Correspondence ?Leonhardi (Hermann) and Engelmann (George),

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Rec. Berlin, March 10 Leonharai Prague,!larch 3.1857
Ans. Aprıilı il |

ear G By

ee Atoiled.

Just now I had written a letter to Julius, based on a rumour,you
had arrived, whieh, however, was to find its way by way of Idstein,
Heidelberg-to Frankfurt, so that I would not have to write the sane
matter there, when your letter arrived as we&l!as the brochures (|!
which, as I am too de, INersed in work, were taken over by my sis
tverı Trudchen, who is visiting here),and gave me unexpected! pleasure..

Now, I think, that despite ali the changes,which the years and ways

will enjoy old and new things heartily,and will be able to communicate
with each other”the fullness of it..But, Ilbelieve, that you, the
much travelled one,, will relate much more,and I will be thankful! to
learn sometning. We will see each other, I hope at least. I intend' to
come to Frankfurt around ee If you should then not be there yet,
then in the fall in Bonn; and if you go to Vienna,or coming back from
there, then both’ times Prague lies on the itinerary, and I expect you
to be my guest,and my wife is also looking forward to this. We live
now Allee street 984/I in a straight line from the raiiway to the
Kellerbrücke (Keller-bridge). But earliyin May I move quite close to
tne railroad ! Heuwegpiatz 985/V. Recently I wrote to Braun,that,., &£f
you came here, we couid arrange a get-together’ in Dresden or on the
Böhemian border, but in plenty of time,to be able to provide passports,
As T have the joyy to see you later here or in Bonn; I rather will
use my vacation"days for work, to zet more time for Frankfurt. My
Marit
sister Hary’had just inquiredsif any sien of life had come from yom
She will be very elad to get a response on this. Do you visit the rich
cactus (unable to decipher th& name of the collection, B+D,.) \collee -

tlion,where you could perhaps make porpholorical studies with most suce

CcessS.

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2
Leonardi' a March 3/1857
You will also find a great interest at Braum If he only had
the time, his theories would be leading in the world..

Let me know, with what plants I can serve you, if only for the
enrichment of your or your 3%. Louis herbariumor even. for re -
lease to others, in which latter case there would be included some
more common plants». I’ can then auifıy gather from the large source
of dAuplicates. I look forward to be rewarded by yow'in an equally
liberal way. .If I should not see you in Frankfurt,you can, as
befere, tell Juliussor Emilie (hame inserted later, E.D.) (Täo
not remember the name of your sister just now) ,but makes no dif-
ference,,to give me informatiom, first'of well defined items or
those, that must be looked up..I am most interested’ in Cryptoganmes,,
Akalinis (?’E.D.),monocodyledons (an insertion here is in such
mieroscopio script, that I cannot decipher it,.L.LD.)), also those,
which are commorr to Europe and America, which are just for that!
reasorm of interest’for their habitat there..

But now, fare welll for a happy reunion,your old friend

Leonard‘

To concludes: Many prefer Prague medical institutions to those
of Vienna, so that 1t should be worthwille for you for that reos-

son; to spend time here to inspect the items thoroushlys,.

(translated from German script by Edgar Denison, January 1989)\

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Rec. Paris June 24,,1857 Leonhardi Prag June 19, 1857

Dear George I I’must be afraid, that this letter will'not' get to you
in Frankfurt any more,and address it for that reasor to Julius, mwhos
himself may be on vacatiom The name of your brother-in-law does not"
come to mind,or I"d send it there. Do not consider it rudeness,, that
about the Cüscutae of Press

you did not receive information from me earlier. They are not in his
herbarium, which now belongs' to the waXwexsikyxXx botanical sarden,.
resp. the universityv Kastilozki (??? E.D.) was kind enough, to look:
for them right awayv. The young Purkinj&e, curator of the bohemiar
plant herbariumalso obliged to look for them and also for stipulate
Euphorbiae.. As the items are nott sorted out to a major parti, this took
much time to look up,but could not get"it all! together, hopes;,however,,
to have alll' complete by next wednesdays. He did find the Cuscutae of
Press; if those alone, or with others, I do not know, about 30 spe-
cimens,which he is prepared to send to you for examinatiorras well
as the stipulate Euphorbiae, wkich are on hand abundandlyvand in part
in new species... I desire your answer soomif they are to be sent now
or later to Frankfurt or somewhere else,.or, if you want to work" on
them here in Prague.

