vley, Wolley Dod, 3277!
\/__-2. P. gilioides (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372); an
annual herb, erect, slender, shortly viscid-pubescent, corymbosely
branched above, simple below, 3-7 in. high, with habit almost of
Gilia lacinata, Ruiz and Pav.; stem leafy; branches alternate,
spreading-ascending, sparingly leafy ; leaves linear or nearly so or the
lower oblanceolate, obtuse, a little narrowed towards the sessile
or subsessile base, subentire, 1-1 in, long; teeth obtuse ; flowers
1-2 in, long, sessile or subsessile, rather few or several, spicate;
spikes terminal, capitate and dense or in fruit laxer below; bract
linear, obtuse, 1—! in. long, sessile, entire, adhering to the calyx-
tube; calyx 1 in. long, bilabiate nearly half-way down, viscid-
pubescent, 5-dentate ; teeth deltoid or lanceolate, short ; corolla-tube
slender, glandular-papillose outside, 1—% in. long; throat orange-
yellow, glabrous or pilose ; limb spreading, 1—1 in. in diam. ; lobes 5,
obovate-oval, entire; stamens glabrous; filaments filiform, short or
very short, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube; one palt
of anthers shortly exserted, the other appearing at the corolla-mouth ;
style filiform, shortly exserted ; capsule oval, not much compressed,
rae shining, glabrous, 2 in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x.
51.
Coast Reeron, below 1000 ft.: Clanwilliam Diy. ; hills near Brandewyn
River, Sehlechter. 1082) | Clanwilliam, Guthrie, 3352! ‘Tulbagh Div. ; Ceres
Road, Schlechter, 8983! Paarl Div.; near Paarl, Drege, 7907) Harvey,
Bunbury, 155! = nr me
3. P. silenoides (Harv. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 351); am
annual herb, erect or suberect, simple or corymbosely branched,
slender, leafy, strongly viscid-pubescent, 2-5 in. high, with the:
appearance of a weak Silene; leaves oblong-linear or subspathulate,
obtuse, narrowed towards the subsessile or shortly petiolate base,
or subentire, viscid-puberulous, 2—% in. long, 3—+ in. broad ; flowers
4-¢ In. long, sessile or subsessile, few or several, spicate ; spikes
rather lax or at the apex dense; bract linear, obtuse, 1—} in. long,
sessile, entire, adhering to the calyx-tube, viscid-pubescent on the
back ; calyx about 1-1 in. long in flower and 2} in, long in fruit,
shortly bilabiate, viscid-pubescent, 5-nerved; teeth 5, subdeltoid,
obtuse, small ; corolla-tube slender, viscid-puberulous outside, 5-5
long; limb about 2 in. in diam, ; lobes obovate-oval, entire, rounded ;
throat glabrous or nearly so; stamens glabrous ; filaments filiform,
rather short, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube ; anthers
rounded, one pair just exserted, the other shortly ineluded ; style
shortly exserted; capsule oval, somewhat compressed, pallid,
_ glabrous, shining, } in. long, at length bursting the ealys.
Coast REGION, ascending from 200 to 2300 ft. : Olanwilliam Div. Puckbuis —
Polycarena.] SCROPHULARIACES® (Hiern), 7
Berg, Schlechter, 8614! Olifants River, Schlechter, 5008! Cape Div.; on Lion
Mountain, tear apetown, Harvey! Mund! Hooker, 81! Bolus, 4769 ! Wolley
Dod, 2780! 3090!
4. P. glaucescens (Hiern) ; an annual herb, erect, simple or some-
what branched above, very slender, glaucescent, puberulous, naked
hear the inflorescence, moderately leafy below, 3-4 in. high;
branches short, suberect; leaves opposite or the upper alternate,
elliptical or narrowly obovate or sublinear, nearly entire, obtuse,
narrowed towards the base, the upper sessile, minutely glandular-
pulverulent, 1—3 in. long, 35~} in. broad; flowers subcapitate,
very shortly pedicellate, pik in. long; heads subglobose, dense,
5- or few-flowered, erect or slightly nodding, 4-1 in. long or less,
a2 In. broad; bract oval-oblong, obtuse, entire or sparingly toothed,
glandular-puberulous, adnate to the calyx-tube, 1-1 in. long, free
portion sometimes laterally involute in flower, afterwards flat; calyx
vo~¢ in. long, bilabiate about half-way down, very shortly 5-toothed,
Yather lax, scarcely inflated, 5-ribbed, more or less pubescent ;
2 anterior teeth broadly ovate, 3 posterior subdeltoid or sub-
lanceolate ; corolla-tube glabrous, j—} in. long; throat minutely
glandular-papillose ; lobes oval-oblong, rounded, entire, ;4;—,'5 in.
long; stamens glabrous ; filaments filiform, inserted about the
middle of the corolla-tube; the anthers alike, higher pair in the
mouth of the corolla, lower shortly included; style filiform, shortly
exserted, glandular-papillose on the narrowly clavate stigmatic apex,
entire, recurving at the tip; capsule ellipsoidal, } in. long, ;; in.
road, somewhat compressed ; seeds numerous.
WesreRn Recon : Little Namaqualand ; Modderfontein, Whitehead !
5. P. collina (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, rigid below, rather
slender, viscid-pubescent, branched, 6-9 in. high; stem subterete,
purplish below ; branches erect-patent or suberect, slender, sub-
Virgate below, leafy, somewhat flexuose above below the inflores-
cence ; leaves sublinear or the lowest oblanceolate, alternate or the
lowest opposite, often quasi-fasciculate with axillary abbreviated
leafy shoots, 12 in. long, 4,-3!; in. broad, obtuse, a little narrowed
towards the base, sessile, entire or few-toothed ; spikes cepipare,
subhemispherical, 11 in, in diam., several-flowered, terminal ; —
oval-ovate, very obtuse, densely pubescent outside with short _— :
Ing whitish hairs, concave, adnate to the ealyx-base, } 2 #5 ;
Howers sessile or subsessile, about + in. long; calyx bilabiate
Scarcely half-way down, 5-toothed, densely and shortly base
st in. long; teeth triangular, small, 2 anterior very es é
Posterior not quite so short; corolla apparently yellowish, gla _
tube about + in, long, limb somewhat spreading ; lobes a at,
°F oval-oblong, entire, ,—,, in. long; stamens he gus : ie
iform, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube ; an
tather large, roundish, exserted; style exserted, glabrous ; ovules
humerous,
326 SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). [ Polycarena.
Western Region: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Brackdamm, 2000 it,
Schlechter, 11156!
6. P. Leipoldtii (Hiern); an annual herb, erect or ascending,
simple or branched, slender, 4-10 in. high ; stem purplish below,
pilose above, straight or flexuous; branches opposite or quasi-quater-
nate, suberect or ascending, slender, pilose; leaves linear, opposite,
the upper very narrow and alternate, the lower elliptical-oblong,
obtuse, narrowed to the base, sessile or the lower shortly petiolate,
subentire or few-toothed, glabrous or nearly so, 4-11 in. long,
1 1
2 i
1-1 in. long ; bract 1-1 in. long or in fruit 1 in. long, adhering to
lobes ;4; in. long; stamens glabrous; anthers rounded, just ot
scarcely exserted ; style exserted ; capsule oval, 1 in. long.
Coast Rxe@ron: Clanwilliam Div. ; in sandy soil on hill-slopes and flats, near
Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 874!
WESTERN ReGion: Little Namaqualand; in stony places near Klipfontein,
3000 ft., Bolus, in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 656!
7. P. selaginoides (Schlechter MS.); an annual herb, erect of
ascending, simple or loosely branched below, subcorymbosely
branched about the inflorescence, 31-5 in. high, dusky when dry ;
stem and branches subterete, rather wiry or slender, pilose with short
scattered whitish hairs, more or less leafy ; leaves oblanceolate-
linear or the lowest obovate, obtuse, somewhat narrowed towards
the base, sessile or subsessile or the lowest petiolate, pilose, entire oF
nearly so, alternate or the lower opposite, 1—% in. long, 35-s 1°
6 25 8
broad; spikes capitate, shortly spheroidal, numerous, several- or
many-flowered, 3-1 in. broad; bract oval, very obtuse, concave,
embracing and partly adhering to the calyx, ;!; in. long, nearly
glabrous or slightly or obsoletely scaly-puberulous, ciliate below;
flowers sessile or subsessile, 1_1 in. long, erowded ; calyx q'g—-1'3 ™
long, bilabiate half-way down, 5-toothed; 2 anterior teeth short,
subdeltoid, 3 posterior lanceolate, slightly scaly-puberulous,
ciliolate ; corolla-tube zo} in. long; lobes about +5 in. long ;
stamens glabrous, all exserted ; filaments filiform, inserted on the
upper part of the corolla-tube ; style exserted ; ovary elliptic:
oblong; ovules numerous.
hota REGION: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Drooge River, 1200 ft., Schlechter,
8. P. aurea (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372); 9
annual herb, erect, simple or branched, slender, viseid-pubescen 3
2-8 in. high, more or less leafy except the tops of the stem al
branches; branches alternate ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate;
Polycarenu.| SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 327
linear, narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse, more or less narrowed
towards the sessile or subsessile base, viscid-puberulous, denticulate
or entire, {3 in. long, »,-} in. broad; spike dense, subcapitate,
viscid-puberulous, 2—! in. in diam., many-flowered ; bract linear-
ovate, obtuse, 1-1 in. long, viscid-puberulous on the back ; flowers
subsessile, orange-yellow ; calyx 1 in. long, bilabiate about half-way
down, 5-dentate; teeth viscid-puberulous, 2 small, subdeltoid, 3
longer ; corolla-tube about equalling the calyx or slightly exceeding
it, nearly glabrous; limb 1-1 in. in diam., subpatent ; lobes oval-
oblong, rounded, entire, 1—1 in. long; throat glabrous; stamens
glabrous, exserted ; style longer than the corolla-tube. Benth. in
DC. Prodr. x. 351. Manulea ethiopica, Thunb. Prodr. 101, and
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 467 excl. syn. Buchnera aurea, Herb. Banks.
ex Benth. in Hook., lc.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !
Coast Recron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Koude Berg, near Wupperthal, 2500 ft.,
Schlechter, 8722! :
CrenTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; at Yuk River, or near Yuk River Hoogte,
Burchell, 1260! Sutherland Div. ; Little Roggeveld, Burchell, 1293! Rogge-
veld, Masson!
This is probably one of the 7 species of Hrinus, mentioned by Burchell,
Trav. §. Afr. i. 225; also one of 3 species of Hemimeris, l.c., 245.
9. P. foliosa (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 351); an annual herb,
decumbent, much-branched, viscid-pubescent, very leafy, 3-7 in.
high ; branches rather slender, wiry; leaves opposite or the upper
Scattered, entire: or few-toothed, crowded, obtuse, more or less
narrowed towards the base, 3-1 in. long, the lower oblanceolate,
shortly petiolate and up to 4 in. broad, the rest sublinear narrower
and sessile or shortly petiolate ; spikes dense, capitate, globose in
flower, oblong and below less dense in fruit, 5 In. thick, many-
flowered ; bract sublinear, obtuse, entire, viscid-puberulous, adhering
below to the calyx, ;4,—1 in. long in flower, about } in. long in fruit ;
flowers about 2 in. long; calyx bilabiate, about 5-5 1. long,
5-toothed ; 2 lower teeth ovate-deltoid, very short, obtuse, viscid-
puberulous ; the other 3 lanceolate, longer, viscid-puberulous ; corolla-
tube glabrous, about equalling the calyx ; corolla-lobes | spreading,
glandular-puberulous outside, oval, obtuse, entire, about =); In. on ;
stamens glabrous, exserted; style exserted; capsule oval, a little
Compressed, ,1,—1 in. long.
aoe ReGion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 192! Zeyher,
ina i. 191) ;
10. P. discolor (Schinz in Verb. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. XXX1 ;
an annual herb, aaa glandular, 13-72 In. high, simple or ae
branched ; leaves narrowly lanceolate or linear, obtuse ri za oe
Sessile, sparingly pilose, quite entire or unequally an . y
dentate, 3-2 in. long, 3-5 in. broad, the lower opposite, t ue vee
alternate or opposite : pedicels gu-v in. long ; bracts e. ones
adnate below to the calyx and pedicel ; flowers subcapitate, s
328 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Polycarena.
spicate ; spikes very short or in fruit oblong, }—j in. broad, few- ot
several-flowered ; calyx unequally 5-lobed, obscurely bilabiate,
jo-} in. long ; lobes 3-3"; in. long ; corolla bilabiate ; tube ;’o-} in.
long ; lower lip 3-lobed, at first blue, afterwards rosy, ;1,—} in. long;
upper lip shorter, 2-lobed, whitish with 2 orange marks ; filaments
dusky, about 4 in. Jong; anthers exserted ; style about 4 in. long;
young capsule ,'; in. long.
Kavauart Region: Bechuanaland; by the Moshowa River, near Takun,
Burchell, 2252/6!
Occurs also in Damaraland.
11. P. pubescens (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372); an
annual herb, erect or ascending, viscid-pilose, slender or fairly robust,
2-12 in, high, simple or branched, moderately leafy; branches very
slender or wiry ; leaves opposite or alternate, sublinear or oblong oF
the lower obovate, obtuse, more or less narrowed towards the sessile
.
or shortly petiolate base, dentate or entire, 3—% in. long, 34-$ ™-
broad; spikes dense, capitate, few- or many-flowered, globose im
flower, oblong in fruit, about 4 in. broad; bract elliptic-oblong,
viscid-pilose, concave, ;!,—1 in. long; flowers 1—1 in. long, sessile or
subsessile, yellow; calyx about 1 in. long, viscid-pilose, shortly
bilabiate, 5-dentate, 2 lower teeth very small, 3 upper ovate-deltoid
rather less small; corolla-tube about equalling the lower lip of the
calyx, } in. long; lobes 5, somewhat spreading, about +}; in. long,
oval, obtuse, entire; stamens glabrous, exserted; style shortly
exserted ; capsule oval, a little compressed, about+in. long. Benth.
in DC. Prodr. x. 351. Polecaria pubescens, Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 94.
Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; between New Kloof and Slangenheuvel, below
1000 ft., Drége, 549a!
Western Reaion, from 1800 to 3200 ft.: Little Namaqualand ; near Haazep—
yaale River, Drege, 549)! near Silverfontein, Dréye, 549c ! mountains wear
okiep, Bolus, in Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr., 657! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karee_
12. P. Maxii (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, viscid-puberulous,
vather slender, branched, pale green, 4-5 in. high ; stem purplish
hear the base ; branches opposite or the upper alternate, divaricate,
ascending, moderately leafy; leaves narrowly oblanceolate or sub-
linear, obtuse, attenuate to the sessile or scarcely petiolate base,
entire or few-toothed, minutely glandular, pilose, opposite or the
upper alternate, 1-12 in. long, ,,—1 in. broad ; teeth patent, obtuse ;
spikes numerous, corymbose, many-flowered, dense, subhem!
spherical or hemispheroidal, 1—1 in, long, 1-2 in. broad; bes
j's-7'o in. long or the lowest up to 2 in. long, oval-oblong, entire oF
the lowest few-toothed, glandular-pilose, ciliolate, adnate to the
base of the calyx; flowers about 1 in. long, subsessile; caly*
bilabiate, glandular-pilose, ciliate, partly purplish in fruit; anteriot
part 5 in. long, posterior .*, in. long ; ‘anterior lip very shortly
Polycarena.] SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 329
obtusely bifid, posterior lip 3-lobed ; lobes lanceolate-oblong, obtuse,
vo In. long; corolla-tube 4; in. long; lobes z4—;'; in. long ; throat
glabrous or very nearly so; stamens and style exserted; capsule
rete RY
377 in. long.
Nagin Recion: Little Bushmanland; Keuzabies, Max Schlechter,
2!
Nearly related to P. pubescens, Benth. ; the posterior calyx-teeth are longer
in that species.
13. P. capillaris (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372); an
annual herb, simple or branched, erect, glabrous below, shortly
puberulous above, slender or somewhat wiry, 3-9 in. high ; branehes
ascending or the lower decumbent, decussate or alternate, numerous
or few, leafy ; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, elliptical,
obovate or oblong or the uppermost sublinear, obtuse, more or less
narrowed towards the base, sessile or subsessile or the lower shortly
petiolate, dentate or subentire, ;1,—3 in. long, j,—-} in. broad ; spikes
subhemispherical or oblong, dense or in fruit lax below, few- or
many-flowered, 1-121 in. long, 1-8 in. broad ; flowers subsessile,
3-6 in. long, whitish drying yellow or orange-yellow ; bract linear-
oblong, obtuse, concave, adhering to the calyx, ~5-} in. long, entire,
glabrous, sparingly ciliate or slightly puberulous; calyx 4!;—;'5 in.
long, subbilabiate, 5-cleft nearly 3-way down or less, glabrous or
minutely glandular-papillose ; teeth lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, erect ;
corolla-tube glabrous, shortly exceeding the calyx; limb small,
glabrous, 5-lobed ; lobes 1;~s'; in. long ; stamens exserted, glabrous ;
filaments filiform, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube ;
style shortly exserted ; capsule 45 in. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr.
x. 351. Manulea capillaris, Linn, f. Suppl. 285; Thunb. Prodr.
101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 468. :
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zhunberg ! Masson! — ;
Coast Region, below 1000 Pde Piquetberg Div. ; hills _— Piquetberg,
Schlechter, 5271! Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Ecklon, 114! 318! ph
4844! sandy places near Hopefield, Schlechter, 5295 ! Cape Div. ; “6 an meng
near Cape Town, Ecklon, 96! Bolus, 2800! 4730! and in Herb. Norm., od |
Harvey! Wolley Dod, 8213! 2814! Chapmans Bay, Wolley 1 on Thad Soi
Caledon Div. ; sandy places near Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 1181! Be wkes
ae by the Great Vals River, Burchell, 6349! Uitenhage Div., Zeyher,
2 t
= Ms ; l
14. P. filiformis (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 478); an annua:
herb, very thinly witch, branched, 4-6 in. high ; Lib ay * it
ceolate, few-toothed, about % in. long, s—5 1. talk a its
leaves linear, entire ; spikes terminal on long filiform stalks ; flo
comparatively distant, sessile or shortly pedicellate ; pediees = une
. 1 4
cases about in. long; bract scarcely equalling the ealyx, ;'; in.
long ; ‘ alyx. ? abeeee, po ne long ; corolla-tube ;4;-} i- long ;
10
obes 51. in. long and broad.
Cenrrat Rucion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam hills, Meyer.
330 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). | Polycarena.
15. P. plantaginea (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372);
an annual herb, flexuous-erect or decumbent, viscid-pilose, simple
or branched, slender or wiry, 13-10 in. high ; branches decussate or
the uppermost seattered, divaricate or ascending, more or less leafy ;
leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate, elliptical or oblong or the
lower obovate-oblong, obtuse, narrowed or attenuate towards the
base, viscid-pilose or subglabrous, subentire, }—% in. long, 73-4 1.
broad, sessile or subsessile or the lower shortly petiolate ; spikes
terminal, subcapitate in flower, elongated in fruit, leafy below, dense
above, interrupted below with often a few detached axillary flowers
at the base, several- or many-flowered, 1-2 in. long, 1-3 in. broad;
flowers 1-1 in. long; bract oblong or lanceolate, very obtuse, entire,
viscid-puberulous, concave, below elasping and partly adhering to
the calyx and to the very short pedicel, 1—1 in. long ; calyx ventm-
cose-ovoid, subbilabiate about 4-way down, 5-dentate, viscid-pilose,
1-1 in. long; teeth ovate-deltoid or lanceolate, the anterior short;
corolla white ; tube about as long as the calyx; limb very small ;
stamens not exserted ; capsule about ,—1 in. long. Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x, 352. Manulea Plantaginis, Linn. f. Suppl. 286. M.
plantaginea, Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 469.
Coast Region: Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Thunberg ! Worcester Div.}
Hex River Valley, Wolley Dod, 4011!
Western Recion, from 1200 to 3000 ft.: Little Namaqualand; _ Modder-
fontein, Drége, 3133a! Silverfontein, Drége, 3133b! near Klipfontein, Bolus
in Herb. Norm., 658! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Karee Bergen, Schlechter, 8195.
16. P. arenaria (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, straight, rather
slender, viscid-pilose with whitish hairs, simple or branched, 3-7 1.
high; stem subterete, purplish or pale green below; branches
fastigiate, slender, leafy below, pallid ; leaves opposite or alternate,
sometimes quasi-fasciculate with axillary abbreviated leafy shoots,
3-4 in. long, 4,—,1, in. broad, sublinear, obtuse, more or less wedge-
shaped at the base, sessile or subsessile, subentire ; spikes elongating,
2-9-flowered, rather dense at the apex, rather lax or interrup
below, terminating the stem and branches, 1—1 in. long; flowers
sessile or subsessile, about 1 in. long, apparently yellowish 5 braet
linear-lanceolate, obtusely subulate, entire, glandular-pubescent,
exceeding the calyx and adhering to it at the base, 2-1 in. long;
calyx shortly bifid, 5-toothed, } in. long in flower, 2 in. long 1
fruit; teeth short ; corolla-tube searcely exceeding the flowerins
calyx; limb rather small, partly orange in colour; lobes 5, oval,
entire, .—y; in. long; stamens glabrous, more or less exserted 5
fargo glabrous ; capsule ovoid-ellipsoidal, 1 in. long, +
road.
Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; in sandy places near Alexanders Hoek,
300 ft., Schlechter, 5134! : “Ex
17. P. transvaalensis (Hiern); a slender herb, annual, 13-8 i0-
high, glandular-puberulous, simple or sparingly branched, erect °F
Polycarena.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 331
ascending, leafy near the base; upper internodes longer than the
leaves; leaves opposite or the upper sometimes alternate; lower
leaves obovate or spathulate, obtusely narrowed above, petiolate,
entire or denticulate, including the petiole 4-12 in. long, 4,1 in.
broad; upper leaves lanceolate-linear or sublinear, subacute or
obtuse, wedge-shaped or but little narrowed at the base, sessile,
dentate, denticulate or entire, 1-2 in. long; bract linear, oblong or
somewhat lanceolate, obtuse, about } in. long, sessile, glandular-
papillose on the back, shortly exceeding the calyx, adhering to the
calyx at the base and to the very short pedicel, ciliolate below;
flowers about 1—1 in. long, sessile or subsessile, in terminal hemi-
spherical or elongating heads, rather numerous; heads in flower
about 4 in. in diam., in fruit elongating, interrupted below ; ealyx
7z-1o in. long, glandular-pubescent, shortly bifid; one lip with 3
small lanceolate teeth, the other with 2 small deltoid teeth; corolla
glabrous, marcescent ; tube about as long as the ealyx ; limb spread-
ing ; lobes rounded or oval, entire, ;1;-;; in. long; posterior lobes
marked with an orange pilose round basal spot stamens shortly
exserted, glabrous, about equalling the style ; pistil glabrous, } in.
long; style 44, in. long.
Katanari Reeion ; Transvaal; near Lake Chrissie, Wilms, 1174! by the
Vaal River near Kloete, Wilms, 1041! sandy places near Wilge River, 4600 ft.,
Schlechter, 4125 !
18. P. rariflora (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 372); an
annual herb, erect, slender, viscid-pilose, simple or branched, 2-9 in.
high ; stem often purplish; branches erect-aseending, very slender,
sometimes flexuous, more or less leafy, like the leaves opposite or the
upper alternate ; leaves linear or the lower oblanceolate or obovate
obtuse, narrowed towards the base, sessile or subsessile or the loweet
shortly petiolate, glabrous or viscid-pilose, }~} in. long, y'o~y'y ©.
broad, entire or few-toothed; spikes 1~7-flowered, rather lax, in
fruit up to 1-12 in. long, 13 in. broad ; flowers subsessile or very
shortly pedicellate, 11 in. long; bract {—} in. long or in fruit ;
little longer, linear, obtuse, adhering to the calyx-tube and oe
glabrous, entire ; calyx ;3,-} in. long, glabrous or nearly so, b ei
about }-way down, very shortly 5-dentate, sometimes rosy a re
teeth short, ovate-deltoid, obtuse, erect ; corolla glabrous ; ae
shortly or scareely exceeding the calyx; lobes obtuse or be .
about 1, in. long ; stamens glabrous, just or scarcely onnee ed 5 : y e
rather exceeding the corolla-tube ; capsule about + ong ;
seeds numerous, very small. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 352.
Jahrb. xxvii. 181) ; flowers smaller,
Var. 8, micrantha (Schlechter in Engl. calyx about ;'; iu, long;
about 34-2 in. long; bract about 5-% in. long;
capsule =, in. long. :
: her, 158!
Sours Arrica: without locality, Ecklon, 287! 290! Zeyher,
: illi . hills near Brandewyn
Coast Recron, from 600-4500 ft.: Clanwilliam Diy. ; hills near Brandevy
River, Schlechter ‘hues banks of the Olifants River, Schlechter, !
332 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [ Polycarena.
Malmesbury Div. ; Berg River, Ecklon, 336 ! Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley,
Wolley Dod, 4003! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; Hzelsbank, Schlechter, 8819 iyo!
Western Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.: Karee Bergen, 1500 ft., Schlechter,
8257 !
19. P. parvula (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 181); an
annual herb, slender, simple or but little branched, not unlike P.
rariflora, Benth., in habit but smaller, 14—4 in. high; stem slender,
leafy, shortly puberulous, at length glabrous at the base; leaves
erect-patent, the lower opposite, ovate or elliptical, somewhat obtuse,
attenuate into the petiole, entire or distantly and obscurely denticu-
late or crenulate, 11 in. long, ;4,-} in. broad, the upper narrower,
quite entire, alternate, subsessile and gradually smaller ; spikes few-
flowered, at length elongate, lax; bract linear, obtuse, sessile,
qu—y'5 in. long ; flowers comparatively small, ;';—;); in. long, whitish,
with an orange spot on the throat ; calyx =3;—}; in. long, bilabiate
about 1-way down, 5-toothed ; 2 anterior teeth short, 3 posterior
rather longer, all obtuse ; corolla j,—); in. long; tube subcylindrical,
glabrous, ;—,', in. long; lobes subequal, broadly oblong, rounded,
go-go in. long; 2 upper stamens shortly exserted, 2 lower included
or subexserted ; filaments filiform, inserted above the middle of the
corolla-tube ; style filiform, reaching almost as high as the stamens,
ineurved ; ovary glabrous; capsule oblong, glabrous, scarcely exceed-
ing the calyx ; seeds rounded, whitish.
Coast Region ; Clanwilliam Div. ; in sandy places near Zuurfontein, 150 ft.,
Schlechter, 85384!
20. P. gracilipes (N. E. Brown); an annual herb, erect,
slender, glandular-pilose, much branched, 6 in. high and more;
branches deeussate or alternate, divaricate, very slender, sparingly
leafy; leaves alternate or the lower opposite, oblanceolate of
sublinear, obtuse, narrowed or attenuate towards the base, pilose,
minutely glandular, entire or nearly so, 31,—} in. long, as-x 1
broad, sessile or subsessile or the lowest petiolate; spikes terminal,
1-7-flowered, narrow, 1—2 in. long ; common peduncles very slender,
3-4 in. long; pedicels alternate, short or obsolete or in fruit the
terminal rather long, the upper approximate in flower, rather distant
in fruit; bract oval-oblong, very obtuse, about .j, in. long, concave
below, embracing the calyx, adnate at the base to the pedicel,
minutely glandular; flowers about } in. long; calyx bilabiate,
glandular-puberulous outside, ;!; in. long in flower, ;45.in. long 1»
fruit, 5-dentate; 2 anterior teeth very short, deltoid, 3 posterior
ovate and about 4 as long as the calyx ; corolla glabrous, yellow;
tube ;*; in. long; lobes 5, oval-oblong, rounded, nearly equal, 3's 12.
long, somewhat spreading; stamens exserted, glabrous ; filaments
filiform, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube; anthers
dusky when dried; style filiform, exserted; capsule shortly
spheroidal, glabrous, shining, about 4, in. long.
CentRaL ReGion: Calvinia Div.; Brand Vley, Johanssen, 17!
Polycarena. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 333
21. P. tenella (Hiern) ; an annual herb, slender, erect or ascend-
ing, nearly simple or branched, 2-6 in. high, inconspicuously viscid-
pilose ; stem reddish-purple below ; branches decussate or the upper
alternate, divaricate or ascending, very slender, pale green ; leaves
opposite or the upper alternate, obovate, narrowly oblanceolate or
sublinear, obtuse, attenuate at the base, sessile or subsessile or the
lowest subpetiolate, pale green; entire or slightly repand-dentate,
z—s in. long, 45~—} in. broad ; racemes 3-11-flowered, lax, terminat-
ing the stem and branches, erect or ascending, up to about 3 in. long ;
pedicels very slender, divarieate, alternate, up to Lin. long; flowers
abont ':-;'; in. long, tawny; bract about 5-45 in. long, oblong,
obtuse, sessile, adhering below to the calyx, minutely glandular-
viscid on the back; calyx about ,, in. long in flower or in fruit
v's in. long, bilabiate scarcely 1-way down, 5-dentate, minutely
glandular outside; teeth small, triangular, obtuse or apiculate, 2
anterior connate higher up than the rest ; corolla about equalling the
calyx, 5-cleft ; lobes lanceolate, subulate, acuminate, recurving
towards the apex, 2 posterior longer than the rest; stamens glabrous ;
filaments filiform, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube ;
anthers all alike, small, shortly exserted ; style filiform, shortly
exserted ; capsule subglobose, ;;—;'; in. in diam., pallid, shining,
bursting the persistent calyx ; seeds about 4 in each cell.
Coast ReGion : Clanwilliam Div.; Koude Berg near Wupperthal, 2500 ft.,
Schlechter, 8723 ! pf
WrstERN REGION: Little. Namaqualand; on hills at Tweefontein near
Concordia, 3500 ft., Bolus, 6564! Schlechter, 11336 !
XXV. ZALUZIANSKYA, F. W. Schmidt.
Calyx ovoid-tubular or oblong, persistent, 5-cleft or shortly
B-toatinéa: bipartite or bilabiate; segments 3-lobed and 2-lobed
respectively. Corolla tubular, persistent ; tube usually much enevi
ing the calyx, at length splitting at . the base ; org tte ta
5-lobed, nearly regular or bilabiate ; lobes equal or not, shorter than
the tube, obtuse, entire, emarginate or bifid; throat usually ae
metrical, hairy or glabrous. Stamens didynamous or he fod -
by abortion of the anterior pair, posterior pair usually include “a
the corolla-tube ; filaments short, inserted near or at the top of the
tube; anthers oblong or rounded, by confluence 1-celled, apne
pair smaller or barren, horizontal; posterior pair vertical. vary
2-celled ; style filiform, entire, somewhat club-shaped at the stigma-
tose apex ; ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid-oblong, coriaceous or
submembranous, septicidally bivalved ; valves bifid. Seeds numerous,
small ; testa usually loose.
Annual or perennial herbs..or almost undershrubs, mo f
usually daring black in drying; leaves simple, dentate — oe uagpeiind
opposite, the upper often alternate ; bracts usually entire, udpres 7 an
e calyx or rarely free;. flowers in terminal spikes or rarely Ys
hermaphrodite, ie
Zaluzanskia, Neck, Elem, Bot. iii. 311, is Marsilea, Linn.
re or less viscid and
334 SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern). [Zaluzianshya.
DistRiB, Species 32, endemic. ,
Odontites (Nycterinia ?) Sceptrum, HE. Meyer ew Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Docwmente, 152, 205, from Pondoland in the Eastern Region, between St. Johns
- River and Umtsikaba River, below 1000 ft., is unknown to me.
* Lobes of the corolla-limb bifid :
+ Stamens 4: :
t Corolla-tube shortly pubescent outside :
Flowers in terminal spikes :
Leaves sessile or subsessile :
Leaves subentire or not strongly
dentate ;
Leaves 3-nerved, somewhat
fleshy, obovate-oblong or
narrowly oval shi
Leaves l-nerved or sub-
coriaceous, linear or linear-
oblong :
Perennial; branches
decumbent; leaves
linear-oblong ... (2) lychnidea.
(1) maritima.
Annual ;s branches
erect or ascending ; é
leaves linear .. (3) capensis.
Leaves pinnatifid-dentate ... (A) longiflora.
Lower leaves distinctly petiolate :
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, sub-
linear or narrowly elliptical,
dentate or subpinnatifid .. (5) dentata.
Leaves obovate or elliptical, den-
tate <* 4, oe i ... (6) ovata.
Flowers axillary and subterminal :
Floral leaves adnate below to the
calyx :
Herb scarcely 3 in. high; leaves
oblong-linear ... he nee
Suffruticose, about 1-14 ft. high ;
leaves elliptical or obovate ... (8) distans.
Floral leaves free from the calyx... (9) Katharine.
tt Corolla-tube subglabrous or glandular-
puberulous outside :
Suffruticose herb ; flowers 2-24 in. long .., (10) montana.
Annual herbs; flowers 2-14 in, long:
Calyx inflated; flowers about 12 in.
long; calyx Zin. long... ... (11) inflata.
Calyx not inflated; flowers 2-1 in.
long; calyx 1—2 in. long:
Petioles short; flowers about :
1 in, long ae ne ... (12) africana.
Petioles 4-3 in. long; flowers
2-1 in. long:
Leaves ovate; flowers 3-1
in. long :
Lobules of the corolla-
lobes not falcately
spreading... Aes
Lobules of the corolla-
lobes falcately spread- :
ING is ce ... (14) faleiloba.
Leaves elliptic-spathulate ;
flowers 2-2 in. long _—.., (15) violacea.
(7) pumila.
(13) gilgians.
Zaluzianskya.| — SCROPHULARIACEm (Hiern). 335
77 Stamens 2:
Perennial, 20-40 in. high pie en -+» (16) microsiphon.
Annual, 1-12 in. high ... a8 aes -+» (17) villosa,
ec of the corolla entire or emarginate, not
ifid :
j Stamens 4, all bearing anthers :
Annual or small ; flowering spikes erect :
Stems more or less leafy :
Flowers §-1+ in. long or the branches
divaricate :
Corolla-throat pilose or hispid-
bearded :
Flowers about 1-1} in.
long Ged es ... (18) crocea.
Flowers about §-% in. long (19) collina.
Corolla-throat nearly glabrous or
finely pilose :
Branches divaricate, decum-
bent or ascending :
Leaves oval, ovate or
lanceolate, the lower
obovate and _ petio-
late ... ... ~~... (20) Givarioata,
Leaves sublinear, sessile
or subsessile ... ... (21) benthamiana,
Branches suberect ... _—.... (22) aschersoniana.
Flowers about $ in. long or less; plant
simple or with ascending branches (23) pusilla.
Stems nearly bare of leaves above :
Spikes usually with numerous flowers (24) peduncularis.
Spikes 2-6-flowered ... a ... (25) gilioides,
Perennial, 12-16 in. high; flowering spike
drooping :
Stem-leaves linear, entire or few-toothed (26) alpestris,
Stem-leaves oblong, obscurely few-toothed
ordenticulate ... -. «s+» (27) goseloides.
Stem-leaves more or less oval, incise-
crenate .., wa re eed ... (28) Flanagani.
++ Stamens 2, or if 4 only 2 bearing anthers :
Flower capitate; corolla-tube exserted, 2-3 in.
long :
Floral leaves sublinear; anthers included
or nearly so; calyx shortly bifid ... (29) Bolusii.
Floral leaves obovate or oblanceolate-
; ted ; calyx shortl
me anthers exser caly d (30) diandra,
Floral leaves Ianceolate-oblong 7 a
rtly or scarcely included; calyx J
bad ak aie gt oO men
Flowers 1 or 2 together ; corolla-tube scarcely
exserted, 1-1} in. long «...--» ~~ --» (82) memesioides.
_1. Z. maritima (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); a perennial herb, 3-3 ft.
high ; stems erect, fier aoe ge ascending, often somewhat shrubby
below, simple or somewhat branched, terete, dusky, leafy, pubescent
With pallid hairs or puberulous; before the flowering the plant is
Conspicuous by the rosulate tuft of radical leaves which are numerous
and imbricate and’ afterwards become marcescent ; lower stem-leaves
hatrowly-oval or obovate-oblong, obtuse, mostly narrowed towards
336 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
the sessile or subsessile base, entire or dentate, thinly coriaceous or
somewhat fleshy, more or less spreading, glabrous or puberulous,
1-3 in. long, 1—% in. broad, 3-nerved at the base; upper stem-leaves
rather erect, often adpressed, gradually smaller, 1-nerved; floral
leaves broadly lanceolate, amplexiecaul, }-1 in. long; spike dense,
bracteate, usually elongating, terminal ; flowers 13-2 in. long; calyx
narrowly oblong, 2-2 in. long, ~;—} in. broad, deeply bilabiate,
pubescent or glabrous but ciliolate ; teeth small, ovate-deltoid, ob-
tuse ; corolla glandular-pubescent or -puberulous outside, marcescent,
opening only at night or in dull weather, erimson or purple or brown
outside, white or creamy inside, or white edged with rose; tube
slender, ;!,—;!; in. broad, glabrous within; throat puberulous ; limb
patent, 1-2 in. in diam.; lobes 5, obcordate or obovate, bifid;
lobules emarginate or 2-8-cleft and rounded ; stamens didynamous,
glabrous, the longer pair with anthers just exserted ; style glandular
or glabrous, exserted ; eapsule hard, coriaceous, —} in. long. Krauss
2
in Flora, 1844, 834. Erinus maritimus, Linn. f. Suppl. 287;
Benth., ll. cc. N. spathacea, Benth., il. ce. Z. coriacea and Z.
spathacea, Walp., l.c., 306. N. natalensis, Bernhardi ex Krauss,
Le. ; Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 37, t. 58. Z. natalensis, Bernhardi, L.c.
Var. 8, pubens (Hiern) ; plant clothed with short curly hairs; leaves above
the middle dentate.
Var. y, breviflora (Hiern) ; flowers less than 1 in. long. Perhaps a distinct
species.
Van. 5, fragrantissima (Hiern) ; annual; flowers very fragrant.
VaR. ¢, atro-purpurea (Hiern) ; corolla-limb broad, ? in. in diam.; flowers
blackish-purple.
Var. ¢, grandiflora (Hiern) ; corolla-limb.about 1 in. in diam.
Coast Rxaion, ascending from the shore to 4000 ft.: Cape Div. ; hills near
Cape Town, Ecklon § Zeyher ! Cape Flats near Princess Viey, MacOwan, Herb.
Aust. Afr., 1932! Humansdorp Div.; sea-shore close to Zeekoe River, Thunberg !
Stockenstrom Div.; summit of Elands Berg, Scully, 385! Kat Berg, Baur,
1106! Ecklon § Zeyher, 62! Cathcart Div.; near Klipplaats River, Ecklon
J Zeyher ! hills between Shiloh and Windvogel Berg, Ecklon § Zeyher, 239!
Stutterheim Div. ; mountain near Dohne, Flanagan, 1715! King Williamstown
Div. ; near Kachu (Yellowwood) River, Drége, 4740a! Var. 8: Stockenstrom
Div.; Kat Berg, Hatton! Var. 3: Knysna Div.; sand hills at Plettenberg
pa Burchell, 5818! Bathurst Div. ; mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell,
CenTrat ReGion, between 4000 and 8000 ft.: Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg,
MacOwan, 1632! Graaff Reinet Div.; Graaff Reinet, MacOwan, 53! Aliwal
North Div.; top of the Witte Bergen, Drége, 7895 !
Katanari ReEGion, between 2000 and 7000 ft.: Orange River Colony;
Drakensberg, Cooper, 2848! Mont aux Sources, Flanagan, 12035! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 891! 892! 893! 2848! 2851! Basutoland, Cooper,
2847! Transvaal ; near the Crocodile River, Barber, 13! near Bronkhorst River,
Wilms, 1039! Saddleback Range, Barberton, Galpin, 829! Macmac, Mudd!
near Lydenburg, Atherstone! Wilms, 1088! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !
Var. y: Basutoland; Drakensberg, Sanderson, 647! Orange River Colony,
Cooper, 1089! :
Zaluzianskya.] sCROPHULARTACE® (Hiern). 337
Eastern Rearon, from 50 to 6000 ft.: Tembuland; Bazeia Mountain, Baur,
886! and in Herb. MacOwan, 1632! Hast Griqualand; near Clydesdale, Tyson
in MacOwan §& Bolus Herb. Norm., 863! Kwenkwe Mountain, near Gatberg,
Bolus, 8756! Natal; Bushmans Rand Mountain, Krauss; Umzmkulu River,
Drége! Olivers Hoek Pass, Wood, 3489! South Downs, Evans, 351! Inanda
Wood, 26! Clairmont, Wood, 521! Howick and Charlestown, Kuntze, and
without precise locality, Gueinzius / Sanderson, 46! Zululand; Ingoma (Ngome)
Gerrard, 1209! Var. B: Natal, Gerrard, 1991! Zululand; on dry plains,
Gerrard, 1210! Var. y: Natal; near Van Reenen, Schlechter, 6988! Var. e:
Griqualand East; mountains around Kokstad, Tyson, 1354! Natal; Clairmont,
Wood, 6523! Var. ¢: Griqualand East; Mount Currie, Tyson, 1733!
2. Z. lychnidea (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); a viscid herb, some-
what shrubby at the base, dark green, clothed with softly strigose
hairs, yielding a glutinous substance similar in appearance and odour
to gum ladanum (D. Don); root perennial; stem decumbent or
ascending, 38-15 in. high ; branches leafy ; leaves opposite, linear or
linear-oblong, obtuse, attenuate at the base, sessile, subentire, sub-
coriaceous, nearly glabrous, usually 1-nerved, narrowly revolute
along the margin, 2-2 in. long, ;1,—1 in. broad, rather pallid beneath ;
floral leaves narrowly lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, often ciliate,
z—! in. long, toothed or entire ; spikes terminal, short or sometimes
rather elongated ; flowers expanding only in the evening or in cloudy
weather and then very fragrant; calyx tubular, membranous, very
pale green, almost white, shortly or searcely pubescent, shortly
bilabiate, about 2 in. long; lobes 5, short, obtuse, erect,. ciliolate ;
corolla-tube slender, 1-11 in. long, livid-purple outside ; throat
contracted, somewhat hairy and glandular ; limb spreading, deeply
lobed ; segments 5, wedge-shaped, bifid, milk-white inside, livid-
purple outside; lobules divaricate, obtuse, spathulate; stamens
glabrous, one pair just exserted, yellow ; ovary oblong; style filiform,
white, smooth, exserted. Wettstein in Engl. and Prantl, Pflan-
zenfam. iv. 3%. 68, fig. 31 E. F. Nyeterinia lychnidea, BD. Don in
Sweet, Brit. Flow. Gard., ser. 2, ¢. 239; Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. i. 369, and in DC. Prodr. x. 349.
The early synonymy has been much confused, and being uncertain is partly
omitted. Bot. Reg. t. 748; Bot. Mag. t. nee ne.
- Erinus gracilis, Lehm. in Linnea, x. Litt. ; :
Cf. Erinus fragrans, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 357, and EZ. lychnidea, Lam
Eneycl. ii, 386.
Sourn Arnica: cultivated specimens! A
Coasr Region : Platters Diy.; Elands Berg, gen le epee
Div.; Saldanha Bay (Ecklon J* Zeyher ?), 162! Ca ck aggre Na ia
Harvey, 197! Batharst Div.; near the Kowie River, Jac crag “ee
CentRat Recron, 3000-3500 ft.: Somerset Div. ; Bosch lus, 53! 428! ;
! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Cave mountain near Graaff Reinet, Bo ag asinnitidire:
KALAHARI Region: Transvaal ; oP wn Ridges near Jo y
t., Gilfillan ¢ . Galpin, 1479! :
Eastern pee ie A000 ft.: Pondoland; between coe ev aties. Woes.
mtsikaba River, Drége/ between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu. , ,
4739!
' : hould
This species is difficult to distingnish from Z. capensts, and perhaps both shou
United. ; Z
VOL, IV.—gsEcr, II.
338 SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
3. Z. capensis (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); root fibrous, annual;
stems erect or ascending, herbaceous or rarely rather shrubby towards
the base, branched from the base, 4—20 in. high, hard, rather slender,
wiry ; branches more or less shaggy or nearly glabrous, leafy, alternate
or opposite, dusky; leaves opposite or scattered and alternate, some-
times several together subfasciculate, unequal, linear or the lower some-
what lanceolate, obtuse, somewhat or scarcely narrowed towards the
base, sessile or subpetiolate, entire or sparingly toothed, 1—2 in. long,
1-nerved, the lower crowded and spreading; the floral usually somewhat
lanceolate, ciliate, entire or sparingly toothed, 2-1 in. long; spikes
oblong, short or somewhat elongated, few- or many-flowered ; flowers
alternate, sessile, 1-1% in. long; calyx narrow, 3— in. long, deeply
bilabiate ; segments ciliate, shortly toothed at the apex ; corolla-tube
slender, glandular-puberulous outside; limb spreading, 2—% in. in
diam., purplish or brownish outside, white within ; segments obovate-
bifid ; stamens didynamous, upper pair just exserted ; style exserted
or about as long as the corolla-tube; capsule glabrous, 2—} in. long.
Cf. Erinus capensis, Linn. Mant. alt. 252. HE. cethiopicus, Thunb.
Prodr, 102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 473. Nycterinia capensis,
Benth. in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 870, and in DC. Prodr. x.
849; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834. Cf. E. lychnideus, Linn. f.
Suppl. 287.
Walpers, l.c., gives 4 varieties, as follows :—
Var. a, hirsuta ; branches rather shaggy, leaves hirsute on both faces.
Var, 8, glabriuscula ; branches and leaves nearly glabrous. ot
Var. y, foliosa ; leaves smaller and crowded, spike few-flowered. MNycterinia
capensis, y foliosa, Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Aust. 3. eS:
Var. 5, tenuifolia; leaves narrowly linear, nearly glabrous, Nyctlerinia
capensis, 5 tenuifolia, Drége, l.c.
SourH ArRica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! Oldenlurg, 1143!
Herb, Burmann! Var. 8: cultivated specimens!
Coast Region, ascending from 50 to 1900 ft.: Cape Div.; various places
around Cape Town, Wolley Dod, 1200! Krauss, 1638! Bolus, 7229! Knysna
Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Bowie! Zitzikamma, Kraviss, 1638. Uitenhage Div. 5
Grassrug, Zeyher! Port Elizabeth Div.; Aloga Bay, Cooper, 2852! 2853!
Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 83, partly! Howisons Port, Hutton :
Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, Galpin, 1993! Cooper, 1842! 2850
Var. a: Cape Div,: hills near Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 1410! Knysna Div.;
Viugt valley, Bolus, 2410! Alexandria Diy. ; Zuur Berg, Cooper, 2849! Albany
Div. ; Cooper, 3122! Bathurst Div.; between Bushmans River and Karega
River, Ecklon, 216! Var. 8: Cape Div.; sand dunes (Ecklon § Zeyher ?),
172! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Ecklon! Var.8: Cape Div. ; Chapmaus Bay,
Wolley Dod, 1553! Knysna Div.; near Groene Valley, Burchell, 5660! Bathurst
Div.; between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3917! Queenstown Div.
Cooper, 372! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 83! =
CENTRAL Reaion, between 4000 and 5000 ft.: Graaff Reinet Div.! Cave
mountain, Bolus, 53! Albert Div.; New Hantam, Drége, 7896! Vane”
gestae a ; sgt 7g slopes, Tyson, 208! kasteel
ESTERN Region, Var. 5: Little Namaqu ; hi Mierenkasie™s
e000 the Drige, oui’ qualand; hills near
KaaHARI Reaton, between 4000 and 7000 ft.: Orange River Colony; Mont
aux Sources, Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8221! Besters Vlei, Bolus, 8220 Lae
without precise locality, Cooper, 999! 2841! 2844! Basutoland, Cooper, 25
Var. 3: Transvaal, Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6002 ! ee
Zaluzianskya.) —_ scrornutartacex (Hiern), 339
EasteRN REGION, between 3000 and 6000 ft.: Natal; hill at Izingolweni,
Wood, 3088! between the Biggarsberg and Buflulo River, Gerrard, 2074! near
Albert, Wood, 3480! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2846! Griqualand
East; on Mountains, Tyson, 1271! Eastern districts, MacOwan, 254! Hutton!
Var. 3: Natal; near the Tugéla River, Wood, 3488! and without precise
locality, Gerrard, 1990!
4. Z. longiflora (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); an erect annual: herb,
branched from the base or simple; stem dusky strigose-hirsute or
pubescent with pallid hairs, a little shrubby at the base, 6-80 in.
high ; branches erect or ascending, terete, rather slender, wiry, leafy ;
leaves mostly opposite, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, somewhat ~
narrowed towards the base, pinnatifid-dentate, sessile or subsessile,
somewhat viscid-pubescent, }~1} in. long; floral leaves lanceolate,
subentire or few-toothed, pubescent, ciliate, 1-} in. long; spikes
short, dense; flowers 1-12 in. long, alternate, crowded, yellowish,
closed during the day, open at night and then sweetly fragrant ;
calyx 1-1 in, long; teeth narrow, pubescent ; corolla-tube slender,
glandular-puberulous outside; limb spreading, 2-} in. in diam. ;
lobes bifid; throat shortly pubescent; capsule glabrous, } in. long.
Nycterinia longiflora, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 370, and
iw DC. Prodr. x. 349,
C 4 iv.; on the great mountain near Genadendal,
Burehell, Gabt! Seuce meer sha 3509 f Bivonkaie Div. ; at Van Stadens
River, Burchell, 4653 ! .
Wrerern Reeion: Little Namaqualand; near Ezelsfontein and on Roode
Berg, Kamiesberg Range, 3500-4000 ft., Drege, 3120 !
see . hd ]
5. Z. dentata (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); an annual or perennia
herb, 112 ft, nah: stems erect, ascending or decumbent, pep
less branched, terete, softly and adpressedly pubescent above, rather
slender, sometimes shrubby near the base ; branches pubescent,
leafy; leaves oblong-lanceolate, sublinear or srojeh Biomer tad
obtuse, rounded at the subpeticlate base, strongly denitat aed
pinnatifid, more or less pubescert, }-2 in. long, mt in. co
floral leaves about 1-8 in. long, oval-oblong or -lanceolate ; Pe lole
broad, the lower evident, the upper obsolete ; ‘spikes short He e 98
ting, dense, several- or many-flowered, terminal ; flowers 14-1? in.
aly 1_1 jn, long; corolla-tube
long, very sweet-secented by night; calyx {-» ai dit: ih? ahah
slender, clandular-pubescent outside, glabrous )
£40, in diam, inile-white WiDIA: dark pipe geues id Reger
Violet outside, expanding at evening twilight an Ai aia / canine
twilight; lobes bifid; throat shortly hairy i ae “oe bare,
sin. long. Nyeterinia dentata, Benth. in Hook. Comp. 00
1. 370, and in DC. Prodr. x. 849.
Var. 8, humilis (Hiern) ; an annual herb, 4-8 in. high. Nycterinia dentata,
vr. humilis, Benth. il. cc. ke: Mibchell:
Saat REGION, asc-nding from 400 to $000 ft: Tole Or ne Div.
a, tant ie blows eect py ! Ecklon, 499! Burchell,
Mountains around Cape Town, Drége, :
Za
340 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya,
8463! Bolus, 4706! 8034! Wolley Dod, 145! Bunbury, 157! Zeyher, 3508!
Rehmann, 1711! Simons Bay, Wright! Caledon Div.; Genadendal, Schlechter,
10309! hills near Caledon, Bolus, 9156! Komgha Div.; near Komgha, Flanagan,
1306! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, Ecklon, 87!
CentraL Reeion, between 3500 and 4500 ft.: Beaufort West Div.;
Nieuweveld, Drége, 7898! Murraysburg Div. ; near Murraysburg, Tyson, 208!
6. Z. ovata (Walp. Repert. iii. 307); a wiry herb, annual or
perhaps perennial, about 1 ft. high, branched from the base;
pubescence whitish, spreading or recurved, viscid-glandular ;
branehes decumbent or divaricate, ascending, leafy at least above;
leaves obovate or elliptical, rounded or very obtuse, attenuate at the
base, dentate, firmly herbaceous, hairy on both faces, feebly 3-nerved,
2-2 in. long, 2-2 in. broad; lower petioles up to * in. long or in
some eases less; floral leaves oblong or oval-oblong, 1—3 in. long;
spikes short or elongating in fruit, dense or somewhat interrupted ;
flowers 11—2 in. long; ealyx deeply bilobed, hairy outside, glabrous
and shining within, oblong, 1—2 in. long in flower, 2 in. long in fruit,
anterior lobe shortly bilobulate, posterior shortly trilobulate; teeth
triangular, pointed, the anterior -4; in. long, the posterior ;'; in. long ;
corolla marcescent ; tube slender, 13-15 in. long, 3,—;); in. in diam.
about the middle, slightly and gradually dilated towards the throat,
glandular-puberulous outside, glabrous within, except at the throat ;
limb 1-2 in. in diam., bright pink or red outside, white within,
minutely glandular-papillose ; segments bifid, obovate ; lobules
rounded ; stamens didynamous, glabrous; one pair shortly exserted,
the other shortly included; style exserted beyond the anthers,
filiform ; capsule about 3 in. long. Nycterinia ovata, Benth. m
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 370, and in DC. Prodr. x. 349.
Coast Reeion: Queenstown Div.; Andries Berg, near Bailey, at the base of
the cliff on the summit, 6500 ft., Galpin, 2276 ! :
Central RxGIon: Aliwal North Div.; stony places on the Witte Bergen,
7000-8000 ft., Drége, 7894!
Eastern Reeion: Natal; rocky places on the Peak of Byrne, 4000 ft.,
Wood, 1819!
7. Z. pumila (Walp. Repert. iii. 307) ; a herb scarcely 3 in. high,
much branched, drying black, in habit somewhat resembling Castilleja
Jfissifolia, Linn. f., apparently annual; leaves oblong-linear, deeply
and distantly dentate, the floral ones similar in shape somewhat
dilated at the base and two or three times as long as the calyx;
flowers axillary, scareely spicate ; corolla-tube scarcely pubescent ;
lobes bifid; capsules ovoid, coriaceous. W ycterinia pumila, Benth.
in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 370, and in DC. Prodr.x. 349; Drég’
4wei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 63, 204.
CenTRAL REGIoNn: Prince Albert Div. : between Dwyka River and Zwart-
bulletje, 2500-3000 ft., Drége !
8. Z. distans (Hiern) ; suffruticose, branched, apparently annual,
dusky when dry, 1-12 ft. high; branches rather slender, wiry, sub
Zuluzianskya.| | SCROPHULARIAcEa (Hiern), 341
terete, leafy, divaricate, with rather short whitish and spreading
pubescence, glabrescent below; branchlets slender, herbaceous ;
leaves opposite or the upper alternate, elliptical or obovate, narrowed
to the obtuse apex, wedge-shaped at the base, membranous, toothed
on the upper half, entire towards the inconspicuously 3-nerved base,
strigulose with short rather thick whitish hairs, minutely glandular-
papillose, 1-12 in. long, ;5~2 in. broad; petioles up to 1 in, long;
floral leaves obovate or narrowly elliptical, obtuse, with a few small
teeth above, below entire and adhering to the calyx, puberulous,
shortly ciliate, 12 in. long; Mowers sessile or subsessile, few or
comparatively distant, 14-2 in. long, scarlet or chocolate outside,
white within ; spikes short or elongated; calyx oblong, bilabiate
half-way down, puberulous, shortly ciliate, # in. long, or in fruit
somewhat more; teeth 5, lanceolate or ovate-triangular, short,
puberulous, shortly ciliate, subacute ; corolla-tube shortly pubescent
and glandular outside, slender; limb spreading, about 2-3 in. in
diam, ; segments 5, obovate, bifid, about 2-1 in. long; mouth pilose ;
stamens didynamous, glabrous; filaments short or very short,
filiform, inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube ; anthers all
perfect, one pair more or less exserted, the other included ; style
filiform, shortly exserted ; capsule about 2 in. long.
Eastern ReGion, between 5000 and 7000 ft.: Natal; Van Reenens Pass,
Schlechter, 6944! Wood, 7906! near Charlestown, Wood, 5721!
9. Z. Katharine (Hiern); a glandular-pubescent undershrub,
more than 1 ft. high, grey, much branched, subherbaceous above ;
branches subterete, rather slender, wiry, divaricate, ascending,
opposite or alternate, grey-green below, grey-purplish and leafy
above; pubescence short, dense; leaves opposite or the upper
alternate, ovate or elliptical, narrowed to the obtuse or subacute
apex, subtruneate .or rather abruptly narrowed or yedge-thepet. at
the base, strongly- or excise-dentate except at the base, thickly her-
baceous, subscabrid-puberulous, dusky or dull-green ] ike eaey
purplish when dry, 1-3 in. long, 3-2 in. broad ;_petio iy a oe
long, somewhat or searcely dilated and clasping at the the 0 r
leaves similar, the blades free from the ealyx; iwi a ary Te
subterminal, solitary, subsessile or sessile, about 1} in. one ‘ - ih
Shortly bilabiate, narrowly oblong, glandular-p nbeseron © “a ps i
long or slightly more ; teeth 5, erect, lanceolate, acute or gener? ,
Ts-1z in. long; corolla-tube slender, filiform, ce ee ge coe
glandular-pubeseent outside ; limb speading, spout as my tigre
white with a pink tinge and glabrous within ; igs eg ns did ;
bifid, 1-1 in.long ; throat puberulous or pilose-hisp : svame a di v
hamous, glabrous ; filaments filiform, short or very short, vane Bo on
the upper part of the corolla-tube, anthers all p ee i d bout
partly exserted, .—1 in. long, the other shortly ineluded,
. hortly exeeeding the
2: 3628
3 in. long ; style filiform, about as long as or Shor
corolla-tube ; het glabrous ; capsule oblong, 2-1 in, long, at length
splitting the calyx ; valves 2, bifid at the apex.
342 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
Katauart Recion: Transvaal; on stones near Heidelberg, Miss K. Saunders,
3! Jeppestown Ridges, Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,
1478! Jeppes Hill, Rand, 873!
10. Z. montana (Hiern) ; a sutfruticose herb, divaricately branched,
with rather short spreading whitish pubescence, 7 in. high or more,
apparently perennial; branches rigid, wiry, leafy and herbaceous
towards the apex ; leaves opposite, obovate or oblanceolate, rounded
or obtuse, wedge-shaped at the shortly petiolate base, thickly her-
baceous, shortly pubescent on both faces, crenate-dentate, §-z in.
long, 2-1 in. broad; floral leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, sessile,
crenately serrate above, entire below, exceeding and below adnate to
the calyx, 2 in. long, } in. broad; spikes terminal, dense, many- or
several-flowered ; flowers about 2-21 in. long ; calyx narrowly oblong,
flattened, bilabiate more than half-way down, puberulous, 3—% in.
long; teeth 5, small, ovate, obtuse or subacute ; corolla-tube slender
throughout, glandular-puberulous, not pubescent; limb about 3—-§ in.
in diam., spreading; segments obovate, bifid, about} in. long,
glabrous ; lobules rounded or oblong, more or less diverging ; mouth
finely pilose; stamens didynamous, glabrous; filaments filiform,
short or very short, inserted near the top of the corolla-tube;
anthers all perfect, the upper pair shortly exserted ; the lower just
included ; style filiform, glabrous, about equalling the corolla-tube ;
capsule glabrous, shining, oval-oblong, 2 in. long; valves 2, bifid.
Karanart ReGion: Orange River Colony ; summit of Mont aux Sources,
9500 ft., Flanagan, 2032!
11. Z. inflata (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 481, Zaluzianskia) 5
an annual herb, 13-3 in. high, erect, simple or divided at the base ;
leaves ovate or oval-oblong, obtuse or somewhat acute, more or less
narrowed at the base, pubescent 2-1 in. long, 2-1 in. broad ; lower
pairs subentire ; petioles about 1-3 in, long; upper pairs sessile or
subsessile, dentate ; floral leaves longer than and adpressed but not
adnate to the calyx, about * in. long, 1 in. broad, oval-oblong,
dentate, subobtuse, pilose ; flowers few, about 1-11 in. long, in short
terminal spikes; calyx inflated, shortly bilabiate, about } in. long,
$~x in, broad, membranous at the base, pubescent along the nerves
and teeth, otherwise glabrous; teeth 5, 5-1 in. long, ovate or
tanceolate ; corolla-tube glabrous, about 12 in. long and -2, in. broad ;
mouth glandular-papillose; lobes bifid to the middle, 3—} in. long,
von} in. broad; lobules rounded ; stamens didynamous, glabrous ; —
one pair of anthers appearing at the mouth of the corolla, the other
included ; style about equalling the corolla-tube.
CENTRAL ‘ ee nS : : ‘ ft
Schlechter, 10081 1 Watters Srenntetos wives, peice safide ct a
12. Z. africana (Hiern) ; an annual herb, with whitish spreading
viscid pubeseence, 2-6 in. high; root subfusiform, fibrous; ste?
Zaluzianskya.] scropHULARIACE& (Hiern). 343
simple or branched below, terete, leafy at the base; branches
divaricate, decumbent or ascending, long; middle internodes com-
paratively long; leaves oblanceolate, ovate or oblong, obtuse or
subacute, more or less narrowed towards both ends, especially the
base, subentire or few-toothed, spreading, bright and deep green
above, a little paler beneath, the upper opposite or alternate, semi-
amplexicaul and sessile, the lower opposite and shortly petiolate,
gl in. long, 34-1 in. broad; floral leaves oblong, oblanceolate or
lanceolate-oblong, longer than the cilyx and adnate to it, subacute
or subobtuse, —% in. long, the upper half spreading ; spikes terminal,
short or elongating, many-flowered, dense above, interrupted below ;
flowers about 1 in. long ; ealyx shaggy, about 1 in. long, bilabiate ;
teeth 5, lanceolate or ovate, small, pointed or acute; corolla-tube
filiform, straight or a little curved, glandular-papillose outside, purple,
striate ; throat glabrous or nearly so; limb patent, 4—} in. in diam, ;
lobes 5, obovate, bifid, white within, purple or deep rosy outside ;
Stamens 4, one pair shortly exserted, the other shortly included ;
style filiform, shortly exserted or equalling the corolla-tube ; capsule
s3 In. long. Hrinus africanus, Thunb. Prodr. 102, and Fl. Cap. ed.
Schult. 474, and Herb. partly ; not of Linn. Nycterinia africana,
Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371, and in DC. Prodr. x. 350 ;
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834. Z. villosa, Walp. Repert. iii. 308,
partly ; not of F. W. Schmidt.
Coast ReGion ; Worcester Div. ; Hex River Kloof, Drége, 584a! Cape Div. ;
mountains around Cape Town, Thunberg! Krauss. Knysna Div. ; Zitzikamma,
Krauss. Albany Div. ; Hermanns Kraal, Ecklon, 221! : : s
CENTRAL REGION, between 2000-5000 ft.: Ceres Div.; near Yuk River,
Bureheli, 1259 ! Somerset Div. ; Somerset Kast, Bowker! Graaff Reinet Div. ;
Sneeuwberg Range, Drége, 5846! on hills, Bolus, 1869 !
Katanari ReGion ; Griqualand West; on flats, Mrs. Barber, 13!
13. Z. gilgiana (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 480); an annual
herb, erect, simple 2 branched, Y41 in. high, very elegant, pilose
on the young parts ; leaves ovate, acute, almost entire, ;—> In. long,
i ; : . uite
++ in. broad; petioles 2 in. long; floral leaves narrower, q
i i i i i to the
entire, shaggy with white hairs, twice as long as and adnate
calyx ; spike at first capitate, afterwards elongated and age id
ow; flowers proportionally considerable ; calyx a ee Se
membranous, pilose ; corolla-tube very thinly pubescent, ;-1 in. long,
Searcely 1. in. broad; lobes bifid, } in. long; lobules rhomboid,
Ye in. long and broad, rounded.
‘CENTRAL Rugron : Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
14. Z. falciloba (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. ie an anna!
herb, erect, perhaps simple; stem (in one instance) 25 In. ~ ink
eaves ovate, the lowest pair almost entire, the middle pais ap)
less dentate, the uppermost deeply cut; petioles i . sone, :
des 2-1 in, long, 1-2 in. broad; the uppermost ‘ong but only
344 SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). = [ Zaluzianskya.
1-1 in, broad, wedge-shaped at the base, floral leaves sessile, wedge-
shaped at the base, at the apex deeply incise-dentate, shaggy, some-
what longer than and a little adnate to the calyx; calyx 3-4 in.
long; corolla-tube somewhat glabrous, 3—* in. long; lobes bifid to
the middle, Y-shaped, 1 in. long; lobules very narrowly triangular,
faleately patent.
Centra Reeron: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
15. Z. violacea (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 183) ; an annual
herb, simple or somewhat branched, with the habit of Z, villosa,
F. W. Schmidt, but usually more slender, 11-6 in. high; branches
decumbent or ascending, terete, wiry, finely pilose, almost leafless ;
leaves often clustered at the base of the stem, suberect, elliptical-
spathulate, narrowed and subacute or obtuse, attenuate into the
petiole, subentire or obscurely subdentate, sparingly finely pilose or
ciliate, together with the petiole 3-12 in. long, 1-3 in. broad;
petiole 1-8 in. long; spikes terminal, short, densely corymbose,
6—20-flowered ; bracts lanceolate-oblong, somewhat obtuse or sub-
acute, sometimes slightly recurved at the apex, rather densely ciliate
towards the base, about 1-3 in. long; calyx bipartite, $-; ™-
long; lips connate almost half-way up, ribs hispidulous; outer
segment tridentate, with acute hispidulous teeth; inner segment
bifid, a little wider than the outer, ;1, in. broad; corolla violet
coloured; tube cylindrical, subfiliform, minutely glandular-
puberulous outside 2-3 in. long, 3, in. in diam. ; lobes divaricate,
obtusely bilobulate, wedge-shaped at the base, + in. long; throat
with erect setw ; stamens didynamous, upper pair exserted, lower
pair included in the corolla-throat ; anthers narrowly oblong, uppe
pair twice as long as the lower; style filiform, somewhat thickened
at the apex, shortly exceeding the corolla-tube, reaching the height of
_the upper pair of anthers; ovary oblong, glabrous.
