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ie FAUNAS OP BRITESE VDI
CEYLON AND BURMA.
PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF
Srare ror Inpra rn Counc.
EDITED BY W. T. BLANFORD.
eee
M0 THS.—Vol. I.
BY
G. F. HAMPSON.
LONDON:
TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
CALCUTTA: BOMBAY:
THACKHER, SPINK, & CO. THACKER & CO., LIMITED.
BERLIN:
R. FRIEDLANDER & SOHN, 11 CARLSTRASSE.
1892.
ALERE FLAMMAM.
PRINTED BY TAYEOR AND FRANCTS,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,
PREFACE.
Any attempt to enumerate, describe, and classify the Moths
of so large a region as British India must, in the imperfect
state of our present knowledge, be very incomplete, and more
and better workers in this interesting branch of Natural
History cannot be expected to come forward until some
handbook is provided for them. It has been hitherto impos-
sible to name any but the commonest Indian Moths without
access to a library, which does not exist anywhere in the
East except at Calcutta, or to collections of species carefully
identified by comparison with the types, which collections do
not exist in the East at all; and itis hoped that the publication
of the Volumes, of which the present is the first, will be of
use to students of the subject, and aid a school of workers in
the field for the Heterocera such as have arisen for the Rho-
palocera since the publication of the first volume of Marshall
and de Nicéville’s ‘ Butterflies of India.’
As no general revision of the Heterocera has been attempted
since Guenée’s time, and as his system is very much out of
date, one of the most difficult parts of the present work has
been the scheme of classification and the correct placing of
the very numerous species which had been described. It is,
however, hoped that, by collating the systems of writers who
have worked at special groups, a natural scheme in accordance
1V PREFACE. -
with modern ideas on the subject has been evolved, and that
the keys and illustrations will render this scheme intelligible
to students and enable them to follow the characters given.
In the preparation of the system now proposed I have been
much indebted to Herr P. C. T. Snellen’s ‘ Vlinders van
Nederland,’ the only recently attempted classification of the
families of Moths that I know of. How admirable a classi-
fication it is may be judged of by the fact that I have found
his system, based on the small fauna of the Netherlands,
applicable with but slight modifications to the large tropical
fauna of India.
The material available for study has been almost complete
as far as it exists, and the descriptions have been drawn up
and the synonymy worked out, in the large majority of cases,
from the types of the species, so that it is hoped that com-
paratively few errors will have crept in. No pains have been
spared to compare as large a series of each species as was
possible, and as most of the species were originally described
from single specimens by their authors, who did not always
make sufficient allowance for the variation that is known to
exist amongst the Moths of Europe and other countries
where they have been largely bred, the synonymy has been
lengthy and difficult to unravel; and though some may think
that more has been done in uniting species than will be
justified by a future study of the subject, yet as the individual
peculiarities of each form have been indicated this will but
help to show their affinities.
In very few localities in British India have the Moths
been collected systematically enough over a large number of
years to give results approaching completeness. Sikhim and
Ceylon are certainly the best-worked tracts. The former
yielded the greater part of the fine collection made by the
late W. S. Atkinson, now in the possession of Dr. Staudinger
PREFACE. W
at Dresden, the only large Indian collection which has not been
available for reference. The disadvantage caused by want of
access to Mr. Atkinson’s Collection has, however, been greatly
diminished by the co-types and drawings belonging to Mr. F.
Moore, who originally described the collection, being placed
freely at my disposal, and by the fact that Mr. H. G. Elwes
spent a fortnight at Dresden comparing his magnificent
Sikhim Collection with the types there, and making numerous
notes, of which I have been allowed the fullest use. I have
also examined the more recent collections made in that
district by the late Otto Moller and by Messrs. Elwes and
Knyvett, which are now described for the first time.
Of the Moths of the N.W. Himalayas, the fine collections
of the Rev. J. H. Hocking and Majors Yerbury and Harford
(the last of whom made beautiful drawings of the early stages
of many species) give a very good idea: all three collections
are now in the British Museum. The collection made by
Mr. J. H. Leech in Kashmir has been lent to me for study
and description of the new species, and free access has been
given to me for purposes of comparison to his unrivalied
Japanese and Chinese collections.
The Moths of Bombay, Poona, and other localities in W.
India have been largely worked by Col. C. Swinhoe, who has
lent to me any specimens required for study or figuring from
his very large Indian Collection, and has also enabled me to
compare Walker’s types of Moths in the Oxford Museum,
which he is now engaged in arranging, with the British Mu-
seum coliection ; by this comparison numerous valuable facts
have been elicited. Of the Moth-fauna of the Nilgiris my
own collection gives a fairly complete picture, as, though my
collecting did not extend over many years, it was carried on
at all the different elevations and on each of the several
slopes.
vi PREFACE.
The Ceylonese fauna is perhaps the one that has been the
best worked, and the only one where any large study of the
earlier stages has been made; the collections of Dr. Thwaites,
and the earlier collections of Messrs. Mackwood, E. E. Green,
and many others, were all described by Mr. Moore in his
‘ Lepidoptera of Ceylon, and the drawings: of larve figured
by him; whilst the later collections of Messrs. Mackwood,
Green, Butt, and others, all now in the British Museum,
have been described by myself in the part of the ‘ I1lustra-
tions of Heterocera’ to be shortly issued.
In the Assamese and Burmese regions the fine collections
made by Mr. W. Doherty in Upper Assam, the Naga Hills,
and various localities in the Burmese hill-ranges, now im
Mr. Elwes’s collection, are described for the first time, as
also the collection made by Mr. E. Y. Watson in Burma, and
presented by him to the British Museum, the collection made
by L. Fea and lent to me by the Genoa Museum, and that
made by Mr. Doherty in the Tenasserim Valley lent to me
by Mr. H. Druce; whilst the collections of the Ran-
goon Museum, and those made in the Khasi Hills by the
Rey. W. Hamilton, both described by Col. Swinhoe, have
also been available; as also have the few species described
from the Andamans and Nicobars. It is, however, from
these eastern regions that by far the largest number of
novelties will appear, and sufficient is known of the fauna to
show how largely Malayan types are there represented.
Thus, although the localities in which systematic collecting
has been done are few, they represent all the extremes of the
various climatic differences which occur in India, so that it
may be assumed that sufficient is known of the Heterocerous
fauna to give some approach to completeness, to prove that
it is quite as diverse and specialized as in other parts of the
world, and to show that the main lines of geographical dis-
PREFACE. Vil
tribution, as laiddown from the study of the Mammalia, Birds,
Reptiles, Fishes, and Butterflies, are applicable also to the
Moths, though the more cosmopolitan distribution of the
genera and our imperfect knowledge of the Moths of the
surrounding regions do not enable us to define the subregions
as accurately as in other orders.
-To the authorities of the British Museum, and to the
assistant-keeper, Mr. A. G. Butler, I am indebted for much
help and the fullest opportunities of studying the National
Collection, which contains almost all the types of Walker,
Butler, Swinhoe, and many others, so that the main portion
of the present work had necessarily to be done at the Museum.
To Mr. H. G. Elwes in especial my thanks are due for
being the originator of the idea of the work, for reading over
and correcting the whole of the proofs, and for much invaluable
advice and assistance, besides placing his whole collection at
my disposal. Mr. I’. Moore has given me free access at any
time to his rich collection containing most of his types, and
has lent me every specimen and drawing wanted, help all the
more generous in that he has his own ‘ Lepidoptera Indica,’
which will deal with the same subject, in progress. My best
thanks are also due to Mr. E. Meyrick for his extremely
useful criticism of the key to the families, to Lord Walsing-
ham and Mr. J. H, Durrant for help with the Tinegeriide, to
the Hon. W. de Rothschild for the loan of specimens, and to
my artist, Mr. H. Knight, for the careful way he has carried
out the drawings of structure.
In conclusion, I may say that the other two volumes have
made such progress that I hope they will be published within
the next three years, bringing the work down to the end of
the Pyralide proper, which is all that is contemplated for
the present. The material for the other families is almost
vill PREFACE.
entirely in Lord Walsingham’s collection, and will be worked
out by him, so that it will not be necessary for others to deal
with it, excepting the Crambite, Phycid, and Gallerid sections
of the Pyralide, which cannot be satisfactorily worked out
till M. Ragonot publishes his monograph in the Romanoff
Memoirs.
_G. F. HAMPSON.
November 27th, 1892.
SYSTEMATIC
HETEROCERA
eee eee roe
Fam. 1. SATURNIIDZ ......
Ihe ANGE) ILA Bosc abbe 6
1. selene, Hiibn.
2. menas, Doubl. ......
3. ignescens, Moore ....
2. Attacus, Linn.
1. atlas, Linn.
2. edwardsi, White ...
3. cynthia, Drury ......
Al Tal@bib, VES Ae ooo50 0
3. Anthereea, Miibn. ......
- roylei, Moore........
. paphia, Zinn.........
knyvetti, Hmpsn.....
. helferi, Moore
assama, Westw.......
.andamana, Moore ....
. frithi, Moore
4, Saturnia, Schrank
1. zuleika, Hope........
2. thibeta, Westw.......
8, anaba, AVOORE coocodc.
A, grotei, Moore........
5. lindia, Moore
6. pyretorum, Westw.
7. simla, Westw.
8. huttoni, Moore
9. cachara, Moore
10. stoliczkana, Feld.
5. Loepa, Moore
1. katinka, Westw.
2. simplicia, Maass.
Weym.
3. newara, Moore
6. Salassa, Moore
Olan Westton ns... «1s
2. royi, Elwes
VOL. I.
NID CUP Cobo
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INDEX.
| Ue Oran We boos boc0so
| 1. trifenestrata, Helfer . .
2. drepanoides, Moore
Fam. 2. BRAHM#ID2
1. Brahmeea, Wik. ........
1. wallichii, Gray
2. hearseyi, Whate
oe ee oe
Fam. 3. BomBycIDz&
1. Bombyx, Hubn. ........
Ils LH, ILUNlsn oe odono con
2. Ectrocta, Hmpsn. ......
1. diaphana, Hmpsn.....
3. Ocinaral Wey. 046 3
1. signifera, WIk. .
2. apicalis, Wik. ......
Savarlansen Ucar:
A Gunda, Wilowes acid.
1, javanica, Moore......
2. apicalis, Hmpsn......
3. sikkima, Moore
5. Theophila, Moore
1. huttoni, Westw.
2. lugubris, Drury......
Ge Marstilia Uke vecsrsnet oy
1. falcipennis, Wik. ....
eoaeece
eee eee
eee eee
3. hepatica, Moore......
(em Andracan Wie aue: sears
1. bipunctata, Wik. ....
Fam. 4. EupTEROTID=
1. Gangarides, Moore......
Ii, ores Les soosoc8s
Oe Pand alae Wiliserrs ects
WdolosayyHdren syst sch:
b
2. sphingiformis, Moore .
x SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
co
. Melanothrix, Feld.......
1. leucotrigona, Hmpsn. .
f=
Dreata, Wika. «6.0
Ho neoles, UUs woooooss
Palirisa, Moore ........
1. lineosa, Wilk. ........
2. cervina, Moore .....:
6. Tagora, Wik. ..-...-:..
patella ica ote hae
Ae pallida Wilke cc. «+
3. nigriceps, Hmpsn.....
4, murina, Moore
. Pseudojana, Hmpsn.
1. incandescens, W/k. ..
oh (Geumity iWin soonudoope
Ie postica, Wika. nen) «
1. pandya, Moore
3. glaucescens, Wik.....
AON, i so00da00a6
1. subdives, Wik. ......
2 MOTAIIS, PU blere\. = cla)
3. fenestrata, Butl.......
10. Apona, Wik.
1. cashmirensis, Koll. ..
2. plumosa, Moore......
Xt
~]J
eee eae
we)
3. shevaroyensis, Moore .
11. Eupterote, Hiibn. ......
. undata, Blanch. ......
ie, (ORB coocodec
.mollifera, Wlk.......
. flavicollis, Guér. ....
afk Was en nt oes
. primularis, Moore....
. geminata, Wik.......
b MAINO JOO 3 6060007
. limeosa, Wik: .......-
PaUIMG ANS Wilicwetes lejere«
~testacea, Wilk. ...2.
. translata, Swrnh.
. flavida, Moore ......
. plumipes, Wik. ......
. Vialis, Moore
IGS Gimmie Ve Sacooon
17. unicolor, Hmpsn. ....
5 INEGI Use eb ocdec ne
1. simplex, WIk.
Sangatissa, Moore
COON OB Cobo
eee reese
eeeree
13. Sangatissa, Moore ......
1. subcurvifera, Wik. ..
14. Cnethocampa, Steph.....
1. cheela, Moore
aleve ie helte
Fam. 5. SPHINGIDZ........
Subfam. 1. Acherontune....
1. Acherontia, Ochsen: ....
1. styx, Westw. ......-:
2. lachesis, Fabr. .....-
Page
Subfam. 2. Smerinthine .... 68
1. Polyptychus, Hiibn. .... 68
1. dentatus, Cram....... 69
2. dy1as, Wile nein 69
3. spectabilis, Butl. .... 71
2. Cypa, Wik. ce eee 71
1. decorata, Moore...... 71
2. decolor, Wik..... + etareuemdale
3. ferruginea, Wik...... “ e,
A. floralis, Butler 72
3. Daphnusa, Wik. ........ 72
1. ocellaris, Wik. ...... 72
2. porphyria, Butl. 73
4. Langia, Moore ........ 73
1. zenzeroides, Moore 73
5. Leucophlebia, Westw. 74
1. lineata, Westw....... 74
2. emittens, Wilk. ...... 75
Subfam, 3. Ambulycine .... 75
1. Calymnia, Wik. ........ 76
1. panopus, Cram. ...... 76
2, Ambulyx, Westw. ...... 77
1. substrigilis, Westw. .. 77
2. semifervens, Wik..... 78
3. rubiginosa, Moore.... 78
4. rubricosa, Wlk....... 79
5. junonia, Butl........ 79
6. elwesi, Druce........ 79
@. phalanis; Cram: «7 ss. 79
8. bilineata, Wik. ...... 80
9. deucalion, Wik....... 80
10. pagana, Fabr. ...... 80
I exusta, sBidlarnereier 80
12. ornea, Westw. ...... 80
Subfam. 4. Cherocampine .. 81
1. Acosmeryx, Borsd....... 81
1. ancea, Cram......... 81
2. naga, Moore ........ 83
2. Ampelophaga, Brem. &
POY Nacsin Sera 83
1. rubiginosa, Brem. &
Giey eee ee 83
2. dolichoides, Feld. .... 84
3. Cherocampa, Dup....... 84
1. elpenor, Zomn. ...... 84
2. alecto, Tnnn. ......+ 85
BAO Gri soooonss 85
A, theylia, Zann.......-. 85
5. celerio, Linn......... 87
6. lycetus, Cram. ...... 87
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xl
Page
7. oldenlandie, Fabr. .. 87
8. silhetensis, Wik. .... 88
oh vite, Carbo oo paneer 88
10, insignis, Buti. ...... 89
Isl ibusirisss Wee hae 89
12. variolosa, Wik. ...... 89
13. metallica, Butl....... 89
14, automedon, Wik. .... 90
15. mydon, Wik. ....... ; 90
16, assamensis, Wik. .... 90
17. gloriosa, Butl........ 91
18. olivacea, Moore...... 91
OMe latasmUicomennies set 91
20. castanea, Moore...... 92
Ale INO ay Ns TUS Go e cola be 92
22 elURSIse VVC» aie ciate © « 92
iy, |OUR (CROs ado sA Clon 93
24, mirabilis, Butl. ...... 93
25. lneosa, Wik. ....36. 93
26. pallicosta, Wik. ...... 94
ZCLOLUSs CLAM: we 106)» 94
Ay Daphniss Hubr..). 1. «\ 94
Laer Ibe as ob boob 94
2. hypothous, Cram. .... 95
3. andamanus, Druce.... 96
4. layardi, Moore ...... 96
5. ernestinus, Moore .... 96
6. bhaga, Moore........ 96
7. minimus, Butl. ....... 97
oe Wilephilay Ochs 0.0.6.5 97
MeplivOrniGas, Ls \ele anes 97
2. euphorbiz, Linn. .... 98
He fll, THs cooa nodes 98
Ae GallitG yer wenraae ok 99
6. Theretra, Hubn......... 99
We messuss) Dune Vee 99
MD, NCE, (GR coo ona0s 100
ie Enlabian Willow his cues ae 100
1. dolichus, Westw. .... 100
8. Angonyx, Boisd......... 101
1. testacea, Wik. ...... 101
2, seulpta, Feld......... 102
Subfam. 5. Sphingine ...... 102
1. Protoparce, Burm. ...... 108
1, convolvuli, Zinn. .... 103
2. uniformis, Butl.... . ».. 104
2. Pseudosphinx, Burm. .. 104
1, inexacta, Wik. ...... 104
2. grisea, Hmpsn. ...... 104
Sr 1) VU obooasooso0e 104
4, nyctiphanes, W/k. 105
5. cyrtolophia, Butl..... 105
6. discistriga, Wik. .... 105
7. concolor, Hmpsn..... 106
Page
3. Apocalypsis, Butl....... 107
1 yeloxephitl. | Aelataeion 107
4. Nephele, -Hubn. .......- 108
1. hespera, Pabr. ...... 108
Subfam. 6. Macroglossine 109
I GurelcaypAanbype satanic 109
Vchyasy Vleet . 110
2. masuriensis, Butl..... 110
3. macroglossoides, Wik. 110
4. pusilla, Butl......... lll
2. Rhopalopsyche, Buti. 111
Ie mycteris, Koll) sa... 111
2. bifasciata, Butl....... 112
5. Macroglossa, Scop. ...... 112
I aGrayeMes, Jeybo 6 0 66 6 112
AB NAelD JE Soobo oor 112
Sy amenisy, UE. a oban nab 113
A, affictitia, Butl. ...... 115
5, stellatarum, Zinn..... 115
Guibelists Grama ecias 113
7. belia, Hmpsn. ...... 114
8. proxima, Butl. ...... 114
9. semifasciata, Hmpsn. . 115
10. bengalensis, Bowsd. .. 115
I ysibiene, lh. is «3 115
12. glaucoptera, Butl. .... 115
13, walker, Buti. ...... 116
14. avicula, Bowsd. ....., 116
lbs lepehay Buel.) <cae)0)- 116
16. insipida, But?. ...... 117
17. gilia, Herr.-Schaff. .. 117
18. divergens, Wilk. .... 117
19. imperator, Butl....... 118
20. rectifascia, Feld. .... 118
Jie taro Cramer 118
22, hemichroma, Buti. 118
23. interrupta, But. 119
4, Hemaris, Dalm. ........
1. fuciformis, Zinn. .,.. 119
2. saundersi, Wik....... 119
3. rubra, Hmpsn. ..... » 120
5. Cephonodes, Hiibn....... 120
why lasiecaeniecraeete ats 120
6. Sataspes, Moore ........ 121
1. infernalis, Westw..... 121
2. ventralis, Buti. ...... 122
7. Rhodosoma, Butl. ...... 122
1. triopus, Westw....... 122
Fam. 6. NoTopDonTID& .... 124
1) Tarsolepis,- Buti...
1. fulgurifera, W7k.
2. remicauda, Buti. .... 127
62
a
xii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
2. Dudusa, Wik......... .. 128 | 16, Antheua, Wik. ...... oe
1. sphingiformis, Moore. . 128 l. servula, Drury ......
3. Hapigia, Gwen. ........ 129 2. exanthemata, Moore ..
Lv obliqualyaH crits. elt. 129 | 17. Zaranga, Moore ...... ME
A Nadata Wile. von 130 1. pannosa, Moore......
I. niveiceps, Wik......- 130 | 18. Fentonia, Buti. ........
5. Baradesa, Moore........ 131. 1. argentifera, Moore....
1. lithosioides, Moore .. 131 2. brunnea, Moore ......
6. Rachia, Moore ........ 181 3. obliquiplaga, Moore ..
1. plumosa, Moore...... 132 4, apicalis, Moore ......
2. striata, Ampsn....... 152 8. ocypete, Brem. «2. .!.
deebhalera, "tion ise we). 138 G. tenebrosa, Wk.
1. parivala, Moore...... 133 | 19. Stauropus, Germ. ......
2. sangana, Moore...... 154 1. maculatus, Moore ....
3. torpida, Wik. ...... 154 2. alternus, Wilk. ......
4. procera, Feld......... 134 5. sikkimensis, Moore... .
Oeatayia, MOCO ey ie yar 134 4. dentilinea, Hmpsn. .
8. Gargetta, Wik. ........ 135 5. apicalis, Moore ......
1. costigera, Wik....... 135 6. viridescens, Wk. ....
2. nagaensis, Hmpsn. .. 185 7. pallidifascia,
3. curvaria, Hmpsn. .... 186 J TET UTOR e30.0806-0
4,ingens, Wilk.w.......- 136 8. albivertex, Hmpsn. .
5. albimacula, Hmpsn. .. 156 9. fasciatus, Moore......
Oh MLTR es oA gadan 136 10. griseus, Hmpsn.......
1 OHIO MI Bo. c0000 137 11. orbifer, Hmpsn.......
ONIN orraca, core jason. 137 12. basiniger, Moore ....
1. longipennis, Moore .. 187 13. vinaceus, Moore
ll. Niganda, Moore........ 58 14, plagiviridis, Moore ..
1. strigifascia, Moore.... 188 | 20. Somera, Wik...........
Eye a Vilicee totes 138 1. viridifusca, Wik. ....
1. testacea, Wilk. ...... 139 | 21. Liparopsis, Hmpsn. .... |
2. decurrens, Moore .... 189 1. postalbida, Hmpsn. .
3. longivitta, Wik. .... 189 . Cerura, Schrank ........
As mana, Swinh. S200... 140 1. hiturata, Wilk. een
Dampallida eels acts ot 140 2, prasana, Moore ......
6. ochracea, Moore .... 140 > Damata alco seen
7. galbana, Swinh....... 140 1. longipennis, Wik.....
8. metaphea, Wik. .... 140 2. microsticta, Hmpsn. ..
9. eupatagia, Hmpsn. .. 141 . Dicranura, Boisd. ......
10. aurata, Moore........ 141 1. himalayana, Moore ..
11. fasciata, Moore ...... 141 . Metaschalis, Hmpsn.....
12. sikkima, Moore ...... 141 1. disrupta, Moore......
15. nigropuncta, Hmpsn... 142 -Chadisra: aHiU/c mere
14, nigrofasciata, Hmpsn. . 142 I biparsy Wilke asec
15. basistriga, Moore .... 142 . Pheosia, Avibn. os nose.
16. ferrifera, Wilk. ...... 142 1. fasciata, Moore ......
13. Ramesa, Wik. ........ 142 2. pulcherrima, Moore .
AL etosta, sais. Paes: 145 3. excurvata, Hmpsn.
2. fuscipennis, Hmpsn... 145 4, grisea, Swinh. ......
3. divisa, Moore ........ 1435 5. strigata, Moore ......
4. albistriga, Moore .... 145 6. sikkima, Moore ......
WAS Aaa, ili. we 5 eres ais > 144 | 28. Notodonta, Ochs. ......
1. lignosa, Wik......... 144 1. albifascia, Moore
15, Anticyra, Wik. ........ 144 2. gigantea, Elwes ......
1. combusta, Wik....... 145 5, moorel, Hmpsn.......
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
4, sikkima, Moore ...... 163
Dp we, VENVIT onacocbe 163
29. Hypereschra, But. . 163
iS pallidawec/ serene 164
2. rasan Moore .... 164
3. tenebrosa, Moore .... 164
4. basalis, Moore ...... 164
5. nigribasis, Hmpsn. .. 165
6. dentata, Ampsn. . 165
7. variegata, Moore .... 165
30. Lophopteryx, Steph. .... 166
1. saturata, Wik. ...... 166
2. atrofusa, Hmpsn. .... 166
3. flavistigma, Moore.... 167
4, ferruginosa, Moore 167
31. Megaceramis, Hmpsn. .. 167
1. lamprolepis, Hmpsn... 167
SA EVIE MUG Bee keoe one 168
Is Glivats, UYU cooks cet 168
33. Spatalia, Miibn. ........ 168
1. argentifera, Wik. .... 169
2. gemmifera, Moore .... 169
3. costalis, Moore ...... 170
4, argentata, Moore .... 170
5. albifasciata, Hmpsn... 170
6. auritractata, Moore .. 170
7. plusioides, Moore ..., 170
ode Besaia iW lie. es. force 171
le rubiginea, Wik....... 171
354 Cleapas Wilk... 2.2505 .. Wel
1. latifascia, Wik. ...... 172
36. Ichthyura, Hiibn. ...... 172
1. anachoreta, Fabr. .... 172
2. costicomma, Hmpsn... 173
3. cupreata, Butl. ...... 173
4, restitura, Wilk. ...... 174
5. undulata, Hmpsn. .... 174
6. ferruginea, Moore 174
37. Cyphanta, Wik. ........ 174
1. xanthochlora, Wik. .. 175
2. chortochlora, Hmpsn. . 175
Fam. 7. CyMATOPHORIDH .. 177
1. Habrosyne, Hiibn.... .. 178
IL, CRE UUs 66054605 178
2. plagiata, Moore ...... 179
3. armata, Moore ...... 179
4, argenteipuncta, Hmpsn. 179
5. sanguinea, Moore .... 179
pad Woy eet ne Oe 2 £111) 180
barista ergs 180
3, (Gemmsmb, WUE Soncobes 181
isons, UE conse soe 181
2. aurofasciata, Hmpsn. . 181
3. florescens, W/k. 182
xiii
Page
4, fuscescens, Hmpsn. .. 182
5. lichenea, Hmpsn. .... 182
4, Polyploca, Miibn. ...... 182
1. orbicularis, Moore.... 183
2. anguligera, Hmpsn. .. 183
3. renalis, Moore ...... 183
4, albidisca, Warr. . 183
5. cuprina, Moore ...... 184
6. albicosta, Moore...... 184
7. albibasis, Hmpsn. .... 184
5. Nemacerota, Hmpsn..... 185
1. cinerea, Warr. ...... 185
2. alternata, Moore . 185
6. Toxoides, Hmpsn. ...... 185
1. longipennis, Hmpsn. .. 186
Ham, Ss SSID AN ige sane 187
I. Trochilium, Scop. ...... 188
1. ommatizforme, Moore 189
2. ignicolle, Hmpsn. .... 189
2. Sphecodoptera, Hmpsn... 189
I. repanda, Wik. ...... 189
2. flavicollis, Zmpsn. .. 190
3. Anthrenoptera, Swink. .. 190
I. contracta, Wilk. 5... 9 190
4. Trilochana, Moore ...... 190
1. scolioides, Moore .... 191
2. ignicauda, Ampsn. .. 191
5. Sciapteron, Staud. ...... 191
1. flammans, Hmpsn..... 191
2. grotei, Moore.......; . 192
3. ceeruleimicans, Hmpsn. 192
4, atkinsoni, Moore 192
5. noblei, Swinh.......-. 192
6. sikkima, Moore ...... 193
7. metallicum, Hmpsn... 195
8. gracile, Swink. ...... 193
9. cupreivitta, Hmpsn. .. 193
10, tenuimarginatum,
JEGUUTOS See0660060 193
6. Macrotarsipus, Hmpsn. .. 194
1. albipunctus, Hmpsn... 194
7. Ichneumenoptera, Ampsn. 194
1. auripes, Hmpsn....... 194
2. flavicincta, Himpsn. .. 195
3. xanthosoma, Hnpsn. . 195
4, flavipalpus, Hmpsn. .. 195
5. ignifera, Hmpsn. . 195
CHISEL JHU ocankooscace 196
1. quinquecincta, Hmpsn. 196
2. minuta, Swink. ...... 196
3. unicincta, Hmpsn..... 196
4, xanthosticta, Hmpsn. . 197
5.
6.
tricincta, Moore......
flava, Moore
cee oe eae
197
X1V SYSTEMATIC INDEX,
Page Page
7. flavicaudata, Moore .. 197 | 2. Syntomis, Ochs. ........ 212
8. flavipes, Hmpsn... .. 198 1. unifascia, Hmpsn..... 212
9. Adixoa, Hmpsn......... 198 2. atkinsoni, Moore .... 212
1. alterna, Wikia....5-- 198 3. DICINCta. L0Ol a eee 213
2. auricollum, Hmpsn. .. 198 4, cyssea, Cram......... 213
10. Trichocerota, Hmpsn. .. 199 9; minor, Warns. eee 213
1. ruficincta, Hmpsn. .. 199 6. insueta, Swink. ...... 218
Me wlinthiasiVikwe en eee 11g) 7. georgina, Butl. ...... 218
1. cupreipennis, Wik. .. 199 8. albapex, Hmpsn. .... 214
12. Ceratocorema, Hmpsn. .. 200 9. gelatina, Hmpsn. .... 214
1. postcristatum, Hmpsn. 200 10. extensa, Wik. ........ 214
13. Aschistophleps, Hmpsn... 200 1 lucinas eB tle 214
1. lampropoda, Hmpsn... 200 12. khasiana, Butl. ...... 214
2. melissoides, Hmpsn. .. 201 13. flavifrons, Hmpsn..... 215
14. Oligophlebia, Hmpsn..... 201 14. quadrifascia,Hmpsn... 215
1. nigralba, Hmpsn. .... 201 Los divisasWike ase 215
VSseMelittia, Wile. ese +. 202 16. masoni, Moore ...... 215
1. astarte, Westw. ...... 202 17. diaphana, Koll. ...... 216
2. pellecta, Swinh. ...... 202 ISmelena, Wikre 216
3. volatilis, Swinh....... 202 19. albifrons, Moore...... 216
4, eurytion, Westw. .... 203 20. discinota, Moore .... 216
OwINGIGa WH iuieee ee 203 Zils tervidas Wiiaes oe 217
6. grandis, Hmpsn....... 2033 22. newara, Moore ...... 217
7. newara, Moore ...... 203 23. lepcha, Moore........ 217
8. kuluana, Moore ...... 204 24. sladeni, Moore ...... 217
9, notabilis, Swink. .... 204 25. erotei, Moore........ 218
10. gigantea, Moore .... 204 26. vitrea, Wik. ........ 218
11. chaleiformis, Fabr. .. 204 27. submarginalis, Wik. .. 218
12. nepcha, Moore ...... 205 28. tigrina, Wikis. aes 2S
IG wenyra, Wilkie see eee 205 29. chlorocera, Hmpsn. .. 218
1. astaroth, Westw. .... 205 30. luteifascia, Hmpsn. .. 218
31. berinda, Moore
Fam. 9. TINzGERUDZ .... 206 ae nue Pee eone re a
: yi, ae:
1, Snellenia, Wism......... 206 Bee PPS oo soe ae
1. coccinea, Wism....... 207 aA formosee, Butl. ...... e
2. tarsella, Wism. ...... 207 BS eesS Ole) ELIE, 9 4
Deda po qaezel 507 37. cherra, Moore........ 220
(sclawdcndeGnelia eyo 38. multigutta, Wik. .... 220
Siaint , 207 39. blanchardi, Powj. .... 221
3. Eretmocera, Zell... 208 eee sa
. 7777. P . serrata, 2mpsn....... Zz
Eprapaciellas Ue e208 42, aperiens, Wik. sate aes 221
45. ochreipuncta, Hmpsn. . 222
Fam. 10. Synrommpz ...... 209 4A, haisea, Swinh......... 222
Ad. era, Swenk. + \s enka 222
1. Syntomoides, Hmpsn..... 209 46. musa, Swink. ace ne 222
dvamaon, Cramine. sss: 210 47. confinis, Wik......... 2238
2. godartii, Boisd. ...... 210 48. subaurata, Wik....... 223
3. hydatina, Buil. ...... 210 49, affinis, Moore........ 223
4, hyalina, Moore ...... 211 50. aterea, Cram......... 223
5. volans, Swink. ...... 211 51. erythrosoma, Hmpsn. . 223
6. incipiens, Wik. ...... 211 52. pectoralis, Wik....... 224
7. brachypecten, Hmpsn. 211 53. thoracica, Moore ..... 224
8. microchilus, Hmpsn... 212
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XV
Page Page
a Calli Gomisy 2b. geieis eel 224 | 11. Procotes, Butl. ...... 2: 209
1. syntomoides, But]. .. 224 I, diminuta, Wik... 0... 239
2. leucosoma, Buti. .... 225 | 12. Clelea, Wik. .......... 235
3. multifasciata, Hmpsn. 225 1. sapphirina, Wik. .... 239
A, Tricheeta, Swinh. ...... 225 2. discriminis, Swinh..... 240
1. teneiformis, Wik. .... 225 3. nigroviridis, Hlwes.... 240
0. Psichotoé, Bowsd. ...... 225 4. plumbeola, Hmpsn. .. 240
I, duvauceli, Bod. 1... 226 | 13. Phacusa, Wik....%2...-. 240
GhNaclias bordered 226 1. dolosa, Wik. .......- 240
1. punctata, Fabr. ...... 226 2. properta, Swink....... 241
7. Euchromia, Hiibn. ...... 226 3. tenebrosa, Wik. ...... 241
1. magna, Swinh. ...... 227 4, cyanocera, Hmpsn. .. 241
2. polymena, Lin....... 227 5. khasiana, Moore ..., 241
3. orientalis, Butl....... Mp | ek, (EOE. JECT, ob oba0b00¢ 242
Amlaurae Bieler. 228 1. diaphana, Hmpsn..... 249
5. ameena, Moschl....... 228 | 15. Ephemeroidea, Hmpsn. .. 242
lWarielepetinpsn tne. 242
Fam. 11. Zy¢H@NIDE ...... 228 2. flavocincta, Hmpsn. .. 242
16. Piarosoma, Hmpsn. .... 248
Subfam. 1. Zygenine ...... 229 1. albicinctum, Hmpsn. . 243
17. Platyzygeena, Swink. .... 243
ll, “Aye JERS “saoooban 230 1. molleri, Hiwes ...... 245
1. cashmirensis, Koll, .. 230 | 18. Areeocera, Hmpsn....... 244.
2. erythrosoma, Hmpsn. . 231 1. cyanescens, Hmpsn. .. 244
3. afghana, Moore ...... 231 2, posthyalina, Hmpsn, .. 244
2. Dendrocera, Hmpsn. .... 231 | 19. Arachotia, Moore ...... 245
1. quadripunctata,Hmpsn. 231 1. flaviplaga, Moore .... 245
3. Chrysartona, Swink. .... 282 2. vespoides, Moore .... 245
]. stipata, Wik. ........ Be
2. refulgens, Hmpsn..... 23 m. 2. yaa. ge OM
4, Brachartona, Hmpsn..... 283 Sults Poe oak a
1. quadrimaculata, Moore 283 | 1. Callizygeena, Feld. ...... 248
2. catoxantha, Hmpsn. .. 283 1. nivimacula, Feld. .... 248
5. Callartona, Hmpsn. .... 233 2. auricincta, Swink. .... 249
1. purpurascens, Hmpsn. . 258 B) eae NUGUCs cooonoo6 249
GopArtona Willen. 6 Je ce ier. 234 | 2. Trypanophora, Koll. .... 249
1. postvitta, Moore...... 234 1. semihyalina, Koll..... 249
2. postalba, Elwes ...... 234 2. flavalis, Hmpsn....... 250
3. discivitta, Wik. ...... 234 3. taprobanes, Wik. .... 250
AMZEDLALCA WO UL Lamu aarti 235 3. Phlebohecta, Hmpsn..... 251
@, zebra, Elwes! 5.03.2) 235 1. fuscescens, Moore .... 251
6. sikkimensis, Elwes .. 285 2. flavicosta, Elwes...... 251
ie Comincey, PUM hogan obe0 230) | TASS OLGA MMe smears 251
feeMasemay WUE sch oe occ 236 ie rubrivittas VVlice sere 252
Ile loons ks caooeeec 256 2. leptalina, Koll. ...... 252
2. longipennis, Hmpsn... 236 3. shahama, Moore...... 253
3. fuliginosa, Moore .... 236 A, viridivena, Hmpsn. .. 253
Ar micra, Hanpsn.) . 2s. 237 5. nigribasalis, Hmpsn... 253
8. Lophosoma, Swink, .... 237 6. circinata, Herr-Schiff. 253
1. cupreum, Wik. ...... 237 7. obliquaria, Fabr. .... 254
2. quadricolor, Wik. .... 237 | 5. Pidorus, Wik.:......... 254
9. Monoschalis, Hmpsn. .... 238 1. circumdatus, W7k..... 254
1. virescens, Hmpsn..... 238 2. geminus, Wik. ...... 254
10. Thyrassia, Butl. ........ 238 3. Circe, Botsd. ........ 255
1. subcordata, Wik. .... 288 4, albifascia, Moore .... 255
Xvl
10.
1k
13.
14.
. Arbudas, Moore
. Pintia, Wik.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
5. glaucopis, Drury ....
Gemuiless7tieeen eee
weEleteropan mic ne eee
1. scintillans, Wik.......
2. cupreatus, Hmpsn.....
3, flavimacula, Hmpsn. ..
4. ochreus, Elwes
eee eee
eee er eere
1. bicolor, Moore
5 leer, Wes sooeoadudar
Tvenosay, Wik: sn. ce. «
2. subhyalina, Moore....
3. primulina, Elwes ....
lira, VUE soooahas
2p CyRINGEY, JEW oo 56 56 5:0
3. latipennis, Hmpsn.....
Heterusia, Hope ........
Sy UR s 0.0006 902
alompra, Moore
lativitta, Moore
. tricolor, Hope
edocla, Doubl. ......
. magnifica, Butl.......
. virescens, Butl. ......
. cingala, Moore
S ext) IV Gys 540060604
. drataraja, Moore ....
Milleria, Herr.-Schaff. ..
1. virginalis, Herr.-Schaff.
2. cyanivena, Hmpsn.
3, hamiltoni, Swink. .
4, cardinalis, Moore ....
oo
SOON OP CoD
. Chalcosia, Hiibn.........
. griseifusa, Hmpsn. .
. ldeoides, Herr.-Schaff.
. argentata, Moore
. adalifa, Dowbl. ......
. myrrhina, Hmpsn.....
masts (CMa ooooaner
COWIE, JO 6 onanc
sibnalloseianiats nein
. pretiosa, Wik. ......
MGistimcta Geran ne <
Wormarsiiinmctr eters
il Stzenotea iV Uo ween sae
2. maculata, Hmpsn.....
3. Zelica, Doubli ts... . a.
Cyclosia, Mibn. 2.2...
1. nigrescens, Moore ....
2. parvula, Butl. ......
3. papilionaris, Drury ..
4. australinda, Hmpsn. ..
5. panthona, Cram. .....
eS
SOMNA TPO
Page
255
255
256
256
256
256
256
257
257
257
257
258
258
258
258
259
259
259
259
260
260
260
261
261
262
262
262
262
262
265
. 263
. 264
264
264
. 264
265
. 265
265
265
266
266
266
267
267
268
268
268
268
269
269
269
269
270
270 |
Page
15. Pompelon, Wik......... 271
1. valentula, Swink. .... 271
2. subeyanea, Swinh..... 271
16. Amesia, Dune........... 272
1. sanguiflua, Drury .... 272
2. aliriss Double eee 272
3. yale, eDruce ee ee 273
life Krasmia. Hope nse. snanee 273
1. pulchella, Hope ...... 278
18. Campylotes, Westw. .... 274
1. histrionicus, Westw. .. 274
2. desgodinsi, Oberth..... 275
3. atkinsoni, Moore 275
19. Cadphises, Moore ...... 275
1. maculata, Moore 36 2D
2. MOTE PBUtl.nee oe 276
20! Isharta, Wilkos. sane 276
1. binghami, Buti. ...... 276
2 aAmMitAan swe Deel. en see 277
Ds CUPLEA, SWI sala ees 277
21. Callamesia, Butl......... 277
1. midaina, Herr.-Schdff.. 278
22. Gynautocera, Guér....... 278
1. papilionaris, Guér..... 279
Day labial VOU siodaoa0 406 279
1. flabellicornis, Faér. 280
2enileira, Moonen. eee 280
3. albimacula, Hmpsn. .. 280
4, cometaris, Butl....... 280
24. Canerces, Moore........ 281
1. euschemoides, Moore.. 281
25. Philopator, Moore ...... 281
1. basimaculata, Moore . 282
26; Agalope silks, ..aj anion: 282
1. hyalina, Koll. ......., 282
2s Chelura,Hopeseen ar eene 283
1. bifasciata, Hope...... 283
2. eronioides, Moore .... 284
3. basiflava, Moore...... 284
A. glacialis, Moore ...... 284
28, Rleysnia, but ae 284
I dohertyi, 22: ape eee 285
Subfam. 3. Phaudine ...... 285
ll), Boradia,eiMocrema eee eee 286
1. carneola, Moore...... 286
2. Anomeeotes, Feld. ...... 286
1. basalis, Moore ...... 286
3. Alophogaster, Hmpsn. .. 287
1. rubribasis, Hmpsn. 287
A. Phanday Wilk. Seiten ae 287
1. flammans, Wik....... 287
2. fuscalis, Swink. ...... 288
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
d. Himantopterus, Westw... 988
1. dohertyi, Elwes ...... 288
2. caudatus, Moore...... 288
3. zaida, Doubl. ........ 289
Fam. 12. PsyeHipa........ 289
Subfam. 1. Hceticne ...... 290
J. Cceticus, Lands......... 290
I. tertius, Templ. ...... 290
Ps MOMENT 0) (Sb Slant ne anid 291
1. crameri, Westw....... 291
2. variegata, Snell....... 291
3. Amatissa, Wik. ........ 292
1. consorta, Templ. 292
2. cuprea, Moore ...... 292
Subfam. 2. Psychiné........ 292
1, Acanthopsyche, Heyl. .. 293
Subgen. Cceticoides, Heyl. 293
ib, “pipars, LES Sool oaneid 293
2. elwesi, Heyl........ . 294
Ds CANA EMS. aa eee « 294
4. minor, Moore........ 294
Subgen. Dasaratha, Moore . 294
5. himalayana, Moore 294
6. longicauda, Warr..... 294
Subgen. Brachycyttarus,
IELTS soocoeb oot 295
7. subteralbata, Himpsn. . 295
Subgen. Pteroma, Hmpsn. 296
8. plagiophleps, Hmpsn. . 296
Subgen. Metisa, Wik. .... 296
9. “plana, WATS Ga i.e 6 296
IO), eneorey, ALAS nooo . 296
Hesnellemt Aer lsieys rs. 296
Subgen. Amicta, Heyl..... 297
12. rhabdophora, Hmpsn. . 297
2. Psyche, Schrank ........ 297
Subgen. Manatha, Moore .. 298
l.albipes, Moore........ 298
Subgen. Heylaertsia,Hmpsn. 298
2. griseata, Hmpsn. 298
3: fusca, Hmpsn. ...... 298
4, nudilineata, Himpsn. .. 298
Subgen. Chalioides, Hmpsn, 299
5. vitrea, Hmpsn. ...... 299
Subgen. Eurycyttarus,
SUELO) “Reo ob pppoe 299
6. pileata, Hmpsn....... 209
Upiieie Jes “eodac 299
8. rotunda, Hmpsn. 299
9. decemvena, Hmpsn. .. 300
Xvil
Page
Subgen. Barandra, Moore.. 500
10. fumata, Moore ...... 300
Subfam. 3. Chalune ........ 300
Ie ChraliarviMoorera acres 301
1. doubledayi, Westw. .. 301
2. Mahasena, Moore........ 301
1. andamana, Moore.... 301
2. hockingi, Moore...... 302
3. Pteroxys, Hmpsn. ...... 302
1. goniatus, Hmpsn. .... 302
2. uniformis, Hmpsn..... 302
Subfam. 4. Canephorine .... 302
1. Moffatia, Moore ........ 302
1. plumicauda, Moore .. 305
Subfam. 5. Psychoidine 303
1. Diabasis, Heyl. ..... ... 303
1. nilgirensis, Hmpsn. .. 303
ZePApreas MOOTe ris leis 303
1. mackwoodi, Moore.... 304
Fam. 13. Cossipa@ ........ 304
Ip OREM, JAW cooocgooog BUD
1. acronyctoides, Moore . 305
2. nigromaculatus,
JEGUV osanagasoc 305
3. cadambee, Moore 306
4, parvipunctus, Hmpsn.. 306
5. pallidale, Hmpsn..... 306
6. stigmaticus, Moore 306
Ay, IDiuvoyamnquies, JBOSS ocoboo6 307
snipers wlooncur eerie 307
2. ceramicus, Wik....... 307
Bi RinHb-c, (CMMs oddseone 307
4. leuconotus, W1k. 308
5. mineus, Cram. ......, 309
6. fuscipars, Hmpsn. ..., 309
3. Azygophleps, Hmpsn. 309
1. albofasciata, Moore .. 309
Qeiscalanisy Mabry yes 310
oo pusillay Wier. « 310
AL AWA, LOCUS wonocoo8K$ 310
icontertay Vile saee ae 310
2. indica, Herr.-Schaff. .. 311
3. postexcisa, Hmpsn. oll
4, multistrigata, Moore .. 311
5. coffee, Mietn......... 312
5. Phragmatzecia, Vewm. .. 312
1. castanese, Hiibn....... 313
2. impura, Hmpsn....... 515
XVlil
6. Eremocossus, Hmpsn....
1, foedus, Stonhy. -. 5s.
Fam. 14. ARBELID2
IArbelawiloone nar. sey:
1. quadrinotata, Wik... ..
2. tetraonis, Moore.....
3. dea, Swinh..........
2. Encaumaptera, Hmpsn... *
1. stigmata, Hmpsn. ...
Fam. 15. HepraLipa
1. Palpifer, Hmpsn.
eee re
eeoee
Page
3135
314
1. sexnotatus, Moore .... 317
2. tavoyanus, Moore .... 317
2. Hepialiscus, Hmpsn. .... 317
1. nepalensis, Wik. .... 317
ay JBangsish WUE 6oo0000ac 318
1. aboé, Moore ....... 518
2. punctimargo, Hmpsn. . 319
3. damor, Moore....... 319
4, purpurascens, Moore .. 519
6. signifer, Wik........ 320
6. malabaricus, Moore .. 321
7. auratus, Hmpsn. .... 321
8. albofasciatus, Moore .. 321
9. viridis, Hmpsn...... 321
Fam. 16, CaLLipULID2 .... 322
1. Cleosiris, Bowd. ....... 322
1. catamita, Geyer ..... 322
2. Callidula, Miibn........ 325
eminor Moores... 323
2. erycinoides, Wik. .... 324
3. attenuata, Moore .... 324
3. Pterodecta, Butl........ 324
1. anchora, Moore ..... 325
4, Herimba, Moore....... 325
1. atkinsoni, Moore ..., 325
Fam. 17. DREPANULIDZH.... 326
1. Euchera, Hiién. ....... 327
1. substigmaria, Hiibn. .. 327
2. rectificata, Wk. .. 028
3. pitmani, Moore ..... 328
2. Macrocilix, Butl.......: 329
1. mysticata, Wlk...... 329
2. orbiferata, Wik...... 330
3. Macrauzata, Butl. ....:. 330
1. fenestraria, Moore .... 380
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
4 Auzatas Wie eee 331
1. semipavonaria, Wik... 331
5. Ditrigona, Moore ...... 331
1. triangularia, Moore .. 332
6. Teldenia, Moore........ 332
1. vestigiata, Butl....... 32
7. Leucodrepana, Himpsn. .. 333
1. ideeoides, Hmpsn. .... 333
2. nivea, Hmpsn. ...... 333
3. obliquilinea, Hmpsn... 333
Soe repanas7Sc/; me see 333
1. pallida, Moore ...... 334
2. hyalina, Moore ...... 394
3. rufofasciata, Hmpsn... 33
4, ochreipennis, Hmpsn. . 33
5. quinaria, Moore ...... 335
6. innotata, Hmpsn. .... 335
7. fasciata, Hmpsn. 335
8. specularia, Wk. 585
9. discispilaria, Moore .. 336
10. perhamata, Hmpsn. .. 336
11. muscularia, Wik. .... 336
12. violacea, Butl. ...... 336
13. lilacina, Moore ...... 336
14, orphnina, Hmpsn. .... 337
15. prunicolor, Moore .... 33
16. postica, Moore ...... 337
17. vinacea, Moore ...... 307
18. fenestraria, Moore .... 337
19. trilinearia, Moore .... 338
20. excisa, Hmpsn. ...... 338
21. argenteola, Moore .... 338
22. argentilinea, Wik. .... 839
. pulcherrima, Hmpsn...
24, duplex, Moore........ 539
25. specularis, Moore .... 340
26. flava, Moore ........ 340
27. albonotata, Moore.... 340
28. sadana, Moore ...... 341
29. xanthoptera, Hmpsn... 341
30. ferrea, Ampsn. ...... 341
3l. quadripunctata, Wik. . 341
32. vira, Moore ........ 342
33. fulva, Hmpsn. ...... 542
34. hyalinata, Moore .... 342
UE SUED, STS 5 es 090n506 342
1. luteola, Swinh. ...... 343
10, Thymistada, Wik. ...... 348
1. tripunctata, Wik. .... 348
1 eDeroca, \VUcae aaa 344
i hyalina Wileeememor 344
2. inconclusa, W1k. . 344
I2ePhalactaiiicomeerreee 345
1, vidhisara, Wik. ...... 345
2. excisa, Hmpsn. ...... 346
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
13. Drapetodes, Guen. ...... 346
Ll. mitaria, Guen. ...... 346
aS Cilux Leach priv 347
ielaucata Scop cle: 347
1, Ones WIE be ceo neccoar 347
lextensasmyi/ caer 348
2. sanguinea, Moore .... 348
3. violacea, Hmpsn. .... 349
Ae OEE, WU ooo 58e 349
5. obliquilinea, Hmpsn... 349
6. albipuncta, Hmpsn. .. 349
7. castanea, Hmpsn. .... 350
8. rotundapex, Hmpsn... 350
9. pavaca, Moore ...... 350
10. griseotincta, Hmpsn... 350
11. marginata, Moore .... 351
16. Camptochilus, Hmpsn. .. 351
1. reticulatum, Moore .. 351
Bam 8) TayRipIp a... 552
Adda Wika sections 353
1. trimeronalis, Wik..... 353
2. Striglina, Guen. ........ 353
I Scitariay Ucar oe 304
2. decussata, Moore . 354.
3. Dixoa, Hmpsn. .... 355
1. albatalis, Swink, .... 355
4, Rhodoneura, G'uen....... 355
1. obliqualis, Warr. .... 355
2. acaciusalis, Wlk, 356
3. multipunctata, Warr. . 356
4. reticularis, Moore .... 356
5. anticalis, Wik. ...... 357
6. neevina, Moore ...... 357
7. hypargyra, Hmpsn. .. 357
8. bastialis, Wik. ...... 357
9. myrsusalis, W7k. 307
10. myrtea, Drury ...... 358
11. semitesselalis, Wik. .. 358
12. loceusalis, Wik....... 358
83 vine IS0HE ooouo doe 359
14. pallida, Butl......... 359
15. glaphyralis, Hmpsn... 359
16. exusta, Butl; —...... 359
17. emblicalis, Moore .... 360
18. disparalis, Hmpsn. 360
19. atripunctalis, Wik. 360
20. bipuncta, Hmpsn. .... 360
Hale sphatoen's Jeb Go oea boo 361
22. fasciata, Moore ...... 361
25. cuprealis, Hmpsn..... 361
24, alternata, Moore 362
25. oligosticha, Hmpsn. .. 362
26. subcostalis, Himpsn. .. 362
Page
27. ferrofusa, Hmpsn..... 362
28. uniformis, Hmpsn. 362
29. micacealis, Wik. 362
30. striativena, Hmpsn. .. 363
31. splendida, Butl....... 363
32. bracteata, Hmpsn. 363
33. rufareta, Hmpsn. .... 363
34, hypoxantha, Hmpsn... 364
35. tristis, Hmpsn. ...... 364
36. munda, Warr........ 364
5. Hypolamprus, Hmpsn. .. 364
1. striatilis, Sewinh. . 369
2. obscuralis, Hmpsn. .. 865
3. lobulatus, Moore .... 365
4. atrostriatus, Hmpsn... 365
5. subrosealis, Leech .... 366
6. angulalis, Moore 366
7. trifascialis, Moore... . 366
6. Camadena, Moore ...... 366
1. vespertilionis, Moore. . 367
7. Herdonia, Wik. ........ 367
1. osacesalis, Wik....... 367
8. Dysodia, Clem. ........ 368
iiomitaniAlicre aera 368
DO) vpiatlnnebe, leno oA 6b 369
3. albifurca, Hmpsn..... 369
9 Glanycus Wik) Saas oe 369
Winsolituss WARS sec 369
2. tricolor, Moore ...... 370
10. Hyperthyris, Leech,..... 370
1; aperta, Leech ....:... 370
Fam. 19. LimacoDIpz 371
1. Scopelodes, Westw. .. 378
Ievenosaw W/i/chee re eiles 374
2. sericea, Butl, 0.5.5. 374
3. unicolor, Westw. .... 3875
4. contracta, Wlk....... 375
2. Hyphorma, Wik. ...... 375
isminax iceman er 375
3. Macroplectra, Hmpsn. .. 376
1. minutissima, Seinh... 376
4. Oxyplax, Hmpsn. ...... 376
1. ochracea, Moore 376
Da Susicam cw wan vere neon
Ips OCS VAIS 6 obo a6 os 377
Gy Rhoseat lie seen ie. 377
Ue Gui, WUE soooddooue 378
2. aperiens, Wik. ...... 378
3. tripartita, Moore .... 378
4, recta, Hmpsn. ...... 378
5. fasciata, Moore ...... 379
6. sinensis, Wik. ...... 379
7. unifascia, Wik. ...... 379
xx SYSTEMATIC INDEX,
Page | Page
8. cervina, Moore ...... 379 | 16. Triplophleps, Hmpsn. .. 592
Oy rarely Siti aels eres 380 | 1. inferma, Swinh...... . 393
10. cotesi, Swinh......... 380 | 17. Orthocraspeda, Hmpsn... 393
11. divergens, Moore .... 380 i ytrima cone eee 395
@. Natada, Wk. 32.0... « 380 | 18. Ceratonema, Hmpsn..... 393
1. rufescens, Wik. ...... 380 1. albifusum, Himpsn. .. 394
2. convergens, Wik. .... 381 2. retractatum, Wik. .... 394
3. conjuncta, Wik....... 381 3. fasciatum, Hmpsn. .. 394
4. cephica, Swink. ...... 381 | 19. Areogyia, Hmpsn....... 394
5. nararia, Moore ...... 381 1. spatulata, Hmpsn..... 895
6. sericea, Hmpsn....... 382 2. castanea, Hmpsn. .... 399
7. unicolor, Moore...... 382, | 20s Canta, Wik ene eae 395
8. ocellata, Moore...... 382 A Lolth, Ue 2 Sescco 395
9. velutina, Koll. ...... 382 2. bandura, Moore...... 396
8. Tetraphleps, Hmpsn..... 383 3. pulligonis, Swink. .... 596
1. brevilinea, Wik....... Soo) || iA thai ere enna 396
2. erispa, Swinh. ...... 383 1. castaneipars, Moore .. 596
3. nilgirica, Hmpsn. .... 383 Piney UE Gn 60608 397
9); Birthama, Wik. % 02.2. «. 584 3. lacteola, Swinh....... 397
I. janctura, Wik. ...... 384 4, adala, Moore ........ 397
2. obliquifascia, Hmpsn.. 384 5. rufotessellata, Moore.. 398
10. Contheyla, Wik......... 384 6. contaminata, Hmpsn. . 398
iRaviestitas H/Uicse yer 380) || 22- Narosa Uk ae t 398
2. propexa, Swinh....... 385 1. conspersa, Wik....... 398
5. melanosticta, Hmpsn. . 585 2.dcenia, Moore ...... 399
UTS GES SID, SG ona oon JOO” |h25. belippa Ue weenie 399
1. albipuncta, Herr.- 1. laleana, Moore ...... 399
SChOfice seer tiee 386 2. thoracica, Moore .... 400
Deinormata Lc caer 386 3. apicata, Moore ...... 400
3. argentifera, Wik. .... 386 A. lohor, Moore! eee nen. 400
4. bracteata, Butl....... 387 | 24. Nagoda, Moore ........ 400
5. decedens, Wik. ...... 387 1. nigricans, Moore .... 401
6. nivaha, Moore ...... 3887 | 25. Mahanta, Moore........ 401
DeParasa, Moores... | - 387 1. quadrilinea, Moore .. 401
Imlepidas Cram cen .r- 388
2. repanda, Wik, ...... 388 | Fam. 20. Lasrocampipm .. 402
3. dharma, Moore ...... 388
4, argentilinea, Hmpsn... 389 i Bhima, “oore: ae eee 404
5. hilaris, Westw. ...... 389 1. undulosa, Wik. ...... 404
6. pastoralis, Buti. .... 389 2. Taragama, Moore ...... 404
7. punica, Herr.-Schaff. . 389 1. dorsalis, Wik. ...... 405
Susimilisieheld wens. ue , 389 2: Siva, Def: eee eee 405
9. isabella, Moore ...... 390 32 SUane, Willow wecaetceee ae 406
HOF bicolorsWilk: see ee 390 J. concolor, Wik. <a. 406
11. viridis, Hmpsn....... 390 A. Meheda, Wilkie scene 407
12. albipuncta, Hmpsn. .. 390 1. nobilis; Wika ere 407
13. herbifera, Wik. ...... 390 5. Metanastria, Hiidn. .... 408
14, dentata, Hmpsn. .... 391 1. aconyta, Cram....... 408
13. Spatulifimbria, Hmpsn... 391 2.nanda, Moore........ 409
1. castaneiceps, Hmpsn. . 391 3. latipennis, Wlk....... 409
14. Idonauton, Swomnh....... 391 4, fulgens, Moore ...... 409
ilapicales Wiks). cee... 392 5. lidderdalii, Butl. .... 410
15. Chalcocelis, Hmpsn. .... 392 | G: amplay Wk hyena oe 410
1. fumifera, Swink. .... 392 | 7 undans; Wile. wie ne ts 410
8. hyrtacea, Cram....... 410
NI
10.
TOL,
18.
19.
2. bheroba, Moore
Syrastrena, Moore
. Bharetta, Moore
. Lenodora, Moore
ee vattataey Wl «+
Odonestis, Germar
90 VSD ST 09 BO
SYSTEMATIC INDEX,
9. repanda, Wik.
eeoeee
1OSxrectay Wier comets a
11. obliquifascia, Swinh.. .
. Arguda, Moore
1. flavovittata, Moore
3. rosea, Hmpsn.
C0 0080.5
4, vinata, Moore........
5. rectilinea, Hmpsn.....
6. decurtata, Moore ..
Io rann@ye, MWACTRO 5 noc aco6
1. cinnamomea, Moore ..
2. flammans, Hmpsn.
ChilenaWUicse uct iu
similis’ WUC sacs +:
2. strigula, Wiki. 5...
Clisiocampa, Steph.
1. indica, W/k.
Alompra, Moore........
1. ferruginea, Moore....
» ROSH, MHOORA. aan bba0u
1. sanguinea, Moore ..
2. modulata, Swink. ....
PLU PENUISIs ese of lees
4. flavosignata, Moore ..
SuUrichiuray Sceptre sre
1. khasiana, Moore
. Crinocraspeda, Hmpsn. .
1. torrida, Moore
Mulervoalaslicamipen. tase ones
IL, wlslaratny, JOG oS e co oes
2. irrorata, Moore......
2. signata, Moore
3. semihyalina, Swinh. ..
. Estigena, Moore
L. pardalis, Wik. ......
eee eee
castanea, Hmpsn. ....
signata, Moore ......
isocyma, Hmpsn. ....
, pyriformis, Moore... .
. plagifera, Wik. ......
. lineata, Moore
UO. 010 0)0+0
Gastropacha, Ochs.......
1. undulifera, Wik.
2. sinuata, Moore ......
3. divaricata, Moore ...,
Page
411
20. Stenophylloides, Hmpsn. .
IL,
sikkima, Moore
Fam.21. PTEROTHYSANIDA, ,
1. Pterothysanus, Wik.....
I
2.
5.
4,
laticilia Wis ers
NRE RUE, JENA 55 06 60
noblei, Swink. ......
[OUNE JEWHE a peddace
Fam. 22. LYMANTRIIDA....
1. Varmina, Moore
Il,
2. Lachana, Moore
I,
indica, Wik. ........
ee eos ee oe
ladacensis, Moore ...
a, Omen, CO sosccpases
I postica, Wik. 22.1)...
»
ae
3.
viridescens, Wik. ....
tunbata, Butlin de 4
A ATOR VU ae raise etec we
CO CONTI OD OTH CO bor
10.
11.
12.
15.
. maxima, Hmpsn. ....
. major, Hmpsn. ......
. plana, Wik.
. subnotata, Wik.......
. sienna, Hmpsn......
. simplex, Wik.
. cinnamomea, Moore ..
. socrus, G'eyer
. pyrrhochroma, Wk. . .
eo eee eee
ne eee eee
sagrara, Swinh. ......
atrella, Hmpsn.......
aurantifascia, Hmpsn. .
xerampelina, Swinh. .
Sm leelia Ww Stephane eee
le
suftusa, Wik.........
2. devestita, Wik. ......
CO CO NTO OVS C9
10.
1a
12.
6. Pantana, Wik.
ip
2.
Ory Co
. lilacina, Moore
ese eee
rubripennis, Moore
. umbrina, Moore
. cardinalis, Ampsn.
. exclamationis, Koll. ..
. testacea, Wik.
. litura, Wik.
eee eee
eee ee ewe
venosa, Moore ......
atestacea, Hmpsn.....
heterogyna, Hmpsn. ..
bicolorwiicaetas
AR DLN, JE M5 obo gow
. terminata, Wik... .. AU
. interjecta, Swinh. ....
. albifascia, Wik.......
445
445
XXll
ts Thiacidas Wiss... soe 445
lL postica Willen. -\.1 4c 445
Pa NA, [WU ob aedsadec 446
S72 Cifuna aie eee 446
1. locuples, Wik. ...... 446
2. cervina, Moore ...... 447
9. Dasychira, Steph. ...... 447
1. complicata, Wik. .... 447
2. lineata, Wik....-...- 448
3. horsfieldi, Saund. .... 448
4. thwaitesi, Moore .... 449
5. albescens, Moore 449
6. cinctata, Moore...... 449
7. strigata, Moore ...... 449
eh Wein Uren cooad Hon 450
9. perdix, Moore ...... 450
10. brunnescens, Moore .. 450
11. chloroptera, Hmpsn... 450
12. virescens, Moore 451
18. flavimacula, Moore .. 451
14, olearia, Swinh. ...... 451
15. bhana, Moore ....... 451
16. moerens, Feld. ...... 452
17. mendosa, Hiibn. 452
NS sanelusay Willen) ei 453
19. securis, Hubn. ...... 453
10) Mardara, Wik. .......- 454
1. plagidotata, Wik. .... 454
2. irrorata, Moore ...... 455
3. caligramma, Wik..... 455
4. albostriata, Hmpsn. .. 455
11. Numenes, Wik. ........ 455
leyetlet tt eico re eels 456
2. patrana, Moore ...... 456
WD Dida MW Ue. dairies ccc ee 457
deyapicalis; wha. rr 457
2. strigipennis, Moore .. 457
13. Daplasa, Moore ........ 458
1. variegata, Moore . 458
2. irrorata, Moore...... 458
14. Heracula, Moore ...... 458
1. discivitta, Moore .... 459
15. Lymantria, Hiibn. ...... 459
leancertaswlicy es wel o- 460
PaMp LA Ulcs Wale «i> ose 460
3. obfuscata, Wik....... 460
Avr hodinaiilicsie sete 461
5. obsoleta, Wik. ...... 461
6. ascetria, Hiibn. ...... 462
desconucolor, Wilkie asi: 462
8. similis, Moore ...... 462
9, todara, Moore ...... 463
10. beatrix, Stoll........ 463
11. grisea, Moore...... .. 464
12. mathura, Moore...... 464
16.
i
Gazalina ks panes
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
13. viola, Swinh........
14, grandis, Wik.........
15. rosea, Hmpsn.
16. lepcha, Moore
17. bivittata, Moore
18. semicincta, Wik. ....
iimenus;Wocres saeco
1. mundus, Wik. ......
2. albus, Moore........
Himala, Moore ........
1. argentea, Wik. ......
1. apsara, Moore ......
2. chrysolopha, Koll.....
3. transversa, Moore....
. Topomesa, Wik.........
1. subinanis, Wik. ......
. Dactylorhyncha, Hmpsn. .
1. pallida, Hmpsn.......
. Euproctis, Hiibn. ......
1. negrita, Hmpsn.
2. renominata, Hmpsn.. .
Sudivisa, Vliet ee
4, latifascia, Wik. ......
5. subfasciata, Wik. ....
6. bimaculata, Wik. ....
Ce itiinn ms VUE cb xo onc
8. semisignata, W7k.....
9. venosa, Moore
.thoda, Swink. ......
. Inconcisa, Wik. ......
. fulvipuncta, Hmpsn.. .
. postincisa, Moore ....
. semivitta, Moore ....
. bifascia, Hmpsn.
«Hayinatase Wiican ee
a) VaLIAN Se dics eee
. subfuscula, Hmpsn. ..
. cervina, Moore ......
. anguligera, Butl. ....
22. arenacea, Hmpsn.....
23. vitellina, Koll. ......
. digramma, Guér. ....
25. guttata, Wik.........
. fraterna, Moore......
. apicalis, Wik.........
. antiphates, Hmpsn. ..
eostalis /Uca ener
Lamnces YU scoodass
. plana, Wik.
. Icilia, Stoll
. plagiata, Wik. ......
. madana, Moore......
SVATIOSUIV Ucn aee ee on
2. sulphurescens, Moore .
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Xxiii
Page Pag
36. flavimaculata, Hmpsn. 480 | 27. Cispia, Wik. .......... 492
37. marginata, Moore.... 480 1. punctifascia, Wik..... 492
38. albopunctata, Hmpsn.. 481 2. venosa, Wik......-.. 492
39. albodentata, Moore .. 481 Gh lof, AMOR cocooeas 493
40. lativitta, Moore...... 481 4. puncticilia, Moore .... 498
41. variegata, Hmpsn..... 481 5. flavipes, Hmpsn. .... 498
42. nigripennis, Hmpsn... 481 | 28. Ratarda, Moore ........ 493
43. abjecta, Swink. ...... 482 1. marmorata, Moore .. 494
44. rana, Moore ........ 482
45. bipartita, Moore .... 482 | Fam. 23. Hypstipm ........ 495
46. sagroides, Hmpsn..... 482
47. uniformis, Moore .... 4838 | 1. Euplocia, Hiidn......... 495
48. luteifascia, Hmpsn. .. 483 1. membliaria, Cram. .. 496
49. scintillans, Wik. .... 483 2. Peridrome, Wik......... 496
50. basalis, Moore, ...... 483 1. orbicularis, Wik. .... 497
51. bipunctapex, Hmpsn.. 484 2. subfascia, Wlk..... 60 LR
52. atomaria, Wik....... ASAW Ts Sem lypsanEO7 sey yale 498
53. magna, Swink. ...... 484 1. marmorea, Wik. .... 498
22. Porthesia, Steph. ...... 484 2. butleri, Swink. ...... 499
1. xanthorrheea, Koll. .. 485 3. dominia, Cram....... 499
2. aurantiaca, Hmpsn. .. 485 4, monycha, Cram. .... 499
2435) Lets AIG ea ae bo 486 5. Clavata, Butl......... 500
IlaiwiGly, JHA ooee doer 486 6. canaraica, Moore .... 500
AL ii WE Boo ec autos 486 7. complana, Wik....... 500
24, Leucoma, Steph......... 487 8. tortuosa, Moore...... 501
1. comma, Hutton...... 487 9. heliconia, Zinn....... 501
2. submarginata, Wik. .. 487 10. subsimilis, Wik. .... 501
3. flavescens, Moore .... 488 Me esons 7c Wares qe 501
AGUAS WAU hace 355) eres 488 12. andamana, Moore ..,. 502
5. diaphana, Moore .... 488 18. concana, Moore...... 502
6. thyridophora, Hmpsn.. 488 14, javana, Cram. ...... 502
7. fenestrata, Hmpsn. .. 489 15. alciphron, Cram. ..., 502
8. subvitrea, Wik. ...... 489 16. sericea, Moore ...... 505
Dor CaviriapVVlles wot 3 5) 489 17. producta, Butl....... 508
Il, Gyan, OCHO. o's 60.066 489 LSManopss Wicca eyesore 503
oy Obie, VWs Gace oncas 490 19. privata, WIk......... 503
3. sericea, Moore ...... 490 PR TCU TIHIRSS bd bo 050 504.
4, ochripes, Moore...... 490 4, Digama, Moore ........ 504
5. rinaria, Moore ...... 490 1. burmana, Hmpsn..... 504
6. costalis, Moore ...... 491 2. hearseyana, Moore .. 505
26, Dendrophleps, Himpsn. .. 491 3. insulana, Feld. ...... 505
1. semihyalina, Hmpsn.. 491 A. fasciata, Buti. ...... 505
5. marchali, Guér....... 505
LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA.
Burrerriies and Morus, Lepidoptera, are for the most part easily
distinguishable from other msects by :—(1) the maxille being pro-
duced into a tubular proboscis, which, however, is entirely obsolete
in some groups, such as the Psychide, Hepialide, Phaudine,
Saturniide, and some Sesiide, Pyralide, &c.; (2) by the mandibles
being obsolete except in the low forms (Ahcropterygide) and a few
Tineide ; (3) by the broad, regularly veined wings, nearly always
covered with minute scales, which are modified hairs, all the grada-
tions between the extreme forms of hair and scale being often
found on the same insect ; the females, however, of Psychids and
some Lymantriide, Geometers, Tineas, &e. are wingless.
The Larve are cylindrical and worm-like, consisting of a head
with biting mandibles and eleven somites ; they have three pairs of
corneous, jointed, thoracic limbs, and from one to five pairs of
abdominal fleshy prolegs, the legs bemg but rarely absent, as in
most Psychide; most of the somites have paired, lateral, valved
stigmata, for conducting the air-supply to the tracheal system,
which ramifies throughout the body. The Larve, when full-fed,
turn to Pups, in which stage the head and thorax are soldered
together, as are also the appendages of the head and the limbs.
During this stage the whole of the tissues of the body undergo
degeneration into a liquid fatty substance, except the nerve-centres
and some bodies attached to them known as “imaginal disks,”
which are the rudiments of the future body, wings, and legs, and
which, by absorbing the products of the degenerated tissues, gradu-
ally grow and build up the perfect insect till ready to emerge from
the Pupa skin.
The Heterocera, or Moths, in their perfect stage, may be known
from the Rhopalocera, or Butterflies, by the latter having knobbed
or dilated antennee, which in all the families except Hesperiide have
an abruptly rounded extremity ; in most Hesperiidae the knob of the
antenna is produced into a hooked tip, gradually fining to a point,
and this form of antenna is found in some moths, such as the
Castniide and some Sesiide, but in these families the ‘“ frenulum ”
or hook for securing the hind wings to the catch or “ retinaculum ”
of the fore wing is always present. This is never developed in any
butterfly, whilst the families of moths that have the frenulum
absent, the Saturnude, Bombyade, Hepialide, Lusiocampide, some
Callidulide, &e., never have the antenne knobbed. Some other
families of moths, such as the Sphingide, and in a lesser degree the
Agaristide, have the antenne gradually thickened into a club; but
this is very different from the abrupt knob of butterflies, and in
these moths again the frenulum is always present.
The head of a Lepidopterous insect consists of three pieces—the
occiput or basal piece lying behind the ocelli, the epicranium
VOL. I. B
2 INTRODUCTION.
behind the antennze and bearing the eyes and ocelli, and the clypeus,
which constitutes the front of the head and is so distinctive of the
Lepidoptera by reason of its large size. The labrum is very minute
anti lilly
Fig. 1.—-Head of a Lepidopterous insect from above and from the side.
(From Packard’s Guide, p. 232.)
at. Antenne. ec. Epicranium.
e. Clypeus. oc. Occiput.
e. Hye. m. Mandibles.
?. Labrum. mx. Proboscis.
m.p. Maxillary palpi. lp, Labial palpi.
o. Ocellus.
and concealed by the clypeus ; the labium is small, short, and tri-
angular; and the mentum nearly obsolete, its place being supplied
by the maxille, which form a long grooved proboscis. In some
important papers by A. Walter*, it is shown that the maxillary
palpi, whilst obsolete in some species, are from 1- to 6-jointed in
those that possess them; Micropteryx has the largest number of
joints, 6; in the Tineas and Tortrices the number is very variable ;
in the Pyrales 4, in the Noctues generally 2, but sometimes 3;
in the Bombyces 1 or 2; in Rhopalocera, Sphingide, and most
Geometridae, 1.
Mandibles exist in Micropteryw and a few other Tineide ;
M. aruncella and anderschella have them toothed and capable of
gnawing, whilst in WM. purpurella and semipurpurella they are not
denticulated ; i these the maxille have two palps, whilst in the
higher Lepidoptera the inner palps are reduced. In the lower
forms of Micropteryx, which connect the Lepidoptera with the lower
Hymenoptera or Neuroptera, the free palps and typical ligula of the
lower insects are present, the ligula being formed by the fusion of
the inner palps into a short tubule open externally, a short hypo-
pharynx being present on the inner wall. In the higher Lep-
doptera the mandibles are rudimentary and consist of horny tubules ;
the labial palpi are generally well developed and consist usually of
three joints, their shape being of great use in generic distinction ;
they may, however, be reduced to two joints or to one, or be entirely
absent in the families in which the mouth-parts are obsolete.
a
* Jena. Zeit. Nat. xviii, pp. 121-173 (1884), and Jena. Ges. 1885, pp. 19-27.
INTRODUCTION. 3
The antenne are of very different forms, either (1) filiform,
(2) fusiform, or (3) dilate, and are rarely simple, but usually (1)
ciliate, (2) with paired bristles at each joint, (3) with both cilia
Fig. 2.—Antennze of moths.
and bristles, (4) fasciculate, (5) toothed, (6) lamellate, (7) serrate,
or (8) pectinate, with single or paired branches.
The thorax is small and consists of three pieces—the prothorax
bearing the fore legs, the mesothorax the mid legs and fore wings,
and metathorax the hind legs and hind wings.
The legs consist of (1) coxa, (2) trochanter, (3) femur, (4) tibia,
Fig. 3.—Legs of moths. (From Packard’s Guide, p. 231.)
1. Fore leg. 2. Mid leg. 3. Hind leg.
c. Coxa. wu. Ungues.
t. Trochanter. p. Pulvillus.
f. Femur. sp. 1. Single anterior spur.
t. Tibia. sp. 2. Paired medial spurs.
tar. Tarsus. sp. 3. Two pairs of posterior spurs.
B2
4 INTRODUCTION.
(5) the 5-jointed tarsus bearing a pair of ungues and the pulvillus.
The fore tibiae bear on their inner side a process which is usually
small, but large and arising from the femoro-tibial joint in many
Psychids and a few other forms. The mid tibie usually have a
terminal pair of spurs, the hind tibiz medial and terminal pairs,
the inner spur of each pair being often much longer than the outer
spur. The spurs are as a rule least developed in the higher groups
of moths, more developed in the lower Noctuide and Geometridae,
longer still in the Microlepidoptera (Tinwide, Pyralide, &c.), and
reaching the extreme of development in the Pterophorida. The
legs often bear tufts of scales or hairs, developed as scent or sensory
organs, and the hind legs are often extremely aborted and modified
as sensory organs, especially in the Hepialide and in the subfamily
Acidaliine of the Geometridae.
The wings consist of membrane more or less covered with scales
or hairs, which have their bases inserted in series of pits, and over-
lap one another like tiles. ‘The membrane is traversed by systems
40
12 as i ee 2S
; ee a ava
a,
—“G
5
TA ====---- 0,11
<3
b --
abel oe
ae ian C.WL eee
3B ---.-. pear Sn 0.8
- SS 0
hes
naan EL pt
mn u
~6
im-
4 o.m.
Sanaiee H : 3
iS ie =
Fig. 4.—A. Fore wing; B. Hind wing.
cm. Costal margin. c.n. Costalnervure, vein 12 of fore wing, 8 of hind wing,
o.m. Outer margin. s.2. Subcostal nervure.
¢.m. Inner margin. m.n. Median nervure.
a.a. Apex. 1 a,6,c. Three branches of internal nervure.
o.a. Outer angle. 2, 3,4. Three branches of median nervure.
c. Discoidal cell. 5. Lower radial.
d. Discocellulars. 6. Upper radial.
7,8, 9, 10, 11. Five subcostal branches of fore wing.
7. Subcostal nervure of hind wing.
of veins, which are tubular structures containing blood-vessels,
nerves, and trachee.
The fore wing typically has 12 veins—the internal nervure
with from one to three branches (1 a, 6, ¢), 1 a generally forming a
INTRODUCTION. 5
fork at the base of 16; the median nervure with its three branches
(2, 3, 4); the lower radial (5); the upper radial (6); the subcostal
with five branches (7, 8, 9, 10, 11); and the costal nervure (12) ;
but almost any of these may be absent.
The hind wing typically has eight veins, the difference from the
fore wing consisting in the absence of four of the subcostals ; but
vein 11 is probably represented by the bar between veins 7 and 8,
present in Sphingide, Eupterotide, Zygaenide, &e. Inthe Hepiahde
and Micropterygide, however, twelve veins are present asin the fore
wing. Besides the true veins, cross veins, or veinlets between the
costal nervure and costa, or between vein 1 6 and the inner margin
of the fore wing, may be present in lowly organized forms, or even in
higher ones. The present form of neuration arose from a system
of simple longitudinal veins, which by the union of their basal
portions formed the present branching system; thus the disco-
cellulars which close the cell of each wing were formed by the
junction of the basal portion of two veins, the basal stem being
then aborted, leaving only an outwardly directed fork of which the
radials are the extremities ; in the cases where the radials are said
to arise from the discocellulars, and not from the angles of the
eee <2
Fig. 5.
A. Fore wing of Cossid (slightly diagrammatic).
cm. Veinlet in cell, the fork of which forms the discocellulars d.
s.n. Stalk of veins 9,10; 10 anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form the areole.
B. Hind wing of Hepialid (slightly diagrammatic).
7, a, 6, c,d. Five subcostal nervules.
cell, the basal portions of one or two other longitudinal veins have
also been aborted: the whole process in its various stages is seen
to perfection in such lowly forms as many Cossids, Psychids,
6 INTRODUCTION.
Zygenids, &e. Thus the neuration of the extinct ancestor of the
Lepidoptera consisted of at least fifteen simple longitudinal veins to
each wing, and probably more, as in many groups vein 1 6 of the
hind wing is forked at the base.
The fore and hind wings of the majority of families of moths
are united by a “ frenulum ” arising from the base of the costa of
the hind wing and fitting into a “retinaculum” on the fore wing,
Fig. 6.
1. g; 2. 9.—A. Fore wing; B. Hind wing.
f. Frenulum. sm. Subcostal nervure.
r. Retinaculum. m.n. Median nervure.
e.n. Costal nervure. a.m. Internal nervure.
which consists of a fold from the underside of the costa, a hook
or tuft of hair arising from the lower side of the costal nervure, or
a tuft of hair arising from the upper side of the median nervure
or rarely from the wing-membrane below it. The form of the
frenulum is of great use in determining sex, as in the males of all
the forms that possess it it consists of hairs firmly soldered
together so as to form a single bristle, whilst in nearly all females
it consists of three or more bristles which are shorter than that of
the male; in one female Cossid I have found as many as nine. Also
in the large majority of moths the retinaculum descends from the
costal nervure in the male, whilst in the female it ascends from the
median nervure.
The abdomen consists of eight or nine segments, the number
varying in closely allied genera, so that the genital and anal open-
ings lie usually behind the eighth but sometimes behind the ninth
segment. The genital armour in the female is very simple, con-
sisting of two valve-like pieces, whilst in the male it is much more
complicated, forming long curved hooks for clasping the abdomen
of the female; these are said to be of great use for specific and
but little for generic distinction, but the day is far distant when
they will have been sufficiently studied to be made use of.
The tendency in Lepidoptera, as in other groups, is for forms
from the N.W. Himalayas to be large and pale, from the E. Hima-
layas and Burma to be large and dark, from the arid parts of
Continental India to be small and pale, from the moist forests of
S. India and Ceylon small and dark. Such geographical forms
INTRODUCTION. oi
have in many cases deservedly received names; they will, however,
be treated as cf subspecifie value only, partly as giving a truer
idea of their real value, and partly because the evidence is so often
insufficient to show whether the forms are varieties or geographical
raves, points which must be left to local workers to elucidate.
The range in space given for many of the species will necessarily
be found very imperfect ; all the large collections in England have,
however, been consulted, to make them as correct as possible, and
all recorded localities are quoted except a few given by the older
authors which are certainly wrong, those that are considered
doubtful being indicated by a?
Transverse markings are described as bands and lines; and
longitudinal as fasciz and streaks.
Species of which specimens were not available, and of which
the descriptions are taken from those in print, are indicated
ly A
When the sex is not specified the descriptions, measurements,
&ec. apply to both sexes.
The following references are given: one to the original descrip-
tion, one to each synonym, one to the best coloured figure, one to
a description or figure of the larva, and one to Cotes and Swinhoe’s
‘Catalogue of the Moths of India,’ which must be consulted if
fuller references are wanted.
Microscopic slides have been prepared of several genera in each
family, and the structural details are all taken from drawings
made by the author, elaborated and worked up by the artist.
Secondary and sexual characters are treated as of subgeneric value —
tufts of scales on the legs, modified patches on the wings, fans
of scent-hairs, and such-like, besides being eminently variable, are
often present or absent in very closely allied species. The most
valuable of these characters is the development of pectinations,
serrations, cilia, &c. on the male antenne; but if these are used
for generic distinction, we have the inconvenience of not knowing
to what genus a species belongs till we have the male.
The development of secondary sexual characters sometimes dis-
torts the form to such an extent that the generic and even family
characters are entirely obliterated, as in the males of Patula and
Argiva, and the female is then the sex that is of greatest value in
showing affinity. The contrary often occurs, as in the wingless
females of Solenobia, Psychide, Heterogynide, and some Lyman-
trude and Geometridae, these being cases of degradation sometimes
in connection with a parthenogenetic mode of reproduction.
Starting from~Micropteryw with its biting mouth-parts as the
nearest ally to the theoretical ancestor («) of the Lepidoptera, we
may construct some such genetic tree as follows :—
Lymantriide. Limacodide, Endromiide.
PS ee
Hypside. Lasiocampide.
Noctuide Quadrifide. ag
Pterothysanide. Arctiide. x
Hypenine. oe
Lithosiine. WA
Gallidulidss Syntomide. Castniidee.
Myeteoline: Zygenide. i Chalcosiine.
ae Drepanulide. ite es Phaudine.
Alucitide. be
| Noline. Z
Pterophoride. Thyridide.
Arbelide.
|
\ Tortricine. Cosside. Heterogynide.
| Stent (Alavona.) Psychide.
Pyralide., Tinegeriide,
INTRODUCTION.
Epicopiide.
Saturniide. Uraniide.
Ceratocampide. Geometride, Epiplemide,
Iw pee
Brahmeide. Bombycide.
Eupterotide. Sphingide.
Notodontide.
(Cyphanta.)
Cymatophoride.
ss
Agaristide.
Noctuide Trifide.
a
fi as lo is (Solenobia.)
- Hepialide,
ee / |
Micropterygide.
bo
INTRODUCTION. 9
Key to the Families of Moths.
J. Antennz knobbed or dilated; frenulum
Fc ILS aan Er momon moe ce cac cockene dee RHOPALOCERA.
II. Antenne rarely knobbed ; frenulum gene- (BUTTERFLIES. )
rally present, and always in the forms
that have knobbed antenne............ HETEROCERA.
A. Fore wing with vein 5 from the centre (Morus.)
of discocellulars, or nearer 6 than 4,
a. Frenulum rudimentary. ...........% 27, Expicopiide.
6. Frenulum absent.
a’, Proboscis present ; legs with spurs.
a’, Hind wing with vein 8 remote
from 7.
a®, Fore wing with veins 6 and 7
Stalked ee Recess Wiese cece 28. Uraniide.
b®. Fore wing with veins 6 and 7
motistalled ware cre tater * Ceratocampide.
6°, Hind wing with vein 8 nearly
touching 7 after end of cell.... 2. Brahmeide.
b'. Proboscis absent; legs without
spurs.
a>. Hind wing with one internal
NCTM rene oo. Nsicroiteo Gol thacn 6B la.A 1. Saturniidz.
6*. Hind wing with two or three
anitermaluveinseprtscetee vetoes 3. Bombycide.
ec, Frenulum present.
a’. Antennee fusiform ............- . O, Sphingide.
b’. Antennee filiform.
a7, Proboscis absentia acs emcee a . 4. Eupterotidee.
b°. Proboscis present.
a°®, Hind wing with vein 8 curved
and almost touching 7 after
end of cell; vein la reaching
enn nas ca ouebeenoecouot 7. Cymatophoride.
b*, Hind wing with vein 8 remote
from 7 after end of cell.
a’, Tarsi short as tibie and
hairy: stoutly built moths. 6, Notodontide +.
b*. Tarsi long and naked: slightly
built moths.
a’, Fore wing with vein 7
remote from 8, and gene-
rally stalked with 6 .... 29. Epiplemidz.
6°. Fore wing with vein 7
given off from 8; hind
wing with vein la short
(Oly BNSC ARC or oououbOU 30, Geometride {.
* Not known to occur in India.
t The genus Cyphanta has vein 5 of the fore wing from lower angle of cell,
and may be a connecting link with the Noctuide.
t Three genera of Geometride which do not occur in India have vein 8 of
the hind wing curved, and nearly touching 7 after end of cell, but are easily
distinguished from the Cymatophoride by the shortness of veinl a. In two
or three ancestral or distorted genera vein 7 of the fore wing is stalked with 6 ;
and in several genera the frenulum is absent.
10 INTRODUCTION.
B. Fore wing with vein 5 from lower angle
of cell or nearer 4 than 6.
a. Hind wing with more than 8 veins.
a’, Proboscis absent; no mandibles nor
liguilay GNA a 2c cee eee rae 15. Hepialide.
6’. Mandibles, free ay and ligula
JORESANE) Gosogodcenodssu co ous: * Micropterygide.
b. Hind wing with not more than 8 veins.
a’, Hind wing with vein 8 remote from
7 after origin of veins 6 and 7
a’. Frenulum absent.
a°®, Hind wing with one internal
vein; vein 8 with a precostal
GWU nc dao cocnuume sp Sooo. CD 21, Pterothysanide.
6*, Hind wing with two internal
veins,
a‘, Hind wing with a bar be-
tween veins 7 and 8 near the
base; vein 1 a to middle of
ANMEL) MATSUI yey we letsiele tele * Endromiide.
6*, Hind wing with no bar be-
tween veins 7 and 8; vein
lato analangle.......... 20, Lasiocampide.
e*, Hind wing with three internal
Veins! {cc Wee Rae hae 14. Arbelide.
*. Frenulum present.
a®, Hind wing with vein8 aborted. 10. Syntomide.
6°, Hind wing with vein 8 present.
a*, Antenne knobbed ........ * Castniide.
6*. Antennee. filiform, or rarely
dilated.
a’, Fore wing with vein le
present.
a°®, Hind wing with vein 8
free from the base or
connected with 7 by a
bar.
a". Proboscis present .. ll. Zygeenide f.
6". Proboscis absent.
a®, Palpi rarely absent ;
© winged; larvee
wood-borers .... 13. Cosside.
b°. Palpi absent; 9 ap-
terous.
a, 9 rarely with
lees; Q and
larvee case-
dwellers ...... 12. Psychide.
6°. Q and larve free. * Heterogynide.
b°. Hind wing with vein 8
anastomosing — shortly
PLC oc os eons ake le ppeneie 19. Limacodide.
* Not known to occur in India.
t In the degraded subfamily Phaudine the mouth-parts are absent, and in
Himantopterus there is no frenulum ; in Anomeotes vein 1 ¢ of the fore wing is
absent.
INTRODUCTION.
6°. Fore wing with vein 1 ¢
absent.
a’, Hind wing with vein 8
rising, out of 7). + ...2::
6°. Hind wing with vein 8
connected with 7 by a
bar, or touching it near
middle of cell.
a’, Palpi with the third
joint naked and
reaching far above
vertex of head ; pro-
boscis present......
6’. Palpi not reaching
above vertex of head ;
proboscis absent or
very minute ......
ce’, Hind wing with vein 8
anastomosing — shortly
with 7 near the base;
proboscis well deve-
loped.
a". Antennee more or less
6’. Antenne filiform....
b'. Hind wing with vem 8 curved and
nearly or quite touching vein 7, or
anastomosing with it after origin
of veins 6 and 7.
a’, Hind wing with vein 1 c absent.
a>, Hind-wing vein 8 with a pre-
COSMET Boo H oo boo One 9
b®, Hind-wing vein 8 with no pre-
costal spur.
Hind wing with vein la
absent or very short ......
b*. Hind wing with vein la
almost or quite reaching
analkanslemearor reir:
6°, Hind wing with vein 1c present.
C. Fore wing with veins 4 to 11 arising
from the cell at almost even distances
apart.
a. Wings not divided into plumes.
a’, Hind wing with vein 8 coincident
TVA eens Samant cus a fe sce shee ote ar
a’,
24.
23.
25.
26.
16.
Ie
18.
3l.
iil
Arctiide *.
Hypside.
. Lymantriidz +.
Agaristide.
Noctuide {.
Callidulide.
Drepanulidz.
Thyridide.
Pyralide §.
. Sesiidze.
* In a few Arctiine vein 8 of the hind wing is constructed as in Noctuide,
but they can be discriminated by the bar form of the retinaculum in J ; for
Lithosiine, Nycteoline, and Noline, see notes to the subfamilies.
t In the ancestral genus Ratarda the frenulum is absent.
t A few genera of Noctuide have the proboscis aborted.
§ In a few lowly Pyralide the veins of the fore wing are given off at even
distances from the cell, but they can be discriminated by the structure of vein
8 of the hind wings.
12 SATURNIID ®.
b'. Hind wing with vein 8 free.
a’, Fore wing with vein | 4 simple or
with a very minute fork at base 9. Tinzegeriidee.
6°, Fore-wing vein 1 a@ forming a
large fork with ldat base .... 32. Tineide.
b. Wings divided into plumes.
a', Fore wing divided into at most two ;
hind wing into three plumes .... 33. Pterophoride.
b'. Fore wing and hind wing each
divided into three plumes........ 34, Alucitide.
Family SATURNIID:.
Large crepuscular-flying moths. Proboscis absent; palpi
minute. Antenne bipectinated in both sexes, the branches long
in 3, longest at middle and diminishing to base and apex. Legs
short, hairy, and without spurs. Fore wing with vein 16 forked
at base; l¢ absent; the discocellulars (when present) emitted
from vein 5, which is stalked with 6; veins 10 and 11 absent.
Hind wing without a frenulum; a precostal vein slightly deve-
loped; the discocellulars emitted from vein 5, which is stalked
with 6; one internal vein.
Larve smooth, with spiniferous tubercles, dorsal humps, long
fleshy spinous processes, or small warts; and forming cocoons,
those produced by several of the species giving the Tussur silks of
commerce.
Fig. 7.—Larva of Antherea paphia. +. (From Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 125, fig. 1 0.)
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with anal angle produced into a
long SOP aR. aA MAREN N 1. Actas, p. 13,
b. Hind wing with anal angle not “produced into
a tail.
a'. The cell of both wings open ........ Sie. PATRACUS, palo:
b'. we cell of both wings closed.
. Veins 5 and 6 of both wings given off far
from base.
ACTIAS. 13
a’. Fore wing with costa incurved near
base, excurved towards apex; the
the outer margin highly excised
b°. Fore wing with the costa evenly
curved ; outer margin less excised.
a‘, Fore wing with apex rounded.
co
. ANTHERZA, p. 18.
(is AN jes HINETL Bolo 6 so ho bidoo bow 4, SATURNIA, p. 21.
(Po MUIDke Ay Saolaooosopoenoos 5. LoEpa, p. 25.
b*, Fore wing with apex acute ...... 6. SALASSA, p. 26.
6*, Veins 5 and 6 of both wings given off
much nearer the base :............. 7. CRICULA, p. 28.
Genus ACTIAS.
Actias, Leach, Zool. Mise. ii, p. 25 (1815).
Tropa, Hiibn. Verz. p. 152 (1818).
Plectropteron, Hutton, Trans. Ent. Soc. v, p. 45 (1847).
Argema, Wallengr. Ofv. Kongl. Vet.-Ak. 1858, p. 140.
Type, A. luna, Linn., from N. America.
Range. N. America; Natal; Japan; China; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans.
Fore wing with the apex produced and acute. Hind wing with
the anal angle produced into a long tail, veins 2, 3, 4 being curved
and running to the tip of the tail.
1. Actias selene, Hiibn. Sammi. exot. Schmett. i. pl. 172, fig. 3;
C. § S. no. 1534; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 126, figs. 1, 1 @ (larva).
Plectropteron diane, Hutt. A. M. N. H. xvii, 1846, p. 60.
Fig. 8.—Actias selene, S. i.
g- Head, thorax, and abdomen white; palpi pink, prothorax
14 SATURNIID®.
with a dark pink band; legs pink. Fore wing very pale green,
white at base ; a dark pink costal fascia, darkest along subcostal
nervure ; an outwardly-oblique pale yellow antemedial line ; two
inwardly-oblique slightly curved submarginal lines; a pale yellow
marginal band; a dark red-brown lunule at end of cell, with a
grey line on it, bounding inwardly a round ochreous spot with
pinkish centre. Hind wing similar to the fore wing ; the central
portion of the tail pinkish.
Q. The outer margin less excised and waved ; the yellow mark-
ings less developed ; the antemedial line of fore wing nearer the
base, and that on hind wing absent ; the tail less pink.
Larva apple-green; paired dorsal and lateral yellow spinous
tubercles on each somite except the last; dorsal yellow hairs ;
lateral and ventral black hairs ; the pad to anal claspers rufous.
Cocoon pale brown and oval.
Hab, China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Eup., ¢
132-166, 2 140-182 millim.
2. Actias menas, Doubl. A. M. N. H. xix, 1847, p. 95, pl. 7, fig. 1;
C. &§ S. no, 1533.
Saturnia leto, Doubl. Proc. Ent. Soc. 1847, p. li, pl. 15; CG S.
no. 1582.
3. Differs from selene in being pale yellow; the collar pink ;
the thorax and abdomen blotched with pink above. Fore wing
pink at base ; a broad pinkish antemedial band with waved edges
enclosing a yellow spot below the subcostal nervure ; the lunule
and ochreous mark in the form of a crescent from the costal band
to the lower angle of cell, the lunule being reversed and pointing
inwards; two waved pinkish postmedial diffused lines, the outer
line double, with a costal streak from it to the apex; the lower
half of the outer area pinkish: no marginal pink line. Hind wing
with the antemedial band narrower than on fore wing; a waved
postmedial line; the tail longer, broader, and all pink except the
spatulate end.
@. Without the pink blotches on thorax and abdomen ; wings
without the broad pink markings; fore wing with a nearly erect
antemedial line; a waved postmedial line which may be obsole-
scent; both wings with a marginal pink line; tail broad and only
pink at middle.
Hab. Sikhim ; Bhutan; Khasi Hills; Sibsagar; Burma. LZzp.,
6 158, 9 172 millim.
3. Actias ignescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 602; C.§ S. no. 1531.
3. Differs from menas in the basal pink patch of the fore wing
joining the postmedial band, the pink covering the whole of the
fore wing except a patch near the base, one before the lunule, one
on the costa above it, one below the apex, and a spot between
veins 2 and 3. Hind wing with the pinkish subbasal band broader
ACTIAS.—ATTACUS. 15
than in menas, with its outer edge more irregular ; the whole tail
pinkish, except the tip.
Hab. Andamans. wp. 164 millim.
Genus ATTACUS.
Attacus, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, pt. 2, p. 808 (1766).
Type, A. atlas, Linn.
Range. Mexico; S. America; Africa; Japan ; China; throughout
India, Ceylon, and Burma; Malacca; Java.
Fore wing with the apex produced and rounded; the outer
margin excised. Hind wing rounded. Cell of both wings open.
4. Attacus atlas, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, pt. 2, p. 808; C. § S. no. 1535;
Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pl. 381, fig. C; Moore, Cat. E. I. C. pl. xx,
figs. 2,2 a (larva).
Saturnia silhetica, Helfer, J..A. 8. B. vi, p. 41; C. § S. no. 1542.
Attacus taprobanis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 124, pl. 127, figs. 1, la;
C. & S. no. 1548.
Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; the basal segment and
abdomen pale, and each segment with a pale fringe; legs brown.
Fore wing with the costa brown; the basal area brown and red-
brown edged by red, pale, and black lines, curved from the costa
Fig. 9.—Attacus atlas, S. 4.
to vein 2, then oblique to near base of inner margin; medial area
red-brown ; a large triangular hyaline spot at end of cell witha
black edge ; one or two hyaline streaks above it touching the post-
medial line, which is black, pale, and red, and curved inwards from
the subcostal to vein 2, then outwards to inner margin; outer
16 SATURNIID ©.
area shading from pink through purplish fuscous to tawny brown ;
apical area yellow shading to pink ; the membrane below the costa
crimped and suffused outwardly with blue-grey and ending in a
black spot; a dark red streak below vein 8; a yellow-brown
marginal band with a highly waved black line on it. Hind wing
similar to fore wing; the antemedial line nearly straight; no
streak above the hyaline triangular mark; the postmedial line
angled towards inner margin but not curved: apical area not
variegated ; a series of black spots within the black submarginal
line which is less waved.
Some specimens are considerably darker than others; the form
taprobanis from Ceylon has the hyaline spots small and narrow ;
the hyaline streak of the fore wing absent.
Larva pale green with brownish speckles; Ist, 2nd, and 3rd
somites with dorsal prominences; 4th to 11th somites with
long fleshy dorsal and subdorsal blue-green spines projecting back-
wards; a series of lateral blue-black spines on 1st to 5th somites ;
a similar subdorsal series from Ist to 11th somites, both these
series projecting forwards ; an oval red ring on anal somite above
the claspers.
Cocoon pale greyish brown and pyriform.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java. Ep, 3
224, 2 250 millim.
5. Attacus edwardsi, White, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 115, pl. 57; C§ S.
no. 1538.
Differs from atlas in the legs being fringed with white; the
thorax and abdomen darker ; the first segment of abdomen white ;
paired dorsal white segmental streaks from the third segment to
extremity, which is white; two lateral and two ventral white
lines. Fore wing much darker, the antemedial line inwardly
black, outwardly white; the triangular hyaline spot edged
with yellow-brown, and not touching the postmedial line; no
hyaline streak ; the postmedial line white and broader; the sub-
apical streak black and short; a prominent waved white line
between it and the black spot at end of the crimped membrane ;
the marginal band yellow within the waved black line, which is
broader. Hind wing with similar differences from atlas; the
black spots on the marginal band much larger.
Hab. Sikhim; Shillong. Hap. 250 millim.
6. Attacus cynthia, Drury, Exot. Ins. ii, pl. 6, fig. 2; C. & S.
no. 1587; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. 20, figs. 3, 3a.
Attacus vesta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 525; C. § S. no, 1544.
Atiacus canningii, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 525; C. § S. no. 1536.
Attacus walkeri, Feld. Wien. ent. Mon. vi, p. 34.