My sister looks forward to you as do I,thus take care to come..
I’ also look much forward to spend the fall vacations with yowin Bonm,
and generallyvto be together in"the country there withrold friends..
Now I am under much stresss my philosophical' teaching, which finally
got under way,though at first only as myrlecture, gives me great’ jJbw
through'the industryvand talent of the people. At the same time I
have two items in prints ,the first aboubtr. ..easune rss, „bie other
archive for philosophical projects, through which" other other items .
ready to be printed, are unfortunately'pushed into the background.
A'prime disturbance came about by myvchange ir domicil\because i get

the library only slowly into order.. Enclosed you get a: print-out

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Leonhardi w-

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June 19,.1857

about "Leonhardia". Where these assumes thorn=-shrubs grow, I do not

then: bring me one.
Best gree tings te Julilussand all the 10985 „..........

Your old friend Leonhardi‘

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Rec..Sept..5 1867 H. Leonhardi Pram, Aug. 7,186%
Ans. Jan”.27 1868 Wenzelsplatz 80%

Dear Georg |!

Ifwröote to yon omSert..17 of jast yearz But, until today, 3
hoped in vain for a few lines from youy and equallwin vaim did I
expect your friend Palmy who promised us 13 yearzback',to come agaim
to Prague. Did he flee back into the american’ peace due to the eu-
ropaeam scoldings ?”For some time B raun page notice, that you
would come over this Fall\ now he writes, that onlyv your son will
come to study in Berlin. I’had alreadythousht. of giving you spe -
cial pleasure by accompying you to two collections of Cactus, the
one, younger,; of Dr. Jan, Hnerke (Henko, Hanke 797% E „D.)\the other,,
older and richer, of Mr. Franz: Seitz, who, until we moved’ to our new
place,,was our esteemed and obliging next neishbour.. I made him eager,,
that he could obtain from yowione seed’ from those items,which he is
missing, respectivelyvfrom each species, He declares,to get enoueh
from one seed, as he äbes not plant it into soil, or, if no seed,

a small plant,regardless how tiny.-He is very practical with small
plants, and kept things alive and to flowering,which perished in
other europaean collections.. I admonished him, to list the items
missing to him,. and so he did as per enclosure,.:He says, that these
include many, which" were given to the Court-seed-trader Baumann im
V ienna byvPenzi (Fonz1,??? E.D.),who got them from yow but with

them all perished’ with exception of Wibligeri.. Thus, He had to rely:

on your kindness..

Hopefulty’you will get this letter in time, to send the desi-
red seeds and pieces with Mr. Georg, as far as you can provide then..
The collection of Seitzris more than 6,000 specimens, and he may be
able to help you with the other missing itenms,even if you are al-

vecas
ea a super-rich Cactus Croesus.. If you can make use of the 'st=
vo mars

mens. (I am not sure, that

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which I enclose, I do not know. Up to now, I have not had before my

& |
eyes the specific eassay of which Braun wrote,. it cannot be gottenm

here. Do give your Georg if possible such seedlings along of Salix

(niger ?),who'se first leaflets look like Sysimbrium

Julius we have not heard from just about a year and a dayw
I’ am much occupied with my lectures to a larger,very grateful! pub-
lic, Since Növ. 20 of last year | give every Tueday a course in the
the philosophy of Life (( Law of Survival amd the Life Task of Huma-
nity))wherein I also enter into the critique of our circumstances..
By the end of August I will finish this.. Since a quartef year I ©
conduct each wednesday evening from 6 to 7:30 in the outer .....»
where we have a small hall! a course about sensibilityvto a maturing
public of both sexess; As manyvlisteners,male and female are on trips,
there are now only about 30 participants. During the wintwe I shall!
hold this lecture in the university bullding,as preparation:for the
Prague public for the philosophic assembly convoqued next year in
Prague. I lead the discussiom and have myself strong parliamentary’
role in It,,

If I get to make a trip during the vacatiom, Ildo not yett know..
as I.want to get my lectures ready for printing, so that they may
influence the outside. May-be I come to Berlin anyhow,if Braun is
not awayü

As I give my opinions to all parties-in the Tuesdayrlecture,s
pointedlyvbut not offensivelyvand in a dienified wayyI Nope to be
considered'generallyv.

published in the last 13 years

Very interesting were for me the dissertations[by Nageli about

the influence and lack of influence of soils on plants species,.,

about species formationy Darwinien theories, etc..

