— —
SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATIONS
AND
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ADVERTISEMENT.
The United States National Herbarium, which was founded by the
Smithsonian Institution, was transferred in the year 1868 to the
Department of Agriculture, and continued to be maintained by that
department until July 1, 1896, when it was returned to the official
custody of the Smithsonian Institution. The Department of Agri-
culture, however, continued to publish the series of botanical reports
entitled “Contributions from the United States National Herbarium,”
begun in the year 1890, until, on July 1, 1902, the National Museum,
in pursuance of an act of Congress, assumed responsibility for the
publication. The first seven volumes of the series were issued by the
Department of Agriculture.
RicHarDd RATHBUN,
Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution,
in charge of the United States National Museum.
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
VOLUME XII
SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATIONS
AND
BIBLIOGRAPHY
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1908-1909
NOTE.
The ten parts of Volume XII of the Contributions were issued as
follows:
Part 1, pages 1 to 94, April 28, 1908.
Part 2, pages 95 to 112, May 20, 1908.
Part 3, pages 113 to 158, June 18, 1908.
Part 4, pages 159 to 170, October 6, 1908.
Part 5, pages 171 to 182, January 27, 1909.
Part 6, pages 183 to 258, March 23, 1909.
Part 7, pages 259 to 302, April 12, 1909.
Part 8, pages 303 to 390, April 23, 1909.
Part 9, pages 391 to 412, May 10, 1909.
Part 10, pages 413 to 456, July 21, 1909.
IV
Ve
PREFACE,
The present volume of the Contributions from the United States
National Herbarium is made up of ten originally separate parts, com-
prising twenty-five papers in all.
The first part consists of a catalogue of the botanical library of
John Donnell Smith, presented by him in 1905, together with his
herbarium of more than 100,000 specimens, to the Smithsonian Insti-
tution. The library contains some 1,600 bound volumes, consisting
chiefly of works relative to systematic botany, and being especially rich
in works relating to Mexico and Central America. For the present,
the library is to remain in Baltimore, but Captain Smith has placed
his books freely at the disposal of botanists.
Not only have the books been selected with great care, but they are
all in conspicuously handsome bindings. It is doubtful if there is
any public or private botanical library of its size which can equal
it in value from either the scientific or the artistic point of view.
A simple but appropriate book plate has been designed and printed
and placed in each volume.
It is believed that the catalogue will be of interest and practical
value to many botanists. It is the work of Alice Cary Atwood, cat-
aloguer in the office of the botanist, Department of Agriculture.
The arrangement is by authors.
The second part comprises three short papers, the first two by
Mr. Henry Pittier. From 1887 to 1903 Mr. Pittier resided in Central
America, devoting a large part of his time to the study of its flora.
He made extensive collections and published various botanical papers.
Since coming to Washington, in 1903, Mr. Pittier has continued his
study of this flora, and in the two short papers herein offered he pre-
sents some of the results.
The third paper is a report by Mr. J. R. Johnston, of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, upon a collection of plants obtained by Capt.
Wirt Robinson and Dr. M. W. Lyon, jr., in Venezuela. Mr. John-
ston was asked to determine these species because he had himself
collected in that country and was somewhat familiar with its flora.
The collection, though a small one, proves to contain five new species,
and this paper, like many others in the Contributions, emphasizes
the richness of the tropical American flora.
VI PREFACE.
The third part embodies the results of an. investigation by Prof.
A. S. Hitehcock, Systematic Agrostologist of the United States
Department of Agriculture, under the title, “Types of American
grasses: a study of the American species of grasses described by Lin-
neus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz, and Michaux.”
This paper is an important contribution to our knowledge of Ameri-
can grasses, from the nomenclatorial point of view. It is regarded as
practically a necessity in the critical systematic investigation of any
group of plants that the identity of the species described by earlier
authors be determined with certainty. Often this identification can
be made only by examining the type specimen, the original descrip-
tion being inconclusive. Under the American code of botanical
nomenclature,® which has been followed by the author of this paper,
“the nomenclatorial type of a species or subspecies is the specimen
to which the describer originally applied the name in publication.”
The procedure indicated by the American code, namely, to appeal
to the type specimen when the original description is insufficient. to
identify the species, has been much misunderstood by HKuropean
botanists. It has been taken to mean, in the case of the Linnean
herbarium, for example, that a specimen in that herbarium bearing
the same name as a species described by Linneus in his Species
Plantarum must be taken as the type of that species regardless of all
other considerations. In point of fact, the specimen preserved in
the herbarium of Linneus is often not the type specimen of the
species whose name it bears. Linnwus sometimes based a species
on the figure and description of an older author, but by mistake
placed in his herbarium a specimen belonging to a similar but distinet
species. He sometimes failed to preserve the specimen on which
one of his species was based, but later preserved some other specimen
incorrectly referred to the species. To consider such specimens
types would be quite contrary to the letter and the intent of the
American code.
An examination of the methods pursued by Professor Hitchcock
in locating and identifying the type specimens of American grasses
in European herbaria is earnestly commended to those botanists
who are not familiar with the method of types or who are opposed
to its application.
Opportunity was kindly given by various curators for the exami-
nation of specimens. Acknowledgment is made, however, to
B. Daydon Jackson, Carl A. M. Lindman, P. I. Lecomte, and A.B.
Rendle for special courtesies and assistance rendered by them in
facilitating the examination of colle Te tions in their charge.
a Printed i in Bull. Torr. ¢ Club 34: 167-17 1907.
Ly
PREFACE, VII
The fourth part consists of a paper by Mr. Henry Pittier on ‘‘The
Mexican and Central American Species of Sapium.”’
During the past few years much study has been bestowed upon
plants which furnish the rubber of commerce. This has shown that
many of these are unknown botanically, that those which have been
described have often been placed in wrong genera, and that the num-
ber of genera and species which may furnish rubber is likely to prove
much larger than has been supposed. It has been discovered not
only that several species of the genus Sapium produce a part of the
rubber of commerce, but that the genus is a very large one, and it
will doubtless be found that more of its species are capable of yield-
ing a satisfactory raw product.
Mr. Pittier’s paper on the species of Sapium of Mexico and Central
America is therefore, in view of the growing demand for rubber,
timely, and the contents are such as to make it an important contri-
bution to this subject. Most of the new species here proposed were
first studied by Prof. Karl Schumann, but his death occurred before
they had been published, or even manuscript upon them prepared.
Mr. Pittier has described the new species recognized by Professor
Schumann, together with two additional species distinguished by
himself, and has added, with appropriate notes, descriptions of two
already known.
Part 5 consists of a paper, also by Mr. Pittier, on ‘‘ New and Note-
worthy Plants of Colombia and Central America.’’ The plants
considered were selected from several collections which have recently
come into the possession of the United States National Museum.
These collections form a most valuable addition to the herbarium,
and their richness in new and rare species emphasizes the need of
still further field work in tropical America and the more extensive
study of the plants already collected.
A second paper by A. S. Hitchcock, entitled ‘Catalogue of the
Grasses of Cuba,” forms part 6 and is the result of an exhaustive
study of the material in the United States National Herbarium and
in the herbarium of the Estacién Central Agronémica de Cuba. It
was chiefly through the efforts of Mr. Carl F. Baker, who obtained
large collections in Cuba, that the specimens were made accessible
to Mr. Hitchcock. It is hoped that this paper will be followed by
similar ones upon other groups.
In part 7 Dr. J. N. Rose continues his “Studies of Mexican and
Central American Plants.’”’ This report varies little in style and
treatment from the five numbers which have already been published.
They all emphasize the botanical richness of the countries south of
the United States, and the importance of careful work by experienced
collectors.
VIII PREFACE.
Part 8 is occupied by a paper entitled “The Allionaceae of the
United States, with Notes on Mexican Species,” by Paul C. Standley,
now Assistant Curator in the Division of Plants, National Museum.
This was elaborated under the direction of Prof. E. O. Wooton, of
the Agricultural College of New Mexico, while Mr. Standley was
assistant professor in that institution. It embodies the results both
of field work and of a study of herbarium material from most of
the western herbaria, as well as the National Herbarium, and of all
the literature of the subject. Mr. Standley has aimed at a compre-
hensive and thorough treatment of the whole group, and has found
it necessary to establish several new genera and restore others not
recently accepted. The number of sheets studied belonging to the
National Herbarium was 1,068. Of the 50 new species here described
the types of 20 are in the National Herbarium, and others are repre-
sented here by duplicate types. The illustrations, except Plates
XXXIV and XXXV, are from drawings made by Mr. Standley
himself.
The ninth part contains eleven short papers upon new or note-
worthy plants. Of these the first ten, one by N. L. Britton and J. N.
Rose, the others by J. N. Rose, relate to North American plants,
chiefly Cactaceae and Crassulaceae from desert regions. The last
paper, by William R. Maxon, contains the description of a new fern
from China. This species was found in the Henry collection of
Chinese plants, a set of which is in the National Herbarium.
The final part is made up of miscellaneous papers, the first three
being continuations of studies published earlier in this series respec-
tively on the Cactaceae, Crassulaceae, and Apiaceae, prepared by
J. N. Rose, in collaboration with Dr. N. L. Britton, of the New York
Botanical Garden, and Prof. John M. Coulter, of the University of
Chicago. The last paper, by G. N. Collins, Assistant Botanist in the
Department of Agriculture, is an account of a remarkable develop-
ment in maize plants grown in a temperate climate from seed pro-
duced in the Tropics. It is a suggestive illustration of the effect of
environmental change.
J. N. Rose,
Acting Curator.
al
CONTENTS.
CATALOGUE OF THE BoTANICAL Liprary or JouN DONNELL SMITH, PRESENTED
IN 1905 TO THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION...............-.-.-.-.----------
THe LecyTHipacear or Costa Rica. By Henry Pittier....................
Tonpuzia, A New Genus or APOCYNACEAE FROM CENTRAL AMERICA. By
Henry Pittier..........0..000 00000 eee
A COLLECTION OF PLANTS FROM THE Vicinity oF LA GuaIRA, VENEZUELA. By
J. R. Johnston. 2... 2.2.2 ee cee eee ee eee
Types or AMERICAN GRaAssES: A StTupyY OF THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF
GRASSES DrscriIBED BY LINN®US, GRONOVIUS, SLOANE, SWARTZ, AND
Micuaux. By A. 8. Hitchcock.................20..0.2202020220000222200 000 ee
Introduction. 2.0... 0.0... ee eee
The American grasses described by Linneeus..............2....0.....-.-.
The grasses of Gronovius’s Flora Virginica................-...-.---------
The grasses of Sloane’s History of Jamaica......................22.......
The West Indian grasses described by Swartz... ....................2..
The grasses of Michaux’s Flora Boreali-Americana......................
List of new names and those replacing names in current use... ..........
THE MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF Sapium. By Henry Pittier.
Introduction.................2-2 2222022222 e eee bee eee eee
Descriptions of species... ....2...2...20-020-0-0 22022022
New ork Norewortuy PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. By
Henry Pittier...........2220.2... 222.2222 0022222 eee
CATALOGUE OF THE GRASSES OF CuBA. By A.S. Hitchcock. .............
Introduction.............2.-.-.-.22 22020222202
Key to the genera... .......2..222-2 22-0020 ee
Catalogue of genera and species................-.2.222----0020 022-22 ee
Grasses of Grisebach’s catalogue............0....22..022--2002-0.002-202--
Grasses of Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana... ..........0.-0..0...0..-..-.2--2--2--
Grasses collected in Cuba by Wright, arranged by numbers. .............
List of new genera and species and new names...................-.-...--
Srupres of MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLants—No.6. By J. N.
Introductory notes...... 2.2.22... 200000222
Cycadaceae. .. 2... eee
A new species of Dioon............20 002220 ee
Gnetaceae. 22.2... ee
A new species of Beaucarnea.............0.20000.2--5000-------22-.
A new species of Beschorneria..............-.-0...-.--5-0.-2------0--
Rafflesiaceae...... 00202202 ee eee eee
The North American species of Pilostyles. 2.2. .....0...0...-0........
IX
Page.
113
113
114
127
131
135
143
157
159,
159
164
171
183
183
185
190
246
250
254
257
259
259
260
260
261
261
261
261
262
262
262
xX CONTENTS.
Srupres oF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTsS—Continued. Page
Ranunculaceae. ..........2222222220000052220200200200-- cece eeeeeeeceee. = 265
A new Aquilegia from the high mountains... ...........2.22...-.-- 265
Capparidaceae............0.0. 00020 265
The Mexican species of Wislizenia...........0.22000.0.00.0.0.00.-22--. 265
Caesalpiniaceae. . 2.22.2... 222 eee 266
Two new species of Cassia....... 0000.00... 0 266
A new species and two changes of name in Chamaccrista............. 267
Viciaceae. 2... 2. 268
Vive new species of Brongniartia. 2. ........2....200.00....02.2...- 268
New species and new combinations under Cracea................--- 269
Three new species of Diphysa..........2.2-2-2-.--.-----.0.200...--2.. 27
New species and new combinations in Parosela.............2.2.2... 272
Miscellaneous new species............-.2.2-2225-2-0220-0 000002 e eee eee 273
Linaceae.........2. 22222222 eee eee 274
A new species of Linum................0.00..0..0.00.0.-0----002-0---5- 274
Rutaceae.... 22.2 eee eee 275
The genus Morkillia..................02.20.02.2.020.00220200200200000000-- 275
The Mexican species of Ptelea.............02.22...0.22.00000000200.. 276
The species of Taravalia. 2.2.22... 022. 20002202 2002200000202 0 0000-22. 277
Simarubaceae......-..2..2--. 202222200 eee eee eee ees 278
The Mexican species of Castela................2..-2-.-------------- 278
Additional species of Terebinthus...............2.2.0..0002-22202.. 278
Malpighiaceae........-.......00 00000020 eee eee eens = 279
Thryallis. 2.202.200.2020 eee 279
Euphorbiaceae................2.2.020 0220002022 281
A new combination in Cnidosculus and a new species of Mozinna..... 281
Celastraceae.........2-2.2-22. 20222 e eee eee eee eee BRB
Neopringlea and its two species..............-...------------------- 282
Two new species of Wimmeria........-....-.......-------.-2-2--0--- 282
Rhamnaceae............0.2-020202 2002002020022 283
Six species of Ceanothus, four new-............-2-..-.0..--...--020000-- 283
Vitaceae......2..2..222 22 eee 284
A new Cissus........2-2.22-2-222-0-02 00000222002 e ee eee 284
Tiliaceae.. 22.2.2... eee eee 285
Four new species of Triumfetta..............22-.000.00...........-- 285
Malvaceae..............--- De eee 286
Miscellaneous species..........0000000.2525000 0002020 ee 286
Loasaceae.... 2.2.2.2. 22 ee 286
Two new species of Eucnida...........002...202.020.22---.200..--22.- 286
Lythraceae.............2.22-222222 2020202 287
Six new species of Cuphea...............2...0---0-000-00000 0 ce eeee 287
Cactaceae....... 2.2.62. eee eee eee 290
Miscellaneous new species....................2222---2---20020 20 e ee 290
Onagraceae... 22.22... eee eee 293
A new species of Gaura and one of Lavauxia................-.-----. 293
The subfamily Lopezieac.......2..2.00002022.200 0200020000000 222 294
Reisenbachia..........2.2-2.2--0.22 220222 295
Diplandra.......2.2.....2..002202-.-2-000222-2-0-0-5-0-5--52-2200-0----- 295
Semeiandra............2.-2-22222..20222-2-2-5-2-555220-2-2-------- 295
Pelozia........-.-...0.-0-00 0000222 295
Pseudolopezia...........2--.22.02. 22222222222 296
Jehlia.......2......2.0.-0-0-0-02.-0-0 2-02-0200 297
Lopezia.... 22.2.2 ee eee 298
¥
CONTENTS. XI
Srupies or MexicaAN AND CenTRAL AMERICAN PLANtTs—Continued. Page.
Apiaceae. ... 2.20... 2.202222 eee eee eee eee ee ee eee eee 301
Anew species of Arracacia and one of Prionosciadium......--.-.-.--- 301
Tue ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH NOTES ON MEXICAN SPECIES.
By Paul ©. Standley............-.--------- +202 22-22 eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 303
Introduction........--.2.--- 22-22-2220 2 eee eee eee eee eee eee 303
Systematic treatment....--.-------- +--+ +--+ 22.2 eres eee ee eee eee eee 305
THOMPSONELLA, A New GENUS OF CRASSULACEAE FROM Mexico. By N. L.
Britton and J. N. Rose..............-2-----22---- 222222002 e ee 391
Reprscovery or EcHEvERIA CARNICOLOR. By J. N. Rose........-.--------- 393
New Species oF CRASSULACEAE FROM GUATEMALA. By J. N. Rose......... 395
Repiscovery or Cereus NuprrLorus. By J. N. Rose..........-..-------- 397
A Species or PereskraA FROM GuaTEMALA. By J. N, Rose........-..------- 399
New Species oF Opuntia FROM ARIZONA. By J. N. Rose.....-.-.---------- 401
EcHINOCEREUS BAILEYI, A New Cactus From OKLAHoMA. By J.N. Rose... 403
NopaLEA LUTEA, A New Cactus From GuATEMALA. ByJ.N. Rose........-. 405
Conzatria, A NEWGENUS OF CAESALPINIACEAE. ByJ.N. Rose...--.-------- 407
Two New Spectres or ACACIA OF THE SERIES FinicinagE. By J. N. Rose.... 409
A New SpLeenwort From CHina. By William R. Maxon.......------------- 411
THe GENUS CEREUS AND Its ALLIES IN NortH America, ByN, L. Britton and
J.N. Rose......2..22 222 eee eee 413
Introduction..............----.--020 0222022 e eee eee eee eee 413
Descriptions of genera with lists of species........-----------+---+-------- 414
Species of unknown generic relationship......-..---.---------+--+-------- 435
Five New Species oF CRASSULACEAE FROM Mexico, By J. N. Rose......-.. 439
SupPLEMENT TO THE MonoGrapPH OF THE NortH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE.
By John M. Coulter and J. N. Rose.....----------. +--+ 2+ +--+ +--+ +--+ 222 e eee 441
Introduction.............-.-------- 2-0-2222 eee ee tee eee 441
Bibliography......-..2...---- 22-22-2222 e eee eee eee eee 441
Genera and species.........2-020. 02222022 eee eee ee eee eee eee eee 442
ApoGamMy IN THE Maize Puant. By G. N. Collins..........------------+---- 453
PLATE I. Eschwerlera calyculata Pittier. 220.000.000.000 000000022 97
Il. Eschweilera calyculata Pittier...........2.0000000.022-0222-20--- 97
IL]. Fruit of Eschwetlera collinsii Pittier.......... ote eee cece cceee® 98
IV. Couroupita guianensis Aubl.............-- wee cece cece cee eeeees 99
V. Couroupita guianensis Aubl.................20 00200202 99
VI. Pyxidium of Lecythis costaricensis Pittier................ bee e sees 100 —
VII. Pyxidia of Lecythis costaricensis Pittier................2.02...... 100
VIII. Seeds of Lecythis costaricensis Pittier..............0..0...20.2.-. 100
IX. Tonduzia stenophylla (Donnell Smith) Pittier................... 104
X. Sapium pleiostachys Schumann & Pittier...............02...... 164
XI. Sapium anadenum Pittier.............0.000020220220002020-2-.-2-. 164
XII. Sapium mericanum Hemsl................2222---------------- 165
XIII. Sapium thelocarpum Schumann «& Pittier....................... 166
XIV. Sapium pedicellatum Huber...................----.---2-0200--- 166
XV. Sapium pittiert Huber ...................-.22000002 02-00 167
XVI. Sapium pachystachys Schumann & Pittier.....................-. 168
XVII. Sapium oligoneurum Schumann & Pittier....................... 168
XVIII. Myginda eueymosa Loesener & Pittier..........0.0.2..00.0.2.... 175.
XIX. Carpotroche platyptera Pittier................2-------.--0002... 178
XX. Beaucarnea goldmanti Rose........-....-.-0--5--5-0 00-0. 261
XXI. Pilostyles thurberi A. Gray... 2.220202 0 22 ee 265
XII. Mozinna pauciflora Rose........-........---5---22-----5-------- 282
XXII. Echinocactus palmeri Rose... 2.2.2... 000 20202-2022 290
XXIV. Opuntia azurea Rose...........0..-00-0-5-0-00000 00020 291
XXV. Opuntia lloydit Rose.............-2---..-0-0--0-000 000022222 292
XXXVI. Opuntia pyriformis Rose. ..........------------00-0-0---2222---- 292
XXVIT. Opuntia vilis Rose... 22.2.2... -2-2-00-0-5-0-0--5--5---- 2222 .. 293
XXVIII. Abronia insularis Standley....................0---.-----02000-- 312
XXIX. Abronia acutalata Standley and A. minor Standley ...........-. 312
XXX. Abronia breviflora Standley. ................0.0.000 2022-2 312
XXXI. Abronia variabilis Standley and A. sparsifolia Standley......... 314
XXXII. Abronia neurophylla Standley...............0.0 00000000 ee eee 314
XXXIII. Abronia platyphylla Standley................0.0.-0.-.20220000..--.. 314
XXXIV. Abronia covilleti Heimerl........-.-.....-2...-..-5.-------------- 316
XXXV. Abronia bigelovti Heimerl....................--.----5-------22-- 317
XXXVI. Abronia eralata Standley and A. turbinata Torr.................. 318
XXXVII. Abronia arizonica Standley and A. lobatifolia Standley.......... 319
XXXVIII. Abronia torreyi Standley. ................-.--.-.-2---------05- 320
XXXIX. Abronia ramosa Standley. ...............-.-.--.----2---------- 321
XL. Abronia glabrifolka Standley and A. orbiculata Standley ........ 321
XLI. Abronia nealleyi Standley and A. terana Standley ............-. 323
XLII. Abronia robusta Standley. ...............222...-.2-2-----.2.2-. 324
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATES.
Facing page.
XIII
XIV ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
Puate XLII. Abronia fendlert Standley..............-.--------2-2--------- 324
XLIV. Thompsonella minutiflora (Rose) Britton & Rose.....2.....-.-. 392
XLV. Thompsonella platyphylla Rose... 2... 022.0000 ee eee eee 392
XLVI. Echeveria carnicolor Baker.............5.-.-. 20000000222 ee 393
XLVI. Echeverta guatemalensis Rose..........22.2.--2-0--20-2--222+--- 395
XLVIII. Eeheveria maxonii Rose......... 2.222222 eee eee ee 395
XLIX. Cereus nudiflorus Engelm..........-0.2.000-25202000 0022022 398
L. Cereus nudiflorus Engelm......0000000000000002000000-002---- 398
Ll. Fruit of Cereus nudiflorus Engelm...............0.0...-.----- 398
LII. Pereskia autumnalis (Fichlam) Rose...........020-2.0222-.-.-- .399
LUI. Pereskia autumnalis (Fichlam) Rose............-.--.-.-------- 399
LIV. Fruiting branches of Pereskia autumnalis (Kichlam) Rose... ... 399
LV. A joint of Opuntia blakeana Rose. ........2.2.0.0500-0520-22--- 402
LVI. Echinocereus baileyi Rose. .... 2.2.2.2 2.2 eee ee ee 403
LVI. Flower of Echinocereus baileyi Rose...........-..05.02.-2----- 403
LVILI. Nopalea lutea Rose... 2.2.0.2. 2. eee 405
LIX. Conzattia arborea Rose....... 2-2... 002200 408
LX. Asplenium microtum Maxon............-.2...222222222222--- 411
LXI. Cereus jamacaru (L.) Mill......2..22.2222-0-0-.-------------- 414
LXII. Cephalocereus colombianus Rose... 2... 2.222022 2 eee ee eee 416
LXIII. Cephalocereus colombianus Rose... 2.222.002 2222 416
LXIV. Cephalocereus maronii Rose... 2.6 ee 417
LXY. Hscontria chiotilla (Weber) Rose........00.200022022222..-2---. 420
LXVI. Pachycereus chrysomallus (Lem.) Britton & Rose.........0...-. 421
LXVII. Lemaitreocereus griseus (Haw.) Britton & Rose........2......-. 425
LXVIII. Lemaireocereus mixtecensis (Purpus) Britton & Rose............ 4125
LXIX. Lemaircocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose...........2.-. 426
LXX. Lemaireocereus treleasei Rose... 2.2. ....22000000000 000.02 ee 426
LXXI. Lematreocereus weberi (Coult.) Britton & Rose... .......2...-. 426
LXXII. Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Mart.) Console............2.0..... 427
UXXIIL. Myrtillocactus schenckii (Purpus) Britton & Rose.......... 2... 427
LXAXIV: Peniocereus greggii(Engelm.) Britton & Rose.....22.2 02.2... -. 128
LXXV. Peniocereus greggit (Engelm.) Britton & Rose.......2........-. 428
LXXVI. Selenicereus macdonaldiae (Hook.) Britton & Rose. ............ 430
LXXVIIL. Echeveria bifurcata Rose..... 22.2.2... 2-02 ee eee 439
LXNXVIIL. Echeveria trianthinus Rose... ...........22..-2-02-----2-2---- 439
LXXIX, Sedum allantoides Rose... ............0-0-0-0 002020 eee 440
LXXX. Sedum compressum Rose. ........-..---2--------2----- 2-22 440
LXAXXI, Villadia levis Rose... 2.22.2... 222 eee 440
LXNXXII. Ligusticella eastwoodae C. & R22... 222222 ee 445
LXXXIII. Pseudocymopterus tidestromii C. & Revi... 2. ee ee 447
LXXXIV. Young plants and spikelets of apogamous maize. .......2..... 454
LXXXYV. Branch of tassel of apogamous maize...-.-. 2.2.2.2. ee eee 454
TEXT FIGURES.
Page.
Fic. 1. Fruit of Eschweilera collinsii. Longitudinal section. ................. 98
2. Stamens of Couroupita nicaraquarensis.............-.-22-2-----22--2-- 98
. 3. Fruit of Lecythis costaricensis. Longitudinal section.................. 100
4. Fruit of Lecythis costaricensis. Transverse section..................... 100
5. Stamen, pistil, and seed of Tonduzia parvifolia........................ 108
6. Fruit of Tonduzia parvifolia. ........0000. 00020020000 104
7. Flowers of Sapium pletostachys ..........-.--2-22- 000000000020 ee 164
—.
ILLUSTRATIONS, XV
Page.
Fic. 8. Flowers of Sapium anadenwin... 2.2.0.0. cece eee eee eee 165
9. Leaf, glands, and seeds of Sapium piltiert we eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 167
10, Leaf, fruit, and seeds of Sapium sulciferum........0...002.-220------ 169
11. Flower parts and tooth of leaf of Phyllonoma tenuidens.........2.....-- 172
12. Flower and flower parts of Phyllonoma triflora.........-2...2..20.-22- 178
13, Leaf and flower parts of [Hippocratea obovala..................-2------ 176
14. Leaf parts of Carpotroche glaucescens.......00..00000 0000202 ee eee 179
15. Flower and fruit of Carpotroche platyplera......000..0.00.2000022..2--. 179
16. Leaf parts of Carpotroche platyptera..........0000.020000 00000 eee ee 180
17. Flower parts of Carpotroche crassiramea........ 00.0.0. 00 2222 ee ee ee 180
18. Leaf margin of Carpotroche crassiramed.............2.0.002 0222222 181
19. Ovary and stamen of Aegiphila anomala..............002.....22222-- 181
20. Flowers of Pilostyles covillet..........00002.0.00.0020202-0020020 220022 263
21. Flowers of Pilostyles glomerata..... 2.0.0.0. 0000002 eee eee 263
22. Flowers of Pilostyles palmeri.........0.0.0.-0 0.000 eee eee 264
23. Flowers of Pilostyles sessilis..........-....0-0-00 000000000 eee 264
24. Calyx of Craecea diversifolia. . 2.0... 000 000000 eee 270
25. Calyx of Cracca platyphylla.....0200. 000000 0 eee eee 270
26. Leaflet and fruit of Morkillia mexicana. .........-.000.0.20.00002-2-.. 275
27. Leaflet and fruit of Morkillia acuminata.........002000002000000 222 ee 275
28. Flower and petal of Cuphea goldmanti.............0000000. 02.00 287
29. Flower of Cuphea imberbis............00000000-0000 0000 eee 288
30. Flower and sepal of Cuphea lozanti......2...-..-002000-0-002000000 2002. 288
31. Flower and ovary of Cuphea painteri....2.....00.0000-0-0.0.000000-.... 289
32. Flower of Cuphea viscosa...........---2.----0 00.2 eee 289
33. Fruit of Opuntia azurea...... 22.2222 eee 291
34, Fruit of Opuntia loydii......... 2.0.2.0 00020 0000 ee 292
35, Fruit of Opuntia pyriformis...........0..0-22--02-2 22002-2222 292
36, Fruit of Opuntia vilis.. 22... 0..22220-00202-5-0-0-0-02 00022 293
37. Flower and fruit of Pelozia clavata.........20-00-000-00000000000002022.- 296
38. Flower of Pelozia laciniata.........2.0...-2.-..--22-2-2------ 22-22 296
39. Flower and flower parts of Jehlia macrophylla. ....0..........-0.2.-.--- 297
40. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia elegans....... 220000022 298
41. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia glandulosa... ...-. Doce eee eee eee eee 298
42. Flower and sterile stamen of Lopezia oaracana.......2000000-.002..-.- 299
43. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia palmeri.............-0.0.00002----- 299
_44. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia parvula......20...00-000.2.2-5-22---- 300
45. Flower and petal of Lopezia pringlet.............05.00.0.0-...2022-.-. 300
46. Flower and stamen of Lopezia smithti ........0...000000.-0.-0.0002.--.- 300
47. Flower and stamen of Lopezia stricta.....2...000--0000000--0-02 000022 301
48. lower of Lopezia violacea...........00.0000000000200 0022 eee 301
49. Fruit of Abronia latifolia...........00.00000000 00002 eee ee 311
50. Fruit of Abronia maritima............-..0-0-0--0-00000 0002022 311
51. Fruit of Abronia alba. 2.2.2.0 0002 ee eee 312
52. Fruit of Abronia umbellata. 0... ..0.002.2-02-0-0-22-.--.--------------- 313
53. Fruit of Abronia gracilis........ 0.000000 002 ee 315
54. Fruit of Abronia villosa.........000-0000 002 eee eee 315
55. Fruit of Abronia aurita....... 0.000000 ee 316
56. Fruit of Abronia pinetorum..........2.0-0 00000002022 ee 316
57. Fruit of Abronia pogonantha....0.0.0.00000-0.0000000 0000020 316
58. Fruit of Abronia alpina.........00 00-20 eee 316
59. Fruit of Abronia glabra... 0.0.0... ee eee eee eee 321
XVI
Fie. 60
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66,
67.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
. Fruit of Abronia elliptica
Fruit of Abronia salsa...........2.0. 00000 cee eee eee eee eee
Fruit of Abronia fallax..............-20-2-0----0200 00002
Two views of the fruit of Abronia fragrans
Fruit of Abronia nudata..... 2.2.0... 00.0.
Fruit of Abronia ammophila............0...00 0000 e eee eee eee eee
Fruit of Abronia lanceolata..................2.2.---2-2-2-2-----2-----
Fruit of Abronia mellifera... 2.2.2.2... 0000s
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL TERBARIUM
q VotuME XI], Parr 1
‘CATALOGUE
OF THE
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH
PRESENTED IN 1905 TO THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Compiled by ALICE CARY ATWOOD.
WASHINGTON
* GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1908
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
IssuEeD APRIL 23, 1908.
PREFACE.
In January, 1905, Captain John Donnell Smith, of Baltimore,
Maryland, presented his herbarium and botanical library to the
Smithsonian Institution. The herbarium, consisting of more than
100,000 mounted specimens, became a part of the National Herba-
rium. The library contains some 1,600 bound volumes, consisting
chiefly of works relative to systematic botany, and being especially
rich in works relating to Mexico and Central America. For the
present, the library is to remain in Baltimore, but Captain Smith
has placed his books freely at the disposal of botanists.
Not only have the books been selected with great care, but they are
all in conspicuously handsome bindings. It is doubtful if there is
any public or private botanical library of its size which can equal
it in value from either the scientific or the artistic point of view.
A simple but appropriate book plate has been designed and printed
and placed in each volume.
An author catalogue of the library is presented herewith, which, it
is believed, will be of interest and practical value to many botanists.
The cataloguing has been done by Miss Alice Cary Atwood, cata-
loguer in the office of the Botanist, Department of Agriculture,
J. N. Roser,
Acting Curator.
Ill
CATALOGUE OF THE BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF
JOHN DONNELL SMITH, PRESENTED IN 1905
TO THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
Compiled by Anice Cary ATWOOD.
In entering separates the following forms are used:
For reprints repaged:
Barbey, W. Le Linnaea borealis. ... (Bull. Soc, Bot. France, v. 28.)
2p. 8. Paris, 1881.
For reprints with original pagination:
Barbey, W. Le Linnaea borealis... . Reprinted from Bull. Soc. Bot.
France vy, 28, p. 272-274. 8°. [Paris, 1882. ]
For mere extracts:
Barbey, W. Le Linnaea borealis. ... Bull. Soc, Bot. France, vy. 28, p.
272-274. 1881, &°,
The note “In Botanical miscellanies ” refers to volumes of bound pamphlets
which have been given that binder’s title; the octave volumes are regularly num-
bered. An alphabetical list of the forms of citation used in the text, with their
explanations, will be found at the end of the catalogue, beginning on page SS.
A.
Adansonia.... vy. 2-12. 8° Paris, 1861-79.
Aiton, William, 1731-1793. Tortus kewensis. ... 2d ed., enl. by
William Townsend Aiton. 5 vy. 8° London, 1810-1818.
Aiton, William Townsend, 1766-1849. See Aiton, William.
Alcocer, Gabriel V., 1852— See Ramirez, José.
Allen, John A. See Goodale, G. L.
Allen, Timothy Field, 1837-1902. Characeae americanae. .. .
part I. 1 leaf. pl. 4°. New York, n. d.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°. 7° |
Development of the cortex in Chara... . (Bull. Torr. Club,
v.9.) Ilp. Spl. 8% ned.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
Observations on some American forms of Chara coronata.
(Am. Nat. v.16.) 12 p. pl. 8. [1882.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
American botanist. v. 4, no. 5, May, 1903. 8°. Binghamton,
N. Y., 1903.
Ed. by W. N. Clute.
22539—08——1
2 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Ames, Oakes, 1874- Additions to the orchid flora of Florida... .
Proc. Biol. Soc, Wash. v. 17, p. 115-117. 1904. 8°.
A contribution to our knowledge of the orchid flora of south-
ern Florida... . 22 p. 12 pl. 8. Cambridge, Mass., 1904.
(Contr. Ames Bot. Lab. no. 1.)
Descriptions of new species of Acoridium from the Phihp-
pines... . Proce. Biol. Soc. Wash. v. 19, p. 148-153. 1906. 8°.
— Hybrids in Spiranthes and Habenaria. . . . (Rhodora, v. 5.)
4p. pl 8. [1903.]
Notes on orchids new to Florida... . Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
v. 19, p. 1-2. 1906. 8°.
Orchidaceae... . fase. 1. plates. 4°. Boston and New
York, 1905.
Three new orchid species... . Proc. Biol. Soc, Wash. v. 17,
p- 119-120. 1904. 8°.
André, Edouard Francois, 1840— Bromeliaceae andreanae. .. .
118 p. 40 pl. fe. Paris, [1889].
Andrews, Henry C., fl. 1796-1828. — Botanists’ repository... .
10v.in 5. 654 pl. 4°. [ Knightsbridge, 1797-1811.
Annals of botany. ... v. 1-10, Aug. 1887-1896. plates. 8°.
London, 1887-1896.
Antoine, Franz, 1815-1886. Phyto-iconographie der bromeliaceen
des Kaiserlichen kéniglichen hofburg-gartens in Wien.... 54 p.
f°. and atlas of 835 pl. fe. Wien, 1884.
Arcangeli, Giovanni, 1840- Compendio della flora italiana... .
Ed. 2. 886 p. 8°. Torino, 184.
Arnott, George Arnott Walker, 1799-1868, See Tooker, Sir W. J.
Arrabida, Antonio da, ed. See Velloso Xavier, José Mariano da
Conceicao,
Aublet, Jean Baptiste Christophe Fusée, 1720-1778. Histoire des
plantes de la Guiane francoise.... 4 v. 393 pl. 4°. Londres
& Paris, 1775.
Austin, Coe Finch, 1831-1880. Characters of some new Hepaticae.
(Proc. Acad. Phila. 1869.) 17 p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. %.
——— Hepaticae Boreali-americanae, ... 48 p. 8°. Closter, N.
J., 1873.
With his Musci appalachiani; also in Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
——— Musci appalachiani. ... 92 p. 8% Closter, N. J., 1870.
Supplement 1. 16 p. 8°. Closter, N. J., 1878.
With his Musci appalachiani.
Musci appalachiani.... viii p. f. New Jersey, 1870.
Iixsiceata,.
———— Some new Musci... . Bot. Gaz. v. 4, p. 150-152. 1S8T9. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7: also in v. 26,
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 3
Bb.
Bailey, Jacob Whitman, 1811-1857. See United States exploring
expedition during the years 1838-1842.
Bailey, Liberty Hyde, 1858—- A catalogue of North American
Carices. ... 4 p. 8%. Cambridge, Mass., 1884.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
~ Supplement. 1 leaf. 16° Cambridge, Mass., 1884.
In Botanieal miscellanies, v.10.
A preliminary synopsis of North American Carices. ...
Proc. Am. Acad. vy. 22, p. 59-157. 1887. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 14.
Bailey, William Whitman, 1843— The botanical colleector’s hand-
book... . 139 p. 12°. Salem, Mass., 1881. (Naturalists’ handy
ser. no. 3.)
Baillon, Henri Ernest, 1827-1895. Dictionnaire de botanique. . . .
dv. 382 pl f°. Paris, 1876-92,
——~ Ifistoire des plantes. 2... 13 vy. 4%) Paris, 1867-95,
The natural history of plants... . translated by Marcus
M. Hartog.... 8 vy. 4% London, 1871-88.
Baker, John Gilbert, 1834— Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles.
557 p. 8°. London, 1877.
———~— Handbook of the Amaryllideae. ... 216 p. 8°. London,
1888.
———— Handbook of the Bromeliaceae. ... 243 p. 8°. London,
ISS).
—— Handbook of the fern-allies. . 2. 159 p. 8°. London, 1887.
——— Handbook of the Trideae. ... 247 p. 8°. London, 1892.
New ferns of 1892-3. ... Ann, Bot. v. 8, p. 121-132,
1894. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 26.
——— Qn the recent synonyms of Brazilian ferns... . Journ.
Linn. Soc. Bot. v. L4, p. 12-27. 1875. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v.11.
A revision of the genera and species of herbaceous capsular
gamophyllous Liliaceae... . Journ, Linn. Soe. Bot. v.11,
p. 349-436. IST1. 8°,
In Botanical miscelanies, v.12.
A summary of the new ferns which have been discovered or
described since 1874... (Ann. Bot. vy. 5.) 119 p. ph 8°.
Oxford, 1892,
——— A synopsis of the genera and species of Museae. ... Ann.
Bot. vo T, p. 189-222. 1893. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v.26.
4 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Baker, John Gilbert (cont.). Systema iridacearum.... Journ.
Linn. Soc. Bot. v. 16, p. 61-180. 1878. 8°.
Bound as Iridaceae, ete.
See also Saunders, W. W.
Balfour, Isaac Bayley, 1858- See Goebel, IK. E.
Barbey, William, 1842— Additions a la flore de Carpathos et de
Lycie.... (Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat., v.21.) 6p. 8°. | Lau-
sanne, 1886, |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16,
Champignons. Rapportés en 1880 d'une excursion botanique
en Egypte et en Palestine... . (Rev. Mycol. v. 3.) 7 p. 8°
Paris, 1881.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Yousinia layardi Ball et Barbey. 3 p. pl. 8°. [Lausanne,
1890. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
Cypripedium calceolus x macranthes. 7 p. pl. 4°. Lau-
sanne, 1891.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
Epilobium genus a cl. Ch. Cuisin illustratum.... [51]
p. 24 pl. f°. Lausanne, 1885.
Pl. 20 never figured.
Le Linnaea borealis Lin... . (Bull. Soc. Bot. France, v.
28.) 2p. 8% | Paris, 1881. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
——— Lydie, Lycie, Carie, 1842, 1883, 1887.... 82 p. 45 pl. f°.
Lausanne, 1890.
Pena de aiscorri.... Reprinted from Bull. Soc. Bot.
France, v. 81, p. 186-141. 8°. | Paris, 1884. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 15.
Barbosa Rodrigues, Jodo, 1842- Notas a Lueccok sobre a flora e
fauna do Brazil. ... (Rev. Inst. Hist. Geogr. Brasil, v. 44.)
[115]-210 p. 8°. Rio de Janeiro, 1882.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11.
— Structure des orchidées.... 38 p. 14 pl. 8°. Rio de
] P
Janeiro, 1883.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 11.
Barnes, Charles Reid, 1858— Analytic key to the genera of mosses,
recognized in Lesquereux and James’s Manual... . 12 p. 8°.
[1886.] (Purdue Univ. School Sei. Bull. no. 1.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Analytic keys to the genera and species of North American
mosses... . Rev. and extended by Fred de Forest Heald. Bull.
Univ. Wise. Sei. Ser. v. 1, no 5, p. 157-368. 1896. 8°.
Catalogue of the phaenogamous and vascular cryptoga-
mous plants of Indiana... . 38 p. map. 8° Crawfordsville,
Ind., 1881.
Supplement I. 3p. 8°. 1882.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 5
Barnhart, John Hendley, 1871— Dates of the * Nova genera” of
Humboldt, Bonpland and Kunth... . Reprinted from Bull. Torr.
Club, v. 29, p. 585-598. 8°. [1902. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
Family nomenclature... . Bull. Torr. Club, v. 22, p. 1-24.
1895, 8°. . |
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 26.
See also Johnson, DS.
Barton, William Paul Crillon, 1787-1856. Florae philadelphicae
prodromus. ... 100 p. 4°. Philadelphia, 1S15.
In Botanical miscellanies, 4°.
bo
“
Vegetable materia medica of the United States... .
50 pl. 4°. Philadelphia, 1817-18.
Beal, William James, 1833- The sugar maples of central Michigan
(Ann. Rep. State board Agr. Mich. v.33.) 8p. 8°. [18)4.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Bebb, Michael Schuck, 1833-1895. Notes on the American willows
. 1. Bot. Gaz. v. 18, p. LOO-11z. 1888.8".
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15,
—— White mountain willows, I. Reprinted from Bull. Torr.
Club, v. 15, p. 121-124, pl. 8°. [1888. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Beck, Lewis Caleb, 1798-1853. Botany of the United States north
of Virginia... . 2d ed., rev. and enl. 480 p. 12°. New York,
1848.
Beddome, Richard Henry, 1880—_ Handbook to the ferns of British
India... . 500 p. plates. 12°. Calcutta, 1883.
Beer, Joseph Georg, 1803-1873. Die familie der bromeliaceen . . .
271 p. 8°. Wien, 1857.
Belgique horticole . . . v. 1-35, June, 1850—Dec., 1885, 8°. Liege,
1851-85.
Bennett, Alfred William, 1833-1902, tr. See Thome, O. W.
See Sachs, F. G. J. von.
Bennett, Arthur, 1844- On Najas marina L. as a British plant
(Journ. Bot. v.21.) 2p. pl 8°. [1883.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
Bennett, John Joseph, 1801-1876. See Brown, Robert.
Bentham, Cieorge, 1800-1884. The botany of the voyage of H. M.S.
Sulphur... . 195 p. 60 pl f°. London, 1844.
and Miiller, Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich, freiherr von, 1825-
1896. Flora australiensis.... Tv. 8°. London, 1863-78.
Flora hongkongensis. ... . 482 p. map. 8°. London, 1861.
———Florae hongkongensis zpooOjxy. ... By Henry Fletcher
Hance... . (Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. v. 18.) 59 p. 8°. London,
1872.
Bound with his Flora hougkongensis.
6 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Bentham, George (cont.), and Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton, L817-
Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in Herbariis kewensibus
servata definita.... 3 v. in 6. 8°. Londini, 1862-83.
Handbook of the British flora... . 2v. 8°. London, 1865.
and Mrsted, Anders Sandoe, 1816-1872. Labiatae centro-
americanae.... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjébenh. 1853,
p. 32-43. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
—— Labiatarum genera et species... . 783 p. pl. 8°.
London,
1832-36.
——— and Mrsted, Anders Sandoe. Leguminosae centroamericanae.
Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjébenh. 1853, p. 1-19. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanan.
Notes on Myrtaceae... . Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. v. 10, p.
101-166. 1869. 8°.
Bound as Iridaceae,
Plantae Hartwe@lanae. ... 393 p. 8°.) Londini, 1839-57.
S
—— Revision of the genus Cassia... .) Trans. Linn. Soe. v. 27, p.
508-591, pl. 60-63. 1871. 4°.
——— Revision of the suborder Mimoseae. ... Trans. Linn. Soe.
v.30, p. 335-669, pl. 66-70. 1875. 4°.
—and Qrsted, Anders Sandoe. Scrophularineae centroameri-
canae.... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kyjébenh. 1853, p. 20-31.
S°,
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.,
——— Synopsis of Dalbergieae.... 128 p. 8°.) [1860] (Journ.
Proc. Linn. Soc, Bot. Suppl. v. 4.)
Index wanting.
Bound as Iridacene.
——— Biography. See Dyer, W. 'T. 'Thiselton-.
— See Gray, Asa.
Berg, Otto Karl, 1815-1866 and Mrsted, Anders Sandoe, 1816-1872.
Myrtaceae centroamericanae. ... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For.
Kyjébenh. 1855, p. 1-26. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 13.
Revisio myrtacearum Americae.... Linnaea, v. ‘
472. 1854. 12°.
—— See also Wrsted, A. S.
Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889. Introduction to cryptogamic
botany... . 604 p. 8°. London, 1857,
k
Pau
—
|
——— See also United States exploring expedition during the years
1838-42.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 7
Berlin. K. Iriedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaét—Botanischer. garten.
Bericht tiber den Botanischen garten und das Botanische museum
zu Berlin im rechnungs Jahr 1905. (Chronik Univ. Berlin, v. 19.)
8°. Halle a. S.. 1906.
Jahrbuch. ... 5 vy. 8°. Berlin, 1881-89.
———— —— Der Konigl. botanische garten und das botanische
museum zu Berlin im etatsjahr 1889/90-1894/95. 8°. Berlin,
LS90-05.
A. Iengler, director.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 17-20, 22-25.
——— Botanisches museum. See Berlin. K. Friedrich-Wilhelms-
Universitiit—Botanischer garten.
Bertoloni, Antonio, 1775-1869. Florula guatimalensis. ... Novi
Comm. Acad. Sci. Inst. Bonon. v. 4. p. 403-443, pl. 836-47. 1840.
4°
Berzelius society. A catalogue of the flowering plants and higher
cryptogams growing without cultivation within thirty mules of
Yale college... . 71 p. map. 8°. New Haven, 1878.
»
In Botanica! miscellanies, v. 3.
Bessey, Charles Edwin, 1845— Botany for high schools and_ col-
leges. 2... 2Ydedyrev. 611 p. 8°. New York, 1S81. 0 (Am. Sel.
Ser. )
Bigelow, John Milton, 1804-1878. See Engelmann, George.
Blake, Joseph. 1814-1888. See Goodale, G. L.
Blume, Karl Ludwig, 1796-1862. Museum botanicum Lugduno-
Batavum. ... 2 v. plates. 8°. Lugduni-Batavorum, 1849-| 56].
Boeckeler, Johann Otto, 1803-1899. Die eyperaceen des Konig-
lichen herbariums zu Berlin... (Linnaea, v. 35-41.) 1672 p. 8°.
Halle, n. d.
Bound in 2 vy.
Boissier, Edmond Pierre, 1810-1885, Centuria euphorbiarum.
40 p. 8°. Lipsiae, 1560,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
——— Flora orientalis... . 5v. 8. Genevae et Basileae, 1867-84.
————Teones euphorbiarum. ... 24 p. 121 pl f°.) Paris, 1866.
—— Biography. See Christ, Hermann.
Bommer, Joseph Kdouard, 1829-1895, and Christ, Hlermann, 1535—
TFilices novae, .. . (Bull. Herb. Boiss. vet.) Tp. 8°. L896,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 24, also in v, 26,
Bonpland, Aimé Jacques Alexandre, 1773-1858, and Humboldt,
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von, baron, 1769-1859.
Nova genera et species plantarum ... in ordinem digessit Carol.
Sigismund Kunth.... 7 v. 715 pl f°. Lutetiae Parisiorum,
1815-25.
This is the large folio ed. 55.5 em.
—— See also Mumboldt, F. W. IL. A. von.
8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Bonplandia... vy. 1-10. 4°. Hannover, 1853-1862.
Boott, Francis, 1792-1863. Illustrations of the genus Carex... .
4y. 602 pl. f°. London, 1858-67.
Bosch, Roelof Benjamin van den, 1810-1862. Hymenophyllaceas
novas ... exposuit.... Nederl. Kruidk. Arch, v. 5, p. 135-
185. 1864. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1
«
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Synopsis hymenophyllacearum. ... Neder]. Kruidk. Arch.
v. 4, p. 341-419. 1859. 8°. ;
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Botanic garden. Sve Maund, Benjamin.
Botanical cabinet. See Loddiges, Conrad & sons.
Botanical directory, for America. 1878. 16 p. 8°. [1879.]
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 1.
Botanical gazette. . .. v. I-date, Nov., 1875-date. plates. 8°.
Chicago, 1875—-date.
Botanical miscellany ... 3 vy. plates. 8°. London, 1830-1833,
Botanical register. Sve Edwards’s botanical register.
Botanische jahrbiicher ... hrsg. von A. Engler. v. I-date. 8°.
Leipzig, 1881—date.
Botanische zeitung ... v.44. 8°. Leipzig, 1886.
Botanischer verein fiir die provinz Brandenburg. Verhand-
lungen.... v. 1-38 4°.) (vy. 1-19, 8°.) Berlin, 1859-96.
Verhandlungen, v. 26, 1884. 8°. Berlin, 1885.
Contains Kuntze, K. EK, O. Monographie der gattung clematis.
Botanisches centralblatt. . . . v. 1-60. 8°. Cassel, 1880-94,
Botanisk tidsskrift. . . .v. 17. 8°. Kjgbenhavn, 1890.
Bottini, Antonio, 1850— See Fitzgerald, Carlo.
Brandegee, Mrs. Mary Katherine (Layne) Curran. Botanical notes.
Proc. Calif. Acad. ser. 2, v. 1, p. 227-269. 1888. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Brandegee, Townshend Stith, 1843— A collection of plants from
Baja California, 1889... . Proc. Calif. Acad. ser. 2. v. 2, p.
117-216, pl. 1-11, map. 1889. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v 17.
— Flora of the Santa Barbara Islands... . Proce. Calif. Acad.
ser. 2., v. 1, p. 201-226, 1888. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Brandenburg. Botanischer verein. See Botanischer verein fiir die
proving Brandenburg. .
Braun, Alexander Carl Heinrich, 1805-1877. A monography of the
North American species of the genus Equisetum. ... translated
from the author’s manuscript... . by George Engelmann... .
Am. Journ. Sci., v. 46, p. 81-91. 1844. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. )
Breslau. Kon. Universitit—Botanischer garten zu Breslau. Arbei-
ten... . Hrsg. von professor Dr. K. Prantl. v.1,no.1. pl 8°.
Breslau, 1892.
Also in Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
Brewer, William Henry, 1828— Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, and Watson,
Sereno, 1826-1892. Botany [of California]. 2d, rev. ed. 2 v.
4°. Cambridge, 1880.
Uniform with the publications of the Geological survey of California.
Briquet, John Isaac, 1870— ed. See Commission internationale
de nomenclature botanique.
See Congrés international de botanique.
British museum (Nat. hist.) Dept. of botany. See Great Britain.
Treasury. Botanical work committee.
Britton, Nathaniel Lord, 1859- Address . . . [before] section G of
the American association for the advancement of science at the
Buffalo meeting, August, 1896. (Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sel, v.
45.) 16 p. 8° Cambridge, Mass., 1896,
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25,
——— Catalogue of plants found in New Jersey. Reprinted from
N. J. Geol. Sury. Final report of the state geologist, v. 2, p. 25-
642, 8° Trenton, 1889.
Contributions to Texan botany. ... Trans. N. Y. Acad.
1890, p. 181-185. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 17.
An enumeration of the plants collected by Dr. H. Tf. Rusby
in South America. 1885-1886. I. (Bull Torr. Club, v. 1
p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
IV. Reprinted from Bull. Torr. Club, v. 17, p. 87-44.
8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 16.
and Brown, Addison, 1830— An illustrated flora of the north-
ern United States, Canada, ete. vy. 1. 4°. New York, 1896.
John Strong Newberry. ... Bull. Torr. Club, v. 20, p. 89-
98,2 pl. 1898. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20,
and Rose, Joseph Nelson, 1862- Lenophyllum.... Re-
printed from Smithson, Mise. Coll. v. 47, pt. 2. p. 159-162, pl. 8".
Washington, 1904.
and Rusby, Henry Hurd, 1855— A list of plants collected by
Miss Mary B. Croft, 1884-85, at San Diego, Texas... . Trans,
N. Y. Acad. v. 7, p. 7-14. 1887. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
New or noteworthy North American phanerogams I. Bull.
Torr. Club, v. 15, p. 97-104, pl. IS88. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 10.
10 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAT, HERBARIUM,
Britton, Nathaniel Lord (cont.). A preliminary catalogue of the
flora of New Jersey... . 223 numb. I, 225-233 p. 8°. New
Brunswick, 1881.
Geological survey of New Jersey.
——— A preliminary list of North American species of Cy-
perus. ... Bull. Torr. Club, v. 13, p. 205-816. 1886, 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.15,
——— See also Hollick, C. A.
Browallius, Johan, bishop of Abo, 1707-1755. See Linné, Carl von.
Critica botanica.
Brown, Addison, 1830— See Britton, N. L.
Brown, Nicholas Edward, 1849- Report on two botanical collec-
: ’ ct, + ote]
tions made by Messrs. F. V. MeConnell and J. J. Quelch at Mount
Roraima in British Guiana... . Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2. Bot.
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Brown, Robert, 1773-1858. Miscellaneous botanical! works, 2... Q
v. 8°. and atlas of 88 pl. f°. London, 1866-68.
Kd. by J. J. Bennett.
Browne, Patrick, 17207-1790. The civil and natural history of
Jamaica... 5038p. 49 pl. map. f°. London, 1789.
Buchenau, Franz Georg Philipp, 1831-1906. Die deckung der blatt-
scheiden bei Juncus... . Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 4, p. 135-
138, pl. 3-4. 1875. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, y. 14.
Flora der ostfriesischen inseln. . . , 2., durch eine uebersicht
der wichtigsten wiihrend der letzten 10 jahre gemachten pflanzen-
funde verm. ausg. 176 p. 12°. Nordern und Norderney, 1891.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
——— Kritisches verzeichniss aller bis jetzt beschriebenen juncaceen
nebst diagnoses neuer arten. ... 112 p. 8°. Bremen, 1880.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 2,
———— Ueber einheitlichkeit der botanischen kunstausdriicke und
abkiirzungen. 36 p. 8°. Bremen, 1894. (Beil. Osterprogr. 1894,
Realschule Doventhor zu Bremen. )
In Botanical miscelanies, y. 22.
— Awei abschnitte aus der praxis des botanischen unterrich-
tes... . (Osterprogr. 1890, Realschule Doventhor zu Bremen. )
63 p. 8°. Bremen, 1890.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 22.
Buek, Heinrich Wilhelm, 1796-1879. Genera, species et syhonyma
1 , “e . . 4 lod “ .
Candolleana. ... 4 v. in 2. 8°. Berolini, 1840-74,
Bureau, Louis Edouard, 1830— De Ia famille des loganiacées.
150 p. pl 4°. Paris, 1856.
— Monographie des bignoniacées. . . . 214, 85 p. 31 pl 4°.
Paris, 1864.
~——— Remarques sur la classification des bignoniacées. . . . Adan-
sonia, Vv. 2, p. 182-197, 2 pl. 1862. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 11
Bureau, Louis Edouard (cont.). Reévision des genres Tynanthus et
Lundia. ... Reprinted from Adansonia, v. 8, p. 270-293, pl. 8°.
[| Paris. n. d.|
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’
Canby, William Marriott, 1831-1904. An autobiography and some
reminiscences of the late August Fendler. I-III. Bot. Gaz. v. 10,
p. 285-290, 301-304, 319-322, 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11.
——— |Catalogue of plants taken from last edition of Mann’ s cata-
logue.| 8 p. 8°. | Wilmington, Del., 1877. |
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 1.
Notes of botanical visits to the lower part of Delaware and
the eastern shore of Maryland. ... Proc. Acad. Phila. 1864, p.
16-19. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5.
——-— Notes on Baptisia. ... Bot. Gaz. v. 4, p. 129-182. 1879. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 7.
Candolle, Alphonse Louis Pierre Pyramus de, 1806-1893. Calques
des dessins de la flore du Mexique, de Mocino et Sesse qui ont servi
de types d’espéces dans le Systema ou le Prodromus. 6 p. f°.
| Geneve, 1874. |
Index and preface only.
———— Etude sur lespéce a Voceasion d’une révision de la famille des
cupuliféres. ... (Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat. v.15.) 68 p. 8°. 1862.
3ound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Introduction A étude de botanique.... 2 v. 8 pl. 8°.
Paris, 1835,
‘moire sur la famille des anonacées. . . . (Mém. Soc. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 5.) 45 p. Spl. 4°. Geneve, 1832.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
———— Second | mémoire sur la famille des myrsinéa-
cées. 2. (ant Sci. Nat. ser. 2. Bot. v. 16.) 33, 32 p. 5 pl.
8°. | Paris, 1541. ]
Incomplete p. 33-48 of Troisiéme mémoire wanting.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
———— Monographie des campanulées.... 384 p. 20 pl 4°.
Paris, 1830.
and Candolle, Anne Casimir Pyramus de, 1836-. | Mono-
eraphiae phanerogamarum. ... 9 v. in 10, 8 pl 4°. Parisiis,
1878-96,
—_ Origine des plantes cultivées.. 2. 877 p. 8°.) Paris, 1883.
S
( Bibliotheque Sei. Intern. v. 43.)
La phytographie. ... 484 p. $°. Paris, 1880.
Biography. See Christ, Hermann.
12 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Candolle, Anne Casimir Pyramus de, 1836— Anatomie comparée
des fenilles chez quelques familles de dicotylédones. ... (Mém.
Soc, Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 26.) 54 p. 2 pl f°. Gendve,
L879.
In Botanical miscellanies, De Candolle.
Contribution 4 Pétude du genre Alchimilla. ... Reprinted
from Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1, p. 485-495, 2 pl. 8°. [1893.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20,
Etude de l’action des rayons ultra-violets sur la formation des
fleurs. ... Reprinted Arch, Sci. Phys. Nat. 3. pér. v. 28, p. 265—
epl ; ]
277. 8°. [1892.]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 19.
Meliaceae novae. . . . Reprinted from Bull. Herb. Boiss. _ v.
2, p. 567-575, 577-584, pl. 8°. [1894.]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 22.
——— Mémoire sur la famille des pipéracées. . . . Mém. Soc. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 18, p. 219-248, pl. 1-7. 1866. 4°.
———-- Nouvelles considérations sur la phyllotaxie. ... (Arch. Sci.
Phys. Nat 3. pér. v. 38.) 27 p. 8°. | 1895, |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 28.
Nouvelle étude des hypoascidies de Ficus... . (Bull. Ierb.
Boiss. ser. 2, v. 2.) 10 p. 8° |1902.]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 27,
Nouvelle recherches sur les pipéracées. . . . Mém. Soc. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Gendve, v. 27, pt. 2, p. 305-318, pl. 1-15. 1881. 4°,
Bound with his Mémoire sur la famille des pipéracées.
(Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 27, pt. 2.)
16 p. 15 pl £°. Genéve, 1882.
In Botanical miscellinies, DeCandolle.
Observations tératologiques. ... (Bull. Soc. Bot. Genéve, v.
11.) 16 p. pl. 8°. Geneve, 1905. .
On the geographical distribution of the Meliaceae. ... Re-
printed from Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2. Bot. v. 1, p. 233-236, nap.
f°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, DeCandolle.
Piperaceae. ... (Durand et Pittier. Primitiae florae cos-
taricensis. Bull. Soe. Roy. Bot. Belg. vy. 30.) 40 p. 8°. 1891. |
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 18.
Piperaceae africanae et madagascarienses. .. . Engler’s
Bot. Jahrb. v. 19, p. 224-230. 1894. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
——— Pipéracées.... 10 p. 3pl 4°. Gendve, 1893. (Mém. Soe.
Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 32, no. 2.)
M. Mitcheli. Contributions A la flore du Paraguay. Jno. 6. ]
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 18
Candolle, Anne Casimir Pyramus de (cont.). Recherches sur les in-
florescences ¢piphylles.... 37p. 2pl f°. Genéve, 1890.
(Mém. Soe. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, vol. supplémentaire 1890,
no. 6.) .
In Botanical miscellanies. f°.
— Sur la vie latente des graines.... Reprinted from Arch.
Sci. Phys. Nat. 3 pér. v, 38, p. 497-512. 8°. [1895.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 28.
——-—Sur le ealice du Lundia damazii C. DC... . (Bull. Herb.
Boiss. ser. 2,v. 5.) 4p. 8°. [1905.]
Sur les bractées floriféres. ... Reprinted from Bull. Herb.
Boiss. v. 1, p. 128-127, pl. 8°. | 1893.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
Sur les feuilles peltées. ... (Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve, v. 9.)
51 p. 8°. [1899.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Sur un Ficus A hypoascidies. ... (Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat. 4.
A A
pér. v. 12.) 9p. pl 8°. [Geneéve, 1901. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
— Sur une monstruosité du Cyclamen neapolitanum. ... 7 p.
pl. f°. Geneve, 1887. (Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve,
v. 29, no. 7.)
In Botanical miscellanies. f°.
— Théorie de la feuille.... (Arch. Sci, Phys. Nat. v. 32.)
30 p. 2 pl. 8°. Geneve, 1868.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5,
— See also Candolle, A. L. P. P. de.
Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de, 1778-1841. Collection de mémoires
pour servir a histoire du régne végétal. no, 1, 5-7. 46 pl. 4°.
Paris, 1828-32.
Bound as Melastomacées,
Mémoire sur la famille des combrétacées. ... (Mém. Soe.
Phys. et Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 4.) 42 p. Spl. 4°. Genéve, 1828.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
Mémoire sur Ja famille des crassulacées.... 47 p. 18 pl.
4°, Paris, 1828.
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete.
— Mémoires sur la famille des légumineuses. ... 525 p. 70 pl.
4°, Paris, 1825.
Mémoire sur la famille des myrtacées. ... Ouvrage post-
hume, publié par les soins du fils de Pauteur. (Mém. Soc. Phys. et
Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 9.) 61 p. 22 ph 4°. [Geneéve, 1842. ]
sound as Nymphiencées, also as Melastomacées,
——— Mémoire sur les affinités naturelles de la famille des nym-
phaeacées. . 2. Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 1, p. 209
P44, pl. 1-2. 1821. 4°.
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete,
14 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de (cont.). Monographie des
ochnacées et des simaroubées.... Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris,
v. 17, p. 398-425, 21 pl I8ll. 4°.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
——— Plantarum historia succulentarum. ... 169 pl. f°. Paris,
1799-1829. ]
Bound in 8 v. each pl. accompanied by two or more pages of descriptive
text.
Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. ... 0 17 v.
in 18 8°. Parisis, 1824-73.
——— Regni vegetabilis systema naturale... . 2 vy. 8°. Parisiis,
1818-21.
——-— Revue de la famille des lythraires. ... (Mém. Soc. Phys. et
Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 3.) 32 p. 3 pl. 8°. Geneve, 1826.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
——— Revue sommaire de la famille des bignoniacées. ... Ann.
Sci. Nat. ser. 4. Bot. v. 11, p. 279-298. 1859. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
[Carse, George B., d. 1888 and Foss, James H.] Florida: its
climate, soil, productions, and agricultural capabilities. 98 p. 8°.
Washington, 1882. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Rep. no. 21.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
Cavanilles, Antonio José, 1744-1804. Septima |[- octava] disserta-
tio botanica. .. . His Monadelphiae classis dissertationes decem.
p. 857-414, pl. 201-242. 4°. Parisiis, 1789.
Tcones et descriptiones plantarum, quae sponte in Hispania
crescunt.... 6 vy. 600 pl. f°. Matriti, 1791-1801,
Chaboisseau, Théodore, Vabbé, 1827-1894. De Vinfluence de Videée
religeuse sur les progrés de Vhistoire naturelle... . (Congres
Sci. de France, sess. 28, v.3.) Il p. 8°. | Bordeaux, n. d.}
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Chamberlain, Joseph Scudder, 1870— A comparative study of the
. ? . mr \ yoKx
styles of Compositae.... Bull. Torr. Club, v. 18, p. 175-196,
pl. 117-120. 1891. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
Chamisso, Adalbert von, 1781-1838. See Schlechtendal, D. F. LL.
von.
Chapman, Alvan Wentworth, 1809-1899. Flora of the southern
United States... . G21 p. 8°. New York, 1872.
——— Flora of the southern United States... . 2d ed. 698 p.
8°. New York, 1883.
Chickering, John White, jr.. 1831—- Contrasts of the Appalachian
mountains. ... 16 p. 8°. | Washington, 1882.] (U.S. Nat.
Mus. Saturday lectures, no. 3.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5.
Chodat, Robert, 1865—- Malpighiacées.... 24 p. 38 ph 4°.
Geneve, 1892. (Mém. Soe. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 31, pt. 2,
no. 3.)
M. Micheli. Contributions a la flore du Paraguay no. 5,
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELIL SMITH. 15
Chodat, Robert (cout.). Monographia polygalacearum. ... 2 pts.
4°. Geneve, 1891-93. (Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve,
vol. supplémentaire 1890, no. 7: \ 31, pt. 2 2, no, 2.)
Choisy, Jacques Denys, 1799-1859. Convolvulaceae orientales.
(Mém. Soe. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 6.) 120 p- 6 pl. 4,
| Geneve, 1834. |
Lithogr. index of 4 p.
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete,
~ De convolvulaceis dissertatio seeunda. ... (Mém. Soe. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Geneve, v. 8.) 121-164 p. 4 pl 4°. [| Genéve, 1837. |
sound as Nymphaeacées, ete,
— De convolvulaceis dissertatio tertia. ... (Mém. Soe. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Geneve, vy. 9.) 165-192 p. 5 pl 4°. | Geneve.
1841. |
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete..
oeription des hydroléacées, ... Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist.
Nat. Geneve, vy. 6, p. 95-122. 3 pl 1833. 4°,
Sound was cnlineteees ete.
——~ Mémoire sur la famille des sélaginées. .. . Mém. Soe. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Gendve, v. 2, pt. 2. p. TI-114. Spl 1824. 4°.
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete.
Mémoire sur les familles des ternstroemiacées et camelliacées.
.. + Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 14, p. 91-186. 3 pl.
1855. 4°.
Note sur les convolvulacées du Brésil. . . . (Mém. Soe. Phys.
et Hist. Nat. Genéve, v. 10.) 8 p. pl. 4°. Genéve, 1844.
Bound as Nymphaeacées, ete.
Prodromus (une monographie de la famille des hypericinées
Op. OY pl 4°. Geneve, 1821.
sound as Nyvmphaeacées, ete. also as Botanical miscellanies, 4°,
Christ, Hermann, 1833- Aspidium (Polystichum) lobato x muni-
tum nov. hybr. A. Arendsii Ff. Wirtg. mss... 2 (Allg. Bot. Zeit-
schr. v.12.) Ip. 8 [1906.]
Un cas a androgy nie dans le genre Pinus... . (Bull, Soe.
Roy. Bot. Belg. v.33, pt.2.) 5p. 8°. | Gand, 1895, |
In Botanical hifecelhanies Vv. 25.
— Encore quelques notices sur la végétation de la Riviera di Le-
vante. ©... (Bull. Soe. Bot. Ital. 1902.) 3 p. 8% [1902]
In Botanical miscellianies, v. 27.
Enumération de quelques fougeres de Herbier Delessert.
(Annuaire Cons. et Jard. Bot. Gendve, 3. année.) 17 p. 8°.
1899,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
Filices Bodinierianae. ... Reprinted) from Bull. Acad.
Intern, Géogr. Bot. v. 11, p. 189-274. 8°. | Paris, 1902. |
In Botanical miscelNanies, v. 27.
16 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Christ, Hermann (cont.). Filices brasilienses. . . . Reprinted from
Hedwigia, v. 45, p. 190-194. 8°. [| Dresden, n. d.|
Filices Chinae centralis leg. Wilson... . (Bull. Herb. Boiss.
ser, 2,v. 3.) Tp. 8° [1903.]
Filices Faurieanae; fougéeres recueillies par le pére Urbain
Faurie ... dans les différentes iles de ’Archipel japonais. .. .
(Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 4.) 12 p. 8% [ 1896. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 24.
Filices mexicanae T.... (Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2. v. 5.)
ll p. 8°. [Genéve, 1905. |
Filices novae... (Bull Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, v. 3.) 2 p.
8°, [1903.]
Filices Sarasinianae. I-IV. Reprinted from Verh. Naturf.
Ges. Basel, v. 11. 2 pl. 8°. Basel, | 1895]-97.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22-24.
La flore de la Suisse... . Ed. francaise traduite par EF.
Tieche.... 576 p. plates. 4°. Bale, 1883.
Fougéres collectées par M. le Dr. J. Huber au Bas-Ucayali et
au Bas-Huallaga (alto Amazonas) en octobre-décembre 1898... .
(Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2,v 1.) 12 p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
Fougéres de Madagascar récoltées en 1894 par le docteur C. J.
Forsyth-Major.... (Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, v. 3.) 3 p. 8°
1902.
Fougéres nouvelles ou peu connues.... (Bull. Soe. Roy.
Bot. Belg. v. 33, pt. 2.) 4p. 8°. [Gand, 1895.
g +] } .
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 23.
Fougéres recueilles dans le bassin inférieur de l’Amazone
par le Dr. J. Huber a Para... . (Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 6.) 4 p.
8°. |Genéve, 1898. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
Die friihlingsflora der Tremezzina. ... (Ber. Schweiz. Bot.
Ges. pt. 13.) 3 p. 8°. [1903.
Hommage a la mémoire de Pierre-Edmond Boissier. . . .
(Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sei. Nat. v. 22.) 9p. 8° n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
——— Une liste de fougéres du Tonkin francais... . (Journ.
de Bot. v. 8.) 4p. 8°. [ Paris, 1894.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
— Loxsomopsis costaricensis nov. gen. et spec... . (Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, v. 4.) 8 p. pl. 8°. [Genéve, 1904. ]
Monographie des) genus Elaphoglossum. ... (Denkschr.
Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. v.36.) 159 p. 4 pl. 4°.) Ziirich, 1899.
——— Notice biographique sur Alphonse de Candolle. ... Re-
printed from Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1, p. 203-2384. 8°. | 1893. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20,
=
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 17
Christ, Hermann (cont.). Primitiae florae costaricensis filices TV.
(Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2.v. 6.) 54 p. 8°. | Gendve, 1906. |
~ Prof. Wilhelm Schimper 1856-1901. (Verh. Schweiz. Na-
turf. Ges, Zofingen, v. 84.) 3p. 8°. [1901.]
——— Pteridophyta. ... (Denkschr. Math.-naturw. Klasse Akad.
Wiss. Wien, v. 79.) 53 p. 9 pl f°. Wien, 1906. (Ergebnisse
der botanischen expedition der Kaiserlichen akademie der wissen-
schaften nach Stidbrasilien, 1901.1. bd.)
Quelques mots sur Varticle de Mr. Underwood: “A much
named fern.” Reprinted from Torreya, v. 5, p. 123-126. 8°,
[1905.]
Quelques remarques sur la végétation de la Riviera di Le-
vante. .. . (Bull. Soc. Ital. 1902.) 6 p. 8° [1902.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27,
Spiculegium pteridologicum austro-brasiliense. ... (Bull.
Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, v. 2.) 91 p. 8°. [1902.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27,
Sur quelques fougeres de V’'Herbier Delessert. ... 0 (An-
nuaire Cons. et Jard, Bot. Genéve, 4. année.) 2 p. 8°. [1900.]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 26.
Ueber die australen polystichum-arten. . 2. (Ark. Bot. v.
4.) Sp. 8° [ Upsala, 1905. |
Ueber einige javanische arten von Diplazium.... Ann.
Jard. Bot. Buitenz. v. 12, p. 217-222. 1895. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 23.
Die varietiiten und verwandten des Asplenium ruta mura-
ria lL... . Reprinted from Hedwigia, v. 42, p. 153-177, pl. 5-8.
8°. | Dresden, 1903. |
Aur farn-flora der Sundainseln. ... Ann. Jard. Bot. Bui-
tenz. v. 12, p. 90-96, 1895. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
——— Zur flora des obern Lago Maggiore. ... (Ber. Schweiz.
Bot. Ges. pt. 18.) 3 p. 8°. | 1903. ]
See also Bommer, J. E.
-De Toni, G. B.
Christensen, Carl Christian, 1860—- Index filicum. ... 744 p-
8°. Hlafniae, 1906.
Issued in 12 fasc. 1905-06.
Clarke, Charles Baron, 1832-1906, On the Commelynaceae of Ben-
gal... . Journ, Linn. Soe. Bot. v. 11, p. 438-154. 1871. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
On the plants of Kohima and Muneypore. ... (Journ, Linn.
Soc. Bot. v. 25.) 107 p. 44 pl 8°. | London, 1889. ]
On the subsubareas of British India illustrated by the detailed
distribution of the Cyperaceae in that empire... . (Journ. Linn.
Soc. Bot. v. 34.) 146 p. map. 8°. { London, 1898. |
22589—08
9
18 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Clinton, George William, 1807-1885. Preliminary list of plants of
Buffalo and its vicinity.... 12 p. 8°. Buffalo, 1864.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 3.
*
Clos, Dominique, 1821— Révision des genres et des espéces apparte-
nant & la famille des flacourtianées. ... Ann. Sci. Nat. ser, 4.
Bot. v. 8, p. 209-274. 1857. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19; also in v. 25.
Revue critique de la durée des plantes dans ses rapports avec
la phytographie. ... (Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Toulouse, sér. 6, v.
1.) 56 p. 8° |Toulouse, 1863. |
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Clute, Willard Nelson, 1869— See American botanist.
Code of botanical nomenclature. ... Reprinted from Bull.
Torr. Club, v. 31, p. 249-290. 8°. New York, 1904.
Cogniaux, Célestin Alfred, 1841- Cucurbitaceae. . 2. (Bull. Soe,
Roy. Bot. Belg. v. 30.) 9p. 8°. [ Bruxelles, 1891. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
Diagnoses de cucurbitacées nouvelles... . (Mém. Cour. Acad.
Roy. Belg. v. 28.) 102 p. pl. 8°. Bruxelles, 1877.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16,
Melastomaceae. ... (Durand et Pittier. Primitiae florae
costaricensis. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. v. 30.) 28 p. 8°.
[ 1891. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
Melastomaceae et Cucurbitaceae.... (Durand, T. Index
generum phanerogamorum.) 14 p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16,
Melastomaceae et Cucurbitaceae portoricenses a cl. P. Sin-
tenis ann. 1884-1885 lectae.... Reprinted from Jahrb. Bot.
Gart. Berlin, v. 4, p. 276-285, 8°. [ 1886. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
Notice sur les cucurbitacées austro-américaines de M. Ed.
André... . (Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ser. 2, v. 69.) 15 p. 8°,
Bruxelles, 1880.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
Notice sur les mélastomacées austro-américaines de M. Ed.
André. .... (Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ser. 3, v. 14.) 48 p. 8°.
Bruxelles, 1887.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
— Sur quelques cucurbitacées rares ou nouvelles, principalement
du Congo... . (Bull. Acad, Roy, Belg. ser. 3. v. 16.) 15 p. 8°.
Bruxelles, 1888.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
Colden, Cadwallader, 1688-1776. Selections from the scientific cor-
respondence of Cadwallader Colden with Gronovius, Linnaeus,
Collinson, and other naturalists; arranged by Asa Gray, M. D.
Am. Journ, Sei. v. 44, p. 85-133, 1842. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. &.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 19
Columbia university. Dept. of botany. Contributions no. 1-50,
151-175; 1886-1894, 1898-1901. 8°. New York, 1886-1901.
No, 1-50 form y, 1-2; no. 151-175 form v. 7.
Combs, Robert, 1872-1899. Plants collected in the district of Cien-
fuegos . .. Cuba in 1895-96... . Trans. Acad. Sei. St. Louis.
Vv. f, p. 893-491, pl. 30-39. 1897. 8°. (Contr. Bot. Dept. Iowa
Coll. Agr. no. 7.)
Commission internationale de nomenclature botanique. Texte
synoptique des documents destinés d servir de base aux débats diy
Congres international de nomenclature botanique de Vienne 1903,
presenté ... par John Briquet.... 106 p. f°. Berlin, 1905,
Conard, Henry Shoemaker, 1874- The waterlilies. ... 279 p. 30
pl. 4°. [Washington] 1905. (Publ. Carnegie Inst. no. 4.)
Concei¢ao Velloso, José Mariano da. See Velloso Xavier. José
Mariano da Conceicao.
Congrés international de botanique. 2d, Vienna. 1905. | Mem-
bres, ete.| 6 p. 4°. Vienne, 1905,
Reéegles internationales de la nomenclature botanique .
publiées au nom de la commission de rédaction du Congres par
John Briquet. (Actes Congr. Intern. Bot. 1905.) 99 p. 4°.
Jena, 1906,
Contributions from the United States national herbarium.
+. V. 1-10, pt. 7: v. 11. plates. 8°. Washington, 1890-1908,
Duplicates of v. 1, no. 1, 5, 9 in Botanical miscellanies, vy. 17, 22, 23.
Cook, Orator Fuller, 1867— The chayote: a tropical vegetable. ;
31 p. 8 pl. 8°. Washington, 1901. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot.
Bull. no. 28.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27,
—— The culture of the Central American rubber tree... . 86 Pp.
18 pl. 8°. Washington, 1903. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Ind.
Bull. no. 49.)
Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825- A manual of botanic terms. a
2ded.enl. 118 p. 35 pl. 16°. London [1873].
Copenhagen. Naturhistoriske forening i Kjébenhavn, Viden-
skabelige meddelelser ... for aaret 1857-58. 2 vy. in 1. plates.
8°. Kyébenhayn | 1858]-59,
Corda, August Karl Joseph, 1809-1849. A translation of a memoir
entitled “ Beitrige zur lehre yon der befruchtung der pflanzen ”
-++ by ALJ. C. Corda... with prefatory remarks .. by Asa
Gray. ... Am. Journ. Sei. v. 31, p. 308-323. 1837. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Coulter, John Merle, 1851- The botanical outlook... . 28 p. S.
Lincoln, Neb., 1895.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 24,
and Rose, Joseph Nelson, 1862— Development of the umbel-
lifer fruit... . Bot. Gaz. v. 12. p. 237-243. pl. 1887. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, y. 15.
20 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Coulter, John Merle (cont.). The future of systematic botany.
(Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. v. 40.) 14 p. 8°. Salem, Mass.,
1891.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1S.
and Rose, Joseph Nelson. Notes on North American Umbel-
liferae I... . Reprinted from Bot. Gaz. v. 14, p. 274-vs4. 8°.
n.d,
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 17.
——— and ———— Notes on Umbelliferae of KE. United States I-VILL.
Bot. Gaz. v. 12. plates. ssi. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.15,
and Evans, Walter Harrison, 1863— <A revision of North
American Cornaceae I-IT. Reprinted from Bot. Gaz. v. 15, p.
30-38, 86-97. 8°. [ 1890. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 17.
and Rose, Joseph Nelson. Revision of North American Um-
belliferae.... 144 p. 9 pl s®. 188s.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16; also in v. 17.
——— and —--—- A sypnosis of Mexican and Central American Um-
belliferae. ... Proc, Wash. Acad. v. 1, p. 111-159. 1900. 4°.
See also Gray, Asa.
Coville, Frederick Vernon, 1867— Directions for collecting speci-
mens and information illustrating the aboriginal uses of plants .
Sp. 8°. Washington, 1895, (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. Pt. J. no. 39.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25,
Juncus marginatus and its varieties... Proc, Biol. Soc.
Wash. v. 8, p. [zl-1vs. 1898. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
Croom, Hardy B., 1799-1836. Botanical communications... . Am.
Journ. Sei v. 25, p. 69-TS; v. 26. p. B1B—B20, L834. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Crozier, Arthur Alger, 1856-1899, A dictionary of botanical terms.
202 p. 8°. New York, [8%z.
Crue, Francis de. Geneve et la Société de lecture (1815-96). 175 p.,
plates. 8°. Geneve, 1896,
Cummings, Clara Eaton, 1855-1906. Catalogue of Musci and He-
paticae of North America, north of Mexico... 24 p. 8°.) Na-
tick, Mass., [885.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11,
Curran, Mary Katherine. See Brandegee, Mrs. M. K. (Layne) Cur-
ran.
Curtis, Moses Ashley, 1808-1872. An account of some new and rare
plants of North Carolina... Am. Jour. Sei. ve. 44, p. 80-84.
1843. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELIL SMITH. 21
Curtis, Moses Ashley (cont.). Botany; containing a catalogue of
the indigenous and naturalized plants of the state... 156 p.
8°. Raleigh, N. C. 1867. (Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N.C. pt. 3.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
Enumeration of plants growing spontaneously around Wil-
mington, North Carolina... . Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 1, p.
82-141. 1834-37. 8°.
In Botanical miscellinies, v. 7.
See also United States exploring expedition during the years
[838-12
Bibhography. See Wood, T. F.
Curtis’s botanical magazine. . .. v. 1-68, 1787-1842; v. 71-129,
1845-1908. plates. 4° (v. 1-68, 8°) London, 1787-1903.
——— Index, v. 142. 8°. London, 1816.
Index, v. 1-53. 8°. London, 1828.
D.
Dalla Torre, Carl Wilhelm von, 1850— and Harms, Hermann, 1870—
Genera siphonogamarum. ... fase. 1-11.) f°. Lipsiae, 1900-07.
Dammer, Karl Lebrecht Udo, 1860— Handbuch fiir pflanzensamim-
lern 2 2. 842 p. 12 pl 8°. Stuttgart, 1591.
Dana, James Dwight, 1813-1895. Asa Gray.... (Am. Journ.
Sci. v.35.) 28 p. 8°. [1888.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15,
Darby, John, 1804-1877. Botany of the southern states... . 612
p. 8°. New York, 1855.
Darlington, William. 1782-1863. Flora cestrica.... 640 p.
map. 12°. West-Chester, Penn.. LS37.
Flora cestrica.... S8ded.... 498 p. map. 12°. Phil-
adelphia, 1853.
Daul, Anton, 1821-— Illustriertes handbuch der kakteenkunde.
150 p. 8°. Stuttgart, 1890.
| Davenport, George Edward], 1833-1907. Aspidium boottit Tuck-
erman. Reprinted from Am. Nat. v. 13, p. LS6-L88. 8°. L879,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
Aspidium spinulosum (Swartz).... Am, Nat. v. 12, p.
TOT-T17. 1878. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
Catalogue of the * Davenport herbarium ” of North American
ferns... . 42 p. 8°. [Boston], 1879.
In Botanical miscellantes, v. 1; also in v. 9.
supplement, March 1883.) 43-50 p. 8°. [ 1883.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
May 1883. 1 leaf. 8°. [1883.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
29 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Davenport, George Edward (cont.). North American ferns.
Check list of the ferns... . April 1883. 1 leaf. 8°. [1883.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
-Notes on Botrychium simplex, Hitehcock,... 22 p. 2 pl
4°, | Salem, Mass. ], 1877.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
Sone comparative tables showing the distribution of ferns in
the United States... . Proc. Am, Phil. Soc. v. 20, p. 605-612.
1883. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
——— Venation in Botrychia.... Bull. Torr. Club, v. 6, p. 198-
199, pl. 1878. 8°.
In, Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
Deane, Walter, 1848— and Robinson, Benjamin Lincoln, 1864—- A
» ’ : ? J _— -
new Viburnum from Missouri. Bot, Gaz. v. 22, p. 166-167, pl.
1896. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 24.
‘Decaisne, Joseph, 1807-1882. See Le Maout, J. KE. M.
; ’ ] :
Delaroche, Francois, d. 18138. Eryngiorum nec non generis novis
Alepideae historia, ... 70 p. 32 pl f° Parisiis, 1808.
De la Sagra, Ramon. See Sagra, Ramon de la.
Delavigne, Gislain Francois, tr. See Schkuhr, Christian.
Delessert, Jules Paul Benjamin, baron, 1773-1847. Icones selectae
plantarum. ... 5yv. 500 pl. f°. Parisiis, 1820-46.
Deniker, Joseph, 1852- Atlas manuel de botanique. ... 400 p.
4°, Paris, [1886].
Denterghem, Oswald Kerchove de. See Kerchove de Denterghem,
Oswald, comte de.
Desfontaines, Réne Louiche, 1750-1833. Choix de plantes du
Corollaire des instituts de Tournefort.... 92 p. 70 pl. 4°.
Paris, 1808.
De Toni, Giovanni Battista, 1864—- and Christ, Hermann, 1833-
La Pteris longifolia L. presso il lago lairo? Nota, (Atti Ist. Ven.
Sci. v. 62.) 5 p. 8°. Venezia, 1903.
Dewey, Chester, 1784-1867. Report on the herbaceous flowering
plants of Massachusetts... . 277 p. 8°. Cambridge, 18-40.
Mass. Zool. & Bot. Surv. Reports on the herbaceous plants and on the
quadrupeds of Massachusetts.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 4.
Dewey, Lyster Hoxie, 1865— The Russian thistle... . 26 > p.
plates. 8°. Washington, 1894. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Bull.
no. 15.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
The Russian thistle. ... 8 p. 8°. [ Washington, 1895. ]
(U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Cire. no. 3.)
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 23
Dewey, Lyster Hoxie (cont.). The Russian thistle and other trouble-
some weeds in the wheat region of Minnesota. ... 16 p. 2 pl.
s°. Washington, 1893. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Farmers’ Bull. no. 10.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
Dickson, James, 1738-1822. Fasciculus plantarum cryptogamica-
rum Britanniae. 26 p. 3 pl 4°. Londini, 1785.
With Houstoun, W. Reliquiae Houstounianae,,
Didrichsen, Didrik Ferdinand, 1814-1887. Plantas nonnullas
Musei universitatis hauniensis deseripsit 1854... Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kjdébenh. 1854, p. 182-200, 1855. 8°.
sound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.,
Dodge, Charles Richards, 1847— Descriptive catalogue of useful
fiber plants of the world... . 361 p. 8°. Washington, 1897.
(U.S. Dept. Agr. Fiber Invest. Rep. no. 9.)
A report on the uncultivated bast fibres of the United States.
-.. OF p. 5 pl. 8°. Washington, 1894. (U. S. Dept. Agr.
Fiber Invest. Rep. no. 6.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22.
Dorfler, Ignaz. Botaniker-addressbuch. ... 292 p. 8°. Wien,
1896.
Don, George, 1798-1856. A general history of the dichlamydeous
? oe) Ss om ?
plants... . A general svstem of gardening and botany. ... 4 vy.
4°. London, 1831-38.
Donnersmarck, Leo Victor Felix Henckel von. See Henckel von
Donnersmarck, L. V. F.
Dresden. Verein fiir erdkunde zu Dresden. Jahresbericht. no.
16. 8°. Dresden, 1879.
Contains: Polakowsky, H. Die pflanzenwelt von Costa Riea. p. 24-125.
Du Mortier, Barthélemy Charles Joseph, comte, 1797-1878. Hepa-
ticae Europae.... 203 p. 4 pl. 8°. Bruxellis et Lipsiae, 1874.
Durand, Théophile, 1855—- Index generum phanerogamarum. .
722 p. 8° Bruxelles, 1888.
and Pittier de Fabrega, Henri Francois, 1857— Primitiae
florae costaricensis. ... 3 no. in ly. 8°. Bruxelles, 1891-96.
For later vols. see Vittier de Fabrega, H. FI,
Quelques notes sur les récoltes botaniques de M. H. Pittier
dans Amérique centrale... (Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. v. 27,
pt.2.) 6p. 8°. | Bruxelles, 188s. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
——— See also Index kewensis.
Durieu de Maisonneuve, Michel Charles, 1796-1878. Ouverture
du cours municipal de botanique de la ville de Bordeaux ... 17
p. 8°. Bordeaux, 1862.
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Dyer, William Turner Thiselton-, 1843- Address to the Biological
section of the British association. ... 16 p. 8°. [London, 18838. ]
24 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Dyer, William Turner Thiselton— (coné.). Eulogium on George
Bentham. ... (Proc. Linn. Soc, 1887-89.) 9 p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical misceHanies, v. 17.
Report of a committee . .. appointed for the purpose of re-
porting on the present state of our knowledge of the zoology and
botany of the West India islands. ... 28 p. 8°. | London, 1888. |
——— Sve also Index kewensis.
Sachs, F. G. J. von.
BK.
Eaton, Amos, 1776-1842, and Wright, John, 1811-1846. North
American botany... Sth ede... 625 p. 8° Troy, N. Y.,
1540.
Eaton, Daniel Cady, 1884-1895. A check-list of North American
Sphagna.... [10] p. 8°. New Haven, 1898.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 21.
——— The ferns of North America... 2 v.81 pl. 4°. Salem
and Boston, 1879-80.
Filices Wrightianae et Fendlerianae. ... Mem. Am. Acad.
v. 8, p. 193-220. 1863. 4°.
Bound with Grisebach, A. H. R. Plantae Wrightianae.
———— Report upon cryptogamous plants from the west. Reprinted
from Wheeler Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv. west of the 100th meridian.
vy. 6, p. 299-851, pl. 4°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°,
Edwards, Alphonse Milne, 1835-1900. De la famille des solana-
cées. 2... 137 p. 2 pl. 8° Paris, 1864.
Edward’s botanical register. ... v. 1-33. plates. 8°. Lon-
don, 1815-47.
Appendix to the first twenty-three volumes .. . consisting
of a complete alphabetical and systematical index .. . together
with a sketch of the vegetation of the Swan River colony. ... By
John Lindley. ... 64,58 p. 9 pl 8°. London, 1840.
Eggers, Henrik Franz Alexander, 1844-1903. The flora of St.
Croix and the Virgin islands... . 188 p. 8°. Washington,
1879. (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 13.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10,
Kichler, August Wilhelm, 1839-1887. Beitriige zur morphologie
und systematik der marantaceen. ... Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss.
Berlin, 1883. 99 p. Tpl. 1884. 4°.
——— Bliithendiagramme.... 2v.in 1. 8°. Leipzig, 1875-78.
Elliott, Stephen, 1771-1830. A sketch of the botany of South Car-
olina and Georgia.... 2 v. 12 pl. 8°. Charleston, S. C.,
1821-24,
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 25
Endlicher, Stephan Friedrich Ladislaus, 1804-1849. Genera plan-
tarum.... 2 v. 4°. Vindobonae, 1836-40.
Mantissa botanica .. . supplementum secundum. .
114 p. 4°. Vindobonae, 184.
Bound with v. 2 of Genera plantarum,
Mantissa botanica ... supplementum — tertium.
lll p. 4°. Vindobonae, 1843.
Bound with v. 2 of Genera plantarum.
— Generum plantarum supplementum quartum. ... pars IT.
9) p. 4°. Vindobonae, 1847.
Bound with v. 2 of Genera plantarum.
[supplementum ITV, pars IIL.| 104 p. 4°. [ Vindo-
bonae, 1850. |
Bound with v. 2 of Genera plantarum.
Tconographia generum plantarum... . 16 p. 125 ph 4°.
Vindobonae, 1838.
See also Poeppig, E. F.
Engelmann, (George, 1809-1884. The acorns and their germination.
... (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, v. 4.) 3p. 8°. [1880. |
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 7.
——— The American junipers of the section Sabina... . (Trans.
Acad. Sci. St. Louis, v. 3.) 10 p. 8°. [ St. Louis, 1877. ]
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 7,
Botanical works... . ed. by William Trelease and Asa
Gray. 548 p. 103 pl 4°. Cambridge, Mass., 1887,
— Corrections and additions to the monography of Cuscutineae
in vol. xlii of this Journal... . Am, Journ. Sei. vy. 45, p. 73-77.
1845. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 8.
——-and Bigelow, John Milton, 1804-1878. Description of the
Cactaceae. .. . Reports of explorations and surveys... for a
‘ailroad from the Mississippi river to the Pacific coast, v. 4. p.
27-58, 24 pl. 1856. 4°.
The flowering of Agave shawil.... (Trans. Acad. Sci. St.
Louis, v. 3.) 4p. 3 pl 8°. [ St. Louis, 1877. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
The genus Isoetes in North America... (Trans. Acad. Sci.
St. Louis, v. 4.) 383 p. 8°. | St. Louis, 1882. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
—A monography of the North American Cuscutineae. .
Am. Journ. Sei. v. 43, p. 333-344, pl. 1842. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Notes on Agave... . Trans. Acad. Sci, St. Louis, v. 3, p.
291-822. 1875. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7
26 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Engelmann, George (cont.). Notes on the genus Yueea....
Trans. Acad. Sei. St. Louis, v. 3. p. LT-G4. IST3. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
no. 2. Trans. Acad. Sei. St. Louis, v. 8, p. 210-214.
1878. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, ve 1; also in vy. 7.
——— The oaks of the United States... . (Trans. Acad. Sci. St.
Louis, v. 3.) I8p. 8°. St. Louis, 1876.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
——-QOaks of the United States. (Trans. Acad. Sei, St. Louis,
v.38.) 2b p. 8% [St. Louis} 1877,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
——— Revision of the genus Pinus... . (Trans. Acad. Sci. St.
Louis, v. 4.) 29 p. 3 pl 4°. St. Louis, 1880.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°,
—— Revision of the North American species of the genus Juncus.
... Reprinted from Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, v. 2, p. 424-498.
8°. St. Louis, 1868.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
——— A synopsis of the American firs... (Trans. Acad. Sei. St.
Louis, v. 3.) 10 p. 8°. [ St. Louis, 1878. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
——— The true grape vines of the United States... . (Bushberg
Catalogue.) 15 p. 8°. St. Louis, 1883.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.10.
——— Two new dioecious grasses of the United States. ... Trans.
Acad. Sci. St. Louis, v. 1, p. 431-442, pl. 12-14. 1856-60, 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
——, tr. See also Braun, A. C. HH.
Engelmann, William. Botanisches addressbuch. ... 186 p. 8%
Leipzig, 1891.
Engler, Heinrich Gustav Adolf, Lst4-— Beitriige zur kenntnis der
Araceae VITT. ... Reprinted from Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 25,
p. 302476. 8°. [ 1898. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 2h,
XxX... © Reprinted from Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 37, p.
110-143. 8°. | 1905. ]
——— Die pflanzengeographische gliederung Nordamerikas erliiu-
tert an der nordamerikanischen anlage des neuen Kéniglichen
botanischen gartens zu Dahlem. ... 94 p. plates. 8°. | Berlin,
1902.| (Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, Apx. 9.)
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 27.
——— Plantae Marlothianae. ... Reprinted from Engler’s Bot.
Jahrb. v. 10, p. 1-50, pl. 1-6. 8°. [ 1888. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Syllabus der pflanzenfamilien. ... 5., umgearb. aufl. 247
p. 8% Berlin, 1907.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 27
Engler, Heinrich Gustav Adolf (cont.). Ueber die ghederung der
vegetation von Usambara. .. . (Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Ber-
lin, 1894.) 86 p. 4°. Berlin, 1894.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
——-— Ueber die neueren fortschritte der pflanzengeographie (seit
1899). Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 30. Literaturb. p. 75-102. 1902.
8°, |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
— Ueber die vegetationsverhiiltnisse des im norden des Nyas-
sasees gelegenen gebirgslandes. ... (Sitszungsb. Preuss. Akad.
Wiss. Berlin, v. 12.) 22 p. 8% [ Berlin, 1902. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
— Uebersicht ueber die unterabteilungen, klassen, reihen, unter-
reihen und familien der embryophyta siphonogama. ... Engler
und Prantl. Natiirlichen pflanzenfamilien. Nachtrige, p. 3841-357.
1897. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
—_— Erliuterungen zu der Uebersicht. ... Engler und
Prantl. Natiirlichen pflanzenfamilien. Nachtriige, p. 858-380.
1897. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
—Ulearum Engl. nov. gen. Reprinted from Engler’s Bot.
Jahrb. v. 37, p. 95-96. -8°. | 1905. |
See also Die natiirlichen pflanzenfamilien.
Das pflanzenreich.
Berlin. K. Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitiit—Botani-
scher garten.
Erythea.... v. 1-3. 8°. Berkeley, Cal., 1893-95.
Evans, Walter Harrison, 1868— See Coulter, J. M.
F.
Farlow, William Gilson, 1844- The conception of species as af-
fected by recent investigations on fungi. (Am, Nat. v. 42.) 23 p.
8°. on. d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Diseases of trees likely to follow mechanical injuries... .
15 p. 8. [1891.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18. _
The gymnosporangia or cedar-apples of the United States.
... (Anniv. Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.) 388 p. 2 pl. 4°. Bos-
ton, 1880.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
———— Memoir of Edward Tuckerman, 1817-1886.... 14 p. 8°
[ Washington, 1887. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
28 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Farlow, William Gilson (cont.). On some new or imperfectly known
algae of the United States I... . Reprinted from Bull. Torr.
Club, v. 16, p. 1-12, pl. 1-2. 8°. [1889.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 17.
——|A sketch of cryptogamic botany in Harvard university,
1874-1896.] 16 p. 8°. | Cambridge, 1896, ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25,
Fawcett, William, 1851— A provisional list of the indigenous and
naturalized flowering plants of Jamaica... 57 p. 8°. Kings-
ton, 1893.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 21,
Fée, Antoine Laurent Apollinaire, 1789-1874. Cryptogames vascu-
laires (fougéres, lycopodiacées, hydropteridées, equisetacées) du
Brésil. ... 267 p. 78 pl. f% Paris, 1869.
II* partie: supplément et révision. ... 115 p. 79-108
pl. fe. Paris, 1872-73.
De Phistoire du Jardin botanique de Strasbourg... . 36 p.
8°. [ Strasbourg, 1858. |
Lithogr.
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Mémoire sur la famille des fougeres. ... no. 1-11. plates.
no. 14, f°, no. 6-11, 4°. Paris, Strasbourg, 1844-66.
No. 1 Examen des bases adoptées dans la classification des fougéres.
no. 2 Histoires des acrostichées. no. 3 Histoire des vittairées et des
pleurogrammeées. no, 4 Histoire des antrophytes. no. 5 Genera filicum.
no, 6-8 Iconographie des espéces nouvelles. no. 9 Catalogue méthod-
ique des fougéres. no. 10 Description de fougéres, no, 11 Histoire des
fougéres et des lycopodiacées des Antilles,
No. 1-4 bound together; no. 1-G bound together; no. 5, 11 bound
separately.
No. 9 lithogr. from ms.
Fendler, August, 1813-1883. Biography. See Canby, W. M.
Ferguson, William, 1820-1887. Ceylon ferns... . 68 p. 8°.
| Colombo] 1880.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
See also Mendis, Mudaliyar.
Fernald, Merritt Lyndon, 1873- An Alpine variety of Cnicus
muticus.... Reprinted from the Ottawa Nat. v. 19, p. 166-
167. 8°. 1905.
Antennaria plantaginea and A. parlinii.... (Asa Gray
Bull. v. 5.) 4p. pl 8°. [1897.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
A new Antennaria from eastern Quebec... . Reprinted
from Ottawa Nat. v. 19, p. 156-157. 8°. 1905.
A new goldenrod from Gaspé peninsula... . Reprinted
from Ottawa Nat. v. 19, p. 167-168. 8°. 1905,
Notes upon some northwestern Castilleias of the parviflora
group. ... Reprinted from Erythea, v. 6, p. 41-51. 8°. [1898.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 29
Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (cont.). Preliminary lists of New England
plants, — X Carex... . Reprinted from Rhodora, vy. 3, p. 218-
230, 8°. [1901]
———- The rattlesnake-plantains of New England. ... Reprinted
from KRhodora, v. 1, p. 2-7. pl. $°. [1899.]
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 25.
| Review of] Illustrated flora of the northern states and Can-
ada. Am. Journ. Sci. ser. 4, v. 6, p. 277-284. 1898. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Two northeastern allies of Salix lucida... . (Rhodora, v.
6.) Sp. 8% [ Boston, 1903. |
Two plants of the crowfoot family. ... Reprinted from
Rhodora, v. 1, p. 48-52, pl. 8°. | 1899. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Fernow, Bernhard Eduard, 1851— Report of the chief of the divi-
sion of forestry for 1891-1893... . (U.S. Dept. Agr. Rep.
1891-98.) plates. 8°. Washington, 1892-04.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19, 20, 22.
——— What is forestry... . 52 p. 8% Washington, 1891. (U.S.
Dept. Agr. Div. For. Bull. no, 5.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
Field and forest. . . . April—June, 1878. v. 3, no. 10-12. 8°.
Washington, 1878.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5.
Field Columbian museum, Chicago. Publications; botanical se-
ries. v. 1-2, no. 4; v.35, no. 1-2. 8°. Chicago, 1895-1902.
to
Figuier, Guillaume Louis, 1819-1894. Histoire des plantes.
éd. 532 p. plates. 8°. Paris, 1874.
Fitzgerald, Carlo, 1850— and Bottini, Antonio, 1850— Prodromo
dela briologia dei bacini del Serchio e della Magra... . Reprint-
ed from Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. v. 15. p.23-122. map. 8°. [1881.1
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10,
Floral cabinet and magazine of exotic botany. ... 3yv. 137
pl. 4°. London, 1837-40,
G. B. Knowles and I'rederick Westcott ed.
Flore des serres et des jardins de l’Europe. ... y. 1-23. 4°.
Gand, 1845-80,
Florida. ... 1882. See Carse, G. B.
Focke, Wilhelm Olbers, 1834- Batographische abhandlungen,
Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 4. p. 189-204. ISTH. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 14.
Bemerkungen tiber die arten von Agrimonia. ... Reprinted
from Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 14, p. 231-254. 8° [ 1897. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 25.
——— Eine birne mit zweierlei blittern. ... Abh. Naturw. Ver.
Bremen, v. 13, p. 81-86. 1894. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 21.
30 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Focke, Wilhelm Olbers (cont.).. Die keimung von Kerria. . . . Abh.
Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. . p. 343-345. 1892. 8°,
In Botanical mise ellanies, vy. 19.
Neue beobachtungen iiber artenkreuzung und selbststerilitit.
... Reprinted from Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 14, p. 297
304. 8°. [1897.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25,
Pflanzenbiologische skizzen. ... Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bre-
men, v. 13, p. 253- G68, 1896. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Ueber einige polymorphen formenkreise. . . . Reprinted
from Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 13, p. 239-244. 8°. | 1896. |
In Botanical misceNanies, v. 23.
Ueber einige rosaceen aus den hochgebirgen Neuguineas.
Abh. Naturw. Ver Bremen, v. 13, p. 161- 166, 1894. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 23,
Ueber Rubus melanolasius und undere unterarten des Rubus
idaeus. ... Reprinted from Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. 13,
p- 469-474. 8°. [1896.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 24.
Ueber unfruchtbarkeit bei bestiubung mit eigenem pollen.
I-II.... Abh. Naturw. Ver Bremen, v. 12, p. 409-416, 495-496,
1893. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
~ Vorliufige mitteilungen iiber die verbreitung elniger brontbee-
ren im westlichen Europa. Abh. Naturw. Ver. “Bremen, v. 12, p.
349-860. 1892. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19,
Forster, Carl Friedrich. Handbuch der cacteenkunde. ... 2.
ginzlich umgearb. aufl. 2 vy. 8°. Leipzig, 1885-86.
Forest influences.... 187 p. 8°. Washington, 1893. (U.
Dept. Agr. Div. For. Bull. no. 7.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
Foss, James H. See ‘Carse, G. B.
Fournier, Pierre Nicolas Hugine, 1834-1884. De la fécondation
dans les phanérogames. ... 154-p. 2 pl 8°. Paris, 1863.
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
———— Mexicanas plantas... . 2 vy. 6 pl. f°. Parisiis, 1872-86.
Sertum nicaraguense. ... Reprinted from Bull. Soc. Bot.
France, v. 19, p. 247-262. 8°. | Paris, 1872.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Sur le premier envoi de M. Edm. Kerber. . . . Bull. Soc. Bot.
France, v. 80, p. 180-188. 1883. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 13.
G.
Gartner, Joseph, 1732-1791. De fructibus et seminibus plantarum.
3v. 180 pl. 4°. Stutgardiae, 1788-91.
——— Caroli Friderici Gaertner... . Supplementum carpologiae,
256 p. 181-225 pl. 4°. Lipsiae, 1805.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 31
Gartner, Karl Friedrich von, 1772-1850, See Giirtner, Joseph.
Galeotti, Henri Guillaume, 1814-1858, Enumeratio graminearum et
cyperacearum ... In regionibus mexicanis collectarum. (Bull.
Acad. Roy. Belg. v. 9.) 23 p. 12°. | Bruxelles, 1842. ]
Bound as Plantae mexicanae,
See also Martens, Martin.
Gamble, James Sykes, 1847— See King, George.
Garcke, Friedrich August, 1819-1904. Einige worte iiber die gat-
tung Hibiscus... . Linnaea, v. 38. p. 673-698. 1874. 8°.
g I
In Botanical miscellanies, v.19.
Ueber einige malvaceengattungen. ... Engler’s Bot. Jahrb.
v. 21, p. BTD-AOL. 1895-96... 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 24.
Garnsey, Henry Edward Fowler, 1826-1903, tr. See Goebel, K. E.
Gartenflora.... vy. 1-45. 8°. Berlin, 1852-96.
[|Géel, P. C. van.|) Sertum botanicum.... 10 y¥. 600 pl. f°.
Bruxelles, [828—| 82].
Ghiesbreght, August Boniface, 1810-1893. Biography. See Rovi-
rosa, J. N,
Gilbert, Benjamin Davis, 1835-1907.) Working list of North Ameri-
can pteridophytes. ... 40 p. 8°. Utica, 1901.
Giseke, Paul Dietrich, 1741-1796. See Linne, Carl von.
Goebel, Karl Kberhard, 1855— Outlines of classification and special
morphology of plants... a new ed. of Sach’s Text book of
botany book IT; authorised English translation by Henry E. F.
Garnsey ... rev, by Isaac Bavley Balfour... . 515) p. 8°.
Oxford, 1887.
Gomez Ortega, Casimir, 1740-1518. Novarum aut rariorum plan-
tarum Horti reg. botan. Matrit. descriptionum decades. ;
| Decas) prima-decima.| 4 pts. (188 p.) 18 pl. 8°.) Matriti,
1797-1800.
[Goodale, George Lincoln, 1839— and Watson, Sereno, 1826-1892. |
List of the writings of Dr. Asa Gray. Chronologically arranged,
with an index. (Am. Journ, Sei. v. 36, apx.) 67 p. 8°. [ 1888. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v.15,
and Blake, Joseph, L[8I4-L8s88. The Portland catalogue of
Maine plants... . 12 p. 8°. Portland, L868.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.35.
Sereno Watson. ... With a list of Sereno Watson's botan-
ical writings by J. A. Allen. 2...) Reprinted from Proce. Am.
Acad. v. 27. p. 408-416, pl 8°.) Cambridge, 1893.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.19.
Gordon, George, 1806-1879. The pinetum.... New edo...
484 p. 8°. London, [S8S0.
Gorianinov, Pavel Federovich, 1796-1865. Prodromus mono-
graphiae scitaminearum.... 45 p. 4 pl f°. Petropoli, 1862.
B2 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Gottsche, Karl Moritz, 1808-1892, Lindenberg, Johann Bernhard
Wilhelm, 1781-1851 and Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gott-
fried Daniel, 1776-1858. Synopsis hepaticarum. ... 835 p. 8°.
Hamburgi, 1844.
Gray, Asa, 1810-1888. Additional note on the genus Phytidandra.
Proc. Am. Acad. vy. 6, p. 55-56. 1866. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, vy, 6.
——— Botanical contributions, 1861, 1867, 1870, 1872-79, 1884-88.
Reprinted from Proc. Am, Acad. v. 5, p. 314-352. 1860-62 ; v. 7,
p. 827-401. 1868; v. 7, p. 145-286, 243-296. 1870; v. 8. p. 365-
412, 620-661, 1873; v. 9, p. I8T-218. 1874: v.10, p. 39-78, 312-
882. 1875; Vv. 11, p. 71-104. 1876; v. 12, p. 51-84, 159-165. 1877:
v. 13, p. 861-374. 1878; v. 15, p. 25-52. 1880; v. 20, p. 257-310.
1885; v. 21, p. 3683-413. 1886; v. 22, p. 270-814. 1887; v. 28. p.
223-227, 1888. 2y. 8°. 1862-88.
Duplicates in Botanical miscellanies as follows: 1870, 1872-73 in v. 2; 1861.
1867, 1874 (2d), 1ST5-79 in v. G; 1884-85 in v. 11; 1876 in v. 13; 1886-87 in v.
14; 1888 in v. 15.
——— Botanical contributions, 1880. Reprinted from Proe. Am.
Acad. v. 16, p. 78-108. 1880. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 6,
Botanical necrology of 1885... . Reprinted from Am. Journ,
Sel. ser. 3, v. 81, p. 12-92. 8° [1886.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 11,
——— The botanical text-book. 6thed. pt.T.... 442 p. 8°. New
York and Chicago, 1879.
— Catalogue of the phaenogamous and acrogenous plants con-
tained in Gray’s Manual... . 32 p. 8°. New York, 1859.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 8.
Characteristics of the North American flora... . Reprinted
from Am. Journ, Sci. ser 3, v. 28, p. 393-340. 8°. [ 1884. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 10,
The characters of some new genera and species of Compositae
from Texas... . (Proc. Am. Acad. v. 1.) 4 p. 8° n.d.
Bound with his Botanical contributions, y. 1.
~ Characters of some new genera of plants, mostly from Polv-
nesia in the collection of the United States exploring expedition,
under Captain Wilkes. ... (Proc. Am. Acad. v. 3.) 11 p. 8°.
Cambridge, Mass., 1853.
Bound with his Botanical contributions, v. 1.
Characters of some new or obscure species of plants, of mono-
petalous orders, in the collection of the United States south Pacific
exploring expedition under Captain Charles Wilkes. ... Proce.
Am. Acad. v. 6, p. 87-55. 1886. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 6.
Contributions to North American botany... . Reprinted
from Proc. Am. Acad. v. 17, p. 163-230, 8°. 1889.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 6; also with his Botanical contributions,
Vv. 2,
€
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELIL SMITH. 38
Gray, Asa (cont.). Contributions to North American botany...
Proc. Am. Acad. y. 19, p. 1-96. 1883-84. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
Field, forest and garden botany. ... 386 p. 8°. New York,
Pages 11-32 wanting.
Gender of names and varieties... . Reprinted from Am.
Journ. Sci. ser. 3, v. 27. p. 396-898, 8°. [1884]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
Genera florae Americae boreali-orientalis illustrata, ... 2 y.
186 pl. 8°. New York, 1849.
—-—~ Introduction to structural and systematic botany ... being
a Oth and rev. ed. of the Botanical text-book. 2... 555 p o&°,
New York and Chicago. 1874.
Louis Agassiz. Reprinted from Andover Rev. v. 5, p. 88-4.
8°. [1886. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 11.
Manual of the botany of the northern United States... . 4th
rev. ed. to which is added Garden botany. ... 748 p. 22 ph 8°.
New York, | 1863].
Manual of the botany of the nerthern United States... . 5th
ed. eighth issue. 702 p. 20 pl. 8°. New York and Chicago, 1879.
Manual of the botany of the northern United States... . 6th
ed. rev. and extended westward to the 100th meridian, by Sereno
Watson ... and John M. Coulter... . 760 p 25 pl 8°. New
York and Chicago, 1890.
Memorial of George Bentham. ... Reprinted from Am,
Journ. Sei. v. 29, p. 108-113. 8°. [1885.]
In Botanical miscellanies., v.11.
Monograph of the North American species of Rhynchospora.
See Torrey, John, 1796-1873. Monograph of North Ameri-
can Cyperaceae.
Notes of a botanical excursion to the mountains of North
Carolina... . Am. Journ. Sci. v. 42, p. 1-49. 1842. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Notes upon some Rubiaceae Notes upon some Polynesian Lo-
ganiaceae. Diagnosis of the sandal-woods of the Sandwich Islands,
... (Proc, Am, Acad. v. 4.) 38 p. 8°. n.d.
Bound with his Botanical contributions, v. 1.
Notice of the botanical writings of the late C. S. Rafinesque.
Am. Journ. Sei. vy. 40. p. 221-241. 1841. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
——— Notices of European herbaria... . Am. Journ. Sei. ve 40,
p. 1-18. 1840. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. S.
22589—08——3
B34 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Gray, Asa (cont.). On the aflinities of Vavaea, Benth.; also of
Rhytidandra, Gray. ... Mem. Am. Acad. v. 5, p. 829-336.
1855. 4°.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
On the discovery of two species of Trichomanes in the state
of Alabama... . Am. Journ. Sci. ser. 2. v. 15, p. 824-826. 1855.
go
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 10.
Plantae Fendlerianae Novi-Mexicanae. . . . Mem. Am. Acad.
new ser. v. 4, p. 1-116. 1849. 4°.
With his Plantae Wrightianae.
———— Plantae Lindheimerianae, part Il... Bost. Journ. Nat.
Hist. v. 2, p. 141-240. 1850. 8°
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Plantae Wrightianae. ... 2 pts. in lv. plates, ff). Wash-
ington, 1850-52 (Smithson. Contr. Knowl.)
Plates prepared between the vears 1549 and 1859. to accom-
pany a report on the forest trees of North America... 4 p.
23 pl. f°. Washington, 1891.
Smithson. Inst. Publ. 800.
In Botanical miscellanies. f°.
Remarks chiefly on the synonomy of several North American
plants of the orchis tribe... . Am. Journ. Sei. v. 38, p. 806-311,
1840. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. Ss.
———— Remarks concerning the flora of North America... . Re-
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
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———and Trumbull. James Hammond, 1821-1897. Review of De
Candolle’s Origin of cultivated plants... . I-III. Reprinted
from Am. Journ. Sei. ser. 3, Vv. 15-16, 8°. | 1883. |
In Botanical misceNanies, vy. 9.
——— | Review of| Insectivorous plants; by Charles Darwin.
1875, Am. Journ. Sei. ser. 3, v. LL, p. 69. 1876. 8".
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
——— | Review of] Karl Koch. Vorlesungen iiber dendrologie
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Candolle éerits par lui-méme et publiés par son fils. 1862, Am.
Journ, Sei. ser. 2, v. 385. p. 1-16. 1863. 8°.
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———— | Review of] The microscope in botany... . From the Ger-
man of Dr. Julius Wilhelm Behrens .. . translated and edited by
Rey. A. B. Hervey .. . assisted by R. H. Ward... 2) S85. Am.
Journ. Sei. ser. B. ve 30. p. BL9-BL2L. TS85, 8°
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BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 35
Gray, Asa (cont.). | Review of| A natural system of botany
. by John Lindley... . 2ded.... 1836. Am. Journ. Sci.
32, p. 292-303. 1837. 8°,
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 8.
[| Review of | On the movements and habits of climbing plants
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8°,
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| Review of | The movements and habits of climbing plants; by
Charles Darwin. 2d ed... . 1875. Am, Journ. Sci. ser. 3, v. 11,
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In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 1.
——— |Review of] A systematic catalogue of the flowering plants
and ferns... in Ceylon. Comp. by Henry Trimen.... 1885.
Am. Journ. Sci. ser. 3, v. 30. p. 321-822. 1885. 8,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11.
A revision of the genus Forestiera. ... Proc. Am. Aead. v.
4, p. 368-366. 1857-60, 8°.
Bound with his Botanical contributions, v.17.
——— Revision of the North American species of the genus Calama-
grostis sect. Deveuxia. . 2. Proc. Am. Acad. vy. 6, p. T7-80. 1866.
8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 6.
———— A revision of the North American species of the genus Oxy-
tropis, DC... . Proc. Am. Acad. v. 20, p. 1-12. 1884. 8°.
Bound with his Botanical contributions, v. 2.
Sequoia and its history... . 22 p. 8° Salem, Mass., 1872.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 2,
——— Some points in botanical nomenclature... . Reprinted from
Am. Journ. Sei v. 26, p. 417-487. 8°. | 1883.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9, ;
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56-76, 1866. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 6.
——— Synoptical flora of North America. The gamopetalae being
a 2d ed. of vol. IT, part TT and vol. IT, part [, collected... . 2 pts.
in l.v. 4°. New York. 1886. (Smithson. Mise. Coll. v. 31.)
———Synoptical flora of North America: vol. T-part I; fascicles
Tand TI... . Ed. by Benjamin Lincoln Robinson... . 506 p.
4°. New: York, 1895-97.
and Hooker, Joseph Dalton, 1817—- The vegetation of the
Rocky mountain region. ... 77 p. 8°. | Washington, 1881.]
(Hayden. U. S. Geol. & Geogr. Surv. Terr. Bull. v. 6, no. 1.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 6,
— See also Brewer, W. A.
Colden, Cadwallader.
—- ~~ Corda, A. KK. J.
——.- -——— Engelmann, George.
Torrey. John,
36 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Gray, Asa (cont.) Bibliography. See Goodale, G. L.
——— Biography. See Dana, J. D.
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Karaiben.
——— Flora of the British West Indian Islands... . 789 p. 8°.
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BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOUN DONNELLL SMITH. 37
Grisebach, August Heinrich Rudolf (cont.), and Mrsted, Anders.
Sandoe, 1816-1872. Gentianeae centro-americanae. ... Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kqyébenh. 1853, p. 538-58. 8.
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raiben, ,
and Mrsted, Anders Sandoe. Malpighiaceae centro-ameri-
canae.... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kyébenh. 1853, p. 43—
p22. 8°,
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
Plantae Lorentzianae. ... (Abh. Ges. Wiss. Géttingen, v.
19.) 2381p. 2 pl. 4°. Gottingen, 1874.
Plantae Wrightianae. ... Mem. Am. Acad. new ser. v. 8,
p. 158-192, 508-536, 1860. 4°.
—— Systematische untersuchungen tiber die vegetation der Ka-
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In Botanical miscellanies, v, 21.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v.°23.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 21.
HH.
Hale, Edwin Moses, 1829-1899. Tlex cassine. .. . 22 p. 8°. Wash-
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In Botanical miscelanies, v. 18,
Hallier, Hans Gottfried. Zur convolvulaceenflora Amerika’s.
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88 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Hance, Henry Fletcher, 1828-1886. See Bentham, George.
Hanstein, Johannes Ludwig Emil Robert von, 1822-1880. Die
gesneraceen, ... Linnaea, v. 24, p. 145-216. 1858; v. 27. p.
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Harms, Hermann, 1870— See Dalla Torre, C. W. von.
Hart, John Hinchley, 1847— A botanist’s ramble in Central Amer-
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In Botanical miscellanies, v.12.
See also Trinidad. Royal botanic gardens. Bulletin of mis-
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Hartog, Marcus Manuel, 1851-, tr. See Baillon, H. F.
Harvard university herbarium. Am. Journ. Sci. ser. 39, p.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866, and Sonder, Otto Wilhelm,
1812-1881, “Flora capensis... . 3 v. 8°. London, 1859-65.
See also United States exploring expedition during the vears
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Hassler, Emile, ed. See Radlkofer, Ludwig.
Heald, Frederick De Forest, 1872— See Barnes, C. R.
Hegelmaier, Christoph Friedrich, 1833-1906. Die lemnaceen.
169 p. 16 pl 4°. Leipzig, 1868.
——— Monographie der gattung Callitriche.... 64 p. 4 pl. 4°.
Stuttgart, 1864.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
Hehl, Rudolph Alexander, 1889- Von den vegetabilischen schiitzen
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p. map. 4°. Halle, 1886.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°,
Heimerl, Anton, 1857- Monographie der nyetaginaceen. .. .
(Denkschr. Math.-naturw. Klasse Akad. Wiss. Wien. v. 70.) 41 p-
2 pl. fe. Wien, 1900,
Studien tiber einige nyctaginaceen des herbariums Delessert.
... (Annuaire Cons. ‘et Jard. Bot. Geneve, année 5.) 21 p. 8°.
[ 1901. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
Heller, Amos Arthur, 1867- Preliminary enumeration of the
lichens of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. ... 4 p. 8° Lan-
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In Botanical miscelanies, v.19.
Hemsley, William Botting, 1843— Biologia centrali-americana.
Botany... . 4. plates. f°. London, 1878-88.
Diagnoses plantarum novarum vel minus cognitarum mexi-
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Pt. 1-2 also in Botanical miscellanies, vy. 12.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 39
Hemsley, William Botting (cont.). A drift-seed (Ipomoea tube-
rosa, L.). ... Ann. Bot. v. 6, p. 369-372, pl 1892. 8°.
and Pearson, Henry Harold Welch, 1870— On a small col-
lection of dried plants obtained by Sir Martin Conway in the
Bolivian Andes. ... Reprinted from Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. v. 35,
p. 78-90. 8°. [London, 1901. |
Henckel von Donnersmarck, Leo Victor Felix, 1785-1861. No-
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With Hendel, J. C. Index genervm.
Hendel, Johann Christian, d. 1823. Index genervm a Caroli a
Linné Species plantarvm a Carolo Lydovico Willdenow editarvm
in tom. I, II, I] et TV. part. I cvrante Io. Chr. Hendel. 52 p.
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Henschen, Salomon Eberhard, 1847— Etudes sur le genre Pepero-
mia... . 53 p. 7 pl. 4°. Upsal, 18738. (Nova acta Soe. Sci.
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In Botanical miscelanies, 4°.
Henslow, John Stevens 1796-1861. A dictionary of botanical terms.
New ed. BIS p. 12°. London, n. d.
Herbert, William 1778-1847. Amaryllidaceae. ... 428 p. 48 pl.
4°, London, 1837.
L’Herbier Boissier. Bulletin. ... v.
plates. 8°. Genéve, 1893-99, 1901-date.
Mémoires. no. 1-22 inl v. 8°. Geneve, 1900.
During 1900 the Bulletin was not published, the Mémoires taking its place.
Hervey, Alpheus Baker, 1839- See Rau, E. A.
Heuffel, Johann, 1800-1857. Junci et Luzulae generum species
per Hungariam observatae.... Manuscriptum .. . publicatum
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1-7; ser. 2, v. 1-date.
Heurck, Henri van. Observationes botanicae et descriptiones
, oe r . .
plantarum novarum herbarii Van Heurckiani. ... 249 p. 8°.
Anvers, 1870.
Hilaire, Augustin Francois César Prouvencal Saint— See Saint-
Hilaire, A. F.C. P.
Hitchcock, Albert Spear, 1865- List of plants collected in_ the
Bahamas, Jamaica and Grand Cayman... . Ann. Rep. Mis-
souri Bot. Gard. v. 4, p. 47-179, pl. TI-14. 18938. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
North American species of Agrostis... . 68 p. 37 pl. 8°.
Washington, 1905. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Ind. Bull. no. 68.)
North American species of Leptochloa.... 24p. 6pl. 4°.
Washington, 1903. (U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Ind. Bull. no. 33.)
The opening of the buds of some woody plants. ... Trans.
Acad. Sci. St. Louis, v. 6, p. 188-141, 4 pl. 1895. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
40) CONTRIBUTIONS PROM THE NATIONAL TTERBARTUM.
Hitchcock, Albert Spear (cont.). The woody plants of Manhattan
in their winter condition, ... 20 p. 8°. Manhattan, 1893.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
Hollick, Charles Arthur, 1857— and Britton, Nathaniel Lord, 1859—
Cerastium arvense, L.. and its North American varieties... .
Bull. Torr. Club, v. 14, p. 45-51, pl. 63-65, 1887. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Holm, Hermann Theodor, 1854— Notes on the flowers of Anthoxan-
thum odoratum L.. 2. Proc, U. S. Nat. Mus. v. 15, p. 399-408,
pl 1s92. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
Holzinger, John Michael, 1853- The systematic position of Hart-
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In Botanical miscelanies, v. 20.
Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton, 1817— Address to the geographical sec-
tion of the British association. ... 12 p. 8°. | London, 1881. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
—— The flora of British India. ... 7 v. 8°. London, 1875-1897.
— Handbook of the New Zealand flora... . 798 p. 8°. Lon-
don, 1864,
——- Lettres de J. D. Hooker sur le Maroc... . [Traduit de
W. B.] (Le Globe, journal de géographie.) 19 p. 8°. n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, y. 15. ,
~A-sketch of the flora of British India... . 55 p. 8°. Lon-
don, 1904.
—— The student's flora of the British Islands... . 2d ed. 539 p.
16°. London, 1878.
——- See also Bentham, George.
- La Maout, J. KE. M.
— ——— Gray, Asa.
Hooker, Sir William Jackson, 1785-1865, and Arnott. George Arnott
Walker, 1799-1868. The botany of Captain Beechey’s vovage. . .
485 p. 100 pl. 4°. London, 18-41.
—— British ferns... . v. p. 66 pl 4°. London, 1861.
-——— A century of ferns... . 981, 98 pl. 4°. London, 1854.
~——— A second century of ferns... . 100 numb. 1. 100 pl. 4°.
London, 1864,
sound with his Century of ferns.
Exotic flora... 3. y. 229 pl. 8°, Edinburgh, 1823-97.
~-—— Filices exoticae, 2... v. p. 100 pl 4°. London. 1859,
———— Genera filicum. . 2. 1201 120 pl 4°. London, 1842,
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOTIN DONNELL SMITH. 4]
Hooker, Sir William Jackson (cont.), and Greville, Robert Kaye,
1794-1866, Teones filieum. ... 2 ve 240 pl f& Londini,
1829-31,
Niger flora... 587 p. 52 pl. 8°. London, 1849.
Species filicum. ... 5 v. 304 pl 8°. London. 1846-64.
——— Synopsis fiheum.... 2d ed. 559 p. 9 pl 8°. London,
1874.
ed. See also Botanical miscellany: Hooker's Icones planta-
rum; Journal of botany; London journal of botany.
Hooker’s icones plantarum. ... vy. 1-27. plates. 4°. London,
1837-1901.
Hooker’s journal of botany and Kew garden miscellany. ...
9v. plates. 8°. London, 1849-57.
Horaninow, Paul. See Gorianinow, Pavel Federovich.
House, Homer Doliver, 1ST8— See Rose, J. N.
Houstoun, William, 16957-1733. Reliquiae Houstounianae. ... 12
p. 26 pl 4°. Londini, 1781.
Humboldt, Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von, baron,
1769-1859, and Bonpland, Aimé Jacques Alexandre, 1773-1858.
Monographia melastomacearum. ... In ordinem digessit Ama-
tus Bonpland. Melastomae. 142 p. 60 pl. f°. Tautetiae Pari-
siorum, 1816. (Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. 6. ptie.
Botanique. )
and ————- Monographie des melastomes et autres genres du
méme ordre, vy compris les rhexies. 106,80 p. 75 pl. f°. Paris,
1823. | Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. 6. ptie. Botanique. |
P. 1-106 and pl. 1-45 are duplicates of pages and plates in Monographia
melastomarum, TV’, SI-1458 and pl. 31-60 wanting.
and Plantes équinoxiales. ... 2v. 140pl. f°. Paris,
1813. (Vovage de Humboldt et Bonpland. 6. ptie. Botanique. )
— See also Bonpland, A. J. A.
Hussey, John, 1831-1888. Report on the botany of Barren and
“dmonson counties . . . with an introduction by N.S. Shaler... .
32 p. 8°. | Frankfort, 1876. |
Geological survey of Kentucky.
In Botanical miscellanies, ves.
I.
In memoriam. Asa Gray. 49 p. 8°.) Cambridge, Mass., 1888,
In Botanical miscellanies, v.15.
Index kewensis plantarum phanerogamarum.... a Linnaeo
usque ad annum 1&8... . Confecit B. Daydon Jackson. 2 v.
in 4, f°. Oxon, 1898-95.
Supplementum primum... ab initio anni 1886 usque ad
finem anni 1895... . Confecerunt Theophilus Durand et B.
Daydon Jackson. 4 pt. in lv. f°.) Bruxellis, 1901-06.
42 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Index kewensis plantarum phanerogamarum.... (coiit.).
Supplementum secundum .. . ab initio anni 1896 usque ad finem
1900.2... W. T. Thiselton-Dver confecerunt.... 204 p. f°.
Oxonii, 1904.
India; Botanical survey. Records of the Botanical survey of India.
v. lj no. 1-4. 8°.) Calcutta, 1893-94.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
J.
Jackson, Benjamin Daydon, Is46— A glossary of botanic terms.
.. 3827p. 12°. London, 1900.
Guide to the hterature of botany. ... 626 p. 8°. London,
1881. (Index Soc. Publ. no. 8.)
See also Index kewensis.
Jacquin, Joseph Franz von, baron, 1766-1839. Eclogae plantarum.
we. YW. 169 pl f°. Vindobonae, 1811-4.
Vol. 1 has 1 additional plate, pl. 157 was never published, pl. 167 wanting.
[Jacquin, Nikolaus Joseph, freiherr von.| 1727-1817. Dreyhun-
dert auserlesene amerikanische gewiichse. ... 6 v. in 3. 300 pl.
8°. Ntirnburg, 1785-88.
Composed chiefly of reduced copies of the plates of his Selectarum stir-
pium americanarum historia,
Observationum botanicarum iconibus ab auctore delineatis
illustratarum. ... 4 pts in Ll v. 100 pl. f°. Vindobonae,
1764-71.
——-Oxalis.... U9 p. Sl pl 4°. Viennae, 1794.
——— Plantarum rariorum Horti caesaret Schoenbrunnensis de-
scriptiones et icones. 4+ vy. 500 pl. f°. Viennae, 1797-1804.
——— Selectarum stirpium americanarum historia... . 284 p.
182 pl. f°. Vindobonae, 1763.
James, Davis Lawler, 1845— Notices of the floras of Cincinnati,
published from 1815 to 1879. . 2. (Journ. Cincin. Soc. Nat. Hist,
1881.) Gp. 8°. [Cinemnati, IS81.|
In Botanical miscelanies, v. 5.
James, Joseph Francis, 1857-1897. Catalogue of the flowering
plants, ferns, and fungi growing in the vicinity of Cincinnati.
. (Journ. Cinein. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1879.) 27 p. 8°. | Cinein-
nati, 1879. |
Fungi by T. G. Lea.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5,
Index to the Carex of Gray’s Manual. ... 11 p. 8° n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 5.
James, Thomas Potts, 1803-1882. Musci. ... Wheeler Rep. U.S.
Geogr. Surv. west of the 100th meridian, v. 6, p. 341-849. 187s.
4°
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°,
——— See also Lesquereux, C. L.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELI SMITH. 43
Jenman, George Samuel, 1845-1902. The ferns and fern allies of
the British West Indies and Guiana. ... 145 p. 4°. [Port of
Spain, Trinidad, 1898-1906. |
This work appeared with Bull. Misc. Inform. Trinidad. v. 3, no, 18, 15,
18 apx., 19 apx., 21 apx.; 1906, no. 49, 50.
— A hand-list of the Jamaica ferns and their alhes. ... 65 p.
12°. Demerara, 1881.
In Botanical miscellanies, ve. 9% and v. 17.
———— Remarks on the aspect and flora of the Kaieteur savannah.
Timehri, v. 1. p. 229-250. 1882. 8°
In Botanical miscellanies, v.16,
——— Synopsis of the Lycopodiaceae and their alles... .
(Timehri, v. 5; new ser. v. 1.) 39 p. 8°. nd.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
Johnson, Duncan Starr, 18S67— The development and relationship
of Monoclea. .. . Reprinted from Bot. Gaz. v. 38. p. 185-205, pl.
16-17. 8°. 1904. (Contr. Bot. Lab. Johns Hopkins Univ. no. 2.)
— and Barnhart. John Tflendley, 1871— List of biological serials
in the libraries of Baltimore, 1901.) 41 p. 8°. Baltimore, 1902.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 26 and vy, 27.
——— On the development of certain Piperaceae. ... Reprinted
from Bot. Gaz. v. 34, p. 821-840, 2 pl. 8°. Chicago, 1902.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
On the development of the leaf and sporocarp in Marsilia
quadrifolia, L. Reprinted from Ann. Bot. v. 12, p. 119-145, pl.
10-12, 8°. 1898.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 25.
Seed development in the Piperales and its bearing on the re-
lationship of the order... . Reprinted from Johns Hopkins
Univ. Cire, no. 178, p. 20-82. 8°. 1905.
Johnson, Iizekiel Porter, 1798-1865. Biography. See Rovirosa,
J. N,
Journal of botany, being a second series of the Botanical miscel-
lany.... By Wilham Jackson Hooker. 2... v. 1-4, 1884—Jan,
1842. plates. 8°. London, 1834-42.
Journal of botany, British and foreign. v. l-date. plates. 8°.
London, 1863-date.
Wanting v. S, 1STO.
Jussieu, Adrien de, 1797-1853. Monographie des malpighiacées.
.. (Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris. v. 3.) 151 p. 28 pl f°.
Paris, 1845.
Seconde partie. (Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, v. 3.)
368 p. 29-386 pl. f°. | Paris, 1843. |
Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, 1748-1836. Genera plantarum... .
498 p. 8°. Parisiis, 1789.
Just’s botanischer jahresbericht. ... vy. 1-23, 1873-95. 8°. Ber-
lin, 1874-98.
44 CONTRIBUTIONS PROM THE NATIONAL TTERBARIUM.
K.
Kamenskii, Frantz Michailovich. [851— Neue und beschriebene
arten der gattung Utricularia... . (Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges. v. 12.)
7p. 8° [1894.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 24.
Kanitz, Agost, 1843-1896. See Heuffel, Johann.
See Kitaibel, Paul.
Karsten, Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann, 1817- Auswahl neuer
und schén blithender gewiichse Venezuela’s. . 2. 40 p. 12 pl. f°.
Berlin, 1848.
——— Florae Columbiae terrarumque adiacentium specimina selecta,
Pv. 200 pl. f°. Berolini, 1858-69,
~ Plantae columbianae fasciculus primus... . (uinnaea, v.
Y8.) lis p. 8°. Halis Saxonum, 1857.
Bound with Mrsted, A. S. Praecursores florae centroamericanae,
Kaulfuss, Georg Friedrich, d. 1830. Enumeratio filicum. . .. 800
p. 2 pl 8°. Lipsiae, 1824.
Kearney, Thomas Henry, 1874— Notes on grasses and forage plants
of the southeastern states... . 28 p. 8°. Washington, 1895.
U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agros. Bull. no. 1.)
| £ g£
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 23.
and Scribner, Frank Lamson-, 1851- Studies on American
grasses... . 62 p. 17 pl. 8°. Washington, 1898. (U.S. Dept.
Agr. Div. Agros, Bull. no. 11.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25,
Kellogg, Albert, 1813-1887. See Greene, FE. L.
Kelsey bros. Annual price list of the Highlands nursery, for the
fall of 1887 and spring of 1888. ... 4p. 8° n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 14.
Kerber, Edmund. Jacaratia conica, n. sp... . Jahrb. Bot. Gart.
Berlin. v. 2, p. 279-284, pl. 1883. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15,
Riickblick auf Cordoba, ... Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 4. p.
5OI-518. 1883. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
Kerchove de Denterghem, Oswald, comte de, 1844-1906. Les
palmiers. ... 348 p. 40 pl 4°. Paris, 1878,
Kerner von Marilaun, Anton, 1831-1898. Schedae ad_ floram
exsiccatam Austro-hungaricam a Museo botanico universitatis vin-
dobonensis editam. ... 136 p. 8°. Vindobonae, 1881.
II. Editio anni 1882. 175 p. pl. 8°. Vindobonae,
1882.
Editio anni 1883. 177 p. 8°. Vindobonae, 1884.
IV. 114 p. 8°. Vindobonae, 1886.
Kew. Royal gardens. Bulletin of miscellaneous information. .. .
1890-98; 1899, apx. 4; 1900, apx. 3; 1901-06, apx. 2. plates. 8°.
London, 1890-1906.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELIL SMITH. 45
Kew. Royal Gardens (cont.). Catalogue of the brary. 790 p.
8°. London, 1899. (Bull. Misc. Inform. Additional ser. v. 3.)
Bound in 2 vy,
—See also Great Britain. Treasury. Botanical work com-
nuttee.
Kindberg, Nils Conrad, 1832- See Macoun, John.
King, George, 1840— Materials for a flora of the Malayan penin-
sula.... (Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal. pt. 2 of v. 58, 60, 62, 64,
66, 69, 71-74, extra no. v. 74, pt. 2.) no. 1-20. 8°. Calcutta,
1889-1907,
No. 14-20 by George King and J. 8S. Gamble.
No. 1-18 in 3 v.; no. 16-20 published in London.
——— The species of Ficus of the Indo-Malayvan and Chinese coun-
trie. 2... 2 ve 231 pl. f°. Calcutta, 1887-88. (Ann. Roy.
Bot. Gard. Calcutta, v. 1.)
Kirk, Thomas, 1828-1898. Botanical notes... . Trans. & Proc.
N. Z. Inst. v. 16, p. 367-368. 1884. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10,
Description of a new pine... . Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v.
16, p. 870-871, pl Issd. 0 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10,
Description of a new species of Fagus... . Trans. & Proc.
N. Z. Inst. v. 17, p. 297-298, pl. 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11.
Description of new plants collected on Stewart island... .
Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 16, p. 871-374, pl. 1884. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
Notes on Botryehium lunaria. ... Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst.
v. 16, p. 366-367. 1884. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
Notes on Carmichaelia. ... Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 16,
p. 878-882, pl. 30-33. 1884. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v, 10.
——_— Notes on plants from Campbell island. 2...) Trans. & Proc.
N. Z. Inst. v. 14, p. 387-389. 1882. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
——— Notes on recent additions to the New Zealand flora... .
Trans. & Proc, N. Z. Inst. v. 14, p. 882-886. ISs82. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
——— Notes on the New Zealand beeches. . 2.) Trans. & Proc. N. Z.
Inst. v. 17, p. 298-306, 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.71.
——— Notice of the discovery of Amphibromus in New Zealand... .
Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 16, p. 874-875, pl. 1884. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
——-— Notice of the occurrence of a species of Rhagodia at Port
Nicholson. ... Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 16, p. 369-370.
1884. 8°. —
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 10.
46 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Kirk, Thomas (cont.). Notice of the occurrence of Triodia and
Atropis in New Zealand. ... Trans. & Proc, \. Z, Inst. \. 14, p.
378-379. 1882. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 7.
——— On Lycopodium varium, R. Br. and LL. billaldieri, Spring. .
Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 16, p. 376-877. pl S884. 5°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.10.
— ~~ On the ferns and fern allies of Stewart island...) Trans. &
Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 17, p. 228-254. 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 11.
— On the flowering plants of Stewart island... . Trans. &
Proce. N. Z. Inst. v. 17, p. 218-228. 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 11.
——— On the New Zealand olives... . Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst.
v. 14, p. 3875-878. 1882. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
———— On the punui of Stewart island, Aralia lyalli, n. s.
Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. v. 17, p. 298-296, pl 1885. 8°.
In Botanical miscetlanies, v. 11.
— A revision of the New Zealand Lepidia. ... Trans. & Proc,
N. Z. Inst. v. 14, p. 8379-882. 1882. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
Kitaibel, Paul, 1757-1817. Acrobrya protophyta Tlungariae.
Linnaea, v. 32, p. 263-282. 1868. 8°.
3ound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Reliquiae Kitaibelianae ... publicatae Augusto Kanitz.
(Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, v. 12-13.) 139 p. 8°. Vindobonae.
1862-63.
Bound as Botanique, Brochures diverses 2.
Kjaerskou, Hjalmar Frederik Christian, 1885-1900. Knumeratio
myrtacearum brasiliensium.... 199 p. 24 pl 8°. Hauniae,
1893. (Particula XXXTX Symbolarum ad floram Brasihae cen-
tralis cognoscendam edidit Kug. Warming. )
Klatt, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1825-1897. Ergiinzungen und _ berichti-
gungen zu Baker’s Systema irideacearum. ... Abh. Naturf. Ges.
Halle, v. 15, p. 885-404. 18sv. 4°.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°,
Neue compositen, in dem herbar des Herrn Francaville ent-
deckt.... (Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle, v.15.) [4 p. 4°. Halle,
1881.
In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
See also Leopoldina.
Klotzsch, Johann Friedrich, 1805-1860. Begoniaceen-gattungen.
. (Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1854.) 135 p. 12 ph.
4°. Berlin, 1855,
seitriige zu einer flora der aequinoctial-gegenden der neuen
welt... . Linnaea, v. 25, p. 268 292. 1852. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 17.
See also Tank. TL. FE.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JONN DONNELL SMITH. 47
Knowles, George Beauchamp, fl. 1829-1852. See Floral cabinet.
Knowlton, Frank Hall, 1860— Directions for collecting recent and
fossil plants... . 46 p. 8°. Washington, 1891. (Bull. U. S.
Nat. Mus. Pt. B. no. 39.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18.
Koch, Wilhelm Daniel Joseph, 1771-1849. Synopsis florae germani-
cae et helveticae. ... 844 p. 8°. Francofurti ad Moenum. 1837.
Koehne, Bernhard Adalbert Emil, 1848— Die gattungen der poma-
ceen. .. . 38 p. 2 pl. 8°. Berlin, 1890. (Wiss. Beil. Progr.
Falk-realgymn. Berlin, Ostern 1890.)
—Lythraceae adjectis specierum nonnullarum extra-americana-
rum deseriptionibus. ... Engler’s Bot. Jahrb, v. 23. beibl. 57, p.
17-86. 1897. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 2h.
The Lythraceae of the United States... . Bot. Gaz. v. 10.
p. 269-277, pl. 1885. 8°
In Botanical miscellanies, v.11.
Kornicke, Friedrich August. 1828 Monographie marantearum
prodromus. ... Nouv, Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mose. v. 11, p. 297-
362, pl. 6-15. 1859. 4°,
———~ Monographiae marantearum prodromus pars altera....
(Bull. Soe, Imp. Nat. Mose. v.35.) 147 p. 8°. Mosquae, 1862.
Kranzlin, Fritz, 1847— Orchidaceae herbarii Dom. J. Arechava-
letae. . . . Reprinted from Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. vy, 9, p. 315-318,
8°. n.d
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 15.
Krug, Carl Wilhelfh Leopold. 1833-1898. Pteridophyta herbarii
’ : Opola, paye
Krug et Urban... 2 Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 24. p. 77-152. 1898,
8°. (Urban. I. Additamenta ad cognitionem forae Indiae orien-
talis TV.)
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25,
Kuhn, Friedrich Adalbert) Maximilian, 1842-1894. Beitrige zur
mexicanischen farnflora.... Abh. Naturf., Ges. Halle. v, 11. p.
23-47, 1870. 4°.
In Botanical miscellanies, 4°,
Kunth, Karl Sigismund, 1788-1850. Enumeratio plantarum om-
mium hucusque cognitarum. ... 5 vy. 8° Stutgardiae et Tu-
bingiae, 1838-50,
———————— Supplementum tomi primi... . 436 p. 40 pl. 8°,
Stutgardiae et Tubingiae, 1835. (Agrostographia svnoptica,
tomus secundus. )
———— Révision des graminées. 2 vy. plates. f°. Paris, 1829-35.
(Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. 6. ptie. Botanique.)
—— Synopsis plantarum quas, in itinere ad plagam aequinoctialem
orbis novi, collegerunt Al. de Humboldt et Am. Bonpland. .. .
4v. 8°. Parisiis, 1822-25,
See also Bonpland, A. J. A,
48 CON URIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Kuntze, Karl Ernst Otto, 1845-1907. Additions aux lois de nomen-
clature botanique (code Parisien de 1867). 15 p. 8°. [Paris, n. d. |
Die bewegung in der botanischen nomenclatur von ende 1891
bis mai 1893. (Bot. Centralbl. v. 54.) 32 p. 8°. [ Cassel, 1893. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
Codex nomenclaturae botanicae. ... (Kuntze, K. EB. OO. Re-
visio generum plantarum. v. 3.) xxxil p. 8°. [Wiirzburg.]
1893.
——— Exposé sur les Congrés pour Ja nomenclature botanique.
15 p. 8°. | Geneve, 1900. |
——— Geogenetische beitriige.... 77 p. 8°. Leipzig. 1895,
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25,
—_—— Liste seit 1891 bereits anerkannter legal renovirter und ™ nicht
verjilrter ” phanerogamer gattungsnamen. ... His Revisio gene-
rum plantarum. v.38, p. 101-124. 1893. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26,
Nomenclaturae botanicae. ... 64 p. 8°. Stuttgart, 1903.
—_— Protest gegen die zweite “Commission internationale de
nomenclature botanique.” 4+ p. 8°. Karlsruhe, 1902.
—_.—Revisio generum plantarum.... pt. 1-8. 8°. Leipzig,
1891-93.
Pts. 1-2 bound together; pt. 3, separately.
——— Ueber neue nomenclatorische aeusserungen. 8 p. 8°. Cassel,
n. d.*
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
See also Post, T. EK. von.
Botanischer verein fiir die proving Brandenburg. Ver-
handlungen. 1884.
Kunze, Gustav, 1798-1851. Additamentum enumerationis filicum
mexicanarum. ... ad Linnaeae tom. V. p. 605-625. Linnaea,
v. 13, p. 129-153. 1839, 12°,
With Sehlechtendal, ID. F. LL. Plantarum mexicanarum a_ cel. viris
Schiede et Deppe collectarum recensio brevis,
Analecta pteridographica. ... 50 p. 30 pl. f°. Lipsiae.
1837.
——— Die farrnkriiuter. .. . Schkuhr’s Farrnkriiuter, Supplement.
2v.in 1. 140 pl. 4°. Leipzig. 1840-47,
Kurtz, Fritz. [ Araceae, auctore A. Engler... . 1879.| Reprinted
from Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. vy. 21, p. 166-176, 8°.
| Berlin, 1879. ]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Bericht iiber zwei reisen zum gebiet des oberen Rio Salado
ausgefiihrt in den jahren 1891-1892 und 1892-1898... . Re-
printed from Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb., v. 85, p. 95-149. 8°.
| Berlin, 1898. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25,
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 49
Kurtz, Fritz (cont.). Collectanea ad floram) argentinam. .. .
(Bol. Acad. Nac. Cienc. Cérdoba, vy. 16.) 51 p. 8°. Buenos
Ayres, 1900.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.26.
———— Essai dune bibliographic botanique de Argentine... . (Boll.
Acad. Nac. Cienc. Cordoba, v. 16.) 90 p. 8°. Buenos Ayres, 1900,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 26.
———— Die flora der Tschuktschenhalbinsel. Nach den sammlungen
der gebriider Krause... . Engler’s Bot. Jahrb. v. 19, p, 482-493.
IS94-95. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25.
Die flora des Chileatgebietes im siidéstlichen Alaska, nach den
sammlungen der gebriider Krause... . 1882. Engler’: Bot.
Jahrb, v. 19, p. 827-481. 1894-95, 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25.
| Halesia tetraptera.| Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. v. 17,
p. 68-71. 1875. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Informe preliminar de un viaje botanico ... en las provip
clas de Cordoba, San Luis v Mendoza hasta la frontera de Chile. en
los meses de dicembre 1885 4 febrero de 1886... . (Bol. Acad.
Nac. Cienc., Cordoba, v. 9.) 23 p. 8°. Buenos Aires, 1887.
»
In Botanical miscellanies, ve 13.
| Pflanzen von den Aucklandsinseln.| Reprinted from Verh.
Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. v. 18, p. 3-12. 8°. | Berlin. n. d.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Seit meiner ersten mittheilung iiber die flora der Aucklands-
inseln. (Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb, v. 19.) 2p. 8°. [ Ber-
lin, n. d.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Sertum cordobense. ... (Rev. Mus. La Plata, v. 5.) 23 p.
8°.° La Plata, 1893.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 22. .
Ueber die von den docteren Aurel und Arthur Kratise von der
Tschuktschen-halbinsel mitgebrachte pflanzensammlung. (Deutsche
Geogr. Blitt. v. 5.) I leaf. 12°. Berlin, 1882.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
Verzeichnis der auf Island und den Faer-oern im sommer 1883
von Dr. Konrad Keilhack gesammelten pflanzen. ... Reprinted
from Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. v. 36, p. 150-158. &°.
| Berlin, 1894. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v.25.
—~ Dos viajes botanicos al Rio Salado superior... en Jos anos
IS91-92 y TS92—-93. 2... (Bol. Acad. Nae. Clene. Cordoba, vy. 13.)
42 p. 8°. Buenos Aires, 1803.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 27.
——— Aur kenntnis der Darlingtonia californica Porrey. 2... (Verh.
Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb, v. 20.) xxiv p. 8°. Berlin, 1. d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
22539—08——4
50 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
L.
Lager, Jean Baptiste Saint- See Saint-Lager, J. B.
Lagerheim, Nils Gustaf von, 1860- Monographie der ecuadoria-
nischen arten der gattung Brugmansia Pers... . Engler’s Bot.
Jahrb. v. 20, p. 655-668 pl. 1895, 8°.
In Botanical miscelanies, v.25,
—_— Fine neue, goldgelbe Brugmansia. ... (Gartenflora, v. 42.)
3p. 8°. [18938.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Die “siempreviva” von Quito... . (Gartenflora, v. 42.)
46p. 8°. [1893.]
Paged with his Eine neue, goldgelbe Brugmansia... .
In Botanical miscellanies, y. 25.
Ueber die andinen Alchemilla-arten. ... Ofvers. Svensk.
Vetensk. Akad. Forh. v. 51, p. 15-18. 1894. 8°,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
——— Zur kenntnis der tovariaceen. ... Reprinted from Ber.
Deut. Bot. Ges. v. 10, p. 163-169, 8°. [1892.]
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 28.
La Liave, Pablo de, 1773-1883 and Lexarza. Juan Martinez de,
1785-1824. Novorum vegetabilium descriptiones. ... pt. 1-2.
8°. Mexici, 1824-25.
Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829.
Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique.... 8v. 4°. Paris, 1783—
1808.
— Supplément. 5 vy. 4°. Paris, 1810-17.
———— Recueil de planches.... 4 v. 1,000 pl. 4°. Paris, 1823.
Lange, Johan Martin Christian, 1818-1898. Descriptio iconibus
illustrata plantarum novarum vel minus cognitarum, praecipue e
flora hispanica.... 20 p. 385 pl. f°. Hauniae, 1864.
Langlois, Auguste Barthélemy, 1832-1900. Catalogue provisoire
de plantes phanérogames et cryptogames de la Basse-Louisiane,
Etats-Unis d’Amérique. .. . 35 p. 8°. Pointe a la Hache [1887].
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 14.
La Sagra, Ramon de. See Sagra, Ramon de la.
Lavallée, Pierre Alphonse Martin, 1836-1884. Les clématites a
erandes fleurs.... 88 p. 24 pl. f°. Paris, 1884.
Lea, Thomas Gibson, 1785-1844. See James, J. F.
Lechler, Wilibald, 1814-1856. Berberides Americae australis... .
59 p. 16°. Stuttgartiae, 1857.
Bound with @rsted, A. 8. Praecursores florae centroamericanae, 8°.
Le Conte, John Eatton, 1784-1860. Observations on the North
American species of the genus Viola... . Ann, Lyc. Nat. Hist-
N.Y. v. 2, p. 135-155. 1828. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 51
Le Conte, John Eatton (cont.). On the North American plants
of the genus Tillandsia. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N.Y. v. 2, p. 129-
182. 1829. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Lecoyer, J. C. Monographie du genre Thalictrum.... Bull.
Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. v. 24. p. 78-325, pl. 1-5. 1885, 8°,
Le Maout, Jean Emmanuel Marie, d. L877 and Decaisne, Joseph,
1807-1882. A general system of botany. ... Translated... by
Mrs. Hooker... with additions by J.D. Hooker. 2... 1066. p,
8°. London, 1873,
Leopoldina. vy. 20, 23. 4°. Hlalle, ISS4. ISS7,.
Contain articles by IF. W. Klatt on Compositae.
Lesquereux, Charles Léo, 1SO06-1880 and James, Thomas Potts,
1803-1882. Descriptions of some new species of North American
mosses... . With a supplement by W. P. Schimper... . Proce.
Am. Acad. v. 14, p. 188-141. I8T9. 0 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
——— and ———~— Manual of the mosses of North America. . .
447 p. 6 pl. 8°. Boston, 1884.
——— On the origin and formation of praimies. ... (Am. Journ.
Sei ser, 2,.v. 39) 19 p. 8°. | 1865. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 1.
— See also Sullivant, W. Ss.
Lessing, Christian Friedrich, 1810-1862. Synopsis generum com-
positarum. ... 473 p. pl. 8°. Berolini, 1833,
Lewis, Ivey Foreman, 1882— Notes on the development of Phyto-
lacea decandra L. Reprinted from Johns Hopkins Univ. Cire. no.
178, p. d8-48. 8°. L905.
Lexarza, Juan Martinez de, 1785-1824. See La Llave, Pablo de.
L’Héritier de Brutelle, Charles Louis, 1796-1800. Stirpes novae
et minus cognitae.... 6 pts. in Lov. 84 pl. f°. Parisiis,
1784-85.
Liebmann, Frederik Michael, 1813-1856. Chenes de l’Amérique
tropicale. .. . Achéve et augmenté dun Apercu sur la classifica-
tion des chénes en général par ALS. Mrsted. . 2. 29 p. 57 pl. f°.
oO "
Leipzig, 1869.
Mexicos bregner. ... Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. v. 1,
p. 151-822. 1849. 4°.
Bound as Mexicos og centralamericas filices.
Mexicos halvgraes. ...) Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. v. 2,
9-277. 1851. 4°
p. 189-277. LSol. .
Bound as Mexicos og centralamericus filices.
Mexicos og central-americas begonier. .. . Vidensk. Medd.
Naturh. For. Kjébenh. 1852, p. I-22. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
52 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Liebmann, [Frederik Michael (cont.). Mexicos og central-americas
neldeagtige planter (ordo: Urticaceae). . Danske Vidensk.
Selsk. Skrift. v. 2, p. 285-843. 1851. 4°,
Bound as Mexicos centralamericas filices,
‘___Mexicos og central-americas rubi.... Vidensk. Medd.
Naturh. For. Kyjébenh. 1852, p. 150-164. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
Lindau, (Gustave, 1866— Acanthaceae americanae.... (Bull.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v.25.
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| Genéve, 1904-05. |
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Linden, Jean Jules, 1817-1898 and Planchon, Jules Emile, 1823-
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Lindenberg, Johann Bernhard Wilhelm, 1781-1851. See Grottsche,
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Tcones plantarum select tarum Horti regii botanici berolinensis . .
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Vol. 2-4, Holmiae, 1751-59
Critica botanica .... accedit Johannis Browallii De necessi-
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Fundamenta botanica.... Editio tertia.... of p. 8°.
Amstelaedami, 1741.
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518 p. Y pl s°. Halae ad Salam, 1809.
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Ludovico Willdenow. 6 vy. in 12. 8°. Ber olini, 1797-1825,
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BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITHL. 53
Linné, Carl von (cont.). Systema, genera, species plantarum uno
volumine ... sive Codex botanicus Linnaeanus.... In usum
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Bound in 2 v.
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Petermann.... 202 p. 4°. Lipsiae, 1840.
Zound with his Systema, genera, species plantarum uno volumine. vy. 2.
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C.G. Lloyd. vol. I. 1898-1905. 20 p. 8°. Cincinnati, 1905,
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Cincinnati, 1906.
Loddiges, Conrad & sons. The botanical cabinet. .. . 20 v. 2001
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Vol. 1 has wrong t.-p.
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1897. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
Plantae Selerianae.... I-III. (Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 2, 3,
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25, 24, 26.
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——— See also Millspaugh, C. F.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 12.
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54 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Lotsy, Johannes Paulus, 1867—- Balanophora globosa Jungh. . . .
Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. v. 16. p. L74-186, pl. 26-29. L899. 8°.
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Contributions to the life-history of the genus Gnetum. .
Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. v. 16. p. 46-114. pl. 2-11. 1899. 4°.
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The formation of the so-called cypress-knees of the roots of
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20,
The herbarium and library of Capt. John Donnell Smith... .
(Johns Hopkins Univ. Cire. no, 109.) 11 p. 8°. [Baltimore,
1894. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 21,
Rhopalocnemnis phalloides Jungh.... Ann. Jard. Bot.
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Irritability and movement in plants... . (Pop. Sei. Month,
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In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 28,
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 20.
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In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 15.
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——~— Minnesota plant life... . 568 p. 4 pl) 8°. Saint Paul
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Geological and natural history survey of Canada.
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and Notice sur les plantes des familles des vaccinées et
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56 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ‘THR NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 24.
—— On the Passifloreae collected by M. Edouard André in Ecuador
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In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 12.
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pl. 12%. London, 1825-[42. |
The auctarium of the Botanic garden... . pt. 1. 220
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The floral register... . pt. 1. 180 p. 12° n.d.
Auctarium and Floral register bound in 1 v.
Maury, P. Le tracé des cartes de géographie botanique au Congres
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In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 26. .
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[ 1905. |
Two new ferns of the genus Polypodium, from Jamaica.
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Meehan, Thomas, 1826-1901. Contributions to the life histories of
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Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson, 1829-1908. Notes on Sarracenia
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Tn Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
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Mettenius, Georg Heinrich, 1823-1866. Filices Horti botanici lip-
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Ueber die Hymenophyllaceae. .. 2 (Abh. Math.-phys. Classe
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In Botanical miscellanies, 4°.
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Meyer. Georg Friedrich Wilhelm, 1782-1856. | Primitiae florae
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 18; also in v. 19.
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5S CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Micheli, Mare, 1844-1902. Alphonse de Candolle et son oeuvre
scientifique. ... (Arch. Sei. Phys. Nat. 3. pér. v. 80.) 59° p.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 21.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 25.
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15 p. 8°. Geneve,
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 19.
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In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
On the Apocynaceae of South America... . 291 p. 35 pl.
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In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
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In Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
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Bound with his On the Hippocrateaceae of South America.
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Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 27, p. 95-110, pl. 26-28. 18T1. Ae.
in Botanical miscellanies. 4°.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOIDN DONNELL SMITH. 59
Miller, Mlihu Sanford, 1848- and Young, Henri Wilson, 1847- Cat-
alogue of the phacnogamons and acrogenous plants of Suffolk
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In Botanical miscellanies, v.38.
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plates. 8°. St. Louis, 1893-1906.
Mocinio, José Mariano, d. 1819. See Sessé, Martin.
Mohr, Charles Theodore, 1824-1901. The forests of the vicinity of
Mobile... . Gp. 8°. ned.
From Scenes and settlers of Alabama,
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 11.
——— Rhus cotinoides, Nutt. 2... Proc. Acad. Phila. 1882, p. 217—
220, 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 8.
Montagne, Jean Francois Camille, 1784-1866. See Sagra, Ramon
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Moore, Albert IHlanford, 1S83— A list of plants collected in Bermuda
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Moore, Thomas, [svl-lss7. Index filicum.... 396 p. 84 pl.
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Published in 19 pts.
Moricand, Moise Etienne, 1780-1854. Plantes nouvelles d’Amé-
rique.... 176 p. 100 pl 4°. Geneve, 1833-46.
Miller, Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich, freiherr yon, 1825-1896. See
Bentham, George.
Muhlenberg, Gotthilf Henry Ernst. 1753-1815. Descriptio uberior
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60 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL TLERBARIUM.
Munich. Kénigl. bayerische akademie der wissenschaften zu Miin-
chen. Sitzungsberichte, L878, no. 8: 1879, no. 4: 1882, no. 3; 1883,
no. 2; 1884, no. 1,3; 1886, no. 3: 1887, no. 3; 1888, no. 33 1889, no. 2;
1890, no. 1-2. 8°. Miinchen, 1878-89.
Contain articles by L. Rad lkofer.
N.
Natiirlichen pflanzenfamilien. ... begriindet von A. Engler
und K. Prantl, fortgesetzt von A. Engler... v. 1, pt. 1, 2-4;
v. 2-4. 8°. Leipzig, 1887-1903.
v. 1, pt. 1* and 3 still in process of publication.
—— Nachtriige zum IL-IV. teil... . 380 p. 8° Leipzig, 1897.
Naturhistoriske forening i Kjgbenhavn. See Copenhagen.
Naudin, Charles, 1815-1899. Melastomacearum quae in Musaeo
parisiensi continentur monographicae descriptiones tentamen.
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Parisiis, 1849-53.
Nave, Johann, 1815-1864. A handy-book to the collection and
preparation of freshwater and marine algae .. . and other of the
lower cryptogamia ... translated and ed. by the Rev. W. W.
1 . . = ac 7
Spicer... . 203 p. 26 pl. 16°. London, 1869.
Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gottfried Daniel, 1776-1858. Cy-
peraceae a Schomburgkio in Guiana anglica collectae. . .. Llook.
Journ. Bot. v. 2, p. 398-3899. 1840. 8°.
Bound with Mrsted, A. 8S. Praecursores florae centro-americanae.
—— See also Gottsche, IK. M.
Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787-1837. Gen-
nera plantarum florae germanicae.... 8 v. plates. 8°. Bon-
nae | 1838-60].
Plates and descriptions arranged alphabetically.
Nelson, Elias, 1876— A revision of certain species of plants of the
genus Antennaria. ... Reprinted from Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus.
v. 23, p. 697-718. 8°. Washington, 1901.
In Botanical miscellanies, vy. 26,
New York botanical garden. [Bulletin. v. 3, no. 9; v. 4, no. 11-
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——— See also North American flora.
Newberry, John Strong, 1822-1892. Biography. See Britton, N. L.
Niedenzu, Franz, 1857- De genere Brysonima (pars prior). 12 p.
4°. Brunsbergae, 1897.
De genere Bunchosia. 19 p. 4°. Brunsbergae, 1895.
De genere Malpighia. 22 p. 4°. Brunsbergae, 1899.
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v.25, pt. 1. 4°. New York, 1905-07,
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Philadelphia, 1865.
Plates are numb. to 121 but there is no plate or description SO or 31;
there is however a pl. 5 bis.
See also Michaux, I. A. ,
Nyassa-land, 1891. J. Buchanan, C. M.G. 283 p. 12 ond.
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QO.
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Bidrag til kundskab om valdnédplanterne. ... (Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kjoébenh. ser. 38, v. 2.) 16 p. 2 ph 8°.
[ 1870. |
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
———Bidrag til Svampenes udviklingshistorie. ... | (Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kjobenh. v.5.) 20 p. 3 pl. 8°. [1863.|
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americaniam.,
——— Det centralamerikanske ambratrae (Liquidambar macro-
phylla Mrst.) .. . (Widensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjébenh. ser. 3,
ve 2.) 9p. 8°. [1870]
Sound as Svinbolie ad florian centro-americana nm.
——- Centralamericas gesneraceer, 2... Danske Vidensk, Selsk.
Skrift. vod. p. 77-152. pl 1-9 1861. 4°,
62 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Mrsted, Anders Sandoe (coné.).Centralamerikas rubiaceer.
... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjébenh. 1852. p. 23-61. 8°.
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~Compositae centroamericanae. ... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh.
For. Kj@benh. 1852. p, 65-121. 8°.
sound as Syvmbolae ad floram centro-americanam.,
——— Copalme de Amérique centrale (Liquidambar macrophylla
Orst.) [2] p. 8°. ned.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
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Naturh. For. Kyjébenh. 1854, p. 118-181. pl. 8-5.) 1855. 8°.
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miscellanies, v.15,
——— --—- (Vidensk.-Medd. Naturh. For. Kjgbenh. 1854.) 69 p.
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Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
——— Myrsineae centroamericanae et mexicanae.... (Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kjobenh. v.3.) 26 p. 2 ph 8°. [1861.]
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... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjébenh. 1855, p. 1-26. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
— — Notice sur les juglandées. 2... 3p. 8°. md.
The 2 pl. which should accompany this article are wanting.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
—~Om det centralamerikanske balsamtrae (Myrospermum son-
sonatense Pareira). 2... Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. For. Kj@benh.
1855, p. 27-382. 8°
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For. Kjébenh, 1858, p. 1-54. 8°.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
— Plantae novae centro-americanae. ... [I-III]. (Vidensk.
Medd. Naturh. For. Kj@benh. 1856-57.) 17 p. 8°. n.d.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam.
- Praecursores florae centroamericanae. ... 99 p. 8°. Hau-
niae, 1873,
—— Sur le chéne a feuilles de houx (Quercus agrifolia Nee) de la
Califorme,... 2p. 8°. n.d.
Bound as Symbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
—— Til belysning af Bidens platycephala. ... (Vidensk. Medd.
Naturh. For. Kjgbenh. v. 4.) Sp. 8 pl. 8°. | 1862. ]
Bound as Symbolae ad floram: contro-americanam,
——~ Til belysning af slaegten Viburnum. ... (Vidensk. Medd.
Naturh. For. Kjobenh. 1860.) 39 p. 2 pl 8°. | 1860.]
Sound as Svinbolae ad floram centro-americanam,
——— See also Bentham, George.
BOTANICAL LIBRARY OF JOHN DONNELL SMITH. 62
@Orsted, Anders Sandoe (cont.). See alse Grisebach, A. H. R.
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Planchon, J. E.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 3.
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| 1883. |
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
—— Californian manzanitas.... Bull. Calif. Aead. v. 2, p. 483-
496, IS8S8S7. 8°.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 15.
——— Ceanothus, L. ... Reprinted from Proc. Davenp. Acad.
. _ : |
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 16.
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Tn Botanical miscellanies, v.10,
—— Early botanical explorers on the Pacific coast. (Overland
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9,
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 9.
——...- Oxytheca— two new species from southern California... .
(Proc. Davenp. Acad. v. 3.) 3p. 8° n.d.
In Botanical miscellanies, v. 4.
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 7.
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species which approach the U. S. boundary.... 151 p. #°.
Oquawka, n. d. .
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[| Oquawka, n. d.]
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In Botanical miscellanies. f°.
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——— and —— — .. (Ann, Set. Nat. ser. 4, Bot. ve 13-15.)
336 p. 6G pl se. Paris. 1862,
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In Botanical miscellanies, v. 3. .
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Undescribed plants from Guatemala. ... (Bot. Gaz. v. 12-
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Nos, 22-29 unbound.
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——— Wolfhia (Wolffiella) gladiata, Hegelm. 2... Bull. Torr. Club,
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Steudel, Ernst Gottlieb, 1788-1856. Nomenclator botanicus. .. .
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Icones muscorum., ... 216 p. 129 pL 4°. Cambridge, Mass.,
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———and Lesquereux, Charles Léo, 1526-1889. Musci Boreali-
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20 p. ms. inserted after the t.-p. have the following title: Conspectus
systematis bryologici a cl W. Ph. Schimper in synopsis muscorum
Europaeorum editione secunda secuti Musci Boreali-americani quorum
exempli legit, atque exsiccata in herbario condidit John Donnell Smith.
27 p. ms. follow the above with the title: Genera muscorum Septentrio-
nali-americanorum secundum systema illud constitua et ordinata quod
clarus W. Ph. Schimper in synopsi Muscoruim Europaeorum secutus est.
78 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Svenska Kon. Vetenskaps-akademien. Handlingar for ar
1854.2... 8°. Stockholm, 1856,
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Die gattung Phyllostvlon Capan.... (Oesterr. Bot. Zeit-
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In Botanical miscelanies, v. 19.
Leguminosae novae Vv. minus cognitae austro-americanae If.
... Flora, v. 75, p. 68-86, 1892. 8°,
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O
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL THERBARICM
VOLUME XII, PART 2
THE LECYTHIDACEAE OF COSTA RICA
By H. PITTIER DE FABREGA
TONDUZIA. A NEW GENUS OF APOCYNACEAE
FROM CENTRAL AMERICA
By H. PITTIER DE FABREGA
A COLLECTION OF PLANTS FROM THE
VICINITY OF LA GUAIRA, VENEZUELA
By J. R. JOHNSTON
.
gyre
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1908
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM:
IssteD May 20, 1908,
PREFACE.
From 1887 to 1903 Mr. Henri Pittier resided in Central America,
devoting a large part of his time to the study of its flora. He made
extensive collections and published various botanical papers. Since
coming to Washington, in 1903, Mr. Pittier has continued his study
of this flora, and in the two short papers herein offered he presents
some of the results.
The third paper is a report by Mr. J. R. Johnston, of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, upon a collection of plants obtained by Capt.
Wirt Robinson and Dr. M. W. Lyon, jr., in Venezuela. Mr. John-
ston was asked to determine these species because he had himself
collected in that-country and was somewhat familiar with its flora.
The collection, though a small one, proves to contain five new species,
and this paper, like many others in the Contributions, emphasizes
the richness of the tropical American flora.
Freperick VY. Covinye,
Curator of the United States National Herbarium.
IIL
CONTENTS.
The Lecythidaceae of Costa Rica. By H. Pittier de Fabrega..........-----
Tonduzia, a new genus of Apocynaceae from Central America. By H.
Pittier de Fabrega......-.-.-----..-- 22-22-22 eee eee eee eee eee
A collection of plants from the vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela. By J. R.
Johnston ........---- 2-2-0 eee eee ee eee eee eee eee
Introductory notes ........-.------------- 222-2 - ee ee eee eee eee eee eee
List of species ...2..---222--22- 2-222 ee ee ee eee eee ee
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATES.
105
105
106
Facing page.
PLATE I. Eschweilera calyculata Pittier.......--.---.------------ +2 ee eee
Il. Eschweilera calyculata Pittier..........-.-.---..----------++---
Ill. Fruit of Eschveilera collinsii Pittier............-.---------------
IV. Couroupita guianensis Aubl......----.--+---------------+0------
V. Couroupita guianensis Aubl.......-.---------+-----+-+---+-+----
VI. Pyxidium of Lecythis costaricensis Pittler.....-..------+---++---
VII. Pyxidia of Lecuthis costaricensis Pittler.......------------------
VIII. Seeds of Lecythis costaricensis Pittier.........------------------
IX. Tonduzia stenophylla (Donnell Smith) Pittier......------------
TEXT FIGURES.
Fic. 1. Fruit of Eschieilera collinsii, Longitudinal section. .......----------
2. Stamens of Covroupita nicaragquarensis ......-.--.+- 2-2-2222 2 2 eee eee
3. Fruit of Leeythis costaricensis, Longitudinal section. ......----------
4. Fruit of Leceythis costaricensis. Transverse section. ........----------
5, Stamen, pistil, and seed of Tonduzia parvifolia ....------------------
6. Fruit of Vonduzia parvifolia. ....2---- 2.22222 2s eee eee eee ee eee
97
THE LECYTHIDACEAE OF COSTA RICA.
by H. Pirrrer pe FABREGA.
On account probably of the difficulty of obtaining good specimens,
the Leevthidaceae of Costa Rica have been practically overlooked by
former collectors. The species do not appear to be numerous, and It
is likely that the present paper includes most of those to be found in
that country. as well as in the neighboring Republic of Nicaragua.
It should be mentioned, however, that one species of the genus Grias
has been found in Panama and may occur also within the limits of
Costa Riea. The four species described here belong to three of the
genera admitted by Niedenzu in his elaboration of the family for the
Pflanzenfamilien and a careful comparison of the material at hand
with Miers’s descriptions” has satisfied me beyond any doubt that
we have to do with hitherto unnoticed forms, except in the case of
Couroupita nicaraquarensis, discovered by Oersted some fifty vears
ago.
The species described here belong to the Lecythidoideae proper.
They are mostly large trees, with showy, dense foliage. The leaves
are alternate and exstipulate, entire except in one case, more or less
coriaceous. and with short petioles. The inflorescence is racemose.
The sepals and petals are 6 each. The stamens are united at the base
ina ring that is extended on one side in a helmet-like blade (andro-
phorum) inflexed above the ovary. The ovary is 2 to 6-celled. The
fruit isa capsule, or pyridinm, more or less coriaceous or thick-walled
and always polyspermous: its circumference generally shows 2 more
or less marked circular lines, the inferior of which corresponds to the
base of the sepals and has been called by Miers calycary zone, while
the upper is the line of dehiscence of the operculum and indicates the
junction of the floral disk with the vertex of the ovary. The space
between these two concentric Hnes is known as the énterzonary band.
The seeds differ in the three genera in their structure and mode of
attachment.
ang). & Prantl, Pflanzenfam, 3°: 26-41. 1892.
by, Miers, On the Lecythidacere, Trans. Linn, Soc, 80: 157-318, pl. 83-05.
1874.
Oh
96 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Of our three Costa Rican genera, Couroupita is an old and well-
defined one, established by Aublet,* while the two remaining have
undergone a considerable number of changes as to their systematic
position. Originally all the species divided now between Leeythis
and Eschweilera were included in the first, created by Loefling in
1758.” Von Martius was the first to show, although in a confused
way, the difference in the mode of suspension of the seeds, and to
propose the second genus, which appeared for the first time in De
Candolle’s Prodromus ¢ in 1828. Endlicher ¢ again brought together
all the species under Loefling’s genus, and this view was generally
accepted until Miers published his important memoir on the subject
in 1874. This botanist showed conclusively the value of certain
structural differences of the flower and the fruit for the rational
limitation of Lecythis, and from the excluded species he formed his
three genera Eschweilera, Chytroma, and Jugastrum, which were
subsequently found to differ from each other to a much less extent
than they do together from Lecythis, and which have in consequence
been reduced by Niedenzu to mere sections of one single genus, for
“which the old name Eschweilera, given by von Martius, has been
retained. Of the two Costa Rican species of that genus, one cer-
tainly belongs to the section Eueschweilera, while I place the second
with doubt, until the flowers have been investigated, in the section
Chytroma.
KEY TO THE COSTA RICAN GENERA.
Seeds sessile and erect in the fruit; small trees_-o ~~~ _____ 1, Eschweilera,
Seeds hanging from long, mostly fleshy funicles,
Fertile stamens both on ring and helmet of androphorum:
fruit indehiscent; seeds small, ovate, surrounded by
a juicy pulp. ~ oe _ 2, Conroupita,
Fertile stamens only on ring: fruit dehiscent: seeds
large, fusiform, hard-shelled, without pulp but with
large fleshy funicles_.- ~~ ~~~ 3. Lecyuthis,
Eschweilera Mart.: DC. Prod. 3: 293, 1828.¢
Flowers perigynous; calyx adnate; petals ovate, caducous: fertile stamens
borne only on the ring; ovary 2-celled, with few anatropous ovules in each
cell; seeds shaped more or Jess like the segments of a sphere, showing the
embedded raphe when dry.
Both our Costa Rican species seem to be small or medium-sized trees, with
rather narrow crown and large coriaceous leaves.
“Pl. Gui, 2: TOS, 1775.
® Iter Hispan, 159.1758.
63: 295.
7Gen. Pl. 1285. no. 6332. 1836-1850.
°e As explained above, De Candolle’s definition of this genus is not altogether
clear, and this is the probable reason why Endlicher rejected it and reincor-
porated its several species in Lecythis. As early as 1887, however, von Mar-
PLATE Il.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII
i 7%
te iy ir
i
4
+3 ve
ers as
ESCHWEILERA CALYCULATA PITTIER.
Contr. Nat. Herb. Vol. X{1,
PLATE Il.
ESCHWEILERA CALYCULATA PITTIER.
PITTIER—THE LECYTHIDACEAE OF COSTA RICA, 97
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Sepals’ free at base of fruit; leaves elliptic-ovate, abruptly
acuminate, with thick salient nerves __-_-_-_ ~~ ~_________ 1. LH. calyculata,
Calyx concrescent with fruit: leaves lanceolate, finely nerved_ 2. 1. collinsii.
1. Eschweilera (Eueschweilera) calyculata DPittier, sp. nov. PLaTes I, II.
A tree 8 to 15 meters high and up to about 40 cm. in diameter, with elongated
crown; branchlets grayish, verrucose; leaves varying from 10 to 35 cm. long,
and 4 to 12 cm. broad, glabrous, entire with slightly revolute margin, paler
beneath, the petioles thick, 2 cm. long, blackish, the blades elliptic-oblong,
broadly acute or rounded at base, rounded and abruptly acuminate at tip, the
main and secondary nerves very salient underneath and the latter indicated on
the upper face by a corresponding depression, these nerves rather distant, more so
at the middle of the blade, 11 to 12 pairs on each leaf, arched and anastomosed
together along the margin; the intermediary venules also richly anastomosed,
showing a fine prominent net on both faces, although more marked below;
‘raceme terminal, or sometimes axillar, with numerous alternate flowers, the
rachis not angulose, more or less verrucose; flowers rather large, pale yellow,
caducous; pedicels 1 to 2 mm, long; sepals ovate, coriaceous, verrucose without,
longitudinally striate within, with a thin, sublobulate margin, 5 mm. in length
and breadth, but twice as large in fruit; petals about 20 mm. long, 8 mm. broad,
obovate; androphorum large; ovary 2-celled; style 1 to 2 mm, long, conical;
pyxidium 7 cm. in diameter and about 6 ecm. high, depressed-globose, thin-
walled, rather smooth, with persistent sepals becoming twice larger than in
flower, the interzonary band 3 cm. broad; seeds 3 to 5 in each cell.
Forests between Port Limon and Moin, H, Pittier, September, 1899, flowers
(Instituto fisico-geogriéfico de Costa Rica, no. 16008; U. S. National Herbarium
no. 578009, type); clearings around Rio Hondo, H. VPittier, May, 1902, photo-
graphs only (U.S. National Herbarium).
Plate II is one-half natural size.
Not infrequent on the Atlantic coastal plain at elevations up to 100 meters.
2. Eschweilera (Chytroma?) collinsii Pittier, sp.nov. DPrare III. Ficure 1.
Rranchlets gray, obscurely striate longitudinally ; petioles 1 cm. long, deeply
canaliculate; leaf blade 19 cm. long, 5.5 cm. broad, smooth, lanceolate, broadly
cuneate at base, narrowing insensibly into a long tip, shiny above, paler under-
neath; main secondary nerves very salient beneath, numerous, close together,
running in an almost straight line to the marginal zone, where they merge into
each other; intermediary nervules also straight, shorter; margin distinctly
crenato-* uvuate, the sinuses often marked by a black spot; racemes large, with
alternat +, deciduous branchlets, bearing 15 to 20 alternate flowers, these also all
caducous except the terminal one on the last branchlet, the main and secondary
rachis gray, longitudinally striate and covered with numerous brown, verru-
cose excrescences : pedicels 1 to 2 mm. long: flowers not seen; pyxidium termi-
nal on last branchlet of raceme, 10 cm. in diameter, the interzonary band 4 em.
tius had personally given a more accurate description of his genus, in the fol-
lowing terms: “Genus Eschweilerae non iis innititur characteribus, quos
Clarissimus De Candolle indicavit, sed ita erit constituendum: Lobi calycis
4-6. Petala 4. Ligula uti in Lecythide. Ovarium bi-loculare, ovulis sub 20
adscendentibus. Stylus rectus. Pyxidium lignoso-coriaceum, operculo deciduo,
tandem uniloculare. Semina abortu ovulorum subquatuor obovata vel oblonga,
erecta, pulpae immersa.” (Flora 2: Beibl. 89 1837.) The type species of the
genus is Lschiceilera parvifolia Mart., from Brazil.
Qs CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
broad, the total height 9 cm., a short protuberance at insertion of peduncle,
the operculum rather flat or broadly convex; seeds 1 to 5 in each cell, about
4 cm. long, 2.7 cm. in radial breadth,
1 to 2 em. thick, with a rugose,
granulated surface and a hard, coarse
testa,
&
Our only specimen, consisting of a
branchlet with attached leaf and fruit,
and supplemented by a few good pictures
of the latter, was collected in the forests
of the plains of San Carlos, northern
Costa Rica, April 15, 1908, Cook &
Doyle, ne. 95 (U.S. National Herbarium
no. 473872). It is somewhat defective,
ilthough sufficient to show that it does
not correspond to the description of any
of the species hitherto published. TFig-
ure 1 has been somewhat schematically
reconstructed from one of the photo-
graphs, to show the mode of suspension of the seeds, characteristic of the genus.
Plate III is natural size.
Fic. 1.—Fruit of Eschweilera collinsii. Longi-
tudinal section. One-half natural size.
Couroupita Aubl. Pl. Guian. 2: TOS. 1775.
Calyx adnate, sepals small; petals rather large: androphorum with fertile
stamens both on the ring or disk and on the helmet or galea; ovary 6-celled,
stigma G-suleate; fruit large, globose, with a small, adhering operculum and
containing from 80 to 40 small, ovoid, velvety-pubescent seeds embedded in a
viscous, fetid pulp,—High trees, with a lofty, thick trunk and a flat or elongated
crown; leaves oblong-elliptic; inflorescence racemose; flowers generally much
larger than in the other genera of the same tribe.
1. Couroupita nicaraguarensis DC, Prod. 3: 294. 1828.4 FIGuReE 2.
* Leaves obtuse; margin of calyx lobulate,” petals obtuse: greatest diameter
of flower 7.5 cm., the 6 petals obovate, obtuse, alternate, the 3 exterior slightly
smaller, 2 to 3.5 em. long, 1.8 to 2.2 cm. broad; stamens very numerous upon
both the disk and the galea, the anthers ovoid, 0.56 mm. long, 0.5 mm. broad,
sessile upon dark appendages, these about 1 mm. long and distinctly claviform
on the disk, a little longer, broad at base,
and attenuate at tip on the galea.
De Candolle’s description is limited to
sever words, and we are scarcely able to }
do better now, the only material at hand 4
a
consisting of a few specimens of the cadu-
cous parts of the flower, including the Fic. 2.—Stamens of Corvupita nicaraguaren-
sis. Middle stamen from the galea, the
others from the disk. Much enlarged.
’
corolla and the adhering androphorum,
collected by W. C. Shannon along the Ocho-
mogo River, north of Rivas, Nicaragua, in March, 1908. and distributed by
Capt. John Donnell Smith under no, 5004, De Candolle observes that the flow-
ers of this species are smaller than those of C. guianensis, which we find to be
true, and that it differs, moreover, by the browaish white color of the same and
the bluish pulp inside the fruit.