Attacus pryeri, Butl. Ill. Het. iii, p. 11, pl. 45, fig. 5.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown ; collar and metathorax
fringed with white; abdomen with the Ist segment white; a
ATTACUS. | 7
dorsal white line with, segmental white tufts on each side of it; a
series of lateral white tufts; paired sublateral and ventral white
lines. Wings pale yellowish brown. Fore wing with a white
antemedial line, outwardly oblique from. the costa to vein 2, then
bent back to the base of inner margin; a narrow hyaline Iunule
on the discocellulars, inwardly edged with fuscous, outwardly with
yellow; a postmedial fuscous, white, pink, and pinkish-white
band, generally curved and angled at the lunule, sometimes nearly
straight ; outer area irrorated with fuscous; apical area suffused
with pink; a white and dark ocellated mark near the margin
between veins 7 and 8, with a waved white line from it to the
costa; outer margin pale brown; a dark submarginal line den-
tated between veins 6 and 7. Hind wing similar, the antemedial
line oblique and not angled; some fuscous streaks on the marginal
band inside the line.
Typical cynthia from Java is the palest form, with the pinkish-
white suffusion beyond the postmedial band of both wings,
which is nearly straight, diffused along the veins; walkeri=can-
ningii=vesta from China and India is darker fulvous, with the
postmedial band curved and the suffusion beyond more restricted ;
while pryert from Japan is again considerably darker. This is the
*¢ Arrundi” or “ Eria” Moth of silk-culture.
Larva pale green or whitish, with one dorsal and two lateral
pairs of darker spines.
Cocoon pale brown.
Hab. Japan; China; Himalayas; Assam; Cachar; Java; and
? Nilgiris.. Hup., § 136, 2 144 millim.
7. Attacus ricini, Boisd. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1854, p. 755; C. 5S.
no. 1541; Moore, Wardle’s Wild Silks, pl, 8, figs. 1, 2.
Attacus lunula, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1221.
Attacus guerini, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 269; C. § S. no. 1539.
Attacus obscurus, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1879, p.5; C. § S.no. 1540.
Saturnia iole, Westw. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 144; C. § S. no. 1548.
Differs from cynthia in the abdomen having segmental bands of
white hair above instead of tufts; the colour usually darker.
Fore wing with the antemedial line more angled and generally
joining the postmedial band ; the lunule much shorter; the post-
medial band of both wings with fuscous replacing the pink.
The palest form is ricini; obscurus from Cachar is a large dark
form; guerint a small dark form ; tole a sport with the markings
faded, the postmedial band of both wings whitish, broad, and
diffused.
Hab. China; Sikhim ; Assam; ?Ceylon Zwxp., ¢ 100-108, @
116 millim.
MOLL. C
18 SATURNIID &,
Genus ANTHERZA,
Anthereea, Hiibn, Verz. p. 152 (1818),
Type, A. paphia, Linn,
Range. Africa; Japan; China; Philippines; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Java.
Fore wing with the costa incurved near base, excurved towards
apex, which is rounded ; outer margin highly excised, Hind wing
rounded ; cell of both wings closed.
8. Antherza roylei, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 256, pl. 64, fig. 1;
C. & S. no, 1567,
6. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown: collar,
prothorax, and basal half of costa of fore wing pinkish brown, pow-
dered with grey. Fore wing pale greenish brown; a pale and red
subbasal line from median neryure to inner margin; a similar line
across the middle of cell; an almost obsolete postmedial line, on
which is placed a round hyaline spot on the discocellulars sur-
rounded by an ocellus, which is greenish with a white and pink
lunule on the inner side, and a yellow and black lunule on the
outer; a pink and pale submarginal line expanding into a grey
patch at apex; a slight yellow marginal line. Hind wing similar
to the fore wing, except that there is a single antemedial angulated
line ; the submarginal line further from the base, and not reaching
the costa.
2 usually with a more ochreous tinge.
Larva: head pinkish brown with dark dots; somites bright
apple-green ; Ist somite with a blue lateral spot; 2nd to 11th
with paired dorsal humps crowned with spinous tubercles; 2nd
and 3rd somites with the apical tubercle greenish yellow and three
lateral blue spots; a lateral yellow band from 4th somite expand-
ing on anal somite ; 4th and 5th somites with the apical tubercle
silver, and a silver spot on band; 6th to 10th somites with the
apical tubercles blue; 6th and 7th with a silver spot on band;
8th, 9th, and 10th with a blue spot on band, Food-plant
‘¢ Muhowah,” “oak,” and ‘“ birch.”
Cocoon double-walled and thin.
Hab. Mussoorie; Sikhim; Kangra; Khasi Hills. Zvp., g 124-
160, 2 190 millim,
9. Antherea paphia, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 809.
Antherza mylitta, Drury, Evot. Ins. ii, pl. 5, fig. 1; C §& S.
no. 1564.
Antherea sivalica, Moore, Wardlées Wild Silks, p. 7; C. § S. no. 1557,
Antherza cingalesa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 122, pl. 125, figs. 1,
la, 6 (larva); C. §& S. no, 1560.
Artherwa nebulosa, Hutton, Moore, Wardle’s Wild Silks, p. 5.
Antherza fraterna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 402; C. & S. no. 1560 4,
Anthera pulchra, fasciata, olivescens, ochripicta, and versicolor,
Moore, A. M. N. H. (6) ix, pp. 448-450,
ANTHER A, 19
$. Differs from roylet in the colour being reddish or yellowish ;
the costal brown and grey fascia of fore wing reaching the apex ;
the hyaline and ocellated spots much larger, the inner lunule and
Fig. 10.—Antherea paphia, 3. 3.
‘postmedial line bright pink ; the submarginal line of the hind wing
much nearer the margin ; no marginal yellow line.
2. Hither pinkish brown or bright yellowish fawn; the hyaline
and ocellated spots usually larger than in the male.
The form mylitta is the most yellow ; paphia is pale brownish
yellow ; nebulosu greenish brown, clouded with fuscous as far as
the postmedial line; while cingalesa, from Ceylon, is a dark
brownish-yellow form.
This is the ‘*Tussur Moth ” of the silk-industry.
Larva green, with paired dorsal series of yellow humps; lateral
purple-bordered white lunulate spots on 5th and 6th somites; a
lateral yellow line from 7th somite ending in a dilated brown band
on anal somite ; spiracles yellow.
Cocoon brownish grey, hard, oval, and attached by a silken
peduncle.
Hab. China; throughout India and Ceylon. Lxp., 5 140-174,
® 150-190 millim.
10. Antherza knyvetti, n. sp.
Reddish or olive yellow in colour, as in paphia; the costal
fascia of fore wing only extending along two-thirds of the costa ;
the ocelli small, each hyaline spot usually with a dark lunule on its
inner edge; the marginal line yellow; the submarginal line of
hind wing further from the margin, as in roylec.
Differs from roylei in its reddish-yellow colour, in the ante-
medial line of the hind wing beimg generally further from the
base and touching the ocellus.
Larva differs from roylei in having sepia streaks on the head ;
two silver spots only on the lateral band on 4th and 5th somites ;
c2
20 SATURNIID ©.
the apical tubercles on 2nd and 3rd somites blue instead of green.
Food-plant “ wild cherry ” and “ birch.”
Cocoon small, hard, dark, and pedunculated. :
Hab. Sikhim (Anyvett). Hwvp. 156 millim. Types in colls.
Knyvett and Elwes.
11. Antherea helferi, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 257, pl. 64, fig. 2;
C. & 8. no. 1562.
S$. Differs from knyvetti in there being a black blotch on the
upperside of the ocellus of the hind wing, continued as a line
round the outer edge; a conspicuous waved dark postmedial line
which is curved inwards round the ocellus, and joins the ante-
medial line below the costa; the hyaline centres of the ocelli are
almost or quite absent on both wings; the colour varies from
pinkish to ochreous. Underside with the antemedial line straight.
2. Yellowish, with the postmedial line of the hind wing but
slightly waved.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp. 150 millim.
12. Antherwa assama, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 41, pl. 20, fig. 2;
C.& S. no. 1559.
? Saturnia perotteti, Guér. Mag. Zool. 1843, pl). 123; C. § S. no. 1566.
Antherzea mesankooria, Moore, Wardle’s Wild Silks, p. 5; C.& S.
no. 1563.
3. Differs from helferi in the colour being ochreous brown to
dark chestnut-brown ; the ocellus of the fore wing entirely yellow-
brown. Hind wing, with the inner part of the ocellus dark, the
outer part yellow-brown; the postmedial line not waved nor so
much curved, nor joining the antemedial line.
2. The submarginal line of both wings grey.
This is the ‘‘ Muga” of silk-culture.
Larva bright yellow or dark green, with a brown and yellow
streak at the sides; the spiracles black; dorsal spinous tubercles
red; head and legs brown; claspers green, the anal pair with a
black lateral ring.
The form peretteti, from Pondicherry, as figured by Guérin,
differs in having the two submarginal lines of each wing waved.
Cocoon brown and non-pedunculate.
flab. Himalayas from Kangra to Assam, Pondicherry. vp.
150-170 millim.
13, Antherea andamana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 602; (1 & S.
no. 1558.
2. Colour as in roylei. Fore wing with the dark postmedial
line prominent ; the submarginal line dark, with a waved line
ANTHER ©A,—SATURNIA. PL
before it. Hind wing with three waved lines, one at the ocellus,
two postmedial.
Hab. Andamans. Exp. 186 millim.
14, Antherea frithi, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 256, pl. 65, fig. 1;
C.§ S. no. 1561.
3. Differs from all the preceding species in being brown or
pink suffused with yellow; a yellow patch in cell of fore wing, and
a larger patch on costa before apex; two postmedial highly
lunulate lines; the ocelli as in paphia. Underside with the
antemedial line waved.
©. Brownish.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan. ELvp., ¢ 134-150, 2 170 millim.
Genus SATURNIA.
Saturnia, Schrank, Faun. Boica, ii, pt. 2, p. 149 (1802).
Pavonia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 157 (1818).
Rinaca, W1k. Cat. vi, p. 1274 (1855).
Caligula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 684 (non descr.).
Neoris, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) 1, p. 321 (1862-64).
Type, S. pint, Schr., from Europe.
Range. Africa; Palearctic region ; Himalayas; Assam.
Fore wing with the costa evenly arched; the apex rounded ;
the outer margin but slightly excised. Hind wing rounded.
Tarsi naked.
Secor. I. Palpi of moderate size ; branches of antenne in ¢ long.
15. Saturnia zuleika, Hoye, Trans. Linn. Soc. xix, 1848, p. 132, pl. xi,
fig. 5; C.& S. no, 1574.
do. Head and thorax dark red-brown; collar white; meta-
thorax fringed with white ; abdomen brown and grey, with a series
of lateral crimson spots and two paired series of black ventral
streaks. Fore wing grey, irrorated with brown scales, and suffused
with pink towards the apex; marginal area olive-brown; a dark
brown patch at base of inner margin, followed by a deep crimson
band from median nervure to inner margin, with a dark brown
outer edge continued upwards across the -cell; a narrow hyaline
streak at end of cell surrounded by pinkish, grey, and crimson
lines; three highly dentate postmedial lines bent inwards below
the ocellus at vein 2; a black triangular patch on the costa before
the apex, which is pale buff; two submargina] waved black lines.
Hind wing similar, without the dark patch and crimson band at
base ; an antemedial curved line; the ocellus broader; the disk
more suffused with pink; the postmedial lines waved and not
bent inwards.
DD SATURNIIDZ.
In Naga specimens the ocelli of both wings are more rounded.
Hab, Sikhim; Naga Hills. Exp. 136 millim.
Fig. 11.—Satwrnia zuleika, G. 2.
16. Saturnia thibeta, Westw. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 166; C. § 8. no. 1572.
Rinaca extensa, Buti. lil. Het. v, p. 61, pl. 94, fig.2; C. § S. no. 1573.
Differs from zuleika in bemg nearly uniform ochreous, varied
slightly with grey and brown ; the ocellus rounder, with a narrow
fawn ring.
Hab. Tibet ; Sikhim, 7000 feet ; Assam. Hap. 124-146 millim.
17. Saturnia anna, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 818; C. § 8. no. 1545.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; collar yellow. Fore wing
pale yellow, irrorated with black scales; an indistinct basal
black patch and antemedial line; the ocellus large and round,
red-brown ringed with black, and containing a white lunule and
black centre with a white streak on it; the apical patch reddish
brown; a submarginal brown line with two series of yellow spots
beyond it. Hind wing with the disk slightly suffused with pink;
the ocellus as on fore wing except that the outer ring is red-
brown with crimson inside it; three postmedial highly dentate
lines on both wings.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 110-120 millim.
Scr. IT. Palpi minute; branches of antennz in ¢ short.
18. Saturnia grotei, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 265, pl. 65, fiz. 2; C. &
S. no. 1547.
Differs from anna in the ground-colour of the wings being
brown. Fore wing with the white lunule on the ocellus smaller,
and no white streak on the black centre; the submarginal line
SATURNIA. 93
ferruginous, no yellow spots. Hind wing with the disk much
suffused with crimson; the inner part of the ocellus crimson ; two
postmedial waved lines.
Hab. Himalayas, from Simla to Sikhim ; Tibet. Eup., go 80,
© 88 millim.
19. Saturnia lindia, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 3rd ser. ii, p. 424, pl. 22,
fig. 3; C. & S. no, 1549.
Saturnia hockingii, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 402; Butl. Ill. Het.
vii, pl. 124, figs. 2,3; C. & S. no, 1546 a.
3. Differs from anna in the collar and ground-colour being
grey. Fore wing: the ccellus with no crimson; the postmedial
lines waved, not highly dentate, no yellow spots. Hind wing:
the ocellus with crimson only on inner side; two waved post-
medial lines.
Hab. Kulu. Exp. 86 millim.
20. Saturnia pyretorum, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 49, pl. 24, fig. 2;
C. & S. no. 1550.
Saturnia cidosa, Moore, Trans. Ent, Soc. (3) ii, p. 423; C. & S.
no. 1546.
3. Differs from lindia in the base of the fore wing being mostly
dark ; the medial area whitish ; the postmedial area heavily sut-
fused with fuscous so as almost entirely to obliterate the dentate
lines; a white submarginal line; outer margin fuscous; ocellus
dark, with a white streak and ringed with yellow and black ; two
deep red subapical patches. Hind wing similar; the whitish
medial area very broad; the waved lines entirely obsolete; an
obsolescent red subapical patch.
Q. With a large tuft of hair at end of abdomen.
S. boisduvali, Ersch., from Irkutsk, appears only to differ in
having a straighter postmedial line to fore wing.
Hab. China; Sikhim. ap. 103 millim.
21. Saturnia simla, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 41, pl. 20, fig. 1; C.§ S.
no. 1571.
Head and thorax pale chestnut; collar grey ; metathorax fringed
with grey ; abdomen with the first segment chestnut, the others
greyish brown. Fore wing: costa grey; basal area chestnut, with
a dark red line on its outer edge, angled at median nervure, but
sometimes almost straight ; an oblique chestnut line from the costa
before apex nearly meeting the red line on inner margin, the space
between the two lines pinkish grey; the area outside the oblique
line chestnut ; margin brown ; an ocellus consisting of a hyaline
streak on a dark brown ground surrounded by pale brown, edged
inwardly by black, white, and red, outwardly by black; a black
mark before the apex, which is pinkish grey ; two dentate obso-
lescent postmedial lines. Hind wing brownish ; the upper discal
94 SATURNIID 2.
area pink; an antemedial curved red-brown line; ocellus as on
fore wing, but larger and better defined; two waved postmedial
red-brown lines; outer area bright chestnut; margin brown.
Some specimens are browner than others, especially those from
Sikhim.
Cocoon dark and fenestrated.
Hab, N.W. Himalayas. Hwp. 120-158 millim.
22. Saturnia huttoni, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) i, p. 821; C.§ S.
no. 1551.
Q@. Differs from simla in the antemedial line of the fore wing
being waved; the space between that and the postmedial line
darker ; the ocellus large, but only the lunulate inner part pro-
minent. Hind wing with the antemedial line straight; the ocellus
with the black ring narrow; the postmedial lines less waved, the
outer one prominent.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Zep. 110 millim.
23. Saturnia cachara, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 578; C. § S. no. 1570.
3g. Differs from simla in being without the red tinge. Fore
wing without the basal brown patch; the hyaline spot surrounded
by a circular flesh-coloured ocellus, inwardly edged by pink, out-
wardly by black; the waved lines dark. Hind wing with the red
and black margins to the ocellus broad; the waved postmedial
lines dark ; the submarginal pale line waved.
Hab. Cachar, Exp. 106 millim.
Scr. III. The branches of antenne in @ much longer; palpi
moderate.
24. Saturnia stoliczkana, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 87, fig. 3; C. & S.
no. 1553.
Neoris shadulla, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 577; C. & S. no. 1552.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red, the collar white;
metathorax fringed with white. Wings with the ground-colour
grey. ore wing with the costa grey; a brick-red basal patch; a
dark antemedial line slightly angled at the median nervure; a
hyaline lunule bordered inwardly with yellow, black, and white,
pink and black outwardly with two waved postmedial diffused lines,
beyond which the colour is pale; marginal area pale red. Hind
wane similar to fore wing; the white ring extending all round the
ocellus.
The Cis-Himalayan form has the ground-colour of the wings
pinkish grey.
Hab, N.W. Himalayas ; Yarkand; Laddk, 12,000 feet. Exp.
16-132 millim. :
ho
Or
LOEPA.
Genus LOEPA.
Loepa, Moore, Lep. E. I. C. ii, p- 399 (1858).
Rhodia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 678.
Type, L. katinka, Westw.
Range. Japan; Himalayas; Assam; Yunnan; Java.
Shape and neuration as in Saturnia. Tarsi thickly clothed with
hair.
25. Loepa katinka, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 25, pl. 12, fig. 2; C.§ S.
no. 1554.
Loepa miranda, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, p. 424; C. & 8.
no. 1555.
Loepa sikkima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 818; C. § S. no. 1556.
Bright chrome-yellow. Fore wing with the costa grey, suffused
with fuscous; a subbasal more or less angled pink line; a large
rounded or oval ocellus at end of cell, which is pinkish brown,
containing white and black lunulate marks; a highly waved post-
medial dark line; double submarginal lines, the inner line pinkish
and angled below the costa, the outer grey and terminating
in a black spot between veins 7 and 8, above which is a pinkish
patch on the costa, edged exteriorly with white and pink ; a series
of almost marginal pale lunules. Hind wing differs from the fore
wing in the first line being further from the base, narrow, and
dark; the subcostal patch and spot absent. Underside with a
pink and white apical patch to hind wing developed in sikkima and
the Javan form. —
The form miranda is large and pale, with the ocellus small,
round, and almost blind; katinka is a similar but small form ;
while sikkima is small and dark, much suffused with fuscous
26 SATURNIID®.
towards the apex of fore wing, in the male the ocellus large and
round or elongate, with a prominent pupil. The branches of the
antenne vary much in length.
Larva brown and hairy, with six pink tubercles on each somite ;
white sublateral irregular blotches from 4th to 10th somites ;
claspers pink.
Hab. Himalayas; Assam; Yunnan; Java. Hap. 90-124 millim.
*26. Loepa? simplicia, Maass. § Weym. Beitr. zur Schmett. pt. ii,
fig. 20; C. § S. no 1568.
3. Yellow. Fore wing with a pink and white antemedial line
from the subcostal to the inner margin, bent at the median nervure ;
an ocellus at end of cell, with white centre ringed with yellow,
black, and pink; a subapical pink patch, with dark specks on it,
and a straight brown submarginal line from it. Hind wing with
the antemedial line angled near imner margin ; the ocellus larger
than on fore wing; the brown line postmedial, slightly bent and
waved, and arising below the costa.
Hab. HE. Indies. Hay. 160 millim.
27. Loepa newara, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 578; C. § S. no. 1575.
Head, thorax, and abdomen bright yellow; collar grey ; patagia
bordered by reddish lines. Fore wing yellow, irrorated with grey,
fuscous, and pink scales, except at centre of inner margin and
outer area; some pink hairs at base; a grey and fuscous ante-
medial line, angled at median nervure ; a large subtriangular hya-
line spot at end of cell; a dark postmedial slightly curved and
oblique line ; a sickle-shaped white subapical mark, with a black
spot above it and a pink streak below it, trom which runs a highly
waved submarginal line; a marginal olive band. Hind wing
yellow; a pink and dark antemedial line; a hyaline spot at
end of cell edged with fuscous ; a postmedial line, beyond which
the area is suffused with pink and fuscous, with a waved outer
edge.
Cocoon pale blue-green, and suspended by a silken peduncle.
Hab. Nepal; Sikhim. zp., g 150, 9 142-150 millim.
Genus SALASSA.
Salassa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 246.
Type, S. lola, Westw.
Range. Sikhim; Sylhet.
Fore wing with the apex acute; outer margin nearly evenly
curved. Hind wing and neuration as in Saturnia. Tarsi naked.
—
SALASSA. 27
28. Salassa lola, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 25, pl. 12, fig. 3; C.§ S.
no. 1569.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen, brick-red. Fore wing brick-
red ; an antemedial pale and darker curved line; a hyaline spot
beyond the cell very variable in shape and size ; a postmedial dark
line, with a series of hyaline striz on it ; a submarginal dark band,
with its inner and outer edges waved ; a grey apical patch. Hind
wing similar to fore wing, the ante- and postmedial lines broader ;
a hyaline spot beyond the cell surrounded by an ocellus, which is
ESS
Fig. 13.—Salassa lola, 3. }.
ringed black, white, and deep red exteriorly; the hyaline striz
obsolete beyond the ocellus. Underside: the basal two-thirds of
wings red-brown suffused with grey, except exteriorly; a broad
grey submarginal band, with waved outer edge; marginal area
brown. Tibi and tarsi grizzled.
One specimen taken in March much paler.
2. Brown with dark and reddish hairs..
Hab, Sikhim ; Sylhet. Eywp., § 116, 2 120-158 millim.
29. Salassa royi, Elwes, P. Z. 8.1887, p. 447; id. Trans. Ent. Soc.
1888, pl. viii, fic. 2; C. § S. no. 1550,
3. Differs from /ola in the colour being very dark purplish red-
brown ; the hyaline spot large and round ; no hyaline strie on the
postmedial line. Hind wing with the outer ring of the ocellus
narrow and black, instead of broad and deep red. Underside with
the grey suffusion extending to the postmedial line.
2. Paler; the head and prothorax yellow; the wings clothed
with olive-yellow hair; the outer part of the postmedial line greyer.
Hiab. Sikhim. Ewp., $ 140, 2 154 millim.
28 SATURNIID &.
Genus CRICULA.
Cricula, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1186 (1855).
Euphranor, Her.-Schdff. Samal. aus. Ew. Schmet. p. 61 (1858).
Type, C. trifenestrata, Helf.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.
Fore wing with the costa evenly arched; apex rather acute;
outer margin highly excised; veins 5 and 6 given off from the sub-
costal much nearer the base. Hind wing rounded; veins 5 and 6
given off from the subcostal towards the base.
30. Cricula trifenestrata, Heifer, J. A. S. B. vi, p. 45; Her.-Schiff.
Samm. aus. Hur, Schmet. pl. tgp Ho CORR: § 8. no. 1354; Moore,
Lep. £. I. Co. pl. xviii, fig. 7 a, % (larva, and cocoon).
Cricula burmana, Swznh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 198.
¢. Brown, ochreous, yellowish, or reddish. Fore wing with a
waved antemedial dark line; a small hyaline spot beyond the end
of the cell, with one or two others above it, the upper one generally
Fig. 14.—Cricula trifenestrata, g. 4.
represented by a dark spot; an oblique line from the apex to the
inner margin beyond the middle, the area beyond it suffused with
grey. Hind w ing with the oblique line continued to the inner margin
before the middle ; ; a hyaline spot beyond the cell; a submarginal
waved line. Underside with the basal area suffused with purple.
2. Generally redder ; three large irregularly shaped hyaline
spots beyond the cell of the fore wing, often with one or two small
ones inside them.
Larva black-brown ; 2nd to 11th somites each with six setiferous
tubercles ; 1st somite and anal claspers crimson; a pale reddish
sublateral stripe; legs and prolegs brown.
Cocoon composed of bright golden-yellow silk firmly united into
a network; a race from the Karen Hills spins a solid cocoon.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Java.
Exp., $ 62-82, 2 72-92 millim.
BRAHM EID &, 29
31. Cricula drepanoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 817; C. & S.
no. 1353,
3. Differs from trifenestrata in the head, thorax, and abdomen
being suffused with purplish grey. Fore wing purplish grey, the
outer area ochreous ; an antemedial irregular line ; a large number
of hyaline specks and blotches, more or less conjoined in, beyond,
and below the end of the cell; the oblique line is bent back to the
costa, which it reaches scme way before the apex; an oblique
streak from the apex meeting the oblique line and then continued
as a waved submarginal line. Hind wing reddish ochreous; an
antemedial line ; a hyaline spot at end of cell surrounded by five
small ones; postmedial and submarginal waved lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Lap. 68 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian are omitted.
Antherea pernyi, Guér., C. & S. no. 1564 (part.), is a Chinese
non-pedunculate species.
Attacus fenestra, Linn., C. & 8. no. 1354 (part.), is Hylurga
fenestra from Venezuela.
Attacus perspicua, Linn., C. & 8. no. 1354 (part.), is Turckheimia
perspicua from W. Africa.
Bombyx irius and saturnus, Fabr., from “ India,” Syst. Ent. iii,
i, p. 409, appear to be African species, but the descriptions
are too vague for recognition.
Family BRAHMEIDZ.
Proboscis present; palpi large, rounded, and upturned. An-
tenn bipectinated in both sexes; mid tibia with a single pair of
spurs ; hind tibia with two pairs. Frenulum absent. Fore wing
with vein 16 forked at the base; 1cabsent ; 5 from near the upper
angle of cell. Hind wing with two internal veins ; the cell short,
with a veinlet in it; vein 5 from near the upper angle; 6 and 7
given off near the base; 8 free from the root and nearly touching
7 beyond the cell; a precostal vein.
Genus BRAHMAA.
Brahmea, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1315 (1855).
Type B. certhia, Fabr., from China.
Range. H.and W. Africa; Palearctic Asia; Himalayas; Burma.
Palpi large, rounded, and upturned; antennx bipectinated in
both sexes, the branches short and nearly even throughout. Fore
wing with vems 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked together; 7 and 8 being
given off ona short stalk. Hind wing with the cell very short and
with a veinlet in it; the upper discocellular given off from vein 6.
30 BRAHMAIDA,
Larva. The 2nd and 3rd somites swollen and armed with a pair
of forwardly projecting lateral spines, which turn into warts at
the last moult.
Pupa naked,
32. Brahmea wallichii, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 39; C. & S. no. 1579.
Brahmea conchifera, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) v, 1880, p. 188; Ld,
Het. v, pl. 95, figs. 83,4; C. & S. no. 1577,
Bombya spectabilis, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 443.
Brahmea rufescens, Butl. A. M. N, H. (5) vi, 1880, p. 62; C&S,
no. 1578,
3d. Head black; antenne brown, with a brown band between
their bases ; thorax brown, with three pairs of black lines; collar
with a pair of black spots; abdomen brown, with paired square
Fig. 15.—Brahmea wallichii, 3. 4.
segmental black spots: underside of head and thorax black ; of abdo-
men brown, with black les. Fore wing pale olive-brown; seven
waved black lines before the middle; two black medial lines
enclosing an irregular space below the costa, then approaching
each other at vein 2, and enclosing a round space above inner
margin ; in these spaces the veins are marked with white and black ;
eight black lunulate lines on the outer area between vein 5 and the
inner margin, some of them in the form of “ brackets,” the outer
series forming ring-marks; apical area with veins 6, 7, 8 marked
with white lunules ; a black subapical patch, with some fine black
lunules trom it to vein 6; a yellow streak above vein 5. Hind
wing: the basal area deep black, with some brown streaks towards
inner margin ; outer area yellowish, shading to olive-brown; nine
waved lines, expanding into blue-black marks on the veins, with
white spots between them ; a submarginal broken line. Underside
BOMBYCID#, 31
with the basal half of both wings black, more or less streaked with
brown on costa of both wings and beyond cell and on inner margin
of fore wing.
The form conchifera is slightly paler than typical wallicha. _
The form rufescens has the whole basal area of the fore wing
below pale.
Hab. Nepal; Sikhim; Khasi Hills; Assam ; Upper Burma.
Exp, 150-170 millim.
33. Brahmea hearseyi, White, Proc. Ent. Soc. 1861, p. 26.
Brahma whitei, Butl. Ill, Het. v, p. 62, pl. 95, figs. 1,2; CO S.
n. 1580.
3. Differs from wallichit in the abdominal markings of the upper-
side being narrow black and white bands; the ground-colour of
both wings paler; the subapical white lunules are joined into
waved white lines, one or two of those nearest the base having
black lines inside them. Hind wing with pale streaks between the
veins from inner margin to vein 6.
Hab. Mussooree; Sikhim; Burma. Zap. 116-170 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian is omitted.
Brahmnea certhia, Fabr., C. & S. no. 1576, is from China,
Family BOMBYCID.
Proboscis absent; palpi rather small or absent ; antenne bipec-
tinated in both sexes ; legs hairy, without spurs. Frenulum absent ;
vein 5 of both wings from, or from above, the middle of the disco-
cellulars; veins 7, 8, 9 of fore wing generally more or less bent
downwards ; vein 1a forming or not forming a fork with 16; le
Fig. 16.—Larva of Ocinara siqnifera. +. (From Hutton, Trans. Ent. Soe.
1864, pl. 19, fig. 6.)
absent or present. Hind wing with two or three internal veins ;
vein 8 arising from the base of 7, or free from the base with a bar
between them; the inner margin irregular and in part turned
over.
Larva elongate and not hairy; dorsai humps on some of the
somites, or a horn on the terminal somite, or paired dorsal spines.
Cocoon formed of fine silk, of great commercial value in some
species,
32 BOMBYCID&.
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with vein 8 from the base of 7, and
no bar between them.
a’. Palpi present.
a’. Fore wing with veins 7, 8,9 but slightly
bent downwards.
a®. Fore wing with veins 6 and 11 from
Chregcelily See eset nse kuantaste codec 1. Bompyx, p. 22.
6°. Fore wing with veins 6 and 11 stalked
Sipe tle (sto vuste unl MOG Actor piser A rented by beach oe 2. EcTRoctTa, p. 33.
6°. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 much bent
GO wanwatdsisatrace sues reenter 3. OcInaRa, p. 34.
b’. Palpi absent.
a*, Fore wing with a veinlet in the cell; veins
7, 8, 9 much bent downwards ........ 4. GunDA, p. 36.
6°. Fore wing with no veinlet in the cell;
veins 7, 8, 9 not much bent downwards, 5. THEOPHILA, p. 37.
b. Hind wing with vein 8 free from the root, and
a bar between it and vein 7; fore wing with
veins 7, 8, 9 not bent downwards.
a’, Fore wing with vein 6 stalked with 7, 8,
Cll be side cath odo gas Summ analinc SHelgen 6. MusTILta, p. 58.
b'. Fore wing with vein 6 from the angle of cell. 7, ANDRACA, p. 40,
Genus BOMBYX.
Bombyx, Hiibn. Verz. p. 190 (1818).
Type, B. mori, Linn.
Range. Japan; China; and introduced into India, Europe, &e.
Palpi shght. Fore wing with the outer margin excised below
the apex and slightly angled; ves 6 and 11 from the cell; 7, 8,
9, 10 stalked together; 7, 8,9 but slightly bent downwards. Hind
wing with vein 5 from above the centre of the discocellulars ;
veins 6 and 7 on a snort stalk; no bar between veins 7 and 58
near base.
34. Bombyx mori, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 817; C. §& S. no. 1098.
Bombyx creesi, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) i, 1864, p. 312; C.§ S.
no. 1095.
Bombyx fortunatus, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 312;
C. & S. no. 1096.
Bombyx sinensis, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 3138; C.§ 8.
no. 1099.
Bombyx textor, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (5) ii, 1864, p. 809; C.§ S.
no. 1100.
Bombyx arracanensis, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 315
C. § S. no. 1094.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish. Fore wing whitish ;
two dark antemedial lines; a line across the end of cell; a post-
BOMBYX.—ECTROCTA. 33
medial line. Hind wing with a dark blotch at centre of inner
margin; curved medial and postmedial lines.
2 with the wings often more or less aborted.
In some specimens the outer line of the fore wing is curved and
submarginal, or the markings may be entirely obsolete.
Larva dark grey; the head and first three somites with some
Fig. 17.—Bombyx mori, 2. 4.
transverse black lines; the first somite with two dark red streaks ;
the five first somites white below; the 3rd to anal somite with
reticulated black dorsal markings ; 11th somite with a long horn.
Cultivated forms may be grey or almost white, with the markings
almost obsolete.
This species is indigenous to China, and from there introduced
all over the world. The forms described by Hutton are simply
domesticated races of the larva.
Cocoon yellow or white, the silk closely woven or loose.
Hab. China, and in a domesticated state throughout India and
Europe. xp. 42 millim.
Genus ECTROCTA, nov.
Type, #. diaphana, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
Palpi minute. Fore wing much excised below the apex; veins
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 stalked together; veins 7, 8, 9 not much bent
downwards. Hind wing with the outer margin much excised at
anal angle; vein 5 from the centre of the discocellulars; veins 6
and 7 stalked.
35. Ectrocta diaphana, n. sp.
OF
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous brown, suffused
with fuscous. Wings semidiaphanous white. Fore wing with a
fuscous basal patch; a subbasal curved fuscous band; a streak on
discocellulars ; a doubly curved submarginal line; a large apical
patch. Hind wing with an antemedial fuscous spot on inner
VOL. I. D
34 BOMBYCID&.
margin; a maculate postmedial band; outer margin very slightly
suffused with fuscous.
Fig. 18.--Eectrocta diaphana, 2. }.
Hab. Momeit, Burma (Doherty). Exp. 54 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
Genus OCINARA.
Ocinara, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1768 (1856).
Naprepa, W1k. Cat. v, p. 1152 (1855), nom. preeoce.
Trilocha, Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C. p. 882 (1857).
Ernolatia, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 131 (1862).
Chazena, Wik. Char. undescr. Het. p. 21 (1869).
Type, O. dilectula, Wlk., from Java.
Range. China; throughout India; Andamans; Borneo: Sumatra;
Java.
Palpi minute. Fore wing with vein 6 from or from below the
angle of the cell; 7, 8,9, 10 stalked, 7, 8, 9 much bent downwards ;
11 from the cell; vein 1 ¢ present; a veinlet in the cell. Hind
wing with vein 5 from the centre of the discocellulars ; veins 6
and 7 stalked; three internal veins.
36. Ocinara signifera, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 130 (1862).
Ocinaralactea, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 328, pl. 19, fig. 6
(larva); C. & S. no. 1110.
Ocinara diaphana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 83; C. §& S. no. 1109,
Head, thorax, and abdomen white.
Fore wing white, with an opalescent
tinge; some black specks on the
costa ; two black spots in end of cell,
either or both of which may be ab-
sent, one beyond the end which may
Fig. 19. be reduced to a speck; two indistinct
Ocinara signifera, S$. } curved postmedial lines, the outer
: with fine black streaks on the veins.
Hind wing white, witha dark speck at end of cell and a faint post-
medial line; some black spots on inner margin ; cilia chequered
fuscous and white.
OCINARA, 35
The form diaphana has the black spots on fore and hind wings
absent.
Larva brown, with humps on the 2nd, 4th, and 7th somites, and
a horn on 10th somite.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Khasi Hills ; Nilgiris; Anda-
mans; Sumatra; Borneo. Ewp., ¢ 34-38, 9 34-46 millim.
37. Ocinara apicalis, Wk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 130 (1862),
Ocinara signata, Wilk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 131.
Ocinara moorei, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) 11, 1864, p. 826; C. & S.
now Je
Ocinara lida, Moore, Cat. E. I. C. p. 381,
Bombyx plana, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 575.
¢. Differs from signifera in having a slight ferruginous tinge ;
a ferruginous band inside a waved postinedial line on both wings ;
the spots at end of cell of fore wing and those on the costa, except
the spot at the postmedial line, absent; the spots on inner margin
of hind wing dark ferruginous.
Larva rough and brown, covered with short hair; a raised ridge
on 2nd somite, with a black patch before it; a horn on 10th
somite.
Hab. Hongkong ; Mussooree;: Borneo; Java. Lup. 38 milli.
38. Ocinara varians, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1153; C. & S. no. 1093; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 135, figs. 1, 1 a, 1 4 (larva).
Naprepa albicollis, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 171; C. § 8.
no. 1091
Naprepa cervina, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 489; C. & S. no. 1092.
Chazena velata, Wilk. Char. undescr. Het. p. 21.
36- Head, thorax, and abdomen pale or dark red-brown ; the
vertex of head and collar sometimes whitish. Fore wing pale
reddish brown or greyish ; two antemedial curved waved lines ; a
pale streak on the discocellulars surrounded by a dark patch; two
postmedial curved and waved lines somewhat far apart; a darker
patch on the outer margin below the apex; the costal edge pale ;
cilia dark red-brown. Hind wing pale or dark red-brown, or
greyish with the outer area red-brown; a postmedial indistinct
line ; inner area pale, with some dark red strigee crossing it.
The grey form is albicollis; in the redder form varians the
markings are often almost obsolete.
Larva elongate and brown, with darker dots and a lateral row
of black dots; a slight dorsal protuberance on each of the thoracic,
and on the 5th and 8th somites ; along slender horn on anal somite.
Cocoon silken, shght in texture; oval and pale.
Hab. Philippines; China; Formosa; throughout India and
Ceylon; Borneo. Lup., $ 26, 2 32 millim.
D2
36 BOMBYCIDA.
Genus GUNDA.
Gunda, Wik. Journ. Linn, Soc. vi, p. 176 (1862).
Norasuma, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1872, p.575.
Aristhala, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 704.
Type, @. ochracea, W1k., from Borneo.
Range. Hainan ; Sikhim ; Ceylon; Java.
Palpi absent. Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 stalked 2
Ue 8, 9 much bent down; a veinlet in the cell. Hind wing with
vein 5 from the centre of the discocellulars; veins 6 and 7 stalked.
39. Gunda javanica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 576, pl. 33, fig. 6.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown; the collar fringed
with dark brown. Fore wing darkish brown; three transverse
indistinct lines; a postmedial more distinct line, highly angulated
below the costa; a very dark brown streak from the base to the
apex along the costa, leaving a large apical pale patch with an
apical dark streak. Hind wing dark brown, with three indistinct
lines; inner margin dark with some pale strige; two pale sub-
marginal specks near anal angle. Underside with the two outer
lines of both wings more distinct and waved.
2. More uniform grey-brown; the dark streak and apical pale
patch of the fore wing obsolete, as are the markings of hind wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Java. EHzp., 5 48, 2 66 millim.
40. Gunda apicalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 17.
2. Differs from javanica in being much yellower brown ; an-
tennz ochreous ; a pale streak on vertex of abdomen. Fore wing
with the outer line less angled ; the apical dark patch much larger.
Hind wing with the lines more distinct.
Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. xp. 62 millim.
41. Gunda sikkima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 406, pl. 33, fig. 3;
Cl S. nog VEZ.
Norasuma variegata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 7.
Aristhala thwaitesii, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 186; C.§ S. no, 1118.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown, grizzled with grey.
GUNDA.—THEOPHILA. ah
Fore wing ochreous brown, much suffused with red-brown, espe-
cially at inner and outer areas ; two dark spots near base ; a highly
curved subbasal line ; two nearly straight medial lines, the outer
line met by an oblique streak from the costa across the end of cell ;
a waved submarginal line; a dark mark at apex. Hind wing
red-brown, ochreous towards anal angle and outer margin ; two
indistinct waved lines; inner area dark red-brown, suffused with
grey; two dark marks at anal angle. Underside of hind wing
with two dark specks in the cell and the lines more distinct.
Where thinly scaled the wing-membrane shows highly iridescent
colours.
@. Yellow; the thorax suffused with reddish brown ; the fore
wing with reddish brown near inner and outer margins ; hind wing
suffused with reddish brown at base and near anal angle; the
transverse lines as in male, but less distinct.
Hab. Sikhim; Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 42, 2 62 millim.
Genus THEOPHILA.
Theophila, Moore, P. Z. S, 1867, p. 683.
Type, 7’. huttoni, Westw.
Range. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Bengal and ? Madras.
Palpi absent. Fore wing highly excised below the apex; the
outer margin slightly angled ; veins 6,7, 8, 9, 10 stalked together,
7, 8, 9 not much bent downwards. Hind wing with vein 5 from
above the middle of the discocellulars ; veins 6 and 7 stalked.
42. Theophila huttoni, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 26, pl. 12, fig. 4; Hutt.
Trans. Ent. Soc. 1864-66, pl. 19, fig. 4 (larva); C. & S. no. 1103.
Bombyx sherwilli, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 324;
C. & S. no. 1105.
Bombyx affinis, Hutt., Geoghegan’s Silk in India, App. A, p. 3;
C.§ S. no. 1101.
Bombyx bengalensis, Hutt. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii, 1864, p. 322,
pl. 19, fig. 5 (larva); C. & S. no. 1102.
Bombyx religiose, Helfer, J. A. S. B. vi, p. 41, pl. 6; C. § &.
no. 1104.
Fig. 21.—Theophila huttoni, §. }.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown. The outer margin of
both wings more or less crenulate. Fore wing grey-brown,
obliquely curved antemedial and medial indistinct dark lines: a
38 BOMBYCID&.
dark line beyond the discocellulars ; an erect postmedial line; one
or two doubly curved submarginal lines; a large chocolate apical
patch. Hind wing darker; inner margin chequered brown and
white ; a slightly curved submarginal line. Underside of hind
wing with postmedial and submarginal lines.
Abdomen in some specimens with first and last segments dark.
Larva mottled and streaked with yellow, brown, and black ; the
first three somites very much swollen; paired dorsal spines on 5th
to anal somite.
The larva described by Hutton as bengalensis was probably a pale
variety of the common form, from which it differed in being
whitish, marbled with yellowish red and black; the moth men-
tioned in connection with it was evidently Bombya mort.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim; Assam. Hp., ¢ 40, 2 50
millim.
*43. Theophila ? lugubris, Drury, Exot. Ins. iii, p. 28, pl. 21, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 1097.
Head and thorax ash-coloured. Abdomen and wings rusty red ;
fore wing with some faint bluish marks near outer margin.
This species is certainly either a Bombyx or Theophila, and pro-
bably the latter, having the outer margin of the fore wing angled.
Hab. Madras? Exp. 48 millim.
Genus MUSTILIA.
Mustilia, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 580 (1865),
Type, M. falcipennis, W1k.
Range. The Himalayas ; Assam.
Palpi minute ; antennee of male bipectinated to two-thirds length.
Fore wing very much produced at apex, which is acute; vein 1 6
forked at base, 1 ¢ absent, 3 given off before end of cell, 6 stalked
with 7, 8, 9, 10. Hind wing with two internal veins; a bar
between veins 7 and 8 near base.
44. Mustilia falcipennis, JV7k. Cat. xxxii, p. 581; C. § S. no. 1482.
Mustilia castanea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 82; C. & S. no. 1481.
Fig. 22.—Mustilia faleipennis, S. }.
¢. Head and collar chestnut; the shaft of antennew and a
MUSTILIA. 39
band between their bases whitish; thorax and abdomen purplish
red-brown, the latter yellowish towards extremity. Fore wing
red-brown, suffused with grey ; a highly angled antemedial indis-
tinct line ; a black spot at end of cell; a waved medial line; a
postmedial line angled below the costa and waved towards inner
margin, met by a black and grey oblique line from the apex.
Hind wing with the costal half yellow, the inner half red-brown ;
two dark lines which approach each other on inner margin ; a grey
patch near anal angle. Underside yellower, with a black spot at
end of cell of hind wing.
The form eastanea is darker; the hind wing more angled and
wholly dark chestnut-red, instead of the costal half yellow; the
markings similar.
Hab. Sikhim ; Bhutan. zp. 52 millim.
45. Mustilia sphingiformis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 407, pl. 33, fig. 4;
C. §& S. no. 1484.
Differs from falcipennis in the head and thorax being purplish
grey-brown; the abdomen dark brown. Fore wing pale red-
brown, with the markings slight and obsolescent, a speck at end of
cell ; a doubly curved postmedial line; the whole outer area suf-
fused with chestnut from apex to outer angle as far as the post-
medial line at middle. Hind wing ochreous, the inner area brown.
Cilia of both wings ochreous.
Hab. Mussooree. . Eap., ¢ 58, 2 82 millim.
46. Mustilia hepatica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 82, pl. 3, fig. 18; C.§ S.
no. 1483.
Mustilia columbaris, Butl. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 387, pl. 35, fig. 7.
¢. Pale red-brown, suffused with grey ; shaft of antenne and
a band between their bases white. Fore wing with an indistinct
waved antemedial line; a dark spot at end of cell; an oblique
postmedial line, usually indistinct, angled below the costa and met
by an oblique line from the apex. Hind wing with a curved post-
medial indistinct line; two dark strige on inner margin. Outer
area of both wings not suffused with grey ; three grey spots towards
outer and anal angles.
2. More uniform chestnut-brown; fore wing with the cell-
spot smaller.
The form columbaris from Murree is paler and more uniformly
suffused with grey.
Larva greenish brown; the hinder part paler; sphingiform in
shape, with a long tail on 11th somite; the cuticle of the anterior
part of the body is capable of expansion into large lateral wings,
which are retracted when at rest. ;
Hab. Murree; Sikhim. Ewp., ¢ 64, 2 90 millim.
AO BOMBYCID&.
Genus ANDRACA.
Andraca, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 581 (1865).
Type, A. bipunctata, W1k.
Range. Sikhim ; Assam,
Palpi not very small; antenne of male bipectinated to tip.
Fore wing with the apex produced and acute; vein 16 forked at
base, 1 ¢ absent, 3 and 4 from angle of cell, 6 from upper angle,
7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with the inner margin excised ;
two internal veins; a bar between veins 7 and 8 near the base.
47. Andraca bipunctata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 582; C. & S. no. 1328.
Andraca trilochoides, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 820; C. & S. no, 1829;
Waterh. Aid, ii, pl. 182, figs. 1, 2.
Fig. 238.—Andraca bipunctata, G. 3.
¢. Antenne dark brown ; head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-
brown. Fore wing dark red-brown, with some grey scales below
the costa ; antemedial and medial dark waved lines, curved below
the costa; a postmedial double curved line sharply angled below
the costa; a black speck at end of cell. Hind wing dark red-
brown; the inner margin black, suffused with grey scales ; a black
dot at end of cell; two waved medial lines which nearly meet on
inner margin. Underside: hind wing with the lines more pro-
minent and hardly waved ; the outer margin suffused with grey.
@. Much paler red-brown ; the shaft of antennz white.
The form trilochozdes is rather brighter, with more grey suf-
fusion on fore wing.
Hab, Sikhim; Assam. Ezp., g 48-56, 2 66 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian ws omitted.
Hansa subnotata, Walk., C. & 8. no. 1106, is from Singapore.
EUPTEROTID #. 41
Family EUPTEROTID.
A family of large-sized moths. The palpi hairy; antennz pec-
tinated in both sexes ; mid tibia with one pair of spurs, hind tibia
with two pairs. Frenulum present. Fore wing with vein 16
forked at the base, 1 ¢ absent, 5 from or from above the middle of
the discocellulars, 10 almost always absent. Hind wing with two
internal veins ; vein 5 from or from above the middle of the disco-
cellulars ; a bar between veins 7 and 8, the latter free from the base.
Larva with five pairs of prolegs, and tufted with hair.
Fig. 24.—Larva of Hupterote fabia. 1.
(From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 136, fig. 1 0.)
Key to the Genera.
A. Frons without a corneous ridge.
a, Fore wing with an areole; antenne Saturni-
LORI, oPtsde oe ay Aaeeet et ghee eles 1. GANGARIDES, p. 42.
6. Fore wing with no areole; antennez
plumose.
a’. Palpi upturned and thickly fringed with
hair in front.
a. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 given
otiibeforerendrotrcellm ree 2. PANDALA, p. 43.
6’. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 given
off from end of cell.
a°*, Fore wing with upper discocel-
lulariverynoblique WS. .¢ sce 3. MELANOTHRIX,
b°. Fore wing with upper discocel- [p. 44.
lular nearly erect.
a‘. The discocellulars angled both
above and below vein 5 in both
WATE poh apoafstn tf oacpst faye ak aes 4, Dreata, p. 44,
b*. The discocellulars angled above
vein 5 in both wings.
a. Fore wing rounded at apex... 5. Patrnrrsa, p. 45.
6°. Fore wing produced at apex.. 6, Tacora, p. 46.
ce‘, The discocellulars angled at or
below vein 5 in both wings.
a’. Hind wing with vein 7 given
off before the end of the cell. 7. Psruposana, p. 48.
42 EUPTEROTID &.
6°. Hind wing with veius 6 and 7
stalked or from angle of cell.
a®, Hind wing with the costa
straight; vein 8 not remote
TROL op obSooddesies v5.6 8. Gantsa, p. 49.
6°. Hind wing with the costa
arched; vein 8 remote
PPOME ST | TEI rors Set okele eal 9. ApHa, p. 51.
b'. Palpi porrect.
a’, Fore wing with vein 11 arising close
to 7, 8, 9.
a>, Palpi short and somewhat heavily
cramgeedewaththaite. sets cs ae ]1. EvpTeERore, p. 54.
b°. Palpi longer and very heavily
fringed with hair; branches of
antenne very long in both sexes. 10. Apona, p. 52.
6°. Fore wing with vein 11 arising long
before 7, 8, 9.
a’. The wings broad and rounded .. 12. Nisag@a, p. 62.
6°. The wings long and narrow; fore
wing with outer margin oblique . 15. SaNGartssa, p. 63.
B. Frons with a corneous ridge ............ 14. CNETHOCAMPA,
[p- 64.
Genus GANGARIDES.
Gangarides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 821.
Type, G. roseus, W1k.
Range. E. Himalayas; Burma; Borneo.
Palpi upturned and very thickly fringed with hair. The
antenne with the branches stiff, decreasing rapidly to apex and
Saturniform. Legs very thickly clothed with hairs. Fore wing
with the apex produced, the outer margin excised and crenulate ;
the discocellulars nearly straight; vein 7 anastomosing shortly
with 8 and 9 to form an areole. Hind wing with the disco-
cellulars straight ; veins 6 and 7 stalked.
48. Gangarides roseus, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 513; C. § S. no. 1340.
Gangarides dharma, Moore, P. Z.S. 1865, p. 821, pl. 43, fig. 7;
C. & S. no. 1339.
Lonomia vittipalpis, Wik. Char. undeser. Lep. 1869, p. 90; C. § S.
no. 1251.
3. Palpi black, fringed with ochreous hairs; antenne, head,
and thorax ochreous, the latter with a crimson tinge; abdomen
crimson above. Fore wing pinkish ochreous, irrorated with brown
scales; a curved and waved subbasal dark line; an antemedial
slightly waved line; a black dot ringed with white at end of cell ;
three indistinct waved postmedial lines ; a grey and brown curved
oblique line from apex ; a submarginal lunulate ine. Hind wing
crimson ; the cilia ochreous.
Q. Duller in colour; fore wing with the subbasal line some-
GANGARIDES.—PANDALA, 43
times absent and the speck at end of cell minute; the three post-
medial lines prominent.
oe
Be]
Fig. 25.—Gangarides rosea, S$. }.
The form dharma is much paler ochreous, the hind wing but
slightly tinged with crimson; the white cell-spot large, without
the black centre.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan; Burma. Eyxp., ¢ 76-96, 2106 millim.
Genus PANDALA.
Pandala, Wik. Cat. iv. p. 921 (1855).
Type, P. dolosa, Wk.
Range. Ceylon.
Palpi upturned and but slightly fringed with hair. Antenne
with the branches long. Legs with the spurs long. Fore wing
short, broad, and rounded; the discocellulars oblique; veins 7, 8,
Fig. 26.—Pandala dolosa, S$. t.
9 stalked and given off before the end of the cell. Hind wing
with the discocellulars slightly angled below vein 5; 6 and 7 from
angle of cell.
49. Pandala dolosa, Wik. Cat. iv, p.922; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 134,
fig.5; C.§ S. no. 1338.
3. Dark purplish grey ; fore wing crossed by three antemedial
44 EUPTEROTID #.
indistinct waved lines, three postmedial and one straight sub-
marginal line; hind wing by four waved postmedial lines and a
curved submarginal line.
Hab, Ceylon. Hap. 48 millim.
Genus MELANOTHRIX.
Melanothrix, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 94, fig. 2, Erkl. p. 6 (1874).
Type, MZ. nymphaliaris, W1k., from Java.
Range. Burma; Java.
Palpi upturned and thickly fringed with hair; antenne with
the branches moderately long. Legs hairy. Fore wing short and
very broad, the apex much rounded, the upper discocellular very
oblique ; veins 6, 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the upper
discocellular short and oblique; veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 much
curved and remote from 7.
50. Melanothrix leucotrigona, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings glossy brown; fore
wing with a large shining white triangular mark on the costa
Fig. 27.—Melanothriz leucotrigona, S$. }.
beyond the middle, its apex on vein 5; a large area below it and
its outer edge dark brown; hind wing with a marginal dark
brown band.
Hab. Malewoon, Burma. ap. 74 millim. Type in coll.
Druce.
Genus DREATA.
Dreata, Wik. Cat: iv. p. 902 (1855).
Type, D. hades, W1k.
Range. Assam.
DREATA.—PALIRISA. 45
Palpi long and thickly fringed with hair. Fore wing’ short,
with apex rounded; the discocellulars angled above and below
vein 5; veins 7, 8,9 stalked. Hind wing with the discocellulars
angled above and below vein 5; 6 and 7 from angle of cell.
51. Dreata hades, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 908; Buti. Ill. Het. v, pl. 97,
fiz. 7; C.& 8. no. 1367.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen mouse-brown. Fore wing
mouse-brown, the medial area pale ; five indistinct waved lines ; a
Fig. 28.—Dreata hades, $. 1.
nearly straight and erect prominent postmedial line; a waved
submarginal line. Hind wing pale at base, without the waved
lines; the postmedial line not so prominent; a submarginal
waved line.
Hab. Assam. Exp. 72 millim.
Genus PALIRISA.
Palirisa, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 360.
Type, P. lineosa, W1k.
Range. Hi. Himalayas and Assam; Burma.
Palpi upturned and thickly fringed with hair. Antenne with
the branches short. Legs with the spurs short. Fore wing very
broad, the apex rounded, the discocellulars obiique and angled above
vein 5; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the discocellulars
oblique and angled above vein 5.
52. Palirisa lineosa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 912; Budl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 98,
fir. 4; C. & S. no. 1366.
Pale reddish ochreous. ore wing crossed by six nearly straight
46 EUPTEROTID &.
and erect lines, the fourth slightly waved and often obsolescent,
the submarginal line curved and inwardly edged with grey. Hind
Fig. 29.—Palirisa lineosa, $. 2.
wing with one antemedial and two postmedial lines, the outer line
curved.
Hab, Sikhim ; Bhutan ; Sylhet; Naga Hills. Zwvp., $ 100-110,
© 120-128 millim.
53. Palirisa cervina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 807; C. & S. no. 1365.
6. Differs from lineosa in being pale grey-brown; the palpi
black, fringed with ochreous hair; antenne black. Fore wing
with only the medial and postmedial rufous lines present, the
latter with a waved line beyond it, between which and the post-
medial line the colour is darker. Hind wing with three obso-
lescent lines and no outer line.
In a specimen from Burma the palpi and antenne are pale.
Hab. Sikhim; Bernardmyo, Burma. Zxp. 104 millim.
Genus TAGORA.
Tagora, Wilk. Cat. v, p. 1188 (1855).
Sphingognatha, Feld. Res. Nov. pl. 94, fig. 1, Erkl. p. 9 (1874).
Type, 7. patula, W1k.
Range. Throughout India and Ceylon; Sumatra; Borneo.
Palpi upturned and thickly frmged with hair. ore wing
produced at apex and very broad; the discocellulars nearly erect
and angled above vein 5; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the
discocellulars nearly erect and angled above vein 5; 6 and 7 from
angle of cell.
Secr. I. Fore wing with apex much produced in female.
54. Tagora patula, Wk. Cat. v, p. 1189; Butl. Til. Het. v, pl. 98,
fir. 1; C. § S. no. 1359.
Tagora undulosa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1196; C. & S. no. 1560.
Sphingognatha khasiana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 77.
TAGORA. 47
3. Head black ; basal joint of antenne with a tuft of pale hair ;
thorax, abdomen, and wings pale reddish ochreous. Fore wing
usually with a hyaline spot at end of cell; two rufous oblique lines
from lower angle of cell to inner margin; eight or nine indistinct
dark waved lines ; a double highly curved rufous postmedial line
from the costa near apex to outer angle; a submarginal highly
waved irregular indistinct dark line. Hind wing with a rufous
Fig. 30.— Tagora patula, §. 4.
subbasal line, obsolete except towards inner margin ; about. four
very indistinct waved lines; the rufous postmedial line indistinct ;
an irregularly placed series of submarginal spots.
One specimen in Mus. Oxon. has vein 7 of the fore wing given
off from 6 instead of 8.
©. Suffused with fuscous; the apex of fore wing produced ;
the outer area of both wings suffused with grey ; the oblique line
of both wings single and prominent; the waved lines more
distinct ; two hyaline spots at end of cell of fore wing; the rufous
postmedial line more distinct; a waved submarginal grey line to
both wings.
Hab. Sikhin; Assam; Momeit, Burma. Fvp., 3 100, 2 130
millim.
Srcr. II. Fore wing with apex slightly produced in female.
55. Tagora pallida, Wik. Cat. iv, p.912; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 98,
fig. 3; C.& S. no. 1862.
Sphingognatha asclepiades, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 94, fig. 1.
3. Differs from patula in the head being dark red-brown ; the
tuft on basal joint of antenne dark. Fore wing without the
hyaline spot ; the two medial waved lines are distant at costa and
inner margin and nearly meet at middle; the double postmedial
lines of both wings are dark, narrow, nearer together and less
curved.
48 EUPTEROTID A.
9. Much suffused with brown; one hyaline spot at end of cell
of fore wing. eee
Hab. Sylhet; Sumatra; Borneo. Fzxp., ¢ 120, 2 180 millim.
56. Tagora nigriceps, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 161, fig. 19.
3S. Head black, with a tuft of pale hair on basal joint of
antenne; thorax, abdomen, and wings brownish grey. Fore
wing with traces of some waved antemedial lines; a hyaline speck
at end of cell; five waved lines beyond the middle; the post-
medial line indistinct, the waved submarginal line sending dark
streaks along the veins to the postmedial line, the undulation
between veins 2 and 3 being filled in by a dark brown blotch.
Hind wing with four waved lines before the postmedial straight
line, which is just beyond the middle; the waved submarginal line
remote from the margin.
Hab. Deltota, Ceylon. Exp. 96 millim.
57. Tagora murina, Moore, A. M N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p. 347; Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 136, fig. 2; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 161, fig. 18 9;
C. §& S. no. 1357.
3. Greyish red-brown; head dark brown, with a pale tuft on
basal joint of antenn ; fore wing with four indistinct antemedial
lines ; no hyaline speck at end of cell; five waved postmedial
lines, the innermost nearly meeting the outermost antemedial line
on the disk; the postmedial straight line double and distinct ; the
area between it and the outer waved line suffused with grey.
Hind wing with four or five waved lines before the straight double
line, which is some way beyond the middle; the waved outer line
near the margin, the area beyond it suffused with grey.
2. Much redder brown ; fore wing with two hyaline spots at
end of cell.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Ewp., ¢ 84, 2 94 millim.
Genus PSEUDOJANA, nov.
Type, P. incandescens, W1k.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi upturned and thickly fringed with hair. Antenne with
the branches rather short in both sexes. Legs with the spurs
long. Fore wing broad and rounded, the discocellulars nearly
straight ; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the discocellulars
angled below vein 5; 7 given off just before the angle of cell.
58. Pseudojana incandescens, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 910; Butl. Ill. Het.
y, pl. 98, fig. 5; C. § S. no. 1363.
Head, collar, and prothorax dark chestnut-brown ; meso- and
PSEUDOJANA.—GANISA. 49
metathorax dull brown; abdomen bright reddish fulvous. Fore
wing greyish brown ; traces of a subbasal curved grey line ; indis-
tinct antemedial, medial, and postmedial erect straight dark lines,
the last inwardly edged with grey ; an indistinct submarginal line
Fig. 31.—Pseudojana incandescens, 3. 4.
angled at vein 4. Hind wing duller brown ; an indistinct medial
curved line. Underside with a fiery red tinge; the wings crossed
by a medial and oblique postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 130 millim.
Genus GANISA.
Ganisa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1190 (1855).
Type, G. postica, Wk.
Range. Throughout India and Ceylon.
Palpi upturned and thickly fringed with hair. Fore wing broad,
the apex acute and produced; the discocellulars angled below vein
5; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the discocellulars
oblique ; veins 6 and 7 stalked or from cell. Legs with the spurs
long.
Szcr. I. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from angle of cell.
59. Ganisa postica, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1190; C. § S. no. 1347.
Ganisa plana, Wik. Cat.v, p. 1191; Butl. Iu. Het. v, pl. 96, figs. 4,
5; C.§ S. no. 1346. ;
Ganisa similis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 359; C. & S.
no. 1548.
$. Head very dark brown; thorax, abdomen, and wings pur-
plish grey-brown. Fore wing with an indistinct antemedial oblique
line ; a black and grey speck at end of cell; five indistinct waved
dark lines; a double oblique, nearly straight line from apex to
inner margin beyond the middle. Hind wing sometimes with a black
speck at end of cell; three waved indistinct lines; the postmedial
VOL. I. E
50 EUPTEROTID &.
line oblique and shghtly waved, generally with a series of dark
specks beyond it; cilia of both wings red-brown. Underside with
the specks at end of cell and waved lines more distinct.
Fig. 32.—Ganisa postica, S. }.
2 with the apex of fore wing more produced.
aa Kulu; Kangra; Sikhim ; Sylhet; Nagas; Ceylon. Ewp.68
millim.
Scr. I]. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked.
60. Ganisa pandya, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1865, p. 807; C. § S. no. 1358.
Ganisa pallida, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 65, pl. 96, fig. 3; C. & S.
no, 1545,
3. Differs from postica in being fawn-colour; the head black.
Fore wing with a pale speck at end of cell: hind wing without
waved lines; a dark spot on inner margin; a medial dark line with
ochreous outer edge; a submarginal series of black specks.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan; Sylhet. wp. 90 millim.
61. Ganisa glaucescens, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1188; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 96, figs. 1,2; C. § S. no. 1356.
3. Differs from pandya in being dark red-brown. Fore wing
with a yellow speck at end of cell; two dark indistinct waved
lines ; the double postmedial line recurved below the costa, with ful-
vous between the two lines; the area between it and the outer
waved line suffused with grey; a marginal grey line. Hind wing
with the postmedial line curved ; the markings of the outer area as
on fore wing.
2. More ochreous in tene, with hardly any grey suffusion on
outer area.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., g 80, 2 94 millim.
APTA. ol
Genus APHA.
Apha, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1180 (1855).
Prismosticta, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p. 67 (1880).
Type, A. subdives, W1k.
Range. Japan; Sikhim; Assam.
Palpi upturned and slightly fringed with hair. Antenne with
the branches short. Fore wing with the apex acute and produced ;
the discocellulars nearly straight ; veins 7, 8,9 stalked. Hind wing
with the upper discocellular oblique; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 curved
and remote from 7.
Sucr. I. (Apha). Fore wing with vein 8 given off far before
the apex; 10 absent.
62. Apha subdives, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1180; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 94,
figs. 7,8; C. § S. no. 1844,
3. Head vinous red-brown; thorax and abdomen purplish
brown. Wings brownish ochreous. Fore wing with a purplish
patch on the costa near the base; about four very indistinct ante-
medial waved lines; a speck at end of cell; four or five much
waved indistinct postmedial lines approaching the antemedial lines
below the cell; a very oblique dark and yellow line acutely angled
Fig. 33.—Apha subdives, 3. }.
below the apex and irregularly waved below the costa; outer area
yellow, with two waved submarginal lines. Hind wing with traces
of antemedial waved lines ; an oblique medial line; a doubly den-
tate submarginal line formed like a series of the letter “ W.”
Underside much more brilliantly coloured.
Q@. Paler and yellower.
Hab. Khasis ; Sylhet; Nagas. Ewp., dg 72, 9 86 millim.
52 BHUPTEROTID &.
63. Apha floralis, Bul. Ill. Het. v, p. 64, pl. 94, figs. 5, 6; C. §& S.
no. 1542.
3. Differs from subdives in the apex of the fore wing being
much more produced and the costa straighter ; thorax and abdo-
men ochreous, the former with the collar and tegule purplish; the
latter with a rufous tinge. Wings bright yellow; fore wing with
the area before the postmedial line less irregular; the inner sub-
marginal line doubly dentate; the outer margin suffused with
brown ; hind wing with the area before the medial line suffused
with pink, and the line itself bright pink; the submarginal line
reduced to a series of dots on the nervules connected by a faint
waved line. Underside bright chestnut-brown, the outer area
yellow.
2. Without the purple suffusion on the fore wing, and much
more pink suffusion.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., 3 64, 9 74 millim.
Secor. IL. (Prismosticta). Fore wing with vein 8 given off near the
apex; 10 present.
64. Apha fenestrata, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, 1880, p. 68; ¢d. Iu.
Het. vi, pl. 106, fig. 5; C. § S. no. 1107. .
9°. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; thorax with an olive
tinge. Fore wing olive-brown; the costal and outer areas pale ;
two medial indistinct angled brown lines; a brown line on disco-
cellulars ; two oblique postmedial lines, angled below the costa and
waved towards inner margin; apex grey, with a triangular hyaline
patch. Hind wing red-brown ; a line on discocellulars and two
slightly waved postmedial brown lines.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp, 50 millim:
Genus APONA.
Apona, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1762 (1856).
Type, A. cashmirensis, Koll.
Range. N.W. Himalayas, Nilgiris, Shevaroys ; Ceylon.
Palpi slight, porrect, and very hairy. Antenne with the branches
very long and slender in the male, shorter in the female. Legs
with the spurs very long. Fore wing broad, with the outer margin
rounded ; the discocellulars nearly straight; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Hind wing with the discoceliulars angled below vein 5, which is
given off near upper angle of cell; veins 6 and 7 from the angle.
Scr, I. Fore. wing with the apex more or less produced.
65. Apona cashmirensis, Koll. Hiig. Kasch. iv, p. 472, pl. 21, fig. 4;
C. §& S. no. 1349.
Apona pallida, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 763; C. § S. no, 1350.
APONA. 53
3S. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown; shaft of antennz
white. Wings pale red-brown. Fore wing with an indistinct
waved subbasal line; a black spot at end of cell; an oblique medial
lime, with three indistinct waved lines beyond it; a double post-
medial line with the interspace pale; a waved submarginal line,
Fig. 34.—Apona cashmirensis, G. 1}.
the space between it and the postmedial line darker; the nervules
dark from the medial to submarginal line. Hind wing with no
subbasal line; the other lines curved. Cilia of both wings dark.
2. Pale greyish white; the markings as in male.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. Hwp., ¢ 114, 2 96 millim.
Secr. II. Fore wing with the apex not produced.
66. Apona plumosa, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1872, p.579; Hmpsn. Ill, Het.
vil, pl. 142, fig. 12; C. & S, no. 1351.
3. Differs from cashmirensis in being darker red-brown. Fore
wing with the medial line curved below the costa ; but faint traces
of the waved lines; the postmedial line whitish inwardly, rufous
outwardly ; the outer area darker, without a waved line, the veins
crossing it rufous. Hind wing with the waved and postmedial
lines almost obsolete ; the outer area dark, without a waved line.
9. The waved medial lines more distinct on both wings; the
postmedial line dark brown.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Exvp., 5 94, 9 102 millim.
67. Apona shevaroyensis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 373 ;
C. & S. no. 1352.
3g. Differs from plumosa in being duller brown ; fore wing with
the antemedial line obsolete; the medial and postmedial lines more
oblique; the waved lines more distinct.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau; Shevaroys; Ceylon. wp. 134 millim.
HA EUPTEROTID&.
Genus EUPTEROTE.
Eupterote, Hrbn. Verz. p. 187 (1818).
Murlida, Moore, Lep. E. I. C. p. 422 (1857).
Brachytera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 95, fig. 1 (1874).
Horanpella, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. p. 143 (1883).
Leptojana, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 68 (1881).
Pachyjana, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 69 (1881).
Spalyria, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 370.
Messata, JW7k. Cat. v, p. 1107 (1855).
Type, #. fabia, Cram.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Sumatra, Java,
Philippines.
Palpi very slight and porrect. Antenne with the branches
moderately long. Legs somewhat hairy. Fore wing broad, the
outer margin rounded; the discocellulars angled below vein 5;
vein 6 stalked with 7, 8, and 9, or from the cell. Hind wing with
the discocellulars angled below vein 5; veins 6 and 7 stalked or
from angle of cell.
Srcr. I. Female without patches of raised scales.
68. Eupterote undata, Blanch., Jacq. Voy. Inde, Zool. Ins. p. 28, pl. 1,
fie. 8; C. § S. no. 1410.
Dreata undifera, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 904.
Eupterote nigricans, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 865; C. & S.
no. 1397.
Eupterote diabolica, Swink. P. ZS. 1885, p. 303; C. § S. no. 1881.
Eupterote hirsuta, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 139.
Eupterote variegata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc, 1884, p. 562; C. §& S.
no. 1411.
Eupterote sinuata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 363; C. §& S.
no. 1404.
Eupterote caliginosa, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 867; C.§& S.
no. 1572.
Eupterote subdita, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 861; C. § 8.
no. 1405.
Eupterote vinosa, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 361; C. & 8.
no. 1412.
Eupterote affinis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 369; C. § S.
no. 1568.
Eupterote cupreipennis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 361;
C. & S. no. 1379.
Eupterote invalida, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 68, pl. 97, figs. 3,4; C.§ S.
no, 1591.
Eupterote persimilis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 568; C. § 8.
no. 1401.
Dreata taooensis, Moore, P. Z. .S. 1878, p. 848, pl. 53, fig. 7; CGS.
no. 1407.
Eupterote similis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 569; C. § S.
no. 1403. _
Eupterote castanoptera, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 365:
C.§ S. no. 1374.
Eupterote cinnamomea, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 368;
C.§ S. no. 1375.
EUPTEROTE. 5)
EKupterote consimilis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 364; C. gS.
no. 1377.
Kupterote dissimilis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 368; C. & S.
no. 1884,
Eupterote assimilis, Moore (dissimilis misprint), Trans. Ent. Soc.
1884, p. 363.
Eupterote griseipennis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 362; C.§S.
no, 1386
Dreata imbecilis, Wik. Cat. iv, p.905 ; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 97, fig. 2 ;
C. & S. no. 1389.
EKupterote ignavus, Swinh. P. ZS. 1886, p. 440; C. § S. no. 1588.
Eupterote suffusa, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 362; C. & S.
no. 1406.
Eupterote fraterna, Moore, P. ZS. 1888, p. 406; Butl. Ill. Het. vii,
pl. 123, fig. 1; C. & S. no. 1385 a.
EKupterote decorata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 869; C. & S.
no. 1580.
Fore wing with eight indistinct waved lines, any or all of which
may become obsolete, this occurring in similarly coloured specimens
from the same locality ; two postmedial lines which are always
present, with a highly waved line beyond them ; some forms have
three dark spots below the costa between the postmedial and waved
lines and two towards inner margin. Hind wing without lines on
basal area ; five waved lines before the two postmedial lines ; some
spots between the postmedial and waved lines, which may be obso-
lete or become a complete series.
The form nigricans=diabolica, from Jubbulpore, Saugor, Bel-
gaum (¢ 110 millim.), is the darkest ; umber-brown, with all the
lines and spots inside the waved line present.
Sinuata, from the Himalayas (¢ 116 millim.), has the ground-
colour paler umber-brown, especially between the postmedial and
waved lines ; the markings similar.
Undata=undifera=vinosa=affinis, from Jubbulpore and Sikhim
(3g 94-102, 2 106 millim.), has a slightly redder tinge, the collar
in some specimens yellowish; female with the ground-colour
redder or yellowish.
Caliginosa, from Jubbulpore( ¢ 82 millim.),is dusky brown, the
submarginal spots well defined.
Subdita, from Jubbulpore ( ¢ 82 millim.), is a small dark red-
brown form, the collar yellowish.
Hirsuta, from Khandalla (3 110 millim.), has the collar yellow,
wings with the ground-colour yellow and much suffused with reddish
umber so as to obscure the waved lines; the spot near inner margin
of fore wing black and conspicuous.
Variegata, from Jubbulpore (3 92 millim.), is redder in tone,
the spot indistinct.
Cupreipennis, from Madras (¢ and 2 110 millim.), is nearest
undata, but has a reddish-coppery tinge; the male has a large
black patch on the middle of the costa of the fore wing; the
female paler, with the markings rather indistinct.
Invalida = taoovensis=imbecilis= cinnamomea = similis = consimilis
56 EUPTEROTID 2.
=castanoptera=persimilis, from throughout India and Burma
(3 78, 2 90 millim.), is paler cinnamon-brown, with no spots in-
side the waved line ; the collar yellowish ; female redder.
Dissimilis = suffusa = ignavus = assimilis = griseipennis, from
N.W. India and Mhow (4 81-94, 2 94 millim.), has spots inside
the waved line.
Fraterna, from Dharmséala (¢ 90 millim.), is pale vinous brown,
with the waved lines obsolescent, except one medial line on fore
wing.
Dorie from the Punjab ( ¢ 92 millim.), has the ground-colour
yellow; the red-brown markings broad and prominent; apex of
fore wing suffused with red-brown.
Hab. Throughout N. India, and as far south as the Nilgiris ;
Burma. Lvp. 74-110 millim.
69. Eupterote fabia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pl. 2508; C.§ S. no. 1385.
Eupterote gyra, Swink. P. Z. 8S. 1885, p. 303; C. § S. no. 1387.
Eupterote alterata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 366; C. & S.
no. 1569.
Eupterote discordans, Buti. Lil. Het. v, p. 66, pl. 96, figs. 6,7; C.§ 8.
no. 1385.
Eupterote mutans, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 904; C. § S. no. 1896.
Eupterote auriflua, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 364; C. & S.
no. 1871.
Eupterote immutata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 366; Cg 8.
no. 1590.
Eupterote permutata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 366; C. § 8.
no. 1400.
Eupterote fasciata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. p. 544, pl. 212, fig. 1.
Eupterote ochripicta, Moore, P.Z. S. 1879, p. 410; Lep. Ceyl. ii.
pl. 156, figs. 1, la, 6 (larva); C. § S.no. 1399.
Eupterote lucia, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xvi, 1885, p. 546, pl. 8, fig. 4;
C. § S. no. 1393.
3. Differs from undata in having the ground-colour bright
yellow.
2 of some forms brown, as in undata, in others suffused with
bright red-brown, in others yellow.
The line drawn between the fabia and undata sets of forms is
purely artificial, and merely for convenience.
The form discordans, from Calcutta ( ¢ 80-94, 9 88 millim.), has
the male bright yellow, the waved lines, postmedial lines, and
outer waved line very prominent ; the yellow may have an olive
tinge, or the head, thorax, abdomen, and base and outer margin of
fore wing may be yellow, whilst the whole medial area is suffused
with umber-brown ; the female is brown, and similar to that sex
of invalida.
Mutans=immutata=permutata=auriflua, from Sikhim, Nepal,
Malabar (¢ 94, 2 106 millim.), is yellow, the waved lines almost
obsolete, the postmedial lines and spots red-brown ; female much
more suffused with red.
BUPTEROTE. a7
Alterata, from Sikbim (3g 112 millim.), is brighter yellow; all
the markings indistinct, except the spots within the waved line of
the fore wing; female brown.
Fig. 35.—LHupterote fabia, 3. }.
Fabia, from Madras (¢ 90 millim.), is chrome-yellow, the waved
lines of both wings obsolescent ; the inner postmedial line very
strongly marked, the spots below the costa of fore wing forming a
blotch ; hind wing with the waved outer line obsolete.
Gyra, from Belgaum (¢ 102 millim.), has the spots towards
inner margin of fore wing and waved outer line of hind wing
present.
Ochripicta=fasciata, from Ceylon ( ¢ 130, 2 116-130 millim.),
has the spots below the costa of fore wing separate; in the female
the colour is mustard-yellow, the waved lines coming out very
strongly red-brown, or both wings may be almost wholly suffused
with bright chestnut, so as to obscure the markings; head, thorax,
and abdomen yellowish brown.
Larva of the form ochripictais dark purplish brown ; dorsal tufts
of long and short hair; lateral and sublateral short tufts; three
paired series of white dots on each somite; a series of red sub-
dorsal spots on 5th to 11th somites.
Cocoon pale brown.
Hab. Sikhim ; throughout N. and S. India; Ceylon. Exp. 90-
130 milim.
70. Eupterote mollifera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 876; C. & S. no. 1894.
Apha flava, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 859; C. § S. no. 1341.
Tagora anthereata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 512.
58 EUPTEROTID A.
Eupterote contaminata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 363;
C. § S. no. 1378.
Eupterote mollis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 367; C. & S.
no. 1595.
Kupterote todara, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 364; C.& S.
no. 1408.
Eupterote rufodisca, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 64, pl. 142, fig. 11.
Kupterote flavia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 64, pl. 142, fig. 10.
EKupterote rectifascia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 65, pl. 142, fig. 4.
Eupterote lativittata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 367; C. § 8.
no. 1392.
Eupterote canaraica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 410; C. § S. no. 1873.
Eupterote nilgirica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 77; C. & S. no. 1398.
Differs from fabia in being smaller, with the ground-colour
always yellow or drab in both sexes, often more or less suffused
with rufous; the fore wing has at most five waved lines within
the double postmedial lines, one of which is often obsolete; the
hind wing three lines at most within the postmedial lines; the
outer waved line and spots within it variable.
The form discrepans=contaminata, from Bombay and Canara
(¢ 84 millim.), has the thorax suffused with rufous; fore wing
with the rufous waved lines obsolete on the disk and inner margin;
neither wing with spots inside the outer waved line, but a rufous
suffusion between it and the outer postmedial line; a rufous spot
on inner margin of hind wing near the base; cilia dark rufous-
brown. .
Mollifera=flava=anthereata=ornata, from the Nilgiris and Cey-
lon (¢ 64, 2 80 millim.), has, in the male, the fore wing more
uniformly suffused with brownish rufous; the spots inside the
outer waved line of both wings present, those towards the costa
of fore wing grey; female yellower, with the grey spots larger and
forming a more complete series.
Mollis=todara, from Bombay and the Nilgiris (¢ 64, 9 72
millim.), has the cilia yellow, the postmedial lines indistinct, the
black spots near inner margin of fore wing prominent, the inner
postmedial line of hind wing nearer the base; its variety rufo-
disca, from the Nilgiris (¢ 68 millim.), has the costa and whole
medial area of fore wing suffused with rufous.
Flavia, from the Nilgiris ( ¢ 72 millim.), is much paler yellow ;
the spots within the outer waved line of both wings dark, not grey;
cilia of fore wing brown below the apex.
Rectifascia, from the Nilgiris ( ¢ 70 millim.), is pale dull brown,
the markings indistinct, except the inner postmedial line of both
wings, which appears as a strong dark line.
Canaraica=lativittata, from Bombay, Canara, and the Nilgiris
(84 millim.), has the male yellow, much suffused with red-brown,
the outer margin of both wings red-brown; female brownish
ochreous, the fore wing with one subbasal, and both wings with one
EUPTEROTE. 59
medial waved line; the postmedial line, the spots, and outer waved
line prominent.
Nilgirica is without the postmedial waved line.
Larva of the form mollifera is whitish speckled with black ;
dorsal tufts of black hairs on each somite arising from a whitish
hump; a dorsal blue-black band; a subdorsal pinkish band tra-
versed by a grey line; a series of small lateral black spots; sub-
lateral area purplish grey with long hairs ; stigmata and legs pink ;
head black.
Hab. Throughout 8. India and Ceylon. wp. 64-84 millim.
71. Eupterote flavicollis, Gauér. Voy. Deless. Hist. Nat. p. 94, pl. 27,
fig. 1; C.§S. no. 1415.
Bombyx collaris, Guér. Voy. Deless, Hist. Nat. p. 95; C. & S.
no. 1414,
Bombyx adolphei, Guér. Voy. Deless. Hist. Nat. p.96; C.& S.
no, 1413.
3. Differs from typical mollifera in the thorax being red-brown.
Fore wing with five or six waved lines before the postmedial line,
which is curved; the grey spots take the form of a complete waved
band and are further from the postmedial line ; between the line and
grey band is a conjoined series of dark spots, those towards inner
margin largest. Hind wing with a single postmedial curved line,
and sometimes medial and outer lines. Underside with medial,
postmedial, and outer waved lines.
©. Reddish brown; the collar not yellow; abdomen brown;
both wings with an indistinct postmedial line; fore wing with the
submarginal grey band -nearly straight.
The form adolphwi is dark brown, the collar yellow, the fore
wing suffused with grey; flavicollis is yellowish grey-brown ;
collaris paler and redder.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Hap., ¢ 60-72, 2 75 millim.
72. Kupterote diffusa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 874; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl 135, fig. 2; C. & S. no. 1389,
3. Differs from mollifera in having the head brown ; the thorax,
abdomen, and wings vary in colour from greyish white to dull
ochreous brown ; the postmedial line single, curved on both wings,
and much nearer the margin; the waved lines fairly distinct or
obsolescent, as are the spots and outer waved line; cilia brown.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 66 millim.
73. Eupterote primularis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, paoGles
C.& S. no. 1421.
3. Differs from diffusa in being very pale primrose-yellow ;
both wings without waved lines near the base; a well-marked
medial line, which is curved and waved on the fore wing, waved
60 EUPTEROTID®.
on the hind wing. Fore wing with the postmedial line yellow-
brown, straight, oblique, and arising from the costa near the apex ;:
the two spots towards inner margin prominent; the outer line
more or less prominent; the costa yellow-brown. Hind wing with
the postmedial line curved, the spots and outer waved line some-
what indistinct.
Hab. Nilgiris, 8. slopes, 3000 feet. Hap. 58 millim,
74, Eupterote geminata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 907; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 187, figs. 2,2a; C. §& S. no. 1419.
? Phaleena petosiris, Cram. Pap. Evot. iv, pl. 397 p; C. & S. no, 1402.
Dreata anada, Moore, Lep. E. I. C. pl. 365; C. & S. no. 1370.
Brachytera phalenaria, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 95, fig. 1; C. & S.
no. 1420,
Horanpella placida, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 148, pl. 187, figs. 1, la;
C. & S. no. 1332.
Dreata lineata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 907; C. & S. no. 1480.
3. Fore wing with a single medial indistinct slightly curved
line ; both wings with a prominent postmedial slightly curved line.
2. Duller, the medial line of fore wing absent.
Typical geminata is bright ochreous yellow; one or two pro-
minent dark spots below the costa of fore wing and two towards
inner margin. Hind wing with similar but less prominent spots.
In anada and phalenaria these spots are absent ; placida is suf-
fused with dull brown, the spots present, but not prominent ; one
2 has the head and thorax fuscous ; lineata has the spots absent.
Hab. N. India; Canara; Ceylon. xp., g¢ 58, 9 66-80
millim.
75. Eupterote minor, Moore; Cotes, Museum Notes, ined.
3. Differs from geminata in the two lines of the fore wing being
more erect and curved below the costa; the two lines of the hind
wing more curved and less oblique. Head yellowish.
The colour varies from pale dull ochreous to pale reddish, the
latter with traces of the submarginal line to both wings.
@. Dark red-brown; the lines of both wings further apart; a
dark spot on the inner line of fore wing at end of cell; cilia grey
at tips.
Hab. Shwebo, Burma. Evxp., 5 46-55, 9 50 millim.
76. Eupterote lineosa, 77k. Cat. vi, p. 1440; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 96,
fic. 9; C.§ S. no. 1418.
Murlida fraterna, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 371; C.§ 8.
no. 1417.
Fore wing with the postmedial line single, almost straight, and
oblique, with at most five waved lines before it; the two spots
beyond it towards costa and two towards inner margin generally
present ; the outer waved line indistinct.
EUPTEROTE. — 61
The colour varies from pale primrose-yellow to bright ochreous
yellow.
Hab, Nepal; Sikhim; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hxp., g 70-82, 2
85-90 millim.
77. Eupterote undans, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 905; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 97,
fic. 6; C. & S. no, 1409.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown; wings grey-
brown irrorated with dark scales. Fore wing with six highly
waved lines. Hind wing with three nearly straight indistinct lines
and a highly waved submarginal line.
Hab. Mahableshwar; Bangalore; Assam; Nilgiris. wp.
60 millim.
78. Eupterote testacea, Wik. Cat. iv, p.906; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 97,
fic. 1; C.& S. no. 1416.
Head and thorax fulvous yellow; abdomen and wings pale
ochreous yellow. Fore wing crossed by two antemedial and two
medial, nearly straight indistinct dark lines ; a double postmedial
similar line, the inner line well defined; a waved submarginal
line ; the basal and outer areas irrorated with dark scales. Hind
wing with an antemedial line ; a double postimedial line ; a diffused
submarginal curved line.
Hab. Cachar; Sylhet; Khasis; Bernardmyo, Burma. Lzyp.,
3 68, 2 86 millim.
79. Eupterote translata, Swink. P. ZS. 1885, p. 304, pl. 21, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 1434.
3. Differs from testacea in being pale ochreous brown. Fore
wing with antemedial, medial, and postmedial indistinct lines ; the
prominent postmedial line single ; the submarginal line nearer the
margin. Hind wing without the antemedial line; the postmedial
line single and straighter; the submarginal line better defined.
Hab. Satara; Poona; Nilgiris. Hxp. 54 millim.
80. Eupterote flavida, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 372; C. § S.
no. 1428,
Messata acinea, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 141.
Colour yellow, in typical flavida with a slight ruddy tinge.
Fore wing crossed by three slightly curved oblique bands of
blackish scales from near the apex to inner margin, towards which
they diverge ; the middle band often obsolete.
Hab. N. Canara; Khandala; Nilgiris. vp. 74 millim.
81. Eupterote plumipes, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 907; C. § S. no. 1431;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 133, fig. 5.
Messata rubiginosa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1108.
Messata quadrifasciata, Moore, P. Z. 8.1879, p. 409; C. § 8. no. 1432.
eee sae, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 189, pl. 188, fig. 4; C. § 8.
no. 1435,
62 EUPTEROTID &.
3. Fore wing with three indistinct waved medial bands; an
oblique dark band from apex to centre of inner margin; a sub-
marginal indistinct band. Hind wing with traces of medial and
submarginal bands in some specimens.
2. Fore wing with the medial waved lines and submarginal line
very indistinct.
The colour in typical plwmipes is reddish brown, in the female
very dark vinous brown; in the form quadrifasciata brownish
ochreous, in similis and cenescens yellow.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., 3 64, 9 70 millim.
82. Eupterote vialis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 409; id. Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 134, fig. 4; C.§ S. no. 14386.
3. Differs from plumipesin the hairs of the thorax being tipped
with yellow. Fore wing without the medial and submarginal lines ;
the oblique band inwardly dark brown, outwardly yellow.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 71 millim.
Sror. II. Female with patches of raised scales at outer angle of
fore wing on underside and at apex of hind wing on upper-
side.
83. Eupterote citrina, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 905; C. & S. no. 1876.
g. Antenne rufous; head, collar, and prothorax fuscous ; meso-
and metathorax pale yellowish white; abdomen pale reddish
brown clothed with yellow hair; wings uniform pale yellowish
white.
Q. Antenne, head, and thorax yellowish white ; the patches of
raised scales ochreous.
Hab. Deccan; Bombay ; Central India, and ?Sikhim. Lap.,
3 84, 2 50-86 millim.
84. Eupterote unicolor, Hmpsn. Til. Het. viii, p. 65, pl. 142, fie. 8.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Wings vinous red-
brown ; an almost obsolete postmedial line, curved below the costa,
and with traces of some spots beyond it; the abdomen and costa of
hind wing sometimes yellowish.
9°. Paler; fore wing with antemedial and medial lines curved
below the costa; both wings with the postmedial line, but no spots
beyond ; the patches of raised scales vinous.
Hab. Madras; Nilgiris. Exp., $ 72, 2 68 millim.
Genus NISAGA.
Nisaga, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 885 (1855).
Type, WV. simplex, W1k.
Range. Assam and throughout 8, India,
NISAGA.—SANGATISSA. 63
Palpi very thickly clothed with hair, slight and porrect. Antenne
with the branches very long in male. Fore wing short and broad,
the outer margin rounded; the discocellulars angled below vein 5,
which is given off near the angle of cell, 11 arising some way before
veins 7, 8,9, which are stalked. Hind wing with the discocellulars
angled below vein 5; veins 6 and 7 stalked.
85. Nisaga simplex, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 885; C. § S. no. 1438.
Nisaga modesta, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 873; C. & S.
no. 1437.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown. Fore wing
whitish, yellowish, or reddish brown; the interspaces with very
Fig. 36.—Msaga simpler, $. }.
broad dark red-brown streaks, which may be partially or (in the
form modesta) quite obsolete.
Hab. Khasi Hills; throughout 8. India, Evp. 42-50 millim.
Genus SANGATISSA.
Sangatissa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 143 (1883).
Type, S. subcurvifera, W1k.
Range. N.W. Himalayas; throughout S. India and Ceylon ;
Yunnan.
Palpi slight, porrect, and thickly clothed with hair. Antenne
with the branches very long in the male, short in female. Fore
wing produced at apex, the outer angle rounded ; the discocellulars
angled below vein 5, which is given off just below the angle ; vein 6
stalked with 7, 8, 9, or from the angle, vein 11 arising some way
before the angle. Hind wing narrow; the discocellulars angled
below vein 5; veins 6 and 7 stalked.
86. Sangatissa subcurvifera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 375; C. § S. no.
1424; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 184, fig. 6.
Sangatissa albipars, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 8372; C. § S.
no. 1422.
64 EUPTEROTID ®.
Dreata triseriata, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 393; C. & S. no. 1425,
Dreata citrinula, Wik. Cat. xxxu, p. 376; C. § S. no. 1423.
Nisaga teta, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 149.
$. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Wings whitish
brown. Fore wing with three blackish curved bands—one from the
Fig. 37.—Sangatissa subcurvifera, 3. 1.
base to near apex, one from base of inner margin to apex, the other
on outer margin. Hind wing with submarginal and marginal!
bands ; all these bands are interrupted at the veins.
© browner.
The variety albipars has the bands obsolescent; the form ¢r7-
seriata, from the Pulney Hills, is much yellower incolour; whilst
citrinula=teta is yellow, with the bands obsolete except a trace
of the upper one.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; throughout 8. India and Ceylon; Yunnan.
Exp. 60 millim.
Genus CNETHOCAMPA.
Cnethocampa, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 46 (1829).
Type, C. processionea, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; N. India.
Palpi minute, hairy, and porrect; frons with a large corneous
ridge hollowed out in front; antenne bipectinated in both sexes,
the branches stiff and longer in the male than in the female ; legs
hairy, mid and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs ;
abdomen of female with a large anal tuft. Fore wing with the
apex rather produced upwards; vein 5 from the centre of disco-
cellulars; 6 from angle of cell; 7, 8, 9,10 stalked. Hind wing
with veins 3 and 4 stalked, 5 from the centre of discocellulars,
6 and 7 stalked.
87. Cnethocampa cheela, Moore, P. Z..S. 1883, p. 18, pl. v, figs. 3,
Sa; C. & S. no. 1045.
3d. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale and dark brown ; antenne
SPHINGID &. 65
ochreous. Fore wing grey, with afew dark hairs ; subbasal, medial,
and postmedial slightly irregular black lines edged with orange,
Fig. 38.—Cnethocampa cheela, 8. {-
the medial line externally, the other two internally. Hind wing
pale grey.
@. Abdomen red-brown, the anal tuft dark brown.
Hab. Simla. Exp., 5 34, 2 38 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian are omitted.
Apha lanuginosa, Wlk., C. & S. no. 1343. Type lost, deserip-
tion unrecognizable.
Messata tristis, Feld., C. & 8. no. 1435, is from S. Africa.
Family SPHINGID/.
Diurnal or crepuscular Lepidoptera with powerful flight, which
feed on the wing ; characterized by the antenne being gradually
thickened into a club, which is pointed at the tip, and nearly
always hooked, with a small tuft of hair at the extremity: in the
males of nearly all the genera there are bands of cilia on the under
surface. Palpi very thickly scaled, the third joint minute and
buried in the scales. Legs strong, with well-developed spurs and
spined tarsi. Fore wing elongated and narrow; the subcostals
very close to the costa; vein 1 forked at base. Hind wing small ;
costal nervure arising free, with a bar between it and subcostals ;
two internal veins. The subfamilies and genera are very closely
allied and difficult to define; the shape and coloration are emi-
nently variable.
Larva smooth, nearly always with a horn on 11th somite.
Pupa free in the earth.
Key to the Subfamilies.
a. Larva: tapering to head, the thoracic
somites retractile; horn long, curved and
tuberculate.
Imago: the proboscis very short and thick. 1. Acherontiine.
VOL. I. F
66 SPHINGID &.
b. Larva : rugose, tapering to head, which is
produced upwards; horn straight.
Imago: the proboscis very short and slight. 2. Smerinthine.
ce. Imago: the proboscis of moderate length.
a’. Larva: tapering to head, which is larger
and rounded ; horn straight.
Imago: the apex of fore wing much pro-
duced; ¢$ with small lateral expansions
tovabdomien sea enyri cetera: ee eee 3. Ambulycine.
b’.. Larva: the thoracic somites retractile,
the 3rd more or less swollen; horn
variable.
Imago: apex of fore wing but slightly
produced; ¢ with small lateral expan-
slons| to abd omenmaeeae =e ies ei 4. Cherocampine.
d. Larva: the thoracic somites non-retractile,
curved downwards in repose.
Imago: the proboscis very long; abdomen
conicalsimebothisexesits jeri same 5. Sphingine.
e. Larva: the thoracic somites tapering to
head, which is small; horn long, curved,
and smooth.
Imago: abdomen with a medial pair of
lateral tufts of hair on last segment more
or less developed in both sexes ........ 6. Macroglossine.
Subfamily ACHERONTIIN &.
Larva thick, tapering to head, the thoracic somites retractile ;
the horn more or less recurved at the tip and tuberculate.
Fig. 39.—Larva of Acherontia styx. (From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. pl. 76.)
Pupa without external sheath for proboscis.
Imago with the proboscis short and thick; the antenne thick
at base. ,
——"
ACHERONTIA. 67
Genus ACHERONTIA.
Acherontia, Ochsen. Schmett. Eur. iv, p. 44 (1816).
Type, A. atropos, L., from Europe.
Range. India; Java; China; Japan; Philippines; Europe;
Africa.
Palpi closely appressed to the face and but moderately thick ;
legs short and thick. Hind wing with the subcostals stalked.
88. Acherontia styx, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 88, pl. 42, fig. 3; C. § 8.
no. 164; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 76, figs. 1, 1 a—e (pupa and larva).
Acherontia medusa, Butl. Trans. Z. S. ix, p. 597; C. & S. no. 165.
Head brown; thorax dark blue-grey, with black lateral lines
which meet behind ; the centre of the thorax occupied by a fulvous
“ skull-mark” with two black “eyes”; abdomen yellow, with
blackish segmental bands and a blue-grey stripe down the vertex.
Fore wing mottled with various shades of brown, fulvous. and
grey ; three indistinct antemedial lines; a pale spot in the end of
cell; two lunulate curved postmedial lines. Hind wing yellow
Fig. 40.-—Acherontia styr, g. }.
with a postmedial black band not reaching the costa or anal angle ;
a similar submarginal maculate band.
Differs from A. atropos in having two medial bands on the
underside of the fore wing instead of one, and no bands on the
underside of abdomen.
Larva green, with oblique lateral yellow streaks on somites 4-10.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Asia Minor ; China; Siam ;
Borneo; Celebes; Timor; Philippines; Japan. wp. 106 millim.
89. Acherontia lachesis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 434.
Acherontia morta, Hiibn. Verz. p. 140; C. §& S. no. 166; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl, ii, pl. 77, figs. 1, 1 a-e (larva and pupa).
Acherontia satanas, Boisd. Sp. Gén. pl. 16, fig. 1.
Acherontia lethe, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 87, pl. 42, fig. 2.
EF 2
68 SPHINGID &.
Larger and much darker than stya; the segmental bands and
grey stripe occupying so much of the abdomen that only small
patches of yellow are left. Hind wing with a large black patch
at the base ; the medial and postmedial bands so broad that only
narrow bands of yellow remain. Underside of abdomen banded
with black; and the wings banded with black and with a spot in
the cell of each.
Larva differs from styv in having blue streaks above the yellow
ones; before pupating it turns brown and the oblique streaks
disappear.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Siam; Penang; Java;
China. Ewp. 92-134 millim.
Subfamily SMERINTHIN &.
Larva rugose, tapering to the head, which is more or less produced
to a point above; horn straight.
Imago with the proboscis very short and thin; head projecting
but slightly forward.
Fig. 41.—Larva of Polyptychus dyras. (From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. pl. 78.)
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing with outer margin crenulate or
angled.
a’, The apex acute.
Gaeel pieroUndeds vestry eels 1. Potyprycuvs, p. 68.
6?. Palpi thin and flattened .......... 2, CyPAy pods
6’. Fore wing with apex rounded, spatulate
scales on thorax and abdomen; ¢ with
claspers highly developed ........ . 4, Laneta, p. 73.
6. Fore wing with outer margin evenly
rounded.
a’. Apex acute; spurslong ............ 5. LEUCOPHLEBIA, p. 74.
b'. Apex truncate; spurs short, one pair on
hind tibiae lea eae ee etre 3. DAPHNUSA, p. 72.
Genus POLYPTYCHUS.
Polyptychus, Miibn. Verz. p. 141 (1818).
Marumba, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. p. 8 (1882).
Type, P. dentatus, Cram.
POLYPTYCHUS. 69
Range. Japan; China; throughout India and Ceylon; Java;
Madagascar; S. Africa; United States.
Palpi rather slight; legs with the spurs short; wings with the
outer margins crenulate, varying in amount individually ; veins
6 and 7 of hind wing from end of cell or stalked.
90. Polyptychus dentatus, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 42, pl. 125 «;
C. §& S. no. 182; Butl. Tr. Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 91, fig. 10 (larva).
Sphinx timesius, Stoll, Suppl. Cram. Pap. Exot. p. 172; C.§ S.
no. 133.
Polyptychus trilineatus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 890; But. Ill.
Het. vii, pl. 121, fig. 4; C. & 8. no. 183 a.
Sphinx modesta, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 356.
Grey; fore wing with a diffused medial band; oblique ante-
medial, postmedial, and submarginal lines, the last curved in some
specimens ; between the postmedial and submarginal lines is an
indistinct waved line; apical area clouded. Hind wing with a
waved postmedial line. Cilia chequered brown and white. Under-
side : fore wing with submarginal, hind wing with medial and sub-
marginal lines.
The form timesius is darker, with the waved line on the fore
wing obsolescent. In the form trilineatus the postmedial line of
the fore wing is also obsolete, and on the underside only the sub-
marginal line on each wing is present.
Larva green, with yellow marks down the back outlined in
pink; oblique dark lateral stripes ; horn yellow.