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Leonhardi - 3.5 Aug. 7,. 1862

In contrast to Darwin,whom he ’'mentions only as befuddled,,
he maintains, to have examined the battle for existence more care -
fully; holding fast to the eternity of species (the plamof creation)),
geradual
and declares that the /formatiom of types not caused’byv local,exter-
nalldevelopments, but that new species: form througkr the path of
group-formation (verbatim:: society-formation, E+D,.) end through re-
Striotedi or@es pollinatiom .Thus, this is in contrast with the exis-
ting; ascendingscharacterr o& gr@bp-formatiom, ‚and has Dear
ced already by Kruse (Krause ? E.D.) in his "Urbild der Menschheit"
(Beeinninz of Humanity) 1810, ,and proverr concerning the types of fa-
milles, :tribes,, people, and races.. It is beautiful, that‘ Narelii has
come to the same law entirely independentliy’in the treatment of’ the
Fleureria (???? E.D.). ITmentioned this in the Inly Ahr ef this
year of the magazine Lotos,. - ;
of a species

One and the same form /can exist" as a bastard of two species
growing there, or as type of another species, but independent,local,.
Sreated by through one-sidedness of the onen ocle min.)

Even Krause distinguishes and so does Nageli species, which im
their majority form a total contrast, and other species, which, not
being bastards (or, at leat, don't have to be ) must be designated
according to their appearance as form=species of a number: of species,,
rather‘ interim"steps or interim' members of these principal species...

This letterrgoes by opportunity toö.the coast and is just being
picked up; I must close, greeting you and-all your loved ones,and we
hope that vou will come next year arain over here,

Your old friend v, Leonhardi

(translated from German script by Edgar Denison, Jan. 1989)

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Rec. Oct. 6 Leonhardi Prague, Sept. 9,1864
Ans. Jul. 31,1865

Dear Georg |!

Jüst about to depart for Pletz,where a meeting of all represen-
tatives for a discussion of our affairs; from there hope to be back
in 8 days ( the German equivalent of "1 week"),and, if I then do not
find urzent business here, I will go to the meeting of Naturalists
in Hessen, because this is on the way between Frankfurt,Heidelberg
Gottingen and Berlin,which I would like to visit from Leipzig and
Dresden,to greet friends during this vacations. -— I write specially
today to anounce to you my nephew,Dr.med.Otto Kraus and his young
wife from Prague, and to ask you and your dear wife,to receive them
kindly, if the time permits,and, if they need, to assist them kindly
with good council;if the ask for it.It is perhaps a daring step for
ae doctor to go straisht to North America. He did not ask my
opinion. You will soon know, where you stand with hims He will have
to eet all kinds of experience. That as a radical German he does not
eare for the southern farmers,will be obvious to you and not keep
go into foreien countries, and chose now Jeffersohn City (sic,E.D..)
as new domicile,where last year his uncle,Dr. Ludwig Kraus died sud-
denly, leavinf a widow and 3 children,and,where also an uncle of his,,
I believe, as baker,lives.Also a cousin of his,I believe,lives now
in St. Louis as a tin worker.May he set roots well. The wife you may
like.He is much interested in plants and is a collector. But, a real
botarist he is not by now.. Perhaps, this gives you basic points of
reference. A new booklet about the Austrian developmental morphoge-
netic viewpoint,which was completed recently,I have sent to Julius
for you. If however he has not sent it vet,he can certainly eet an-

other,and I eive now a copy and several print-sheets to

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Leonhardi' - 2 - Sep. 9.1864

my nephew. Throush your various, kind mailings about Cacti, Coni-
fers, ‚ete,you gave me much joy and obliged me to
say thanks. When the occasion offers itself, you may want to
share the and some coniflters in natural state, as

well as the promised, strange Labiacotyle ( ? E.D.),.

1ittle plantlets. Your Nelumbiae of very old strangeness, has
been translated by Dr. Kraus for the publication Lotos and will
be printed risht away. The corrections about the Myriophytae

have my thanks; the smaller, which you designated as verticil-

lata ,„ by the way, accordine to fruits and stamens seens to be the
same, the root strucure may be somewhat divertinge.
Scientific pamphlets can apnaren ee to you and from

you by X-band ? Or, must it be journals ?°

I was during the summer so overburdened, that I did not get
to . Now he is aways When he comes back I shall ask
him about the Mastodon tooth, and remind himrof a exchange »ift.

You look at the question of the conflict there (1.e. the Civil!
War, E.D.) from the emancipation- (‘I am not sure,that this trans-
lation is correct. E.D.),.and that from"the agriculture. But there
is also a religious,humane viewpoint,which, without being imprac-
tical, and without recognizing the relatiw imbalance,nevertheless
comes to somewhat other conclusions as to the related balance and
other subjects,

May you in these battles be involved as little as possible..
I and my wife, who greets you with me, would be delischted to get
good news from you and vour som. Stay well, Your old friend

H. Leonhardi

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Leonhardi - 0m Sep. 9,.1864
That your Julius brousht us happiness in the spring, . though
it was still winter, for a few days,.he will have written to you,

and we thousht of you in friendship.. The Ceratophylium, which I

desienated as Engrelmanrii, is after all! demersum.