Oersted, who collected the only known specimens, does not give any descrip-
tion of the tree, but says: * While the Lecythidaceae play an important part in
a@The specific name is spelled in the Prodromus wicaraguarensis, a needlessly
long and cumbersome substitute for nicaragucists, .
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vo
|
XI,
PLATE III.
FRUIT
OF ESCHWEILERA COLLINSII PITTIER.
Contr, Nat. Herp. Yol. Xib. PLATE IV.
COURQUPITA GUIANENSIS AUBL.
Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. Xil PLATE V.
COUROUPITA GUIANENSIS AUBL.
PITTIER—THE LECYTHIDACEAE OF COSTA RICA, 99
the flora of South America, this is the only species that goes beyond the Isthmus
of Panama. It is one of the most Conspicuous trees in the forests between
Granada and Tortuga (Nicaragua), where it attracts the attention of the
passer-by by its lofty trunk, regular round crown, and large, globose fruits,
hanging in close clusters. I found mature fruits in February. These are called
by the natives * zapotes del mico,” on account of their likeness to the true za-
potes (Lucuma) and the readiness with which they are eaten by the monkeys.
A closely allied species, C. guianensis, is known in Guiana under the name of
cannonball tree.” 4
As will be seen from the present paper, our knowledge of the species of the
family north of Panama has somewhat improved since Oersted’s time, although
much remains to be done. Complete specimens of Couroupita nicaraguarensis
has never to my knowledge been collected, and I am aware of the presence of
that tree in Costa Rica only because it came under my observation in 1891 at
Salinas Bay (where it is also known as zapote de mico) and in Nicoya in 1903.
The round fruits, slightly swollen along the calycinal band, were about 10 cm.
in diameter and filled with a nauseous pulp surrounding numerous seeds.
The flowers of the nearly related C. guiaqnensis, which is the type of the genus,
are about 10 cm. in diameter, with petals 4.5 ecm, long and 3.5 cm. broad (Plate
V). Its very much elongated racemes grow directly from the trunk and main
limbs, as shown in Plate V (as well as Plate IV) taken at the Castleton Guar-
dens in Jamaica by Mr. G. N. Collins. I do not remember having noticed any
such arrangement in the Costa Rican zapote de mico, and the flowers escaped
my attention.
Plate V is natural size.
Meirs 8 inclines to the belief that this species is identical with C. odoratissima
Seemann. The above description settles the question in the negative. The
leaves of C. nicaraguensis are obtuse and neither cuneate at the base nor
abruptly acuminate at tip; the flower is 7.5 cm. in diameter, while it varies
from 4 to 5 em. in Seemann’s plant; further, the anthers in our species are ses-
sile on the appendages and not borne on capillary filaments, as is the case in the
other one.
Lecythis Loefl. Iter Hispan. 159. 1758.
Flowers not quite epigynous, calyx and corolla with 6 (seldom 7) divisions;
fertile stumens mostly on the disk; ovary 4 (or 5)-celled, style much longer
than in the foregoing genera; pyxidium large, ovate, thick-walled, woody ;
operculum deciduous; seeds typically 9, but oftener 4 to 9, in each of the 4 or 5
cells, elongate and longitudinally suleate, with a woody, thick shell, covering a
large embryo, edible in the Costa Rican species.—Trees generally of great size,
with hard wood, elliptic leaves, and large racemes of white, pinkish, or yellow
flowers,
Lecythis costaricensis Pittier, sp. nov. Piates VI, VE, VIIL. Ficures 8, 4.
A lofty tree, with shaft-like trunk about 25 meters high and 1 meter in
diameter, and broadly spreading limbs; leaves oblong-lanceolate, subcordate at
base and Jong-acuminate; margin serrate; petioles about 5 mm. long; inflo-
rescence terminal; flowers not seen; pyxidium globose, 16 em. in diameter on
the calyeary zone, 15.5 cm. total height, the basal part hemispherical, cup-
shaped, obscurely 4-lobed; interzonary band about 5.5 cm. broad, of conical
appearance; operculum dome-like, 2.7 cm, high, 9.56 cm. in diameter; calycary
zone with 6 distinct protuberances corresponding to the sepals and each abruptly
@Myrtaceae centroamericanae, Vidensk. Meddel. Kj6b. 1855:16. 1856-57,
‘Trans. Linn. Soc. 80: 191,
100 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
contracted into a narrow, acute tip; walls woody and nearly 2 em. thick;
opening 5.5 cm. in diameter; inside divided in 4 cells by persistent septa reach-
ing a little over halfway from the inside periphery to the center (figs. 3, 4);
axis of pyxidium occupied by a thick, 4-winged columella connected at the base
with the septa, thinner and quadrangular toward its upper end, and then
spreading again in a 4-winged expansion concrescent with the base of the
operculum (when mature the columella breaks just at the thinnest place below
that expansion, thus loosing the operculum) ; seeds fusiform, sulcate, 4 to 5 em.
long, 1.7 to 2 cm. in diameter, typically 9 in each cell, but oftener 6 to 8,
attached in 38 rows (of 3 each) at base of columella, through a thick, fleshy
funicle.
On the plains of San Carlos, at La Sedina, at about 100 meters above sea
level. The tree that was especially noticed by Mr. O. I. Cook, Mr, G. N. Collins,
and myself in April, 1908, grew on a wooded hill near the cacao plantations of
the above-named finca and made itself conspicuous among the other forest
trees by its larger dimensions. On the ground were found old shells and fresh
seeds and opercules, and we also succeeded in obtaining a fresh fruit with its
Fic. 3.—Fruit of Leeythis costaricensis, Fig. 4.—Fruit of Leeythis costaricensis.
Longitudinal section. One-half nat- Transverse section, One-half natural
ural size. size.
contents, that had accidentally fallen; these were carefully photographed by
Mr, C. B. Doyle and belong now to Mr. Cook’s collection.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.—PDlate VI one-half, Plate VII about one-fourth natural
size; Plate VIII natural size. In Plate VIII the smooth, light-shaded bodies attached
to the seeds are the fleshy funicles.
From the general description of the leaves the specimen under consideration
would come near Lecythis lanceolata Poir., but the fruit is widely different,
The name of ZL, ollaria has often been given to the Costa Rican species, more for
convenience’s sake than for accuracy. Nobody truly knows what LL. ollaria is,
“although it must be considered the type species of the genus; and it is not
unlikely that Loefling’s imperfectly described Venezuelan species has been re-
named by later botanists.
The species from Costa Rica is known among the natives as cocobola, while
the fruit is the olla de mono or monkey pot. The hard wood is used in the
making of carts, and the nuts are eagerly sought by squirrels, monkeys. and
men. Their flavor is much finer than that of the Brazil nuts of commerce,
but the supply of them is insignificant.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLaTe VI.
PYXIDIUM OF LECYTHIS COSTARICENSIS PITTIER.
PLATE VII.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
PYXIDIA OF LECYTHIS COSTARICENSIS PITTIER.
PLATE VIII.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
=
s
ee
we eee"
re
wate
ernment wt
ow
SEEDS OF LECYTHIS COSTARICENSIS PITTIER.
PITTIER—THE LECYTHIDACEAE OF COSTA RICA. 10]
The tree bears and is easily reproduced by seeds. Six of these, planted in
the garden of the observatory at San José, all germinated after having been
from twenty-eight to thirty-six days in the ground. For some reason they had
to be removed with the exception of one, which had reached a height of about
380 cm. above the ground in three months. There is little doubt that the
tree could be cultivated with no great difficulty in its native home, in the
war, humid plains of San Carlos, Sarapiqui, and Santa Clara, and in other
tropical countries of similar climatic conditions. The output of the nuts would
thus be increased, and these might become a valuable addition to the food
products of our markets.
TONDUZIA, A NEW GENUS OF APOCYNACEAE FROM
CENTRAL AMERICA,
$v H. Pirrier pr FABREGA.
Tonduzia Pittier, gen. nov,
Calyx small, deeply incised, with 5 imbricate, rounded-triangular, obtuse
divisions, these scarious on the margin. two of them exterior: corolla salvyer-
shaped, with a long, narrow tube. enlarged at the insertion of the stamens,
and 5 linear-oblong, sinistrorse divisions; discus cupuliform; stamens 5, in-
serted on lower half or about the middle of the tube of the corolla: filaments
short and slender; anthers cordate-lanceolate, acute; ovary bicarpellate, with
over 12 ovules disposed in 2 rows in each carpel; style parted either only at
base or for about one-third of its whole length and bearing at its upper part
a thick, broad disk, from this emerging a claviform, more or less distinctly
cleft, minutely hirsute stigma; follicles 2, pendent, cylindrical, apiculate, broadly
diverging, opening at maturity along a ventral line; seeds flattened, obovate-
elliptic, fixed by an almost indistinct umbilic and ciliate all around their
narrow edge.—Trees or shrubs with 4-verticillate, penninerve, smooth, more
or less coriaceous leaves, forming clusters at the end of the branchlets,
Flowers numerous, small, glabrous, in terminal or pseudeterminal cymes.
Near to Aspidosperma, from which it differs by its long, eylindrical folli-
eles, its short umbilical string, its fringed and not winged seeds, and a few
other minor characters,
Tonduzia parvifolia Dittier, sp. nov. Ficures 5, 6,
Leaves coriaceous, smooth, lanceolate, acute and attenuate at base. long-
acuminate, 6 to 12 cm. long, 0.S to 2 cm. broad, with the 16 to 2O pairs of
secondary nerves more or less distinctly apparent in dark lines on the inferior,
paler face; petioles 0.5 to 1.5 cm. long; mar-
gin entire, revolute; bracteoles in whorls at
base of pedicels, very small, ovate-oblong ;
pedicels 2 to 3 mm. long in flower, 6 to 12
mm. in the mature fruit; calyx verrucose,
minutely hirsute at base, persistent, O.S to
1.2 mm. long; corolla white; tube 4 to 5
mm. long, inflated in lower half, enlarged — py;.5.—stamen, pistil; and seed of Ton-
and hairy inside at throat; lobes of corolla duzia parvifolia. Much enlarged.
2 to 3 mm. long: discus cupuliform, with
deeply lobulate margin; anthers cordate, lanceolate, sligbtly hairy, pollen
spherical; style minutely hirsute, scarcely cleft at base; stylar disk higher than
broad, conical; stigma Claviform but distinetly cleft; follicles striate, rather
thick, slightly depressed, 8 to 11 cm. long, 12 to 15 mim. in circumference; seeds
1038
104 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
fish-like, neatly ciliate, 18 to 15 mm. long, 8 to 4 mim, broad, including ciliate
margin.
Hacienda Belnira, near Santa Maria de Dota, Costa Rica, altitude 1,450
mneters, Tonduz, January, 1898, flowers and fruit (Instituto fisico-geografico de
Costa Rica, ne. 11619) ; Angostura, near Turrialba, alti-
tude about TOO meters, Cook & Doyle, no, 35, April 11,
19038 (U.S. National Herbarium, no. 577471, type).
Tonduzia stenophylla (Donnell Smith) Pittier.
PLATE TX,
Reaarolfia stenophylla Donnell Smith, Bot. Gaz. 44:
115. 1907,
Glabrous: upper internodes 8 to 20 mm, long; leaves
elliptic-lanceolate, attenuate, chartaceous, varying in
size in the same whorl, ) to 17 cm. long, 1 to o cm.
broad; secondary nerves 30 to 85 pairs, arcuate near
the margin; veins indistinct; petioles canaliculate, T to
18) mm. long: cymes pseudoterminal, coryinbiform,
reaching about one-third of the length of the nearest
leaves, dichotomous and many-flowered; pedicels 2 to
G6 mm. long: bracteoles 0.5 mm. Jong; calyx with
Fig. 6.—Fruit of Tonduzia — younded-triangular tips, 1.5 mm. long; tube of corolla
parvifolia, One-half nat-
ural size
puberulent outside, hirsute inside, about 2 mm, long,
lobes of equal length or slightly shorter; stamens in-
serted on lower half of tube, glabrous: carpels separate, style cleft for about
the first third of its lower length; follicles cylindrical, apiculate, smooth or very
finely striate longitudinally, 7 to 13 cm, long; seeds flattened, obovate-elliptic,
delicately ciliate. .
Around San Salvador, Salvador, altitude SOO to 1.000 meters, Carlos Tkenson,
no, 289, 1905, flowers; no, 335, 1906, fruit (both U.S. National Herbarium).
EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX.—Leafy branch and fruit, one-half natural size; pistil, seed,
bud, and stamen variously magnified.
Specimens with flowers were first received and, not being able to identify
them myself satisfactorily, I had them forwarded to Captain Donnell Smith,
who, misled by the very similir floral structure, described them as a new
species of the genus Rauwolfia. Meanwhile I had been studying no. 11619 of
the herbarium of the Instituto fisieco-geogrifico de Costa Rica, arriving at the
conclusion that it belonged to an undescribed genus, About the time Mr. Don-
nell Smith published his new species I was greatly surprised to receive from
Doctor Renson a fruiting specimen of the Salvadorean plant, which showed
at a glance Captain Donnell Smith's mistake, and also the close affinity of his
Rauwolfia stenophylla to my Tondusia parvifolia.
\ a
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE IX,
p
JA Braendle Det
TONDUZIA STENOPHYLLA ‘DONNELL SMITH) PITTIER.
A COLLECTION OF PLANTS FROM THE VICINITY OF
LA GUAIRA, VENEZUELA.
By J. It. JomNsron.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES.
In 1900 Capt. Wirt Robinson, of the United States Army, and Dr.
M. W. Lyon, jr., of the United States National Museum, spent six
weeks in the vicinity of La Guaira collecting for the most part speci-
mens of animals. Incidentally they were able to gather together
about 60 plants, which were sent to the United States National Her-
barium, and most of which have recently been turned over to me for
identification.
The plants in the following list were all collected near La Guaira,
Macuto, and San Julian. Macuto is about 5 kilometers to the east of
La Guaira on the coast, and San Julian is about 12 kilometers to the
east of La Guaira and nearly 1§ kilometers from the shore. For a
description of the topography, temperature, and rainfall of this
region one should refer to “An annotated list of mammals collected
in the vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela,” by Robinson and Lyon, in
the Proceedings of the National Museum."
It is sufficient to say in this connection that the shore rises abruptly
to an altitude of over 2,500.meters immediately above La Guaira, and
that the exposed hills are barren or covered with a dry shrubbery,
the low valleys with palms and other trees, and the high gorges with
a great luxuriance of tropical vegetation. The very narrow littoral
plain is clothed with a typical desert vegetation of cacti, crotons,
lantanas, ete.
In addition to the list of Robinson and Lyon’s plants it has
seemed well worth while to include under each species notes of
its further occurrence in Venezuela as determined from other collec-
tions. It should be noted that the plants of Fendler, of Birschel, and
of Rusby and Squires here cited as occurring in Venezuela have not
before been published upon, at least so far as I can ascertain. The
notes made here are obtained from reference to the plants at the
United States National Herbarium and at the Gray Herbarium of
Harvard University.
4 24: 155-162. 1901,
80508—08 2 105
106 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The identification of the plants shows five species which are new
to science. As far as can be ascertained, nine of the remaining species
have never been recorded from Venezuela, and three have never be-
fore been collected there, these being Phoradendron trinervinum,
Corchorus pilobolus, and Marsdenia maculata. The remainder of
the nine are in the collections that have not been reported upon.
LIST OF SPECIES.
BROMELIACEAE,
Pitcairnia sp.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 11.
Tillandsia utriculata L. Sp. Pl. 286. 1753.
Macuto, Robinson & Lion, August 9; Cumand, according to H.B.K. Nov. Gen.
& Sp. 7: 293; Margarita, Erast, 1876, and Johnston, 1903,
Further distribution, West Indies.
Tillandsia sp. ,
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July.
Allied to T. juncea Lec. and 7. fenuifolia TL.
MUSACEAE,
Heliconia bihai L. Mant. 211. 1767.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 20; Margarita, Johnston, 1908,
Distribution, general in tropical America.
PIPERACEAE,
Piper sp.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6.
Shrub 2 to 3 meters high.
LORANTHACEAE.
Phoradendron trinervium (J.am,.) Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Phil. n.
1848.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 18.
West Indies, Venezuela according to Grisebach.
Phoradendron gs).
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 18.
Allied to P. tetrastachyum Griseb.
URTICACEAE.
Urera alceaefolia (TPoir.) Gaud. in Freve. Voy, Bot. 497. 1826.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 11.
Distribution, general in tropical America,
MIMOSACEAE.
Acacia tamarindifolia Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 1092. 1805.
1: 185.
Small tree, dry hills, La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 12: Margarita, JJiller
& Johnston, 1901, Johnston, 1905; Bordones, according to H.B.K. Nov. Gen,
& Sp. 7: 310.
Further distribution, Martinique, Cumanda, and Caracis.
Calliandra sp.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyoi, Puly 17.
A]
JOHNSTON—PLANTS FROM LA GUAIRA, VENEZUELA, 107
CAESALPINIACEAE.
Cassia oxyphylla Kunth, Mim. 129, pl. 39, 1819.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July G; Mount Cocollar, according to H.B.K.
Nov. Gen, & Sp. 7: 511; Margarita, Willer & Johnston, 1901,
Further distribution, Colombia.
FABACEAE.
Bradburya virginiana (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl 1: 164. 1891.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 11; Margarita, Miller & Johnston, 1901.
Further distribution, temperate and tropical American and Niger.
Mucuna flagellipes Vog.; Benth. in- Hooker, Niger Flora 807. 1849.
Climbing vine along stream, San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 18; Colonia
Tovar, Fendler, no, 266, 1854-5.
Fendler’s specimen is similar to the type. Robinson and Lyon’s specimen,
however, though approaching it closely, shows some variations. The bracts are
entire instead of tridentate. Taubert® places W/. flagellipes in the section of
plants having oblique cross lamelle on the pods. In this specimen the lamellae
are very obscure, having given place to flat or lamellate tubercles which lie in
distinct oblique rows. In other respects the material agrees with typical
specimens.
MELIACEAE.
Trichilia spondioides Jacq. Knum. Pl, Carib. 20. 1762.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 12. Shrub, 4 to 5 meters high.
Further distribution, Jamaica, Cuba.
POLYGALACEAE.
Securidaca ovata Johnston, sp. hoy.
Shrub, ascending?; leaves widely ovate, occasionally elliptical, glabrous
above, finely puberulent on the main veins underneath, with entire margin,
rounded or slightly emarginate base, and obtuse or minutely retuse apex; blade
4 to 7 cm, long, 3 to 5 em, wide; petiole 3 to 5 min. long, puberulent; stipules
unknown but stipular scars present; inflorescence racemose, lateral, 5 to 10 cm.
long and bearing S to 20 flowers; bracts subulate, pubescent, 2 mim. long;
pedicel slender, pubescent, 5 to 14 mm. long; sepals 5, 2 equal, oval, slightly
concave, 1 cm, long, the third a little larger and distinctly carinate, puberulent
within, the 2 inner sepals corolline, broad, obovate, shortly unguiculate, 12 mm.
long, glabrous; the 2 petals of the keel falcate, shortly unguiculate: lip ellip-
tical, the end folded with a dentate margin; stamens S, adherent to corolla
tube. which is cleft at one side; ovary glabrous, flattened; style a little longer
than stamens; fruit with wing 4.5 cm, long; dorsal part of carpel prolonged
into a small hook curved toward the wing.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 18S.) Several other species are close to
this one in the shape of the leaf. All are distinet, however, in the form of the
fruit.
Type specimen, no. 531790, U.S. National Pferbarium.
EUPHORBIACEAE.
—-s)
Hura crepitans L. Sp. Pl. 1008. 1755.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 15: Margarita, Vrust, (S76.
Distribution, general in tropical America.
“Engl & Prantl, Pflanzenfam, 3°: 366.
108 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Jatropha urens stimulosa Miill. Arg. in DC. Prod. 15°: 1100. 1875+.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 12; Margarita, Erust, 1876; Miller & John-
ston, 1901; Johnston, 1903.
Distribution, wide in tropical America.
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Poit. Ann. Mus. Par. 19: 390. pl. 79, 1812.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6; Cumanaé, according to T.B.K. Nov. Gen.
& Sp. 7: 295; Margarita, Hrnst, S76, and Miller & Johnston, 1901,
Distribution, northern South America.
Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl, Symb. Bot. 2: 95. 1791.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July G6, July 11; Caracas, Birschel.
Small tree.
Distribution, general in tropical America,
TILIACEAE.
Corchorus pilobolus Link, Enum. Hort. Berol, 2: 72. 1822.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6.
Distribution, tropical and subtropical America.
MALVACEAE.
Abutilon crispum Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. I. 53. 1827,
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 19: Colonia Tovar, Fendler, 1854-5; Mar-
garita, Miller & Johnston, 1901; Johnston, 1908.
Further distribution, tropical America and East India.
BEGONIACEAE.
Begonia sp.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6.
Related to B. acuminata Dryand.
MELASTOMACEAE.
Clidemia sp.
2 Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6.
Small tree.
APOCYNACEAE.
Plumiera caracasana Johnston, sp. nov.
Shrub 38 meters high; stem thick, at the base of the inflorescence 1.5 to 2 cm.
in diameter, tuberculous from numerous raised leaf scars; leaves numerous,
spatulate or oblanceolate, glabrous above, and either glabrous below or pilose
at the main veins, with midrib and secondary veins prominent on the under-
side (20 to 30); blade with entire margin, a broadly acute or obtuse apex,
and a cuneate base decurrent into the petiole, from 2.5 em. wide and 7 em. long
to 6 em. wide and 21 cm. long; petiole lacking or as much as 0.5 cm. in length;
inflorescence cymose; common peduncle 7 to 12 cm. long, thick, glabrous; pedi-
cels pilose, 1 cm. long; bracts minute, less than 1 mm. long, more than 2 mm.
wide, upper edge curved, apiculate; calyx 5-lobed; 3 lobes broad, rounded, apicu-
late, the 2 others oval; lobes about 1 mm. long; corolla white, glabrous exter-
nally; tube slender, densely pilose within, 3 em. long; corolla ‘obes obovate,
rounded, equaling tube; follicle 12 cm. long and 2 wide; seeds with wing at
apex, obliquely placed.
Between Caracas and La Guaira, altitude 500 meters, Fendicr, no. 1026,
August 16, 1855; La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 13, 1900; Margarita, Miller
c& Johnston, 1901.
Type specimen, no. 531827, L
Y
. S. National Herbarium (Robinson & Lyon).
JOHNSTON—PLANTS FROM LA GUAIRA, VENEZUELA. 109
Tabernaemontana grandiflora Jacq. Enum. PI, Carib. 14. 1762.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6; between La Guaira and Caracas, Fend-
ler, no, 1027, August, 1855,
Further distribution, Colombia.
ASCLEPIADACEAE.
Calotropis procera (Willd.) Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 2: 78. 1811.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 4; La Guaira, Fendler, 1855; Margarita,
Ernst, 1876; Miller & Johnston, 1901,
Further distribution, East India and tropical America.
Marsdenia maculata Hook. Bot. Mag. 73: pl, 4299. 1847.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6; Margarita, Miller & Johnston, 1901 ;
Johnston, 1903.
Further distribution, Mexico, Colombia, Trinidad, and Panama.
Marsdenia robinsoni Johnston, sp. nov.
Shrubby, climbing; stem slender, puberulent; leaves opposite, elliptical,
attenuate at both ends, acuminate at apex, main veins puberulent, otherwise
glabrous on both sides, membranaceous ; margin entire; petiole puberulent, 1
em. long; inflorescence axillary, umbellate: umbel sessile or subsessile with
© or 3 minute bracts; calyx rotate, deeply 5-lobed, externally slightly puberulent,
internally glabrous, with margin distinctly ciliate; lobes ovate with rounded
apex; minute setaceous glands or appendages alternating with the sepals;
corolla rotate, slightly whirled, 5-parted ; lobes oval or elliptical-oval, the apex
rounded, 4 my. long, about twice the length of the calyx; small fleshy ap-
pendages between the lobes of the corolla; corona fleshy, 5-leaved, each leaf
2-lobed, equaling or shorter than the anthers, the lobes rounded, aduate to
anther tube; corona and anther just equaling stigma ; terminal appendage of
the anther cymbiform, inflexed; apparently also 2 minute lateral appendages ;
style slightly convex ; fruit unknown.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 27.
rotate corolla and sessile inflorescence.
Type specimen, no. 531794, U.S. National Herbarium.
Distinct from most Marsdeniae by
CONVOLVULACEAE.
Ipomoea biloba Forsk. Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 44. 1775.
Macuto, Robinson & Lyon, July 16; Colonia Tovar, Fendler, 1854-55; Mar-
garita, Ernst, 1876.
Widely distributed in tropical countries.
BORAGINACEAE.
Cordia cylindristachya Roem. & Schult. Syst. 4: 459. 1819.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 17; Margarita, Ernst, 1876; Miller &
Johnston, 1901; Johnston, 1903,
Distribution, tropical America.
VERBENACEAE.
on
Lantana camara L. Sp. Pl. 627. 1755.
Low shrub, dry ground, San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 17; Colonia
Tovar, Fendler, no. 860 (part), January 31, February 28, 1854; Sacupano,
Rusby & Squire, no. 41, and Paloma, Rusby & Squire, no. 312, April, 1896;
Margarita, Miller & Johnston, 1901; Caracas, A. H. Moore, March 16, 1899.
Distribution, tropical America.
110 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Lantana sp.
Dry hills, La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 13.
Lantana sp.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 17,
BIGNONIACEAE.
Distictis robinsoni Johnston, sp. nov.
Shrubby, climbing; stem striate; leaves opposite, 2 or 3-foliate, the middle
leaflet often giving place to a tendril: leaves broadly lanceolate with obtuse
base and attenuate or acuminate apex, the midrib sometimes projecting very
slightly; margin entire: leaves membranaceous, not veiny, glabrous on both
sides, from 2 cm. wide and 4 cm, long to 3.25 cm. wide and 8.5 cm. long: petiole
1.5 to 5 em. long, often minutely pubescent ; petiolule 0.5 to 8 cm. long; disk-
like glands often present at apex of petiole and apex of the pedunele; a pair
of obovate stipule-like leaves at the base of the petiole, 3 mm. long ands1.5 mi.
wide; inflorescence axillary, 2-flowered; peduncle 2 to 8 cm. long: pedicel
0.5 cm. long; flower glabrous; calyx campanulate, truncate, 6 to T mm. long;
corolla slender, cylindrical for a length of 1 to 1.5 cm., then expanding into a
bell-shaped form, oblique or bending slightly to one side; corolla tube alto-
gether 4 to 5 cm. long, 5-lobed, the lobes subequal; stamens 4, perfect, 1 stami-
nodium equaling the stamens; anthers diverging, glabrous; disk very wide;
fruit unknown.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 15, 1900,
Type specimen, no. 531779, U. S. National Herbarium.
Tecoma chrysantha (Jacq.) DC. Prod. 9: 221. 1845. .
Small tree in dry hills, La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 15, 1900; near
Caracas, according to Jacquin, Hort. Schoenbr. 2:45.
Further distribution, Colombia (H. H. Smith, no. 1140, 1898-1901 ).
ACANTHACEAE.
Stenandrium lyoni Johnston, sp. nov.
Acaulescent; leaves subrosulate, petiolate, oval or elliptical-oval, scabrous
on both sides and scatteringly pilose, lighter green on under side, with entire
ciliate margin, rounded apex, and truncate base, 2.5 em. wide and 4 em. long;
mid-vein and about 4 pairs of lateral veins prominent on under side: petiole 0.5
to 1 cm. long; scape 2 to 10 cm. high; bracts 1-flowered, strigose-pubescent,
narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 9 mm. long; bracteoles v, narrowly
lanceolate, a little more than one-half the length of the calyx; calyx deeply
5-cleft, lobes linear-lanceolate with acuminate apex, 4 mm. long; corolla 5-lobed ;
lobes subequal, oval-elliptical; stamens 4, included; anthers 1-celled, the cells
pubescent at apex; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; stigma fimbriate.
San Julian, Robinson & Lyon, July 18, 1900,
Type specimen, no, 581791, U. S. National Herbarium.
RUBIACEAE.
Hamelia patens Jacq. Enum. Pl. Carib. 16. 1762.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 83: Colonia Tovar, Fendler, no. 591.
1854-55.
A shrub, half-climbing.
tobinson and Lyon's specimen is nearly glabrous throughout except on young
parts. Fendler’s specimen is pubescent throughout with the exception of the
upper surface of the leaves.
Distribution, tropical America.
mr
JOHNSTON—PLANTS FROM LA GUAIRA, VENEZUELA. 111
Pogonopus exsertus Oerst. Act. Soc, Hist.-nat. Havn. 45. 1852, according to
A. 8S. Oersted, L’Amérique Centrale 1863: 17. pl. 13.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 11, 1900; Colonia Tovar, Lendler, No. 584,
1854-55.
Shrub.
Further distribution, Costa Rica.
CARDUACEAE.
Eupatorium ballotaefolium H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp, 4: 121, 1820.
Dry hills, La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 12; Colonia Tovar, Fendler, no.
653, 1854-55: Margarita, Miller & Johnston, 1901; Johnston, 1908.
Shrub 1 to 1.5 meters.
Further distribution, Colombia, Brazil, and Santo Tdomingo,
Eupatorium macrophyllum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2.1175. 1765.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6; Colonia Tovar, Mendler, no. 644, 1854-55.
Distribution, general in tropical America,
Stemmodontia caracasana (DC.)
Wedelia caracasana DC. Prod. 5: 541. 1856.
La Guaira, Robinson & Lyon, July 6; Caracas, Vargas, no, 97, 1829; Birschel;
A. H. Moore, March 16, 1899; Colonia Tovar, Hendler, nos, 682, 683, 1854-55,
and no. 1961, January 25, 1857; Margarita, Johnston, 1908.
Further distribution, Trinidad, Panama, and Venezuela.
[Synonyms in italics.
INDEX.
Abutilon crispum_——~~------------ 108
Acacia tamarindifolia-~~---~-~_~___~ 106
Bradburya virginiana —~~------_-- 107
Begonia sp_ ~~ ~~~ 5 108
Calliandra sp -_—---- ~~~ ---------- 106
Calotropis procera ~—~—~-~~-------- 108
Cassia oxyphylla ~~~ ------------- 107
Chutroma 2 ee O06
Clidemia sp __ ~~~ ~-~~--- ee 108
Cocobola ~~ 0222 7 eee 100
Corchorus pilobolus ~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ 106, 108
Couroupita ------------~-------- ~~ 96,98
euiamensis ~~~ ~~~ 98,99
nicaraguarensis ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~ 95, 98, 99
Cordia evlindristachva_—~~~-~-_-___~ 109
Jistictis robinsoni_-_— ~~~-~~-_---- 110
Eschweilera_ ~~ ~~~ -----~-~--------~ 96, 07
ealveulata o- ~ 20-22 97
eollinsii -2 2-202 ee 97,98
parvifolia—_ oe 97
Eupatorium ballotaefolium = macro-
phyllum_----- ~~~ ~~~ ~~ +--+ 111
Grias ~~ 2 ee 95
Ilamelia patens ~~ ~~ ~-~-------__-- 110
Ileliconia bihai-— ~~~ ~~~ 5 ee 106
Ilura crepitans ~~~ ~~~ ~_~___----__- 107
Ipomoea biloba. ~~~ 109
Jatropha urens stimulosa_o ~~~ ~---~ 108
Jugastrum oe 96
Lantana camara ~~ -- 2 ee 104
sp_------ oo ee 110
Leeythis ---------------~--------- 96, 99
costaricensis. ~~~ --~-____--_--_ 99, 100
lanceolata —- ~~~ = 100
ollaria ~----_-_-~-_-__----_ ~~ 100
Pages of catalogue entries in heavy face. ]
Lueuma —~ ee 99
Marsdenia maculata ---~ ~~~ ~~~ _ 106, 109
robinsoni_ ~~~ 5 5 ee 109
Monkey pot - ~~ ~~ ---- == 100
Mucunn flagellipes. --~---- ~~~ 107
Olla de mono __~~ ~~~ ~~ oe 100
Pedilanthus tithymaloides_~~ ~~__ ~~ 108
Phoradendron sp __~-~~- ~~~ 106
trinervium_ ~~ ~~~-~_~_~_~_- 106
Phyllanthus aeuminatus ~~ ~~~ ~~~ 108
Piper spo ~~~ ~~~ 106
VPiteairnia spo eee 106
Plumiera caracasanal ~~ ~~~ 108
Pogonopus exsertus———~-- ~~~ 111
KRauwoltia oe 104
stenophylla ~~. ee 104
Securidaca ovata ~~~ ~~-~__~_--- 107
Stemmodontia caracasana ~~~ ~~ 111
Stenandrium lyoni--~ ~-~~-~~~-~-~____ 110
Tabernaemontana grandiflora — ~~~ 109
Tecoma chrysantha —-~~---~------ 110
Tillandsia sp_-_---_---_-=-__---_--- 106
jumeea 9 ee 106
tenuifolin ~~~ ~~ ~~ 5 5 5 eee 106
utriculata o 222-22 ee 106
Tonduzin 22 ee 103
parvifolia, ~~~ ~~ 1638, 104
stenophylla ~~ oe 104
Trichilia spondioides ~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 107
Trera aleeaefolia ~~ ~--~---~-~-- ~~~ ~~ 106
Wedelia cnracasana 111
Aapote ee 99
del mico_~- ~~~ 99
Vil
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
VoLuME XII, Part 3
TYPES OF AMERICAN GRASSES:
A STUDY OF THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF GRASSES
DESCRIBED BY LINNA-US, GRONOVIUS,
SLOANE, SWARTZ, AND MICHAUX
By A. S. HITCHCOCK
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1908
II
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
IssuED JUNE 18, 1908
PREFACE,
The accompanying paper, by Prof. A. S. Hitchcock, Systematic
Agrostologist of the United States Department of Agriculture,
entitled ‘‘Types of American grasses: a study of the American
species of grasses described by Linnwus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz,
and Michaux,” is an important contribution to our knowledge of
American grasses.
It is regarded as of fundamental importance in the critical sys-
tematic investigation of any group of plants that the identity of the
species described by earlier authors be determined with certainty.
Often this identification can be made only by examining the type
specimen, the original description being inconclusive. Under the
American code of botanical nomenclature, which has been followed
by the author of this paper, ‘‘the nomenclatorial type of a species or
subspecies is the specimen to which the deseriber originally applied
the name in publication.”
The procedure indicated by the American code, namely, to appeal
to the type specimen when the original description is insufficient to
identify the species, has been much misunderstood by European
botanists. It has been taken to mean, in the case of the Linnean
herbarium, for example, that a specimen in that herbarium bearing
the same name as a species described by Linneus in his Species
Plantarum must be taken as the type of that species regardless of all
other considerations. In point of fact, the specimen preserved in
the herbarium of Linnwus is often not the type specimen of the
species whose name it bears. Linneus sometimes based a species
on the figure and description of an older author, but by mistake
placed in his herbarium a specimen belonging to a similar but distinet
species. Ile sometimes failed to preserve the specimen on which
one of his species was based, but later preserved some other specimen
incorrectly referred to the species. To consider such specimens
types would be quite contrary to the letter and the intent of the
American code.
An examination of the methods pursued by Professor Hitchcock
in locating and identifying the type specimens of American grasses
@ Printed in Bull. Torr. Club 84: 167-178. 1907.
IIE
IV PREFACE,
in Kuropean herbaria is earnestly commended to those botanists
who are not familiar with the method of types or who are opposed
to its application.
Opportunity was given by various curators for the examination of
specimens in their charge. Acknowledgment is made, however, to
B. Daydon Jackson, Carl A. M. Lindman, P. IH. Lecomte, and A. B.
Rendle for special courtesies and assistance rendered by them in
facilitating the examination of collections in their charge.
FREDERICK V. COvILLE,
Curator of the United States National Herbariwn.
CONTENTS.
Introduction...........---+ee2e-e- eee ee
The American grasses described by Linnaeus. ....--..----------------++-++---
The grasses of Gronovius’s Flora Virginica
The grasses of Sloane’s History of Jamaica
The West Indian grasses described by Swartz....-.....--------------------+
The grasses of Michaux’s Flora Boreali-Americana........--.----------+-+-+++-
List of new names and those replacing names in current use.........--------
TYPES OF AMERICAN GRASSES: A STUDY OF THE AMER-
ICAN SPECIES OF GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNZEUS,
tRONOVIUS, SLOANE, SWARTZ, AND MICHAUX,
By A. 8. Hrrencock.
INTRODUCTION.
During the spring of 1907 I had the opportunity of examining
many types of American species of grasses deposited in European
herbaria. In the present paper I have considered the species of
grasses described by Linneus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz, and
Michaux, the first only so far as they are based upon American ma-
terial. No attempt is made to determine the types of Old World
species.
Since the older authors did not indicate their types, these must be
determined from the records which have been preserved. The type
specimen is the specimen or one of the specimens from which the
author drew up the description. The specimen often supplements
or interprets the description. If the author mentions in his original
description a definite specimen, if this specimen has been preserved
and its identity certified by the data upon the label and by the name
of the species added by the author, it is clear that this specimen is
the type. However, it often happens that the evidence is less com-
plete. An author may have based his description upon more than
one plant (Panicum pubescens Lam., see page 147); the supposed type
may not agree perfectly with the description (Andropogon ischaemum
L., page 126); the author may have written the name upon more than
one sheet or upon a sheet which is not mentioned in the description
(Panicum latifolium 1.., page 118); the locality or other data on the
label of the type specimen may not agree with that published
(Zizania fluitans Michx., page 156); the type specimen may have been
sent to another herbarium (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx., page
147); the type specimen may be accompanied by a specimen of a dif-
ferent species upon the same sheet (Panicum dichotomum L., page 117) ;
or the type specimen may bear a name on the label which is different
from the one published (Chloris monostachya Michx., page 152); or
113
114 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
there may be several specimens from which the type must be selected
by comparison with the description (Panicum barbulatum Michx.,
page 148). These and other difficulties complicate the study and
make it necessary to examine carefully all the evidence. This evi-
dence not infrequently shows that a species has been misunderstood.
The original description may be insuflicient to identify the species,
but the identity can be established by the type specimen (Panicum
nitidum Lam., page 148). Tradition may have attached a name to
one species, while the description and the type specimen show that
the name belongs to another species (Cenchrus tribuloides L., page 127;
Agrostis aspera Michx., page 150).
In the following account I have considered each case upon its
merits and have presented the evidence upon which I have based
my decision. It will be seen that usually the apparent difficulties
disappear and we are able to determine the specimen the author
had chiefly in mind when he wrote the description. The earlier
authors, especially Linneus, frequently cited descriptions or plates
which they considered as referring to the same plant they were describ-
ing. Linneus even based his binomial upon the description or plate
of another author. If an author quotes the diagnosis of a species
described by another author and gives a name to this, but has no
description of his own, the type of the older author becomes the
type of the later (Panicum capillare, L., page 118). Linneus often
gave binomial names to species described by others. But if Linnzus
wrote a description and there has been preserved a specimen which
the evidence shows must have been seen by him when he drew up
the description, this specimen is the type, and not the specimen
which is the basis of the synonym (Panicum latifolium L., page 118;
Paspalum paniculatum L., page 116). The danger of placing too much
weight upon cited synonyms as evidence is shown by the fact that
Linneus sometimes cited a given Sloane plate under different species
in different works or even in the same work (Panicum sanguinale
L., page 117); or the synonyms may be quite different from the species
under which they are cited (Andropogon nutans L., page 125).
Fortunately the grasses left us by the older authors, though often
fragmentary, are in a satisfactory state of preservation, and it is
usually possible to determine their identity with certainty.
THE AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNZAUS.
The herbarium of Linneus, preserved at the rooms of the Linnean
Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, contains most of
his types. In the following article I have considered only those
species based wholly or in part upon American material, nearly all
of which was furnished by Kalm, Gronovius, Sloane, or Browne. In
the case of Old World species the specimens preserved by Linneus
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNZUS. 115
may not be type specimens, as he often applied a binomial to a species
already well known, but his American species may usually be traced
back to definite type specimens. The specimens from Kalm are
marked by Linneus with a small “Kk.” These specimens are credited
to Canada by Linneus, but Kalm traveled as far south as Pennsyl-
vania and New Jersey. The specimens from Patrick Browne in
Jamaica are marked “Br.’? The Gronovius specimens were collected
by Clayton‘and are described in Gronovius’s Flora Virginica. When
Linneeus quotes Gronovius’s diagnosis, Gronovius’s species is the
type and is represented by a specimen in the British Museum. Often
Linneus has a specimen in his own herbarium received from Grono-
vius which he describes, citing Gronovius as a synonym. In such
cases the Linnwan specimen is the type. Linneus often cites Sloane's
plates, but only occasionally quotes his diagnoses. Sloane's speci-
men is the type only when Linneus quotes Sloane’s diagnosis and
has no description of his own. In all cases it must be evident that
Linneus drew up his description wholly or in part from the preserved
specimen, which then becomes the type.
Cinna arundinacea L. Sp. Pl. 5. 1753.
This is the species as described in our manuals. The spikelets are nearly 5 mm.
long. Linnzeus states in his description that Kalm obtained the seed in Canada, The
sheet is marked “H U.” 4
Phalaris oryzoides L. Sp. Pl. 55. 1753.
There are two sheets, both bearing the name in the handwriting of Linnaeus. One
of these has a small label pasted on one corner of the sheet, ‘‘Gramen miliaceum Vol. 1,
pag. 350. n. 1.” This, which is clearly the type, is Homalocenchrus oryzoides (L.)
Poll. Munro states that this specimen is from Gronovius. The type locality of the
species, as given by Linneeus, is Virginia. The second sheet, on the other hand,
marked “Br” and therefore from Jamaica, is HIomalocenchrus herandrus (Sw.) Kuntze.
Sloane’s plate 71, figure 1, cited later by Linn:eus? is an Eragrostis.
Panicum dissectum L. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
Upon this sheet Linneus wrote “‘dimidiatum,’’ which is crossed out, and “‘dissec-
tum; also‘ K.’ The plant is what has been called Paspalum membranaceum Walt.
Spikes 4, with others hidden in the sheath; spikelets 2 mm. long.
In determining the type of Panicum dissectum L. several points must be taken into
consideration. Linnzeus describes the plant as follows, ‘Panicum spiculis alternis;
rachi lineari membranacea extrorsum imbricato-florifera.”’ This applies to the her-
barium specimen. The first synonym cited is “ Dactylis spicis alternis numerosis
patulis, calycibus unifloris. Roy. lugdb. 56.7" The character * spicis numerosis ”
not apply to the Linnean specimen. The second synonym, Plukenet, “Mant. 94. t.
350. f. 2” (irom America), can scarcely be the same as the specimen of Linnzeus, for
the blades of the figure are long and gradually narrowed to a point. The third syno-
nym is a citation from Sloane, Hist. Jam. 1: 112. pl. 69. f. 2. This is the plant now
called Paspalum virgatum, as shown by the plate and by the specimen preserved in
the British Museum. The same plate is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon fascicu-
does
@ An abbreviation for Hortus Upsalensis, indicating that the specimen was culti-
vated in that botanical garden.
bSp. Pl. ed. 2. 81. 1762.
116 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
latum.« The habitat of Panicum dissectum is given by Linnwus as ‘in Indiis.”’ We
obtain more hght by noting how Linneus disposed of the species in subsequent works.
The next reference is in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae> where the genus
Paspalum is established. The first species is dimidiatum, ‘‘P. spicis subsolitariis,
pedunculo communo membranaceo. Panicum dissectum, Sp. Pl. 57. n. 6.’ Although
he bases the new name upon Panicum dissectum, he changes the specific name to
dimidiatum. As his species of Panicun. No. 7 in the first edition was called P. dimi-
diatum, and there is no doubt that this is what we now call Stenotaphrum dimidiatum,
Linnieus apparently became confused, or inadvertently transferred the wrong name.
The real Panicum dimidiatum is omitted in the tenth edition of the Systema, but
reappears in the second edition of the Species Plantarum. That Linnweus made a
slip of the pen in his citation of 1759 is shown by the fact that in the second edition of
his Species Plantarum he restores the name dissectum and we have Paspalum dissectum
based on Panicum dissectum of the first edition. Plukenet’s figure is still cited, but
the other synonyms are omitted. Sloane’s plant was taken out and given the name
Paspalum virgatum 1..¢ and the same disposition was made of it in the second edition
of the Species Plantarum. In the latter work Linnzeus changes the habitat of Pas-
palum dissectum to ‘‘America calidiore,”’ and adds a further description which cer-
tainly applies to the specimen from Kalm rather than to any of the others under
consideration, ‘‘Gramen prostratum foliosum vaginis fere spathaceis. Spicae paucae
rachi membranacea dilatata ad latitudinem spicae ipsius distichae & secundae. Flores
orbiculati.”’
From the above it seems clear that Linnzeus had Kalm’s plant before him when he
wrote his description of 1753, but that he erred in his synonyms. We must not place
too much weight upon the localities, Indies and America calidiore, for at that time
there was little knowledge concerning the distribution of American plants. Paspalum
scrobiculatum 1..¢ from *‘ India orientali” has been considered by some a synonym
of P. disseetum (as Hooker in Fl. Br. Ind. 7: 11. 1896), but Iam unable to find any
evidence to support this disposition.
It seems proper that we should regard Kalm’s specimen in Linnzeus’s herbarium
as the type of Panicum dissectum L. and that this name should be taken up for the plant
we have been calling Paspalum membranaceum Walt., which becomes Paspalum
dssectum (.) L.
Paspalum virgatum L. Syst. Nat. ed: 10. 2: 855. 1759.
The specimen is from ‘ Br” and is the same as the Sloane plant referred to unde
the preceding species. The plant from Browne is the type, for, although Linnzeus
cites Sloane’s plate 69, figure 2 under this species, / he does not quote Sloane’s diagnosis
but gives one of his own.
Paspalum paniculatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855. 1759.
The plant is what has been going under that name in the floras of tropical America.
Linneus here cites Sloane’s plate, but uses his own diagnosis, which is quite different
from that of Sloane. His description ‘“P. paniculae spicis inferioribus subgeneris
basi villosis,’’ certéinly apples to his own plant received from Browne rather than
to the Sloane plant or plate. I can not agree with Mr. Nash, who makes Sloane’s
plant (which is Panicum fasctculatum Sw.) the type of this species, and hence calls
it Panicum paniculatum (L.) Nash.g This combination could not be used in any case
on account of Panicum paniculatim (L..) Kuntze,” which is based on Paspalum pani-
culatum L., without regard to its identity.
aSp. Pl. ed. 2. 1483. 1762. € Mant. 1: 29. 1767.
6 2: 855, 1759. / Loc, cit.; also Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 81. 1762.
CS. 1762. g Bull. Torr. Club 380: 381. 19038,
d@ Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 1: 855. 1759.’ Rev. Gen. 3: 363. 1898.
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNAEUS. 117
Paspalum distichum I. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855, 1759.
There is no indication on the sheet as to the source of the specimen, though Munro
states that itis from Browne. The specimen belongs to this species as generally under-
stood. Spikes 2 or 3; spikelets 3 mim, long, acute, pubescent on the convex side. —
Panicum glaucum IL. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
The type and form / are from the Old World but » is based on ‘Panicum spica
simplici, aristis aggregatis flosculo subjectis. Gron. virg. 184.7? This last form is
represented by Clayton no, 579 and is the ordinary form of Chaetochloa glauca (1.)
Scribn. .
Panicum crusgalli L. Sp. Pl. 56. 1753.
One sheet marked ‘K” is the ordinary small form of this species. This specimen
must be considered the type, since it agrees with the description and is the only one
to which Linnzeus has attached the name. Pinned to this are two other sheets both
from Gronovius. One is the large-panicled, short-awned form, with stout erect culms
and is the same as the plant in the Gronovius herbarium, cited in Gron. Fl. Virg. as
Clayton no, 591, and bears the label, “591 panicum arvense paniculis fuscis densiori-
bus glumis hispidis aristis brevioribus,’? which is quoted by Gronovius. On the
second sheet is the large-panicled, long-awned form with hispid sheaths, now called
Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Nash. It bears the label, 579 pl. 2 Panicum arundina-
ceum spica ampla densa hispida purpurea longis aristatis Clayt.,’’ which is mentioned
by Gronovius,@ who also quotes the Bauhin citation given by Linnzeus under 6. This
is, therefore, the specimen upon which the locality ‘‘ Virginiae cultis” is based and
represents Linnzeus’s idea of Panteum erusgalli fp.
Panicum sanguinale L. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
The specimen upon which Linneeus has written the name is marked “HU” and is
the ordinary form of this species, Syntherisma sanguinalis (L.) Dulac, as is another
sheet pinned to this with a citation from Sloane. Linnzeus cites “Gron. virg. 154,”’ in
his description. The plant, Clayton no. 457, could not be found at the British Museum,
but there is no doubt that Gronovius was describing our ordinary crab-grass— a name
which he uses. Linnzeus also cites “Sloan. Hist. 1, p. 118. t. 70. f. 2° a synonym
which, however, does not affect the identity of the type. In Sloane’s herbarium two
specimens are covered by this citation. One is Leptochloa virgata (L.) Beauy., the
other L. mucronata (Michx.) Kunth, but the plate is taken from the former. This
plate is cited under Cynosurus virgatus in the Systema Naturae,? and under both
Cynosurus virgatus (page 106) and Panicum sanguinale (page 85) in the second edition
of the Species Plantarum (1762),
Panicum filiforme L. Sp. Pl. 97. 1753.
The sheet taken as the type is marked “ K’’ and is the ordinary form, Syntherisma
filiformis (L.) Nash. A second sheet, also marked “1K”? has this and a specimen of
Muhlenbergia schreberi Gmel, A third sheet marked “ HU” is Syntherisma sanguinalis
(L.) Dulac.
Panicum dichotomum L. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753.
Linnwus’s specimen, marked “K7’, is Panicum microcarpon Muhl. (2?. barbulatum
of our manuals, not Michaux). Nodes barbed, spikelets 1.5 mm. long. Munro states
that this is “the plant described by A, Gray as dichotomum.”’ The latter, however,
has smooth nodes and spikelets 2mm, long. It should be noted that since Linnieus
gives no description of his own but quotes that of Gronovius the plant of Gronovius
becomes the type. Gronovius’s specimen (Clayton no, 458) consists of two plants,
one of which is the P. dichotomum of our manuals and the other P. odigosanthes Schultes.
The description applies better to the former, which should therefore be taken as the
type. This retains the name in the traditional sense.
ak]. Virg. ed. 2. 13, 1762, b Ed.10. 2: 876. 1759.
118 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Panicum clandestinum L. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753.
The type, from “ K’’, is the autumnal state of this species as commonly understood,
Linnzeus also cites Sloane, Hist. 1: 120. pl. 80, which is [ackelochloa granularis (1.)
Kuntze ( Manisuris granularis Sw.), but the’ description of Linneeus does not apply to
this.
Panicum capillare L. Sp. Pl. 58. 753.
The specimen is from “HoU.”’ Since Linneeus gives no description of his own,
but bases the name on ‘‘Gron, virg. 13,”’ the type is Clayton no. 454. This, which is the
same as the Linnwan plant, is the broad-leaved form with ample panicle, as described
in Britton’s Manual. Linnzeus’s citation® of Sloane® is Panicum trichoides Sw-
A specimen in the Stockholm herbarium marked “K’’ by Linnzeus is P?. philadelphi-
cum Bernh,
Panicum latifolium L. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753.
There are two plants from “K’? upon the sheet on which Linnzeus has written the
name. The left-hand plant is Panicum macrocarpon LeConte; the right-hand
plant is Panicum clandestinum 1, both in the vernal state. Pinned to this is a sheet
of Panicum divaricatum I., but Linnzeus has not written the name upon this. There
is also a third sheet upon which Linneeus has written the name and “Br.’’ This is
Panicum oryzoides Sw., but itshould be excluded from consideration, as Linnzeus appears
to have received Browne’s plants after he prepared his Species Plantarum; at least he
does not cite Browne’s specimens in the first edition, Linnzeus ¢ cites Sloane, Hist.
Jam. 1: 114. pl. 77. f. 3, the species referred to being now called Panicum sloanei
Griseb. It is the broad-leaved form with large panicle as distinguished from P.
divaricatum LL. Linnwus@ gives a rather extended description, which applies to the
first sheet mentioned above and not to the others. It would apply, I think, to
either of the two plants upon this sheet, but rather better to the left-hand plant
(P. macrocarpon LeConte). It has wider blades and the hairs around the base of the
blades are as described: “Folia latitudine Commelinae ad fauces amplexicaulia;
extus collo circum fauces villoso, etiam basi foliorum margine pilosa.”’ Further-
more, he has already described Panicum clandestinum. The leit-hand plant is there-
fore taken as the type and the name Panicum latifolium L. will stand for what we
have been calling Paniewm macrocarpon LeConte, Some botanists have applied
the name P, latifolium to the Sloane plant, but Sloane’s polynomial is a synonym
incorrectly cited. It should be noted that Sloane’s polynomial is the second syno-
nym given by Linnzus, the first being from Morison’s History, which probably is P.
boseii, but certainly is not the Sloane species. The plant described as Panicum lati-
folium by Gray and other early American botanists differs from P, macrocarpon
LeConte in having bearded nodes and larger spikelets. This is described in Britton’s
Manual as P. porterianum Nash, but an earlier name is 2. boseii Poir., the type of
which is in the herbarium at Florence.
Panicum virgatum L. Sp. Pl. 59. 1753.
The type sheet bears the number 578 and Gronovius’s polynomial which accompa-
nies this Clayton number in the Flora Virginica.e It is the species deseribed in our
manuals as Panicum virgatum. Pinned to this is a sheet of the same species bearing
the number 606 and Gronovius’s polynonual corresponding to this number of Clayton
in his Flora, Linnzeus has written the name upon the first sheet only.
aSp. Pl. 58. 1753, and ed 2. 86. 1762. d@Op, cit, 59,
bist. Jam. 1: 115. pl. 72. f. 8. , €2: 133. 1743.
cSp. Pl. 59, 1753; ed. 2. 87. 1762.
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNEZUS. 119
Panicum hirtellum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 870. 1759.
The type, from ‘Br,’ is Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Roem. & Schult., and is more
fully described in Amoen. Acad. 5: 391, 1759. The axes of the spikes are hispid, as
also the spikelets, but not theaxisof the inflorescence. Theawns are about | cm. long.
Panicum colonum I. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 870. 1759,
There are two sheets in the herbarium ranked by Linneus, one being from ‘Br.
Both are P. colonum as generally understood, though Munro states that one is P.
crusgalli, 1 should consider the specimen from Browne to be the type, as it answers
better to Linnzeus’s description, Linnzeus cites Sloane’s plate 64, figure 2, but does
not use his diagnosis, hence Sloane’s plant is not the type.
ce)
Panicum reptans I.. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 870. 1759,
This name should replace P. grossarium, as indicated below under that title.
Panicum grossarium L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 871. 1759.
Nospecimen or locality is cited here by Linnweus but the plant is more fully described,
later, in his list of Jamaica plants.¢ The specimen in the herbarium is from ‘‘ Br.”
The word ‘“‘reptans” was written on the sheet and then crossed out. Panicum reptans
L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 870, 1759, has been regarded as of uncertain identity. The
description applies to this specimen and, as this name is omitted in all the later works
of Linnzeus, it is quite probable that he described the same plant twice. The descrip-
tion of Panicum replans, placed between P. hirtellum and P. sanguinale, is as follows:
“P. panicula racemis simplicibus alternis secundis, flosculis geminis muticis: pilis
rarioribus involucratis.’” On the next page is the character of Panicum grossarium
(between 2. miliaceum and P. latifolium); ‘+P. panicula ramis simplicibus, floribus
geminis: pedicello altero brevissimo; altero longitudine floris.’’ The specimen is
not what has been considered Panicum grossarium by most authors but is Panicum
prostratum Lam. Hl.Gen. 1: 171. 1791. TI propose then to take up the name Panicum
reptans L. tor the grass which has been known as 7. prostratum Lam. Linnzeus’s de-
scription quoted above applies perfectly, even to the occasional long hairs on the
rachis. I am assuming that Richter is correct in placing the date of publication of
the tenth edition of the Systema in May, 1759, and the dissertation entitled ‘“ Pugillus
Jamaicensium plantarum” in December, 1759. In the latter work P. grossarium is
described, but P. reptans isnot mentioned.
The plant which has been called Panicum grossarium and for which a different
name must be taken up is Panicum “een Trin. Gram, Pan. 146. 1826,
Panicum divaricatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 871. 1759
The specimen is from “Br.’’ It is the sina leaved clambering form which is also
found in southern Florida.
Milium punctatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 872. 1759.
The type, from “ Br,”? is Eriochloa punetata (L.) Hamil. Awn about | mm. long;
axis pubescent but not villous; no conspicuous hairs around the base of the spikelet.
Agrostis mexicana IL. Mant. 1: 31. 1767
Cultivated, “HU. This is Wihlenbergia mericana (L.) Trin.
Agrostis virginica ]. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753.
The Linnwanspecimen, which is the type, is Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth. Lin-
neeus cites after his own diagnosis, *Clayt. virg. 507.°° Clayton’s specimen is the
same species. This number is not mentioned by Gronovius in the first edition of his
Flora Virginica. In the second edition (page 14. 1762) it occurs under Uniola sub-
spicata, etc. This number of Clayton is cited by Linneus under Uniola spicata also,
a Amoen. Acad. 5: 392 7
120 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Agrostis indica L. Sp. Pl. 65. 1753.
The type specimen from “ Br,” is Sporobolus indicus (.) R. Br. Linnzeus@ cites as
a synonym, Sloane, Hist. Jam. 1: 115. pl. 73. f. 1. This also is Sporobolus indicus,
Linneus cites the same plate under Poa ciliaris.
Agrostis radiata L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 872. 1759.
The specimen in the Linnean herbarium from “ Br?’ is Chloris radiata (L.) Sw. as
described in Grisebach’s Flora. Chloris radiata (1.) Sw. Prod. 26. 1788, is based on
Agrostis radiata LL. Swartz’s specimen is also this species. After his own description
in the Systema Linnzeus cites Sloane’s plate 68, figure 3, but does not use his diagnosis,
hence the Linnean plant is the type. Sloane's plant is Chloris eleusinoides Griseb.
Agrostis cruciata L.. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 872. 1759.
The specimen is from “ Br.’? Linnzeus cites Sloane’s plate 69, figure 1 after his own
description, but does not use his diagnosis, hence Browne’s plant in the Linnean her-
barium is the type. This and Sloane’s plant are Chloris cruciata (L.) Sw., as generally
understood.
Aira spicata L. Sp. Pl. 64. 1753.
All the species of Aira of Linnzeus are based upen Old World material. Linneeus
inadvertently gave the specific name spicata to two species of Aira in the same publi-
cation, The first is on page 63. He discovered this error and in the errata, volume 2,
changed the name of the first to indica. In the tenth edition of the Systema Naturae
he described the first species under the name 1. ¢ndica and the second he changed to
A. subspicata, thus eliminating the name spicata altogether. In the Species Plan-
tarum, ed, 2, 1762, the name spicata is retained for the second, probably inadvertently.
The two specimens in the herbarium show evidence of these changes. The first sheet,
which is Panicum indicum, shows the word Aira with a line drawn through, Panicum
written in front, and the final “a’’ of the specific name changed to “wm. The
second sheet, which is Trisetium subspicatum (L.) Beauv., shows that ‘sib’? has been
later prefixed to “spicata.”’ The specimen of this is pubescent like Avena mollis
Michx. ( Trisetuum molle (Michx.) Kunth.) Some authors have restricted the Linnsean
name to the glabrous form and used Michaux’s name for the pubescent form, either as
a species or a subspecies. It the two forms are considered distinct, the glabrous form
must receive a different name. .
As Linneeus corrected the name of the first Aira spicata to Aira indica in his list. of
errata, the latter name is valid for that species. The second Aira spicata is also valid
and the name of the species is Trisetum spicatum (L.) Richter, Plant. Europ. 1: 59,
1890 (7. subspicatum (L.) Beauy.; 7. molle (Michx.) Kunth.)
Aira aquatica L. Sp. Pl. 64. 1753 (Catabrosa aquatica (..) Beauv.), A. caespitosa L,
loc. cit. (Deschampsia caespitosa (.) Beauv.), and A. fleruosa L. op. cit. 65 (Des-
champsia fleruosa (L.) Trin.) appear to be identical with our North American forms.
Poa flava L. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753.
sased on “Gron. virg. 13.’’ Gronovius’s specimen, Clayton no. 273, which is the
type, is Triodia euprea Jacq.¢ 1 do not consider this species congenerie with Triodia
R. Br. Beauvois based his genus Tricuspis upon this species, changing@ Poa cacru-
lescens Michx. (a herbarium name for this species) to Tricuspis caroliniana. But on
account of Tricuspis Pers. 1807, Roemer and Schultes changed the name of the genus
to Tridens, citing Beauvois’s figure. The type species is Tridens quinguifida (Poa
quinguifida Pursh, which is the same as Poa flava L.). Wenee the name becomes
Tridens flava (1..) Witche. Rhodora 8: 210. 1906,
a@ Sp. Pl. 63. 175:
I
nd ed. 2.94. 1762. e Ch. Bot. Gaz. 88: 297. 1904.
bSp. PL. ed. 2. 2.
same
02. 176 @ Agrost. 77. pl. 15. f. 10. 1812.
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNJEUS. 121
Poa capillaris L. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753.
The type specimen, from ‘K,’’ is Hragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees. The Gronovius
specimen incorrectly cited by Linnzeus (Clayton no, 580) is Eragrostis pectinacea
(Michx.) Steud. .
Poa ciliaris L. Svst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 875. 1759.
The type specimen, from “Br,” is Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) Link. Linneeus@ cites
Sloane’s plate of Sporobolus indicus under this.
Briza eragrostis [.. Sp. Pl. 70.
The type specimen, from MK “is Eragrostis megastachya (Koel.) Link. The
Gronovius reference (Clayton no. 582) is the same. Both are the more compact-
panicled form. Linngeus’s specimen of Poa eragrostis L. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753, from Europe
is the form with more open panicles, but has the same large spikelets. The European
botanists (e. g. Ascherson and Graebner, Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. 2: 372.1900.) consider
Poa eragrostis L. to be the allied species (Eragrostis minor Host) with smaller, gland-
less spikelets, and quite open panicle. Though the Linngean specimen is Eragrostis
megastachya, yet the name Poa eragrostis may perhaps be considered as applicable to a
traditional species rather than to the specimen in his herbarium, This is a question
which European botanists will doubtless be prepared to decide, It seems to me,
however, that the description applies better to his specimen (‘‘spiculis serratis decem-
floris”) than to Eragrostis minor,
Uniola paniculata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753."
The type specimen is marked ‘ Uniola 1,’’ that is, the first Uniola described in the
Species Plantarum. It belongs to this species as generally understood. Linnzeus
cites Gronovius, ‘‘ Uniolacalycibus polyphyllis.”” In the first edition of Gronovius
this citation is based upon a reference to Hortus Cliffortianus and not upon a Clayton
plant. In the second edition a Clayton plant, no, 909, is mentioned, but this number
could not be found in the British Museum. There is no doubt, however, as to the
identity of the plant; it is the same as that of Linngeus. Gronovius refers to a figure
of Plukenet and gives the common name ‘‘sea-side oat.’’
Uniola spicata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753.
The type specimen, from “ K,”’ is Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene. Aiter his diagnosis
Linneeus cites Clayton no. 507, but this is Sporobolus virginieus (L.) Kunth, Linngeus
had already cited this number of Clayton under Agrostis virginica,
1753.
Dactylis cynosuroides L. Sp. Pl. 71.
The Linngean specimen, which is the type, is from Gronovius and is marked with
the number 577 and accompanied by Gronovius’s diagnosis. Gronovius’s plant cited
by Linneeus (Clayton no, 577) is the same, namely, Spartina polystachya (Michx.) Ell.
and should be called S. cynosuroides (L.) Willd. ¢
Linnzus subjoins a variety £8 based on a Gronovian citation. The corresponding
plant, Clayton no. 583, is Spartina glabra Muhl.
A second sheet pinned to the Linnean plant mentioned above (no. 577) is marked
by Linneus ‘1,’ that is the first species of Spartina. There is also a label attached
which says “ Phalaroides spicis inearibus subternis terminalibus secundis adpressis. ”?
This citation is from Loefling.@ The plant appears to be Spartina stricta of Europe,
and is probably the basis of the European habitat. (Linnzeus gives as habitat, © Vir-
ginia, Canada, Lusitania.’’) There is no evidence of his having seen a plant from
Canada. Linnzeus’s diagnosis ‘‘spicis sparsis secundis scabris numerosis’? applies to
the first Gronovian plant cited rather than to cither of the others.
a Sp. PL ed. 2. 102. 1762. cCf, Bot. Gaz. 85: 216, 1903.
b PL. 73.f. 1. d Iter, 115. 1758.
122 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cynosurus virgatus L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 876. 1759.
The type specimen, from “Br,’’ is Leptochloa virgata (L.) Beauv. After his own
description Lifnzeus cites Sloane’s plate 70, figure 2, but does not use his diagnosis,
hence Sloane’s plant, which is also Leptochloa virgata, is not the type. Linnzeus cites
the same plate of Sloane under Panicum sanguinale.¢
Bromus purgans L. Sp. Pl. 76. 1753.
One sheet is marked ‘3 purgans H U.’’ The specimen has rather sparsely retrorse-
pubescent, overlapping sheaths and evenly pubescent spikelets. This is B. latiglimis
(Scribn.) Hitche.2 (Bromus altissimus Pursh, not Gilib.). A second sheet is marked
“K 4.’’ In this specimen the sheaths are not overlapping, but the spikelets are
pubescent all over like the first. This is B. purgans as ordinarily understood and as
described in Shear’s Monograph of Bromus.¢ A third sheet is marked “H U 4°’ and
is like the first sheet. It will be observed that there is considerable confusion here.
Bromus no. 3, as described in the Species Plantarum, is called purgans, and no. 4 is
called cilatus. Both are said to come from Canada, collected by Kalm, the latter
(ciliatus) being from seed. But none of the specimens is B. ciliatus as we understand
the species@ nor corresponds to the description given by Linnzeus, which is unusually
ample. In his description he states ‘‘ petalorum marginibus (non dorso) valde pilosis,”
while in the specimens the lemmas are pubescent all over, as described for B. purgans.
We must conclude that there is no type of B. ciliatus in the herbarium and that the
specimens marked ‘47’ are not types of this species. We can thus retain the name for
the species as described in our manuals and in Shear’s Monograph. As to B. purgans,
Linneus’s description does not distinguish between the three specimens; that is, be-
tween B. purgans and B. latiglumis. Of these three specimens, two are marked ‘‘ H
U,” indicating that they were cultivated in the garden at Upsala. The third speci-
men, marked ‘kK 4,’ is the only one collected by Kalm. This plant, which is Bromus
purgans as commonly understood and as described in Shear’s Monograph of Bromus,¢
should be taken as the type, in spite of the 4’? placed upon the sheet by Linneus,
probably inadvertently. In the Stockholm herbarium are two specimens marked B.
purgans.€ The second specimen, marked by Solander, is B. latiglumis (Scribn.)
Hitche. The other, marked by Linnzeus ‘‘H U 4’’ and ‘te semine Canadensi,’’ seems
to be the same, though it is only a panicle.
Bromus ciliatus L. Sp. Pl. 76. 1753.
There is no type specimen of this species. The specimens marked **4,”’ that is, B.
etliatus, which is the fourth species of Bromus, do not agree with Linnzeus’s descrip-
tion. The original Linnean description applies to Bromus ciliatus as currently under-
stood and as described in Shear’s Monograph of Bromus./ For a further discussion of
this species see notes above under B. purgans.
Stipa avenacea L. Sp. Pl. 78. 1753.
The type specimen is from Gronovius, as it bears his diagnosis, ‘‘ Hordeum spice
tenuiorl,”’? ete. Tt is also marked by Linneeus ‘3 capillata,’’ but does not bear the
name avenacea. Apparently Linnzeus intended first to name the species capillata,
but subsequently adopted the name avenacea. This specimen and that of the Grono-
vian herbarium (Clayton no. 621) are Stipa avenacea as generally understood.
a@ Sp. PL. 57. 1753; ed. 2. 85. 1762.
6 Rhodora 8: 211. 1906.
¢ U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 28: 39. 1900. .
@ Shear’s Monograph (loc. cit. 31).
é Cf. Lindman, Arkiv. Bot. 7: 43. 1907.
J U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 31. 1900.
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNZEUS. 123
Avena pensylvanica I. Sp. Pl. 79. 1753.
The type specimen, marked “3 K pensylvanica,” is Trisetum pennsylvanicum (L.)
Beauv.
Avena spicata L. Sp. Pl. 80. 1753.
The specimen is marked ‘‘ K 10 bromoides.’’ The word bromoides has been scratched
out with pencil. Since the plant is Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. and answers to the
description of his Avena no. 10, A. spicata, we may assume that this is the type and
that there was some error in marking the name bromoides on the sheet. Linnzeus
later describes an Avena bromoides from Europe, a different species.
Arundo phragmites L. Sp. Pl. 81. 1753.
This is based on European material, but there is a reference to Gronovius. In the
first edition of Gronovius the number of Clayton’s specimen is given as 481. In the
second edition the number is 581. Clayton’s specimen is numbered 581. It is
Phragmites phragmites (L.) Karst. (P. communis Trin.).
Aristida americana L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 879. 1759.
The type specimen, from “Br,’’ is Bouteloua americana (L.) Scribn. (B. litugiosa
Lag.).
Elymus canadensis I. Sp. Pl. 83. 1753.
The type specimen is not the form described as E. canadensis in recent manuals,
but is the allied glaucous form which has been distinguished as E. glaucifolins Muhl.
For a discussion of this specimen see note below under EF. philadelphieus.
Elymus philadelphicus L. Amoen. Acad. 4: 266. 1759.
One sheet is marked by Linnieus ‘‘philadelphicus 3” and ‘HU.’ Under the
latter appears to be the word ‘‘Canada.’’ The figure 3 appears to be crossed out.
This is the glaucous form called FE. glaveifolius Muhl. It has a large, pendulous
spike, with diverging awns, and blades 1.5 to 2 cm. broad. This is apparently the
specimen Linnaus describes under E. canadensis, which is Elymus no. 3. The
diagnosis reads ‘‘spica flaccida-pendula.’’ A second sheet has a specimen of the same
species, but with erect spike and ascending awns. Linnzeus has not written upon
this, but there is a transcription of the diagnosis of 2. canadensis and also “Elymus
canadensis, Spec. 3. p. 83,’’ and, “‘ex seminibus canadensis in hortulo meo [then an
illegible word] 1753” followed by “Leche” in pencil. Leche was professor at Abo.
At the Stockholm herbarium there are also two sheets, one marked ‘“ Elymus phila-
delphicus” by Solander and the other “3” by Linneeus and ‘3 canadensis” by the
younger Linneeus. Both are E. glaucifolius, but the second is less glaucous, the
spike not quite so stout, the awns more ascending. The two specimens correspond
very well to the two in the Linnean herbarium at London, except that the one marked
“philadelphicus” at the former place is erect and at the latter place is nodding. It
will be noted that in the description of FE. philadelphicus it is distinguished from EF.
canaderisis by having a nodding spike and more flexuous awns. While jt seems clear
that at the time of describing E. philadelphicus Linneeus wished to apply this name to
the nodding form and the name £. canadensis to the erect form, yet we are left in doubt
as to the types of the two. The figure 3 on the specimen in the Stockholm herbarium
with erect spike and ascending awns, and marked ‘‘canadensis” by Linnzeus fil., is
said by Lindman @ to have been written by the elder Linneus. The latter has not
marked any specimen with the name canadensis. I suspect that the history of the
specimen is about as follows: Both forms were growing in the Hortus Upsalensis.
Linneus described E. canadensis from the nodding form, and marked the specimen in
his herbarium ‘3,’ Later*he distinguished between the two forms in his garden and
a Arkiv. Bot. 7: 45, 1907.
2
35023—voL 12, pr 3—OS8
124 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
decided to call the erect form canadensis. So he crossed out the “3” on his specimen
and wrote ** philadelphicus,’? but did not mark a specimen ‘‘canadensis.’”’ In this
case the specimen marked ‘“philadelphicus” is the nomenclatorial type of both.
Each is described in the second edition of the Species Plantarum, but here he fails to
distinguish between them. He copies the diagnosis of E. philadelphicus, but not the
distinction he has made between that and 2. canadensis. He also copies the descrip-
tion of FE. canadensis and distinguishes that from £. sibiricus without mentioning
E. philadelphicus. There is no doubt that all the specimens considered above are the
same species, 4. glaueifolius Muhl., which name must give way to EF. canadensis.
Heretofore the green form with more slender spikes has been considered typical F.
canadensis. E. philadelphicus becomes a synonym of E. canadensis. It is interesting
to note that in an article on ‘ Demonstrationes Plantarum,” @ in which Linneus
gives a list of plants cultivated in the Upsala garden, he says concerning FE. canadensis,
“Duplex in Horto occurrit: alter spica incurvata, alter spica pendula ut in E. sibirico,
sed structura plantae vix admittit differentiam specificam.’’
Elymus virginicus L. Sp. Pl. 84. 1753.
The type specimen is marked ‘4 virginicus.”’ Glumes and lemmas smooth, the
former about 1.5 em. long, including the awn point of about 5 mm., the latter with
awns | tol.5cem. long. The Clayton specimen (no, 446), corresponding to the Gronovian
synonym cited by Linnzeus, is not in the British Museum.
Elymus hystrix L. Sp. Pl. 560. 1753.
The type specimen is from Gronovius. Linnzeus has written upon it “6 Hystrix.”’
The specimen in the Gronovian herbarium at the British Museum (Clayton no. 570)
is the same, Hystrix hystrix (L.) Millsp. ( Hystrix patula Moench.).
Hordeum jubatum L. Sp. Pl. 85. 1753.
The type specimen is marked ‘6K jubatum.” It belongs to this species as described
in our manuals.
53
Coix dactyloides L. Sp. Pl. 972. 1753.
The type specimen is marked “2 dactyloides HU.’ Linneeus later includes this
species in his new genus Tripsacum,? of which it is the type. The specimen is the
ordinary form of Tripsacium dactyloides (1..) L. with three spikes.
Tripsacum hermaphroditum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1261. 1759.
Based upon Browne, Hist. Jam. 367. 1756. T did not find a specimen of this. The
species is Anthephora hermaphrodita (1..) Kuntze (A. elegans Schreb.).
,
This is based on “ Olyra, Sloan. Jam. t. 64, f. 2.’7 Sloane’s plant, which is the type,
belongs to the species as usually described. The Linnean specimen from “ Br’? is
the same.
Olyra latifolia [.. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1261. 1759.
») ?
Zizania aquatica [.. Sp. Pl. 991. 1753.
One specimén marked by Linnweus * Zizania HU’? and another marked “1 aquatica”
are both the small narrow-leaved form named Z. aquatica angustifolia Hitche.¢ The
blades are not over 7 or 8 mm. wide. Linnweus gives two synonyms, CGronovius’s
Clayton no. 574 and Sloane’s plate 67. both of which are the ordinary wide-leaved form,
Later Linnieus described a second species, Z. palustris. There is no specimen
in the herbarium marked thus. The description is quite ample. but the only
character given which would enable us to tell which form he had in mind is
that the leaves are wider than those of Arundo phragmites. The latter (Phragmites
phragmites (1..) Karst.) has blades rarely as narrow as | em. and usually 2 or 3 em.
wide. We may conclude, then, that he is describing the wide-leaved form, or what
@ Amoen. Acad. 8: 401. 1756. ¢ Rhodora 8: 210. 1906.
b Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1261. 1759. d Mant. 2: 295. 1771.
AMERICAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNZEUS. 125
we have been calling Zizania aquatica. The description of Z. aquatica as given by
Linnieus is very short, “ panicula effusa,’’ and would apply to either form. He prob-
ably did not then distinguish between the two. Both synonyms refer to the broad-
leaved form and the habitat given is Jamaica and Virginia, where the narrow-leaved
form is not known to occur, However, it seems evident that the only plant that Lin-
nveus saw was the narrow-leaved form, His description was short because he thought
there was but one species. The fact that later he described the broad-leaved form as
a distinct species confirms the opinion that his idea of Z. aquatica was the narrow-
leaved species. Consequently we must call the narrow-leaved species Zizania aquatica
L. and the broad-leaved species Z. palustris L.
Pharus latifolius lL. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1269. 1759.
The type specimen is from “Br,’’ and is the common Jamaican species. Lin-
nveus,” following his own diagnosis, cites Sloane's plate 73, figure 2, which is the same.
mee
Andropogon divaricatum I. Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753
The type specimen is marked “2 divaricatum’’ and is from Gronovius. As pointed
out elsewhere, this is the sameas A. alopeewroides L.. which isan Erianthus. It should
be called Erianthus divaricatus (L.) instead of Erianthus alopecuroides (L.) Ell.
Linnzeus also cites a synonym from Gronovius which is based on Clayton no. 600.
This is Sorghastrum linnaeanum (Hack.) Nash,
Andropogon nutans L. Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753.
The type specimen is marked “3 K nutans.”” It agrees with Linnzus’s diagnosis
and is Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash, as described in Small’s Flora. The panicle is
rather compact and the awn bent once. On the back of the sheet is a reference to
Gronovius, “ Lagurus Clayton 600,’’ but, as indicated above, that is S. linnaeanum
(L.) Nash. Linneus cited two synonyms of his Andropogon nutans, one trom Grono-
vius based on Clayton no, 621, which is Stipa avenacea L., and one from Sloane (plate
14, figure 2), which is Valota insularis (L.) Chase (Andropogon insulare L.; Paniewm
leucophaeum H. B.K.).
Andropogon alopecuroides L. Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753.
The type specimen is a Gronovian plant and bears Clayton’s number 601. The
corresponding specimen of Gronovius’s herbarium is the same, Erianthus alopecuroides
(L.) Ell, but should be called FE. divaricatus, as indicated above in the discussion of
Andropogon divaricatum LL. Linneeus here ¢ also cites Sloane’s plate 70, figure 1,
which is fim perata caudata Trin.
Andropogon virginicum L. Sp. Pl. 1046. 1753.
The type specimen is marked ‘7 virginicum,’? but without indication as to its
origin. It belongs to this species as usually understood. Gronovius’s specimen
(Clayton no. 460) is the same. A second sheet in the herbarium from ‘“Br.”? is A.
leucostachys T.B.K. Linnzeus4 cites Sloane’s plate 68, figure 2, which is Andropogon
leucostachys Hl. B. hk.
Andropogon bicorne L. Sp. Pl. 1046. 1753.
The type specimen marked by Linnzeus belongs to the West Indian species known
by this name. A second sheet with a Gronovius label and numbered 602 is A. sco-
parius Michx. The diagnosis of Gronovius, based on this latter specimen, is cited by
Linneus under sf. hirtwm, an Old World plant, but not under A. bicorne. Clayton
no, 602 in the Gronovius herbarium is also A. scoparius Michx. The Gronovian
synonym given by Linneeus under sl. bicorne is supported by a plant in the Gronovian
herbarium (Clayton no. 606) which is Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S. P. Lin-
neus€ cites Sloane, page 42, and later / cites his plate 15.
@ Also Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1408. 1762. @Sp. Pl.ed. 2. 1482. 1762,
b Bot. Gaz. 35: 215. 1903. eSp. Pl. 1046. 1753.
¢ Also Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1481. 1762. /Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1482. 1762.
126 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Andropogon ischaemum I.. Sp. Pl. 1047. 1753.
This is an Old World plant, but the only specimen in the herbarium is marked
“11 Ischaemum” and is A. furcatus Michx. This should not be taken as the type
of the species, since it is not the plant Linnzus describes.
Andropogon insulare L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1804. 1759.
The type specimen is from “Br.’’? It is Valota insularis (L..) Chase (Panicum leu-
cophaeum H. B. K.). After his own description Linnzus cites Sloane’s plate 14,
figure 2, which is also this species, but he does not use Sloane’s diagnosis.
Andropogon barbatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1805. 1759.
The type specimen, from ‘Br,’’ agrees with Linnzeus’s description. Tt was first
marked Andropogon fasciculatum; the specific name was scrat@hed and barbatum
written above. This latter name is also scratched and polydactylon written alter.
Both changes appear to have been made by Linneus. The plant is Chloris polydactyla
(L.) Sw., as described in Grisebach’s Flora.¢ Linneeus here cites Sloane, plate 65,
figure 2, which he earlier referred to Andropogon fasciculatum, but which in fact is
Chloris polydactyla, Later ® Linnzeus changes the name barbatum to polydactylon, citing
Browne and also the plate of Sloane just mentioned. Upon these grounds Nash forms
the name Chloris barbata (L.) Nash, ¢ but according to the recent code of nomenclature
this name can not be used on account of Chloris barbata (L.) Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 300.
1797, which is Andropogon barbatum L. Mant. 2: 302. 1771, from the East Indies.
Andropogon fasciculatum L. Sp. Pl. 1047. 1753.
Munro@ states that there are two Linneean specimens marked with this name, one
being Hleusine indica and the other Pollinia ciliata. The only plant from America
bearing this name in the Linnzean herbarium is the sheet mentioned above under
Andropogon barbatum, in which the name fasciculatum was scratched. But this speci-
men is marked “‘Br’’ and presumably was not available when Linnaeus drew up his
original description, though the description applies well to this specimen, This
specimen is, no doubt, the basis of the Browne synonym cited in Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1483.
1762, under A. polydactylon. Linneeus ¢ cites Morison, Gramen Dactylon indicum,
etc., but this is an Indian plant and has villous spikes, while Linnzeus remarks that
the spikes in his specimen are glabrous. The habitat is given in the original pub-
lication as ‘‘Indies,’’ that is, the West Indies. Linnaeus / doubtfully refers here
Sloane, plate 65, figure 2, which is Chloris polydactyla (L.) Sw., cited later under
Andropogon barbatumg and A. polydactylon.h We may therefore climinate these
two synonyms of Morison and Sloane, which are the only ones given. In the
Systema Naturae? Linnzeus retains A. fasciculatum along with his new A. harbatum
to which he transfers the Sloane citation. In the Pugillus Jamaicensium/ he does
not mention A. fasciculatum, but he gives A. barbatum, which is founded on the
Browne specimen. In the second edition of the Species Plantarum he still retains
A. fasciculatum with the original description and the Morison citation, introduces a
new citation (Browne Jam. 365), and changes the Sloane citation to plate 69, figure 2,
which is Paspalum virgatum. It is evident that the type of A. fasciculatum is not
from America in spite of the continued reference to American citations.
Holcus laxus L. Sp. Pl. 1048. 1753.
The type specimen is a Gronovian plant numbered 589, upon which Linnzeus has
written “6 laxus.’? It is Uniola lava (.) B.S. P. (Uniola gracilis Michx.). Clay-
ton no. 589 in the Gronovian herbarium is the same.
oF, Brit. W. Ind. 539. 1864. / Loc. cit.
bSp. Pl. ed. 2. 1483. 1762. g Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1305. 1759.
e Bull. Torr. Club 25: 443. 1898. ASp. Pl. ed. 2. 1483. 1762.
@ Proc. Linn. Soc. 6: 53. 1862. i Ed. 10. 2: 1305. 1759.
€Sp. Pl. 1047. 1753. jAmoen, Acad. 5: 389. 1759.
GRASSES OF GRONOVIUS’S FLORA VIRGINICA. 127
Holcus striatus L. Sp. Pl. 1048. 1753.
The type specimen is a Gronovius plant numbered 590, upon which Linnweus has
written ‘‘7 striatus.’’ It is Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash (Panicum gibbum FI1.).
Clayton no. 590 in the Gronovius herbarium is the same.
Apluda zeugites L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1306. 1759.
The type specimen is from “ Br.’ It is Zeugites americana Willd., which, however,
must be called Senites zeugites (L.) Nash in litt. Senites Adans. replaces
Zeugites R. Br., which is a hyponym.
Cenchrus echinatus L. Sp. Pl. 1050. 1753.
The type specimen, which belongs to this species as usually understood, is marked
by Linneeus ‘“‘echinatus” without indication as to its origin. Following a number of
other synonyms Linnzeus4@ cites Sloane, page 108. The habitat given by Linnieus is
‘Jamaica, Curassao.”’
Cenchrus tribuloides L. Sp. Pl. 1050. 1753.
The type specimen, from “K,’’ is the large-burred species of the Atlantic coast
which has been called C. macrocephalus (Doell) Seribn. and to which the Linnean
diagnosis ‘‘C, glumis semineis globosis muricato-spinosis hirsutis’’ and habitat ‘‘in
Virginiae maritimis’’ better apply than to the inland plant that has been going under
the name tribuloides. The inland species must be called C. carolinianus Walt. The
Gronovian specimen (Clayton no. 206) is the same as the Linnean. Sloane’s plate 65,
figure 1, is cited by Linnzeus.b Sloane’s specimen is C. carolinianus Walt.
THE GRASSES OF GRONOVIUS’S FLORA VIRGINICA.
The herbarium of Gronovius is incorporated in the general her-
barium of the British Museum of Natural History. The specimens
upon which Gronovius based his dese ription in his Flora Virginica
were collected in Virginia by John Clayton. Each sheet usually
bears a diagnosis and the Clayton number, both of which are given
by Gronovius, thus connecting the Clayton specimens with the species
described in the Flora Virginica. The species are given below in the
sequence in which they occur in the first edition of Gronovius’s Flora
Virginica (part 1, 1739; part 2, 1743), the diagnoses being quoted
from that work. Many of these polynomials are cited by Linnxus
as synonyms under his own species in the first edition of the Species
Plantarum and are referred to in the discussion of the corresponding
Linnean species, in a preceding portion of this article.
Panicum paniculatum floribus muticis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 1739.
Clayton, no. 3881. No specimen was found. I am unable to identify this plant.
Gronovius cites also Pluk. Alm. 176. ¢. 92. f.7. This appears to be a Panicum resem-
bling P. clandestinum L., but it can not be certainly identified from the figure. This
species of Gronovius is not cited by Linnzus.
Panicum panicula capillari erecta, foliis pilosis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 13. 1739.
Clayton, no. 454. The specimen is Panicum capillare L., of which it is the type.
Poa spiculis ovatis oblongis nitidis, panicula diffusa. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 13, 1739.
Clayton, no. 273. This is cited by Linnzeus under Poa flava, of which it is the type.
The specimen is Tridens flava (L.) Hitche. (Priodea cuprea Jacq. Za
@ Also Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1488. 1762,
bSp. Pl. 1050, 1753 and ed. 2. 1489 1762.
128 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis, involucris flosculos crassitie &
longitudine superantibus. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 13. 1739.
Clayton, no. 446. This is cited by Linnzeus under Elymus virginicus. The Clayton
specimen could not be found.
Coix seminibus ovatis. Linn. Hort. Cliff. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 114. 1739.
Clayton, no, 67. This is cited by Linneus under Coir lachryma jobi. The speci-
men in the British Museum is a species of Carex labeled (. folliculata. Gronovius’s
further description, **Gramen Lacrymae Jobi affini, fructu in spicam congesto,”’ ap-
ples to this specimen of Carex, and we may consider it an error of determination.
Coix seminibus angulatis. Linn. Hort. Cliff. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 114, 1739.
Clayton, no. 445, This is not cited by Linnzeus in the first edition of his Species
Plantarum. In the second edition he cites Gron. 144 [error for 114] under Tripsacum
dactyloides. Clayton’s specimen is Tripsacum dactyloides (1..) L.
Cenchrus capitulis spinosis tomentosis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 1: 122. 1739.
Clayton, no. 206. This is cited by Linneus under Cenchrus tribuloides. The speci-
men is Cenchrus tribuloides LL. (C. macrocephalus (Doell) Seribn.), the large-burred,
maritime corm and not the inland C. carolinianus Wait.
Andrapogon pedunculis conjugatis in medio pilosis, cite. Roy. prodr. Gron. FL.
Virg. 2: 132. 1743.
Under this are included two plants: 1. “Gramen ischaemum spicis plumosis
aristatis, efoliorum alis exeuntibus.”” Clayton, no. 460. This is Andropogon virginicus
L. In the Species Plantarum (page 1046. 1753) under Andropogon virginicus Lin-
nus cites Roy. lugbd. as above and Gronovius by page only, omitting the Grono-
vian diagnosis. 2. “ Lagurus spicis inter folia brevia ad culini summitatem dense fasci-
culatim congestis,’? Clayton, no. 606,¢ which is Andropogon glomeralus (Walt.) B.S. P.
This is not cited by Linneus. Gronovius cites the same specimen under Lagurus
spicis oblongis, etc., page 135.
Andrapogon spicis conjugatis, calycibus hirsutis. Roy. prodr. Giron. Fl. Virg.
2: 183. 1743.
Clayton, no. 602. This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon hirtum. The speci-
men is Andropogon scoparius Michx.
Andrapogon culmo paniculato. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 133. 1743.
Clayton, no. G01, This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon alopecuroides. The
specimen is Erianthus divaricatus (L.) Hitche. (#. alopecuroides (1..) Ell).
Andrapogon foliis arundinaceis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 133. 1743.
Clayton, no. 687. This is not cited by Linneus. The specimen is Brianthis con-
tortus Ell.
Andrapogon folio superiori spathaceo, pedunculis lateralibus oppositis uni-
floris aristis globosis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 133. 1743.
Clayton, no. 621. This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon nutans, the last
word of the diagnosis being changed to fleruosis, as globosis is an obvious error. He
“There are two sheets marked with this number. The first is Andropogon glomeratus
(Walt.) B.S. P. It is referred to by Gronovius (page 132) under *! Andrapogon pedun-
culis,’”? ete., Roy. prodr., and again (page 135) under ‘ Lagurus spicis oblongis’’ ete.,
Linn. Hort. Cliff., the Clayton diagnosis being the same in the two cases. ( Laquris
spicis inter folia brevia ad culmisummitatem dense fasciculatim congestis, Clayton, 6067’).
The second is Panicum virgatum L. referred to by Gronovius (p. 133) under ‘* Pani-
cum paniculatum glumis acutis,”’ with the Clayton diagnosis, “‘Gramen miliaceum
altissimum,’’ ete. In the second edition of the Flora Virginica Gronovius disposes of
the two specimens in the same way, except that he omits the citation of the page
under “ Andrapogon peduncutis,” ete.
~ ac Pl 4 asl
GRASSES OF GRONOVIUS’S FLORA VIRGINICA. 129
also makes the same citation under Stipa avenacea. In the second edition of the
Flora Virginica Gronovius refers to Clayton no, 621 under two species, on page 15 under
Stipa, and on page 158 under Andropogon. The Clayton specimen is Stipa avenacea,
Panicum paniculatum glumis acutis. Gyon. Fl. Virg. 2: 133. 1743.
Two specimens are included: 1. Gramen miliaceum altum maritimum foltis Arun-
dinis. Clayton, no. 578; and, 2. Gramen miliacenm altissimum, panicula omnaum
maxima sparsa, ete., Clayton, no. 606. Both are Paniewn virgatum, This is cited by
Linmeus under Paniewm virgatium, with the proper Clayton diagnosis, ** Paniewm pani-
culatium, glumis acutis Gron, Virg. 183.7? Clayton 606@ is also cited by Gronovius
under Andrapogon, page 132, but it is a different diagnosis and a different specimen.
Panicum paniculis simplicibus, culmo ramoso subdiviso. Gron. FI. Virg. 2:
133. 1743.
Clayton, no. 458. This is cited by Linneus under Panicum dichotomum, of which
it is the type. This sheet has two plants, Paniewn dichotomum L. as usually under-
stood and P. oligosanthes Schult. The description applies better to the former,
which, therefore, has been selected as the type specimen. For further discussion
see page 117.
Panicum spica simplici, aristis aggregatis flosculo subjectis. Gron. Fl. Virg.
2: 134. 1743.
Clayton, no. 579. This is cited by Linneeus under Panicum glaveum vy. The
specimen is Chaetochloa glauca (1..) Scribn.
Panicum spicis alternis oppositisve linearibus patentissimis muticis, etc. Roy.
prodr. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 154, 1743. °° Crab-grass.”’
Clayton, no. 457. This is cited by Linmeus under Panic sanguinale, No speci-
men could be found.
Panicum spicis alternis remotis declinatis compositis. Linn. Virid. Gron. Fl.
Virg. 2: 134. 1743.
Clayton, no.591. This is not cited by Linnzeus. Under Panicum italicum he cites
“Gron. Virg. 134,"’ but the diagnosis is different from anything given by Gronovius.
In the second edition of Gronovius the Clayton number is misprinted 561. ©The speci-
men is Hehinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.
Dactylis spicis secundis alternis erectis approximatis, calycibus unifloris
subulatis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 134. 1745.
He characterizes this further as ‘‘Gramen maritimum spicatum foliis longis angus-
tis”, ete. Clayton, no. 583. This is cited by Linnzeus under Dactylis cynosurotdes fs.
The specimen is Spartina glabra Muhl.
Gronovius here‘alludes to two other specimens (‘* Hujus Generis sunt”). 1. Gramen
maritimum spica crassa dactyloide, ete. Clayton no. 577. This is cited by Linnwus
under Dactylis cynosuroides. The specimen is Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Willd,
(Spartina polystachya (Michx.) Ell.) 2. Gramen avenaceum locustis argenteis spectosis
lucidis muticis, uno versu lave dispositis. Clayton no. 553. There is no specimen of
this and I do not find that it is cited by Linnieus.
Lagurus spicis oblongis pedunculatis, etc, Linn. Hort. Cliff. Gron. Fl. Virg.
2: 135, 1743.
Clayton, no. 606.4 This specimen is cited by Gronovius under the ** Andrapogon”’
on his page 132 also. Linnzeus cites it under Andropogon bicorne. The specimen is
Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S. P.
Lagurus humilior, panicula unica laxe nutante, culmum terminante. (ron.
Fl. Virg. 2: 136. 1743.
Clayton, no. 600. This is cited by Linneus under Andropogon divaricatum. The
specimen is Sorghastrum linnaeanwm (Hack.) Nash.
a See footnote page 128.
130 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Aira panicula oblonga, floribus muticis, hermaphrodito masculoque, caly-
cibus triphyllis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 135. 1743.
Clayton, no. 590. This is cited by Linneeus under Holeus striatus, but he changes
the last word of the diagnosis to diphyllis. The specimen is Sacciolepis striata (1..)
Nash (Panicum gibbum Ell.),
Aira calycibus trivalvibus trifloris. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 136. 1743.
Clayton, no. 589. This is cited by Linnzeus under /folcus larus. The specimen is
Uniola lara (L.) B.S. P. (U. gracilis Michx.).
Poa panicula laxa erecta stricta, spiculis erectis oblongis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2:
136. 1743.
Clayton, no. 581. This is cited by Linnwus under Poa capillaris. The Clayton
number on the sheet is 580, and is so cited in the second edition of Gronovius. The
specimen is Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Steud.
Uniola calycibus diphyllis, spiculis ovato-lanceolatis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 136.
1743,
Clayton, no. 582. This is cited by Linnzeus under Briza eragrostis. The specimen
is Hragrostis megastachya (Koel.) Link.
Cynosurus spicis quaternis terminatricibus horizontalibus. Roy. prodr.
Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 136. 1743.
Clayton, no, 597. Linnzeus cites the Royen diagnosis under Cynosurus aegyptius, but
does not cite Gronovius. The specimen is Eleusine indica (1..) Gaertn:
Gramen avenaceum locustis aristatis, paniculis forma Echinum referenti-
bus. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 136. 1743.
Clayton, no. 570, This is cited by Linnzeus under Elymus hystrix (Sp. Pl. 560,
1753).
The specimen is Hystrix hystrix (L.) Millsp. (Asprella hystrix Willd.; Hystrix patula
Moench).
Arundo panicula laxa, calycibus quinquefloris. Roy. prodr. Gron. Fl. Virg.
2: 137. 1743. .
Clayton, no. 581, This is cited by Linnzeus under Arundo phragmites. The Clayton
number in the second edition of Gronovius is misprinted 481. The specimen is
Phragmites phragmites (L.) Karst. (P. communis Trin.).
Arundo maxima. Ad ripas fluminis Maharin & in Carolina boreali crescit, E
caudice geniculis perterebratis Angli calamos piscatorios conficiunt. Clayt.
Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 137. 1743.
No Clayton number is given and it is not mentioned in the second edition nor is
it cited by Linneeus. It probably refers to the large cane, Arundinaria macrosperma
Michx.
Gramen arundinaceum glumarum apicibus dilute purpureis. Gron. FI.
Virg. 2: 137. 1743.
Clayton, no. 596. The specimen of this has not been seen, and I am unable to
identify it. It does not appear in the second edition of Gronovius.
Oryza glumis carina hispidis. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 153. 1743.
Clayton, no. 595. This is cited by Linnzeus under Phalaris oryzoides. The Clayton
number in the second edition of Gronovius is 395. A specimen without number but
bearing this diagnosis is Homalocenchrus oryzoides (1..) Poll.
Zizania. Gron. Fl. Virg. 2: 189. 1743.
Clayton, no. 574. This is cited by Linnzeus under Z. aquatica. The specimen is
Z. palustris L.
GRASSES OF SLOANE’S HISTORY OF JAMAICA. 131
The following additional species occur in the second edition of
Gronovius’s Flora Virginica, 1762:
Poa panicula diffusa angulis rectis, spiculis obtusis, culmo obliquo com-
, , q
presso. Linn. Fl. Suec. Gron. FI. Virg. ed. 2. 13. 1762,
Clayton, no. 936. The specimen is Poa annua L.
Uniola subspicata, foliis involutis rigidis. Linn. Spec. Gron. Fl. Virg. ed. 2.
14. 1762,
Clayton, no. 507. Linnzeus cites ‘‘Clayt. virg. 507” under Agrostis virginicaé and
also under Uniola spicata.o The specimen is Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth. In
neither case is a Gronovius or Clayton diagnosis quoted.
Uniola paniculata Linn. Spec. Gron. Fl. Virg. ed 2. 14. 1762.
P I g
Clayton, no. 909. Linneus cites under Uniola paniculata ** Uniola calycibus poly-
phyllis. Gron. virg. 136.’’ Gronovius mentions this polynomial in connection with
his preceding species, U. calycibus diphyllis (Eragrostis megastachya). Gronovius’s
p & Ss} , ‘ 4
species is without doubt the same as the Linnwean, that is, Uniola paniculata, although
no specimen was found.
THE GRASSES OF SLOANE’S HISTORY OF JAMAICA.
The grasses described by Sloane are preserved in the Sloane her-
barium at the British Museum of Natural History. The list given
below is in the same sequence as that of Chapter IV, of Sloane’s
History of Jamaica,° entitled ‘Of Herbs with grassie Leaves,’’¢
from which the diagnoses are quoted. Sloane’s plates are frequently
quoted by Linneus in the first edition of his Species Plantarum, but
in only a few cases are Sloane’s specimens the types of the Linnwan
species. In the following list it is so stated in connection with each
species, if the Sloane plate is cited by Linneeus, or if the Sloane plant
is the type of a Linnean species:
Oryza. Raii hist. 1240.
An account of rice (Oryza sativa LL.) as cultivated in Jamaica. The specimen isan
awned variety.
Milium Indicum arundinaceo caule granis flavescentibus. Herm. Cat.¢ p. 425.
An account of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) as cultivated in Jamaica, ‘for Pro-
vision.’’ The specimen is a form with short compact panicles. There is not enough
of the stem to show if it be curved.
aSp. PL. 63. 1753.
bOp. eit. 71.
c A voyage to the islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, 8. Christophers, and Jamaica,
with the natural history of the herbs and trees, four-footed beasts, fishes, birds, insects,
reptiles, &c., of the last of these islands; to which is prefix’d au introduction, wherein
is an account of the inhabitants, air, water, diseases. trade, &c., of that place, with
some relations concerning the neighboring continent and islands of America. By
Hans Sloane, M.D. vol. 1, 1707; vol. 2, 1725.
@1: 102. 1707.
é Sloane’s earlier work, Catalogus plantarum, quae in insula Jamaica sponte pro-
veniunt, etc. 1696.
182 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Panicum Indicum spica longissima. ©. B. Theat. Bot. p. 523.
An account of pearl millet. Said to be cultivated occasionally. No common
name is given. The specimen is Pennisetum americanum (L.) Schum.
Frumentum Indicum Mays dictum. C. B. Cat. p. 26.
An account of Indian corn or maize (Zea mays L.) as cultivated in Jamaica. There
is no specimen.
»
Gramen caninum maritimum spicatum quartum. ©. 1B. Cat. p. 29.
The specimen is Sporobolus virginicus (1..) Kunth.
Gramen spica brizae singulari, locustis majoribus, villosis, purpurascentibus.
Cat. p. 30. Tab. 64. Fig. 1,
The specimen is the Andropogon secundus of Grisebach’s Flora. The awns are all
fallen off. The plate appears to have been taken from this specimen.
Gramen paniceum maximum, spica divisa, aristis armatum. Cat. p. 30.
Sloane gives the common name ‘Scotch grass.’’ The specimen is Eehinochloa
erus-galli (..) Beauv. with medium-long awns. Sloane states that this is cultivated
all over Jamaica for fodder.
Gramen paniceum majus, spica simplici laevi, granis, petiolis insidentibus.
Cat. p. 30. Tab. 64. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linneeus under Olyra latifolia@ and the Sloane specimen is the type.
Gramen paniceum spica simplici laevi. Raii hist. p. 1261.
The specimen is Chaetochloa imberbis (1..) Seribn.
Gramen paniceum minimum humi stratum, spica divisa mutica, foliis varie-
gatis. Cat. p. 30. Tab. 64. Fig. 3.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Panicum colonum. There are two specimens,
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, from which the plate is made, and Panieum reptans L.
(P. prostratum Lam.).
Gramen echinatum maximum spica rubra vel alba. Cat. p. 30.
The specimen is Cenchrus echinatus 1.,, under which it is cited by Linnzeus.
Gramen maritimum echinatum procumbens culmo longiori & spicis stri-
gosioribus. Cat. p. 30. Tab. 65. Fig. 1.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Cenchrus tribuloides. The specimen is (. caro-
linianus Walt.
Arundo saccharifera. C. B. Cat. p. 30. Tab. 66.
The specimen is sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum TL.) and is cited by Linnzus
under Saccharum officinarum.
Arundo maxima folio dentato. Cat. p. 32.
There is no specimen. Sloane is evidently describing a bamboo.
Arundo alto gracilis, foliis e viridi caeruleis, locustis minoribus. (at. p. 33.
Tab. 67.
Sloane designates this as “the trumpet reed.’”’ The specimen is Phragmites phrag-
mites (L.) Karst. (P. communis Trin.).
Gramen dactylon bicorne tomentosum minus. Cat. p. 33. Tab. 68. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linneus under Andropogon virginicum.6 The specimen is Andro-
r
pogon leucostachys 1. B. K
Gramen dactylon spicis brevibus crassis plerumque quatuor cruciformiter
dispositis. Cat. p. 33.
The specimen is Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.
aSyst. Nat. ed. 10. 1261. 1759. bSp. Pl. ed. 2. 1482. 1762.
GRASSES OF SLOANE’S HISTORY OF JAMAICA. 1338
Gramen dactylon elatius spicis plurimis tomentosis. Cat. p. 33. Tab. 65,
Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon barbatum@ and under A. polydactylon>
and, with a question, under A. fasciculatum.¢ The specimen is Chloris polydactyla
of Grisebach’s Flora.
Gramen dactylon procumbens, crassum & viridius, culmo reclinato. Cat.
p. 33.
Sloane gives the common name © Dutch grass.’’ The specimen is Eleusine indica
(L.) Gaertn.
Gramen dactylon spicis gracilioribus plerumque quatuor cruciformiter dis-
positis. Cat. p. 33. Tab. 68. Fig. 3.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Agrostis radiata. The specimen is Chloris eleust-
notdes Griseb.
Gramen dactylon bicorne repens, foliis latis brevibus. Cat. p. 33.
There are two specimens, Paspalum conjugatum and Paspalum vaginatum Sw., as
described in Small’s Flora. The description applies to the latter. There is no plate.
Gramen dactylon bicorne spicis purpurascentibus majus. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 69.
Fig. 3.
The specimen is Eleusine indica (L.) Gacrtn. The same species is described under
Gramen dactylon procumbens, etc. The plate appears to be the same. There seems to
be some confusion here, as the description does not apply in all respects. The spikes
are said to be always two, suggesting Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv. (Paspalum
compressum of Grisebach’s Flora.).
Gramen dactylon bicorne spicis purpurascentibus minus. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 68.
Fig. 1.
The species is Paspalum conjugatum Berg.
Gramen dactylon bicorne minimum aristis longis armatum. Cat. p. 34.
Tab. 69. Fig. 1.
This is cited by Linnwus under Agrostis cruciata.¢ The specimen is Chloris cruciata
(L.) Sw.
Gramen dactylon majus, pannicula longa, spicis plurimis nudis crassis. Cat.
p. 34. Tab. 69. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linnweus under Panienm dissectum ¢ and under Paspalum virgatum.F
The specimen is Paspalum virgatum 1. as commonly understood.
Gramen dactylon, alopecuroides facie, pannicula longissima e spicis plu-
rimis tomentosis constante. Cat. p. 3. Tab. 70. Fig. 1.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon alopecuroides. The specimen is Jm-
perata caudata Trin.
Gramen dactylon pannicula longa, e spicis plurimis gracilioribus purpureis
vel viridibus mollibus constante. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 70. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Panicum sanguinale g and under Cynosurus virgatus.2
There are two specimens, Leptochloa virgata and L. mucronata. The description
and plate refer to the former.
a Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1305, 1759. eSp. PL. 57. 1753.
bSp. Pl. ed. 2. 1483, 1762. /Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855. 1759.
eSp. Pl. 1047. 1753. gSp. Pl. 57. 1753; ed, 2. 85. 1762.
d@ Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 872. 1759. hSyst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 876. 1759,
184 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Gramen dactylon pannicula longa, spicis plurimis gracilioribus & longis.
Cat. p. 34. Tab. 70. Fig. 3.
The specimen is Syntherisma setosa (Desy.) Nash. For a discussion of the name
to be used for this species see the account of Milium digitatum of the Swartz her-
barium, page 142,
Gramini tremulo affine, panniculatum elegans majus, spicis minoribus &
longioribus. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 71. Fig. 1.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Phalaris oryzoides.© The specimen is Eragrostis
) I gq
prolifera (Sw.) Steud., as described in Grisebach’s Flora, The plate was made from
the specimen, The spikelets are mostly 8 to 10-flowered, the lemmas about 1.6 mm,
long, and the paleas minutely ciliate-keeled.
g, |
Gramini tremulo affine, paniculatum elegans minimum. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 71.
Fig. 2.
This is cited by Swartz under Poa glutinosa.6 The specimen is the same as Curtiss,
no. 420, from the Isle of Pines, distributed as Hragrostis bahiensis Steud.
Gramen miliaceum, sylvaticum, maximum, semine albo. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 71.
Fig. 3.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Panicum latifoliume and by Swartz under P.
glutinosum.¢ The specimen is Panicum sloanei of Grisebach, who cites Sloane’s
plate.
Gramen miliaceum majus, panicula minus sparsa, locustis minimis. ‘at.
p. 34. Tab. 72. Fig. 1.
The specimen is Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash (Panicum gibbum EIlL.).
Gramen miliaceum, panicula viridi, vel purpurea. Cat. p. 34. Tab. 72. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Paspalum paniculatum.¢ The specimen is Panicum
faseiculatum Sw.
Gramen miliaceum viridi foliis latis brevibus, panicula capillacea, semine
albo. Cat. p. 35. Tab. 72. Fig. 3.
This is cited by Linnwus under Panicwm capillare.f The specimen is Panicum
trichoides Sw.
Gramen pratense panicula & foliis angustissimis, spicis brevibus muticis
locustis minimis. Cat. p. 35. Tab. 73. Fig. 1.
This is cited by Linneeus under Agrostis indica.g The specimen is Sporobolus
indicus (i.) R. Br.
Gramen avenaceum sylvaticum, foliis latissimis, locustis longis non aris-
tatis, glumis spadiceis. Cat. p. 35. Tab. 73. Fig. 2.
The specimen is Pharus latifolius L., and Sloane’s plate is cited by Linneeus under
this species,”
Gramen cyperoides polystachion, spicis ad nodos ex utriculis seu foliorum
alis echinatis prodeuntibus. Cat. p. 36.
This is cited by Linnwus under Panicum clandestinum.i The specimen is Hackel-
ochloa granularis (lu.) Kuntze ( Manisuris granularis Sw.).
aSp. Pl. ed. 2. 81. 1762.
6 Prod. 26, 1788.
eSp. PL. 59. 17538; ed. 2. 87. 1762.
d Prod. 24. 1788.
e Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855. 1759; Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 81. 1762.
JSp. Pl. 58. 1753; ed. 2. 86. 1762.
g Sp. Pl. 63.1753; ed. 2. 94, 1762.
h Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1269, 1759.
iSp. Pl, 68, 1753; ed. 2. 86. 1562.
WEST INDIAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY SWARTZ, 185
In addition to the grasses included in the above chapter, Sloane
described four others. Two are from Madeira (Tab. 2. Figs. 4, 5, 6).
The other two are described in an account of the plants of the island
of Nieves [Nevis].
Gramen dactylon bicorne tomentosum maximum, spicis numerosissimis.
Cat. pl. Jam. p. 33. Table 14 [the plate is numbered 15].
This is Andropogon bicorne L. The diagnosis is cited by Linnzeus under that
species.? In the second edition the plate is also cited.
Gramen avenaceum, panicula minus sparsa, glumis alba sericea lanugine
obductis. Cat. pl. Jam. p. 35. Tab. 1. Fig. 2.
This is cited by Linnzeus under Andropogon insulare.¢ It is Valota insularis (1..)
Chase (Panicum leucophaeum H. B. K.).
THE WEST INDIAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY SWARTZ.
Olof Swartz collected in the West Indies, especially Jamaica, from
1783 to 1787. His collections are preserved in the Natural History
Museum at Stockholm.’ [is first account of his West India plants
was published in 1788 in a small work entitled ‘‘Nova Genera et
Species Plantarum, seu Prodromus Descriptionum Vegetabilium
Maximam Partem Incognitorum quae sub Itinere in Indiam Occi-
dentalem annis 1783-87 Digessit Olof Swartz.’ This work contains
the diagnoses of most of his new species of grasses. A few more
appear later in his more comprehensive work entitled ‘‘Flora Indiae
Occidentalis.” © In the later work the descriptions are considerably
amplified and often aid in identifying his earlier diagnoses. A few
of his tvpes of grasses are missing from his herbarium, ‘but i in all cases
I have been able to identify the corresponding species from his
descriptions or from authentic specimens distributed by Swartz to
other herbaria, such as those of Munich and Madrid. In this
article the species accredited to Swartz and published by Wikstrém
in Adnotationes Botanicae (1829) have not been considered except
when these are based on American material.
Clyra pauciflora Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
The type specimen, labeled “Jamaica FI. ind. occ.,”’ belongs to this species as
generally understood.
Olyra paniculata Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
The type specimen is Olyra latifolia L. Swartz gives Linnzeus’s name as synonym.
Sacharum polystachyon Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
No specimen of this could be found, but it is without doubt the species as generally
understood; that is, Paspalum saccharoides Nees, as described in Martius’s Flora Bra-
aSp. PL. 1046, 1753,
bSp. Pl. ed. 2. 1482. 1762.
¢ Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1481. 1762.
d A few of the Swartz types, chiefly species of Paspalum, had been loaned to Prof.
Carl Mez, who kindly allowed me to examine them at his herbarium in Halle.
€Vol. 1, 1797; vol. 2, 1800; vol. 3, 1806.
136 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
siliensis.¢ Swartz’s specific name can not be taken up on account of Paspalum
polystachyum R. Br.
Leersia monandra Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
No specimens of Leersia could be found that were types or in any way authentic.
This species and the following are probably correctly understood. This species is
now called Homalocenchrus monandrus (Sw.) Kuntze.
Leersia hexandra Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
This is now Homalocenchrus hexandrus (Sw.) Kuntze.
Leersia oryzoides Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
This is based on Phalaris oryzoides L., now called Homalocenchrus oryzoides (L.)
Poll.
Paspalum conjugatum Berg.
This is included by Swartz in his Prodromus (page 21). No specimen of it was
found in the Stockholm herbarium, but there is at Madrid a specimen sent by Swartz
which belongs to this species as usually understood.
Paspalum vaginatum Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
There are two Swartz specimens, on one of which is the name in the handwriting
of Swartz, but both are said to have come from Mauritius. They show the characters
that distinguish this species, as described in Small’s Flora, from P. distichum L. The
spikes are widely spreading or deflexed, the sheaths inflated, the spikelets smooth,
the midnerve of the glume on the convex side suppressed. On one specimen the
spikelets are 2.5 mm. long, on the other they are 4 mm. long. No specimen from
Jamaica was found that appeared to be authentic. In the Copenhagen herbarium is
a specimen sent by Swartz to Vahl which is without locality but is labeled Paspalum
vaginatum. This has pubescent spikelets and corresponds to P. distichum.
Paspalum filiforme Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
No specimen of this could be found in the Swartz herbarium. At Munich there
are two sheets sent by Swartz labeled P. filiforme. One is Paspalum (Paspalus)
caespitosum Fliigge and the other is Syntherisma setosa (Desv.) Nash.c Neither of these
corresponds to the description of Swartz, which, as amplified in his Flora,@ is sufficient
to identify the species. It is the species described under this name in Grisebach’s
Flora, Fligge changed the name to Paspalus swartzianus because of his own Paspalus
filiformis (L.) Fliigge based on Panicum filiforme L.,¢ but Swartz’s name is valid,
Paspalum decumbens Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
There is a specimen in the Stockholm herbarium and also specimens in the herbaria
of Berlin and Delessert sent by Swartz. All are the species as generally understood.
This has been called Paspalum pedunculatum Poir.,f which name must be used on
account of Paspalum decumbens Rotth. 1778. Panicum decumbens Roem. & Schult.g
is based upon Swartz’s species. Fournier has referred this to his genus Dimorpho-
stachys,” but the presence of an outer glume is too variable a character to be used as the
basis for separating this group as a genus.
a 2°; 92. L877.
6 Prod. Fl. Nov. Hol. 188. 1810.
cSee Milium digitatum Sw., p. 142 below.
@ Fl. Ind. Oce. 1: 136. 1797.
¢ Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 96. 1810.
/Eneycl. Suppl. 4: 315. 1816.
g Syst. 2: 429. 1817.
h D. pedunculata (Poir.) Fourn, Mex. Pl. 2: 15. 1886.
WEST INDIAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY SWARTZ, 137
Paspalum dissectum Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 137. 1797.
Fliigge @ changes the name of this to Paspalus caespitosus on account of P. dissectum
L. (1759), which is a different species. The Swartz specimen is from Jamaica and is
marked P. dissectum Sw. and also P. caespitosum Fligge. It is P. caespitosum as
described in Grisebach’s Flora.
Panicum setosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
The specimen in the Stockholm herbarium is Chaetochloa setosa (Sw.) Seribn. as
described by Scribner and Merrill.2— It is also described by Grisebach¢ under Setaria
setosa Beauy.
Panicum pilosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
The type specimen is labeled ‘‘Jamaica, Swartz. fl. ind. occ.’ It belongs to the
species described under this name in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis. It differs from P.
laxum in the densely flowered, comparatively short panicle branches (2 to 3 cm. long)
and in the pilose rachis. Panicwm distichwim Lam.¢ is the same, as indicated by the
type specimen at Paris labeled by Lamarck ** Panicum distichum lam. dict.’’ Another
synonym is Panicum pilisparsum G. F.W. Mey.¢ Inthe Trinius herbarium there is a
specimen of this sent by Meyer, apparently a fragment from the type at Géttingen.
Panicum molle Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
The type specimen is labeled in the handwriting of Swartz ‘‘P. molle fl. ind. oce.’’
This specimen is not the species which has been generally described under this name,
but P. velutinosum Nees, fa South American species allied to P. fasciculatum Sw., and
not known to occur in the West Indies. The panicle is like that of Panicum reticulatum
Torr., while the spikelets are very much like those of Paniewm arizonicum Scribn. &
Merr. The spikelets are 3 mm. long, brown, sparsely reticulate-nerved, and finely
velvety-pubescent. The description in the Prodromus under P. molle is brief and
applies to this specimen, except that the branches of the panicle are said to be spread-
ing, while in the specimen they are erect-appressed. Swartz cites as a synonym
“Panicum 2. Brown. Jam. 133,’’ which is the plant commonly understood as Panicum
molle, that is, Panicum barbinode Trin. The locality is given by Swartz as ‘‘ India
occidentalis.” Swartz gives a more extended description in his Flora, where the
habitat is given as ‘‘in pascuis fertilioribus subhumidis Jamaicae.’’ We must decide
whether Swartz is describing the specimen he has preserved or whether he is describing
the forage plant of Jamaica, that is, the Browne plant. The description of the culm
applies to either except ‘‘inferne subdivisus” and ‘‘crassus,’’ which are not true of the
Swartz specimen but are true of P. barbinode, and ** pubescens,” which does not apply
to P. barbinode. The blades are said to be ‘‘ villosa, mollia,’’ which applies only to the
Swartz specimen. The spikes are described as ‘‘fuscis,’’ which applies to the Swartz
specimen and not to P. barbinode, on which the inflorescence is green or purple tinged.
Referring to glumes, ‘‘valvula exterior minuta” applies best to P. barbinode, as, in the
specimen, the first glume is half as long as the spikelet, and in P. barbinode only about
one-fourth as long. Second glume * pubescens” applies to the Swartz specimen; in
P. barbinode the spikelets are glabrous. The interior valve (palea) of the neutral
flower is said to be minute, but in both species it is well developed. The transversely
rugose fertile lemma common to both species is not mentioned. In a note Swartz
states that the species is distinguished by its soft pubescence and the thick, somewhat
succulent culm, for which latter feature it is much liked by cattle for fodder. He
«Mon. Pasp. 209. 1810.
6 N. A. Species Chaetochloa, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 21: 39. 1900.
¢ FI, Brit. W. Ind. 555, 1864.
@Encycl. 4: 731. 1797.
€ Prim. Fl. Esseq. 57. 1818.
J Agrost. Bras. 121. 1829.
138 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
further states that it is called in Jamaica Dutchgrass and is indigenous in Surinam.
Swartz probably thought his specimen to be the same as Browne’s plant, and, while he
described his own specimen, his description was modified by his knowledge of the
habit of the other species. Under these circumstances I think we should consider the
specimen in Swartz’s herbarium as the type of Panicum molle, which name should be
taken up for Panicum velutinosum Nees. A specimen in the Munich herbarium
labeled P. molle from Jamaica, sent by Swartz, is Panicum sloanei Griseb. or some
closely allied species. Iam not yet prepared to say whether or not Panicum numi-
dianum Lam. (1791) of Africa is the same as Panicum barbinode Trin. (1835) of Brazil.
They are made synonymous in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis. In the type of P. numi-
dianum the spikes are rather loosely flowered, the rachis lacks bristles, and the lower
glume is half as long as the spikelet. According to Hooker,@ this should be Panicum
muticum Forsk.
Panicum fasciculatum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
There are two forms upon the sheet, which is labeled ‘Jamaica, Swartz. P. fasci-
culatum. fl. ind. occ.’ The chief specimen (which I accept as the type) is a good
match for Maxon no. 1659, collected in Jamaica in 1903. The spike-like racemes are
slender and 6 to 8 cm. long, the axis and pedicels pilose with scattered long, white
hairs. The spikelets are 2 mm. long, strongly reticulated, glabrous, rather dark
brown in color. The right-hand specimen, also P. fasciculatum, has a more compact
panicle, with shorter spikes and spikelets about 2.5 mm. long.
Panicum chartaginense Sw. Prod. 22. 1788,
The specimen is marked ‘Panicum chartaginense Fl. Ind. Occ. Swartz.’’ It is
the same as to floral character as the right-hand specimen of P. fascieulatwm men-
tioned above, and has compact panicles with spikes about 2 em. long. The habit of
the plant is somewhat different. The culms are more or less prostrate-spreading,
the leaves short and crowded and more or less pubescent, especially the sheaths:
the panicles are somewhat included at the base; the spikelets are 2.5 mm. long. The
general appearance is that of Panicum reticulatum Torr. of Mexico. This form can be
recognized as a subspecies under the name of Panicum fasciculatum chartaginense
(Sw.) Doell.6 (Panicum chortaginense Sw.; P. reticulatum Torr.)
Panicum nemorosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
Tlie type specimen is marked by Swartz with the name and “fl, ind. oce.”’ It is
Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Doell.
Panicum acuminatum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type sheet is marked by Swartz “2. acuminatum fl. ind. occ, Jamaica.
Swartz.’’ The plants are all the autumnal state. This has recently been described
as Panicum comophyllum Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 80: 380. 1903.
Panicum rigens Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type specimen is marked ‘‘P. rigens fl. ind. occ. Jamaica. Swartz.’’? It is an
Isachne, and is the same as that described by Grisebach in his Flora of the British
West Indies under the name of J. rigens Trin. Grisebach’s plant collected by Mac-
fadyen in Jamaica, preserved in the herbarium of Grisebach at Gottingen, is the same.
Isachne rigens Trin. is based upon Panicum rigens Sw. and the name of our plant is
Isachne rigens (Sw.) Trin. Gram. Pan. 252. 1826, although the plant described here
and in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis appears to be Jsachne rigidifolia (Poir.) Urb. ( Ag-
rostis rigidifolia Poir. The type specimen of Agrostis vigidifolia Poir. was examined in
the herbarium at Florence. It has distichous, glabrous leaves, and rigid, spreading,
panicle branches quite different from those of Panicum rigens Sw. Sieber no. 265 from
Martinique is /. rigidifolia and is cited by Grisebach, indicating that he confused the
two species. Some of the plants sent by Swartz to other herbaria under the name of
a Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 34. 1896, bIn Mart. Fl. Bras. 27: 205. 1877.
WEST INDIAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY SWARTZ. 139
Panicum rigens are not the same as the plant in his own herbarium. The specimen at
Florence is J. rigidifolia. The specimen from the general herbarium at Stockholm,
which was seen by me at Halle, is Panicum acuminatum Sw. The specimen at Berlin
I think is the same as the original at Stockholm, though it has longer leaves, the blades
being 6 cm. or more long: but, as in the case of the other, the surface of the blades is
scabrous to the touch as described by Swartz. There are some points in Swartz’s
description which lead one to think that he had seen /sachne rigidifolia. He says,
in the more extended description in his Flora,@ ‘‘Gramen rigiditate peculiare.”’ But
in the original diagnosis in the Prodromus he states that the leaves are scabrous,
which applies to his specimen, but not to Isachne rigidifolia. Swartz’s type at
Stockholm is well matched by Fendler no. 1637 from Venezuela (U. S. National
Herbarium no. 822538).
Panicum fuscum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type specimen is marked “PP. fuscum Flor. ind. occ. Jamaica, Swartz.’’? The
panicles are small and compact like those of P. chartaginense Sw., and the spikelets
are like those of 7. fasciculatum Sw., but slightly larger. A good match for this is
Maxon no. 2361 from Jamaica. It should be considered a synonym of 2. fascicu-
latum.
Panicum laxum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type specimen is marked “ P. lavum fl. ind. oce. Jamaica. Swartz.’’ It belongs
to this species as usually described. Synonyms are: P. agrostidiforme Lam. 1791, type
at Paris marked ‘lam. ill. gen. ex D. Richard;” P. tenuiculmwm Meyer, 1818, portion
of type in the herbarium of Trinius at St. Petersburg marked ‘Prim. FI. Esseq.,”
sent by Meyer; P. diandrum Kunth, 1829, type in the Berlin herbarium, collected
in Guadaloupe by Balbis (the second specimen cited by Kunth, Rio Janeiro, col-
lected by Gaudichaud, is also in the Berlin herbarium); P. ramuliflorum Hochst.
in Steudel, Syn. Pl. Glum. 1854, type in the herbarium of Steudel at Paris. This
last specimen is also marked Agrostis nigrescens Salam. and is from Bahia. Steudel’s
cited specimen, Kappler Pl. Surin. no, 1523 is the same species (fide specimens seen
in various herbaria, such as those of Munich and Leipzig).
Panicum flavescens Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type specimen is marked ‘‘P, flavescens fl. ind. occ. Jamaica. Swartz.”’ It is
the same as P. fasciculatum, The panicle is somewhat more open, but the branches
of the panicle are slender, about 8 cm. long, resembling in this respect the specimen
of P. fascieulatum rather than that of P. fuscum, but nearly devoid of bristles. The
spikelets are brownish, strongly reticulated, slightly exceeding 2 mm. in length.
Panicum flavescens as described by Grisebach® and by Hooker ¢ is very different,
being a species of the section Ptychophyllum,
Panicum diffusum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
The type specimen is labeled ‘“‘diffusum fl. ind. occ.,
as generally understood.
”)
and belongs to that species
Panicum oryzoides Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
The type specimen labeled “2. oryzoides fl. ind. occ. Jamaica. Swartz.”’ is the same
as P. zizanioides H. B. K. (1815), which name must be used on account of Panieum
oryzoides Ard, Animad. Spec. Alt. 16. 1764,
Panicum pallens Sw. Prod. 25. 1758.
The type specimen marked ‘‘P, pallens fl. ind. occ.’
Munro,
is Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.)
a@Fl. Ind. Oce. 1: 154. 1797. ¢ Fl]. Brit. Ind. 7: 56. 1896.
bF]. Brit. W. Ind. 547. 1864.
35023—voL 12, pr 3—OS 3
140 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Panicum lanatum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788. ,
The type specimen marked °P. lanatum fl. ind. oce. Jamaica. Swartz,’’ is allied
to P. divaricatum L. and P. sloanet Griseb. The species is characterized by the
densely lanose-velvety sheaths and blades. On account of the earlier Pantewm
lanatum Rotth. Deser, PL. 3.1776 ( Valota insularis (L.) Chase), I suggest for Swartz’s
species the name Panicum swartzianum (Panicum lanatwm Sw., not Rottb.).
Panicum arundinaceum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
There are two plants upon the type sheet, which is marked ‘ Panicum arundina-
one with a large spreading panicle, the other with
’
ceum fl. ind. occ, Jamaica. Swartz,’
a narrow compact panicle. The description applies better to the first, although they
are both Jsachne arundinacea (Sw.) Griseb.
Panicum polygamum Sw, Prod. 24. 1788.
The type specimen marked * Prodr.”’ is Panicum maximum Jacq., an earlier name,
which Swartz himself uses in his Flora.¢
Panicum glutinosum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
The type specimen marked °° 2. glutinosum fl. ind. oce.”? from “Jamaica. Swartz,”’
belongs to this species as generally understood.
Panicum trichoides Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
There are two plants upon the type sheet, which is labeled “ trichoides fl, ind. oce.”’
from ‘Jamaica. Swartz.’’ The left-hand specimen is the form described as P. brevi-
folium in Grisebach’s Flora; the other is the same as the type of Panicum tricanthium Nees
in the Berlin Herbarium,examined at Halle. The leaf blades of the right-hand speci-
men are longer and the spikelets somewhat larger than in the left-hand one. Sloane's
plate? of Panicum brevifolium is cited by Swartz. Itis evident from the more complete
description given later in his Flora that Swartz considered his species the same as /’.
brevifolium L. and variable enough to include both the plants preserved, but wished
to change the name. The type of P. brevifolium L. is from India. The species is
shown by description and the specimen in the Linnzean herbarium to be P. ovalifolinm
as described in Hooker’s Flora of British India. Hence we may consider P. trichoides
Sw. as applying to the Tropical American species usually described as P. brevifolium
L. (P. ecapillaceum Lam, Tabl. Encyel. 1: 173. 1791), the left-hand plant being taken
as the type, and adopt Panicum trichanthum Nees for the larger form.
Panicum caespitosum Sw. I*l. Ind. Occ. 1: 140. 1797.
The type specimen marked “ 7’, caespitosum fl, ind, occ.’ from “Jamaica. Swartz”
is Panicum prostratum Lam., but, as shown previously (page 119), we should use the
name Panicum reptans L. for this species. The Mexican plant which has been dis-
tributed under the name 2. caespitosum in recent collections is a different species. ¢
@Fl, Ind. Oce. 1: 170. 1797.
bHist. Jam. pl. 72. f. 8.
¢ This was brought to my attention by Professor Mez, of Halle, for whom I propose
to name this species:
BRACHIARIA MEZIANA sp. nov.
Perennial; culms cespitose, glabrous, at first erect, 20 to 30 em, high; later branched
and decumbent becoming as much as 70 cm. long; leaves light green, sheaths densely
ciliate on the margin, sometimes sparsely pilose on the surface, blades 5 to 12 em. long,
5 to 10 mm. wide, moderately stiff and firm, glabrous or sparsely pilose on either sur-
face, ciliate on the margin near the base with papillose hairs; early panicles long-
exserted, later ones less so or scarcely exserted, consisting of several spike-like racemes
2 to 3 cm. long, along the upper 2 to 3 em, of the culm; spikelets placed with the
first glume toward the axis, arranged in 2 rows on one side of a somewhat flattened
narrow rachis interspersed with pilose hairs, nearly sessile, glabrous, 3 mm. long,
ovate, subacute; first glume ovate, 3-nerved, | mm. long, second glume as long as
WEST INDIAN GRASSES DESCRIBED BY SWARTZ. 141
Panicum hirsutum Sw. I'l. Ind. Occ. 1: 173. 1797.
The type specimen from “Jamaica, Swartz’’ is, as described by Swartz, a robust
plant with appressed-hirsute sheaths and a large, somewhat compact panicle about
20 cm. long, with glabrous acute spikelets about 2 mm. long. Pringle no, 5573 from
Mexico is the same.
Panicum kalmii Sw. Adnot. Bot. 6. 1829,
The type specimen, from Kalm marked 9. kali and also P. heterophyllum, is Pani-
cum sphaerocarpon Ell.¢
Panicum compactum Sw. Adnot. Bot. 14. 1829.
The type specimen is from Jamaica, snd belongs to this species as described by
Grisebach.® Grisebach describes this as a new species “Sw. Herb.,’’ overlooking
the description by Wikstrém in the Adnotationes cited above, There is an earlier
P. compactum Wit.,¢ but this is mentioned as a synonym under Panicum germanicum
and hence, not being actually published, is not a valid name. Ido not find that
Kitaibel’s name was taken up before the publication of P. compactum Swartz.
Milium compressum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
No specimen of this could be found, but the excellent description of Swartz in his
Florad leaves no room for doubt. It is the common pasture grass of the West Indies
called Paspalum compressum Rasp. and Anastrophus compressus Schlecht. The char-
acters of the species and its allies seem sufficiently distinct from Paspalum to warrant
the segregation of the group as a genus. Schlechtendahl suggested for it the name
Anastrophus. Axonopus Beauv. has been rejected by some authors on account of the
dubious characters assigned to it; and has been accepted by others for diverse groups,
usually centered around Panicum cimicinum Retz. Beauvoisé assigns four species to
this new genus, none of which he figures: Milium compressum, M. digitatum, M. cimi-
cinum, M. paniceum, Inanote he mentions another species, Aronopus aureus, which he
characterizes very briefly, and which he says seems to him asif it ought to belong to that
genus. He complicates matters somewhat by placing the mark of doubt in the index
after all the species of this genus except A. aureus. The type of the genus must be
spikelet, convex, prominently 5-nerved, sterile Jemma as long as s spikelet, flat « on
back, prominently 5-nerved, the first pair of nerves forming the angle of the incurved
edges, the second pair of nerves near the margin, sterile floret with three stamens and
a well-developed palea as long as the lemma, fertile lemma and palea minutely rough-
ened but not rugose, the former bearing a prominent apiculation about 0.5 mm, long,
Low moist places on the plains of Mexico,
Specimens examined:
Pringle 9592, Federal District, Cerro de Guadaloupe, altitude 2,770 meters, August
19, 1901; Palmer 533, 254; Conzatti & Gonzales 348; Bourgeau 222,439; Nelson
in 1893; Pringle 375.
Besides these specimens which are in the National Herbarium | have examined the
following cited by Fournier under P. caespitosum (Mex. Pl. 2: 18. 1886): Bourgeau 679,
Berlandier 575, 795, Lichmann 382, Schaffner 190, 317, Virlet 1309,
The type specimen is no, 156925 of the U. 8, National Herbarium (Pringle’s 9592).
The genus Brachiaria was established by Grisebach (in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 4: 469.
1853) with a single species, B. erucaeformis (Sibth.) Griseb., which is the type,
Brachiaria differs from Panicum chiefly in having spikelets so placed that the fertile
floret stands with its palea toward the axis, i. e., with the first glume toward the
axis. The spikelets are subsessile in one-sided racemes, these racemose on an clon-
gated axis,
a4 Bot. 8. C. & Ga. 1: 125. 1816. @¥]. Ind. Oce, 1: 183. 1797
bFI. Brit. W. Ind. 552. 1864. é Agrost. 12. 1812.
¢In Schultes, Oester. Fl. ed. 2.1: 212. 1814,
142 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
either Milium compressum Sw. or Axonopus aureus Beauv. I believe the former
should be taken as the type, though [ think the two species are congeneric. Swartz
species then should be known as Avonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv.
Milium paniceum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
The type specimen is Syntherisma jiliformis (1..) Nash (Panicum filiforme L.).
Milium digitatum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
The type specimen is Syntherisma setosa (Desv.) Nash as described in Nash’s review
of Syntherisma.¢ The long-exserted peduncles bear 2 to 4 slender spikes, with narrow
rachis, It is well matched by Heller no, 4898 from Porto Rico and Wright no. 764
from Cuba. The spikelets are narrow, slightly exceeding 2 mm. in length. Swartz’s
name is earlier than the other names for this, hence the species becomes Syntherisma
digitata (Sw.).
Milium villosum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
The type specimen is Valota insularis (1..) Chase (Andropogon tnsilare L.; Panicum
leucophacum H. B. K.).
Agrostis purpurascens Sw. Prod. 25, 1788.
The type specimen is Sporobolus purpurascens (Sw.) Hamilt., as described in Grise-
bach’s Flora.
Manisuris granularis Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
This is based on Cenchrus granularis 1. The specimen belongs to this species,
i.e., Hackelochloa granilaris (.) Kuntze.
Manisuris myuros I..
The specimen is a Rottboellia from the East Indies. Swartz gives no locality in the
Prodromus.
Chloris cruciata Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
This is based on Agrostis cruciata LL. The specimen belongs to this species.
g } g
Chloris ciliata Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
The type specimen belongs to this species as generally understood. It is well
matched by Curtiss no, 600 from Cuba.
Chloris petraea Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
The type specimen belongs to this species as generally understood, and as described
in Grisebach’s Flora. Doell® changes the name of this to C. swartziana on account of
C. petraea Thunb., which, however, is a later name.
Chloris polydactyla Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
This is based on Andropogon polydactylon L. The specimen belongs to that species.
Chloris radiata Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
This is based on Agrostis radiata L. The specimen belongs to that species.
Chloris barbata Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 200, 1797.
This is based on Andropogon barbatum LL. Mant. 2: 302. 1771
No specimen of this could be found in the Swartz herbarium.
Chloris virgata Sw. Il. Ind. Occ, 1: 203. 1797.
There is no specimen of this. A cover was found marked with the name, but con-
taining nothing, and upon which some one has added an ‘‘0."’ From the description
it would appear to be the species represented by plate 18 in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis,
vol. 2, part 3. Grisebach includes it under C. radiata in his Flora, but from this
species it is excluded by the statement in Swartz’s diagnosis ‘corollina exteriore
gibbosa, dorso apiceque ciliata.”
«The genus Syntherisma in North America, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 300, 1898.
bIn Mart. Fl. Bras. 2°: 68. 1877.
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA. 148
Andropogon saccharoides Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
There is no specimen of this from Swartz at Stockholm, but at Munich there is a
specimen sent by Swartz and marked “prodr.’’ It belongs to the species described
under this name in Grisebach’s Flora.
Andropogon fastigiatum Sw. Prod. 26, 1788.
The type specimen from “Jamaica, Swartz” belongs to this species, as described
in Grisebach’s Flora.
Andropogon brevifolium Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
There is no specimen of this at Stockholm from Swartz, but at Munich there is a
sheet of specimens from Jamaica sent by Swartz and marked ‘‘prodr,”? This is partly
A. brevifolium as generally understood and as described by Swartz, and partly A.
leucostachys H. B. K. In the absence of other evidence we may consider the Munich
specimen as the type, excluding the portion which is A. leucostachys.
Cenchrus setosus Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
The type specimen marked “fl. ind. oce.”” is Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich. as
described in Grisebach’s Flora. Leeke refers this to Pennisetum indicum (Murr.)
Kuntze.@
Poa glutinosa Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
The type specimen from Swartz in herbarium Casstrém at Stockholm, marked
“e Jamaica” is Eragrostis glutinosa (Sw.) Trin., E. sudans Grisch.
Poa prolifera Sw. Prod. 27. 1788.
Swartz’s type of this is not in his herbarium, but there is a specimen marked ‘‘ No.
17 Poa prolifera Sw. Carthagena Ins. Manzanillo, Febr. 1826 Billberg” which may
be a compared specimen, as it is in the Swartz herbarium. It is Hragrostis prolifera
(Sw.) Steud. as described in Grisebach’s Flora, This is the same as Sloane’s specimen
mentioned under Gramini tremulo affine, etc., and illustrated in his plate 71, figure 1.
THE GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA.
The plants collected by Andreas Michaux in North America in the
latter part of the eighteenth century, which form the basis of his
Flora Boreali-Americana published in 1803, are deposited in the
herbarium of the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle at Paris.
The species are here considered in the same sequence in which they
occur in Michaux’s work. Following the name of the species as
published is the habitat as given upon the label accompanying the
corresponding specimen in the herbarium. The herbarium contains
the types of all except Dilepyrum aristosum Michx., Poa crocata
Michx., and Poa pectinacea Michx, Richard distributed some of
Michaux’s plants to other herbaria. Many of these duplicates are
found in the herbarium of Drake de Castillo at Paris. As will be
seen from the notes accompanying certain species in the following
list, it has not always been easy to determine which is the type
specimen, especially in the critical species of Panicum, In certain
cases the plant differs slightly from the description, or is from some
other locality than the one cited. These cases are considered upon
their merits in the notes accompanying each species.
« Zeitschr. Naturwiss. 79: 17. 1907.
144 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cinna arundinacea I..
There is a specimen of C. latifolia (Trev.) Griseb., which is the plant described, and
a panicle of C. arundinacea L. One label, which probably applies to the first speci-
men, reads: ‘A Sinu Hudsonis ad Pensylvaniam pracsertim in borealibus Canada
juxta lacus.”’ A second label, which probably goes with the panicle, reads: “Cinna
de Linneus. Cinna envoyé par Linn. a Jussieu qui lui avait eté apporté de Canada
par Kalm.’’
Anthoxanthum odoratum I..
“Tn Pensylvania.’’ The specimen belongs to this species.
Leersia oryzoides Sw.
“In excelsis montibus Carolina.’’ The specimen belongs to this species. In
another cover is a sheet of L. virginica which is labeled L. oryzotdes, but without
locality. It is to be noted that Michaux gives /. virginica asa synonym of L. oryzoides.
By priority of Homalocenchrus Mieg. the name becomes H. oryzoides (L.) Poll.
Leersia lenticularis Michx.¢
“Tn paludosis regionis Hlinoensibus [sign for annual].”’
The specimen ® belongs to this species, 1. e., Homalocenchrus lenticularis (Michx.)
Scribn.
Dilepyrum aristosum Michx.
No specimen of this could be found. Tt is, according to deseription and tradition,
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Beauv. and is the type of the form known as B.
aristatum Roem. & Schult. and Muhlenbergia aristata Pers., though the specific name
is altered.
Dile m minutiflorum Michx.
P
“In apricis, pratis Kentucky, Ilinoensium pabulum praecstantissimum in Ken-
tucky.”?. The specimen is Muhlenbergia schrebert Gmel. 1791 (Mf. diffusa Willd. 1797).
Aristida dichotoma Michx.
“Tn Carolina septentrionali juxta Lincoln.’? The specimen belongs to this species
as described in our manuals. Lower glume 5 to 6 mm., upper glume 6 to 7 mm. long,
slightly scabrous on keel and sides, the midnerve extended intoa very short awn 0.3 mm.
long; lemma sparsely appressed-pubescent, 3-nerved, 5 mm, long to base of awns;
central awn 4mm. long, curved at base to form a half coil, lateral awns erect, | mm.
long.
Aristida stricta Michx.
“Tn Carolina [sign for perennial].’”’ The specimen belongs to this species as de-
scribed in our manuals. Glumes glabrous, 1-nerved or the lower obscurely 3-nerved
at base, the lower 9 mm., the upper 11 mm. long, each extended into an awn about
2 mm. long; lemma glabrous or somewhat hispid below the awns, about 8 mm. long;
awns about equal, spreading, 1.5 to 2 cm. long.
Aristida oligantha Michx.
“Tn apricis pratensibus regionis Illinoensium. Route des Illinois au fort Mossac
lieux alternativement submergés.’’ The specimen belongs to this species as described
in our manuals. A scant specimen with afew spikelets. Lemma 1.5 cm. long; awns
spreading, about 3.5 cm. long, nearly equal, all of them more or less curved or loosely
coiled at base. On the same sheet is mounted a specimen of Sporobolus, apparently
S. vaginaeflorus (Torr.) Wood.
@All the species credited to Michaux were published as new species in his Flora
Boreali-Americana, 1803, It is well known that this work was edited by L. C. Richard,
for which reason many authors credit the new species to “ Richard in Michaux.’
bThespecimens mentioned under the new speciesare types unless otherwise indicated.
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA. 145
Trichodium laxiflorum Michx. .
“Cornucopiae hyemalis Walt. Hab. in pratensibus apricis a Canada ad Floridam
[sign for male].’’ The specimen is Agrostis hiemalis (Walt.) B.S. P.
Trichodium decumbens Michx.
“Hab. in Carolina pracsertim in umbrosis ripariis amnium. Trichod. (certissime)
majus Cornucopiae perennans Walt.’ The specimen is Agrostis perennans (Walt. )
Tuckerm.
Alopecurus aristulatus Michx.
No specimen labeled with this name could be found, but there is a very poor speci-
men of an Alopecurus from which the spikelets have fallen, leaving the axis of the
spike, and this is labeled “ Alopecurus breviaristatus Hab. in Canada ad ripas Lacus
Champlain legi {sign for perennial]."’ As Michaux’s description states that the plant
has an erect culm and scarcely exserted awns, there is no doubt that the species is
Alopecurus aristulatus, as usually understood.
Phalaris arundinacea I.
The specimen belongs to this species.
Phalaris villosa Michx.
“Tn Sabulosis Carolinae.’
as usually understood.
’ The specimen is Anthaenantia villosa (Michx.) Beauv,
Paspalum setaceum Michx.
“Tn aridis apricis Carolina, Georgia [sign for perennial].”” Terminal spike single,
slightly curved; spikelets glabrous, 1.5 mm. long; blades pubescent. It belongs to
the species described under this name in Small’s Flora. .
Paspalum debile Michx.
“Hab. in Carolina [sign for perennial].’? Blades densely woolly on both sides,
about 10 em. long and 6 mm. wide; spike single, the culm smooth below the spike;
spikelets 1.5 mm. long, pubescent. This is Paspalum villosissimum Nash,@ which
name should give way to that of Michaux. /. debile of Elliott’s herbarium is P.
blepharophyllum Nash (2. debile Michx.; Ell. Bot. 8. C. & Ga. 1: 105, 1816.)
Paspalum ciliatifolium Michx.
“In Carolina, Georgia.’ There are three specimens on the sheet. One without
spikelets may be eliminated from consideration, also one with pubescent spikelets,
since the description states that the spikelets are glabrous. The third specimen has
ciliate blades, these somewhat hispid above, more so below, upper sheath ciliate on
the margin; spikes 2; spikelets glabrous, 2mm. long. This specimen, which I con-
sider the type, is in poor condition, but appears to belong to the species described
under this name in Small’s Flora.
Paspalum praecox Walt.
“A Carolina ad Floridam.’’ The specimen belongs to the species as described in
Small’s Flora.
Paspalum laeve Michx.
“In Georgia.’”’? The specimen, consisting of a single culm with three short spikes
and smooth foliage, belongs to this species, as described in Small’s Flora,
146 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
appears ‘to be described in Small’s Flora as 2. altissimum Le Conte. P. floridanum
as described in Small’s Flora is a taller plant, with hirsute sheaths and longer spikes.
It may be that these should be considered extreme forms of one species.
Paspalum plicatulum Michx.
“In Georgia, Florida.’’ The specimen belongs to the species commonly so called,
Digitaria sanguinalis [Scop.]
“A Pensylvania ad Caroliniam [sign for annual]. Syntherisma precox Walt.’
This is Syntherisma sanguinalis (L.) Dulac. (Panicum sanguinale L.) Michaux
cites no authority for his combination. It is to be noted that in his Flora he states
under habitat: “in cultis [sign for annual]: in Florida maritima [sign for perennial].’’
Digitaria pilosa Michx.
“In sabulosis Carolina, Georgia [sign for perennial].”” This plant corresponds to
the description, and the habitat is similar to that given in the book. The plant is
Syntherisma filiformis (L.) Nash. (Panicum filiforme 1.) A second sheet is referred
to below under Digitaria serotina.
Digitaria paspalodes Michx.
“In pascuis aridis Carolinae.”’ The specimen is Paspalum distichum 1. The
spikelets are pubescent.
Scribner,@ misunderstanding this species, transferred the name. to Paspalum as 2.
paspaloides (Michx.) Scribn., giving P. elliottii 8. Wats. (which is Paspalus furcatus
Fligge) as synonym. Nash > with the same conception of the species transferred the
name to Anastrophus as A. paspaloides (Michx.) Nash, but described P. furcatus
Fliigge under it. P. furcatus Fliigge becomes Avonopus furcalus (Fliigge) Hitehe. ¢
Digitaria serotina Michx.
There is no sheet thus labeled, but the plant evidently referred to here is in the
herbarium accompanied by a label ‘ Digitaria pilosa. Hab. in Carolina, Georgia.
Syntherisma serotina Walt.’’ (Compare note under D. pilosa.) This specimen
belongs to the species described in Small’s Flora as Syntherisma serotina,
Panicum glaucum L.
Michaux appends to his description the sign for an annual, but all the specimens
in his herbarium are Chaetochloa imberbis (Poir.) Seribn., a perennial species common
in the Southern States.
Panicum crus galli LL.
“Ad ripas rivorum Virginiae, Carolinae.”’ This is the tall form with somewhat
hirsute sheaths and long awns, now called ** Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Nash.’
Panicum muricatum Michx.
“Lac, Champlain.” This specimen which is the type is Hehinochloa crus-galli (1..)
Beauv. A second specimen of the same is labeled, “in Canada, Connecticut [sign for
annual].”? Both have rather short awns, and small panicles like the introduced form.
Michaux distinguished this from the last, but applied Linnieus’s name to the wrong
species. Michaux’s specimen is also the type of Panicum pungens Poir.d
Panicum hirtellum I..
“In umbrosis sylvarum a Carolina maritima ad Floridam.’’ The specimen. is
Oplismenus setarius (Lam.) Roem, & Schult. as described in Small’s Flora.
Panicum molle Michx.
“In sabulosis maritimis Mlorida.’’ A second label, with diagnosis, reads ‘* Lieux
tres humides a 15 miles de St. Augustin.’”” The specimen is Eriochloa mollis (Michx.)
@ Mem. Torr, Club 5: 29. 1894. © Rhodora 8: 205. 1906.
6 In Britton, Man. 75. 1901. @ Eneycl. Suppl. 4: 273. 1816,
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA. 147
Kunth as described in Small’s Flora. There is only a panicle, but the pilose rachis
is characteristic. According to the American code Lriochloa mollis is not a valid name.
It must therefore be changed to Eriochloa michauxii (Roem. & Schult.). (Panicum
michauxti Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 427. 1817; P. molle Michx., not Sw.,
1788). I do not find sufficient evidence for taking up the name Monachne@ for this
genus, accepted by Nash.” Monachne is based on AM. unilateralis Beauv. and Sac-
charumreptans Lam. The former species has no description and can not be identified
from the plate, though it is evidently some species of Eriochloa, The latter does not
belong to the genus Eriochloa.
Panicum capillare L..
“A Pensylvania ad Carolinam,’’ This is similar to the Linnean plant, that is, the
large erect form with broad leaves, as commonly understood,
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.
This is the species which in the United States has been going under the name of
Panicum proliferum Lam. An examination of the latter plant in Lamarck’s herbarium
shows that it has been misunderstood. It is Panicum miliare of Asia. In the original
description ¢ the author states that the plant was cultivated in the jardin du Muséum
and that its native country was unknown, although he ventured the guess that it
might be from Virginia or some other part of North America. He also mentions seeing
specimens of this in Vaillant’s herbarium. The plant in Vaillant’s herbarium is the
same. This species was distributed in several of the larger herbaria under the name
of Panicum proliferum. Pursh took up this name for our plant and has been followed
by later authors. Michaux’s name appears to be the oldest for this. The type of
P. dichotomiflorum is in the herbarium of Drake de Castillo. It was sent by Richard,
having been collected by Michaux ” the type
oe
ad occidentem montium Alleganis,”’
locality as published. The specimen (a very poor one) in the Michaux herbarium
is labeled, ‘-in regione I]lineensium.’’
Panicum virgatum L,
“A Pensylvyania ad Georgiam ad ripas fluviorum, copiose in occidentalibus regioni-
bus [sign for perennial].’’ A second label reads, ** Pres le Debarquement du vieux
* * * Sur Coper River, Carolina, * * * Rare en basse Carolina.’ The speci-
men belongs to this species.
Panicum anceps Michx.
“Tn herbosis humidis Carolina, Virginiae, Georgiae [sign for perennial]. Mété avec
le P. melicarium.”’ The same as Panicum rostratum Muhl., a later name.
Panicum scoparium Lam.
‘In pratis sylvestris Carolina [sign for perennial].”° The specimen belongs to this
species—that is, Panicum viscidum Ell. (1816) and is identical with Lamarck’s
type, which was received from Michaux.
Panicum latifolium I..
“In pratis sylvestris Virginiae, Carolinae, [sign for perenmial|.”’ A) somewhat
pubescent autumnal state of Panicum bosedi Poir. (Panicum portertianum Nash,
as described in recent manuals).
Panicum pubescens Iam,
“Tn pratis sylvestris Carolinae [sign for perennial].’” The autumnal state of Pani-
cumscoparium Lam. This was not found in the herbarium of Lamarck, who states that
he saw the plant collected by Michaux in South Carolina. In the Drake de Castillo
herbarium is a sheet of specimens from Michaux sent by Richard. The left-hand spec-
@ Beauv. Agrost. 49. 1812.
6 Bull. Torr. Club 80: 374. 1903.
¢ Lam. Eneyel. 4: 747. 1796.
148 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
imen is Panicum lanuginosum Ell. The other specimen is the same as the specimen of
P. pubescens in the Michaux herbarium. Lamarck mentions having seen a dwart speci-
men of this species in the herbarium of Vaillant, who received it from Sherard in 1721.
This specimen is in the general herbarium of the Paris Museum. I was not able to
identify this, but it is apparently different from any of our North American species.
Although this Sherard specimen is the first mentioned, I do not think it should be taken
as the type, as Lamarck was evidently describing Michaux’s plant, though the descrip-
tion is modified by the Sherard plant, e. g., “La tige qui quelquefois n’a guére plus
de six pouces de hauteur [the Sherard plant], s’éléve d'autres fois & la hauteur d’un
pied ou un peu plus.’”’ It is scarcely surprising that the vernal and autumnal states
of Panicum seoparium should be described as different species.
Panicum nitidum Lam.
“In Pensylvania, Carolina.’’ The specimen lacks spikelets, but is evidently
Panicum angustifolium Ell. or one of the closely allied species such as P. arenicoloides
Ashe. It is the vernal state, somewhat pubescent on lowermost. portions, otherwise
glabrous.
Panicum nitidum Lam. was first described in 1791.4 The description is very meager
and would not serve to identify the species. Only the panicle is described. The
plant was collected by Fraser. A somewhat more extended description is given by
Lamarck in the Encyclopedia,® but is only an amplification of the original with the
addition of leaf characters. We are told, for example, that the stem is jointed and
provided with leaves. The type specimen in the Lamarck herbarium consists of a
panicle and the uppermost joint of the culm with its leaf. The blade is reflexed,
and the node shows sparse reflexed hairs. It is Panicum barbulatum Ell., not Michx.
(P. subbarbulatum Scribn. & Merrill). The panicle is purplish. The most important
character given by Lamarck in his second description is the pubescence at juncture
of the blade and sheath. The label on this plant is “de la Caroline[.] Fraser.’ This
is evidently the type specimen. In the herbarium of Drake de Castillo there is a shect
obtained from Richard marked ‘Herb. Michaux from Pennsylvania’? which is
Panicum tenue Muhl. and probably is the specimen referred to by Lamarcke as
a small-flowered variety collected by Michaux in Pennsylvania. Panicum tenne is
not known to occur in Pennsylvania, and the location is probably an error. It will be
noted that the published locality for P. nitidum is “ Pennsylvania et Carolina,’’ which
accords with Michaux’s label. Richard in sending out the plant may have shortened
the locality to * Pennsylvania.’’ Panicum tenue Muhl. occurs from southern Virginia
southward, Scribner and Merrill @ have discussed Panicum nitidum Lam, and identi-
fied it with P. spretum Schult. (P. eatoni Nash and P. paucipilum Nash.). The figure
was taken from the plant in the Michaux herbarium, which, as stated above, is P.
angustifolium Ell. The name P. ntidum Lam. must be used for what has been called
P. subbarbulatum Scribn. & Merrill, while the plant described by Scribner and Mer-
rill as P. nitidum must be called P. spretum Schult.
Panicum barbulatum Michx.
There are three specimens and two labels upon this sheet. The label upon which
the name is written prominently at the top has “Hab. in Canada P. capillari affine ad
nipasamnis: Rivierre a Jacques Cartier dicti legi.’ The other has “ Rivierre a Jacques
Cartier Route a Queb. P. barbulatum.’? The twe larger plants are the vernal state of
P. gravius Witche. & Chase. There is also a small specimen of P.lindheimeri Nash.
In the Drake de Castillo herbarium is a specimen from Michaux sent out by Richard
which is labeled P. barbulatum, *Caroline.”’ This is Panicum ashei Pearson. There
@7Tabl. Eneyel. 1: 172. eKneyel, 4: 748. 1797.
54: 748, 1797. @U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 31. 1900,
| Va {a
ja
int
ad
. GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA, 149
is also on this sheet a small specimen of P. lindhetmeri Nash. There are two other
sheets from the same source, but without locality. One is P. verrucosum Muhl. The
other appears to be P. gravius Hitchc. & Chase, though it may be P. dichotomum. In
determining which plant shall be taken as the type it is to be noted that the locality
given in the description is ‘‘Carolina.’’ The only specimen having this locality upon
the label is the one in the herbarium of Drake de Castillo, which is P. ashet. The
description, however, mentions that the nodes are barbed, which applies to P. gravius,
the plant in the Michaux herbarium, and to none of the others concerned. The speci-
men in the Michaux herbarium (excluding the small plant P. lindheimert) has there-
fore been taken as the type, although it does not come from Carolina. Michaux evi-
dently confused several species, but we must surely apply the name to a species with
barbed nodes. The type is not what has been called P. barbulatum in all recent botan-
ical works. This latter species has a smaller spikelet (1.5 mm. long), while P. gravius
has spikelets 2mm. long. The plant commonly called P. barbulatum must take the
name P. microcarpon Muhl.; Ell. Bot. S.C. & Ga. 1816 (not Mubhl. Gram. 1817, which
is P. polyanthes Schult.).
Panicum ramulosum Michx.
“Tn pratis, cespitosis Carolinae.’’ A poor specimen without spikelets, but certainly
of the angustifolium group, apparently P. angustifolium Ell. This name antedates
any of those applied to P. angustifolium and its allies, but on account of the fragmentary
condition of the specimen it would not be wise to take it up. There is nothing
in the description which will identify the plant any more certainly. In the herbarium
of Drake de Castillo are two specimens from Michaux sent by Richard under this name.
One is P. dichotomum L., the other is P. lindheimert Nash. There is also a specimen
of the latter species in the Berlin herbarium sent by Richard under the name of
P, ramulosum.
Panicum melicarium Michx.
“Yn Carolina ad ripas rivorum affluviente mari inundatus [sign for perennial ].”’
The specimen is not a Panicum at all, but Panicularia elongata (Torr.) Kuntze. The
species has been much misunderstood and was rendered doubtful by the character
mentioned in the description of a sterile rudiment of a second flower, a character not
found in the genus Panicum. The spikelets of the specimen are past maturity and
consist of empty glumes or with the lowermost florets still attached. This floret
bears behind it the joint of the rachilla leading to the second floret, thus explaining
the character mentioned by Michaux. This species becomes Panicularia melicaria
(Michx.)
Panicum divaricatum Michx.
“Tn cespitosis excelsarum montium Carolinae Septentrionalis {sign for perennial ].”’
This is Festuca obtusa Spreng. (Ff. nutans Spreng.). Michaux doubted that this
was referable to Panicum. The spikelets are past maturity and like the preceding
species consist of empty glumes or with the addition of the lowermost floret, which
bears, of course, the joint of the rachilla. Michaux describes the spikelet as being
2-flowered, the second flower being a sterile pedicel. This species is of course quite
different from Panicum divaricatum L.
Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx.
“In praeruptis et saxosis per tractus montium a sinu Hudsonis ad Canadam |sign
for perennial].’’ The specimen belongs to the species described under this name in
Gray’s Manual.
Agrostis indica ‘‘Sw. obs.”’
“A Virginia maritima ad Floridam [sign for perennial].’’ The specimen is Spo-
g1 Pp i
robolus indicus (L.) R. Br.
150 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Agrostis juncea Michx.
“In aridis Carolinae.”? The specimen is Sporobolus junceus (Michx.) Kunth, as
usually understood,
Since Michaux’s name is untenable on account of Agrostis juncea Lam. 1783, this
species should be called Sporobolus gracilis (Trin.) Merrill, Rhodora 4: 48. 1902
(Vilfa gracilis Trin.). T have examined the type in the Trinius herbarium at St.
Petersburg, labeled ** Zimmermann imisit Carolina [836.’’
Agrostis dispar Michx.
“Tn Carolina inferiore.
a)
The specimen is -lyrostis alba 1.
Agrostis aspera Michx.
“THinois.”” The specimen is Sporobolus longifolius (Torr.) Wood, and not the
species to which the name Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth has been applied in
recent manuals. The latter grass has an acuminate lemma and long-acuminate palea,
while Michaux’s description states that the flowers are muticous.
Apparently the earliest name for the plant which has been going under the name of
Sporobolus asper is Agrostis clandestina Spreng. Mant. Prim. Fl. Hal. 32. 1807, which
becomes Sporobolus clandestinus (Spreng.). Sprengel’s type has not been ex-
amined, but the description leaves scarcely room for doubt. The plant is described
as erect, and, what is particularly to the point, as having long-acuminate ‘corolla
glumes.”’ The plant was received from Muhlenberg, who also describes it in his
Descriptio Graminum. Both Muhlenberg and Torrey distinguished between this
and Agrostis involuta Muhl. (A. aspera Michx.; A. longifolia Torr.) using among
other characters the shape of the lemma and. palea, acuminate or awned in the first
and obtuse in the second.
Agrostis lateriflora Michx.
“In praecipitibus saxosis fluminis Misissipi ripariis Hlinoensibus [sign for peren-
nialj.”’ The specimen is Muhlenbergia mevicana (1..) Trin. The panicles are rather
dense, somewhat branched, and more or less included in the sheaths at base.
Agrostis racemosa Michx.
“In ripis sabulosis inundatis fluminis Misissipi [sign for perennial], Affinis A.
lateriflora.”” The specimen is Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) B.S. P. Glumes
awned, longer than the acuminate lemma; panicle dense, more or less interrupted or
lobed.
Stipa barbata Michx.
“In sylvis Virginiae Carolinae [sign for perennial].’’ The specimen is Stipa avenacea
L. On this sheet is also a label which doubtless goes with the next, “Stipa sericea.
Hab. in Carolina, Georgia maritima.”
Stipa sericea Michx.
The specimen is Mihlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin., as described in Small’s Flora.
Many of thesheets in Michaux’sherbarium bear two labels, one with name and locality,
the other with a diagnosis, and usually also the name written upon it somewhere as if
added later. The sheet of Stipa sericea bears a label with diagnosis and name, but the
other label seems to have been transferred to the sheet of 8. barbata, mentioned above.
Stipa juncea Michx.
There is no specimen with this label, but among the Avenas is a sheet marked
“Montagnes steril. a la hauteurs du Terres,’ which without doubtisthetype. It bears
the name Avena uniflora with the word jincea written above, and in the manuscript
diagnosis it is compared with Avena siberica L.,as is the case in the published description
of Stipa juncea, ThespecimenisStipamacountiSeribn. The description merely states
that the flower is aristate, but the diagnosis upon the sheet states that the awn is three
times as long as flower. Michaux’s name can not be used on account of the earlier
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA. 151
S. juncea 1,., for which reason it was changed by Poiret to 8. canadensis.¢ Wence this
species should be called Stipa canadensis Poir. (Stipa macounii Scribn. in Macoun,
Cat. Can. Pl. 5: 390. 1890.) The species of Britton’s Manual described as Oryzopsis
juncea (Michx.) B.S. P. should be called Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.) (Milium
pungens Torr. in Spreng. Neue Entdeck. 2: 102. 1821.)
Erianthus saccharoides Michx.
There are two sheets of this, both labeled by Michaux, but no locality is given.
They belong to the species described in Small’s Flora under this name. This species
was described by Walter in 1788 as Anthoranthum giganteum. Wis specimen is
among the few grasses preserved in his herbarium at the British Museum. In both
types the panicle is tawny and the awn straight. The specific name can not be taken
up because there is an Erianthus giganteus Muh,’ based upon Andropogon. alope-
curoides Land described in his Descriptio Graminum.¢c The awn is there stated to be
twisted, asin the Linnean plant.
Erianthus brevibarbis Michx.
“Tn collibus desertis ab amnio Wabash ad Ostium Missouri 5 diebus distantibus.”’
The specimen belongs to the species described in Small’s Flora under this name. The
The known
39
range as originally published is ‘in collibus Tennassée et Carolinae.
range is from Delaware southward along the coast to Florida, and west to Louisiana.
We do not know of its occurrence in southern [linois, as given on Michaux’s label.
Holcus odoratus |.
“Tn pratensibus Canada [sign for perennial]..’ The specimen is Savastana odorata
(L.) Seribn.
Andropogon macrourum Michx.
“A Virginia ad Carolina [sign for perennial]."" The specimen is Andropogon glome-
ratus (Walt.) B.S. P. This agrees with Walter's specimen in the British Museum in
having roughened spathes, rather loose instead of tightly rolled as in the type speci-
men of Andropogon corymbosus (Chapm.) Nash (A. macrourus corymbosus Chapm.;
Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6: 409. 1889. Curtiss, N. A. Plants 3639¢).
Andropogon dissitiflorum Michx.
“In Carolina Georgia Florida.’’ The specimen is Andropogon virginicus Li.
Andropogon ternarium Michx.
“Tn regione Wabash Georgia montosa &e.’’ The specimen is Andropogon argyraeus
Schult. which is A. argenteus Ell., not DC. There isa single rather fragmentary speci-
men which is undoubtedly this species. Besides the label quoted above, the sheet
bears two others, but the name 1. ternariin is questioned upon both. One gives the
locality as “Wabash & Hlinois,’’ the other as Florida. As the diagnosis on the first of
these two labels states that the staminate flower is pediceled, 1. fureatus Muhl. may
be referred to. However, the published locality is “in montosis Carolinae.’”? Some
of the awns of the specimen are somewhat twisted. There appears to be no reason
why this name (as A. fernarivs) should not betaken upin place of A. argyraeus Schult.
Andropogon scoparium Michx.
The label bears the name, but no locality. The published locality is ‘in aridis
sylvarum Carolinae.”’ The specimen belongs to this species as generally understood.
The sheet bears another label with *‘ Andropogon avenaceum,”> which has evidently
been misplaced.
Andropogon avenaceum Michx.
“In regione Hlinoensium [sign for perennial]... The specimen is Sorghastrim
nutans (L.) Nash (Andropogon nutans L.), agreeing with the Linn:ean specimen in
having once-bent awns.
@Eneyel. 7: 452. 1806. 6b Cat. 4. 1818. e192. 1817.
152 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Andropogon ambiguum Michx.
“In sabulosis Carol.’’ The specimen is Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) B.S. P.
Branches floriferous from base.
Chloris petraea Sw.
‘‘Carolinis & Florida.’? The specimen belongs to this species.
Chloris monostachya Michx.
There is no plant with this name, but there is a good specimen which answers to the
description labeled Chloris piperita, without locality, however. The published
locality is, ‘in sylvis Carolinae inferioris.’”” Michaux states that the fresh plant has 2
peppery taste. The specimen is Campulosus aromaticus (Walt.) Scribn.
Chloris mucronata Michx.
“Tn cultis Carolinae.’’ The specimen is Dactyloctenitum aeqyptium (1...) Willd.
Chloris curtipendula Michx.
“Tfauteurs du Missouri et Poste Vincenne.’’ The specimen is Bouwleloua curti-
pendula (Michx.) Torr. as usually understood.
Tripsacum dactyloides L.
“T]linois, Basse Carolina.’’ The specimen is of this species.
Tripsacum cylindricum Michx.
“Tn florida.’’ The specimen is Manisuris cylindrica (Michx.) Kuntze (Rottboellia
cylindrica (Michx.) Chapm. of our manuals).
Rottboellia dimidiata L.
No locality is given. The specimen is Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze.
Cenchrus tribuloides L.
No locality is given on the sheet but the specimen must have been collected along
the seashore, for it has the large villous fruits characteristic of the true C. tribuloides
L., which has been named C. macrocephalus (Doell) Scribn. and C. vaginatus Steud.
The common inland form which has been going under the name of C. tribuloides
should be called C. carolinianus Walt.
Aira flexuosa L.
“Connecticut.’”’ The specimen is Deschampsia fleruosa (1...) Trin.
Aira ambigua Michx.
“Riv. que tombent au Lac St. Jean.’
(L.) Beauv.
)
The specimen is Deschampsia caespitosa
Aira melicoides Michx.
‘“Canada.’? The specimen is Graphephorum melicoideum (Michx.) Beauv. as
described in Britton’s Manual.
Aira obtusata Michx.
“Tn sabulosis Carolinae, Georgiae, Floridae [sign for perennial]. In Florida juxta
domum Wiggin.’’ The specimen is Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn, (Hatonia
obtusata (Michx.) Gray as described in our manuals).
There are two individuals. One is slender, about a foot high, nearly glabrous
throughout, with a narrow rather compact panicle; the other, more robust, but con-
sisting only of panicle and upper leaf, is pubescent (under a lens) upon sheath and
blade. This panicle, which is attached to a label with “herb. de M. de Pinckney
11.2,” is lobed like the western form called S. obtusata lobata (Trin.) Scribn. The
first specimen should be taken as the type, as it no doubt represents Michaux’s own
collection from Florida. :
Professor Scribner has pointed out@ that Eatonia of Rafinesque could not be the
Eatonia of Endlicher and later authors, but he was not able to identify EKatonia Raf,
@ Rhodora 8: 137. 1906.
je
Jn
re
va
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA, 1538
except as to the point that it was probably based on a species of Panicum. While
going through the Panicums of the De Candolle herbarium I found a specimen of
Panicum virgatum which was sent by Rafinesque and which was labeled Eatonia pur-
purascens. This is undoubtedly a duplicate type and fixes the identity of the genus
Eatonia Raf. The original description applies well to the common purple form of
this species found in brackish marshes along the coast.
Melica glabra Michx.
One label reads, ‘a Carolina ad floridam;’ the other reads, “florida f. Matanea No.
5.” The plants are glabrous and have a simple slender raceme of about ten spikelets.
Without much doubt M. mutica Walt. is the same.
Trachynotia cynosuroides Michx.
There are two labels, ‘I]inoensis” and “hauteurs des terres.’ The specimen
belongs to the inland species with several somewhat scattered spikes and awned
glumes, the lower being as long as the spikelet, which in most manuals is described
under Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Willd. Michaux’s description also applies to this
species. Michaux, however, takes up Linnieus’s specific name and bases his name
Trachynotia cynosuroides upon Dactylis cynosuroides L. As has been already pointed
out,@ the Linnean plant is the large seacoast form usually called Spartina polystachya
(Michx.) Ell. Thisname must become asynonym of Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Willd.,
while the plant of the inland marshes previously known by this name must receive a
different name. The name Spartina michauxiana is therefore proposed. for the
plant described by Michaux under the name of Trachynotia cynosuroides (not Dactylis
cynosuroides 1,.). It has been proposed to take up the name Spartina pectinata Link,
Jahrb. Gewiichsk. 1°: 92. 1820, but S. pectinata was collected by Bosc probably in
South Carolina, where 8. michauriana does not grow.
Trachynotia polystachya Michx.
“Basse Caroline.’’ Another label reads, “Trachynotia (a dorso valvarum scabro)
Dactylis cynosuroides L.”’ Since both this and the preceding species have scabrous-
keeled glumes, one suspects that the second label has been misplaced, or that Michaux
was uncertain as to the identity of Dactylis cynosuroides L. As stated under the pre-
ceding species, the name Spartina cynosuroides (1,.) Willd. should apply to this species,
since Michaux’s type of Trachynotia polystachya is identical with the type of Dactylis
cynosuroides 1.. Spartina cynosuroides Willd. is also founded upon Dactylis cynosu-
roides L. Both Michaux and Willdenow describe, through error of determination, a
different plant, that is, Spartina michauxiana Hitchc.
Trachynotia juncea Michx.
One label has the name only. A second label has “Dactylis sabulata bords des
Creeks salés Basse Caroline.’’ Spikes one or two; spikelets closely appressed upon
the rachis. The specimen is Spartina juncea (Michx.) Ell. as described by Merrill. ¢
Eleusine indica [(L.) (Gaertn.)].
“In cultis a Carolina ad floridam.”? ‘Dans les champs Illinois.’
belongs to this species.
)
The specimen
Eleusine mucronata Michx.
“linois.”” The specimen is Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth as described in
the manuals.
This is the same as Leptochloa filiformis (Pers.) Roem. & Schult. (Eleusine filiformis
Pers. 1805.), the type of which is from ‘“‘Americ. meridion.’’ It may be the same as
Festuca filiformis Lam. 4@ from ‘Amer. merid, Comm, D. Richard.’’ The description
@ Bot. Gaz. 35: 216. 1903.
5 Piper, Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 145. 1906.
eN, A. Spec. Spartina, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Ind. Bull. 9: 12. 1902.
@Tabl. Encycl. 1: 191. 1791.
154 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
is insufficient for identification and the type has not been examined. The species
does not appear to be described by Lamarck in his Encyclopedia. The name
Leptochloa filiformis has been applied to the species of southern Asia, which I think is
different from our species.
e
Elymus virginicus I..
There is no locality given. ‘The specimen is similar to the Linnean type, having
smooth lemmas and awns 2 to 2.5 em. long.
Bromus canadensis Michx.
“Canada: Lac St. Jean.’ The specimen is Bromus ciliatus L. lemmas pubescent
on the margins, glabrous on the back,
Festuca myuros |..”
“Env. de Charleston.”’ There are several specimens on the sheet. Some are
Festuca octoflora Walt.; some are F. seturea Nutt., the lemmas pubescent toward apex.
The description apples to the latter.
Festuca bromoides I..?
“In pascuis Juxta Charleston.”
The specimen is Festuca octoflora Walt.
Festuca fluitans I.
“Canada, Connecticut, Pensylvania.”’ The specimen is Panieularia borealis Nash,
Festuca polystachya Michx.
“Tlinois.”’ The specimen is Leptochloa fascieularis (Lam,) Gray, the erect short-
awned form.
Festuca distichophylla Michx.
“In maritimis Carolinae.’’ The specimen is Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene, stami-
nate form.
Festuca poaeoides Michx.
“In Canada [sign for perennial] “Herb. de M. Jussieu Fleuve St. Laurent.”’
The specimen is Festuca elatior L., the small form with slender panicle sometimes
known as F. pratensis Huds.
Festuca diandra Michx.
“[linois.”’ The specimen belongs to the species described as Diarrhena americana
Beauv. in Gray’s Manual and Korycarpus diandrus (Michx.) Kuntze in Britton’s
Manual. The specific name is invalidated by Festuca diandra Moench. Korycar-
pus was substituted for Diarrhena by Kuntze & on the strength of a citation by
Lagasca (“Norye. arundinaceus Ze. Ac. Matr. 18067° Lag. Nov. Gen. 4. 1816).
Tam unable to find any evidence that this name was published earlier than 1816,
In the absence of such evidence it is best to use Diarina festucoides Rat, Med. Repos.
5: 252. ISOS, based on Festuca diandra Michx.
Poa capillaris |.
“Carol.”’ The specimen is Fragrostis refracta (Muhl.) Scribn.
Poa crocata Michx. ;
No specimen of this could be found, The description applies to Poa triflora Gilib,
(P. serotina Erhr.).
Poa hirsuta Michx.
“Carol.’’ The specimen is Eragrostis hirsuta (Michx.) Nash as described in Small’s
Flora.
@Meth. 191. 1794. bRev. Gen. 2: 772. 1891.
GRASSES OF MICHAUX’S FLORA BOREALI-AMERICANA, 155
Poa seslerioides Michx.
The name does not appear on the label, but a sheet which answers to the descrip-
tion bears the locality “‘Carol.”’ The plant is 7'ridens flava (L.) Hitehe. ( Triodea
cuprea Jacq.) .@
Poa compressa I.
“Environs de Montreal et La Prairie extremité du lac Champlain.’ The specimen
belongs to this species.
Poa stviata Michx.
“Pensylvania, Virginia, Carolina.”’ The specimen is Panieularia nervata (Willd. )
Kuntze (Poa nervata Willd. 1797). | .
Poa pectinacea Michx.
No specimen of this could be found. This is unfortunate, as the species is some-
what uncertain. The description points toward the species generally understood and
described under the name Eragrostis pectinacea in our manuals. But this is a peren-
nial, while Michaux places the sign for annual after the locality, which is given as
Illinois. Research in other herbaria at Paris, such as the General Herbarium and the
herbarium of Drake de Castillo, may yield specimens collected by Michaux and sent
out by Richard, which will determine the identity of the species.
Poa reptans Michx.
“Rivierre Kaskaskia in limosis ripariis hujus amni,” the pistillate plant. “In
limosis ripariis amnium regionis Illinoensibus [sign for annual], the staminate
plant. These are Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S. P. Lamarck ® states that his
plant is the same as the one collected by Michaux on the Kaskaskia. Lamarck’s
first description of this, Poa hypnoides, appeared several years earlier.
Uniola latifolia Michx.
“THlinois.”’ This belongs to this species as described in our manuals. No speci-
men was found from the published locality, the Alleghany Mountains.
Uniola gracilis Michx.
No locality is given. The same as //oleus larus L. in the Linnean herbarium, now
called Uniola lava (.) B.S. P.
Uniola maritima Michx.
“Carol. sur la bord de lamer. Sea-side oat.”? ‘Phe specimen is (ntola pantenlata L.
Briza canadensis Michix.
No locality is given. The specimen is Panicularia canadensis (Michx.) Kuntze as
described in Britton’s Manual.
Briza eragrostis |..
“Carol”? The specimen is Eragrostis crayrostis (1..) Karst. ( Eragrostis megastachya
(Koel.) Link).
Avena mollis Michx.
“Montreal.”? The specimen is Trisetim spicatum (L.) Richter (T. subspicatum
(L.) Beauv.) The sheaths and blades are pubescent. In some manuals the glabrous
form is given this name while the pubescent form is made a variety. However, the
Linnzean specimen of Aira spicata is pubescent.
Avena glumosa Michx.
“A Canada et Carolina [sign for perennial|.”’ The specimen is Danthonia spicata
(L.) Beauv. The plant is glabrous,
aSee above, page 120. 6 neyel. 6: 88. L804. eTabl. Encyel. 1: 185. 1791,
35023—VoL 12, PT 36—OS——4
156 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Avena palustris Michx.
“Georgia Lieux humides.’’ The specimen is Sphenopholis palustris (Michx.)
Seribn. ( Trisetum palustre (Michx.) Torr.).¢
Avena striata Michx.
“A sinu Hudsonis ad Lacus Mistassins,’’? “Lac des Cygnes, Montagn. ent. la Baye
de Hudson et le Canada Mistassins.”’ The specimen belongs to this species as gen-
erally understood, It is, however, a Melica and would be, according to the Vienna
Code, M. striata (Michx.) Hitehe.6 By the American Code this name is invalidated
by Avena striata Lam, 1783, and must be changed to Melica purpurascens (Torr. )
(Trisetum purpurascens Torr. Fl. U.S. 1: 127. 1823; Avena striata Michx., not Lam.).
Arundo canadensis Michx.
“A Sinu Hudsonis ad Canadam praesertim ad ripas lacuum [sign for perennial ].”’
The specimen is Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. as described in our manuals.
Arundo arenaria I..
“Ad ripas fluminis 8. Laurentii a mare affuvienti inundatus.”’ The specimen is
Ammophila arenaria (1..) Link.
Arundinaria macrosperma Michx.
“Gramen altissimum ramosum a Virginia ad Floridam & in occidentalibus juxta
fluviis ab Ilinoensibus ad ostium Misissipi [sign for undershrub].’? The specimen
is fragmentary and one can not be certain which species of Arundinaria it represents.
Michaux probably included the large and small canes in one species. As he described
the plants as being very high, we may retain this names for the tall cane, as is done in
our manuals,
Zizania miliacea Michx.
There is no sheet bearing this name, but the plant described by Michaux bears the
label © Zizania palustris,” without locality. It is Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Doell
& Aschers as described in Small’s Flora.
Zizania clavulosa Michx.
This name does not appear upon any sheet, but a corresponding specimen, answer-
ing to the description, is marked Zizania aquatica, * Lac Champlain New Jersey Caro-
It is Zizania palustris L., the large, broad-leayed form.
”
lines Illinois & Lac d’Am.
Zizania fluitans Michx.
“In stagnantibus Carolinae Georgiae et alibi copiosissime juxta Charleston.”” The
specimen is Hydrochloa carolinensis Beauv. (HI. fluitans (Michx.) Nash.) Michaux’s
specific name can not be taken up on account of the earlier H, Jluitans Hartm.
Michaux’s published locality, “ad lacum Champlain,’? must be an error, for the plant
is not known to occur in the north.
Manisuris granularis Sw.
“In Carolina.’ The specimen is [/ackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze.
4 See Scribner, Rhodora 8: 145. 1906. 6 Rhodora 8: 211. 1906,
LIST OF NEW NAMES AND THOSE REPLACING NAMES IN
CURRENT USE.
[| New names in bold-face type. Synonyinis in italies. |
. Page
Andropogon ternarius Michx.........22.-0.....0.2.2-.2.2.. re 15]
A. argyraeus Schult.
Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauy......02025.0002..555000-0--5-5-5.0-0--- oo... TA
Paspaliim compressum Rasp.
Axonopus furcatus (Iliigge) Hitche. 2.202.002.2222. 116
Paspalum paspalodes (Michx.) Seribn.
Brachiaria meziana Hitchc..............000.00..0.000-0-00 200-0022 2 0000-220 e 140
Cenchrus carolinianus Walt.....0.0.00000-----0---22--0-.--. eee eee 27
(. tribuloides American authors, not b.
Cenchrus tribuloides L......222.2..2-.2-0--.-2-0-0--02-00-0- 20-02-22 eee eee 27
('. macrocephalus (Doell) Scribn.
Diarina festucoides Raf...........2..0.0.2000.0-0.0 0-000 --0-22ee See 14
Korycar pus diandrus (Michx.) Kuntze.
Erianthus divaricatus (I..) Hitche...... ee 125
I. alopecuroides (A.) Ell.
Eriochloa michauxii (Roem. & Schult.) Hitehe 922220022222. re © v7
I. mollis (Michx.) Kunth.
Melica purpurascens (Torr.) Hitche...0020.0000-0020-0.02..-... res 110)
Avena <triata Michx.
Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.) Hitche 2.0.2... a ooo eee eee. bl
O. juncea Amer, authors, not Stipa. juncea Mic hy.
Panicularia melicaria (Michx.) Hitehe 2.200202... oe. ooo. TAD
P. elongata (Torr.) Kuntze.
Panicum acuminatum Sw.......202.2--2------ es 2. 158
P. comophyllian Nash.
Panicum adspersum Trin.......00..02..0..0.2.-. a eee 2. 1D
P. grossarium American authors, not .
Panicum anceps Michx..........-......-.0.--..-..-. a eee eee 147
P. rostratum Muhl.
Panicum barbinode Trin. .......00.00000000200000000000 0 eee ee 137
P. molle American authors, not Sw.
Panicum barbulatum Michx .. 0000000000000 eee 22. 148
P. gravius Hitche. & Chase.
Panicum boseli Poir...2. 00022 eee 118
P. porterianum Nash.
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx __.. eee eee eee 147
P. proliferum American authors, not Lam.
Panicum faseiculatum Sw .....20....2----- 22-2 ee 138
P. fuscum Sw.
P. flavescens Sw.
—_
Qn
ie 2)
LIST OF NEW NAMES.
Page
Panicum fasciculatum chartaginense (Sw.) Doell...................-.-.-..--.- 138
PP. veticnlatim Torr,
Panicum latifolium Lo.....0. 02220. ee 118
P. macrocarpon Le Conte.
Panicum microcarpon Muhl....000--20222 22 149
P. barbulatiom American authors, not Michsx.
Panicum molle Sw......0..2 22.2 ee 137
P. velutinosum Nees.
Panicum nitidum Lame... 0.00000 ee 148
P. subbarbulatiuim Seribn. & Merr.
Panicum reptans L222... 22222 ee 119
P. caespitosiin Sw.
P. prostratum Lan.
Panicum spretum Schult...00.0000 000200000002 148
P. eatoni Nash.
Po nitidum Lam., err. det., Scribn. & Merr.
P. paucipilim Nash.
Panicum swartzianum I[itche.....2..00002220200202220.00.0.0.-.02.22---2---- 140
P. lanatiin Sw., not Rotth.
Pamicum trichoides Sw......2...... 2-22-0022 ee eee 140
P. brevifolium American authors, not [..
Paspalum debile Michx................0000-0-0-52-02. 20200022 145
P. villosissimiuimn Nash.
Paspalum dissectum (.) Leo... 2.2....00000-5220 22 ee 115
P. membranacenm Walt.
Senites zeugites (L.) Nash........2..0.0 000022202222 127
Zeugites americana Willd.