Hab. Bombay; Bengal (dentatus); EH. Himalayas (temesius) ;
N.W. Himalayas (trilineatus). Hwp., ¢ 90, 9 120 millim.
91. Polyptychus dyras, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 250; C. § S.no140; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 78, figs. 1, 1 a-c (larva and pupa).
Triptogon cristata, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 253; C. § S. no, 136.
Triptogon gigas, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 253; C. & S. no. 187.
Triptogon albicans, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 254; C. § S. no. 139.
Triptogon ceylanica, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 255; C. & S. no, 141.
Triptogon silhetensis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 255; C. & S, no. 142.
Triptogon oriens, Butl, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 255; C. & S. no. 143.
Triptogon massurensis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 256; C. & S. no. 144.
Triptogon fuscescens, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 256; C. & S. no. 145.
Treptogon piceipennis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 393.
Smerinthus sperchius, Mén. En. Corp. An. Mus. Acad. Sci. Petrap.
ii, p. 187.
Teeter andamana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 595; C.§ S. no. 148.
Triptogon rectilinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 388; C. § S. no. 149.
Smerinthus indicus, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 254; C.& S. no. 150.
Triptogon sinensis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 254.
Triptogon javanica, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 254.
Pale brown; a dark line, which is obsolete in some specimens,
from head to end of abdomen. Fore wing with a subbasal line ;
three antemedial lines converging towards inner margin; two
70 SPHINGID &.
oblique slightly bent postmedial lines, the outer one obsolescent ;
another postmedial line, curved from the costa to vein 2, then
recurved upwards and inwards and enclosing a red-brown spot
surrounded by an indistinct line; two curved submarginal lines.
Fig. 42.—Polyptychus dyras, 3. }.
Hind wing red-brown, the area at anal angle paler, with two red-
brown spots on it. Underside of fore wing with only the lines
on the outer half present ; hind wing with two postmedial straight»
lines and two submarginal curved lines.
The darkest form is cristata from Sikhim, in which both wings
are suffused with brown and the lines on the fore wing are
straighter and more oblique, the uppermost of the anal spots on
the hind wing is obsolete, as aiso is the outermost of the two
postmedial lines on the underside of both wings; in picetpennis,
from Japan, the fore wings have an olive tinge and the lines are :
more bent, the hind wing is dark, but both anal spots are present
as also traces of the outer postmedial line; rectilinea is a small
dark form with the spots at anal angle conjoined ; ceylanica =
fuscescens = oriens = silhetensis is larger than the last and rather
paler ; in sperchius, from Japan, the fore wing is clouded in parts ;
gigas is a large form, the fore wing pale, the hind wing dark ;
dyras = sinensis = javanica is again rather paler and smaller ; 3
indicus isa small pale starved specimen; the palest form albicans,
from the N.W. Himalayas, has the spots at the anal angle, and in
some specimens the lines, almost obsolete.
Exp. 94-114 millim., (gigas) 150 millim., (¢rdicus) 60 millim.
Larva blue-green with short white granular spines; lateral
oblique streaks on 5th—10th somites; 4th somite with a black-
ringed white ocellus; horn yellow.
POLYPTYCHUS.—CYPA. el:
Hab. N.W. and EH. Himalayas; Assam; Canara; Ceylon;
Andamans; Japan; China; Siam; Java.
92. Polyptychus spectabilis, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 256; Trans. Zool.
Soc. ix, pl. 93, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 147.
3. Differs from dyras in the fore wing being variegated with
different shades of brown and purplish grey ; the lines are similar
except that there is a medial line present enclosing between it
and the first postmedial line a bright coloured patch very variable
in extent. Underside with the area before the apex of the fore
wing suffused with pink and grey; the apex and outer angle
fulvous yellow instead of chocolate ; hind wing suffused with pink
and grey, the anal angle yellow.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap, 94-120 millim.
Genus CYPA.
Cypa, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 41 (1864).
Type, C. ferruginea, Wk.
Range. Sikhim; Tavoy ; Ceylon.
The palpi flattened and thin; hind wing with the subcostals
on a long stalk.
93. Cypa decorata, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1872, p. 568; C.§ 8. no. 146.
@. Dark olive-brown. Fore wing with the outer margin highly
excised between veins 4and 7, and much angulated towards outer
angle; suffused with pale pink; a large irregular medial brown
patch bordered with pink on the costa and partly including a pale
reniform spot, beneath which is a dark brown ‘“ inverted-comma ”
shaped mark; two curved postmedial pink lines, the inner one
waved near the inner margin; some diffused brown streaks near
outer angle; a triangular brown-edged patch on the costa before
the apex, with a short white streak below it. Hind wing with a
broad black and narrow pink streak near anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 72 millim.
94. Cypa decolor, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 255; C. & 8. no. 131.
Cypa incongruens, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 12, pl. 80,
figs. 8,9; C.& S. no. 77.
Fore wing highly angled and crenulate.
Dark red-brown; the fore wing suffused
with darker patches, especially at the middle;
a dark speck at end of cell, and two indis-
tinct submarginal waved lines. Hind wing
with the cilia white towards anal angle,
which is less produced in the female than
in the male.
Cypa a Z een Hab. Sikhim; Tavoy. Hap. 62 millim.
72 SPHINGID &.
95. Cypa ferruginea, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p.42; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 79, tig. 3; C.§ S. no. 78.
Fore wing with the outer margin hardly angulated or crenulate
and more uniform in colour.
C. decolor and ferruginea may prove to be varieties of the same
species.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 2 60 millim.
96. Cypa floralis, Butl. Trans. Z S. ix, p. 639; Ill. Het. v, pl. 81,
fig. 1; C.§ S. no. 188.
Antenne pink; head and thorax green; abdomen olive. Fore
wing with outer margin evenly curved, green with a pink patch on
base of inner margin; an oblique postmedial dark line; some
brown on the nervules beyond the cell and at outer angle. Hind
wing bright pink; the outer margin broadly olive; cilia whitish
towards anal angle. Underside green; fore wing with the whole
basal half except the costa pink, an indistinct line beyond the cell
from the costa to vein 5, an oblique white and green postmedial
line, an indistinct submarginal lunulate line; hind wing crossed
by three oblique white and green lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 9 114 millim.
Genus DAPHNUSA.
Daphnusa, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 237 (1856).
Type, D. ocellaris, Wk.
Range. Sikhim ; Burma; Borneo.
The apex of fore wing more rounded and truncate; the outer
margin straight and but slightly oblique ; hind wing with the apex
rounded; the anal angle with a rounded lobe; the outer margin
not crenulate; the tuft on vertex of head highly developed.
Spurs very short, hind tibize with only the terminal pair.
Szor. I. Veins 6 and 7 of hind wing on a long footstalk.
97. Daphnusa ocellaris, 17k. Cat. viii, p. 238.
Daphnusa orbifera, W7k. Journ. Linn. Soe. vi, p. 85.
6. Pale reddish brown or dark olive-brown; collar and vertex
of thorax darker. Fore wing with two waved subbasal lines
angled outwards at vein 1, where they join an oblique antemedial
band; a crenulated postmedial band with a large pale spot on it
at inner margin, the inner side haying some red dentate marks
on it; two crenulated submarginal lines; a chestnut patch on
the costa before apex. Hind wing red-brown, with some bright
chestnut lines above anal angle. Underside: fore wing with
moO
49
DAPHNUSA.—LANGIA.
two crenulated submarginal lines; hind wing with curved medial
and postmedial lines.
2. Darker brown; a dark brown band on metathorax.
Hab. Borneo; Bassein, Burma. Hwp., ¢ 80-92, 9 112 millim.
Secor. II. Veins 6 and 7 of hind wing from end of cell.
98. Daphnusa porphyria, Buti. Trans. Z. S.
ix, p. 640; C.g S.no. 152.
Brown ; fore wing variegated with ferru-
ginous and olive-brown ; a dark patch below
the end of the cell; another at apex en-
closed by a white lunule with a dark streak
below it; a spot near outer angle. Hind
wing brown, with a dark spot above the lobe
at anal angle. Underside with a submar-
ginal pale line to both wings; the apex of
= fore wing dark, with the apical lunule as
Fig. 44. above.
Daphnusa porphyria,3.%- Hab. Sikhim. Exp. g 60 millim.
Genus LANGIA.
Langia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 567.
Type, L. zenzeroides, Moore.
Range. Himalayas and Khasi Hills.
Palpi rounded. Fore wing with the apex more rounded; the
outer margin much more crenulate towards outer angle; the
thorax, abdomen, and parts of fore wing covered with peculiar
spatulate scales, giving a very rough appearance; male with the
claspers extremely developed; subcostals of hind wing from end
of cell.
99. Langia zenzeroides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 567; C. § S.no. 134.
Langia khasiana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 568; C. & S. no. 135.
Head pale; thorax—the vertex leaden with some ochreous
lines, the sides dark brown; metathorax covered with light and
dark brown spatulate scales, as is also the abdomen. Fore wing
with the costal area leaden grey, whitish below the cell, dark grey
towards inner and outer margins; three very oblique dark lines
from the apex to near centre of inner margin; a whitish submar-
ginal line; outer margin with light and dark lunules in the
crenulations. Hind wing brown, with some dark brown and
whitish lines near anal angle; a marginal dark line; cilia whitish
towards anal angle.
The form khasiana is slightly darker.
Larva. Green, covered with raised tubercles ; a subdorsal line of
tubercles from the head to the horn.
74 SPHINGID A.
Hab. Simla; Dharmsala; Sikhim; Khdsis. Zep. 126-160
millim.
Fig. 45.—Langia zenzeroides, 3. 4.
Genus LEUCOPHLEBIA.
Leucophlebia, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 46 (1848).
Type, L. lineata, Westw.
Range. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Java; China.
Fore wing with the apex hardly produced; the outer margin
evenly rounded. Palpi rounded.
100. Leucophlebia lineata, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 46, pl. 22, fig. 2
C. § S. no. 158; Moore, Lep. Mus. E. I. C. pl. 8, fig. 5 (larva).
Leucophlebia rosacea, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 15, pl. 2, fig. 4; C&S.
no. 154.
Palpi and frons brown; antenne
ochreous ; vertex of head and sides of
thorax and abdomen pale pink; a
brownish ochreous stripe on vertex
of thorax and abdomen. Fore wing
bright pik; a yellow stripe from the
base of cell to apex, widest beyond the
cell; a short narrow yellow streak
in the interno-median interspace from
the base; veins 2, 3, and 4 white,
with some diffused fuscous below
Fig. 46. them. Hind wing tawny. Cilia yel-
Leucophlebia lineata, . }. lowish white.
LEUCOPHLEBIA. 75
The form rosacea, from 8S. India and Ceylon, is rather smaller
and darker than typical lineata.
Larva green covered with tubercles; a broad white lateral
ae head white, with a pink streak on gule; horn and legs
pink.
Hab. Chekiang; Nepal; Cachar; S. India; Ceylon; Java.
Exp., § 70, 2 80 millim.
101. Leucophlebia emittens, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1858; C. § S. no. 156.
Leucophlebia bicolor, Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1875, p. 16; td. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 80, fig. 6; C.§ S. no. 155.
Leucophlebia damascena, Buti. P. Z, 8. 1875, p. 392; ed. Ill. Het.
Vip SOh ised Cr Gus. nor 157.
Differs from lineata in the palpi and frons being pink; fore
wing with the yellow streak broader and extending below the cell ;
veins 2, 3, and 4 yellow, without fuscous below them; outer
margin of hind wing narrowly pink; thorax with a narrow tawny
streak on vertex.
The type of emittens has all the pink parts dusky brown, but as
the pink reappears below it is probably a discoloured specimen ;
the N.W. Himalayan form bicolor is paler than the form damascena.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Bombay; Central India;
Burma. Lap. 55-65 millim.
Subfamily AMBULYCIN 4.
Larva. Anterior segments tapering slightly towards the head,
which is larger and rounded; horu oblique, not curved.
Imago. Probescis moderately long ; antennz slender ; abdomen
of male with lateral angular expansions.
Fig. 47.—Larva of Ambulyx semifervens. (From Moore, Lep. Ceyl pl. 80.)
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing with apex rounded and obtuse ...._ 1. CALYMNIA, p. 76,
6. Fore wing with apex acute ............+... 2. AMBULYX, p. 77.
76 SPHINGID®,
Genus CALYMNIA.
Calymnia, W/k. Cat. viii, p. 128 (1856).
Type, C. panopus, Cram.
Range. India; Ceylon; Java.
Antenne gradually diminishing to a long hook. Fore wing
long, the costa curved, apex rounded and obtuse, the outer margin
oblique and excised; the subcostals of hind wing from the angle
of cell; the discocellulars but slightly angled.
102. Calymnia panopus, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, p. 50; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 81, figs. 1, 1 a, 1 6 (pupa and larva); C. & S. no. 186.
Calymnia pavonica, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 596; C. & S. no. 187.
Head, thorax, and terminal segments of abdomen golden brown ;
the proximal segments pale. Fore wing purplish flesh-colour ;
some brown wayed lines near the base; then an oblique band ;
some waved brown lines from the costa to lower angle of cell; an
oblique postmedial band; a highly waved and irregular whitish
submarginal line; a dark ocellus near outer angle. Hind wing
flesh-colour, the outer area brown; the disk suffused with pink ;
antemedial, medial, and two postmedial lines, the last two angled
below the costa. Underside much mottled with yellow.
Fig. 48.—Calymnia panopus, g. }-
The Andaman and Burmese form pavonica is much darker,
especially the basal segments of the abdomen.
Larva grey and granulose, with a subdorsal yellow spotted line
from the head to the horn; the 4th to 10th somites with oblique
yellow lateral stripes ; horn tuberculate.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, Burma, and the Andamans.
Exp., ¢ 132, 2 134 millim.
AMBULYX. WE
Genus AMBULYX.
Ambulyx, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 61 (1848).
Dahira, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 390.
Clanis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 188 (1818), gen. non descr.
Type, A. substrigilis, Westw.
Range. India; Japan; Africa; W. Indies; 8. America.
The apex of fore wing more acute, the outer margin evenly
curved.
103. Ambulyx substrigilis, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 61, pl. 30, fig. 2;
C. §& S. no. 118.
Ambulyx schanffelbergii, Brem. Schmett. Nord. Chin. p. 12.
Ambulyx maculifera, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1851; Butl. lll. Het. v,
pl. 80, fig. 38; C. § S. no. 119.
Ambulyx consanguis, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 11, pl. 80, fig. 4; C.g¢ S.
no. 120.
Ambulyx liturata, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 250; td. Tr. Zool. Soc. ix,
pl. 91, figs. 2 & 3 (larva and pupa).
Ambulyx rhodoptera, Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1875, p. 251; id. Tr. Zool. Soc.
Ix plo, Hes) Cages. nolo,
Ambulyx auripennis, Moore, P. Z.S. 1879, p. 388; Lep. Ceyl. ii.
pl. 79, figs. 1, 1a, 16 (larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 128.
Ambulyx placida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 890; Butl. Ill. Het. vii,
Pll icles CGS) no; 127k.
Ambulyx sericeipennis, Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1875, p. 251; C. § S.
no, 122.
The hind wing crenulate. Pale ochreous or greyish brown to
purplish brown in colour; an olive-green band between the
antenns ; Jateral olive-green bands on the thorax meeting on
metathorax ; abdomen with two olive blotches on the fifth seg-
ment, and one on the seventh in some specimens; sides of palpi
Fig. 49.—Ambulyx substrigilis, Q. 4.
and pectus ferruginous; some specimens with a ferruginous line
down the vertex of abdomen. Fore wing with a basal olive speck ;
a subbasal olive blotch on the costa, and another below the median
us SPHINGID ®.
nervure, the former being obsolete in some of the forms; two
irregularly dentate, more or less obsolete antemedial lines, and two
similar lunulate postmedial lines; a curved band from apex to
outer angle, the inner part of which is light, the outer dark.
Hind wing ochreous, mottled with fuscous ; an erect medial, and
curved more or less lunulate postmedial band; some specimens
with the anal half of the margin dark.
One Burmese specimen is greyish, the olive markings on thorax
and at base of fore wing very prominent, the waved lines well
defined. The next palest form placida is greyish, with the mark-
ings of fore wing ill-defined ; awrzpennis is ochreous ; rhodoptera has
a reddish tinge; in substrigilis = sericeipennis = schauffelbergri the
markings are more prominent; liturata has a purplish tinge with
streaks on the nervules; in consanguis the costal olive blotch is
present, and there is an olive blotch near outer angle; whilst
maculifera is the darkest form, being purple-brown in colour.
Larva pale green with darker granular spots; a white dorso-
lateral line; pale yellow oblique streaks on 5th to 10th somites ;
horn purple, with white granular spots.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Assam; Silhet; Ceylon.
Exp., § 100, 2 130 millim.
104. Ambulyx semifervens, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 38.
Ambulyx turbata, Buti. Tr. Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 93, fig. 7; C. § &.
no. 124.
Ambulyx thwaitesii, Woore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 11, pl. 80, figs. 1, 1 a,
1 4 (larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 129.
Ambulyx lahora, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 251; C. & S. no. 128.
Ambulyx subocellata, Feld. Revs. Nov. pl. 76, fig. 3.
The lateral olive bands on the thorax much narrower than in
substrigilis. Fore wing with some small grey annular marks
taking the place of the subbasal blotches ; the antemedial lines
much less dentate.
The form semifervens=thwaitesi1 is pale ochreous; turbata=
lahora dark ferruginous red, the intermediate gradations occurring.
Larva olive-green above, bluish at sides with pale granulated
spots; a white-spotted subdorsal line and lateral stripes; sub-
dorsal and lateral purplish patches on 5th to last somites; a
purplish streak on 2nd and 3rd somites ; horn green.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; China; Java; New
Guinea; Ternate. Exp., ¢ 90, 9 110 millim.
105. Ambulyx rubiginosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 391.
Ambulyx rubescens, Buti. Ill. Het. vii, p. 26, pl. 121, fig. 2; C§ S
no. 6] a.
The hind wing not crenulate; colour dark red-brown slightly
suffused with grey. Fore wing with numerous indistinct waved
lines ; hind wing brighter red; thorax and abdomen yellow below.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. f 80 millim.
AMBULYX. 79
106. Ambulyx rubricosa, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 122; C. § S. no. 127.
Hind wing broader, the outer margin more rounded. Shafts of
antenne and a band between their bases white; head and vertex
of thorax olive-brown ; sides of thorax purplish ; abdomen greenish,
with a red-brown line down the vertex. Fore wing bright
glaucous green, with olive-green markings and a patch of purplish
grey on inner margin; two indistinct waved antemedial lines ; an
oblique band from centre of costa to outer angle; a spot at lower
end of cell; two lunulate postmedial lines and one waved; outer
area olive with some white on it; a white streak from apex and
white spots on outer margin. Hind wing brilliant crimson, the
base and a diffused postmedial band darker; traces of a medial
line ; inner area brownish, marked with grey. Underside bright
orange suffused with red, and with the markings red.
Hab. Sikhim, and ? Calcutta. Hvp. g 132 millim.
107. Ambulyx junonia, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 9, pl. 80, fig. 2; 0. § S.
no. 125.
Hind wing hardly angled at anal angle. Differs from rubricosa
in having no white shaft to, or band between, the antenne ; fore
wing with the ante- and postmedial lines obsolete; the whole
inner area purplish grey; a large purplish-grey patch on outer
margin, the outline between it and the green at apex irregular.
Hind wing with a green line traversing the crimson beyond the
cell; a large dark ocellus centred with grey below the lower angle
of cell; the outer and inner areas brown. Underside greenish
yeliow, with some crimson on the disk of fore wing; the markings
brown.
Hab. Bhutan; Naga Hills. Hap. 104 millim.
108. Ambulyx elwesi, Druce, Ent. Mo. Mag. xix, p. 17; €. & S.
no. 126; Waterh. Ard, ii, pl. 136, fig. 3.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Fore wing rich brown, the
area from near the base of costa to outer angle ochreous, crossed
by a purplish-grey longitudinal stripe ; apex olive-green ; a yellow
spot at end of cell. Hind wing bright pink; the outer half deep
brown, with a line near anal angle. Underside paler.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. § 100 millim,
109. Ambulyx phalaris, Cam. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 83, pl. 149 a (1777) ;
C. & S. no. 163 (part).
Clanis nicobariensis, Schwarz, Kleem. Beit. ii, p. 1 (1796).
Head, thorax, and fore wing dark red-brown; abdomen and
hind wing paler, the latter with a black patch at the base. Fore
wing with two ante- and three postmedial waved lines; a large
pale patch on the costa from before the middle to outer margin,
leaving the apex dark, the pale patch widest beyond the cell.
80 SPHINGID #.
Underside: fore wing with a pale triangular patch before the
apex; hind wing with three faint transverse lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 2 146 millim.
110. Ambulyx bilineata, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1857; C. & S. no. 159;
Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 81, fig. 4.
Differs from phalaris in being much paler; the pale patch on
fore wing only indicated by a pale dash from the end of the cell
towards the outer margin ; the black patch on hind wing larger ;
but chiefly differing in having a streak of black hairs on the under-
side of fore wing below the median nervure and vein 2.
Hab. Shanghai; Sikhim. Zzp., ¢ 128, Q 150 millim.
111. Ambulyx deucalion, W7k. Cat. viii, p. 236; C. & S. no. 158.
Differs from bclineata in being without the pale dash beyond the
cell of the fore wing.
Hab. Shillong. Exp. 2 144 millim.
112. Ambulyx pagana, Fadr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 146; C. § S. no. 163
(part.).
Basiana cervina, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 287; C. & S. no. 160.
Differs from deucalion in being much redder in tone, and in
wanting the black patch at base of hind wing and black streak on
underside below the median nervure of fore wing.
The form cervina is smaller and paler. Phalaris, bilineata, deu-
calion, and pagana may possibly be varieties of one species.
Larva green, with 7 oblique lateral stripes and short aborted
horn.
Hab. Sikhim ; Bengal; Madras. Ewp., (pagana) $ 140, 2160
millim ; (cervina) 110 millim.
113. Ambulyx exusta, Buti. P. Z. 8S. 1875, p. 252; id. Trans. Zool.
Soc. ix, pl. 93, fig. 4; C. § S. no. 162.
Differs from pagana in having the vertex of the thorax dark;
fore wing with a pale irregular indistinct band before the margin ;
hind wing with two indistinct postmedia]l and prominent sub-
marginal and marginal dark lines. Underside of fore wing with
three postmedial lines, of hind wing with two.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. xp. 80 millim.
114. Ambulyx ornea, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 13, pl. 6, fig. 3; C.§ 8.
no. 185.
Smerinthus pudorinus, W/k. Cat. viii, p. 253; C. §& S. no. 161.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing reddish ochreous; the
fore wing with broad greyish ante- and postmedial bands; a
greyish band along inner margin with some dark strigz on it; a
dark speck at the end of the cell. Hind wing pink ; a grey patch
at anal angle with some dark streaks on it.
Hab, Almorah; Central India. Ewzp., ¢ 54, 2 80 millim
ACOSMERYX. 81
Subfamily CHAAROCAMPIN /i.
Larva with the anterior somites retractile; the third more or
less swollen; the third and sometimes some of the other somites
laterally ocellated ; horn variable.
Fig. 50.—Larva of Cherocampa theylia (from Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix. pl. 175. fig. 1).
Pupa without external sheath for the proboscis.
Imago. Proboscis large; apex of fore wing but slightly pro-
duced; male with small lateral expansions to abdomen.
Key to the Genera,
a. Hind wing with apex acute.
a’, Palpi with first joint not hollowed out.
a. Antenne gradually fining to a long
hook.
a’. Fore wing slightly excised below
CHUG.4 a Gt Oo Siccab fanuine Hoc.dd OOK e 1, AcosMERYX, p. 81.
6°. Fore wing very acute at apex.... 2. AMPELOPHAGA, p. 83.
6°. Antenne abruptly hooked.
a’, Legs with spurs of mcderate length. 38. Cumrocampa, p. 84.
6°. Legs with spurs very long ...... 4, Dapunis, p. 94.
ce. Antenne very thick before the hook. 5. DirrpHtna, p. 97.
6’. Palpi with first jot hollowed out.... 6. THrRETRA, p. 99.
6. Hind wing with apex rounded ; antennz
gradually fining to a long hook.
a’, Hind wing with outer margin straight. 7. Exrsra, p. 100.
é'. Hind wing with outer margin excurved. 8. ANGonyx, p. 101.
Genus ACOSMERYX.
Acosmeryx, Boisd. Sphing. p. 214 (1875).
Type, A. ancea, Cram.
Range. Japan; throughout India and Ceylon; Borneo; Java.
Antenne rather slight, the hook long; palpi broad at tip ; fore
wing slightly excised below the apex.
115. Acosmeryx ancea, Cram. Pap. Enot. iv, p. 124, pl. 3554;
Butl. Trans. Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 90, figs. 11, 12 (larva and pupa) ;
C. § S. no, 46.
Philampelus sericeus, Wik. Cat, vill, p. 181; C. & S. ne. 45; But.
Til. Het. v, pl. 78, fig. 2.
VOL. I. G
N
bo
> SPHINGID®.
Acosmeryx pseudonaga, Butl. Ill. Het.v, p. 2, pl. 88, fig.3; C.§ S.
no. 47.
Acosmeryx cinerea, Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1875, p. 245; C.§ S..no. 44;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 89, figs. 2, 2a (larva and pupa).
Acosmeryx shervillei, Botsd. Sp. Gén. i, p. 217.
Acosmeryx anceoides, Boisd. Sp. Gén. i, p. 216.
Greyish brown; the vertex of head dark ; pro-, meso-, and meta-
thorax each with a dark transverse streak; dorso-lateral oblique
dark stripes on each segment of the abdomen. Tore wing with
nine curved and waved antemedial dark lines, the interspaces
1
Fig. 51.—Acosmeryx anceus, S. }.
between three of the pairs of lines being filled in with dark brown,
so as to form one subbasal and two antemedial bands; a dark-
ringed pale speck at end of cell, the pale centre being sometimes
obsolete ; four postmedial curved lines ; an oblique dark band from
beyond the middle of the costa to outer angle, in some of the
forms produced outwards along vein 5 so as to be more oblique ;
a pale submarginal obsolescent line from below the apex to outer
angle, sometimes carried out to the margin at vein4. Hind wing
brownish fuscous, with traces of a pale patch and dark lines near
anal angle. Underside more or less suffused with ferruginous,
ochreous, and grey ; the outer margin of both wings dark ; hind
wing with five indistinct lines.
The form ancea is brownish grey, a small dark specimen from
Bhutan being nearest Cramer’s figure ; in serzcea the grey parts are
suffused with purple or pinkish ; in psewdonaga the ground-colour
is darker and more suffused; whilst the colour of cinerea is more
uniform greyish fuscous ; the dark and light forms appear to occur
irrespective of locality.
Larva green; a series of brown dorsal spots and of lateral
oblique stripes on fifth to tenth somites; an ocellated spot on
fourth somite; a black stripe from first to fourth somite, with a
yellow line above it; horn brown.
ACOSMERYX.—AMPELOPHAGA. 83
Hab. Himalayas; N.E. India; 8. India; Ceylon; Penang ;
Borneo; Java; Amboina; Japan. Zep. 80-110 millim.
116. Acosmeryx naga, Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C.i, p. 271; C. § S. no. 48.
Differs from typical ancea in the antemedial lines of the fore
wing being more angled outwards; the postmedial streak more
oblique and almost reaching the middle of outer margin; the sub-
marginal pale line reaching the outer angle and not bent out to
the margin at vein 4.
Hab. N.W.and E. Himalayas. vp. 100 millim.
Genus AMPELOPHAGA.
Ampelophaga, Bremer § Grey, Beitr. Schmett. nordl. China, p. 11
(1853).
Type, A. rubiginosa, Br. & Gr., from Japan.
Range. Japan; Himalayas.
Palpi reaching top of head and pointed at the tip; apex of
fore wing acute.
117. Ampelophaga rubiginosa, Bremer § Grey, Schmett. nérdl. China,
p- 11; Mén. Cat. Lep. Petr. pl. 12, fig. 2.
Ampelophaga romanovi, Staud. Rom. Mém. iii, p. 158, pl. ix, fig. 1 a.
Ampelophaga fasciosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 391; C. § S.no. 49;
Butl. Lil. Het. vii, pl. 121, fig. 3.
Antenne whitish; head, thorax, and abdomen ruddy olive-
brown ; a white line on vertex of thorax and abdomen. Lore wing
olive-brown, with the markings very indistinct; traces of two
Fig 52.—Ampelophaga rubiginosa, S. }.
antemedial, one postmedial, and one submarginal line; a dark
mark on discocellulars ; a triangular patch on costa at apex. Hind
G2
84 SPHINGID ®.
wing fuscous, with the cilia pale. Underside pinkish, each wing
with two faint transverse lines.
Larva pale pinkish brown, with numerous short dark strige ;
narrow dorsal and subdorsal lines; a yellow dark-ringed ocellus
on the fourth somite, with a black centre speckled with white; a
yellow black-ringed ocellus on fifth somite; horn black.
Hab. ? Japan ; Amur; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim ; Ndgas. Zup.,
3 90, 2 100 millim.
118. Ampelophaga dolichoides, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 76, fig. 8; C. & S:
no. 51.
Differs from rubiginosa in having the palpi pale and with noruddy
tinge. Fore wing with antemedial, medial, and postmedial nearly
straight oblique lines, which are pale, outwardly edged by dark
brown ; a waved and curved submarginal line; no apical triangular
patch. Underside less pink.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 100 millim.
Genus CHAXROCAMPA.
Cheerocampa, Dup. Lép. France, Suppl. ii, p. 159 (1835).
Isoples, Hiibn. Verz. p. 135 (gen. indescr.) (1818).
Xylophanes, Hiibn. Verz. p. 136 (gen. indeser.) (1818).
Hippotion, Hiibn. Verz. p. 135 (gen. indescr.) (1818).
Panacra, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 154 (1856).
Gnathothlibus, Wallengr. Gifv. Kongl. Vetens.-Akad. Forh. 1858,
Plow
Hathia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 19 (1882).
Type, C. elpenor, Linn.
Range. Universally distributed.
Antenne with the hook short and slight ; the palpi moderately
broad and quadrate at tip: apex of hind wing rather acute; the
discocellulars oblique.
A. Hind wing crimson.
119. Cherocampa elpenor, Zinn. Syst. Nat.i, pt. 2, p. 801 (1867) ;
Westw. § Humphr. Brit. Moths, pl. 5, figs. 7,8; C. ¥ S. no. 79.
Cheerocampa macromera, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p.7; ad. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 79, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 80.
Cheerocampa fraterna, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 247; td. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 79, fig. 4; C. §& S. no. 81.
Cheerocampa lewis, Buil. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 247.
Cheerocampa rivularis, Bowsd. Sp. Gén. i, p. 280.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-green; antenne, sides of
palpi, and head pink; thorax and abdomen with pink dorsal and
lateral stripes. Fore wing olive-green; the costa pink; an
oblique pink band from beyond end of cell to inner margin ;
another from apex to inner margin; outer margin broadly pink ;
inner margin with some white near base. Hind wing with the
basal half black, the outer half pink, with a little olive-green
~
CH EROCAMPA. 85
towards apex. Underside with the whole of both wings, except
the costa and part of disk, suffused with pink.
Typical elpenor=lewisit from Europe, Japan, and N.W. India is
smaller, with the pink on hind wing and underside rather less
developed ; in the form fraterna from the W. Himalayas the colour
is rather duller and the pink on underside more evenly disposed
over the disk of both wings than in the eastern form macromera.
Larva brown or green, with numerous black strigze ; some indis-
tinct black dorsal lines on first two somites; a black blotch on
third somite ; pale ocelli on black blotches on fourth and fifth
somites.
Hab. Europe; Japan; Sind; Himalayas; Shillong; Nagas;
Manipur. Eup. (elpenor) 64 millim., (macromera) 80 millim.
120. Cherocampa alecto, Linn. Syst. Nat.i, p. 802 (1767); CS 8.
no. 83; Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pl. 1387p; Butl. P. Z. S. 1880,
pl. 39, fig. 8 (larva).
Sphinx cretica, Boisd. Ann. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1827, p. 118.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown; antenne and sides of
thorax whitish; abdomen with a black lateral patch near base.
Fore wing pale brown, with a dark speck at end of cell; six faint
oblique lines from near apex to inner margin. Hind wing pink,
with a large black patch at base; outer margin black; anal angle
flesh-colour, as is the underside.
The form cretica, Boisd., from Turkey and Afghanistan, is paler.
Larva green, speckled with yellow ; a dorsal green line ; a sub-
dorsal yellow stripe and series of yellow ocelli with green centres
on fourth to eleventh somites, decreasing in size posteriorly.
Hab, Turkey ; China; Formosa; throughout India and Ceylon ;
Borneo, Java. Hxp., ¢ 90, 9 106 millim.
121. Cherocampa eson, Cramer, Pap. Exot. iii, p. 57.
Cherocampa elegans, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 8, pl. 2, fig. 1; C. §& S.
no. 84.
Cherocampa gracilis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 8, pl. 2, fig. 2.
Differs from alecte in the abdomen having faint ochreous stripes
and wanting the black patches; the black patch at base of hind
wing smaller.
The form eson from S. Africa is rather broader and larger than
the N. African and Asiatic form.
Hab. Throughout Africa; China; India; Java; Borneo. Lup.
70-90 millim.
122. Cherocampa theylia, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 803 (1767); CSS.
no. 85; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 84, fig. 5; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix,
pl. 175, fig. 1 (larva).
Cherocampa ratilesii, Butl. Trans. Z. 8S. ix, p. 556; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 84, fig. 3; C.§ S. no. 86; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 175,
fig. 5 (larva).
86 SPHINGID &. —
Cheerocampa vinacea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, fig. 26,
pl. 175, figs. 2, 2a (larva and pupa).
Sphinx boerhavie, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 542.
Sphinx pluto, Hwbr. Gen. Ins. p. 274, 11, 148. 40.
Sphinx pinastrina, Martin, Pysche, pl. 30, fig. 85.
Pergesa vampyrus, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 98; C. & S. no, 58.
Sphinx octopunctata, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i, pt. 5, p. 2586.
Differs from eson in being smaller and without the black patch
at base of hind wing.
Larva brown, with numerous dark strige on dorsal area ; lateral
area whitish, ventral grey; a large ochreous ocellus on fourth
somite, outlined in black and centred with
pink above, black below; a series of six
decreasing ocelli on an ochreous line from
Sth to 10th somites, ochreous, outlined
in black and centred with brown; horn
pale, short, and rapidly running to a point.
Feeds on Rubiaceae.
The form rafflest is rather darker and
brighter coloured than theylia. The
larva is dark chocolate-brown, some seven
white subdorsal spots on thoracic somites ;
seven ocelli on 4th to 10th somites, the first
largest, ochreous white, outlined in black
Fig. 55. .
Cherocampa theylia,§. 4, nd with an ochreous-speckled black
1. .
centre, the others centred with brown:
horn dark brown, the tip ochreous, blunt, and of even diameter
throughout, from its base crimson streaks extend forward and
backward. Feeds on the same Rubiaceae as theylia.
The form vinacea, again, is rather darker and brighter coloured,
with the larva pale brown, a narrow dorsal black line from Ist to
4th somite; pale subdorsal streaks on the same somites ; oval ocelli
on fourth and fifth somites, ochreous, outlined in black and
centred with brown, on which in the first ocellus is an ochreous
streak, which in the second is crimson; horn long, straight, and
pointed, brown with a white tip, with dark streaks extending
forward and backward from its base. Feeds on Jmpatiens.
The imagos of these three forms are almost indistinguishable,
and whether we have here three good species breeding true, or
the larve are in some way affected in form of horn, as well as
colour and the number of ocelli, by some conditions of life, we
have no evidence to show ; all were bred, preserved, and drawn
in the same locality by that most careful observer, Mr. E. E. Green
of Ceylon, who intorms me that the larva of vinacea refuses to eat
the food-plants of the others.
Hab. China; Formosa; throughout India and Ceylon; Java;
Borneo. xp. 60_millim.
CH £ROCAMPA, 87
123. Cherocampa celerio, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 800; C. § S. no. 88;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 84, fig. 4; Moore, Lep. £.1.C. pl. xi,
figs. 1, la@ (larva and pupa).
Sphinx tisiphone, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 803.
Hippotion ocys, Hiibn. Verz. p. 135.
Phaleena inquilinus, Harris, Ex. p. 93.
Head and thorax as in eson; abdomen with a white spot on
each segment between the dorsal white lines; a pair of silvery
lateral strigee on each segment. Fore wing paler; some silvery
streaks on the median nervure; the nervules beyond the cell
streaked with silvery white and black; a silvery-white line from
apex to near base of inner margin, followed by some ochreous and
pale brown lines; a white submarginal line; the markings are
thus similar to oldenlandie, except that the lines that come out
white are different. Hind wing with the base and anal angle
bright pink ; disk blackish; the outer area ochreous brown, with a
black submarginal line and the nervules between it and the cell
black.
Larva brown; a series of whitish ocelli with darker centres
from 4th to 10th somites ; born and underside white.
Hab. Europe; Africa; the whole of India and Ceylon; Java;
Borneo; Timor; Australia; Fiji. vp. 66-74 millim.
B. Hind wing fuscous, with a more or less defined pale or
crimson submarginal band.
124. Cherocampa lycetus, Cram. Pap. Evot. i, p. 96, pl. 61D; 4. § 8S.
ne rosina, Butl. P. Z, 8. 1875, p. 248, pl. 87, tig.6; C. § 8.
Rates drancus, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 56, pl. 182 F; C. § 8.
Goren prunosa, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 622; C. § S. no. 108 ;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 84, fig. 2.
Differs from theylia in being brownish in colour, with but a
slight pink tinge; sides of abdomen golden yellow ; the two dorsal
lines paler. Fore wing with the oblique stripes from the apex
silvery white. Hind wing biackish, with some flesh-coloured
suffusion on the submarginal area. Underside more ochreous and
less pink than in theylia.
The form lycetus =rosina from Mussooree and Sikhim is pinker in
tone and has more flesh-colour on the hind wing than drancus=
prunosa from Ceylon.
Hab. Mussooree ; Sikhim; Ceylon. vp. 68 millim.
125. Cherocampa oldenlandiz, Fubr. Syst. Ent. p.542; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 85, figs. 1, la (larva) ; C. § S. no. 90.
Cherocampa puellaris, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 623; C. § S. no. 92.
Xylophanes gortys, Hiibn. Samm. exot. Schm. figs. 518, 514.
Differs from Jycetus in being greyish brown without pink suffu-
88 SPHINGID A.
sion ; the two dorsal lines on abdomen silvery white, as also the
oblique stripes on fore wing; the sides of abdomen ochreous, not
golden. Hind wing with the submarginal band ochreous and
narrow.
ae form puellaris from the N.W. Himalayas is small and
pale.
Larva pale purplish brown; a subdorsal line of yellow and
white spots with a pale lateral line below them on the thoracic
somites ; black-ringed ocelli on 4th to 10th somites, the first two
centred with blue, the posterior with purple. In the early stages
these posterior ocelli are centred with crimson, and there are
dorsal bands of yellow specks.
Hab. Egypt; throughout Asia; Philippines; Java; Aru.
Exp. 80 millim., (puellaris) 54 millim.
126, Cherocampa silhetensis, 7k. Cat. viii, p. 143; Butl. Trans.
Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 92, fig. 8 (larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 93.
Chexrocampa bisecta, Moore, Lep. E. I. C. p. 278.
Xylophanes pinastrina, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 18, pl. 87, fig. 2.
Differs from oldenlandie in being very much paler, with but one
white line down centre of abdomen. Fore wing with only the line
beyond the oblique brown band silvery; the others ochreous.
Larva green, with the dorsal area red-brown; a subdorsal paler
line with equal-sized ocelli from 4th to 10th somites with green
centres ; horn red-brown.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Java; Borneo; Formosa ;
Japan, wp. 60-68 millim.
127. Cherocampa vigil, Guér. Deless. Voy. ii, p. 80, pl. 23, fig. 1;0.§ 8.
no. 71; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 87, figs. 3, 3a, (larva and
pupa).
Panacra lignaria, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 156.
Sphinx pheenyx, Herr.-Schiiffer, Eur. Schmett. pl. 83, fig. 478.
Head and thorax brown, with pale lateral streaks; abdomen
brown, with numerous dark strigz and pairs of pale lateral strigze
on each segment. Fore wing brown; the lines much as in celerio,
but without any silvery markings, those on the median neryure
being absent and the oblique line from the apex (which is much
more curved) and those towards outer margin being pale ochreous
brown. Hind wing smoky brown, with traces of a darker sub-
marginal line.
Larva pale green or brown, with black dorsal dots; an ocellus
on 4th somite, which is blue centred with yellow in the green
form, ochreous with black ring and centre in the brown form; a
subdorsal line from 5th to 11th somite; horn purplish in the
green form.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Andamans ; Philippines ;
Australia; New Hebrides. Lup. 64-74 millim.
CHLEROCAMPA, 89
128. Cherocampa insignis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) x, p. 482; C.§ 8.
no. 75,
Differs from vigil in the pale lines on the vertex of abdomen
coming out more strongly. Fore wing with black lines developed
beyond the cell parallel to the oblique pale line, which is wider
and more curved and broadly edged on the outer side with black ;
the dark submarginal line waved; cilia black, not chequered.
Hind wing suffused with pinkish beyond the middle; a dark sub-
marginal line and marginal band. Underside pinkish.
Hab, Andamans. Ewp. 2 60 millim.
129. Cherocampa busiris, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 158; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
Ole, 1S); rite PAB (CRP ISH sis CPF
Fore wing highly angled at vein 5 in both sexes.
Head and thorax dark green; palpi pinkish brown; delicate
pinkish lines above the eyes and outlining the collar and patagia ;
abdomen brownish, with darker lateral patches on the first two
segments. Fore wing with a brown patch at the base marbled
with darker lines and extending further along the costa than the
inner margin; a white patch at base of inner margin; a green
medial band, wide at costa; a black speck at end of cell; marginal
area pale brown with three dark curved lines, the submargina! line
waved and white near the apex. Hind wing dark brown; a pale
brown marginal line, widest at anal angle, where there are some
indistinct lines inside it. Underside green at base, marbled with
reddish, purplish, and grey towards outer margin.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet. Ewp., § 66, 2 82 millim.
130. Cherocampa variolosa, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 156; C. § S. no. 69.
Panacra vagans, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 4, pl. 78, fig. 7; C.g S. no. 74,
Head and thorax olive-green and brown, with numerous brown
lines; abdomen with a golden tinge, mottled with purplish grey
towards base. Fore wing olive-green, marbled with purplish grey
at base; three oblique lines from the apex to centre of inner
margin ; a submarginal line. Hind wing brown, with some pale
marks towards anal angle. Underside of body and wings beau-
tifully suffused with golden yellow ; postmedial lines developed on
both wings.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan; Borneo. vp. 80 millim.
131. Cherocampa metallica, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 6; C.§ S. no. 68.
Panacra perfecta, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 891 ; ad. Ill. Het. v, pl. 78,
fig. 8; C.§ S. no. 73.
Differs from variolosa in the olive-green and brown tints of both
upper and under side being replaced by ochreous and red-brown
tints.
90 'SPHINGID A.
The female (metallica) has the fore wing broader, with the outer
margin more excised below the apex.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 64-70 millim.
132. Cherocampa automedon, W7k. Cat. viii, p. 154; Butl. Ill. Het.
Ve ple dopees ln C.G0S. nono.
Panacra truncata, Wlk. Cat. viii, p. 160.
The outer margin of fore wing angled at vein 5, more so in the
male than in the female.
Markings similar to those of metallica; the coloration much
duller, being pale ochreous speckled with brown. Underside
nearly uniform dull ochreous ; one postmedial line coming out as
specks on the nervules, the others obsolescent on fore wing,
obsolete on hind wing; outer margin rather darker.
_ Female with the fore wing broader.
Hab. Sikbim; Sylhet ; Pegu; Rangoon. wp. 54 millim.
133. Cherocampa mydon, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 155; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
ple; eo Co GS) nos Gb:
Panacra scapularis, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 157; Moore, Lep. E. I. C. pl. ix,
figs. 5, 5a (larva and pupa); C. § S. no. 70.
Panacra frena, Swink. Cut. Lep. Mus. Oxon. p. 12, pl. i, fig. 5.
Fore wing less produced at apex ; the outer margin more erect
and excurved at median nervules.
Differs from metallica in the postmedial lines of fore wing being
much more erect and highly waved; the white on vertex of
thorax and proximal segments of abdomen comes out very strong
in some specimens ; the markings of the upperside and mottlings
of the underside vary from ochreous to red-brown.
Larva greenish, with dark dorsal and lateral stripes and dorsal
spots ; a purplish ocellus on 4th somite.
Hab. Sikhim ; Calcutta; Sylhet; Assam; Java. Exp., 3 56,
2 62 millim.
134, Cherocampa assamensis, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 160; C. § S. no, 64,
The fore wing highly angled at vein 5 in both sexes.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale greyish brown; paired dark
brown streaks with pale streaks below them from top of head to
second segment of abdomen. Fore wing greyish brown, with a
black speck at base and streak on inner margin; a large black
patch on the discocellulars, with a triangular patch above and
beyond it; traces of a dark line from the end of the cell to the
inner margin; a taint waved postmedial line met by a reddish
oblique streak from the apex, with some paler marks on it towards
inner margin. Hind wing purplish fuscous, with an obsolescent
paler submarginal line; the inner margin pale; a streak of dark
CHEROCAMPA, 91
hairs along vein 1a. Underside clouded with ochreous and ferru-
ginous, leaving an irregular dark outer margin to both wings.
C’, borneensis, Butl., from Borneo, is a race of this species.
Hab. Sylhet. Exp. g 55 millim.
135. Cherocampa gloriosa, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 246; id. Ill. Het. v,
ply ie, ie. Gi Cr G85 no. Ol:
Head and vertex of thorax and abdomen olive-green; antenne,
palpi, and sides of thorax and abdomen crimson. Fore wing
olive-green; the costa, antemedial, medial, postimedial, and sub-
marginal maculate irregular bands crimson ; outer margin darker
olive ; a marginal pale pink line; cilia crimson; a black speck at
end of cell. Hind wing smoky black, suffused with blood-red
towards outer margin. Almost the whole of underside crimson,
except a black blotch towards base of fore wing ; each wing with
three transverse waved lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. ¢ 86 millim.
136. Cherocampa olivacea, Moore, P. Z.S. 1872, p. 567; 0. § S.
no. 55.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing olive-brown. Fore wing
with three reddish curved antemedial lines ; a black spot at end of
cell; three slightly waved postmedial lines; a short oblique grey
stripe from the apex continued as an indistinct lunulate line to the
outer angle. Hind wing smoky black; a diffused ferruginous sub-
marginal band. Underside suffused with ochreous and ferru-
ginous ; outer margin of both wings darker.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Sylhet; Khdsis; Shillong. xp. 74-
80 millim.
137. Cherocampa velata, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1853; Butl. Ill. Het.
v, pl. 78, fig. 5; C. & S. no. 54.
Perzesa aurifera, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p.7; id. Ill. Het. v, pl. 78,
tig, 4; C&S. no. 60.
Zonilia acuta, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 195; C. & S. no. 52.
Pergesa egrota, Butl. P.Z. S. 1875, p. 246; id. Tr. Zool. Soe. 1876,
pl. 92, fig. 2; C_¢ S. no. 59.
Olive-brown ; the head and thorax with a greyish lateral band ;
abdomen with paired dark dorsal specks on each segment ; the
sides yellow, with a black speck on each segment; white below.
Fore wing with three waved antemedial black lines ; a dark annulus
at end of cell; three dark postmedial waved lines. Hind wing
smoky brown, with a paler patch towards anal angle. Underside
clouded with ochreous and reddish.
In the variety aurifera the waved lines of the fore wing are
reduced to a series of black specks.
The form acuta is yellowish brown, with the dark markings of:
92 - SPHINGIDA.
the fore wing obsolescent ; the yellow submarginal band of the hind
wing narrow but continued to the costa. The form egrota is
similarly coloured, but has a dark brown blotch on the antemedial
baud of the fore wing below the costa and blotches on the postmedial
lines ; the hind wing has the submarginal band broader, its outer
edge being defined by a black line.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet. xp. 68-88 millim.
138. Cherocampa castanea, Moore, P. Z.S. 1872, p. 567; 4. §& S
no. 57.
Head and thorax dark red-brown, with lateral grey stripes ;
abdomen paler. Fore wing dark red-brown ; two faint antemedial
curved lines; two nearly straight postmedial oblique lnes; an
irregular grey marginal band. Hind wing uniform dark brown.
Underside red-brown ; each wing with two postmedial waved lines
and irregular dark border.
Hab. Bombay; Satara. Ep. 66 millim.
139. Cherocampa helops, Wk. Cat. viii, p. 180.
Philampelus orientalis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 77, fig. 1; G4 § S.
no. 150.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-brown; thorax with a pale
lateral streak; abdomen with a pale patch on vertex of Ist segment
and black lateral patches on Ist two segments. Fore wing grey-
brown ; a large olive-brown basal patch with a pale edge; a black
speck at end of cell, beyond which the area is suffused with brown ;
a subapical olive-brown patch, with a waved black line on its outer
edge continued as an obsolescent line to outer angle. Hind wing
smoky black, with a pale patch at anal angle. Underside ochreous,
suffused and speckled with black.
Hab. Sikhim; Penang; Borneo. wp. 116 millim.
140. Cherocampa lucasi, Wik. Cat. viii, p.141; Moore, Lep. E. I. C.
pl. xi, figs. 8,3 @ (larva and pupa); C. §& S. no. 95.
Cherocampa tenebrosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 595; td. Lep. Ceyl.
li, pl. 86, figs. 2, 2a (larva); C. § S. no. 96.
Cheerocampa rhesus, Boisd. Sphing. p. 254.
Ochreous brown; the antenne, front of head, and sides of thorax
paler. Fore wing with a black speck at end of cell; two oblique
indistinct lines from near the apex to near base of inner margin ;
three similar lines from the apex nearly parallel to outer margin.
Hind wing smoky black, paler towards anal angle. Underside
with a slight rosv tinge.
The form tenebrosa is darker on both upper and under sides than
lucast?, which again is darker than rhesus, but these differences are
varietal, not local.
Larva brown with darker specks ; a pale lateral line on thoracic
somites; an ocellus on 4th somite, which is white, centred with
CIHEROCAMPA. 93
crimson, with a black ring on an ochreous ground ; a fine subdorsal
line on the posterior somites, with leaden oblique streaks below it.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Andamans ; Borneo; Java ;
China; Australia, vp. 80 millim.
141. Cherocampa butus, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii, p. 88, pl. 152.
Sphinx velox, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 378; C. § S. no. 97.
Sphinx clotho, Drury, Exot. Ins. ii, p. 48; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
Pl Sie lrg 7S. no. IS:
Cherocampa gonograpta, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 249; Hmpsn. Il.
Het. ix, pl. 175, fig. 10 (larva); C. & S. no. 101.
Cheerocampa aspersata, Kirby, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 241; C. § S.
no. 99; Waterh. Aid, i, pl. 97.
Cherocampa punctivenata, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 248; C. § S.
no. 100.
Differs from lucasi in having the fore wing longer, with the
apex more pointed; head and thorax greenish; abdomen with
black lateral patches on the first segment. Underside more
ochreous.
In the form butus=velow=clotho=aspersata one of the oblique
lines from the apex of the fore wing is prominent; in the forms
gonograpta and punctivenata this line is obsolescent, in the last-
named coming out as specks on the nervules.
Larva pale green or brown, speckled with dark strize ; 4th somite
with a green ocellus, edged with yellow above, pink below, with a
lineal white centre; a pale lateral line from 5th somite to horn,
which is purplish; legs pink, claspers green.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans ;
Borneo; Java. Hwp. 88-106 millim.
142. Cherocampa mirabilis, Buti. P. Z..8. 1875, p. 248; id. Trans, Zool.
Soe. ix, pl. 92, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 82.
Head, thorax, and first two segments of abdomen olive-green ;
sides of head and thorax white; distal segments of abdomen ruddy
brown. Fore wing olive-green, the base darker; a dark green
antemedial waved line and postmedial curved line ; a dark speck at
end of cell. Hind wing ruddy brown with traces of a submarginal
line. Underside: fore wing brown at base and outer margin ;
the postmedial area pink; an oblique postmedial brown line:
hind wing pink, the outer margin brown ; a medial curved brown
line.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. “wp. 86 millim.
143. Cherocampa lineosa, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 144; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 79, fig. 7; C. & S. no. 104.
Cheerocampa major, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 249; C. §& S. no. 103.
Cherocampa minor, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 249; C. § 8. no. 102.
Head, thorax, and abdomen green; head and thorax with a pale
94 _ SPHINGID &.
lateral band; thorax with a pale band on vertex; abdomen with
four pale dorsal lines. Fore wing green, with a black patch at base
of inner margin; a black dot at end of cell; about seven indistinct
oblique lines from the apex. Hind wing black, with a diffused pale
submarginal band. Underside ochreous, suffused with red and
speckled with black; some black in cell of fore wing and post-
medial dark lines.
In the variety major prominent pale stripes appear between the
oblique lines of the fore wing.
In some specimens the second or third line from the outer
margin of the fore wing becomes double towards inner margin.
Hab. Mussooree ; Sikhim ; Assam; Sylhet. Hap. 86-108 millim.
C. Hind wing dull red or orange.
144. Cherocampa pallicosta, Wk. Cat. viii, p.145; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
li, pl. 84, fig. 6; C. & S. no. 106.
Head and thorax red-brown, with a lateral white streak. Fore
wing red-brown, with the costa paler; a pale speck at end of cell;
a white line along inner margin; a postmedial lunulate diffused
dark line and traces of a submarginal line. Abdomen, hind wing,
and underside pinkish ferruginous ; cilia of hind wing white.
Hab. Assam; Sylhet; E. Pegu; Ceylon; Hongkong. ap. 82
millim.
145. Cherocampa erotus, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii, p. 12; C. & S. no. 107.
Cherocampa erotus, var. andamanensis, Kirby, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877,
p-. 242; Waterh. Ard, 11, pl. 141, fig. 1.
Gnathothlibus erotoides, Wallengr. Wien. ent. Mon. iv, p. 48.
Brighter in colour than pallicosta. Fore wing with a slight
purplish suffusion and clouded in parts beyond the middle; two
indistinct antemedial curved lines, and two similar postmedial
lines. Hind wing bright orange-yellow, with a diffused red-brown
band along outer margin except at apex and anal angle; cilia red-
brown. Throat and first joint of palpus pure white.
Hab, Andamans ; Australia; Solomon Isl. Lwvp. 96-114 millim.
Genus DAPHNIS.
Daphnis, Miidn. Verz. p. 184 (1818).
Type, D. nerii, Linn.
Range. Europe; Africa, Mauritius; throughout India; Ceylon;
Borneo; Java; Amboina; New Hebrides.
The tibial spurs considerably longer than in Cherocampa; the
palpi slightly more rounded at apex; outer margin of fore wing
as in the typical species.
146. Daphnis neril, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p.798; C.§ S. no, 112; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 82, figs. 1, 1 a (larva and pupa).
-DAPHNIS. 95
Head green, rufous in front; a grey band on vertex. Thorax
green, the collar outlined in grey; a triangular grey patch on the
vertex. Abdomen paler green, with oblique lines at the side;
Fig. 54.—Daphnis nerii, 2. 4.
paired dark green lateral blotches on penultimate, and a single
dorsal blotch on ultimate segment. ore wing dark green; a
white patch with a black spot on it at base; some medial whitish
conjoined bands, rosy towards hind margin; an outwardly oblique
band from costa to vein 4; an oblique streak from apex to vein 6;
a triangular purplish patch from below the cell to near outer
margin. Hind wing fuscous, with a pale curved submarginal line,
beyond which the area is olivaceous. Underside suffused with
chestnut ; a white submarginal line to both wings ; a white speck
at end of cell of hind wing.
Larva green, with a bluish lateral band from 4th somite to horn,
with white oval spots on it, and others above and below it; 3rd
somite with a blue ocellus ; horn yellow.
Hab. Europe; 8. Africa; Mauritius; Aden; throughout India
and Ceylon. wp. 70-120 millim.
147. Daphnis hypothous, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, p. 165; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 83, figs. 1, 1 a (larva and pupa); C. § S. no, 118.
Differs from merit in having the head and collar uniformly dark
purple-brown ; thorax and first two segments of abdomen dark green,
with a white fringe to the first; the other segments dark olive-
brown, with the streaks and spots as in nerv. Wings similarly
marked, but very much darker on both upper and under side ; eal
white spot at apex of fore wing and at end of cell of fore wing on
the underside.
96 SPHINGID&.
Larva green, with yellow dots at sides; a darker dorsal line ;
a subdorsal purple-red band, edged with yellow on thoracic somites
and with white from 4th somite; a blue ocellus on 3rd somite; a
series of blue white-centred ocelli from 5th to 10th somites; horn
purple-brown, with white tubercles. Before changing the larva
becomes blotched with dark red; in the early stages the ground-
colour is pale red or green.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Java; Borneo. Exp. 98-
124 millim.
148. Daphnis andamanus, Druce, Ent. Mo. Mag. xix, p. 16; C.§ S.
no. 116,
Differs from hypothous in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
uniform red-brown without markings. Fore wing red-brown, the
subbasal and postmedial bands narrower, the latter with the angles
at veins 1 and 5, but not produced outwards along vein 4. Hind
wing red-brown.
Allied to horsfieldi, Butl., from Java and New Guinea, but
redder and without the body-markings.
Hab. Andamans. Ewp. 68 millim.
149. Daphnis layardi, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 16, pl. 84, fig. 1; C.§ S.
no. 117.
Differs from hypothous in being ruddy brown, not olive in hue;
abdomen with a pale fringe to each segment. Underside with the
white spots at apex of fore wing and at end of cell of each wing
minute.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 86 millim.
150. Daphnis ernestinus, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 534, pl. 211, fig. 1.
Differs from layardi in being pale greyish brown; sides of
thorax but slightly darker; no dark patches at end of abdomen.
Fore wing with the basal black spot on a grey patch; the pale
antemedial area wider; the dark postmedial area with a diffused
and not angulate outer margin; the markings towards outer
margin very taint. Hind wing uniform dark brown, with a pale
submarginal line.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Exp. 64 millim.
151. Daphnis bhaga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 794; C. § S. no. 115.
Differs from layardi in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
uniform brown, except that the last two segments of the abdomen
have a dark triangular dorsal patch. Fore wing highly excised
below the apex ; the basal markings absent and replaced by an
oblique pale line; the medial pale shade more diffused ; the dark
postmedial patch with more angulate outer edge; a curved line
DAPHNIS.— DILEPHILA. 97
across the apex as well as the oblique line; no triangular marginal
patch below the apex. Hind wing more excised before anal angle ;
uniform dark brown, the pale submarginal line only appearing near
anal angle. Underside without the red suffusion.
Hab. Sikhim; N.E, Bengal; Singapore. xp. 84 millim.
152. Daphnis minimus, Buti. Trans. Zool. Soc. x, p. 578, pl. 92, fig. 5;
Cc. §& S. no. 114.
Head and collar grey-brown ; tegule olivaceous ; abdomen grey-
brown, with some olivaceous marks towards the extremity. Fore
wing grey-brown, with an olivaceous curved subbasal band ; a
medial band widest and angled below the costa; two postmedial
curved lines ; a series of marginal dark marks. Hind wing and
underside uniform grey-brown.
Hab. 8. India. Hap. 44 millim.
Genus DILEPHILA.
Deilephila, Ochs. Eur, Schmett. iv, p. 42 (1816).
Type, D. livornica, Esp.
Range. Europe; Canaries; N. Africa; Madagascar; Afehan-
istan; Himalayas; China; Hawaii; N. and 8. America.
Differs from Cherocampa in the end of each antenna being much
thicker, with the hook very short; outer margin of fore wing as in
typical Cherocampa.
153. Dilephila livornica, Esp. Schmett. ii, pp. 87, 196, pl. 8, fig. 4;
C. §& S. no. 109.
Sphinx keechlini, Fwessly, Arch. Ins. Gesch. pl. 33, figs. 1-5 (larva
_ and pupa).
Fig. 55.—Dilephila livornica, g. 1.
Head and thorax olive, white lines above the eyes and along
sides of thorax, met on metathorax by white lines from the vertex
of thorax ; abdomen olive, with white lateral segmental patches
and black segmental lines with three white dorsal specks on each.
VOL. I. H
98 SPHINGID &.
Fore wing olive-green, with a black and white patch at base; a
white patch at lower end of cell: an oblique whitish band from
apex to near base of inner margin; a grey marginal band; nervules
beyond the cell white. Hind wing pink, with the basal area black ;
a submarginal black band ; anal area white.
Larva black with numerous yellow dots ; head dull pink; a pink
semicircular mark on Ist somite; dorsal line yellow ; each somite
blotched with red and bordered with black, which expands into a
subquadrate patch on 4th to 10th somites; a series of semicircular
yellow ocelli on a subdorsal yellow line with pink centres ; horn
black, with red tip.
Hab. Europe; N. Africa; Aden; N.W. Himalayas; China.
Exp. 74-94 millim.
154. Dilephila euphorbiz, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, pt.2, p.802; Kirby, Eur.
Butt. § Moths, pl. 18, fig. 1 a (larva).
Deilephila lathyrus, W7k. Cat. vil, p. 172; C.§ S. no. 110; But.
Ili. Het. v, pl. 80, fig. 1.
Differs from livornica in wanting the white lines from vertex of
thorax ; abdomen without dorsal marks and with the black and
white lateral marks only on the first two segments. Fore wing
with a whitish band narrowing to the inner margin and extending
on the costa from before the middle to the apex; speckled with
brown and sometimes with a rosy tinge, and enclosing an oval olive
patch beyond the cell.
The Himalayan ferm lathyrus averages rather larger than the
European euphorbie.
Larva black, dotted with yellow ; a dorsal red stripe; a lateral
red stripe spotted with yellow; a series of equal-sized yellow
ocelli.
Hab. Europe; N.W. Himalayas to Naini Tal. Exp. (euphorbie)
60-80 millim., (lathyrus) 76-92 millim.
155. Dilephila galii, Roth, Natur. vii, p. 107 (1775); Kirby, Eur.
Butt. § Moths, pl. 18, fig. 2 a (larva).
Differs from euphorbie in the thorax having a black line above
the lateral white streak ; the abdomen with white segmental specks
on the vertex, more or less joined by a white line ; the fifth and
sixth segments with prominent lateral white bands; the 3rd seg-
ment in some specimens with a black band behind the lateral
white band. Fore wing with the oblique pale band not reaching
the apex, and the projections from it at centre and near apex not
reaching the costa. Hind wing with the submarginal black band
broader.
Larva green, with a yellow dorsal line ; large black-ringed yellow
lateral spots oneach segment; claspers and anal segment reddish ;
ventral surface yellow.
Hab. Europe; Gurais Valley, Kashmir, 6000 feet. Exp. g§ 64-
72 millim., 9 84 millim.
DILEPHILA.—THERETRA. 99
156. Dilephila dahlii, Geyer, Sammi. Sphing. figs. 161-164.
Deilephila robertsi, Butl. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 412 2, pl. 39, figs. 9, 10
(larva & pupa); C. & S. no. 111.
Differs from galit in the thorax having two white stripes, the
tegule being fringed with white on the inner side also; abdomen
as in euphorbie. Fore wing as in galiz, hind wing with the band
pinker.
Some specimens have the segments of abdomen fringed with blue
scales and the veins on outer area of fore wing streaked with white.
Larva dark grey, spotted with white ; alternate red and yellow
dorsal stripes; a yellow lateral stripe; each segment with two
large black-ringed or irregular white spots and three small ones.
Horns, legs, and spiracles red.
Hab. Europe; Kandahar; Simla. wp. 82 millim.
Genus THERETRA.
Theretra, Hiibn. Verz. p. 135 (1818).
Type, Z. nessus, Drury.
Range. China; India; Borneo; Java.
Differs from Cherocampa in having the basal joints of the palpi
hollowed out, with an orifice towards the exterior beset with
(?) sensory sete.
157. Theretra nessus, Drury, Exot. Ins, ii, p. 46, pl. xxvii, fig. 1;
Ca SS. m0. 105, Mom, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 86, foes: ‘id. Cat.
cael Op lee xt: figs. 2 , 2a (larva and pupa).
Fig. 56.—Theretra nessus, §. 1.
Sphinx equestris, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 365.
Chrocampa nessus, var. rubicundus, Schaufuss, Nunq. Otiosus, i, p. 18.
H 2
100 SPHINGID &.
Head, thorax, and a stripe down centre of abdomen green
suffused with ferruginous; thorax with a lateral grey stripe ;
abdomen golden yellow at sides. Fore wing olive-brown, the base
green with a patch of black and white on the inner margin ; a black
dot at end of cell; a postmedial waved oblique line met by three
straight oblique lines from the apex at inner margin; two sub-
marginal lines. Hind wing black-brown; the anal angle ochreous,
which colour extends towards the apex as a submarginal band.
Underside suffused with reddish ochreous.
Larva blue-green, a subdorsal line with oblique streaks below it
on 4th-10th somites; 4th somite with a black-ringed green ocellus
centred with black; horn yellow.
Hab. Hongkong, throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Bor-
neo; Java. Hap. 92-122 millim..
158. Theretra actea, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, p. 93, pl. 248 4; C. & 8.
no. 53; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 88, figs. 1, 1 @ (larva and
pupa).
Differs from nessus in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
purplish grey ; vertex of head and a dorso-lateral stripe to
thorax and abdomen green. Fore wing purplish grey; a green
oblique central area from below apex to inner margin with some
indistinct lines on it; an irregular dark outer area with some
yellow inside it. Hind wing with anal patch and submarginal
band pointed.
Larva green ; a dark dorsal line; a subdorsal pale line on tho-
racic somites ; 4th somite with a large ocellus, white ringed with
brown and centred with blue and green; 5th—10th somites with
blue ocelli centred with yellow ; lateral area whitish ; horn yellow.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Borneo; Java. Hwp. 74-
80 millim.
Genus ELIBIA.
Elibia, WUk. Cat. viii, p. 148 (1856).
Type, H. dolichus, Westw.
Range. N.E. India; Sumatra.
Palpi very thickly and quadrately scaled at apex; antenne
eradually fining to a long hook. Fore wing acute at apex; veins
6 and 7 of hind wing from end of cell.
159. Elibia dolichus, Westw. Cub. Or. Ent. p. 61, pl. 30, fig. 1; C. § 8,
no. 50.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; thorax with three pale
stripes ; abdomen with a broad dorsal pale stripe. Fore wing pale
brown, with dark brown very oblique lines, the two broadest from
near the apex ; a small ring-spot at end of cell. Hind wing bluish
at base, the outer area blackish; cilia chequered white and brown.
ELIBIA.—ANGONYX. 101
Underside pale ; a waved submarginal line to fore wing ; hind wing
with two waved lines.
Hab, Sikhim ; Sylhet; Assam; Sumatra. Zp. 120 millim.
Fig. 57.—Elibia dolichus, 3.
|
Genus ANGONYX.
Angonyx, Boisd. Sphing. p. 317 (1875).
Microlophia, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 75 (1874), gen. indeser.
Type, A. testacea, W1k.
Range. Sylhet; S. India; Ceylon; Siam.
Antenne gradually tapering toa long hook. Palpi very broad
at apex. Fore wing with the outer margin excurved at middle ;
hind wing with the apex rounded.
160. Angonyx testacea, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 102; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
me ii. pl. 89, fic. 1; C. & S. no. 63.
Angonyx emilia, Boisd. Sp. Gén.
p. 818.
Panacra ella, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875,
p. 246.
Head, thorax,and abdomen uniform
dark green. Fore wing dark green,
with a grey band beyond the middle
not reaching the costa, beyond which
the wing is clouded with black; a
i waved submarginal line; cilia black.
Fig. 58. Hind wing dark red-brown, dark
Angonyx testacea, . 1}. brown at base; onter margin with a
102 SPHINGID ©.
broad irregular brown band ; some grey towards analangle. Under-
side reddish ochreous, greenish towards outer margin.
Hab. Sylhet; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hxp. 58 millin,
161. Angonyx sculpta, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 75, fig. 9; C. §& S. no. 76.
Outer margin of fore wing excurved at median nervule. Head
and thorax green, with lateral white bands; thorax dark grey on
vertex ; abdomen with the proximal segments orange at sides,
black above, with a green spot on third segment ; the fourth seg-
ment grey, the distal segments black. Fore wing green, a grey
streak at base ; a pale line along inner margin; a postmedial pale
band not reaching the costa; a submarginal dentate line, beyond
which the area is grey. Hind wing orange at base, diffused out-
wards aiong the costa and to anal angle; a large black patch on
outer margin, with two grey spots near the margin.
Hab. Siam; 8. India. Exp. 60 millim.
Subfamily SPHINGIN A.
Larva with the anterior segments but slightly smaller than the
Fig. 59.—Larva and pupa of Pseudosphinx cyrtolophia. (From Butler,
Mr Za) 1x pl.c ol)
posterior ; the head curved downwards in repose; horn (when
present) long and curved.
Pupa generally with an external sheath for the proboscis.
Imago with the proboscis very long. Male without lateral ex-
pansions to abdomen,
Key to the Genera.
a. Palpi quadrately scaled at apex.
a. Fore wing but slightly acute at apex.
a’. Hind wing with discocellulars curved .. 1. PRoToPARCE, p. 102.
6°. Hind wing with discocellulars straight [p. 104.
amd sobligtie :ysv!'s. 0) een ee oe 2. PSEUDOSPHINX,
b'. Fore wing more produced and acute at
AGS SEN SR Re ts. ao a 3. APOCALYPSIS, p. 107.
6, Palpirounded at apex... 05. <.00emee ees 4, NEPHELE, p. 108.
PROTOPARCE. 103
Genus PROTOPARCE.
Protoparce, Burmeister, Abh. nat. Gesell. Halle, iii, pt. 2,p. 63 (1855).
Hyloicus, Hiibn. Verz. p. 138 (1816), gen. indeser.
Type, P. rustica, W1k., from Brazil.
Range. Universally distributed.
Palpi quadrately scaled at apex. Veins 6 and 7 of hind wing
arising from the angle of the cell; the upper discocellular bent out
to the origin of vein 5.
162. Protoparce convolvuli, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 798; C. & S.
no. 168.
Protoparce orientalis, Butl. Tr. Z. S. ix, p. 609; C. § S. no. 167;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 75, figs. 1, 1 a-e (larva and pupa).
Fig. 60.—Protoparce convolvuli, §. }.
Head, thorax, and a streak down the vertex of abdomen grey ;
abdomen with lateral transverse bands of pink and black to each
segment; grey below. Fore wing grey, with black streaks below
veins 2 and 3; a highly dentate dark postmedial line met by an
irregular black streak from the apex. Some specimens are much
clouded with fuscous, which sometimes takes the form of a broad
medial band leaving two small pale spots in the end of the cell.
Hind wing grey; antemedial, medial, and postmedial piceous bands,
the two former meeting at anal angle, the two latter lunulate.
Larva green, the horn yellow ; a series of oblique lateral pink
and white stripes on the fourth to tenth somites ; stigmata ringed
with yellow and black. The European form has a black spot above
each lateral stripe, the absence of which is the only character
relied on for separating orientalis.
104 SPHINGID &.
_ Hab. Europe; Africa; Asia; Borneo; Java; Celebes ; Lombock ;
Ternate. Hap., ¢ 2 80-120 millim.
163. Protoparce uniformis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 261; C. § S.
no. 182.
3. Grey; palpi black; thorax with the vertex surrounded with
black; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing with an obsolescent
curved diffused medial band; two similar postmedial bands bent
inwards at vein 2. Hind wing and underside uniform brownish
grey.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. wp. 54 millim.
Genus PSEUDOSPHINX.
Pseudosphinx, Burmeister, Abh. nat. Gesell. Halle, iii, pt. 2, p.65 (1855).
Diludia, Grote § Robinson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. v, p. 188 (1865).
Type, P. tetrio, Linn., from Brazil.
Range. India; W. indies; S. America.
The discocellulars of the hind wing straight and oblique; veins
6 ands7 of hind wing stalked or from angle of cell; palpi with the
third joint more pointed and less broad.
164, Pseudosphinx inexacta, Wk. Cat. viii, p.208; C.§S. no. 170;
Butl. Lil. Het. v, pl. 81, fig, 8.
3. Head and thorax dark brown grizzled with white; thorax
with some white marks at sides and round the vertex ; abdomen
with a black streak on the vertex of each segment, golden brown
above, brown at sides, and white and black below. Fore wing
variegated with grey, dark brown, and golden brown; somewhat
indistinct dark waved antemedial, medial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal lines, of which the medial is the most strongly marked ;
a conspicuous white spot at end of cell. Hind wing brown; the
cilia chequered brown and white.
Hab. Mussooree; Khasis; Bombay. Ep. 86 millim.
165. Pseudosphinx grisea, n. sp.
$. Differs from ¢newacta in the ground-colour of the head, thorax,
and abdomen being grey ; the black lines similar, but with no white
on thorax. Fore wing similarly marked, but with the ground-
colour grey. Hind wing pale fuscous ; cilia grey, with black points
at the nervules, not chequered black and white.
Hab. Kulu (Graham-Young). Exp. 52 millim. Type in coll.
Leech.
166. Pseudosphinx fo, 17k. Cat. viii, p. 195; Butl. Iu. Het. vy,
pl. 81, fig. 9; C.§ S. no, 172,
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing greyish brown or olive-
brown ; abdomen with yellow lateral segmental patches. Fore wing
crossed by subbasal, antemedial, medial, and postmedial double
PSEUDOSPHINX. 105
waved black lines ; a conspicuous white spot in end of cell. Hind
wing dark brown.
Hab, Sikhim, Lap. 64-68 millim,
167. Pseudosphinx nyctiphanes, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 209; Butl. Ill.
Het. v, pl. 81, fig. 7; C. & S. no. 169.
Dark brown ; thorax with black streaks at sides nearly meeting
behind, where there are a few blue scales; head, thorax, and
abdomen white below; abdomen with white segmental streaks at
sides. Fore wing variegated with various shades of brown and
grey scales and crossed by numerous waved dark lines, of which
about six are medial and one submarginal; a pale speck in end of
cell. Hind wing dark brown, with an obsolescent pale medial
band ; cilia brown and whitish.
Hab. Sylhet; Andamans; Perak; Singapore. Ewp., g 120,
© 140 millim.
168. Pseudosphinx cyrtolophia, But? P. Z.S. 1875, p. 259 ; id. Trans.
Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 92, tig. 6, pl. 91, figs, 11, 12, 13 (larva and
pupa); C. § S. no. 171.
Differs from nyctiphanes in the palpi being black at sides.
Fore wing with no postmedial waved line below. Hind wing
with the pale band on underside medial, straight, and oblique, not
postmedial, curved, and waved.
The type and only known specimen is in very bad condition.
Larva grass-green ; a white dorsal stripe from 2nd somite to
horn; a pink dorsal oval ring-mark on Ist and 2nd somites; a
larger one from 2nd to 4th somites; lateral oblique pink stripes
from 5th to 10th somites.
Hab. Madras. Exp. 83 millim.
169. Pseudosphinx discistriga, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 209; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. 11, pl. 73, tigs. 1, 1 a, 1 6 (pupa and larva); C.§ S. no. 176.
Diludia melanomera, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 13; C. § S. no. 177.
Diludia macromera, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) x, p. 435.
Diludia grandis, But. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 260; C. & S. no. 175,
Diludia rubescens, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, pp. 260, 623; C. § S. no. 178.
Macrosila obliqua, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 208; C. & S. no. 174.
Anceryx increta, Walk. Cat. xxxi, p. 86; C. § S. no. 179.
Diludia vates, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p.13; C. § S. no. 180.
Anceryx pinastri, W/k. Cat. viii, p. 223.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing grey ; dark brown bands
along sides of palpi and thorax meeting on metathorax, where
there are a few blue and yellow scales; a dark line down vertex
of abdomen and paired more diffused subdorsal lines. Fore
wing with some dark strige from the costa; two dark streaks
in the interspaces below veins 2 and 3; a dark streak from the
costa before the apex, curved down to vein 6, then upwards and
bent back before reaching the apex; a series of submarginal
lunules; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing brown, with
106 SPHINGID &.
a pale patch with two dark lines across it near anal angle. Under-
side paler, with indistinct transverse lines.
There are four well-marked varieties which are not locally
constant :—
(1) rubescens, a dark red-brown form with a prominent oblique
black streak from costa of fore wing to lower end of cell ;
hind wing very dark.
(2) discistriga=melanomera=macromera=grandis, a grey form,
much powdered and suffused with dark brown.
(3) obliqua, a whitish-grey form with a prominent black streak
on fore wing as in rubescens, but continued to the outer
di
Fig. 61.—Pseudosphinx discistriga, 3. 1.
margin; hind wing very dark; the patch at anal angle
remaining pale.
(4) inereta=vates, a pale form but slightly powdered with
brown.
Larva green, with white specks on the vertex of somites 1, 2,
and 3; oblique white lateral stripes on somites 4-11, with brown
streaks above them on somites 4 and 10.
Hab. China and throughout India and Ceylon. xp. 90-140
voillim.
170. Pseudosphinx concolor, n. sp.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey ; sides of head black; collar
fringed with black, and tegule streaked with black. Fore wing
erey; traces of a medial ferruginous band most prominent on
inner area: two black streaks in the interspaces between veins 2
and 4; dark points on the cilia at veins. Hind wing reddish
brown, the cilia uniform grey
Differs from the European pinastri and allies in the uniform
PSEUDOSPHINX.—APOCALYPSIS. 107
colour of abdomen; fore wing in having no black streak from
apex; cilia not chequered black and white.
Hab. Subathu; Simla (Harford). Exp.50 millim. Typein B. M.
Genus APOCALYPSIS.
Apocalypsis, Butl. Trans. Zool. Suc. ix, p. 641 (1876).
Type, A. velox, Butl.
Range. Sikhim; Khasi Hills.
Differs from Pseudosphinw in the fore wing being more produced
and pointed at apex, the outer margin more oblique and straight,
not crenulate.
171. Apocalypsis velox, Buti. Tr. Z. S. ix, p. 641; C.§ S. no. 173.
Head dark brown ; thorax dark brown, with pale paired lines on
each side of vertex ; ‘ehglennen dark inom, with a series of black
dorsal streaks and Hack segmental lines with white specks on them.
Fore wing dark brown ; alines spots at extremities of the veins,
Fig. 62.—Apocalypsis velox, 8. t.
which are pale; pale obliquely waved antemedial double lines; a
curved postmedial pale band formed of three conjoined lines; a
yellow streak from the apex continued as a very dentate line to
outer angle. Hind wing dark brown, with traces of lines near anal
angle; inner margin ochreous ; cilia chequered ochreous and brown.
Underside of both wings brown with medial and postmedial in-
distinct lines.
Hab, Sikhim; Khasis. xp. 136 millim.
108 SPHINGID #.
Genus NEPHELE.
Nephele, Hiibn. Verz. p. 135 (1818).
Type, WV. hespera, Fabr.
Range. Throughout India and Ceylon; Australia; Madagascar ;
Africa.
Antenne with the terminal hook rather short and slight; palpi
with the second joint very broad and rounded. Wings rather short
and broad ; apex of fore wing but slightly acute.
Pupa with the anterior somites narrow ; no external sheath for
proboscis.
172. Nephele hespera, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 546; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 72, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 (pupa and larva); C. § S. no. 185.
Sphinx chiron, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii. p. 62.
Sphinx didyma, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 148.
ce quaterna, Charpentier, Ed. Esper’s Exot. Schmett., Sph. pl. 1,
g. 2,
Sphinx morpheus, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii, p. 84.
Perigonia obliterans, Wk. Cat. xxxi, p. 28.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-brown or green; abdomen
with lateral black segmental bands. Fore wing olive-brown or
green, with six faint waved lines and an angled submarginal line,
1
Fig. 63.—WNephele hespera, 3. }.
the space between it and outer margin paler; at the end of the cell
are two conspicuous silvery white spots, which may be reduced to
a small speck or be altogether obsolete. Hind wing red-brown ;
the cilia ochreous. Underside paler, each wing with two transverse
lines.
Larva green, with a pale stripe from 7th to 11th somites.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Australia.
GURELCA, 109
Subfamily MACROGLOSSIN 4.
Larva with the thoracic somites retractile and tapering to head ;
horn long and curved.
Imago. One medial and two lateral tufts of hair at end of
abdomen.
Fig. 64.—Larva of Macroglossa gilia (from Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 175, fig. 6).
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing more than twice length of an-
tenne.
a’, Antenne gradually fining to a long hook;
analetud tops niall lien ees eeuciep tei seas . 7, Ruoposoma, p. 122,
bo’. Antenne abruptly hooked; anal tufts
JETER OE odidpeacd oosOU RHO Ooch oDbOdo 6 6. Saraspes, p. 121.
b. Fore wing less than twice length of an-
tenne.
a. Antenne gradually fining to a long hook ;
outer margin of fore wing angulate,
IMMer MargiMEXCISeds ae) erie oa sieae « 1. GuRELCA, p. 109.
b’. Antenne abruptly hooked ; margins evenly
rounded.
a’, Fore wing with vein 6 from end of cell ;
hind wing with veins 3, 4, and 6, 7,
from end of cell.
a®, Cell of hind wing of normal length.
a’, Antenne abruptly thickening to (ios lata
thescluby) vas. shee sok ane 2. RHOPALOPSYCHE,
6%, Antenne gradually thickening to [p. 112.
ClO FAA REE Ne oN ae 3. MACROGLOSSA,
6%. Cell of hind wing short .......... 4, Hemants, p. 119.
6’. Fore wing with vein 6 given off after
end of cell; hind wing with veins 3, 4,
and 6, 7 stalked; the cell extremely
SINGS oc cocueboonocoeouobuLeobeCDne 5, CEPHONODES, p.120,
Genus GURELCA.
Gurelea, Kirby, Proc. Roy. Dubl. Soc. 11, p. 330 (1880),
Type, G. hyas, Wik.
Range. N. India; Mhow; Java; China; Japan.
Antenne gradually fining toa long hook. Palpi with the second
joint rather broad ; crest on head well developed. Fore wing with
outer margin angled.
110 SPHINGID &.
Sect. I. Hind wing with the costa much excised.
173. Gurelca hyas, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 107; Butl. Trans. Zool. Soc. ix,
pl. 90, figs. 1-3 (larva and pupa); C. § S. no. 40.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown; the collar and tegule
outlined with red-brown; abdomen with some red-brown lateral
segmental marks. ore wing grey-brown, a black speck at base ;
two indistinct pale curved ante-
’ ZEB medial lines ; a grey streak on
= = discocellulars, with a dark red-
nes Coy brown patch on each side of it ;
two highly angulate postmedial
SS lines, with a pale line between
them from vein 3 to inner mar-
gin ; a red-brown streak below
vein 4; a red-brown mark on
inner margin before the outer
angle; a curved submarginal
line ; a subtriangular dark mar-
ginal patch below the apex. Hind wing yellow, with an annular
spot on discocellulars ; a broad evenly curved marginal brown band.
Underside of both wings ochreous, much marbled and suffused
with red-brown and brown, with a broad, irregular, marginal,
grey-brown band ; inner area of hind wing yellow.
Larva green variegated with red-brown ; or else red-brown with
the thoracic somites green; lateral oblique streaks from 5th to 9th
somites.
Hab. Hongkong; Sikhim; Sylhet; Mhow; Java. Exp. 40 millim.
Fig. 65.—Gurelca hyas, 3.
a)
e
174. Gurelca masuriensis, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 244, pl. 36, fig. 8 ;
Es § S. no. 37.
Lophura himachala, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 621; C. §& S. no. 42.
Lophura erebina, bal. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 621; C. & S. no, 43.
Differs from hyas in the thorax and abdomen being more
marbled with red-brown. Fore wing with the markings confused
by being more marbled; the dark mark on inner margin near
outer angle absent. Hind wing much more produced at apex ;
the marginal band broader at the costa, narrower towards anal
angle, with its inner edge straight.
Hab. Mussooree; N.E. Himalayas. wp. 50 millim.
*175. Gurelca macroglossoides, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1851; C$ S.
no. 56.
From the description this species would appear to differ from
hyas and masuriensis in the fore wing being “powdered with
cinereous bloom,” with some oblique irregular lines; a black sub-
GURELCA.—RHOPALOPSYCHE. 1001
costal streak intersected by a forked, slightly gilded line; an
undulated gilded submarginal line. Hind wing with part of the
base dark, the yellow band with curved margin.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 48 millim.
Srcr. II. The costa of hind wing very slightly excised
before the apex.
176. Gurelca pusilla, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 244; C. § S. no. 38,
Lophura pumilio, Boisd. Spec. Gén.i. p. 811; C. §& S. no. 389.
¢. Differs from hyas in there being a black spot at end of cell of
fore wing; a broad, oblique dark band from costa beyond the cell
to centre of inner margin. Hind wing with the marginal band
red-brown. Underside ; fore wing with the marginal band narrow
at outer angle; hind wing with medial and postmedial curved
lines ; no marginal band.
Hab. Cachar; Sylhet. Hap. 30 millim.
Genus RHOPALOPSYCHE.
Rhopalopsyche, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 239.
Type, &. nycteris, Koll.
Range. Himalayas and Peninsular India.
Antenne clubbed, the basal half thin, the hook short and slight ;
with no bands of ciliz in male. Palpi with the apex porrect and
acutely scaled; fore wing not more than twice the length of
antennee, the outer margin excurved. Flight diurnal.
177. Rhopalopsyche nycteris, Koll. Hiig. Kaschm. iv, p. 458, pl. 19,
Ines, 25) B (ORNS P SH IOS eh
Macroglossa volucris, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 94.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown; abdomen with lateral
yellow bands on the first three segments; the penultimate segment
fringed with white; four lateral tufts in-
creasing in size posteriorly, the first two
white, the others black tipped with orange,
anal tufts black. Fore wing grey-brown ;
some subbasal indistinct lines ; an antemedial
band, recurved towards the base at inner
margin; three postmedial curved lines; a
square brown spot on the costa before the
apex, with a black spot below it, from which
a waved oblique line runs to the apex. Hind
wing black-brown with a broad medial yellow
Fig. 66.—Rhopalopsyche band. ; :
nycteris, @. 2}. Hab. Himalayas; Khisis; Burma. Evp.
41 millim.
112 SPHINGIDA.
178. Rhopalopsyche bifasciata, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 239, pl. 36,
fig. 4; C.§ S. no. 7.
Differs from nycteris in having the antemedial band darker; the
interspace between the first two postmedial lines filled in with
dark so as to form a band. Hind wing with the band extending
nearly to the base and bright orange in colour, as are the lateral
bands on abdomen.
Hab. Nilgiris, 3000-8000 feet. Hp. 42 millim.
Genus MACROGLOSSA.
Macroglossum, Scop. Intr. Hist. Nat. p. 414 (1777).
Rhamphoschisma, Wallengr. Gifv. af Kongl. Vet.-Akad. xv, p. 139
(1858).
Type, A. stellatarum, Linn.
Range. Europe; Africa; Asia; and Australasian region.
Antenne gradually thickening to a club; male with tufts of
cilia. Fore wing with outer margin evenly rounded.
The species are numerous, closely allied, and difficult to discri-
mixate.
Group I. Male with the costa of hind wing evenly arched.
A. Hind wing dark red.
179. Macroglossa fervens, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 4, pl. 1, fig. 3;
C. § S. no. 15.
Macroglossa regulus, Boisd. Spec. Gén. i. p. 385; C. § S no. 14.
Head and thorax olive-green ; basal segments of abdomen olive-
green above, reddish yellow at sides ; distal three segments black ;
the penultimate segment fringed with white; anal tufts black,
tipped with fulvous. Fore wing dark red-brown, with a promi-
nent antemedial dark band; two postmedial lines, one fine, the
other diffused; an obscure dark mark on the costa before the
apex, with a black streak below it. Hind wing bright red with
dark border. Underside: palpi white; thorax ochreous; abdo-
men red-brown and brown, with lateral white tufts on 4th seg-
ment; wings red, with base yellow and outer border brown.
Hab. Kanara; Nilgiris, 3000-4000 feet. Zap. 44 millim.
180. Macroglossa vialis, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 240, pl. 36, fig. 5;
C. §& S. no. 12.
Differs from fervens in the head and thorax being rufous; ab-
domen red-brown, the terminal segments not black; the lateral
yellow bands less developed ; the lateral tufts rafous. Fore wing
with the dark antemedial band less prominent and nearer the
base ; the postmedial lines less angled. Hind wing with the dark
margin broader.
Hab. Kanara. Exp. 44 millim.
MACROGLOSSA. - 113
181. Macroglossa gyrans, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 91; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 93, fig. 1; C1. § S. no. 13.
Differs from fervens in the head and thorax being grey-brown :
the basal segments of abdomen red-brown above, each segment
fringed by a few metallic blue scales, the penultimate segment
with longer white fringe, the distal segments less black. Fore
wing grey-brown, with three antemedial fine lines and three post-
medial curved lines. Hind wing with the dark border diffused.
Underside of thorax white; wings duller red, except at inner
margin of hind wing.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Siam. wp. 48 millim.
182. Macroglossa affictitia, Buti. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 240, pl. 36, fig. 7;
GSS Senor ik
Macroglossa zena, Boisd. Sphing. p. 537; C. §& S. no. 18 (part.).
Differs from gyrans in the terminal segments of the abdomen
being brown above, with lateral black patches; no white fringe to
penultimate segment. Fore wing with the antemedial lines re-
placed by a band as in fervens. Hind wing with the base brown,
the marginal brown band broad. Underside with the inner area
of hind wing yellower.
Hab. Simla; 8. India; Ceylon. xp. 52 millim.
B. Hind wing with a yellow band.
183. Macroglossa stellatarum, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, 2, p. 803; Esp.
Schmet. ui. pl. 13, figs. 1-3 (larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 9.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale grey-brown; abdomen with
pale yellow lateral marks on 4th segment, the tufts at sides of
distal segments black and white and well developed. Fore wing
grey-brown, with one antemedial and one postmedial line promi-
nent, the former waved, the latter curved; the first two ante-
medial lines obsolescent, as also are the first and third post-
medial lines; the first two postmedial lines close together; the
dark mark near apex almost obsolete. Hind wing dusk ky at base ;
medial area reddish yellow; outer margin reddish.
Larva purplish brown or greenish, with numerous white specks ;
a whitish subdorsal line ending in the bluish horn; a yellow sub-
_spiracular line; head ochreous.
Hab. Palearctic region; N. Africa; Sind; Punjab; Cochin
China. xp. 44-54 millim.
184. Macroglossa belis, Cram. Pap. Evot.i, p. 147, pl. 940; Buti.
Trans. Zool. Soc. ix, pl. 90, figs. 6 & 7 (larva and pupa); C. § S.
no. 18 (part.).
Macroglossa troglodytus, Boisd. Sphing. p. 344.
Macroglossa opis, Boisd. Sphing. p. 345.
Macroglossum assimilis, Seains. Zool. Lil. ser. i. 1820, vol. i. pl. 64.
Macroglossa phyrrhula, Bovsd. Sphing. p. 338.
Differs from affictitia in the head, thorax, abdomen, and fore
VOL. I. I
114. SPHINGID A.
wings being redder brown; the two lines forming the antemedial
band of the fore wing not filled in with black; the postmedial
lines not so parallel, the second being nearer the first at the costa,
the third at inner margin; the patch near apex reddish brown,
with no dark streak below it. Hind wing with band reddish
yellow.
Fig. 67.—Macroglossa belis, . 3
Te
The form trogledytus is rather narrower winged.
Larva black ; the head red; a white subdorsal line; the sides
spotted and streaked with red and yellow.
Hab, China and throughout India and Ceylon. Exp. 46-60
millim,
185. Macroglossa belia, Himpsn, Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, fig. 15.
2. Differs from belis in the antemedial band of the fore wing
being much broader; the postmedial band broader and more
angulate below the costa; the third postmedial line absent.
Hind wing with the marginal dark border broader and more
even. Underside: abdomen paler; wings with the transverse
lines absent.
Hab, Trincomali, Ceylon. wp. 58 millim.
186. Macroglossa proxima, Buti. P. Z. 8.1875, p. 4, pl.i, fig. 1; C. & S.
no. 20; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. pl. 91, figs. 1, 1a, 1 6 (larva and pupa).
Macroglossa luteata, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 241; C. & S. no. 19.
Macroglossa obscura (Up. Tenasserim), Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc.
1890, p. 162 (nec Butl.).
Head, thorax, and abdomen rufous (in Malaccan and Tenas-
serim specimens dark brown) ; abdomen without the lateral black
marks on distal segments; the anal tufts ruddy at tips. Fore
wing with all the lines obsolescent, the postmedial lines less bent ;
the markings being reddish and ill-defined. Hind wing with the
band pure yellow and narrower, so that the marginal dark border
is broader. Underside as in belis,
Larva dark violet-brown, with white dorsal specks; a subdorsal
yellow line on 2nd to 4th somites and 10th and 11th somites;
white subspiracular spots on 7th to 11th somites; horn long and
MACROGLOSSA. IIL)
tuberculate. In a later stage there are yellow and olive-brown
transverse dorsal lines and yellow lateral spots, or the lateral
spots may be pinkish dashed with yellow ; the horn short.
Hab. Sylhet ; Cachar; Kanara; Ceylon ; Tenasserim; Malacca.
Exp. 50-60 millim.
187. Macroglossa semifasciata, n. sp.
3S. Differs from prowima in having prominent black lateral
patches to the abdomen; underside with paired ventral dark
patches. Fore wing with the lower part of the interspace be-
tween the antemedial lines filled in with black; the postmedial
lines excurved.
Hab. E. Pegu; Labuan. wp. 62 millim. Type in B. M.
188. Macroglossa bengalensis, Boisd. Sphing. p. 341; C.§ S. no. 28.
Macroglossa taxicolor, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 887; id. Lep. Ceyl.
ii. pl. 90, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 22.
Macroglossa corythus (N. India), Borsd. Sphing. p. 839 (nec Wik.).
Differs from prowima in the lines of the fore wing being much
better defined, two of them forming an antemedial and two others
a postmedial band filled in with reddish brown; the dark sub-
apical streak well developed. Hind wing with the yellow band
varying rather in width. Abdomen with a dark dorsal spot on
the terminal segment.
Larva green, with a yellow streak from the 9th segment to the
horn; or pale brown with black streaks above the yellow streak
and stigmata, and others forming a broken subdorsal line.
Hab. Nilgiris, 6000 feet ; Pondicherry; Ceylon. vp. 56 millim.
189. Macroglossa sitiene, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 92; C. § S. no, 24.
Macroglossa nigrifasciata, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 241, pl. 37, fig. 3 ;
C. §& S. no. 34.
Macroglossa orientalis, Butl. Trans. Z. S. ix, p. 528; C. § S.
no. 27.
Differs from bengalensis in the thorax being olive-brown. Fore
wing without the reddish tinge; the antemedial band filled in
with black, and recurved along inner margin; the first two post-
medial lines rather more angled below the costa; the black sub-
apical streak and spot on terminal segment of the abdomen
strongly developed. Underside with three transverse lines on
hind wing.
The form sitiene has the yellow band on the hind wing rather
narrower than in nigrifasciata=ortentalis.
Hab. Cachar; Moulmein; Ceylon; Amboina; Formosa. vp.
54-60 millim.
190. Macroglossa glaucoptera, But/. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 241, pl. 36, fig. 9;
C.§ S. no. 35.
g. Differs from bengalensis in the whole base of the fore wing
12
=
116 _ SPHINGID 2®.
being black-brown, with no grey band between the lines; the
whole exterior area also very dark, so that the medial and post-
medial grey bands are obscured, and the lines and subapical
markings obliterated. Hind wing with the yellow band very
narrow. Head dark grey; thorax and abdomen bright rufous,
the latter with yellow and black lateral markings on the anterior
segments ; the anal tuft black, with the tip rufous.
2. Thorax and abdomen olivaceous; the fore wing not quite
so dark as in the male; hind wing with the band broader.
Hab. Ceylon. Lap. 52 millim.
191. Macroglossa walkeri, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 4.
Macroglossa bombylans, Boisd. Sphing. p. 834; C. § S. no. 16.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-green, the last with yellow
lateral bands on anterior segmeuts, the 4th also with a rufous
band; the terminal segments black with some rufous scales; the
penultimate segment fringed with white; palpi and pectus white
below; abdomen rufous, with white lateral tufts to 3rd and 4th
segments. Fore wing red-brown, with a black antemedial band
recurved along inner margin; the first two postmedial lies pro-
winent; the third and subapical markings obsolescent. Hind
wing with a narrow yellow band, which is broken at the middle
in the male. Underside dark red-brown, with the lines very
faint ; the base of both wings white.
Hab. Japan; China; Himalayas, and throughout N. India.
Exp., 6 44, 2 52 millim.
192, Macroglossa avicula, Boisd. Sphing. p. 334.
Macroglossa obscuripennis, Butl. Trans. Z, S. ix, p. 633.
Only differs from walkert in the fringe to penultimate segment
of the abdomen and the lateral tufts on 3rd and 4th segments being
yellow ; the hind wing with the yellow band quite obsolete.
In walkert and avicula the club of the antenne in the males is
very thick.
Hab. Java and ? Central India (ap. Boisd.). Ewp. 44 millim.
*193. Macroglossa lepcha, Butl. Trans. Z. S. ix, p.635; C. § S. no. 17.
Differs from walkeri in the terminal segments of the abdomen
being olive-green, not black. Fore wing with the two postmedial
lines more distinct, with a dark mark on the outer one at inner
margin ; the subapical marks more prominent, continued as a waved
submarginal line to outer angle.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 56 millim.
“
i
4
MACROGLOSSA. Ay
194. Macroglossa insipida, Buti. P. Z. S.1875, p. 242; C. §& S. no. 10;
Moore, Lep, Ceyl. ii, pl. 92, figs. 3 a, 6 (larva and pupa).
Macroglossa catapyrrha, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 243, pl. 36, fig. 6 ;
C. & S. no. 26.
Head and thorax grey, with a rufous line on vertex; tegule
rufous, fringed with grey; abdomen grey, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
segments with yellow lateral bands and paired dark spots on the
vertex ; some darker marks on terminal segments; anal tuft grey
at base, black at tip; palpi white below; thorax pale brown ; abdo-
men rufous, with white lateral tufts. Fore wing grey; two in-
distinct subbasal lines; an antemedial curved dark band; three
postmedial double curved lines; the subapical markings prominent
and continued towards outer angle as a submarginal line. Hind
wing with a yellow band constricted at middle. Underside rufous
yellow; both wings with an irregular dark margin; hind wing
with three transverse lines, of which there are traces on the fore
wing.
In typical insipida there is a pinkish suffusion to the body
and fore wing. Both forms occur in Ceylon, but catapyrrha only
in N. India.
Larva pale red with purplish dots; a pale subdorsal line with
dark margins; dark lateral oblique stripes from 3rd to 10th
somites ; horn black. arly stage dull brown.
Hab. N.W. Provinces; Sikhim; Bhutan; Ceylon. Hap. 40-48
millim.
195. Macroglossa gilia, Herr.-Schdffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
pp. 59, 79, pl. 23, fig. 107; C.§ S. no. 25; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix,
pl. 175, fig. 6 (larva).
Differs from insipida in the head, thorax, abdomen, and fore
wing being grey without a rufous tinge; tegule grey, without the
pale fringe. ore wing with the antemedial band wide at inner
margin and straighter.