Weltechior, 1 ice Clanwilliam Div.; hills near Brackfontein, 500 ft.,
WESTERN RuGioN: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; sandy hill the Zout River,
450 ft., Schlechter, 8118 ! ynsdorp Div. ; sandy hills near
16. Z. microsiphon (K. Schumann in Just, Jahresb. xxvi. i. 395)5
a viscid-pubescent herb, apparently perennial ; stem densely leafy,
simple or with a few branches, 20-40 in. high, about 4 in. thick
below, tapering upwards, turning dusky green when dry oF the
upper part reddish ; branches even at the fruiting stage densely
leafy all along, leaves showing a gradual passage towards the bracts
but the leaves immediately below the spikes of flowers are smaller
and narrower than the bracts ; leaves lanceolate, quite entire, obtuse,
sessile, erect or adpressed, the lower 1-12 in. long and 3—} in. b
the uppermost -} in. long and j,—1 in. broad; flowers axillary,
sessile, solitary und the uppermost arranged in a dense bracteale —
terminal spike 4-16 in. long; calyx bifid, about 2 in. long; ¢0
Zaluzianskya.] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). _ 845
s in. long, J; in. broad; stamens 2, included; style exserted ;
Eastern Recon: Natal; Van Reenens Pass, 6000 ft., Kuntze !
17. Z, villosa (F. W. Schmidt, Neue u. Selt. Pf. 11); an annual
herb, sometimes almost an undershrub, 1-12 in. high, with spreading
pallid or whitish more or less viscid pubescence, or only slightly
pilose, often much branched, dusky-grey when dry; root rather
thin, branched; stem bent at the base, erect; lower branches
decumbent or ascending, divaricate; leaves spathulate or obovate,
obtuse or rounded, attenuate at the shortly petiolate or sessile
base, sometimes narrowly decurrent at the base, subentire, rather
fleshy-herbaceous, often 3- or 5-nerved, 1-1 in. long, 3;—} in.
broad ; lower petioles up to about 1 in. long, ciliate; floral leaves
linear-oblong, oblanceolate or obovate, dilated and ciliate towards the
base, shaggy or glabrous on the back, entire or sparingly-denticulate,
exceeding the calyx below and adnate to it, obtuse, 1-1 in. long,
to~¢ in. broad; spikes short or somewhat elongating, dense at. least
above, straight, usually many-flowered ; flowers outside purple and
white or lilac inside, 1-1 in. long; calyx often shaggy, 4—3 in. long,
lax, membranous, bilobed; teeth ereet, lanceolate or ovate, small,
acute; corolla-tube subglabrous or glabrous, minutely glandular
outside, filiform, incurved, somewhat ventriccse towards the top ;
mouth hispid, with numerous erect rigid hairs; limb spreading,
4-% in. in diam. ; lobes obovate, bifid; stamens 2, included or nearly
80; anthers yellow; capsule glabrous, bivalved, 3-} in. long.
Usteri, Ann. der Bot. vi. 116; Walp. Repert. iii. 308, partly.
Erinus africanus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 630, and Herb. / ; Eckl. in Pi.
Afr. Austr. n. 301; not of Thunb. E. selaginoides, Thunb. Prodr.
102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 475. E. villosus, Thunb, il. cc. 102,
Nycterinia selaginoides, Benth. in Hook, Comp. Bot. Mag. i.
370, and in DO. Prodr. x. 349; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834.
4. selaginoides, Walp. lc. Lychnidea villosa, foliis ex alis floriferis,
Hlorum petalis cordatis, Burm. Rar. Afr. Plant. decas 5, 139, tab. 50,
9-1. Lychnis Africana, minima, folio angustissimo, viridt, i
Purpureo, capsulis turgidis, striatis, Burm. Cat. Plant. angi 10.
Luphrasia Zithiopica Drabee foliis, summis oris flosculorum altius
divisis, Ray, Hist. Plant. ii. 401. uphrasie affinis frutescons
Chamedryfolia, profundius denticulata, ex Proment. Ba: Spei, Ray, l.c.
Jla about 1-3 in. long. N.
sia var. p. glabra, F. W.
Var. 8, glabra (Hiern); nearly glabrous, a
Seneiaes, B. glabra, pane in Hook., l.c. Z. selaginoides,
. t, Le. * * m3
VaR. y, parviflora (Hiern ; corolla 3—3 in. long. N. selaginoides, 7. parvi-
flora, Benth. in Hook. A 8 pte in DC. lie., 850. N. pusilla, Drége in Linnea,
XX. 198; not of Benth.
346 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
Coast Reaion, below 1000 ft.: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; near Ebenezer, Drege,
78976! Wiud Hoek, Schlechter, 8080! Clanwilliam Div.; between Lange Valley, |
and Heerelogement, Drége, 7902c! near Clanwilliam, Bolus, 9071! Schlechter,
5066! Leipoldt, 180! Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Yorke! Cape Div.; on
the flats, hills and shore, Thunberg! Ecklon, 301! Drege, 78970 ! Krauss, 1624,
1625, Wilms, 3526! Bolus, 7026! and in Herb. Norm., 652! Wolley Dod, 144!
1206! Wright! Stellenbosch Div. ; near Somerset West, Bolus, 4708! Hottentots
Holland, Sieber, 100! Caledon Div.; Hermanus Peters Fonteim, Guthrie, 4141!
Var. y. : Clanwilliam Diy.; between Oliphants River and Lange Valley, Zeyher,
1283b ! Piquetberg Div.; near Porterville, Schlechter, 4903 ! Maimesbury Div. :
Groene Kloof, Zeyher, 1283a! Saldanha Bay, Ecklon, 224! Cape Div. ; near
Cape Town, Harvey !
CenrraL Reoion: Calvinia Div. ; Nicuwoudtville, Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus,
9381! Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, Drege! Sutherland Div.; near
Sutherland, Burchell, 1342! Var. y: Ceres Div.; near Yuk River, Burchell,
1256! ;
Western Region: Little Namaqualand; near Port Nolloth, Bolus, Herb.
- Norm., 653! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Zout River, Schlechter, 8120! Var. 6: Little
Namaqualand; hills at Goechas, Schlechter, 11372! Little Bushmansland, Maa
Schlechter, 105! Vanrhynsdorp Div.; between Holle River and Mieren Kasteel,
Drége, 7901b! by the Oliphants River, Drége, 7901a !
Campanula africana ramosa, Drabe minoris folits pubescentibus, D. Sherard ex
Ray, Hist. Plant. iii. 387, is probably this species ; at least a specimen in Bur-
mann’s herbarium with this phrase attached belongs here.
18. Z. crocea (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 221) ; a peren-
nial (or annual) herb, 2-31 in. high, branched at the base;
branches divaricate, ascending; leaves patent or erect-patent, rather
thick; lower leaves obovate, subacute or obtuse, petiolate, sub-
dentate or sometimes subentire, up to * in. long by } in. broad ;
upper leaves sessile, spathulate, few-toothed, more or less whitish-
pilose, gradually narrower and passing into the bracts ; spikes
cylindrical, ovoid or capitate, more or less dense ; flowers subcorym-
bose, saffron-yellow, numerous; bracts foliaceous, exceeding the
calyx and fruit ; calyx deeply bilabiate, shaggy ; lips equal in length,
the lower shortly excised, the upper tridentate, 1 in. long ; corolla-
tube subfiliform, cylindrical, glandular-puberulous, whitish, scarcely
widened at the throat, about 1-12 in. long, 2, in. in diam. ; lobes
spreading, divaricate, 2 in. long, deeply emarginate or scarcely 80,
not bifid, saffron-yellow or bright orange outside, whitish within ;
lobules rotundate; throat pilose; stamens didynamous; one palt
shortly exserted, the other ineluded ; filaments very slender, glabrous ;
ovary glabrous ; style filiform, somewhat exceeding the corolla-tube 5
capsule oblong, as long as the calyx.
Coast Region: Queenstown Div.; tof eee near Bailey,
6350 ft., Galpin, 1927! iv.; summit of Andries Berg
CentraL Ragcion: Albert Div.; Broughton near Molteno, 6300 ft.»
Coote 1619! Aliwal North Div.; top of the Witte Bergen, Cooper, 614!
3]
19. Z. collina (Hiern); an annual herb, erect, branched at and
near the base or simple, 13-42 in. high, drying black ; stem and
branches rather slender, wiry, leafy, puberulous with short whi . 3
Zaluzianskya.| | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 347
scattered hairs ; basal branches divaricate, ascending; basal leaves
crowded in a rosette, obovate, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptical,
rounded or obtusely narrowed above, attenuate at the petiolate base,
entire or nearly so, glandular-puberulous or subglabrous, 1-1 in. long,
as-3 in. broad ; petioles short or up to 3 in. long, a little dilated
and clasping at the base ; stem-leaves linear, obtuse, a little narrowed
towards the sessile slightly or scarcely decurrent base, alternate or
subfasciculate, 1—1 in. long, ,1,—;3, in. broad, subglabrous or slightly
and minutely glandular ; floral leaves linear, obtuse, glabrous or
sparingly ciliate below, minutely glandular-papillose, 3-2 in. long,
exceeding and adnate below to the calyx; flowers spieate or sub-
spicate, 5-2 in. long; spikes many- or several-flowered, dense above,
sometimes interrupted below, short, erect; pedicels very short or
obsolete ; calyx 2 in. long, oblong, bilabiate about half-way down:
teeth 5, lanceolate or ovate-triangular, obtuse, ciliolate ; corolla-tube
rather slender, glabrous, minutely glandular-papillose, }— in. long,
straight or gently curved; mouth and throat hispid-bearded; limb
spreading, 1-2 in. in diam.; segments oval or obovate, entire, about
% in. long; stamens didynamous, glabrous; filaments filiform,
inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube, one pair exserted,
the other included; anthers all perfect; style filiform, shortly
exserted ; capsule about 1 in. long.
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand ; at Waterklip, between Garies and
Springbok, 2300 ft., Schlechter, 11177! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Karee Bergen,
1200 ft., Schlechter, 8193!
20. Z. divaricata (Walp. Repert. iii. 308); an annual herb,
2-10 in. high, with whitish spreading or recurved pubescence, rigid,
branched at the base or in poor soils simple, drying black ; root
subfusiform, fibrous; ‘stem erect, terete; branches . divaricate,
opposite, decumbent, ascending, leafy especially near the base ;
leaves oval, ovate or lanceolate or the lower obovate, obtusely
narrowed or nearly rounded above, more or less narrowed at the
base, membranous, bright or deep green above, a little paler beneath,
subentire or dentate, 1-1 in. long, 7j—% in. broad ; the upper shortly
petiolate or sessile, subamplexicaul ; the lower petiolate, trinerved ;
petioles up to nearly 4 in. long; floral leaves lanceolate-oblong,
obtuse, adnate to the calyx, 3-2 in. long, strongly toothed below ;
spikes terminal, short or elongated, many-flowered, dense above,
interrupted below ; flowers 3-1 in. long, yellow with dark orange
stripes (Guthrie); calyx bilabiate, shaggy, 4—5 1D. long ; teeth An
small, lanceolate, acute; corolla-tube slender, nearly straight,
Sparingly and minutely glandular-papillose outside, whitish ; mouth
nearly glabrous or puberulous ; limb patent, about 1—3 in. in diam. ;
lobes 5, ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, purplish outside with a yellow
i i ithi i ine; stamens 4
margin, yellowish within, marked with a red line; s ;
glabrous ni pair just exserted, the other shortly included ; style
pallid, exserted beyond the anthers ; stigma yellowish ; capsule
348 SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
2 in. long, ovoid-oblong, acute, glabrous. Manulea divaricata,
Thunb. Prodr. 101, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 468; Nycterinia
divaricata, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 350; Drége in Linnea, xx. 198. WN. rigida, Benth. in
DC., le.
Coast Region, ascending from 50 to 2600 ft.: Clanwilliam Div ; Pakhuis |
Berg, Schlechter, 8638! Paarl Div.; between Paarl Berg and Paarde Berg,
Drége, 401b! Cape Div. ; hills and flats near Capetown, Thunberg ! Ecklon!
Ecklon & Zeyher, 305! Harvey! Drége, 40la! Guthrie, 1226! Bolus, 4595!
4777! Wolley Dod, 1441! Millers Point, Grey ! Swellendam Div.; Hessaquas
Kloof, Zeyher, 3510!
21. Z. benthamiana (Walp. Repert. iii. 309); an annual herb,
rather rigid, erect, more or less pubescent, 4-12 in. high, not drying
black ; stem usually branched at or near the base; branches divari-
cate, decumbent or ascending, leafy; hairs whitish, spreading ;
leaves sublinear, obtuse, narrowed towards the base, sessile or sub-
sessile, entire or subdenticulate, 1-12 in. long, ,j,—} in. broad; floral
leaves lanceolate-linear, obtuse, closely adpressed or adnate to the
calyx below and exceeding it, ciliate below, 3-* in. long; spikes
terminal, many-flowered, dense above, sometimes interrupted
beneath, subcapitate ; flowers 8-1 in. long; calyx shortly bilabiate,
in fruit deeply bifid, glandular-puberulous, about 4 in. long; teeth 5,
ovate or lanceolate, acute or pointed, short, the back one the shortest ;
corolla rosy ; tube slender, minutely glandular-papillose, not pubes-
cent; mouth nearly glabrous, minutely and sparingly glandular-
papillose; limb about 1 in. in diam., spreading ; lobes obovate,
entire; stamens 4, glabrous, all included or one pair shortly
exserted and the other shortly included; style shortly exserted
beyond the stamens; capsule + in. long; periearp thin. Nycterinia
villosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371, and in DC.
rei x. 350, excl. the synonym quoted from Thunberg of Erinus
villosus,
CENTRAL Reuion: Ceres Div.; near Yuk River, Burchell, 1258!
Western Region: Little Namaqualand ; Haazenkraals River, 2000-2500 ft.,
Drége, 7909!
22. Z. aschersoniana (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.
xxxi, 190); an annual herb, erect, branched, shortly glandulat-
hairy, about a span high; leaves linear-lanceolate or narrowly 80,
obtuse or subacute, attenuate at the base, sessile, glandular-pilose,
quite entire or unequally dentate, 2-12 in. long, }—} in. broad;
bracts adnate to the pedicel and calyx, lanceolate, more or less acute,
entire or unequally and distantly dentate, 3-1], in. long, 13 in.
broad ; flowers shortly pedicellate, spicate, deep golden-yellow; |
spikes terminal, dense and capitate at the top, rather lax and some-
what interrupted below; calyx bilabiate, 5-toothed, 4 in. long;
lower teeth } in. long, upper teeth 2, in. long ; corolla-tube clothed
with short glandular hairs, #-1 in. long, about 5}, in. broad ; lobes
truncate or slightly emarginate, narrowed at the base, glabrous,
Sea ese
Zaluzianskya.| | SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 349
4-1 in. long, j; in. broad at the base, ;4; in. broad above; filaments
ineluded within the corolla-tube, inserted on the upper part of it,
z5-iy In. long; style about 1 in. long.
WESTERN ReGion: Great Namaqualand; Guos, Schenck, 148; Tsirub,
Schenck, 184, Schinz.
23. Z. pusilla (Walp. Repert. iii. 308) ; an annual herb, erect,
simple or nearly so, finely pilose with whitish hairs, 2-7 in. high ;
stem slender, leafy at the base ; upper internodes mostly longer than
the leaves ; branches ascending, not scape-like ; lower leaves ovate
or obovate, obtuse, narrowed into the petiole, sparingly glandular-
puberulous, entire, rather bright green above, somewhat paler beneath,
3-1 in. long, ;4—1 in. broad; petioles up to 4-} in. long; upper
leaves oblanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, attenuate towards the sub-
amplexicaul base, sessile, entire, 1-% in, long, g5-z'y in. broad;
floral leaves sublinear or oblanceolate, entire, obtuse, about } in.
long, nearly glabrous or shaggy beneath, exceeding the calyx and
adnate to it near the base; cymes subspicate, terminal, few- or
several-flowered, short or somewhat elongated, lax or with the upper
flowers approximate ; flowers about } in. long or less, yellow, on very
short pedicels; calyx shortly bilabiate, sparingly shaggy or puberu-
lous, 1-1 in. long; teeth 5, small, lanceolate, acute ; corolla-tube
6
filiform, nearly glabrous, sparingly and minutely glandular ; limb
spreading, about 1 in. in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, entire or
slightly emarginate, one of them marked with a golden line ; mouth
papillose-puberulous; stamens 4, one pair shortly exserted, anthers
of the other pair appearing at the corolla-mouth ; style exserted,
shortly exceeding the stamens ; capsule about { in. long. Nycterinia
pusilla, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371, and in DC.
Prodr. x. 350; not of Drége in Linnea, xx. 198. Buchnera
divaricata, Herb. Linn., partly, according to Benth. Il. ce.
Coast Region: Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley, Wolley Dod, 4002 - ;
WESTERN Region, between 1000 and 3600 ft. : Little Namaqualand ; hil 8 eo
Leos Poort, Schlechter, 11852! Vanrbynsdorp Div. ; between Holle — =
Mierenkasteel, below 1000 ft., Drége, 7904a! Karree Bergen, 15 ”
Schlechter, 8233 !
24. Z. peduncularis (Walp. Repert. iii, 308) ; an annual herb,
more or i pilose or it glabrous, 1}—9 in. high, fialgps or
ascending, leafy and branched at or near the base or simple ; stem
and branches rather slender and wiry, striate, leafless priate or
seape-like ; basal leaves elliptical or ovate, obtusely mee SY a
wedge-shaped at the base, nearly entire, bright green above, some-
what paler beneath, 2-1 in. long, 3-2 in- broad ; petioles up to
=-$ in. long; lower stem-leaves few, agit % eg
denticulate or subentire, 1-1 in. long, g's 1”- we » $08 a
subsessile ; floral-leaves lanceolate-oblong or sublinear, 0 _ sess e
adnate to the calyx and ciliate below, entire or with a ” sma
teeth, 3-2 in. long; flowers ochre-coloured, 3-1 in. long, few or
8 3
350 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
rather numerous, sessile or subsessile, arranged in dense capitate or
short and crowded terminal spikes which are occasionally interrupted
below ; calyx deeply bilabiate, 1 in. long, glabrous or puberulous;
teeth 5, very short, apiculate; corolla-tube slender, minutely
glandular-papillose ; mouth glandular-puberulous ; limb spreading,
41-1 in. in diam.; lobes obovate, entire; stamens 4, glabrous, one
pair shortly exserted, the other shortly included; style about
equalling the corolla-tube ; capsule 2 in. long, rigidly subcoriaceous.
Nycterinia peduncularis, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 371,
and in DC. Prodr. x. 350.
Coast Rearon, ascending to 2000 ft.: Bathurst Div.; near Theopolis,
Ecklon! Albany Div.; Fish River Heights, Hutton ! near Grahamstown, Mac-
Owan, 1251! and without precise locality, Zeyher !
CENTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; near Zuk River, Burchell, 1257!
Western Region, between 2000 and 3000 ft. : Little Namaqualand ; near
Klip Fontein, Bolus, Herb. Norm., 654! Modderfontein, Whitehead ! Hanzen-
kraals River, Drége, 7904b !
Bentham in Hook, J.c. mentions two varieties, a. hirsuta, and 8. glabriuscula,
the latter being represented by Drége, 79040.
25. Z. gilioides (Sehlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 182); an
annual herb, 2-72 in. high, with the habit of Z. peduncularis,
Walp. ; leaves approximate at or near the base of the stem, patent,
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, abruptly narrowed or
wedge-shaped at the base, entire or distantly denticulate, very thinly
puberulous or especially on the upper face glabrous, together with
the petiole 2-3 in. long, 1—,3, in. broad ; petiole ~,—1 in. long; stem
usually leafless, occasionally bearing very few distant pairs of sessile
smaller leaves ; spike abbreviated, 2-6-flowered ; bracts sessile, erect,
lanceolate or oblong-linear, pilose-ciliate along the lower half of the
margin, 4—} in. long; calyx subbilabiate, 1-1 in. long, hispidulous;
lips connate high up, membranous on the margin; upper lip shortly
3-lobulate ; the lower a little longer, shortly 2-lobulate ; corolla-tube
elongated, slender, cylindrical, thinly glandular-puberulous, $-1 1-
long, scarcely more than jin. in diam.; limb patent ; lobes obovate,
entire, obtuse, glabrous, sulphur-coloured, sometimes reddish, 5 1-
long, 2 of them a little shorter; throat glabrous; anthers 4, one palt
exserted, the other included within the corolla-tube; style filiform,
glabrous, as long as the corolla-tube or shortly exserted ; capsule
obliquely oblong, glabrous, as long as the calyx.
Coast REaion: Clanwilliam Diy.; Bidouw Berg, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 8681 !
Centrat Reaion: Middelburg Div.; Conway farm, 3600 ft., Gilfillan ™
Herb. Galpin, 5570! ‘
Perhaps only a variety of Z. pedwncularis,
26. Z. alpestris (Diels in Engl. Jahrb, xxiii, 480) ; a perennial
herb, shrubby at the base; stem erect or ascending, pubescent
12-14 in. high; internodes rather short; lowest leaves ovate,
3-3 in. long, erenate-serrate, ~,—} in. broad; the upper lineal, —
quite entire or few-toothed, somewhat glabrous, 2-1} in. long,
Zaluzianskya.] SCROPHULARIACER (Hiern). 351
zs—1z i. broad, sessile ; floral leaves ovate or obovate, pubescent,
not adnate to the calyx, 1-2 in, long, 1-1 in. broad ; spike rather
short, capitate, somewhat curved over during flowering ; calyx 1-2 in,
long, bipartite ; teeth 5, pubescent, zz-t in. long; corolla saffron-
yellow ; tube quite glabrous, 5 times as long as the calyx, }—% in,
long ; lobes subequal, about +1, in. long, entire ; stamens didynamous,
glabrous, one pair shortly exserted, the other shortly included ; style
shortly exserted.
KatawArt Reaion, between 7000 and 9000 ft. : Orange River Colony; Mont
aux Sources, Thode, 7! Caledon Pass, leading from Witzies Hoek into Basutoland,
Thode, 43!
27. Z. goseloides (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 480) ; a perennial
herb, shrubby at the base, leafy, pubescent all over, with the habit
of Gosela eckloniana, Choisy; stem erect or ascending, 12-16 in.
high ; internodes short; stem-leaves oblong, obtuse, scarcely
narrowed towards the base, sessile, obscurely few-toothed or
denticulate, 2-12 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, drying black ; floral
leaves broadly ovate, acute or apiculate or obtuse, amplexicaul, quite
entire, ciliate, not adnate to the calyx, 3-4 in. long, 2-2 in. broad ;
spike short or elongating, very densely capitate, eurved over during
flowering ; calyx 1_1 in. long, bipartite ; teeth 5, lanceolate, shaggy
on both sides, 2-2 in. long; corolla orange-yellow; tube quite
glabrous, 1-12 in. long, of even breadth throughout ; lobes subequal,
short, entire, 1-1 in. long ; stamens didynamous ; filaments of fertile
pair ;+; in. long, those of the barren pair 3 in. long; style nearly
12 in. long.
Katanart Reaion: Orange River Colony; at the foot and close to the
summit of Mont aux Sources, 6800-9300 ft., Thode, 44! Flanagan, pty ‘
Eastern Region: Griqualand Rast; Ingeli Mountains, Tyson, 1323! eh
in the valley of the Injasuti (Little Tegula) River, 5900-6900 ft. Thode, 70!
28. Z. Flanagani (Hiern); a rigid herb, | shrubby below,
apparently perennial, 10 in. high or more, with loose whitish
pubescence above; stems or branches subvirgate, reddish-purple,
leafy; leaves oval, ovate or obovate, obtuse or rounded, wedge-shaped
at the base, thickly herbaceous, yellowish-green on vot faces,
incise-crenate, pubescent above and along the margin, nearly g abrous
beneath, petiolate, 1-1 in. long, {—} 10. broad, the lower Spree
with longer internodes, the rest alternate with shorter coat ;
petioles up to + in. long ; spikes terminal, dense, _ — ;
about 13 in. long and bent horizontally in flower ; bracts = -0 ong,
obtuse, shortly and closely pubescent on the back — ong _
Margin, less densely so within, adpressed to but scarcely a ~
except at the base to the calyx, somewhat concave, very marrow y
scarious along margin, entire or nearly so, {~} in. long, vo $ “a
broad ; flowers about 2 in. long ; calyx ovoid, loose, scarcely in ted,
bilabiate half-way down, + in. long, yz in. broad, puberulous ; —
5, oval or ovate, obtuse, entire, about ;!; in. long ; corolla-tube rather
352 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
slender, gradually and slightly dilated upwards, glabrous, minutely
and inconspicuously glandular-papillose, straight or bent about the
top of the calyx, in. long; limb spreading, about + in. in diam. ;
segments 5, oval, rounded, entire, ;';—j'5 in. long; stamens 4,
glabrous, shortly exserted, all perfect; style filiform, slightly
exceeding the stamens and curved down at the apex to meet the
anthers, glabrous.
Karanart Region: Orange River Colony; summit of Mont aux Sources,
9500 ft., Flanagan, 2036 !
29. Z. Bolusii (Hiern) ; an annual herb, ereet, pilose with whitish
spreading soft hairs, 5-11 in. high, branched at and near the base or
nearly simple, leafy ; stem wiry ; branches divaricate, ascending, wiry ;
leaves linear or nearly so, obtuse, more or less tapering to the base,
entire or with a few small teeth, rather rigid and not drying very
black, sessile or the lower shortly petiolate, 1-1 in. long, 34-5 in.
broad, often quasi-fasciculate with short axillary leafy shoots ; floral
leaves sublinear, obtuse, about 2-1 in. long, pilose, ciliate, below
adnate to the calyx; spikes short, dense, many-flowered, terminal,
erect, straight ; flowers 3-2 in. long; calyx linear-oblong, shortly
bilabiate, 1 in. long; tube rather loose but not inflated, finely pilose,
glandular-puberulous ; teeth 5, lanceolate or triangular, small, pilose ;
corolla-tube filiform, glandular-puberulous outside, yellowish vf
1-8 in, long, a little dilated near the apex ; mouth sparingly pilose ;
stamens 2, glabrous, included or nearly so; filaments filiform,
glabrous ; style about equalling the corolla; capsule ovoid-oblong,
obtuse, 1 in. long. :
CEentRAL Reaion: Calvinia Div. ; Great Bushmans Land, at Wortel, Maw
Schlechter, 109! :
haa Reaion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karee Bergen, 1500 ft., Schlechter,
80. Z. diandra (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 482); an annual
herb, with spreading loose whitish pubescence, branched from the
base, erect, 3-6 in. high; branches ascending, leafy at the base,
rather slender and wiry; middle internodes long; lower leaves
crowded, obovate, oblanceolate or oblong, obtuse, wedge-shaped at
the base, 3-1 in. long, 3-1 in. broad ; petiole }—} in. long, ciliate ;
entire or repand; upper leaves few, smaller, opposite or alternate,
narrower; floral leaves obovate or oblanceolate-oblong, obtusely
narrowed or nearly rounded at the apex, sessile, below adnate to the
calyx, densely bearded-ciliate below with white spreading hairs,
s-s In. long, y5-§ in. broad; spikes short, dense, many-flowered,
terminal, erect, straight; flowers nearly } in. long; calyx oblong,
loose, hyaline, tin. long, shortly bilabiate ; teeth 5, small, lanceolate,
acute, strongly ciliate ; corolla-tube glabrous, about $ in. long, slender,
pallid, transparent below, slender, straight or nearly so ; limb dark-
orange, spreading, 1-1 in. in diam., glabrous; segments 5, oval oF
oblong, about 1; in. long, obtuse, entire ; throat glabrous or nearly 805 —
E
'
dca lass
Zaluzianskya.| SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 353
stamens 2, glabrous; filaments filiform, short, inserted at the corolla-
mouth; anthers exserted, comparatively large, 3';—;'5 in. long ; style
filiform, glabrous, shortly exserted.
Centra Reaction: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
Western Recion : Little Bushmanland; Kraiwater, Max Schlechter, 88!
31. Z. ramosa (Schinz ms. in Pl. Schlechter, n. 968); an annual
herb, erect, branched, wiry, shortly and softly pubescent, drying
dusky-grey, 3-6 in. high; stem and_ branches rather slender ;
branches opposite or alternate, divaricate, ascending, leafy ; leaves
opposite or alternate or quasi-fasciculate with abbreviated axillary
leafy branehlets, sublinear, narrowly oval or elliptical, obtuse, some-
what narrowed towards the sessile base, entire or repand, 5~$ in. long,
zg—t in. broad ; floral leaves lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, sessile, entire,
about 2 in. long, shortly pubescent outside, below adhering to the
calyx; spikes dense, shortly oblong, many-flowered, erect, straight ;
calyx oblong, deeply bilabiate, $ in. long, pubescent ; teeth 5, ciliate,
lanceolate, acute; corolla-tube glandular-puberulous outside, slender,
filiform, 2—8 in. long ; throat glabrous or nearly so ; limb spreading,
1-1 in. in diam. ; segments 5, obovate, entire; stamens 2, glabrous ;
filaments filiform, short, inserted near the top of the corolla-tube ;
anthers oblong, partly exserted ; capsule oval-oblong, +—} in. long.
Coast Raion: Cape Div, ; shore near Hout Bay, 100 ft. Schlechter, 968 !
32, Z. nemesioides (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 482); a herb
about 12 in, high, viscid-pubescent, branched ; lowest leaves ovate,
somewhat acute, obsoletely dentate, } in. long, 5} in. broad ;
petioles 2 in. long; upper leaves lanceolate, subsessile, ae
revolute along the margins ; peduneles leafy, 1- or hay be ;
3-1 in. long; floral leaves adnate to the calyx, 4 I. long; ca he
membranous, shortly bilabiate, 1—} in. long; corolla-tube scarcely
exserted, 1—1 in. long, tolerably broad ; limb plainly bilabiate ; a
lip 4-cleft, 2 middle lobes more highly connate than the others, the
4 lobes 2 in. long by ~y-7s in. broad; lower lip entire, ae
1 in, long by 1,1, in. broad; throat pilose ; posterior pait ¥
filaments 51, in. long, inserted on the corolla-tube, with their aan
somewhat prominent from the throat and about on a level with t ‘
apex of the style; the anterior pair represented only by sma
tudiments.
Centra Reeion: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.
sak . Nat.
Lyperia diandra, E. Meyer, Hort. Regimont. Seminif. sig 4 — poe ert
8ér. 3, xi, 254, is unknown to me;_it is said to have only 2 § rt oe tle
gibbosity on the corolla to be bearded within ; it might be compa
Species and also with Lyperia tristis, Benth.
Imperfectly known Species.
: ial:
33. Erinus pulchellus (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 20); not perenniat ,
stem shrubby, fe terat fa asta ; leaves opposite, ane" obtuse,
VOL. 1V.—sEoT. II.
354 SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). [Zaluzianskya.
sessile, somewhat sheathing, subpilose, but little dentate ; spike
terminal, imbricate ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, sessile, ciliate, longer
than the ealyx ; calyx campanulate, 5-partite, persistent, } in. long;
segments linear, acute; corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, orange-
coloured, 12 in. long ; limb equally 5-lobed ; lobes oblong, obcordate,
1 in. long ; anthers.2, half-exserted,
Sours AFrica: without locality, Jarosz.
XXVI. MIMULUS, Linn.
Calyx tubular, pentagonal, 5-toothed ; lobes somewhat unequal.
Corolla tubular, ringent ; tube cylindrical below, not or but little
dilated above; limb bilabiate ; posterior lip exterior in bud, bilobed,
erect or spreading; anterior lip trilobed, spreading, usually marked
with two protuberances in the throat; all the lobes nearly equal,
broad, rounded. Stamens 4, didynamous, all fertile, inserted near
the base of the corolla-tube, included or exserted under the posterior
lip; filaments filiform ; anthers 2-celled; cells at length confluent
at the apex. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform, usually bilobed at the
apex; ovules numerous. Capsule oblong or sublinear, bivalved,
loculicidal ; valves entire or rarely bifid. Seeds small, numerous,
irregularly oval-prismatic, nearly smooth.
Decumbent or erect herbs, glabrous, pilose or viscid; leaves opposite, simple,
entire or dentate; flowers axillary and solitary or arranged in terminal leafy
racemes; peduncles ebracteate.
DistriB. Species about 60, principally found in extra-tropical America.
1
% I. long ; peduncles rather slender, mostly 1-11 in. long; calyx
about 3+ in. long in flower, 1—2 in. long in fruit; teeth short,
delicately spotted with yellow; capsule oval, about } in. long.
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 236. ;
Coast Region: Albany Div.; Newyears River, MacOwan ! King Williams: —
town Div.; by the Kachu (Yellowwood) River, Drége, 4022! Queenstown Div.5
Shiloh, Baur, 824! Ecklon! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Scully, Sit:
British Kaffraria, Cooper, 355 ! ee
Mimulus. | SCROPHULARTACEH (Hiern). 355
Centrat REGION: Somerset Diy. ; near Somerset Hast, MacOwan, 1501 !
Bowker! Graaff Reinet Div.; Cave Mountain, Bolus, 529! Albert Div. ;
Molteno, Kuntze !
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 896! 2864! Barrett
Hamilton! Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5983! near Lydenburg, Wilms,
1085 !
EAstERN ReEGion: Natal; Mohlamba Range, Sutherland! Umhlanga,
Wood, 1866! Weenen County, Wood in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1506!
between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2176! Ladysmith, Kuntze.
Also in Tropical Africa, India and Australia.
XXVII. MONIERA, B. Juss.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments erect, imbricate in bud, back one the
broadest, lateral ones innermost and narrow. Uorolla shortly
tubular ; tube cylindrical ; limb subbilabiate, spreading ; posterior lip
exterior in bud, emarginate or bilobed ; anterior lip 3-lobed ; all the
lobes equal or the two posterior connate higher than the other
three. Stamens 4, didynamous, included within the corolla-tube ;
filaments filiform, inserted on the corolla-tube, not toothed ; anthers
all fertile, 2-celled ; cells distinct, contiguous, parallel or divaricate
or finally confluent. Ovary 2-celled; ovules numerous; style
dilated at the apex, concave or slightly bilobed. Capsules globose
or ovoid, bisulcate, bivalved, loculieidal ; valves bifid or bipartite.
Seeds numerous, usually striate and transversely reticulate.
Herbs usually glabrous; leaves opposite; flowers axillary and solitary or some-
times arranged in terminal leafy racemes.
DistrrB. Species about 50, chiefly tropical American.
1. M. cuneifolia (Michaux, Fl. Bor. Amer. ii. 22, Monniera) ;
a prostrate, creeping or decumbent herb, glabrous, leafy, small;
leaves obovate-cuneiform or oblong, rounded at the apex, more or
less narrowed at the base, rather thick, subsessile, + in. long,
tsi in. broad, entire or crenate ; flowers axillary, solitary, few,
about 1 in, long; peduncles equalling the leaves or longer or
shorter, bibracteolate near the top; calyx about ; in. long in flower,
i in. long in fruit; corolla pale blue or nearly white ; oe
ti in. long. Gratiola Monnieria, Linn. Cent. Pl. ii. n. 20 ;
Amen, Acad. iv. 306. Monniera Brownei and M, africana, Pers.
Syn. ii. 166. Herpestis crenata, Beauv. Fi. Owar. ii. 83, t. ‘112.
H, cuneifolia, Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. ii. 418. H, Monnieria,
Humb. Bonpl. § Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. Pl. ii. 366; Harv. Gen.
S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 268; Benth. in Hook. Oomp. Bot. Mag. ii. 58,
and in DC, Prodr. x. 400 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2557. H. aft ricana, hey
Nomenel. Bot. ed. i. 402. H. pedunculosa, Steud, lc. ed. il. 753.
Bacopa Monniera, Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 77.
Soura Arrica: without locality, Drége, 5349! : :
KaAtanartr Bacio ; Griguillana West, Herbert Div.; St. Clair, Douglas,
Orpen, 6!
Aa?
356 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern).
XXVIII. LIMOSELLA, Linn.
Calyx thin, campanulate or obconical, shortly 5- or rarely 4-
dentate, persistent, strongly or feebly 5-nerved. Corolla mem-
branous, campanulate or subrotate ; limb 5-cleft, spreading; lobes
subequal, ovate, oblong or rounded ; imbricate in bud. Stamens 4,
didynamous or rarely 2 only (?), glabrous, all perfect ; filaments
filiform, terete, inserted on the eorolla-tube; anthers short, sub-
globose, appearing about the mouth of the corolla-tube or shortly
exserted, cells confluent. Ovary shortly 2-celled at the base ; style
short or rather long, subfiliform, about equalling the corolla-tube,
often eccentric or oblique, subcapitate at the stigmatic apex, glabrous ;
ovules numerous. Fruit subglobose or spheroidal, almost indehiscent
or at length dehiscent with the valves parallel to the very delicate
placentiferous imperfect septum; periearp thin, tough. Seeds
numerous, small, ovoid or oblong-suleate, striate, rugulose.
Herbs, cxspitose and usually creeping, glabrous, small, sometimes diminutive
or occasionally moderate in size, acaulescent or with stolon-like stems rooting at
the nodes or rarely caulescent, marsh or aquatic; leaves usually all radical or
some of them fasciculate at the nodes, rarely alternate on elongated prostrate
stems or branches; flowers small or not large, white pale-rosy or blueish,
inserted among the leaves on scape-like peduncles or subsessile,
Distris. Besides the following there is an Australian species described and
some other forms regarded as distinct species by authors. The following five
species, having been considered mutually distinct by many botanists, and nam
as such, I have provisionally treated them in that sense, although it seems that
they might properly be all regarded as varieties or forms of the original /.
aquatica, Linn.; I have failed to find valid characters to distinguish them
absolutely even as varieties. The following key is drawn up with the view of
facilitating the recognition of the published forms.
Corolla-lobes shorter than the calyx:
Calyx not strongly nerved :
Leaf-blade not exceeding ? in. long, usually
obtuse at the base or very narrow through-
Ob 3, ae oe ee Be ... (1) aquatica.
Leaf-blade 3-14 in. long, attenuate at the
base, not very narrow above... ... (2) maior.
Calyx strongly 5-nerved ... : ... (3) longiflora.
Corolla-lobes as long as or longer than the calyx :
Corolla-limb 4-4 in. in diam. ; leaf-blade as-3 in.
ee ee we ae Ee) eee
oo emeupeed 3-4 in. in diam. ; leaf-blade 4-13 i
ong ove coe E
ek. akon ar (8) graaklien
Limosella diandra, Linn. Mant. ii. 252 was founded on a ver specimen
. eas, y poor speci
supposed to have occurred at the Cape, which Bentham in DC. Prodr. x. 426
treated as a doubtful variety, minima, of Glossostigma spathulatum, Arm; *
synonym is Peplidium capense, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 43; Thunberg, Fl. Cap.
ed. Schult. 480, regarded Linneus’s plant as identical with his Limosella
capensis.
1. L. aquatica (Linn, Sp. Pl. ed. i. 631); an annual aquatic oF
marsh herb, czspitose, with or without stolons ; root fibrous; leaves
crowded, numerous, smooth, shining; blades erect, suberect T
Timosella. | SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 357
floating, oval, oblong, oblanceolate or spathulate, rounded or obtuse
more or less obtusely contracted or the narrower ones attenuate at
the base, usually 3-nerved, entire, firmly herbaceous or somewhat
suceulent, 1—% in. long, 4-2 in. broad; petiole longer than the
puis, erect or ascending, 1-4 in. long, terete or a little compressed,
qo in. broad or less, the outer membranously dilated, somewhat
sheathing and rooting at the base; radical fibres whitish, compressed,
flaccid ; stems obsolete or stoloniform; scapes or peduncles 1-
flowered, radical, axillary, terete, usually shorter than the leaves and
numerous or several, 1-1 in. long, slender, ebracteate, at first erect
or suberect, in fruit often recurving; calyx campanulate or cup-
shaped, ;!;—'; in. long, shortly 5-lobed, not strongly nerved, burst-
ing down irregularly in fruit; teeth broader than long, minutely
apiculate ; corolla campanulate, lilac, white or pale rosy, nearly
regular ; tube about equalling that of the calyx ; lobes spreading,
ovate-oblong, flat, obtuse or rounded, =; in. long; stamens 4,
inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube, subexserted ; style
eccentric, short; capsule subglobose or spheroidal, 3'5~5 in. long,
qs—i5 in. broad. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 426; Nees, Gen. Pl.
fl. Germ. v. 37; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. xx. t. 1728. gy; 43
Wettstein in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 78, Jig. 35. L.
palustris, Linn. Mant. alt. 252 (under L. diandra). L. plantaginis-
folio, J. B, Gilib. Fl. Lituan. i, 122. L, diandra, Krocker, Fi.
Siles. ii. 406, t. 27, fig. B; not of Linn. Danubiunculus acaulis,
Sailer, Linzer Zeitung, 12 Sept. 1845. L. annua, Benth., l.c., 427
(under L. aquatica).
334) ; usually without stolons ;
mpressed, obtuse, above without
d membranously dilated at the
Soc. vi. 19; Hiern in Journ.
Var. 8, tenuifolia (Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. ii.
leaves subcylindrical-filiform, terete or a little co
dilated blade, the outer somewhat sheathing an
base, 4-33 in. long. Hook. f. in Journ. Linn.
Bot. 1901, 336.
Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ;
7957! Varsche Vley, Wolley Dod, 3647! Var. 8: Albany Di
River, Burchell, 4203! Queenstown Div. ; Mount Hope farm,
Kei, 5000 ft., Galpin, 2679!
Katanart Recion: ‘Transvaal; Johannesburg, Rand, 719! VaR. B: Orange
River Colony ; top of Quaqua Mountain, Witzies Hoek, Thode! near Vredefort
Road, Barrett-Hamilton / and without precise locality, Cooper, 724! Transvaal ;
Lake Chrissie, Wilms, 1076! Trigards Fontein, Rehmann, 6674! near Pretoria,
Kirk! near Bronkhurst River, Wilms, 1543 !
Eastern Recion: Natal; Durban, Gerrard 5 McKen, 2071! Var. B:
- Griqualand East; near Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4231! Natal;
Mooi River, 4000 ft., Wood, 4112! mear Greytown, Wilms, 3177! by the
a Waterfall, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 3316! near Charlestown, Wood,
f Both the type and the variety are widely distributed
ormer is comparatively rare in this Flora.
near Kenilworth race-course, 60 ft., Bolus,
v. ; Bushmans
Upper Zwart
over the world, but the
2. L. maior (Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 122) ; a marsh herb,
e, not or sometimes
minutely glandular, apparently annual, caespitos
stoloniferous, 1-6 in. ols root fibrous ; leaves spathulate-oblong or
spathulate, radical, crowded, usually ovate and pointed or apiculate
358 SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). [ Limosella.
or narrowed at the apex, attenuate below, erect; blade usually
5-nerved, entire, 11+ in. long, ;4,—-2 in. broad, broadest about the
middle ; petioles }—4 in. long, rather robust, erect ; scapes {-2} In.
long, rather slender, erect in flower, decurved in fruit; flowers lilac-
white or blueish-white; calyx oblong-campanulate, }—4 in. long,
shortly 5-lobed; teeth deltoid-ovate, jj; in. long; corolla-tube
about equalling the calyx; limb scarcely or very shortly exserted,
about 1 in. in diam. ; lobes ovate-rounded, about /; in. long, thinly —
hairy within ; stamens 4, shortly exserted ; capsule slightly exceeding
or about equalling the calyx, 1-1 in. long, 3!,-yJ5 in. broad; style
about equalling the longer pair of stamens or very slightly exceeding
them, gently arching. Of. L. aquatica, var. alismoides, Welw. e
Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 766.
Coast Region: British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton!
Katanari ReGion: Transvaal; Aapies River, near Pretoria, Burke! Zeyher,
1273! Wilms, 977! Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, Gilfillan im en
Galpin, 6226! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5988! near Lydenburg, Schlechter, 3934!
EASTERN REGION, between 4000 and 6000 ft.: Griqualand East; near
Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4229! Natal; near Charlestown, Wood,
4800 ! Mooi River, Wood, 3586! near Umkomaas, Wood, 4595 !
Also in Tropical Africa.
8. L. longiflora (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 235); 4
cspitose herb, nearly glabrous, minutely glandular, about 2 in. high,
stoloniferous ; leaves filiform or somewhat spathulate towards the
obtuse apex, somewhat dilated at the base, entire, 1-2 in. long, UP
to #5 in. broad, erect or somewhat spreading ; peduncles erect in
flower, soon afterwards bent down about the middle, filiform, about
as long as the leaves ; calyx campanulate-funnel-shaped, ;'s—1z ™
long, strongly 5-nerved, shortly 5-cleft; teeth deltoid, erect, acute or
apiculate ; corolla blue, up to + in. long, 2 or 8 times the length of
the calyx, 5-lobed ; lobes erect, broadly ovate, rounded, several times
shorter than the funnel-shaped tube; stamens 4, included within the
corolla-tube ; style filiform, somewhat flexuous, about ; in. long,
minutely pilose; capsule small, included within the calyx-tube,
apparently barren on the specimen seen.
EasteRN Recon: Natal; Van Reenens Pass, 6000 ft., Kuntze, 108!
Stated to be remarkable in consequence of the comparatively strong nerves on
the calyx and for the long (not rotate) shape of the corolla.
4. L. capensis (Thunb. Prodr. 104) ; an annual aquatic or marsh
herb, cespitose, with or without stolons; root fibrous; leaves usually
radical and crowded, sqmetimes cauline, somewhat succulent, erect OF
the blade floating, usually on long petioles; blade oval, narrowly
elliptical, oblong or sublinear, usually obtuse or rounded, sometimes
pointed, obtuse, rounded or attenuate at the base, entire, ae
long, ;4-1 in. broad, oceasionally longer; petioles erect, ¢~*. pe
long or even longer, filiform; scapes or peduneles 1-flowered, rade"
or axillary, slender, nearly equalling or shorter than the leaves; —
Limosella. } SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern). 359
sometimes very short, in some forms up to 2 in. long, at first erect
or ascending, in fruit spreading or bent downwards ; calyx cam-
panulate or obconical, somewhat inflated in fruit, shortly 5-lobed,
js-qs in. long in flower, ,—} in. long in fruit ; teeth broadly ovate 5
corolla-tube about equalling the calyx ; limb rotate, lin. in diam. ;
lobes ovate-rounded, entire, about as long as the tube, white and
hairy within, purplish or pale blue with a white border outside ;
stamens 4, glabrous; filaments inserted within the corolla-throat,
short; anthers pale blue; style 5 in. long, about equalling the
corolla, white; stigma yellowish; capsule globose or spheroidal,
glabrous, very delicately bisulcate, 1-celled, ;!;—7s in. Jong, 3’5—¢ 1.
broad, at length bursting the calyx; seeds numerous, irregularly
oblong or ovoid, obtusely angular, tubercular-papillose, glabrous.
Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 480; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 427 ;
Benth. in. Pl. Drége, n. 493a, not nn. 493b, 493c. ; Drege, Zwei
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 103, not 56, 120; Krauss wm Flora, 1844,
833; O. Kuntee, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 235. L. coorulea, Bureh.
Trav. S. Afr. i. 259, note.
Coast Rearon, ascending to 3000 ft. : Malmesbury Div. ; 4w ;
498a! Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Wright, 461! near Cape Town, Thunberg!
Harvey, 584! Wolley Dod, 1837! Wallich ! Riversdale Div.; near Kafferkuils
River, Thunberg! Swellendam Div.; near the Buffeljagts River, Krauss, 1252.
Uitenhage Div. ; at the base of the Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss, 1646. Fort
Beaufort Div. ; Cooper, 536! Queenstown Div. ; Shiloh, Bawr, 766 ! ‘a
Cenrrat Reeiox: Sutherland Div.; near Sutherland, Burchell, 1841/"!
Albert Div.; Albert, with some large-flowered forms perhaps of L. grandiflora,
Cooper, 1390! near Molteno, Flanagan, 1623! Kuntze. Middleburg Div.'; near
the banks of the Buffels Valley River, Burchell, 2793 ! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near
Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 36! Compass Berg, Shaw ! ete
Western Recion: Great Namaqualan P cag? Li I
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony ! Sand River hills, Burke fae anit
1274! near Zaai Hoek, Thode! near Vredefort Road, Barrett-Hami !
Transvaal ; between Porter and ‘Irigards Fontein, Rekmann, 6628! Herb. Wood.
Panam Region : Griqualand East ; Vaal Bank, Haygarth wm Herd. —
27!
Also in Tropical Africa.
5. L. grandiflora: (Benth. in. DO: Prodrs x. 487); ® marsh or
floating nei eee annual, ceespitose, with or without getige
root fibrous; leaves radical and crowded or in some forms of the
plant cauline and alternate, erect or suberect or the blade wari on
ae petioles ; blade oval or oblong, Sopa : - apex, rounded or
wedge-shaped at the base, entire, j-l¢ ID. (00S:
petioles 15 in. long, robust or slender; scapes OF peduneles radical
i axillary, moderately robust or slender, about equa
an the leaves, up to 33 in. long, or in some ?
or ascending or i frnit” eurving ; calyx campanulate-funne!-shapi
3-} in. long, shortly 5-lobed, glabrous ; teeth broadly ae int
pointed ; corolla-tube about. equalling the calyx, fect =e
patent, regular, white or lilac, hairy within, 4-} In. 1n a
obovate-rounded, entire; stamens 4, glabrous ; filamen
within the throat of the corolla, short ; anthers pale blue, shortly
360 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern), [ Limosella.
exserted ; style subglabrous, #; in. long; fruit spheroidal, about
% in. long by + in. broad. L. capensis, Benth. in Pl. Drége, nn.
493b, 493c, not n. 493a; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 56,
120, not 103, nor of Thunberg. L. natans, Spreng ex Drége in Linnea,
xx. 199; Schlecht. in Bot. Zeit. 1854, 918.
Coast Recion, ascending to 6100 ft. : Queenstown Div. ; summit of Andries
Bergen, near Bailey, Galpin, 1923! Riversdale Div.; Zuurbraak, Galpin,
4390! near Karmelks River, Drége, 4930 ! Uitenhage Div.; at Gerts Kraal, on
the Karoo, Alexander! Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3495! Bathurst Div.; near
Port Alfred, Burchell, 4016! Komgha Div.; near Komgha, Flanagan, 1291!
British Kaffraria, Hangmans Bush, Cooper, 205!
CentRaL Recion: Richmond Div. ; Uitvlugt, near Styl Kloof, 4000-5000
ft., Drége, 493c!
Katauwart Region: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Griqua Town; Burchell,
1924! Ongeluk, Burchell, 2644! Orange River Colony ; Kanon Fontein,
Rehmann, 3553; Vredefort Road, Barrett-Hamilton! Transvaal ; Vaal River,
near Kloete, Wilms, 1078a! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1078!
Eastern ReGion: Natal; Maritzburg, Rehmann, 7536! near Newcastle,
Wilms, 2158!
XXIX. CRATEROSTIGMA, Hochst.
Calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, 3-dentate ; teeth short, erect, nearly
equal. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, about equalling the ealyx; limb
wide, bilabiate ; posterior lip erect, coneave, entire or emarginate,
exterior ; anterior lip spreading, large, biconvex and often bearded at
the base, 3-lobed ; lobes nearly equal, broad. Stamens 4, didynamous,
all perfeet; filaments of the posterior pair short, those of the
anterior pair long, exserted, inserted by side of the two convexities
of the corolla, more or less dilated towards the base and there
sharply bent, kneed or appendaged; anthers approximating oF
cohering by pairs, 2-celled ; cells diverging. . Ovary ovoid, glabrous,
2-celled ; style filiform, exserted, dilated and very shortly bilamellate
at the somewhat cup-shaped apex ; ovules numerous. Capsule oval
or oblong, about equalling the ealyx, septicidal. Seeds numerous,
very small, ellipsoidal or subglobose, tubercular-rugulose.
Small herbs, acaulescent or cauline, perennial; radical leaves
rosulate, the cauline opposite, all entire or nearly so; flowers
Tacemosé or spicate or rarely solitary.
DistRiB. Species about 12, the others in Tropical Africa.
Dwarf, 1-4 in, high 5 anthers glabrous :
lowers spicate ; pedicels +; in. long or less :
anterior filaments appendaged vs we (1) nanum.
lowers racemose ; pedicels mostly 4-3 in. long;
anterior filaments not or scarcely appen-
CRORE Fa er el ce eee (2) plantagineum. |
Taller, 23-12 in, high ; anthers pilose on the edges
Whe back PTW Sill oid lapis .. (3) Wilmsii.
1. C. nanum (Engl. Pf, Ost-Afr. C. 357); a dwarf herb, pilose-
pubescent, perennial, 1-3 in, high, stemless, leafy at the base, with
Craterostigma.] | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 361
the habit of a Plantago ; scapes erect or ascending, firm; leaves
radical, rosulate, numerous, ovate or oval, obtuse, narrowed at the
base, about 3-nerved, entire or repand, rather thick, glabrous above or
nearly so, pilose-pubescent beneath, ciliate, }-1 in. long, }—$ in.
broad ; petioles broad, short or up to in. long; flowers spicate,
several, 11 in. long, subsessile or very shortly pedicillate ; pedicels
zy in. long or less, bracteate at the base ; bracts ovate, obtuse, sessile,
concave, foliaceous, covering the calyx-tube, finely pilose on the back,
glabrous within, ciliate, 1-8 in. long, lower bracts opposite or sub-
opposite, often empty; spikes dense at least above, 1-1} in. long;
calyx about 1 in. long, shortly 5-dentate, finely pilose or glabrous
exeept on the ribs and teeth; teeth ovate-deltoid, about ;'; in. long,
subequal ; corolla glabrous, white and purplish ; appendages of the
anterior pair of filaments club-shaped ; anthers glabrous. Uvedalia
nana, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 151, 228. Torenia
nana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 412.
Eastern Rucion, between 1000 and 2500 ft. : Pondoland ; between St.
Johns River and Umtsikaba River, Drége, 2175! Engocazi hills near Umtata,
Bolus, 8761!
Also in Tropical Africa.
2. C. plantagineum (Hochst. in Flora, 1841, 669); a low herb,
more or less pubescent, perennial, 134 in. high, with the habit of a
Primula or Plantago, stemless ; leaves radieal, rosulate, broadly
oval, rounded or very obtuse, usually abruptly narrowed at the
shortly petiolate base, many-nerved, rather fleshy, rigid, thick,
glabrous above or nearly so, more or less densely hispid-pubescent
beneath and along the margin, entire or repand, $-1} in. long,
3-1 in. broad or larger; petiole broad, pubescent, {—y 10. jong, or
more, sometimes bright scarlet ; scapes ereet or ascending, several or
solitary, tetragonal, pubescent ; flowers racemose or subcorymbose,
pedicellate, about 1-1 in. long, several or rather numerous ; pedicels
mostly 12 in. long, pubescent, bracteate at the base ; bracts ie
sessile, concave, often apiculate, pubescent along the middle of the
back and on the margins, mostly 4-3 in. long ; calyx 3-4 In. long,
green, 5-dentate, pubescent at least along the ribs; teeth deltoid-
ovate, pointed, about 1; in. long, subequal ; corolla glabrous 6 sie
nearly so, white with a yellowish lip and violet-coloured et,
glandular-pulverulent on the gibbosities; filaments of the —
pair of stamens slightly dilated and sharply bent near the berms -
or scarcely appendaged; anthers glabrous. Yorena plantaginea,
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 411.
Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5980! Pilgrims Rest,
Greenstock ! South African Gold-tields, Baines !
Also in Tropical Africa.
8. C. Wilmsii (Engl. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 122); an
. ats i tly
erect herb, pilose with short spreading whitish hairs, apparen
_ perennial, Dt-19 in. high, with the habit of some species of Primula ;
362 SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). [ Craterostagma.
stems rather slender, rigid, scape-like, simple, usually solitary,
densely leafy at the base, sparingly leafy above; radical leaves
rosulate, obovate or spathulate, rounded or obtuse, narrowed towards
the base, thick, fleshy, glabrous above or nearly so, finely pilose
beneath and on the margin, entire, 1-1 in. long, +} in. broad,
not conspicuously nerved; petioles broad, 1—% in. long ; stem-leaves
opposite, few, distant, oblong or oval, obtuse, sessile or subsessile,
1-1 in, long; flowers several, racemose, 3-15 on the scape, —; In.
long; pedicels 1-1 in. long, bracteate at the base, pilose; bracts
like the stem-leaves but rather smaller and alternate; inflorescence
86 in, long ; calyx about 1-1 in. long in flower, rather longer m
fruit, more or less pilose, turbinate-oblong, shortly 5-toothed ; teeth
triangular, pointed, ~~}, in. long; corolla glabrous outside,
pubescent within the throat ; upper lip and bottom of the lower lip
white, the rest of the lower lip bright pink with two yellow spots
at the base on each side of the middle lobe ; filaments of the anterior
stamens much thickened and kneed about the base; anthers pilose
on the edges and back; capsules oval, somewhat compressed, % 1n.
long. C. nanum, var. elatior, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xv. 63, t.
1479. See Wilms in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 1x. p. xix.
Katanari Reeion, between 4000 and 6000 ft.: Orange River Colony ;
Elands River Valley, at the foot of Mont-aux-Sources, Bolus, 8230! Transvaal ;
at Macmac, Mudd! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5979! near Donker Hoek,
Schlechter, 3712! Hells Gate, Wilms, 1047! trip to Johannesburg, Mrs. EK.
Saunders, 11!
XXX. TORENIA, Linn.
Calyx tubular ; tube longitudinally ribbed and winged, 5-toothed
at the apex, bilabiate. Corolla-tube subcylindrical ; limb bilabiate ;
posterior lip exterior in bud, erect, concave, bilobed ; anterior lip
interior in bud, somewhat spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didyna-
mous, all perfect; filaments filiform, inserted about the top of
the corolla-tube, those of the anterior pair longer than the others,
arched, and connivent under the posterior corolla-lip ; anthers closely
approximated in pairs, 2-celled; eells diverging and usually confluent
at the apex. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, somewhat bilamellate
at the apex, the laminw stigmatose on the inner sides; ovules
numerous. Capsules oblong or oval, septicidal, 2-valved, not
exceeding the slightly enlarged calyx; valvesthin. Seeds numerous,
minutely tuberculate or rugose.
Herbs with mostly opposite leaves and flowers arranged in terminal racemes.
DistRis. Species about 20, distributed over the tropical and warmer regions
of the world. :
-
1. T. spicata (Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 502, t. 7, fig. G—M.); an erect
herb, glabrous or very nearly so, minutely glandular-papillose, —
Torenia. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 363
shining, grass-green, strict, simple or sparingly trichotomous, about
2 in. high ; root simple; stem and branches sharply tetragonal,
almost winged in the dry state, leafy, pale green ; leaves opposite
or the uppermost alternate, the radical or lowest pair spathulate,
shortly petiolate, repand, about 1 in. long; upper cauline leaves
narrowly elliptical, lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse, somewhat
narrowed to the sessile connate base, sparingly denticulate, moderately
thick, longer than the internodes, $-% in. long, 75-5 in. broad ;
flowers racemose or the lower leaf-opposed, about % in. long ;
racemes terminal, about 1 in. long; pedicels 34~-7'5 in. long, bracteate
at the base ; bracts subulate, about ;'; in. long; calyx about + in.
long in flower, } in. long in fruit, erect, shortly 5-lobed, bilabiate,
in fruit bipartite ; tube 5-ribbed; ribs mostly winged ; upper lip
3-toothed, lower 2-toothed; teeth small, lanceolate and acute;
stamens all antheriferous and perfect ; capsules ovoid-oval, 2 in.
long, =, in. broad. T. inequalifolia, Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 502 ;
12
Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 762.
Katauart Region: Transvaal; Manaka, 2700 ft., Schlechter, 4641!
_ This locality is in Tropical Transvaal, but the plant probably occurs within the
limits of this Flora, and is therefore included.
XXXI. ILYSANTHES, Rafin.
Calyx tubular, more or less turbinate at the base, 5-dentate,
d-cleft or 5-partite, not very strongly 5-costate nor winged on the
ribs ; teeth or lobes slightly or scarcely imbricate in bud. Corolla-
tube cylindrical or somewhat eampanulate above ; limb bilabiate ;
posterior lip exterior, erect, concave, shortly bifid; anterior lip
interior, spreading, 3-lobed ; lobes nearly equal. Stamens inserted
on the upper part of the corolla-tube, 2 only or 4 and didynamous ;
only 2 antheriferous and perfect, posterior ; filaments rather short ;
anthers often cohering, 2-celled, cells diverging ; staminodes 2 or 0,
anterior, bilobed or entire. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, shortly
bilamellate at the apex; lobes stigmatic within ; ovules numerous.
Capsules ovoid, oblong or subfusiform, septicidal, bilobed ; valves
thin. Seeds numerous, minutely tuberculate or rugose-
or glandular-puberulous, small or
Annual i
ual or perennial herbs, glabrous flowers axillary, solitary or 4 few
delicate ; leaves opposite, entire or dentate 5
together ; pedicels not bracteate.
DisrRrp. Species about 20, occurring in the tropical and warmer parts of the
world.
Staminodes tuberculate, bearing a small tooth ... (1) Tiparie.
Staminodes wanting or filiform and smooth nee
Aquatic; leaves crowded at or near the
the stem ... a bis oe 4. (2) conferta.
ded at or near
Terrestrial ; stem-leaves not crow
the top of the stem:
364 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Ilysanthes.
Flowers subsessile or very shortly peduncu-
late :
Staminodes wanting ; flowers solitary in
each axil Ns on ot ... (3) Schlechteri.
Staminodes 2; flowers 1-3 together in
the axils at ie ... (4) nana.
Flowers evidently pedunculate :
Corolla-tube + in. long ... ree ... (5) Muddii.
Corolla-tube 4 in. long:
Leaves 4-4 in. long... ids ... (6) Wilmsii.
Leaves 3—2 in. long is ... (7) Bolusii.
1. I. riparia (Rafin. Annals of Nature, 13); an annual herb,
diffuse, decumbent or erect, divaricately branched, glabrous, some-
what glossy, 3-12 in. high ; stems quadrangular, often rooting at
the lower nodes; leaves oval, ovate-oblong, ovate or lanceolate,
obtuse or pointed, obtuse or somewhat narrowed at the base, sessile
or the lower subsessile, 5- or 3-nerved, subentire or remotely denticu-
late, 1-11 in. long, ;1,—2 in. broad ; flowers axillary, solitary, 4-; 1.
long ; peduncles slender, lax, 3—1 in. long ; calyx-segments narrowly
lanceolate-subulate, 1-1 in. long; corolla pale blue ; lower lip white
on the margins; palate marked with two blue spots; staminodes
tuberculate, adnate to the corolla-tube at the base, free above, with
a small appendage or tooth below the apex or near the middle ;
ovary ovoid, 11 in. long ; capsules 1-1 in. long. COapraria gratio-
loides, Linn. Syst. ed. x. 1117. Lindernia capensis, Thunb. Prody.
104, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 480; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i.
254; Harv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 151; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 839.
Bonnaya brachycarpa, Cham. § Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 568.
I. capensis, Benth. in DC. Prodr, x. 419. J. gratioloides, Benth.
le.; Urban in Bericht. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. ii. 434. JT. gratiolodes,
var. capensis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 235. Gratiola dubia,
Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i, 17. I. dubia, Barnhart in Bull. Torrey Bot.
Club, xxvi. 376.
Coasr Reaion, ascending from 50 to 200) ft., in wet places: Tulbagh Div.
by Tulbagh waterfall, Ecklon 4 Zeyher ! Pappe ! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof,
Drege, 19400! Bainskloof, Schlechter, 10249! Paarl Div.; by the Berg River,
Drége, 1940b! Klein Draakenstein Mountains and Dal Josaphat, Drege. Cape
Div.; near Capetown, Burchell, 679! Harvey, 400! Schlechter, 3).! Knysua
Div. 3 Vlugt, Bolus, 1519! Humansdorp Div. ; by the Kromme River, Thunberg ¢
Uitenhage Div.; Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 37! 3491! Loeri (Luris) River,
Thunberg ! Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Burchell, 4560! Bathurst Div. 5
between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3915! 4050! Albany Div.
Howisons Poort, Hutton! near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 1470! Glass ™
eachung Herb. Austro-Afr., 1933! King Williamstown; Perie. Wood, —
UNtZE. :
KaALaHaRI Reaion: . >t ti River:
Wilms, 1045 ! oN: Transvaal; between Spitzkop and the Komati ’
oo. Rucron, ascends to 3000 ft.: Transkei; in a valley by the Kel —
iver, Drege, 4023! Bashee River, Drége. Pondoland, Bachmann, 1245! Natal; —
perwroea Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River, Drége ! Umlaas River, Krausé,
109! Umzinyati Flat, Wood, 1876! Pietermaritzburg, Rehmann, 7587! Suthere —
and! Sanderson, 80! Pinetown, Sanderson, 662! Inanda, Wood, 1617"
Durban Bay, Drége.
Also in America,
Tlysanthes. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 365
2. I. conferta (Hiern); a nearly glabrous herb, aquatic; stems
simple, erect, rather slender, tetragonous at least above, 4-8 in. high,
submerged and naked below by the lapse of most of the lower pairs
of leaves, rooting near the base ; leaves opposite, crowded at and near
the top of the stem, rotund or obovate, rounded at the apex, wedge-
shaped towards the broad shortly petiolate or sessile base, some-
what fleshy-coriaceous, entire, }- in. long, ;+;—} in. broad, rather
glossy and minutely dotted above, minutely glandular beneath ;
bases of leaves or petioles connate, sheathing; flowers axillary,
subterminal, shortly pedunculate, about 4 in. long, whitish ; calyx
about ;+,—} in. long, deeply lobed ; segments ovate or oblong, obtuse,
rather unequal in breadth, imbricate below; staminodes curved
towards the apex, nearly glabrous ; capsules ovoid-oblong, } in. long ;
style persistent, 1 in. long; stigma beset with short thick hairs.
KALAHARI Rea@ion: Transvaal; South African gold-fields, Baines /
Eastern Rearon: Natal; in shallow pools, rocky at the bottom, at Imbele-
come, in the Rovelo Hills, Sutherland !
3. I. Schlechteri (Hiern); a dwarf herb, 1-1{ in. high, erect,
minutely glandular-puberulous or nearly glabrous, simple or branched
at the base, with a rosette or cluster of leaves at the base; stems or
branches erect or ascending, sparingly leafy above the base ; leaves
opposite, elliptical, obovate or oblong, obtuse, more or less narrowed
at the sessile or shortly petiolate connate base, rather thick, repand
or slightly denticulate, 1-} in. long, 73-yo in. broad; flowers
axillary, subterminal, about 4 in. long, solitary in each axil, subsessile ;
ealyx about 4-1 in. long, 5-cleft; lobes triangular-laneeolate,
acute, about 2 in. long ; corolla-tube rather shorter than or about
equalling the calyx; stamens 2, antheriferous ; capsules ovoid-
oblong, acute, about 2 in, long.
Katanart Rearon: Transvaal; Lake Chrissie, Wilms, 1046! near Bergen-
dal, 6000 ft., Schlechter, 4009!