Sporobolus asper (Michx.) WKunth..2.220.000.022.2-0-00-02 222. 150
S. longifolius (Torr.) Wood.
Sporobolus clandestinus (Spreny.) Ilitehe.. 22000 150
S.asper American authors.
Sporobolus gracilis (Trin.) Merr.. 020.2000 0000000222-00 2002202002222 150
S. junceus (Michx.) Kunth.
Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Willd. ..000000000000220002200000002 02022 12]
S. polystachya Michx.
Spartina michauxiana Hitche....-202.020 22 ee 153
S. cynosuroides American authors, not Dactylis cynosuroides 1.
Stipa canadensis Poir......2.2.....-----0-0 02 ee 151
S. macounti Seribn. :
Syntherisma digitata (Sw.) Ilitehe.. 0022-2 142
S. setosa (Desy.) Nash.
Tridens flava (l.) Hitehe. 2.222222 eee 120
Triodea cu prea Jacq.
Tricuspis sesterioides (Michx.) Torr.
Aizania aquatica Leo. eee 124
Z. aquatica angustifolia UWitehe.
Aizania palustris L.....222-.2-2 22222222 eee 124
Z. aquatica L.
vy
r)
INDEX OF SPECIES.
[Page number of principal entries in bold-face ty pe.
Page.
Agrostis alba. ...22 2220002 150
AS POTO 2s 150
clandestina.........00000.00000-.0--2.-. 150
erucidta..........0.00000 0 120. 153, 142
dispar... 22222202000 150 |
hiemalis...........2....2.-2.0..0-0-....... 145
indica ........00000.0.00020.-0-..- 120, 134, 149
involula....2 2.000002 150
juncea....- 2-222 150 |
lateriflora...00 2.000.002 eee eee eee 150 |
longifolia... 2.000000 0 00202 150
MELICONE 2220020000 eee 119
NMIGTESCENS. ee eee eee 139
perennans........ 22 0222.0202.2202-22----- 145. |
PUP PUTASCENS 22 eee 142
TACEMOSA......222.022--2---------------- 150
radiata . 2... .....60 000000202222 120, 133, 142
rigidifolia........00.0. 002002220200 22 02 ee- 138 |
virginica... 0.2.20. 000eeeee 119, 121, 131
Aira ambigua..................02022.0. 2-2. 152
Aquatica... eee 120
CHES PUOSA. 2.22.22 eee 120
NELUOSA. 020 eee eee 120,152 |
indita....220 202 120
melicoides ...0 0000 152
obtusata... 22 cee ee 152
(polynomial) ......2.0...022-0..-..----. 129, 130
SPICAld 2. eee eee 120.155
subs picata.... 00.0000 000 120
Alopecurus aristulatus..90000200.0.0-0.-.-.- 145
Ammophila arenaria... 90000 22222222202- 2-8. 156
Anastrophus compressus..................- 141
pas paloides 2.2.02 0000 eee 146
Andra pogon.............25.202220-20-0------- 129
Andra pogon (polynomial) .........2.--...-- 128
Andropogon alopecuroides......- 125, 128,183, 151 |
ambiguum............-.....------------- 152
argenteus -..-. 020 Lee 15]
ArQyuraqeus . 2.222022 20 ee 151
AVENACEUM. 2.20202 .... ddl
barbatum....22...20000....... 126, 133, 142
bicorne...2222 22 125. 129, 185
brevifolium..-22000-0022022 2 143
corymbosus...2.....000....22-5--0-0----- 151
dissitiflorum....0000.000..0.-000-00..2022-. 151
divaricatum...........0.-22.-..-2---- 125, 129
fasciculatum. ....0..0...00..... 115, 126, 133
fastigiatum .....2-.....-2-.-..--2-20.--. 143
fureatus........-......-.-..205--- 126
glomeratus.................... 125, 128, 129, 151
hirtum............-....-2-.-.-.222-2-.5-- 125, 128
insulare......222..2.22------- 125, 126, 135, 142
ischaemum.......-.0.0.-----2-2-.---2--- 126
Synonyins in italies.]
Page.
Andropogon leucostachys 2200.02.02... 125, 132, 143
INQCTOUPUM ee 151
MACTOUTUS COTYMBOSUS. .0 2 ee 151
NUIUNS 2... eee 125, 128, 151
polydactylon 20. ..0000000 02 126, 138, 142
saccharoides 90 143
scoparium. 2.0 ...0000000022202.0.0000002. Il
scoparius......2022200..020.0..2.-02.00.. 124, 128
SOECUNGUS 222222 ee 132
termarium.....0..000000.0...--..-0002.. 151
virginieum. 2.222222 20 002. P25. 128, 132, 151
Anthaenantia villosa... ..0....02220.000222.. 145
Anthephora elegans. ..2..0..0000.0.00.--22-- 124
hermaphrodita....................----- 124
Anthoxanthum gigantewm.....---.-...2-..- 151
odoratum......0.000000 000.0222 eee eee 144
A pluda zeugites .. 2.2.22... e eee ee 127
Aristida americana....-.......-----..------ 123
dichotoma..............20222-.....-.-.. 144
oligantha......2.22.-.-20.22.020-0.20.0.... 144
stricta... 22.00.22 20000 2222 i44
Arundinaria macrosperma..........--..- 130, 156
Arundo arenaria...............-..-2.-..-.--- 156
CANAdENSIS 156
phragmites. >......0.-2.....---... 123, 124, 130
(polynomial) ...........2..22.--..--- 130, 132
SUCCRATIPOTE oo ee ee ee eee 132
Asprella hystie oo... 2... 130
Avena bromoides......00....0....022-....204 128
QUUMOSA.. 2222222 ee ee ee 155
MOMS 202 eee 120, 155
PQALUSITIS © eee 156
pensylVanNid. 2.0202 12:
SPM... eee 22. ERS
SIFU eee 156
AXONOPUS UUPCUS. 2.202002 0 22 ee eee 141
COULPPOSSUS. 222.2222 eee eee 133, 142
furcatus 200202 146
Bouteloua americana. ........2002.02.02006- 123
curtipendula..........--2.-------------- 152
LIN QIOSA. 20 ee ee ee eee 123
Brachiaria erucaeformis.............22----- 141
MeZlaMa. eee eee eee ee 140
Brachyelytrum aristatuim. ooo 0022222 144
erectum.......----...2--2--------------- 144
Briza canadensis.......-....-----...-------- 155
CTUQTOSLIS 022 eee eee eee ee 121, 180, 155
Bromus altissimus....2......02--.-.......-- 122
canadensis... .: Dee 154
ciliatus. 22.2. 222220000000222200000 2. 122.154
latiglumis..............0.0.205..---0..--- 122
PUPZANS 2.2. eee eee eee eee eee eee 122
Calamugrostis canadensis. ...........0...... 156
I
Il INDEX OF
Page.
SPECLES. .
Page.
Kragrostis eragrostis...000000000000.0.0002. 155
glutinosa. 2.22. .000 020202. 134, 148
hirsuta... 2.220000 0 02 154
hypnoides. 2.22.20 220 155
megastachyva 2.2. .2000000..0020.. 121, 130, 155
MINOP 220 121
pectinaeeas oo... 121,130,155
prolifera... 00020 134, 143
refractas 02000 154
sudans 20.0000. 143
Erianthus alopecuroides. 000000000002 00.. 125, 128
brevibarbis. 2000.00 000 00222 151
CONLOTLUS . 128
divaricatus. 20.2000 ee 125, 128
GiGdTbeus oe 151
saecharoides. 2.0002
Kriochlow michauxtie 00000. 147
mollis. 20 146
punebata so... 119
Festuen bromoides. 2.00000 154
diandra. 2.0 154
distichophylla oo. 0000000 154
Clation. 2.2. 14
nliformis. 00000000 Dooce eee ee 153
MUMHANS 2 lod
MYUPOS. 22. ee 154
NUIOANS 2 ee 149
Obtusa. 2.22... ee 140
octoflora.. 2222 154
poueoides 2-2 154
polystachya. 2.00.20 2 20000 154
pratensis ee 154
sClUrea see 154
Frumentum (polynomial) .....2.00....-... 132
Gramen (polynomial) .....00.002.020-.. 126,128,
129, 130.132.133.133, 134,135,143
Graphephorum melicoideum...........2..- 152
Gymnopogon anmbiguus....2.0200000 00 152
Hackelochloa granularis... 0002... 118, 134, 142, 156
Holeus larus. 2.0 00.0022 00. 126, 180,155
odoratus.. 220.02 151
SUPIAIUS © eee 127. 130
Homalocenchrus....222..200000020..0.0-0... 144
hexandrus.....00....2.0.-...0....0-... 115,136
lenticuhuris. 22... .0 0020000000000. 144
monandrus. 2.220022 22 ee 136
oryzoides. 202.0200 2 222 115,130, 186,144
| Tfordeum jubatum. 2.222200. 00022222. 124
(polynomial) ...........2. 022200020000... 128
Hydrochloa caroliniensis......000..0.2..2.. 156
UMHONS 2 eee 156
Ilystrix hystrix. 22... 0022002222. 124, 130
PANU ee eee 124, 130
Tehnanthus nemorosus.-.00.00 0022.00.02... 138
pallens. 2.22. 140
TImperata cCaudata. oo... 2 125,133
, Tsachne arundinacea... 2. ..0.0000000 02. 140
TIVOENS 2. eee 138
Norycarpus diandrus .2 0000202 154
| Lagurus (polynomial) ........00.0....... 128,129
Leersia herandra. oo... 020 136
lenticularis.. 00.00.2202 0202000200000002-- 144
monondra 2.2... woe eee ee 136
oryz0ldes 20. ee 136, 144
Campulosus aromaticus...............----- 152
Carex folliculata...0-0...0--22---2- 0-222. 128 |
Catabrosa aquatica .....00002200000.0..00.. 120 |
Cenchrus carolinianus.........-.. 127, 128, 132, 152 |
echinatus...---0000202-2220-0-.0000... 127.132
granularis . 0.000000 ee 142
macroce phalus......022.2220-2-.-- 127, 128, 152
(polynomial) .......2.....2....2.2.----- 128
SetOSUS 22 . tts
tribuloides. 22.22.20. 020000... 127.128, 182, Loe
VAGINAIUS 22 ee ee 12 |
Chaetochloa ghiuca. 2.02222 117,129 |
imberbis.....000002020000000000000... 132, 146
Chloris barbutas...0.0.0.0..0 0002 .e. eee 126
Ciliatas 222222 a 112
eruciata. oe 120, 188, 142
eurtipendula. 00000. Soe 152 |
eleusinoides...0 00 .22200 22 120, 133
MONOSACKYO ©. ee 152
MUCTONAIG. 0 eee 152
petraea oo. 142.152
polydactyla. 2-2 126, 135, 142
radiata..... 0.000 120, 142
SWATITIANEA. 0006 142
virgata... 2... 142 |
Cinna arundinacea ...22.22.22-22-20 02. 155, 144 |
latifolia... 2. 144
Coix dactylaides. 200.0000 0220 124
Jacryma jobi......2..0220002.0000... -. 128
(polynomial)... 22202022 128
Cynosurus Aegyptus. 0002020 130
(polynomial) ..........00.02000.000000... . 180
virgatus 22.00.0000 .0000.2020-2 0 Hi7, W218
Dactylis cynosuroides....2..2-00.0... P21,129, 153
(polynomial) -.2000.002002.00002000... 115, 129 —
Dactyloctenium acgyptium...... eee 182, 152
Danthonia spicata. .......22000 2 155
Deschampsia caespitosa.......000000000000. 120
flexuosa... 00022. 120, 152
Diarina festucoides....2....00.000000.00000... 154 |
Digitaria paspalodes 2000000 ee 146
Pulosa 2 eee 146 —
SANQUINGLIS eee 146
SCTOUING. 220.2 eee 146
Dilepyrum aristoswm. 0.0000 .0000000000 143, 144
minutiflorum 0.0022. 2 22 144 |
Dimorphostachys pedunculata.......00 00... 136, |
Distichlis spicata. ...0200000 2, 2 154!
Ratonia oblusata. 000 ee 152
PUTPUTASCENS eee 153
Eehinochloa colons. 00000 132
erus-gedlin 120, 132, 146 |
walle. HT, 146°
Eleusine filiformis. 0000000000000 LSS |
indica... 22.22.22 126, 130, 133, 193
MuUucronald. oo. 2.222 153
Elymus canadensis... .. wee eee eee 123
glaucifolius.... 2.200222 123, 124
hyStrbe eee 124.130 |
philadelphicus. 2.020000... 0000000000... 123
sibericus. 220000000002 124 |
virginicus ..0000000002.222.222... 124,128, 154,
Eragrostis bahiensis .....2....2.0.00....0... 134 |
Ciliaris. 222.2222 0e 121
eapillaris. 2.0.2... 121
DITGINICH. 6 ee eee 144
~
ye
INDEX OF
Page.
Leptochloa fascicularis..................-.- 154
filiformis......22..--22- 2222 e eee ee eee 153
mucronata................-2..--- 117, 133, 153
virgata....... Lecce cece cece eeeee 117, 122, 138
Manisuris cylindricus............-.2.2.--+- 152
granularis.......2.-..2----+- 118, 134, 142, 156
myuros..............--------- 2-222 e ... 142
Melica glabra......... Lee eee eee cece ee ee eee 153
mutica..............2..- cece eee eee e eee 153
purpurascens........-..-----+-++-+--++--- 156
striata... .....02222.0-2---- Lecce eee eee 156
Milium cimicinum......-...--2.---+--++-+- 141
COMPTESSUM . 2.2.22 eee eee ee 141
digitatum........2..-2-+-------- 134, 141, 142
PANICEUM 2.22.02 eee ee ee eee 141, 142
(polynomial) ..........2..5..-.-.------- 131
punctatum.............----- 222-222 ee-- 119
VUlOSUM . 222 ee eee eee 142
Monachne unilateralis._......-....--------- 147
Muhlenbergia avistata..........-2.-----.--- 144
capillaris.......2.. 2.22. ....2-0.2222000- 150
dt ffusa... 22. eee eee 144
mexicana...... 20.2... 2 ee eee eee ee eee 119,150
TACEMOSA... 2.2 eee 150
schreberi........-...---.-.----------- 117,144
Olyra latifolia..........2......--.--- 124, 132,135
paniculata. ... 0.2.2.2. 22 e ee eee eee -e. 135
pauciflora.... 2.222.222. eee eee eee eee 135
Oplismenus hirtellus...........2.....2+.--- 119
setarius.............-... cece eee eeeeeee 146
OTYZa.. 2. eee 131
(polynomial) .---.....--.---- 22. esses 130
Sativa... 2.2.0.2. 2 eee eee eee ee ee eee 131
Oryzopsis asperifolia.... 222... 2.2.2. ...000- 149
© FUNCED. 20 eee eee 151
pungens............---.-..----. 2222020. 151
Panicularia borealis. ..-.-.-2--22........... 154
canadensis... .........22222.2222-0-00-6- 155
elongata... 22-226... e ee eee 149
melicaria......... once eee ee eee eee ee eee 149
nervata.-.......222.22.222..222-2-----. 155
Panicum acuminatum .......-.-..-----.. 188,139
adspersum....--.-..-.-----. 2-22 2-.-- 119
agrostidiforme...- 2.0.00... 022.22 ee ee eee 139
ancepS...........--2-.-.22- eee eee eee 147
angustifollum................22...2-- 148, 149
arizonicum............----.------------ 137
arundinaceum ..... 2.2... 22002. 22 eee eee 140
ashei.....-.....--....-.-.222------2----.- 148
barbinode.......-...2----.---.-.2.--2.-- 137
barbulatum............2..........-- 117, 148
boseii.....22222..-2..22---2 22 eee 118, 147
brevifolium......2.......-...02--2-20-.-- 140
caespitosum....... Lecce eee Lee eee cess 141
captllaceum ... 0022 ee eee 140 |
eapillare ......-2..2222-2- 2. 118, 127,134, 147
chartaginense.....-...-.....--------- 138, 139
clandestinum.........-....----.-.--- 118, 134
cOlOnuM......--.-------2-2- 2222 eee 119, 182
comophyllum...........2.22.2.22222.-.. 138
compactum......-.-.....2-2-2222-2------ 141 |
erus-galli....-......----.-2------- 117, 119, 146
decumbens... 2... ee eee ee eee 136
diandrum........---22.2.20022---------- 139
dichotomiflorum...................-..84 147
a
SPECIES. III
Page.
Panicum dichotomum..............-.--- 117, 129
diffusum ..........222.....220--0-2-02---- 139
dimidiatum..........2....22202-22-222+-- 116
CiSS€ClUM . 0... eee ee eee eee 115, 116, 133
distichum ......00..0.0.0002.002-0222222--2--- 137
divaricatum............. .... 118,119, 140, 149
Catoni... 0.2 ee eee eee 148
fasciculatum..............--- 116, 134, 188, 139
chartaginense............------+----- 138
filiforme........2..-02-220205- 117, 136, 142, 146
flAVESCENS 22 ee ee eee eee 139
JUSCUM . 000 eee eee eee 139
GETMANICUM . 2. eee eee ---- I4l
gibbum. .....0 0002020202222 e ee eee 127, 130, 134
glaucum 20.00 ee ee eee eee 117, 129, 146
glutinosum........2....-- wee ee eee 134, 140
QTQUIUS © 0 eee eee eee 148
QTOSSQTIWM 0 ee eee eee ee 119
heterophyllum. . 0... .2220200 02202 - 14]
hirsutum.........2--.--.-20-202--22---- 141
hirtellum .. 0.00000... -2-2-2---200-5----- 119, 146
INdICUM.. 2 eee eee eee eee 129
Utalicum. 2.2.2 ee eee eee eee 129
kalmti... 0.0.00 eee eee eee eee 141
lanatum...... 2.2... 0-2-0022 2 eee eee eee 140
latifolium..........-.--..-------- 118, 134, 147
laxum...... 2.02.22. 2-2-2 eee eee eee eee 139
leucophacum...........-.-2++-- 125, 126, 135, 142
MACTOCUTPON. .. 2... 222-2 ee eee eee eee 118
Maximum.............----------------- 140
melicarium.... 2.2... -22-2 eee eee eee eee 149
michaurlt......2. 2.2.2 eee eee eee 147
microcarpon.............--.------++---- 117,149
miliare.........2.....-2-22-------------- a7
molle............-..-.-----22+------- 137, 146
muricatum ... 0.2... eee eee 146
muticum...........--..-2-2--2----------- 138
nemorosum........--- eee e eee eee eee eee 138
nitidum._..........-.-2-2.--------------- 148
numidianum...........-.--------------- 138
oligosanthes.............-----.------- 117, 129
oryzoides . 2.0222... e eee eee eee 118, 139
ovalifolium.........-...----+-++-2++++--- 140
PAUENS .. 02.222 eee ee eee eee eee 140
paniculatum........-.+.-++-++++---- ..--- Lb
pauciptlum......0-- 2-22.22 eee ee eee eee 148
philadelphicum............-------------- 118
pilis parsum........ eee eee eee eee eee 137
pilosum............-------- cece eee eee 13%
polygamum...... 2.0.22. 2-22-2220 ee eee 140
(polynomial). 115, 116, 117, 127,128,129,129, 132
porterianum.... 00-00-62 eee eee eee eee 118, 147
proliferUm. . 222.0002 20 oe eee eee eee eee 147
PTOSITALUM 2.22. eee eee eee 119
PubeSCENS . .2 22.2 ee eee eee 147
PUNGENS. 2.2.22 eee e eee eeeee 146
ramuliflorum.......--02+--2-22-+--------- 139
TAMUIOSUM. .. 202 eee ee eee 149
reptans.......... cece eee eee eee eee eee 119
reticulatum.........-2------ wee e cece eee 137, 188
TIGENS 2. ee eee 138
rostratum.......1-.--.-------+---------- 147
sanguinale........------- 117,122, 129, 133, 146
scoparium..........2-----22-2----+------- 147
SCLOSUM. 22. eee eee eee 137
IV INDEX OF
Page. |
Panicum sloanei.................. 118, 134, 188, 1389 |
sphaerocarpon.................---.----- 141 |
spretum............2.-...--. bee e eee eee 148
subbarbulatum. .... cee ee eee eee ee eee 148
swartaianum.....00000..000022..2222220-- 140
tenue.....2...22202.220.... Sec eee eee 148 |
tenuiculmum....222.0000. 000222222 eee 139
trichanthum....0....0......2-2-.2.----- 140
trichoides......2..0.....2....2.... 140,118, 134
VElULINOSUM.. 0 eee eee 137
virgatum.........2.2..222.-.. 118,129, 147,158
viscidum......2.22.-.---- cece eee eee ee 147 |
wizanioides. ................2.----------- 189
Paspalum alfissimum.....-0 20000002200 146
blepharophyllum................2.0..... 145
caespitosum.....22..2..-..... veeeeeeee 136, 137
ciliatifolium..........2..2.22220.02002..... 145
COMpressumM.... 2222222222222... --....- 133,141
conjugatum........0.2.22......2.2.02- 133,136
decumbens. ......................-.--... 136
debile. 2.2.20 0 0002 eee 145 |
dimidiatum...............---22---------- 116)
dissectum...........2....2-2-2...-.... 116,137
distichum.....222..02222...222.... 117,186, 146
elliottti. 0... eee 146
filiforme......2.2...02.....2......-2----- 136
floridanum. ......................--- 145, 146 |
furcatum.....20.0000.0.-2....---..-2 22 ee 146 |
Jaeve. 2002 145 |
MeMbranaceuUmM ... 2.22.22. eee 115, 116 |
paniculatum........02222...2......- 116, 134 |
paspaloides . 2... 00.00 eee 146 |
pedunculatum. 22... ....00002222220000.. 136
plicatulum... 2222222220002 2 22 146
polystachyum,............0..0..0.....-- 136 |
pracCON . 2.22. eee eee 145
saccharoides...............22...222..--- 135 |
scrobiculatum............2.2..-.-....-. 116 |
setaceum.......00000.0002..2.2222-200000- 145 |
vaginatum.......2..0..... Looe eee eee 133, 186 |
villosissimum .....0.. 202.2. 145 |
virgatum.................... 115, 116, 126, 133
Paspalus caespitosus.......... cece eee ee 156,137 |
filiformis 2200000200 eee 136 |
furcatus ....2..02....-.--.- 2 eee 146 |
swartzianus...0 202222. cece eee eee eee 136 |
Pennisetum americanum. .........2.....--- 132 |
indicum... ..-...00....00022222.2222222--- 1438
setosum_._......2.2....222....---2.-.--- 143
Phalaris arundinacea. ...............-...... 145 |
oryzoides LL... . 2... 115, 139, 134,136 |
villosa. bee eee eee 145 |
Phalaroides (polynomial) ...........2...... 121
Pharus latifolius....0000000.0..20..0.... 125, 134
Phragmites communis. ...0........... 124, 130, 132
phragmites. ....2.2..2220.0....... 123, 124, 132
Poa annua..........2....2.2...-.......---.- 131
CaeTUIESCENS 2.2.2... Lecce eee eee 120
capillaris 2.0.2.2 2 0222 121, 130, 154
cildaris. 22222222222. pone eee eee eee 121
COMpressa... 2.2.2.2... eee ee ee 155
erTocata 2.2... 2.2.2.2... 0022222-02---- 143, 154
CTAQgTOSTIS. . 222.2. 121
AAV. ee eee ee eee 120, 127
glulinosa.. 2.2.22... 22. eee ee eee eee 134, 148 |
Stipa avenacea
juncea.. 2.222222...
macounti......2....-
filiformis.........2...
sanguinalis
serotina....-........
setOsa. 22-222
Trachynotia cynosuroides
junceea..... 2.2
polystachya
Trichodium decumbens
laxiflorum........... .
Tricuspis...2.-..2....22-
caroliniana
quinquifida. 22.2.2...
Triodia..........22.2....
barbata_.............
SPECIES.
Page,
Poa hirsuta... 2.2000 lot
Ry pnotdes 2... cece eee ee eee 155
NETUME. 2... ec eee ee 155
Pectinacea.... 2.22.22 eee ee 143, 155
(polynomial)... ....22.0.022.20...2.. 130, 131
prolifera... 0 eee eee 14:
quinquifida.... 2.200000 0 00 eee eee 120
replans 2-22.20 0 ee 155
S€rotina. 22.2. 154
Seslerloides 2... eee 155
striata 22.2... ee 155
triflOva.. 22 eee 154
Rottboellia cylindrica..... 2.0.0.0 -02 2. 152
dimidiata.... 20-00. 0022.0202.0-- 2 152
Saccharum o{f¢inarum.......-............. 132
replans Lam. 2.22.22... 222 147
Sacciolepis striata....22.2.00000000... 127, 180, 134
Sacharum polystachyon..........-.........- 135
Savastana odorata... ..0200.000022.2....... 151
| Senites zeugites....0.0.200000000.0.0.0....... 127
Setaria setosa.. 2... ...02 0022 ee 137
Sorghastrum linnaeanum................ 125, 129
nutans..........022..2..0002-222....22. 125, 154
Sorghum vulgare.....020.2.....2........... 131
Sphenopholis obtusata. ......02022.022222.. 152
palustris. ........ 000000 eee. 156
Spartina cynosuroides........22.22... 121, 129, 153
glabra... 2... 0.22222 121, 129
juneea......... cee ee eee eee ee eee 158
michauxiana... 2.2.20 0 222.2 153
Pectinata . 2.0.2... eee eee 153
polystachya. 00.20.0020. 121, 129, 153
stricta... 222.2 121
Sporobolus asper.........002-2....222.2.-.- 150
clandestinus........ wee e eee ee ee eee eee 150
gracilis. 22.2.2 222 20.0.0 02000.022000002... 150
indicus.......2.0..... 120, 121, 134, 149
Junceeus 22... oe cee 150
longifolius. 2.2.20 20 eoeeee 150
purpurascens... wee ee ee ee cece eee eee 142
virginicus......0220.0.00222... 119, 121, 131, 132
Stenotaphrum dimidiatum....0.......2.... 116
122, 125, 129, 150
wee e eee eee eee 150
bocce cece eeeecee eee 142
joc ee cece 117, 142, 146
co cceeeeeeceeeees 117, 146
wee ee eee eels 146
cee eee eee eee 120
we eee eee eee eee eee 120
ween eee eee eee eee 120
a!
INDEX OF SPECIES, Vv
Page | Page.
Tripsacum cylindricum................2.-2- 152.) Uniola spicata...... 2.02. .2 2222. eee 119, 121, 131
dactyloides..................-... 124,128,152 Valota insularis..............2... 125, 126, 135, 142
hermaphroditum ............--2....222-- 124 Vilfa gracilis... 000000000 ee ee 150
Trisetum molle...............2..-2--..-.--- 120 Zeamays.......-....2-00-2 2222 -22222-022-- 22 ee 132
PAlUustTe .. 2.2.22 ee eee eee eee 156 | Zeugites.... 2. eee eee 127
pennsylvanicum.............2.-.-.-..2- 123 QMETICANG 2222 eee eee ee 127
PUTPUTASCENS . 2.22 eee eee 156 | Zizanial. 02.200 e ooo eee eee 130
spicatum................2....2------- 120, 155 | aquatica... .....022....22.... 124, 125, 130, 156
Subspicatum. .. 2.2.22... 222 ee eee eee 120, 155 | aquatica angustifolia... ......22.0-22... 124
Uniola gracilis. .............. Lecce 126, 130, 155 | clavulosa..0 0.02222 156
latifolia... 2.2.2... 2222202222 e eee 155 flUUANS - 2. ee eee eee 156
lara .... 2.2. eee 126, 130, 155 miliacead.......-- eee eee eee 156
MATILIMA. 2. eee eee 155 palustris. .....0200.0..22.2...- 124, 125, 130, 156
paniculata.............222.....- 121,181,155 Zizaniopsis miliacea...........2222.02.22... 156
(polynomial) ..............-. 127, 130, 131, 131
O
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
THE MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN
SPECIES OF SAPIUM
By HENRY PITTIER
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1908
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM:
IssuED OcToBer 6, 1908.
PREFACE.
During the past few years much study has been bestowed upon plants
which furnish the rubber of commerce. This has shown that many of
these are unknown botanically, that those which have been described
have often been placed in wrong genera, and that the number of genera
and species which may furnish rubber is apparently much larger than
has been supposed. It has been discovered not only that several speties
of the genus Sapium produce a part of the rubber of commerce, but
that the genus is a very large one, and it will doubtless be found that
more of its species are capable of yielding a satisfactory raw product.
The accompanying paper on the species of Sapium of Mexico and
Central America, by Mr. Henry Pittier, is therefore, in view of the
growing demand for more rubber, timely, and the contents are such
as to make it an important contribution to this subject. Most of the
new species here proposed were first studied by Prof. Karl Schu-
mann, but his death occurred before they had been published, or even
manuscript upon them prepared. Mr. Pittier has described the new
species recognized by Professor Schumann, together with two addi-
tional species distinguished by himself, and has added, with appro-
priate notes, descriptions of two already known. .
J. N. Rose, Acting Curator.
Ill
CONTENTS.
Page
Introduction _.......-...----. 222-222 ee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee ee 159
Descriptions of species..... 2.2... 2202-22-22 ee 164
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
PuatrEe X. Sapium pleiostachys Schumann « Pittier.................--.2-2--- 164
XI. Sapium anadenum Pittier.......2..2.2202.002 22.2 eee eee eee eee 164
XII. Sapium mexicanum Wemsl............2.-2.-2------- 22 eee eee eee 165
XIII. Sapium thelocarpum Schumann «& Pittier............2...22222-2.2-2. 166
XIV. Sapium pedicellatum Huber............----- beeen eee eee ee ee eee 166
XV. Sapium pittieri Wuber...........-.------.----- 2-2 eee eee eee 167
XVI. Sapium pachystachys Schumann & Pittier.....--.....2-..--......- 168
XVII. Sapium oligoneurum Schumann & Pittier........222..22..2.------- 168
TEXT FIGURES.
Page,
Fic. 7. Flowers of Sapium pleiostachys Schumann & Pittier .........-..-.-.- 164
8. Flowers of Sapium anadenum Pittier............-2.-----.---------- 165
9. Leaf, glands, and seeds of Sapiwm pittiert Huber......-.....-------- 167
10. Leaf, fruit, and seeds of Sapium sulciferum Pittier..-.-.-...-......--- 169
THE MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES
OF SAPIUM.
By Hewry Pirvier.
INTRODUCTION.
Among the Costa Rican species of Sapium there is one common in
the central valley of San José and known to the natives under the
name of yds or 7és, a word that probably originated in the extinct
Guetarti language. The milk of this species is used by boys as a bird-
lime.* Small sticks are smeared with the fresh milk and placed near
some food that will attract the birds, and if any of these happens to
alight on one of the sticks, its feet adhere so strongly that it can not
fly away. With the object of ascertaining the presence or absence of
rubber in the milk of that species, I started a few years ago some pre-
liminary investigations. The subject of my first few experiments was
a tree growing in a hedge near San José. Its trunk was about 80 cen-
timeters in diameter, and it measured nearly 3 meters from the ground
to the limbs, but it had been kept cut back with the hedge, so that the
ramification was all new growth with very large, fleshy leaves. These
furnished an abundance of a watery latex which, after desiccation, was
found to contain traces of rubber and a very large amount of a sticky,
resinous substance. Later I realized through personal experience the
fact, already very well known, that the milk of young Castilla trees
and other rubber plants also yields mostly resinous substances and
comparatively little rubber, so that the conclusiveness of these first
experiments against the utility of the Costa Rican Sapium became
doubtful.
I had no opportunity, however, to continue my researches under
better conditions and had almost adopted the opinion that none but the
high Andean species of Sapium, known from Colombia and Ecuador,
were rubber-producing trees, when my attention was attracted by
various articles from different sources, all of which contributed to
throw new light on the really important réle of several species of this
genus as contributors to the suppl) Vv of South Amer! ican rubber.
a The milk was used for the same purpose in “Jamaica. “(See footnote, p. 162.)
159
160 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM U. 8. NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
As early as 1901 Dr. J. Huber, at present director of the Museu
Goeldi at Para, called attention to several rubber-yielding species of
Sapium from the Amazon basin.“ His paper was apparently ignored
by Professor Jumelle, who nevertheless gives in his book? an excel-
lent account of the Brazilian rubber-yielding fapuriv, or murupita,
which he also places, although with doubt, in the genus Sapium.
According to this author, much of the borracha, fina and entrefina,
coming into market through Manaos, and heretofore considered a
product of several species of Hevea, actually proceeds from the
tapurit, or murupita, tree.
Further investigations of Doctor Huber’ confirmed Professor Ju-
melle’s inferences and contributed several important additions to the
facts already known. At about the same time Dr. Ernst Ule?
increased by two the number of the Brazilian species of Sapium
known to produce rubber. In Ecuador and Colombia no less than
five species of this genus are known to yield good rubber, and in a
recently written article Mr. A. W. Bartlett’ states that the milk of
S. genmani Hemsl., growing in the lowlands of British Guiana, yields
a rubber of excellent quality, long known to the natives, and that this
constitutes to-day the bulk of the rubber supply of the colony. Thus
at least nine South American species of the genus Sapium are to-day
known to yield rubber, while the Central American species that have
scarcely been investigated botanically may contribute important addi-
tions to the list.
Shortly before leaving Costa Rica I received a small sample of an
apparently excellent rubber, said to have been extracted from Sapium,
or yds, trees, the exact location of which could not be given. This of
course had the effect of renewing my interest in the matter, and I
felt also stimulated to further investigations in that line by Doctor
Preuss’s discovery of several new rubber-yielding species of Sapium
on the Pacific coast of tropical South America” <A large number of
botanical specimens were collected both by myself and by my former
assistant, Mr. A. Tonduz, most of which were found to constitute new
species. ‘They were turned over to Dr. Karl Schumann for deter-
mination, but their systematic study was unfortunately interrupted
by the untimely death of that botanist, while my departure from
Costa Rica put an end to any further attempt on my part to ascertain
the economic value of these species.
« Bol. Museu Paraense (Goeldi) 3: 865-368. 1901.
bJumelle, Henri. Les plantes 4 caoutchoue et 4 gutta, exploitation, culture et
commerce dans tous Jes pays chauds. Paris, 1903.
¢ Bol. Museu Goeldi (Paraense) 4: 485, 1904-1906,
4Ule, Ernst. Kautschukgewinnung am Amazonenstrome. Berlin, 1904. The
same, Kautschukgewinnung und Kautschukhandel am Amazonenstrome. Beiheft
zum Tropenpflanzer, Januar, 1905.
e Journ. Board Agr. Brit. Guian. 1: 1-12. 1907.
J Published in his Expedition nach Central- und Stidamerika, 384-391. 1901.
MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF SAPIUM. 161
This is, I believe, enough to show on the one hand that the appar-
ent scarcity of Sapium species in and north of Costa Rica must be
attributed mainly to our deficient knowledge of the flora, and on the
other that there is really no reason why some of these unknown or
little-known Central American species should not also be found to
yield commercial rubber. It is in anticipation of further researches
on the subject that the present revision of the species known from
Middle America has been undertaken.
In the preparation of this paper I have used the material in the
United States Nationai Herbarium, and also in the collections that
were kindly loaned me by the Gray Herbarium, the Field Museum
of Natural History, Capt. John Donnell Smith, of Baltimore, and
the Instituto fisico-geogratico, of Costa Rica. The last collection con-
tained no less than seven new species, five of which had been named,
although not described, by Dr. Karl Schumann, Although it is not
unlikely that upon further investigation the number of these Costa
Rican species will need to be reduced, I prefer to maintain here
the specific divisions established by the lamented Berlin botanist.
Not long ayo one of the forms distinguished by him under the name
of S. pycnostuchys was described by Huber,” who gave it the less
desirable name of S. pittier?.
Regarding the general systematic treatment of the genus Sapium, it
must be said that it is still very imperfectly known. Not only are the
differences between the numerous species often very vaguely defined,
and many species have been included under one name, but even the
limits of the genus do not seem to be always understood, as there has
been a continual confusion between Sapium, Excoecaria, Sebastiania,
and Stillingia.’ This is due, without doubt, to the absence in most
herbaria of sufliciently extensive material.
“Bull. Herb. Boiss. IT. 6: 350. 1906.
’As understood to-day, the genus Excoecaria is limited to the Eastern Hemi-
sphere, with /. agallocha as the type species. It differs from Sapium by characters
of seemingly little importance and perhaps not yet well defined. Most of the species
are dicecious; the divisions of the male calyx are distinct, very narrow, and usually
three in number; the clusters of the male flowers and the pistillate flowers are pedi-
cellate, each cluster of the first seldom containing more than three flowers; the seeds
are smooth. Mueller of Argau (in Mart. Fl. Bras. 11°: 611-630) includes all the
American species in this genus, of which Sapium is then only a subdivision. But
this view has not been sustained by Bentham and Hooker and the more recent
writers.
Sebastiania is alsoa very near related genus, mostly from extratropical America. It
differs at first sight from Sapium by the reduced size of the plant, the absence of
petiolar and bracteal glands, the smooth seeds, and the bivalvate dehiscence of the
capsules. In Stillingia, another member of the same group, we note the absence of
the persistent axial column of the capsule and marked differences in the glandular
apparatus; also the American species of that genus are mostly extratropical and
somewhat distinct in their habits.
514386—08——?
162 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM U. 8. NATIONAL RERRARIUM.
Asa general rule, the species of Sapium are exceedingly polymor-
phic. As in Ficus, the habit of the younger trees and the size and
texture of their leaves are quite distinct from those of old individuals.
On the same tree we have often large thick leaves on the young
shoots, medium-sized and rather coarse leaves on the branchlets of
older growth, and again small, narrow, and thin leaves at the base
of the new inflorescences. The general shape, the indentation of the
margin, and the glandular apparatus vary correspondingly. And
again, between trees of the same species but growing in distinct sta:
tions, we note striking variations in the same series of characters.
But this is not all; it is very likely that most of the species, if not all,
are proterandrous, the first flowers of the season being exclusively
staminate, while a second flowering that immediately follows shows
the usual androgynous spikes. This fact has given rise to the belief
that some species are dicecious, which is certainly not the case, at
least in the species of the subgenus Husapium.
The generic name Sapium was used for the first time by Patrick
Browne in 1756, being applied to one of the Jamaican species,
although without specific designation. In the second edition of the
same work, published in 1789, the Linnean name of ///ppomane glan-
dulosa” is given as corresponding to Browne’s ‘* gum tree,” but as
early as 1762 Jacquin® had upheld Sapium as a generic name and
«The Natural History of Jamaica 338. 1756. Browne gives the following account
of the genus without reference to any species:
‘““Saprom 1.—Arboreum, foliis ellipticis, glabris, petiolis biglandulis, floribus
spicatis.
“The Gum TREE.
“Flores alii masculini, alii feminini, in iisdem spicis; illi e superiore spicae parte,
oriuntur; hi vero infra enascuntur.
‘* Mas.
“Periantium nullum. Corolla nulla. Stamina: KE singula lacuna’ biglandula
emergunt filamenta quatuor, quinque, vel sex, brevissima; antheris globosis
instructa.
‘* Femina.
“Periantium: EF lacunis paucis biglandulosis, circa basim spicae digestis, emergunt
periantia totidem ventricosa, minima quadridentata. Corolla nulla. Pistillum:
Germen oblongum, intra calicem sitaum; stylus brevis tripartitus, stigmata simplicia.
Pericarpium: Capsula subrotunda, obtuse triloba, trilocularis, seminibus tribus soli-
tariis referta.
“This tree grows te a very considerable size and yields a great quantity of resin of
a thick, sticky consistence, dirty color, opaque, and of little smell, which generally
serves for the boiling-house lamps in every part of the country where the tree is
frequent, and is much used for bird lime, which purpose it is observed to answer
extremely well. The wood is soft and coarse and not much esteemed.”’
DL. Sp. PL 1191. 1753. .
¢Enum. Pl. Carib. 31. 1762; Select. Stirp. Am. 249. 1763.
MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF SAPIUM. 1638
identified the Jamaican Sapium with his 8. awcuparium. So it hap-
pens that although Browne’s publication was not made with all the
technical requirements, Sapium is generally accepted as a well-founded
genus, and the Jamaican species, S. car/baeum of the modern botanists,
is perhaps entitled to be considered as the typical one, unless Jacquin’s
true S. aueuparium, from Cartagena, be taken, on the ground that
it seems to be the first to receive a definite binomial name under the
genus. Later, several extra- American genera—among them Triadica,
Falconeria, and Conosapium, none of which I intend to discuss here—
were referred to this genus as subgenera. This is the view taken by
Doctor Pax in his treatment of Sapium in Engler and Prantl’s Pflan-
zenfamilien.@
In its restricted sense (Eusapium) the genus under consideration
includes large trees, with alternate smooth leaves usually bearing a
pair of glands at the base of the lamina and provided with caducous
stipules. Most species, if not all, are proterandrous, having a first
bloom with only male flowers, while in a second flowering, directly
following, occur both pistillate and staminate flowers. The inflores-
cence consists of spiciform, glanduliferous, terminal or axillary
racemes, growing either solitary or in clusters. On the androgynous
spikes the pistillate flowers are always at the base.
The staminate flowers are in clusters of at least three, but mostly
more in the Central American species, each cluster under a more or
less developed bract, with a pair of large, discoid, sessile glands. The
calyx is irregularly indented or lobed and includes two or three
stamens (always two in the species here described).
The pistillate flowers are solitary under each bract, but in variable
numbers (1-16) at the base of each spike. The calyx is usually bottle-
shaped and more or less deeply divided. The ovary is superior, three-
celled, with three styles, adnate at the base, or completely free.
The fruit is a three-coccous capsule, smooth outside, dehiscent. The
seeds are single in each cell, rather rounded or lentiform, and with a
more or less distinct caruncle. The albumen is carnose.
At present the genus Sapium includes about fifty-eight recognized
species, distributed all over tropical America from Mexico to Argen-
tina, with altitudinal ranges varying between 0 and 2,500 meters. — It
is likely that a goodly number of other forms have hitherto escaped
the attention of botanists. The present paper deals only with the nine
Middle American species known to-day.
«8°: 97.
164 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM U, 8S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES.
ANALYTIC KEY,
Spikes in clusters of 3 to 5 at the ends of the branchlets.
Petiolar glands fully developed........22....--.--2222----- 1. S. pleiostachys.
Petiolar glands none or rudimentary. .............02..-2--- 2. S. anadenum,
Spikes single on each branchlet.
Leaves distinctly lanceolate.
Capsules sessile. .......2.22.22-2-----------2-2---200-- 8. So mexicanum,
Capsules pedicellate.
Apical glands well developed....2..........-- eeeee 4. 8, thelocarpuin.
Apical glands none............2.22222222-2-------- DS. pedicellatum,
Leaves short and rather broad.
Petiolar glands distinctly on margin of blade....222 2... 6. NS. pittiers,
Petiolar glands on petioles.
Spikes thick and rather short .......22222222....-- 7. S. pachystachys.
Spikes rather long and slender.
Leaves sinall, oval-elliptic, acumen reflexed.... 8. S. oligoneurimn.,
Leaves medium, broadly ovate, acumen unguli-
form ...2.2-----------222-------- 2222 eee YO. suleijerum.
1. Sapium pleiostachys Schumann « Pittier, sp. nov. Puate X. Fiaure 7.
A medium-sized or even large tree, with ascending limbs and elongated crown;
young shoots reddish, short; leaves more or less coriaceous and thick according to
age; petioles rather thick, 1.5 to 3 em, long; petiolar glands short and obtuse; leaf
blades 6 to 15 em. long, 8 to 5.5 em. broad, obovate
or oval-elliptic, cuneate or slightly rounded at base,
acuminate but with rounded, flat tip; margins
smooth at blooming time, distinctly sinuate on fruc-
tiferous twigs; secondary nerves rather close, areu-
ate, very salient on lower face; stipules small,
a b C scarious, ovate-acuminate; floral spikes androgy-
Fig, 7.—Sapium pletostachys. a, Pistil- nous, 7 to 9em. long, in terminal clusters of 3 to 5;
late flower; b,bract; ¢, stuninate pachis and other parts of inflorescence purplish-
flower. “J: . . ae
tinged; floral glands paired, diseoid; pistillate
flowers 6 to 8 at base of spikes, their involucral bracts broadly obovate, the calyx
bottle-shaped, inclosing the whole of ovary and style; ovary subsessile or very shortly
stipitate, ovate-elongated; style rather long, persistent, stigmas well-developed, spiral;
staminate flowers 6 to 8 in each cluster, the calyx of the open flowers elongated at base
in a pedicel-like tube; filaments short; anthers rather small, half-inclosed, deep
purple; anthesis successive, beginning at center of cluster; capsules sessile, smooth,
7to8 mm. high, 8 to 9 mm. in diameter; seeds lenticular, black, obscurely verrucose,
4 to 5 mm. in diameter and 3.8 to 6 mm. thick, with a slender caruncula at the apex.
Costa Rica: Forests of Golfito de Osa, close to seashore, H. Pittier, March, 1896,
flowers (Inst. fis.-geog., Costa Rica, no. 9906; U.S. National Herbarium, no. 578902,
type). Guatemala: San Felipe, Departamento Retalbuleu, altitude 700 meters, fruit,
April, 1892 (John Donnell Smith, no. 2607).
2. Sapium anadenum Pittier, sp. nov. Puate XI, Fieurr 8.
A tree 15 to 20 meters high, with horizontal limbs and rounded crown; petioles
slender, 1.5 to 8 cm. long; petiolar glands mostly absent or rudimentary; leaf blades
oval-elliptic or lanceolate, rounded at base, narrowing into a slightly incurved tip,
chartaceous, shiny on both faces, 4 to 9 em. long, 2.5 to 4em. broad, obscurely sinu-
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII PLATE X.
SAPIUM PLEIOSTAGHYS SCHUMANN & PITTIER.
Contr. Nat. Herb,, Vol. XII. PLATE Xl.
SAPIUM ANADENUM PITTIER.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XII.
SAPIUM MEXICANUM HEMSL.
MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF SAPIUM. 165
ate on the margin; floral spikes in terminal clusters of 3 to 5, androgynous or some-
times only staminate; floral glands discoid or transversly elliptic; pistillate flowers
pedicellate, 5 to 7 at base of spikes; the bracts scarious, broadly cordiform, the calyx
greenish yellow, closely contiguous to the ovary, with two acute tips, the ovary ovoid
with a short style and smaller, nearly erect, exserted stigmas; staminate flowers 6 or
7 in each cluster, pedicellate, the calyx divisions oval, pale yellow; stamens long-
exserted; filaments thick, cla-
vate; anthers small, reniform,
pale yellow or tinged with pur-
ple; capsule and seeds not
known.
Josta Rica: Hacienda Valverde
at Orosi, altitude 1,200 meters,
H. Pittier, March, 1902, flowers a b Cc a
(Inst. fis.-geog., Costa Rica, no, Fig, 8.—Sapium anadenum. a, Immature pistillate flower;
16366; U.S. National Herbarium, b, pistil; c, staminate flower; d, stamens,
no. 578045, type).
These specimens were placed with S. pachystachys by Professor Schumann, but they
differ widely from that species in the form and texture of the leaf, their clustered
spikes, and the characters of the pistillate flowers. I would rather place it near
S. pleiostachys, with which it may prove identical upon examination of more complete
material.
3. Sapium mexicanum Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. PL TV. 27: pl. 2680. 1901. Puare XII.
‘‘An entirely glabrous tree, the fructiferous branchlets being rather thick and
smooth; leaves long-petiolate, coriaceous, flexible, pale green, oblong-lanceolate, 10
to 20 em. long, including the petioles, and up to 3.5 em. broad [petioles 2.5 to 3.5
cm., leaf blades 6 to 12 em. long, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. broad, as seen by me.—H. P.], sub-
obtuse and eglandular at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base; margin minutely
ceallous-crenate in its whole length; primary lateral veins numerous, slender,
curved, obscurely connected near the margin; petioles slender, 2 to 38cm. long, with
2 thick, subglobose glands at the summit; stipules broad, squamiform, long-
persistent; spikes androgynous, simple, terminal or pseudoterminal, solitary, longer
than the leaves; bracts small, provided with peltate, oval, geminate glands; pistil-
late flowers 3 or 4 at the base of the spikes, solitary in the axils of the bracts, sessile,
the remaining flowers staminate, in clusters of 9 to 12 under each bract; styles free
from the base, thick, recurved, soon deciduous; capsules very shortly pedicellate,
ligneous, subglobose, loculicidally dehiscent from a persistent axis, about 38 mm.
in diameter when expanded, the valves at length very spreading, long-persistent;
seeds ovoid, 10 to 13 mm. long [8.1 to 8.2 mm. long, 6.1 to 6.2 mm. thick, as seen
by me.—H. P.], slightly corrugated under the cinnabar-red testa; embryo central;
cotyledons orbicular.’’—Hemsley, loc. cit.
Mexico: Lava fields near Cuernavaca, Morelos, altitude 1,500 meters, C. G. Pringle,
no. 6336, June 17 and September 23, 1896, flowers; C. G. Pringle, no. 13195, June 8,
1904, flowers and fruit; E. W. D. Holway, no. 3517, September 28, 1899, fruit (Gray
Herbarium). Huber“ has suggested the substitution of the name S. macrocarpum
Sw. for S. mexicanum Hemsl. But I do not feel altogether convinced that the short
and incomplete description of Swartz applies more to the very complete materials
of the species collected by Pringle and Holway than to Huber’s new species, 8.
pedicellatum. In view of the doubt, I find it advisable to maintain Hemsley’s name.
Until better material has been supplied, Sapiuwm lateriflorum Hemsl.? must be con-
sidered as a species of doubtful standing. Hemsley himself hesitates as to the
4Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 6: 352, 1906.
> Hook. Ie. Pl. IV. 27: under pl. 2680. 1901.
166 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM U. 8S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
validity of the main specific character given by him, i. e., the laterality of the
spikes, and in referring to a genus that is so noteworthy for individual variations in
the form and size of the leaves still less weight should be given to characters taken
from these. The remaining parts of the description apply in a general way to sev.
eral of the Central American species.
4. Sapium thelocarpum Schumann & Pittier, sp. nov. Puate XIII.
A tree often reaching 20 meters in height, with horizontal or slightly ascending
limbs; new growth leaves rather large; petioles slender, 1.5 to 3 mm. long, with
petiolar glands 1 mm. long, some 2 mm. distant from the lamina; lamina broadly
elliptic, 7 to 14 cm. long, 4 to 7 cm. broad, rounded at base, obtusely acuminate, its
margin obtusely sinuate; leaves of floral twigs obovate, 7 to 14 em. long, 2 to 4 em.
broad, long-cuneate or rounded at base, abruptly acuminate with a well-developed
gland on upper surface of incurvate tip; margin obscurely sinuate-serrate and revolute;
larger secondary nerves rather distant, arcuate, forming a fine, prominent network
on the lower, paler green face of the blade; spikes single, terminal, reaching 22 cm.
in length, androgynous, with 3 to 4 pistillate flowers at base of each spike or only
male; bracts not over 1 mm. long, ovate-acuminate; ovary distinctly pear-shaped;
style persistent; staminate flowers very small, in clusters of 5 or less, with orbicular
glands at base; capsules stipitate, 4 or less on each spike, pyriform, apparently with
only 2 fertile cells; mature seeds not known.
Costa Rica: Along Rio Ciruelas, on the southern slope of Barba Volcano, altitude
about 1,800 meters, A. Tonduz, young shoot with unusually large leaves (Inst. ffs.-
geog. Costa Rica, no. 2219); hedges at La Verbena, near San José, altitude 1,100
meters, A. Tonduz, August, 1894, fruit (U.S. National Herbarium, no. 578901, type;
Inst. fis.-geog. Costa Rica, no. 8857); along Rio Torres near San José, altitude 1,100
meters, A. Tonduz, July, 1896, young fruits and male flowers (Inst. ffs.-geog. Costa
Rica, no. 10112).
The late Doctor Schumann labeled with the above name only no. 8857, while he
named no. 101128. biglandulosum Mill. Arg. This last number does not agree with
Muller’s description, and I fail to find a difference between the two specimens except
that in 10112 the leaf indentation is perhaps less obtuse and the base of the blade more
rounded and broader. The specimens of both numbers agree in their other charac-
ters and to my knowledge both represent the one common species met with almost
everywhere in the valley known as the Central Plateau of Costa Rica. The same
can be said of no, 2219, placed by Schumann in a third species, S. aucuparium Jacq.
This specimen consists merely of young leaves of what is certainly, according to my
experience, the species just described. Insufficient attention has perhaps been paid
to the fact that Sapium, like Ficus, Castilla, and some other trees, has much larger
leaves on shoots or on young specimens than on the adult individuals
5. Sapium pedicellatum Huber, Bull. Herb. Boiss. Il. 6: 352.1906. Phare XTV.
A medium-sized tree with generally elongated erown, the limbs ascending; petioles
8 to 18 mm. long, the glands elongate, cylindrical; leaf blades membranaceous and
tender on the young floral shoots, coriaceous later, almost uniformly elliptic-lanceo-
late, 4 to 9 em, long, 1.5 to 83cm. broad, more or less acute at base and pointed at
the glandless tip; the margin smooth in young leaves, distinctly serrulate in the
mature ones; the secondary nerves numerous, more or less prominent on the upper
face according to the age of leaf; floral branchlets slender and not ramified, growing
profusely on the thick, succulent twigs of the preceding year; floral spikes lateral or
terminal, androgynous or only staminate, probably in part caducous, 7 to 9 em.
long; floral glands oval; staminate flowers generally 5 in each cluster, the bracts
broad and very short, the perianth divisions acute, the stamens connate only at base,
their filaments thickened at the middle, the anthers cordate; pistillate flowers, when
present, | to + at base of each spike; ovary distinctly stipitate and shortly mucro-
Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XIII.
a}
SAPIUM THELOCARPUM SCHUMANN & PITTIER.
Contr. Nat. Herb,, Vol. XI PLATE XIV,
SAPIUM PEDICELLATUM HUBER.
PLATE XV.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XI
SAPIUM PITTIER] HUBER.
MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPECIES OF SAPIUM. 167
nate; capsules slightly rugose outside, ligneous, dehiscent, rather large, the pedicels 6
to 8 mm. long; seeds ovoid, 5 to 6 mm. long, 4.5 mm. thick, finely tuberculate, cari-
nate at the end, this marked in the middle by a spiny tip.
Mexico: Colima, altitude about 500 meters, Dr. E. Palmer, no. 92, July, 1897.
(Econ. Herb. U. 8. Department of Agriculture; U. 8. National Herbarium, no.
305158. ) ;
The salient character of this species seems to be its extreme variability, making it
difficult to give a very accurate description. Still, the rather long pedicels of the
mature capsules and the form of the seed are pretty constant and constitute a sharply
defined departure from the other Central American species. The seed characters
appear again, with more or less variation, in S. mexicanum and in the only species
known from Guatemala, the close aflinity of these forms being thus made evident.
b
FIG, 9.—Sapium pittier’ a, Leaf; b, leaf base, showing glands; ¢, seeds.
In Hemsley’s description of S. /eferiflorum several particulars are mentioned that
can be found also in specimens of S. pedicellatum, as the thick floriferous branchlets
with thick pith, the lateral spikes with leafy peduncles, etc. But the former species
decidedly differs by the striking size of its leaves and its axillary spikes.
6. Sapium pittieri Huber, Bull. Herb. Boiss. I]. 6:350. 1906.
Puate XV. Ficure 9.
Tree 6 to 8 meters high, with yellowish gray branchlets; petioles about 1.5 em. long,
canaliculate, the glands on the margin of the base of the lamina; leaf blades 5 to 7 cm.
long, 4 to 5 em. broad, subcoriaceous, broadly elliptic, abruptly contracted at base,
shortly but broadly acuminate with a slightly inflexed acumen; margin revolute,
entire; secondary nerves moderately distant, prominent on the upper face; spikes
terminal; capsules subsessile, or with very short (1 mm. long) pedicels, mucronate,
168 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM U. 8. NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
3-celled, smooth and crustaceous, its polar axis apparently longer than or nearly
equal to the equatorial diameter; seeds lenticular, 3.7 mm. thick, 5.1 mm. in diame-
ter, white; tubercles disposed on upper surface of seed in prominent, concentric lines.
Costa Rica: Western slope of La Carpintera, between Tres Rios and Cartago, at an
altitude of about 1,700 meters, H. Pittier and A. Tonduz, May 2, 1891, fruit (Inst. fis.-
geog. Costa Rica, no. 4344).
Professor Schumann (in schedula) called this species S. pycnostachys, and it is
unfortunate that this name can not be retained, as it referred to the thick-set appear-
ance of the fructiferous spike. The species is closely allied to S. oligoneurum and
S. anadenum and consequently to 8. aereum and its South American associates; it
differs from the first two by the peculiar disposition of the petiolar glands, and from
S. anadenum in particular by its subsessile, longer capsule, the outer shell of which
is also thinner and smoother,
7. Sapium pachystachys Schumann « Pittier, sp. nov. Piatt XVI.
Small tree with thick, short trunk, 40 cm, in diameter, and more or less depressed
crown, the primary limbs mostly horizontal; stipules ovate-lanceolate, acuminate;
petioles thick, sulcate, 1 to 2 em. long; petiolar glands rather short and thick, con-
tiguous with the blade; leaf blades 8 to 9 em. long, 4 to 5 em. broad, coriaceous,
oval-elliptic, rounded at base and with obtuse acumen, paler below; margin revo-
lute; secondary nerves arcuate, prominent on both faces; floral spikes terminal,
single, androgynous, thick; floral glands elliptic, 2 at base of each pistillate flower
and at base of each group of staminate flowers, the latter in clusters of 3 to 5; sta-
mens half-included in calyx; filaments thick and short; anthers as broad as long;
pistillate flowers 8 to 10 at base of spikes, each flower with ovate-acuminate scales 3
to 3.5mm, long and 4mm. broad, their margins membranous and transparent; calyx
tubiform, yellowish white, enveloping the ovary and style as far as the forking of
the stigmas; ovary slightly depressed, 2.5 mm. in diameter, 1.5 mm. high, distinetly
pedicellate; style 2 mm. long; stigmas thick, rather long (about 3 mm.), nearly
straight, spreading; capsule and seed unknown.
Costa Rica: Small tree growing isolated in pastures at El Copey, Dota Mountains,
altitude 1,800 meters, A. Tonduz, February, 1898, flowers (Inst. ffs.-geog. Costa Rica,
no, 11875; U.S. National Herbarium no. 333961, type).
8. Sapium oligoneurum Schumann « Pittigr, sp. nov. Piate XVII.
A tree about 12 meters high, with elongated crown and slender habit; petioles
thin, 1 to2 em. long; petiolar glands rather long and eylindrical, inserted at the
beginning of the expansion of the lamina; leaf blades 3 to 7 em. long, 2 to 3 em.
broad, ovate to ovate-elliptic, the base shortly cuneate, then rounded, the apical
gland well developed on a narrow involute acumen, the margin sinuate, obscurely cre-
nate, the nerves few; spikes often as much as 14 em. long, single, terminal with a few
pistillate flowers at base; floral glands elliptic-elongate; staminate flowers in clusters
of 5 to 7, one of them opening at a time; bracts broad and short, with rounded
scarious upper margin; perianth broadly open; filaments slender; anthers small,
Costa Rica: Along upper road going from the railroad station at Cartago to Cot,
near San Rafael, altitude 1,500 meters, H. Pittier, July, 1899 (Inst. ffs.-geog. Costa
Rica, no, 13408; U. 8. National Herbarium, no, 578903, type).
This species is maintained, subject to revision when better information is secured,
on the authority of Schumann, notwithstanding the deficient material at hand. The
form of the leaves, if not their reduced size, and the apical gland suggest S. aereum
Klotzsch, but for the metallic sheen, which seems to be a constant character of the
leaves in the latter species. Also, the wide distance between the reported stations is
opposed to the identity of the two species, the known forms having almost always
very limited ranges
Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. XI. PLATE XVI.
SAPIUM PACHYSTACHYS SCHUMANN & PITTIER.
PLATE XVII.
XU.
Vol.
Nat. Herb.,
Contr.
SAPIUM OLIGONEURUM SCHUMANN & PITTIER.
MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN SPEOIES OF SAPIUM. 169
9. Sapium sulciferum Pittier, sp. nov. Fiaure 10.
A medium-sized tree with flattened crown; branchlets grayish, longitudinally
striate; stipules small, ovate; petioles 1 to 2 cm. long, and rather slender; petiolar
glands small, roundish, at the attenuate base of the blade; leaf blades 5 to 8 cm.
long, 2.5 to 4 em. broad, coriaceous, paler on the lower side, oval-elliptic, shortly
attenuate, ending in an obtusely angular tip, the margin obscurely sinuate; spikes
androgynous, lateral or in clusters (generally 4) at the ends of limbs; floral glands
deciduous; pistillate flowers numerous (16), part remaining undeveloped; staminate
part of spike caducous, the fructiferous part 5 to 8 em. long; capsules 9 to 10 mm.
in diameter, 7 to 8 mm. high, coriaceous, distinctly pedicellate, depressed, ending
with the terete base of the style; seeds lenticular, 3.5 mm. thick, 5 mm. in diameter,
tuberculate, reddish brown.
Fig. 10.-—Sapium sulciferum. a, Leaf; b, leaf base, showing glands; c, fruits; d, seeds.
Costa Rica, along the main road at La Palma, in the zone of perennial rainfall,
altitude 1,500 meters, A. Tonduz, August 15, 1898, fruit (Inst. fis.-geog. Costa Rica,
no. 12428; U. 8. National Herbarium, no, 577588, type).
This number is cited by Hemsley @ as near to S. aereum Klotzsch, from Peru,
‘“but the leaves want the metallic sheen, the persistent base of the styles is terete,
and the brown seeds are only about half as large as those of S. aereum.’’? Moreover,
the leaves are smallerand their apical glands less developed, the union of the petiole
and the lamina forms a small, infundibuliform groove, on the margins of which the
petiolar glands stand, and the capsules are smaller with a shorter polar axis.
«Hook. Ic. PL IV. 27%: under pl. 2682,
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PLANTS FROM
COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA
By HENRY PITTIER
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
IssuEeD JANUARY 22, 1909
PREFACE.
The accompanying paper by Mr. Henry Pittier, of the United
States Department of Agriculture, contains descriptions of some new
species and other noteworthy plants, selected from several collections
which have recently come into the possession of the United States
National Museum. These collections form a most valuable addition
to the herbarium, and their richness in new and rare species
emphasizes the need of still further field work in tropical America
and the more extensive study of the plants already collected.
J. N. Ross,
Acting Curator.
lil
CONTENTS.
New or Noteworthy Plants from Colombia and Central America........-
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATES.
Facing page.
Piate XVIII. Myginda eucymosa Loesener & Pittier.. .......----
XIX. Carpotroche platyptera Pittier...
TEXT FIGURES.
Fic. 11. Flower parts and tooth of leaf of Phyllonoma tenurdens .
12. Flower and flower parts of Phyllonoma triflora.....-..-.-. £.
13. Leaf and flower parts of /Tippocratea obovata..........--------
14. Leaf parts of Carpotroche glaucescens.....-----+--
15. Flower and fruit of Carpotroche platyptera....0..0.--- 0 --6 +05 vere
16. Leaf parts of Carpotroche platy ptera ......-.---+------ ee
17. Flower parts of Carpotroche crassiramed.....- ~~~ +--+ 225252572 r eee
18. Leaf margin of Carpotroche crassiramea .-..-.- +++ -
19. Ovary and stamen of Aegiphila anomala. ...-.-- 0-0 ++ 02-002
NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND
CENTRAL AMERICA.
By Henry Pirrier.
The present paper includes descriptions of a few plants from collec-
tions made mainly in the course of my explorations in Costa Rica
from 1887 to 1903, and of others obtained more recently in Guatemala
and Colombia in connection with investigations conducted on behalf
of the United States Department of Agriculture.
The two species from Colombia, Roupala ferruginea and Phyllan-
thus salviaefolius, are old, but have remained little known; addi-
tional specimens permit several interesting facts to be added to the
original descriptions by Kunth. The discovery in Costa Rica of two
new species of Phyllonoma bridges a gap in the geographical distri-
bution of a genus which has hitherto appeared widely interrupted, as
its previously known members came from Peru and Colombia on the one
side and from central Mexico on the other. The three Costa Rican
species of Carpotroche show the extension toward the west and north
of a genus thus far considered almost exclusively Brazilian. The
remaining species, besides being new, have several interesting features
which are noted in connection with the descriptions. JI am greatly
indebted to Dr. Th. Loesener, of the Berlin Royal Herbarium, for
his help in the identification of Myginda eucymosa.
Roupala ferruginea H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 153. pl. 120. 1817.
A small tree, with alternate limbs, the younger branchlets, petioles, main and
secondary veins, peduncles and pedicels ferruginose-tomentose.
Leaves alternate, petiolate; petioles rather thick, 1 cm. long; leaf-blade firm,
rounded at base, ovate, more or less acute, pale green and subglabrous above, brownish
white and delicately reticulate-venose beneath.
Racemes axillary, pedicellate, the pedicels 3 mm. long, adnate at base. Perianth
7 to8 mm. long, glabrous outside, longitudinally striate. Stamens glabrous; filaments
5 mm. long, flattened, adhering to sepals; anthers ovate-elliptic, about 2 mm. long;
end of connective rounded, scarcely surpassing the anthers. Pollen grains about
0.027 mm. in diameter, tetrahedral with a round nucleus. Glandular appendages
at base of pistil glabrous, square at tip; pistil 7 mm. long; ovary ovate, hairy;
style claviform.
CotomsB1A: Loma Gorda near Jambalé, Department of Cauca, at an altitude of
2.400 meters, H Pittier, no. 1451, flowers February 5, 1906 (U. S. National Herba-
rium no. 531649).
171
172 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The leaves of these specimens are uniformly rounded at the base and ovate and
more or less acute at the tip, while those of the type are described as **obovato-
oblongis basi angustatis.’’ Moreover the racemes appear to be single and not
geminate. But these small differences would not, apparently, justify the separation
of the Jambal6 form as a new species.
Phyllonoma tenuidens Pittier, sp. nov. Figure 11.
A bushy tree, 2 to 3 meters high, with erect, glabrous limbs and branchlets. Older
branchlets longitudinally striped with brownish white, irregular bands apparently
due to the splitting of the dark brown bark.
Foliage very dense. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, glabrous: petioles canaliculate,
slender, 7 to 10 mm. long. Leaf blades 5 to 7 cm. long, 2 to 3 em. broad, elliptic,
cuneate, long-acuminate, rather thin, discolorous: primary vein prominent under-
ry
{%
wo,
es
TS]
uy
Fia. 11.—F lower parts and tooth of leaf of Phyllonoma tenuidens. a, Segment of leaf with tooth; b,
floral bud; ¢, lobe of calyx; d, petal; e, stamen; /, style; g, seed. a, Natural size; b-g, scale 18.
neath, the secondary ones very slender, regular, minutely anastomosing, apparent on
both faces; margin revolute, serrate from near the base by numerous regular and
very slender teeth.
Inflorescence inserted on the blade, 1 cm. or more from the base of the acumen,
cymose, and generally formed of 2 clusters of 4 flowers cach on very short, squamose
peduncles. Bracts at base of pedicels broadly ovate and subulate. Pedicels of
mature flowers pubescent, seldom over 1.4 mm. long. Prefloration valvate.
Flowers very small. Sepals glabrous, broadly triangular, about 0.5 mm. long,
with one minute tooth on each side. Petals 1.4 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, lanceolate-
acuminate, yellow. Stamens 1 to 1.2 mm. long, filaments broader at base: cells of
the anthers ovate, full. Hornlike styles about 0.5 mm. long.
Usually a single, small, pedicellate berry at each inflorescence, the diameter about
4.5 mm., the length 5.5 mm. Seeds usually 5 in each berry, ovate or ovate-elongate,
about 1.5 to 2 mm. long, reddish brown, densely covered with conical tubercles.
Costa Rica: Cuesta de los Borucas, on the mountain road leading from San Marcos
de Dota to the Diquis Valley, altitude 2,900 meters; H. Pittier, flowers and fruit,
January, 1897 (Instituto ffs.-geog. Costa Rica, no. 10552; type U. 8. National
Herbarium no. 578896).
PITTIER—PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 173
Phyllonoma triflora Pittier, sp. nov. Figure 12,
A bushy shrub or small tree, 2 to 3 meters high. Branchlets ascending, flexuous,
glabrous.
Leaves numerous, alternate, exstipulate, glabrous. Petioles 7 to 8 mm. long, can-
aliculate, decurrent in two narrow wings; leaf blades 6 to 7 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 cm. broad,
elliptic, acute at base, long-acuminate, coriaceous,
yellowish green above, pale green beneath; primary
vein apparent as a dark line above, very promi-
nent beneath; secondary veins anastomosing along
the margin, and connected by numerous transverse,
ramified venules, forming a prominent network
on the upper face of the leaf, but scarcely visible
underneath; margins subrevolute, entire for the
first third of their length, with acute, distant teeth
on the upper two-thirds, these usually 4 on one side
and 5 on the other side.
Inflorescence in sessile clusters of 3 flowers each
on the midvein of the blade, at about two-thirds
: : Phyllonoma triflora. a, Open flower;
of the total length of the leaf from the base of , petal: c, d, stamens; e, style and
the petiole. upper section of disk. a-e, Scale 18.
Flowers pedicellate, very small, greenish yellow,
opening in succession. Pedicels about 2 mm. long, gradually thickening toward the
upper end, glabrous, with a small rounded bract at base of each. Lobes of calyx
short, broadly triangular, acute. Petals 1.5 mm. broad at base, ovate-triangular with
rounded tips. Stamens short, glabrous, inflected on the disk before anthesis, hang-
ing between the petals later; filaments subulate; anthers broadly ovate-cordate,
basifix. Disk large, yellow, covering the ovary and concrescent with it. Ovary
inferior, two-celled (?); style none; stigmas 2, short, emerging from the disk. Ovules
ventrifix, 3 or 4 in each cell.
Berry globose, fleshy, shortly pedicellate, showing at the top the 5 teeth of the con-
crescent calyx and the two stigmas. Seeds 3 to 6, subreniform, with a coarse, brown
aril, about 2.5 mm. long.
Costa Rica: La Palma, in the Central Cordillera, altitude 1,500 meters, H. Pittier,
flowers and fruits, October, 1902 (Instituto ffs.-geog. Costa Rica no. 16553; type
U.S. National Herbarium no. 578054).
The type of the genus is Phyllonoma ruseifolia Willd., a species from Peru, elabo-
rately described and figured by Kunth” under the name of Dulongia acuminata, In
1858, Turezaninow published two species; one, collected by Galeotti (no. 7197) in
the forests of Oaxaca, Mexico, at an altitude of 1,700 to 2,000 meters, he named Dilongia
laticuspis; the other, a native of the mountains of Pamplona in the Colombian Depart-
ment of Santander, whence it was brought by Funk and Schlim (no. 1657), is his
D. wntegerrima.
The first species differs from the type mainly by the indentation of the margin, which
begins near the base, instead of being limited to the upper third, and also by its
acumen ‘‘articulate on the blade, and parted to the main nerve.’’ In the U.38.
National Herbarium there is a species brought from around Teponapa, in the moun-
tains near Papalo (State of Oaxaca, Mexico), where it grows at an altitude of 500
meters above sea level (collected by Gonzalez and Conzatti, no. 764), that agrees
with Turezaninow’s description as to the indentation of the leaf, but does not show
any distinctive character in its long and acutely pointed tips. It differs also from
P. ruscifolia in having the inflorescences affixed at the base of the acumen, and not
on the blade proper; the marginal teeth, moreover, instead of being broad and short,
as shown in the H. B. K. plate, are narrow and finely mucronate. In all probability
these specimens correspond to Dilongia laticuspis Turcz.
Fig. 12.—Flower and flower parts of
ain H.B. kK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 7: 76. pl. 623, 1826.
59879—09——2
174 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Dulongia integerrima Turcz. differs from Willdnenow’s species by its leaves being
periectly entire, twice as large, and one-half as broad as in that species; the stigmas,
also, are said to be supported by very short styles. Dr. Britton referred to this species
Rusby’s no. 2521 collected at Mapiri, Bolivia. In the specimen of this collection at
hand almost every leaf bears a few irregularly placed teeth: they are larger, but never
twice as large, and decidedly not one-half broader (if a little so), as in D. laticuspis.
In the only flower that was available for study, there were 3 stigmas, this being with-
- out doubt an anomaly, but they were just as sessile as in D. acuminata and D. lati-
cuspis, Taking into consideration, also, the wide distance that separates the two
localities where the specimens were collected, I feel inclined to consider Rusby’s
plant a distinct species; but I must refrain from describing it as such, on account
of the insufficiency of material at hand.
Following the law of priority, the name Dulongia was dropped and Phyllonoma
maintained by Bentham and Hooker. - Also the genus was transferred from the Celas-
traceae, where it had been placed by Kunth, to the Saxifragaceae, to which it belongs
by a majority of its structural characters.
Dr. Engler@ admits only two species, viz, P. ruscifolia Willd., of New Granada
(Colombia), which he characterizes by its entire leaves and longer pedicellate flowers,
and P. laticuspis (Turez.) Engler with serrate leaves and short-pedicellate flowers,
from the high mountains of Mexico. This evidently leaves out the species of the
Nova Genera et Species, minutely described by Kunth, apparently from the same
specimens as those on which Willdenow established h's species. Should this view
be maintained, there would now be the following species: 7. ruscifolia Willd.=P,
( Dulongia) integerrma Turcz., with entire leaves; 1’. laticuspis (Turcz.) Engler, serrate
on almost the whole margin of the leat; ?. (Dulongia) acuminata H. B. K., serrate on
the upper half of the leaf only; Rusby’s species with subentire leaves; and lastly the
two Costa Rican species here described, that differ from all the others more than these
among themselves. On account of the scarcity of material in the European and
American collections, the true status of the doubtful forms can scarcely be determined
at present.
Phyllanthus salviaefolius H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 117. pl. 107. 108. 1817.
Phyllanthus floribundus WW. B. K., loc. cit.
Kirganelia salviaefolia Spreng. Syst. 3: 48. 1828.
Oxalistylis kunthiana Baill. Etud. Gen. Euphorb. 629. pl. 24. fig. 15-19. 1858.
A small tree about 3 meters high, with numerous, alternate, tortuose, almost. hori-
zontal limbsand a depressed crown. Pseudo-branchlets 15 to 25 cm. long, caducous,
obscurely 4-angled, covered, like the ends of the permanent branches, with dense,
furfuraceous, brownish hairs, and provided at the base with 3 ovate, acute, stipule-
like scales.
Leaves alternate or distichous, petiolate, with narrow, pointed stipules, 6 to 7 mm.
long; petioles short (4 to5mm.), hairy; leaf blades 4 to8 cm. long, 2 to3cm. broad,
ovate-oblong, rounded or subcordate at base, narrowing gradually to an acute tip,
densely furfuraceous beneath, more or less smooth above except on main nerves;
primary and secondary veins hirsute and very apparent on both sides, the latter
regularly alternate, arcuate and parallel.
Flowers diclinous, forming short-pedunculate, compound corymbs in the axils of
leaves, each secondary cluster made up of I, 2, or more pistillate flowers, accompanied
by | to 3 staminate flowers, all together surrounded at base of pedicels by an involucre
of generally 4, lanceolate, hirsute bracts, the larger of which are about 5 mm. long.
Staminate flowers small; pedicels glabrous, 3 to 5mm. long. Sepals 6 in two alter-
nate circles of 3, each 1.5 mm. long, | mm. broad, ovate-oblong, with slightly narrower
claw. Disk cupuliform, plicate; stamens 3 to 9; filaments connate at base in a cylin-
drical column 0.5 mm. long, then free and unequal; connective broadened; anthers
bilocular, each cell opening longitudinally.
@In Engl. & Prantl, Pllanzenfam. 378: 88. 1890.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLaTe XVIII.
MYGINDA EUCYMOSA LOESENER & PITTIER,
PITTIER—-PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 175
Pistillate flowers larger, on glabrous pedicels 25 to 35 mm, long, these capillary, but
thickening slightly just below the flower. Perianth 6-partite, reddish or purplish,
glabrous, with ovate divisions about 5 mm. long, rounded at tip and each marked with
3 dark, branched veins. Disk cupuliform, rather broad, obscurely 6-lobate. Pistil
glabrous, 5 to 6 mm. long; ovary subglobose, 3-locular, and surmounted by a style
first forming a short (about 1.5 mm.) column, and then dividing into generally 3 or
sometimes only 2, or again very rarely 4 branches, each ending in a subflabellate,
crenate-lobate, deep purple stigma.
“Capsule of the size of a pea, 3-coccous, depressed-globose, 6-sulcate, smooth,
brownish, inclosed in the persistent, subequal perianth and crowned by the style;
cells 2-spermous. Seeds triangulate, longitudinally striate, glabrous, brownish.’’@
Bitoncd, in Moras Valley, in the Central Cordillera of Colombia, at an altitude of
2.500 m. above sea level, H. Pittier, no. 1322, flowers, February 3, 1906 (U. 8. National
Herbarium nos. 531520 and 531521). It grows in clusters around houses and if not
semicultivated is at least tolerated on account of its uses.
General distribution, Andes of Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela.
Local names, tefidero; Paez language, Sal.
Although this interesting species has been thoroughly described by several authors
besides the original, I venture here to give a new description based on the specimens
mentioned above, except for the characters of the seeds,-which I have not seen.
This plant, along with the several species of Castilla, belongs to that imperfectly
known series of tropical trees which, besides the usual ramification, bear other append-
ages that come midway between a branchlet and a leaf, and that may be called either
pseudo-branchlets or pseudo-leaves. Asa matter of fact they are more like compound
leaves, and in Phyllanthus salviacfolius they even show at their base stipule-like
scales; to make the likeness greater it may be added that they are shed once a year,
like the true leaves in deciduous trees, But on the other hand, their insertion on the
limbs of the tree seems to be more tike the insertion of a true branchlet, and in the
axils of their leaflets they bear the inflorescences, thus playing the role of true branch-
lets. This peculiarity seems to have been first observed on the Castilloa of the Isthmus
of Panama, by Robert Cross, who claims to have noticed the same phenomenon on
several other tropical trees. It would be interesting to make a list of these and on
that account the attention of future collectors is called to that striking feature of
tropical vegetation.
As the styles are usually trifid, only occasionally bifid, and very seldom quadrifid,
Phyllanthus salviaefolius should perhaps not come under Series I], but under Series I,
in the systematic arrangement as given by Pax in the Pflanzenfamilien.6 More-
over, the dehiscence of the anther cells is not transverse, but clearly longitudinal, as
already stated by Bonpland and Kunth.
The Paez Indians, in the mountainous valleys surrounding the Paéramo de Moras,
in the Central Cordillera of Colombia, use the decoction of the leaves to dye the wool
of their sheep, which they use for their clothing. The black color thus obtained is
said to be firm and lasting.
Myginda eucymosa Loesener & Pittier, sp. nov. Pirate XVIII.
A small tree 2 to’5 meters high, with dichotomous, erect ramification. Flowering
branchlets slender, flattened at the ends, glabrous.
Leaves petiolate, glabrous, opposite, each pair set at right angles with the adjoining
pairs. Petioles about 5 mm. long, canaliculate. Leaf blades 4.5 to 7.5 em. long, 2 to
4 cm. broad, elliptic-ovate to ovate-oblong, broadly cuneate, acuminate, dark green
above, paler beneath; main and secondary veins slightly prominent on lower face;
margin obscurely revolute, obsoletely serrulate with very minute, caducous, appressed,
nigrescent teeth.
Inflorescence distinctly cymose and profusely ramified, solitary, axillary, and not
quite as long as the leaves or much shorter. Bracts narrow and acute, opposite,
oH. Be K, | loc. cit. b Enel. ‘& Prantl, Planzenfam. 3°: 18-23, 1890.
176 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
minutely hairy when seen with a strong glass, each ending in a callose tooth, very
small, deep orange-red at tip. Peduncles and pedicels also minutely hairy; main
peduncles 2 to 3.5 cm. long, floral pedicels 1 to 1.5 mm. long.
Flowers numerous, tetramerous, of a yellow-green color. Sepals distinct in two
opposite pairs, orbicular, | mm. long, hairy outside. Petals obovate, 2 to 2.5 mm.
long, 1.6 mm. broad, attenuate into a short claw. Disk cupuliform, thick, divided
into 4 segments. Stamens | mm. long, alternate with the segments of the disk; fila-
ments slender, erect; anthers subreniform, of a deep orange-red color, Pistil glabrous;
ovary semiinferior, globose, 2-celled, the cells 1-ovulate; style 0.4 mm. long, divid-
ing at tip into 2 flat, rounded stigmas.
GUATEMALA: Department of Alta Verapaz, along the Cahabon River between
Chimaxte and Cajval, altitude 200 meters, II. Pittier, no. 239, flowers, May 4, 1905 (U.S.
National Herbarium no. 472895, type); on the hills around Secanquim, altitude 550
meters, H. Pittier, no. 301, flowers, May 9, 1905(U. 8. National Herbarium no, 472964).
This new species is intermediate between M. uragoga Jacq. and M. gaumeri Loesener.
It is somewhat like the first in habit, but differs obviously from it by being almost
entirely glabrous and in having larger leaves and more developed inflorescences.
From MM. gaumeri it is easily distinguished by its elongate, smooth branchlets, obovate
petals, and bifid style.
EXPLANATION of PLATE XVIII,—a, Flowering branchlet; b, cyme; c, bract; d, tip of same enlarged
to show terminal gland; ¢, petal; f, stamens; g, ovary and disk. a, Scale 4: b, ¢, e, f, scale 9; d, larger.
Hippocratea (Cuervea) obovata Pittier, sp. nov. Figure 13.
A small tree with divaricate limbs;
floral branchlets opposite, short, thick,
ry é almost perpendicular to their axis.
Leaves opposite or in pairs at end of
branchlets, petioles 3 to 4 mm. long,
suleate, hispidulous. Leaf blade 5 to
10 em. long, 2 to 3 cm. broad, gla-
brous, discolor, i. e., light green above
and pale brown beneath, obovate, or
obovate-elliptic, narrow and distinctly
rounded, broadly pointed; margin ob-
as scurely sinuate, secondary nerves sub-
opposite, generally 9 pairs on each leaf,
arcuate and connected near margin.
Inflorescence forming terminal di-
chotomous cymes with 4 to 6 main mi-
nutely hispid peduncles 15 mm, long.
Pedicels short, hispid, with minute
ao bractlets at base. Sepals 5, ovate-
7 ft acuminate, 1.5 mm, long, 1.2. mm.
é
a
broad, finely hispidulous or hirsute,
ciate. Petals 5, ovate-elliptic, 4mm.
long, 2.6 mm. broad, thick, carnose,
aL fe f pale yellow and smooth, with a gland
g§ opening in one or two longitudinal
Fig. 13.—Leafand flower parts of Hippocratea obovata. slits on the upper face; disk obscurely
a, Leaf; b, sepal; c,d, e, forms of petal; f, ovary and 5-lobed, cupuliform, carnose, about |
asks o front an eae view of stamen. a, Natural mm. deep. Stamens 3. inserted inside
Sizes 0 Fog, enlarged. the disk, filaments short, triangular,
nearly 1 mm. broad at base and | to 1.2. mm. long; anthers extrorse, as broad or
broader than the filaments. Ovary depressed, obscurely trilobulate; ovules not more
than 6 in each cell; style very short; stigma indistinct. Fruit not known.
PITTIER—-PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 177
Costa Rica: Along roads on the peninsula of Nicoya, Tonduz, flowers, April,
1900 (Instituto fis.-geog. Costa Rica no. 13891; type U. 8. National Herbarium no.
472375).
This species differs from H. setulifera (Miers) Hemsl., with which it was associated
by Mr. Donnell Smith, in having its floral branchlets generally opposite, the leaves
much narrower, and the peduncles longer, and in other minor characters.
Carpotroche Endl.
There are here to be described three new Costa Rican species of this genus, the
hitherto known species of which are confined to the eastern part of tropical South
America. Of the new species one ((. platyptera), at least, is rather common in the
shady, damp forests of the Atlantic plains and lower hills of Costa Rica, and will doubt-
less be found also in Panama and in the zone of permanent rains in the northern part
of Colombia. No reason can be assigned why these interesting trees have so long
escaped the attention of botanists, unless it be the difficulty of collecting them, on
account of their large, bunched leaves, all crowded toward the ends of the branchlets.
The genus Carpotroche was based by Endlicher¢ on Mayna_ brasiliensis Raddi.®
Mayna itself is an obscure genus, incompletely defined by Aublet, and Zuccarini ¢
had already stated that Raddi’s plant, which he carefully described, had been wrongly
included in it and should form a genus by itself, mainly differing by its winged fruits,
but also by a few floral characters.
Endlicher’s elaborate description of the new genus founded by him at Zuccarini’s
suggestion was modified by Bentham & Hooker on account of the introduction of
several new species, also detached from Mayna. In 1845, Poeppig and Endlicher ¢
described and figured their C. ( Mayna) longifolia (Poepp.) Benth., the first known of
the truly dieecious species of the genus. In his revision of the genus in 1861, Bentham
transferred this last species from Mayna into its right place, included the new C. gran-
diflora Spruce, but ignored C. amazonica Mart., the description of which was published
ior the first time in 1871.¢ These additions caused important changes to be made in
Bentham & Hooker’s/ definition of the genus, and this was further modified, although
not in its essential parts, by Warburg.g The further addition of the three new Costa
Rican species makes it necessary to introduce again a few minor changes. The follow-
ing definition including these amendments will cover every one of the 7 species at
present known:
Flowers unisexual, seldom polygamous. Prefloration imbricate. Sepals 2 or 3,
persistent. Petals 4 to 12, in two rows. Staminate flowers numerous. lacking even
the rudiments of a pistil. Stamens hairy, inserted on a scarcely thickened torus;
filaments short; anthers linear, 2-celled, free or connected at base, opening in a longi-
tudinal slit. Pistillate flowers solitary, often larger than the staminate, lacking any
rudiments of stamens. Ovary superior, l-celled, with 4 to 8 carpels and an equal
number of parietal placentas, provided outside with twice as many longitudinal
wings. Styles 4 to 8, short, persistent, with scarcely capitellate stigmas. Ovules
numerous, anatropous. Fruit a large coriaceous or ligneous capsule, indehiscent,
ovate or rounded, provided with large, slightly undulated wings and crowned at the
end with the persistent styles. Seeds numerous, irregularly obovate, immersed in a
fleshy pulp that originates in the aril-like outer layer of the seed envelope, smooth
aGen. 918. no. 5066. 1839.
b Mem. Soc. Ital. delle Sci. 18: Fisica, 402. 1820.
ce Abh. Miinch. Akad. 2: 363. 1837-40.
d Nov. Gen. ac Sp. Pl. 8: 64. pl. 271. 1845.
eSpruce; Eichler, in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13'; 437. 1871.
JGen. Pl. 1: 125. 1862-67.
gIn Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3°*: 19. 1893.
173 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
outside, with a large chalaza, much albumen, and astraight embryo. Cotyledons folia-
ceous, covering each other.
Erect moncecious shrubs or trees reaching 17 meters high, with alternate, entire or
serrate leaves and early deciduous stipules; the flowers odorous, of variable size, the
staminate in few-flowered, axillary racemes, the pistillate almost solitary. Hairs
always single.
The seven species known to-day can be distinguished by means of the following key,
the imperfection of which is unadvoidable, owing to the incomplete knowledge of
these plants:
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Flowers polygamous, rather large; sepals longer than the petals; a large
tree, Brazil .......2..2--.-002-0-0-02-222000 020 eee eee C. brasiliensis.
Flowers dioecious.
Staminate flowers very large, petals almost 3 times as large as the
sepals. Brazil........0 0002000000020 0 02 eee eee C. grandiflora.
Staminate flowers small, petals only a little larger than the sepals.
Sepals 3 or4. Braziland Peru...........2............ ....-C. longifolia,
Sepals 2.
Capsules with long (2.5 to 3.5 em.) pedicels. Brazil....C. amazonica.
Capsules with very short pedicels.
Tree entirely glabrous; leaves serrate. Costa Rica. .C. glaucescens.
Tree more or less pubescent, furfuraceous or hairy.
Leaves sinuate-dentate; teeth acute; wings on the
capsule 8. Costa Rica...............2222---- C'. platy plera.
Leaves irregularly sinuate-dentate; teeth sub-
spathulate: branchlets thick; wings on the cap-
sule 10. Costa Rica ......2.2..2.222222 222 C. crassiramea,
Carpotroche glaucescens Pittier, sp. nov. Figure /4,.
A small tree 1.50 meters high, with few short branchlets, densely foliate toward
the end.
Leaves large, glaucous. Petioles 2 to 3 em. long, flattened on the upper side. Leaf
blades 35 to 40 em. long, 10 to 13 em, broad, obovate, long-cuneate and narrowly
rounded at base, sharply acuminate or seldom rounded at tip; glabrous, of a glaucous
green color above, and paler beneath; margin sinuate-dentate near the base, dis-
tinctly serrate toward the apex; stipules thick, 15 to 20 mm. long, acutely lanceolate,
furfuraceous, caducous.
Flowers unknown.
Young fruits glaucous, 8 to 10 winged, with furfuraceous pedicels 1 cm. long, 2 per-
sistent sepals about 12. mm. long, and 4 or 5 short styles. Seeds not known.
Costa Rica: Grape Point, coast of Talamanca, H. Pittier, young fruit, Septem-
ber, 1900 (Instituto fis.-geog. Costa Rica, no, 14089; type U. 8. National Herbarium,
no. 577934).
Differs from (. platyptera by its smaller size, its glaucous appearance, the form of
the stipules, the indentation of the leaf, and the apparently variable number of the
placentas and styles.
Carpotroche platyptera Pittier, sp. nov. PLare XIX. Friaures 15, 16.
A small tree 3 to 4 meters high, with few branches. Young shoots furfuraceous.
Leaves petiolate, the young ones densely hairy on their whole surface. Petioles
4 to5 cm. long, furfuraceous, thickening slightly from base to end. Fully developed
leaf blades 35 to 49 cm. long, 10 to 14 em. broad, obovate-elliptic, cuneate, acuminate,
smooth above except on the furfuraceous main nerve, hairy underneath, the midrib
Contr. Nat. Kerb., Vol. XU. PLATE XIX.
CARPOTROCHE PLATYPTERA PITTIER.
PITTIER—-PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 179
and secondary veins also furfuraceous, or velvety; margin broadly sinuate-dentate;
main and secondary nerves very prominent beneath, the latter arcuate and anasto-
mosing at the ends and connected
through parallel venules. Sti-
pules broadly triangular, furfura-
ceous,
Staminate inflorescence very
much reduced, the flowers ap-
pearing as if almost sessile on the
trunk or in the axils of leaves.
Pedicels and calyx densely furfur-
aceous.
Staminate flowers rather nu-
merous, small (about 12 mm. in
diameter); sepals 2, ovate-con-
chiform, smooth inside, furfura-
ceous outside except on the mar-
gin covered in prefloration, per-
sistent, 3.4 mm. long. Petals 4 or
more, 4.5 mm. long, the exterior
ones broadly ovate, the interior
narrower, elliptic, both hairy out-
side and inside in the middle, a
narrow marginal strip being en-
tirely glabrous. Stamens numer-
ous (15 to 19), erect, apparently a é
free, about 3 mm. long, _fila-
ments very short, free; anthers Fig. 14.—Leaf parts of Carpotroche glawcescens. a, Base;
+ ous . b, segment of margin. a,b, Natural size.
elliptic-linear, 2.5 mm. long, ,
the cells opening first by a terminal pore, which widens later to a longitudinal slit.
Pistillate flowers large, about 30 mm. in diameter, few and single in the axils of
leaves. Sepals as in staminate flower but larger in proportion, Petals 8, elliptic-
Fig. 15.—Flower and fruit of Carpotroche platyptera. a, Flower just before anthesis; 6, interior petal;
c, exterior petal; d, stamen; e¢, pistil; f, longitudinal, and g, transverse section of fruit. a, Natural
size; 6-e, scale about 3; f, g, scale }.
obovate, more or less obtuse. Ovary ovoid, hairy, provided outside with 8 longitu-
dinal wings. Placentas 4, parietal. Styles 4, free, very short.
180 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Fruit a purple, pediceled, ovoid capsule, 3.5 to 4 cm, long, 3 cm. in diameter,
ligneous, subpubescent, provided with 8 broad, undulate-margined wings, about
15 mm. broad in the middle; pedicel about | cm. long. Seeds obovate, flattened.
co
Fia. 16.—Leaf parts of Carpotroche platyptera. a, Leaf base; b, segment of margin. a, b, Natural size.
Costa Rica: Rio Hondo, plains of Santa Clara, at an altitude of 50 to 100 meters;
H. Pittier, flowers and fruit, February 15, 1903 (Instituto fis.-geog. Costa Rica
no. 16634; U.S. National Herbarium no. 578981, type); same
locality, in forest, fruit brick-red; Cook & Doyle, no, 485,
flowers and fruit, May 6, 1903 (U.S. National Herbarium no.
474340); same locality, little-branched tree, 3 to 4 meters high,
the flowers scattered on trunk or in axils of leaves; IH. Pittier,
flowers and fruit, June, 1903 (Instituto fis.-geog. Costa Rica
, —— ; no. 16702; U.S. National Ierbarium no. 578983); same local-
Fia. 17.—Flower parts of , , i, .
Carpotroche crassira- ity, H. Pittier, flowers and fruit, September, 1903 (Instituto
mea. a, Exterior petal; ffs.-zeog. Costa Rica no. 16923; U. S. National Herbarium
b, interior petal; c, d, K ‘
stamen, front and side no, 578982).
view. a,b, Scale6; c,d, EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIX.—Twigs of Carpotroche platyptera Pittier,
scale 3. showing small staminate flower, larger pistillate flower, and fruit. Scale 3.
Carpotroche crassiramea Pittier, sp. nov. Figures 17, 18.
A small tree, 1.5 to 2 meters high. Branchlets few, short, thick, pubescent, densely
leafy toward their extremities.
Leaves large, coarse, almost entirely glabrous, shortly petiolate; petioles thick,
2 to 3 cm. long, flattened on upper side; leaf blades obovate, 45 to 65 cm. long, 16 to
20 cm. broad, long-attenuate at base, rounded or acuminate; midrib thick and very
prominent beneath, slightly pubescent; secondary veins also prominent, arcuate and
running into each other at marginal end, anastomosing through parallel, almost per-
pendicular venules; margin irregularly sinuate-dentate, the teeth broad, more or
PITTIER—-PLANTS FROM COLOMBIA AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 181
less spatulate. Stipules caducous, lanceolate, acute, 18 to 20 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm.
broad, pubescent outside.
Staminate inflorescence in sessile cymes in the axils of leaves or else on the branch-
lets. Pistillate flowers probably isolated in the axils of leaves. Bracts hairy, small,
narrow, and acute. Staminate flowers on pedicels about 4 mm. long. Floral bud
ovoid, 5 mm. long, 4 mm. broad; sepals 2. Petals
pinkish white, the 3 exterior 5 mm. long and 3.5 to 4
mm. broad, the 4 interior 6 mm. long and 2.5 mm.
broad. Stamens about 24; filaments not over 0.5
mm. long, flattened, broader at base; anthers linear.
Pollen grains 0.09 mm. in diameter, with 3 or more
poral points.
Pistillate flower unknown.
Fruit reddish, short-pedunculate, ovate, 3.5 cm.
long, 2 cm. in transverse diameter, provided with 10
puberulent wings.
Costa Rica: In forest around Banana River near
Port Limon; Cook & Doyle, no. 424, flowers and fruit,
May, 1903 (U. S. National Herbarium no. 474262,
type, and no. 474263).
Aegiphila anomala Pittier, sp.nov. Ficure 19.
A small tree, 4.5 meters high, sparsely branched.
Leaves bunched at the ends of the shoots, shortly
petiolate (petioles 1 to 2 cm. long); leaf blades 17
to 26 cm. long, 6 to 8 cm. broad, obovate, obtusely
acuminate, long-cuneiform, paler beneath, smooth on
both sides, with an entire, slightly revolute margin.
Flowers very odorous, in axillary, rather few-
flowered cymes. Calyx 10 to 11 mm. long, rather
narrow, campanulate, truncate, 3 to 5-parted, very
much enlarged in the ripe
fruit; lobules irregular, 3
mm. deep, slightly emargi-
nate. Corolla rotaceous, rather small and included jn calyx;
tube subconical, 7 mm. long; lobes 5, about 6 mm. long,
2 ovate, obtuse, imbricate, white. Stamens 5, equal, inserted
a very low on tube; scarcely emerging, finely hairy; filaments
Fig. 19.—(a) Ovary and slender, slightly shorter than anthers; anthers elliptic-elongate,
(b) stamen of Aegiphila §-ming a tube around style. Ovary superior, spherical, sur-
anomala. a, 6, Scale © ? ,
about 3. mounted by a slender, smooth style, this divided into two
long filiform, woolly stigmas, emerging above the anthers.
Fruit a hard nutlet, surrounded almost completely by the enlarged (15 mm. long, 15
mm. thick), verrucose calyx, almost spherical, 9 mm. in djameter, with a large stigmatic
impression on tip, imperfectly 4-celled, with only one cell occupied by one seed.
This species belongs to the Cymosae amarinae.
Costa Rica: Forests of Rio Hondo, anos de Santa Clara, H. Pittier, flowers and
fruit, July 5, 1903 (Instituto fis.-geog. Costa Rica, no. 16711; type U. 8. National
Herbarium no. 578905).
Fic. 18.—Leaf margin of Carpotroche
crassiramea. Natural size.
wy ory 1 a“
INDEX TO SPECIES.
[Page number of principal entries first. Synonyms in italics.]
Page Page.
Aegiphila anomala..............-.....------- 181 | Hippocratea setulifera...............--....-- 177
Carpotroche..................--------------- 177 | Kirganelia salviaefolia...............-...----- 174
Carpotroche amazonica..............------ 178,177 | Mayna brasiliensis.............-..2-0-+---+ 177
brasiliensis. ............-.----2-....-.----- 178 | Myginda eucymosa................----.-- 175,171
crassiramea......--...-.-----++-------- 180, 178 gaumeri......-. cence eee eee cece eee 176
glaucescens.............-.------------- 178, 179 ULAGOLA.. 2... ee ee ee eee eee eee 176
grandiflora. .............-..----------- 178,177 | Ovxalistylis kunthiana..............---.-.-++-- 174
longifolia... ....-.......-..-.22--2--00--- 178,177 | Phyllanthus floribundus..............2.20005 174
platyptera..................-.. 178, 177, 179, 180 salviaefolius...........-....2---+-- 174,171,175
Dulongia acuminata..............----+-4--+ 173,174 | Phyllonoma ruscifolia..-...-.....--..-..-- 173,174
integerrima...........2-..2-----------+ 173, 174 tenuidens........---..2.-2.-.-----.------ 172
laticuspis....... 22... 200.2000 220222 173,174 triflora... 0... eee eee ee eee eee eee eee 173
Hippocratea obovata.........--------..----- 176 | Roupala ferruginea.................--..----- 171
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL TERBARIOM
VOLUME XII, PART 6
a *~ 4
—————————
CATALOGUE
THE GRASSES OF CUBA
By A. S. HITCHCOCK
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
IssuEeD Marcu 23, 1909
II
PREFACE.
The accompanying paper by A. S. Hitchcock, Systematic Agrostol-
ogist of the United States Department of Agriculture, entitled Cata-
logue of the Grasses of Cuba, is the result of an exhaustive study of
the material in the United States National Herbarium and in the
herbarium of the Estacién Central Agronémica de Cuba. It was
chiefly through the efforts of Mr. Carl F. Baker, who obtained large
collections in Cuba, that the specimens were made accessible to Mr.
Hitchcock. It is hoped that this paper will be followed by similar
ones upon other groups.
J. N. Ross,
Acting Curator.
Ill
CONTENTS.
Introduction.................-2- 220202 oc eee eee eee eee ee eee eeee
Key to the genera..............2- 5-022 0 000s
Catalogue of genera and species..........--------- +--+ 2s eee e ee eee ee eee eee eee
Grasses of Grisebach’s catalogue.............--- 222-2. - 202 eee eee eee eee eee
Grasses of Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana..............-. 2222222002020 - 2222 eee reese
Grasses collected in Cuba by Wright, arranged by numbers...........-------
List of new genera and species and new names........-...--..-----+-------
y
CATALOGUE OF THE GRASSES OF CUBA.
By A. 5. Hirencocx.
INTRODUCTION.
The following list of Cuban grasses is based primarily upon the
collections at the Estacién Central Agronémica de Cuba, situated at
Santiago de las Vegas, a suburb of Habana. The herbarium includes
the collections made by the members of the staff, particularly Mr.
C. F. Baker, formerly head of the department of botany, and also the
Sauvalle Herbarium deposited by the Habana Academy of Sciences.
These specimens were examined by the writer during a short stay
upon the island in the spring of 1906, and were later kindly loaned by
the station authorities for a more critical study at Washington. The
Sauvalle Herbarium contains a fairly complete set of the grasses col-
lected by Charles Wright, the most important collection thus far
obtained from Cuba. In addition to the collections at the Cuba
Experiment Station, the National Herbarium furnished important
material for study, including collections made by A. H. Curtiss,
W. Palmer and J. H. Riley, A. Taylor (from the Isle of Pines), S. M.
Tracy, Brother Leon (De la Salle College, Habana), and the writer.
The earlier collections of Wright were sent to Grisebach for study.
These were reported upon by Grisebach in his work entitled “Cata-
logus Plantarum Cubensium,”’ published in 1866, though preliminary
reports appeared earlier in the two parts of Plantae Wrightianae.¢
During the spring of 1907 I had the opportunity of examining the
grasses in the herbarium of Grisebach in Géttingen.’ In the present
article I have, with few exceptions, accounted for the grasses listed by
Grisebach in his catalogue of Cuban plants, and have appended a list of
these with references to the pages in the body of this article upon
which the species are considered. The numbers upon the labels of
the Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium are in many cases
not the same as those under which the species were afterwards dis-
tributed and under which they were listed in the catalogue. These
numbers I have designated as secondary numbers. Grisebach has
sometimes connected on his labels the secondary number by the sign
#Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. Vol. VIII. Part I, pp. 153 to 192, (as separate) 1860;
Part II, pp. 503 to 536, (as separate) 1862. The grasses were included in Part IT.
6 Unless otherwise stated the writer has examined all the types mentioned in this
paper.
183
184. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
of equality with the distribution number. The data upon the Grise-
bach labels are meager, usually consisting of the number and year,
together with an abbreviation for eastern or western Cuba. The
distribution numbers of the grasses reported upon by Grisebach are
all below 3500. Wright, after his return from Cuba, studied his col-
lections at the Gray Herbarium and published his results in a series
of articles in conjunction with Doctor Sauvalle, of Cuba.* In the
Volumes V to IX, 1868 to 1872. This was reset and, an index being added, pub-
lished in 1873 as Flora Cubana. The introduction to the first installment of the
series (5: 196. 1868) is as follows: ‘‘Revisio Catalogi Grisebachiani vel index planta-
rum cubensium ad catalogum Cl. Grisebachii anno 1866 editum attemperata, pluribus
Wrightianis novis speciebus aucta, valde quoque emendata, a cl. C. Wright; omnia
pro Annalibus Regiae Academiae Scientiarum Havanensis digesta, nominibusque
adjectis cubensibus vulgo receptis a Francisco A. Sauvalle. Setiembre, 1868.”
Each continuation is headed ‘‘ Revisto Catalogi Grisebachiani vel Index Plantarum
Cubensium; a Francisco A. Sauvalle.’’ The reprint has a title page as follows:
“Flora Cubana. | Enumeratio Nova Plantarum Cubensium | vel | Revisio Catalogi
Grisebachiani, | Exhibens | Descriptiones Generum Specierumque | Nova-
rum | Caroli Wright, (Cantabrigiae) et Francisci Sauvalle, | Synonymis | nomini-
busque vulgaribus Cubensis adjectis. | Auctore | Francisco A. Sauvalle, | Academiae
Scientiarum Havanensis. | Havanae. | Imp. ‘‘ La Antilla,’’ de cacho-negrete, | Calle
de Cuba num. 51. | 1873.
The Gramineae appeared in Vol. VIII, 1871. The article was entirely reset for the
reprint, but a comparison of this portion of the original with the reprint shows very
few errors. In the original the serial numbers of the Gramineae occur as follows:
Numbers. | Page. Numbers. | Page.
2721 to 2727.22... eee eee eee (157 v708 to 2800... 205
2728 to 2755.22. ee eee eee eee ee ee eee 158 | 2801 tO 2812. eeeeeeeeeveeeeeeeee 206
9756 to 2764... 200 | 2813 to 2828......00000 0 207
2765 to 2769...........--- 0. ee ee eee 201 | 2829 to QBH5.....2.0..00020.-22.--) 208
2770 to 2780.2... 02.2222 e eee eee ee 202 | 2856 to 2869......02..2.0..0.2022., 209
2781 to 2791. ...2....2... 22-22-22. 203) 2870 to 2878......2e2e ee 287
2792 to 2797 0.2.2 ec ecco cece eevee 204 2879 to WAL... eee | 288
| |
In the reprint the numbers are as follows:
: It
Numbers. | Page. | Numbers. Page.
2721 to 2Q737....2.2-2-. 2222.22. 190) 2799 to 2812... .0.22222 eee 197
2738 to 2764..............-........ GL) 2818 to 2819... eee eee. 198
2765 to 2769... 22 eee 192 2820 to 2BA4L eee 199
2770 to 2776..........-.......-.--. 193) 2845 to 2869....0.00020000 0022 200
2777 to 2Q789...........----.-. 222. 194 2870 to 2884..00000000...0...-...2. 201
2790 to 2796....................... 195 | 2885 to 2891......20.220000.2..... 202
2797 to 2798... 2.2222 196
HITCHCOCK—-GRASSES OF CUBA. 185
present paper the new species published in Sauvalle’s article are
credited to Wright. The original set upon which Sauvalle’s list is
based is at the Gray Herbarium, and a fairly complete duplicate set
is in the Sauvalle Herbarium.
The sets of Wright’s plants were made up at the Gray Herbarium
and given herbarium distribution numbers. Each number included
such collections as were thought to be of the same species. Thus it
often occurs.that different specimens of the same distribution num-
ber may have been collected in different localities or may even belong
to different species. The data found upon the field labels in various
herbaria are mentioned under each species in the present list. There
is also appended a list of the species of grasses included in Sauvalle’s
Flora Cubana, with references to their identification, and a list of the
Wright numbers in sequence with their identification.
The plan followed in the present paper is to give under specimens
cited a list of the specimens found in the herbarium of the Estacién
Central Agronémica, including the Sauvalle Herbarium, and in the
National Herbarium, without statement as to the herbarium in which
they are deposited. To these are added specimens found in the Gray
Herbarium which do not occur in the herbaria just mentioned, and
finally, specimens in the Herbarium of the New York Botanical
Garden (Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.), including the herbarium of Colum-
bia University, of which the Torrey Herbarium forms a part, which
are not found in the others mentioned. The specimens collected by
the staff of the botanical department of the Cuba Experiment Station
are numbered in a single series and are indicated in this list by the
letters HC (Herbarium Cubae). The data for the Wright specimens,
given in the paragraph devoted to the enumeration of specimens, are
understood to be found with the specimens in the Sauvalle Her-
barium. Additional data, found with specimens in other herbaria,
are quoted in the succeeding paragraph devoted to notes.
Grisebach enumerated 154 species of grasses in Ins catalogue.
Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana includes 170 species. The present list
includes 228 species or well-marked subspecies. |
KEY TO THE GENERA.’
Serres PANICEAE.—Spikelets 1-flowered, rarely 2-flowered; when 2-flowered the
terminal floret perfect, the lower staminate or neutral (except in Isachne), no apparent
tinternode between them; rachilla articulated below the glumes, the spikelets falling
from the pedicels entire, singly, in groups, or together with joints of an articulate
rachis; spikelets not laterally compressed (except in Lithachne).
Lemma and palea (the latter sometimes wanting in Andropogoneae) hyaline; glumes
more or less indurated, the first largest; sterile lemma like fertile lemma in texture
(except in Alloteropsis).
aJn this key the tribal characters are given with reference to the Cuban genera
only, and in some cases would not hold good for the entire tribe.
186 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Staminate and pistillate spikelets in different inflorescences; pistillate spikelets
inclosed in a bony bead-like involucre (MaypEAk)..........1. Coix (p. 190).
Spikelets all perfect, or unisexual and arranged in pairs, the pistillate sessile, the
staminate pedicellate (or all pedicellate in Trachypogon). (ANDROPOGONEAE.)
Joints of the rachis much thickened and excavated to receive the spikelets.
First glume of the perfect spikelet flat or somewhat convex; perennials.
6. Manisuris (p. 191).
First glume of the perfect spikelet hemispherical, pitted; annual.
7. Hackelochloa (p. 191).
Joints of rachis not thickened nor excavated for the reception of the spikelets.
Spikelets all alike, perfect; inflorescence a plume-like panicle.
Axis of racemes continuous, not articulate; spikelets awnless.
2. Imperata (p. 190),
Axis of racemes articulated.
Spikelets awnless. ......................3. Saccharum (p. 190),
Spikelets awned.............0..2.0...... 4. Erianthus (p. 190).
Spikelets not alike.
All pedicellate; the perfect long-pedicellate, long-awned, the stami-
nate short-pedicellate, awnless.......... 8. Trachypogon (p. 191).
Sessile and pedicellate, the former perfect, awned, the latter stami-
nate, empty or wanting.
Perfect spikelets transversely rugose.... . 5. Ischaemum (p. 191).
Perfect spikelets not transversely rugose.
Sessile spikelets not all alike, the first to fifth pairs homog-
amous; awns 10cm. long, stout; glumes bearing oil glands,
lemon-scented when fresh... ._. 13. Heteropogon(p. 196).
Sessile spikelets alike throughout.
Racemes of several to many joints, at least some of the
racemes sessile ............. 9. Andropogon (p. 192),
Racemes reduced to | or 2 joints, all the racemes more
or less pedunculate.
Pedicellate spikelets present, usually 2 to each
. sessile spikelet........2.... 10. Holeus (p. 195).
Pedicellate spikelets wanting.
Awns not over 2 cm. long, delicate.
Ll. Sorghastrum (p. 195).
Awns over 10 em. long, stout.
12. Rhaphis (p. 195).
Lemma and palea membranaceous or indurated: sterile lemma when present like the
glumes in texture.
Lemma and palea membranaceous; axis of inflorescence not breaking up at
maturity.
Spikelets 3 to 5 together, the clusters arranged in spikes, the glumes indu-
rated. (ZoysrEak.)
Glumes covered with hooked spines.................. 14. Nazia (p. 196).
Glumes not spiny, united into a somewhat pitcher-shaped pseudo-
involucre... 2... ....0020.0.2202-2 222 ee eee 15. Anthephora (p. 196).
Spikelets distinct, paniculate. (TRISTEGINEAE.)
Fertile lemma awned; rather robust grasses....16. Arundinella (p. 196).
Fertile lemma awnless; low grass with tuft of involute rather wiry basal
leaves [doubtfully placed in this tribe]......... 17. Triscenia (p. 198).
Lemma and palea cartilaginous or chartaceous-indurated, conspicuously differ-
ent in texture from the membranaceous glumes, rarely but little indurated.
(PANICEAE,)
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 187
Spikelets unisexual; plants moncecious; blades abruptly contracted into
petiole-like bases.
Inflorescence consisting of 2 slender racemes, one staminate the other
pistillate, digitate at the summit of a naked culm; leafy stems dis-
tinct from the base; plants low ............- ..44. Mniochloa (p. 233).
Inflorescence borne on leafy culms; fruit bony-indurated.
Fruit dorsally compressed; panicles terminal on culms or leafy
branches, pistillate spikelets above, staminate spikelets below in
same panicle ..............252-0200 0000-0 eee eee 42, Olyra (p. 233).
Fruit laterally compressed, conspicuously gibbous on upper dorsum;
panicles all axillary or axillary and terminal, the terminal when
present wholly staminate ...........-.-.-- 43. Lithachne (p. 233).
Spikelets all perfect.
Spikelets 2 to 4 together sunken in the alternate notches of a broad,
thickened rachis; creeping grasses ........ 41. Stenotaphrum (p. 232).
Spikelets not sunken in notches of a thickened rachis.
Spikelets solitary or in small clusters subtended by an involucre
consisting of 1 to many bristles (sterile branches), these some-
times grown together.
Involucre persistent on the axis, spikelets deciduous.
36. Chaetochloa (p. 230).
Involucre deciduous with and attached to the spikelets.
Involucre a spiny bur inclosing 1 to 5 spikelets.
37. Cenchrus (p. 231).
Involucre of distinct bristles.
Involucre of a single sterile branch produced beyond
each spikelet -.............-. 40. Paratheria (p. 232).
Involucre of numerous often plumose bristles.
38. Pennisetum (p. 232).
Spikelets not involucrate.
Fruits not rigid, margins of lemma not inrolled.
Inflorescence of slender racemes, divergently digitate at
‘the summit of the culm, both glumes wanting.
18. Reimarochloa (p. 198).
Inflorescence paniculate.
Blades cordate-clasping, fruit open at'summit; aquatic
or semiaquatic grasses.....-... 29. Hymenachne (p. 212).
Blades not cordate-clasping.
Spikelets awned, first glume with a pedicel-like
callus....................39. Chaetium (p. 282).
Spikelets awnless; fruits cartilaginous-indurated,
papillose, usually dark-colored, lemmas with
thin, usually white margins.
Fruit open at the white-margined summit;
spikelets tuberculate-hispid between the
nerves......-- 21. Leptocoryphium (p. 207).
Fruit not open nor white-margined at summit.
Sterile lemma like the fertile lemma in
texture .......26. Alloteropsis (p. 210).
Sterile lemma like the glumes in texture.
Spikelets clothed with long silky
hairs........-.. 25. Valota (p. 210).
Spikelets glabrous or pubescent only.
24. Syntherisma (p. 208).
188 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Fruits indurated-rigid (or if thin not open at the summit nor
hyaline-margined).
Spikelets placed with the back of the fruit turned away
from the main axis. .
First glume and rachilla joint forming a swollen ring-
like callus; fruit mucronate or shortly awn-pointed.
22. Eriochloa (p. 207).
First glume present or wanting, not forming a ring-like
callus; spikelets in slender racemes.
First glume as long as the spikelet or nearly so;
spikelets swollen on the side toward the axis and
fitting into alternate hollows; inflorescence a sin-
gle raceme .............. 27. Mesosetum (p. 211).
First glume wanting or not over one-fourth the
length of the spikelet.
Racemes racemose along the main axis; first
glume present....... 28. Brachiaria (p. 212).
Racemes digitate or subdigitate, first glume
wanting............ 20. Axonopus (p. 207).
Spikelets with the back of the fruit turned toward the main
axis.
Spikelets plano-convex, subsessile in spike-like
racemes, typically lacking the first glume (both
glumes wanting in P. pulchellum).
19. Paspalum (p. 199).
Spikelets unequally biconvex; paniculate, or if race-
mose the first glume present.
Fertile florets 2.............. 23. Isachne (p. 208).
Fertile floret 1.
Glumes awnless.
Second glume broad and saccate, panicle
contracted or spike-like.
30. Sacciolepis (p. 212).
Second glume not broad nor saccate.
Margins of lemma inrolled; no lateral
appendages nor excavations at base
of fruit.....32. Panicum (p. 214).
Margins of lemma not inrolled; either
lateral appendages or excavations
at base of fruit.
33. Ichnanthus (p. 228),
Glumes or one of them awned, or cuspidate.
Fruit cuspidate, palea free at the tip;
second glume and sterile lemma tapering
into an awn or cuspidate point.
31. Lehinochloa (p. 213).
Fruit not cuspidate, palea not free; awns
arising from a toothed summit.
Spikelets clothed with rose-colored
silky hairs; first glume minute.
34. Tricholaena (p. 229).
Spikelets pubescent with short pale
hairs, first glume nearly as long as
the second.35. Oplismenus (p. 229).
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 189
Series Poacear.—Spikelets 1 to many-flowered, the imperfect or rudimentary
floret, if any, uppermost; rachilla articulated (except in Oryzeae) above the glumes,
which are persistent on the pedicel or rachis after the fall of the florets; when 2 to
many-flowered a manifest internode of the rachilla separating the florets and articu-
lated below them; spikelets laterally compressed.
Spikelets articulated below the glumes. (ORYZEAE.)
Spikelets unisexual, plants monoecious.
Spikelets in pairs, one large, perfect, sessile, the other small, staminate, long-
-pediceled; the broad oblanceolate blades with transverse veins between
the longitudinal nerves.........-.-.-..-.++0+0------ 45. Pharus (p. 234).
Spikelets not in pairs, the staminate and pistillate in different panicles,
blades linear, not cross-veined ............-.------ 46. Luziola (p. 234).
Spikelets all perfect. .
Glumes wanting, lemma awnless.........-.-- 48. Homalocenchrus (p. 234).
Glumes present.
Glumes minute, awnless; lemma awned except in cultivated forms.
47. Oryza (p. 234).
Glumes about as long as the floret or longer, awned.
Glumes tapering into awns; spikelets, including awns, over 3 cm.
long... 2.2... 2220-2222 49, Achlaena (p. 235).
Glumes awned from the notched apex; spikelets, including awns,
scarcely 1 cm. long.........-----+------ 50. Reynaudia (p. 235).
Spikelets articulated above the giumes.
Culms woody, perennial, at least at the base, leaf blades commonly articulated
with and deciduous from the sheath. (BAMBUSEAE.)
66. Arthrostylidium (p. 245).
Culms herbaceous, annual, leaf blades not articulated with the sheath.
Inflorescence of l-sided spikes or racemes, spikelets sessile or nearly so.
(CHLORIDEAE.)
Plants dioecious or moncecious, the staminate awnless, pistillate with
numerous awns; low stoloniferous grass......... 60. Opizia (p. 242).
Plants not dicecious, spikelets all alike.
Spikelets with 1 perfect floret, sometimes 1 or more sterile florets
above the perfect one.
No sterile florets, spikelets awnless, spikes slender, digitate.
54. Capriola (p. 238).
One or two sterile florets above the perfect one, spikelets gen-
erally awned.
Spikes digitate or approximate in apparent whorls at the
summit of the culm..........-.----- 55. Chloris (p. 238).
Spikes remote along the main axis. .56. Bouteloua (p. 240).
Spikelets with 2 or 3 perfect florets.
Spikes alternate, more or less remote along the main axis, spike-
lets not crowded..........-..--+-------99. Leptochloa (p. 241).
Spikes digitate or nearly so, spikelets crowded.
Axis of spike not produced beyond the uppermost spikelet,
glumes and lemmas not cuspidate...57, Eleusine (p. 241).
Axis of spike produced into a naked cuspidate point, glumes
and lower lemmas cuspidate.58. Dactyloctenium (p. 241).
Inflorescence paniculate, sometimes contracted but spikelets never sessile in
1-sided spikes.
Spikelets 1-flowered. (AGROSTIDEAE.)
Lemma awnless...........-.-0--2e22 eee ees 53. Sporobolus (p. 237).
.
190 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Lemma awned.
Lemma indurated, convolute, awn 3-fid (lateral awns minute or
wanting in A. scabra) ..................51. Aristida (p. 235).
Lemmas not indurated, tapering into a capillary awn.
52. Muhlenbergia (p. 237).
Spikelets 2 to many-flowered. (FEsTUCEAE.)
Lemmas cleft above into a pappus-like crown of bristles.
61. Pappophorum (p. 242).
Lemmas entire.
Lemmas clothed with long silky hairs, tall, reed-like, dicecious
QTASSCS 2.2... eee eee 62. Gynerium (p. 242).
Lemmas not clothed with silky hairs.
. Lemmas3-nerved, not atallindurated .63. Eragrostis (p.242).
Lemmas many-nerved, somewhat indurated and rigid.
Sterile lemmas 1 to 3 above the glumes; plants not
dicecious ...........2.2.22.2.02. 64. Uniola (p. 245).
Sterile lemmas above glumes none; plants dicecious.
65. Distichlis (p. 245).
CATALOGUE OF GENERA AND SPECIES.
1. COITX L. Sp. Pl. 972. 1753.
1. Coix lachryma-jobi L. Sp. Pl. 972. 1753.
Pinar del Rio, Baker & Abarca, HC 3686; El Guama, Palmer & Riley 142.
This is originally from tropical Asia, but is now cultivated for ornament in the
warmer regions of both hemispheres, whence it has escaped.
2. IMPERATA Ciril. Pl. Rar. Ic. 2: 26. pl. 11. 1792.
1. Imperata brasiliensis Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 2: 331. 1833.
La Magdalena, Baker HC 4946; Madruga, Britton 630; without locality, Wright
3486; Cienfuegos, Combs 701, in Gray Herbarium; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in
Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 310 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The type in the Trinius Herbarium is from Serra da Lapa, Brazil, though Trinius
in the original publication cites merely ‘“‘V. spp. Brazil.’ J. caudata Trin., as
shown by the type in the Trinius Herbarium, differs in having smaller spikelets
(about 2.5 mm. long), longer and more copious hairs, and an elongated inflores-
cence. The spikelets of J. brasiliensis are 4 mm. long. Wright’s specimen (3486)
is the latter species as shown by the specimen in the herbarium of Grisebach and
in that of Sauvalle. This is referred to I. caudata by Grisebach@ and Sauvalle.b
3. SACCHARUM L. Sp. Pl. 54. 1753.
1. Saccharum officinarum L. Sp. Pl. 54. 1753.
Cienfuegos, Pringle 17; Guanajay, Curtiss 635.
This species (sugar cane) is grown in all tropical countries, and the above speci-
mens are from cultivated plants.
4. ERIANTHUS Michx. FI. Bor. Amer. 1: 54. 1803.
1. Erianthus saccharoides Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 55. 1803.
Laguna San Mateo, Pinar del Rio, Wright 3903.
In Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana this is called Andropogon alopecuroides L. The latter
species, however, has a twisted awn, while in EF. saccharoides the awn is straight or
only slightly bent, not twisted.
a4Cat. Pl. Cub. 236. 1866.
6 Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 288, 1871; Fl. Cub. 202.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 191
5. ISCHAEMUM LL. Sp. Pl. 1049. 1753.
1. Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. Icon. Stirp. Rar. 1791.
Madruga, Curtiss 533, ‘‘Wet ground beside railroad.”’
A native of southeastern Asia, introduced in Cuba.
6. MANISURIS 1.. Mant. Pl. 2: 164, 300. 1771.
Outer glume transversely wrinkled................-.--------------- 1. M. loricata.
Outer glume with three longitudinal furrows................-2-2...--- 2. M. impressa.
1. Manisuris loricata (Trin.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 780. 1891.
Rottboellia loricata Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 2: 250. 1833.
Rottboellia filifolia Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 209. 1871; Fl. Cub. 200.
Herradura, Baker HC 2963, Baker & Abarca HC 4181, Tracy 9059, Hitchcock in
1906; Dayaniguas, Wright 3905.
Trinius’s type specimen, which comes from Serra da Lapa, Brazil, has trans-
versely rugose outer glumes, as in the Wright specimen.
2. Manisuris impressa (Griseb.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 780. 1891.
Rottboellia impressa Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 235. 1866.
El Salado, Wright 3904.
The type specimen in Grisebach’s herbarium is accompanied by the printed blank
label with the year 1865, but no locality. The label also bears the secondary num-
ber 201.
The specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium is from El Salado and is numbered 3904,
The Wright specimen in the National Herbarium is numbered 3904 upon an 1865
label like that of the type. These may be all of the same collection.
7. HACKELOCHLOA Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 776. 1891.
1. Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 776. 1891.
Cenchrus granularis L. Mant. 2: 575. 1771.
Manisuris granularis Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
Punta Brava, Baker HC 4047; Madruga, Shafer 22, 65; Isle of Pines, Palmer &
Riley 1084, 1092, Curtiss 493; Habana, Leon 213; La Magdalena, Baker 6; without
locality, Wright 1553 in 1865; Herradura, Tracy 9100, 9101.
The Grisebach specimen is Wright 1553, collected in eastern Cuba, 1859. Wright’s
1553 in the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘open grassy places at Saltadera, Sept. 11.”
8. TRACHYPOGON Nees, Agrost. Bras. 341. 1829.
Awn appressed-pubescent.........-..-.-2.-------22 2-2-0200 - 22-222 eee 1. T. filifolius.
Awn strongly plumose.........-- bce ee eee cece eee eee eee eee eee 2. T. gouini.
1. Trachypogon filifolius (Hack.)
Trachypogon polymorphus f filifolius Hack. in DC. Mon. Phan. 6: 325. 1889.
In small tufts in pebbly pinales,¢ October, Pinar del Rio, Wright 3893; in large
tufts, low damp pinales,¢ Pinar del Rio, Wright 3892; Herradura, Baker HC 2155.
This species is characterized by the elongated, closely convolute blades, the single
racemes, and the erect awn 4 cm. long, short-pilose below, and by being glabrous
throughout, except the slightly barbed nodes. Culm 100 to 150 cm. tall.
2. Trachypogon gouini Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 66. 1886.
Torteleza de la Cabana, Baker & Van Hermann HC without number; San Fran-
cisco de Paula near Habana, Leon 209; Habana, Leon 300; Triscornia, Tracy 9086.
Awn 7 to 8 cm. long, very plumose to the tip.
« Pine woods.
192 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
9. ANDROPOGON L. Sp. Pl. 1045, 1753.
Racemes numerous in a leafless terminal panicle................- 7. A. leucopogon.
Racemes | to 4, solitary or fascicled from spathes.
Racemes solitary.
Spikelets awnless ..............0000 cece cece eee cece ee eee ll. A. spathiflorus.
Spikelets awned.
Outer glume of sterile spikelet conspicuous and bract-
like 2.2.0.2... eee eee eee eee 4. A. fastigiatus.
Outer glume not conspicuous.
Plants annual; racemes delicate .............-.- 2. A. brevifolius.
Plants perennial; racemes not delicate.
Racemes cylindrical, stiff and spike-like.
Sterile pedicel ciliate its entire length;
spikelets 5 to 6 mm. long......-...-- 10. A. semiberbis.
Sterile pedicel ciliate only atapex; spike-
lets 4mm. long..............--...-- 12. A. tener.
Racemes zigzag, axis lax and slender; spike-
lets about 3 mm. long.
Racemes conspicuously villous.......... 6. A. gracilis.
Racemes sparsely villous, spikelets about
6 mm. long...........----2.-----+6-5- 3. A. cubensis.
Racemes 2 to 4 from each spathe.
Spathes numerous in a large corymb.
Spikelets awnless .............. 2.0.2 c0e eee cece eee 1. A. bicornis.
Spikelets long-awned...........2 22... e eee eee ee 5. A. glomeratus.
Spathes scattered or the inflorescence naked and terminal.
Racemes shorter than the spathe...................- 13. A. virginicus.
Racemes naked, terminal.
Spikelets awned.................2..-2---0-00-- 9. A. nashianus.
Spikelets awnless...............222-2-2202000- 8. A. leucostachys.
1. Andropogon bicornis L. Sp. Pl. 1046. 1753.
Arroyo Galiano, 0’ Donovan HC 5217; Santiago de las Vegas, Wilson 439; Pinar del
Rio, Palmer & Riley 86; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 294; Retiro, in Savannas, Wright 3902;
El] Guama, Palmer & Riley 95; Nueva Gerona, Palmer & Riley 1125; without locality
(1865) Wright 1555; Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906; Cienfuegos, Combs 265 in Gray
Herbarium; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 773 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Wright’s 770 from eastern Cuba (1859) is A. bicornis as shown by the specimen in
Grisebach’s herbarium.
Wright’s 1555 as distributed consists in part of Andropogon bicornis and in part of
A.glomeratus. The latter is distinguished by the long-awned spikelets.
2. Andropogon brevifolius Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
Madruga, Curtiss 530;- without locality, Wright 1558; Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906.
The Wright specimen in the National Herbarium bears a blank label of 1865. No.
1558 in the Grisebach Herbarium is from eastern Cuba, 1859, but the plant is
A. tener (there has probably been some misplacement of labels here). In the latter her-
barium is a specimen from western Cuba, 1863, with the secondary number 925,
upon which Grisebach has marked ‘“*=1558.’? One sheet of Wright 1558 in the Gray
Herbarium is A. tener, the other A. brevifolius, from ‘‘Pinales San Diego de Bajios,
Nov. 16.”
3. Andropogon cubensis Hack. Flora 68: 121. 1885.
Without locality, Wright 3898.
This number was not seen by Grisebach, but is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana
without specific name.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 1938
4. Andropogon fastigiatus Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
Dry savannas October 26. Wright 3483.
No. 3483 of Wright, 1865, is accompanied by two supplementary labels, ‘‘Savannas,
San Cristobal, Nov.,’’ and ‘‘Culms few or single, sandy pine woods, Pinar del Rio,
Dec.” The Grisebach specimen of this is from ‘‘Cub. occ. 1863”’ and bears the sec-
ondary number ‘‘921=3483.’’ No. 3485 [error for 3483?] in the Gray Herbarium was
collected by Wright in 1860-64 in ‘‘sandy pine woods, Asiento Viejo, Los Remales,
Dec. 2.”
5. Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S.P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 67. 1888.
Cinna glomerata Walt. Fl. Car. 59. 1788.
Andropogon macrourum Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 56, 1803.
Hanabana, Wright 1555; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 294, Taylor 18 in Herb. N. Y. Bot.
Gard.; Batabano, Shafer 224; Habana, Sthott 103; Guanabacoa, Leon 565, 572;
Santiago de las Vegas, Wilson 2207 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Matanzas, Britton
& Wilson 83, 94 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Maraguana, Wilson 7553 in Herb. N. Y.
Bot. Gard.
Wright’s 1555 in the National Herbarium is A. bicornis. The specimen in the Grise-
bach Herbarium with this number is A. glomeratus, but it is from eastern Cuba, col-
lected in 1859. In the Gray Herbarium one sheet of Wright 1555 (1859) is A. glomeratus,
another (1865) is A. bicornis.
3. Andropogon gracilis Spreng. Syst. 1: 284. 1825.
” Sehisachyriem gracile Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 60. 1903.
Wright 3484 [3480 in Sauv. Fl. Cub.] without data. Isle of Pines, Curtiss 380,
Taylor 17; Buena Vista, Shafer in 1903; Herradura, Baker & Dimmock HC 4829,
Tracy 9067; Candelaria, Earle & Wilson HC 1637; Calvario, Leon 562.
Wright’s 3484 in the Grisebach Herbarium has a blank label of 1860-64, but is without
other data. The Wright specimen of this species in the National Herbarium has a
blank label of 1865, with the number 204 and also a tag in Wright’s handwriting,
“Pine woods, Cagalbana, Apr. 17..° Wright’s 1557, in the Grisebach Herbarium,
“Cub. or.”’ in 1859, is also A. gracilis. This species was described under Andropogon
scoparius Michx. in Sagra’s History of Cuba.¢
7. Andropogon leucopogon Nees, Linnaca 19: 694. 1847.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 382; Wright 1556 in Grisebach Herbarium.
In the Grisebach Herbarium and in the Gray Herbarium Wright 1556 is labeled as
collected: in eastern Cuba in 1859, Curtiss’s specimen was distributed under an
unpublished name.
8. Andropogon leucostachys II.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 187. 1816.
Andropogon domingensis Roem. & Schult. Syst. 2:809. 1817.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 314, Taylor 16; Madruga, Baker HC 3458; Herradura, Earle
HC 3111, Tracy 9046, Consolacion del Sur, Palmer & Riley 480; bushy savannas,
Hanabana, May 17, Wright 3900.
Grisebach’s specimen of this has an 1865 label with the secondary number 202, °
9. Andropogon nasnianus sp. nov.
Culms solitary or few in a cluster, simple, slender, erect, glabrous, 30 to 45 cm.
high, nodes glabrous; sheaths glabrous or sparsely pilose toward the summit, much
shorter than the “elongated internodes, broader at the summit than the base of the
@ Rich. 3 in ‘Sagra, Hist. C uh. 11: 3 20. 1850. The types of the grasses described by
Richard in this work are at the Museum d’ Histoire Naturelle at Paris. The types
of Panicum were examined by the writer in the spring of 1907. Fragments from the
types of five other species were later sent to the National Herbarium through the
kindness of Director Ie Comte.
61170—voL 12, pr 6—O9
194 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
blade thus forming more or less of a shoulder; blades narrow, folded, appressed, gla-
brous, | to 4.cm. long, | mm. wide, the basal as much as 10 cm. long, the uppermost
reduced to points | to 3 mm. long; inflorescence at the summit of the naked culm, the
peduncle long-exserted from the uppermost sheath; racemes in pairs 3 to 4 em, long,
very villous with tawny hairs 5 to 7 mm. long from the rachis and the sterile pedicel;
sessile spikelets 3 to4 mm. long, as long as or slightly longer than the internodes of the
rachis; first glume nerveless between the scabrous keels, second glume slightly shorter
than the first, sterile and fertile lemmas hyaline, slightly shorter than the second
glume, the fertile lemma bearing an awn which extends 10 to 15mm. beyond the spike-
let; stamen 1; sterile pedicel 3 mm. long, bearing an involute scale 1 to 2. mm. long.
Type, Cuba, Wright 3899, no. 35320 in U.S. National Herbarium.
Sandy pine woods, western Cuba, In addition to the type this species is represented
by: Herradura, /Iitehcock in 1906, Tracy 9069.
The specimen of Wright 3899 in the Sauvalle Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Sandy pine
woods, Pinar del Rio. Sept. Culms few or single, scattering.”’
This species is named for Mr. George V. Nash, who, while studying the species of
Andropogon in the National Herbarium, suggested that the above-mentioned speci-
mens did not belong to A. leucostachys, to which they had been referred. The species
is allied to A. leucostachys H. B. K. and A. subtenuis Nash.
10. Andropogon semibert is (Nees) Kunth, Enum. 1:489. 1833.
Schizachyrium semiberbe Nees, Agrost. Bras. 336, 1829.
Wright 3891 (in 1865).
11. Andropogon spathifiorus (Nees) Kunth, Enum. 1: 496. 1833.
Hypogynium spathiflorum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 366. 1829.
Anatherum spathiflorum Griseb, Cat. Pl. Cub. 236. 1866.
Wright 3481; Herradura, Baker & Dimmock HC 4814; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 460,
Taylor 23. ,
The Sauvalle specimen has two labels, ‘‘Savannas Dayaniguas Sept.’’ and ‘‘Pinales,
Dayaniguas Sept.’’ Anothersheet has a blank label, ‘3480 Anatherum inerme Gris.’
In the Grisebach Herbarium are two sheets of this, one marked 3481 on an 1860-64
label, and another marked ‘8993481, Cub. occ. 1863." Thespecimenin the National
Herbarium with the number 3481 has this on an 1865 label.
In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two other sheets of this species, marked
Anatherum inerme Griseb., ‘3480 Cuba 1860-64,” and ‘‘898=3480, Cub. oce. 1863.’’ I
have not seen the type of Anatherwm inerme (Steud.) Griseb.« (Andropogon inermis
Steud.)°, which is from Venezuela, but Hackel placesit under Andropogon spathiflorus
as variety inermis.¢ LI do not see that Wright’s 3480 differs from 3481. Nees’s type at
Munich is the same. One sheet of this species in the Gray Herbarium is marked
“34805481” and is from ‘‘pinales (wet), Los Almacigos, July 29;”’ another from the
same locality is marked ‘‘3481=3480.”’
12, Andropogon tener (Nees) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 2: 565, 1832.
Schizachyrium tenerum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 336. 1829,
Wright 3482; Herradura, Tracy 9065.
Grisebach’sspecimen is labeled ‘*Cub. occ. 1863”? and is numbered ‘‘914=3482.”? The
Wright specimen in the National Herbarium has an 1865 label. Wright’s 3482 in the
Gray Herbarium is from “‘savannas, Almacigos, July 25.’’ One sheet of Wright’s 1558
in the Gray Herbarium is this species, the other is A. brevifolius.
13, Andropogon virginicus L. Sp. Pl. 1046. 1753.
Wright 3901; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker & Wilson HC 599; Guanabacoa, Leon 193.
The Sauvalle specimen has no data. The Wright specimen in the National Her-
barium bears an 1865 label,
« Cat. Pl. Cub. 236. 1866. ¢ Mart. Il. Bras, 2%: 296. 1888.
> Syn. Pl, Glum. 1: 390. 1854.
HITCHCOCK—-GRASSES OF CUBA. 195
10. HOLCUS L. Sp. Pl. 1047. 1753.4
1. Holcus halepensis lL. Sp. Pl. 2: 1047. 1753.
Andropogon halepensis Brot. Fl. Lusit. 1: 89. 1804.
Sorghum halepense Pers. Syn. 1: 101. 1805.
Habana, Curtiss 561, Leon 271; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 503, Hitchcock in
1906; Guanajay, Palmer & Riley 664, 815; without data, Wright 3488; Vedado, Leon
424,
Wright’s 3488 in the Grisebach Herbarium bears the data, ‘Cub. or. 1860-64, fields
near Matanzas.”’
11. SORGHASTRUM Nash in Britton, Man. 71. 1901.0
Awn 10 to 15 mm. long.............2200.0-0-..0.20.-2022-2--2---- lL. S. francavillanum.
Awn not over 2mm. long..........2220.00.0.00.0 002222 e cee 2. 8. sefosum.
1. Sorghastrum francavillanum (I ourn.).
Andropogon francavillanus Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 56. 1886.
Pinar del Rio, Wright 3896; Herradura, Baker 11C 2179. ;
The Sauvalle specimen has two labels, ‘‘Sandy pine woods Oct.,’’ and ‘‘ Low savan-
nas and pinales Sept.’ The Wright specimen in the National Herbarium has an 1865
label. This species has a loose panicle, with slender branches; the spikelets are about
5 mm, long, light brown, sparsely pilose on the lower half; the pedicel of the upper
spikelet about 4 mm. long, awn 10 to 15 mm. Jong, once, or more or less twice, genicu-
late; blades long and folded or convolute, about 3 mm. wide. I have not seen Four-
nier’s type of this, but his description applies to the Cuban plant.
2. Sorghastrum setosum ((rriseb.).
Andropogon setosus Griseb. Cat. PI. Cub. 255, 1866.
Wright 3897.
The specimen in Grisebach’s herbarium, which is the type, has a blank label
of 1865 and bears the secondary number 208. The Sauvalle Herbarium contains
a specimen accompanied by a similar label with no. ‘‘208” and a second of the same
kind, with no. ‘3897” and also a label with habitat, ‘‘Bushy savannas, Hanabana,
June 1.’ This is a duplicate type. Wright’s 3897 in the Gray Herbarium is from
“Bushy savannas, Hanabana, June 6.”’
The inflorescence is comparatively dense; the spikelets smaller than in the pre-
ceding, only about 3 to 3.5 mm. long, long-pilose all over; pedicel of the upper
spikelet 2 to 3 mm. long; awn none or short and exserted | to 2 mm.; blades flat,
5 mm. wide, about 15 cm. long.
12. RHAPHIS Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 552. 1790.
1. Rhaphis pauciflora (Chapm.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 67. 1903.
Sorghum pauciflorum Chapm. Bot. Gaz, 8:20, 1878.
Sandy pine woods, Pinar del Rio, Wright 3895; Isle of Pines, Taylor 46.
This is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana as ‘‘ Andropogon (Chrysopogon) wrightii
Munro,”’ but is without description. Under this are mentioned nos, 293 and 263.
« Holeus sorghum L. must be considered the type of the genus Holcus since it is
the most important economic species of the genus and further, since, in the fifth edi-
tion of his Genera Plantarum, Linnzus refers to the genus Sorgum Mich feli] as a
synonym of Holcus.
6 Poranthera Raf. (Ser. Bull. Bot. 1: 221. 1830) has for its type Andropogon nutans
L., but the name was previously used for a genus of Euphorbiaceae (Rudge, Trans.
Linn. Soc. 10: 302, 1811), The type species of Sorghastrum Nash is Andropogon
avenaceum Michx., which is the same as A. nutans LL.
196 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The latter | have not seen. Wright’s 293 isin the Gray Herbarium, labeled as above,
with the herbarium name of Munro.
13. HETEROPOGON Peis. Syn. 2:.503. 1s07,
1. Heteropogon contortus (1..) Roem. & Schult. Syst. 2:836. 1817,
Andropogon contortus L. Sp. Pl. 2: 1045, 1753.
Andropogon secundus Willd.; Nees, Agrost. Bras. 364. 1829, in note.
Eastern Cuba, Wright 1559.
This specimen is in the Grisebach Herbarium and is listed in Grisebach’s cat-
alogue of Cuba plants as Andropogon (Jleteropogon) secundus. (Heteropogon secun-
dus Presl is a species of Trachypogon.) Sauvalle lists no, 1559 as Andropogon con-
tortus, but there is no specimen of this number in the Sauvalle Herbarium. One
is found, however, in the Gray Herbarium.
14. NAZIA Adans. Fam. Pl. 2:31, O81. 1765.
1. Nazia aliena (Spreng.) Scribn. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 17: 28. 1899,
Lappago aliena Spreng. Neue Entd. 3: 15, 1822.
Wright 3489, without data.
The Grisebach specimen was collected ‘‘ 1860-64." This is listed in Sauvalle’s
Flora Cubana as Lappago racemosa.
15. ANTHEPHORA Schreb. Beschr. Gris. 2: 105, pl. 44, 1810.
1. Anthephora hermaphrodita (l..) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2:759, 1891.
Tripsacum hermaphroditum L. Syst. ed. 10, 2: 1261. 1759.
Anthephora elegans Schreb. Beschr. Gras. 2: 105, 1810.
In sand along the shore La Palma Sola, Aug. 7, Wright 3890; Santiago de las
Vegas, Van Hermann HC 2694, Hitchcock in 1906; Herradura, Baker HC 2691; La
Magdalena, Baker HC 3634; Cienfuegos, Combs 257 in Gray Herbarium.
This is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana as 3870. The Sauvalle specimen is
marked 3890, as is the specimen in the National Herbarium. The former speci-
men is accompanied by a second label with the secondary number 308, which is
the only number with the Grisebach specimen.
16. ARUNDINELLA Raddi, Agrost. Bras. 37. pl. 1. f. 3. 1823.
Awn bent, tightly twisted below. ..........--------+--eee eee eee 2. A. martinicensis.
Awn bent, but not tightly twisted.
Blades flat, over | em. wide; panicle dense, 30 cm. or more
long... ee eee eee eee 1. A. deppeana.
Blades more or less folded, less than | cm. wide; panicle
loose, not elongated.............2.-.22020222 252 e eee eee 3. A. perwoiana.
1. Arundinella deppeana Nees, Bonplandia 3: 84. 1855.
Arundinella phragmitoides Griseb. Cat. PL. Cub, 234. 1866.
Wright 3479; Madruga, Curtiss 662, Britton & Shafer 647 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard. ;
Pinar del Rio, Palmer & Riley 70; Shafer 304 in Herb. N. Y. Bot, Gard.; without
locality, Otto 268.
Grisebach’s specimen is from western Cuba in 1863 and is numbered **933=3479.”
I have not seen Nees’s type, ‘‘ Seemann n. 428, Panama.’ Nees describes the awn
as 6 lines long, strongly geniculate in the middle and not twisted. This can only
apply to A. phragmitoides and to A. peruviana. Nees further states that the leaves
are smooth and one-half inch wide, and the panicle over a foot long and 4 inches
thick. This applies best to A. phragmitoides, though the blades are usually more
or less pilose. Specimens in the National Herbarium are as follows: Mexico: Lieb-
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 197
mann 629, 630; Langlassé 608; C. T. Smith 1892; Bottert 730, 731, 734; Palmer 1264,
1920. Guatemala: Heyde & Lur 3907; Maron & Hay 3526; Rock in 1887; World’s
Fair Commission in 1893. Salvador: Renson 207. Costa Rica: Tonduz 9211.
2. Arundinella martinicensis Trin. Gram. Pan. 62. 1826.
Arundinella pallida Nees, Agrost. Bras. 465. 1829.
Thysanachne scoparia Presl, Rel. Haenk. 253. 1830.
Wright 3478.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba in 1860 and numbered 113=3478.”
Wright’s 3478 in the Gray Herbarium is from San Juan de Buenavista, Nov. 21.
These were compared with the type of Nees at Munich and that of Trinius at St.
Petersburg (from Martinique, Sieber 262). This species has an elongated dense panicle,
more or less folded blades, the bent awn twisted below. It ranges from Cuba and
Mexico to Brazil, and is represented in the National Herbarium by the following:
Porto Rico: Heller 934, 4355, 6256; Sintenis 361, 5797; Barrett 101. Santo Domingo:
Wright, Parry & Brummel 626. Jamaica: Eggers 3514. Mexico: Palmer 434, Costa
Rica: Pittier 11005; Tonduz 3672. Brazil: Glaziow 17433; Regnell 1414 (IIT).
Thysanachne scoparia Presl was published in the Symbolae Botanicae, the title
page date of which is 1882 and which, hence, is later than the Reliquiae Haenkeanac.
But the part containing the above species must have been published earlier, for in
the latter work@ is cited ‘7. seoparia. Presl de thysanachne, 1829. cum icone.”
There appears to be no such work by Presl except the portion of the Symbolae (pages
1] and 12 and:pl. 6) where Thysanachne and 7’. scoparia are described as if they were
there originally published. The species is based on Sieber 264 from Martinique.
Presl’s type from Mexico was examined at Prague. .
Pilger? refers the Porto Rico species to A. hispida (Willd.) Kuntze (Andropogon
hispidus Willd.), to which he also refers 1. brasiliensis Raddi. I have not seen the
type of either of the last two species, but in Trinius’s herbarium is the type of Gold-
bachia mikani Trin., which is included by Pilger in the list of synonyris of 1. hispida,
This I consider distinct from A. pallida, as did Nees, and it is what I take to be
A. brasiliensis Raddi. This is also the A. brasiliensis of Hackelin Martius’s Flora Bra-
siliensis, as indicated by plate 38 and by specimens so named received from Professor
Hackel. The spikelets are smaller and the awn shorter, sometimes scarcely exserted.
This species is represented in the National Herbarium by the following: Mexico:
Liebmann 622, 635. Colombia: Pittier 1527. British Guiana: Mount Roraima Exped.
954. Brazil: Glaziow 17921, 20567 a; Henschen in 1868, Dusén 3875. Uruguay:
Arechavaleta.
3. Arundinella peruviana (Presl) Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: Il, 1854.
Thysanachne peruviana Presl, Rel. Haenk. 253. 1830.
Arundinella cubensis Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 533. 1862.4
Arundinella crinita Trin. Linnaea 10: 299. 1836.
Wright 1552.
Sheaths and blades pilose, the latter narrow and more or less folded, usually less
than 0.5 em. wide; panicle rather loose, not elongated as in A. martinicensis; awn
slender and bowed back like a shepherd’s crook, but not twisted. The type of
A. cubensis from eastern Cuba, no. 1552 in 1859, is in the Grisebach Herbarium.
Another specimen also from eastern Cuba, 1860, is numbered “1 1o= 1552.”7
The types above cited, namely, those of Presl at Prague, Grisebach at Géttingen,
and Trinius at St. Petersburg, agree with each other and are well characterized by
the shape of the awn. Additional specimens in the National Herbarium are as fol-
lows: Mexico: Liebmann 621, 625, 632, 634; Bourgeau 1660, 2223; Palmer 12, 526,
@ Rel. Haenk. 253. ¢ Agrost. Bras. 465, 1829.
b In Urb. Symb. Antill. 4: 80. 1905. @ Pl. Wright. 2.
198 +» CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
652; Pringle 3133. Guatemala: Cook & Griggs 691. Costa Rica: Pittier 2407, 11246;
Biolley 7469; Tonduz 4867. Brazil: Commis, Geogr. 8. Paulo 2800.
In the collection of Haenke at the herbarium of the German University at Prague
there are, under Thysanachne peruviana, two specimens. One is accompanied by the
laber, “‘Peruan. mont. guanoc. Hanke.’’ This specimen corresponds to Presl’s
description of this species and agrees with a duplicate in the Bernhardi Herbarium
at the Missouri Botanical Garden figured by Scribner.¢ The other specimen is
A, martinicensis Trin.
17. TRISCENTA Grisehb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser, 8: 534. 1862.
1. Triscenia ovina Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser, 8: 534, 1862.
Banks of creeks, May 28. Wright 756.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba in 1859, no. 756.
Grisebach © cites this number also under Jsachne leersioides. This appears to be an
error, as in Grisebach’s herbarium this number occurs only with T'riscenia ovina.
Wright’s 756 in the Gray Ilerbarium is from ‘‘banks of Pinal Creek in small dense
tufts, Monte Verde, Aug. 10, 1859.”’
18. REIMAROCHLOA gen. nov.
Spikelets lanceolate, acuminate, solitary, subsessile along one side of a flattened
narrow rachis (the back of the fertile lemma turned toward it), forming few to several
slender racemes, approximate at the summit of the culm, spreading or reflexed at
maturity; glumes obsolete except in the terminal spikelet in which one glume is
frequently present; sterile lemma exceeding the fruit; fertile lemma scarcely indu-
rated, faintly nerved, long-acuminate, inrolled at the base only, the palea of similar
texture, free nearly half its length.
Perennials of the tropics and subtropics of the Western Hemisphere.
The genus Reimaria as established by lliigge on the single differentiating character
“uniglumis,’’ included three species, the first two of which, R. candida and R: elegans,
differ from Paspalum only in having spikelets without glumes, a character which is
unreliable in this group of Paniceae. The third species, R. acufa, together with
those added to Reimaria by later authors, constitutes a distinct genus distinguished
by the characters in the diagnosis above. Considering that Fliigge’s three spe-
cies are not congencric, but that the first two on the one hand and the third on the
other must be separated, it is necessary that the name Reimaria go with the larger
group.° Reimaria then becomes a synonym of Paspalum, or if the glumeless species,
P. candidum UW. B. K., P. pulchellum IL. B. K., P. elongatum Griseb., etce., be con-
sidered generically distinct, the name would apply to this group. For R. acuta and its
allied species the above name is proposed with Reimaria acuta lliigge as the type:
Reimarochloa acuta (I"liigee), Paspalum vaginatum Sw. and P. distichum 1. (in
which both glumes are occasionally present) in habit and texture of the acute fruits
show a closer affinity to this genus than do the glumeless species mentioned above,
Spikelets about 2 mm. long..........002.00.00022020020222.-20--- 1. R. brasiliensis.
Spikelets about 5 mm. long.....2..2. 2002000. 2. R. oligostachya.
|. Reimarochloa brasiliensis (Spreny.).
Agrostis brasiliensis Spreng. Nov. Prov. Hal. 45. 1819.
Reimaria brasiliensis Schlecht. Bot. Zeit. 10: 17. 1852.
Panicum oxyanthum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 41. 1854.
Wright 3437; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 497.
Grisebach’s specimen of this-number is from “‘savannas, Hanabana, May 22.”
Another specimen in his herbarium from ‘‘low wet ground around ponds, Hanabana’”’
@ Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10: pl. 6. 1899.
bCat. Pl. Cub. 234. 1866.
¢ American Code, Canon 15 (Bull. Torr. Club 81: 175. 1904); Vienna Code, Art. 45.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 199
bears the secondary number 206. The specimen in the Gray Herbarium is labeled,
‘Wet savannas, Candelaria, June 5, 1860-64." The type of Panicum oxyanthum
Steud. labeled ‘‘Ins. St. Domingo, Legit Poiteau 1802 cf. hrbr Delessert 54” in the
museum at Paris, isa small specimen of this species; that in the Delessert Herbarium
is a good specimen.
2. Reimarochloa oligostachya (Munro).
Reimaria oligostachya Munro; Benth, Journ. Linn. Soc. 19: 34. 1882.
Wright 3854 in National Herbarium.
This number of Wright’s is mentioned in the original description, though the
type is Curtiss 3566 from Florida, The specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium with
the number 3854 is Paspalum vaginatum Sw. In the Grisebach Herbarium is a
specimen of Reimarochloa oligostachya labeled ‘‘Damp ground around ponds Hana-
bana,” 1865, and bearing the secondary number 180. The sheet of Wright 3854
in the Gray Herbarium bears two plants of K. oligostachya and one of Paspalum
distichum.
19. PASPALUM I. Syst. ed. 10, 855. 1759.
d
—
Rachis dilated and membranaceous. ....------------------+++++- 9. P, dissectum.
Rachis not dilated and membranaceous.
Racemes terminal and also from the uppermost sheath.
Blades pubescent on both surfaces.......-.---+------- 7. 2.
Blades glabrous or nearly so, often ciliate on margins.
Blades ciliate, 4 to 5 mm. wide..........----------25. P.
Blades not ciliate.
‘Blades less than 2 mm. wide; first glume
obsolete......------- 2-5-2 - 2-22 e eee eee eee 27. P. rigidifolium.
Blades about 1 cm. wide; first glume present. .23. P. pedunculatum.
Racemes terminal only.
Racemes in pairs—that is, normally 2 and approxi-
~~
debile.
~
propinquum.,
~
mate.
Plants with creeping rootstocks.
Spikelets pubescent on convex surface......-- 10. P. distichum.
Spikelets glabrous on convex surface.........- 30. P. vaginatum.
Plants without creeping rootstocks.
Both glumes obsolete.....-...------------+-- 26. P. pulchellum.
First glume only obsolete.
Spikelets circular 1.5 mm. long or less.
Spikelets papillose or nearly glabrous. . 2: . papillosum.
Spikelets villous on the margins . -.-- 6. P. conjugatum.
Spikelets lanceolate or elliptical, 2 mm.
long or more.
Spikelets loosely imbricated; spikes
bo
bo
SS
ascending.......--------+----------15. P. lineare.
Spikelets densely imbricated; spikes
spreading.
Spikelets 2 mm. long.....-------- 18. P. minus.
Spikelets 3 mm. long.......------ 20. P. notatum.
Racemes 1 to several; if 2, the lower at some distance
below the terminal and the number not constant.
“Racemes usually 1, sometimes 2.
Spikelets transversely wrinkled.
Blades involute, glabrous, elongated, 40
to 60 em. long...--.-----------------++- 12. P. filiforme.
Blades flat, pubescent, 5 to 15 em. long. ..19. P. nanum,
200 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. |
Spikelets not transversely wrinkled.
Pubescence glandular. .................. 5. P. clavuliferum.
Pubescence if present not glandular.
Spikelets about 1 mm. long...,......29. P. rupestre.
Spikelets 2 to 3 mm. long.
Blades short, 10 cm. long, villous. .28. P. rottboellioides.
Blades elongated 30 to 50 cm.
long, glabrous.........22....... lL. P. alterniflorum.
Racemes more than 1, often numerous.
First glume present.................2.......-. 4. P. ciliiferum.
First glume obsolete.
Sterile lemma transversely wrinkled:
spikelets brown.
Spikelets obovate....................24. P. plicatulum.
Spikelets elliptical... .. 2.2.0.0... ll. P. elatum.
Sterile lemma not transversely wrinkled.
Racemes few, mostly 2 to 4,
Spikelets flattened...............16. P. lividum.
Spikelets distinctly convex.
Spikelets pubescent.
Pubescence glandular... 2. P. arenarium.
Pubescence not glandu-
| 2 caespitosum,
Spikelets glabrous,
Spikelets elliptical,
about 1 mm. wide ....13. P. glabrum.
Spikelets circular, about
2mm. wide........... 14. P. hemicryptum.
Racemes numerous.
Spikelets pubescent.
Spikelets hemispherical,
slightly exceeding 1 mm.
long.......22...2.022..2..-21. P. paniculatum.
Spikelets flatter, 2mm. long. .31. P. virgatum.
Spikelets glabrous.
Axis long-pilose............. 8. P. densum.
Axis not pilose.
Spikelets elliptical,
about 3mm. long. ....32. P. virgatum
schreberianum.
Spikelets obovate-circu-
lar, 2 to 2.5 mm. long. .17. P, millegrana.
|. Paspalum alterniflorum Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 299. 1850.
Paspalum dolichophyllum Hack. Inf. Est. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 409, 1906.
Wright 3841; Guanabacoa, Leon 117 in part; Habana, Tracy 9105, Baker, Tracy &
Hasselbring in 1907, Leon 564, 585; Marianao, Leon 581. Calabazon, Baker & O’ Dono-
van HC 4545; Matanzas, Rugel 894 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.
Grisebach’s specimen of this species was collected in 1865 and is accompanied by
the data, ‘‘In small dense tufts, low savannas, Hanabana, May 19.”’ The sheet bears
the secondary number 167. The Sauvalle specimen is accompanied by the two
numbers, 3841 and 167, thus connecting the two. In the Grisebach Herbarium is
a specimen of this collected in Cuba by Rugel and numbered 753a. Grisebach refers @
to ‘Rug. 894” under thisname. Richard’s type is at Paris,
@Cat. Pl. Cub. 231. 1866.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 201
2. Paspalum arenarium Schrad.; Schult. Mant. 2: 172. 1824.
Paspalum simpsoni Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 29. 1897.
Wright 3443 in part, in National Herbarium, and in Gray Herbarium.
Spikelets similar to those of P. caespitosum (Wright 3443, in part, in National Her-
barium), but glandular-pubescent; leaves mostly near the base of the plant, the
blades ciliate on the margins, otherwise glabrous, flat, less than 10 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm.
wide; spikes 1 to 3.
From this P. longepedunculatum Le Conte of the southeastern United States differs
in having glabrous spikelets and longer, thinner blades. Pittier 1847 from Honduras
should also be referred to P. arenarium.
3. Paspalum caespitosum Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 161. 1810.
Low wet woods, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3443 in part; Cojimar, Baker
HG 2899, 2903, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia, Tracy 9087, [Hitchcock in 1906; Habana,
Leon 268; Batabano, Hitchcock in 1906; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 11, 286 in Herb.
N.Y. Bot. Gard., Britton & Shafer 63 in Ilerb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Grisebach’s specimens of this are labeled ‘‘910=3443” from western Cuba, 1863,
and “97=3443” from eastern Cuba, 1860. A third ‘'290=3444,” collected in 1865,
agrees with these and not with 3444 [see P. clavuliferum Wright]. There are two
sheets of Wright’s specimens in the Gray Herbarium numbered 3444, of which one is
Paspalum clavuliferum, the other P. caespitosum. The latter is labeled “In crevices
of rocks in the channel of the river Santa Cruz, Aug. 27.’’ Wright’s 3443 in the Gray
Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Rocky ridges, Holguin-Barajugua, Aug. 21.”
4. Paspalum ciliiferum (Nash).
Dimorphostachys ciliifera Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 78. 1903.
Arroyo Naranjo, Leon 587; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 148; Madruga, Britton &
Shafer 751, both in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard. .
5. Paspalum clavuliferum Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 203, 1871; Sauv.
Fl. Cub. 195.
Paspalum falcula Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras, 2°:60. 1877.
Wright 3444 in National Herbarium.
This resembles P. papillosum Spreng., but the spikes are usually solitary instead
of in pairs and the spikelets obovate instead of orbicular. The type of this is in the
Gray Herbarium. The plant in the Sauvalle Herbarium under this number is a
different species, as are the two specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium which are said
to be ““=3444” (cf. P. caespitosum and P. rupestre of this list), Salzmann’s specimen
in Trinius’s herbarium from Bahia, labeled Paspalum horticola Salzm., belongs to
this species. Salzmann’s name was mentioned as a synonym by Steudel under
P. papillosum.« To P. clavuliferum may be referred Pringle 2359 and 11762 from
Mexico, and Smith 175 from Colombia.
6. Paspalum conjugatum Berg. Act. Helv. 7: 129. 1772.
Roadsides, Hanabana, Wright 767; Herradura, Baker HC 2672, Hitchcock in 1906;
mountains north of San Diego de los Bafios, Palmer & Riley 541; Santiago de las
Vegas, Baker HC 2658, 2659, Wilson 543, 1006, [Hitchcock in 1906; Sagua, Britton &
Wilson 265; valley of the St. Augustine, Britton & Wilson 510, 515; Guajay, Wilson
342: Habana, Wilson 1277, Leon 302. The following are in the herbarium of the
New York Botanical Garden: Isle of Pines Curtiss in 1904; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor
146; Baracoa, Underwood & Farle 1162; Cuba, Rugel 788; Matanzas, Rugel 912.
7. Paspalum debile Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1:44, 1803.
Paspalum villosissimum Nash, Bull. Torr, Club 24:40. 1897.
Herradura, [Hitchcock in 1906.
«¢ Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1:17. 1854.
202 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
8. Paspalum densum Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 5:32. 1804.
Dense bunches in ponds, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3447.
There is a second specimen of this species in the Sauvalle Herbarium, without
locality, erroneously numbered 3462. In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two
specimens of this species, one from western Cuba, 1863, numbered ‘‘866=3447,”’
the other from ‘‘ Low wet savannas; Hanabana,’’ 1865.
9. Paspalum dissectum (L.) L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 81. 1762.
Panicum dissectum L. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
Paspalum membranaceum Walt. Fl. Car. 75. 1788.
Low grounds around ponds, procumbent. Hanabana, June 10, Wright 169 [Sec-
ondary number]. ,
The same number occurs in the Grisebach Herbarium. A second specimen of this
species, from eastern Cuba, 1860, is numbered ‘‘ 98=3440.’’ The specimen in the
National Herbarium is numbered 3440. For a discussion of the type of P. dissectum
L., see Contr. Nat. Herb. 12: 115. 1908.
10. Paspalum distichum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2:855. 1759.
Wright 1546; Habana, Curtiss 764; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker & Wilson 385;
Playa de Marianao, Palmer & Riley 848; Herradura, Tracy 9056; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss in 1904; Matanzas, Britton d: Wilson 67, both in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Grisebach’s specimen of Wright's 1546 is from eastern Cuba; a second specimen of
the same species is from western Cuba, 1863, and is numbered ‘‘911=1546.’’ In the
National Herbarium is a sheet of Wright’s with the secondary number 292 which is
part this species and part 2’. vaginalum Sw.
ll. Paspalum elatum Rich.; Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. 22:78. 1877.
Wright 3843.
This specimen is referred to this species from description only, as no authentic
specimens of 2. elatum have been examined. It is a much taller grass than P. plica-
tulum Michx., which it resembles, with more elliptical and less convex spikelets.
12. Paspalum filiforme Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
Paspalim swartzianum Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 96. 1810.
Paspalum approximatum Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2°: 82. 1877.
In pastures forming tufts, Retiro, July, Wright 769; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 523, 374,
Palmer & Riley 949; Guanabacoa, Hitchcock in 1906; Rincon, Britton & Wilson 477
in Herb, N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Grisebach’s specimen of Wright 769 was collected, ‘‘1860-1864,”’ ‘‘in the edge of
woods, Hanabana, May 28.’? Another of his specimens with the secondary number
165, in 1865 is also from Hanabana, May 23, ‘‘in small tufts.’’
Doell © refers P. filiforme Sw. to P. caespitosum Fligge. This is not the plant that
Swartz describes, as is shown by the original description in the Prodromus and the
later amplified description in his Flora.’ Swartz describes his plant as having a
single spike, ovate spikelets, and filiforme leaves, while P. caespitosum has 3 to 5
spikes, oblong-obovate spikelets, and flat blades.
13. Paspalum glabrum Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 5: 30. 1804.
Paspalum bakert Hack. Inf. Est. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 410. 1906.
Habana, Baker 1824; Triscornia, [Hitchcock in 1906; without locality, Wright 298;
Matanzas, Rugel 869 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
In the Grisebach Herbarium is a specimen of P. glabrum labeled, ‘‘In small tufts,
E
sand banks near the sea, Palma Sola, July 15,’? 1865, and bearing the secondary number
a Loe. cit. 6B. Ind. Oce. 1:136. 1797.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 2038
298. This species is represented in the Gray Herbarium by Wright 3846, a number
which is not mentioned in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana. P. hellert Nash of Porto: Rico
differs in having somewhat smaller pubescent spikelets.
14. Paspalum hemicryptum Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 204, 1871;
Sauv. Fl. Cub. 196.
Paspalum inops Vasey, Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 281. 1893.
Low savannas, El Salado, August, Wright 3847.
The type of P.inops Vasey (Palmer 592 from Guadalajara, Mexico, in the National
Herbarium) agrees with Wright’s type in the Gray Herbarium.
15. Paspalum lineare Trin. Gram, Pan. 99. 1826.
Herradura, Baker 3459; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 379.
The type in the Trinius Herbarium is from Brazil, collected by Langsdorff, and is
included in the same cover with P. angustifolium Nees. Trinius published the latter
name on the same page of the work cited, but preceding P. lineare on the page. The
type is said to be from ‘‘Brazil (N. ab Esenb.).” The type specimen is labeled
“Paspalum angustifolium N. ab Es. In Brasilia. Mis Auctore.” This specimen,
however, is not P. lineare, but has, as described, smaller spikelets with rugose trans-
versely wrinkled glumes. P. angustifolium as described three years later? is the
same as P. lineare Trin., while variety / is P. angustifolium as described by Trinius.
Consequently P. neesii Kunth is a typonym of P. angustifolium, since Kunth changes
the name of the latter on account of the earlier P. angustifolium Le Conte, but the
name does not apply to the Cuba plant under consideration.
16. Paspalum lividum Trin.; Schlecht. Linnaea 2: 383. 1854.
Habana, Leon 272, 571, Tracy 9119; Marianao, Leon 588.
This Mexican species is probably a recent introduction into Cuba. The type
from Hacienda de la Laguna, Mexico, Schiede, in the Trinius Herbarium, is included
in the cover of P. denticulatum Trin., but the two specimens are not the same species.
The latter has larger spikelets.
17. Paspalum millegrana Schrad.; Schult. Mant. 2: 175. 1824.¢
Paspalum underwoodii Nash, Bull. Torr, Club 830: 375. 1903.
Paspalum lentiginosum Presl, err. det. Mez in Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 82, 1903.
Habana, Tracy 9121; without locality, Wright 3840.
The Sauvalle specimen is also numbered 170. As I have not examined Schrader’s
type the reference to this is only provisional and based on description. Our specimens
are the same as P. vulnerans Salzm., from Bahia, as distributed to the National Her-
barium. Other specimens in the National Herbarium to be referred here are: Porto
Rico: Britton & Cowell 1449, Heller 4368, Goll 923, Underwood & Griggs 149, Jamaica:
Britton 841 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
18. Paspalum minus Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2:6. 1886.
Herradura, Baker & Abarea HC 4180, Tracy 9093, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines,
Palmer & Riley, 978; without locality, Wright 3438; Guanabacoa, Leon 117 in part;
La Magdalena, Baker 2. The following are in the herbarium of the New York Botan-
ical Garden: Sagua, Britton & Wilson in 1903; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 477; Isle of
Pines, Curtiss in 1904.
These agree with the duplicate type in the National Herbarium (Mexico, Bourgeau
2298). The spikelets are about 2mm. long. Wright's 3438 in the National Herbarium
is partly this and partly P. notatum. Grisebach’s specimen, from western Cuba,
1863, numbered ‘(936=3438,"’ is all P. minus. The other specimens in this cover
«Bull. Torr. Club 30: 376. 1903.
b Nees, Agrost. Bras. 64. 1829.
e The specific name as used by Schrader is a noun,
204 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
have spikelets 3 mm. long and are P?. nofatum (Jamaica, Alerander; Trinidad, Sieber
364, labeled P. taphrophyllum Steud.; Antigua, Wudllschlaegel). A part of Wright
3438 in the Torrey Herbarium is P. minus and a part is P. notatum.
19. Paspalum nanum Wright; Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 280. 1866.
Paspalum caudicatum Wright, Anal. Acad, Cienc, Habana 8:205. 1871; Sauy. Fl.
Cub. 196.
Wright 176 (secondary number); sandy pine woods, Pinar del Rio, October, Wright
3866; Herradura, /Tiichcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Taylor 40, Curtiss in 1904, both in
Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The type of P. nanum is Wright 176 in the Grisebach Herbarium, collected in
“Bushy savannas, Hanabana, June 1,”’ 1865. This agrees with Wright 3866, the
type of P. caudicatum, in the Gray Herbarium.
The specimen in the National Herbarium is numbered 3842. The specimen in
the Grisebach Herbarium bears the label, ‘176. Bushy savannas. Hanabana,
June 1.”
Spikelets sent by Professor Le Comte” from the plant supposed to be the type of
Paspalum lindenianum Rich.» show this plant to be the same as P. nanum Wright,
but this species does not agree with Richard’s description in so far as the blades are
said to be glaucous and glabrous except the ciliate margins, while in P. nanum the
blades are pubescent on the surface, Pending a further examination of the type the
name P. nanum is retained.
20. Paspalum notatum Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 106. ISL0.
Herradura, [Hitchcock in 1906, Baker WC 2968; Arroyo Galiano, O’ Donovan HC 5210;
Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1119; Lomas de Managua, Baker & Wilson HC 299;
Habana, Baker, Tracy & [Hasselbring WC 3097, Tracy 9118; Guines, Leon 117b; Matan-
zas, Britton & Wilson 444 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.
As stated above, a part of Wright 3438 in the National Herbarium is this species
and a part is P. minus Fourn. The spikelets of the species as here understood are
about 8mm. long. The type has not been examined. The Baker & Wilson plant,
HC 299, cited above, is larger than the other specimens, with spikelets 4 mm. long,
and may be a distinct species. Wright’s 8438 in the Gray Herbarium is P. noltatum;
it is labeled ‘‘Savannas Chirigote, July 11.’) This number in the Torrey Herbarium
is part P. notatum and part P. minus.
21. Paspalum paniculatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855. 1759.
Savannas, Retiro, Wright 766; San Diego de los Batios, Palmer & Riley 544; El
Guama, Palmer & Riley 179a; hills near Candelaria, Farle & Wilson HC 1625; Guines,
Leon 579; Cienfuegos, Combs 295 in Gray Ilerbarium. The following are in the her-
barium of the New York Botanical Garden: Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 576; Santiago
de Cuba, Taylor 377; Jaguey, Eggers 5317.
Grisebach’s specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1859, no. 766. Nashe¢ applies this name
to Panicum Jasciculatum Sw., but as has been shown elsewhere@ the name Paspalum
paniculatum WL. should be applied to the Linnean plant, as heretofore, and not to
the Sloane plate cited, through error, by Linneeus,
22. Paspalum papillosum Sprene. Nov. Prov. Hal. 47. 1819.
Paspalum pittiert Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 61: 233. 1901,
Low savannas, Chirigote, October 26, Wright 3844; Herradura, Baker HO 2954, 4185,
Mitcheock in 1906.
“See footnote, p. 193.
6 Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11:299. 1850.) The type is Linden 1813.
¢ Bull. Torr. Club 80: 381. 1903.
@ Contr. Nat. Herb. 12: 116. 1908.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 205
I have not seen the type of this species, but in the Trinius Herbarium there is a
specimen labeled ‘Paspalum papillosum Sprengel, mis. cl. auctor.’”? The Cuban
plants agree with this, except that the spikelets are less glandular, the flat surface
being quite glabrous. Agreeing with Sprengel’s specimen are two in the Trinius
Herbarium, one collected by Salzmann in Bahia labeled ‘‘ Paspalum horticola.meri-
tima Salzm.’’ and another by Riedel at Bahia in 1831. Tonduz’s 4474 from Costa Rica
belongs here. Wright’s 3444 in the Torrey Herbarium is P. papillosum.
23. Paspalum pedunculatum Poir. Encycl. Suppl. 4: 315. 1816.
Paspalum decumbens Sw. Prod. 22. 1788, not Rottb. 1778.
Panicum decumbens Roem. & Schult. Syst. 2:429. 1817.
Paspalum vaginiflorum Steud. Syn. Pl. Gluim. 1: 19. 1854.
Dimorphostachys pedunculata Fourn, Mex. Pl. 2:15. 1886.
Banks of Rio San Sebastian, Pinar del Rio, December, Wright 3851; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss 327.
A second Wright label reads, ** Damp woods, Rangel, Dec.”
Steudel’s type, from ‘Guiana, Lenormand”™ is in the museum at Paris.
24, Paspalum plicatulum Michx. I'l. Bor. Amer, 1: 45. 1803.
Savannas, Retiro, Wright 768; in small tults, pinales, Pinar del Rio, Wright 3839;
Magay, Baker & Wilson HC 354; Santiago de las Vegas, Wilson 420, 421, 425, Baker
9056, 3112, 3113, 3454, Baker & Wilson, 545, 596, Hitchcock in 1906; La Magdalena,
Baker 5,7; Wabana, Tracy, 9117; Herradura, Tracy 9051, 9052, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle
of Pines, Palmer & Riley 947, Taylor 38; Cientuegos, Combs 262 in Gray Herbarium.
The following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Isle of Pines,
Curtiss in 1904; Alto Cedro, Underwood & Earle 1621; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson
429; Sagua, Britton & Wilson 280, 289, 937; La Soledad, Eggers, 5405.
- The Grisebach specimen, from ‘‘edge of savannas, Hanabana, May 19,’ 1856, bears
the secondary number 166. Wright’s 768 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled, “‘Savan-
nas, Chirigote, July 11.”
95. Paspalum propinquum Nash, Bull. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 291. 1899.
Wright 3845.
2. Paspalum pulchellum Kunth, Mem. Mus, Ilist. Nat. 2: 68. Isl.
Reimaria elegans Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 216. 1510, not Paspalum elegans Kunth,
Enum. 1:59. 1833.
Wright 3439; Herradura, [Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in Herb.
N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The specimen in the National Herbarium bears the secondary number 171. One of
the Grisebach specimens is from western Cuba in 1863, and is numbered ‘'915=3439;”’
the other bears the secondary number 171 and is labeled *‘ Bushy savannas, Hanabana,
May 24, 1865.’’ One sheet of this in the Torrey Herbarium is numbered 3839.
27. Paspalum rigidifolium Nash, Bull. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 292. 1899.
Wright 3442.
The Grisebach specimen of this species, collected in western Cuba in 1863, bears the
number ‘9053442... Wright’s 3442 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Savannas,
Chirigote, July 11.”
28. Paspalum rottboellioides Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 204. 1871;
Sauv. Fl. Cub. 195.
Wright 3864; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 375, Taylor 41; Herradura, Baker & Dimmock
HC 4813. .
The type of this species is Wright 3864 in the Gray Herbarium.
206 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
29. Paspalum rupestre Trin. Linnaea 10: 293. 1836.
Wright 3444, 3445; near Habana, /Zitehcock in 1906; Leon 286.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1860, numbered “ 109:=3445,”’ and
is labeled, “Paspalum lindenianum Rich. (Megaphyllum Steud.).? under whieh
name it is listed in Grisebach’s Catalogue of Cuban Plants.@ A second specimen is
from western Cuba, 1863, and is numbered ‘939=3445."’ A third specimen collected
in 1863 and numbered ‘943=3444,”’ is included by Grisebach in his cover of P. caes-
pilosum. Wright’s 3445 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Pinales near Baracoa,
June 15.”
30. Paspalum vaginatum Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
Digitaria foliosa Lag. Gen. & Sp. Noy. 4. 1816.
Hanabana, Doctor Robbins, Wright 3854; Habana, Curtiss 751; Batabano, Baker HC
2294, 1863.
The characters which separate this from P’. distichum 1.., the glabrous spikelets and
more or less suppressed midnerve of the glume, may prove to be inconstant, Grise-
bach’s specimen from western Cuba, 1863, numbered 947, is this species. A part of
Wright 1546 (1546a) in the Torrey Herbarium has ¢labrous spikelets, and consequently
would be referred to P?. vaginatum.
Lagasca’s type, labeled ‘ Digitaria foliosa sp. nu. ex Havana, Boldo iter,’ is in the
herbarium of the Botanical Garden at Madrid.
31. Paspalum virgatum I. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 855. 1759.
Paspalum leucocheilum Wright, Anal. Acad. Ciene. Habana 8: 203. I871; Sauv. Fl.
Cub. 194.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 501, Taylor 42, Palier a: Riley 1057; without locality, Wright
3446; La Magdalena, Baker HC 3626, Britton : Shafer 243 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard,:
Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HO 544, 595; Las Acostas, Baker HC 5242. 5246: Batabano,
Baker HC 3967; Arroyo Galiano, Baker HC 5211; Habana, Tracy, Baker & Hasselbring
HC 3085, Tracy 9120, 9122, 9123, 9124; Guanabacoa, Leon 195: Herradura, Tracy 9127,
Hitchcock in 1906; San Diego de los Baiios, Palmer & Riley 628; Guines, Leon 578,
Pinar del Rio, Shafer 479 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 155,
455 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Grisebach’s specimen is numbered 302 (labeled stramineum), while the specimen
in the Sauvalle Herbarium bears this number in addition to no. 3446. The type speci-
men of P. leucocheilum Wright is in the Gray Herbarium. The spikelets are somewhat
smaller than normal (2 mm. long), and the inflorescence consists of a single spike
partially concealed in the uppermost sheath. The spikelets have the shape and
pubescence of P. virgatum.
3la. Paspalum virgatum schreberianum Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 190. 1810.
Guanajay, Palmer & Riley 813 in part; Herradura, [itcheock in 1906: Batabano,
Hitcheock in 1906; Habana, Tracy 9125, 9126; Wright 3446 in Gray Herbarium; Rigel
898 in Gray Herbarium; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard,
Cienfuegos, Combs 262 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard,
This differs from P. virgatum in its scarcely pilose rachis and oblong-obovate, acute,
glabrous spikelets. [t appears to be a distinct species, but as the type has not been
examined, our plants are referred as above, rather than separated under a new name.
This form appears to be included in P. virgatum glabriusentum by Doell in Mar-
tius’s Flora Brasiliensis.®> Wright’s 3446 in Gray Herbarium is labeled, ‘In large
tufts on sand bars of the Baracoa near N. Sophie, Sept. 11.” ,
32. Paspalum sp.
Wright 3848.
This specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium is too fragmentary to identify. It
appears to belong to none of the species enumerated in the list. It is listed in Sau-
4See note under P. nanwmn. b 2°: 89. L877.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA, 207
valle’s Flora Cubana as ‘‘/??. swartzianum Fliigg?,’’ but it is not that species as here
understood. The specimen in the Gray Herbarium is less fragmentary. The blades
are long and narrow, 30 or 40 cm. long and less than 1 mm. wide; terminal spike
single; spikelets glabrous, 1.5 mm. long. A part of Wright 3444 in the Gray Her-
barium appears to be this species.
20. AXONOPUS Beauv. Agrost. 12. 1812,
1, Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv. Agrost. 12. 1812.
Milium compressum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
Paspalum compressum Rasp. Ann. Sci. Nat. [. 5: 301, 1825,
Wet places in roads and elsewhere Zarabanda, May 21, Wright 3849, Wright 3850,
Wright 763 in Gray Herbarium; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 306, 511; Habana, Curtiss 606,
Leon 298; Herradura, Hiteheock in 1906, Tracy 9092; San Antonio, Baker HC 2946,
Hitchcock in 1906; Santiago de las Vegas, [fitchcock in 1906; Managua, Baker & Wilson
314 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Matanzas. Britton d& Wilson 104 in Herb. N.Y.
Bot. Gard.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are two specimens of this species, one of 1865 labeled,
‘Roadside, Hanabana, May 18,” and bearing the secondary number 168, and one
of no. 765, 1860-64. The Sauvalle specimen of Wright 3850 has two labels, with
localities El Salado and Retiro. This number has narrower blades and larger spike-
lets, about 3mm. long. This may be Paspalum tristachyon Lam..” the type of which
IT have not seen. The sheet of Wright 3849 in the Gray Herbarium bears also a
specimen of Syntherisma digitata,
21. LEPTOCORYPHIUM Nees, Agrost. Bras. 83. 1829.
1. Leptocoryphium lanatum (II. Bb. kK.) Nees, Agrost. Bras, 83. 1829.
Paspalum lanatum Hf. B. K. Nov. Gen, & Sp. 1:94. 1816,
Wright 3429; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 440, 972, Curtiss 393; La Magdalena,
Baker HC 4555; Herradura, /itcheock in 1906, Tracy 9048, 9071. The following are
in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santa Clara, Britton d& Wilson
335; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 481; Cedro, Underwood d& Earle 1451, 1459.
Grisebach’s specimen, from western Cuba in 1863, is numbered ‘‘919=3429.”
Wright’s 3429 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled, ‘Wet savannas, Candelaria, June
3,” and ‘‘Savannas near Pinar del Rio, Dee. 11.”
22. ERIOCHLOA H. Bb. k. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:94. pl. 30. 31, 1816.
Blades filiform........-.- 2-2-2 - = eee |. KB filifolia.
Blades flat.
Fruit tipped with a slender awn | mm. long; blades 7 to 15 mm.
wide... 0.20. eee eee ee eee eee 2. ££. punctata.
Fruit merely apiculate; blades 2 to 3mm. wide.................3. E. ramosa.
1. Eriochloa filifolia sp. nov.
Plant cespitose; culms numerous, very slender, almost capillary, glabrous, 10
to 20 cm. high, erect or more or less geniculate below; leaves glabrous, blades very
narrow, convolute-setaceous, the lower about 10 cm. long, the upper shorter, the
uppermost | to 2 cm.; spikes mostly 2, erect, | to 2 cm. long, one terminal, the other
5 to 10 mm. below; rachis capillary, minutely pubescent or scabrous, pubescent
at base; spikelets 4 to 8, 3 mm. long, secund in a single row, the pedicels slender,
about 1 mm. long, the cup or joint dark-colored; glume and sterile lemma about
«Tabl. Encyel. 1: 176. 1791.
208 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
equal, ovate-acuminate, pilose with appressed hairs, sterile lemma empty; fertile
lemma oval, glabrous, 1.5 mm. long, tipped with a slender scabrous awn about |
mm. long.
Jata Hills near Guanabacoa, [itchcock, March 15, 1906, no, 559392 in the U. 8.
National Herbarium (type).
2. Eriochloa punctata (L.) Hamilt. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. 5. 1825.
Milium punctatum L. Syst. ed. LO. 2: 872. 1759.
Wright 1542; Yumary Mountains, Rugel 889 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
There are two specimens of this species in the Grisebach Herbarium, both trom
eastern Cuba, one collected in 1859, marked 1542, the other in 1860, with the sec-
ondary number 95. In the Gray Herbarium there are also two sheets of the same,
one collected near Monte Verde, eastern Cuba, in 1859, ‘‘River bank Saltadero,
Sept. 11,” the other from ‘‘Sand bars of the Baracoa near N. Sophie, Sept. 11,”
1860-1864.