Larva bright green ; a pale dorsal stripe with brown line through
it; a pale subdorsal stripe, with red-brown edge above ; dorsal area
speckled with brown ; spiracles black, with oblique brown stripes
between them ; lateral area speckled with white; horn black, with
yellow tip; legs pink.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Java; China. Ewp. 44-54
millim.
196. Macroglossa divergens, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 94; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 92, fig. 2; C. & S. no. 33.
Head, thorax, and first two segments of abdomen rufous; tegule
fringed with grey ; 3rd and 4th segments of abdomen with lateral
yellow bands and paired black dorsal spots ; a black dorsal spot on
terminal segment ; underside reddish. Fore wing greyish brown ;
the antemedian band wide and recurved along inner margin ; two
118 SPHINGIDA.
curved postmedial diffused bands, which are daik with red-brown
on their inner sides ; the subapical markings indistinct. Hind wing
and underside as in svtiene.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 54 millim.
197. Macroglossa imperator, Butl. P. Z. 8.1875, p. 243, pl. 37, fig. 4;
C. §& Sno. 31.
Differs from divergens in the dark stripe on vertex of head and
thorax being much broader and more prominent; tegule rufous,
but without the pale fringe. Fore wing with the antemedial band
much breader, especially at inner margin; the postmedial band
black, much broader, and angled at vein 6, where it is joined to
the subapical markings ; the submarginal line obsolescent. Hind
wing with the yellow band broader and hardly constricted at
middle. Underside with the lines on hind wing rather more pro-
minent.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exp. 74 millim.
198. Macroglossa rectifascia, Fuld. Reis. Nov. pl. 75, fig. 7; C. § S.
no. 32; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 90, fig. 2.
Differs from imperatorin the head and thorax being greyish
black, the latter with a rufous patch posteriorly. Fore wing with
the basal third blue-black ; the two postmedial lines nearer together
and not filled in with black, but angled so as to join the subapical
markings ; the outer area much clouded with black. Hind wing
with the ground-colour almost black.
Hab. Formosa; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exp. 48-64 millim.
199. Macroglossa faro, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, p. 165, pl. 285 c.
Differs from rectifascia in the thorax and abdomen being pale
red-brown; a rufous stripe on head and thorax. Fore wing
lighter in colour, with the area beyond the postmedial lines less
clouded with black.
Hab. Java and ? Coromandel (ap. Cram.). Exp. $ 76 millim.
200. Macroglossa hemichroma, Buti. P. ZS. 1875, p. 243, pl. 37,
fig. 1; C. § S. no. 29.
Differs from faro in having the whole basal half of the fore w ing
grey, with a sharp outw ardly oblique margin defining the olive-
brown outer area; the lines indistinct.
Hab. Sylhet. Exp. 70 millim.
MACROGLOSSA.—HEMARIS. 119
Grovr II. Male with the costa of the hind wing produced into
a triangular lobe covered with black scales, which is folded
over on the upper surface of the wing.
201. Macroglossa interrupta, Buti. P. Z. 8.1875, p. 242, pl. 37, fig. 2;
C. §& S. no. 23.
Macroglossa aquila, Botsd. Sphing. p. 340; C. & S. no. 21.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; abdomen with
broad yellow and black lateral bands on the 3rd and 4th segments ;
underside bright red, with some white on the first three segments ;
small white lateral tufts; a white spot on the penultimate seg-
ment; palpi and pectus white. Fore wing brown, with a purplish
gloss ; the basal area suffused with black, obscuring the lines ; the
three postmedial lines present; a dark mark on the outer margin
below the apex above the usual subapical streak. Hind wing with
the yellow band much indented. Underside red; hind wing with
three transverse lines.
Hab, Sikhim; Sylhet. Hep. 54 millim.
Genus HEMARIS.
Hemaris, Dalm. Vet. Akad. Handl. p. 207 (1816).
Type, H. scabiose, Zell., from Europe.
Range. Nearctic and Palearctic regions.
Disk of wings usually hyaline; the palpi much shorter than in
Macroglossa, the shape and antenne similar. Fore wing with vein
10 absent, 9 sending some veinlets to the costa and anastomosing
with 8 just before the apex; cell of hind wing short.
202. Hemaris fuciformis, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, (2) p. 803,
Hemaris simillima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 391; C. § S. no. 44.
Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with long, fine, olive-green
pile ; the 3rd and 4th segments of abdomen dark red; anal tufts
black. Fore wing hyaline, with costa and inner margin olive-
green; the outer margin with a broad dark-red band; a disco-
cellular black band. Hind wing hyaline, the inner margin olive-
sreen, the outer margin dark red; the cilia brown.
Hab. Europe; Kangra. Exp. 46 millim.
203. Hemaris saundersi, Wik. Cat. viii, p. 83; C. § 8. no. 4.
Differs from fuciformis in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
normally scaled. Fore wing without the discocellular band ; the
120 SPHINGID®.
marginal band narrow at outer angle. Hind wing without the
red border.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Punjab. £xrp. 56 millim.
Fig. 68.—Hemaris saundersi, $. }.
204. Hemaris rubra, n. sp.
Antenne black: palpi black at sides, white below; head and
thorax dull greenish olive; abdomen black, clothed with olive down
above, the second segment with a broad white band, the 3rd, 4th,
and 5th segments each with a slight white dorsal dash, lateral
white tufts on 5th and 6th segments, anal tuft black. Fore wing
red-brown, the base olive ; traces of a pale medial oblique band; a
dark marginal line. Hind wing bright red-brown, with a dark
marginal line; cilia grey. Underside of head, thorax, and base of
wings whitish. One male has the down on abdomen black.
Hab. Sind and Gurais Valleys, Kashmir (Leech); Balta (Mc-
Arthur), Exp., § 48-52, 9 68 millim. Type in coll. Leech.
Genus CEPHONODES.
Cephonodes, Hiibn. Verz. p. 151 (1816).
Type, C. hylas, Fabr.
Range. 8. and W. Africa, Madagascar; Japanese, Indian, Ma-
jayan, and Australian regions.
Fore wing with vein 6 given off after the end of the cell, 10
absent, 9 sending veinlets to the costa and anastomosing with 8.
Hind wing with the cell extremely short, veins 3 and 4 and 6 and 7
stalked.
205. Cephonodes hylas, Zinn. Mant. p.539; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 93,
figs. 4a, 6 (larva and pupa); C. §& S. no. 5.
Sphinx picus, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 83.
Macroglossum kingii, MeLeay, King’s Surv. Austr. App. p. 465.
Macroglossa cunninghami, Schaufuss, Nung. Otiosus, i, p. 22.
Macroglossa apus, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. pl. 79.
CEPHONODES.—SATASPES. IAL
Differs from Hemaris saundersi in the marginal borders being
very narrow and black ; the abdomen varies in colour from yellow to
green ; in typical hylas the 8rd and 4th segments are bright red,
in the variety cunnenghami only the 4th is red, but there is more
red on the terminal segments below.
Fig. 69.—Cephonodes hylas, S. }+.
Larva green; a white-bordered blue dorsal line and whitish sub-
dorsal line ending in a yellow streak at base of horn ; head and
spiracles blue.
Hab. W. and 8. Africa; Japan; throughout India to Australia
and Gilbert Islands. wp. 64 millim.
Genus SATASPES.
Sataspes, Moore, Lep. E. I. C. i, p. 261.
Type, S. infernalis, Westw.
Range. China; Himalayas; Assam; S. India.
Antenne of nearly equal breadth throughout; hook short and
slight; male with tufts of ciliz very long. Palpi with the second
joint of moderate size and roundly scaled. Fore wing much
produced at apex; the discocellulars very oblique, with vein 5
given off below the centre; vein 10 absent, 9 sending veinlets to
the costa and anastomosing with 8 before the apex. Anal tufts
large.
206. Sataspes infernalis, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 61, pl. 80, fig. 3;
C. & S.no. 1.
Sataspes uniformis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p.8; C. § S. no. 2.
Head greyish black ; collar and thorax with golden-yellow hairs
mingled with the black; abdomen black, with a few scattered
yellow hairs, the last two or three segments yellow above; anal
tuft black. Wings black; fore wing with a purplish gloss; the
base grey; an antemedial grey band; costa of hind wing white.
Underside uniform black.
12) SPHINGID &.
In the form wniformis the last two segments of the abdomen are
entirely or almost black.
Hab. Nepal ; Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Burma; Coimbatore.
Exp. 66 millim.
Fig. 70.—Sataspes infernalis, g. }.
207. Sataspes ventralis, Bil. P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 3; C. § 8. no. 3.
Sataspes tagalica, Botsd. Sphing. p. 278, pl. 10, figs. 3, 4.
Differs from infernalis in the last four or five segments of the
abdomen being yellow below. Fore wing with a steely green gloss.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Burma; Hongkong. zp. 66 millim.
Genus RHODOSOMA.
Rhodosoma, Butl. Trans. Z. S. ix, p. 534 (1876).
Type, 2. triopus, Westw.
Range. Sikhim ; Assam.
Antenne gradually decreasing to the hook, which is long. Palpi
with the apex quadrately scaled. Abdomen truncate at apex; the
anal and lateral tufts very short. Fore wing much produced and
broad. Hind wing also broad.
208. Rhodosoma triopus, Westw. Cab. Or, Ent. p. 14, pl. 6, fig. 4;
C.§ S. no. 86.
Head and thorax olive-green or fulvous with two yellow stripes ;
abdomen black, with lateral crimson bands on segments 2 to 5,
that on the 4th being the most extensive; fulvous dorsal and
lateral spots on segments 5 to 8; anal tuft black, the lateral
tufts fulvous. Fore wing brownish black, crossed by three ante-
medial outwardly oblique black bands; a large white quadrate
spot beyond the discocellulars; postmedial, submarginal, and
marginal black bands. Hind wing black, with a large white patch
on the costa before the apex; some fulvous postmedial specks
on the nervules; anal angle with a crimson and white patch.
Underside: thorax fulvous ; abdomen red, with four pairs of black
RHODOSOMA. 123
spots. Fore wing suffused with red-brown. Hind wing red, with
medial and postmedial black lines.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam. vp. 68-78 millim.
nM
°
Fig. 71.—Rhodosoma triopus, 3.
Species formerly recorded as Indian, which are omitted.
Cephonodes cyaniris, Kirby, C. & S. no. 6. This was a lapsus calami
for cynniris, Guér. leon. Ins. p. 495, from Mauritius.
The Dublin specimen recorded from Sylhet was without
locality, and is either that species or janus, Miskin,
P. Roy. Soc. Qd. viii, pt. 1, 1890, p. 6, from Australia.
Macroglossa fringilla, Boisd., C. & S8.no. 30. This species is
allied to the Australian erruns, and is probably not Indian.
The markings of the fore wing are too vaguely described
for identification.
Sphinx bubastus, Cram., C. & S. no. 72, is probably a Cahomma
from America.
Cherocampa stipularis, Swinh., C. & 8. no. 87,= Deilephila koma-
rovi, Chr. Rom. Mém. i, p. 169, pl. xv, fig. 2, is from
Afghanistan.
Smerinthus kindermanit, Led., C. & 8S. no. 151, isfrom Kandahar.
Hyloicus asvaticus, Butl., C. & 8. no. 181,=pinastri, Linn. The
register of the type, which was bought from a dealer, is
“probably Scinde,” and is almost certainly wrong.
Sphinx sanguinosa, Martyn, C. &S. no. 184, is Empyrewma lichas,
Fabr., a Zygenid from the W. Indies.
Sphine minus, Fabr., C. & S.no. 67. The description is too vague
for identification, and the habitat may not be India.
Sphine asiliformis, Fabr., C. & S. nos. 41, 205, is from the
W. Indies, and is probably a Zygvenid.
124 NOTODONTID #.
Family NOTODONTID.
A family of moths superficially resembling the Noctuide.
Mid tibia with one pair of spurs; hind tibia with two pairs ;
tarsi short and hairy. Fore wing with vein la forming a fork
with 1 6 at the base; 1¢ absent; vein 5 from the middle of disco-
cellulars, or rarely from just below upper angle of cell*. Hind
wing with two internal veins; vein 5 from the centre of the
discocellulars or rarely absent ; 8 free from the base, curved, and
running close along the subcostal nervure or juined to it by a bar.
Larva without the anal prolegs, and carrying the anal somites
more or less erect; these often bear paired . processes, and are
sometimes swollen; the other somites often prominently humped.
Pupa naked.
Fig. 72.—Larva of Cerura liturata, +. (From Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. 11, pl. 120, fig. 1 a.)
Key to the Genera,
A, Fore wing with vein 5 from middle of disco-
cellulars.
a. Fore wing with no tuft of scales on inner
margin.
a’, End of abdomen with a tuft of long
spatulate scales.
a>, Fore wing with vein 10 anastomosing
with 8 10 form the areole ........ 1. TaRsoLeEPis, p. 126.
b?. Fore wing with vein 9 anastomosing
with 8 to form the areole ........ 2. Dupvsa, p. 128.
b'. End of abdomen without a tuft of spatu-
late scales.
a”, Hind wing with vein 5 present.
a®, Fore wing produced and narrow.
a*, Fore wing with the inner margin
produced into a triangular lobe. 10. Norraca, p. 187.
b*, Fore wing with the inner margin
produced into a rounded lobe.. 9. TuRNaca, p. 186.
c’. Fore wing with the inner margin
evenly curved.
a°. Fore wing with the apex acute.
a®. Fore wing very long.
a”. Fore wing with no areole. 5. Barapxsa, p. 131.
bo. Fore wing with anareole. 6. Racuta, p. 131.
0°. Fore wing shorter.
a’, Palpi upturned ...... «. 12. Pypna, p. 138:
bi) Palpiporrecti eee eee 13. Ramegsa, p. 142.
* Except in the genus Cyphanta, which may be the connecting link with the
Noctuide.
NOTODONTID &.
6°. Fore wing with the apex
rounded.
a®, Fore wing with vein 9 anas-
tomosing with 8 to form
the areole.
a’. Fore wing with vein5 from
centre of discocellulars.
a>, Palpi slight and fringed
with hair bid tephra
11. NiGanpa, p. 158.
b. Palpi broad androunded 8. GARGETTA, p. 155.
67, Fore wing with vein 5
from near upper angle
GiCGall posodace ;
. 23. DaMATA, p. 156.
68, Fore wing with vein Om amas
tomosing with 8 to form
the ar eole . fiat td aan ts
. PHALERA, p. 133
“I
(De, Fore wing not pr oduced and broad.
a‘, Fore wing with no areole.
a, Fore wing with the outer mar-
gin very irregular ..... :
17. ZARANGA, p. 146.
Bee Fore wing rial the outer are
, bin evenly curved.
. Hind wing with veins 2 and
3 from cell:
a’. Fore wing with vein 7
given off nearer the apex
thanylOM reps corte
. 18. Fentonia, p. 147.
é", Fore wing with vein 7
given off further from
the apex than 10.
a®, Fore wing broad, the
outer margin not cre-
nulate.
a’, Hind wing with veins
7 and 8 not bent up-
wards to the costa.
19. StauRopts, p. 149.
6°. Hind wing with veins
Zand 8bent upwards
to the costa .....
. 21. Liparopsis, p. 154.
6°. Fore wing narrower, the
outer margin crenulate. 27. PHEosta, p. 160.
b°, Hind wing with veins 2 and [p. 158.
B stalled’. 00. 00.8 :
6*, Fore wing with an areole.
. 25, METASCHALIS,
a. Fore wing with vein 9 anas-
tomosing with 8 to form the
areole.
a®, Fore wing with vein 6 from
angleroncell@e ty sasha tn
. 14, Zana, p. 144.
6°, Fore wing with vein 6 from
beyond angle of cell.
a’. Fore wing with the areole
long; vein 6 from before
the « endl of it.
a’, For wing with the
apex acute
apex rounded ...
........ 15. ANTICYRA, p. 144.
6°. Fore wing with the
... 26. CHADISRA, p. 159.
126 NOTODONTID A.
6". Fore wing with the areole
short, vein 6 from the
GGL OEM ocoosoanasce
6°. Fore wing with vein 10 anas-
tomosing with 8 to form the
areole.
a°, Fore wing with vein 6 from
beyond the angle of cell.
a”. Fore wing with vein 5
from near upper angle of
Celltech eas d500
o". Fore wing with vein 5
from centre of discocel-
lulars.
a®, Palpi short and porrect.
6°. Palpi upturned, reach-
ing vertex of head ..
&°. Fore wing with vein 6 from
angle of cell
a", Fore wing with the areole
short, vein 7 from its end.
bo’. Fore wing with the areole
long, vein 7 from before
ELC) Ss soonodoashads
b?. Hind wing with vein 5 absent.
a°®. Fore wing with the apex rounded.
6°. Fore wing with the apex acute and
ROMS ARG Goce ooogneHono soe
6. Fore wing with a prominent tuft of scales
on middle of inner margin.
a’, Hind wing with veins 2 and 3 from cell.
a*, Fore wing with no areole..........
6°. Fore wing with an areole.
a*, Fore wing with the outer margin
irregular; thorax with an erect
PULGOR hair yi ce Cece
6°. Fore wing with the outer margin
crenulatem hae iacryhoctt Geir
c°, Fore wing with the outer margin
MROHORINNEWEY sooacacace kedeae
6’. Hind wing with veins 2 and 5 stalked. .
c. Fore wing with prominent tufts of scales
at middle of inner margin and at outer
angle.
a’. Fore wing with vein 10 anastomosing
with 8 to form the areole ..........
6’. Fore wing with vein 9 anastomosing
with 8 to form the areole ..........
B. Fore wing with vein 5 from lower angle of
Oa, saben donanpoangbocanoncoscacanses
24,
16,
30.
36.
28.
. CERURA, p. 155.
DicrRANURA, p. 157.
ANTHEUVA, p. 145.
. SomERA, p. 153.
. Besar, p. 171,
CLEAPA, p. 171.
IcHTHYURA, p. 172.
. Haprera, p. 129.
Notroponta, p. 162.
. Napata, p. 130.
[p. 166.
30. LOPHOPTERYX,
29.
ol.
D0.
Genus TARSOLEPIS.
Tarsolepis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) x, p. 125 (1872).
Type, 7. remicauda, Butl.
Range. Sikhim ; Borneo.
Palpi porrect, first two joints hairy; third short and naked.
[p. 163.
HYPERZSCHRA,
MEGACERAMIS,
[p. 167.
SPATALIA, p. 168.
. APELA, p. 168.
7. CYPHANTA, p. 174,
TARSOLEPTS. 127
Hind femur with a tuft of long hair from near the extremity.
Abdomen long, with a large tuft of spatulate scales at extremity.
Fore wing long, with the apex acute, the outer margin crenulate ;
vein 6 from angle of cell, the areole short; veins 9 and 10 given
off near the apex. Hind wing with the cell short; vein 8 con-
nected with 7 by a bar; traces of forked veinlets in the cell of
both wings.
Scr. I. Antenne of male simple.
209. Tarsolepis fulgurifera, Wik. Cat. xiv, p. 1847; Buti. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 106, fig. 9; C. & S. no. 1201.
3g. Palpi and head pale and dark brown; a black band behind
the antenne; thorax and abdomen fawn-colour; dark transverse
lines across the pro-, meso-, and metathorax; abdomen with
lateral segmental fuscous bands. Fore wing fawn-colour, the
inner area dark brown from the lower angle of cell to inner margin
near the base and to outer margin below the apex; two oblique
dark subbasal lines from median nervure to vein 1 6; a black longi-
tudinal mark above inner margin on the dark area, outlined with
pale and black lines; a whitish streak below vein 2, with a rufous
line through it; a silvery streak below vein 4; black streaks in
the interspaces, growing short towards the apex; outer margin
whitish, with ochreous and brown lines; the cilia fulvous.
Hind wing fuscous; the basal area whitish, with a large fuscous
spot at end of cell. Hind leg wanting.
Hab. Naga Hills. Hap. 120 millim.
Sor. IJ. Antenne of male with the proximal two thirds bipectinate.
210. Tarsolepis remicauda, Buti. A. M. N. H. (4) x, p. 125, pl. viii.
$. Differs from fulgurifera in the head being without the black
Fig. 73.—Tarsolepis remicauda, 3. }.
band; the abdomen more fuscous. Fore wing more uniformly
suffused with brown; the black mark above inner margin reduced
128 NOTODONTID &.
to a slight streak ; a large triangular silvery mark in the interno-
median interspace, outlined with rufous brown; a similar mark
between veins 3 and 4; outer area dull brown, with a waved sub-
marginal line. Hind wing more suffused with fuscous over the
basal area. Hind leg with the femoral tuft brilliant scarlet.
Hab. Sikhim; Borneo. ap. 80 millim.
Genus DUDUSA.
Dudusa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 446 (1864).
Type, D. nobilis, W1k., from China, Malacca, Sumatra.
Range. China; Sikhim; Naga Hills; Malacca; Sumatra.
Palpi porrect, the first two joints hairy, the third short and
naked ; antennze with the branches short and stiff, and only ex-
tending to just beyond the middle ; abdomen with a large terminal
tuft of spatulate scales. Hind femur with no tuft. Fore wing
long, the apex acute, outer margin crenulate; vein 6 from angle
of cell; the areole long, with vein 10 given off from it. Hind
wing with a bar between veins 7 and 8; traces of forked veinlets
in the cell of both wings.
211. Dudusa sphingiformis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 577, pl. 34,
fir.1; C. §& S. no. 1188.
gd. Antenne and front of head black; thorax pale ochreous ;
collar and tegule with slight dark lines; abdomen black; the
Fig. 74.—Dudusa sphingiformis, g. }.
terminal tuft brownish. Fore wing pale ochreous, suffused with
—.
DUDUSA.—HAPIGIA. 129
brown and with black towards outer margin; some black strige
on costa, and blackish streaks and lunules towards outer margin;
a doubly curved pale postmedial line; pale lunulate submarginal
and marginal lines. Hind wing smoky black, with a darker spot
at end of cell; indistinct waved submarginal and marginal pale
lines. Underside pale, with a prominent black lunulate band to
both wings.
Hab, Sikhim, Naga Hills. Hxp. 96 millim.
Genus HAPIGIA.
Hapigia, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 376 (1852).
Type, H. nodicornis, Guen., from S. America.
Range. 8. America; Madras.
Palpi upturned, the second joint fringed with very long hairs,
third joint naked. Antenne ciliate. Fore wing long, the apex
acute, the outer margin very obliquely rounded ; veins 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked; no areole. Hind wing with vein 5 absent; 6 and 7
stalked ; 8 connected by a bar with 7.
The typical section has the third joint of palpi free and vein 6
of fore wing from angle of cell.
Sxor. II. Palpi with the hair on 2nd joint extending to apex of
3rd joint. Fore wing with vein 6 from above angle of cell.
212. Hapigia obliqua, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 766; C. § S. no. 2335,
Q. Head and thorax pale chestnut-brown ; apex of palpi black.
Fig. 75.—Hapigia obliqua, Q. 4.
Fore wing pale chestnut-brown, with four very oblique indistinct
VOL. I. K
130 NOTODONTID&.
lines the orbicular and reniform spots elongate; a dark lunulate
submarginal line incurved below the costa. Abdomen and hind
wing fuscous brown.
Hab. Madras. Hap. 104 millim.
Genus NADATA.
Nadata, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1062 (1855).
Type, WV. gibbosa, Abb., from N. America.
Range. N. America; Japan; Himalayas.
Palpi with the first two joints thickly fringed with scales, the
third naked and very short. Antenne with the branches short,
stiff, and reaching two thirds of length. Thorax with a long
upright tuft of hair on the vertex. Fore wing with the outer
margin crenulate or irregular; vein 6 given off beyond the cell ;
9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to near apex; a tuft of scales on
inner margin. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked, 8 running
close along 7 before end of cell.
Fore wing with outer margin more irregular in the Indian
species than in the typical American and Japanese forms.
213. Nadata niveiceps, Wik, Cat. xxxii, p. 554; C. § S. no. 1189.
2. Head, thorax, and fore wing very pale grey-brown ; abdomen
orange-yellow above. Fore wing with an indistinct brown mark
Fig. 76.—Nadata niveiceps, Q. }.
at end of cell and faint traces of a postmedial line; cilia in the
emarginations white. Hind wing pale yellow.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Zap. 100 millim.
BARADESA.—RACHIA. 131
Genus BARADESA.
Baradesa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 16.
Type, B. lithosiowdes, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Sylhet.
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the first two
joints clothed with hair, the third very short and naked. Fore
wing long and narrow, the apex acute; vein 6 given off after the
angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to near apex. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 running close along 7 to near
end of cell.
214. Baradesa lithosioides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 17, pl. 5, fig. 2;
C.§ S. no. 1216,
g. Head and thorax brown; abdomen yellow, the extremity
greyish brown. Fore wing brown, suffused with darker brown,
Fig. 77.—Baradesa lithosicides, 3. 4
1°
with numerous black lunulate marks, forming ill-defined lines; a
series of marginal black loops. Hind wing bright yellow; the
outer area fuscous ;_the cilia yellow.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet. vp. 88 millim.
Genus RACHIA.
Rachia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 70 (1879).
Type, &. plumosa, Moore.
Range. Sikbim.
Fore wing very long, the costa arched, apex acute; veins 6, 7,
8,9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 staiked; 8 ruu-
ning close beside 7 at middle of cell. Femora and tibie very hairy.
K 2
132 _- NOTODONTID#&.
Scr. I. Palpi short and porrect : antennz of male with the
branches very long, slender, and extending to apex.
215. Rachia plumosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 70; P. ZS. 1879, p. 405,
pl. 34, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 1209.
3. Head and collar dark brown; thorax and abdomen paler
brown. Fore wing pale red-brown, the whole wing suffused with
dark brown except the inner area, a submarginal band, and some
postmedial streaks below the costa and in and beyond end of cell,
Fig. 78.—Rachia plumosa, 8. +.
these last with chestnut streaks on them; indistinct waved post-
medial and submarginal lines; vein 1 streaked with black: outer
margin dark, irrorated with grey and spotted with black. Hind
wing brown, with an indistinct curved postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 79 millim.
Sror. IT. Palpi longer and upturned ; antenne of male with the
branches stiff, the terminal one-fourth filiform.
216. Rachia striata, n. sp.
3. Palpi black at sides. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale
brown. Fore wing pale brown, slightly clouded with fuscons,
especially towards apex; black streaks above veins 6 and 4; an
indistinet| fuscous postmedial band recurved at vein 3 to base of
inner margin; a black streak on centre of inner margin; a black
band from centre of outer margin to inner margin before outer
angle: some dark grey on outer margin, widest at outer angle.
Hind wing pale, with an indistinct postmedial line and a short
submarginal band at anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp, 80 millim. Type in cell. Elwes.
PHALERA, © 133
Genus PHALERA.
Phalera, Hiibn. Verz. p. 146 (1816).
Type, P. bucephala, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Kurope ; Japan; China; throughout India and Burma ;
Java.
Palpi upturned, the first two joints clothed with hair, the third
short and naked ; antenne fasciculate in male, ciliate in female ;
abdomen long. Fore wing long and narrow; vein 5 given off
from near upper angle of cell; 6 from beyond the angle; 9 and
10 anastomosing strongly with 8. Hind wing with vein 5 from
below angle of cell; 6 and7 ona long stalk ; 8 running close along
7 before the end of cell.
217. Phalera parivala, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 434; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 103, fig. 2; C. § S. no, 1518,
S$. Palpi dark brown; frons chestnut; vertex of head buff-
coloured ; thorax buff, fringed with dark brown ; the tegule grey,
mixed with brown ; abdomen brown, some specimens with indistinct
fuscous segmental bands. Fore wing dark brown, with traces of
waved dark lines; the basal. and outer areas suffused with grey ;
LF
Fig. 79.—Phalera parivala, d. 3}.
basal area defined by an indistinct waved rufous line ; orbicular and
reniform spots somewhat indistinct ; a large apical brownish-buft
patch extending as a series of lunulate submarginal marks to vein 3 ;
an indistinct waved submarginal black line ; cilia bright chestnut.
Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia chequered white and fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 80-90 millim.
134 NOTODONTID &.
218. Phalera sangana, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 483; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 103, fig. 4; C.§ S. no. 1521.
Phalera arenosa, Butl. A. M,N. H. (5) vi, p. 66; C. & S. no, 1514.
Phalera stigmigera, Butl. A. M. N. #. (5) vi, p. 66; C. § S. no. 1523.
¢ differs from parivala in the frons being black, the vertex of
head white, the vertex of thorax dark brown; the abdomen with
prominent dark segmental bands. Fore wing suffused over the
whole area with grey or ochreous grey; the subbasal line black ;
the submarginal lunulate band darker, with its lower part at-
tenuated ; a purplish mark near outer angle.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan. Lap. 82-93 millim.
219. Phalera torpida, W7k. Cat. xxxii, p. 431.
3 differs from sangana in the vertex of the head being buff ; the
abdomen uniform fuscous; fore wing slightly suffused with grey ;
the apical patch pale and small, and only extending to vein 5,
no mark near outer angle ; hind wing darker fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., 3 62-67, 9 78 millim.
220, Phalera procera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 96, fig. 1; C. § S.no. 1519.
Phalera bobi, Swinh. P. Z. 8. 1885, p. 302, pl. 21, fig. 6; C§ S.
no. 1515.
Differs from sangana in the fore wing having a large dark patch
on the inner margin near base; the apical patch large, rounded on
its inner side and terminating at vein 4.
In the form bobz, from Bombay and Burma, the hind wing is
fuscous, with traces of a pale medial line; in procera, from Sikhim,
it is much paler.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Nagas; Bombay; Burma. E£wp., ¢ 81,
© 84 millim.
221, Phalera raya, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 433; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 103, fig. 1; C. & S. no. 1520. P
Phalera grotei, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 484; C. §& S. no. 1517.
Phalera cossoides, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, i, p. 80; C. & S.
no. 1516.
Acrosema amboinee, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 96, fig. 2; C.§& S.no. 1513.
Differs from procera in the frons being buff; the fore wing
heavily suffused with silvery grey on basal and inner areas; the
apical patch paler.
Larva bluish white, with a paired subdorsal series of setiferous
warts ; lateral area yellow, with a red band; prolegs black, red at
extremities ; head reddish; stigmata black; pairs of anterior and
posterior setiferous processes, which disappear in the final stage,
when the ground-colour becomes white instead of blue and yellow.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas; Calcutta; Simla; Bombay; Nilgiris.
Exp., & 76, 2 82 millim.
- GARGETTA. 135
Genus GARGETTA.
Gargetta, Wik. Cat, xxxii, p. 455 (1864).
Thacona, Wk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 169 (1864).
Porsica, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1823 (1866).
Type, G. costigera, W1k.
Range. Himalayas; Sylhet; Burma.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the first two joints
hairy, the third short and naked. Fore wing long and narrow,
with a tuft of long hair in the male from below vein 1, near the
base; vein 5 from the middle of discocellulars; vein 9 anasto-
mosing with 8 to near apex; the areole short, with vein 10 given
off from it. Hind wing with the costa arched at centre; vein 5
from centre of discocellulars; 6 and 7 stalked, 8 nearly touching
7 at middle of cell.
Scr. I. (Gargetta). Male with branches of antenne of
moderate length and reaching apex,
222. Gargetta costigera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 455; Buti. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 103, fig. 6; C. § S. no. 4821.
_ Dull brown; the head darker. Fore wing with the apex and
inner areas slightly suffused with grey; some short dark waved
lines from the costa; a black longitudinal streak at end of cell;
an indistinct waved submarginal line with grey points on it; a
series of marginal white specks.
Hab. Mandi, N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Moulmein. Zyp.,
3 46, 2 54 millim.
223. Gargetta nagaensis, n. sp.
¢ differs from costigera in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being more uniform darker brown ; fore wing with the outer margin
more erect; the streak in cell less prominent; a straight white
marginal line to both wings instead of the grey points.
Hab, Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Hap. 62 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
136 NOTODONTID2A.
224, Gargetta curvaria, n. sp.
3 differs from costigera in the head being pale. Fore wing
with a greyish subbasal patch on inner margin, generally with a
dark patch beyond it; no black streak at end of cell; the orbicular
and reniform marks well defined and ochreous; the waved line with
grey points postmedial; the marginal points dark. Hind wing
with traces of a medial pale band.
Hab. Sikhim; Momeit. Hap. 42 millim. Type in B. M.
Sor. II. (Lhacona). Male with branches of antenne very
short; the terminal half filiform.
225. Gargetta ingens, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1823; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 104, fe. 9; C. & S. no. 4816,
3. Head and collar black-brown; thorax and abdomen pale
grey-brown; the extremity of the latter ochreous. Fore wing
grey-brown, with large dark patches at middle of costa and apex
with strige between them; dark patches suffused with grey below
end of cell and at outer angle; reniform indistinctly outlined with
grey; an indistinct pale waved submarginal line. Hind wing
slightly suffused with fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet. Exp. 56 millim.
Sect. III. Fore wing with vein 11 bent and tonching areole ;
branches of antenne short, the terminal half filiform.
226. Gargetta albimacula, n. sp.
$. Dull brown. Fore wing with very indistinct waved sub-
basal and antemedial lines ; a blackish streak between the orbicular
and reniform; a waved postmedial line with white points, and a
large white spot on inner margin; a pale irregular submarginal
line; a series of marginal white points; a dark streak from apex.
Hind wing with the basal half whitish, with a dark medial line:
the outer area fuscous; a marginal series of white points.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 50 millim. Type in B. M.
Genus TURNACA.
Turnaca , Wk. Cat. xxii, p. 454 (1864).
Ambadra, Swinh., C. § S. p. 183 (1887).
Type, 2. acuta, W1k.
Range. Bengal and throughout S. India.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head; the first two joints
smoothly scaled, the third short ; antennz with the branches short,
serrate at apex. Fore wing long and narrow, the apex very acute
in male, less so in female; inner margin with a rounded lobe;
vein 6 from angle of cell; 7, 8,9, 10 stalked; no areole. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked ; a bar between veins 7 and 8.
TURNACA.—NORRACA, 37.
227. Turnaca acuta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 454; C. & S. no. 1511.
Corma ernestina, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 302, pl. 20, fig. 2; C&S.
no. 1233.
Pydna indica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 67; C. §& S. no. 1183.
Palpi dark at sides; head, thorax, and fore wing pale brown,
irrorated with greyish fuscous ; the last with an indistinct series
of postmedial dark specks curved inwards above inner margin ;
abdomen and hind wing paler.
avy
de
~
Rw)
:
Fig. 81.—Turnaca acuta, 3. 4...
Some specimens have the apex less acute than others; the form
imdica is paler, with the submarginal specks more prominent.
Hab. Bombay; Ranchee; Calcutta; Canara; Bangalore. LEzp.,
3 54, 2 42 millim.
Genus NORRACA.
Norraca, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 340.
Type, NV. longipennis, Moore.
Range. Ceylon.
Palpi upturned, the first two joints smoothly scaled, the third
short ; antenne slightly ciliate. Abdomen long. Fore wing long
and narrow, with a dentate lobe on inner margin; vein 6 from
angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form a
small areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 on a long stalk, 8
running close along 7 to near end of cell.
Fig. 82.—Norraca longipennis, S. i.
_ 228. Norraca longipennis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 340.
$. Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous, the last with traces
138 _ NOTODONTIDA.
of four or five waved fuscous lines beyond the middle; abdomen
and hind wing with a reddish tinge.
Larva sphingiform, with a horn on anal somite.
Hab. Ceylon; Penang. zp. 48 millim.
Genus NIGANDA.
Niganda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 63.
Type, LV. strigifascia, Moore.
Range. Sikbim.
Palpi upturned, the first two joints smoothly scaled. Antenne
minutely ciliated in female. Fore wing very long and narrow, the
apex rather acute; vein 6 from angle of cell; 9 anastomosing
with 8 to form the areole from which 10 is given off. Hind wing
with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 before the
end of the cell.
229. Niganda strigifascia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 63, pl. 8, fig. 15;
cu. §& S. no. 1153.
do. Pale ochreous brown; the outer area of wings greyish.
Fore wing with a striated white streak from the base to beyond end
Fig. 83.—Miganda strigifascia, 2. }.
of cell, angled at end of cell, and pale yellow from thence to apex ;
postmedial and marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
reddish fuscous.
Q@. Pale reddish ochreous. Fore wing with a pale yellow
streak from near the base of the cell to outer margin, narrowing
at the discocellulars ; faint traces of a postmedial darker line and
series of specks beyond it.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., g 55, 9 62 millim.
Genus PYDNA.
Pydna, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1753 (1855).
Bireta, Wik. Cat. vil, p. 1754 (1855).
Torona, Wik, Cat. xxxii, p. 467 (1864).
Menapia, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 461 (1864).
Ceira, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 462 (1864).
PYDNA. 139
Type, P. testacea, W1k.
Range. Japan; China; and thronghout India, Ceylon, and
Burma.
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, fringed with hair
in front, the 3rd joint short. Fore wing produced, longer and
narrower in female than male; vein 6 from the angle of cell; 9 or
both 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 running close along 7 before
the end of cell.
Secr. I. (Pydna). Fore wing with the areole short ;
vein 10 given off after it.
A. Female with antenne slightly pectinated.
230. Pydna testacea, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1754; C. § S. no. 1184.
Menapia kamadena, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 812; C. § S. no. 1512.
3. Pale ochreous ; palpi black, fringed with white. Fore wing
suffused with fuscous ; a black speck at base and another at end of
cell; an indistinct subbasal waved and curved line; a highly waved
and curved antemedial line; two very oblique lunulate indistinct
lines from the apex to centre of inner margin; a waved submar-
ginal indistinct line ; a black speck at end of cell. Abdomen and
hind wing reddish ochreous.
2 with the fore wing longer, the abdomen and hind wing
white, ochreous, or reddish fuscous.
Another form is paler, the fore wing slightly irrorated with
black scales; the markings almost obsolete; female with a dark
blotch in the cell and another beyond it.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp., ¢ 60-66, 9 62-96 millim.
*231. Pydna decurrens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 66; C. § S. no. 1144.
2. Differs from the pale ochreous form of testacea in having a
sharply angulated antemedial band; a curved postmedial band
sending two streaks to 2 submarginal maculate line; an oblique
streak from apex.
Hab. Khasis. Exp. 53 millim.
Fig. 84.—Pydna longivitta, 3. 1.
232. Pydna longivitta, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1754; C. § S. no. 1186.
Menapia xanthophila, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 462; Buti. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 104, fig. 1; C. & S. no. 1187.
140 NOTODONTID &,
¢- Head and thorax rufous; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing
ochreous, with a curved ferruginous band from the base to the
apex; numerous indistinct waved lines. Hind wing fuscous-
brown.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Nagas; Rangoon. Zp. 56 millim
233. Pydna nana, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 407.
3 differs from longivitta in the band of the fore wing ter-
minating before the apex; two series of ferruginous submarginal
specks; costa and cilia rufous.
Hab. N. Canara; Nilgiris. ap. 42 millim.
234. Pydna pallida, Butl. A.M. N. H. (4) xx, meee p. 473; 7d. LH.
Het, ii, pl. 25, figs. 10, 11.
Pydna notata, Swink. Trans, Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 479, pl. xix, fig. 16.
3d. Differs from the pale form of testacea in not having the
black speck at end of cell of fore wing ; some orange scales along
median nervure and vein 4; the inner area suffused with brown ;
submarginal and marginal series of black specks.
2 with the apex of fore wing generally more produced and
acute; a black cell-spot sometimes present.
Hab. Japan; Chekiang; Sikhim. Ewp., g¢ 50-54, 2 54-56
millim.
B. Male antenne fasciculate, femule ciliated ; the
palpi shorter and slight.
235. Pydna ochracea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 65; C. § 8. no. 1147,
2 uniform orange-yellow ; the palpi blackish at sides.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 79 millim.
236. Pydna galbana, Swink. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 438, pl. xl, fig. 5;
Cc. & S. no. 1185.
@. Ochreous white; the vertex of thorax and abdomen brown ;
fore wing with a black spot below the centre of cell and one above
centre of inner margin; a postmedial series of six spots and a
marginal series of smaller spots.
Hab, Sikhim. L£wp. 34 millim.
Sect. II. (Ceira). Fore wing with the areole long, vein
10 given off from it; palpi and legs less hairy.
A. Male with the antenne fasciculate.
237. Pydna metaphea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 462; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pl. 119, tig. 3; C. §& S. no. 1146.
Differs from testacea in the thorax and fore wing being pale
ochreous, with less rufous irroration ; some specimens have a large
PYDNA. 141
black spot below the origin of vein 2 and the short streak beyond
the cell prominent, in others these marks are quite obsolete ; the
rufous line from apex and the submarginal line better defined.
Abdomen and hind wing darker brown, without the red tinge.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., 3 50, Q 62 millim.
233. Pydna eupatagia, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax olive-brown; collar and patagia violaceous
grey ; abdomen red-brown, the extremity grey. Fore wing whitish ;
the inner area violaceous grey; a dark speck near the base and
streak on median nervure; traces of an antemedial dentate line ;
a reddish patch in end of cell; a denticulate postmedial dark line
met by an oblique streak from the apex and with some rufous
suffusion beyond it; a series of submarginal black specks. Hind
wing fuscous with the apex whitish.
The form from the N.W. Himalayas is paler, with the markings
of the fore wing less prominent.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas (Harford); Sikhim (Anyveit). Exp.,
6 52, 2 36millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
239. Pydna aurata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 64; C. § S. no. 1150.
3. Head and thorax orange fulvous, the collar grey; abdomen
fuscous. Fore wing fulvous yellow, the basal and costal areas
golden; an orange streak from the base below median nervure ;
some oblique orange strige from the costa; a black spot at end of
cell; a postmedial curved series of dark specks; traces of a sub-
marginal line; a marginal series of white lunules. Hind wing
fuscous; the cilia ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim; Khiasis. Hep. 50 millim.
240. Pydna fasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 66; C. § S. no. 1182.
g.- Head and thorax ochreous brown; abdomen deep fuscous,
the dorsal tufts on first two segments long. Fore wing ochreous,
irrorated with brown and suffused with fuscous; some fine pale
streaks inthe cell; a dark mark with some grey scales on it below
the cell; the reniform spot pale; a double postmedial series of
brown specks and marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
dark fuscous.
Hab. Khasis. Eap. 50 millim.
241. Pydna sikkima, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 64; C. § 8. no. 1152.
Head and thorax bright ochreous ; collar pinkish grey ; metathorax
with a fuscous tuft; abdomen dull ochreous, fuscous at extremity,
and with a long tuft of:hair. Fore wing bright ochreous, with a
slight fuscous suffusion on inner and outer areas ; traces of a dis-
coidal spot and medial and postmedial waved lines; an indistinct
series of postmedial specks on the nervules; two very indistinct
waved submarginal lines; a marginal series of black specks, promi-
142 NOTODONTID&.
nent towards apex. Hind wing smoky grey, the margin and cilia
ochreous. Underside yellow, the disk and inner area of both wings
suffused with black.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp., 5 62, 2 64 millim.
242. Pydna nigropuncta, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Fore wing pale
brownish ochreous, with a slight red-brown suffusion ; traces of
waved ante- and postmedial red-brown lines, two indistinct series
of postmedial specks on the nervules; a prominent dark spot
below vein 5, with a red-brown streak from it to the apex; traces
of a submarginal line; a marginal series of black specks. Hind
wing fuscous, the cilia ochreous. Underside fuscous; the costa
of fore wing and outer margin of both wings yellow.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp. 46 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
243. Pydna nigrofasciata, n. sp.
3. Differs from nigropuncta in being pale olive-brown without
the red-brown suffusion. Fore wing with a prominent black fascia
from the base to near centre of outer margin, with some fuscous
suffusion above it; a short black oblique subapical streak ; the
marginal series of specks indistinct. Hind wing paler. Under-
side with the outer margin of both wings slightly ochreous.
Hab, Sikhim (Elwes). Exp. 47 millim. ‘Type in coll. Elwes.
*244, Pydna basistriga, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 65; C. § S. no. 1143.
3. Differs from nigropuncta in having the head, thorax, abdo-
men, and fore wing pale yellow; the hind wing whitish.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 56 millim.
B. Male with the antenne bipectinate, the branches long.
245. Pydna ferrifera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 468; C. § S. no. 1115.
Ceira junctura, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 65; C. § S. no. 1145,
Ceira postica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 66; C. § S. no. 1148.
¢. Yellowish white; differs from longivitta in the band of
the fore wing being much more diffused and ill defined; the veins
streaked with ferruginous; the inner series of submarginal specks
curved to the centre of inner margin; the cilia pale. Hind wing
yellowish white.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 48 millim.
Genus RAMESA.
Ramesa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1016 (1855).
Type, R. tosta, W1k..
Range. Sikhim ; Burma; Ceylon. uf
Palpi obliquely porrect, the second joint hairy. Antenne
RAMESA. 143
serrate and fasciculate. Fore wing rather narrow; vein 6 from
the angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7
to towards the end of the cell.
246. Ramesa tosta, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1017; Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 104,
fic. 5; C.§ §. no. 1527.
tamesa luridivitta, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 12.
Head and thorax red-brown. Fore wing ochreous, slightly
suffused with red-brown, and streaked with dark brown along the
Fig. 85.—Ramesa tosta, 5. +.
basal half of the costal area to the lower angle of the cell, and
extending along veins 4and 5 to the outer margin; shorter streaks
below the apex, and a paler streak along inner margin ; postmedial
and submarginal series of dark specks; cilia fuscous. Abdomen
and hind wing paler.
The Ceylon race luridivitta is much darker; the head, thorax,
and fore wing wholly dark brown, the last with rufous streaks
from lower end of cell to outer margin and apex.
Hab. Burma; Ceylon. Ewp., g 32, 2 36 millim.
247. Ramesa fuscipennis, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax dull brown; abdomen with a reddish
tinge. Wings dull brown: fore wing with the reniform spot
small and indistinct, and with pale outline; an indistinct post-
medial series of specks; a marginal black series with white specks
inside them.
Hab. Burma. Exp. 44 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
*248, Ramesa divisa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 65; C. § S. no. 1151.
3S. Differs from fuscipennis in being red-brown. Fore wing
with pale flesh-coloured streaks on inner area and towards apex ;
some dark specks towards inner margin within the postmedial
series. Hind wing with some dark spots on outer margin.
Hab. Sikhim. Hep. 56 millim.
*249, ? Ramesa albistriga, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.64; C. § S. no. 1149.
g. Brown. Head, thorax, and a tuft at end of abdomen grey-
brown. Fore wing with some grey streaks along median nervure ;
144 NOTODONTID 2.
an indistinct. double waved antemedia] dark line; a dark spot at
end of cell; a pinkish streak from lower angle of cell to outer
margin ; four or five indistinct waved postmedial lines; a marginal
series of dark specks.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim.
Genus ZANA.
Zana, Wik.-Cat. vii, p. 1700 (1855).
Type, Z. lignosa, Walk.
Range. Almora; Madras.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne serrate in female. Fore
wing broad, the outer margin crenulate; vein 6 from the angle of
cell; 9 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 to near the end of
the cell.
250. Zana lignosa, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1700; Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 104,
fig. 4; C.§ S. no. 1510.
@. Head and thorax pale buff; abdomen bright orange above,
with a paired series of lateral black spots. Fore wing grey, with pale
Fig. 86.—Zana lignosa, 2. }.
yellow patches below and beyond the cell; brown streaks along
median nervure and on discocellulars ; a highly dentate brown line
from apex to lower angle of cell; brown streaks on each side of
the veins on outer margin; a waved marginal black line. Hind
wing pale yellow.
Hab. Almora; Madras. wp. 44-56 millim.
Genus ANTICYRA.
Anticyra, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1091 (1855).
Dinara, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1699 (1855).
Type, A. combusta, W1k.
Range. Philippines ; N.W. Himalayas; Kardchi; Poona; Java.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne fasciculate. Fore wing
broad, the apex rather acute; vein 6 given off beyond the end of
ANTICYRA.—ANTHEUA. 145
cell; 9 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, which is long.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 to
near the end of the cell.
251. Anticyra combusta, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1092; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pl. 15a, fig. 5, and pl. 23, figs. 3, 8a (larva); C. § S. no. 1135.
Dinara lineolata, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1700.
Head and collar buff; thorax brown with the patagia grey;
abdomen orange above with a series of black lateral spots; the
Fig. 87.—Anticyra combusta, S. }.
penultimate segment fuscous, the terminal ochreous. Fore wing
pale yellow; the inner half irrorated with a few black scales and
suffused with brown, especially between veins 2 and 4; brown
streaks below the costa, in the cell, and between the nervules of
the yellow area towards outer margin; a waved marginal brown
line. Hind wing fuscous.
Larva. Blue-green, with a few long hairs: head black.
Hab. Philippines; N.W. Himalayas; Karachi; Poona; Java.
Exp., ¢ 52-60, 2 54-72 millim.
Genus ANTHEDVA.
Antheua, WIk. Cat. iii, p. 766 (1855),
Type, A. varia, W1k., from Natal.
Range. 8. Africa; throughout India and Ceylon; Java.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne pectinate to apex, the
branches short. ore wing broad, the apex rather acute ; vein 6
from angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the
areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close
along 7 to near the end of cell.
252. Antheua servula, Drury, Ins. Exot. ii, p. 20, pl. xi, fig. 4; C&S.
no. 1497.
Antheua discalis, Wik. Cat. iii, p. 767 ; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. 13 a,
fig. 4, and pl. 23, figs. 2, 2a (larva); C. § S. no. 11386.
VOL. I. L
146 NOTODONTID&.
Antheua exanthemaia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 111, pl. 119, fig. 2;
C. & S. no. 1187.
Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous yellow suffused with rufous.
Fore wing fulvous yellow, irrorated with a few rufous scales, a
brown patch below the end of cell; costa and inner margin
Fig. 88.—Antheua servula, 3. 1.
narrowly rufous; outer margin broadly rufous. The hind wing
may be any shade of colour between ochreous white and dark
brownish fuscous, the latter being the form eaanthemata.
Larva, Brown with a yellow lateral line and paired subdorsal
and sublateral red spots; the stigmata white ; the head streaked
with black.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java. Exp.
46-50 millim.
Genus ZARANGA.
Zaranga, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 357.
Type, Z. pannosa, Moore.
Range. N.W. Himalayas.
Palpi short and porrect. Antenne bipectinated to near apex,
the branches short. Fore wing with the outer margin highly
irregular; vein 6 from angle of cell; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind
wing with the outer margin waved, and excised towards anal
angle; vein 5 from middle of discocellulars; 6 and 7 stalked; a
bar connecting 7 and 8.
253. Zaranga pamnosa, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 857; C.& 8.
no. 1217.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; metathorax fringed
with yellow; antenne tipped with white; tarsi banded with
white. Fore wing dark brown, a white speck at base; a large
pale red-brown patch on inner margin, nearly joined by a similar
patch occupying all the apical area except the costa and apex; an
indistinct antemedial waved line; black lines on each side of
discocellulars ; an indistinct waved postmedial line, white at costa
ZARANGA.—FENTONIA. 147
Fig. 89.—Zaranga pannosa, 3. }.
and towards inner margin. Hind wing fuscous; the disk whitish
two pale streaks above anal angle.
Hab. Simla. Exp. 74 millim.
Genus FENTONIA.
Fentonia, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 20.
Type, /. ocypete, Brem.
Range. Japan; Amur; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Canara.
Palpi upturned and short, the first two joints fringed with hair,
the third short and naked. Abdomen long. Fore wing rather
long; veins 6, 7, 8,9, 10 stalked, or 10 from cell; 7 given off
nearer the apex than 10; no areole. Hind wing with veins 6
and 7 stalked ; 8 running close along 7 to near the end of cell.
Suct. I. Hind wing with the stalk of veins 6 and 7 short.
a. Antenne of male with branches short and reaching the apex.
254. Fentonia argentifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 818; C. § 8.
no. 1167.
Head and thorax grey, marked with brown; abdomen yellow
es
ZS
with the tip grey. Fore wing silvery grey; two pairs of subbasal
L2
148 NOTODONTID &.
waved brown or rufous lines; medial and postmedial waved lines ;
a double submarginal lunulate line; a highly waved marginal line.
Hind wing yellow at base and inner area; the outer area brownish
fuscous; the cilia whitish.
Hab. Sikhim, 7000 to 10,000 feet. Hap., g 60, 2 62 millim.
255. Fentonia brunnea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 60; C. § S. no. 1169.
Heterocampa basalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 61; C. § S. no, 1168.
3S. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown, the thorax brighter.
Fore wing with the base pale ; a subbasal fuscous band with waved
edges; medial area pale red-brown; an indistinct much waved
postmedial line; outer area fuscous and red-brown ; a pale oblique
streak from the apex and submarginal series of black specks. Hind
wing reddish brown.
The form basalis has the ground-colour of fore wing greyish.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 48 millim.
*256. Fentonia obliquiplaga, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.61; C. § S.no.1172.
3g. Head and thorax blackish; abdomen yellowish brown, the
extremity blackish. Fore wing pale vinous brown; an oblique
subbasal black band with dentate edges ; a broad marginal blackish
band with waved inner edge and series of submarginal black specks
on it. Hind wing pale brown, the inner area yellowish.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 60 millim.
257. Fentonia apicalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 68, pl. iii, fig. 12; C.§ S.
no. 1526.
Head and thorax greyish black-brown ; antenne fulvous. Fore
wing pale chestnut-brown, suffused with darker brown near the
base; numerous black spots between the veins; a pale band from
the costa before the apex narrowing to outer margin above the
angle; the outer area suffused with fuscous. Hind wing fuscous
brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 48 millim.
b. Antenne of male with terminal one-third serrate.
258. Fentonia ocypete, Brem. Bull. Acad. Pétersb. iii. p. 481 (1861).
Fentonia levis, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 2
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale grey. Fore wing grey; a
black streak on base of median ner vure ; double antemedial dentate
dark lines; double postmedial lines excurved round end of cell
and angled inwards below the cell; an indistinct dentate sub-
marginal line; a dark marginal line. Hind wing pale grey; a
slight brown patch at anal angle ; ; a marginal brown line and a
line through the cilia.
Hab. Japan ; Amur; Simla. zp. 48 millim.
FENTONIA.—STAUROPUS. 149
Sect. IT. Hind wing with the stalk of veins 6 and 7 very long ;
antenne of male with the branches longer.
259. Fentonia tenebrosa, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1725; C. § S. no. 1089.
Phineca canities, Swink. P. Z. S, 1889, p. 407.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing grey,
suffused with fuscous scales; two curved antemedial black lines
with a few silvery scales on them, the upper part of the space
between them filled in with fuscous; traces of a postmedial curved
line; a series of submarginal black streaks on the veins. Hind
wing fuscous.
Hab. N. Canara. LHwp. 28-30 millim.
Genus STAUROPUS.
Stauropus, Germar, Prod. p. 45 (1811).
Netria, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1504 (1855).
Type, S. fagi, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; throughout India and Ceylon; Anda-
mans; Java.
Palpi short and slight, or rarely longer and upturned. Fore
wing broad, the subcostal vein hairy on underside; vein 6 from
angle of cell; 7,8, 9,10 stalked; noareole. Hind wing with veins
6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 to near end of cell.
Secr. I. Male with antenne fasciculate ; female simple.
260. Stauropus maculatus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 60; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pl. 182, fig. 6; C. & S. no. 1171.
Head, collar, and patagia grey; thorax brown. Fore wing grey,
the medial and apical areas suffused with reddish brown; one sub-
basal and seven medial waved dark lines, the middle lines red-
brown and ill defined on the disc; a submarginal series of dark
spots ; cilia chequered grey and brown. Abdomen and hind wing
pale with a reddish tinge, the former grey at extremity.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas. Hwp., g 44, 2 53 millim.
Szor. IL. (Stauropus). Male with antenne pectinated,
female ciliated.
261. Stauropus alternus, W7k. Cat. v, p. 1020; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 119, figs. 1, la, 6 larva); C. & S. no. 1129.
Stauropus indicus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 404; C. §& S. no. 11381.
Stauropus albescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p.404; C. gS. no. 1128.
g. Head and thorax brownish grey; abdomen grey-brown,
with the dorsal tufts on first six segments darker. Fore wing
150 NOTODONTID &.
brownish grey, with indistinct ante- and postmedial pale waved
lines ; a submarginal series of rust-red spots with pale lunules
inside them. Hind wing whitish, with the costal and inner areas
brown; both wings with a marginal series of pale and red-brown
lunules. Underside brown.
Q@ with the hind wing uniform brown.
The form albescens, from Bombay and Ganjam, is more uniform
pale grey ; the hind wing hardly suffused with brown.
Larva dark red-brown; a pale dorsal line; grey subdorsal
streaks on 5th and 6th somites ; paired dorsal prominences on 6th
to 8th somites ; the terminal somite swollen and carried over the
back, with two angular processes from the extremity ; the anal
prolegs absent; 2nd and 3rd pairs of legs long.
Hab. Sylhet; Bombay; Ganjam; Canara; Ceylon; Rangoon ;
Java. Exp., 3 44, 2 62 millim.
262. Stauropus sikkimensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 811, pl. 48, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 1182.
Stauropus berberisze, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 400; Buti. Ill. Het.
vii, pl. 125, fig. 4; C. § S. no. 1130 4.
¢&. Differs from alternus in the antemedial line of the fore
wing being more irregular, the postmedial line more curved and
less dentate, and both with dark outlines; a spot of dark raised
scales below the middle of the cell, two towards the end of it;
two submargina: series of spots of dark raised scales and marginal
lunular series. Hind wing whitish, the costal area dark.
© darker than the male.
Typical sikkimensis, from Sikhim, has the base of fore wing
ereyish ; the medial area of fore wing and costa of hind wing
suffused with dark green ; in berberise, from Kangra, the fore wing
is wholly suffused with brown.
Larva similar to that of alternus.
Hab. Kangra; Umballa; Sikhim. Zvp., ¢ 44; @ 60 millim.
263. Stauropus dentilinea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 60, pl. 141, fie. 10.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey and fuscous. Fore wing grey,
irrorated with fuscous scales, and slightly suffused with brown on
STAUROPUS. 151
basal and outer areas ; very indistinct ante- and postmedial waved
dark lines; a submarginal series of dark spots ; a prominent den-
tate marginal dark line. Hind wing fuscous; the costa pale.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau; Ceylon. wp. 45 millim.
264. Stauropus apicalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 59; C. § S. no. 1130.
3. Fore wing comparatively longer than in the preceding
species. Head and collar fuscous brown; thorax grey; abdomen
fulvous brown, the extremity grey. Fore wing grey, irrorated
with fuscous scales ; a brown streak on the middle of the costa, one
postmedial, and one subapical below the costa. Hind wing pale
fuscous brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 62 millim.
Sxor. III. (Wetria). Both sexes with antenne pectinated.
265. Stauropus viridescens, Wk. Cat. vi. p. 1504 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
il, pl. 120, figs. 2, 2a (larva and pupa).
Netria griseata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 14.
Stauropus virescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 404; C. § S. no. 1134.
$. Head and thorax green; abdomen brown, with the extre-
mity green. Fore wing green; two indistinct subbasal waved
dark lines, two antemedial, three postmedial, and one submarginal ;
the orbicular and reniform spots paler. Hind wing fuscous brown.
Underside paler.
2 with the fore wing suffused with brown on basal area, and
on medial area between the first antemedial and last postmedial
lines.
The form griseatus, from Trincomali, Ceylon, has the female very
much paler, with hardly a trace of green suffusion ; fore wing with
the ground-colour greyish white, the bands brown; hind wing
pale and but slightly suffused with fuscous.
Larva thickened at middle ; anal segment bifid; green, with a
dorsal purple line; the spiracles white; a sublateral yellow line;
cule, fore legs, and mid claspers purple.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas; Ceylon; Java. Hup., g 50-70, 2 82-
100 millim,
266. Stauropus pallidifascia, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax brown, grizzled with white and the central
part of collar fringed with white; abdomen paler. Fore wing
with the basal area grey-green, bounded by a double antemedial
brown line; a double postmedial line excurved between veins
2 and 4, the area between the two double lines pale ochreous
suffused with brown scales, and with the orbicular and reniform
152 NOTODONTID A.
spots indistinctly paler; outer area grey-green; a waved dark
submarginal line. Hind wing whitish, the costal and inner areas
suffused with red-brown, the apex grey-green.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 46 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
267. Stauropus albivertex, n. sp.
6. Palpi and sides of head black, the vertex white; thorax
dark iron-grey ; abdomen greyish brown, the basal segments red-
brown. Fore wing iron-grey; an irregularly waved antemedial
line and waved oblique postmedial line. Hind wing nearly white ;
some dark hairs on inner area, and some brown on the margin at
anal angle.
Hab, Gurais Valley, Kashmir (Leech). Hap.70 millim. Type
in coll. Leech.
268. Stauropus fasciatus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 58; C. § S. no. 980.
Palpi black, fringed with white ; head ochreous white; thorax
grey and fuscous; abdomen brownish grey, the extremity grizzled.
Fore wing grey irrorated with fuscous, some darker suffusion at
base ; three indistinct waved antemedial lines; a postmedial irre-
gular line, expanding into ill-defined blotches below the costa, at
middle and inner margin; a waved submarginal dark line. Hind
wing pale, with a large apical dark spot.
A male from Sikhim has the collar white, and a large white
blotch below the centre of the costa of fore wing in and below the
cell: in a female from Sikhim the head also is white; the fore
wing wholly white, except the basal area, the inner area, and a
patch on the costa beyond the middle, which are brown.
Hab. Dalhousie; Sikhim; Khanddla; Andamans. Lvp., 3 52,
© 54 millim.
269. Stauropus griseus, Hmpsn. Til. Het. viii, p. 59, pl. 141, fig. 16. °
Lymantria canescens, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 6.
©. Antenn~ brownish ochreous ; head and collar dark brown ;
thorax and tore wing dark brown grizzled with grey, the latter
with traces of dark ante- and postmedial lines. Abdomen and
hind wing paler brown.
¢ with the whole fore wing, except the costa, much darker
brown as far as the postmedial line; the waved submarginal line
more distinct.
Hab, Nilgiris, southern slopes, 3000 feet ; Ceylon. Exp., 3 50,
© 63 millim.
270. Stauropus orbifer, n. sp.
@. Head red-brown; thorax and abdomen pure white. Fore
wing red-brown with a purplish tinge; the whole inner area,
STAUROPUS.-—SOMERA. 15533
embracing the basal half of cell and area below vein 2, white with
buff patches on median nervure and towards outer angle; a large
round white apical patch with buff centre; the red-brown area
with some indistinct lines on it; the orbicular and reniform spots
outlined with grey; a series of white submarginal specks. Hind
wing red-brown; the basal and inner area whitish.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 55 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
271. Stauropus basiniger, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 805; C. §& S.
no. 1002.
2. Pale brown; collar blackish. Fore wing with the basal
area blackish, bounded by a curved black line; a double incurved
waved postmedial line, prominent towards inner margin; a sub-
marginal series of black lunules.
Hab. Dehra Dun; Balasore. vp. 64 millim.
272. Stauropus vinaceus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 404, pl. 33, fig. 1;
C. & S. no. 1133.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing
brown, slightly irrorated with grey ; the basal area pale; traces
of a double oblique waved antemedial line and postmedial double
series of specks; two red-brown streaks beyond the cell; a sub-
marginal dark line bordered inwardly with white, curved in its
upper portion, dentate towards inner margin. Hind wing brown.
Hab, “India.” Hap. 56 millim.
273. Stauropus plagiviridis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 61; C. § 8. no. 1173.
6. Head and thorax dark red-brown; antenne and abdomen
pale red-brown, the latter greyish at extremity. Fore wing red-
brown, with subbasal, ante- and postmedial highly irregular broad
bands of a beautiful silvery green, with bright green lines on
them ; a waved submarginal green line. Hind wing ochreous; an
indistinct line from middle of costa to anal angle, beyond which
the area is suffused with red-brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 54 millim.
Genus SOMERA.
Somera, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 882 (1855).
Type, S. viridifusca, W1k.
ftange. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Ceylon.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head; the first two joints
fringed with hair. Antenne with the branches long and reaching
the apex. Legs hairy. Fore wing broad, the subcostal nervure
154 NOTODONTID &.
and cell clothed with long hairs on underside; vein 6 given off
just beyond the angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to
form the areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8
running close along 7 to near the end of the cell.
274. Somera viridifusca, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 882; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 104, fig. 7; C. & S. no. 1059,
¢. Palpi brown; vertex of head and thorax green; abdomen
fuscous, with the extremity green. Fore wing bright green, with
a brown patch below and beyond the end of cell; two subbasal
Fig. 92.—Somera viridifusca, §. }.
wayed dark lines; two antemedial ; four postmedial and one sub-
marginal, the last with brownish blotches on it. Hind wing
fuscous brown.
The brown patch on the fore wing is often absent.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; Ceylon. vp. 58 millim.
Genus LIPAROPSIS, nov.
Type, LZ. postalbida, Hmpsn.
Range. Naga Hills.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne with the branches long in
male. Mid tibize with one pair of spurs ; hind tibize without spurs.
Fore wing with vein 2 curved; 5 from near upper angle of cell;
6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing broad, the costa arched; vein
5 from near the upper angle of cell; 6 and 7 stalked; 7 and 8
recurved upwards to the costa.
275. Liparopsis postalbida, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax grey; vertex of thorax slightly suffused
with brown; abdomen white. Fore wing with the base white,
edged by some diffused dark scales, beyond which the area is
suffused with red-brown to a double indistinct outwardly-oblique
antemedial line, a broad medial white area irrorated with dark
LIPAROPSIS.—CERURA. 155
scales, and continued along the costa to the apex, an indistinct
double waved postmedial line; the outer area from vein 4 to outer
angle suffused with red-brown. Hind wing pure white.
Fig. 93.—Liparopsis postalbida, G. }t.
Hab. Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 38 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
Genus CERURA.
Cerura, Schrank, Fauna Boica, ii, 2 Abth. p. 155 (1802).
Harpyia, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iii, p. 19 (1810).
Type, C. furcula, Schr., from Europe.
Range. N. America; Europe; China; throughout India and
Ceylon.
Palpi slight and porrect ; antenne with the branches long and
reaching the apex. Legs hairy. Fore wing broad; veins 6 and
_ 10 given off from end of areole, which is short and formed by 9
anastomosing with 8. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8
running close along 7 to near the end of the cell.
276. Cerura liturata, Wik. Cat. v, p. 988; Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 106,
HO CaG. Samo lll Qi.
Cerura damodara, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 812; C. § S. no. 1123.
Harpyia kandyia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 108, pl. 120, figs. 1, 1 a
(larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 1126.
Harpyia wisei, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 189, pl. viii, fig. 3.
Pure white; palpi black; collar, tegule, and thorax spotted
with black; abdomen either banded or almost completely suffused
with black, leaving a white patch witha black semicircular mark on
the last segment. Fore wing with two waved subbasal lines from
the costa to median nervure, some black spots below the median
nervure ; a highly waved antemedial band; a waved medial line;
a black line on discocellulars surrounded by a black ring-mark ;
three waved postmedial lines ; the last with some black spots be-
yond it; a marginal and cilial series of black spots. Hind wing
more or less suffused with fuscous; two indistinct medial lines
and a series of marginal black spots.
156 NOTODONTID &.
The palest and smallest form (¢ 46 millim.) is from Madras, in
which all the black markings are slender; the hind wing pure
white with small marginal black specks ; Kiturata (62 millim.) has
Fig. 94.— Cerura liturata, . 1.
the black ring-mark round the discocellular line of the fore wing
incomplete, the hind wing slightly suffused with fuscous, except at
base ; wisec (2 90 millim.) has the antemedial band of the fore
wing wider, the ring round the discocellular line complete, the
hind wing wholly, but slightly, suffused with black; damodara (70
millim.), from China and Bengal, has the abdomen almost wholly
black, the black ring-mark of fore wing sometimes filled in with
black ; kandyia, from Ceylon (60 millim.), is again rather darker,
the hind wing being blacker.
Hab. China; Sikhim; Assam; Bombay; Madras; Ceylon.
Exp., § 46-70, 2 62-90 millim.
277. Cerura prasana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 812; C. § S. no. 1125.
3. Differs from liturata in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
white, with hardly a trace of black markings; the terminal seg-
ments of abdomen black with a white anal tuft. Fore wing with
pale centres to the ante- and postmedial bands, the latter inter-
rupted at middle; some black strigze from costa, and minute specks
near base; the dentate lines absent.
Hab, N.E. Bengal. Hep. 40 millim.
Genus DAMATA.
Damata, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1044 (1855).
Type, D. longipennis, Wik.
Range. Sikhim ; Naga Hills ; Cambodia.
Palpi porrect and hairy. Antenne with the branches very long
and ceasing abruptly one-fourth from apex. Fore wing long and
narrow; vein 5 from just below the angle of cell; 6 and 10 from
end of areole, which is formed by 9 anastomosing with 7 and 8.
Hind wing with vein 5 from near upper angle of cell; 6 and 7
stalked; 8 running close along 7 to towards the end of cell.
“— |
DAMATA,—DICRANURA. 157
278. Damata longipennis, Wk. Cat. v, p. 1044; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 106, fig. 10; C. & S. no. 1179.
g. Antenne black; head and thorax dark chocolate ; patagia
white fringed with red; abdomen brown, with slight white lateral
tufts. Wings white. Fore wing irrorated with black scales ;
Fig. 95.—Damata longipennis, S. }.
large triangular chocolate marks on costa and inner margin before
and after the middle; aseries of small marginal spots ; cilia copper-
coloured. Hind wing with a short brown line from the imner
margin above the anal angle and patch at angle; the margin
narrowly brown; cilia chequered copper and white.
Hab, Sikhim. xp. 70 millim.
279. Damata microsticta, n. sp.
3. Differs from longipennis in the thorax and patagia being
grey. Fore wing more thickly irrorated with fuscous, so that it
appears grey; the triangular marks much smaller and black; the
spot towards outer angle absent; series of small black spots on
the nervules beyond the cell, in interno-median interspace, and on
vein 1; no marginal spots. Hind wing with a slight fuscous patch
and streak at anal angle. Cilia of both wings chequered fuscous
and white.
Hab, Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty); Cambodia. ap. 56
millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus DICRANURA.
Dicranura, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 54 (1829).
Type, D. vinula, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe ; Japan; China; N.W. Himalayas.
Palpi slight and porrect ; antennz with the branches long and
slender and reaching the apex. Abdomen and legs hairy. Fore
wing broad ; vein 5 from just below upper angle of cell; 6 from
end of areole, which is formed by 9 and 10 anastomosing with 7
158 NOTODONTID 2%.
and 8. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close
along 7 to towards the end of cell.
280. Dicranura himalayana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 400; Buti. Ill.
Het. vii, pl. 125, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 1124.
Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with long brownish-grey
hair; thorax with traces of black spots; abdomen with smoky
black bands and longitudinal streaks on the terminal segments.
Fig. 96.—Dicranura himalayana, G. 1.
Fore wing grey with a basal whitish patch; a black speck at base ;
a series of subbasal black spots; two highly dentate postmedial
indistinct fuscous lines; a series of marginal spots. Hind wing
paler fuscous grey, with a series of marginal spots.
One female has two prominent black streaks on the thorax;
fore wing with prominent double black antemedial lines, and all
the markings stronger. Closely allied to the European erminea,
Esp.
Hee, Dharmsala. Exp., ¢ 60, 2 80 millim.
Genus METASCHALIS, nov.
Type, MW. disrupta, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi porrect, stout and thickly scaled. Antenne bipectinate
almost to tips in male, the branches short, the basal joint tufted.
Fore wing rather long and narrow: vein 5 from just above centre
of discocellulars ; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3
and 4 stalked, 5 from the centre of the discocellulars ; 6 and 7
stalked ; 8 running close along 7 at middle of cell.
281. Metaschalis disrupta, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 62; C. § S. no. 1155.
g. Palpi, antenne, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; vertex of
head and coxz of fore legs creamy white ; tarsi banded with white.
Fore wing dark brown ; the costa and area above vein 1 suffused
with red-brown ; a white spot followed by an orange spot in end
METASCHALIS.—CHADISRA. 159
of cell; a black spot on discocellulars from which a golden-yellow
streak proceeds to a large creamy white patch on outer margin
below the apex. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim.
Fig. 97.—Metaschalis disrupta, 8. }.
Genus CHADISRA.
Chadisra, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, i, 1862, p. 81.
Type. C. bipars, W1k.
Range. Ceylon; Borneo.
Palpi upturned in male, reaching vertex of head, the first two
joints fringed with hair, the third short; slight and porrect in female.
Antenne fasciculate in male, ciliate in female. Fore wing rather
narrow, the apex rounded; vein 6 given off beyond the angle of
cell; 9 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, which is long.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 to
towards the end of the cell.
282. Chadisra bipars, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, i, 1862, p. 82;
C. & S. no. 1188.
Pheosia basalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 118, pl. 121, figs. 1, la
(larva and pupa); C. & S. no. 1206.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Fore wing with
the basal area red-brown with fine pale streaks; a black medial
Fig. 98.—Chadisra bipars, 3. }.
line bent inwards at vein 2; two waved postmedial lines, with
brown patches between them at costa and inner margin, and with
black dentate marks on them; a submarginal series of specks.
Hind wing pale fuscous, the margin darker; a pale streak at anal
angle; cilia whitish towards apex.
160 NOTODONTID #.
Q. Head, thorax, and base of fore wing ochreous white; the
markings of the fore wing more distinct.
Larva greenish white above, green below; pale green oblique
lateral lines ; a grey-bordered yellow dorsal line with a red tubercle
on 11th somite; head black-lined; legs green.
Hab. Ceylon. Hap., g 38, 2 44 millim.
Genus PHEOSIA.
Pheosia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 145 (1816).
Hoplitis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 147 (1816).
Hupodonta, Butl. A.M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 475 (1877).
Type, P. dictea, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; and throughout India.
Palpi slight and porrect. Fore wing rather long and narrow ;
vein 5 given off just below the angle of the cell; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked, or 10 from cell; no areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and
7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 before the end of the cell.
Secr. I. Antenne of male with short stiff branches; the
terminal one-fourth filiform.
283. Pheosia fasciata, Moore, P. ZS. 1888, p. 401; Butl. Ill. Het.
vii, pl. 125, figs. 9,10; C. § S. no. 1207 a.
Head and thorax grey, with a few red-brown hairs; abdomen
erey. Fore wing whitish ochreous, suffused in parts with pale
Fig. 99.—Pheosia fasciata, . }.
brown; some red-brown strige and streaks on and below the
costa; a series of short streaks on the nervules towards outer
margin ; inner margin red-brown; cilia chequered pale and red-
brown. Hind wing ochreous white; the outer margin slightly
clouded with brown, especially at anal angle.
Larva pale green ; head streaked with dark red, a series of dorsal
quadrate red marks largest from 7th to anal somite; the 4th to
anal somites in some specimens wholly striated with red-brown; a
long dorsal process on 4th somite.
Hab. Dharmsila, Sikhim. Ewp., ¢ 42, 2 50 millim.
PHEOSIA. 161
284. Pheosia pulcherrima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 814, pl. 43, fig. 4;
C. & S. no. 1160.
Hupodonta corticalis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p. 475.
Head and collar red-brown; thorax and abdomen reddish
ochreous. Fore wing pale brown, suffused in parts with red-
brown and fuscous, the inner area ochreous except at outer angle;
a large medial patch of fuscous suffusion from costa to vein 2;
three indistinct dentate postmedial curved lines ; a red-brown line,
followed by an ochreous line, and a dark grey band with a black
line on it on outer margin. Hind wing’ fuscous; an ochreous
patch with dark and red-brown lines on it at anal angle. Under-
side fuscous ; hind wing with a postmedial curved line.
Hab. Japan; Sikhim. LEzxp., g 56, 2 64 millim.
285. Pheosia excurvata, n. sp.
$. Head and thorax grizzled brown and grey; abdomen pale
fuscous. Fore wing pale brown, with a slight vinous tinge and
fuscous suffusion; a black streak along median nervure from the
base; an indistinct waved antemedial line; black streaks in the
end of cell and on the nervules beyond it; two postmedial lines
very highly excurved below the costa, the inner line indistinct.
Hind wing pale fuscous; cilia of both wings chequered pale and
dark.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
286. Pheosia grisea, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. ined.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing
with an indistinct dark subbasal line ; a spot on the costa before
the middle; medial and postmedial lines, the latter bent inwards
at vein 3; two curved oblique submarginal lines, far apart at costa,
approaching each other towards inner margin. Hind wing white,
with a brownish-grey patch at anal angle.
Hab. “N. India.” Hap. 48 millim.
287. Pheosia strigata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 68, pl. iii, fig. 138; C.§ S.
no. 1204,
Head and thorax grey ; frons and a streak on vertex of thorax
blackish ; antenne fulvous. Fore wing longitudinally marked pale
and dark chestnut-brown; a basal grey patch; short costal grey
streaks before the apex, with a dark curved fascia from them to the
apex ; a waved marginal brown line. Hind wing white; the costa
brownish ; a large black spot speckled with grey on outer margin
near anal angle.
Hab. N.E. Bengal; Canara. Evp., 3 66, 9 76 millim,
VOL. I. M
162 NOTODONTID #.
Secr. IT. Antenne of male ciliated.
88. Pheosia sikkima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 69; C. & S. no. 1208.
3. Head black; collar grey; thorax and abdomen red-brown.
Fore wing very dark red-brown; a large pale red-brown patch
from middle of costa to apex; inner margin pale red-brown;
indistinct dark lines across end of cell and on discocellulars. Hind
wing uniform fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 56 millim.
Genus NOTODONTA.
Notodonta, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iii, p. 45 (1810).
Peridea, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ti, p. 32 (1829).
Type, V. dromedarius, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Himalayas; Naga Hills.
Differs from Pheosia in the branches of the antennz of the male
being longer, and in the fore wing having a prominent tuft of
scales on inner margin.
289. Notodonta albifascia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 69; C. §& S. no. 1205,
3. Head and thorax red-brown; patagia and metathorax
fringed with dark scales; abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing
with a broad whitish fascia from base to near apex, leaving the
“ Sy
Fig. 100.—Notodonta albifascia, G. 1.
costal, inner, and outer areas pale red-brown; veins 5 and 6
streaked with black at their origins ; an indistinct pale submarginal
line; the tuft of scales dark. Hind wing pale with a reddish
tinge.
Hab. Sikhim, Exp. 70 willim.
290. Notodonta gigantea, Elves, P. Z, S. 1890, p. 399.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown; basal segments of
abdomen fuscous above; all the segments with paired lateral
ochreous tufts. Fore wing red-brown; the medial costal area
NOTODONTA,—HYPBRESCHRA. 163
suffused with grey ; some dark red-brown irregular marks on basal
area; reniform pale, with a red-brown streak on the discocellulars ;
a highly dentate double postmedial line; a series of indistinct
lunulate submarginal marks; a marginal dark line; the tuft of
scales dark with a black line above it. Hind wing yellow; the
veins black.
Hab. Kulu; Sikhim. xp. 126 millim.
291. Notodonta moorei.
Notodonta sikhima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 68 or preeoce.); C.§ S.
no. 1192.
Head and collar grey, the latter fringed with brown; patagia
black ; thorax and abdomen pale brown. Fore wing grey; basal
area dark brown, with a double subbasal waved line, and bounded
by a double waved line ; a white blotch on the discocellulars and
speck at origin of ven 2; three dark postmedial blotches on costa,
between veins 4 and 5, and on inner margin, with traces of a
waved line before them; a marginal series of dark spots; the
tuft of scales dark brown. Hind wing grey; a fuscous post-
medial slightly irregular band, with a waved line before it.
Hab. Sikhim. Lxzp., 5 70, 2 92 millim.
92. Notodonta sikkima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 812; 0. & S.
no. 1174.
Heterocampa irrorata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 60; C. § S. no. 1170.
Head, thorax, and fore wing uniformly clothed with light and
dark brown, greenish-yellow, and white scales. Fore wing with
the veins slightly streaked with black. Abdomen and hind wing
pale red-brown; the former darker at extremity.
The form trrorata is paler.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., 35 60, 2 48-56 millin
293. Notodonta rufa, n. sp.
9. Head and thorax dark red-brown, the collar grizzled ; abdo-
men fuscous. Fore wing dark brown; indistinct ante- and post-
medial waved dark lines ; the latter edged with grey at costa; two
dark specks on discocellulars; irregularly placed dark streaks in
the marginal interspaces, slight pale streaks from base below
median nervure and on inner margin. Hind wing fuscous, with
traces of a medial line.
Hab. Naga Hills (Doherty). Eup. 54 reullie’ Type in coil.
Elwes.
Genus HYPERASCHRA.
Hypereschra, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p. 65 (1830).
Type, H. pallida, Butl.
Range. Kangra; Sikhim; Ceylon; Singapore.
Palpi upturned, fringed with hairs in front ; antenne with
M2
164 NOTODONTID &.
short stiff branches reaching the apex in male. Fore wing rather
long, the outer margin evenly curved, a tuft of scales on inner
margin ; vein 6 from angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with
8 to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8
running close along 7 to towards the end of cell.
Srcr. I. Female with antenne pectinate.
294. Hypereschra pallida, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, 1880, p. 65; Id.
Het. vi, pl. 104, fig. 6; C. & S. no. 1580.
©. Head and thorax brown and grey. Fore wing grey suffused
with brown, especially along inner margin, beyond the lower angle
of cell, and at apex; a black streak from the base below median
nervure; a short streak in the cell above the origin of vein 2, one
beyond the cell between veins 3 and 4, and two subapical streaks ;
a waved postmedial dark line. Hind wing pale brown.
Hab. Sikhim ; Singapore. wp. 54 millim.
Sect. I]. Female with antenne ciliate.
295. Hypereschra basistriga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 400; Buti. Ii.
Het. yii, pl. 125, figs. 5 & 6; C. & S. no. 1168 a.
3. Differs from pallida in being darker; the dark streak from
the base of the fore wing shorter and broader; the paired ante-
and postmedial waved lines more distinct, as also is the submar-
einal series of lunules; no black streak in the cell above vein 2;
a black streak on the discocellulars. Hind wing white.
2. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Kangra; Dharmsdla. Ewvp., 5 52, 2 56 millim.
296. Hypereschra tenebrosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 815; A § S.
no, 1524,
3. Dark brown: fore wing with a pale fascia on inner area,
extending and narrowing along the outer margin to the apex; a
large pale patch on the apical portion of the costa; indistinct den-
tate postmedial and submarginal lines. Hind wing duller brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 58 millim.
297. Hypereschra basalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p.813; C §& 8.
no. 1190.
Head, thorax, and the basal two thirds of fore wing dark pur-
plish red-brown, the vertex of thorax and base of fore wing paler,
the latter with pale streaks ; outer area of fore wing greenish grey ;
HYPER ESCHRA. 165
dark postmedial spot on the costa; a series of postmedial dark
Fig. 101.— Aypereschra basalis, 3. }.
specks ; a broken waved submarginal line; a series of marginal
specks. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. xp. 50 millim.
298. Hypereschra nigribasis, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax smoky black; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing with the base black as far as the antemedial curved double
line, the area beyond which is fuscous; a black spot at end of cell ;
reniform pale and elongate; an indistinct double postmedial
waved line; a dentate submarginal indistinct line from below the
apex, the area beyond it with an olive tinge; the costa towards
apex, Interspace between veins 4 and 5, and area near outer angle
also with an olive tinge. Hind wing fuscous, with traces of a
pale medial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 54 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
299. Hypereschra dentata, Himpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 11.
@. Head and thorax brownish grey with brown markings.
Fore wing brownish grey suffused with brown ; some dark streaks
along the veins at base; a waved antemedial line, highly dentate
towards inner margin ; a dark streak on the discocellulars ; dentate
postmedial and submarginal lines; a waved marginal line; abdo-
men and hind wing grey-brown.
Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. zp. 56 millim.
*300. ? Hypereschra variegata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 61; C. § S.
no. 1175.
gd. Head and collar olive-green; thorax and abdomen grey-
brown. Fore wing purplish brown, suffused with yellow near base ;
a pale patch at end of cell; a yellow patch on costa before apex ;
a marginal yellow band. Hind wing brown, the area in the cell
paler; a submarginal dark line and yellow patch at anal angle.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 58 millim.
166 NOTODONTID &.
Genus LOPHOPTERYX.
Lophopteryx, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 26 (1829).
Type, L. camelaria, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; China; Sikhim.
Palpi porrect. Antenne serrate and fasciculate. Fore wing
broad, the apex acute, outer margin crenulate, a pronounced tuft
of scales on inner margin; vein 6 from just above the angle of
cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running close along 7 to
towards the end of cell.
Sect. I. Fore wing with inner margin nearly straight
beyond the lobe.
301. Lophopteryx saturata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 415; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 107, fig. 1.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown ; an indistinct
waved subbasal line; paired dentate oblique ante- and postmedial
lines; the reniform spot pale; cilia rufous at outer angle. Hind
wing fuscous; a patch at anal angle composed of short rufous,
Fig. 102.—Lophopteryx saturata, $. 4.
pale and dark brown bands suffused with grey; underside with
some pale strigze on the costa before apex.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., ¢ 42, 2 60 millim.
302. Lophopteryx atrofusa, n. sp.
3. Differs from saturata in being much darker; the thorax
and fore wing suffused with black-brown and irrorated with
bluish-grey scales, the latter without markings, except for traces of
a postmedial line appearing as two pale dentitions below the costa.
Hind wing with one whitish line above the anal grey patch.
See Sikhim (Moller). Hap. 37-44 millim. Type in coll.
Wes. :
LOPHOPTERYX.—MEGACERAMIS. 167
303. Lophopteryx flavistigma, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 67; C. & S.
no, 1165.
3. Differs from saturata in the fore wing being without the
subbasal waved lines; the ante- and postmedial lines single,
dentate and curved, instead of waved and oblique, Hind wing
with the patch and streak at anal angle sometimes minute. Under-
side with pale marks on the costa towards apices of fore and hind
wings.
Hab. Sikhim. Eup. 44 millim.
Sxcr. II. Fore wing with the inner margin slightly excised
beyond the lobe.
304. Lophopteryx ferruginosa, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 67; Waterh. Aid,
ii, pl. 132, fig. 5; C. §& 8. no. 1162.
¢. Differs from flavistigma in the markings of the fore wing
being obscured by fuscous suffusion ; the antemedial dentate line
oblique ; the reniform hardly visible; the postmedial line more
recurved. Hind wing fuscous, without anal patch or streak.
Underside of hind wing with a spot on the discocellulars and
curved postmedial line.
Hab, Murree; Sikhim; Naga Hills. vp. 38-46 millim.
Genus MEGACERAMIS, nov.
Type, MY. lamprolepis, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi small and porrect. Antenne fasciculate in the male.
Head, thorax, and patagia very thickly scaled. Fore wing with
vein 6 from angle of cell; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the
areole, which is short. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked, 5
from the middle of the discocellulars; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running
close along 7 at middle of. cell.
Fig. 103.—Megaceramis lamprolepis, G. }
H.
305. Megaceramis lamprolepis, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown; patagia very dark
red-brown, fringed with glittering scales. Fore wing bright red-
168 , NOTODONTID &.
brown, suffused in parts with purplish and irrorated with a few
white scales; some ochreous streaks towards the apex; a medial
series of dark specks jomed by a curved postmmedial series on inner
margin; a dark streak on discocellulars; the tuft composed of
glittering dark scales. Hind wing fuscous. Underside of both
wings with a waved postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus APELA.
Apela, Walk. Cat. v, p. 1092 (1855).
Type, A. divisa, Wk.
Range. Nepal.
Palpi upturned and slender; antenne ciliate in female. Fore
wing very broad, the costa arched, the apex acute; the inner margin
with a dentate lobe, and a tuft of scales on it beyond which the
margin is excised ; a tuft of scales at outer angle; vein 5 from
near angle of cell; 7 and 10 from end of the long areole, which
is formed by 9 anastomosing with 8. Hind wing with veins 6 and
7 stalked; a bar between veins 7 and 8.
306. Apela divisa, Walk. Cat. v, p. 1093; C.§ S. no. 1181.
2. Ochreous brown. Fore wing with two very indistinct ante-
Fig. 104.—Apela divisa, 2. j.
medial curved lines ; an oblique line from the apex to the lobe on
inner margin; the tuft of scales dark. Hind wing fuscous brown.
Hab. Nepal. Exp. 46 millim.
Genus SPATALIA,
Spatalia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 145 (1816).
Rosama, Wk. Cat. vy, p. 1066 (1855).
Caschara, Wilk. Journ. Linn. Soc. yi, p. 183 (1862).
Allata, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soe. yi, p. 140 (1862).
Celeia, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 463 (1864).
Type, S. argentina, Schiff., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan ; China ; Himalayas ; Canara ; Nilgiris ;
Borneo ; Java.
SPATALIA, _ 169
Palpi porrect and hairy; abdomen with lateral tufts of hair
and two large terminal tufts. Fore wing with the inner margin
more or less lobed and excised; a large tuft of scales on the lobe,
and a tuft at outer angle; vein 6 from the angle of cell; 9 and 10
anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 6
and 7 on a short stalk; 8 running close along 7 to towards the
end of cell.
Secr. I (Spatala). Antenne of male with the branches short
and stiff.
307. Spatalia argentifera, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 140.
Celeia plusiata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 463; C. & S. no. 1156.
Celeia sikkima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 63; C. § S. no. 1157.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale and dark brown. Fore
wing pale brown, with some dark and red-brown suffusion below
Fig. 105.—Spatalia argentifera, $. 1.
the median nervure near the base; a silver streak along the median
nervure from below the middle of the cell to lower angle, with a
spot beyond it, and sending spurs outwards along veins 2 and 3,
which may be separated into spots; some dark brown suffusion at
apex and middle of outer margin ; an ill-defined dark or red-brown
submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous.
Some specimens have the head, thorax, and fore wing very much
darker. ;
In the form argentifera=plusiata from Canara and Borneo the
silver streak is broad; sikkima is darker, with the streak narrow.
Hab. Sikhim ; Canara; Bangalore; Borneo. Hap.50—54 millim.
308. Spatalia gemmifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 62, pl. ili, fig. 14;
C. §& S. no. 1203.
3. Head and thorax chestnut-brown; abdomen pale sienna-
brown ; a small silvery white spot below the base of the cell and a
large triangular spot at origin of vein 2; a dark brown streak from
the lower angle of cell to outer margin below apex; some black
dots near apex; a submarginal series of pale spots; the tuft on
inner margin black, Hind wing pale sienna-brown.
Hab. Sikhim., Exp. 50 millim.
170 NOTODONTID &.
309. Spatalia costalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 69; C. & S. no. 1207.
Dull brown; thorax with a buff-white tuft on vertex. Fore
wing with the costal area white, slightly suffused and the veins
streaked with pale red-brown; a trifid white mark on disco-
cellulars; median nervure and origin of veins 2 and 3 streaked
with white; very indistinct double postmedial and submarginal
waved dark lines. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 9 54 millim.
310. Spatalia argentata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 67; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pl. 132, fig. 4; C. § S. no. 1161.
$. Head and thorax dark red-brown, the patagia grey ; abdomen
paler red-brown. Fore wing silvery grey, slightly suffused with
red-brown, especially towards outer angle; some dark strigee on
the costa and a blotch before the apex; indistinct double subbasal,
medial and postmedial waved dark lines; reniform outlined in
black; a submarginal series of dark specks. Hind wing pale
fuscous grey.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.
311. Spatalia albifasciata, n. sp.
6. Head and thorax brown; collar white. Fore wing with a
broad white fascia on the costal area occupying nearly half the
wing; the inner half brown, with a large oval ferruginous subbasal
patch ; an indistinct pale postmedial line ; a reddish patch beyond
lower angle of cell; an indistinct waved dark submarginal line.
Abdomen and hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Nilgiris (Lindsay). Exp. 50 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
Scr. II. (Rosama). Male with branches of antenne long.
312. Spatalia auritractata, Moore, P. ZS. 1865, p. 811; C.§ S.
no. 1154.
o differs from argentifera in haying the metallic streak along
the median nervure of fore wing narrow and golden, the lobe on
inner margin shorter.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 52 millim.
313. Spatalia plusioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 62; C. §& S. no, 1202.
3. Head and thorax ochreous, the collar purplish; wings
shorter and more rounded than in the preceding species. Fore
wing yellow, with waved rufous striz ; the costal and outer areas
purplish, leaving ochreous spots beyond the middle of the costa
and on centre of outer margin; a silvery triangular spot below the
end of the cell; a waved submarginal dark line. Abdomen and
hind wing fuscous.
@. The patagia also purplish brown; fore wing with the silver
SPATALIA.—CLEAPA. 7A
spot absent; the costal area paler; the purplish suffusion confined
to the apex; a prominent series of marginal white points ; abdo-
men and hind wing dark fuscous.
A specimen from Sikhim has the basal part of costa of fore wing
and outer area suffused with silvery grey; another from the Niga
Hills has the ground-colour chocolate.
Hab. Kangra; Sikhim ; Nagas. wp. 36-40 millim.
Genus BESAIA.
Besaia, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 458 (1864).
Type, B. rubiginea, W1k.
Range. Sikhim; Khasi Hills.
Palpi upturned, the first two joints heavily fringed with hair.
Antenne of male fasciculate. Fore wing with fringes of hair at
lobe on inner margin and outer angle; vein 6 from angle of cell;
9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 stalked, 8 running close along 7 to beyond middle of
cell. Abdomen long, slender, and with an anal tuft.
314, Besaia rubiginea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 459; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 104, fig. 10; C. § S. no. 1142.
3. Olive-grey. Fore wing with a rust-red subbasal line; a
double antemedial highly-waved line, with a streak running outwards
a
Fig. 106.—Besaia rubiginea, G. 4.
from it along vein 2 and one towards base along inner margin; a
double postmedial line, its outer portion diffused, with a series of
pale specks on it, and sending projections outwards towards the
apex and between veins 3 and 4; a series of marginal dark specks.
Hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 58 millim.
Genus CLEAPA.
Cleapa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1036 (1855).
Type, C. latifascia, W1k.
fiange. Burma.
We} NOTODONTID#.
Palpi porrect and slightly sealed. Antenne with the branches
rather short and reaching the apex. Fore wing short and broad ;
Fig. 107.—Cleapa latifascia, 2. 1
vein 6 from angle of cell, 9 and 10 anastomosing with 8 to form a
long areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 running
close along 7 to towards the end of the cell.
315. Cleapa latifascia, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1037; C. 8 S. no. 1176.
@. Head and thorax dark brown. Fore wing dark brown, with
some pale red-brown on inner basal and outer areas; two dark
streaks in the cell; a double antemedial indistinct waved line; a
similar but curved postmedial line, with a black spot beyond it on
inner margin; traces of a pale waved submarginal line. Abdomen
and hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Moulmein; Rangoon. zp. 42 millim.
Genus ICHTHYURA.
Ichthyura, Hiibn. Verz. p. 162 (1816).
Gaugamela, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soe. vi, p. 1388 (1862).
Uxela, Wik, Cat. xxxv, p. 1982 (1866).
Type, J. anastomosis, Linn., from Europe.
Range. N. America; Europe; Japan; China; throughout India
and Ceylon, Borneo, Java.
Palpi porrect and slender. Antenne with the branches long
and reaching the apex. Fore wing rather narrow; vein 5 from
near upper angle of cell; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; no areole. Hind
wing with vein 5 absent ; 6 and 7 onashort stalk ; 8 running close
along 7 to towards the end of cell. Fore leg with the tarsal joints
very short, broad, and thickly fringed with hair.
316. Ichthyura anachoreta, Fubr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 120.
Ichthyura fulgurita, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 483; C. & S. no. 1195.
Ichthyura javana, Moore, Lep. E.I.C. p. 352, pl. xvi, figs. 7, 7a
(larva).
Nerice pallida, W7k. Cat. v, p. 1077; C. § S. no. 1180.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown; palpi fringed with
dark brown ; frous dark brown, a dark-streak from the vertex of
head to vertex of thorax. Fore wing grey-brown; two pale
ICHTHYURA. 173
oblique antemedial lines, the outer bent outwards near inner
margin; a slightly curved postmedial line ; the whole apical area
beyond the cell dark grey-brown down to vein 3, with an irregular
Fig. 108.—Ichthyura anachoreta, 3. 4
series of postmedial white spots on it from the costa to vein 3, and
some red suffusion beyond them ; an indistinct series of submarginal
black spots, the one between veins 2 and 3 prominent and placed
further from the margin. Hind wing pale fuscous.
The Indian form fulgurita (3 34, 9 45 millim.) generally has
some black suffusion beyond the outer antemedial line near the
inner margin, this being wanting in the European, Japanese, and
Chinese typical form; the form javana (5 26, 9 32 millim.; types
bred) is smaller and paler; pallida (2 54 millim.) is a large pale
form from Nepal.
Larva pale brown, covered sparsely with short pale hair; a dorsal
hump on 4th somite, with paired white spots on each side of it ; an
indistinct dark dorsal line; lateral area streaked with dark brown.
Hab. Europe; Japan; China; throughout India and Ceylon;
Java. Hap, 26-54 millim.
317. Ichthyura costicomma, n. sp.
Differs from anachoreta in wanting the dark streak on head and
thorax. Fore wing with an oblique line in addition to the two
antemedial lines from the costa before the middle to inner margin
at the postmedial line, beyond which the area is bright red-brown
suffused with dark brown, except near inner margin beyond the
postmedial line; three regularly-disposed postmedial white spots
below the costa; a well-defined submarginal waved dark line.
Hab. Canara; Nilgiris. Eaxp., g 28, Q 32 millim. Type ¢
in Mus. Oxon., 9 in B.M.
318. Ichthyura cupreata, Butl. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 387,
@. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale reddish brown. Fore
wing with two pale oblique antemedial lines, the first angled at
median nervure, the second curved to near inner margin ; a medial
eutwardly-curved line joining a straight postmedial line at inner
margin; reniform filled in with fuscous; an indistinct lunulate
submarginal line. Abdomen and hind wing paler.
Hab. Campbellpur, Punjab. wp. 30 millim.
174 NOTODONTID&.
319. Ichthyura restitura, WUk. Cat. xxii, p. 433; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pl. 122, figs. 1, 1a, 6 (larva and pupa) ; C. § S. no. 1197.
Ichthyura indica, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 813; C. & S. no. 1196.
3. Differs from ewpreata in being dark red-brown ; the vertex
of head and thorax dark velvety brown. Abdomen and hind wing
dark brown.
Larva purplish brown or grey, with pinkish dorsal tubercles on
4th and 11th somites: a sublateral series of small tubercles ; slight
lateral dark lines; the thoracic somites each with a white black-
centred spot ; two lateral series of whitish dots and some dorsal
ones.
Hab. Bengal; S. India; Ceylon. Exp. 26-34 millim.
320. Ichthyura undulata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 60, pl. 141, fig. 3.
¢@. Pale olive-brown. Fore wing with some dark suffusion
above centre of inner margin and below apex; the two antemedial
lines dentate, the outer line oblique and angled near inner margin ;
the postmedial waved and curved ; the dark waved submarginal line
well defined. Abdomen and hind wing rather paler, the latter
with an indistinct curved postmedial line with a pale spot on it at
inner margin.
The race from the N.W. Himalayas differs from the typical
Nilgiri form in the male having the thorax and fore wing ferru-
ginous, the latter with the two inner and outer lunulate lines grey
with dark edges and a black speck at the end of the cell; hind
wing with the postmedial line and white spot more distinct. The
female is darker; fore wing with the space between the inner
lines and also the ‘outer area suffused with dark orey.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Nilgiris, N. slopes, 3500 ft. Zap. 30
millim.