4, I. (Bonnaya) nana (Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 505) ; an ereet herb,
glabrous or minutely glandular-puberulous, simple or somewhat
branched, 1—4 in. high, apparently persisting for several years ; stems
tetragonous, moderately slender and rigid, leafy or at length naked
at the base, more or less leafy above; branches divaricate or ascending
mostly alternate ; radical leaves rosulate, obovate, rounded, wedge-
shaped at the shortly petiolate base, denticulate or repand, }—} in. long,
q4-1 in. broad, soon decaying or deciduous ;_stem-leaves opposite or
occasionally ternate, ovate, or narrowly elliptical, obtuse, more or
less narrowed to the sessile or subsessile connate base, rather thick or
fleshy, often purplish beneath, denticulate or repand, 3— mea
za} in. broad, about equalling or shorter than the inte an ;
flowers subsessile or very shortly pedunculate, axillary or a -
terminal, 1-3 together, solitary oF RON we é + 8 —~
pinky-white ; calyx ;;-} in. long m flower " ais tabs
teeth deltoid or sublanceolate, acute, 73s—s'0
366 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Ilysanthes.
shortly exceeding the calyx; limb white or white and red or pink;
fertile stamens 2, on short filaments, glabrous ; staminodes 2, filiform
or very short, glabrous, without any trace of anthers; capsules ovoid-
fusiform, acute, glabrous, 1— in. long; seeds longitudinally ridged,
numerous, the ridges minutely tubercular. Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl.
Welw. i. 764.
Katanart Ree@ton: Transvaal: Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6189 !
Eastern Recion, between 2000 and 5000 ft.: Natal; in crevices of rocks
amid masses of Selaginella rupestris at Umzinyati Falls, Wood, 1244! Inanda,
mat 885! 1603! slopes of the Drakensberg, Wood, 3914! Umlazi, Schlechter,
6734! Z
Also in Tropical Africa.
5, I. Muddii (Hiern) ; an erect herb, glabrous or nearly so, simple
or branched from the base, 2-3 in. high, with the aspect of a Lobelia ;.
branches few, opposite or alternate, divaricate or ascending, tetragonous,
slender, rigid, moderately leafy, rather shining ; leaves opposite, narrowly
elliptical or sublinear, somewhat narrowed towards each end, obtuse
at the apex, sessile, connate at the base, entire, rather thick,
minutely glandular, 4-1 in. long, ~j5-z'5 in. broad ; flowers sub-
terminal and solitary in the upper axils, about } in. long, rosy and
white ; peduncles mostly 12 in. long, alternate, rather slender, rigid ;
calyx narrowly turbinate-oblong, broadly ribbed, {—-5 in. long,
5-dentate; teeth ovate-deltoid, about 4 in. long; corolla-tube
about 1 in, long; lips about 4,1 in. long respectively ; filaments of
the pair of perfect stamens short, glabrous; anthers glabrous ;
staminodes very short, glabrous, without anthers; capsules ovuid-
fusiform, glabrous, minutely glandular, 4 in. long.
Kananari Rearon : Transvaal: in damp stony places at Macmac, Mudd!
Very like in general appearance to Bonnaya trichotoma, Oliv., but the flowers
ie larger; it is also somewhat like I, andongensis, Hiern, but the calyx 18
onger, :
6. I. Wilmsii (Engl. ex Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 123); a puny
herh, social ; root fivrous ; stem slender, tetragonous, slightly scabrid
below, glabrous above, 1-2 in. high; radical leaves several, linear-
spathulate, obtuse, attenuate at the shortly petiolate base, about
11 in. long, minutely puberulous below; stem-leaves opposite,
narrowly spathulate, glabrous, entire or repand, 4-3 in. long,
gio-z's in. broad ; internodes 1-1 in. long; peduncles 2 or 3 times as
long as the stem-leaves; calyx narrowly turbinate, about j—5 1”
long ; teeth short, acute, pilose at the apex and margins with white
hairs, about j; in. long; corolla-tube about 4} in. long ; uppeT lip
very shortly bilobed, nearly 2 in. long; lower lip 3-lobed, 5
long; lobes obovate, about equally long, pilose at the base, Toe
long and broad; upper stamens reaching the middle of the uppéeF
corolla-lip ; staminodes minute, slightly curved ; ovary oblong,
acute, about 4 in. long; seeds narrowly oval, dusky-brown, marked
with longitudinal and weak transverse furrows.
Tlysanthes. | SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern), 367
Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Hells Gate, on the road towards Spitzkop,
Wilms, 900!
Nearly related to I. Welwitschii, Engl., but differs by the somewhat more
leafy and plainly tetragonous stem, by the acute calyx-teeth, and by the shorter
upper lip of the corolla.
7. I. Bolusii (Hiern); an erect herb, 11-2 in. high, minutely
glandular-puberulous, simple or branched and leafy at the base ; stems
or branches erect or ascending, sparingly leafy above the base, tetra-
gonous ; radical leaves rosulate, obovate or narrowly elliptical,
obtuse, narrowed towards the shortly petiolate base, entire or repand,
rather thick, 1-1 in. long, ;4,—-} in. broad; petioles short, broad ;
stem-leaves opposite, oblong or sublanceolate, obtuse, somewhat
narrowed at the sessile connate base, rather thick, very nearly
glabrous above, minutely glandular-puberulent beneath, entire or
repand, }—2 in. long, j,—;5 in. broad ; flowers axillary, alternate,
about + in. long, solitary; peduncles #,-} in, long; calyx }-} in.
long, 5-dentate, not strongly ribbed; teeth subdeltoid, acute or
apiculate, about ;1, in. long; corolla-tube about as long as the calyx ;
stamens 2, antheriferous, glabrous ; filaments short ; capsules oblong,
narrowed towards each end, about 1 in. long; seeds about as broad
as long, minutely tuberculate along parallel straight lines.
Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Ramakopa, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 4503!
XXXII. VERONICA, Tournef.
Calyx usually 4-partite ; segments scarcely imbricate in bud.
Corolla usually subrotate; tube very short ; limb spreading, 4- or
5-cleft ; lateral lobe or lobes exterior in bud. Stamens 2, inserted on
the corolla-tube on the sides of the posterior lobes, exserted ; anthers
2-celled; cells obtuse, confluent at the apex. Ovary 2-celled ;
style entire, stigmatose at the subcapitate apex ; ovules few or
numerous. Capsules loculicidal or septicidal, bivalved, bisulcate.
Seeds few or numerous, ovoid or orbieular.
Herbs or shrubs; leaves usually opposite; flowers racemose or coed
solitary, :
Disrris. Species more that 200, abounding chiefly in tempe eRe vee b
In addition to the species described below, Veronica snes ge 2 ‘hult ag
reported to occur in Cape Colony, see Thunberg, Fl. nic Ms 30 ard rigithe.
v. Beccabunga, Linn., near Graaff Reinet, see Bowte, irae Linn. mI men.
Linn., occurs as a casual (Wolley Dod, ms.) ; and 7. hedervjo “y Kafrraria 60
tioned by Thomas R. Sim, Sketch and Check-List of the Flora 0, ae
. (i) Anagallis.
Flowers racemose ; leaves sessile _ ne - } fortii.
Flowers axillary, solitary ; leaves petiolate ... ++ ae
i ; t herb
1. V. Anagallis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 12); am erect herb,
parame very nearly glabrous ; a
usually branched about the base and perennial, 6-36 in. high ; low
868 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). [ Veronica.
branches prostrate ; stem succulent, hollow, often rooting at the lower
nodes, leafy and often branched above ; leaves opposite, elliptical or
somewhat lanceolate, mostly obtuse, cordate-amplexicaul or connate at
the base, sessile, serrate or nearly entire, membranous, {—5 in. long,
1_]1 in. broad; flowers numerous, racemose, about 1 in. broad;
racemes axillary, 2-12 in. long; pedicels alternate or subopposite,
11 in, long, bracteate at the base; bracts sublanceolate, about
jz in. long; calyx ~,-} in. long; segments 4, oval-oblong, obtuse
or scarcely acute; corolla blueish-white or blue; capsules shortly
ovoid, about 2 in. long, emarginate ; style about half as long as the
capsule, Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 340, ii. 226; Thunb. Fl. Cap.
ed. Schult. pp. xiii., xvi.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 467; Krauss in
Flora, 1844, 833; not of Bong. V. anagalloides, Guss, Pl. Rar.
5,t.3; Benth. l.c. 468. V. Anagallis, var. aquatica, Berg. Pl. Cap. 2.
V. capensis, Fenzl in Linnea, xvii. 332. “ Veronica, like V. scutel-
lata,” Burch. l.c., i. 426, note.
Coast Region, in streams from 100 to 4000 ft.: Malmesbury Div. ; Groene
Kloof, Wallich ! Cape Div. ; Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 670! about Capetown,
Thunberg ! Ecklon, 816! Knysna Div.; Zitzikamma, Krauss, 1642. Uitenhage
Div.; Zwartkops River, Ecklon & Zeyher, 73! Albaity Div.>~ Miss Bowker !
Fort Beaufort Div.; Kat River Valley, Cooper, 250! Queenstown Div. ;
Engotina, near Shiloh, Baur, 951!
CentRat REGIon, between 3000 and 5000 ft.: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near
Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 120! Beaufort West Div.; Nieuw Veld, Drege ! Colesberg
Div. ; Colesberg, Shaw !
Western Recton: Little Namaqualand ; near the mouth of the Orange River,
Drége ; between Springbok and Modder Fontein, Whitehead !
Katasarr Recion: Orange River Colony; near Vredefort Road, Barett-
Hamilton! Basutoland, Cooper, 752! Griqualand West; by the Vaal River,
Burchell, 1759/7! at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1903! Transvaal; Mooi River,
Burke! near Pretoria, Wilms, 1105! Matebe Valley, Holub! J ohannesburg,
Rand, 1015!
Eastern Rucion: Transkei; between Gekau (Gcua) River and Bashee River,
Drege! Natal; Upper Tugela Drift, Wood, 3561! and without precise locality,
Gerrard, 517!
Cosmopolitan.
2. V. Tournefortii (K. C. Gmelin, FI. Bad. i. 39, not of Vill.) ;
a weak herb, apparently annual; stems or branches prostrate and
often rooting below, ascending above, moderately leafy, pubescent —
and minutely glandular, pubescence whitish, not evenly distributed
all round the stems and branches; leaves opposite (except those at
the rooting nodes and the floral ones), rotund-ovate, obtuse, abruptly
narrowed, subtruneate, subcordate or even subreniform at the petio-
late base, thinly herbaceous, minutely glandular and sparingly
pubescent on both faces, feebly 5-nerved and few-veined, rather
deeply cuneate-serrate, $-} in. long, 4-} in. broad; petioles mostly _
zy-} in. long, pubescent; lower internodes exceeding the leaves;
the upper shorter; peduncles rather slender, densely pubescent,
3-1 in. long, suberect in flower, spreading in fruit, alternate, solitary
in the upper axils ; flowering calyx about + in. long, deeply 4-lobed,
rather widely spreading, densely pubescent about the base ; segments”
*
Veronica. | SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 369
%
oval-ovate, obtuse, ciliolate, puberulous, somewhat unequal, 3—} in.
long by ;4;—;45 in- broad in flower, 1-1 in. long by ;4,—} in. broad in
fruit, feebly 3-nerved ; corolla about % in. in diam., veined, rotate,
3 of the segments oval-rotund, the fourth oval ; fruit about 2 in.
long, compressed, 1 in. broad, broadly notehed at the apex, veined,
ciliolate. V. persica, Desfont. Tabl. Heole Bot. Paris, 50, name
only ; Poir, Encycl. viii. 542. V. Buxbaumii, Tenore, Fl. Napol. i.
7,t.15; Benth. in DO. Prodr. x. 487.
Coast Reaion ; Cape Div. ; in cultivated fields near Rosebank, below 100 ft., -
Bolus, 4774!
CenTRAL Recion: Middelburg Div.; Conway Farm, 3690 ft., Gilfillan in
Herb. Galpin, 5572!
A weed, widely distributed over Hurope and the East.
The above description is taken from the specimens collected near Rosebank.
XXXII, GLUMICALYX, Hiern.
Calyx 5-partite ; segments oblong-spathulate, concave, glumaceous,
laciniate or glandular-fimbriate at the apex, ineurved-erect, equal.
Corolla funnel-shaped, campanulate ; tube about equalling the calyx ;
limb bilabiate, 5-lobed; posterior lip scarcely spreading, bifid,
interior to the lateral lobes of the anterior lip ; anterior lip
spreading, deeply 3-lobed, the middle lobes the innermost; all
the lobes rounded, entire. Stamens 4, didynamous, glabrous ;
filaments compressed, longer pair adnate for their lower half by one
edge to the lower half of the corolla-tube ; shorter pair shortly
adnate by one side near the base to the middle of the corolla-tube ;
anthers oval, slightly curved, by confluence 1-celled, all perfect,
those of the longer stamens anterior, suberect or at length sub-
horizontal, those of the shorter stamens subhorizontal, all exserted ;
pollen globose, smooth, very small. Ovary oval, obtuse, glabrous,
somewhat compressed, deeply furrowed on the sides and almost
subdidymous, slightly furrowed along each face, 2-celled ; ovules
rather numerous, small; placentas fleshy, central; style erect,
central, filiform-compressed, inserted between the parts of the
indented apex of the ovary, scarcely dilated at the lanceolate short
stigmatie apex.
An undershrub; leaves scattered, rather crowded, crenate; flowers sub-
capitate, bracteate,
DistrrB. Monotypic, endemic.
1. G. montanus (Hiern) ; suffruticose ; stems ascending, subterete,
woody below, me Ga ree dried, shortly pubescent above _
Whitish turgid declining hairs, densely leafy at least below, nw A
about 1 ft. long; leaves obovate, obtuse or rounded, wedge-s ape
towards the not. very narrow sessile base, thinly or firmly oer
coriaceous, glabrous or minutely glandular, cuneate-serrulate along
ig . ;
VOL. IV.—skEcT, II,
370 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Glumicalye.
the upper half, 1% in. long, {2 in. broad, erect-patent ; flowers
sessile, numerous, about 1} in. long, crowded in a terminal head ;
heads about £ in. long and broad; bracts roundly obovate, oval,
glumaceous, ciliolate, sessile, shining, concave at first, at length
nearly flat, 11 in. long; calyx-segments 3 in. long, minutely
glandular-ciliolate about the apex ; corolla 44 in. long, glabrous ;
tube 1-1 in. long; lobes ~j—5 in. long; filaments 73-75 in.
long besides the adhering parts; anthers ~;—;'5 in. long; pistil
nearly 1 in. long, glabrous; ovary oval, obtuse, somewhat com-
pressed, ;; in. long, ;'; in. broad ; style about + in. long.
Katanart Region: Orange River Colony; on the slopes of Mont-aux-
Sources, 7000-8000 ft., Flanagan, 2018!
XXXIV. CHARADROPHILA, Marloth.
Calyx deeply 5-cleft, persistent ; lobes ovate-oblong, nearly equal.
Corolla rather large ; tube short, subcampanulate, dilated at the top,
incurved-ascending; throat bearded behind; limb bilabiate; lobes
broad, spreading, nearly equal; posterior lip bilobed, one of the
lobes interior and the other exterior or very rarely partly interior ;
anterior lip trilobed, the ‘middle lobe exterior. Stamens 4, nearly
equal, sometimes with a fifth reduced to a staminode or rarely
perfect; filaments rather short, curved, inserted about the base of
the corolla-tube ; anthers 2-celled, shortly oval; cells diverging oF
nearly parallel. Ovary ovoid, 2-celled from the base to the apex;
style filiform, exceeding the stamens, shortly exserted, quite entire,
persistent ; ovules numerous; placentas axile on the septum.
Capsule ovoid, somewhat compressed, bisulcate, apiculate or acum
nate, both loculicidal and septicidal; valves sometimes cohering at
the apex. Seeds rather numerous, ovoid, rugose, black.
A branched or subacaulescent herb with radical and cauline opposite petiolate
leaves and centripetal inflorescence. ;
DistR1B, Monotypic, endemic.
According to Marloth in Engl i icall
: gl. Jahrb. xxvi. 359, the genus has a typ! y
Scrophulariaceous capsule, though Engler in spite of this character regarded it
as Gesneraceous ; K. Schumann in Just, Bot. Jahresbericht, xxvii. i.
enumerates it among the genera of the former Order.
1. C. capensis (Marloth in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 358, t. 8); root
branched, fibrous ; stem short, not much branched, about 3 in.
or searcely any ; radical leaves patent, on long petioles ; stem-leaves
opposite, oval, rounded, obtusely narrowed or somewhat wedge-
shaped at the base, broadly crenate, very shortly pubescent and
velvety, 2-2) in. long, 1-12 in. broad; petioles 3-14 in. long 5
peduncles axillary, 1-flowered or bearing 8-5-flowered cyme
recurved after flowering, 1-1 in. long ; bracts opposite or alternate,
oblong, obtuse, sessile, about 2 in. long; pedicels 2-3 in- longi
Charadrophila.] ScROPAHULARIACE® (Hiern). 371
flowers handsome, about 2 in. long; calyx % in. long, pubescent,
ebracteolate ; lobes obtuse, about + in. long; corolla blue; tube
= in. long, 2 in. broad, white within; lobes about 2 in. long;
filaments glabrous, rather more than 2 in. long; anthers glabrous,
vo in. long; style 2 in. long, glabrous except at the finely pilose
base, curved near the apex; ovary pilose, + in. long; capsule about
¥ in, long.
Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div.; in moist shady rocky clefts, by water-
falls at Jonkers Hoek, near Stellenbosch, 820 ft., Marloth, 2311.
XXXV. MELASMA, Berg.
Calyx foliaeeous or subfoliaceous, loosely campanulate; tube
angular or strongly nerved, shortly 5-eleft, sometimes inflated in
fruit; teeth deltoid or lanceolate, valvate in bud. Corolla-tube
_ broad, campanulate, subglobose or somewhat funnel-shaped, equalling
or exceeding the calyx; limb veined, 5-cleft, oblique or bilabiate ;
lobes broad, entire, rounded, imbricate in bud. Stamens usually
4, didynamous or nearly equal; filaments filiform, inserted about or
below the middle of the corolla-tube, glabrous or the longer bearded ;
anthers 2-celled, approximated by pairs, naked or bearded on the
back, all perfect; cells oblong, nearly parallel, distinet, equal or
somewhat unequal, blunt, apiculate or mucronate at the lower end.
Ovary round, 2-celled ; style longer than the stamens, bent down-
wards or curved near the apex ; stigma narrowly linguiform, entire
or bifid. Capsule subglobose, included within the calyx, glabrous,
loculicidal ; valves usually entire. Seeds very numerous, sublinear ;
testa loose,
Herbs, usually annual and parasitical, turning dusky when dried, simple or
branched, often hispid or scabrid ; leaves opposite or scattered, sometimes scale-
like, dentate or entire, sessile or subsessile; flowers numerous, racemose or
spicate, mostly yellow or orange and often brown or purple on the veins; pedicels
bibracteolate.
Disrris. Species about 24, occurring in the hotter parts of the world,
Flowers racemose, 13-2 in. long ... (1) seabrum.
Flowers subspicate, 4-1 in. long :
Flowers 2-1 in, long :
pee Pn obtuse at the rer oe ... (2) capense.
“ te at the lower
Sane ns ea on wwe (3) Darbatum.
Flowers }-4 in. long :
Stamens didynamous :
The longi pair of filaments more pcos
or less hairy = -» wet (4) ~— es
Filaments glabrous or nearly 80 ... (5) sessiliflorum.
Stamens nearly equal: ;
Anther-cells obtusely apiculate at
the lower end he Pa dont
Flowers abou in. ; :
fruit oval, + 2 he .. (6) luridum,
B
372 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Melasma,
re
lobed near the base, 2-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad ; flowers 1;-2 in.
Flowers 3-2 in. long; fruit
subglobose, }-} in. long ... (7) orobanchoides.
Anther-cells not apiculate at the
lower end, obtuse es ... (8) natalense.
1. M. scabrum (Berg. P). Cap. 162, t. 3, fig. 4); a herb, scabrid
with short rough dots, dusky or brown when dried, erect, diffuse or
ascending, nearly simple or more or less branched, 3-23 ft. high,
apparently perennial ; root fibrous, saffron-coloured ; stems erect or
diffuse, viscid-scabrid, leafy ; leaves opposite, mostly lanceolate or
narrowly oblong, obtuse or subaeute, somewhat or scareely narrowed
at the base, sessile or subsessile, deep green above, rather paler
beneath, dentate or subentire, often more strongly toothed or shortly
long, racemose, rather numerous * racemes terminating the stems
and branches, up to 4-8 in. long, lax or rather dense; pedicels :
1-4 in. long; bracts opposite, narrow, neither adhering nor adjacent
to the calyx, 21 in. long; calyx campanulate-oblong, $-1 in. long
in flower ; tube 10-nerved and 5-angled in flower, veined, loose m
flower, inflated in fruit, somewhat unequal and indented at the
insertion of the pedicel; teeth 5, deltoid, nearly equal, apiculate,
11 in, long; corolla white, brown or pale yellow ; tube purple on
both sides or red, smooth, nearly glabrous, campanulate-oblong,
8_]2 jn. long ; throat dull or dusky purple or brown ; lobes 5, rounded,
veined, nearly glabrous, 1-1 in. in diam., yellowish-white, two of
them more or less connate; stamens included; anthers 2-celled ;
cells acute at the base, dusky (Masson’s drawing), about > in. long;
filaments pubescent; style shortly or seareely exserted, inflexed above;
glabrous up. to the stigma or nearly so; capsules glabrous, about
2 in. long. Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833; Benth. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. i.202, and in DC. Prodr. x. 338. Nigrina viscosa, Lint.
Mant. 42; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii, ii. 238. Gerardia Nagrint,
a f. Suppl. 278 ; Thunb. Prodr. 106, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult:
Var. 8: ovatum (Hiern) ; lower leaves ovate, subcordate at the base, 3-1} si
long. M. ovatum, Benth., l.c.
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Bergius! Burmann. ;
Coast ReGion, ascending to 3000 ft.: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Dregs
13354! Cape Div.; near Cape Town and Constantia, Wolley Dod, 189! $80"
Bowie! Krauss, 1622! near Nord Hoek, Masson / Stellenbosch Div. 5 Hottentots
Holland, Gueinzius? Caledon Div. ; Grietjes Gat, near Palmiet River, Bolus,
4181! Knysna Div.; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5173! og pet
River, Krauss, 1620. Uitenhage. Div.;. Van Stadens Mountains, Bolus, ~
Kennedy in Herb. MacOwan! Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Burchell ,
4542! Algoa Bay, Cooper, 2816! Albany Div.; mountains near Grahamstow?, |
Glass in MacOwan Herb. Austro-Afric., 1934! pr
CxnTRAL Rearon: Somerset Div.; summit of Bosch Berg, 4500 ft
MacOwan, 197! : : Spitz
KAatanart ReGton: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2834! Transvaal; PM)
kop, Wilms, 1073! Wisieaas Valley, ra Detientons Galpin, 1320! 1321!
near Lydenburg, <Atherston! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6005! Steyn, ag"
Johannesburg, Mrs. K. Saunders,10! Var. 8: Transvaal; Hells Gal
the road to Spitzkop, Wilms, 1072!
Melasma. | SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). 373
EASTERN REGION, between 1000 and 6000 ft.: Tembuland; Bazeia Moun-
tain, Baur, 606! Pondoland ; between St. Johns and Umtsikaba Rivers, Drége,
1385c! grassy places, Beyrich, 88! Natal; near Krantz Kop, McKen, 25!
Inanda, Wood, 441! Van Reenen, Wood, 6696! Mohlamba Range, Sutherland !
Krantz Kloof, Kuntze. Durban, Gueinzius, 437!
_ Var. 8: Pondoland; marsh near St. Johns River, Drége, 4843! near a water-
fall, Bachmann, 1214! between Umtentu and Umzimkulu Rivers, Drége.
Zululand, Gerrard, 1213!
2. M. capense (Hiern) ; an annual herb, parasitic on the roots of
grasses or similar plants which it renders tuberous, greenish-dusky or
dusky when dried, scentless; stems erect, with long whitish pubes-
cence, simple or branched below, striate, rigid, leafy, 4-14 in. high ;
leaves oval, ovate or lanceolate, obtuse, apiculate or the narrow ones
subacute, somewhat narrowed at the sessile or subsessile sub-3-
nerved base, scabrid-hispid at least on the margin and nerves
beneath, entire or sparingly toothed, seattered or subopposite, 3-1 in.
long, 1-1 in. broad, the lowest smaller and scale-like ; flowers sub-
sessile, numerous, or rather few, in the upper axils, orange- or golden-
yellow, 2-1 in. long; spikes dense, terminal, 1-3 in. long, 1-12 in.
broad; bracts like the leaves or narrower, ciliate or hispid above ;
pedicels 1 in, long or less; calyx campanulate, shortly 5-cleft,
angular, 10-nerved, delicately veined, 2-3 in. long, rather broad and
loose, somewhat hispid outside, glabrous within, bibraeteolate at the
base ; lobes triangular-ovate, acute or apiculate, ciliate, ;—; 1. long ;
bracteoles sublinear or narrowly spathulate, pilose on the back,
ciliate, glabrous and shining within, about {} in. long ; corolla yellow,
marked with purple or brown stripes, corrugated ; tube glabrous,
about as long as the calyx, subcylindrical below, funnel-shaped
towards the throat; limb spreading, about 1 in. in diam. ; lobes
obovate, about 8-2 in. long, glabrous, clearly nerved and veined ;
stamens exserted er nearly so; 2 of the filaments densely bearded
along one side; anthers glabrous, oblong-ovoid, obtuse, as-is In.
long ; style longer than the stamens, glabrous except the glandular
apical part, bent over the anthers ; capsule ovoid, about 5 -
long, glabrous. Alectra capensis, Thunb. Pl. Nov. Gen. 82, re
Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 454; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. As
ed.i. 250; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 339. Orobanche rape
Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 624. A. major, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei ait.
zengeogr. Documente, 52, 139, 163. A. minor, B. Meyer, Le. 131,
138, 163,
Coasy REGION, ascending from 50 to 4000 ft. : Swellendam Div. ; moantalned’
rootvaders Bosch, Bowie/ Humansdorp Div. ; A eet oo Thunberg !
koe River, Thunberg! Uitenhage Div.; mear Sunciy boro candria
Addo, Drege!’ hills by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 238° Som” UM
Div. ; Zit Hoogte, Burke / Bathurst Div. ; near Theos ey Grahams-
owie River, Zeyher ! Albany Div. ; near Bushmans iver, Droge! Queens-
town, MacOwan, 540! Fort Beaufort ie ie ae the mouth of
4 iv. ; near Queenstown, Galpin, Pox oF
_ the Kei River, Flanagan, 1344! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 263! 3
Ee: ? ? i : +5 t
CENTRAL Binics, between 2000 and 6000 ft.: eneeee Des Somer
374 SCROPHULARIACES% (Hiern). [ Melasma.
East, Bowker ! by the Great and Little Fish Rivers, Drege! Graaff Reinet Div. ;
mountains near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 3836! Aliwal North Div. ; Witte Bergen,
Drége. Albert Div.; by the Orange River, Burke! Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg,
Shaw !
Katauart Reoion: Transvaal; Pere Kop, Rehmann, 6840! Lydenburg
district, near Kuilen, Wilms, 1092! Houtbosch Mountains, Schlechter,
4458 ! :
Eastern ReGion, between 5000 and 7000 ft.: Natal; near the Rovelo Hills,
Sutherland! near Charlestown, Wood, 5618! at or near Krantz Kop, McKen,
15!
Orobanche capensis, Burm, fil. Prodr. Cap. 17, may possibly be this plant;
it is described as having a very long inflexed scape and exserted stamens; it 1s
apparently a different plant from O. capensis, Thunb.
3. M. barbatum (Hiern); an erect herb, dusky when dried,
annual, simple below, divided above, about 15 in. high, apparently
parasitical ; stem tetragonal, hispid-scabrid, leafy ; branches ascend-
ing; leaves opposite, subopposite or alternate, ovate, narrowed to a
scarcely acute tip, obtusely wedge-shaped at the sessile 5-nerved
base, toothed chiefly about and below the middle, hispid-scabrous
above, less so beneath, erect-patent or spreading, 3-14 in. long by
1_1 in, broad or the lower smaller; each tooth subglandular at the
tip; flowers axillary to the upper leaves, forming terminal leafy
spikes, subsessile, rather numerous, about 3—* in. long; spikes
2-21 in. long, dense above, interrupted below; bracteoles narrow,
linear-subulate, ciliate, 3-2 in. long; calyx about $—% in. long,
5-cleft ; tube hispid on the nerves; lobes acuminate from an ovate
base, ciliate; corolla veined, orange-yellow ; tube exceeding the
calyx; longer filaments bearded; anther-cells mucronate at the
lower end.
Katanari ReGion;: Transvaal; Bearded-man Mountain, Barberton, 4500 ft.,
Galpin, 929!
4. M. indicum (Wettst. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.iv.3B, 91);
an ereet herb, simple or branched above, seaberulous, annual, dusky
when dried, 5-15 in. high ; stem and branches hispid with whitish
spreading hairs, leafy, tetragonal, 5 leaves opposite or subopposite,
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, shortly wedge-shaped oF
subtruncate at the sessile or subsessile base, toothed chiefly along the
lower half, scabrid above, hispidulous or nearly glabrous beneath,
sub-5-nerved, 3-1 in. long by 4-1 in. broad or the lowest smaller ;
each tooth subglandular at the tip ; flowers in the axils of the uppe?
leaves, forming terminal leafy or bracteate spikes, numerous, sub-
sessile, 3} in. long; spikes dense above, 1-2} in. long; bracts
floral leaves mostly 3—5 in. long; bracteoles sublinear or subulate,
s_a in. long, hispid-eiliate; calyx loosely campanulate, more OT less
hispid-pubescent, 4-3 in. long, 5-cleft, bibraeteolate ; lobes ovate,
acuminate; corolla yellow, veined; stamens didynamous; longer —
filaments bearded with long hairs at least at their apex about the —
insertion of the anthers; anther-cells apiculate at the lower end; —
style elongated, the oblong-lingulate stigma bent downwards.
Melasma. ] SCROPHULARIACEa (Hiern). 375
Hymenospermum dentatum, Benth. in Wall. Cat. n. 3963. Glosso-
stylis avensis, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 49, Alectra indica, Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 339; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 297. A. dentata, O.
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 458. Nigrina sessiliflora, O. Kuntze,
le. ill. ii. 237, partly. Melasma dentatum, K. Schum. in Just, Bot.
KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; between Porter and Trigards Fontein,
— 6617! without precise locality, Mrs. Stainbank in Herb. Wood,
660
EasteRn Reqion: Natal; Biggars Berg, Rehmann, 7056! Mooi River and
Glencoe, Kuntze.
Also in India and Tropical Africa. Our forms are less hairy and the corolla
often attains a larger size than in the Indian type.
5. M. sessiliflorum (Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 767); an
erect herb, simple or loosely branched, glandular-hispid or nearly
glabrous, annual, deep green in the living state, dusky when dry,
2-24 in. high or more, subparasitical ; root saffron-yellow ; stem or
branches Jeafy, tetragonal; leaves triangular-ovate or lanceolate,
obtuse, acute or acuminate at the apex, subtruncate or abruptly
narrowed at the sessile or subsessile base, scabrid, rather thick,
brittle, more or less coarsely toothed or denticulate or incise-dentate,
sub-5-nerved, opposite, subopposite or alternate, mostly exceeding
the internodes but sometimes shorter, 3-1} in. long, 4-{ 1n. broad ;
flowers axillary or spicate, subsessile, usually numerous, about 3 in.
long ; spikes terminal; bracts sublinear or subulate, glabrous or
ciliate, abont 1-1 in. long; calyx about {+ in. long, 5-cleft, campanu-
late, sparingly pilose outside, glabrous within ; tube tetragonal,
bibracteolate at the base ; lobes lanceolate, ovate-acuminate or sub-
deltoid, acute, ciliate, about 3 in. long; corolla galeate-bilabiate,
veined, bright golden-yellow or dull yellowish, red on end
5-cleft, glabrous; lobes obtuse, 3 lower larger than : e 0 ie
stamens 4, didynamous or rarely 5 with the fifth shorter than
he re onger about equalling the
the rest, glabrous or nearly 80, the longer t equalling t
orolla-tube ; iculate at the lower end ; ovary
corolla-tube ; anther-cells usually apicu ge ; J
glabrous ; style exceeding the stamens, somew ;
above ; es sapeiane lingulate-oblong, one flattened ;
capsules ovoid or subglobose, about } in. long; see Raat sn 08
Gerardia sessiliflora, Vahl, Symb. Bot. 1. 79. Rhinant. us < ,
Thunb. Prodr. 98, und Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 458. alee ma
Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 778.. Glossostylis capensis, Bone» Seer
Ind. 50, and in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. }- aia; : ania Flora
zengeogr. Documente, 72, 106, 128, 151, 188 ; are “ ioe:
1844, 832; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 251. Engl. Jahrb x
pyroides, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. 339 ; Marloth in Hingy. «Sir. ©
254, not of O. Kuntze. A, sessiliflora, 0. Kuntze ‘6 oor
ii. 458. Nigrina sessiliflora, O. Kuntze, Lc. ii. ii. 237,
partly. :
epee Pbieesone oar gt tes Div. ; Blue Berg; Drage.
376 SCROPHULARIACE& (Hiern). | Melasma.
Tulbagh Div. ; by Tulbagh Waterfall, Ecklon §° Zeyher, 431! Tulbagh Kloof,
Krauss! Worcester Div.; Hex River Mountains, Rehmann, 2698! Paarl Div.;
Drakenstein Mountains, Bolus, 4063 ! Knysna Div. ; Zitzikamma Forest, Krauss,
1641. Cape Div.; hills and flats near Capetown, Thunberg ! Bowie! Ecklon §
Zeyher, 163! Wolley Dod, 418! Bolus, 3806! Harvey, 212! 523! Drége, 1380a!
Kuntze, Bunbury, 152! Uitenhage Div. ; between Vanstaadens Berg and Bethels-
dorp, Drége. Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Burchell, 4546! Albany Div.;
near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 454!
Crentrat Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Portlock, Bowker, 7!
- Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; Groot Boetsap, Marloth, 1001.
Transvaal; Granite ridges near Barberton, Galpin, 1302! near Lydenburg,
Wilms, 1090!
EASTERN. Region, between 100 and 2500 ft.: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur,
139! Pondoland; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! near St. Johns River, Drége,
130d! Griqualand East; near Clydesdale, Tyson, 2785! and in MacOwan ¥
Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1219! Natal; near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 168! Coast-
land, Sutherland ! near Durban, Wood, 142! and without precise locality,
Gueinzius, 512! Cooper, 2900! Gerrard, 291!
Also in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.
"There is a dye in the root, given out to spirits of wine; it resembles gallstone.
(Harvey, MS. on back of coloured drawing in Herb. Kew).
©. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 237-238, unites this species with M.
indicwm, and refers specimens with the leaves narrowed at the base to a form
which he calls subpetiolata; without examining his specimens it is impossible
to assign them with certainty to their proper species.
6. M. luridum (Hiern) ; an erect herb, strict, simple or somewhat
branched, scabrid-hispid, dusky when dry, 5-16 in. high, apparently —
annual ; stems somewhat leafy but less so than in M. sessilifiorum
or in M. indicum, tetragonal ; leaves alternate, oval, obtuse, some-
times apiculate or subacuminate, somewhat narrowed towards the
base, sessile or subsessile, often shorter than the internodes, {—y 12-
long, ;',-} in. broad, entiré or nearly so, more or less hispid, feebly
5-nerved ; flowers axillary or spicate, numerous, shortly pedieellate
or subsessile, about } in. long; spikes dense at the apex, more oF
less interrupted below, 3-7 in. long; bracteoles elliptic-linear,
ciliate, about 2 in. long; pedicels up to 4 in. long; calyx loosely
campanulate, about 4 in. long, hispid-pubescent on the nerves;
shortly 5-cleft; lobes deltoid, about j5 in. long, not acuminate ;
corolla veined ; stamens glabrous, 4, nearly equal ; filaments filiform,
about } in. long, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube and
reaching its top; anthers pallid, oval; cells , or dy in. long,
obtusely apiculate at the lower end; style arching below the
clongated-lingulate stigma; capsule oval, glabrous, + in. long.
Alectra Wwrida, Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed.i. 250; Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 339,
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1311!
Coast Rxeion: Cape Div.; about Wynberg, Harvey, 267! Wallich! om
rocks at the top of Table Mountain, 3300 ft., Schlechter, 52 (in Herb. Bolus,
7122)! old road to Constantia, Wolley Dod, 1521! :
7. M. orobanchoides (Engl. Pfl, Ost-Afr. C. 359); a puberulous
herb, erect or ascending, more or less branched from the base
Melasma. | SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern), 377
upwards or rarely simple, annual, parasitical, dusky when dry,
2-24 in. high; stems and branches angular, smooth or scabrid ;
leaves scale-like, opposite, subopposite, alternate or scattered, oval or
elliptic, or the upper sublanceolate, mostly obtuse, not much
narrowed at the sessile base, scabrid-puberulous, 3-5 in. long,
j;-1 in. broad, entire or occasionally sparingly toothed, mostly
shorter than the internodes ; flowers spicate and in the axils of the
upper leaves, numerous, orange-yellow, very shortly pedicellate,
4-8 in. long; bracteoles narrow, puberulous, }—} in. long; calyx
loosely campanulate, shorily pubescent outside, glabrous inside,
5-cleft, 11 in. long in flower or rather more in fruit; lobes deltoid
or triangular-ovate, ;,-% in. long, not acuminate ; corolla veined,
orange-red or deep or dull yellow, slightly marbled with brown ;
stamens 4, subequal, nearly glabrous or pilose ; anther-cells more or
less pointed but not tailed at the lower end; capsules subglobose,
glabrous, 1-1 in. in diam. Orobanche parviflora, H. Meyer ex Drege,
Cat. Pl. Hxsice. Afr. Austr. 4, and Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente,
159, 205. Alectra orobanchoides, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 340,
Nigrina orobanchodes, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 237. A.
pumila, Benth. le. Harveya parviflora, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. ii.
i. 723; Reut. in DC. Prodr. xi. 38. M. parviflorum, K. Schum. in
Just, Bot. Jahresber. xxvi. i. 394. Microsyphus parviflorus, Presl,
Bot. Bemerk. 91. Glossostylis parasitica, Hochst. in Pl. Schimp.
Abyss. iii. 1464. A. parasitica, A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. i.
117. Striga orobanchoides. Ind. Kew. ii. 234, not of Benth.
CenTRAL ReGIon: Somerset Div.; Bowker, 120! Graaff Reinet Div.; near
Graaff Reinet, 2600-2800 ft., Burchell, 2927! Bowker! parasitic on roots of
Rhus, Bolus, 406! Aliwal North Div.: Aliwal North, Kuntze.
Katanari Region, between 2500 and 4500 ft.: Orange River Colony; Sand
River, Burke, 238! Thaba Unchu, Burke, 414! near Bethulie, Flanagan, 1488!
Bechuanaland ; near the springs at Mafeking, Bolus, 6468! Transvaal; Aapies
Poort, Rehmann, 4117! Pretoria, Kuntze ; Rimers Creek, near Barberton,
Galpin, 847! near Moord Drift, Schlechter, 4314! near Lydenburg, Wilms,
1089!
Eastern Recon, ascending to 3000 ft.: Natal; near Durban, Gueinzius,
881! 442! Macken, 9! Banden! Drége! Zululand, Gerrard, 1841! Inanda,
Wood, 1240! near Umlaas Drift, Wood! near Verulam, Wood, 1588! bank of
Tugela River near Colenso, Wood, 4412! near Weenen, Wood, 928!
8. M. natalense (Hiern); an erect herb, puberulous, dusky when
dry, simple, about 4 in. high, apparently annual and parasitical ;
stem angular, clothed more or less closely with leaves especially
about the base; leaves scale-like, alternate or subopposite, oval,
obtuse, not very much narrowed towards the base, sessile or sub-
ers spicate or the
sessile, entire, .—3. in. long, #s—# 1- broad ; flow
TL 0 is ? 8 <i ee ‘
lower axillary, rather numerous, about } in. long, subsessile ; spikes
dense above, somewhat interrupted below, {-14 12. long ;_bracteoles
linear-lanceolate, 1 in, long; calyx 2 in. long, loosely campanulate,
puberulous, shortly 5-cleft ; lobes deltoid, about zs in. long ; corolla
Veined, nearly glabrous; tube about equalling the calyx; stamens 4,
subequal ; filaments filiform, } in. long, inserted about the middle of
378 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Melasma.
the corolla-tube; anthers glabrous, oval, '; in. long; cells obtuse ;
ovary glabrous, rounded, about ;*; in. in diam. ; style glabrous, with
the stigma 1 in. long; stigma linear-clavate.
KasteRN ReGion: Natal, near Ladysmith, Wilms, 2175!
XXXVI. GERARDIINA, Engl.
Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed ; tube not inflated ; teeth triangular,
nearly equal, much shorter than the tube. Corolla trumpet-shaped ;
tube narrow at the base, ventricosely dilated above the calyx, some-
what narrowed at the mouth; limb somewhat oblique and spreading ;
lobes rounded, not quite equal, imbricate in bud. Stamens 4, didy-
namous ; filaments subfiliform, inserted on the lower part of the
corolla-tube ; longer pair anterior, strongly pilose, shorter pair less
strongly pilose; anthers 2-celled; cells distinct above the base,
gently curved, subparallel or diverging, somewhat unequal, obtuse,
dehiseing longitudinally, nearly glabrous or hispidulous along the
lines of dehiscence. Ovary ovoid, acute, glabrous, 2-celled ; style
filiform, arching above, reaching or excceding the longer stamens,
glabrous ; stigma slightly dilated; ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid,
equalling the calyx, 2-celled, loculicidal. Seeds numerous, linear-
cuneiform.
An erect, strict herb; leaves opposite, erect or suberect, narrow, sessile j
flowers racemose, purple-violet or violet-blue, rather large; racemes terminal,
bracteate, elongated ; seeds violet-coloured.
DistRiB. Monotypic, endemic.
1. G. angolensis (Engl. Jahrb. xxiii, 507, t. x. fig. G-M); a rigid
herb, bright green, erect or ascending, strict, somewhat shining,
perennial; stoloniferous; stem obtusely quadrangular, suleate,
puberulous in the furrows, about 27 in. high, leafy, smooth, reddish ;
leaves opposite, narrowly elliptical or lanceolate, obtuse or scarcely
acute, somewhat narrowed towards the broad more or less connate
and decurrent sessile 3-nerved base, scabrous above with rough har
whitish points and often along the nerves beneath, con:paratively
smooth beneath, erect or suberect, rigid, 3-3} in. long, Bec
broad, entire; flowers numerous, about. 8-1 in. long; rene
terminal, 41-6 in. long or more; pedicels 4-2 in. long, glabrous
mostly opposite, bracteate at the base, ebracteolate ; bracts opposite,
roundly oval, connate at the base, glabrous, }—-% in. long; calyx
glabrous or minutely puberulous, coriaceous, campanulate-hem!
spherical, shortly 5-cleft, 1-1 in. long; teeth deltoid, about 7's 12-
long; corolla tubular, minutely puberulous outside; tube ‘eur
4-8 in. long, 4-8 in. broad at the middle, 1-2 in. broad at the throw :
2 in. broad at the base ; lobes 5, rounded, about 1-2 in. long, two 0”
them shortly co..nate ; filaments pilose, one pair rather long, *ne
other pair short; anthers 2-celled; cells distinct, gently curve
Gerardiina. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 379
nearly glabrous, ;4,-} in. long; style about equalling or exceeding
the longer pair of filaments, about 1—1 in. long; stigma not much
thickened ; capsule ovoid, 11 in. long. Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.
1.770. Gerardia sp., O Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 232.
KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Houtbosch Mountains, 6000 ft., Rehmann,
5995! Schlechter, 4421! Spitzkop, Wilms, 1094!
Also in Tropical Africa.
XXXVII. STRIGA, Lour.
Calyx tubular; tube cylindrical, narrow, 5-15-ribbed, 5-cleft or
-dentate ; lobes or teeth lanceolate or subulate, erect, somewhat
unequal. Corolla tubular; tube narrow, subeylindrical, strongly
curved about or above the middle; limb spreading, bilabiate ; lobes
obovate; posterior lip interior, entire, emarginate or bifid, usually
shorter than the trifid anterior lip. Stamens 4, didynamous,
ineluded in the corolla-tube; filaments filiform, short, inserted
about or below the middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers 1-eelled,
lanceolate, acute or mucronate at the apex, blunt at the base, ver-
tical, dorsifixed. Ovary 2-celled; ovules numerous; style short,
thickened or club-shaped at the stigmatic apex. Capsule oval-
oblong, loculicidal, shorter than the persistent calyx; valves
coriaceous, entire. Seeds numerous, obovoid or oblong; testa
reticulate, subadpressed.
Herbs, parasitical or half-parasitical, often strict and sometimes drying black ;
leaves opposite or the upper alternate, narrow, usually entire or minutely denticu-
late, sessile or subsessile, sometimes all scale-like, the floral similar and gradually
smaller; flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves or bracts, sessile or
subsessile, spicate, bibracteolate, small or of moderate size.
DisrRis. Species about 30, distributed over the hotter parts of Africa, Asia,
and Australia.
Calyx 5-ribbed :
Dusky when dry, puberulous or nearly gla
brous : leaves all scale-like ... | ++ a
Grey-green when dry, scabrid, hispid ; leaves
foliaceuus ive aie ee vee a
Calyx 10- or 11-ribbed :
Leaves quite entire or minutely denticulate :
Calyx-tube 3-3 in. long:
Hispid-scabrid ; spikes not very
slender ; ppabary oe" -
uberulous outside; upper 4p
et shorter than the lower ... (3) elegans.
Hispidulous-scabrid ; spikes very
slender,; corolla-tube minutely
" (1) orobanchoides.
(2) Thunbergii.
landular-puberulous outside; up-
cer Hip Siu shorter than the lower O cnet
Calys-tobe im long = (8) Sorbent
Leaves unequally dentate
380 SCROPHULARIACE” (Hiern). — [ Striga.
fo 1. §. orobanchoides (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 361, t.
xix.) ; a parasitical herb, finely pilose or very nearly glabrous, 3—12 in.
high, tuning dusky in drying; stem simple or branched, sulcate,
purplish in the living state; leaves all scale-like, small, opposite or
the upper scattered, numerous, oval, ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or
the upper acute, sessile, entire, concave adpressed, the floral about
1 in. long by } in. broad, the lower smaller; flowers about % in.
long, numerous, spicate, pink, purple or red; spikes terminal,
elongated, dense above, interrupted below ; pedicels very short,
opposite or the upper subopposite or alternate ; bracteoles lanceo-
late, ciliate, hispidulous, subacute, adpressed to the calyx, about
11 in. long; calyx 1-1 in. long, 5-ribbed, hispidulous, 5-cleft ;
lobes lanceolate, acuminate, dbout 1 in. long ; corolla-tube slender,
strongly bent near the apex; limb about }—} in, in diam. ; lobes 5,
glabrous, ;},—2 in. long, lowest one the largest, two lateral obovate
and slightly retuse, two upper recurved, smaller than the others,
oblong, obtuse; stamens all glabrous and perfect; style slender,
somewhat shorter than the corolla-tube, persistent; stigma thickened,
entire; capsule oval-oblong, about 4 in. long; seeds minute, slightly
pitted. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 501. Buchnera gesnerioides,
7illd. Sp. Pl. iii. 338. B. orobanchoides, R. Br. in Salt, Voy.
Abyss. App. lxiv., name only ; Endl. in Flora, 1832, ii. 387, ¢. 2.
Orobanche varia, E. Meyer ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Eaxsicc. Afr. Austr. 4.
Psammostachys varia, Presl, Bot. Bemerk.91. Harweya varia, Hook.
ew Presl, lc. Harveyavaria, Reuter in DC. Prodr. xi, 39. S. gesne-
riotdes, Vatke in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 11; S. gesneriodes,
\ Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Steenbok Flats, Ecklon; near the
Zwartkops River, Ecklon! Fort Beaufort Div.; near Fort Beaufort, Ecklon!
Cathcart Div.; between Shiloh and Windvogel Berg, Drége! Komgha Div. 3
near the mouth of the Kei River, Flanagan, 1150!
CENTRAL Recion: Jansenville Div.; hilis near the Sunday River, Drege:
Cradock Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 2831! Graaff Reinet Div. 5 bills neat
Graaff Reinet (doubtfully placed here), Bolus, 1663 ! Aliwal North Div. ; Witte
Bergen, Drége.
WisTEEN Region: Great Namaqualand; Gamosab on Tafelberg, Schinz,
KALAHARI Rxeeion: Transvaal; Kudus Poort, Pretoria, Rehmann, 4571!
Vaal River, Burke! Zeyher ! Crocodile River, Burke!
EasTeRN Region, between 300 and 5000 ft.: ‘Transkei or Tembuland ; nei
the Tsomo River, very rare, Mrs. Bowker, 808! Natal; near Boston, Wylie
Herb. Wood, 8156! Umainyati Falls, Wood, 1248! Inanda, Wood, 4276!
4279! Wentworth Bluff, Sanderson, 456! Tugela River, Gerrard § MeBen —
1825! Tongaat, McKen, 6! Delagoa Bay, Forbes, 102! Junod, 206, 481, 483,
Kuntze.
Also in Tropical Africa and India.
- is parasitical on the roots of rushes, Sansevieria, Indigofera, Dalbergia, —
alsamea, Cissus quadrangularis, Linn., §c., and forms tubers. ‘
2. 8. Thunbergii (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 363) ; an
erect herb, parasitical, scabrid, hispid, grey-green, simple or branched,
Striga.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 381
annual, 23-18 in. high; branches ascending, strict, slender, leafy,
angular ; leaves linear or lanceolate-linear, acute or subacute, cartila-
ginous at the tip, somewhat narrowed at the sessile narrowly decur-
rent base, entire, opposite or the upper alternate, 1-1 in. long,
sos in. broad, rigid, erect or subereet, often spreading towards the
apex; floral leaves sublanceolate, approximated ; flowers spicate,
pink, mauve, purple or red, rather numerous, about 2 in. long :
spikes dense, elongating ; floral leaves exceeding the calyx, ad pressed
below, recurving or spreading above, hispid-ciliate ; bracteoles shorter
than the calyx, narrowly lanceolate, acute, rigid, adpressed, coria-
ceous ; calyx strongly 5-ribbed, sessile, coriaceous, hispid-scabrid on
the ribs and margin, 5-cleft, about 1 in. long ; lobes narrowly lanceo-
late, acute, about 1 in. long; corolla-tube about } in. long, strongly
bent outwards above the middle, narrow and subcylindrical below,
obliquely and narrowly funnel-shaped above, shortly glandular-
pubescent outside, glabrous inside ; limb bilabiate, spreading ; upper
lip obovate, emarginate, about 1 in. long; lower lip trifid, about
+ in. long:
VaR. 8, grandiflora (Benth. in DC. l.ec.); corolla-tube 6-7 lin. long; lips
9-4 in, long,
Sours Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Oldenburg, 1160!
Coast Reeton, ascending to 3000 ft. : Uitenhage Div. ; Addo, mes one
Vanstadens Berg, Zeyher, 720! Bowie! and without precise borate? ckion !
Zeyher, 1277! Albany Div.; Grahamstown, MacOwan, 11! Bolton ! Bowisots
Poort, Hutton! Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 561! Queenstown ~ ees
Queenstown, Bowker, 614! Galpin, 1756! Var. 8: Fort Beaufort Div.; Ka
iver Poort Drége, 2297) ! Eis
CENTRAT Reaion, between 3500 and 5000 ft.: —, a
Cooper, 2830! Graaff Reinet Div.; at Houd Constant Waterfall, > rig: dng
Aliwal North Div. ; Witte Bergen, Drége, Poot Albert Div. ; Mooi y
Drege, and without precise locality, Cooper, 785 !
Katanarr cece, Orange River Colony ; Wolve Kop, Thaba Unchu and
: * i ise locality
Caledon River, Burke! Bloemfontein, Kuntze, and without precise ,
4 P : ar Hama
Cooper, 2829! Basutoland, Cooper, 2832! Bechuanaland a — after noel |
ts Fontein
i atl, 408 | betirecn Matanines Sey rr Ssaeabere Wilms, 1226! near
Transvaal; Johannesburg, Rand, 969! 2 ‘ :
Heidelberg, Wilms, 1226]! Kudus Poort, Rehmann, 4677! Pretoria, Wilms,
1226¢! Kuntze. 2 :
Eastern Recion: Pondoland; Fakus territory, eye “ clay soi
Boe eens Clydesdale, Tyson, 35601 and Pee onsen, We) Toande’
! Natal; Table Mountain, Krauss. , 5
Wood, 138s Chartanvaan and Colenso, Kuntze ; near Newcastle, Alaa saute
Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 181! and without precise rae fh "pat
43! Gueinzius, 48! Zululand; Ungoya, Wylie im Rebtel ius Bolus.
pandhlwana, Patteshall Thomas! Delagoa Bay; near Kom Matic.
666 |
382 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [Striga.
3. §. elegans (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 363); an
erect herb, hispid-scabrid, grey-green, branched or simple, annual,
3-12 in. high, perhaps parasitical; branches erect or ascending,
strict, often fastigiate, striate, leafy, angular; leaves opposite or the
upper floral ones alternate, lanceolate-linear, acute or pointed and
cartilaginous at the tip, not much narrowed at the sessile base, entire,
erect or suberect, 1-1 in. long, ~;—} in. broad ; internodes mostly
shorter than the leaves; flowers spicate, pale pink, white, deep red or
bright scarlet, sessile, numerous, }—{ in. long ; spikes terminal,
dense, not very slender, elongating ; floral leaves narrowly lanceo-
late, acute, scabrid, hispid, 11 in. long; bracteoles linear-subulate,
seabrid, hispid, about 1—1 in. long, adpressed to the calyx ; calyx —
narrow, 1—} in. long, hispid-scabrid; tube 10—11-nerved ; lobes 5,
lanceolate or subulate, 1} in. long; corolla-tube subcylindrical,
glandular-puberulous outside, finely pilose within, somewhat enlarged —
and strongly bent near the apex; limb spreading, }—{ in. in diam. ;
scarlet or pink above, white beneath ; lobes obovate, 4—} in. long;
upper lip broad, emarginate, not much shorter than the 3 segments”
of the lower; stamens glabrous, inserted above the middle of the
corolla-tube. Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 502; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.
Soutn AFrica: without locality, Zeyher, 3591 !
Coast ReGion, between 500 and 4000 ft.: Albany Div.; Grahamstown,
Bolton! MacOwan! Bothas Hill, Baur, 1089! MacOwan, 426! Queenstown
Div. ; hills near the Klipplaats River, Drége, 3591a ! near Queenstown, Galpin,
1763! Mrs. Barber,615! Cathcart Div. ; Cathcart, Kuntze. Stutterheim Div. 5
Kabusie River, Murray, 426!
Centrat REGION: Aliwal North Div.; between Kraai River and the Witte
Bergen, 4500-5000 ft., Drége, 3591b! Albert Div., Cooper, 1379!
Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; Thaba Unchu, Burke, 443!
Zeyher, 1278! near Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton! and without precise locality,
2827! 2828! Bechuanaland; at Hamapery, Burchell, 2482! 2507! between
Mafeking and Ramoutsa, Lugard/ Transvaal; near Pretoria, Maclea, 129 (in
Herb. Bolus, 5745)! Olifants River, Botsabelo, Nelson, 394! between Porter and
Trigardsfontein, Rehmann, 6611! between Trigardsfontein and Standerton,
Rehmann, 6741! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1228! near Bronkhorst River,
Wilms, 1228b! Johannesburg, Rand, 1018! Ommaney, 60! 61! near
Standerton, Wilms, 1228c! Pretoria, Kuntze. F
EasteRN REGION, between 500 and 5000 ft.: Transkei; Tsomo River,
Mrs. Barber, 807! Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 34! Griqualand East; =
meadows, Tyson, 1368! Natal; between Mooi River and Estcourt, Wood, 668!
3484! Klip River, Gerrard § McKen, 366! Colenso, Kuntze. Swaziland; —
Havelock Concession, Saltmarshe in Herb. Galpin, 1040!
Also in Tropical Africa. '
0. Kuntze, l.c., gives two varieties of this species: a. coccinea ; corolla
aia scarlet with a yellowish tube; 8. alborosea; corolla white, at length
rosy.
There is considerable variation in the size of the flowers; the small-flowered
form is usually associated in the dry state with a rather dusky foliage.
4 S. lutea (Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 22); an erect herb, scabrid,
hispidulous, grey-green, branched or rarely simple, annual, 2-18 in.
high ; branches ascending, slender, frequently fastigiate, rigid, leafy,
angular; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, linear, acute oF
Striga. | SCROPHULARIACEM (Hiern). 383
obtuse, somewhat narrowed at the sessile narrowly decurrent base,
3-2} in. long, ~5—} in. broad, entire, spreading or suberect ; flowers
earmine or bright scarlet in our specimens, rather numerous, about
z in. long, sessile or subsessile ; spikes rather dense, slender, leafy,
elongating; bracts linear-subulate, usually exceeding the calyx,
adpressed below to the calyx; bracteoles subulate, shorter than the
calyx-tube, adpressed, rigid, scabrid ; calyx narrow, about 2 in. long ;
tube turbinate at the base in flower, rounded at the base in fruit,
10-ribbed, scabrid, about + in. long; lobes 5, laneeolate, subulate,
somewhat unequal, ;—1; in. long; corolla-tube subeylindrical,
about }—1 in. long, slender, minutely glandular-puberulous outside,
finely pilose within, rather strongly bent above the middle ; limb
included in the calyx, about 1 in. long, 7; in. broad. Benth. in
one ae
Coast Reeton: Fort Beaufort Div.; Kat River Poort, Drege, 4036a !
Bathurst Div. ; between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell, S064 !
Katanart Rereron: Bechuanaland; Mafeking, Bolus, 6431! Transvaal ;
Matabele Valley, Holub! near Pretoria, eer a Kuntze! Hill-sides, Barber-
ton, Galpin, 834! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1227!
Dinccx ; Reaion, se eer Me 2500 ft.: Griqualand East ; about A re
Tyson, 2051! and in MacOwan § Bolus Herb. Norm. Austr. Afr., 1222! 1 He
Natal; near the Umkomanzi River, Drége, 4036)! Omblas River or 4 ae
Drége; Durban, Drege! Sanderson !- Hallack, 17! Inanda, Wood, 7 =
hoe precise locality, Sutherland ! Gueinzius! Delagoa Bay; Forbes! Junod,
29!
z Also in Tropical Africa, the Mascarene and Malay Islands, and hotter parts of
sia. .
It is called “the pest ” in Natal, destroying crops of Indian corn (R. Hallack
ms, in herb. Harvey); see also Natal Agric. Journ, iii. 65.
we a ; re baceous
5. 8. Junodii (Schinz in Mem. Herb. Boiss. x. 62) ; her s,
hispid, 16 in. ane and more, branched chiefly from the eas ; "0
of S. lutea, Lour.; stems slender; leaves linear, about # in. long ;
i i ; -tube about
racemes simple, lax; flowers shortly pedicellate ; calyx-tube )
$ In, long, siatale marked with seer ad md rir nia? eu
7 . . ve 4 <
which extend longitudinally so as ra ‘cape tian sed alia
lanceolate, acute, about + in. long; eorolla-
lobes obovate, apparently red or orange in the living state.
Eastern Region: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 183! 193!
384 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Striga.
Junod remarked on the plant: “ Sitsinyambita, generic name of Striga,
applied especially to S. lutea, that is to say, the herb which hinders the cooking-
pot, because the negroes pretend that such is the result produced when the plant
or one of its congeners is thrown on the hearth fire (Schinz, l.c.).
6. S. Forbesii (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 364); an
erect herb, seabrid, greenish, simple or somewhat branched, annual,
1-2 ft. high; stem furrowed, leafy, comparatively robust, puberulous-
scabrid, hispidulous towards the apex, not pubescent; middie
internodes about equalling or exceeding the leaves ; leaves opposite —
or subopposite, lanceolate or oval-oblong, obtuse or somewhat
wedge-shaped at the sessile base, subherbaceous, scabrid on both
faces and on the margin, otherwise glabrous, unequally dentate,
1-23 in, long, 1—% in. broad; flowers spicate, scarlet or orange,
rather few, subsessile, about 1 in. long; spikes lax, elongating;
bracts mostly much exceeding the calyx ; bracteoles linear-subulate
or sublanceolate, about 1—% in. long in flower, ciliolate ; calyx narrow,
about + in. long, hispidulous; tube about 1—1 in, long, #10-ribbed ;
lobes 5, narrowly lanceolate or sublinear, +—}-in, long in flower,
elongating in fruit;. corolla-tube cylindrical, slender, sparingly
puberulous, nearly 1 in. long, somewhat dilated and much curved
near the apex ; limb spreading ; lobes obovate, 1-2 in. long; throat
finely pilose; capsules ovoid-oval, + in. long. Benth. im DC.
Prodr. x. 503. Buchnera Forbesii, D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 526.
Katanari Region: Bechuanaland; by the Limpopo River, in Bakwena
territory, about 3500 ft., Holubs
Eastern Recion: Natal; at or near Krantz Kop, McKen, 24! Inanda,
Wood, 8; 440! 7500! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 424 !
Also in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.
XXXVIII. BUTTONIA, McKen.
Calyx campanulate, widening in fruit, shortly 4- or 5-lobed ; lobes
shortly ovate, valvate in bud. Corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped,
somewhat curved and ventrieose, expanding above into @ wide throat ;
limb oblique, spreading, 5-lobed, membranous ; lobes rounded, not
very unequal, imbricate in bud. Stamens 4, didynamous, searcely
exserted ; filaments filiform, flexuous, inserted on the upper part of the
corolla-tube; anthers approximating in pairs; one cell of each anther
oblong, mucronate at the base, perfect; the other cell in the shorter
stamens empty flexuous vermiform and in the longer stamens empty
very short rudimentary. Ovary 2-celled, oval, obtuse ; ovules
numerous ; style filiform, exceeding the stamens, curved into
crozier at the apex, exserted; stigma not thickened. Capsule
subglobose, loculicidal, included in the enlarged calyx. Seeds a
numerous, conical-oblong, truncate at each end; testa loose, hyaline,
reticular, :
A slender climbing shrub, almost h ; ite, pinnatisect (io
our species), turning dusky in drying gg Yaa eae mee bath axillary.
DistRiB. Species about 3, the others in Tropical Africa. Le
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FLORA CAPENSIS:
BEING A
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANTS
OF THE
af CAPE COLONY, CAFFRARIA, AND PORT NATAL
(AND NEIGHBOURING TERRITORIES)
By VARIOUS BOTANISTS.
EDITED BY
‘Sm WILLIAM T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G.
C.LE., LL.D., F.R.8.
HQNORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD,
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.
PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF THE
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE AND NATAL.
LONDON:
LOVELIL REEVE & CO, LiMITED,
PUBLISHERS TO THE HOME, COLONIAL, AND INDIAN GOVERNMENTS,
6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1904.
Buttonia.] SCROPHULARIACESE (Hiern). 385
1. B. natalensis (McKen ex Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xi. 63, t.
1080) ; suffruticose ; stems pubescent above with short pallid hairs,
glabrous below, somewhat woody or wiry, herbaceous towards the
end, rambling or climbling, moderately leafy, apparent] y several feet
Jong; leaves opposite, sparingly pinnatisect or pinnatifid, toughly
herbaceous, scabrid-puberulous, turning dusky when dried, 13-3 in.
long, including the petiole, 3-11 in. broad; lower pinnew opposite,
ovate or oval, obtuse, sparingly-toothed or incise, narrowed or quasi-—
petiolulate at the base, 1-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad; upper pinnx
smaller; petioles 8-1} in. long; flowers axillary or rather supra-
axillary, solitary, violet-scented, about 11 in. long; peduncles robust,
Spreading, 3-1 in. long; bracteoles 2, opposite, suborbieular,
4-3 In, in diam., sessile at the base of the calyx, glabrous or
minutely sessile-glandular; ealyx eampanulate or urceolate, pale
green, }—3 in. long in flower, 3—8 in. long in fruit, 2—% in. broad in
flower, 10-nerved, net-veined, minutely puberulous or glabrous,
shortly 4- or 5-lobed; lobes depressed-ovate, 1-1 in. long, 3-4 in.
broad; corolla rosy, glabrous, thin; tube broadly funnel-shaped,
somewhat ventricose, curving upwards, about e: in. long ; throat
dark-rosy ; limb spreading-reeurving, 14-21 in. in diam. ; lobes
2—; in, long, 3-12 in. broad ; stamens glabrous ; filaments +4 in.
long, flexuous ; anthers 2-celled, polliniferous cells about % in. long,
empty ones of the shorter stamens about 4 in. long and flexuous;
style exserted, glabrous; capsule about 3 in. in diam. ; seeds ;',—} in.
long. Schinz ¢ Junod in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 62.
Eastern Recion: Natal; Pine Town, Button! McKen, 1! 2! Umzinyati
Falls, Wood, 12251! Rooi Koppies, Wood, 1016! Zululand; near Pongolo River,
Saunders! Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro!
XXXIX. SOPUBIA, Hamilt.
Calyx campanulate or hemispherical, 4- or 5-cleft ; lobes valvate
in Sal, Osrollatake short, ibe narrow, widened at the throat j
limb wide, patent, 5-lobed, bilabiate ; posterior lip 2-lobed, eansieo :
upper lip 3-lobed with the lobes often rather highly ECE
Stamens 4, didynamous, shortly exserted or nearly inclu ;
filaments filiform, somewhat compressed, inserted on the coro if
tube; anthers cohering in pairs or all together, 2-celled, a _
ovate or oblong, blunt and perfect, the other atl —
stipitate. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules numerous; th fe - ei
exserted, reeurved above ; stigma somewhat thickened, lingui se
or sublanceolate. Capsule ovoid or oblong, rounded ye pa ee
at the apex, retuse or emarginate, loculicidal. Seeds numerous,
obovoid or oblong ; testa somewhat loose.
ing dusky in drying except the hoary-
sscilie ei eechieatiathy narrow or cut into
e, solitary in the axils of bracts,
Erect branched rigid herbs, usually ,
tomentose species; leaves alternate, opposi
harrow segments; flowers racemose or spicat
bibracteolate. —
VOL, IV.— SECT, II.
386 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Sopubia.
Distr1B. Species about 20, distributed over Africa, Madagascar, and India.