3. Eriochloa ramosa (Retz.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 775. 1891.
Milium ramosum Retz. Obs, 6: 22. 1791.
Paspalus annulatus Fliigge, Mon. Pasp. 133. 1810.
Eriochloa annulata Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 30. 1829.
Wright 3886.
This agrees with Asiatic specimens and may be introduced. It differs from
FE. punctata in the narrower blades and the shorter awn to the fruit.
Allied to these is the Porto Rican Eriochloa subglabra (Nash). (Monachne
subglabra Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 30: 374. 1903; Eriochloa punctata subglabra Urban,
Symb. Antill. 4: 85. 1903). This species differs from £. ramosa in the broader
blades and pronouncedly velvety nodes, and in habit; from #. punctata in the
mucronate, instead of slender-awned, fertile lemma, and from both in having a
staminate flower in the axil of the sterile lemma. Urban reduced this to a variety
of £. punctata without having seen the plant.
23. ISACHNE R. br. Prod. 196. 1810.
1. Isachne leersioides Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8:.533. 1862.
Wright 755 in National Herbarium (1547 in Sauvalle Herbarium).
Number 755 in the Sauvalle Herbarium is Panicum eriguiflorum. In the Grise-
bach Herbarium there are two specimens of Isachne leersioides collected by Wright
in eastern Cuba—one in 1859, numbered 755, and one in 1860, numbered 102. In
the Gray Herbarium there are three specimens bearing the number 755, One is
P. exiguiflorum, the other two are Isachne leersioides, both from eastern Cuba—one
in 1856-57, the other from Monte Verde in 1859. Isachne leersioides is listed in Sau-
valle’s Flora Cubana as no. 1547.
24. SYNTHERISMA Walt. I'l. Car. 76. 1788.
Rachis of racemes wing-angled.
Spikelets 3 to 4 mm. long, more or less villous on nerves; rachis
not pilose......2.2.2.-2-22.2 220222 4. S. sanguinalis.
Spikelets 2 mm. long, glabrous; rachis sparsely long-pilose..... 1. S. digitata.
Rachis of racemes angled but scarcely winged.
Spikelets about 3 mm. long, nearly glabrous...............-.-- 5. S. simpsone.
Spikelets 1. 5 to 2.5 mm. long, usually villous-ciliate.
Racemes usually less than 10 em. long; spikelets 1.5 mm.
long. ......2.22--20--20 2-22-0002 2 2 eee eee ee eee eee eee 2.8. filiformis.
Racemes usually more than 10 cm. long; spikelets 2 to 2.5
mm, long.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 209
Blades much elongated, mostly 30 to 40 cm. long,
nearly glabrous; spikelets about 2.5 mm. long.......3. S. leucocoma.
Blades shorter, mostly 10 to 20 cm. long, woolly-villous;
spikelets about 2 mm. long........................- 6. S. villosa.
1. Syntherisma digitata (Sw.) Hitche. Contr. Nat. Herb. 12: 142. 1908.
Milium digitatum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
Digitaria setosa Desv.; Hamilt. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. 6. 1825.
Syntherisma setosa Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 300. 1898.
Wright 764 in part; Herradura, Tracy 9049, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in
1904 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are two Wright specimens, no. 177 of 1865, ‘Bushy
savannas, Hanabana, May 29,’’ and no. 764 from eastern Cuba, 1856-57. Wright’s 764
from eastern Cuba in 1856-57 in the Gray Herbarium is a mixture of S. digitata and S.
sanguinalis; no. 764 of 1865 is the latter species only.
2. Syntherisma filiformis (L.) Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 22: 420. 1895.
Panicum filiforme L. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
Panicum curvinerve Hack, Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 51: 335. 1901.
Wright 1544 in part.
The specimen of Wright’s 1544 in the National Herbarium labeled, ‘“‘Sandy pine
woods, Pinar del Rio, Sept.,’’ is partly this and partly 8. leucocoma Nash. Hackel «
bases his P. curvinerve upon this portion of Wright 1544. The characters which he
mentions, such as the smooth glumes with incurving nerves, are found not infrequently
among specimens of S. filiformis from the northern United States, whence the type
was collected by Kalm. In the specimen of 1544in the National Herbarium (the
smaller portion with spikelets only 1.5 mm. long) part of the panicles have nearly
glabrous spikelets, and part have long-pubescent spikelets. This differs distinctly
from the other part of Wright 1544, which Hackel may have taken for the true
S. filiformis. The amount of pubescence upon the spikelet is quite variable in this
species as in othersofthisgenus. Thesize of the spikelets, however, is fairly constant.
In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two specimens of this from eastern Cuba, one
collected in 1859 numbered 1544, the other in 1860 numbered ‘‘107=1544.”’
3. Syntherisma leucocoma Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 295. 1898.
Sandy pine woods in large tufts, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 1544, in part;
Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906.
Spikelets 2.5 mm. long; plants mostly glabrous or nearly so, tall, with elongated
narrow blades and slender erect racemes as much as 25 cm. long.
4. Syntherisma sanguinalis (L.) Dulac, Fl. Haut. Pyr. 77. 1867.
Panicum sanguinale L. Sp. Pl. 57. 1753.
Asperella digitaria Lam. Tabl. Encyel. 1: 167. 1791.
La Fermina, June 17, Wright 3883; Wright 764 in part; Habana, Curtiss 655, Hitch-
cock in 1906, Leon 301, 304; Santiago de las Vegas, //itchcock in 1906, Baker HC 501;
Puentes Grandes, Leon 279; Guanabacoa, Hitchcock in 1906; Batabano, /itchcock in
1906; Cienfuegos, Pringle 46 in the Gray Herbarium; Guines, Leon 304. The following
are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Taylor
50; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904; Rincon, Britton & Wilson 485; Matanzas, Britton
& Shafer 333; Bayamese, Eggers 4690.
The sheet of 764 in the National Herbarium, like that in the Sauvalle Herbarium,
consists of a mixture of this species and S. digitata. In the latter herbarium this num-
ber has two labels, one ‘‘Savannas, S. Cristobal, Aug.,’’ the other “Sandy pine
woods, Pinar del Rio, Sept.’? No. 764 in the National Herbarium has the label,
a Loc. cit.
3
61170—vo1 12, pr 6—09—-
210 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
‘“Savannas, Retiro, July.’ In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two specimens
from Wright. One collected in 1865 and numbered 178, and 294 (‘‘var. eriogona”’);
the other without number, labeled ‘‘Roads and fields, common, Hanabana, May 21.”
Lamarck’s type, labeled ‘‘Asperella digitaria lam. ill. ex. D. Richard,’ is in the
Lamarck Herbarium in the Museum at Paris.
5. Syntherisma simpsoni (Vasey) Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 297. 1898.
Panicum sanguinale simpsoni Vasey, Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 25. 1892.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 521.
Spikelets glabrous, 2.5 mm. long, the glume and sterile lemma equal and slightly
exceeding the fruit. Syntherisma aequiglumis (Hack. & Arech.) (Panicum aequi-
glume Hack. & Arech.in Arech. Gram. Urug. 93. 1894) differs in having larger spike-
lets, 3.5 mm. long, the acuminate sparsely pubescent glume and sterile lemma exceed-
ing the fruit by 0.6 mm.
6. Syntherisma villosa Walt. Fl. Car. 77. 1788.
Sandy pinales, La Grifa la Catolina, Pinar del Rio, January, Wright 3884; Herra-
dura, Tracy 9077, 9104.
There are two specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium, one marked ‘‘Edge of
woods, bushy savannas, Hanabana, May 30,’ 1865, numbered 173, the other, “Bushy
savannas, Hanabana, May 27,’ 1865. Spikelets about 2 mm. long; plant pubescent
or nearly glabrous.
25. VALOTA Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 495. 1763.
|. Valota insularis ({.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 185. 1906.
Andropogon insulare L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1304. 1759.
Panicum leucophaeum HW. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 87. 1816.
Panicum duchaissingiit Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 93. 1854.
Santiago de las Vegas, Baker ILC 602, 1473, Hitchcock in 1906; Vento, Schafer in
1903; Triscornia, Tracy 9083; Herradura, Tracy 9050; San Luis, Pollard & Palmer
350; Matanzas, Rugel 191 in Gray Herbarium; Cienfuegos, Pringle 44 and Combs 255
in Gray Herbarium; Marianao, Leon 306. The following are in the herbarium of the
New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Hamilton 216, 217, Inderwood &
Earle 165; Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 165, Britton & Wilson 101; Cedro, Underwood
& Earle 1536.
In the Grisebach Herbarium is a Wright specimen from eastern Cuba, 1859, num-
bered 1541.
Steudel’s type from ‘‘Ins. Guadaloupe Duchaissing”’ is in the Museum at Paris.
26. ALLOTEROPSIS Presl, Rel. Haenk. 343. pl. 47. 1830.4
Blades elongated, 30 to 40 em. long; racemes several in a cluster.2. A. dura.
Blades mostly radical, 10 to 15 cm. long; racemes | or 2 ....---- _l. A. amphistemon.
« The type species is A. distachya Presl (op. cit. 344), which is published as coming
from Monterey, California, but the type in the National Museum at Prague has two
labels, ‘Peruana montana,” and ‘‘Regio montana Luzon?’’ The plant is Allote-
ropsis semialata (R. Br.); Panicum sem ialatum R. Br. Prod. 192. 1810, the type of
which is from New Holland. This is not an American species and Presl’s type must
have come from the Philippines, as indicated by Scribner (Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard.
10: 37. 1899). Presl’s plate and description are incorrect in that the artist incor-
porated in the drawing of the spikelet of Alloteropsis a spikelet of an Andropogon
which had become wedged between the glumes and this is described as a second
pairof spikelets. Although Presl’s genus is founded upon a misconception there is no
doubt as to the identity of the type species. Hence Alloteropsis, the oldest name
for this group as segregated from Panicum, is accepted for the genus.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 211
1. Alloteropsis amphistemon (Wright).
Panicum amphistemon Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 207. 1871; Sauv.
Fl. Cub. 198.
Wright 3464.
The type of Panicum amphistemon Wright isin the Gray Herbarium, Wright 3464,
labeled ‘‘Mayari-abajo, Aug. 2, in small dense tufts.”’
2, Alloteropsis dura (Griseb.).
Panicum durum Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 533. 1862.
Rocky hills, procumbent in loose tufts, Valestina, September 25, Wright 3868; in
small tufts on steep hills at the Farallones, N. Sophie, September 29, Wright 1539
in the Gray Herbarium.
In the Grisebach Herbarium is the type of P. durum, Wright 1559 from eastern
Cuba in 1859.
27. MESOSETUM Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum, 1: 118. 1854.4
Spikelets copiously villous-ciliate ~.......0. 0020000 0020000000-- 1. M. rottboellioides.
Spikelets glabrous or somewhat hispid.................-2...---- 2. M. wrightit.
1. Mesosetum rottboelliodes (H. Bb. k.).
Panicum rottboellioides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:96. I8h6.
Mesosetum cayennense Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 118. 1854.
Culms scattered, single or few, savannas, Matatoso, August, Wright 3449; Herra-
dura, Baker HC 2935, Tracy 9058, [itcheock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 396, Palmer
& Riley 889, 896, Taylor 31; Cienfuegos, Combs 401 in Gray Herbarium; Sagua,
Britton & Wilson 336 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.
The Sauvalle specimen has a second label which reads, ‘‘In small tufts, Pinales,
Daganiguas, Almacigos Consolacion, Sept.’ The Grisebach specimen from western
Cuba, 1863, is numbered *'894=3449." 9 Wright 3449 in the Gray Herbarium
is from ‘‘Savannas, Vueltabajo, July 24.”
2. Mesosetum wrightii sp. nov.
Culms ascending from a geniculate, rooting or creeping base, slender, glabrous,
20 to 40 em. long; nodes appressed-hispid; sheaths glabrous below, hispid toward
the summit, or the lower hispid*throughout, ciliate on the margin; ligule of short
bristles; blades flat or somewhat involute on the margins, stiff and thick, yellow-
green, hispid below and sparsely so above, remotely papillose-ciliate on the car-
tilaginous margins, 3 to 6 cm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, the uppermost much reduced;
spike single, terminating the culm, mostly long-exserted, 2 to 3 cm. long; spike-
lets subsessile, appressed to the rachis, alternate, 3 to 4 mm. Jong, the apex of one
about reaching the base of the one above on the same side; first glume glabrous,
3-nerved, narrow, acuminate to a blunt point, a little shorter than the second,
placed next to the rachis; second glume hispid at the base with a tuft of hairs,
sparsely or copiously hispid above, strongly 5-nerved and with some additional
strixe, narrowed to a blunt apex; sterile lemma similar, somewhat gibbous below,
7-nerved, its palea obsolete; fertile lemma chartaceous, smooth, and shining, rounded
on the back so as to be as thick as wide, about 2 mm. long, extended into a short
point, the margins flat, not inrolled; palea similar and included in the margins of
the lemma.
Type specimen from Cuba, Wright 3859 no. 559961 in the U. 8. National Herba-
rium. The fragmentary Specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium bears the label
aMesosetum Steud. Flora 33: 228. 1850, nomen nudum. The type species of
Mesosetum is M. cayennense Steud... **Leprieur legit. in Cayenne,’ the type speci-
men of which, in the herbarium of the Museum at Paris, belongs to the same species
as that of Panicum rottboellioides H. B. WK. in the same herbarium.
212 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
‘‘Pinales, Daganiguas, Almicigos, Sept.’’ Panicum sclerochloa Trin.” (Mesose-
tum sclerochloa (Trin.)) of Brazil, the type of which is in the Trinius Herba-
rium, differs in having glabrous blades, spikelets 5 mm. long, somewhat scabrous
but not hispid, and glumes and lemmas all notched near the apex, hence some-
what 3-lobed. In Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana Wright 3859 is doubtfully referred to
Panicum sclerochloa Trin.
28. BRACHIARIA Griseb. in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 4: 469. 1853.
1. Brachiaria plantaginea (Link).
Panicum plantagineum Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 206. 1827.
Panicum leandri Trin. leon. 335, 1836.
Paspalum platyphyllum Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 230. 1866.
Panicum platyphyllum Munro; Vasey, U. 8.*Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Bull. 8: 25.
1889.
Brachiaria platyphylla Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 81. 1903.
Wright 3853, 3441; in dense patches in pasture, Sabinilla, June, Wright 3867.
The type of Link’s speciesisin the Berlin Herbarium. Wright's $853 in the Sauvalle
Herbarium bears the secondary number 174. In the Grisebach Herbarium are two
specimens, the type of Paspalum platyphyllum from western Cuba, 1863, numbered
§892—=3441" and no. 174 labeled, ‘Damp places in roads and elsewhere, Zarabanda,
May 4.”’ This species is placed in the genus Brachiaria because the spikelets are
placed with the first glume toward the rachis.
29. HYMENACHNE Beauv. Agrost. 48. p/. 10. f. 8. 1812.
Inflorescence spike-like; spikelets 4 mm. long..........-------- Ll. H. amplexicaults.
Inflorescence of numerous spikes, 1 to 3 cm. long; spikelets 2 to
3mm, long.............2..-.. 2.000 e eee eee eee eee eee eee eeee 2. H. auriculata.
1. Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees, Agrost. Bras. 276. 1829.
Panicum amplexicaule Rudge, Pl. Guian. 1: 21. 1805.
Panicum hymenachne Desv. Opusc. 82. 1831.
Panicum myuros of authors, not Lam.?.
Wright 3469; Santiago de las Vegas, Hitchcock in 1906; Habana, Leon 559; Guines,
Leon 577.
The specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is from eastern Cuba, 1860, and is num-
bered ‘‘108=3469.’’ No.3469 in the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘ Margin of Rio Bayamo,
Oct. 14.”
2. Hymenachne auriculata (Willd.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 5. 1908.
Panicum auriculatum Willd.; Spreng. Syst. 1: 322. 1825.
Wright 3863 in part.
There are three labels with this specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium, ‘‘In ponds,
Daganiguas, Sept.,’’ ‘Wet margin of lagunas, Sta. Cruz de los Pifios, Nov. 10,’’ ‘‘ Low
marshy lands, Gruanimar, Nov.’’ On the same sheet is a specimen of Panicum con-
densum Nash, and one of I. Jarum Sw.
The specimen of Ilymenachne is fragmentary, but appears to belong to this species.
Wright’s 3863 in the National Herbarium is mixed with Panicum larum Sw. Wright’s
3863 in the Gray Herbarium is mixed with 2. condensum.
30. SACCIOLEPIS Nash in Britton, Man. 89. 1901.
Spikelets 4 mm. long, on slender pedicels. ..............2.-.--------- .2. 8. striata.
Spikelets 2 to 3 mm. long, subsessile.
@Teon, 283. 1836. bSee Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 1. 1908.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 213
Spikelets 2 mm. long, panicle dense...................-.-------- L. S. myuros.
Spikelets 3 mm. long, panicle often interrupted..................3. S. vilvoides.
1. Sacciolepis myuros (Lam.) Chase, Proc. » Biol Soc. Wash. 21: 7. 1908.
Panicum myuros Lam. Tabl. Encyel. 1: 172. 1791.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 428.
2. Sacciolepis striata (LL.) Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 30: 383. 1903.
Holcus striatus L. Sp. Pl. 1048. 1753.
Panicum gibbum Ell. Bot. 8. C. & Ga. 1: 116. 1816.
On tembladeros@ in lagunas, Pinar del Rio, December, Wright 3885.
The Grisebach specimen is from Hanabana, May 25, 1865, numbered 198. A speci-
men in the Gray Herbarium is numbered ‘*302=3885.”’
3. Sacciolepis vilvoides (Trin.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 7. 1908.
Panicum vilvoides Trin. Gram. Pan. 171. 1826.
Hymenachne fluviatilis Nees, Agrost. Bras. 273. 1829,
In rivulets, Pinar del Rio, October, Wright 3470; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 304.
This species is represented in the Grisebach Herbarium by a Wright specimen from
western Cuba, 1863, numbered ‘'944=3470."’ Wright’s 3470 in the Gray Herbarium is
labeled, ‘‘In lagunas, Los Almacigos, Nov. 23,’ and **On tembladeros? i in lagunas,
Asiento viejo de San Julian, Nov. 30.”’
31. ECHINOCHLOA Beauv. Agrost. 53. pl. 11. f. 2. 1812.
Sheaths hirsute..............-.---- cece eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee 3. EH. waltert.
Sheaths glabrous.
Spikelets pointed but not awned................---+------+-+--+--- 1. E. colona.
Spikelets awned..........--...--2 2520202020 e eee eee ee eee eee -2. KB. crusgalli.
1. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 209. 1833.
Panicum colonum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 870. 1759.
Wright 752; Habana, Baker HC 1796, Leon 303, Palmer & Riley 1137; Santiago de
las Vegas, Baker HC 502, 4765, [itchcock in 1906; Buena Vista, Shafer in 1903; Cerro,
Shafer.180; Guanabacoa, Leon 117 in part; Cabanas, Palmer & Riley 756; Cienfuegos,
Pringle 45; Combs 254 in Gray Herbarium; Guines, Leon 425. The following are in
the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Isle of Pines, Curtiss 427; Matan-
zas, Britton & Shafer 509; Cedro, Underwood & Earle 1620.
In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two specimens, one from western Cuba,
1863, ‘‘946=752,”’ the other numbered 27, collected in 1865.
A specimen in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden from Matanzas,
Rugel 884, is doubtfully referred to FE. colona. The spikelets have awns 2 to 3 mm.
long.
2. Echinochloa crusgalli (L..) Beauv. Agrost. 53. 1812.
Panicum crusgalli L. Sp. Pl. 56. 1753.
Santiago, Linden 1814 in Leipzig Herbarium; Rugel 889 in Grisebach Herbarium;
Wright in 1865 in Grisebach Herbarium; Wright 53 of 1865 in Kew Herbarium; Isle of
Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in Herb. N. Y. Bot, Gard.; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 175
in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard. .
3. Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Nash in Britton, Man. 78. 1901.
Panicum walteri Pursh, Fl. Sept. Amer. 1: 66. 1814.
Low wooded swamps, Hanabana, May 27, Wright 3879; Wright 160 in Kew Her-
barium.
4Quaking bogs.
914 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL
HERBARIUM.
There are two additional labels with Wright 3879 in the Sauvalle Herbarium, ‘“‘ Low
marshy savannas, Guanimas, Nov.,’’ and ‘‘Margin of mangrove swamp, Trinidad,
Mar. 13.’
32. PANICUM L.. Sp. PI. 55. 1753.
Axis of the panicle branches extending beyond base of uppermost
spikelet as a short point or bristle... 2... ..0..02..22.0.2.-.-.
Axis of panicle branches not extended into a bristle.
Inflorescence consisting of several spike-like, more or less
secund racemes,
Fruit smooth and shining; spikelets not over 1.5 mm.
long. (LAXUM GROUP.)
Rachis pilose; pedicel short, subequal............
Rachis not pilose; pedicels unequal, panicle less
regular. ......02.00222-0200000002 000022 eee ee eee
Fruit transversely wrinkled; spikelets turgid.
TANS GROUP.)
(ReEp-
Nodes bearded....................-..2---22-2--2 2.
Nodes sometimes pubescent, but not bearded.
Glumes and sterile lemma prominently trans-
versely reticulate-veined.........0.0.0.....
Glumes and sterile lemma not cross-veined,
Spikelets hispidulous, pointed, first glume
Spikelets glabrous, first glume truncate.
Blades ovate-lanceolate, 5 to 10 mm.
wide, 2 to 7 cm. long; prostrate-
spreading......2...-2..2.---0......
Blades elongated, 10 to 20 cm. long,
narrow, flowering culms erect or as-
cending;
erect-appressed racemes on an elon-
gated axis; spikelets in 2 distinct
inflorescence of numerous
+ TOWS.. 22 ee
Inflorescence a more or less diffuse panicle, sometimes nar-
row and rather compact, but not consisting of spike-
like racemes.
Stems woody, resembling bamboos.
GROUP.)
Sheaths villous.
Stems tall, blades | to 2 cm. wide, not distich-
(DIvARICATUM
OUS....222 2222222 eee 42,
Stems creeping, blades distichous, 2 to 3 em.
long, about 5 mm. wide, velvety...........
Sheaths smooth or pubescent only.
Panicle compact; blades ovate-lanceolate, 1.5
to4om. wide, velvety-puberulent beneath;
spikelets globular... 022.222.2022 2 002
Panicle open, blades lanceolate,
Stem creeping, sending up erect flowering
eculms.......22 eee 19,
Stem climbing or trailing.
‘Panicle large and spreading, LO to 20
em. long; blades 1.5 to 2.5 em.
32,
23.
29.
36.
~
~
I
~
/
P.
~
~
-
I
~
~
~
P.
P.
P.
P.
2.
P,
. distantiflorum.
pilosum.
laxrum.,
.numidianum.
. fasciculatum.
adspersum.,
_ reptans,
geminatum,
swartzianum.
rugelii,
. compactum,
grisebachit.
. sloanei.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 215
Panicle smalland tew-flowered, usually
about 5 cm. long; blades usually 5
to& mm. wide................-----.- 12. P. divaricatum.
Stems herbaceous.
Fruit transversely rugose. .- weeeeeeee-- 25, P. maximum.
Fruit smooth. (See continuation 1 )
(Continuation 1.)
Plants forming a rosette of basal leavesin autumn; early culms
simple, with terminal, exserted, many-flowered, spreading
panicles; freely branching after maturity of primary panicle,
and bearing numerous reduced panicles more or less in-
cluded in the sheaths. (DicHoTOMUM GROUP.)
Ligule a ring of hairs, 1 mm. or more long; spikelets pu-
bescent, | to 1.5 mm. long.
Spikelets hardly 1 mm. long; foliage minutely pubes-
cent, not velvety...........-.------------------ 48. P. wrightianum.
Spikelets 1.5 mm. long.
Foliage smooth or minutely puberulent.. ...--24. P. leucothriz.
Foliage velvety .......--.---.2.---02---------- 1. P. acuminatum.
Ligule inconspicuous.
Autumnal state a flat mat or rosette of soft leaves;
blades ciliate; spikelets 1.5 to 2mm. long, glabrous.
Blades pilose on thesurface...........-.-------- 41. P. strigosum.
Blades glabrous on the surface...................38. P. polycaulon.
Autumnal state erect or spreading.
Sheaths velvety or pilose.
Vernal culms 1 meter or more tall, a viscid
ring below each node; primary panicles 10
to 20 cm. long; autumnal blades, 5 mm.
or more wide.............-.------------ 37. P. scoparium.
Vernal culms 20 to 40 cm. tall; primary pan-
icles 2 to 6cm. tongs autumnal blades 1| to
2mm. wide..............-------------.-- 6. P.chrysopsidifolium.
Sheaths not velvety 1 nor pilose.
Culms wiry, minutely crisp-puberulent;
spikelets pyriform-turgid.
Spikelets 1.5 mm. long.................31. P. paueciciliatum.
Spikelets 2 mm. long..................22. P. lancearium.
Culms glabrous, or only lowermost internodes
pubescent.
Spikelets glabrous, 1.6 mm. long....... 7. P. caerulescens.
Spikelets pubescent.
Nodes bearded; spikelets 2 mm.
long 2.22.2... .2.2 0222 eee eee eee 28. P. nitidum.
Nodes glabrous or pubescent, not
bearded.
Blades long and narrow, autum-
nal bladesinvolute; spikelets
papillose.
Spikelets 2mm. long, blunt.27. P. neuranthum.
Spikelets about 3.5 mm.
long, pointed........-.- 16. P. fusiforme.
Blades not elongated, autumnal
blades flat; spikelets not pap-
illose.
216
Blades with a white-carti-
laginous margin, not cili-
ate; spikelets 1.5 mm.
long
Blades without white mar-
gin, ciliate toward the
cordate base; spikelets
scarcely over 1 mm. long,
suborbicular..........-.- 13,
Plants not forming winter rosettes.
Panicles narrow and compact with appressed branches;
spikelets glabrous, 1 to 2.5 mm. long.
Culms | meter or more tall, compressed at base; pan-
icle 10 to 20 cm. long; spikelets 2.5 mm. long..... 9.
Culms 60 cm. or less tall, stiff and wiry, base not com-
pressed; panicle less than 5cm. long; spikelets 1 to
2 mm. long.
Spikelets scarcely more than 1 mm. long........ 40.
Spikelets 2mm. long:................-.--..--- 43.
Panicles open, usually diffusely spreading.
Panicle branches in several distinct distant whorls;
spikelets short-pediceled, remote along the
branches.............---2-------------- ®
Panicle branches not in distinct whorls.
Spikelets 5 to 6 mm. long, pedicels short and
stout; panicle branches few, ascending. ......-
Spikelets less than 5 mm. long, pedicels slen-
der, often capillary.
Plants producing scaly rootstocks.
Blades 5 to 15 cm. long; culms less
than 50cm. tall; a sea-shore grass... .. 34.
Blades elongated, 20 to 40 cm. long;
culms | meteror more tall........... 47.
Plants not producing rootstocks, but culms
sometimes decumbent and rooting at base.
Spikelets glutinous, 3 mm. long
Spikelets not glutinous. (See contin-
uation 2.)
(Continuation 2.)
Spikelets warty-rugose, about 2 mm. long; blades ovate-
lanceolate ..........2.----0-2 22-2 e ee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee ee 38.
Spikelets not rugose.
Spikelets pubescent, minute (1 mm. long); blades ovate-
Spikelets glabrous.
Spikelets 1.5mm. long, short-pediceled on thespread-
ing branches of a panicle 2 to 5 em. long; culms
slender, 30 to 50 cm. high, blades | to 2 mm. wide.
Spikelets on more or less elongated pedicels.
Culms slender, widely decumbent-spreading;
blades elliptic-lanceolate, 1 to 3 cm. long,
glaucous..........2.....2220 202020222 e eee 30.
i. F
14.
~
~
~
-
a)
Lee]
P.
P.
P.
P.
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
. tenue.
erectifolium.
condensum.
stenodes.
tenerum.
. megiston.
. 2izanioides.
. repens.
. virgatum cubense.
. glutinosum.
. sellovit.
. trichoides.
. exiguiflorum.
parvyolium.
4
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 217
Culms not slender nor decumbent-spreading.
First glume obtuse or truncate, one-fourth
the length of the acuminate spikelet....... 5. P.
First glume acute to acuminate, more than
one-third the length of the spikelet.
Sheaths glabrous.
Panicle very diffuse, the branches
capillary; spikelets less than 1.5
mm. long.........-..---------+-- 45. P. tricanthum.
Paniclescarcely diffuse, the branches
not capillary; spikelets 2 mm. or
Ne
chloroticum.
more long.
Culms slender; spikelets 2 mm.
long ...--.-. eee cee eee eee 10. P. diffusum.
Culms tall and stout, 5to 10mm.
in diameter; spikelets acumi-
nate, about 5 mm. long....... 3. P. aquaticum.
Sheaths hispid.
Annual; panicle branches divari-
cate 2.22... eee eee ee ee eee eee eee 4. P.
Perennial; panicle branches ascend-
ing.
Spikelets 2 mm. long, panicle
compact .......-..--.------- 20. P. hirsutum.
Spikelets 3 mm. long, panicle
loose .....----- Lecce eee eeeee 21. P. hirtivaginum.
YS
CAYENNENSE .
1. Panicum acuminatum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Panicum comophyllum Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 80: 380. 1903.
Dry savannas, San Cristobal, August, Wright 3874; Herradura, Baker & Dimmock
HC 4871, Tracy 9078, Hitchcock in 1906; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 320 in part, Pulmer
& Riley 447; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 328, 307, Taylor in 1901, Palmer & Riley 989,
1065, 1083, Taylor 33 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The type of P. acuminatum at Stockholm is a specimen in the autumnal state.
Wright’s 3874 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Low savannas, Chirigote, Nov.
2.” Another specimen in the Gray Herbarium, without number, is from ‘‘Savan-
nas, Pueblo Nuevo, San Cristobal, May 16.”’
2. Panicum adspersum Trin. Gram. Pan. 146. 1826.
Wright 3869; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker IC 387, 512, 1050, 1825, 2057, Hitch-
cock in 1906, Tracy 9109; Triscornia, [Hitchcock in 1906; Habana, Curtiss 748, Leon
291,570; Herradura, Tracy 9102; Cabatias, Palmer & Riley 746,771; Matanzas, Britton,
Britton & Shafer 596. In the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are
the following: Isle of Pines, Curfiss in 1904; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 504.
Wright’s specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium bears the secondary number 304
in addition to the distribution number. Grisebach’s specimen bears the secondary
number 304 (1865). The specimen in the Gray Herbarium bears the secondary
number 269. Trinius’s type is from Santo Domingo, sent by Sprengel, and is the
plant from which the plate is drawn.¢ The spikelets are about 3 mm. long and
sparsely hispidulous. The culms are geniculate and rooting below; the blades
spreading and 4 to8 cm. long. A larger form occurs in Florida, with culms as much
as 1 meter high, and blades 15 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, the spikelets larger, as
much as 4 mm. long. This is represented in Cuba by Curtiss 748 and Palmer &
Riley 771. An examination of considerable material from the West Indies and Flor-
@ Jeon. 169.
218 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
ida shows that there are all gradations between these extremes, and there appears
to be no constant character by which to separate the larger form as a species or even
as a well-marked variety.
3. Panicum aquaticum Poir. Encycl. Suppl. 4: 281. 1816.
Panicum elephantipes Nees, Agrost. Bras. 165. 1829.
San Antonio, //itchcock in 1906, Habana, Leon 335,
Poiret’s type labeled ‘‘Panicum aquaticum enc. suppl. * * * Porto Ricco.
h. Poiret”? is in the herbarium of Cosson in Paris. Nees’s type at Munich agrees
with this.
4. Panicum cayennense Lam. Tabl. Encyel. 1: 173. 1791.
Among other tall grasses in low grounds, pinales, Pinar del Rio, September,
Wright 3865; Herradura, Tracy 9073; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 267, Palmer d: Riley 1086,
Taylor 34,
The Grisebach specimen is from western Cuba, 1863, no. 891. A specimen of this
species in the Gray Herbarium, without number, is from ‘‘Savannas, Vueltabajo,
July 28.”
5. Panicum chloroticum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 164. 1829.
Punta Brava, Baker HC 4054; Santiago de las Vegas, //itchcock in 1906; Batabano,
Hitchcock in 1906; Herradura, /Titchcock in 1906, Tracy 9055; Wright 3456 and 2860
in National Herbarium in part; Wright 3860 in Sauvalle Herbarium; Wright 181,
189 in the Grisebach Herbarium; Wright 3456 in Sauvalle Herbarium; edge of Lagu-
nas, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3861.
The first two specimens cited above are like the type at Munich; the others are
more or less pubescent, but appear to be otherwise the same. The type of Pani-
cum proliferum pilosum Griseb. in the Grisebach Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Around
lagunas in wet or damp ground, Hanabana, May 16,’ no. 186. This is the same
as Wright 3860 in the Sauvalle Herbarium. Probably P. bartowense Scribn. & Merr.4
is a form of P. chloroticum. It differs from the Brazilian specimen only in its hispid
sheaths and from some of the hispid Cuban specimens only in its larger size. Nash’s
567 from Eustis, Florida, is a low spreading form, with culm about 30 cm. long, but
the blades and sheaths pubescent like P. bartowense. P. dichotomiflorum Michx.
(P. proliferum of American authors, not Lam.), common throughout the eastern
United States, is smooth throughout, and is usually more or less geniculate-spreading
at base, and the blades are usually long and gradually acuminate. In Florida this
shows a tendency to become pubescent. Combs d& Rolfs 94 from Lake City, Florida,
has the habit of 2. dichotomiflorum, but the blades are pubescent on the upper sur-
face. The spikelets of P. dichofomiflorum vary in length from 2 to3 mm. It would
appear that there is one variable species, including P. dichotomiflorum Michx.,
P. chloroticum Nees, and P. bartowense Scribn, & Merr. The West Indian specimens
resemble more closely ?. chloroticum in habit, and for the present they are referred
to this species. Other specimens of the same in the National Herbarium are: Baha-
mas, Nassau, Curtiss 177; Cat Cay, Brace 3742. Bermuda: Hamilton, Millspaugh 126.
Porto Rico: Unado, Britton & Cowell 432. South America: Brazil, Riedel 959, Salz-
mann (P. hygrophilum Salzm.); Paraguay, Morong 1002; Uruguay, Arechavaleta.
Wright’s 3456 and 3861 cited above have larger spikelets than the other Cuban
specimens (3 mm. long), but this appears to be a variable character. Wright 3456
is the type of P. proliferum strictum Griseb.¢ Wright 3456 in the Gray Herbarium
is from ‘‘ Lagunas, Almacigos, Nov. 23.”’
6. Panicum chrysopsidifolium Nash in Small, I'l. Southeast. U. 8. 100. 1903.
Wright 3453 in part; Wright 3454 in part; Wright 3461 in part; Herradura, Hitchcock
in 1906; Consolacion del Sur, Palmer cd: Riley 481; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 982.
@U.8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Circ. 85:3. 1901. €Cat. Pl. Cub. 232. 1866.
b Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 48. 1803.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 219
The Grisebach specimen of Wright 3461 also belongs to this species, though it is
listed by him under P. dichotomum variety nodiflorum. Another specimen of this
was included by Grisebach under P. neuranthum; it is labeled ‘‘ a forma ascendens
ramosa.”? Wright’s 3461 in the Gray Herbarium is part P. chrysopsidifolium and
part P. lancearium. The two labels are, ‘‘Sandy pinales, Asiento Viejo de San
Julian, Dec. 1,’? and ‘* Pinal. Mayari, July 24.”
This species is distinguished from P. neuranthum by the pubescent culms, bearded
nodes, spreading vernal panicles, and short, flat autumnal blades on zigzag stems.
The spikelets are 2 mm. long. It occurs in Florida and in Porto Rico (Heller 982).
7. Panicum caerulescens Hack. in herb.
Vernal form cespitose, of a somewhat glaucous bluish green color; culms erect or as-
cending, 40 to 75 em. high, glabrous; sheaths usually less than half as long as the inter-
nodes, glabrous or the basal ones sparingly pubescent; blades ascending or spread-
ing, commonly purplish beneath, glabrous or rarely a few hairs around the base, 5 to
8 cm. long, 4 to 7 mm. wide, the margins nearly parallel for two-thirds their length;
panicles usually short-exserted, 3 to 7mm. long, one-half as wide or less, the branches
narrowly ascending; spikelets 1.5 to 1.6 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, obovoid, blunt,
very turgid, glabrous, first glume about one-third the length of the spikelet; second
glume and sterile lemma subequal, the glume scarcely as long as the fruit at maturity;
fruit 1.4 mm. long, 0.8 mm, wide, ellipsoid.
Autumnal form erect or leaning, sometimes decumbent at base, producing short,
densely fascicled branches at the middle and upper nodes, these tuits scarcely as long
as the primary internodes, the reduced blades ascending, more or less involute; the
reduced panicles with only a lew long-pediceled spikelets.
Closely related to P. roanokense, a species of the southern Atlantic coastal plain of
the United States, from which it is distinguished by the narrow panicles and smaller
spikelets and by the tufted branches of the autumnal form.
The type is Hitchcock 706, ‘In glade among Spartina, etc., stretching up through
the tall grass, Miami, Florida, April 3, 1906; U.S. National Herbarium no. 558380.
The name refers to the glaucous blue color.
In marshes and swampy woods, southern Alabama and Florida, Cuba, and the
Bahamas.
Wright 3463 in part; Santa Clara, Britton & Wilson 316 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
Wright’s 3463 in the National Herbarium and inthe Krug and Urban Herbarium is
this species. For other species distributed as 3463, see P. leucothrix, P. wrightianum,
and P. tenue.
Bahamas, New Providence, ‘‘in fruticetis procumbens,’ Lggers 4305,
8. Panicum compactum Sw. Adnot. Bot. 14. 1829.
Eastern Cuba, 1856-57, Wright 749; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 291, 520, Palmer &
Riley 904.
This species is distinguished by its broad, usually puberulent blades and compact
panicle.
Panicum condensum Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 93. 1903.
Low savannas, Hanabana, May 19, Wright 3862 in part.
In the Grisebach Herbarium there are two specimens of this species. One of them
has two labels, ‘‘Low wet woods, Hanabana, May 27,’’ no. 184 of 1865, and ‘‘Wet—
among tall Cyperaceae, in small bunches, Hanabana, May 25.” The plant is 3 feet
tall, stout, with a compressed base, and narrow compact panicle. The other specimen,
which is similar, is labeled, ‘‘Palm savannas, Hanabana, May 18,’’ 1865, no. 197.
This number of Wright’s in the Sauvalle Herbarium and in the National Herbarium
is mixed with P. larum. There is a fragment of what appears to be the same, on the
sheet of 3863 in the Sauvalle Herbarium. /. condensum is common in the southern
United States and is found also in the Bahamas (Curtiss 174). Wright’s 3862 in the
220) CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Gray Herbarium consists of P. condensum and P. larum. Wright's 3863 in the Gray
Herbarium consists of ?. condensum and Hymenachne auriculata.
10. Panicum diffusum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Wright 1540; in pastures, Retiro, July, Wright 3852; damp savannas, Retiro,
October 11, Wright 3877; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 350, 511, 2052, 2054, Tracy
9111, Wilson 1405; Habana, Leon 190, 305, Baker, Tracy & Hasselbring HC 3095; Tris-
cornia, Tracy 9082; Guanajay, Palmer & Riley 802; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 384, 494.
The following are in the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago
de las Vegas, Van Hermann 2444; Sagua, Britton d: Wilson 314; Madruga, Britton
& Shafer 649; Matanzas, Rugel 907.
A sheet in the National Herbarium of Wright 3860 and another marked ‘Cuba
3860,’’ which appears to be a Wright plant although there is no Wright label, are in
part P. diffusum. In the Grisebach Herbarium are three specimens marked, respec-
tively, ‘‘In the edge of woods and margin of savannas, Hanabana, May 29,’’ 1865, with
the secondary number 191; no. 1540 from eastern Cuba, 1859; and ‘‘edge of savannas,
Hanabana, May 19,”’ in 1865, with the secondary number 190. Wright’s 3877 in the
Sauvalle Herbarium and in the Torrey Herbarium is part P. exiguiflorum.
ll. Panicum distantiflorum Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 304. 1850.
Panicum utawanaeanum Seribn. in Millsp. Field Columb. Mus. Bot. 2: 25. 1900.
Panicum sintenisti Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 80: 382. 1903.
Wright 3452; Cojimar, Baker HC 267, 2902, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia, Tracy 9089,
Hitchcock in 1906; Matanzas, Rugel 190 in Gray Herbarium, 874 in Herb. N.Y. Bot.
Gard.
Grisebach’s specimen from eastern Cuba, 1860, is numbered ‘‘104=3452.’’ Another
specimen, included by Grisebach under Panicum stenodes, is labeled, ‘‘ Bushy savan-
nas, Hanabana, May 16, in small tufts,”’ no. 285. A third specimen, ‘‘Savannas of
Guamaroca, July 25,” no. 284, is also included under P. stenodes. A part of Wright
3870 in the National Herbarium belongs to this species. The type of Richard’s species
in the herbarium of the Museum at Paris agrees with Scribner’s type from Guanica,
Porto Rico,@ a part of which is in the National Herbarium. Nash’s description
applies to these specimens and his type (Sintenis 3463) was also collected at Guanica,
Porto Rico. Sintenis’s 3365 and 3416, from Guanica, Porto Rico, also belong to this
species.
12. Panicum divaricatum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 871. 1759.
Panicum bambusoides Hamilt. Prod. Ind. Occ. 10. 1826.
Panicum chauvinii Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 68. 1854.
Hillsides, scandent or ascending, Valestina, September 19, Wright 748; Wright 747;
Guanajay, Baker HC 4269, El Cangre, Baker HC 5198; Cojimar, Baker HC 5324, La
Magdalena, Baker HC 2501, 4611; Habana, Baker HC 1837; Triscornia, /fitehcock in
1906; Herradura, Tracy 9047, 9044; Santiago de Cuba, Millspaugh 1015; Baracoa,
Pollard, Palmer & Palmer 76; Isle of Pines, Millspaugh 1422, Palmer & Riley 1001;
Cienfuegos, Combs 148 in Gray Herbarium. In the herbarium of the New York
Botanical Garden are the following: Managua, Baker & Wilson 304; Santiago de Cuba,
Underwood & Earle 1642; Taylor 327; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 241; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss in 1904.
Widely clambering over bushes. The two specimens of this in Grisebach’s her-
barium, called by him P. divaricatum, are ‘‘ Prope villam Monte Verde dictam, Cuba
orientalis,’’ no. 747, and another labeled 747a@. These are both smooth throughout.
Besides these there are twospecimens with pubescent blades, which Grisebach calls
P. divaricatum variety puberulum.6 One is labeled ‘In sylvis densis, Matanzas, Cuba,
@Millspaugh, Plantae Utawanae no, 702.
6 Griseb. Fl, Brit. W. Ind. 551. 1864.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. . 221
Rug. 187;” the other is Wright 748 from eastern Cuba. The type collected by March
in Jamaica is also here. Another specimen (Wright, western Cuba in 1863) is marked
by Grisebach as f stenostachyum. These last two specimens appear to be the ordinary
form of P. divaricatum. The pubescent form can scarcely be separated even as a
variety.
Hamilton’s species is based on ‘‘P. bambusoides Herb. Prof. Desv. Porto Rico.’’ A
specimen so marked in the Desvaux Herbarium in the Museum at Paris is P. divari-
catum. The type of P. chawvinii Steud. is also in the Museum at Paris.
13. Panicum erectifolium Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 28: 148. 1896.
Panicum sphaerocarpon floridanum Vasey, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Bull. 8: 33.
1889, not P. floridanum Trin. 1835.
Wright 3462.
The specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is from western Cuba, 1862, and is
numbered ‘‘896=3462.”? The specimen in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘ Lagunas,
Vueltabajo, July 24.”
14. Panicum exiguiflorum Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 234. 1866.
Panicum minutiflorum Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 305. 1853, not Rasp. 1825.
Panicum tricolor Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 51: 370. 1901.
Wright 755, 3450, 3877 in part, 756 in Gray Herbarium; Pinar del Rio, Earle &
Wilson HC 1550; Herradura, Tracy 9075, Hitchcock in 1906; La Magdalena Baker 1;
Isle of Pines, Taylor 35. The following are in the Herbarium of the New York
Botanical Garden: Isle of Pines, Taylor 35, Curtiss in 1904; Madruga, Shafer 452.
Wright’s 3450 in the National Herbarium is labeled ‘‘ Low savannas, Chirigote, Oct.
26;”’ the same number in the Gray Ierbarium, *‘ Pinales, Almacigos, July 26.”’ The
type in the Grisebach Herbarium is labeled *‘In bushy savannas, Hanabana, May
16,’’ 1865. The type of Richard’s species is at Paris. Grisebach has two other speci-
mens of this, one from western Cuba, 1863, numbered **909=3450,’’ which is the type
of his P. larum variety variegatum,” and the other, also from western Cuba, numbered
89—3450."? Wright’s 755, ‘‘ Pinales, San Juan de Buena Vista, Nov. 21, 1860-64,” and
no. 756, from eastern Cuba in 1856-57, both in the Gray Herbarium, are P. exiguiflorum.
The type of Panicum tricolor, Eggers 3978, from Fortune Island, Bahamas, was exam-
ined at Hackel’s herbarium.
15. Panicum fasciculatum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
Panicum fuscum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Panicum flavescens Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Panicum illinoniense Desv. Opusc. 91. 1831.
Santiago de las Vegas, Van Hermann HC 2445, Baker HC 2678, 5110, Wilson 593;
La Magdalena, Baker HC 3636; Herradura, T'racy 9091; Cienfuegos, Pringle 74, 124,
Combs 252 in Gray Herbarium; Ruge! 881 in Gray Herbarium; Habana, Leon 573.
In the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are the following: Santiago
de Cuba, Taylor 28; Baracoa, Underwood d& Earle 839; Santiago de las Vegas, Van
Hermann 2698b.
This appears to be a recent introduction into Cuba, where it occurs as a weed.
The type specimens of Swartz’s three species differ only as to size of panicle.
The specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is from eastern Cuba in 1859 and is
numbered 754. Wright's 754 in Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘ Roadsides near Saltadero,
Aug. 4,’’ Monte Verde, 1859.
The published source of P. i//inoniense Desv. is ‘‘America boreali.’’ The speci-
men in Desvaux’s herbarium in the Museum at Paris, marked with this name in
Desvaux’s handwriting, is P. fasciculatum Sw. The sheet is also marked ‘‘ hab.
,
a Cat. Pl. Cub. 233. 1866,
222 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
16. Panicum fusiforme nom. nov.
Panicum neuranthum ramosum Griseb,
L. 1767.
Pine woods, Las Oblas, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3453 in part; Wright
344 in part; Herradura, Tracy 9074, Hitchcock in 1906, Baker & Dimmock HC 4846,
Caldwell & Baker 7139; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 406.
There has been much confusion in the specimens distributed by Wright unde
numbers 3453, 3454, and 3461. The Grisebach specimen of the above species, which
is the type of his variety, is labeled * ‘Cya oce. Wr. 1863, 900=3454."’ No. 3453
is P. neuranthum. As distributed in various herbaria, however, 1’. Jusiforme occurs
in part of nos, 3453, 3454, and 3461. With these are various mixtures of P. neu-
ranthum, P. pauciciliatum, and P. lancearium.
Cat. Pl. Cub. 232. 1866, not P. ramosum
17. Panicum geminatum Forsk. Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 18. 1775.
Panicum paspalodes Pers. Syn. 1: 81. 1805.
Panicum brizoides Lam. Tab. Eneyel. 1: 170. 1791, not L. 1771.
Wright 761; Santiago de las Vegas, [itchcock in 1906: Batabano, [fitcheock in 1906;
Cienfuegos, Combs 426 in Gray Herbarium; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in Herb.
N.Y. Bot. Gard.
No. 761 of Wright in the National Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Wet, around ponds,
Hanabana, June 5.” The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba in 1860 and
is labeled ‘‘Bunches beside water holes. Palma Sola, July 19. 99=761." Per-
soon’s name is based on Panicum brizoides Lam., as he quotes Lamarck’s di agnosis
and cites his name as synonym. At Florence there is an authentic specimen of this
sent by Lamarck, collected in Mauritius by Commerson. The specimen of Pan-
icum brizoides in the Linnean Herbarium is Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. Doelle
takes up Paspalum appressum Lam. Tabl. Eneyel. 176. 1791, transferring it to Pan-
icum, but this is invalidated by Panicum appressum Forsk. FI. Aegypt. Arab. 20.
1775, and by P. appressum Kunth, Enum, 1: 84. 1833.
18. Panicum glutinosum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
Panicum obtusiflorum Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 305. 1850. .
Panicum lindenti Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 233. 1866.
Shady hills, Loma Pelada, December 12, Wright 757; Linden 2143 in Paris [er-
barium. Wright’s 757 in the Gray Herbarium is from “La Perla, along roadsides.”’
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, no. 757. P. Lindenii Griseb. is a
typonym of P. obtusiflorum Rich., both being based on Linden 2143, which is in
the Paris Herbarium. ,
19. Panicum grisebachii Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 301. 1908.
Mountain woods, creeping-assurgent, Valestina, October 8, Wright 3457; Madruga,
Britton, Britton & Shafer 758; San Antonio de los Banos, Baker HC 2853, Hitchcock
in 1906; Pinar del Rio, Baker HC 3817: Matanzas. Rugel 187 in Herb. N. Y. Bot.
Gard.
The main stem creeps along the ground, throwing up flowering branches a foot
or so high. There are two Wright specimens of this in the Grisebach Herbarium,
both from western Cuba, 1863, one numbered ‘‘889—345 57,°’ the other 9413457,"
20. Panicum hirsutum Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 173. 1797.
Wet ground near Matanzas, July 5, Wright 297 in 1865 in Grisebach Herbarium.
A large stout grass with hirsute sheaths, glabrous blades, large, rather compact
panicle, and spikelets about 2 mm. long, being similar to the type at Stockholn.
In the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are two other West Indian
speciinens of Uils species: Martinique, Duss 768; Guadaloupe, Duss 3917.
“In Mart. Fl. Bras. 22: 184, 1877.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 223
21. Panicum hirtivaginum sp. nov.
Culm erect (apparently from a perennial base), ascending-hirsute, 60 to 80 cm.
tall, the nodes densely hirsute; sheaths hirsute like the culms; ligule bristly; blades
flat, hirsute on both surfaces or glabrescent, scarcely scabrous on the margins, elon-
gated, erect or ascending, as much as 60 cm. long, and 12 mm. wide; panicle dif-
fuse, 20 to 30 cm. long, branches ascending, these and the main axis glabrous or
somewhat scabrous; spikelets on pedicels | to 3 mm. long, ovate-acuminate, gla-
brous, about 3 mm. long; lower glume ovate, strongly 5-nerved, somewhat over
1 mm. long; upper glume and sterile lemma equal, strongly 7 and 9-nerved, the
palea of the latter delicate, about half as long; fertile lemma chartaceous, smooth,
acute, nearly 2 mm. long, inrolled at the margins and including the margins of the
palea; fruit brown at maturity.
Type specimen Wright 758, Cuba, U. 8. National Herbarium no. 559958. Other
specimens are: Santiago de las Vegas, Tracy 9116; Habana, Tracy 9068; Wright 3860
in Gray Herbarium; Cienfuegos, Combs 259 in Gray Herbarium. In the herba-
rium of the New York Botanical Garden are: Santiago de Cuba, [Hamilton 230; Alto
Cedro, Underwood & Earle 1611; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 745; Eggers 5406.
Wright’s 758 is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana as P?. rudger Roem. & Schult.,
which species apparently does not occur in Cuba. The two specimens of Wright
758 in the Sauvalle Herbarium are labeled ‘‘In low ground beside rivulets, savannas
of Guamaroca, July 25,”’ and ‘‘In fields, Retiro, Oct. 11.’’ The Grisebach speci-
men of this species is numbered 281 and was collected in 1865.
This species differs from P. hirsutum Sw. in its smaller culms, hirsute blades,
more diffuse panicle, and larger spikelets.
22. Panicum lancearium Trin. Clay. Agrost. 234. 1822.
Panicum nashianum Scribn. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 7: 79. 1897.
Wright 3460; Wright 3461 in part.
Wright’s 3460 and 3461 in part, in the Krug and Urban Herbarium belong to this
species. There is a specimen of this in the Grisebach Herbarium from eastern Cuba,
numbered ‘101—3460” and labeled ‘Panicum dichotomum var. nodiflorum Lam.
forma glabrese.’’ Wright’s 3460 in the Gray Ilerbarium is labeled ‘‘Pinal. San Juan
de Buenavista, Nov. 21.”’
23. Panicum laxum Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Panicum agrostidiforme Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 172. 1791.
Panicum tenuiculmum Meyer, Prim, I'l, Esseq. 58: 1818.
Panicum polygonatum Schrad. in Schult. Mant. 2: 256. 1824.
Panicum diandrum Kunth, Rev. Gram. 2: 323. 1829.
Panicum ramuliflorum Uochst.; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 65. 1854.
Wright 759, 3856, 3862 in part, 3863 in part; Santiago de Las Vegas, Tracy 9114,
Hitchcock in 1906; Guanabacoa, Leon 190; Las Acostas, Baker HC 5240; Province Santa
Clara, Baker HC 2477, 2482; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1069, Taylor 37, Curtiss 464;
Herradura, /7itchcock in 1906, Tracy 9059, 9062, 9072, 9099, Caldwell & Baker 7136,
Pinar del Rio, Baker HC 1699; Cienfuegos, Combs 321 in Gray Herbarium. The follow-
ing are in the Herbarium .of the New York Botanical Garden: Pinar del Rio, Shafer
323; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904; Sagua, Britton & Wilson 300; Guajay, Earle &
Wilson 343.
Wright’s 759 in National Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Savannas, Retiro, Oct. 11.’? There
are four specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium: Western Cuba, collected in 1863,
‘*893—759;” eastern Cuba, 1859, no. 759; *‘ Hanabana, May 22, 1865, 189;’? “‘Wet—
among tall Cyperaceae, Hanabana, May 25, 1865, 196." Wright’s 3862 in the Gray Her-
barium consists of two specimens, one of which is 2’. /arwm, the other /’. condensum.
Wright’s 759 in the Gray Herbarium has three printed blank labels, for the years 1856-
57, 1859, and 1860-64.
29.4 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The type of P. agrostidiforme Lam. was examined at the Lamarck Herbarium in the
Museum at Paris; those of P. polygonatum Schrad. and 2. diandrum Kunth at Halle,
among specimens loaned to Professor Mez by the Berlin Herbarium. <A specimen of
P.tenuiculmum from Meyer is in the Trinius Herbarium; the type of ?. ramuliflorum
Hochst. (Pl. Kappler surin. nr. 1523”) is in the Herbarium at Munich. All these
agree with Swartz’s type.
24. Panicum leucothrix Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 41. 1897.
Herradura, /Titchcock in 1906.
In the Grisebach Herbarium is a specimen of this from western Cuba, 1863, numbered
‘£923 =3463."’ For other species distributed as 3463, see P. wrightianum, P. tenue, and
P. caerulescens.
25. Panicum maximum Jacq. Coll. 1: 76. 1786.
Panicum laeve Lam. Tabl. Eneyel. 1: 172. 1791.
Panicum trichocondylum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum, 1: 74, 1854.
Santiago de las Vegas, Wilson 438, Baker & Wilson 682, Hitchcock in 1906; Madruga,
Shajer; Guanabacoa, Leon 189; Guanajay, Palmer d& Riley 816; San Diego de los
Bafios, Palmer & Riley 542, 545; El Guama, Palmer & Riley 178; Pinar del Rio,
Wilson 1770, Palmer d& Riley 377; Werradura, /itchcock in 1906; Santiago de Cuba,
Pollard, Palmer & Palmer 283; Cientuegos, Combs 294 in Gray Herbarium; Guines,
Leon 427. In the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are: Santiago de
Cuba, Underwood & Earle 162; Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 113.
The type of P. Jaeve Lam., labeled ‘‘de Ste. Dominique” in the Lamarck Herbarium
and that of P. trichocondylum Steud., labeled *‘Ins. Guadaloup. Duchaissing”’ are in
the Museum at Paris.
Cultivated for forage and frequently escaped into waste land.
26. Panicum megiston Schult. Mant. 2: 248. 1824.
Panicum altissimum Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. 63. 1818, not Brous. 1805,
On tembladeros in lagunas, St. Cruz de los Pifios, July, Wright 3872.
27. Panicum neuranthum Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 232. 1866.
Wright 3453 in part.
The type specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is from eastern Cuba, 1860, num-
bered **103=3453.” The specimen in the Gray Herbarium is labeled, ‘‘Cuchillos
de Baracoa, June 20.’ This species is distinguished from others of the Angusti-
folium group by the smooth culms and nodes, involute blades, and narrow panicles,
and by spikelets 2mm. long. 2. neuranthum also occurs in southern Florida: Sanibel
Island, Simpson 298; Braidentown, Tracy 6711; Clearwater, Tracy 7166; Rugel 290;
Miami, //itchcock 705, 710; Alligator Harbor, Tracy 7176.
28. Panicum nitidum Lam. Tabl. Encyecl. 1: 172. 1791. -
Panicum subbarbulatumScribn. & Merr. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 29:9. 1901.
Wright 3459. .
The specimen in the Sauvalle [Herbarium is fragmentary, but the specimen in the
Kew Herbarium is more complete. Wright’s 3459 in the Gray Herbarium is partly
this and partly P. parvifolium.
29. Panicum numidianum Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 172. 1791.
Panicum barbinode Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 8°: 256. 1835.
Panicum equinum Salam.; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 67. 1854.
Wet places in savannas, Pinar del Rio, October, Wright 1545; Puentes Grandes,
Leon 283; Cienfuegos, Pringle 26, Habana, Leon 568. The following are in the her-
barium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Underwood & Earle 163;
Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 512; Eggers 4870.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 225
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1859, no. 1545. This species has
been referred to P. molle Sw., but the latter is a quite different Brazilian species. It
may be that P. muticum Forsk.¢ is an older name for this species.
Salzmann’s specimen from Bahia, upon which Panicum equinum is based, is in the
herbarium of Professor van Heurck at Antwerp; a duplicate isin the herbarium at
Florence. The specimen from Reugger, Paraguay, also cited by Steudel, is in the her-
barium of the Museum at Paris, and also belongs to this species.
30. Panicum parvifolium Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 173. 1791.
Wright 3458; Herradura, Tracy 9060, 9079, Hitchcock in 1906, Shafer; Pinar del Rio,
Shafer 430 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Grisebach specimens are from western Cuba, 1863, numbered, ‘‘901=3458” and
*927=3458.”’ This is listed by Grisebach > as P. cyanescens. The type of P. parvi-
folium is in the Lamarck Herbarium at Paris. Wright 3458 in the Gray Herbarium is
labeled ‘‘In lagunas (ponds) Los Almacigos, July 28,’’ and ‘‘On tembladeros in
lagunas, Asiento Viejo de San Julian, Nov.”
31. Panicum pauciciliatum Ashe, Journ. Elisha Mitch. Soc. 16: 87. 1900.
On crumbling banks, Loma Pelada, November 20, Wright 3876.
There is some material of this species mixed with Wright 3461 in the Krug and
Urban Herbarium. This species occurs also in Porto Rico (Heller & Heller 982b, 639,
Underwood & Griggs 955),and is common in the Atlantic coastal plain of the southern
United States.
32, Panicum pilosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
Panicum distichum Lam. Encycl. 4: 731. 1797.
Panicum pilisparsum Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. 57. 1818.
Wright 3457; Herradura, Van Hermann HC 763, Tracy 9063; Isle of Pines, Curtiss
305, Taylor 36 in Gray Herbarium.
There seems to be an error in the number of the Wright specimen. It is published
as 3451 in Grisebach’s catalogue and in Flora Cubana, and the specimen is so num-
bered in the Kew and the Grisebach herbaria, but in the Sauvalle and the Berlin
herbaria the number is 3457. The Grisebach spécimen is from western Cuba, 1863,
numbered *‘888=3451.”
The hairs on the rachis are variable. Curtiss’s 305 in the National Herbarium is
without hairs; the same number in the herbarium of the Cuba Experiment Station
has hairs on some of the spikes. Wright’s 3451 in the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘ Retiro,
July 15, in woods (damp).’’
33. Panicum polycaulon Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 200. 1897.
Wright 3875 in National Herbarium; Herradura, //itchcock in 1906; Shafer 480 in
Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 990.
34. Panicum repens L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 87. 1762.
Habana, Leon 296, 563.
35. Panicum reptans L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 870. 1759.
Panicum grossarium L. op. cit. 871.
Panicum caespitosum Sw. Fl. Ind. Oce. 1: 140. 1797.
Panicum prostratum Lam. Tabl. Eneyel. 1: 171. 1791.
Panicum insularum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 160. 1854.
Wright 762, 763, 3857; Habana, Leon 276, 292, 297, 566, 576, Curtiss 691, Hitchcock in
1906; San Antonio, Hitchcock in 1906; Baracoa, Pollard, Palmer & Palmer 19; Madruga,
Curtiss 536; Colon, Baker HC 3588; Herradura, Tracy 9103; Cienfuegos, Pringle 73;
Combs 253 in Gray Herbarium; Yumury Valley, Auge! 1985in Gray Herbarium. The
following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: La Magdalena,
Earle & Baker 2455; Baracoa, Underwood & Earle 1391; Yumury Mountains, Rugel 195
“Fl, Aegypt. Arab. 20. 1775. b Cat. Pl. Cub. 233. 1866.
61170—vou 12, pr 6—09——4
226 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The Grisebach specimen from eastern Cuba, 1860, is numbered ‘‘105=762.’’ The
types of the above synonyms are all identical.¢ The West Indian grass commonly
known as P. grossarium is P. adspersum Trin.
The type of Panicum insularum Steud. labeled ‘‘Antillae minores, Hohenacker”’ is
in the Museum at Paris.
36. Panicum rugelii Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub, 233, 1866.
Shady woods, Valestina, September 27, Wright 3465; Pinar del Rio, Baker HC 3790;
San Antonio, Hitchcock in 1906; Matanzas, Britton d- Shafer 106 in Herb. N. Y. Bot.
Gard.
Creeping flat along the surface of the ground in shady woods, the leaves distinctly
dorso-ventral, more or less pubescent. In the Grisebach Herbarium is Rugel 188 from
Matanzas, the type specimen, and Wright 3465. A duplicate type is in the Gray
Herbarium.
37. Panicum scoparium Lam. Encycl. 4: 444. 1797.
Panicum viscidum Ell. Bot. 8. ©. & Ga. 1: 123. 1816.
Wright 3467.
The specimen with this number in the Grisebach Herbarium is the same, The
specimen in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘In loose bunches, road to Pinal Mayarf,
Aug. 4.”
38. Panicum sellovii Nees, Agrost. Bras. 153. 1829.
Panicum lasianthum Trin. Icon. 245. 1835.
Panicum valenzuelanum Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cuba 11: 304. 1850.
Wet savannas, Hanabana, May 17, Wright 3462; Wright 3455; edge of thickets in
pinales, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3855; Shafer 561 in Herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.;
Herradura, Tracy 9098, Hitchcock in 1906.
Grisebach’s specimen, which is from western Cuba, 1863, and is numbered ‘‘935=
3455,”’ is the type of P. rugulosum hirtiglume Griseb.6 Wright’s 3855 in the Sauvalle
Herbarium has a second label which reads, ‘‘ Low, wet ground beside rivulets, Pinar
del Rio, Oct.”? Wright’s 3455 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘Pinales, La Catalina,
Sept. 11,” and ‘‘Pinal, Rangel, Aug. 6.”’ P. rugulosum Trin.¢ has glabrous spike-
lets. This has not been found in Cuba. The type of /’. sellovii in the Berlin Her-
barium agrees with the type of P. lasianthum in the Trinius Herbarium. In the latter
herbarium is also a portion of the type of P. sellovii, The type of Richard’s species
is at Paris.
39. Panicum sloanei Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 551. 1864.
Hillsides, scandent or trailing, Valestina, September 27, Wright 3878; near Habana,
Britton & Shafer 115, 759, Guanajay, Baker HC 4587, 4592; San Antonio, /itcheock in
1906; Cienfuegos, Combs 55 in Gray Herbarium; Rugel 872 in Gray Herbarium. The
following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Matanzas,
Britton & Wilson 121,393; Rugel 868; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 328; Madruga, Britton
& Shafer 759; Isle of Pines, Taylor 22.
Leaf blades larger and broader and panicle larger and more widely spreading than
in P. divaricatum. In the Grisebach Herbarium are two specimens, ‘‘In sylvis densis,
Matanzas, Rugel 872,’’ and ‘‘Woods, Hanabana, June 17, 1865,’ Wright 269. A
specimen in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden from Matanzas (Briton
& Shafer 586) i is s doubtfully referred here.
a For a discussion see Contr. ‘Nat. ‘Herb. ‘12: 119. 1908.
bCat. Pl. Cub. 233. 1866.
¢Gram. Pan. 195. 1826.
611 70—09— —15
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 227
40. Panicum stenodes Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 547. 1864.
Low, wet pine woods, El Salado, August, Wright 3871; Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906,
Baker & Abarca HC 4192, Baker HC 2956, Habana, Leon 567; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in
1904 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Grisebach specimen is labeled ‘‘Sandy ground in the Cienaga, Hanabana,
May 17,” no. 192. Two other specimens, 284 and 285, included by Grisebach in this
cover, are P. distantiflorum. PP. caricoides Nees@ differs in having larger spikelets
(2 mm. long) with bristles at apex of pedicel, and flat blades, villous on upper sur-
face, as shown by the type in the Munich Herbarium and a portion in the Trinius
Herbarium.
41. Panicum strigosum Muhl.; Ell. Bot. S.C. & Ga. 1: 126. 1816.
Savannas around base of palms, Daganiguas, September, Wright 3875; El Guama,
Palmer & Riley 213.
» Wright’s 3875 in the National Herbarium is P. polycaulon.
42. Panicum swartzianum Hitche. Contr, Nat. Herb. 12: 140. 1908.
Panicum lanatum Sw. Prod. 24. 1788, not Rottb. 1776.
Santiago de Cuba, Hamilion 218 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
43, Panicum tenerum Beyrich; Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. V1. 3: 341. 1835.
In dense bunches in dried-up ponds, Pinar del Rio, December, Wright 188; Her-
radura, Baker & Dimmock HC 4837, Hitchcock in 1906, Tracy 9080; ‘a tall branching
grass in deepish water of lagunas, Pinar del Rio, Sept.,’’ Wright 3870 in National
Herbarium.
Wright’s 188 is mixed with P. distantiflorum and has, in addition to the label
quoted, another, ‘‘Savannas of Guamaroca, July 28.’’ Wright’s 3870 is also mixed
with P. distantiflorum. The Florida specimens of P, tenerum have been going under
the name of P. stenodes. Wright’s 3860 in the Gray Herbarium is P. tenerwm.
44, Panicum tenue Muhl. Gram. 118. 1817.
Panicum albomarginatum Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 40. 1897.
Sandy pine woods, Pinar del Rio, September, Wright 3463 in part; Herradura,
Shafer 560, Baker HC 2967, 2973, 2977, Hitchcock in 1906; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 320
in part; Isle of Pines, Taylor 32.
For other specimens distributed as Wright 3463, see P. caerulescens, P. leucothriz,
and P. wrightianum.
45, Panicum tricanthum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 210. 1829.
Wright 753; Habana, Curtiss 598; Vento, Leon 557.
No. 753 of Wright in the National Herbarium is labeled ‘‘In large, loose bunches
beside the river Agabama Guinia, Trinidad, May 5.’’ The specimen in the Grise-
bach Herbarium is from western Cuba, 1863, and is numbered ‘‘948=753."’ In
the Gray Herbarium there are two specimens, ‘‘Villa Clara, Macagua, Jan. 21,”
1860-64, and ‘‘Santa Isabel, along rivulets,’’ eastern Cuba, in 1856-57.
46. Panicum trichoides Sw. Prod. 24. 1788.
Prope villam Monte Verde dictam, Cuba Orientali, 1859, Wright 1538, in Gray
Herbarium; Habana, Curtiss 714, Britton d& Wilson 510; Guanabacoa, Leon 206.
A weed in cultivated soil. P. brevifolium 1.., to which our species has been
referred, is from India (P. ovalifolium Poir. as described in Hooker’s Flora of British
India).
47. Panicum virgatum cubense Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 233. 1866.
Panicum virgatum obtusum Wood, Bot. & Flor. 392. 1874.
Panicum virgatum breviramosum Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 28: 150, 1896.
@ Trin. Gram. Pan. 149. 1826.
228 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Marshes, Hanabana, May 27, Wright 3873; Batabano, Baker IC 2763, Hitchcock
in 1906, Palmer & Riley 1134.
Wright’s specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium has also the secondary number
183. In the Grisebach Herbarium this occurs with the number 183 and is labeled
Panicum virgatum variety cubense, ‘‘Low savannas, Hanabana, May 19.’’ This form
is characterized by the more obtuse spikelets, narrower panicle, and culms solitary
or few in a clump.
48. Panicum wrightianum Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11: 44.
1898.
Panicum minutulum Desv. Opusc. 87. 1831, not Gaud. 1826.
Wright 3463 in National Herbarium.
There is a specimen of this species in the Grisebach Herbarium from western Cuba,
1863, numbered ‘‘895=3463,’’ and bearing the note ‘‘Spiculis puberulis.”’ Wright’s
3463 in the Boissier and in the Kew Herbarium consists of this species and P. leu-
cothrix. It is to be noted that P. tenue and P. caerulescens are also distributed in
various herbaria as Wright 3463. Wright’s 3463 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled
‘“‘Lagunas, Vueltabajo, July 24.’’ The sheet also bears asmall plant of P. leucothrix.
49. Panicum zizanioides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 100. 1816.
Panicum oryzoides Sw. Prod, 23. 1788, not Ard. 1764.
Wright 3466; Laguna Castellano, Baker HC 4335.
Grisebach’s specimen of Wright 3466 is also without locality.
33. ICHNANTHUS Beauv. Agrost. 56. pl. 12. f. 1. 1812.
Blades, especially those of sterile shoots, contracted into petiole-like
bases, as much as | em. long................--.22-222.-2-2-25-005- 4. I. wrightii.
Blades not contracted into petiole-like bases.
First glume as long as spikelet; stem creeping, blades ovate. ....2. J. nemorosus.
First glume one-half to three-fourths as long as spikelet; stem
ascending.
Blades narrowly linear-lanceolate, thick and firm........... 1. I. mayarensis.
Blades ovate-lanceolate, thin, usually 10 to 15 mm. wide...3. I. pallens.
1. Ichnanthus mayarensis (Wright).
Panicum mayarense Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 206. 1871; Sauv. Fl.
Cub. 197.
Pinales de Mayari, July 24, and Mayari Abajo, August 2 (1860-64), Wright 3468
in Gray Herbarium.
This species is represented by two sheets, as noted above, the second of which,
marked Mayari Abajo, is the type, as this locality agrees with that published. This
number has been found in no other herbarium. The fertile lemma is slightly over
2 mm. (2.2 mm.) long, and the margins do not meet except at the tip, thus exposing a
narrow strip of the palea. The scars at the base are small and the wings are wanting.
2. Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2°: 289. 1877.
Panicum nemorosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
In dense woods, Retiro, November 20, Wright 3881; damp woods near the Mogote
de Mono, October 8, Wright 3882; shady banks of Rio Sico‘in Arroyo Hondo, Pinar
del Rio, December, Wright 3858.
3. Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 414. 1861.
Panicum pallens Sw. Prod. 23. 1788.
Wright 750; El Guama, Palmer & Riley 130, 218; Baracoa, Pollard, Palmer &
Palmer 15. The following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden:
Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 385, 526, Hamilton 215; Baracoa, Underwood & Earle 267;
El Sigual, Eggers 4661.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 229
There are four specimens of this in the Grisebach Herbarium: No. 750 labeled
‘Prope villam Monte Verde dictam. Cuba orientali;”’ another numbered 750 from
eastern Cuba, 1856-57; a Wright. specimen without number or locality collected in
1860-64; and a specimen with proliferous spikelets, numbered 887, ‘‘Cuba occ. Wr.
1863.’? This species not infrequently occurs with proliferous spikelets, as in Palmer
“& Riley 130 cited above. The spikelets then consist of many sterile lemmas and
the plants appear as if belonging to the tribe Festuceae.
4. Ichnanthus wrightii sp. nov. .
Culms slender, prostrate-spreading, more or less rooting at the nodes, glabrous
or sparsely villous, 20 to 30 cm. long; sheaths mostly less than half the length of
the internodes, striate-nerved, villous on the margins, otherwise glabrous or nearly
so; blades ovate-lanceolate, striate-nerved, faintly 3 to 5-ribbed, glabrous, 12 to
30 mm. long, 2 to 8 mm. wide on the sterile shoots, somewhat larger and thicker
on the ascending flowering culms, all abruptly or cordately narrowed into a slender
stalk | to 5 mm. long on the fertile culms, or as much as 15 mm. long on the sterile
shoots; panicles 4 to 8 cm. long, consisting of a few spike-like racemes, 0.5 to 2 cm.
long; spikelets 3 mm. long, glabrous, the pedicel minutely pubescent; lower glume
about half the length of the spikelet, 3-nerved; second glume and sterile lemma
equal, acuminate, strongly 5-nerved; fertile lemma scarcely 2 mm. long, the edges
meeting and covering the palea, except at the very base, the outer margin of the
base of the lemma bearing a scar at each side, but no wings.
Wright’s 3880. U.S. National Herbarium no. 559959 of this collection is the type.
The specimen in the Sauvalle Herbarium is labeled, ‘‘Under overhanging rocks
(damp) and around base of palms beside the Rio Seco in Arroyo Honda, Pinar del
Rio, Dec.’? The Grisebach specimen consists of a single spikelet in a packet, labeled
“Echinolaena Sp.’’ no. 760. In the Kew Herbarium there are four specimens num-
bered 2, 23, 244, 760. Nos. 760 and 3880 are also in the Gray Herbarium. This
species is allied to 7. mayarensis.
384. TRICHOLAENA Schrad. in Schult. Mant. 2: 163. 1824.
1. Tricholaena rosea Nees, Cat. Sem. Hort. Vratisl. 1835.
Britton, Britton & Shafer 533.
Sparingly introduced.
35. OPLISMENUS Beauv. Il. Owar. 2: 14. t. 48. 1804.
1. Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. 2: 481. 1817.
Panicum hirtellum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 870. 1759.
Panicum setarvum Lam. Tabl. Encyel. 1: 170. 1791.
Woods, Hanabana, June 1, Wright 1543; damp woods, Monte Verde, March, Wright
751; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 5051, Hitchcock in 1906; San Antonio, Hitch-
cock in 1906; Guanajay, Baker HC 3461; Habana, Curtiss 593, Leon 556; Matanzas,
Palmer & Riley 12; Cienfuegos, Pringle 76; Combs 667 in Gray Herbarium; El
Guama, Palmer & Riley 146; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 268; Matanzas, Rugel 189 in Gray
Herbarium. In the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are the follow-
ing: Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 221; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 422, 481.
Wright’s numbers 751 and 1543 in the Grisebach Herbarium are from eastern Cuba,
1859. The latter is numbered 1593 in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana.
It is quite possible that the specimens here included may be referred to distinct
species. The type of Panicwm setaritum Lam. at Paris resembles Wright’s 1543. The
blades are short and the clusters of spikelets globose and few-flowered. Wright 751
and Curtiss 268 and 593 have larger and longer blades and spikes, but some of the
other specimens are intermediate.
230 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
36. CHAETOCHLOA Scribn. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 38. 1897.
Bristles retrorsely barbed; plant annual. ..................-...-- 6. C. verticillata.
Bristles antrorsely barbed; plants perennial.
Culms pilose. 2.2... 0.2 ce ee eee ee ees 1. C. hispida,
Culms glabrous.
Inflorescence dense and spike-like; involucral bristles 5
or more.
Bristles scarcely exceeding the spikelets; racemes
slender. ..........2200202000000 0000022 eee 4, C. purpurascens.
Bristles 2 to 4 times as long as spikelets; racemes
thick... 0.2.0... eee eee eee eee eee ee eee 2. C. imberbis.
Inflorescence comparatively loose; involucral bristles 1
to 3.
First glume 5-nerved, second 9 to 1l-nerved......... 3. C. onurus.
First glume 3-nerved, second 5-nerved..........-.-.5. C. setosa.
1. Chaetochloa hispida Scribn. & Merr. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 21: 25.
1900.
Sandy pine woods, La Grija, Nueva Filipina, January, Wright in 1865, in the Gray
Herbarium.
2. Chaetochloa imberbis (Poir.) Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 39,
1897.
Panicum imberbe Poir. Encycl. Suppl. 4: 272. 1817.
Savannas, Chirigote, June 13, Wright 3472, 3473; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC
518, 561, 636, 1358, Hitchcock in 1906; Habana, Curtiss 749, Leon 269, Tracy 9112;
San Diego de los Bafios, Palmer & Riley 546; Herradura, Baker HC 2965, Hitchcock in
1906; Isle of Pines, Taylor 45. The following are in the herbarium of the New York
Botanical Garden: Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 170, Britton & Shafer 244; Sagua,
Britton & Wilson 319; Madruga, Shafer 454.
The species of Chaetochloa here considered are accepted as defined by Scribner and
Merrill.¢ I have not seen the type of Panicum imberbe Poir. nor of Panicum genicu-
latum Lam., which may be an older name for the same.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are the following Wright specimens: 1. ‘‘Wet ground
around lagunas, Hanabana, May 16,’’ no. 199 of 1865, a prostrate bunch with culms
15 to 20 cm. long. The bristles are only a little longer than the spikelets, the spikes
about | cm. long, the blades without the scattered long hairs on the upper surface
found in most of the specimens. 2. No. 200 of 1865, which Grisebach has labeled
Setaria glauca «, This also has short bristles. 3. No. 3472, 1860-64, bristles short.
4. No. 3473, 1860-64, bristles about 5 mm. long.
2a. Chaetochloa imberbis penicillata (Nees) Scribn. & Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div.
Agrost. Bull. 21: 11. 1900.
Panicum penicillatum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 242. 1829.
Matanzas, July 7, Wright 3888; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker 522, 1276; Guines,
Leon 428.
This differs from C. imberbis chiefly in having longer bristles.
3. Chaetochloa onurus (Willd.) Scribn. & Merr. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull.
21: 27. 1900.
Panicum onurus Willd.; Nees, Agrost. Bras. 251. 1829, as synonym.
Setaria onurus Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 555. 1864.
Wright 3474; Wright 182; Wright 3887 in National Herbarium (3487 in Sauv. Fl. Cub.);
_ Triscornia, Tracy 9090; Cienfuegos, Combs 264 in Gray Herbarium. The following are
@U.8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 21: 10. 1900.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA, 231
in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 232;
Madruga, Shafer 453; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 29.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are two Wright specimens of this species, ‘‘Savannas
of Guanacaro, July 28,’’ no. 287 of 1865, and no. 3474 of 1860 to 1864.
4, Chaetochloa purpurascens (H. B. K.) Scribn. & Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div
Agrost. Bull. 21: 13. 1900.
Setaria purpurascens H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 110. 1816.
Batabano, Shafer 487; Jaguey, Eggers 5320 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
5. Chaetochloa setosa (Sw.) Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 39.
1897.
Panicum setosum Sw. Prod. 22. 1788.
Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1000 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; Santiago de Cuba,
Taylor 13, 71; Matanzas, Rugel 880.
6. Chaetochloa verticillata (L.) Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull.
4: 39. 1897.
Panicum verticillatum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 82. 1762.
Habana, Curtiss 693, Hitchcock in 1906, Baker, HC 2675, Leon 555.
A weed in the Botanical Garden.
37. CENCHRUS L. Sp. Pl. 1049. 1753.
Blades crowded, short, stiff, conspicuously distichous. ........... 2. C. distichophyllus.
Blades not crowded, stiff, nor distichous.
Basal bristles of bu:. stout. ............-------------------- 1. C. carolinianus.
Basal bristles of burs numerous, slender.
Burs 12 mm. or more wide, lobes erect...........-..--- 3. C. echinatus.
Burs not over 8 mm. wide, lobes interlocking. ...-..... 4. C. viridis.
1. Cenchrus carolinianus Walt. Fl. Car. 79. 1788.
Cenchrus tribuloides L. err. det. Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 556. 1864.
Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia, Hitcheock in 1906; Guanajay, Palmer &
Riley 781; Habana, Palmer & Riley 1146; Wright 3476 in Gray Herbarium.
2. Cenchrus distichophyllus Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 234. 1866.
Wright 3475.
The Grisebach specimen, which is the type of this species, is from western Cuba,
1863, numbered ‘‘916=3475.’’ Wright’s 3475 in the Gray Herbarium is from ** Pinales,
Guanes, Remates, Dec.”’
3. Cenchrus echinatus L. Sp. Pl. 1050. 1753.
Santiago de las Vegas, Hitchcock in 1906; Guanajay, Palmer & Riley 679; Isle of
Pines, Taylor 24; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 24 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
4. Cenchrus viridis Spreng. Syst. 1: 301. 1825.
Wright 3889; Guanajay, Palmer & Riley 665; Santiago de Cuba, Millspaugh 1110,
Pollard, Palmer & Palmer 284; Wright 3476 in Grisebach Herbarium; Cienfuegos,
Combs 597 in Gray Herbarium. The following are in the herbarium of the New York
Botanical Garden: Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 127; Santiago de Cuba, Underwood &
Earle 168. Wright 3889 is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana as ‘‘ Andropogon Sp.?”
It would seem that there must be some error in numbering, but this number in the
Gray Herbarium is also Cenchrus.
Cenchrus viridis may be distinguished from (. echinatus by the smaller burs and
more incurved involucre lobes.
232 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
38. PENNISETUM Rich. in Pers. Syn. 1: 72. 1805.
Spike loose; bristles all naked....... 2.2... .......... 02000 e eee 1. P. domingense.
Spike narrow, dense; some of the bristles plumose...............-. 2. P. setosum.
1. Pennisetum domingense (Spreng.) Spreng. Syst. 1: 302. 1825.
Gymnothrix domingensis Spreng.; Schult. Mant. 2: 284. 1824.
Eastern Cuba, Wright 1547 in 1857 in the Grisebach and Gray herbaria.
2. Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich. in Pers. Syn. 1: 72. 1805.
Cenchrus setosus Sw. Prod. 26. 1788. °
In thickets skirting pine woods, Pinar del Rio, Wright 3471.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, numbered ‘‘111=3475.” Wright’s
3471 in the Gray Herbarium is labeled ‘‘ Edge of savannas, San Juan de Buenavista,
Nov. 24.”
39. CHAETIUM Nees, Agrost. Bras. 269. 1829.
1. Chaetium cubanum (Wright).
Perotis? cubana Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 288.1871; Sauv. Fl. Cub. 202.
Wright 735 in Gray Herbarium.
The locality is not indicated except that the collection was made in eastern Cuba
in 1856-57. This is referred by Doell® to Panicum chaetium Steud. (Chaetium
festucoides Nees), but it differs in many respects. The blades are short and narrow,
mostly involute; the inflorescence is loose, the spikelets few and distant, narrowed to
a pedicel 1.5 mm. long, strongly bearded at the base; first glume very narrow, 22 mm.
long including awn, 3-nerved at base; second glume 5-nerved, 18 mm. long, including
awn; sterile lemma and fertile lemma thin, 3-nerved, awnless, 4.5 mm. long.
40. PARATHERIA Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 236. 1866.¢
1. Paratheria prostrata Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 236. 1866.
Panicum leptochyrium Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2°: 150. 1877.
Wright 3906; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 461.
The Grisebach specimen, which is the type, bears the secondary number 207, and
was collected in 1865. This is listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana as Chamaeraphis
parvigluma Munro, a nomen nudum, and the Wright number is misprinted 3909.
In the Gray Herbarium is a specimen of this species from Santarem, Pard, collected
by Spruce, which agrees with Curtiss 461 in being more pubescent than the Wright
specimen. This appears to be a duplicate type of Panicum leptochyrium Doell, though
the specimen is not numbered.
41. STENOTAPHRUM Trin. Fund. Agrost. 175. 1820.
1. Stenotaphrum secundum (Walt.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 794. 1891.
Ischaemum secundum Walt. Fl. Car. 249. 1788.
- Wright 3490; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 448, 794, 3649; Matanzas, Britton &
Shafer 140; Guanabacoa, Baker & Hasselbring 7200; San Antonio, Hitchcock in 1906;
Habana, Palmer & Riley 822; Cape Corrientes, Millspaugh 1459; Cabafias, Palmer &
Riley 759; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1008, Rowlee 49; Cienfuegos, Combs 535 in
Gray Herbarium. The following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical
Garden: Batabano, Shafer 158; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904.
The Grisebach specimen was collected in 1860-64.
@Tn this genus I have followed Leeke, Zeitschr. Naturw. 79. 1907.
bIn Mart. Fl. Bras. 2°: 150. 1877.
eThis genus is referred to Chamaeraphis R. Br. by Hackel (Engl. & Prantl, Pflan-
zenfam.) but seems sufficiently distinct.
HITCHCOCK S OF CUBA. 233
42. OLYRA L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1261. 1759.
1. Olyra latifolia L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1261. 1759.
Retiro, February 27, Wright 746; Las Acostas, Baker HC 5239; Vento, Baker HC
584; Lomas de Candelaria, Baker HC 1624; Madruga, Shafer; Baracoa, Pollard,
Palmer & Palmer 53; Cienfuegos, Pringle 70; El Guama, Palmer & Riley 115, 216;
Herradura, Baker HC 2940, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1058, 1066,
Curtiss 293, Taylor 26, 27, in Gray Herbarium; Yumury Mountains, Rugel 186 in Gray
Herbarium; Cienfuegos, Combs 210 in Gray Herbarium; Marianao, Leon 583. The
following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Cedro, Underwood
& Earle 1538; Yumury Mountains, Rugel 873; SantiagodeCuba, Hamilton 209; Matan-
zas, Britton & Wilson 457; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 315, 736; Eggers 4639.
There are two Wright specimens of this in the Grisebach Herbarium, no. 162 of 1865
and no. 746 from eastern Cuba, 1859.
43. LITHACHNE Beauv. Agrost. 135. ¢. 24. f. 17. 1812.
Blades ovate, | to 2 cm. wide.........-.---+------------- ‘Lee ee ee eee 1. L. pauciflora.
Blades oblong, less than 5 mm. wide............---.-.-----2--+----2. L. pineti.
1. Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) Beauv.; Poir. Dict. Sci. Nat. 27: 60. 1823,
Olyra pauciflora Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
Olyra axillaris Lam. Encycl. 4: 547. 1797.
Lithachne axillaris Beauv. Agrost. 166. t. 24. f. 11. 1812.
Wright 732; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 4148, 5049, Hitchcock in 1906; San
Antonio, Hitchcock in 1906; Cienfuegos, Pringle 54, Combs 319 in fray Herbarium;
Madruga, Curtiss 661; El Guama, Palmer & Riley 105; Herradura, Baker HC 2941,
Hitchcock in 1906; Habana, Leon 584. In the herbarium of the New York Botanical
Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Hamilton 210; Eggers 5356.
There are three specimens of this in the Grisebach Herbarium, two from eastern
Cuba, 1856-57 and 1859, both numbered 732, and one from western Cuba numbered
‘©1133—732.’”’ One sheet of Wright 732 in the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘ Banks of
river, Santa Cruz, San José, Apr. 8.”
2. Lithachne pineti (Wright) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 182. 1908.
Olyra pineti Wright; Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 532. 1862.
Eastern Cuba in 1859, Wright 1536 in Grisebach Herbarium. There is a duplicate
type in the Gray Herbarium.
44. MNIOCHLOA Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 185. 1908.
Flowering culms much exceeding sterile ones; fruit glabrous......1. M. pulchella.
Flowering and sterile culms about equal in height; fruit pubescent .2. M. strephioides.
1. Mniochloa pulchella (Griseb.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 186. 1908.
Digitaria pulchella Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 231. 1866.
Strephium? pulchellum Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 202. 1871; Sauv.
FI. Cub. 193.
Crece al borde de precipicios en el Yunque de Baracoa Wright 3448.
2. Mniochloa strephioides (Griseb.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash, 21: 186. 1908.
Olyra strephioides Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 229. 1866.
Wright 3435; San Diego de los Baiios, Caldwell & Baker 7011.
The Grisebach specimen, which is the type, is from western Cuba, 1863, num-
bered ‘'942=3435.”’
234 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
45. PHARUS 1.. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1269. 1759.
Culms creeping at base.........-.....-.-.-----5-------- See e eee eee 3. P. parvifolius.
Culms not creeping at base.
Fruit pubescent only at the tip, slightly exceeding the
glume......-.2.-.-2-2 222-2022 eee 2. P. latifolius.
Fruit pubescent all over, 2 to 3 times as long as the glume..... 1. P. glaber.
1. Pharus glaber H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 196. 1816.
Dense woods, Valestina, September 27, Wright 733; Managuas, Baker HC 455;
El Guama, Palmer & Riley 123, 260; San Antonio, Hitchcock in 1906; Yumury Moun-
tains, Rugel 871 in Gray Herbarium; Cienfuegos, Combs 363 in Gray Herbarium.
The Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium are no. 268 of 1865, no. 733
from eastern Cuba, 1856-57, and no. 733 from eastern Cuba, 1859. The following
are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de Cuba, Taylor
40, 275, 284, 479; Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 66, 227; Madruga, Britton & Shafer
789; Eggers 4708.
2. Pharus latifolius L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1269. 1759.
Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 217, Hamilton 211, both in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
3. Pharus parvifolius Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 301. 1908.
Jaguey, Eggers 4939, Maxon 4155, in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
This species, which also occurs in Haiti, differs in having stems with creeping
bases.
46. LUZIOLA Gmel. Syst. Nat. 1: 636. 1791.4
1. Luziola bahiensis (Steud.)
Caryochloa bahiensis Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 5. 1854.
Luziola alabamensis Chapm. Fl. So. U. 8. 584. 1860.
Luziola longivalvula Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. 27: 17. 1871.
In rivulets, the panicles just above the surface cf the water, pinales, Pinar del
Rio, December, Wright 3813.
In the National Herbarium are: Duplicate type of L. alabamensis Chapm., col-
lected by J. F. Beaumont, Brooklyn, Alabama, in 1859; duplicate type of Cary-
ochloa bahiensis Steud., and also of Luziola longivalvula Doell (Bahia, Salzmann;
Brazil, Prov. Minas Geraes, Menschen 1376, cited by Doell).
47. ORYZA L. Sp. PI. 333. 1753.
1. Oryza sativa L. Sp. Pl. 333. 1753.
Wright 3838.
In the National Herbarium is another specimen numbered 191.
48. HOMALOCENCHRUS Mieg. Act. Helvet. Phys.-Math. 4: 307. 1760.
Spikelets 3 mm. long. ...... 2.0... 0000220..0.0.0...2-..2222-2-22----- lL. Hf. hexandrus.
Spikelets 2 mm. long.................---...2.0.0.--0.222020--02-.-- 2. H. monandrus.
1. Homalocenchrus hexandrus (Sw.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 777. 1891.
Leersia herandra Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
Wright 3434, 3837; Herradura, //itchcock in 1906.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1860, numbered ‘* 1183434.”
In Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana this number. is misprinted 3484. Wright’s 3434 in the
Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘San Mateo, in water 3 feet deep.”’
a Juss. Gen. Pl. 33. 1789, without citation of species.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 235
2. Homalocenchrus monandrus (Sw.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 777. 1891.
Leersia monandra Sw. Prod. 21. 1788.
Wright 731; Yumury Mountains, Rugel 200 in Gray Herbarium.
There are two Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium, both numbered
731; one collected in 1856-57, the other in 1859. Wright’s 731 in the Gray Herba-
rium is labeled ‘‘ In small tufts on precipitous hillsides, Loma de Rangel, July 11.”’
49. ACHLAENA Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 228. 1866.
1. Achlaena piptostachya Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 229. 1866.
Wright 205; Pinar del Rio, Baker HC 3747; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 236, Palmer &
Riley 913; Wright 3487 in National Herbarium.
The Grisebach specimens are no. 205 of 1865 and no. 3487 of 1860-64 (type).
50. REYNAUDIA Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 195. pl. 9. 1829.
1. Reynaudia filiformis (Spreng.) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 195. 1829.
Polypogon cubensis Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 313. 1850.
Wright 3428; Herradura, Baker HC 4825, Tracy 9070, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss 371; Cienfuegos, Combs 579 in Gray Herbarium. The following are in the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Sagua, Britton & Wilson 334; Madruga,
Britton & Shafer 687.
There are two Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium, one from eastern
Cuba in 1860, no. ‘* 116=3428,’’ and another from western Cuba in 1863, no. ‘‘937=
3428.’ Wright’s 3428 in the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘ Savannas, Chirigote, July 11.”
The type of Polypogon cubensis is at Paris.
51. ARISTIDA L. Sp. Pl. 82. 1753.
Lateral awns minute or wanting. ........................2----------- 5. A. scabra.
Lateral awns about as long as central awn.
Awns united into a twisted base about 3 mm. long; blades involute,
usually 3 to5 cm. long................22-2-.--------------.-3. A. mohrii.
Awns not united at base.
Central awn 2 to 3 cm. long; blades elongated, 60 to 90 cm.
long. ..-. 22-2222 2-222 eee eee 2. A. erecta.
Central awn about 1 em. long; blades short and stiff.
Awns recurved at base at maturity; glumes about 6 mm.
long; culm blades scattered. ............-. Leese eeeeee 4. A. refracta.
Awns ascending at base; glumes 8 to 9 mm. long; culms
rigid and rush-like, the blades often only 1 to2cm. long,
commonly approximate in pairs. ...................-. lL. A. curtifolia.
1. Aristida curtifolia sp. nov.
Culms cespitose, from a perennial base, slender, stiffly erect, somewhat compressed,
smooth, 20 to 30 cm. high, the alternate internodes often shortened, thus bringing the
leaves together in approximate pairs; sheaths smooth, striate, short, 5 to 10 mm. long,
sometimes slightly villous at throat; blades short, thick, stiffly spreading, flat, folded
or involute, glabrous, 5 to 20 mm. long and 0.5 to | mm. wide, or the upper reduced
to mere awns 2 to 3 mm. long; inflorescence a narrow nearly simple panicle, 5 to 10
cm. long, the spikelets subsessile or occasionally terminating short erect branches
about 5 mm. long; glumes nearly equal, 8 to 9 mm. long, l-nerved, smooth, except
the scabrous upper part of the keel of the lower glume; lemma 5 to 6 mm. long with
a minutely hairy callus 0.5 mm. long, scabrous toward apex; awns about equal, 10
to 12 mm. long, scabrous, spreading but not recurved or twisted at base.
Type, Wright 736, 1865, no. 559960 in the U. S. National Herbarium, which also bears
the secondary numbers 282 and 286. Other specimens are: Wright 736 in eastern
236 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cuba, 1856-57 in Sauvalle Herbarium; Jata Hills at Guanabacoa, Hitchcock in 1906;
Baker & Hasselbring HC 7208, 7211; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 658 in Herb. N. Y.
Bot. Gard.
There are two Wright specimens of this in the Grisebach Herbarium, ‘‘Savannas of
Guanacaro, July 28, in small tufts,’’ no. 282 of 1865, and no. 736 from eastern Cuba,
1856-57.
This species is readily recognized by its stiff, rush-like culms and short sharp-
pointed blades. On the Jata Hills it occurs on dry, grassy slopes.
2. Aristida erecta sp. nov.
Culms erect, rather stout, from a perennial root, about 1.5 meters high, glabrous;
sheaths glabrous, longer than the internodes; blades glabrous beneath, scabrous on
the nerves above, elongated, convolute, much attenuated at the tip, 3 to 5 mm. wide,
as much as 1 meter long; panicles 50 cm. long, the numerous scabrous branches ascend-
ing below, spreading above, the lower as much as 20 cm. long, all spikelet-bearing to
the base; spikelets crowded, the pedicels erect, stout, 2 to 3 mm. long, glumes gla-
brous, the first 12 to 15 mm. long, scabrous on the keel, abruptly cuspidate or awn-
tipped, 3-nerved, one of the lateral nerves somewhat indistinct, second glume 2 to 3
mm. shorter, acuminate, |-nerved, smooth on the keel, lemma 12 to 13 mm. long,
glabrous, the callus about | mm. long, bearded, awns spreading, the central 2 to 3
em. long, the lateral somewhat shorter.
The type specimen was collected by Wright in Cuba in 1865, no. 41161, in the U.8.
National Herbarium. This specimen is numbered in pencil 2432, which is an error
for 3432. The corresponding specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium was collected in
western Cuba in 1863 and is numbered ‘‘928=3432.’’ The only other specimen seen
is: Herradura, Tracy 9076.
This species resembles A. palustris (Chapm.) Vasey, but differs in having taller
culms, larger and more spreading panicles, and longer glumes and lemma. In A.
palustris the panicle is narrow and strict, the glumes are about 10 mm. long and nearly
equal, and the lemma is only 7 to 8 mm. long.
3. Aristida mohrii Nash, Rep. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 436, 1900.
In roads Hanabana, January 16, Wright 737; Wright 3433 in part; Wright 742 in
National Herbarium; Jata Hills at Guanabacoa, [Hitchcock in 1906; La Caimanera,
Eggers 5389.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba in 1856-57, no. 737. Another Grise-
bach specimen, Wright ‘‘931=3433” from western Cuba, 1863, is doubtfully referred
here. It appears to be the same as the fragmentary specimen no. 742, mentioned
above.
4. Aristida refracta Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 228. 1866.
Aristida gyrans Chapm. Bot. Gaz. 3: 18. 1878.
Dry savannas, Chirigote, October 26, Wright 3431; dry savannas, Chirigote, October
31, Wright 3832; in dense bunches along rivulets in sandy soil, Pinar del Rio, October,
Wright 3834; in small dense tufts, sandy pine woods, Coloma, Pinar del Rio, October,
Wright 3833; Wright 3430, 3831; Jata Hills at Guanabacoa, [7itchcock in 1906; Herra-
dura, [Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 995, Taylor 20.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are three Wright specimens of this: Western Cuba,
1863, no. ‘‘926=3431;” eastern Cuba, 1860, no. ‘‘122=3430;”’ western Cuba, 1863, no.
‘*908 =3430.”’
5. Aristida scabra (H. B. K.) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 62. 1829.
Streptachne scabra H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 124. 1816.
Streptachne cubensis Rich.; Sagra, Hist. Cub. 11: 311) 1850.
Pebbly pinales in small bunches, Pinar del Rio, October, Wright 3835; Puentes
Grandes, Leon 280; Triscornia, [Jitchcock in 1906; Cojimar, /fitchcock in 1906.
The type of Streptachne cubensis is at Paris.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 237
52. MUHLENBERGIA Schreb. Syst. Nat. ed. 13. 2: 87. 171. 1791
1. Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. Gram. Unifl. 191. 1824.
Stipa capillaris Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 158. 1791.
In dense tufts, Guinamar, October, Wright 3836.
53. SPOROBOLUS R. Br. Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. 169. 1810.
Plants producing long rhizomes; blades conspicuously distichous .5. S. virginicus.
Plants cespitose not producing rhizomes; blades not distichous.
Panicle dense and spike-like...............----------------- 3. 8S. indicus.
Panicle open.
Spikelets about 1.5 mm. long; panicle pyramidal. ....-... L. S. argutus.
Spikelets 2.5 to 4 mm. long; panicle elongated-oblong.
Spikelets 2.5 mm. long; basal sheaths not felty........4. S. purpurascens.
Spikelets 3.5 to 4 mm. long; basal sheaths copiously
felty-ciliate. .............--------- eee eee ee ee eee 2. S. cubensis.
1. Sporobolus argutus (Nees) Kunth, Enum. 1: 215. 1833.
Vilfa arguta Nees, Agrost. Bras. 295. 1829.
Wright 3828; Habana, Baker HC 1799, Leon 285; Batabano, Shafer 484, Hitchcock in
1906; Triscornia, Hitchcock in 1906. The following are in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden: Habana, Baker 1818; Guantanamo, Earle 86.
The type of Nees’s species is at Munich. It is not the same as Vilfa domingensis
Trin., to which it has sometimes been referred. The Grisebach specimen of this, no.
300 of 1865, consists of two plants with two labels, ‘‘Saline grounds, in tufts, Matanzas,
July 17,” and, ‘‘Sand banks by the seashore, Palma Sola, Aug. 8.”’
2. Sporobolus cubensis sp. nov.
Culms cespitose, glabrous, slender, erect, 40 to 60 cm. high; leaves of innovations
numerous, the sheaths copiously felty-ciliate on the margins, with white, yellow, or
brown hairs, which extend upward along the margins of the blade for a short distance
basal blades very long and narrow, flat, or involute, nearly as long as the culms, 1 to 2
mm. wide, smooth except for the basal hairs, strongly striate-nerved, the two or three
upper blades short, 2 or 3 cm. long; panicle slender-pyramidal, glabrous throughout,
8 to 10 em. long, branches verticillate, lowermost 5 to 8 in a whorl, slender and stiffly
spreading, 1.5 to 3 cm. long; spikelets glabrous, tawny, 3.5 to 4 mm. long, appressed,
on pedicels 0.5 to 1 mm. long; lower glumes rather broad, one-third to one-half the
length of the spikelet, l-nerved, the upper glume and lemma about equal, weakly
l-nerved; palea as long as or longer than the lemma; grain oval, flat, 2mm. long.
Type specimen, Isle of Pines, Curtiss 392, U.S. National Herbarium no. 522010.
Other specimens are: Herradura, //ifchcock in 1906; Wright 3427 in Sauvalle
Herbarium.
Wright’s 3427 in the National Herbarium consists of this species, together with S.
purpurascens. S. cubensis is distinguished from 8. purpurascens by its larger spikelets,
3.5 mm. long, the elongated blades, and the ferruginous-silky basal sheaths. Heller’s
4590 from Porto Rico is 8. cubensis. In the Grisebach Herbarium are three specimens
of this from Wright: No. 3427a of 1860-64; no. ‘'922=3422” from western Cuba, 1863,
and no. ‘'945=3422”’ from western Cuba, 1863. (No. 3422 as published in Grisebach’s
Catalogue, is Eragrostis sudans). It will be noted that nos. 3427 and 3427a are the
reverse of what they are in the Sauvalle Herbarium. Wright’s 3427 in the Gray Her-
barium is from ‘‘ High pine woods, pinales, Mar. 1;”’ another sheet of this number is
part S. cubensis and part S. purpurascens.
3. Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. 170. 1810.
Agrostis indica L. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753.
Sporobolus jacquemontii Kunth, Rev. Gram. 2: 427. 1831.
« Gen. Pl. 44. 1789, without citation of species.
238 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Savannas, San Cristobal, August, Wright 2829; Wright 3426; Cojimar, Baker HC
5197, 5334; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 537,5111, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia,
Tracy 9081; Guanabacoa, Leon 186; Puentes Grandes, Leon 275, 282: Habana, Baker
HC 1279; Madruga, Shafer 67; Matanzas, Britton d: Wilson 473; Batabano, Shafer
486; Herradura, Tracy 9064, 9066, Hitchcock in 1906; Consolacion del Sur, Palmer &
Riley 473; San Diego de los Bafios, Palmer & Riley 627; Coloma, Palmer & Riley 349;
El Guama, Palmer & Riley 404; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 1121, Taylor 48, Curtiss
323; Arroyo Apolo, Leon 586; Cienfuegos, Combs 261 and 263 in Gray Herbarium.
The following are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Santiago de
Cuba, Taylor 91; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 721;
Leggers 5361.
The three Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium are: Eastern Cuba, 1860,
no. ‘119=3426;” no. 299 of 1865; and eastern Cuba, 1859, no. 1537. In Sauvalle’ 8
Flora Cubana the number appears as 3829 instead of 2829. The specimen in the Gray
Herbarium is numbered 3829.
4. Sporobolus purpurascens (Sw.) Hamilt. Prod. Fl. Ind. Occ. 5. 1825.
Agrostis purpurascens Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
Vilfa grisebachiana Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 98. 1886.
Sandy pine woods in large tufts, Pinar del Rio, October, Wright 3427a.
The two Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium are: no. ‘907=3427 from
western Cuba, 1863, and no. *'885=3427"’, 1863. The type of Swartz’s species is
at Stockholm; the spikelets are2.5mm.long. Fournier noticed thedifference between
the two species (S. cubensis and 8. purpurascens) distributed by Wright under 3427,
but described as new the one already named. Wright 3427a in the Gray Herbarium
is from ‘‘savannas, Chirigote, July 11.”
5. Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 67. 1829.
Agrostis virginica L. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753.
Wright 291; Wright 2830 in National Herbarium; Habana, Baker HC 1810, Leon
284; Mariel, Palmer d&: Riley 736; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 955, 1122; Matanzas,
Britton & Wilson 151 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Grisebach specimen is no. 291 in 1865, ‘‘Seashore, Matanzas, July 8.’’ In
Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana this ‘is numbered 3830, which is probably correct, as the
specimen in the Gray Herbarium is also numbered 3830.
54. CAPRIOLA Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 31, 532. 1763.a
1. Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 764. 1871.
Panicum dactylon L. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753.
Cynodon dactylon Pers, Syn. 1: 85. 1805.
Wright 3814; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 386, Hitchcock in 1906; Habana,
Leon 290; Cienfuegos, Combs 540 in Gray Herbarium.
55. CHLORIS &w. Prod. 25. 1788.
Spikelets awnless; spikes dark brown..............-...........- 6. C. petraea.
Spikelets awned; spikes green or yellow.
Spikelets distant, diverging; spikes delicate, scarcely I-sided.2. (. cruciata.
Spikelets contiguous; spikes not delicate, conspicuously
l-sided.
«There is some question as to the standing of Capriola as a genus, since it is based
upon “‘Gramen dactylon offic.”’ (Adans. Fam. 2:31 and 532. 1763.) But since
Linneus cites under Panicum dactylon ‘‘Gramen dactylon, radice repente, S. offi-
cinarum Scheuch. Gram. 104’? we may assume that Adanson wished to base his
genus on this species, though he does not quote a definite author.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 239
Upper floret truncate-dilated.
Awns | to 2 mm. long; lower lemma long-ciliate on
the keel and lateral veins, but not at apex........ 1. C. etliata.
Awns, or some of them, 5 mm. long or more; lower
lemma ciliate onthe upper part of marginal nerves,
not on keel.........2.----- 22020 eee ee eee eee eee! ). (. paraguaiensis.
Upper floret narrowed toward apex.
Lower lemma strongly ciliate at apex with tuft of
hairs 2 mm. long.......-...------+-+-++-++++-++-------3. ©. elegans.
Lower lemma only pubescent at apex.
Lower lemma 3 mm. long; blades short and flat,
abruptly rounded at apex. ..........2..------- 7. C. radiata,
Lower lemma 2 mm. long; blades mostly invo-
lute-pointed ...............--...------------ 4. C. eleusinoides.
1. Chloris ciliata Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
Trinidad, May 17, Wright 743; Vento, Baker HC 1184, Curtiss 600; Guanabacoa,
Leon 185 in part; Santiago de las Vegas, Tracy 9115, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia
9085; Habana, Tracy 9106; Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906; Arroyo Apolo, Leon 574.
2. Chloris cruciata (L.) Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
Agrostis cruciata L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 873. 1759.
Chigris brevigluma Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 200. 1871; Sauv. FI.
Cub. 191.
Bushy savannas, Hanabana, May 16, Wright 1549; Punta Brava, Baker HC 4067;
Guanabacoa, Baker HC 2927, Curtiss 584, Hitchcock in 1906; Madruga, Britton &
Shafer 604 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
There are three Wright specimens of this species in the Grisebach Herbarium:
Nos. ‘‘917=1548” and ‘'932=1548” from western Cuba, 1863, and no. 1549 from
eastern Cuba, 1859. The type of C. brevigluma is in the Gray Herbarium with
printed label for 1860-64, no. 1548. In Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana the type is mis-
printed ‘‘1848 p. p.’’ Wright seems to have distinguished his species from C. eleu-
sinoides mounted on the same sheet (Wright 1549), which he regarded as the true
C. cruciata. Wright’s type matches his no. 1549 in the National Herbarium.
3. Chloris elegans H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 166. 1816.
Vento, Shafer 483, Baker HC 1183; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 725; Mazarra, Baker
HC 4023.
The type of this has not been examined, but the specimens cited above agree
well with the plate accompanying the original description.@
4, Chloris eleusinoides Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 539. 1864.
Chloris eleusinoides vestita Greenman in Combs, Trans. Acad. St. Louis 7: 477. 1897.
Sandy pine woods, La Griza, January, Wright 3819; Wright 3818; Wright 1548;
Baker HC 4067; La Magdalena, Baker P|. Trop. Am. 4; Havana, Leon 287: Herradura,
Hitchcock in 1906; Cienfuegos, Combs 631 in Gray Herbarium.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1859, no. 1548. Nos. 1548 and .
1549, in the Engelmann Herbarium, both from eastern Cuba, 1860, are Chloris
cleusinoides. No. 1549 in the Gray Herbarium is also this species (Monte Verde,
eastern Cuba in 1859).
Combs’s 631, from Cienfuegos, in the Gray Herbarium is the type of C. eleusinoides
variety vestita. It differs from Grisebach’s type in being somewhat more pubescent.
«Op. cit. pl. 49.
240 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
5. Chloris paraguaiensis Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 204. 1854.
Andropogon barbatum L. Mant. 2: 302. 1771, not L. 1759.
Chloris barbata Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 200. 1797 (based on Andropogon barbatum
L. Mant.), not C. barbata Nash, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 443. 1898 (based on Andropogon
barbatum L. Syst.).
Habana, Baker HC 3388, Tracy 9113, Palmer & Riley 1150; Triscornia, Tracy 9084,
Hitchcock in 1906, Baker TIC 1864; Matanzas, Britton 491; Regla, Shafer: Vedado,
Baker HC 1441;. Playa de Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906; Santiago de Cuba, Millspaugh
1064; Mariel, Palmer & Riley 725; Herradura, Hitchcock in 1906. In the herbarium
of the New York Botanical Garden: Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904; Santiago de Cuba,
Underwood & Earle 101. '
6. Chloris petraea Sw. Prod. 25. 1788.
Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desy. Nuoy, Bull. Soc. Philom. 2: 189, 1810.
Wright 293, Wright 3817 in National Herbarium; Cojimar, Baker HC 2867, Hitchcock
in 1906; Habana, Liebmann 235; Isle of Pines, Palmer & Riley 969. In the herbarium
of the New York Botanical Garden: Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 16; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss in 1904.
The specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is numbered 293, 1865. The number
3719, listed in Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana under this species, is probably an error. Doell
changes the name of C. petraea Sw. to C. swartziana® because of the different C,
petraea Thunb. .
7. Chloris radiata (L.) Sw. Prod. 26. 1788. °
Agrostis radiata L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 873. 1759.
Eastern Cuba, 1856-57, Wright 742; Santiago de las Vegas, Tracy 9110, Hitchcock in
1906; Playa de Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906; Triscornia, /itchcock in 1906; Habana,
Leon 558.
56. BOUTELOUA Lag. Var. Cienc. 24: 134. 1805.¢
Primary racemes few, distant on the main axis (5 to 15 mm. Apart)
blades 1 to 2mm. wide.........2.....-0..0..00-0200 00222 e eee eee eee . B. americana.
Primary racemes numerous, secund, approximate (1 to 5mm, apart);
blades 3 to 5mm. wide....-......-.2...0.-.020-02000000 02020 ee eee 2. B. disticha.
1. Bouteloua americana (L.) Scribn. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1891: 306. 1891.
Aristida americana 1. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 879. 1759.
Bouteloua litigiosa Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 5. 1816.
Bouteloua humboldtiana Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 532. 1862.
Bouteloua porphyrantha Wright, Anal. Acad. Cienc. Habana 8: 201. 1871; Sauv.
Fl. Cub. 192.
Wright 165, 166, 3816; Wright 3815 and 734 in Gray Herbarium; Triscornia, Baker
HC 1873, Tracy 9088, [Hitchcock in 1906; Habana, Curtiss 546, Leon 293; Colima, Baker
HC 1978; La Magdalena, Baker HC 3621, Regla, Shafer 489; Guanabacoa, Leon 38;
Marianao, Leon 231; Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906.
The Grisebach specimens are Wright 161 of 1865, ‘‘ Bushy savannas, Hanabana, June
1,” and 739, from eastern Cuba, 1859. The specimens cited above agree with the
Linnean type, which is not Aristida dispera Trin. as stated by Munro.4
2. Bouteloua disticha (H. B. K.) Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. 19: 105. 1882.
Polydon distichus H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 175. 1816.
Madruga, Curtiss 537; Habana, Leon 299.
“In “ Fl. Bras. 2%: 68. 1878. © Botelua in the original.
6 Prod. 20. 1794. @ Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 49. 1862.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 941
57. ELEUSINE Gaertn. Fruct. & Sem. 1: 7. pl. 1. 1788.
1. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Fruct. & Sem. 1: 8. 1788.
Cynosurus indicus L. Sp. Pl. 72. 1753.
Saline flats, Matanzas, July 4, Wright 744; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 513,
1139, Hitchcock in 1906; Puentes Grandes, Leon 278; Habana, Leon 294; Guanajay,
Palmer & Riley 817; Santiago de Cuba, Millspaugh 1111; Cienfuegos, Combs 260 in
Gray Herbarium; Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Grisebach specimen is no, 277 of 1865. The Sauvalle specimen also bears the
secondary number 277.
58. DACTYLOCTENIUM Willd. Enum. 1029. 1809.
1. Dactyloctenium aegyptium (LL.) Richt. Pl. Eur. 1: 68. 1870.
Cynosurus aegyptius L. Sp. Pl. 72. 1753.
Pine woods, Nueva Filipina, Wright 3821 (misprinted 3831 in Sauvalle’s Flora
Cubana); Habana, Leon 289, 554, Baker, HC 1795, Curtiss 636; Puentes Grandes, Leon
273; Triscornia, Hitchcock in 1906; Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906; Batabano, Baker HC
3919; Cienfuegos, Combs 513 in Gray Herbarium,
59. LEPTOCHLOA Beauv. Agrost. 71. pl. 15. f. 1. 1812.
Spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, imbricated, on one side of the panicle branches.
Upper glume as long as lower lemma; sheaths papillose-hispid...2. L. mucronata.
Upper glume shorter than lower lemma; sheaths smooth........ 4. L. virgata.
Spikelets several-flowered; inflorescence not conspicuously I-sided.
Inflorescence a single spike............2.2...2..2.22-2-2.2.... 3. L. spicata.
Inflorescence of several spike-like racemes..................... 1. L. fascicularis.
1, Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray, Man. 588. 1848.
Festuca fascicularis Lam. Tabl. Encyecl. 1: 189. 1791.
In tufts, ditches, Matanzas, July 6, Wright 303; Wright 3822; Wright 3812 in National
Herbarium; Batabano, Baker HC 2762, Hitchcock in 1906. Inthe herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden: Matanzas, Britton & Wilson 176; Batabano, Shafer 488.
The Grisebach specimen collected in 1865 is numbered 303.
2. Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 91. 1829.
Eleusine mucronata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 65. 1803.
In fields, Punta de Palma, September, Wright 740; Habana, Britton & Wilson 509,
Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 508; Guanabacoa, Leon 580.
In the National Herbarium are two Wright specimens of this, numbered 740 and
741. The latter number is probably an error, the label having been interchanged
with that of a specimen of L. fascicularis. In the Gray Herbarium there are two sheets
numbered 741, of which one is L. filiformis from ‘Cultivated ground, Valestina, Nov.
12,’’ 1865, the other 1. virgata.
The type of Festuca filiformis Lam. ‘‘ex Amer. merid. Comm. D. Richard” upon
which Leptochloa filiformis Beauv. is presumably based, has not been examined, and
the description is insufficient for identification. This name may be found to apply to
this species.
3. Leptochloa spicata (Nees) Scribn. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1891: 304. 1891.
Bromus spicatus Nees, Agrost. Bras. 471. 1829.
Triscuspis simplex Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 532. 1862.
Wright 1551.
There are two Wright specimens in the Grisebach Herbarium, both from eastern
61170—vo.L 12, pr G—O09 o
242 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Herbarium by two specimens, one of 1860-64, labeled ‘‘Savannas, Hoto del Medio,
Aug. 25,’’ the other, Monte Verde, 1859, labeled ‘‘On rocks exposed to the sun,
covered with a thin stratum of earth, on the brink of the Farallones, Oct. 11.”
4. Leptochloa virgata (L.) Beauv. Agrost. 166. 1812.
Cynosurus virgatus L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 876. 1759.
Leptochloa perennis Hack. Inf. Anal. Est. Agr. Cuba 1: 411. 1906.
Wright 283, 741, 3436; Habana, Tracy 9108, Curtiss 607; La Magdalena, Baker HC
3635; Matanzas, Briton 543; Santiago de las Vegas, Hitchcock in 1906; Herradura,
Baker HG 765, 2786, Tracy 9061, Hitchcock in 1906; Cayamas, Baker HC 4617; Cien-
fuegos, Pringle 62, Combs 256 in Gtay Herbarium; San Diego de los Batios, Palmer
& Riley 543; Santiago de Cuba, Pollard, Palmer & Palmer 273; Marianao, Leon 560;
Yumury Mountains, Rugel 193 in Gray Herbarium. In the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden are: Santiago de Cuba, Palmer 273; Baracoa, Underwood &
Earle 1397; Madruga, Britton & Shafer 746.
Wright’s 741 in the Sauvalle Herbarium has also the secondary number 278. In
the Grisebach Herbarium are three specimens of this: ‘‘In roads, probably intro-
duced, La Ferruina, June 24,’’ no. 278 of 1865; no. 3436 of 1860-64; no. ‘ 117=740”
from eastern Cuba, 1860. One of the Wright specimens bearing the number 741
in the Gray Herbarium (eastern Cuba, 1856-57) is L. virgatag the other is L. mucro-
nata. Wright’s 3436 in the Gray Herbarium is from Mayari Abajo, Aug. 2. Another
specimen in the Gray Herbarium without number is from ‘‘Savannas, Retiro,
Oct. 11.”
60. OPIZIA Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 298. t. 41. f. 1. 1830.
1. Opizia stolonifera Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 293. 1830.
Cojimar, Baker HC 2898, 5076, Hitchcock in 1906; Pinar del Rio, Shafer 482; Ha-
bana, Curtiss 571, Leon 274, 288.
61. PAPPOPHORUM Schreb.; Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 10. 1794.4
1. Pappophorum laguroides Schrad. in Schult. Mant. 2: 342. 1824.
Triscornia, Hitchcock in 1906.
62. GYNERIUM H. B. K. Pl. Aequin. 2: 112. ¢. 115. 1809.
1. Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) Beauv. Agrost. 138. 1812.
Saccharum sagittatum Aubl. Pl. Guian. 1: 50. 1775.
Gynerium saccharoides H. B. K. Pl. Aequin. 2: 112. 1809.
Retiro, Wright 224; Wright 3477; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 1297, 5017,
Wilson 237; San Diego de los Bafios, Palmer & Riley 616. In the herbarium of
the New York Botanical Garden are the following: Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 265,
Britton & Wilson 205; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 145; Calvario, Leon 569.
In the Grisebach Herbarium are Wright 3477, 1860-64, and 1560 of 1859. Wright’s
1560 in the Gray Herbarium is from Monte Verde; no. 3477 is labeled ‘‘10-15 ft.
panicle 4-6 ft. On stony ledges in the river Tacotaco, Sept. 13.”
63. ERAGROSTIS Host, Icon. Gram. Austr. 4: 14. pl. 14. f. 11. 1809.0
Flowers dioecious; creeping annuals ..................--------- 7. EB. hypnoides.
Flowers perfect, stems not creeping.
Palea prominently ciliate; annuals.
Panicle contracted, spike-like..............-...-.--.-2. HE. ciliaris.
Panicle open..........-----2-.------0-200 eee eee eee eee 8. E£. plumosa.
«Schreb. Gen. 2: 787. 1791, without citation of species.
6 Until the genus Eragrostis is monographed the Cuban species must remain sume-
what uncertain.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 243
Palea not prominently ciliate.
Annual; blades flat; panicle open but not very diffuse ..9.
Perennial.
Plants low, 10 to 20 em. high; blades involute, pan-
icle not diffuse.
Spikelets 3 to 5-flowered; pedicels glutinous;
palea somewhat ciliate ......2.....2....-22.. 6. E. glutinosa.
Spikelets many-flowered; pec dicels not glutinous:
palea only minutely ciliate..... weeeee eee eed. EL cubensis.
Plants tall; blades flat; panicles very diffuse.
Spikelets less than 2 mm. long, | or 2-flowered..1. FE. airoides.
Spikelets 5 to 10 mm. long, several-flowered.
Spikelets lanceolate; pedicels shorter than
spikelets; panicle branches lax; culms 1
meter or more tall. 2.22... ..0.20-..02000. 5. E. excelsa.
Spikelets linear; pedicels mostly longer than
spikelets; panicle branches stiffly spread-
ing; culms rarely over 60 cm. tall......-- 4. E.
by
. tephrosanthes.
PI
elliotti.
1. Eragrostis airoides Nees, Agrost. Bras. 509. 1829.
In savannas, Chirigote, November 2, Wright 3827.
2. Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 192. 1827.
Poa ciliaris L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 875. 1759.
Wright 155; Wright 1550; Cojimar, //fitchcock in 1906; Batabano, Baker HC 3912;
Guines, Baker HC 3561; Robles, Shafer 40; Guanabacoa, Leon 196; Puentes Grandes,
Leon 281; Herradura, Baker HC 2778; Matanzas, Palmer & Riley 13; El Guama,
Palmer & Riley 185; Santiago de Cuba, Millspaugh 1062; Cienfuegos, Combs 480 in
Gray Herbarium. In the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden are the
following: Isle of Pines, Curtiss in 1904; Matanzas, Britton & Shafer 555; Santiago
de Cuba, Underwood & Earle 172.
The Wright specimen in the National Herbarium bears the secondary number
305. In the Grisebach Herbarium are two Wright specimens of this, no. 305 of
1865 and no. 1550 from eastern Cuba, 1859. In the Gray Herbarium are two speci-
mens of Wright 1550, one of 1860-64, the other from Josephina, near Monte Verde,
1859.
3. Eragrostis cubensis sp. nov.
Culms cespitose from a perennial base, numerous, slender and wiry, smooth, erect or
spreading, 10 to 20 cm. long, or occasionally decumbent and as much as 30 cm. long;
sheaths smooth, striate; blades filiform-convolute, glabrous, or very sparsely pilose,
the base and mouth of sheath pilose, 2 to 3 cm. long, or those on the innovations
as much as 10 em. long; panicles nearly simple, 2 to 4 cm. long, the branches 1 to
2mm. long, bearing a single spikelet, or the lowermost as much as | cm. long, bear-
ing 2 to 4 spikelets; spikelets linear, 5 to 15 mm. long, | mm. wide, as much as 40-
flowered; glumes smooth, nearly equal, about | mm. long; lemma acute, 3-nerved,
glabrous, keel smooth; palea minutely ciliate.
Isle of Pines, Curtiss 420 (type U. S. National Herbarium no. 522037); Wright
3424, 3825; Vedado, Baker HC 3456; Madruga, Shafer 68; La Magdalena, Baker Pl.
Trop. Amer. 3; Herradura, Tracy 9097, Baker HC 2938, 4876, 4877, Hitchcock in 1906;
Sagua, Britton & Wilson 382 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
This has been confused with EF. bahiensis Steud., which is a larger plant, 60 cm.
or more tall. H. berteroiana (Schult.) Kunth, of Santo Domingo, has smaller spikelets
with lemmas scabrous on the keel, as shown by a specimen from Kunth in Trin-
ius’s herbarium. The Grisebach specimen from Wright is numbered ‘‘938=3424,”
and is from western Cuba, 1863, ‘‘bushy swamps, Hanabana, May 16.’’ Another
244 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
is from western Cuba, 1863, and is numbered 903. Wright’s 3424 in the Gray Her-
barium is from ‘‘savannas, Chirigote, July 13.”
This is described and figured by Sloane,¢ and is cited as a synonym by Swartz
under Poa glutinosa ® and by Grisebach;¢ but Poa glutinosa Sw. is Eragrostis sudans
Griseb., while Wullschlaegel’s specimen from Jamaica, cited by Grisebach under
Eragrostis glutinosa, is E. elliott S. Wats.
4, Eragrostis elliottii 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 140. 1890.
Poa nitida Ell. Bot. 8. C. & Ga. 1: 162. 1816, not Poa nitida Lam. 1791, nor
Eragrostis nitida Link, 1827.
Eragrostis macropoda Pilger in Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 106. 1903.
Savannas, Retiro, June, Wright 3423; without data, Wright; Cojimar, Baker HC
5332; Pinar del Rio, Baker & <Abarca HC 3735, Palmer & Riley 441; Herradura,
Tracy 9096, Hitchcock in 1906; Isle of Pines, Taylor 25. In the herbarium of
the New York Botanical Garden are: Sagua, Britton & Wilson 320; Isle of Pines,
Curtiss in 1904.
The Grisebach specimens are nos. 155, 155a, 155b, all of 1865. Wright’s 3423 in
the Gray Herbarium is from ‘‘lagunas, Vueltabajo, July 24.”
Pilger@ states that /. macropoda differs from £. nitida (Ell.) Chapm. in having
long-peduncled spikelets. However, the type of Poa nitida Ell. has long-peduncled
spikelets and is well matched by Wright 3423.
5. Eragrostis excelsa Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 227. 1866.
Wright 3425.
The Grisebach specimen is no. 3425, 1860-64. Wright’s 3425 in the Gray
Herbarium is from ‘‘sand beaches by the seaside, Toscano, Oct. 30.’’
6. Eragrostis glutinosa (Sw.) Trin. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 1: 397. 1831.
Poa glutinosa Sw. Prod. 26. 1788.
Eragrostis sudans Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 227. 1866.
Wright 3422.
The Grisebach specimen is from eastern Cuba, 1860, numbered ‘112=3422.”’
The Sloane é figure cited by Swartz is Hragrostis cubensis Hitche.
The type of Swartz’s species in the Stockholm Herbarium is from Jamaica. In
the Trinius Herbarium is a duplicate from Swartz, which is the basis of Eragrostis
glutinosa Trin.
7. Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 69. 1888.
Poa hypnoides Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 185. 1791.
Poa reptans Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 69, 1803.
Eragrostis reptans Nees, Agrost. Bras. 514, 1829.
Around lagunas, Hanabana, May 20, Wright 156; Wright 3826; Laguna de
Castellano, Baker HC 1356; Isle of Pines, Curtiss 391. The following are in the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden: Habana, Baker 4328; Santiago
de Cuba, Hamilton 214; Baracoa, Underwood & Farle 1387.
The Grisebach specimen from Wright is no. 156 of 1865.
a Hist. Jam. 1: pl. 71. f. 2. 1707. @ Loc. cit.
6b Sw. Prod. 26. 1788. € Hist. Jam. 1: pl. 71. /f. 2. 1707.
c Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 532. 1864.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES -OF CUBA. 245
8. Eragrostis plumosa (Retz.) Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 192. 1827.4
Poa plumosa Retz. Obs. 4: 20. 1786.
Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 1030; Habana, Hitchcock in 1906; Puentes Grandes,
Leon 277; Santiago de Cuba, Palmer 374, Underwood & Earle 173 in Herb. N.Y.
Bot. Gard.
9. Eragrostis tephrosanthes Schult. Mant. 2: 316. 1824.
Wright 745; Santiago de las Vegas, Baker HC 3666; Vento, Wilson 1182; Carduas,
Britton & Wilson 156a; Guanabacoa, Leon 205; Puentes Grandes, Leon 276; Habana,
Leon 295, Hitcheock in 1906; Cojimar, Hitchcock in 1906; Herradura; Tracy 9057,
Hitchcock in 1906; Cienfuegos, Combs 266 in Gray Herbarium; Matanzas, Britton &
Shafer 557 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Grisebach specimen is from Wright, 1860-64, without number. In the Gray
Herbarium is a Wright specimen without number, with an 1860-64 label, and two
specimens numbered 745 from eastern Cuba, one collected in 1856-57, the other
in 1859.
This species is similar to FE. pilosa (L.) Beauv., but the spikelets are larger and
broader.
64. UNIOLA L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753.
Spikelets 15 mm. or more long, 7 to 10 mm. wide ..........------- 1. U. paniculata,
Spikelets 2 to 3 mm. long, 1 to 2mm. wide ........-..----+--++-+-- 2. U. virgata.
1. Uniola paniculata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753.
Wright 2823 [error for 3823].
The Grisebach specimen is labeled ‘Sandy sea-beach, Cananova, July 15,”’ no.
280, 1865. In Sauvalle’s Flora Cubana this is numbered 3823, which is apparently
correct. The specimen in the Gray Herbarium is numbered 3823.
2. Uniola virgata (Poir.) Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 531. 1864.
Poa virgata Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 5: 78. 1804.
Punta Brava, Rugel 870 in Grisebach Herbarium; also in the Gray Herbarium and
that of the New York Botanical Garden.
’
65. DISTICHLIS Raf. Journ. Phys. 89: 104. 1819.
1. Distichlis spicata (LL.) Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 415. 1887.
Uniola spicata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753.
Vedado, Baker HC 3455; Batabano, Shafer 117, Hitchcock in 1906.
66. ARTHROSTYLIDIUM Rupr. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 5: 117. 1839.
Blades capillary..............222-- 222002222 e eee eee ee eee eee ee 2. A. capillifolium.
Blades flat.
Blades less than 5 cm. long.
Sheaths puberulent, bristles at summit inconspicuous. ..6. A. sarmentosum.
Sheaths glabrous, bristles at summit elongated.
Blades about 5 mm. wide; spikelets reflexed.......4. A. distichum.
Blades about 2 mm. wide; spikelets appressed... - - - 5. A. fimbriatum.
Blades 10 cm. or more long.
Blades puberulent beneath, often reflexed......-...---- 7. A. urbanii.
Blades glabrous beneath, erect.
Blades 5 to 10 mm. wide.........-.-.----- eee ee eee 3. A. cubense.
Blades about 2 mm. wide, elongated........------- L. A. angustifolium.
@Trimen (Fl. Ceylon 5: 291. 1900) considers this different from E. tenella (L.) Roem.
& Schult. (Poa tenella 1.., Poa amabilis L.) and includes it as E. tenella plumosa (Retz. )
Stapf; Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 315. 1896.
246 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
1. Arthrostylidium angustifolium Nash, Torreya 3: 172. 1903.
Baracoa, Underwood & Earle 941 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
2. Arthrostylidium capillifolium Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser, 8: 531. 1862.
Without data, Wrights Madruga, Shafer 11; Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 218, Hamilton
212, both in Herb N. Y. Bot. Gard.
The Wright specimen in the Grisebach Herbarium is no. 738 from eastern Cuba
in 1856-57. Since the above specimen is the only Arthrostylidium in the Sauvalle
Herbarium without number, it is probably the one listed under no. 2744 in Sauvalle’s |
Flora Cubana, ‘‘Arthrostylidium sp.? (sine numero).’’
In the Gray Herbarium are two specimens of Wright 738, both from eastern Cuba, one
with flowers, collected in 1856-57, the other sterile, ‘‘In dense woods, ascending on
trees and bushes, 10-20 ft., Monte Verde, Aug. 22, 1859.”’
3. Arthrostylidium cubense Rupr. Mem. Acad. Petersb. VI. 5: 118. 1839.
‘Pendant on cliffs, pinales, Nov.,’’ ‘‘ Banks of river San Sebastian, Pinar del Rio,
Dec.,’’ Wright 3811; without locality, Wright 3809.
The two Grisebach specimens are labeled ‘‘Subscandent, 10 ft., savannas of Guana-
caro, near rivulets, Aug. 3,”’ no. 307, 1865, and ‘‘Savannas of Guanacaro, July 31,”
no. 288. The Wright specimens agree with the type in the Trinius Herbarium.
4. Arthrostylidium distichum Pilger in Urban, Symb. Antill. 2: 342. 1901.
‘In dense woods, Oct. 19,’’ ‘‘ Damp woods, Rangel, Nov. 14,’? Wright 3808.
5. Arthrostylidium fimbriatum Griseb. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 8: 531. 1862.
Eastern Cuba in 1859, Wright 1554 in Grisebach Herbarium. This number in the
Gray Herbarium is labeled, ‘‘In dense woods, 1-3 ft. high, Dec. 23,”’ from Monte
Verde, 1859. A sterile specimen in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Gar-
den from Santiago de Cuba, Taylor 415, appears to be this species.
6. Arthrostylidium sarmentosum Pilger in Urban, Symb. Antill. 4: 108. 1903.
Santiago de Cuba, Hamilton 213 in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
7. Arthrostylidium urbanii Pilger in Urban, Symb. Antill. 2: 339. 1901.
Wright 3810,
In the Gray Herbarium there are two sterile specimens of what appear to be this
species, numbered 41 and 288.
Gramen sp., Wright 3894. This number is represented by an unidentifiable frag-
mentary specimen from which the spikelets have fallen. It is listed in Sauvalle’s
Flora Cubana as ‘‘ Muhlenbergia spicata Munn.”
GRASSES OF GRISEBACH’S CATALOGUE.“
. Arthrostylidium fimbriatum Gr. Wr. 1554. See p. 246.
. Arthrostylidium cubense Rupr. Wr. a. 1865 (307).6 See p. 246.
. Arthrostylidium capillifolium Gr. Wr. 738. See p. 246.
. Arundo saccharoides Gr. Wr. 1560, 3477. See Gynerium sagittatum, p. 242.
. Uniola virgata Gr. Rug. 870. See p. 245.
. Uniola paniculata L. Wr. a. 1865 (280). See p. 245.
. Eragrostis excelsa Gr. Wr. 3425. See p. 244.
. Eragrostis prolifera Steud. Wr. a. 1865 (155a). See E. elliottii, p. 244.
. Eragrostis pilifera Benth. Wr. a. 1865 (156b). See E. elliottii, p. 244.
SID oe Whe
cw
@Catalogus Plantarum Cubensium, 1866.
6 The numbers in parentheses refer to the secondary numbers on the labels in
Grisebach’s herbarium. The other numbers and the names are as given by Grise-
bach, The ‘‘a” stands for anno.
bo
So
bo bk
Noe
HITCHCOCK—-GRASSES OF CUBA. 247
. Eragrostis glutinosa Tr. Wr. 3423. See E. elliottii, p. 244.
. Eragrostis pilosa P. B. Wr. 745. See E. tephrosanthes, p. 245.
2. Eragrostis bahiensis Schrad. Wr. 3424. See E. cubensis, p. 243.
3. Eragrostis reptans Ns. Wr. a. 1865 (156). See E. hypnoides, p. 244.
. Eragrostis sudans Gr. Wr. 3422. See E. glutinosa, p. 244.
. Eragrostis ciliaris Lk. Wr. 1550. See p. 243.
_ “Festuca laxiflora Rich.’’ (Rich.) E. [No specimen found.]
. Sporobolus virginicus Kth. Wr. a, 1865 (291). See p. 238.
. Sporobolus domingensis Kth. Wr. a. 1865 (300). See Sporobolus argutus, p. 237.
. Sporobolus purpurascens Ham. Wr. 3427. See p. 238, and 8. cubensis, p. 237.
. Sporobolus indicus R. Br. Wr. 1537. See p. 237.
. Sporobolus jacquemontii Kth. Wr. 3426. See Sporobolus indicus, p. 237.
. Reynaudia filiformis Kth. Wr. 3428. See p. 236.
_ Aristida stricta Mich. Wr. 736. See Aristida curtifolia, p. 235. Wr. 737. See
A. mohrii, p. 236. Wr. 3430. See A. refracta, p. 236.
. Aristida refracta Gr. Wr. 3431. See p. 236,
. Aristida purpurascens Poir. Wr. 3432. See Aristida erecta, p. 236.
. Aristida interrupta Cav. Wr. 3433. See Aristida mohril, p. 236.
. “Streptachne cubensis Rich.’’ See Aristida scabra, p. 236.
_ Milium lanatum R. 8. Wr. 3429. See Leptocoryphium lanatum, p. 207.
. Leersia hexandra Sw. Wr. 3434. See Homalocenchrus hexandrus, p. 234.
_ Leersia monandra Sw. Wr. 731. See Homalocenchrus hexandrus, p. 234.
. Achlaena piptostachya Gr. Wr. 3487. See p. 230.
. Olyra latifolia L. Rug. 873; Wr. a. 1865 (162). See p. 233. Variety arundi-
nacea Tr. Wr. 746. See Olyra latifolia, p. 233.
. Olyra pauciflora Sw. Wr. 732. See Lithachne pauciflora, p. 233.
. Olyra pineti Wr. Wr. 1536, See Lithachne pineti, p. 233.
. Olyra strephioides Gr. Wr. 3435. See Mniochloa strephioides, p. 233.
. Pharus latifolius L. Wr. 733. See Pharus glaber, p. 234.
. Pharus glaber Kth. Wr. 733b. See p. 234.
_ Bouteloua humboldtiana Gr. Wr. 734, 739. See Bouteloua americana, p. 240.
. Leptochloa mucronata Kth. Wr. 740. Seep. 241. Wr. 3436. See L. virgata, p.
242.
. Leptochloa virgata P. B. Wr. 741. See p. 242.
. Leptochloa fascicularis As. Gr. Wr. a, 1865 (303). See p. 241.
. Tricuspis simplex Gr. Wr. 1551. See Leptochloa spicata, p. 241.
. Chloris cruciata Sw. Wr. 1548, 1549. See p. 239.
. Chloris eleusinoides Gr. See p. 239.
. Chloris radiata Sw. See p. 240.
. Chloris ciliata Sw. Wr. 743, See p. 239.
. Chloris petraea Thunb. Wr. a. 1865 (293). See p. 240.
. Dactyloctenium ‘‘aegyptiacum W.”’ See D. aegyptium, p. 241.
. Eleusine indica G. Wr. 744. See p. 241.
. Cynodon dactylon Pers. See Capriola dactylon, p. 238.
. Reimaria acuta Fl. Wr. 3437. See Reimarochloa brasiliensis, p. 198.
. Paspalum compressum Ns. Wr.a. 1865 (168). See Axonopus compressus, p. 207.
. Paspalum platyphyllum Gr. Wr. 3441, Wr. a. 1865 (174). See Brachiaria plan-
taginea, p. 212.
. Paspalum conjugatum Berg. Wr. 767. See p. 201.
. Paspalum lindenianum Rich. Wr. 3445. See P. rupestre, p. 206.
. Paspalum nanum Wr. Wr. a. 1865 (176). See p. 204.
. Paspalum distichum L. variety vaginatum Sw. Wr. 1546. See P. distichum, p.
202, and P. vaginatum, p. 206.
. Paspalum notatum Fl. Wr. 3438. See P. minus, p. 203.
. Paspalum filiforme Sw. Wr. 769. See p. 202.
100
101
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
. Paspalum alterniflorum Rich. Rug. 894, Wr. a. 1865 (167). See p. 200.
. Paspalum pulchellum Kth. Wr. 3439. See p. 205. .
. Paspalum dissectum L. Wr. 3440. See p. 202.
. Paspalu:n setaceum Mich. Wr, 3442. See P. rigidifolium, p. 205.
. Paspalum caespitosum Fl. Wr. 3443. See p. 201, and P. arenarium, p. 201.
Wr. 3444. See p. 201, P. clavuliferum, p. 201, and P. rupestre, p. 206.
. Paspalum glabrum Poir. Wr. a. 1865 (298). See p. 202.
. Paspalum plicatulum Mich. Wr. 768. See p. 205.
. Paspalum virgatum L, Wr. 3446. See p. 206.
Variety stramineum Gr. Wr. a. 1865 (302). See P. virgatum, p. 206.
. Paspalum paniculatum L. Wr. 766. See p. 204.
. Paspalum densum Poir. Wr. 3447. See p. 202.
. Digitaria filiformis Muhlenb. Wr. 1544. See Syntherisma filiformis, p. 209,
and §. leucocoma, p. 209.
. Digitaria pulchella Gr. Wr. 3448. See Mniochloa pulchella, p. 233.
. Digitaria marginata Lk. Wr. 765. See Axonopus compressus, p. 207.
Variety eriogona Lk. Wr. a. 1865 (178, 294). See Syntherisma sanguinalis,
p. 209.
. Digitaria setigera Rth. Wr. 764. See Syntherisma digitata, p. 209.
. Eriochloa punctata Ham. Wr. 1542. See p. 208.
. Stenotaphrum americanum Schrk. Wr. 3490. See Stenotaphrum secundum,
p. 282.
. Orthopogon “‘hirtellus R. Br.’’ See Oplismenus hirtellus, p. 229.
. Orthopogon loliaceus Spreng. Wr. 751. See Oplismenus hirtellus, p. 225
. Orthopogon setarius Spreng. Wr. 1543. See Oplismenus hirtellus, p. 229.
. Panicum lolium Ns. Wr. 3449. See Mesosetum rottboellioides, p. 211.
. Panicum paspaloides Pers. Wr. 761. See Panicum geminatum, p. 222.
. Panicum colonum L. Wr. 752. See Echinochloa colona, p. 213.
. Panicum crusgalli L. Rug. 889. See Echinochloa crusgalli, p. 213,
83.
. Panicum grossarium L. Wr. a. 1865 (304). See P. adspersum, p. 217.
. Panicum distantiflorum Rich. Wr. 3452. See p. 220.
86.
. Panicum molle Sw. Wr. 1545. See P. numidianum, p. 224.
. Panicum oryzoides Sw. Wr. 3466. See P. zizanioides, p. 228.
. Panicum stenodes Gr. Wr. a. 1865 (192). See p. 227.
. Panicum neuranthum Gr. Wr. 3453. See p. 224. Wr. a. 1865. See P. chrys-
Panicum prostratum Lam. Rug. 195; Wr. 762. See P. reptans, p. 225.
Panicum fuscum Sw. Wr. 754. See P. fasciculatum, p. 221.
opsidifolium, p. 218, and P. fusiforme, p. 222. 6 ramosum. Wr. 3454.
See P. chrysopsidifolium, p. 218, and P. fusiforme, p. 222.
. Panicum proliferum Lam. variety pilosum. Wr. a. 1865 (186). See P. chloro-
ticum, p. 218. Variety strictum. Wr. 3456. See P. chloroticum, p. 218.
. Panicum diffusum Sw. Wr. 1540. See p. 220.
. Panicum durum Gr. Wr. 1539. See Alloteropsis dura, p. 211.
. Panicum laxum Sw. Wr. 759. See p. 223.
Variety variegatum Gr. Wr. 3450, See P. exiguiflorum, p. 221.
. Panicum distichum Lam. variety pilosum Sw. Wr. 3451. See P. pilosum, p. 225,
. Panicum maximum Jacq. See p. 224.
. Panicum virgatum L. variety cubense. Wr. a. 1865. (183). See p. 227.
. Panicum rudgei R. 8. Wr. a. 1865 (281). See P. hirtivaginum, p. 223.
. Panicum hirsutum Sw. Wr. a. 1865 (297). See p. 222.
Panicum lindenii Gr. See P. glutinosum, p. 222.
Panicum pallens Sw. Wr. 750. See Ichnanthus pallens, p. 228. 3468. See
Ichnanthus mayarensis, p. 228. 750 posterius (887). See Ichnanthus
pallens, p. 228.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133,
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 249
Panicum divaricatum L. Wr. 747. See p. 220.
Variety puberulum Gr. Wr. 748. See P. divaricatum, p. 220.
Panicum rugelii Gr. Rug. 188; Wr. 3465. See p. 226.
Panicum sloanei Gr. Rug. 872; Wr. a. 1865 (269). See p. 226.
Panicum martinicense Gr. Wr. 3457. See P. grisebachii, p. 222.
Panicum glutinosum Sw. Wr. 757. See p. 222.
Panicum rugulosum Trin. variety hirtighume Gr. Wr. 3455. See P. sellovii, p.
226. ;
Panicum cayennense Lam. Wr. (891). See p. 218.
Panicum brevifolium L. Wr. 1538. See P. trichoides, p. 227.
Panicum cyanescens Ns. Wr. 3458. See P. parvifolium, p. 225. Wr. 3459. See
P. nitidum, p. 224. .
Panicum tricanthum Ns. Wr. 753. See p. 227.
Panicum dichotomum L. variety glabrescens Gr. Wr. 3462. See P. erectifolium,
p. 221. Wr. 3463. See P. caerulescens, p. 219; P. leucothrix, p. 224; P.
tenue, p. 227; P. wrightianum, p. 228.
Variety nodiflorum Lam. Wr. 3460. See P. lancearium, p. 223. Wr. 3461. See
P. chrysopsidifolium, p. 218; P. fusiforme, p. 222; P. lancearium, p. 223;
P. pauciciliatum, p. 225.
Panicum viscidum Ell. Wr. 3467. See P. scoparium, p. 226.
Panicum exiguiflorum Gr. Wr. a. 1865. See p. 221.
Isachne leersioides Gr. Wr. 755. See p. 208. Wr. 756. See Panicum exigui-
florum, p. 221.
Hymenachne myurus P. B. Wr. 3469. See I. amplexicaulis, p. 212.
Hymenachne fluviatilis Ns. Wr. 3470. See Sacciolepis vilvoides, p. 213.
Hymenachne striata Gr, Wr. a. 1865 (198). See Sacciolepis striata, p. 213.
Setaria glauca P. B. Wr. 3472. See Chaetochloa imberbis, p. 230.
Variety imberbis R. 8. Wr. a. 1865 (199). See Chaetochloa imberbis, p. 230.
Variety penicillata Gr. Wr. 3473. See Chaetochloa imberbis, p. 2380.
Setaria onurus Gr. Wr. 3474. See Chaetochloa onurus, p. 230.
Setaria setosa P. B. Rug. 880; Wr. a. 1865 (287). See Chaetochloa onurus, p. 230,
Pennisetum setosum Rich. Wr. 3475. See p. 282.
Gymnothrix domingensis Spreng. Wr. 1547. See Pennisetum domingense, p. 232.
Cenchrus ‘‘myosuroides Kth.’’ [No specimen found. |
Cenchrus echinatus L. Wr. 3476. See Cenchrus viridis, p. 231.
Cenchrus distichophyllus Gr. Wr. 3475. See p. 231.
Anthephora elegans Schreb. Wr. a. 1865 (308). See A. hermaphrodita, p. 196.
Echinolaena Sp. Wr. 760. See Ichnanthus wrightii, p. 229.
Arundinella martinicensis Tr. Wr. 3478. See p. 197.
Arundinella phragmitoides Gr. Wr. 3479. See A. deppeana, p. 196.
Arundinella cubensis Gr. Wr. 1552. See A. peruviana, p. 197.
Tricholaena ‘‘insularis Gr.’’ See Valota insularis, p. 210.
Lappago aliena Spreng. Wr. 3489. See Nazia aliena, p. 196.
Manisuris granularis Sw. Wr. 1553. See Hackelochloa granularis, p. 191.
Rottboellia impressa Gr. Wr. a. 1865 (201). See Manisuris impressa, p. 191.
Andropogon secundus W. Wr. 1559. See Heteropogon contortus, p. 196.
Andropogon saccharoides Sw. Wr. 1556. See A. leucopogon, p. 193.
Andropogon ‘‘Ischaemum L. (Rich. Lind. 1818).”’ This specimen has not been
examined.
Andropogon brevifolius Sw. Wr. 1558. See p. 192.
Andropogon tener Kth, Wr. 3482. See p. 194.
Andropogon gracilis Spreng. Wr. 1557, 3484. See p. 193.
Andropogon ‘“‘scoparius Mich.”’ Rich. See A. gracilis, p. 198.
Andropogon fastigiatus Sw. 3483, 3485. See p. 193.
Andropogon ‘“‘nutans L.’’ See Sorghastrum, p. 195. [No specimen found.]
250
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154,
2721.
2722.
2723.
2724.
2725,
2726.
2727.
2728.
2729.
2730.
2731.
2732.
2733.
2734.
2735.
2736.
2737.
2738.
2739.
2740.
2741.
2742.
2743.
2744.
2745.
2746.
2747.
2748.
2749.
2750.
2751,
2752.
2753.
2754.
2750.
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Andropogon setosus Gr. Wr. a. 1865 (208). See Sorghastrum setosum, p. 195.
Anatherum domingense R. 8. Wr. a. 1865 (202). See Andropogon leucdstachys,
p. 193.
Anatherum bicorne P. B. Wr. 770. See Andropogon bicorne, p. 192.
Anatherum macrurum Gr. Wr. 1555, See Andropogon glomeratus, p. 193.
Anatherum spathiflorum Gr. Wr. 3481. See Andropogon spathiflorus, p. 194.
Anatherum inerme Gr. Wr. 3480. See Andropogon spathiflorus, p. 194.
Sorghum halepense Pers, Wr. 3488. See Holcus halepensis, p. 195.
Imperata caudata Tr. Wr. 3486. See I. brasiliensis, p. 190.
Triscenia ovina Gr. Wr. 756. See p. 198.
Paratheria prostrata Gr. Wr. a, 1865 (207). See p. 232.
GRASSES OF SAUVALLE’S FLORA CUBANA.“
Leersia monandra Sw. 731. See Homalocenchrus monandrus, p. 235.
Leersia hexandra Sw. 3484. See Homalocenchrus hexandrus, p. 234,
Oryza sativa L. 3838. See p. 234.
Caryochloa bahiensis Steud. 3813. See Luziola bahiensis, p. 234.
Uniola paniculata L. 3823. See p. 245.
“Uniola virgata Gris” Rugel. See Uniola virgata, p. 245.
Eragrostis excelsa Gris. 3425. See p. 244.
Eragrostis nitida Chapm. 3423. See E. elliottii, p. 244.
Eragrostis sudans Gris. 3422. See E. glutinosa, p, 244.
Eragrostis ciliaris Link. 1550. See p. 243.
Eragrostis poacoides Beauv. 745, 3824. See E. tephrosanthes, p, 245.
Eragrostis reptans Nees. 3826. See E. hypnoides, p. 244.
Eragrostis bahiensis Schrad. 3424. See E. cubensis, p. 243.
Eragrostis pilifera Benth, 3825. See E. cubensis, p. 248.
Vilfa virginiana Beauv. 3830. See Sporobolus virginicus, p. 238.
Vilfa indica Steud. 1537, 3829. See Sporobolus indicus, p. 237.
Vilfa jacquemontii Kth. 3426. See Sporobolus indicus, p. 237,
Vilfa arguta Nees. 3828. See Sporobolus argutus, p. 237.
Vilfa purpurascens Beauv. 3427. See Sporobolus cubensis, p. 237, and 8. pur-
purascens, p. 238.
Poa airoides Kth, 3827. See Eragrostis airoides, p. 243.
Arthrostylidium cubense Rupr. 3809, 3811. See p. 246.
Arthrostylidium sp.? 3810. See A. urbanii, p. 246.
Arthrostylidium sp.? 3808. See A. distichum, p. 246.
Arthrostylidium sp. (sine numero), See A. capillifolium, p. 246.
Arthrostylidium fimbriatum Gris. 1554. See p. 246.
Arthrostylidium capillifolium Gris. 738. See p. 246.
Gynerium saccharoides Kth, 1560, 3477. See G. sagittatum, p. 242.
Leptochloa fascicularis Gray. 3812, 3822. See p. 241.
Leptochloa virgata Beauv. 741, 3436. See p. 242.
Leptochloa mucronata Kth. 740. See p. 241.
Muhlenbergia spicata Munn. 3894. See Gramen sp., p. 246.
Muhlenbergia capillaris Trin. 3836. See p. 237.
Aristida scabra Kth. 3835. See p. 236.
Aristida purpurascens Poir. 3432. See A. erecta, p. 236.
Aristida dispersa Trin. 737. See A. mohrii, p. 236. 736. See A. curtifolia,
p. 235. 3430, 3431. See A. refracta, p. 236. 3343.2 See A. mohrii, p. 236.
4 See footnote, page 184.
The discrepancies in numbers are doubtless due to typographical errors in
Sauvalle’s list.
2756.
2757.
2758.
2759.
2760.
2761.
2762.
2763.
2764.
2765.
2766.
2767.
2768.
2769.
2770.
2771.
2772.
2773.
2774.
2775.
2776.
2777.
2778.
2779.
2780.
2781.
2782.
2783.
2784.
2785.
2786.
2787.
2788.
2789.
2790.
2791.
2792.
2793.
2794.
2794.
2795.
2796.
2797,
2798.
2799.
2800.
2801
2802.
2803.
2804,
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 251
Reimaria acuta Fliigge. 3437. See Reimarochloa brasiliensis, p. 198.
Reinaudia filiformis Kth. 3428. See Reynaudia filiformis, p. 236.
Eleusine indica Gaertn. 744. See p. 241.
Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum Willd. 3831. See D. aegyptium, p. 241.
Cynodon dactylon Pers. (sine numero). See Capriola dactylon, p. 238.
Chloris ciliata Sw. 743. See p. 289.
Chloris petraea Thunb. 3719. See p. 240.
Chloris radiata Sw. 742. See p. 240,
Chloris brevigluma sp. nov. 1848 p. p. See Chloris cruciata, p. 239.
Chloris cruciata Sw. 1548 p. p., 1549. See C. eleusinoides, p. 239.
Chloris beyrichiana Kth, 3819. See ©. eleusinoides, p. 239.
Chloris eleusinoides Gris. 3818, See p. 239.
Bouteloua humboldtiana Gris. 739 p. p., 3815. See B. americana, p. 240.
Bouteloua porphyrantha spec. nov. 739 p. p. 734, 3816. See B. americana,
p. 240.
Achlaena piptostachya Gris. 3487. See p. 239,
Tricuspis simplex Gris. 1551. See Leptochloa spicata, p. 241.
Olyra strephioides Gris. 3435. See Mniochloa strephioides, p. 233.
Olyra pineti Wr. 1536. See Lithachne pineti, p. 233.
Olyra pauciflora Sw. 732. See Lithachne pauciflora, p. 235.
Olyra latifolia L. 746. See p. 283.
Strephium? pulchellum sp. nov. 3448. See Mniochloa pulchella, p. 233.
Milium lanatum R. & Sch, 3429. See Leptocoryphium lanatum, p. 207.
Paspalum conjugatum Berg. 767. See p. 201.
Paspalum rupestre Nees. 3445. See p. 206.
Paspalum nanum Wr. 3842. See p. 204.
Paspalum distichum L, 3854? See P. vaginatum, p. 206.
Variety vaginatum 1546. See P. vaginatum, p. 206, and P. distichum, p. 202.
Paspalum alterniflorum Rich? 3841. See p. 200.
Paspalum filiforme Sw. 769. See p. 202.
Paspalum pulchellum Kth. 3439. See p. 205.
Paspalum notatum Fliigge. 3438. See p. 204 and P. minus, p. 203.
Paspalum dissectum L. 3440. See p. 202.
Paspalum setaceum Mx. 3442, See P. rigidifolium, p. 205.
Paspalum caespitosum Fliigge 3443, 3444. See p. 201.
Paspalum leucocheilum sp. nov. See P. virgatum, p. 206.
Paspalum papillosum Spr.? 3844, p. p. See p. 204.
Paspalum clavuliferum sp. nov. 3444 p. p. See p. 201.
Paspalum decumbens Sw. 3851. See P. pedunculatum, p. 205.
Paspalum virgatum L. 3446. See p. 206. 3840. See P. millegrana, p. 203.
Paspalum plicatulum Mx. 768, 3839. See p. 205. 3843, See P. elatum, p. 202,
Paspalum densum Poir. 3447. See p. 202.
Paspalum paniculatum L. 766. See p. 204.
Paspalum rottboellioides sp. nov. 3864. See p. 205.
Paspalum hemicryptum sp. nov. 3847. See p. 203.
Paspalum caudicatum sp. nov. 3866, See P. nanum, p. 204.
Paspalum swartzianum Fliigge? 3848, See Paspalum sp., p. 206.
Paspalum compressum Nees. 3849. See Axonopus compressus, Pp. 207.
Panicum filiforme L. 1544. See Syntherisma filiformis, p. 209, and 8. leuco-
coma, p. 209.
Panicum horizontale Meyer. 764. See Syntherisma digitata, p. 209, and 8. san-
guinalis, p. 209. 3883. See Syntherisma sanguinalis, p. 209.
Panicum sclerochloa Trin? 3859. See Mesosetum wrightii, p. 211.
Panicum rottboellicides Kth. 3449, See Mesosetum rottboellioides, p. 211.
252
2805.
2806.
2807.
2808.
2809.
2810.
2811.
2812.
2813.
2814.
2815.
2816.
2817.
2818,
2819.
2820.
2821.
2822.
2823.
2824.
2825.
2826,
2827,
2828,
2829.
2830.
2831.
2832.
2833.
2834,
2835.
2836.
2837.
2838.
2839.
2840.
2841.
2842.
2843.
2844.
2845.
2846.
2847,
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Panicum platyphyllum Munro, 3441, 3867. See Brachiaria plantaginea, p. 212.
Panicum paspaloides Pers, 761, See Panicum geminatum, p. 222.
Panicum colonum L, 752. See Echinochloa colona, p. 213.
Panicum crus-galli L. 3879. See Echinochloa walteri, p. 213.
Panicum prostratum Lam, 762, 3857. See P. reptans, p. 225.
Panicum grossarium L, 3869. See P. adspersum, p. 217.
Panicum laxum Sw. 759, 3862. See p. 223,
Panicum mayarense sp. nov. 3468 p. p. See Ichnanthus mayarensis, p, 228.
Panicum amphistemon sp. nov. 3464. See Alloteropsis amphistemon, p. 211.
Panicum distantiflorum Rich. 3452. See p. 220.
Panicum diffusum Sw. 1540, 3877. See p. 220,
Panicum fuscum.Sw. 754. See P. fasciculatum, p. 221.
Panicum molle Sw. 1545, See P. numidianum, p. 224.
Panicum oryzoides Sw. 3466. See P. zizanioides, p. 228.
Panicum stenodes Gris. 3860. See P. chloroticum, p. 218. 3870. See P.
tenerum, p. 227. 3871. See p. 227.
Panicum proliferum Lam, 3456, 3861. See P. chloroticum, p. 218.
Panicum durum Gris. 1539, 3868. See Alloteropsis dura, p. 211.
Panicum distichum Lam. 3451. See P. pilosum, p. 225.
Panicum agrostoides Muhl. 3862. See P. condensum, p. 219.
Panicum maximum Jacq. See p. 224.
Panicum virgatum L. 3873. See P. virgatum cubense, p. 227
Panicum altissimum Mey. 3872. See P. megiston, p. 224.
Panicum rudgei R. 8.? 758. See P. hirtivaginum, p. 223.
Panicum divaricatum L. 747,748. See p. 220. 3465. See P. rugelii, p. 226.
Panicum sloanei Gris. 3878. See p. 226.
Panicum martinicense Gris. 749. See P. compactum, p. 219. 3457. See
P. grisebachii, p. 222.
Panicum lasianthum Trin, 3455, 3855. See P. sellovii, p. 226.
Panicum glutinosum Sw. 757. See p. 222,
Panicum cayennense Lam? (Sine numero). See p. 218.
Panicum dichotomum L. 3460. See P.lancearium, p. 223. 3461. See P. chrys-
opsidifolium, p. 218, P. fusiforme, p. 222, P. lancearium, p. 223, and P. pau-
ciciliatum, p. 225, 3462. See P. erectifolium, p. 221. 3463. See P. leuco-
thrix, p. 224, P. caerulescens, p. 219, P. tenue, p. 227, and P. wrightianum,
p.228. 3874. See P.acuminatum, p.217. 3875. See P. polycaulon, p. 225.
P. strigosum, p. 227. 3876. See P. pauciciliatum, p. 225. 3453. See P.
fusiforme, p. 222, P. chrysopsidifolium, p. 218, and P. neuranthum, p. 224.
3454, See P. chrysopsidifolium, p. 218, and P. fusiforme, p. 222.
Panicum brevifolium L. 1538. See P. trichoides, p. 227.
Panicum cyanescens L. 3458. See P. parvifolium, p. 225. 3459. See P.
nitidum, p. 224.
Panicum microcarpum Muhl. 753. See P. trichanthum, p. 227.
Panicum viscidum Ell. 3467. See P. scoparium, p. 226.
Panicum pallens Sw. 750. See Ichnanthus pallens, p. 228. 3882. See Ichnan-
thus nemorosus, p. 228.
Panicum nemorosum Sw, 3858, 3881. See Ichnanthus nemorosus, p. 228.
Panicum stoloniferum Poir? 3880. See Ichnanthus wrightii, p. 229.
Panicum amplexicaule Rudge. 3863. See Hymenachne auriculata, p. 212.
Panicum gibbum Ell. 3885. See Sacciolepis striata, p. 213.
Panicum vilvoides Trin. 3470. See Sacciolepis vilvoides, p. 213.
Hymenachne myurus Beauv. 3469. See H. amplexicaulis, p. 212.
Eriochloa punctata Hamilt. 1542. See p. 208.
Eriochloa annulata Kth? 3886. See Eriochloa ramosa, p. 208.
2848.
2849.
2850,
2851.
2802.
2853.
2854.
2800.
2856.
2857.
2858.
2859.
2860.
2861.
2862.
2863.
2864.
2860.
2866.
2867.
2868.
2869.
2870.
2871.
2872.
2873.
2874.
2875.
2876.
2877.
2878.
2879.
2880.
2881.
2882.
2883.
2884.
2885.
2886.
2887.
2888.
2889.
2890.
2891.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA. 2538
Chamaerhaphis parvigluma Munro. 3909. See Paratheria prostrata, p. 232.
‘“‘Orthopogon hirtellus R. Br.’’ See Oplismenus hirtellus, p. 229.
Orthopogon setarius Spreng. 1593. See Oplismenus hirtellus, p, 229.
Orthopogon loliaceus Spreng. 751. See Oplismenus hirtellus, p. 229.
Setaria glauca Beauv. 3888. See Chaetochloa imberbis penicillata, p. 230.
Setaria setosa Beauv. 3474, 3487. See Chaetochloa onurus, p. 230.
Pennisetum setosum Rich. 3471. See p. 232.*
Gymnothrix domingensis Spreng. 1547. See Pennisetum domingense, p. 282,
Stenotaphrum americanum Schrank. 3490. See $8. secundum, p. 232.
Isachne leersioides Gris. 1547. See p. 208.
Cenchrus viridis Spreng. 3889. See p. 251.
Cenchrus tribuloides L. 3476. See Cenchrus carolinianus, p. 231 and C. viridis,
p. 231.
Cenchrus distichophyllus Gris. 3475. See p. 2381.
Anthephora elegans Schreb. 3870. See A. hermaphrodita, p. 196. ’
Lappago racemosa Willd. 3489. See Nazia aliena, p. 196.
Triscenia ovina Gris. 756. See p. 198.
Arundinella brasiliensis Radd. 1552. See A. peruviana, p. 197.
Arundinella phragmatoides Gris, 3479. See A. deppeana, p. 196.
Arundinella martinicensis Gris. 3478. See p. 197.
Tricholena insularis Gris. 1541. See Valota insularis, p. 210.
Rottboellia impressa Gris. 3904. See Manisuris impressa, p. 191.
Rottboellia filifolia. Sp. nov. 3905. See Manisuris loricata, p. 191.
Manisuris granularis Sw. 1553. See Hackelochloa granularis, p. 191.
Andropogon contortus L. 1559. See Heteropogon contortus, p. 196.
Andropogon saccharoides Sw. 1556. See A. leucopogon, p. 193.
Andropogon alopecuroides L. 3903. See Erianthus saccharoides, p. 190.
Andropogon halepensis Sibth. 3488. See Holcus halepensis, p. 195.
Andropogon nutans L. 3896. See Sorghastrum francavillanum, p. 195. 3897.
See Sorghastrum setosum, p. 195.
Andropogon leucostachyus Kth. 3900. See p. 193.
Andropogon virginicus L. 3901. See p. 194.
Andropogon spathiflorum Kth,. 3481. 3480. See p. 194.
Andropogon macrouros Mx, 1555. See A. glomeratus, p. 193.
Andropogon bicornis L. 770. See p. 192.
Andropogon tener Kth. 1558? Seep. 194, and A. brevifolius, p. 192. 3482.
See p. 194.
Andropogon brevifolius Sw. 1558. See p. 192.
Andropogon gracilis Spreng. 3480. See p. 193.
Andropogon sp. 3898. See A. cubensis, p. 192.
Andropogon wrightii Munro, 293, 263, 3895. See Rhaphis pauciflora, p. 195.
Andropogon fastigiatus Sw. 3483. See p. 193.
Andropogon sp. 3889. See Cenchrus viridis, p. 231.
Andropogon sp. 3892, 3893. See Trachypogon filifolius, p. 191.
Andropogon sp. 3891. See A. semiberbis, p. 194.
Imperata caudata Trin. 3486. See I. brasiliensis, p. 190.
Perotis? cubana spec. nov. 735. See Chaetium cubanum, p. 232.
254
GRASSES COLLECTED IN CUBA BY WRIGHT, ARRANGED BY
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
NUMBERS.
731. Homalocenchrus monandrus, | 1539. Alloteropsis dura.
732. Lithachne pauciflora. 1540. Panicum diffusum.
733. Pharus glaber. 1541. Valota insularis.
734. Bouteloua americana. 1542. Eriochloa punctata.
735. Chaetium cubanum. 1543. Oplismenus hirtellus.
736. Aristida curtifolia. 1544. Syntherisma filiformis.
737. Aristida mohrii. Syntherisma leucocoma.
738. Arthrostylidium capillifolium. 1545. Panicum numidianum.
739. Bouteloua americana. 1546, Paspalum distichum.
740. Leptochloa mucronata.“ Paspalum vaginatum.
Leptochloa virgata. 1547. Isachne leersioides.
741. Leptochloa mucronata. Pennisetum domingense,
Leptochloa virgata. 1548. Chloris cruciata.
742. Aristida mohrii. Chloris eleusinoides.
Chloris radiata. 1549, Chloris cruciata.,
743. Chloris ciliata. Chloris eleusinoides.
744, Eleusine indica. 1550. Eragrostis ciliata.
745, Eragrostis tephrosanthes. 1551. Leptochloa spicata,
746. Olrya latifolia. 1652. Arundinella peruviana.
747. Panicum divaricatum. 1553. Hackelochloa granularis.
748, Panicum divaricatum. 1554. Arthrostylidium fimbriatum.
749. Panicum compactum. 1555. Andropogon bicornis.
750. Ichnanthus pallens. Andropogon glomeratus.
751. Oplismenus hirtellus. 1556. Andropogon leucopogon.
752. Echinochloa colona. 1557. Andropogon gracilis,
753. Panicum tricanthum. 1558. Andropogon brevifolius.
754. Panicum fasciculatum. Andropogon tener.
755. Panicum exiguiflorum. 1559. Alloteropsis dura.
Isachne leersioides. Heteropogon contortus.
756. Triscenia ovina. 1560. Gynerium sagittatum.
Panicum exiguiflorum. 1593. Oplismenus hirtellus.
757. Panicum glutinosum. 1848. Chloris cruciata.
758. Panicum hirtivaginum. 2823. Uniola paniculata.
759, Panicum laxum. 2829. Sporobolus indicus.
760, Ichnanthus wrightii. 2830. Sporobolus virginicus.
761, Panicum geminatum. 3422. Eragrostis glutinosa.
762, Panicum reptans. Sporobolus cubensis.
763. Panicum reptans. 3423. Eragrostis elliottii.
Axonopus compressus. 3424. Eragrostis cubensis.
764. Syntherisma digitata. 3425. Eragrostis excelsa,
Syntherisma sanguinalis, 3426. Sporobolus indicus.
765. Axonopus compressus. 3427. Sporobolus cubensis
766. Paspalum paniculatum. Sporobolus purpurascens.
767. Paspalum conjugatum. 3428. Reynaudia filiformis.
768. Paspalum plicatulum. 3429. Leptocoryphium lanatum.
769. Paspalum filiforme. 3430. Aristida refracta.
770. Andropogon bicornis. 3431. Aristida refracta.
1536. Lithachne pineti. 3432, Aristida erecta.
1537. Sporobolus indicus. | 3433. Aristida mohrii.
1538. Panicum trichoides. 3434. Homalocenchrus hexandrus.
“ Two or more species when here listed
under this number by Wright.
under one number were all distributed
3435.
3436.
3437.
3438.
3439.
3440.
3441.
3442.
3443.
3444.
3445.
"3446.
3447.
3448.
3449.
3450.
3451.
3452.
3453.
3454.
3455.
3456.
3457.
3458.
3459.
3460.
3461.
3462.
3463.
3464.
3465.
3466.
3467.
3468.
3469.
3470.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CUBA,
Mniochloa strephioides.
Leptochloa virgata.
Reimarochloa brasiliensis.
Paspalum notatum.
Paspalum minus.
Paspalum pulchellum.
Paspalum dissectum.
Brachiaria plantaginea.
Paspalum rigidifolium.
Paspalum arenarium.
Paspalum caespitosum.
Paspalum caespitosum.,
Paspalum clavuliferum.
Paspalum papillosum.
Paspalum rupestre.
Paspalum rupestre.
Paspalum virgatum.
Paspalum virgatum schreberianum.
Paspalum densum.
Mniochloa pulchella.
Mesosetum rottboellioides.
Panicum exiguiflorum.
Panicum pilosum.
Panicum distantiflorum.
Panicum chrysopsidifolium.
Panicum fusiforme.
Panicum neuranthum.
Panicum chrysopsidifolium.
Panicum fusiforme.
Panicum sellovii.
Panicum chloroticum.
Panicum grisebachii.
Panicum pilosum.
Panicum parvifolium.
Panicum nitidum.
Panicum lancearium.
Panicum chrysopsidifolium.
Panicum fusiforme.
Panicum lancearium.
Panicum pauciciliatum.
Paspalum densum.
Panicum erectifolium.
Panicum sellovii.
Panicum caerulescens.
Panicum leucothrix.
Panicum tenue.
Panicum wrightianum.
Alloteropsis amphistemon.
Panicum rugelii.
Panicum zizanioides.
Panicum scoparium.
Ichnanthus mayarensis.
Hymenachne amplexicaulis.
Sacciolepis vilvoides.
3471.
3472.
3473.
3474.
3475.
3476.
3477.
3478.
3479.
3480.
3481.
3482.
3483.
3484.
3485.
3486.
3487.
3488.
3489.
3490.
3719.
3808.
3809.
3810.
3811.
3812.
3813.
3814.
3815.
3816.
3817.
3818.
3819.
3821.
3822.
3823.
3825.
| 3826.
3827.
3828.
3829.
3830.
3831.
3832.
3833.
3834.
3839.
3836.
3837,
Pennisetum setosum.
Chaetochloa imberbis.
Chaetochloa imberbis.
Chaetochloa onurus.
Cenchrus distichophyllus,
Pennisetum setosum.
Cenchrus viridis.
Cenchrus carolinianus.
Gynerium sagittatum.
Arundinella martinicensis.
Arundinella deppeana.
Andropogon gracilis.
Andropogon spathiflorus.
Andropogon spathiflorus.
Andropogon tener.
Andropogon fastigiatus.
Andropogon gracilis.
Andropogon fastigiatus.
Imperata brasiliensis.
Chaetochloa onurus.
Achlaena piptostachya.
Holcus halepensis.
Nazia aliena.
Stenotaphrum secundum.
Chloris petraea.
Arthrostylidium distichum.
Arthrostylidium cubense.
Arthrostylidium urbanii.
Arthrostylidium cubense.
Leptochloa fascicularis.
Luziola bahiensis.
Capriola dactylon.
Bouteloua americana.
Bouteloua americana.
Chloris petraea.
Chloris eleusinoides.
Chloris eleusinoides.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium.
Leptochloa fascicularis.
Uniola paniculata.
Eragrostis cubensis.
Eragrostis hypnoides.
Eragrostis airoides.
Sporobolus argutus.
Sporobolus indicus.
Sporobolus virginicus.
Aristida refracta.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium.
Aristida refracta.
Aristida refracta.
Aristida refracta.
Aristida scabra.
Muhlenbergia capillaris.
Homalocenchrus hexandrus.
255
256
3838
3839
3840.
3841.
3842.
3843.
3844.
3845.
3846.
3847.
3848.
3849.
3850.
3851.
3852.
3853.
3854.
3855.
3856.
3857.
3858.
3859.
3860.
3861.
3862.
3863.
3864.
3865.
3866.
3867.
3868.
3869.
3870.
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
. Oryza sativa.
. Paspalum plicatulum.
Paspalum pulchellum.
Paspalum millegrana.
Paspalum alterniflorum.
Paspalum nanum.
Paspalum elatum.
Paspalum papillosum.
Paspalum propinquum.
Paspalum glabrum.
Paspalum hemicryptum.
Paspalum sp.
Axonopus compressus,
Axonopus compressus.
Paspalum pedunculatum.
Panicum diffusum.
Brachiaria plantaginea.
Paspalum vaginatum.
Reimarochloa oligostachya.
Panicum sellovii.
Panicum laxum.
Panicum reptans.
Ichnanthus nemorosus.
Mesosetum wrightii.
Panicum chloroticum.
Panicum diffusum.
Panicum hirtivaginum.
Panicum tenerum.
Panicum chloroticum.
Panicum condensum.
Panicum laxum.
Hymenachne auriculata.
Panicum condensum.
Panicum laxum.
Paspalum rottboellioides.
Panicum cayennense.
Paspalum nanum.
Brachiaria plantaginea.
Alloteropsis dura.
Panicum adspersum.
Anthephora hermaphrodita.
3876.
3877.
| 3878.
3879.
— 3880.
8881.
3882.
3883.
3884.
3885.
3886.
| 3887.
3888.
3889.
3890.
3891.
3892,
3893.
3894.
3895.
3896.
3897.
3898.
3899.
3900.
3901.
3902.
3903.
3904.
3905.
3906.
8909.
3870.
3871.
| 3872.
| 3873.
3874.
| 3875.
Panicum distantiflorum.
Panicum tenerum.
Panicum stenodes.
Panicum megiston.
Panicum virgatum cubense.
Panicum acuminatum,
Panicum polycaulon,
Panicum strigosum.
Panicum pauciciliatum.
Panicum diffusum.
Panicum exiguiflorum.
Panicum sloanei.
Echinochloa walteri.
Ichnanthus wrightii.
Ichnanthus nemorosus.
Ichnanthus nemorosus.
Syntherisma sanguinalis
Syntherisma villosa.
Sacciolepis striata.
Eriochloa ramosa.
Chaetochloa onurus,
Chaetochloa imberbis penicillata.
Cenchrus viridis.
Anthephora hermaphrodita.
Andropogon semiberbis.
Trachypogon filifolius.
Trachypogon filifolius.
Unidentified.
Rhaphis pauciflora.
Sorghastrum francavillanum.
Sorghastrum setosum.
Andropogon cubensis.
Andropogon nashianus.
Andropogon leucostachys.
Andropogon virginicus.
Andropogon bicornis.
Erianthus saccharoides.
Manisuris impressa.
Manisuris loricata.
Paratheria prostrata.
Paratheria prostrata.
LIST OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES AND NEW NAMES.
: Page.
Alloteropsis amphistemon (Wright) Hitchc........ ee ceeee Lecce eee ee eee O11
Panicum amphistemon Wright.
Alloteropsis dura (Griseb.) Hitche...........0002.0.000.00..0.020.2..--.-.... 211
Panicum durum Griseb.
Alloteropsis semialata(R. Br.) Hitchc..............................-.....- 210
Panicum semialatum R. Br.
Andropogon nashianus Hitch. sp. nov.....................-.-.------ eee 193
Aristida curtifolia Hitche. sp. nov............... eee eee eee ee ee eee 235
Aristida erecta Hitche. sp. nov ............0.0.0.000 0000s 236
Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitche .............0.0.00200.00.20....... 212
Panicum plantagineum Link.
Chaetium cubanum (Wright) Hitche............000200000 0000022. 232
Perotis? cubana Wright.
Eragrostis cubensis Hitchc. sp. nov...................20.2..0.0.2.2020 20-0 -- 243
Eriochloa filifolia Hitche. sp. nov.............0...0..000.0 0002 e cee ee eee 207
Eriochloa subglabra (Nash) Hitchc...............000000. 0.200020. 208
Monachne subglabra Nash.
Ichnanthus mayarensis (Wright) Hitchc..................0.0..........-... 228
Panicum mayarense Wright.
Ichnanthus wrightii Hitche. sp. nov...................2.0 20-0002 e cence eee 229
Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) Hitchc...............002000000000. 002222. 234
Caryochloa bahiensis Steud.
Mesosetum rottboellioides (H. B. K.) Hitche...........2...002.220....... 211
Panicum rottboellioides H. B. K.
Mesosetum sclerochloa (Trin.) Hitchc................00.00.0000.....222... 212
Panicum sclerochloa Trin.
Mesosetum wrightii Hitche. sp. nov.............0000220 00002. 211
Panicum caerulescens Hack. in herb..................0.20.0.22.-2.-0000. 219
Panicum fusiforme Hitche.............2.02.00c00 000 0e ceo c eevee eee eee ee 222
Panicum neuranthum variety ramosum Griseb. 1866, not P. ramosum L. 1767.
Panicum hirtivaginum Hitche. sp. nov....................0.0..2. 22-222 ee. 223
Paspalum ciliiferum (Nash) Hitche................0..00000000 00.2000. . 201
Dimor phostachys ciliifera Nash.
Reimarochloa Hitchce. gen. nov. (type, Reimaria acuta Fliigge)............... 198
Reimarochloa acuta (Fliigge) Hitche.........0.2.0000.00 2000002. 198
Reimaria acuta Fliigge.
Reimarochloa brasiliensis (Spreng.) Hitche....................2.......... 198
Agrostis brasiliensis Spreng.
Reimarochloa oligostachya (Munro) Hitche...... bee eee ence ee eee eee. 199
Reimaria oligostachya Munro.
Sorghastrum francavillanum (Fourn.) Hitche...............2.2.22........ 195
Andropogon francavillanus Fourn.
61170—voL. 12, pr 6—09——6 257
258 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Sorghastrum setosum (Griseb.) Hitche
Andropagon setosus Griseb.
Sporobolus cubensis Hitchc. sp. nov.........-.....-.00 000000002.
Syntherisma aequiglumis (Hack. & Arech.) Hitchc
Panicum aequiglume Hack. & Arech.
Trachypogon filifolius (Hack.) Hitche...........002.00000000.0.00.0.0......
Trachypogon polymorphus f filifolius Hack.
INDEX OF SPECIES.
{Page number of principal entries in bold-face type. Synonyms in italics.]
Page.
Achlaena piptostachya ..................... 235
Agrostis brasiliensis. .........2..000002.2..... 198
CrUCINA. 2... eee ee 239
Ce 237
purpurascens..............- eee eee eee eee 238
radiata........ wee eee eee cece eee eee 240
virginica... 2.2... eee eee ee 238
Alloteropsis amphistemon.................. 211
distachya.. 2.20.00. 0. e cece eee 210 |
dura.... 2... eee eee ee 211
semialata................020.00.0020220-- 210
Anatherum inerme..............-0..2.2-2---- 194
spathiflorum.... 2.0.0.0... 02. ee 194
Andropogon avenaceum ...............2-2-.- 195
barbatum..........2...0000.0.002000 0008 240
bicornis............02....000c cece eee 192,193
brevifolius..............2.022..0.0022.. 192,194
contortus.... 222... 2 eee eee. 196
cubensis..................0.22.0222-..0- 192
domingensis..........22.2.00-002000200-- 193
fastigiatus............020..0.020.002020.. 193
francavillanum........02.0..0000.00000-. 195
glomeratus..............2.2..0222...-. 192,193
gracilis............00.0.0020200002022.00.. 193
halepensis............2..2-00.00000 20022. 195
hispidus.. 2.00.00... e ec e eee ee 197
inerMi8.. 0... eee eee 194
insulare.... 0.00.00. cee eee eee 210
rleucopogon............ Dee eee eee eee. 193
leucostachys............2...02022.22--. 193,194
MACTOUTUM... 222.22 ee eee eee 193
nashianus....................22-2.-.--.. 193
NUIANS.. 2. ee 195
scoparius.............2..0000.00022000--- 193
SECUNGUS. 2... eee eee 196
semiberbis............00.00.0.00..020.2... 194
SCLOSUS. 2 ee eee eee eee 195
spathiflorus..........22..0.0.00000........ 194
imerMi8...........020000000 00202222. 194
subtenuis.........2..000000.00.0......... 194
temer.......20...0.0.00.002000.020..-2-- 192,194
virginicus.........22..200000.00.0.22-2.-. 194
wrightii.... 20.0.2 195
Anthephora elegans ...........2.2.00022...-. 196
hermaphrodita.............0.00.0222.... 196
Aristida americana.......................... 240
curtifolia. 2.2.2.2 222 235
dispersa.......222...0000.00.000000.0000... 240
erecta.......2...02. 200000002002 236
GYTONS.. 2... eee 236
mohrii......-.2.2.2222 22222. 236
palustris. ..........222.0000 0000 eee. 236
refracta....2......02000000200.0 0022200. 236
SCabra.... 2... ce eee eee eee 236
Page.
Arthrostylidium angustifolium.............. 246
eapillifolium.......2.02 000222 246
cubense....... 2.222.222 cee eee 246
distichum.............000..0.02.0..--.... 246
fimbriatum......22.0.000220.02....-.... 246
sarmentosum............................ 246
urbanii...... 2.02 246
Arundinella brasiliensis...................... 197
CTINitA.. 2 eee ee eee 197
cubensis... 2... oe ee 197
deppeana.......2..22 2222 196
hispida... 2.2... 2.2 eee ee 197
martinicensis......................... 197, 198
pallida... 2... 2c 197
peruviana.....22...02220000.00000000... 196, 197
phragmitoides......... wee eee eee eee eee 196
Asperella digitaria......................... 209, 210
Axonopus compressuS....................-.- 207
Bouteloua americana........................ 240
disticha...2.... 002.000 0000002000 00020... 240
humboldtiana..........000.0.022.0.202.-- 240
litigiosa... 2.0000 240
porphyrantha .........20.00 0020000022. 240
Brachiaria plantaginea...................... 212
platyphylla ... 22222000002 212
Bromus spicatus........0..000.00022-2..------ 241
Capriola dactylon......22..0.000..0.022..-.. 238
Caryochloa bahiensis.............0.0.0.022.-. 234
Cenchrus carolinianus........-.............. 231
distichophyllus............2.2.0.00.0.... 231
echinatus.....2222 2000222 231
granularis..... cee ee eee eee eee eee eee 191
SELOSUS 2-2 eee 232
tribuloides.. 22... 20.0 0020000 231
viridis... 2.200020 231
Chaetium cubanum.....................-... 232
festucoides......22...000.0.00-2..2--2--- 232
Chaetochloa hispida. .......2202...0022.....- 230
imberbis......2....000.0..00022220000022... 230
penicillata........2.00000020020020.. 230
ONUTUS.. 2.2.2.2. eee eee 230
purpurascens. .............0222.2..020... 231
setoSa.. 2.22.22 eee eee 231
verticillata......... Lecce eee eee ee eee cece 231
Chamaeraphis parvigluma ................... 232
Chloris barbata.........000.0.0.00.02.2.0-0..---. 240
brevigluma...... 222.0000 2 0 eee 239
Ciliata... 2... 239
eruciata. 2.2... 0222 239
elegans. ......22...20220.0000.022---0000.- 239
eleusinoides.........2..0.20.0.0.022..0.... 239
vestita. eee 239
paraguaiensis.................0.0........ 240
PeCtTAea. 2... eee eee 240
VIII INDEX OF
Page.