*321. Ichthyura ferruginea, Moore, P. Z.S. 1865, p. 813; C.§ 8.
no. 1194.
©. Pale red-brown. Head and vertex of thorax dark brown.
Fore wing with slightly curved subbasal and straight ante- and
postmedial lines, with a short oblique line between them above inner
margin ; two dark marks at end of cell; two indistinct series of
submarginal spots.
Hab. NE. Bengal. Zp. 40 millim.
Genus CYPHANTA.
Cyphanta, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 855 (1865).
Type, C. wanthoclora, Wk.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi upturned reaching above vertex of head, the first two joints
fringed with hair, the third naked. Antenne simple. Legs hairy ;
CYPHANTA. 175
mid tibize with one pair of spurs, hind tibise with two pairs. Fore
wing with a tuft of scales at centre of inner margin; the apex
produced and acute; veins 4and 5 from angle of cell, 6 from upper
angle; 7,8, 9,10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from
angle of cell; 5 from centre of discocellulars; 6 and 7 stalked ;
8 running close along 7 to middle of cell.
322. Cyphanta xanthochlora, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p.856; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 107, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 1229.
Head pale brown; palpi orange; collar bright green; thorax
chocolate-brown. Abdomen orange. Fore wing bright green ; an
Fig. 109.—Cyphanta xanthochlora, $. 4.
oblique band composed of a purplish ground with three red-brown
lines on it from the costa near apex to inner margin at middle, then
bent inwards to the base above inner margin; a brown speck on
median nervure, one at end of cell, anda submarginal series. Hind
wing orange, some specimens with submarginal fuscous streaks on
the veins. Underside orange; both wings with fuscous cell-spots
and postmedial lines.
Hab, Sikhim. Evp., 3 70, 2 76 millim,
323. Cyphanta chortochlora, n. sp.
gS. Head and palpi dark brown above, pale below; prothorax
grass-green, meso- and metathorax dark brown ; abdomen ochreous
suffused with fuscous. Fore wing grass-green; a brown mark
enclosing a green spot on inner basal area; a black speck at end
of cell; some small obliquely placed postmedial pale spots edged
with brown. Hind wing ochreous, the outer area suffused with
fuscous. Underside ochreous, each wing with a cell-spot and dark
postmedial line, which is obsolescent on fore wing, curved on hind
wing.
Hab. “ Himalayas.” wp. 56 millim, Type in coll. Moore.
176 ' - NOTODONTID &.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Arunda opponens, W1k., C. & 8. no. 1116. Type lost, descrip-
tion unrecognizable.
Sybrida inordinata, W1k., C. & S. no. 1114, is a Pyrale.
Paravetta discinota, Moore, C. & 8S. no. 1158, is a Pyrale.
Paravetta sikkima, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1159, is a Pyrale.
Cetola dentata, W1k., C. & S. no. 1166= Ramesa ligniferata, W1k.,
C. & S. no. 1526, is a Noctua.
Tricna denticulata, Moore, Butl. Ul. Het. vii, p. 45, is a Noctua.
Hyboma divisa, Moore, Butl. Til. Het. vu, p. 45, is a Noctua.
Hyboma umbrifera, Butl. Ill. Het. vii, p. 46, isa Noctua.
Euscotia inextricata, Moore, Butl. Ill. Het. vii, p. 47, is a Noctua.
Ichthyura submarginalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 60, is a Noctua.
Ingura cornucopia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 61, is a Noctua.
Ingura cristatriv, Guen., C. & 8. no. 1198, is a Noctua.
Ingura subapicalis, Wik., C. & 8. no. 1199, is a Noctua.
Ichthyura argentea, Butl., C. & 8. no. 1193, is a Tinea.
Thyacidas postica, Wlk., C. & 8. no. 1060=Drymonia denotata,
Wik., C. & S. no. 1165, is a Noctua.
Calpe bicolor, Moore, C. & S. no. 1218, is a Noctua.
Calpe fasciata, Moore, C. & S. no. 1219, is a Noctua.
Calpe minuticornis, Guen., C. & S. no. 1220, is a Noctua.
Calpe ophideroides, Guen., C. & S. no. 1221, is a Noctua.
Dabarita icterica, Swinh., C. & S. no. 1117=Calpe bifasciaia,
Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 61, is a Noctua.
Calpe orthograpta, Butl., C. & 8. no. 1222, is a Noctua.
Gadera incitans, Wlk., C. & S. no. 1223, is a Noctua.
Oresia argyrosigna, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1224, is a Noctua.
Oresia emarginata, Fabr., C. & S. no. 1225, is a Noctua.
Oresia provocans, Wlk., C. & S. no. 1226, is a Noctua.
Oresia rectistria, Guen., C. & 8. no. 1227, is a Noctua.
Oresia vagabunda, Swinh., C. & S. no. 1228, is a Noctua.
Arsacia frontirufa, Swinh., C. & S. no. 1230, is a Noctua.
Arsacia saturalis, Wik., C. & 8S. no. 1231, is a Noctua.
Callenia elongata, Butl., C. & S. no. 1528, is a Noctua.
Callenia pullata, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1529, is a Noctua.
Notodonta ejecta, Wik., C. & S. no. 1191. Type lost, description
unrecognizable.
Elydna transversa, Wik., C. & S. no. 1122, is a Noctua.
Hypereschra annulata, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 189, is
a Noctua.
Sphetta moorei, Swinh., C. & 8S. no. 1141, is a Noctua.
Sphetta biocellata, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1140, is a Noctua.
Sphetta apicalis, W1k., C. & S. no. 1139, is a Noctua.
Danaka pyraliformis, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1210, is a Pyrale.
Culasta indecisa, Moore, C. & S. no. 1232, is a Noctua.
Oxicesta marmorea, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1214, is a Noctua.
Gluphisia sinuata, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1178, is a Noctua.
CYMATOPHORID &. 177
Ptilophora kashghara, Moore, C. & S. no. 1200, is from Tur-
kestan.
Moma champa, Moore, C. & S. no. 12138, is a Noctua.
Family CYMATOPHORID.
A family of moths resembling the Moctwide in appearance.
Proboscis present. Antenne usually rather thickened and flattened.
Mid tibia with one pair of spurs, hind tibia with two pairs. Fore
wing with vein 1 @ short and slight, not forming a fork with 16 ;
lc absent; 5 from the centre of the discocellulars; veins 7 and 8
stalked, and 9 and 10 stalked and almost or quite anastomosing
with 7 and 8 to form an areole. Hind wing with two internal
Fig. 110.—Larva of Thyatira batis. }. (From Buckler, Larve
Brit. Butt. Moths, pl. liv, fig. 2.)
veins ; vein 5 from the centre of discocellulars, or generally from
below the centre ; veins 6 and 7 given off not far from the base ;
8 bent down and quite or almost touching 7 after the bifurcation.
Larva: Noctuetorm, with five pairs of prolegs*.
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing with a tuft of scales at outer angle. 1. HaBrosyns, p.178.
b. Fore wing with no tuft of scales at outer
angle.
a'. Fore wing with vein 6 from angle of cell.
a’, Fore wing short and broad ....:..... 2. Tuyartinra, p. 180.
b?. Fore wing long, narrow, and arched .. 6. ToxoIpks, p. 185.
b'. Fore wing with vein 6 from above angle of
cell.
a’. Fore wing with apex rounded; hind
wing with outer margin rounded .... 3. GAURENA, p. 181.
b*. Fore wing with apex acute; hind wing
with outer margin slightly angled.
a*, Antenne thickened and flattened in
IDOGHESEXES ery ays, c. oe dese vas ee cep e 4, PotypLoca, p.182.
b*. Antenne filiform and ciliated in both [p. 185.
SEXES ty ataystere sus SHLAA OIER REA ROLaGIO A 6 5. NEMACEROTA,
* After the Cymatophoride would follow the Noctwide, if the Heterocera
could be arranged in a linear series.
VOL, I, N
178 CYMATOPHORIDZ.
Genus HABROSYNE.
Habrosyne, Hiibn. Verz. p. 236 (1816).
Type, H. derasa, Linn.
Range. N. America; Europe; Japan; Himalayas.
Palpi porrect, the first two joints heavily scaled, the third short
and naked. Antenne with the joints rather broad and flattened ;
collar and patagia thickly fringed with hair ; terminal segments of
abdomen with thick lateral tufts of hair. Fore wing with a tuft
of scales at outer angle; vein 6 from angle of cell; 7 and 8
stalked; 9 and 10 stalked, and almost anastomosing with 7 and 8
to form a short areole. Hind wing with vein 5 from near lower
angle of cell.
324. Habrosyne derasa, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 851; Buckler, Larve
Brit. Butt. Moths, pl. 54, fig. 1 (larva).
Habrosyne fraterna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 406; Buti. Ill. Het.
vil, pl. 125, fiz. 11; C. & S. no. 1629 a.
ponopuare indica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 44; Waterh. Aid, i,
pl. 9.
Head and thorax golden brown, the collar with fine dark lines ;
abdomen pale fuscous. Fore wing silvery grey; a large golden-
brown triangular patch from the costa near base and at apex to
Fig. 111.—Habrosyne derasa, 3. }.
inner margin near outer angle, bordered inwardly by a white line
which sends a tooth obliquely towards the base ; a whitish streak
along the costa crossed by some waved brown lines; small black
strie towards the apex; orbicular and reniform spots with pale
outline ; an extremely undulated quadruple postmedial line from
vein 6 to near inner margin ; a slightly curved or almost straight
submarginal pale band; a waved marginal pale line; cilia pale,
with a dark line through them. Hind wing fuscous.
The form indica, from Sikhim, is rather larger and brighter,
whilst fraterna, from .Dharmsila, is slightly greyer than the
European derasa.
Larva reddish brown; a dark dorsal line; subdorsal round
HABROSYNE. 179
white spots on 4th, 5th, and 6th somites, the two posterior spots
sometimes obsolete. ee
Hab. Furope; Dharmsila; Sikhim; Burma. £wp. 40-54 millim.
325. Habrosyne plagiosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 90; C.§ S. no. 1631.
@. Head and thorax pinkish brown, the collar, meso- and meta-
thorax fringed with brown hair. Fore wing pinkish brown; an
antemedial oblique pink line met below the costa by an oblique
line from near the base; the area beyond the antemedial line
suffused with brown; some short faint waved brown lines from
the costa; orbicular spot represented by a speck ; reniform elon-
gate, with a dark outline; a faint waved double postmedial line
filled in with bright chestnut towards inner margin; a curved pink
band from apex to outer angle. Hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 56 millim.
326. Habrosyne armata, Moore Lep. Atk. p. 90; Waterh. Ard, ii,
pl. 117; C. § S. no. 1629.
$. Head and thorax pale ferruginous, the latter tinged with
pink. Fore wing ferruginous, some pale marks at base; a pinkish
oblique line from costa near base to inner margin beyond the
middle ; a postmedial pink patch on the costa; a double highly
waved postmedial line; a curved submarginal pink band, with a
grey patch on its inner edge; two whitish marginal lines. Hind
wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Khasi Hills. Zap. 66 millim.
327. Habrosyne argenteipuncta, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; thorax with paired
tufts of pale grey, brown-tipped scales from below the patagia.
Fore wing olive-brown; some blue-grey streaks from the costa;
a silvery subbasal spot below the median nervure ; a medial dark
band with waved edges occupying the middle third of the wing,
with some yellow on its outer edge towards inner margin; the
reniform outlined with blue-grey; marginal area suffused with
blue-grey. Hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim (Knyvett). Exp. 38 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
328. Habrosyne sanguinea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 90; C. § S. no. 1632.
g. Head and thorax bright ferruginous red ; abdomen fuscous.
Fore wing with a bright ferruginous basal patch, bearing a silvery
spot below the median nervure, and with creamy white on its
outer edge; the outer half of wing dark ferruginous brown, with a
bright ferruginous streak and patch on inner margin, the latter
with a waved white inner edge; two bright ferruginous patches
N2
180 CYMATOPHORID&.
on costa with white inner edges; the waved lines as in derasa.
Hind wing dark fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 44 millim.
Genus THYATIRA.
Thyatira, Hiibn. Verz. p. 236 (1816).
Type, 7. batis, Linn.
Range. Europe ; Palearctic Asia; Himalayas; Borneo; Java.
Palpi upturned, the first two joints heavily fringed with hair,
the third jot of moderate length and naked; antenne ciliated ;
collar and patagia fringed with long hair; third segment of
abdomen with a tuft of dark scales. Fore wing with the apex
rounded ; thickly scaled; vein 6 from the angle of cell; 9 and 10
stalked, and almost anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form a short
areole. Hind wing with vein 5 from near the lower angle of
cell.
329. Thyatira batis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 836; Buckler, Larve Brit.
Butt. Moths, pl. 54, fig. 2; C. §& S. no. 1524.
Thyatira cognata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 406; Butl. Ill. Het. vii,
pl. 125, fig. 12.
Thyatira decorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 828, pl. 37, fig. 1;
C. & S. no. 1625.
Thyatira vicina, Gwen. Noct. i, p. 13.
Head and thorax pinkish white, with fine brown lines. Fore
wing brown; a large basal pink patch with two brown spots on
it towards inner margin, and bordered by a black line; two pinkish
Fig. 112.—Thyatira batis, g. 1.
patches below the costa towards apex, one on inner margin, and a
larger one with brown centre at outer angle, with a small spot on
the margin above it; some waved medial and postmedial lines.
Hind wing and abdomen fuscous.
The variety cognata is without the pink patch on inner margin
of fore wing, and has’a waved marginal black line ; decorata, from
Sikhim, has an extra pinkish spot in the cell of the fore wing, a
smaller one beyond, and a more complete marginal series; the
THYATIRA.—GAURENA. 31
palpi are usually pink; and it is probably a distinct species. Vicina,
trom Java, is like the typical form, but browner.
Larva brown; the lst somite purplish, the 2nd and 8rd
yellowish ; paired dorsal hump on 2nd and 5th to terminal somites ;
oblique lateral dark stripes on 4th to 10th somites.
flab. Enrope; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim; Java. Hxp. 46 millim.
Genus GAURENA.
Gaurena, Wk. Cat, xxxii, p. 619 (1864).
Type, @. florens, W1k.
Range. Sikhim; Assam Hills.
Only differs from Thyatira in having vein 6 of the fore wing
given off beyond the angle of cell.
330, Gaurena florens, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 620; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 109, fig. 4; C. § S. no, 1627.
Head and thorax olive-brown. Fore wing olive-brown suffused
with yellow, the markings pale yellow and white; a spot near
base, a subbasal waved band ; a spot in the cell, and a larger spot
Fig. 113.—Gaurena florens, $. }.
at the end of it; a postmedial patch on the costa; another at
apex, and one at outer angle ; submarginal and marginal series of
lunulate spots; costa and veins 1 and 2 spotted with yellow.
Abdomen and hind wing pale yellowish fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.
331. Gaurena aurofasciata, n. sp.
3. Differs from florens in the head and thorax being olive;
the subbasal band of the fore wing broader; no white spot at
middle of cell; the spot at end of cell oblong and golden; a
complete postmedial band between the patches on costa and outer
angle ; the submarginal and marginal lunules absent, except two
above outer angle.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Exp. 40 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
182 CYMATOPHORID &.
332. Gaurena florescens, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 620; Butl. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 109, fig. 5; C. § S. no, 1628.
Differs from jflorens in the head and thorax being spotted with
yellow ; the waved subbasal band of the fore wing replaced by a
spot on the costa and one below median nervure; the spot at end
of cell large; the postmedial spot placed below the costa; the
patches at apex and near outer angle smaller ; the marginal series
larger.
Hab. Sikhim; Khdsis; Nagas. Exp. 42 millim.
333. Gaurena fuscescens, n, sp.
3. Head and thorax dark fuscous; abdomen pale. Fore wing
dull brown suffused with fuscous ; traces of numerous waved dark
lines ; a pale speck below median nervure near the base; an in-
distinct dark spot on discocellulars ; a pale patch at apex. Hind
wing pale fuscous, with an indistinct paler band just beyond the
middle.
Hab. Niga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 40 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
334. Gaurena lichenea, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish grey. Fore wing whitish
erey, crossed by numerous waved dark lines ; indistinct antemedial,
postmedial, and submarginal curved dark bands; orbicular and
reniform spots indistinct, the former figure-of-8-shaped, the latter
elongate ; an oblique black apical streak and marginal lunulate
line. Hind wing white, with an indistinct medial fuscous line and
broad blackish marginal band.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller); Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Eup.
38 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus POLYPLOCA.
Polyploca, Hiibn. Verz. p. 273 (1816).
Palimpsestes, Hiibn. Verz. p. 273 (1816).
Saronaga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 330.
Type, P. ridens, Fabr., from Europe.
Range. Europe; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Naga Hills.
Palpi with the first two joints hairy, the third porrect, rather
long and naked. Antenne with the joints wide and flattened ;
patagia heavily fringed with hair. Fore wing thickly scaled, the
apex acute and rather produced; vein 6 from above the angle of
cell; vein 9 anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form an areole. Hind
wing with vein 5 from just below the middle of. discocellulars
or just above the lower angle of cell, or stalked with vein 4. Head
and frons tufted ; abdomen with a tuft on 3rd segment.
POLYPLOCA. 183
335. Polyploca orbicularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 407; C. § S.
no. 1644 c,
Head and thorax grey-brown; the collar with a darker edge ;
abdomen fuscous, the tuft on 3rd somite blackish. Fore wing
grey-brown ; a dark spot at base; a waved subbasal line; curved
Fig. 114.—Polyploca orbicularis, §. +
treble ante- and postmedial lines; the orbicular and reniform spots
whitish or reddish outlined with black; a waved line beyond the
postmedial line and another submarginal commencing as a black
oblique streak from the apex ; a waved marginal line; some dark
specks on costa near apex. Hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Dharmsidla; Sikhim. xp. 44 millim.
336. Polyploca anguligera, n. sp.
¢. Differs from orbicularis in the double antemedial lines of
the fore wing being straighter ; the double postmedial lines highly
angled outwards beyond the cell; the oblique streak from apex
more prominent.
Hab. Niga Hills (Doherty). Hap. 42 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.
337. Polyploca renalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 407; C. § S. no. 1644 p.
Differs from orbicularis in the lines of the fore wing being less
well defined; the ante- and postmedial lines more dentate, the
latter highly angulate ; the orbicular and reniform spots ochreous,
with tufts of raised dark scales on their lower edges. Abdomen
and hind wing darker.
Hab. Dharmsala. Exp. 42 millim.
338. Polyploca albidisca, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 299; C. § 8S.
no. 1642 a.
Polyploca dubia, Warr. P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 800; C. § S. no. 1644 8.
2. Differs from orbicularis in the collar being without the dark
outline. Fore wing with the dark speck further from the base
and oblique, with a white spot inside it; three waved antemedial
black lines at even distances apart; the lines of the outer area
184 CYMATOPHORID &.
more irregular; the orbicular and reniform spots formed by black
streaks with a few orange scales round them, the area below them
rey.
‘ The form dubia is without the white speck at base of fore wing,
the innermost of the three lines is obsolescent, and another is deve-
loped outside them, so that the series becomes medial; the orbicular
and reniform spots less prominent and without grey suffusion below
them; the lines of outer area obsolescent. Some specimens have
the medial area of fore wing suffused with fuscous.
Hab. Kangra, Punjab. wp. 36 millim.
339. Polyploca cuprina, Moore, P. Z: 8. 1881, p. 331, pl. 387, fig. 3;
C. § S. no. 1644.
Head and thorax grey-brown ; abdomen paler. Fore wing grey-
brown with a faint greenish tinge; indistinct double ante- and
postmedial curved and waved lines, and traces of other waved single
lines ; a dark streak on the discocellulars, with a black spot inside
it; a waved submarginal pale line. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.
340, Polyploca albicosta, Moore, P. Z.8, 1867, p. 45; C.§ 8. no. 1626.
3. Head and thorax dark brown; abdomen paler. Fore wing
dark brown ; the costal area suffused with white and greenish at
base ; numerous transverse waved dark lines, of which the most
distinct are one antemedial and one postmedial; orbicular and
reniform spots large and confluent, their upper portions outlined
with black; an oblique black apical streak; a lunulate marginal
line. Hind wing pale fuscous, with slightly darker medial and
broad marginal bands.
The race from the N.W. Himalayas has the palpi and basal joint
of antenne pink ; the collar fringed with pink ; fore wing with the
costal area suffused with pinkish white ; the orbicular and reniform
spots on a diffused yellow patch.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim. zp. 48-50 millim.
341. Polyploca‘albibasis, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey, slightly tinged with rufous.
Fore wing with the costa much arched at base and the apex very
acute; silvery grey; the base white; a whitish fascia along the
costa from one-fifth from base to apex; waved ante- and post-
medial dark lines and submarginal series of white specks. Hind
wing pale fuscous, the outer area darker.
3. In specimens from Simla the ground-colour of the fore
wing is greenish : a fine white submarginal line is present, and the
hind wing is pale ochreous.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim. wp. 68 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
NEMACEROTA.—TOXOIDES. 185
Genus NEMACEROTA, noy.
Type, WV. cinerea, Warr.
Range. Punjab; Sikhim.
Antenne slender and ciliate, simple in female. Palpi upturned,
reaching vertex of head; the first two joints hairy, the third naked
and short. Fore wing with the apex acute and rather produced ;
slightly sealed ; vein 6 from above angle of cell; veins 9 and 10
not quite anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form the areole. Hind
wing with vein 5 from the centre of the discocellulars.
342. Nemacerota cinerea, Warr. P. Z.S. 1888, p. 800; C. §& S. no.
1644 k.
Pale grey. Fore wing with two short dark streaks at the base ;
the basal area brownish and bounded by an indistinct waved dark
Fig. 115.—Nemacerota cinerea, J. 1,
line; an indistinct double postmedial waved line and pale waved
submarginal line. Hind wing paler.
Hab. Thandidni, Punjab. wp. 40 millim.
343. Nemacerota alternata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 331, pl. 87, fig. 2;
C. §& S. no. 1643.
Q. Head and thorax grey-brown ; the vertex of head and collar
red-brown ; abdomen paler. Fore wing greenish ; ante- and post-
medial pinkish bands and curved and waved black lines well defined
towards the costa; traces of other single lines. Hind wing pale
fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim.
Genus TOXOIDES, nov.
Type, 7. longipennis, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the second joint fringed
with hair, the third naked and porrect; antenne flattened and
with short fasciculated cilia. Fore wing very long and narrow,
the costa highly arched, the apex obtuse ; vein 6 from angle of cell ;
7 and 8 on a long stalk; 9 and 10 stalked. Hind wing with the
186 CYMATOPHORIDZ.
outer margin slightly angled at vein 3; veins 3 and 4 from angle
of cell; 5 from centre of discocellulars.
344. Toxoides longipennis, n. sp.
3. Head pale, slightly tinged with rufous; thorax grizzled
brown and grey, the collar tinged with rufous; abdomen pale
fuscous. Fore wing grey suffused with fuscous, especially from
end of cell to apex; the base and costa rufous; numerous faint
Fig. 116.—Toxeides longipennis, g. +
T
waved lines. Hind wing fuscous, with traces of a medial line ; the
cilia paler.
Hab. Sikhim, Hap. 58 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Risoba basalis, Moore, C. & S. no. 1633, is a Noctua.
5 confluens, Moore, ss oy Lies,
» diversipennis, W1k., ne loose.
39
99
» literata, Moore, * 55) L63b% Pe
, obstructa, Moore, a a LO Sie hs
s prominens, Moore, -. Ag) esis}, Ms
» repugnans, W1k., es Oo: 5
,» vialis, Moore, & 5 1640, if
Prirasa variegata, Moore, Ks a5) IGA: 35
5s vitellina, Moore, ae » 1646, i
Tyracona obliqua, Moore, a pe Gane as
¥, trunsversa, Moore, ,, » 648, 5
Sydiva nigrogrisea, Moore, Ee » 1649, a
Osica undulata, Moore, BS 1650,
Lazanda fasciata, WIk., C. & S. no. 1651= boa la muscosa,
W1k., C. & S. no. 3016, is a Noctua.
SESIID #. 187
Family SESIID.
Diurnal Lepidoptera, which feed on the wing and settle on leaves
in hot sunshine; the flight very rapid.
Antenne often dilated or knobbed. Legs often with thick tufts
of hair; mid tibiz with one pair of spurs; hind tibize with two
pairs. Frenulum present. Wings generally more or less hyaline ;
fore wing with veins 1 a and 16 forming a fork at base ; 1 ¢ absent ;
veins 4 to 11 given off at almost even distances from the cell.
Hind wing with three internal veins; vein 8 coincident with 7.
Many species are close “mimics” of various Hymenopterous
forms.
Larva: a fleshy internal feeder on bark or pith, with five pairs
of prolegs.
Pupa armed with hooks for movement in the galleries.
Key to the Genera.
a, Hind legs without tufts of hair on the
joints.
a’, Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 stalked.
a’, Proboscis wanting.
a’, Fore wing with vein 45 present.
Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from angle of cell.
a*, Hind wing with discocellulars
oblique ; palpi of medium
lengthy. cence Se case ay Wee 1. TRocurLiuM, p. 188.
6*, Hind wing with discocellulars
nearly erect; palpilonger .. 2. SpHECODOPTERA, p. 189.
6°. Fore wing with vein 5 absent.. 38, ANTHRENOPTERA,
6°. Proboscis present. [p. 190.
a*®, Hind wing with discocellulars
almost erect.
a‘, Fore wing with vein 2 present.
Hind wing with veins 3 and
4 from cell.
a. Hind tarsi of moderate
length, and not fringed
with scales.
a’, Abdomen with _ lateral
tufts on the terminal
SeSIMEN CSM e eter cis 4, TRILocHANA, p. 190.
6°, Abdomen with the termi-
Nalituitonliyy a eireen 5. SCIAPTERON, p. 191.
6°. Hind tarsi extremely long
and fringed with scales on
the last four joints above. 6. Macrorarsipts, p. 194.
b*, Fore wing with vein 2 absent.
Hind wing with veins 3 and [p. 194.
AMabAUce MAE We aiscbamles , s.acaee 7. ICHNEUMENOPTERA,
SESIID &.
6°. Hine wing with discocellulars
ODINGUTC sedis wrstsaees eer mee eps
b'. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 not
stalked.
a>. Palpi upturned. Hind wing with
vein 3 from end of cell ........
&°. Palpi porrect. Hind wing with
veins 2 and 3 from a point before
endlioticell yyactn ae terete:
b. Hind legs with tufts of hair on the joints.
a’, Legs with moderate or slight tufts
on the joints.
a’. Fore wing with veins 5 and 7
present.
a*, Hind wing with veins 2 and 3
from a point.
a*. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8
stallkedyrey i tycstecntel-ecr-Polciets
6*, Fore wing with veins 7 and 8
Mopistalllced Geran. cps eas ee
6°. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
fromyan gs levonicellligmr yarn:
b°, Fore wing with veins 5 and 7
absent. Hind wing with veins 3
andy4 (stalled) vcm)-eiet tact ere
b'. Hind legs with immensely developed
hairy clothing.
a’. Hind legs with the hair evenly dis-
posed. Hind wing with vein 3
from before end of cell; 6 and 7
Stalked ee i .va-ceustecsishetieiere © eee
b°. Hind legs with the hair disposed in
uneven tufts. Hind wing with
vein 3 from end of cell; veins 6
and 7 not stalked; club of antenna
greatlyadenelopedins a .elietlsl-poels
10.
. SESIA, p. 196.
. ADIxoA, p. 198.
TRICHOCEROTA, p. 199.
. Trnrura, p. 199.
. CERATOCOREMA, p. 200.
3. ASCHISTOPHLEPS, p. 200,
. OLIGOPHLEBIA, p. 201.
. MELITTIA, p. 202.
. LenyRra, p. 205.
Fig. 117.—Trochilium ommatieforme, S. 1.
Genus TROCHILIUM.
Trochilium, Scop. Int. Hist. Nat. p. 414 (1777).
Sphecia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 127 (1818).
Type, Z. apiforme, Cl.; from Europe.
Range. The Palearctic Region.
Antenne of male pectinated ; palpi upturned and reaching the
TROCHILIUM.—SPHECODOPTERA. 189
top of head; mid and hind femora but slightly hairy. Fore wing
with veins 7 and 8 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from
end of cell, the discocellulars very oblique.
345. Trochilium ommatizforme, Moore, MS.
3d. Palpi yellow ; antenne, thorax, and abdomen red-brown,
with a few yellow scales; legs yellow. Wings hyaline, the veins
and margins very narrowly brown.
Hab. Baluchistan. Evp. 38 millim.
346. Trochilium ignicolle, n. sp.
Antenne rufous; palpi yellow; vertex of head rufous; collar
fiery orange ; thorax brown; abdomen brown, the second seoment
fringed with red, the terminal segments fier y orange. Wines
hyaline, with narrow brown margins ; costa of fore wing brown ; :
the costal, median, and internal nervures slightly str eaked with red.
Hab. Simla (Harfor d). Exp., § 36, 2 46 millim. Typein B. M.
Genus SPHECODOPTERA, nov.
Type, S. repanda, Walk.
Range. N. India.
The third joint of palpus longer than in Trochiliwm; the tibie,
especially those of hind legs , much more thickly clothed with hair.
Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; discocellulars more erect.
Antenne almost simple, with a slight bristle to each segment.
347. Sphecodoptera repanda, Wik. Cat. viii, p.11; C. § S. no. 189.
. Antenne orange, black towards tips; legs fulvous, tibiee
with some black hairs ; palpi, collar, and tegule with some yellow
scales ; thorax and abdomen black, the former with a yellow stripe
on vertex, the latter with fulyous segmental bands, the last two
Fig. 118.—Sphecodoptera repanda, $. }.
segments fulvous. Wings hyaline, with the veins and margins
narrowly fulvous; slight black streaks in the interspaces of fore
wing towards apex, and the costa and discocellulars streaked with
orange.
Hab, Simla. Exp, 50 millim.
190 SESIID &.
348. Sphecodoptera flavicollis, n. sp.
@. Differs from repanda in the antenne being wholly black
and shorter ; collar yellow ; two yellow streaks on meso- and meta-
thorax, the latter fringed with yellow; abdomen bright yellow,
the first two segments black, the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments with
terminal black bands, decreasing in width posteriorly. Legs
yellow ; hind legs with a black patch on the inside at end of tibia.
Wings as in repanda; fore wing without the black streaks in the
interspaces towards apex.
Hab. Skardo, Kashmir, 8000 feet (Leech). Evp.48 millim. Type
in coll. Leech.
Genus ANTHRENOPTERA.
Anthrenoptera, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 35 (ined.).
Type, A. contracta, Walk.
Range. Assam.
3. The antenne more heavily pectinated than in T’rochilium ;
the third joint of palpi but slightly longer; fore wing narrower,
with vein 5 wanting; hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; tibize
fringed with hair, especially those of hind legs.
Fig. 119.—Anthrenoptera contracta, S. 4
T°
349, Anthrenoptera contracta, Walk. Cat. viii, p. 11; CG & 8.
no. 188.
¢. Differs from Sphecodoptera repanda in the tegule being
wholly yellow; the margins of wings more broadly fulvous; fore
wing with a large apical fulvous patch.
Hab. Assam. Exp. 34 millim.
Genus TRILOCHANA.
Trilochana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 9 (1879).
Type, 7. scolioides, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Burma.
The apex of the fore wing somewhat pointed ; abdomen with
lateral tufts on last two segments ; the anal tuft largely developed.
Venation, antenne, palpi, and legs as in Sphecodoptera.
TRILOCHANA.—SCIAPTERON. 191
*350. Trilochana scolioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 10, pl. ii, fig. 2;
C. & S. no. 206.
Antenne dark brown. Palpi, thorax, and abdomen purple-
brown, the segments of the last fringed with grey; the last two
segments at sides and below and anal tuft red, some black hairs
fringing the tuft above. Legs clothed with long black hairs, hind
tarsi yellowish. Wings shining olive-green, a short narrow trans-
parent basal streak on fore wing and two triangular streaks on the
hind wing.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 47 millim.
351. Trilochana ignicauda, n. sp.
¢. Differs from scolioides in the head, thorax, abdomen, and
wings being uniform dark purplish metallic blue; abdomen with
the lateral and anal tufts fiery red. Fore wing without a hyaline
Fig. 120.—Trilochana ignicauda, 3. 3.
streak; hind wing with three hyaline streaks at base. Underside
with the outer half of wings bronzy. Palpi fringed with grey hairs ;
legs uniform black.
Hab. Momeit, Burma (Doherty). Exp. 29 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
Genus SCIAPTERON.
Sciapteron, Staudgr. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1856, p. 195.
Pramila, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 9 (1879).
Pseudosesia, Feld. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, xliii, 1, p. 28 (1861).
Type, S. tabaniforme, Rott., from Europe.
Range. The Palearctic Region; Sikhim; Burma.
Palpi upturned, the third joint short, as in Trochilium. Vena-
tion of fore wing as in that genus; hind wing with the disco-
cellulars but slightly oblique; veins 3 and 4 from end of cell.
Anal tuft strongly developed; hind tibie but slightly fringed
with hair.
Secor. I. Male with antenne bipectinated.
352. Sciapteron flammans, n. sp.
Palpi, head, and legs orange-yellow, with a few black scales on
them ; antenne orange ; collar black, fringed with yellow ; thorax
black, the tegule and metathorax fringed with yellow ; abdomen
blue-black, each segment with a bright yellow band; anal tuft
black and orange. Fore wing clothed with orange and black scales,
192 SESIID &.
the veins black. Hind wing hyaline; the veins orange and black ;
outer margin and cilia black.
Hab. Murree. Evp., ¢ 26, 2 31 millim. Type in coll. Leech.
Szct. II. Male with antennez fasciculated.
353. Sciapteron grotei, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 414; CA § S.
no. 207.
Sciapteron rangoonensis, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 169.
g. Antenne and vertex of head black ; palpi and frons yellow ;
gene white: thorax black, with lateral yellow streaks ; metathorax
with a yellow band; abdomen black, with yellow bands on all
except the Ist and 3rd segments; anal tuft black, shading to
brown; legs yellow and black; tarsi white-ringed. Wings yel-
lowish hyaline; fore wing with the margins and discocellulars
broadly black, narrowly so in hind wing.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 30 millim.
354. Sciapteron ceruleimicans, n. sp.
3. Differs trom rangoonensis in the palpi being black and orange ;
the frons grey, surrounded by white; thorax and abdomen with
barely a trace of orange markings and bands; legs with less
yellow; fore wing with some brilliant sky-blue metallic scales at
and beyond the lower end of the cell.
Hab, EB. Pegu, 1000 ft., Apr. (Doherty). Exp. 30 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
355. Sciapteron atkinsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 9, pl. ii, fig. 1;
C. & S. no, 190,
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen bluish black ; legs brown ; palpi
below and tarsal joints fringed with white. Wings hyaline ;
veins, costa, cilia, and a narrow discocellular streak to the hind
wing black. Fore wing with a broad orange-red black-bordered
discocellular streak.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 55 millim.
Secor. III. Male with antenne simple.
356. Sciapteron noblei, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 166,
Sciapteron jucunda, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 167.
Fig. 121.—Sciapteron noblei, . +
The antennze fulvous ; palpi yellow. Head black; gene white ;
tegule more or less fulyous; thorax and abdomen blue-black, with
SCIAPTERON, 193
traces of orange bands above and white below; anal tuft blue-black.
above, with some orange below in one male, wholly orange in
another male, this being the form named jucunda; in the female
black, with the tip orange. Legs black; the tibie and tarsi ringed
with fulvous and white. Fore wing metallic blue-black, with a
purple tinge. Hind wing hyaline, the veins and margins narrowly
black ; cilia brownish.
Hab. Rangoon. Eap. 34 millim.
*357. Sciapteron sikkima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.9; C.§ S. no. 208.
3. Differs from noblet in the antenne being black above ; the
thorax with a chrome-yellow streak on each side. Fore tarsi
white ; mid and hind tarsi spotted with white.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 30 millim.
358. Sciapteron metallicum, n. sp.
Differs from noble: in the thorax being wholly blue-black ; abdo-
men blue-black, the segments slightly fringed with yellow; palpi
black, with some grey hairs; thorax greyish below; tarsi black.
Hab. Karen Hills (Fea). Exp. 32 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
309. Sciapteron gracile, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 168.
Q. Antenne, head, and thorax orange-yellow; abdomen black
above, with the lst and 3rd segments and anal tuft orange, and
traces of orange bands below. Fore wings orange, powdered with
a few black scales. Hind wing hyaline; the veins orange; cilia
of both wings black. Legs orange and black.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 34 millim.
360. Sciapteron cupreivitta, n. sp.
3S. Palpi yellow ; frons grey, surrounded by white ; head, thorax,
and abdomen blue-black, the 5th segment of the last banded with
yellow ; anal tuft blue-black, with two tufts of yellow scales above ;
tibiee banded with yellow ; tarsi yellow. Fore wing above brown,
suffused with blue-black ; slight yellow hyaline streaks between
the nervules ;: a brilliant coppery-red streak in the end of the cell;
below coppery gold. Hind wing with the discocellular band
coppery; the veins, margins, and cilia brown.
Hab. Eastern Pegu, 1000 feet, April (Doherty). Hap. 28 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
361. Sciapteron tenuimarginatum, n. sp.
2. Differs from typical Sciapteron in vein 5 of hind wing arising
from near the upper angle of cell. Palpi yellow; frons white;
VOL. I. Oo
194 SESIID ©.
antenné orange; head and thorax dark, much marked with
yellow; abdomen dark, the segments fringed with yellow. Legs
yellow, some dark hairs on end of hind tibia. Wings hyaline, the
veins, margins, and discocellulars of fore wing very narrowly dark.
Hab. Karen Hills (fea). Exp.32millim. Type in coll. Moore.
Genus MACROTARSIPUS, nov.
Type, WM. albipunctus, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
Palpi and neuration as in Sctapteron, except that vein 6 of the
hind wing is from the upper angle of cell. Antenne simple and
very long. Legs very long; hind tarsi extremely elongate, the
four terminal joints thickly fringed with scales above.
362. Macrotarsipus albipunctus, n. sp.
¢. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen metallic blue-black.
Palpi blue-black, white below. Legs blue-black, coxze of fore legs
Fig. 122.—Macrotarsipus albipunctus, $. }.
fringed with white; a ring of white scales on hind tibia at each
pair of spurs, and at end of first jomt of tarsus. Wings hyaline:
the veins narrowly black; the margins and discocellulars of fore
wings somewhat broadly black.
Hab. Bhimo, Burma (fea). Exp. 24 millim. Type in coll.
Moore.
Genus ICHNEUMENOPTERA, nov.
Type, J. auripes, Hmpsn.
Range. Bengal; Assam; Burma.
3. Palpiwith the third joint longer than in Sccapteron. Antenne
long and simple. Legs naked. Abdominal tuft long. Fore wing
with vein 2 absent; the stalk of veins 7 and 8 shorter. Hind
wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked; 6 from near the upper angle of
the cell.
363. Ichneumenoptera auripes, n. sp.
¢. Palpi yellow below, black above. Frons white; antenne,
head, thorax, abdomen, and anal tuft black with a few scattered
ICHNEUMENOPTERA. 195
yellow scales. Fore legs orange with the coxe yellow. Hind
legs with the femur blue-black, tibia orange with a blue-black
Fig. 123.--Ichneumenoptera auripes, G. }.
band, tarsus blue banded with white. Wings transparent, the
veins and margins narrowly black with a few yellow scales; cilia
brown.
Hab. Sibsagar; E, Pegu, 4000 feet, April; Tenasserim valley
(Doherty). Hap. 26 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
364. Ichneumenoptera flavicincta, n. sp.
3S. Differs from auripes in each segment of the abdomen being
fringed with yellow. Mid and hind legs black, ringed with yellow.
Fore wing with the margins and discocellular band more broadly
black. (Fore legs wanting.)
Hab, Tenasserim Valley (Doherty). Exp. 19 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.
365. Ichneumenoptera xanthosoma, n. sp.
¢. Differs from auripes in the frons and vertex of head being
metallic blue, a white stripe down each side of frons; head fringed
with yellow behind; collar metallic blue; thorax yellow striped
with black; abdomen yellow. “Each segment fringed with black ;
legs yellow, hind tibia with two blue-black spots above.
Hab. Moulmein. ep. 20 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
366. Ichneumenoptera flavipalpus, n. sp.
3g. Differs from auripes in the palpi being wholly yellow; the
frons dark; thorax and abdomen brown, suffused with yeilsw.
Fore wing hyaline; the veins and margins, a discocellular band,
and the outer area, brown suffused with yellow. Hind wing
hyaline; the veins and margins narrowly brown. Legs whoily
yellow.
Hab. Barrackpore. Exp. 20 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
367. Ichneumenoptera ignifera, n. sp.
3. Palpi black above, yellow below; frons surrounded by white ;
antenne, thorax, and abdomen black, anal tuft fiery red; abdomen
red and white below towards extremity. Fore wing yellowish
hyaline; the veins, discocellular band, and minTgIN. narrowly
O
196 SESIID ®.
brown, the outer margin with a broad brown band. Hind wing
hyaline, the veins and margins narrowly brown.
Hab. Karen Hills (Fea) ; “Bernardmyo (Doherty). Exp. 28 millim.
Type in coll. Moore.
Genus SESIA.
Sesia, Fubr. Syst. Ent. p. 547 (1775); Schrank, Fauna Borca, ii, 1,
p- 153 (1801).
éEgeria, Fabr. Iilig. Mag. Ins. vi, p. 288 (1807).
Type, S. tipuliformis, Clerk, Europe.
Range. All the regions, except Australasian.
Palpi slightly longer and more slender than in the preceding
genera. Hind wing with the discocellulars oblique, the venation
otherwise as in Sevapterons Anal tuft large in the male.
In the typical section the antenne are heavily ciliated in the male.
Secr. II. The antenne simple in the male.
368. Sesia quinquecincta, n. sp.
Head and thorax blue-black; abdomen black, with five broad
yellow bands; anal tuft and legs blue-black, the latter slightly
fringed with white; coxe of legs white. Wings hyaline; the
veins, margins, and cilia smoky brown; costa and discocellular
streak of fore wing blue-black. Hind tibie not fringed with hair.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 teet, May (Doherty). Kap.
24 millim. ‘Type in coll. Elwes.
369. Sesia minuta, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 171, pl. vi, fig. 5
2. Antenne black ; palpi ochreous ; frons with the centre grey
surmounted by white; collar whitish; thorax with a few orange
scales; abdomen black, the 2nd, 4th, and 5th segments with
yellow bands above ; all the segments white—banded below. Legs
black and ochreous. Fore wing hyaline with opal tints, the veins
and margins dark, and the whole outer area suffused with purplish
fuscous; a prominent orange discocellular band. Hind wing
hyaline, the veins and margins narrowly black. Underside of
fore wing with the basal part yellow. Hind tibie slightly hairy.
Hab. Rangoon. Lap. 24 millim.
370. Sesia unicincta, n. sp.
Differs from minuta in the third segment of the abdomen only
having a yellow band. Fore wing with the margins narrowly —
black; the area beyond the cell hy aline, with afew yellow scales
beyond the discocellulars and near the apex.
‘Hab. Karen Hills (Fea). Exp.18millim. Type in coll. Moore.
SESIA. 197
371. Sesia xanthosticta, n. sp.
$. Palpi dark above, yellow below; frons black and surrounded
by yellow. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black; abdomen
with a yellow dorsal patch on first segment; a yellow sublateral
line. Legs black, with some yellow on femora and tibie. Fore
wing black, with a hyaline patch edged with yellow in the cell; a
yellow patch beyond the cell, the veins crossing it black. Hind
wing hyaline, the base and costa slightly yellow; the vems, outer
margins, and cilia black.
Hab. Kashmir (Leech). Exp. 18 millim. Type in coll. Leech.
372. Sesia tricincta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 8; C. § S. no. 194.
3. Brown; the antenne grey at base; the palpi below, collar,
streaks at sides of thorax, and basal medial and anal bands of
abdomen yellow. Legs brown, tarsi with white bands. Wings
opalescent hyaline, with narrow purple-brown borders and disco-
cellular bands.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 22 millim.
*373. Sesia flava, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.8; C. § S. no. 193.
Antenne yellow with the tips brown; palpi, collar, and streaks
on vertex and sides of thorax yellow; abdomen brown, with yellow
segmental bands; anal tuft yellow. Legs yellow, banded with
brown. Fore wing hyaline, the base and apex yellowish; veins
and margins narrowly brown. Hind wing hyaline, with the cilia
brown.
Hab. Sikbim. Exp. 17 millim.
374. Sesia flavicaudata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 559, pl. 211, fig. 12.
3. Purple-black; gene white; palpi below, collar, and a narrow
band on the fifth abdominal segment yellow; anal tuft orange.
Fig. 124.—Sesia flavicaudaia, 3. 3.
Legs banded with yellow. Wings hyaline, with the veins, margins,
and discocellular band purple-black, broadly so on fore wing,
narrowly on hind wing.
Hab. Punduloya, Ceylon. Eup. 17 millim.
198 SESIID ©.
375. Sesia flavipes, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, figs. 19, 20.
Metallic blue-black ; palpi, collar, and tibia orange. Abdomen
with narrow segmental orange bands expanding into wide lateral
patches ; anal tuft blue-black above, orange below. Wings hyaline ;
the margins, discocellulars, and veins purple-black : fore wing with
the margins broadly black, and nearly the whole outer area dark
with narrow yellow streaks between the veins. female with the
abdominal orange bands broader.
Hab. Bangalore; Punduloya,Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 16, 9 14 millim.
Genus ADIXOA, nov.
Type, A. alterna, Walk.
Range. S. India; Tenasserima.
g. Antenne with fascicles of cilia; palpi as in Sciapteron.
Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 not stalked ; the venation otherwise
as in Sciapteron. Fore legs with a strong tibial tuft of hair; the
- other pairs but slightly hairy.
376. Adixoa alterna, W7k. Cat. xxxi, p. 10; C. § 8. no. 192.
g. Purple-brown; frons, collar, tegule, and metathorax yellow.
Abdomen with lateral yellow spots on the first and fourth seg-
Fig. 125.—Adizoa alterna, 8. j.
ments, one each on the vertex of the second and seventa
segments ; anal tuft black, the base of the tuft above and below
yellow. Fore wiag purple-brown suffused with yellow; a hyaline
streak in the cell and four beyond. Hind wing byaline; the veins,
margins, and discocellular band purple-black.
Hab. Coimbatore, S. India. Zap. 28 millim.
377. Adixoa auricollum, n. sp.
3. Palpi, antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen blue-black ;
frons white, head fringed with white behind: collar fringed with
orange; abdomen with orange bands on three last segments and
on all the segments below. Legs blue-black ; fore leg with the
tarsi white; hind leg with some pale hairs on tibia. Fore wing
blue-black, with hyaline spaces in and below the cell, and a small
quadrifid space beyond. Hind wing hyaline, with broad blue-black
margins and discocellular band.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley (Doherty). Exp. 25 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.
TRICHOCEROTA.—TINTHIA. 199
Genus TRICHOCEROTA, nov.
Type, 7. ruficincta, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
Antenne with tufts of long cilia arising from serrations. Palpi
somewhat slight and porrect. Jore wing with vein 4 absent ;
7 and 8 not stalked. Hind wing with veins 2 and 3 from near
together and some way before the end of the cell; vein 6 from the
upper angle of the cell. Hind tibiz naked.
378. Trichocerota ruficincta, n. sp.
3. Palpi reddish; head, thorax, and abdomen black; thorax
with slight reddish streaks; abdomen with red bands on the fifth
Fig. 126.—Trichocerota ruficincta, S. }.
and seventh segments. Fore wing dark reddish srowa with slight
hyaline streaks j in the cell and between veins 2, 3, ind 4, Hind
wing yellowish hyaline; the veins, margins, and cilia black.
Hab. Eastern Pegu, 500 feet, April (Doherty). Exp. 22 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus TINTHIA.
Tinthia, Walh. Cat. xxxi, p. 23 (1864).
Type, 7. varipes, Walk., from Celebes.
Range. Japan; China; Celebes; S. India.
Antenne slender and serrated in both sexes, hardly dilated
before the end; palpi slight and porrect. Legs with slight tufts
of hair at the joints. Wings very narrow; fore wing with the
venation of Sesia; hind wing with veins 2 and 3 given off at a
point before the end of the cell; 6 and 7 from the upper angle of
cell; discocellulars nearly erect.
379. Tinthia cupreipennis, Walk. Cat. xxxi, p.11; C.§ S.no.191.
3g. Brown with iridescent colours ; the palpi, tufts on legs, and
Fig. 127.—Tinthia cupreipennis, 3. 2.
narrow segmental bands to the abdomen ochreous; anal tuft
200 SESIID 2.
black, orange at the tip. Fore wing irrorated with ochreous
scales. Hind wing hyaline, the veins and margins dark.
Hab. Coimbatore, 8. India. wp. 18 millim.
Genus CERATOCOREMA, nov.
Type, C. posteristatum, Hmpsn.
Range. Ganjam ; Poona.
Antenne with two series of very long cilia. Palpi short and
porrect. Fore leg with tibia slightly hairy ; mid leg with the tibia
and first tarsal joint strongly tutted with hair; hind leg with two
tufts of hair on the tibia and one on the first tarsal joint. Abdo-
men short and stout, with lateral anal tufts. Wings short; fore
wing with veins 7 and 8 not stalked ; hind wing with veins 2 and 3
from a point before the end of the cell, vein 6 from upper angle
of cell.
380. Ceratocorema postcristatum, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown; anal tufts
reddish at base, black at tip. Mid legs clothed with reddish
Fig. 128.—Ceratocorema postcristatum, 3. 4.
hairs, those on the first tarsal joint blue-black ; hind legs clothed
with mingled reddish and blue-black hairs. Wings yellowish
hyaline, the veins and margins red-brown, narrowly so on the hind
wing.
Hab. Berhampore, Ganjam (Minchin); Poona. Evp. 16 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus ASCHISTOPHLEPS, nov.
Type, A. lampropoda, Hmpsn.
Range. Assam; Pegu.
g. Antenne simple. Palpi upturned, the third joint long and
slightly porrected. Mid legs with terminal tufts of hairs on the
tibiz ; hind legs with two strong tufts on the tibie, and the first
tarsal joint strangly tufted. Abdomen slight in the typical
species. Wings rather short; fore wing with veins 7 and 8 not
stalked ; hind wing as in Sciapteron.
381. Aschistophleps lampropoda, n. sp.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Hind legs with the
tibiee fringed with yellow hairs near the base, the rest of the tibiz
ASCHISTOPHLEPS.—OLIGOPHLEBIA. 201
and first tarsal joint with orange hairs mixed with a few silvery
scales ; the distal tarsal joints black. Wings yellow hyaline, the
Fig. 129.—Aschistophleps lampropoda, S. }.
veins, margins, and a broad discocellular streak to fore wing
black; cilia black; inner margin of hind wing orange.
Hab. Margarita, Assam, May (Doherty). Hp. 20 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
382. Aschistophleps melissoides, n. sp.
@.Abdomenapiform. Palpi white; head, thorax, and abdomen
black ; tibize and first tarsal joint of mid and hind legs clothed
with black, grey, and white hairs. Wings hyaline, with the veins
and margins black; fore wing with a black band occupying the
middle third of the wing, and sending three spurs outwards along
costa, vein 5, and inner margin.
An excellent mimic of the smaller Indian bee, Apis indica.
Hab. Eastern Pegu, 1000 feet, April (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus OLIGOPHLEBIA.
Oligophlebia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, O. nigralba, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
Antenne minutely ciliated. Palpi upturned. Fore tibia with
a terminal tuft of hair; mid legs with a small median and large
terminal tuft to the tibia, the first two joints of the tarsus tufted ;
hind tibia with a very large terminal tuft. Fore wing with veins
5 and 7 absent. Hind wing with the discocellulars erect; veins
3 and 4 stalked.
Fig. 130.—Oligophlebia nigralba, 3. 2.
383. Oligophlebia nigralba, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, fig. 21.
3d. Head and thorax black ; frons, gene, palpi below, and pectus
202 SESIID ©.
silvery white. Legs black, the tibie and tarsi ringed with white.
Fore wing black, with a hyaline patch on the disk crossed by veins
4 and 6, which are black. Hind wing hyaline, with the veins and
margins narrowly black.
Hab. Ceylon. Hap. 15 millim.
Genus MELITTIA.
Melittia, Walk. Cat. viii, p. 66 (1856),
Type, WM. satyriniformis, Hiibn., from N. America.
Range. 8. and W. Africa. The Oriental region to Celebes and
Gilolo; Nearctic and Neotropical regions,
Antenne with fascicles of cilia in the male, simple in the
female; much dilated before the tip, which is pointed. Palpi
erect and rather slender, the 2nd joint slightly hairy. Hind leg
with the tibia and tarsus clothed with thick long hair down to the
ungues, and used for steadying the insect in the air whilst feeding
from flowers. Fore wing with shape and venation of Sciapteron.
Hind wing with vein 3 given off before the end of the cell; vein 6
present. Anal tuft slight.
384. Melittia astarte, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 61, pl. 30, fig. 4;
C. § S. no. 198.
Glossy brassy black. Antenne ringed with lead-colour beyond
the middle. Head, collar, and first and last segments of abdomen
orange. Hind legs inwardly black; outwardly orange with a few
white hairs. Fore wing brassy black, with no hyaline streaks.
Hind wing" hyaline, the veins orange; a black marginal line.
Cilia of both wings orange.
Hab, Central India. xp. 25 millim.
385. Melittia pellecta, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 169, pl. vi,
fig. 2.
@. Black; thorax fulvous, with a greenish tinge; abdomen with
afew terminal grey scales to each segment. Hind legs black, with
a few grey hairs. Fore wing black, with very slight hyaline streaks
between some of the veins and irrorated with grey scales. Hind
wing hyaline, with the veins and cilia black; a few silvery-blue
scales on inner margin.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 38 millim.
386. Melittia volatilis, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 170, pl. vi,
fig. 3.
2. Differs from pellecta in the thorax being black; the fore
wing with no grey scales. Hind wing with a large silvery-blue
pateh on inner margin. Hind legs with more grey hairs.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 24 millim.
MELITTIA, 203
387. Melittia eurytion, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 62, pl. 30, fig. 5;
C. § S. no. 197.
Melittia strigipennis, Walk. Cat. xxxi, p. 17.
Differs from volatilis in the thorax being olive-green; the
abdomen with more distinct silvery segmental bands. Fore wing
with the hyaline streaks in, below, and beyond the cell considerably
Fig. 1381.—Melittia eurytion, 8. }.
more extensive, those beyond being either three or four in number ;
some grey scales on the apical area. Hind legs clothed with
black and chocolate-brown hairs, with a few grey hairs above and
tufts below.
Hab. Japan; throughout N.E. India and Burma; Poona;
Java; Gilolo. Hp. 24-30 millim.
388. Melittia indica, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xiv, p.411; C.§ S. no. 199.
Melittia staudingeri, Bowsd. Lép. Hét. i, p. 478; C. & S. no. 203.
g. Antenne, head, thorax, and fore legs red-brown, darkest in
Sikhim specimens; pectus yellow. Hind legs black, with a tuft of
pale yellow hairs on the outside of the tibia. . Abdomen black-
brown, with narrow yellowish segmental bands; white below.
Fore wing with five hyaline streaks between the nervules. Hind
wing with pale greenish blue on inner margin.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Tenasserim. Hp. 32 millim.
389. Melittia grandis, n. sp.
g. Thorax olive-green. Abdomen dark green, with yellow
rings; pectus yellow, with lateral purplish patches; fore legs
black, yellow, and orange. Hind legs with the femur and tibia
clothed with black hairs, some yellow hairs on the inner side of the
femur ; the hairs on the outside of the tibia and all those clothing
the tarsus fiery orange. Fore wing with no recurrent streak
in the cell; the apical hyaline area large and embracing the fork
of the subcostals. Hind wing with a few bluish scales on the
inner margin ; cilia of both wings brown.
Hab. Sikbim (Moller). Exp.50 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
390. Melittia newara, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 10; C. § S. no. 201.
3. Differs from indica in the thorax being bright golden
yellow, the vertex slightly black. Fore wing with the apical
204 SESIID A,
hyaline space larger, leaving a narrow marginal band. Hind wing
with no blue on inner margin. Hind legs with a few red hairs
from the joint of femur and tibia. Abdomen yellow below.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 35 millim.
391. Melittia kuluana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 392; Butl. Ill. Het.
Vii, p. 98, pl. cxxxv, fic. 12; C. & 8. no. 199 a.
g. Differs from indica in the head, collar, thorax, and first two
segments of abdomen being olive-brown; pectus and abdomen
below yellowish white. Hind legs with afew fulvous hairs on the
tibia and tarsus externally, as well as the yellow ones. Fore wing
with the hyaline streaks between the nervules longer and leaving
a small apical patch. Hind wing with no blue on inner margin.
Hab. Kulu. ap. 30 millim.
392. Melittia notabilis, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 168, pl. vi,
fig. 1
@. Head, thorax, and first three segments of abdomen fulvons
above, the other segments black with narrow yellow segmental
bands ; abdomen yellow below; pectus yellow and white. Hind
legs black, with some tufts of yellow hair on the outside of the
tibia and first joint of tarsus; wings fulvous at base and inner
margin; fore wing irrorated with brown scales; the hyaline
streaks of the same extent as in eurytion; cilia of both wings
brown.
Hab, Rangoon. Exp. 40 millim.
393. Melittia gigantea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 413; Waterhouse, Aid,
ii, pl. 131, fig. 4; C. & S. no. 198.
Differs from notabilis in the fore wing having the hyaline streaks
between the nervules rather longer ; the apical area powdered with
grey scales; the costa ochreous; the recurrent black streak in the
cell short. Hind legs with the tufts of hair externally fulvous,
internally yellow on the tibia, black on the tarsus.
Hab. Mussooree. Exp. 44 millim.
394. Melittia chalciformis, Fair. Ent. Syst. iii, pt. 1, p. 382.
Melittia bombyliformis, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, p. 241, pl. 400 c¢;
CaS 1S. n0.196;
Melittia phorcus, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 62; C. & S. no. 202.
Head brown; thorax fulvous with the vertex brown; the first
two segments of abdomen fulvous; the other segments black with
narrow yellow segmental bands ; yellowish white below; palpi and
pectus yellow and white. Hind legs black; the tibie and tarsi
tufted externally with yellow and fulvous hairs. Wings slightly
MELITTIA.—LENYRA. 205
fulvous at base ; fore wings irrorated with brown and grey scales ;
the hyaline streaks as in eurytion ; cilia of both wings brown.
Hab, Ceylon; Central India; Bombay; Ganjam; Moulmein ;
Sylhet ; Tenasserim ; Java. Evp., ¢ 32, 9 34-36 millim.
395. Melittia nepcha, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 10; C. & S. no. 200.
Melittia dorsatiformis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 43, pl. exxxix, fig. 21.
Melittia congruens, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 169, pl. vi,
fig. 4.
Differs from chalciformis in having the collar blue-black ; mid
tibia with blue bands; hind legs with white hairs replacing the
yellow ones, with a few blue scales at joint of femur and tibia.
Fore wing with the hyaline streaks in and below the cell broader ;
the apical hyaline area typically large and having a narrow black
margin; in the Pegu and Perak specimens it only just embraces
the fork of the subcostals, whilst in the Rangoon specimen,
congruens, it does not include the fork at all.
Hab. Sikhim; Nilgiris; Rangoon; Pegu; Tenasserim ; Perak.
Exp. 28-32 millim.
Genus LENYRA.
Lenyra, Walk. Cat. viii, p. 71 (1856).
Type, LZ. astaroth, Westw.
Range. Sikhim; Assam; Sylhet.
3. Head comparatively small, palpi slight and porrect ; antenne
simple, thickened distally into a pronounced club. Thorax and
abdomen covered with small closely appressed scales. Fore and
mid pairs of legs without long hairs. Hind legs clothed with
thick tufts of hair of irregular length. Fore wing with the apex
much rounded ; vein 2 given off some way before the end of the
cell; 9 stalked with 7 and 8.
596. Lenyra astaroth, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 14, pl. vi, fig. 5;
C. § S. no. 204.
gd. Entirely black, shot with brilliant metallic iridescent
Fig. 132.—Lenyra astaroth, 8. t.
colours. Hind leg in Sikhim specimens clothed entirely with
206 TIN EGERIID &.
deep blue-black hairs, some of them on the outside of tibia being
tipped with white; whilst m the Sylhet specimen the hair on the
inside of the tibia is fuscous black.
Hab, Sikhim; Assam; Sylhet. wp. 46-51 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian are omitted.
Thyris asiliformis, Fabr., C. & 8. no. 205, is probably a W.
Indian Zygenid.
Sura chalybea, Butl., C. & 8. no. 209, is from Singapore.
Family TIN AGERIIDA: *.
Small day-flying moths, mostly with brilliant colours; the an-
tenne thickly fringed with long scales along the whole or part of
their length ; palpi long, slender, and sickle-shaped. Wings long,
narrow, and pointed; fore wing with vein 10 slightly forked or
simple at the base, veins 7 and 8 stalked ; hind wing more or less
hyaline, three internal veins, vein 8 free from the root. Legs often
clothed with long scales above or on the spurs, which are long.
Larve (of known species) feeding in webs.
Key to the Genera.
a. Antenne fringed along whole upperside;
fore wing with vein 2 from end of cell.... 1. SNELLEN1A, p. 206.
6. Antenne only fringed on median joints; fore
wing with vein 2 from before end of cell.
a', Fore wing with vein 6 present ; hind tibiee [p. 207.
with the spurs tufted ................ 2. CHDEMATOPODA,
b’. Fore wing with vein 6 absent ; hind tibiz
with the spurs not tufted ..........., 3. ERETMOCERA, p. 208.
Genus SNELLENTIA.
Snellenia, Wism. Trans. Ent. Soe. 1889, p. 18.
Type, S. coccinea, Wism.
Range. Japan; Sikhim; Australia.
Antenne thickly frmged on the upperside. Palpi erect and
slender. Fore wings with vein 16 forked at the base, 7 and 8
stalked. Hing wing with vein 1 a short, 1 6 furcate at base, 3 and
4 stalked ; the end of cell square. Legs slightly tufted at base of
spurs.
* This family is shown by Lord Walsingham, in his Monograph, Trans. Ent.
Soe. 1889, to be allied to T%nthia in the Sesiide on the one hand, and on the
other to the subfamilies of Tineide, the Gelechiine, Dasycerine, and Butaline.
“i
SNELLENTA.— GDEMATOPODA. 207
397. Snellenia coccinea, Wism. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 15, pl. ii.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Fore wing scarlet, with
small black spots at the base of costa and inner margin; a bluish-
Fig. 1383.—Snellenia coccinea, S. 2.
(From CHIE Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, pl. ii.)
black metallic spot at end of cell. Hind wing black; the costal
area to beyond the middle rosy pink. Cilia of both wings black.
Underside with the outer area of both wings suffused with
fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim, 5000 feet. Hp. 15 millim.
398. Snellenia tarsella, Wism. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 15, pl. vi, fig. 3.
Q. Differs from coccinea in the thorax being scarlet, the
fore wing scarlet with the veins marked with black lines; the
inner area blackish. Hind wing rather paler than the fore wing,
the outer area broadly blackish. Tarsi white-ringed.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 28 millim.
Genus H©DEMATOPODA.
(Edematopoda, Zell. Vet. Ak. Handl. 1852, p. 96 (1854).
Atkinsonia, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. v, p. 125 (1859).
Type, &@. princeps, Z., from Natal.
Range. Japan; India; Natal.
Antenne with the median segments fringed with scales; palpi
very long and slender. Wings pointed; fore wing with vein 1
forked at the base, 2 given off before the end of cell; hind wing
with vein 1 a@ short, the lower angle of cell rounded. Legs, espe-
cially the hind legs, with the spurs tufted.
399. (dematopoda clerodendronella, Staint. Trans. Ent. Soc. v,
p. 125; Wism. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 21, pl. vi, fig. 7; C.§ S.
no. 4940.
Head and frons purple ; palpi with the second joint orange, the
third purple. Antenne purple-black. Fore wing brilliant coppery
red. Hind wing reddish orange; the cilia of both wings greyish.
208 TIN EGERIID
Thorax coppery red; abdomen blue-black, with a narrow white
medial band. Legs black with white spots.
Fig. 1384.—(idematopoda clerodendronella, 8. 2.
(From Walsingham, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, pls. iv. & vi.)
Larva dirty brown; the head reddish brown; the first somite
black. Feeds on Clerodendron, drawing together the tops with a
web.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 13-14 millim.
Genus ERETMOCERA.
Eretmocera, Zell. Vet. Ak. Handi. 1852, p. 96 (1854).
Staintonia, Stgr. Stettin. ent. Zeit. xx, p. 250 (1859).
Exodomorpha, Wk. Cat. xxix, p. 833 (1864).
Castorura, Meyr. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. ser. 2,1, p. 1047 (1887).
Type, H. fuscipennis, Zell., from S. Africa.
Range. Africa; India; Australia.
Antenne as in Gidematopoda; the third joint of palpi not quite
so long. The upper angle of cell of both wings produced; fore
wing with vein 1 6 not forked, 6 absent ; hind wing with vein 16
not forked. Legs without tufts of scales.
400. Eretmocera impactella, Wk. Cat. xxix, p. 637; Wism. Trans.
Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 34, pl. vi, fig. 18; C. & S. no. 4939.
Head and thorax cupreous; collar, tegule, metathorax, and
abdomen yellow, the latter with the second, third, and terminal
Fig. 135.—Eretmocera impactella, 8. 2.
(From Walsingham, Trans. Ent. Soe. 1889, pls. v. & vi.)
segments cupreous. Fore wing cupreous, with four yellow spots.
Hind wing paler.
Hab. N.E. India. Exp. 15 millim.
SYNTOMID&. 209
Family SYNTOMID.
Small or medium-sized moths of semi-diurnal habit; the palpi
small and porrect. Antenne simple, ciliated, or peetinated, with
Fig. 136.—Larva of Huchromia polymena. 1.
(From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. 1, pl. 94, fig. 6a.)
short dilated branches; spurs on tibizw always short or wanting.
Fore wing with vein 1 6 forked at the base, 1 ¢ absent. Hind wing
with vein 8 obsolete, its position indicated by a slight fold.
Larva: short and cylindrical, with thick, close, or sparse tufts of
hair.
Cocoon silken and closely woven.
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with vein 6 wanting ; vein 2 present.
a’. Hind wing with vein 5 absent.
a. Abdomen with the distal segments not
dilated and hairy; fore wing with vein
7 present.
a*®, Fore wing with vein 3 from before end
of cell; 4 and 5 not stalked. Ip. 209.
a‘, Hind wing with vein 3 wanting .. 1. SynromorDEs,
b+. Hind wing with vein 3 present.
a’. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs. 2. Synromis, p. 212.
6°, Hind tibia with one pair of spurs;
fore wing broader and more
THOTT. 6 Exo poole odo doo BIE Siels 3. CALLITOMIS, p. 224.
6°. Fore wing with vein 3 from end of cell ;
Avandyorstalkednyens strstr tiara 4, TRICHETA, p. 225.
b?. Abdomen with the distal segments dilated
and hairy ; fore wing with vein 7 absent. 5. PsicHorod, p. 225.
b’. Hind wing with vein 5 present .......... 6. Nacuia, p. 226.
6. Hind wing with vein 6 present, vein 2 absent . 7. EucHRom1A, p. 226.
Genus SYNTOMOIDES, nov.
Type, S. imaon, Cram.
Range. Throughout. India, Ceylon, and Burma to Malacca and
Sumatra.
VOL, I, a
210 SYNTOMID#.
Mid tibiz with one pair of minute spurs, hind tibie with two
pairs. Fore wing with vein 3 from before end of cell, 4 and 5
from the end. Hind wing with vein 3 absent.
Secor. I. Antenne almost simple in both sexes.
A. Abdomen with two bands.
401. Syntomoides imaon, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, p. 94, pl. 2485; C$ 8.
no. 245.
Syntomis approximata, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 79.
Syntomis fusiformis, Wik. Cat. vil, p. 1595.
Syntomis sargania, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1879, p. 4; C.§ S. no. 259.
Syntomis cupreipennis, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 347;
C.§ S. no. 229.
Syntomis mota, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 184.
Frons and collar yellow ; metathorax with a yellow streak ; ab-
domen with the first yellow band sometimes obsolescent. Fore wing
with the hyaline patches large,
one filling the cell, another nearly
the whole interno-median inter-
space, one at junction of veins 2
and 3, two subapical and two
Be submarginal ; in some specimens
? there is a long streak between
Fig. 137.—Syntomoides imaon, §. }. veins 5 and 6, which is the form
named S. sargania, in others it is
reduced to a spot, and in others entirely wanting. Hind wing
with a subbasal hyaline patch extending hardly, or not at all,
beyond the cell. Tips of antenne and proximal joints of tarsi white.
The spots of the fore wing vary considerably in size.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khasi Hills; and throughout the plains of India,
Ceylon, and Burma; Sumatra. Exp. 34 millim.
402. eos godartii, Boisd. Mon. Zyg. p. 115, pl. 7, fig. 3;
C. & S. no. 241.
Syntomis fytchei, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1871, p. 246; C&S; no, 239)
Sy ntomis artina, But. SOD: Linn. Soc., Gael, xi, p. 347; C.§ 8.
no. 221,
Similar to zmaon, except that the frons is yellowish or dirty
white. Fore wing with the spot between veins 5 and 6 never
present. Hind wing hyaline, with narrow black margins.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khésis ; Nagas; Manipur; Yunnan ; Bengal ;
Ceylon; Coromandel ; Malacca. Exp. 32 millim.
403, Syntomoides hydatina, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 346;
C.§ S. no. 244.
Q. Differs from imaon in the markings of the fore wing being
SYNTOMOIDES. 211
reduced to two widely-separated spots in the interno-median inter-
space, a small subapical and two small submarginal spots.
The last two may possibly be varieties of imaon.
Hab. Caleutta ; Central India. Zap, 24 millim.
B. Abdomen with five yellow bands.
404, Syntomoides hyalina, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 13; C. § S. no. 243.
@. Frons white; antenne black with white tips; collar and
thorax black ; abdomen with the distal segments steel-blue. Fore
wing hyaline, with the veins black; the margins narrowly black,
widest at apex and centre of inner margin. Hind wing hyaline,
with costa and outer margin broadly black, the latter dentate near
vein 2; inner margin orange. Tarsi black.
Hab. Sikhim ; Naga Hills. exp. 40 millim,
405. Syntomoides volans, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 173, pl. vi,
fig. 6.
2. Differs from hyalina in the frons being grey-brown and the
tips of antennee not white.
Hab. Karen Hills. Exp. 30 millim.
Srcr. IJ. Antenne bipectinated in male, the branches short
and dilated distally, serrated in female.
A. Abdomen with two yellow bands in male, one in female.
406. Syntomoides incipiens, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 68; C. § S.no. 266.
g. Black; the frons, collar, and tegule yellow. Fore wing
with a subbasal, two medial, one subapical, and two submarginal
hyaline spots. Hind wing with a subbasal joined toa submarginal
spot. Tarsi black.
2 with the end of abdomen dilated and with a tuft of ochreous
hairs.
Hab. 8. India and Kanthalla, Ceylon. Exp. 17 millim.
B. Abdomen with one basal yellow band in both sexes.
407. Syntomoides brachypecten, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157,
fig. 23.
3. Differs from incipiens in having the collar and tegule black.
Hab. Anuradhapura, Ceylon. vp, 14 millim.
P2
212 SYNTOMID#.
C. Each segment of abdomen fringed with yellow.
408. Syntomoides microchilus, n. sp.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; collar, tegule, and meta-
thorax yellow; each segment of abdomen fringed with yellow.
Frons yellow; legs brown; antenne white at tips. Fore wing
hyaline ; a narrow, discocellular, brown band; margins narrowly
brown ; the outer marginal band widest from apex to vein 5 and
between veins 2 and 3. Hind wing hyaline, with narrow brown
margins.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley (Doherty). Ewp. 20 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.
Genus SYNTOMIS.
Syntomis, Ochs. Eur. Schmeit. 11. p. 103 (1808).
Hydrusa, Wik. Cat. i. p. 255 (1854).
Eressa, Wik. Cat. i. p. 149 (1854).
Trianeura, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 353 (1876).
Type, S. phegea, Cram., from Europe.
Range. Europe; the whole of Africa and Asia; Borneo;
Sumatra; Java; Australia.
Differs from Syntomoides in having vein 3 of the hind wing
present.
Larva thickly covered with hair; the cocoon hairy.
Secr. I. Antenne almost simple in both sexes.
A. With one yellow band to abdomen on sixth segment.
409. Syntomis unifascia, n. sp.
@. Frons white. Black shot with blue. Wings with the spots
small. Fore wing with one subbasal, two medial, one subapical,
and two submarginal hyaline spots. Hind wing with one subapical
spot; tarsi black.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim. Type in B. M.
B. Abdomen with two yellow bands.
1. The frons yellow.
410. Syntomis atkinsoni, Moore, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 245, pl. 18, fig. 2;
C. & S. no. 228,
Collar black; a yellow patch on metathorax. Fore wing with
one subbasal, two medial, two subapical, and two submarginal
hyaline spots. Hind wing with a large basal hyaline spot; the
inner margin yellow. Tips of antenne and first tarsal jomts white.
Hab. Sikhim ; Cachar; Yunuan; Burma; Tenasserim. Exp. 30
millim.
SYNTOMIS. 213
411. Syntomis bicincta, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 460, pl. 19,
fig. 8; C. § S. no. 226.
Collar black. Fore wing as in atkinsoni, except in having
but one subapical spot. Hind wing with a subapical spot as well
as subbasal. The spots of both wings are somewhat variable in
size.
Hab. Kulu; Kangra; Sikhim; Khasi Hills. Ewp., 3 30, 9
40 millim.
412. Syntomis cyssea, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, p. 124, pl. 8553; C.§ 8.
no. 230.
Syntomis scheenerrhi, Boisd. Mon. Zyg. p. 112, pl. 7, fig. 1.
Collar yellow. The spots of both wings
—S usually smaller than in bicincta, and
: BAS often caierah and with an extra spot
between the two medial ones of fore
is wing. In some specimens there is a
Fig. 138. small patch of white cilia near the apex
Syntomis cyssea, 3. + of fore wing.
Hab. Himalayas, from Kangra to Sikhim ; Continental India
and Ceylon. Lap. 2 32 millim.
413. Syntomis minor, Warren, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 294; C.§ S. no. 252 a.
3. Wings with the hyaline spots very small. Fore wing with
one subbasal, two medial, one subapical, and two submarginal
spots. Hind wing with subbasal and subapical spots.
Hab. Punjab, Exp. 20 millim.
414. Syntomis insueta, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 41.
2. Wings shot with copper. Fore wing with only two hyaline
spots, one in the cell, one in interno-median interspace. Hind
wing with a subbasal spot.
Hab. Barrackpore. Hap. 32 millim.
2. The frons black.
415. Syntomis georgina, Buti. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 845;
C. & S. no. 240.
Syntomis cysseoides, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 346;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 35, pl. 95, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 231.
Similar to cyssea except for the black frons. The spots vary
considerably in size.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Continental India and Ceylon. vp.
22-32 millim.
914 SYNTOMID&.
416. Syntomis albapex, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, fig. 1.
3g. Fore wing with only two hyaline spots, one in interno-
median interspace, one between veins 3 and 4; cilia conspicuously
white below the apex. Hind wing with the two hyaline spots
small,
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.
417. Syntomis gelatina, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 48, pl. 189, fig. 1.
@. Fore wing with a hyaline patch filling the cell, another the
interno-median interspace; two large subapical, and three sub-
marginal spots. Hind wing hyaline, with black margins ; a black
streak running up vein 2.
This species has the greater part of the wings yellowish hyaline,
the veins black.
Hab. Nilgiris, 6000 feet. Exp. 26 millim.
C. Abdomen with two yellow bands and lateral spots on the inter-
mediate segments,
418. Syntomis extensa, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1863; C. & S. no. 237 ;
Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, pl. 145, fig. 14.
Frons and collar brown. Wings brown; the fore wing much
elongated with an oblique series of hyaline spots, one subbasal
below median nervure, one filling the end of cell, sometimes with
a small one below it, and two beyond the cell (in the Bombay
specimen only one). Hind wing with a subbasal spot. Antenne
tipped with white; tarsi not white.
Hab. Nilgiris, 6000-7000 feet; Bombay ; Matheran; Maha-
bleshwar. wp. 42-50 millim.
419. Syntomis lucina, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 345;
C. & S. no. 250,
Frons yellow. Antenne tipped with white ; first joint of tarsi
white. Only differs from biczncta in the yellow lateral spots to
aodomen; in the Sikhim specimen the lateral pair of spots is
expanded into a complete band on the segment next the second
abdominal band.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nepal. wp. 34 millim.
420. Syntomis khasiana, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 345 ;
C. & S. no. 246.
Differs from lveina in the tegule being yellow; the end of
the abdomen bluish; the hyaline spots of wings not yellowish.
Hab, Khasi Hills. Ewp., ¢ 30, 9 36 millim.
SYNTOMIS. 215
D. Abdomen with four yellow bands ; the second and last three
segments being without bands.
The frons yellow.
421. Syntomis flavifrons, n. sp.
$. Collar and tegule yellow. Wings marked as in bicincta,
but for the lower medial spot of the fore wing being larger and
squarer. Tips of antenne and first joint of tarsi white.
Hab. Momeit, Burma, 2000 feet, June (Doherty). Eup. 34
millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
422. Syntomis quadrifascia, n. sp.
2. Collar and thorax black. Fore wing with the hyaline spots
very large—one filling the whole cell, another almost the whole
iterno-median interspace; one long subapical streak, and two
submarginal ones. Hind wing hyaline, with the veins and margins
black ; a black streak running up vein 2. Tarsi black.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet, May (Doherty). Exp.38
millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
E. Abdomen with six yellow bands ; the last two segments without
bands.
1. The frons white.
423. Syntomis divisa, Wik. Cat. i, p.131; C. § 8. no. 236; Buti.
Lil. Het. i, p. 16, pl. 6, fig. 14.
Syntomis disrupta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 848, pl. 53, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 255.
Frons and gene white ; tegule yellow; yellow lateral spots on
meso- and metathorax. Fore wing with the hyaline patch in the
interno-median interspace broken up into two, sometimes three,
spots; one or two subapical and three marginal spots. Hind wing
with a large subbasal patch and a subapical one traversed by vein 3 :
this patch being sometimes small, sometimes large, and joined to
the subbasal patch. Proximal joints of tarsi white; abdomen
steel-blue.
The hyaline spots vary much in extent: in Sikhim specimens
they are smallest, one having only one subapical spot to the fore
wing ; in examples from Sylhet they are larger; largest in Bur-
mese specimens, this last being the form named S. disrupta,
Moore.
Hab. Sikhim; Khdasis; Sylhet; Burma. vp. 36-40 millim.
424, Syntomis masoni, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 845, pl. 53, fig. 4;
C. & S. no. 251.
Differs from divisa in having the collar yellow; the interno-
216 SYNTOMIDA.
median hyaline patch of fore wing entire; the black border of
hind wing not dentate at vein 2.
Hab. Upper Tenasserim. vp. 50 millim.
425. Syntomis diaphana, Koll. Hiigel's Kaschmir, iv, p. 460, pl. 19,
fio. 7.
Syntomis cenone, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 344; C&S.
no. 256.
Collar, tegule, and metathorax yellow. Fore wing with the
interno-median hyaline patch unbroken ; two subapical streaks,.
one between veins 5 and 6; and three submarginal streaks. Hind
wing with a large hyaline patch crossed by veins 1, 2, and 3; the
margins black.
Hab. Almorah; Mussooree; Kashmir; Sibsigar; Burma. Exp.
48 millim.
426. Syntomis melena, Wik. Cat. i, p. 183; C. § S. no. 252;
Butl. Ill. Het. i, p. 17, pl. 6, fig. 10.
Two yellow streaks on vertex of thorax; the first four abdo-
minal bands white ; otherwise similar to deaphana.
Hab. 2?Simla; Nepal; Sikhim; Khasis; Assam; Shillong;
Burma. Ewp., ¢ 50, 2 58 miflim.
427. Syntomis albifrons, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 845, pl. 53, fic. 6 ;
C. §& S. no. 218.
@. Tegule and streaks on vertex of thorax white; bands on
metathorax and abdomen yellow ; the first four abdominal bands
narrow. Wings shot with purple. Fore wing with the hyaline
patch in interno-median interspace not extending to near outer
margin; only a small spot between veins 2 and 3, and the sub-
apical and submarginal spots smaller than in diaphana and melena.
Hab. Momeit, Burma; Tenasserim. wp. 60 millim.
2. The frons yellow.
428, Syntomis discinota, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.13; C.§ S. no. 234.
3g. Frons pale yellow; collar, tegule, meso- and metathorax
spotted with yellow; abdomen with the bands incomplete on the
vertex ; the black parts shot with green ; wings yellowish hyaline ;
the veins and margins narrowly black; the outer black margin
dentated at vein 2 of both wings. First joint of tarsi white.
In this species veins 5 and 6 of the fore wing are very close
together, as also in sladeni, divisa, and others; but as, in closely
allied species, there is every gradation between the extremes of
separation and approximation, this point is of no use in classifica-
SYNTOMIS. 217
tion ; and in the same way the closeness with which vein 4 of the
hind wing approaches the costa differs in allied forms,
Hab. Khasi Hills; Tenasserim. vp. 40 millim.
429. Syntomis fervida, Wik. Cat. i, p.181; C § S. no, 238; Butl.
Ill. Het. i, p. 18, pl. 6, fig. 16.
@. Frons orange; the yellow markings on thorax and abdomen
larger and brighter, the latter being nearly complete on the
vertex. Wings with the base and inner margin orange; the
hyaline parts darker yellow than in discinota; veins 5 and 6 of
fore wing not so close together, and in some specimens with a
black mark between them at their bases. First joint of tarsi
white.
Hab, Eastern Pegu; Moulmein. Lwp. 36-44 millim.
430. Syntomis newara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 12; C.§ S. no. 254,
2. Bands of abdomen quite complete on vertex. Wings as
in fervida, but not marked with orange at the base and inner
margin. Fore wing with veins 5 and 6 far apart; a black band on
the discocellulars ; the black margin uneven, and running inwards
at veins 2 and 3, and 5 and 6. Hind wing with the black margin
very narrow. Legs almost entirely yellow ; tarsi not white.
Hab. Bhutan; Sikhim. vp. 44 millim.
F. Abdomen with a yellow band on each segment.
1. The tip of abdomen yellow.
a. Frons brown.
*431. Syntomis lepcha, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 12; C.§ S. no. 248.
Collar and four thoracic stripes yellow; abdominal bands
narrow ; tip reddish. Wings yellowish hyaline; veins and cilia
black. Fore wing with an elongated black hexagonal streak at
the end of cell and short apical marginal band dilated and ending
at vein 6. Hind wing with marginal black band decreasing from
apex. Tarsi not white.
Hab. Sikhim. Hep. 25 millim.
b. The frons yellow.
432. Syntomis sladeni, Moore, P. Z.S. 1871, p. 245, pl. 18, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 261.
Collar, tegule, meso- and metathorax yellow. Wings as in
discinota. Tarsi white.
Hab, Yunnan; Bernardmyo, Burma; HE. Pegu. Hvp. 36 millim.
218 SYNTOMID&.
433. Syntomis grotei, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1871, p. 245, pl. 18, fig. 4;
C. & S. no. 242.
3. Similar to sladeni, but fore wing with a black band across
the interno-median hyaline space ; the spot between veins 2 and3
not approaching the outer margin, and no streak between veins
o and 6.
Hab. Yunnan; Upper Tenasserim. wp. 36 millim.
434, Syntomis vitrea, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1594; C. & 8. no. 270.
Syntomis austeni, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 889; C. § S. no. 224.
Q. Differs from sladenit in veins 2 and 3 of fore wing arising
and running close together for their whole Jength, and the inter-
space between 5 and 6 being wholly filled in by black ; the hyaline
parts of both wings yellowish.
S. davidi, Pouj., from Tibet, only differs from this species in
veins 2 and 3 of fore wing not arising close together.
Hab, N.E. Bengal; Sylhet. Exp. 40 millim.
435. Syntomis submarginalis, Wik. Char. undescr. Het. p. 89;
C. § S. no. 262.
Similar to grotei, except that the fore wing has yellow streaks
along the costa and inner margin, and both wings have yellow
marks beyond the submarginal hyaline spots; these yellow marks
are much more extensive in Sikhim specimens than in the Burmese
one.
Hab. Sikhim, 4000 feet; Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet. wp.
36 millim.
436. Syntomis tigrina, Wk. Cat. xxxi. p. 71.
3. Fore wing elongated. Hind wing with the inner margin
expanded into a large lobe. Wings entirely yellow, with the cilia
of both wings and veins of fore wing black. Marks on head,
thorax, and abdomen as in preceding species.
Hab. Burma; Cambodia. wp. 36 millim.
437. Syntomis chlorocera, n. sp.
6. Antenne wholly yellow and thickly scaled above. Fore
wing with no subbasal spot, two large medial spots, one small sub-
apical and a double submarginal spot. Hind wing with the sub-
basal joined to the subapical spot and tinged with yellow. Tibize
and tarsi banded with yellow.
Hab. Naiga Hills. Exp. 20 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
2. Abdomen with the trp black.
a. The frons yellow.
438. Syntomis luteifascia, n. sp.
¢. Collar orange ; orange spots on meso-, meta-, and vertex of
SYNTOMIS, 219
thorax ; abdomen with broad orange bands. The hyaline spots of
both wings large, one filling the cell, one subbasal in the interno-
median interspace, two subapical and four submarginal; the one
between veins 5 and 6 minute and near the outer margin. Hind
wing with some orange on inner margin; the subbasal and sub-
apical hyaline spots connected togther.
Hab. Naga Hills. wp. 32-36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
439. Syntomis berinda, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 845, pl. 53, fig. 8;
C. §& S. no. 225,
d. Collar, tecule, and metathorax spotted with orange ; abdo-
men with narrow orange bands. Fore wing with five hyaline spots
—one subbasal, two medial, one subapical, and a double submarginal
one. Hind wing with a large hyaline yellow-tinged spot occupy-
ing the greater part of the wing.
Hab. Upper Tenasserim. vp. 30 millim.
440. Syntomis huebneri, Boisd. Mon. Zyg. p. 127, pl. 8, fig. 4;
C. §& S. no. 296.
Syntomis marsdeni, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. ii, p. 323.
Syntomis xanthomela, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. iii, p. 184.
Syntomis contermina, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 78.
Collar, tegulee, and metathorax orange ; abdominal orange bands
broad. Fore wing with one subbasal, two medial, one or two sub-
apical, and two submarginal hyaline spots. Hind wing with a
large basal hyaline patch tinged with yellow towards inner margin,
and two minute subapical spots.
Hab. Bombay ; Singapore ; Java; C. York. vp. 22 millim.
441. Syntomis wimberleyi, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 400, pl. 43, fig. 1.
@. Collar, tegule, and metathorax yellow; abdominal yellow
bands rather narrow. Wings marked as in berinda, but yellow
not hyaline.
Hab. Andamans. Ep. 28 millim.
b. The frons dark.
442, Syntomis passalis, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 159; C.§ S. no. 257.
Syntomis creusa, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 94, pl. 248 F; Borsd.
Mon. Zyg. p. 121, pl. 7, fig. 7.
Syntomis montana, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 849; C.§ S.
no. 253.
Some traces of orange-red on vertex of thorax; bands of abdo-
men orange-red and rather narrow. Wings black, shot with
purple. Fore wing with some orange-red at base and along inner
margin ; the hyaline spots small, one subbasal, two medial, one
subapical, and two submarginal. Hind wing with one small sub-
marginal spot.
920 S¥NTOMID #.
The form montana has all the spots rather larger, the two in
the interno-median interspace of the fore wing being almost joined.
Hab. Assam and throughout Continental India and Ceylon.
Exp. 40 millim.
443. Syntomis formose, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 346.
Syntomis emma, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 350.
Collar yellow ; thorax black; abdominal yellow rings narrow.
Fore wing with one subbasal, two medial, one or two subapical,
and a double submarginal rather small hyaline spot. Hind wing
with the large subbasal joined to the subapical spot.
Hab. China; Formosa; Margarita, Assam; E. Pegu, 2000 feet.
Exp., 6 26, 2 28 millim.
444, Syntomis eressoides, n. sp.
Q. Collar yellow ; thorax black ; abdomen with the yellow bands
rather narrow. Fore wing hyaline, with a black discocellular band :
veins and margins black; outer black margin broad from apex to
vein 5, and dentate at vein 2. Hind wing hyaline, with the veins
and margins black; apex broadly black.
Hab. Momeit, Burma. xp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
c. Lhe frons white.
445. Syntomis cherra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.12; C. & S. no. 228.
$. Brownish black, pro- and metathorax with an orange spot
on each ; abdomen with an orange band on each segment. Fore
wing with a long hyaline streak in the cell; another below it ;
two subapical and two submarginal streaks. Hind wing hyaline,
with the apex and outer margin dark,
Hab. Khasi Hills. Hep. 36 millim.
Sect. II. (Hydrusa). Antenne serrated in male, and
simple in female.
446. Syntomis multigutta, Wk. Cat. i, p.184; C. § S.no. 268; Buti.
Ili. Het. i, pl. 7, fig. 3.
Head, vertex of thorax, and spots on vertex and sides of abdo-
men blue-black in male, black in female; collar, tegule, and
abdomen scarlet. Wings yellow hyaline; the veins and margins
black.
In some specimens the black on apex of fore wing and outer
margin of hind wing is- broad, and every gradation to a narrow,
even, marginal band to both wings is found.
Hab, Nepal; Sikhim; Tibet; Burma. Ewp., g 2, 25-26 millim.
SYNTOMIS. 221
447. Syntomis blanchardi, Powj. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1884, p. exxxvi.
3. Differs from multigutta in the thorax having paired pale
streaks on each side of the vertex; the ground-colour of abdomen
pale, crimson towards the apex below. Wings with the hyaline
parts not yellowish. Fore wing with the outer margin excurved
from veins 2 to 5; a broad black band on the discocellulars ; the
apical black band extending down to vein 4, and sending a tooth
inwards along vein 5. Hind wing with the apical band rather
narrow and extending only to vein 2.
Hab. China; Sikhim, vp. 24 millim.
448. Syntomis nigra, n. sp.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen black; collar and abdominal
segments slightly fringed with yellow; two slight yellow streaks
on metathorax. Fore wing hyaline; the veins and margins nar-
rowly black ; a broad black band on discocellulars ; the interspace
between veins 5 and 6 black; a black marginal patch from the
apex to vein 4. Hind wing hyaline; the veins and margins
narrowly black; a large black apical patch.
Hab. Simla (Harford). Exp. 25 millim. Type in B. M.
449. Syntomis serrata, n. sp.
Antenne with distal part white above; frons, tegule, and
metathorax yellow; abdomen greenish black, with yellow bands on
the first six segments. Wings hyaline, with the veins and
margins black. Veins 3 and 4 of hind wing arise from a point at
lower angle of cell.
This species bears a great resemblance to divisa, the hyaline
patch in the interno-median interspace is unbroken, and a black
streak between veins 5 and 6 present.
Hab. Khitsi Hills (Llwes), Eap.38 milliim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Secr. III. (Hressa). Antenne bipectinate in male, the branches
short and dilated distally ; serrate in female.
A. The bands on abdomen yellow.
450. Syntomis aperiens, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 68; C.§ S. no. 220.
Syntomis lydia, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 134, pl. viii, fig. 7.
Trianeura moorei, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 8354; C. & 8.
no. 271,
Black; abdomen with a basal yellow band; female with an
ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing with the hyaline patches large; a
spot in cell; an elongate patch in interno-median interspace ; one
between veins 2 and 3; two subapical; two submarginal. Hind
wing with a hyaline patch below and beyond the cell crossed by
veins 2 and 3,
229 SYNTOMID &.
In the form lydia the spots of the fore wing are all run together,
and the hind wing is wholly hyaline except for narrow black
margins.
Hab. Nilgiris, 3000 to 7000 feet. Ewp., ¢ 24, 2 28 millim.
451. Syntomis ochreipuncta, n. sp.
3. Dark brown; head and tegule yellow ; abdomen with two
yellow bands and lateral yellow spots on the intermediate seg-
ments. Fore wing with one subbasal, two medial, one small
subapical, and two small submarginal ochreous spots. Hind wing
with a large ochreous patch on the disk. First joimt of tarsi
yellow.
Hab. Ganjam. Exp. 18 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
452. Syntomis baiza, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc.1891,p. 473, pl. 19, fig. 10.
Syntomis actea, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 474, pl. 19, fig. 7.
3g. Frons, collar, tegule, a spot on vertex of thorax and
metathorax yellow; abdomen with seven yellow bands, the last
segment blue-black ; antenne white at tips. Fore wing hyaline ;
the veins, margins, a broad discocellular band running inwards
between veins 5 and 6, black; the black margin expanded between
veins 2 and 3 and a black streak along vein 3. Hind wing
hyaline,. yellow on inner margin ; veins narrowly black, costa and
outer margin broadly so.
2 with a large yellow patch on last segment of abdomen.
In the form actea nearly the whole interspace between veins 5
and 6 of the fore wing is black, the distance between these veins
being variable.
Hab. Khasi Hills. Ewp., ¢ 34, 9 40 millim.
453. Syntomis era, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 473, pl. 19, fig. 15.
@. Differs from batea in having two yellow streaks on vertex
of thorax ; no yellow patch on last segment of abdomen ; the mar-
gins narrowly black, the outer margin rather broadly and irregu-
larly so; the veins yellow, some yellow within the black margins; a
black lunule on discocellulars. Hind wing with the veins and
margins yellow; the outer margin black, decreasing in width from
apex to anal angle.
Hab. Khasi Hills. vp. 50 millim.
454. Syntomis musa, Swink. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 290, pl. 20, fig. 1; C.§ S.
no. 274.
Eressa politula, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon., ined.
Dull black; a large yellow spot on prothorax and streak on
metathorax ; abdomen with yellow spots on vertex and sides of
SYNTOMIS. OB)
each segment ; female with an ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing with
a hyaline spot in cell; one in interno-median interspace, and one in
each marginal interspace. Hind wing with a hyaline patch on
disk, divided into four by the veins.
Hab. Kangra; Ndga Hills; Bombay; Nilgiris; Ceylon ; Burma.
Exp., 3 26, 2 34 millim.
455. Syntomis confinis, Wik. Cat. i, p. 149; C. § S. no. 273.
3. Differs from musa in the tip of antenne being white ; in
having no yellow streak on the metathorax, and the hyaline patch
in the interno-median interspace of fore wing extending to near
outer margin.
Hab. Almora; Kulu. wp. 24 millim.
456. Syntomis subaurata, W7k. Cat.i, p. 149; C.§ S. no. 275; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 36, pl. 95, fig. 4.
Differs from musa in being smaller, and in the interno-median
hyaline patch of fore wing extending to near base of wing.
Hab. Ceylon and ? Calcutta. vp. 20 millim.
457. Syntomis affinis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 596, pl. 59, fig. 8;
CNGISs nos. 272:
3S. Ground-colour darker than in preceding three species ;
the spot and streak on thorax bright orange; spots of fore wing
smaller, and in hind wing reduced to a small spot beyond the cell.
Hab. Andamans ; ? Travancore, Calcutta, and Khasi Hills. Exp.
22 millim.
*458. Syntomis aterea, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, p. 240, pl. 400 a;
C. & S. no. 222.
g. Abdomen with two yellow bands. Fore wing with minute
subbasal and subapical, two small medial, and two small submar-
ginal hyaline spots. Hind wing with a small subbasal spot.
This species may not be Indian.
Hab. Coromandel coast. Hxvp. 3 about 20 millim.
B. Abdomen with crimson bands.
459. Syntomis erythrosoma, n. sp.
3. Head and thorax black; collar and tegule pale crimson ;
abdomen greenish black, the basal and fifth segments banded with
crimson, the intervening segments with ventral crimson bands.
Wings hyaline, the veins and margins narrowly black; fore wing
224 SYNTOMID A.
with a black spot on discocellulars, and black marginal patches
between veins 2 and 3, 5 and 6, and at apex.
Hab. Matelei, Burma (Fea). Hap. 22 millim. Type in Mus.
Genova.
460. Syntomis pectoralis, W7k. Cat. i, p. 183; C. § S. no. 258.
Black, with the frons, tegule, and tip of antenne white ; first
three segments of abdomen crimson. Fore wing with a milky
hyaline patch filling the greater part of the subbasal and medial
areas; two subapical and two submarginal spots. Hind wing
hyaline, with narrow black margins.
Hab. Moulmein; E. Pegu; Cambodia. xp. 26 millim.
461. Syntomis thoracica, Moore, A.M. N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p. 343; id,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 38, pl. 95, fig. 7; C. & S. no, 304.
Differs from pectoralis in the pectinations of the male antenne
being longer; the frons and tegule black, and only the first two
segments of the abdomen being crimson. Hind wing with the
veins black.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., $ 26, 2 28 millim.
Genus CALLITOMIS.
Callitomis, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool, xii, p. 551 (1876).
Type, C. syntomoides, Butl.
Range. Kashmir; Sikhim ; Naga Hills.
Antenne with minute spines as well as cilia; hind tibize with a
terminal pair of spurs only ; wings much broader than in
Syntomis.
462. Callitomis syntomoides, Buti. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 851;
C. & 8. no. 264,
Fig. 189.— Callitomis syntomoides, 8. 3.
g. Greenish black; abdomen with two orange bands. Fore
wing with an obsolescent subbasal, two medial, one subapical, and
one double submarginal ochreous spot. Hind wing with subbasal
and submarginal spots.
Hab. Sind Valley, Kashmir; Simla. Zp. 34 millim.
CALLITOMIS.—-PSICHOTO#. 225
463. Callitomis leucosoma, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 851;
C. & S. no. 263.
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous; antenne and
legs greenish black. Wings dull and semitransparent brown,
marked as in syntomoides, except that the subbasal spot of hind
wing is larger and ochreous; the spots of fore wing smaller and
ochreous.
Hab, Kashmir. Exp. 30 millim.
464. Callitomis multifasciata, n. sp.
3. Collar yellow; abdomen with a yellow band on each seg-
ment. Wings as in leucosoma, but duller, with the spots larger.
Hab. Sikhim; Naga Hills. Hvp. 29 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus TRICH ATA.
Tricheta, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 52, med.
Type, 7. teneiformis, W1k.
Range. N.W. Himalayas.
¢. Antenne ciliated; tibie without spurs. Fore wing with
vein 3 from end of cell, 4 and 5 stalked.
465. Tricheta teneiformis, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 1595; C. § S. no. 269.
3. Black; collar, metathorax, and
paired dorso-lateral spots on each seg-
ment of abdomen yellow. Fore wing
with a hyaline spot in the cell; a long
spot in interno-median interspace; a
single subapical and two submarginal
spots. Hind wing with a hyaline patch
below the cell crossed by veins 2 and 3.
Hab. Simla. Hay. 21 millim.
Fig. 140.—Tricheta tenei-
formis, g. }.
Genus PSICHOTOE.
Psichotoé, Bord. Mon. Zyg. p. 129 (1829).
Type, P. duvauceli, Boisd.
Range. Plains of N. India.
Antenne serrated in male. Fore wing broad, the apex rounded ;
venation as in Syntomis. Abdomen with the distal segments dilated
and hairy.