Calyx 5-lobed :
Leaves usually entire and undivided :
Nearly glabrous or papillose-scabrid, not
hoary sts Sis oe oe ... (1) simplex.
Hoary felted at least on the inflorescence... (2) cana.
Leaves (at least the lower) once or twice tri-
partite :
Calyx cottony-pilose outside ree ... (8) fastigiata.
Calyx glabrous outside or nearly so a. (4) trifida.
Calyx 4-lobed ... ses ‘ sae x (5) Eenii.
)~ 1. 8. simplex (Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 27); a rigid herb, annual
or biennial or sometimes persistent for several years, papillose-scabrid
or nearly glabrous ; rootstock more or less woody, branched ; stems
several, erect, virgate or fastigiate, 1-2 ft. high, leafy, furrowed ;
leaves alternate or ternate, narrowly linear or subulate, simple or
rarely the lower trifid, pointed, not much narrowed at the base,
sessile, entire, warted on the margin with small whitish lenticular or
oval tubercles, }-2 in. long, 3,—7; in. broad; flowers numerous,
18 in, in diam.; racemes rather dense at the top, elongating,
centripetal, laxer below ; pedicels up to 1-3 in. long, bibracteolate
above the middle; bracteoles subulate, ~,—1 in. long; calyx hemt-
spherical-campanulate, 1—1 in. long, 5-lobed, papillose-scabrid outside ;
lobes deltoid, white-eottony within, »—j; in. long; corolla sub-
rotate, pink, rosy or purplish, 2—% in. in diam.; stamens and style
somewhat exserted; capsules spheroidal-oblong, about 4 in. long.
Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 773. S. dregeana, Benth. in DC.
Prodr. x. 522. Raphidophyllum simplex, Hochst. in Flora, 1841,
667 ; Hochst. & Krauss in Flora, 1844, 832. Gerardia dregeana,
Benth. in Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr, 4, and ex Hochst. in
Flora, 1842, 240, and Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 143, 149,
151, 187. Gerdaria dregeana, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 91.
Coast Recton, ascending to 2000 ft.: Knysna Div.; Zitzikamma Pere
Krauss ! Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Ecklon ! between Galgebosh and Milk
River, Burchell, 4787! at the foot of Witteklip, MacOwan, 512! 1934! Komgha
Div.; between Zandplaat and Komgha, Drege, 48500! near Komgha, Flanagan,
652! British Kaffraria ; Cooper, 137!
Karanaet Rueton: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2871! Besters Vley, neat
Witzies Hoek, 5400 ft., Bolus, 8232! Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 325!
EastERN Region, ascending to 5000ft. : Pondoland ; between Umtata River an '
Umtsikaba River, Drége, 4850b ! 4850c! Natal; by streams on Table Mountain,
Krauss, 400 ! Inanda, Wood, 166! 383! Plant, 35! and without precise locality, —
Gueinzius, 387! 493! Sanderson, 365! Gerrard, 631! 776! Tembuland 5
Umnyolo, Bazeia, Bawr, 743! near Cala, Xalanga district, Bolus /
Also in Tropical Africa.
Vv 2. §. cana (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 29, t. 146); usually all parts
except the flowers and capsules densely clothed with short white
felt; stems shrubby at the base, rigidly herbaceous above, branch
near the top, erect, 3-12 ft. high ; branches strict, erect or ascending,
virgate, leafy; leaves closely set, scattered or fasciculate, narrow'y
linear, obtuse, - sessile, entire, l-nerved, 1-11 in, long, oosk Oe
Sopubia.] SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern), 387
broad; flowers axillary and subterminal, forming bracteate and
leafy terminal simple racemes, numerous, purple or crimson ; pedicels
equalling the leaves or shorter; calyx campanulate, shortly 5-cleft,
% in. long, usually finely tomentose, bibracteate at the base; teeth
subdeltoid, somewhat or scareely acute; bracts sublinear, about
equalling the ealyx-tube; corolla membranous, delicately veined,
5-cleft ; tube very short, about as long as the lobes; limb subrotate,
4-3 In. in diam.; lobes subequal, rounded, minutely crenulate-
undulate; stamens all alike; filaments filiform; anthers 2-celled,
cells diverging; capsule about equalling the calyx. Hern, Cat.
Afr. Pl. Welw, i. 774.
- Var. 8. glabrescens (Diels in Engl. Jahrb, xxvi. 123) ; lower part of the
Pa pubescent, leaves subglabrous, inflorescence hoary pilose with adpressed
airs,
KatanArt Reeion, between 3000 and 5000 ft.: Orange River Colony ;
Besters Vley, near Witzies Hoek, Bolus, 8233! and without precise locality,
Cooper, 982! Transvaal; Saddleback Range, Galpin, 790! near Lydenburg,
Atherstone! Spitz Kop Mines, Wilms, 1080b! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6385!
near Pretoria, Kirk, 834! Johannesburg, Rand, 1043! Vaz. 8: Transvaal; near
Lydenburg, Wilms, 1080! ;
Eastern Ructon, between 2000 and 7000 ft.: Natal; Bushmans River,
Gerrard §° McKen, 584! 771! Nottingham, Buchanan, 146! Rovelo Hills,
Sutherland ! Noods Berg, Wood, 883! between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms,
2199! near Lidgetton, Wood, 7737 |
Also in Tropical Africa,
8. S. fastigiata (Hiern); an erect herb, robust, 1) ft. high or
more ; stem rigid, subterete, puberulous, minutely glandular, densely
leafy, fastigiately branched at the top, indistinctly trisuleate ; leaves
often verticillate and ternate, once or twice tripartite, somewhat
hispidulous-scabrid, warty with small pallid lenticular or oval some-
what viscid tubercles, about 1-12 in, long; segments reap
filiform, acute or pointed, 3-1 in. long, flat or revolute pri ; a
margins ; flowers spicate, numerous, crowded, sessile nein “ay
inserted singly in the axils of bracts, bibracteolate at the base, ee ;
spikes dense, rather numerous, fastigiately associated, ahi oat
the branches, 3-4 in. long; bracts 3-lobed, 4-2 in. long, pilose a
the base, with narrowly lanceolate or linear lobes ; bracteoles a ie,
linear-subulate, entire, cottony-pilose, about 3 in. long, inse ao
the base of the calyx; calyx openly hemispherical, fin gi rat
outside, 5-cleft, somewhat compressed, about ; In. 7 sone -
deltoid-lanceolate, about + in. long; corolla thinly membranous,
: in. in diam. ; h
veined, glabrous ; tube about } in. long, y4—s's in. in diam. ; mout
oblique, oval, about 2, by 2s in.5 Kimb spreading, oblique, searely
+ in, broad, bilabiate; lobes rounded, 3-5 "ki h low ; stamens
upper lip about 4 in. long, three of the lower Up saa on ella.
glabrous ; filaments curved, inserted about ea : — a s cohering
tube, unequal, somewhat flattened, ;4-} in. long; 6 si dy ies
Somewhat viscid ; pistil glabrous ; ovary a ,2 - , - Pi
long; style arching, exserted, } in. long or rather more; stig |
slightly thickened, sublanceolate. a
oc
388 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). ‘[Sopubia.
BHastern Reeton: Swaziland; on the lower slopes of Piggs Peak, 3000 ft.,
Galpin, 1337!
General aspect of S. Welwitschii, Engl., but the flowers are smaller and
arranged in several fastigiate spikes; compare with 8. Welwitschii, var.
micrantha, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 359.
4. §. trifida (Hamilt. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. 88) ; a perennial
herb; stems several from the rootstock, erect or ascending, simple or
somewhat branched, subterete or obtusely tetragonous, glabrous or
sparingly beset with very short hispid hairs, leafy, rigid, rather
slender, 1-11 ft. high; leaves opposite, simple, tripartite or triden-
tate from the middle, scabrous, verrucose-lenticellate, whole leaves
or the segments linear-filiform, pointed, 3-1 in. long; flowers race-
mose, numerous, purple; pedicels 1-flowered, slender, up to % 1.
long, bibracteolate near the apex ; bracteoles linear-subulate, 73-5 10.
lung ; calyx campanulate, nearly glabrous outside or slightly scabrid
or minutely glandular, shortly 5-cleft, 1-1 in. long; lobes ovate-
deltoid, pointed, woolly-felted within, 1, in. long ; corolla-limb
about + in. in diam.; capsule oval, about 1 in. long, Benth. im
DC. Prodr. x. 522. Manulea Sopubia, Hamilt., lc. Gerardia
Sopubia, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ix 210.
Katanart Recion: Hells Gate, on the road to Spitz Kop, Lydenburg
district, Wilms, 1044!
Eastern Reoaion: Natal; Griffins Hill, Estcourt, Remann, 7302!
Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and India.
5. §. Eenii (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 462); perennial
herb ; stems several from the rootstock, erect or ascending, terete and
glabrous below, tetragonous and more or less cottony-scaly above, rigid, —
slender, simple or somewhat branched, leafy, 3-11 ft. high, as well
as the erect-patent or ascending branches virgate ; leaves opposite,
sublinear, obtuse or apiculate, not very much contracted at _the
narrowly decurrent sessile base, entire or minutely denticulate, rigid,
suberect, glabrescent, minutely sessile-glandular, 3-2 in. long;
za—s In. broad ; flowers racemose, rather numerous ; pedicels mostly
opposite, up to 2 in. long, bibracteolate about or above the middle;
bracteoles sublinear, sia in. long, obtuse; calyx yo long,
campanulate, deeply 4-eleft, glabrous ; lobes oblong or semi-elliptical,
obtuse, 7s In. long ; corolla-lobes 4-1 in. long.
Katanart REGIoN: Transvaal; Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, anid
mann, 4501! between Trigards Fontein and Standerton, Rehmann, 6757
between Standerton and Pretoria, Wilms, 1081!
Also in Damaraland.
XL. BOPUSIA, Presl.
Calye campanulate, 5-lobed ; lobes triangular-lanceolate, equalling
or rather longer than the tube, somewhat larger in fruit. Corolla-
tube exserted, funnel-shaped, ample, somewhat ventricose ; limb
spreading; lobes 5, rounded, entive, ‘not: very. amequel the two
Bopusia.] - SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 389
posterior interior. Stamens 4, didynamous, shortly included ;
filaments filiform, somewhat flattened, pilose at least near the base,
inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube; anthers 2-celled,
free ; cells diverging, oblong, somewhat curved, mucronulate at the
base, one cell usually narrower than the other. Ovary 2-celled,
gibbosely round, compressed; ovules numerous; style filiform,
slender, glabrous, exceeding the stamens, exserted, incurved above,
somewhat thickened at the stigmatic short bifid apex. Capsule
acute or acuminate, included in the persistent calyx, compressed
perpendicular to the septum, loculicidal, Seeds numerous, obovoid-
oblong ; testa reticulate.
Perennial undershrubs, turning slightly dusky in drying ; rootstock woody ;
stems numerous, more or less trailing or erect, leafy, sometimes herbaceous
towards the apex ; leaves opposite or alternate, dentate or nearly entire; flowers
purple, axillary, subsessile.
DistRis. Species 3, one in Socotra.
Leaves 3- or 5-nerved at the base, coarsely dentate
or incise-pinnatifid ... see ows ... (1) seabra.
Leaves without strongly marked lateral nerves at
the base, subentire ... o see tas ... (2) subintegra.
| ‘1. B. scabrg (Presl in Abhandl. Bohm. Ges. Wiss. iii. 521) ;
an ascending or erect or sometimes procumbent shrub, perennial,
hard, seabrid, more or less pubescent or puberulous, branched chiefly
at or near the base, 4-14 in. high; rootstock woody; stems and
branches obtusely tetragonous above, leafy, subherbaceous or some-
what wiry towards the apex; leaves opposite, subopposite or
seattered, ovate, oval, elliptical or lanceolate, acute, obtusely
narrowed or apiculate, more or less wedge-shaped or rarely obtuse
at the sessile or subsessile base, rigid, scabrid, usually hispidulous
with pallid hairs, 8- or 5-nerved at the base, coarsely dentate or
incise-pinnatitid, rarely subentire, green or slightly dusky when
dried, 1—11 in. long, 3,—1 in. broad ; teeth acute or pointed ; flowers
in the upper axils and subterminal, subsessile or shortly pedicellate,
4-1 in. long; bracteoles 2, opposite, sublanceolate or conn
1-1 in, long, inserted at the base of the calyx; calyx oa 7 ate,
deeply 5-cleft, 10-nerved, scabrid, hispid or puberulous eapecia Y va
the nerves, 1—2 in. long in flower, in fruit up to 2 in. long ; lo
‘5
. a 6 Z » " : z
triangular-lanceolate, acute or pointed, 3} in. long in flower ; corolla
tube funnel-shaped, subventricose, sparingly pubescent outeide with
pallid hairs, pink or peach-coloured ; limb spreading, }-1 be in
diam.; lobes 5, broadly rounded, 5 10. long; filaments fi yen
somewhat pilose at least towards the base ; anthers bn Po 8
apiculate at the ends; ovary somewhat gibbous ; picker “a
long, slightly thickened at the short stigmatic apex; ere ea nie
in. long and broad. Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 91. ag — fe
Linn. f. Suppl. 279; Thunb. Prodr. 106, and Ft. 8 ve
Schult. 487 ; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 833 ; not of Wallich. opubia
scabra, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 560. Melasma Zeyheri, Hook. Ic.
390 SCROPHULARIACE% (Hiern). [ Bopusia,
Pl. iii. #. 255. Graderia scabra, Benth. in DC. Prodr, x. 521
(excl. Burke’s specimens).
Coast Rra@ion: Riversdale Div.; near the waterfall at Garcias Pass,
Burchell, 7025! Knysna Div.; Knysna, Pappe! Zitzikamma forest, Krauss,
1621! Humansdorp Div.; near Kromme River, Thunberg ! Uitenhage Div. ;
near and on Vanstadens Mountains, Burchell, 4716! Zeyher, 375 (by error 370)!
Port Elizabeth Div.; between Krakakamma lake and the upper part of the
Leadmine River, Burchell, 4585! Alexandria Div.; Zuurberg Range, Drége,
2296a! East London Div.; Panmure, M7s. Hutton !
Katanart Reaion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 836! Transvaal ;
Johannesburg, Rand, 718! Crocodile Poort near Barberton, Galpin, 1073!
confluence of the Crocodile and Kaap Rivers, Bolus, 7676! Kloetes farm, Vaal
River, Wilms, 1218!
Eastern Region, ascending to 5000 ft.: Tembuland; Bazeia, Bawr, 341!
between Morley and Umtata, Drége. Pondoland, Bachmann, 1269! Griqualand
East; near Kokstad, Tyson in MacOwan S§ Bolus, Herb, Norm., 532! Natal ;
near the Umgeni River, Drége, 2296)! at the foot of Table Mountain, Krauss,
387! Inanda, Wood, 183! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 18! near Hoffenthal,
Wood, 3508! between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 2222! Oakford, Wood!
and without precise locality, Plant, 44! Gerrard, 1207! Sanderson, 3!
Gueinzius, 438 !
2. B. subintegra (Hiern); a perennial undershrub, subherba-
eeous, about 3 in. high or more; rootstock somewhat woody,
branched ; stems trailing or ascending, radiating from the crown of
the root, somewhat wiry, pubescent; flowering branches erect-
patent or erect; branchlets rather slender, firm, leafy, obtusely
tetragonous or subterete ; leaves opposite, subopposite or seattered,
narrowly elliptical or oblong, obtuse or subacute, not much narrowed
at the sessile base, more or less scabrid-puberulous, entire oF sub-
entire, {1 in. long, 2,1 in. broad, rather thick and rigid, some-
what dusky-green when dried, feebly 3-nerved at the base ; midrib
prominent beneath; margins narrowly revolute, scabrid; flowers in
the upper axils numerous, subsessile, rather crowded, {—1 in. long,
pink with a lighter shade within, Gloxinia-like ; bracteoles 2, sub-
linear, spreading or suberect, 11 in, long, inserted at the base of
the calyx ; calyx 8-1 in. long in flower, rather longer in fruit,
campanulate, deeply 5-cleft, 10-nerved, scabrid-puberulous ; lobes
triangular-lanceolate, acute, about + in. long; corolla-tube funnel-
shaped, subventricose, more or less pubescent outside with pallid
hairs ; limb spreading, $—1 in. in diam.; lobes broadly rounded,
3-4 Mm. long in flower, rather longer in fruit ; filaments bearded ;
style slender, exceeding the stamens, glabrous ; stigma small, sub-
globose, bifid ; ovary gibbous, glabrous; fruit ovoid-oblong, glab-
rous, compressed, 1 in. long, 1, in. broad below, included with the
calyx, Graderia subintegra, Mast. in Gard. Chron. 1893, xiv. 798,
fig. 122. G. seabra, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 521 as to Burke's
Hee only. G. scabra, var. subintegra, Bolus § MacOwan ev
Katanart Recion: Transvaal; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus,
3090! hills above the Aapies River, Rehmann, 4264! Johannesburg, Nelson!
Bopusia.] SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). 391
Magalies Berg, Burke ! Woodbush (Houtbosch) Mountains, Barber, 8! Barberton,
Galpin, 444! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1219! and without precise locality,
Zeyher, 1312! 1318!
XLI, BUCHNERA, Linn.
Calyx tubular, 8-10-nerved, 4- or 5-dentate ; tube cylindrical,
narrow, usually 5~10-ribbed; teeth short, acute. Corolla-tube
slender, straight or gently incurved; limb spreading; lobes 4 or 5
or rarely 6, obtuse, entire, not very unequal, flat, the two posterior
interior. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, inserted about the
middle of the corolla-tube, all perfect and nearly equal; anthers
1-celled, erect, dorsifixed, acute, blunt at the base. Ovary 2-celled ;
ovules numerous ; style straight, included, thickened or clavate at
the stigmatic apex, entire or emarginate. Capsule oblong, loculieidal ;
valves coriaceous, entire. Seeds numerous, obovoid, or oblong;
testa tight, reticulate.
Rather rigid herbs, usually somewhat scabrid, turning dusky in drying,
probably parasitical; leaves green in the living state, opposite or quasi-verti-
cillate, or the upper alternate, the lowest usually obovate, entire or dentate, the
upper narrow, entire or denticulate, the floral reduced to bracts ; flowers sessile
or subsessile in the axils of the upper leaves or bracts, bibracteolate, forming
spikes terminating the stem and branches, blue, purple or white, usually small
and numerous,
Distriz. Species about 75, dispersed over the hotter parts of the world,
Calyx-tube glabrous outside or nearly so; flowers
3-3 in. long: : 2
Corolla-tube more or less pilose outside:
Bracts }-} in. long; agar tot _
long; flowers deep purple or pale
Nat a eg nig Praise (1) dura,
Bracts +4,-1 in. long; bracteoles 7';~75 10. : é
long; flowers blue dye ass zee e iN aagpae
Corolla-tube glabrous arse i. nearly ee - (3) glabra
- ispi ide; flowers {- \.
ea a
1. B. dura (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 366) ; an erect
or suberect “se hispidulous or nearly glabrous, pate rst:
2-2 ft. high, simple or branched, rigid, apparently sapien ~
black in drying; stems firm, rather slender, obtusely quadrangu “
or near the base subterete, furrowed above, somewhat woody at the
base, leafy ; branches ascending or suberect 3 leaves a oa the
upper alternate, obovate, oblanceolate or sublinear, roun ‘te a —
attenuate or somewhat narrowed at the base, eeenile or ie Dpe ° ate,
entire, firmly herbaceous, hispidulous-scabrid, ee ge ong,
z4-2 in. broad, the lower the broader and Pv * _—
Spicate, numerous, deep purple or pale aot - u Piven 8
spikes elongating, narrow, dense above, at length Jax an p
a ~7 in. long; pedicels very short ;
below, not markedly tetragonal, 1 : cae ei ee eee
bract ovate, coneave, acute, elaspi
392 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [ Buchnera.
glabrous, 2-1 in. long; bracteoles smaller, acute or subulate,
35-2 in. long; calyx oblong, +} in. long in flower, } in. long in
fruit ; tube 1—1 in. long, glabrous or nearly so, 8- or 10-ribbed ; lobes
4 or 5, ovate or lanceolate or subulate, acute, ciliate, otherwise
glabrous, unequal, ~~; in. long; corolla-tube slender, about
1-8 in. long, finely ‘and sparingly pilose outside ; limb at length
spreading, quincuncial in bud ; lobes oval or obovate, glabrous on
both faces, ;+,—1 in. long, rounded at the apex, emarginate, minutely
undulate on the margin; stamens and style included within the
corolla-tube ; capsule oval-oblong, about 1 in. long; seeds irregularly
oval or oblong, numerous, nerved, somewhat reticulate. Benth. in
DC. Prodr. x. 496; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834; O Kuntze, Rev.
Coast Reaion: Ceres Div.; Skurfdeberg Range, Zeyher ! Worcester Div. ;
Hex River Mountains, Rehmann, 2697! Caledon Div.; Zondereinde River,
Zeyher, 3492! near Donkerhoek, Schlechter, 3710! Knysna Div.; Zitzikamma,
Krauss, 1618. Uitenhage Div.; Galgebosch, Drége, 4859a! at the foot of
Witte Klip, MacOwan, 641! Port Elizabeth Div.; between Krakakamma lake
and the upper part of the Leadmine River, Burchell, 4601! Alexandria Div. ;
Oliphants Hoek, Ecklon, 235! 241! between Hoffmanns Kloof and Dreifontein,
Drége. Bathurst Div.; between Blue Krantz and Kaffirs Drift, Burchell,
3715! near Theopolis, Burchell, 4119! Albany Div.; Grahamstown, MacOwan!
Howisons Poort, Hutton! King Williamstown Div,; between Kachu (Yellow-
wood) River and Zandplaat, Drege, 4859c! Perie wood, Kuntze! Stutterheim
Div. ; near Fort Cunninghame, Bolus, 8750!
Katanari Reeion, between 4000 and 5000 ft.: Transvaal; Saddleback
a Galpin, 1825! Spitzkop, Wilms, 1036! near Middelburg, Schlechter,
Eastern Recion: Transkei; Tsomo River, Bowker, 819! Tembuland;
Tabase, near Bazeia, Bawr, 349! near Cala, Bolus, 8749! Pondoland; between
St. Johns and Umtsikaba Rivers, Drége! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 44! near
Durban, Wond, 168! between the Umzimkulu and Umkomanzi Rivers, Drege;
near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 1618 ; Attercliffe, Sanderson, 246! and withvut
precise locality, Sanderson, 441! Gerrard, 41!
Also in Tropical Africa.
2. B. brevibractealis (Hiern); an annual herb, rather rigid,
erect or procumbent, branched from the base upwards, turning dusky
in drying, 1-2 ft. high; stems and branches rather slender, witys
subterete or obtusely quadrangular, leafy, glandular-hispidulous ;
leaves opposite or pseudo-fasciculate or the uppermost scattered,
linear or the lower spathulate or oblaneeolate, obtuse or apiculate,
more or less narrowed at the sessile or shortly petiolate base, entire
or repand, scabrid, glandular-hispidulous, 1-21 in. long, so—+ ™
broad ; flowers bright blue, spicate, numerous, erowded, 3-3 in. long;
spikes not markedly quadrangular, erect or suberect, many-flowered, 2
dense and short in flower, elongating and at the base rather lax,
terminating the stems and branches, 1-8 in. long; pedicels very
short or obsolete, opposite, scattered or subverticillate; bracts ovate,
pointed, ciliate, otherwise minutely glandular-hispidulous oF sub-
glabrous, concave, adpressed to the calyx-tube, y5-} im. long; —
Buchnera.} SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern), : 393
bracteoles linear-boat-shaped, acute, ~,—, in. long, adpressed
ciliate, somewhat hispidulons on the back; calyx narrow, glandular-
hispidulous outside, about 1 in. long; tube narrowly cylindrical,
10-ribbed, 2 in. long; teeth 5, lanceolate-subulate, ciliate, 34;—;; in.
long; corolla-tube cylindrical, slender, on the exposed part outside
pilose-hispid with loose whitish hairs, inside finely pilose about the
throat, 1—3 in. long ; limb spreading ; lobes 5, oval-obovate, glabrous in
front, entire, 3—! in. long, nearly glabrous or somewhat hairy about
the base on the back; capsule ovoid-oval, obtuse, } in. long,
5-1 in. broad ; seeds nerved, somewhat reticulate.
KALAHARI ReEGIon: Transvaal; near Spitzkop, Wilms, 1035! Makapans
Berg, at Stryd Poort, Rehmann, 5430! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6201! Donkers
Hoek, Rehmann, 6558! valley at Pilgrims Rest, Roe in Herb. Bolus, 2645!
Greenstock, plains by the Crocodile River, near Barberton, Galpin, 1076! near
Broukhorst Spruit, Wilms, 1225 ! near Pretoria, Kirk, 40!
3. B. glabrata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 366); an
erect, decumbent or ascending herb, glabrous, subglabrous or
hispidulous at the base, annual, 2-24 ft. high or more, leafy at the
base and sometimes also upwards, turning black in drying ; stem
simple or loosely branched, slender, firm, terete or obtusely tetra-
gonal; branches very slender; leaves oval, obovate or oblong,
rounded or obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base sometimes abruptly so,
sessile or shortly petiolate, glabrous or scabrid-hispidulous above,
on the nerves beneath and along the margin, firmly herbaceous,
entire or somewhat dentate, 3-2} in. long, yg-} Im. broad ; lower
leaves crowded and 3-nerved at the base, the upper usually few,
opposite or subopposite or some of the leaves quasi-fasciculate ;
flowers rather numerous, white or blue, about 3 in. long ; spikes
terminal, dense or subcapitate in flower, elongated and oblong and
less dense in fruit, not markedly tetragonal, 3-2 in. long ; pedicels
very short ; bracts ovate, acute, concave, ciliate, otherwise glabrous,
2-1 in. long; bracteoles boat-shaped, acute, ciliate, otherwise
glabrous, ;};—} in. long ; calyx campanulate-oblong, 2-1 in. long;
tube 1-1 in. long, glabrous, usually 8-ribbed ; lobes 4 or 5, ovate or
lanceolate, pointed, ciliate, otherwise glabrous or very nearly so;
corolla-tube 1—1 in. long, eylindrical, rather slender, glabrous or very
nearly so; limb speading ; lobes 5 or rarely 6, oval, glabrous,
11 in, long; stamens and style included within the corolla-tube ;
capsule oval-oblong, about 2 in. long. Benth. in DC. ite
x.495, Erinus simplex, Thunb. Prodr.102, and Fl. Cap. ed. Se iult.
474,
Coast Reaion, ascending to
Harvey? Caps-Div-g ales Bays Thunberg ! tig Seng Rese ree lg
(e a > ’
Dod, 2529 ! Flats near Rondebosch, egg by the Kowie River, Zeyher!
. ox rst Div. .
Palmiet River, Bolus, 4183! Bathurst Bos sy neat Grahamstown; Bolton /
Albany Div. ; on the plains, Bowie! Wi aga
Fort Beanfort Dea Kat River Valley, Cooper, 251! nage ey i Div.; Kat
Berg, Drage, 3593! Scully, 147! British Kaftraria, Cooper,
Cunrrat Rea@ton : Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, at Schoongezigt, 5000 ft.,
Schlechter, 10178!
4000 ft.: Paarl Div. ; near Drakenstein Waterfall,
5]
394 SCROPHULARIACEX (Hiern). [Buchnera.
Karanart Re@ion: Transvaal; near Pretoria, Kirk, 42! Utrecht district,
Patteshall Thomas! near Lake Chrissie, Wilms, 1037! Hells Gate, near Lyden-
burg, Wilms, 1043! near Middelburg, Schlechter, 4106!
Eastern ReEGion, between 2000 and 5000 ft.: Transkei; Kreilis country,
Bowker, 202! valley of the Kei River, Bowker, 419! Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur,
390! Pondoland; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Kast Griqualand ; near Kokstad,
Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4175! Mount Currie, Tyson in MacOwan & Bolus,
Herb. Norm., 1221! mountains near Clydesdale, Tyson, 1982! Natal; near
Nottingham Road, Wood, 4400! Weenen County, Wood, 5730! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 2835!
The difference in the size of the flowers in the various specimens suggests
specific differences, but the delimination of such species would be difficult.
4. B. reducta (Hiern); an annual herb, suberect, 3 ft. high,
somewhat branched, seabrid, turning dusky in drying ; stem slender,
wiry ; branches suberect, tetragonal, glandular-hispidulous ; leaves
opposite, linear or the lowest oblanceolate, obtuse, somewhat narrowed
at the base, sessile or the lowest shortly petiolate, scabrid-hispidulous,
1-]1 in. long, ,—+ in. broad, entire ; flowers blue, rather numerous,
1_1 in, long, sessile or subsessile ; spikes subcapitate in flower,
dense, slightly interrupted at the base, terminating the stems and
branches; bract lanceolate, subacute, scabrid-hispidulous on the |
back and margin, concave 2 in, long ; bracteoles sublinear, sparingly
hispidulous, ;1, in. long, acute ; calyx 3 in. long, hispidulous outside,
narrow ; tube + in. long; lobes 5, lanceolate, acute, yz in. long ;
corolla-tube about 1 in. long, slender, somewhat puberulous within,
the exposed part finely pilose outside ; limb somewhat spreading ;
lobes 5, obovate, obtuse, entire, glabrous, j, in. long; stamens 4,
glabrous or nearly so, 3,—,; in. long; anthers acute.
Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; without precise locality, Mrs. Stainbank in
Herb. Wood, 3665!
; Imperfectly known Species.
5. B. erinoides (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 19); root annual, fibrous,
oblique; stem erect, herbaceous, terete, striate, pilose, branched,
2-3 in. high, with the habit of Erinus alpinus, Linn.; leaves —
opposite, oblong, obtuse, petiolate, erect, serrate, pubescent, { 10+ —
long, 2 in. broad; bracts similar in shape to the leaves but less
serrate ; flowers terminal, crowded in a leafy head ; ealyx tubular, —
obsoletely toothed, 1 in. long; corolla exceeding the calyx-tube,
blue ; limb regular; lobes oblong, cordate, spreading, § in. long.
South Arnica: without locality, Jarosz !
6. B. capitata (Burm, fil. Prodr. Cap. 17); stem erect, simple,
leafless ; leaves radical, lanceolate, undivided, entire 5 flower,
capitate. Not of Bentham in DC. Prodr. x. 495.
Sourn Argica: without locality, Burman!
‘3
There does not appear to be any specimen bearing this name in Burman $ —
rae of South Atrican plants now belonging to the Delessert herbarium at :
eva. :
Cycniwm. | SCROPHULARIACESX (Hiern). 895
XLII. CYCNIUM, E. Meyer.
Calyx cylindrical or campanulate-oblong, 5-dentate; tube 10-
nerved or -ribbed, straight; teeth deltoid-ovate or lanceolate,
Corolla-tube slender, elongated, subcylindrical, straight or gently
curving near the apex ; limb ample, spreading, 5-lobed, sub-
bilabiate ; lobes broadly obovate, the upper interior connate higher
up than the others. Stamens 4, didynamous, included within the
corolla-tube ; anthers 1-celled, vertical, dorsifixed, narrowly oblong
or ovate; filaments bearded. Ovary 2-celled; ovules numerous ;
style straight, included within the eorolla-tube; stigma not much
thickened, acute. Capsule oval, ovoid or somewhat conical, some-
what fleshy, acute or apiculate, loculicidal. Seeds very numerous,
small, ovoid or oblong; testa reticulate, subadpressed.
Erect or prostrate herbs, turning dusky when dry, perennial, half-parasitical ;
leaves opposite or alternate, entire or dentate; flowers large or rather large,
axillary or arranged in terminal racemes, bibracteolate.
Distris. Species more than 25, mostly in Tropical Africa.
Flowers 2-4 in. long, axillary ... ms cu ». (1) adonense,
Flowers 2-1} in. long, racemose :
Calyx not slit down one side much more than the
other side ; flowers: 3-1} in. long w+ ove. (2) TAaCemosum,
Calyx slit down one side ; flowers 2-$ in. long ... (3) Huttonie,
1. C. adonense (E. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i.
368) ; a perennial herb, low, densely cespitose, woody at the root-
stock, turning livid-blueish, at length dusky when dry; stems
numerous, prostrate, ascending, purplish when fresh, pubescent,
leafy, 1-2 ft. long; leaves herbaeeous-green when fresh, opposite,
spreading or secund-ereet, oval or elliptical, more or less acutely
narrowed or obtuse at both ends, subsessile or very shortly petiolate,
serrate- or incise-dentate, hispid-scabrid on both faces, sub-5-nerved at
the base, 1-3 in. long, 1-11 in. broad; flowers axillary, 2{-4 in.
long, at first white or pink, soon turning elear blue or purple, then
livid violet, at length when dry dusky; peduncles pubeseent or
hispidulous, 1_1 in. long; bracteoles 2, opposite, sublinear, adnate to
the base of the calyx, 2—% in. long, hispidulous-scabrid ; calyx
campanulate-oblong, loose, 10-nerved, shortly pubescent chiefly
along the nerves and margins, 1-13 in. long, 5-lobed ; lobes ovate,
oblong or semi-elliptical, obtuse or scarcely acute, unequal, }~} in.
long; corolla-tube slender, cylindrical, funnel-shaped. at the apex,
shaggy with glandular hairs outside, pubescent within, straight or
not much curved, furrowed near the top, 23-3} in. long, about % in,
in diam. about the middle; limb spreading, 1}-3 in. in diam. ;
lobes 5, broadly ovate, $—1 in. long, the two upper connate higher
up than the others; throat and filaments yellow ; stamens inserted
below or about the middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments bearded or
puberulous ; anthers obtuse at the base, glabrous ; pistil about { in.
long, glabrous; ovary 4 in. long, suborbicular ; style straight ;
396 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), [Cycniwm.
stigma lanceolate, 3 in. long; capsule oval or ovoid, obtuse, apicu-
late with,the remains of the style, obsoletely puberulous, about } in.
long. Drege, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. 3, and Zwet Pflanzen-
geogr. Documente, 131, 143,176; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834;
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 505; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 258 ;
Grant § Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 122, ¢. 88. C. longi-
florum, Eckl. § Zeyh. ex Oliv., l.c., 122. C.adoense, Benth. § Hook.
f. Gen, Pl. ii. 969; Drege in Linnea, xx. 199. Cyenium sp. M.,
T. Thoms. in Speke, Journ. Nile, Append. 642.
Coast Region, ascending to 2000 ft: Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Drége, 2295a !
and without precise locality, Zeyher, 204! Bathurst Div. ; between Blue Krantz
and Kaffirs Drift, Burchell, 3692! 3874! at the mouth of the Great Fish River,
Burchell, 8741! Salem, Zeyher, 3494! near Theopolis, Burchell, 4077! near
Round Hill, Bolus, 7896! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Burke ! MacOwan,
212! East London Div.; Panmure, Mrs. Hutton! King Williamstown Div. ;
Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 115!
Katanart Recon: Transvaal; Macmac, Mudd/ hills near Aapies River,
Rehmann, 4251! around Barberton, Galpin, 537! Matebe Valley, Holub!
Piigrims Rest, Greenstock ! Bezuidenhont Vailey, Rand, 879!
Eastern Recon, ascending to 2500 ft.: Tembuland ; Bazeia, Baur, 1159!
East Griqualand ; about Clydesdale, Tyson, 2007! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 50!
between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 2224! hills near_the- Umleas-Hitver,
Krauss, Sanderson, 220! and without precise locality, Gerard, 423! 518!
Delagoa Bay, Junod, 318 !
Also in Tropical Africa.
The hairs of the staminal beard are very beautiful; they are tapered, monili-
form, arranged as a brush, and restricted to the inner face of the filament.
in Journ, Bot. 1908, 196.
2. C. racemosum (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 368) ; an
erect herb, robust, scabrid-puberulous or nearly glabrous, 1-4 ft. high,
dusky when dried, simple or sparingly branched, apparently peren-
nial; stem somewhat angular, furrowed, leafy ; branches suberect,
ascending or subdivaricate ; leaves opposite or almost verticillate 10 ~
threes or subopposite or the upper alternate, lanceolate, oblong oF
elliptical, acute or apiculate, wedge-shaped or somewhat narrowe
towards the base, sessile or subsessile, subentire to incise-dentate,
1-8 in. long, ,-1 in. broad; flowers rather numerous, pink ot
white, 2-11 in. long; racemes terminal; pedicels short oF up to
% in. long; braeteoles 2, sublinear, filiform or subulate, 4-5 lm. long;
adnate to the base of the calyx; calyx prismatic-eylindrical, 10s
ribbed, turbinate at the base, 5-dentate, nearly glabrous oF hispid-
scabrid at least along the ribs and margin, $-1 in. long, pares
diam. ; tube straight, 3-8 in. long lying close to the corolla-tube;
teeth lanceolate, acute or acuminate, somewhat unequal, recy longy
somewhat spreading; corolla-tube subcylindrical, shortly oxseRN
curving near the apex, funnel-shaped at the apex, glabrous oe
or nearly so, pilose within below, 7-1} in. long; limb sp
13-21 in. in diam.; lobes broadly obovate, 3-1 in. long,
upper connate higher up than the rest; filaments bearded ; anh”
apiculate, obtuse at the base, glabrous; ovary fleshy, ovoid-coniet?
Cycnium. | SCROPHULARIACK® (Hiern). 397
style about 2+ in. long; stigma not much thickened. Krauss in
Flora, 1844, 834; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 505; Harv. Gen. S,
Afr. Pl. ed. i. 258. (. kraussianwm, Benth. in DC., Le. C.
Sandersoni, Harv. Thes. Cap, i. 31, t. 49.
Coast RxEGIon, between 3000 and 5000 ft.: Queenstown Div.; on Winter
Berg and near Shiloh, Ecklon! Ecklon S Zeyher, 240! Stockenstrom Div. 5
summit of Elands Berg, Scully in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm., 596! Kat-
berg, MacOwan, 869! Scully, 180!
Katanari Recion, between 3500 and 7000 ft.: Orange River Colony;
Nelsons Kop, Cooper, 894! Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek, Bolus, 8231!
Transvaal; Pilgrims Rest Mountain and Macmac, Atherston2! Greenstock !
Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5994! Saddleback Mountain, Barberton, Galpin, 693!
Eastern RxGIon, between 800 and 7000 ft.: Transkei ; near the Bashee
River, Bowker ! Kreilis Country, Bowker! Tembuland ; mountain near Engcobo,
Bolus, 8753! Pondoland; near Fort Donald, Tyson, 1663! Enshlenzi Mountain,
Tyson in MacOwan & Bolus Herb. Norm., 1223! Natal; Drakensberg, Evans,
355! Inanda, Wood, 13! by streams on Table Mountain, Krauss, 44! Fields
Hill, Sanderson, 471! Rock Fountain, Ixopo, Clarke? near Lidgetton, Wood,
7731! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1205! 1989! Sutherland! Sander-
son, 210! 646!
There is considerable variation in the indumentum, in the shape and length of
the calyx-teeth, and in the size of the corolla-limb, as well as in the Juxuriance of
growth ; but such variations fail to supply valid characters for specific or varietal
discrimination,
3. C. Huttonie (Hiern); a puberulous-hispidulous herb, erect
and much branched above, except the corolla turning dusky in
drying, apparently about 2 ft. high ; branches suberect or erect-
patent, rather slender, subtetragonous, sparingly leafy ; internodes
longer than the leaves; nodes not or searcely thickened; leaves
Opposite or subopposite, sublinear or oblong, obtuse or aries not
much narrowed at the sessile or subsessile base, dentate, zc]; in.
long, vs—i in. broad, suberect ; flowers numerous, 1n pretty
inflorescence about 1 ft. long and rather less broad, $-¢ I. one
purple when dried; racemes numerous, terminating os ie Hs ;
pedicels 2-8 in, long, axillary or supra-axillary 3 prt sd 5,
opposite, subulate, hispidulous, inserted on the ate u cet
and near its base, ;!;—;25 in. long, usually squarrose 3 ca a bs coe
and narrow in flower, ovoid-oblong in fruit, 10- or 11-ribbed, te
lous on the ribs outside, glabrous within, about } In. long in flower,
31 i i lit about 2-way down one side in
+ in. long in fruit, 5-dentate, sil oa as in
flower ; teeth ovate-deltoid, often spreading, about sad 1 er “A =
flower, 11 in, long in fruit; corolla-tube subcylindrieal, stralg
curving above or from the slit in the eorolla-tube, ageiol =
funnel-shaped above, minutely glandular, i612 rea. “eco ies
the middle ; limb spreading, 1j—la 1. sie rn th rest ; stamens
vate, §~2 in. long, 2 upper connate hin -. "4 1 a inserted on
glabrous ; filaments filiform, flattened, y'¢ OT = '™- ropa oF ailate
the corolla-tube about 2 in, above its base ; anthers ce a et.
blunt, ts 10 in. long ) pistil about + _ long, portion ich Be kine
oblong, narrow, ;'; in. long; atyle straight, nob mu
398 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Cycnium.
towards the stigmatic apex; capsule ovoid, somewhat compressed,
glabrous, }—} in. long, about + in. broad, + in, thick, blunt, tipped
with the style or its remains.
EasTeRn ReGion: Natal; Shafton, Howick, Mrs. H. Hutton, 224!
XLT. RHAMPHICARPA, Benth.
Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft or deeply 5-lobed; lobes acute or
acuminate. Corolla-tube slender, elongated, straight or somewhat
curved ; limb ample, spreading, 5-lobed; lobes obovate, the two
upper interior connate higher up than the others. Stamens 4,
didynamous, included within the corolla-tube; anthers 1-celled,
vertical, dorsifixed, narrowly oblong, blunt at the base, connective,
very shortly prolonged at the apex. Ovary 2-celled, ovoid ; ovules
numerous ; style included within the corolla-tube; stigma not much
thickened, acute. Capsule usually beaked, somewhat compressed
vertically (the plane of- compression being perpendicular to the
septum), loculicidal. Seeds numerous, small, obovoid or oblong;
testa reticulate, subadpressed.
Erect or procumbent herbs, turning dusky in drying, perennial, probably half-
parasitical; leaves opposite or the upper alternate, simple or pinnatisect, sub-
linear or the segments filiform ; flowers rather large, axillary or in terminal
racemes,
oe Species 10 or 12, the others in Tropical Africa, India, and the
rient.
Glabrous or slightly glandular-puberulous, erect or
ascending at first, ebracteolate ;
Leaves pinnatisect ; flowers axillary, bibracteo-
fate <i, aes ve ae “ ... (1) fistulosa,
Leaves entire or few-toothed 3 flowers race-
: mose, ebracteoclate we ae ... (2) tubulosa.
Pilose, procumbent, bibracteolate ; flowers axillary... (3) montana.
1. R. fistulosa (Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 504); an annual
herb, slightly glandular-puberulous, otherwise glabrous, shining,
simple or divaricately branched, erect at first or in flower, after-
wards especially in fruit decumbent or ascending, 3-2 ft. high,
yellowish-green when alive, quickly turning black in dry1ng
stem sulcate ; branches opposite, sulcate, slender; leaves opposite
or subopposite, pinnatisect, 1-21 in. long; segments filiform,
fistular, distant, spreading, 1-12 in. long, with small: whitish
lenticular or oblong warty tubercles; flowers axillary, several, about
1; in. long, sulphur-yellow or pale-rosy ; peduncles ;1;—} in. tong,
bibracteolate at or below the apex ; bracteoles filiform, about 5
long, spreading ; calyx campanulate, at length saucer-shaped, deepl
ig He iphenss from an ovate concave base seg nd pene
© an erect or at length spreading acumen, 1—% in. long;
bee, very slender, arb ade hisiiaeahates towards the apex, about
1; in, long, straight or nearly so; limb very delicate, ope)
Ehamphicarpa.] scropuuartacex (Hiern). 399
Spreading-hemispherieal, veined, 273 in. in diam. ; lobes 5, rounded,
about 1 in. in diam.; stamens shortly included within the corolla-
tube ; anthers narrowly oblong, about iz in. long; style equalling
the stamens; stigma club-shaped, somewhat hairy-glandular, erect ;
ovary conical, somewhat compressed, glabrous; capsule obliquely
rounded at the base, beaked, somewhat compressed, $—-1 in. long.
Li. longiflora, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 368, partly, not
of Benth. in DC, Le. Macrosiphon fistulosus, Hochst. in Flora,
1841, i. 374. MW. elongatus, Hochst. l. ¢.
KatawARI Reeion: Transvaal; Boshveld, Buckenhouts Kloof Spruit,
Rehmann, 47861 near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1087! Marabas Stad, Schlechter,
4643!
Eastern ReGion: Natal; between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 22211
Also in Tropical Africa,
2. R. tubulosa (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 368); a
glabrous or nearly glabrous herb, branched or simple, turning dusky
in drying, shining, erect or ascending, smooth or slightly verrucose-
glandular, 5-24 in. high, apparently perennial, probably a root-para-
site ; stem tetragonal; branches lax, elongated, slender, moderately
leafy, sulcate ; leaves opposite or subopposite, linear or nearly so,
haitowed towards both ends, acute or pointed, cartilaginous at the
tip, sessile or subpetiolate, erect-patent, entire or sparingly denticu-
late, rather thick with immersed veins, 1-3 in. long, 3';—2 in. broad ;
flowers 3-1; in. long, like Phlox, purple, white or pale rosy;
Tacemes terminal, pedunculate, lax, simple or branched below ;
pedicels slender, rigid or firm, 1-flowered, }—1 in. long, solitary in
the axils of the bracts; calyx campanulate-turbinate, 5-cleft,
10-nerved, rather loose, 1-1 in. long, ebracteolate; lobes sub-
lanceolate, keeled, acuminate, subacute, 1-1 in. long; eorolla-tube
narrowly subcylindrical, $—-]2 in. long, more or less curved, glabrous
or minutely puberulous ; limb 3-12 in. in diam. ; lobes 5, spreading,
obovate, rounded, 18 in. long, upper two connate high up;
filaments pubescent ; anthers glabrous, ineluded, harrow, oblong,
Ys in. long; style shorter than the stamens ; stigma thickened,
acute ; capsule shortly and obliquely ovoid, }-} in. long and
broad, glabrous, shortly and obliquely beaked, somewhat compressed ;
valves coriaceous, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 504; Harv. Thes. Cap.
i, 36, ¢. 57; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 834. Gerardia tubulosa,
pohes J. Suppl. 279 ; Thunb. Prodr. 105, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
Cycnium tubulosum, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361.
- Coast ' 3000 ft.: George Div.; near George, Bolus,
» 9185! eh oe preg rg Bay, Bowie! Uitenhage Div. ; dnarshy
Places in the channel of Zwart Kops River, Zeyher, 81! 3493! Eeklon ! Enon, —
Drege, 35974! Port Elizabeth Div.; Krakakamma, Thunberg! MacOwan,
10y1! Algoa Bay, Cooper, 2836! 2838! Bathurst Div. ; near Port pave
Burchell, 4004! Albany Diy.; Glenfilling, Drége, 35976! Mill River, Gill!
400 SCROPHULARIACES& (Hiern). [Rhamphicarpa.
Slaay Kraal, Burke! East London Div.; Panmure, Mrs. Hutton! Komgha Div.;
by the Kei River, Drége, 3597d ! Eastern districts, Cooper, 2839 !
Katnanart Reeion, 4000-5000 ft.: Transvaal, near Pretoria, McLea, 155!
Kuntze! Wilms, 1086a! near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1086! Yster Spruit, Nelson,
322! Klip Spruit, beyond Maquasi Hills, Nelson, 237! near Wilge River,
Schlechter, 3748 !
Eastern REGION, ascending to 5000 ft.: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 329!
Pondoland ; between St. Johns and Umtsikaba Rivers, Drége. Natal; near Durban,
Drége! Cooper, 2837! Wood, 91! Wilms, 2180! Clairmont, Wood, 1156!
Glencoe, Wood, 4758! near Newcastle, Wilms, 2181! and without precise
locality, Gerard, 289! 822! 1208! Sanderson, 14! Krauss, 307! Cooper,
2840! r
Also in Tropical Africa.
Rhamphicarpa dentata (Tamus), E. Meyer, ex Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.
Documente, 151, 216, from Pondoland, between the St. Johns and Umtsikaba
Rivers, 1000-2000 ft., is probably a form of this species; I have not seen au
authentic specimen.
3. R. montana (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 129); a
small herb, pilose with whitish jointed hairs; stems procumbent
1-9 in. long or more, moderately leafy; leaves linear-lanceolate,
acute, sessile, entire or dentate, scabrid, 1-1 in. long, },—} in. broad ;
teeth lanceolate or linear, distant, up to 1 in. long; flowers axillary ;
peduncles 11 in. long; bracteoles 2, opposite, sublinear, +1 in. long,
inserted at the base of the calyx ; calyx campanulate, hispid, 5-cleft,
loose from the corolla-tube, 1—3 in, long; lobes deltoid-lanceolate,
subacute or subobtuse, 1-1 in. long; corolla-tube subcylindrical,
slender, slightly curved, glandular-puberulous outside, finely pilose
within, 1-11 in. long, 3,—, in. in diam. about the middle ; limb
spreading, 5-lobed ; lobes obovate, broadly rounded, 3—3 in. long and
broad, two upper connate high up; filaments pilose on one side ;
pistil included, falling short of the anthers, straight, glabrous, § 1.
long ; ovary ovoid, obtusely conical, compressed ; style nearly % 10.
long inclusive of the slightly thickened lanceolate-linear acute
stigma,
KaLauari RuGion: Basutoland; on mountains, 7000-8000 ft., Bryce!
Also in Rhodesia.
XLIV. HARVEYA, Hook.
Calyx campanulate or oblong, or in one species dimidiate, some
what inflated or lax, angular or ribbed, unequally 5-lobed ; lobes
short or deep, usually valvate in bud. Ovrolla tubular; tube more ¢
or less elongated and gently curved, subeylindrical or funnel-shaped '
or ventricosely inflated ; limb oblique or nearly regular, spreading OF ~
obliquely cup-shaped, 5-lobed ; lobes rounded or broadly obovate,
flat or wavy-erisp, entire or denticulate, imbricate in bud, the tw?
posterior interior and sometimes more highly connate than the rest,
the lateral sometimes reflexed. Stamens 4, didynamous ,; filaments
filiform-flattened, inserted usually about or below the middle of the
Harveya.] SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). — 401
corolla-tube ; anthers included or scarcely exserted, approximated in
pairs, 2-celled, one cell polliniferous and acuminate or acute or
mucronate at the base, the other empty long and subulate-acuminate
or rarely subobsolete. Ovary 2-celled; placentas peltate or bifid ;
ae very numerous; style filiform, somewhat flattened, radar
cker and longer than the filaments, bent downwards near the
apex ; stigma oblong club-shaped or linguiform. Capsule ovoid or
conical, somewhat compressed, bisulcate, loculicidal ; valves 2, dry
entire or nearly so. Seeds very numerous, irregularly oblong,
truncate, small ; testa reticulate, loose, hyaline.
Parasitical herbs, coloured in the livi i
; ‘bs, e living state, drying mostly black ; leaves
“onttargll bi Nawae ve —. or the upper scattered, erae inflorescence
acteate an ; i i
mene mien racteolate ; flowers large, brightly coloured or white,
a: Species about 27, the others in Tropical Africa and the Mascarene
* Both cells of the anthers developed :
} Flowers racemose: _
Corolla 3-2 in. Jong :
Calyx deeply 5-lobed; segments linear-
lanceolate... 3 a ae
Calyx 5-cleft about 4-way down ;
lobes ovate or lanceolate:
Corolla-tube ample-ventricose or
(1) purpurea,
broadly funnel-shaped :
Corolla-throat narrowly com-
pressed .. (2) capensis.
Corolla-throat round or oval,
not much compressed :
Anthers glabrous:
Stigma subglobose ;
calyx-lobes sub-
lanceolate :
Flowers 13-2
in. long ; :
limb 14-2 in.
broad va 1a) laxiflora.
Flowers about
1 in. long;
limb 3-1 in.
broad ... (4) sulphurea.
Stigma oblong or
oval; calyx-lobes
lanceolate - trian-
gular we os (5) euryantha,
Anthers hairy at the
.. (6) vestita.
Ee ee
Corolla-tube subcylindrical or
narrowly fannel-shaped :
Flowers 1-14 in. long:
Corolla-limb 15 i.
broad... cy eee
Corolla-limb 4-1 1.
broad :
Corolla-tube 13-15
in. long,j pubes- :
pd
(7) stenosiphon.
VOL. IV.—secr. IL.
402 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Harveya.
cent, | membra-
nous; __ pedicels
in.long ... (8) hirtiflora.
Corolla-tube 1-13
in. long, glandu-
lar - puberulous,
tough; pedicels
‘4-1in.long ... (9) Bolusii.
Flowers {-% in. long ... (10) paucifiora.
Calyx shortly 5-toothed ; broadly
ovate or subdeltoid :
Calyx rounded at the base:
Corolla-tube subcylindrical,
4-Lin. in diam. ... ... (11) tubulosa.
Corolla-tube funnel-shaped,
4-2 in. in diam. about the sedis
middle es us ... (12) coccinea.
Calyx somewhat turbinate at the ;
base = ae a ... (183) Hutton.
Corolla 24-22 in. long:
Viscid-puberulous above, 4-6 in. high ;
calyx 4—3 in, long in flower, 5-cleft
3-way down .., sii igs er
Glabrous, 10-16 in. high ; calyx up to qi
12 in. long, shortly 5-lobed oe C8) cathcartensis.
+} Flowers spicate or subspicate, subsessile
or on short pedicels :
Calyx more or less campanulate, not
dimidiate :
Corolla-throat about } in. in diam. ;
plants dwarf :
Calyx glabrescent or on the
(14) Bodkini.
nerves puberulous; segments :
subacute... of as ite) pumila.
Calyx glandular-pubescent ; lobes se
obtuse ... : ae ee i yb Randil.
Corolla-throat 1-4 in, in diam. : plants
3 in, to 3 ft. high :
Corolla-limb 3-1} in. broad... (18) scarlatina.
Corolla-limb 4-§ in. broad ... (19) squamosa.
Calyx dimidiate; 05°. eee ws (20) hyobanehoides.
** One cell of the anthers very small, radimentary, :
nearly obsolete. = ew
7. 1. H. purpurea (Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 249) ; an annual
herb, pale yellowish, parasitical on the roots of other plants, simp’
or branched at the base ; stem angular, furrowed, dusky, pubescent,
flexuous-erect, 2-14 in. high; branches erect-patent, subterete,
striate, dusky, pubescent; leaves seale-like, scattered or subopposites
ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or the upper acute, not much narrow’
at the sessile base, entire, viscid-pubescent, very pale yellow when
alive, dusky when dried, 1-2 in. long, #5-3 10. broad ; racemes
dense above, elongating; pedicels opposite or alternate, short me
erect, ranging below to 1 or 2 in. long, viscid-pubescent 5 racteoles
linear ; flowers 11-12 in. long or slightly more, rather numerous »
calyx glandular-pubeseent, very pale yellow, about 3-1,
deeply 5-lobed ; segments linear-lanceolate, erect, the upper ¢°
more than the others; corolla membranous, pale rosy °
Harveya. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), 403
t
coloured or delicately purplish-white or whitish; tube inflated-
ventricose, funnel-shaped below, somewhat or scarcely contracted at
the mouth, puberulous outside, 2-2 in. broad; limb nearly flat,
spreading, mostly 14-1 in. in diam.; lobes nearly equal, about 2 in.
long, lowest one marked with a yellow-ochre spot, rounded, wavy or
toothed ; throat nearly round, about 3 in. in diam., yellowish-white ;
stamens pubescent or shortly puberulous, glandular; 2 filaments
inserted on the lower side of the corolla-tube longer than the others ;
anthers all perfect. Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 351; Krauss in Flora, 1844,
832. Orobanche purpurea, Linn. jf. Suppl. 288; Reuter in
DO. Prodr. xi. 37; Thunb. Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 453,
excl. var. B; not of Jacg.; nor of Sm.; nor of Rafin. Gerardia
orobanchoides, Lam. Eneycl. ii.690. Orobanche uitenhagensis, Eckl.
ex Hook. l.e. Orobanche 7874, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-
mente, 125, 130, 205, name and number only. Aulaya grandiflora,
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 523. A. purpurea, Benth. lc. Oro-
banche 638, Zeyher ex Benth., lc. O. pratensis, Heklon § Zeyher
ex Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 91. Harweya (Pseudoharweya) pratensis
Presl, Le. ;
Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Thunberg ! Worcester Div. ;
Datoits Kloof, Drége! Bolus, 5361! Cape Div.; Muizen Berg, Bolus, Herb.
Norm., 378! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 5377! Caledon Div. ;
near the Klein River, Krauss. Riversdale Div. ; Zoetemelks River, Burchell,
6610/2! Mossel Bay Div. ; between Swellendam and Mossel Bay, Thunberg !
between Mossel Bay and Zout River, Burchell, 6334! Uniondale Div. ; Vingt,
Bolus, 2420 partly ! Humansdorp Div. ; near the Kromme River, Drége, 7874a !
Uitenhage Diy. ; near the Zwartkops River, Brehm! Zeyher, 638! 3517! Drege,
7874b! Albany Div.; near Sidbury, Burchell, 4195! near Grahamstown,
MacOwan, 91! Stockenstrom Div. ; Lushington Mountain, Scully, 168!
Queenstown Div.; Queenstown, Cooper, 2818! Hangklip Mountain, Galpin,
1767! ae
Centra Recion: Somerset Div.; Bruintjes Hoogte, 4500 ft., MacOwan,
48 !
Katanart Reeton: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2817!
Easturn Reoion: Natal; Klip River, 3500-4500 ft., Sutherland !
Eckl. § Zeyh. ex Presl, Bot. Bemerk, 91, = Harweya
re seear teteaie from Tulbagh Mountains, should be
(Harweyastrum) tulbaghensis, Presl, 1.c.,
compared with this species.
Pl. t. 118); an erect herb, annual,
parasitical on roots of Bleria muscosa and other Ericacee, &e.,
simple or branched, viscid, scabrid-pubescent, 6-24 in. i nee
angular, reddish, flexuous-erect or nearly straight, not paraged wnly
except below ; leaves scale-like, opposite or the uppermost alternate,
ovate or oblong, obtuse, not very much narrowed to the se any
entire, reddish, concave, 3—% in. long, 1-1 in. broad, - ae ;
flowers several, in the dry state 13-14 in. long, white 6 " a
or changing to pink or yellowish-white suffused with 18 - ae
Scentless or fragrant; racemes terminal, 2-12-flowerec ; pe 2m s
erect or suberect, up to 1 in. long or rather more, opposite “alk a
nate, bibracteolate at the apex or above the middle, viscid-pa rp ;
bracteoles lanceolate or linear, J ae long; calyx 4] in. long,
D m4
/ % H. capensis (Hook. Ic.
404 SCROPHULARIACE#& (Hiern). [ Harveya.
pentagonal, inflated-campanulate, viseid-pubescent outside, 5-cleft 5
tube rounded or flat at the base ; lobes deltoid or ovate, erect, {—} In.
long; corolla membranous ; tube exserted, glandular-puberulous
outside, curved downwards, campanulate above, subcylindrical below,
rather ample above, }—1 in. in diam. about the middle ; limb spread-
ing, 1-13 in. across; lobes. broadly obovate, 3—} in. long, wavy and
erose-crisp, 2 top lobes approximated and reflexed, 3 lower spreading
horizontally ; throat compressed, narrowly oval, gamboge-colour ;
filaments finely glandular-pilose or nearly glabrous ; anthers all
perfect ; style glabrous, exeeeding the stamens; stigma globose,
undivided. Hook., l.c., sub t. 351; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 524.
Orobanche purpurea, B. flore albo, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 454
fide Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 249. O. spectabilis, E. Meyer
ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsiec. Afr. Austr. 4. 0. lactea, Eckl. et Zeyh.
ec Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 91. Harweya lactea, Presl, Le. H.
spectabilis, Hook. ex Presl, l.c. O. Alectra, D. Dietr. Syn. Pl, iu.
624. Cf. Harwaya lutea, Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 728, and
Orobanche lutea, Steud., l.c., i. 728, 11. 231.
Coast Rucron, ascending to 3000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; Mitchells Pass, Wyley |
Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Cape Div.; various places near an!
around Capetown, Drége ; Masson! Zeyher, 1314a! 3631! Harvey, 206! Bolus,
3280! 3280b and c! 3379! Wolley Dod, 579! Bunbury, 153! Stellenbosch Div. i
Hottentots Holland, Gueinzius! Caledon Div.; near Genadendal, Ecklon:
Schlechter, 9831! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6929! 6989! Union-
dale Div. ; Viugt, Bolus, 2420! Humansdorp Div.; Storms River, Schlechter, 5957 +
. Western Recion: Namaqualand; Morris!
According to a coloured figure made by Masson and preserved in the British
Museum herbarium, the interior of the corolla-tube is of a yellowish colour, the
same as the narrow mouth, the latter measuring about 3 in. long, the upper end
of which is occupied by the stigma.
Harveya capensis, Wettst.in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 96, fig. 42
A—C, is not this species, nor is it H. Bolusii, 0. Kuntze. !
3. H. laxiflora (Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1897, 344); an annual
herb, erect or ascending, viscid-pubescent, 3-14 in. high; stem
simple, angular, rather slender; leaves scale-like, few, opposite,
ovate or lanceolate, obtuse, not much narrowed at the sessile base,
entire, }-1 in. long, 3. in. broad; flowers usually about 1}-2 in.
long ; racemes lax, 6—1-flowered, on the shorter specimens oceupy!N8
nearly the whole length of the plant ; pedicels alternate or opposite,
rather slender-viscid-pubescent, 1-2 in. long, divaricate or suberect; —
bibracteolate above the middle; bracteoles linear, 3-3 in. long;
glandular-pubescent ; ealyx campanulate, viscid-pubescent, unequally
5-cleft, $-13 in. long; tube 3-nerved; lobes linear-lanceolate,
s—% in. long ; corolla puberulous or nearly glabrous outside, lilae and
yellow or rosy, membranous; tube funnel-shaped, ample, gradually
widened upwards, more or less curved, usually 14-1} in. long; limb
more or less spreading, 11-2 in. in diam. ; lobes broadly ovate,
rounded, crenulate-wavy, 1—8 in, long; throat about > in. in diam. 5
filaments not pubescent, somewhat glandular; anthers all perfect 5
Harveya. | SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). - 405
style equalling the corolla-tube or shortly exserted, ‘glabrous, curved
towards the apex ; stigma capitate, subglobose.
Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh, Pappe! Cape Div.; summit of
Muizen Berg, Bolus, 3381! Wolley Dod, 584! Caledon Div.; Genadendal,
Kolbing !
4. H. sulphurea (Hiern); a dwarf herb, simple, 3-4 in. high,
dusky when dried; stem erect or ascending, firm, glabrous below,
viscid-puberulous above; leaves scale-like, opposite or subopposite,
the lower rather crowded, the upper less approximate, oval or oblong,
concave, adpressed to the stem or suberect, ;4,—} in. long, ;’;—} in.
broad, glabrous or viseid-puberulous on the back or margin; flowers
rather numerous, about 1 in. long; racemes dense or at base lax,
13-22 in. long, terminal ; pedicels unequal, the lowest 3—¢ in. long,
the upper very short ; bracteoles sublinear, 2 in. long or less; calyx
about & in. long, 5-cleft about 3-way down, glandular-puberulous
outside, narrowly campanulate, somewhat turbinate at the base ;
lobes sublanceolate, 1-1 in. long, unequal in breadth ; corolla not
membranous, slightly glandular-puberulous outside, sulphur-yellow,
obliquely campanulate ; tube somewhat curved, {-{ in. long, about
4 in. broad near the top; limb more or less spreading, $-] in. in
diam. ; lobes rounded, 1—3 in. long; filaments minutely glandular ;
anthers glabrous; stigma subglobose, undivided, glabrous, somewhat
compressed.
Coast RerGion: Clanwilliam Div. ;
2000 ft., Bolus, 9070 !
5. H. euryantha (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 184); an
erect herb, leafless, 6-12 in. high ; stem simple, obtusely angular,
puberulous with jointed hairs, minutely glandular ; leaves scale-like,
opposite, oblong, puberulous, distant ; raceme closely 3-8-flowered ;
flowers handsome, opposite or the uppermost alternate ; oe
patent or suberect, somewhat shaggy ; pedicels about equalling t ,
calyx, somewhat shaggy, erect ; calyx subturbinate, somewhat shagey-
hispid, 3—3 in. long ; segments lanceolate-triangular, obtuse, as long
as the tube or longer, $—} in. long; corolla 12-13 in. long, see
branous; tube ample, puberulous on the back, otherwise 7 y
glabrous ; mouth broad, throat ventricosely campanulate, $ en ong,
a little compressed laterally ; lobes patent, rounded, aed! . ri
sparingly puberulous outside or nearly glabrous, usually oe y roe
late along the margin, nearly entire or obscurely pinion a . a _
$ in. in diam.; stamens inserted on the tube of the coro > ove :
base, shorter ones fertile; filaments subulate-filiform, es gs y
puberulous in front, the shorter > 1. long, the longer $ ‘on ne
anthers glabrous, falcate, apiculate, spurred at the on 1e pani
scarcely 2 in. long, the fertile cohering at the apex and te : ;
Ovary ovoid, quite glabrous ; style filiform, sear incurve
the apex, about 12 in. long; lips of the stigma oblong or oval,
obtuse, 5, in. long.
Pakhuis Pass, Cederberg Mange,
406 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Harveya.
Coast Ree@ton: Bredasdorp Diy.; near Koude River, 1000 ft., Schlechter,
9633 !
6. H. vestita (Hiern); a herb, dusky in the dry state; stem
simple, erect, glandular-puberulous, leafy throughout especially
towards the base, densely scaly towards the base with abbreviated
leaves, 5 in. high; leaves opposite or subopposite, mostly oval-
oblong, obtuse, sessile, glandular-puberulous, entire, j—-} 10. long ;
& 3
racemes few-flowered, 2 in. long, narrow; pedicels {—{ in. long,
glandular-puberulous, suberect, arising from the axils of bracts ;
calyx 8 in. long, campanulate, rounded at the base, viscid-pubescent
outside ; lobes - lanceolate, obtuse, as long as the tube, glabrous
inside; corolla 124-11 in. long, funnel-shaped-tubular, slightly
glandular outside and in, veined; tube broadly funnel-shaped at the
prolonged throat, a little curved, about 1 in. long, about > im. broad
near the base, nearly 3 in. broad about the throat; throat > m.
long; limb concave, about % in. broad; lobes rounded, about 5 m.
broad; filaments minutely glandular, not hirsute, filiform, longer
than the anthers; anthers hairy about the top, beaked at the base ;
style exceeding the stamens and arching over them at the apex,
not exserted.