Could you not prepare a lecture or write-up about Ceratophyllae_?

I have gotten some interest in the Choraceae ..May-be he can visit
a place near St. Louis, where there are some. He will most likely:
ship out on the 17 th,but, perhaps not until Oet. 1. Of american
Choraceae I have nothing at all,with exception of a form of poly-

phylla ; because your at the museum, has been terribly

destroyed, prior to my getting to see it...... ( I cannot decipher
the next line. E.D.). There are only broken pieces without any cha-

racteristics.

(translated from German script by E. Denison, January 1990)

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Rec. Jan. 1,1868 Leonhardi Prag, Dee. 15,1867

Ans. Jan. 27

Dear Georg ! An old friend knocks at the door and wishes you'a happyv
New Year (in German: Prosit Neujahr) !. Thoush I am without answer
from yeu for my letter of Sept. 18 of last year and Aüg. 7 of. this
vear,you do send me at times most interesting printed matters. I an
also present throush my photosraph, which you must have received long
ago throush-Jiullus. But I write again, as an O©pportuni:y DEREN
itself,to reply to all kinds-0of eorreetiens In ny Her ei umalrhich

I am indebted to youyin a somewhat different,really paleontologicall
botanical way. I: just received a of pit-coal! (German: Stein-
kohle = Hard Coal,E.D.) plants from the area of mire Sternberg, though
not from the same mine as those from Prof. Gomintz (? E.D.) in Dres-
den, who identified them“ Included are outstanding specimens,which the
deceased‘' Mattaeus,who saw them at my home, found of great interest,,
but the war then made a shipment impossible,and then he died. Here

is the index:

Calomites cannaeformis Schl.
Sphenophyllum saxifraraefolium

Sphenopteris elegans Bet. sp. for postscript
Hymenoph'yllite forcatus Bel. sp. inserted here,,
Spheropteris muricata Schl. see page N

Gathliles Miltone sp. Artis RD.
plamoasus Art, sp.
dentata Bet.

Alethopteris pteroides Bet. sp.

Llongifolia Bresl
erosa Gulhb

Sagenaria rimosa St.

dichotona St,
obovata St.
aculeata St.

Stiemaria ficoides Bet,

Noeggerathis foliosa St,

I’received these items once,when my niece Trudi,who died last year,.

adukes Y ED.
Several items are in duplicates, some more [even many,such as Cya -

tibes Miltoni. If you want those items as a present to a museum,,or,.

JE BR RE DE DE HE RE HE u
| SERBERN: | | PR
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Leonhardi | - 2 - DEO6.:13,.41867

if you can use them as exchange material\,then let me only know,,
how I am to address themyif directly to St. TLouis,or to somenody"
in Hamburg or Bremen,or . to Julius in Frankfurt,if they should be ad-
dressed to your cabinet,and if or how much freisht I am supposed to
pay. The entire box weishs 42 Zoll-pounds. If you do not want all!
(onlyva few pleces,. of which there are many I ae ke...
keep myself. I have hardly use) ,and, thus, the weight will be less.
I could however’ enclose several pieces of Chondrites antiquus Gip -
pert,which occur frauently here near Prazue..

At this opportunity I remark, that, upomquestioning at the 10-
cal museum I was told, that, except a shipment of plants Dy vyou,,
nothing has ever arrived. With the plant, there was supposed to be a
package for me, but it has never been received. Either is has been
mislayed, or,by mistake, its content emierated into the museum,

In my letter of August 7 I’ wröte you about Mr. F. Seitz here,.
if you could not get him a seed-corn of one or another rare cactus
species,which he mentioned to you. He will gladly. pay. fer your ex -
penses. I believe, the man deserves,that his eagerness be recognized..
He is very successful in the production of strange bastards,and has
raised a ereat number of these and continues to do so. He intends to
print a catalogue, he is also successfull'with plants,always after
somethine rare. From A'’#raun he heard last (from our friend Julius
I have since spring of last year no letter): in a year you come per-
haps yourself (about your Georg, if he did get to Berlin actually, I
have also no news), thus we hope,to be able to accomodate yon as
euests, and you will’enjoy the cacti at our neiechbour..

Hopefully, you have been well since then. We ourselves are well.
My public lectures for a laree public I combine this winter with
Conversation. They take place every Friday evening from 63 - 8 o.c.

and about 130 of both: sexes take part. It is a preparation for the

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assembly of philosophersin the wider sense of the word,which is
supposed to be here in the fall! (after the Naturestudy assembly,.
which will be in Dresden).

My sister Marie has had a stroke in the beginning of September „,
and has been paralized on the entire riecht side, .but has already re-
covered so far, that she makes-already the decisions about the house-
hold, ‚but is still! weak, and becomes confused, wher different! demands
come simultaneously..