Chloris radiata ................--.------++--- 240
swartziana....... 0-22... 202220222222 eee 240
Cinna glomerata....... 0.0.22. 000 eee 198
Coix lacryma-jobi ...................-------- 190
Cynodon dactylon.........-....------- lees 238
Cynosurus aegyplius............---. 2-20-25: 241
indicus... ......2...0..000202 2220222 e eee 241
virgatus.. 2.2.2.2... eee eee eee Le eeeeee 242
Dactyloctenium aegyptium...............-.. 241
Digitaria foliosa..............---.--0--2-2-+-- 206
pulchella .........2- 220022 233
SELOSO.. 2 eee eee 209
Dimorphostachys ciliifera....-.....---+-+-+-- 201
pedunculata..........----- bee e cece eee eee 205
Distichlis spicata.......-...-.-.....-2----+-- M5 |
Echinochloa colona............-.------ .--. 213,222)
crusgalli ...........--2-.-2-0--020-020---5- 213 |
walteri...........0.-2 22222 eee eee 21:
Eleusine indica...............-2.---2-.------- 241
mucronata......----...22222------------- 241
Eragrostis airoides................-.-.-.----- 243
bahiensis..............02.-..2.0-2---2----- 243
berteroiana............---.-.------+---+-- 243
Ciliaris................----------2220--5-- 243
cubensis. ........-.-.2.2--2--22--2----- 243,244
elliottii.. 2.0.0.0... 0.2222 244
excelsa......2....22-2.220 22202060 e eee eee 244
glutinosa...........--....-----.--------- 244.
hypnoides..............-22-.-2..--------- 244
MaACTOpOda.........---2-20- 2202 e eee eee 244
Nitlda.. 2.2... eee ee eee eee ee eee eee ee 244
pilosa. ..........22...22-2- 2-22 245
plumosa.........0.2. 2220202 e eee ee ee ee eee 245
Teplans ......--0.2.0000- eee eee eee ee eee 244
SUdANS ©... ee eee es 237,244
tenella.............2----2.- 2222 eee eee eee 245
plumosa.......-2-22.2-22-- 022222 245
tephrosanthes..............-.-.------++- 245
Frianthus saccharoides...............------- 190
Eriochloa annulata...........-222-2..-2-22-- 208
filifolia......2.22.22-2222-. 222222 e ee 207
punctata.........0.2. 2.2 eee eee eee eee 208
subglabra......---2..-2--2--0---2-0--- 208
PAMOSA... 2.222. ee eee eee 208
subglabra.......-..-..------ cee eeeeeeeee 208
Eustachys petraea.............-2-+--.+------ -. 240
Festuca fascicularis.....-...-.2-+.-.-+-+2+---- 241
Goldbachia mikani.......-..-.-.------+------ 197
Gymnothrir domingensis...........-.....---+- 232
Gynerium saccharoides..........-.-.-.------- 242
sagittatum.................---2-.---- ... 242
Hackelochloa granularis................-.--- 191
Heteropogon contortus...............--...-- 196
SECUNdUS.... 2222 ee eee 196
Holeus halepensis. ......-....-..-2.--2.----- 195
sorghum............2..-20.-...-2---2--- 194
StriGLUS ©... eon eeee cece eeeeee 213 |
Homalocenchrus hexandrus............----- 234 |
monandrus...........------+---+-++----- 235
Hymenachnie amplexicaulis............-.... 212
auriculata............--.--.---2-22-005-- 212
fluviatilis... 2.2... Lecce eee e eects eeeeee 213
Hypogynium spathiflorum...........--------- 194
Ichnanthus mayarensis..............----- 228, 229
memorosuS..........------------ 06+: ... 228
pallens. ...........----.--------+e0+--e- 228
wrightii......00.....000000. 2020000 ee eee 229
SPECIES,
Page.
Imperata brasiliensis. ....................--- 190
Isachne leersioides............-- Slee eee 198, 208
Ischaemum rugosum.............-...--- .... 191
SECUNIUUM . 2.2 we... 282
Lappago aliena.......--....---2..---2----- 196
PACEMOSA. 2... 2 ee ee eee ee 196
Leersia herandra .. 0.0... ..00. 0000000 e ee eee 234
monandra........2.2.-.----- cece eeeeeeee 235
Leptochloa fascicularis.......... cece cece eee 241
filiformis...............-2....22.. eeeeee 241
mucronata. ..........---...-.2--2002-- 241, 242
PETENNIS . 2... eee 242
spicata... 2.22.2... 222.202 eee eee eee eee ee 241
virgata. 2.002.000.0020 00 eo eee eee ee eee 241, 242
; Leptocoryphium lanatum..............-.--- 207
Lithachne avillaris.................0.20.0---- "933
pauciflora. .........2.2...-.22...0.02-2--- 233
pineti.......2....-2222.0.00020-00.0 0222-2. 233
| Luziola alabamensis..............0.02.0022--- 234
bahiensis.................-.222....-----.- 234
longivalvula...........220200 200000 eee 234
Manisuris granularis..-......... eee e ee eeeee 191
impressa.........-2-222-22-2-220-2-22-2--- 191
loricata..... cece eee eee eee cece eee eee 191
Mesosetum cayennense.............2..-.----- 211
rottboelloides...............2........-2-.. 211
sclerochloa ...............00..2.-0-20000- 212
wrightii.......... 222.2... 022 ee ee 211
Milium compresswm..........-...2--5.------ 207
digitatum.........-222200-00--0-0-.02 22-0 2-e 209
punctatum..... 2.22.22 eee eee eee 208
TAMOSUM . 2... eee eee 208
Mniochloa pulchella...............-.-..--.-- 233
strephioides............-...2..-2--2+---- 233
Monachne subglabra.... 2.22... .-----0.--0--- 208
Muhlenbergia capillaris...................... 237
Spicdta...... 2.2.2. cee eee ee 246
Nazia aliena...............00.....2.-2-2----- 196
Olyra avillaris..........2.-020.000 000020020005: 283
latifolia....... 0222220002 238
pauci flora... 2.2... eee eee eee 233
pineti. 2... eee eee eee eee eee 233
Opizia stolonifera..........-........---.---- 242
Oplismenus hirtellus.................-.----- 229
Oryza sativa... ...0 02222. 2 02.202 e eee 234
Panicum acuminatum.................-.--- 217
adspersum..............0.---20------ 217, 226
aequiglume.......-.. 00-2020 eee ee eee eee 210
agrostidiforme...........--2.-.0.2----+-- 223, 224
albomarginatum........--...2..222++++--- 227
altissiMUM.. 2... ee eee ee eee 224
amphistemon ... 2.2... 2222 eee ee eee 211
amplexicaule. .......0.22000000 0002200220 212
appressum............-....------------- 222
aquaticum.........-.......2-22--2------ 218
auriculatum. . 2.2... 02.200 oe ee eee eee 212
bambusoides........-.-......-2--------- 220, 221
barbinode..........2--2-.---.- 2-0-2 22e eee eee 224
bartowense........---.......----+-------- 218
brevifolium....................--------- 227
brizoides.. 222. eee ee 222
caerulescens. ............----- 219, 224, 227, 228
caespitOSuM . 2... eee ee eee 225
earicoides................---..---------- 227
cayennense...........-...-.2--2-5- 2-2-6 218
chaelium...... 0.002000. 232
chauvinii..........--.-- Sec e ce eeeeeee 220
INDEX OF SPECIES.
Page.
Panicum chloroticum ..............-2....66- 218
chrysopsidifolium..............--------- 218
COIONUM .. 2222 eee eee eee 213
comophyllum . 2.0.0.2 22 0c eee eee eee 217
compactum...................---------- 219
condensum........----.---------- 212, 219, 223
crusgalli... 2.2.2... 20022020 213
CUTVINETVE . 2. ee ee ee 209
eyanescems...........-------- 2-2-2 eee 225
dactylon... 2.2... .2-220200 000202 e eee eee 238
decumbens ..........----0--. 00-2002 202222 205
diandrum.........----0-20- 20-02-2255: 223, 224
dichotomiflorum................-..----- 218
dichotomum nodiflorum........--......-- 219
nodiflorum forma glabrescens ........ 223
diffusum ..............002...2222..-0---- 220
dissectum ...........-20..00-22--2----+--- 202
distantiflorum..................2--..- 220, 227
distichum ..... 2.2... ---- 2-22-0220 e ee eee 225
divaricatum.........2...-.....--- 220, 221, 226
puberulum..... 222202222 ee eee eee 220
B stenostachyum........-..-..-.- .... 221
duchaissingii........-2....--00---2-5----- 210
durum... 22222 eee eee eee 211
elephantipes........-.2.-.---2-0-----+--- 218
equinuM........2.22.-----2------ 22 --- 224, 225
erectifolium..........2.....------------- 221
exiguiflorum................----- 208, 220, 221
fasciculatum............-...2-2..2----.- 204, 221
filiforme.......... 2220-22220 2-0 2-2-2 eee 209
flavescens.........--- 2-5-0202 2-2eeeeee 221
floridanum.........-..----0-0-2-0-0-2-5- 221
fuscum.....-2.. 00220202022 eee eee ee 221
fusiforme...........-2.....--2-.--2--2---- 222
geminatum...................-.-..-.-.-- 9292
geniculatum ... 2.22.2... 2020.0 e ee ee eee 230
gibbum .. 2-2-2202 eee eee eee eee eee 213
glutinosum.............-....22.-2---..--- 292
grisebachii.......--..-.-----------+00--- 222 |
grossarium..........----- Leeeee Lecce eee 225, 226 |
hirsutum. .....-.....--.---- cece e eee 299, 223 |
hirtellUm ..0.20.0020000 0202 e eee B29 |
hirtivaginum ............-.------------- 223
hygrophilum........-....---.+-+-2+++++-- 218
hymenachne.........-.-.---2-2---------- 212
illinoniense...............-.222-220220---- 221
imberbe..........-..----2---22-220220---- 230
insularum...........2.-2. 022222622205. 225, 226
laeve.. 2.22222. 224
lanatum........--...2--------22-2------- 227
lancearium..............--....----. 219,222,223
lasianthum.........-----5...---- es ae
laxum.......-........-----..-.-.. 212,219,223
variegatum..............----2------- 221
leandri..........-....-2-..00-220---2---- 212
leptochyrium........2.2--.--2--+--------- 232
leucophaeum.............---2-+-+--------- 210
leucothrix.........-..-....---- 219, 224, 227, 228
lindenii............--22-2.-0.-2-.-2------- 222
maximum..........-........-222-------- 204
MAYATENSE........ 2-2-2222 eee eee eee 228
megiston..................-------------- 224
minutiflorum......-.....--02 02-20-22 221
minutulum....... cece ee eee cece eee eee 228
molle.............0- 202s 225
Ix
Page.
Panicum mytros..........002- 000 eee eee eee 212, 213
MEMOTOSUM... 00.222 eee ee eee eee eee 228
neuranthum.............-.--..--- 219, 222, 224
TAMOSUM.....--------2-------------- 222
nitidum................---2-------------- 224
numidianum...........----------------- 224
obtusiflorum..............-220-0022200--- 222
ONUTUS . 22.2 eee eee eee eee 230
oryz0ides . 2.2.2.2 eee eee eee ee 228
ovalifolium........-.....--------.------- 227
oryanthum.... 2.022222 eee ee ee 198, 199
PAlleNs 2.0. eee eee 228
parvifolium.....-......-.2..-2...22.-. 224, 225
paspalodes..........-..-2.2222-20-22-2+-- 222
pauciciliatum....00 200.0222... 2 222... 222,225
penicillatum . 2.2.20... 0222222 e ee eee eee 230
pilisparsum......-002000 0-002 eee eee eee eee 225
pilosum.. 20.2220 20 eee 225
plantagineum.. 0.2.00. ee eee ee eee eee " 212
platyphyllum...2. 0.002.202 02 eee ee ee eee 212
polyeaulon ...................20222--- 225,227
polygonatum. ........0.2202200- 20-2 --- 223 , 224
proliferum................2...-----2------ 218
pilosum..... 2.0.2.2 ee ee ee eee 218
strictuM...2 22-22 ee eee 218
ProstratumM. o.oo eee ee eee 225
ramosum........2222...2--2--2---202------ 222
ramuliflorum .. 2... 00 eee 223 , 224
repens..........-..--------2222 2022222 e ee 225
reptans.....0 22.2.0 0 2c e eee eee cee eee eee 225
roanokense........-...--2--22----+--++--- 219
rottboellioides... 20... oo oe eee eee 211
rudgei.............. en ne 223
rugelii......2......2 0.000.222. eel eee eee eee 226
rugulosum.............. 2222220. 20000000- 226
hirtiglume...... 02.00.0222 00 eee eee 226
sanguinale... 2.2.0.0. 200 022 e eee eee eee 209
SIMPSONI. 2 ee eee 210
sclerochloa... 2.2.2... 0 0022 211
scoparium..... 2.2.22... eee eee ee eee eee 226
sellovii. 2.2... 2020s 226
semialatum... 2... 2-20 2000. e eee ee eee 210
selarium... 222... . 2-200 22 eee eee eee beeeee 229
SCLOSUM 0 ee eee eee eee 231
sintenisii... 200... 220
sloanei..........2.- 22-222 e eee eee eee eee 226
sphaerocarpon floridanum.............--- 221
stenodes..............-0...2222-020--005- 220,227
strigosum.........-.22..-22-220.202-00-0- 227
subbarbulatum . 0.200000 eee eee ee 224
swartzianum...........2..222.22.2225-2- 227
tenerum... 2.2.22... ee eee eee eee ee eee 227
tenue@........2.....2 2-2 e eee 219, 224, 227, 228
tenwiculMumM. .... 2.022... eee eee eee ee eee 223,224
tricanthum..........--.-- 222.2 e eee eee eee 227
trichocondylum.... 2.0... 22.20.2002 eee eee 224
trichoides....... 2.00.0... 220222000222 2000 227
tricolor...... 2.2... - an 221
UtAWANAEANUM. .. 2. ee ee ee eee 220
valenzwelanumM.... 22... eee eee eee ee eeee 226
verticillatum......-.-..- cece cece ee eee - 231
vilvoides. .. 2.2... 2.0.22. e eee eee eee eee 213
virgatum breviramosum..:......---.------ 227
cubense............-..200-2-2-- eee 227, 228
ObtUsUM . 2... eee ee eee eee ee 227
VISCITUM... 22. e eee eee ee eee eee ee 226
x
Page.
Panicum walteri.........-.....-2-2-2-2---+-- 213
wrightianum.................. 219, 224, 227, 228
zizanioides..................-.-2.-.------ 228
Pappophorum laguroides................-.-. 242
Paratheria prostrata..............2.2....---- 232
Paspalum alterniflorum...........2......--- 200
angustifolium .........0.0020000 2022s 203
AppressumM...........2220022222-- Lecce eee 222
approvimatum .. 2.2... ee eee 202
arenarium.............-.....2--.-2------ 201
bakeri. 2.22 cece ee nee 202
caespitosum..............2.2....-- 201, 202, 206
eandidum.............2.-..2.-2.2.------ 198
caudicatum..... 2.2.2.0. 2.200 cece 204
ciliiferum............02......222.0..22.-. 201
clavuliferum.......... ween 201
COMPTESSUM . 2.2.2.2 207
conjugatum...........20.0..22000..0.2-. 201
debile..........-.... cence eee eee cece eee 201
decumbens ...... 2.2... 202 022222 e eee eee 205
densum........--2.-2..0--0 00002 e eee 202
denticulatum............0.0220.20-0200205- 208
dissectum ...............- eet e eee eee 202
distichum......... eee cece eee ee eee 198, 199, 202
dolichophyllum...........-.0..00-002.0..- 200
elatum . 2.22.02... 02222 e eee eee 202
OleGQns . 2... eee eee 205
elongatum...........2...0..2.0000.2202.. 198
faleula.... 22.2222 201
filiforme.............2022.2002200.020-... 202
glabrum.......-......0.0.02.-0000.0.222.. 202
helleri... 2.2.22. 2.0. 0000000020200 2 222 eee. 203
hemicryptum.................0-...22.... 208
horticola.. 22.2.2... 20.02 ee 201
maritima........0 2. 2-02.02 00.2222 205
MOPS... -. ~~~ eee eee 2
lanatum.........2220 0.222222 002 207
lentiginosum......-..2.2000 00000 cee eee 203
leuchocheilum........ wobec ee eee eee eee 206
lindenianum...................0.0..... 204, 206
lineare.... 222.222.2222. 203
lividum....-...2.0020.00000 0200022222 203
longepedunculatum..................... 201
membranaceum...........2-22-0. 0020. 0.. 202
millegrana..........22.22.0000.000.022.... 203
minus...........22....2.0.2.0.0000000. 203,204 |
Mnanum.........2. 2.00222 204 |
neesti. 2. eee eee 203
notatum.........20..0022.0..0.20200.002. 203, 204
paniculatum....... 2.0.0.0... ..222..00000.. 204
papillosum...-....22.02.00 2222.22. 201, 204, 205
pedunculatum..........22....222.000.... 205
pittieri.. 2.2 204
platyphyllum........0.002.0000020000 0022. 212 |
plicatulum.. 2.0.2.0 222.02..0200000 0002. 202, 205
propinquum...............2.22.......... 205
pulehellum ......-......0002.000.002.. 198, 205
rigidifolium...........000000000.0....... 205
rottboellioides.. 2.2.2.2 ...022..2002000000.. 205
rupestre..........-22.-...- eee eee eee 201, 206
siMpSONi.......--22...2---2---- cece ee eee 201
swartzianum...-. 2.0.00 0 20020 ee 202, 207
taphrophyllum..................-.2.---.. 204 |
tristachyon......2.....0.2..022202020-0- -- 207
under woodii.............2.2..2.2222.. we. 208
vaginatum ................... 198, 199, 202, 206
INDEX OF SPECIES.
Page
Paspalum vaginiflorum..........22....2..--- 205
villosissimum...... cee ee cee eee eee eee 201
virgatum..._. we eee eee eee eee ele ee 206
glabriusculum ....2 2.2 .0.0000 20.020 206
schreberianum........2.....0..02-.... 206
vulnerans.. 22.2002. 203
Paspalus annulatus....0 0.2.2.0 000000000002. 208
Pennisetum domingense...................-. 232
setosum . 222 232
Perotis cubana.........00 200.000.020.002 232
Pharus glaber......2.00.0..000.0..0.-2-..-.. 234
latifolius.. 2.2.20. 0 02 234
parvifolius.... 2220200022202 2 eee. 234
Poa amabilis.... 2.000020 245
ciliaris... 2... 243
glutinosa.... 220 244
hypnoides.............. eee eeeee cee ee eee 244
Nilidd...- 22. eee 244
Plumosa... 2.22222. 245
replans .. 2.2.2. eee .... 244
tenella... 2.02.22 245
VITGALA.. 2... eee 245
Polydon distichus. 22.2.2... 2.20.0... cece eee 240
Polypogon cubensis... .....0-000 000000002002. 235
Poranthera. 2.006 ee 195
Reimaria acuta .....-02 000.0020 198
brasiliensis ...000 0000 198
elegans... 22 205
oligostachya.... 202.000. 199
Reimarochloa acuta. ......00 002002. 198
brasiliensis... 02-02. 198
oligostachya........002..20.. wee eee eee 199
Reynaudia filiformis........00000 0.002000... 235
Rhaphis pauciflora.. 2.220000... 195
Rottboellia filifolia..... 2.220. 0eee 191
iIMpressa.......222.2-.. cnc eee eens 191
loricata.. 2.2.0.0. 0 002 191
Saccharum officinarum........0....2..2...... 190
sagittatum........2..... woe e eee eee 242
Sacciolepis myuros........02200000.0022.0.... 213
striata... 22222 Leeceeeee 213
vilvoides ... 20.2222 2 2020000000200 213
Schizachyrium gracile......22 00000000022 198
semiberbe. 0.000000 eee 194
LENETUM 2 2 eee ee 194
Setaria glauca... 2-2-2200 230
ONUTUS. 2. ee eee 230
PUTPUTASCENS. 2.2222 eee 231
Sorghastrum francavillanum................ 195
setosuMm. . 2.2... 2.2202 eee 195
Sorghum halepense .-..... 2-0-0000 eee 195
pauciflorum... 2.20.02 2222 195
Sporobolus argutus........22.00000000 00.0.2. 237
cubensis........... Lee eee cece ee 237, 238
indicus... 22. ..22.20000000 00000. 237
jacquemontii. 2.20.2 237
purpurascens... _... Lecce eee e ee eee 237,238
virginicus. 222.220.2202 238
Stenotaphrum secundum ................... 232
Stipa capillaris........2...2-000000000-00 0000 ee 237
Strephium pulchellum........0.000.0........ 233
Streptachne cubensis...... cece eee cece eee 236
SCObTA. 22.22 eee 236
Syntherisma aequiglumis....... cece cece eee 210
digitata. 2.2.20 2002 0000222 207,209
filiformis. 22.0.0... 0000.2. eee ee 209
INDEX OF SPECIES.
Page.
Syntherisma leucocoma..................... 209 | Tricholaena rosea......................2.....
sanguinalis............0.0.00.0.22.0.002. 209 | Tricuspis simpler...................02-..-.--
S€LOS@. ee eee 209 | Tripsacum hermaphroditum .................
simpsoni......-.2....-.-000 0000 210 | Triscenia ovina............22..0.002.2..--...
villosa... 2.222.020 22222222 eee Lecce eens 210 | Uniola paniculata.......2...20....2.........
Thysanachne peruviana................202. 197,198 virgata. . 22.22.2222 0 eee
SCOPATIC. 222. 197 } Valota insularis...............22.0.022020.00..
Trachypogon filifolius..............22....... 191 | Vilfa arguta..... 222.2202
gouini.......2... 222.2... eee eee 191 domingensis..........0...00 000 c eee e ee
polymor phus filifolius........... Leeseeeee 191 grisebachiana,........ 00... cee eee cece ee eee
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
VotumE XII. PART 7
STUDIES OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL
AMERICAN PLANTS—No. 6
By J. N. ROSE
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
-BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
IssuED APRIL 12, 1909,
PREFACE.
The accompanying report by Dr. J. N. Rose is a continuation of his
Studies of Mexican and Central American Plants. It varies little in
style and treatment from the earlier numbers, of which five have
already been published. ‘They all emphasize the botanical richness of
the countries south of the United States, and the importance of careful
work by experienced collectors.
FREDERICK V. CovILLE,
Curator of the United States National Herbarium.
III
CONTENTS.
Introductory notes ...........-.-- ee ee eee eee eee eee
Cycadaceae .....22222222222 22 ee ee eee ee eee
A new species of Dioon ...........-..-..22--2--- 20-22-2222 eee eee ee eee eee
Gnetaceae -... 22.20.2002 2 222 eee eee ee beeen cece eens
A new species of Ephedra ....-....-2....2.2.0.2 222-220-2222 e eee ee ee
Liliaceae ...2..2. 2222-222 ee eee eee
A new species of Beaucarnea.._.-...-.2...--2.2-0-- 22200222 e ee eee eee ee
A new species of Beschorneria -...-........-...-...--.-.---------------
Rafflesiaceae .. 2... ...-- 22.2222 ee ee eee
A new Aquilegia from the high mountains.........-.....-2...---2.-----
Capparidaceae ....-.---22. 22-222 e ee eee eee eee eee eee eee
Two new species of Cassia.................2---2--2----------------- eee
A new species and two changes of name in Chamaecrista....-.......----
Viclaceae .. 2.22 eee eee eee
Five new species of Brongniartia................-.--.-..--------------
New species and new combinations under Cracca........-----.--------.
Three new species of Diphysa.-.-- wee cece cee eee ee eee cece eee eee eee
New species and new combinations in Parosela............-..-..-------
Miscellancous new species _.........-..-------- 220-2 e cee eee eee ee eeee-
Linaceae. 2.20.22 ee eee ee ee eee
A new species of Linum _.....-..-..-..---.---------------------------
Rutaceae .....222 2220222222222 eee eee eee
The genus Morkillia............2......--2.---------------------------
The Mexican species of Ptelea -............---------------------------
The species of Taravalia ......22..........-.-.-----.------------------
Simarubaceae .-....-.-------------------. ------ 2-0-2
The Mexican species of Castela.............--..----..-----------------
Additional species of Terebinthus ..................-.-----------------
Malpighiaceae.. 2.2.2.2... eee ee eee eee ee eee eee eee
Neopringlea and its two species. ...........---.------------------------
Two new species of Wimmeria --.......-------------------------------
Rhamnaceae .....---------------------- eee eee eee
VI CONTENTS.
Page.
Tiliaceae.....---2 2-2-2222 eee eee ee ee eee ee ee ee eee eee ee ee eee ee eee eee 285
Four new species of Triumfetta............--.------------------------- 285
Malvaceae .....------------- 2-2-2 ee ee eee eee eee eee 286
Miscellaneous species ........----..-.--------- +--+ +--+ eee eee eee eee ee 286
Loasaceae........----------- 2-2-2 ee ee eee ne eee. 286
Two new species of Euenida.........-----------------------+---+---- 286
Lythraceae ...-..-.-------------------- 2-22 eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee ieee 287
Six new species of Cuphea ......-..-.--------------------------------- 287
Cactaceae.....2-.----- 2222-22-22 eee eee ee eee eee eee 290
Miscellaneous new species .........----------------------------------- 290
Onagraceae ......------------- ee eee ee ee eee eee ee ee eee eee ee eee 293
A new species of Gaura and one of Lavauxia ............----.------- .-. 293
The subfamily Lopezieae............------------------------ +--+ 2+ -- 204
Reisenbachia .-.....-.--------.----- Lace eee ee eee eee ee ee eee ee eee 295
Diplandra .....-...-.--------------------- ee eee eee eee eee eee 295
Semeiandra .........-----.-2-.-------------------- +2 eee eee eee 295
Pelozia .....-..---.---.--------------- “bene ee eee eee eee ee ee ee eee 295
Pseudolopezia.....----.. 2... 2-2-2022 eee eee ee eee eee ee eee 296
Jehlia ...2.....222 2222 --- 2-2 eee eee eee eee eee eee 297
Lopezia............-.2--2-2-0------------ +--+ 2+ --- -- eee 298
Apiaceae .....-..---.-2-2----.----2---- +--+ +--+ 22-222 eee eee ee eee 301
A new species of Arracacia and one of Prionosciadium ......-.---------- 301
PLATE
Fia.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATES.
Facing page.
XX. Beaucarnea goldmanii Rose............2-2.----------------
XXI. Pilostyles thurbert A. Gray.....---.--2----------.---- +--+:
XXII. Mozinna pauciflora Rose.....------.-----------------------
XXIII. Echinocactus palinert Rose.......-.---------------+-----+---
XXIV. Opuntia azurea Rose......-...---.---------------- lowe nenee
XXV. Opuntia lloydii Rose. ..... cece ee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee
XXVI. Opuntia pyriformis Rose. ..........-...-.------------------
XXVIL. Opuntia vilis Rose.........2...---..------ 2-02 eee eee eee eee
TEXT FIGURES.
. Flowers of Pilostyles covillei.......2.2.-.--------------------------
. Flowers of Pilostyles glomerata.........---.----------------+--------
. Flowers of Pilostyles palmeri..........-.--------------------------
. Flowers of Pilostyles sessilis.......---------------------------------
Jalyx of Cracca diversifolia......----....-.-----.------------------
. Calyx of Cracca platyphylla........------- eee eee eee eee eee ee ee eee
}. Leaflet and fruit of Morkillia mexvicana......2....-2.-.-------------
. Leaflet and fruit of Morkillia acuminata.............----.-.---------
. Flower and petal of Cuphea goldmani........----------------------
. Flower of Cuphea imberbis .....2..--------------------------------
. Flower and sepal of Cuphea lozanii .........---.-------------------
. Flower and ovary of Cuphea painteri.......--...-------------------
. Flower of Cuphea viscosa......-.---------------- +--+ +--+ +--+ ------
. Fruit of Opuntia azurea....-.-.22---------------------------------
. Fruit of Opuntia loydit ......2...--.---.--------------------------
. Fruit of Opuntia pyriformis.........--.--------.-------------------
. Fruit of Opuntia vilis .......-.-.----------------------- +--+ +--+ ---
. Flower and fruit of Pelozia clavata.......-.-.----------------------
. Flower of Pelozia laciniata......---..-.----------.----------------
. Flower and flower parts of Jehlia macrophulla ........-.------------
. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia elegans .........---.------------
. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia glandulosa ........--------------
. Flower and sterile stamen of Lopezia o@xacana .....---.------------
. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia palmeri........----.------------
. Flower and flower parts of Lopezia parvula.......------------------
5. Flower and petal of Lopezia pringlei ........-------------------+---
. Flower and stamen of Lopezia smithtt .........---------------------
. Flower and stamen of Lopezia stricta...........---.----------------
. Flower of Lopezia violacea.....-...---------------- 2-0 ee eee ee eee
261
STUDIES OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN
PLANTS—NO. 6."
By J. ». Rose.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES.
This paper consists largely of descriptions of new species found in
the process of naming large collections from Mexico, or in revising
various genera of Mexican plants. It forms the sixth of this series
and differs little, in its scope from previous ones. The collections
studied have been chiefly those mentioned in my last paper, together
with material received during the year 1906. A somewhat detailed
account of my sixth journey through Mexico will not be out of place
here.
On July 26 I was authorized by Dr. R. Rathbun, Assistant Secretary
in charge of the National Museum, to proceed to Mexico for the pur-
pose of continuing my botanical explorations there. By the kindness
of Dr. N. L. Britton, Director of the New York Botanical Garden,
who placed a generous sum from the Garden funds at my disposal, I
was enabled to take an assistant with me from Washington. I left
Washington August 1 accompanied by my son, Joseph S. Rose, for
the city of Mexico. En route for that city | made short stops at San
Antonio and Laredo, Texas, where small collections were obtained.
The City of Mexico was reached August 10, and for several days there-
after I was engaged in establishing suitable headquarters in that city.
Some time was also spent at the herbarium of the Instituto Medico
Nacional, where every facility was given to help me in my work. <A
short trip was also made during this time to the pedregal near Tlalpam,
where a number of cacti and ferns were obtained. In the city of
Mexico I was joined by Dr. C. G. Pringle and his assistant, Filemon
Lozano; who accompanied me on various side trips. From the City of
Mexico short trips were made to Cuernavaca, El Parque, Querétaro,
Pachuca, and various places in the valley of Mexico, including one for
water lilies to Lake Xochimileo. Toward the end of August I was
joined in the city of Mexico by Dr. D. T. MacDougal and soon after-
wards we changed our base to Tehuaciin, Puebla. Here we explored
the limestone hills on both sides of the town, making large collections
¢Continued from Vol. X, p. 182, of the Contributions.
259
260 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
of herbarium specimens and selecting exhibition specimens of cacti,
which were shipped to the New York Botanical Garden. From Te-
huacan side trips were made along the tramway toward Esperanza and
to Oaxaca city, and from the latter point Mitla was visited, where two
days were spent in and about Tomellin Cafon. <A short trip was
made to Vera Cruz and also to Leon, after which I closed up my field
work and returned to Washington.
The herbarium material collected contains more than 500 numbers
(11001-11534), a full set of which has been mounted for the National
Herbarium. .
In addition to the herbarium material 236 specimens of seeds, bulbs,
and succulents (chiefly cacti) were collected and sent to Washington.
At the same time a nearly full set of the cacti was selected and
shipped to the New York Botanical Garden. Many of these latter
specimens were of immense size and form striking exhibition objects.
The following table will show in detail the places visited, the date
of each visit, and the number of miles traveled in course of this trip:
ITINERARY.
1906, Miles.
Aug. 10. City of Mexico to Tlalpam, Distrito Federal and return. ........-- 15
13. City of Mexico to Cuernavaca, by rail.......2.2..2----2--------- 74
14. Cuernavaca to pedregal and return .......-....------------------ 16
15, Cuernavaca to City of Mexico and return, by rail......-.---.----- v4
17. City of Mexico to El Parque and return, by rail......-.-.-------- 114
20. City of Mexico to Querétaro, by rail......------.----.-----.------- 153
24. Querétaro to City of Mexico, by rail...-.......------------------ 153
31. City of Mexico to Tehuacéin, by rail.........2-.--.--------.----- 208
Sept. 1. El Riego to hills east of Tehuacdin and return...-.......--------- 10
3. Tehuacin to Oaxaca City, by rail......22....222-------2--------- 148
5,6. Oaxaca city to Mitla and return, by stage -.........2-2..--.------ 70
7. Oaxaca city to Santa Catalina, by train ........-.2.2--.----..---- 45
7. Santa Catalina to Tomellin station........--.------. .------------ 22
8. Tomellin to Tehuacdn, by rail.....-...--2-2-------------------- $1
14. Tehuacan toward Esperanza and return, by tramway.........-.-- 30
17. Tehuacan to Esperanza, by tramway.........---.-.------------- 31
17. Esperanza to Orizaba, by rail...........2.--.-------------------- 30
18. Orizaba to Vera Cruz, by rail.......-..-----.-------------------- 30
20. Vera Cruz to City of Mexico, by rail......2.-.2.------------ _.-- Al
23. City of Mexico to Pachuca, Hidalgo, by rail..-..-.-..------------ 61
24. Pachuca to Sierra de Pachuca and return........-.-.------------- 10
24. Pachuea to City of Mexico.............--..--------------------- 61
26. City of Mexico to Xochimilco and return............------------ 15
28. City of Mexico to Leon Guanajuato, by rail......-2...2.222------ 259
29. Leon to San Luis Potosf, by rail.....---.-.-----.---------------- 244
CYCADACEAE
A NEW SPECIES OF DIOON.
Dioon purpusii Rose, sp. noy.
Trunk short, crowned by numerous leaves, these often a meter or more long, stiff
and ascending; petioles somewhat 4-angled; pinnie 5 to 9 cm. long, stiff, pungent,
towards the base, 1 to 1.5 cm. apart, above closely set, entire on the lower margin,
PLATE XX.
"ASO HINWA
q109 vanyvonvag
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 261
but usually with 1, 2, or rarely 3 sharp spine-like teeth on the upper margin; male
cones 15 to 20 cm. long, the bracts with recurved ovate tips; female cones ovate, 44
cm. long by 20 em. broad near the base; bracts very woolly, 10 to 15 cm. long; seeds
about 4 cm. in diameter.
Collected by D. T. MacDougal and J. N. Rose, September 7, 1906, in Tomellfn
Cafion, Oaxaca (Rose 11352, type), and by C. A. Purpus in Sierra Mixteca, Puebla, in
1908.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 454142.
The specimens found by MacDougal and Rose were in a deep canyon
well shaded by bushes and small trees. Both male and female cones
were taken and also a living plant. The latter is now growing in the
conservatory of the New York Botanical Garden, where also are pre-
served the cones. In 1908 Dr. Purpus collected seeds and bracts.
GNETACEAE.
A NEW SPECIES OF EPHEDRA.
I was much surprised to find an Ephedra on the desert plain about
Tehuacin, as none had been reported farther south than San Luis
Potosi. This one is so clearly distinct from those of northern Mexico
that I do not hesitate to describe it as new.
Ephedra compacta Rose, sp. nov.
A low very compact shrub, 30 to 50 em. high with many numerous short spines-
cent branches, at first light green but becoming very pale; leaves opposite, high-con-
nate; male flowers not seen; fruit scales in pairs, high-connate, when mature form-
ing a small red fleshy fruit; seeds 2.
Collected by J. N. Rose and J. 8S. Rose near Tehuaciin, September, 1906 (no. 11274,
type), and at same station by Rose and Painter, August and September, 1905 (no.
10023).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 454055.
Nearest F. pedunculata Engelm., but lower, of much more compact habit, and with
paler and less fluted stems. |
LILIACEAE.
A NEW SPECIES OF BEAUCARNEA.
Since publishing my enumeration of the species of Beaucarnea in
volume 10, page 87, of this publication, an additional species has been
sent me by Mr. E A. Goldman, of the Biological Survey, Department
of Agriculture, which is here described:
Beaucarnea goldmanii Rose, sp. nov. PuaTeE XX,
Tall slender tree with swollen base; leaves hanging, 80 to 90 cm. long, 3 em. broad
at the base, 1 to 1.5 em. broad a short distance above the base, tapering toward the
apex into a long acumination 20 to 30 cm. long, smooth on both surfaces, the margin
nearly or quite smooth; inflorescence a panicle 30 to 50 cm. long; pedicels 8 to 10 mm-
long, jointed near the middle; fruit somewhat glaucous, 18 to 20 mm. long, broadly
3-winged, notched at base and apex.
Collected by E. A. Goldman at San Vicente, Chiapas, April 26, 1904 (no, 887).
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 566461.
262 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
This species resembles somewhat Bb. guateimalensis, but has the leaves larger and
the fruit narrower, glaucous, and less notched at apex.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XX.—Two views of the type tree reproduced from photographs taken by
Mr. E. A.‘Goldman. These are here used through the courtesy of the Biological Survey of the
Department of Agriculture.
A NEW SPECIES OF BESCHORNERIA.«
Very little is known about the species of Beschorneria in Mexico
itself, although I believe the genus is endemic to that country. All
the species have been described from greenhouse material. In 1906
Dr. Pringle rediscovered 2. yuecordes in the mountains above Pachuca
and later in the season he took me tod the locality, where I collected
material both for the herbarium and for the greenhouse. While
studying this material I reached the conclusion that certain material
from San’ Luis Potosi, heretofore referred to 2. tub/fora, represents a
new species, and this is here described:
Beschorneria rigida Rose, sp. nov.
Leaves numerous, erect, rather rigid, 30 cm. long, 2 em. or less broad, narrowing
into a long acumination, roughened on both surfaces; inflorescence about a meter
long; bracts 15 to 20 em. long, large, purplish, each subtending 2 to 4 flowers; whole
flower 4.5 cm. long; perianth segments dull in color, usually greenish yellow, some-
what scabrous; stamens shorter than the segments; capsule oblong in outline, 3 cm.
long; seeds black.
The following specimens have been examined:
San Luis Potosi: Near Alvarez, Palmer & Parry, 1878 (no. 866); same station,
Dr. It. Palmer, May, 1905 (no. 598, type).
Guanajuato: Near San Felipe, Dr. G Baroetta, 1904 (Economic herbarium U.S.
Department of Agriculture).
The type is U. 8. National Herbarium no. 570098.
This has heretofore been taken for B. tubifiora, but a careful reading of the original
description of Furcraea tubiflora clearly excludes it. The leaves are narrower, erect,
rough on both surfaces, the flowers more numerous and duller in color.
Dr. G. Barroetta, of San Luis Potosi, reports that this species is a fiber plant.
RAFFLESIACEAE.
THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF PILOSTYLES.
The first species of Pilostyles found in North America was collected
by Dr. Geo, Thurber in L850 in southwestern Arizona. Between that
time and 1890 no additional species were found, but since the latter
date much material, embracing several new species, has been received
at the National Herbarium, especially from Mexico. Prof. Solms-
Laubach, who monographed the genus in 1901, recognized but two
species in North America.
The material now on hand contains 8 species, four of which are here
first described. All our American species are found on three genera
of Leguminosae.
aA. Berger has recently published another new species: Beschorneria pubescens
Berger, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 1. 1907.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 263
A list of these hosts and the localities from which they came is as
follows:
HOSTS OF SPECIES OF PILOSTYLES.
Host. Parasite, Locality.
Parosela canescens Rose. Pilostyles glomerata. Tehuacdin, Puebla.
Parosela emoryi (A. Gray) Pilostyles thurberi. Southwestern Arizona.
Heller.
Parosela formosa (Torr.) Vail. _ Pilostyles covillei. Texas.
Parosela hospes Rose. Pilostyles pringlei. Near Monterey, Nuevo Leon.
Parosela leucostoma Rose. Pilostyles palmeri. San Luis Potosf.
Parosela microphylla Rose. Pilostyles sp. Sierra del Mesa, Hidalgo.
Parosela tuberculata Rose. Pilostyles sessilis. Hidalgo and Querétaro.
Bauhinia lunarioides A. Gray. — Pilostyles globosa. Near Monterey, Nuevo Leon.
Calliandra grandiflora Benth. —_Pilostyles mexicana. Zacualpan, Vera Cruz.
The following are the North American species:
Pilostyles covillei Rose, sp. nov. Figure 20,
Similar to P. glomerata, but the flowers smaller (2 mm. long), style wanting, sta-
mens in three rows; ovary slightly 4-
lobed within; ovules covering the whole
wall. ‘
The host is Parosela formosa (Torr.)
Vail.
Collected by Frederick V. Coville at !
Matador ranch, Dickens County, Texas, c
June 14, 1894 (no. 1860, type), between
Big Springs and Dorwood ranch, Texas, F's. 20.—Flowers of Pilostyles covillei. a, Female
flower, the ovary exposed; b, cross seetion of
9, 1904 (no. 1891). , ; . .
June 19, 190 (n ‘ ) ovary; c. longitudinal section of male flower.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. gaajeg,
500506.
Pilostyles globosa (8. Wats.) Solms-Laub. in Ingler, Pflanzenreich IV. 75:
14. 1901.
Apodanthes globosa 3. Wats. in Robins. Bot. Gaz, 16: 84. 1901.
Host Bauhinia lunarioides A. Gr.
Pilostyles glomerata Rose, sp. nov. FIGuRE 21,
Flowers 3 mm. long and nearly as broad at base; female flowers usually on
separate host plants; bracts and sepals 4 each, dark brown with lighter margins,
more or less unequal, orbicu-
lar to shortly oblong, rounded
at apex; petals 4, purple,
rounded at apex; style short
but distinct, stigma cap large,
bearing asmall cone at apex;
ovary one-celled, 4-lobed
within, the inner surface
covered with ovules; male
flowers with similar bracts
Fig, 21.—Flowers of Pilostyles glomerata, a, Female flower, the and perianth parts; stamen
ovary exposed; 6, eross section of same; c, male flower.
Scale 6,
column short but distinct,
with a broad rounded cap,
anthers wanting (apparently few, as the band upon which they stand is very
narrow).
The host is a Parosela, perhaps 2. canescens Rose,
264 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Collected by Rose and Painter in two localities near Tehuacdin, Puebla, September
1905 (no. 8942). This species was very common, but collectors might easily over-
look it.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 453435.
The flowers occur in great. masses on the lower parts of the stem and branches of
the host, often retarding its growth and doubtless eventually causing its death.
Pilostyles mexicana (Brandeg.) Rose.
Apodanthes mexicana Brandeg. Zoe 5: 244. 1908.
Host Calliandra grandiflora Benth.
Pilostyles palmeri Rose, sp. nov. FIGurE 22,
Somewhat similar to P. glomerata, but flowers smaller (2 mm. long), the bracts
and sepals deep purple, the petals
nearly white or tinged with pink, the
style sessile, the ovary with the 4
placentas hardly indented, and the
ovules borne in definite lines.
Only the female flowers are known.
The host plant is also a Parosela,
probably P. leucostoma Rose.
Collected by Dr. E. Palmer near
FIG. 22.—Flowers of Pilostyles palmeri. a, Female Alvarez, San Luis Potosf, May, 1905
flower, the ovary exposed; b, cross section of ovary; (no, 584).
c, male flower, interior exposed, Scale 6, Type U. S. National Herbarium no.
570088.
a
Pilostyles pringlei (S. Wats.) Rose.
Apodanthes pringlei S. Wats. in Robins. Bot. Gaz. 16:83. 1891.
Host Parosela hospes Rose.
Pilostyles sessilis Rose sp. nov. FIGURE 28,
Similar to P. glomerata, but bract and sepals deep purple, stigma sessile, inside
walls of the capsule irregularly rugose, covered with seeds throughout.
The male flowers also have a sessile column and the stamens form a broad band of
4 rows.
The male flowers are described from specimens collected by Mr. Rose near Ixmi-
quilpan, Hidalgo, in 1905 (no. 9041). Only a single plant infested by this parasite
was here found, although diligent search was made for others. The female flowers
c a
a b
Fig, 23.—Flowers of Pilostyles sessilis. a, Female flower, the ovary exposed; b, longitudinal section of
same; c, transverse section of ovary; d, longitudinal section of male flower. Scale 6.
are described from specimens collected by Rose and Painter on the Hacienda
Ciervo, Querétaro, August 20, 1905 (no. 9636). Many specimens of the host were
found infested, and a large series of herbarium specimens were collected.
The host in both the cases is a Parosela, probably P. tuberculata Rose,
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 463127.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXlI.
PILOSTYLES THURBERI A. GRAY.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 265
Pilostyles thurberi A. Gray, Mem. Am. Acad. I. 5: 326. 1854. Pirate XXI.
Host Parosela emoryi (A. Gray) Heller.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXI.—Plant of Parosela schottit bearing numerous individuals. Fig. 1,
longitudinal section of branch showing mode of attachment of the parasite; 2, a fertile flower; 3,
transverse section of flower; 4; longitudinal section of the same; 5, an ovule detached, highly magni-
fied. Reproduction of plate 52, Torrey, Botany of the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey.
RANUNCULACEAE.
A NEW AQUILEGIA FROM THE HIGH MOUNTAINS.
Aquilegia madrensis Rose, sp. nov.
Stems 1 to 1.2 meters high, much branched above, pubescent becoming glabrate
below; basal leaves long-petioled, triternate; leaflets usually on slender petioles, 2.5
em. or less long, sometimes sessile, cuneate at base, irregularly cut or lobed, pale
green above, much paler beneath, pubescent; flowers nodding; sepals broadly ovate,
acuminate, 15 to 18 mm. long, puberulent; petals with a greenish rounded limb, the
spur 4.cem. long, very much contracted below the middle, pale red in color; carpels
5, strongly nerved.
Collected by J. N. Rose and E, A. Goldman on the Sierra Madre west of Bolafios,
September 15 to 17, 1897 (no. 2954).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 301908.
The species while near Aquilegia skinneri must be distinct, judging from the descrip-
tions and colored figure of that species. The plant is taller and not glabrous like A.
skinneri, the sepals broader, the leaf segments different, while the flowers are paler.
Aquilegia skinner is a Guatemala species and is perhaps restricted to that country.
The Mexican specimens labeled A. skinneri which T have seen seem best referable to
this species. These are Dr. EK. Palmer's no. 336 from Chihuahua, collected in 1885,
and Dr. Pringle’s no. 1182 from the same State, collected in 1887.
CAPPARIDACEAE.
THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF WISLIZENIA.
Dr. E. L. Greene has published in the Proceedings of the Biological
Society of Washington“ a revision of the genus Wislizenia. Of the
ten species enumerated by him five are attributed to Mexico, while
two or three of the others may be looked for on the Mexican side of
the border. Of the new species distributed three were collected by the
writer in Mexico. Of my collections Dr. Greene has this to say in
his preface:
“While pursuing this line of research, Mr. J. N. Rose pleasantly
surprised me by bringing forth a series of species of his own gather-
ing in Sonora and Lower California, upon which he had undertaken a
critical study long since, which study had been interrupted, and these,
together with the manuscript on them, he generously submitted to
me, as an aid to this general revision, His own Sonoran species,
both of them well marked in character, conclude the subjoined list of
species, nm »stly new.”
Wislizenia pacalis Gireene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 131. 1906.
“Branches stout, often tortuous or flexuous, not quite glabrous, red-dotted, or
purplish; leaflets always 3, oblong, usually very obtuse or even retuse or emarginate,
a Volume 19, pp. 127-182.
266 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
2 to 38cm. long; racemes remarkably short, sessile; fruit short, only 3 to4 mm. wide;
carpels mostly round-obovate, in some specimens longer and subpyriform, the
prominent striae 5 only, ending in a more or less distinct low tubercle, the inter-
vening spaces conspicuously reticulate.
‘‘La Paz, Lower, California, 1890, Dr. Edw. Palmer, his no. 88 as in U.S. Herb.
the type; but collected earlier—namely, in 1889—at San Juanico by Brandegee, and at
the same place by Anthony in 1897. Also in 1897 it was collected at La Paz by Mr.
Rose, no. 1311 as in U. 8. Herb.; but these specimens have longer and even acutish
leatlets; but the peculiarly reticulate carpels are about the same in all and are far
more like those of the Texan and original W. refracta than like those of W. palmeri;
and Mr. Rose found himself unable to refer them to either species; his label bearing,
in his hand, nothing but the name of the genus.”
Wislizenia fruticosa Greene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 131. 1906.
Only known from a single collection in Lower California.
Wislizenia palmeri Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 622. 1873.
Only known from the region at the head of the Gulf of California.
Wislizenia costellata Rose; Greene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 132. 1906.
“Growing parts minutely and sparsely scaberulous; whole herbage more than
usually glaucous, the branches very leafy, somewhat tortuous; leaves and their peti-
oles of about equal length; leaflets cuneate-obovate, obtuse, only 1.5 to 2 em. long;
racemes subsessile, 1 to 1.5 dm. long; fruit only 3 mm. wide, the carpels at sum-
mit almost as thick as long, truncate at both ends, marked longitudinally by 5 or
6 ribs and many intervening closely compacted strive, the main ribs gradually thicker
toward the summit, where each ends in a stout low tubercle.
“Sonora, Mexico, between Nogales and Guaymas, June 4, 1897, J. N. Rose, no.
I294: type specimens in the U. 8. National Herbarium. Easily distinet from W. re-
fracta by the very short and thick strongly ribbed carpels, which are also truncate at
the apex.”’
Wislizenia mamillata Rose; Greene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash, 19: 132. 1906.
“Glabrous; leaves on slender petioles nearly as long as the leaflets, the latter also
conspicuously petiolulate, the blade narrowly oblong, acutish, 2 to 3 em. long; fruiting
raceme stout and elongated, 10 to 20 em. long, short-peduncled; fruit about 6.5 mm.
wide, the carpels shuttlecock-shaped, coarsely and somewhat turgidly striate, not at
all reticulate, somewhat constricted above the base, thence abruptly widening toa
broad and strongly mamillate-tuberculate summit.
‘““Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico, June, 1887, Edw. Palmer, no. 74; also by J. N. Rose
at the same place, June, 1897, Dr. Palmer’s specimens having been distributed for
W. palmeri; but in characters of fruit the plant is extremely different from IV. palmeri,
and even the foliage is all trifoliolate, while in W. palmeri all the leaves are simple,
or unifoliolate.’’
CAESALPINIACEAE.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF CASSIA.
In the last number of these studies I published four species of Cas-
sia. Since then two additional species have been discovered and these
are here described.
Cassia articulata Rose, sp. nov.
A shrub, two meters high, the young parts densely stellate-pubescent; leaflets
usually 4 pairs, ovate, 1.5 to 3.5 em. long, acute or obtuse, densely stellate-pubescent
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 267
on both surfaces; rachis as well as pedicels and sepals also densely stellate-pubescent;
gland between leaflets of lower pair narrow-elongated; pods 6 to 8 cm. long; many-
jointed, strongly stipitate.
Collected by C. A. Purpus at San Pablo, near San José del Cabo, Lower California,
in 1901 (no. 287, type) and by Nelson and Goldman between Miraflores and San
Bernardino ranch, in Sierra La Laguna, Lower California, January, 1906 (no, 7418),
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 470361.
This species is nearest C. villosus, but has small and differently shaped leaflets, a
much narrower gland between the leaflets, fewer-flowered inflorescence, and per-
haps a longer stipe to the pods.
Cassia macdougaliana Rose, sp. nov.
A low compact shrub, 30 to 60 em. high; branches puberulent; stipules ovate,
acute, dry, subpersistent; leaflets usually 3 or 4 pairs, short-oblong, 3 to 5 mm. long,
mucronately tipped, glabrous above, puberulent beneath, thickish, the veins indis-
tinct above, somewhat prominent beneath, rachis puberulent, bearing a stipitate
cup-shaped gland; flowers borne toward the ends of the short branches, axillary,
solitary; peduncle slender, puberulent; sepals membranaceous, obtuse; petals large,
deep yellow, pods 3 em. long, flat, nearly glabrous.
Collected by J. N. Rose in company with Dr. D. T. MacDougal near Tehuaciin,
Puebla, September 1, 1906 (no. 11253, type) and near the same locality by Rose and
Hay in August, 1901 (no, 5888).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 454036.
This species is nearest C. gregyi/, from northern Mexico, but differs in its shorter,
less glossy, and less reticulated leaflets.
Casvia greggit was referred by Bentham to his subgenus Chamaecrista, and it has
since keen transferred to the genus Chamaecrista, but its relationship is clearly not
there.
ANEW SPECIES AND TWO CHANGES OF NAME IN CHAMAECRISTA.
A careful review of the various species of Chamaecrista in Mexico
has brought to light one undescribed species and revealed the necessity
of one change of name and one transfer from Cassia to Chamaecrista.
Chamaecrista amplistipulata Rose, sp. nov.
Suffrutescent and branching at base; stems somewhat zigzag, angled, glabrous, 20
to 30 cm. long; leaves closely set, 4 to 8 cm. long; stipules broadly ovate, tapering
into a spinescent point, strongly nerved, long-ciliate; leaflets 30 to 40 or even more
pairs, linear, 3 to 7 mm. long, acute, thickish, strongly 3-nerved below, either gla-
brous or ciliate; gland cup-shaped, sessile; flower buds acuminate; sepals thin,
puberulent; petals 12 mm. long; ovary cinereous-pubescent; pod 38 to 4 cm. long,
slightly hairy.
Collected by E. W. Nelson near Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca, July 18, 1894 (no, 2850).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 229222,
This species belongs in Bentham’s series Coriaccae of Chamaecrista, but it seems
not very near any species described by him.
Chamaecrista chamaecristoides (Collard.) Rose.
Cassia chamaecristoides Collard. Hist. Cass, 154. 1816.
Cassia cinerea Cham, & Schlecht. Linnaea 5: 599, 1830.
Chamaecrista cinerea Pollard; Heller, Cat. N. Am, Pl. ed. 2. 5. 1900, as to synonym,
not as to plant.
In 1768 Miller described in his Dictionary a plant from Vera Cruz, Mexico, col-
lected by Houston, which he referred to Cassia chamaecrista 1. In 1816 Collardon
64368—voL 12, pr 7—09 2
268 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
described his CL chamaecristoides, basing it on this same plant of Houston’s. In 1830
Chamisso & Schlechtendahl described their Cassia cinerea from a plant growing in
the sands of Vera Cruz, identical with Houston’s plant. This name.has since been
used, but must now give place to the earlier name of Collardon. Bentham has
referred C. chamaecristoides to C. procumbens, but surely this isa mistake. In a note
he states that some of the larger specimens seem to approach (. cinerea.
Chamaecrista leptadenia ((;reenm.) Rose.
Cassia leptadenia Greenm. Proc. Am. Acad. 41: 238. 1905.
VICIACEAE.
FIVE NEW SPECIES OF BRONGNIARTIA.
The genus Brongniartia is chiefly Mexican and in Mexico is repre-
sented by many species. Of these Mr. Hemsley enumerated 17 in the
Biologia Centrali-Americana, but at present the number described
(including the following) reaches about 30. While a synopsis of the
genus was being prepared several additional species were discovered,
five of which are here described.
Brongniartia peninsularis Rose, sp. nov.
A shrub, 2 to 3 meters or more high with many slender, more or less zigzag,
branches, when young densely silky-pubescent; stipules leaflike, broadly lanceolate,
10 mm. long; leaflets 5 to 13, lanceolate, acute, 1 to 2. cm. long, with appressed cin-
ereous pubescence on both surfaces; flowers axillary; peduncle 2 to 2.5 em. long,
pubescent, bibracteate at base; bracts probably large; calyx tube glabrous, the lobes
pubescent on the margin and inner surface; corolla 1.5 em. or more long; pods gla-
brous, shining, 4 cm. long.
Collected by EK. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman about 5 miles southwest of El
Potrero, Lower California, October 31, 1905 (no. 7236).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 5653821.
This species is quite unlike B. trifoliata, the only other species from Lower Cali-
fornia, as well as the other Mexican species.
Brongniartia .asiocarpa Rose, sp. nov.
Low bush, 30 to 40 cm. high; young branches densely pubescent; leaves small for
the genus; leaflets 11 to 17, oblong to orbicular, 5 to 7 mm. long, obtuse, mucronate,
glabrate and shining above, somewhat hairy beneath, rather thick, more or less
reticulate on both surfaces; flowers axillary; fruiting peduncle only 5 to 7 mm. long,
bearing small bractlets near the top; calyx tube and lobes very hairy without; pod
2 cm. long, very pubescent.
Common on hills near Tehuacin, collected by J. N. Rose, August 1, 2, 1901 (no.
5910), and again in September, 1906 (no. 11256, type); and by C. A. Purpus in
June, 1903.
This species differs from all others which I have seen in its very hairy pods.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 454039.
Brongniartia parvifolia Rose, sp. nov.
A low, spreading shrub 15 to 45 em. high; young parts very pubescent; leaflets 19 to
31, crowded, narrowly elliptical, mucronate, 6 to 10 mm, long, pubescent on both
sides; stipules in size and shape much as the leaflets; peduncles axillary, solitary,
about 10 mm. long, pubescent; bracts subtending the calyx ovate, acute, hairy; calyx
glabrous, 2-lipped, the tube 3 to 4 mm. long; upper lip 2-toothed; lower lip cut into
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 269
3 lanceolate acute lobes, both teeth and lobes pubescent on the margin; corolla
“dark red;’’ pods 2.5 to 3 em. broad, 1 or 2-seeded.
Collected by Mr. E. W. Nelson on the road between San Geronimo and La Venta,
State of Oaxaca, July 18, 1895 (no. 2777).
A peculiar looking species for Brongniartia.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 229365.
Brongniartia revoluta Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub 60 to 90 cm. high; leaves rather small for the genus; leaflets 9 to 13, oblong,
4 to 18 mm. long, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent beneath, the margin revolute;
flowers axillary; bracts at the base of the tube pubescent; pods cuneate at. base,
glabrous, 3 to 4 cm. long, 2 or 3-seeded.
Collected by E. W. Nelson on west slope of Mount Zempoaltepec, Oaxaca, July 3
to 13, 1894 (no. 564).
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no. 469218.
Brongniartia goldmanii Rose, sp. nov.
Small tree 2 to 38 meters high; pubescence on young parts short, dense, spreading;
leaflets 7 to 9, shortly oblong, 2 cm. or less long, rounded or even retuse at apex,
pubescent on both surfaces when young, but soon glabrate above; flowers axillary on
peduncles 10 mm. or less long; bracts at base of calyx orbicular, 7 mm. long, pubes-
cent; calyx tube hairy; pods subsessile, never exserted above the calyx tube, 4 em.
long, glabrous.
Collected by KE. A. Goldman on road from Las Flechas to La Rastra, Sinaloa, Feb-
ruary 22, 1899 (no. 322).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 360243.
NEW SPECIES AND NEW COMBINATIONS UNDER CRACCA.
The need of a careful revision of the Mexican species known under
Tephrosia has long been apparent to the writer, who has several times
studied them with the hope of presenting a synopsis, but so many of the
older species are still poorly represented in our American herbaria
that it has not seemed hitherto nor does it yet seem wise to attempt a
revision. Most of the existing descriptions have been studied, how-
ever, and a large series of recently collected specimens have been
examined, resulting in the description of a number of new species.
The substitution of the older name Cracca also requires the making of
a number of new combinations, a part of which are here presented.
The excuse for publishing thus fragmentarily on this genus is that
my correspondents desire names. in order that they may publish upon
or distribute their material, and particularly. that several species are
found to be the hosts of fungi and their names are wanted in this con-
nection.
Cracca affinis (S. Wats.) Rose.
Tephrosia affinis 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 424. 1886.
Cracca cuernavacana Rose, sp. nov.
Stems herbaceous, 60 to 90 cm. high, clothed with rusty appressed hairs; leaflets
thin, 9 to 12 pairs, elliptical-oblong, obtuse, mucronate at tip, glabrous above,
appressed-pubescent beneath, 15 to 25 mm. long; racemes axillary, rather short and
dense-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate; pedicels, calyx, and banner clothed
270 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
with rusty appressed pubescence; calyx lobes linear; pods straight, glabrous except
a few hairs on the valves.
Collected by C. G, Pringle on wooded slopes of the barranca above Cuernavaca
in 1896 (no, 6327).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 461989.
Nearest Cracca affinis, but with thinner leaflets, denser spikes, and broader bracts.
Cracca diversifolia Rose, sp. nov. Figure 24.
Plant suffrutescent, the cespitous stems less than a meter in height, herbaceous,
densely pubescent; leaflets 1 to 5, oblong, 3 to 8 cm. long, obtuse, a little
narrowed at base, thickish, glabrous
above, with densely matted white
pubescence beneath; inflorescence a
short dense terminal raceme or some-
times becoming paniculate; calyx very
pubescent, either white or brownish;
petals violet-colored; banner nearly
orbicular, pubescent without.
Collected by C. G. Pringle near
‘Uruapan, November 14, 1905 (no.
13697).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no,
462389,
Fic. 24.—Calyx of Cracca diversifolia, Scale 2. Nearest Cracea sericea, but still very
different.
Cracca langlassei (Micheli) Rose.
Tephrosia langlassei Micheli, Mem, Sov. Phys. Nat. Geneve 84: 250, pl. 3. 1908.
Cracca major (Micheli) Rose.
Tephrosia major Micheli, Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Geneve 34: 251. pl. 4. 1903.
Cracca multifolia Rose.
Tephrosia multifolia Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 320. 1895.
Cracca palmeri (S. Wats.) Rose.
Tephrosia palmeri $8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 46. 1889.
Cracca platyphylla Rose, sp. nov. Figure 25,
Perhaps shrubby at base, low, about 30 cm. high, densely pubescent; leaves
simple, shortly oblong, 4 to 6 cm. long, roundish at apex, subsessile, glabrate
above, woolly-pubescent beneath; inflor-
escence very compact; calyx lanate; banner
lanate without; petals ‘‘rich rose red;”’
pods not seen.
Collected by E. W. Nelson on a dry
hillside in pine woods between Mascota
and San Sebastidin, Jalisco, March 14, 1897
(no. 4062).
Type U. S. National Herbarium no.
327035.
Most nearly related to Cracca major,
but the leaves always simple and covered
beneath with a very different pubescence
and the inflorescence much more compact.
Fig, 25.—Calyx of Cracea platyphylla, Scale 2
Cracca rhodantha (Brandeg.) Rose.
Tephrosia rhodantha Brandeg. Zoe 5: 201. 1905.
Perennial 60 to 90 em. high; branches weak and somewhat spreading, hirsute;
leaves pinnate; common petiole very short; rachis 10 to 14 em. long; leaflets 9 to 17,
opposite, oblong, 18 to 30 mm. long, obtuse or retuse, appendiculate, strigose-
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 271
pubescent; racemes axillary, elongate, 12 to 40 cm. long; rachis flattened; flowers in
clusters of threes; pedicels 4 to 6 mm. long; calyx lobes filiform; the two upper
slightly united; corolla light purple; banner orbicular, obtuse, 12 to 14 mm. in diam-
eter; keel obtuse; stamens 10, axillary, one free; ovary pubescent; style pubescent on
the inner margin; legume linear, 5 to 7.5 cm. long, strigose.
Collected by Dr. E. Palmer in grassy flats at the mouth of a ravine near Lodiego,
Sinaloa, October 9 to 15, 1891 (no. 1619).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 305315.
Cracca sericea (S. Wats.) Rose.
Clitoria sericea S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 407. 1887.
Cracca tenella (A. Gray) Rose.
Tephrosia tenella A, Gray, Pl. Wright, 2: 36. 1853.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF DIPHYSA.
The genus Diphysa, a characteristic arid tropical genus, has a wide
distribution in Mexico, but only a few species have been described.
After a somewhat exhaustive study of the genus | wish to propose
the three following species:
Diphysa occidentalis Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub or small tree, glabrous throughout; leaflets about 20, oblong, acute; inflo-
rescence few-flowered, sometimes only 1 or 2-flowered; calyx glabrous, except the
ciliate lobes; petals yellow; pods oblong, much inflated, 4 to 8 mm. long, subsessile.
Specinens examined;
Sonora: Guaymas, Dr. FE. Palmer, 1887 (no. 198, type).
Colima: Manzanillo, Dr. E. Palmer, December 1 to 31, 1890 (no. 890); city of
Colima, M. FE. Jones, July 2, 1892 (no. 177).
Sinaloa: Culiacan, Dr. E. Palmer, August 27 to September 15, 1891 (no, 1498).
Guerrero: Acapulco and vicinity, Dr. E. Palmer, October, 1894, to March, 1895
(no. 106a),
This species seems to have a wide range, extending down the west coast of Mexico
from Guaymas to Acapulco.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 40567.
Diphysa minutifolia Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub, 1 to 2 meters high; old branches either gray or cherry red; first year’s
branches puberulent; leaves small, narrow, 2 to 6 cm. long; stipules linear, 2 to 3
mm. long; leaflets numerous, sometimes as many as 40, small, 4 to 6 mm. long,
oblong, obtuse, pubescent when young, glabrate in age; inflorescence much reduced,
sometimes only 1 or 2-flowered; bractlets not seen, doubtless caducous; calyx
slightly pubescent, perhaps becoming glabrate; ovary pubescent; pods 4 to 5 cm,
long, inflated.
Collected by C. G. Pringle in a barranca near Cuernavaca, Morelos, June 25, 1896
(no. 6876, type), and near Yautepec, Morelos, by C. G. Pringle, May, 1904 (no.
11963); also at the latter place by Rose and Painter, August, 1903 (no. 6568).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 491996.
This species is not near any other Mexican species.
Diphysa echinata Rose, sp. noy. ,
Low shrub; young parts with some soft pubescent and many stiff yellow, almost
prickly hairs; leaflets about 12, orbicular to oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, very thin,
glabrous above, very pale and puberulent beneath; racemes about 6-flowered; pedicels
slender, 1 to 2em. long; bractletsat base of calyx ovate, 10 to 12 mm. long; calyx tube
glabrous, the margin of the lobes ciliate; corolla yellow, 2 em, long; pods not seen.
Collected by J. N. Rose between Rosario and Colomas, July 12, 1897 (no. 1603).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 300448.
272 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
NEW SPECIES AND NEW COMBINATIONS IN PAROSELA.
I have published in previous numbers of the series “ two short pa-
pers containing many species. There is still a considerable number
of the so-called Daleas which have not been transferred to Parosela,
of which some are not known to me. The following list represents
species which either are new or are old species which I have recently
studied and believe to belong to Parosela.
Through the kindness of Col. D. Prain, Director of the Royal
Botanic Gardens, Kew, and Mr. W. Botting Hemsley I have obtained
fragments from seven types of Dalea belonging to the Kew Her-
barium, all but one being of species described by Mr. Hemsley himself.
Three of these not already transferred to Parosela are here placed
under that name.
Parosela anthonyi (Brandeg.) Rose.
Dalea anthony Brandeg. Erythea 7: 2. 1899.
Parosela campylostachya Rose, sp. nov.
Perhaps annual; branches glabrous or nearly so, bearing prominent glands; leaf-
lets 21 to 45, glabrous, 2 to 3 mm. long, the margins revolute, bearing large glands
beneath, glandless above; racemes short-peduncled, many-flowered; calyx 10-ribbed,
glabrous without, bearing | or rarely 2 large glands between the ribs; teeth short
and broad, hairy within; petals purplish.
Collected by Dr. C. G. Pringle near Cieneguilla, Oaxaca, November 1, 1894 (no,
5657).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 305786.
This species was originally distributed under the name Dalea nutans, to which it is
not closely related. It is very near Parosela lasiostoma Rose, but has more numerous
and smaller leaflets, these more inclined to be revolute.
Parosela capitata (S. Wats.) Rose.
Dalea capitata 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 25: 146. 1890.
Parosela crassifolia (Hemsl.) Rose.
Dalea crassifolia Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. 1: 238. 1880.
Parosela hospes Rose, sp. nov. :
A slender shrub 2 to 3 meters high; branches slender, perfectly glabrous, more
or less purplish; leaves glabrous throughout; leaflets 5 to 7, oblong to spatulate,
retuse, sometimes simply rounded at apex, 6 to 10 mm. long, the under surface cov-
ered with glands, the upper surface simply pitted; inflorescence a weak terminal
raceme 5 to 6 cm. long; bracts broadly ovate, acute, glabrous, very glandular;
pedicels short but distinct; calyx tube short, 2 to 3 mm. long, at first very silky
without, the teeth oval and ciliate, the lower tooth a little longer; petals creamy
white to pale rose color; stamens 10; ovary somewhat hairy, containing 2 ovules.
Collected by C. G. Pringle in the Sierra Madre above Monterey, in 1888 (no. 1904,
type) and 1903 (no, 11417); also by Dr. E. Palmer in the Caracol Mountains, Coahuila,
in 1880 (no. 210).
Type U. 8. National Museum no. 24351.
Dr. 8. Watson in reporting on Dr. FE. Palmer’s plants of 1880 calls this plant a
variety of Dalea frutescens, but does not give ita name. It differs strikingly from that
species in several respects. The flowers are in racemes instead of spikes, the calyx
«Contr. Nat. Herb. 8: 302. 1905; 10: 1038. 1906.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 2738
tube is silky-pubescent instead of glabrous, the rachis is glabrous not hairy, the leat-
lets are fewer and larger, and it has a different geographical range.
The specific name is given as this plant is the host of Apodanthes pringlei S. Wats.
Parosela lutea (Cav.) Rose.
Psoralea lutea Cav. Ie. 4: 12. pl. 825, 1797.
Dalea lutea Willd. Sp. Pl. 8: 1341. 1801.
Parosela macrostachya (Moric.) Rose.
Dalea macrostachya Moric. Mem. Soc. Phys. Geneve 6: 534. pl. 5, 1833,
Parosela saffordii Rose, sp. nov.
Low bushy shrubs; branches often short and stout, glabrous; stipules persistent,
purplish; leaflets 9 to 18, oblanceolate to spatulate, 2 to 3mm. long, retuse, glabrous,
glandular beneath, rather thickish, the margins often revolute; rachis of leaf rather
thickish; stipels distinct; heads shortly peduncled, often appearing sessile; bracts
lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate; calyx hairy, the teeth filiform nearly as long as the
tube; petals purplish; keel and wings attached to the stamen tube near its base.
Collected by William E. Safford, February 3, 1907 (no. 1246). The same species
was collected in 1880 (no. 208) by Dr. E. Palmer in the Sierra Madre 40 miles
south of Saltillo and distributed as Dalea polycephala, D, polycephala, however, has
pubescent stems and leaves.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 575295.
This species is much nearer 7. formosa, but has narrow bracts and shorter calyx
teeth. The species is named in honor of Lieutenant William E. Safford, now of the
Department of Agriculture.
Parosela schaffneri (Hemsl.) Rose.
Dalea schaffneri Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. 1: 7. 1878.
Near P. lasiostoma Rose.
Parosela similis (Hemsl.) Rose.
Dalea similis Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. 1: 7. 1878.
Parosela tomentosa (Cay.) Rose.
Psoralea tomentosa Cay. Ic. 3: 21. pl. 240. 1794,
Dalea tomentosa Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 1541. 1801.
MISCELLANEOUS NEW SPECIES.
The following species are of genera which have been wholly or in
part revised by the writer.
Crotalaria gloriosa Rose, sp. nov.
Slender shrub about 2 meters high, all the young parts covered with a dense
golden-yellow pubescence; leaflets 3, lanceolate, 4 to 6 cm. long, acute, densely
pubescent on both surfaces; inflorescence a long, slender, many-flowered raceme;
bracts linear, persistent; calyx very pubescent; corolla large, 15 mm. long, very
hairy without; keel strongly pointed; pods densely silky-pubescent.
Yollected by Rose and Painter in mountains near Iguala, August 10 to 12, 1905
(no. 9412).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 452900.
This is perhaps nearest C. molliculata and (. eriocarpa, but the petals are very
hairy without, the upper surface of the leaves much more pubescent, ete.
Indigofera tumidula Rose, sp. nov.
Stem soft-wooded, 6 meters or more in height; branches herbaceous, appressed-
pubescent; leaflets 3 to 7, oblong, 3 to 4 cm. long, rounded at base and apex,
mucronately tipped, slightly appressed-pubescent on both surfaces, paler beneath;
e
274 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
raceme 7 to 12 cm. long; flowers not seen; fruit short and turgid, 5 mm. or less long,
appressed-pubescent, 2-seeded.
Collected by Dr. C. G. Pringle in Iguala Cafion, Guerrero, September 22, 1905
(no. 13693).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 462385.
This species in the shape and size of its fruit suggests 7. densiflora, but it has fewer
and larger leaflets.
Phaseolus (Leptospron) lozanii Rose, sp. nov.
A high-climbing vine; stems glabrate; leaflets 3, ovate, acuminate, 5 to 9 em. long,
glabrous on both surfaces; inflorescence including the peduncle 20 to 25 em. long;
bracts orbicular, striate; bractlets ovate, small; calyx tube glabrous without; upper
lip broad and short; lower lip 3-lobed, ovate, acute, the lower lobe a little longer;
banner broad, purplish, glabrous without; immature pods pubescent.
Collected by Dr. C. G. Pringle near Uruapan, 1907 (no. 10358).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 462493. ,
Perhaps nearest P. evernavacana, but the leatlets decidedly acuminate, and the
stems nearly glabrous.
Ramirezella pringlei Rose, sp. nov.
Tall woody vines; leaflets 3, broadly ovate, acuminate, 6 to 10 cm. long, early
glabrate, slightly reticulated; inflorescence somewhat pubescent; pedicels 10 mm. or
less long; calyx tube short and broad, the lobes ciliate; the upper lobe broad and
obtuse; the 3 lower lobes ovate, acute; corolla violet, 2 em. long.
Collected by Dr. C. G. Pringle in Iguala Cafion, October 2, 1906 (no. 13822).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 462398.
Ramirezella buseri (Micheli) Rose.
Phaseolus buseri Micheli, Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Geneve 84: 263. pl. 13. 1903.
Robinia pringlei Rose, sp. nov.
A medium-sized, apparently spineless tree; young branches with short, appressed,
often scanty pubescence; young leaves with dense, silky, brownish pubescence;
mature leaves 20 to 30 cm. long; leaflets 13 to 15, shortly oblong, 4 to 6 em. long,
rounded at base or broadly cuneate, rounded at apex, paler beneath, scantily pubes-
cent on both surfaces; racemes 10 to 15 em. long; pedicels 10 to 12 mm. long; calyx
tube broad, the upper lip notched, the lower lip 3-lobed; pod 3 to 6 em. long.
Collected by C. G. Pringle in valley near Tula, State of Mexico, altitude 19 to 40
meters, March 23, 1906 (no. 10218).
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no. 462258.
LINACEAE.
A NEW SPECIES OF LINUM.
Linum lasiocarpum Rose, sp. nov.
Annual, simple or more or less branched, 1.5 to 30 em. high, slender, glabrous
except some hairs in the inflorescence; lower leaves generally in whorls, obovate,
10 mm. or less long, obtuse, entire, not at all glandular ; upper leaves opposite or
alternate, narrower, sometimes acute, rarely toothed ; pedicels very short, 1 mm. or
less long, densely pilose ; sepals lanceolate, acute, with gland-bearing margins, the
three nerves prominent and wing-like; petals yellow, 4 mm. long; styles distinct to
the base; carpels pilose.
Collected by C. G. Pringle near Monterey, April 15, 1906 (no, 10209).
Near L cruciatum, but leaves not glandular-serrate and the sepals more strongly
nerved.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 462252.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 275
RUTACEAE.
THE GENUS MORKILLIA.
The following account of Morkillia, which recently appeared in the
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, is here reprinted (without
change except in the citations) for the sake of connection with my
other Mexican studies.
The genus Chitonia has hitherto been represented only by material collected many
years ago. Until now it has rested upon a single species, C. mexicana, Fruiting
specimens of this were collected in 1905 near Tehuacin, Mexico, and in 1906 fruit
and flowers were obtained from the same place. Some years earlier, Mr. KE. W.
Nelson had collected in Northern Mexico .
avery different species, which is here de- ay, QO
7 Hy
scribed as new. / i yw \
The name Chitonia of Mocifio & Sess¢ is; Xv \ \
j
\
a homonym of the Chitonia of D. Don, and
hence a new name is here proposed. The
genus is named Morkillia, in honor of Mr.
W. L. Morkill, general manager of the Mex-
ican Southern Railroad, who has taken a
great interest in and has contributed to the i / /
development of our explorations in southern \
Mexico. \ / /
Morkillia mexicana (Moc. & Sessé) Rose so ff
& Painter, Smithson. Mise. Coll. 50: éb
33. 1907. Figure 26. |
Chitonia mexicana Moc. & Sessé; DC. Prod, F6- 26-—(@) Leaflet and (b) mut of Morkiliéa
1: 707. 1824. mexicana. Natural size.
Shrub 3 to 5 meters. high; young branches densely pubescent; lateral leaflets 4
to 7 pairs, oblong, obtuse or at first acute, shortly petiolulate, very pubescent on
both surfaces, 3 to 5 em. long; flowers
large and showy, 8 to 9 cm. in diam-
eter; petals strongly notched, deep
purple; fruit 4 to 5 em. long with 4
lateral wings, these free at the top
and more or less ineurved, dehiscing
when mature, exposing the red aril
of the seeds ; seeds white with a black
spot at the tip.
Specimens examined:
Puebla: Near Tehuacin, Rose &
Painter, August 30, 1905 (no. 9992);
J. N. & J. S. Rose, September 2,
1906 (no. 11278); C. A. Purpus, July,
1905 (no. 1315).
Morkillia acuminata Rose &
Painter, Smithson. Misc. Coll.
50: 34. 1907. Figure 27.
Near Morkillia mexicana, but leaflets
paler above, ovate and acuminate,
more densely pubescent, flowers much smaller (6 cm. or less broad), petals less
notched, and fruit broader and nearly truncate at apex.
Fie. 27.—(a) Leaflet and (6) fruit of Morkillia acu-
minata. Natural size.
276 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Collected by Mr. E. W. Nelson on road oyer mountain between Victoria and
Jaumave Valley, altitude 240 to 750 meters, May 31, 1898 (no. 4444).
THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF PTELEA.
Dr. E. L. Greene has recently published an exhaustive treatment of
the genus Ptelea in these contributions,“ in which 14 Mexican species
are described, all but one of them as new. Three of these, however,
he has since segregated as a new generic type under the name Tara-
valia. Below will be found the eleven species of Ptelea attributed to
Mexico. Dr. Greene’s descriptions of three of these, two based by
him on material collected by the writer, the third earlier established
by the writer on material of Mr. Pringle’s, are reprinted in full.
Ptelea acutifolia Greene & Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 68. 1906.
“Twigs of the season dull chestnut-color, rather sharply and angulately rugose and
puberulent, the older glabrate, darker, obtusely and tortuously striate: leaves firm
but not subcoriaceous, deep green above, paler beneath and _ villous-strigulose,
definitely crenulate, all on elongated petioles mostly 6 to 8 em. long; odd leaflet
lance-elliptic, very acute at both ends, 5.5 to 8 em. long, the pair usually but little
smaller and of the same outline, being scarcely inequilateral: samaras small for the
foliage, transversely subquadrate-orbicular to quite orbicular, the largest and most
quadrate 2 em. wide, 1.5 em. long, such subtruncate at both ends; body very round-
ovoid, hardly as broad as the wing, lightly circumvallate, not at all sharply trans-
verse-rugose, moderately punctate; style and stipe nearly equal.
“State of Jalisco, Mexico, on the road between Huejuquillaand Mesquitec, August
25, 1897, Dr. J. N. Rose, no. 2580, as in the National Herbarium. Species not other-
wise known, and remarkable for the great length of the petioles, the. leaflets not
acuminate, though very acute.’’
Ptelea coahuilensis Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 61. 1906.
Distribution: Coahuila.
Ptelea cuspidata Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 62. 1906.
Distribution: Chihuahua.
Ptelea glauca Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 64. 1906.
Distribution: Sonora.
Ptelea laetissima Greene & Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 69. 1906.
“Twigs of the season dull red-brown, lightly rugulose, puberulent, the older dull
brown, glabrate, smoothish: leaves small, of a light very bright green above, light dull
green beneath, with faint trace of minute scattered hairiness on both faces, but to the
unaided eye glabrous; odd leaflet lanceolate, acutish at both ends, about 5 cm. long,
the pair similar and hardly inequilateral, only about half as large, all sessile, obso-
letely crenulate: samaras large for the foliage, greenish in maturity, orbicular, about
1.8 cm. long and broad, truncate at base, emarginate at apex; body oval, of less than
the width of the wing, prominently rugose, but the wrinkles not very continuously
transverse, punctuation not strong; style and stipe nearly equal, both slender yet
prominent.
‘‘Near Tehuacan, State of Puebla, Mexico, September, 1905, collected by Messrs.
Rose, Painter, and Rose (no. 9927), type in the National Herbarium. The speci.
mens being at that date in fruit nearly matured, and with foliage bright and untar-
«Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 49-78. 1906.
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 277
nished as if that of early summer at the North, are evidence that the species comes
into leaf and flower only late in summer, after the beginning of the rainy season.
‘“‘We have in the United States no Ptelea to equal this in the beauty of its bright
green almost brilliant foliage, a strong tinge of which is held by even the mature
fruit.’’
Ptelea megacarpa Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 68. 1906.
‘‘Twigs tortuously striate rather than rugulose, and with glands between the lines;
bark chestnut-colored when mature, glabrous: leaves large, of thin texture, vivid
dark-green on both faces, scarcely lighter beneath and not in the least glaucescent,
glabrous ; leaflets ovate-elliptic, the pair almost or quite as large as the odd one,
oblique rather than notably inequilateral, all cuspidately acuminate, entire, the odd
one 7 to 12 cm. long: samaras very large, thin and flat, the circumscription exactly
orbicular, abruptly subcordate at base and equally obcordate-notched at apex, both
the length and breadth about 3.5 em.; body small in proportion to the wing, circum-
vallate, transverse-rugose, almost dotless, as also the wing; style of thrice the length
of the stipe.
“Dr. Rose establishes this handsome species on Mr. Pringle’s no, 8868 (type in the
National Herbarium), from the State of Hidalgo, Mexico; and it has been so
distributed.
‘‘Mr. Pringle reports it to attain the dimensions of a small tree at about 1,600
meters altitude below Trinidad Iron Works, where it was obtained by him June 2,
1904. Flowers were collected May 10, but unhappily none but the pistillate ; so that
the character of the filaments can not be given.”’
Ptelea obtusata Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 61. 1906.
Distribution : Coahuila.
Ptelea pumila Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 61. 1906. |
Distribution: Coahuila.
Ptelea sancta Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb, 10: 63. 1906.
Distribution : Sonora.
Ptelea scutellata Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 62. 1906.
Distribution: Chihuahua.
Ptelea subintegra (rreene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 61. 1906.
Distribution: Durango.
THE SPECIES OF TARAVALIA.
Three species of Taravalia have been described, all coming from
Lower California. They are as follows:
Taravalia aptera (Parry) Greene, Leaflets 1: 223. 1906.
Ptelea aptera Parry, Proc. Davenp. Acad. 4: 39. 1884.
Distribution : Lower California.
Taravalia nucifera Greene, Leaflets 1: 222. 1906.
Ptelea nucifera Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 75. 1906.
Distribution: Lower California.
Taravalia obscura Greene, Leaflets 1: 223. 1906.
Ptelea obscura Greene, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 76. 1906.
Distribution : Lower California.
278 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
SIMARUBACEAE.
THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF CASTELA.
The species of Castela are very characteristic desert undershrubs,
and their distribution ought to be carefully worked out. The study
of our very scanty material has shown one new species, which is here
described. Also the variety of C. nichelsoné is here raised to specific
rank, The four Mexican species, one of which is very doubtful, are
the following :
Castela lychnophoroides Liebm. Vidensk. Meddel. 1853: 110. 1854.
This plant is an uncertain Castela. I have not yet been able to find it at the type
locality. The description suggests that it may not belong to this genus.
5
Castela peninsularis Rose, sp. nov.
Thorny shrub; pubescence on branches and thorns short, dense, velvety, yellowish ;
leaves cblong, 1 to 2 em. long, entire or few-toothed, somewhat revolute, the
pubescence on the under surface soft but not matted; flowers axillary, red; stamens
pubescent. .
Collected by C. A. Purpus at San José del Cabo, Lower California, March, 1901
(no. 244).
Distributed as C. tortuosa, but different in its leaves and pubescence.
Castela texana (Torr. & Gr.) Rose,
Castela nickelsoni terana Torr, & Gr, Fl. N. Am, 1: 680, 1840.
Castela tevana has generally passed as the Castela nickelsoni of the West Indies, a
very different species. Its relationship is more closely with C. tortuosa of South
Mexico, from which it differs in its somewhat narrower leaves, these more strongly
reticulated beneath and in its more yellowish pubescence.
Castela tortuosa Liebm. Vidensk. Meddel. 1853: 110, 1854.
This species has long been a desideratum in our larger herbaria. In 1905 it was
collected by Rose and Painter from near the type locality, Tehuacin, Mexico.
ADDITIONAL SPECIES OF TEREBINTHUS.
In No. 5 of this series a list of 50 species of Terebinthus was given.4
Since its preparation several new species have come to hand and these
with several others which had been overlooked are here presented.
Terebinthus acuminata Rose, sp. nov.
Small shrub, 3 to 4 meters high, the trunk and older branches shedding the bark
and becoming reddish-brown; leaves large, pinnate; rachis of leaf terete, pubescent;
leaflets 5 to 7, broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 6 to 10 em, long, glabrous or nearly so
above, somewhat pubescent beneath, especially on the veins; fruit in rather dense
racemes, shortly oblong, labrous.
Collected by J. N. Rose and Joseph H. Painter on a hill near Chapala, Jalisco,
October 5, 1903.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 451271.
Terebinthus attenuata Rose, sp. nov.
Tree; branches even when quite young perfectly glabrous; leaves large, pinnate;
aContr. Nat. Herb. 10: 117-122. 1906.
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 279
thin (at least on flowering specimens), perfectly glabrous on both surfaces except
for some tufts of hairs in the lower axils of the veins on the under surface; racemes
slender, clustered at the ends of the second-year branches, 10 to 15 cm. long, glab-
rous; pedicels slender, 1 to 2 cm. long, glabrous; immature fruit glabrous,
Collected by J. N. Rose near Colomas, Sinaloa, July 16, 1897 (no. 3213).
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no, 302178.
Terebinthus diversifolia Rose.
Bursera diversifolia Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 113. 1897,
Terebinthus laxiflora (8. Wats.) Rose.
Bursera laxiflora S. Wats. Proc. Am, Acad, 24: 44. 1889.
This is a very distinct species. The material from Lower California referred to
this species is quite distinct and will be taken up under a different specific name by
Mr. T. 8. Brandegee.
Terebinthus nelsonii Rose.
Bursera nelsonii Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 314. 1895,
Terebinthus pilosa (Engler) Rose.
Bursera graveolens pilosa Engler in DC. Monog. Phan. 4: 49. 1883.
Terebinthus pubescens (Schlecht.) Rose.
Elaphrium pubescens Schlecht. Linniwa 16: 527. 1842.
Rachis of leaf winged; leaflets 7, 3 to 5 em. long, narrowly elliptical, acute and
acuminate, cuneate at base, entire below, coarsely and irregularly toothed above,
pubescent on both sides; inflorescence as long as the leaves; calyx teeth 4, very short,
ciliate; petals 4, elliptical, obtuse, somewhat narrowed at base, glabrous.
Type locality: ‘EF campeche.”’
Probably common in Yucatan.
This species is not recognized by Dr. Engler or other writers on this genus. As
suggested by Schlechtendal, it isnear Bursera grareolens, but it is apparently distinct.
Before studying this species I had segregated from 7. graveolens material from Yuca-
tan, which I now find answers very well to 7. pubescens.
Terebinthus trijuga (Ramirez) Rose.
Bursera trijuga Ramirez, Anal. Inst. Med. Nac. 2: 16, 1896.
MALPIGHIACEAE.
THRYALLIS.
The genus Thryallis was published by Linnieus in the second edition
of his Species Plantarum” basing it upon a single species 7. drasi/7-
ensis. In 1829 Martius described two additional species 7. /ongifolia
and 7. latifolia.
These two species, however, were soon found not to be congeneric
with the original species, but instead of being taken out as a new gen-
eric type,’ were allowed to remain as Thryallis, while the true type of
that genus was transferred to Galphimia®. The following species either
are new or have been published under Galphimia,
a Page 554.
b Otto Kuntze in 1891 (Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 88) gave the name Ilemsleyna to these
species,
¢ Cay. Ie. 5: 61. 1799.
280 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES.
Leaves very pubescent ........2.2222.......---.----------- T. vestita,
Leaves quite glabrous or nearly so.
Leaves sessile. ...2..22.-22--2-2-2--20 222-2222 22 eee eee T. sessilifolia,
Leaves distinctly petioled.
Stems roughened ..........2....--2...-------------- T. tuberculata,
Stems not roughened.
Glands borne on the petiole near its middle.
Inflorescence glabrous ..-...........22.---- T. palmeri.
Inflorescence not glabrous.
Under surface of leaf more or less pubes-
cent ...... 2022 eee eee T. hirsuta.
Under surface of leaf glabrous. ........- T. humboldtiana.
Glands borne on or at the base of the blade.
Gland stalked ...........0.....------------ T. humilis.
(;lands sessile.
Mature leaves linear to linear-lanceolate. T. linifolia.
Mature leaves broader than linear.
Internodes longer than the leaves.
Petioles nearly glabrous; flowers
tinged with red........2..-. T. montana.
Petioles very pubescent; flowers
tinged with green...........-
Internodes shorter than the leaves.
Leaves lanceolate......2.....-. T. gracilis.
Leaves oblong. .
Upper leaves acute; inflores-
—
| angustifolia.
cence lax ....2.222.---2- T. glauca.
All leaves obtuse; inflores-
cence strict ...2...2.-22- T. multicaulis,
UNCERTAIN SPECIES.
T. grandiflora (Bartl.) Kunze. T. latifolia ( Bartl.) Kunze.
T. glandulosa (Cav.) Kunze. T. paniculata (Bartl.) Kunze.
Thryallis angustifolia (Benth. ) Rose.
Galphimia angustifolia Benth, Bot. Sulph 9. pl. 5, 1844.
This seems to be the common species of the west coast of Mexico, especially of
Lower California. This species has been confused with G. /inifolia Gray but is
apparently distinct. Even if the two should be combined 7. angustifolia would be
the proper name.
Thryallis glandulosa (Cav. ) Kuntze.
Thryallis glauca (Cav.) Kuntze.
Thryallis gracilis (Bartl.) Kuntze.
Thryallis grandiflora (Bartl.) Kuntze.
Thryallis hirsuta (Cav.) Kuntze.
Thryallis humboldtiana (Bartl.) Kuntze.
Thryallis humilis Rose, sp. nov.
Low bushy shrub, 30 to 60 cm. high, slightly pubescent; leaves lanceolate, 4 to 7 em.
long, 2 to 3 em, broad, glabrous, very pale beneath, acute, tapering at base into a
short petiole, somewhat revolute-margined at least in herbarium specimens, bearing
a stalked gland on each margin a little distance above the base, but these sometimes
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 281
wanting; racemes terminal, elongated, sometimes 20 em. long; pedicels slender, 1 to
1.5 em. long; sepals glabrous, obtuse, alternating with small gland-tipped appendages;
flower buds reddish; petals yellow, obtuse, 8 mm. long; fruit glabrous.
Collected by J. N. Rose on the road between Concepcién and Acaponeta, Tepic,
July 29, 1897 (no. 1907).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 300792.
Thryallis latifolia (Bartl.) Kuntze.
Thryallis linifolia (A. Gray) Kuntze.
Thryallis montana Rose, sp. nov.
Asmall shrub 1 to 2 meters high; branches reddish, glabrous; blade broadly ovate,
3 to 4em, long, 15 to 25 mm. broad, acute or sometimes rounded at apex, rounded
or broadly cuneate at apex, bearing two sessile glands at base; petiole 5 to 7 mm.
long; racemes 4 to 10 cm. long, slightly pubescent; pedicels 10 to 12 mm. long,
jointed much below the middle; sepals oblong, glabrous, obtuse; petals 8 mm. long
including the slender claw; fruit 4 mm. long.
Collected by J. N. Rose in southern Durango, August 15, 1897 (no. 2309).
Somewhat resembling 7. ovata, but glands nearer the base of the leaf blade, the
flowers smaller, ete. .
Type in U.S. National Herbarium no. 301220.
Thryallis multicaulis (A. Juss.) Kuntze.
Thryallis palmeri Rose.
Galphimia glandulosa Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 137. 1897, not Cav. 1899.
Thryallis paniculata (Bartl.) Kuntze.
Thryallis sessilifolia Rose.
Galphimia sessilifolia Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 8: 313. 1895.
Thryallis tuberculata Rose, sp. noy.
Low shrub, the young branches tuberculately roughened, each little knob crowned
by a two-branched brown hair; leaf oblong, 3 to 5 em. long, 7 to 12 mm. broad,
obtuse, cuneate at base; petiole and mid-vein roughened like the petiole, otherwise
glabrous, pale beneath, bearing two stalked glands at base of blade; raceme 10 to 15
cm. long, roughened like the stems; pedicels 10 mm. or so long; sepals oblong,
obtuse, 3 mm. long; petals 8 mm. long; fruit not seen.
Collected by J. N. Rose between Rosario and Colomas, July 12, 1897 (no. 1607).
Not closely related to any other Mexican species. Easily distinguished by its
roughened stem.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 300453.
Thryallis vestita (S. Wats.) Rose.
Galphimia vestita S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 421. 1886.
EUPHORBIACEAE.
A NEW COMBINATION IN CNIDOSCOLUS AND A NEW SPECIES OF
MOZINNA.
The genus Jatropha as treated by Miiller* and most writers since
his time contains several well-marked genera with good fruit, flower,
and habit characters. Dr. J. K. Small” has recently restored Cnidos-
colus Pohl. and Mozinna Ort. .
aPC. Prod. 15: 1076. 1864-66. b Fl. Southeast. U.S. 706. 1903.
282 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATION: L HERBARIUM.
Cnidoscolus palmeri (8. Wats.) Rose.
Jatropha palmeri 8. Wats. Proce. Am. Acad. 24:76. 1889.
This rare species has heretofore been known from a single flowering plant found
by Dr. E. Palmer near Guaymas, Mexico. Messrs. Nelson and Goldman have now
collected both flowering and fruiting specimens some 20 miles east of San Ignacio,
Lower California. These specimens, unlike the type material, have the long sting-
ing hairs so characteristic of C. wrens and C. stimulosa.
The inflorescence consists of only a few flowers; the fruit is shortly oblong in out-
line and about 1 cm, long.
Mozinna paucifiora Rose, sp. nov. PLATE XXII.
A large compact bush often with many stems, 3 to 4 meters »igh and often as
broad; branches usually stunted, very young branches densely po bescent but older
ones glabrate and reddish; leaves and flowers often borne in fase’cles from old nodes
on very short spurs, these crowded with the old stipules and persistent peduncles;
leaves simple, rather thin, broadly obovate to spatulate, 4 to 6 cm, long, rounded at
apex, narrowed at base into a short petiole, entire, softly pubescent on both surfaces;
stipules dissected into linear segments, these brown-pubescent and_ persistent;
flowers solitary, or sometimes several from the same spur, very short-peduncled,
1 to 2mm. long; ealyx 3mm. long, green, pubescent, its 5-lobes about 2 mm. long;
corolla red or pinkish, somewhat urn-shaped, 5 to 6 mm. long, pubescent without;
stamens in two whorls, the longer ones reachiz¢ the mouth of the corolla; fema e
flowers not seen; fruit glabrous, strongly flattened, 2 em. broad, 1.5 em. higa,
2-celled; seeds globular, 1 cm. in diameter.
Common on the dry hills east of Tehuacin, Puebla.
Jollected by Rose and Painter in August and September, 1905 (no. 9950), and by
Rose and Rose, September 1, 1906 (no. 11247, type).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 454030.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXII.—Fig. a, branch, b, flower; c, stamens; d, glar.d: e, fruit; f, seed.
Figs. a, e, and /, natural size; b, c, and d, scale 2.
CELASTRACEAE.
NEOPRINGLEA AND ITS TWO SFECIES.
In July, 1891, Dr. 8. Watson proposed the name Neopringlea for
Llavea Liebm., while in the same year, but later (November), Dr. Otto
Kuntze proposed also the name Henningsocarpus.
The relationships of this genus are still doubtful, but for the pres-
ent I shall leave it in Celastraceae, where it usually has been placed.
The two species are as follows:
Neopringlea integrifolia (Hemsl.) 8. Wats. Proc. Am, Acad. 26: 135. 1891.
Neopringlei viscosa (Liebm.) Rose.
Llavea viscosa Liebm. Vidensk. Meddel. 1858: 96. 1854,
Collected by J. N. Rose and Jos. H. Painter, near Tehuacin, Puebla, August and
September, 1905 (no, 10021), and by J. N. and J. 8. Rose near the same locality
September 2 and 4, 1906 (nos. 11279 and 11482).
TWO NEW SPECIES OF WIMMERIA.
Since my synopsis of the genus Wimmeria was published Prof.
Radlkofer bas added one new species, and two others are now pro-
posed.
4 Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 129, 1897.
PLATE XXII.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
MOZINNA PAUCIFLORA ROSE.
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS, 283
Wimmeria guatemalensis Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub with many short stubby branches; branches very pubescent; leaves small,
8 to 12 mm. long, obovate to spatulate, thickish, obtuse to retuse, pubescent on both
surfaces, subentire; flowers not seen; pedicels pubescent; fruit 6 to 10 mm. long,
glabrous.
Collected by E. W. Nelson near Nenton, Guatemala, December 13 to 15, 1895
(no. 3522).
This species is nearest W. pubescens, from which it is distinguished by its some-
what different leaves and glabrous fruit.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 274039.
Wimmeria lanceolata Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub 3 to 5 meters high; branches pale, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, 10 em. or
more long including the slender petiole, cuneate at base, long-acuminate, glabrous,
coarsely crenate; flowers in small cymes; sepals orbicular, ciliate; petals cream-
colored; fruit 12 to 18 mm. broad, 10 mm. or less high, strongly notched at apex,
glabrous.
Collected by J. N. Rose and Jos. H. Painter near Iguala, Guerrero, August 10, 1905
(no. 9287, type), and by C. G. Pringle near Balsas Station, Guerrero, September
27, 1900 (no. 13511).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 452771.
Nearest W. persifolia Radlk., from which it may be known by its more lanceolate
leaves not at all pubescent on the’ midrib and with coarser teeth, as well as by its
strongly notched fruit.
Wimmeria microphylla Radlk. Bot. Centralbl. 15: 359. 1903,
Collected by J. N. Rose and Jos. H. Painter near Tehuacin, 1905 (nos. 10013,
10129) and by J. N. Rose near the same locality, 1906 (nos. 11242, 114384).
RHAMNACEAE.
SIX SPECIES OF CEANOTHUS, FOUR NEW.
Ceanothus australis Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub, 2 to 3 meters high, spineless; branches very regular, elongated, 10 to 15
cm. long; leaves opposite, 10 to 18 mm. long, much longer than the internodes, one-
nerved, thick, often retuse at apex, pale green; stipular glands large and long-per-
sistent; pedicels slender, pubescent; flowers white.
Collected by E. W. Nelson near Coixtlahuaca, Oaxaca, November 12, 1894 (no. 1914).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 569221.
This species belongs to the section Cerastes and is perhaps nearest (. greggii, but it
has much longer branches and larger leaves.
Ceanothus candolleanus Rose, sp. nov.
Bush 3 to 5 meters high; young branches pubescent; leaves oblong, above gla-
brous or at least glabrate, beneath densely brownish-tomentose, 5-nerved, rather broad
at base, obtuse, serrate, the teeth tipped by red (in age black) glands; pedicels slen-
der, 4 to 5mm. long, glabrous, bluish; calyx teeth acute; petals blue.
Specimens examined:
Federal District: Near Mslava, C. G. Pringle, November, 1903 (no, 11395); San
Nicolas, M. Bourgeau, 1865 (no. 994).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 460858,
This species seems to be the C. azureus of DeCandolle’s Prodromus” which came
from San Angel near the two stations mentioned above. Here may also belong the
(42:31. 1825. )
3
64368—voL 12, pr 7-—09
284 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
C. bicolor Humb. & Bonpl. and the C. caerulea of Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth,
but their plant is described as having acute leaves and very short pedicels (1 line
long).
Ceanothus goldmanii Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub 2 to4 meters high; young branches reddish-pubescent; leaves opposite;
ovate to orbicular in outline, acute or obtuse, the margin bearing a few sharp teeth,
thick and coriaceous, puberulent above, pubescent beneath; pedicels glabrous; petals
white.
Jommon in the mountains of Northern Lower California.
Specimens examined:
Lower California: La Huerta, E. A. Goldman, June 2, 1905 (no. 1126, type).
San Pedro Martir Mountains, Kk. A. Goldman, July 5, 1905 (no. 1207); also
T. S. Brandegee, May 28, 1889.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 565036.
This species has heretofore been passing as C. rigidus, but it grows in very different
situations, and has very characteristic leaves with white instead of pink flowers.
Ceanothus lanuginosus (Jones) Rose.
Ceanothus greggii lanuginosus Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 629. 1895,
Mr. Jones’s variety seems quite distinct from the true C. greggii and surely deserves
specific rank.
Ceanothus parvifolius (8. Wats.) Rose.
Ceanothus azureus parvifolius 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 28: 270. 1880,
Ceanothus submontanus Rose, sp. nov.
Shrub, 1 to 3 meters high, much branched; bark of first year’s branches reddish,
covered with soft cinereous pubescence, the older branches light gray; leaves
opposite, oblong-cuneate, pale and pubescent above, pubescent beneath, 6 to 16 mm.
long, entire, rounded at apex; pedicels slender, glabrous, and somewhat glutinose
in age; capsule globular, 5 mm. in diameter, bearing three prominent projections
above the middle.
Collected by FE. A. Goldman near Alamo, Lower California, July 11, 1905 (no.
1140, type) and at Pifion on northwest slope of San Pedro Martir Mountains, July
5, 1905 (no. 1209).
The type is U. 8. National Herbarium no. 365049.
This species belongs to the section Cerastes and is nearest C. cuneatus, but differs
from the typical specimens of that species in the nature and color of the pubescence,
in having the leaves paler above and not so white beneath, and in its more globular
fruit.
VITACEAE.
A NEW CISSUS.
Cissus subtruncata Kose, sp. nov.
Stems creeping or climbing; softly pubescent; leaves broadly ovate, rounded-trun-
cate or slightly cordate at base, obtuse, acute or slightly acuminate, densely lanate-
pubescent beneath especially when young, more or less pubescent above; inflores-
cence compound, subumbellate, pubescent; pedicels slender, pubescent, nodding in
fruit; calyx cup-shaped, pubescent; sepals rounded, scarious-margined; pedicels gla-
brous, 2mm. long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous, 1 to 1.5 mm, long.
Collected by J. N. Rose near Oaxaca City, June, 1899 (no. 4614).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 346595,
This species differs in several respects from true C. sicyoides, especially in its hairy
pedicels and very pubescent young leaves.
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 285
TILIACEAE.
. FOUR NEW SPECIES OF TRIUMFETTA.
The genus Triumfetta has long been in need of revision, and some
years ago I hoped to present a preliminary treatment of the Mex-
ican species, but I have not been able to finish it. While trying to
arrange the Mexican material in the National Herbarium I discovered
the following new species:
Triumfetta falcifera Rose, sp. nov.
Low, bushy shrubs, 90 to 150 cm. high; branches densely pilose; leaves lanceolate,
Jong-acuminate, rounded at base, 7 to 10 cm. long, with scattered simple and stellate
hairs above, densely and softly stellate beneath; flowers in small axillary clusters
or in narrow more or less elongated panicles; sepals densely pubescent, about 6 mm,
long, the appendages 4 mm. long, often 2-parted, sometimes 3-toothed; petals yellow;
stamens indefinite; fruit orbicular, covered with stout short prickles, nearly glabrous,
4-celled.
Collected by Dr. FE. Palmer near Acapulco in 1894-95 (nos. 63 & 266).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 266324.
Triumfetta dehiscens Rose, sp. nov.
Stems shrubby; young branches with dense reddish stellate pubescence; upper
leaves short-petioled, lanceolate, acuminate, very irregularly serrate, the lower teeth
glandular, the young ones very pale beneath, densely soft-stellate, greener and less
stellate above; fruit orbicular, covered with short glabrous prickles, 5-celled, dehis-
cing when mature.
Collected by J. N. Rose near Colomas, July 16, 1897 (no. 1698).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 300559.
Very different from most species of the genus, which have indehiscent fruit.
Triumfetta discolor Rose, sp. nov.
Plants growing in clumps, 60 to 90 em. high; branches pubescent with fine hairs
interspersed with coarse stellate or simple pilose ones; leaves with petioles about the
length of the blade, the blade nearly orbicular in outline and obtuse, rarely ovate and
acutish, 2 to7 cm. in diameter, greenish above with rough scattered stellate hairs, white
beneath with a dense stellate tomentum; inflorescence terminal in a mostly naked
narrow panicle; sepals 4 or 5, brownish, somewhat. stellate, the appendage slender
(2 to3mm. long); petals bright yellow, about the length of the sepals, hairy at base;
stamens about 20; fruit not seen.
Collected by J. N. Rose between Pedro Paulo and San Blascito, Territorio de
Tepic, August 4, 1897 (no. 1979 type), and on the east slope of the west range and the
west slope of the east range of the Sierra Madre in the State of Durango, August 13
and 15 (nos. 2255 and 3305).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 300870.
A very beautiful species which does not approach any other described from Mexico.
T. socorrensis has somewhat smaller but thicker leaves.
Triumfetta goldmanii Rose, sp. nov.
Branches at first covered with small stellate hairs but soon becoming glabrate;
leaves lanceolate, rounded at base, acuminate, green but with scattered simple,
appressed hairs above, paler and somewhat more pubescent (hairs also simple)
beneath, crenately toothed, 5 to 7 em. long; petioles short (in specimens seen), 1
em. long; flowers usually in umbels of 2 or 3; peduncles 1 to 3 in the upper axils, 3
to 4mm. long; pedicels 4 to 10 mm, long; calyx 15 to 16 mm. long, covered with
small stellate hairs without and bearing a small erect appendage just below the tip;
petals yellow; anthers reddish; ovary and fruit sessile; fruit glabrous but covered
with stout bristles, somewhat rugose, globose, 5 mm. in diameter.
Collected by E. A. Goldman on the Sierra de Choix, 50 miles northeast of the
town of Choix, State of Sinaloa, October 17, 1898 (no. 264).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 335763.
286 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
MALVACEAE.
MISCELLANEOUS SPECIES.
Gaya violacea Rose, sp. nov.
A slender erect shrub up to 2 meters high, the branches clothed with short soft
pubescence together with long spreading hairs; petioles 4 to 6 cm. long; blade ovate,
acuminate, coarsely crenate, cordate at base, the sinus either narrow or closed,
becoming glabrate above, finely stellate-pubescent beneath; peduncles slender, a
little shorter than the petioles, pilose as wellas stellate-pubescent; calyx lobes ovate,
acute; petals violet; carpels 9, each one-seeded.
Collected by C. G. Pringle under dry cliffs on the Sierra Madre above Monterey,
1906 (no, 10221).
Type in U. 8. National Herbarium no. 462260.
This species is not very near any of the known Mexican species of Gaya, differing
from them all in its violet or purplish flowers.
Malvastrum“ bicuspidatum (S. Wats.) Rose.
Malvastrum tricuspidatum bicuspidatum S. Wats. Proc, Am. Acad. 21: 417, 1886.
In 1885 Dr. 8. Watson briefly described his variety bicuspidatum of Malvastriin
tricuspidatum, which Mr. FE. G. Baker later referred to Malvastrum seabrum, to which
it is much more closely related. In the National Herbarium we have considerable
material labeled M. scabruim besides the Wilkes specimen from Peru, which appears
to be true M. scabrum. A careful study of the Mexican species convinces me that the
supposed variety deserves specific rank. It differs from JM. seabrum in its smaller
leaves, these never cordate but cuneate at base, the flowers always solitary, the
peduncles shorter, the sepals more acuminate, the carpels also slightly different.
The following specimens have recently been collected:
Morelos: Near Cuernavaca, Rose & Painter, September, 1905 (no. 10246).
Guanajuato: Leon, Rose & Lozano, September, 1906.
Wissadula microcalyx Rose, sp. nov.
Stems herbaceous, | to 2 meters high, much branched, clothed with yellow glan-
dular spreading hairs; leaves broadly ovate, sometimes 3-lobed, the lower ones 15
em. long, acuminate, crenately toothed, cordate at base, stellate-pubescent beneath,
inflorescence paniculate; calyx small, the lobes broadly ovate; corolla deep yellow,
3 cm. in diameter; carpels obtuse, 3-seeded.
Collected by J. N. Rose on the mountains west of Tehuacin, September 12, 1906
(no, 11418).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 454200.
LOASACEAE.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF EUCNIDE.
Eucnida nelsonii Rose, sp. nov.
Pubescence on stems soft and spreading; leaves all petiolate, nearly orbicular, 5 to
60 mm. long, with rough pubescence on both surfaces, irregularly lobed and toothed;
pedicels 2 mm. or less long; calyx lobes linear-oblong, | em. long; petals erect, 2.5
mm. long; stamens numerous, longer than the petals.
«Malvaeopsis C. Presl has priority over Malvastrum and accordingly has been sub-
stituted for it by some writers. It is not at all clear to my mind that these two names
belong to the same genus and I therefore propose provisionally to retain Malvastrum,
The Vienna Congress has also retained this name, but for a different reason.
ROSE——-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 287
Collected by E. W. Nelson at La Salada, Michoacan, March 15 to 22, 1903 (no. 6926).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 399295,
Perhaps nearest EF. cordata, but with softer pubescence, less lobed leaves, and nearly
glabrous petals.
Eucnida pringlei Rose, sp. nov.
A rather coarse climbing plant; pubescence on stemsand branches soft and spread-
ing; leaves long-petioled, the upper ones often 7 cm, long, broadly ovate, 8 to 15 cm.
long, rounded at apex, more or less cordate at base; pedicels 2 to 3 em. long; calyx
15 to 17 mm. long; petals erect, 3.2 to 3.8 em. long; stamens numerous, 5 cm. long.
Collected by C. G. Pringle on limestone cliffs in the Iguala Cafion, altitude 750
meters, September 22, 1905 (no. 10077).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 462126,
LYTHRACEAE.
SIX NEW SPECIES OF CUPHEA.
It is with considerable reluctance that I continue to use the name
Cuphea instead of Parsonsia, but Prof. E. Koehne, who has for so many
years given attention to the genus,
still thinks that Cuphea had better
be retained, and for the present I
have accepted his advice; but I still
believe that Parsonsia should be
used. Until Prof. Koehne or some
one else can revise and transfer all
the species these may as well wait
in Cuphea.
Fe arse af
My psfomluankevat Teeth Ayes
Cuphea goldmanii Rose, sp. nov.
FIGURE 2s.
Shrub | to 2 meters high; old branches
brownish, with very short pubescence;
young branches with soft white hairs and
stiff purple ones, as also with sessile glands;
leaves lanceolate, shortly acuminate,
rounded at base, short-petioled, pale and
pubescent beneath, dark and with coarse
pubescence above, almost scabrous; flowers
axillary; calyx 18 to 20 mm. long, pubes-
cent, spurred at base, the teeth all large,
the upper ones much larger; petals 6, all
of the same color, dark red, distinctly
clawed, the two upper a little larger; .
Fig. 28.—Flower and petal of Cuphea goldimanii.
stamens 11, the longer ones exserted; a, Natural state; b, petal; c, without petals,
gland large, reflexed; style slender, glab- opened. Scale 2.
rous; seeds 35 to 40.
Collected by E. A. Goldman at Comitan, Chiapas, April 3, 1904 (no. 824),
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 470627.
Perhaps nearest Cupher lavea, but very different.
288
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM
Cuphea imberbis Rose, Engl. Bot. Jahrb, 41: 94. 1907.
THE NATIONAL
HERBARIUM.
FIGURE 29.
Probably an annual, 30 to40 em. high; purplish at the nodes, with very short close
pubescence; leaves thin, somewhat lanceolate, tapering toward the apex, cuneate at
a, Natural
Seale 2.
Fic. 29.—Flower of Cuphea imberbis.
state; b, without petals, opened.
Cuphea lozanii Rose, Eng]. Bot. Jahrb.
41: 91. 1907. Fiaure 80.
Annual, either simple or somewhat
branched, 20 to 30 cm. high, with pubes-
cence of two kinds, one of short white
retrorse hairs, the other of the long
spreading red or yellow hairs; leaves nar-
rowly lanceolate, or the upper ones linear,
1.5 to 3 cm. long, subsessile, acute; pe-
duncles short; prophylla black, small,
deeply parted, appearing as a fringed in-
voluere; calyx 12 to 14 mm. long, purple
on one side, with short, scabrous pubescence
and a few long scattered hairs; upper lobe
much broader than the others; spur
base, short-petioled, with roughish pu-
bescence on both surfaces; flowers axil-
lary, solitary; peduncle 10 to 12 mm.
long, bibracteolate at top; calyx tube
elongated, 2 em. long, with close pubes-
cence and a few long stiff hairs, the
upper sepal much longer, the append-
ages alternate, the calyx tube longer
than the lobes; two dorsal petals violet
purple, 10 to 12 mm. long, tapering at
base into a slender claw, subtended at
base by a large squama; 4 ventral
petals erect, small, 2 mm. long, white;
stamens 9, all glabrous, 5 exserted;
disk one-sided, reflexed; capsule 12-
seeded.
Collected by C. G. Pringle near Trin-
idad, Puebla, 1906 (no. 8979),
This species is to be placed near C.
palmeri.
Fic. 30.—Flower and sepal of Cuphea lozanii.
a, Natural state; b, without petals, opened;
ce, front view of upper sepal; d, side view of
same, Scale 2.
rather short; petals 6, large, nearly equal, deep purple; two longer stamens covered
with dense purple wool; seeds 4 to 6.
Collected by ©. G. Pringle and Filemén Lozano at Etzatlan, Jalisco, 1904 (no.
y £
8858).
This species is nearest (. Jophostoma, but with different pubescence, foliage,
prophylla, ete.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 289
Cuphea lutea Rose, Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 41: 87. 1907.
Annual; stems (and foliage) yellowish green, slender, much branched, clothed
with long spreading purplish bairs and a fine short pubescence arranged in lines;
leaves petioled, lanceolate, obtuse, pubescent with long scattered hairs and short
hispid hairs; calyx short-pediceled, 7 to 8 mm.
long, usually with none but the long spreading
hairs, yellow green to purplish brown; dorsal sepal
much longer; two dorsal petals 6 to 7 mm, long,
purplish; 4 ventral petals yellow, narrow, 2 mm.
long.
Specimens examined:
Oaxaca: Valley of Oaxaca, Nelson, September
20, 1894 (no. 1457a); Pringle same year and
locality (no, 5725) ; Cuicatlan, Nelson, 1894
(no. 1689), type; Telixtlahuaca, Lucius ©.
Smith, 1895 (no. 536).
This species resembles C. tolucana, but is more
branched, has the ventral petals yellow, etc.
Cuphea painteri Rose, Engl. Bot. Jahrb, 41: 91.
1907. PiGure 31.
Perennial, somewhat frutescent at base, 30 to 90
em. tall, somewhat branching; the old stems
shreddy at base, above bearing stiff reflexed hairs
with scattered spreading longer ones and in the
inflorescence somewhat viscid; leaves lanceolate,
4 to 6 cm. long, acute, cuneate at base, roughened
on both sides, borne on short slender petioles;
inflorescence a narrow panicle, 5 to 20 cm. long;
bracts linear; pedicels slender; corolla lilac-colored,
setose, 14 mm. long, glabrous within and with two
Fic, 31.—Flower and ovary of Cuphea
painteri. a, Natural state; b, with-
out petals, opened; ¢, ovary with
basal gland. Scale 2.
longitudinal wings; spur pronounced, rounded; petals deep lilac, the 2 dorsal nearly
orbicular, 6 mm. long including the short claw; the 4 ventral ones orbicular, sessile,
half as long as the dorsal ones; stamens 11; style and cap-
sule glabrous; gland reflexed; seeds about 20.
Collected at Etzatlan, Jalisco, Mexico, by J. N. Rose and
Jos. H. Painter, October 2, 1903 (no, 7532), and at the same
locality later by C. G. Pringle (no. 8770).
This species in habit and foliage resembles C. hookeriana,
Fig, 32.—Flower of Cupheca
viscosa, a, Natural state;
b, without petals, opened.
Scale 2.
but is quite different in the color of the calyx, petals, ete.
| found this species on the same mountain as the latter, but
not at as great an elevation.
Cuphea viscosa Rose, Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 41: 5. 1907.
FIGURE 32.
Annual; stems branching; branches slender, terminating
in long slender erect racemes, clothed with short clammy
pubescence; leaves lanceolate, cuneate at base, slender-
petioled, the margin and petiole glandular-ciliate, the two
surfaces .glabrate; pedicels 5 to 6 mm. long, glandular-
pubescent; calyx 8 mm. long, slender, hirsute with purplish
hairs below, these especially noticeable in unopened flowers, much enlarged and
nearly glabrous above; dorsal Jobe enlarged; petals 6, the 2 dorsal ones purplish,
oblong, obtuse, 6 mm. long, including the slender claw, the 4 ventral linear, 3 mm.
290 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
long, only seen in unopened buds; stamens 11; dorsal stamens glabrous above, woolly
below; ovary and style glabrous; ovules and seeds 3.
This species belongs to the section Heterodon.
Collected by C. G. Pringle, from holes in limestone ledges of mountains above
Iguala, Guerrero, altitude 1,050 meters, October 8, 1900 (no. 8392).
CACTACEAE.
MISCELLANEOUS NEW SPECIES.
Cactus maxonii Rose, Smithson. Mise. Coll. 50: 63. 1907.
Melocactus guatemalensis Giirke & Eichlam, Monatsschr, Kakteenk. 18: 37. 1908.
Melocactus maxonii Girke, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 18: 93. 1908.
Plant body simple, deep green, broadly cone-shaped or short-eylindrical, 10 to 15
em. high; cephalium rather small, consisting of a mass of white wool and brown
bristles; ribs 11 to 15, rather broad, either mottled or plain; spines generally 9, rarely
only §, sometimes with several smaller ones, making 11 in all, the central 1 (rarely 2)
short, standing nearly at right angles to the rib, 1.5 to2 cm. long; radial spines spread-
ing or even recurved, pale red or rose-colored with a whitish bloom, but when old col-
ored amber; flowers small, rose-colored; fruit narrowly oblong or club-shaped,
red, resembling that of Mamillaria; seeds black, shining,
Collected in Guatemala near El Rancho by W. R. Maxon in 1905 (no. 3766) and
near Salama, January 22, 1905 (no. 3378); also collected in Guatemala by Prof. W. A.
Kellerman. Both collectors sent living plants to Washington, and this description is
drawn up from this material.
Perhaps nearest (. neryi but with more numerous ribs, with a smaller cephalium,
and with the spines almost always 9.
Echinocactus megarrhizus Rose, sp. nov.
Roots large and fleshy, either solitary or in clusters of three or four; plant body
nearly globular or a little elongated, 5 to 8 em. high, usually solitary; ribs divided
into spirally disposed mamme; mamnue dark green, 4 to 5 mm. high: radial spines
20 or more, pectinate, at first pale yellow, in age white; in seedlings the spines all
pubescent; centrals usually 4, the 3 upper similar to although a little larger than the
radial, in young areoles not easily distinguished from them, the lower radial stout
and strongly hooked, 15 mm. long; flowers not seen; fruit green, suggesting that of
a Mamillaria, clavate, bearing a few naked scales near the top; seeds black, smooth,
shining.
Collected by Dr. EF. Palmer near Victoria, Mexico (no. 107, 1907).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 572337.
This species is near E. brevihamatus and LH. scheeri, but has differently colored
spines, and differs in technical details.
Echinocactus palmeri Rose, sp. nov. PLarE XNITI
Stems 100 to 150 em. or more high, 40 to 50 em. in diameter; ribs 12, 20, 26, or
perhaps more in large plants; central spines 4, annular, the upper one erect, 6 to 8
em. long, stout, straight, yellow above, brownish and somewhat swollen at base,
the 8 lower shorter, spreading, similar in color and markings but flattened: radials
5 to 8, much smaller, lighter-colored and weaker; flowers rather small, yellow,
about 2 cm. long; sepals and petals more or less lacerated along the margin; fruit
about 3em. long, hidden in a dense covering of soft white wool; bracts weak and
bristle-tipped. ,
This is the'well-known Eehinocactus saltillensis of horticultural collections, but is
not the species first described under that name.
Not uncommon from southern Coahuila to Zacatecas,
“ASOY IYSW1Vd SNLOVOONIHOA
Contr. Nat. Herb,, Vol. XI PLATE XXIII.
-
ss
~ ge ee
Sia Par
=
PLATE XXIV.
Vol. XI.
Herb,
Nat.
Contr.
"3S0Y va"unzv VILNONdO
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 291
Specimens examined:
Zacatecas: Concepcion del Rio, Dr. Kk. Palmer, August 11 to 14, 1904 (no. 824,
type); same State, F. E. Lloyd, 1908 (no. 12).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 471193.
Dr. EK. Palmer calls this the ‘‘barrel cactus,’’ and states that it is cooked in syrup
and made into candy. F. EK. Lloyd writes of it as follows: “Biznaga burra. The
most striking cactus of this region, where it is found on the higher foothill slopes
and in the hills on the slopes facing the south, with only very few exceptions.
Growing point depressed, elongate-ovate, except in very young plants, in which it
is round, as in cacti in general; marked by a dense felt of wool of light brown color.
Two metersin height. Spines brown in young, yellow in old plants. Ridges furrowed
in older plants. Flowers entirely lemon-yellow, as well as the fruit, which is dry,
hollow, with persistent perianth.”’
Echinocactus victoriensis Rose, sp. noy.
Plants never cespitose; plant body globular or somewhat depressed; 10 to 30 em.
in diameter, of a bright glossy green color; ribs usually 11, rather thin, 2 to 3 em.
deep, acute, 4 to 6cm. apart at widest point; areoles few,3 to 4 em. apart, rather
small; spines all bright yellow; radials 7 or 8, only slightly spreading from the cen-
tral; central i, a little longer and stouter than the others, 8 to 4 em. long; flowering
part of areole filled with short brownish wool but hardly forming enough to give a
cap to plant; petals vellow, about 3 cm. long; ovary about 2 em. long, the small
broadly ovate bracts naked in the angles; seeds brownish black,
shining, about 2 mm. in diameter.
Not very common in rocky places above Victoria, Mexico.
Collected by Dr. E. Palmer, April 9, 1907 (no, 267); living
specimens sent to Washington, no. 07. 206.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 572498.
Individual specimens of this species much resemble L. robus-
tus, but the material in general presents a type different in habit,
spines, and flowers. Called ‘‘ visnaga.”’
Opuntia azurea Rose, sp. nov. Pirate XXIV. Figure 33.
A compact upright plant with a single trunk, 1 to 2 meters
high; joints orbicular to obovate, 10 to 15 em. in diameter, pale
bluish green, glaucous; areoles about 2 cm. apart, bearing numer- .
ous brown glochides, the lower ones without spines, the upper — P'16.83. —Fruitof Opun-
ones with | to 3 more or less reflexed spines; spines almost black, — %! “Ure Natural
at least when old, unequal, the longer ones 2 to 3 em. long;
petals deep yellow, 3 cm. long, with crimson claw, but in age pink throughout;
filaments greenish or almost white; anthers pale yellow; stigmas pale green; fruit
dull crimson, subglobose to ovate, truneate, spineless, the pulp light green, juicy
and edible.
Collected by F. FE. Lloyd, in northeastern Zacatecas, 1908 (no. 30).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 535132.
Called in Mexico ‘‘nopalito’? and ‘‘nopal coyotillo.’’ Perhaps near O. phaea-
cantha, but surely very distinct. ¢
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXIV.—From photograph taken by F. E. Lloyd in northern Zacatecas.
size.
Opuntia chihuahuensis Rose, sp. nov.
Low spreading plants; old joints yellowish-green, obovate, 10 to 15 em. long; are-
oles rather few, distant, 2 to 4 cm. apart; lower areoles spineless, the upper ones
bearing 1, 2, or 3 normal spines, these brownish, porrect, 4 to 6 em. long, terete or a
little flattened, often with | or 2 shorter whitish ones added; joints, when very young,
292 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
shiny, brownish, the areoles bearing at first a single brown spine and small brownish,
terete, acute leaves; petals obovate, 3 cm. long, obtuse, yellow with reddish bases
(when dry); ovary spineless but the few areoles crowded with brownish bristles.
Described in part in the field from living plants in
April, 1908, and in part from herbarium specimens col-
lected from the same colony at flowering time by Dr. E.
Palmer.
Specimens examined:
Chihuahua: Santa Eulalia near Chihuahua City,
J. N. Rose, April, 1908 (no. 11675); same locality,
Dr. KE. Palmer, 1908 (no. 69, type).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 573546.
This species is nearest O. phaeacantha, from which it
differs in its larger, broader joints and lighter-colored
spines and in its distribution, which is considerably
south of the range of that species.
Fic. 384.—Fruit of Opuntia lloydii.
Natural size.
Opuntia lloydii Rose, sp. nov.
Pirate XNXV. Figure 34.
A much branched shrub, 2 to 3 meters high; joints when young green, becoming
glaucous, terete, the ultimate at maturity 1.2 to 1.7 em. in diameter; tubercles promi-
nent, oblong; spines few on last year’s joints, near the base none, in the upper
areoles 3, reddish, 1.1 cm. long; lateral spines ‘usually
minute (0.6 mm, long); antepenultimate joints with
a fourth spine, medially placed, 1 em. long, sheathed;
leaves terete, 6 to 8 mm. long; flowers 8 cm. long
(opening midday to mid-afternoon; petals 13 mm.
long, 12 to 14 mm. broad, dull purple; style rose-
color; fruit at first strongly tubercled, the tubercles
with one to several minute spines (1 cm. long); fruit
2 to 2.25 cm. broad, greenish and yellowish, irregu-
larly colored, slightly and irregularly tuberculate;
seeds 3 mm. wide, 1.6 mm. thick.
Collected by F. E. Lloyd on footslopes, Zacatecas
(no, 26).
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no. 535128.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXV.—From photograph taken by
F. E. Lloyd in northern Zacatecas,
Opuntia pyriformis Rose sp. nov.
PuatTE XXVIL Ficure 35.
Widely spreading, sometimes 7 to 10 meters broad,
the lower branches almost resting on the ground, 3 to
5 meters high; joints pyriform, thick, 18 cm. long,
perhaps often larger; areoles closely set (12 mm.
apart), small, circular; spines 1 or 2, on old joints 6. 35.—Fruit of Opuntia pyri-
more, usually reflexed, slender, weak, yellow, 1Q to Jormis. Natural size.
22 mm. long; flowers yellow; fruit 4 cm. long, somewhat tubercled, spineless, the
large areoles crowded with brown hairs forming hemispherical cushions, spineless.
Collected by F. E. Lloyd chiefly in arroyos, northeast slopes of Pico de Teira (Pico
Etereo), Hacienda de Cedros, Zacatecas, August 30, 1908 (no. 62).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 535200.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXVI.—Joint with attachment. From photograph taken by F. E. Lloyd
in northern Zacatecas. Scale 7/10.
PLATE XXV.
rb, XII,
Contr. Nat. He
OPUNTIA LLoYDII ROSE.
PLATE XXVI.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
OPUNTIA PYRIFORMIS ROSE.
PLATE XXVII.
OPUNTIA VILIS ROSE.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 293
Opuntia vilis Rose, sp. nov. PLATE XXVIL. Figure 36.
Low creeping plants often forming mats several meters in diameter and only 10 to
15 em. high; joints prostrate, then erect or ascending, the ultimate vertical joints
clavate, 5 cm. long, the others 2 to 4 cm. long, very turgid, pale green with low
tubercles; leaves terete, 2 to 3 mm. long, acute, red; young
areoles with white wool; radial spines upward of 12, the
number increasing with age by the addition of very small
whitish ones; central spines of prostrate joints 4, reddish,
white-tipped, 1 to 4 cm. long, terete, slightly scabrous, with
a sheath 5 mm. long; of clavate joints, white, reddish on
the upper surface at the base, and along the whole of the
lower surface, flattened; flowers 4 cm. long; petals brilliant-
purplish, 2 cm. long; filaments bright yellow with green
bases; style white; stigmas yellow; fruit pale green, black-
ening in drying, 2.5 to 2 cm. in diameter, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,
tuberculate, especially about the margin of the scission; disc y,,, 35 —Kruit of Opuntia
crenate and upper portions of the fruit correspondingly vilis. Natural size.
fluted; fruit spiny, somewhat dry, with large white seeds.
Collected by F. I. Lloyd on footslopes and plains, Zacatecas, Mexico, 1908 (no. 14).
This species is nearest O. grahamii, from which it differs in its shorter, more terete
joints, much shorter spines, and purple, not yellow, flowers.
~ Called ‘‘perro’’ by the Mexicans.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 535116.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXVII.—From photograph taken by F. BE. Lloyd in northern Zacatecas,
Echinocereus rigidissimus (Hngelm.) Rose.
Echinocereus pectinatus rigidissimus Engelm. Proe. Am. Acad. 3: 279. 1856,
Echinocereus pectinatus robustus Bauer, Gartenflora 1890: 513. pl. 1337. 1890.
This Echinocactus is sometimes known in the trade as Cereus candicans, Cerens
rigidissimus, Echinocereus robustior, Cereus robustior, ete.
It is clearly distinct from both Echinocereus pectinatus and Hchinocereus cuespitosus
and I have no hesitancy, therefore, in raising it to specific rank.
Echinocereus centralis (Coult.) Rose.
Cereus pectinatus centralis Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 386. 1896. *
Echinocereus pectinatus centralis Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 271. 1899.
Professor Coulter when first describing this plant as a variety questioned whether
it might not be a good species. It is quite distinct from true Mchinocereus pectinatus
as well as Kchinocereus rigidissimus. —
ONAGRACEAE.
A NEW SPECIES OF GAURA AND ONE OF LAVAUXIA.
Gaura grandiflora Rose, sp. nov.
A rather coarse perennial, 40 to 60 cm. high; stems herbaceous, branching, the
axis percurrent, with both long and short pubescence; branches many, ascending,
more or less purplish; leaves lanceolate, 4 to 6 em. long, acute, somewhat toothed,
pubescent on both surfaces; inflorescence somewhat pubescent, often early glabrate;
ealyx buds glabrous; calyx tube slender, 3 to 3.5 cm. long; petals 2 to 2.5 em. long;
anthers linear, attached near their middle; ovary and fruit glabrous, the latter 7 mm.
long.
Probably common in the mountains of Chihuahua and Durango. It has been con-
fused with Gaura mutabilis of central Mexico, but is easily distinguished by its gla-
brous calyx and fruit.
294 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The following material has been examined:
Durango: Papasquaro, E. W. Nelson, August 7, 1808 (no. 4671, type); not far
from Durango City, Dr. FE. Palmer, 1896 (no. 270),
Chihuahua: High plain between Cusihuisiachic and Guerrero, C. Ci. Pringle,
September 5, 1887 (no. 1244).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 332725.
Lavauxia palustris Rose, sp. nov.
Acaulescent, perennial; basal leaves erect, narrowly lanceolate, sometimes 10 em.
long, acute, nearly entire above, more or less lacerate below, shortly petioled, puber-
ulent; calyx tube slender; tips of calyx lobes linear and free in bud; fruit sessile,
winged, 14 mm. long.
Collected by Dr. C. G. Pringle in damp hollows just south of Buena Vista Station,
Hidalgo, August 10, 1904 (no, 8929).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 462042,
This species is somewhat similar to £. friloba, but has differently cut leaves.
THE SUBFAMILY LOPEZIEAE.
Dr. Rudolf Raimann, in Engler & Prantl’s Pflanzenfamilien, has very
properly proposed the name Lopezieae for the irregular-flowered divi-
sion of the Oenotheraceae. He includes four generain this group. Of
these four genera three are monotypic, and hence practically all the
species of the group belong to one venus, viz, Lopezia. In the genus
Lopezia 33 species have been named or described and a considerable
number of new ones have recently been collected, of which 9 are to be
found in this paper.
A careful review of the material which has been accumulating in the
National Herbarium leads me to the conclusion that there are three
genera to be taken out of Lopezia, each of which contains two species.
Of the other genera, Semeiandra and Diplandra, a representation
has recently been added to the National Herbarium, but Reisenbachia
is only known to me from Presl’s plate.
The following key to seven genera should be helpful:
KEY TO GENERA,
Petals none; stamen one.......2......0.2.-.022.---2------------ REISENBACHIA.
Petals 4; stamens two. |
Stamens alike and perfect.........-...-..-.--.---2---.------- DIPLANDRA,
Stamens dissimilar, only one perfect.
Sepals more or less united into a tube.
Calyx tube long and slender; stamens long-exserted.. SEMELANDKA.
Calyx tube short; stamens shorte ethan the calyx.... PELoztra.
Sepals distinct or nearly sO.
Petals sessile; style and stamens long-exserted. 2.2... PSEUDOLOPEZLA.
Petals more or less stalked.
Flowers large (20 mm. or more long); shrubs 15 to
PO mm. long.......2.......---..--........---- JEHLIA,
Flowers small (7 mim. or less long), annuals... 2. _LOPEZIA,
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 295
REISENBACHIA.“
The genus Reisenbachia is only known from Haenke’s material,
which Presl has described and figured. Only a single species has been
described and figured, this said to have been collected in Mexico, but
no definite locality given. This is one of the plants which should be
carefully looked for by Mexican collectors.
° DIPLANDRA.?
The only known species of the genus Diplandra was collected in
west Mexico by the botanists of the Beechey Exploring Expedition.
Since then no collection of it has been reported. We now have good
specimens obtained by Dr. E. Palmer from Tepic, near the type
locality.
SEMEIANDRA.*
The genus Semeiandra was first collected near Tepic by the botanist
‘connected with the Beechey Exploring Expedition and afterwards by
T. Coulter and B. Seemann in western Mexico. No recent collection
of it has been reported. We now have it in the National Herbarium
from Dr. E. Palmer’s collection made at Tepic, Nelson’s in Jaliseo,
and Rose’s in Sinaloa.
PELOZIA.
Pelozia Rose, gen. nov.
Sepals 4, linear, the lower one nearly distinct to the base, the three upper more or
less united, the central one bearing a large gland a short distance above the base
within, the two lateral ones forming with the lower one two small pouches or spurs at
their base; petals 4, the two lower entire, attached to the calyx, the two upper
borne on the three upper sepals; stamens 2, the lower petaloid, the upper perfect;
style single, short; fruit a 4-celled capsule, shortly to narrowly oblong. Delicate
annuals with thin alternate leaves, and small axillary flowers.
This genus ix nearest Lopezia, but is well separated by the characters given. The
fruit is not globular, but oblong, the sepals are not all distinct, but the three upper
are united for a part of their length, and the lower sepal, while nearly distinct, forms
with the adjacent sepals two short spurs. The three upper also bear a large gland
within. The two lower petals are borne at the base of the flower, while the two
upper are borne upon the sepals, are broader than the lower, and are not at all glan-
dular at the top of the spur as in Lopezia.
Type species 7’. laciniata,
KEY TO SPECTES.
vppe r petals entire; capsule elongated........---.-----------+--+-+--- P. clavata.
Upper petals laciniate; capsule short.........------------------------ P. laciniata.
«Reisenbachia Presl, Rel. Haenk. 2:36. pl. 54. 1836. Type species R. racemosa.
bDiplandra Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 291. pl. 60, 1839. Type species D. lope-
zioides.
cSemeiandra Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech, 291. p/. 59, 1839. Type species S. grandi-
flora.
296 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Pelozia clavata (Brandeg.) Rose. FI@ureE 37.
Lopezia clavata Brandeg. Proc. Cal. Acad. II, 2: 157. pl. 4. 1887.
Known only from southern Lower California, first collected by Mr. Brandegee and
recently by Nelson and by Goldman.
Fig. 37.—Flower and fruit of Pelozia clavata. a,b, Two views of flower; c, capsule. Scale 2.
Pelozia laciniata Rose, sp. nov. Figure 38.
Stems 40 to 50 cm. high, scantily pubescent; leaves on slender petioles, lanceolate,
thin, with shallow distant teeth; pedicels slender, 2 to 3 cm. long; sepals 4, acute;
Fi. 38.—Flower of Pelozia laciniata. a,b, Two views, Scale 2.
petals pinkish purple, the two lower narrow, entire, the two upper broad, laciniate
above, toothed below; sterile stamen narrow; ovary shortly oblong.
Collected by E. W. Nelson in mountains near Talpa, Jalisco, altitude 1,820 to 1,500
meters, March 7, 1897 (no. 4035).
Type in U. 8. National Herbarium no. 327105.
PSEUDOLOPEZIA.
Lopezia insignis Hemsley is very different from true Lopezia and
clearly deserves generic rank. Mr. Hemsley has called attention to
some of its peculiarities and to its resemblance to Semeiandra grandi-
flora. Lopezia longifiora Decaisne seems to be congeneric.
~
Ee
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 297
Pseudolopezia Rose, gen. nov.
Sepals 4, nearly or quite distinct, valvate in the bud, equal, linear; petals 4, nar-
row, sessile, the two outer ones narrow, curved outward; the two inner erect, none
glandular; stamens 2, elongated, one fertile, the other petaloid; style slender, elon-
gated; fruit globose.
Habit not known, possibly a shrub; lower leaves opposite, broad, serrate; upper
leaves, especially those of the inflorescence, alternate.
Type species Lopezia insignis Hemsl.
Pseudolopezia insignis (Hemsl.) Rose.
Lopezia insignis Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. 1: 16. 1878.
Pseudolopezia longiflora (Decaisne) Rose.
Lopezia longiflora Decaisne, Rey. Hortic. 1V. 3: 221. pl. 72, 1854.
JEHLIA.
This genus has heretofore not been technically published. It has
been mentioned several times in print, as by Planchon® in 1851-52,
and by W. J. Hooker in the Botanical Magazine in 1853. The name
. has sometimes been spelled Zehlia. Its species have heretofore rested
in Lopezia, from which it differs strikingly in its habit and flowers.
Fig. 39.—Flower and flower parts of Jehlia macrophylla. a, Flower; 6, petal; ¢, petal; d, sepal; e,
. stamen; f, anther: g, stvle. Scale 2.
Jehlia, gen. noy Figure 39.
Sepals 4, linear-lanceolate, broadest at base, erect-spreading, distinct; petals 4, two
somewhat larger than the other two; stamens 2, the lower petaloid, the upper per-
fect; capsule globular. Half shrubby plants with large opposite leaves and large
fuchsia-like flowers.
Type species Lopezia macrophylla Benth.
The following species seem to be congeneric:
Jehlia macrophylla (Benth.) Rose.
Lopezia macrophylla Benth. Pl. Hartw. 83. 1841.
Jehlia grandiflora (Zucc.) Rose.
Lopezia grandiflora Zuce. Flora 15: Beibl. 101. 1882.
a Fl. de Serres 7: 177.
298 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
LOPEZIA.%
A review of the names of 33 species of Lopezia has consumed a
large amount of time. Some of the results obtained have been very
gratifying, while others have been most discouraging. Of these species
only a few, in fact only four, have been described during the last fifty
years. Most of them have been very briefly characterized and they
have often been misunderstood. The material in our large herbaria is
much confused.
Lopezia elegans Rose sp. nov. FIGuRE 40.
Annual, about 40 cm. high, very much branched throughout, with very scanty
short pubescence;
leaves thin, lanceo-
ff late, the lower ones
long-petioled, gla-
i brous; fruiting pedi-
V/ cels slender, 10 to 12
SS Mi = 6 mm. long, puberu-
hSSS ) c lent; flower buds ob-
7 ——— — = tuse, glabrous; sepals
“a a l a — dark purple; petals
~~ I SS violet-purple, the two
lower 6 mm. long, the
Vi blade nearly orbicu-
Fie, 40,—Flower and flower parts of Lopezia elegans. a, Flower: b, petal lar, the two upper
with basal gland; ¢,stamen. Seale 2, linear-oblong, not ap-
pendaged, each bear-
ing asingle gland at the top of the spur; sterile stamen bright crimson, deeply notched.
ollected by Dr. KE. Palmer near Alvarez, San Luis Potosf, September 28 to Oeto-
ber 3, 1902 (no, 159).
Type U. 8, National Herbarium no. 397706.
Lopezia glandulosa Rose, sp. nov. Fraure 41.
Annual, about 40 em. high, branehing from the base; branches ascending, slender,
with scanty pubescence
below and with glandn-
lar hairs on the upper
parts as well as on the
pedicels; leaves opposite
below, alternate above,
lanceolate, obtuse, short-
petioled, glabrate; pedi-
cels 10 mm. or less long,
glandular-pubescent;
flower buds obtuse, gla-
brous; sepals dark red;
petals purplish, the two
lower spatulate, tapering
gradually into the slen-
der claw, 5 to 6 mm. long,
the two upper linear-oblong, not appendaged, each bearing one gland at the top of
the claw; sterile stamen deep purple; capsule globular, glabrous,
Fig. 4t.—Flower and flower parts of Lopezia glandulosa. a, Flower;
b, side view of petal with gland; ¢, d, stamens; ¢, style. Seale 2.
“Lopezia Cav. Ie. 1: 12 pl. 78. 1791. Type species Lopezia racemosa.
ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 299
Collected by J. N. Rose on the road between Bolafios and Guadalajara, but in the
State of Zacatecas, September 20, 1897 (no. 3034).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 301991.
Lopezia oaxacana Rose, sp. nov. FIGURE 42,
Probably annual, 60 cm. or more high with rather coarse but scanty pubescence;
leaves lanceolate, acuminate, the
larger ones 10 to 15 cm. long,
including the slender petiole,
the upper ones much smaller,
somewhat pubescent on both
surfaces, the margin with shal-
low serrations; pedicels becom-
ing 20 mm. long or more in
fruit, slender, bearing short
glandular hairs; flower buds ob-
long, abruptly pointed, bear-
ing tufts of hairs, especially at
the top and base of the sepals;
petals probably pinkish, nearly Fig. 42.—(a) Flower and (0) sterile stamen of Lopezia ouw.ra-
white in herbarium specimens, cana. Seale 2.
the two lower 7 mm. long, spat-
ulate, the two upper narrowly spatulate, each with two appendages below and bear-
ing two glands at the top of the claw; sterile stamen purplish; capsule globular,
glabrous.
Collected by C. Conzatti and V. Gonzales, October 10, 1897, no. 509 (type),
and by Charles L. Smith, October 2, 1894 (no. 844), both on San Felipe, Oaxaca.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 574851.
Lopezia palmeri Rose, sp. nov. Fraure 43.
Annual, much branched, the branches Jong and weak, with short, scanty
spreading pubescence;
leaves alternate, small (1
to 2 em. long) acute,
somewhat pubescent;
pedicels slender, 1 to 2
em. long, glabrous; se-
pals linear, glabrous,
dark red; petals pur-
| plish, the two lower 5
mm. long, including the
slender claw (somewhat
longer than the lamina),
the two upper spatulate,
rounded at apex, each
with two appendages be_
low and bearing two
glands at the top of the claw; sterile stamen shorter than the petals and deeper
purple.
Collected by Dr. E. Palmer at San Ramon, Durango, April 21 to May 18, 1906
(no. 85).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 571100.
64368—voL 12, pr 7—O0Y 4
Fic. 48.—Flower and flower parts of Lopezia palmeri. a, Flower;
b. petal with gland; ¢, stamen. Seale 2.
300 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Lopezia parvula Rose, sp. nov.
Figure 44.
Delicate annual, 10 to 25 em, high, erect, nearly simple, with scanty short pubes-
Fig. 44.—Flower and flower parts of Lopezia parvula. a,
Flower; b, petal with gland; ¢, stamen. Scale 2
cence disposed in horizontal
bands; leaves lanceolate, thin,
ciliate, the lower ones opposite,
the upper ones alternate; calyx
buds glabrous, withashort blunt
tip; sepals pale, tinged with
pink; two lower petals spatu-
late, gradually tapering to the
base; two upper petals pale pur-
ple, spatulate, not appendaged
below, bearing a single gland at
the top of the spur; sterile
stamen pale purple; capsule
glabrous.
Collected by E. W. Nelson
near La Providencia, Durango,
altitude 1,960 to 2,400 meters, September 11, 12, 1898 (no, 4987).
‘Type U. 8. National Herbarium no.
333016.
Lopezia pringlei Rose, sp. nov.
FIGureE 45.
Annual, 40 to 56 em. high, somewhat
branching above, the pubescence rather
scanty, chiefly of short crisped hairs or
with some stipitate glands in the upper
part; leaves alternate, lanceolate, acute,
tapering at base into a short petiole,
somewhat pubescent on both surfaces,
thin, subentire; inflorescence a slender
leafy raceme; bracts narrow, acute; pedi-
cels 5 to 7 mm. long, glabrous; sepals
glabrous, red; petals violet, the two lower
spatulate, the two upper linear, not ap-
(
Fria. 45.—Flower and petal of Lopezia pringlei. a,
Flower: b, side view of petal showing gland.
Seale 2.
pendaged below, bearing each a single gland: capsule globular, glabrous.
Fic, 46.—(@) Flower and (6) stamen of Lopesia simithii.
Collected by C. G. Pringle on
the Sierra de San Filipe, Oaxaca,
altitude 3,000 meters, 1906 (?)
(no, 6005, type), and by E, W.
Nelson near Reyes, Oaxaca,
October 17, 1904 (no. 1716).
Tvpe U.S. National Herbarium
no. 461987.
Lopezia smithii Rose, sp. nov.
FIGurE 46,
Annual, 6 to 7 em. high,
slightly winged, pubescent,
much branched; leaves sessile or
nearly so, acute, cuneate at base,
crenate; pedicels slender, 12 to
15 mm. long; flower parts all
purplish; sepals linear, 4 mm, long; two lower petals 6 mm. long, obovate, tapering
into a long slender claw; upper petals with linear blade, not auriculate at base.
=
ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 301
glands single, yellowish, fringed with short hairs; sterile stamen 3 mm. long.
purplish.
Collected by Lucius C. Smith near Jaquacatian, Oaxaca, altitude 1,290 meters,
November 4, 1895 (no, 294).
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no, 474852.
Lopezia stricta Rose, sp. noy. Frauke 47.
Annual; stems rather strict, with a few erect branches, clothed with a short dense,
somewhat reflexed pu-
bescence; leaves lance-
olate, somewhat mottled
with red, short-petioled,
obtuse, a little pubescent
on both surfaces, the
margins undulate; pedi-
cels 2 to 3 ecm. long;
sepals linear, dark red,
glabrous; petals pale
pink (nearly white in
herbarium specimens),
the two lower 8 mm.
long, including the slen-
der claw, rounded at
apex, the two upper Hi
nearly linear, with two /
appendages below and
each bearing two glands at the top of the claw; sterile stamen shorter than the
petals and deeper-colored; capsule orbicular, glabrous.
Collected by J. N. Rose in the Sierra Madre west of Bolanos, Jalisco, September
15 to 17, 1897 (no. 2979).
Perhaps nearest Lopezia mexicana H.B.K., but with paler petals and smaller glands
on the upper petals.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 301755
Fie. 47.—(a) Flower and (}) stamen of Lopezia stricta. Scale 2
Lopezia violacea Rose, sp. nov. FIGuRE 48.
Annual, branching throughout, glabrous or
with a short crisp pubescence; leaves alternate,
lanceolate, short-petioled, rounded or broadly
cuneate at base, obtuse, denticulate, glabrous;
racemes terminating branches; pedicels slender,
12 to 18 mm. long; sepals linear, red, glabrous;
petals violet, the two lower nearly orbicular,
tapering below into a slender claw, the two
upper spatulate-oblong, two-horned below and
bearing each two glands at the top of the claw;
sterile stamen shorter than the petals and paler
in color; capsule orbicular, glabrous.
Collected by C. G. Pringle on the Sierra de
Tepoxtlan, Morelos, altitude 2,350 meters, October 30, 1900 (no. 8358).
Tvpe U.S. National Herbarium no, 381869.
Fig. 48. Flower of Lopezia violacea,
Scale 2.
APIACEAE.
A NEW SPECIES OF ARRACACIA AND ONE OF PRIONOSCIADIUM.
Arracacia purpusii Rose, sp. nov.
Stems herbaceous from slender rootstocks, glabrous, 30 to 40 cm. high; leaves 2-ter-
nate; leaflets ovate, acute, 1 to 2.5 cm. long, serrate, glabrous; rays 5 to 7, nearly
302 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
equal, 4 to 5 em. long; pedicels 4 to 5 mm. long; involucre wanting; bractlets of
involucels several, linear, 3 to 4mm. long; fruit ovate, 4 to 5 mm. long; stylopodium
stout, conical.
Collected by C. A. Purpus at Boeca del Monte, Puebla, Mexico, June, 1907 (no,
2509). . |
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 574890.
Prionosciadium humile Rose.
Peucedanum madrense 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 25: 150. 1890.
On account of an earlier published Prionosciadium madrense a new specific name is
here given to this species.
<tee”
—
Bee .
ee eee ee 265
Beaucarnea___..............-000-- 2222222 ee 261
Chamaecrista...............0.....-- ... 267, 267, 268
Clitoria. 02000000 .
Cnidoscolus.............----
Cee eee 269, 271
Loe w...-. 6278
Does 287-289
(eee ee 272, 273
Lee ee eee 260
Echinocactus. .._-
Echinocereus.__.
eee 286, 287
eee 262
eee eee 273, 274
INDEX OF
GENERA,
{Synonyms in italics. ]
Page. |
_ 268, 264
279
264
266, 267, 267, 268
275
203
275, 275
284
eee ee 281
| Jatropha. ..... 2.222.220.0000 281, 281, 282
Jehlia.. 2.002 eee
Lavauxia....0 0.2... be eee eee eee .
Linum... 0. eee ee
Lopezia.... 00.0000. 0 222 eee 294, 298-301
Malvaeopsis..........---.0..0.....-22.-. eee
Malvastrum................ Soe eee eee
Mamillaria............22......0...-----------
Melocactus. 2.222000 000-20 e
Morkillia.........2....-- eee
Mozinna...... 00.0.0 -002--. 02000 eee eee
Neopringlea...0...00..2205200...20...
Opuntia... ......02.2.222--. cece eee
Parosela.... 0.2... 22222222 eee 263-265, 272, 273
Pelozia..........-..00.000 0000200 e ee 295, 296
Peucedanum.......................- vee e ee
Phaseolus... 0.000.202 2 oe ee ee eee
Pilostyles.. 2.000000 02-2 eee eee
Prionosciadium.........0-.-0.0...22--2----.
Pseudolopezia.... 2.2... -2...0000 00000000000
Psoralea... 0.00 ee eee eee
Semeiandra.............. ween
Tephrosia... .........2.... eee
Taravalia.. 90 2). eee eee
Terebinthus . eee
Thryallis....0000 02002 eee eee
Triumfetta. ...0.000200 0200 ee eee
Wimmeria........-......50.--...---..-.--
Wislizenia...........2...0.......-.-..--.--.
Wissadula...... 0.0.2 2222 eee
Zehlia...... wee ee eee eee eee
O
rr
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
VoLUME XII, Part 8
THE ALLIONIACEAE OF. THE UNITED STATES
WITH NOTES ON MEXICAN SPECIES
By PAUL C. STANDLEY
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM,
IssUED APRIL 23, 1909.
il
PREFACE.
The accompanying paper on the Allioniaceae, chiefly those of the
United States, is by Mr. Paul C. Standley, assistant professor of
botany in the Agricultural College of New Mexico. It was elab-
orated under the direction of Prof. E. O. Wooton, of the same insti-
tution. It embodies the results both of field work and of a study
of herbarium material from most of the western herbaria, as well as
the National Herbarium, and of all the literature of the subject. Mr.
Standley has aimed at a comprehensive and thorough treatment of the
whole group and has found it necessary to establish several new
genera and restore others not recently accepted. The number of
sheets studied belonging to the National Herbarium was 1,068. Of
the 50 new species here described the types of 20 are in the National
Herbarium, and others are represented here by duplicate types. The
illustrations, except Plates XXXIV and XXXV, are from drawings
made by Mr. Standley himself.
Frepertck V. Covinue,
Curator of the United States National Herbarium.
It
CONTENTS.
Page
Introduction ..............-22.2.2. 2-2-2 e eee ee ee eee eee 303
Systematic treatment .........-.-. ----------------- 2-22-22 eee eee eee 305
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATES.
: Facing page.
Plate XXVIII. Abronia insularis Standley .......--.---------------- ------ 312
XXIX. Abronia acutalata Standley and A. minor Standley .....-..--- 312
XXX. Abronia breviflora Standley ..........2....---..------------- 312
XXXI. Abronia variabilis Standley and A. sparsifolia Standley... .--. 314
XXXIL. Abronia neurophylla Standley ............--.--------------- 314
XXXII. Abronia platyphylla Standley ..........-------------------- 314
XXXIV. Abronia covillei Heimerl.............-..------------------- 316
XXXV. Abronia bigelovii Heimerl .......---.-- wee eee eee eee eee eee 317
XXXVI. Abronia exalata Standley and A. turbinata Torr ......-.----- 318
XXXVII. Abronia arizonica Standley and A. lobatifolia Standley ....--. 319
XXXVIIIL. Abron torreyi Standley ..........-.-.-------------------- 320
XXXIX. Abronia ramosa Standley ............----------.----------- 321
XL. Abronia glabrifolia Standley and A. orbiculata Standley... ..- 321
XLI. Abronia nealleyi Standley and A. terana Standley......-.-.--- 323
XLII. Abronia robusta Standley .........----.-------------------- 324
XLII. Abronia fendleri Standley.......--.------------------------ 324
TEXT FIGURES.
Page.
Fig. 49. Fruit of Abronia latifolia ...............--------------------------- 311
50. Fruit of Abronia maritima...........--.--.---2-------------- 2-2 -- 311
51. Fruit of Abronia alba .........-..-..------ 2-2-0222 eee 312
52. Fruit of Abronia umbellata............2.---.------------ 2-2-2 +e 313
53. Fruit of Abronia gracilis. ........----- Lee ee eee ee eee eee eee 315
54. Fruit of Abronia villosa ....-....------------.------------------ .... 3d
55. Fruit of Abronia aurita......2./----------- 2-0 eee ee eee eee eee 316
56. Fruit of Abronia pinetorum _.-....--------------------------------- 316
57. Fruit of Abronia pogonantha ......2....---.--------------- +e eee 316
58. Fruit of Abronia alpina ..........-------------------- 2-2 eee eee 316
59. Fruit of Abronia glabra .....----.----------------------- +--+ +--+ 321
60. Fruit of Abronia elliptica...........----------- 22-20-02 ee eee eee 322
61. Fruit of Abronia salsa.......--.--------2------------ Lice eee eee eee 323
62. Fruit of Abronia fallaw......-..22-------------- Lecce eee eee eee eee 323
63. Fruits of Abronia fragrans....-.---..-----.---------------++-+-+---- 325
64. Fruit of Abronia nudata.......-......------2 52-2522 eee eee 326
65. Fruit of Abronia ammophila ........-..------------------- ++ --ee- 326
66. Fruit of Abronia lanceolata ......-.-...---------------------------- 326
67. Fruit of Abronia mellifera .......-...------------------2----------- 326
THE ALLIONTACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH
NOTES ON MEXICAN SPECIES.
By Taunt (. STANDLEY,
INTRODUCTION.
Of all the families of North American plants none, probably, have
been more neglected than the Allioniaceae. In the last fifty-five vears
no monograph of the American representatives of the family has ap-
peared, Linneus in the Species Plantarum published two North
American genera of this family—Mirabilis, with one species, and
Boerhaavia with four species, only two of which, however, occur in
the region under consideration. Other genera and species of the
family were soon published, all of them in scattered publications.
The first treatment of the family as a whole was that of Choisy in
De Candolle’s Prodromus. In that work, 10 North American genera
were described and, under them, 31 species, not including several
species of Pisonia. Choisy’s work is interesting and at times help-
ful, but the author labored under the difficulty of not having seen
some of the plants of which he wrote, as a result of which some seri-
ous mistakes were made. The next work of any importance dealing
with the family was that of Asa Gray, in the Botany of the Mexican
Boundary Survey;¢ that paper is a very brief one and includes de-
scriptions of but few species, although Gray described at various
times a considerable number of new genera and species in the Al-
lioniaceae,
Dr. Anton Heimerl, of Vienna, probably the foremost student of
this group of plants, contributed to Engler and Prantl’s Natiirlichen
Pflanzen-Familien ’ the section dealing with the Allioniaceae, a paper
valuable for the excellent discussion it contains of the various genera.
The work is exceedingly conservative, and the family is treated as
1859. (Emory, Rep. U. S.
#4, Gray in Torrey, Bot. Mex. Bound. 172-175.
& Mex. Bound. Surv. Vol. II, Pt. 1.)
b Teil III, Abt. 1 b, pp. 14-82. 1889.
303
304 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
European botanists so commonly treat groups of American plants.
The genus Allionia, for instance, is made a mere section of Mirabilis,
and other adjustments of the same kind are made which. although
they may be the easiest way of disposing of genera, are certainly not
conducive to clearness.
In 1902 Mr. M. E. Jones published in his Contributions to West-
ern Botany“ a paper dealing with the family as it is represented in
the Great Plateau region, an area in which are found almost all the
species at that time known to occur in the United States. In the
same year there appeared in the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical
Club? a paper by Dr. Per Axel Rydberg dealing with the Allioniaceae
of the Rocky Mountains and containing descriptions of a number of
new species, which is undoubtedly the most critical and valuable
publication dealing with any group of the American representatives
of the family.
The work, the results of which are here discussed, was carried on
at the New Mexico Agricultural College during the years 1907 and
1908. The writer had the privilege of examining all the material
of the Allioniaceae to be found in the herbaria of the following insti-
tutions and individuals: National Herbarium; Missouri Botanical
Garden, including the Engelmann and Bernhardi herbaria: Field
Museum of Natural History; University of California, including
the Brandegee Herbarium; University of Wyoming; University of
Nevada; University of Arizona; Mr. A. A. Heller, Mr. K. K. Mac-
kenzie, Prof. E. O. Wooton, and the New Mexico Agricultural Col-
lege. He wishes here to express his obligations to the curators or
owners of these collections; also to Mr. G. E. Osterhout, who furnished
material for examination. It was only through the kindness of those
who have charge of these various collections that this work was made
possible. The author is under special obligations to Prof. E. O.
Wooton, under whose direction the work was begun and completed,
The present paper is intended to cover all the representatives of
the family occurring within the United States and most of those
found in Mexico and the West Indies, with the exception of the genus
Pisonia.
The drawings are by the author, with the exception of Plates
AXNIV and XXXV, which are by the German artist, W. Liepoldt.
The author wishes especially to express his indebtedness to Dr. Anton
Heimerl, who forwarded to him the two latter drawings and the
descriptions which accompany them, with permission to use them
here. Doctor Heimerl’s notes attached to the sheets of the National
Herbarium have also in several instances been of great help in the
preparation of this paper.
“#10; 34-54. 629: GSO-GO3.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, 305
SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT.
ALLIONIACEAE Reichenb. Consp. 85. 1828.
Nyctaginaceae Lindl, Nat. Syst. ed. 2. 213. 1836,
Annual or perennial herbs, often shrubs or trees, with branching or dichoto-
mous-forking stems; stems usually with swollen joints, sometimes armed with
spines; leaves opposite or alternate, simple, entire, or sometimes repand,
exstipulate; inflorescence various; flowers regular, perfect or sometimes uni-
sexual, often subtended by bracts which form a calyx-like involucre; perianth
consisting of a calyx only, this often showy and corolla-like, tubular, funnel-
form, or campanulate, usually deciduous above the ovary ; stamens 1 to many;
filaments filiform, distinct or united at the base, often unequal in length, ex-
serted or ineluded: anthers 2-celled, opening by longitudinal fissures; ovary
1-celled, superior but surrounded by the calyx tube, sessile or short-stalked ;
style slender; stigma usually capitate; ovule solitary, erect, sessile; fruit an
anthocarp, indehiscent, fleshy, leathery, or hard, angled, ribbed, grooved, or
winged: seed erect, with a hyaline testa which is free from or adnate to the
pericarp; endosperm variable; embryo straight or curved,
The fhmily consists of about 26 genera and 250 species. Most of the genera
and species are confined to the Western Hemisphere. In the Old World there are
found one species of Allionia, several of Boerhaayvia and Pisonia, and the mono-
typic South African genus Phaeoptilon, Of these only one, a species of Boer-
haavia, occurs in Europe (in southern Spain), the others being confined to
Africa, southern and eastern Asia, and the islands of the Pacific. Doctor
Heimerl mentions the fact that one or two American species have become
naturalized at various places in Europe.
In the Western Hemisphere there seem to be two centers of distribution, one
in tropical and subtropical South America and the West Indies, characterized
by such genera as Pisonia, Neea, Bougainvillea, and others; the other in
‘fexus, New Mexico, Arizona, California, and northern Mexico, especially
characterized by such genera as Boerhaavia, Abronia, Acleisanthes, Allionia,
but presenting several others. Of the entire number of genera included in
the family 16 occur in the latter region ewbracing more than 160 species. It
is the region about this center that this paper attempts to cover.
KEY TO THE GENERA.
Flowers involucrate.
Involucre polyphyllous, composed of 5 to 15
bracts which surround a few-flowered or many-
flowered head.
Fruit winged or at least with rudimentary
wings; bracts few; stamens and pistil in-
cluded.
Wings not completely encireling the fruit
but interrupted above and below__-~-
Wings completely encircling the fruit_-
Fruit not winged but merely 10-ribbed;
bracts more numerous; stamens and pistil
exserted ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ++ -- 3B. NYCTAGINIA (p). 330),
Involucre gamophylous; flowers 1 to several.
Fruit with prominent lateral wings which
are often toothed; with 2 rows of glands
along the dorsal surface____----~--~--- _ 4, WrEDELIA (p. 551).
. ABRONIA (p. 806).
2. TRIPTEROCALYX (p. 327).
*
306 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Fruit not winged.
Fruit with 5 prominent ribs; involucre
enlarged and membranous in fruit. 5. ALLIONIA (p. B34).
Fruit smooth or somewhat 5-aungled but
not ribbed; involucres not membra-
nous and usually not enlarged in fruit.
Involucre rotate, slightly enlarged
in fruit, %-flowered ~~~ ~~ ~_____ G, ALLIONIELLA (p. 356),
Involucres campanulate, not — en-
larged in fruit.
Involueres containing several
flowers which have a rather
thick tube of medium length
or sometimes rather long---— 7. QUAMOCLIDION (p. 857).
Involucres 1-flowered.
Perianth campanulate-- 8, HEeSPERONTA (p, 360),
Perianth funnelform with
a long, slender tube _____ . MIRABILIS (p. 366),
Flowers without an involucre or each flower sub-
tended by 1 to 3 bracts. ‘
Fruit with conspicuous, thin, membranous wings. 16. SELLNOCARPUS ( p. B87).
5S
Fruit) not conspicuously winged: wings when
present thick and coriaceous,
Flowers large, 2 ¢m, long or usually more.
Perianth with a long slender tube and
broad limb, each flower subtended by
2 oor 8 small, narrow bracts —--- 10. ACLEISANTHES (p, 869),
Perianth campanulate, subtended by a
large, ovate, leaf-like bract 22 11. HerMiprum (p. 372).
Flowers small, 2 em. long or usually much
less,
Fruit 10-angled or 10-ribbed.
Fruit asymmetrical, flowers ino ra-
cemes—— 12. SENKENBERGIA (). 372).
Fruit symmetrical, flowers not in
“acemes,
Fruit with conspicuous, mucila-
ginous glands; climbing or re-
clining plants with thin
leaves; flowers in umbels____ 1°. SENKENBERGIA(P. 372).
Fruit without conspicuous
glands: erect plants with
very thick leaves; flowers ir-
regularly clustered, not in
umbels_—- 14, ANULOCAULIS (P.374).
Fruit) 5-angled, 5-ribbed, or sometimes
with low, thick wings: perianth cam-
panulate 22 15, BOERHAAVIA (p. 375).
1. ABRONIA Juss.
Abronia Juss. Gen. 448, 1789.
Tricratus Lo Her.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: S07. 1799.
Annual or perennial herbs, erect or prostrate, glabrous or pubescent; leaves
opposite, petioled, the blades unequal and entire; flowers few or numerous in
the head, this surrounded by 5 or more distinet bracts: perianth colored) and
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, 8307
corolla-like, with an elongated tube which is constricted above the ovary,
expanding above into a 5-lobed limb; stamens 3 to 5, included, their filaments
unequal; fruit leathery, usually 3 to S-winged but sometimes only ribbed or
almost smooth: seed filling the pericarp, to which it adheres; one of the coty-
ledons abortive, the seedling thus appearing monocotyledonous,
Of the history of this genus Doctor Rydberg says: “tn the original publi-
cation no type species was mentioned. The genus was described from a plant
collected on Dé la Pérouse’s journey in California and cultivated by Mr.
Colignon. Hooker, in his Exotic Flora,’ identifies Colignon’s plant as A broenia
umbellata. The type of Tricratus is the same.”
The genus is a North American one and is confined chiefly to the western
part of the United States. One or two species extend into southwestern
Canada and three into northwestern and northeastern Mexico, On the east
the range extends into western Nebraska and IKkansas, and on the west to the
acifie const. The writer has seen no specimens from southern central Arizona,
where the genus would be expected to occur, since it is conmon to the east in
southern New Mexico and to the west in California, but Prof. J. J. Thornber
states that it is represented in that part of the Territory by one or more species.
Most if not all the species seem to be in a yariable or mutating state. They
are rather numerous and most of them are confined to comparatively small
areas. One of the most striking illustrations of the latter fact is found in
A. carletoni, the type of which was collected about sixteen years ago in eastern
Colorado. but which, as far as the writer is able to learn, has never been col-
lected since. Its closest ally has not been collected nearer than 350 miles to the
south.
The writer has tried, but with little success, to arrange the species in a lineal
sequence, There are so many different lines along which different species vary
that it is almost, if not quite, impossible to do this. There are several groups
of species, for instance, which are closely related to .t. fragrans; but these
groups vary in different directions so that it is impracticable to arrange them
in a lineal succession which will show their closest relationships. This is true
of sections as well as of species and applies equally to the other large genera such
as Allionia nnd Boerhaavia. It is also difficult to arrange the species in sections,
and the arrangement which is given here is not at all satisfactory on account
of the many intergradient species. The maritinut and latifolia groups are dis-
tinct enough. The fragrans and turbinata groups are most difficult of separa-
tion on account of such forms as A. carlefoni and uA. nealleyi, either of which
is as closely related to A. fragrans as to 1. turbinata, The nana group is
easiest to separate because of the peculiar habit of the plants, a habit with
which other peculiar characteristics are concurrent.
Among the various characters which are of use in separating species of
Abronia the habit is of importance, especially in the turbinata group. This is
a character that is not well shown in dried specimens generally, for in such
specimens it is difficult to tell whether a stem is erect, ascending, or prostrate.
The pubescence is variable, but not nearly so much so as in the genus Boer-
haavia. While the leaves upon a single plant are usually of the same general
shape, the earlier ones commonly differ somewhat from the later, especially in
size, It is worthy of note that in all the Abronias the opposite leaves are
unequal in size, sometimes very strikingly so, a peculiarity Characteristic of
some other genera of the family. The difference in outline in opposite leaves is
also sometimes conspicuous.
The size and shape of the involucral bracts are among the best characters
by which to distinguish species in this genus, for they show little variation
“Bull. Torr. Club 29: GS1. 1902. b3: pl. 193, 19}, 1827.
308 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Within a group of plants that may be taken as a species; the same is true of
the size of the flowers. The color of the flowers is more or less variable, white-
flowered forms of normally red-tlowered species being occasionally found. The
fruit is perhaps of the most importance. The outer and inner fruits in a single
head are often very different in form: but the inver ones in different heads on
the same plant are remarkably uniform in shape. A word may be necessary
in explanation of the terms ‘“ turbinate” and “ biturbinate,” as employed by
Doctor Rydberg, whose usage I have followed. The distinction between the two
is difficult to understand from mere descriptions, but | hope that by reference
to the accompanying drawings it may be more easily grasped.
KEY TO THE GROUPS,
lowers yellow-_-------- 1. LATIFOLIAR,
Flowers red or white, never vellow.
Flowers dark, deep red; fruit large and with very thick
wings_ ee sos TL. MARITIMAR,
Flowers lighter, purplish red or white: fruit smaller and
with thinner wings.
Low perennials which are almost acaulescent, with
a short and thick caudex ----- _ IV. NANAR,
Annuals or perennials with loug stems which have
conspicuous internodes,
Involucral bracts small, usually not scarious,
Inostly narrow.
Central cavity of the fruit extending quite
to the edges of the wings when wings
are present ooo V. 'TURRINA'TAE,
Central cavity of the fruit not extending
quite to the edges of the wings ____ _. TL. UMBELLATAR.
Involucral bracts usually much larger, scarious,
mostly broad ~~ VI. FRAGRANTES,
KEY TO THE SPECIES BY GROUPS.
I. LATIFOLIAR. Prostrate perennials with thick, fleshy roots,
and thick, orbicular leaves; fruit) coriaceous, large, with
4 or 5 thick wings which are widest in the middle and nar-
rowed above and below. A single species_-... 1. A latifolia.
II. MAkiITIMAK. Prostrate perennials; fruit coriaceous,
large, with 4 or 5 thick wings, the central ‘avity extend-
ing almost or quite to the edges of the wit gs; bracts thick,
narrowly elliptical. A single species_____ ~e ee 2. A. maritima,
TH. UMBELLATAR. Prostrate annuals or perennials; flowers
red (white in one species) ; bracts mostly lanceolate, small:
fruit with thin or rarely somewhat thickened wings, the cen-
tral cavity not extending quite to the edges of the wings.
Fruit not winged; plant very small; leaves orbicular: only 3
or 4 flowers in each head _---- V7. A. alpina,
Fruit winged. ‘
Stems puberulent or glabrous, not villous.
Wings thickened and coriaceous.
Stems almost glabrous, internodes long, flowers
red__--- _. 8. A. insularis,
Stems puberulent, internodes short, flowers
white_---- ee at.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED
Wings of the fruit thin.
Flowers about 1 em. long.
Fruit with broad wings which are pro-
longed above the body of the fruit and
are acute ___-_-______------------------
Fruit with very narrow wings which are
widest in the middle and not prolonged
Flowers 1.5 cm. long or more.
Leaves thick, broad, and shining; bracts
thick___---_-----_--_-__-__----------------
Leaves thin, not shining, narrow, or if
broad puberulent; bracts thin.
Wings truneate above or sloping up to
the short beak___------------------
Wings prolonged above the body of the
fruit.
Leaves narrowly — elliptical = or
lanceolate; wings of fruit much
narrowed below ~~~ -~~------~
Leaves wider and irregular; wings
little narrowed below __---------
Stems typically villous,
Fruit small, with only 2 wings, which are large,
considering the size of the body of the fruit:
plants erect or ascending when young, Jater pros-
Fruit larger, almost always with more than 2 wings.
Fruit with the wings little narrowed below and
broad; body of the fruit small, not ribbed or
pitted; leaves more or less sinuate-margined.
Wings rather thin; leaves only slightly
sinuute; plant stout ---__---~-----_-__-
Wings thick and tough; leaves conspicu-
ously sinuate; plant slender _-——~-~~~~-
Fruit with the wings much narrowed below;
body of the fruit large and conspicuous, fre-
quently strongly ribbed or pitted; leaves not
sinuate.
Flowers about 12 mim. long -—~-------------
Flowers about 25 mm. long.
Wings not much prolonged nbove the
body of the fruit, the sinus between
them broad and shallow ___~- ~---——-
Wings much prolonged above the body
of the fruit, forming a deep and nar-
row sinuS___~___-_------------------
IV. Nanar. Low perennials, 20 em. high or less, with thick
woody cuudices; fruit with thin, double wings. the central
cavities extending to their edges,
Bracts narrowly lanceolate ___-------------------------- :
Bracts elliptical or obovate, broader.
Leaves broadly or narrowly elliptical ...-----------
Leaves narrowly oblanceolate _——~—~-—---~---------------
STATES. 309
5
10,
11.
18.
14.
19.
A. acutalata,
A. brevifiora,
A. neurophylia.
A. umbellata.
A. minor.
A. variabilis.
A. pogonantha,
A. platyphylla,
A. gracilis,
A. villosa.
A. pinetorwum.,
A, aurita.
A. covillet.
A. nand,
A. bigelovii.
310 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL
V. TURBINATAR, Annuals, erect, ascending, or prostrate ;
flowers red or almost white; wings of the fruit often sur-
mounted by disks; bracts small, usually 1 em, long or less,
and usually narrowly lanceolate.
Bracts elliptical or obovate, obtuse.
Leaves broad, elliptical or ovate: fruit not winged
Leaves narrowly lanceolate: fruit with prominent wings,
which are surmounted above by disks
Bracts lanceolate, acute.
Flowers pale, whitish; plants with a tendency to erect-
hess if not quite erect
Flowers red;
plants prostrate.
Stems almost or quite glabrous;
quently cordate at the base
Stems viscid-puberulent.
leaves obtuse, fre-
Leaves conspicuously lobed_ ~~~ ~~~
Leaves not conspicuously lobed,
Leaves mostly ovate, rounded or
cuneate at the base:
to 2.5 mm, long__----
Leaves narrowly lanceolate, much narrowed
at the base; seed narrowly ovate in out-
line, 1.5 iam.
broadly
seed Innceolate, 2
long__
VI. FRAGRANTES. Perennials, mostly erect or ascending:
flowers white or greenish; fruit turbinate or biturbinate,
variously winged or ridged.
Fruit biturbinate, i. e.. tapering at both ends: if in-
clined to be turbinate, merely ridged and not winged.
Stems pubescent.
Stems hirsute; fruit not very decidedly biturbinate,
almost truncate above: bracts 7
ceolate
or,
Imm. Jong, lan-
Stems variously pubescent, but uot hirsute,
Flowers 12 mm. long or less,
Plant
Plant erect: bracts ovate
prostrate; bracts
Flowers about 20 mm. long.
Bracts more than 10 maim. long- ~~~
Bracts Jess than 8 mm. long.
Bracts narrowly elliptical
Bracts broadly ovate
Stems glabrous.
Plant tall; fruit with distinct ridges: bracts acute...
Plant low; fruit very slightly ridged or smooth:
bracts obtuse_____
Fruit turbinate, i, e., obpyramidal or obcordate in outline,
winged.
Bracts lanceolate, attenuate.
Stems almost or quite glabrous; wings rather nar-
row and thick ~~~ =e
HERBARIUM.
PL. A. eralata.
A. carletoni,
27.
. A, turbinata,.
A. arizoniea,
24. A. lobatifolia,
POA. forreyi.
26. A. angustifolia,
OO A. robusta.
44.4. anemophila,
a7, A, nealleyi,
A. fragrans.
OS. A. ferana.
42, A, nudata,.
A. glaneescons,
A. glabrifatia,
A. lanceolata,
A, mellifera,
STANDLEY—-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 311
Bracts broadly ovate or obovate, acute or acutish.
Stems densely viscid-pubescent or hirsute-pubescent ;
bracts 10 to 15 mm. long.
Fruit narrow, almost twice as long as wide;
stems hirsute .______--_-_--_-__-------------- 40, A. fendleri.
Fruit about as broad as long; stems viscid-pu-
bescent.
Blades of stem leaves elliptical; bracts
broadly obovate, 12 to 15 mm. wide,
rather obtuse ~~~ ~~ eee 3D. A. salsa,
Blades of stem leaves lanceolate; bracts
oval, acute, 6 or T mm. wide__~_----~--~_- 36, A. fallan,
Stems finely puberulent or glabrous; bracts 5 to 8
mm, long.
Leaf blades puberulent.
Wings of fruit with disks above__~_~-_-~-_ 29, A. ramosa.
Wings of fruit without disks above.
Leaves orbicular in outline_ ~~ ~~~-___- _ 33. A. orbiculata,
Leaves elliptical, ovate, or lanceolate__ 31. A. pumila.
Leaf blades glabrous.
Stems glabrous _~~~------------------~---~~ 28, A. glabra,
Stems puberulent.
Branches from the base of the plant
simple; bracts obtuse__~--____--_..- _ 82. A. elliptica.
Stems branched ; bracts acute___~~~~_- _ BA. A. sparsifolia,
1. Abronia latifolia Eschsch. Mem. Acad. Petersb. 5: 271. 1826.
Figure 49.
Abronia arcnaria Menz.; Hook, Exot. FL 3: pl. 193. 1827.
This is easily distinguished by its vellow flowers and orbicular
leaves. The species is variable in several respects; the Oregon
and Washington plants have broader leaves and thicker petioles
than those from California; their fruit has wider wings, which
are more often truncate above; and their bracts are frequently
much wider than those of southern specimens. Heller’s 8948 — Fic. 49.— Fruit
from Westport, Wash., is especially worthy of notice in these of Abronia lat-
respects. ifolia. Seale.
This species ranges from Victoria, British Columbia, southward along the
Pacific coast to Santa Barbara County, Cal. (Carpenteria ).
®, Abronia maritima Nutt.; 8. Wats. in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 4. 1880,
FiGuRE 50.
This species exhibits but little variation, and that mostly in the size of the
fruit and the texture of the wings.
Ranges along the Pacific coast from Los Angeles County,
Cal, southward through Lower California to the Territorio
de Tepic, Mexico; also found on many of the islands off the
southern Californian and Lower Californian coasts.
3. Abronia insularis Standley, sp. nov. PLATE NXVITI.
Perennial?; stems long and slender, perfectly glabrous
except at the nodes, there minutely puberulent; leaf blades
Fie. 50.— Fruit of elliptical, obtuse, much narrowed at the base, glabrous, the
doroni maritima. opposite leaves unequal but of the same shape, 15 to 30 mim.
cale 2, long und 6 to 14 mm. wide; petioles as long as the blades or
shorter, sparingly and very minutely puberulent; flowers many, 15 nun. long,
their tubes sparingly puberulent; fruit about 10 mm. long and 12 mm. wide,
312 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
light yellowish-brown, the body indurated and depressed between the wings;
wings 4, broad, 5 mm. wide above, much narrowed below, rounded above but
not usually prolonged above the body, tough, thick, coriaceous, distinetly
transversely veined.
A species to be separated from 1, wabellata on account of its glabrous stems
and the thick, coriaceous wings of the fruit; also of its internodes, which are
very long, so that the plant does not appear at all leafy, Type U. S. National
Herbarium no. 444666, collected on San Clemente Island off the coast of south-
erm California, by Mrs. Blanche Trask, October, 1902) (no. 50). A younger
plant from the same locality has slightly puberulent stems, leaves broader and
orbicular or broadly elliptical, the petioles longer than the blades. I doubt if
it is the same as the plant described above. Another specimen probably to be
placed here is one collected at Santa Barbara, 1902, Hlmer 38754.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXVIII.—a, Plant of Abronia insularis; b, fruit of same. a,
Scale 43 b, scale 2.
- 4. Abronia alba Hastwood, Proc. Cal. Acad. [1I. 1:97. 1898.
Figure 51,
Abronia wnbellata alba Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10 : 45,
1902,
This species is distinguished by its white flowers. From
A, insularis it can be separated by the thinner wings of its
more puberulent fruit and by its shorter internodes and
densely viscid-puberulent stem.
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: On San Nicolas Island, April, 1897, Mrs. Blanche Trask, type
collection.
Fie. 51. — Fruit of
Abronia alba. Scale 2.
5. Abronia acutalata Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XNLX, Figure 1.
Perennial ?; stems prostrate, puberulent; leaf blades elliptical, obtuse or
acutish, attenuate at the base, 15 to 20 mm. long and 5 to 12 mm. wide, spar-
ingly viscid-puberulent; petioles 10 to 25 mm. long, viscid-puberulent; bracts
4 or 5, lanceolate, acute, about 5 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, puberulent; flowers
about 8, 10 mm. long, the limb 5 mm. wide, apparently of a brighter red than in
A. umobellata, the tube with abundant fine, white pubescence: fruit about 10 mim.
long and as wide, its wings very broad and thin, about 5 mm. wide, narrowed
to the base of the body, spreading above and prolonged above the body of the
fruit, acute above at the ends of the wings: beak of fruit very short.
This is distinguished from A. umbellata by its smaller flowers and by the
prolonged, acute wings of the fruit; from A, Dbreviffora it differs in the shape
of the leaf blades and the characteristics of the fruit. Type in the Herbarium
of the Missouri Botanical Garden, cotype National Herbarium no. 402105; ecol-
lected in the Olympic Mountains, Clallam County, Washington, August, 1890,
HBilmer 2790.
EXPLANATION OF PLATH XXIX.—Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia acutalata; b, fruit of
same. Lig. 2, a, plant of A. minor; b, fruit of same. Figs. 1 and 2, a, scale 4; b, scale 2.
G6, Abronia breviflora Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXX.
Annual; stems spreading, slender, with very short and scanty viscid
pubescence; leaf blades with a very few minute, scattered, glandular-viscid
hairs, ovate, 20 to 25 mim. long and 15 to 19 mm. wide, acutish, broadly obtuse
or truncate at the base; petioles puberulent, 20 to 380 mm, long; peduncles about
30 mm. long, with very short, fine, viscid pubescence; bracts 4 or 5, narrowly
lanceolate, attenuate, 5 mm. long or less, less than 2 mim. wide, puberulent ;
flowers 10 to 12, about 10 mm. long; limb about 6 mm. wide, apparently of a
rather bright red color, the tubes with a fine viscid pubescence longer than
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXVIII.