Sours Arrica: without locality, Lalande!
7. H. stenosiphon (Hiern); a parasitical herb, erect, scentless,
puberulous; stems simple, 8-18 in. high, bluntly tetragonous,
purplish, oily to the touch ; leaves scale-like, opposite or alternate,
few and distant except about the base of the stem, purplish, oily to
the touch, oval or oblong, obtuse, not much narrowed at the sessile
base, concave, adpressed or approximated to the stem, entire, $—3 1.
long by 4,—} in. broad or the lower smaller, glandular-puberulous ;
flowers red-lead colour or deep vermilion or rarely white, about +
in. long ; racemes terminal, 2—6-flowered, rather lax, 2-5 in. long ;
pedicels {-1} in. long, glandular-pubescent, bibracteate near the
apex; bracteoles lanceolate or linear, subulate, 3—% in. long,
glandular-puberulous; calyx inflated, loosely campanulate, 5-cleft,
purplish, oily to the touch, thinly glandular-puberulous, about $m.
long ; lobes ovate-deltoid, 1-1 in. long, or one rather longer an
very blunt; corolla membranous; tube subcompressed, exserted
beyond the upper calyx-teeth, slender, gradually widening upwards —
from the top of the calyx-tube, somewhat glandular outside, nearly
straight or curved, 11-11 in. long, ;4,—), in. broad at the narrow
part, {-} in. broad at the top; limb spreading, 13-2 in. in diam. ;
lobes broadly obovate, subtruncate, rugose-veined, erenulate-repand,
subequal in length, 3-2 in. long, deep scarlet above, paler beneath ;
mouth about 3 in. in diam. or rather less ; stamens glabrous oF very
nearly so, apparently all perfect; style glabrous; stigma incurve’,
capitate, obovoid, scarcely or shortly exserted, nearly filling the
throat of the corolla.
Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.: slo f the Langeberg Range, nea!
, pes of the Langeberg
Swellendam, 1200 ft., Bolus, 100! Borcherds in Herb. Bolus, 5948! and —
Harveya.) SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 407
MacOwan S§ Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1833! Riversdale Div. ; by a stream near the
summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7065!
8. H. hirtiflora (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 184); an erect
herb, 4-8 in. high; stem somewhat strict, simple, leafless, roundly
angular, puberulous with jointed hairs, minutely glandular ; leaves
scale-like, obtuse, mostly opposite, approximated at the base of the
stem, distant above ; racemes 4—8-flowered ; flowers approximated,
at times somewhat corymbose, bracts obovate or subspathulate or
sometimes narrower, obtuse, hairy, exceeding the pedicels; pedicels
11 in, long, hirsute or shaggy, subterete ; calyx subcampanulate,
hirsute or shaggy, 1-3 in. long; segments erect, lanceolate, acute or
subacute, about as long as the tube; corolla brilliantly scarlet in
front, paler and yellowish outside, membranous, 12-14 in. long;
tube from a subcylindrical base gradually dilated towards the throat,
hirsute, gently curved, #12 in. long, at the middle nearly 2 in. in
diam., at the throat 1% in. in diam.; limb 4-1 in. in diam. ; lobes
patent, rounded, very obtuse, very minutely ciliolate, about 2 in. long;
filaments glabrous or sparingly glandular-pilose, inserted above the
middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers subfalcate, spurred at the base,
all fertile; spur acute, about 'y in. long ; cells searcely 3’; 1n- long ;
style exserted, filiform, quite glabrous, incurved at the apex, distinctly
exceeding the anthers; stigmatic lobes oblong, obtuse, 3!;— in. long ;
ovary ovoid, quite glabrous; stigma obovoid.
Coast Recron: Bredasdorp Div. ; on the stony parts of the hills near Reit-
fontein Poort, 150 ft., Schlechter, 9706!
9. H. Bolusii (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 284); an erect
herb, parasitical, simple or divided at the base, 3-15 in. high,
glandular-pubescent, whole plant of an intense scarlet colour shaded
with rich orange ; root (perhaps that of the host altered) sino ‘
stems angular, furrowed ; leaves opposite or the upper ee
scale-like, erect, adpressed to the stem or nearly so, oval, ovate,
lanceolate or oblong, obtuse or acuminate, not much narrowed at
i i i w or
the base, entire, 1-2 in. long, ys—s 1- broad, concave, fe
moderately numerous; flowers 13-1} in. long ; racemes terminal,
6216-Bowersd. 3-12 in. long, rather dense; pedicels ee
1-1 in. long, bibracteate at the apex; bracteoles narrowly oer -
subspathulate, 1-2 in. long; calyx ovoid-inflated, S<slath *
crimson, 3—3 in. long, glandular-pubescent at least about the i $
on each face; tube shortly narrowed at the base; lobes i ~
lanceolate or the shorter ovate, 3—} in. long, subacute; — tough,
not membranous; tube cylindrical-clavate, somewhat d ate om
deeurved above, 1-11 in. long, narrow below, about 4 - re
at the top, glandular-puberulous outside, gee La am om
abruptly separated from the bright orange anterior ( Voll _ ;
throat golden-coloured, but little contracted, roun as in. e " no
limb nearly flat, spreading, 3-5 in. in diam., bright re Mes 8
rounded, 2-2 in. long, }-} in broad, entire, searcely wavy ; Stamens
408 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). [ Harveya.
all perfect; filaments moderately or scarcely glandular-pilose ; style
clavate and strongly hooked towards the stigmatic apex. Orobanche
capensis, Thunb. Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 453 ; Burch.
Trav. S. Afr. i. 46, noté; not of Burm. fil. O. purpurea, Sm.
in Rees, Cyclop. n. 14, not of Linn. f., not of Thunb. Aulaya
capensis, Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed.i. 250; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 400 ;
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 832; not of Drege in Linnea, xx. 199.
Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, 500 ft., Schlechter, 9032! Cape
Diy. ; summit of Table Mountain, Thunberg! Harvey! Burchell, 681! Pappe!
Milne, 3! Bolus, 3897; Bolus in Herb. Norm., 888! Rehmann, 823! Bunbury,
161! Lower Plateau, Wolley Ded, 2383! Stellenbosch Div.; Stellenbosch,
Ecklon! Caledon Div. ; Bavians Berg, near Genadendal, Ecklon! Swellendam
Div.; Grootvaders Bosch, Zeyher, 3520! Zuurbraak Mountain, Galpin, 4391!
_ EAstern Region: Natal; hills near the Umlaas River, Krauss !
10. H. pauciflora (Hiern) ; an erect or flexuous-aseending herb,
glandular-pubescent above, 4-12 in. high, apparently simple; stem
angular-furrowed, subglabrous below, viscid-pubescent above ; leaves
scale-like, opposite or subopposite, ovate or oblong, obtuse, not much
narrowed at the base, sessile, erect, adpressed to the stem, concave,
about % in. long by 2 in. broad, the pairs distant; flowers about
ig mm. long, not very dense; racemes terminal, 11-3 in. long, 4-6-
flowered; pedicels ereet, viscid-pubescent, bibracteolate near the
apex, j—% in. long; braeteoles lanceolate-linear or subulate, ~;—% 10-
long, pubescent; calyx loosely campanulate-oblong, 5-cleft, about
yin. long, more or less pubescent outside; tube glabrous within,
+ in. long, shortly narrowed at the base ; lobes lanceolate, obtuse oF
scarcely acute, somewhat hairy within, 1-1 in. long; corolla not
membranous ; tube subcylindrical, somewhat widened towards the
apex, nearly straight or gently curved, about 2 in. long, 75 im. 2
diam. at the base, 11 in, in diam, at the top, sparingly puberulous
outside ; limb about $ in. in diam. ; lobes rounded, about 3 in. long
by ¢ in. broad, somewhat wavy, the lateral reflexed; stamens
glabrous; stigma oblong-clavate. Orobanche 964, Drége, Ze
Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 84, 118, 205. Aulaya paueiflora, Benth.
* DC. Prodr. x. 524. Harweya squamosa, Presl, Bot. Bemerk,
Coast Rearow, between 1000 and 2000 ft.: Stellenbosch Div. ; mountain
po Stellenbosch, Dréye ! Piquetberg Div.; Piquet Berg, Drege, 9644! Uiten-
age Div. ; Vanstaadens Berg, Drége, 9640 !
11. H. tubulosa (Harv. Gen. S, Afr. Pl. ed. i. 249, name only); #
puberulous herb, somewhat viscid or nearly smooth, erect or flexuous-
ascending, simple or loosely branched, 1-12 ft. high; stems an
branches furrowed or striate, often purple when fresh ; leaves
scale-like, opposite or subopposite, few, oval or lanceolate, obtuse,
much narrowed at the sessile base, entire, adpressed to the stem oF
branch, $s in. long, 2—2 in. broad ; flowers 2—1 in. long ; racemes
terminal, simple,
ee
13-9 in. long;
2-10-flowered, narrowly oblong, not very dense,
pedicels erect or suberect, ‘glandular-pubescent,
Harveya. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 409
1-11 in. long or less, bibracteolate above the middle ; bracts similar
to the leaves; bracteoles oval-oblong or sublinear, 4-1} in. long ;
calyx oblong-campanulate or urceolate, more or less ventricose,
shortly 5-cleft, glandular-puberulous, nearly rounded at the base,
1-8 in. long; lobes triangular or nearly rounded, unequal ,',—} in:
long, 8 connate higher than the rest; corolla white or purple, mem-
branous ; tube subcylindrical, glandular-puberulous along the back,
otherwise subglabrous, nearly straight or curved, j—-1 in. long,
1-1 in, in diam., somewhat widened at the throat ; limb openly
campanulate, less spreading than in most species, 3~—1 in. in diam. ;
lobes rounded, wavy, crenulate or denticulate, 1-1 in. long; stamens
all perfeet ; filaments minutely glandular ; style short, exceeding the
stamens; stigma obovoid-clavate, bent downwards, not exserted.
Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 525.
Coast Region: Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Ecklon ! Schmieterloh, 177! Devils
Mountain, Bolus, 3380! Table Mountain, Burchell, 643! Harvey ! Stellenbosch
Div.; Hottentots Holland, Gueinzius! Riversdale Div.; near the Zoetemelks
River, Burchell, 6613; near the summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7064 !
Uitenhage Div.; Witteklip Mountain, MacOwan, 1941! Alexandria Div. ;
Olifants Hoek, Ecklon !
CentRAL REGIoN: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 1712!
12. H. coccinea (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 183); a
root-parasite, viseid-pubescent, turning black in drying; stem,
bracts and scales dull crimson; stem erect or ascending,
ribbed and furrowed, rigid, 6-18 in. high, simple and usually
straight above, thickened and sometimes shortly branched at or
near the base; leaves scale-like, scattered or opposite, ovate or
oval, obtuse, broad and somewhat amplexicaul at the base, coneave,
entire, 1-1 in. long, 3,—} in. broad; raceme terminal, rather loosely
2-24-flowered, 1-12 in. long; pedicels opposite or alternate, sub-
erect, 1-1 in, long, from the axils of bracts or leaves, 1-flowered,
bibracteolate at or near the apex, the lower the longer; bracts
similar to the leaves, about as long as the pedicels or longer in the
case of the upper ones; bracteoles oblong or sublinear, 4-5 1. long ;
calyx campanulate, nearly rounded at the base, }—$ in. long, shortly
5-lobed; lobes deltoid or subovate, obtuse, 4-4 in. long, erect ;
corolla membranous, yellow on the tube, pink on the limb, via
fully expanded inclining to white, {—1 in. long ; tube funnel-shape ;
inflated upwards, curved, 10-nerved, glabrous inside, glandular-
puberulous outside, 3} in. broad about the middle, $-} in. broad
at the top; mouth oval or round, 4-3 in. in diam, inside ; ine
spreading or somewhat reflexed, $-1} in. in diam. ; lobes 5, he
wavy, 3-1 in. broad, glabrous above or nearly so, veined; fi 0 :
minutely glandular; anthers glabrous, alike, each of the cells - a
at the tip; style minutely glandular, exceeding the fame .
about the apex over the anthers, not exserted ; stigma clavate-
capitate. Aulaya coccinea, Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 23, t. 36.
: i to 6800 ft.: Cape Div. ; summit of Table
onan bensouiicr a ee dae Suattswinkél Bay, Bolus! ina wood above
410 SCROPHULARIACEZ (Hiern). [ Harveya.
Groot Schuur, Wolley Dod, 423! Bredasdorp Div.; Koude River, Schlechter,
9734! Stockenstrom Div.; Great Kat Berg, Scully, 395! Queenstown Div. ;
summit of Andries Berg, Galpin, 5719!
Eastern Recton, ascending from 150 to 6000 ft.: Griqualand East; Mount
Ayliff, Schlechter, 6524! Natal; Berea near Durban, Sanderson, 168! Wood,
841! Ingoma, Gerard, 1206! Swaziland; Horo Concession, Galpin, 1263!
13. H. Huttoni (Hiern) ; an ereet or ascending herb, simple or
somewhat branched, more or less viscid-pubescent, 12 ft, high;
stem and branches ribbed and furrowed ; leaves scale-like, opposite
or scattered, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, not much
narrowed at the sessile base, few, 1-2 in. long, ¢o—} in. broad;
flowers often secund, mostly 11-14 in. long, delicate rosy colour ;
racemes terminal, 2-12-flowered, simple or slightly compound,
rather lax, 3-9 in. long ; pedicels erect or suberect, viscid-pubescent,
bibracteolate above the middle, those of the expanded flowers mostly
2-]2 jn. long; bracteoles sublinear, 3-5 in. long; calyx loosely
eampanulate, somewhat oblique, glandular-puberulous, shortly and
unequally 5-cleft, 3% in. long; tube somewhat turbinate at the
base ; lobes deltoid or depressed, ;4;—} in. long, 3 connate higher
than the rest ; corolla membranous ; tube glandular-puberulous out-
side at least along the back, glabrous within, bent about the middle
and gently above the middle, gradually dilated upwards, scarcely
contracted at the mouth, $—2 in. in diam. at the top ; limb 1-1; m.
in diam., spreading; lobes rounded, wavy or denticulate, ;—- M+
long; filaments glandular-puberulous along one side; style tumid-
clavate at the apex.
Coast ReGion: Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg, 3000 ft., Hutton! Kaffraria; —
on mountains, Mrs. Barber, 26!
CentRAL REGION: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Koudveld Mountain, 5000 ft., Bolus,
2587! Albert Div., Cooper, 598!
ae Region: Transvaal; near Botsabelo, 4900 ft., Schlechter;
Eastern Reaion, between 4000 and 5000 ft. : Tembuland; near Cala, Bolus,
8751! mountain near Engcobo, Bolus, 8752 !
14. H. Bodkini (Hiern); a low herb, almost woody at the base,
erect or flexuous-ascending, branched or simple, viscid-puberulous
above, 4-6 in. high; stem scaly and terete below, quadrangular
above; branches opposite, ascending; leaves scale-like, opposite,
ovate-oblong or oval, obtuse, scarcely narrowed at the base, ey
glandular-puberulous, not scabrid, entire, erect or adpressed, concaves
about 4-1 in. long, j4-} in. broad ; flowers about 2% in. longs
racemes short, 2-6-flowered, dense, about 3 in. long; pedicels erect,
rigid, angular, viscid-pubescent at least on some of its faces,
pibracteolate near the apex, 2-2 in. long; bracteoles narrowly
linear, 1-3 in. long; calyx narrowly campanulate, somewhat turbl-
nate at the base, glandular-puberulous, 5-cleft, about 3-5 in. long
flower, 5 in. long in fruit ; lobes erect, lanceolate or ovate, obtuse,
18 in. long; corolla not membranous, rather tough ; tube su>”
cylindrical, somewhat curved, gradually widened upwards, about
Harveys. | SCROPHULARIACE# (Hiern). 411
2; in. long, } in. in diam. below, }-} in. in diam. at the top,
sparingly glandular-puberulous outside, rather pubescent along the
back near the top; limb spreading, 3-11 in. in diam. ; lobes rounded,
1-1 in. long ; filaments somewhat glandular-pilose ; stigma narrowly
oblong ; capsule conical, Z in. long.
Coast Rreion: Ceres Div.; on the slopes of the Skurfdeberg Range,
near Gydouw, 5000 ft., Bodkin in MacOwan 5 Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1834!
15. H. catheartensis (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. il. 234);
a glabrous parasite; stem leafless, 10-16 in. high, 2—} in. thick,
bearing a few scales ; scales alternate, ovate, adpressed, up to > in.
long ; raceme terminal, dense, 4—8-flowered ; pedicels scarcely § in.
long, with two oblong or spathulate rather small bracts and one ovate
very large bract up to 14 in. long inserted at the base of the pedicel
and covering the calyx; calyx subinflated-campanulate, up to 12 in.
long and 1 in. broad, shortly and obtusely lobed ; corolla white,
tubular, up to 22 in. long; tube } in, broad, scarcely curved, abruptly
dilated to 2 in. at the apex; limb bilabiate, up to 1 in. broad,
5-lobed; lobes suborbicular, wavy ; stamens 4, subdidynamous ;
filaments very short; anthers ovate, acute, included in the throat
of the corolla; ovary 2-celled; style scarcely exserted; stigma
thick, obconieal ; placentas with an ineurved margin.
Coast ReGion: Cathcart Div.; Cathcart, Kuntze.
16. H. pumila (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 344); a perennial
herb, stunted, 22-33 in. high, turning black in drying ; stem some-
what stout, scaly, glabrous; scales opposite, rounded, obtuse ; in-
florescence corymbose, abbreviated, 9-8-flowered; flowers subsessile,
pale rosy, about 12% in. long; bracteoles erect, linear, somewhat
shaggy, adnate to the base of the calyx; calyx 1 in. long; tube
subcampanulate, glabrescent or on the nerves puberulous; segments
linear or lanceolate, subacute, somewhat shaggy ; corolla obliquely
campanulate; lower half of the tube contracted, quite glabrous,
about 2 in, in diam., upper half widened, puberulous towards
the apex, shaggy at the base of the lobes ; throat above, } in, in
diam. ; lobes erect-patent, subquadrate-spathulate, rather small in
proportion to the size of the corolla, subtruncate, minutely sub-
crenulate at the apex, ciliate, glabrescent on the back, glabrous
within, + in. long and scarcely as wide below the apex; stamens
not reaching the apex of the ecorolla-tube ; filaments bearded at the —
ack; anthers subfalcate, acutely apiculate
base, puberulous on the b @ :
with the apex reflexed, spurred at the base, including the spur } in.
incurved at the apex, shortly
long ; style filiform, quite glabrous, v
exeeeding the stamens ; stigma-lobes subreniform.
Coast Region: Queenstown Div. ; in stony places on the top of the Andries
Berg, 6300 ft., Galpin, 2171.
17. H. Randii (Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1903, 197); a dwarf
Parasite, subherbaceous, growing on the roots of Vahlia capensis,
412 SCROPHULARIACEH (Hiern). [Harveya.
Thunb., from which it is easily detached; stem obsolete or up to
about 1 in. long, fleshy, densely scaly ; leaves none; scales broadly
oval or subrotund, broad at the base, sessile, entire, somewhat fleshy,
dusky when dried, viscid-puberulous outside, smooth within,
adpressed, ;4,—1 in. long, ;,—1 in. broad ; flowers crowded, several,
sessile or subsessile, handsome, about 14 in. long; bract oval,
rounded, sessile, concave, dusky when dried, viscid-puberulous out-
side, smooth within, } in. long, + in. broad; braeteoles 2, linear-
oblong, obtuse, sessile, dusky when dried, viscid-puberulous outside,
smooth within, 3-2 in. long, j,—5 in. broad, erect, inserted near
the base of the calyx and free from it; calyx campanulate-oblong,
lax, dusky when dried, glandular-pubescent outside, smooth inside,
5-eleft, Z in. long ; lobes erect or suberect, lanceolate-oblong, obtuse,
2-1 in. long, but two connate higher up than the others ; corolla
firm, fleshy, of a vivid rose-red colour (Rand) ; tube cylindrical-
funnel-shaped, glandular-pubescent outside, glabrous within, below
narrower than the calyx-tube, about 14 in. long, at the top about
3 in. in diam.; limb somewhat spreading, about 3-1} in. m
diam., ciliolate on the lower part of the lobes, otherwise subglabrous ;
lobes 5, obovate-rotund, undulate-crenulate, 1—,5, in. long, §-y in.
broad ; anthers glabrous, slightly cohering in pairs, 2-celled; the
longer cell narrowly acuminate; filaments glandular-puberulous ;
style exceeding the stamens, equalling the corolla-tube, subglabrous,
bent downwards and forwards at the apex, overhanging the stamens;
stigma dilated, unequally bilobed at the apex. Rand in Journ. Bot., 1.0.
a eae Reeion: Transvaal; on stony hills around Johannesburg, Rand,
The plants form brilliant patches of colour.
be 18. H. scarlatina (Hook. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 723,
Harwaya) ; a puberulous herb, erect or ascending, simple or some-
what branched, 3-6 in. high ; stem furrowed, obtusely angular when
dried; leaves scale-like, ovate or elliptical, obtuse, not much
narrowed at the base, sessile, opposite, mostly approximated, he
long by 3-3 in. broad or the lower smaller and imbricate, erect,
adpressed, concave; flowers spicate-racemose, 11-13 in. long;
inflorescence dense, 2-6-flowered, 2-3 in. long; pedicels very short
or up to jin. long, bibracteolate at the apex ; bracteoles oblong
sublinear, 3-2 in. long; calyx loosely campanulate-cylindrie™,
sparingly puberulous, about 3—1 in. long, 5-lobed; tube about
$-{ in. long ; lobes ovate-oblong or rounded, unequal, 3— in. long;
corolla tough, not membranous; tube subcylindrical, but little
dilated upwards, nearly glabrous, 11-12 in, long, not much curve’, =
about { in. in diam. at the top of the ealyx-tube and } in. in diam.
at the apex; limb 3-12 in. in diam.; lobes rounded, } in. long;
the lateral reflexed; mouth round, 3-1 in. in diam.; stamens
glabrous ; style exserted beyond the corolla-tube, tumid-clavate_ab
the apex. Orobanche scarlatina, E. Meyer ex Drige, oe
Hxsice. 4. Aulaya scarlatina, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 524.
Harveya. | SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 413
Centrat Recron: Aliwal North Div.; rocky places on the top of the Witte
Bergen, 7500 ft., Drége ! Hopetown Diy. ; near Hopetown, Muskett!
KAtanArt Recion: Orange River Colony; Doornkop, Burke! Trarsvaal ;
Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,
6059 !
y 19. H. squamosa (Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 723, Harwaya) ;
an annual herb, parasitical, 1-3 ft. high; stem ereet or ascending,
_ simple or rarely branched, fleshy, nearly terete when alive, furrowed-
angular, strongly furrowed and angular when dried, whitish or
yellowish, densely clothed with foliaceous scales at least on the
lower part, scaly-tuberculate below, descending deep into the ground,
glabrous or more or less viscid-puberulous especially above; branches
when present short, virgate towards the apex; leaves scale-like,
scattered or opposite, usually crowded, numerous, ovate or laneeolate,
obtuse or apiculate, not much narrowed at the base, sessile, entire,
adpressed, concave, decurrent, dusky-yellow, glabrous or somewhat
viscid-puberulous, 1-11 in. long, 3¢—z in. broad, the lower smaller;
bracts ovate or lanceolate, concave, 3-1 in. long, orange-yellow,
puberulous or pubescent; bracteoles opposite, lanceolate or sub-
linear, obtuse, concave, orange-yellow, puberulous or pubescent,
88 in, long ; flowers numerous, sessile or shortly pedicellate, 1-1}
in. long; spikes dense, many-flowered, elongated, 3-12 in. long or
more ; pedicels usually much less than { 10. long ; calyx campanu-
late-oblong, loose, erect, angular, puberulous or pubescent outside,
bright orange and yellow, 3—-{ in. long, unequally 5-cleft, uni-
bracteate and bibracteolate at the base; lobes lanceolate or ovate,
obtuse or scarcely acute, }—-g in. long ; corolla tough, not mem-
branous, brilliant flaring yellow ; tube subcylindrical, clavate, somewhat
arching, yellow, viscid-puberulous outside, - 3-1, in. long, gradually
and slightly widening upwards, 55 1. 1p diam. near the top;
limb somewhat ringent, 3-2 in. in diam., deep orange . be es or
sometimes dusky-orange ; lobes rounded, subequal, {-; in. long,
glabrous within; stamens all perfect ; filaments white, flattened,
somewhat glandular-pilose ; anthers yellowish or somewhat —_
glabrous; style exceeding the stamens, bent downwards re the
top, not protruded in the living state; stigma pee yellow ;
capsule conical, bisulcate, glabrous, § 1m- long; seeds Fa
subeylindrieal, truncate at both ends, 3; in. long, reticula ; ; :
loose, membranous. Orobanche squamosa, Thunb. Prodr. 4 , I
Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 453. Aulaya squamosa, Harv. eg fr. hie
ed. i. 250; Hook. Ie, Pl. t. 401; Benth. in DC. Pro iy, %. Y ~
Krauss in Flora, 1844, 832. A. capensis, Drege in erred xx. nag
not of Harv. Phelipea capensis, G. Don, ies yst, iv. j
(Orobanche squammata, Thunb. (sphalmate ex Don 0.)
me : ‘lliam Div.; between the
Coast Region, ascending to 2000 ft.: Clanwi D
Olifants River: sin pee: Valley, Zeyher, 1315! Brack —, msde hg oo
in Herb. Harvey, 239! Fignesed sca a Acsigiel Sen and Saldanha Bay.
Thunberg! Pi Drége ! Malmesbu “5 t ‘
Thunberg! scueweten Miss Mansergh in Herb. Bolus, 6339! Darling, Guthrie,
414 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), | Harveya.
2091! Cape Div.; sandy places near Smitswinkel Bay, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus,
8041! near Uiters Hoek, Krauss.
WESTERN Recion: Namaqualand ; Kok (Kook?) Fontein, Barkly, 2!
HastERN Recion: Natal; on sand dunes near Durban, Krauss.
20. H. hyobanchoides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 184);
an erect herb, simple, 4-13 in. high or more, viscid, somewhat
pubescent, parasitical on the roots of Aspalathus especially A.
laricifolia, Berg. ; stem succulent, about 3 in. thick below when
alive, mostly clothed with imbricate foliaceous scales; leaves scale-
like, crowded, seattered or opposite, ovate or oval, obtuse, scarcely
narrowed at the decurrent base, sessile, puberulous, ciliolate, deep
scarlet or the lower dusky-yellowish, 11 in. long, by 1—2 in, broad
or the lower smaller; flowers spicate, numerous, subsessile, 1i in.
long; bracts obovate-oblong, 3-11 in, long, deep searlet ; bracteoles
linear, 3-1} in. long ; calyx subcylindrical, straight, dimidiate, deep
scarlet, 1-14 in. long, slightly puberulous, ciliolate, one side with a
single linear segment about 1 in. long, the other 4-eleft with the
lobes linear-lanceolate obtuse and 4-1 in. long; corolla-tube eylin-
drical, nearly straight except the oblique top, glandular-puberulous
outside above, 1} in. long, 1-3 in. in diam., clear bright yellow or
orange outside, tough, not membranous ; mouth subvertieal, about
+ in. in diam.; limb subvertieal, spreading, dull olivaeeous green,
minutely glandular-puberulous on the face and margins, 3—2 in. in
diam.; lobes rounded, subequal, about 1 in. broad; stamens glabrous ;
style longer than the stamens; stigma clavate. Aulaya hyoban-
choides, Harv. ex Schlechter, 1.c. (Anlaya).
Coast Recion: Albany Div.; mountains near Grahamstown, MacOwan,
128! Humansdorp Diy. ; Humansdorp, Holland in Herb. Wolley Dod, 1516a!
According to Schlechter, J.c., the species extends to the Vanstaden
Mountains,
21. H. speciosa (Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 831); an
/ erect herb, sometimes decumbent at the base, glabrous or nearly 80,
3-33 ft. high, parasitical, dusky when dried ; stem simple, obtusely
angular when fresh, furrowed when dr , usually erect or sinuous-
erect; leaves all scale-like, opposite or alternate, not numerous,
ovate or oblong, obtuse or scarcely acute, somewhat narrowed at the
sessile. base, coneave and adpressed, entire, 1-11 in. long, 3-2 in.
broad ; flowers racemose, subspicate, on short pedicels in the axils of
the bracts, 2-31 in. long ; pedicels up to & in. long or less, bibracteo- —
late above the middle; bracteoles opposite, free from the calyx,
linear or nearly so, 2-12 in, long; calyx campanulate-oblong, loose, —
veined, 10-nerved, not ribbed, 1-12 in. long, shortly 5-lobed ; tube
subcylindrical above the campanulate base, 12 in. in diam. ; lobes —
deltoid or ovate, 1-1 in, long ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, narrowl -
funnel-shaped and gently curved towards the top, shaggy outside —
with turgid somewhat viscid hairs, glabrous within below,
within about the insertion of the filaments, usually 2-3 in. long,
s+ in, in diam. about the middle, white with yellow throat oF
Harveya. | SCROPHULARIACE (Hiern). 415
cream-coloured ; mouth oval, about 2 in. long; limb spreading, sub-
vertical, about 2 in. deep and 13 in. broad; lobes broadly obovate,
wavy, 2—Z in. long, 2 upper connate rather higher than the rest;
stamens glabrous or nearly so, subequal ; filaments about } in. long,
inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube; anthers ovate, acute
at the base, about 2 in. long at the apex with a very short blunt
appendage ; ovary finely pilose-puberulous, narrowing at the apex
into the glabrous flattened style; stigma club-shaped, glandular-
puberulous in part, exceeding the stamens, included, turned almost
horizontally ; capsule ovoid-conical, subcompressed, obsoletely puberu-
lous, about = in. long, enclosed within the floral envelopes, somewhat
fleshy. Orohanche tubata, EH. Meyer ex Drege in Cat. Pl. Eusice.
Afr. Austr. 4, and Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 145, 205.
Harwaya tubata, Hook. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 723.
Harveya speciosa, Bernh. in Flora, 1844, 831. Cycnium tubatum,
Benth. in DC. Prodr.x.505; Harv. Thes. Cap. i.32,t.50. Harveya
tubata, Reuter in DC. Prodr. xi. 38.
Coast Reeiox: Stockenstrom Div.; mountain slopes, Benholm, Scully,
374! Bedford Div.; summit of Kaga Berg, 3200 ft., MacOwan, 519! Kaffraria,
Brownlee! Eastern Frontier, Hutton !
Cenrrat Reoion: Aliwal North Div.; at the foot of the Witte Bergen
(distributed as Albert Div.), Cooper, 624! :
Kaanart Recion: Orange River Colony; near Caledon River, Burke,
416! Zeyher, 1279! and without precise locality, | Cooper, 984! Transvaal ;
Umlomati Valley, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1234! Spitz Kop Gold-
mine, Wilms, 1095! ‘
EAsterN REGION, ascending from 50 to 5000 ft. : Transkei ; between Gekau
(Geua) River and Bashee: River, Drége? Tembuland-; near Cala, in the Xalanga
district, Bolus, 8754! Griqualand Hast, near Clydesdale, Tyson, 2014! Natal;
near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 54! Weenen County, Wood ! Inanda, Wood,
* 387! near | Plant, 24! Rehmann, 8319! and without
precise locality, Gerrard, 775! Sanderson, Cooper, 1131!
In Hooker’s Kew Journal, iv. 262, Mr. R. W. Plant in a “ Notice of an
excursion in the Zulu Country,” referred as follows to a parasite found between
the Umsatense and Umgoa Rivers:—‘‘ A plant, which I imagine to be an
Orobanche (Harveya capensis, Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 118): its habits agree exactly
with that parasite ;. it produces a flower-stem of about a foot in Jengthh, besriog
five or six very large pure white flowers, averaging about 3 in. in ned it
is usually found adhering to a thistle.” Possibly it belonged to Harveya
speciosa.
XLV. HYOBANCHE, Linn.
Calyx 5-lobed ; lobes unequal or equal, one or two sometimes free,
all of them usually reaching the same level at the top. Corolla
clavate-cylindrical or obovoid, exceeding the calyx, more or less
curved forwards or nearly straight ; mouth of the tube oblique or
subvertical; limb cucullate or subgaleate, 3-lobed or 3-dentate,
: d or exserted; filaments rather
Stamens 4, didynamous, include é
thickly filiform, glabrous, somewhat flattened, inserted about or
below the middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers approximated in pairs,
1-celled, rather large, pendulous, blunt or scarcely mucronate at the
416 SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). | Hyobanche.
base, glabrous, dehiscing laterally from the apex. «Ovary ovoid-
conical, 2-celled; placentas geminate or bifid, very prominent ;
ovules very numerous; style filiform, inflexed above, glabrous,
exceeding the stamens; stigma thickly clavate or subglobose,
emarginate or somewhat bilobed. Capsule subglobose, fleshy, at
length deliquescent. Seeds numerous, minute, globose ; testa loose,
reticulate.
Low parasitical herbs, fleshy or at the base somewhat woody, coloured ; leaves
seale-like, imbricate, scattered, ovate or oval, coloured, adpressed; flowers
sessile or very shortly pedicellate, numerous, rather large, in terminal bracteate
and bibracteolate spikes,
DisrRris. Species 5, endemic.
Plant red or purplish; bracteoles obtuse; flowers
14-23 in. long; corolla-tube subcylindrical :
Flowers all sessile; spike oblong or pyrami-
dal see bs ise she “a .
Lower flowers shortly pedicellate; spike sub-
corymbose :
Calyx-tube glabrous ; corolla straight
or not much eurved; stigma large,
subglobose :
Stamens exserted oe ... (2) glabrata.
Stamens about equalling the
corolla, included ae ++» (3) rubra.
Calyx-tube sparingly pilose; corolla é
curved ; stigma subclavate w» (4) Barklyi.
Plant dusky-purple nearly throughout; bracteoles
acuminate; flowers about 1 in. long ; corolla-tube
obovoid — a a ss ae .. (5) atropurpurea,
(1) sanguinea.
1. H. sanguinea (Linn. Mant. alt, 253); an erect herb, 3-9 in.
high ; root parasitical on bulbs or on the roots of T'ripteris, Passe-
‘ rina, Aspalathus, &c. ; stem fleshy, sometimes almost woody, simple,
white, terete, densely clothed with scale-like leaves, as thick as a
man’s finger ; leaves imbricate, ovate or oblong, very obtuse, some-
what or scarcely narrowed at the base, sessile, adpressed or but little
spreading, entire, fleshy, somewhat concave, 1-14 in. long by 4-3 1-
broad or the lower smaller, pale rosy or scarlet, more or less minutely
viscid-tomentose on the back, glabrous within ; flowers numerous,
sessile, 11-2 in. long ; spikes terminal, dense, 21—6 in. long, oblong or
pyramidal, about three times as thick as the stem ; braet similar to
the leaves, about 3 in. long; bracteoles opposite, linear-oblong, 4-1in.
long, obtuse, puberulous or pubescent with purple hairs ; calyx
3-11 in. long, 5-cleft ; lobes oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, $$ in. long,
with purple pubescenee outside; corolla purplish, white below;
shaggy outside, subcylindrical, somewhat curved, ringent, unilabiate ;
lip obtuse, subfornicate, emarginate; mouth vertical, in. long;
anthers dehiscing on the upper side ; stigma thickened at the apex,
emarginate, whitish. Thunb. Prodr. 106, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.
488 partly ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 506; Endlicher, Iconogt-
Gen. Pl. vii. 82 ; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed.i. 249, and in Hook. Lontl
Journ. Bot. iii, 142, t. 3; Wettst. in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam.
Hyobanche. | SCROPHULARIACES (Hiern). 417
iv. 3B, 96, fig. 42, D—H; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 831. H.
coccinea, L. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 1, 418; Harv. in Hook.
l.e., 144, ¢. 3.—Orobanche species xthiopica, Pluken. Almag. Bot.
Mant. 142. Orobanche maurit. fl. purpureo, Petiv.. Gazophyl, 4, t.
XXXVIi. fig. 4.
_Coast Region, below 500 ft.: Malmesbury Div.; Groene Kloof, Drége!
Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Wright; Cape Flats, on the roots of Aspalathus,
Thunberg ! MacOwan, 1947! and in MacOwan ¥ Bolus, Herb. Norm., 238!
Bolus, 80386! Krauss, Drége, Harvey, 88! Uitvlugt, Wolley Dod, 1463! Caledon
Div.; Caledon Baths, Zeyher, 1814! Onrust River, Zeyher, 1510! Swellendam
Div. ; near Grootvaders Bosch, Zeyher, 1314! Riversdale Div. ; near the Zoete-
melks River, Burchell, 6733! Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Gill!
Queenstown Div. ; Queenstown, Mrs. Barber!
CentRat Reeaion: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, Bowker, 310! Graaff
Reinet Div.; by water courses at Bloemhof near Graaff Reinet, Rubidge in
Herb. Bolus, 479! q :
WeEsTERN Recon, between 1000 and 4000 ft.: Little Namaqualand; parasites
on bulbs, on elevated sandy flats and hills, Barkly! between Pedros Kloof and
Lily Fontein, Drége ! near Port Nolloth, Bolus !
Excellent ink may be made from this plant; the farmers in the Queenstown
district call it ‘* Ink-plant”? (Bowker).
Sometimes the calyx-lobes are connate two and three together for some
distance so as to make the calyx sub-bilabiate. The hairs of the pubescence are
moniliform, as is the case in other species of the genus. There is in the British
Museum a coloured drawing made by Masson at the Cape of Good Hope in
1775.
The Hyolanche sanguinea of Thunberg, Trav. i. 287, the “ Aard-roos’’ of the
Cape inhabitants, is Cytinus dioicus, Juss,
2. H. glabrata (Hiern) ; a parasitical herb; stem ascending, terete,
4-5 in. high, simple ; leaves scale-like, scattered, imbricate towards
the base of the stem, ovate, obtuse, }—-} in. long, j—-} in. broad,
somewhat fleshy, the lower smaller; flowers pedicellate and sessile,
ipicatocibltale spike terminal, rather flat on the top, 9g eee
size of an infant’s fist, 2-4 in. long, involuerate at the ane ne :
fleshy purple ovate or ovate-oblong obtuse ciliolate seales bs rac
oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, ciliate, purple towards the apex, hagey
on the back, 12 in. long; bracteoles linear-spathulate, 0 8
I-nerved, flat, 2 in. long, yellowish towards the boos or —
purplish towards the apex, shaggy with purple my en - x64
hairs; calyx tubular, 11 in. long, cleft nearly to the base a Do
back, 4-cleft to the middle in front ; lobes linear, — -
5-nerved, thin, equal or subequal, ciliate towards the hes ye aia
and glabrous below, purple or purplish and shaggy with moni
: . ular
hairs towards the apex; tube yellowish, glabrous ; corolla tubular,
cylindrical, aailabiate, straight, 2 in. long, purple, ee
thin hyaline septate moniliform or thread-like i . gee
1} in. long, about 3 in, in diam., rather narrower _ vith = obtuse
posterior side, obtuse, bidentate, about } in. long, wi Bor tacited
tooth-like lobule on each side; stamens glabrous, exserted, thers
at the base of the corolla-tube; filaments coopera ca pe
l-celled, oblong, obtuse, dehiscing by an oval apical p Spe :
VOL, IV.—SECT, II.
418 SCROPHULARIACEA (Hiern). [ Hyobanche.
2 in. long; ovary oval, glabrous ; style terete, incurved at the apex,
glabrous, longer than the stamens, exserted ; stigma globose, emargi-
nate-bilobed, large, capitate, lobes hemispherical. Hyobanche san-
guinea, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 488, var. B. H. sanguinea,
B. glabra, Benth, in DC. Prodr. x. 306. H. sanguinea, B. glab-
rescens, Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr. 4. H. sanguinea ?,
Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 225, note. Hamatobanche sanguinea,
Presl, Epimel. Bot. 250.
Coast ReGion: Ceres Div.; between Hex River and the Warm Bokkeveld,
Drége. George Div.; between Zwart Vallei and the western end of Lange Vallei,
Burchell, 5696! Queenstown Div. ; Queenstown, Mrs. Barber!
Crenxrerat Recion: Calvinia Div. ? ; Roggeveld, Thunberg ! Ceres Div. ; near
Yuk River, Burchell, 1239!
Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Buffels (Koussie) River
and Silver Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége ! Kaus Mountains, Drége !
3. H. rubra (N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 129); 2
parasitical herb, fleshy, at base almost woody ; leaves scale-like,
imbricate, transversely oval, suborbicular or broadly ovate, rounded
or very obtuse, sessile, fleshy, concave, glabrous, }—} in. long, 4—-i 1.
broad; flowers very densely corymbose-spicate ; pedicels very short
or obsolete; bracts oblong, obtuse, 1] in, long, 1-1 in. broad,
ciliolate, otherwise glabrous ; bracteoles linear, obtuse, ciliate, thinly
pilose on the back especially along the midrib, 1-1; in. long, Fa ere
broad ; calyx 11—12 in. long, acutely 5-lobed, sparingly pilose, back
lobe linear and free, the rest linear-falcate and connate to the middle ;
corolla 2-25 in. long, tubular, subeylindrical, not much curved, about
1 in. in diam. below and 4 in. above, not galeate at the apex,
pubescent outside above, glabrous inside above, pubescent inside
below, red; mouth very oblique, 2 in. long, with a very short tooth
at the base; stamens glabrous, about equalling the corolla ; ovary
ovoid, glabrous; style about equalling the corolla, curved at
the - glabrous; stigma large, slightly bilobed, dorsally com-
pressed,
Coast Re@ion: Mossel Bay Div.; near Gauritz River bridge, about 800 ft.,
Galpin, 4392 !
CentRaL Reeton: Graaff Reinet Div.; under trees near Graaff Reinet,
2500 ft., Bolus, 479!
4, H. Barklyi (N. E. Brown in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 129); ®
parasitical herb, fleshy ; leaves not seen ; flowers subspicate, densely
subcorymbose ; pedicels } in. long or less; bracts narrowly oblong:
obtuse, concave, fleshy, sparingly pilose, 3% in. long, ¢ in. broad;
bracteoles linear, obtuse, very slightly dilated at the apex, sparingly
pilose, 2~% in. long, 3 in. broad; calyx sparingly pilose, 5-lobe’, —
whitish? (V. EH. Brown), 1-14 in. long; lobes linear, subobtuse, —
1, in. broad, back one free, the t connate to the height ©
SE 2 ) res aoe
3-s in.; corolla tubular, subclavate-cylindrical, curved, 23-23 1
long, 1 in. in diam. below, 4 in. in diam. above, subgaleate an”
obtuse at the apex, pilose and red above ; mouth oblique, sig
Hyobanche.] SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern). 419
3-1z in. long; tube quite glabrous within; stamens glabrous, about
equalling the corolla; ovary ovoid, glabrous; style curved at the
apex, glabrous, about equalling the stamens; stigma rather thick,
subclavate, compressed.
Western Recon: Little Namaqualand ; parasitic on bulbs, on sand-hills near
‘Port Nolloth, Barkly !
5. H. atropurpurea (Bolus in Hook. Ic. Pl. xv. 67, t. 1486); a
parasitical herb, leafless, minutely glandular-puberulous, 3-4 in. high,
dark purple nearly throughout; spike dense, subterminal ; bract of
the upper flowers oblong or tongue-shaped, obtuse, patent at the
apex, + in. long; bracteoles 2, linear, acuminate, erect-patent, + in.
long; calyx veined, as long as the bracteoles, deeply 5-lobed ;
segments equal, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, three times as long as
the tube; corolla about 1 in. long, cucullate, veined, shortly tubular,
sparingly puberulous outside, glabrous within ; tube about } in. long,
zy in. in diam at the base, 2 in. in diam, at the top, obovoid ; mouth
obovate, widely open, oblique; lobes triangular, front one subulate;
stamens not exceeding the corolla; style shortly bilamellate and
stigmatose-thickened at the apex, glabrous; upper part of the
flower and bracts of a deep elaret-red, shading off into rose, with
yellow at base.
Coast Region: Cape Diy.; on the rocky slopes of Table Mountain behind
Klassenbosch, about 1000 ft., Welby in Herb. Bolus, 4987! Only two specimens
were seen. Tulbagh Div.; Winterhock Mountain, 3500 ft., Marloth, 1636 ex
Bolus Mg. !
XLVI. BELLARDIA, All.
Calyz ovoid, somewhat inflated, shortly 4-lobed, persistent.
Corolia-tube about as long as the calyx-tube, subcylindrical ; limb
bilabiate ; upper lip galeate, erect, concave, entire, rather shorter
than the lower, narrow; lower lip 3-lobed, spreading, middle lobe
the smallest ; palate bigibbous, prominent. Stamens 4, didynamous,
lying in the hollow of the upper corolla-lip ; filaments filiform ;
anthers free among themselves, 2-celled, oblong, all fertile ; cells
mucronulate at the base, distinct, equal, parallel. Ovary 2-celled ;
ovules numerous ; style exceeding the stamens, exserted or nearly 80,
curved downwards near the apex ; stigma short, somewhat thickened,
bifid. Capsule ovoid, turgid, somewhat compressed, loculicidal ;
placentas thick, bifid. Seeds numerous, small, longitudinally ribbed,
the ribs slender. :
An annual herb, viscid-pubescent, erect ; leaves opposite, simple, dentate or
incise ; flowers sessile, spicate. o8
The colour of the flowers is usually but not always yellow, but perhaps it is
variable in the following species. : :
Distrrp. Species 2, natives of Southern Europe, the Orient, and Africa from
north to south ; introduced into South America.
Pe 1. B. Trixago (All. Fl. Pedem. i 61); an erect herb, annual,
¢ Be 2
420 SCROPHULARIACE® (Hiern), [ Bellardia.
more or less pubescent, simple or somewhat branched, 3-12 ft. high ;
stem firm, beset with pallid spreading or deflexed hairs, minutely
glandular, subtetragonous above, subterete below, solid, pithy,
leafy; branches ascending; leaves opposite, oblong, lanceolate or
linear, obtuse, not very much narrowed at the hbase, sessile or the
lowest shortly petiolate, strongly and obtusely toothed, seabrid-
hispidulous, viscid-glandular, grass-green when alive, somewhat
dusky when dry, 3-23 in. long, 1~8 in. broad, mostly equalling or
exceeding the internodes; flowers sessile, 1-3 in. long, numerous,
quadrifariously arranged ; spike terminal, dense, leafy or bracteate,
oblong, elongated in fruit, 3-5 in. long; bracts ovate or lanceolate,
dilated or cordate at the base, equalling or exceeding the calyx,
entire or few-toothed, often acuminate, obtuse, viscid-hairy; calyx
ovoid, somewhat inflated, tetragonous, viscid-pubescent, 4—} in.
long, shortly 4-cleft; lobes deltoid, pointed; eorolla usually golden-
yellow, 3-2 in. long; tube 1—1 in. long; upper lip narrow, }-} in.
long, somewhat arched, glandular-pubescent outside; lower lip
dilated, bifid, 2-2 in. long, middle lobe the smallest ; palate elevated,
double ; anthers pendulous, blunt at the apex, more or less bearded
with jointed subglandular hairs or at length glabrous; style hispid-
pubescent, not very slender, exceeding the stamens, decurved towards
the apex; stigma somewhat thickened, obovoid, bifid; capsule
ovoid, coriaceous, pubescent, obtuse or shortly acuminate, 3—} in.
long, turgid, somewhat compressed, bisulcate ; seeds numerous, small,
dusky, ovoid, curved, longitudinally ecostate. Wettstein in Engl. Sf
Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 102, jig. 44 E. Bartsia Trixago, Linn.
Sp. Pl. ed. i. 602 ; Sibth. § Sm. Fl. Greeca, vi. 68, t. 585. Buchnera
africana, Linn. Pl. Rar. Afr. 13, and Amen. Acad. vi. 89.
Rhinanthus sp,, Linn. Mant. alt. 421. Trixago apula, Stev, in Mem.
Soe. Nat. Mose, vi. 4; Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 543. Rhinanthus
capensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. ii. 405; Thunb. Prodr. 98, and
Fil. Cap. ed. Schult. 457. Bartsia capensis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.
773; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 254; Krauss in Flora, 1844,
833. Bartschia Trizago, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen, Pl. iii. ii, 230.
Coast Reeron, from 500 to 7 ili iv.; Ezelsbank, Drége,
1336c, Tulbagh Div. ; Talkagh: Poppe ! Serod Bettechtay: 50677! Paarl Div. 5
Paarl Berg, Drége, 1336b! between Paarl and French Hoek, Drége, 1836f. Cape
Div. ; hills and flats around Cape Town, Thunberg! Burchell, 83! Bunbury,
151! Bolus, 8029! Waillich! Krauss, 1640! Harvey, 524! Drege, 13360,
Wolley Dod, 188! 683! Schlechter, 97! Hcklon, 316! 681 or 687! Simons Bay,
Wright! MacGillivray, 5701 Caledon Div.; by the Zondereinde River, Drégé
1336¢! Zeyher, 1316! Genadendal, Kolbing! Swellendam Div., Zeyher :
Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat B i iv.; Winter Berg; —
Mrs, Barber, 237 | at Berg, Galpin, 1730! Queenstown Div.; Win
CeNnTRAL REcron, 4500 ft.: Somerset Div.; summit of the Bosch Berg and on
Bruintjes Hoogte, MacOwan, 1652! M i yi
: ! Murraysburg Div. ; Koudeveld Moun
Bolus, 1249! Molteno Diy, ; Molteno, K bens |
WesTERN Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; near Ezelsfontein and on Roodeberss
ft.. Drége, 18360! Kamies Berg, Zeyher, 1245! 4700 ftey :
oe Rusion : ‘lranskei Div. ; near Cala in the Xalanga district,
Distribution as for the genus.
OROBANCHACE® (Hiern & Stapf). 421
Orper XCVI. OROBANCHACEZ.
(By W. P. Hiern and O. Starr.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, irregular, Calyx inferior, gamosepalous
with 2-5 lobes or teeth or divided into 2 lateral segments, bibracteo-
late at the base ; lobes open or valvate in bud. Corolla gamopeta-
lous, tubular ; tube cylindrical, ventricose or dilated above, straight
or oftener incurved; limb obliquely or rarely subequally spreading
or more or less bilabiate ; lobes usually broad and imbricate with the
two back ones interior. Stamens 4, didynamous, usually included
and without any rudiment of a fifth; filaments filiform or somewhat
thickened, inserted inside below the middle of the corolla-tube,
alternating with four of the lobes; anthers all or in pairs connivent
under the posterior corolla-lip or top of tube, dorsifixed, 2-celled ;
cells usually equal and parallel, mueronate or blunt; rarely one of
the cells of the anterior anthers or of all of them empty, subulate-
acuminate or broadly club-shaped. Hypogynous disk obscure or
rarely produced in front into an ovoid or broad and short gland.
Ovary superior, usually broad at the base, 1-celled ; carpels 2 or
abnormally 3, placed front and back ; placentas 4, parietal, eovered
almost all over with numerous anatropous ovules ; style simple,
terminal, bilobed, papillose above. Capsule superior, usually in-
cluded in the calyx, 1-celled, dehiscing by 2 placentiferous valves.
Seeds very numerous, small, usually subglobose ; testa foveolate-
reticular or striate-rugose ; albumen fleshy ; embryo near the hilum,
minute.
_ Herbs parasitic on roots, usually thickened at the base and covered with
imbricate scales, variously coloured but not green ; stems or scapes erect from the
base, short or elongated, simple or somewhat branched, more or less scaly ; leaves
reduced to scales, alternate, the upper pract-like; flowers solitary in the axils of
the bract-like scales, sessile or pedicellate, few or crowded in dense terminal
Spikes,
Distr1s. Species 100 or rather more, chiefly inhabiting Europe, North Africa,
extra-tropical Asia, and North America,
I OROBANCHE, Tournef.
Calyx persistent, unequally or equally 2-5-dentate or 3-5-fid
or divided to the base at the back and front with the lateral segments
unequally bifid or rarely entire, a fifth smaller lobe being rarely added
uminate, thin and brittle in
at the back ; all the lobes or segments ac rit
the dried state. Corolla widened at the throat, more of less distinetly
bilabiate, marceseent ; upper lip bipartite, bifid, emarginate or entire ;
lower lip 3-lobed ; lobes separated by prominent folds. Stamens 4,
didynamous, included; filaments usually thickened or flattened
towards the base, usually surrounded with a luniform gland above the
point of attachment; anthers usually cohering below the stigma ;
cells parallel or diverging, mucronate, dehiscing longitudinally.
Ovary ovoid or cylindrical, furrowed. Capsule dehiscing in the
422 oropancHacesa: (Hiern & Stapf). [Orobanche.
median-plane ; valves often cohering by the persistent style. Seeds
very numerous, subglobose, minute ; testa foveolate; embryo of a
few cells embedded in the endosperm.
Parasitic plants, usually more or less covered with gland-tipped papillose
hairs ; stems succulent, simple or branched ; flowers bracteate, with or without
bracteoles, spicate or racemose.
The principal genus of the Order. None of the species, mentioned in Drége’s
Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, as of Orobanche, belong to the genus.
Orobanche minor, Thunb. Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 454; non
Sutton ; is unknown to me.
In his monograph of Orobanche, pp- 97, Beck points out a form cr variety
** Promunturit” of O. Muteli, Schultz, as occurring in the Hantam Mountains
with the additional note “introducta?.”’ He dves not quote the collector’s
name, and there is nothing in the description to trace it. At Kew there are no
specimens of O, Muteli from the Cape, and it is probable that the Hantam
plant is 0. ramosa, from which O. Muteli differs merely in the larger flowers
(9-10 lin. long) and the more inflated corolla-throat.
1. QO. ramosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 633); scape pale yellow,
sparingly branched or quite simple, rather slender, scaly, 3-7 in.
_ high or more, nearly glabrous below, more or less viscid-pilose above ;
scales usually few, ovate, obtuse, 1-3 in. long or more, nearly
glabrous or glandular; spike rather lax or sometimes comparatively
dense, many-flowered, usually elongated; flowers 1—2 in. long,
glandular-puberulous, the upper sessile, lower shortly pedunculate ;
bracts ovate, pointed, puberulous, rather shorter than the calyx;
bracteoles sublinear, acute, pilose-puberulous ; calyx campanulate,
4-cleft half-way down, 1 8 in. long; lobes triangular-ovate oF
lanceolate, acuminate, nerved; corolla tubular, pallid yellowish
below, lilac or blue above ; tube a little contracted above the ovary,
curved above, gradually widened towards the throat; limb } in. in
diam.; upper lip 2-lobed ; lobes very broad, subacute ; lower lip
tripartite ; lobes subequal, subquadrate, subentire, and about ;'; in-
long and broad.; filaments inserted about the contracted part of the
corolla-tube, glabrous or slightly villous at the base ; anthers usually
glabrous; cells cuspidate-acuminate at the apex ; style glabrous,
is in. long, recurved near the apex; stigma dilated, subpatelliform,
somewhat lobed. Smith, Engl. Bot. iii. t. 184; Thunb. Prodr. 97;
and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 454; Reichenb. Pl. Crit. vii. t. 696, fig-
933-934; Reuter in DC. Prodr. xi. 8 ; Beek, Monogr. Oroban. m
Bibl. Bot. iv. 87, t. 1, fig.10. O. ramosa, var. interrupta, Beck, 1.¢.,
89. 0. squamosa, var. interrupta, Pers. Syn. ii. 181. Phelipea
ramosa, C. A, Meyer, Verz. Pl. Cauc. 104; Retchenb. fil. Icon. x*-
88, t. 1773.
Coasr Rucion: Cape Div.; in sandy places near Cape Town, Thunberg!
Hooker, 451! Bolus, 2945! Simons Bay, Wright! near Simons Town, it
Jameson! Raapenberg Vley, Wolley Dod, 2753! Salt River, Harvey, 37! _
Div. ; Paarl Mountain, 1500-2000 ft., Drége, 7873 ! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellen
bosch, Zeyher ! :
A native of South and Central Europe and North Africa, elsewhere intro-
duced, parasitic on hemp, tobacco and tomato plants and numerous other
species, e
LENTIBULARIE® (Stapf). 423
Orper XCVII. LENTIBULARIEZ,
(By O. Srapr.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Calyx inferior, deeply 2-5-
partite, regular or more or less 2-lipped, or the sepals free to the base.
Corolla gamopetalous, 2-lipped, spurred, rarely saccate ; tube very
short ; upper lip interior, entire to 2-lobed, lower entire or 2-3-
lobed, usually with a vaulted, more or less 2-gibbous palate.
Stamens 2, anticous, attached to the base of the corolla, slightly
converging in front of the stigma; filaments short, usually curved
and asymmetrically thickened; anthers 9-celled; cells diverging,
confluent, dehiscing by a common slit. Ovary superior, 1-celled’ :
carpels 2, median; style simple, short or very short; stigma more or
less distinctly 2-lipped, upper lip usually very small or obscure ;
placenta free-central, ovoid or globose, rarely reduced to a short basal
protuberance ; ovules numerous, sessile and closely packed, rarely
few or only 2, anatropous. Fruit a l-celled few- to many-seeded
capsule, dehiscing irregularly or by 2-4 valves or cireumscissile, very
rarely 1-seeded and indehiscent. Seeds very small, variously shaped ;
testa thin or spongy or corky, rarely exuding mucilage ; endosperm 0;
embryo undifferentiated or with obscure protuberances (rudiments of
the primary leaves) at the often flat or slightly concave apex,
rarely with a plumule of subulate primary leaves or a distinct
cotyledon.
Perennial, rarely annual herbs, aquatic or terrestrial (but always in wet places),
with peculiar, usually utricular contrivances for the capture and digestion of
small organisms; leaves rosulate o® scattered on stolons, entire or divided,
uniform or sometimes heteromorphic; inflorescences terminal or axillary, pe-
nched, bracteate; lowest bracts
duncled, racemose, simple, rarely sparingly bra
usually barren, adpressed ; practeoles 2 or 0 at the base of the pedicels ; flowers
very small to large, often showy, yellow, purple or blue.
Distris. Species about 200 in all parts of the world, excepting arid
regions,
I. Utricularia.—Calyz of 2 sepals ;
IL. Genlisea.—Calyx deeply 5-part
twisted arms.
utricles bladder-like, ovoid or globose.
ite; utricles tubular with 2 spirally-
I. UTRICULARIA, Linn.
d at the base, persistent, and frequently
or slightly unequal. Corolla 2-lipped,
erect, entire or emarginate to
Sepals 2, free or unite
enlarged in fruit, equal
spurred or rarely saceate ; upper lip
bifid: lower lip usually much larger than the upper, usually with a
vaulted, often much raised and 2-gibbous palate and a spreading or
deflexed entire, crenulate or lobed margin. Stamens 2; filaments
almost straight or curved, short, often asymmetrically thickened ;
anthers dorsifixed, cells subdistinct or quite confluent ; pollen
globose or depressed-globose with or without few to many longitu-
424 LENTIBULA RIES (Stapf). [Utricularia
dinal slits and several pores. Ovary more or less globose, 1-celled ;
style indistinet or distinct, but short, persistent; stigma 2-lipped,
anticous lobe much larger than the often obscure posticous ; ovules
numerous, rarely few, sessilé on the free-central, fleshy placenta,
anatropous. Capsule usually globose, breaking up into 2 valves or
dehiscing irregularly. Seeds globose, ovoid, lenticular, hemi-elliptic,
truncate-pyramidal or prismatic, smooth, reticulate, tubereled,
glochidiate, or variously winged, usually very small, exalbuminous ;
embryo undifferentiated, with or without obscure rudiments of the
primary leaves, rarely with a plumule of 9-12 more or less subulate
primary leaves.
Rootless aquatic or terrestrial or epiphytic herbs, nearly always provided with
minute bladder-like organs for the capture and digestion of small organisms,
annual or perennial with or without aresting season ; the aquatic species repro-
ducing themselves frequently from special resting buds (hibernacles), and the
epiphytic sometimes from tubers. Terrestrial and epiphytic species : Primary
axis developed, terminated by an inflorescence, and producing at the base above
the small primary leaves a rosette of foliage leaves (rarely a solitary foliage-leaf)
and non-axillary stolons, leaves and stolons without definite sequence and passing
sometimes into each other. Stolons growing with rolled-in or straight tips,
either developed as rhizoids (growing downwards into the substratum and
resembling roots) or creeping on or close to the surface of the substratum, often
among moss and dwarf herbage, more or less branching and producing bladders,
foliage-leaves and (from certain of their axils) flowering or much-stunted barren —
shoots with a more or less developed basal tuft or rosette of leaves and stolons.
Leaves petioled, normally always entire, linear or orbicular or reniform, rarely
peltate, often decayed at the time of flowering, frequently producing bladders,
stolons or adventitious shoots, Aquatic species : Primary axis arrested (accord-
ing to Goebel), producing above or among the primary leaves one or several
stolons. Stolons floating in still water or creeping on mud, rarely attached to
stones and rocks in running water, often very long, growing with rolled-in tips,
branching ; branches either all alike and resembling the primary stolons, pro-
ducing from the flanks alternate or occasionally subopposite leaves and axillary
or juxta-axillary inflorescences, or branches heteromorphic, some of them grow-
ing downwards and producing only much reduced leaves and bladders. Leaves
more or less divided into filiform or capillary segments ; primary segments of
the large-leaved Species often imitating a whorl or half-whorl of pinnate leaves
(rays), pinnee more or less 2-seriate on the sometimes broadened midrib, usually
forked at the base, each division again divided, 1-2 outer rays sometimes
replaced by a hyaline cordate or reniform or more or less divided auricle,
resembling a stipule; all or certain leaves or the leaves of certain branches
producing bladders, usually in the place of leaf-segments. Bladders globose to
ovoid, stalked, with an oblique subterminal or subbasal mouth, closed by a
membranous flexible valve and a turned-in thickening (chin) of the lower rim,
Fam produced into an upper or an upper and lower lip, ciliate, fimbriate or
a Ishe naa stouter, variously shaped processes (tentacles). Inflorescences
b sige 4 racteate, peduncled, those of certain aquatic species held above water
y a whorl of modified spongy leaves (floats); lower bracts often barren,
_ r essed ; bracteoles 2, at the base of the pedicel, or 0.
rein Over 100 species, mainly in the tropics of both hemispheres.
seats hppa of the vegetative parts of Utricularia is extremely com-
aseied on account of the great plasticity of the organs and their readiness for
Pei Fl ns A very valuable account of those conditions was given by Dr. Goe
Teche ty, 1889 291-297, and 1904, 98-126, in his Morphologische und biolo~
gische Studien,” No. V. (in Ann. Gard. Bot. Buitenz., ix. 41), and in bis
ee a <
Ory ere graphie der Pflanzen,” 142. 586, but these publications concern mostly
non-Atrican specics, : : E
Utricularia. ] LENTIBULARIEE (Stapf). 425
The specimens at my disposal consisted: of herbarium material and naturally
left much to be desired. A really satisfactory classification of this genus will
only is possible when living or carefully-collected and preserved spirit material is
at hand.
* Terrestrial :
Corolla 13-5 lin. long, purplish, or if yellow,
then very small; seeds globose-ovoid, smooth ;
bladder-mouth opposite the stalk, 2-lipped, lips
fringed :
Upper lip of corolla constricted below the
middle, upper part obovate to oblong,
usually narrow ; palate tubercled or trans-
versely rugose :
Upper lip of corolla narrow, 13-2 lin.
long ; lower lip subquadrate, 1-4 lin.
long; palate tubercled :
Corolla 33-6 lin. long ... (1) U. livida.
Corolla 24-3 lin. long is ... (2) U. tribracteata.
Corolla 14-2 lin. long... ... (8) U, Kirkii.
Upper lip of corolla obovate, 24 lin.
long; lower lip 4 lin. long, 5 lin.
broad; palate with long transverse
wrinkles vee oe ca ee
Upper lip of. corolla broad-ovate or ovate-
rotundate; palate not tubercled nor
rugose :
Corolla 3-5 lin. long me Ce
Corolla 2—23 lin. long ... ces ie
Upper lip of corolla deeply 2-fid ; lobes
large .., oes ns See as ee
Corolla 6-8 lin. long, yellow with a large conic
straight spur; seeds very oblique, tubercled ; a
bladder-mouth basal with 2 horn-like tentacles (8) U. prehensilis.
** Aquatic, floating on or below the surface of water
or creeping on wet mud : ;
Peduncle with a whorl of floats oe ... (9) U. stellaris.
Peduncle without floats :
Leaves to over 1 in, long, much divided ;
inflorescence up to 12-flowered ; mature
pedicels recurved re ie Se
Leaves up to 3 lin. long, ultimate seg-
ments 5-8; inflorescence 1-flowered ; ;
mature capsule nodding ... (11) JU. diploglossa.
Leaves rarely over 2 lin. long, very
sparingly divided; inflorescence 1-3-
flowered ; mature pedicels straight... (12) U. exoleta.
(4) U. transrugosa.
. capensis.
(6) U. Ecklonii.
(7) U. Sandersoni.
(10) J. foliosa.
1. U. livida (E. Meyer, Comm. 281); delicate terrestrial
herb, including the inflorescence 3 in. to almost 1 ft. high ; stolons
very short (always ?), finely filiform, sparingly branched ; rhizoids in
tufts, 3-6 lin. long; leaves in small loose rosettes or tufts at the base
of the peduncle and scattered on the stolons, usually decayed at the
time of flowering; blades of the rosette-leaves orbicular to obovate-
spathulate, narrowed into a usually short petiole, up to 1} lin. long,
rather fleshy ; scattered leaves with smaller narrower blades and
longer petioles; bladders from the leaves and stolons, very shortly
stalked, ovoid-globose, about 5 in. long, mouth terminal, 2-lipped,
426 LENTIBULARIED (Stapf). [Utricularia
lips fimbriate, the lower smaller ; peduncle straight or more or less —
flexuous, filiform, usually simple, few- to 10-flowered; flowers
distant, usually spread over the whole upper half of the flowering
axis; bracts ovate, about + lin. long, the lowest barren ; bracteoles
somewhat narrower than the bracts, of about the same length;
pedicels scarcely exceeding the bracts at the time of flowering, at
length up to 12 lin. long; sepals subequal, rotundate-ovate to
orbicular, 1-13 lin. long, slightly enlarging after flowering and
when enclosing barren fruits, more or less rolling in making the
calyx appear oblong in outline; corolla purplish, variegated with
yellow (Meyer), rarely white, 33-42 lin. long; upper lip about
2 lin. long, narrow, obovate to oblong, constricted towards the base,
rounded or subemarginate ; lower lip subquadrate, 23-4 lin. long,
usually spreading almost horizontally, palate drawn up almost
parallel to the upper lip, double-crested, crests dark, tubereled ;
spur straight or nearly so, slender, subcylindric from a conic base or
almost conic, as long as or longer than the lower lip and usually
parallel to it ; anthers 1—1 lin. long; filaments filiform from a broader
base, up to 2 lin. long; style about as long as the stigma ; upper
stigma-lip narrow, oblong, shorter than the broad-ovate or orbieular
lower lip; capsule globose, 1-12 lin. in diam.; seeds irregularly
hemi-ellipsoid, more or less angular, about 3 lin. high, top flat,
elliptic, about 2 lin. in diam, with a very thin margin; embryo top
flat or slightly concave. A. DC. Prodr. viii. 20; Oliv. in Journ. —
Linn, Soe. ix. 154; Kamienski in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 94, incl.
vars. pauciflora and micrantha; Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2796.