VOL. f. Q
226 SYNTOMID&.
466. Psichotoé duvauceli, Boisd. Mon. Zyg. p. 129, pl. 8, fig. 5; C.§ 8.
no. 265,
Fig. 141.—Psichotoé duvauceli, f. 4.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the last with two orange
bands. Wings uniform fuscous hyaline.
Hab. Karachi, Sind; Calcutta. Zp. 18 millim.
Genus NACLIA.
Naclia, Bowsd. Ind. Meth. p. 60 (1840).
Dysauxes, Hiién. Verz. p. 171 (1818), gen. non descr.
Type, V. ancilla, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; N.W. Himalayas.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne simple. Mid tibia with one
pair, hind tibia with two pairs of spurs. Venation as in Syntomis,
except that vein 5 of the hind wing is present.
467. Naclia punctata, Fadr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 207.
Naclia ancilla (var.), Esp. Schmett. Eur. pl. 85, fig. 3.
Head and thorax brown; collar and abdomen yellow, each seg-
ment of the latter with a black spot on vertex and ventral brown
bands. Fore wing brown ; a white spot
at centre of cell, with a crescent-shaped
spot below it; a postmedial spot below
the costa, with a bifid spot below it on
each side of vein 4. Hind wing yellow,
with brown spots at base and end of
cell; a broad irregular marginal brown
Fig. 142. band.
Naclia punctata, $. 1 Hab. Europe; Kashmir, 8000 feet.
Exp. 28 millim.
Genus EUCHROMIA.
Euchromia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 121 (1818).
Type, &. sperchia, Cram., from Ashanti.
Range. African, Indian, Malayan, and Australian regions.
Antenne bipectinated in both sexes, more heavily in the male.
than the female. Palpi longer than in preceding genera. Mid and
hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Hind wing with
vein 2 absent; veins 6 and 7 from the angle of cell or stalked.
bo
bo
~
EUCHROMIA.
Sect. I. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.
468. Euchromia magna, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 133, pl. viii,
folie
Blue-black; antenne with the distal part white ; abdomen with
two yellow bands. Fore wing with a small subbasal, two large
medial, one subapical, and two submarginal hyaline spots. Hind
wing with a large basal hyaline patch crossed by the subcostal
and median veins and a submarginal spot crossed by veins 4 and 6.
Hab. N. Canara; Trincomali, Ceylon. wp. 44 millim.
Scr. II. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from angle
of cell.
469. Euchromia polymena, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, pt. 2, p. 806; C. & 8S.
no. 287 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 94, figs. 6, 6a (larva).
Black ; head with blue spot on the vertex; the frons white ;
tegule with a white spot; collar and Ist, 4th, and 5th abdominal
segments crimson, the 2nd, 3rd, and 6th edged with metallic blue.
Fig. 143.—Kuchromia polymena, S. 3. °
Fore wing with a basal metallic blue spot and two at end of cell;
large orange subbasal, bifid medial, and quadrifid postmedial
orange spots. Hind wing with trifid basal and quadrifid post-
medial orange spots. Coxe of fore legs and three spots on pectus
white.
Larva reddish, with red tubercles ; long anterior and posterior
tufts of hair and shorter dense medial dorsal tufts: feeds on Con-
voluulacee. Pupa in a hairy cocoon.
Hab. Plains of India; Nagas; Malabar; Ceylon; Andamans ;
China; Penang; Ternate; Celebes. Ewp., 3d 44, 9 52 millim.
470. Euchromia orientalis, Buti. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii. p. 364;
C. & S. no. 286.
Euchromia fraterna, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 3€4;
C. & S. no. 283 a.
Similar to polymena, but with the 6th abdominal segment also
crimson, in the form named fraterna only edged with crimson.
A variety occurs which has the red collar and abdominal rings
Q 2
928 ZYGENID #&.
turned to orange or yellow; the two yellow spots below the cell of
the fore wing may be conjoined or separate.
Hab. Burma. Exp. 44-50 millim.
471. Euchromia laura, Butl. Jowrn. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 864;
C. & S. no. 285.
3. Differs from orientalis in having the tegule blue and no
subbasal orange spot to fore wing.
The locality is doubtful, and it may not be Indian.
Hab. KE. India? Exp. 50 millim.
*472, Euchromia amena, Moschl. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 350;
C. & S. no. 281.
2. The 1st abdominal segment white, the 4th and 5th golden
yellow. Fore wing with the subbasal yellow spot in interno-median
interspace joined to the medial spot.
Nearest to the Javan horsfield:, Moore, and possibly not Indian.
Hab. ? Sylhet. Ewp. 44 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian are onutted.
Syntomis cerbera, Linn., C. & 8. no. 227, is S. African.
Syntomis latrellvi, Boisd., C. & S. no. 247, is from Java and
Amboina.
Syntomis Libera, W1k., C. & S. no. 249, is from Malacca.
Syntomis ochsenheimeri, Boisd., C. & S. no. 255, is from the
Congo.
Syntomis siannca, W1k., C. & S. no. 260, is from Siam.
Syntomis diptera, Fabr., C. & S. no. 233—Fore wing with five
hyaline spots, hind wing with a yellow spot. Hab. KE. India
—is too vague for identification.
Euchromia creusa, Linn. = thelebas, Cram., C. & S. nos. 283,
290, is from Celebes, Ceram, Gilolo, Australia.
Euchromia rhebus, Cram., C. & 8. no. 288, is African.
Euchromia siamensis, Butl., C. & 8. no. 289, is not Indian.
Family ZYGASNIDZE.
Closely allied to the Syntomide, but distinguished by vein 1 ¢
of the fore wing being present, except in Anomeotes; vein 8 of
the hind wing present and connected with 7 by a bar ; veinlets
in the cell of both wings generally present. Frenulum present,
except in Himantopterus.
Larva short and cylindrical or fusiform.
Pupa in a silken cocoon.
ZYGENIN B. 229
Key to the Subfamiles.
a. Mouth-parts present.
a’. Antenne not flabellate at tip ............ 1. Zygenine.
b'. Antenne highly or somewhat flabellate at tip. 2. Chalcosvinw.
6. Mouth=partshwantinger: eins. vee nee 3. Phaudine.
Subfamily ZYGAANIN A.
Small or medium-sized moths, of semidiurnal habit and rather
elongate narrow wings. Antenne simple, ciliated, or pectinated,
Fig. 144.—Larva of Zygena filipendule. }.
with short branches. Palpi short and porrect. Legs with the
spurs almost always minute or wanting.
Larva short and cylindrical.
Pupa in a close-woven silken cocoon.
Key to the Genera.
a. Antennee dilated distally. Fore wing with
veins 9, 10, 11 stalked together.......... 1. Zyemna, p. 230.
6. Antenne not dilated distally.
a’. Fore wing with all the veins from the cell.
a>, Hind wing with vein 6 absent.
a®, Wings short and broad.
a‘, Hind wing with all the veins from
the cell.
a. Hind tibiee with one pair of
spurs; antennee of male with [p. 231.
fewalbranches a qamct reer 2. DENDROCERA,
b°. Hind tibize with two pairs of
spurs; antennee of male with [p. 232.
many, branchesiy..j- 0. «sc. oak: 3. CHRYSARTONA,
b*, Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 p: 253.
Stallkedly $6. ¢2A 58) ola <eivarva scenes 4, BRACHARTONA,
4?. Wings long and narrow.
a‘, Hind wing with vein 5 remote
from 7.
a, Fore wing very narrow; an-
tennz of male pectinated.
ay balpi long, sii... enna 6. ArTona, p. 234.
6°) Palpi very short....... a. nau sen 7. TASEMA, p. 236.
&. Fore wing broader; antenne of
NEES Oe soosodaqkaopodsoo 18. AROCERA, p. 244.
6*. Hind wing with vein 5 arising
CHOSE ALON (ley revels ene'eyrisiale Le) eon 19. ARAcHOoTIA, p. 245.
ce. Fore wing produced at apex and
broadhsenr: spckarss.Wsin ost canola 13. PHacusa, p. 240,
230
ZYGENIDA,
6°. Hind wing with vein 6 present.
a, Abdomen not tufted at end.
a‘, Hind wing long and narrow weal
bt. Hind wing broad and rounded.... 12
6°. Abdomen tufted atend .......... 8.
b'". Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 stalked.
Hind wings with veins 6 and 7 stalked ;
2, 3, 4 from lower angle of cell; 5
Gok, p. 242.
CLELEFA, p. 239.
LopHosoma, p. 237,
from upper angle; palpi upturned; legs [p. 233
WHEREIN igo pageoonoanioes 40000 5. CALLARTONA,
c'. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked. [p. 238.
az. No veinletsiimuthe celle mace. cma: 9. MonoscHALIs,
62. Veinlets in the cell of both wings .... 17, PLatyzyG=Na,
d’. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked. [p. 243.
a>, Hind wing with all the veins from the
6) Pils Gin a rnp Es aie conc eee a 10. THYRASSIA, p. 238.
6°. Hind wing with vein 2 from angle of
cellisveinsis, 4, orstalkedi) was...
e’. Fore wing with veins 5, 6, 7 stalked to-
gether. Hind wing with veins 2 and 5
absent
jf’. Fore wing with veins 9 and 10 stalled ..
11. Procorks, p. 259.
[p. 242.
15. EPHEMEROIDEA,
16. Prarosoma, p. 248.
elle he)'okereueworiefiejielic -lisiletieeuel elselalfe)eieliey eneue
Genus ZYGAINA.
Zygena, Fabr, Syst. Ent. p. 550 (1775).
Type, Z. filipendule, Linn., from Europe.
Range. The whole Palearctic region, including Afghanistan, the
Himalayas, and Japan; S. Africa.
Antenne simple and dilated distally into a club, the tip pointed.
Fore wing with veins 9, 10, 11 stalked. Hind wing with all the
veins from the cell. Legs with no spurs.
A. Fore wing with yellow spots.
473. Zygena cashmirensis, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 459, pl. 19,
fig. 6; C.§S. no. 213.
Zygena asoka, Moore, P. Z, S. 1879, p. 889; C. § S. no. 212.
Fore wing black shot with green, with five yellow spots. Hind
wing crimson, with some black on the costa near the base and a
Fig. 145.—Zygena cashmirensis, 8. }.
black medial band which may be broken at middle; margin black,
narrow at middle. A pair of yellow lateral spots on the collar.
ZYGENA.—DENDROCERA. 231
Male with three, female with two crimson rings on the terminal
segments of abdomen.
In the var. asoka the spots on fore wing are smaller. Hind
wing with black the predominant colour, the crimson being reduced
to patches. Males from Nepal in the British Museum are exactly
intermediate between the two forms.
Hab. Kashmir; Kangra; Punjab; Nepal. Zwp., ¢ 20, 2 38
millim. :
474. Zygena erythrosoma, n. sp.
@. Differs from typical cashmirensis in being without the
yellow spots on the collar, and in having the whole of the terminal
segments of the abdomen crimson.
Hab. Almora. Exp. 36 millim. Type in B. M.
B. Fore wing with red spots.
475. Zygena afghana, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 286, pl. viia, fiz. 1;
CSS enoe Qi
2. Fore wing with the spots red, with narrow white edges and
very large, the basal spot occupying the whole base of wing; the
interno-median spot joined to the subcostal one. Hind wing red,
with narrow black border. Collar and abdomen, except basal seg-
ments, red.
Hab. Afghanistan; Quetta. Lxp. 28 millim.
Genus DENDROCERA.
Dendrocera, Hmpsn. Ill, Het. ix, ined.
Type, D. quadripunctata, Himpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
Antenne bipectinated in male, simple in female, the branches in
the former sex widely separated, the secondary branches standing
out from them in the same plane. Palpi porrect and of moderate
length. Mid and hind tibie with one pair of spurs. Wings short
and bread. Hind wing with the upper portion of cells shorter than
the lower ; vein 6 absent.
476. Dendrocera quadripunctata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157,
fig. 2.
0),
NS?
i)
Wy
2
i
1 em
wee fe
{
Fig. 146.—Dendrocera quadripunctata, S. 3.
232 ZYG NIDA.
Purplish fuscous. Fore wing with two antemedial and two
postmedial ochreous spots.
Hab. Ceylon, Exp. 14 millim.
Genus CHRYSARTONA.
Chrysartona, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 56, ined.
Type, C. stipata, Wk.
Range. Himalayas and Burma.
Antenne bipectinated in male, simple in female. Palpi short
and porrect. Mid tibiz with one pair of minute spurs, hind tibie
with two pairs. Wings short and broad; all the veins from the
cell; hind wing with vein 6 absent.
In Procris, to which stipata has been referred, ven 6 of the
hind wing is present.
477. Chrysartona stipata, Wik. Cat.i, p. 114; Butl. Ill. Het. i, p. 13,
Pla tig OCS, non 214:
Head, thorax, legs, the base of costa of fore wings above, and of
both wings below metallic coppery green or blue. Wings black :
fore wing with two antemedial and two postmedial white spots:
Zs
——,
WS
ay S Ww
Fig. 147.—Chrysartona stipata, S. }
Te
hind wing with a single or double antemedial and one post-
medial spot; cilia white at apex of both wings and anal angle of
hind wing. Abdomen black, banded with white below.
Hab, Kangra; Sikhim ; Bernardmyo, Burma. Ewp.,g 18,2 20
millim.
478. Chrysartona refulgens, n. sp.
9. Head, thorax, and abdomen suffused with metallic copper ;
underside of thorax metallic copper and green; abdomen with
whitish bands. Wings black; fore wing with a coppery spot at
base; two large yellow antemedial spots and two postmedial ;
hind wing with a yellow patch on inner area from base to near
anal angle and a large spot beyond the cell.
Hab. Matelei, Burma (Fea). Ewp. 26 millim. Type in Mus.
Genova.
BRACHARTONA.—CALLARTONA, 233
Genus BRACHARTONA.
Brachartona, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 44 (1891),
Type, B. quadrimaculata, Moore.
Range. N.W. Himalayas ; Tenasserim.
Antenne bipectinated in the male, ciliated in the female. Fore
wing with veins 8and 9 from cell, Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
stalked; 6 absent.
Sxcr. I. Male with antenne long, the branches slender.
479. Brachartona quadrimaculata, Moore, P. Z. 8, 1879, p. 390;
C. & S. no, 298.
Dull purplish black. Fore wing with a
. large ochreous spot beyond the cell. Hind
wing with an ochreous streak beyond the
Ae SA cell, curving up to the costa beyond it.
Ws Hab. Mussooree; Kangra; Dharmsala.
Fig. 148.—Brachartona Exp. 18 millim.
quadrimaculata,$. 4.
Sect. II. Male with short antenne, the branches stout and
decreasing to apex.
480. Brachartona catoxantha, n, sp.
3g. Upperside uniform dark brown; frons and palpi yellow,
the former with a black spot at middle; underside of the thorax,
abdomen, and the legs yellow. Fore wing brown below, with
yellow patches on the costa at base and apex; hind wing brown ;
the costal area yellow, the veins on it black.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley (Doherty), Exp. 16 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.
Genus CALLARTONA, noy.
Type, C. purpurascens, Hmpsn.
Range. Nilgiris.
Palpi upturned, reaching the top of head. Fore wing with veins
7 and 8 stalked. Hind wing with veins 2, 3, and 4 from close to
the lower end of cell, 5 from near upper end, 6 and 7 stalked.
Tibize of mid and hind legs with the spurs long.
481. Callartona purpurascens, Himpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 44, pl. 189,
fig. 4.
2. Black, witha brilliant purple shot ; head and tegule yellow.
‘234 : ZYG ENIDA.
Fore wing with two large yellow triangular spots on the costa.
Hind wing with a yellow streak below the cell, curving up to the
costa beyond it. Legs yellow.
Hab. Nilgiris, W. slopes, 3000 feet. Hap. 2 22 milli.
Fig. 149.—Cailartona purpurascens, 2. 4.
Genus ARTONA.
Artona, Wik. Cat. ui, p. 489 (1854).
Balateea, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 110 (1864).
Bintha, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 127 (1864).
Rhaphidognatha, Feld. Wien. Ent. Mon. vi, p. 31 (1862).
Type, A. discivitta, W1k.
Range. Amur; China; Japan; Himalayas; South Indian Hills ;
Naga Hills; Burma; Perak; Java; Amboina.
Antenne bipectinated in male, minutely ciliated in female, the
distal portion slighter. Palpi long and porrect. Fore wing very
narrow, with all the veins from the cell. Hind wing with vein 5
from middle of discocellulars, vein 6 absent. Mid and hind tibiz
with a terminal pair of minute spurs.
A. Abdomen with no yellow.
482. Artona postvitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 18; C. § S. no. 297.
Dark brown ; hind wing with a broad medial white fascia ; cilia
whitish; tarsal joints white.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp. 20 millim.
483. Artona postalba, Elwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 879, pl. xxxii, fig. 16.
¢. Brown. Fore wing with a slight yellow streak from the
base; two medial and two postmedial yellow spots; cilia pale
yellow. Hind wing with the disk white ; cilia blackish.
Hab, Sikhim, 12,000 feet. Hap. 18 millim.
B. Abdomen of male black, with yellow segmental bands ;
female yellow above.
484, Artona discivitta, Wik. Cat. ii. p. 440; C. & S. no. 293; Buti.
Ill. Het. v, pl. 84, fig. 8.
¢. Dark purplish brown; head at sides and tegule yellow.
Fore wing with a yellow streak from base to end of cell; a spot
ARTONA. DBS
beyond and rather above the cell. Hind wing with a yellow streak
below the cell and a spot beyond it. Ciha dark.
Hab, Almora; Nilgiris; Shevaroys. Hp. 20 millim.
485. Artona zebraica, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 3856; id.
Il. Het. v, pl. 84, fig. 9; C. & S. no. 299.
Artona fulvida, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 856; C. & 8.
no. 295.
Artona nigrescens, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 356 ; C. § S.
no. 300.
3g. Fore wing with a subcostal as well as the medial streak from
the base, and both interrupted at middle; a spot below the end of
the cell, and two postmedial spots. Hind wing with the whole
basal area yellow, except a costal dark streak; outer margin dark.
Fig. 150.—Artona zebraica, g. }.
9. The abdomen yellow above, with a narrow black line on the
first two segments; the eighth segment with the sides black, and
sometimes also the vertex.
Some males have the abdomen coloured as in the females. In
Mandi, Moulmein, and Kangra specimens the cilia are dark, in
those from the Naga Hills and Perak the tips are yellow.
Hab, Kulu; Mandi; Kangra; Sikhim; Nagas; Perak. vp.
20-24 millim.
486. Artona zebra, Elwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p.379, pl. xxxii, fig. 11.
¢. Ditters from zebraica in the subcostal and medial streaks of
the fore wing being short and each followed by a large spot; a
subapical elongate spot; no spot below the end of cell. Hind
wing with two yellow streaks from the base. Cilia yellow, brown
at apex of both wings.
Hab. Sikhim, 11,000 feet. wp. 18 millim.
487, Artona sikkimensis, Elwes, P. Z.S. 1890, p. 379, pl. xxxii,
fig. 17.
3g. Fore wing with the subcostal yellow streak, the spot below
end of cell, and subapical elongate spot only. Hind wing with one
streak from base. Cilia dull yellow.
Hab. Sikhim, 12,000 feet. Hxp. 21 millim.
936 ZYGENIDA.
488, Artona confusa, Buti. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 357 ; id.
Jil, Het. v, pl. 84, fig. 10; C. & S. no. 292.
3g. The abdomen banded with black. Antenne with the tips
yellow; head black; collar and tegule yellow. Fore wing with
the subcostal and medial basal streaks; the subapical and post-
medial spots single and very large. Hind wing yellow, with broad
black border.
2. The abdomen yellow, with the last two segments black, the
tips yellow.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. Zp. 26 millim.
Genus TASEMA.
Tasema, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1597 (1856).
Type, 7. bipars, W1k.
Range. Kangra; Naga Hills; Calcutta; Burma.
Antenne bipectinated in male, simple in female. Palpi very
short. Fore wing narrow, the outer margin erect; all the veins
from the cell. Hind wing with vein 6 absent.
489. Tasema bipars, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1597; C. § S. no. 216,
~)
Fig. 151.—Tasema bipars, J. }.
3. Black. Hind wing hyaline; the costal area and margins
black.
Hab. Kangra; Nagas. Evp. 16 millim.
490. Tasema longipennis, n. sp.
3. Fore wing longer, with outer margin more oblique than in
bipars. Hind wing more thickly clothed with black hair-like
scales.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
491. Tasema fuliginosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 14; C. & S. no. 294.
Dark brown ; the antenne, palpi, costa, and discocellulars of
fore wing black.
Hab, Calcutta. LExp., ¢ 15, 9 17 millim.
TASEMA.—LOPHOSOMA. 237
492. Tasema nigra, n. sp.
3S. Differs from fuliginosa in being uniform smoky black, not
brown.
2. The pectinations of antenne shorter than in fuliginosa ; end
of abdomen with a tuft of ochreous hairs.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma (Doherty). Exp., § 15, 917 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus LOPHOSOMA.
Lophosoma, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 59, ined.
Type, Z. cupreum, W1k.
Range. Himalayas; Bengal; Ganjam ; Andamans.
Antenne bipectinate in male, simple in female, the terminal
portion thinner. Palpi short and porrect. Wings narrow; outer
margin of fore wing oblique; hind wing with vein 6 present. Mid
tibia with one pair, hind tibia with two pairs of minute spurs.
Abdomen with lateral tufts of hair on terminal segments.
493. Lophosoma cupreum, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1596; C. § 8. no. 301.
Frons, gene, and a few of the scales on collar and tegule golden
metallic. Antenne, vertex of head,
thorax, and fore wing dark brown,
shot with blue, especially in Sikhim
specimens ; metathorax metallic cop-
per; abdomen purplish, with cop-
pery bands to each segment ; lateral
tufts black, with a purple gloss.
Fig. 152.—Lophosoma Fore wing with basal hyaline streaks
cupreum, 3. . below the costa and median nervure ;
a hyaline spot at end of cell and one
below it. Hind wing hyaline, with the costa and outer margin
black.
Tascia, W1k., type chrysoletus, in which this species has been
placed, is a very distinct African genus.
Hab. Kulu; Sikhim; Andamans. Lwp. 24 millim.
494. Lophosoma quadricolor, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1596; 6. § S.
no. 302.
¢. Head, thorax, and fore wings brown, shot with green.
Hind wing with the costal area fuscous, the rest hyaline. Abdo-
men copper-coloured, the last two segments purplish.
Hab, Bengal; Ganjam. Zp. 20 millim.
238 ZYGENIDA,
Genus MONOSCHALIS.
Monoschalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, A. virescens, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
$. The antenne bipectinated. Palpishort and porrect, Tibiz
with no spurs. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked. Hind
wing with vein 6 present.
495. Monoschalis virescens, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157,
fie elle
3. Black, shot with green: abdo-
men with 4th and 5th segments yellow.
Fore wing with a hyaline spot in end of
cell, a large spot below the end; a bifid
submarginal and small spot near outer
angle.
Fig. 153.—Monoschalis Hab. Colombo, Ceylon. Exp. 22
VITESCENS, Chic t. millim
Genus THYRASSIA.
Thyrassia, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 855 (1876).
Type, 7. subcordata, W1k.
Range. Plains of N. India, S. India, and Ceylon.
Antenne bipectinated in both sexes, more heavily in the male
than the female. Palpi short and porrect. Tuibiz with no spurs.
Fore wings with veins 8, 9, and 10 stalked together. Hind wing
with all the veins from the cell, 8 absent.
496. Thyrassia subcordata, Wik. Cat.i, p. 182; C. § S. no. 280; Buti.
Ill. Het. i, p. 19, pl. vii, tig. 5.
Thyrassia aurodisca, Hmpsn. Ill, Het. viii, p. 44, pl. cxxxix, fig. 10.
Frons, collar, metathorax, and lateral
streaks on each abdominal segment orange.
Fore wing dark brown; a yellowish or
whitish hyaline spot at end of cell, a trifid
spot below it, a bifid or trifid subapical
Fig. 154.— Thyrassia spot. Hind wing with an orange patch
subcordata, S. }. occupying the basal inner area and curving
up to the costa beyond the cell.
T. aurodisca, the southern form, has the orange of hind wing
more extensive and the border narrower.
Hab. Plains of N. India, 8. India, and Ceylon. Zvwp.,.¢ 24,
Q 26 millim.
bo
co
Oo
PROCOTES.—CLELEA.
Genus PROCOTES.
Procotes, Butl. Jow'n. Linn, Soc., Zool. xii, p. 355 (1876),
Type, P. diminuta, Wik. —
Range. Ceylon.
gS. Antenne bipectinated. Palpi short and porrect. Tibize
without spurs. Abdomen with short lateral tufts of hair on the
last segment. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5, and 8,9, 10 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 stalked.
497. Procotes diminuta, Wk. Cat. i, p. 230; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
p- 97, pl. 95, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 217.
6. Black, shot with blue-green.
Fore wing with a hyaline spot in the
end of cell, a long streak below it,
and one beyond it. Hind wing with
the area below and beyond the cell
hyaline.
Fig. 155.—Procotes Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. wp. 28
diminuta, Sd. 4. millim.
Genus CLELEA.
Clelea, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 465 (1854).
Type, C. sapphirina, W1k.
Range. China; Formosa ; Sikhim; Khdst and Naga Hills ;
Burma.
Antenne bipectinate in male, nearly simple in female. Palpi of
moderate length and porrect. Fore wing with all the veins from
the cell. Hind wing broad, with all the veins from the cell.
498, Clelea sapphirina, Wk. Cat. ii, p. 465.
$. Black: the shaft of antenne, head, and legs above metallic
blue. Fore wing with short metallic
ie blue streaks from the base along the
LE = costa and inner margin; a transverse
s antemedial band broken at middle; a
subapical almost complete ring with a
submarginal spot below it ; a marginal
line. Hind wing with a metallic blue
Fig. 156.—Clelea sap- streak sometimes present near inner
phirina, 3. +. margin. Underside of fore wing with
some blue marginal streaks at apex;
hind wing streaked with blue throughout. Cilia whitish.
2. The frons, collar, and tegule blue, a streak on vertex of
thorax, and at sides of meso- and metathorax; shaft of antenne
more vivid blue.
Abdomen in both sexes sometimes entirely brown, sometimes
240 ZYGENID A.
with blue segmental lines, sometimes with the terminal segments
entirely metallic blue above.
Hab. Sikhim; Momeit, Burma, 2000 feet; China. Evp., ¢ 24,
© 30 millim.
499. Clelea discriminis, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 475
Differs from sapphirina in the streaks from the base of the fore
wing being green, and the lower one being along the median ner-
vure; the subapical markings more parallel ; the marginal line
and blue on hind wing absent. Underside w: ith a streak on median
nervure of fore wing and several streaks on the hind wing.
Hab. Sikhim ; Naga Hills, 3000 feet. Exp. 27 millim.
500. Clelea nigroviridis, Ehves, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 380.
3. Differs from sapphirina in the markings being metallic
ereen not blue, and those of the fore wing being all joined together
so as to form reticulations ; the underside of fore wing almost
without markings.
Differs from chala, Moore, from Formosa, in having no metallic
colour on the end of abdomen and the markings being green not
blue.
Hab. Nigas; Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet. Exp. 27 millim.
501. Clelea plumbeola, n. sp.
Black ; fore wing with antemedial and broad and somewhat irre-
gular postmedial plambeous bands.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus PHACUSA.
Phacusa, Wik. Cat. i, p. 150 (1854).
Notioptera, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xii, p. 355 (1876).
Type, P. tenebrosa, Wk.
Range. N.W. Himalayas; Assam Hills; Burma; Nicobars ;
Java; Celebes; Philippines.
Antenne bipectinated in both sexes, more heavily in the male
than the female. Palpi short and porrect. Mid and hind tibiz
with minute terminal spurs. Wings broad; hind wing with all
the veins given off from the cell. Vein 12 absent.
Sxcr. I. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked.
502. Phacusa dolosa, WIk. Cat. vii. p. 1594; C. § S. no. 278; But.
Ili, Het. v. p. 27, pl. 84. fig. 11.
g. Blue-black. Fore wing with three small medial white
streaks ; two minute subapical and two larger submarginal spots.
Hind wing with a minute submarginal spot.
Hab. ? Assam. Exp. 30 millim.
PHACUSA. 241
503. Phacusa properta, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 400, pl. xliii, fig. 6.
Shafts of antenne bluish green; collar, metathorax, and 6th and
7th segments of abdomen, and lateral spots on some of the others,
copper-coloured. _ Fore wing with hyaline streaks above and
below costal nervure; a large spot filling the cell; another below
it ; two subapical and two submarginal spots. Hind wing hyaline,
with the veims and margins black.
Hab. Naga Hills; Rangoon; Nicobars. vp. 30 millim.
504. Phacusa tenebrosa, Wk. Cat.i. p. 150; C. § S. no. 803; Buti.
Lil. Het. i. p. 20, pl. 12. fig. 1.
Bronzy black. Head, collar, metathorax, base of fore wing, and
a band on each segment of abdomen, except the last, copper-
coloured. Markings as in properta.
ZZ In some specimens the fore wing
—————T, .
ez SS has a hyaline streak below the costa
—— another on. inner margin and one
Z between vein 5 and 6; in others
these are all absent. Insome speci-
mens the hyaline spots of the hind
Fig. 157.—Phacusa tenebrosa, 3. +. wing are all joined together, in
others reduced in size, and the sub-
basal series separated from the subapical by a black band.
Hab. Momeit, Burma; Almorah. Zp. 33 millim.
Sect. IJ. Fore wing with vein 8 from the cell.
505. Phacusa cyanocera, n. sp.
3. Black. The shaft of antennz blue ; head, collar, and tegule
with a few copper scales; abdomen greenish black; veins and
margins of wings black. Wings hyaline ; fore wing with a copper
spot at base; the inner margin broadly black, with a copper spot
at middle.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma (Doherty). Exp. 32 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
Srcot. III. Fore wing with vein 10 out of 9.
506. Phacusa khasiana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 12; C.§ S. no. 215.
oO
g
hyaline, with the veins and margins black; the inner margins of
fore wing, costa of hind wing, and discocellulars of both wings
broadly so.
Hab, Khasis ; Nagas, 4000 feet. Evp. 36 millim.
VOL. I.
=)
R
242 ZYGENID 2.
Genus GOE, nov.
Type, G. diaphana, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
3g. Antenne bipectinated; palpi short and porrect. Wings
Fig. 158.—Goé diaphana, 3. }.
rather narrow. Fore wing with apex rounded and outer margin
oblique. Hind wing with vein 8 present. Tibiz without spurs.
507. Goé diaphana, n. sp.
3. Black; the wings diaphanous black ; the veins and margins
narrowly black.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 28 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus EPHEMEROIDEA, nov.
Type, #. ariel, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
g. Antenne with the branches rather short. Palpi long.
Fore wing with the cell very narrow at base, expanded at the end ;
veins 5, 6, and 7 stalked together. Hind wing with veins 5 and
6 absent. Legs without spurs.
508. Ephemeroidea ariel, n. sp.
Head, thorax, and abdomen black, with
SS copper and green reflections. Wings
hyaline, the veins and margins narrowly
black; the inner margin of fore wing and
costa of hind wing broadly so.
Fie. 150. — Whemerdiden Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet,
© ee May (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
509. Ephemeroidea flavocincta, n. sp.
Q@. Antenne black; head, collar, and tegule brilliant metallic
green; thorax black above, green below; abdomen with the two
EPHEMEROIDEA.—PLATYZYG ENA. 243
basal and three terminal segments black above, green below, the
third, fourth, and fifth segments bright yellow. Wings hyaline
the veins and margins black ; fore wing with some yellow at base.
Femora and tibiz metallic green ; tarsi white.
Hab. Matelei, Burma (fea). Exp. 28 millim. Type in Mus.
Genova.
Genus PIAROSOMA, nov.
Type, P. albicinctum, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.
g. Thorax and abdomen stout; branches of antenne short.
Fore wing with the apex somewhat truncate and outer margin
Fig. 160.—Piarosoma albicinctum, $. t-
rounded ; vein 2 from lower angle of cell; 9 and 10 stalked. Hind
wing broad, with veins 2 and 3 from a point near angle of cell.
510. Piarosoma albicinctum, n. sp.
3. Blue-black ; collar and first segment of abdomen white ; the
other segments slightly fringed with white. Wings whitish hya-
line; the veins black. Fore wings with the apex and outer and
inner margins, the cell, and streaks along veins 2 and 11, and for
a short way from margin along 5 broadly black. Hind wing
with the black margin dentate at vein 2.
Hab, Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet (Doherty). Euvp. 36 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus PLATYZYGANA.
Platyzygeena, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 59, ined.
Type, P. molleri, Elw.
Range. Sikkim ; Assam.
@. Antenne simple. Palpi very minute. Thorax and abdo-
men stout; wings broad; fore wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked ;
hind wing with all the veins from the cell.
511. Platyzygena molleri, Llv. P. Z S. 1890, p. 3885, pl. xxvii,
fig, 13.
2. Head, thorax, anc abdomen blue-black, the lash with white
B2
244 ZYGENIDA,
segmental bands; proboscis crimson. Fore wing black at base,
followed by a broad white band, with four black spots on it below
the costa, median, interno-median, and sub-median nervures; the
1
Fig. 161.—Platyzygena molleri, Q. t.
one below the interno-median displaced outwards ; the outer half
of wing black, with the veins on it grey; a grey discocellular
band. Hind wing with the basal area white to the middle of
costa and near anal angle; apical area and outer margin black.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam. Exp. 36 millim.
Genus ARHOCERA, nov.
Type, A. eyanescens, Hmpsn.
Range. Japan; China; Sikhim; Burma.
Antenne simple in both sexes. Tibiee without spurs in male ;
female with minute spurs. Fore wing broad, the costa arched and
apex acute. Hind wing with vein 6 absent.
512. Areeocera cyanescens, n. sp.
$. Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Fore wing fuscous,
shot with purple. Hind wing fuscous.
Fig. 162.—Areocera cyanescens, G. 3. .
Hab. Momeit, Burma (Doherty). Exvp. 20 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
513. Areocera posthyalina, n. sp.
Q. Differs from cyanescens in the thorax and abdomen being
shot with purple, and in the hind wing being hyaline, suffused
with black towards the margins.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Hep, 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
ARACHOTIA. 245
Genus ARACHOTIA.
Arachotia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 14 (1879).
Type, A. flaviplaga, Moore.
Range. Sikhim; Naga Hills.
Antenne long, bipectinated in male with the branches short,
simple in the female. Palpi short and porrect. Mid and hind
tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Wings narrow. Hind
wing with vein 5 arising close to 7. -
514. Arachotia fiaviplaga, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 14; C. & S. no. 893.
Metallic blue-green ; antennee broadly banded with white towards
the tips. Frons ochreous; abdomen with ochreous ventral and
lateral bands. Fore wing with an ochreous subbasal band from
median nervure to inner margin ; a large hyaline spot in end of cell
and two below it, and seven streaks between the nervules beyond.
Fig. 163.—Arachotia flaviplaga, 2. 4.
Hind wing with the costa white above; a hyaline patch filling the
lower part of the cell and interspaces below and beyond; the veins,
margins, and inner lobe of wing black. Pectus with ochreous
spots.
Hab. Sikhim; Naga Hills. Evp., ¢ 35, 9 44 millim.
515. Arachotia vespoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 390; C. § 8.
no, 394,
@. Antenne black ; palpi yellow with black tips. rons grey ;
abdomen with yellow bands on the first six segments above, grey
below. Wings hyaline, yellow at base; fore wing with the margins,
the subcostal, median, and discocellular veins black, the marginal
band dentated at vein 2. Hind wing with the costa white, the
marginal band black and dentated at vein 2.
Hab. N. India. Exp. 40 millim.
246 ZYGENIDZ.
Subfamily CHALCOSIIN A.
The antennee bipectinated to the tips in both sexes, more heavily
in the male than the female, the branches dilated distally ; the tip
of antenna somewhat flabellate. Palpi minute and porrect. Fore
Fig. 164.—Larva of Trypanophora taprobanes. 4.
(From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 95, fig. 8 a.)
wing with a veinlet in the cell more or less developed. Mid and
hind tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
Larva short and thick with tubercles, from which arise short
hairs, and forming a close cocoon.
Key to the Genera.
a. Wings not uniformly semi-diaphanous.
a’. Fore wing with the cell long,
a’. Fore wing with no veinlets between
vein 12 and the costa.
a’, Fore wing with the veins nearly
straight.
a’. Wings long and Zygeniform;
hind wing with all the veins
from the cell,
a’. Fore wing with veins 9 and 10
Stalked Meets mteun tac oct iersien: 1, CaLLizyG@na, p. 248,
b°. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and
9 stalked ................ 2. TRYPANOPHORA, p. 249,
6*. Wings long but considerably
broader.
a>. Hind wing with all the veins
from the cell.
a®, Fore wing with vein 7 given
off further from the cell
CH AMtOe errs etry ete aerators 8. HERPA, p. 2
6°. Fore wing with vein 7 given
off nearer the cell than 9.
a’. Fore wing with veins 4
and 5 stalked
a°, Fore wing with vein 11
anastomosing with 12. 9, Pintia, p. 258.
6°, Fore wing with vein
11 not anastomosing
with 12.
or
“I
CHALCOSIIN 2. DANG
@°. Fore wing with vein
6 absent, 7 from
cell, Sand 9 stalked. 3. PHLEBOHECTA, p, 251.
6°. Fore wing with vein
6 present, 7, 8, and
Ostallceds 35227 4, SoniriA, p. 251.
e’, Fore wing with veins
6, 7,8, and 9 stalked
together 0.4. 5.. 10, Herervsta, p. 259.
6’, Fore wing with veins 4
and! from’ cell 2. 2" 5. Prporws, p. 254.
c*. Hind wing broader and more
rounded.
&. Hind wing with veins 4 and
§ net stalked.
a’. Fore wing with vein 11 not
anastomesing with 12.
a". Hind wing with veins 4
and 5 from cell.
a°, Fore wing with veins 4
and 5 on a long stalk ;
3 with large claspers. 11. Mirirris, p. 262.
5°. Fore wing with veins 4
and 5 on ashort or ne
stalk; ¢G with small
Claspersiareer aise ts. 12. CHALCOSIA, p. 264.
&", Hind wing with veins 4
and 5 stalked ........ 13. Corma, p. 268.
&. Fere wing with vein 11
anastomosing with 12.
a’, Fore wing with vein 6
from below angle of cell. 15. PomPpEton, p. 271.
5", Fore wing with vein 6
from angle of cell or
stalked with 7,8, and 9. 14. Cycxosia, p. 269.
d*. Wings very short and broad.
@. Fore wing with vein 11 not
anastemosing with 12...... 6. HETEROPAN, p. 250,
&. Fore wing with vein 11 anas-
tomosing with 12. ........ 7. ARBUDAS, p. 257.
€*. Wings long and very broad; fore
wing with the apex square;
veins 7, 8, and 9 stalked; ¢
with claspers very large...... 16. Amzsta, p. 272,
&. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5
much curved.
a‘. Fore wing with vein 3 not
stalked with 4 and 5.
a’, Fore wing with vein 10 not
stalked with 7, 8, and 9 .... 17. Enasmia, p. 273.
4°, Fore wing with vein 10 stalked
withing.) 8; andi Gy. eyeerae 19. CADPHISEs, p. 275.
6*. Fore wing with vein 3 stalked
with 4 and5; 10 with 7, 8, and
9. Hind wing with veins 4 and
5 stalked, and all these much
EMiyed yi ays2\ai. sali <ais a eee Te 18. CampyLorss, p. 274.
248 ZYGENID &,
6°. Fore wing with veinlets between
vein 12 and the costa.
a. Fore wing not produced at apex ;
veins 6, 7, 8, and 9 stalked to-
gether.
a‘, Fore wing with no bar between
veins 1 6 and e; the stalk of
veins 7, 8,and 9 much curved ;
veins 10 and 11 anastomosing
LUAU PEAS Sevens bana moos Wh Jikuaon joy 271,
b*. Fore wing with a bar between
- veins 16 and e¢; stalk of veins
7,8, and 9 not much curved;
vein 10 not anastomosing with
Die ore) se a Sooeots hastens oeetet nace loyolets 21. CALLAMESIA, p. 277.
b®. Fore wing much produced at apex,
the outer margin very oblique;
veins 7, 8, and 9 stalked.
a‘, Hind wing rounded .......... 22. GYNAUTOCERA, p. 278.
b*. Hind wing with outer margin
extremely producedamci a atu 23. Histia, p. 279.
6’. Fore wing with the cell short; veins 4
and 5 stalked; 6, 7, 8, and 9 stalked ;
hind wing with vein 6 absent ...... 24. CaNnERcEs, p. 281.
The wings uniformly semi-diaphanous ;
fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked,
and 7, 8, 9 stalked.
a’. Fore wing narrow and rounded at
ATION o A¥s ycneaietotoeted ape aetna ova tene ee 25. PHILOPATOR, p. 281.
b’. Fore wing shorter and quadrate ...... 26. AGaLopx, p. 282.
c'. Fore wing Jong and quadrate.
a*, Hind wing not produced into a tail.. 27. CHELURA, p. 285.
b°. Hind wing produced into a tail .... 28. Excysma, p. 284.
b.
Genus CALLIZYGANA.
Callizygeena, Feld. Reis. Nov., Het. Erk. pls. 75-107, p. 2 (1875).
Type, C. nwimacula, Feld.
Range. The Peninsula of India and Ceylon.
Antenne bipectinated in both sexes. Palpi short and porrect.
Fore wing with veins 9 and 10 stalked. Hind wing with vein 6
given off from discocellulars. Abdomen of male with thick lateral
tufts of hair, Shape as in Zygenine.
516. Callizygena nivimacula, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 83, fig. 4; C.§ S.
no. 291.
©. Black; collar, and 2nd, 3rd, and
6th segments of abdomen crimson
above. Wings blackish fuscous; fore
wing with a slight greenish tinge; a
large white spot at end of cell.
Fig. 165.—Callizygena Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. vp. 30
nivimacula, d. 1. ~ millim.
a
CALLIZYG ANA.—TRYPANOPHORA. 249
O17. Callizygena auricincta, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 62.
3. Black; the shaft of antenne, head, prothorax, and tegulie
metallic blue; collar crimson; abdomen with the 3rd, 4th, and
last three segments golden above; the lateral tufts black. Fore
wing irrorated with metallic-blue scales, especially near the base
of costa; a large white spot at end of cell. Hind wing fuscous
byaline.
Hab, Nilgiris. Hap. 26 millim.
518. Callizygena gana, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 133, pl. viii,
go. 12.
¢. Differs from auricincta in the lateral tufts of the abdomen
being crimson.
Hab. Ganjam. Exp. 28 millim.
Genus TRYPANOPHORA.
Trypanophora, Kollar, Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 457 (1848).
Type, 7. semihyalina, Koll.
Range. China; India, Burma, and Ceylon.
Antenne with the pectinations short; very short in female.
Palpi minute and porrect. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and 9
~ stalked, either 7 or 9 being given off furthest from the cell. Hind
wing with vein 6 absent.
519. Trypanophora semihyalina, Koll. Hiigel’s Kasehmir, iv, p. 457,
pl. 19, figs. 1-4; Moore, Lep. L. I. Co. ii, pl. xiv, tig. 6 (iarva)
C. § S. no. 806.
Trypanophora argyrospila, Wik. Cat, xxxi, p. 126.
Syntomis humeralis, Wlk. Cat. vu, p. 1593.
Trypanophora atkinsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 15; C. & 8. no. 305.
Syntomis glaucopoides, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 69; C. & S. no. 279,
>
Blue-black ; antennz sometimes whitish towards the tips.
Frons white in the Hongkong and some N. India specimens,
Fig. 166.—Trypanophora semihyalina, 2. 4.
yellow in the others. Tegule black in one Hongkong specimen,
whitish in another; orange in some Indian and red in others.
250 ZYGENID&.
Orange spots on pro-and metathorax, either or both of which may
be absent. Abdomen: the 5th and 6th segments with orange
bands ; the anterior segments sometimes with orange lateral spots,
which in some specimens form complete rather narrow bands.
Fore wing with one or two subbasal hyaline streaks above the
subcostal and one below the median nervure; in some specimens
the base of wing is yellowish; the outer discal area hyaline, which
varies in extent from filling the outer part of the cell and the inter-
spaces beyond, leaving only the veins and margins black, to shght
hyaline streaks between veins 2, 3, 4, and 10, 11, 12, the spots in
the end of cell and the interspace below being replaced by ochreous.
Hind wing with costal area pale ochreous; a black patch towards
end of cell; all the interspaces below and beyond with hyaline
streaks ; the outer margin irregularly black. In the female the
hyaline patch is sometimes as complete as in the male, sometimes
reduced to three short streaks beyond the cell; the base of the
wing being sometimes ochreous. Pectus with yellow spots.
In typical semihyalina the discal hyaline patches of the fore
wing are large; the frons and tegule orange; the abdomen with
only two bands: in argyrospila the frons is white, the tegule
white or black, the abdomen with the bands on the proximal seg-
ments complete: in hwmeralis the discal patches are much
reduced and sometimes almost absent, the tegule orange, and
abdomen with only two bands; but none of these characters are
locally constant.
Larva reddish brown, the tubercles dark brown ; head and legs
red, the anterior somites yellow at sides and below.
Hab. Hongkong; Kashmir; Kangra; Sikhim; Calcutta ;
io)
E. Pegu. Evp., ¢ 31-36, 2 38-50 millim.
520. Trypanophora flavalis, n. sp.
2. Antenne black, white at three-fourths from base; frons,
collar, tegulee, the vertex of thorax, and broad segmental band to the
abdomen orange. Fore wing orange, the veinsand margins black ;
the outer part of cell and the interspaces beyond hyaline, leaving
a narrow orange band within the black margin. Hind wing orange ;
the outer margin black, expanding into a patch near anal angle ;
veins 2, 3, and 4 streaked with black.
Hab. Matelei, Burma (Fea). Exp. 43 millim. Type in Mus.
Genova.
521. Trypanophora taprobanes, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 485; C. § S. no. 307;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 40, pl. 95, fig. 8 (larva, 8a).
Dark indigo-blue; an orange streak on metathorax; pectus
crimson. Fore wing with a large discal hyaline patch fillmg the
end of the cell and the interspaces above, beyond, and below it,
and crossed by the black veins. Hind wing wholly blue.
Larva purple-brown ; two dorsal and two lateral rows of seti-
TRYPANOPHORA.—SORITIA. 951
ferous tubercles, the lower lateral tubercle of 1st somite long ;
lateral yellow blotches on 10th and 11th somites.
Hab. Ceylon. EHwp., $ 28, 9 44 millim.
Genus PHLEBOHECTA, nov.
Type, P. fuscescens, Moore.
Range. Sikhim; Burma.
Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; vein 6 absent, 8 and 9
stalked. Hind wing with vein 8 present. The wings rather
narrow and apices rounded. Antenne with very minute pectina-
tionsin the female. Mid and hind tibize with a minute terminal
pair of spurs.
522. Phlebohecta fuscescens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.16; C. § S. no. 445;
Elw. P. Z. 8. 1890, p. 386, pl. xxxii, fig. 12.
3. Fuscous; the collar pale red; the disk of hind wing below
the cell paler.
Fig. 167.—Phlebohecta fuscescens, $. +
T°
2 with the inner area of the hind wing below the cell yellowish
white.
Hab. Sikhim, 3000 feet. Exp., 3 29, 2 36 millim.
523. Phlebohecta flavicosta, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 386, pl. xxxii,
15 he
2. Differs from fuscescens in the costal fascia of the fore wing
being bright golden yellow ; the costa, apex, and apical half of the
outer margin of the hind wing golden yellow. A specimen from
Bernardmyo has the margins of the fore and hind wing pale
yellowish white and much narrower than in the typical Sikhim
specimen.
Hab, Sikhim; Burma. vp. 42-50 millim.
Genus SORITIA.
Soritia, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 435 (1854).
Retina, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 438 (1854).
Type, S. leptalina, Koll.
Range. China; the Himalayas; Assam; Burma; Malay Penin-
sula; Borneo.
Palpi minute. Antenne very minutely pectinated in the female.
Day) ZYGENIDA.
Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked, 7, 8, and 9 stalked. Mid
and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
524, Soritia rubrivitta, Wk. Cat. ii, p. 439; C. § S. no. 440; Buti.
Ill. Het. v, p. 25, pl. 84, fig. 4.
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen greenish brown; collar crim-
son. Fore wing dark olive-green, with a broad crimson fascia
from the base along the costa, then curving down to the outer
angle. Hind wing dark brown.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sibsagar; Sylhet. wp. 38 millim.
525. Soritia leptalina, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, p. 461; C. & S. no. 447.
Soritia sexpunctata, W7k. Cat. ii, p. 452; C. § S. no. 449.
Heterusia octopunctata, Mésch. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 344;
C.§ S. no. 579.
Heterusia pulchella, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, p.461; C. & S. no. 380.
Eterusia triliturata, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p.119; C. § S. no. 387.
Beterusia cicada, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 85, fig. 8; C. § S. no. 369.
Heterusia flavomaculata, Moésch. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 3438;
C.§ S. no. 376.
Soritia olivascens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 16; C. & 8. no. 448.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the last sometimes with
a blue shot; collar crimson; tegule yellow. Fore wing dark
brown, with a greenish tinge; a yellow triangular patch occupying
the whole basal area except the margins, this may be reduced to a
narrow streak and four obliquely placed spots or to any inter-
mediate state; a yellow spot beyond the end of the cell. Hind
wing yellow, with the outer margin black, widest at apex; this may
be reduced to spots beyond the cell and the apex alone black, or
the darkness of the wing may be increased by a black suffusion
along the veins and inner margin. The yellow on both wings may
be either very pale or bright and dark.
Fig. 168.—Soritia leptalina, 3.
@. Head and collar crimson; thorax yellow, abdomen white
with metallic blue bands: wings bright yellow, with a blue spot
between veins 2 and 3, and another between veins 3 and 4 of the
fore wing; hind wing with a blue spot between veins 3 and 4, and
sometimes one between 4 and 5, these two forms being named
sexpunctata and octopunctata. In other specimens the ground-
colour is very pale yellow, the veins of the fore wing being bright
yellow, and in others again there is also a bluish suffusion between
SORITIA. 253
the nervules and along the inner margin of the fore wing, and the
outer area of the hind wing is suffused with black, this being
typical leptalina = pulchella=triliturata,
Hab. Himalayas; Sylhet; Bernardmyo, Burma. Lzp., ¢
32-40, 9 40-50 millim.
526. Soritia shahama, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 801; C. § S. no. 383;
Waterh. Aid, ii, pl. 127, fig. 8.
3. Differs from the dark form of Jeptalina in the collar not
being crimson; the abdomen with lateral yellow bands; the post-
medial band of four spots is white, as also the spot at end of cell
of fore and hind wings. Underside: fore wing with white sub-
marginal streaks ; hind wing with the costal and apical areas
white.
2 with the postmedial band of white spots absent; the one at
end of cell yellow. Hind wing with the basal area whitish.
Hab. Sikhim, Hep. 58 milli.
527. Soritia viridivena, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, abdomen, and legs black, metallic blue-green
below. Fore wing black, with a broad yellow outwardly-oblique
medial band; the veins green. Hind wing bright golden-yellow ;
the base black ; the apex with a broad black border, continued as a
narrowing line to the anal angle. Underside with exterior area
shot with blue.
In this and the following species the stalk of veins 4 and 5 of
the fore wing is short.
Hab. Sylhet ; Naga Hills, 5000 feet, July (Doherty). Eup. 44
millim. Type in B. M.
528. Soritia nigribasalis, n. sp.
Q. Differs from viridivena in the band of the fore wing being
narrow and placed further from the base; the basal area of the
hind wing to near the end of cell and anal angle black, leaving a
yellow band broadest at the costa, obsolescent towards anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller), Hxp. 44 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
529. Soritia circinata, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
p- 57, figs. 156, 157; C. § S. no. 370.
Eterusia fasciata, Wik, Char. undeser, Het. p.5; C. & S. no. 375.
g. Differs from nigribasalis in the abdomen being shot with
brilliant blue. Hind wing black, with an apical yellow band, broad
at the costa, narrowing to vein 16, with four black spots on it
between the nervules and a narrow marginal black line.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam. vp. 63 millim.
254 ZYGENIDE.
530. Soritia obliquaria, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 194.
Eterusia transversa, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 118.
Erasmia eusemoides, Feld, Reis. Nov. pl. 83, fig. 10.
Head and thorax brown, the former and antennz suffused with
metallic blue; abdomen ringed brown and white. Fore wing
brown; a metallic blue speck at base; an oblique postmedial
yellowish-white band from costa to vein 14. Hind wing brown
at base and outer margin, the medial half orange; costa brown,
expanding into a spot at middle. Underside: fore wing with a
series of bluish-white marks before the band; blue streaks on the
marginal veins ; hind wing with some blue at base, on costal spot,
and marginal nervules.
Hab. Mergui; Malacca; Borneo. E£vp., $ 62-76, 280 millim.
Genus PIDORUS.
Pidorus, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 424 (1854).
Laurion, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 426 (1854).
Type, P. glaucopis, Drury.
Range. Japan; China; HE. Himalayas; Assam; Burma;
Malacca ; Borneo; Java.
The wings broader than in Soritia; veins 4 and 5 of the fore
wing not stalked.
Srct. I. The branches of antenne of female very minute.
531. Pidorus circumdatus, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 121; C. § S. no. 371.
Head, thorax, and abdomen greenish black. Fore wing greenish
black, with a golden-yellow band from near the base to the middle,
its outer edge waved. Hind wing golden yellow; a marginal
greenish-black band narrowing to anal angle. Underside with the
outer margins shot with greenish blue.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam. wp. 38 millim.
Srcr. II. The branches of antenne in female longer.
532. Pidorus geminus, W7k. Cat. ii, p. 427; C.§ S. no. 433.
Head and collar crimson; antennez, thorax, abdomen, and fore
wing very dark green, the last with a wide oblique ochreous band
from the costa beyond the middle to the outer angle. Hind wing
deep dark brown. Underside with the costa and outer margins of
both wings shot with blue.
In some specimens the head is brown, and the band on fore wing
white.
Hab. Hongkong; Sikhim; Sylhet; Moulmein; Cambodia ;
Borneo. Hap. 32-40 millim.
PIDORUS. 255
533. Pidorus circe, Boisd., Herr.-Schiffer, Sammi, aussereur. Schmett.
fir. 2; C. §&S. no, 432.
Laurion metallica, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 426.
Differs from geminus in the head and collar being green. Fore
wing bronzy green; hind wing purplish brown, with an ochreous
spot on the costa below the apex and greenish-blue border.
Hab. Khasis; Nagas; Cachar. Hvp. 48 millim.
Fig. 169.—Pidorus circe, 8. }.
534. Pidorus albifascia, Moore, Lep. Ath. p.19; C. § S. no. 435.
3g. Uniform black. Fore wing with the veins greenish; a
yellow spot on the costa, with an oblique white band from it to
the outer angle. Hind wing with a yellow spot on the costa before
the apex. Underside with the veins and margins suffused with
blue.
Hab, Nagas, 3000 feet ; Sylhet; Momeit, Burma, 2000 feet.
Exp. 48 millim.
535. Pidorus glaucopis, Drury, Ill. Exot. Ins. ii, p. 11, pl. 6, fig. 4;
C. & S. no. 441.
Pidorus atratus, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p. 401.
Antenne metallic blue or green; head crimson ; thorax, abdo-
men, and legs black-brown ; abdomen shot with blue. Fore wing
black-brown, with an oblique white band rather variable in width
from the costa beyond the middle to outer angle. Underside
suffused with blue.
Hab. Japan; Sikhim; Bhutan; Nagas; Cachar; Sylhet. Lvp.,
¢ 50-54, 2 50-60 millim.
536. Pidorus miles, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 25, pl. 84, fic. 8; C$ S.
no. 454,
3g. Dark brown; a yellow band across the collar and tegule.
Fore wing with a yellow fascia from the base, rnnning below the
costa to near the end of the cell, then bent down to near middle of
outer margin ; a yellow apical spot. Hind wing with a broad red
fascia along the costa expanding into the end of the cell.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan. Zep. 32 millim.
256 ZYGENIDE.
Genus HETEROPAN.
Heteropan, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 440 (1854).
Birtina, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 125 (1864).
Type, H. scintillans, Wik.
Range. Nigas; Ceylon; Burma; New Guinea; Fiji.
Palpi rather longer than in the preceding genera, Mid and
hind tibie with no spurs. Wings short and quadrate. Fore wing
with vein 6 given off from the upper angle of the cell; hind wing
with veins 6 and 7 from the upper angle of cell.
Sucr. I. The outer margin of fore wing much rounded.
537. Heteropan scintillans, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 441; C.§ S. no. 437;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 96, fig. 3.
g. Antenne and frons deep metallic
blue. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings
lavender-blue. Fore wing with bluish
silvery raised scales on a cupreous band
along the outer margin.
Fig. 170.—Heteropan Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 22 millim.
scintillans, S. +.
538. Heteropan cupreatus, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157, fig. 10.
Differs from scintillans in the antenne, head, thorax, and fore
wings being uniform cupreous brown; the abdomen and hind
wings deeper blue.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. wp. 22 millim.
Secr. IJ. The outer margin of fore wing squarer.
539. Heteropan flavimacula, n. sp.
Uniform dark brown, with a large bright yellow patch on the
fore wing from the costa before the apex to vein 4.
Hab. Momeit, Burma, 2000 feet, June (Doherty). Exp., 3 22,
2 26 millim. Type im coll. Elwes.
540. Heteropan ochreus, Liw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 885, pl. xxiii, fig. 4.
Antenne purplish black, the tips fulvous. Head black. Fore
wings fulvous; the cilia black. Hind wings brighter fulvous,
except the inner area. Underside bright fulvous.
Hab. Naga Hills, 6000 feet. Hap. 27 millim.
ba |
ARBUDAS.—HERPA. 25
Genus ARBUDAS.
Arbudas, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 19 (1879).
Type, A. bicolor, Moore.
Range. Sikhim. ;
Shape as in Heteropan ; the palpi shorter. Fore wing with vein
6 given off below the angle of cell ; vein 11 anastomosing with 12.
541. Arbudas bicolor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 20, pl. ii, fig. 19; C.& S.
no. 477.
3. Antenne, head, thorax, abdo-
men, and wings uniform fuscous, with
a slight purple tinge ; collar crimson.
Underside paler; a whitish patch on
Z disk of fore wing.
@. The collar sometimes dark.
Fore wing rather paler than in male,
the patch on underside pure white
: and extending to the costa. Hind
bean es fee ¥ wing pure white, with a broad dark
os ean outer margin; cilia white.
Hab. Sikhim. Eap., 3 22, 9 32 millim.
Genus HERPA.
Herpa, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 441 (1854).
Type, H. venosa, W1k.
Range. Sikhim; Khasi and Naga Hills.
The branches of antenne very long in the male. Mid and hind
tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs. ‘The wings longer ;
fore wing with vein 7 given off further from the cell than 9; 11
not anastomosing with 12.
Sror. I. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 not staiked.
542. Herpa venosa, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 442; C. § S. no. 439.
Head and antenne black; thorax ochreous, marked with black ;
abdomen ochreous, with segmental black bands. Wings primrose-
yellow, with the veins and margins black.
Hab. Khasis. Hap. 46 millim.
VOL. I g
258 ZYG ENIDE.
*543. Herpa subhyalina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 18; C. & S. no. 438.
Differs from venosa in the abdomen being greyish; the wings
subhyaline ochreous ; both wings with the costal border blackish
hind wings with the veins and margins not black.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 60 millim.
Secor. II. Veins 4 and 5 of the fore wing stalked.
544. Herpa primulina, Zivwes.
Herpa subhyalina, var. primulina, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 382.
Much brighter yellow than subhyalina ; the costa of hind wing
not blackish.
Hab. Naga Hills, 5000 feet, August. wp. 58 millim.
Genus PINTIA.
Pintia, Wik. Cat. ii. p. 280 (1854).
Type, P. metachloros, W1k., from Java.
Range. Hongkong; N.E. and S. India; Burma; Andamans ;
Nicobars ; Sumatra; Java.
Branches of antenne of male not so long as in Herpa. Frons
much produced; palpi short. Legs without spurs. Fore wing
with the apex pointed, vein 11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing
with vein 6 from below the upper angle of cell.
Sxcr. I. Veins 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the fore wing stalked together.
545, Pintia ferrea, Wik. Cat. ii. p. 431; C. § S. no. 892; Buti. Ii.
Het. v, pl. 83, fig. 7.
Antenne metallic blue; head with copper and green tints ;
thorax copper-red with green markings; abdomen dark green.
Fore wing dark coppery red ; the median and submedian nervures
Fig. 173.—Pintia ferrea, g. i.
streaked with green; a shert whitish maculate oblique band
beyond the upper angle of the cell, and two white spots between
veins 3, 4, and 5. Hind wing blackish; the inner area below the
cell suffused with green ; four whitish'spots very variable in size,
PINTIA.—HETERUSIA. 259
and sometimes obsolescent, in the interspaces beyond the cell;
cilia white. Underside with the costa of fore wing streaked with
green ; a white streak in the interno-median interspace: hind wing
with a white streak in the cell and three below it; a submarginal
series of blue spots on both wings.
Hab. Hongkong; Sikhim ; Sylhet ; Cachar; Burma ; Nicobars ;
Andamans. wp. 46-56 millim.
546. Pintia cyanea, Buti. A. M. N. H. (5) xii, p. 160.
Differs from ferrea in the wings being without the whitish spots
above; hind wing shot with brilliant metallic blue, abdomen with
greenish blue.
Hab. Mergui; Sumatra. Hap. 46 millim.
Szct. II. Fore wing with vein 6 not stalked with 7.
547. Pintia latipennis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 45, pl. exxxix,
fie. 22.
3g. Differs from ferrea in the antenne being darker blue;
thorax and fore wing uniform vinous red, the latter with the
oblique band and two spots beyond the cell obsolescent ; abdomen
and hind wing uniform brown, the latter with one white spot
beyond the cell, the lower spots being obsolete; cilia brown.
Underside without the costal green streak to fore wing or blue
submarginal spots. The wings broader.
Hab. Nilgiris, W. slopes, 3000 feet, Aug. Exp. 56 millim.
Genus HETERUSIA.
Eterusia, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 445 (1841).
Devanica, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 355.
Sephisa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 41 (1883).
Type, E. tricolor, Hope.
Range. China; Himalayas; Assam; Sylhet; Burma; 8. India;
Ceylon; Cambodia; Java.
Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8, and 9 stalked together; 11 not
anastomosing with 12.
Sxcr. I. The outer margin of the fore wing nearly straight.
A. The abdomen blue-green above.
548. Heterusia raja, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 320, pl. viii. a, fig. 2;
C.§ S. no. 381.
Q@. Head and thorax green; collar narrowly crimson ; antenne
and abdomen metallic blue, the latter with a green tinge and
yellow below. Fore wing bright green, with an outwardly-
oblique yellow maculate band from the costa beyond the middle to
near outer angle; the spots outwardly edged with black ; the veins
between them blue. Hind wing yellow; the veins bordered with
black ; a curved black band from the lower angle of cell to the
$2
260 ZYGENIDS.
outer margin at vein 1 }; the outer margin black; the whole inner
area from vein 1 6 to the margin blue-green.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 65 millim.
B. The abdomen black, shot with blue.
549. Heterusia alompra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 16; C. § S. no. 868.
Eterusia urania, Schaus, Ent. Amer. 1890, p. 39.
Devanica submarginalis, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon., ined.
Antenne metallic blue-green ; head and thorax green ; abdomen
shot with blue. Fore wing dark green, with an oblique yellow
band from the costa beyond the middle to the inner margin near
outer angle, some ovate black spots on each side of it, and
the nervures between it and the black spots metallic blue. Hind
wing black; the inner area below the median nervure shot with
metallic blue; an apical band of metallic-blue spots decreasing
from the apex to vein 2.
In typical alompra there is an oblique series of small yellow
spots from the end of the cell of the hind wing to the outer
margin at vein 16; this in submarginalis forms a complete broad
band, but in the form wrania is totally absent on the upperside.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Nagas; Burma; Cambodia.
Exp., 6 72, 9 62-86 millim.
C. Abdomen yellow ; the first segment black, shot with blue ;
males with segmental black bands above.
550. Heterusia lativitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 15; C. & S. no. 877.
Eterusia fasciata, Mosch. (nee Walk.), Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 340;
C. § S. no. 375 (part.).
g. Abdomen banded with black above ; the basal yellow patch
of fore wing wanting.
2. Head, thorax, and first segment of abdomen black. Fore wing
very dark green, with a basal pale yellow patch ; a broad maculate
band consisting of two irregularly swperposed spots just before
the middle ; a small spot in the end of the cell, and five small sub-
apical white spots. Hind wing rich blackish brown, with a yellow
spot at the end of the cell, and two or three metallic blue spots in
the interspaces between veins 2 to 5, which are streaked with blue.
Underside with the veins streaked with blue in places on both
wings. Abdomen with ventral black bands.
Hab, Sikhim ; Khasis; Assam ; Nagas; Sylhet. wp. 70 millim.
551. Heterusia tricolor, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. 1841, p. 445,
pl. 31, fig. 4; C. § S. no. 386.
Eterusia sublutea, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 480; C. & S. no. 385,
Eterusia scintillans, Herr.-Schdffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
fig. 154.
Heterusia trimacula, Mosch. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 342; C.§S.
no. d88.
HETERUSIA. 261
Differs from lativitta in the spots of the medial bands being
small and well separated; the spot at the end of the cell and the
submarginal series larger, the latter complete. Hind wing black
—_——
Fig. 174.—Heterusia tricolor, 2. 4.
at base ; followed by a yellow band, wide on inner margin, where
it reaches the anal angle; apical area black, with a large yellow
spot at the end of the cell, and two to four blue submarginal spots,
the two lower with yellow lunules inside them. Underside with the
black areas largely shot with blue.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Nepal; Nagas; EH. Pegu. Evp., 3 6),
© 75 millim.
D. The first two segments of abdomen black, no dorsal bands
in male,
552. Heterusia edocla, Doubl. Zoologist, ii, p. 468; C. & S. no. 874.
Heterusia dulcis, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 21, pl. 83, fig. 4; C.& 8. no. 373.
Heterusia signata, Mésch. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 341; C.§ S.
no. 384.
Differs from Jativitta in the fore wing having the medial band
broken up into 5 spots; the submarginal series complete, or
sometimes almost entirely absent.
In the form dulcis there is a yellow band from the costa of the
hind wing across the end of the cell, this being only represented
in typical edocla by a small spot on the underside of costa.
Hab. Nepal; Sikhim; Assam; Nagas; Cachar. Hep. 75 millim.
553. Heterusia magnifica, Buti. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1879, p. 5; td. Ill.
Het. v, pl. 83, tig. 2; C. § S. no. 378.
Differs from edocla in the fore wing being purple-brown, with a
slight green tinge, the markings white ; the medial band with blue
on the veins where they cross it. Hind wing as in trecolor, except
that the basal black patch is larger; the apical area largely shot
with blue; the upper spots on it triple; the yellow of hind wing
may be pale or bright.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Nigas; Sylhet; Cachar. Zvp., 3 66,
2 80 millim.
262 ZYGENIDE.
554. Heterusia virescens, Buti. Ii. Het. v,p. 21, pl. 83, fie.3; 0. § S.
no. 389.
Differs from magnifica in the fore wing being dark green; the
basal black area of the hind wing larger, reducing the width of the
yellow band, which is very pale in colour. End of abdomen black
in male.
Hab. Khanddla ; Nilgiris, 3000-6000 feet. Zap. 76 millim.
555. Heterusia cingala, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 343;
id. Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 41, pl. 96, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 391.
Fore wing with the basal white patch and medial band actually
larger than in virescens, and comparatively much larger, the latter
placed nearer the base and not broken up into spots ; the submar-
ginal spots larger. Hind wing with the pale yellow band broader ;
the subapical spots absent in males.
Larva brown, with three lateral and two dorsal series of warts ;
from the former long, from the latter short hairs arise.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 55 millim.
556. Heterusia edea, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p.757; C.§ S. no. 367.
Differs from virescens in the spots of the medial band of the fore
wing being longer; the cell spot and submarginal spots of both
wings much larger. Hind wing with the pale yellow band much
broader.
Hab. China; Sylhet. Hwp. 65 millim.
Sxcr. II. The outer margin of the fore wing more excised.
557. Heterusia drataraja, Moore, Lep. E.I.Co. ii, p. 321, pl. viii a, fig. 8.
3. Frons white. Head, thorax, and abdomen black; thorax,
with the collar, tegule, and two longitudinal streaks, fulvous ;
abdomen with fulvous segmental bands. Fore wing fulvous, with
the following black streaks, two below the costa, one at the be-
ginning and two at the end of the cell, two in the median
and two in the interno-median interspace, one along the inner
margin, and one in each interspace beyond the cell; a mar-
ginal black band crossed by the fulvous veins and widest at
the apex. Hind wing fulvous, with the veins broadly edged with
black ; a broad black band along outer margin.
Hab. Java; Mergui. vp. 40 millim.
Genus MILLERIA.
Milleria, Herr.-Schiiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett. p. 78 (1858).
Type, MW. virginalis, H.-S.
Range. N.K. India; Burma; Malacca; Singapore; Borneo.
Frons produced. Mid and hind tibie with minute terminal
pairs of spurs. Fore wing with the outer margin not excised ;
vein 3 from before the end of the cell, 4 and5 on a long stalk, 7, 8,
and 9 stalked. Hind wing broad and rounded.
MILLERIA. 263
558. Milieria virginalis, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
fie. 4; C.§ S. no. 425.
Cyclosia fuliginosa, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 418; C. § S. no. 436; Butl. Ill.
Het. v, pl. 83, fig. 6.
Cyclosia subeyanescens, Wk. Cat. ii, p. 417.
_d. Head and thorax blackish; collar crimson ; abdomen pale
with fuscous bands. Fore wing cupreous brown, with white
Fig. 175.—Milleria virginalis, Q. 4.
streaks in the interspaces, suffused with fuscous and consisting of
a series of long streaks towards the base, and short streaks towards
the outer margin. Hind wing white, with a broad black band
from the apex to vein 2, enclosing a white spot in each interspace ;
the median nervure and nervules blue; the inner area yellow.
Underside with the veins of both wings blue; hind wing more
suffused with yellow.
2. Whiter, the fuscous on fore wing reduced to streaks along
the veins and on the hind wing to a line on the outer margin, and
a band across the end of the cell, which then bends outwards and
becomes submarginal.
The variety fuliginosa has the abdomen and both wings entirely
suffused with purplish black, so that only faint traces of the spots
and streaks appear.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet; Burma. Eywp., 3 62, 2 76 millim.
559. Milleria cyanivena, n. sp.
3g. Differs from virginalis form fuliginosa in the veins of both
wings being shot with greenish blue, the fore wing slightly, the
hind wing and underside prominently ; the discal spots of both
wings absent on upper and under sides; the submarginal series
pure white, large, and prominent.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma (Doherty). Exp. 70 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
264 ZYGENID A,
560. Milleria hamiltoni, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 475.
Q. Differs from virginalis in the collar being blue, and only the
neck crimson; abdomen blue above. Fore wing green; pale
yellow streaks on inner margin, veins | 6 and ¢, two in middle of
cell, two above and two below, two in end of cell, a series between
the nervules beyond, and a submarginal series. Hind wing pale
yellow, the inner area bright yellow, the veins beyond the cell and
apical margin blue. Underside similar, the metallic blue more
brillant.
‘Hab. Khasi Hills. Hep. 75 millim.
561. Milleria cardinalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.18; C. § S. no. 421.
3. Differs from virginalis form fuliginosa in the frons being
crimson; fore wing with the base and a waved subbasal band
fuscous ; the apical half white; the veins and outer margin fuscous.
Hind wing yellowish, suffused with fuscous, the inner margin
brighter yellow; the discocellulars streaked with blue; outer
margin broadly white, crossed by the black veins.
Hab. Sikhim. Ep. 37 millim.
Genus CHALCOSIA.
Chalcosia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 173 (1818).
Type, C. thallo, Linn.
Range. China; throughout India; Ceylon; Burma; Malacca ;
Sumatra; Java; Borneo.
Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 from cell or on a short stalk.
Legs without spurs.
Sect. I. Veins 4 and 5 of the fore wing not stalked; the veinlet
in the cell not forked.
562. Chalcosia griseifusa, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing uniform dark blue-
grey. Hind wing with the basal half yellowish white, suffused
with blue-grey towards the costa—the Malacca and Singapore
specimens being more suffused than the one from Pegu; outer
area fuscous, widest at apex, narrow at anal angle. Underside
with a whitish patch on the inner margin of the fore wing below
the cell; a submarginal series of whitish spots to both wings.
Hind wing with the area below the cell bright yellow, more re-
ee in the Singapore specimen than in those from Malacca and
egu.
Allied to ficta, W1k., from Borneo.
nS Pegu; Malacca; Singapore. EZwp. 52 millim. Type
in B. M.
CHALCOSIA. 265
563. Chalcosia idwoides, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
p. 78, pl. i, fig. 6.
Chalcosia albata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 390; C. & S. no. 408.
Chalcosia pectinicornis, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 420 (nec Linn.) ; C.§ S.
no, 411 (part.).
Antenne metallic blue ; frons blue ; vertex of head black; head
and collar crimson, the latter with two blue spots; thorax and ab-
domen blue-green. Fore wing with the basal half blue-green,
sometimes white, leaving two medial spots, the median vein, and
veins 16 and ¢ where they cross it whitish ; this blue-green area
terminates in three black spots, one in the cell and two below
it, and is followed by a broad white band from the centre of the
costa to near the outer angle; apical and marginal areas black, the
veins metallic green ; a subapical band of white spots in the inter-
spaces. Hind wing pure white, with a black apical marginal band
crossed by the metallic blue veins.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Nepal; Assam. Sp., g 60-68, 2
68 millim.
564, Chalcosia argentata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.17; C. & 8. no. 409.
Chalcosia diana, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 815.
Differs from id@oides in the hind wing being pale yellow; the
marginal band sometimes entirely shot with blue; the fore wing
sometimes has the basal area blue-green, sometimes white as in
ideoides,
Hab. Formosa; N.W. and E. Himalayas; Khasis. Ewp., 3
60, 2 72 millim.
565. Chalcosia adalifa, Doubl. A. M. N. H. xix. 1847, p. 76; C. § 8S.
no. 406; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 83. fig. 5.
2. Differs from argentata in the blue-green patch below the
cell of the fore wing being absent and replaced by three blue spots
nearer the outer margin, two in the interno-median interspace,
and one between veins 2 and 3. Underside of hind wing bright
yellow, except the costa, apex, and apical part of margin.
Hab. Khasi Hills. Hap. 64 millim.
566. Chaleosia myrrhina, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157,
fig. 14,
$. Differs from argentata in the white of the fore wing not
being silvery ; the streak from the base being along the costa ; the
patches in and below the cell being joined and shot with copper ;
the apical area purplish coppery, with the spots of the subapical
band small. Hind wing uniform pale yellow, with two black sub-
apical spots.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. wp. 40 millim.
266 ZYGHNID A.
Sect. II. The fore wing longer; veins 4 and 5 stalked; and
the veinlet in the cell generally forked.
567. Chalcosia affinis, Guér. Voy. Deless. Hist. Nat. p. 86, pl. 24,
fig. 2; C.& S. no, 407; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 98, fig. 2.
Differs from myrrhina in the whole basal half of the fore wing
being metallic green, sometimes with a bronzy tint, and with black
marks before the pale band; black streaks in the interspaces of
the apical area. Hind wing with the apex black shot with blue.
Hab. Western Ghats ; Nilgiris; Ceylon. vp. 50 millim.
568. Chalcosia corusca, Boisd. Herr.-Schiiffer, Samml. aussereur.
Schmett. pl. i, fig. 1; C. & S. no. 410.
Chalcosia zuleika, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 423; C. § S. no. 416.
Differs from affinis in the basal area of the fore wing being
golden green, traversed by an orange band bordered by blue-black
on each side, this basal area terminating in a blue-black edge; the
subapical spots obsolete. Hind wing with a larger apical blue-
black patch.
The hind wing is sometimes pure white.
Hab. Sikhim; Khdsis; Assam. Lzp., ¢ 50, 2 60 millim.
569. Chalcosia thallo, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 756.
Chalcosia pectinicornis, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 807; C. & S. no. 411.
Chalcosia tiberina, Cram. Pap. Exot. i, p. 52, pl. 32, D.
Chalcosia quadrifasciata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 45, pl. 96, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 418.
Chalcosia venosa, Wik. Cat. i, p. 422; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 97,
figs. 2,2a; C.§ S. no. 405.
Chalcosia similata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 45, pl. 97, figs. 3, 3a;
C. § S. no. 414.
Milleria zehma, Boisd. Herr.-Schiiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
p. 78, pl. i, fig. 8; C. & S. no. 415.
Differs from affinis in being bluer. The fore wing may have
the basal area entirely blue-green with black spots, or there may
be a large white or pale yellow patch below the cell and along the
inner margin; the median band is white or pale yellow, and broad
and irregular, or reduced to a series of irregularly placed spots;
the veins of the apical area are more narrowly green than in affnis ;
the subapical spots are sometimes prominent, sometimes completely
obsolete. Hind wing white or pale yellow, with a black irregular
marginal border shot with blue, which colour sometimes extends up
below the cell to the base, reducing the white area to a patch
beyond the cell; sometimes the blue-black colour is entirely
wanting, except for a small subapical spot, and all the intermediate
stages seem to occur irrespective of locality.
Pectinicornis is the darkest form, with the base of fore wing
CHALCOSIA. 267
and most of hind wing dark, in thallo the hind wing is white
with a black marginal band, in tiberina the marginal band of the
hind wing is narrower—these being the Chinese and N. Indian
forms; in the Ceylon form quadrifasciata, from sea-level, the
Fig. 176.—Chalcosia thallo, 3. +.
white basal patch to the fore wing appears in combination with a
dark hind wing; in venosa, from the hills, the hind wing also is
mostly pale; in similata the pale band of the fore wing is wider,
and the dark area of the hind wing further reduced.
Hab. China; N. India; Ceylon. xp. 50-60 millim.
570. Chalcosia pretiosa, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 116; C. & S. no. 412;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 96, fig. 4.
Chalcosia pretiosa, var. albina, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 157,
fio. 5.
3. Fore wing as in affinis, except that the white band is
usually narrower and the subapical spots smaller; the abdomen
and hind wing brilliant metallic blue.
In the form albina there is sometimes a white basal patch to
the fore wing, and the hind wing is white, with the base and outer
margin only metallic blue.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 42 millim.
571. Chalcosia distincta, Guér. Voy. Deless. Hist, Nat. p. 85, pl. 24,
fig. 3; CO. & S. no, 372,
Antenne blue; head and abdomen orange ; thorax grey, striped
with blue. Fore wing grey, with the following series of blue-
black spots in the interspaces—one series antemedial, three of the
spots running back as streaks to the base; the others postmedial
and submarginal, which join below the cell and are continued as
one series; a marginal series. Hind wing white, with a black
marginal band which occupies half the wing at the costa, and
narrows to a point at the anal angle.
Hab. ? Assam; Mergui; Perak; Borneo; Sumatra; Java.
Exp. 42-50 millim.
268 ZYGHNIDA.
Genus CORMA.
Corma, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 124 (1864).
Codane, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 17 (1879).
Type, C. obscurata, W1k., from Cambodia.
Range. N.E. India; Burma; Cambodia ; Sumatra.
Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; fore wing with the
veinlet in the cell of fore wing not forked, 4 and 5, and7, 8, and 9
stalked, or 9 from cell.
572. Corma zenotea, Wik. Cat. ii. p. 425; C. § S. no. 444.
Corma spoliata, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 125.
Antenne, head, and thorax dark greenish black ; abdomen
yellow, with black lateral spots and the tip black. Fore wing with
Fig. 177.—Corma zenotea, 2. }.
a fuscous band along the basal half of the costa ; a spot at middle of
cell and one on vein 1 ¢; postmedial and marginal maculate bands
which join towards outer angle. Hind wing white, with a fuscous
spot on the costa at end of cell, and a maculate apical band.
Hab, Kbasis; Karen Hills; Moulmein; Siam. Hwp., ¢ 40,
2 46 millim.
573. Corma maculata, n. sp.
@. Differs from zenotea in the collar being yellow. Fore wing
with the basal area fuscous, except at inner margin; the spot in
the cell much larger ; the spots below the cell four in number and
much larger, as are the apical and marginal markings. Hind wing
with the fuscous spot in the cell obsolescent, but large on under-
side, on which side also a streak from the costa near the end of
cell is present ; a large patch below vein 2; spots between veins 2
and 3, and 3 and 4; marginal markings large.
Hab. Chin Hills, W. Burma (Watson). Hvp. 56 millim. Type
in B. M.
574. Corma zelica, Doubl. A. M. N. H. (1) xix, p. 76, pl. 7, fig. 3;
C. §& S. no. 443.
Codane neoterica, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 177.
Codane Soueourclias, Moore, J:-A. Sib. lwasptin2 pono usp:
no, 442.
3. Differs from zenotea in the abdomen having segmental blue
bands above. Fore wing with an oblique broad medial bluish-
CORMA.—CYCLOSIA. 269
black band followed by a white one; the apical and marginal areas
bluish black, with a series of white subapical spots and, in some
specimens, the apex white. Hind wing white, with the base
suffused with fuscous and a broad marginal fuscous band narrow-
ing to anal angle.
2 with the base of the hind wing not suffused with fuscous ;
the abdomen whitish yellow, with the lateral spots, but no bands.
In one specimen from E. Pegu the median dark band of the fore
wing is reduced to a series of spots.
The spots forming the medial black band vary much in size.
Hab. Syihet; E. Pegu; Moulmein. Zwp., g 48, 9 54 millim.
Genus CYCLOSIA.
Cyclosia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 177 (1818).
Klaboana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 893.
Type, C. panthona, Cram.
Range. China; N.H. and 8. India; Burma; Andamans; Nico-
bars; Java.
Fore wings with veins 4 and 5 from the angle of the cell, 6 from
angle of cell or stalked with 7, 8, and 9; 11 anastomosing with
12; the veinlet in the cell forked.
A. The abdomen banded blue and white.
575. Cyclosia nigrescens, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 600; C. & S.
no. 422.
Antenne, head, and thorax metallic blue, the last two marked
with white. Fore wing black, with the costa blue; a pale yel-
low streak below the costa, two in the cell, three below it, and
four beyond the cell, the upper one trifid. Hind wing yellow,
with a broad black marginal band; the median nervure and ner-
vules streaked with black. Underside with a submarginal series
of blue spots to both wings.
Hab. Andamans; Burma. wp. 74 millim.
576. Cyclosia parvula, Buti. A. M. N. H. (5) xii, p. 160; C. § S.
no. 420.
Differs from nigrescens in having a submarginal series of small
yellow spots to both wings.
Hab. Burma; Andamans; Nicobars. Exp. 52 millim.
5/7. Cyclosia papilionaris, Drury, Ill. Exot. Ins. iis joe Zhy folly, Be
fie. 4; C. § S. no. 419.
Phaleena venaria, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2. p. 156.
Differs from parvula in the black markings of the fore wing
being more extensive, so that the streaks and spots are reduced in
270 ZYGENID A.
size. Hind wing with the marginal black border wider, and in
some specimens of the same width at anal angle as at apex; ina
Javan specimen all the veins are bordered with black. In some
specimens the colour of the markings is almost white.
Hab. China; Sikhim; Khasis; Burma; Mergui; Java. Evp.
70 millim.
Fig. 178.—Cyclosia papilionaris, 2. 4.
B. The abdomen blue above.
578. Cyclosia australinda, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 45, pl. exxxix,
fie, 23,
9. Differs from papilionaris in the veins crossing the black
band of the hind wing being streaked with metallic blue.
Hab. Nilgiris; Travancore. wp. 70 millim.
C. The abdomen entirely blue-green.
579. Cyclosia panthona, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, p. 68, pl. 822c; C.§ 8.
no. 423; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 44, pl. 97, figs. 1, 1 a,1 6.
Head, thorax, and abdomen without any white markings. Fore
wing dull brown, with a greenish tinge. Hind wing purplish
brown; both wings with a submarginal series of large white spots
in the interspaces, which are furthest from the margin at the apex
of the fore wing; in some Burmese specimens those towards
the anal angle of the hind wing are wanting.
Larva pale greenish yellow, the first two and last two somites
reddish ; three lateral and three dorsal series of warts, which are
black centred with white; from the former arise long hairs, from
the latter short.
Pupa in a pale reddish cocoon.
Hab. Hong Kong; Sikhim; Assam; Cachar; Khasis; Burma;
Mergui; Malacca; Siam; Ceylon. Exp. g 40-60, 2 60 millim.
ho
bo |
=
POMPELON.
Genus POMPELON.
Pompelon, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 413 (1854).
Type, P. marginata, H.-S., from Java.
Range. Burma; Penang; Java; Celebes.
Mid and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
Wings broad, with the apex of the fore wing very much rounded.
Vein 6 from below angle of cell, 7, 8, and 9 stalked; vein 11 of
the fore wing anastomosing with 12.
This genus mimics the blue Hupleas.
580. Pompelon valentula, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 401.
©. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown; pectus and abdo-
men below crimson, the latter with a pair of lateral segmental
spots. Wings black-brown; fore wing with the costa and apex
narrewly metallic blue ; hind wing with a large metallic-blue apical
patch ; the outer margin greyish, which last is the only character
in which it differs from marginata, Guér., from Penang. Under-
side of fore wing with a large yellow spot in the upper end of the
cell, and the veins enclosing the cell streaked with metallic blue.
Hab. Burma. Ep. 78 millim.
581. Pompelon subcyanea, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 72.
Differs from valentula in the collar being blue, the apical blue
patch to the fore wing being much larger, and extending down the
Fig. 179.—Pompelon subcyanea, g. 4
T°
outer margin nearly to the outer angle, and inwards along all the
nervules and median nervure ; the costal blue streak wider. Hind
wing without the grey margin. Underside with the veins and
apices of both wings more or less suffused with blue.
Hab. Hastern Pegu, 1000 feet, April; Singapore; Borneo.
Exp. 3 66, 2 84 millim.
iD ZYGENID A.
Genus AMESIA.
Amesia, Duncan, Nat. Libr., Ent. vii. p. 93 (1841).
Type, A. sanguiflua, Drury.
Range. N.E. India; Burma; Malacca; Borneo; Java.
Claspers in male very much enlarged; branches of antenne
short; frons very much produced. Fore wing with the apex and
outer margin rather square ; veins 7, 8, and 9 stalked.
582. Amesia sanguiflua, Drury, Ill. Exot. Ins. ii, p. 35, pl. 20,
figs. 1,2; C. & S. no. 402.
Antenne blue; head, thorax, and abdomen black, marked with
metallic blue or green. Fore wing black, with some bluish subbasal
marks; five irregularly placed yellow spots near the base; the
veins broadly edged with vinous red from just before the middle of
the wing to near outer margin ; four small white spots below the
Fig. 180.—Amesia sanguiflua, G. }.
costa, two in the cell and five beyond; a submarginal series of white
spots. Hind wing black, with a broad brilliant blue apical marginal
band narrowing to anal angle; two small white spots in the cellona
brilliant blue ground and four beyond. Underside with the white
spots larger, more numerous, and all on blue grounds: a yellow
spot in cell of hind wing in addition to those on fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Khasis; Sylhet; Shillong; Burma. Lap. 100-
110 millim.
583. Amesia aliris, Doubl. A. M. N. H. (1) xix. p. 74; C.§ S. no. 400.
Differs from sanguiflua in the fore wing being without the
vinous edges to the veins, and the spots being reddish orange instead
of yellow.
AMESIA.—ERASMIA. Dies
A female from the Karen Hills has the anal area of hind wing
white.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Nagas; Sylhet; Karen Hills. Hxp.,
3 2, 86-92 millim.
584. Amesia hyala, Druce, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 518; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pl. 172, fig. 3.
Differs from aliris in the therax having four white instead of blue
dots; wings uniform brown, with the veins towards outer margin
more or less outlined with white. Fore wing with a white dot at
base; eight white dots beyond the cell between the nervules
arranged in three series. Hind wing with two blue spots in the cell,
one below it; four dots beyond the cell, the two upper ones white.
Underside with the blue and white spots larger; additional blue
spots below the costa and in and below the cell of the fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Borneo. xp. 102 millim.
Genus ERASMIA.
Erasmia, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 446 (1841).
Type, H. pulchella, Hope.
Range. China; Formosa; N.E. India.
Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked and much curved; 7, 8,
and 9 stalked.
585. Erasmia pulchella, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 446,
pl. xxxi, fig. 5; C.& S. no. 464.
Antenne, head, and thorax metallic blue-green; abdomen
whitish, more or less suffused with green. Fore wing black; the
base suffused with metallic blue-green; an orange-red irregular
oblique antemedial band ; a similar metallic blue-green medial band ;
Fig. 181.—Hrasmia pulchella, g. 4.
a postmedial maculate band of irregularly placed white spots, edged
with green; two subapical white spots; veins of the outer area
blue-green. Hind wing pale yellow; the base and a patch on the
costa blue-green ; an apical marginal black band crossed by the
blue-green veins.
VOL. I. ay
274 ZYGENIDE.
The Tibet race has less blue on the fore wing, and the marginal
band of hind wing wider.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Nagas; Sylhet. Hwp., g 80, 2 90
millim.
Genus CAMPYLOTES.
Campylotes, Westw. Royle’s Iil. Himal. p. liiti (1889).
Type, C. histrionicus, Westw.
Range. Tibet ; Himalayas; Assam Hills.
Legs with the spurs extremely minute. Frons hardly produced.
Fore wing with veins 3, 4, and 5 stalked together ; 10 stalked with
7,8, and 9; veins 2 to 10 all much curved. Hind wing with veins
4 and 5 stalked ; veins 2 to 5 much curved.
586. Campylotes histrionicus, Westw. Royle’s Ill. Himal. p. liii, pl. 10,
fig. 1; C.& S. no. 456.
Campylotes histrionicus, var. altissima, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 384,
pl. xxxiui, fig. 1.
Campylotes sikkimensis, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 384, pl. xxxiii, fie. 2.
Head, thorax, and abdomen blue-black ; tegule yellow ; pectus
spotted with yellow ; abdomen banded with yellow below. Fore
wing blue-black, with two long red streaks below the costa; two in
the cell, the upper red, the lower red and yellow; three yellow
streaks below the cell; a red spot between veins 2 and 3; a white
spot in the end of the cell; a series of six beyond and two sub-
apical spots. Hind wing blue-black, with a red streak below the
Zz
Fig. 182.—Campylotes histrionicus, . 3.
costa; two in the cell, and four below, of which the upper one is
red, the next red and yellow, and the other two yellow; a series
of five red and yellow streaks beyond the cell, anda red and yellow
spot between veins 4 and 5.
In the form altissima the spot in the cell of the fore wing and
the one on the costa above are yellow, also the spots between veins
3and4,and4and 5. EHzp., 51-56 millim.
CAMPYLOTES.—CADPHISES. 275
In the form sikkimensis (exp., 5 44, 2 62 millim.) all the
spots towards the apex of the fore wing are yellow, and the collar
is yellow in the female. These differences are perfectly constant
in a large number of specimens.
In a var. of histrioncus from the Khdsis the whole of the red
markings are turned to orange.
Hab. Throughout the Himalayas; Khdsis. EZwp. 80 millim.
587. Campylotes desgodinsi, Oberth. Et. Ent. livr. ix, p. 18, pl. ii,
fig. 10.
Campylotes desgodinsi, var. splendida, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 384,
pl. xxxiii, fig. 3.
Q. Differs from the form sekkimensis of histrionicus in having
the tegule and collar black.
In the form splendida, from the Naga Hills, besides the size being
greater, the coloration is much brighter and the ground-colour
blue-black not greenish.
Hab. Tibet. Exp. 61 millim.—Var. splendida. Hab. Nagas.
Exp. 78 millim.
588. Campylotes atkinsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.17; C. § S. no. 455 ;
Waterh. Aid, ii, pl. 92.
With no yellow on thorax or abdomen. Wings shot with
green. Fore wing with two red streaks below the costa; two in
the cell and three obsolescent streaks below; a red streak between
veins 2 and 3; a series of four white spots beyond the cell and
two subapical white spots. Hind wing shot with green ; all the
red markings obsolescent except the spots in the interspaces between
veins 2 to 8.
Underside with the red streaks of the hind wing well developed
on the costal half of the wing; the inner area of both wings rather
bare and shining.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 72 millim.
Genus CADPHISES.
Cadphises, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 800.
Type, C. maculata, Moore.
Range. Sikhim; Khasis; Nagas.
Wings broad. Mid and hind tibiz with short terminal pairs of
spurs. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked and curved, vein 10
stalked with 7, 8, and 9, which are all curved.
589. Cadphises maculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 801, pl. 42, fig. 7;
C. & S. no, 361.
Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen purplish black, spotted with
© 2
276 ZYGENID ZA,
white. Wings purplish black, with numerous small white spots.
Hind wing bright yellow from the inner margin to vein 1 8.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khasis. Zep. 70-90 millim.
Fig. 183.— Cadphises maculata, 2. 1}.
590. Cadphises moorei, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 392; C. § S. no. 362.
Q. Differs from maculata in the inner margin of the hind
wing being purplish black, spotted with white, similar to the rest of
the wing.
This may prove to be a variety of maculata, as some specimens
have a tendency to be intermediate.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khasis; Nagas. Exp. 70-88 millim.
Genus ISBARTA.
Isbarta, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1672 (1856).
Type, Z. glauca, W1ik., from Sumatra.
ftange. Bhutan; Assam Hills; Burma; Borneo; Sumatra;
Celebes.
Fore wing with vein 6 stalked with 7, 8, and 9, all being much
curved; 10 bent upwards and touching 12; 11 anastomosing with
12; numerous veinlets from 12 to the costa.
591. Isbarta binghami, Buti. A. M. N. H. (5) x, 1882, p. 374;
C. & S. no. 417.
Q. Antenne metallic blue; head, thorax, and abdomen black
and white. Fore wing white: the costa, subcostals, and median
nervures blue; all the nervures bordered with black; black spots
in the middle and upper angle of cell; a submarginal series of
black spots from vein 4 to the inner margin. Hind wing white ;
the whole disk bright yellow ; the outer margin and veins near it
black ; cilia of both wings white.
This species is probably a mimic of Danais crocea.
ISBARTA.—CALLAMESIA. 277
In Coll. B. M. is a specimen of J. pieridoides, H.-S., labelled Dar-
jiling, but as it is a Bornean species and an excellent mimic of
Idiopsis daos, which does not occur in Sikhim, and as the specimen
was bought at an auction, the locality is almost certainly wrong.
Hab. Tenasserim. Hap. 74 millim.
Fig. 184.—Jsbarta binghami, 2. }.
592. Isbarta imitans, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 24, pl. 84, fig. 1; C. § S.
no. 418.
3. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen metallic blue or green,
with white markings. Wings cupreous brown, with yellowish-
white spots and streaks in the interspaces; fore wing with one streak
below the cell, two in the cell, and three longer streaks below it, six
spots beyond the cell and a submarginal series of six spots. Hind
wing with the inner area shot with green; two streaks in the cell
and three below it, and a series of five streaks beyond the cell.
with the inner area of hind wing not shot with green.
An excellent ‘mimic’ of Danais aglea.
Hab. Bhutan; Karen Hills. Zap., ¢ 72, 9 84 millim.
593. Isbarta cuprea, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p, 475.
2. Fore wing brown, shot with purplish cupreous; a small basal
white spot; a submarginal obsolescent series of spots. Hind wing
brown ; two pale streaks in the cell ; a series of streaks between
the nervules beyond the cell. Cilia of boti wings white. Under-
side with the costa of both wings blue.
Hab. Khasis; E. Pegu. Hep. 80 millim.
Genus CALLAMESIA.
Callamesia, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xvi, p. 345 (1853).
Type, C. midama, H.-S.
Range. N.E. India; Burma; Malacca; Nias.
Fore wing with vein 1 ¢ bent and sending a bar to 16; veins 6,
7, 8, and 9 stalked, vein 10 not quite touching 12, 11 anastomosing
with 12; numerous veinlets between 12 and the costa.
278 ZYGENID#.
594. Callamesia midama, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
pl. 2, fig.7(¢); C.& S. no. 401.
Cyclosia venusta, Wk. Cat. ii. p. 416; C. & S. no. 424.
Epyrgis hormenia, Herr.-Schéffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett. pl. 2,
fir.8(2); C.& S. no. 404.
Amesia stelligera, Butl. Ill. Het. v. p. 28, pl. 85, figs. 8,9; C&S.
no. 403.
6. Antenne metallic blue; head, thorax, and abdomen black,
the last banded with white below; the collar spotted with
blue; abdomen and hind wing shot with purple. Fore wing
with two series of small white spots; the apex and outer margin
Fig. 185.—Callamesia midama, 3. +.
brilliant blue. Hind wing with the apex brilliant blue; the two
series of spots sometimes more or less reproduced. Underside
with two white spots in the cell of the fore wing and two beyond ;
the two series of submarginal spots larger and present on both
wings; the costa and outer margin of both wings brilhant blue:
the inner area purplish.
2 with the fore wing less shot with blue; twospots in the cell,
two peyond, and two below the cell in addition to those of the
male. Hind wing with two series of spots well represented, and
also with two spots in the cell.
In the form séelligera the inner submarginal series of spots on
the hind wing is small ; in midama those towards the inner margin
become streaks; whilst in hormenia these streaks occupy the
greater part of the cell and the interspaces below it. One Sikhim
female is browner, with scarcely any blue shot on upperside. These
variations occur irrespective of locality and only in the female.
The species is a beautiful ‘ mimic’ of the blue Hupleas.
Hob. Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Nagas ; Sylhet ; Burma; Siam.
Exp., 3 74, Q 86 millm.
Genus GYNAUTOCERA.
Gynautocera, Guér. Mag. Zool. 1831, Ins. pl. 12.
Type, G. papilionaria, Guér.
Range. Himalayas ; N.E. India: Calentta ; Burma.
GYNAUTOCERA.—HISTIA. 279
The fore wing very much produced at apex, so that the outer
margin becomes very oblique; veins 7, 8,and 9 stalked ; numerous
veinlets between vein 12 and the costa. Hind wing rounded; wid
and hind tibiz with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
595. Gynautocera papilionaria, Guér. Mag. Zool. 1831, pl. 12;
C. §& S. no. 399.
Chaleosia selene, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv. p. 463.
Histia fraterna, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 15; C. & S. no. 397.
Gynautocera rara, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soe. 1891, p. 476.
Antenne metallic blue; head, thorax, and abdomen black ;
vertex of head crimson; pectus and segmental bands on abdomen
below and end of abdomen crimson. Wings black; fore wing with
a greenish tinge, and the veins of the outer half bordered with
greenish fuscous ; hind wing shot with deep blue; a large white
Fig. 186.—Gynautocera papilionaria, §. 1.
patch between veins 2 and 5, extending slightly into the cell and
with its edges and the veins crossing it metallic blue. Base of
wings below crimson.
In the form fraterna the white patch of the hind wing extends
to the costa and nearly to anal angle, whilst in rara it is small and
suffused with blue and there is a little crimson on the metathorax.
Hab. The Himalayas ; Calcutta; Assam; Nagas ; Sylhet ; Bas-
sein (Pegu); Tenasserim. wp. 84-96 millim.
Genus HISTIA.
Histia, Miibn. Verz. p. 198 (1818).
Type, H. flabellicornis, Fabr.