ABRONIA INSULARIS STANDLEY.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXIX.
ABRONIA ACUTALATA STANDLEY AND A. MINOR STANDLEY.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXX,
ABRONIA BREVIFLORA STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 313
that of the peduncles; fruit about 8 mm. long and 4 mm, wide, tapering toward
both ends and widest in the middle, very narrowly winged or exalate, the
wings widest about the middle, puberulent,
Nearest A, wmbellata and A. acutalata;: differing from both in the form of
the fruit, from the former, also, by its smaller flowers, which seem to be of a
brighter color, and from the latter by the different shape of its leaves. Type
U. 8. National Herbarium no, 343656, cotype in the Herbarium of the Missouri
Botanical Garden; collected at Mendocino, California, June. 1898, H. BH. Brown
883; ulso same station, September 27, 1865, Bolander.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXX.—a, Plant of A bronia breviflora; b, fruit of Same. a,
Seale 4; b, scale 2.
7. Abronia umbellata Lam. Tabl. Eneycl. 1: 469, pl. 105, 1791.) Fieurre 52,
This species has a glandular-pubescent stem; leaf blades ovate or elliptical,
acutish at both ends; plant appearing leafy on account of the rather short
internodes; flowers about 15 mm. long, the limb
fmm. broad; bracts small, lanceolate, reddish; fruit i
about 10 mm. long and about as wide; its wings Ee
mostly 5, thin, much narrowed below and. either
truncate or tapering above, never rounded or pro-
longed above the body of the fruit; the outer fruits
in the head sometimes tapering toward both ends
and with slightly narrower wings.
Specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Pescadero, 1861, I. Guirado 696 ;
Bay Farm Island, 1898, Davy; Pillar Point,
1902, Baker 1742; Point Pinos, 1903, Heller FIG. 62.—Fruit of Abronia wm-
6574; Monterey, 1899, Brandegee; Oxnard, . bellata. Scale 4.
1901, Davy T7798; Monterey, 1891, V. Bailey; Santa Cruz, 1881. Jones
2276; San Francisco County, 1869, Kellogg & Harford 849; Pacific
Grove, 1895, Rutter 208: Monterey, 1895, Canby; Point Pinos, 1891,
Michener & Bioletti; Monterey, M. E. B, Norton; without locality,
Bridges 291,
8. Abronia minor Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXIX, I'icure 2.
Perennial %; stems spreading, very slender, almost or quite glabrous: leaf
blades very narrowly elliptical or oblanceolate, glabrous, obtuse, gradually
narrowed towards the base, 18 mm. long and 3 to 6 mm. wide; petioles shorter
than the blades, glabrous: peduncles about 85 mm. long, glabrous or scantily
and minutely puberulent; bracts 5, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, puberulent,
scarious, 7 mm. long and 2 mm. wide or less: flowers 12. to 15, 15 to 20 mm.
long, limb 6 mm. wide, tubes puberulent; fruit broader than long, its body not
coriaceous; the wings very broad, much narrowed below, produced above the
body of the fruit; outer fruits with very narrow wings which are widest in
the middle and narrowed above and below, the wings thin and soft.
This differs from A. umbellata in its more glabrous and slender stem, larger
bracts, and narrower and more glabrous leaves, while the fruit has wider and
thinner wings which are prolonged above the body. Type U. 8S. National Her-
barium no, 23108, cotype in the Herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden;
collected 25 miles northeast of San Luis Obispo, California, in 1876 by Palmer
(no. 521).
Other specimens examined:
Fremont’s Exped. to California, 1846: seashore in southern California,
April, 1899, Grant.
IXPLANATION OF PLATE XXIX.——See under Abronia acutalata, p. 312.
66788—vol 12, pt S—09—_2
314 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
9, Abronia variabilis Standley, sp. Noy. Pirate XNXNI, Fieure 1.
Perennial, spreading; stems slender, almost glabrous below but puberulent
above, especially at the nodes; leaf blades small, 0 to 15 mm. long and 6 to
12 mm. wide, very irregular in shape, usually irregularly rhomboidal, almost as
broad as long, obtuse, cuneate at the base, more or less sinuate-margined,
minutely puberulent; leaves few and not conspicuous, the internodes long;
peduncles 5.5 to 6.5 cm. long, slender, sparsely puberulent; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, 4 mm. long and 1 mm. wide, thick, acute; flowers almost 2 ¢m.
long, their limbs 8 mm. wide, tubes sparsely puberulent; fruit small, about
6mm. high and 8 mm. wide, its body firm and with vertical ribs between the
wings; the wings broad, not narrowed below, rounded above but not pro-
longed above the beak, nerved, of medium thickness, rather thicker than those
of A, minor, puberulent above,
This plant is nearest A. minor, but has broader, irregular leaves and longer
petioles, while its fruit has narrower wings which are not so much narrowed
at the base. From A. umbellata it may be distinguished by its more slender
stems, irregular and smaller leaves, und broader bracts, and by the wings,
which are more broadly rounded above. Type National Herbarium: no, 465257,
cotype in the Herbarium of the University of California; collected at Redondo,
California, May 25, 1892, Lrnest Braunton 28,
Other specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Redondo, 1904, Grant; Long Beach, 1900, Jones 6500; San
Luis Obispo County, 1888, Irs. R. W. Swmmers; Playa del Rey, 1902,
Abrams 2494; Los Angeles County, 1890, H. HL Hasse; Coronado
Beach, 1889, Brandegee; Los Angeles County, 1880, 1, A. Bush; mouth
of Tia Juana River, 1894, Mearns 3915,
EXPLANATION OF PLatE NXNXI.—Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia rariabilis; b, fruit of same,
Vig 2, a, plant of A. sparsifolia; b, fruit of same. Figs. 1 and 2, a, scale 3; 6, scale 2.
10, Abronia neurophylla Standley, sp. nov. PLATE NNNIT.
Perennial, prostrate; stem stout, minutely puberulent throughout but the
stem appearing almost glabrous, internodes 10 cm. long or more; leaf blades
large, 28 to 42 mm, long and almost as wide, very broadly ovate or rhomboidal,
thick and fleshy, minutely puberulent beneath and on the margins, the midrib
and lateral veins prominent, the opposite leaves of about the same size and
shape; petioles as long as the blades, broad, densely viscid-puberulent, prom-
inently nerved; peduncles about 12 cm. long, minutely puberulent, stout; bracts
thick, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 8 mm. long, densely puberulent; flowers many,
red, almost 2 em. long, limb 9 mm. broad, tubes puberulent; fruit not seen.
This is distinguished by its prominently nerved, thick, fleshy leaves, and
thick, strongly nerved petioles. The bracts are much thicker than those of
A. umbellata, and the plant is larger, stouter, and much different in general
appearance, Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no. 389934, collected on San
Nicolas Island, California, April, 1807, by Mrs. Blanche Trask (no. 25). I
have seen two sheets of this plant, one in the National Herbarium and one
in the herbarium of Missouri Botanical Garden; neither specimen is very good,
but the two taken together supply material enough for the diagnosis of the
species. It is unfortunate that fruit. is lacking, for it would probably help to
differentiate the species still more definitely. The collector says of the plant:
“ Covering vast areas of drifted sand; leaves shining ; flowers red and fragrant.”
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXII. —Plant of Abronia neurophytla, Scale 3.
11. Abronia platyphylla Standley, Ss}. Noy. PLATE NNNITI.
Perennial’: stems spreading. stout, viscid-puberulent or villous throughout :
leaf blades orbicular to broadly elliptical, slightly sinuate-margined, puberulent
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXXI,
ABRONIA VARIABILIS STANDLEY AND A, SPARSIFOLIA STANDLEY.
Contr. Nat. fF erb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXXII.
ABRONIA NEUROPHYLLA STANDLEY.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXXIII.
ABRONIA PLATYPHYLLA STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 315
throughout, obtuse, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, 15 to 35 mm. long
and 15 to 25 mm. wide; one of the opposite leaves large and broadly elliptical,
the other as broad but shorter and orbicular: petioles almost or quite as long
as the blades; peduncles stout, 5 or 6 em. long, puberulent or villous: bracts
4 or 5, broadly lanceolate, 7 mm, long and 2.5 mm. wide, scarious, acute, densely
viscid-puberulent; flowers about 20 mm. long, limb 8 to 10 mm. wide, tubes
densely viscid-puberulent: fruit 8S mm. long and a little wider, whitish, the
body with inconspicuous ribs between the wings, puberulent; wings 3. to Dy
very broad, 5 to T mm. wide, thin and soft, rounded at the summit and pro-
longed above the body of the fruit. not much harrowed below.
Distinguished from A. umbellata by its broader and slightly sinuate leaves,
its more scarious bracts, and its whiter fruit, the wings of which are much
broader and less narrowed below as well as more prolonged above. From
A. gracilis it differs in the thinner and much broader wings; in the shape of
the fruit, which is broader than long; and in the leaves being less sinuate and
the whole plant larger and stouter. From A. variabilis it is readily separated
by its larger leaves, more pubescent stems and leaves, broader bracts, and
larger flowers. Type in the herbarium of. the University of California, col-
lected at Del Mar, California, May 12, 1894, Brandegee; same, also, at San
Diego, April 21, 1894, Brandegee.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XNXNITI, d, Plant of Abronia platyphylla; b, fruit of same.
a, Seale 3; b, seale 2.
12. Abronia gracilis Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph, 44. 1844.
FIGURE 53.
This species can be determined by its annual root,
Strongly sinuate leaves, and large tlowers, and by the char-
acters of the fruit, which is 10 mm. long and almost as
wide, with 4 or 5 broad wings, these thick and more or
less coriaceous, light-colored, not prolonged above, and Fig. 53.—Fruit of
little narrowed below. Abronia gracilis.
Seale 2.
y
Specimens cramined:
LOWER CALIFORNIA: Magdalena Island, 1889, Brandegec; Abrejos Point,
1876, Streets; San Ramon, 1886, Orcutt; Magdalena Bay (type lo-
ality), W. H. Bryant; Calmalii. 1898, Purpus 81,
13. Abronia villosa S. Wats. Am. Nat. 7: 302. 1873. Figure D4.
Specimens examined:
NEVADA: 1872, Licut. Wheeler, type collection; Vegas Wash,
Lincoln County, 1891, Coville & Funston 425; Moapa, 1905,
Kennedy 1101.
CALIFORNIA: San Felipe, 1898, Purpus ; Colorado Desert, 1905,
CC Brandegee; Temecula, 1887, Clercland 740: near San Luis
' “ et Obispo, 1876, Palmer; southeastern California, 1897, Purpus
villosa. Seale 5882; San Diego County, 1887, Orcutt; The Needles, 1884,
2. Jones 3821; San Bernardino Mountains, 1894, Parish 3207:
Antelope Valley, 1896, Davy 2214; Ash Hill, Mohave Desert, 1905,
Hall 6101; Colorado Desert, 1903, Abrams 8224; Carrizo Creek, 1901,
Brandegee; Fort Mohave, 1860-61, Cooper.
UTaH: St. George, 1869, Palmer.
ARIZONA: Yuma, 1881, Vasey; Beaver Dam Creek, 1902, Goodding 765.
316 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
14. Abronia aurita Abrams, Bull. Torr. Club 32: 537. 1905. FIGURE 5d,
This is much like A. villosa, but is a larger and stouter plaut; its flowers are
considerably larger, sometimes 3 cm. long; and its fruit is
broader than long, the body thick and large, vertically ribbed,
but with few or no transverse ribs, so that the fruit has not
the pitted appearance of that of A. villosa; the wings very
broad and usually elevated above the body of the fruit.
Specimens eramined ¢
CALIFORNIA: Palm Springs, 1896, Parish 41388, type collec-
tion: San Jacinto Plains, 1882, 8. B. & W. I’, Parish
1156: San Jacinto, 1892, Hasse; near San Jacinto,
Fiu. 55.—Fruit of 1898, Leibery 3119; San Jacinto Mountain, 1897, Mall
ee aura. 769: Winchester, Hall 2915; Temecula, 1888, Vasey
514: San Jacinto, 1890, Mrs. Gregory.
15. Abronia pinetorum Abrams, Bull. Torr. Club 32: 587. 1905.
Figure 56,
This differs from A. aurita in its differently shaped wings
and rather wider bracts, its somewhat smaller and thicker
leaves, and its more slender and less pubescent perianth tubes,
and in the smaller size of the plant.
Fig. 56.— Fruit of
Abronia pineto-
rum, Seale 2.
Specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Thomas Valley, San Jacinto Mountains, 1901,
Hall 2166, type collection.
16. Abronia pogonantha Heimerl, Kngl. Bot. Jahrb. 11: 87. pl. 2. 1889.
FIGuRE 57.
Abronia angulata Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 8: 59. 1898.
This plant can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by its
peculiar fruit, which has but two wings. The fruit is smaller than
in most species, being about 4 mm. long, and is obcordate in outline,
Npecimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Mohave River, 1882, Parish 1345, type collection ;
of Abronia Lancaster, 1902, Eliver 38663; Argus Mountains, 1897, Pur-
pogonantha. pus 5879; near Bakersfield, 1891, Coville & Funston 1239;
Scale 2. Mohave River at Bureham’s ranch, 1901, Parish 4995;
Darwin Mesa, Argus Mountains, 1897, Jones, type of A. angulata;
Mohave Desert, 1895, Parish 3775; near Hesperia, 1892, Parish 2458;
Antelope Valley, 1896, Davy 2214; Hesperia, 1892, Trelease.
iG, 57.—Fruit
17. Abronia alpina Brandeg. Bot. Gaz. 27: 456. 1899. FIGURE 58.
This is quite distinct from all other Abronias by the small size
of the plant, its small orbicular leaves, their long petioles, the few
flowers in each head, and the exalate fruit. It may be merely a
depauperate form of A, villosa.
Specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA! Monatchy Meadows, Mount Whitney, Purpus
1877, type. Fig. 58.—Fruit
: : : . . . of Abronia al-
18. Abronia covillei Heimerl, Smithson. Mise. Coll, 52: 197. 1908." pina. Seale 4,
PLATE XXNIV.
A perennial plant, cespitose, forming dense, leafy clumps which are 10 to 15
em. wide: root stout, about 1 cm, thick above; stems iMmany rising from the
a'The descriptions of this and 1. bigelorii were t ‘anslated by the author from
Latin descriptions furnished by Doctor Heimerl, which are published in their
original form in the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections as here cited,
PLATE XXXIV.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
ABRONIA COVILLE! HEIMERL.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 317
top of the root, woody, the branches interlaced, procumbent, much shortened,
about 3 or 4 em, long, bearing fascicles of leaves and pedunculate heads of
flowers, the aspect of the plant being very much like that of A. nana; leaves
radical (in appearance only), small; blades shortly ovate, subtruncate at the
base or obtuse or slightly cordate, 7 to 18 mm. long and 5 to 9 mm. wide, ab-
ruptly contracted into a petiole 10 to 30 mm. long, at the apex very obtuse to
rounded, thickish, of the same color on both surfaces, light-green, subentire or
somewhat undulate, very minutely pulverulent-puberulent with very short,
spreading, eglandulose, rather abundant hairs, the lateral nerves fine and few
(2 or 3); peduncles 17 to 24 mm. long, slender, erect, more or less reddish,
hirtellous above with more or less unequal, minute hairs, the pubescence being
like that of the leaves only more conspicuous; heads of flowers rather small,
about 2 cm. broad, each composed of 6 to 12 flowers, the flowers rather erect ;
bracts few (usually only 4 to 6) and membranaceous, lanceolate, about 6 mim.
long and 2 mm. wide, rather acute to somewhat acuminate, greenish-white,
densely and finely puberulent; flowers small, about 11 mm. long; ovary subtur-
binate, 2.5 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, with 5 prominent angles, puberulent (the
glabrate base excepted) with rather long and puberulent, eglandulose hairs;
tube of the perianth 1 mm. wide below, slightly and gradually dilated above
to 1.5 mm., greenish, finely and sparingly puberulent above, the pubescence
being a little more dense below; limb about 8 mm. wide (white?), deeply di-
vided with obcordate lobes which are emarginate for about half their length ;
stamens 5 to 7, the anthers a little more than 1 mm. long; pistil 6 mm. long,
the stigma about 1.5 mm. long; fruit not present in the specimens.
Fine specimens were collected in California in the Inyo Mountains in Inyo
County by Coville & Funston, Death Valley Expedition, no. 1782, distributed as
A. nana. Type in the National Herbarium.
The plant differs from A. nana in its very minute pubescence which is not
glandular and its ovate leaves, in having lanceolate bracts which are not scart-
ous und are smaller than in that species, and in its smaller flowers.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXIV.—Plant of Abronia covillei. Natural size. Drawing
by W. Liepoldt.
19. Abronia nana 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 14: 294, 1870.
Specimens ercamined:
Uran: Pahreah, 1894, Jones 5291a,.
NEVADA: Highland Peak, 1898, Purpus 6431, 6278: Mormon Mountains,
1906, Kennedy & Goodding.
ARIZONA: Grand Canyon, 1884, Lemmon.
CALIFORNIA: San Bernardino Mountains, 1894, Parish 3046,
19a. Abronia nana lanciformis Jones. Contr. Western Bot, 11: 2. 1903.
This differs slightly from the species in the rather narrower bracts and
narrow, oval, acute leaves which have a tapering, acutish base.
Specimens eramined:
ARIZONA: Hackberry, 1884, Jones 4689, type collection: Peach Springs,
1884, Jones.
20. Abronia bigelovii Heimerl, Smithson. Mise. Coll, 53: 197. 1908.4
PLATE XNXXYV,
A perennial plant with a shortened, woody stem which bears at the top a
dense fascicle of leaves and a long-peduncled head of flowers like A. nana ;
7See footnote, page 316.
3I8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
leaves all basal, very distinct in shape, linear-oblong to linear, rather obtuse
to very obtuse at the apex, gradually cuneately narrowed into a petiole, the
blade and petiole together being about 384 mm, long and 5.5 to 4 mm. wide;
petiole equaling or noticeably surpassing the blade, usually gradually widening
into it, rather wide, whitish, somewhat puberulent; the blade of the same
color on both surfaces, grayish-green, entire, at first very finely eglandulose-
puberulent but finally glabrous, the midrib distinct, especially toward the
base, the lateral nerves inconspicuous; peduncles 5 to 7 cm. long, slender,
erect, angled in the dried state, pulverulent-puberulent with eglandulose hairs,
these very short, moderately dense below and more dense above; heads
(only those which have finished flowering are present on the specimens) with
numerous flowers: the bracts like those of 1. fragrans, membranaceous, broadly
ovate to ovate-elliptical, shortly acuminate, acutish, about 8 mm. long and D
mm. wide, sparingly pulverulent-puberulent; perianths densely puberulent;
fruits apparently like those of A. turbinata,
Collected by Dr. J. M. Bigelow “near Galisteo” ¢ in an expedition made in
the year 1853 (Lieutenant Whipple’s Exploration for a Railway Route from
the Mississippi River to the Pacifie Ocean, near the thirty-fifth parallel of
latitude in 1858-54). Type in the National Herbarium.
EXPLANATION oF PLuare NXNV.--Plant of Abronia bigelovii. Natural size. lrawing
hy W. Liepoldt,
21, Abronia exalata Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XNNNVI, Fiaurr 1.
Annual: stems ascending, 20 to 40 cm, long, minutely glandular, sleuder ;
leaf blades broadly ovate to elliptical and deltoid-ovate, obtuse, truncate at the
base, 13 to 26 mm. long and 12 to 25 mm. broad, almost or quite glabrous ;
petioles slightly shorter than the blades, glandular; peduncles slender, longer
than the leaves; bracts broadly elliptical or obovate, obtuse, some of them
shortemucronate, about 4 mm. long and 38 mm. wide; flowers 1 cm, long, seldom
longer, their tubes densely pubescent; fruit small, 8 mm. long and 1.5 mm,
thick, not winged, its body smooth or slightly ridged, rounded or tapering
above, puberulent.
This is nearest A. turbinata, from which it can be distinguished by its
broader, obtuse bracts, its smaller fruit which is not winged but merely slightly
ridged or more frequently smooth, and its smaller flowers. The plant itself
is as large as plants of A. turbinata and does not seem at all depauperate.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no, 28087, collected near Keeler, Inyo County,
Cal. at an altitude of 1,100 meters, May 14, 1891, Coville & Funston S45,
Other specimens cramined:
CALIFORNIA: North Fork of Kern River, 1SS8, Palmer 125,
NEVADA: Belleville, 1882, Shockley 267.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXVI.—VFig. 1, a, plant of Abronia evalata; b, ¢, fruits of
same, Fig. 2, fruit of A. turbinata. Fig. 1, a, scale 25 fig. 1, b, ©, fig. 2, seale 2.
°° Abronia turbinata Torr.; S. Wats. Bot. King Explor, 285. pl. df. US71.
PLATE XXXVI, Ficure 2.
Annual: stems puberulent; leaf blades glabrous, broadly elliptical, bright
green: bracts lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 10 mm. or less in length; flowers
about 18 mm. long, their tubes greenish, limb greenish-white or pinkish;
fruit 7 mm. long and about as wide, truncate above, obpyramidal in outline,
hispidulous at the summit; wings prominent, much wrinkled, with prominent
vertical nerves; outer fruits sometimes narrowed above into a stout beak.
“In northern New Mexico south of Santa Fe.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol XII. PLATE XXXVI
ABRONIA EXALATA STANDLEY AND A. TURBINATA TORR.
PLATE XXXVII.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII
ABRONIA ARIZONICA STANDLEY AND A, LOBATIFOLIA STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 319
Npecimens eramined:
NEVADA: Hot Spring Butte, Humboldt County, Watson, type collection ;
Hawthorn, 1882, Jones 4039; Goldfield, Shockley 149; Pyramid Lake,
1906, Frandsen & Brown; Wadsworth, 1897, #. H. Hillman; Pyramid
Lake, 1905, Kennedy 1016: Wadsworth, 1897, Jones,
CALIFORNIA: Deep Spring Valley, 1898, Purpws 5822; near Bishop, 1906,
Heller 8346.
OREGON: Alvord Desert, 1896, Leiberg 2428; Alvord Desert, 1901, Cusick
2d.
ISXPLANATION OF PLATE XNNNVIL See under preceding species,
23. Abronia arizonica Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXNXVII, Figure 1.
Annual; prostrate or ascending: stems stout, almost glabrous, except at the
nodes, there sparingly pubescent; leaf blades deltoid-ovate, semicordate or
truncate at the base, narrowed above to the obtuse apex, glabrous, or minutely
and sparingly puberulent on the lower surface; petioles as long as the blades or
those of the upper leaves shorter; peduncles about 4 cm. long, almost glabrous ;
bracts 10 to 12 mm. long and 2 to 2.5 mm. wide, lanceolate, acute, sparingly
puberulent; flowers about 12 in each head, 15 mm, long, red; fruit 8 mm,
long and 9 mm. wide, with several thin wings, these considerably narrowed
below and sloping slightly above from the beak, not rising above it; outer fruits
irregular, with wings very narrow or wanting, sometimes biturbinate.
From A. torrceyi, to which this is most closely related, it may be separated
by its larger bracts, broader and more glabrous leaves, almost glabrous stem,
and wings without disks above; from A. lobatifolia it is distinguished by its
different leaves, more glabrous stem, and larger bracts.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 238094, collected in Arizona by Vasey,
October, 1882.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XNXVII.—Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia avrizonica; b, fruit of
same. Fig. 2, a, plant of A. lobatifolia; b, fruit of same, Tigs. 1 and 2, a, seale 3; b,
scale 2, ‘
24. Abronia lobatifolia Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXXVII, Figure 2,
Annual; prostrate; stems branched, puberulent throughout but not viscid,
stout; leaf blades puberulent, irregularly ovate, truncate or rounded at the base,
acutish above, mostly with two rounded lobes, one on each side a little above
the middle of the blade; petioles almost as long as the blades; peduncles short,
2 or 83 em. long; bracts linear, 10 to 18 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, attenuate,
ciliolate-margined, puberulent; flowers numerous, about 15 mm, long, red;
fruit very light-colored, 7 mm. long and 5 or 6 mim. wide, with 4 or 5 double
but very thin wings, these much narrowed below and rounded above to the
beak, but not rising above it, scarcely veined, hispidulous above.
Differing from A. turbinata in habit, shape of leaves, color of flowers, and
form of fruit; from A. torreyi in its lobed leaves and narrower bracts, and in
the wings of the fruit, which are mostly without disks above, and are less
veined and thinner. Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 23098, collected in
Arizona in 1869 by Palmer.
This was designated by Doctor Heimer] in’ herbariunr as a variety of Jt.
tur inata under the name here taken up.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE.-See under preceding species.
25, Abronia torreyi Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXNXVITI.
Annual; stems prostrate, lO to 50 cm. long, rather stout, covered with a fine
close pubescence; internodes short, 4 or 5 cm. long, the joints swollen; leaf
320 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL TLERBARIUM.,.
blades ovate or deltoid-ovate, 20 to 40 mm, long and 10 to 25 mm. wide, obtuse
or acutish at the apex, the base varying, unequal, semicordate, rounded, trun-
cate, or broadly cuneate, very minutely and sparsely puberulent; petioles
as long as the blades or longer, pubescent; peduncles longer than the leaves;
bracts narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 8 mm. long and 1.5 mm, wide, puberulent,
‘ciliolate; flowers 15 to 18 mm. long, bright purplish-red, the tubes viscid-
pubescent; fruit 7 mm. loug and 5 or 6 mm. wide, hispidulous, with a short,
narrow beak, which is usually depressed below the wings; wings narrow, thin,
their corners rounded above, surmounted by conspicuous flat disks; seed 2 to
2.5 mm. long, lanceolate in outline, black, smooth.
This plant can be separated from A, angustifolia, its nearest relative, by
its smaller, narrower seed, broader leaves which are not attenuate at the base,
and more densely pubescent stem. Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 8380254,
collected at Mesilla, Donna Ana County, New Mexico, June 15, 1897, Wooton 11.
The plant is very common on the sandhills of the Mesilla Valley, flowering
from early spring until late in autumn, It has been confused with A. turbinata,
from which it can readily be distinguished by its prostrate habit and red flow-
ers, The fruit is distinct, also, and the general appearance of the plant is very
different. I have little doubt that this is the plant to which Doctor Torrey
originally applied the name A, turbinata. Doctor Watson, however, in publish-
ing the description had in mind another plant, one from Nevada which he bim-
self had collected and which he took to be the same as Doctor Torrey’s. It
is the Nevada plant which is figured in the plate accompanying the original
description of A. turbinata, and which is accordingly to be taken as the type,
although Doctor Watson also mentions several plants which are to be placed
‘ather in A. torreyi.
Additional specimens examined:
New Mexico: Camp 2, Emory’s 55th monument, 1892, J/earns 165; Mexican
Boundary Survey 1120; Mesilla Valley, 1904, Wooton, and numerous
other collections from the same locality.
Texas: Wright 1710 aud 601; El Paso, 1881, Vasey; 1 Paso, 1884,' Jones
3706; El Paso, 1893, Mearns 1486.
CninvuaAHua: Paso del Norte (Ciudad Juarez), ISS8S5, Pringle T7; Juarez,
1901, Pringle 9465; sandhills below El] Paso, 1846, Wislizenus 98;
Ciudad Juarez, 1905, Purpus,
EXPLANATION OF PLATE NXXVIIT.—a«. Vlant of Abronia torreyi; b, fruit of same,
a, Seale 1: b, seale 2.
26. Abronia angustifolia Greene, Pittonia 3: 344. 189s.
Abronia turbinata forma stenophylla Weimerl, Ann, Cons, et Jard. Geney,
5: 190, 1901.
Abronia angustifolia is much like A. torrcyi; its leaves, however, are lan-
ceolate, narrowly cuneate at the base; stems minutely puberulent: flowers 15
mm. long; seed 1.5 mm. or less in length, ovate in outline.
Specimens cramined:
New Mexico: White Sands, 1897, Wooton 157, type, and several other
collections from the same locality by the same collector.
This is one of the rather few plants that grow upon the great dunes of
pure white gypsum sand which occur in eastern Donna Ana County, White-
flowered specimens are occasionally found. The White Sands are separated by
a high range of mountains from the nearest locality at which A. torreyi occurs,
the valley of the Rio Grande 40 miles to the west.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XXXVIII.
ABRONIA TORREY! STANDLEY.
PLATE XXXIX,
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
ABRONIA RAMOSA STANDLEY.
PLATE XL.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. X!I.
ABRONIA GLABRIFOLIA STANDLEY AND A. ORBICULATA STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNTTED STATES. 321
°7. Abronia carletoni Coult. & Fisher, Bot. Gaz. 17: 349. 18092.
Abronia turbinata carletoni Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10: 44, 1902.
I have not seen the type of this species which is in the herbarium of the
University of Chicago, now deposited with the Field Museum of Natural His-
tory; Doctor Millspaugh, however, was kind enough to send a full-sized photo-
graph of the specimen which shows the characteristics of the plant almost
as well as the specimen itself could do, It is not the same as A. angustifolia,
as Mr. Jones claims, but seems to me much nearer A, fragrans, The bracts
are elliptical or obovate, acute, scarious, about 5 mm, long, the plant slender,
the leaf blades 1 to 3 cm. long, oblanceolate, acutish at the apex. Type col-
lected in eastern Colorado in 1891, J. A. Carleton 459; apparently not since
collected.
28, Abronia glabra Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: 685. 1902. Figure 59.
Specimens eramined:
CoLtorapo: Grand Junction, 1888, Jones, type; hills near
Grand Junction, 1900, S. G. Stoles,
This is very closely related to A. elliptica and perhaps hardly
separable.
29, Abronia ramosa Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XXNIX. Fig 59.—Fruit
Perennial: stems ascending, slender, about 80 cm. high, pale, Of 4brenta
much-branched, minutely puberulent throughout but not viscid: glabra. Seale
leaf blades thick, minutely puberulent on both surfaces, elliptical, 7
oblique at the base, obtuse; petioles as long as the blades or longer; peduncles
densely puberulent, 2 to 4 cm, long; bracts obovate, 1 cm. long, obtuse; flowers
12 mm. long, their tubes densely puberulent; fruit cuneate-obpyramidal in
outline, with 5 thin double wings; these closely veined, much narrowed below,
truncate above, and surmounted by conspicuous flat disks, minutely puberulent.
This is nearest A. elliptica and A. glabra, From the former it differs in its
branched stem and smaller flowers and in the wings of the fruit, which are
surmounted by disks; from the latter, in its puberulent stem, larger obtuse
bracts, and the slightly different fruit. Type U. S. National Herbarium no.
410003, collected at Holbrook, Arizona, June 16, 1901, by L. F. Ward.
Other specimens eramined:
Arizona: Holbrook, 1896, Myrtle Zuck; Moki Reservation, 1896, Hough
16a: Carrizo, 1892, Wooton; Woodruff, 1892, Wooton,
ExpLANATION OF PLATE XXXIX.—a, Plant of Abronia ramosa; b, fruit of same, a,
Scale 3; 6, scale 2.
80. Abronia glabrifolia Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XL, Ficure 1.
Stems erect, slender, branched, few-leaved, glabrous; leaf blades broadly
elliptical, rounded at both ends, thick and fleshy, glabrous; petioles as long
as the blades or longer; peduncles 4 cm. long or less, slender; bracts broadly
elliptical to obovate, scarious, obtuse, 10 to 12 mm. long and 7 or 8 mm. wide;
flowers 15 mm. long, their tubes glabrous; fruit 5 or G mm. long and 2 mm, in
diameter, clavate or cylindrical in form, not at all winged or ridged, but smooth,
acute or obtuse above, not at all angled, glabrous.
This can be distinguished from any other species of Abronia by its smooth
and glabrous fruit; otherwise it is much like A. elliptica, except for its more
branched stem. Type in the herbarium of the University of California, col-
lected in Colorado in 1878, “ex herb. Wm. F. Flint.”
EXPLANATION oF PLATE XL.—-Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia glabrifolia; b, fruit of same.
Fig. 2, a, plant of A. orbiculata; b, fruit of same. Figs. 1 and 2, «, scale 4; b, scale 2.
322 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
o1, Abronia pumila Rydb, Bull. ‘Torr. Club 29: 683. 1902,
Specimens crdinined :
Uran: Emery, 1894, Jones 5445q: 6 miles up Salida Canyon, 1894, Jones
d4ti6a, types.
32, Abronia elliptica A. Nelson, Bull. Torr. Club 26:7, 1899. iGure 60,
Abronia bakeri Greene, Plantae Bakerinnae 3:32. 1901,
Abronia fragrans clliptica Jones, Contr, Western Bot. 11:3.
1903.
This plant has numerous glabrous or puberulent stems from a
woody base; the bracts usually have a reddish or purplish tinge
below, which is characteristic of this species alone: the stems also
Fic 60.—Fruit have a peculiar reddish tinge or are sometimes glaucous,
i oti Specimens examined: .
Seale 2. WYOMING: Green River, 1897, A. Nelson 8021, type: Fort
Steele, 1901, Tircedy 4615; Medicine Bow River, 1898,
EF, Nelson 48398: Bates Creek. 1901, Goodding 196; Sheep Creek, 1899,
Charles Schuchert; Cummins, 1895, 4. Nelson 1475.
Uran: Diamond Valley, 1902, Goodding S22; Modena, 1902, 1006.
CoLokADO: Deer Run, 1901, Baker 89: Grand Junetion, 1901, Baker 92;
Rifle, Gartield County, 1900, Osterhout 2131+ Grand Junction, TS91,
Hasticood,
oo, Abronia orbiculata Ntandley, sp. nov. PLATE XL, Ficure 2.
Perennial, much branched from the base: stems ascending, 25 cm. high,
glandular-puberwlent throughout; leaf blades orbicular or very broadly ellipti-
‘al, rounded at both ends, thick, glandular-puberulent throughout; petioles
mostly much longer than the blades; peduncles 35 to 50 mim. long, sparingly
puberulent; bracts 5, elliptical, scarious, obtuse; flowers scarcely more than 10
mm. long, their tubes sparingly puberulent or glabrous: fruit turbinate, 5 min.
long and 8 mum, wide, with narrow thin Wings, these truncate above or slightly
rounded, the fruit thus either obpyramidal or obcordate in outline.
Nearest A. elliptica, from which it is distinguished by its thicker, orbieular
leaves, its smaller flowers, and its viscid-puberulent stem. From 4. pionila it
differs chiefly in the shape of the leaves and the larger obtuse bracts. ‘Type
U. S. National Herbarium no. 23045, collected at Cottonwood Springs, Vegas
Valley, Nevada, April 30, 1891, Vernon Bailey, 1886.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XL.-—See under A bronia glabrifolia, p. 321,
34. Abronia sparsifolia Standley, sp. noy. PLATE XNXI, Figure 2.
Annual; stems erect, slender, branched, glaucescent, minutely glandular-
pubescent above; internodes rather long; leaf blades ovate, the lower ones
broadly so, obtuse, thick, glaucous beneath, glabrous; bases of the lower lenves
semicordate, of the upper ones rounded, the uppermost blades more or less
puberulent; petioles of the lower leaves much longer than the blades, those of
the upper ones shorter; peduncles 2 to 4 cm, long, granular-puberulent, divari-
eate; bracts elliptical or narrowly obovate, acutish, 10 mm. long and 4 or 5
mm. wide, puberulent, scarious; flowers numerous, 15 mm. long, their tubes
glandular-puberulent; fruit obpyramidal in outline, 65 mm, long and about as
wide, with several wide, thin, double wings which are rounded or truneate
above,
From .4. elliptica this can be distinguished by its narrow, acutish bracts,
broader leaves, and more branched stem: from A. fallax by its broader and
glaucous leaves, less leafy stems, and more slender habit. Type in the her-
Contr, Nat, Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE XLI.
ABRONIA NEALLEY!I STANDLEY AND A. TEXANA STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—-ALLIONIACEAR OF THE UNITED STATES. 323
barium of the University of California, cotype in the National Herbarium ; col-
lected at Quartz Spring, Mount Irish, Nevada, altitude 1,530 to 1,880 meters.
ISOS, Purpus 6825.
EXPLANATION OF Phare XNNXI.—See under Abronia variabilis, p. 314.
35. Abronia salsa Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: GS4. 1902, Figure 61.
Abronia fragrans pterocarpa Jones, Contr. Western Bot, 11:5.
1908.
Specimens examined:
Uran: Salt Lake City, 1869, Watson 965, type collection ;
Great Salt Lake, 1871, Mayden; Marysville, 1894, Jones
5355w; Silver Reef, 1804, Jones 5149aj: Springdale,
1894, Jones 5261u; Garfield County, 1883, 4. L. Siler; pig. 1, — Frit
Kanab, 1894, Jones 52862; Gartield Beach, Rydberg & of Abronia sal-
Carleton 6895, sd. Serle 2.
86. Abronia fallax Heimer], Bull, Torr. Club 29: GS4, 1902, Friaure 62.
I have seen no specimens besides the type that could be referred here. The
plant differs from A, sa/sa, which it most resembles, in its nar-
rower, lanceolate leaves, more densely leafy stem, smaller bracts,
and slightly different fruit.
The type is from Salt Lake City, Utah, 1879, Jones 1887,
Fig. 62.—Fruit 37. Abronia nealleyi Standley, sp. nov. Pratt XLII, Ficurr 1.
ot Abronia Perennial: stems erect, branching from the base, 15 em, high,
Sallac. Seale rather densely puberulent throughout; leaf blades thick, lanceo-
*- late or narrowly elliptical, 20 to 25 mm. long and 5 to 9 mm, wide,
rather obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous except the veins, these
puberulent; petioles as long as the blades or shorter; peduncles 25 to 45 mui.
long, densely puberulent; bracts scarious, broadly ovate, acute, 4 to 6 min. long
and 3 mm. wide; flowers 12 mm. long, numerous, their tubes puberulent; fruit
biturbinate, broadest about one-third below the sununit, 4 mm. long and almost
as wide, narrowly ridged.
This is a very distinct species because of its small bracts, harrow leaves, sinall
fruit and flowers, and low habit; the plant appears to be vigorous and not at
all like a depauperate form. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical
Garden, collected at Screw Bean, Reeves County, Texas, in 1893, by G. C. Nea l-
ley. In the National Herbarium there is another plant, collected October, ISS1,
in Texas by Havard, that should probably be placed here. One collected by
Havard at Odessa Tank, September, 1881, with the habit and general appearance
of A. nealleyi, but the fruit with prominent wings and not biturbinate, is prob-
ably of an undescribed species, but the material is insufficient for determination,
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLI.—Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia nealleyi; b, fruit of same.
Vig. 2, a, plant of A. ferana; b, fruit of same, Figs. L and 2, a, scale 4; b, scale 2
38, Abronia texana Standley, sp. nov. PuaTe XLII, Fiaure 2.
Perennial: stems slender, ascending; plant rather more leafy than A. fragrans,
i. e., the internodes shorter; stems very sparingly puberulent, almost glabrous
below; leaf blades ovate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, semicordate, truncate,
or rounded at the base, glabrous; petioles mostly shorter than the blades,
sparsely puberulent; peduncles slightly puberulent, 7 or S em, long: bracts
elliptical, 6 or 7 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, acute; flowers mostly 15 mm. long;
fruit biturbinate, about 7 mm. long and 8 mm, wide, with very narrow wings
or ridges, these widest a little above the middle; outer fruits more strongly
biturbinate than the inner ones; minutely puberulent above.
324 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
I have separated this plant from <4. fragrans because of its less erect habit.
more glabrous leaves inclined to be semicordate at the base, rather smaller
flowers, and much smaller and narrower bracts. Some of the plants referred
here have much narrower bracts than the type, often narrowly lanceolate,
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 901296; cotype in the herbarium of the
Missouri Botanical Garden: collected “on sands” at Estelline, Texas, May 25,
1904, Reverchon 4282.
Other specimens examined:
TEXAS: Mitchell County, 1882, Reverchon 1345: Big Springs, 1908, Tracy
S078; Wichita County, 1880, /. Ball: istelline, 1908, Reverchon 3686n,
IHXPLANATION OF PLATE XLI.—Scee under preceding species.
39, Abronia robusta Standley, sp. nov. PLaTE XLII.
Perennial; stems erect, GO cm. high or less, very thick and stout, as much as
15 mm. in diameter, covered with an exceedingly dense short-hirsute pubescence :
plant very leafy; leaf blades ovate, 4 to 8 em. long, 2 to 5 em. broad, obtuse or
acute, cordate or trunente or broadly rounded at the base, densely puberulent
on both surfaces or sometimes almost glabrous above; petioles thick, as long as
or longer than the lower blades, those of the upper leaves shorter than the
blades; peduncles § to 11 cm. long, stout, hirsute: bracts 6, puberulent, scarious,
lanceolate, acuminate, 7 mm. long and 2 or 8 mm. wide: flowers numerous in
rather dense heads, 2 em. long, their tubes almost glabrous; fruits biturbinate,
the outer ones of the head strongly so, the inner less markedly so, narrow,
5 to Timm, Jong and 3 mm. wide, with a stout beak above; the outer fruits
merely ridged, the inner with narrow, thick wings or ridges, these not more
than 1 mm. wide,
Nearest A. fragrans, but more robust, its bracts nurrower, its stem densely
hirsute. The type material in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden
consists of 4 sheets collected on sand hills near Monahans, Ward County, Texas,
May 10, 1901, by H. Eggert. This is the most densely pubescent Abronia that I
have seen.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLIL-—Fig. 1, a, plant of Abronia robusta ; b, fruit of same.
a, Seale 4: b, seale 2.
40. Abronia fendleri Standley, sp. nov. PLATE XLII.
Apparently perennial: stems stout, erect, 30 or 40 em. high, densely hirsute
throughout; leaf blades rather broadly lanceolate, rather obtuse or acute at the
apex, unequally and rather broadly cuneate at the base or subcordate in young
Plants, 25 to 50 mm. long and 12 to 20 mm. wide, sparingly puberulent on both
surfaces, especially on the veins: petioles of the lower leaves as long as the
blades, those of the stem leaves shorter, hirsute; peduncles 2h to 60 min. long,
hirsute, stout: bracts elliptical, scarious, 12 to 15 mim. long and 5 to 8 mm,
wide, acute or sometimes cuspidate ; flowers many, 2 cm. long, with a limb about
3mm. wide, tubes densely puberulent : fruit harrowly turbinate, 9 mm. long and
© mun. wide, with a very small body and 4 or 5 narrow wings which are 2.5 mm.
wide, thin, rounded above, and projecting considerably above the body; the
outline of the fruit harrowly obcordate, the beak short and small, hispidulous
on beak and top of wings: seed 2 mun. long, dark brown, linear in outline.
The fruit of this plant is quite unlike that of A. fragrans, to which the species
is most closely related: the pubescence, too, is more dense. Type in the
herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden, collected at Santa Fe, New
Mexico, May 19, 1847, Fendler 739, growing in “moist places near fields, ete.”
A sheet of the same collection in the National Herbarium was labeled “A.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XI
PLATE XLII.
i
|
f
}
ABRONIA ROBUSTA STANDLEY.
PLATE XLIII.
Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
ABRONIA FENDLERI STANDLEY.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 325
fragrans, Typ.” by Doctor Heimerl, but the specimen is without fruit, which
would have distinguished it at once.
Other specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Coolidge, 1889, Munson & Mopkins; Chama River, 1904,
Wooton 2827; Santa Fe, 1899, Cockerell.
The following specimens from farther south should probably be referred
here. They do not altogether agree with -1. fendleri and may possibly form
a distinct species; they are certainly not .1. fragrans, The plants are more
erect, less branched, and less spreading than the Santa Fe plant, besides differ-
ing in several other particulars.
New Mexico: Mesilla, Valley, 1893, Wooton; Tortugas Mountain near Las
Cruces, 1900, Cockerell; Mexican Boundary Survey 1121; Jornado del
Muerto, 1846, Wislizenus 81.
CuiivuaAuuaA: Near Paso del Norte, 1886, Pringle 794.
Texas (7): Wright 1711.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLIII.—a, Plant of A bronia fendleri, b, fruit of same. a, Scale
3; b, scale 2.
41. Abronia fragrans Nutt.; Hook. Kew Journ, Bot. 5: 2617, 18538, FIGURE 65.
Perennial, erect: stems more or less puberulent
throughout, rather stout; leaf blades ovate or elliptical,
rounded or narrowed at the base, mostly obtuse or
acutish at the apex, minutely puberulent and rough-
ened on both surfaces or glabrous above: bracts ovate
or broadly elliptical, acute or attenuate, 10 to 15 mm.
long and about 8 mm, wide; flowers 2 cm. long or more,
greenish-white; fruit 6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide or
often larger, usually distinctly biturbinate, the outer
ones strongly so and often irregular ; fruit not winged, but with low, thickened
ridges which are strongly veined.
The plants included here are, as a whole, remarkably uniform, although a
few variant forms will be found. A form of the species which extends into
western Kansas differs considerably in general appearance, but I have been
unable to separate it. A plant from Oklahoma is reported to have red flowers,
but otherwise it does not seem remarkable.
FG, 63.—a, b, Two views of
the fruit of Abronia fra-
grans, Seale 2.
Specimens eramined in part:
Nepraska: War Bonnet Canyon, 1890, 7. A. Williams; Alliance, 1889,
H. L. Webber; near Thedford, 1895, Rydberg 1268.
KANSAS: Arkalon, 1888, Kellerman; Syracuse, 1893, C. 1. Thompson 124;
Hamilton County, 1895, Hitchcock 422.
CoLtorapo: Fossil Creek, 1897, Crandall 4076; Fort Collins, 1896, C.F.
Baker; Buena Vista, 1892, C. 8S. Sheldon 562: Crow Creek, 1896, Knovel-
ton 98: Half-moon Creek, 1873, John Wolf 813; north of Denver, 1881,
L. F. Ward; Arkansas Canyon, 1881, G. Engelmann; Colorado Springs,
1908, E.R. Warren 1961; near Boulder, 1902, Tiweedy 4976; Manitou,
1890, G. C. Broadhead.
Wyromina: Sybille Creek, 1894, A. Nelson 335; Egbert, 1899, Pammel 17;
Pine Bluffs, 1897, A. Nelson 3504; Platte River, 1894, A. Nelson 3123.
New Mexico: Thirty-five miles west of Roswell, 1900, Earle 372; Dela-
ware Creek, 1893, Nealley, a narrow-bracted form; Cimarron on the
Santa Fe Road, 1846, Wislizenus 462; Fort Wingate, Rusby 6992;
Lamy, 1895, Wulford 65; Farmington, 1904, Wooton 2825; La Vega de
San José, 1892, Wooton; Willard, 1904, Wooton 2826; near Gallup,
1908, Wooton; Upper Rio Pecos, 1905, Mrs. Florence Bartlett.
326 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
42, Abronia nudata Rydb. Bull. Vorr, Club 29: G83. 1902. Figure 64.
This differs from ot. fragrans in its smaller bracts, more glabrous
stem, and its decumbent labit,
Specimens examined:
MONTANA: Colgate near Glendive, IS92, Sandberg, MacDougal &
Heller 1016, type collection.
Fic, 4.— 43. Abronia glaucescens (A. Nelson) Standley.
Fruit of Abronia fragrans glaucescens A, Nelson, Bot. Guz. 84: 864, 1902.
‘neue The glabrous stem and flowers, the thick leaves, and the glaucous
Seale 2, leaves and stems separate this from 4. fragrans, which it resembles in
habit. From A. nudata it can be separated by its larger bracts and
leaves, more erect habit, and more glabrous fruit and stem, No type was desie-
nated in the original description, and I would Sugeest as a type the collection
from Casper, Natrona County, Wyoming, “ in sundy, recky river bottoms,” July
6, 1901, Goodding 210.
Other specimens cramined:
WYOMING: Inyvan Kara Divide. S02, Buff TSE: Casper, ISOL, Buffum
785: Cheyenne, 1895, 1. Velson 1996: Powder River, 1894, Vernon
Bailey 30.
COLORADO: Manitou, 1886, Fritehey,
44, Abronia ammophila Greene, Pittonin 4: 226, 1900, Figure 65,
Abronia arenaria Rydb, Mem. X.Y, Bot. Gard. 1: 137. 1900, not
Menz.
Abronia nelsoni Weimerl, Aun, Cons. et Jard. Geneyv. 5:191,
1901,
Abronia cheradophila A, Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 34: 364. 1902,
This much-named species is a very distinet one because of. its
prostrate habit, narrow leaves, lanceolate bracts only about 4 mim, ammophita,
long, and peculiar fruit. Seale 2.
7 ad _4 .
Fic. 65.—Fruit
Of Abronia
Specimens eramined:
Wroming: Yellowstone Lake, TSO, ft. a BL Nelson 6685 ;
Yellowstone Lake, 1871, Robert lds; same locality,
ISS, Tiveedy 1442.
45. Abronia lanceolata Rydb. Bull. Torr, Club 29: 685. 1902,
FIGURE 66,
. ; Specimens eramined:
Fic. 66.—Fruit * !
of Abronia Ipano: Idaho Balls, IDOL, Merrill & Wileow STO, type: Idabo
lanceolata- “alls, 1893, Palmer 884: Blackfoot, 1898, Palmer 462:
Seale 2, St. Anthony. 1900, Werrill 441.
46. Abronia mellifera Dougl. in Hook. Bot. Mag. 56: pi. 2879, 1829, igure 67.
Abronia suksdorsii Coult. & Fish, Bot. Gaz. 17: 548, 18902.
This can -be distinguished from any other member of
the fragrans group by the broad, thin wings of the fruit
and the narrow bracts: its stem is finely puberulent
throughout, while the stems of -t. lanceolata are almost or
quite glabrous. 1. swksdorfii IT ean not separate from any
other form of the species: the types of this and A, mel-
lifera are from nearly the same locality,
FIG. 67.--Fruit of
Specimens examined: Abronia mellifera,
WASHINGTON: Near Columbus, 1886. Suksdorf S95: Beale 2,
near Rock Island. 1893. Sand be ro Leiberg 464: Cow Creek, 1902,
Griffiths & Cotton 543: Pasco, ISOS, Elmer 1055; Walla Walla, Wilkes
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, 327
Exploring Exped.; Walla Wall , 1903, J. 8S. Cotton 1058; Kiona, 1902,
Cotton 724; Craigs Ferry, Kittitas County, 19038, Cotton; Washington,
1883, Canby 1057,
Orecon: Near The Dalles, 1881, //oiwell,
ABRONIA TURBINATA MARGINATA Eastwood, Proc, Cal, Acad. IT. 6:315. I have
not been able to determine this from the description, nor have I succeeded in
seeing the type collection, which consisted of only a single specimen,
2. TRIPTEROCALYX Hook.
Tripterocalys Hook, Kew Journ, Bot. 5: 261. 1805.
Abronia § Tripterocalye Torr, Frem, First a 92, 1845.
Cycloptera Nutt.; A. Gray, Am. Journ, Sci. / 152319. 1858, not Jendl. Knehir
115, 1S41.
Apaloptera Nutt.; A. Gray, loc. cit.
Abronia of various authors, in part.
Stout, much branched annuals, usually more or less pubescent, the pubescence
consisting of flattened, several-celled hairs: stems erect, ascending, or rarely
procumbent; leaves opposite, entire, usually unequal; involucral bracts 4 to G,
separate, folded over the flowers in the bud; perianth with a long slender tube
and a broad, expanded, 5-lobed limb: flowers in the involucre numerous; sta-
mens 5, with very short filaments, attached at irregular intervals to the upper
part of the tube of the perianth ; fruit almost orbicular in outline, with a cori-
neeous or spongious body, this often ribbed and completely surrounded by the
© to 4 broad wings, which are thin and strongly reticulate-veined ; stipe pro-
longed below through the membranous wings; seeds narrowly elliptical, cylin-
drical.
Type species, Abronia micrantha Torr. This is also the type of the genera
Cyeloptera and Apaloptera
This genus is well worthy of sepa ‘ation from the true Abronias because of
its peculiar fruit, whose wings completely surround the body. The central
cavity, moreover, does not extend into the wings as it does in all or most
species of Abronia. The plants are so different in general appearance, habit.
and especially in the appearance of the heads of the fruit, that no one can have
any difficulty in distinguishing the two genera at a glance, The two are
sharply defined, there being no intergradient forms.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Body of the fruit between the wings transversely wrinkled
or ribbed, the ribs extending into the wings_
sody of the fruit not transversely wrinkled, but frequently
with vertical ribs between the wings.
Flowers 2 cm. long or less.
Body of the fruit spongious, without vertical ribs:
stems pubescent; peduncles shorter than the
lenves 90 - eee 2. OT. inicranthits,
3ody of the fruit scarcely spongious, frequently
with longitudinal ribs between the wings; stems
glabrous; peduncles as long as the leaves or
T. criur-nveltae,
oa]
longer 6 ee --------------- 2 8 7. peduncilatus,
Flowers more than 2 cm. long, usually almost 8 cm.
Fruit 20 to 28 mm. long: flowers bright pink; plant
stout: stems sparingly pubescent; bracts lar-
rowly ovate ___--_.--------------------------- 4. T. cyclopterus.
328 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Fruit less than 20 mm. long: plant lower and less
robust; flowers whitish or very pale pink; stems
rather densely pubescent: bracts narrowly lanceo-
late 2 - Meek » T. wootonii.
1. Tripterocalyx crux-maltae (Kellogg) Standley.
Abronia criux-maltae Kellogg, Proce. Cal. Aend, 2:71. 1863.
This species has probably more handsome flowers than any other species of
Tripterocalyx or Abronia.
Specimens examined:
NEVADA: Wadsworth, 1904, Kennedy S71; Truckee Pass, Virginia Moun-
tains, 1908, Kennedy 784; 1 mile west of Reno, 1901, Heizer 809: Reno,
ASSS, Sonne 488: Carson City, SOT, Jones; Gillis, 1883, Shockley 349;
Empire City, 1882, Jones 4088: Pah Ute Mountains, 1869, Watson 967.
CALIFORNIA: Sierra Nevada Mountains, 1875, Lemmon,
2. Tripterocalyx micranthus (Torr.) Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. 5: 261. 1852.
Abronia micrantha Torr, in Frem. First Rep. 92, 1843,
This can be easily distinguished from 1. cyclopterus, with whieh it has often
been confused, by its smaller, greenish-white flowers, smaller bracts, and spon-
gious fruit, which has no vertical ribs.
Specimens cramined, in part:
MONTANA: Glendive, 1892, Sandberg, Heller & MacDougal: Yankee Jim
Canyon, 1899, Blankinship 424: Beaver Head Couuty, ISSS, Tuceedy
121,
WYOMING: Marquette, 1898, Rose 128; Fort Steele, 1901, Tweedy 4614;
Washington's Ranch, Sweetwater County, 1901, Merrill & Wileor 795:
Evanston, 1897, A. Nelson 4123: Willow Creek, 1894, A. Nelson 8742:
Laramie, 1897, EH. Nelson 3414: Dunn's Ranch, Albany County, 1900,
A. Nelson 7624: Alecova, 1901, Goodding 155.
Uran: Price, 1898, Susan G. Stokes.
CoLrorapo: Near Grand Junetion, 1900, 8S. G. Stokes; valley of the Arkan-
sas, Wheeler Survey 815; Denver, 1885, Letterman ; Platte Valley below
Greeley, 1881, Ward; Telluride, 1894, Tweedy 129; Grand Junction,
IS94, Jones 3476; Fort Collins, 1892, Crandall; headwaters of Sangre
de Cristo Creek, 1900, Rydberg & Vreeland 6811: Canyon City, 1871,
Brandegee 100.
NEVADA: Muddy Valley, Lincoln County, 1906, Kennedy & Goodding 1700,
ARIZONA: Beaver Dam Creek, 1902, Goodding.
New Mexico: Albuquerque, 1853, Bigelow; opposite San Juan, Rio Arriba
County, 1897, Heller 3766.
KANSAS: Syracuse, 1893, C. H. Thompson.
NEBRASKA; Cheyenne County, 1891, Rydberg 339,
5+. Tripterocalyx pedunculatus (Jones) Standley.
Abronia micrantha pedunculata Jones, Proc, Cal. Acad, [L. 5: 716. 1895,
Abronia pedunculata Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: G86. 1902.
Specimens examined:
Utan: St, George, 1894, Jones 5101, type; St. George, 1894, Jones 5189:
Green River, 1895, Jones; Green River, 1894, Jones D482m; La Verken,
1894, Jones 5188; Thompsons Springs, 1892, Fastiwood.
ARIZONA: Twenty miles above Pierces Ferry, 1894, Jones 5077a,
STANDLEY—-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 329
4, Tripterocalyx cyclopterus (A. Gray) Standley.
Abronia cycloptera A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci, If. 15: 319, 1853, excluding
synonyms,
Abronia carnea Greene, Pittonia 3: 343, 1898,
This name might very properly be reduced to synonymy if it were not for the
fact that certain excuses can be offered for it. Doctor G ‘ay evidently intended
it merely as a new name for Abronia micrantha because he considered the latter
naine inapplicable to specimens he had examined which were really not A.
micrantha at all, but a southwestern plant which resembles it somewhat. From
what he says at the time he proposed the name it can be definitely stated that
he had in mind the specimens collected by Wright in western Texas and not
the northern plant to which the name micrantha was originally applied. The
name will be considered a nomen nudum by some, or a mere synonym of 7.
micranthus, but the present author believes that long-established usage makes
it allowable and preferable to retain it.
Abronia carnea is certainly a synonym of 7, cyclopterus; the types of the two
came from localities separated by not more than 40 miles. The plant is not a
perennial, as Doctor Greene surmises in his description, but an annual which
blooms from early in the spring until late in the summer.
Specimens eramined:
TEXAS: Wright 1712, type collection; San Antonio, 1891, L. H. Dewey;
Belen, El Paso County, 1898, Mearns 1514.
CHIHUAHUA: Near Paso del Norte, 1885, Pringle 75,
NEW Mexico: Rincon, 1884, Jones; Deming, 1895, Mulford 1015; Mesilla
Valley, 1893, Wooton; same locality, 1897, Wooton 56: Chavez. 1892,
Wooton; near Albuquerque, 1858, Bigelow; Pecos River, 1905, rs.
Florence Bartlett; Mexican Boundary Survey 1117; Chavez, 1846,
Wislizenus 23.
5, Tripterocalyx wootonii Standley, sp. noy.
Annual: stems ascending. 25 em. high, with scattered rough pubescence
throughout, finer than that of 7. cyclopterus; leaf blades rather broadly lanceo-
late, 80 or 40 mm. long and 10 to 15 mm. wide, the margins sometimes slightly
undulate, ciliolate; blades with rather abundant chaffy pubescence beneath and
frequently above, acute or rarely rather obtuse, narrowed at the base into a
petiole as long as the blade or shorter: peduncle 6 cin. long, with rather abun-
dant viscid pubescence; bracts 11 to 15 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, narrowly
lanceolate, long-acuminate; flowers 25 to 30 mm. long, whitish or very pale
pink, tube densely glandular-pubescent, limb 9 mm. broad: fruit 15 to 20 mm.
long and almost as broad, hispidulous especially on the ribs and along the mar-
gins of the wings: wings not as much narrowed below as those of 7. cyclopterus,
rounded above, finely reticulate-veined, the body with usually 3 strong ribs be-
tween each pair of wings; seed 5 mm. long.
Most of the material from northwestern New Mexico and northeastern
Arizona which has passed as 7’. cyclopterus is to be placed here. This species
is distinguished from that by its considerably smaller, hispidulous fruit (the
fruit of some of the northern plants is much smaller than that of the type),
narrower bracts, more pubescent stems and peduncles. and pale flowers, and
by its lower, less erect habit: the leaves when fresh have a peculiar glaucous
appearance different from leaves of 7. cyclopterus, The differences in general
appearance between the two species are less apparent in dried than in living
material. Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College, con-
66788—vol 12, pt S—09
2»
v
830 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
sisting of two plants, both collected by BK. O. Wooton, one near Ojo Caliente,
Zuni Reservation, New Mexico, July 20, 1906, and the other on the Zuni Reser-
vation in 1904, no. 2820,
Other specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Zuni valley, 1902, Conard V4.
ARIZONA: Near Hardy, 1903, Wooton; Winslow, 1802, Wooton; St. Joe, 1892,
Wooton: 11 miles east of Winslow, 1892, Wooton; Adamana to Long
H Raneh, 1908, Grifiths 5162; northeastern Arizona, 1896, Hough 16;
18 miles below Black Falls, 1901, Ward; 5 miles northeast of Winslow,
1901, Ward; Little Colorado River, 1896, Fernow: Winslow, 1903,
Grifiths 5025; Holbrook, 1806, Myrtle Zuck,
3. NYCTAGINIA Choisy.
Nycataginia Choisy in DC. Prod. 13°: 429. 1849.
Annual, erect, or ascending viscid herbs with dichotomous-branching stems;
leaves opposite, the blades somewhat toothed or entire, petioled; flowers red-
dish, numerous, surrounded by a polyphyllous, wany-bracted involucre; perianth
funnelform with a narrow tube and a broad, 5-lobed limb: stamens unequal,
exserted, their filaments slender, dilated, united below; style slender, the stigma
capitate: fruit leathery, turbinate, 10-ribbed, the seed filling and adhering to
the pericarp.
KEY TO TILE SPECIES.
Leaves triangular-ovate, their margins mostly entire; flowers
orange-red __~~------------------- a - oe 1. N, capitata.
Leaves triangular-hastate, thicker, their margins irregular or
toothed: flowers crimson __ ~~---------------------------- 2. N. cockerellac,
1. Nyctaginia capitata Choisy in DC. Prod, 187: 429, 1849.
Bocrhaavia capitata Heimerl, Jahresb. Staats-Oberrealsch. Fiinfhaus Wien
23: repr. 28. 1897,
Type locality, In Texas apud S. Antonio de Biscar,
Specimens eramined:
Texas: Wright 1709, 600; San Antonio, 1881, Reverchon TS86; Mexican
Boundary Survey 1122; Dallas, 1882, Reverchon 2336; Roma, 1889,
Nealley 227; Knickerbocker Ranch, ‘Tom Green County, 1880, Tweedy ¢
Del Rio, 1891, L. H. Dewey; Barstow, 1902, Tracy 8343: Bexar County,
Jermy 64; Fort Davis, 1881, Harvard; near Bracken, 1903, Groth 73;
San Angelo, 1903, Reverchon; San Antonio. KE. Ht. Wilkinson 122,
Laredo, 1879, Palmer 1114; near Laredo, 1899, Mackenzie 5; prairies
near Big Springs, 1900, Mggert; near Stanton, 1900, Eggert.
Mexico: Gallejo Springs between El Paso and Chihuahua, 1846, Wislizenus
111; Saltillo, 1848, Gregg.
2, Nyctaginia cockerellae A. Nelson, Proc, Biol. Soe. Wash, 16: 29, 1905.
This plant differs from A. capitata in its thicker, subhastate leaves, rather
smaller flowers, and less exserted stamens. The difference in number of sta-
mens mentioned by Professor Nelson does not hold, neither does the difference
in their insertion. I have not been able to see any essential difference in the
shape of the lobes of the perianth in the two species. The flowers in this spe-
cies are of a mueh deeper red color, The plant seems to be a very distinct one,
readily distinguishable almost at a glance by its appearance, a species contined
in its range to the upper valley of the Rio Pecos,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 331
Prof, 'T. D. A. Cockerell,* guided evidently by the original description of this
species, was led to found upon it a separate section of the genus under the name
Roswellia. The plant certainly does not differ generically from A. capitata,
us he was inclined to believe, and I think it can not be worthy even of a
separate section.
Specimens examined:
NEW Mexico; Roswell, 1902, Wilmatte P. Cockerell, type; Dexter, 1905,
Wooton; 20 miles south of Roswell, 1900, Earle 824; Delaware Creek,
1893, Neailey 4.
TEXAS: Screw Bean, 1893, Vealley 5,
4. WEDELIA lLwefl.
Wedelia Toefl. Iter Hisp. 180. 1758.
Allionia 1. Syst. ed. 10. 890. 1759, in part.
Annual or perennial prostrate herbs; leaves opposite, unequal, entire,
petioled; flowers reddish or rarely white, 5 in each involucre: involucres com-
posed of 3 sepal-like bracts which are united at the base, solitary on peduncles
in the axils of the leaves; perianth corolla-like, with a short oblique tube and
an unequally 4-lobed limb; stamens exserted or included, their filaments slen-
der; ovary 1-celled, the style filiform, stigma capitate: fruit leathery, winged
on each side, smooth upon the inner side or crested in oné species, but with two
parallel rows of glands on the outer surface.
The plant upon which this genus was founded later received the name of
Allionia incarnata IL.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Irruit crested on the inner surface____________________ 1. W. cristata,
Fruit not crested on the inner surface.
Wings with numerous sharp teeth, these not incurved_ 2. We glabra.
Wings with fewer teeth, which are much less acute and
usually strongly incurved.
Stems villous; teeth obtuse, 2 or 3; perianths large
about 12 mm. wide; stems abundantly leafy above. 8b. W. dncarnata
rillosa,
Stes mostly pubescent, but not strongly villous.
Upper internodes long and the upper leaves con-
siderably reduced —----------------__- se. W. inearnata
nudata,
Upper internodes not especially long and the up-
per leaves not noticeably reduced: teeth obtuse
to somewhat acute ~~ ~~~ oO. We dnearnata,
1. Wedelia cristata Standley, sp. nov.
Stems rather slender, viscid-puberulent, straw-colored ; leaf blades elliptical
to oblong, the two sides asymmetrical, acute, oblique at the base or rounded,
dull green above and paler beneath, sparingly short-puberulent, especially above,
21 mm. or less in length and 14 mm. or less in width; petioles one-third to one-
half as long as the blades; peduncles 18 mm. long or less; bracts almost orbicu-
lar, slightly saccate, rounded at the apex, 8 mm. long or less; flowers 8 or 9
mm. long, the lobes of the perianth with deep and narrow sinuses between them,
the lobes themselves rather deeply 2-cleft; stamens included; fruit 4 to 5 mm.
Proce. Biol, Soc, Wash, 16: 52.
332 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
long, each wing having 3 or more incurved teeth straw-color; the inner surface
of each fruit in most species furnished in place of the ventral nerve with a crest
1 mm. high or more, with the margin entire or slightly toothed, the crest wider
below, i. e., at the end at which the fruit is attached.
The remarkable fruit of this plant separates it at once from any other
species of the genus. Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 349027, collected at
Holbrook, Arizona, July 15, 1896, by Myrtle Zuck.
2. Wedelia glabra (Choisy) Standley.
Allionia incarnata glabra Choisy in DC, Prod, 18°: 435, 1849.
Annual; stems reddish, prostrate, much branched from the base, slender,
sparingly white-puberulent with rarely a few longer, soft, white hairs: leaf
blades oblong or elliptical, 28 mm. or less in length and 11 mm. or less in
width, obtuse at the apex, rounded or sometimes oblique at the base, almost
glabrous, yellowish-green above, glaucous below and usually conspicuously
purplish; petioles shorter than the blades, mostly about one-third as long,
slender; peduncles 11 mm. or less in length, usually one at each node; bracts
somewhat saccate, broudly obtuse, ciliolate, puberulent; flowers 4 mm. long or
less, rose-red; stamens included; fruit light straw-color or greenish, + mm.
long and about as wide, with 8 prominent vertical ribs on the ventral surface
and about 7 sharp, narrow, long teeth on each side, these usually not incurved,
but extended in the same plane as the body of the fruit; on the dorsal surface
of the fruit are two rows of short-pediceled glands, about 6 glands in each
row; leaves more or less wiavy-margined and the whole surface of the blade
often more or less wavy.
The deseription is based upon plants collected in the Mesilla Valley, New
Mexico, which seem well to match portions of the type collection preserved in
the Bernbardi Herbarium. The name glabra is not an especially appropriate
one,
The species is distinguished by its peculiar fruit whose wings are not in-
curved as they are in other species; whose teeth, too, are sharper and more
numerous. It is also separated by its small, obtuse, purplish and often
glaucous, undulate leaves, and by its slender stems. It is, in New Mexico
and in other places from which I have examined specimens with roots, an
annual plant, while most of the other species are perennials.
Specimens eramined:
Mexico: Environs de Mexico (City), Berlandier, type collection; San
Tas Potosi, 1879, Schaffner 562; near Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 466, 484.
Arizona: Long H Ranch to St: John’s, 1908, Griffiths 5193; Beaver Creek,
1883, Rusby 355.
Texas: Near Colorado, 1900, Aggert.
New Mexico: Mesilla Valley, 1900, Wooton; Mesilla Valley, 1907, Wooton
& Standley 3893; Albuquerque, 1894, Herrick; Santa Fe, 1847, Fendler
634: 20 miles south of Roswell, 1900, Karle 321: Gray, 1898, Skehan 102;
Santa Fe, 1898, Cockerell; Santa Fe, 1881, Hngelmann; south of Las
Cruces, 1906, Standley; Delaware Creek, 1893, Nealley (in part).
3. Wedelia incarnata (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 583, 1891.
Allionia incarnata 1. Syst. ed. 10. 890. 1759.
Although I have separated several varieties from this species, the specimens
included here would probably bear still further division. The greatest trouble
in making separations is found in the occurrence of numerous intergrading
forms. Forms are found which connect all of these varieties with the species,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAF OF THE UNITED STATES. 333
It is almost impossible to find two specimens which match each other in every
important detail.
Specimens exramined :
TEXAS: El Paso, 1884, Jones 38776; Mexican Boundary Survey 1116; Upper
Llano, 1885, Reverchon 1585: Barstow, 1902, Tracy 8346; along Devils
River, 1900, Hggert; near Big Springs, 1900, Hggert: 1849, Wright
597. ,
New Mexico: Organ Mountains, 1897, Wooton 145: Burro Mountains.
1903, Metcalfe 724; near Cliff, 1908, Metcalfe 149: below Highrolls,
1905, Wooton, a form with white flowers that seems to be not uncom-
mon; near Lake Arthur, 1905, Wooton; Delaware Creek, 1893,
Nealley 8.
Mexico: Near Chihuahua, 1886, Pringle 1062: Saltillo, 1898. Palmer 81.
ARIZONA: Santa Rita Forest Reserve, 1903, Griffiths 5908: Tucson, 1894,
Toumey.
CoLorapo: Canyon City, 1873, Greene 6,
BouiviA: Bolivian Plateau, 1891, Bang 92s.
The species is said to extend into South America as far as Argentina and
Chile.
sau. Wedelia incarnata anodonta Standley, subsp. nov.
This subspecies is distinguished by the form of the fruit whose wings have
smooth margins, not toothed as in all other species and varieties. Otherwise
the plant is like the species, The plants with this kind of fruit are somewhat
variable, and it is possible that two forms have been included in the specimens
listed under this one subspecies.
Type in the herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History, no. 155550,
collected on * plains of western New Mexico,” July, 1880, Rusby 355.
Other specimens examined:
NEW Mexico: Valverde, north of the Jornado del Muerto, 1846, Wislizenus
b4; Albuquerque, 1846, Wislizenus 18.
ARIZONA: Yucca, 1884, Jones; Beaver Creek, 1883, Rusby 286.
The Arizona plants are rather larger and more robust than those from New
Mexico.
éb. Wedelia incarnata villosa Standley, subsp. noy.
Perennial from a thick, woody root; stems branched mostly from the base,
stout, villous throughout, straw-colored ; leaf blades elliptical, acutish or obtuse,
34 mm. long and 18 mm. wide or less, rounded or oblique at the base, short-
villous on both surfaces, especially on the veins; petioles mostly about one-half
as long as the blades; peduncles 2 cm. long or less, slender, villous, few; bracts
about 7 mm. long, ovate, not saccate, acutish; stamens about as long as the
perianth or slightly exserted; fruit straw-colored, about 4.5 mm. long, with 38
rather conspicuous ventral nerves, and with 2 or 8 irregular, low, and blunt
teeth on each wing.
The variety is distinguished by its villous stems and leaves and its large
flowers, whose stamens are often exserted. Type in the herbarium of Field
Museum of Natural History, collected on * mesas and foothills” in Arizona,
May 22, 1881, Pringle; cotype in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical
Garden.
Other specimens cxamined:
ARIZONA: Fenced area, Santa Rita Forest Reserve, 1903, Griffiths 4405,
4784; near Fort Huachuca, 1894, Wilcow 265, 147; Fort Grant, B. H.
Dutcher 16, 17, 18; Santa Catalina Mountains, 1880, Lemmon; Tubae
884 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
to Sopori, 1903, Grifiths 6135; near Clifton, ISSO, Greene; Fort Whip-
ple, 1865, Cowes & Palmer 467, 281; Castle Creek, Ts02, Towmey 471a;
rabuquivari Valley, 1903, Griffiths 8967.
Cimuanvua: Mexican Boundary Line near White Water, 1892, JJearns
368, 361,
CoLorAbo: Soda Spring Ledge, Canyon City, IST4, Brandegee SOG.
8c, Wedelia incarnata nudata Standley, subsp, nov.
Perennial from a thick, woody root: stems slender, with scattered, short, soft,
more or less viscid hairs; internodes long, especially the upper ones; leaf blades
oval or elliptical, 26 mm. long and 14 mm. wide or less, obtuse, ‘ather densely
puberulent on both surfaces, rounded or oblique at the base; the upper blades
much smaller, more acute, and with shorter petioles; petioles one-half as long
as the blades or shorter; peduncles 10 mm. or less in length; bracts 4 mm.
long or less, elliptical, acutish; flowers 6 min, or less in length, the stamens
included: fruit straw-colored, 3 mm. long, with a prominent ventral nerve, the
laternl ones faint or wanting, the wings with 2 or 3 low, rather obtuse, incurved
teeth.
Nearest subspecies villosa, but its stems less pubescent, the internodes longer,
and the stem less leafy above, the flowers and leaves smaller. Type in the
herbarium of the University of California, collected in Coyote Canyon, western
border of the Colorado Desert, in the Lower Sonoran Zone, at an altitude of
about 1,540 meters, 1902, Hall 2799.
Other specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Palm Canyon, 1901, /fall US72.
NevapaA: Moapa, 1905, Wennedy 1110; Muddy Valley, 1906, Nennedy &
Goodding.
The following should probably be placed here, although they have rather
larger leaves and fruit and their flowers are slightly larger. In general ap-
pearance, habits, etc., they resemble most this variety.
Uran: St. George, 1902, Goodding 809; St. George, 1875, Palmer; Toquer-
ville, 1804, Jones GOST; La Verken, 1894, Jones 5191.
Arizona: Northeast of Holbrook, 1901, Ward.
. 5. ALLIONTA Loefl.
Allionia Toefl. Iter Hisp. 181.1758.
Vitmania Turra ex Cav. Ie. 3:53. 1794, not Vitmannia Vahl, 1794.
Orybaphus L/Her. Willd. Sp. Pl 1: 185. 1797.
Calyxhymenia Ortega, Noy. Rar, Pl. Hort. Matr. 5, 1797,
Calymenia Pers. Syn. 1: 36. 1805.
Mirabilis Heimer! in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3’: 24. 1894, in part, not L.
Perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent, with the branches of the stem and
inflorescence opposite or alternate; leaves opposite, rather fleshy, entire, petioled
or sessile; flowers 1 to 5 in each involucre, white, pink, purplish red, or crimson,
surrounded by a gamophyllous, 5-lobed involucre which is enlarged and mem-
branous in fruit; perianth campanulate or infundibuliform, often oblique,
with an erect or spreading limb; stamens 2 to 5, unequal, filaments very slen-
der, united at the base; fruit club-shaped, 5-angled or 5-ribbed, pubescent or
glabrous.
The genus was based upon a plant which was later named Allionia violacea
L. Vitmania and Oxybaphus were founded on A. viscosa ; Calyxhymenia upon
A, glabrifolia; and Calymenia upon six species, all true Allionias, without the
designation of any one of them as the type.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 335
The genus Allionia contains about 20 species besides those cited here. It is
best represented in the western and southwestern parts of the United States
and in Mexico; it extends into South America as far as Chile and Peru. It is
a remarkable fact that one species, A. Wimalaica, extends into the Himalaya
Mountains of Asia, the only species to be found outside the western hemisphere.
A number of species occur in Mexico which are not included in this paper
because of the inability of the author to secure reliable material of them. A
considerable number of sheets of Mexican origin were seen which were referred
by their collectors to A. violacea, A. glabrifolia, and similar species, but the
author was unable to determine them satisfactorily, the only material in whose
identity any confidence could be placed being that in the Bernhardi Herbarium.
The various species, although they do not usually cover such wide ranges as
the species of Boerhaavia, extend sometimes over rather large areas. Some
species, such as A. hirsuta and A. nyctaginea, are found almost throughout
the central-western part of the United States, while others, judging from the
material now in the various herbaria, are confined to very small areas, areas as
small as those occupied by species of Abronia. In this matter of the extent of
distribution of individual species this genus stands midway between Abronia
and Boerhaavia.
Allionin can be at once divided into two natural sections, one with flowers
whose perianths are crimson in color and have a conspicuous tube, and the
other with flowers whose perianths are purplish, pink, white, or greenish, but
never scarlet, and are campanulate in form,: It is possible that at some time
the crimson-flowered species will be found worth separating as a new genus.
They are so like the other species in habit and general appearance, however,
that the writer has thought best to leave them in the genus Allionia.
There is room for some interesting field work in this genus, especially in
order to determine the relation of the forms with axillary infiorescence to those
with panicled or cymose inflorescence. ‘The opinion has been expressed by
various persons that some of the forms with axillary flowers may be merely
depauperate or shade forms of species with more numerous flowers. A. aggre-
gata bears a very striking resemblance to A. hirsuta, A. decumbens to A. lanec-
olata, and A. bodini to A. linearis, Several other similar cases could be men-
tioned. The possibility of A. aggregata and A. hirsuta being variations of the
same plant is made more plausible by the fact that they occupy practically the
same area of distribution; the same is true in the other two instances men-
tioned. If it should be proved that one of. these pairs is related in the way
suggested—that is, that the axillary-flowered plant is merely a form of another
larger plant induced by peculiar environmental conditions—then such plants as
A. decumbens, A. aggregata, and others should, of course, take the rank of
subspecies of the species to which they are most closely related. There are a
few of the forms with axillary involucres which do not seem to be closely
related to other more complex forms, but perhaps this is because the plants to
which they are related have not yet been collected.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Perianth scarlet, with a conspicuous tube; leaves linear.
Plants sparingly branched, tall and erect; involucres
8-fruited; flowers not cleistogamous__ ~~ ~------~-- 1. A. coceinea.
Plants diffusely branched, lower; involucres mostly
1-fruited; flowers usually cleistogamous; plants
more slender.
386 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Leaves filiform —--~_~------- ~~~ 2a.
Leaves linear.
Stems glabrous except on and near the pedicels — 2.
Stems scabrate almost throughout ~~ ~~ ______ vb.
Perianth not scarlet: campanulate.
Leaves linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate.
Inflorescence paniculate or Cymose.
Fruit glabrous.
Plant low and slender; leaves linear: inflores-
A. gracillima filifo-
lia.
A. gracillinu.
A. gracillimea sca bri-
data,
cence cymose, i.e, its branches alternate. 3. A. petrophila.
Plant tall and stout; leaves wider and thicker ;
inflorescence paniculate, i. e.. with opposite
branches_ ~~~. oe.
Fruit not glabrous.
Plants tall, erect, stout; stems simple or spar-
ingly branched: inflorescence paniculate;
leaves sessile.
Stems glabrous below___________________ D.
Stems more or less hirsute below —~_______ | Da,
Plants lower; stems more branched and diffuse,
or the inflorescence cymose.
Leaves divaricate, distinctly petioled ;
branches of the inflorescence merely viscid-
puberulent_——~--_--_--_-- ee 6.
Leaves mostly erect, sessile; branches of the
inflorescence densely viscid hairy.
Plant low; leaves thick and dull green___ 7.
Plant larger and much more branched;
leaves thin and bright green_________ S.
Inflorescence axillary or of few-flowered clusters
at the ends of the branches.
Lobes of the involucre elliptical, rather obtuse;
plants very slender, the stems simple or spar-
ingly branched ~~ ~~-_~ ~~~ ee 11.
acute; plants much branched.
Involucre covered with long and soft hairs;
leaves more or less subpilose; fruit with
thick, smooth ribs, obtuse. -.~~---_-_ 9,
Involucre puberulent; leaves glabrous; fruit
with narrower and less conspicuous ribs,
neute 10.
Leaves neither linear nor narrowly linear-lanceolate,
Inflorescence axillary.
Stems hirsute______-___--____- eee 12.
Stems not hirsute.
Stems glabrous below.
Stems slender, sparingly branched; leaves
glabrous____--___--_-- ee 13.
oo A glabra.
A. linearis,
A. linearis subhis-
pida,
A. diraricata,
“A. diffusa,
A. glandulifera,
AL pinetorum.
A. vaseyi.
A. bodini,
A. aggregata,
A. decumbens,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 337
Stems stouter, much branched; leaves con-
spicuously ciliate-.-__-_-.--._----------- 14. A. ciliata,
Stems puberulent throughout, low, much
branched.
Leaves ovate to elliptical, obtuse; bracts
obtuse____-__---------------------~----- 15. A. pumila.
Leaves lanceolate, acute; bracts acute____- 16. A. brandegei.
Inflorescence not axillary.
All leaves except the uppermost conspicuously
petioled,
Plants 1 to 2 meters tall; flowers very large;
stems pubescent throughout; leaves cor-
date, pubescent.
One flower in each involucre; stems and
leaves viscid; branches of the inflorescence
opposite; petioles, even those of the upper
leaves, long ~~~--_---------------------- 1. 4A. viscosa,
Two or 8 flowers in each involucre; stems
and leaves puberulent but not viscid;
branches of the inflorescence alternate;
petioles shorter, the uppermost leaves al-
most sessile. ~~ ee 20. AL rotata,
Plants considerably lower and with much
smaller flowers.
Lenves thick, fleshy, and rather rigid; stems
pubescent = throughout: inflorescence
bracteate.
Stems soft - pubescent or puberulent
throughout; leaves with long petioles. 17. A. pachyphylla.
Stems hirsute; petioles shorter; leaves
larger ~-.-----___--___---_ +--+ ++ 18, A. polytricha,
Leaves thin and soft; inflorescence seldom
bracteate (so in a few species only).
Stems pubescent throughout.
Stems subhirsute below; plant rather
slender; leaves lanceolate or lance-
ovate, rounded or cuneate at the base_ 2°. A. greggti.
Stems not subhirsute below, but puberu-
lent or finely pubescent.
Leaves glabrous; plant tall and
stout; leaves broadly ovate or ob-
long, truncate or rounded at the
base _.__------ 24. A. gigantea,
Leaves pubescent.
Leaves ovate, cordate or rounded
at the base______________-__--_- 23. A. comata,
Leaves lanceolate, cuneate or
rounded ut the base ___ ~~ ~~ 21. A. coahuilensis,
Stems not soft-pubescent or puberulent
throughout, mostly glabrous below.
Fruit) glabrous: leaves cordate-ovate
inflorescence bracteate____--------~-. 31, A, terensis.
335 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Fruit not glabrous,
Involucral bracts large, usually 15
mm, or more in diameter when
mature, sparingly puberulent or
almost glabrous at maturity: up-
per leaves with evident petioles ;
stems itlmost glabrous above.
Leaves ovate, cordate at the
base oe 25. A. nyctagined,
Leaves narrowly ovate to oblong,
rounted or cuneate at the base,
hot cordate____. oe 26. A. floribunda,
ture less than 15 mim. broad, usu-
ally not more than 10 0 nin,
densely pubescent; upper leaves
mostly sessile; stems densely pu-
bescent above.
Inflorescence conspicuously bracteate 27. A. latifolia,
Inflorescence hot couspicuously
bracteate.
Bracts broadly ovate, obtuse,
puberulent; inflorescence — not
forming a broad cyme; leaves
oblong-lanceolate, rounded at
the base, blunt-pointed____- 28, A. oblongifolia.
Bracts elliptical or narrowly
ovate, densely hairy ; inflores-
cence mostly broadly cymose.
Stamens 5; stem subhirsute
nimost throughout: leaves
deltoid-ovate to broadly lan-
coolate. 29, A, pratensis,
Stamens 5; stem subhirsute
below: leaves lanceolate,
acute, rounded, or tapering
at the base; bracts usually
with abundant black hairs _. 380, A. melanotricha,
Leaves sessile or with very short and inconspicu-
ous petioles,
Inflorescence with numerous reduced, bract-
like lenves oo ~~~ ee B82. 4. bracteata,
Inflorescence usually not bracteate.
Stems more or less pubescent below.
I'ruit) ghibrous 22 22 eee 37. A. carlefoni.
Fruit not glabrous.
Stems more or less hirsute.
Stems hirsute throughout; leaves also
hirsute, especially on the lower sur-
face, lanceolate: plant very stout _— 383. A. hirsuta,
Stems hirsute only about the nodes;
leaves glabrous and narrower: plant
more slender —_____- 34. A. pilosa,
S'TTANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES.
Stems not at all hirsute.
Stems densely soft-pubescent through-
339
out. —_ 35. A. chersophila,
Stems rough- puber ulent.
Plant stout; leaves linear-lanceo-
late, 55 mm. long and 17 mim.
wide or less; lobes of the involu-
cre elliptical or ovate, obtuse_---- 420. A, pseudaggregata
subhirsuta.
Plant smaller and more slender:
leaves linear-lanceolate, 27 mm.
long and 5 mm. wide or less;
lobes of the involucre lanceolate
or elliptical, acute - oe 36. A. trichodonta.
Stems glabrous below.
Fruit glabrous____----------------------- BS. A. eraltata,
Fruit not glabrous.
Lower leaves ovate, rounded at the base. 3%, A. sessilifolia,
Lower leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceo-
late, narrowed at the base.
Branches of the inflorescence alter-
nate, forming a cyme; leaves thin,
tapering at both ends, more or less
pubescent —-_----—-- . 42. A. pseudaggregata
Branches of the inflorescence “alterna ite,
forming a panicle.
Perianth white: leaf blades thin,
acute, or acuminate ——~-—~--------- 41. A, albida.
Perianth pink: leaf blades thick,
blunt-pointed.
Involucre 3-flowered and 3-fruited_ 40. A. lanceolata,
Involucre 1-flowered and 1-fruited_ 40a. A. lanceolata wni-
flora,
1. Allionia coccinea (Torr.) Standley.
Orybaphus coccineus Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound, 169. 1859.
Mirabilis coccinea Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. 3: 5, T8800.
Allionia linearis coccinea Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10:51. 1902,
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Copper mines, Wright 1728, type collection ; Kingston, 1904,
Vetcealfe 1379; Mangas Springs, 1905, Metcalfe 91; Mogollon Creek,
1903, Metcalfe 229; Rio Apache, 1892, Wooton; 5 miles west of Silver
City, 1906, Wooton; Silver City, 1880, Greene; Burro Mountains, 1880,
Rusby 354; Eagle Peak, 1900, Wooton; Mexican Boundary Survey
1115.
Arizona: Bradshaw Mountains, 1892, Touwmey 482; Putnams, 1890, Jones;
Prescott, 1804. Toumeys Nogales, 1892, Brandegee ; mouth of Blue
River, 1905. Hough; Fort Huachuca, 184. Wilcox 207; Fort Rucker,
1879, R. T. Budd: Marsatzal Mountains, 1867, Doctor
Smart 227
Lowell, 1884, Parish; Hassayamipa Creek, 1865, Cowes & Palmer O74,
874: Santa Rita Mountains, 1881, Pringle; Fort Apache, 1908, Mayer-
hoff 117.
Mexico: San José Mountains, Sonera, 1893, Mearns 1757.
340 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
+. Allionia gracillima Standley, sp. nov.
Stems 20 to 50 cm. long, from a slender woody root, very slender, much
branched, dichotomous, frequently 4 branches from a single node, the branches
rather densely interlacing, the plant erect or decumbent, the stems glabrous
throughout, more or less glaucous, especially near the nodes; leaf blades thin,
linear, acute, bright green, sessile, 10 cm. or less in length; involucres single
in the axils of the leaves on filiform pedicels, which are G mm. or less. in
length, the pedicels glabrous or with a few minute, appressed hairs; flowers
apparently all cleistogamous; involucres cleft almost. to the base, the lobes
narrowly elliptical, acutish, finely pubescent, about 4 mm. high; fruit 5.5 mi.
or less in length, acutish above, slightly narrowed below with 5 very prominent
and thick, obtuse ribs, finely hispidulous,
I first saw this plant in the herbarium of the University of Arizona, but
hesitated to describe it, thinking it merely an abnormal form. Later, on ex-
amination of the excellent series of specimens of the plant collected by Mr.
Blumer, it could be seen that the plant was distinct from its nearest ally,
A. coccinea, From that species it differs in its more slender and much branched
stem, less erect habit, cleistogamous flowers, and the usually single fruit in the
involucre; the method of inflorescence, too, is very different.
Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College, collected in
the Chiracahua Mountains, Arizona, 1907, /. C0. Blumer 1769, near Paradise,
at an altitude of 1540 to 1880 meters. Also collected at Oracle, Arizona, 1905,
Thornber,
2a. Allionia gracillima filifolia Standley, subsp. noy.
This differs from the species in having smaller and thicker filiform leaves.
It also appears to be a smaller plant. The leaves of the species, although
harrow, are not filiform but flat. .
Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College, collected nt
Mangas Springs, New Mexico, August 17, 1902, Wooton.
2b. Allionia gracillima scabridata (Heimer!) Standley.
Mirabilis coccinea scabridata Heimerl, Aun. Cons. et Jard. Geney. 5: 186.
1901.
In the herbarium of the University of Arizona there is a specimen collected
in the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, 1903, Thornber 252, that answers well
to the description of Doctor Heimerl’s variety, in having its stem and leaves
covered with a fine appressed pubescence almost throughout. The type was
collected in the Santa Rita Mountains by Pringle. If this plant is the same
as the type, and I have little doubt that it is, it is more closely related to A,
gracillima than to A, coccinea, differing from the former chiefly in its pubes-
cence and rather wider leaves.
3. Allionia petrophila Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial from a thick root, 50 to 60 em. high; branches erect, strict: stems
sparingly branched, very slender, glabrous except the branches of the in-
florescence, which are finely and sparingly puberulent, pale or glaucous: leaf
blades linear, 75 mm. long or less, of medium texture, glabrous, acutish, ses-
sile; inflorescence dichotomously cymose, the cymes narrow, few-flowered ;
involucres on pedicels about 5 mm. long and densely soft-pubescent ; involucres
about 10 mm. in diameter, the lobes broadly ovate, obtuse, densely soft-
pubescent, the lobes as long as the tube or shorter; fruit brown, 4 mm. long,
‘ather obtuse above or acutish, narrowed below, with 5 very thick, tuberculate
ribs, the narrow spaces between the ribs tuberculate, glabrous.
STAN DLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 341
Readily distinguished by its glabrous, tuberculate fruit and strict. slender
habit. Type in the herbarium of the University of California (sheet 101176),
collected on rocky hills near Chihuahua, Mexico, September, 1886, Pringle 840.
4. Allionia glabra (S. Wats.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 583. 1891.
Oxrybaphus glaber S. Wats. Am, Nat. 7: 301, 1875.
On account of its glabrous fruit and stems this is a very distinct species.
The involucres are usually 1-flowered. The type material consisted of merely
a few panicles in fruit broken from the ends of the stems, but there is little
doubt about the identity of the plant.
Type locality, Kanab, Utah.
Specimens eramined:
Urau: Southern Utah, 1872, Win Thompson 303.
ARIZONA: Northeastern Arizona, 1896, Hough 53.
New Mexico: Mesilla Valley, 1907, Wooton & Standley 3895; Mesilla
Valley, 1890, Wooton; Arroyo Ranch near Roswell, 1903 Griffiths 5683 ;
Albuquerque, 1894, Herrick; Brockman’s Ranch, 1900, Wooton.
Texas: No locality given, Havard,
5. Allionia linearis Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2: 728. 1814.
Calymenia angustifolia Nutt. Gen. N. A. Pl. 1:26, 1818.
Orybaphus angustifolius Sweet, Hort. Brit. 1: 334. 1826.
Orybaphus angustifolius linearis Choisy in DC, Prod, 18*: 433, 1849,
Mirabilis angustifolia MacM. Metasperm. Minn, Val, 216, 1892,
Allionia bushii Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 22: 223. 1895,
Mirabilis linearis Heimer], Ann. Cons. et Jard. Genev. 5: 186, 1901.
This is an exceedingly variable species, and one that is difficult to study from
herburium material. Such muterial usually does not show the color of the
flowers, nor, what is of more importance, the habit of the plant. As it is defined
here it is probably a composite species, and some of the specimens should per-
haps even be placed in some of the closely related species. Some of the plants
are noteworthy because of their bracted inflorescence which has slender and
much jointed branches. Whether this form is worthy of separation I have
been unable to determine.
Specimens cxcamined in part:
ARIZONA: Base of San Francisco Mountains, 1884, Lemmon; mesa west
of Buckskin Mountains, 1894, Jones 6063b; San Francisco Mountains,
1889, Knowlton 178; Walnut Canyon near Flagstaff, 1891, MVacDougal.
New Mexico: Organ Mountain foothills, 1894, Wooton; White Mountains,
1897, Wooton 77; Mangas Springs, 1901, Metcalfe; Dog Spring, Dog
Mountains, 18938, Mearns 2421; Sierra Grande, 1908, Hoirell 225;
Crawfords, 1906, Wooton; Zuni Reservation, 1904, Wooton 2830; Raton,
1899, Cockerell; Rio Frisco, 1900, Wooton; mountains north of Santa
Rita, 1900, Wooton; Socorro, 1881, Vasey; Chiz, 1904, Wooton 2828;
Roswell, 1900, Zarle 365; Capitan Mountains, 1900, Marle 495; Gila
Hot Springs, 1900, Wooton.
Cotorapo: Colorado Springs, 1892, C. S. Sheldon 563; Grand Junction,
1894, Jones 5476: Platte River, Denver, 1878, Jones 668; Durango,
1896, Tweedy 591; Fort Collins, 1898, 2150; near Boulder, 1902,
Ticeedy 5208, 5209; Canyon City, 18738, Brandegee 487: New Windsor,
1904, Osterhout, 2926.
Wyrominc: Wheatland, 1894. A, Nelson 879; North Fork of the Laramie
River near Prayers Crossing, 1899, Schuchert,
342 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
SouTH DAkKota: Near Fort Meade, 1887, Forwood 314a, 313; Hot Springs,
1892, Rydberg 958; French Creek, 1892, Rydberg, 957: White River,
1802, Wileor; Spring Creek Basin, 1891, 7. A. Williaues.
NEBRASKA: Minden, #7. //apeman; Beaver Creek, 1803, FF. BL Clements
2665; Kearney, 1889, J. H. Holms; Kearney, 1899, Paimimel; Republican
Valley, 1898, W. A. Laybourn 56,
KANSAS: Garden City, 1890, B. B. Sinyth 198; Riley County, 1895, /. B.
Norton 421: Caldwell, 1890, Smyth 269; Osborne City, 1894, Shear 98;
Fort Riley, 1802, Gayle.
Missourl: Wayne, 1900, Bush S25 (this is cited by Doctor Rydberg as A.
bracteata, but it does not seem to be that species, for its leaves are
much narrower and thicker and the aspect of the plant is very different).
ILLINOIS: Romeo, 1898, Umbach,
OKLAHOMA: Anadarko, 1891, (. S. Sheldon 178; Huntsville, 1896, Laura A.
Blankinship; Limestone Gap, ISTT, Butler,
TEXAS: Pedernales, Jermy 518; 1849, Wright 606; Colorado, 1902, Tracy
S072; Estelline, 1908, Reverchon 368Ta; Big Springs, 1902, Tracy S345;
San Antonio, 1. WM. Wilkinson 143.
Mr. K. K. Mackenzie writes me that 1. bushii Britton, which he has seen in
its type locality, Jackson County. Missouri, is an artificial form of 1. linearis,
which grows rather commonly along the railroad tracks. When this is cut down
by the section men small, depauperate shoots spring up from the stubs that are
Jeft, and one of these was described as A. bushii,
The following collections could be referred here, if anyone cares to maintain
this form as a variety:
Missouri: Jackson County, 1893, Bush.
KANSAS: Ulysses, 1898, C. Hf. Thompson 5S: Kearney County, TS0T, Hiteh-
cock 421a; Tribune, 1802, Minnie Reed,
OKLAHOMA; Near Alva, 1896, Ward 70; Sapulpa, 1894, Bush 472,
da. Allionia linearis subhispida (Heimerl) Standley.
Mirabilis linearis subhispida Heimer], Ann. Cons. et Jard. Genev, 5:186. 1901.
This is distinguished from the species by its stem which is more or less
hirsute throughout, the pubescence extending to the leaves. It seems to be a
smaller plant, too, and is probably a good species, but the author has seen no
very good material.
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Capitan Mountains, 1900, Marle 883, type collection: south of
San Rafael, 1906, Wooton; Atarque, 1906, Wooton; Gray, 1898, Skehan
100; Magdalena, 1897, Herrick 65s.
G. Allionia divaricata Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: 691. 1902,
From A. /inearis this is distinguished chiefly by its long, thin, acuminate
leaves, which are also wider, and by the prominent petioles: from A. diffusa by
the less pubescent peduncles, taller and less branched stem, and the petioled
leaves; from A. glandulifera by its less branched habit, narrower and petioled
leaves, and Jess abundant and different pubescence. The species is also more
or less closely related to A. melanotricha. :
Specimens examined:
CoLorAbo: Durango, 1898, Baker, Karle & Tracy 512a, type collection : Colo-
rado Springs, 1896, Knowlton & > near Florissant, 1905. Ramaley 1372;
Sapinero, ISOS, H. NV. Wheeler 567; Arkansas River Valley, 1873, Wolf
S11; Minnehaha, 1901, Clements 112: Berwind, 1900, Jennie MW. Arehi-
bald; Sierra Mojada, 1877, Brandegee; Manitou, 1885, Fritchey;: Fort
Collins, 1896, Baker,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES, 343
Urau: Salt Lake City, 1880, Jones 1865; Marysvale, S04, Jones 5904.
New Mexico: Glorieta, 1881, Vasey; Santa Ire Canyon, 197, Heller 8848 ;
Chusea, 1888, C. C. Marsh; West Fork of the Gila, 1900, Wooton; San-
dia Mountains, 1898, Herrick 1012.
ARIZONA: San Francisco Mountains, 1889, Knowlton 11: Flagstaff, 1884,
Jones 4057: Bill Williams Mountain, 1883, Rusby 792; south of Bakers
Butte, 1892, Toumey 486; San Francisco Mountains, 1884, Lemmon;
Leroux Spring, 1901, Leibery 5st.
7, Allionia diffusa Heller, Minn. Bot, Stud. 2:33, 180s.
This is a plant that is very difficult to understand and determine from her-
barium material A considerable number of the specimens below referred here
may be wrongly determined on this necount. The plant is distinguished from
A. linearis chiefly by its diffuse habit, a character dificult to show in dried
specimens,
New Mexico: Ten miles west of Santa Fe, 1807, Meller 3740, type collec-
tion: Mangas Springs, 1902, Wooton; Eagle Creek, White Mountains,
1809, Turner 288; Little Mountain, near Las Cruces, 1902, Metcalfe;
Kingston, 1904, Metcalfe 1349; near Carrizozo, 1901, Wooton; Albu-
querque, 1900, Winnie Howard 13% White Mountains, 1897, Wooton 240;
Sierra Grande, 1903, 4. H. Howell 232; Santa Fe, 1881, Hngelmann,
CoLorapo: Denver, 1881, Ward; eastern Colorado, 1904, W. S. Cooper 24;
Fort Collins. 1895, /. Hf. Coien 2147: near Boulder, 1901, Ramaley
801: Trinidad, 1892, Kastwood; Piedra, 1899, Baker.
Texas: Limpia;Canyon, 1889, Vealley 617.
ARIZONA: Plains near Flagstaff, 1900, Purpus 8072: Cedar Mountains, 1902,
Purpus; Tanners Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, 1893, FX. ffols-
ner 5GOT.
Wyominc: Valley of South Stinking Water, 1895, lose 182.
&, Allionia glandulifera A. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 34: 364. 1902.
Various authorities have stated that this is the same as A. diffusa, Tt cer-
tninly resembles that species very closely, but I do not believe that it can he
the sume. 1. glandulifera is a larger, rather more branched plant of a much
brighter green color. It also seems to be more pubescent and glandular.
Specimens eramined:
Wyomine: Head of Woods Creek, Albany County, 1900, 1. Velson SOAS;
plains between Sheridan and Butfalo, 1900, Ticeedy 5557 > Cottonwood
Canyon, 1895, A. Velson 1560; Laramie, 1900, 4. Nelson T7637. Wheat-
land, 1894, 4. Velson 379. Sheridan Experiment Farm, 1895, J. 1.
Lewis, 47,
MoNTANA: Sand Coulee, 1S85, RLS. Williqiis,
INDEFINITE REGIONS: Near mouth of the Cheyenne Liver, Upper Missouri,
1839, Geyer GT; Yellowstone, top—4d, Hayden; head of the Little Mis-
souri, 1859, Hayden: sandy bed of Cheyenne River, 1859, /ayden,
9, Allionia vaseyi Standley, sp. nov.
Stems low, about 20 em. high, sprending, much branched, the branching
dichotomous, glabrous below or minutely roughened, more or less soft-pubescent
above near the ends of the branches; leaf blades linear, sessile, thick and
fleshy, slightly or somewhat pilose on the lower surfaces; involueres axillary
or a few clustered at the ends of the branches, short-pediceled, the pedicels
being shorter than the involucres, about 10 mim, wide and 7 lim. high, the lobes
elliptical or even lanceolate, acute, covered by rather long, soft, matted hairs;
344 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
fruit about 4.5 mm. long, obtuse above, cousiderably narrowed below, with
wide, smooth ribs, the narrow spaces between the ribs tuberculate, puberulent.
The differently formed fruit. pubescent leaves, and more pubescent involueres
separate this plant from A. bodini. Type in the herbarium of Field Museum
of Natural History (no, 161591), collected at El Paso, Tex., 1881, Vasey.
0, Allionia bodini (Holzinger) Morong, Mem. Torr. © lub 5: 354. 1894,
Orybaphus bodini Holzinger, Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 287. 1893.
Specimens ernaminced:
CoLorapo: Pueblo, 1890, Bodin 236, type; Fort Collins, 1895, 7. HW. Cowen
2129; Canyon City, 1873, Brandegee 824: New Windsor, 1905, Osterhout
190,
Sour DaKkora: Near Fort Meade, 1887, Forwood 314.
Uran: Rabbit Valley, 1875, Ward 565: near P rice, 1894, Jones 460a
TEXAS: 1849, Wright.
KANSAS: Seward County, 1888, 7. W. Norris 108.
ARIZONA: Base of the San Francisco Mountains, 1SS4, Lemanon.
WYoMING: Between Sheridan and Buffalo, 1900, Tireedy 5536,
1. Allionia pinetorum Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial from a thick, fleshy root about 18 mm. thick or less; stems few
from each root, rarely more than 2. 35 cm. or less in height, very slender, sim-
ple or very sparingly branched, glabrous below, very minutely soft-puberulent
above; leaves sessile, narrowly linear, thin, 65 mm, long and 3 mm. wide or
less, sharp-pointed, glabrous, divaricate or asc ending; inflorescence axillary or
of small, loose, terminal, few-flowered cymes; involucres on pubescent pedicels &
mm. long or less; upper leaves sometimes reduced to bracts; involucres 8 min.
wide and 6 mm. high or less, the lobes elliptical or oblong, obtuse, rather densely
soft-puberulent: flowers apparently all cleistogamous: fruit 3.5 mm. long, in-
conspicuously 5-angled, very minutely and sparingly hispidulous.
This is perhaps as closely related to 4. bodini as to any species. but it is
# much more slender, less branched plant, its leaves narrower and thinner.
Type collected at Gilmodre’s Ranch, on Eagle Creek, White Mountains, New
Mexico, August, 1907, Wooton & Standley 8896, growing on a rather dry hill-
side with a southern exposure, under pine trees; altitude about 2.270 meters,
Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College.
2. Allionia aggregata (Ortega) Spreng. Syst. 1: 384. 1825.
Calyxhymenia aggregata Ortega, Nov. Rar. Pl. 8: pl. 11, 1798,
Oxrybaphus aggregatus Vahl, Enum. 2:41, 1806, in part.
Specimens eramined:
Wyomine: Whalen Canyon, 1894, 4. Nelson 4014.
NorTH DAKOTA: Lisbon, 1891,
Missouri: No locality given, 1883, Bush.
NEBRASKA: Fort Clark, 1855, Hayden,
One sheet collected by Wright, 1851-52, no number, in the National Her-
barium belongs here,
13, Allionia decumbens ( Nutt.) Spreng. Syst. 1: 3584. 1825,
Mirabilis aggregata Cay. le, 5:22. 487. 1799.
Oxrybaphus aggregatus Vahl, Enum. 2: 41. 1806, in part.
Calymenia decumbens Nutt. Gen. N. A. Pl, 1:26. 1818.
On
Orybaphus decumbens Sweet, Hort, Brit, 1: 334. 1826,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 345
*
Orybaphus angustifolius decumbens Choisy in DC. Prod. 137: 443. 1849.
Type locality, “On high, bare. gravelly hills near Fort Mandan on the Mis-
souri.”’
Specimens eramined: .
Missouri: Little Blue Tank, Jackson County, Bush 183: Independence, |
1894, Bush 486; Swan, 9S. Bush 237: Independence, 1882, Bush 3:
Allenton, 1875, Letterman; Potosi, 1861, Ff. Peck: Jackson County,
1892, Bush 2097.
TEXAS: Bexar County, Jermiy 125.
NortH Dakota: Medora, 1891. //. L. Bolley 1311.
CoLoraADo: Canyon City, 1873, Brandegee TOO.
14. Allionia ciliata Standley, sp. nov.
Orybaphus aggregatus Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 168, 1858, not Vahl.
Plant low, 20 cm. high, erect, abundantly dichotomous-branched, especially
near the base; stems angled, at least when dry, glabrous below, with a few
scattered, weak hairs above; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, thin, blunt-pointed,
rounded, cuneate, or attenuate at the base, the margins very irregular and with
a few conspicuous long, soft, white hairs, a few such hairs seattered over the
surfaces of the leaves as well; petioles 7 mm. long or less, with a few hairs
like those on the blades; inflorescence axillary or a few of the involucres
clustered at the ends of the branches; involucres short-pediceled, the pedicels
rather densely long-pubescent, not at all viscid: involucres about 10> mm.
wide and 8 or 9 mm. high, the lobes about as long as the tube, acutish, sparingly
puberulent or glabrous, ciliolate-margined; fruit + mim. long, brown, rather
obtuse above, slightly narrowed below, 5-ribbed, the ribs thick and more or
less tuberculate, the narrow spaces between them also tuberculate, glabrous.
The plant in habit suggests A, brandegei or A. pumila, but its almost
glabrous stem and different pubescence at once distinguish it. Type U. S.
National Herbarium no, 22690, cotype in the herbarium of the Missouri Bo
tanical Garden; collected at Smith’s Run, western Texas, 1851-52, Wright 1717
The specific name above adopted was used by Professor Heimer] in her
barium under Mirabilis.
15, Allionia pumila Standley, sp. nov.
Plant low, about 12 cm. high, much branched from a thick, woody root, the
stems sparingly branched: stems rather slender, densely soft-pubescent; leaf
blades ovate or oblong, small, 25 mm. long and 16 mm. wide or less, obtuse
or rounded at the apex, rounded or mostly somewhat attenuate at the base,
rather thick but soft, finely puberulent on both surfaces, yellowish-green : peti-
oles slender, pubescent, mostly as long as the blades or longer, some of the upper-
most a little shorter: involucres solitary in the axils of the leaves, drooping on
short, densely pubescent pedicels; bracts ovate, obtuse, densely soft-pubescent,
10 mm. or less in diameter, about 5 to 6 mm. high; fruit not seen,
A very distinet species on account of its low, dense habit, finely pubescent
stems, and long petioles. It is as closely related to A. aggregata as to any
species, but is different in habit and pubescence. Doctor Heimer! in the National
Herbarium has labeled it A. pilosa (A. Gray) (A. comata Small), but the
latter is a much larger plant with quite different inflorescence. Type U. 8.
National Herbarium no. 22757, collected at Kingman, Arizona, June, 1884,
J. G. Lemmon & Mrs, Lemmon. Also collected at Castle Creek, Arizona, 1892,
Toumey 484,
66788—voL 12, pt S—09——4
346 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
16. Allionia brandegei Standley, sp. noy.
Perennial from a very thick and woody root; stems many from each root,
18 em. high or Jess, erect or spreading, viscid-pubescent throughout, densely so
above; stems mostly simple, sometimes sparingly branched; leaf blades lanceo-
late, 35 mm. long and 14 mm, wide or tess, thick, densely viscid-puberulent on
both surfaces, attenuate toward the apex, cuneate or attenuate at the base;
petioles one-half as long as the blades or usually less, those of the uppermost
blades very short, densely viscid-pubescent; involucres few, axillary, not
more than 1 at any single node, about 18 mm. in diameter and 10 mm. high,
the bracts ovate or triangular-ovate, acute, longer than the tube, densely
puberulent within and without, thick; fruit G mm. long, dark olive, acutish,
with 4 or 5 low, more or less tuberculate ribs, the spaces between the ribs also
tuberculate, very sparingly puberulent, some of the fruits even glabrous;
flowers not seen but probably cleistogamous,
This is most like A. pumila, but its leaves are thicker and more densely
pubescent and of a different shape, the petioles shorter, and the lobes of the
involucre more acute. Type in the herbarium of the University of California
(no. 10164), collected in the Providence Mountains, California, June 2, 1902,
Brandegee. Purpus’s 5905 from Highland Peak, Nevada, seems to be a glabrate
form of this: aside from its less abundant pubescence it does not seem to
differ, and is probably merely an older plant.
17. Allionia pachyphylla Standley, sp. nov.
Low, 30 em. high or less, from a woody root; stems stout, much branched,
with short internodes, low and more or Jess spreading; stems with abundant,
‘ather hispid pubescence throughout; leaf blades ovate, obtuse, truncate, or
subcordate at the base or sometimes attenuate, thick, more or less puberulent
on both surfaces, paler beneath; petioles of the lowest leaves almost as long
as the blades, becoming shorter above, the uppermost leaves almost sessile,
the petioles stout; inflorescence subcymose, of few branches, the branches
with conspicuous, broadly ovate, thick bracts, densely pubescent; involucres
on short, densely pubescent pedicels, about 1 cm. in diameter, their lobes
ovate and densely pubescent; fruit 5 mm. long, acutish above, prominently
5-ribbed, very finely puberulent.
A very distinct species referred to A. pilosa (Gray), from which it is quite
different in habit; its leaves, too, are much thicker, and the fruit more acute.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 211717, collected in Arizona at the Grand
Canyon, 1892, Toumey 485; cotype in the herbarium of the University of
Arizona.
Other specimens secn: '
ARIZONA: Red Canyon ‘Trail, Grand Canyon, 1901, Ward; Grand Canyon,
1892, Wooton; Camp Verde, 1891, JlaceDougal,
18. Allionia polytricha Standley, sp. nov.
Krect from a rather thick and woody root; stems sparingly branched, stout,
hirsute below, the branches of the inflorescence soft-pubescent; leaf blades
ovate, the uppermost rather narrowly so, thick, glabrous or sparingly pilose,
obtuse or rounded at the apex, rounded or truncate at the base, large, 7 em.
long and 5 cm. wide or less: petioles stout, those of the lowest leaves one-third
as long as the blades, the uppermost leaves sessile: inflorescence sparingly
dichotomous-branched, the branches with numerous bract-like, much reduced,
thick, puberulent leaves; involucres short-pediceled or almost sessile, about 10
mm. wide, the bracts thick, broadly ovate, obtuse, 6 mm, high, more or less
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 347
densely soft-pubescent; fruit clavate, minutely strigose, rather obtuse above, 4
or 5 mm. long.
This is not likely to be confused with any species except A. pachyphylla,
It is distinguished from that species by its larger leaves and hirsute pubes-
cence; the stem, too, is less branched. Type in the herbarium of the University
of California (no. 101182) collected at Canyon City, Colo,, August 13, 1872,
Brandegee 437. In the sume herbarium there is a second specimen collected in
the same locality, July 28, 1878, Brandegee, 702.
19. Allionia viscosa (Cayv.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 533. 1891.
Mirabilis viscosa Cay. Ic, Pl. 1: 18. 1791.
Calyrhymenia viscosa Ortega, Nov. Rar, Pl. Hort, Matr. 1:6, 1797,
Calymenia viscosa Pers. Syn. 1:36. 1805.
Vitmania viscosa Turra; Steud. Nom. 140, 1821, as synonym.
Oxrybaphus viscosus 1/Her,; Choisy in DC. Prod, 13°: 480, 1849.
Specimens cramined:
Mexico: Near Tehuacan, Puebla, Pringle S600; Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, 1905,
Purpus 1485; near Tula, Widalgo, 1902, Pringle; Tehuacan, 1841,
Licbmann,
20. Allionia rotata Standley, sp. nov.
Plant probably tall (there are only the ends of branches upon the sheets) ;
stems sparingly puberulent throughout but not viscid, almost glabrous below,
sparingly branched, the branching mostly dichotomous; leaf blades ovate,
obtuse, cordate at the base, glabrous or the uppermost more or less puberulent ;
petioles very short, the uppermost leaves sessile; inflorescence subcymose, its
branches slender and covered with much reduced, bract-like leaves; involucres
on slender pedicels 7 mm. long or less, when mature circular in outline or
scarcely lobed, sparingly soft-puberulent, about 25 mm. in diameter, ciliolate;
fruit 4 mm, long, much narrowed below, obtuse above, 5-ribbed, prominently
transversely ridged or tuberculate, glabrous or minutely puberulent.
From A. viscosa the plant is distinguished by its less pubescent and not
viscid stems and leaves, shorter petioles, alternate branching, and more tubercu-
Inte fruit. The plant has also 2 or 3 flowers and fruits in each involucre while
A. viscosa has uniformly only one. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri
Botanical Garden, collected at Azufrora near Saltillo, Mexico, September 22,
1848, Gregg 511.
21. Allionia coahuilensis Standley, sp. nov.
Stems stout, erect, about 1 meter high, pale below, darker above, with more
or less abundant, short, soft pubescence below which becomes more dense above:
leaf blades lanceolate, 50 mm. long and 17 mm. wide or less, cuneate or rounded
at the base, blunt-pointed, of medium thickness, densely soft-pubescent on both
surfaces, the margins irregular, all leaves except those of the inflorescence
with conspicuous petioles 20 mni. long or less; inflorescence paniculaite, its
branches stout, opposite, very densely viscid-pubescent throughout, the hairs
‘ather long and spreading; branches of the inflorescence with conspicuous.
much-reduced, bract-like leaves, these 5 mm. long or less, ovate, densely viscid-
pubescent ; involucres 12 mm. wide or less and about S min, high. glandular-
villous, on short glandular-villous, often bracted pedicels; lobes of the involucre
broadly ovate or orbicular, broadly obtuse, short; fruit 4 mmm. long, obtuse above,
slightly narrowed below, with 5 smooth, rather prominent ribs, the spaces
between them transversely rugulose and hirtellous,
348 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
This somewhat resembles A. pseudaggregata, but is a larger plant, with
pubescent stems and more densely pubescent inflorescence, the pubescence being
also of a different character; the leaves, too, are prominently petioled, while
those of A. pseudaggregata are mostly sessile, and the inflorescence is paniculate
‘uther than dichotomously branched as it is in the latter species. Type in the
herbarium of the University of California, collected at Saltillo, Coahuila,
Mexico, 1898, Palmer 158.
22. Allionia greggii Standley, sp. nov.
Stems erect, rather slender, more or less subhirsute below, densely glandular-
pubescent above, the branching dichotomous; leaf blades lanceolate or lance-
ovate, mostly blunt-pointed but some of them acutish, rounded or cuneate at the
base, glabrous; petioles one-half as long as the blades, sparingly subhirsute, the
uppermost leaves sessile: inflorescence congested, subcymose; involucres short-
pediceled, the lobes ovate, acute, densely covered with matted hairs, 3-flowered ;
fruit 4 mim. long, with 5 thick but low ribs, not tuberculate, sparingly puberulent.
The smooth and puberulent fruit, obtuse and narrower leaves which are not
cordate at the base, and $-flowered involuecres separate this from A, glebri-
folia, From A. pscudaggregata it is readily distinguished by the blunt, petioled
leaves and more pubescent stem. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri: Botan-
ical Garden, collected at San Antonio, near Saltillo, Mexico, September 1, 1848,
Gregg 394b, 348, 394.
23. Allionia comata Small, I]. Southeast. U. S. 407, 1905.
Orybaphus nyctagineus pilosus A, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 174. 1859, not
Allionia pilosa Nutt.
Specimens examined:
TeExXAS?: Wright 1718, type collection.
New Mexico: Silver City, 1SS0, Greene, Rusby 858; Magdalena, 1Sd7,
Herrick 657,
ARIZONA: Prescott, 1894, Towmey; Santa Rita Mountains, TSSO. Marae,
24, Allionia gigantea Stiundley, sp. nov.
Stems erect, simple below or sparingly branched, very stout and tall, probably
considerably over 1 meter in height, softly dappressed-puberulent throughout ;
leaf blades thick, the lower ones large, 10.5 ecm. long and 8 cm. wide or less,
broadly ovate, obtuse, truncate at the base, almost sessile; the upper leaves
oblong, 8.5 cm. long and 4.5 em. broad or less, obtuse, broadly cuneate or
rounded at the base, prominently veined, short-petioled, the uppermost ones
sessile; inflorescence paniculate, its branches opposite: involueres on pedicels
10 mm. long or Jess, 10 mm. wide, and about 7 mm, high, the lobes broadly ovate,
obtuse, densely and finely puberulent; flowers about 10 mm. long, the stamens
slightly exserted; fruit 5 mm. long, 5-ribbed, the ribs tuberculate, the spaces
between them puberulent, acutish above, somewhat narrowed below.
The large size, thick and peculiarly seen leaves, small involucres, and
pubescent stem separate this plant from A. floribunda and A. nyctaginea, to
which it is most closely related. Type wna duplicate in the herbarium of the
Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Texas, on sands at Buzzards Spring,
August 1, 1902, Reverchon. It was also collected by the same collector on sinds
at Handley, October 38, 1902.
Tracy's 8342 from Weatherford, 1902, seems to be the same plant at a more
mature stage; its involucres are larger, about 16 mm. wide and 10 min. high.
The plant is rather smaller, but it has the peculiar leaves and pubescent stems
of the type,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 349
25, Allionia nyctaginea Michx. Fl. Bor. Am, 1: 100. 1807.
Calymenia nyctaginea Nutt. Gen, N. A. Pl. 26. 1818.
Orybaphus nyctagineus Sweet, Hort. Brit. 1: 224. 1825.
Mirabilis nyctaginea MacM. Metasperm. Minn. Val. 217. 1892.
Doctor Heimer!” places also as a synonym of this species O. cervantesii
grandifolius Choisy in DC. Prod. 187: 433.
Type locality, “Ad ripas fluminis Tennessee.”
Specimens examined in part:
COLORADO: New Windsor, 1906, Osterhout 3454; Boulder, 1905, Ramaley
1108; Boulder, 1902, Ticeedy 5215, 5214; Canyon City, 1875, Brandegee
701; Fort Collins, 1896, Crandall 2131,
WyoMING: Badger, 1901, Ff. Velson GST; Green Mountain, 1896, A, Nelson
29°94: Fairbanks, 1894, A. Nelson 3072: Laramie Peak, 1864, R. B.
Hete.
Montana: Clear Creek, 18 miles above Glendive, 1885, Ward; Calais,
1900, Blankinship.
NortTH Dakota: Leeds, 1902, Lunell.
SouTH Dakora: Hot Springs, 1892, Rydberg 953. ;
NEBRASKA: Gage County, 1882, W. C. Anight; Laneaster County, 1882,
Anight; Sheridan County, 1886, /. B, Hatcher; Newcastle, 1895, FF.
Clements 2607; near Mullen, 1893, Rydberg 1496; Lincoln, 1887, HH. J.
Webber; Franklin, 1898, W. A. Laybourn 19.
Iowa: Tama, 1907, Conard 678; Decatur County, 1903, J. P. Anderson;
near Council Bluffs, 1839, Geyer 65; Fayette County, 1898, B. Fink
571; Iowa City, A. S. Hitchcock.
MINNESOTA: Nicollet, 1892, C. A. Ballard; Minneapolis Falls, 1891, Sand-
berg 945; Hennepin County, 1889, Sandberg; Winona, 1888, Holzinger;
Minneapolis, 1891, Redfield; Bemidji, 1902, C. J. Brand 593.
WISCONSIN: Kilbourn, 1895, Hf. P. Chandler; Madison, 1889, 7'release,
InLinois: Peoria, 1894, Ff. A. McDonald; Princeville, 1897, V. H. Chase;
Chicago, 1898, NV. Z. T. Nelson; Naperville, 1897, Umbach; Oquawka.
1873, H. N. Patterson; River Forest, 1896, A. Chase; Lisle, 1898, Uin-
bach; Cahokia Mound, 1878, Ward; Oak Park, 1887, G. 1. Thayer;
Beardstown, Geyer; Athens, 1863, BH. Hall; Fountaindale, Bebb; Hins-
dale, 1902, FE. C. Smith 653; Berwyn, 1907, W. W. Calkins 192.
INDIANA: Roby, 1907, O. &£. Lansing 2674.
TENNESSEE: Nashville, 1878, Gaftinger.
Texas: Terrell, 1904, 7. J. Tyler; Dallas County, 1876, Reverchon 789;
Cedar Spring, 1902, Reverchon.
OKLAHOMA: Woodward County, 1900, P. J. White; on the False Washita,
between Fort Cobb and Fort Arbuckle, 1868, Palmer 278.
KANSAS: Riley County, 1895, J. B. Norton 420; Osborne City, 1894, C. L.
Shear 44; Manhattan, 1892, Vorton; Manhattan, 1887, Kellerman.
Missouri: St. Louis, Glatfelter; Shefiield, 1899, Bush 306; Jefferson Bar-
racks, 1890; Cooley’s Lake, 1894, Cameron Mann.
MASSACHUSETTS: Cambridge, escaped near the Botanic Garden, 1878, Kel-
lerman,
In the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden there is a sheet of this
species with an old label “Owybaphus nyctaginia Nuttall. Vennassee ad ripas.”
It is barely possible that this may be one of the specimens from which the plant
was first described, for this is the locality given with the original description.
@Ann. Cons, et Jard. Geney. 5: 181, 1901.
350 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
26. Allionia floribunda (Choisy) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 535. 1891.
Allionia ovata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1:97. 1814, not O.cybaphus ovatus Vahl.
1806,
Oxrybaphus floribundus Choisy in DC, Prod, 18°: 433, 1849,
Allionia nyctaginea ovata Morong, Mem, Torr. Club 5: 146. 1894.
Doctor Heimer! @ also gives the following as synonyms of this species :
Calyxhymenia paniculata Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. TIT. 390. 1829.
Oxrybaphus glabrifolius minor Choisy in DC, Prod. 13°: 431. 1849,
Allionia cucullata Mey.:; Fisch. Mey, & Avé-Lall. Ind. Sem. Hort, Petrop,
9, 1844; Animady. 8: 55.
Oxrybaphus cucullatus Choisy, loc. cit. d54.
It is questionable whether this should be maintained as a species or reduced
to a variety of A. nyctaginea; both treatments have been given it by various
authors. The northern plant, the typical form, seems to vary from A. nycta-
ginea principally in the shape of the leaves, certainly not a very good specific
difference. In Texas, however, shading gradually into the northern form, there
is a plant which is very different from A. nyctaginea, Not only are its leaves
different in shape, but the plant is much more slender in every part, and
there are other differences. This plant, I think, certainly deserves specific rank,
and it is so closely related to A. floribunda that IT have thought it better to
include it here under that name rather than give it a new name.
Specimens eramined:
OKLAHOMA: Terlton, 1896, Ward 34; Sapulpa, 1894, Bush 469.
Texas: Comanche Plains, 1853, Bigelow; Austin, 1872, H. Hall 551; Kerr-
ville, 1894, Heller 1757: Bonham, J/rs. J. MM. Milligan; New Braunfels,
1850, Wright; Lampasas, Joor; Bexar County, Jermy 79; Gillespie
County, Jermy TT.
MINNESoTA: Saint Cloud, 1892, F.oW. Dewart.
CoLoRADO: New Windsor, 1897, Osterhout: Denver, 1872, Redfield.
WryoMING: Plumbago Canyon, 1899, Scehuchert.
Sourn Dakota; Near Fort Meade, 1887, Foriwood 316,
Iowa: DeWitt, 1898, Pamiel.
Missour1: Sulphur Springs, Jefferson County, 1898, 7'release 11638; Carroll
County, 1890, Bush 2087; Clarke County, 1892, Bush 2084; road from
St. Louis to Waterloo, 1844, Hngelimann.
ALABAMA: Blount County, 1884, J. D, Smith.
NEBRASKA: Lincoln, 1887, H. J. Webber.
27. Allionia latifolia (A. Gray) Standley.
Orybaphus nyctagineus latifolius A. Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 174. 1859.
A species distinguished by its bracteate inflorescence from the other mem-
bers of the group to which it belongs.
Specimens eramined:
Texas: 1849, Wright 608, type collection; Mexican Boundary Survey
1112, probably Texan.
»S. Allionia oblongifolia (A. Gray) Small, Fl, Southeast. U. 8S. 407. 1908.
O.rybaphus nyctagineus oblongifolius A. Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 174. 1859.
Mirabilis oblongifolia Heimerl, Ann, Conus. et Jard. Geney. 5: 181. 1901.
44nn, Cons, et Jard. Genev. 5: 181. 1901.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 351
This is very closely related to A. floribunda and perhaps hardly separable
from it. Doctor Heimer! confused another and different plant with the tvpe of
Doctor Gray’s variety.
Specimens eraminced:
Texas: 1849, Wright G04, type collection: Houston, 1842, Lindheimer.
29. Allionia pratensis Standley, sp. noy.
Root perennial, long and slender; stems much branched from near the base,
sparingly dichotomous above, erect or ascending, about 40 cm. high, more or
less densely subhispid or subpilose throughout, the uppermost branches densely
so, the hairs more scattered below; leaf blades deltoid-ovate to broadly lanceo-
late, 4.5 cm. long, 8 cm. wide or less, obtuse or the uppermost acute, the lower
ones glabrous, the upper more or less pubescent; petioles as long as the blades
or longer, the uppermost blades sessile; inflorescence cymose, rather dense, its
branches densely puberulent; involucres on pedicels 10 nim. long or less, about
9mm. wide and 7 mim. high or less, the lobes elliptical or ovate, obtuse or acutish,
densely covered with rather long, soft, pale hairs, the free portion as long as
the tube or longer; perianth about 12 mm. long and 17 mm. wide, rose-purple;
stamens 5, exserted: fruit 4 mm. long, obtuse, 5-ribbed, the ribs low and almost
smooth, the spaces between them smooth and minutely hispidulous.
Although rather closely related to A. melanotricha, this plant seems amply dis-
tinct. Its flowers are broader, the stamens more numerous, the pubescence much
more abundant, the petioles longer, the leaves broader and more numerous, the
plant lower and lacking the black hairs found upon the involucres of the latter
species. Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College, col-
lected at Barfoot Park, in the Chiracahua Mountains, Arizona, L907, Blumer
1384.
30. Allionia melanotricha Standley, sp. nov.
Owrybaphus nyctagineus cervantesiti A. Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 174. 1859,
in part at least: not O. cervantesii Lag.
Stems erect, abundantly dichotomous-branched, about GO cm. high, glab-
rous except the branches of the inflorescence, these rather closely covered
with moderately stiff, rather spreading viscid pubescence; leaf blades lance-
olate, 8 cm. long and 38 em. wide or less, bright yellowish-green, attenuate
at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, glabrous except the
sparingly ciliolate margins; petioles one-half as long as the blades or shorter,
those of the uppermost leaves very short; inflorescence cCymose; involucres
numerous on short, densely pubescent pedicels, not more than S mim. broad
and 6 mm. high, densely covered with short, soft hairs, these light-colored
along the margins of the lobes but black elsewhere, the lobes oblong, rounded ,
at the apex, twice as long as the tube; flowers about 16 mm. long and 12 mim.
wide, bright rose-purple; stamens 8, exserted; fruit about 3 mm. long, with
+ or 5 narrow, tuberculate ribs, the smooth surfaces between them sparingly
puberulent.
Docter Heimer] in his notes which are attached to the sheets in the National
Werbarium has called this A. oblongifolia, but the specimens of the type
collection of that species in the National Herbarium «and the Missouri Botanical
Garden are of very different plants. The two differ in the form of the leaves,
in their pubescence and their inflorescence, and in the size of their involucres,
This is the plant called by Doctor Gray O.rybaphus nyctagineus cervantesii, but
it is different from A. cervantesii and certainly not very closely related to A,
nyctaginea, Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College,
352 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
collected at Barfoot Park, in the Chiracahua Mountains, Arizona, 1907, Blumer
1385; altitude about 2,425 meters.
With regard to this and the preceding species, Mr. Blumer writes: " Nos,
147 and 148 are perfectly distinct in the field, though collected within a stone’s
throw of each other—you need have no hesitancy about that. The new one
(A. pratensis) is a cespitose plant and the flowers open wider. That the
flowers are larger and the leaves very different you can see by the specimens.
in all of my Barfoot Park specimens [ made it a point, if possible, to represent
in my gathering the range of variation of the species, and [ remember that in
this case there was no suggestion of intergrades.”’
The following should probably be included here, although they have broader
leaves, frequently with cordate bases:
ARIZONA: Canyon east side of San Luis Mountains, 1893, Mearns 2199;
base of San Luis Mountains, 1893, Vearns 2153; Fort Huachuea, 1894,
Wilcox 400, 298; Rincon Mountains, 1891, Nealley 146,
Mexico: San José Mountains, Sonora, 1893, earns 1761; Coahuila or
Nuevo Leon, 1880, Palmer 1111; Colonia Garcia, Chihuahua, 1899,
Townsend & Barber 244,
NEW Mexico; Pecos, 1904, J/rs. Florence Bartlett; Kingston, 1904, Iet-
calfe 1260; Beulah, 1899, Cockerell; Chama, 1899, Baker 303: Mogollon
Creek, 1903, Metcalfe 664; Organ Mountains, 1897, Tinsley; White
Mountains, 1897, Wooton 221; White Mountain Penk, 1901, Wooton;
Little Creek, White Mountains, 1899, Turner 102; Capitan Mountains,
1900, Farle 195; Upper Rio Pecos, 1898, Maltby & Coghill 164; Cold
Spring Canyon, Sacramento Mountains, 1899, Wooton.
31. Allionia texensis (Coulter) Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 406. 1903.
Oxrybaphus glabrifolius Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 168. 1859, not Vahl.
Allionia corymbosa terensis Coulter. Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 351. 1894,
Specimen ecxramined:
TEXAS: Wright 605, type collection,
32, Allionia bracteata Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: 690. 1902,
This, as defined by Doctor Rydberg, seems to be a composite species and
would probably bear division into two or more. I have seen nothing that
exactly matches the type collection.
Specimens cramined:
Missourt: Malden, 1804, Bush 459, type collection; Poplar Bluff, 1897,
Savage & Stull 982; Springfield, 1892, FLW. Deiart 35: Malden, 1893,
Bush; MeDonald County, 1893, Bush,
OKLAHOMA: Osage Nation, 1895, Kimmons; on the False Washitn between
Fort Cobb and Fort Arbuckle, 1868, Palmer 272; Cherokee Outlet, 1891,
Carleton 501,
ALABAMA: Selma, 1888, MeCarthy.
Texas: Dallas, 1879, Reverehon TST: Dallas, 1880, Rererchon 790: Fort
Worth, 1891, Bodin 237; Palestine, 1884, Joor.
TENNESSEE: Nashville, Gattinger.
33. Allionia hirsuta Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2: 728. 1814.
Calymenia hirsuta Nutt. Gen. N. A. Pl, 26. 1818.
Oxrybaphus hirsutus Sweet, Hort. Brit. 1: 334. 1825.
Mirabilis hirsuta MacM. Metasperm. Minn. Val. 217. 1892.
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Raton Mountains, 1903, Griffiths 5458.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 353
CoLorapo: Colorado Springs, 1884, Letterman 214; Wet Mountain Valley,
1873, Brandegee 699; near Boulder, 1902, Tweedy 5212; near Golden,
1878, Jones 677; Manitou Springs, 1881, Engelmann; Manitou, 1891,
Trelease,
Wvromine: Pine Bluffs, 1897, 4. Nelson 3617; Pikes Peak, 1901, A, Nelson
$622,
Nortu Dakota: Maza, 1900, J. Kildahl 3.
Soutu DaKkotra: Custer, 1892. Rydberg 954: near Fort Meade, 1887, For-
wood 315; Big Stone, 1892, 7. A. Williams; Brookings County, 1904,
A. G. Johnson.
NEBRASKA: Near Mullen, 1893, Rydberg 1453; forks of Middle Loup River,
1898, Rydberg 1810; Ainsworth, 18938, Ff. W. Clements 2022; forks of
Dismal River, 1893, Rydberg 1509; Cherry County, 1892, Simith «
Pound 143; War Bonnet, 1890. 7. AL Willianes.
MINNESOTA: Near Minneapolis, 1891, G. B. Aiton,
OKLAHOMA: Fort Sill, 1891, (. 8S. Sheldon 245; Greer County, 1901, 2. J.
White.
38a. Allionia hirsuta coloradensis Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems erect, stout, pilose throughout, sparingly branched, the branches op-
posite; leaf blades lanceolate-oblong, 8 cm. long and 2.7 cm. wide or less, some
of the uppermost blades ovate, mostly obtuse or rounded at the apex, rounded
at the base, the lower ones with short but distinct petioles, the upper sessile,
soft-pubescent or pilose on both surfaces or sometimes almost glabrous, thin and
soft, the leaves spreading; inflorescence panicled, its branches opposite and soft-
pubescent, leafy, the reduced leaves oblong and rounded at each end, the
branches with many glandular hairs among the pubescence; involucres on
pedicels 10 mim, long or less, about 12 mim. in diameter and 7 mim. high, the
lobes ovate, obtuse, soft-pubescent; flowers 10 mm. long, rose-purple; stamens
3, scarcely exserted, the style long-exserted; fruit 4 mm. long, rather obtuse,
S-ribbed, the ribs smooth but the spaces between them strongly tuberculate,
sparingly and minutely hispidulous.
Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden, collected at Mani-
tou, Colo., August 20, 1885, Fritchey 28. Readily distinguished from the species
by the soft, divaricate leaves which are not acute and not as much wider at
the base as those of the species, by the soft pubescence, and more leafy
inflorescence.
Other specimens examined:
CoLorabo: Manitou, 1901, Clements 86: Hall & Harbour 483,
84. Allionia pilosa (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: G90, 1902.
Calymenia pilosa Nutt. Gen, N. A, PI. 1: 26. 1818.
Orybauphus pilosus Sweet, Hort. Brit. 1: 554, 1825.
Oxrybaphus hirsutus integrifolius Choisy in DC, Prod, 13°: 433. 1849.
Type locality, ** Near the Missouri, around the Arikaree village, etc.”
Specimens eramined:
SoutH DAKoTA: Near Fort Meade, ISST, Foricood 315, in part; Pearl Creek,
Beadle County, 1894, Thernber; Rochford, 1892, Rydberg 955.
Nortu Dakota: Near Dunseith, 1907, Lunell; Pleasant Lake, 1904, Lunell ;
Butte, 1904, Lunell; Walhalla, 1902, 1. Rk. Waldron; Hillsboro, 1891,
A. B. Lee 396: Minot. 1902, Lunell,
CoLorabo: Canyon City, 1872, Brandegee 440; New Windsor, 1897, Oster-
hout ; New Windsor, 1904, Osterhout 2024.
354 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
MINNESOTA: Battle Lake, £. P, Sheldon; Hennepin County, 1890, Sand-
berg; Minneapolis, 1892, Sandberg; Ulen, 1891, Bh. P. Sheldon; Cannon
River, 1861, 7. J. Hale,
WYOMING: Cheyenne, 1901, A, Nelson 8592,
Intinors: Hyde Park, Chicago, 1899, 4. Chase 1173.
Iowa: Armstrong, 1897, Cratty & Pammel 614; Harrison County, Hiteh-
cock 14; Ames, 1892, Geo. Carver,
Wisconsin: Lake Pepin, 1861, 7. J. Male; St. Croix, 1861, Hale,
MANITOBA: IS9S, HW. S. Thompson.
Allionia hirsuta rotundifolia Lunell @ seems to be a form of this species. It
uppears to be a depauperate state, produced, probably, in the same way
as A. bushii.
35. Allionia chersophila Standley, sp. nov.
Stems erect, tall, 1 meter high or even more at times, stout, simple below or
sparingly branched, densely soft-pubescent throughout, not glandular above;
leaves linear-lanceolate, rather thick, sessile, blunt-pointed, tapering to the base,
more or less soft-puberulent ou both surfaces, especially beneath: inflorescence
ample, paniculate, branches opposite; involucres on pedicels 10 mm. long or
less, 15 mm, broad, and 10 mm. high or less, the lobes broadly ovate, obtuse,
sometimes mucronate, densely soft-pubescent; fruit 5 mm. long, narrow, acute,
narrowed below, with 5 conspicuous ribs, these almost smooth, the spaces be-
tween them finely tuberculate, minutely hispidulous.
This is perhaps as closely related to A. pilosa as to any species, but is readily
separated by its denser and softer short pubescence and stouter habit. Type
in the herbarium of the University of Wyoming, cotype in that of Mr. K. K.
Mackenzie; collected in barrens at Lees Summit, Jackson County, Missouri, Sep-
tember 9, 1901, Maekenzie 421; also collected in Jackson County, 1891, by Mr.
BR. I’. Bush, who says that the plant is rare.
Other specimens eramined:
Missouri: Barrens west of Lees Summit, 1899, MWackenzie; dry prairie
along railroad north of Lees Suminit, 1900, Maekenzie; barrens west of
Lees Sununit, 1899, Mackenzie,
KANSAS: “In rocky places,” Miami County, 1882, Oyster.
36. Allionia trichodonta Standley, sp. nov.
Stems erect or ascending, sparingly branched, the branches alternate, slender,
rather sparingly puberulent throughout or almost glabrous below: leaf blades
linear or linear-lanceolate, 45 mm. long and 7 mm. wide or less, of medium
thickness, attenuate to the apex and to the base, sessile, the margins Wavy and
ciliolate, with a few long, weak hairs on both surfaces; inflorescence narrowly
cymose, its branches densely short-villous; involucres almost sessile or some-
times pediceled in the axils of the lower leaves, 11 mm. in diameter or less,
densely short-villous, the pubescence having a silky appearance, especially on
the margins of the lobes, these elliptical or lanceolate, acute or acutish ;
flowers not seen; fruit 4 mm. long, rather obtuse above, slightly narrowed
below, with 5 very thick, smooth ribs, so thick that there are scarcely any
spaces between them, minutely hispidulous.
Distinguished from A. codhuilensis and A. pseudaggrcgata, its nearest allies,
hy its narrower leaves and bracts and the thicker ribs of the fruit: from A.
codhuilensis Dy its alternate branching, and from A. pseudaggregata by its
more pubescent stems. Type in the herbarium of the University of California
(no, 101379), collected at Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, Mexico, 1905, Purpus.
“Bull. of the Leeds [N, Dak.] Herb. no. 2, 6, 1908,
STANDLEY——-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 355
37, Allionia carletoni Standley, sp. nov.
Plant about 1 meter high; stems simple below or more or less branched,
stout, whitish, soft-pubescent throughout; leaf blades lanceolate, very thick,
acutish, somewhat wavy-margined, conspicuously veined, rounded or cuneate
at the base, 7 cm. long and 3 cm, wide or less, puberulent on both surfaces,
almost or quite sessile; inflorescence paniculate, the branches mostly opposite,
stout, open; involucres about 15 mm. in diameter, the lobes rounded or obtuse
and short, with rather copious soft pubescence, ciliolate; involucres on pedicels
about 10 mm. long, the pedicels subtended by very small and inconspicuous
bracts: fruit 5 mm. long, acutish above, narrowed below, with 5 prominent
smooth ribs, the spaces between the ribs each with a single vertical row of
tubercles; fruit glabrous, ,
Easily distinguished by the glabrous fruit and the fine, short pubescence of
the stems. Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 22755, collected in Barber
County, Kansas, June 21, 1891, Carleton 256. also collected in Oklahoma,
Neutral Strip, 1891, Carleton 361,
The specific name was adopted from Doctor Heimerl in herbarium under
Mirabilis.
38. Allionia exaltata Standley, sp. nov.
Plant about 1.5 meters high from a rather thick, woody root; stem little
branched below, glabrous throughout, glaucous, stout below, but slender above;
lenf blades rather narrowly lanceolate, 70 min. long and 18 mm. wide or less,
neutish, attenuate at the base to a very short, thick petiole, or sessile, more
or less wavy-margined, glabrous; inflorescence very openly paniculate, its
branches slender and opposite; involucres on pedicels mostly about 10 mim.
long, mostly glabrous or with a very few minute hairs; involucres 15 mm. in
diameter. their lobes broadly ovate and rounded, glabrous or with a few
minute hairs when young; fruit obtuse or acutish above, narrowed below,
rugulose between the ribs, prominently 5-angled, glabrous.
This is u more slender plant than A. carletoni, and is probably ordinarily
tnller. It is readily separated from that species by its glabrous stem and
leaves, the latter also being narrower. Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no.
yegoo, collected in the Cimarron Valley, Cherokee Outlet, Oklahoma, June, 1891,
Carleton 223: also collected on the Cimarron River, Oklahoma, 1899, Mark
White 168.
29 Allionia sessilifolia Osterhout, Bull. Torr. Club 32: 611, 1905,
Specimens examined:
Cotorapo: Canyon of Thompson River, Larimer County, 1905, Oster-
hout 3079.
40, Allionia lanceolata Rydb. Bull. Torr, Club 29: 691, 1902.
Specimens eraminced:
CoLtorapo: Moraine Park, 1897, Osterhout; between Sunshine and Ward,
1902, Tareedy 5211; Fort Collins, 1897, Crandall, 2125.
Wyomine: Plumbago Canyon, 1899, C. Schuchert. .
Missourr: Dodson, 1900, Mackenzie; St. Louis County, Bush 2090.
The following forms connect the species with the variety described below:
ARKANSAS: Hot Springs, F. L. Harvey 66.
OKLAHOMA: Lincoln County, 1895, Blankinship; Vinita, 1894, Bush A783.
40a. Allionia lanceolata uniflora (Heimerl) Standley.
Mirabilis albida uniflora Heimerl, Ann. Cons. et Jard. Geney. 5: 182. 1901.
356 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Irom the species this differs in its stouter habit, thicker aud more erect
leaves, 1-fruited involucres (there are sometimes 3 flowers in the involuere, but
only one matures), and the form of the fruit. The fruit of the species is merely
faintly angled, acutish above, minutely hispidulous, and not very prominently
tuberculate, while that of subspecies uniflora is larger, with 5 prominent and
thick ribs, strongly transversely ridged or tuberculate between the ribs. and
more densely and more prominently hispidulous as well as more obtuse above.
Specimens eramined:
KANSAS: Belvidere, 1897, Ward, type collection.
OKLAHOMA: Limestone Gap, 1877, Butler 2; Osage Nation, 1895, Kimmons :
Indian Territory, 1891, (. 8. Sheldon 226.
Texas: Terrell, 1904, Ff. J. Tyler; Corpus Christi Bay, 1894, Heller 1545:
Baird, 1882, Letterman 129; Industry, 1894, H. Wurelow 27: 1844,
Lindheimer 293; Dallas, 1877, Reverchon T87; Houston, 1842, Lind-
heimer; Texas, Buckley; Gillespie County, Jermy.
41, Allionia albida Walt. Fl. Car. 84. 1788,
Calymenia albida Nutt. Gen. N. A. Pl, 26, 1818.
Oxrybaphus albidus Sweet, Hort. Brit. 2: 429, 1825,
Mirabilis albida Heimer], Ann. Cons. et Jard. Geneyv. 5: 182. 1901.
The only specimens that I have seen of this species were from South Caro-
lina and the adjoining States.
42. Allionia pseudaggregata (Heimerl) Standley.
Mirabilis pseudaggregata Heimer], Ann. Cons. et Jard. Genev. 5: 183. 1901,
Specimens eramined:
Mexico: Near Chihuahua, 1886, Pringle 793, type collection,
TEXAS; Chenate Mountains, 1889, Vealey 528: near J. Davis's Ranch. 1883,
Havard 66.
42a, Allionia pseudaggregata subhirsuta (Heimer!) Standley.
Mirabilis pseudaggregata subhirsuta Weimerl, Ann. Cons. et Jard. Gentev. 5:
184. 1901.
This differs from the type collection in having the stems and leaves more
hirsute throughout. If the plant which I have placed here is the same as that
upon which the variety was founded it is probably a good species.
Specimens ewamined:
Mexico: Durango, 1896, Palmer 267.
The disposition of the following names is still unsettled :
OXYBAPHUS LINEARIFOLIUS 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad, 17:375. 1882.
I have not been able to examine any authoritative material of this species.
It may be A. divaricata or perhaps some plant more closely related to A.
linearis.
OXYBAPHUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS viscipUS Hastw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei. Il. 6: 212.
1896.
Allionia viscida Cockerell Proc. Acad. Phila. 1904: 108. 1904.
I have seen no reliable material of this species; it may be 4. diraricata.
6. ALLIONIELLA Rydb.
Allioniella Rydb. Bull, Torr. Club 29: G87. 1902.
Low, much branched herbs with ascending or procumbent branches: leaves
opposite, entire, petioled, viscid; flowers loosely panicled, 3 in each involucre:
STANDLEY——-ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 357
involucres rotate and somewhat enlarged when mature, 5-lobed; perianth short
funnelform, almost campanulate, with 3 distinct stamens; fruit ellipsoidal],
smooth or very obscurely tubercled, glabrous.
1, Allioniella oxybaphoides (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: 687. 1902.
Quamoclidion oxrybaphoides A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. IT. 15: 320, 1855.
Mirabilis oryubaphoides A, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 178. 1859.
Oxybaphus wrightii Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. 3:3. 1882.
Allionia orybaphoides Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl, 5338. 1891.
Type locality, east of E] Paso (Texas).
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Organ Mountains, 1897, Wooton 587; Bear Mountain, near
Silver City, 1908, Metcalfe 696; Gray, 1898, Skehan 103; Kingston,
1904, Metcalfe 1459; 10 miles west of Santa Fe, 1897, Heller; Santa Fe,
1881, Engelmann; Santa Fe Creek Valley, 1847, Fendler 746.
ARIZONA: Mesa west of Buckskin Mountains, 1894, Jones 6060; near Par-
tridge Spring, 1901, Leiberg 5904.
CoLtorapo: Trail Glen, 1901, /. Clements 60; Manitou Springs, 1881, Hingel-
nann,; Grape Creek Valley near Canyon City, 1881, Hngelmann; Wil-
liams Canyon, 1875, Patterson; Webster Canyon, 1872, Redfield 554;
Canyon City, 1873, Greene.
Uran: Dirty Devil River below Rabbit Valley, 1875, Ward 417.
jin. Allioniella oxybaphoides glabrata (Heimerl) Standley.
Mirabilis orybaphoides glabrata Heimer], Ann, Cons. et Jard. Genev. 5: 180,
1901,
From the type this variety differs slightly, perhaps even too slightly to war-
rant its separation as a variety, in having the stem glabrous below and only
- slightly puberulent above. The following collections may perhaps be placed
here:
New Mexico: Capitan Mountains, 1900, Harle 399, type collection; Gallinas
Mountains, 1904, Wooton 2825.
Contorapo: Buena Vista, 1897, Crandall 2119.
Texas: Gaudme, 1881, Harvard,
ARIZONA: Northeastern Arizona, 1896, Hough 91.
7. QUAMOCLIDION Choisy.
Quamoclidion Choisy in DC. Prod. 137: 429. 1849.
Perennial herbs, erect, branched, glabrous or pubescent; leaves opposite,
entire, thick, petioled or sessile; flowers mostly large, several together sur-
rounded by a gamophyllous, calyx-like involucre; perianth showy, corolla-like,
with a tube of medium length, which is expanded into a wide or rather narrow,
erect, or spreading limb; stamens 5, exserted; fruit hard, smooth, ellipsoidal
to almost spherical, glabrous.
The genus was founded by Choisy upon two species: The first, which is to
be taken as the type, he called Q. nyctagineum, of which Mirabilis triflora
Benth. was said to be a synonym; the second species was called Q. angulatum,
and was referred doubtfully to the genus. Doctor Rydberg, in his treatment
of the Rocky Mountain Allioniaceae. placed Orybaphus laevis Benth. in the
genus, a plant which differs so widely from the type species in several respects
that it has been placed in a new genus in this work,
358 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Perianth 25 mm. long or less, with a very narrow limb____
Perianth much larger, with a broad limb.
Fruit rather strongly 5-angled, more or less tuberculate,
__ 1. Q. triflorum.
usually abruptly narrowed at the base. ~~~ ___ ~. 2. Q.areenei.
Fruit not angled, smooth, not abruptly narrowed at the
base.
Kruit dark brown to black; stems mostly glabrous
below ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ee ooo Ort tifiorum.
Fruit light brown, marked by 10 dark, vertieal lines:
stems usually pubescent throughout ~~. ~~ -__.. 4. Q. froebelii.
1. Quamoclidion triflorum (Benth.) Standley.
Mirabilis triflora Benth. Pl. Hartweg. 23, 1839,
Quamoclidion nyctagineum Choisy in DC, Prod, 137: 429. 1849,
Type locality, Mexico.
Specimens eramined:
LOWER CALIFORNIA: Triumfo,, IS90,) Brandegee 479: Pescadero, 1902,
Brandegee; Todos Santos, 1890, Brandegee.
2. Quamoclidion greenei (S. Wats.) Standley.
Mirabilis greenei S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 253. 1876.
Type locality, “On mountain sides about Yreka, California.”
Specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Hornbrook, 1889, Howell 1886; near the Klamath River, 1889,
Howell,
5. Quamoclidion multiflorum Torr.; A. Gray, Am, Journ. Sei. II. 15: 321, 1853.
Orybaphus multifiorus Torr, Ann. lye. N. ¥, 2: 237, 1828,
Nyctaginia 7? torreyana Choisy in DC. Prod. 137: 430, 1849.
Mirabilis multiflora A, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 173. 1859,
Type locality, ‘About the forks of the Platte.”
The plant was described by Choisy under Nyctaginia, because he was led to
believe from Torrey’s description that it had separate bracts.
Specimens examined:
CoLtorAbo;: Canyon City, 1872, Brandegee 439; Pueblo, 1873, Greene; Ta
Veta, S97, Crandall; Canyon City, 1890, Bodin; Arkansas Canyon,
1872, Redfield 552; Rio de Las Animas, 1846, Hendler 740; Iuerfano,
S67, Parry 181; Canyon City, 1881, Engelmann,
ARIZONA; Grand Canyon, Millspaugh 94; Flagstatf, 1908, J/acDougal 289:
Galluno Mountains, 1894, Toumey; near Grand Canyon, 1901, Purpus
S183; Holbrook, 1896, Myrtle Zuck 9: Fort Whipple, 1864, Cowes:
Camp Verde, 1891, Toumey; Copper Basin, 1892, Towmey 178; Ornele,
1905, Thornber; Cochise, 1900, Griffiths.
Texas: Hueco Tanks, 1895, Wulford 104; Pena, 1889, Nealley 488: Texas,
ISS], Havard,
New Mexico: Patterson, 1900, Wooton; near Silver City, 1880. Rusby;
banks of the Rio Grande 19 miles west of Santa Fe, 1897, Heller 3627:
Aztec, 1895, HH. H. Griffin; Gray, 1898, Skehan 38; Las Cruces, 1897,
Wooton 80; Mesilla Valley, 1890, Wooton; Las Vegas, 1899, Coekerell:
Santa Fe, 1898, Cockerell; WLittle Creek, White Mountains, 1899,
Turner 107; Animas Creek, 1904, Metcalfe 1188: Cross T. Raneh,
Cimarron Canyon, 1908, Grifiths 5540; Santa Rita, 1895, Mulford 68;
Dona Ana, 1846, Wislizenus S5; Ocate Creek, Santa Fe Road, 1846,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 359
Wislizenus 501: Coppermines and El Paso, Wright 1708; 1855-54,
Bigelow ; 1869, Palmer; MeCarthy Station, 1889, Munson & Hopkins;
Glorieta, 1881, Vasey.
83a. Quamoclidion multiflorum glandulosum Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems stout, rather abundantly glandular-puberulent throughout; leaf blades
ovate, thick, acutish, rounded or subcordate at the base; petioles about one-
third as long as the blades, glandular-puberulent; peduncles stout, densely
glandular-puberulent, 2 cm. long or less: bracts about 2 cm, long, the free
portion a little longer than the tube, obtuse or acutish, densely glandular-
puberulent; flowers 4 em. long or less; leaves a-rather light yellowish-green,
This subspecies is distinguished by its yellowish-green, puberulent leaves, ¢glan-
dular stem, and puberulent, obtuse bracts. Type in the National Herbarium,
cotype in the Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Colorado on a dry mesa
at Grand Junction, May 28, 1894, Crandall 423, altitude 1575 meters. There
is no mature fruit on either of these specimens, but a plant in the Rocky
Mountain Herbarium that seems to be the same, collected at Deer Run, Colo-
‘ado, 1901, C. F. Baker S81, has fruit elliptical or oblong-elliptical in outline,
about 9 mm, long, dark reddish brown in color, obscurely 10-nerved, glabrous,
This last plant has rather thin and almost scarious reddish bracts,
Other specimens examined:
CoLoraAbo: Mancos, 1890, Kastiwood; Grand Junction, 1894, Jones 5476,
Baker's 304 from Rosa, New Mexico, is probably the same, although it does
not match the type in all particulars.
2b. Quamoclidion multiflorum obtusum Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems rather slender, with short, rather viscid pubescence throughout which
consists of flattened, white hairs: leaf blades very broadly ovate or almost
reniform, thin, bright green, almost glabrous, broadly obtuse and apiculate at
the apex, semicordate to rounded at the base, the blades somewhat decurrent
upon the petiole which is half as long as the blade or shorter; bracts broadly
ovate, acutish, apiculate, about 3 em. long and 15 mm. wide, the free portion
one-half as long as the tube or longer. bright green; flowers like those of the
species.
Distinguished by the large and broad bracts and especially by the shape
of the leaves. Type in the herbarium of the University of Wyoming, col. -
lected on rocky ledges at Kernan, Nevada, 1902, Goodding 658, The plant is
covered with what appears to be the web of some insect, giving it a peculiar
woolly appearance,
The following plants should probably be placed here, although they have
thicker leaves and the leaves are not acuminate. They have dark-colored
fruits, showing that they are more closely related to Q. multiflorian than to
Q. froebelii, They with the subspecies glabratum of the latter species form a
close transition between the two species.
ARIZONA: Peach Springs, 1893, Norman C, Wilson; Hackberry. 1884, Jones
4687: ? Fort Apache, 1901, Mayerhoff 80; 7 Beaverdam, 1891, Vernon
Bailey 1937.
UTrau: ?La Verken, 1894, Jones 5196t; Cedar City, 1894, Jones 5197;
Santa Clara Valley, 1894, Jones 51509t.
4. Quamoclidion froebelii (Behr) Standley.
Oxybaphus froebelii Behr, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 1: 69, 1855.
Mirabilis multiflora pubescens 8S. Wats. in Brewer & Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 2. 1880.
Mirabilis froebelii Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. 1: 124, 1885,
360 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Mirabilis multiflora frocbelii Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10: 49. 1902.
Type locality, “‘ Culta e seminibus a J. Froebel prope Warner’s Ranch leectis.”’
Specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: Warner's Ranch, 1894, R. D, Alderson; Argus Mountains,
SOT, Purpus S418; Manzana, Antelope Valley, 1905, Hall 6259: Owen's
Valley and Fort Tejon, 1862-64, G. H. Horn; Bakersfield, 1896, Dary
1SS9; Walkers, 1885, Cleveland; Coast Range, 1882, Parish 658: Cali-
fornia, ISSO, Vasey 516; Santa Ysabel, 1898, 7. W. Henshaw: be-
tween Cuyamaca and Oriflamme Canyon, 1903. Abrams 3925: Provi-
dence Mountains, 1861, Cooper; Mill Creek Canyon, Panamint Moun-
tains, 1891, Coville & Funston 761; Fort Tejon, 1857-8, Yantus 103.
4a. Quamoclidion froebelii glabratum Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems glabrous or almost so throughout, the younger branches sometimes
sparingly puberulent; leaf blades broadly ovate or subreniform, 8 em. long and
as broad’ or less, broadly rounded at the apex or obtuse, cordate or semi-
cordate at the base, the blades slightly decurrent on the petioles, these one-third
as long as the blades or less: peduncles about 3 em. long, stout: bracts 3 om.
long, acutish or obtuse, sometimes mucronate, broad, glibrous; flowers about
oem. long; fruit broadly elliptical or oval in outline, about 8S mm. long and 6
mm. wide, light reddish brown marked by 10 black, vertical lines.
The subspecies is separated from the species by its different pubescence and
more obtuse leaves. Type in the herbarium of the University of California,
collected in the Providence Mountains, California, May 25, 1902, Brandegcee.
Other specimens eramined:
CALIFORNIA: San Felipe, 1894, Brandegee; Vandeveuter Flat, San Jacinto
Mountains, 1901, Hall 2162.
Nevaba: Pahroc Range, 1898, Purypus G800,
8. HESPERONIA Standley.
Hesperonia Standley, gen, nov.
Mirabilis of various authors, in part, not L.
Quamoclidion Rydb. Bull, Torr, Club 29: 686, in part; not Choisy.
Perennial herbs; leaves opposite, thick, entire, petioled or sessile; inflorescence
axillary or terminal; involucres campanulate, composed of 5 bracts which are
united by their bases for about half their length, not enlarged in fruit: flowers
1 in each involucre; perianth campanulate, white or purplish red: stamens
usually 5, distinet; fruit ellipsoidal or spherical, not angled or ribbed, smooth
or sometimes very faintly tuberculate, glabrous,
The plants of this proposed genus have been variously placed in Mirabilis,
Quamoclidion, and Oxybaphus, to all of which the genus is closely related,
But besides differing considerably from all those genera in general appearance,
Hesperonia is separated from Allionia and Mirabilis by the form of the
fruit, differs decidedly from Mirabilis and Quamoclidion in the shape of the
perianth, and is separated at once from Quamoclidion by the number of flowers
in the involucre,
Type species, Mirabilis californica A. Gray.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Fruit spherical, not noticeably longer than thick.
Fruit dark brown, not conspicuously vertically lined ;
leaves thick and rather fleshy: stems and leaves
scabrate: branches comparatively sleuder_. |. Hf, cedrosensis,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 361
Fruit dull olive with 10 conspicuous, paler, transverse
lines.
Stems rough-pubescent, more or less viscid, not
villous___---~-~~_-_---- ee 2. H, aspera.
Stems villous, not viscid_.~ ~~~ ~~ ee 2a. H. aspera
villosa,
Fruit not spherical, conspicuously longer than thick,
Plants very large and stout; leaves 5 cm. long or
less; blades short-petioled or almost sessile; stems
stout, rough and glandular-pubescent; lobes of the
involucre narrowly lanceolate___ ~_.-_--__________- 3. H. tenuiloba,
Plants much smaller and stems much more slender;
leaves not more than half the size of the above.
Plants perfectly glabrous throughout, or some of
the young leaves, perhaps, with a few scatter-
ing hairs; leaves thin, ovate, acute; stems slen-
der, the branches not spreading______________ 4. H. laevis.
Plants not glabrous throughout, the pubescence
sometimes scant but some always present on
the stems.
Stems villous, slender, with long inter-
nodes; leaves rounded or obtuse at the
a@pex_—_-_-_-_-_- ee Sb. H. glutinosa
gracilis,
Stems not villous.
Leaves very small, mostly about 1 cm,
long; stems = slender and much
branched, woody at the base________- Ta. HH. californica
microphylla.
Leaves larger; stems less branched
and with longer internodes.
Flowers purplish red
Fruit almost 8 mm, long, nar-
row; leaves thin, obtuse, cor-
date or rounded at the base;
stems woody below; flowers
few, conspicuously pediceled ;
lobes of the involucre lanceo-
od
late, 7 mm. long ___________ 5. H. oligantha.
Fruit about 4 mm. long.
Flowers about 12 mm. long;
fruit narrowed toward
the base and apex, in-
conspicuously striate,
dark brown____________- T. H. californica,
Flowers about 2 cm. long;
fruit dark brown, not at
all striate; stems finely
pubescent especially
above__________________- 6. H. polyphylla.
66788—voL 12, pt S—O9——5
362 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Flowers mostly white.
I’ruit mostly narrowed at both
ends, leaves reniform or
broadly ovate; stems and
leaves with abundant, glu-
tinous, rather long pubes-
cence___ S. H. glutinosa,
Fruit not narrowed at the ends,
but rounded, brown or dull
green; stems sparingly pubes-
cent, the leaves almost gla-
brous_____~_-_~_ ee 8a. H, glutinosa
retrorsa,
1. Hesperonia cedrosensis Standley, sp. nov.
Stems stout, apparently dichotomously branching, more or less scorpioid, cov-
ered with a pubescence consisting of scattered, flattened, whitish hairs: inter-
nodes shorter than in H, laevis; leaf blades narrowly triangular or subhastate,
30 mm. or less in length and 18 mm. wide or less, more or less wavy-margined,
acute at the apex, mostly truncate to subcordate at the base, thick, with a few
scattered, flattened hairs on both surfaces; petioles very short, some of the
uppermost blades almost sessile; flowers sessile or on very short peduncles,
sometimes subtended by bract-like leaves, solitary or sometimes clustered ; bracts
7 mm, long or less, the free portion shorter than the tube, rather narrowly tri-
angular, acute, densely scabrous; flowers about 12 mm. long; stamens included ;
fruit subspherical, rather larger than that of H. californica, dark brown in
color marked by 10 lighter vertical lines. ;
Type in the herbarium of the University of California; collected on Cedros
Island, California, April 3, 1897, Brandegee, The same is in the Nationnl
Herbarium, collected at the same locality in 1889 by Palmer. <A plant dis-
tinguished by its subglobose fruit and scabrous pubescence.
Here belong, probably, the following collections:
CALIFORNIA: San Clemente Island, 1903, Mrs. Blanche Trask 193; same
locality, 1902, Mrs, Blanche Trask 14; same locality, 1894, Brandegee,
2. Hesperonia aspera (Greene) Standley.
Mirabilis aspera Greene, Erythea 4: 67. 1896,
Stems stout, dichotomously branched, roughly retrorse-pubescent, leaf blades
ovate, subcordate, thics, rough-puberulent, 25 mm. long and 18 mm. wide or
less, obtuse or the uppermost ones subacute; petioles very short, some of the
blades almost sessile; inflorescence dichotomously branched, dense: flowers on
stout peduncles about 5 mm, long; bracts thick, narrowly to broadly ovate, 6 to
7 mm. long, the free portion about as long as the tube, the involucre about 6
mm. in diameter when distended by the fruit; flowers about 1 cm. long; fruit
globose or subglobose, about 5 mm. in diameter, dull olive-green marked by 10
lighter vertical lines.
This species is distinguished by its thick, obtuse, almost sessile, rather nar-
row leaves, stout stems, rough pubescence, spherical or subspherical fruit of
peculiar color, and its thick bracts.
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Mohave Desert, 1895, Parish 3757, type; Mohave Desert, 1886,
Parish 2078; Mohave Desert, 1892, Parish; Pipe Canyon, San Ber-
nardino Mountains, 1894, Parish 3183,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 363
2a. Hesperonia aspera villosa Standley. subsp. nov.
Different from the type in having the stems clad with an abundant soft vil-
lous instead of a harsh and glutinous pubescence, the leaves more or less villous
and obtuse or broadly rounded at the apex, and the flowers large, with exserted
stamens,
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Mohave Desert, 1901, Parish 4940, type; Providence Mountains,
1902, Brandegee; Argus Mountains, 1891, Coville € Funston 741.
3. Hesperonia tenuiloba (S. Wats.) Standley.
Mirabilis tenuiloba S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 375. 1882.
Readily recognized by its robust habit, large leaves and stems, and narrow
bracts.
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Coyote Wells, Colorado Desert, 1905, Brandegee; Palm Creek,
1895, Brandegee; Mountain Spring, San Diego County, 1894, L. Schoen-
feldt 3070; same locality, 1894, Mearns 3017.
LOWER CALIFORNIA: Signal Mountain, Colorado Desert, 1901, Brandegee.
In the national herbarium there are two sheets of a Hesperonia labeled
Mirabilis tenuiloba, collected in the Colorado Desert, 1889, by W. G. Wright.
This is the type locality and the collector is the same as the collector of the type.
I am not certain, however, that these belong to the type collection. The plant is
hardly separable from H. californica except that it has narrower bracts. If
this is H. tenuiloba, and it answers to the brief original description about as
well as the plants I have listed under that name, the others should have a new
name, for they are certainly not the same as these plants of Mr. Wright’s.
4. Hesperonia laevis (Benth.) Standley.
Ozrybaphus laevis Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 44. 1844.
Mirabilis laevis Curran, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. II. 1: 235. 1889,
_ In the herbarium of the University of California there is a specimen of what
I take to be this species, collected at the type locality, Magdalena Bay, Lower
California, by Doctor Lung, U. 8. N., no. 28. The plant has no fruit, but other-
wise the characters can be determined fairly well, although the specimen is not
of the best.
Branches dichotomous, straight, perfectly glabrous, rather slender, with long
internodes; leaf blades ovate, somewhat sinuate-margined, rather thin, acutish:
leaves 30 mm. long and 20 mm. wide or less, the uppermost considerably smaller ;
petioles almost as long as the blades in the lowest leaves, the uppermost blades
almost sessile; leaves glabrous; flowers single in the axils of the leaves or
apparently clustered at times at the ends of the branches; bracts mostly 10 mm.
long, the free portion as long as the tube or longer, the segments lanceolate,
acute, glabrous, or with a very few minute, appressed hairs; flowers about 16
mm. long.
‘The type was described as glabrous, and it seems quite probable that this is
the same plant as the one collected at the same place during the voyage of the
Sulphur. It is the only quite glabrous plant that I have seen in the genus.
5. Hesperonia oligantha Standley, sp. nov.
Stems branching from a woody base, the lower branches suffrutescent; stems
slender, very closely and sparingly puberulent or almost glabrous; internodes
25 to 50 mm. long; leaf blades ovate, subcordate at the base or rounded or
rarely somewhat narrowed, thin, sparingly puberulent, with prominent lateral
veins, the lower leaves obtuse, the upper ones acute; petioles one-third as long
364 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
as the blades; flowers on peduncles almost as long as the involucre; bracts
lanceolate, acute, the free portion as long as the tube, finely and densely
puberulent, the whole about 9 mm. long; flowers about 12 mm. long, the stamens
long-exserted ; fruit cylindrical; acutish at both ends, dark brown, smooth, T
or 8 mm. long, and almost 38 mm. thick.
From H, polyphylla this differs in its obtuse lower leaves, which nre some-
times cordate at the base, thinner blades, less pubescent stem, longer and nar-
rower fruit, and fewer flowers; from //. tenuiloba, in its more slender stems,
obtuse lower leaves, thinner blades, and longer and narrower fruit. Type in the
herbarium of the University of California, collected at Calmalli, Lower Cali-
fornia, 1898, Purpus 82.
6. Hesperonia polyphylla Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial; much branched from a woody base, the lower branches suffrutes-
cent; stems stout, glabrous below, finely short-pubescent above, not viscid, the
nodes swollen and conspicuous, the internodes short: leaf blades ovate, acute,
rounded at the base, glabrous or the younger ones sparingly puberulent, thick
and fleshy, the lateral veins inconspicuous; blades small, less than 20 mm. long
and about 10 mm. wide; petioles not more than one-third as long as the blades,
stout; most of the flowers on peduncles which are about as long as the invo-
lucre; bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, the free portion about as long as
the tube, the whole about 9 mm, long, thick and puberulent: flowers about 2 em,
long and almost as wide; the stamens included; fruit oblong in outline, broadly
obtuse at both ends, smooth, brown, about 4 mm. long and almost 8 mm. wide.
From i. tenuiloba this differs in the smaller size of the plant, shorter inter-
nodes, more leafy appearance of the plant, smaller and thicker leaves which
are not cordate at the base, and the broader segments of the involucre. The
internodes near the ends of the branches are very short, so that the branches
are densely leafy; there is a flower in almost every axil and at least one at each
node, so that the flowers appear numerous. Type in the herbarium of the
University of California, collected at San Borga, Lower California, May 6, 1889,
Brandegee. On the same sheet is what appears to be the same plant, collected
at Los Angeles Bay, Gulf of California, 1887, Palmer 600,
7. Hesperonia californica (A. Gray) Standley.
Ovrybaphus glabrifolius crassifolius Choisy in DC. Prod. 13°: 431. 1849.
Oxrybaphus glabrifolius Torr. Pac. R. Rep. 4: 131. 1857, not Vahl.
Mirabilis californica A. Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 173. 1859.
Oxrybaphus californicus Benth. & Hook, Gen. Pl. 3: 4. 1880.
Quamoctlidion laeve Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 29: G87, 1902.
Specimens examined, in part:
CALIFORNIA: Vicinity of San Bernardino, 1896, Parish 4159; Pasadena, 1882,
Jones 3020; Riverside, 1908, Hall 8807; Griffith Park, 1903, Braunton
795; southwestern California, 1901, Grant 8721; Matilija Canyon, 1866,
Peckham; Santa Barbara, 1861, Brewer 364; Riverside, 1889, W. 8.
Boyd; Mexican Boundary Survey 1111; mountains east of San Diego,
1850, Parry; Santa Ysabel, 1898, Henshaw; Santa Catalina Island, 1895,
Trask; Santa Lucia Mountains, 1898, Plaskett; near Mentone, 1898,
Leiberg 3289; San Diego, 1896, Brendegee; Cottonwood Creek, San
Diego County, 1905, Brandegee; Santa Monica Experiment Station,
1897, J. H. Barber 49; San Diego, 1891, S. W. Dunn; San Luis Obispo
County, Rk. W. Summers; Claremont, 1897, H. P. Chandler; San Diego,
1904, NV. K. Berg; Playa del Rey, 1902, Abrams 2504; foothills of the
San Bernardino Mountains, 1885, Parish 659; Del Mar, 1895, Belle S.
Angier 117; Wilmington, 1882, Pringle.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 865
The following plants differ from the typical form in being almost glabrous:
CALIFORNIA: San Diego, 1902, Brandegee 826; Santa Inez Mountains, 1888,
Brandcgec; Santa Barbara, 1902, Elmer 3764; Elysian Hills, Los An-
geles County, 1902, Braunton 162; Los Angeles, 1904, Grant 791.
A plant in the herbarium of Nevada State University collected at Highlands,
San Bernardino County, California, 1904, by N. KX. Berg, is an interesting form
with long-petioled leaves which are rounded and cordate at the base and some-
times reniform in outline, and with stout, suffrutescent stem.
7a. Hesperonia californica microphylla Standley, subsp. nov.
Much branched from 2 woody base, the lower branches woody and whitish,
glabrous, the internodes short, the nodes large and swollen; leaf blades irreg-
ularly ovate or deltoid-ovate, obtuse or acutish, mostly semicordate at the base,
thick, 15 mm. long and 8 mm. wide or usually less; petioles about half as long
as the blades; branches of the inflorescence slender, not much branched, 2 or
sometimes more flowers at each node, the flowers on short pedicels which are
sparingly scabrate; flowers about 11 mm. long; stamens included; bracts 4 or
5 mm. long, the free portion rather narrowly triangular, acute, a little longer
than the tube or as long; fruit elliptical in outline, 4 mm. or less in length,
dark brown.
Type in the herbarium of the University of California (no. 101214), collected
by Brandegee on San Martin Island, Lower Californin, Mareh 12, 1897. Also
collected by the same collector at Ensenada, Lower California, April 26, 1893.
The small leaves and flowers, whitish stems, and dense habit distinguish the
subspecies,
8. Hesperonia glutinosa (A. Nelson) Standley.
Mirabilis glutinosa A. Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 17: 92. 1904.
Specimens exramined:
NEVADA: Karshaw, Meadow Valley Wash, 1902, Goodding 967, type; Hum-
boldt County, 1865, Torrey; Virginia Mountains, 1867, Watson 963.
8a. Hesperonia glutinosa retrorsa (Heller) Standley.
Mirabilis retrorsa Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 198. 1906.
I can not see how this can be separated from HH. glutinosa except as a sub-
species. It differs from that species in having narrower and more acute leaves
and less abundantly pubescent stem; but aside from these minor differences I
ean see little to separate the two plants.
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Near Southern Belle Mine, Mono County, 1906, Heller 8836,
type; near Victorville, 1905, Hall 6206; Sierra Nevada Mountains, 1875,
Lemmon; Colorado Desert, 1905, Brandegec; Antelope Valley, 1896,
Davy 2294.
NeEvADA: Reno, 1895, I’. G. Hillman; Pah Ute Mountains, 1868, Watson 963;
Pyramid Lake, 1908, G. H. True 758; Truckee Pass, Virginia Moun-
tains, 1905, Kennedy 727; Truckee Pass, 1907, Kennedy 1595; Mica
Spring, 1894, Jones 5045a.
The following are doubtfully referred here:
CaLiForRNIA: San Felipe Canyon, Colorado Desert, 1901, Brandegee; east
slope of Walker Pass, 1891, Coville & Funston 1018; Ralston Desert,
1891, Coville & Funston 1996.
8b. Hesperonia glutinosa gracilis Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems very slender, more or less villous throughout, especially above, not
viscid or inconspicuously so, not much branched except near the base; inter-
366 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
nodes very long, 18 em. or less; leaf blades irregularly ovate, 85 mm. long and
37 mm. wide or less, rather thin, obtuse or broadly rounded at the apex, semi-
cordate or rounded at the base, more or less puberulent on both surfaces, except
the oldest blades, which are sometimes quite glabrous; petioles about one-third
as long as the blades, villous; inflorescence slender, few-flowered, the separate
flowers almost sessile; bracts 5 or 6 mm. long, lanceolate or narrowly triangu-
lar, the free portion rather longer than the tube; perianth about 8 mm. long;
fruits subelliptical, narrowed at both ends, brown marked with transverse darker
inarks.
Type U. S. National Herbarium (no. 212108), collected in Sabino Canyon,
Arizona, 1892, Toumey 471c. The plant is distinguished by its villous pubes-
cence and slender stems.
Other specimens examined:
ARIZONA: Tempe, 1896, Towmey, not as villous as the type; Arizona, 1876,
Palmer, 644, not typical, but with the villous pubescence; Hardyville,
1868, C. A. Almondinger,
CALIFORNIA: Colton, 1881, Vasey, placed here because of its pubescence;
San Felipe Creek below Bonner, 1900, Brandegee.
New Mexico: No locality, 1881, Vasey.
The label states that the last-cited plant is from New Mexico, but it is prob-
ably incorrect. No specimen of any species of the genus has been found in
New Mexico at any other time so far as the author is able to learn,
Here probably belongs Mirabilis bigelovii A, Gray. See page 369,
9. MIRABILIS L.
Mirabilis lL. Sp. Pl. 1: 177. 1753.
Nyctago Juss. Gen, 90. 1789.
Perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent, with large, thickened roots; leaves
opposite, their blades entire, petioled or sessile; flowers solitary in a gamophyl-
lous, 5-lobed, calyx-like involucre; perianth colored, corolla-like, showy, with
a long slender tube and a broadly spreading limb; stamens mostly 5, unequal,
with slender, filiform filaments which are united at the base; fruit leathery,
obscurely 5-angled or 5-ribbed, narrowed to the base, smooth or somewhat
tuberculate, glabrous or pubescent. _
Type species, Mirabilis jalapa 1.
A number of species have been described besides those mentioned here, most
of them coming from Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Stamens long-exserted, twice as long as the perianth; perianth
white, tinged with pink; lobes of the involucre obtuse______ 1. M. exserta,
Stamens exserted, but considerably less than twice as long as
the perianth; lobes of the involucre mostly acute.
Perianth 8 to 5 cm. long, red, yellow, or rarely white;
tube funnelform_ ~~ ~~-~----- 2. MW. jalapa,
Perianth 10 to 15 em. long, white; tube long-tubular.
Stems densely glandular above; leaves glandular on
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5 ne > AL. longiflora.
Stems almost glabrous above, not glandular; leaves
glabrous, all of them petioled, although the upper
petioles may be very short; tube of the perianth
more slender
_—
. JL. wrightiana.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 367
1. Mirabilis exserta Brandeg. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei. II. 3: 165. 1891.
Specimens examined:
LOWER CALIFORNIA: Sierra de San I’rancisquito, 1890, Brandegee 480, type;
La Chuparosa, 1899, Brandegee.
2, Mirabilis jalapa L. Sp. Pl. 177. 17538.
Type locality, “In India utraque.”
Stems glabrous, or slightly puberulent above; leaves ovate, rather narrowly
so, rather acuminate, semicordate or truncate at the base, sometimes abruptly
narrowed to the petiole, this very short in the upper leaves; bracts lanceo-
late, acute, ciliolate, more or less puberulent, the free portion about as long as
the tube; flowers about 4 cm. long, the tube expanding gradually toward the
limb, which is about 38 ecm. wide; fruit about 10 mm. long and 5 or 6 mm. thick,
ovoid, dark brown, 5-angled, glabrous, tuberculate between the angles; tubes of
the perianths slightly pubescent; stamens exserted.
Specimens examined:
FiLoria: Northeast of Key West, 1904, Lansing 2448; Jacksonville, 1899,
Curtiss 6541.
Mexico: Durango, 1896, Palmer 631; Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 231,
PARAGUAY: 1888-90, Morong 622.
CoLoMBIA: Santa Marta, 1898-1901, H. H. Smith 1824.
CuBa: Cieneguito, 1895, Combs 286.
2a. Mirabilis jalapa volecanica Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems rather slender, strongly angled when dry, with rather soft pubescence
throughout; leaf blades ovate or narrowly ovate, rather acuminate at the
apex, subcordate or rounded at the base, with prominent pubescent veins,
35 to 70 mm. long and 25 to 45 mm. wide; petioles 1 cm. long or less; inflor-
escence subcymose, the flowers clustered; bracts lanceolate to narrowly tri-
angular, the free portion about as long as the tube; flowers about 5 cm. long
and 3 em. broad, the tube slender, red; stamens not much exserted; fruit 8 mm.
long and 4 or 5 mm. thick, narrowly ovoid, with 5 indistinct ridges, not angled,
smooth between the ridges and not tuberculate or only faintly so, pubescent
with short, fine, soft, whitish hairs; tube of the perianth almost or quite
glabrous; young leaves not ciliolate, but the bracts sometimes sparingly so;
bracts usually sparingly puberulent.
This differs from the species in its pubescent and smoother fruit and more
pubescent stem. Type in herbarium of Field Museum of Natural History;
cotypes at Missouri Botanical Garden and the University of California;
collected at pedregal (lava beds), Valley of Mexico, altitude 2,240 meters,
August 19, 1896, Pringle 6483. Also collected at Durango, 1896, Palmer
6380, 631.
2b. Mirabilis jalapa gracilis Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems very slender, glabrous except for scattered, almost imperceptible
cinereous pubescence on the youngest branches; leaf blades thin, narrowly
ovate or broadly lanceolate, long-attenuate, narrowed toward the base into
a slender petiole 10 to 35 mm. long; leaf blades 55 to 8O mm. long and 20
to 45 mm. wide; petioles glabrous; bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, free part
about as long as the tube, the whole 15 mm. long or less; flowers 2 or 3 at
the ends of the branches, conspicuously peduncled, their tubes slender and
glabrous; fruit narrowly ovoid, acutish below, 8 mm. long and 4.5 mm. thick,
5-angled and strongly tuberculate, pubescent with abundant short, yellowish,
soft hairs,
368 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
This differs from the species in its narrower, thinner leaves, which are
attenuate at the base, longer petioles, more slender stems, and pubescent
fruit; from subspecies volcanica in its different leaves, longer petioles, tuber-
culate fruit, and more slender stems. Type in the herbarium of the Univer-
sity of California; collected at Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, September 17, 1904,
Brandegee.
2c. Mirabilis jalapa lindheimeri Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems rather slender, glabrous; leaf blades broadly deltoid-ovate to ovate,
thin, short-acuminate or acute, truncate, rounded, or narrowed at the base,
the blades always slightly decurrent upon the glabrous, slender petioles, which
are usually half as long as the blades or longer; involucres in clusters of
about 3, or sometimes solitary, mostly pediceled; bracts lanceolate-ovate,
minutely puberulent, not usually ciliolate, the free portion about as long as
the tube; flowers about 5.5 em. long; limb about 2.5 em. wide, with prominent
rounded lobes, the tube almost or quite glabrous; stamens about as long as
the perianth; fruit about 10 mm, long and 5 mm. thick, ovoid, with 5 incon-
spicuous, broad ribs, not angled, smooth, not tuberculate, pubescent with
fine, short, soft, yellowish, appressed hairs.
This can at once be distinguished by its broad leaves. Its pubescent fruit
Separates it from the species, and its longer petioles and glabrous stem from
subspecies volcanica. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Gar-
den, collected at New Braunfels, Tex., June, 1846, Lindheimer.
Other specimens examined:
TEXAS: Comale Creek, Lindheimer 470; New Braunfels, 1851, Lindheimer
567; San Antonio, H. H. Wilkinson 134; San Antonio, 1900, Bush
1209; Canyon Blanco, Uvalde County, 1886, Reverchon 1586; Houston,
1877, Ward.
2d. Mirabilis jalapa ciliata Standley, subsp. noy.
Stems slender, abundantly furnished with fine, soft pubescence which is
almost villous, the pubescence especially abundant on the voung stems; leaf
blades ovate, subacuminate, oblique at the base, about 11 cm. long and 6 em.
wide or less, thin, glabrous above, more or less puberulent below, all con-
spicuously ciliate along the margins, the hairs soft and tawny; petioles short,
25 mm. long or less; flowers sessile or short-pediceled: bracts 12 mm. long
or less, ovate, short-acuminate, ciliolate: flowers about 55 mm. long, their
tubes rather thick, the limb about 30 mm. broad; fruit (immature) in shape
like that of M/. jalapa, tuberculate, finely pubescent.