U. Dregei, Kamienski, l.c., 94 (in part). U. longecalearata, Benj.
in Linnea, xx. 314 (from the description) ; Kamienski, l.c., 93.
Var. 8, Engleri (Stapf); flowers 2-3, all in the upper 3-$ of the flowering
axis; palate usually very markedly tubercled ; spur as long as or shorter than
the lower lip. U. Engleri, Kamienski, l.c., 95 (in part). U. sanguinea, Oliv,
Lc. 153 (Burke’s specimen).
Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5909! VAR. B:
Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke, 104! Zeyher, 1424! Hooge Veld, by the
Henops River, Rehmann! between Spitzkop and the Komati River, Wilms, —
1238! marsh near Rustenberg, Alice Pegler, 983 ! ee
Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; in swamps near Kokstad, Haygarth in —
Herb. Wood, 4209! Pondoland; near the St. John’s and Umtsikaba Rivers,
Drége, 4838! Natal; Zwartkop Native Location, in swamps, 30 Te:
Wood, 4612! Inanda, Wood, 378! Rehmann, 8320! Amamzimtote, Wood, Siise:
Inchamba, Wood, 5811!
U. Engleri, Kam., as represented by Burke’s plant and Zeyher, 1424—
practically the same dilidetig--agid by eee pomeieere from the Henops
River, differs from the typical form mainly in the inflorescence, which consists of
very few flowers near the end of the floral axis. The length of the spur varies,
but on the whole it is rather shorter than in the Natal plant. Kamienski
refers to U. Engleri, a plant collected by Thode in the DrakensbergeD
another collected by Schlechter on the eastern slopes of Constantiaberg, >! t
Division (14241). I have not seen the former, whilst the specimen of the
latter (in the Ziirich Collection), which I had an opportunity of examining, 1s s
imperfect to decide whether it belongs to U. livida, var. Englert oF et eis
transrugosa. As to U. Dregei, Kam., I cannot find any difference whatever
between the plant from which Bentham drew up his description ot U. vi"
Utricularia.) LENTIBULARIEX (Stapf). 427
(Drége, 4838) and the specimens distributed as U. prehensilis on which
Kamienski bases his U. Dregei. He also quotes under this name specimens
collected by Mund and Maire, and by Bachmann (1292) in Pondoland, These
I do not know. Nor have I seen Bachmann, 1294-1295, from Pondoland, or
Schlechter, 12094, from Suhamdane, which is Kamienski’s U. Dregei, var.
stricta. There is, however, nothing in the description suggesting differences
between those specimens and U. livida, Finally, Wilms, 1288, quoted above, is
referred by Kamienski to U. sanguinea, an Angolan plant, which, although very
similar to U. livida, differs in the longer and stouter stolons, the larger more
persistent leaves, and the very faintly tubercled palate of the corolla.
2. U. tribracteata (Hochst. in A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 18) ;
a delicate, dwarf terrestrial herb, including the inflorescence, 1}—3 in.
high ; stolons finely filiform, much branched, forming small matted
tufts; rhizoids numerous from the base of the peduncles, 3-4
lin. long; leaves few at the base of the scape or scattered or in
very small tufts from the stolons, usually deeayed at the time of
flowering; blades spathulate-cuneate, 13-3 (rarely 4) lin, long,
rarely more than } lin. broad, gradually passing into the long (up
to 5 lin.) and very slender petiole ; bladders from the leaves
(particularly the petioles) and stolons, globose-ovoid, up to > lin.
long, on a very short or somewhat longer (over 4 lin.) stalk, mouth
distinctly 2-lipped, lips fimbriate, lower lip much smaller than the
upper ; peduncle straight or nearly so, filiform, simple, 4—1-flowered,
if 3- or 4-flowered the flowers scattered over the upper half of the
floral axis; bracts and bracteoles very similar, equal, lanceolate,
acute, up to 2 lin. long, lowest bract often barren ; pedicel about as
long as the bracts or ultimately exceeding them ; sepals subequal,
about 11-12 lin. long, obtuse, the upper orbicular to ovate-orbicular,
lower elliptic ; corolla purple, 25-3 lin. long ; upper lip 13-2 lin.
long, obovate, rounded or subemarginate, constrieted below the
middle; lower lip subquadrate or rounded, 1;-2 lin. long, more or
less parallel to the spur, palate much raised (usually to an acute
angle), often parallel to the upper lip, double crested, crests dark,
minutely tubercled ; spur straight or almost so, conic, often broad, as
long as or longer than the lower lip; anthers }— lin. long; filaments
filiform, 3-2 lin. long; style about as long as the stigma; upper
stigma-lip oblong or ovate, + as long as the large rotundate lower
lip ; capsule globose, 13 lin. in diam. ; seeds irregularly hemi-ellip-
soid or shortly. pyramidal, angular, }~} lin. long, top flat, _ or
less elliptic, with a thin membranous or obscure margin; embryo top
flat or slightly concave. Kamienshki in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. - ;
Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2795, fig. B. U. elevata, Kamienski, L.c.,
inel. var. Macowaniit.
Cenrrat Recon: Somerset Div. ; in damp places on the top of Bosch Berg,
4800 ft., MacOwan, 373!
KAtawaRI Rgcion: ‘Transvaal; Hooge Veld, - near pee ter - _—
Heidelburg, Wilms, 1236! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1237! Hou —
5990!
Eastern Rearow: Natal; near Durban, Rekmann ! beneath rocks in the bed
of the Ingogo River, Nelson, 8! '
Also in Abyssinia and Somaliland.
428 LENTIBULARIE® (Stapf). [ Utricularia.
3. U. Kirkii (Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2795, fig. C); a delicate,
dwarf terrestrial herb, including the inflorescence, 1-5 in. high; stolons
filiform, branched ; rhizoids capillary from the base of the peduncles ;
leaves scattered on the stolons, often deeayed at the time of flowering,
blades spathulate-cuneate, up to 1} lin. long and } lin. broad, gradually
narrowed into the usually long and slender petiole; bladders on the
leaves, ovoid-globose, 1 lin. long, 2-lipped ; upper lip suborbicular,
lower very small, both fringed, mouth opposite the stalk ; peduncle
straight or flexuous, simple, 5—1-flowered ; flowers rather distant, if
4 or 5 scattered over the upper half of the floral axis ; bracts and
bracteoles subequal, lanceolate, aeute, usually under } lin. long, lowest
bracts barren ; pedicels almost as long as or at least somewhat longer
than the bract ; sepals 1 lin. long, obtuse (rarely the upper subacute),
upper ovate-orbicular to orbicular, lower elliptic; corolla pale purple
with a darker upper lip, 13—2 lin. long ; upper lip constricted below
the middle, upper part somewhat fleshy, obovate-oblong to obovate-
quadrate, subtruncate; lower lip subquadrate, about 1 lin. long ; palate
almost parallel to the upper lip, double crested, crests minutely but
distinctly tubereled ; spur 12 lin. long, suddenly narrowed from the
broad conie base into the slender cylindric turned-up more or less
obtuse upper half; style shorter than the stigma ; upper stigma-lip
oblong, about 3 the length of the suborbicular lower lip; capsule
globose, up to over 1 lin. in diam.; seeds shortly truncate-comle,
often angular, top face elliptic or suborbicular, about } lin. long, with -
a thin margin or a fine simple rim; embryo top flat or slightly —
concave. U. exilis, Kam. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 97 (Rehmann,
6599, not of Oliv.). U. exilis, var. Ecklonti, Kam., lc., 98 (Kirk's
plant). U. exilis, var. hirsuta, Kam., l.c.
KataHart ReGion: Transvaal ; Hooge Veld, between Porter and Trigards-
fontein, Rehmann, 6599! Houtbosch, Rehmann (?) !
Also in Tropical Africa,
_ Very similar to U. evilis, but distinguished by the tubercled palate. The plant
is not hairy, as is stated by Kamienski in his description of U. exilis, var.
hirsuta, The author may have been misled by the presence of au alga which
found in the type specimens of this variety to cover a portion of the scapes.
same alga, a species of Oedogonium, also occurred under similar conditions on the
Transvaal specimens.
Kamienski (in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 110) also indicates U. minor, Linn., as
found by Bergius in “Kapland,” without precise locality. I have not seeh :
specimen, which isin the Berlin Herbarium. The occurrence of this northerD
form in South Africa would, if proved, be very remarkable. —
4. U. transrugosa (Stapf); a delicate terrestrial herb, includ
the inflorescence 4-6 in. high; rhizoids in tufts at and near “
base of the peduncle, short and scareely branched ; stolons, ine
and bladders unknown; peduncle straight or nearly 80, filiform,
simple, 3-1-flowered; barren bracts few, remote, like the fertile
ovate, about 4 lin. long; braeteoles somewhat narrower than i
bracts of about the same length; pedicels slightly exceeding the
bracts; sepals subequal, rotundate-elliptic, suborbicular, 14-15 be
Utricularia. | LENTIBULARIEZ (Stapf Ys 429
long ; corolla pale purple with a large yellow palate, about 5 lin.
long ; upper lip obovate, subemarginate, constricted towards the base,
oval, 23 lin. long; lower lip suborbicular, up to 4} lin, long and
5 lin. broad, spreading; palate double-crested, crests transversely
rugose ; spur straight, subhorizontal, eylindrie, aeute, 3 lin. long;
anthers over + lin. long ; style about as long as the stigma; anticous
stigmatic lobe broad-ovate; capsule and seeds unknown. JU. livida,
var, transrugosa, Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2796, figs. 16-17. U. san-
guinea, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 405, not of Oliver.
KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; swamps in Lomatie Valley, near Barberton,
4000 ft., Galpin, 520! in boggy ground near Johannesburg, Rand, 727!
Ommaney, 129! marsh near Rustenburg, Alice Pegler, 936!
Also in Mashonaland.
Closely allied to U. sanguinea and U, livida, but differing in the larger flower
and the long transverse wrinkles of the palate.
5. U. capensis (Spreng. Syst. i. 50); a delicate dwarf terrestrial
herb ; stolons finely filiform to capillary, creeping among moss and
dwarf herbage or on wet soil, sometimes forming small matted tufts ;
rhizoids from the base of the scape and here and there from the
stolons and even the leaves; leaves scattered on the stolons or in
small fascieles at the base of the scapes, narrowly spathulate-linear,
obtuse, very gradually attenuated into the petiole, up to 5 lin. long,
1 lin, broad, rarely broader ; bladders from the stolons and the leaves,
ovoid-globose, about 1—} lin. long, 2-lipped, lips fimbriate along the
margin, the upper depressed-rotundate, the lower very short;
peduneie filiform to subcapillary, 2-8 in. long, straight or slightly
flexuous, simple or rarely with 1-2 long erect branches from near
the base; flowers 6-1, distant ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, the lowest
1 or 2 often barren; practeoles lanceolate, about > lin. long;
pedicels very short or at length up to 1 (rarely 1}) lin. long; sepals
orbicular or ovate-orbicular, $ to over 5 lin. long; corolla pale purple
with the exception of the large yellow palate, 3-5 lin. long, upper
lip ovate, usually broad, to ovate-orbicular, minutely 2-lobed or
emarginate, about 1 lin. long, lower lip semicircular, 2}—4 lin. long,
very broad, obscurely lobed or undulate, palate smooth, slightly
2-cibbous; spur rather slender, usually acute, straight or slightly
curved, subhorizontal to deflexed, as long as or slightly shorter (rarely
longer) than the lower lip; anthers about 1 lin. long ; filaments fili-
form, 3 lin. long; stigma sessile, upper lip subulate-linear to filiform,
shorter than the broad orbieular lower lip; capsule globose, up to
12 lin. in diam. ; seeds subglobose or irregularly obovoid, $j lin.
long, smooth. E, Meyer, Comm. 281 (in part) ; A.DC. Prodr. viii.
20 (in part); Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1x. 153 (in part); Kam. in
Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 96 (in part) ; Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2794, fig- A.
U. capensis, var. elatior, Kam., l.c., 97 (im part). U. Rehmannit,
Kam., l.c., 99. U. Sprengelit (incl. var. acuticeras), Kam., .c., 100.
U. Schinzti, Kam., l.c. 101. U7. strumosa, Soland. nyse pes gis
: iv.; Gift Be , Drége, 7884! ! Paa
ee a oe ws eain, Droge, 3819¢! near Paarl, Drége,
430 LENTIBULARI%& (Stapf). [ Utricularia.
38196! Worcester Div. ; hills near the Hex River, 1600 ft., Tyson, 683! Bains
Kloof, Wawra, 7! Rehmann, 2329! 2330! 2331! Cape Div.; in various wet —
localities around Cape Town, Bolus in Herb. Norm., 669! Schlechter, 46!
Wilms, 3536 partly! Scott-Elliot, 1171b! Penther, 1982! Wolley Dod,
308! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Penther, 1980! Swellendam Div.; on a
mountain near Swellendam, Burchell, 7412/2! Riversdale Div. ; between Little
Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6893! near the Gauritz River, Drége!
near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1924! George Div. ; Montagu Pass, Penther, 1981!
Rehmann, 268! Uniondale Div. ; Long Kloof, Drége!
WESTERN REGION: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Berg, Drége, 7885!
Modderfontein Berg, Drége!
Certain flowers from the Giftberg and Modderfonteinberg have much reduced
spurs, in extreme cases not more than 3 lin. long. They represent Oliver’s
variety brevicalcarata of U. capensis (Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 154), There are,
however, also perfectly normal specimens and intermediate states among the
Giftberg Collection, and I assume, therefore, that the short spurred form is
merely a sport. The fact that I found among them another anomaly, a flower
with an inverted corolla and a dorsally compressed and lobed spur of slightly
less than normal length makes this still more probable, U. Rehmannii, Kam.,
based on Rehmann, 2330, is typical U. capensis, to which Kamienski himself
refers Rehmann, 2329 and 2331, which were collected in the same locality as
2330. U. Sprengelii and U. Schinzii also proposed as distinct species by
Kamienski are in the same position. The author distinguishes them from U.
capensis mainly on account of their “ pedicels being much longer than the
bracts” ; but they certainly do not differ more in this respect than the specimens
do which Kamienski admits as U. capensis,
6. U. Ecklonii (Spreng. Syst. iv. ii. 336); a delicate, very dwarf
terrestrial herb ; stolons, rhizoids, leaves and bladders as in U.
capensis ; peduncle filiform, straight, simple, 1-3 in. long; flowers
6-1, rather distant ; bract and bracteoles ovate-lanceolate to lanceo-
late, 1—1 lin. long, lowest 1 or 2 bracts often barren ; pedicels very
short, at length sometimes almost 1 lin. long; sepals orbicular to
ovate-orbicular, up to 2 lin. long; corolla pale purplish, or white
with purple veins with the exception of the yellow palate, or quite
yellow, 2-23 lin. long; upper lip ovate, broad, emarginate to entire,
¢ lin. long; lower lip rounded, slightly 3-lobed, 1-13 lin. long,
palate smooth, slightly 2-gibbous; spur as long as or usually some-
what longer than the lower lip, slightly curved or straight, finely
papillose ; anthers about +1 lin. long; filaments 4 lin. long;
stigma sessile, upper lip linear, shorter than the broad orbieular lower
lip; capsule globose, to over 1 lin. in diam. ; seeds more or less
globose, + lin. long, smooth. A.DC. Prodr. viii. 24; Drége in
Linnea, xx. 191; Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 155; Stapf in Hook.
dc, Pl. t. 2793. U. capensis, Spreng. Syst. v. 723 (not i. 50) ; E.
Mey er, Comm. 281 (in part); A.DC. Prodr,, l.c., 20 (in part);
Drége, Le.; Oliv., le., 153 (in part); Kam. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiu.
96 (in part). U. capensis, var, elatior, Kam., l.c., 97 (in part). U.-
Lehmanni, Benj. in Bot. Zeit., 1845, 213 (from the deser.). Us
delicata, Kam., l.c., 97. U. exilis, Kam., lc, 97 (in part, not of
Oliv.) and U. ewilis, vars. minor, Ecklonii and elatior, Kam., l.c. 98.
U. acicularis, Solander, MS. in Hb. Banks. Antirrhinum aphyllum,
Linn. f. Suppl., 280 ; Thunb. Prodr. 105; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult., 481.
Utricularia. | LENTIBULARIES (Stapf). 431
Linaria aphylla, Spreng. Syst. ii. 797. Urceolaria (sphalm.)
capensis, Spreng. Syst. iv. ii. 16.
Coast ReGion: Tulbagh Diy.; between Witsen Berg and Skurfde Berg,
2000-5000 ft., Zeyher, 1422 partly! Cape Diy.; near Cape Town, Banks!
Zeyher! Krauss! Scott-Elliot ! Pappe, Burchell, 104! Ecklon, 815! Schimper !
Fielden! Drege, 1319e! Bojer! Jelinek, 338! Wilms, 3537! 3536 partly!
Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, Galpin, 4893! Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass,
eiagag 6968! Uitenhage Div.; near the mouth of the Zwartkops River,
ége! ‘
CenTRAL Recron: Somerset Div.; top of Bosch Berg, 4500 ft., Mac-
Owan, 373! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Ronde Hoek, Gnadow Mountain, Bolus,
2595.
Katanart Reoton: Bechuanaland; near the source of the Kuruman
River, Burchell, 2462/2! Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, 6800 ft., Schlechter,
4706 !
Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand ; Elleboogfontein Berg, Drége!
Also in German South-west Africa.
U. Ecklonti was described by Sprengel from a specimen growing in a tuft of
leaves belonging to some minute or seedling plant of Cyperacee, whence the
description of the leaves as “ linear, acute, strict, persistent.” There is In the
Kew Herbarium a note to this effect by Oliver, who saw a specimen named by
Sprengel himself in Sonder’s herbarium. This was collected near Caledon. The
game combination occurs also in a specimen collected by Zeyher and named by
Sprengel “ U. capensis.” The description of U. Lehmann, Benj., fits so
exactly U. Ecklonii, that I have no hesitation in identifying it with that species.
U. delicata, Kamienski, appears to me to be merely a particularly dwarf state.
Schlechter, in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 191, described Utricularia brachyceras,
collected by him on Pakhuis Mountain, at 2500 ft. (No. 8601!). It seems to be
an exact parallel to U. capensis, var. brevicalcarata, Oliv., and te stand in the
same relation to U. Ecklonii, as that variety to U. capensis, Viz. as a short-
spurred sport. The same state was also collected by Drége near Ellebogen-
fonteinsberg, together with an almost normal long-spurred form. Kamienski
also mentions a U. evilis, var. arenaria (1.c., 98) from the Cape (Wawra, 123),
quoting as a synonym of it Decandolle’s U. arenarta, a Senegambian plant, I
have not seen it, but suspect strongly that it is U. Eckloni.
”. U. Sandersoni (Oliv. in Journ, Linn. Soc. ix. 155); a delicate
dwarf terrestrial herb ; stolons capillary, sparingly branched ; leaves
more or less persistent at the time of flowering, in small rosettes and
seattered on the stolons, obovate-orbicular to obovate-spathulate,
rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, up to 2 lin. long and
12 lin. broad, usually considerably smaller ; petioles very short to
about as long as the blade ; bladders very numerous from
id- 88 lin. lon
the stolons and the leaves, globose to ovoid-globose, $—§ lin. long,
both lips distinct with numerous fine gland-tipped hairs along the
faces; peduncle
margins and in 2 or more converging rows on the c
filiform to capillary, ascending or erect, 1-1} 1. long, simple 3
flowers 1-3, distant by less than their own length; bracts an
bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, about equal, § lin. long, lowest 1 or 2
bracts barren; pedieel slender, about 1 lin. long; sepals —. “4
orbicular, upper longer and broader, 1 lin. long ; Rags . t
6 lin. long ; upper lip deeply 2-lobed, over 2 lin. ing! t) : - e-
oblong, large ; lower Imost broader than
lip cuneate-suborbicular, a
long, 23 lin. long, palate slightly 2-gibbous, smooth ; spur slender,
432 LENTIBULARIE (Stapf). (Utricularia.
4
linear ; style distinct, almost as long as the stigma ; upper stigma-
lip ovate-oblong, shorter than the broad-ovate or orbieular lower lip;
capsule not known; seeds globose, very minutely reticulate, 2 lin,
long. Kam. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 106, incl. var. Treubit ; Stapf
in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2794, fig. B. U. Treubi, Kam. in Ann. Jard.
Buitenz. 1898, Suppl. ii. 143.
EastERN Recon: Pondoland ; on wet rocks ona hill at the mouth of St.
Johns River, 700 ft., Bolus! Imkerene River, Bachmann, 1291! Natal; Fields —
Hill, Rehmann ! in wet places on Great Noods Berg, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 131!
and in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1037! 5338! Inanda, Wood, 545! on
wet rocks near waterfalls, Sanderson (ex Oliver).
curved upwards, 4 lin. long; anthers over 1 lin. long; filaments
8. U. prehensilis (E. Meyer, Comm. i. 282); a slender terrestrial
herb; stolons filiform, whitish, brittle, loosely matted ; leaves
scattered on the stolons, usually decayed at the time of flowering,
linear-lanceolate or lingulate, obtuse, up to almost 1 in. long and 1 lin.
broad, narrowed into a very slender petiole about 2 or 2 of the length
of the blade, thin; bladders numerous from the leaves, and the
stolons, with the mouth near the short stalk, globose or ovoid- —
globose, almost + lin. in diam., upper lip with 2 horn-like curved
tentacles, lower lip 0; peduncle filiform, 3 in. to more than 1 ft.
long, erect and more or less flexuous when short, twining when long; |
flowers 1-6, remote; bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, over
1 lin. long, the lowest barren 3; braeteoles lanceolate to subulate, as
long as or shorter to much shorter than the bracts; pedicels filiform,
2-5 lin. long; sepals membranous, somewhat dissimilar, upper ovate,
acute or acuminate, many-nerved, in flower 2-21 lin. long, in fruit
up to 4 lin. long, lower usually shorter, more or less elliptic and
obtuse ; corolla 6-8 lin. long, yellow ; upper lip broadly oblong,
spathulate, with a rounded, entire or emarginate tip, 21—4 lin. long;
lower lip 8—4 lin. long, broadly ovate, palate erect, almost parallel to
the upper lip, 2-gibbous, with a small tuft of cilia at its inner angle ;
spur straight, descending, acute, 3-4} lin. long ; anthers 2 lin. long ;
style short, stout, gradually passing into the ovary; upper lip of
stigma very short and flat, lower depressed, rounded ; capsule ellip-
soid, 2} lin. long; seeds very obliquely ovoid, tubereled on the back,
3 to almost 2 lin. long. DO. Prodr. viii. 20; Oliv. in Journ. Linn.
Soc. ix. 150, exel. var.; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl, Welw. i. 787;
Kam, in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 102, incl. vars. huillensis, lingulata
and hians, and in Baum, Kunene-Samb, Exped. 373; Stapf in Hook.
Ic. Pl. t. 2798. U. madagaseariensis, A.DC.l.c. WU. hians, A.DC.
he. 25. U. lingulata, Baker in Journ. Linn, Soc. xx. 216; Baum,
Kunene-Samb, Exped. 55.
Kananart Rze@ron: Transvaal 3 Houtbosch, Rekmann, 5993! near the
Spitzkop Gold-mine, Wilms, 12410! near Pretoria, Kirk, 34! Lake Chrissie,
Wilms, 1241! ,
Eastern RxEGIon: Pondoland ; near the Umsitkaba River, Drége, 4839!
Natal; in marshy ground near Durban, Sanderson, 926! Wood, 125! Inanda,
Wood, 128 ! 511! Clairmont, Wood, 4909! Griffinshill, Rehmann ! and without
precise locality, Cooper, 2881 ! Gerrard, 161!
Utricularia. } LENTIBULARIER (Stapf). 433
9. U. stellaris (Linn. f. Suppl. 86) ; an aquatic herb suspended in
the water by means of a whorl of floats on the peduncle; stolons up
to more than 1 ft. long, filiform to } lin, in diam. ; leaves hetero-
morphic ; foliage leaves from a few lines to more than } in. apart,
rarely subopposite, 4—6-partite, usually auricled, rays }—1} in. long,
compound-pinnate, midrib finely filiform to linear (up to more than
3 lin. broad); pinne 2-5 lin. long, segments capillary, minutely
setose, with or without bladders, auricles orbicular-cordate in outline,
1-21 lin. in diam., fringed or deeply and repeatedly divided, fringes
or segments finely subulate and rather rigid, rigidly ciliate with the
cilia usually in bundles of 2 or 3, or the segments (in cases of
extreme division) running out into capillary flexuous minutely
setose threads ; bladders usually only 1 or 2 on each pinna, obliquely
globose-ovoid, 3-1 lin, in diam., mouth truncate, oblong, naked
(always?) ; floats in whorls of 4-6 (rarely fewer or more), usually
3-6 lin. below the lowest flower, broad-ellipsoid to ovoid, 2}~4 lin.
long, with some reduced short pinnz near the apex ; raceme few to
12-flowered; peduncle 1-9 in. long, slender; bracts broad-ovate,
obtuse, 3-1 lin. long; bracteoles 0 ; pedicels 1-1) lin. long (rarely
more), filiform and obliquely erect during flowering, then gradually
recurving, at last up to 8 lin. long and more or less thickened below
the calyx ; sepals subequal, ovate-orbicular or orbicular, subobtuse to
rounded, 1-12 lin, long; corolla yellow, 2-22 lin. long; upper lip
rotundate-ovate, up to 12 lin. long; lower lip subquadrate, over
2 lin. long, palate very large and gibbous; spur subcylindric, stout,
obtuse, adpressed to the lower lip, up to 2 lin. long ; anthers
patelliform when open, 2 lin. long; filaments filiform, narrowly
winged, 8 lin. long; ovary globose ; style short but distinet, upper
stigmatic lip 0, lower truncate-rotundate ; capsule globose, 2-2) lin.
in diam. ; seeds prismatic, 4-5-angled, 4-8 lin. across, s—7'o lin. high,
top face finely reticulate, angles narrowly winged ; embryo not
differentiated. Roxb. Corom. Pl. ii. 42, ¢. 180; Fl. Ind. i. 143 ;
Te. Pl. iv. t. 1567; E.
Wight in Hook. Bot. Mise. iii. 91 with fig.s 7
Meyer, Comm. 281 ; DC. Prodr. viii. 3 (inel. var. coromandeliana) ;
Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 174 and ix. 146 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr.
Pl. Welw. i. 785 {in part); Kam, in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 107 (incl.
var. dilatata, filiformis and breviscapa).
Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; in stagnant water in the bed of the
Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 4329! Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River,
poe! Albany Div. ; near Grpbamsiont, kg si 99! 122!
. i 23 w er, \g a :
ENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.: 0 Vet River, Burke, 450! near
Katanart Reeron: Orange River Colony ; :
Leenwe Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilton,! Transvaal ; near Somali
’ : to Ri ilms
Poort, Kirk, 110! on the Libombo Mountains by the Sabie River, Wilms,
1240 ; Bot Veld, between Elands River and Klippan, cong a "
Basrann Reorox: Natal, Inanda, Wood, 9001) to sod without precise
ive
Wood, 112! Sanderson, 903! by the ders. Bay; Lakes of Bikatla and
locality, Cooper, 2880! Sutherland ! Delagoa
Mozakwen, Junod, 431!
Leaves with rays having 9 dilated rhachis (Var. dilatata, ewe ”
VOL. IvV.—SECT, II.
434 LENTIBULARIEH (Stapf). [ Utricularia.
others with a filiform rhachis may occur on. the same individual, whilst
Kamienski’s other two varieties evidently represent only states of less vigorous
growth.
10. U. foliosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 26) ; an aquatic floating herb ;
stolons up to several yards long, 1-1} lin. thick, giving off at
intervals of 2 or more in. solitary or more often fascicled branches ;
branches spreading up to over 1 ft. long, densely or loosely « leafy
except towards the base ; leaves all of one kind or only differing in
the presence or absence of bladders, alternate, up to 3 in. long,
compound-pinnate, lowest pinna at or near the base, ultimate
segments capillary, sparsely and minutely setose, primary (rarely
also the secondary) midribs occasionally dilated and spongy ; bladders
very numerous on some leaves (in extreme cases most of the seg-
ments replaced by bladders), sparse or 0 on others, subobliquely
globose, 1—® lin. in diam., mouth truncate with a few long branched
delicate cilia; raceme up to 12-flowered; peduncle rising from the
pranch-fascicles, 1 to over 1 ft. long, slender or sometimes inflated ;
bracts elliptic or ovate, obtuse or subacute, 13-22 lin. long, mem-
branous, adpressed to the pedicels, lowest 1-3 barren ; bracteoles 0;
pedicels filiform, 21—5 lin. long (in the African specimens), obliquely
erect during flowering, then gradually reeurving and slightly
lengthening, not thickened upwards ; sepals broad-ovate, connate
at the base, obtuse or subacute, 11-2 lin. long, membranous, searcely
enlarging after flowering; corolla yellow, 5-8 lin. long ; upper lip
rotundate-ovate, 2-3 lin. long ; lower lip broad, suborbicular, sub-
emarginate, 4-5 lin. long, adpressed to, and as long as, the upper,
often minutely 2-lobed; filaments curved, wider upwards, 1 lin.
long; anthers 2 lin. long, cells quite confluent; ovary globose,
style short but distinet ; upper lip of stigma 0, lower lip large, broad
ovate ; capsule globose, black, bursting in water by the expansion 0
the mucilaginous placenta, 2-3 lin. in diam. ; seeds 4-8, lenticular,
very flat, 8-14 lin. in diam., with a narrow membranous Wing
round ; embryo slightly concave on the top with several obscure
leaf rudiments, diseoid. DC. Prodr. viii. 6; Benj. in Mart. Fl.
Bras. x. 237; Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. 171; Kam. in Engl.
Jahrb. xxxiii, 111.
Eastern RuGion: Natal; without precise locality, Henrik (according to
Kamienski).
Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and throughout Tropical America.
The number of seeds in each capsule and their size vary. The few-seeded
form was described by 8. Hilaire (Voy. Distr. Diam. ii. 427) as U. olygosperma,
{rom Brazilian specimens, It seems to be the form prevalent in Africa. Oliver, 1-C+
says that the American specimens have sometimes as many as 24 seeds to a capsule.
I have never seen so many in the mature state. U. foliosa produces frequently
slender filiform shoots from the back of the stolons without definite disposition
and bearing only scale-like minute leaves (acrial shoots of Goebel). They °
grow out of the water.
11. U. diploglossa (Welw. ex Oliv, in Journ, Linn. Soc. ix- 147) 5
an amphibious herb, floating in stagnant water or creeping on mud ;
Utricularia. | LENTIBULARIEX (Stapf). 435
stolons up to } ft. long, branched, sometimes matted into cushions
very slender, glabrous ; leaves all alike, 1-3 lin. apart, 3—5-partite,
1-8 lin. long, divisions multifid, ultimate segments 5-8, capillary,
glabrous, terminated by a short fine bristle; bladders very con.
spicuous, replacing a leaf division or more often a basal segment
1 or 2, rarely 3 with each leaf, obliquely ovoid, up to.2 lin. long, often
purple, mouth sublateral, delicately fimbriate, some of the fimbrize
often fused at the base, stalk very short; peduncles 3-1 in. long,
slender, with a single broad-oblong obtuse or emarginate bract 1 lin,
long, 2-8 lin. below the solitary flower ; sepals equal, ovate-rotundate
or broad-elliptic, obtuse, 1 lin. long ; corolla yellow, 4-4} lin. long ;
upper lip ovate, entire or crenulate at the apex, not quite 2 lin. long ;
lower lip broad-rotundate, slightly and broadly 2-lobed, sides
deflexed, 3-4 lin. long, palate large, slightly 2-gibbous ; spur broad-
conic, obtuse, 21-3 lin. long; filaments linear ; anthers + lin. long ;
style very short; upper stigmatic lip obscure, lower rotundate ;
mature capsule and seeds unknown.
Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i.
786; Kam, in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 110 (in part).
Katanari Reoion ; Transvaal; near Pretoria, Kirk, 35!
an aquatic herb, floating in
12. U. exoleta (R. Br. Prodr. 430) ;
of varying length, much-
water or growing on liquid mud, stolons
branched ; branches often fascicled, from a few inches to almost 1 ft.
long, very slender, flattened, green and leafy or bleached and almost
naked; leaves varying considerably in the degree of development,
rarely more than 2 lin. long, very sparingly dissected, usually one or
several of the segments represented by bladders or the whole leaf
replaced by a bladder, normal segments delicately capillary, glabrous ;
bladders obliquely globose-ovoid, rarely more than } lin. long, mouth
subapical, truncate, with delicate branched cilia; raceme 2—3-
flowered or reduced to a single flower ; peduncle slender, filiform,
bracts membranous,
straight or flexuose, 2-3 in. long, rarely longer ;
broad ovate, truncate or rounded, > lin. long, lowest 1 or 2 often
barren ; bracteoles 0; pedicels finely filiform, permanently obliquely
erect, of very unequal length, the longest up to 4 lin. ; sepals equal,
orbicular-elliptic, up to 1 lin. long, membranous, scarcely enlarging
after flowering; corolla yellow, 21-3 lin. long; upper lip ovate-
rotundate, entire or subentire, 1-1} lin. long ; lower lip subquadrate,
palate much raised,
12 lin. long, slightly 9-lobed or almost entire, pat
obseurely bigibbose, minutely papillose, margin spreading or
deflexed, spur conic, obtuse, spreading, as long as OT somewhat longer
than the lower lip; filaments curved, dilated upwards, + lin. long ;
anthers ellipsoid, + lin. long, cells confluent; ovary subglobose ;
style short but distinct; upper stigmatie lobe obseure, lower rotun-
. seeds numerous, lenticular,
date ; capsule globose, 1-2 lin. in diam. ; :
2 lin. in diam., with a thin corky or sanepest pepe i i
and often erod - + around the margin, huum eccentric, embry‘
n eroded wing aro ‘entiated. DO. Prodr. viii.
lenticular, slightly emarginate, undifferentiate
rf2
436 LENTIBULARIER (Stapf). [ Utricularia.
7; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. 526; C. B. Cl. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind.
iv. 329; Aschers. in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. iv. 404; Boiss.
Fl. Orient. Suppl. 339 ; Batt. § Trabutt, Fl. Alg. 1. 718; Coss. Ill.
Fl. Atl. 100, t. 162; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 786;
Kam. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 112; Goebel in Ann. Jard. Bot.
Buit. ix. 91-97. U. diantha, Roem. § Schult., Syst. Mant. i.
169; Benth. in Fl. Hongk. 256; Wight, Te. t. 1569; Olio.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 176 and ix. 147. U. ambigua, DC.
Le. 9.
Coast Rrcion: Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Drége, 8808!
Zeyher, 6283! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 509!
Katanart Reeion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! near Rustenburg,
Alice Pegler, 960! Spruit north of Yuckshyt River, near the sources of the
Limpopo, Nelson, 521! between Middelburg and the Crocodile River, Wilms,
1239! Bosch Veld, Buchenhouts Kloof Spruit, Rehmann, 4759 partly !
Eastern Recion: Natal; Mohlamba Range, 5000-6000 ft., Sutherland !
Inanda, Wood ! Tongaat, Wood, 130!
Throughout Africa; also in Portugal and from India to China and Australia.
Nelson’s specimen represents a very copiously branched, almost matted state
with rather small flowers and fruits.
II. GENLISEA, A. St. Hil.
Calyx deeply 5-partite, persistent ; segments equal or subequal,
ovate to lanceolate. Corolla 2-lipped, spurred ; upper lip erect,
entire or emarginate ; lower lip larger than the upper, with a vaulted
more or less 2-gibbous palate and a deflexed 3-lobed margin.
Stamens 2 ; filaments curved, short, sometimes asymmetrically dilated ;
anthers dorsifixed, cells subdistinct or confluent; pollen globose,
smooth, with 8 pores. Ovary more or less globose, 1-celled, style
short or very short; stigma 2-lipped, anticous lobe much larger than
the posticous ; ovules numerous, sessile on the free-central fleshy
placenta, anatropous. Capsule usually globose, circumscissile of
breaking up irregularly. Seeds ovoid, often very oblique, eX
albuminous ; testa” subtransparent, spongy, subbullate ; embryo
hippocrepiform (always ?), not differentiated.
Rootless, terrestrial, annual (?) herbs, growing in swamps, with peculiar
pitcher-like organs (modified leaves) for the capnute and digestion of small
organisms ; primary axis terminated by an inflorescence, producing at the
often very dense rosettes of leaves and frequently root-like organs (rhizoids), the
latter from the axis or the base of axillary buds; leaves heteromorphic ; foliage
leaves petioled, entire, spathulate to suborbicular, ‘persistent at the time
flowering ; pitcher leaves consisting of a stalk and aslender tube, cylindric from
an ellipsoid base and passing into 2 long ribbon-like spirally twisted arms, the
arms and the tube provided on the inner side with transverse bands of
reversed bairs and the tube alse with digestive glands; inflorescence racemos®
bracteate, peduncled ; lower bracts usuall z Jes 2, at the
base of the pedicel. usually barren, adpressed; bracteoles ~,
D'srRiB. Species about 7-8, in Tropical Africa and Tropical South?America. —
Genlisea.] LENTIBULARIE® (Stapf). 437
1, ri hispidula (Stapf) ; leaves numerous, blades obovate-spathu-
ate, 3)—7 lin, long, 2-3! lin. broad, gradually passing into the
long whitish petiole, 4-15 lin. long ; utricles on sometimes very
long stalks (up to 10 lin.), tube 7-8 lin. long, twisted arms over
10 lin. long ; pedunele erect, straight or flexuous, simple or branched,
up to 1 ft. high, quite glabrous or with a few spreading bristles in
the upper part ; raceme 3-5-flowered ; flowers remote; bracts and
bracteoles lanceolate, acuminate, 1} lin. long, more or less minutely
hispidulous, lowest braets barren ; pedicels filiform, 3-5 lin. long in
flower, at length up to 10 lin. long, more or less hispid with yellow
bristles, particularly in the upper part, rarely glabrous; calyx-
Segments lanceolate, subacuminate or acuminate, subequal, 13—2 lin.
long, minutely hispidulous; corolla purple with yellow spots on the
palate, 4-5 lin, long, upper lip ovate, obtuse, 14 lin. long; lower lip
25 lin. long, 3-lobed ; lobes short and broad, almost equal, scarcely
undulate, palate much raised, lower than the upper lip, searcely
gibbous, spur cylindrie from a moderately widened base, 32 lin. long,
obtuse or truncate, sparingly and very minutely hispidulous ; fila-
ments curved, very unequally widened upwards, not quite } lin. long ;
anthers % lin. long; ovary densely pubescent above the glabrous
base ; capsule more or less hairy in the upper part, globose, up to
2 lin. in diam., distinctly circumscissile ; seeds obliquely ovoid or
almost triangular in profile, up to 2 lin. long ; embryo hippocrepi-
form. G. africana, Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 145 (the Magalies-
berg specimen) ; Kam. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 92 (in part).
Katauari Re@ion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 282! Zeyher, 1425!
Bosh Veld, Bucheshonts Kloof Spruit, Rekmann, 4789! near Pretoria, Kirk,
35! near Spitzkop Gold-mine, Wilms, 1242a!
EasTeRN Ruqion: Natal; without precise locality, Schlechter!
Also in Nyasaland.
Kamienski indicates G. africana, also from the following localities : Transvaal ;
Houtbosch, Rehkmann, 5992! Spitzkop, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1242! and
Pondoland; among stones by the Imkereni River, Bachmann, 1290 and 1715.
I have not seen these specimens, but assume they belong to G. hispidula.
Orper XCVIL. GESNERACEZ,
(By C. B. Cruarks.)
Flowers bisexual, irregular. Calyx inferior (in the Cape species),
small, gamosepalous, persistent, 5-lobed. Corolla gamopetalous ;
tube long or short; limb 5-lobed, more or less oblique. Stamens
usually 2 or 4, on the corolla-tube. Ovary 1-celled ; placentas 2,
parietal, much intruded; ovules numerous. Capsule loculicidal ;
Seeds numerous.
Disre1s. The Order contains 550 species in the Old World, 350 in the New.
There is but one genus in the Cape Flora, which is known from Scrophulartaces
by its 1-celled ovary, and the long capsule with twisted valves,
438 gesneRACEs (Clarke).
I. STREPTOCARPUS, Lindl.
Calyx inferior, usually deeply 5-fid, 2;—} in. long. Corolla asym-
metrical; limb 5-lobed, two-lipped, sometimes a little irregular,
sometimes the 3-lobed lip much the longer. Stamens 2, on the
corolla-tube, rudiments of two or three others often present ; anther-
cells early confluent; pollen globose or in a few species ellipsoid,
very minute. Ovary cylindric; placentas much intruded, bearing
the numerous ovules only on their margins ; style linear-cylindric,
persistent; stigma subcapitate. Capsule linear, 1-33 in. long,
splitting into 2 spirally twisted valves which separate from the
placentas. Seeds very small, ellipsoid or oblong, brown.
Herbs, in the Cape species usually nearly or quite stemless, with many-celled,
often gland-tipped hairs; peduncles carrying many Howers in lax cymes, oF
2-flowered in S. Rewii; bracts at the ecyme-divisions small or 0; pistil in all the
Cape species hairy or densely glandular,
DistRIB. Species 50, confined to Africa south of the Tropic of Cancer and the
Mascarene Isles,
Section 1. Unrronrarm. —Leaf 1, spread flat on the ground, known in many
species (presumed in the others of this series) to be one of the cotyledons; the
other cotyledon disappears or rarely is persistent and much smaller ; the foliar —
cotyledon grows out to a leaf perhaps 3 in. wide in the first season, but more than
2 ft. wide in the next. (See Crocker, Jowrn. Linn, Soc. v. 66.)
se apr ovate, shorter than the tube... ... (1) Daviesii.
Calyx-lobes linear or linear-oblong, much longer
than the tube :
_ Corolla-tube broader than long : i
Corolla lin, long, blue... ksi ... (2) Galpini.
Corolla 4 in. long, white ... a ... (3) micrantha.
Corolla-tube longer than broad :
Corolla-tube slender, hardly widened at the
top, much curved ; limb very oblique :
Peduncle short, stout; corolla more
than 1 in. long ie ey 2
Peduncle 9 in. long, slender; corolla
hardly Lin. long... es :
Corolla 1 in. long or more ; tube cylindric,
slightly curved; limb oblique, the 3-
lobed lip much the longer :
Corolla-tube funnel-shaped at the top ;
pollen ellipsoid aes —
Corolla-tube subcylindric at the top ;
pollen globose : .
Corolla blue; ovary hairy with
pointed hairs : ;
Corolla-limb 3 in. across ... (7) tubifios.
Corolla-limb 14 in. across .., (8) Wendlandil.
Corolla white ; ovary with gland-
tipped hairs. ... oe a
Corolla-tube nearly straight, cylindric or
slightly widened upwards; limb not
very oblique nor very broad :
Corolla 14 in. long and upwards :
Calyx-lobes 3 in, long, linear- s
lanceolate tie 5a .... (10) Goopert.
(4) polyanthus.
(5) Haygarthii.
(6) Saundersii.
(9) Vandeleuri.
Streptocarpus.] GESNERACE (Clarke). 439
Calyx-lobes # in. long, linear-
ligulate .., Wis = “sae eee (AD).
Corolla less than 1 in, long:
Peduncles 8~12 in. long : :
Corolla-tube 2 in. long, a
little widened at the top... (12) breviflos.
Corolla-tube 2% in. long,
cylindric to the top -« (13) Muddii.
Peduncles 0-3 in. long .., (14) pusilla,
Section 2. Rosu~atx.—Leaves 1-4 besides the cotyledon sometimes present,
basal or nearly so; the uppermost leaf not spread flat on the ground,
Peduncles 2-1-flowered es ai i’ ... (15) Rexii.
Peduncles 3- to many-flowered :
Corolla-tube cylindric, nearly straight; limb
slightly 1-sided :
Uppermost leaf 1 ft. long, oblong :
Corolla-tube 4 in. broad ns .. (16) Fanninia.
Corolla-tube + in. broad oes --. (17) Woodii.
Uppermost leaf less than 1 ft. long, elliptic
or ovate :
Leaves thick, shaggy :
Leaves not decurrent on the
petiole .., dss ee ... (18) parviflorus.
Leaves attenuated into the
petiole... ns ics ... (19) Intea,
Leaves thin, sparsely hairy, doubly :
crenate . +r» (20) Bolusi.
Corolla-tube much curved ; limb very oblique : iy piebins
Uppermost leaf 10 in. long, oblong age f rolixa.
Uppermost leaf 6 in. long, ‘elliptic ... (22) hirtinervis,
1. 8. Daviesii (N. E. Br. MS.); leaf 5 by 3¢ in., ovate-oblong,
crenate, hairy on both surfaces, nerves 22 pairs ; inflorescence 3-6 in.
long, many-flowered ; calyx } in. long; lobes shorter than the tube,
triangular, with many onicellular glandular hairs, 2 lobes broader, 3
rather smaller; corolla blue; tube = in. long, linear obscurely
widened in the middle; limb 2 in. in diam., two lobes considerably
smaller ; filaments nearly glabrous; pollen globose, grains collected
in tetrahedra even after expansion of the corolla; ovary densely
hairy with short suberect multicellular not gland-tipped hairs ; disc
circular, prominent, symmetric.
Eastern Ruoion: Zululand; Qudeni Forest, 6000 ft., Davies, 55!
This speci is distinct from all others. ‘The size of the leaf
(coty pageg rid je anid measured from the dried specimen,
2. S. Galpini (Hook. f. in Journ. Hort. Nov. 1891, 388, fig.
76); leaf ‘ouaoin 8 by 5 in., ovate, subentire, oe
surfaces; nerves 20 pairs; peduncles 2-4 in. long, gst ) “aaa
pedicels in fruit up to 23 in. long; calyx-lobes ¢ in. ong, met
oblong, terminating in an obseure gland, with many sat ord
gland-tipped hairs ; corolla blue, 1 in. long, nearly <bean ric, wide
funnel-shaped from the base; filaments clothed in : . re
half by numerous multicellular gland-tipped hairs ; poll 98 globo 4
ovary densely covered by many-celled glandular hairs; capsule
— 440 GESNERACEX (Clarke). [ Streptocarpus.
(fide W. Watson) unusually short, thick. Hook. f. Bot. Mag.
t. 7230; W. Watson in Gard. Chron. 1891, x. 546, 1892, xi. 139,
fig. 24.
KALAHARI Recion: Transvaal; Saddleback Range, near Barberton, 5000-
5500 ft., Galpin, 823!
3. 8. micrantha (C. B. Clarke); leaf 7 by 3} in., ovate-oblong,
thin, crenate, sparsely hairy on both surfaces; nerves 16 pairs;
peduncles 4 in. long, slender; eyme 30-flowered, 3 in. in diam. ;
pedicels 11 in. long; ealyx-lobes -},;—;; in. long, linear-oblong,
with short white several-celled not gland-tipped hairs ; corolla
1 in. long, white (Mudd) ; tube hardly 3 in. long, wide campanulate
from the base ; limb oblique, not very unequal ; filaments glabrous ;
pollen globose ; ovary densely clothed by short white several-celled
not gland-tipped hairs; capsule (not ripe) 3 in. long (will be very
small when ripe).
Katauwari Reeion: Transvaal; Umzeila, Mudd !
4. S. polyanthus (Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 4850) ; leaf 5-7 by 3 in,
round or elliptic, obscurely crenate, hairy on both surfaces; nerves
16 pairs ; peduncle 2—4 in. long, rather stout, 4—10-flowered ; pedicel ie
4 in. long ; calyx-lobes 1; in. long, nearly linear, with many many-
celled gland-tipped hairs ; corolla pale blue, up to 14 in. long; tube
2 by +45 im, linear-cylindrie, curved, not funnel-shaped at the
top; limb unequal, the 3-lobed lip much longer than the other;
- filaments dilated, nearly glabrous; pollen globose; ovary closely
covered by short gland-tipped hairs; capsule 12 in. long. Kiev.
Hort. 1862, 250, cum ic., 1889, 398, cum ic., 1896, 12, cum te, —
Nichols. Diet. Gard. iii. 516; Regel, Gartenfl. t. 206; Crocker ™
Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 65, t. 4, figs. 1-8; Hielscher in Cohn, Bevtr.
ili. 1-24, tt, 1-3; C. B. Olarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 149.
EastERN Region: Natal; Fields Hill, 1200 ft., Sanderson, 511; Greenwich
Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2728! Intshanga, 2000 ft., Wood, 4824:
6616! between Biggars Berg and Buffalo River (imperfect specimen, doubtful) ,
Gerrard, 2055!
5, 8. Haygarthii (N. E. Br. MS.); leaf ovate, crenate, hairy 0?
both surfaces, the herbarium fragment 26 in. wide; peduncles 9 in.
long; inflorescence open, many-flowered, up to 7 in. in diam; —
pedicels 4-1 in. long; calyx-lobes 5-1 in. long, linear-oblong,
sparsely scabrous, with white short not gland-tipped hairs ; corolla
slender, 1 in. long, pale blue (Wood); tube 3—% in. long; linear, —
not widened at the top ; lobes 5, subequal, narrow-oblong, widened —
at the top, 2 in. long, whereof 2 are much lower; filaments
glandular at the top; pollen globose ; ovary clothed densely with —
short several-celled hairs, many gland-tipped; pod 23 in. long,
slender. ;
Ka.auart Recion: Transvaal; Umzeila, Mudd!
Streptocarpus. | GESNERACE (Clarke).
EAsTERN ReGion: Natal; Robinson! Sanderson! Zululand; Isibundini,
my in Herb. Wood, 7465! Qudeni, 6000 ft., Davies, 40! (in Herb. Wood,
32!
6. S. Saundersii (Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5251); 12-18 in. high;
leaf 1 (permanent cotyledon) basal, sessile, flat on the ground,
14 by 12 in., very broadly elliptic, with short hairs on both surfaces,
crenate ; scapes 1-5 from the axil, sometimes carrying a small leat
near the base ; cyme repeatedly divided, often with 40-80 flowers,
hairy ; bracts at the divisions 4 in. long, linear; pedicels {—} in.
long ; calyx-lobes 3 in. long, narrow-oblong, with multicellular hairs
not gland-tipped; corolla pale blue with purple blotches in the
throat ; tube % in. long, somewhat funnel-shaped upwards, a little
curved ; limb oblique, with two lobes much the shorter ; filaments
dilated in the middle, densely covered by capitate short glands at the
top; pollen oblong-ellipsoid; pistil grey with densely placed multi-
cellular hairs, none or few gland-tipped ; capsule 2} by yo in.
Fl. Ser. t. 1802; Regel, Gartenjl. t. 826; N. E. Br. in Gard.
Chron. 1875, iii. 375; Nichols. Dict. Gard. iii. 516 ; C. B. Clarke
in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 150, excl. var. B; Fritsch in Engl. § Prantl,
Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 151.
Eastern Reaton: Natal; cultivated specimens !
7. §. tubiflos (C. B. Clarke) ; leaf 4-7 in. broad, rather smaller
than in S. Saundersit, Hook. f.; primary nerves more numerous and
closer together ; corolla-tube $ in. long, subcylindric, rather narrower
than that of S. Saundersii, scarcely funnel-shaped at the top; pollen
globose; otherwise as C. Saundersii, Hook. f. C. Cooperi, U, B.
Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 150, partly ; Engl. in Engl. Pfl.
Ost-Afr. C. 362.
Eastern Recion : Natal; Inanda,
191!
Also in Tropical Africa.
8. §. Wendlandii (Sprenger in Dammann, Cat. 1890-91, 80, with
descript.) ; leaf an ng 30 by 24 in., crenate, closely hairy ;
pedunele 1 ft. long; inflorescence 6-8 in. long, 30-flowered ; calyx-
lobes 2 in. long, linear, with many multicellular hairs not gland-
tipped ; corolla blue when dried, 1% in. long; tube } by } we
slightly curved; expanded limb 1; in, across, filaments ligulate
slightly glandular at the top; pollen globose ; ovary densely grey
hairy with suberect multicellular hairs not gland-tipped j pr e
23 in. long. W. Watson in Gard. Uhron. 1894, xv. 590; Journ.
Hort. ser. 3, xxviii. 228, fig. 37; Bot. Mag. t. 7447.
Eastern Reoion: Zululand, Wood, 3944! and cultivated specimens !
With this species is arranged a plant from Umgoya in Zulaland, 1000-
000 W 71 i i i he tube ¥, in.
. in this the corolla is at most 1} in. long, the
oe a berated re rodeo It may be a form of 8. Wendlandii ; the small
8 *
calyx and corolla bring it nearer S. tubiflos.
Wood, 752! Zululand? Ingoma, Gerrard,
4.4.2 GESNERACEX (Clarke). | Streptocarpus.
9. S. Vandeleuri (Bak. f. & S. Moore in Journ. Bot, 1901, 262) ;
leaf 18 by 10 in., obscurely crenate, hairy on both surfaces; nerves
22 pairs; peduncles 3-6 in. long, stout; cymes 10 in. in diam.,
viscous-hairy, 50-flowered; corolla white, curved; tube cylindric,
12 in. long; 3-lobed lip considerably longer ; filaments glabrous;
pollen globose; ovary densely covered with gland-tipped hairs ;
capsule 2 in. long, when ripe very viscous gland-hairy.
Transvaal; Greylingstad, Rand, 1313! Vandelewr !
The example from which Baker f. & S. Moore described the species was a plant
of the first season with a detached cuneate-based leaf 7 in. long. The species in
its calyx is allied to S. Dunnii, Hook f., but differs in the curved corolla-tube and
viscous pistil.
10. 8. Cooperi (C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 150, excl.
Buchanan n. 99) ; leaf ovate-elongate, up to 14 in. by 6 in. at the
base, erenate, sparingly hairy ; nerves 20 pairs ; peduncle 10 in. long ;
inflorescence 5 in. long, 15-flowered ; calyx-lobes } in. long, linear,
ending in an obscure gland, with spreading not gland-tipped hairs ;
corolla blue (Cooper), or pink with dark throat (Wood) ; tube more
than 1 in. long, narrow, but narrowly funnel-shaped in the upper half;
filaments dilated, hardly glandular at top; pollen globose; pistil
densely hairy with multicellular gland-tipped hairs ; capsule (unripe)
2} in. long,
Karanari Reaion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1033 !
EastERN Reaion: Natal; Van Reenens Pass, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 5704!
Buchanan 99, joined with this in DC. Monogr. Phan, is 8. twbijlos.
11. §. Dunnii (Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6903) ; leaf attaining 36 by
16 in. coarsely erenate, very hairy beneath ; nerves 20 pairs;
peduncles 0-6 in. long, with many (sometimes 40) flowers; calyx-
lobes nearly 4 in. long, linear-ligulate with many-celled not gland-
tipped hairs ; corolla 12 in. long, pink to pink-yellow; tube 1} in.
long, narrow-conic, 4 in. wide at the top, nearly straight ; limb very
short ; filaments dilated in the middle, slightly glandular at the tip;
pollen globose ; pistil densely shaggy with erect multicellular not
gland-tipped hairs; capsule 12 by 1 in. Nichols. Dict. Gard. iil.
516; Godefr. Leb. in Le Jardin, 1888, 55, with fig., 1894, 115,
with fig.; W. Watson in Garden § For. 1890, 608, jig. 81.
S. Armitagei, Bak. f. ¢ S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1901, 262.
Streptocarpus sp., Masters in Gard. Chron. 1886, xxv. 625.
Kananari Recion: Transvaal, at 3600 to 6000 ft.; Spitz Kop, Dunn!
Devils Knuckles, Wilms, 1026! Saddleback Range near Barberton, Galpin, 704!
Armytage! Greylingstad, Rand, 1313!
Leaves with the upper surface smooth, minutely hairy, the corolla-tube with
slender hairs outside; in the typical 8. Armitagei (Galpin 704), the young |
Is rugose shaggy on the upper surface ; the corolla-tube is more hairy. The
young leaves, however, of the 8. Dwnnii type have the upper surface rugose,
more hairy, The length of the pedicels, described as different by Baker f. & Bi
Moore, appears to me tlic same at the same aze inthe two plants, Itis observable S
Streptocarpus.] GESNERACE® (Clarke). 443
that, in every dried specimen in the herbarium, the spirit (used in poisoning)
has dissolved out of every part of this plant an orange stain known in no other
Streptocarpus. The ligulate calyx-lobes, the short-limbed corolla, the upright
shaggy hairs of the pistil, are exactly alike in S. Dunnii and in 8, Armitaget.
12. S. breviflos (C. B. Clarke); leaf 13 by 9 in., ovate, crenate,
hairy on both surfaces; peduncles stout, 14 in. long; cyme many-
flowered, 8 in. long ; pedicels 1-2 in. long ; calyx-lobes 5 in. long,
linear with many subereet several-celled white not gland-tipped
hairs; corolla 2 in. long; tube scarcely % in. long, straight,
cylindric, somewhat funnel-shaped upwards; limb somewhat
oblique; filaments much dilated, glandular at the top; pollen
globose ; ovary very densely clothed with short suberect several-
celled white not gland-tipped hairs. ©. Saundersti, var. breviflos,
C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 150.
Karanari Reaion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2766!
This plant in its large size (and many other points) resembles 8. tubiflos, but
has much smaller flowers.
Also in Tropical Africa.
13, §. Muddii (C. B. Clarke); leaf 8 by 3} in., elliptic-oblong,
thin, crenate, sparsely hairy on both surfaces ; nerves 20 pairs;
peduncle 8-11 in. long ; cyme 5—14-flowered ; pedicels }-} in. long ;
calyx-lobes 3-1 in. long, oblong-linear, with unequal short several-
celled not gland-tipped hairs; corolla $ in. long, white with purple ~
spots in the throat (Galpin), cylindric, 3 in. long, 4 in. wide, nearly
straight, hardly funnel-shaped at the top; limb 2 in. wide; two
lobes somewhat shorter; filaments glabrous, dilated in the middle ;
pollen globose ; ovary densely clothed with short spreading several-
celled not gland-tipped hairs; young capsule 14 in. long (will be
considerably longer).
Transvaal; Umzeila, Mudd! summit of the Saddleback
KALAHARI REGION: :
5000 ft., Galpin, 822! Lydenberg, Wilms, 1025!
Range near Barberton,
14, §. pusilla (Harvey ex C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Paan.
v. 149); leaf up to 6 by 3} in, elliptic, erenate, hairy on both
surfaces ; nerves 16-18 pairs ; peduncles 0-3 in. long; cymes 10-20-
flowered ; pedicels 1-} in. long ; calyx-lobes y’5. in. long, linear-
oblong, with long many-celled gland-tipped hairs ; corolla $ in. long,
white (Cooper, Evans); tube 3-5 m™. long, cylindric, slightly
widened at the top, nearly straight; limb oblique ; lobes slightly
unequal ; filaments’ glabrous ; anthers sometimes with very long
many-celled not gland-tipped hairs (but these are sometimes nearly
wanting); pollcn very slightly ellipsoid ; ovary with many-celled
gland-tipped hairs ; capsule 3 by yy 1.
Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1032! Basutoland,
4 KALAHARI REGION :
ooper, 947 ! vb
thle Region: Tembuland; near Gat Berg, Baur, 728! Natal; Cold-
weastle (an imperfect, doubtful example),
stream, Rehmann, 6916! near Ne
Wilms, 2173! near the Drakensberg Caves, 6000-7000 ft., Evans, 357!
444 GESNERACE# (Clarke). [ Streptocarpus.
15. 8. Rexii (Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1173); stemless; leaves
several, suberect, 8 by 2 in., oblong, erenate, hairy on both surfaces ;
peduncle 4-12 in. long, 2-1-flowered; calyx-lobes } in. long,
narrowly oblong, with many eglandular hairs; corolla 2 in. long,
blue or mauve; tube 12 in. long, very narrow but definitely linear-
funnel-shaped in the upper half, nearly straight; lobes a little
unequal ; filaments long, little dilated, glabrous except at the very
top; pollen globose; pistil densely grey hairy with few (or no)
gland-tipped hairs ; eapsule 3-53 in. long; seeds very small, 35 in.
long), oblong-ellipsoid, lanceolate at either end, brown. G. Don, Gen.
Syst. iv. 658, fig. 72; Wight, Illustr. Ind. Bot. ii. t. 159b, fig.
12; Regel, Gartenfl. t. 204 (var. biflora) ; Crocker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. v. 66, t. 4, figs. 2-3; DO. Monogr. Phan. v. 151; Nichols. Dict.
Gard. iii. )16; Fritsch in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. 3B, 151.
S. Rexii, var. B longifolia, Drege in Linnea, xx. 195. 8S. Gardeni,
Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 4862; Fl. Ser. t. 1214; Nichols. Dict. Gard.
iii. 516; CO. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 152; Fritsch in
Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam, iv. 3B. 151. 8S. biflorus, Crocker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 67, t. 4, figs. 4-7. Didymocarpus Reaxti, Bowie
ex Hook, Exot. Fl. iii. t.227; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 829; Bot. Mag.
t. 3005. Henckelia capensis, A. Braun MS. ex C. B. Clarke, Lc.
Coast Region: Knysna Div.; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5148!
near Knysna, Bowie! Uitenhage Div. ; in woods, Zeyher, 683! Albany Div.;
es ‘aera Pappe! Bedford Div.; Kaga Berg, Bolus, Herb. Norm.,
KataHaRI Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1031! Transvaal; in
wooded kloofs around Barberton, Galpin, 1814! Kaffir Creek, Mudd!
EastErnN RecGion: Tembuland; between Morley and Umtata River, Drége!
Bazeia, 2000-3000 ft., Baur, 20! Natal; Umhbloti, Wood, 796! Kirkmans
Cutting, 1500 ft., Sanderson, 60! Roseborough, 4000 ft., Miss Armstrong !
Enlakamu Bush, Mrs. Clarke! and without precise locality, Sutherland !
Gerrard, 763! Zululand, Gerrard, 667 !
This species is easily distinguished by the long narrowly funnel-shaped corolla,
combined with the 2-1-flowered peduncles. The leaves vary in size greatly,
sometimes larger, often much smaller than as above described ; the corolla varies
but slightly in size. I suppose 8. Gardeni, Hook., which I only know from
the picture in Bot. Mag. t. 4862, to bea fine garden variety of 8. Rexii. Among
the plants referred above to S. Rewii, the most aberrant is Galpin, 1314; in this_
the corolla-tube is only 1 in. long and much widened upwards, while the ripe
capsule is only 1} in. long ; I suppose it to be a high-level form.
16. §. Fanninie (Harvey ex C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan.
7. 150, incl. var. 8); stem 1-2 in. long; stem-leaf one, 15 by
3-4 in. long, slightly crenate, sparsely pubescent ; nerves 35 pairs ;
peduncle 1 ft. long; compound cyme dense ; calyx-lobes 4—1 in.
long, linear, sprinkled with long uniform multicellular hairs;
corolla lovely blue (Mrs. Sawnders); tube 14 by + in., cylindrie-
campanulate slightly widened upwards, a little curved; filaments
hardly dilated, with capitate glandular papille in the upper half;
pollen globose; pistil covered rather thinly by uniform long multi-
cellular hairs. eee
Streptocarpus.] GESNERACES® (Clarke). 445
Eastern Reeion: Natal; Dargle Farm, near the Umgene River, Mrs. Fannin,
4 - edge of a stream, Mrs. K. Saunders! Lidgetton, 300)-1000 ft., Wood,
17. S. Woodii (C. B. Clarke); stem 2-5 in. long; one stem-leaf
12 by 32 in., the opposite one 21 in, long (or wanting as are the
cotyledons); cyme repeatedly dichotomous with sometimes 60
flowers; corolla blue or white; tube {-1 by 3 in; hairs of the
calyx (and of the pistil) very unequal, many short, some long,
glandular or not; pollen ellipsoid ; capsule 22 in. long ; otherwise as
S. Fanninia.
Eastern Recton: Natal; shady places at the edge of a stream at Liddesdale,
pale Wood, 3931! Noods Berg, 3000 ft., Wood, 4234! Ixopo, Mrs. E. 8.
arre!
18, S, parviflorus (Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 152) ;
stem 0; leaves several, suberect, nearly or quite sessile, elliptic,
attaining 9 by 32 in., with 10-12 pairs of nerves, crenate, shaggy ;
peduncles (usually several), 4-8 in. long ; eyme open, 3-10-flowered ;
calyx-lobes 4-1 in. long, narrowly oblong, hairy, few of the hairs
- gland-tipped ; corolla pale blue; tube 3—-% in. long, straight, cylindric,
very obscurely widened upwards, mouth a little oblique; filaments
nearly glabrous, slightly dilated in the middle; pollen globose ;
pistil densely hairy, few of the hairs gland-tipped ; capsule 13-2 in.
long. C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan, v. 152 ; Hook. f. Bot.
Mag. tt. 6636, 7036 ; Nichols. Dict. Gard. iii. 516 ; Fritsch in Engl.
§ Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. 3B. 151. S. Rexit, Drege m Linn@a, xx.
195, excl. var B longifolia. Columnea henckelioides, Sprengel MS.
e C. B. Clarke, l.c.
Coast Recion; Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Papp
Zeyher, 897! Hutton! :
pe niele Recion : Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, 3300 ft., MacOwan, 231!
Graaff Reinet Div. ; in damp shady places near Graaff Reinet, 3500 ft., Bolus,
389! Bowker! 5
Kaztanari Reeion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5974! (an imperfect
specimen, dubious).
19. 8. lutea (C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 153); leaves
elongate, oblong, 8-12 by 2 in., with sometimes 20-24 pairs of
nerves, attenuate at the base, petiole often 1 in. long; cyme closer
than in S. parviflorus, Drege ; corolla white with yellow throat
(Nelson), almost white pencilled with purple inside (Gerrard) ;
tube slightly widened upwards ; otherwise as S. parviflorus, Drége.
Fritsch in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. $B. 151.
Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5975! 5976! Hout-
e! Howisons Poort,
KALAHARI REGION:
: 378! :
ee roe Natal ; at a cascade of the Tugela River, Gerrard, 1979!