Range. N.E. & 8. India ; China; Burma ; Java.
Fore wing with shape and venation as in G'ynautocera, except
that, vein 11 anastomoses with 12. Hind wing with the outer
margin produced into a long tail, and the cell lengthened and
narrowed.
280 ZXGENIDE.
596. Histia flabellicornis, Fubr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 163; C. §& S. no. 396.
Papilio rhodope, Cram. Pap. Exot. i. pl. 30 8.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing coloured as in Gynawtocera
papilionaris, except that the abdomen is marked with blue. Hind
Fig. 187.—Histia flabellicornis, §. 3.
wing brilliant metallic blue or green to near the end of cell, the
distal portion black, with a slight blue shot. Underside with the
bases of the wings crimson, the basal half with a blue spot.
Hab. Hong Kong; Sikhim; Assam; Khdsis; Nagas; Burma.
Exp. 70-30 millim.
597. Histia nilgira, Moore, Lep. Ath. p.18: C. & S. no. 398.
Differs from flabellicornis in the metallic-green colour of the
hind wing extending te beyond the cell in the male; female with
a broad whitish band across the hind wing beyond the cell includ-
ing the extremity of the cell and widest on the disk.
Hab. Slopes of Nilgiris, 3000 feet. Ewvp. $ 68, 2 78 millim.
598. Histia albimacula, n. sp.
Histia selene, Wilk. (nec Koll.) Cat. ii, p. 413.
3 from Burma differs from that sex of flabellicornis and
nilgira in having a white patch below the end of the cell of the
hind wing between ves 2 to 4. The Q from Java has the white
band as in nélgira.
Hab. Momeit, Burma, 2000 feet (Doherty), and Java. Exp.
68 millim. Type im coll. Elwes.
599. Histia cometaris, Butl, A. M. N. H. (5) x, 1882, p. 374; C&S.
no. 59d.
3. The basal half of the hind wing black, with a very slight blue
suffusion towards the inner margin; the white band extends from
the inner margin to the cell, but does not reach the costa.
Hab. Tenasserim; E. Pegu, 3000 feet. Hap. 76 millim.
CANERCES.—PHILOPATOR. 281
Genus CANERCES.
Canerkes, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 802.
Type, CO. euschemoides, Moore.
Range. Hastern Pegu; Sylhet; Sikhim.
Palpi very minute. Legs without spurs. Fore wing with the
outer margin excised; vein 3 from the end of the cell; 4 and 5
stalked ; 6, 7, 8, and 9 stalked together, and not curved. Hind
wing broad and square; vein 6 absent.
600. Canerces euschemoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 802, pl. 42,
fiz.8; C.§ S, no. 349,
g. Antenne blue-black; head and thorax yellow, with black
markings; abdomen yellow, with black segmental bands. Fore
wing with the basal half yellow; two blue-black spots near the
Fig. 185.—Canerces euschemoides, G. +.
base, one in the cell, and a larger blue-black spot on inner margin ;
distal half of wings deep blue-black, with black streaks in the inter-
spaces; a white spot in the end of the cell, five beyond, and two
in the interno-median interspace. Hind wing yellow, with an
irregular black patch on the apex and outer margin, extending
round below the cell and enclosing three yellow spots between
veins 2 to5; vein 16 streaked with black. Underside with the
apical half of fore wing brilliant blue.
A beautiful ‘mimic’ of the Huschemas of the bellona group.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet ; E. Pegu, 1000 feet. Hap. 62 millim.
Genus PHILOPATOR.
Philopator, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 800.
Type, P. basimaculata, Moore.
Range. Sikhim to Manipur.
Wings rounded. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked, 7, 8,
and 9 stalked ; 11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with vein 6
present.
282 ZYGENIDS.
601. Philopator basimaculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 800, pl. 42,
fig. 6; C. § S. no. 360.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Fore wing with the
base yellow, edged with black and with two series of black spots on
Fig. 189.—Philopator basimaculata, G. 1.
it; the rest of the wing milky white, the veins and margins fus-
cous; two fuscous spots at the end of the cell and fuscous streaks
in each of the marginal interspaces. Hind wing similar to the
fore wing, except that there is only one black spot on the yellow
basal patch and one in the end of the cell.
gd. The wings narrower ; the outer half of both wings suffused
with fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nagas; Manipur. Hwp., ¢ 50, 2 44-58 millim.
Genus AGALOPE.
Agalope, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 437 (1854).
Type, A. hyalina, Koll.
Range. Himalayas; Burma.
Wings shorter than in Philopator; the outer margin of fore
wing more erect ; vein 11 not anastomosing with 12; veins 4 and
5 rarely from the cell.
602. Agalope hyalina, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 462.
Agalope basalis, W/k. Cat. ii, p. 458 ; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 84, fie. 5;
C. & S. no. 429.
Agalope primularis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 392; id. Il. Het. v,
pl. 84, fig. 7; C. & S. no. 431.
Agalope glacialis, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 26, pl. 84, fig.6; C. & S.
no. 450,
Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings yellowish
hyaline; fore wing with the base orange; a fuscous band across
the cell, which is sometimes continued as a waved line to near the
outer angle ; the apical marginal area fuscous ; the veins crossing
it dark; a pale spot between veins 7 and 8, and a larger one
between veins 3 and 4. Hind wing uniform yellowish hyaline.
In the var. primularis the basal orange patch to the fore wing
is generally absent ; the area below the cell is brighter yellow, and
the transverse band and apical fuscous area are more extensive.
AGALOPE.—CHELURA. 283
In glacialis the wings are whitish hyaline; the cell of the fore
wing from the orange basal patch to near the end suffused with
fuscous.
Fig. 190.—<Agalope hyalina, g. }.
Hab, Himalayas, from Simla to Sikhim; Manipur; Burma.
Exp., 6 42, 2 50 millim.
Genus CHELURA.
Chelura, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 444 (1841).
Type, C. bifasciata, Hope.
Range. The Himalayas ; Burma.
Fore wing with the apex more produced than in Agalope; the
outer margin more oblique and excised ; veins 4 and 5 on a longer
stalk ; veins 10 and 11 given off closer together.
Szor. I. Veins 4 to 9 of fore wing not much curved ; vein 6
from below the angle of cell.
603. Chelura bifasciata, Hope, Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 444; C.§ S.
no. 451.
Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black, the terminal seg-
ments of the last consisting of red-brown horny plates. Wings
Fig. 191.—Chelura bifasciata, §. }.
fuscous hyaline, the veins blackish; fore wing with the base black,
284 ZYGHNIDE.
then a subbasal orange band edged with black; an orange medial
band edged with black.
Hab. Naini Tal; Nepal; Sikhim; Assam. Zp. 90 millim.
Secr. II. Veins 4 to 9 of the fore wing much curved ; vein
6 given off close to 7.
604. Chelura eronioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 15; C. § S. no. 452.
Differs from bifasciata in the fore wing having a small white spot
on the basal black patch; the subbasal orange band present, but
not the medial orange or fuscous bands; the marginal area with
the pale patches between the fuscous-edged veins reduced to spots.
Tn one abnormal specimen vein 6 of the hind wing forks before the
margin.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 64 millim.
605. Chelura basifiava, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 891; C.§ S. no. 450;
Waterh. Ard, ii, pl. 151, fig. 3.
Differs from eroniotdes in the collar, tegule, and end of abdomen
being chestnut; the whole base of fore wing chestnut ; two fuscous
antemedial bands on a pale ground; the outer half fuscous, with
four pale spots in the cell and a series between the nervules beyond
the cell. Hind wing with the base pale; the outer area fuscous,
with a series of pale spots beyond the cell.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 68 millim.
606. Chelura glacialis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p.570; C.§ 8. no. 453.
¢$. Collar and thorax olive-brown ; the first and last segments of
abdomen olive-brown, the medial segments whitish, with a lateral
white stripe. Fore wing with the base olive-brown, followed by a
whitish-hyaline area, then an irregular fuscous band; the apical
marginal area fuscous, with pale spots in the interspaces. Hind
wing whitish hyaline, with a fuscous spot at the end of the cell, and
the outer margin fuscous.
@ with the fuscous markings on the wings much reduced.
Appears to “ mimic” Abraxas leopardina.
Hab. Sikhim; Burma. £wp. 57 millim.
Genus ELCYSMA.
Eleysma, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc, 1881, p. 4.
Type, #. westwoodi, Voll., from Japan.
Range. Japan; Naga Hills.
Fore wing as in Chelura Sect. I. Hind wing with the outer
margin produced into.a long tail between veins 3 and 7; veins 4
and 5 stalked.
BLOYSMA. 285
607. Elcysma dohertyi, Eh. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 386, pl. xxxiv, fig. 4.
3. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black. Wings fuscous
hyaline, with the veins darker. Fore wing with a small basal black
Fig. 192.—Eleysma dohertyi, 3. }.
patch, followed by a broad subbasal orange band, edged with fuscous.
On the left fore wing of the type veins 7 and 8 anastomose before
the margin.
Differs from westwood in vein 10 of fore wing being given off
much closer to the end of the cell; veins 4 and 5 of hind wing
being ona shorter footstalk, and 7 being given off from 6 just
before the margin instead of from the cell.
Hab. Nagas, 5000 feet. vp. 72 millim.
Subfamily PHAUDIN 4.
The mouthparts wanting; branches of antenne not dilated at
extremities ; antenne not flabellate at tips.
Key to the Genera,
a. Hind wing broad and rounded.
a'. Fore wing with vein 1c present, 3 and 4
stalked; 11 not anastomosing with 12. 1. Borapra, p. 286.
b’. Fore wing with vein 1 ¢ absent, 3 and 4
from the cell; 11 anastomosing with 12,
6. Hind wing long and narrow.
a’. Abdomen without tufts of hair........ 3. ALOPHOGASTER,
6’. Abdomen with short lateral and long [p. 287.
anal paired tufts of hair ..,,........ 4, PHAUDA, p. 287.
bo
. ANOMCOTES, p. 286.
286 ZYGENID A.
e. Hind wing with the outer margin produced
into a long tail, or in some females the
whole wing filamentous; frenulum | p. 288.
SOSENG cre vome ete erecta ete 5. HIMANTOPTERUS,
Genus BORADIA.
Boradia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 391.
Type, B. carneola, Moore.
Range. N.W. Himalayas.
Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; 6 from the upper angle
of the cell; 7 and 8 stalked; 9 and 11 absent. Hind wing with
all the veins from the cell, or 3 and 4 abnormally stalked. Mid
and hind tibie without spurs.
608. Boradia carneola, Moore, P. Z. S.
1879, p. 892; C. §& S. no. 366.
Antenne, head, and thorax grey ;
abdomen black. Wings uniform yel-
lowish hyaline.
Hab. Kéngra. Evp. 36 millim.
Fig. 193.
Boradia carneola, 3. 1}.
Genus ANOMCOTES.
Anomeeotes, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. C, fig. 5, Erkl. Het. p. 1 (1874).
Akesina, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 895.
Type, A. levis, Feld., from Natal.
Range. Kangra; Natal; Angola.
Antenne bipectinated. Mid and hind tibize without spurs.
Fore wing with vein 1 ¢ absent, 6 from near the middle of cell, 7
and 8 stalked, 9 and 10 absent, 11 anastomosing with 12.
609. Anomeotes basalis, Moore, P. Z. 8.
1888, p. 396; Butl. Ill. Het.
Vii, p: 28, pl. Cxxi, shed) Ci GuSs
no. 491 B.
¢. Antenne fuscous; head, thorax,
and abdomen pale fulvous. Base of
Fig. 194 wings fulvous, the remainder semidia-
Anomeotes basalis, g. }. Pphanous, fuscous. ine
Hab. Kangra. Ep. 28 millim.
ALOPHOGASTER.—PHAUDA. 237
Genus ALOPHOGASTER, nov.
Type, A. rubribasis, Hmpsn.
Range. Naga Hills.
Antenne bipectinated, with short branches. Fore wing with
all the veins from the cell. Hind wing long and narrow. Ab-
domen without tufts of hair. Tibiz without spurs.
610. Alophogaster rubribasis, n. sp.
¢. Antenne black; head,
thorax, and abdomen scarlet, the
last with black bands on the
segments above. Wings semi-
diaphanous fuscous ; fore wings
Fig. 195. with the base scarlet; the rest of
Alophogaster rubribasis, $. }- the wing with purple tints in a
side light.
Hab, Naga Hills. Exp. 27 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus PHAUDA.
Phauda, Wik, Cat. i, p. 256 (1854).
Type, P. flammans, W1k.
Range. China; North India; Java; Sumatra.
Antenne with short bipectinations ‘in the male, simple in ae
female. Wings very long and narrow ; fore wing with the apex
rounded and outer margin very oblique ; hind wing with vein 6
from near the middle of discocellulars. Mid and hind tibiee with
minute terminal pairs of spurs. Abdomen with lateral tufts of
hair on all except the first two segments, and a pair of long anal
tufts in the male.
Secr. I. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 arising from the cell.
611. Phauda flammans, Wik. Cat. i, p. 257; C. § S. no. 284;
Bull. Il. Het. i, p. 20; pl. 9, ig. 2.
Antenne black, with white
tips; head and thorax scarlet ;
abdomen black, sparsely covered
with scarlet hairs and with thick
scarlet lateral tufts, a pair of
long, black, anal tufts in the
fé , male. Fore wing scarlet; a
‘S large, rounded, black patch on
Fig. 196. outer margin. ‘Hind wing semi-
Phauda flammans, 8. }. diavhanous ; the basal area
1ed lish, the outer area blackish.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim;.Burma. Hwp., 3 34, 9 30 millim.
288 ZYGENIDA.
Sxcr. II. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 stalked.
612. Phauda fuscalis, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon., ined.
2. The wings fuscous, with only the base of fore wing red.
Hab. Assam. Exp. 43 millim.
Genus HIMANTOPTERUS.
Himantopterus, Westmael, Bull. Acad. Brux. i, p. 162 (1886).
Thymara, Doubleday, Zoologist, i, p. 197 (1848).
Type, H. fuscinervis, Westm., from Java.
Range. Africa; Assam; 8. India; Burma; Java.
The antenne bipectinated in the male, serrated in the female.
Mid and hind tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Frenu-
lum absent. Wings covered with hair-like scales; the neuration
varies so much that a genus might be made
Z7—) for each species; the hind wing narrow
<< and terminating in a long tail, in the
females of some of the species filiform
throughout. The neuration of hind wing
much aborted; the costal and internal
veins, when present, anastomose for some
distance with the subcostal and median,
which meet toward the end of the broad
part of the wing to form the cell.
Np Me They are degraded forms which have
a re ak “rus arisen from an ancestral type; the veinlet
a FS ee in the cell and vein 1c of fore wing being
more or less developed, show that they belong to the Zygenide,
and the absence of mouthparts places them in the subfamily
Phaudine near Pryeria, while on the other hand they are allied to
the Psychide.
613. Himantopterus dohertyi, Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 332,
pl. x, figs. 1-7.
go. Fuscous; the collar and end of abdomen orange. Fore wing
with the disk diaphanous ; veins 4 and 5 from the lower angle of
the cell, 10 and 11 absent. Hind wing with the basal part orange,
the distal portion and tail black, with a few yellowish hairs at tip ;
neuration less aborted than the other members of the genus, 8
veins being present.
2. The thorax ochreous: the whole of fore wing diaphanous ;
hind wing filiform throughout, but with the neuration as in male.
Hab. Naga Hills, 5000 feet. Ewp., ¢ 24, 9 34 millim.
614. Himantopterus caudatus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 894; 0. § S.
no. 458; Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, pl. x, figs. 9, 11.
Differs from dohertyi in the disk of the fore wing being red-
dish ; veins 4 and 5 stalked and 10 present. Hind wing broader
and orange, with a round black spot below the costa and another
near the anal angle; the tail black; veins 1 and 3 absent.
Hab. Nilgiris and Wynaad, 3000 feet; Burma. zp. ¢
20 millim.
PSYCHID E. 289
615. Himantopterus zaida, Doubleday, Zoologist, i, p. 197; Elwes,
Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, pl. x, figs. 8, 10; C. § S. no. 459.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous. Fore wing ochreous,
with the veins and margins black. Hind wing broader than in
caudatus and ochreous, with two similar black spots and the tail
black; veins 1, 3, and 4 absent.
Hab. Khasi Hills. Zap. 20 millim.
The following species formerly recorded as Indian are omitted.
Debos iratus, Swinh., C. & S. no. 277, is probably a Tinea.
Dhroptis perdica, Cram., C. & 8. no. 350, Geometer from Amboina.
Codane leucomelas, Moore, C. & S. no. 442, is from Siam.
The genus Chatamla, Moore, C. &S8. nos. 426, 427, 428, belongs
to the Epiplemide.
Atossa neleinna, Moore, C. & 8. no. 457, belongs to the Uraniide.
C. & S. nos. 351-359 form the family Epicopiide.
Family PSYCHID.
The larve feed in a case composed of a
silk lining with twigs, grass, and bits of
leaves or vegetable matter attached to the
outside. The pupa is formed inside the
larva-case. The perfect female also lives in
the case and is devoid of legs, wings, antenne,
and mouth-parts (being thus merely a
vermiform ege-sac); the three thoracic
segments bear corneous dorsal plates. In
the genera Biyugis and Fumea, however,
the antenne are articulated. Copulation
takes place by the male alighting on the
case and inserting his protrusible abdomen
between the case and the ventral surface of
the female ; in /umea the female comes out
of the case for copulation. Parthenogenesis
is known to be the normal method of re-
production in Apterona helix, but it is ex-
tremely doubtful if it often occurs in other
species of Psychide.
The males have the antenne bipectinated
(or serrate in the genus Apterona); the
proboscis, palpi, and ocelliabsent. Fore wing
Fig. 198.—Larva of ; 3 :
Cha pe with two internal nervures, 1 6 being forked
* at the base ; a single or forked veinlet in the
cell. Hind wing with a frenulum and three internal nervures.*
* After the Psychide would follow the Solenobia section of the Tineide, if the
Heterocera could be arranged in a linear series,
VOL. I. U
290 PSYCHID A,
Key to the Subfamilies.
a. Fore wing with veins 16 and ¢ anastomosing.
a. Fore wing with vein 10 sending several
branches to inner margin ............ 1. Geeticine.
b'. Fore wing with vein 1 6 sending no branch
LOMNNED Mareine ye Cie eee ker ae 3. Chaliine.
b. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and c anastomosing
or separate.
a’. Fore wing with vein 16 sending one
branch to inner margin.............. 2. Psychine.
c. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and c separate; 16
sending no branch to inner margin.
a. Hind tibize with one pair of spurs...... 5. Psychoidine.
b'. Hind tibie with two pairs of spurs...... 4, Canephorine.
Subfamily GACETICIN A, H.-S.
Fore wing with vein 1 ¢ anastomosing with 1 6, which emits
several branches to the inner margin; a forked veinlet in the cell
of both wings.
Key to the Genera.
a. Antenne bipectinate to two-thirds length;
abdomen long; wings long and narrow.... 1. CicrTicus, p. 290.
6. Antenne bipectinate to tip; abdomen shorter ;
wings broader and shorter.
Gi Ore tibia wiuhva Spine Merete ae 2. CLANIA, p. 291.
b'. Fore tibia without a spine .............. 3, AMATISSA, p. 292.
Genus (CETICUS.
Oiketicus, Lands. Guild. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv, p. 875 (1827).
Dappula, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 105 (1883).
Type, O. kirby, L. Guild., from Central America.
Range. Central and S. America; China; Ceylon; Australia.
3. Antenne bipectinated to two-thirds length; the wings long
and straight ; the abdomen extending far beyond the anal angle.
Fore tibia with a very long spine.
616. Wceticus tertius, Zempl. Trans. Ent. Soc. v, 1847, p. 89, pl. v,
figs. 1-5 (larva-case ).
Oiketicus tem pletonii, Westw. P. Z. S, 1854, p. 284; C. § S. no. 492.
Fig. 199.— Keeticus tertius, 3. 4.
3. Head and thorax greyish black; abdomen fuscous. Fore
(CETICUS.—CLANIA. 297
wing greyish fuscous; the veins streaked with brown; a black
patch at end of cell; a black streak beyond the end of cell; a dark
patch at base of inner margin. Hind wing greyish fuscous; the
veins streaked with brown.
Larva-case covered with minute comminuted fragments of
vegetable matter.
Hab. Hongkong; Ceylon. wp. 36 millim.
Genus CLANIA.
Clania, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 963 (1855).
Eumeta, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 964 (1855).
Cryptothelea, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 970 (1855).
Lansdownia, Heyl, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxv, 1881, p. 66.
Type, C. lewini, Westw., from Australia.
Range. Centr. America; Africa; Japan; Formosa; India and
Ceylon; Borneo; Java; Celebes; Australia; Duke of York Island.
g. Antenne bipectinated to tips; abdomen shorter than in
ceticus. Wings large and broad: fore wing with veins 4 and 5
stalked, 6 present, Sand 9 stalked; hind wing with vein 8 sending
branches to the costa. Fore tarsus with the terminal joint long ;
tibia with a long spine.
617. Clania crameri, Westw. P. Z. 8.1854, p. 236; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 118, figs. 1, 1 a (larva-case); C. § S. no. 490.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with light and dark
brown hair. Fore wing red-brown, the veins streaked with black ;
the interspaces with pale streaks; more or less fuscous suffusion
on outer area. Hind wing smoky brown. Wings rather short
and broad.
Larva-case formed of longitudinally arranged twigs.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 30 millim.
618. Clania variegata, Snell. Tijd. Ent. xxii, 1879, p. 114.
Eumeta layardii, Moore, Lep.Ceyl. ii, p. 102, pl. 118, figs. 2, 2a (larva-
case); C. & S. no. 491.
Fig. 200.—Clania vartegata, S. 1.
3. Differs from crameri in the wings being longer, the apex of
fore wing more produced and pointed; fore wing with the pale
v2
292 PSYCHID #.
streaks in the interspaces more prominent. The form sekkima is
darker.
The number and position of the branches between vein 16 of
the fore wing and the inner margin, and also between vein 8 of
the hind wing and the costa, are very variable; a bar between
veins 7 and 8 of the hind wing towards the apex is sometimes
developed in addition to the one at centre of cell; these variations
occurring in specimens from the same locality.
Hab. Shanghai; Canara; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Borneo; Celebes.
Eup. 40-42 millim.
Genus AMATISSA.
Amatissa, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 188 (1862).
Bambalina, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 103 (1888).
Kophene, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 72 (1879).
Type, A. consorta, Templ.
Range. Caleutta; Ceylon; Borneo.
Fore tibia without a spine; the terminal joint of tarsus long.
Antenne plumose. Fore wing with vein 16 sending two spurs to
inner margin and anastomosing with 1¢; veins 8 and 9 stalked; a
forked vemlet in the cell, the lower branch sending a spur to
median nervure. Hind wing with vein 6 absent; 8 connected
with 7 by a bar and not sending spurs to the costa; a forked
veinlet in cell.
619. Amatissa consorta, Templ. Trans. Ent. Soc. v, 1847, p. 40, pl. v,
fies. 6, 7, (larva-case) ; C. & S. no. 489.
Amatissa inornata, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 138.
¢. Head, thorax, abdomen, and
IX fore wing uniform dark brown.
ih Larva-case covered with minute
comminuted fragments of vegetable
matter.
Hab. Colombo, Ceylon; Borneo.
Fig. 201.—Amatissa consorta,$. 3. Exp. 28 millim.
520 Amatissa cuprea, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 72; C. § S. no, 497.
¢. Uniform bright brown with a slight golden tinge.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 24 millim.
Subfamily PSYCHIN#, H.-S.
Fore wing with veins 16 and ¢ anastomosing or remaining
separate; 16 emitting a single branch to inner margin ; the vein-
lets in the cell single or forked. Fore tibiw with or without a
spine; hind legs shorter than fore legs; tibie with no spurs or
with a minute terminal pair.
ACANTHOPSYCHE. 293
Key to Genera and Subgenera.
y
A. Fore tibia with a long spine...... I. ACANTHOPSYCHE, p. 293.
a. Fore wing with veins 16 and ¢
anastomosing.
a'. Hind wing with the cell closed.
a. Vein 6 absent in both wings.. (1) CicETicorpEs, p. 293.
6°. Fore wing vein 6 present;
hind wing vein 6 absent.... (2) Dasararwa, p. 294,
ce’. Fore wing vein 6 absent;
hind wing vein 6 present.... (3) BracHycyrrarus,p. 295,
d*, Vein 6 present in both wings . (5) Murisa, p. 296.
b'. Hind wing with the cell open... (4) PrERoma, p. 296.
6. Fore wing with veins 16 and e¢
separate. BG Giese ear RE mele (6) AmictTa, p. 297.
B. Fore tibia without a spine ...... If. Psycue, p. 297.
a. Fore wing with veins10 and c
_anastomosing.
. Vein 6 present in both wings .. (1) ManaTua, p. 298.
ra Fore wing vein 6 present ; “hind
wing vein 6 absent .......... (2) Heyiarrrsta, p. 298.
. Fore w ing vein 6 absent; hind
wing vein 6 present.......... (3) CHALIOIDES, p. 299.
Vein 6 absent in both wings .. (4) Eurycyrrarus, p. 299.
b, ane wing with veins 1d and ¢ not
anastomosing sfarstresvceeaten, alot onshegeye (5) Baranpra, p. 300.
Genus ACANTHOPSYCHE.
Acanthopsyche, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1881, p. 66.
g. Antenne bipectinated to tips, the branches diminishing in
length from the middle. ore tibiz with a very long spine.
ubgenus ECETICOIDES.,
Oiketicoides, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1881, p. 66.
Type, @. inquinata, Led., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; India; Ceylon; Australia.
3. Fore wing with vein le anastomosing with 16; vein 6
absent in both wings. Hind wing with a bar between veins 7
and 8.
Sect. I. Veins 4 and 5 of both wings stalked. Fore
wing with vein 7 from cell.
621. Acanthopsyche (Geeticordes) bipars, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 406
C.&§ S. no. 866.
do. Head, thorax, and abdomen
f black, clothed with white hairs.
j Fore wing hyaline, the basal area
smoky black; veins and margins
narrowly black. Hind wing with
the basal two-thirds smoky black ;
Fig. 202.— Keeticoides bipars, 3. }. the marginal area hyaline ; the
veins and margins narrowly black,
Hab. Bombay, xp. 18-28 millim.
994 PSYCHID®.
*622. Acanthopsyche (@ceticoides) elwesi, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg.
1890, p. xi.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with greyish-black hair ;
legs black, the tarsi yellowish. Wings uniform greyish black ;
fore wing with apex rounded ; veinlet in cell single. Hind wing
rounded, the upper part of the cell much shorter than the lower.
Hab. Ganjam. Exp. 18 millim.
Srcr. II. Veins 4 and 5 of both wings from the cell. Fore
wing with vein 7 stalked with 8 and 9.
623. Acanthopsyche (@ceticordes) cana, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.,
pl. 19, fig. 21, pl. 176, fig. 8 (larva-case).
3. Head white; thorax and abdomen pale ochreous brown ;
wings greyish fuscous.
Larva-case rather smooth, covered with comminuted vegetable
scales and fibres.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Hep. 24 millim.
Sect. IIL. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 from cell,
7 from below angle of cell.
*624, Acanthopsyche (@ceticoides) minor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 73;
C. & S. no. 498,
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pilose. Wings covered with
minute scales ; pale cupreous brown, palest below.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 15 millim.
Subgenus DASARA THA.
Dasaratha, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 396.
Type, D. himalayana, Moore.
Range. Punjab.
$. Fore wing with veins 16 and ¢ anastomosing; vein 6
present; hind wing with vein 6 absent; a bar between veins 7
and 8. The veinlet in the celi of both wings forked.
625. Acanthopsyche (Dasaratha) himalayana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888,
p. 897; C. G&S. no. 497 a.
3. Nearly uniform dark brown; the head and thorax rather
darkest. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked; 4 and 5 from cell
in both wings.
Hab. Dharmsala, Punjab. xp. 18 millim.
626. Acanthopsyche (Dasaratha) longicauda, Warren, P. Z, 8. 1888,
p- 299; C. § S. no. 491 a.
3. Head, thorax,and abdomen pale ochreous grey; antenne
ACANTHOPSYCHE. 995
brownish ; terminal segments of abdomen with a very long tuft of
brownish hair. Wings hyaline, with a few ochreous and fuscous
2s GB
Se’
So &
Fig. 203.
1. Acanthopsyche (Dasaratha) himalayana.
2. A. (Pteroma) plagiophleps.
3. A. (Brachycyttarus) subteralbata.
4, A. (Metisa) plana.
5. A. (Amicta) rhabdophora.
scales; fore wing with the costa brown; vein 7 from the cell; both
wings with veins 4 and 5 stalked.
Larva-case covered with pieces of straw placed longitudinally.
Hab. Campbellpur. Hep. 31 millim.
Subgenus BRACHY CYTTARUS.
Brachycyttarus, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, B. subteralbatus, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
$. Fore wing with veins 16 and c anastomosing ; the cell very
short; veins 4 and 5 stalked; 6 absent; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind
wing somewhat triangular in shape, with the upper part of the cell
short; a bar between veins 7 and 8.
627. Acanthopsyche (Brachycyttarus) subteralbata, Hmpsn. Lil.
Het. ix, ined., pl. 159, fig. 23, pl. 176, fig. 12 (larva-case).
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Wings dark
brown; the underside of hind wing shining bluish white.
Larva-case covered by comminuted leaves and suspended by a
silken thread.
Hab. Colombo, Ceylon. Hap. 15 millim,
296 PSYCHIDA.
Subgenus PTEROMA.
Pteroma, Ampsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, P. plagiophleps, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
3. The branches of antenne long. Fore wing with veins 16
and ¢ anastomosing; veins 6 and 7 absent; 8 and 9 stalked; 11
anastomosing shortly with 12. Hind wing more rounded than in
Brachycyttarus ; the cell open; vem 6 absent; a bar between 7
and 8.
628. Acanthopsyche (Pteroma) plagiophleps, Himpsn. Ill. Het. ix,
ined., pl. 159, fig. 19, pl. 176, fig. 15 (larva-case).
3g. Uniforra pale brown; the underside of hind wing bluish
white.
Larva-case suspended by a long silken thread; both case and
thread covered with comminuted fragments of leaves.
Hah. Nawala-pittia, Ceylon. wp. 16 millim.
Subgenus METISA.
Metisa, Wik. Cat. iv. p. 957 (1855).
Babula, Moore, J. A. 8. B. lix, pt. 2, p. 262 (1890).
Type, WZ. plana, W1k.
Range. India and Ceylon.
3. Fore wing with veins 1% and ¢ anastomosing; vein 6
present. Hind wing with vein 6 present, 8 coincident with 7 to
end of cell.
629. Acanthopsyche (Metis) plana, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 958; C. & S.
no. 494; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 118, fig. 9
3. Head pale brown ; thorax and abdomen black-brown, almost
bare of scales. Wings very pale brown.
Hab. Colombo, Ceylon. xp. 16 millim.
630. aceathopeyche (Metisa) moorei, Heyl. Bull. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1890,
Babuls grotei, Moore, J. A. S. B. lix, pt. 2, p. 262,
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown; wings coppery
brown. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and 9 stalked.
Hab. Calcutta; Bangalore. Exp. 16-20 millim.
*631. Acanthopsyche (JMetisa?) snelleni, Heyl. Bull. Soc. Ent, Belg.
1890, p. 3.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown; wings yellowish
brown, the veins darker; fore wing with the apex produced ;
veins 8 and 9 stalked.
Larva-case grey, formed of comminuted vegetable matter.
Hab, Assam. Exp. 22 millim.
ACANTHOPSYCHE.—PSYCHE. 297
Subgenus AMICTA.
Amicta, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent, Belg. 1881, p. 66.
Type, A. quadrangularis, Christ., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Turkestan; Ceylon; Java.
Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ separate. The typical section
has vein 6 of both wings absent.
Secr. II. The cell of both wings short; fore wing with vein 6
present ; veins 7, 8, 9, and 10 stalked.
632. Acanthopsyche (Amicta) rhabdophora, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix,
ined., pl. 159, fig. 22, pl. 176, figs. 10, 10a, 6, c, d (larva-case).
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Fore wing smoky black,
the base whitish. Hind wing pure white.
Larva-case formed of comminuted fragments of vegetable matter,
that of the male rougher and suspended by along thread, whilst the
case of the female is smoother and without a thread.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Hap. 14 millim.
Genus PSYCHE.
Psyche, Schrank, Fauna Boica, ii, 2 Abth. p. 87 (1802).
g. Antenne bipectinated to tips, the branches short or long.
Fore tibia with no spine. Fore wing with 10 to 12 veins; veins
1 6 and ¢ anastomosing or separate. Hind wing with 7 or 8 veins.
As 5
Fig. 204.
1. Psyche (Manatha) albipes. 4, P. (Hurycyttarus) pileata.
2. P. (Chalioides) vitrea. 5. P. (Barandra) fumata.
3. P. (Heylaertsia) griseata.
298 PSYCHID &.
Subgenus MANATHA.
Manatha, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 346 (1877).
Type, M. albipes, Moore.
Range. Ceylon.
6. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ anastomosing, 4 and 5 and
8 and 9 stalked; vein 6 from near upper angle of cell. Hind
wing with vein 6 present ; a bar between veins 7 and 8.
In the subgenus Megalophanes, Heyl., type viciella, Den. and
Schiff., vein 6 of the fore wing arises from near the lower angle of
cell.
633. Psyche (Manatha) albipes, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 347;
id. Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 118, figs. 4, 4 a (larva-case): C. § S. no. 493.
3g. Uniform dark brown; the tarsi pure white.
Larva-case covered with comminuted vegetable matter.
Hab. Colombo, Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.
Subgenus HEYLAERTSIA, nov.
Type, H. griseata, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
¢. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ anastomosing ; vein 6 present,
8 and 9 stalked ; a forked veinlet in cell. Hind wing with vein 6
absent ; a bar between veins 7 and 8; veinlet in cell single.
634. Psyche (Heylaertsia) griseata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159,
ig. 15.
36. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Fore wing dark
brown, with a bluish-grey patch powdered with brown scales
between the lower angle of the cell and outer angle. Hind wing
blue-grey, powdered with brown scales; the apex and cilia brown.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Hap. 26 millim.
635. Psyche (Heylaertsia) fusca, Hmpsn. Til. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159,
fig. 14, pl. 176, fig. 16 (larva-case).
g. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings uniform dark brown.
Larva-case rather short and formed of short pieces of stick
arranged transversely in a quadrangle.
Hab. Hewahetta, Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.
636. Psyche (Heylaertsia) nudilineata, Himpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.,
pl. 159, fig. 4.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Fore wing pale
brown, with three indistinct oblique bands, devoid of scales—medial,
PSYCHE. 299
postmedial, and submarginal. Hind wing still paler, with traces of
similar bands.
Hab. Nawala-pittia, Ceylon. Hvp. 20 millim.
Subgenus CHA LIOIDES,
Chalioides, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, C. vitrea, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ anastomosing ; 4 and 5 stalked ;
6 absent; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing with vein 6 present; a
bar between veins 7 and 8. Forked veinlets in the cell of each
wing. Wings rather long and acute.
637. Psyche (Chalioides) vitrea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159,
fig. 15.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with grey-brown pile.
Wings perfectly hyaline, the margins very narrowly black.
Hab. Kandy, Ceylon. xp, 28 millim.
Subgenus EHURYCYTTARUS.
Eurukuttarus, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 66 (1891).
Type, #. pileatus, Hmpsn.
Range. Kashmir; Nilgiris; Ceylon.
Vein 6 of both wings absent. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢
anastomosing. Hind wing with a bar between veins 7 and 8.
Veinlets in the cell of both wings single.
Sect. I. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and 9 from angle of cell ;
8 and 9 stalked.
638. Psyche (Hurycyttarus) pileata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii. p. 66,
pl. 144, fig. 13.
g. Uniform brownish fuscous; the thorax, abdomen, and base
of wings rather paler.
Hab. Nilgiris, 8. slopes, 3000 ft. Hep. 20 millim.
639. Psyche (Lurycyttarus) nigra, n. sp.
g. Uniform deep black-brown ; apex of fore wing rounded.
Hab. Kala, Kashmir (McArthur). Hap. 17 millim. Type in
coll. Leech.
Szcr. II. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 from angle of cell ;
9 from before the angle.
640. Psyche (Hurycyttarus) rotunda, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.,
pl. 159, fig. 16, pl. 176, fig. 11 (larva-case).
3g. Differs from pileata in the wings being broader and more
rounded,
300 PSYCHID®.
Larva-case rough and covered with scales of bark on the upper
part, with stalks and fibres on the lower, overlapping each other
like tiles.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Hp. 18 millim.
Secr. IIT. Fore wing with vein 8 absent.
641. Psyche (Zurycyttarus) decemvena, n. sp.
3g. Uniform dark brown; fore wing with the outer margin
rather straight and erect.
Hab. Kiris and Gurais Valley, Kashmir, 8000 ft. (Leech).
Exp. 17 millim. Type in coll. Leech.
Subgenus BARANDRA.
Barandra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 396.
Type, B. fumata, Moore.
Range. N.W. Himalayas.
g. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ not anastomosing ; vein 6
absent; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing with vein 6 absent; a bar
between 7 and 8. Veinlets in the cell of both wings single.
642. Psyche (Barandra) fumata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p.396; C. 8.
no. 491 c.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; the pro- and meso-
thorax dark; metathorax with two dark posterior spots. Wings
uniform pale brown.
Hab. Dharmsdla. Hp. 22 millim.
Subfamily CHALIIN A, nov.
Fore wing with veins 1 } and ¢ anastomosing and not sending
any branches to inner margin. _Veinlets in cell of both wings
single or forked. Hind tibize with no spurs.
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore tibia with a long spine.
a, Hind wing with veins 5 and 8absent.... 1. Cuatta, p. 301.
b'. Hind wing with veins 5 and 8 present .. 2. Manasena, p. 301.
6. Fore tibia without aspime .............. 3. PrERoxys, p. 302.
CHALIA.—MAHASENA. 301
Genus CHALIA.
Chalia, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 345 (1877).
Type, C. doubledayi, Westw.
Range. Ceylon.
3. Antenne with the branches decreasing to tip. Fore tibia
with a very long spine. Wings broad and rounded; fore wing
with 12 veins; hind wing with veins 5 and 8 absent; veinlets in
cell single.
643. Chalia doubledayi, Westw. P. Z. 8. 1854, p. 235; C. § S. no. 495;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 118, figs. 5, 5a (larva-case).
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with grey pile. Wings
perfectly hyaline.
Larva-case formed of longitudinally arranged twigs.
Hab. Colombo, Ceylon. Lap. 20 millim.
&
-.
a
Fig. 205.
1. Chalia doubleday?. 2. Pteroxys goniatus. 3. Mahasena hockingi.
Genus MAHASENA.
Mahasena, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 601.
Type, M. andamana, Moore.
Range. N.W. Himalayas; Andamans.
g. Antenne with the branches decreasing to tip. Fore tibia
with a very long spine. Wings longer than in Chalia; fore wing
with 12 veins; hind wing with 8 veins; the veinlets in the cell
forked.
644, Mahasena andamana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 602, pl. 59, fig. 4;
C. & S. no. 496,
3g. Antenne and legs brownish fuscous; head, thorax, and
abdomen deep fuscous. Wings smoky brown, deep fuscous
towards base ; hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from cell; the fork of
veinlets in the cell of both wings long.
Hab. Andamans. wp. 26 millim.
302 PSYCHID &.
645. Mahasena hockingi, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 897; Budtl. IU.
Het, vii, pl. 121, fig. 5; C. § S. no. 496 a.
6. Very dark red-brown ; the hairs on thorax and abdomen
blackish ; hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; the fork of the
veinlets in the cell of both wings short.
Hab. Kangra. ep. 32 millim.
Genus PTEROXYS.
Pteroxys, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, P. goniatus, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
3g. Antenne with the branches long and plumose. Fore tibia
without a spine. Wings long and narrow. Tore wing with veins
1 6 and c anastomosing ; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing with a bar
between veins 7 and 8. Veinlets in the cell of both wings forked.
Sxct. I. Vein 6 absent in both wings.
646. Pteroxys goniatus, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 150, fig. 20,
pl. 176, fig. 14 (larva-case).
$. Uniform brownish fuscous; the apices of both wings
pointed.
Larva-case formed of comminuted fragments of vegetable matter.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. wp. 12 millim.
Secor. IT. Vein 6 present in both wings.
647. Pteroxys uniformis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159, fig. 17,
pl. 176, fig. 15 (larva-case).
g. Uniform dark brown ; the apices of the wings less acute.
Larva-case very short and formed of small pieces of twigs
arranged transversely in a quadrangle.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. wp. 14 millim.
Subfamily CANEPHORIN #, Heyl.
3. Fore wing with veins 14 and ¢ not anastomosing; 14 not
giving off a branch. Hind tibiz with two pair of spurs.
Genus MOFFATIA.
Moffatia, Moore, J. A. S. B. lix, pt. 2, p. 263 (1890).
Type, M. plumicauda, Moore.
Range. Kunawar.
Antenne plumose; abdomen with very long lateral tufts of
hair from base to apex. Fore wing with vein 1 ¢ not anastomosing
with 1 6; veins 4 and 5 on a short stalk; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind
wing with vein 6 absent; 8 connected with 7 by a bar; veinlet
in cell of both wings single.
MOFFATIA.—APRATA. 303
648. Moffatia plumicauda, Moore, J. A. S. B. lix, pt. 2, p. 264.
= S$. Dark greyish black, the tufts
Es on abdomen black. Wings hyaline,
with scattered hair-like scales ; mar-
gins rather broadly black ; veins black.
y Hab. Upper Kunawar. Hap. 24
millim.
Fig. 206. melas plumi-
cauda, S. i.
Subfamily PSYCHOIDIN A, Hey.
3. Fore wing with veins 1 6 and ¢ not anastomosing, 1 ¢ very
slight ; 1 6 not giving off a branch. Hind tibie with a single
pair of spurs.
Key to the Genera.
a. Antenne bipectinated: tibiz with the spurs
Git? Gop bo pean dcmonomoboloes FBmasodoa nee 1. DiaBasis, p. 303.
b. Antenne not pectinated but roughly scaled :
tibiee with the spurs minute .............. 2, APRATA, p. 303.
Genus DIABASIS.
Diabasis, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1881, p. 67.
Type, D. helicinoides, Heyl., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Nilgiris.
g. Antenne bipectinated, the branches very far apart and
slightly swollen at extremities. Wings elongated. Hind legs
longer than fore legs, the tibiz with a pair of long terminal spurs.
649. Diabasis nilgirensis.
Bijugis sikkimensis, Heyl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1890, p.2 (nom.
inept.).
3g. Fore wing with veins 6 and 106
absent; 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 stalked, 8 absent; veinlets in
cell in both wings forked. Head, thorax,
and fore wing pale reddish brown; abdomen
and hind wing brownish ochreous. Fore
tibia with a long spine.
a re ee Hab. Nilgiri plateau, 7000 ft. Exp. 16
ae millim.
Genus APRATA.
Aprata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 106 (1883).
Type, A. mackwoodi, Moore.
Range. Ceylon.
Antenne covered with rough scales; fore tibia without a spur ;
hind tibia with one pair of minute spurs. Fore wing broad and
304 COSSID A.
rounded; all the veins present; veins 8 and 9 stalked; a forked
veinlet in cell of both wings. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 ona
short stalk ; all the veins present; 8 connected with 7 by a bar.
= __ 650. Aprata mackwoodi, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
~ ZZ p. 107, pl. 118, fig. 8; C. & S. no. 487.
= $. Uniform bright dark brown; abdo-
~ & SS men covered with yellow hair, the terminal
SS segment with a silky grey tuft.
Fig. 208.—Aprata mack- Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.
woodi, d. +.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Aprata thwaitesi, Moore, C. & 8. no. 488, isa Tinea probably allied
to Hustiaxis.
Rasicota albescens, Moore, J. A. S. B. 1890, lix, pt. 2, p. 263.
Type lost; description unrecognizable.
Fumea? limulus, Rogenh. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. xxxix, Sitzungsb.
p- 60, is a Tinea.
Family COSSID:.
Proboscis absent; palpi usually minute or absent; antenne
bipectinated to tip or with distal half simple in both sexes, or
wholly simple in female. Tuibize with spurs absent or minute.
Fore wing with vein 1% forked at base; 1 ¢ present; an areole
formed by veins 7 and 10; veins 7 and 8 forking after the areole ;
the inner margin usually more or less lobed. Hind wing with three
internal veins; vein 8 free from the base or connected with 7
by an erect bar at end of cell. Both wings with forked veinlets
incell, The female may have as many as nine bristles to the
frenulum.
Larva. Smooth, with a few hairs ; internal feeders, boring gal-
leries in wood or the pith of reeds &c. and often doing considerable
damage.
Pupe ina cocoon formed of silk and chips of wood.*
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with no bar between veins
7 and 8.
a'. Wings broad ; tibie with spurs .... 1. Cossus, p. 305.
b'. Wings long and narrow; tibie
without spurs.
a’, Palpi present.
a, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
* After the Oosside would follow the Alavona section of the Tineide, if the
Heterocera could be arranged in a linear series.
COSSUS. 305
given ofl separately; antennze
Simiployiny Oe sentient lela: 2. DuomiTvs, p. 307.
63, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
from a point.
a‘, Palpi minute; antenne with
proximal half bipectinated in
othiSexesyryyavrsctcustaec sels 3. AZYGOPHLEPS, p. 309.
6*. Palpi with 3rd joint large.
Hind wing with veins 6 and
7 stalked; antennee of ¢
bipectinated to tips ........ 6, Eremocossts, p. 313.
WL Lehillen MISES: Bele on sobos wooo noe 5, PHRAGMATZCIA, p. 312.
6. Hind wing with a bar between veins
@ GG! 8 oaScgdeo sopecooepooeond do 4, ZEuzERA, p. 310,
Genus COSSUS.
Cossus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, pt. 1, p. 3 (1794).
Brachylia, Feld. Reis. Nov. Lep. Atl. pl. 82, fig. 7, Erk. p. 2 (1867).
Type, C. ligniperda, Fabr., from Europe.
Range. Universally distributed.
Palpi slight and flattened in tront of face ; antenne of male with
the branches short, of female simple; mid tibie with one, hind tibize
with two pairs of minute spurs.
Fore wing with vein 11 given off from the subcostal nervure.
Hind wing with vein 8 free from the base ; the wings broad ; the
veinlets in cell with a short fork. ;
Secr. I. Fore wing with vein 6 from angle of cell; the
antenne of male bipectinate to tip.
651. Cossus acronyctoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 411, pl. 34, fig. 4
C, & S. no. 1584,
Cossus cashmirensis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 86; C. § S. no. 1583.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Fore wing brown,
the outer half evenly striated with fine lines over its whole surface.
Hind wing with faint reticulations.
The form cashmirensis has some of the striz of the fore wing
coalescing into somewhat prominent lines, the best marked being
one across end of cell, one beyond the cell from veins 6 to 3, and
one from the costa before the apex, but these are somewhat
variable.
2. Greyer; the base of fore wing fuscous.
Hab. Kashmir; Ganjam; Bombay; Mhow; Nilgiris. vp.
36-53 millim.
652. Cossus nigromaculatus, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen blackish brown. Fore wing with
the inner margin deeply angled near the base; colour brown,
greyish towards the costa ; a black blotch on the costa near the base ;
VOL, I. x
306 COSSIDE,
a small blotch above centre of cell; a large, very irregular, black
blotch beyond the cell from the costa to vein 1 ¢ extending along
vein 3 towards outer margin; an apical black blotch; the outer
half of wing reticulated with fine black lines. Hind wing pale.
Hab. Nilgiris, 8000 ft. (Minchin). Hep. 66 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
Sect. II. Vein 6 of fore wing given off above the angle of cell.
653. Cossus cadambz, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 822; C. § S. no. 1582.
6. Head, thorax, and fore
wing dull brown; the last with
two indistinct dark lines across
the end of the cell, and two from
near the base of vein 2 to inner
margin; a dark postmedial line
from costa to vein 2, with some
: indistinct strige beyond it; a
Fig. 209.—Cossus cadambe, §. 3. similar submarginal line with
indistinct strige beyond it.
Abdomen and hind wing paler; the latter with some faint strigz
towards outer margin.
Hab. Calcutta. Hap. 52 millim.
Secr. III. Male with the antenne serrated at tip, the branches of
the proximal half longer. Fore wing with the areole much
larger.
654. Cossus parvipunctus, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Fore wing brown, with
a few indistinct dark specks round the end of cell, and three more
prominent specks above the centre of vein 1 6. Hind wing paler
brown.
Hab. Naga Hills, 1500 ft., Oct. (Doherty). Exvp.52millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
655. Cossus pallidale, n. sp.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing
white, slightly suffused with rufous, especially in the cell; numer-
ous wavy rufous striz in the cell and between vein 2 and the inner
margin; a few rufous strie on the outer area; marginal line
rufous. Hind wing white.
The distal portions of the antenne are broken, but the species
appears to belong to the 3rd section.
Hak. Sikhim (Méller). Exp. 38 willim. Type in coll. Elwes.
*656. Cossus stigmaticus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 86; C. § S. no. 1598.
3. Pale ochreous brown. Fore wing striated with pale brown ;
pale brown blotches at end of cell, apex, and below apex; two
COSSUS.—DUOMITUS. 307
large red spots below the origin of vein 2, the upper tinged with
black.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 52 millim.
Genus DUOMITUS.
Duomitus, Butl. Ann. N. H. (5) vi, p. 68 (1880).
Xyleutes, Miibn. Verz. p. 195 (1818), gen. non descr.
Chalcidica, Miibn. Verz. p. 197 (1818), gen. non descr.
Hinneya, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 153 (1883).
Type, D. ceramicus, W1k.
Range. 8. America; 8. Africa; India; Ceylon; Amboina;
Australia; New Britain.
Palpi minute ; antenne of male with proximal half bipectinated,
the distal half simple, wholly simple in female. Legs without
spurs. Wings long and narrow ; fore wing with the areole very
large; vein 11] given off from 10. Hind wing with no bar between
veins 7 and 8; veins 4 and 5 given off separately ; the fork of the
veinlets in the cell of both wings broad.
657. Duomitus niger, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p.348; td. Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 148, figs. 2, 2a (larva); C. & S. no. 1594.
@. Head and thorax black, thickly irrorated with grey scales ;
abdomen black. Fore wing black, thickly irrorated with grey scales,
leaving a black patch beyond end of cell. Hind wing black,
irrorated with grey scales towards centre of outer area.
Larva ochreous white; pupa red-brown. The * Black Borer”
of Coffee-planters.
Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon. ep. 60 millim.
658. Duomitus ceramicus, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 587.
Duomitus ligneus, Butl. Ann. N. H. (5) vi, p. 68; zd. Ill. Het. va,
pl. 108, fig. 3; C. §& 8. no. 1599.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous brown, more or less
suffused with black; patches of black scales at each side of meta-
thorax. Fore wing pale ochreous brown; costa with some black
strie; some black streaks in and below the cell; outer arca
marbled with black ; a large irregular whitish patch at outer angle
extending towards apex as a series of decreasing spots suffused
with black; some black streaks beyond the cell towards apex.
Hind wing fuscous, slightly marbled with black; some diffused
pale marks at centre of outer margin.
Hab. Sikhim; Nias; Ceram. vp. 104 millim.
659. Duomitus strix, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 77, pl. 145 a.
Zeuzera signata, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1587; C. & S. no. 1
Zenzera bubo, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) x, 1882, p. 228.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, grizzled with grey scales ;
x
308 COSSID&.
some white at base of abdomen and each segment slightly fringed
with white. Fore wing pale brownish white, closely reticulated
with black markings; some black spots along costa, the most
prominent being one at the base, one antemedial, and one post-
medial ; a spot on inner margin near base; one beyond end of cell;
one above the centre of vein 1 6; a marginal series, the subapical
spot expanding into a large blotch. Hind wing pale clouded with
fuscous and with black reticulations, obsolescent on the part
covered by the fore wing; a marginal series of spots.
2 paler; the colour of thorax and ground-colour of fore wing
whitish.
The Sikhim specimen is less heavily marked, the black blotches
on fore wing smaller.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; Java; Nias; New Ireland; New Britain.
Hap., § 110- 130, 2 170- 188 millim.
660. Duomitus leuconotus, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1537; C. § S. no. 1591;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 142, figs. 3, 3 a.
3. Differs from stria in the head and abdomen being black ; the
thorax covered with erect white scales. Fore wing blackish; the
reticulations not so close; the inner marginal area with irregular
white conjoined patches ; white patches on the costa towards the
apex; a black streak beyond the cell. Hind wing blackish with
black reticulations ; a white patch on outer margin towards anal
angle.
Fig. 210.—Duometus leuconotus, §. t-
2 with a large white patch sometimes developed at centre of
costa of fore wing and those towards apex more developed.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Calcutta; Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 98-128,
@ 180 millim.
DUOMITUS.—AZYGOPHLEPS. 309
661. Duomitus mineus, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 52, pl. 1381p; C. § S.
no. 1592.
Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen dark metallic blue-
green. Fore wing yellow with a pinkish tinge; base blue-green ;
spots of the same colour along the costa, the largest being beyond
the end of the cell and just before the apex ; small spots at centre
and end of cell; a large transverse oval spot from median nervure
to inner margin; a large longitudinal spot from below the end
of the cell at vein 1 4 to near the apex at vein 7; a marginal
series of spots increasing in size to outer angle and continued along
the inner margin. Hind wing yellow, with some black down on
inner area, and blue-black streaks in the interspaces beyond the cell ;
two spots on the costa near apex ; a series of marginal spots.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; Caleutta; Ganjam; Manilla; Java.
Exp., 5 68-93, 2 108-132 millim.
662. Duomitus fuscipars, n. sp.
g. Head and thorax dark brown, grizzled with grey; abdomen
fuscous. Fore wing with the costal half very deep red-brown ;
the inner area more or less thickly suffused with white scales,
the inner margin being white tessellated with black marks. Hind
wing paler red-brown; a large white triangular patch tessellated
with black on the outer margin between veins | 6 and 4.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Hap. 44 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus AZYGOPHLEPS, nov.
Type, A. scalaris, Fabr.
Range. Africa; China; throughout India and Burma; Cam-
bodia.
Palpi minute; antenne bipectinated to half the length in both
sexes, the branches longest at the middle of pectinated portion and
rapidly diminishing towards base and apex; shorter in female than
in male. Legs without spurs. Wings long and narrow; the
neuration as in Duomitus except that veins 4 and 5 of hind wing
arise from a point.
663. Azygophleps albofasciata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 87; C. & 8.
no. 1585.
¢. Antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen black; collar white.
Fore wing brown, with numerous fine black strie; a broad white
band below the subcostal nervure from the base to the apex.
Hind wing pale, with numerous faint brown striz.
Hob. Kashmir; Sikhim. wp. 54-57 millim.
310 COSSID #.
664. Azygophleps scalaris, Fubr. Syst. Ent. iii, pt. 2, p. 5; C.& S.
no. 1586, part.
Zeuzera bivittata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p.586; C. & S.no. 1587.
Antenne black ; head white; thorax white, with a black line
on collar and a broad yellow stripe on the vertex ; abdomen white.
Fig. 211.— Azygophleps scalaris, $. +
T°
Fore wing white, with numerous black strigee forming reticulations ;
the interno-median interspace having hardly any strige; yellow
streaks from the base to the end of cell and along the basal two
thirds of inner margin. Hind wing white.
Hab. Angola; Karachi; Bengal; Burma; Cambodia. zwp.,
3 40, 2 56 millim.
665. Azygophleps pusilla, W7k. Cat. vii, p. 1538; C. § S. no. 1596;
Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 107, fig. 9.
3. Differs from scalavis in the thorax being without the yellow
stripe. Fore wing without yellow stripes; the striz very much
finer; a white band from the base below the subcostal nervure to
the apex. Some specimens are more or less suffused with pale
brown on inner and outer areas, and some have a black streak
below the cell and a series of marginal spots developed.
Hab. Bengal; Deccan; Bangalore; Nilgiris. xp. 26-40
millim.
Genus ZEUZERA.
Zeuzera, Latr. Diet. d’ Hist. Nat. xxiv, p. 186 (1804).
Zenzera, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiv, p. 175 (1805).
Latagia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 196 (1818).
Type, Z. esculi, Latr., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; throughout India and Ceylon; Burma.
Palpi absent; antenne as in Duomitus. Legs without spurs.
Wings long and narrow ; the neuration as in Duomitus except
that there is an erect bar between veins 7 and 8 of hind wing at
end of cell.
Scr. I. Fore wing with vein 6 from angle of cell.
A. Hind wing with outer margin evenly rounded.
666. Zeuzera conferta, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 1536; C. § S. no. 1589 ; Buti.
Ill. Het. vi, pl. 107, tig. 10.
ZEUZERA. dll
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish; pro-, meso-, and meta-
thorax with paired black spots; abdomen with dorsal and paired
lateral black spots and ventral bands. Wings white, evenly, but
rather sparsely, spotted with blue-black spots, leaving a small
space at end of and beyond cell of fore wing unspotted.
Hab. Sylhet. Hap. 70 millim,
667. Zeuzera indica, Herr-Schiffer, Sammi. aussereur. Schmett. no.
166; C. § S. no. 1590,
Zeuzera paucipunctata, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 1537.
¢. Differs from conferta in the thorax being unmarked; the
basal and terminal segments of abdomen each with three dorsal
blue-black streaks ; each of the other segments with one dorsal
streak, those on the second and third segments triangular. Fore
wing with the spots fewer and large, the most conspicuous being a
spot at centre of cell, one near the apex, and those on each side of
vein 16. Hind wing with three large spots below the end of the cell ;
one between veins 1 6and ¢, the largest between veins le and 2,
the smallest between veins 2 and 3; a marginal series of spots,
the one nearest anal angle large.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Sylhet. Exp. 96-114 millim.
B. Hind wing with the outer margin deeply eacised
near anal angle.
668. Zeuzera postexcisa, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159, fig. 18.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; collar with paired blue-
black marks ; tegule with a blue-black spot ; pro-, meso-, and meta-
thorax with paired blue-black blotches, the last with an additional
spot on the vertex ; abdomen with blue-black marks at sides and on
vertex. Fore wing white, with numerous small round blue-black
spots; the cell with few spots and those beyond it obsolescent ; the
marginal series prominent. Hind wing white, with some small obso-
lescent spots beyond the cell and some prominent blue-black spots
on outer margin, those at the excision conjoined into a prominent
band.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 52 millim.
Szct. II. Fore wing with vein 6 from below angle of cell; outer
margin of hind wing evenly rounded.
669. Zeuzera multistrigata, Moore, P. Z. 8.1881, p. 327; C. § S.
no. 1593.
Differs from postexcisa in the collar, tegule, and prothorax being
without marks, meso- and metathorax with paired blue-black lateral
spots; metathorax and each segment of abdomen fringed with
black but without spots. Fore wing with the veins tinged with
ochreous, the spots much more numerous; those beyond the cell
312 COSSID&.
not obsolescent; the clusters at middle and end of cell and a
marginal series being the most prominent. Hind wing white, with
black spots in the cell and in the interspaces below and beyond it,
Fig. 212.-—Zeuzera multistrigata, 3. +.
but none on inner area; three blue-black spots on outer margin
between veins 1 ¢ and 2.
Hab. Dharmsala; Sikhim; Nagas. Ewp., 5 50-62, 2 64-98
millim,
Srcr. III. Fore wing with vein 6 from above angle of cell.
670. Zeuzera coffee, Metn. Edin. New Phil. Journ. xv, 1862, p. 36;
C. § S. no. 1588; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 143, figs. 1, la, 6
(larva).
Zeuzera oblita, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 198.
Zeuzera roricyanea, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 177 (1862).
3. Differs from multistrigata in the pro-, meso-, and metathorax
each having a pair of small black spots; abdomen black, clothed
with white hairs. Fore wing with the spots small, black, and all
obsolescent except those along the costa, outer and inner margins.
Hind wing with a few obsolescent small spots and a prominent
marginal series from the apex to vein 2, where they are sometimes
conjoined.
2. With the spots of the fore wing fewer in number, but
more prominent and tinged with metallic blue.
Larva and pupa red-brown. This is the “ White Borer” of
Coffee-planters.
Hab. Niga Hills; Rangoon; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Borneo. Luap.,
¢ 40, 2 46 millim.
Genus PHRAGMATACIA.
Phragmatecia, Newm. Zoologist, vill, p. 2931 (1850).
Type, P. castanee, Hiibn.
Range. Europe; Africa; Asia; Java; S. America.
Palpi absent ; a tuft of hair on frons; antennz of male bipec-
tinated to two-thirds length, the branches short. Legs without
spurs. Wings long and narrow ; neuration as in Azygophleps.
PHRAGMAT HCIA.— EREMOCOSSUS. 313
671. Phragmatecia castanex, Hiibn. Beitr. ii. i. i.c. p. 9 (1790).
Bombyx arundinis, Hiibn. Ew. Schmett., Bomb. figs. 200, 201.
Zeuzera innotata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 587.
Phragmatcecia saccharum, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 87; C.§ S. no, 1602.
Phragmatcecia minor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 87; C. & S.no. 1601.
Phragmatecia minima, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 66, pl. 144, fig. 14.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish white. Fore wing brownish
white irrorated with dark specks. Hind wing white or brownish
white.
Fig. 213.—Phragmatecia castanee, 3. }-
In some specimens the striations of the fore wing are absent.
Hab. Europe; Africa; Madagascar; China ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon.
Exp., & 22-88, 2 54 millim.
672. Phragmatecia impura, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 66, pl. 144,
es Ue
2. Head, thorax, and fore wing smoky black; abdomen and
hind wing pale fuscous.
flab. Nilgiris, 8. slopes, 3000 feet. Hap. 36 millim.
Genus EREMOCOSSUS, nov.
Type, L. fedus, Swinh.
Range. Karachi.
Palpi with the third joint large and rounded; antenne of male
bipectinated to tips, the branches short. Legs without spurs,
8 ie
Fig. 214.—LKremocossus fadus, 3. 1.
the femora hairy. Wings long and narrow ; fore wing with inner
margin evenly curved; vein 11 given off from the subcostal
314 ARBELID &.
nervure. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from a point; 6 and 7
stalked ; 8 free.
673. Eremocossus feedus, Swink. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 515, pl. 47, fig. 1;
C. & S.no. 1600.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing
pale brownish ochreous, with ill-defined white longitudinal bands
in and below the cell; a similar submarginal transverse band.
Hind wing white.
Hab. Karachi, Exp. 28 millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Zeuzera asylas, Cram., C. & 8. no. 1586, is from 8. Africa.
Duomitus capensis, Wik. Cat. vil. p. 1533. In coll. B. M. are two
specimens labelled ‘India,’ but the ‘ Record’ shows the
locality to be doubtful.
Family ARBELID/.
Allied to the Cosside. Proboscis absent; palpi slight and
porrect; antenne of male bipectinated to tips; the branches
short ; legs with the spurs minute or absent. Frenulum absent.
Fore wing with vein 16 forked at the base; 1¢ absent; no areole.
Hind wing with three internal veins; a simple veinlet in the cell
of each wing.
Larve borers in wood.
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with a bar between veins 7 and 8 .. 1. ARBELA, p. 314.
6. Hind wing with no bar between veins 7and 8; [p. 315,
the Cellishont < teh cts sinmne we eanetcrennciee retorts 2. ENCAUMAPTERA,
Genus ARBELA.
Arbela, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 411.
Type, A. tetraonis, Moore.
Range. Peninsular India and Ceylon; Burma.
Palpi minute; antennz bipectinated to tips in male, the branches
short, simple in female. Mid and hind tibie slightly hairy, with
minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing with veins 7,8,9 stalked
together. Hind wing with the cell of normal length; vein 6 given
off below the angle; vein 8 connected with the subcostal nervure
by an oblique bar near centre of cell.
674. Arbela quadrinotata, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 1521; C. § S. no. 1603;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 148, fig. 3.
Cossus abruptus, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 584; C.§ S. no. 1581.
ARBELA.—ENCAUMAPTERA. 315
Cossus tesselatus, Mcore, Lep. Ath. p. 85; C. §& S. no. 1604.
Zenzera pardicolor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 86; C.S S. no. 1595.
¢. Head and thorax rufous. Fore wing pale rufous, with
numerous dark rufous bands of strige ; aspot at end of cell and
Fig. 215.—Arbela quadrinotata, §. 4.
those between the median nervure and vein 1 6 being most promi-
nent. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing
ochreous white, with the markings as in male. Hind wing pale,
slightly suffused with fuscous, with numerous obsolescent brown
strige.
Hab. Calcutta; Ganjam; Ceylon. Ewp., ¢ 38, @ 40 millim.
675. Arbela tetraonis, Moore, P. Z. 8.1879, p. 411, pl. 34, fig. 3; C6 8.
no. 1605,
2. Differs from quadrinotata in the ground-colour being paler,
the markings not so rufous; fore wing with a prominent submarginal
series of conjoined spots ; a marginal series of spots; hind wing
whitish, with some brown spots and streaks below and beyond the
cell ; a marginal series of spots ; abdomen with brown tufts.
Hab. Poona; Bombay; Raipur. Hep. 36-50 millim.
676. Arbela dea, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 199, pl. vi, fig. 7.
g. Head whitish; antenni, thorax, and abdomen brown.
Fore wing irrorated with a few dark scales ; some pale strigz along
the costa. Hind wing black-brown.
@. Paler, with a dark spot at end of cell of fore wing.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp., 3 24, 2 29 millim.
Genus ENCAUMAPTERA, nov.
Type, H. stigmata, Hmpsn.
Range. Nilgiris.
Palpi porrect ; antenne of male bipectinated to tips, the branches
short. Legs hairy; tibie without spurs. Fore wing with veins
7, 8,9, 10 stalked together. Hind wing with no bar between veins
7 and 8; vein 8 short ; the cell short; veins 6 and 7 given off
from the angle, 7 curved upwards and almost touching 8.
316 HEPIALID &.
677. Encaumaptera stigmata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 66, pl. 144,
fig. 1.
3. Mouse-grey. Fore wing with a patch of short scales below
the end of the cell, with a copper-coloured longitudinal streak
below it from which two black bands run to inner margin, the
inner one oblique, the outer erect; a patch of short black scales
SS:
od
EV)
|
o
Fig. 216.—Encawmaptera stigmata, §. t.
beyond the end of the cell, with a small copper spot at its lower
extremity ; and a dark band from the costa to its upper extremity;
a dark band from the costa near the apex; outer area with some
dark strie. Hind wing paler.
Hab. Nilgiris, 3500 feet. Hap. 40 millim.
Family HEPIALID.
Proboscis absent; palpi usually absent. Antenne very short
and filiform. Legs short and without spurs. Fore wing with
vein 1 a forming a fork with 6 or separate ; a bar from vein 12 to
the costa near the base. Hind wing with 12 veins; 3 internal
veins ; a bar from vein 12 to the costa near the base; veinlets in
the cell of both wings forked. Frenulum absent.
Larve internai feeders in wood or the roots of grasses &c.*
Key to the Genera,
a. Palpi present. Fore wing with no bar
between vein 14 and median nervure .. 1, PAaLPrFsEr, p. 316.
6. Palpi absent. Fore wing with a bar
between vein 1 6 and median nervure.
a’, Veins 8, 9, 10 of both wings stalked .. 2. Heprariscus, p. 317.
6’. Vein 10 of both wings not stalked with
ic) EMO) Ge opoado cocuvoDobedosounes 3. PHASSUS, p. 318.
Genus PALPIFER, nov.
Type, P. seanotatus, Moore.
Range. Himalayas; Ceylon; Tenasserim.
Palpi large, rounded, and ascending. Antenne short and seti-
ferous. Legs hairy; tibie without spurs. Fore wing without a
* Next to the Hepialide would come the Micropterygide, if the Heterocera
could be arranged in a linear series.
PALPIFER.—HEPIALISCUS. 317
bar between vein 1 6 and the median nervure ; veins 7 and 8 and
9 and 10 stalked in both wings, and the veinlets in cell forked.
678. Palpifer sexnotatus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 418; C. & S.
nolo:
Hepialus murinus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 413; C. § S. no. 1608.
Hepialus taprobanus, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 545.
2. Head, pro- and mesothorax dark
brown; metathorax fulvous yellow ;
abdomen black-brown. Fore wing
dark red-brown ; two white subbasal
spots below the median nervure; a
round white spot at centre of cell;
traces of a postmedial dark line ; some
ochreous specks on costa near apex ;
Fig. 217.—Palpifer sex- 2 é
” notatus, Se a black speck at centre of inner margin.
Hind wing—the basal area fulvous
yellow, extending along the costa nearly to apex; the outer area
dark red-brown.
Hab. Dharmséla; Sikhim; Ceylon. wp. 34 millim.
*679. Palpifer tavoyanus, Moore, J. A. S. B. lv, pt. 2, 1886, p. 98 ;
C. & S.no 1612.
3. Pale vinous brown; hind part of thorax and Ist segment of
abdomen clothed with ochreous hairs. Fore wing with some dark
quadrate costal marks, others in and below the cell; an irregular
medial band with dentate margin; a series of small marginal
lunules and a black spot above outer angle; all these markings
with narrow ochreous edges. Hind wing dark vinous brown,
ochreous at base ; cilia ochreous from anal angle to vein 4.
Hab. Tayoy. Hap. 77 millim.
Genus HEPIALISCUS, nov.
Type, H. nepalensis, W1k.
Range. Himalayas.
Palpiabsent. Antenne short and filiform. Fore wing with veins
1 a ande short and slender; a bar between veins 1 6 and ¢ and the
median nervure; both wings with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked, and two
veinlets in the cell which are bent down and meet near centre of
median nervure. Legs short and hairy; tibize without spurs.
In Hepialus, Fabr., type humuli, vein 8 is given off from the cell
in both wings.
Larva feeding in the roots of grasses &e.
6380. Hepialiscus nepalensis, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1557; C. § S. no. 1609.
Hepialus indicus, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1558; C. & S. no. 1606.
Hepialus pauperatus, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 593; C. g S. no. 1610;
Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 108, figs. 6, 7.
Hepialus marcidus, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p.69; C.§ S. no. 1607.
318 HEPIALID®.
Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish or reddish brown. Fore
wing greyish or ochreous brown, with four indistinct series of
small dark specks or small ring-spots on indistinct pale oblique
bands; a submarginal series of specks or ring-spots on pale spots.
Hind wing pale fuscous.
Fig. 218.— Hepialiscus nepalensis, ¢.
i
Te
In the form indicus=marcidus black blotches are developed in,
beyond, and below the cell of the fore wing.
Hab. Simla; Kulu; Nepal; Sikhim. Zvp., ¢ 44, 9 56 millim.
Genus PHASSUS.
Phassus, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1566 (1855).
Endoclyta, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep., Atl. pl. 81, fig. 8, Erk. p. 4 (1867).
Type, P. hibneri, Geyer, from Mexico.
Range. Mexico; 8S. America; Africa ; Japan; China; through-
out India, Ceylon, and Burma; Perak; Borneo.
Palpi absent. Antenne short and filiform. Fore and mid legs
fringed with hair on both sides; hind legs aborted in male, the
femur and tibia short, the latter with a curved tuft of long hairs,
the tarsus more or less aborted, in some species only represented
by a bristle. Both wings with veins 9 and 10 stalked; a forked
veinlet in the cell, and vein 12 fringed with hair. Fore wing with
a bar between vein 1 6 and median nervure.
The prothorax, consisting of two pieces, is ankylosed to the
mesothorax consisting of three pieces, the metathorax, consisting of
one large piece, being freely moveable on the mesothorax.
Larve borers in trunks of trees.
681. Phassus aboé, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 487; C. § 8. no. 1615;
Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 109, fig. 1.
Phassus salsettensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 412, pl. 34, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 1621.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen dull brown. Fore wing dull
brown; seven indistinct dark quadrate marks on the costa; a
triangular dark mark at centre of cell extending downwards along
vein 2; two large dark marks in upper end of cell, two small
marks in the lower end; four oblique bands of irregular ring-marks
across the marginal area, the innermost bent below the costa, with
a white spot at the bend; a number of irregular ring-marks
_ PHASSUS. 319
below the cell. Hind wing dark brown; two very indistinct
quadrate marks at apex. The tuft on hind tibia ochreous.
2. The first postmedial band of fore wing straighter and with-
out the white spot inside it.
Hab. Sikhim; Bombay. Evp., ¢ 70, 2 88 millim.
682. Phassus punctimargo, n. sp.
6. Head and thorax dark red-brown; abdomen duller brown.
Fore wing dark red-brown ; the inner area, two oblique bands on
the outer area, and the outer angle with a glossy leaden tinge;
some very indistinct yellowish quadrate marks on the costa; two
indistinct postmedial lines, the inner with a white spot inside it
beyond the cell, the outer curved at middle; between these two
lines is a series of irregular ring-marks; a similar submarginal
series; traces of white specks on the outer margin; some indis-
tinct irregular ring-marks on inner area. Hind wing pale brown,
with two very indistinct dark marks near the apex; the outer
margin dark.
Q@. Paler red-brown ; fore wing with the white spot absent ;
the outer postmedial line nearly straight ; a series of prominent
white spots and streaks on outer margin of both wings more or
less conjoined in places and differently developed in the several
individuals.
Hab. Sikhim. Evxp., ¢ 54, 2 90-108 milim. Type in
coll. B. M.
683. Phassus damor, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 487; C. § S. no. 1618 ;
Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 109, fig. 3.
Endoclyta similis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 81, fig. 3; C. §& S. no. 1522.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing grey-brown;
some dark brown quadrate marks along the costa; a triangular
brown mark at centre of cell joined below the cell to an oblique
irregular brown mark which extends to vein 1 and nearly fills the
end of the cell and an area beyond and below it, leaving a curved
pale streak from the middle to upper angle of cell; a small spot on
vein | just before the brown band; a streak beyond the end of the
cell; three double oblique bands of more or less coalesced spots,
one at end of cell, the second postmedial, the third submarginal.
Hind wing fuscous ; some brown spots on costa and outer margin
near the apex.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., ¢ 66, 2 88 millim.
684, Phassus purpurascens, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 156, pl. 1438, fig. 4 ;
C. & S. no. 1620.
2. Differs from damor in the ground-colour of the wings being
purplish. Fore wing with a white “comma” mark in the cell
before the middle, another at upper end, with from one to four
white specks just outside the cell; a black subbasal speck between
320 HEPIALIDA.
veins 16 and ¢; no brown spot on vein 16; the triangle in the
cell smaller ; the oblique streak more diffused. Hind wing with-
out markings. Hind tarsus of male represented by a bristle.
In some specimens the ground-colour of the fore wing is redder
brown ; a number of white specks are scattered about the wing
and incomplete circular black marks appear on the costa and on
each side of vein 1}.
Hab. Ceylon and ? Perak. wp. 114-136 millim.
685. Phassus signifer, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1568; C. § S. no. 1622;
Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 109, fig. 2.
Phassus undulifer, Wik. Char. undescr. Het. p. 102; C. & S.
no. 1623.
Phassus chalybeatus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p.412; C.& S. no. 1617.
g. Head, thorax, abdomen, and ground-colour of fore wing
yellowish flesh-colour or palegrey-brown. Differs from purpurascens
in the costal marks of the fore wing being larger and fewer; the
conjoined triangle and diffused streak terminating at vein 2; a
Fig. 219.—Phassus signifer, 6. i.
number of obscure ring-marks on inner area; the postmedial band
better defined, and the submarginal spots larger and more con-
joined. Hind wing flesh-coloured.
@. Darker; fore wing with the costal marks larger ; the hind
wing suffused with fuscous and with obscure marks at apex.
In a Burmese specimen the ground-colour of the fore wing is
pale brownish yellow, with no white spots in the cell; the hind
wing ochreous brown. The species is thus extremely variable, but
may chiefly be known by the darker discal markings of fore wing
terminating along vein 2.
Hab. Sylhet; Bernardmyo, Burma; E. Pegu; Borneo. Lxp.,
g 100, 2 154 millim.
PHASSUS. 321
686. Phassus malabaricus, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1879, p. 412; C. & S.
no. 1619.
6. Differs from segnifer in the markings of the fore wing being
pale chestnut in colour ; the costal markings small; the yellowish-
white mark before the middle of the cell triangular or a longi-
tudinal not transverse streak ; the spots of the postmedial and sub-
marginal bands rounded not elongated. Hind wing reddish fuscous.
Q. The fore wing greyish or reddish brown.
Hab. Canara; Nilgiri plateau, 6000-8000 feet. Ewvp., ¢ 102,
© 126 millim.
687. Phassus auratus, n.sp.
g. Head and thorax black-brown. Fore wing very dark brown ;
the basal half of the costa and cell brassy yellow, with some brown
marks on the costa; a brassy-yellow patch at apex; an indistinct
yellowish mark near centre of outer margin; a faint postmedial
oblique line with a yellowish-white spot on it at veins 5 and 6.
Abdomen and hind wing fuscous, the latter slightly red-brown at
apex. Tuft on hind tibia ochreous.
Hab. Bernardmyo, Burma (Doherty). Eup. 42 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
688. Phassus albofasciatus, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 413, pl. 34,
fis.8; C.§ S. no. 1616.
@. Head and thorax grey-brown. Fore wing grey-brown; an
ill-defined greyish-white fascia from the base to the apex; the
inner area reddish brown; the whole wing closely covered by
waved black striz and obscure spots and ring-marks. Abdomen
and hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau, 7000-8000 feet. Hap. 64-84 millim.
689. Phassus viridis, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, fore and mid legs, and fore wing pale sap-
green; the last with a small white spot at end of cell and a white
speck beyond it. Abdomen, hind wing, and hind legs dark fuscous ;
the hind wing with the costal edge green. Tibial tuft fuscous.
Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 86 millim. Type in Mus. Oxon.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Gorgopis vilis, Wlk., C. & 8S. no. 1614, is a Tineid of the genus
Alavona.
VOL. I. Mi
322 CALLIDULID®.
Family CALLIDULID.
A family of day-flying moths of medium size. Antenne simple,
the palpi long, with the third joint well developed. Mid tibia
with one pair of long spurs, hind tibia with two pairs. Hind wing
with two internal veins; 3, 4, 5 arisig close together; the cell
open; 6 and 7 arising not far from the base of the wing; 8 bent
down and nearly touching 7 near origin of 6; a minute precostal
spur.
Larva unknown.
Key to the Genera.
@ebirenulimbpapsenteelmeer tear lec cee 1. CLEOsIRIS, p. 322.
b. Frenulum present but minute; the retina-
culum arising from below the median
nervure of fore wing.
a’. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked ;
male with a patch of raised scales below
theycostarofibind Swan lj cis) J- eee 2. CALLIDULA, p. 323.
b'. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 arising from
DNOMBOE “Gog presosoocnsgdsssag oD 3. PrERODECTA, p. 324.
c. Frenulum long; male with the retinaculum
from the subcostal nervure of fore wing ;
vein 6 from the middle of discocellulars ;
7 and 8 from close to angle of cell...... 4, HERIMBA, p. 325.
Genus CLEOSIRIS.
Tetragonus, Geyer, Hiibn. Zutr. 4, p. 17 (1832), nom. preeoce.
Cleosiris, Botsd. Spec. Gén. Lép. i, pl. 23, fig. 3 (1836).
Type, C. catamita, Hiibn.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Penang; Java;
Borneo.
Frenulum absent. Palpi with the third joint long and obliquely
orrect. ore wing with vein 1 6 forked at the base; veins 8 and
9 stalked, the apex acute. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 arising
very near the base; outer margin angled at vein 4.
690. Cleosiris catamita, Geyer, Hiibn. Zutr. pl.iv, p.17; C&S.
no. 482; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 99, figs. 4, 4 a.
Cleosiris major, Moore, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 15; C. & S. no. 483.
Head, thorax, and abdomen dark yellowish red-brown. Fore
wing yellowish red-brown; traces of fulvous postmedial spots.
Hind wing uniform red-brown. Underside: the ground-colour
yellowish, greenish, or brownish, with numerous dark strie; fore
wing with three grey spots tinged with rufous in the cell, near
CLEOSIRIS.—CALLIDULA, 323
base, at middle and end; an indistinct rufous oblique band from
apex to vein 2; two submarginal very indistinct maculate lines ;
hind wing with three grey rufous-ringed spots in the cell, one
near base and two near the end; four very indistinct rufous bands,
Fig. 220.—Cleosiris catamita, g. 1}.
one medial, two postmedial, and one submarginal and maculate
the two postmedial bands may coalesce, forming a more prominent
irregular band; the marking of the underside may be brown
instead of rufous.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Burma; Andamans ;
Nicobars ; Tenasserim; Penang; Java. Hwvp. 40-48 millim.
Genus CALLIDULA.
Callidula, Hiibn. Verz. p. 66 (1818).
Datanga, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 21 (1879).
Type, C. petavia, Cram.
Range. Atghanistan ; Sikhim; Assam; Burma; Malacea ; Philip-
pines ; Borneo; Snmatra; Java.
Frenulum present but minute; the retinaculum arising from
below the median nervure of fore wing. Palpi with the third
joint somewhat long and upturned. ore wing with vein 1 6 not
forked at the base. Veins 8,9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins
6 and 7 arising not so near the base as in Cleostris; male with
a large patch of raised scales below the middle of vein 8.
691. Callidula minor, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 21; C. § S. no. 486.
3. Dark red-brown. Fore wing with an oblique nearly regular
orange band from the costa beyond the middle to vein 2 near
outer margin; some specimens with traces of a submarginal
orange band. Underside yellowish, with numerous dark strize ; fore
wing with a grey dark-ringed spot at centre of cell and two at its
end which are sometimes conjoined; some red at end and beyond
the cell; hind wing with a grey dark-ringed spot at centre of cell ;
a larger one at end of cell; an indistinct waved red and grey post-
medial line. Cilia orange.
Settles on the upperside of leaves, with the wings raised over
ee
324 CALLIDULID &.
the back, just as does the Hesperid Astictopterus wanites, from which
it is difficult to distinguish the present species.
Hab. Karen Hills; Moulmein. wp. 34 millim.
92. Callidula erycinoides, Wik. Char. undescr. Het. p. 3; 0. § 8.
no. 481.
Differs from minor in the band of the fore wing being pale
yellow and nearly reaching the outer angle, near which it is curved
and attenuated. Underside: fore wing dusky yellow, suffused with
fuscous on outer half and rufous at apex, the costa with dark
Fig. 221.—Callidula erycinoides, $. +.
striz, or wholly suffused with rufous with dark strie; the band
as on upperside ; a white black-ringed spot in cell near the base
aad transverse streaks at middle and end. Hind wing yellowish,
suffused and striated with rufous; two grey spots at end of cell ;
a waved black postmedial line. Both wings with a marginal
series of white specks ; the cilia pale near apex of each wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Buxar; Nagas. Hap. 46 millim.
693. Callidula attenuata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 21; C.§ S. no. 485.
Differs from erycinoides in the band of the fore wing being
red, and from minor in its narrowing towards outer margin and
being present on the underside; the cilia pale red.
Hab. Sikhim; Margharita, S.E. of Sadiya, Assam; Khasis ;
E. Pegu. Exp. 40 millim.
Genus PTERODECTA,
Pterodecta, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 399 (1877).
Type, P. anchora, Moore.
Range. Japan; Himalayas from Kangra to Bhutan.
Palpi with the third joint porrect and long. Frenulum present,
but minute, the retinaculum from below the median nervure of fore
wing. Fore wing with vein 16 forked at the base; 9 arising
from 10 and anastomosing with 8 to form an areole; the apex
acute; the outer margin angled at vein 6. Hind wing with veins
6 and 7 arising near the base; the outer margin angled at vein 2.
PTERODECTA.—HERIMBA. 325
694. Pterodecta anchora, Moore, Pagenst. JB. Nassau. Ver. 1887,
p- 288, pl. ii, fig. 24; C.& S. no. 480.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings dark brown. Fore wing
with an orange-yellow spot
below the cell between veins 2
and 3; an orange-yellow post-
medial curved band from the
costa to vein 2, sending a pro-
jection inwards along vein 3
so as nearly to joi the spot.
Cilia fulvous. Underside yel-
lowish brown, striated with
black; the fore wing yellow,
except the outer area; two
small white black-ringed spots in the cell, a larger one on a black
patch at end, and a black patch below the end of cell. Hind wing
with a grey spot at end of cell.
Hab. Himalayas from Kulu to Bhutan, 5000-10,000 feet. Hap.
40 millim.
Fig. 222.—Pterodecta anchora, &. },
Genus HERIMBA.
Herimba, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 20 (1879).
Type, H. atkinsoni, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Burma.
Palpi upturned, with the third joint of moderate length and
somewhat porrect. Fore wing with vein | 6 forked at the base,
6 from the middle of the discocellulars; 7 and 8 from close to
the upper angle of cell; 9 and 10 arising close together before the
end of cell and anastomosing shortly. Hind wing with veins 6
and 7 arising not very near the base, 8 almost touching them close
to their origin. Frenulum long; retinaculum in male arising from
the subcostal nervure of fore wing.
695. Herimba atkinsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 21, pl. 2, fig. 8; C.§ 8.
no. 484.
3g. Glossy black- brown, with a golden-brown tinge. Fore wing
with golden-brown specks along
the costa; an oblique white medial
band consisting of a spot at end of
cell, a trifid spot below it, and
small spot above vein 16; a small
white subapical spot. Hind wing
speckled with golden brown; a
minute white spot between veins
5 and 6. Underside with nume-
rous golden-brown strigz.
Hab, Sikhim; Burma. ap, 33 millim.
Fig. 223.
Herimba atkinsowi, Gg. +.
326 DREPANULID A.
Family DREPANULID ZS.
Small or moderate-sized moths of somewhat slender build,
generally with the apex of fore wing falcate.
Palpi slender and slightly scaled, often very minute. Fore
wing with vein 1 6 forked at the base; le absent; 5 from close
to the lower angle of cell.
Fig. 224.—Larva of Teldenia ves-
tigiata. +. (From Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. 11, pl. 124, fig. 1 0.)
Hind wing with one or two internal
veins; la short when present ; 5
from near lower angle of cell; the
discocellulars angled; the origin of
veins 6 and 7 before the angle of
cell; 8 bent down and nearly or
quite touching 7.
Larva smooth, with the anal
prolegs absent*; the anal somite
usually with a long process, the
others often humped. Spins a cocoon amongst leaves.
Key to the Genera,
a, Proboscis present.
a’. Frenulum present.
a’, Fore wing with the apex rounded. 2. Macrocinix, p. 329.
b°, Fore wing with the apex acute.
a®, Fore wing with the apex pro-
duced upwanrdstyeectsscresneit:
6°. Fore wing with the apex not
produced upwards.
a*, Fore wing with vein 10 stalked
with 7,8,9; no areole.
a>. Hind wing with the outer
margin rounded.
a®, Both wings with the disco-
cellulars nearly straight.
6°. Both wings with the dis-
cocellulars much angled.
6°. Hind wing with the outer
margin angled at vein 3 ..
b*. Fore wing with veins 9 and
10 anastomosing with 7 and8
to form an areole.
a’, Palpi shght and porrect.
a°®, Hind wing with the anal
angle produced and lobed
16.
(J)
CAMPTOCHILUS, p. 35].
. EvucHERA, p. 327,
. MacravuzaTa, p. 330
. AUZATA, p. 33.
. Dirrigona, p. 331.
* Except in Huchera.
EUCHERA. 327
6°. Hind wing with the anal
angle rounded.
a’. Antenne not thickened
and flattened ...... 8. DREPANA, p. 338.
6’, Antenne thickened and
flattened yen isc. cs 7. LEUCODREPANA, p. 333,
b°. Palpi upturned, reaching
vertex of head.
a°®, Hind wing with the anal
angle rounded ........ 6. TELDENTA, p. 332.
6°, Hind wing with the anal
angle highly excised .. 10. Tuymisrapa, p. 343.
e°. Palpi long, porrect, and
thickly scaled. Fore wing
with veins 8 and 9 from
endl ofvareolen ss sedan 9. Sprca, p. 342.
b’. Frenulum absent.
a’, Fore wing with an areole.
a’. Hind wing with the outer mar-
PAR WINEN Cansnehooeoon dea 11. Drroca, p. 344.
6°. Hind wing with the outer mar-
gin angled at vein 6.......... 12. PHaLacra, p. 345.
6*. Fore wing with no areole........ 13. DRAPETODES, p. 346,
b. Proboscis and frenulum absent.
a’, Fore wing with veins 9, 10, 11 stalked,
9 anastomosing with 7 and 8 to
KONG TOK) GHOSE 5 66 uicew od co bool s 15. Orera, p. 347.
6’. Fore wing with veins 8,9, 10 stalked. 14. Crnrx, p. 347.
Genus EUCHERA.
Kuchera, Hiibn. Zutr. 3, p. 29, no. 260 (1825).
Cyclidia, Guen. Sp. Gén. Lép. Phal. i, p. 62 (1857).
Type, E. substigmaria, Hiibn.
Range. Japan; China; Himalayas; Assam; Burma; Sumatra.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antenne thickened
and laminate. Mid tibiz with one pair of short spurs; hind tibiz
with two pairs. Fore wing broad; the costa arched; the apex
slightly acute ; vein 1 a forming a fork with 1 6, and then leaving
it again as a spur; 5 from some way above the angle of cell; 6
from below the upper angle; 7,8, 9,10 stalked. Hind wing with
the costa slightly excised before the apex; the discocellulars
nearly straight ; 5 from some way above lower angle of cell.
696. Euchera substigmaria, Hiibn. Zutr. eS) p. 29, no. 260, fies. 519,
520; C. § S. no. 3119.
Head black; thorax white; abdomen brownish white. Fore
wing pale grey; traces of two antemedial, one medial, and two
postmedial pale waved lines ; an oblique line from the apex cross-
ing the postmedial lines to centre of inner margin, beyond which
the area is whiter; two pale brown blotches above inner margin
near outer angle; a waved submarginal line formed of dark specks
328 DREPANULIDA.
with two black specks inside it at outer angle. Hind wing white ;
a large round black spot at end of cell; indistinct medial and
postmedial brown bands; a submarginal waved line of black
specks.
Fig. 225.—Kuchera substigmaria, S. t.
Larva with 10 prolegs: black with head and anal segment
ringed with black; a sublateral white line; series of white and
yellow lateral transverse streaks.
Hab. Dharmsala; Nepal; Sikhim; Assam; Burma. wp. 82
millim.
697. Euchera rectificata, Wik. Cat. xxiv, p. 1142; C. § S. no. 3128.
Cyclidia patulata, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1537.
Cyclidia muricolaria, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1485; C. § S. no. 3124,
Head and thorax greyish brown. Fore wing greyish brown;
two antemedial waved white lines, with traces of another between
them; a similar postmedial set of lines, but doubly curved; a
pale submarginal line, with a series of large brown spots beyond
it connected by a waved line; a white spot at end of cell. Hind
wing grey, irrorated with brown scales: medial and postmedial
brown bands obsolete towards the costa; a submarginal series of
brown spots connected by a waved line.
Hiab. Sikhim ; Nagas. wp. 76-84 millim.
698. Euchera pitmani, Moore, J. A. S. B. lv, pt. 2, 1886, p. 99; 0.5 8.
no. 3118.
Head, thorax, and abdomen white; frons black; antenne
ochreous. Wings white; fore wing with some fuscous marks on
basal half of costa; a subbasal narrow line ; a broad medial fuscous
band, the discocellulars and veins crossing it white; a postmedial
curved line and submarginal series of spots, beyond which is a
EUCHERA.—MACROCILIX. 329
series of smaller black spots and fuscous series on margin. Hind
wing white, with postmedial and submarginal series of fuscous
spots; a series of black spots before the margin.
Hab. Tavoy. Exp., 3 66, 2 74 millim.
Genus MACROCILIX.
Macrocilix, Butl. Ill. Het. vi, p. 18 (1886).
Type, MW. mysticata, W1k.
Range. Himalayas ; Khasi Hills; Borneo.
Palpi very minute; proboscis present. Mid tibia with one
pair of spurs; hind tibia with two pairs. Fore wing with the
apex rounded; the discocellulars highly angled; vein 6 from some
way below the angle of cell; 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Sect. I. Antenne with the branches long in male, short in female.
Fore wing with veins 10 and 11 stalked and not forming an
areole with 9.
699. Macrocilix mysticata, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1617; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 106, fig. 4; C.& S. no. 1258,
Head, thorax, and abdomen white; vertex of thorax and
abdomen fulvous. Wings semitransparent white. Fore wing
with a broad somewhat irregular golden-brown postmedial band
from the subcostals to inner margin, with a white streak on the
discocellulars and short streaks on veins 3 and 4; two pale lines
on the band from the cell to inner margin; two submarginal
Fig. 226.—Macrocilix mysticata, 3. t.
lunulate fuscous interrupted bands. Hind wing similar; the
band sending a tooth outwards near inner margin, and another
along the inner margin halfway to the base with a silvery line on
it; some silvery scales on the outer edge of the band near inner
margin; a yellow patch on the outer margin near anal angle with
three black specks on it.
Hab. Dharmsala; Sikhim. vp. 42 millim.
330 DREPANULID.
Sect. II. Antenne of male thickened and flattened by appressed
serrations. Fore wing with veins 10 and 11 from cell; 10
anastomosing with 8 and 9 to form an areole.
700. Macrocilix orbiferata, Wk. Cat. xxiv, p. 1126.
Aregyris insignata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 645; C. § S. no. 1262.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; antenne ochreous.
Fore wing white; a broad fuscous streak on basal half of costa;
an antemedial irregular indistinct fuscous band; a similar post-
medial broader band, its median porticn traversed by a white line;
a maculate submarginal band. Hind wing white; a postmedial
band obsolescent towards costa, broad towards inner margin, and
traversed by a white line; a yellow patch at anal angle, with sub-
marginal and marginal series of dark spots and strige on it.
Hab. Sikhim ; Bhutan; Khasis; Borneo. xp. 27 millim.
Genus MACRAUZATA.
Macrauzata, Butl. Ill. Het. vii, p. 43 (1889).
Type, M. fenestraria, Moore.
Range. Japan; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim.
Palpi very minute; proboscis present. Antenne with short
pectinations in female; mid and hind tibiz with very short ter-
minal pairs of spurs. Frenulum present. Fore wing with the
apex falecate and acute, the discocellulars highly angled; vein 6
from angle of cell; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked and from some way before
the angle.
701. Macrauzata fenestraria, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 689; C. & 8,
no. 3504,
2. Yellowish white. Fore wing with a very large irregular
hyaline patch occupying the end of the cell and the area beyond
Fig. 227.—Macrauzata fenestraria, 2. 1.
and below it, the veins crossing it yellowish; two fulvous lines
MACRAUZATA.—DITRIGONA. 331
crossing the wing on the inner edge of the hyaline area and two
running round its outer edge, then bent before the inner margin,
some dark ferruginous on the upper edge of the patch; a waved
submarginal pale line. Hind wing similar; the hyaline patch
much more irregular.
Hab. Japan; Kangra; Sikhim. xp. 60-66 millim.
Genus AUZATA.
Auzata, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1620 (1862).
Type, A. senipavonaria, W1k.
Range. Himalayas.
Palpi slight and upturned ; proboscis present. Antenne slightly
thickened and flattened. Frenulum present. Fore wing with the
apex acute; outer margin angled slightly at vein 3; vein 6 from
just below the angle of cell; veins 7,8, 9,10 stalked and from the
angle. Hind wing angled at vein 3 and crenulate from thence
to anal angle.
702. Auzata semipavonaria, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1620; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 106, fig. 1; C. § S. no. 1257.
Head, thorax, and abdomen white. Fore wing white; two
waved and curved indistinct antemedial brownish-fuscous lines
interrupted at the veins ; two similar postmedial lines with a large
“comma” -shaped yellow-brown mark on them from veins 1 to 5,
Fig. 228.—Auzata semipavonaria, o. }.
with a black spot centred with silvery blue on it at the beginning
of the “tail”; submarginal and marginal similar lines. Hind
wing white, with three similar pairs of lines, but without the spot ;
traces of a third line outside the postmedial pair.
Hab. Simla; Kulu; Sikhim. E£vzp., 3 42, 9 50 millim.
Genus DITRIGONA.
Ditrigona, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 58 (1879).
Type, D. triangularia, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi minute, proboscis present. Antenne with the branches
rather short ; mid tibia with one pair of long spurs, hind tibia
332 DREPANULIDA.
with two pairs. Frenulum present. Fore wing with the apex
produced and acute; vein 6 from the areole, which is large and
formed by vein 10 anastomosing with 8 and 9. Hind wing with
the anal angle much produced and slightly lobed.
703. Ditrigona triangularia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 612; C. § S.
no, 4024,
Head, thorax, and abdomen white.
Fore wing white; two waved, slightly
oblique, antemedial fuscous lines; a
straight medial line and two waved
postmedial lines; costa ochreous.
Hind wing with an antemedial nearly
straight line; a medial straight line
and two postmedial slightly waved
«999 —Ditri .,. lines, all meeting near anal angle; a
Me elon Go n plack spot on the anal lobe. Cilia of
both wings fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Evp., 3 36, Q 38 millim.
Genus TELDENIA.
Teldenia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. p. 119 (1882).
Type, 7. vestigiata, Butl.
Range. Sikhim ; Naga Hills; Ceylon.
Palpi slender, reaching the vertex of head; proboscis present.
Antenne with the branches long in male, ciliate in female. Mid
and hind tibie with terminal pairs of spurs. Frenulum present.
Fore wing with the apex very slightly produced and acute; veins
6, 7, and 10 from the areole, which is long and formed by vein 9
anastomosing with 8. Hind wing rounded.
704. Teldenia vestigiata, Buti. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, 1880, p. 222; zd.
Til. Het. vi, pl. 118, fig. 10; C.& S. no. 8601.
Teldenia alba, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. p. 120; C. & S. no. 3600.
3. Pure white ; fore wings with a postmedial series of ochreous
spots, inwardly bordered by dark lunules,
the four upper spots placed in pairs,
the three lower recurved towards the
base ; two indistinct interrupted waved
lines beyond the spots, the inner line
recurved towards base near inner mar-
gin; a series of marginal black specks.
Larva green, with subdorsal series of
Fig. 230.—Teldenia ves- purple spots and a lateral series of
tigiata, @. 1. black spots: dorsal tubercles on Ist
and 11th somites, and a slender process
on 8rd somite ; a long slender process projecting backwards from
11th somite.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas; Ceylon. Hap. 25 millim.
LEUCODREPANA.—DREPANA. 333
Genus LEUCODREPANA, nov.
Type, L. tdeoides, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim ; Naga Hills.
Proboscis present; palpi porrect, slender, and reaching beyond
the frons; antennse thickened and flattened in both sexes. Mid
tibie with one pair of long spurs, hind tibie with two pairs.
Frenulum present. Fore wing with the apex somewhat acute ;
vein 6 given off after the angle of cell; 7 from end of areole,
which is long, and formed by 9 and 10 anastomosing strongly
with 8; 11 from the cell.
705. Leucodrepana idzoides, n. sp.
Pure shining white; fore wing
with an indistinct subbasal fuscous
line ; both wings with two oblique
antemedial waved lines and two
postmedial, angled below the costa
of fore wing and bent towards inner
margin of hind wing; a waved sub-
marginal and fine marginal line.