The most striking characteristic of the plant is found in the ciliate leaves and
bracts. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden, collected
in the Oaxaca Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico, altitude 1,550 meters, October 1, 1894,
C. L. Smith 791.
3. Mirabilis longiflora L. Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 176, pl. 6. f. 1. 1755.
Specimens examined:
Mexico: Cuernavaca, 1896, Pringle 6877; Gallejo Spring, Chihuahua,
1846, Wislizenus 122; Ixtaccihuatl, 1908, Purpus 49,
Texas: Chenate Mountains, Havard; Eagle Pass, 1881, Havard: Limpia
Canyon, 1889, Nealley 618; 1849, Wright 595.
ARIZONA: Beaver Creek near Camp Verde, 1891, MacDougal; Prescott,
1896, Kunze; south of Tucson, 1892, Towmey 395; Fort Whipple, 1869,
Palmer.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 369
4. Mirabilis wrightiana A. Gray; Britton & Kearney, Trans, N. Y. Acad. Sci.
14:28. 1894.
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: Kingston, 1904, Metcalfe 1187; Eagle Creek, White Moun-
tains, 1899, Turner SO; Chiz, 1904, Wooton 2829; Gila Hot Springs,
1900, Wooton; Mogollon Mountains, 1881, Rusby 350; Middle Fork of
the Gila, 1908, Metcalfe 432; Grant County, 1880, Greene; near Silver
City, 1880, Greene; base of San Luis Mountains, 1893, J/earns 2155;
Dog Spring, Dog Mountains, 1895, Mearns 2359; Animas Valley, 1893,
Mearns 2499; Santa Rita, 1895, Mulford T1T.
ARIZONA: Apache Pass, Chiracahua Mountains, 1881, Lemmon; Bowie,
1884, Jones; Fort Apache, 1901, A/ayerhoff 44; Fort Lowell, 1903,
Thornber 90; Santa Rita Mountains, 1880, Engelmann; Fort Huachuca,
1894, Wilcor 299, 408; Cottonwood, 1874, Rothrock 359; Camp Wal-
lace, 1867, Doctor Smart 425; Fort Whipple, 1865, Cowes & Palmer 15.
Texas: El Paso, Wright 1702.
Mexico: Guadalupe Canyon, Sonora, 1893, H. C. Merton 2052; Canyon
above Palomas, Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 331,
MIRABILIS BIGELOVIE A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 21:413, 1886. I have seen no
reliable material of this species and can not determine it certainly without
seeing the type. It is probably Hesperonia glutinosa gracilis or some other form
of H. glutinosa.
10. ACLEISANTHES A. Gray.
Acleisanthes A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci, II. 15: 259, 1853,
Pentacrophys A. Gray, loc. cit.
Perennial herbs or shrubby plants; leaves opposite, rather thick, the blades
unequal, petioled, entire; flowers axillary or terminal, each subtended by
1 to 8 small, narrow bracts; perianth white, corolla-like, with a long slender
tube and spreading, 5-lobed limb; stamens 2 to 5, unequal, sometimes exserted,
with very slender filaments, these united at the base; fruit rather narrowly
ellipsoidal, 5-angled or 5-ribbed.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Ribs ending above in conspicuous knobs or glands.
Leaves obtuse; glands at the summit of the ribs; bracts
one-half as long as the fruit-_____.-_-______________ 1. A. wrightii.
Leaves acute; glands in depressions below the knobs
at the tops of the ribs; bracts as long as the fruit or
longer______________------------------- ee. 2. A. acutifolia,
Ribs not ending above in conspicuous knobs or glands.
Opposite leaves strongly unequal_____~_- ae _— _. 3. A. anisophylla,
Opposite leaves not strongly unequal.
Leaves acuminate, lanceolate; plants mostly gla-
brous____________-_-_----$ ++ e- 4. A. longiflora.
Leaves not acuminate.
Leaves ovate, mucronate, thick and fleshy _——__ 5. A. crassifolia,
Leaves reniform-cordate, obtuse or rather
obtuse. °
Leaves thin, rather large; flowers con-
spicuously pediceled______-_-_-----____- 6. A. obtusa,
Leaves thick and considerably smaller;
flowers sessile_________-_-------------- 7. A. greggii.
870 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
1. Acleisanthes wrightii (A. Gray) Benth. & Hook.; Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am.
3: 6. 1882.
Pentacrophys wrightit A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II, 15: 261. 1853.
Doctor Gray says that the flowers have 2 stamens, but those I examined
had 5.
Specimens examined:
Texas: San Pedro, Pecos, and Limpio, Wright 1713, type collection,
2. Acleisanthes acutifolia Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial from a woody base; stems rather slender with minute and seattering
pubescence composed of short, appressed, blunt, white hairs and, scattered
among them, 2 few short, gland-tipped hairs; leaf blades lanceolate or ellip-
tical, 4.5 em. or Jess in length and J8 mm. or less wide, acute, narrowed to
the base and somewhat decurrent upon the petioles, which are one-third or
less as long as the blades, the margins wavy, both surfaces .very sparingly
puberulent; flowers short-pediceled, the pedicels about 3 mm. long; involucral
bracts 8, linear, as long as the fruit or longer; flowers funnelform, 4 cm. long
or more, rather densely puberulent without, the limb about 18 mm. wide; sta-
mens 5, exserted; some of the flowers cleistogamous, their undeveloped peri-
anths with 5 small stamens; fruit 7 to 8 mm. long, oblong, with 5 thick, smooth
ribs separated by very shallow and inconspicuous depressions; ribs ending in
small, knoblike bodies detached from the ribs proper by shallow depressions, the
latter containing small glands.
The acute leaves with narrowed bases and short petioles will separate this
plant from A. wrightii, with which it has been confused; it is also distinguished
by its different fruits, pedicels, and bracts. In A. wrightii the glands are
located at the very ends of the ribs instead of in depressions below their sum-
mits, as in this species. Type in the National Herbarium (no, 155669), col-
lected at Maxon’s Spring, Texas, by Havard. Also collected in the Santa
Eulalia Mountains, Chihuahua, 1885, Pringle 671 (plant with rather shorter
perianths and shorter pedicels than the type).
This is no. 1127 of the Mexican Boundary Survey and is figured in the
Report of the Mexican Boundary Survey, plate 47, figures B, B:, and Bs.
ligure B, is A. wrightii.
3. Acleisanthes anisophylla A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sei. IT. 15: 261. 1853.
Specimens eramined:
Texas: Rio San Pedro, Wright 1706, type collection ; Wright 598.
4, Acleisanthes longiflora A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. IT. 15: 261. 1853.
Specimens examined:
Texas: Wright 599, type collection; Wright 1704; on the,Llano under mes-
quite bushes on prairies, 1847, Lindheimer 679; 20 miles west of New
Braunfels, 1846, Lindheimer 289; Coleman County, 1882, Reverchon
1346; Kimble County, 1885, Reverchon; prairies near Stanton, 1900,
Haogert; near Laredo, 1899, Mackenzie 26; Laredo, 1879, Palmer 1115;
near Laredo, 1901, Fggert; Sierra Blanca, 1895, AMulford 290; San
Angelo, 1908, Reverchon; San Antonio, H. HW. Wilkinson 126; San An-
tonio, 1901, Bush S65; Devils River, Valverde County, 1900, Eggert;
Midland, 1902, Tracy 83812; plains west of Pecos, 1902, Tracy; Fort
Clark, 1893, Mearns 1429, 1441; Mexican Boundary Survey 1123;
Cibolo Canyon, 1881, Havard; Bexar County, Jermy 124; San Diego,
1885, VM. B. Croft 68388; Knickerbocker Ranch, Tom Green County, 1880,
Tweedy 35; Roma, 1889, Nealley 302; Ballinger, 1889, Nealley 370,
STANDLEY—ALLIONTACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 371
Mexico: Parras, Coahuila, 1905, Purpus 1056; near Chihuahua, 1885,
Pringle 101; Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 88; Buena Vista, 1547, Gregg 355,
New Mexico; Delaware Creek, 1893, Nealley 12.
CALIFORNIA: Marie Mountains, Colorado Desert, eastern Riverside County,
1906, BE. BE. Schellenger.
The California specimen, received at a late day from Prof. H. M. Hall, of the
University of California, extends the range of the species considerably to the
northwest,
Attached to his no. 355 in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden is
the following interesting note by Doctor Gregg regarding this plant: “ Yerba
santa (or yerba de la rabia) ; the root in a decoction is used for cholera, fevers,
ete. Said to have acquired the name of yerba santa (holy herb) in 1814 on ac-
count of its wonderful virtues in curing a plague of that year.”
4a. Acleisanthes longiflora hirtella Standley, subsp. nov.
Stems hirtellous throughout; leaves like those of the species, but broader
and not attenuate, more or less puberulent on both surfaces, thick; otherwise
like the species; “flowers white,” the perianth more puberulent than in the
species. ;
Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden collected near
Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, September 20, 1848, Gregg 463. Gregg’s 725 from
“highlands near Patos” is probably the same; it has, however, very small
leaves, and the collector says of it “ flowers scarlet; a small shrub.”
5. Acleisanthes crassifolia A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 15: 260, 1853.
Type locality, “ High prairies of San Felipe Creek, W. Texas.”
Specimens exramined:
Texas: Wright 599, type collection; Van Horn, 1900, Eygert.
6. Acleisanthes obtusa (Choisy) Standley.
Nyctaginia obtusa Choisy in DC, Prod, 13°: 429, 1849.
Acleisanthes berlandiert A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sei. II. 15: 260, 1853.
Doctor Gray in his description of A. berlandiecri suspected that his species
might be the same as the plant published by Choisy in the genus Nyctaginia.
I have seen a specimen of the type collection of NV. obtusa in the Engelmann
Herbarium which leaves no room for doubt regarding the matter.
Specimens examined:
Texas: Berlandier 2007, type collection; San Fernando (Creek?), 18385,
Berlandier 3044; between Rio Frio and Nueces, Berlandier 3208;
Corpus Christi, 1860; Eagle Pass, Havard ; Uvalde, 1880, Palmer 1117;
Mexican Boundary Survey 1125; Roma, 1889, Nealley 228; San An-
tonio, 1882, Letterman 124; Dilley, 1905, Reverchon; Laredo, 1882,
Letterman.
7. Acleisanthes greggii Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial; stems stout, lignescent, dichotomously much-branched, glabrous
below, minutely puberulent above and on the younger branches; internodes
short, 1 to 2 cm. long; leaf blades ovate, cordate or truncate at the base, very
thick, 15 mm. long or usually less, glabrous, paler below, rather obtuse ;
petioles stout, one-half as long as the blades; flowers sessile, about 3 ecm.
long, tubes slender, limb 15 mm. wide, ‘white and pinkish purple within; ”
stamens 5, much exserted; flowers single or sometimes 2 or 3 together, each
subtended by 2 or 3 thick, subulate bracts; fruit in the type not fully devel-
oped, but 5 mm. long and strongly 5-angled.
372 ° CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
This Mexican plant differs from the Texan species, A. obtusa, in its smaller
and thicker leaves, more branched and stouter stem, stouter petioles, and
sessile flowers. Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden,
eollected at Monterey, Mexico, June 22, 1848, Gregg 157.
ACLEISANTHES NUMMULARIA Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10:43. 1902. This,
the only other species of the genus, was named from specimens collected near
E1 Paso, Texas, but I have not been able to see specimens of the species.
11. HERMIDIUM &. Wats. ‘
Hermidium S. Wats. Bot. King Explor. 286, 1871.
Perennial herbs, glabrous, erect; leaves opposite, entire, short-petioled,
thick and fleshy; flowers at the ends of the branches or axillary, on short
peduncles, 3 flowers on each peduncle, each flower pediceled and subtended
by a large, ovate, leaf-like bract; calyx campanulate, purplish, slightly lobed ;
stamens’5 to 7, about as long as the perianth; fruit subspherical, smooth,
glabrous,
A monotypic genus. The plant very closely resembles Quamoclidion multi-
florum except in its involucral bracts, which are not united to form a calyx-
like involucre, and in the shape of the perianth.
1. Hermidium alipes S. Wats. Bot. King Explor. 286. 1871.
Specimens examined:
NevaDA: Humboldt Valley, 1860, S. Watson 960, type collection; Palmetto
Range, 1898, Purpus 5862: Wadsworth, 1902, J. C. Jacobs 458; Can-
delaria, Shockley 31.
CALIFORNIA: Panamint Canyon, 1897 Jones; Sierra Mountains, 1875,
Lemmon; near Laws, 1906, Heller 82380.
UtTaH: Willow Springs, 1891, Jones.
12. SENKENBERGIA Schauer.
Senkenbergia Schauer, Linnea 19: 711. 1847.
Lindenia Mart & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 10°: 357, 1843, not Benth. 1842.
Tinantia Mart & Gal. loc. cit. 11': 240, 1844, not Schiedw. 1839.
Boerhaavia of various authors in part, not L.
Perennial, erect herbs, glabrous or puberulent; leaves opposite, thick and
fleshy, entire, petioled; flowers in bracted racemes; calyx red, funneiform,
with a short, narrow tube, which expands gradually into the broad limb; fruit
asymmetrical, gibbous, glaucous, 10-ribbed,
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Steam and leaves glabrous; racemes solitary, not subtended
by bract-like leaves. ~~~. ~ ~-----~~-___- woe 1. S. gypsophiloides,
Stem and leaves more or less puberulent; racemes of flow-
ers panicled, the separate racemes subtended by bract-
like leaves___ ~~~ eee 2. S. crassifolia,
1. Senkenbergia gypsophiloides (Mart. & Gal.) Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI, 3:6.
1880.
Lindenia gysophiloides Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 10°: 357. 1843.
Tinantia gypsophiloides Mart. & Gal. loc. cit. 11°: 240. 1844,
Senkenbergia annulata Schauer, Linnea 19: 711. 1847.
Boerhaavia gibbosa Pavon; Choisy in DC. Prod. 18°: 457. 1849.
Boerhaavia gypsophiloides Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 354. 1894.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 373
Specimens eramined:
New Mexico: La Luz Canyon, 1901, Wooton; Organ Mountains, 18938,
Wooton; Organ Mountains, 1881, Vasey; Carlsbad, 1902, Tracy.
Texas: Devil's River, Valverde County, 1900, Eggert; El Paso, 1884,
Jones 4216; Junction City, Reverchon 1584; Big Springs, 1900, Eggert ;
1849, Wright 618; Bone Spring, 1889, Nealley 455,
Mexico: Near Chibuahua, 1885, Pringle 698; Saltillo, 1898, Palmer 171;
Tehuacan, Puebla, 1905, Purpus 1831; Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, 1905,
Purpus 1438; Chihuahua, 1886, Pringle 9ST; between Monterey and
Cerralvo, 1847, Wislizenus 340; 1848-49, Gregg.
2. Senkenbergia crassifolia Standley, sp. nov.
Perennial, 60 to 100 em. high; stem rough-puberulent below, glabrous or
glandular-viscid above; leaf blades thick, ovate, obtuse, broadly cuneate or
{truneate at the base, puberulent on both surfaces, 20 to 30 mm. long and 15 to
20 mm. wide; petioles puberulent, as long as the blades or a little shorter ;
flowers (not seen) in racemes, these in diffuse panicles, each raceme with very
small bract-like leaves at the base, each flower subtended by a soon deciduous
lanceolate bract; fruit reflexed on the very short pedicels, about 7 mm. long,
gibbous, truncate above, tapering below, obscurely 10-nerved.
This species is near S. gypsophiloides, but differs in the panicled inflo-
rescence with racemes subtended by bract-like leaves, and in the pubescent stems
and broader and more thickly puberulent leaves. Type in the herbarium of
the University of California, collected at Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, 1898,
Palmer 172.
13. COMMICARPUS Standley.
Commicarpus Standley, gen. nov.
Boerhaavia l., in part.
Perennial plants with long and slender, climbing or reclining stems; leaves
thin, mostly ovate-cordate, with conspicuous petioles, entire, opposite; flowers
in umbels on moderately long pedicels; perianth short-funnelform, with a very
short tube below the broad limb; flowers small; stamens exserted; fruit rather
obscurely 10-ribbed, clavate, with numerous, rather large, mucilaginous glands
scattered over its surface.
The plants included here have always passed as Boerhaavias, but they differ
widely from the plants of that genus in the habit of the plant, form of the
fruit, and shape of the perianth. Boerhaavia scandens and several related
species were included by Doctor Heimerl® in the section Adenophorae of the
genus Boerhaavia.
Type species, Boerhaavia scandens T.
The name alludes to the viscid fruit.
KEY TO THE SPECIES.
Pedicels glabrous; glands scattered irregularly over the fruit__ 1. C. scandens.
Pedicels pubescent; glands arranged in horizontal rows about
the fruit_______-_-_-_-_--------_---------------+---------+- 2. C. brandegei.
1. Commicarpus scandens (L.) Standley.
Boerhaavia scandens L. Sp. Pl. 8. 1753.
Boerhaavia grahami A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. IT. 15: 328. 1853.
Type locality, “In Jamaica ad urbem jago de la vega.”
mlb,
@Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfam, 8°: 26,
374 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM
Specimens examined:
West INpies: Near Ponce, Porto Rico, 1902, Heller 6090; Nassau, Bahamas,
1903, Curtiss 16; Kingston, Jamaica 1890, A. 8S. Hitchcock; El Cobre,
Cuba, 1902, Pollard & Palmer.
CoLUMBIA: Santa Marta, 1898-01, J/. H. Smith, 571.
Mexico: Guaymas, Sonora, 1887, Palmer 146; Hermosillo, 1892, Brandegee;
Altata, Sinaloa, 1904, Brandegee; Culiacan, Sinaloa, 1904, Brandegee;
San Gregorio, Baja California, 1890, Brandegee 483; Ixmiquilpan,
Hidalgo, 1905, Purpis 1487; Guaymas, 1897, Maltby 192; San Luis
Potosi, 1878, Parry & Palmer 772; rocky hills of the Somer Sonora,
1851-52, Wright 1715; Oaxaca Valley, Oaxaca, 1894, °C. LL. Smith 859;
Villa Union, Sinaloa. 1895, F’. H. Lamb 888; Santa Cruz, Sonora, 1852,
Thurber 23805,
ARIZONA: Tucson, 1894, Toumey; Santa Catalina Mountains, 1885, Pringle;
Santa Catalina Mountains, 1885, Lemmon; Camp Grant, 1867, Palmer
212; Lowell, 1884, Parish; head of the Cienega, 1874, Rothrock 590.
Texas: Bofecillos, 1881, Havard.
2, Commicarpus brandegei Standley, nom. nov.
Boerhaavia clongata Brandeg. Proc. Cal. Acad. Il. 2:199, 1889, not Salisb.
Prod. 56. 1796.
This closely resembles C. scandens in general appearance. The flowers, how-
ever, are much larger, 8 to 10 mm. in diameter and much longer than the small
ovary; the pedicels are pubescent instead of glabrous; the leaves are distinctly
mucronate or apiculate, and the fruit has mucilaginous glands which form hori-
zontal bands about it instead of being scattered irregularly as in C. scandens,
Specimens examined:
BaJA CALIFORNIA: San Pablo, 1889, Brandegee, type; Jesus Maria, 1889,
Brandegee; Arroyo Salado, 1901, Purpus 243.
2a. Commicarpus brandegei glabrior Standley, subsp. nov.
In general appearance and in the form of the fruit and size of the perianths
this plant resembles the species. The stem, however, and especially the pedicels,
are more slender; the pedicels are glabrous instead of pubescent, and the leaves
are broadly lanceolate and apiculate.
Type in the herbarium of the University of California (no, 101287), collected
at San José del Cabo, Baja California, September 29, 1893, Brandegee.
14. ANULOCAULIS Standley.
Anulocaulis Standley, gen. nov.
Boerhaavia of various authors, in part, not L.
Perennial herbs, stout and erect; stems glabrous, but the middle of each
internode usually provided with a reddish ring which exudes a mucilaginous
fluid; leaves with very thick, rigid, rather fleshy blades, opposite, margins fre-
quently lacerate, petioled; flowers in small clusters, these variously arranged,
sessile or pediceled, sometimes subumbellate, the clusters subtended by a few
small bracts; perianth funnelform with a prominent tube; fruit turbinate or
biturbinate, rather obscurely 10-ribbed.
There is no good reason why plants which differ so markedly as these from
typical Boerhaavias should be included in the genus Boerhaavia. Such treat-
ment is certainly not conducive to generic unity. The plants included in the
new genus may be separated at once by their distinct general appearance, due
especially to their large, thick leaves, the shape of the perianth which has a
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 375
distinct tube instead of being campanulate, and the 10-ribbed fruit of different
shape.
Doctor Heimerl® placed Boerhaavia leiosolena and B. eriosolena in a sep-
arate section of the genus, which he named Solenanthae. He remarks that
these two plants differ very much from the other species of the genus, but he
did not see fit to separate them more definitely.
Type species, Boerhaavia eriosolena A. Gray.
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Fruit obconical in outline, depressed above____-____-________ 1. A. eriosolenus.
Fruit biturbinate.
Flowers 5 to 9 mm. long; leaves conspicuously glandular-
dotted ~~~ ~~~ ee 2. A. annulatus.
Flowers 20 mm, long; leaves not glandular-dotted______ 3. A. leiosolenus.
S; :
1. Anulocaulis eriosolenus (A. Gray) Standley.
Boerhaavia eriosolena A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. Il. 15: 322. 1853,
Specimens examined:
Mexico: Azufrora near Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 512, type collection; Viesca,
Coahuila, 1905, Purpus 1053; Torreon, Coahuila, 1908, Purpus.
Texas: Bluffs of the Rio Grande, 1883, Havard 58; Mexican Boundary
Survey 1138.
2. Anulocaulis annulatus (Coville) Standley.
Boerhaavia annulata Coville, Contr. Nat. Herb. 4: 177. 1893,
Specimens examined:
CALIFORNIA: Furnace Creek Canyon, Funeral Mountains, 1891, Coville &
-———
Funston S77, type; Panamint Canyon, 1897, Jones.
38. Anulocaulis leiosolenus (Torr.) Standley.
Boerhaavia leiosolena Torr. Bot. Mex, Bound, 172. 185s.
Specimens examined:
TeExAS: Mexican Boundary Survey 1139, type collection ; Dallas Creek, 1881,
Havard; Tornillo Creek, 1883, Havard.
NEVADA: Muddy Creek, 1898, Purpus 6155.
15. BOERHAAVIA L.
-—«
Boerhaavia L. Sp. Pl. 38. 1753.
Annual or perennial herbs, slender, glabrous or pubescent, often with
glandular rings about the internodes; leaves opposite, the blades unequal, entire,
petioled or sessile; flowers small, variously arranged, each usually subtended by
1 or 2 minute bracts, on jointed pedicels; perianth campanulate, 5-lobed ; stamens
1 to 5, exserted or included, with very slender filaments which are united at
the base; fruit club-shaped to obpyramidal, 3 to 5-ribbed, 3 to 5-angled, or
sometimes with 3 to 5 low, thick, not membranous wings,
Type species, Boerhaavia erecta L.
The genus has probably a wider distribution than any other of the genera of
the Allioniaceae. It includes about fifty species besides those mentioned here.
They occur through the southern part of the United States, through Mexico, the
West Indies, a large part of South America, and the islands of the Pacific, in-
cluding Australia, and through southern and eastern Asia, Africa, and Spain.
@Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfam, 3'°; 26, 1889,
376 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The individual species differ from those of Abronia in that they often extend
over relatively large areas; wide distribution seems to be characteristic of a
majority of the species. B. erecta is a good example of such distribution.
Doctor Heimer] divided the genus (as it is defined here) into two sections,
the first, Pterocarpon, containing B. pterocarpa (several other related species
such as B, alata and B. megaptera should be included here); and the second,
Micranthae, including the rest of the species. The two sections are hardly
worthy of being maintained. The wings of the former section differ from the
ridges of the second merely in degree and it would be difficult to tell to which
some of the species should be referred. The genus as it is defined here is com-
posed of closely related species and is the most satisfactory of the large genera
of the family in this respect. '
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Fruit with distinet, rather thick, not membranous
wings; annuals; flowers umbellate.
Umbels either axillary or terminal, but never pani-
B, pterocarpa,
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—
Umbels arranged in panicles.
Wings of the fruit only slightly narrowed be-
low; umbels with only 2 or 4 flowers or the
flowers frequently solitary; flowers 8 min.
long_-----------__-_--________ ee 2. B. alata.
Wings of the fruit considerably narrowed be-
low; umbels containing 5 or 6 flowers;
flowers about 1 mm. long____--_----------_. 3. B. megaptera.
Fruit not winged; the ribs sometimes almost wing-like,
but very thick and coriaceous.
Flowers 5 mm, wide or more; perennials.
Leaves ovate or oval___-__-__-~_-_________ —.. 21. RB. anisophylla.
Leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate.
Margins of the leaves strongly revolute;
leaves thick; stamens mostly 5 -___~_-__ 22. LB, tenuifolia,
Margins of the leaves not revolute or
but slightly so; leaves broader and thin;
stamens mostly 3; plants larger and
stouter.
Stems hispid below, glandular above_ 23. B. linearifolia.
Stems glandular-pubescent throughout. 23a. 2. linearifolia
glandulosa.
Flowers less than 5 mm. wide.
Flowers solitary at the ends of the peduncles;
perennials.
Fruit glabrous; flowers about 1 mm. wide. 19. B. organensis,
Fruit viscid; flowers from 38 to almost 5
mm. wide____-_-_-___________________-. 20. B. gracillima,
Flowers not solitary at the ends of the
branches.
Flowers umbellate or subumbellate at the
ends of the peduncles.
Fruit glabrous; annuals.
Fruit subtended by conspicuous, per-
sistent, large bracts; plants gland-
ular_--__-__---~---------------- 9. B. purpurascens,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES.
Bractlets deciduous or very small
and inconspicuous; plants very
sparingly if at all glandular.
Fruit with 3 or 4 broad, thick,
wing-like ridges, the body
strongly rugulose; leaves thick,
paler below ; flowers 1 mm. long,
with two or three stamens_-_-__-.
Fruit with 5 lower, thick, wing-
like ridges; leaves mostly
thinner.
Leaves lanceolate.
Flowers 2 or 8 mm. long, soli-
tary or 2 or 3 in a fascicle;
leaves brown-dotted ; wings
of fruit much larger than
in members of the B. erecta
group ___----- ~~.
Flowers about 1.5 mm. long,
sessile, collected in small
heads; leaves black-dotted ;
wings of the fruit compar-
atively thin____-------__-
Leaves mostly ovate or ellip-
tical, not lanceolate.
Leaves black-dotted beneath,
irregularly ovate, acutish,
thin; fruit mostly in com-
pound umbels, conspicuous-
ly pediceled__----____--~--
Leaves not black-dotted be-
neath.
Plant tall, erect; leaves
ovate, acute, Wwavy-mar-
gined; flowers in com-
pound umbels____----__-
Plant low, spreading or
ascending; leaves mostly
elliptical, obtuse, “not
wavy-margined; flowers
in heads, or in simple
but not in compound
umbels___--_-----------
Fruit glandular-viseid; perennials.
Fruit scarcely suleate; clusters at
the ends of the peduncles few-
flowered; stems almost or quite
glabrous; Isaves thin, obtuse,
usually paler beneath____-----~-
Fruit more prominently sulcate;
clusters at the ends of the pe-
duncles many-flowered.
66788—vol 12, pt S—O9 6
4.
D.
B. triquetra.
B. maculata,
377
6. B, universita tis.
7.
10.
B. erecta,
. B. erecta
thornberi.
. B.intermedia,
B, paniculata,
378 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Fruit obtuse; leaves of about the
same color on both surfaces,
broadly obtuse at the base;
stems or petioles or both hir-
sute; panicle loosely branched.
Fruit acutish; leaves paler be-
low, mostly narrowed or
cuneate at the base; inflor-
escence mostly axillary, sel-
dom forming a much-
branched panicle.
Leaves strongly apiculate_____ 12. B. viscosa
apiculata,
Leaves not strongly apiculate.
Stems glandular-pubescent ;
peduncles and pedicels al-
ways glandular__ ~~ ___- 12. B. viscosa,
Stems almost glabrous, or
pulverulent below________- 12b. B. viscosa
oligadena,
Flowers forming slender, simple, spike-
like racemes, which are usually ar-
ranged in panicles; annuals.
Ribs 4, very acute; bracts large and
persistent; fruit very obtuse or
truneate above _-_------___-___-_- 1
Ribs 5; fruit never truncate above.
Ribs of the fruit thick, smooth,
obtuse, with very narrow, al-
most straight channels between
them.
Stamens included; stems very
finely puberulent; plant
spreading and much
branched; leaves thin____- 1
Stamens exserted; stems
more or less hirsute below,
especially in young plants;
flowers 2 mm. long or
“" more, forming thicker
spikes____~_-_--_-________ 14. B. coulteri.
Ribs of the fruit thin, acute,
rugulose, with wide and _ shal-
low spaces between them.
Stamens included; flowers
about 1 mm. long; bracts
lanceolate; plant = glandu-
lar______- eee 1
Stamens exserted.
Flowers 2 mm. long, con-
spicuously brown-
nerved; stamens 1 or
2; bracts ovate, red-
dotted___-__.----.--_.. 15. B. spicata,
n
B.wrightii.
. B. watsoni,
. B, torreyana.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 379
Flowers’3 mm, long or
more, white; stamens
2 or 3; bracts nar-
rowly ovate or lanceo-
late___---- 16. B. vranti,
1. Boerhaavia pterocarpa S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 876. 1882.
Type locality, “Apache Pass, Arizona.”
Specimens examined:
ARIZONA: Tucson, 1892, Toumey; Tucson, 1903 and 1904, T’hornber 259, 548.
Mexico: Near Altar, Sonora, 1904, Griffiths 6887,
2. Boerhaavia alata S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 69. 1889.
Specimens examined:
Mexico: Guaymas, 1887, Palmer 332, type collection.
A sheet of Palmer’s in the herbarium of the University of California and
one in the National Herbarium bearing this number contain a very different
plant described elsewhere as a new species.
3. Boerhaavia megaptera Standley, sp. nov.
Annual; erect, about 30 cm. high; branched from neur the base; stems
slender, sparingly short-puberulent; leaf blades 20 to 25 mm. long and 8 to
12 mm. wide, narrowly elliptical to almost linear above, of about the same
color on both surfaces, rather obtuse or mostly acute at the apex, obtuse at
the base; petioles about one-half as long as the blades: branches of the
inflorescence alternate, forming a narrow panicle; peduncles 1 cm. long or
more, each bearing an umbel of 8 to 5 pedicellate flowers; perianth about 1 mm.
long or slightly longer, pinkish; fruit 3.5 mm. long and about 2.5 mm. wide,
with 5 thin, broad wings, these only slightly narrowed toward the base and
above rounded slightly above the body of the fruit; body and wings glabrous
and smooth, not at all rugulose.
The only species with which this is likely to be confused is B. alata, from
which it may be distinguished by its fruit being acute below, while that of the
latter species is only slightly narrowed; by the fact, also, that the fruit is col-
lected in fascicles of 5 or 6 and is on shorter pedicels, and that the flowers of the
new species are much smaller. The fruit of the plant might almost place it
in Selinocarpus, but the wings, although large, are not membranous as in that
genus; the habit and flowers, too, show at once that it is a Boerhaavia rather
than a Selinocarpus, for which it has been mistaken. Type in the herbarium
of the University of Arizona, collected by Prof. J. J. Thornber on Flattop
Mountain, Tucson Mountains, altitude 850 meters, September 8, 1903, no. 162.
4. Boerhaavia triquetra 8S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 69. 1889.
Specimens cramined:
Mexico: Los Angeles Bay, Lower California, 1887, Palmer 521, type col-
lection, and no. 605,
5. Boerhaavia maculata Standley, sp. nov.
Annual, erect; stems slender, much branched, minutely puberulent below or
mostly glabrous, brown-dotted, not glutinous above; blades lanceolate, about
25 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, acute, rounded at the base, brown-dotted on both
surfaces, paler below, mostly glabrous; petioles very short; inflorescence panicu-
late, much branched; flowers 2 or 3 mm. long, single or 2 or 3 in a fascicle, on
380 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
slender pedicels which are 6 mm. long or less; stamens included; fruit nar-
rowly obpyramidal in outline, almost 4 mm. high, truncate above, acute below,
with 5 comparatively thin, narrow, transversely wrinkled wings.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 22987, cotype in the herbarium of the
University of California; collected at Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico, 1887, Palmer
332, in part. The type sheet of B. alata S. Wats. also bears the same number,
but the plant is different, its fruit having thick,-corrugated wings, while that
of B. alata has much wider, thin, and rather membranous wings, which are but
little narrowed below. From B. triquetra this species is distinguished by its
larger fruit, its wider and more numerous wings, and the much narrower
spaces between the wings.
On the sheet in the National Herbarium which contains the type is a packet
containing fruit which seems not to belong to this plant, and which is probably
the fruit of an undescribed species, for it does not seem to agree with that of
any plant reported from Guaymas.
6. Boerhaavia universitatis Standley, sp. nov.
Annual erect, branched from near the base; stems with a short, rather pul-
verulent pubescence on almost every part, slender, conspicuously brown-dotted ;
leaf blades lanceolate, 20 to 50 mm. long and 5 to 10 mm. wide, acute, rather
obtuse at the base, of about the same color on both surfaces, conspicuously
black-dotted below; petioles very short; branches of the inflorescence alternate,
paniculate, slender; ultimate peduncles 10 to 12 mm. long; flowers almost ses-
sile, in umbels of about 5, whitish, 1.5 mm. long; fruit 2.5 mm. long, very nar-
rowly obpyramidal, with 5 thin, winglike ridges which are truncate above, the
body of the fruit rugulose between the wings.
This is nearest B. intermedia, from which it differs in its black-dotted leaves
and stems, lanceolate leaves, and more distinctly winged fruit. From B, erecta
it is distinguished by its narrower leaves, by the arrangement of the flowers in
umbels, all of the pedicels being attached at the very end of the peduncle
instead of at various points near its end, and by its more distinctly winged
fruit. Type in the herbarium of the University of Arizona, collected by
Thornber, September 2, 1903, on the campus of the university, Tucson, Arizona;
altitude 740 meters.
Other specimens examined:
ARIZONA: Corralitas to El Paso, Thurber 782; Tucson, 1867, Palmer 213.
Texas: ‘No lo ‘ality, 1881, Havard; 1849, Wright 609. Mexican Boundary
Survey 1188, in part.
7. Boerhaavia erecta L. Sp. Pl. 3. 1753.
Type locality, “In Vera Cruce.”’
An erect annual; stems usually reddish below, simple at the base but branched
above, glabrous, or roughened below; leaf blades oblong-ovate, mostly obtuse
or acutish, 50 or 40 mm. long and 25 mm. wide, rounded or broadly cuneate at
the base, glabrous, paler beneath, black-dotted on the lower surface, the upper
blades narrower and more acute; inflorescence dichotomously paniculate-
branched; flowers about 1 mm. long, the perianth sparingly hispid; stamens
exserted; fruit in clusters of 8 to 6 at the ends of the slender peduncles, the
pedicels not attached at the very end of the peduncle, but at various points near
the end, each fruit on a pedicel as long as itself or shorter; fruit 3 or 4 mm.
long, narrow, truncate above, narrowly obpyramidal, with 5 ridges which are
low but distinct, the spaces between them more or Jess rugulose; fruit usually
green,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 381
Specimens excamined:
Mexico: Coast south of Pescadero, Baja California, 1898, Brandegee;
Culiacan, Sinaloa, 1904, Brandegee; Zacuapan, Vera Cruz, 1906, Pur-
pus 1929; Yucatan, 1895, Gaumer 361; Yucatan, 1896, Valdez 91;
Acapulco, 1894-95, Palmer 309, in part; San José del Cabo, Baja
California, 1890, Brandegee 485; Guaymas, 1887, Palmer 182; Cape
Region, Baja California, 1899, Brandegee; Monterey, 1902, Pringle
11189; Manzanillo, 1890, Palmer 907,
ARIZONA: Beaver Creek, 1883, Rusby 791; Plants of the Hopis, Mills-
paugh 214; Ehrenberg, 1902, J/rs, F. Stephens; Oracle, 1905,
Thornber.
CoLtorapo: HH, Hall, without locality, the label probably wrong.
Itoripa: Jacksonville, 1894, Curtiss 5115; Eustis, 1894, Nash 9738; Apa-
lachicola, 1888, Chapman Herbarium 1638b; Myers, 1900, Hitchcock;
South Jacksonville, 1895, Lightpipe 414; Sarasota Bay, 1890, J. H.
Simpson 89; Key West, 1874, Palmer 455,
ALABAMA: Auburn, 1897, Harl & Baker.
MISSISSIPPI: 1880, Langlois; Biloxi, 1900, Tracy 6891; Ocean Springs,
1895, Skehan.
GeorGIA; Albany, 1895, Small,
SoutH CAROLINA: Aiken, 1869, H. Ravenel |. (National Herbarium).
ARKANSAS: Fulton, 1900, Bush 1060.
Louisiana: Hale, without locality; Lake Charles, 1899, Mackenzie 501.
Texas: Bracken, Comal County, 1903, Groth 157; Dallas, 1879, Lever-
chon; Galveston Island, 1901, Tracy 7663; Waco, L. Pace 38; Dallas,
1899, Hggert; Graniteville, 1899, Eggert; Palestine, 1899, Eggert;
White Hall, Grimes County, 1888, Pammel; Dallas County, 1877,
Reverchon 792; Columbia, 1900, Bush 1457; San Antonio, 1898,
BE. H, Wilkinson 198; Houston, 1899, Bush 258; near San Antonio,
1900, Eggert; Rusk County, Vinzent 67; Austin, J. F. Joor; Bexar
County, Jermy 57, 112; Hempstead, 1894, Thurow T.
NicaRacua: Asseradores Island, Chinandega, 1903, Baker 2134.
VENEZUELA: Island of Margarita, 1901, Miller & Johnston,
CoLoMBIA: Santa Marta, 1898-1901, H. H. Smith.
GUATEMALA: Puerto Barrios, 1905, Pitticr 381; Moran, Departmento
Amatitlan, 1905, Kellerman 4535.
West Inpres: Martinique, 1892, Duss 2175; Guadeloupe, 1892, Duss 2175;
St. Croix, Danish West Indies, 1896, Ricksccker 401; Coamo Springs,
Porto Rico, 1902, Heller 6107.
Ta. Boerhaavia erecta thornberi (Jones) Standley.
Boerhaavia thornberé Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 12: 72. 1908,
This is scarcely separable from B. erecta, as a species at least. The plant
is erect and rather more slender than the species, and its leaves are without
black dots benenth. Aside from these minor differences there seems to be little
variation from typical B. erecta,
Specimens eramined:
Arona: Tucson, 1903, Thornber 10, type; Tucson, 1903, Thornber 339;
Fort Huachuca, 1894, Wilcow 321; Beaver Creek, 1883, Rusby; Rincon
Mountains, 1891, Nealley 145.
Mexico: Guadalupe Canyon, Sonora, 18938, #. OC. Merton 2045.
Wright 1724, 1720 in National Herbarium,
382 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Metcalfe’s 787 from Mangas Springs, New Mexico, is probably a slender and
depauperate form of this variety; another plant from the same locality, 1897,
J. G. Smith 26, is even more depauperate and has brown-dotted leaves, thus
connecting the variety directly with B. erecta,
8. Boerhaavia intermedia Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10: 41. 1902.
Specimens examined:
TEXAS: El Paso, 1883, Jones 41738, type collection; Chenate Mountains,
1889, Nealley 257; canyon west of Tarlinga, 1883, Havard; Presidio,
Trelease 358a.,
Mexico: Hills near Chihuahua, 1886, Pringle.
NEw Mexico: Organ Mountains, 1895, Wooton; Mesilla Valley, 1907,
Standley; plains of the Rio Gila, 1880, Greene 278.
ARIZONA: Tempe, 1901, Kearney 135; foothills of the Santa Catalina Moun-
tains, 1881, Pringle; ? Apache Pass, Chiracahua Mountains, 1881,
Lemmon; Tucson Mountains, 1908, Thornber 161; 7? Antelope, 1902,
Purpus 83.
CALIFORNIA: Southwestern part of the Colorado Desert, San Diego County,
1890, Oreutt 2090.
9. Boerhaavia purpurascens A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sei. Il. 15: 821, 1853.
Specimens examined:
NEW Mexico: Copper Mines, 1851-52, Wright 1725, type collection; Car-
lisle, 1902, Wooton; Mogollon Mountains, 1880, Rusby 852; banks of
the Gila, Greene; Mogollon Mountains, 1881, Rusby 7018; east fork of
the Rio Gila, 1900, Wooton.
ARIZONA: Apache Pass, Chiracahua Mountains, 1881, Lemmon; Fort
Whipple, 1865, Coues & Palmer 483; Fort Huachuca, 1894, Wileox.
Mexico: Near Chihuahua, 1887, Palmer 1582; ? Copradia, 1904, Brandegec;
Guadalupe Canyon, Sonora, 1893, FH. C. Merton 2044.
10. Boerhaavia paniculata L. ©. Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 105, 1792.
Specimens examined:
Fioripa: Eustis, 1894, Nash 974; Key West, 1874, Palmer; Punta Rossa,
1900, Hitchcock 284; Soldiers Key, 1904, Britton 333: Eustis, 1894,
Hitchcock; Key West, 1904, Lansing 2078; Newport, Key Largo, 1898,
Pollard, Collins & Morris 176; Miami, 1877, Garber; Sanibel Island,
1901, Tracy 7664.
West INDIES: Cieneguito, Cuba, 1895, Rob Combs 104: Santiago, Cuba,
1902, Palmer 370; Nueva Gerona, Isla de Pinos, 1904, Curtiss 359;
Jamaica, 1892, Lloyd 1099; Martinique, Duss 2174; Guadeloupe, 1892,
Duss 2174.
VENEZUELA: Island of Margarita, 1901, Miller & Johnston 2038.
NortH Carouina: “In oriente Carolina Septentrionali, locis navalibus,”
1885, G. McCarthy 169.
11. Boerhaavia hirsuta Willd. Phyt. 1. 1794.
Specimens examined:
FLorIpA: Manatee County, 1887, J. 7. Rothrock.
West INDIES: El Cobre, Cuba, 1902, Pollard & Palmer 395; Santiago de
las Vegas, Cuba, 1904, Wilson 1147; ? Coamo circa Salinas, Porto Rico,
Sintenis 3293; Grand Cayman, 1891, Hitchcock; Bassin, Danish West
Indies, 1897, Ms. J. J. Ricksecker.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACKAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 883
New Mexico: Gila Valley, 1880, Greene.
Texas: Brownsville, 1895, Townsend 29; Victoria, 1900, Eggert; 1844,
Lindheimer 294.
ARIZONA: 1881, Pringle; Little Meadows, 1902, Mrs. F. Stephens; Santa
Catalina Mountains, 1894, Toumey; Tucson, 1892, Toumey 473.
CALIFORNIA: ? Middle Tule River, 1897, Purpus 5009; base of San Jacinto
Mountains, 1881, Parish 590; San Jacinto Plains, 1892, Hasse.
Mexico: Torreon, Coahuila, 1898, Palmer 487; Durango, 1896, Palmer 299 ;
Palm Valley, Lower California, 1883, Oreutt; Socorro Island, 1903,
Barkelew 205; San Gregorio, Lower California, 1889, Brandegec;
Patrocinia, Lower California, 1889, Brandegee ; Comondu, Lower Cali-
fornia, 1889, Brandegee ; Hermosillo, Sonora, 1892, Brandegee; ? Yuca-
tan, 1895, Gaumer 309; San José del Cabo, Lower California, 1897,
Anthony 356; near San Pablo, 1847, Gregg 542.
12. Boerhaavia viscosa Lag. & Rodr. Anal. Cienc, Nat. 4: 256, 1801.
Specimens examined:
Mexico: Durango, 1896, Palmer 3800; Valley of Cuantla, Morelos, 1901,
Pringle 9308; Acaponeta, Tepic, 1895, /. H, Lamb 528; near Chui-
chupa, Chihuahua, 1899, Barber & Townsend 408; Oaxaca Valley,
Oaxaca, 1894, C. L. Smith T74; San José del Cabo, Lower California,
1890, Brandegee 486; Oaxaca, 1900, C. C. Deam; near Yautepec,
Morelos, 1904, Pringle 13177; environs de Mexico, Berlandier 577,
Acapuleo, 1894-95, Palmer 308; near City of Mexico, 1849, Gregg 615.
New Mexico: ? Florida Mountains, 1805, J/ulford 1094.
12a. Boerhaavia viscosa apiculata Standley, subsp. nov.
Perennial, ascending; stems slender, minutely and sparsely puberulent
throughout, slightly glandular above, the stem appearing glabrous to the naked
eye; internodes long, 8 to 12 cm. ; leaf blades broadly ovate, obtuse at the apex
and conspicuously apiculate, broadly rounded at the base; petioles about one-
half as long as the blades; branches of the inflorescence very slender, forming
a narrow, mostly alternately branched panicle; fruit like that of the species.
Type collected at Copradia, near Culiacan, Sina loa, Mexico, Octoder 20, 1904,
Brandegee (in the herbarium of the University of California).
12b. Boerhaavia viscosa oligadena Heimer], Ann. Cons. et. Jard. Geney. 5: 189.
1901.
Boerhaavia ramulosa Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 10: 40. 1902.
This differs from B. viscosa in the following particulars: The stems are not
glandular below but have a_ short, seattered, appressed, almost pulverulent
pubescence; the petioles and the branches of the inflorescence, especially the
pedicels, have a short, close, glandular pubescence. The variety is founded
on two sheets, one collected in the Organ Mountains, New Mexico, 1897, Wooton
421; the other collected on Perico Island, Florida, 1900, Tracy 6654. The two
plants, although widely separated geographically, appear to be the same in
all essential characters.
Specimens examined:
Fioripa: Tampa, 1895, Nash 2466; Sarasota, 1876, Garber; Caloosa, 1878,
Garber; southern Florida, Chapman Herbarium; Marco, 1900, Hitch-
cock 283; Florida, 1842-49, /. Rugel 286; Perico Island (see notes
above).
Porto Rico: Two miles west of Ponce, 1902, Heller 6220,
384 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
TEXAS: Corpus Christi, 1804, Heller 1792; San Antonio, BE. MH. Wilkinson
129a; Austin, 1872, HE. Hall 532; Austin, 1884, Joor; San Antonio,
1900, Eggert; Waco, 1904, L. Pace: Laredo, 1899, Mackenzie 47; El
Paso, 1885, Jones, type collection of B. ramulosa.
New Mexico: Mangas Springs, 1908, Metcalfe 808; Byer's Spring, 1895,
Mulford 1085; Organ Mountains, 1894, and several other dates, Wooton;
south end of the Black Range, 1904, Metcalfe; Organ Mountains (see
notes above).
ARIZONA: Santa Cruz Valley near Tucson, 1881, Pringle; Galluno Moun-
tains, 1894, Toumey; Tucson, 1880, Engelmann: foothills of the Tucson
Mountains, 1901, Thornber; Tucson, 1892, Toumey; Fort Chittenden
to Patagonia, 1908, Griffiths 6120: Mexican boundary line south of
Bisbee, 1892, Mearns 988: Santa Catalina Mountains, 1883, Lemmon;
Fort Huachuca, 1891, Wileo..
13. Boerhaavia watsoni Standley, sp. nov.
Boerhaavia spicata palmeri 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24:70, 1889, not RB.
palmeri 8S. Wats. loc. cit.
Specimens examined:
MEXxIco: Guaymas, 1887, Palmer 141, type collection; Sonora, Thurber 992,
CALIFORNIA; Santa Catalina Mission, 1889, Orcutt.
These Arizona collections are of rather doubtful determination; they seem
to have the small flowers, included stamens, and slender spikes of B. watsoni,
yet their localities should place them rather with B. coulteri:
ARIZONA: Tucson, 1896, Toumey; Oak Creek, 1908, Purpus 8248: Wilmot,
1903, Thornber 187; Tueson, Thornber 338: Cochise, 1900, Griffiths 1911:
Camp Verde, 1891, Toumey; Fort Verde, 1891, MacDougal; Arizona,
1889, Vasey.
The following are referred here because of their fruit: they are considerably
more viscid than the type:
ARIZONA: Small range reserve near Tucson, 1905, Grifiths 6161; fenced
area, Santa Rita Forest Reserve, 1903, Griffiths 5988,
14. Boerhaavia coulteri (Hook.) S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 70. 1889.
Senkenbergia coulteri Hook. f. in Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. 3: 6. 1880.
The following should probably be included in this species according to Doctor
Watson's interpretation; they differ only slightly from his description of the
type, which I have not seen:
ARIZONA: Foothills: of the Santa Catalina Mountains, 1881, Pringle; Rin-
con Mountains, 1894, Toumey; Mexican Boundary Survey, Schott,
15, Boerhaavia spicata Choisy in DC. Prod. 137: 456. 1849,
Type locality, Mexico.
Of this species, so well discussed by Doctor Watson,” who had seen a portion
of the type material, I have seen only one sheet of whose identity it is possible
to feel at all certain, one collected at Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, August 20,
1904, Brandegee.
16. Boerhaavia xanti S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 69. 1889,
Type locality, ‘Cape Saint Lucas” (Mexico).
Specimens examined:
MExIco: Guaymas, 1887, Paliner 681: San José del Cabo, Lower California,
1890, Brandegee 484; Binorama (Cape Region, Lower California ), 1899,
Brandegee.
“Proc. Am. Acad. 24:70, 1889.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 885
17. Boerhaavia torreyana (S. Wats.) Standley.
Boerhaavia spicata torreyana S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 70. 1889.
No type locality was mentioned in the original description and no type speci-
men. The range of the variety was given us * Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.”
The plant is more glandular than B,. coulteri, and is a stouter plant with thicker
and glandular leaves.
Specimens examined:
New Mexico: Albuquerque, 1884, Jones 4131; near Silver City, 1880, Greene ;
Tortugas Mountain, near Las Cruces, 1902, Metcalfe; Florida Moun-
tains, 1895, Mulford 1007; south of the White Sands, 1897, Wooton 407;
Deming, 1895, J/ulford 1034; near Las Cruces, 1906, Standley; Chama
River, 1904, Wooton 2824; near McCarty’s Ranch, 1880, Rusby 357;
Las Cruces, 1881, Vasey.
ARIZONA: Holbrook, 1896, Myrtle Zuck; northeastern Arizona, 1896, /fough
10; Fort Huachuca, 1894, Wilcox 290.
Texas: Tornillo Creek, 1883, Havard 68, in part; Hueco Tanks, 1895, J/ul-
ford 127; Presidio, Trelease 358.
The following sheets are doubtful, but should probably be referred here:
New Mexico: Florida Mountains, 1895, MWulford 1115.
ARIZONA: Beaver Creek, 1183, Rusby.
Mexico: Torreon, Coahuila, 1898, Palmer 488,
18. Boerhaavia wrightii A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 15: 3822. 1853.
Boerhaauia bracteosa 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 20: 3870. 1885.
Specimens examined:
Texas: Wright 610, type collection; El Paso to Monument 538, 1892, F.
Wagner 9ST, a form with linear or narrowly lanceolate leaves; near
Great Canyon of the Rio Grande, 1883, Havard 62, type collection of
B. bracteosa,
New Mexico: Mesa west of the Organ Mountains, 1904, Wooton; near
Las Cruces, 1895, Wooton.
ARIZONA: Cienega, 1874, Rothrock 570; Grand Canyon, 1901, Leiberg 5038 ;
Arizona, 1885, Jones.
NevaDA: Wheeler’s Expedition 1872.
19. Boerhaavia organensis Standley, sp. nov.
Annual ?, low, 20 to 25 em. high, branched from the base; stems minutely
puberulent below, glutinous above; blades 2 cm. long or less, elliptical to
lanceolate, thick, glabrous, paler below, rather obtuse at both ends, the petioles
short and thick; inflorescence diffusely paniculate, the branches rather stouter
than in B. gracillima; flowers solitary on filiform pedicels which vary in length
from 1 em. to shorter than the flower; no very good flowers on the type but
those present about 1 mm. long, each subtended by a short, lanceolate bract;
fruit glabrous, 3 mm. long and about 2 mm. wide, the ribs rather acute, much
wider above than below, almost truncate above, the ribs rugulose.
This is nearest B. gracillima, from which it differs in the smaller size of
the plant, less diffuse panicles, much smaller flowers, and the glabrous fruit
of different form. Type in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural
College, collected in Filmore Canyon, Organ Mountains, New Mexico, October
23, 1904, Wooton. B. gracillima is common in the same locality.
386 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
20. Boerhaavia gracillima Heimer], Bot. Jahrb. 11: 86. 1889,
Boerhaavia anisophylla paniculata Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb, 2: 356. 1894.
_ Specimens examined:
Mexico: Near Chihuahua, 1885, Pringle 665, type collection; Durango,
1896, Palmer 629; Sierra Madre, Chihuahua, Townsend & Barber O79;
Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, 1905, Purpus 1436; San José del Cabo, Lower
California, 1890, Brandegee 487; Mountains of Cosihuiriachi, 1846,
Wislizenus 174.
New Mexico: Organ Mountains, 1904, Wooton: same locality, 1897, Wooton
462, and several other collections.
Texas: El Paso, 1884, Jones 4215; canyon near Van Horn, 1900, Eggert;
Chenate Mountains, 1889, Vealley 405, type of B. anisophylla panicu-
lata; Presidio de Rio Grande, Mexican Boundary Survey 1135a.
20a. Boerhaavia gracillima decalvata Heimer], subsp. nov.
Plant erect, branched; stems glabrous throughout; leaf blades oval or ovate,
thick, glabrous, whitish beneath, obtuse, broadly rounded at the base; flowers
single on pedicels 5 mm. long, 1 or 2 bractlets at the base of each flower but
soon deciduous; flowers 9 mm. broad; fruit clavate, obtuse, with 5 rather
thin ribs, glabrous.
This differs from the species in its glabrous fruit and larger flowers. Type
U. S. National Herbarium no. 148477, collected at Bone Spring, western Texas,
1883, Havard 59,
21. Boerhaavia anisophylla Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 171. 1858,
Specimens examined:
, Mexican Boundary Survey 1135, type collection,
TExAS: Tornillo Creek, 1883, Havard 63, in part.
Mexico: Santa Eulalia Mountains, Chihuahua, 1885, Pringle 685; Saltillo,
Coahuila, 1898, Palmer 156; Mesillas to Saltillo, 1848, Gregg 533;
west of Cerralvo, 1847, Gregg 829.
Doctor Heimerl? describes a new variety of this species, B, anisophylla
micrantha from Mexico. I have seen nothing which answers to his description.
22. Boerhaavia tenuifolia A. Gray; Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 355. 1804.
This is probably B. linearifolia glabrata A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 15: 322.
1853, but it is impossible to be certain, for the reason that no type was men-
tioned in the original description of that variety.
Specimens eramined:
TEXAS: Camp Charlotte, 1889, Nealley 407, type ?; mouth of the Rio Pecos,
1883, Havard 64; near Alamo de Cesario, 1883, Havard 65.
New Mexico: Thirty-five miles west of Roswell, 1900, Harle 379,
23. Boerhaavia linearifolia A. Gray, Am. Journ, Sci. IT, 15: 322, 1853.
I do not believe that the difference in size of flowers is a reliable means of
distinguishing this from the preceding species; there does not seem to be any
remarkable difference in size judging from type material of both species.
Specimens examined:
TEXAS: Wright 608, 1724, type collections; Kerrville, 1894, Heller 1849:
Upper Llano, 1884, Reverchon 1357; Mexican Boundary Survey, 1132;
Llano, 1899, Bray 334; Big Springs, 1902, Tracy 8074; Knickerbocker
Ranch, Tom Green County, 1880, Tweedy 90.
@ Ann. Cons. et Jard. Geney. 5: 187,
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAR OF THE UNITED STATES. 387
23a. Boerhaavia linearifolia glandulosa Standley, subsp. nov.
Perennial from a woody root; stems prostrate, branched, spreading, glandu-
lar-pubescent below, glandular above; leaves lanceolate, thin, green on both
surfaces, black-dotted below, short-petioled; flowers larger than those of B.
lincarifolia or B, tenuifolia, stamens 3.
Type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Texas
by Lindheimer in 1846, no. 510, as well as several other numbers of various
years’ collections. Also collected in southwestern Texas by Reverchon (no.
126). This is the only form belonging to this group that I have seen with
glandular hairs on the lower part of the stem; the plant, too, is larger and
more robust than the species; it may be specifically distinct.
The writer has seen representatives of all of the North American species
of Boerhaavia except the following:
BoERHAAVIA PALMERI 8S. Wats. Proc. Am, Acad. 24: 69. 1889.
Type locality, “ Dry sandy soil near Guaymas” (Mexico).
Collected 1887, Palmer 6838.
BoERHAAVIA ALAMOSANA Rose, Contr, Nat. Herb. 1:110. 1891.
Type locality, ‘ Hillside about Alamos” (Mexico).
Collected 1890, Palmer 714.
BoERHAAVIA SONORAE Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 110. 1891.
Type locality, “Along watercourses near Alamos.”
Collected 1890, Palmer 715.
16. SELINOCARPUS A. Gray.
Selinocarpus A, Gray, Am. Journ, Sci. II. 15: 262. 1853.
Perennial herbs or sometimes somewhat shrubby plants, ascending, erect,
or prostrate; leaves opposite, often unequal, sessile or petioled, entire, thick
and sometimes fleshy; flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves or clustered
at the ends of the branches; bracts when present, small and inconspicuous;
calyx funnelform, with a short and thick or long and slender tube which ex-
pands into a spreading limb; stamens 2 to 5, exserted; fruit with 3 to 5 prom-
inent, membranous wings.
KEY TO THE SPECIES,
Flowers 10 mm. or less in length, with scarcely any
tube.
Leaves linear or very narrowly elliptical_____--- 5. S. angustifolius.
Leaves broadly ovate_---- woe eee + 6. S. chenopodioides.
Flowers 15 mm. or more in length, with a conspicuous
tube (the flowers sometimes cleistogamous).
Leaves linear or very narrowly elliptical___-~-—-- 1. S. palmeri.
Leaves neither linear nor very narrowly elliptical.
Leaves lanceolate, very thick and fleshy_-——- 2. S. lanceolatus.
Leaves mostly ovate, not fleshy.
Upper leaves mostly small and bract-like,
scattered; stems much branched, 50 cm.
or less in height. -.------------------- 3. S. parvifolius,
Upper leaves not reduced; stems rather
densely leafy, less branched, and lower. 4. S. diffusus.
>
1. Selinocarpus lanceolatus Wooton, Bull. Torr. Club 25: 304. 1898.
Specimens examined:
New Mexico: White Sands, 1897, Wooton 389, type; near El Rito, 1880,
Rusby 857; White Sands, 1899, Wooton; near Suwanee, 1906, Wooton.
388 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
2. Selinocarpus palmeri Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. 3:6, 1882,
The leaves of this plant are much like those of S, angustifolius, but are
covered with a close, appressed, whitish pubescence; young branches glabrous;
flowers funnelform, the perianth about 15 mm. long and 11 mm. wide, gradu-
ally widening from the base upward; stamens much exserted: leaves on the
young branches linear, thick, 25 mm. long.
Specimens examined:
Mexico: San Lorenzo de Laguna, Coahuila, 1880, Palmer 1119.
3. Selinocarpus parvifolius (Torr.) Standley.
Selinocarpus diffusus parvifolius Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 168. 1858,
Specimens examined:
Texas: Presidio del Norte, Mexican Boundary Survey 1105, type collection ;
Presidio, 1881, Havard; Bone Spring, and Tornillo Creek, 1883, Havard.
4. Selinocarpus diffusus A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sei. II. 15: 262, 1852.
Specimens examined:
Texas: Rock hills from the Pecos to the Limpio, Wright 1708, type col-
lection; 5 miles east of Estelline, 1904, Reverchon 283; Estelline,
19038, Reverchon 3685; Big Springs, 1902, Tracy 8313.
New Mexico: Delaware Creek, 1893, Nealley 10; south of Carrizozo, 1904,
Wooton 2821; Acoma, 1884, Lemmon,
The flowers of this species are often cleistogamous, but on specimens of the
species proper fully developed flowers can almost always be found.
4a. Selinocarpus diffusus nevadensis Standley, subsp. nov,
Leaves ovate, 15 to 18 mm. long and about 13 mm. wide, broadly obtuse,
often mucronate, rounded or truncate at the base, their margins entire and
smooth, the blades thickish, puberulent or often glabrous above: flowers all
cleistogamous,
This form differs from the species in its broader and more obtuse leaves
with entire margins; the leaves are also a bright yellowish-green in color; the
flowers seem to be always precociously fertilized. ‘The plant is readily dis-
tinguished by its general appearance and is probably a good species, but the
differences are difficult of definition.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 23012, collected at Overton, Lincoln
County, Nevada, 1891, Vernon Bailey 1932.
Other specimens cramined:
NeEvaDA: Muddy Valley, 1906, Kennedy & Goodding 5; Moapa, 1905, Hen-
nedy 1085,
UtTan: Southern Utah, 1876, G. E. Johnsen: southern Utah, 1877, Palmer
402; southern Utah, 1874, Parry 213.
5. Selinocarpus angustifolius Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 170. 1858.
Specimens examined:
Texas: Mexican Boundary Survey 1129, type collection; Chenate Moun-
tains, 1899, Nealley 457.
Mexico: Viesca, Coahuila, 1905, Purpus 1054; Mesillas near Saltillo, 1848,
Gregg 535.
6. Selinocarpus chenopodioides A..Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 15: 262. 1853.
Specimens examined:
TEXAS: Gravelly hills, El Paso, ete., Wright 1707, type collection; El Paso,
1881, Vasey; El Paso, 1885, Pringle; El Paso, 1884, Jones 4214: Chenate
Mountains, 1889, Nealley 458; J. Davis’s Ranch, 1883, Havard.
STANDLEY—ALLIONIACEAE OF THE UNITED STATES. 389
New Mexico: Socorro, 1881, Vasey; Boundary Monument 6 to Monument
12, 1892, F. Wagner 960; near Belen, 1889, Rusby 356; Mesilla Valley,
1906, Standley; plains south of the White Sands, 1897, Wooton 408;
Tortugas Mountain, 1902, Wooton; Albuquerque, 1894, Herrick; Organ
Mountains, 1902, Wooton; Rio Grande 40 miles above Rincon, 1904,
Metcalfe.
ARIZONA: Apache Pass, Chiracahua Mountains, 1881, Lemmon; near Dun-
ean, 1900, A, Davidson.
Mexico: Plains near Chihuahua, 1885, Pringle 652; Ciudad Juarez, 1902,
Pringle 11148.
INDEX.
[Synonyms in italics. Pages of principal entries in heavy-face type.]
Page
Abronia................-2.2222- 20-22 e eee 306, 327
acutalata ......-....22--2.--+------ -. 812,313
alba .......2.... 20222022 e eee eee eee 311
alpina ......2...-.-.-22-220 0 eee eee ee eee 316
ammophila............2....02.22..-.--. 326
angulata . 2.2... eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 316
angustifolia. .......02.2..002...-.--4- 320, 321
APENGVIA 2... ee ee eee ee cee eee 311, 326
arizonica ......-2..-.-2222.------e200--- 319
aurita ........ eee eee eee eee eee ee 316
bakeri... 2.2... eee eee 322
bigelovii...................0..-.22225--- 317
breviflora.............--..-. cence eee eee 312
carletoni ........-2.-.---2----2--2020-05- 321
COTROG 0... ee eee eee eee 329
cheradophila ...... 22. 22220 200222 e eee eee 326
covillei .............2222.22.-02-2-2------- 316
erux-Maltae 2.2... ee eee eee eee eee 328
cycloptera . 2.2... eo eee ee eee eee eee 329
elliptica ........0.......222.22------- 321, $22
exalata ........ Ve cece eee eee cece eeceee 318
fallax ..22 2.22... eee ee eee 322,323
fendleri............22--..0--2--002 06 824, 325
fragrans .........---- 318, 821, 328, 324, $25, 326
ellipticd 2.0.2... eee eee ee eee 322
GIAUCESCENS. 02. oe ee eee eee ee eee 326
PlETOCOLP 2.0... eee eee ee eee eens 323
glabra ....... 2.2.2... 222 cece eee eee ee eee 321
glabrifolia ..........2...2......--------- 321
glaucescens.........---.--+-2+--eee ee eee 326
gracilis.............----------- 22 e ee eee 316
insularis .....2....0.....0000002 eee eee 311, 312
lanceolata .....2..........-. de eeeeceeeee 326
latifolia....... dence eee cece ee eee eee eeeees 311
lobatifolia ........2.....--..------+----- 319
maritima ........-2..----2. 2222 - eee eee 311
mellifera. ......2------2 22.2022 e eee eee 326
micrantha ......-...----++--+------ $27, 328, 329
pedunculata .. 02... ee eee eee eee 328
MINOP...... 222. eee eee eee ee 313, 314
mana...-....-- cece cece eee eee e eee eee 317
lanciformis .........--...-----+------ 317
nealleyi............--2-2-02 00-2 eee eee 323
NEISONE 2.2.22 ee eee eee eee 326
neurophylla ........-..-22....--.----0- 314
nudata...............2.2 220. e eee eee eee 326
orbiculata .........-....----2--0--2-- 22 322
pedunculata ....--....22.----- 2-222 e eee 328
pinetorum .....................-----+-+- 316
platyphylla ................-..-------++- 314
pogonantha...........-.....-..22-2-2-065 316
pumila, ....-sceeeeeeeeeeereneeeeeeeeeeee B22
Page.
Abronia ramosa .........-...2---22-+-+------ 321
robusta ...-....2-222.0--20000-0- Leeeeee 324
Salsa... 2. eee eee eee eee eeees 323
sparsifolia ........-...--22-22-2-2- eee eee 322
suksdorfit 2.000002 0 02 oe eee eee ee 326
tEXANA 2.2.22. eee ee ee eee eee 323
torreVi.. 2.2... eee eee eee ee ee eee eee eee 319,320
turbinata .....2...-2-..2--2----0---00- 318,320
CAPONE 0... ce ee eee eee 321
forma stenophylla.............-.0++ 320
marginata........0 ..-.-22e2e ee ee eee 327
umbellata...............-.--- 312, 313,314, 315
GDA... eee ce eee eee 312
variabilis ....-..........2....-.- “leeee $14,315
villosa .......00002.220..2------------ $15,316
Acleisanthes ............-..-.2202-0002e2 eee 369
acutifolia.........0.....00222202220---0--- 370
anisophylla.................0-..------2-- 370
berlandieri.... 0... cee ce eee 371
crassifolia .....2....0....2020002-200020 371
greggii..........-..-2 20002 e ee eee ee eee 371
longiflora............-.-2.-2-2-+-+--22-+5- 370
hirtclla......... 20... eee eee eee 371
nummularia................2..2 22202 e ee 372
ObDtusa ..... 00.22 e eee eee eee eee sil
wrightii ........-22..-.---2.----- 0-22 e eee 370
Allionia ..........000000ceceeeeeeeeee | 331, $34,360
aggregata.............2--...----- 335, 344,345
albida ..........22..-.-22.-.-- Neen eee 356
bodini ............-....----2- 20-20 335, 344
brandegei...... cece ee ee ee eee ee eee ec eee 346
bushii.. cc... eee eee eee eee eee eee 341, 342, 354
carletoni .......-....22--222 222-22 eee eee 355
chersophila............222-2---- 0202-2 354
Ciliata ....... 222.002.2000 ee eee ee eee eee eee 345
ecoahuilensis .......----.----------+-- $47,354
coccinea. ..... 2.2.2.2... eee eee eee eee eee 339
COMATA 2.0... eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 345, 348
corymbosa tELeENSIS 0.2.2... 2 222 eee eee ee eee 352
cucullata. 2.0.2. eee ween eee 350
decumbens ............--------++0e+- 335, 344
diffusa .......22.022.-2.----- cee eeeeeeees 343
divaricata ........2....-22222.--22----6. 342
exaltata .........---200.02- 222 e eee eee eee 355
floribunda ..................----- 348, 350,351
gigantea...........2....0 0202.22 e eee 348
glabra ..........2......00004 0-0-0222 eee 341
glabrifolia.........20....-..---44 334, 335, 348
glandulifera ..............-.-....---- 342, 343
gracillima ..............2....2.2-2---245 340
filifolia ........... cee cece eee eens 340
seabridata ..........--...---...----- 340
VIII INDEX.
Page. Page,
Allionia greggii ..........000000 002... cones $48 | Boerhaavia maculata ..........22.2....202- 379
himalaica .........0.0.02 02 eee 335 megaptera .........0..0...0.. 0c eee eeee 376, 379
hirsuta. ....0....022.00.0020 0222 e eee 335, 852 organemsis............. 2.002. .cee eee eee 885
coloradensis ............. cece eee eeee 3538 palmeri...... 2.222.002 ence e ee 387
rotundifolia... ....... 22.22.20. cee e ee 304 paniculata.........200020.. 200020... 202 eee 382
INCAPNAA ©... 2... ee eee ee cee eee 331 pterocarpa ...........0.2.2....202200- 376, 379
Qlabra.. 2... ee eee 332 purpurascens .........22..220.20.. eee ee 382
lanceolata ........22.0.0000200.20200002- 330, 855 TAMULOSA. 2-2 eee ee eee 383
uniflora... 2.0.0.2. eee 355,356 BCANAENS . 2... ee cee eee eee 373
latifolia. .... 2.22.2. 350 | SONOTAC . 2.2. eee eee 387
linearis ........022000 0000000000... 341,342, 343 | spicata... 2... eee eee 384
COCCINED. 2... ee eee eee eee ee 339 ee 384
subhispida.............22......2.... 342 tOTEYANG 2... ee eee cee eee 385
melanotricha ...........2............ 342,351 | thornbert .. 2.2. e ce ec eu eeee 581
nyctaginea............... 335, 348, $49,350, 3851 | torreyana ............ 0.2.22 e eee eee 885
oblongifolia............2.0.2...22202. 350,351 | triquetra... 2.2.22. 379,380
OVA © 2. ec ee eee eee enews 350 universitatis................02.0..0-005. 380
oxybaphoides...... 0.2.0.0. 0 00.0 cece eee 357 | VisCOSA . 22.22... cee eee 88k
pachyphylla.........2........2.2222. 346, 347 | apiculata ...........2.0002020.0.022. 383
petrophila..... 2.2.0.2... eee ee ee $40 | oligadena .........2-....22....0224- 383
pilosa .........2..0022.020000. 345, 346, 348, 853 | watsoni..........2..0000 22. e eee eee eee 384
pinetorum.................0....020. 000 344 | wrightii .....00000 000000. 385
polytricha ...........02....22........... 346 | Kanti...... 2.00 384
pratensis .........2....2.....2222200. $51,352 Calymenia .... 22.2.2. 334
pseudaggregata.......2...0....2. 348, 354, 356 albida.. 2.2.26 eee ee 356
pumila ....... 22.2222 345, 346 | ANGUBLIPOUG ©. cece cee ee 341
rotata.... 2... 22. eee eee 347 Mecumbens 22... ce eee 344
sessilifolia .......2...2..0.02200 20 eee eee 3565 | hirsuta... 200.2002 2 0 ee Lecce eee eeeee 352
texensis ....... 2.222.002.2202 20 22. e ee eee $52 | NYCHAGINED ©... ce eee eee 349
trichodonta..........2.......0...222002. 354 | pulOosa . 2... 6.02 353
vaseyi ..... 2.2.2 343 VISCOSO 22... ee cece ee 347
violacea ..... 2.22. 2..22. 222222 c ee eee 334, 335 | Calyathymenta .. 0... eee cece eee 334
ViSCOSA .. 2.22222 e eee eee eee 334, 847 | AYQVEGAld ©... eee cee cee eee ee 344
Allioniaceae, bibliography ................. 1,2. paniculata 2.2.2... 202 eee eee 350
Allioniella..........2.2.220 00000 cece eee 356 | VISCOSA 2.22 ee eee eee eee 347
oxybaphoides .... ..........2.20..2220.. 867° Commicarpus..............2222...020..000- 373
glabrata ........ 22222 eee 357 brandegei ........20220000000 0.00.02. e eee 374
Anulocaulis ......2......0.0. 000.0. c eee cee 374 glabrior ..............0.00002 cee ee 874
annulatus ...............2..0002..00 2. 875 | scandens ..... 2.0.0.0... 0002.2 e eee eee ee 373
eriosolenus ...........222...---2..220.-. 875 | Cyclopterd .... 2.6... cece eee eee 327
leiosolenus ............0....2-0222 2000s 375° Hermidium ...................020....2222.. 372
Apalopterd... 2.20... 00 cece nce eee eueeeceees 327 | alipes..... 2.2.2.2. 20 eee 372
Boerhaavia ................2..... 372, 373, 374,875 | Hesperonia......2....0020.. 00.22 eee eee 360
alamosana.........2....02...2022 22 eee eee 387 ASpera ... 2-2... eee eee eee 362
alata... 2... eee eee 376, 379, 380 Villosa .0.... 22222 e ee eee eee eee 363
anisophylla............2..0.0002022.020202. 386 californica ............02..2.2220.000. 363, 364
micrantha..........2.2........-0.02. 386 microphylla ...............2....0.0. 365
paniculata 2.2.2... 2c eee eee 386 cedrosensis ........22.... 0020.22 e eee 862
annulatd ... 22.2... e eee eee 375 glutinosa 2.22... ..2.0 2.022222. 2 ee ee 365,369
bracteosd.. 2.2... eee eee ec eee ee 885 Tetrorsa.. 2.200.222 865
capttata.... 2... eee ee cece eee 330 gracilis .......02.0200020002002000.0.00. 365,369
coulteri.... 22.2.2... eee eee 384 laevis... 2.2... eee eee 363
erecta... 2.0... eee ee eee 375, 376, 880 oligantha.....2.....0......00..... eee ee 363
thornberi............00......020002. 381 polyphylla . 22.20. .0020 0002200222 e eee 364
CTLOSOLENG ©. 2 ee eee eee 375 tenuiloba.......0.0.000 0002 eee eee 363
a 372 Holy herb... 220.0000 0.00.00 e ee eee eee 71
gracillima ..........2..02220...0.002. 385,386 | Lindenia......... 22002000 ee eee eee 372
decalvata....2...2............ Lenses 386 gypsophiloides 22.0.0... Decne eee eee eee 372
QTANGME 2.0.0.2 cece ee cee 3873 | .Mirabilis..........00.2.. eceeeeee 334, 360, 360, 8366
qupsophiloides ...... 0.222000 2-0. c eee eee 372 AGQTegaha 6... eee eee eee ee 344
hirsuta ..........-2.2.22020.0.002.000000- 882 (ee 356
intermedia..........2.............0.2. 380, 882 angustfolid .. 0.26. eee eee 341
leiosSOlend.... 2. eee eee ee 375 bigelovii... 22.2... 366, 369
linearifolia ...........2.2...02-2..2222.- 386 CUUPOPNICE ©. eee eee 360, 364
Qlabrata... 2.2... eee cece eee eee 386 COCCINED. 2. eee ee ee eee 839
glandulosa .......0-... cee ce eee tence ee 887 SCODTICAHA 2... cece cece eee een ees 340
O
667&8—voL 12, pr 8—09——7
INDEX, IX
Page Page.
Mirabilis exserta ........-----.-0-f--2-+ +55: 867 | Orybanhus nyctaginia...........0..+ 202-222 349
Proebelti .. 2. cee cece cee eee eee eee eects 359 NYCLAGINEUS . a. eee ee eee ee eee eee eee 349
QMULINOSA. 2. eee eee ee eee eee 365 cervantesii oc... cece cece ee eee eee ee 351
OTEENEL coca ccc cn cee ence ee cee ee ree eesecees 358 latifolius .......2.220 222-2 ee eee eee 850
Rirsuld. cc... eee cee eee eee eee eee 852 oblongifolius . 0.0.2.0. 0060 e eee ee eee 350
jalapa......... 2.22222 ee eee eee eee 366, 267,368 FL . 348
Ciliata ........ 20.2222 eee eee eee 368 OVOEUS. 2. ee eee ene ee eee ee eee 350
gracilis .......2.........---0 2-0-2 eee 367 PUlOBUS .. 0. cece ee eee eee eee eens 353
lindheimeri ........---..----.-+-+55 368 VISCOBUS coeee eee (cece cece cece cece eee eeee 347
voleanica ..........2-----2+0+225- 367,368 WHIGhtil 2.2. eee ee eee eee 357
WAEVIS Looe wenn eee e eee eect eee e eee 363 Pentacrophys......-.---------+- 0-0-2 0 eee eee 369
Tinearis 2.2.2... 2c eee ee eee eee 341 | wrigntii... 2222s e eee eee eee eee eee 370
subhispida ...... 2.00.0 .00e2e cence ees 342 | Quamoclidion ...........-..--------- 357, 360, 360
MUNTAOPA coc c cence eee eee eee ee ees 358 angulatum .......-.------------+-e+ee0 357
Proebelit 2.0.2. oo ee cece eee eee eee 360 froebelii ........2........002-2 2222 e eee 359
PUDESCONS . occ eccee ence ccc e eee eeeeees 359 glabratum ............-.--------- 359, 360
MYCLAGINE 2... eee ee eee neces 349 greene@i ..........2-.----2- eee eee eee 358
oblongifolia. ... 2... cee eee ee cee eee 350 Se 364
oxybaphoides ...- 2-2-2220 eee cece eens 357 multiflorum ..........-..---.--------- 58, 372
QUADTALD 60. cece eee ee eee ees 857 | glandulosum ..........---.-----+--- 359
paeudaggregaua .......ceee eee eee eee eens 356 | obtusum ............-2..----------6- 359
subhirsuta 2.2.2.2... cece cece eens 396 NYCHAQINCUM «26.0. . eee eee eee ee eee eee 057, 358
TELVOYSA «2-222 cece eee eee eee eee eeee 365 orybaphoides. 0.22... 2 022 ee ee eee eee ee 357
tenwilODA......0ce eee eee cece teen ee 363 triflorum ..........02- 0-0-2 e eee eee eee 358
UEMOTE . o.oo eee cence eee ee eee eee eee) B57, BBS Selinocarpus. ......-.--.-.-2652 +22 eee e eee ee 387
VISCOSC ccc ec eucecucececcecceceeusseeees 347 angustifolius .......---.----++-20eese ee 388
wrightiana....-.........20- 22. ee eee eee 369 chenopodioides. ......-.-------.++++-+5- 388
Nyctaginia ...........020 2202022 e eee ee eee 330 diffusus.........---0-- 2-22-2522 22 eee eee 388
capitata. 2.2... 2.2.0 ee ee eee eee eee ee 330,331 | nevadensis ......----- Lecce eee ee eee 388
cockerellae .....--..2seceeceeeecceeeeees 330 — parvifOllUs . 2.2.2.0 eee eee eee eee eee 388
ODLUSA. cee eee eee ee eee eee eee 371 | Janceolatus..........2. 220. cece eee eee eee 887
fOTTEYAN 220.200 ee eee wee eee eee 358 palmeri.........-------- ++ 2-22 eee eee eee 388
NYCEAQO 02 cee eee eee eens 366 | parvifolius........----------+-+-+++2--+- 388
OxyDAphus ..ccc ee ccce ence eee eee eee e eee 334,360 , Senkenbergia.........---....0-+++++2200eee- 372
AQQTEGALUS ©... 0-2-2 ee eee eee eee eee 344, 345 | annulata.......0--- 222 eee ee ee eee eee 372
albidus, 22... eee eee eee cence eee eens 306 coultert. . 2... cece eee eee eee eee 384
angustifolius .. 2.2... cee eee ee eee eee eee 341 crassifolia, ........2.--.--- 202 - eee ee eee 373
Mecumbens . 2.2.0.0 0 cee cence eee eee 345 gypsophiloides ............----+++-+-+ 272, 373
limeari8 . 22.222... e ence eee e eee eeee 841 | Tinantia....--...0.. 6. eee eee eee eee eee eee 372
VISCIMUS. 2. - 00 nee eee eee eee eee eee 356 gypsophiloides .... +... e eee eee ee eee eee 872
DOING occ cee eee eee ee eee eect eee 344 | Tricratus......--. 2000. e eee eee eee ener eee ee 306, 807
CAlifornicus ... 00. - 22-2 eee eee ee eee eee 364. TripterocalyX .........-.---2+--25 eee eee ee 327
Cervantesti oo 22... e cece eee eee eee eee eens 351 crux-maltae .........-0-- 22 eee eee eee eee 328
grandifolius. ......+-+-0++0-22 eee eee 349 | eyclopterus....---...--2...-ee eee ee eee ee 329
COCCINEUS. . ee eee eee ee eee eee ee eens 339 | micranthus........-...-------++-++-++ B28, 329
CUCULLALUS . cee eee ee eee eee eee 350 | pedunculatus........--.------+-+---+++- 328
2 344 | wootonii.............-2---2-- 2002 eee eee 329
floribundus. ..-...--222 cece cece eens 350 | Vitmania ......---- 2... ee eee eee ee eee eee $34
Proebelti 2... e cece eee ee eee eee eee eee ees 359 WIBCOS 2 oo eee eee eee tenet eee 347
QADET . 0 eee cee eee eee eee e eee ceeee 341 | Wedelia ...........--.-- 2-2 ee eee eee eee eee 331
glabrifolius........-+-22.0e eee eee ee eee 352, 364 cristata 2.22.22. 222 eee ee eee ee eee 331
erassifolius.....--.-.-2--02 eee ee eee 364 glabra ..........0---- 0-02 eee e ee eee eee eee 332
MAINOY ..02.00002 eee e ee eee peseeceeee 350 incarnata.........---- 22 eee eee ee eee eee 332
RIiTSulus .. 2.2.2. cee ee cece ee eee eee c eee 352 anodonta .........------- eee eee ee eee 333
integrifolius. .......e- ee eee eee eee ee 352 Nudata 2.2... cee eee eee eee ee eee eee 334
a 357, 363 Villos@..... 2.20022 e eee ee eee eee eee 333, 334
linearifolius........-.2+020 22 eee eee eee 356 | Yerba de la rabia.......----------- 222-2 eee 371
MUltiAOTUS . 22 cee cee nee ee erence eens 858 | Yerba santa ..........2---0- cece cece eee eee 37
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUY
VoLume XII, Part 9
MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS
By J. N. ROSE, N. L. BRITTON, and
WILLIAM R. MAXON
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
PRULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM,
IssuED May 10, 1909.
il
PREFACE
The following number of the Contributions contains 11 short papers
upon new or noteworthy plants. Of these the first 10, one by N. L.
Britton and J. N. Rose, the others by J. N. Rose, relate to North Amer-
ican plants, chiefly Cactaceae and Crassulaceae from desert regions.
The last paper, by William R. Maxon, contains the description of a
new fern from China. This species was found in the Henry collection
of Chinese plants, a set of which is in the National Herbarium.
FrepertcK V. Covri1e,
Curator of the United States National Herbarium.
III
CONTENTS.
Page.
Thompsonella, a new genus of Crassulaceae from Mexico. By N. L. Britton
and J. N. Rose... 2.2222. --22.---2 2222 eee eee eee eee eee 391
Rediscovery of /cheveria carnicolor. By J. N. Rose ...........------------- 393
New species of Crassulaceae from Guatemala. By J. N. Rose......22-..220.. 395
Rediscovery of Cereus nudiflorus. By J. N. Rose........2222...2222--2-2--- 397
A species of Pereskia from Guatemala. By J. N. Rose..........2.2..2..--.- 399
New species of Opuntia from Arizona. By J. N. Rose..........22-.-...---- 401
Echinocereus baileyi, a new cactus from Oklahoma. By J. N. Rose...-.....-- 403
Nopalea lutea, a new cactus from Guatemala. By J. N. Rose.........2-..--- 405
Conzattia, a new genus of Caesalpiniaceae. By J. N. Rose.....2...22..-2---- 407
Two new species of Acacia of the series Filicinae. By J. N. Rose..........-- 409
A new spleenwort from China. By William R. Maxon..............------- 411
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
PuatE XLIV. Thompsonella minutifiora (Rose) Britton & Rose............-- 392
XLV. Thompsonelia platyphylla Rose. ......2.-..----.-2-.2-22------ 392
XLVI. Lcheveria carnicolor Baker ..........2...-.2.-2--2----------- 393
XLVIL. Echereria guatemalensis Rose .........-2.2-2 2222-22222 eee 395
XLVIIL. Heheveria maxonit Rose ........----------------------- =e 395
XLIX. Cereus nudiflorus Engelm .........-.--2.2-.-...------------- 398
L. Cereus nudiflorus Engelm.........-.--------.---------------- 398
LI. Fruit of Cereus nudiflorus Engelm......-..-.-------.--------- 398
LU. Pereskia autumnalis (Eichlam) Rose ......-....-.-.-.-------- 399
LUI. Pereskia autumnalis (Eichlam) Rose ....-.------------------- 399
LIV. Fruiting branches of Pereskia autumnalis (Eichlam) Rose....-- 399
LV. A joint of Opuntia blakeana Rose ...........-...---..-------- 402
LVI. Echinocereus baileyi Rose.........----.----- 222-222-0222 ee -- 40:
LVII. Flower of Echinocereus baileyi Rose ......---.---------------- 403
LVIIL. Nopalea lutea Rose .......-...-- wee e ee cence eee cent eee ee eee 405
LIX. Conzattia arborea Rose .........20.22222----- 2-2-2222 eee eee 408
LX. Asplentum microtum Maxon ...:--.---.---------- we eee eee eee 411
THOMPSONELLA, A NEW GENUS OF CRASSULACEAE
FROM MEXICO.
By N. L. Brrrron and J. N. Rose.
In 1905 E'cheveria minutifora first bloomed in cultivation. It
flowered in the Missouri Botanical Garden, the New York Botanical
Garden, and one of the greenhouses of the Department of Agriculture
in Washington at the same time. It was studied independently by
the writers and Mr. C. Hf. Thompson, and all reached the conclusion
that it represented a distinct generic type. Material has repeatedly
flowered since that time, and now we feel justified in proposing this
new genus, named in honor of Charles Henry Thompson of the
Missouri Botanical Garden.
In 1907 Mr. C. G. Pringle collected a second species, which flowered
in the spring of 1908. This is described below.
Mr. Thompson has had under observation for several years two very
distinct species, one of which is probably 7. ménutifora and the
other an undescribed species. It seems best not to describe this
species at present, but to wait until further field work has been done.
Several years ago a plant bloomed in Washington which seemed to
suggest a fourth species, but as there is some doubt as to place of
collection it seems best to delay the publication of this also. The
genus with two species is described as follows:
Thompsonella Britton & Rose.
Acaulescent; basal leaves few, spreading, thick, oblong; inflorescence a loose
simple spike or in large specimens more or less compound: sepals 5, turgid,
erect, clavate: corolla somewhat angled in the bud, rotate, the tube proper very
short, the lobes lanceolate, spreading horizontally or somewhat detlexed between
the sepals: stamens 10, erect, about as long as the petals; carpels erect, con-
stricted at base; styles slender; scales minute.
Type species Echeveria minutifiora Rose.
The inflorescence is very unlike any other in this family which we have yet
studied. The flowers are arranged in spirals of three and are not. strictly
axillary, but stand, though directly over, at some distance above the subtending
bract; they are very unlike those of all the true Echeverias in having a strictly
rotate corolla and thinner petals.
391
392 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Thompsonella minutiflora (Rose) Britton & Rose. PLATE XLIV.
Echeveria minutifiora Rose, Bull. N. Y, Bot. Gard. 3: 9. 1903.
Flowering stems glaucous, clothed with thick but reduced leaves ; basal leaves
acute or obtuse, often strikingly purplish, glaucous; inflorescence either a simple
equilateral spike or a very narrow panicle; sepals acute, distinct, narrow,
thickened and nearly terete above; corolla segments a little longer than the
sepals, red tinged with green, troughed above.
Distribution Puebla and Oaxaca.
Redescribed from specimens flowering in the greenhouses of Washington and
New York, October, 1905.
EXxpLANATION OF PLate XLIV.—Fig. a, plant ; b, cross section of basal leaf; ¢, cross sec-
tion of stem leaf; d, cross section of sepal; e, flower; f, carpels; yg, petals and stamens.
Figs. a to d, natural size; e to g, seale 5.
Thompsonella platyphylla Rose, sp. nov. PLATE XLV.
Basal leaves oblanceolate, 8 to 12 em. long, 8 to 4 cm. broad, narrowed at
base into a broad, thick petiole, acute when young, glaucous and with purple
margins, in age obtusish and green; flowering stem 20 em. long, glaucous,
naked below, bearing 3 small leaves below the inflorescence ; inflorescence a nar-
row panicle; sepals glaucous, thick, almost terete, distinctly united at base;
petals longer than the sepals, 6 mm. long, acute.
Collected by C. G. Pringle in Iguala Canon, Guerrero, Mexico, in July, 1907,
and described from specimens which flowered in Washington early in 1908,
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no, 574982.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLV.—A potted plant. Scale about 3.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
THOMPSONELLA MINUTIFLORA (ROSE) BRITTON & ROSE,
A.B GRAHAM CG. Li TH WASH.DC.
Plate XLIV.
PL
AT
E
x
L \
a
TE XLVI.
oO
REDISCOVERY OF ECHEVERIA CARNICOLOR.
By J. N. Rose.
When Britton and Rose published their revision of the Crassu-
laceae* they recognized 58 species of Echeveria. Most of these they
described from living material. It is probable that no one had ever
before had so full a representation of this genus, since only 4 known
species were wanting from their collections, viz, /. canaliculata
Hook., 2. carnicolor Baker, 2’. bifida Lindl, and F. teretifolia DC.
It isa great gratification now to be able to announce the rediscovery
of one of these. .
In October, 1906, Dr. C. A. Purpus, the well-known Mexican col-
lector, sent to the National Museum an Echeveria from the Barranca
de Tenampa, in the State of Vera Cruz. The three specimens sent
were at once planted, but did not flower until January, 1908, when
they were found to be #. carnicolor. This species has heretofore
been known only from the specimens in the conservatory of the late
W. W. Saunders, upon the basis of which it was described and figured
by Dr. J. G. Baker, in 1870, in Saunders’s Refugium Botanicum.?
As stated by Doctor Baker, this species is nearest 2’. Jurida, but it is
a much smaller plant with weaker flower stems and fewer flowers.
The leaves have a decided bluish tinge with hints of pink, and, espe-
cially when young, have a decided metallic sparkle, perhaps caused
by the papilla-like plates which cover their surfaces. The flowers
are sometimes more numerous than in the plant figured by Doctor
Baker, and the inflorescence is often compound. The plant is
easily propagated, since the small leaves of the flowering stems
readily fall off, soon rooting and forming new plants. In some
respects it is a more attractive plant than “’cheveria lurida, and it
may prove a useful plant for formal bedding.
The accompanying illustration will give a good idea of the habit
of a plant in flower. A description of this species follows:
Echeveria carnicolor Baker. PLATE XLVI.
Leaves 20 or more, forming a dense rosette, thickish but flattened, oblance-
olate-spatulate, 3 to 4 cm. long, acute, with a bluish metallic luster; flowering
stems 2 or 3, at first spreading, the upper part ascending or erect, very leafy
below; flowers 6 to 15; sepals ovate to lanceolate, spreading; corolla orange-
red, 12 mm. long.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLVI.—A potted plant. Secale about 3.
aN, A. Flora, Vol. XXII, Pt. 7, pp. 1-74. 03: pl. 199, 1870.
393
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLaTe XLVII.
ECHEVERIA GUATEMALENSIS ROSE.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. >HI PLATE XLVIIL.
ECHEVERIA MAXONIL ROSE.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF CRASSULACEAE FROM
GUATEMALA.
By J. N. Roser.
In 1906 Mr. Wilham R. Maxon was sent to Guatemala by the
United States Department of Agriculture. At my request he col-
lected and sent to Washington living and herbarium specimens of all
the Crassulaceae he could find. Three of these proved to be unde-
scribed. They have all flowered here in Washington, and small
plants are available for distribution. One of the illustrations here
used was made from a photograph taken in Guatemala, while the
other was taken from a potted plant in Washington.
Echeveria guatemalensis Rose, sp. nov. PLATE XLVII.
Stems branching especially at base, resembling somewhat both in habit and
foliage Sedum prealtum, 10 to 15 em. high; leaves equally distributed on the
stem, alternate, spreading nearly at right angles to the stem, fleshy but flattened
and thinner than in most species of this genus, 2 to 4 em. long, 2 em. or Jess
broad, spatulate, with a flat surface above, rounded at apex but with » decided
mucro, rounded below into a broad petiole, pale green, slightly glaucous, the
margius sometimes tinged reddish; flowering branch 20 to 30 em. long, from the
axil of a leaf near the middle of the stem, reddish, bearing numerous reddish
leaves: inflorescence an equilateral raceme bearing 20 or more flowers : pedicels
3 to 4 mm. long; sepals linear, acute, spreading nearly at right angles to the
pedicels; corolla buds broadly ovoid, acute, the corolla when open 10 mm, long
and broad in) proportion, pinkish below, yellowish above, the lobes acute;
stamens 10, shorter than the corolla.
Collected by Mr. William R. Maxon, on Volean de Agua, at an altitude of
2,700 to 8,000 meters, Guatemala, March 22, 1905 (no, 3726) and flowered in
Washington, May, 1907,
U. S. National Herbarium no. 3997158.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLVII.—A potted plant. Scale about 3.
Echeveria maxonii Rose, sp. nov. PLATE XLVITI,
Stems glabrous, frutescent, at first erect, becoming decumbent, 60 to SO em.
long, naked below, very leafy near tips; leaves on young or slowly growing
plants massed near the top but in vigorous shoots rather distant, standing at
right angles to the stem, 3 to 10 em. long, spatulate, narrowed at base into a
more or less definite petiole, rounded below, decidedly trowel-shaped above,
395
396 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
obtuse or acutish, green on the under surface, not at all glaucous, the margins
more or less purplish; inflorescence an equilateral raceme or sometimes becom-
ing a narrow panicle; peduncle elongated, 20 to 30 cm. long, leafy (in our
herbarium specimens often naked); sepals distinct, semiterete, acute, glaucous,
unequal, spreading with age; petals distinct nearly to the base, erect except the
tips, these spreading, salmon-pink in color; stamens 10; scales white.
Collected by William R, Maxon, at Chuacts, between Salama and Las Canoas,
January 22, 1905 (no, 3406, tvpe), and at Zunil, Department of Quezaltenango,
Guatemala, February 24, 1905 (no. 3605). Ample living material of the first
number was sent to Washington and has been used in drawing up this descrip-
tion. These plants grew in the pockets of nearly solid rocky slopes, falling
down over the surface, as shown in the accompanying illustration. Here they
were fully exposed to the sun and were surrounded by starved shrubs and
grasses and a species of Mamillaria.
This species must be near FE. australis, but it has different foliage and
flowers.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 478890.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLVIITI.—Plant in its natural habitat. From a photograph
taken by Mr. Maxon.
Villadia guatemalensis Rose, sp. nov.
Very much branched, spreading, generally procumbent, the flowering branches
erect or ascending; leaves closely set, standing nearly at right angles to the
stem, pale yellowish green, terete, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, pointed; flowers few, the
first terminal, the others from the axils of the leaves, all sessile; sepals ovate,
green, nearly distinct: corolla lemon-yellow, its tube short but definite, its
lobes spreading; styles slender; carpels erect even in age,
Collected by William R. Maxon near Chuacts, between Salama and Las
Canoas, Guatemala, January 22, 1905 (no, 3411), and flowered in Washington,
January, 1906.
Type U. 8S. National Herbarium no. 473398.
REDISCOVERY OF CEREUS NUDIFLORUS.
By J. N. Rose.
About 1854 Charles Wright collected in Cuba a tree cactus which
Dr. George Engelmann described in 1869 as Cereus nudiflorus. Since
its publication, so far as I can learn, this species has not until re-
cently been re-collected, and has received very little further notice.
Engelmann himself published nothing additional upon it, and the
name fails to appear at all in the index to his “ Botanical Works.”
The name is also entirely overlooked by the “ Kew Index.” Schu-
mann, in his * Monograph of the Cactaceae,” merely refers the species
to Cereus lepidotus. Material lately collected, however, places the
species in full light and vindicates its claims to independent standing.
In the spring of 1907 Mr. William R. Maxon was detailed by the U.S.
National Museum to carry on botanical explorations in eastern Cuba,
with verbal instructions to pay especial attention to the Cactaceae.
This work was carried on with much enthusiasm and thoroughness,
and one of the results was the collection of a fine series of speci-
mens of Cereus nudiforus. A number of cuttings were sent to Wash-
ington, but these unfortunately rotted during shipment.
Flowers were preserved in alcohol, however, good herbarium speci-
mens were obtained, and arrangements were made for obtaining
additional material and photographs. Soon after Mr. Maxon’s return
Mr. Theodore’ Brooks, of Guantanamo, sent him a photograph of an
old tree taken in the winter of 1888-1889 near Novaliches not far from
Cafos. Unfortunately this photograph is too much faded to admit
of reproduction. It is of interest as showing not only the tree, which
is a very large one, but the figure of Baron Eggers standing near it.
The species is thus shown to have been known to Baron Eggers, but
whether or not he actually collected specimens I do not know. Again
in August, 1906, Mr. Brooks sent two negatives and two prints of a
tree 8 meters high, in fruit, found at Los Canos. One of the prints
is here reproduced. He also sent, in sections, two mature fruits, one
of which has been reconstructed and photographed for reproduction
here. This seems to be the first time the fruit has ever been preserved
397
398 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
in a scientific collection. Mr. Brooks also promised to send seed later.
Besides Mr. Brooks’s contributions Mr. Maxon received from Mr.
Jennings 5. Cox, of Santiago de Cuba, in July, 1907, 4 photographs
representing different views of a tree of this species, one of which is
here reproduced.
Cereus nudiflorus Engelm. in Sauvalle, Anales Acad. Cienc. Habana 6: {S,
1869.4 PLatTes XNLIX, L, LI.
A large tree, often 7 meters high, much branched; trunk long-cylindrical with
a solid wood core; young branches weak, strongly 3 or 4-winged or angled, with
a very slender woody axis and made up of numerous short joints; ribs or wings
very thin, 4 to 5 cm. deep, the margin strongly undulate, with the areoles 5
to 6 em. apart; areoles large, with very short wool, at first spineless, later
developing one or two spines (these sometimes 4 cm, long, slender, but stiff) or
in very old areoles 10 or more; ovary and tube of flower cylindric, about 10 em.
long, 2 em. in diameter, the fleshy walls tough and firm, bearing few or no bracts,
glabrous and spineless; petals small, perhaps not more than 4+ cm. long, white;
stamens numerous, borne at the top of the corolla tube; style thick and fleshy ;
fruit smooth, greenish, globular or a little longer than broad, 8 to 10 cm. long,
with a very thick, tough rind (10 to 15 mm. thick) ; seeds 8 mmm. long, brownish,
roughened, truncate at base.
Described from specimens collected by Wm. R. Maxon in eastern Cuba in
1907, with notes furnished by Mr. Maxon, and from fruit sent by Theodore
Brooks in 1908 from the same region,
EXPLANATION OF PLATES XLIX, L, LI.—Plate XLIX, view of tree. From a_pho-
tograph sent by Mr. Cox of a specimen which grew at Daiquiri, east of Santiago de Cuba.
Plate L, view of tree. From one of the photographs furnished by Mr. Brooks of a
specimen at Los Cafios. Plate LI, two fruits sent by Mr. Brooks, one of them in sections.
Natural size.
@The parts of Sauvalle’s work, issued serially, were collected in 18738 as Flora
Cubana. See Hitchcock, Contr. Nat. Herb. 12: 184. 1908,
PLATE XLIX.
rb., Vol. XI.
Contr, Nat. He
CEREUS NUDIFLORUS ENGELM.
PLATE L.
Nat. Herb., Vol. XII,
Contr.
CEREUS NUDIFLORUS ENGELM.
PLATE LI.
tb.,
He
Jat.
Contr.
FRUIT OF CEREUS NUDIFLORUS ENGELM.
PLaTe LI.
“3SOY (WYTHOIG) SIIVNWOLAY VINXSSHSd
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII. PLATE LIN.
PERESKIA AUTUMNALIS (EICHLAM) ROSE.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XI, PLATE LIV.
FRUITING BRANCHES OF PERESKIA AUTUMNALIS (EICHLAM) ROSE.
A SPECIES OF PERESKIA FROM GUATEMALA.
By J. N. Rosr.
Since 1902 I have had knowledge of a most remarkable species of
Pereskia in Guatemala. My attention was first called to it by Dr.
QO. F. Cook, who collected specimens and, with Mr. G. N. Collins,
obtained several excellent photographs. Soon after that time, and
again in 1906, as also in 1907, Prof. W. A. Kellerman obtained photo-
graphs and some excellent specimens. This last material, received
coon after the death of Professor Kellerman, has led me to re-examine
all the material at hand and to describe it as new. It has been sug-
gested that there may be more than one species in Guatemala, but
while my material shows considerable variation this is not such that
I feel warranted in dividing it. This Guatemalan species has some-
times been called P. nicoyana, but it differs from that species in habit,
the petals are not fringed, and the axils of the leaves are not hairy.
Pereskia autumnalis (KEichlam) Rose. Puates LII, LIII, LIV.
Pereskiopsis autumnalis Eichlam, Monatsch. Kakteenk, 19: 22, 1909.
Tree 6 to 9 meters high, with a large, rounded, much branched top, the trunk
usually very definite and 40 cm, or more in diameter; young branches cherry-
brown, smooth: axillary spines usually very slender, generally single, some-
times in threes, 3 to 4 cm., rarely 8 cm. long; leaves thickish, oblong to orbicu-
lar, 4 to 8 em. long by 3 to + cm. broad, round or somewhat narrowed at base,
mucronate-tipped ; flowers sessile or nearly so; ovary bearing ovate leafy bracts ;
sepals ovate, acute, naked in the axils; petals entire, perhaps about 1 cm. long,
red: fruit globular, 4 to 5 cm. in diameter, fleshy, glabrous, bearing scattered
leafy bracts, these naked in the axils: seeds black, glossy, 4 mm. long.
The following herbarium material has been examined :
From El Rancho, W. A. Kellerman, December 28, 1908, nos. 7011 and 7014;
also from the same locality, O. F. Cook, April 9, 1902.
In addition to this I have examined various bottled specimens and a fine
series of 9 photographs, a part of which are here reproduced.
ExpLaNATIoN oF Piatres LII, LIT, LIV.—Plates LI, LITT, two trees, showing habit.
From photographs by W. A. Kellerman. Plate LIV, fruit and leaves. Natural size.
aAfter this paper had gone to the printer I learned from Mr. Eichlam, of
Juatemala City, that he was about to publish a new species of Pereskiopsis.
His paper is now at hand and contains a very full and interesting account of
his species. A careful reading of the description of Pereskiopsis autumnalis
convinees me that his species is the same as the one I had proposed to publish
here as new. I have therefore substituted his specific name in place of the one
I had in proof. I can not agree with him, however, that it belongs to Pereski-
opsis. The fruit and seeds are very different from those of that genus. The
seeds of this species, as described above, accord with Pereskia while those of
true Pereskiopsis approach those of Opuntia.
399
NEW SPECIES OF OPUNTIA FROM ARIZONA,
By J. N. Roser.
During a part of April and May of 1908 TI was located at Tucson,
Arizona, the guest of the director of the Desert Laboratory of the
Carnegie Institution. While there I frequently visited Tumamoce
Hill, upon which the laboratory is built. Upon this hill was found a
profusion of the prickly pears or flat-jointed Opuntias. A careful
examination of these plants led me to believe that there were among
them at least four well-defined species. Further study in the Cata-
lina Mountains, Tucson Mountains, Tortolitas Mountains about
Tucson, and the Whetstone Mountains about Benson, convinced me
that these were not mere mutations but well-established species ex-
tending over large areas of southeastern Arizona. After reaching
the conclusion that there were four species on Tumamoe Hill, I went
over the material with Dr. D. T. MacDougal, Prof. J. J. Thornber,
and Mr. J. C. Blumer, all of whom agreed with me in my conclusion,
Since returning to Washington I find that Prof. J. W. Toumey has
collected three of the species, considering them distinct. One of these
he has called O. lindheimeri, but this was at a time when 0. Jind-
heimeri was supposed to be a very polymorphic species and to extend
from eastern Texas to the Pacific Ocean. O. “indheimeri is now
known tobe a pretty uniform species with a much more limited range.
O. engelmanni, which has also passed as O. lindheimeri, has been
rediscovered at the type locality and found to be, not only very
different from O. lindheimer?, but very unlike any of our Arizona
species. Another of the three Professor Toumey called O. phaea-
cantha, but an examination of the type sheet of that species, now in
the Missouri Botanical Garden herbarium, shows that this reference
also is a misidentification, and I have named the plant O. blakeana.
It was my original expectation to publish all four of these species
as new, but long after this paper had been prepared and just as it
was going to press I discovered that one of the species had been
described by Dr. David Griffiths as O. discata.
“Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 19: 266. 1908.
66801—voL 12, pr 9—O09——2 401
402 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Opuntia arizonica Grifliths, Rep. Mo, Bot. Gard. 20: 93. 1909,°
Plants stout, more or less spreading, but in time becoming 1 to 1.5 meters
high, forming broad clumps; old joints very large and thick; last year’s
joints orbicular, often rounded at base, 15 to 25 cm, ip diameter, pale glaucous
green; spines 2 to 5, generally 4 or 5, usually 4 to 6 cm, long, more or less
spreading in all directions, stout and somewhat flattened, bright red at base,
above whitish or tinged with rose; areoles often 4 to 6 em. apart; lower
areoles naked or with a single spine; bristles caducous except along the mar-
gins of the joints, here numerous and long; flowers large, nearly 40 cm. broad,
at first lemon-yellow, hardly at all tinged with red at base, in age becoming
salmon-colored; ovary somewhat elongated, slightly glaucous, 3.5 to 4 cm.
long.
Collected by J. N. Rose near Desert Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona, April, 1908
(no, 11751).
Common on foothills and low mountains in the general region of Tucson,
This species was frequently collected by Professor Toumey under the name
ot both O. engelmanni and O. lindheimeri.
Opuntia toumeyi Rose, sp, nov.
Plants low, widely spreading or prostrate; last year’s joints obovate, 15 to 20
em. Jong, dull green, slightly gliucous; spines 1 to 4, generally 1 or 2, one
usually very long and porrect, 4 to 6 cm. long, terete, light brown, the shorter
spines often white and appressed ; lower areoles naked; young joints pale green,
slightly glaucous, the young areoles crowning small tubercles; leaves G to 8
mm, long, somewhat bronzed, acute; young areoles with a single rose-colored
spine; bristles usually brownish; petals 8 cm. long, deep yellow, reddish, or
bronzed at base; ovary oblong, 5 cm. long, glaucous, with oblong tubercles
crowned by the areoles, these with brown bristles, but no spines.
Type collected by J. N. Rose near Desert Laboratory, Tueson, Arizona, April,
1908S (no, 11750).
Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 454445.
Opuntia blakeana Rose, sp. nov. PLATE LY.
Plants low and widely spreading, the old branches trailing on the ground,
rarely rising more than 40 to 60 cm, above the ground: joints obovate, small,
1 to 1.5 em. long, thick, pale, more or less purplish about the areole; spines
usually only 2 or 3 at each areole (the lower areoles often without any), short
brownish; flowers vellow, more or less reddish in the center.
Type collected by J. N. Rose near Desert Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona, April,
1908 (no. 11753).
Distribution southern Arizona.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no, 454451.
This species is named for Dr. W. P. Blake, of Tucson, Arizona.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LV.—-A pad. Natural size.
“Still later, while the page proof of this paper was in hand, Dr. Griffiths’s
publication of O. arizonica was received, which proved to be an anticipation of
another of my species. TI accordingly here substitute Dr. Griffiths’s name,
allowing, however, my description to stand as already in type.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vo'. Xil. PLATE LV.
A JOINT OF OPUNTIA BLAKEANA ROSE,
Te LVI.
PLA
pails
ass
° YS
VA
ae
Ware
i a
Be ie ao
- . Sins Siw 7] ="
: NTF = wy RPP Avec
KANE me AG ic
ECHINOCEREUS BAILEYI ROSE.
Nat. Herp. Vo. &4] PLATE LVII.
FLOWER OF ECHINOCE REUS BAILEY! ROSE,
ECHINOCEREUS BATLEYT, A NEW CACTUS FROM
OKLAHOMA,
By J. N. Roser.
In 1904, James H. Gaut while collecting in the Wichita Mountains
for the Biological Survey of the Department of Agriculture sent me
two specimens of an Echinocereus. which at first T supposed to be a
peculiar form of Echinocercus cuespitosus. Further examination of
these plants showed very marked difference in the habit and in the
arrangement of spines. Both these plants died without flowering.
In 1906 Mr, Vernon Bailey also obtained from the Wichita Moun-
tains several specimens, one of which flowered in 1907,
The species may be described as follows:
Echinocereus baileyi Rose, sp. nov. Puates LVI, LVIT.
Plant body cylindrical, 10 cm. or so high; ribs 15, straight or perhaps some-
times spiral; areoles elongated, separated from the adjacent ones by a space
of about their own -length; spines at first white, when mature brownish or
yellowish, about 16, somewhat spreading, those at the top and base of the
areole smaller; central spines none; areoles when young clothed with dense
white wool, this nearly or quite wanting in age; flowers from the youngest
growth appearing terminal; corolla widely spreading, 6 cm. or more broad:
petals light purple, oblong to spatulate-oblong, the broad apex toothed or
jagged, the terminal tooth tapering into a slender awn: filaments short, yellow:
style stout, longer than the filaments: stigmas 10, obtuse, green; areoles of the
ovary bearing 10 or 12 slender spines intermixed with cohbwebby wool, the spines
whitish, or the central ones brownish ; areoles of the tube crowning an elongated
tubercle, not so closely set, bearing spines subtended by minute leaves.
Collected by James H. Gaut, Mount Scott, Wichita Mountains, Oklahoma,
October 25, 1904; and by V. Bailey, Wichita Mountains, August, 1906 (type).
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 53167.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES LVI, LVII.—Plate LVI, potted plant. From photograph of one
of Mr. Bailey’s specimens. Plate LVII, face of flower from same individual.
403
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. II Pirate LVIII
NopPALEA LUTEA ROSE.
NOPALEA LUTEA, A NEW CACTUS FROM GUATEMALA.
By J. N. Roser.
In October, 1907, IT described * Vopalea quatemalensis, which was
then supposed to be the only endemic species of the genus in Guate-
mala. In December of the same year Prof. W. A. Kellerman wrote
me from El] Rancho that he had discovered there a second species.
Abundance of material was collected, which, after the lamentable
death of Professor Kellerman, was sent to Washington by his assist-
ants, Mr. H. E. Barber and Mr. J. F. Zimmer.
Nopalea lutea Rose, sp. nov. PLATE LVIIT.
Probably arborescent, joints obovate to spatulate, 1 to 1.5 cm. Jong; areoles
about 2 cm. apart, large, made up of a prominent cushion of short hairs filled
with numerous yellow spines and bristles; spines weak, usually about 2 em.
long; flower 5 cm. long; petals red, 2 cm. long; ovary covered with prominent
areoles filled with weak yellow spines and bristles.
Collected by Prof. W. A. Kellerman and assistants, near El Rancho, Guate-
mala, altitude 800 meters, December 28, 1907 (no. 7046).
This species is very unlike the other known Nopaleas in having weak spines.
Professor Kellerman says it differs from N. guatemalensis in having a honey-
yellow green color instead of gray green. The flowers are smaller and of a
lighter red color.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 535175.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LVIII.—Two individuals. From photographs taken by Pro-
fessor Kellerman.
* Smithson. Misc. Coll. 50: 330. 1907.
405
CONZATTIA A NEW GENUS OF CAESALPINTACEAE.
By J. N. Rose.
ry
While collecting on the dry limestone hills west of Tehuacan, Mex-
ico, in 1905, with Mr. Jos. H. Painter, I found a very curious legu-
minous tree which much resembles an Acacia in habit and foliage.
It was long past flowering time and most of the pods were deformed
or abortive, due to the sting of some insect, but a few unripe ones
were found to which a stamen or two still clung, showing the rela-
tionship to be not with Acacia but with the Caesalpiniaceae. This
material was brought to Washington and carefully examined, but
could not be identified. In 1906, a little later in the season, I again
visited Tehuacan and succeeded in gathering mature seeds, but still
no flowers. Later in the same year Prof. C. Conzatti sent me speci-
mens with immature pods, which he had obtained in June, and, finally,
in 1907. he sent me flowers collected by him on May 12 of that year.
Upon this material, together with a photograph showing the habit
and also a seedling now growing in Washington, I am able to present
a full diagnosis of this tree. It proves to be a very distinct genns,
perhaps nearest Cercidium, but never thorny, and differing from it
decidedly in other respects, especially in foliage and fruit. It gives
me great pleasure to name it for my good friend, Prof. C. Conzatti,
director de la Escuela Normal in the city of Oaxaca, Mexico, author
of “Los Generos Vegetales Mexicanos,” and a most painstaking
botanical collector. He has on several occasions assisted me in my
field work, as he has also many other naturalists, and has contributed
many valuable specimens to the National Herbarium.
Conzattia Rose, gen. nov.
Calyx tube campanulate, very short. much shorter than the lobes; lobes
valvate, becoming reflexed, subequal; petals 5, yellow, equal, distinct; stamens
10, erect: filaments glabrous except at the base, here hairy; ovary (in all
specimens seen apparently abortive) white-woolly;: legume strongly flattened,
few-seeded, dehiscent, the seeds oblong, albuminous; cotyledons oblong, entire.
Tree or large shrub, usually with a very distinct trunk and a broadly spreading
top. Leaves large, twice-pinnate (seedling leaves onece-pinnate) with many
pinne and leaflets, Stipules minute. Flowers yellow, in slender racemes.
407
408 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Conzattia arborea Rose, sp. nov, PLate LIX.
A small tree or a shrub, 3 to 8 meters high, the trunk sometimes 3 meters long
and 10 to 30 cm. in diameter, with a broad, rounded top; branches glabrous with
somewhat reddish bark; leaves very large, 30 to 40 cm. long; pinnre 10 to 15
pairs; leaflets about 20 pairs, oblong, 10 to 15mm. long, acute, somewhat oblique
at base, glabrous or a little pubescent along the margin when young; racemes
clustered near the end of the branches, 6 to 12 cm. long, many-flowered ; pedicels
glabrous, jointed just below the flower; petals 7 to 8 mni. long; pods 8 to 15 em.
long, 10 to 15 mm. broad, glabrous, the margins narrowly winged, cuneate at
base, acuminate at apex, 3 or 4-seeded; seeds oblong, lying lengthwise in the
pod, 10 to 12 mm. long, glabrous, brown.
Distribution States of Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.
Specimens examined:
PuEBLA: Near Tehuacan, J. N. Rose and Jos. H. Painter, August 31, 1905
(no, 9893, type) ; same locality, J. N. Rose and J. 8S. Rose, September 8,
1906 (no. 11897).
Oaxaca: On Cerro San Antonio, C. Conzatti, June 26, 1906 (no. 1421) and
May 12, 1907.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 4533886.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LIX.—Field view, showing habit and conditions. From a
photograph taken by Dr. D. 'T. McDougal and here reproduced by permission of the Car-
negie Institution of Washington.
PLATE LIX.
x
Vol,
“ “
~ PR
CONZATTIA ARBOREA ROSE.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF ACACIA OF THE SERIES
FILICIN AE.
By J. N. Roser.
When Bentham published his great work on the “ Mimosaeae,”
in 1874, he reduced some 23 species of Acacia belonging to the series
Filicinae to the two species Acacia villosa and A. filicina. Since then
no one has published on the group and Bentham’s conclusions have
been generally accepted. Doctor Small, in his “ Flora of the South-
eastern United States,” has restored one of these names, viz, A.
cuspidata, and Dr. William Trelease has supplanted filécina by the
older filicioides.. A study of the material from Mexico and our border
States convinces me that the group is sadly in need of revision.
Recently I examined material grown near Tucson, where there seem
to be two distinct species. One of them may be the Texan species
A. texana, but the other is certainly undescribed. In the herbarium
was found a third species from the Huachuca Mountains, likewise un-
described. These two species may be characterized as follows:
Acacia lemmoni Rose, sp. nov.
Branches stout, pilose; pinnze 5 to S pairs; leaflets 9 to 20 pairs, green,
oblong, acute, 6 to 8 mm. long, both middle and lateral nerves prominent ;
sepals and petals glabrous; pods pubescent, 4 to 6 cm. long, 8 mm. broad.
Collected by J. G. Lemmon on Huachuca Mountains, September, 1882,
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 41089,
This species is stouter than the next and with larger acute and prominently
veined leaflets.
Acacia suffrutescens Rose, sp. nov.
Stems low, 10 to 30 cm. high, shrubby at base, the top killing back each year;
branches, rachis of leaves, and peduncle pilose; pinnz usually 8 to 12 pairs;
leaflets numerous, linear-oblong, 4 to 5 mm. long, acutish, glabrous, the veins
indistinct except the central one; sepals and petals glabrous; fruit glabrous,
4 to 5 em. long, 6 to 7 mm. broad.
Common in the valley and mountains near Tucson.
Specimens examined:
ARIZONA: Santa Cruz Valley, C. G. Pringle, 1881 (type); J. J. Thornber,
near the same locality, September 20, 1901; J. F. James, near Tucson,
June, 1880; J. N. Rose, lower part of Catalina Mountains, April, 1908
(no. 11806). ,
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 41086.
409
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol, XII. PLATE LX.
ASPLENIUM MICROTUM MAXON.
A NEW SPLEENWORT FROM CHINA.
By Wittram R. Maxon.
The Chinese fern here described as new was detected several years
ago in the course of a study of Asplenium trichomanes and its allies.
Its relationship is discussed below.
Asplenium microtum Maxon, sp. nov. PLATE LX.
Rhizome suberect, 5 to 7 mm. in diameter, thickly beset with rigid linear-
lanceolate dark brownish scales about 2 mm. in length; fronds few (4 to 8),
cespitose, divergent, subarcuate, 15 to 20 cm. long; stipes dull purplish black,
flexuose, 2 to 3 em. long; lamina 12 to 17 em. long, 11 to 13.5 mm. broad,
linear: pinnze subcoriaceous, deciduous, 25 to 32-jugate, mostly opposite or sub-
opposite, approximate or their width apart, gradually reduced both above and
below; characteristic middle pinnre 6 to 7 mm. long, sessile, subrhombic to
oblong, the base appearing (in dried specimens) narrowly long-cuneate, some-
what excised below, auriculate above, the apex rounded, the margins lightly
crenate-sinuate, revolute in drying; lower pinnze shorter, broader, decidedly
auriculate, somewhat refiexed, easily deciduous, the lowermost 2 or 3 distant,
greatly reduced, subalternate or alternate, a minute, persistent bud with con-
spicuous chaff borne commonly at the base of the last or next to the last;
stipe and rachis narrowly alate, the wing conspicuously erose-dentate or even
serrate; sori medial, linear-oblong, usually 6 (in 3 pairs) or 7, the odd one
in the upper row; indusia ample, firm, glabrous, the margin lightly sinuate ;
spores dark brown, ovoid, somewhat cristate, conspicuously alate and reticulate.
Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 455004; from Mengtse, Yunnan,
China, A. Henry (no. 10344). The same number in the herbarium of the
Missouri Botanical Garden bears the additional data: “s, w. mts., alt. 6000 ft.”
Mentioned by Christ,* some time ago, under the name Asplenium trichomanes,
as a form ‘“ with distant strongly auriculate pinne.” A. microtum is, appar-
ently, a near relative of A. trichomanes; but from this, which, in a typical
state at least, seems to be confined to North America and Europe, it differs
very noticeably in (1) its subcoriaceous texture, (2) its auriculate pinne, these
narrowly cuneate at the base (really less so than appears in the dried plants),
(3) its strongly revolute and lightly crenate-sinuate murgins, and (4) the
presence of a minute but very chaffy bud upon the rachis, near its base.
This last is a character noted hitherto, in the group of Asplenium trichomanes,
only in A. platyneuron and A. monanthes; in the former very rarely; in the
latter commonly, sometimes near the base, but often in the apical portion.
A Mexican species of this group, as yet undescribed, has the fronds radicant
and proliferous at the very apex.
For the drawing herewith reproduced the writer is indebted to Dr. H. D.
House, of the Biltmore Forest School.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX,—a, Plant; b, segment of a frond. a, Natural size; b,
seale 2.
“Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 960. 1898.
411
INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.
[Synonyms in italics. Pages of principal! entries in heavy-face type.]
Page.
Acacia cuspidata____-_.---------- 409
filicina _--------- oe 409
filicioides____-.-______--------- 409
lemmoni__.. ________-------. 409
suffrutescens————-~------~----- 409
texana _-~- ee 409
villosa __-__~__ ee 409
Asplenium microtum___—~- Wee 411.
monanthes__~___-- ~~~ + 411
platyneuron ____---~---------- 411
trichomanes—_—_—~~~--~-----~--- 411
Cercidium ~~. ~~~ ee 407
Cereus lepidotus__--__---_-------- B97
nudiflorus_—.--------------- 397, 3898
Conzattia_-_~~ 5 eee 407
arborea____..-/ 5 5 5 ee 408
Echeveria australis___-_----------_ 396
earnicolor ~~ ~~ ---~~-----~--+--~- 393
guatemalensis_____---_------- 395
lurida______----------------- 393
Kechinocereus baileyi
Pereskia autumnalis
O
Echeveria maxonii-___._.----------
minutiflora —..-------------
caespitosus ~.--~~-~----------
Nopalea guatemalensis. ~~~ ~~
Opuntia arizonica _-__----+----~---
blakeuma ~~ ~~ ---_---~------~-~-
discata. ~~~ ~~~
engelmanni ~_-----~----~--~~-
lindheimeri _------------~ —_
toumeyi _--------------------
phaeacantha ~~---------------
nicovyana —~~_~---~~~~~~-------
Pereskiopsis autumnalis_— ~~~ -- a
‘Thompsonella___---_----_----~---
minutiflora ~-.----____-------~-
platyphylla _-----~--
Villadia guatemalensis __._-___~-
VII
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CONTRIBUTIONS |
FROM THE
UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM
VoLuME ‘XII, Part 10
MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS
By J. N. ROSE, N. L. BRITTON
JOHN M. COULTER, and
G. N. COLLINS
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1909
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
IssuErD JuLY 21, 1909,
li
PREFACE.
The present issue of the Contributions is made up of miscellaneous
papers. The first three are continuations of studies published earlier
in this series respectively on the Cactaceae, Crassulaceae, and Apiaceae,
families which have presented unusual difficulties to botanists, and to
which Dr. J. N. Rose, Associate Curator of the National Herbarium,
has devoted special study in collaboration with Dr. N. L. Britton, of
the New York Botanical Garden, and Prof. John M. Coulter, of the
University of Chicago. The last paper, by G. N. Collins, Assistant
Botanist in the Department of Agriculture, is an account of a remark-
able development in a maize plant grown in a temperate climate from
seed produced in the tropics. It is a suggestive illustration of the
effect of environmental change.
These papers form the concluding part of Volume XII of the
Contributions. The title-page and index of the volume will be issued
later.
Freperick V. CoviLur,
Curator of the United States National ITerbarium.
Tit
CONTENTS.
Page.
The genus Cereus and its allies in North America. By N. L. Britton and
J. N. Rose... 2.2.22 eee eee ee eee ee ee eee eee enone 413
Introduction ........------------0 eee cee ee eee eee ee teen eee eee 413
Descriptions of genera with lists of species.....--------------------+---- 414
Species of unknown generic relationship. .-.---.------------------------ 435
Five new species of Crassulaceae from Mexico. By J. N. Rose....---------- 439
Supplement to the monograph of the North American Umbelliferae. By John
M. Coulter and J. N. Rose ......---.---------+-- +--+ 2-2-2 eee eee ee eee ee 441
Introduction .........-...------------ eee eee ener 441
Bibliography...-.-.-.------------------- 2-2-2 eee ee eee cette 441
Genera and species .............---------------- (eee ee eee eee eee eeeee 442
Apogamy in the maize plant. By G. N. Collins.......--.---------------+-- 453
Puate LXI.
LXII.
LNIII.
LXIV.
LXV.
LXVL.
LXVII.
LXVIII.
LXIX.
LXX.
LXXI.
LXXIT.
LX XIII.
LXXIV.
LXXV.
LXXVI.
LXXVII.
LXXVIII.
LXXIX.
LXXX.
LXXXI.
LX XXII.
LXXNIII.
LXXXIV.
LXXXV.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
Cereus jamacaru (L.) Mill .........----------+-------------+--- 414
Cephalocereus colombianus Rose ......-.------------------+0+-+- 416
Cephalocereus colombianus Rose ......----------------------++- 416
Cephalocereus maxonti Rose .......---------------------++++-+- 417
Escontria chiotilla (Weber) Rose ......-.---------------------- 420
Pachycereus chrysomallus (Lem.) Britton & Rose......-.-------- 421
Lemaireocereus griseus (Haw.) Britton & Rose ....-------------- 425
Lemaireocereus mixtecensis (Purpus) Britton & Rose ...-.--.----. 425
Lemaireocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose.......---------- 426
Lemaireocereus treleasei Rose.....--------------------------+--- 426
Lemaireocereus weberi (Coult.) Britton & Rose ..-..-------.----- 426
Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Mart. ) Console........------------- 427
Myrtillocactus schenckii (Purpus) Britton & Rose .-.--.---------- 427
Peniocereus greggit (Engelm.) Britton & Rose .....------------- 428
Peniocereus greggit (Engelm.) Britton & Rose ...-...--.-.------ 428
Selenicereus macdonaldiae (Hook.) Britton & Rose ....-....-..f. 480
Echeveria bifurcata Rose ....---------------------------+----+- 439
Echeveria trianthina Rose ....-----.--. ----- - wee 439
Sedum allantoides Rose......-.---------. --------+--+ +--+ +--+ 440
Sedum compressum Rose. ...-..-------------+-- <0 0202 ee eee trees 440
Villadia levis Rose....-.---.---------------- + eee eee eee eres 440
Ligusticella eastwoodae C. & R ....---------- 0 +--+ +--+ 2-22 r eee 445
Pseudocymopterus tidestromii C. & BR. ..-.--------- +--+ +22 2-22 -+ +e 447
Young plants and spikelets of apogamous maize. ....--.-.------ 454
Branch of tassel of apogamous maize ....---------------------- 454
THE GENUS CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES IN NORTH AMERICA,
By N. L. Brirron and J. N. Roser.
INTRODUCTION.
Studies of North American Cactaceae, conducted now for several
years in the museums and greenhouses at New York and Washington
and supplemented by field work in the West Indies, Mexico, and the
southwestern United States, have rendered us familiar with the habit
and morphology of a large number of species. The information thus
obtained makes it clear that a considerable number of generic types
must be recognized, additional to those established by previous
authors, in order to present a rational classification of this family.
We have been greatly aided in our study by A. Berger’s admirable
paper entitled, “‘A systematic revision of ‘the genus Cereus Mill.”*
This is by far the most satisfactory treatment of the group which has
everappeared. We think, however, that he has erred in referring to
Cereus the genera Cephalocereus and Echinocereus, which are now
almost universally considered distinct.
But it is also true that these units have no more claim to generic rank
than most of the other subgenera established by him. While, there-
fore, we differ from Mr. Berger as to the importance of these groups,
we realize that he has been consistent and logical in his work. The
genera have very distinct flower and fruit characters as well as clearly
defined habit and stem structure. We have experienced some difli-
culty in forming a lineal arrangement of the genera which seemed to
be logical. Mr. Berger’s arrangement as given in his synopsis of the
subgenera of Cereus is in the main satisfactory but has certain defects.
We have formed a new arrangement which will be followed here,
although further study will doubtless lead to various changes in it.
Although the present paper deals only with North American species,
we may express the conviction incidentally that Eulychnia of Philippi
and Cleistocactus of Lemaire, South American groups, should be re-
stored to generic rank.
In the present communication we submit a list, with bibliographic
references and indication of geographic distribution and of type local-
ities, of the genera and species with descriptions of the genera.
Plates LXV and LXVI and LXVIII to LX XIII are from photo-
graphs furnished by Dr. D. T. MacDougal, which are here used by
courteous permission of the Carnegie Institute of W ashington.
a Rep. Mo. Bot. ‘Gard. 16: 57-86. 1905.
413
414 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERA WITH LISTS OF SPECIES.
1. CEREUS Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. 1768.
CEREUS subgenus PreraNnrHocereus Berger.
Night-flowering cacti with columnar upright, branching, ribbed, fluted or angled
stems and branches, the areoles bearing several spines; flowers funnelform, elon-
gated, the corolla falling away from a ring a little above the ovary after expanding;
ovary bearing a few small scales but no spines nor wool; corolla tube nearly cylin-
dric, somewhat expanded above, bearing a few similar scales, or naked; outer
perianth segments obtuse, the inner acute, the petaloid ones bright white; stamens
numerous, differing much in length; style included, the linear stigmas numerous;
fruit fleshy, naked, sunken at the top, the persistent style recurved; seeds numer-
ous, black, the testa punctate.
Type species Cereus peruvianus Mill.
Cereus hexagonus (L.) Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 no. 1. 1768.
Cactus hexagonus L. Sp. Pl. 466. 1753.
Cactus peruvianus L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus peruvianus Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no, 4. 1768.
Cereus alacriportanus Mart.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 87, 1837.
TYPE LocALITy: Jamaica; there, however, not indigenous but introduced from
Peru.
DisrripuTion: South America; widely planted and naturalized in the West Indies
and Central America.
InLusrrations: Vell. Fl. Flum. pl. 78. 19; Pfeiff. Abb. u. Beschr. pl. 5; DC. Mem.
Mus. Paris 17: pl. 77.
Clearly of South American origin,
Cereus jamacaru DC. Prod. 3: 467. 1828. PLATE LXI.
“Type Locauity: In Brazil.
Disrrisution: South America. Planted in the West Indies; perhaps naturalized
on some islands.
ILiustRATION: Pison, Hist. Nat. Bras. 100. f. 7; Bot. Mag. 95: pl. 5775, as C. lividus.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXI.—From a photograph taken by M. A. Howe, at Santurce, Porto Rico.
Cereus nudiflorus Fngelm. Anal. Acad. Ciene. Habana 6: 98. 1869.
Type Locauity: Beaches near Havana and Guantanamo, Cuba.
Distrisution: Cuba.
Tuiusrrations: Contr. Nat. Herb. 12: pis. 49-51; Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 10: pi. 28.
Erroneously referred by Schumann to Cereus lepidotus Salm-Dyck, a native of north-
ern South America, planted in the West Indies.
2. RATHBUNIA gen. nov.
Plants not large, the stem and branches often weak; spines stout, those of the
flowering areoles not differing from the others; flowers diurnal, single from the
areoles, very narrow and elongated, trumpet-shaped, somewhat curved, oblique at
mouth, scarlet; petals very short, spreading, reflexed, or rolled back; stamens
inserted near the middle of the tube, exserted; fruit globular; seeds black, com-
pressed, minutely pitted, with a large basal oblique hilum,
Named for Dr. Richard Rathbun, Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu-
tion in charge of the U. 8. National Museum, a well-known authority on marine
invertebrates.
Type species Cereus sonorensis Runge.
PLATE LX\.
x
Vo
Contr. Nat. Herb.,,
CEREUS JAMACARU (L.) MILL.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES, 415
Rathbunia alamosensis (Coult.).
Cereus alamosensis Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 406. 1896.
Type LocaLity: Near Alamos, Sonora.
DisrripuTion: Southern Sonora and northern Sinaloa, Mexico.
Rathbunia kerberi (Schum. ).
Cereus kerberi Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 89. 1899.
Type LocaLity: On Voleano of Colima, Mexico.
Disrrisution: Sinaloa, Tepic, and Colima, Mexico.
Rathbunia sonorensis (Runge).
Cereus sonorensis Runge in Schum. Monatssch. Kakteenk. 11: 135, 1901.
Type Locauity: In Sonora.
Distrisution: Central Sonora, Mexico.
ILLustrATIoN: Monatssch. Kakteenk. loc. cit.; Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen
Nachtr. f. 4, as C. stellatus; Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: pl. 3. f. 4.
3. CEPHALOCEREUS Pieiff. Allg. Gartenz. 6: 142. 1838.
Usually very large plants, either with a simple trunk or more or less branched;
upper areoles usually developing wool, in some species forming a distinct cephalium
either at the top or at one side near the top; flowers nocturnal, thick, fleshy, com-
paratively small, one from an areole, with a short definite funnel-shaped tube with
few bracts; sepals and petals rather fleshy; ovary globular, naked or with a few
bracts, spineless; fruit a small globular or depressed-globose berry; seeds numerous,
small, reticulate, black or brownish, shining, with an oblique basal depressed hylum.
Type species Cactus senilis Haw. (which is also the type species of Pilocereus Lem.
Cact. Gen. Nov. & Sp..6. 1839),
Cephalocereus aleusis (Weber).
Pilocereus aleusis Weber; Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 11: 508. 1905.
Type LocaLity: Sierra del Alo (and near Manzanillo, in forests bordering the
sea), Mexico.
Distrisution: Known only from the type locality, but doubtless of wider distri-
bution. Clearly a Cephalocereus, but known to us only from description.
Cephalocereus bahamensis Britton, sp. nov.
Plant 3 to 4 meters high, often 20 cm. thick at the base, the branches divergent-
ascending, 7 to 9 cm. thick, dull green, not pruinose, 10 or ll-ribbed, the ribs
blunt or acutish, rather higher than wide; areoles 1 to 1.5 cm. apart; spines 15 to
20, acicular, radiately spreading and ascending, gray-brown to yellow-brown when
old, 1 to 1.5 em. long, the young ones yellowish with darker bases, the uppermost
2.5 to 8 em. long; wool very short (shorter than the spines), or none; flower 5 to
6 em. long, brownish outside, the petals creamy-white; style slightly exserted; fruit
depressed-globose, 3 to 4 cm. in diameter. °
Banamas: Frozen Cay, Berry Islands (Britton & Millspaugh 2221, January 30,
1905, type); Eleuthera (Britton & Millspaugh 5431); Andros (Northrop 699;
Brace 5054); Cat Island ( Wilson 7185); Crooked Island ( Brace 4695); Abaco
( Brace 2051).
Cephalocereus bakeri, sp. nov. ;
Plant 3 to 4 meters high, branching ntar and above the base, the branches 7 to
10 em. thick, dull green, slightly glaucous; ribs 10 or 11, acutish; areoles 1 to 1.5
cm. apart; spines 15 to 20, acicular, 1 to 2.5 cm. long, yellow when young, becoming
gray; flowering areoles closely set, producing only short yellow spines, the centrals
hardly different from the radials; flowers deep purple, glaucous, 5 cm. long; ovary
naked except for a few ovate bracts.
Collected by C. F. Baker at Cojimar, Province of Havana, Cuba, March 14, 1905
(no. 2731); collected also by C. Wright (no. 2621) and recorded by Grisebach as C.
royent armatus.
416 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cephalocereus chrysacanthus (Weber).
Pilocereus chrysacanthus Weber; Schum, Gesamtb. Kakteen 178. 1899.
Cereus chrysacanthus Orcutt, West. Am. Scientist 13: 63. 1902.
Type Locauity: Near Tehuacan, Mexico.
Distripution: Type locality and vicinity.
IuLusrrations: MacDougal, Bot. N. Am. Deserts pl. 17 in part.
Cephalocereus colombianus Rose, sp. nov. Piates LXIT, LXIII.
Tree, 5 to 6 meters high, more or less branched throughout, the branches nearly
erect; ribs 8, obtuse; spines very many, 25 or more, long and slender; wool from the
areoles long and white, produced for 1 meter down from the top; flowers 7 cm. long,
smooth, pale pink.
Collected by H. Pittier at Venticas del Dugua, Western Cordillera of Colombia
in the State of Cauca, altitude 600 to 900 meters, February 22, 1906, type; also by
W. R. Maxon at Puerto, Colombia (no. 3845). To be looked for in Panama.
Described from photographs and a living specimen,
EXPLANATION OF PLATES LXII, LXIII.—Pl. LXIT, plant. Pl. LXIII cross section and portion of
surface showing spines; flower and bud. Both from photographs taken by H. Pittier.
Cephalocereus cometes (Scheidw. ).
Cereus cometes Scheidw. Allg. Gartenz., 8: 3839, 1840.
Pilocereus jubatus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 24. 1845.
Cereus flavicomus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 202. 1850.
Pilocereus cometes Mittl.; Forst. Handb. Cact. 357. 1846, as synonym.
Pilocereus flavicomus Salm-Dyck; Riimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 658. 1886.
Type Locauiry: Near San Luis Potosf, Mexico.
Disrrinution: San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Cephalocereus hermentianus (Monv.).
Cereus hermentianus Mony. Ill. Hortic. 6: mise. 90. 1859.
Pilocereus hermentianus Lem.; Weber in Bois, Dict. Hort. 965. 1898.
Type Locaity: Not cited.
Disrripution: Haiti, according to Weber.
Described as having about 19 ribs.
Cephalocereus hoppenstedtii (Weber) Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.
3: 181. 1894.
Pilocereus hoppenstedtii Weber, Cat. Piersdortt. 1864.
Cereus hoppenstedtti Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: 70. 1905.
TYPE LocALity: Zapotitlan, near Tehuacin, Mexico.
Disrrisution: Type locality and vicinity.
Cephalocereus keyensis sp. nov.
Plant 5 to 6 meters high, much branched, the branches almost erect, 5 to 6 cm. in
diameter, the trunk up to 12 cm. thick; ribs 9 or 10, narrow, separated by deep
grooves, blue green, very glaucous; areoles 1 to 2 cm. apart, slightly elevated; spines
about 15, acicular, yellow, diverging, 1.5 cm, long or less; wool very short, less than
1 mm. long, white, turning grayish; flowers brownish purple, narrowly campanulate,
6 cm. long, with a strong odor of garlic when opening in the late afternoon or even-
ing, odorless the next morning; outer perianth segments oblong-spatulate, bluntly
pointed, the inner acutish; style scarcely exserted; fruit depressed-globose, reddish,
3.5 em. thick, about 2 em. high.
Hammock, Key West, Florida, N. L. Britton, April 7, 1909, no. 518, type; flowers
collected also on Key West by A. H. Curtiss in 1885, and many years before by Dr.
Blodgett. Doubtfully recorded by Dr. Chapman @ as C. monoclonos DC., but the
flowers described by him are those of Harrisia.
Intusrration: Journ, N. Y. Bot. Gard. 10: f. 25.
@Southern Flo. 144.
Plate LXIl.
ae -
~rimtotace tre ok pers
CEPHALOCEREUS COLOMBIANUS ROSE.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII PLATE LXIII.
CEPHALOCEREUS COLOMBIANUS ROSE.
Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. Xi1. PLATE LXIV.
CEPHALOCEREUS MAXONII ROSE.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. A417
Cephalocereus lanuginosus (L.).
Cactus lanuginosus L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus lanuginosus Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no. 3. 1768, as to name only.
Cereus repandus Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no, 5, 1768.
Pilocereus lanuginosus Riimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 672. 1886.
Type Locauity: Island of Curacao, South America.
This species is commonly referred to Cuba, Porto Rico, and other West Indian
Islands, but is apparently to be excluded from our range. Recently Miss Albertina
Lens sent plants from the type locality which are very different from any of our
North American material.
Cephalocereus leucocephalus (Poselg.).
Pilocereus leucocephalus Poselg. Allg. Gartenz. 21: 126. 1853.
Pilocereus forsteri Lem. Ill. Hortic. 13: under pl. 472. 1866.
Pilocereus houlletii Lem. Rev. Hortic. 1862: 428. 1862.
Cereus houlletii Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard, 16: 70, 1905.
Type Locauity: Of P. leucocephalus, ‘‘ prope Horcasetas’’ in Sonora, Mexico; of P.
houlletii, ‘‘ In Sonora.’’
DisrrRiBUTION: Sonora and southeastern Chihuahua, Mexico.
ILLustRATIONS ® Rev. Hortic. 1862: f. 38-41; Riimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2.
f. 89, 90; Lem. Cact. f. 5. 6; Pflanzenfam. 3%: f. 49. A, B.
This species was described from cultivated specimens which were said to have
come from ‘‘Sonora.’’ So far as we know no species of this genus has in ‘recent
years been collected in, Sonora, but Dr. E. Palmer collected from some Cephalo-
cereus in a barranca near Batopilas, Chihuahua, in 1885, long hair similar to that
figured by Lemaire. This barranca runs down into Sonora. Schumann onty refers
to a plant collected at Naulingo, between Vera Cruz and Jalapa. This is undoubtedly
a different species.
Cephalocereus macrocephalus Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 197. 1899.
Cereus macrocephalus Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: 62. 1905.
Type Locatity: Tehuacan, Mexico.
Disrripution: Type locality and vicinity.
IuLustrations: Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: pl. 43B; MacDougal, Bot. N. Am. Deserts
pl. 18.
Cephalocereus maxonii Rose, sp. nov. Puate LXIV.
Plant 2 to 3 meters high, with few long branches; in mature plants the tops of the
branches for about 30 cm. clothed with long (4 to 5 cm.) white hairs; ribs 6 to 8,
acute, pale blue and somewhat glaucous; areoles small; spines about 10, slender,
yellow, the central single (4 cm. long), all nearly hidden by the long white hairs;
flowers purple, 4 em. long; ovary naked except for a few small bracts; fruits 3.5 em.
broad, broader than high; seeds brownish, reticulated with an oblique basal hilum.
Collected by William R. Maxon near El Rancho, Guatemala, April 4, 1905 (no.
3769, type); and later, seeds only, by W. A. Kellerman, January 10, 1908 (no. 7061).
Also near Salama, by Mr. Maxon (no. 3381).
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 473710.
One living specimen is growing in Washington, and flowers and fruit are preserved
in formalin. Prints from a number of good photographs taken by Cook and Collins,
W. A. Kellerman, H. Pittier, and- William R. Maxon have been mounted.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXIV.—From a photograph taken by William R. Maxon of a plant near
Salama.
Cephalocereus millspaughii Britton, sp. nov.
Stem branched, 2 to 6 meters high, 20 cm. thick at the base, the branches nearly
erect, 8 to 12 em. thick, pale grayish green, pruinose, 8 to 13-ribbed, the ribs
418 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
acutish, about as wide as high or a little wider; areoles 1 to 2 cm. apart; spines
about 20, acicular, widely radiating, 1 to 2 cm. long, or at the flower-bearing (upper)
areoles 3 to 7 cm. long, the old ones gray brown, the young ones yellow or yellow
brown, with darker bases; upper areoles on one side of the plant with large tufts of
whitish wool often as long as the spines or longer; flowers 6cm. long; fruit depressed-
globose, about two-thirds as long as thick.
Banamas: Cave Cay, Exuma Chain, February 19, 1905, Britton & Millspaugh
2832, type; Conception Island, Britton & Millspaugh 6025; Watlings Island,
Britton & Millspaugh 6112; Acklins Island, Brace 4300; Mariguana, Wilson
7567; South Caicos, Wilson 7678; Little Inagua, Nash & Taylor 1195; Wilson
7773.
Cephalocereus monoclonos (DC.).
Cereus monoclonos DC. Prod. 3: 464. 1828.
Type Locauity: Caribbean Islands,
ILLustrRaATION: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann. pl. 191.
Clearly a Cephalocereus without wool, and presumably from Santo Domingo.
Cephalocereus nobilis (Haw. ).
Cereus nobilis Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 179. 1812.
Cactus strictus Willd. Enum. Suppl. 32. 1813, not C. strictus Haw. 1803.
Cereus strictus DC. Prod. 3: 465. 1828.
Pilocereus strictus Rimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 687. 1886,
Pilocereus nobilis Schum. in Eng]. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3°: 181, 1894,
Cactus haworthit Spreng. Syst. 2: 495. 1825.
Cereus haworthit DC. Prod. 3: 465, 1828.
Pilocereus haworthii Console; Lem. Rey. Hortic. 1862: 428. 1862.
Pilocereus consolei Lem. loc. cit. 427. 1862.
Cereus curtisii Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 81. 1837.
Pilocereus curtisii Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 40. 1850,
For additional synonymy see Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 189.
Type Locauity: ‘‘ West Indies.”
Distrisution: St. Kitts to Grenada.
ILLusTRATION: Bot. Mag. pl. 8125, as Cereus royeni.
Cephalocereus palmeri Rose, sp. nov.
Tree 2 to 6 meters high, with 20 or more branches (often 5 to 8 em. in diameter),
dark green or glaucous and bluish when young; ribs 7 to 9, rounded on the edge,
rather closely set, clothed from top downward for 20 to 20 em. with long white hairs
(4 to 5 em, long) usually hiding the spines; radial spines 8 or 12, slender, yellow
when young; central one much longer than the others, 2 to 3 cm. long; areoles 1 cm.
apart, scarcely woolly except toward the top; flowers 6 cm. long, somewhat tubular,
brownish, the ovary without spines or hairs; fruit globular, about 6 em. in diameter,
naked but the surface somewhat warty; seeds black, shining, minutely pitted, 2 mm.
long, oblique at base.
Collected by Dr. E. Palmer near Victoria, Mexico, February, 1907 (no. 362, type),
and near the same place by E. A. Nelson, March 15, 1902 (no. 6665).
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 572593.
Living specimens, including seedlings, are now growing in Washington.
It is called ‘‘organo,’’? a common name also for Cereus marginatus and other species
of Cereus.
Cephalocereus polygonus (Lam. ).
Cactus polygonus Lam. Encyel. 1: 539. 1783.
Cereus polygonus DC. Prod. 3: 466. 1828.
Pilocereus plumieri Lem. Rev. Hortic. 1862: 427. 1862.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 419
Tyre Locauity: Santo Domingo.
DistriputTion: Santo Domingo.
InLustration: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann pl. 196.
From the figure, which shows a plant without wool, and from the description,
which mentions no wool, this resembles C. bahamensis Britton. It is doubtless a
Cephalocereus.
Cephalocereus polylophus (DC.).
Cereus polylophus DC. Mem. Mus. Paris 17: 115. 1828.
Pilocereus polylophus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed, 2. 40, 1880,
Type Locaity: ‘In Mexico.”
DrstRIBUTION: Eastern Mexico.
Known to dealers in cacti as Cereus nickelsii.
Cephalocereus royeni (L.).
Cactus royent L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus royent Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 182, 1812.
Pilocereus floccosus Lem. Ill. Hortic. 18: under pl. 770. 1866.
Cereus armatus Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 81. 1837.
Cereus floccosus Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 81. 1837.
Pilocereus royeni Riimpl. Forst. Handb, Cact. ed. 2. 682. 1886.
Pilocereus fowachianus Weber; Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 10: 386. 1904.
Type LocaLiry: In America, presumably St. Croix.
Disrripution: St. Croix, St. Thomas, Culebra, Porto Rico, Cuba?.
ILtLustRation: Journ, N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: f. 4.
The Cuban plant may prove to be specifically distinct.
Cephalocereus sartorianus Rose, sp. Dov.
Plant 3 to 5 or more meters high with nearly erect branches, 7 to 10 cm. in diame-
ter, light or yellowish green, apparently not pruinose; ribs (in three individuals
examined) 7, 2 em. deep, marked by a pair of grooves descending obliquely, one on
each side, from the areoles; areoles closely set, usually 1.5 cm. apart; radial spincs
at first 7 or 8, others apparently developing later; central normally one; all spincs
short, 1 em. or less long, at first straw-colored, in age grayish; all areoles producing
few or many cobwebby hairs; the flowering areoles appearing on one side of the
plant, in the specimen under observation on a single rib, and producing long white
hairs 4 to 6 cm. long; flowers 6 to 8 cm. long, ‘dirty rose red;”’ fruit red.
Described from two young plants and the top of an old one sent by Dr. C. A. Par-
pus and the late Dr. A. Sartorius from the State of Veracruz, Mexico.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 574992.
This is doubtless the Pilocereus houlletiti of Schumann’s Monograph and of most
writers, but the type of the original species came from Sonora, Mexico.
[LLusrraTION: Bliihende Kakteen pl. 79, as Pilocereus houlletii.
Cephalocereus scoparius (Poselg. ).
Pilocereus scoparius Poselg. Allg. Gartenz. 21: 126, 1853.
Type LocaLiry: Soledad, near Veracruz, Mexico.
DisrripuTion: Type locality and vicinity.
Cephalocereus senilis (Haw. ) Pfeiff. Allg. Gartenz. 6: 142. 1838.
Cactus senilis Haw. Phil. Mag. 63: 41. 1824.
Cereus senilis DC. Prod. 8: 464. 1828.
Pilocereus senilis Lem, Cact. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 6. 1889.
Cactus bradypus Lehm. Index Sem. Hamburg 17. 1826.
Typr Locatiry: Mexico.
Disrripution; Hidalgo and Guanajuato, Mexico,
420 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
ILtustrations: Lehm, Noy. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 16!: pi. 12; Monatssch. Kak-
teenk. 1: 32; Monatssch. Kakteenk. 4: 124, 125; Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 40; Rev.
Hort. 1889: /. 139; 1890: /. 38, 39; Riimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. f. 91, 92;
Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. 3%: pl. 2. f. 60.
Cephalocereus swartzii ((riseb. ).
Cereus swartzii Griseb. Fl. Brit. West Ind. 301. 1860.
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica.
DistRIBUTION: Jamaica.
Cephalocereus urbanianus (Schum. ).
Pilocereus urbanianus Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 193. 1899.
Type Locauiry: Guadaloupe.
DisrrisutTion: Guadaloupe.
The following is clearly a Cephalocereus, but is known to us only from the
description:
PILOCEREUS SCHLUMBERGERI Weber; Schum. Gesamth. Kakteen 186, 1899.
Type LocaLiry: Not cited. ,
Distrisution: Haiti, in the vicinity of Gonaives, according to Weber, as cited by
Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. 66.
Described as having 13 ribs, and clearly a Cephalocereus, but known to us only
from the description. C. polygonus, from the same island, is figured as with 11 ribs,
but without any wool.
4. ESCONTRIA Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 125. 1906.
Large and much branched plants; ribs few; spines all similar, arranged in peculiar
pectinate clusters; flowers small, yellow, tubular, one from an areole, diurnal; ovary
globular, covered with imbricating chartaceous translucent persistent scales without
spines or hairs; petals erect, narrow; stamens and style included; fruit globular, scaly,
purple, fleshy, edible; seeds numerous, black.
Type species Cereus chiotilla Weber.
Only one species is known.
Escontria chiotilla (Weber) Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 126. 1906. Puarx LXV,
Cereus chidtilla Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 83. 1899, ‘
TYPE LocaLity: ‘‘Oajaca.’’
DisrriputTion: Oaxaca, Mexico.
ILLusrraTiIons: Rose, loc. cit. pl. 439A.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX V.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.
5. PACHYCEREUS gen. nov.
Usually very large plants, more or less branched from a definite trunk; flowers
diurnal (?), witha rather short tube; petals short, spatulate; stamens included, numer-
ous, inserted along the throat; style included; ovary and tube covered with small
bracts and woolly hairs and bristles; fruit large, bur-like, dry, densely covered with
clusters of deciduous spines and bristles; seeds large and black.
Type species Cereus pringlet S. Wats.
This was made a subgenus by A. Berger, whose name we have adopted.
Pachycereus calvus (lHngelm. ).
Cereus calvus Kngelm.; Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 409. 1896.
Tyre Locatiry: ‘From Cape San Lucas northward,’’ Lower California.
Disrripution: Southern Lower California.
"gSOY (YSSSM) VIINLOIHO VINLNOOS
Contr, Nat
Herb., Vol,
XI.
PLATE LXV.
Contr Nat. Herb,, Vol. XII Plate LXVI.
PACHYCEREUS CHRYSOMALLUS (LEM.) BRITTON & ROSE.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 421
Pachycereus chrysomallus (Lem. ) Puate LX VI.
Cephalocereus chrysomallus (Lem.) Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3%:
182. 1894.
Pilocereus chrysomalius Lem. Fl. Serres 3: sub pl. 242. 1847.
Cereus chrysomallus Hemsl. Biol. Centr. 1: 541, 1880.
Pilocereus fulviceps Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 176. 1899.
Cereus fulviceps Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: 64. 1905.
Pilocereus rupiceps Weber; Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 11: 506, 1905.
TYPE LocaLity: In Mexico.
Distrisution: Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.
ILtLustRATIONs: Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: pl. 18; MacDougal, Bot. N. Am. Deserts
pl. 16.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX VI.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.
Pachycereus columna-trajani (Karw.).
Cephalocereus columna-trajani (Karw.) Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3%:
182. 1894,
Cereus columna-trajant Karw.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 76. 1837.
Pilocereus columna Lem. Cact. Gen. & Sp. 9. 1839.
Pilocereus lateribarbatus Pfeiff.; Rumpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 672. 1886.
Cereus tetazo Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 409. 1896.
Pilocereus tetetzo Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 175. 1899.
Type Locairy: San Sebastiin, Puebla, Mexico.
Disrripution: Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.
Ituustrations: Rev. Hortic. 1890: 129. f. 40; MacDougal, Bot. N. Am. Deserts
pl. 22.
Pachycereus grandis Rose, sp. nov.
Large plants 6 to 10 meters high, often with a single erect trunk but generally,
especially in old plants, much branched near the base, the trunk sometimes 1 meter
in diameter; branches columnar and generally simple, becoming erect almost from
the first, repeatedly constricted (this especially noticeable from a distance), pale
green in color; ribs 9, 10, or 11, acute; areoles 2 to 3 cm. apart, not running together
nor extending below the spines as in 2. pecten-aboriginum; old spines grayish or
white with black tips; radial spines 9 or 10; centrals 3, the lower one longer (some-
times 6 cm. long), somewhat flattened laterally, the two upper opposite, similar to
the radial; flowering areoles very large, elliptical, 2 em. long, thickly set below with
stout brown bristles, in the upper half with short yellow bristles; flowers rather
small, about 4 cm. long; ovary and corolla tube covered with tawny wool; fruit
large, globular, dry, covered with long yellow bristles and yellowish wool.
Collected on the pedregal near Cuernavaca by J. N. Rose and J. 8. Rose, August
14, 1906 (no. 11087). .
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 453872.
This giant cactus is common on the edge of the pedregal near Cuernavaca and
extends for many miles down the valley southward.
The species is near P. pecten-aboriginuim but is generally more branched and prob-
ably larger. Technically, it has very different areoles and much longer spines.
Pachycereus marginatus (DC.).
Cereus marginatus DC. Mem. Mus. Paris 17: 116, 1828.
Cereus gemmatus Zace.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 96. 1857.
Type LocaLity: Mexico.
DisrrisutTion: Hidalgo, Querétaro, and Guanajuato, Mexico.
ILLustRAtIoNs: Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: pl. 59, 60.
422 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Pachycereus orcuttii (K. Brandegee).
Cereus orcuttii K. Brandegee, Zoe 5: 3. 1900.
Type LocaLity: Rosario, Lower California.
Distrisution: Known only from the type locality.
Pachycereus pringlei (8. Wats. ).
Cereus pringlei S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 20: 368. 1885.
Type LocaLity: ‘‘South of the Altar River,’’ Sonora, Mexico.
DistriputTion: Sonora and northeastern Lower California.
ILLusrration: Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: pl. 7.
Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum (Engelm.).
Cereus pecten-aboriginum Engelm.; 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 429. 1886.
Typr Locauity: Hacienda San Miguel, Chihuahua.
Distripution: Chihuahua and Sonora; southern Lower California.
Iutusrration: Gard. & For. 7: f. 54. Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: pl. 57, 58, fo 82.
Pachycereus queretarensis (Weber).
Cereus queretarensis Weber; Mathsson, Monatssch. Kakteenk, 1: 28, 1891,
Type Locauity: In Querétaro, Mexico,
Distripution: Central Mexico.
Pachycereus titan (Kngelm.).
Cereus titan Engelm.; Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 409, 1896.
Typr LocaLity: From Cape San Lucas to San Quentin, Lower California.
Disrripution: Southern Lower California.
6. HARRISIA Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 561. 1908.
Night-flowering cacti with slender upright-branched cylindric stems, the branches
fluted, with from 8 to 11 rounded ribs separated by shallow grooves bearing areoles
at frequent intervals, each areole with several acicular spines; flowers borne at
areoles near the ends of the branches, funnelform, large, with a cylindric sealy but
spineless tube as long as the limb or longer; buds globose, ovoid or obovoid, densely
scaly, the scales bearing long or short woolly hairs; sepals pink or greenish, linear-
lanceolate; petals white; stamens shorter than the petals; style somewhat longer
than the stamens; fruit globose to ovoid-globose, green to yellow, spineless but with
deciduous scales, the corolla withering-persistent; seeds very numerous, small.
Type species Cereus gracilis Mill.
Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiff.) Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 562. 1908.
Cereus cubensis Zuce.; Seitz, Allg. Gartenz. 2: 244. 1834.
Cereus eriophorus Pfeiff. Enum, Cact, 94, 1837.
Type LocaLity: Cuba.
DistrrBuTIon: Cuba,
ILttustration: Pfeiff. & Otto, Abb. u. Beschr. Cact. pl. 22; Blithende Kakteen
pl. 84.
Harrisia brookii Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 564, 1908.
Type Locauity: Georgetown, Long Island, Bahamas.
DistripuTion: Bahama Islands; Florida Keys.
Harrisia fernowi Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 562. 1908,
Cereus pellucidus Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 116. 1866, not Otto, 1837.
Typr Locauity: Between Ric Grande and Rio Ubero in eastern Cuba.
DistripuTion: Eastern Cuba.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 423
Harrisia gracilis ( Mill.) Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 563. 1908.
Cereus gracilis Mill. Gard, Dict. ed. 8. no. 8. 1768.
Cereus repandus Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 183. 1812, not Cactus repandus L. 1753.
?Cereus subrepandus Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suec, 78. 1819.
Type Locauity: ‘ British Islands of America.’’
DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica.
Harrisia nashii Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 564. 1908.
Type Locatiry: Between Gonaives and Plaisance, Haiti.
DistrRisuTion: Haiti.
Inuustration: Descourt. Fl. Med. Antill. 1: p/. 66, as Cactus divaricatus.
Harrisia portoricensis Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 563, 1908,
Tyre Locauiry: Near Ponce, Porto Rico.
Distripution: Porto Rico.
Harrisia taylori Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 565, 1908.
TyPE LocaLiry: Between Rio Grande and Rio Ubero, in eastern Cuba.
DistrrBpuTion: Cuba.
Harrisia undata ( Pfeiff.) Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 564. 1908.
Cereusundatus Pieiff. Enum. Cact. 94. 1837.
Type LocaLitry: Not given.
DistrisputTion: Eastern Cuba.
ILLusTRATIONS: Pfeiff. & Otto, Abb. u. Beschr. Cact. pl. 23.
The following two species now under Cereus are likely to prove to be members of
this genus:
CEeREvs DIVARICATUS Lam. Eneyel. 1: 540. 1783.
Cereus divergens Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 95. 1837.
Pilocereus divaricatus Lem. Rev. Hort. 1862: 427. 1862.
Type LocaLity: Santo Domingo.
DistripuTion: Santo Domingo and Haiti.
ILLusTRATION: Plumier, Pl. Amer. ed. Burmann p/. 193.
CrreEvus EREcTUs Karw.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 95, 1837.
’
Typr LocaLity: Mexico.
7. NYCTOCEREUS gen. nov.
Erect or straggling, slender, sparingly branched cacti, with cylindric fluted stems
and branches, the numerous areoles bearing a tuft of short white wool and small
radiating acicular bristles or weak spines; flowers large, white, nocturnal; ovary bear-
ing small scales and tufts of weak spines or bristles; corolla funnelform, the nearly
cylindric tube gradually expanded above, bearing scales and tufts of weak bristles
below the middle, above the middle bearing distant, narrowly lanceolate scales,
which grade into the blunt outer perianth segments; inner perianth segments widely
spreading, obtuse or acutish; stamens numerous, shorter than the perianth; style
about as long as the stamens; fruit scaly and spiny or bristly. The genus is, perhaps,
heterogamous.
Type species Cereus serpentinus DC.
Nyctocereus was considered a subgenus by A. Berger under this name.
Nyctocereus serpentinus (Lag. & Rodrig. ).
Cactus serpentinus Lag. & Rodrig. Anal. Cienc. Nat. 4: 261. 1801.
Cactus ambiguus Bonpl. Pl. Jard. Novar. et Malmais. pl. 38, 1803.
Cereus serpentinus DC. Prod. 3: 467, 1828.
85408—voL 12, pr 10—09 2
424 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cereus ambiguus DC. loc. cit.
Lechinocereus serpentinus Lem. Cact. 57. 1868.
Tyre LocaLity: None given; described from garden plant.
DistrrpuTion: Mexico.
InLustrATions: Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. Select. pl. 42; Bonpl. loc. cit.; DC. Mem. Mus.
Paris 17: pl. 12; Bot. Mag. 64: pl. 3566; Regel, Gartenfl. pl. 1079.
Nyctocereus hirschtianus (Schum.).
Cereus hirschtianus Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 130, 1899.
Type Locaity: Nicaragua.
DisrripuTion: Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION: Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 37.
Nyctocereus neumannii (Schum. ).
Cereus neumannit Schum. Gesamtb, Kakteen Nachtr. 37. 1903.
Type LocaLity: Near Chiquitillo, Metagalpa, Nicaragua.
DisrrisutTion: Known onlv from the type locality.
8. CARNEGIEA Britt. & Rose, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 9: 187. 1908.
Usually very large plants with stout upright stems and few or no_ branches,
strongly ribbed, the spines on flowering and sterile areoles very different; flowers
borne on the uppermost areoles, diurnal, funnelform, thickish, the tube nearly
cylindrical, about half as long as the limb, bearing a few broadly triangular, ovate,
acute scales with tufts of wool in their axils; petals white, short, widely spreading
and somewhat reflexed when fully expanded; ovary spineless or nearly so, oblong,
covered with scales similar to those of the tube but somewhat closer together;
stamens very numerous, about three-quarters as long as the petals; stigmas 12 to 18,
narrowly linear, reaching a little above the stamens; fruit an oblong or somewhat
obovoid berry containing red pulp and bearing small distinct scales; seeds very
small, numerous, black, and shining.
Type species Cereus giganteus Engelm.
Carnegiea gigantea (Kngelm.) Britt. & Rose, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 9: 188. 1908.
Cereus giganteus Engelm. in Emory, Notes Mil. Rec. 158. 1848.
Pilocereus engelmannit Lem. Ill. Hortic. 9: mise, 97, 1862.
Pilocereus giganteus Haage & Schmidt, Cat. 230. 1898.
Tyre Locauity: Along the Gila River, Arizona.
Disrripution: Arizona, southeastern California; Sonora, Mexico.
IuLustrations: Cact. Mex. Bound. pl. 67,62; Bot. Mag. pl. 7222; Journ. N. Y. Bot.
Gard. 9: pls. 49, 50.
9. LEMAIREOCEREUS gen. nov.
Plants usually very large, tall and branching or sometimes prostrate; spines usu-
ally stout and numerous; flowers diurnal, single at the areoles, with a more or less
elongated funnelform tube; stamens numerous, borne in many rows all along the
surface of the throat; surface of ovary covered with fleshy tubercles, each crowned
by a small bract; axils of the bracts filled with short hairs or dense wool, at first
spineless but soon developing a cluster of spines; fruit globular to oval, beset with
deciduous spines, in most species, at least, irregularly bursting when old, exposing
the seeds, often edible; seeds many, black.
Type species Cereus hollianus Weber.
Lemaireocereus cumengei (Weber).
Cereus cumenget Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 317. 1895,
Type LocaLity: Lower California.
DisrrisutTion: Lower California.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. Xil, PLATE LXVII.
LEMAIREOCEREUS GRISEUS (HAW.) BRITTON c& ROSE.
PLATE LXVIII.
ROSE.
BRITTON &
RPUS
s Pu
REUS MIXTECENSI
MAIREOCE
c
L
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 425
Lemaireocereus dumortieri (Salm-Dyck).
Cereus dumortiert Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 210. 1850.
? Cereus anisacanthus DC. Mem. Mus. Paris 17: 116. 1828.
TYPE LocALity: Not cited.
Disrrisution: Michoacan, Zacatecas, Hidalgo, and Morelos, Mexico.
Lemaireocereus eruca (Brandegee).
Cereus eruca Brandegee, Proc. Cal. Acad. II. 2: 163. 1889,
Type Locatity: ‘‘ Magdalena Island and about San Jorge,’’ Lower California.
Distrisution: Lower California.
ILLusTRATION: Brandegee, loc. cit. pl. 7.
Lemaireocereus griseus (Haw. ). PLatre LXVII.
Cereus griseus Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 182. 1812.
Cereus eburneus Salm-Dyck, Obs. Bot. 6. 1822.
chinocactus pruinosus Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 54, 1837.
Cereus pruinosus Otto; Férst. Handb. Cact. 398. 1846.
Cereus clavatus Otto & Dietr. Allg. Gartenz. 6: 28. 1838.
Cereus laevigatus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 204. 1850.
Type Locaity: South America.
DistripuTion: Mexico to Venezuela.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXVII.—From a photograph taken by Mr. G. N. Collins. Scale about 2.
Lemaireocereus gummosus (Engelm. ).
Cereus gummosus Engelm.; Brandegee, Proc. Cal. Acad. IT. 2: 162, 1889.
TYPE LocaLity: Southern Lower California.
Distrrpution: Lower California.
Lemaireocereus hystrix (Salm-Dyck).
Cactus hystrix Salm-Dvck, Obs. Bot. 7. 1822.
Cereus hystrix Salm-Dyck; DC. Prod. 3: 464. 1828,
DistriputTion: Jamaica; Haiti; Cuba.
Ittustration: Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 10: f. 20.
Lemaireocereus hollianus (Weber).
Cereus hollianus Weber; Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 411. 1896.
Cereus bavosus Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 84. 1899,
Type Locauity: Tehuacin, Puebla, Mexico.
DistrrBution: Puebla.
Lemaireocereus mixtecensis (Purpus). Puate LXVIIL.
Cereus mixtecensis Parpus, Monatssch. Kakteenk. 19: 52. 1908.
Tyre Locauity: Sierra de Mixteca, Oaxaca, Mexico,
Disrripution: Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.
_Itxustration: Purpus loc. cit. 53.
This species is perhaps nearest Lemaireocereus stellatus.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXVIII.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.
Lemaireocereus schumanni ( Mathsson).
Cereus schumanni Mathsson; Schum. Monatssch. Kakteen 9: 131. 1899.
Type Locatity: Honduras.
Disrrisution: Known only in cultivation.
426 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Lemaireocereus stellatus (Pteiff.). Puate LXIX.
Cereus stellatus Pfeiff. Allg. Gartenz. 4: 268. 1836.
Cereus dyckii Mart.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 87. 1837.
Cereus tonellianus Lem. Ill. Hortic. 2: mise. 63. 1855,
Typ Locauiry: Central Mexico.
Distrisution: Mexico,
Iutusrration: Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: pl. 3. f. 1-4.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXIX.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T, MacDougal.
Lemaireocereus thurberi (Engelm. ).
Cereus thurbert Engelm. Am. Journ. Sci. IT. 17: 234. 1854.
Typr Locauity: Canyon near the mountain pass of Bachuachi.
Disrripution: Sonora and Lower California.
IuLusrratTion: Engelm. Cact. Mex. Bound. pl. 74. f. 14.
Lemaireocereus treleasei Rose, sp. nov. Puate LXX.
Plants 5 to 7 meters high, simple or with a few strict branches; ribs about 20;
areoles closely set, each with a peculiar V-shaped depression just above it; spines
rather short, yellowish; flowers pinkish, 4 to 5 cm. long, diurnal; bracts on ovary
and flower tube bearing slender whitish bristles; fruit red, about 5 cm. in diameter,
covered with clusters of deciduous spines; seeds black with a dull rugose surface and
a large oblique basal hilum.
Collected by J. N. Rose on the road between Mitla and Oaxaca, September 5,
1906 (no. 11300, type). The species had previously been collected by Dr. William
Trelease in this same region.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 454090.
This species has flowers and fruit much resembling those of Lemaireocereus stellatus,
but it has a different habit, the stems have more ribs, and it has different areoles.
Mr. C. H. Thompson, of the Missouri Botanical Garden, has called my attention to
the fact that this V-shaped groove is not known to occur in any of our North Ameri-
can species of Cereus, but is a character of several South American species.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX X.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.
Lemaireocereus weberi (Coult. ). Pirate LAXMI,
Cereus weberi Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 410. 1896.
Cereus candelabrum Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 106. 1899.
Type Locautiry: A few miles south of Tehuac:in, Puebla, Mexico.
DisrriputTion: Puebla, Mexico.
ILLusrrations: Gesamtb. Kakteen loe. cit. /. 24; MacDougal, Bot. N. Am. Deserts
pl. 21.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX XI.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D, T. MacDougal.
Near L. griseus belong:
CEREUS CHENDE Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 11: 506. 1903.
CEREUS CHICHIPE Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 11: 507. 1903.
See Monatssch. Kakteenk. 18: 155. 1908.
10. LOPHOCEREDUS gen. nov.
Plants either simple or with a few branches, or much branched at base; ribs few,
areoles on the lower part of stem very different from the upper ones; flowering
areoles (in the wild state) developing long bristle-like hairs standing out at right
angles to the axis of the stem; flowers several from each areole, small (4 cm. or less
long), funnelform with a narrow short tube; petals red; stamens short, included;
fruit small, red, globular, less than 2 cm. in diameter, glabrous or with a few spines
in the axils of small bracts; seeds numerous, small, black, shining, with a basal
depressed hilum.
Type species Cereus schottii Kngelm.
“ASOY W NOLLING (‘45la4d) SNLVIISLS SNSYXR003YIVWAT
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vo
PLATE LXIX.
‘ed PROD
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vo. XII PLATE LX,
LEMAIREOCEREUS TREALEASII ROSE,
PLATE LXXI.
XII
erb., V
at. A
Contr. N
BRITTON & ROSE.
LEMAIREOCEREUS WEBERI {COULT.
XII
PLATE LXXII.
CONSOLE.
MYRTILLOCACTUS GEOMETRIZANS ‘Marr.
PLATE LXXIII.
MYRTILLOCACTUS SCHENCKII (PURPUS) BRITTON & ROSE.
ee ee
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 427
Lophocereus australis (K. Brandegee).
Cereus schottii australis K. Brandegee, Zoe 5: 4, 1900.
Type Locauiry: Not cited.
Distripution: Southern Lower California and southwestern Sonora.
Lophocereus sargentianus (Orcutt).
Cereus sargentianus Orcutt, Gard. & For. 4: 436, 1891.
Pilocereus sargentianus Orcutt, Monatssch. Kakteenk. 2: 76. 1892.
Type LocALity: San Quentin, Lower California.
DisrrisuTion: Northern Lower California.
ILLusTRATION: Orcutt, Gard. & For. loc. cit. f. 69; Monatssch. Kakteenk. 5: 87.
Lophocereus schottii (Ingelm. ).
Cereus schottii Engelm. Proc. Am, Acad, 3: 288. 1856.
Pilocereus schottii Lem. Rev. Hortic. 1862: 428. 1862.
Cereus palieri Engeli.; Coult. Contr, Nat. Herb. 3: 401. 1896.
Type LocaLity: Toward Santa Magdalena, Sonora, Mexico.
Distripution: Sonora, Arizona, and northeastern Lower California,
Iuuustrations: Bot. Mex. Bound. pl. 74. f. 16 (seed); Gesamtb. Kakteen /f. 37, 38.
11. MYRTILLOCACTUS Console, Bull. Ort. Bot. Palermo 1: 8, 1897.
Plants usually with a single trunk and a large much-branched top; ribs few;
spines of all the areoles similar; flowers diurnal, very small, several from a single
areole, with a very short tube and widely spreading petals; ovary bearing a few
minute bracts, spineless; fruit a small globular edible berry; seeds small, black,
with a basal hilum,
Type species Cereus geometrizans Mart.
Myrtillocactus cochal (Orcutt).
Cereus cochal Orcutt, West. Am. Scientist 6: 29. 1899.
Cereus geometrizans cochal K. Brandegee, Zoe 5: 4. 1900.
Type Locairy: Todos Santos Bay, Lower California.
DistrisutTion: Lower California.
IuLusrraTion: Monatssch. Kakteenk. 5: 74.
Myrtillocactus geometrizans ( Mart.) Console, Bull. Ort. Bot. Palermo 1: 8. 1897.
Puare LXXILI.
Cereus geometrizans Mart.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 90. 1837.
Cereus pugionifer Lem. Cact. Noy. 30. 1838.
Cereus quadrangulispiis Lem.; Khrenb, Linnaea 19: 363. 1847, hyponym.
Type LocaLity: Mexico.
DisTRIBUTION: San Luis Potosf to Oaxaca, Mexico.
ILLustraTions: Karsten, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell. 15: pl. 2; Schum. Gesamtb.
f. 23.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXII.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.
Myrtillocactus schenckii (Purpus). Puate LXNIIT.
Cereus schenckii Purpus, Monatss. Kakteenk. 19: 38. 1909.
Type Locauity: ‘Sierra de Mixteca.”’
Disrrisution: Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.
ILLusTRATION: Purpus, loc. cit. 39.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXIII.—From a photograph taken by Dr. D.‘T. MacD ugal.
428 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
12. PENIOCEREUS gen. nov.
Plants low, slender, erect from an enormous fleshy, turnip-shaped root, usually 4
or 5-ribbed, rarely 3 or 6-ribbed; spines of all the areoles similar; flowers very large
for the size of the plant, only one from a single areole, nocturnal, white or tinged
with red; tube of flower long, slender, with small clusters of spines scattered over
the outer surface; fruit ovoid, long-acuminate, bright scarlet, fleshy and edible with
elevated spineless areoles; seeds black, rugose, with a large oblique hilum.
Type species Cereus greggit Engelm.
Peniocereus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger, whose name we
have adopted.
Peniocereus greggii (lngelm. ). Pirates LAXIV, LXNXY.
Cereus greggui Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. Tour North. Mex. 102. 1848,
Cereus pottsii Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 208. 1850.
Cereus greggui transmontanus Engelm. Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 287. 1856.
Type LocaLity: North and south of Chihuahua, Mexico,
DistripuTion: Texas to Arizona; Sonora, Chihuahua, and Zacatecas, Mexico.
Iutustrations: Engelm. Cact. Mex. Bound. pl. 68-65; Schum. Monatssch. Kak-
teenk. 5: 150, 151; Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 78.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES LXXIV, LXXV.—PI. LXXIV, A, root; B, plant in flower. Pl. LXXV,A,
flowers; B, plant in flower, All from photographs taken by Francis FE, Lloyd.
13. HYLOCEREUS ven. nov.
Climbing cacti, with elongated, 3-angled or 3-winged stems and branches emitting
aerial roots, their areoles bearing several short spines and a tuft of very shcrt wool;
flowers very large, nocturnal, funnelform, the limb as long as the tube or longer;
ovary and tube bearing large foliaceous scales but without spines, wool, or hairs;
outer perianth segments similar to the scales of the tube, but longer; petaloid perianth
segments narrow, acute or acuminate, mostly white; stamens very many, in two
series equalling or shorter than the style; style cylindric, rather stout, the linear
stigmas numerous; fruit with several or many persistent foliaceous scales.
Type species Cereus triangularis (L.) Haw.
Hylocereus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger under this name.
Hylocereus calcaratus (Weber).
Cereus calearatus Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 458. 1902.
Type Locauity: Valley of Tuis, Costa Rica.
Disrrinution: Costa Rica.
This species belongs to this genus, not to Selenicereus.
Hylocereus costaricensis (Weber).
Cereus trigonus costaricensis Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 457. 1902.
TYPE LocaLiry: Costa Rica.
DisrrisuTion: Costa Rica, Central America.
Older joints gray-glaucous, like those of H/. ecumponis.
Fylocereus lemairei (Hook. ).
Cereus lemairei Hook. Bot. Mag. 80: pl. 4814. 1854.
TypgE LocaLity: Thought to be Antigua.
Disrrinution: Antigua, Montserrat, Culebra(?), and Porto Rico(?), Antilles.
ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Mag. loc. cit.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XI, PLATE LXXIV.
PENIOCEREUS GREGGII (ENGELM.) BRITTON & ROSE.
Contr. Nat. Herb.. Vol. XI. PLATE LXXV.
PENIOCEREUS GREGGII |ENGELM.) BRITTON c& ROSE.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 429
Hylocereus napoleonis ((rraham).
Cereus napoleonis Graham, Bot. Mag. 63: p/. 3458. 1836.
Cereus triangularis major Salm-Dyck, in Pfeiff. Enum Cact. 117, 1837, as synonym.
Type Locauity: Unknown; described from a cultivated plant.
Distrisution: West Indies and southern Mexico, according to Schumann.
InLusTRATION: Bot. Mag. loc. cit.
Hylocereus ocamponis (Salm-Dyck).
Cereus ocamponis Salm-Dyeck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 220. 1850.
Type Locauity: Mexico or Colombia.
DistrrputTion: Mexico?
Hylocereus stenopterus (Weber).
Cereus stenopterus Weber, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. 8: 458. 1902.
Type Locauity: ‘ Vallée de Tuis,’’ Costa Rica.
DistriputTion: Costa Rica, Central America.
Hylocereus triangularis (L.).
Cactus triangularis L. Sp. Pl. 468. 1753.
Cereus compressus Mill. Gard, Dict. ed, 8. no. 10. 1768.
Cereus triangularis Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 180, 1812.
Cereus trigonus Haw. op. cit. 181.
Cereus anizogonus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2, 52, 1850, as synonym.
Type tocauiry: ‘‘In Brasilia, Jamaica,’ according to Linnzeus, but doubtless
really Jamaica.
DistrIBuTION: Southern Mexico to Panama; Jamaica; Cuba to Porto Rico; widely
planted and escaped from cultivation in tropical America, the West Indies, and
southern Florida.
IuLustrations: Pluk. Alm. pl. 29. f. 8; Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann pl. 200. f. 1, 2;
Bot. Mag. pl. 1884; Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 4°: pl. 42.
Gosselin recognizes Cereus trigonus as a good species.
The relative thickness of the stems is not a valid specific character in the West
Indian plants of this genus.
Hylocereus tricostatus (Gosselin).
Cereus tricostatus Gosselin, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 664. 1907.
Type Locauity: Description based on plants from two localities in Mexico, viz,
Huejolitlan, Puebla, and Guadalajara, Jalisco.
DistriBuTion: Only known from type collection,
14. SELENICEREUS gen. nov.
Stems slender, trailing or climbing, elongated, with low ribs, giving off roots
irregularly; flowers large, often very large, nocturnal; bracts of ovary and flower
tube usually bearing long hairs and bristles; fruit large, reddish, covered with clus-
ters of deciduous spines.
Type species Cactus grandiflorus L.
Selenicereus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger under this name.
Selenicereus boeckmanni (Otto).
Cereus boeckmanni Otto; Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dvck. ed. 2. 216. 1850.
Cereus eriophorus Griseb, Cat. Pl. Cub. 116. 1866, not Pfeiff. 1837.
Tyre Locauity: Not cited.
Disrrisutrion: Cuba; introduced into the Bahamas.
430 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Selenicereus coniflorus (Weingart).
Cereus coniflorus Weingart, Monatssch. Kakteenk. 14: 118. 1904.
TYPE LOCALITY: Supposed to be Haiti.
DistrisuTIon: Known only from plant in cultivation.
Definitely known to us only from description.
Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.).
Cactus grandiflorus L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus grandiflorus Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no, 11, 1768.
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica; Vera Cruz.
Distrrispution: Jamaica, Cuba. Widely planted in tropical America and escaped
from cultivation.
Iuuusrrations: Trew, Pl. Ehret. pl. 37, 82; DC. Pl. Grass. pl. 52; Bot. Rep. 8: pl.
608; Bot. Mag. 62: pl. 8881; Descourt. F). Antill. pl. 65; Bot. Cab. 17: pl. 1625;
Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen. f. 37.
We accept Jamaica as the type locality.
Selenicereus hamatus (Scheidw. ).
Cereus hamatus Scheidw. Allg. Gartenz. 5: 371. 1837.
Cereus rostratus Lem. Cact. Nov. 29. 1838.
Type LocALity: Mexican.
DistrrBuTion: Southern Mexico.
ILLustratTion: Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. /. 7 (fruit).
Selenicereus hondurensis (Schum. ).
Cereus hondurensis Schum.; Weingart, Monatssch. Kakteenk. 14: 147. 1904.
Cereus kunthianus Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. 48. 1903, not Otto. 1850.
TYPE LOCALITY: Cultivated in Berlin Botanical Garden as from Honduras.
DistrisuTion: Known only in cultivation.
Selenicereus kunthianus (Otto).
Cereus kunthianus Otto; Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 217. 1850.
Surely not S. macdonaldiae.
Type LocALITy: Not given.
Disrripution: Only known in cultivation. Said to have come from Honduras.
Selenicereus macdonaldiae (Hook.). Piare LXNVI,
Cereus macdonaldiae Hook. Bot. Mag. 79: pl. 4707. 1853.
Type LocALity: Honduras.
Disrrinution: Honduras.
IuLusrration: Bot. Mag. loc. cit.; Planch. Fl. des Serres 9: pl. 896, 897.
. EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXVI.—Photograph of branch with fruit of a plant in the botanical
garden at Washington. Scale 3:
Selenicereus maxonii Rose, sp. noy.
Stems light green, but often becoming deep purple throughout, often 3 em. in
diameter; ribs 5 or 6, rather prominent but less so on the older branches; areoles
small, white; spines short, yellowish; reflexed bristles or hairs from the lower
part of the areoles several, white, longer than the spines; flowers noeturnal, 20 em.
long; sepals and bracts linear, greenish or brownish, sometimes nearly rose-colored;
petals white, rather broad; stamens numerous; style cream-colored, stout; tube
proper about 10 cm. long, bearing scattered short, linear bracts, the axils bearing
short white wool and long silky white hairs and white bristles; ovary similarly
clothed but with the bracts more closely set. This species has flowered twice in
cultivation (April and May, 1909).
Corte Nat Kot PLaTe LXXVI,
SELENICEREUS MACDONALDIAE (HOOK. BRITTON & ROSE.