20. 8. Bolusi (C. B. Clarke) ; stem hardly any; leaves 1 or 2,
3-4 by 2-2} in., subsessile, much (or doubly) crenate, sparsely hairy ;
nerves 12 pairs; peduncles 9-4 from each axil, 0-2 in. long; cyme
es
446 GESNERACE® (Clarke). [ Streptocarpus.
slender, compound, up to 3 in. in diam., with 17 flowers (some few-
flowered) ; bracts at the divisions 1—1 in. long, oblong; pedicels up
to 1 in. long; calyx-segments 1—2 in. long, oblong-linear, with many
multicellular often gland-tipped hairs, each calyx-lobe ending ina
hemispherical gland; corolla 3 in. long; tube 3 in. long, cylindric,
straight; limb slightly oblique ; filaments ligulate, glabrous ; pollen
globose ; pistil with many long multicellular often gland-tipped
hairs ; capsule 1 in. long.
EasteRN RxEGion: Tembuland; Engeobo Mountains, 4500 ft., Bolus!
Griqualand Hast ; Maclear, 4500 ft., Bolus!
21. §. prolixa (C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 151);
stemless, with one leaf 11 by 3 in., and 1 or 2 much smaller; leaf
hardly petioled, oblong, crenate, with many long white multicellular
hairs, especially on the 22 pairs of nerves; cyme very lax, slender ;
peduncle 8-10 in. long; primary branches 4—5 in. long; pedicels
1 in. long, not numerous ; calyx-lobes #4; in. long, linear, with short
scabrous hairs, each lobe ending in a hemispheric gland surrounded
by longer hairs; corolla $ in. long, purple-blue when dry, very
slender; tube 4 in. long, linear; limb very oblique with very
unequal lobes; pollen globose ; pistil thinly clothed with eglandular
hairs ; capsule 12 in. long, slender.
EAsteRN ReGIon: Natal ; Inanda, Wood, 859!
22. S. hirtinervis (C. B. Clarke); stem 0-1 in. long, carrying
3 leaves; leaves 3-5 by 2 in., subsessile or narrowed to a very short
petiole, coarsely toothed, very shaggy; nerves 10-15 pairs on the
upper surface, each nerve densely clothed with two lines of hairs
pointed to the midrib; peduneles 3-5 in. long, hairy ; cyme com-
pound (in the Griqualand example only 2-flowered) ; calyx-lobes
s—¢ In. long, oblong-linear, hairy, with few hairs gland-tipped ;
corolla $1 in. long, violet-blue when dry ; tube 3 in, long, eylindric,
slightly dilated at the top, abruptly curved near the base; pistil
very hairy ; filaments glabrous, dilated in the upper part; pollen
globose.
Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Chwenkwa, 3700 ft., Bolus /
The above description is drawn chiefly from Nyasaland examples ; the Griqua-
a ig 1s a scrap, but the corolla and the marbled indumentum of the leaf
match.
Also in Tropical Africa.
Hybrids and imperfectly known species.
1. §. achimeniffora, Journ. Hort. ser. 3, xl. 479. A garden
hybrid.
2. 8. azureus, André in Rev, Hort. 1889, 398. A garden hybrid.
o 3, biflora, Pucci in Bull. Soc. Tose. Ort. ser. 2, 1890, 312 cum
tab. S. bifloro—polyanthus, Duchartre in Fl. Ser. t. 24293
Nichols. Dict. Gard. iii, 516. S. polyanthus, var. grandiflora,
Ingelr. in L’Hortic. France. 1859, 129, t. 12. A garden hybrid.
Streptocarpus. | ‘GESNERACEX (Clarke). 447
4, §. Bruanti, Gard. Chron. 1902, xxxii, 327. A hybrid between
S. Rexit and S. polyanthus.
5, S. Dyeri, W. Wats. in Gard. Chron. 1894, xv. 590, and in Gard.
and For. viii. 1895, 5, fig. 1. A hybrid between S. Wendlandti
and S. Dunnit.
6. S. floribundus, Gard. Chron. 1878, x. 282. Name only.:
7. S. grandiflorus, André in Rev. Hort. 1889, 398. A garden
hybrid. |
_ 8. S. Greenii, Gard. Chron. 1877, viii. 248 ; Nichols. Dict. Gard.
iii. 516. A hybrid between S. Saundersit and S. Remit.
9. S. insignis, André in Rev. Hort. 1889, 398. A garden hybrid.
10, 8, kewensis, Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 247, t. 61. A hybrid
between S. Reati and S. Dunnit.
11. S. liechtensteinensis, Wien. Illustr. Gart. Zeit. 1894, 361,
A hybrid between S. Wendlandix and S. Watsont.
12. S. maculatus, André in Rev. Hort. 1889, 398. <A garden
hybrid.
13. §. multiflora, Gard. Chron. 1895, xviii. 211, t. 48, 1902,
xxxii. 327, t. 109; Lllustr. Hort. sér 6, iii. 67, t. 7. A seedling
raised from S. Remit.
14. S. polyanthus, Le Jardin, 1894, 114, t. 53, not of Hook. f.
15. S. Watsoni, Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 215, t. 52. A hybrid
between S. parviflora and S. Dunnii. .
16. S. Wilmsii (Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 363); leaf one,
8 by 4 in., densely white-hairy ; nerves 20 pairs; peduncle 10 in.
long, many-flowered ; calyx-lobes 5-4 in. long, elongate-triangular,
acute; corolla 12 in. long, violet ; tube broad funnel-shaped; upper
lip only half the length of the lower.
Katanarrt Reeron: Transvaal ; Spitz Kop, Wilms!
Wilms 1025 has been sent to the British Museum as S. Wilmsii, but is the
plant above described as S. Muddii (with smaller, exactly cylindric corolla).
Wilms appears to have collected 3 species of Streptocarpus in the Transvaal.
The description of 8. Wilmsiz, Engl., might do for S. Galpini, Hook, f.
Orper XCIX. BIGNONIACEZ.
(By T. A. SPRAGUE.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, more or less irregular. Calyz inferior,
gamosepalous, truncate, lobed or spathaeeous. Corolla gamopetalous ‘
tube campanulate, funnel-shaped or tubular, often pilose at the
insertion of the stamens ; xine geen on rgee! ee eit
apping the 3-lobed anticous lip im 00 more rare
mera ie on fete on the corolla-tube, 4, didynamous with
a posticous staminode, or 5 equal, very rarely 2; filaments filiform or
flattened, slightly thickened at the base; anthers introrse, dehiscing
448 BIGNONIACEE (Sprague).
longitudinally ; lobes attached at the apex, parallel, divergent or
divaricate. Disc hypogynous, cushion-shaped, annular or cupular,
rarely absent. Ovary 2-celled or more rarely 1-celled with 2 parietal
placentas; ovules numerous, anatropous; style simple, filiform ;
stigma of 2 flattened ovate or oblong lobes. ’ruit a 2-valved loculi-
cidal or septifragal capsule, or fleshy and indehiscent. Seeds usually
flat with a broad often hyaline wing; embryo usually enveloped in a
fine interior membrane (tegmen) ; albumen 0; cotyledons flattened,
rarely folded ; radicle short, lateral (very rarely superior).
Trees or shrubs, frequently twiners or climbers, very rarely herbs ; leaves
opposite, more rarely whorled or alternate, usually compound with articulated
leaflets, often cirrhiferous ; stipules absent, but closely simulated in certain genera
by the first or first and second pairs of leaves of the axillary bud (pseudostipules) 5
inflorescence a panicle or raceme (simple or with cymose ultimate branching),
terminal or axillary; flowers sometimes borne on the old wood, often large,
abundant and brightly coloured.
DistRiB, Genera about 105, many of them monotypic; species about 550,
mostly Tropical American.
Tribe 1. Tecomex. Ovary 2-celled. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. Seeds
winged.
* Stamens 4, didynamous, with a posticous staminode.
I. Tecomaria.—Stamens exserted ; upper third of anther-lobes connate.
If, Podranea.—Stamens included ; anther-lobes free from each other except
at the very apex.
** Perfect stamens 5, equal.
Ill. Rhigozum.—Calyx campanulate ; fruit smooth,
IV. Catophractes.—Calyx tubular; fruit warted.
Tribe 2. CrescentieZ. Ovary l-celled. Fruit indehiscent. Seeds not
winged.
V. Kigelia.—Only South African genus.
I. TECOMARIA, Spach.
Calyx regular, campanulate, 5-toothed. Corolla-tube narrowly
funnel-shaped or almost cylindric, curved ; limb markedly bilabiate.
Stamens 4, exserted; anther-lobes connate for the upper third, —
divergent below. Disc cupular. Ovules 4-seriate in each cell.
Capsule oblong-linear, much compressed parallel to the septum.
Shrubs with simply imparipinnate leaves and dense terminal racemes of orange
or scarlet flowers.
Distris. Species 3, all African.
The genus Tecomaria has been much confused with Stenolobiwm, which has free
anther-lobes and only two rows of ovules in each cell. Thus Tecomaria, Bur.
(Monogr. Bignon. 47) is Stenolobiwm (vide t. 13); Tecomaria fulva, Seem. =
Stenolobium fulvum, Sprague; Tecoma Smithii, Bull, Cat. 1889, 8, a reputed
hybrid (7. velutina and T. capensis, Gard. Chron. 1894, ii. 64) = Stenolobium
alatum, Sprague (Tecoma alata, DC.).
1. T. capensis (Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. ix. 137); a rambling
shrub, about 6 ft. high; branches subterete, minutely pubescent
above, glabrescent below; leaves opposite, short-petioled, 2-5 In.
Tecomaria. | BIGNONIACE® (Sprague). 449
long; leaflets 5-9 (rarely 8), shortly stalked, elliptic, orbicular or
rhomboidal, more or less oblique at the base, }-1} in. long, $1 in.
broad (terminal leaflet ovate, acuminate, {-l} in, long, ya in,
broad, its petiole 3-13 in. long), crenate, sometimes mucronulate
glabrescent above, pilose in the axils of the veins below ; common
peduncle 13-4 in, long, usually overtopping the leaves, bearing a
raceme of numerous 3-flowered eymes; rhachis, pedicels and calyx
finely pubescent ; bracts linear-subulate, 2-3 lin. long, eaducous ;
calyx tubular-campanulate, strongly ribbed ; tube 14-2} lin. long;
teeth deltoid, apiculate, about } lin, long, ciliate ; corolla orange-red
or scarlet ; tube laterally compressed, 1-1; in. long, 1 lin. in diam.
at the base, pilose inside for the lower third ; lobes rounded, rather
under 2 in. long, ciliate, the two upper connate for two-thirds of
their length; anther-lobes 14 lin. long, + lin. broad, divergent below ;
apsule 3-5 in. long, 4-5 lin. broad. Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1863,
; Baill. Hist. Pl. x. 41; K. Schum. in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenf.
. 3B, 230, and in Mart, Fl. Bras. viii, ii. 8307; Schinz in Mém.
b. Boiss. No. 10, 62. Tecomaria Krebsit, Klotzsch in Peters,
Mossamb. Bot. 193. T. Petersit, Klotzsch, lic. 192. Big-
ensis, Thunb. Prodr. 105 ; Pers. Syn. ii. 172. Tecoma
/ Lindl. Bot, Reg. t. 1117; DC. Prodr. ix. 223; Drége,
fwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 136, 142, 156, 160 ; Harvey, Gen.
3. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 235, and ed. ii. 275; Schinz in Bull. Trav. Soc.
Bot. Geneve vi. (1891) 70; A. Zahlbruckner in Ann. Mus. Wien,
xv. (1900) 70; Wood, Natal Plants, iii. 3, 24, t. 272. Ducoudrea
sp., Bur. Monogr. Bignon. 49,
Sourn Arrica: without locality, Krebs. ;
Burchell, 4254! thickets
Coast Rrcion: Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage,
near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 15! Enon, Baur, 1033! Alexandria Div. ;
Zuaurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drege! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred,
Burchell, 3786! near Bathurst, Atherstone, 15! Albany Div. ; without precise
locality, Cooper, 1544! Grahamstown, Krook in Herb. Penther, 1859. King
Williamstown Div. ; Kei Road Station, Krook in Herb. Penther, 1858, between
Buffalo River and Kachu (Yellowwood) River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Keiskamma,
Hutton !
Eastern ReGIon: Transkei; near Colossa, Krook in Herb. Penther, 1860.
Natal; near the mouth of the Umzimkulu River, Drége/ near Durban, Drege!
Wood, Wilms, 2148! Krauss, 236! Cooper, 2765! McKen, 697. Groenberg,
Wood, 568! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 15! Sanderson! Delagoa
Bay; Rikatla, Junod, 81, 467. Lorenzo Marquez, Peters, Wilms, 1024! and
without precise locality, Scott ! Forbes ! Monteiro, Kuntze.
Also in Tropical Transvaal.
mia ap
ipensis,
Il. PODRANEA, Sprague.
5-toothed, inflated. Corolla campanu-
late above, narrowed to a cylindric tube below ; limb slightly
Stamens 4, included; anther-
bilabiate ; lobes subequal, spreading. fan ;
lobes free except at the very apex, divaricate when mature. Dise
VOL, IV.—SEOT. 1. ag
Calyx regular, campanulate,
450 BIGNONIACEH (Sprague). | Podranea.
cupular. Ovules 8-seriate in each cell. Capsule linear, scarcely
compressed,
Shrubs and undershrubs with opposite, simply imparipinnate leaves and
terminal panicles of pink or lilac flowers.
DisrTRiB. Species 2, one in Tropical Africa.
I have been compelled to separate this genus from Pandorea on account of
the nature of its fruits, which in Bignoniacee afford characters of the highest
taxonomic importance. The capsule of Podranea is elongate-linear with thin
flexible coriaceous entire valves, while that of Pandorea is short and oblong with
woody valves which dehisce into two longitudinal segments, as in the American
genera Melloa and Xylophragma. When in flower, the large inflated calyx of
Podranea affords a good distinguishing mark; in addition, the ovary of
Podranea is oblong, that of Pandorea ovoid. The name Podranea is an anagram
of Pandorea.
1, P. ricasoliana (Sprague); a climbing shrub; branches tere
(subquadrangular when young), finely ribbed, pilose at the nodjes,
otherwise glabrous except for a few minute scales ; leaves 4-7 / im
long; leaflets 7-9; partial petioles 1-3 in. long; blade o
acutely acuminate, more or less oblique at the base, 1-2 in. lo
5-11 lin. broad, crenate, glabrous, lower surface minutely gl
dotted, indistinctly reticulate ; panicle many-flowered ; rhachis ayn
pedicels glabrous ; bracts subulate, 1-13 lin. long ; calyx campanw
late, glandular above; tube 4-5 lin. long, 4 lin. in diam. ; lobé
deltoid-ovate, 2-31 lin, long, mucronate, minutely ciliolate ; corol
flesh-coloured with red stripes, glabrous outside and nearly so inside;
lower cylindric portion 5-6 lin. long, upper campanulate portion
4-12 in. long; lobes suborbicular, 6-8 lin. in diam., retuse, ciliate ;
anther-lobes 2 lin. long, 2 lin, broad ; capsule 8-15 in. long, 5 lin.
broad. Tecoma ricasoliana, Tanf. in Bull. Soe. Tose. Ort. 1887, 1,
it. 1-2, and in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. xix. 103, t. 1. T. r08ed,
Bull. Cat. 1881, 20 (not Bertol.). T. Mackenii, W. Wats. im
Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 332. Pandorea ricasoliana, Baill. Hist.
Pl. x. 40; K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. 3B, 230.
Eastern REcion : Pondoland ; ‘in thickets at the mouth of the Umzimyvubu —
(St. Johns) River, White in Herb. MacOwan, 988! Sutherland!
III, RHIGOZUM, Burch.
Calyx more or less regular, campanulate, 5-toothed. Corolla
funnel-shaped or campanulate above, with a short cylindric tube —
below ; limb subbilabiate ; lobes 5, subequal, spreading. Stamens 5,
all perfect ; anther-lobes connate above, free and parallel below.
~ Dise saucer-shaped, lobed or entire. Ovary contracted at the
base; ovules 2-:eriate in each cell. Capsule oblong or elliptic-
aoe acuminate, much compressed parallel to the septum ; valves
smooth. :
Phigozum.] BIGNONIACEH (Sprague), 451
_Erect, much-branched spiny shrubs; leaves fascicled, simple, trifoliolate or
pinnate 3 flowers yellow, salmon-coloured or white, solitary or fascicled on
cushion-like contracted branches.
Disrrrs. Species 7, natives of Tropical and South Africa.
(R. madagascariense has a circumscissile calyx, and is therefore to be excluded
from the genus.)
Leaves simple, undulate; branches ternate ...
Leaves simple or trifoliolate, not undulate :
Blade 3~13 in. long; corolla 2 in. across ... (2) spinosum,
Blade not more than 4} in, long; corolla 14 in.
across iA 5a ee oe ees ..» (3) obovatum.
Leaves pinnate... ee ous no is ... (4) zambesiacum.,
.. (1) trichotomum.
1. R. trichotomum (Burch. Tray. i. 299) ; an erect shrub, 3-4 ft.
high ; branches ternate ; branchlets strict, obliquely erect; leaves
simple, subsessile, 3-5 fascicled on small cushions, sessile on the
branches, oblong-spathulate, spathulate or obovate-spathulate, more
rarely obcordate, 33-8 lin. long, 13-32 lin. broad, undulate,
glabrous ; flowers several, fascicled on a terminal cushion; calyx
tubular-campanulate, 4 lin. long, irregularly 3-4-lobed and _ split
down one or both sides, 5-cuspidate, prominently ribbed, pilose or
subglabrous ; corolla salmon-coloured ; tube narrowly funnel-shaped,
+ in. long, cylindric portion equalling the calyx, glabrous outside,
slightly pilose within below the insertion of the stamens; lobes
orbicular, 5 lin. in diam., crenulate ; stamens inserted 4 liu. above
base of corolla-tube; filaments 4 lin. long; anthers 4 lin. long,
beaked above; ovary 1+ lin. long; capsule oblong, shortly beaked,
34 in. long, 5 lin. broad. Drege in Linnea, xx. 195; DC.
Prodr. ix, 284; Sprague in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2799; not of other
authors.
Centra Recion: Calvinia Div.; Bitterfontein, 3000-4000 ft., Zeyher.
Carnarvon Div.; at the northern exit of the Karree Bergen Poort, near
Carnarvon, Burchell, 1572! Philipstown Div.; near Petrusville, Hurchell,
2680! Hopetown Diy. ; near Hopetown, Burchell, 2663/2! Shaw?
Katanart Reaion : north and south of the Orange River, Shaw !
- 2. RB. spinosum (Burch. MS.); an erect shrub, 6-7 ft. high,
with sinuous branches and spreading branchlets ; spines 3-4 lin.
long, inserted above the tomentose leaf-cushions ; leaves simple or
trifoliolate ; petiole 1-14 lin. long; blade oblong, tapering towards
the base, 2-12 in. long, 14-4} lin. broad, finely tomentose with
stellate hairs when young, afterwards glabrous; flowers on lateral
cushions ; calyx broadly campanulate, nearly 4 lin. long, pubescent
or finely tomentose ; corolla yellow; limb 2 in. across ; lobes sub-
orbicular, 9 lin. in. diam.; filaments 4 lin. long; anthers under
1+ lin, long, not beaked.
Karausart Region: Bechuanaland; on the rocks at the Chue Spring,
Burchell, 2398/1
Burchell’s specimen has only one imperfect flower, of which oe Tropied
however, to show that R. spinoswm is a o~ distinct species.
) e
va
452 BIGNONIACE (Sprague). [ Rhigozwm.
African R. brevispinum, which has leaves of a similar shape, the flowers are only
_ half the size and the calyx and adult leaves are covered with a very dense
tomentum.
3. R. obovatum (Burch. Trav. i. 389); an erect shrub, 5-8 ft.
high ; branches alternate or opposite, horizontal ; branchlets spread-
ing; leaves simple or trifoliolate, fascicled on small cushions; petiole
1-3} lin. long, slender; blade obovate or obovate-oblong, often
emarginate, 3-7 lin. long, 13-3 lin. broad, pubescent or finely
tomentose with stellate hairs when young, afterwards glabrescent ;
flowers fascicled in twos or threes on lateral cushions ; calyx broadly
campanulate, 2-23 lin. long, more or less regularly 5-lobed, not
markedly ribbed, stellately pubescent or tomentose, minutely glan-
dular; lobes about 3 lin. long, rounded, slightly mucronulate ;
corolla yellow; tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 7-8 lin. long,
cylindric portion equalling the calyx, nearly glabrous outside, pilose
inside at the throat and below the insertion of the stamens; lobes
suborbicular, 4 lin. in diam., ciliate; stamens slightly exserted from
the corolla-tube, inserted 6 lin. above its base ; filaments 3 lin. long ;
anthers 13-2 lin. long, not beaked ; ovary under 1 lin. long;
capsule elliptic-oblong, 13—2 in. long, 7-10 lin. broad, beak 5-6 lin.
long; nucleus of seed orbicular; hyaline wing 2-21 lin. broad.
DC. Prodr. ix. 234; Sprague in Hook. Ic. Pl. sub t. 2799. R.
trichotomum, Fenzl in Denkschr. Bot. Gesellsch. Regensb. iii. 201, t.
5; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 829; Bur. Monogr. Bignon. t. 19;
Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 254; K. Schum. in Engl. § Prantl,
Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 238, t. 90, j,&; not of Burchell. R. brachia-
tum, . Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 60, 137 ;
Drége in Linnea, xx. 195 ; Meisn. Gen. Pl. Comment. 210. Lycium
macranthum, Buchinger ex Krauss in F, lora, 1844, 829,
Coast Reeion: George Div.; near Roodewall, Krauss, 1508. Uitenhage
Div. ; Coegakamma Kloof, Zeyher, 864! Burke, 371! near Winterhoek Moun-
tains, Krawss, 1508; between Coega River and Sunday River, 500-1000 ft.,
Zeyher, 3437, Albany Div.; Fish River, Baur, 1054! near Grahamstown,
MacOwon! Schinland, 590! Brak Kloof, White, 93! and without precise
‘locality, Bowker! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 224!
CenTRaL Recon: Somerset Diy.; near Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell, 3114!
between the Zuurberg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Drége-
Cookhouse, Rogers, 172! Graaff Reinet Div.; by the Sunday River, near Graaff
Reinet, 3000-4000 ft., Drege! Aliwal North Div. ; on dry stony mountain sides
at Elands Hoek, 4600 ft., Bolus, 10484 !
KaLaHaRi Rr@ion: Griqualand West; between Spuigslang Fontein and
the Vaal River, Burchell, 1713! near Kimberley, 3900 ft., Marloth, 782.
Bechuanaland ; near Hamapery, Burchell, 2487 /6!
4. R, zambesiacum (Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 32) ; an erect
spiny shrub, with spreading branchlets; leaves pinnate, 4—6 lin. long,
solitary or fascicled ; common petiole 3-1 lin. long, slender; rhachis
winged ; leaflets 5-9, very shortly stalked; blade elliptic or obovate,
1}-3 lin. long, $~1} lin. broad, puberulous or subglabrous ; flowers
fascieled on cushions below the branchlets ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long ;
calyx campanulate, subglabrous ; tube 13-2 lin. long; lobes } lin.
Rhigozum.]} BIGNONIACE (Sprague). 453
long, roughly triangular with a pilose mucro ; corolla yellow, glab-
rous ; tube 5-6 lin. long, campanulate above, lower cylindric portion
exceeding the calyx; limb 2 in. across; lobes orbicular, 82 lin. in
diam., crenulate; stamens inserted 4-47 lin. above the base of the
corolla-tube; filaments 2 lin. long ; anthers exserted, 23-8 lin. long,
beaked above; ovary 1 lin. long; capsule elliptic-oblong, 12 in.
long, 53 lin. broad, beak 13 lin. long; nucleus of seed elliptic ;
hyaline wing 1-1/ lin. broad.
Eastern Region: Delagoa Bay, Forbes!
Also in Tropical Africa,
IV. CATOPHRACTES, D. Don.
Calye tubular, shortly split down one side, terminated by
5 linear teeth. Corolla funnel-shaped with a long eylindrie tube ;
limb subbilabiate ; lobes 5 (more rarely 6-7), spreading. Stamens
as many as the corolla-lobes, all perfect, subincluded ; anther-lobes
connate above, free and parallel below. Disc cupular. Ovary
contracted at the base ; ovules few, 2-seriate in each cell. Capsule
elliptic or elliptic-oblong, slightly compressed parallel to the septum ;
valves boat-shaped, woody, sharply warted.
Disrrrs, Species 1, found also in Tropical Africa.
1. C. Alexandri (D. Don in Ann. Nat. Hist. ii. (1839) 375); an
erect spiny shrub, 4-6 ft. high, branched from the base; branches
divaricate, glabrous; leaves simple, fascicled, densely tomentose ;
petiole 1-2} lin. long; blade obovate or oblong, 5-1} in. long,
2-8 lin. broad, crenate, with conspicuous lateral veins ; flowers
lateral, fascicled ; calyx densely tomentose outside; tube 1-1} in.
long, shortly split down one side, ribbed; teeth 3-4 lin. long;
corolla white; tube 2-21 in. long, with a broad villous band inside
‘below the origin of the filaments; limb 13~2}.in. aeross; lobes
suborbicular, 9-14 lin. in diam. ; filaments either adnate for their
whole length or the upper } in, free; anthers 2}—3 lin. long, their
tips exserted from the corolla-tube ; ovary ovoid, 1} lin. long,
scabrous with scurfy thick-based hairs; style slightly longer than
the stamens in the flowers with adnate filaments, slightly shorter in
those with free filaments, very sparsely villous below the middle;
capsule 12-3 in. long, 9-14 lin. broad, shortly beaked ; nucleus of
seed suborbicular; hyaline wing 2-3 lin. broad. Proc. Linn. Soe. i.
(1839) 4; Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. (1841) 307, t. 22; DC. Prodr.
ix. 233; Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. iv. (1886) 270; Engl.
in Engl. Jahrb. x. 255; K. Schum. in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenf.
iv. 3B, 238. C. Welwitschi, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 331, ¢.
39. ©. kolbeana, Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. ii. 276.
Wesrern Region: Great Namaqualand ; Kei Kaap Desert, Alevander.
KAuaAHARi ReGion: Transvaal; Todd!
454, BIGNONIACEEX (Sprague).
V. KIGELIA, DC.
Calyx large, campanulate, coriaceous, closed when in bud, bursting
open into 2-5 irregular lobes. Corolla broadly campanulate,
narrowed below to a straight, cylindric or constricted tube ; limb
bilabiate ; upper lip suberect, shortly 2-lobed, lower deflexed deeply
3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, with a posticous staminode, sub-
exserted; anther-lobes free for the greater part of their length,
slightly divergent. Dise large, annular. Ovary l-eelled, with 2
parietal placentas; ovules numerous, multiseriate. Fruit roughly
cylindric, indehiscent ; pericarp thick, enclosing a fibrous pulp in
which the seeds are embedded. Seeds thick, wingless, with a
coriaceous much intruded testa ; cotyledons folded.
Trees with simply imparipinnate leaves and pendulous long-peduncled lax
panicles of large orange or red flowers,
Distris. Species 9, all Tropical African, one extending into South Africa.
K. madagascariensis, Baker, is a Kigelianthe.
1. K. pinnata (DC. Prodr. ix. 247); a tree 20-50 ft. high, with
rough bark ; leaves ternate; leaflets 5—9 (rarely fewer), elliptic-
oblong or obovate, 3-6 in. long, 13-3 in. broad, abruptly acuminate,
rounded or retuse at the apex, serrate or entire, usually glabrous
above, glabrous or more or less pubescent below ; lateral leaflets
subsessile, terminal with petiole 4-13 lin. long ; calyx 1-12 in. long,
glandular above, finely pubescent or glabrescent; tube 7-10 lin.
long; lobes irregular, unequal ; eorolla claret-coloured ; tube 23-3
in. long, dilated at the mouth of the calyx; lower cylindric portion
z in. long; limb 31-6 in, across; lobes pointed, 13—21 in. long;
stamens inserted 11-12 lin. above base of corolla-tube; anthers
43-53 lin. long; disc lobed : ovary 5-6 lin. long, minutely puberu-
lous, sparsely glandular ; fruit subcylindric, over 1 ft. long, 52 x 4 in.
across. K. ethiopica, Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. No. 10, 63, not -
of Decaisne. Crescentia pinnata, Jacq. Collect. iii. 203, ¢ 18.
Tanecium pinnatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 312. Tripinnaria africana,
Spreng. Syst. ii, 842.
Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 24! 18 miles from Lourengo
Marques, Bolus, 9716 |
Also in Tropical Africa,
Orver QC, PEDALINEZ.
(By O. Srapy.)
Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Calya divided nearly to
the base into 5 segments. Corolla gamopetalous ; tube obliquely
cam panulate, funnel-shaped or cylindric, often gibbous or spurred
PEDALINER (Stapf). 455
at the base of the back; limb obscurely 2-labiate, usually short.
Stamens 4, more or less distinctly didynamous, with the rudiment of
the fifth present. (very rarely 2 fertile and 2 staminodes), inserted
and enclosed in the corolla-tube, rarely shortly exserted ; anther-
cells 2, dehiscing longitudinally, hanging from the apex of the
connective and often somewhat divergent, or dorsally attached to it
and parallel, connective nearly always with an apical gland. Hypo-
gynous dise always more or less developed, often asymmetrical.
Ovary superior, very rarely inferior, sessile, 2—4- (rarely 1-) celled ;
cells often completely or incompletely divided by spurious septa;
style filiform, slightly exceeding the anthers; stigma 2-lobed, lobes
ovate to linear; placentas central; ovules 1 to many in each eell.
Fruit very variable, dehiscent or indehiscent, often provided with
spines, horns or wings. Seeds 1 to many in each cell, sometimes
winged, with a delicate or stout testa; albumen very thin; embryo
straight, cotyledons flat, radieles short.
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees, more or less covered
with sessile mucilage glands (at least when young) ; leaves opposite or the upper
alternate; flowers mostly axillary and solitary, rarely in few- to many-flowered
axillary and terminal inflorescences; pedicels usually with nectarial glands
(modified flower-buds) at the base.
DisrriB. Species about 55, in the tropics and the extra-tropical countries of the
southern hemisphere of the Old World.
All the African Pedalinee belong to the tribe Pedaliee.
I. Pterodiseus.—Corol/a funnel-shaped, oblique or slightly gibbous at the
base. Ovary and fruit 2-celled; cells undivided, 1-2-ovuled. Fruit inde-
hiscent, winged. : :
II. Holubia.—Corolla funnel-shaped from an oblique, widely saccate base.
Ovary 2-celled ; cells undivided ; 8 ovules in each cell. Fruit unknown.
III. Harpagophytum.—Oorolla funnel-shaped, equal or slightly gibbous at
the base. Ovary and fruit 2-celled; cells undivided ; ovules numerous,
2-seriate. Fruit tardily dehiscent, armed with hook-bearing horns.
IV. Rogeria.—Corolla funnel-shaped to subcylindric, subgibbous or subsaccate
at the base. Ovary and fruit very unequally 2-celled ; cells incompletely
divided by false septa. Fruit with 2-8 unequal spines or tubercles at the
base; posticous cell small and indehiscent; anticous cell many-seeded,
loculicidal. i
V. Sesamum.—Corolla obliquely campanulate, obscurely gibbous at the base,
Ovary and fruit equally 2-celled; cells incompletely divided by false
Fruit a many-seeded loculicidal, acute or beaked, unappendaged
septa,
capsule. ; :
Vi Metsishtias visited Sesamum, but the capsule with 2 divergent horns or
spines at the apex. s
Vil. Peek Conlin pendulous, obliquely campanulate. Ovary and fruit
2-celled, cells completely divided by false septa, with 2 ovules in each division.
Fruit indehiscent, disc-shaped with 2 central spines.
I. PTERODISCUS, Hook.
lla: tube funnel-shaped, oblique or
limb spreading, subbilabiate ; lobes
thers converging ;
Calyx small, 5-partite. Coro
slightly gibbous at the base; 1
orbicular, subequal. Stamens didynamous; an
¥
” 456 | PEDALINEX (Stapf). [ Pterodiscus.
anther-cells ovoid, divergent, dehiscing by a short longitudinal slit.
Disc enlarged posticously. Ovary 2-celled ; cells undivided ; ovules
1-2 in each cell from the septum above its middle, or 10-12 in 2
series. Fruit indehiscent, laterally compressed, with 4 longitudinal
wings, unarmed ; pericarp spongy with large cavities between the
wings. Seeds 1-2 in each cell, pendulous ; testa finely honey-
combed.
- Perennial succulent herbs; stem tuberous at the base ; leaves coarsely dentate
to pinnate-laciniate, rarely subentire ; flowers solitary, shortly pedicelled in the
axils of the leaves, yellow or purple.
Species about 13 in Tropical and South Africa.
Corolla bright red-purple te sts ies ... (1) P. speciosus.
Corolla dirty yellow, slightly tinged with purple on
the outer side of the limb .., ti. vl w» (2) P. luridus.
1. P. speciosus (Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4117 ); stem-base globose, up
to 23 in. in diam., stem densely glandular like the whole plant when
young, 3-6 in. high; leaves rather numerous, crowded in the upper
part of the stem, linear to linear-oblong, irregularly crenate-dentate
to shortly pinnate-laciniate, rarely subentire, 11-3 in. long, 2-6 lin.
(in cultivated specimens to 9 lin.) wide, gradually narrowed into a
short petiole ; pedicels 2-23 lin. long, slender; calyx up to 2 lin.
long ; segments lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla bright red-purple ;
tube symmetrical or almost so, gradually widened from above the
base to the middle, then slightly constricted and widened again
towards the mouth, 11-2 in. long ; throat villous; limb 11-12 in.
across; filaments bearded at the very base, otherwise glabrous,
longer ones 5-6 lin. long ; ovule 1 in each cell; fruit suborbieular,
cordate at the base, not or obscurely emarginate at the apex, 1-3 in.
long, including the wings which are 1}-2} lin. broad. Decne. in Ann.
Sc. Nat. 5me ser. iii. 335.
Kabanart Rzcion: Griqualand West; Diamond Fields, Tuck, 6! near the
Vaal River, Shaw ! Nelson, 169! Hebron, Nelson, 201! Orange River Colony ;
near Philippolis, Hutton, 4! near the Vet River, Burke, 133! Transvaal ;
Magalies Berg, Burke, 293! Zeyher, 1203! and without precise locality,
Sanderson !
Extending into Tropical Africa as far as Rhodesia.
2. P. luridus (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5784) ; stem-base fleshy,
conical, about 1 ft. high, 2; in. thick at the base, bark smooth, grey,
shoots 6-8 in. long, stout, spreading, like the leaves and flowers
more or less mealy-glandular ; leaves rather numerous, oblong in out-
line, cuneate at the base, pinnatifid to or beyond the middle, 2-3 in.
long, up to 1 in, broad » dark green above, whitish or glaucous
beneath ; lobes linear or oblong from a triangular base, entire ; lower
petioles up to 8 in. long; pedicels 2 lin, long, slender; calyx 1+ lin.
long, lanceolate, acute; corolla slightly asymmetric; tube widened —
from above the base, slightly inflated at the middle, 1 in. long, } in.
wide, pale green; limb dirty orange-yellow tinged with purple on
Pterodiscus. | PEDALINEX (Stapf). 457
the outside, almost 1 in. across ; lobes short; filaments bearded at
the very base, otherwise glabrous; ovule 1 in each cell; fruit
orbicular, cordate at the base, subemarginate at the apex, 9-10 lin.
long, including the wings which are 4 lin. broad towards the base.
Harpagophytum pinnatifidum, Engl. Jahrb. x. 255, t. 7, fig. B.
Katanart Recion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div. ; St. Clair, near Douglas
by the Orange River, Orpen, 190! and in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1935!
sandy places near Kimberley, 4000 ft., Marloth, 730.
The plant was stated in the Botanical Magazine to be a native of the Albany
District, Cape Colony. This is an error, which was caused by the plant having
been received from Professor MacOwan, then at Grahamstown. The sender has
since explained that he had the plant from Mr. Dugmore, who found it within
sight of Orpen’s locality.
II. HOLUBIA, Oliver.
Calyx small, 5-partite; segments subulate-lanceolate. Corolla :
tube cylindric at the middle, funnel-shaped at the mouth, produced
posticously into a large sac at the base ; limb spreading, obseurely
2-labiate ; lobes 5, suborbieular, subequal. Stamens 4, didynamous,
inserted low down in the corolla-tube; filaments long, filiform ;
anthers parallel, ovoid, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally by a short
slit. Dise free, posticously dilated, fleshy. Ovary slightly laterally
compressed, quadrangular (angles keeled), 2.celled ; cells undivided,
equal; ovules 2-seriate, 8 in each cell. Fruit unknown.
A herb; leaves palmati-nerved, more or less lobed; flowers solitary in the
axils of the leaves, greenish-yellow.
DistRis. Species 1, endemic.
1. H. saccata (Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1475); flowering branches
glabrous or almost so ; leaves orbicular-ovate, truncate or slightly
cordate at the base, very obtuse, slightly lobed or sinuate, 1-1} in.
long and broad, sparingly mealy-glandular below, glabrous above ;
petiole 1-11 in. long; corolla-tube {from the calyx to the mouth)
1_]1 in. long; sac up to 1 in. long and over }
wide.
in. wide ; limb 2 in.
Katanart Reeion: Transyaal; Marica District, Holub! and without
precise locality, Todd, 24!
Ill. HARPAGOPHYTUM, DC.
: campanulate, 5-partite; segments lanceolate, narrow.
cue: ey tstepek equal or slightly gibbous ; oe
oblique; lobes orbicular, slightly equal. Anther-cells eam ;
pendulous from the apex of the connective, dehiscing longitudinally
to the base. Ovary 2-celled ;' cells undivided; ovules many 1n each
cell, biseriate. Fruit an ovoid or oblong 2-celled, tardily dehiscent
458 PEDALINEE (Stapf). [Harpagophytum.
capsule, flattened at right angles to the septum, armed along the
edges with 2 rows of long horny arms bearing recurved spines.
Seeds numerous, obovate, horizontal.
Perennial herbs ; rootstock stout ; stems long trailing; leaves shortly petioled ;
flowers solitary on short pedicels in the axils of the leaves,
Species 2 or 3 in Tropical and South Africa.
Stems like the whole plant subglabrous (apart
from the mucilage glands) or the youngest
parts hispidulous ; leaves deeply lobed... ... (1) H. procumbens.
Stems like the whole plant hispidulous; leaves
irregularly toothed or shallowly lobed ... (2) H. Zeyheri.
1. H. procumbens (DC. Prodr. ix. 257); stems like the whole
plant subglabrous (apart from the mucilage glands) or the younger
parts more or less minutely hispidulous ; leaves rotundate-ovate to
rhomboid or ovate in outline, pinnatilobed to or beyond the middle,
1_]2 jin, long, about 1-1 in. broad, shortly cuneate at the base,
glaueous or whitish and powdery glandular below ; lobes more or
less oblong, obtuse, with 1-3 short obtuse irregular teeth; petioles
3-9 lin. long ; pedicels about 3 lin. long; calyx 2—4 lin. long;
corolla 2-23 in. long; tube narrow and eylindric for 4—5 lin. from
the base, then widened, trumpet- or funnel-shaped, about 2 in. wide
just below the mouth, yellowish below, passing into purple above;
limb 1-14 in, across, deep purple; lobes suborbicular, broader than
long. DC. in Deless. Ic. Sel. v. 39, t. 94; Engl. Jahrb. x. 255.
H. Burchellii, Deene. ex DC. in Deless. Ic. Sel. vy. 40. Unearia
procumbens, Burch. Trav. i. 536, 529 with fig. of fruit.
Kananart Region: Griqualand West; in sandy soil near Kimberley,
Marloth, 767! between Griqua Town and Witte Water, Burchell, 1970! and
without precise locality, Bowker, 2! Bechuanaland; Molito, Fredoux ! Orange
River Colony; without precise locality, Hutton! Skaw/ Transvaal; Bosch —
Veld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5291!
CuntRAL ReGion: Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, 4000 ft., Bolus, 2017!
by the Orange River, Shaw! ; oe By %
Also in Tropical Africa,
_2. H. Zeyheri (Decne. in Ann. Sc. Nat. 5me sér. iii, 329) ; stems
like the whole plant minutely hispidulous and powdery glandular,
from a few inches to more than 1 ft. long; leaves rotundate-ovate
in outline, obtuse, shortly cuneate, irregularly toothed or shallowly
_ lobed, 6-9 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad, whitish beneath ; petioles about
2 lin. long; pedicels up to 2 lin. long; calyx 21~4 lin. long;
corolla 1} to nearly 2in. long; tube narrow and eylindric for 4-6 lin.
from the base, then very gradually widened, cylindric-funnel-shaped, —
4 lin. wide just below the mouth; limb about 9 lin. aeross; lobes
suborbicular, broader than long ; fruit unknown.
jek Atauant Rucion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1205! Bure, a
Harpagophytum.] PEDALINEE (Stapf). 459
I suspect this to be an extreme form of H. procumbens, characterized by small,
slightly lobed or dentate leaves, smaller flowers and the copious development of
small, rigid hairs of the same nature as those found in the young parts of H,
procumbens. The colour of the corolla is evidently yellow in the lower, and
more or less purple in the upper part.
IV. ROGERIA, J. Gay.
Calyx small, 5-partite. Corolla: tube fannel-shaped to almost
cylindric, slightly gibbous to saccate on the posticous side of the
base ; limb spreading, obscurely 2-labiate ; lobes suborbicular, sub-
equal, Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-
tube ; filaments long, filiform; anthers parallel, ovate-oblong, dorsi-
fixed. Ovary unequally 2-celled ; posticous cell much shorter and
smaller; anticous cell divided imperfectly (in the lower part),
posticous cell divided perfectly by a spurious septum; ovules
humerous and about 4-seriate in each of the anticous, few and
l-seriate in the posticous divisions. Capsule obliquely ovoid,
rostrate, armed with 2-8 conic spines or tubercles, the large anterior
cell tardily loeulicidal to the middle, the posticous indehiscent.
Seeds oblong, angular ; testa reticulate.
Erect, annual, succulent herbs; leaves broad, Jong-petioled; flowers in axillary
few- to 1-flowered cymes on short pedicels, violet or white.
Distris. Species 8 in Tropical and South Africa.
1. R. longiflora (J. Gay in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ire sér. i. 457) ; stem
nical. clantite ate at ie very top; leaves ovate to rotundate-
ovate, subentire with a somewhat wavy margin, obtuse at the apex,
subacute to subtruncate at the base, 2-31 in. long, 13-32 in. broad,
mealy-glandular and glaucous below, boldly 3-nerved ; flowers 2-1
in the axils of the leaves; pedicels densely mealy-glandular, up to
2 lin. long; calyx 3 lin. long; segments lanceolate, subequal ;
corolla white (Meerburg) ; tube subcylindric, more or less asymme-
trically widened at the base, 2-21 in. long, 1; lin. wide at the
middle, 3 lin. wide near the base, not glandular; limb 1i-]} in. in
diam. ; lobes about 5 lin. long and broad excepting the lowermost
which | is somewhat longer ; fruit oblong, 2 in, long, including the
beak with 1 recurved short spine on each side of the base. DC,
Predr, ix. 257 ; Harvey, Thes. Cap. ii. 12, t. 118; Engl. Jahrb. se
255. Martynia lungiflora, Royen in Linn. Syst. ed. xii. "a :
Meerb. Afbeeld. t. vii. Pedalium longiflorum, Decne. in Ann. Se.
Nat. 5me sér. iii. 331.
Wesvrern Reeron: Namaqualand; without precise locality, Wylie, 83!
Also in Damaraland.
Vv. SESAMUM, Linn.
i i -parti ually suboblique.
C all or middle-sized, 5-partite, usuall;
Corotie obliquely samghaatale’ limb more or less oblique, obscurely
460 PEDALINEX (Stapf). [Sesamum.
2-labiate ; lowest lobe usually distinctly longer than the others.
Stamens subdidynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not
conniving ; filaments slender, filiform; anthers dorsifixed; cells
parallel, dehiseing longitudinally to the base. Dvzsc annular, equal.
Ovary 2-celled; cells divided by a spurious septum almost to the
apex ; ovules numerous, l-seriate in each division. Capsule oblong,
slightly compressed at right angles to the septum, loculicidal towards
the base, more or less beaked, without any lateral appendage at the
apex. Seeds numerous, compressed, obovate.
Annual or perennial, erect or procumbent herbs; leaves membranous, some-
times rather firm, petioled or the upper sessile, polymorphic; flowers solitary
in the axils of the leaves on mostly very short pedicels, pale pink to deep
purple.
Distris. Species about 18, distributed throughout Africa and the Mascarene
Isles, extending to the south of Hurope and through the Orient to India, China,
and Japan.
Section 1. Srsamorypus. Plants distinctly (though sometimes sparingly)
pubescent or long-hairy to villous. Leaves undivided, rarely the lower 3-foliolate
or 3-partite. Seeds with more or less acute margins, rarely with a narrow
membranous rim (8. antirrhinoides) ; faces rugose or smooth.
Only South African species .., ise eee ... (1) S. indicum.
Section 2. SksamMopreris. Plants glabrous (apart from the mucilage
glands) or with few microscopic adpressed hairs on the youngest parts. Leaves
(at least the lower and intermediate) 7-3-foliolate or 7-3-partite. Seeds broadly
winged, faces muriculate-foveolate,
Only South African species ... aye ... (2) 8. capense,
1. §. indicum (Linn. Spec. Pl. ed. i. 634) ; stems erect, simple or
branched, from a few to 6 ft. high, very sparingly and finely pubes-
cent and more or less mealy-glandular, at length glabrescent, obtusely
quadrangular, sulcate ; leaves very variable, usually heteromorphic ;
lowest long-petioled (petiole 4-6 in. long), 3-partite or 3-foliolate ;
segments or leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, deeply dentate,
3-6 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, upper with much shorter petioles,
lanceolate, acute, attenuated at the base, 2—4 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad,
entire or rarely repand, passing into the similar leafy braets, inter-
mediate leaves also intermediate in shape and size, all the leaves
very sparingly and minutely pubescent, more or less mealy-glandular
below ; pedicels at length 2 lin. long, 2-bracteolate or subebracteo-
late at the base ; nectaries sessile ; calyx 21 lin, long, finely pubes-
cent ; segments lanceolate, acute; eorolla about 1 in. long, obliquely
campanulate, whitish, tinged with pink or purple; eapsule 2-1 in.
long, 3-4 lin. broad, usually finely pubescent, rather abruptly con-—
tracted into a short deltoid beak ; seeds pale brown or dark, 1} lin.
long, faces smooth. Bot. Mag. t. 1688; Endl. Iconogr. t. 70; —
Bernh. in Linnea xvi. 37, 42; DC. Prodr. ix. 250 and Pl. Rar.
Genev. 18, t. v.; Wight, Illustr. t. 163; A. Rich. Tent, Fl. Abyss.
ii. 62 ; Welw. Apont. 551; Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix. 131;
Benth. § Trim. Med. Pl. t. 198; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 237; Hook.f. —
Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 387; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. B, 156, 486, fig. 215
Sesamum. | PEDALINER: (Stapf). 461
Watt, Dict. Econ. Prod. Ind. vi. ii. 502-542 ; Stapf in Engl. &
Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. 3B, 262, fig. 100, A-L; Kéhler, Med. PA. iii. ;
De Wild. & Dur. Pl. Thonner. Cong. 36, and Pl, Gilleb. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. 2me sér. i. 39. S. orientale, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 634;
Lam. Ilustr. iii. 82, t. 528 3 Gertn, Fruct. t.110; Endl. in Linnea,
vii. 30; Cham. in Linnea, vii. 723; Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 37, 42;
Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 797. Sv edule, Hort. ex Steud.
Nom. ed. i. 769. S. oleiferum, Moench, Meth. Suppl. 174. S.
brasiliense, Vell. Fl. Flum. 264, vi. t. 90. Anthadenia sesamoides,
Van Houtte in Hort. Van Houtt. fase. i. 4, and in Fl. Ser. ii. Avril,
t. 6. Volkameria orientalis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii, 481. V.
sesamodes, O. Kuntze, l.c. 482.
Eastern Reaton: Natal; Sinkwazi, Wood! and without precise locality,
Gerrard, 586!
According to Medley Wood, the natives grow it for the seeds which they use
for eating with boiled maize and extracting oil.
2. S. capense (Burm. fil. F]. Cap. Prod. 17) ; stem erect, simple or
branched, 3—6 ft. high, slender or stout, angular and sulcate or sub-
terete, more or less mealy-glandular in the upper part, otherwise
glabrous; leaves digitately 5~3-foliolate ; leaflets obovate-oblong to
linear or lanceolate, subobtuse or obtuse, entire, narrowed at the base
into a petiolule, or the outer sessile or fusing below, the intermediate
the longest, 1-23 in. long, 1-9 lin. broad, rarely more or less mealy-
glandular on both sides, glaucous above; petioles 3-1 in. long,
subebracteolate ; nectaries sessile ; calyx 2} lin. long, more or less
pubescent ; segments lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla violet outside,
violet-purple inside, pubescent, obliquely campanulate ; tube up to
1 in. long, very slightly curved at the base; lobes about } in. long,
subequal ; capsule 11-18 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad, sparingly pubes-
cent, each valve strongly 3-nerved and produced at the base into
2 rounded or obscurely 3-lobed knobs or short horns, beak about
5 lin. long, subulate-acuminate from a triangular base ; seeds 4 lin.
long including the wing which rans all round, faces muriculate-
foveolate. S. pentaphyllum, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pjlanzengeogr.
Documente, 50,54; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 800; Baum,
Kunene-Samb. Exped. 871. S. triphyllum, Welw. ex Asch. in Verh.
Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxx. 185, 259; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.
‘i. 799. Sesamopteris pentaphylla, DC. Prodr. ix. 251. SS, lepi-
dotum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 459. Volkameria triphylla,
O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 482.
i !
Centrat ReGIon: Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Bowker, 112! 142!
Colesberg Div.; near the Orange River, Knobel, 5! near Colesberg, 4500 ft.,
Drége! Aliwal North Div.; at the union of Stormberg Spruit and Orange
River, Drage. Albert Div., Cooper, 1386! Cradock Diy.; near Cradock,
Cooper, 1347! Richmond Div.; vicinity of Sty! Kloof, near Richmond,
Drége! : :
Ee Reaion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; St. Clair, near
462 : PEDALINES (Stapf). [Sesamum.
: Douglas, Orpen, 231! at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1959! Orange River Colony ;
Vet River, Burke! Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1202! near the Elands
River, Rehmann, 4981! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1070!
Distribution as for the genus,
VI. CERATOTHECA, Endl.
Calyz small or middle-sized, 5-partite, suboblique. Corolla
obliquely subcampanulate; limb very oblique, porrect, obscurely
2-labiate ; lowest lobe by far the longest. Stamens subdidynamous,
inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not conniving ; filaments
slender, filiform; anthers dorsifixed, ‘cells parallel, dehiscing longi-
tudinally to the base. Dise annular, equal. Ovary 2-celled; cells
almost divided to the apex by a spurious septum; ovules numerous,
l-seriate in each division. Capsule oblong, compressed at right
angles to the septum, loculicidal more or less towards the base, each
carpel produced into a short spreading horn at the apex. Seeds
numerous, compressed, obovate.
Annual, erect or procumbent herbs; leaves membranous, petioled, dentate
or crenate ; flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves on short pedicels, rose, lilac
or yellow.
DistriB. Species 5, natives of Tropical and South Africa.
1. GC. triloba (E. Meyer ex Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 29); stems
erect, up to 6 ft. high, simple or branched, obtusely quadrangular,
pubescent to villous ; leaves polymorphic, lower long petioled, from
broadly ovate-cordate or almost rounded to broadly triangular and
3-lobed with the lateral lobes spreading, 11-6 in. long and broad,
coarsely crenate, more or less pubescent to subvillous, particularly
below, upper leaves narrower, shortly petioled, passing into the
ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, sparingly crenate or entire bracts e
lower petioles 2-5 in. long; flowers opposite in a long loose raceme —
up to 1 ft. long; pedicels very short ; calyx 3-6 lin. long, densely —
hairy ; segments lanceolate ; corolla lilac with purple streaks in the
throat and on the lowest lobe, 2-3 in. long ; lowest lobe ovate,
2-3 lin. long; capsule 8-11 lin. long, 21 lin. broad, loosely pubes-
cent to subvillous; horns about 23 lin. long, much eompressed at
the broad base ; seeds slightly over 1 lin. long, margins smooth, —
faces wrinkled. Bot. Mag. t. 6974. O. lamiifolia, Engl. Jahrb.
xix. 156. Sporledera triloba, Bernh. l.c. 42; DC. Prodr. ix. 2523
Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 492, fig. 99. S. krausseana, Bernh. l.c.;
DC. lc. 253. Sesamum lamtifolium, Engl. Jahrb. x. 256.
Katanart Ree@ron: Bechuanaland; between Mafeking and Ramoutsa,
Lugard! Clue Vley, Burchell, 2389! Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, ©
1071! Atherstone! near Barberton, Galpin, 798! Wonderboom Poort, near
Pretoria, Rehmann, 4521! ;
Eastern Region: Pondoland; between Umtata River and St. Johns River,
Drége! Natal; near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 179! near Durban, Wood,
250! and in MacOwan §& Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1018! Plant, 4! 14! Inanda, —
Ceratotheca.] PEDALINE® (Stapf). 463
Wood, 140! between Durban and Attercliffe, Sanderson, 328! Klip Ri
Gerrard, 722! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1187 ! 1248 | eben
Also in Tropical Africa.
VII. PRETREA, J. Gay.
Calyx small, 5-partite; segments lanceolate. Corolla obliquely
campanulate ; limb oblique, porrect, subbilabiate ; lowest lobe by
far the longest. Stamens didynamous, inserted low down in the
corolla-tube, not conniving; filaments slender, filiform ; anthers
dorsifixed ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc annular,
equal. Ovary 2-celled; cells completely divided by a spurious
septum ; ovules 2 in each division. /ruit indehiscent, very hard,
disc-shaped with 2 conical spines from near the centre; mesocarp
ultimately with 2-4 large cavities. Seeds 2 in each division ; testa
delicate.
Perennial, trailing herbs; leaves deeply sinuate-dentate to laciniate ; flowers
rose-coloured to crimson, solitary in the axils of the leaves, nodding on long
slender pedicels.
1. P. zanguebarica (J. Gay in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ire sér. i. 457);
stems branched, trailing, up to 6 ft. long, more or less hairy ;
leaves broad ovate to elliptic or oblong in outline, deeply sinuate-
dentate or laciniate, 1—1 in. long, 2—% in. broad, more or less pubes-.
cent, densely mealy-glandular and white below; petiole 2-3 lin.
long ; pedicels 1-2 in. long; calyx 2-3 lin. long, pubescent and
mealy-glandular ; corolla 1-1} in. long; lowest lobe 2—4 lin. broad ;
fruit 2-* in. indiam. DC. Prodr. ix. 256; Deene. in Ann. Sc. Nat.
5me sér. iii. 333; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 188 ;
Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 365; Stapf mm Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.
264, fig. 97, A—B, 98, K; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 372;
Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 801. P. bojeriana, Decne. in
Duch. Rev. Bot. i. 517. P. Forbesii and P. ertocarpa, Decne. in
Ann. Se. Nat. 5me sér. iii. 334. BP. loasefolia, Klotzsch, l.c. 188;
Deene. in Ann. Se. Nat. 5me sér. iii, 334. P. artemisiafolia,
Klotzsch, lc. 189, ¢t. 31. P. senecioides, Klotzsch, l.c. 189, t. 32;
Martynia zanguebarica, Lour. Fl. Coch. 386, Dicerocaryum
sinuatum, Bojer in Ann. Se. Nat. 2me sér. iv. 269, ¢. 10.
KALAHARI REGION: Bechuanaland ; between Mafeking and Ramoutsa,
Lugard ! Transvaal ; Diamond fields, Tuck! Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher,
1204! Sandfontein, Holub! between Elands River and Klippan, Rehmann,
5072! Hogge Veld, at Donkers Hoek, Rehmann, 6543! Houtbosch, Rehmann,
5938! Kaap Flats, near Barberton, Golpin. 739! Thorneroft, 130 (Herb,
Wood, 4159)! and without precise locality, MacLea in Herb. Bolus, 3105!
Sa !
ear ReGIon: Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Monteiro, 10! Bolus, Herb. Norm.,
1836! Scott! Speke!
Also in Tropical Africa.
INDEX.
[SYNONYMS ARE PRINTED IN italics. ]
~ Page
Acokanthera
lycioides, G. Don . 117
_ Alectra
capensis, Thunb. . 373
dentata, O. Ktze. . 375
indica, Benth. . . 875
lurida, Harv.. . . 376
major, B. Meyer. . 373
melampyroides,
Bath: 20% 3... 875
minor, K. Meyer . 373
orobanchoides, Benth. 377
parasitica, A. Rich. . 377
pumila, Benth. . . 377
_-sessiliflora, O. Ktze. 375
_ Atonsoa, Ruiz & Pav. 138
_-peduncualaris,
< V. Wettst, 16:46 190
petiolaris, V.Wettst. 188
unilabiata, Steud. . 154
<= Alsines seu Spergule
- Anagallis
capensis, Linn. .
capensis Chamzdryos,
ete, Ray . 20. A668
purp. Burse Pastoris,
Pativ. 2...
_ ANASTRABE, E. Meyer 217
-- Integerrima, E.
Meyer 4. so we B18
var. serrulata,
Haern B18
Ancuusa, Linn. . . 16
africana, Burm.f. . 17
capensis, Thunb. . 17
Dregeit, ADC. . . 17
officinalis, Phonb.) 2.47
riparia, DC. . . 17
sp., Drége. {+ 17
— Andrewsia (
_ _ salicifolia, Hort. . 215
— Aniseia :
calycina, Choisy . 62
VOL. IV,—SECT. IL
\
\
species, J. Burm.. 167
. 148
serrulata, E. Meyer. 218
Page
Aniseia (con.)
calystegioides, Choisy 56
Anthadenia
sesamoides, Van
Houtte .2 «22 3 461
AnticHaris, Endl. . 1386
scoparia, Hiern. . 136
ANTIRRAINUM, Tournef.205
aphyllum, Linn. f, . 430
barbatum, Thunb. . 178
bicorne, Linn. . «. 187
capense, Burm. f. 187
capense, Thunb. . 194
commune, Lam. . 204
fruticans, Thunb. . 194
levigatum, Sol. . . 154
Linaria, Linn. . . 204
longicorne, Thunb. . 152
macrocarpon, Vahl . 196
macrocarpum, Ait. . 196
Orontium, Linn.. . 205
patens, Thunb. - 200
191
pinnatum, Linn. f. .
Herb.
seabridum,
Banks... +. + 196
scabrum, Thunb. . 196
spurium, Linn. . . 204
strumosum, Herb.
Banks. . . 173
unilabiatum, Linn. f. 154
APTOSIMUM, Burch.
abietinum, Burch. .
var. elongata,
Benth. e ‘
albomarginatum,
Marl. § Engl. .
depressum, Bureh. ‘
eriocephalum, E.
Meyer ...-s
indiyieing Bureh. .
lineare, Marl. §
Engh eau. =
Marlothii, Hiern. .
nanum, Engl... -. -
scaberrimum,Schinz
Page
APTOSIMUM (con.)
sp., Burch. 126, 127, 128
Steingrooveri, Lngl, 127
tragacanthoides, LZ.
Meyer. <. wich « tee
viscosum, Benth. . 129
AsTROCHL#|NA, Hall. f. 68
malvacea, Hall. f. . 69
Atropa
physaloides, Linn. . 109
solanacea, Linn. . . QL
Aulaya
capensis, Drége . . 413
capensis, Harv. ...-408
coccinea, Harv. . . 409
grandiflora, Benth. . 403
hyobanchoides,Harv. 414
pauctflora, Benth. . 408
purpurea, Benth. . 403
squamosa, Harv.. . 413
Bacopa
Monniera, Wettst. . 350
Bartschia
Trizago, O. Ktze.
Bartsia
capensis, Spreng.
scabra, Spreng. .
Trizago, Linn, .
Batatas
. 420
. 420
. 875
420
acetosefolia, Choisy. 52
incurva, Benth. . . 52
littoralis, Choisy . 52
paniculata, Choisy . 65
Betiarpia, All. . . 419
Trixago, All.. . . 419
Bignonia Lee
capensis, Thunb. . 449
BIGNONIACEA . . 47
Bonnaya
brachycarpa, Ch. &
Bont i a BA
Bopusia, Presl . . . 388
scabra, Pres]. . . 389
subintegra, Hiern . 390
Hh
466
Page
BORAGINE . oe
Bovrago
africana, Linn. . . 12
verrucosa, Forsk. . 12
Borckhausenia
lucida, Roth. . . 211
Borraginoides
aculeata, Moench . 12
Bowskerta, Harv. . . 218
calceolavioides, Diels 221
gerrardiana, Harr. . 220
simpliciflora, Mac-
POOR ee NG
triphylla, Hary.. . 220
var. pubescens,
OL Ribas) oe 28h
var. pubescens, O.
Mtae tps 5 BIO
var. subglabra, 0.
io. es OF
triphylla, Sond. . . 219
velutina, Harv. . . 219
Breweria, R. Br.. . 79
baccharoides, Baker. 80
capensis, Baker . . 80
var. minor, Rendle 80
var. oligotricha,
Baker ge. 2408 3580
var. parviflora,
conylomerata, Baker 81
malvacea, Klotzsch. 69
sessiliflora, Baker . 80
suffruticosa, Schinz. 80
- Bucunera, Linn. . . 391
wthiopiea, Linn.. . 269
africana, Linn. . . 420
asiatica, Linn. . . 383
aurantiaca, Borch. , 292
aurea, Herb. Banks. 327
bilabiata, Thunb. , 381
brevibractealis, Hiern 392
capensis, Linn, . . 323
capitata, Burm.f. . 394
coccinea, Benth. . . 383
divaricata, Herb.
Linn, 22:65 a 940 16
dura, Benth. . . . 391
elegans, D. Dietr. . 382
erinoides, Jarosz ., 394
ethiopica, Burch. , 269
fetida, Andr.. . , 275
Forbesii, D. Dietr. , 384
gesnertoides, Willd. . 380
glabrata, Benth.. . 393
oppositifolia, Hort. . 273
orobanchoides, R. Br, 380
pedunculata, Andr, . 308
reducta, Hiern . , 394
Thunbergii, D. Dietr, 381
INDEX.
Page
BUCHNERA (con.)
piscosa, Ait... . 256
Buddea
virgata, Benth.. . 257
Buddleja
virgata, Linn. . . 257
Budleia
glaberrima, Loisel.-
Deslongsch. . . 215
Buechnera
dura; O. Ktze. . . 392
Burronia, McKen .. 884
natalensis, MeKen . 385)
Calydermos
erosus, Ruiz & Pav. . 109
Campanula
africana, ete., D.
Sherard.. . . . 346
Camptoloma. . . . 279
Campuleia
coccinea, Hook. . . 383
Capraria
gratioloides, Linn. . 364
lanceolata, Linn. f. . 214
lucida, Ait... . . 211
rigida,''thunb. . 5, 215
salicifolia, Hort. . 215
Sp., Bureli’ © 323750185
undulata, Linn. f. . 216
Carissa
Arduina, Lam. . . 109
Cassytha
sp., Drege... 32: 86
Catopuractes, D. Don 433
Alexandri, D. Don . 453
kolbeana, Harv. . . 453
Welwitschi, Seem. . 453
CERATOTHECA, Endl. . 462
lamiifolia, Engl. , 462
triloba, E. Meyer . 462
Cestrwm
aurantiacum, F.
Mayer (23.455): 15
lycioides, Lichtenst. 117
henostoma
ethiopicum, Berth. . 269
affine, Bernh.. . . 261
annuum, Schlechter 264
var. lazum,
Schlechter . . 264
aspalathoides,Wettst. 808
breviflorum, Diels . 264
burkeanum,Wettst. . 299
calycinum, Benth. . 254
var.. laxiflora,
Benth.. . 254, 260
campanulatum, Benth.253
, canescens, Wettst. . 303
Page
Chenostoma (con.)
cordatum, Benth. ,. 280
var. hirsutior,
Benth. . . < 280
croceum, Wettst. . 306
cuneatum, Benth. . 273
cuneatum, Wettst. . 308
denudatum, Benth. . 262
divaricatum, Diels . 281
fastigiatum, Benth. . 268
var. glabratwm,
Benth... . «aus
floribundum, Benth. 278
fetidum, Benth.. . 278
glabratum, Benth. . 271
gracile, Diels. . . 284
halimifolium, Benth. 257
hispidum, Benth. . 273
integrifolium, Benth. 269
var. parvifolium,
Benth.: 4 «3+ 370
kraussianum, Bernh, 301
laviflorum, Benth. . 259
linifolium, Benth. . 272
var. hispida, Krauss 272
littorale, Wettst. . 291
macrosiphon,
Schlechter . . 286
marifolium, Benth. . 270
micranthum, Engl. . 263
microphyllum, Wettst. 310
molle, Wettst. . - 296
montanum, Diels . 268
natalense, Bernh. . 310
neglectum, Wood & _
Evans . ? A ‘ oo
ucijlorum, Benth. .
a hase Benth.267
phlogiflorwm, Wettst. 209
pinnatifidum, Wettst. 297
polyanthum, Benth. 26)
procumbens, Benth. . 259
pumilum, Benth. . 257
vacemosum, Benth. . 277
racemosum, Wettst. 284
revolutum, Benth. . 27
rotundifolium, Benth. 250
sessilifolium,. nee . 292
stenopetalum, Diels . 2
pe N. E. Br. 259
subspicatum, Benth. 287
c
riste, Wettst. - + 289
his montana,Diels 289
violaceum,Schlechter 286
woodianum, Diels - 26+
HARADROPHILA, Marl. oe
capensis, Marl. - 37
Cheiranthus |
ajricana, \jl. uty
Comm, ] : 241
/
Chaenostoma pt
calycinum, Drige
258, 254
campanulatum, Drége 253 |
denudatum, Drége . 262 |
fastigiatum, Drége . 268 |
floribundum, Drége . 278
fetidum, Drége . . 275
glabratum, Drége . 271
halimifolium, Drage 257 |
hispidum, Drége . 278
integrifolium, Drige 269
lawxijlorum, Drége . 259
linifolium, Drege . 272
marifolium, Drége . 270
pauciflorum, Drage
251, 280
pedunculosum, Drége 267
procumbens, Drige . 255
punilum, Drdge. . 257
racemosun, Drege . 277
revolutum, Drége . 271
subspicatum, Drége. 287
Copon, Linn. . . 1
aculeatum, Gertn. . 2
Dregei, ER. Meyer 2
luteum, Marloth . 2
Royeni, Linn. . 2
Schenckii, Schinz 2
Coxnpras, E. Meyer . 168
mollis, H. Meyer . 168
Columnea
\ henckelioides,Spreng, 445
CONVOLVULACEA. 45
Convotyutus, Linn. . 70
albivenius, Lindl. 59
‘alceifolius, Drége . 78
alceifolius, Lam. 78
altheoides, Thunb. . 78
angustifolius, Des-
roe ck a eS
arvensis, Lini. . 75
bicolor, Vahl . 68
boedeckerianus,Peter 76
trasilianus, Linn, . 53
bullerianus, Rendle. 77
Burmanni, Choisy . 71
caivicus, Linn. . . 67
calycinus, E. Meyer 77
calycinus, Roxb.. - 62
capensis, Burm.f. . 78
yar. natalensis,
haw TS
var. plicata, Baker 78
capitatus, Desrouss. 69
evpticus, Linp. . - 67
cordifolius, Thuab.. 74
evispus, Thunb. . 58
denticulatus, Spreng. “8
dregeaAus, Choisy -
‘ j
INDEX.