Do.not forget,to let me have those strange seedlines,which' ‚T' be-
leave, belong to Lölia nigra (Eelia,L36lia, Dälia 777 E.D.),which,
at first sisht could be taken as 37 ‚as you then said.
I do not know, if: Tdrew your attention in my last letter from Ne-
opolis to a published essayrabout Dane N nsy .and what is connec-
ted with it. |
I6 was printed last war by Gar... ;» but published only
now in the festival issue of the German Hochstift for the 50 Year
Jubilee celebratiomof the Nature study Society of Emden:s: Wasser &
Sonnenschein (Water and sunshine) ‚which is very rieh in beautiful]
observations in physical zoological and botanical’areas. Should vou
not have this,try to borrow it..
This summer E! was most agreably surprised by a thick package of
scandinavian ‚ with which the Swedish botanists,

Wahlstadt and Nordstadt wanted to encourage me to make some studies.

| The following 7 lines have a hole cut out in center
page, and are therefor not tranlatable. E.D..

Erz

Today I have with my (blank space),who greets you friemily,.
seen the summer trip of Franz Holzlihuber to New York,and from there
through the Niagara ( sic ! E.D.) to Lake Michigan and Mississippii with
great interest..

Finally, I want to express my joyvin your manysided’ scienti-

EEE EN HE RE

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Leonhardi ne Dec. 15,1867

flccactivities and admiration-in your youthful strensth,pro -
Vere
ving itself thereim and the many items, which you constantly zea&
about Bee, which must be found; written, ‚printed and corrected, If TI
had the physical endurance, and were the day three times as Jong, I
too would work industriouslys But now, even the preparations for
this go too slowly.

Eopefully, you will soon respond with an exhausting reply.

Your old fridsa
Hermann Leonhardi'

Insert from page 1 in very smallihandwriting::

Just as I wanted to seal I received very sad news about Karl
Shimper through Miss Wohlmann,who tended him (in Schwetzingen), Due to
fear from a serious injury (hit with a stone on the riecht arm ir the
dark, whose perpetrator the court of investigatior in Baden could not
determine, though one has ideas and points with fineers to subjects)
he suffers nervousness of the worst kind and has become carefull
The mishap or fate caught himas he was just completing the manuscriptt
of an important work,from which he may now be prevented. Won't you
put an article about it in the local paper,an admonition to the Baden
court, and an appeal to the friends of the Soclety,to contribute mo-
ney to protect the last days of his life,of the greatest scholar of

our time, and, throush enough care perhaps save his life.

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Rec. May 23, 1868 Leonhardi | Prag Mav 22,1%68
Ans. Jum12
Dear Georg !

Today I received your dear lines and the shipment from Braun,
for which I’ say thanks in the meantime. T’ do plan a dissertatiom
about your question, wherebyvmaterialism is destroyed, and Love
and Decency play a role (! just as with the man with the leader
feet,the hands of glass,.and legs of straw-blades).. Butt, today
\bı18 already past 9 in the evening. I must still’'runrand pack,
because tomorrow I travel to Dresdemwhere I have business for
several days in the environment; .before that to "OLeyvBrankfurt®,
(I’assume this quote refers to Frankfurt on the Oder as opposed
to Frankfurt on the Bir E .„D.)) At Teast IL should tell some
things to Seitz,whom I had cone to seeme riecht away today. You wilN
have to consider, If you must come now. You are welcome as guests.
One would have to use then every free quarter hour better. By
the way, Seitz too invites you,who dwells at an angle across from
me,to his home. I cannot depart from here for Whitsuntide ‚because
a brochure, an invitation to the meeting of philosophers is very
close (‘and about which the newspaper for North Germany will bring
or has already brousht a very stimulating article of a French
een nnue sun e=ı bhe word reads "Prsrersanne imost necessar-
ly a proper name,E.D.). I have taken leave this semester,to be
able to be entirely free for the assemblyx Later, I hope to fly
away, also to Frankfurt. My wife ereets with me,

Your old Freind L,

(translated from German script by E. Denison, May 1989)\

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Hermann Leonhardi Prag Dec. 31, 1871

Dear George I!