BRITTON AND ROSE—-CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 431
Collected from the fibrous head of a palm (Thrinax sp.) about 8 meters high, near
Berraco, 8 miles east of Daiquiri, province of Oriente, Cuba, altitude about 90
meters, by William R. Maxon (no. 4024), April 13, 1907. Specimens of this
(07.330) have flowered twice in cultivation (April and May, 1909).
Type no. 535827 U. S. National Herbarium.
Selenicereus miravallensis (Weber).
Cereus miravallensis Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 459. 1902.
Type Locality: Volcano of Miravalles, Costa Rica, Central America
Disrripution: Known only from the type locality.
Selinicereus pringlei Rose, sp. nov.
Stout, high climber, yellowish green, sometimes darker green or purplish, strongly
ribbed; tip of stem and of leaves pinkish; ribs 6 or 7; areoles 1 to 1.5 mm. apart;
spines divaricate, at first yellow, in age white, acicular; radial spines 5 or 6; central
spine 1; bristles often 5, white; flowers white, about 20 em. long; sepals elongated,
linear, 3 to 4 mm. broad; petals white, shorter than the sepals, long-acuminate;
wool on flower buds, in axils of bracts, and on ovary brownish.
Collected by C. G. Pringle near Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico, April 3, 1899 (no.
7841, type); also obtained in the living state by J. N. Rose of J. A. McDowell in the
City of Mexico, but said to have come from the State of Vera Cruz, and again by
Dr. ©. A. Purpus near Consoquitla, Vera Cruz. The last two specimens are now
growing at Washington.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 342875.
Selenicereus pteranthus (Link & Otto).
Cereus pteranthus Link & Otto, Allg. Gartenz. 2: 209. 1834.
Cereus nycticalus Link, Ver. Bef. Gartenb. 10: 372. 1854,
Cereus brevispinulus Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 339, 1854.
Tyre LocaLity: In Mexico.
Distripution: Mexico.
IntustrATIoN: Ver. Bef. Gartenb. 10: pl. 4.
A common plant in conservatories.
Selenicereus spinulosus (DC.).
Cereus spinulosus DC. Mem. Mus. Paris 17: 117. 1828.
Typz LocaLity: Mexico.
DistrisuTion: Eastern Mexico.
Intustrations: Bliihende Kakteen pl. 53.
15. WEBEROCEREUS gen. nov.
Slender climbing cacti with angled stems and branches emitting aerial roots, the
areoles bearing a tuft of short wool and several weak acicular bristles; flowers pink
or rose-color, nocturnal, short-funnelform or funnelform-campanulate; ovary tuber-
cled, areolate, the areoles bearing weak filiform bristles or stiff hairs, the lower part
of the corolla-tube with a few similar areoles, the upper part with a few foliaceous
scales; outer perianth segments reflexed-spreading, blunt, linear-oblong, the inner
lanceolate, acutish or obtuse; stamens about as Jong as the style; stigmas few, linear;
fruit ‘‘elongated, spinose, yellow’’ (Schumann).
Type species Cereus tunilla Weber.
Weberocereus biolleyi (Weber).
Rhipsalis biolleyi Weber, Bull. Mus. Nat. 8: 467. 1902.
Cereus biolleyi Weber; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. 60. 1903.
Type LocaLrry: Vicinity of Port Limon, Costa Rica.
Disrrispution: Costa Rica, Central America.
482 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Weberocereus tunilla (Weber).
Cereus tunilla Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 460, 1902.
Cereus gonzalezii Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 460, 1902.
Type Locauiry: Near Tablon, southwest of Cartago, Costa Rica.
Distripution: Costa Rica, Central America.
16. WERCKLEOCEREUS gen. nov.
An elongated climbing cactus, the 3-angled or 4-angled branches emitting aerial
roots, the areoles bearing short circular bristles and a tuft of very short wool; flow-
ers nocturnal; corolla creamy-white, funnel-form, the tube nearly twice as long as
the limb; ovary and corolla tube bearing many areoles each with several nearly
black acicular bristles and a tuft of short black wool; outer perianth segments lanceo-
late, acutish, the inner broader; stamens many, bluntly pointed; style about as long
as the longer stamens, with several linear stigmas; berry globose, its apex umbili-
cate, citron-yellow, the flesh white, the seeds shining (according to Schumann).
Type species Cereus tonduzii Weber.
Werckleocereus tonduzii (Weber).
Cereus tonduzii Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 459, 1902.
Type LocaLiry: Copey, near Santa Maria de Dota, Costa Rica.
Distripution: Costa Rica, Central America.
17. ACANTHOCEREUS gen. nov.
Night-flowering cacti, with elongated, erect or reclining, 8 to 6-angled rootless
stems and large funnelform flowers; areoles of the stems distant from each other,
bearing a tuft of short wool and several stiff spines; ovary with several or many
areoles bearing wool and spines; corolla-tube green, cylindric, slender, expanded
only at the summit, bearing a few similar areoles subtended by a small scale, the
limb somewhat shorter than the tube, widely expanded; sepals narrowly lanceolate,
acuminate, green, shorter than the white petals; stamens shorter than the petals;
style very slender, divided at the apex into several linear stigmas; berry (according
to Schumann@) scaly and spiny, with a thick skin, red flesh, and numerous thick
black seeds.
Both Schumann and Berger regard this group as consisting of a single species,
while Pfeiffer recognized several. Plants cultivated in New York show great differ-
ences in the length of spines, one from Panama, collected by Cowell, having spines
of the stem only 6 mm. long or less, while those from Florida and Texas have spines
up to 2.5 cm. long, agreeing in this with herbarium specimens from Guadaloupe.
Type species Cactus pentagonus L.
Acanthocereus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger,
Acanthocereus pentagonus (L.).
Cactus pentagonus L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus pentagonus Haw.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 109. 1837,
Cereus acutangulus Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 107, 1837.
Cereus baxaniensis Karw.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 109. 1837.
Cereus ramosus Karw.; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 108. 1837.
Cereus princeps Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 108. 1837.
Cereus pellucidus Otto; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 108, 1837.
Cereus nitidus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed, 2. 212. 1850.
Cereus variabilis Engelm. Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist. 5: 205. 1845, not Pfeiff. 1837.
aGesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. 29.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 432
Cereus vasmeri Young, Fl. Texas 276. 1873.
Cereus dussti Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 89. 1899.
Cereus sinul Weber; Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 10: 384. 1904.
TYPE LOCALITY: America.
Distrisution: Southern Texas, south along the coast of Mexico to Costa Rica,
Central America; Florida Keys; Cuba; Guadeloupe.
IuLusTRATION: Engelm. loc. cit. pl. 60. f. 5, 6.
According to Salm-Dyck4 this is Cactus pentagonus L. = Cereus pentagonus (L.)
Haw., and this view is supported by Weber.
18. LEPTOCEREUS gen. nov.
Stems diffusely branching; branches slender, usually with 6 prominent thin ribs,
so far as known not giving off roots; spines slender, similar; flowers diurnal(?),
small; calyx tube short; stamens and style included; ovary and fruit very spiny.
Type species Cereus assurgens Griseb., as also of A. Berger’s subgenus Leptocereus.
Leptocereus assurgens ((riseb. ).
Cereus assurgens Griseb, Cat. Pl. Cub. 116. 1866.
Type LocALity: Western Cuba.
Distripution: Cuba.
ILLusTRATION: Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 33; Hartmann, loc. cit.
The following species referred to Cereus when better known may be found to be-
long to Leptocereus:
CEREUS QUADRICosTATUS Bello, Ann. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat. 10: 276. 1881.
TyPE LocaALiItTy: Porto Rico.
Distrisution: Porto Rico.
19. HELIOCEREUS gen. nov.
Stems usually weak, procumbent or climbing over rocks and bushes, in cultivation
often erect; branches strongly angled, giving off roots irregularly; ribs usually 3 or 4,
sometimes 7; spines of all areoles similar; flowers diurnal, large for the size of the
plant, only one from an areole, usually scarlet; tube short but definite; petals elon-
gated; stamens numerous, declined; ovary spiny.
Type species Cactus speciosus Cav.
Heliocereus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger, whose name we
have adopted.
Heliocereus amecaensis (Heese).
Cereus ainecaensis Heese; Rother, Praktischer Ratgeb. 11: 442. 1896.
Type LocaLity: Iztaccihuatl near Amecameca, Mexico,
DistRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION: Heese, loc. cit.
Heliocereus coccineus (Salin-Dyck).
Cereus coccineus Salm-Dyck; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 122. 1837.
TYPE LocALItTy: Mexico.
DisrrispuTion: Mexico.
ILLUsTRATION: Pfeiff. & Otto, Abb. u. Besch. 1: pl. 15.
a Cact. Hort. Dyck 49.
b Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 457.
434 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Heliocereus schrankii (Zucc. ).
Cereus schrankii Zace.; Seitz, Allg. Gartenz. 2: 244. 1834.
TYPE LocaALiry: Mexico.
Distripution: Mexico.
ILLusTRATION: Pfeiff. & Otto, Abb. u. Beschr. 2: pl. 27.
Heliocereus speciosus (Cav. ).
Cactus speciosus Cay. Anal. Cienc. Nat. Madrid 6: 339. 1803.
Cactus speciosissimus Desf. Mem, Mus. Paris 3: 193. 1817.
Cereus bifrons Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suce. 76. 1819.
Cereus speciosissimus DC. Prod. 3: 468. 1828.
Cereus speciosus Schum. in Pflanzenfam. 3°: 179. 1894.
TypPe LocaLity: Mexico.
DisrripuTion: Mexico. :
IuLustrations: Colla, Hort. Ripul. pl. 10; Mem. Mus. Paris loc. cit. pl. 9, Bot.
Reg. 6: pl. 486; Bot. Mag. 49: pl. 2306; Herb. Amat. pl. 891; Bot. Cab. pl. 924;
Reichenb. Fl. Exot. pl. 780; Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 36.
20. WILCOXIA gen. nov.
Stems usually low and weak from a cluster of fleshy roots, slender, more or less
branched, the branches often only 1 cm. or less in diameter; ribs few and low;
spines of all the areoles similar; flowers diurnal, large for the size of the plant, only
one from an areole; tube rather short, its areoles bearing spines and wool]; ovary and
fruit with spines at the areoles; seeds black, the aril large, basal.
Two species from the United States and Mexico.
Type species Cereus poselyeri (Lem.) Coult.
The type species has been included in Echinocereus, but its habit is very unlike
that of any species of that genus. The second species has been considered an
anomalus Cereus. The two seem to form a well defined group and are therefore
brought together under the above generic name.
The genus is named for Brig. Gen. Timothy EK. Wileox, U. 8S. A., retired, who
has been an enthusiastic student of plants for many years.
Wilcoxia poselgeri (Lem.).
Echinocereus poselgert Lem. Cact. 57. 1868.
Echinocereus tuberosus Rimpl; Forst. Handb, Cact. ed. 2. 783. 1886.
Cereus tuberosus Poselg. Allg. Gartenz. 21: 135. 18538, not Pfeiff. knum. Cact. 1837.
Cereus poselgerit Coult. Centr. Nat. Herb. 3: 398. 1896.
Type Loca.iry: Not given.
Distripution: Southern Texas and Coahuila.
ILLustRAtTIons: Engelm. Cact. Mex. Bound. pl. 59. f. 12; Bliuhende Kakteen p/. 38,
Wilcoxia striata (Brandegee).
Cereus striatus Brandegee, Zoe 2: 19. 1891.
Cereus diguetti Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1: 318. 1895.
Typr Locatity: ‘‘San José del Cabo,’’ Lower California.
DisrrisutTion: Lower California and Sonora.
21. APOROCACTUS Lem. Ill. Hortic. 7: misc. 67. 1860.
Plants slender, vine-like creeping or clambering, sending out aerial roots freely;
flowers rather small, one from an areole, slender, irregular, bright red, bent above
the ovary; filaments inserted near the base of the tube, somewhat exserted; fruit
globose, small, reddish, setose; seeds few, reddish brown, obovate.
Type species Cactus flagelliformis 1.
Aporocactus was considered a subgenus of Cereus by A. Berger under this name.
BRITTON AND ROSE—CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 435
Aporocactus flagelliformis (L.) Lem. Ill. Hortic. 7: misc. 68, 1860.
Cactus flagelliformis L. Sp. Pl. 467. 1753.
Cereus flagelliformis Mill. Gard, Dict. ed. 8. no. 12. 1768.
Type Locauity: In South America.
DistriputTion: Mexico. Reported from Jamaica, but not found there by recent
collectors.
IuLusrrations: Trew, Pl. Ehret. pl. 30; Bot. Mag. 1: pl. 17. DC. Pl. Grass. pl.
127; Baill. Hist. Pl. 9: f. 52, 58.
Aporocactus flagriformis (Zucc.) Lem.
Cereus flagriformis Zuce. Cat. Cact. Monac. 1836.
Type LocaLity: San Jose de l’Oro, Oaxaca.
Distripution: Mexico,
Intusrration: Pfeiff. & Otto, Abb. u. Besch. 1: pl. 12.
Aporocactus leptophis (DC. ).
Cereus leptophis DC. Mem. Mus. Paris 17: 117. 1828.
Cereus flagelliformis leptophis Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 143. 1899.
Type Locauity: ‘In Mexico.”
Distrinution: Mexico.
InLustration: DC, Mem. Cact. pl. 12.
22. BERGEROCACTUS gen. nov.
A low, much-branched, day-blooming cactus, with spreading or ascending stout,
cylindric, low-ribbed stems and branches, the areoles close together, bearing many
yellow acicular radiating spines, those of contiguous areoles interlocking, one spine
usually much longer than the others; corolla short-funnelform, greenish yellow, the
rather widely expanding limb as long as the tube or longer; ovary densely covered
with areoles bearing short brownish wool and acicular spines; corolla tube with a
few similar distant areoles; sepals narrowly obovate, obtuse; petals obtuse, little
longer than the stamens; style, including the linear stigmas, about as long as the
stamens; fruit globose, densely spiny; seeds obovate.
Type species Cereus emoryi Kngelm.
Bergerocereus emoryi (Engelm.).
Cereus emoryi Engelm, Am. Journ, Sci. II. 14: 338. 1852.
Echinocereus emoryi Rimpl. Forst. Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 804. 1886.
Type Locauiry: ‘‘About the boundary line’”’ of California and Lower California.
Distrisution: Southern California and Lower California.
Intusrration: Engelm. Cact. Mex. Bound. pl. 60. f. 1-4.
23. ECHINOCEREUS Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. Tour North. Mex. 91. 1848.
Always low plants, erect or prostrate, single or cespitose, globular to shortly
cylindric; spines on flowering and sterile areoles similar; flower large, diurnal;
corolla short-funnelform, scarlet or purple, rarely yellow, the tube and ovary spiny;
stigmas always green; seeds black, tuberculate.
Type species Echinocereus viridiflorus.
Professor Schumann recognizes 38 species in this genus, but more than 125 species
and varieties have been proposed. The species of this genus will be treated in a later
publication.
SPECIES OF UNKNOWN GENERIC RELATIONSHIP.
Cereus aragoni Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 456. 1902.
Type Locauity: In Costa Rica.
DistrisutTion: Costa Rica, Central America.
Ovary and fruit scaly. As indicated by Berger, perhaps a Lemaireocereus.
436 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cereus beneckei Ehrenb. Bot. Zeit. 2: 835. 1844.
Cereus farinosus Haage; Salm-Dyck, Allg. Gartenz. 18: 355. 1845.
Type Locauity: Probably Mexico.
DistRiBuTION: Central Mexico.
ILLUSTRATION: Schum, Gesamth. Kakteen f. 22.
Flowers and fruit unknown.
Cereus conformis Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. ed. 2. 203. 1850.
Only known from description. Collected by Ehrenberg in Mexico in 1840.
Cereus ghiesbreghtii Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 81. 1899,
TyPE LocaLity: Mexico.
Disrripution: Mexico.
ILLUSTRATION: Schum. loc. cit. /. 76.
The plant in the New York collection looks a little like a small Cephalocereus, and
Schumann’s figure is not against this view.
Cereus longicaudatus Weber; (Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 10: 384. 1904;
TYPE LocALity: Near Mesquititlan, Mexico.
Flowers and fruit undescribed.
This species is undoubtedly the same as Cereus rayans Brandegee. Both were
published in 1904.
Cereus mamillatus Engelm.; Coult. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 405. 1896,
Type Locauity: ‘ Mountain sides, south of Moleje, Lower California.”
Disrripution: Known only from the type locality.
This is probably an Echinocereus.
Cereus martianus Zucc. Flora 15: beibl. 66, 1832.
TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico.
DistripuTion: Southern Mexico.
Intustrations: Bot. Mag. 66: pl. 3768; Berger, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16:
pl. 12. f. 1; Bliihende Kakteen p/. 65.
We agree with Mr. Berger in excluding this from Aporocactus, but we do not
know its fruit.
Cereus paniculatus (Lam.) DC. Prod. 3: 366. 1828.
Cactus paniculatus Lam. Eneyel. 1: 540. 1783.
Type LocaLity: Santo Domingo.
ILLUstRATION: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann pl. 792.
Not referred by Schumann. Illustrated and described as a 4-angled upright species.
Cereus plumieri Gosselin, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 668. 1907,
Cereus napoleonis Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. 117. 1837, not Graham. 1836.
Type Locauiry: West Indies.
Disrrisution: West Indies.
ILLustRAtIONs: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann p/. 199. fig. 2.
Perhaps an Acanthocereus.
Cereus repandus (L.) Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 183. 1812, not Mill. 1768.
Cactus repandus L. Sp. RJ. 467. 1753.
Tyre Locatrry: Curacao [South America] (according to L. Hort. Cliff. ).
From description clearly a Cephalocereus. Willdenow @ refers to this a Jamaica
species, which is doubtfully correct. The plant taken by Schumann as C. repandus
is Harrisia. U
‘rt
BRITTON AND ROSE—-CEREUS AND ITS ALLIES. 437
Cereus rigidissimus Muhlenpf. Allg. Gartenz. 16: 12. 1842, not Lem. 1840.
Said to have come from Mexico, but we know it only from description.
Cereus testudo.
This is a plant recently collected by Dr. C. A. Purpus in the State of Vera Cruz,
Mexico. It is said¢ to be a parasitic species, in habit resembling C. wittii, but the
material in our possession does not enable us to determine its relationship. As far as
we can learn, it has not been formally published.
Cereus vagans K. Brandegee, Zoe 5: 191. 1904.
Type LocALITy: Mazatlan, Mexico.
Cereus viperinus Weber; Gosselin, Bull. Mus. Paris 10: 385. 1904.
Type LocaLity: Zapotitlan, Mexico.
Cereus weingartianus Hartm. Monatssch. Kakteenk. 14: 155, 1904.
Type LocaLity: Hayti.
Distrisution: Known only from the type plant.
Flowers and fruit unknown.
Cereus wercklei Weber, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 460. 1902.
Type LocaLity: Cerro Mogote, near Miravalles, Costa Rica.
Disrrisution: Known only from the type locality.
Pilocereus albisetosus (Haw ) Schum. Gesamtb. Kakteen 196, 1899.
Cereus albisetosus Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 77. 1819.
TYPE LocaLity: ‘‘ Domingo.”’
Described as a trailing, white-spined, 5-angled species. Evidently not a Cepha-
locereus.
Pilocereus fimbriatus (Lam.) Lem. Rey. Hortic. 1862: 427. 1862.
Cactus fimbriatus Lam. Encyel. 1: 539. 1783.
Cereus fimbriatus DC. Prod. 3: 464. 1828.
Cereus serruliflorus Haw. Phil. Mag. 1830: 109, 1830.
Type LocaLity: Santo Domingo.
DistriBuTion: Santo Domingo.
Intustration: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann pl. 195. f. 1.
Although admitted to Pilocereus by Lemaire, the form of the flower as shown in
the illustration, as also the serrate inner petals, does not make this disposition of it
satisfactory, although the style is exserted. The spines are said to be ‘‘setaceous”’
and the illustration shows them so.
Pilocereus grandispinus (Haw.) Lem. Rey. Hortic. 1862: 427. 1862.
Cereus grandispinus Haw. Phil. Mag. 1830: 109. 1830.
TYPE LocALITY: Santo Domingo.
Disrripution: Santo Domingo,
ILLusTRATION: Plumier, Pl. Am. ed. Burmann p/. 195. f. 2; Descourt. Fl. Antill.
pl. 419, as Cactus fimbriatus.
Not a Cephalocerens.
4 Monatsschr, Kakteenk, 18: 15, 1908.
PLATE LXXVIL.
ECHEVERIA BIFURCATA Rose.
Plate LXXVIII.
ECHEVUERIA TRIANTHINA ROSE
FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CRASSULACEAE FROM MEXICO,
By J. N. Rose.
No other group of flowering plants make in general such unsatis-
factory herbarium specimens as do the Crassulaceae when treated in the
usual way. In some species the stem leaves drop off easily, and in
nearly all they will gradually detach themselves unless specially
treated. Some species will grow in the herbarium for months, taking
on abnormal shapes and gradually becoming dismembered. In nearly
every case it is best to prepare herbarium specimens by plunging the
entire plant or its parts into boiling water, in some cases allowing
the material to remain seyeral minutes. In this way the tissues
are killed and the plant dries readily. By this treatment, how-
ever, the shape of the leaves is destroyed, and in the case of the thick
terete leaves some very important characters are lost. Indeed, it
seems almost impossible to identify some of the older species even with
the type‘in hand. Owing to the great number of species recently
described from Mexico, and the indications that many more are to be
described, it seems highly desirable that the habit and foliage especially
should be shown either by photographs or by drawings. In my own
work I shall try in the future to photograph all new species which are
described from living material.
The present paper contains descriptions of some miscellaneous new
species, all of which are accompanied by full-page illustrations.
Echeveria bifurcata Rose, sp, noy. Piate LXXVIT.
Caulescent, usually forming a simple rosette of leaves; basal leaves lanceolate,
acuminate, rather bright green, apparently never coloring very much, 5 to 7 em.
long, 10 to 15 mm. broad, deeply concave on the face; flowering stem 20 cm. long,
leafy to the base, the leaves green and not at all glaucous, semiterete, acute, 3 to 5
em. long; inflorescence 2-branched, each branch a secund raceme 8 to 12 em. long;
pedicels almost wanting; sepals spreading at right angles to the corolla, very unequal,
acute; corolla 10 to 12 mm. long, bright red above, paler below.
Collected by J. N. Rose near Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, July, 1905, and flowered in
Washington in July, 1906.
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no. 454971.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX XVII.—From a photograph of a greenhouse plant. Scale }.
Echeveria trianthina Rose, sp. nov. Prare LXXVITT,.
Acaulescent, giving off rosettes freely; basal leaves numerous, deep purple and
mucronate when young, becoming greenish and losing the mucro, oblanceolate, 6
to 12 em. long, 10 to 18 mm. broad, very thick, rounded below, concave above;
85408—voL 12, pr 10—09—3 439
440 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
flowering stem 30 to 40 em. long, naked below; stem leaves narrow, terete or semi-
terete, acute, 2 to 8 cm. long, erect or ascending; inflorescence at first strongly
reflexed, usually 2-branched near the top, rarely 3-branched or simple, the branches
8 to 10cm. long; pedicels very short, 2 to 3mm. long, only a little elongating in
age; sepals unequal, deflexed in anthesis, but later spreading at right angles to the
corolla, terete, acute; corolla buds ovate, acute; corolla pink; carpels distinct.
Described from specimens sent by Dr. C. A. Purpus from the Rio de Tolantango,
Hidalgo, in 1904, which flowered in Washington November, 1905,
Type U. 8. National Herbarium no, 399673.
ISXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXVIII.—From photograph of a greenhouse plant. Scale yy.
Sedum allantoides Rose, sp. nov. Puate LXXIX.
Perennial, perhaps in native state woody at base, somewhat branching below, 20
to 30 em. high, rather weak, sometimes reclining below; leaves closely set, above
somewhat scattered, standing almost at right angles to the stem, alternating, very
turgid, terete in cross-section, clavate or somewhat bowed, 20 to 45 mm. long, 8 to 12
mm, in diameter, rounded at apex, somewhat narrowed at base, very pale and
glaucous; branches terminating in panicles, the lower subdivisions of these axillary,
their flowers in small cymes; calyx deeply cleft; sepals nearly equal, ovate, acute,
widely spreading, 6 mm. long; petals widely spreading, 7 to 8 mm. long, lanceolate,
acute, greenish white, sometimes tinged with pink; stamens 10; anthers pink; scale
large, white, notched; ovaries 5, erect, white; styles rather short.
Collected by Dr. C. A. Purpus on hills near San Luis, Oaxaca, altitude 2,100 to
2,400 meters, in 1907 (no. 417) and flowered in Washington in January, 1909.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 574992.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX XIX.—From a photograph of a greenhouse plant. Scale 75.
I ig g§ I 1
Sedum compressum Rose, sp. noy. Pirate LXXX,
Perennial, more or less prostrate and rooting at the nodes, the flowering branches
erect or ascending, glabrous; leaves closely set, spreading at right angles to the stem,
glabrous, glaucous, flat, spatulate to oblanceolate, 2.5 to 3m. long, 10 to 12 mm.
broad, with an ovate, acute tip; inflorescence cymose, consisting of 2 or 3 secund
racemes; calyx cleft nearly or quite to the base, the lobes ovate to lanceolate, some-
what unequal; corolla bright yellow; petals distinct, spreading, 7 to 8 mm. long,
lanceolate, acute; stamens 10, the 5 alternating with the petals distinct, the other 5
borne on the base of the subtending petals; scale small, flat; carpels at first erect
with long attenuate tips.
Collected by Dr. Ek. Palmer in a canyon near Victoria, Tamaulipas, April, 1907,
and flowered in Washington, November 20, 1907, January, 1909.
Type U.S. National Herbarium no. 573870,
The species closely resembles Sedum palmeri but I have grown the two species
together and find that they are easily distinguished. S. compressum tlowered some-
what earlier; the leaves are smaller and have a very decided acute tip.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LX XX.—From a photograph of a greenhouse plant. Seale 47
1s"
Villadia levis Rose, sp. nov. , PLate LX XXI,
Stems usually erect, 830 to 50 em. high, more or less branched, glabrous; leaves
narrow, nearly terete, 2 to 3 cm. long, acute, spreading, often forming small rosettes
along the lower part of the stem, and there somewhat angled; inflorescence an elon-
gated leafy spike; sepals thick, ovate; corolla buds strongly angled, the angles granu-
_late-roughened: corolla spreading, yellowish brown, the lobes ovate; scales large,
orange-colored; style branches slender.
Collected by J. N. Rose near Santa Catarina, Oaxaca, September 7, 1906, (no.
11365) and flowered in Washington in 1908 and 1909.
IKXPLANATION OF PLATE LX XXI.—From a photograph of a greenhouse plant. Scale ‘5.
on
Contr. Nat. Herb. Vol XI PLATE LXXIX.
SEDUM ALLANTOIDES ROSE.
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SUPPLEMENT TO THE MONOGRAPH OF THE NORTH AMERICAN
UMBELLIFERAE, *
By Jonn M. Courter and J, N. Ross.
INTRODUCTION.
In 1888 we published the Revision of this family, and in 1900 our
Monograph appeared. Since the latter publication enough material
has accumulated to justify a short Supplement. Itis to be remem-
bered that the area covered is North America north of Mexico. This
Supplement includes a record of all new species described since 1900 .
and of all transfers made by others which have seemed to us justifi-
able; descriptions of two new genera and six new species; the entry
of a well-established introduced species; certain transfers which have
seemed to us necessary; and a bibliography for the period since 1900.
We have not included all changes that have been proposed, either
because our material does not warrant an opinion, or because they do
not seem to us to be justified. It is to be understood, therefore, that
we have made no changes in the names used in the Monograph except
as they are indicated in this Supplement.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
The following citations include all publications of new species and
varieties, within our range, since the appearance of the Monograph;
and also the transfers from one genus to another in so far as they
seem to us to be justified :
Biankixsuip, J. W. Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. Studies 1: 89-94. 1906, Six species.
Busu, B. F. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 12: 57-63. 1902. Three species.
Emer, A. D. E. Bot. Gaz. 41: 312. 1906. One species.
Jones, Marcus E. Contributions to Western Botany .12: 16-42, 1908. One hun-
dred species.
Mackenzikr, Kennera K. Torreya 3: 158, 159. 1903. One species.
Netson, AveN. Bull. Torr. Club 28: 223-227. 1901. Four species,
OsterHout, GeorGE E. Bull. Torr. Club. 30: 236. 1903. One species.
OsterHouT, GrorGE E. Bull. Torr. Club. 31: 358. 1904. One species.
OsterHout, GeorGe E. Muhlenbergia 5: 36. 1909. One species.
«The family name Apiaceae has been in general use in the Contributions, but we
have retained the name Umbelliferae on account of the relation of this paper to the
two preceding ones. Under the Vienna rules, it is made an exception to the rule for
the formation of family names.
441
442 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Piper, C. V. Bull. Torr. Club 29: 223, 224. 1902. Two varieties.
Piper, C. V. Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 423. 1906. One species.
Ross, J. N. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 29: 441, 442. 1905. One species.
Rosg, J. N. Proce. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 96. 1906. One species.
Ryppera, P. A. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 284-293. 1900. Two species.
RypperG, P. A. Bull. Torr. Club 31: 573-575. 1904. Four species.
RypperG, P. A. Bull. Torr. Club 33: 147. 1906. Three species.
Smai, J. K. Fl Southeast. U. S. 856-876. 1903. Three species.
Suxsporr, W. N. Allg. Bot. Zeitsch. 12: 5, 6. 1906. Two species.
GENERA AND SPECIES.
HYDROCOTYLE L. Sp. Pl. 234. 1753.
Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxb. Hort. Beng. 21. 1814.
This species is native of Tropical Asia and Africa. It is grown in many places as
a carpet plant under the name of Sibthorpia europea and is now an escape in a few
places in this country. It was observed a number of years ago by J. N. Rose in
Washington, where it now appears every year in the grounds about the National
Museum; again in lawns in West Chester, Pennsylvania, by F. Wendle; and more
recently at Louisville, Kentucky, by H. Garman, who states that it is a pest ina
cemetery there. For further comment see Bailey’s Cyclopedia of American Horti-
culture.
ERYNGIUM L. Sp. Pl. 232. 1753.
Dr. J. K. Small has described the following species, which is closely
related to AL diffusum:
Eryngium compactum Small, Fi. Southeast, U. 8. 865, 1903.
SANICULA L. Sp. Pl. 235. 1753.
Sanicula serpentina I ]mer, Bot. Gaz, 41: 312. 1906,
We have not seen this species, which comes from California.
Sanicula tripartita Suksdorft, Allg. Bot. Zeit. 12:5. 1906.
We have not seen this species, which comes from Washington.
CHAEROPHYLLUM L. Sp. Pl. 258. 1753.
Mr. B. F. Bush has prepared a most excellent monograph of this
genus, which was published in the Transactions of the Academy of
Science of St. Louis.
His key to the species is as follows:
ee Na *
Leaves coarsely divided. Northern species.
Fruit beaked, smooth; ribs narrow ......-.------------------ 1. CL procumbens.
Fruit beakless, pubescent; ribs narrow ...--.---------------- 2. C. shortti.
Leaves finely divided. Southern species.
Fruit beakless, smooth; ribs broad .............-.----------- 3. C. teranum.
Fruit beaked, pubescent; ribs broad..............----------- 4. C. dasycarpum.
Fruit beaked, smooth.
Ribs thicker than the intervals..........2.....-----+---- 5. C. tuinturieri.
Ribs narrower than the intervals.
Base of fruit broad, obtuse........-. Lee eee eee 6. C. floridanum.
Base of fruit narrow, acute.............------------- 7. C. reflecum.
COULTER AND ROSE—-NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE, 443
A new species was published by him and two varieties were raised
to specific rank, as follows:
Chaerophyllum floridanum (C. & R.) Bush, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 12: 62.
1902.
Chaerophyllum reflexum Bush, loc. cit.
Chaerophyllum shortii (T. & G.) Bush, op. cit. 59.
WASHINGTONIA Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 2: 176. 1818.
Washingtonia longistylis villicaulis (Fernald) C. & R.
Osmorhiza longistylis villicaulis Fernald, Rhodora 10: 52, 1908.
MUSINEON Raf. Journ. Phys. 91: 71. 1820.
Musineon pedunculatum Nelson, Bull. Torr. Club 28: 225, 1901.
Musineon vaginatum Rydberg, Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 288. 1900.
BUPLEURUM lL. Sp. Pl. 236, 1753.
Bupleurum purpureum Blankinship, Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. Studies 1: 89. pl. 3.
1905.
This species is said by Blankinship to differ from B. americanum in its low sub-
acaulescent habit, shorter leaves, wider obtuse involucel bractlets, smaller heads,
smaller dark purple flowers, and shorter mericarp with fewer oil tubes in the inter-
vals, and in its alpine habitat.
ZIZIA Koch, Nov. Act. Caes. Leop. Acad. 12: 128. 1824.
The following species of Zizia from Georgia has been described
since the publication of our Monograph:
Zizia arenicola Rose, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 29: 442. 1905.
CARUM L. Sp. Pl. 263. 1753.
Carum montanum Blankinship, Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. Studies 1: 89. pl. 4. 1906.
According to Blankinship it differs from C. gairdneri in its larger size, larger leaves,
pinnately incised leaflets, large fruit, and longer styles.
Carum garrettii A. Nelson, sp. nov.
From a fascicle of fusiform roots, 60 to 100 cm. high; stem stouter than that of C.
gairdneri; leaves simply pinnate or the uppermost simple, on long petioles gradually
dilated into the broad base; leaflets from narrowly to broadly lanceolate or oblanceo-
late, or even ovate, 2 to 6 em. long, from sessile to long-petioled; bracts 1 or 2;
bractlets several, small, subulate; rays 6 to 12, 2 to 4.cm. long; raylets about 20, the
pedicels very slender, less than 1 cm, long; fruit ovate, about 2 mm. long; stylo-
podium low-conical; oil tubes very large, filling the whole interval, only two on the
narrow commissure; seed terete but for the depressions below each oil tube.
All the specimens were secured by Mr. A. O. Garrett, of the Salt Lake City High
School; no, 2053 (in fruit), Wasatch Mountains, Utah, September 6, 1906 (type) ;
no. 2158 (in flower), City Creek Canyon, Utah, July 25, 1907.. Mr. Garrett is grow-
ing the species in his garden and reports that it retains the characters as given above.
Type in the Rocky Mountain Herbarium, Laramie, Wyo. Photographs and frag-
ments of type in the National Herbarium (no. 506631).
444 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
HARPERELLA Rose, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 96. 1906.
HarperiA Rose, Proc. Nat. Mus. 29: 441. 1905, not Fitzgerald, 1904.
This genus has been described since the publication of our Mono-
graph, and is represented by the following species from Georgia and
Alabama:
Harperella nodosa Rose, Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash. 19: 96. 1906.
ALETES C. & R. Rev. N. Am. Umbell. 27. 1888.
Aletes obovata Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 81: 573. 1904.
PTILIMNIUM Rat. Am. Month. 4: 192. 1819.
DiscopLeuRA DC, Mém. Ombell. 38. 1829.
Ptilimnium costatum. (Ell.) ©. & R.
Ammi costatum Ell. Bot. 8. C. & Ga. 11350, 1821.
Discopleura capillacea costata DC. Mém, Ombell. 89. pl. 8.7. B. 1829.
Discopleura costata Chap. Fl. South. U.S. 162. 1860.
Stems stout and erect, 120 to 150 em. high, 1 em. in diameter, hollow, strongly
fluted; leaves long-petioled, somewhat rigid, finely dissected, the segments verv nu-
merous, crowded, and appearing verticillate; peduncles short and stout, 10 em. long
or less; involucral bracts simple or deeply cleft; involucel bractlets linear, entire,
short; umbels few, large; rays 4 cm, long; pedicels 7 mm. long; flowers autumnal,
white; fruit ovate, 4 to5 mm. long, the dorsal and intermediate ribs prominent;
style slender, much longer than the prominent stylopodia.
“Swamps along the margin of the Ogeechee River,’? Georgia (type locality), and
swamps near Wilmington, North Carolina.
When the Monograph was written, our only material of this form consisted of
flowering specimens from G. MeCarthy, collected in swamps near Wilmington,
North Carolina, and attention was called to the stouter habit and the leaf characters
in which it differed from P. capillaceum. Edwin B. Bartram has now sent us
fruiting material from Wilmington which confirms Elliott’s statement as to its
autumnal habit and larger fruit with more prominent ribs. Mr, Bartram’s letter is
as follows:
In your Monograph of the Umbelliferae I notice a reference to aspecies of Ptilim-
nium from Wilmington, North Carolina, that had not at that time been collected
in good fruiting condition. While collecting in this region last fall, 1 noted this
plant with particular interest and was fortunate in securing one head with mature
fruit. The plants I observed had finely dissected, rather rigid leaves, and stout hol-
low stems about 1 em. in diameter at the base and averaged about 12 dm. in height.
It seems to be very distinet from P. capillaceum of the coastal plain, and the long
recurved styles as well as the size and shape of the fruit and general habit rather
suggest some specific if not generic distinetion.
Ptilimnium missouriense ©. & R. sp. noy,
Stems stout, 60 to 90 cm. high, somewhat fluted; leaves short-petioled, finely dis-
sected; peduncles 16 em. long or less; involucral bracts simple or cleft, linear or with
linear lobes; involucel bractlets linear, entire; rays 10 to 35, nearly equal in each
umbel, 2 to5 cm, long; pedicels 3 to 8 mm. long; flowers autumnal, white; calyx teeth
acute, prominent but shorter than the stylopodium; fruit broadly ovate, 2 to 3 mm.
long; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform; stylopodia prominent; styles long, slender,
Collected by George W. Lettermann at Allenton, Missouri, August 27, 1878 (type),
and by B. F. Bush in Butler County, Missouri, October 16, 1905 (no. 3709).
Type in U. 8. National Herbarium no, 140648.
This species has been distributed as P. nuttallii, but its very different fruit justifies
our giving it specific rank.
uh
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol, XII.
LIGUSTICELLA EASTWOODAE C. & R.
PLaTe LXXXII.
-
COULTER AND ROSE—NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE, 445
Ptilimnium texense C. «& R. sp. nov.
Stems slender, erect, 70 to 90 em. high, somewhat branching near the top; leaves
short-petioled, finely dissected, the segments numerous and filiform; peduncles slen-
der, 10 em. long or less; involucral bracts numerous, 3-parted, the lobes linear;
involucel bractlets linear, entire; rays about 20, nearly equal, 4 em. long; pedicels
6 to 8 mm. long; flowers autumnal, white; calyx teeth large; fruit oblong, 2 mm.
long; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform; stylopodia prominent, crowned by the
short styles.
Collected by F. W. Thurow, near Hockley, Texas, September, 1890.
Type U.S. National Museum no. 41256.
A reexamination of this material has convinced us that this is a good species, com-
bining, as stated in the Monograph, the cleft involucral bracts, characteristic fruit
ribs, and shorter styles of P. capillacewm with the stouter habit, smaller fruit, and
larger calyx teeth of P. nuttalli’.
LIGUSTICUM L. Sp. Pl. 250. 1753.
The following species has been segregated from £4. sémulans
C. & R34
Ligusticum affine A. Nelson, Bull. Torr, Club 28: 225. 1901.
LIGUSTICELLA ©. & R. gen. nov.
Calyx teeth evident; fruit ovate, flattened laterally, glabrous; carpel with filiform
ribs, the laterals no more prominent than the dorsals; stylopodium conical; oil tubes
2 or 3in the intervals, 4 on the commissural side; seed considerably broader than
thick, with nearly plane face.
Low, glabrous, acaulescent perennials, with small, simply pinnate leaves, no
involucre (rarely 1 or 2 caducous bracts), involucels of broad, toothed bractlets, and
yellowish green flowers in few-rayed, compact umbels.
The genus is founded on Ligusticum eastwoodae C. & R., and differs from Ligusticum
in its acaulescent habit, simply pinnate leavex, smatl and compact few-rayed umbels,
yellowish flowers, and equal filiform ribs of the fruit. It resembles Orumbella in
habit and foliage; but that genus has a conspicuous involucre, prominently ribbed
fruit, and purple flowers. Furthermore, Orumbella is an Alaskan coast plant, while
Ligusticella is a high alpine plant of Colorado.
Ligusticella eastwoodae C. & R. PLate LXNXNIT.
Ligusticum eastwoodae C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb, 3: 320. pl. 13. 1895.
High mountains of Colorado.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXII.—Plant; a, fruiting umbel; }, dorsal view of carpel: ¢, cross
section of carpel. Plant naturai size: @, natural size; b, scale 5: ¢, scale 11.
ORUMBELLA C. « R. gen. nov.
Calyx teeth small, but evident; fruit shortly oblong, flattened laterally, glabrous;
earpel with prominent ribs, the lateral ones slightly broader; stylopodium conical;
oil tubes 2 or 3 in the intervals, 2 to 4 on the commissural side; seed with round back
and plane face.
Low, glabrous, acaulescent perennials, with small, simply pinnate leaves, con-
spicuous involucre, involucels of narrow bractlets, and purple flowers in few-rayed
umbels.
The genus is founded on Ligusticum macounii C. & R., and differs from Lizusticum
in.its acaulescent habit, simply pinnate leaves, conspicuous involucre, small few-
rayed umbels, and minor differences in the fruit.
The name Orumbella refers to the coastal habitat of the plant.
aContr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7: 135. 1900.
446 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
Orumbella macounii C. & R.
Ligusticum macounii C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 289. pi. 23. 1893.
Only known from Cape Vancouver, Alaska.
CONIOSELINUM Hoffm. Gen. Umb. NX VIII. 1814.
Conioselinum scopulorum (Gray) C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 151. 1900.
Contoselinum coloradense Osterhout, Muhlenbergia 5: 36. 1909,
Mr. George EF. Osterhout has proposed a new species of Conioselinum which we
are unable to separate from C. scopulorum.
ANGELICA L. Sp. Pl. 250, 1753.
Angelica dilatata A. Nelson, sp. noy.
Glabrous, one-half to one meter high; lower leaves ternate, then pinnate; the
upper nearly simply pinnate, with greatly dilated petioles, sometimes the uppermost
reduced to the dilated petiole or the petiole tipped with a diminutive biternate leaf;
leaflets broadly obovate to ovate, glaucous beneath, nearly or quite sessile, obscurely
and somewhat irregularly serrate, or rarely with a basal lobe on one side; the
dilated petioles 10 to 20 em. long, 5 to 6 em. broad when spread out; umbel about
30-rayed, the involucre wanting or represented by 1 or 2 more or less conspicuous
bracts; involucels none; rays 5 to 8 cm. long, nearly or quite glabrous; fruit oblong-
elliptic, obscurely and sparsely hirsute, less than 5 mm. long; lateral wings broader
than the low dorsal and intermediate ones; oil tubes solitary in all the intervals;
pedicels unequal, usually much longer than the fruits.
Collected by A. O, Garrett near mountain streams in City Creek Canyon, Salt Lake
City, Utah, July 25, 1907, no. 2127; fruiting specimens same station in 1908.
Most nearly allied to A. kingii (Wats.) C. & R., which differs in being an aquatic,
with narrower leaflets, with only 5 to 10 rays, and with pedicels and fruit subequal.
Type in Rocky Mountain Herbarium, Laramie, Wyoming; fragments and photo-
graph in U.S. National Herbarium.
PHELLOPTERUS Nutt. in Torr. & Gr, Fl. 1: 623. 1840.
Phellopterus camporum Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 81: 574. 1904.
We have not seen this species.
AULOSPERMUM C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 174. 1900.
Mr. George E. Osterhout has described the two following species
from Colorado:
Aulospermum angustatum Osterhout, Bull. Torr. Club 81: 358. 1904.
Aulospermum planosum Osterhout, Bull. Torr. Club 30: 236. 1903.
CYMOPTERUS Raf. Journ. Phys. 89: 100. 1819.
Mr. Jones* has merged under Cymopterus the following genera of
our Monograph: Aulospermum (. & R., Oreoxis Raf., Phellopterus
Nutt., Pseudocymopterus C. & R., Pteryxia Nutt., and Rhysopterus
C.&R. This wholesale merging of distinct groups of species is based
on a conception with which we can not sympathize. In this same
spirit Otto Kuntze united Cereus and Opuntia, Aster and Solidago, ete.
The taxonomic work of to-day is moving away from the idea of con-
aContr. Western Bot. 12: 16-29. 1908,
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XII.
PLATE LXXXIII.
PSEUDOCYMOPTERUS TIDESTROMII C. & R.
iw
COULTER AND ROSE—-NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE. 447
solidating into one comprehensive and ill-defined genus a number of
sharply distinguished groups. We see no reason why the genera
thus merged should not continue to be recognized as defined in the
Monograph.
The following new species and varieties described by Mr. Jones
under Cymopterus we have had no opportunity to study:
Cymopterus aboriginum Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 12: 22. 1908.
Cymopterus aboriginum oblongus Jones, loc. cit. 25.
Cymopterus aboriginum ovalis Jones, loc. cit. 22.
Cy:nopterus aboriginum subternatus Jones, loc. cit. 23.
Cymopterus basalticus Jones, loc. cit. 16.
Cymopterus humboldtensis Jones, loc. cit. 21.
Cymnopterus lapidosus deserti Jones, loc. cit. 21.
Cymopterus owenensis Jones, loc. cit. 26,
PSEUDOCYMOPTERUS C. & R. Rev. N. Am. Umbell. 20. 1888.
Pseudocymopterus aletifolius Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 31: 574. 1904.
Pseudocymopterus multifidus Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 88: 147. 1906.
Pseudocymopterus montanus multifidus Rydb. Bull. Torr, Club 81: 574. 1904,
Pseudocymopterus purpureus (C. & R.) Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 38: 147. 1906.
Pseudocymopterus sylvaticus A. Nelson, Bull. Torr. Club 28: 224. 1901.
Pseudocymopterus tenuifolius (A. Gray) Rydb, Bull. Torr. Club 33: 147, 1906.
Pseudocymopterus tidestromii C. & R. sp. nov. Puate LX XXIII.
Mostly acaulescent, from a multicipital caudex; leaves once pinnate, usually less
than 10 cm. long; leaflets ovate to lanceolate in outline, more or less deeply incised
(this sometimes resulting in a second pinnation), the ultimate lobes narrowly lance-
olate to linear, sharp-pointed, the lower ones often cleft again; peduncles slender,
usually less than 20 ecm. long; umbel 8 to 10-rayed, with involucels of numerous
conspicuous, linear (mucronately tipped) bractlets longer than the deep-yellow
flowers; rays rather unequal, the longest about 10 mm. long; pedicels about 1 mm,
long.
Collected by Ivan Tidestrom on slopes of Mount Terrell, Wasatch Mountains,
altitude 3,075 meters, August 27, 1908, no. 1811.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 506215.
Nearest P. multifidus Rydb., but mostly acaulescent and with different leaf dis-
section.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXIII.—a, Plant; b, flower; ¢, dorsal view of carpel; d, cross section
of immature carpel. a, Natural size; b, c, d, scale 6,
PLEIOTAENIA C. & R.
PoLyTAENIA DC. Mém. Ombell. 53. 1829, not PoLtytrarnium Desy. Mem. Soc. Linn.
Paris 6: 218. 1827.
Mr. William R. Maxon has called our attention to the fact that the name of the
Umbelliferous genus Polytaenia had been given to a genus of ferns two years before
its publication by De Candolle. While some would hesitate to rename Polytaenia
448 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
simply because it is a homonym, all will admit the necessity of doing so since the
Polytaenium Desy., long relegated to synonymy, should doubtless be restored.
The genus contains a single species and a variety.
Pleiotaenia nuttallii (DC.) C. & R.
Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Mém. Ombell. 54. pl. 75. 1829.
Pleiotaenia nuttallii texana ©. & R.
Polytaenia nuttallic tecana C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 192. 1899.
PSEUDOTAENIDIA Mackenzie, Torreya 3: 158. 1903.
‘This genus has been described since the publication of the Mono-
graph, and is represented by the following species from the moun-
tains of Virginia and West Virginia:
Pseudotaenidia montana Mackenzie, loc, cit. 159.
LEPTOTAENIA Nutt. in Torr. & Gr, Fl], 1: 629, 1840,
Cusickia Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 12: 39. 1908.
In the generic description published in the Monograph, the range in
number of oil tubes was not changed from its original statement. The
newer species showed that this range must be changed from *‘'3 to 6
in the intervals,” to read ‘* 1 to 6 in the intervals, and sometimes none
(L. anomata).”
Mr. Jones has established a new genus Cusickia, based upon our
LI. minor. A reexamination of the genus has not shown us any more
than specitic differences between this species and the other species of
Leptotaenia; and Mr. Jones has not called attention to the differential
characters he has in mind.
COGSWELLIA Sprengel in Roem. «& Schult. Syst. Veg. 6: xlvili. 1820.
Lomatium Raf. in Journ. Phys. 89: 101. 1819, not Lomaria R. Br. 1810.
In the preparation of our Monograph the fact that Lomatium Raf.
was a homonym escaped us, though made evident by Schultes’s observa-
tion appended to Sprengel’s description: ‘* Nomen mutandum, cum jam
sit Lomatia Rob. Brown.” In consequence of this, Mr. Marcus E.
Jones” has very properly transferred to Cogswellia most of our
species of Lomatium. We append a list of the species of Cogswellia,
with such modification of the list of Mr. Jones as seems to us neces-
sary. We can not follow him, however, in the merging of Euryptera
Nutt. and Cynomarathrum Nutt. under Cogswellia, for the general
reason intimated under Cymopterus above.
Cogswellia alata C. & R.
Lomatium alatum C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. '7: 228. 1900.
Cogswellia ambigua (Nutt.) Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 12: 52. 1908.
«Contr. Western Bot. 12: 1908.
es
COULTER AND ROSE—NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE,
Cogswellia angustata C. & R.
Peucedanum martindalei angustatum C. & R. Bot. Gaz. 13: 143. 1888.
Lomatium martindalet angustatum C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 224. 1900.
Cogswelia martindalei angustata Jones, loc. cit. 54.
Cogswellia anomala Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia argensis (Jones) C. & R.
Peucedanum argense Jones, Contr. Western Bot. 8: 30. 1898.
Cogswellia artemisiarum (Piper) C. & R.
Lomatium inacrocarpum artemisiarum Piper, Bull. Torr. Club 29: 223. 1902.
Lomatinmn artemisiarum Piper, Contr, Nat. Herb. 11: 423. 1906.
Cogswellia austinae (C. & R.) Jones, 12: 35. 1908.
Cogswellia bicolor (8. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 33,
Cogswellia brecciarum Jones, loc. cit. 52
Cogswellia brevifolia (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia canbyi (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia caruifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia caruifolia patens Jones, loc. cit. 54.
Cogswellia circumdata (S. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia congdoni (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia cous (8. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia cusickii (S. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 52.
Cogswellia dasycarpa (Torr. & Gr.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia daucifolia (Nutt.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia decipiens Jones, loc. cit. 38.
Cogswellia donnellii (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 54.
Cogswellia elliptica (T. & G.) Jones, loc. cit. 33,
Cogswellia farinosa (Hook.) Jones, loc, cit. 35.
Cogswellia flava (Suksdorf) C. & R.
Lomatium flarum Suksdorf, Allg. Bot. Zeitsch. 12: 6. 1906.
Lomatium macrocarpum semivittatum Piper, Bull. Torr, Club 29: 224, 1902.
Cogswellia foeniculacea (Nutt.) C. & R.
Ferula foeniculacea Nutt. Gen, 1: 183, 1816.
Cogswellia villosa Spreng. in Roem. & Schult. Syst. 6: 588. 1520.
Lomatium foeniculaceum C. & R. Contr, Nat. Herb. 7: 222. 1900.
Cogswellia geyeri (8. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia gigantea (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit, 32.
Cogswellia gormani (Howell) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
449
450 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Cogswellia grayi C. & R.
Lomatium gray C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 229. 1900.
Cogswellia millefolia Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Peucedanum millefolium 8. Wats. Bot. King Surv. 129. 1871, not Sonder, 1861-62.
Cogswellia hallii (Watson) Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Cogswellia hendersonii (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia jaredii (Eastwood) C. & R.
Peucedanum jaredii Eastwood, Zoe 5: 88. 1900.
Cogswellia jonesii (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia juniperina Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia laevigata (Nutt.) Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia leibergi (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 35. .
Cogswellia lemmoni (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia macdougali (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia macrocarpa (Nutt.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia marginata (Benth.) Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Cogswellia martindalei (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia microcarpa (Howell) Jones, loc, cit. 35.
Cogswellia mohavensis (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia montana (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia nevadensis (S. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia nevadensis cupulata Jones, loc, cit. 33.
Cogswellia nevadensis pseudorientalis Jones, loc. cit. 37.
Cogswellia nudicaulis (Pursh) Jones, loc. cit. 31.
Cogswellia oregana (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Cogswellia orientalis (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia parishii C. & R.
Lomatium parishii C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. 7: 235, 1900.
Cogswellia nevadensis parishii (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia piperi (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Cogswellia platycarpa (Torr.) Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia platyphylla C. & R.
Peucedanun latifolium Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. FL. 1: 625, 1840, not DC. 1830.
Cogswellia latifolia Jones, loc. cit. 31.
Lomatium platyphyllum C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb, 7: 258, 1900,
Cogswellia plummerae (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE. 451
COULTER AND ROSE
Cogswellia robustior C. & R.
Lomatium robustius C. & R, Contr. Nat. Herb, 7: 228, 1900.
Cogswellia triternata robustior Jones, loc. cit. 32.
ol
Cogswellia sandbergii (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 3
Cogswellia serpentina Jones, loc. cit. 42.
Cogswellia simulans C. & R. sp. nov.
Caulescent, 30 to 40 em. high, more or less tomentose, leaves twice-ternate, then
pinnately compound; ultimate segments linear-oblong, apiculate, strongly nerved;
umbel 6 to 8-rayed, the rays becoming equal, with conspicuous involucels of lance-
olate, acute, scarious-margined bractlets; rays 4 to 6 em. long; flowering pedicels
very short, fruiting ones 5 to 7mm. long; flowers lilac; calyx teeth evident, green;
ovary floccose-pubescent; fruit oblong, somewhat pubescent, 15 to 17 mm. long, 7
to 8 mm. broad, with wings about as broad as body, and filiform dorsal and inter-
mediate ribs; oil tabes very indistinct; seed and carpel very much flattened.
Collected by J. W. Congdon, ‘‘ West Water Ditch,’’? Mariposa, California, May 8
and 25, 1894, no. 117 (type); same collector, west side of Mariposa Valley,
May 10, 1903.
Type U. S. National Herbarium no. 265776.
Related to C. macrocarpa, but differing in its very pubescent ovary, pubescent
’ fruit, and its decidedly lilac-colored flowers.
Cogswellia sonnei (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit, 34.
Cogswellia suksdorfii (8. Wats.) Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia tomentosa (Benth.) Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Cogswellia torreyi (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 35.
Cogswellia triternata (Pursh) Jones, loc. cit. 32.
Cogswellia utriculata (Nutt.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia vaginata (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 34.
Cogswellia vaseyi C. & R.
Lomatium vaseyi C. & R. Contr. Nat. Herb. '7: 216. 1900.
Cogswellia caruifolia vaseyi Jones, loc. cit. 41.
Cogswellia watsoni (C. & R.) Jones, loc. cit. 33.
Lomatium purpurEuM A. Nelson, Bull. Torr. Club 28: 226. 1901, is based upon
material which we had referred to Pseudocymopterus (Monograph 188). We have
had no opportunity to examine it, and append it as a possible Cogswellia.
APOGAMY IN THE MAIZE PLANT,
By G. N. Couns. ¢
The behavior of some of the varieties of Indian corn, from Mexico
and Central America, with which the Department of Agriculture is
experimenting, exemplifies the tendency of plants to develop ab-
normally when placed under new and unusual conditions. Among the
large number of abnormalities which have come under observation a
case of apogamy appears worthy of special mention, since this phenom-
enon seems not to have been reported in Zea mays.
The abnormality here described was first observed by Mr. R. M.
Meade at Victoria, Texas, in a variety from Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas,
Mexico. Briefly described, it consists in the production of branches
or young plants in the place of the spikelets of the male inflorescence
or tassel. Of this variety, which was grown only at Victoria, practi-
cally all the plants exhibited this character in a greater or less degree.
In other varieties, both at Victoria and elsewhere, a few individual
plants were subsequently found that showed a tendency in this direc-
tion. The production of these apogamous plants is doubtless a mani-
festation of the excessive vegetative growth shown by most of the
tropical varieties of corn when grown for the first time in the United
States. While not as prevalent as the branched ear, staminate flowers
in the ear, and other common eccentricities, these apogamous inflor-
escences are still of sufficiently frequent occurrence to indicate a definite
tendency which if properly interpreted might throw light on the
development of the corn plant.
Plants with this peculiarity have the tassel unusually large. The
lower spikelets are replaced by small plants or branches, many of
which have leaves 20 em. long. The first leaf of these young plants or
branches is undoubtedly a transformed outer glume. Though consider-
ably enlarged, in some cases 20 min. long, it is still easily recognizable
asa glume. The next organs are similar to the early leaves of normal
corn plants. Following 7 or 8 of these leaves a terminal female inflor-
escence can be made out, in most cases distinctly 8-rowed, but in some
cases with 4-rowed branches after the manner of the monstrous ears
occasionally produced at the ends of basal branches or suckers.
In passing upward from the base of the tassel the leaves of these
abnormal branches gradually decrease in size, and about midway on the
tassel there is only a rather unusual development of the lemma (flower-
a Bureau of Plant Industry, U. 8. Department of Agriculture.
453
454 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
ing glume) and palet, these inclosing normal stamens. At the tips of
most of the branches of the tassel the spikelets are normal. While
there is a gradual reduction in the size of the branches (see Pl. LX X XV)
there is a very abrupt transition from the last of the pistillate inflo-
rescences to the male flowers with three apparently normal stamens.
It would seem from this that the abnormality is not due merely toa
gradual transformation of the individual floral primordia into leaves
(phyllody), but rather that a change affecting the entire bud takes
place early in its history, causing the young bud to develop as a branch
or young plant instead of producing a normal staminate spikelet.
Furthermore, the number of primordia required for one of these
growths is vastly greater than the number required in a normal
spikelet.
That the inflorescences that terminate these branches or plants
should be pistillate is to be expected from their position on the upper
part of the plant. Branches from the lower nodes of ordinary plants
are the so-called ‘‘suckers,” which terminate in staminate inflores-
cences. Branches from the nodes farther up have the terminal inflor-
escence pistillate, forming the ears, while branches from the inter-
mediate nodes, below the normal ears, usually bear terminal inflores-
cences that contain both staminate and pistillate flowers.
In the axils of the first leaves, which correspond to the outer ¢lumes,
small roots could be seen (see Pl. LX XXIV), and when separated from
the tassel and placed in the ground these apogamous plants took root
and made considerable growth. Though none lived to maturity, they
continued to grow in an apparently normal manner for nearly two
months and produced roots over 1 foot in length.
The production of roots enabling these branches to maintain an inde-
pendent existence would seem to make this a true case of apogamy
similar to that in onions, Agave vivipara, and the Arctic species of
saxifrage. It would only remain for these apogamous plants to effect
a natural separation from the parent plant to make the agreement
perfect.¢
“The definition of apogamy given by Winkler in his ‘‘Parthenogenesis und
Apogamie im Pflanzenreiche,”’ as reviewed in Nature for March 18, 1909, would
seem to exclude all observed cases. The definition is given as follows: ‘‘Apogamy
is the apomictic formation of sporophytes from vegetative cells of the gametophyte.”’
Apomixis is previously defined as the production of a new individual not preceded
by fusion of nuclei. Hence apogamy is restricted to the formation of a new indi-
vidual with cells containing the double number of chromosomes (sporophytes) from .
cells containing the single number of chromosomes (gametophytes) without any
union of nuclei.
Even Yamonouchi’s case of a plant of Nephrodium molle developing from the pro-
thallus and retaining the single number of chromosomes could not be included,
since Leavitt's interpretation of this phenomenon as a case of homcosis seems well
taken and the plant can hardly be considered as a sporophyte.
It seems desirable to retain the term apogamy with its more general application to
cases where a new plant is produced asexually from tissues which normally give
rise to sexual organs.
Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. XI, PLATE LXXXIV,
YOUNG PLANTS AND SPIKELETS OF APOGAMOUS MAIZE.
PLATE LXXXV.
Nat. Hert
BRANCH OF TASSEL OF APOGAMOUS MAIZE.
COLLINS—APOGAMY IN THE MAIZE PLANT. 455
While these young plants, being produced in the place of regular
sexual organs, may properly be called apogamous, yet the phenomenon
is closely related to the common forms of asexual reproduction, par-
ticularly to that observed in some of the small varieties of maize that
produce ears at the surface of the ground. Several such cases have
been observed in which roots were developed on the lower nodes of
these ear-bearing branches and the ear was able to continue an inde-
pendent existence after the main plant was dead, the husk leaves act-
ing as assimilating organs. This, it will be noted, exactly parallels
the present example even to the pistillate terminal inflorescence, the
only difference being that of location.
The development of these apogamous plants seems to prove that
even the most highly specialized organs of the corn plant still retain
in latent form the characters of the other parts of the plant.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXIV.—Young plants and spikelets from the tassel, Roots can be
seen on the larger plants. Natural size.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXV.—Branch of tassel showing gradual transition from young plants
to normal spikelets. Natural size.
85408—VvoL 12, pr 10—09—4
INDEX OF GENERA. ,
[Pages of principal entries in heavy-faced type.
Acanthocereus ..........-...2---.-------0-- 432
AMM... 2.2... eee eee eee eee cece 444
Angelica 2.0.00. ...... 20 ccc cece eee eee eee eee 446
Aporocactus ...........0.2..2. 00.2222 434, 435
Aulospermum ............202.2..-2.- 2220000 446 |
Bergerocactus ..........20.....2.2..22222-6- 435
Bupleurum .............2....0002 cee eee eee 443 |
Cactus ........-.. te.e- 415, 417, 418, 419, 420, 434, 436 |
CaruMm ....... 2222.2 222 eee eee ee eee eee eee 443,
Cephalocereus ..........-22...22..-4- 413, 415-420
Cereus ...........202.20- 413, 414, 415-437, 436, 437
Chaerophyllum..... ‘Lee cee cece cece eee 442,443 |
Cleistocactus ..................-22...020202. 413
Cogswellia..........-2...22...--- SAS-451, 449-451
Conioselinum ......-...2-. 200 eeeeeeeeeeee 446, 446
CUustchid: . 0.00.2. eee eee 448
Cymopterus ..........2... 22222002 e eee eee 446,447 |
Discopleurd. ... 02020222 cece ee eee cece eeeeeee 444 |
Echeverria ...--. 02-22-0222. e eee eee eee e eee 439
Echinocactus..............2.222 22220 eee eee 425
Echinocereus ..... -.----.--. 418, 424, 434, 435, 435
Eryngium .............2-2-.22 2.2222 ee eee 442
Eseontria ....2-....--- 2-2-2222 e eee eee eee eee 420
Eulychnia............-....--2 22002222 ee eeee 413
Ferula .. 2.20222 eee eee eee 449
Harperella ...........22...2...22.2202 2 eee 444
TTArperid. ..2 eee ee eens 444
Harrisia.........222-.-02220 002200 e eee eee ee 422, 423
Heliocereus...--....2...22.-2 20220022008 433, 434
Hydrocotyle..... 02... eee ee ences 442
Hylocereus ............ 000.2 cece eee eee 428, 429
Lemaireocereus. .....-.....-... 2.020000 424-496
Leptocereus ........02 2000s cece ee eee eee e enon 433
Leptotaenia ...............22.-200.-22 2220+ 448
Synonyms in italics. ]
Ligusticella ...............0..222 2 eee e ee eee 445
Ligusticum ...................022002 0 eee 45,45, 46
Lomatia ....2..........-022.200052020000- 0 cee ee 448
Tomatiwin 0.200000. ee ee ee eee 448-451
Lophocereus........-.....2...2--.220000- 426, 427
Musineon ...............2222200000 eee ee ee 443
Myrtillocactus ..........2.....22.2.200200-- 427
Nyctocereus ...........2022.22.02..2220.. 423, 424
Orumbella..................2022.2.002--- 445, 446
OSMOTNIZA 0... eee eee 443
Pachycereus .........-.....2...00220.00-- 420-422
Peniocereus........... 2.0020. e cece eee eens 428
PeUcedaQnum .. 2... c eee cee eee ee ee 449, 450
Phellopterus ............-2--22.22..22020005 446
Pilocercus..................-- ALS-421, 424, 427, 487
Pleiotaenia ................020.0.0 0002 e eee 447,448
POLYLAENAD ©. eee ee ee eee eee 447,448
Polytaenium ..........2......2...2220000- 447
Pseudocymopterus................2..2--- 447, 447
Pseudotaenidia -................2220.0222-- 448
Ptilimnium......................22..02-. 444, 445
Rathbunia..................222.22222.--- 414, 415
Rhipsalis .........0 2.20200 e eee eee eee eee 431
Sanicula. ........2....0.....2 02 cee eee e eee 442
Sedum ............0..... 20.22 e eee eee eee 440
Selenicereus............0.......2222000-- 429-431
Villadia.......200 2... eee 440
Washingtonia........22...02...002....0000. 443
Weberocactus .........22....022..22000-- 431, 432
Werckleocereus ............222002 222022 eee 432
Wilcoxia... 02... ee eee ee eee eee 484
LOA 202. ee eee eee eee 453
Zizia .... 2202. eee eee eee eee ee 443
INDEX.*
[Page number of principal entries in bold-face type.
Page.
Abronia.................------------++2--- 306, 32
acutalata 2.2 0....0002..20022..22-20-- $12, 313
alba... 2.000 ec ee eee eee eee eee 311
alpina.....2....-2..2--2-25-0- 22-02 2-6--- 316
ammophila.............-.-. cece eee ee eee 326
angulata............---- 2-22-2222 eee eee 316
angustifolia. ......2................. 320, 321
arenaria.. 2.2.2.2... eee ee eee 311,326
arizonica.....................-..-------- 319
aurita........ Leese cee eee eee ee eee 316
bakeri. 2... eee 322
bigelovii...................-... Lecce eee 317
breviflora.............-..-.---..-------- 312
earletoni.......000.02-2 222-22 _.... 82h
carned.. 2.22.22 222 eee Sec eee ee eee 329
cheradophila.............00..00.02220202- 326
ecovillei.....2.02220 22 ee eee 316
crur-maltae... 22222 eee eee 328
cycloplera..... 22.22.2222 02-220 e eee eee 329
elliptica......020..0202.20000.0..2.-.- 321, 322
exalata....0000000000002..00.020-.22-2-002- 318
fallax. ...2.2.0.000002022.0-0.----..--- 322, 328
fendleri ...........0......2.-.5------- $24, 825
fragrans.............. 318, 321, 323, 324, 325, 326
elliptica.....2.00.20.... eee e eee 322
GlQUcesceNns.. 2.22.06 0 00 eee eee 326
pterocarpa..... 2... 220. ee eee eee 323
glabra......20 00202 --8eeeeee 321
glabrifolia........2222200000000.022222... 321
glaucescens.....................--------- 326
gracilis. .... 2.22.0... 200... 020002---2----- 315
insularis....-.-.....-.......--2-.------ 811,312
lanceolata .......2.0.....0-0.....202----- 326
latifolia... 2.22... 202222 222002222------- 311
lobatifolia........2.222.2.22......---- 319
maritima..........-.....0-2.....--.--.--- 311
mellifera......00.......-.. eee eee 326
micrantha. ......000000-0-000...002--. 327, 328, 329
pedunculata.. 0.200 eee 328
minor .....2...-..-.-.-00...0---..---- 313, 314
nana......220 2.22 eee ..... BLT
lanciformis..... wee eee eee eeee 317
nealleyi.............2.-...2-2-2--2----- 323
nelsonii.... 22.22.2202 22222 ee eee eee eee 326
neurophylla............2...0..22.-20.--- 314
nudata.....20 22.0.0 eee eee ee eee 326
orbiculata........-..... cece ence e eee 322
pedunculata... 2.20.00. -.. 828
pinetorum.........-2....-22.-.----..--- 316
platyphylla.. 2.2... .22..0202.0000..00.... 314
Synonyms in italies.]
Page.
Abronia—Continued.
pogonantha.... 200.20... 0.0.0.2. e eee 316
pumila.....0. 02.02... 222222 e eee eee 322
ramosa.......2. 0.2.2. 2-2... ee eee eee 321
robusta... .....0....220.2 00002 eee ee eee B24
salsa........... cece ee eee eee eee e eee eee 823
sparsifolia. 2.0000... 000-...000.---0------- 322
suksdorfii.....0.0..00-.22--- cee eee cess ... 826
texana. 2.222002 eee 323
torreyi...... 0.2222 e eee 319, 320
turbinata..........0202...20-0.0.... 818, 320
carletoni........-20-.-0-2.----.----.--- 321
forma stenophylla............-...... 320
marginata..............-.. a: 7
umbellata ....2. 002.2202... -- 312, 318, 314,315
alba... 22220 ee eee 312
variabilis 9. - 22.2.2 2202 814,315
villosa 2... 020 ... B15, 316
Abutilon crispum......- Loe eee cece ee eteee 108
Acacia cuspidata.....0020000.0.000.-2---..-- 409
filicina. 22.2.0 00000222 ee eee 409
filicoides ...-20 202020. weeeeeee- 409
lemmoni........ .. Seen ence eee -.... 409
suffrutescens...-.......-.-.....--------- 409
tamarindifolia......-.-22222 02222222. 106
texana....-2000 ee 409
villosa... 2.2.22 eee eee 409
Acanthocereus....... So eee 432
pentagonus .......-.2....0-2-....-2-. 432, 433
Achlaena piptostachya.............222...... 235
Acleisanthes........2....0.-.0...--.-----2--- 369
acutifolia.. 22002220 370
anisophylla....... ween eee 370
berlandieri. 2. © ee ee ee 371
erassifolia........0000022--.-. eee eee 371
greggii.. 222.2222 eee eee 371
longiflora. 2.000222 ee eee eee ee 370
hirtella... 2.222.000 0000 ee eee ... 871
nummularia...........2.....----------- 372
obtusa... ....0..0-02-02-.2 02-222 eee eee ee eee 371
wrightii........22.22...0..20.-0-222-0--- 370
Aegiphila anomala.................--.-.-..-- 181
Agrostis alba.... 22.22.2020 0c ee 150
asperd......--.---- saat Picess eee ee ceaes 150
brasiliensis... ......0-.0...00-2---2-+----- 198
clandestina..........-250.02205. Lecce eee 150
cruciala.. 2200.00 2 2222 120, 133, 142, 239
dispar........-.-- rs 150
hiemalis.......-.-.-...-0.-2-.-.-----.--- 145
indica........--00..----....- 120, 134, 149, 237
a The catalogue of the botanical library of John Donnell Smith (pp. 1 to 94) is arranged alphabetically
by authors and is not further indexed.
1528—09——2
457
458 INDEX.
Agrostis—Continued. Page. | Allionia—Continued. Page.
involut@. 2.0000 ee eee 150 orybaphoides........020.0-020.0.00 0020... 357
juneea...... beeen eee eee eee e cence 150 pachyphylla.... 00020 022.00000000... 346, 347
lateriflora......-... Lecce eee cece ee eee 150 petrophila.......20000000000000 340
longifolia... 000 150 pilosa.... 2.22020 . 345, 346, 848, 853
mexicanad.... 00.2.2... 0 28. eee eee 119 pinetorum........0000.2..0002 0002. B44
nigrescens... wee eee eee eee 139 polytricha......00000200000 00. 346
perennans.......... Soe eee ae © oi) pratensis........... a 351, 352
purpurascens ...... ...... 142, 238 pseudaggregata......... oo... .. B48, 354, 356
racemosa... .- . Leen ee 150 pumila ....0202 022. . 345, 346
radiata........ oe 120, 183, 142, 240 rotata.....0..00.000000000 coe. BAT
rigidifolia......... eee 138 sessilifolia. 9000200 . $55
virginica....... . 119, 121,131, 238 texensis....000.000.00002. -. .. Bal
Aira ambigua....... coos «152 trichodonta......... coe. BA
aquaiicd. 120 VaseVl. 2... . Bde
cacspitosa..... . oe ... 120 violacea.. oo. 22222... Lo . 334, 335
flexuosa... . ...... 120, 152 viscosa... 22222 ee .. $34,347
indica... ... wee 120 | Allioniaceae, bibliography.................. 1,2
melicoides.....00000000000000 ... 152) Allioniella..... 200222222 356
obtusata... 2... eee eee eee e eee eeee 152 oxybaphoides......0.0.00..0..0020...... BST
(polynomial)...00.2020.02000. 0. 129,180 glabrata... 2.2 2200000 0202. 357
spicata... ... soos esses sees. 120,155 | Alloteropsis amphistemon............_ 2... . 211
subspicata.._. as 120 distachya.......0.00000... coec ee sees. = 210
Aletes 2.2.22. _ eee 444 dura... ._- eb
obovata.. 2-22 _.... 444 semialata........000000.00000000 20. 210
Allionia.. 2.2.2... . -......... 331,384, 360 | Alopecurus aristulatus..... beeen e ee 145
aggregata....000000- oe. 335, 344, 3845 | Ammicostatum ....-..... ~~ So eee eee 444
albida.......- a -.0.......... 866 | Ammophila arenaria. .. . coceeee. = 156
bodini..... oo, _........ 835,844 | Anastrophus compressus....... 2... oo... TAL
brandegei..__. coe ee ee. =BAG paspaloides. 2... . . ee © (5)
bushii.. 22.2. . -oooee eee... B41, 342,354 | Anatherum inerme...... . -o.ee. 194
carletoni.. 22... - oe eee 355 spathiflorum......... ne 01
chersophila. -.. . cee ee ee. «BOA | Andrapogon......0..0...... wee eee 129
ciliata... 22... . . Je. BAS (polynomial) . 22... 200-.22.20.000.02.. - 128
coahuilensis . . - . .... $47,354 | Andropogon alopecuroides.. 2.2... 125, 128, 133,151
coccinea... ... bo 339 ambiguum.........00.020.0.0.-0 00.0000. 152
comata......... . . .. 345,348 argenteus. 2.22020 151
corymbosa terensis . _ . .. .... 852 argyracus....... a 65 |
cucullata..... eee See 350 AVENACEUM.. 22.2 ee eee 151,195
decumbens........00000 ole. 335, 844 barbatum 22.2.0. 0200.0 126, 133, 142, 240
diffusa... . Se BA bicore ............022222 20222 125, 129,135
divaricata.. 2 4 bieornis ....2....0.-022002000 002000008. 192, 193
exaltata.. eee 355 brevifolium......2...00000000000000.00... 148
floribunda. .-.......2..... _.. 348,350, 351 brevifolius ........... ence eee eee - 192, 194
gigantea....... Soe eee 348 contortus.........222 2 0 196
glabra. ...2. 2220000000... nn; tS | corymbosus.... 2.2.0. 022 151
glabrifolia.... Joo... 2. 834,335,348 cubensis... 2. .......0000 0000000202222 192
glandulifera... _. oe. 842,348 dissitiflorum.....0000.000000000200------- 151
gracillima.... 22222022200 ... «BAO divaricatum 2.0... 000 eee eee 125, 129
filifolia.. See eee .... B40 domingensis.... 2.0 .0000 0000000 oes 193
seabridata. 2.2.00 0 340 fasciculatum 2.2 .....2.-.0..0.00-. 115, 126, 133
greggii.. ee ..... 848 fastigiatum ... 2.2.2.2... 2 148
himalaica.. 2.2200 335 fastigiatus. 2... ...... 2220000222 1938
hirsuta... 22222000000... .......... 835,352 francavillanum...... cee eee eee eee eee 195
coloradensis......................... 858 fureatus. 2.000000. 22222 eee eee 126
rotundifolia. .....0...00200..0000.... 354 * glomeratus........... 125, 128, 129, 151, 192, 193
incarnata..... 20002 331 gracilis... ......00000000 000022 193
glabra... eee 332 halepensis................. Lecce eee eee 195
lanceolata. .......0.22.00.0.000000..... 335, 855 hirtum......... bbe eee ee eee eee ee 125, 128
umiflora.. 22222... . $55, 356 hispidus.. 2.200.020 2022 197
latifolia... 2.22222. _.. 850 imerMis 2.2... ee 194
linearis .......... cece eee eee ee 341, 342,343 insulare 2... 20.0 125, 126, 135, 142,210
coccinea. 2.2.0. . . 3839 ischaemum.......2002000000 002 126
subhispida....000000.0... . B42 leucopogon........--..-...--.. eee ee eee 198
melanotricha....... 2... See . 842,361 leucostachys ............. 125, 132, 143, 1938, 194
nyctaginea .............. 335,348, 849, 350,351 MACTOUTUM 2 eee ee 151, 198
oblongifolia 2. ...2..00002000000000..- 350, 351 macrourus corymbosus.... 00.0.0... 02-20 151
a 350 nashianus.......2.2-...-.-..2.-20.20-204- 198
INDEX. 459
Andropogon—Continued. Page. ; Arundinella—Continued. Page.
NUMONS 2.2... eee ee 125, 128, 151, 195 peruviana. ....-....--..-.----.------- 196, 197
polydactylon ......---....2-2+0-5-- 126, 133, 142 phragmitoides.........0....22020-0-0-4-5- 196
saccharoides......- 2.2.0.0. 0. 00202022 e eee 143 | Arundoarenaria...... 2.0.00... 22 eee 156
scoparium ..... 2.2.22... 2.22222 eee eee 151 CONAAENSIS ... ee 156
scoparius.......2.-2......-2--2--- 125, 128, 198 phragmites................0.-2.--- 123, 124, 130
SECUNAUS... 2002.0. 132, 196 (polynomial).........-......-......- 130, 132
semiberbis............-...-----..2------- 194 Sacchariferad.. 2.2.0... oe ee eee eee 132
SCLOSUS.. 2. eee eee eee 195 | Asperella digitaria................-...--.... 209, 210
spathiflorus..................---.-.------ 194 | Asplenium microtum........................ 411
imermis .. 2. .0000...00000-0-- 2-20-2255: 194 monanthes..........--....----.-------+- 411
subtenuis..............---.------.2.02.-. 194 platyneuron................-....--2--2--- 411
temer.. 2.2.02 -0.0 2222222 192, 194 trichomanes..........-..........-.-.- ... 411
ternarium........-.-..-.-..-..... Leese 151) Asprella hystrir.... 2.00.00 ee 130
virginicum.................. 125. 128,152,151 | Aulospermum ...............-.....-----.---- 416
virginicus..............000..2.0....------ 194 angustatum.........2.....2222.2-0020 00 -- 446
wrightit. 2020 eee ee 195 planosum........00.0220.000000002.02...-. 446
Angelica... ....2...0....2. 020.0202 2 eee ee eee 446 | Avena bromoides..........................-. 123
dilatata.....0.0000000-0000 202202222 2022-25. 446 QlUMOSA... 22-2 eee eee ee eee eee 155
kingii-... 22.2220 -22.2020-020---- wesc eeee 446 MOL IS... eee ee 120, 155
Anthaenantia villosa..................------ 145 a 156
Anthephora elegans... .... wee eee ee eee 124, 196 pensylVaNicd... 2... eee eee eee ee ©)
hermaphrodita..............2.....--- 124, 196 SpiCAld. 0... 12:
Anthoxanthum gigantewm.............------ 151 SUTIMI. ©. oe ee ee ee ee 156
odoratum......... beeen eee cece ... 144 | Axonopus aureus...............2..002..02--- 141
Anulocaulis.............2.----22-22-2220 200: 374 CoMpressus........0..00..02.. 000. 133, 142,207
annulatus........--.22.--.22 22-202 eee eee 375 furcatus. 0.0000... 02 ce cece eee eeeeeeeee 146
eriosolenus..........-.--.------------ ... 875 | Barreleactus......................---- ee eee 291
leiosolenus........-..-.--..--2-26--2-25-- $75 | Bauhinia lumarioides........................ 263
A paloptera.... 0... -. eee eevee eee eee eee 827 | Beaucarnea goldmanii....................-.- 261
A pluda zeugites..... vee eee eee e ee eee eee eee 127 guatemalensis............02....002..00.. 262
A podanthes globosa.... 2.22.60. 202200222 eee 263° Begoniasp.....---...-20. 0002.2 e vee ee eee 108
MeLICANG ....-----.-- 222222 eee eee eee 264 | Bergerocactus...............-2200022--2200- 435
pringléi........20.05-000 000-020-0002 - oe 264,273 | OCMOPYi. 2.2... eee eee eee eee 435
Aporocactus.......--...++++++++++2eee sree 434.436 | Berger’s revision of Cereus................... 413
flagelliformis..............-....---+++---- 435 | Beschorneria pubescens................----- 262
flagriformis........... wee eee eee eee 435 rigida.. 2.02.20... eee e cece ee cece ee ceeee 262
leptophis ........-.....-----+------+----- 435 tubiflora....... 2000.0... 220.2222 2 eee eee 262
Aquilegia madrensis...............--.-.----. 265 yuceoides...2 00.0002... cece cece cece eee 262
skinneri....-.....---..---2--+2.-+-- po--- 209°) Birdlime. 2.0.2.2... 22222200022 ee ee 159
Aristida americana................+-++-- --- 123,240 | Rignaga burra..............--.. 00-2 seen ee eee 291
curtifolia....... 2.0... +. - 22-2 eee esses 285 | Boerhaavia....................... 372,373,374, 875
dichotoma........-....-..--------------- 144 alamosana..................- esses... --e ee 387
dispersa..-.-.-.----- +22 .0+ +e eee ee eee eee 240 alata ....0...000.000000 376, 379, 380
erecta... ..- 2226.22 eee eevee eevee essen eee 236 anisophylla...............-- See eee 386
GYTANS ..-- 2-2 eee ee eee eee eee eee eee 236 micrantha..............-...-.-.22... 386
mohrii..............- 0-662 e eee eee ee eee 236 paniculata....0.0.0.....00....-2-208- 386
oligantha..........----+++++22++.ee22205- 144 annulata..... 0.000020. 0 22 e eee eee ee eee 375
palustris... ....-...------++ 2... eee eee eee 236 Dract€OS@. .- 22. oe ee eee eee eee eee 385
refracta.... 22.0... 2. +200. eee ee eee 236 COpitdld... 22. ee eee eee eee eee 330
scabra.......-------.--.++-++- ceeeeeeeees 236 coulteri.........0.020..---22-222- eee ee eee 384
Stricta... 2.20.20... eee eee eee eee 144 Oc 375, 376, 380
Arracacia purpusii...... cee eee 301 thornberi..........--..---2-2+eeeeeee 881
Arthrostylidium angustifolium..... vee e eee 246 CriOSOLENG... . vv v cc cececccccccccccececee 375
capillifolium................------------- 246 GiDDOSA. 2.022 eee eee eee ee 372
cubense.....----- 2-2. 2-0+0er eres coon 246 gracillima.. 2... ..0..002.0.02 0c ec eee 385, 386
distichum..........-.-...----.-------- .. 246 decalvata...........2..22-- 22 ee eee ee 8386
fimbriatum...-....--.-.--+-2++0-2020+ 05 246 grahami..... 220.0220... 2 eee eee ee eee eee 373
sarmentosum........ west eee ces teneseeres 246 gypsophiloides....... 2... ...2--22222-20--- 379
urbanii.......-.....---..-.----2.---2----- 246 | hirsuta. 22. c coco c ccc cee cece ceccecceceeee 382
Arundinaria macrosperma .............--- 130,156 | intermedia... --..-..c 2 ec ceccccceceeee 380, 382
Arundinella brasiliensis .............----.-.-- 197 Lei0SOLEND . o-oo vce vvveccceeccece cece. 975
crinita....-....-.. poses eee eee ees 197 linearifolia...........-2...022.0..22-22---- 386
cubensis... ...-.....---.. 06. soctteeeees 197 glabrata... .- Dee eee 386
deppeana.........---..----- 22+ -- eee eee 196 glandulosa..............0...-.0.--2------- 387
hispida.............-.-.-------------+--- 197 maculata ...2.2.0... Lecce eee Leese _.. 879
martinicensis.............--.-.------- 197, 198 megaptera..............-222226-- _.... 876,379
pallida .. 22.22... eee e eee eee 197 | organensis.........--.-..-----.-----2+----- 385
460 INDEX,
Boerhaavia—Continued. Page. | Cactus—Continued. Page.
palmeri.... 22220 387 paniculatus....2 2.2.2... 20 0000 436
paniculata... .0 2.2.20. .0. 20000022222 382 PentagONUs 2. Lee eee ee 432,433
pterocarpa..... 20.2.2. 376,379 | PCTUVIANUS 22.2 414
purpurascens. .............0.....--..---- 382 | POlyGONUs .. 2... eee 418
ramulosa.......-... wee eee eee 383 repandus. 2.2.2.2 202200000 436
scandens... 2222 eee 37: | royeni. 2.22220 419
sonorae... 2.2.2... eee eee 387 senilis. 22 Lecce eee 419
spicata.............. tence eee eee eens 334 Serpentinus... 2.2... wee cece eee 23
a 384 speciosissimus.... 2.2 .22200.0 00002000... 434
torreyanad.. 22.2222. 385 SPOCIOSUS 22. 433, 434
thornberi.. 26 eee 381 SUTICIUS eee eee 418
torreyana.... 2000000200200... c eee eee ... B85 triangularis.... 0.020000 0000 eee 429
triquetra... 2.22. -. 879,380 | Calamagrostis canadensis.................... 156
universitatis.......... cece eee eee eee 380 | Calliandra grandiflora... ........00.0...... 263, 264
viscosa... 2.2.2 383 a 106
apiculata.. 2.002... $83 | Calotropis procera........22.....0........... 109
oligadena.....2. 2.222202. 2 222 883 | Calycary zone in Leeythidaceae _._.......... 95
watsoni...... 222202200222 B84 | Calymenia........-0000 02022 334
wrightii.. 22.22.0222 2 0202 385 albida_... 222220222 356
xanti.. 222 eee 384 angustifolia... 2.2.20. 0 ee 341
Bouteloua americana..................... 123, 240 decumbens... ..0..0200.... eee eee eee 344
curtipendula.. 2.20... ..00.000000000.... 152 hirsuta... 20.22.0002 eee 352
disticha.. 22.0000 eee eee 240 | myctagined..- 2.2.0 349
humboldtiana.........002.0.002000000000... 240 | PUlOSA 2. eee 353
litigiosa. 2. ee eee 128, 240 VISCOSH. 2 eee ee 347
porphyrantha... 2.002002 240 | Calythymenia................- cee cece eee eee 334
Brachiaria erucaeformis...................... 141 | aggregata... 2... ee 344
meziana.... 22.2... 140 paniculata... 2.22226 350
plantaginea..... 22. .220.000202.... cee 212 VISCOSA.. 2 eee eee 347
platyphylla.....2 2022020000 212 | Campulosus aromaticus.............2.2...... 152
Brachyelytrum aristatum....... cee eee eee 144 | Capriola dactylon.....-0..0.2000..0... eee. 238
erectum. .........20 022000000000 144 Carex folliculata.. 2220220000220 128
Bradburya virginiana...........-2....... --. LOU Carnegiea......0222 020202 424
Briza canadensis... 020.0. 2 eee 155 gigantea.. 22-2 424
eragrostis... 0.000 ee 121,130,155 Carpotroche............0............. 2... 171,177
Bromus altissimus. 0.2.2.2... cece ee eee eee 122 amazonica... 2-22.22. 177,178
canadensis... 0202.0. 0 22 e ee 154 brasiliensis... .......2.020.00.0.0000.0... 178
ciliatus. 2.2222. 122,154 crassiramea... 2.222202 178,180
latiglumis. 2.222000 00 122 glauceseens. 9.200000. beeen 178
purgans..--2..000 02.222... 122 grandiflora... 2.202002 177,178
Spicatus. 2... eee 241 longifolia... 2.0.20 177,178
Brongniartia goldmanii...........2220.0..... 269 platyptera -22 020000 177,178
lasiocarpa... 2.0202. 268 | Carum..... 222.2222 443
parvifolia... 00002. 268 gairdneri............ wee eee 443
peninsularis............ wee eee 268 garrettii......22.0200000000000.. ones e eee 443
revoluta.. 2.02020. 269 — montanum. 2.2222. 2 443
trifoliata... 2.20. 208 Caryochloa bahiensis....000 00.00.0000. 000000... 234
Bupleurum........002.000000 0 448 Cassia articulata.....000000020 022 266
Bupleurum americanum,........0...020..... 443 chamaecrista.. 2.2.20 0.22.20 0 0000022 267
purpureum...- 2-20.22 44: chamaecristoides... 22-2200 .000000.0.2... 267 , 268
Bursera diversifolia..-. 200.0000 0.000000. 279 CUNET ED... eee 267 , 268
graveolens pilosa... 2.2.2... Lee eee 279 ereggii.. 2. 267
laxiflora 220.0020. 279 leptadenia..... ee 268
NELSON. 0 eee 279 macdougaliana. 2.000 267
trijuga. 2.2 279 oxyphylla. 2.2 107
Cactus.......0.... See ee eee eee eee 290 procumbens ..0. 00000000 268
ambiguus... 2.00.0 23 villosus. 2.2.0.0. 020200000 267
brady pus... 2.000.000 0000 419 Castela lyehnophoroides............000.0...- 278
fimbriatus 20.0606 437 nickelsoni...-..... 00000-22020 278
flagelliformis.. 2.000000 eee. 434,435 — tELANA 2 ee 278
grandiflorus... 900.00. 430 peninsularis. 2.0.00 0.02.2.020..... -.... 278
haworthii. 2.22000 418 texana.... 2-22 bene eee 278
heragonus 2.2000. eee 414 tortuosa. 2.2.22... 278
hystriv. ee 425 | Ceanothus australis... 2 92-2 202 283
ldanuginosus... 00202 417 azureuS........0..0....... eee eee ee eee 283
maxonii.. 2.2.22 290 parvifolius.. 20... 020020.2000200-00220.. 284
meryi..- 2.2 ee 290 bicolor.......-....2.2.-00-02-00000000 002222. 284
INDEX 461
Ceanothus—Continued. Page. | Cereus—Continued. Page.
caerulea. ... 2.222222 2.002 e eee eee ee ee eee 284 calearatus....... cece cece eee cece eee eeee 428
Ceanothus candolleanus............--------- 283 candelabrum ... 02.22... 4.0.02 e eee ee eee 426
cuneatus......-.-..-.---222-0222-2------- 284 | candicans.. 2.0.02. eee 293
goldmanii.......-..-...---.-.--2-------- .. 284 | chende...... 00000 eee eee 426
preggii.... 2... ..20..20 22202022 e eee eee 283 chichipe...-..2...-..-- ccc eee eee eee eee 426
lanuginosus.........---...-------+--- 284 A 420
lanuginosus.....-..--.---2..--2--------- 284 chrysacanthus........0.-2.-.-20-2-0222-25-- 416
Ceanothus parvifolius.............----.------ 284 chrysomallus. .. 2.02.02 0 0. cee eee eee 421
rigidus..........-......----.------------- 284 ClAVALUS . 20. ee cee eee 425
submontanus..........-.-...-------+-+-- 284 COCCINEUS . 2... eee eee eee eee 433
Cenchrus carolinianus. ..--.... 127, 128, 132,152,231 cochal. 2.2... 202222 ... 427
distichophyllus......-........-...-----+- 231 columna-trajani....- 0... 0.002.002 eee eee 421
echinatus............-..-.--.---- 127,132,231 COMELES. 0.2 eee eee eee eee eee 416
granularis...... 2.2.0. 022220000 200-000 -* 142,191 | COMPFESSUS. . 22 eee eee eee 429
macrocephalus..........----------- 127,128,152 | conformis..............-.00ee eee cece eee 436
(polynomial) ..............--2--------+++ 128 | coniflorus...... 2.2222... 0 2222022222 eee eee 430
SCLOSUS 20-222. 0 222222 wee eee ee eee 148,252 cubensis. 2.2.2... 2 2222. 422
tribuloides..............- 127, 128, 132,152,231 | curtisii.. 222. eee eee eee 418
VaGgiNatUs. 2.2.2.2 eee eee ee ee eee eee 152 | CL ... © 434
viridis...........22-..-. 02-20-2022 2 2-2 e 231) divaricatus.........2...02022020 20220 eee 423
Cephalocereus..........-....------+-- 413,415, 419 diverQens 2 ee eee eee ee 423
aleusis.... 2.2... .2.2-0-. 2222-022 ee eee eee 415 dumortieri .. 2... 2-2-0200 2 oe eee eee ee 425
bahamensis ...........-.------------- 415,419 | er 433
bakeri......000.00 00 eee eee eee ee 415 dychii. 2.000202 426
chrysacanthus..............------------- 416 eburneus.. 222-22. ee eee eee 425
chrysomallus..........--.-..-2----+--2++- 21 | emoryi... 2.22222 See eee eee 435
colombianus...... Lene eee eee eee ee 416 — CPECLUS. 2 ee 423
columna-trajani... 0. 0....2... 2.222 421 eriophorus ...-. be 422, 429
cometes...... 02.20... 02-2 e ee eee eee eee eee 416 | (TUCO. 22 ee 425
hermentianus..............------------ .. 416 farinosus..... cee eee cece 436
hoppenstedtii......-.-....-----+--+------- 4165 fimbriatus...-.-....-.-..------- Lecce eee 437
keyensis........000 0-002 e eee eee eee eee ee 416 | flagelliformis..... 22.2.0 20020000 eons 435
lanuginosus............----------+----+--- 417 | leptophis.. 2.2.00... 0 00000 v ee eee eee 435
leucocephalus...........-....-----2-555-- 417 | flagriforMis..... 2... .0.0. 0.22202 e eee eee 435
macrocephalus..........------+-++++-2+5: 417 | flavicomus..... 2... +50... eee ee eee eee eee 416
maxonii...........--.------------------- 417 | flOCCOSUS. 2.2 nee eee 419
millspaughii............---2....-....00-- 417 fulviceps... 2.000.222.0000 0 2 eee cece eee eee 421
monoclonos ........---------++++----- 416,418 gemmatus... 2.2.2.2. - 2-22-22 eee eee wees. 421
nobilis........ 2.2... -- 22-22-2252 eee eee 418 geometrizans...... Lecce ee cece eee eens 427
palmeri.......... 2.0.2.2 2-22 eee eee eee eee 418 cochal.. 2... 2.2.20 o eee ee eee eee eee 427
polygonus ..............--.-.-+--+--- 418, 420 ghiesbreghtii.................-.-.------- 436
polylophus...........---....----+--+----- 419 giganteus. 2.2.2.0... 00 00. eee ee eee eee 424
royeni............-.----- 2-2-2222 eee ee eee 419 gonzalezii... 2.2.2... 00.0002 432
sartorianus .....-.....---.------+2-2--55- 419 gracilis... 22. .....-..-0--0----------+-- 422,423
scoparius...........------ 2-2-2 eee eee eee 419 grandiflorus....... 0.0.0 +22... 0222-2 eee 430
senilis.......-.--.----+--- 202-2202 eee eee 419 grandispinus..........0-22- 0202-2222 eee 437
swartzii.......-..------ 2-22-22 eee ee eee 420 Qreqgii. 0.2.0 eee eee eee eee 428
urbanianus........--..-..-----+------++- 420 transMONtANUS.. 2. - eee eee ee eee eee 428
Cercidium.......-.....--------+-2+e+-e--eee- 407 QTISCUS . 220 eee eee ee 425
Cereus.........-.-....--.-.-.--------- 298,418, 414 QUMMOSUS.....-- 2-2-2 eee eee eee eee 425
acutangulus.....000.00-0--0-0- 2-0-2 eee 432 hamatus..-....---- set ee eene ence eeeeegos 430
alacriportanus .............0..------------ 414 haworthii,.......-......-----2---2++-20-- 418
albisetosus............----0-2----------5- 437 hermentianus.............0--20-202+02+5- 416
AMbIGUUS. . 22. eee ee eee 424 hexagonus.....-..-.--..-2--22ee eee eee eee 414
amecaensis.........------0 2002 eee eee eee 433 hirschtianus.... 2... 2.2.22 2220-22 - eee eee 424
anisacanthus........-.-...---22+2+------- 425 hollianus..........----5---02--0-222000 424,425
anizogonus...........--.-...------------ 429 hondurensis.............-20-25-0--2-455- 430
aragoni...........--.-----------+------- 435 hoppenstedtii......-...----- ++ +-2-0 0000s 416
QPMalUs...- 2... oe eee eee 419 houlletii.........00.0...-2------- Shoes -.. 417
ASSUTYENS . 22-22 eee eee 433 hystrix... 2-2... 022020222 425
bavosus.....--...---.-.-- 0-200 - eee eee eee 425 jamacaru......-.. 2... -- 2-26. 6-ee eee eee 414
baraniensis..............-------2--22+--+- 432 kerberi......-..-2---. wee eee eee eee eee 415
beneckei......-.....-.....-------------- 436 kunthianus..........00...5------ 22-2005 430
Difrons... 2.02.22 ee eee eee eee 434 laevigatus..............--.--------- Lenses 425
biolleyi ... 222222202 431 lanuginosus..........-2-2-0 2022222220225 417
boeckmanni.........- wee eee cece eee eee 429 lemairei....... 02-2000 2 2 ee eee eee 428
brevispinulus.......0.....-.-2-2--------+- 431 lepidotus ...........-.-------.+-2-e55- 397,414
462 INDEX.
Page.
Cereus—Continued.
leplophis.. 20.00 eee eee cece 435
longicaudatus. .... 2.22222... 222 eee 436
macdonaldiae..... 2.2.20 eee eee 430
macrocephalus.... 2.2.22. 0220..00022-20-- 47
mamillatus...............0..0..0.00000.-- 436
marginatus.............2..0.00.2.002... 418, 421
martianus.............2220-0000.00.20000. 436
miravallensis... 2.2.0.0 0000 431
MiIKLECENSIS . eee ee 425
Monoclonos.... 2... eee eee 418
napoleonis.............0000..022....-.. 429, 436
neumMannii. 2.22.2... cee eee eee eee eee 424
mickelsii. 2.2.2.0 0 000 419
MiLdUS eee eee 432
nobilis. 22.2... 0000000022.. Lovee eee ee ee 418
nudiflorus ....................... 397, 898.414
nycticalus. 22.0 431
OCAMPONIS... 2. eee ee 429
oreuttii. 22... eee 422
palmeri.... 2.0.22 427
paniculatus....2..020000.2.0.000.0.0....... 436
pecten-aboriginwim.. 2.2.0 ....00 00000022. 422
pectinatus centralis.....00 0000000002 293
pellwcidus.. 0.6.0 422, 432
pentagonus. 2.2222... cee eee eee eee elle 432
peruvianus ...20 2222022222 414
plumieri.. 22.22.22. 0 ee. 436
polygonus. 2.2.22... 418
polylophus... 2.0.06 119
poselgeri...- 0.0 eee 134
poltsii. 6. eee 128
PTINCEPS .. eee ee 432
pringlei..... 22.0.6 420, 422
PTUINOSUS 2. 425
pleranthus.......00020 oe 431
pugionifer. 20.0... eee 427
quadrangulispinis...0 00000000002 427
queretarensis. 22.0002 122
TAMOSUS. 2.222. Lecce eee cee eee eee 4132
repandus....2 0.002002 417, 423, 436
rigidissimus. .... beeen eee eee 293,437
robustior.... 2.000000 00 293
TOSETALUWS 2.2 eee 430
Toyeni.-.. 2.202020 418,419
Sargentianus. 6... ee 427
sehemekti..-. 2-20 427
Sehottiit. 2.2 426, 427
australis... eee 427
Schramkii. 2... 434
schumanni. 2-22 125
senilis.. 22.2.2. 0200000 419
SEPPEMINUS 2 125
serruliflorus.......2...000....0-.....-.... 137
SIMUL. eee 433
Sonorensis. 0.0.00. 0. 414,415
SPCCLOSISSLMUS . 2. eee 434
SPCCHOSUS. 2. 434
spinulosus.s....... 2200000002200 0 ee 431
Stellatus. 22.2. 426
stenopterus....... wee eee eee eee eee 429
SHTIALUS ee 434
Strictus. 2.00... Meee 418
subrepandus.. 22.22.02 423
swart2ti.. 2 120
testudo.. 2.2.22. eee 437
tetazO. 2. eee 421
Page.
Cereus—Continued.
thurbert . 2.0.0.2 cee ee eee 426
a 422
tonduazit. 2.2.20 eee eee 432
tomellianus. 2.2.2... eee eee eee 426
triangularis. 222.2... 2 eee 429
MAJOY 2. eee eee 429
tricostatus. oo... 429
UIGONUS. eee ee 429
costaricensis.. 2.0.0.0 ee eee ee 428
twberosus.. 2.22.22. 434
tumilla.. 2... eee 432
undatus 22... 423
vagans. 2.2.2... eee 437
variabilis. 200 432
vasmeri... 2.22... 433
viperinus ....2-2. 000.0 000.00022 2000 437
weberi. eee 426
weingartianus. 2.2.2... 2................ 437
wercklei.. 2.202222. 437
Chaerophyllum... 22. ..2....000............. 442
dasycarpum..... 2.2222. 2 2002 442
floridanum...........2.20.22.0..0.... 442,443
procumbens... ..........0.....0......--... 442
reflexum. 2.2 .2..000000000000.0.0.0--- 442,448
shortii-. 2.202220 0 02 442, 443
tainturieri.. 22.2222. 442
texanum.. 2.2.2.2 22022222 448
Chaetium cubanum .................0....... 232
festucoides. 2... ..2-00 20000222222 232
Chaetochloa glauca... 2222.00. 000.02 00008. 117, 129
hispida... 22.22... 22200000000 230
imberbis........--.-.0.0.0 2022.2. 132, 146, 230
penicillata... 22.222. 2 2.2.02 230
ONUIUS... 2.222222 230
purpurascens... 2.0.22... 22222 231
setosa. 2.0.2.2 eee 231
verticillata...........0000000000002 0002. 231
Chamaecrista amplistipulata........ weeeeeee 267
chamaecristoides........0000020000..0... 267
cinerea... 2.2.2.2 2 2 267
leptadenia... 2.2.22... 022. 268
Chamaeraphis parvigluma..........2......--- 232
Chitonia... 2.222202 278, 275
MeLICANA eee 275
Chloris barbata............... (nee 126, 142, 240
brevigluma.... 22.22.2200 00 239
ciliata... 2. 142, 239
eruciata.. 2... 2222222 120, 183, 142, 289
curtipendula.... 0.2... .0 02020 152
elegans... 2.22222. 239
cleusinoides............0..0..0... 120, 133, 239
Sk 239
monostachya. oo. 20.2 152
mucronata... 22-2 152
paraguaiensis. 22-020... 240
petraca.. 2... 142, 152, 240
polydactyla.. 2.2 2..2.20000000000. 126, 133, 142
radiata... 2.2.2. .00 2200200000000. 120, 142, 240
swartziana.- 22.2... eee 142, 240
virgata... 222222 142
Chytroma... 2... 0.2.2.2 eee 96
Cinna arundinacea.......22.0.20.02020... 115, 144
glomerata... 2.20... eee 193
latifolia... 2.2.0. 144
Cissus sieyoides.. 2.0 .02.0.0020202...--..... 284
subtruneata. ... 2.000 22000000.0.0000002... 284
re
v
INDEX, 463
Page. Pages
Clidemia sp... ..2..2.220-.s220ss eee eee eeeees 108 | Cogswellia—Continued.
Clitoria sericea... ....22... 0022-22082 22 20222 271 | robustior........---..+--++++++20s Fees 451
Cnidoscolus .........---2++eee-eeeeeeetteeees 281 | sandbergii..........000----22 222282 ooo ee 451
palmeri.....2.-....--- 20-22 eeee eee 282 | serpentina. ... 2.2.2.2... 26222-22262 e eee 451
Cocobola..........---++eeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeess 100 | simulans...........------+------+e e203 451
Cogswellia. ...........----222+220e e222 eee 448 sonnei.........2.-2- 20-22 ee eee eee eee 45
alata... 2.2... 2-22 ecco eee ee ee eee eee 448 suksdorfii........---------- 2-2-2220 222 °> 451
ambigua...........-..------- 55222222 448 tomentosa. .......---.-- 22-22-20 e eee eee 451
angustata.........-..-.-----+225 22222 eee 449 torreyi...........-.2--2--2- 022022 eee eee 451
anomala.............------+++eee- eet eee 449 triternata........--------.-.-2 22222 ee eee 451
argensis.............------22222-0e2 2207+ 449 utriculata.........-.------ eee eee 451
artemisiarum.........----------+--+-++°° 449 | vaginata...........--..-----2+522-2 2550+ 451
austinae............------+ +2222 282 - eee ee 449 | vaseyi.... 2.2.0.2. 2-222 eee eee etter 451
bicolor..........------------+2ee eee 449 — villosa... oe eee ee eee eee eee 448
precciarum ........--.-------+ee22e cere 449 | watsoni..........--2- 20-2222 e ee eee eee 451
brevifolia........---0.-2e--eeeeeeeeeee eee 449 | Coix dactyloides.............0.--+ 2200222205 124
canbyi.........2.... 22-2. 2 eee este eee 449 | lacryma jobi.........----------++-++++- 128, 190
caruifolia............------- 22-22-2222 05: 449 | (polynomial). ......-...-------+---+++++-- 128
a 449 | Commicarpus.........--------+++++222222-> 373
vaseyi.........2--22------s eee eee 451 brandegei........---------2++0 522222202 374
circumdata.......-- 22. .0--- 6-02-22 eee 449 | glabrior......-....----+++-22255-555° 374
congdoni..............----2 222220222200 449 | scandens......----------++---eeeeeeec cee 373
COUS....-. 00. cee ceccceceecceeseteeeeeeces 449 | Conioselinum........-....----.+2s52525s250 446
cusickii.. 2200.00.00... 200-2 449 — coloradense.... 2.22... +--+ 022000005 - eee 446
dasyearpa...-. 20.0000 00.0 449 | scopulorum........-.-..---- 225522220005 446
daucifolia............--------- 2-22-22 449 | Conzattia...........------ 22-2222 e eee eee 407
decipiens... .......-.---- 22222 - 22ers 449 arborea........-------+2-2e2 eee cette 408
donnellii............------ +--+ 2-22-2222 449 | Corehorus pilobolus ....-..-------------+- 106, 108
elliptica. 2.00.02... 00-22. eee e eee 449 | Cordia cylindristachya........-----+-++--+-- 109
farinosa........2.ecccceeeceeeeeeeeeeteees 449 | Couroupita..........-.--22...02202 20222 96, 98
flava... 0.0.00 2 eee eee ee eee eee eee 449 guianensis. .......-.-.---------++++55e07> 98,99
foeniculacea........-...---------+---°> 449 — nicaraguarensis ...-...-------------- 95, 98, 99
geyeri.. 2.222.222 2 eee eee eee 449 | odoratissima.....--.-.---.---+2 2552-882 99
gigantea....... 2... 222-2022 2222 reer 449 Cracca affinis .......-.-----------+- 2-00 269, 270
gormani........-......--2002 20228 e 449 | cuernavacana........----22-.- 2 ester eee 269
grayi.. 0.000.022. 2e cece ee eee eset eee 450 | diversifolia.........--..2--222000+- 22222 270
hallii.........----2----- eee eee eee eee 450 | langlassei........-.------22+2222+e rece 270
hendersonii........-.----------++--+2009 > 450 | major.....-----------+ +2222 22s e ere 270
jaredii.........-. 20-2... 00-- 0200s eee eee 450 | multifolia......-....---.----2222 2-22 270
jonesii......-....------- 222202 eee tee 450 palmeri........----- 22+ +- 2222 ee etree 270
juniperina.... 2.0.0... .--------25eee eee 450 platyphylla. .....--...----2+--25 252-2 270
laevigata... 2.22.2... 6-22.22 e eee 450 platyrachis.....--...---0-----552--- 00> 270
latifolia... 0... 22222-22022 eee e eet 450 sericea... 22.222 eee eee eee 271
leibergi...........------ 22-2222 - eee ee 450 tenella. ........----- 22-2220 e eee eee 27
lemmoni........--.----------++-e7- 0007 450 | Crotalaria eriocarpa........---------++++-++- 273
leptocarpa......-.-----------522+eer cree 450 gloriosa.... 2. ----- 0-0-2522 e eee rere 273
macdougali..........------+---2+++5520°> 450 molliculata......-....------++-222+--+2-00° 273
macrocarpa.....----------2----+e+6e> 450.451 | Cuphea........0. 6-22 --- 22-25 eee een 287
marginata........------+-+-----222e ee 450 goldmanii.........-.--.--+++-+22 552200 287
martindalei........----- eee ee ee 450 hookeriana.........----------+++2--000 ee 289
angustata 2.2.00. --- 220022 neers 449 imberbis.......------------++++-2rectcree 288
microcarpa..........---2-2+525--2 5025 450 llavea... 2.2... e eee eee eee eee eee 287
millefolia.... 2.2.2... -- 222222000 o ere 450 | lophostoma. ....---------++-++2225eeeee+ 288
mohavensis.....-.---------++++-e+e-5000te 450 lozanii.........----- 22-222 e eee eter 288
montana........-----------+-eeee ere 450 lutea. .... 2222-2 eee eee eee eee eter ee 289
nevadensis......-..---------++-+-2+--00°° 450 painteri.........------2--- 22222 eer eres 289
cupulata.......-----------+++ee eee 450 palmeri......--------22+---+25eeeeeereee 288
parishii.........---++2---5+2ee errr 450 tolucana......-----------2- 222222 ere 289
pseudorientalis.......-----.--------- 450 visCOS@.. 22222-20222 eee eee eee eee 289
nudicaulis..........-----------++5e02020 + 450 | Cusickia......-...---------22222 2-20 c rete 448
oregana...... Teen cece cece ceeeees 450 | Cycloptera.......--...--2050--- 22052 ettt tre 327
orientalis.........-----------+2++--- cet? 450 | Cymopterus.........-..-----+++2-5--55 reese 446
parishii..........-22..0--0-2-0ee22ee ee 450 — aboriginum......-........----.2222255 447
piperi... 22... .---2.---- 2.22 eee ee 450 oblongus...-....---------2----22000+ 447
platyearpa.......-----------222222 2 450 | ovalis......-0-5 50-20-22 eee rere 447
platyphylla.....--...------- ++ +2525055- 450 subternatus.......-----------+----+-- 447
450 pasalticus......-----------:+-2220crrree 447
464 INDEX.
Page Page
Cymopterus —Continued. Echinocactus—Continued.
humboldtensis. 2.222200. 00000..0.000... 447 saltillensis. 200.0000 eee ee 290
lapidosus deserti.. 2.2.20 00 0000.00 2 0... 447 sceheeri 2.2 290
owenensis. 2.000202. 2 ee 447 Victoriensis. 2.20.02 22 ee. 291
Cynodon dactylon....- 0.000.000 0.0... sees 238 | Echinocereus...........0 00.0.0... 435
Cynosurus aegyptius. 9.00020 130 241 baileyi. 2... 403
indicus... eee 241) caespitosus.... 2000202 293, 403
(polynomial)... 202.2000 0 2002 130 | centralis. 2.2. 293
virgatus 0.0202 117, 122, 133, 242 | OCMOTYE ee eee ee 435
Dactylis cynosuroides.....-...00 8... 121, 129,153 | pectinatus...... 02000000 ee 293
(polynomial)..... 2... Lee cence ee 115,129) centralis. 2.202000. 293
Dactyloctenium aegyptium........_- 132,152, 241 rigidissimus.......0.00000-0-0.0-0-.. 293
Dalea anthonyi.. 222.0000 0 00 272 robustus.. 6000200 293
capitata.. 2.222 vee eee eee eee. 272) poselgeri.. 6. ee, rn 8. |
crassifolia... 0.2200. 272 | rigidissimus........., eee 293
Prutescens. 22... 272 robustior... 00.00.06... Se eee 293
luted... 2 273 serpentinus........... -- -... 424
macrostachya... 2.02.0. 2 ee 273 tuberosus........0. eee 434
polycephala... 2.2... 00 0000 273 | viridiflorus..... 2... bee eee ee 435
Schaffneri. 0. 273 Echinochloa colona. ..._. Leese 132, 218, 222
similis. 000.000 273 erus-galli. e220 _ 129,132,146, 2138
tomentosa... 2.222 273 walteri.. 2.2... Se eee 117,146, 218
Danthonia spicata. ...2. 02000000020 155 Elaphrium pubescens... . Soe eee 279
Deschampsia caespitosa.....00.0...00000 120 Eleusine filiformis....0 200 0 153, 241
flexuosa... 2002 120, 152 indica. .... 0... . 126,130, 133, 168
Diarina festucoides...00000 22 lod mucronata... .. So, . 158,241
foliosa. 2.2 206 «~Elymuscanadensis. . .. . ..) 988
Digitaria... 2... 146 | glaucifolius.....00 00022. . . 123,124
paspalodes. 00... 146 | hystriz. _ .. 124,130
pilosa... eee 146 philadelphicus......0........ eee 123
pulehella. oo... 233 sibiricus ...... ns Br |
sanguinalis. 2.220200 0 146 virginicus...2..0..00........ . 124,128,154
Serotind. 2. 146 | Ephedra compacta........._. we eee 261
setosa. 2.2 fee eee 209 pedunculata....0 2020 261
Dilepyrum aristosum.... 0.20.0. 0 0. 143, 144 | Eragrostis airoides.......................... 243
minutiflorum. 2-22.00 00. wee e cee 144 | bahiensis....0 02 22.022 134, 243
Dimorphostachys ciliifera.........- 222... 201 | berteroiana voce eee eee eee sees. 248
peduneulata.. 22.222... 205 | eapillaris....0 0 ele. cece eee 121
Dioon purpusii-.....0-22200 000 260, ciliaris. 22.2. 121, 2438
Diphysa echinata.....2.......00...-00.0 0... 271 cubensis. 20.02.0222. 248, 244
minutifolia. 2.22020 27 elliottii.. See eee eee eee eee 244
occidentalis... . bee e cece eee elle. 271 eragrostis........0....... bee c eee cece 155
Diplandra... 22.22.00 294, 295 excelsa. 2.2.00 2 02 J. 244
lopezioides.. 2.222.220.0200 295 glutinosa........022 022 134,143,244
Discopleura capillacea costata..... 2.0.0.2... 444 hirsuta. .....0000000000.0002............. 154
costata. 2... 444 hypnoides...........-................ 155, 244
Distichlis spicata. 2.2.2.2 200 0000000000. 154, 245 macropoda..... 2.02... 0 252. 244
Distictis robinsoni............0.- 0222. 110, megastachya.........02........ . 121,130,155
Dulongia. 2.022200 174 MiNOr.. 2.22220 eee Lone e eee 121
acuminata... 222.22 173, 174 nitida. 2.2... 244
integerrima.... 2.20... 0 0.20. 173, 174 pectinacea.. 2.2... .000000.00.. ..... 121,180,155
laticuspis.... 02.02.2020 178, 174 pilosa... eee 245
Katonia obtusata. 2.002222 152 plumosa.. 2.222.022.0222 245
purpurascens... 153 prolifera. 22.22.20 134,143
Echeveria australis.........2.200000 2... 396 refracta.. 2.222.000.0000 154
bifureata... 20002. 439 replans . 2.2 244
carnicolor... 2.000 0....... cece cece eee lee 393 Sudans . 2.2.2. .000000 00002 ... 148, 237,244
guatemalensis........_. cece eee eee eee 895 tenella. .... 2.0.00 0200 0022. Lecce ee 245
lurida...... wee eee 393 plumosa.. 20.2... e eee 245
maxonii..... ween ee eee eee 395 | tephrosanthes. 2.2.2.2 .0.20002.000.0.... 245
minutiflora .. eee eee eee 391,392 | Erianthus alopecuroides.... 2.202500 125, 128
trianthina..2.22 02 439 brevibarbis.. 2000202. 151
Echinocactus brevihamatus........0........ 290 contortus. 2.2.22... 0.2.0 128
megarrhizus....0 20.020... oe eee 290) divaricatus. 0000002200 125, 128
palmeri.... 22200020020 0., es] |) JIGANteUs 2. 151
pruinosus. 22.22.0220... occ. 425 saccharoides... 22.2.2. . 022222 151, 190
robustus....... 291 | KEriochloa annulata....... cece eaee vee eee 208
we
INDEX. 465
Page. Page
Friochloa—Continued. Harperia.......--. 2.202200. 0 eee eee eee eee 444
filifolia... 2.2.20... 20222 e eee eee eee 207 | Harrisia..............-.---------------+-- 416, 422
michauxii......... ccc e cece eeee eee cece 147 brookii.........-.--..-.2-2-22---------+--- 422
MOIS... ee ee eee eee 146 eriophora........-..-----------2--2+e-2--- 422
punctata.........---2---------+-+-- .. 119,208 fernowi.............---2.-00---2- 2-2-2 25- 422
subglabra.....---....-2-2--2---0--+--- 208 gracilis............22-0. 05-20-22 ---2 020 e- 423
TaMOSA.....------ 2 ee eee eee 208 nashii............------ nee eee cece eens 423
subglabra....-.-.-.-.--2---5-----+2-25-°- 208 portoricensis........... Loe eee eeweeeeee 423
Eryngium..............---------202ee2225 5: 442 taylori. 22.22.2222 222 eee eee eee 42:
compactum............--.------2 2220-5 442 undata.......-....-----.-22-2--2--2----- 423
diffusum............--.---2-----2+------- 442 | Heliconia bihai..................-----.------- 106
Eschweilera.............---.--2---22+0--80 96,97 | Heliocereus............------+-+-2++++0+---5- 438
ealyculata...........--5----- 2-222 eee ee 97 amecaensis........-....---2--22--22--2--- 433
eollinsii............--- eee eeeee 97,98 | CoCCiINeUS.......2222-22 2-2-2 eee ee ee ee eee 433
parvifolia... 2.202000. 22.2222 eee eee eee ee 97 schrankii....... 2.0... --22-.--2--02----+- 434
Escontria.... 22.2... .---- 2-2-2 eee eee eee 420 | speciOSUS..........--- 2. - 22222 e eee ee eee 434
chiotilla. 00.0002. 0.2 2.0.00. c eee eee eee 420 | Hemsleyna.. 2.2.2.2... 2.0.00. 0.2 022s eevee 279
Euenida cordata..........---....-----20---- 287 | Hermidium..........-..-.-..------.s002+0++ 372
nelsonii......... (cece eee eee eeeee 286 alipes.. 2.2... ...2. 02022 e eee eee eee eee 372
pringlei............0--0 0.22 2-222 eee eee 287 | Hesperonia.........-.-----.---0-0-022 222 ee 360
Eulychnia......-- ccc eee ee eee ee eee eee 413 | aSPeTa.. 2... 22-2222 eee eee eee eee 362
Eupatorium ballotaefolium..............---- 111 | villosa.........2-2--22-22-2 22-22 -eeeee 36:
macrophyllum....... 0.0... ------2-2555+ 111 ealifornica.........--...-----+--+-+---- 363, 364
Eustachys petraea... 5.0. ee 240 microphylla. .........-----------+--- 365
Excoecaria.....0000 00. eee eee 161 cedrosensis........----.------------++--- 362
agallocha....00 0000-0... 2. eee ee eee 161 glutinosa.............-..----- Doe e eee 365, 369
Ferula foeniculacea. 2200-02000 ee eee eee eee 449 retrorsa.... 0.222. .20- 2-2-2222 ee eee 365
Festuca bromoides..........--...----------- 154 gracilis................--------- Loe eee 365, 369
diandra............-.-.--..-.------ +++ 154 laevis... .2...--------2------------ _.... 8638
distichophylla...........---.--- Lecce eee 154 oligantha............---------+---2---+-- 365
elatior............-..2-5--00-20---0--02--- 154 polyphylla........-------------2+0+-+--- 364
fascicularis.............-0 6222-20220 - +2 241 tenuiloba...........--..------2-------+-- 363
filiformis. 2.20.02. 2.2222 eee eee ee 153 | Heteropogon contortus........--.----------- 196
fluitans...-. 22... conc ee eeeeeee 154 SCCUNdUS . 2... eee eee eee eee 196
myuros....- cbc eee eee e ee ee eeeee 154 | Hippocratea obovata........--.------------- 176
NULANS. 222 eee 149 sotulifera.......-.2...----------++++----- 177
obtusa......0...---. eee eee eee eens 149 | Hippomane glandulosa....-......------------ 162
octoflora.. 22.2000... 022-2 eee eee eee eee 154 | Holeus halepensis..........----------+-++-+- 195
poneoides. eee eee eee eee eee 154 | Holeus larus...........-.-----+------ 126, 130, 155
polystachya.. 2.02.2... eee eee eee eee eee ee 154 odoratus.....-...---------+-2-02 eee ee eee 151
pratensis... eee eee eee eee eee 154 sorghum......--.-.--2.-------2+--+-++++- 195
sciurea............ 2-2-2 eee eee eee eee 154 SUTIQIUS 2. eee eee 127, 130, 213
Frumentum (polynomial). .........--------- 182 | Moly herb...........---------------+ +25 -2+-- 371
Furcraea tubiflora...............------------ 262 | Homalocenchrus..........----------++------ 144
Galphimia.............------+---+2+eeee2e 0 279 hexandrus...........------------- 115, 136, 234
angustifolia... ... 2.0.2... 2-22 e eee ee eee 280 lenticularis...........--2----------e-++-+ 144
glandulosa..........-------+-+++-+-++0++- 281 monandruS......-.-.-------+-+---+++-- 136, 235
linifolia..............-.-----2-2+0-0-0+2-- 280 oryzoides.........----------+-- 115, 130, 136, 144
sessilifolia....-.....----- cece e ee eeeeeee 981 | Hordeum jubatum...........-.-------+------ 124
Ct 281 (polynomial). ...........--.----+++-+--+- 128
Gaura grandiflora. .... ...........-.-.------ 2983 | Huracrepitans........------+--+--+-+e+-+-5+ 107
Gaya violacea.....00 00-022... e eee ee eee eee 286 | Hydrochloa caroliniensis.......-.----------- 156
fant cactus. ......00000- 02.2 e eee eee eee eee 421 fluitans... 2.22... 2-2- 2-022 e ee eee cece 156
Goldbachia mikani........-...-------+--+--+- 197 | Hydrocotyle rotundifolia. ......-.----------+ 442
Gramen (polynomial)....... cece eee eeeeeeee 126, | Hylocereus........---------+-+--+-222e eee eee 428
128,129, 1380,132,133,133, 184,135, 143 calearatus......---------+----2-2+eeeeeeee 428
Graphephorum melicoideum. .......-..----- 152 costaricensis.........----.-----+-++-++++- 428
Grias..............--- 2222-222 ee ee eee eee 95 lemairei............---.---------0 22-222 428
Gymnopogon ambiguus. .......-.--.-------- 152 napoleonis...........--------+-+-+--+---+- 429
Gymnothriz domingensis ...-....-----+-+------ 232 ocamponis.........-.-.-.-----+++----- 428,429
Gynerium saccharoides..........------------- 242 stenopterus........-...--------+e+e+e-e++ 429
sagittatum..............------+-+-+-+--- 242 triangularis............------+----+-++-+-- 429
Hackelochloa granularis. ...... 118, 134, 142, 156,191 tricostatus..............-.-----------+--- 429
Hamelia patens..........-..------+-----+--- 110 | Hymenachne amplexicaulis. ...........----- 212
Harperella...........----- 2.222222 02 2222 eee 444 auriculata......-.....----------+-+-22+++ 212
nodosa. ...... 2-22-22 eee eee eee eee 444 fluviatilis. ... 2.0.2.0. 0 2-2 e eee eee eee 213
466 INDEX,
Page. Page.
Hypogynium spathiflorum .... 0. .....0.00222- 194 Leptotaenia—Continued.
Hystrix hystrix. 2.0.00 00.00 0000.0 0000 200 124, 130 amomala.......- 22-20-22 ee eee ee eee 448
patula... 22.2.2. 2 124, 130 0) 448
Ichnanthus mayarensis.............2.... 228,229 | ligusticella...... 20.20.2020. 22.2. 445
nemorosus................-.-.-.--- ee 138,228 | eastwoodac.. 22.2.2... 22.22 eee ee 445
pallens... 22222000200... .0 02202. c cee 140, 228 | Ligusticum.. 2... . 20020222 eee eee ee 445
wrightii.........2.2.....---....2---0---e 229 affine. 2... eee eee eee 445
Imperata brasiliensis. ..............2........ 190 | eastwoodac...... 2.2.2... 22.02 eee eee ee eee 445
caudata.. 2.202... 125, 133 MACOUNI. .---. 2. ee eee eee eee 445, 446
Indigofera densiflora.............0....2-2.... 274 | simulans... 2.2.2.2... 22 ee 445
tremidula..........0000000000200002222.. 278 0 Lindenia... 2.22.0... eee ee 372
Interzonary band in Lecythidaceae.......... 95 gypsophiloides.. 2.2... 2.22 eee cee eee ee 372
TOS. 2 ceo eee cece ccc ce cece. 159 | Linum cruciatum........0...........-...--. 27
Ipomoea biloba............0..00..02....-2--. 109, lasiocarpum . 2.22.22... eee eee 274
Tsachne arundinacea...............--....---- 140 | Lithachne azillaris. 2.202000 0 0000000000002. 233
leersioides. 2.2. ...2.000..02002.0 220-2 198, 208 paueiflora. 2.2... 233
rigens... 2.2.22. 202-0 0000002 138 pineti... 2022200002 _ 23:
Ischaemum rugosum..........2.......2..-2- 191 | Llavea.. 22... eee 282
SECUNdUM . eee ccc ee eee 232 VISCOSA. eee ee 282
Jatropha. ............. bocce eee cece eee 21 Lomatia... 2.2... 22222 448
palmeri.. 00.000. eee cee eee 282 | Lomatium.... 00.0.0... ee 448
urens stimulosa......20....0....20.000.. 108 MAtUM . eee 448
Jehlia.. 2.22222. 2 22. Lee eee 207 | artemisiarum .. 2.2.02 449
grandiflora... 00000000000... 207 flavum... 2... 449
macrophylla..... 2.0 ...20.0.0002..0.-2--- 297 foeniculacewin. 2.2... 00 000000 449
TUGAstTUmM o.oo eee ee 96 | QTAYL. ee 450
Nirganelia salviacfolia... 2.0000 eee 174 | macrocarpum artemisiaruit.........0.... 449
Korycarpus diandrus...- 2.2.0.0 .0..0000.02--- 154 | semivillatum... 22.02. 449
Lagurus (polynomial). ..............0-... 128,129 | martindalei angustatum........0...02.... 449
Lantana camara.......2.2200.0000..0.00-02-- 109 parishii.. 2.2222 450
Se 110 platyphyllum. oo. 2 200000 450
Tappago aliena.. 2.022.220 0000s 196 PUPPUTEUM. 22 eee eee 451
PACEMOSA.. 2.2.22 196 | VASEYE. ee 451
Lavaunia palustris. 0202000022 294 Lopezia.......000000 002. 294,298
triloba. 2... 222.2 294 clavata.. 22.2. 296
Lecythidaceae, Costa Rican species.......... 95 elegans. ... 22.2200 0 ee ..... 298
Leeythis .... 222.220 20002220 96, 99 | glandulosa... 2...2...0000000000.0... ... 298
costaricensis . 2.0.0.0. 000.000. 2eeeeeeee 99 grandiflora... 0.000000 Lecce eee 297
lanceolata. 22.22.22. 22.0200 100 | insignis..... 20000000000. 296,297
Ollaria.. 22.222 100 longiflora....... cece eee eee eee eee... 296,297
Deersia herandra.... 2.2... eee 136 macrophylla. oo. 2.200... eee eee eee 207
lenticularis.. 0000000000 eee 144 mexicana..........0.020....2.-2....---. 301
monandra. 22.0020 senna 136 OALACANA. 2... eee 299
oryzoides. 2.222602 136, 144 | palmeri..-. 220002002 299
virginica... 0.2.2 eee 144 parvula....... wee eee e eee eee 300
Lemiaireocereus. 220000000200 424,435 pringlei.. 2.22.22. 2 0.0022 300
cumengei. 2.220222 eee 424 racemosa. 22.2... ....0000 0000000 eee 298
dumortieri... 2... .202 2000000200000 0 0022. 425 smithii.. 2.22202. 300
eruca........ wee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee 425 Stricta.. 2.002222 301
griscus..... 220.220.200.222 eee 425,426 violacea. 2.2.2.0 301
gummMosus.........-002000.0 00000000022 425 Lophocereus......2...........2--.--- 22 e eee 426
hollianus.......... Nec ee cee een eee 425 australis. 22... 427
hystrix. 222.202. 02ee 425 sargentianus..........202.20000000 2.002. 427
mixtecensis. 2... .2-.2.0.0000..02..2..-.- 425 schottii.. 2.220000 427
schumanni........0......0.02..0.00.0.0..-. 425 | Lucuma.......... bee eee eee eee 99
stellatus. 2.2.0.0 0000000200000000000202.. 425,426 | Luziola alabamensis .................. wee... 284
thurberi.. 2.2... 20 0002200002000 426 bahfensis........0000.0000000 0000.00.20... 234
treleasei. 2.222222. eee 426 longivalvula. 2.2.2.0 0.0.00 234
weber... 2.2.2.2. 426 Malvaeopsis...........000000 00 286
Leptocereus. 2.0.2.0... 2 002 483 Malvastrum......2.0.000000 0000. 286
ASSUTZENS. 2.2.2.2. eee 43% Malvastrum bicuspidatum.................. 286
Leptochloa fascicularis...........0...2.2-... lit seabrum.. 2... .2.00000 0000000000. ee eee 286
filiformis......02002020.... occ ee eee eee 153 tricuspidatuim bicuspidatum.............- 286
mucronata......-..... Lecce ee eens 117,138,158 | Mamillaria........2.200.. wee eee eee eee 290
virgata... 0.000022 117,122,133 | Manisuris cylindricus................- ea... 152
Leptocoryphium lanatum....2.....0......-. 207 granularis ....0..2.00.... 118, 134, 142,156,191
Leptotaenia....2.0 2.02222 .0 0.2000. 448 impressa .. 2... 2. eee eee ee eee 191
INDEX. AGT
Page. | Page.
Manisuris—Continued. | Morkillia—Continued.
loricata... 22.2... 22... 0-22 ee ee eee eee eee 191 | mexicana.........-....25-0. eee eee eee eee 276
quinguifida......-....--- 2-2-0200 202-2 - ee 120 | Mozinna............-------2+222222 eee 281
Marsdenia maculata............--.------- 106, 109 pauciflora...........--------- 22-2 eee eee 282
robinsoni......-.....--------------e+0+5+ 109 Mucuna flagellipes................----------+ 107
Mayna brasiliensis. ..........----+-+++-+++--- 177. | Muhlenbergia aristata..........------------- 144
Melica glabra............-.--------+++++-+--- 153 eapillaris...............---------- .... 150, 237
mutica......... 2.022222 2 eee eee eee eee 153 diffusa... 02.2220 e eee eee ee eee 144
purpurascens........-..------+-+-+++---- 156 mexicana...........-2-------2-20 +--+ 119, 150
striata... 2.0.22. ee ee eee ee 156 | racemosa.......... coe eee eee cece eeeee 150
Melocactusguatemalensis.........-..++------- 290 schreberi...........-..----- +... ----5+- 117,144
maxonii .........-..-.-- +--+ eee eee eee eee 290 | spicata... . 2.2.2... 0-206. e eee eee eee eee 246
Mesosetuum cayennense.....-..----- 2262-555 211 Murupita...........--..- wee eee eee eee 160
rottboellioides......-.--.--.....--------- 211 Musineon...............----- 2-20-02 eee 443
sclerochloa..............-----++2+-2+5° .. 212 | pedunculatum.........-.-------+---+--- 443
wrightii.. 2.02.2... 2.222205 2-2-2222 e eee 211. vaginatum....-.......-------- Lecce cesses 443
Mexican plants, Mr. Rose’s collections of 1906. 290 | Myginda eucymosa............----.+----- A71,175
Miliwm cimicinum........----.---+---+--0++- 141 | gaumeri......-.....----------2--2-0--0-- 176
COMPTESSUM.... 2... 222-222 - eee eee 141,207 | UTAGOLA. 22.22 ee eee 176
digitatum........----- Lo ceeeee 134,141, 142,209 | Myrtillocactus.......-...--------+------+-+- 427
panicewm....- 2... 06.00 141, 142 | cochal............-- 2.000222 eee eens eens 427
(polynomial). ........-------. 2-0 --2----+ 131 | geometrizans.............---------++++5-- 427
punctatum ... 2.200006 e ee eee ee eee 119,208 schenckii............--------2--+2+0-0--- 427
TAMOSUM . 622 eee 208 Nazia aliena..............-..-.----------++-- 196
ViILLOSUM 2 2 eee eee 142 ; Neopringlea. ............--------. 5-5 -222005- 282
Mirabilis.............-..-..------ 884, 360, 360, 366 integrifolia..............----- Tee eee 282
AQGregaa -. 62.22 ee eee eee ee 344 visC@OS@ .. 2.2 eee eee 282
albida.. 2.22.00 0-0-2 2 eee eee 356 Nopalea guatemalensis...... cee eee eee 405
angustifolia... 2.0... 2-0-2222 ee eee renee 341 | lutea... 2.022022 2 eee ee eee eee eee 405
bigelovii........0. 22.0022 02 00 e ee eee ee 366,369 Nopal coyotillo...............-....----2--+- 291
californica... .... 020.0222 2020-2 ee eee 360,364 Nopalito...........---------- 226-02. 0 ee eee 291
coccinead......------ beeen eee eee cess 339 Nyctaginia............-----------.--2------- 330
scabridata........----- 2222-22-22 2 - 340 | capitata .....2......0.0-0 22-022 330, 331
exserta.........0..-.-220-5--- 2-2 eee eee 367 cockerellae..........-..------ 02-2 +--+ 22 330
froebelii...... 2.20.02 2-20-22 0ee eee eee ee 359 obtusa... 2.0.22 eee eee 371
glutinosa... 2.2.0.0 02-2222 365 lorreyand.........--2- 2-222 358
QTEONCL. eee eee ee 358 | Nyctago.....------------ coe c cece cee eeeeees 366
hirsuta... 2.222.220 eee eee 532 Nyctocereus.......-----------+-++-222 2222s 423
jalapa........022.2.0----0------- 366, 367, 368 hirschtianus.....-..-.---.-.----------+-- 424
ciliata. ..22. 220.2222 2 eee eee eee 368 | neumannii.....-.....---------------+++- 424
gracilis. .....2...----- 2-26-06 22-2055 367 | serpentinus.........-..------2--+2+20009- 423
lindheimeri.......-.-...------------ 368 | Olla de mono................--------------+- 100
voleanica......-...---..-.------- 367,368 | Olyra azillaris............--.--.-------+ +++ -- 233
laevis... 0.2.2 eee eee ee 363 | latifolia ................---- 124, 132,135,283
linearis... 22-2... 2-20-52 e eee eee eee 341 paniculata... 02.0... 2.2222 eee eee eee 135
subhispida..........-..----++-+-+-+-+- 342 paueiflora ...........-----. 2-5 +++ -+-- 135, 233
multiflora... 22.0... -- 22200002 e eee e eee 358 | PINeli ee eee eee eee 233
froebelii .... 0.000220 eee eee ee eee ... 360 | Opizia stolonifera.........-....---++++++---- 242
pubescens... 2.0.2 22-2. eee eee ee eee ee 359 Oplismenus hirtellus.......-..--.-------- 119,229
NYCIAGINEA. 2.2.2.2 349 | setarius.... 2.2.20... --- 2-2-2 eee e eee eeee 146
oblongifolia... ..........0....---- 20-22 ee 350 Opuntia arizonica......-.-...-.-.----------- 402
orybaphoides..........----- +0 +++ ---2-+- 357 AZUTCA. eee eee eee 291
glabrata... -. 2.20.2 22-20-22 eee eee 357 | pblakeana..............--------------- 401,402
pseudaggregata.... 0.22.22. eee ee eee eee eee 356 chihuahuensis..........--.-----------+--- 291
subhirsuta...... coe eee e eee es i) discata...2. 22-20... 22-25-0002 22-22 eee ee 401
retrorsad......------- 22222 eee eee eee eee 365 engelmanni........-------------++---- 401, 402
tenuiloba........: Beene eee e eee ce eeeeeeeees 363 | grahamii...........-----2.2.0.---- 222255 293
triflora............-..-------------+--- 357, 358 | lindheimeri.....-...-...-------------- 401, 402
viSCOSM.... 2-2. eee eee eee eee eee eee 347 | Moydii....... 0 eee eee eee 292
wrightiana. ...........--------+---+----- 369 | phaeacaw#ha........------.------- 291,292, 401
Mniochloa pulchella..............----------- 233 | pyriformis.....00000..002..00.0. 2222 eee 292
strephioides...........-...-.------+++-+- 233 | toumeyi... 0.20.00... 0.022222 402
Monachne subglabra........--.-----------+-- 208 vilis. 200022 293
unilateralis.......2..------+- +222 2222200: 147) Oreoxis.. 222.2222 eee eee eee 446
Monkey pot...-........-------+---e--e2- ee: 100 | Organo......--....--2-- +--+ 222-2555 Lecce eens 418
Morkillia..........--.... 2-20-02 -2e eee ee eee ee 275 | Orumbella...........-.-------2--2--2----+= 445
acuminata...........---------++---++--- 275 macounii............-...---.--------+--- 446
468 INDEX.
Page. Page.
OLY 28. ooo eee eeeceeeee ee. 131 Panicum—Continued.
“(polynomial)....................... 130 angustifolium.. 2.220000 0000 0000222, 148, 149
Sativa... 00020 131,234 appressuM . 2... 222
Oryzopsis asperifolia............2.0......... 149 aquatioum. 2.2, 218
Junced 2. ee 151 arizonicum. 2.2.0... 2.2... 137
pungens................................. 151 arundinacewm. .. 2.6.2.2 000 140
Oxalistylis kunthiana...........--........... 174 ashe... 148
Orybaphus...................... 334, 360 @uriculatum.. 22... 212
aggregatus.......................00 2... 344,345 bambusoides. 2.2.0.0 000000000020 220, 221
albidus......000...0..-. 00002. _.. B56 barbinode..- 222.2002, 137, 224
angustifolius............................. 341 barbulatum. 22... 220022. 117, 148
decumbens.................. eee 345 bartowense... 2.0.2. 000.00000000 0002. 218
linearis... 00000 eee 341 boseii-. 22... 118, 147
viscidus.........-................... 356 brevifolium. 2.2... ..2220000 0000222. 140, 227
bodini.......220.2 00 344 brizoides. 2.2.2.0... wee eee eee cece eee 222
californicus.....................-- 364 caerulescens ........002200... 219, 224, 297, 298
cervantesii....2.0.00200000.0 ee 351 caespitosum .. 2.22... eee 141,225
grandifolius........0.0.0 00. 349 eapillacewm... 2.2.2.2 140
COCCINEUS.. 2.2222 eee 339 eapillare 2.222022. 118, 127,134, 147
cucullatus. 22.2.0. 000..0.0...- 0-2 350 caricoides.... 2222... 227
decumbens... ....0.......0..0 202 344 cayennense.... 2.2.0.2... 218
floribundus... 2.000.000. 02 350 ChaetiuM... 2... 232
froebelii.. 9.000 359 chartaginense ©... 02.22.0000 022. 138, 139
glaber...22.000..000... cove cece eee. 341 Chawvintd ee 220
glabrifolius 0.2... BAD, BOA chloroticum.. 2.0... 20 0002 218
crassifolius we ce eee ee eee ee eee 364 chrysopsidifolium wee eee eee eee eee 218
minor... 2.000000 350 clandestinum 22.22. ..0.0000000000... 118, 134
hirsutus. 0.00000 00 2 352 | COlONUM . 2.2.22 119, 132, 213
integrifolius.....0 0.000000 352 | comophyllum... 2.2 2...000..0022-00 02. 138,217
laevis..-2 02... 857,368 | compactum . 2... 141,219
linearifolius.. 2.2... Lecce eee cece ee 356 | condensum . 2.2.2.2... 222. 212,219, 223
multi florus. 2.020000 eee 358 erusgalli . 22220. 117,119, 146, 213
Oxybaphus nyctaginia...........-2-2 oe. 349 curvinerve........ cece eee eee eee eee 209
nyctagineus... 22.2220 349 eyamescens...- 222... 225
cervantesti ..20 00002 351 | dactylon. 2.2... 238
latifolius. 2.000000 ee 350 decumMbeNs .. ee eee 136, 205
oblongifolius. 2.000.000.0022 350 diandrum.......0.0000.0000........ 139, 223, 224
pilosus. 2. eee 348 dichotomiflorum.........0.......2.... 147, 218
ovatus... 2.22.22 eee 350 | dichotomum . 2. .2.22.0.0.02.2....... 117,129
pilosus. 2.6.22. 353 | nodiflorum 2.2.2.2... eee 111,219
VISCOSUS. 2. eee 347 forma glabrescens................ 223
wrightii. 0.2 357 diffusum. 2.2.22 220000 0020020002 139,220
Pachycereus.......0000000.00.002.2-0-0200----. 420 dimidiatum... 020.000. 116
ealvus. 2.2.2.2 22 eee eee 420 dissectum . 2.222000 00 20228. 115, 116, 133, 202
chrysomallus..............0.0.2.-....2-. 421 distantiflorum _.......2.............. 220,227
columna-trajani. 22.22.22. 421 distichum.. 22... 00 -00.0.000-00.020-22--.. 137,225
grandis......0 00202. 421 divaricatum... 118, 119, 140, 149, 220, 221, 226
marginabtus....2.2220 2.2.0 421 puberulum. 2.020000 000... Lecce e ee 220
oreuttii.. 2... 422 8 stenostachyum........2..-- 222. 221
pecten-aboriginum........2.2........ 421,422 duchaissingii........0.00000..00--0 ee 210
pringlei.. 2... ..22000000 00 422 UTUM 2.0. 211
queretarensis..................-......... 422 EL 148
titan... 422 elephantipes... 2-2-2000. 218
Panicularia borealis.............. 2.22.22... 154 eQuUinwin.. 6.2.2 cece eee eee 224, 225
canadensis. .........0.0.00....0.0........ 155 | erectifolium...2...00.002.0.022.......... 221
elongata... 2-2... 149 | exiguiflorum. ...2.....022........ 208, 220, 221
melicaria... 22.22.0022. 149 | fasciculatum........ 116, 134, 188,139, 204, 221
nervata.. 2.220... 0000 eee 155 | chartaginense.......2..020000....... 138
Panicum acuminatum ............... 138, 139, 217 filiforme . 22.2200 22220 117,186, 142, 146, 209
adspersum 2... ...0.20.02200.000.2. 119, 217,226 flavescens . 2.22. 139,221
dequiglume. 20. eee eee 210 | floridanum... 2.000000 eee --- 221
agrostidiforme........... 2.2.2 -22--. 139, 223,224 | fuseum oo... eee 139, 221
albomarginatum.........2.... Lecce eens 227 | fusiforme... 2.222622 222
altissimum. oo... 002000 eee 224 | geminatum....-.....2..0...........-.-.. 222
amphistemon.......0....0000.20-020.2.-2- 211 geniculatum.. 2.200200 eee 230
amplericaule... 22... 00.000 eee ee ee 212 | germanicum........ cee eee eee eee eee ee ee 141
ANCePS... 2. eee ee 147 gibbum.. 2... 127, 130, 134, 218
INDEX. 469
Page. Page.
Panicum—Continued. Panicum—Continued.
glaucum........---- cece eee eeeeee 117,129, 146 © polycaulon ..........-....-..-.--+--- 225, 227
glutinosum .....-...---....---.- 134, 140,222 | polygamum.... 02.0.2... 2 eee eee eee eee ee 140
QTOVIUS 022 ee eee ee eee eee weeeeeeee 148 polygonatum.......- cece eee eee e ee eeee 223, 224
eTisebachii........-......--.-.---------- - 222 (polynomial).......-....-....---..----.- 115,
QTOSSQTIUM . 2... .22-- 22222 ee eee 119, 225, 226 116,117, 127, 128, 129, 129, 132
heterophyllum............------2------5-- 141 porterianum........-.-..-22-22-22-2--- 118, 147
hirsutum .........--....-------- 141, 222, 223 proliferum..............-.....-------- 147, 218
hirtellum ........--..-------2---- 119, 146, 229 pilosMUM . 2. ee eee eee 218
hirtivaginum......-.....-.-...-2-2-2+--- 223 SITICLUM 0022 eee eee 218
hygrophilum ..........---------0-0--2++--- 218 prostratum ..... 22.2.2... 2 eee eee eee 119, 225
hymenachne ........----2.0 200002 e eee ee 212 pubescens.......- 2-2-2. 22 e eee eee eee 147
illinoniense......--...+----+-+---- weeeeee 221 | PUNGENS. 0... ee ee ee eee 146
imberbe...........2.2-002020-0-0-- ceeeeee 230 | TAMOSUIMN.... 2.2... 22222 e eee eee eee eee 222
indicum. ......0.-20 2.002 e eee eee eee eee ee 120 ramuliflorum.......0.0022..0222+-- 139, 223, 224
insularum, ..... 2.2.20 0002 2. eee eee eee eee 225, 226 TAMULOSUM.. 2. ee eee eee 149
italicuM.........-------- 22 ee eee eee eee eee 129 repens..........2.2...22-2--0-220 eee ee eee 225
1 141 reptans .................2..2.-22---- 119, 225
a 224 reticulatum........-2..-0..0202ee eee eee 137, 138
lanatum..........2-2.0-22 0522002 e eee 227,140 TIQENS eee eee 138
lancearium...........2.....---.-- 219, 222,223 roanokense.............-2--22-2--2-+--5- 219
lasianthum......-22...2...2.--------+--- 226 | TOSETQLWM.. 2. eee eee 147
latifolium..............-.--.-.-- 118,134, 147 | rottboellioides ... 22.2.2... eee eee eee 211
laxuM.............-222----- 139,212,219, 223 rudgei.......2.....2-020-.2 02022222 e eee eee 223
variegatum.......--... 222220 221 rugelii........2...22-.-.-2-2-.----------- 226
leandri. 0.2.2... 22 eee ee eee 212 rugulosum........-.-.-..2-2-2-2-22020000- 226
leptochyrium....-.-..--.-.---+-++++++ ..... 232 hirtiglume........ cece eee eee e eee eee 226
leucophaeuwm.........--.--- 125, 126, 135, 142, 210 sanguinale ......-..-. 117, 122, 129, 133, 146, 209
leucothrix.......-2....-..-.-- 219, 224, 227, 228 SIMPSONI.... 222-2 eee ee eee 210
lindenii.... 2.002220 222.0 cece ee eee 222 sclerochloa....... 2.222... 222222 e ee eee eee 211
macrocarpon.......--------- eee ceeeeeeee 118 scoparium...............-...-------- 147, 226
maximum............02....0220-02005 140, 224 sellovii.......2...2-2.-..-2-22-22-------- 226
MAYATENSE... oe ee eee eee ee eee eee 228 semialatum .......00000 0000222 eee eee 210
megiston........... cece cece cece ee eeees 224 SELUTIUM. 0.22 ee eee eee eee 229
melicarium.........-.--.+-- cececeeeeeee. 149 | SELOSUM 2.222 eee eee ee eee eee 137, 231
michautii.......0.22-.00 02200022222 147 | sintenisii...... 0022.00 022.0202 2 eee eee eee 220
microcarpon.........-...----.2-2-22+2-- 117,149 sloanei...............---.. 118, 134, 138, 139, 226
miliare...........2-2-2...---220-2----0---- 147 sphaerocarpon...........-..-.----2------ 141
minutiflorum.......--.----- eee cree . 221 floridanum.........- eee eee eee eeeeee 221
minutulum........22. 00 eee ee eee 228 spretum..........22.5..-222.02---------- 148
molle.....-...-2-2-2--2-2-2-00-- 137.146, 225 stenodes............-----.----.--+----- 220, 227
muricatum.......---.22-2222---22-+-- ... 146 strigosuM.........-....2..----0--0-----0- 227
muticum..............-2...--2-22----. 138, 225 subbarbulatum..........-...---.------- 148, 224
MYUTOS.... 2.2.2 ee ee ee eee eee ee 212,213 swartzianum.........-.......-.-.---- 140, 227
NEMOTOSUM....-. 2-2-2. 2 ee eee eee eee eee 138, 228 tenerum.............----.-- 22-2222 e ee eee 227
neuranthum...........-..-.------ 219, 222,224 tenue..........---.------ 148, 219, 224, 227, 228
TAMOSUM..... 22-22-22 eee eee eee 222 tenwiculmum.........--.---------- 189, 223, 224
nitidum ........-.....--2-.------+--- 148, 224 tricanthum.................---------- 140, 227
numidianum...........-....--------- 138, 224 trichocondylum..... 2.2.0 -20000-2222002222- 224
obtusiflorum............-. ccc eee eee eeee 299 trichoides ..........-...----. 140, 118, 134, 227
oligosanthes ....-.-.-.-.......... ..... 117,129 tricolor... 2.2.2.2 2222020222 eee eee eee eee 221
ONUTUS . 2. eee ee 230 ULAWANMEANUM . 22-22 we eee eee eee eee 220
oryzoideS ... 2.22002 eee eee 118, 189, 228 palenzuelanumM... 2.2.22 ee eee eee eee eee 226
ovalifolium .. 2.22... -000 00.00 o ce eee eee ee 140, 227 VELULINOSUM.. 2. 2-2 eee eee eee eee 137
oryanthum...........00. 0202 198,199 verticillatUumM. ..- 2... 2. eee eee ence eee e eee 231
pallens . .......--. 2222 eee eee eee eee 140, 228 vilvoides. 2.22. -.2-2 20-2 e ee eee eee eee eee 213
paniculatum.............202. 22 eee ee eee 116 virgatum..........--.------ 118, 129, 147, 153
parvifolium.......-.....-....---.++-- 224,225 breviramosumM.........2- 2-2-2202 0e eee 227
paspalodes.........2...0.0 cece cece e ee eeee 222 cubense . ........-.....--.------- 227, 228
pauciciliatum................---...-- 222,225 ODLUSUM . . 2.22.2 2-2 ee eee eee ee ee eee 227
paucipilum........2..0. 02020222 ee eee 148 viscidUM.......-222--2 220222 e eee eee 147, 226
penicillatum...........-....------ weeeeee 230 walteri.........22..0 02220 e eee eee eee ee eee 213
philadelphicum.............-.....-...-- 118 wrightianum..............--. 219, 224, 227, 228
pilisparsum.....-2..2---- ve cee eee eeeee 137, 225 zizanioides......... 2... 22-00-0200 ee 139, 228
pilosum ...........-..-------------- 137,225 | Pappophorum laguroides..................-. 242
plantagineum........--..-.----2----0+--- 212 | Paratheria prostrata................-..-..--- 232
platyphyllum..............2.-+222------- 212 +~Parosela anthonyi....... ween eee eee eee eeeeee 272
470 INDEX.
Page Page.
Parosela—Continued. Paspalum—Continued.
campylostachyd................-..-..--- 272 minus ...2.. 222.2222. ee eee 203, 204
canescens..........----22222--22e02 2 eee 263 MANuM ... 2... eee eee eee 204
capitata.....222..... "cece eee cece ee 272 ye 2038
erassifolia......2220 2200000002222 e eee eee ee 272 notatum .......... Lee eee eee eee 203, 204
emoryi............-222..- 2222 e eee eee 263, 265 paniculatum........22222..2.2... 116,134,204
formosa...-....... Lecce cece cena 263, 273 papillosum ...2.....220.00.000... 201,204, 205
hospes.............----..2-20.00-- 263, 264, 272 paspaloides......- Lee eee eee e eee 146
lasiostoma..........-.....--2...2002.-. 272,273 pedunculatum.....2..2..0....2.2..2- 136, 205
leucostoma........2.......00.22.2-.-.. 263, 264 pittieri.. 20 e eee 204
lutea... 2... eee eee 2738 platyphyllum. 2.002000. eee 212
macrostachya..............2022.22202200- 279 plicatulum .......2-2.02...0.... 146, 202,205
microphylla. ...............-0-2-2-222--. 263 polystachyum, .......022.......002202..... 136
saffordii. 2.2.2.2... 0222200220022 e eee QT praeCOX 2. eee 145
schaffneri.... 2.0.00... 2000000020202 2 eee 2738 propinquum................. coe eee eeee 205
similis... 2.2.2... 2222022.22200.0202002-02022. 275 pulehellum. 2.0.0.2... ...2.22..00.22. 198,205
tomentosa........ Lecce cece eee eeeeeeeee 273 rigidifolium.....22.2.00 20000002 205
tuberculata... 2002000000000 e eee eee 263, 264 > rottboellioides. 6.222222. .. 205
Parsonsia..... 22.2... 2.20 000220 e eee eee eee 287 rupestre.. 2.200 201,206
Paspalum alterniflorum..........02......... 200 saccharoides...............-2.0-22022.... 185
altissimum.... 200-0000. ee ee 146 serobiculatum........ 22200002. 2 eee. 116
angustifolium... 2.20.00... 0 0000 ee eee 208 setaceum..... 2... wee eee eee eee eee 145
APPVESSWM . 0. ee ee 299 SIMPSON... eee eee 201
approvimalum.. 22.0.0. 0 020 eee 202 swartzianum... 2.2... .0 020. 202,207
arenarium.......................-...-... 201 taphrophyllum......00.0 000.0000 2 2 eee 204
bakeri. 22.22 ee 202 | tristachyon............2..... veces eee eeee 207
blepharophyllum........................ 145 underwoodii.........-0 02. 203
caespitosum ............. 136,137, 201, 202,206 vaginatum 2.22.2... 133, 136, 198, 199, 202, 206
eandidum............................... 198 vaginiflorum...0 000.000 205
caudicatum. . 2.0.02. 204 villosissimum...0 00000000 ee 145, 201
ciliatifolium. 2.2.2 2.20000 00002002222. 145 virgatum .....22...00_.. 115, 116, 126, 133, 206
ciliiferum .....20000.200..00022.20222..2... 201 glabriusculum.......00..20..--2.-.-- 206
elavuliferum......2202.20.00002000.00..... 201, sehreberianum,. ............22....... 206
COMPTESSUM. . 2 ---.. 133,141,207 | vulmerans... 22.20.22 ee eee 203
conjugatum 2.22220 20 022228 133,136,201 | Paspalus annulatus...................2....-. 208
debile 22.22.0000 000 00000000000... ... 145,201 CaespitOsUs ... 2022 eee 136, 137
decumbens ........00200.000000.200-.. 136, 205 filiformis . 2.200 eee ee ee 136
densum..........222.0-000 000.002 202 furcatus.. 0.2.2. 146
denticulatum... 0.0.20. 000 00000 c eee 203 SwartZzianus 2-2. ee ee ee 136
dimidiatum..........20..0..--...--...... 116 | Pedilanthus tithymaloides.................. 108
dissectum.........-2.002...00... 116,187,202 9 Pelozia..... 22.02.2222 20 eee 295
distichum .......... 117, 136, 146,198, 199,202 | clavata.. oo... eee 296
dolichophyllum.........22.......-------- 200 | laciniata. 2... 2... 296
elatum.........0200000 000000000 ce eee 202 | Peniocereus........2....00000.00.-0-0.02..2-.- 428
elEGANS ©... ee ee ee ee 205 greggii.. eee 428
elliottii... 0.2. ee eee eee 146 | Pennisetum americanum.................... 132
elongatum......222.0..0..0.0.......2. 22. 198 domingense wee eee eee gee eee 232
Faleula. 2. eee 201 indicum........... cence eee eee ee eeee 143
filiformme .....2220 00220 136, 202 setosum... 22.20.0200... 0002000220222... 143, 232
floridanum .....__. cece cece cece eee 145,146 | Pentacrophys.................-. Lecce eee eee 369
fureatum 2.2.2.0... cbc eee cece eee eee cee 146 wrightti. 2.2222... ee eee 370
glabrum.....20020.00000.000.2..2..-.-.... 202 | Pereskia autummalis.........-..0...0........ 899
helleri. 2.2.02 2 0000000000222 203 nicoyana........ 2.22222 eee eee 399
hemicryptum........................... 203 | Pereskiopsis autwmmalis............0022..... 399
horticola... 2.2... 002.2000 0 022 eee 201 | Perro... 2... eee eee 293
maritima... ..222...00 02.002 205 | Peucedanum argense...........2220..0.2022-- 449
MOPS... 22. eee eee 203 Jaredii. 2... 450
laeve. 2.2... eee eee 145 latifolium..........0.020... Lecce ee eens 450
lanatwm... 2.22.02 eee eee 207 MAATENSC... 2. ee ee ee 302
lentiginosum..... wee eee cece eee ee eee 203 martindalci angustatum......... 2.2222... 449
leuchocheilum...........00000000 0022020 206 millefolium......... Lobe cece cece eeeeeee 450
lindenianum.............-0......2.2... 204,206 | Phalaris arundinacea...........00000002020.. 145
lineare...... wee eee eee eee eee eee 2038 oryzoides I,... 0.00.00... Leese 115, 130, 134, 136
lividum.. 2.22... cece cece eee eee eee eee 20: villosa... 2.02200 eee ee eeee 145
longepedunculatum........ eee eee ee eee 201 | Phalaroides (polynomial). ........2........-- 121
membranaceum...........0...0....- 115,116,202 | Pharus glaber....-.0..22222.22.2... Lecce eens 234
millegrana.....2..222000000.000.00...... 2038 | latifolius.. 2000.0 02 0000022220002. 125,134, 234
Page. Page
Pharus parvifolius............2..-. cece ee eee 234 | Pleiotenia...................2-.---2---+--+-- 447
Phaseolus buseri.... 020.200.2222 eee eee eee 274 nuttallii.. 222.2222 e eee eee ee eee ee eee 448
cuernavacana.............-22----2---+--- 274 texana.......2.. 0222222222202 22 eee 448
lozanii......2....-2.2. 22-22-22 ee eee eee eee 274 | Plumiera caracasana.................-------- 108
Phellopterus.........-.----2-------------+-+ 446 amabilis .... 2.2.2.2... 20-2220 2 cece eee ee 245
camporum..........22-..25-5-- 5-2-2 446 annua........ 2.220.002 2 eee eee eee eee 131
Phoradendron sp...-...--------------------- 106 caerulescens... . 2.2.02. 22 eee ee eee eee 120
tetrastachyum......-...-..------------- 106 capillaris............--2.-0------ 121, 130, 154
trinervium........-----..----2-------++-- 106 ciliaris. 2.0.0... e eee eee eee eee eee 121, 243
Phragmites communis.........-------- 123, 1380, 132 compressa.........2.--.------ weeeeeeeeee 155
phragmites...........2...0...25 25. 123, 124, 132 crocata....... 2.2. c cece cece ee eee eee 143, 154
Phyllanthus acuminatus.............------- 108 eragrostis. 22.2.2... ween e eee cece eens 121
floribundus.. 2.2... 2-0 000 0000000 eee ee 174 flava... 2.00.22 ee ee eee eee eee 120, 127
salviaefolius ............-..------ 171, 174,175 Ls 134, 143, 244
Phyllonomaruscifolia..........----------- 173, 174 hirsutd.... 2.2.2.0 2 02. e eee eee eee eee 154
tenuidens.......2-2....---2--22-e 2222 eee 172 hypnoides.... 2.000200 0 oe eee eee eee ee 155, 244
triflora.. 2.0.0.0. 2 2-2. eee eee eee eee eee 173 nervata........---- wee e eee e cece cece eeee 155
Pilocereus...........22-------- 2-22 eee eee eee 437 Nitida.... 2.22... 2 eee eee eee eee 244
albisetosus.......--------2-:ee2-ee2 2022 437 PectiNaced.... 2.222.222 ee eee e eee eee eee 143, 155
chrysacanthus.........--------22+20ee227- 416 PIUMOSA... 2.22 eee eee “2 245
chrysomallus..........-2..-++2+++2202255° 421 (polynomial).........---.---------- 130, 131
COIUMNG...... 2.22.22 e eee eee cece reece es 421 | prolifera... 0.2... cece eee ee eee eee ee 143
cometes.......-- cece eee e ener ee eeeee 416 | quinquifidd.. 2... . eee ce eee eee eee eee eee 120
consolei......22.2-.-0 2-22 eee eee eee eee 418 reptans...... 2-2-2222 e ee eee ee eee 155, 244
curtisii... 0.0... 22 eee eee 418 SOTOLING. 000 eee eee eee ee eee eee 154
divaricatus.........-.----+2-22-02-05002° 423 seslerioides........0-.2.-22-2------ Leen eee 155
engelmannii.... 2.20.05. 00-02-02 eee eee 424 SITING... eee eee 155
fimbriatus.........--.....-------+-+++-+- 437 tenella... 002 eee eee eee O45
flavicomus...... 00-0200 0 20202 eee e renee es 416 triflora... 0.22 154
floccosus... 2222-02202 20002 -2e eee eee eee 419 VITGAI. 2. eee eee 245
fOrsteri. so... 2.022 e eee eee eee eee eee 417 | Pogonopus exsertus .......-....------------- 111
fowachianus......0.00-0000-22e0eeeeeeee es 419 | Polydon distichus................2- 222020255. 240
fulviceps..........22220000e2 ee eee ences 421 | Polypogon cubensis. ..........--222++2002 2-5 "935
Giganteus.. 2... 2.02.00 0022 eee eee ee eee 424 | Polytaenia..............00--- 22-2222 2 oe eee 447
grandispinus............-.2.220002222555 437 nuttallii. 2.2.2.2 2. eee eee eee eee ee eee 448
haworthii...........----- 02222222 eee eee 418 Ce 448
hermentianus........--...---22000-22000- 416 | Polytaenium.................2....---....--- 447
hoppenstedtii...........22---2 22222200052 416 | Poranthera.........,.....---.--2--+ 2-20-02 -- 195
houllelii........------- cece eee e eee eee 417,419 | .Prionosciadium humile.............-...----- 302
jubatus.. 2200000022 ee eee eee eee eee 416 | Pseudocymopterus................2-.---- 446,447
lanuginosus........--....-----+222220 202+ 417 aletifolius..........0.....-22-0222-0-2---- 447
lateribarbatus......-..-..-..2------+20-++ 421 montanus multifidus..........-...0.2---- 447
leucocephalus....-...-------++-+-+++2+5+2- 417 multifidus............---.-..-0-0----0--- 447
nobilis... 22... 02-2220 e eee eee eee eee 418 purpureus............--.2-2-2-.--0---5 . 449
plumieri......---.---- 22-22-2222 eee cree 418 sylvaticus............-- cece eee eee eee ees 447
polylophus.....--..---2..00eee cence eee eee 419 tenuifolius.............2222.2-2-22-2-2--- 447
TOYENL.. 2.22.22 ei eee eee eee 419 | tidestromii..............-2-------2------ 447
TUPICEPS ... 2-2-2 2 eee eee eee ee 421 | Pseudotaenidia.............-.------2+------- 448
sargentianus.....---.-2-+ 22-22 e ee eee eee 427 montana........2....--2-2+----4+5 Peaadeee 448
schlumbergeri.....--.--.. 2-22 22222 022 420 | Psoralea lutea.......-.....-2-22----2-220-2-- 273
schottii.. 2000000 eee eee 427 LOMENLOSA.. 2... ee ee eee eee ee eee eee 273
SCOPATIUS . 0.22.02 2-22 419 | Ptelea acutifolia..............-22-2.-000-+--- 276
SUPICLUS. 0.0.0 oe eee eee eee _.. 418 APleTd. 2. ee ee eee eee eee eee 277
TT 421 coahuilensis.............-----.---------- 276
urbanianus..... 0.020202 eee ee eee eee 420 cuspidata......... 20... +222. 2-222 eee ee- 276
Pilostyles covillei............0...022--02- 263 BlAUCA...-------22ee verse reer eres cere e es 276
o laetissima.........-.-------2--2--------- 276
globosa........-...-----------++e+eee-e eee 63 megacarpa 277
glomerata ......-.--.--.-------+-++-+ 263.264 i woes eee .
> NUCIPETA.- 2.22 ee ee eee eee --- 277
list of hosts... ......-----000-----+---555- 263 ODSCUPG. eevee cece cece cece 277
mexicama.... ~~... -- 2-22-2200 e0es senses 264 a ee 277
palmeri......---------- + 20-0005 pre tess 264 pumila. ..............22------------- +--+ 277
pringlei.........--.-..--+---+++---- +2005 264 saneta......22-2--.2.02-22 2.2 eee eee eee eee 277
sessilis... .........------+++2+- eee reese 264 scutellata...........02-2222 eee e ee eeeee eee 277
thurberi.........--.-- venta nce ce eee nccees 265 subintegra................2.202--.00--20-- 277
Piper sp....-.--2----2---0 2-2-0 e eee eee eee 106 | Pteryxia..............-2--2-2--2- 22-22 446
Piteairniasp.....-. cee cece eee eee eee 106 | Ptilimnium................-----------+--++- 444
472 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Ptilimnium—Continued. | Sapium—Continued.
eapillaceum.........2..0.2020..0.--.-.- 444, 445 macrocarpuM..........0002..000..22----. 165
costatum 2... 2... eee eee 444 mexicanum.........................-. 165, 166
missouriense ..............-.-........... 444 oligoneurum......22.2....0.....2-...... 168
nuttallii. 2.2.22 444,445 | pachystachys... 2.2 0000.000.0.0..0...... 165, 168
texense.. 2... eee 445 pedicellatum.. 2.2.2 00.00.0000.000.... 165, 166
Quamoclidion...............2....--. 357, 360, 360 | pittieri. 2.022. 161, 167
angulatum....22.2.22020200. 000000202202. 357 | pleiostachys.. 22.0 20.00.000.00.0-22... 164, 165
froebelii. 2.2.2... .2 2000 eee eee 309 pycnostachys. 2.000.000. 160, 168
glabratum........22.2.0.00.0.2... 359, 360 sulciferum........... bce e ee Lee eeeeeee 169
greene... 858 thelocarpum............. vce e cece eeee 166
a 364 | Savastana odorata.........0.0.....-......... 151
multiflorum......0.20...00.220.0002.. 358, 372 | Schizachyrium gracile.................... wee. 198
glandulosum..........0..0..2.....2- 359 semiberbe. o.oo ee eee 194
obtusum.......22..0.00. 00222222 eee 359 CENETUM . 2 ce ee 194
MyctagineumM... 2.2.22 eee eee 357,358 | Sebastiana..........00.000000000000000 2020 161
orybaphoides... 2.0.0.0 0000 357 | Securidaca ovata......22 020002. o eee. 107
triflorum... 2.222222 00022 358 | Sedum allantoides........................... 440
Ramirezella buseri ...............2...-..2-.. 274 compressum.. 2.2.2.2 eee ee 440
pringlei..... 22.2.0 2200020 274 | Selenicereus......2....0.000.00.0 000.2 429
Rathbunia..........0.000000000. 002.2 e eee. 414 boeckmanni..... 0.000.000... 0.2.2. e eee 429
alamosensis........-......000..202.0.0--- 415 coniflorus..... 22.0.0. 02000 430
kerberi. 2.2.2.2 2. 202220020000 415 grandiflorus.........2.00.0.00000........ 430
somorensis... 2.22... 2.200000 e eee 415 hamatus......2 222.2000. 0 0022 430
Rauwolfia...2......02000 000020 104 hondurensis.............00.... 00g... 430
Sstenophylla.... 2... cee eee eee eee neces 104s kunthianus......2.202..00.0.. 430
Reimaria acuta............0000.0002.2..-----. 198 430
brasiliensis... 0. 00000000000 0000 eee 198 430
elegans... 2.2 cence eeeee 205 | miravallensis................0 0... 431
* oligostachya..... 2.202000 199 pringlei.... 2.20.00. 2 00 431
Reimarochloa acuta. ........2......202....0. 198 pteranthus..........2.0...0, Pv 431
brasiliensis. .........222..00000000000222. 198 spinulosus................. apd + 431
oligostachya.......-...000000 0002s 199 | Selinocarpus.................. oe dee 387
Reisenbachia..........0..000.2.0.0........ 294,295 | angustifolius....220..0..000000.222.20... 388
TACEMOSA. 2... eee eee 295 chenopodioides................0..0...... 388
Reynaudia filiformis.............0.00002..... 235 diffusus. 2.2.0 ..0 02000000 388
Rhaphis pauciflora... 22... 222200002000 22... 195 | nevadensis...... Lecce eee cece ee 388
Rhipsalis biolleyi...... 2.0.00 0000000000002 2. 431 | parvifolius.......20.0.000.. See ee eee ee 388
Rhysopterus...........0....0... cence eee ee eee 446 lanceolatus............. voce eee cee eee eee 387
Robinia pringlei...........000000000. 0.02... 274 palmeri.. 2... 2202.2 388
Rose, Mexican journey of 1906. .............. 259 parvifolius......222....002000000020000... 3888
Rottboellia cylindrica. ....... 0.222220. 0 ee. 152 Semeiandra..........202..000000 00. 294,295
dimidiata.. 22.00.0020. 000000 ee eee 152 grandiflora. .-......00 000 eee 295
filifolia.... 2.000 ee ee 191 Senites zeugites... 2200022 127
IMPPESSM. 2. eee eee 191 | Senkenbergia..... 2. ..002000.000200..00.02-- 372
loricata.....2.....05..020.-. cece eee eee 191 | annulata... 2.22.0... 0.22 e eee eee eee 372
Roupala ferruginea........00000.00000000 2... 171 | coulteri.. 0... eee eee 384
Rubber plants...........0...000........ 150 | crassifolia... 2.2.2.2... Lobe eee cece 873
Saccharum officinarum................... 132, 190 gypsophiloides............0.0.2....... 372,373
Peplans . 2.2... eee eee 147“ Setaria glauca... 2.2.22 230
Sagittaltum.. 2.2... ee 242 ONUTUS ©. ee ee 230
Sacciolepis myuros..............0....0...... 213 PUTPUTASCENS . 2... eee eee 231
striata... 2.....2220...... 127,130, 134,218,442 Setaria setosa. 0.0.0.0 0 0.02 137
vilvoides......... bee eee 2183 | Sorghastrum francavillanum..............-. 195
Sacharum polystachyon....................... 135 | linnaeanum............. occ eee eee 125, 129
SM... 175 | nutans. ........0.2..0..00200.0 20000002. 125,154
Sanicula.. 2... .0.0 0000202020220 0 2c 442 — setosuM... 2.202222 eee ee 195
serpentina.....000000 0000... c cece eee eee 442 Sorghum halepense....... bbb v cece eeeeeee wee 195
tripartita. 220.0220. 442 pauciflorum.......2.......0....0.22-222. 195
Sapium..........2.00000000.... 159, 160, 161, 162, 163 vulgare... ...2..2.2.2002..0.2.-... seeeeee 131
aereum...-. 22.2220 eee eee eee 168,169 Spartina cynosuroides................. 121,129, 153
anadenum...............0..00.0-000..000.. 164 glabra..... 0.2222. .. 121,129
aucuparium.......22....--2.2..00.2.... 163, 166 jumeea.. 2... eee 153
biglandulosum...........2...0.20.0..... 166 michauxiana....22002 2-2 . 158
caribaeum.........--... been e eee eee eee 163 pectinata. 2.2.2 153
jenmani.........2...000000.0.20 0002.00. 160 polystachya.............. cle ccee eee 121,129,153
lateriflorum..--...... Lecce cece cess eeeeee 165 | stricta. ..22200 121
INDEX. 473
Page . Page
Sphenopholis obtusata. ............-..-.---- 152 | Thryallis—Continued.
palustris de eee e eee cece ee ceeeceucceeeees 156 glauca we ee eee eee ee ee eee eee ee eee 280
Sporobolus argutus..........--22.2-----2225+ 237 gracilis... 2.2.21... 62s e sees eee e eens 280
ASPCD .-. ee 2eceeceececcececeeeceececeeeees 150 grandiflora. ..........2-..0...222-.2-222. 280
clandestinus............2. 22-22. 2--2--ee- 150 hirsuta... 2.2.2.0... 0 22-0... e eee eee eee 280
cubensis........22c.cccceecceceeeeeees 237,238 humboldtiana.......................22.. 280
gracilis. ..........-.-----2-2--0-0-20----5 150 humilis Prt sce see cee eee eee seen es 280
indicus................... 120, 121, 134, 149, 237 latifolia........... veces esses ess 279,280, 281
jacquemontii........00..000cccceeeseeeees 937 linifolia..... voce eee eee eeeeeeees s+ 279,280, 281
Ta 150 longifolia... 2.2... 220.2.. 022.2222 e eee 279
longifolius cece e eee ee cee eee neste e eens 150 montana... -..- 2.0.0.2 eee reese etree 281
purpurascens. ................---- 142,237,288 multicaulis.............-.. 2.0.20. 2... 281
virginicus................ 119,121,181, 132,238 ovata, Torte sees eee ee ee eee es 281
Stemmodontia caracasana..............--.-. 111 palmeri........-----..----+-+-2- 2-222 05 281
Stenandrium lyoni...............-..--.-- ++. 110 paniculata. eee eee eee ence eee 280, 281
Stenotaphrum dimidiatum..............---- 116 sessilifolia................. ores sees 281
secundum ......---.-- cece cece oo. 232 tubere ulata.. 22.22. 2eeeeeeeeeeeee 281
Stillingia.......----eeeee ese eceece eee veeeeee 161 vestita......... cosets Lecce eee eee ee 281
Stipa avenacea..............0.... 122, 195,129,150 | Thysanachne peruviana.........-........ 197, 198
Darbat . occ ccc ccccccccecccccceceeeeee 150 SCOPATIQ... 222-22. eee eee eee eee eee eee 197
canadensis... .--...c2ececc0ccccccceceeee 151 Tillandsia juncea..............--.....-.2..-- 106
capillaris. 2... ......022220 000-0202 e eee 237 SP evens sees secs ees ee sees sec ees sees eee eess 106
JUNCEO. es eaeeecececeeccceccceeeeeseees 150 tenuifolia.....2....20 222.2220 2 222 e eee 106
MACOUNI. . 2.0.6.2 ee ee eee ee 150 . utriculata re 106
SEVICEN. 2... eee eee 150 Tinantia.... warren ness esses see ess eee eee sees 372
Strephium pulchellum........22..0..002-0 0+ 233 gypsophiloides....-...-.--.-----..-2-- 00+ 372
Streptachne cubensis... .......----+-2-222+++- 236 Tonduzia. seers see cs sees see eee eee es 103
SCOBTO. oon 236 parvifolia... 2.2.2.2... 0220000202022. 103,104
Syntherisma digitata..............2..-0-- 207,209 stenophylla.......-..------2------0seeees 104
filiformis..............000000e000- 117,146, 209 | 77@chynotia cynosuroides............----....- 158
leucocoma. ........--2....-2220- 02 e eee 209 JUNC. oes seen eee e ene e een ee eet teens 153
PVOCOL 22 cee eee eee eee eee ees 146 polystachya. .....- 2-22. 0eeseeeeee eens 15:
sanguinalis................0..0-+- 117,146,209 | PTchypogon filifolius. -...--.......---....-- 191
serotina........2..-2ee-cecceeeeeeceeeeeee 146 BOUINI. ..- +--+ woee cess este nese esc nesses 191
SCLOSO. oe ecceccccccecececees 134, 136, 142,209 polymorphus fillfolitss........---..- +++. 191
simpsoni................. , 9 10 Trichilia spondioides........................ 107
villosa... 210 Trichodium decumbens .............222--...-- 145
Tabernaemontana grandiflora. .............. 109 . laxiflorum....-.------..2---eeeeeeere ees 145
Tapurti....2.-----ceeeeee eevee 160 Tricholaena rosea............-...-...+-.-.--- 229
Taravalia aptera....................-------- 277 Pricratus TO 306, 307
nucifera......................... see 277 Tricuspis. . web e cece e eee cece eee e eee ceeeeeeee 120
ObSCura. .. 22.2. eee eee 277 caroliniane ee eee 120
Tecoma chrysantha......... wee eee eee eee 110 HBG noon ee eeeereresecesesersscesecees 24
Tetiidero.........2.2-2-2ececececececececeee 175 Ptidems.......------ <<. -- oon eee nen nnne 120
Tephrosia affinis...........22-00.-.00--00-- 269,270 lava... =... 2ooooeeeeeeeeennes 120, 127, 155
Ee eee aie anaes a70 |... uinquifida. --- 2. nenees 120
MOJO... 2 eveeceeeceeceeeeseeeceeceeeeees a7 | Ptodia...-----------0ssseeeeeeeeeteeeeessees 120
multifolia.... 2.2.2.0... eee eee eee eee 270 CUPTED. «os oes aeee nec ec scene ee ec ees 120, 127, 155
palmeri...-.-0---eeeeeee eee eevee 270 Tripsacum cylindricwm.......-.-....--...0+++ 152
PS 14,128, 188
Terebinthus acuminata...................-- 278 : hermaphroditum .....-202--0++- 2200. 124,196
attenuata...................2.. 278 Tripterocalyx.......--......---.----- Leese 327
diversifolia...........000-ccc00eeeeeeee- 279 CrUx-maAltae. .---.22-222222sseeeeeeeeeeee $28
laxiflora...................... 279 cyclopterus wee cece eee eee eee cence eee 329
nelsonii....................... 279 micranthus .........2.....-....------ 328, 329
pilosa... sss eee @ 39 pedunculatus..................0....--2.. 328
pubescens........--00---e-eeeeeeeeeeeee 279 _ Wootonii 2 sees 829
trijuga...-.----cccccecceceeeeeeeeeeeeee. 279 Triscenia ovina. ...................---..----. 198
Thompsonella..............------------e. 891 Trisetum molle..............-2-2.-2---2+2-++-- 120
minutiflora.............20......20..0022- 392 palustre... woo aes sees 156
platyphylla......-....22.22..2..22...-.- 392 | pennsylvanicum..............---..--+.+- 123
Whrinax sp.....--00---02---0eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 431 | purpurascens Teese se se se eee ee eee sees 156
Thryallis............................. 979 | spicatum wee eee eee eee eee 120, 155
angustifolia... ‘ ; subspicatum ... 2.222.202.2222 22s eee 120, 155
tee tee eee eee eee ee eee ree 280 | Triumfetta..................---....-..-.--.. 285
brasiliensis... ...........----+++++-+++++-- 279 | dehiscens.......2---22-.-ceeeeeeeeeeeees 285
glandulosa..........................---- 280 discolor..............2..-02--.2 2022 ee eee 285
1528—09——3
474 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Triumfetta—Continued. Werckleocercus. .. cc cece ccc cccccccccccccece. 432
falcifera.......... cece eee cece ee eeee eee 285 tonduzii..... 2.0.0... cece eee eee cece eee. 432
goldmanii.................--... vette ee es 285 | Wilcoxia.......0.0...0..... cece cee eee cece eee 434
socorrensisS. 2.2.22... 22... e eee e eee ee eee 285 poselgeri... 2.2... .--2 2. eee eee c eee eee 434
Uniola gracilis. .........2.2..-222220-- 126, 130, 155 striata... 2... eee eee e eee eee 434
latifolia... 2... eee eee eee --- 155 | Wimmeria................. (ooo eee eee. 929
latd. 2.2.2.2 eee eee cee eee 126, 180, 155 guatemalensis................2...-...... 283
maritima... 2.2.2... 22-22 eee eee eee eee 155 lanceolata.............. (oe eee eee eee 283
paniculata ........2.....--. 121, 131, 155, 245 microphylla. .................... lee e eee 283
(polynomial) ........---.... 127, 130, 181,131 persifolia.. 20.2.0... ccc e cece cece cece eee 283
SpiCdtd.. 0... cece ee eee eee eee 119, 121, 131 pubescens. ............. cee cecececeecece 283
virgata. ..... 2.222.202 2c e eee ee eect eee 245 | Wislizenia costellata............20..0..0.... 266
Urera alceacfolia..........--.0.2-eeee eee eee 106 fruticosa. 2.2.22. 0 2.222 266
Valota insularis.-............ 125, 126, 135, 142, 210 mamillata...........----.- ee cee cece ee. 266
Venezuela, flora and collections............. 105 pacalis. 22.2.0 22.2 e eee eee ce cece cece 265
Vilfa arguld... 2.2.2.2... cece eee eee eee 237 palmeri.. 2.22.22... 2 22220.000020000000-. 266
domingensis............22+-2 002222000 237 refracta. 2.2.0.0... 000.00 cece cece ee cee 266
ee 150 | Wissadula microcalyx.................20.... 286
grisebachiana ............-.2-.202e eee eee 2388 | Yerba de larabia.................20...-2-5- 371
Villadia guatemalensis...................... 896 | Yerbasanta.................-.---2 222-22 371
Cs Se 159, 160
Visnaga........... 02.22 eee ee ee eee eee 291 | Zapote.... 2.2.2... 222. 99
LL 334 del mico.....................2--2---0 25 99
VISCOBA... 2... 2 eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 347 Zeamays.....-2.2--2..0 22-220 132, 453
Washingtonia...............2-2--00222 eee eee 443 0 Zehlia... 222s 297
longistylis villicaulis.................... 443 0 Zeugites. 22.000. 127
Weberocereus.........-...-.-2-2-2-00000000- 431 AMEVICANA... 2. ee ce wens 127
biolleyi............2220. 020020 ce cee eee ee 48200 Zizania... 2.22.2. 2 eee eee 130
tunilla.. 22.2.2... 432 — aquatica .................... 124, 125, 130, 156
Wedelia.. 22.2... cece eee eee ee 331 - aquatica angustifolia. ... 22... .2.2.0.0.54. 124
COTACOSONG... 2.20 eee 1 cClavulosa.. 2.2... eee eee eee ee ... 156
cristata. 2.222222... 2. eee eee eee 331 Jluitans.....2....02... cece eee cece eee eeee 156
glabra... .. 2... cece eee ee eee 332 miliaced... 2.2.2.2 ee cee cee ee 156
incarnata..........2.2...2222.0.22202.-. 332 palustris. .............2......- 124, 125, 130, 156
anodonta.............2.2..20.....02. 8833 = Zizaniopsis miliacea......................-.. 156
nudata,. ........2..00000.0..000000020- ~ B84 0 Zizial.. loll ee “. 448
villosa ..2.....22.2.2-222.2200002- $33,334 arenicola ..........-2....2.-2.0...---... 443
ERRATUM.
For the combination Bergerocereus emoryi (Engelm.) Britton & Rose, printed by error in the text (p.
435), the authors here substitute Bergerocactus emoryi (Engelm.) Britton & Rose.
O
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