CoNVOLVULUS (con.)
Falckia, Thunb. 81
Falkia, Hall. f. . 78
Falkia, Jacq. 78
farinosus, Linn. 74
filiformis, Thunb. . 55
filiformis, Thunb. 73
Galpinii, C. H. Wright 75
gossypinus, Wall. 64
hastatus, Thunb. 72
var. major, Hall.f. 72
var. multifidus,
Oholey: <u. 26, 18
var. natalensis,
Bakét wits 2
hirtellus, Hall. f. . 75
inconspicuus,Hall.f. 71
involucratus, Ker-
Ga@icisi¢ ci ecae 68
liniformis, Rendle . 71
littoralis, Linn. . . 52
malvaceus, Oliv. . 69
mucronatus, Engl. 80
multifidus, Hall. f. . 76
multifidus, Thunb. . 76
natalensis, Bernh. . 77
var. angustifolia,
C. A. Wright q7
var. integrifolia,
C. H. Wright . 77
ocellatus, Hook.. . 71
Cnothere, Vatke . 49
enotheroides, Linn.f. 50
ornatus, Engl. . . -
paniculatus, Linn. .«
Pes-caprex, Linn.
phyllosepalus,Hall.f. 75
plantagineus, Choisy 48
plicatus, Desrouss.. 78
purpureus, Linn, 59
var. elatior. + 59
var. varius . 59
yadicans, Thunb, 52
rhynchophyllus, Baker 73
sagittatus, Thunb. . 72
var. graminifolia,
ant a. Te
var. latifolius, C.
H. Wright ie
var. linearifolia,
Hall. Pe . . 72
simplew, Spreng. . 48
solanifolia, Thunb. . 67
sp., Droge. . + » t
stoloniferus, Cyr. 52
Thunbergit
var. Drege. . - 71
trilobus, Thunb. . 64
nlosepalus, Hall. f.. 73
Wightii, Wall. . . 641
Hh 2
467
& Feeee feane gang
Page
Corp, Linn. . a
caffra, Sond. . . . 4
var. erosa, Sond.. 4
var. natalensis,
Sends 2-5 66654
var.Zeyheri,Sond, 4
erosa,Sond.... 4
natalensis, Sond. . 4
Zeyhert, Sond. . . 4
CRATEROSTIGMA,
Hochst... 323 3 380
nanum, Engl, . 360
var. elatior, Oliv. . 362
plantagineum, Hochst. 361
Wilmsii, Engl. . . 361
Crescentia
pinnata, Jacq. . . 434
Cuscuta, Linn. 588
africana, Choisy. . 84
africana, Thunb. . 85
var. a, Drége . 85
yar.capensis,Baker 8
americana, Thunb. .
argulata, Engelm.
appendiculata,
Engelm.. . 2's
Burmanni, Choisy .
capensis, Choisy.
cassytoides, Nees .
Gerrardii, Baker .
Medicaginis, C. H.
Wright 2 3. 42 -
natalensis, Baker .
nitida, E. Meyer .
gp, Drege wes
Cyconium, E. Meyer .-
adoense, Benth. &
Hook.f... 7.8
adonense, EH, Meyer 395
Huttoniw, Hiern . -
kraussianum, Benth. 397 |
longiflorum, Eckl. &
Zeyh. ea es a
racemosum, Benth. 396 —
Sandersoni, Harv. . 397
sp.,T. Thoms. . . 396
tubatum, Benth.. . 415
tubulosum, Engl.
Cymbalaria ,
spuria, Geertn. .
Crnoatossum, Linn. .
echinatum, Thunb.
enerve, Turcz. .
hirsutum, Thunb.
hispidum, Thunb.
lanceolatum, Lehm. .
var. hirsutum, DC.
leptostachyam, DC.
micranthum, Desf. .
muricatum, Thunb, .
468
Page
Cytisus
dioicus, Juss... . . 417
Danubiunculus
acaulis, Sailer . . 357
DATURA, Linn... 4.5 118
Stramonium, Linn. . 128
DERMATOBOTRYS, Bolus 206
Saundersii, Bolus . 206
Dicerocaryum
sinuatum, Bojer. . 463
Dicuis, Benth. . . . 200
reptans, Benth. . . 200
var. serratoden-
. tata, O. Ktze. . 201
var. subedentata,
O. Kine). ox 201
reptans, Benth. . . 125
petiolaris, Benth. . 201
stellarioides, Hiern . 202
umbonata, Hiern ; 202
Diascra, Link & Otto. 139
Aliciw, Hiern . . 155
alonsooides, Benth. 157
_ @lonzoides, Drége . 157
_ Barberze, Hook. f. . 156
bergiana, Benth. . 151
bergiana, Link J
ONO ae chi,
bergiana, Pl. Exs.
WOK) wot soity
Burchellii, Benth. . 154
capsularis, Benth. .
var. — flagellaris,
FOTN spy
cardiosepala, Hiern
cordata, N. EF. Br. ,
Cuneata, H. Meyer .
denticulata, Benth. .
dielsiana, Schlechter
diffusa, Benth. . . 146
dissecta, Hiern ,
elegans, Hiern .
- elongata, Benth, .
Engleri, Diels.
expolita, Hiern ,
Flanagani, Hiern .
gracilis, Schlechter ,
heterandra, Benth, .
integerrima, E,
Bheyer:. oases,
integrifolia, Spreng.
acowani, Hiern ., 162
macrophylla, Spreng.
minutiflora, Hiern ,
moltenensis, Hiern .
monasca, Hiern . .
montana, Spreng. . 165
namaquensis, Hiern 144
nana, Diels . 144
149
. .
INDEX.
DIAsciA (con.)
nemophiloides,
Benthe 125% 2-66
nutans, Diels. .
pachyceras, EL, Meyer
parviflora, Benth.
Pentheri, Schlechter
purpurea, N. E. Br.
racemulosa, Benth. .
ramosa, Scott-Elliot
ramulosa, EH. Meyer
rigescens, EH. Meyer.
var. angustifolia,
Bonthc:7) ies
sub-var. calva,
Benths!. cist
var. bractescens,
ROY N sero
var. montana, Diels
rotundifolia, Hiern .
Rudolphi, Hiern. .
runcinata, FE, Meyer
sacculata, Benth. .
Scullyi, Hiern . .
stachyoides,
Schlechter . . .
tanyceras, E. Meyer
thunbergiana,Spreng.
Tysoni, Hiern . .
unilabiata, Benth.
veronicoides,
Schlechter .
| Dichonpra, Forst. .
repens, Forst. . .
repens, Hall,f. . ,
Didymocarpus
Rewii, Bowie. . .
Ducondrza
Sp., Bur. ee 2
Dyschoriste
depressa, Nees . .
EcHINOSPERMUM,
Capense, DC. . .
var. elatius, DC. .
var. suffrutescens,
DC
- 16
cynoglossoides, Lehm. 16
cynoglossoides,
Meyer . .
_ enerve, EH. Meyer
Lappula, Lehm. .
var. squarrosa,
LORM. gust.
paniculatum,B.Meye
squarroswm, Reichb.
Ecnivum, Linon, .
africanum, Pers.
alopecuroideum, DC.
E.
angustifoliwm,Thunb.
. 14, 16
13
15
15
r 14
15
43
31
39
29
Page
Ecutum (con.)
argentewm, Roth 34
var. 8, Lehm. . 34
argenteum, Thunb. . 30
var. a, Lehm. . . 30
bergianum, Drége 42
bergianum, E. Meyer 31
canaliculatum, EH. ©
Meyer ... . s @8
capitatum, Linn, . 387
var. a, Lam. §< 4 a7
var. 8, Lam. . . 37
caudatum, Thunb. . 40
ecklonianum, DC. 40
eriostachyum, DC. . 41
falecatum, Lam. . . 28
ferocissimum, Andr. 34
ferow, Pers. . « . 84
formosum, Pers. . 44 —
fruticosum, Berg. . 31
var. a, Lehm.. . 31
var. 8, Lehm.. . 31
fruticosum, Jacq. . 30
fruticosum, Linn. . 31
glabrum, Thunb. . 27
glabrum, Vahl . . 28
glaucophyllum, Pers. 27
grandiflorum, Andr. 44
hispidum, Burm. f.. 87
hispidwm, Thunb. . 42
incanum, Thunb. . 41
levigatum, Lam, . 27
levigatum, Linn. . 28
lasiophyllum, Link 43—
latifolium, DC. . . 40
longiflorum, Dum.- :
Cou cs ee
longifolium, Hort. . 43
lucidum, Lehm. . . 48
montanum, DC. . . 3l
paniculatum, Drége
paniculatum,H. Meyer
paniculatum, Thunb.
var., Thunb. . -
papillosum, Thunb. .
plantagineum, Linn.
regulariflorum, Ker .
rosmarinifolium, Vahl
scabrum, Lehm. . -
scabrum, Thunb, . 9
spathilatens A Meese
. Dré e > "2 >
Ee ge ae
spherocephalum, Vahl 37
spicatum, Burm. f. .-
spicatum, Linn. f. 41
splendens, DC. .«. -
sprengelianum, DC. -
strigosum, Eckl.-. -
strigosum, Sw. \. +
’
\
\
)
40
43
38
32
INDEX. 469
Page ‘
EcuHIvM (con.) i -Fauxia, Linn. . nas Glossostylis fer
Swartzii, Drage . . 28| abyssinica, Engl.. . 82] avensis, Benth. . . 375
‘ var. b, Drége . . 27| dichondroides, Baker 82| capensis, Benth.. . 375
wwortatt, Lehm. . . 29) diffusa, Hall. f. . 82, 83| parasitica, Hochst. . 377
trichotomum, Drége. 29| oblonga, Bernh.,. . 82 | GLUMICALYX, Hiern . 369
trichotomum, Thunb, 38 var. minor, CO. H. montan tern
trigonum, Thunb. . 32 Wright . . . 82 enn ee
Vahlii, Roem. & oblonga, Hall. f.. . 82| scoparioides, Turez. 125
Sohize is: 28| repens, Linn. f.. . 81| Graderia
verrucosum, Drége . 34 var. diffusa,Chnisy 82} scabra, Benth. . . 390
verrucosum, Sw. oiler ao var. villosa, Baker 82 var. subintegra,
violaceum, Linn. . 44| villosa, Hall.f. . . 82 Bolus & Mac-
viridi-argenteum, DC. 42 | Freyiinia, Spin. . . 214 Owan. . . . 390
Eurevia, Linn. . . 4| cestroides, Colla. . 215| subintegra, Mast. . 390
amoena, Klotasch . 5| densiflora, Benth. . 216 Gratiola
hottentotica, Burch. 5| lanceolata, G. Don . 215 dubia, Linn. . . . 364
zeyheriana, Buek . 5| longifora, Benth. .216| Monnieria, Linn. - 355
Elatinoides oppositifolia, Spin . 214 Grumilia
spurte, Wettst. . . 205 var. latifolia, sp., Drege. - + + 5
Erinus | Hiern. . . . 215
ethiopicus, Thunb. . 338 var. pubescens, Hematobanche
africanus, Linn. . . 345 Hiern. «+ » 215| sanguinea, Presl. . 418
africanus, Thunb, . 343| vrigida,G.Don . 5, 215 | HALLeria, Linn. 6.35807 |
capensis, Houtt. .298| undulata, Benth. .215| elliptica, Thuwb. . 209
capensis, Linn. . . 338 var. carinata, lucida, Linn. . . ~ 20%
fragrans, Ait. . 290, 337 Benth: ©... 216 var. 6, Linn. . . 209
var. B, Rites! 3289 var. densiflora, var. crispa, Drége 208 —
gracilis, Lehm. . . 337 Hiern . « . - 216| ovata, Benth.. . -
éncisus, Thunb. . . 304 var. longiflora, Hallia
lychnidea, Lam. . . 337 Hiern. . . .216| elliptica, Drége.. - 209,
lychnideus, Linn. f.. 338 yar. macrophylla, Harpacoraytum, DC. 457—
lychnideus, Thunb. . 290 iL? Se gear Burchellii, Decne. . 458 ©
maritimus, Linn. f. 336 var, _ planifolia, pinnatifidum, Engl. 457
patens, Thunb. . . 274 Drege . . . - 216 procumbens, DC. . 458 —
pulchellus, Jarosz. 853 var. pubescons, Zeyheri, Decne. . - 458 —
selaginoides, Thunb. 345 Benth. . . . 216|HaRrveya, Hook. . - 400
var. villosa, Drage 216| Bodkini, Hiern . - 410
simplex, Thunb. . . 393
sp., Burch. - - + 226, | Friedrichsthalia
275, 290, 327| physaloides, Fenzl - 11| capensis, Hook. . - 40:
tomentcsus, Thunb. . 283 capensis, Wertst. . 404
tristis, Linn.f. . . 289| Genzisea, A. St. Hil. 436| cathcartensis, 0. ay :
Fee 4. a
umbellatus, Burm, f. 323| africana, Oliv. 5 GB Ktze. .
. 437| coccinea, Schlechter 409 —
Bolusii, O. Kuntze . 407
villosus, Thunb. . . 345 hispidula, Stapf .
viscosus, Salish. . . 256 Gerdaria euryantba,Schlechter 405
Euphrasia dregeana, Presl . . 386 hirtiflora, Schlechter 407 _
athiopica, ete., Ray . 345 Gerardia Huttoni, Hiern . . 410
afinis africana, Ray - 290! dregeana, Benth. . 386| hyobanchoides, &
Schlechter . . . 414
Nigrina, Linn. f. 372
orobanchoides, Lam. . 403 laxiflora, Hiern . . 404
affinis, etc., Ray. . 345 ‘
scabra, Linn. f. . " 389| parviflora, Steud. . 377
africana, fol. ten.,
"|-<wyonvuLus, Linn.. . 79 sessiliflora, Vahl. ~- 375 pauciflora, Hiern . 403
-alsinoides, Linn. . 79 Sopubdia, Benth. . 388 | pumila, Schlechter . 411
yar. glabra, Baker 79 = 8p.» O. Ktze. . . + 379 parpnrea, Harv. . 402
© var.linifolia, Baker 79 tubulosa, Linn. f. . 399 Randii, Hiern « - 411
St pensis, B. Meyer . 80|GeraRpuNna, Engl. . 378| scarlatina, Hook. . 412
1 te nifolius, Linn... 79 | angolensis, Engl. - 378| squamosa, Steud. . 4)3
WAC ralensis, Sond. - 79) GESNERACEZ . .- 437 | speciosa, Bernh.. « 414
¢ Glossostigma stenosiphon, Hiern . 406
_ $56! sulpburea, Hiern . 405
. . 81] spathulatum, Arn. 7
oe On var.minima,Benth., 356 tubata, Reuter . . 415
Px eae eas
es Thunb.
470
' Page
HARVEYA (con.)
tubulosa, Harv. . 408
varia, Reut. - 380
vestita, Hiern . 406
Harwaya
lutea, Steud. . . . 404
scarlatina, Hook. . 412
tubata, Hook. . . 415
Harweya
lactea, Presl . . 404
pratensis, Presl . . 403
squamosa, Presl . . 408
tulbaghensis, Presl . 408
varia, Hook. . . . 880
Heliophytum
lineare, ADC. . . 10
Hetiorropium, Linn... 7
ambiguum, DC. . . 8
apiculatum, EH, Meyer 8
Burmanni, Roem. ¥
BOs eager ID
capense, Lehi. . 10
capense, Thunb... . 10
coromandelianum,
Odar a 6a.4 8
coromandelianum,
ome cee 8
var.obovatum, DC. 8
currassavicum, Linn. 7
-var. Virens, DO.. 7
lineare, 0. H.Wright 9
Nelsoni,C. H.Wright 9
ovalifolium, Forsk.. 8
- supinum, Linn. . . 8
um, Burm. f. 10
tubulosum, E. Meyer 9
_ _vivens,E. Meyer . 7
- Hemineris, Linn. f. . 164
- alsinoides, Lam.. . 166
centrodes, Hiern 167
diffusa, Burch. . . 155
diffusa, Linn. f. . . 147
elegans, Hiern . . 160
gracilis, Schlechter . 167
latipes, Backh. . . 165
macrophylla, Thunb. 164
montana, Burch... . 152
montana, Linn. f. . 165
var.latipes, Benth. 166
peduncularis, Lam, . 147
sabulosa, Linn. f. . 166
sessilifolia, Benth.
165, 202
sinuata, Sm... .. 145
ep., Burch. . . . 165
unilabiata, Thunb. . 154
Henckelia
capensis, A. Br. . . 444
Herpestis
africana, Steud. . . 355 |
INDEX.
Page
Herpestis (con.)
crenata, Beauv. . . 355
» cuneifolia, Pursh . 355
Monnieria, H. B.&K. 355
pedunculosa, Steud. 355
Hewirtia, Wight &
APN Se a gs OS:
bicolor, Wight . 68
sublobata, O. Kuntze 68
Houusia, Oliv... . . 457
saccata, Oliv. . 457
Hydrocotyle
wiltosa, Eckl. .:.. ...83
HYDROPHYLLACEA 1
Hymenospermum
dentatum, Benth. . 375
Hyopancue, Linn. . 415
atropurpurea, Bolus 419
Barklyi, NV. E. Br. . 418
coccinea, Linn. . 417
glabrata, Hiern . . 417
rubra, NV. E.Br.. . 418
wsanguinea, Linn. . 416
var. 8, Thunb. . 418
var. glabra,Benth. 418
var. glabrescens,
Drége:. . ssa 4&8
sanguinea, Thunb. , 417
Hypnotium
somniferum, Rodrig. 108
Inysantuzs, Rafin. 363
Bolusii, Hiern. 367
capensis, Benth.. . 364
conferta, Hiern . . 365
dubia, Barnh. . . 364!
gratioloides, Benth. . 364
var. capensis, O.
UROL es oe 1 BE4
Muddii, Hiern 366
nana, Engl. . 365,
riparia, Rojin. . . 364
Schlechteri, Hiern . 365
Wilmsii, Engl. . . 366
Tromaa, Linn. . ‘
adenioides, Schinz . 51
Aitoni, Choisy . . 64
albivenia, Sweet. . 59
anguwlata, RE, Meyer. 64
angustifolia, Jacq. . 54
‘Var. retusa, Baker
angustisecta, Engl. .
arachnoidea, Bojer .
arachnoidea, Choisy .
argyreioides, Choisy
Atherstonei, Baker .
Barretti, Rendle . 50
bathycolpos, Hall, di
var. sinuatoden-
tata, Hall. fo.
Tpomm@a (con.)
bellecomans, Rendle 55
biloba, Forsk. . . 52
blepharosepala,
Hochst. 1.0. te
bolusiana, Schinz 49
var. abbreviata,
Hall. f. 49
bowieana, Baker 55
cairvica, Sweet 66
calycina, C.B. Cl. 62
calystegioides, E.
Meyer... . 56
ana, EH. Meyer . . 50
capttata, Choisy
cardiosepala, Hochst.
carnosa, R. Br. . . 52
chloroneura, Hall. f. 52
coccinea, Linn. . (ey Ba
congesta, R. Br. . 59
contorta, Choisy . 58
contorta, Engl. . .
convolvuloides,
Halli fide youre
coptica, Roth .
crassipes, Hall. f. .
crassipes, Hook. .
forma brevipes,
Hall, £553
var.genuina, Hall.f.
var. grandifolia,
Hallo f ccasiegs
var. longepedun-
culata, Hall. f. .
var. ovata, Hall. f.
sub-var.natalensis,
jn UES Cer
sub-var. transvaal-
ensis, Hall. f. . 56)
var. strigosa, Hall. 7
var. thunbergi-
oides, Hall. f. .
var. volubilis,
Hal. f.
crispa, Hall. f, ....
cynanchifolia, Hall.f.
dasysperma, Jacq. f.
denticulata, R. Br. .
digitata, Linn. . .
dissecta, Willd. . .
ficifolia, Lindl. . -
. . .
Jilicaulis, Blume .
fragilis, Choisy .
geminiflora, Welw. .;,
‘Gerrardi, Hook.f. ¥,
gerrardiana, Rendl; ,
gracilisepala, Rend, .
Greenstockii, René
holosericea, EK, Me; ,
Ipoma@a (con.)
insignis, Andr. . .
involucrata, Hall. f. .
lambtoniana, Rendle
littoralis, Boiss...
longipes, Engl. ‘
magnousiana, Schinz
malvzfolia, Baker
maritima, R. Br. .
Marlothii, Engl.
mesenterioides,
Ham +s Mae
oblongata, EL. Meyer
auriculata,
Heel
var.hirsuta, Rendle
obscura, Ker. . .
var. longipes, C.
H. Wright . .
Gnotherex, Hail, f..
Ommanei, Rendle .
ovata, EZ. Meyer. .
var. pellita, Baker
palmata, Forsk..
pandurexjolia, KE.
Meyer. 6...
paniculata, R. Br. .
var. pauciflora, EK.
. Meyer .
Papilio, Hall.f.. .
pellita, Hall. f. . -
Pes-capre, Roth. .
petunioides, Baker .
pileata, Rorb . . .
plantaginea, Hall. f.
pretermissa, Hendle
pulchella, Choisy -
punctata, EK Meyer.
purpurea, Roth . .
quinquefolia, Hochst.
var. pubescens,
poner eee
yar. purpurea,
Bl fos ss
retusa, HE. Meyer. .
robertsiana, Rendle
sarmentacea, Rendle’
saundersiana, Baker
simplex, Hook. .
simplex, Thunb. . -
sinuata, O. Ktze. .
sp., Drege . + - 54,
stipulacea, Jacq. -
~gublucens, Rendle .«
suffruticosa, Burch. .
®, tenuis, EB. Meyer. -
iqvetraptera, Baker -
- }-berculata, Choisy -
‘ndulata, Baker .
INDEX,
Ipome@a (con.)
Wightii, Choisy . . 63
Woodii, N. Z. Br. . 60
xiphosepala, Baker . 68
Ixrantues, Benth. . 216
retzioides, Benth. . 217
JacquemontTiA, Choisy 69
capitata, G. Don, . 69
Kieetra, DC. . 454
ethiopica, Schinz . 454
pinnata, DC... . 454
LENTIBULARIEA . 423
LimosenbA, Linn, . . 356
annua, Benth, . 357
aquatica, Linn. . . 356
var, alismoides,
Walwisc «>< 868
_var. tenuifolia,
Hook. Je 6 «2 « BST
caerulea, Burch. . B59
capensis, Benth. . 360
capensis, Thunb. . 358
diandra, Krocker . 357
diandra, Linn. . . 356
grandiflora, Benth. . 359
longiflora, O. Ktze. . 358
maior, Diels . . . 357
natans, Spreng. . - 360
palustris, Linn. . . 357
plantaginis-folio, J.
me. GUUb. a Ss BNE
Linagia, Tournef. .
aphylla, Spreng. -
capensis, Spreng.
Dracocephali folio,
Potiv. ccus 9 227. 187
foliis coptosis, Barm, 187
fruticans, Spreng. . 194
patens, Spreng. . - 200
scabra, Spreng. . - 196
spuria, Mill. . . 204
vulgaris, Mill. . . 204
Lindernia
capensis, Thunb. . 364
LirnospermuM, Linn.. 20
affine, DCU... +. - 2%
arvense, Linn. . - 24
cinereum, DC. . . 23
diversifolium, DC. . re
flexuosum, Lehm. -
heliotropioides,Forsk. 8
hirsutum, LE. Meyer.
hirsutum, E. Meyer «
incrassatum, (vss. +
jnornatum, DC.. -
officinale, Linn. . -
papillosum,E; Meyer
A471
LItHOSPERMUM (con.)
papillosum, Zhunb. .
var, ambiguum
21
21
scabrum, EB. Meyer . 22
scabrum, Thunb, . 22
sp., Drdge. . . 28,24
Lobelia iene ce
Cheivanthus, Linn. 241
Losostemon, Lehm. .
acutissimus, Buek .-
alopecuroideus, C.
HH, Wright . ss
argenteus, Buek. .
breviflorus, DC, . .
eapitiformis, DC. .
caudatus, Busk . .
cephaloides, DC. .
cinereus, DC. . .
collinus, Schlechter .
curviflorus, Buek .
diversifolius, Buek .
Dregs, DO. 6 es
echioides, Lehm. .
ecklonianus, Buek .
elongatus, Buek . .-
eriostachyus, Buek .
fastigiatus, Buek .
ferocissimus, DC, .
var. albicalyx, C.
H. Wright . .
formosus, Buek . .
fruticosus, Buek. .
SRESUSSERRSEEES BE
var. us,
De. 2s bd * .
Galpinii, C.
Wright ee) oe
glaber, Buek . . .
glaucophyllue, Buek
hispidus, DC. . .
lwevigatus, Buek . .
Jasiophyllus, DC. .
lehmannianus, B
latifolius, Buek . ~
lucidus, Buek . .
microphyllus, Buek.
montanus, Buek .
var. minor, (. H.
Wright . . 5
nitidus, Bolus, . .
obovatus, DC. . .
obtusifolius, DC.
ederisfolius, DC. .
paniculeformis, DC.
paniculatus, Buek .
pilicaulis, C. H.
Meee Sos oes
pubifiorus, ©. HH.
Wright pies ‘
ge 8 HRSBESS SRsekauesss © ez
—AT2
Page
LOBOsTEMON (con. )
sanguineus,
Schlechter . . 27
Gonuor, PU. 2. 84
spheerocephalus,Buek 36
var.herbacea, Buek 37
Sspicatus, Buek . 41
splendens, Buek . 4)
sprengelianus, Buek 43
stachydeus, DC. . 33
strigosus, Buek . . 81
Swartzii, Buek . . 29
thymele@oides, DC. . 88
var. longifolius,
DOW Spe tead OS
var. setulusus, DC. 38
trichotomus, DO. 38
trigonus, Buek . 32
verrucosus, Buek 35
var. Dregei, DC. 5 38
var.pauciflorus,DC. 35
virgatus, Buek 43
viridi-argenteus,
BUCK Si comiasan 41
Warmbi, DG; :)..:.... 29
Zeyheri, Buek 33
Lonicera
foliis lucidis, Burm. 208
folio acuto, J. Burm. 209
Lychnidea
willosa, etc., Burm, . 345
villosa fol. angustis,
Burm: scr. ee 1828
villosa fol. oblongis,
; .Byrm.:... 3 :\\.. . 290
Lychnis
africana, etc., Burm. 345
Lycium, Linn. . . . 109
acutifolium,E. Meyer 112
var. angustifolium,
UMS. Sepia 4118
var. _latifolium,
ig repre iE |
afrum, Linn. , . . 111
var. stenanthum,
O. Kize. . . . 111
var. parviflorum,
E. Meyer . . 113
apiculatum, Dun. . 117
var.. brevifolium,
Dans 5. cine i DT
var. longifolium,
DAN ew TAT
arenicolum, Miers . 115
. var. brevifolia, C.
Ho Wrights. . 115
- austrinum, Miers . 112
barbarum, Thunb. . 112
campanulatum, £.
Mit 6 eect
INDEX.
Page
Lycium (con.)
capense, Mill, . . 114
carnosum, Poir. . . 112
cinereum, Krauss . 117
cinereum, Thunb. . 116
cordatum, Mill. . . 109
echinatum, Dun. . 114
ferocissimum, Miers 111
foliis linear., Trew . 112
hirsutum, Dun. 8
var. cinerascens,
Don. .
ochraceum,
Dune s-. . 110
horridum, Thunb. .
var. pentandrum,
O. Kaeen i vse nk 4
var. tetrandwum, .
Oo Bice ow. 14
tnerme, Linn. f. - L109
Krausii, Dun. . .
110
macranthum,
Buching. . . . 452
oxycarpum, Dun. . 113
var. angustifolium,
ite S618
var. grandiflorum,
Dae. sei apd
var. parviflorum,
Dun. . Teo ls
oxycladum, Miers . 115
pendulinum, Miers . 116
pilifolium, ©. dH.
Wright. cies 6. 118
propinguum, G. Don 112
Prunus-spinosa,
Meats csvset LL
rigidum, Thunb. . 111
var. angustifolium,
po eee bE |
var. latifolium
grandifiorum,
Dune > a4. 552 tl
var.latifolium parvi-
florum, Dun. . 112
roridum, Miers . . 118
schizocalyx, (C. H.
Waight. coasts, 114
serpyllifolium, Dun. 134.
sp., Drége . 91, 111, 112,
114, 115
tenue, Willd. . .116
var. Sieberi, Dun. 116
tetrandum, Miers . 117
tetrandrum, Thunb. 114
Lycopsis
longifolia, E. Meyer 17
Lyperia
amplewicaulis,Benth. 287
argentea, Benth. 301, 302
Page
Lyperia (con.) :
var. y, Benth. . 301
aspalathoides,Benth, 308
atropurpurea, Benth, 306
atropurpurea, Drege 308
breviflora,Schlechter 264
burkeana, Benth. . 299
canescens, Benth. . 303
crassicaulis, Benth. 295
crocea, Eek). . . 806
var. microphylla,
Zeyh. .
cuneata, Benth. . ; 308
diandra, BE. Meyer. 243,
353
. 298
. 299
. 298
. 298
jilicaulis, Benth.
jlogiflora, Drége .
foliolosa, Benth. .
foliosa, Krauss
fragrans, Benth. . 290
var. B, Ait.. . 289
fruticosum, Benth, . 289
glutinosa, Benth. . 283
grandiflora, Galpin. 304
incisa, Benth. . . 304
integerrima, Benth. . 285
kraussiana, Benth. . 301
var. latifolia,
Benth... ee
litoralis, Schinz . . 291
macrocarpa, Benth. 290
micrantha, Klotzsch 263
microphylla, Benth. 310
mollis, Benth. . . 296
multifida, Benth. . 292)
pedunculata, Benth. 308°
phlogiflora, Benth, . 299
phlugifolia, Drége
pinnatifida, Benth. .
punicea, N. E. Br. . 264
racemosa, Benth. .
stricta, Benth. =. .
tenuiflora, Benth.
tenuifolia, Bernh. . 310
tortuosa, Benth. . 7
tristis, Benth. . 28,353)
violacea, Benth.. . 274
Macrosiphon
elongatus, Hochst. . 399) —
fistulosus, Hochst. . 399
Manuea, Linn. . . 221) |
equipetala, Sternb.. 275)
ethiopica, Thunb. . 327,
alterniflora, Desf. . 24%
alternifolia, Pers. .
-altissima, Linn. f.
var. glabricaulis
Hiern. «
. B09 Ff |
- INDEX.
Page Page Hie
4 , MANULEA (con.) “ae Manutea (con.) MANULEA
’ yar. longifolia, linifolia,O. Ktze . 285 virgata, aan. . 240
Hiern. i: age BBO var. heterophylla, viscosa, Willd. . . 256
androsacea, E. Meyer 232 O. Ktze.. . . 272] Martynia
angustifolia, Link & var. integerrima, longiflora, Royen . 459
Otto: 78 . 234 _ O. Kise.) 47286 zanguebarica, Lour, . 463
antirrhinoides, Linn. linifolia, Thunb.. . 272 MELAsMa, Berg. e871
be - .274| longiflora, Jarosz . 242| barb:
arabidea, Schlechter . 227 Iatpafoting Benth, . 229 eapeaea.aaee : or
argentea, Linn. f. . 302] microphylla, Linn. f. 310 dentatum, K. Schum. 375
atropurpurea, Herb. microphylla, Thunb. 308 indicum, Wettst. . 874
Banks. . . . .806| minor, Diels . . . 282 luridum, Hiern . . 876
aurantiaca, Jarosz . 242) multifida, O. Ktze. . 292 natalense, Hiern. . 877
bellidifolia, Benth. . 227) natalensis, Bernh. . 238] orobanchoides Engl. 376
benthamiana, Hiern 226 nervosa, H. Meyer . 224] ovatum, Benth. oe 87S
Burchellii, Hiern . 228] obovata, Benth. . . 284 parviflorwm, KY
cerulea, Linn. f. . 256| obtusa, Hiern. . . 285 Seham:: (62877
campanulata,O.Ktze. 253/ oppositiflora, Vent.. 273| scabrum, Ber. v.95 OF
campestris, Hiern . 240| oppositifolia, Hort. . 273 var. ovatum Hiern 372
capensis, Thunb. . 328 var. angustifolia, © sessiliflorum, "Hiern 3875
capillaris, Linn. f. . 329 O. Ktze. . . . 274) Zeyheri, Hook. » « 889
capitata, Linn. f. . 816| paniculata, Benth. . 237 | Merremia
cephalotes, Zhunb.. 235| parviflora, Benth. . 237| angustifolia, Hall. f. 655
Cheiranthus, Linn.. 241] pinea, Drege. . . 236 var. ambigua,
var. floribunda, pinnatifida, O. Ktze, 297 Hall. f) 26% 256
Benth. . . . 241] pinnatifida, Linn. f. 301 bowieana, Rendle . 55
cordata, Thunb. . . 280| plantaginea, Thunb. 330] hastata, Hall. f.. . 55
corymbosa, Benth. . 226| Plantaginis, Linn. f. 330| malvefolia, Rendle. 66
corymbosa, Linn. f. 231| polyantha, O. Ktze. 260} retusa, Hall.f. . . 55
crassifolia, Benth. . 230| pusilla, E. Meyer . 229 | Mertensia
crassifolia, Benth. . 227 var. insigniflora, stbirica; Don... 8
4
_erystallina, Weinm. 274 Diels . . . . 229 | Microsyphus
cunetfolia, Linn. f. . 312| revoluta, Thunb.. . 270] parviflorus, Presl . 377
densiflora, Benth. . 236| rhynchantha, Link . 241| Mimuuus, Linn. . . 354
divaricata, Eckl. . 241| rigida, Benth.. . . 238 angustifolius, Hochst. 354
divaricata, Thunb. . 348] rubra, Linn. f. . . 284] gracilis, R.Br. . . 354 —
exaltata, Herb. var.Turritis, Hiern 235| strictus, Benth. . . 354
Banks. . . . .240| satwreioides, Desr. . 271} Moniera, B. Juss. . 355
floribunda, O. Ktze. 278| scabra, Wendl. . .229| cuneifolia, Michw. . 355
fetida, Pers.. . .275| silenoides, Drége . 226 | Monniera
foliolosa, O. Ktze. 298,| silenoides, H. Meyer 225} africana, Pers. . . 355
306 var.minor,E.Meyer 225| Brownei, Pers. . . 355
-fragrans, Schlechter 225! Sopwbia, Hamilt. . 388|Myosoris, Linn. . . 18
“gariepina, Benth. .242| stellata, Benth. . .239| afropalustris, C. H.
garipensis, Drége . 242; thodeana, Diels . . 230 Wright . . . 20
halimifolia, O. Ktze, 258| Thunbergii, G. Don 283 var. glabra, 0. H.
heterophylla, Linn. f. 317| thyrsiflora, Linn. f. 236 Wright . . . 20
hirta, Gertn. . . 234 var. albiflora, O. | arvensis,
hispida, Thunb.. . 273 eile, 220. . 386 var.sylvatica,Pers. 19
incana, Thunb. . . 230 var. versicolor, 0. cynoglossoides, Lehm. 16
incisiflora, Hiern . 228 Ktze. . . . . 286) Galpinii,C.H. Wright 19 —
tomentosa, Benth. . 283| graminifolia, DC. . 18
integrifolia, Linn. f. 269°
aden Herb. tomentosa, Curt. . . 234] __ var.trinervia,A.DC. 19
Banks, . 222| tomentosa, Linn. . 238| intermedia, Link . 19
Lappula, Linn, . . 15
semiamplexicaulis,
juncea, Benth. . . 236| turrita, Benth. . ~. 2385
kraussiana, O. Ktze. 301 Turritis, Herb.
laxa, Schlechter . . 233 Banks. 2. 2. B85 DO ss i
leiostachys, Benth.. 233| uncinata, Desr. . . 242) sp., Drége. . . 19,20
jleucostachys, Drége 283| villosa, Pers. . . 323 | squarrosa, Retz. 65S
ichnidea, Desr. . . 290| violacea, Link . 2741 -sylvatica, Hofim. . 1
reais
474
Page
Nemesia, Vent. . 169:
acuminata, Benth. . 196
affinis, Benth. . 182
vars.a andB,Benth, 183
albiflora, N. E. Br. . 198
anfracta, Hiern . . 191
anisocarpa, EH. Meyer 185
barbata, Benth. . . 177
var. minor, Schinz 178
bicornis, Pers. . . 187
bicornis, Sieb. » 176
biennis, Drége may boy's
Bodkinii, Bolus . . 174
brevicalcarata,
Schlechter ae key
calcarata, EH. Meyer . 190
capensis, O. Ktze. . 194
var. ecalcarata, O.
Ktze. . see 206
var. ecalcarata
pallida, O. Ktze. 172
chameedrifolia, Vent. 196
chameedryfolia,
Benth. 5 196
var. natalensis,
meron. ...,..< 197
Cheiranthus,E£. Meyer 179
coerulea, Hiern . . 191
cynanchifolia, Benth. 188
diffusa, Benth. . . 192
var. rigida, Benth. 192
divergens, Benth. . 193
euryceras, Schlechter 178
Flanagani, Hiern . 199
floribunda, Lehm. . 183
var. tenwior, Krauss 183
footens, Vent... . . 193
var.latifolia, Hiern 194
fruticans, Benth. . 194
gracilis, Benth. . . 186
grandiflora, Duels. 178
Guthriei, Hiern . . 173
hanoverica, Hiern . 197
hastata, Benth. . . 175
lanceolata, Hiern . 198
Leipoldtii, Hiern . 175
ligulata, E. Meyer . 188
linearis, Vent. . . 194
var. latifolia,
Bemth, . ... 194
longicorne, Pers. .
longicornia, Vent. . 152 |
lucida, Benth. ail/5
macroceras,
_ Schlechter . 180
var. crocea,
Schlechter - 181
Maxii, Hiern . 185 |
melisswefolia, Benth. 195,
Mcrantha, Hiern . 179
NOMIC tax
INDEX.
NEMESIA. (con.)
natalitia, Sond. . 194
pallida, Hiern 172
patens, G. Don 199
petiolina, Hiern, 189
picta, Schlechter 176
pinnata, #. Meyer . 190
platysepala, Diels . 189
psammophila,
Schlechter . 184
pubescens, Benth.
var. glabrior,
Berths: oad 98
pulchella, Schlechter 180
saccata, H. Meyer . 174
sp., Burch. 186, 189, 194
strumosa, Benth. . 172
var. Suttont,Journ.
Hort. *. «178
versicolor, Drége . 187
versicolor, EH. Meyer 184
var. oxyceras,
Benth. 34014 ee BA
er
capensis, J. F. Gmel. 241
Chetranthus, Berg. . 241
parviflora, Hiern . 238
vubra, Berg. . . . 284
NicaNpRA, Adans. . 108
physaloides, Gertn. 109
minor, Hort. . pe
Nicotiana, Linn. . . 119
arborea, Dietr. «420
fruticosa, Hary. . . 119
var. angustifolia,
be 42s 120
glauca, Grah. . . 120
glaucescens, Hiern . 182
lancifolia, Willd. . 120
parviflora, Benth. . 181
Tabacum, Linn. . . 119
var. fruticosa,
Hooks:f.5 oo 55:19
var. lancifolia,
Comes. . . 119
viscosa, E. Meyer . 181
Nigrina
orobanchodes,O.Ktze. 377
sessiliflora, O. Ktze. . 875
viscosa, Linn, . . £72
- 152 | Nycterinia
africana, Benth. . . 343
capensis, Benth. . . 338
var. foliosa, Drege 338
var. tenwifolia,
Drége. . - 338
coriacea, Benth. . . 336
dentata, Benth. . . 339) ~varia, EB. Meyer. . 390
yar. humilis, Benth. 339 | Orontium
divaricata, Benth. . 348| pinnatum, Pers.
| ®squamosa, Thunb. —
|
|
Nycterinia (con.)
longiflora, Benth.
lychnidea, D. Don
maritima, Benth, —
microsiphon, O.Ktze.
natalensis, Bernh. .
ovate, Benth. . .
peduncularis, Bent!
pumila, Benth, .
pusilla, Benth.
pusilla, Drége .
rigidt, Benth. . .
~ selaginoides
yar. glabra, Benth. 345
var. parviflora, ~
Benth. . . . 346
spathacea, Benth. . 336
villosa, Benth. . 348
Ohlendorfiia
procumbens, Lehm, . 131
rosulata, Nees . . 1380
OROBANCHACEH A ., 421
ORoBANCHE, Tournef. 421
Alectra, D. Dietr. 373, 404
capensis, Burm.f. . 374
~capensis, Thunb. . 408
-lactea, Hckl. & Zeyh. 404
lutea, Steud. . . . 404
maurit, fl purp.,
Pebti vec oe ee
minor, Thunb. . 422
Muteli, Schultz . . 422
var. Promunturii,
Beck . mee
-parvifiora, E. Meyer
pratensis, Eckl. &
Pe es
purpurea, Linn. f.
var. 8, Thunb.
purpurea, Sm. .
ytamosa, Linn.
yar,
Beck
species
Ploken.. . i .@
spectabilis, E. Meyer
squammata, Thunb,
var, interrupta
Pers. ccs
—tubata, HE. Meyer .
-tulbaghensis, Eckl.
Me LOPhy caer es
witenhagensis, Eckl. 403
cederota
Bona-spei, Linn
racemosa, Hou
: zon, Drége . 135
leacorr hizum, E.
Meijer: C21. 185
var. grandiflorum,
Hiern. % . 135
var. junceum,
Hiern . . . 135
linearifolium,Schinz 132
Marlothii, Engl. . 127
Peplidium
capense, Spreng.
Pharbitis
hispida, Choisy .
~ Phelipea
capensis, G. Don
ualis, GRO. © 5
pinum, N. £. Br.
ugei, Hiern. .
yum, Hiern
pitatum, Benth.
nimum, Hiern
| iallica, Benth.
_ Rudolphi, Hiern .
- rupestre, Hiern.
. oppositifolium, Engl.
origanoides, E. Meyer
scoparium, E, Meyer
virgatum, E. Meyer 132
viscosum, FE. Meyer 134; Pollichia
urii, Hiern. .
acteatum, Benth. .
132
134.
137
. 356
“09
. 413
ramosa, C. A. Meyer 422
uyGeLius, E. Meyer 212
“apis
pensis, E. Meyer . 212
LLoPopiuM, Benth. 311
. dig
. 313
uncifolium, Benth, 312 |
erophyllum, Benth. 316
sbsianum, Benth.. 3821
. 318
ltifolium, Hiern . 315
rel iy
. 820
poly
_ Schlechteri, Hiern . 319
sordidam, Hiern
\, arborescens, Linn.
Jatwrefolia, Lam.
YSALIS, Linn. rat
. 108
. 109
ermannt, Dun... 107
. 3l4
| Puysanis (con.)
PrRETREA, J. Gay .
105
INDEX, —
incana, Hort. Par. . 106
mivima, Linn. 106
parviflora, R. Br. 107
peruviana, Linn. 106
peruviana, Mill. . 109
pubescens, Drdge 106
somnifera, Linn.. . 108
var.communis, Nees 108
var. flexuosa, Nees 108
tomentosa, Medic. . 106
tomentosa, Thunb. . 108
Physalodes
peruvianum, O.Ktze. 109
physalodes, Britton . 109
Piptoclaina
supina,G. Don . . 8
Pittosporum
commutatum, Krauss 5
Plectronia
ventosa, Linn. . . 109
PoDRANEA, Sprague . 449
ricasoliana, Sprague 450 |
Polecaria
pubescens, Drége . 328
12
africana, Medik. .
PonycaRENAa, Benth. . 321
arenaria, Hiern . . 330
aurea, Benth. . . . 326
capensis, Benth.. . 323
capillaris, Benth. . 329
collina, Hiern . . 325
discolor, Schinz . . 327
filiformis, Diels . . 329
. 327
324
325
foliosa, Benth. .
gilioides, Benth. .
glaucescens, Hiern .
gracilipes, N. £. Br, 332
intertecta, Benth. . 322
Leipoldtii, Hiern . 326
Maxii, Hiern . . 328
parvula, Schlechter . 332
330
eo!
Prernxa (con.)
Page
zanguebarica, J.Gay 468
Psammostachys
varia, Presl . . . 380
Preropiscus, Hook. . 455
luridus, Hook. f.. . 456
speciosus, Hook... . 456
QuaMocuit, Tourn. , 67
coccinea, Moench 67
Raphidophyllum
simplea, Hochst. . 386
Rerzia, Thunb, . . 120
capensis, Thunb. . 120
RHAMPHICARPA, Benth. 398
dentata, BE. Meyer . 400 —
fistulosa, Benth... . 398 —
longifiora, Benth. . 399
montana, V. 2. Br., 400
tubulosa, Benth. . 399
var. grandiflora,
O. Kize. .. <5 808
var. normalis, O,
Kize.!:. sien
var. parviflora, O. —
120. 6 Oe
Ruicozum, Burch. . . 450_
brachiatum,E.Meyer 452
obovatum, Burch. , 452 ©
spinosum, Burch. . 451 —
trichotomum, Burch, 451
trichotomum, Fenzl . 452
zambesiacum, Baker 452
Rhinanthus a
capensis, Linn. . . 420
seaber, Thunb. . , 875
Laan: 33.5 a
ae
SPs,
Rivea
adenioides, Hall. f. .
cenotheroides, Hall.f. 60
sufruticosa, Hall. f. 61 oS
| Rochelia
cynoglossoides, oe
16
plantaginea, Benth.
pubescens, Benth. . 328 Roem. & Schult. .
rariflora, Benth. . . 331/ Rocrria, J.Gay . . 459
var. micrantha, longiflora, J. Gay . 450 |
Schlechter . . 331 | Ruellia , ae
selaginoides, depressa, Linn. f. . 131_
Schlechter . . . 326| spinescens, Thumb. . ae
silenoides, Harv. . 324
333 | Schistanthe
tenella, Hiern . .
transvaalensis, Hiern 330
- 463
artemisiefolia,
Klotzsch . . . 463
bojeriana, Decne. . 463°
eriocarpa, Decne. . 463 |
Forbesti, Decne. .
senecioides, Klotasch 463
peduncularis, Kunze 139
Scoparia — ; Be
dulcis, Linn. we 125 .
heterophylla, Willd. 125
Scrophulariacea :
“ 125 :
4037, Drege « +
8264, Drege ea « 125
Scrophularia
476
Boe
Page
SCROPHULARIACEA :
42
Bencere ete age 7D
capensis, Hall.f. . 80
var. glabrescens,
Hall. f. wie BO
conglomerata; Hall.f. 81
suffruticosa, Hall. f. 81
“var. hirsutissima,
Taf: ee ises. BI
Selago
cordata, Thunb. . . 316
decumbens, Thunb. . 222
322
Sychnidea, Linn, . 290
tomentosa, Linn. . . 239
Sesamopteris
pentaphylla, DC. . 461
Sxsamum, Linn. . 459
capense, Burm.f. . 461
edule, Hort. . 461
indicum, Linn. . 460
lamiifolium, Engl. . 462
lepidotum, Schinz . 461
oleiferum, Moench . 461
orientale, Linn. . . 461
pentaphyllum, = B.
_. Meyer ., . 461
_triphyllum, Welw. . 461
Shutereta
bicolor, Choisy . 68
Sibthorpia
africana, Linn. . , 125
europea, Linn. . . 125
evolvulacea, Linn. f, 83
SOLANACE A. 87
_Sonanum, Linn, . . 88
acanthoidewm, kK,
Meyer ec 8
aculeatissimum,J, 97
~aculeastram, Dun. . 95
Aggerum, Dun. . . 92
~aggregatum Jacg. . 91
argenteum, Heyne . 94
astrophorum, Jan . 97
auriculatum, Ait, . 94
bifurcatum, A. Rich. 94
bifurcum, Hochst, 94.
bracteatum, Thunb. 211
Burehellii, Dun. . . 100
capense, Drdge ~ 102
capense, Linn. . . 102
var. tomentosa,
C. H. Wright . 102
chenopodioides ,Krauss 99
ciliatum, Lam. . , 97
coagulans, Forsk. . 101
-coccineum, Jacq. . 103
crassifolium, Lam. , 93
dasypus, E. Meyer . 91
‘ INDEX.
Page
SoLanum (con.)
delagoense, Dun. 99
didymanthum,
var. pluriflorum,
Dts LP CoS
var. spinosa, C. H.
Wright wie? 89
Dregei, Dun. . . 102
Duleamara,
var. 8, Linn. 93
dulcamarum afr. fol.
crass., Dill. + 93 |
duplosinuatum,
Klotzsch . « 98 |
esculentum, Drége . 101
esculentum, Dun. . 100
exasperatum,H.Meyer 92
Farini, Dammann . 98
farinosum, Wall. . 94
ferrugineum, Jacq.. 97
geminiflorwm,E.Meyer 99
geniculatum,#.Meyer 93
giftbergense, Dun. . 104
~giganteum, Jacq. . 94
guineense, Lam. . 90
incanum, Linn. . . 101
incertum, Dun. . 90
indicum, Linn. <c 201
insanum, Linn. - 100
leucophzum, Dun. . 103
Lichtensteinii, Willd. 104
longipes, Dun. » 105
moestum, Dun. . 104
mammosum, Thunb. 105
melanocarpum, Dun. 100
Melongena, Hook. f. 102
Melongena, Linn. . 99
Willert, Jacq. . 102
miniatum, Bernh. 90
monticolum, Dun. 91
myriacanthum, Dun. 97
snigrum, Linn. . , 89
niveum, Thunb, . 94,
~pandureforme, £.
oer. . 99
pseudocapsicum, Linn. 90
quadrangulare, Thunb. 91
var. integrifolium
Dun. . i 92
var. sinuato-angu-
latum,Dun.. . 92
~quadrangulare,Thunb. 93
retroflecwm, Dun. . 90
var. angustifolium,
un. see OO
_ var.latifolium,Dun. 90
erigescens,Jacg.. . 96
var. nanum, Dun. 96
<rubetorum, Dun.. . 96
—rubrum,var. a, Drage 105 |
sodom#
sodomews
sodomeut
var.Her
Spey Drége 4
subexarmate™
—supinum, Die
| tabaccifolium)
| —tomentosum, |
var. Burd@®h
C. H. Writ
var. cocct
Willd. .
var.macrophyllum, _
Nees :
uniflorum, Vell. .
villosum, Mill.
violaceum, Jacq-
Sopusia, Hamilt. .
cana, Harv. .
var. glabrescens,
Diels... «2881
dregeana, Benth. . 386
Kenii, 8. Moore 388 §
fastigiata, Hiern . 887 |
scabra, G. Don . - 389
simplex, Hochst.. . 386
trifida, Hamilt. . 388
Welwitschii, Engl. . 389
var. micrantha,
Engl. .
Sphenandra
cerulea, O. Ktze.
cinerea, Engl.
viscosa, Benth.
Sporledera
triloba, Bernh.
krausseana, Bernh.
Stenolobiwm
alatum, Sprague
fulvum, Sprague
Steripha
reniformis, Soland,
Stictocardia
Woodii, Hall. f. .
Stomatotechium. .
papillosum, Lehm. - By
SrreProcarpus,Lindl. 44°F
achimeniflora, es
Journ. Hort.
Armitagei, Bak. f. & —
8. Moore .
azureus, André -
biflora, Pucci .
tiforus, Crocker. . #*
Bolusi, C. B: Ol... - &
breviflos, C. B. Cl. .
Bruantii, Gard.Chro
OQ)
OO
.
€
. ae
.
.
STREPTOCARPUS (con.)
~~ Cooperi, C. B. Cl. . 442
Cooperi, C. B. Cl. . 441
Daviesii, N. E. Br. . 439
_ Dunnii, Hook.f. . 442
Dyeri, Wats. . . 447
Fanninie, Harv. . 444
floribundus, Gard.
Chron s Seny
Galpini, Hook.f. . 4389
Gardeni, Hook. f. . 444
grandiflorus, André 447
Greenii;Gard. Chron. 447
- Haygarthii, WN. E£.
_Br. . woe ao
i hirtinervis, C. B. Cl, 446
insignis, André . . 447
kewensis, Gard Chron.447
liechtensteinensis,
Hort. 3 . 447
lutea, C. B. Cl. . 445
maculatus, André . 447
micrantha, C. B. Cl. 440
Muddii, OC. B. Cl. . 448
multiflora, Gard.
Chron. aT
parviflora, Drége . 445
polyanthus, Hook. f. 440
polyanthus, Le Jard. 447
var. grandiflora,
: Inpelr. . «2447
prolixa, 0. B. Cl. . 446
pusilla, Harv. . . 443
Rexii, Drége . . . 440
Rexii, Lindl. . . « 444
ar. longifiora,
Drége wot 44d
Saundersii, Hook. f. 441
var. brevijlos, C.
|B. OL aie 443
@., Mast. . . » 24%
tubiflos, O. B. Ol. . 441
andeleurii, Bak. f.
_ &§ 8. Moore. . 442
- Watsoni, Gard.Chron. 447
‘Wendlandii,Sprenger 441
Wilmsii, Engl. . - 447
-— Woodii, C. B. Cl. . 445
379
Straiga, Lour. .
2
pilabiata, O. Ktze. . 381
coccinea, Benth. . . 383
elegans, Benth. . - 382
yar. alborosea, 0.
Nth. Ses
yar. coccinea, 0.
Kies 0 OS
Forbesii, Benth. . - 384
gesnerioides, Vatke .
gesneriodes, O. Ktze. 380
hirsuta, Benth. - -
INDEX.
STRIGA (con.)
Benth. .
SuteRA, Roth
altoplana,
annua, Hiern
antirrhinoide
Hiern .
burkeana,
calycina,
campanulata,
canescens,
cephalotes,
var. laxa, Hiern .-
arcuata, Hiern .
-argentea, Hiern .
asbestina, Hi
~aspalathoides, Hiern 308
~atropurpurea,
aurantiaca, Hiern -
batlapina, Hiern
Bolusii, Hiern -
brachiata, Roth .
bracteolata, Hiern . 276
breviflora, Hiern
brunnea, Hiern .
var. macrophylla,
Burchellii, Hiern
Hiern
cerulea, Hiern .«
O. Ktze. . 254
var.laxiflora,Hiern 254
Junodii, Schinz . . 383
lutea, Lowr. . . « 382
var.coccinea, O.
Ktze. . B88
orobanchoides,
Benth. aneed
orobanchoides, Ind.
Kew. . . 877
Thunbergii, Benth. . 880
var. grandiflora,
2» 248
accrescens, Hiern . 305
eethiopice, O. Ktze. 269
affinis, O. Ktze. .
Hiern
~amplexicaulis, Hiern 287
. 261
. 802
264
264
s,Hiern 274
, 266
. 801
ern . 285
Hiern 306
292
. 265
800
| 272
363
"979
O.Ktze. 253
Hiern .-
O. Ktze. 268
yar.glabrata, Hiern 268
cephatotes, O. Ktze. .
compta, Hiern -
concinna, Hiern. -
Cooperi, Hiern -
236
. 282
cordata, O. Ktze. - 279
ver. hirsutior,
Hiern - + 3
crassicaulis, Hiern . 294
yar. purpurea,
Hiern. +> * 295
cuneata, O. Ktze. - 273
cymulosa, Hiern « 267
densifolia, Hiern
denudata, Ktze. . 261
dielsiana, a St
divaricata, Hiern - 281
255]
SuTERA (con.)
elliotensis, Hiern
filicaulis, Hiern . -
flexuosa, Hiern . . 252
floribunda, 0. Ktze. 277 —
footida, Roth . . 276
_Aoliolosa, Hiern. . 298
fraterna, Hiern . . 274
afruticosa, Hiern. -
glabrata, 0. Kuntze 271
gracilis, Hiern . +
grandiflora, Hiern « 304
griquensis, Hiern
halimifolia, O. Ktze. 257
Henrici, Hiern . + 300
. 281
integrifolia,O Kuntze 269 me
Hiern. + ‘ Se
intertexta, Hiern - 255
kraussiana, Hiern 301
yar.latifolia, Hiern 301
latifolia, Hiern - +
laxiflora, 0. Kize. - 259
levis, Hiern + + > 262 —
linifolia, 0. Ktze. - a2.
var. heterophylla, — :
Hiern’. oe lS
litoralis, Hiern « - 201
luteiflora, Hiern. - 294
lychnidea, Hiern -
macleana, Hiern +
Hiern
, Ktze. «
as
236
5
.
.
seas
Sees
suREERDORE
Maxii, Hiern -
micrantha, Hiern
miorophylla, Hiern
mollis, Hiern. +
montana, S. Moore
natalensis, 0.
neglecta, Hiern. -
noodsbergensis,
Hiern. +
bl
one
ek ee ae ey
Hier 3.4
yar. macrophylla,
Hiern w+ +
478.
Bugis (con.)
et TORENIA (cont.)
INDEX.
var. microphylla, | spicata, Engl. . . 362
Hien . . 297 | TOURNEFORTIA, Linn. 6
var. eubbipinnatt- linearis, B. Meyer ¢. 10
secta, Hiern . 297 tubercularis, Drége. 6
yar. Subcanescens, tuberculosa, Cham... 6
; Hiern. e262 207 var, macrophylla,
var. viscosopubes- C.H. Wright . 6
cens, Hiern. + 297 | Trichocladus |
platysepala, Hiern . 249! verticillatus, Eckl.
polelensis, Hiern © . 252 & Zeyh... 27 219
polyantha, O. Ktze. 259 | TricnopEsMA, R. Br.. 10
-polysepala, Hiern . 254| africanum, #. Br. . 11
pristisepala, Hiern . 293| angustifolium,Harv. 11
procumbens,0. Ktze. 254 | physaloides, 4.DC.. 11
pumila, O. Ktze. . 257! sp.,Drége. . . i
racemosa, O. Ktze. . 276 | Tripinnaria
ramosissima, JTiern. 265 | africana, Spreng. . 454
revoluta, O. Ktze. . 270 | Trixago
yar. glabriuscula, apula, Stev. . . 420
_ Benth. 271 | Tysonta, Bolus . 12
var. pubescens, africana, Bolus 12
Benes. sits 271 ee
roscoflava, Hiern . 251 | Uncaria
rotundifolia, O. Ktze. 250} = pr ocumbens, Burch. 458
sessilifolia, Hiern . 291 | Urceolaria
stenopetala, Hiern . 805| capensis, Spreng. . 431
stenopbylla, Hiern . 258 | Urricunsria, Linn. . 423
subnuda, Hiern . . 258 acicularis, Soland. . 430
- subspicata, O. Ktze. 287 ambigua, DC. . . 436
tenella, Hiern . . 278| brachyceras,
tenuiflora, Hiern . 291 Schlechter . . 481
tomentosa, Hiern . 283 capensis, Spreng . 429
tortuosa, Hiern . . 309 var. brevicalcarata,
tristis, Hiern . . 289 GEG. oe ee aot
var.montana, Hiern 289 var. elatior, Kam. 429,
soni, Hiern . . 296 430
violacea, Hiern . .286| capensis, Spreng. . 430
virgulosa, Hiern. . 302) delicata, Kam. . 430
diantha,Roem.&Sch. 436
Tanecium diploglossa, Welw. . 434
pinnatum, Willd. . 454) Dregei, Kam. . . 426
Tecoma var. stricta, Kam. 427
alata, DC. . . 448 | Ecklonii, Spreng. . 430
capensis, Lindl. . .449| elevata,Kam. . . 427
Mackenii, W. Wats.. 450 var. MacOwanii
ricasoliana, Tanf. 450 Kam. j 427
Smithii, Bull. . . 448) Engleri, Kam. . 426
TECOMARIA, Spach. . 448 exvilis, Kam. 428, 430
capensis, Spach . 448 var. arenaria,Kam. 431
fulva, Seem, . - 448 var. Ecklonii, Kam, 428
Krebsii, Klotasch . 449 oe
Petersii, Klotzsch . 449 var. elatior, Kam. 430
Trrpia, Burch... . , 210 var. hirsuta, Kam. 428
; Incida, Rudolphi 210 var. minor, Kam, . 430
pubescens, Purch. . 211| exoleta, R. Br 435
ToRENIA, Linn.. .. . 362| - foliosa, Linn. . . 434|
ineequalifolia, Engl. . 363 hians, ADC. . "432
nama, Banth.. . . 341 Kirkii, Stapf : é i 428
i - plantaginea, Benth. - 861 Lehmannii, Benj. . 430
Page |)
UTRICULARIA (con.) _
lingulata, Baker. . 432
livida, E. Meyer . . 425
var. Engleri,Stapf 426
var. micrantha,
Kam...) 42.5428
var. pauciflora,
gq are re ae
var. transrugosa,
Stapf i
longecalearata, Benj.
madagascariensis,
A. DG. |.
olygosperma, St. Hil.
prehensilis, E. Mei 3
var. hians, Kam. .
var. huillensis,
Oey ars
var. lingulata,
Oe TEATS fos 405%
Rehmannii, Kam. . 429
Sandersonii, Oliv, . 431
var. Treubii, Kam. 432
sanguinea, S. Moore 429
sanguinea, Oliv. . . 42
Schinzii, Kam. . . 429
Sprengelii, Kam. . 429
var. acuticeras,
GRANT gcc a eee
stellaris, Linn. f. . 438
var. breviscapa,
Kathe. 03,
var.covomandeliana,
426
426
433 —
var, dilatata Kam. 433 —
var jiliformis,Kam. 433 _
strumosa, Soland.
transrugosa, Sta of. 428 |
Treubii, Kam.. . . 432
tribracteata, Hochst, 427 __
Uvedalia -
nana, Drege .
VERBASCUM, Linn.
Blattaria, Linn.
ie
137
virgatum, Stokes
Verbena
indica lanuginosa,
Barth.
VERONICA, Tournef.
africana ’ loribus ete,
Burm... 57;
agrestis, Linn. . , 8
Anagallis, Linn. .
anagalloides, Guss. ;
Beecabunga, Linn. . 367
Buzbaumii, Ten. . 369
capensis, Fenzl . , 368
4295
432
- 433
- 4295
|
:
. 361 |
blattar ioides, H. Ry P. 138
- 137 f
e Pee
var.aquatica, Berg, 368
Veronica (con.)
Page
| ZALUZIANSRYA (con.)
capensis, Walp. .
collina, Hiern
coriacea, Walp. . . 836
crocea, Schlechter
dentata, Walp. . . 339
diandra, Diels . 852
distans, Hiern . . 840
divaricata, Walp. . 347
falciloba, Diels . . 343
Flanagani, Hiern =, 351
gilgiana, Diels .
- gilioides, Schlechter 350
hederifolia, Linn, . 367
officinalis, Linn. . 367
persica, Desf... . . 369°
scutellata ?, Burch. . 368 |
Tournefortii, K. C.
_ Gmel.. . . . . 868}
Volkameria
orientalis, O. Ktze. . 461
sesamodes, O. Ktze. . 461 |
triphylla, O. Ktze. . 461_
WiTHanta, Pang. . . 107,
arborescens, Dun. . 108
somnifera, Dun. . 107
Witheringia
crassifolia, Dun, . 93 |
Zaluzanskia, Neck... . 333 |
ZALUZIANSKYA, F. W. |
Schmidt. . . . 333)
africana, Hiern . . 342 |
. 850 |
alpestris, Diels .
aschersoniana, Schinz 348 |
benthamiana, Walp. 348 |
Bolusii, Hiern . 352 |
PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON LTD,,
INDEX,
. 3388
var. foliosa, Walp. 338 | .
var. glabriuscula,
Walp. 888
var. hirsuta, Valp. 338
var. _ tenuifolia,
Walp. . 888
. 346
. 346
var. humilis,Hiern 339
. 843
goseloides, Diels. . 351
inflata, Diels . . 342
Katharine, Hiern . 341
longiflora, Walp. . 339
lychnidea, Walp. . 337 —
maritima, Walp. . 335.
var.atropurpurea,
Hiern < .. 4-336 |
Page |
_ZALUZIANSKYA (con.)
var. _ breviflora,
Mier ss a ee
var. fragrantissima,
TRON Gs ae
var, grandiflora,
Fern ss eee
var. pubens, Hiern 336
microsiphon, te
Schum... 2 Rae
montana, Hiern . . 342
natalensis, Bernh. . 336
nemesioides, Diels . 353
ovata, Walp. . . 840
peduncularis, Walp. 349
pumila, Walp. . . 340
pusilla, Walp. . . 349
ramosa, Schinz . 858
selaginoides, Walp. . 345
var. glabra, F. W.
Schmidt. . . 345
spathacea, Walp. . 336
villosa, F.W.Schmidt 345
var. glabra, Hiern 345
var. parviflora,
Hiern. « . 4 845
villosa, Walp. . 843
violacea, Schlechter 344
gt, JOHN’S HOUSE, LONDON, EC.
PAGE
13
58
62
62
65
66
84
170
191
273
>
CORRIGENDA.
12, line 14, before Sad. Hurt. insert Borago cons'at:nopolitano flore reflexo,
23 for radicle read radical
14 before Transvaal insert var. B,
7 from the bottum, for 14-2 lin. long read 1-14 in. in diam.
6 from the bottom, for seeds black, glabrous read seeds brown,
pubescent,
15 del. Forbes
27 before Orange insert var. B,
11 from the bottom, after 80 add C. falkiiformis, Schlechter in Eng!.
Jahrb. xxiv. 449.
27 for 6 read 16
18 for cerulea read cerulea
21 for Pluken, Almagest. t. 320, fig. 5, read Veronica americana
heii frutescens, etc., Pluken. Almagest. ii. 383, t. 320,
g. 5.
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