I would hate liked to write an entire series of letters,which
since azes have always been delayed, but the time for that is no more,.
only a few are still possible, and thus I will zreet the old friend of
our youth, as I wanted already, when our dear Julius was torn from us
so unexpectedly,. Hopefully, you are strong with your beloved ones,,
and has time for scientific activities. I was taken with” German mea-
sles and water blisters simultaneously last summer and remained very
weak for a lonz time. Slowly I reßain streneth arain,, Thus it happened,
that during the last year I brought forth only one volume of "die neue
Zeit" (The new Time,E.D.),which was ready for print before. By the way,,
the enterprise is newly secured, I shall!iget the volume to you. There
are in it from the handwritten posthumous items of Krause teaching
questions about the commandments of humanity and about the belief of
humanity,which have already been translated into 4 laneuares. Recent-
1y the depth, clarity, and strict logic of Kause was underlined im
the New York weekly "Methodist",in which his works, "New Critique of
Reason" and the "Knowledge of God" were recommended for study for
those interested in philosophyvas the part of philosophy:'leadinge to
the hishest limits of science..- You'have in St.Louis a widely dis-
tributed philosophical publication; up to now mostly in the vein of
Hegel. . For whitsuntide we had a meetine in Dresden (where I caueht
the sickness) for the founding of the Allgemeine Erziehungsvereim
( General Society for Education,E.D.): it was a philosophical con-
g£ress in minlature.. Most likely is the reason for all this,that I
TERelvVea iron Vonn „oe secretary an annual report about
the education systen ( a thick volume in Enelish) ‚and recently from
St. Louls a volume of an annual report in German. Of course, I have

only been able to scan the material'on the surface..

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Dec. 31,1871

D
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Leonhardy' | u

But „ they interested me much. In the new year I face two kinds
of labour,. which pertains to Natural Science: 1) a renort about
Hörine's .,.... ‚writing: Memory as general function of organized

painting 2) an enlargenent of my work about the Austriar

Pare 2 of the oririnal letter

Not a new German edition, ,but an enlarsed first Spanish one. I
had been informed by letter from there, that they wanted to translate
the writing,and that gave me the initiative,to undertake the en -
larged planyfor which Braun encouragzed me..In Spain generally there
is progress; my deceased pupil del Rio left a school‘ and professors
as a living monument to Krause. In Germany, the old Prussian emard
18 terminal;but a young succession is forming,specially in Saxony.

Seltz received in the last two years much damage throush
storms and bad winters,but of the M.Palmeri V (?) some specimens have

survived; the Pert aborieinorum (? E.D.) was raised from seed from

Strassburg and is alive. If Seitz will stay here after his affairs
have improved by the sale of his mother's house,or, if he will!imove
to relatives to Augsburg, as he contemplated earlier, I do not know,
As far as I know, he has not yet received the copy of your work on
Cactus,which you had him expect,.

Braun, thoush he has become again stroneer in the last vears,,
has lost much Time throush Ihe un... nn. and durine winters
he suffers from disturbine 1y severe colds. If he only would leave
all his alleotria and »...:.. plants and seeds would leave with .....
and would bring his rich material of Choroceae to a con-

clusion. Please encourare him to this, when you write. While I wish
him a lonez life,should he die soon,who would establish the work of

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Leonrhardi _ 7 - Dee. 31, 1871

Where is Palm"? I met him several times at the inn"table in
Dresden „ where he wanted to stay a number of weeks; but, throneh
my sickness I was unable, to write to him in time about various
items, and now I have no address. Can you provide this 7°

Hopefully, you tell me soon, what you do and how you are. My
wife greets you with me, wishing you the best for the New Year.

Your old friend

Hermann Leonhardi

(translated from German script by E.Denison, March 1990 )

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Ree\ Jan. 17 Leonhardi Smichpow in Bohenia
Ä Dec. 31. 1893

October 17,almost 1% days after coming back from the Worl4a'!s

Fair,where besides others were fine specimens ofWebwitschia:

mirabilis, of course dried up.*) As to color of the species, it

is at the most one of the 50 - 80 types of maximum lazyness,which
mankind understood as a similar number of types,and just as many
more, which it did not understand, one type approachinge the other
in a greater degree, the other in a lesser. The mixture of such
types’ composites depends on individuality. *) In one of the
north-american cases of butterflies was found a bat.

As to the development of humarity,which we experience, this is
gress andfreedom of the spirit is being protected by the equally
reactionary.infallible and docmatis prussian emperor Wilhelm..This
attitude is obviously in the interest of the latter, and there is no
other representative of the unstoppable progress in existence.. I am
curlous, what position the present crownprince will take, when the
old one dies. As to the French, they are not as low at all, as the
German chauvinists declare, but they take the proper advantare from
their mishap, their defeat. It is the o14 vanity and desire,thin-
king of revengze and giving themselves more into the hands of the
priests (the German Pfaffe is somewhat deragatory for the clerey,E.D.)
because they hoped to get their republic through them.. They are to
be regrretted,that such a dishonourable, happy majority of shop -
keepers, who do not become the accepted voice of the people,and that
thus Mac Mahon has the power over them,and they become a play-ball
between the followers of Orleans ard Napoleon..

Rome plays va banque ; he who thinks to be the winner,deceives

himself. The public opinion agrees only on this, that the time of

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the old church regime and dogmatism has passed‘, and that they
must return to the religion of Christ, back behind the _chr 1s-
tianity of the apostels. Prussia have the clergy'( see above about
"Pfaffen", E.D.) to orgarize (because lacked insigeht),
it should have encourased from the very beginning the old- ca -
thollc courage. Now it will have to ficht throush awful battles.
Most surprisinz was for me,that the recently’'published
volume by Brockhaus,the posthoumus volume by’Kraus " Lectures
about jurisprudal philosophy" was being reviewed most favorably
and recommended by the "Northgerman Allgemeine Zeitung", which
formerly promoted our efforts ( on the 2rnd page of No. 28& of
Sept. 7). The strange concept of Krause of Law and the notion of
law were way ahaed of his time,and, for that reason received only
recognition of late;it correäponäs to the requirements of our
PFISSIAN
time. - Up to now the /state was the embodyment of the old-roman
. based on Lycurgus ( ? R.D.) Hegellan concept of state,wherein
the state Is all to all! One seems to comprehend from the recent
battles, that Soclety is also something,and the state and the
chirch only organs of societys That, however, is the doctrine of
faced with the took his
Krause, to which also mister Hasmer,: a8 khz= concordat, SXXkahzd
refuge,when he bicame mirister, but who remained Heselian as long
as he remained professor in Prarue. As with Krause's turring to
the rieht (translatiom can be questioned, E.D.) so also kas the
" neue Zeit" with it's practical-idealistic and also unpractical!
effoortei' more and more acceptance in theologrical as well as peda-
gocic circles.. Unfortunately. I did not get to the assemblinge and
printing of the pamphlet thanks to all the allotrias of the year..
Just write to me, which pamphlets you are missing, and I shall

send then..

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The lack of housing drove me now from Prarue. I live now in

a suburb, which, however, has a independend post office,,and also
and mountain watter supply has.. It does not have a

moving tax, but everythinz here is more expensive and poorer than im
Prague,which does have a moving tax. We have to send there to the
market. Though we live close to the royal gardem,we suffer from fac-
tory smoke and Ehrondk that fog from the Moldau with incresed: dark
ness.. In the last winter my eyes tired’ becoming less able to work
than earlier. May-be it is the increasine age..In March I will be 65
vears old. Also the heat of the past summer affected me in two ways,,

while Roder in Heidelberg,who is 2% years older than I,felt quite at

time to recuperate.. The visit of the Viennese World Exhibit throueh
14 days was also an effort, as were two visits to Dresden (together
almost 4 weeks) in the school of Kraus and the Allgemeine Erziehungs-
verein (: General Club for Edusation) ».......... Asse sehile
packing books it was un to 22 Reaumier in the room, 24-25 Reaumier
outside until 7 to B in the evening.so that one could not fing any
relief earlier in the open.. Often I had to lie dom without moving,.
and without being able to read. One should not wish such a moving on
anybody.. That you feel at home in your new domicile,and that Mr.
Georg has now also moved in with you, made me very happy.

Of Frankfurt I can tell you sone thines, thoush I have not
been there this year. They have now an Kaiserstrasse (Emperor Street).
From the Hirscheraben to that one leads a "Bethmanstrasse", from the
Gallenstrasse runs a "Kirchenstrasse".. Our Konrad’ celebrated recent-

ly his 40th anniversaryı of his nomination as preacher,but very
quietly..

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To beein with, he has asthma and and suffers from gasto-intes-
tinal problems, therefor also sufferine from heart and filibrations.
He forewent in favor of Stritz the seniority (position ? E.D.),which
he could have obtained now. Obviously it would be good for him,to let

himself be pensioned. He could be mentally alert and become useful ir

will not renounce the source of an inconme.. That Ludwie's sonisa
professor in Leipzie,and that thanks to brilliant lectures he has many
Students, you have probably heard already.. About 88° ladies from Frank-
furt have formed an associatiom, following the example of those from:

Kassel, to brine dowm the usuriously inflated prices at the market.

lady Americans). When they first got torether,there appeared uninvited!
also the market huxters,who wanted to decide their problem with blows,
but at the end, they had to retresat. - Besides that I know nothing
from there with exception, that the updating of the Frankfurt phile-
sophical community’shows itself, in that for 3 years already Roder has
been invited by the by commercial organizations in Frankfurt,Offen-
bach, Mainz, Worms,Speier and Mannheim,and even in his birthplace
Darmstadt,to hold lectures every winter. - In Darmstadt I lost during
the summer my old friend, the theologian Krug throush typhoid.

My work on Chorarom (?? E.D.) I cannot get to,and cannot even
think about now. Would only Brauer ( from whom I had almost simulta-
neously with Drunnen news from Berlin) bring his end to termination.
He is now again stronger,but at an age, when he could be gone sudden-
ly. In fact, I learned only on the last day we were there, that a Mr.
William Palm was living in a section of the city much removed from
my domicile. There is not enough time left to convince me, If it was

nenne fe AMDORE en enanne TA nat accept) ,as both are

now dead..

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Leonhardi - 5 — Dee. 31,1873

Did you observe Nicolaus Salmeron ? He isa pulipi of
Del Rios and professor of philosophy at Madrid, now also president
of the Cortes and earlier minister president, who succeeded as such
to unrite the different parties against the Karlistes and Communists,,
and, thus, save Spain. As saviour he was riehtfully celebrated,,
and as a statesman;who proved himself several times by resiening
from the ministry. There are more followers of the Kause school! in
the sparish ministry and throush work of the apostles the entire
teachinz system of Spain is being formed in the Krause spirit. They
also work throush him, to separate Spain from Rom without gettine
into proletarian dogmatics. Salmeron introduced already several years
ago moral lessons for children below 10 years and did not eliminate
these studies while minister-president. There are a dozen students
of Del Rios, who work closely together, besides many others, who,.
however,,are being occupied more by political party instincts. Of
the spanish edition of Krause's "Urbild der Menschheit" ( Base pic-
ture of humanity) already 5 editions have come out..His synapsis
of aesthetics has already appeared in the 2nd spanish translation.-
Unfortunately, a very gifted of the 12 apostles, Thomas T......
professor of philosophy at Madrid, died recently. I had repeatedly
spiritual grandfather, as del Rio was my pupil.-

But now to botany. Specially my best thanks for the inte-

resting little plants of Arceuthobeum pusillum;which arrived quite

well preserved.- Unfortunately, I did not get the study about
Yucca, which would interest me much.- From Seitz, whom I have not

seen since moving, but who should still be here, letters for you

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Leonhardi - 5. Dee. 31,1873

must have been lost.. The one mailed to me with the seeds did arrive
( April 22, 1870) and the seeds were delivered to their address.The
" oerseee. Of the Moldau" was raised from seed from Strassburg and

not from yours, and the plants are quite stranee. I shared my Typha-

cea on Spargreia with the botarist Rohrbach, who does work with then,

for his use. The packet received back after his death,I inspected
only after some time and all the Spargonia are missing,;seven‘
the three I had from you,May be you can replace them for me. Should
you perhaps be in Frankfurt for the .......... conventiom,give ne a
call, in case I come there.. To the american you have probly given
another genus name ? - The Frasonian paper, mentioned by you.....
of botany may also be under my

papers and with it perhaps the number of the year. I will look:for
it some time. Now, they are still packed,

"What one wishes in one’s youth, one has abundandly in old age"
For over 30 years I searched for Lamium album with triple leaves.
Schurze tells me, that he has found it. Past summer in Dresden, on the
moat surrounding the large garden, even at sundown. In later searches

aan

I see a two-pointed leaf of Lamium.T immediately checked for triple-

leaves on the bush, and ‚yes, enoush of them and also 4,5, 6, and
divided (? E.D.) leaves and a lareer number of flowers. I packed all
this freshly together and sent it to Braun, who understands this bet.
ter than II. He said, the bush has had the cc... sickness. He will
give a lecture about it and communicate it in print. If some of the
lower ends,which he planted in order to continue the matter,took- hold,.
he has not told me. .Obviously, I did not destroy the bush,and so I

hope to confirm in the new year the (Gurol, ? E.D) sickness,if no

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Leonhardi - 1. Dec.31, 1873

ev&l fortune has has done it 1in..

I come to talk once more about mental lazyness. If you call
y ourself in genere auiltyythan you do yourself a great injustice.
There are few, who are as caring and many-sided as you,

You have not written anything about your sister. Hopefully,,
they are all doine well. If occasion offers itself, greet them from
us, as we greet you in friendship

In Dresden is now, thanks to Hohlfeld's activity teaching
of plants by Krause pupils (?E.D.) with steady teachers at the Real
school,seminaries and gymnasia (the German preparatory school for
universities,E.D.). This may determine to turn there when I retire.

fresher than
There is now a ftxssk sririt in schoolteachers at the uriversities „.
where they work mostly for exams and are out for rewards,politics
and moneyyand where they admire the spirit of the tines..
Now, a Happy New Year, and, please, a quick overcoming of

writer's laziness:! Your old friend
Hermann Leonhardi'

(deciphered and translated from German script by E. Derison
March 1990 )

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