Fig. 231.—Leucodrepana Hab, Sikhim, 10,000 feet (Moller,
ideoides, S. - Elwes). Exp. 33 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
706. Leucodrepana nivea, n. sp.
@. Differs from ideoides in being of a less shining white ; fore
wing with no subbasal line; the first pair of lines more oblique ;
the outer area with three waved lines at even distances apart.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Exp. 31 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
707. Leucodrepana obliquilinea, n. sp.
Differs from the two preceding species in having the first pair
of lines exceedingly oblique, arising from near the apex, and
almost straight; the three outer lines disposed as in zdaoides, but
almost straight.
Hab, Sikbim (Moller); Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp,
3S 30, 9 34 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus DREPANA.
Drepana, Schr. Faun. Bovca, ii, 2, p. 155 (1802).
Albara, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1566 (1866).
Agnidra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 618.
Peridrepana, But. Ill. Het. vii, p. 43 (1889).
Callidrepana, Feld. Reis. Nov. Lep. pl. 88, fig. 11, Erk. p. 2 (1867).
Type, D. falcataria, Linn., from Europe.
Range. N. America; Europe; Japan; Himalayas; Nilgiris ;
Ceylon; Assam Hills; Burma; Sumatra; Borneo; Solomon Islands.
Palpislight and upturned; proboscis present. Frenulum present.
304. DREPANULID®.
Fore wing with the apex generally produced and acute ; veins 6 and
11 may be given off from the cell or from the areole, which may be
formed by the anastomosis of veins 8, 9, and 10, or 8 and 9 only.
Srcr. I. (Drepana). Fore wing with vein 10 given off after the
areole; 11 from the cell. Antenne bipectinate in male,
ciliated in female; mid tibia with one pair of spurs, hind
tibia with two pairs.
A. Fore wing with the apex falcate, the areole long.
708. Drepana pallida, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 84; C. § S. no. 1239,
55
Fig. 232.-—Drepana pallida, S. 1}.
°
Pale brown. Fore wing with traces of several antemedial lines ;
a dark spot at end of cell; an oblique fulvous band from near
apex to inner margin beyond the middle, slightly bent near inner
margin; a series of indistinct submarginal dark specks. Hind
wing similar, the fulvous band curved.
Had. Sikhim. Lzp., ¢ 44, 2 60 millim.
709. Drepana hyalina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 401; Buti. Ill. Het.
vii, pl. 125, fig. 1.
White, with a slight fuscous tinge. Fore wing crossed by two
waved fuscous antemedial lines; a dark speck at lower angle of
cell ; two waved lines beyond the cell, the outer line expanding
into a band towards inner margin ; submarginal and marginal series
of indistinct specks. Hind wing with one antemedial, two post-
medial, and one submarginal indistinct waved lines.
In a Kulu specimen the markings are almost obsolete.
Hab. Dharmsala; Kulu. wp. 43 millim.
710. Drepana rufofasciata, n. sp.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Fore wing pale brown,
with a broad median rufous band occupying half the wing, and
bearing two white spots on the costa, from which indistinct pale
waved lines proceed to inner margin; a round grey-centred dark
spot at lower angle of cell; a submarginal series of black specks.
Hind wing pale brown, with traces of two antemedial pale lines ;
a black speck at end of cell; three postmedial waved lines.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Eavp. 43 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
DREPANA. 339
711. Drepana ochreipennis, n. sp.
Reddish ochreous, clouded with reddish brown. Fore wing
crossed by ante- and postmedial whitish narrow bands or series of
small spots; a dark speck at end of cell. Hind wing with a
speck at end of cell, and a postmedial white band or series of
spots.
oan Sikhim (Moller). Hap., $ 28, 2 30 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
B. Forewing with the apex not falcate.
712. Drepana quinaria, Moore, P. Z. 8.1867, p.618; C. § S. no. 3142.
g. White, with a very slight ochreous tinge; the branches of
antenne ochreous; fore wing crossed by about seven very indis-
tinct pale waved lines; hind wing by one medial and three post-
medial similar lines.
@. Purer white, with the lines shghtly better marked.
Hab. Sikhim, 7000-10,000 feet. Hap., ¢ 38, 2 36 millim.
713. Drepana innotata, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen white. Wings hyaline, with a
few scattered white scales and absolutely without markings.
Hab. Kulu (Graham-Young). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.
C. Fore wing falcate ; the areole short ; vein 6 from angle of cell.
714. Drepana fasciata, n. sp.
2. Head, antenne, and legs brown; thorax and abdomen white.
Wings silvery white, crossed by ante- and postmedial straight
ferruginous lines; a waved submarginal indistinct line ; cilia and
costa of fore wing ferruginous.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp. 48 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Sucr. IL. (Albara). Fore wing with vein 10 from end of areole ;
11 from the cell.
A. Antenne simple in female ; the distal portion serrate in male.
715. Drepana specularia, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1553; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 106, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 1255.
Red-brown ; the head chestnut. Fore wing with traces of two
antemedial and two postmedial waved lines; a pale spot in the
cell, two below the origin of vein 2, a large patch in and beyond
the end of cell, the discocellulars and veins 3 and 4 where they
cross it dark; postmedial and submarginal indistinct waved lines.
336 DREPANULIDS.
Hind wing with a semihyaline patch inand beyond the end of cell,
the veins crossing it dark; traces of two antemedial, two post-
medial, and a submarginal dark waved line.
Hab. Sikbim. ep. 46 millim.
716. Drepana discispilaria, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 619; C. & S.
no. 1255.
Agnidra usta, Buti. Ill. Het. vi, p. 17, pl. 106, fig.2; C. § S.
no. 1256.
3. Differs from specularia in the head being dark brown ; the
pale patches at end of cell of both wings replaced by a round dark
spot with grey centre.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 44 millim.
717. Drepana perhamata, n. sp.
@. Fore wing with the apex extremely produced. Head,
thorax, and legs dull red-brown. Fore wing with a broad purplish-
fuscous medial band with waved edges ; an indistinct waved post-
medial line; the outer area suffused with fuscous, the nervules
crossing it pale. Hind wing with the basal area fuscous, its outer
edge waved ; two pale specks at end of cell; an indistinct post-
medial waved line.
3. Much more uniform purple; some brown appearing near
the postmedial waved lines of both wings.
Hab. Naga and Jaintia Hills. Hwp., ¢ 38, 9 42 milliim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
718. Drepana muscularia, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1554; C.§ 8. no. 1254.
3g. Dark purple-grey ; the vertex of head fulvous. Fore wing
with the costa fulvous ; antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal
waved dark lines ; a large patch of vinous red occupying the lower
half of outer area. Hind wing similar, the whole outer area
vinous.
Hab. Sikhim. Ep. 42 millim.
719. Drepana violacea, Buti. Ili. Het. vii, p. 42, pl. 124, fig. 7.
3. Pale purplish grey; the head brown. Fore wing with the
costa fulvous ; both wings with traces of a faint antemedial line
and an oblique well-defined fulvous postmedial line, which becomes
medial on the hind wing; cilia pale brown at tips.
Hab. Dharmsdla. Lvp. 38 millim.
720. Drepana lilacina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 401; Butl. Til. Het.
vil, pl. 124, figs. 8,9; C.& S. no. 1238 B.
Drepana simillima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 402; C. & S. no. 1242 a.
Pale brownish grey; the antenne darker. Fore wing with an
indistinct oblique antemédial chestnut line; a chestnut postmedial
line from apex to inner margin beyond the middle; some dark
DREPANA. aout
submarginal specks. Hind wing with subbasal and medial straight
chestnut lines.
One specimen from Sikhim has the chestnut lines very broad
and prominent, and a chestnut band at middle of abdomen.
Hab. Dharmsila; Kangra; Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.
721. Drepana orphnina, n. sp.
$. Uniform dark purplish grey. Fore wing with traces of a
dark line on discocellulars, and two antemedial, three postmedial,
and one submarginal line. Hind wing with traces of one antemedial,
three postmedial, and one submarginal line. Underside pale, the
costa of fore wing tinged with red.
Hab. Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). wp. 32 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
722. Drepana prunicolor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 288.
3. Dark purplish grey. Fore wing with an acutely angled
yellowish antemedial line ; a similar postmedial line met at the
angle by a yellow line from the apex; a pale submarginal line.
Hind wing with slightly curved subbasal, medial, and submarginal
yellowish lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.
*723. Drepana postica, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 84, pl. 2, fig. 8; C.§ S.
no. 1241.
dg. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing purplish brown, the
last with the base and outer angle yellowish; an indistinct ante-
medial line; an oblique dark line from near the apex to centre of
inner margin; a submarginal series of specks. Hind wing pale
yellow, with ante- and postmedial curved darker lines; some sub-
marginal specks; both wings with a white speck at end of cell.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 37 millim.
724. Drepana vinacea, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 85; C. § S. no. 1244,
$. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark purplish grey. Fore wing
reddish brown, suffused with purplish on inner and outer areas ;
a double oblique line from near the apex to inner margin beyond
the middle; an indistinct waved submarginal line. Hind wing
entirely suffused with purplish; the double line medial ; traces of
two submarginal lines. Underside ochreous, with a speck at end
of cell of each wing; purplish blotches beyond the oblique line of
the fore wing; hind wing with a curved medial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim.
725. Drepana fenestraria, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 618; C. & 8.
no. 3141,
9. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing pale
VOL. I.
3838 DREPANULID A.
ochreous, slightly suffused with fuscous; an oblique black line
from lower angle of cell to inner margin; an oblique postmedial
line from apex ; a trifid hyaline patch before the postmedial line
from vein 2 to 5, the latter being bent; a lunulate submarginal
pale line; a marginal fine dark line. Hind wing pale ochreous,
with straight ante- and postmedial lines and waved submarginal
line, the area between the two latter suffused with fuscous ; a fine
marginal line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.
726. Drepana trilinearia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 618; C. & S.
no. 3143.
3. Differs from fenestrariain the head being black. Fore wing
with the basal and costal areas suffused with fuscous; no oblique
line from lower angle of cell; no hyaline patch ; vein 5 straight, the
postmedial line angled below the costa; the submarginal line of
both wings straight. Hind wing with the inner area slightly
suffused with fuscous ; the ante- and postmedial lines indistinct.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 32 millim.
727. Drepana excisa, n. sp.
g. Fore wing with the outer margin deeply excised below
the apex; hind wing angled at vein 4; hind tibize with one pair of
spurs.
* Differs from fenestraria in not being suffused with fuscous : fore
wing with the hyaline patch extending from veins 2 to 4; vein 5
straight; the postmedial line curved. Hind wing with the sub-
marginal line straight.
Hab. Sikhim ; Naga Hills, 1500 feet (Doherty). Hap. 28 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
B. (Callidrepana). Antenne bipectinated in both sexes, the
branches long in the male.
723. Drepana argenteola, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 369 (1859).
Drepana patrana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 816; C. & S. no. 1240.
Drepana biocularis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 84, pl. 2, fig. 9; C.§ S.
no. £236.
Drepana bracteata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 5.
Head fulvous; thorax and abdomen pale fawn-colour. Wings
pale or dark fawn-colour. Fore wing with traces of an antemedial
waved line; a dark patch on the discocellulars, often wanting; a
double brown line from the apex to inner margin beyond the middle;
a series of submarginal dark specks on the veins ; the area in the
cell and below the costa, the veins, the outer edge of the oblique line,
and the outer margin spangled with brilliant bluish-silver scales.
Hind wing with a double straight medial line not reaching the
DREPANA, 339
costa ; a postmedial series of specks; silvery scales on outer edge
of the line and on outer margin.
The form bracteata from Ceylon is much darker, with the disco-
cellular patch of the fore wing broken up into three small spots,
and with more silvery irroration.
Hab. Sikhim; Burma; Ceylon; Java. Ewp., 3 35-45, 2 50
millim.
729. Drepana argentilinea, W/k. Cat. xxxii, p. 394
Callidrepana argentifera, Druce, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 574, pl. 29, fig. 3.
3. Ochreous white. Fore wing with a dark line with a few
silvery scales on it along basal two-thirds of costa; two dark streaks
at end of cell; an elongate black spot on discocellulars with some
silvery scales on it ; a dark streak from upper angle of cell to near
apex, then curved round and waved to inner margin and with silvery
scales on it; an indistinct streak beyond the cell; a marginal
silvery line; the marginal area slightly suffused with orange.
Hind wing with a silvery submarginal line towards anal angle, with
orange suffusion between it and margin.
Hab. Burma; Singapore; Sula; Solomons. ap. 26 millim.
730. Drepana pulcherrima, n. sp.
3g. Head bright chestnut ; thorax and abdomen ochreous brown.
Fore wing pale olive-green suffused with chestnut, especially on
inner basal area; a waved and angled indistinct antemedial black
line ; a postmedial oblique chestnut line from costa before apex to
inner margin beyond the middle, with an indistinct black line
before it angled below the costa; a submarginal series of black
specks; numerous silvery and a few black scales below the costa,
on inner basal area, and on each side of the oblique line. Hind
wing with the costal area yellow, without markings; the inner half
of wing chestnut-brown, irrorated with silvery scales ; black ante-
and postmedial lines, the latter followed by a red-brown band, then
a black-brown band, and a marginal red-brown band with some
yellow lunules at anal angle; both wings with a marginal silvery
line. Cilia of both wings red-brown tipped with silver. Under-
side yellow, with a medial black band across the hind wing.
Allied to D. micacea, W1k., from Borneo.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley, Burma (Doherty). Exp. 42 millim.
Type in coll. Druce.
731. Drepana duplex, Moore, P. Z.S. 1865, p. 816, pl. 43, fig. 8;
C.& S. no, 1237.
Q. Head and thorax purplish grey; abdomen and fore wing
pale brown, suffused with purplish grey. Fore wing with two
antemedial waved dark lines; a dark oblique line from the apex to
centre of inner margin, the outer line deep black; a pale apical
Z2
340 DREPANULID A.
patch with dark outline irrorated with brown, but without purplish
suffusion ; the marginal area similar, with a brown submarginal
line. Hind wing pale brownish ochreous; a broad purplish ante-
medial band with dark outer edge; the outer area striated with
brown. Cilia of both wings dark.
Hab. Sikhim. zp. 68 millim.
732. Drepana specularis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 407; id. Lep. Ceyl.
ui, pl. 124, fig. 2; C. & S. no. 1248.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous brown ; the vertex of
head and shaft of antenne white. Fore wing pale ochreous brown;
an indistinct antemedial irregular fuscous band; the outer area
suffused with fuscous, leaving the veins pale; a pale oblique line
from near the apex to inner margin beyond the middle; a sub-
marginal series of black spots. Hind wing wholly suffused with
fuscous, except the base and apex; the oblique line medial; two
hyaline spots beyond the cell between veins 4 and 6; the submar-
ginal spots indistinct.
Hab. Sikhim; Ceylon. Ezp., g 34, 2 66 millim.
733. prepens flava, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 84, pl. 2, fig. 7; GC & S.
no. 12388.
2. Chrome-yellow ; head and antenne fulyous. Fore wing
with an indistinct dark waved antemedial line; a speck at end of
cell; two short waved lines beyond lower angle of cell; a waved
postmedial line; two series of dark submarginal lunules, two of
the outer series below the apex having white centres. Hind wing
with a dark spot at end of cell; a waved postmedial line and two
submarginal series of lunules.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 58 millim.
Secr. III. Fore wing with vein 11 given off from the middle of
the areole, 10 from the end of it; mid tibia with no spurs ;
hind tibia with a terminal pair.
A. Antenne of female ciliate ; of male bipectinate, the distal
portion serrate.
734, Drepana albonotata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 83 (1879); C. § S.
no. 12365.
Callidrepana ochrea, Buti. Ill. Het. vi, p. 17, pl. 105, fig. 10 (1886).
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Wings chrome-yellow.
Fore wing with the costa dark; traces of an antemedial waved
dark line; a dark speck in the cell, and two silvery-white specks
at end of it, the speck at lower angle on a fulvous ground; traces
of waved postmedial and submarginal dark lines; a purplish mar-
ginal patch below the apex, the cilia beyond it rufous, all the
DREPANA. 341
markings irrorated with silvery scales. Hind wing with traces of
antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal waved dark lines.
The form ochrea differs in having an orange tinge, and the lines
almost obsolete, as are the silvery-white specks at end of cell of
both wings.
In the Nilgiri specimen the apex of fore wing is rather more
produced.
Hab. Sikhim; Nilgiris. vp. 34-38 millim.
735. Drepana sadana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 817; C. § S. no, 1242.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow; frons and antenne
brown. Fore wing luteous yellow ; traces of an antemedial waved
dark line ; an orange spot in the cell and one at end of it; a large
purplish or red-brown patch beyond the lower angle of cell, with
two dark spots on it and some chestnut on its upper edge; a sub-
marginal series of indistinct spots, two below the apex being pro-
minent; a chestnut patch on outer margin below the apex. Hind
wing with indistinct antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal
waved dark lines.
The patch of fore wing is very variable in extent, being some-
times joined to the marginal patch and occupying the whole outer
area except the costa, while sometimes both are almost absent.
Hab. Sikhim. Evp. 40 millim.
736. Drepana xanthoptera, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish yellow. Wings bright
ochreous. Fore wing with a curved red-brown antemedial line; an
oblique line from the costa before the apex to centre of inner margin;
a submarginal series of dark specks, the two nearest the apex with
white spots inside them; apex and outer margin suffused with
red-brown. Hind wing with ante- and postmedial red-brown lines ;
a white speck at end of cell; a submarginal series of dark specks.
Hab. Naga Hills, 1500 feet (Doherty); Khasi Hills. Hap. 30-36
millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
737. Drepana ferrea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig 15.
@. Chestnut-brown, with a purplish tinge. Fore wing with
indistinct maculate ante-and postmedial fuscous bands ; two white
dark-outlined specks at end of cell; traces of a submarginal series
of dark specks; a dark blotch on outer margin below the apex.
Hind wing with the markings similar ; one white speck at end of
cell.
Hab. Ceylon. Hap. 42 millim.
738. Drepana quadripunctata, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 175.
Head red-brown ; thorax, abdomen, and wings reddish ochreous,
the last with waved ante- and postmedial lines and two black
342 DREPANULID 2.
specks on the discocellulars; the postmedial line of fore wing
angled beyond the cell, the angle ending in a dark speck on vein 6.
Underside with the black specks and postmedial line prominent on
both wings.
Hab. Néga Hills; Perak. Exp., ¢ 26, 2 38 millim.
739. Drepana vira, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1865, p. 817; C. & S. no. 1245.
Head, thorax, and fore wing violaceous grey ; abdomen and
hind wing yellow. Fore wing with an antemedial erect red-brown
line arising from a dark spot on the costa; a similar postmedial
spot ; a white speck at upper angle of cell and two at lower angle ;
an oblique submarginal nearly straight red-brown line; cilia chest-
nut. Underside yellow.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 30 millim.
B. Antenne bipectinate to apex m male.
740. Drepana fulva, n. sp.
3. Bright fulvous yellow; head and collar bright ferruginous.
Fore wing with traces of two dark specks beyond the cell in the
interspaces between veins 2 and 4; the cilia fuscous, greyish at
tips. Hind wing uniform fulvous yellow.
@. Much browner.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes). Hap. 44 milliim. ‘Type in coll. Elwes.
741. Drepana hyalinata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 688; C. § S.
no. 3506,
Fore wing with the apex rounded, the outer margin slightly
angled.
2. Antenne bipectinate, the branches long. Head, thorax,
and abdomen grey; vertex of thorax and abdomen suffused with
rust-red. Fore wing hyaline; the basal area sparsely clad with
rust-red scales, and terminating in an angle at lower extremity of
cell; traces of an irregular hyaline antemedial line; an irregular
submarginal rust-red band outlined,in black, curved and narrow
below the costa and angled at vein 3. Hind wing hyaline, with
some rust-red scales on inner margin, and a rust-red lunulate
submarginal band outlined in black.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 32 millim.
Genus SPICA.
Spica, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 424.
Type, S. luteola, Swinh.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi of moderate léngth, the first two joints thickly scaled ;
proboscis present. Antenne of male with the branches short and
SPICA.—THYMISTADA. 343
close together; mid tibize with one pair of spurs, hind tibiz with
two pairs. Fore wing with vein 6 from just above angle of cell ;
7 and 10 from the areole, 8 and 9 from end of it ; frenulum
present.
742. Spica luteola, Swink. P. Z. 8. 1889, p. 424, pl. 44, fie. 10.
Head, thorax, and abdomen
\ orange-yellow. Fore wing yellow,
aN irrorated with orange scales; an
2 angled ferruginous antemedial
he line; an oblique postmedial line ;
Ly Us renitorm outlined with ferrugi-
nous; a curved submarginal line;
Fig. 233.—Spica luteola, g. +. an oblique apical streak. Hind
wing pale ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim. xp. 34 millim.
Genus THYMISTADA.
Thymistada, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 515 (1865).
Type, 7. tripunctata, W1k.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi slender, upturned and reaching vertex of head; proboscis
present. Antenne with the branches long in male. Mid tibia
with one pair of long spurs; hind tibia with two pairs. Frenulum
present. Fore wing with the apex falcate and pointed; outer margin
angled at vein 3; veins 6, 7, and 10 from the areole, which is
large and formed by the anastomosis of 8 and 9. Hind wing with
the inner margin deeply excised at anal angle.
743. Thymistada tripunctata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 515; C § S.
no. 1234.
Erosia cervinaria, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 646; C. & S. no. 3052.
Head red-brown ; thorax, abdomen, and fore wing dark pur-
plish brown; the last with waved
dark antemedial, postmedial, and
submarginal lines, im some speci-
mens, with a few grey scales on
their outer edges; three dark
specks on the 4iscocellulars ;
costa and outer margin red-
brown; cilia black, with pale
tips. Hind wing pale fuscous;
a dark patch at anal angle, with
a bent line of white scales on it ;
ae pale at apical area, black with pale tips towards anal
angle.
g. 234.
Tepes sepnictitas Go sn
344 DREPANULID.
©. Paler.
There is a large paler form also from Sikhim.
Hab. Sikhim. Hp. 36-40 millim.
Genus DEROCA.
Deroca, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 822 (1855).
Type, D. hyalina, W1k.
Range. Japan; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Nagas; Manipur;
Pegu.
Palpi short and slight; proboscis present. Antennsz with the
branches long in male, short in female. Mid tibia with one pair
of minute spurs, hind tibia with two pairs. Frenulum absent.
Fore wing with apex rounded ; vein 6 from the areole, 7 and 10
from the end of it. Hind wing with vein 8 anastomosing strongly
with 7.
744. Deroca hyalina, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 823; C. § S. no. 899.
Head, thorax, and abdomen blackish, sparsely covered with
white hair. Wings hyaline: fore wing with traces of two ante-
medial waved lines, and both wings with two postmedial and one
submarginal waved line; a series of marginal spots and a marginal
more or less prominent dark line.
There is a small less completely hyaline form from Sikhim that
may be distinct.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim; Nagas; Manipur; HE. Pegu.
Exp. 34-44 millim.
745. Deroca inconclusa, Wk. Cat. vii, p. 1727.
Deroca maculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 575; C. & S. no, 900.
Differs from hyalina in the wings being clothed sparsely with
white hair. Fore wing with two
black spots below the costa on
basal area; two below them in
and below the cell; a series of
three antemedial spots, on costa,
at origin of vein 2, and on inner
margin; a postmedial series of
four spots, two being on the dis-
cocellulars ; a submarginal series
of dentate spots interrupted at
Fig. 235.—Deroca inconclusa,g. }. middle, with a white line running
through them; three pairs of
marginal spots. Hind wing with two indistinct postmedial macu-
late bands; a black spot at apex, a pair at middle of outer margin,
and a pair at anal angle.
Hab. Japan ; N.W. Himalayas ; Nagas; Manipur. Lup., g 33,
© 36-43 millim.
PHALAORA. 345
Genus PHALACRA.
Phalacra, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1638 (1866).
Type, P. vidhisara, W1k.
Range. India and Ceylon.
Palpi short and slight; proboscis present. Antenne serrate in
male, thickened and flattened in female. Mid tibia with one pair
of long spurs, hind tibia with two pairs. Frenulum absent.
Fore wing produced, the apex acute ; vein 6 from below the angle
of cell; 7 from the areole which is formed by 9 and 10 anasto-
mosing with 8. Hind wing with the outer margin straight from
anal angle to vein 6, where it is angled.
Scr. I. Wings with the outer margins not excised
below the apices.
746. Phalacra vidhisara, Wik. Cat. xxi, p. 8319; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pl. 201, figs. 1, 1a (larva); C. § S. no. 4011.
Phalacra metagonaria, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1639.
Pale reddish brown, sparsely irrorated with black scales. Fore
wing with traces of an antemedial waved black line; postmedial
and submarginal series of black specks. Hind wing with an in-
<4
Fig. 236.—Phalacra vidhisara, 2. t+.
distinct subbasal line; a double medial line; postmedial and sub-
marginal series of black specks. Cilia of both wings traversed by
a black line.
Larva fusiform, the head broad; lateral and dorsal sets and
prolonged anal setaceous spines ; colour green, with a dorsal pink
band laterally bordered by yellow, and two red lines.
Pupa purple-brown, covered with white bloom.
Hab. Bombay; Calcutta; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Kap., 3 28, 2
38 millim.
Srcr. II. Both wings with the outer margins excised
below the apices.
747. Phalacra excisa, n. sp.
2. Grey-brown. Fore wing with the outer margin excised
below the apex and angled at vein 4; traces of numerous waved
346 DREPANULIDZ.
lines; a black spot in the cell; a pale postmedial band with waved
edges; a dark speck on the costa before the apex. Hind wing
paler, with the lines nearly straight, two antemedial, four post-
medial, and one submarginal line being prominent, the outer
margin excised between the apex and the much-produced angle
at vein 6.
Hab. Sikhim. Ezep. 36 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
Genus DRAPETODES.
Drapetodes, Guen. Sp. Gén. Lép. Phal. i, p. 424 (1857).
Type, D. mitaria, Guen.
Range. Sikhim; Sylhet; Nagas; Ceylon; Singapore.
Palpi slender and upturned, reaching vertex of head, the third
joint short ; proboscis present. Antenne thickened and flattened
in both sexes. Legs naked; mid tibia with one pair, hind tibia
with two pairs of long spurs. Frenulum absent. Fore wing with
the apex rounded ; vein 6 from below the angle of cell; 7 from
the angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked.
748. Drapetodes mitaria, Guen. Sp. Gén. Lép. Phal.i, p. 424; C.& 8.
no. 3990.
Drapetodes fratercula, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 541, pl. 200, figs. 1,
la (larva); C. & S. no. 3589.
Anisodes ? platycerata, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1586.
Fulvous yellow. Fore wing with a plumbeous line below the
costa of fore wing from the base to
the apex, then passing inside the outer
margin to outer angle ; two indistinct
dentate antemedial lines; two dark
specks at end of cell; the area just
beyond the cell suffused with purplish
erey ; three obliquely-waved and curved
lines from the costa near apex to centre
Drapetodesmitaria, 3. }. of inner margin, where they almost
meet ; the area near outer angle suf-
fused with purplish grey. Hind wing with two subbasal lines; a
broad medial purplish-grey band with dark edges, three waved
lines beyond it, and a leaden submarginal line.
The form fratercula, from Sikhim, the Nagas, and Ceylon, has the
basal area of both wings, the apex of fore wing, and outer area of
hind wing very pale yellow, and all the markings well defined; the
meso- and metathorax and abdomen pale, the last with dark
bands.
Larva pale salmon-pink; head pale yellow, with two brown
transverse bands ; anal somite tapering to a bifid point, each somite
with six small setaceous glandular spines. Dorsal surface of 1st,
2nd, and 3rd somites dull green, of 4th, 5th, 10th, and 11th dark
brown; lateral area of 6th to 9th yellow; a lateral series of six
DRAPETODES.—ORETA. 347
dark brown diagonal stripes. Spins a cocoon in a rolled-up leaf ;
pupa covered with white bloom.
Hab, Sikhim ; Sylhet; Nagas; Ceylon; Singapore. Hup., ¢ 28,
2 32 millim.
Genus CILIX.
Cilix, Leach, Edinb. Encycl. ix, p. 134 (1815).
Euclea, Hiibn. Verz. p. 149 (1818).
Type, C. glaucata, Scop.
Range. N. America; Europe ; Himalayas.
Proboscis absent; antenne of male bipectinated, the branches
short, of female serrate. Fore wing with veins 6 and 7 from angle
of cell; 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with vein 8 anastomosing
with 7 beyond the cell.
In American and European specimens the palpi are minute and
porrect; the hind tibize have two pairs of spurs; fore wing with
vein 7 separate from 8, 9,10. In Himalayan specimens the palpi
are absent; the hind tibie have but one pair of spurs, and vein 7
of the fore wing is bent upwards and almost, or quite, anastomoses
with 8, 9, 10.
749. Cilix glaucata, Scop. Ent. Carn. p. 221.
Bombyx ruffa, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, 2, p. 1068.
Bombyx compressa, Fabr. Gen. Ins. p. 279.
Geometra modesta, Naturf. xiii, 27, pl. 3, fig. 4.
Head and thorax fuscous; collar and
tegule pure white; abdomen white,
slightly ringed with fuscous. Fore wing
pure shining white ; a large leaden patch
on centre of inner margin irrorated with
white, with some olive on its upper
edge and above it; a more or less obso-
lete fuscous band from beyond the upper
angle of cell to the leaden patch; raised ridges of white scales on
end of median nervure and origins of veins 2, 3, 4; a submarginal
fuscous line from vein 6 to inner margin, with a series of marginal
leaden lunules beyond it; cilia fuscous. Hind wing white, with a
marginal fuscous lunular band.
Hab. N. America; Europe; Simla; Dalhousie. Ewp., 3 24,
Q 26 millim.
Fig. 238.
Cilix glaucata, Q. }.
Genus ORETA.
Oreta, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1166 (1855).
Cobanilla, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 120 (1883).
Type, O. eatensa, W1k.
Range. N. America; Japan; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Java.
348 DREPANULID®.
Proboscis absent. Antenne serrate in both sexes or bipectinate
in male. Legs fringed with hair. Frenulum absent. Fore wing
produced and falcate, the apex rounded ; vein 6 from angle of cell ;
7 and 8 stalked; 9, 10, 11 stalked, 9 anastomosing shortly with
7 and 8.
Sxcr. I. (Oreta). Palpi minute; mid and hind tibie
without spurs.
A. Antenne with the serrations not coalescing.
750. Oreta extensa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1166; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 124,
figs. 3,3a; C.§S. no. 1246.
Oreta suffusa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1167.
Head and legs bright orange or scarlet; thorax and abdomen
yellow, with a pink tinge. Both wings yellow, suffused with pink-
ish brown, sometimes uniformly, but generally the basal area of
Fig. 239.—Oreta extensa, g. }.
fore wing and the whole outer area of hind wing, except the apex,
is not suffused; both wings with numerous small, dark, evenly
distributed and more or less prominent spots, and two white
specks on the discocellulars. Fore wing with a yellow oblique line
from the apex to inner margin beyond the middle, and a fuscous
spot at outer angle.
The form suwffusa is much duller in colour and suffused with
brown.
Larva spins a cocoon in a rolled-up leaf.
Hab. The whole of India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java. Lxp.,
3 38-48, 2 40-54 millim.
751. Oreta sanguinea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 85; C. § S. no. 1249.
Q@. Differs from evtensa in having the thorax and abdomen
slightly suffused with pale crimson. Fore wing with the basal two-
thirds pale crimson, followed by a broad yellow band with irregu-
lar edges; the marginal area greyish fuscous at apex and outer
angle, pale crimson at middle. Hind wing with the basal half and
apex pale crimson ; the outer half yellow.
Hab. Sikhim. xp. 50 millim.
ORETA. 349
752. Oreta violacea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 62, pl. 141, fig. 18.
Q@. Differs from extensa in being yellow, with a purplish, not
pinkish, brown tinge; the collar white ; head and legs less brilliant
orange; fore wing with the whole basal area yellowish ; the ob-
lique yellow line from the apex curved; the apex greyish. Hind
wing suffused with purplish, the base, a medial line, and a patch
on outer margin yellowish.
Hab. Nilgiris, 8. slopes, 3000 feet. wp. 28 millim.
753. Oreta obtusa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1167; C. § S. no. 1247.
Oreta vatama, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 816; C. & S. no. 1250.
3. Differs from extensa in the frons and legs being more
brilliant scarlet; the thorax and abdomen yellowish. Wings with
the ground-colour yellowish, evenly striated with brown. Fore
wing with a bright chestnut curved line from apex to centre of
inner margin, the area within it suffused with pinkish-brown, ex-
cept a patch on base of inner margin bounded by an indistinct
dark line; a pinkish-brown patch on centre of outer margin; the
apex dark, with some white scales on the origin of the oblique line.
Hind wing with a broad medial pinkish-brown band with dark
edges. Both wings with some white on the discocellulars ; cilia of
fore wing and at apex of hind wing red.
2. More suffused with brown; the line from apex of fore wing
less curved.
Hab. Kashmir; Sikhim; Sylhet. ap., ¢ 40, 2 48 millim.
B. Male with the antenne thickened and flattened by the
coalescing of the serrations.
754. Oreta obliquilinea, n. sp.
Differs from obtusa in being ochreous yellow ; the head and legs
not so brilliantly scarlet. Wings with evenly-disposed brown
strie ; a straight oblique brown line with greyish outer edge from
apex of fore wing to inner margin of hind wing before the middle.
Underside of fore wing and costal area of hind wing more or less
suffused with red.
The male from the Punjab has almost the whole fore wing and
the apex of hind wing suffused with brown.
Hab. Kalapani, Punjab; Sikhim; Sylhet. Zzp., 6 38, Q 42
millim. Type in B. M.
755. Oreta albipuncta, Hmpsn. il. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 8.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Wings pale
red-brown, with evenly disposed dark striz. Fore wing with an
indistinct antemedial line; a white spot at end of cell; a post-
medial dark and pale red line angled below the costa; some
fuscous suffusion at apex. Hind wing with a medial dark and
pale red line.
Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. wp. 26 millim.
360 DREPANULIDE.
756. Oreta castanea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 62, pl. 141, fig. 17.
3. Pale reddish brown. Wings evenly striated with brown ;
an oblique line from the apex of fore wing to middle of inner
margin of hind wing, bent near the apex, where there is a deep
black spot above it. Fore wing with traces of an antemedial dark
line; the costa red-brown ; a white speck on discocellulars.
Hab. Nilgiris, N. slopes, 3500 feet. wp. 28 millim.
757. Oreta rotundapex, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 61, pl. 141, fig. 6.
&. Dark purplish olive-brown. Wings thickly striated with
brown. Fore wing crossed by a broad, medial, indistinct darker
band with a vinous tinge. Hind wing with a medial, pale, straight
line, the area inside it and the marginal area with a vinous
tinge.
Hab. Nilgiris, N. slopes, 3500 feet. Hap. 36 millim.
758. Oreta pavaca, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 815; C. § S. no. 1248.
3g. Head with the frons crimson, the vertex red-brown; thorax
and abdomen red-brown, the latter reddish towards extremity.
Fore wing red-brown, the basal, costal, and more especially the
outer areas suffused with silvery scales; discocellulars silver.
Hind wing red-brown, the inner area slightly suffused with silver
scales; the discocellulars silver. Underside brilliant crimson ;
both wings with numerous dark specks; the inner area of hind
wing yellowish.
Hab. Sikhim. Eap. 44 millim.
Szor. IT. Mid and hind tibiz with terminal pairs of spurs.
Antenne bipectinate in male, the branches long.
A. Palpi short and porrect.
759. Oreta griseotincta, n, sp.
3. Palpi and legs scarlet; head, thorax, abdomen, and wings
chestnut-brown. Fore wing slightly irrorated with silvery grey;
medial and postmedial dark lines angled below the costa and
approaching each other towards inner margin; a blackish patch on
costa before apex ; three black submarginal specks towards inner
margin. Hind wing chestnut-brown, very slightly irrorated with
silvery grey; ante- and postmedial indistmct curved lines. Cilia
of both wings red-brown. Underside with the costal area of both
wings suffused with scarlet.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). . Exp. 32 milum. Type in coll. Elwes.
ORETA.—CAMPTOCHILUS. 351
B. (Cobanilla). Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head.
760. Oreta marginata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 121, pl. 124, fig. 4;
C. § S. no. 1264,
¢. Frons red; head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous. Fore
wing yellow, the costa red; the area below the medial two-thirds
of costa suffused with red-brown ; an indistinct dark spot on disco-
cellulars ; outer margin from below apex to near outer angle
red-brown. Hind wing yellow, the cilia red-brown. Underside
suffused with crimson.
Hab. Ceylon; E. Pegu. Hwp. 32 millim.
Genus CAMPTOCHILUS, nov.
Type, C. reticulatum, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi short and porrect ; proboscis present. Antenne cilated in
female. Mid tibia with one pair of spurs, hind tibia with two
pairs. Frenulum present. Fore wing with the costa bent beyond
the middle, the apex being produced upwards. Vein 6 from below
the angle of cell; 7 and 8 stalked. Hind wing with a slight
vesicle between veins 1a and 6; the discocellulars straight; vein
8 almost straight.
761. Camptochilus reticulatum, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 233, pl. 8, fig. 3;
C. § S. no. 3243.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brick-red. Fore wing brick-red,
with evenly-disposed darker strize over the whole wing, except a
Fig. 240.—Camptochilus reticulatum, Q. }.
broad oblique yellow band from the apex to below vein 2. Hind
wing similar, the yellow band marginal from apex to anal angle,
and with the reticulations continued on it; a medial straight line.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 38-40 millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Argyris deharia, W1k., C. & S. no. 1259, is a Geometer (Aceda-
line.
352 THYRIDID &.
Argyris delphiaria, Guen., C. & S. no. 1260, is a Geometer.
Argyris extrusata, Wik., C. & 8. no. 1261,
Argyris ocellata, H.-S., C. & 8. no. 1263,
Problepsis vulgaris, Butl. Ill. Het. vii, p. 43, ,, p
Argyris cinerea, Butl., C. & S. no. 1258 a, =
Argyris apollinaria, Guen., is a Geometer.
Cilie olivacea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 63, is a Noctua (Acon-
tine).
Drapetodes bilineata, W1k., C. & S. no. 3588. Type lost; de-
scription unrecognizable.
29 99
39 99
Family THYRIDIDZ.
Moths generally with hyaline patches and striz on the wings.
Palpi obliquely upturned and slender. Antenne almost simple.
Fore wing with vein 1a forming a fork with 16 at base; le
absent ; 5 from near lower angle of cell. Hind wing with two
internal veins; vein 8 nearly touching vein 7 just before or after
the end of the cell, Mid tibia with one pair of spurs ; hind tibia
with two pairs.
Larva Pyraliform, with five pairs of prolegs.*
Fig. 241.—Larva of Striglina scitaria. }.
(From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ili. pl. 175, fig. 1 a.)
Key to the Genera.
a. Hind wing with the cell closed.
a', Hind wing with vein 5 from the centre of
thexdiscocellulars/yratlrtry dette 1. ADDZHA, p. 353.
6’. Hind wing with vein 5 from near lower
angle of cell.
a’. Fore wing with veins 7, 8 and 9, 10
Stalked westminster rerio 3. Drxoa, p. 355.
b?. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 stalked, [p. 364.
Qyjandsl 0) fromvcelle ee eee eer 5. HyPoLAMPRUS,
ce’, Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked . 6. CAMADENA, p. 366.
d?, Fore wing with all the veins from cell.
a®, Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 from
angle of cell; 9 and 10 from some
way before the angle ............ 2. STRIGLINA, p. 353,
* After the Thyridide would follow the Pyralide, if the Heterocera could
be arranged in a linear series.
ADD HA.—-STRIGLINA. 353
6’. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10
given off near angle of cell. ;
a‘, Fore wing with the costa excised. 7. HERDONIA, p. 367.
6', Fore wing with the costa evenly
arched.
a>, Hind wing with the outer mar- [p. 355.
gin nearly evenly curved .... 4, RHODONEURA,
6°, Hind wing with the outer mar-
gin much excurved at centre.. 8. Dysopt1A, p. 368.
6, Hind wing with the cell open.
a’. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 from the [p. 370.
Colle ae eet a aj Makes MU ate neeey cise 10. HyPERTHYRIS,
b'. Fore wing with veins 7 and 8 stalked .. 9. GuANnycus, p. 369.
Genus ADDAA.
Addeea, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1201 (1865).
Mesopempta, Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 217.
Type, A. subtesselata, W1k., from Australia.
Range. Ceylon; Ceram; New Guinea; Australia ; Solomons.
Palpi upturned, short, and thickly scaled. Antenne annulated
and minutely ciliated. Hind tibia rather thickened. Fore wing
with veins 8 and 9 stalked; 10 from just before the angle of cell.
Hind wing with vein 5 from the centre of discocellulars.
762. Addzwa trimeronalis, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 916; C. § S. no. 4886.
Mesopempta heliopsamma, Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 217.
Pale red-brown. Wings evenly
Zs and closely striated with slightly
darker lines. Underside with a
: rather darker spot on the discocel-
x lulars of fore wing.
Hab. Ceylon; New Guinea. Exp.
Fig. 242. 15 milli.
Addea trimeronalis, 5. 1.
Genus STRIGLINA.
Striglina, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, p. 2883
Sonagara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 179 (1882).
Type, S. scttaria, W1k.
Range. Japan; Formosa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Andamans ; Borneo; Australia; Solomons; Fiji.
Palpi upturned and thickly scaled, the third joint short. Ar-
tenn minutely ciliate in male, simple in female. Femora and
tibie hairy. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 from cell, 9 and 10
from some way before the angle. Hind wing with vein 5 from
just above lower angle of cell.
VOL. I. 2A
354 THYRIDID #.
763. Striglina scitaria, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1488; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pl. 175, figs. 1, 1 a (larva).
Striglina lineola, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, p. 284; C.§ 8.
no. 2786.
Thermesia reticulata, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1062; C. & S. no. 2811.
Sonagara strigosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 180; C. & S. no. 2818.
Anisodes pyriniata, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1582.
Homodes thermesioides, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent. xx, 1877, p. 28.
Azazia navigatorum, Feld. Reis. Ni ov. pl. 117, fig. 4.
Laginia reticulata, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1560.
Sonagara superior, Butl. A. M. N. i. (5) xx, 1887, p. 4383.
Sonagara vialis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 27, pl. 6, pores (C, Sp Sy
no. 2814.
Sonagara strigipennis, Moore, Lep. Atk. ii, p.180; C.§ S. no, 2812.
Reddish ochreous, the wings evenly
striated with brown; an oblique red-
i brown line from the apex of fore wing
3) to inner margin of hind wing before
: the middle. Underside with a dark
spot at end of cell of fore wing; the
oblique line coming out as black
g. 243. streaks.
Str sui seeane Ty (ho oe Some specimens have a line on the
hind wing from the same point on
costa as the oblique line, and either curved to inner margin above
anal angle or oblique to outer margin before anal angle.
The Sikhim forms vials and strigipennis are large; the former
is bright coloured, with a dark ring-spot at end of cell of fore wing
and has the oblique line to hind wing; the latter with the line
curved.
Larva olivaceous, the first somite ochreous, head blackish ; a few
fine short dorsal hairs; some transverse series of black dots on
second to terminal somites.
Hab. Japan; Formosa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Andamans; Borneo; New Guinea; Solomons; Australia; Fiji.
Exp. 24-43 millim.
764. Striglina decussata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 27, pl. 6, fig. 8;
C.&§ S. no. 2810.
Striglina bivittata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 27, pl. 6, fig. 7.
36. Differs from scitaria in being browner. Wings with small
dark spots instead of striz ; no oblique line; fore wing with a
dark spot at end of cell and one below it.
The form decussata, from N.E. India and Burma, is large and
brighter fulvous, whilst bivittata, from the Andamans and Borneo,
is a small brown form with medial and marginal bands to both
wings developed ; the spots at end of cell of fore wing may be absent
in any of the forms, but small fulvous and large brown forms also
occur in Sikhim. >
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Nagas; E. Pegu; Borneo. Lap. 26
DIXOA.—RHODONEURA. 300
Genus DIXOA, nov.
Type, D. albatalis, Swinh.
Range. Canara; Poona; Raipur.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the third joint short.
Antenne minutely ciliated. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and 9, 10
stalked. Hind wing with vein 5 from just above lower angle of cell.
765. Dixoa albatalis, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 422, pl. 44, figs. 1, 2.
Head, thorax, and abdomen coy-
ered with white scales. Wings
pure white, with evenly disposed
‘ small fuscous striz over the whole
ae surface, these being more promi-
¥ nent on the underside.
Fig. 244.—Divoa albatalis, 3. 3. Hab. Canara; Poona; Raipur.
Exp. 3 30, 2 40 millim.
Genus RHODONEURA.
Rhodoneura, Guen. Sp. Gén. Lép., Phal. ii, pl. i, fig. 8 (1857).
Pharambara, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1274 (1865).
Osea, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soe. vil, p. 73 (1864).
Microsca, Butl. Ill. Het. iii, p. 71 (1879).
Banisia, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 77 (1864).
Letchena, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 257 (1887).
Durdara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 176 (1882).
Type, &. pudicula, Guen., from Java and Celebes.
Range. W. Indies; 8S. America; S. Africa; Madagascar; Aden;
China; throughout India and Ceylon; Burma; Andamans ;
Borneo ; Java; Celebes; Australia; New Britain; Tonga.
Palpi slight, upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the 3rd
joint variable in length. Fore wing slightly produced and acute
at apex. Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 given off close to the
angle of cell. Hind wing with vein 5 from just above lower angle
of cell.
Scr. I. Palpi with the third joint very long; antenne
almost simple.
766. Rhodoneura obliqualis, Warr. MS.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen silvery white ; head and thorax
suffused with brown; abdomen with brown bands. Wings silvery
white; basal area covered with brown striz ; an oblique line from
the apex of fore wing, which becomes double towards inner margin
and treble on the hind wing; another submarginal line becoming
double on the hind wing ; a marginal waved line. Underside with
the costa of fore wing chestnut.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
2a2
356 THYRIDID A.
Sect. II. Palpi with the third joint of moderate length; antenne
nearly simple in both sexes.
A. Outer margin of both wings nearly evenly curved.
767. Rhodoneura acaciusalis, Wk. Cat. xix, p.901; C. §-S. no. 4489.
Siculodes strigatula, Feld, Reis. Nov., Lep. pl. 184, fig. 9.
Head and collar brown ; thorax and abdomen pale, suffused with
reddish brown. Fore wing ochreous white, with numerous brown
specks and spots below the centre of costa, in the end of cell, and
q vy,
nn
Pa
ea Ne ‘
"WS ¥
Fig, 245.—Rhodoneura acaciusalis, $. +
over the whole of the inner area except the base; the nervules
beyond the cell salmon-colour. Hind wing ochreous white; the
whole medial area streaked and spotted with dark brown; the
nervules beyond the cell salmon-pink. Underside striated with
chestnut, the nervules bright crimson; veins 6, 7, 8 of fore wing
streaked with black.
The form strigatula, from China, has the brown markings of the
body and wings obsolete; the striz brown and more prominent ;
underside with the chestnut suffusion of the hind wing obsolete.
In a Sikhim variety the hind wing has the strize very numerous
and bright pink on both upper and under sides. In another form
the strie of both wings are pink. Ina small male from Burma
the striz are obsolescent and few in number.
Hab. China; Sikhim; Moulmein. Zyzp. 22-32 millim.
768. Rhodoneura multipunctata, Warr. MS.
Differs from obliqualis in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
without brown suffusion or bands. Wings with less silvery sheen,
evenly striated with fuscous, and without lines; fore wing with
two submarginal series of black dots ; hind wing with one series.
Underside with a costal series of black dots to hind wing.
Hab, Sikhin; Assam; Burma. Zwvp. 34-40 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
769. Rhodoneura reticulalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 616; A$ S.
no. 4376.
@. Head and thorax brown; abdomen white, suffused with
brown. Wings white, reticulated with brown almost evenly over
the whole surface ; costa of fore wing slightly suffused with brown.
Underside with the reticulations rather more prominent.
Hab. Andamans. Exp. 29 millim.
RHODONEURA. 357
770. Rhodoneura anticalis, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1238.
Rhodoneura tetraonalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 616, pl. 60, fig. 10.
Differs from reticulalis in the wings being striated with fuscous ;
apex of fore wing with two small black dots. Underside with a
conspicuous black spot centred with white at the apex of fore wing ;
a short fuscous postmedial band above inner margin.
Hab. Rangoon; Andamans; Mysol. zp. 24 millim.
771. Rhodoneura nevina, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 212; C. § S. no. 4375.
3. Differs from anticalis in being whiter, with fewer strix on
the wings and with some prominent waved black marks on the
inner portion of two of the postmedial series of striz of the fore
wing. Underside with the area above the cell of fore wing suffused
with golden scales; postmedial and submarginal double series of
waved chestnut marks on inner half of wing.
Hab. Sikhim. zp. 30 millim.
772. Rhodoneura hypargyra, n. sp.
3g. Head and collar brown; thorax white, more or less tinged
with brown; abdomen white, with a dark band on penultimate seg-
ment. Fore wing silvery white, with a few dark strige ; costa
fuscous, with short white streaks on it; a black speck at lower
angle of cell; a short medial band from vein 2 to inner margin
and postmedial spot on vein 2; three subapical black specks. Hind
wing silvery white, with a few brown strigz and short black sub-
basal, medial, and postmedial lines; three submarginal black specks
towards apex and two towards anal angle. Underside of fore wing
with the costal area brown, much spangled with silvery scales,
especially at upper angle of cell.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley; Mergui (Doherty). Hap. 22 millim.
Type in coll. Druce.
773. Rhodoneura bastialis, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 902; C. & S. no. 4442.
Rhodoneura marmorealis, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1877, p. 617; CA§& S.
no, 4374.
Rhodoneura denticulosa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 267; C&S.
no, 4373.
Differs from anticalis in having two black dots on underside of
fore wing at apex, with an oblique line across the apex from costa
to outer margin.
The male has the strie of the upperside aggregated in the form
of bands, whilst in the female they are separated.
Hab. Assam; Nigas; Burma; Ceylon; Andamans; Solomons.
Exp. 20-22 millim.
774. Rhodoneura myrsusalis, Wk. Cat. xix, p. 892.
Letchena elaralis, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 901; C.& S. no, 4498.
Pyralis ? idalialis, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 903; C. § S. no. 4449,
358 THYRIDID®.
Durdara pyraliata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 177; C. § S. no. 2789.
Durdara lobata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 177; C. §& S. no. 2787.
Durdara zonula, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 469, pl. 28, fig. 12;
C. & S. no. 2790.
Grey-brown, some specimens with a slight red or pink tinge.
Wings somewhat lineally striated with dark brown. Fore wing
with the costa yellow ; cilia fuscous on fore wing, white on hind
wing. Underside silvery grey, the strie prominent and chestnut-
brown ; fore wing with two brownish postmedial and one sub
apical patch.
The variety zdalealis has one to three small hyaline spots below
the lower angle of cell of fore wing, with an ochreous streak below
them, beneath which is another hyaline spot.
Hab. Brazil; Natal; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Borneo. Exp. 22-26 millim.
775. Rhodoneura myrtxa, Drury, Evot. Ins. ii, pl. 2, fig. 3; 6 § S.
no. 2788.
Durdara fenestrata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 27, pl. vi, fig. 6;
C.& S. no. 2785.
Durdara ovifera, Butl. P. Z. S. 1892, p. 129, pl. vi, fig. 7.
Thermesia fenestrina, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 117, fig. 2.
Microsca plagifera, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 420.
__ Differs from myrsusalis in being brick-red ; the striz less distinct.
Fore wing without the yellow costa. Underside suffused with
pink, the striz well defined; a dark brown subapical patch on
margin of fore wing.
The form fenestrata has two hyaline spots on the fore wing, with
an ochreous streak between them ; ovzfera from Borneo has the
3rd joint of palpi and the hyaline spots long; whilst plagifera
from Tonga has only the upper spot, which is oval.
Hab. W. Indies; throughout India; Andamans; Borneo; Ce-
lebes; Tonga. Zwvp. 28 millim.
776. Rhodoneura semitesselalis, 17k. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1246.
Differs from myrtea in being fuscous ; the thorax and abdomen
in some specimens slightly suffused with pink. Fore wing with
all three spots below the cell hyaline ; the centre of the marginal
area occupied by a large irregular patch of hyaline globules, out-
lined with ochreous and red. Hind wing with a medial band of
globules similar to those on the fore wing ; a number on inner area
and at apex and centre of outer area.
Hab. E. Pegu; Australia. Hep. 26 millim.
777. Rhodoneura loceusalis, Wk. Cat. xix, p. 903; C. § S. no, 4458.
Pyralis ? thyralis, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1284; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pl. 178, fig. 10; C. § S. no. 4499.
Q. Greenish erey ; abdomen pinkish at extremity. Wings with
RHODONEURA. 359
slight brown strize; a marginal pink line. Fore wing with the
outer margin slightly excurved at veins 2, 3, 4; an ochreczs patch
irrorated with pink beyond and below the end of cell, with two
pairs of hyaline spots on it and a single spot below them. Under-
side silvery grey ; the striations of the hind wing and those on the
patch of fore wing bright chestnut and prominent.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 16 millim.
778. Rhodoneura nitens, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xx, 1887, p. 116;
Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 171, fig. 8.
Pharambara hamifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 2138; C. & S. no. 4880.
Microsca marginepunctalis, Leech, Entom. 1889, p. 66, pl. 4, fig. 10.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish white. Fore wing
white, suffused with olive or pale red-brown, especially beyond the
cell, and evenly striated with dark lines; indistinct antemedial,
medial, and submarginal bands; a white patch striated with dark
lines at or just below the apex, with a black line or patch on its
lower edge. Hind wing similar but less clouded, and with medial
and submarginal bands only. Underside paler, the bands bright
chestnut-brown : fore wing with series of longitudinal and trans-
verse black costal strie ; a large apical red-brown patch with a
large white hamate mark on it; some golden scales on the retina-
culum and silvery scales on subcostal nervure from middle to
end of cell: hind wing with medial, postmedial, and submarginal
bands.
Hab. Nilgiris ; Ceylon; Japan; Solomons. wp. 28-32 millim.
779. Rhodoneura pallida, Buti. Ii. Het. iii, p. 71, pl. 58, fig. 7.
Q. Differs from nitens in being paler. Fore wing suffused and
striated with pale reddish brown; the apical patch red-brown,
with the white black-edged strigz small; the submarginal band of
both wings regular, with a pale centre.
Hab. Japan; Sikhim; Assam. vp. 24 millim.
780. Rhodoneura glaphyralis, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen variegated pale yellow and
brown. Wings pale yellow, striated with reddish brown, which
forms ill-defined medial and submarginal bands to both wings; the
submarginal band not continued on “apical area of fore wing; six
or seven short bands from the costa of fore wing to subcostal
nervure. Underside of fore wing with black and white streaks cn
the subcostal nervures in the cell and beyond the upper angle.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Eap. 34 millim. ‘Type in coll. Elwes.
781. Rhodoneura exusta, Butl. Lil. Het. iii, p. 71, pl. 58, fig. 8.
Microsca ardens, But. "Til, Het. iil, p. 71, pl. 58, tig. 9.
Microsca exusta, var. erecta, Leech, Entom. 1889, p. 66, pl. 4, fig. 3
Head, thorax, and abdomen chestnut. Wings chestnut, striated
360 THYRIDID A.
with brown. Fore wing with very indistinct subbasal and ante-
medial bands ; a postmedial band expanding towards the costa;
a prominent subapical band from costa to outer margin; a short
band at outer angle. Hind wing with an indistinct subbasal band ;
a broad medial band. Underside of fore wing with the markings
below the costa as in nitens; a very prominent dark medial band,
interrupted in the Sikhim specimen.
Hab. Japan; Sikhim. Hap., § 20-33, 2 30 millim.
782. Rhodoneura emblicalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 218; C. & S.
no. 4379.
Epaulets sphoraria, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1892, p. 18, pl. 1,
orale
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Wings striated
with red-brown ; the basal two-thirds red-brown, the outer third
ochreous: fore wing with a subapical line from the costa to outer
margin at vein 5. Underside with series of longitudinal and
transverse black streaks on the costa of fore wing; the subcostal
nervure and nervules streaked with black and white; an oblique
similar streak across the cell.
Hab. Sikhim; Khisis; Calcutta. Hwp., g 24, 2 20 millim.
783. Rhodoneura disparalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 171, fig. 11.
@. Head and collar bright rust-red; thorax pale. Wings
reddish white ; a red-brown band, which extends on the fore wing
from the centre of the costa to apex, narrowing to the centre of
inner margin of hind wing; outer margin red-brown ; fore wing
with a white triangular mark on the costa before the apex.
Underside with a red-brown patch on the costa of fore wing at
base.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 26 millim.
784. Rhodoneura atripunctalis, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1523.
3g. Differs from disparalis in bemg browner ; the wings striated
with brown; a prominent black spot on outer margin of fore wing
below the apex on both upper and under sides.
Hab. Nilgiris; Java. xp. 28 millim.
785. Rhodoneura bipuncta, n. sp.
¢. Head dark red-brown; thorax and abdomen paler. Fore
wing pale reddish chestnut, with a large medial greyish sub-
triangular patch on the costa and a smaller postmedial patch; an
oblique ferruginous band from the costa just beyond the middle to
median nervure and a more indistinct band from lower angle of
cell to inner margin; two prominent white subapical spots. Hind
wing pale chestnut, with a prominent medial ferruginous band.
Underside of fore wing with the white subapical spots very pro-
minent on a dark chestnut patch.
RHODONEURA. 361
Hab, Tenasserim Valley (Doherty). Hap. 28 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.
786. Rhodoneura vinosa, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1892, p. 130, pl. vi, fig. 8.
Pharambara reticulata, Moore, Lep, Atk. p. 212 (nom, preocc.)
C. § S. no. 4382.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown, with a pur-
plish tinge. Fore wing glistening purplish brown, evenly striated
with dark lines; antemedial, medial, and postmedial red-brown
bands with dark edges; a curved irregular line from the post-
medial band on the costa to outer angle; a very irregular sub-
marginal line sending spurs to the outer margin. Hind wing with
no postmedial band. Underside with some black and white streaks
below the subcostal nervure of fore wing.
Some specimens have a pair of white spots near the origin of
vein 2 of both wings, sometimes with dark spots between the white
ones.
2 without the purplish tinge; the bands of both wings re-
placed by lines, which on the fore wing are Y-shaped.
Hab. Sikhim; Margharita, Assam; Borneo. Hwp., ¢ 37, 2
42 millim.
787. Rhodoneura fasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 218, pl. 7, fig. 22;
C. & S. no. 4388.
3. Head ferruginous; thorax pale red-brown; abdomen
ochreous. Fore wing ochreous white, slightiy striated with
brown; a broad chestnut oblique band occupying the whole wing,
except the costal and outer areas, and running up to the costa at
end of cell; a black line on discocellulars and spot beyond; some
silvery spots on medial area above vein 1. Hind wing with the
basal half chestnut, suffused with silvery scales; the outer half
ochreous, streaked with brown. Underside of fore wing with the
costa, veins beyond the cell, and vein 1 speckled with black; a
black patch below end of cell; two white submarginal spots below
the apex. Hind wing with medial and marginal reddish bands.
Hab. Sikhim. Hp. 30 millim.
788. Rhodoneura cuprealis, n. sp.
Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Fore wing with the
ground-colour pale, thickly irrorated with brilliant coppery scales
and crossed by about six ill-defined brilliant coppery bands, the
most conspicuous being a portion of a band across the end of the
cell. Hind wing similar, with a prominent broad medial band.
Underside with the costal area of fore wing and inner area of hind
wing pale.
Some specimens are much darker than others.
Hab. Tenasserim Valley (Doherty). Hup., $ 22-24, 2 28
millim. Type in coll. Druce.
362 THYRIDID#.
789. Rhodoneura alternata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 212; C. & S. no. 4378.
Q@. Differs from vinosa in being paler. Fore wing with the
lines and bands ill-defined; a darker patch beyond the cell,
another on costa before apex, one submarginal, and one at outer
angle. Hind wing with the lines ill-defined; the medial band
prominent near inner margin; a darker patch at anal angle.
Underside without the black streaks on the subcostals of fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.
790. Rhodoneura oligosticha, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Wings
ochreous, slightly suffused with rufous and with sparse rufous
strie: fore wing with the costa dark red-brown, and obscure
darker patches on discocellulars and centre of outer margin.
Underside similar.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
791. Rhodoneura subcostalis, n. sp.
3d. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown, irrorated with
fuscous. Wings ochreous, closely striated with brown. Fore
wing with an indistinct antemedial line expanding into a spot on
median nervure ; a postmedial band expanding into a spot beyond
the cell ; two curved lines near apex, terminating in a black sub-
marginal spot. Hind wing with traces of a medial band and sub-
marginal very irregular line. Underside of fore wing with the
cell and veins beyond its upper angle streaked with black; a
rufous streak from upper angle of cell to apex.
Hab. Simla. Exp. 32 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
792. Rhodoneura ferrofusa, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen ferruginous. Fore wing ochreous,
striated with ferruginous; the basal area ferruginous; a post-
medial patch on the costa continued as a narrow band to inner
margin ; outer area with reticulated lines, which are very variable,
even on the two sides of the same specimen. Hind wing ochreous,
striated and reticulated with ferruginous lines.
Hab. Bombay. Hwp. 52 milli. Type in coll. Moore.
793. Rhodoneura uniformis, n. sp.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen bright brick-red. Wings bright
brick-red, with faint evenly-disposed dark strizw, which are rather
more prominent on underside. ‘Tarsal joints ringed with white.
Hab. Andamans. Lwp. 34 millim. Type in B. M.
794. Rhodoneura micacealis, Wik. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1275.
3. Red-brown. Wings evenly striated with short dark lines;
RHODONEURA. 363
fore wing with a white spot at end of cell; two antemedial, and
single medial, postmedial, and subapical curved black lines: hind
wing with antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines. Underside
with patches of bluish-silvery scales scattered over the whole of
both wings.
Hab. Ceylon; Mysol. Hap. 22 millim.
795. Bhedeneute striativena, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 126, pl. 154,
gale
3g. Ochreous white. Wings slightly striated with brown:
hind wing with traces of a medial band. Underside of fore wing
with transverse dark striz from the costa, and black streaks in the
cell and on the nervules beyond the upper angle ; some ferruginous
marks below the cell.
Hab. Nilgiris, 8. slopes, 3000 feet; Burma. Hap, 24 millim.
796. Rhodoneura splendida, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xx, 1887, p. 117.
$- Dull smoky white. Wings evenly striated with brown:
fore wing with a dark longitudinal streak below the costa, which
forks before the outer margin. Underside with some bluish-silvery
specks in the cell of fore wing, and a speck ona dark patch beyond
the cell.
Hab. Andamans; Solomons. Hp. 20 millim.
B. Outer margin slightly excised below the apex in both wings.
797. Rhodoneura bracteata, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale, suffused with red-brown.
Wings whitish, slightly striated with red-brown. Fore wing with
the basal area darker; large postmedial triangular darker patches
on costa and inner margin, with a line between them ; a curved
submarginal line sending a spur to centre of outer margin ; some
pale streaks on costa. Hind wing with indistinct subbasal and
medial lines and some reticulated lines on marginal area. Under-
side with a few metallic scales below the costa and in cell of fore
wing.
Hab, Andamans. Hap. 19 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
798. Rhodoneura rufareta, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale, suffused with reddish
brown. Wings white, reticulated with red-brown. Fore wing
with an antemedial line ; a medial line forking towards costa and
inner margin ; a curved submarginal line sending an oblique spur
to centre of outer margin. Hind wing with lines forming large
reticulations on outer half of wing; cilia rufous. Underside of
fore wing with large chestnut subtriangular ante- and postmedial
patches on the costa.
a Hab, Sikhim (Méller, Knyvett). Exp. 26 millim. Type in coll.
wes.
364 THYRIDIDA,
C. Fore wing with the outer margin oblique and crenulate from
vein 5 to outer angle.
799. Rhodoneura hypoxantha, n. sp.
3d. Palpi with the first two joints fringed with yellow ; head,
thorax, abdomen, and wings purplish black. Fore wing with in-
distinct yellowish spots on basal half; a large white patch reticu-
lated with dark lines in and below the end of cell; a submarginal
white spot on vein 5. Hind wing with a subbasal white spot and
another beyond end of cell. Underside with the basal half of fore
wing and whole hind wing spotted with bright yellow.
The specimen from Burma is larger, with the hyaline spots
yellowish.
Hab. Mussooree; Sikhim; Burma. Exp. 28 millim. Type in
coll. Moore.
800. Rhodoneura tristis, n. sp.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Wings red-brown,
with evenly-disposed darker striz; the basal area yellowish: fore
wing with a very indistinct oblique medial line and four white
specks on the costa towards apex: hind wing with indistinct ante-
medial, medial, and postmedial oblique lines. Underside much
more varied with yellow, the striz and lines more prominent; a
whitish spot at apex of fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller), Hap. 31 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Srect. IIT. Antenne serrated in female.
801. Rhodoneura munda, Warr. MS.
2. Differs from vinosa Q in being of a pale reddish white.
Fore wing with three medial lines, the inner and outer irregular,
the middle line straight ; the postmedial line more erect and less
curved; the submarginal line represented by a line across the apex
from the costa to outer margin. Hind wing with subbasal, medial,
postmedial, and submarginal irregular lines. Underside with a
white streak on the nervules beyond the upper angle of the cell of
fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim. Ezp. 30 millim. Type in B. M.
Genus HYPOLAMPRUS, nov.
Type, H. striatalis, Swinh.
Range. China; Himalayas; India; Ceylon ; Burma.
Palpi slight, upturned, and reaching above vertex of head.
Antenne minutely ciliated in male. Neuration as in Rhodoneura,
except that veins 8 and 9 of the fore wing are stalked.
HYPOLAMPRUS. 36
Or
Sxor. I, Outer margin of both wings evenly curved.
802. Hypolamprus striatalis, Swink. P. Z. 8S. 1885, p. 875; C. & S.
no. 4385.
Pharambara intimalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 213; C. & S. no. 4381.
Pale red-brown. Wings evenly striated with short lines; traces
of a medial band; fore wing with
EE indistinct postmedial and submarginal
lines. Underside of fore wing with
a five white specks on the costa; a
[i> y tuft of silver scales on the retina-
; culum and others below the costa;
a dark spot beyond the cell. Legs
banded with white.
Hab. Dharmsala ; Calcutta ; Poona; Nilgiris; Ceylon. xp. 18
millim.
Fig. 246.
Hypolamprus striatalis, $. }.
803. Hypolamprus obscuralis, n. sp.
3. Pale chestnut; wings indistinctly striated with darker lines.
Fore wing with indistinct darker medial and postmedial bands,
obsolete towards inner margin; an oblique line from costa towards
outer angle and irregular subapical and submarginal lines; cilia
with a dark line through them. Hind wing with indistinct
subbasal, medial, postmedial, and subapical lines. Underside
similar.
Hab. Sikhim (Méller). Exp. 20 millim. ‘Type in coll. Elwes.
804. Hypolamprus lobulatus, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 214, pl. 7, fig. 12;
C. § S. no, 4384.
2. Head, thorax, and abdoman brownish ochreous, suffused with
silvery scales. Fore wing ochreous white ; some brown specks on
inner margin ; two brown spots below the middle of cell ; a post-
medial band narrowing to inner margin; a subapical line arising
from a spot on the costa and ending on outer margin at vein 3.
Hind wing ochreous white; a brown spot near base; a medial
nearly straight band; traces of a curved submarginal line; a
marginal line. Underside with a ferruginous streak below the
costa ; the subcostal nervure and nervules streaked with black ;
silvery scales in and below the cell.
Hab. Sikhim. Lp. 26 millim.
805. Hypolamprus atrostriatus, n. sp.
3g. Ochreous, suffused with ferruginous red-brown; wings
sparsely striated with red-brown, some of the striz forming large
reticulations on the outer area of both wings. Underside of fore
wing with black and white streaks on the subcostal nervures in
and beyond the cell.
Hab. Naga Hills, 3000 feet (Doherty). Hep. 20 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
366 THYRIDIDZ.
Szor. II. Hind wing with the outer margin excised
towards anal angle.
806. Hypolamprus subrosealis, Leech, Entom. 1889, p. 66, pl. iv,
fig. 14.
6. Pale red-brown. Wings evenly speckled with fuscous ;
hind wing redder. Underside of fore wing with black streaks on
the costa and in and beyond the cell; series of brilliant opalescent
globular scales in the cell and on the nervules beyond towards the
apex ; a white spot with a black speck in the centre at apex.
Hab. China; Dharmséla; Ceylon. Ewp. 22 millim.
807. Hypolamprus angulalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 214; C. & S.
no. 4387.
3. Differs from subrosealis in the hind wing being more
excised near anal angle; the cilia white towards outer angle of
fore wing and anal angle of hind wing. Underside of both wings
suffused with silvery scales ; the discocellulars black; no opales-
cent scales in and beyond the cell of fore wing.
Hab. Rangoon. Lzxp. 20 millim.
Suor. III. Fore wing long; hind wing with the apex acute,
the outer margin straight.
808. Hypolamprus trifascialis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 614, pl. 60,
fig. 9; C.§ S. no. 4468.
3g. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing ferruginous; the
last with the costa, apex, and outer area pale. Hind wing with
the basal two-thirds ferruginous, deeper in tone outwardly ; post-
medial area whitish; outer area pale ferruginous. Underside
brighter, with rich chestnut maculate bands across both wings ;
the ground-colour of hind wing whitish.
Hab. Burma; Andamans. vp. 30 millim.
Genus CAMADENA.
Camadena, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 214.
Type, C. vespertilionis, Moore.
Range. Sikhim. PS
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of; head; antenne simple.
Hind leg of male with the tibia extremely long and swollen, the
terminal pair of spurs short; a tuft of long hair from base, the
tarsus very short; normal in female. Fore wing very acute and
produced at apex; veins 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing very acute
and produced at apex.
w
CAMADENA.—HERDONIA, 367
809. Camadena vespertilionis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 214; C. & S.
no. 4388.
Caustoloma acutipennis, Moore, Lep. Atk, p. 280; C. & S. no. 3144.
3. Yellow; the vertex of head, thorax, and abdomen suffused
with red-brown. Wings yellow, slightly striated with red-brown.
Fore wing with a red-brown band just beyond the middle, broad
toward costa, narrow towards inner margin, with a silvery speck
Fig. 247.—Camadena vespertilionis, 2. t.
on it at end of cell and extending along the costa to apex; an
indistinct series of submarginal double specks. Hind wing with
a dark spot at end of cell, with a silvery speck on it, and an indis-
tinct submarginal series of specks.
. Suffused with brown; the wings much more thickly striated
with brown; the band on fore wing nearly obsolete; the silvery
spots and submarginal double specks much more prominent on
both wings.
Hab. Sikhim. Ezxp., 32, 9 40 millim.
Genus HERDONIA.
Herdonia, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 963 (1859).
Type, H. osacesalis, W1k.
Range. China; Sylhet; Burma.
Palpi short and porrect. Antenne almost simple in both sexes.
Fore wing with the costa excised at middle; vein 6 from below
angle of cell; 7, 8,9 from the angle; 10 absent. Hind wing
with vein 5 from just above lower angle of cell; a forked
veinlet in the cell.
810. Herdonia osacesalis, Wik. Cat. xix, p. 964; Feld. Reis. Nov.,
Lep. pl. 134, fig. 4; C. & S. no. 4427,
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing silvery
red-brown, almost entirely covered with broad conjoined darker
strigee, some of which form a highly irregular bright chestnut sub-
marginal band; apex suffused with fuscous and irrorated with
silvery scales. Hind wing opalescent white, with basal and
medial red-brown bands, broadest at inner margin and having
368 THYRIDIDA.
paler centres ; a marginal red-brown band striated with black, with
Fig. 248.—Herdonia osacesalis, 2. 4.
a black line on its inner edge and another through the centre,
beyond which the colour is paler.
Hab. China; Sylhet; Rangoon. wp. 46 millim.
Genus DYSODIA.
Dysodia, Clemens, Pr. Ac. N. Sc. Phil. 1860, p. 349.
Platythyris, Gr.§ R. Ann. N. Y. Lye. viii, p. 361 (1867).
Varnia, Wilk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 69 (1864).
Pachythyris, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep. pl. 75, fig. 1 (1867).
Type, D. vitrina, Boisd., from N. America.
Range. N. and S. America; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Java.
Palpi thickly scaled, upturned, reaching above vertex of head,
the third joint acute. Antenne simple in both sexes. Legs with
femora and tibiee very hairy. Fore wing excurved at veins 2, 3, 4;
veins 7, 8,9 from close to the angle of cell. Hind wing with
vein 5 from lower angle of cell; the outer margin irregular and
excised below the apex. Thorax and abdomen stout.
811. Dysodia ignita, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 825; OC. § S. no. 2211.
Varnia fenestrata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. a Gee: s S. no. 2210,
Varnia taprobana, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 67, pl. 151, fig. 7; C.§ 8.
no. 2214.
Varnia inequalis, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 828; C. & S. no. 2212.
Pachythyris siculoides, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep. pl. 75, fig. 1.
Pachythyris rajah, Boisd. Lép. Hét. p. 499 ; C.& S. no. 210.
Head and collar dark red-brown ; fee abdomen, and wings
dark red-brown or ochreous suf-
fused with fiery red; wings with
ZZ numerous brown striz. Fore wing
; WA with an irregular dark band wide
Y at costa; an oblique subapical line
wy from the costa to outer margin ;
a submarginal band from vein 4
Cane. th ’ to inner margin, sometimes re-
Paeadia igntia,. Sag duced to a fine line. Hind wing
DYSODIA.—GLANYCUS. 369
with several fine short lines on the outer half, these being obscured
in the specimens which are suffused with dark brown.
The colour and distribution of the suffusion are very variable.
The form inequalis = fenestrata has two hyaline spots at the end
of cell of hind wing, generally connected and large.
Hlab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Java. vp. 32-38
millim.
812. Dysodia viridatrix, Wik. Cat. xv, p. 1777; C. § S. no. 2207.
Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish green. Wings yellowish
green, with slight dark strie. ore wing with some dark strigze on
costa; a postmedial oblique line ; an outwardly-oblique line from
the costa to outer margin ; a short line near outer angle ; a yellow
patch at end of cell; some yellow suffusion beyond the postmedial
line below the costa. Hind wing with a hyaline spot at end of
cell ; indistinct postmedial and submarginal lines. Cilia yellow.
Larva bores in wood, living in a cocoon of silk and sawdust, over
which is a spiral strip of bark.
Hab. Sikhim; Bangalore; Ceylon. xp., g 25, Q 28 millim.
813. Dysodia albifurca, n. sp.
¢. Head and collar red-brown ; thorax paler; abdomen with
the first five segments pale ochreous, the terminal segments red-
brown; a very prominent dorsal tuft of scales on fifth segment.
Wings red-brown with darker strie, the basal area and centre of
outer area of both wings ochreous; fore wing with a medial
Y-shaped whitish band and two white spots on the costa towards
apex. Underside with the band more prominent and a deep
chestnut band beyond it crossing both wings.
Hab. Sikhim (Méller). Exp. 26 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus GLANYCUS.
Glanycus, Wik. Cat. iii, p. 634 (1855).
Type, G. insolitus, W1k.
Range. Sikhim ; Sylhet.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head and thickly scaled.
Antenne of male fasciculated. Legs hairy ; mid tibize with one pair
of spurs, hind tibie with two pairs. Fore wing with the outer
margin very obliquely rounded; veins 7 and 8 stalked. Hind
wing excised below the apex; the cell open.
Szor. I. Hind wing with the anal angle truncate.
814. Glanycus insolitus, Wik. Cat. iii, p. 685; Butl. Il. Het. v, pl. 84
fic. 12; C. § S. no. 784.
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, shot with metallic blue ;
collar and tegule fringed with crimson ; abdomen with the basal
VOL. I. 2B
370 THYRIDID ®.
segment crimson; a dorsal crimson line; the terminal segments
fringed with crimson. Fore wing blue-black, a broad basal
crimson band and narrower antemedial, medial, and postmedial
bands, which are conjoined into reticulations, the postmedial band
running outwards to centre of outer margin, then along it to the
outer angle, leaving two spots on
the margin, then inwards to join
the medial band; a hyaline streak
on the discocellulars. Hind wing
blue-black; the inner and outer
areas crimson, the former giving
ey off a band to median nervure, and
Fig. 250. the latter with three blue-black
Glanycus insolitus, Q. 1. spots on it; a large angled hyaline
patch in the end of cell.
Hab. Sylhet; Sikhim. zp. 38 millim.
Secr. IJ. Hind wing with the anal angle produced.
815. Glanycus tricolor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 88; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pls ie le ONG SamoOucor
3. Blue-black ; the collar and first abdominal segment broadly
fringed with crimson ; abdomen with lateral crimson bands meeting
at the extremity. ore wing with a hyaline streak on the discocel-
lulars. Hind wing with a very large hyaline spot in the cell ex-
tending to near outer margin.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.
Genus HYPERTHYRIS.
Hyperthyrus, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p 121.
Type, H. aperta, Leech.
Range. China; Sikhim.
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the Ist and 2nd
joints heavily scaled, the 3rd joint naked. Antenne slightly
ciliate. Femora and tibiz thickly scaled; mid tibia with one pair
of spurs, hind tibize with two pairs. lore wing with the cell
closed; vein 6 from below the angle, 7, 8,9 from the angle.
Hind wing with the cell open; veins 4, 5, and 6, 7 stalked to near
the margin.
816. Hyperthyris aperta, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 122, pl. vii,
LO die
3. Head black ; frons and palpi in front grey; collar black,
tipped ‘with golden brown; abdomen black. Fore wing hyaline,
LIMACODID A. 371
slightly golden brown at base, the margins broadly black; a large
triangular black mark from the
costa to lower angle of cell; veins
narrowly black. Hind wing with
_ the margins broadly black; a large
7 hyaline space above median nervure
en. OT and a smaller one below it.
spect aate = Hab. Wiukiang, China; Sikhim.
Hyperthyris aperta, 3. }- Exp. 24 millim
Species formerly recorded as Indian which is omitted.
Thyridiphora fenestrata, Warr., C. & 8. no. 1773 B, is a Pyrale.
Family LIMACODID.
Fore wing with two internal veins, vein 16 forked at the base.
Hind wing with vein 8 arising free, then bent down and usually
anastomosing shortly with 7 near the base of the cell; three
internal veins.
Larva: Limaciform, and either bearing series of spinous sting-
ing tubercles. or smooth and segmented, or unsegmented with very
thick transparent cuticle; the head, legs, and claspers small and
often retractile.
Cocoon: hard and compact; round or oval in shapg, with a lid
for the escape of the imago prepared by the larva.
Fig. 252.—Jarva and cocoon of Thosea aperiens. }.
(From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 180, fig. 4.)
Key to the Genera.
A. Fore wing short, the outer margin evenly
rounded.
a. Larva (of known species) segmented and
bearing series of spinous tubercles.
Imago: head and thorax smoothly scaled ;
fore wing with vein 11 not curved
along 12.
LIMACODIDA.
a’. Palpi porrect.
a’, Palpi extremely elongate.
a, Palpi with a terminal brush of
hairs ; fore wing with veins 7, 8,
O stalked i aeeriek circ:
6°. Palpi without a terminal brush ;
fore wing with vein 7 from the
6°. Palpi shorter, but reaching beyond the
frontal tuft.
a®, Fore wing with vein 7 from below
angle of cell.
a*, Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10
Stalked iat eneyere roti ta-cociar:
(hell ce alee kn Pesiennitent Fokus akeA
6°. Fore wing with vein 7 from angle
of cell.
a‘, Fore wing with veins 8 and 9
stalkedaee tan cee ocinetas
6’. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10
stalked Way. atte tthe cet:
ce’, Fore wing with vein 7 stalked
with 8 and 9.
a’ Hind wing with veins 6 and 7
on a short stalk or from cell.
a’. Fore wing short, broad, and
OMAN Goo akadc dooce 6
b°. Fore wing with the apex more
produced.
a®, Fore wing with vein 10 from
angle of cell or before it.
a’. Fore wing with the apex
somewhat rectangular. .
67. Fore wing with the apex
OWNS Ws Gola ood dens
6°. Fore wing with vein 10
stalked with 7,8,9......
6!. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7
ona long’ stallcies serine:
ce’. Palpi slighter and not reaching be-
yond frontal tuft.
a’. Hind wing with vein 8 anastomos-
ing with 7 near the base........
6°. Hind wing with vein 8 anastomos-
ing with 7 near end of cell......
bo’. Palpi upturned.
a>. Palpi reaching vertex of head.
a°®, Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10
Stalled! tyre eee
6°. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9
stalked.
a‘, Hind tibia with two pairs of
spurs ; male with proximal half
of antennee pectinated........
b*. Hind tibia-with one pair of spurs;
male with antenne simple....
1. SCOPELODES, p. 373.
~
oO.
ll.
15.
14.
15.
16.
. HypHorMa, p. 375.
[p. 376.
. MacrRorLEcrra,
. OxYPLaX, p. 376.
. Narapa, p. 380.
. Brrtuama, p. 384.
Susica, p. 377.
. THOSEA, p. 377.
. PaRASA, p. 387,
[p. 085.
. TETRAPHLEPS,
. CONTHEYLA, p. 384.
MirEsa, p. 385.
[p. 391.
SPATULIFIMBRIA,
IDoNAUTON, p. 391.
[p. 392.
CHALCOCELIS,
[p. 392.
TRIPLOPHLEPS,
SCOPELODES. 379
ce’. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 [p- 393.
Stale dacs kaa aceas eee reais 17. ORTHOCRASPEDA,
d®>. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 ; [p. 393.
Stal edivexapeccnsee ois erst teterae au 18. CERATONEMA,
b°, Palpi extending above vertex of head ;
fore wing with vein 7 from below
angle of cell, 8 and 9 stalked...... 19. ArmoeyiA, p. 394,
b. Larva (of known species) segmented and
non-tuberculate.
Imago: Fore wing with vein 11 curved
and running along vein 12.
a’. Palpi short and slender; male with
proximal half of antennee bipectinated ;
hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from the
cell.
a>. Head and thorax smoothly scaled .. 20. Canta, p. 395.
6°. Head and thorax clothed with erect
Dl Ree pelo went Bhs perce hee Beton 21. ALTHA, p. 396.
b'. Palpi reaching vertex of head; male
with antennze simple ; hind wing with
VeinsiG, andeaatallkedusnysancsieh ea 22. Narosa, p. 398.
ce. Larva non-segmented, smooth, and oval,
with very thick cuticle.
Imago: Fore wing with vein 11 not curved;
head and thorax clothed with erect pile.
a’. Hind wing with vein 8 not sending a
Spuly tosthercestana. ye eet 23. BELIPPA, p. 399.
6’, Hind wing with vein 8 sending a spur
tor ther costa Men share nis Mec erences 24. NaGopa, p. 400.
B. Fore wing elongate, the apex produced, the
outer margin excised, veins 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked. Palpi upturned .............. 25. Mawanra, p. 401.
Genus SCOPELODES.
Scopelodes, Westw. Nat. Libr. 37 (Ent. vii.), p. 222 (1841).
Type, S. wnicolor, Westw.
Range. N. China ; Sikhim; Assam; Sylhet; Burma; Ceylon ;
Borneo; Java.
Antenne in male with proximal half bipectinated. Palpi with
2nd and 3rd joints very long, the latter ending in a large brush of
hairs. Legs hairy; mid tibia without spurs, hind tibia with one
pair of spurs in male, two pairs in female. Fore wing with veins
7, 5, and 9 stalked together; vein 11 straight. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 from angle of cell, 8 anastomosing with 7 near the
base. There are indications of numerous fine veinlets between
vein 1 6 of fore wing and inner margin, and vein 8 of hind wing
and costa.
374 LIMACODID&.
Sor. I. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell in male,
stalked in female.
817. Scopelodes venosa, Wk. Cat. v, p. 1105; C. & S. no. 1270.
Scopelodes ursina, Butl. Lil. Het. vi, p. 3, pl. 101, figs. 7,8; C.§ 8.
no. 1269.
Scopelodes aurogrisea, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 126, pl. 128,
figs. 1, la, 6 (larva and cocoon); C. & S. no, 1265,
peep red testacea, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 3, pl. 101, fig. 5; C&S.
no. 1268.
Palpi brown, sometimes tinged with fuscous, the brush whitish
at base, black at tip. Head, thorax, and fore wing varying from
pale silky ochreous to smoky brown. Hind wing paler. Abdomen
yellow, the distal segments terminating in a black spot or some-
times dorsally fringed with black; anal tuft black.
Fig. 253.—Scopelodes venosa, 3. }.
The darkest form venosa, from Sikhim and Sylhet, is smoky
brown, with the inner margin of hind wing yellow, the veins on
underside standing out pale on a dark ground; legs almost black.
The form ursina, also from Sikhim and Sylhet, is ruddy brown,
the hind wing fuscous in male; aurogrisea, from Ceylon, is paler,
the hind wing ochreous, with fuscous margin in both sexes;
testacea, from Sikhim, Sylhet, Moulmein, is pale ochreous without
a pale border to hind wing.
Larva: green above, yellow below; two rows of large, broad,
densely-spined tubercles; a red, white, and blue transverse dorsal
stripe on 8th somite; a black spot on anal segment.
Cocoon purple, brown, and oval.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet ; Moulmein ; Ceylon. EHap., $ 51-64, |
Q@ 74 miliim.
818. Seopelodes sericea, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p. 63; id. Til. Het.
vi, pl. 101, fig. 6; C.& S. no. 1267.
@. Differs from venosa in the palpi being more thickly clothed
with hair, and uniform fulvous im colour. Wings silky ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 78 millim.
SCOPELODES.—HYPHORMA. 379
Sucr. II. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked in both sexes.
319. Scopelodes unicolor, Westw. Nat. Libr. xxxvii, p. 222, pl. 28, fig. 2.
Scopelodes palpalis, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1105; C. & S. no. 1266.
Scopelodes vulpina, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 73, pl. 8, fig. 22; C.§ S.
no. 1271.
Bethura minax, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 175.
Nyssia micacea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 481.
Differs from sericea in the palpi, head, thorax, and fore wing
being redder brown; hind wing uniform pale yellow; abdomeu
more orange.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Java; Borneo. Hwp., ¢ 44, 9 60 millim.
$20. Scopeledes contracta, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1105.
3. Palpi blackish, the base of brush pale. Head and thorax
dark brown; abdomen blackish, the sides and extremity clothed
with golden-yellow hairs. Wings very dark brown, somewhat
darker at apex of fore wing and inner margin of hind wing.
Hab. China; Sikhim. xp. 37 millim.
Genus HYPHORMA.
Hypbhorma, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 493 (1865).
Type, H. minawx, Wik.
Range. N. China; Sikhim.
Q. Antenne simple. Palpi with no terminal brush of hairs.
Hind tibia with a terminal pair of spurs. Fore wing with vein 7
from end of cell, 8 and 9 stalked, 10 from before the angle. Ab-
domen with long lateral and ventral tufts of hair.
321. Hyphorma minax, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 493.
©. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown, the vertex of thorax
and basal segments of abdomen deep red, the tufts of hair on
Ke
Fig. 254.—Hyphorma minar, 2. }.
abdomen pale at sides and below. Fore wing silky red-brown; an
oblique dark line from the costa before the apex to lower angle of
376 LIMACODID &.
cell; another from the same point on the costa curved to outer
angle. Hind wing paler.. Fore tibia with a silvery-white spot.
Hab. N. China; Sikhim. wp. 44 millim.
Genus MACROPLECTRA, nov.
Type, MZ. minutissma, Swinh.
Range. Burma.
3g. Antenne heavily bipectinated to three-fourths length.
Palpi long and porrect, the 3rd joint minute. Hind tibia with two
pairs of long spurs. Fore wing with vein 7 given off below the
angle of cell; veins 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and
7 from angle of cell.
822, Macroplectra minutissima,
Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890,
p- 195, pl. vi, fig. 11.
E 6. Head, thorax, abdomen, and
3 Y wings ochreous. Fore wing with
¢ a dark line from the costa before
the apex to outer angle. Hind
wing paler.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 12 millim.
Fig. 255.
Macroplectra minutissima, 3.
[09
Genus OXYPLAX, nov.
Type, O. ochracea, Moore.
Range. Khasis; Ceylon.
3. Antenne bipectinated to the tips. Palpi stout and porrect,
reaching beyond the frontal tuft. Hind tibia without spurs.
Fore wing with the apex produced upwards, the outer and inner
margins forming a continuous curve; vein 7 from below the angle
of cell, 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from
angle of cell, 8 anastomosing with 7 to near end of cell.
823. Oxyplax ochracea, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 129, pl. 129, figs. 8, 3a;
(Of PISS 0, NAL
3. Head pale, fuscous at sides ;
thorax fulvous. Fore wing fulvous,
suffused with fuscous below the
basal part of costa and towards
outer margin; a curved white line
Sr from apex to centre of inner mar-
Wx gin. Abdomen and hind wing fus-
X 256. OUI :
Oxyplax ochracea, S. }. Larva: pale green, whitish above,
with two dorsal rows of black spots ;
a black dorsal patch on 1st somite and single spot on anal somite ;
lod
OXYPLAX.—THOSEA. Bil
lateral and sublateral series of spatulate spinous tubercles, those at
anterior and posterior ends pinkish.
Cocoon round and pale brown.
Hab. Khasis; Ceylon. Hap. 26 millim.
Genus SUSICA.
Susica, Wk. Cat. v, p. 1118 (1855).
Tadema, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1758 (1856).
Type, S. pallida, W1k.
Range. China; Nepal; Sikhim ; Moulmein.
Antenne bipectinated to two-thirds length in male, simple in
female. Palpi long, the 3rd joint short. Hind tibia with two
pairs of spurs in both sexes. Fore wing short, broad, and
rounded ; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7
stalked.
824. Susica pallida, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1114; C.§ 8. no. 1803; Butl. Ill.
Het. vi, pl. 102, fie. 4.
Tadema siuensis, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1759.
3. Pale silky brown. Fore wing with an oblique line from the
costa just before the apex to inner margin before middle, expanding
into a small spot beyond the lower end of cell; a submarginal line
Vig. 257.— Susica pallida, g. 2.
from the same point on the costa to outer margin above outer
angle, more or less angled below the costa. Hind wing slightly
browner. Underside of fore wing suffused with black near the
base.
Hab. China; Nepal; Sikhim; Moulmem. Ezap., 3 25, 9 48
millim.
Genus THOSEA.
Thosea, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1068 (1855).
Aphendala, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 494 (1865).
Anzabe, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1093 (1855).
Type, 7. unifascra, W1k.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; China; Java.
Palpi projecting beyond frontal tuft. Fore wing with the apex
somewhat rectangular; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 from cell or on a short stalk. Mid tibia with one
pair of spurs, hind tibia with two pairs.
378 LIMACODID&.
Ssor. I. Male with the antenne bipectinated to tips.
825, Thosea cana, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 484; C. § S. no. 1295; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 130, figs. 8, 3 a, 6 (larva).
Aphendala transversata, Wik. Cat. xxxu, p. 495; C.§ S. no. 1298.
Palpi long and slight. Greyish
brown; fore wing with a dark
oblique line with light outer edge
from centre of costa to inner mar-
es gin; a similar but erect line from
4 costa before apex to outer angle; a
% dark speck at end of cell. Hind
wing slightly browner.
Fig. 258.—Thosea cana, S. }. An ochreous race is found at
Dalhousie and Murree.
Larva green; a yellowish-white dorsal stripe ; a subdorsal row
of short spinous tubercles; a sublateral row of larger tubercles ;
spiracles with pale rings.
Cocoon purplish brown and oval.
Hab. Kulu; Sikhim; Poona; Nilgiris; Ceylon. xp., 3 26,
2° 30 millim.
826. Thosea aperiens, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 476; C.§ S. no. 1294;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 130, figs. 4, 4 a (larva).
Differs from cana in having the palpi shorter and stouter and
the lines of the fore wing paler; the first line much further from
the base.
Larva grass-green above, purple-brown below ; subdorsal and
sublateral series of spinous tubercles; a dorsal series of round
purple-brown spots and lateral series of oval spots.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., 3 30, 2 35 millim.
827. Thosea tripartita, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 876; C. § 8.
no. 1299; Forsayeth, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, pl. 14, fig. 14 (larva).
Differs from cana in the basal half of the fore wing being dark
brown, the pale line bounding it more erect; the submarginal
pale line outwardly oblique and reaching the margin above outer
angle.
‘Larva ereen, with subdorsal series of small and sublateral series
of long spinous tubercles ; dorsal and lateral series of blue spots.
Hab. Dharmsala; Sikhim; Manpuri; Ganjam; Jubbulpore ;
Mhow. zp. 26 millim.
828. Thosea recta, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 3.
¢o. Differs from tripartita in haying the fore wing slightly more
produced at apex, and suffused with white below the costa and
THOSEA, 379
beyond the antemedial line; the submarginal line absent; the
costa, basal area below the cell, and a large patch at outer angle
dark. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown.
Hab. Nawala-pittia, Ceylon. vp. 22 millim.
829. Thosea fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 403; Butl. Ill. Het. vii,
pl. 124, fig. 6; C. § S. no. 1296 4.
3S. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing red-brown. Fore
wing irrorated with dark scales; the basal area slightly darker red-
brown, with an erect outer edge; no submarginal line; a dark
speck at end of cell. Hind wing duller brown; the underside
paler and irrorated with black scales.
Hab. Dharmsila. Eevp. 34 millim.
830. Thosea sinensis, Wk. Cat. v, p. 1093.
Parasa loesa, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. ii, p. 417, pl. 11a, fig. 12; Cg 8.
no. 1286 a.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing grey; the last irrorated
with dark scales; a dark speck at end of cell; an oblique dark line
from costa before apex to inner margin beyond the middle. Hind
wing rather duller brown. Male with a conspicuous white spot at
end of fore tibia.
Larva yellow or green, with a white or yellow dorsal stripe,
sometimes with a red spot at middle, subdorsal and sublateral series
of spinous tubercles reddish towards tips.
Cocoon purplish grey.
Hab. Hongkong; Formosa; Cachar; Pegu; Java. Ewp., 5 30,
2 40 millim.
831. Thosea unifascia, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1068; C. § S. no. 1277.
Differs from sinensis in being red-brown instead of grey.
Hab. Rangoon ; Moulmein; Bhamo. Ezwp., ¢ 36, 2 40 millim.
832. Thosea cervina, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 848; id. Lep. Ceyl.
il, pl. 129, figs. 2, 2 a (larva); C. & S. no. 1275.
Thosea duplexa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 180, pl. 131, fig. 3, 2 ;
C. & S. no. 1276.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Fore wing silky
grey-brown, with a dark speck at end of cell, and a slightly incurved
line from costa just before apex to near outer angle which is
red-brown with a pale outer edge. Hind wing and underside
dull brown. Antenne with basal joint pale; a conspicuous white
spot at end of fore tibia.
2. With the submarginal line of fore wing erect; the basal
joint of antenne dark; no white spot on tibia.
Larva green, with a yellow-bordered dorsal irregular band,
linear and purplish anteriorly, dilated at middle and cleft behind,
380 LIMACODID &.
purple streaked, and with the angles at middle red; anterior and
posterior subdorsal spinous tubercles ; lateral and sublateral series
of longer tubercles.
Hab. Sikhim; Ceylon. Exp., 3 38, 2 44 millim.
833. Thosea rara, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 408, pl. 48, fig. 9.
@. Differs from cervina in the postmedial line of fore wing
being pale and oblique, with a diffused fuscous band on its outer
edge ; nervules near outer margin pale.
Hab. Thyetmyo, Burma. xp. 40 millim.
834. Thosea cotesi, Swink. MS.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown, the scales with pale tips.
Fore wing brown, irrorated with pale scales; a pale line from apex
to inner margin beyond the middle. Hind wing nearly black, the
cilia pale.
2. Paler; the oblique line on fore wing dark.
Hab. Darang, Assam. Exp., $ 22, 2 26 millim.
Sect. II. Male with the distal half of the antenne serrated.
835. Thosea divergens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 75, pl. 8, fig. 23; C. § S.
no. 1525.
Aphendala divaricata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 376; C.§ 8.
no. 1296.
3. Differs from aperiens in being pale reddish brown; the
oblique and submarginal lines of fore wing fine, dark, and start-
ing from the same point on the costa.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Nagas. wp. 34 millim.
Genus NATADA.
Natada, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1108 (1 855).
Phocoderma, Butl. Ill. Het. vi sp. i 886).
Phlossa, Wik. Cat. xv, p. 1673 (18
Type, WV. rufescens, W1k.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; China.
Palpi extending beyond frontal tuft. Hind tibia with two pairs
of spurs. Fore wing with vein 7 from angle of cell, 8 and 9
stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from the cell, or on a
short stalk.
Sror. I. Male antenne bipectinate to apex, the branches short.
836. Natada rufescens, W/k. Cat. v, p. 1109; C. & S.no. 1273; Butl.
Ill. Eet. yi, pl. 102, fig. 10.
NATADA. 381
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown, the thorax and abdomen
suffused with fiery red above.
Fore wing brown, the basal area
rather darker, and bounded by a
straight oblique antemedial dark
line; an erect dark line from
costa before apex to outer margin
above outer angle. Hind wing
i Fig. 209. and underside rather paler.
MORES AIST C0 a8 Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 34 millim.
837. Natada convergens, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 868; C. § S. no. 979.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing pale
ochreous, irrorated with dark brown scales ; a brown speck at end
of cell; costa red-brown; an oblique brown line from the costa,
before the apex, to centre of inner margin; a red-brown line from
nearly the same point on the costa to outer margin above the
angle, curved below the costa. Hind wing reddish brown. Under-
side pale; hind wing irrorated with dark scales.
Hab. Sylhet. xp. 50 millim.
838. Natada conjuncta, Wik. Cut. v, p. 1150.
Natada neutra, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 195.
Phlossa fimbriares, Wik. Cat. xv, p. 1673.
Miresa cuprea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.74, pl. 3, fig.8; C.§ S. no. 1510.
3g. Head and collar pale or copper colour; thorax and abdomen
dark brown. Fore wing dark brown ; the outer two-thirds silky
in texture, with some short strigz of raised scales; a dark dot at
end of cell; a submarginal coppery band, narrow at middle, wide
towards apex and outer angle. Hind wing and underside pale
brown.
Hab. N. China; Formosa; Sikhim; Rangoon; E. Pegu. Exp.
26 millim.
839. Natada cephica, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 192.
3. Palpi longer. Head and thorax dark brown, the thorax black
posteriorly. Fore wing pale reddish brown, the costa and outer
margin dark brown; an obsolescent waved broken postmedial
black line, bent inwards at lower angle of cell and reaching the
centre of inner margin. Abdomen and hind wing pale brown.
In some specimens the fore wing is wholly clouded with fuscous.
Hab. Rangoon. Exp. 18 millim.
Szor. If. Male antenne bipectinate to apex, the branches long.
840. Natada nararia, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 415, pl. 21, figs. 8, 8a
(larva); C. §& S. no, 1287.
Susica cosmiana, Swink. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 440, pl. 40, fig. 9; CS S.
no. 1801.
382 LIMACODID#.
Susica suffusa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 403; Butl. Ill. Het. vii,
p- 41, pl. 124, fig. 5; C.§ S. no. 1315 B.
Susica fraterna, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 181; C. § S. no. 1302.
Susica signata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. 1, p. 131; C. §& S. no. 1804.
Pale brownish ochreous. Fore wing with the basal two-thirds
redder, and bordered outwardly by a dark brown somewhat
diffused slightly curved line.
The form signata, from Ceylon, has the fore wing more or less
suffused with brown, sometimes with a conspicuous black dot at
end of cell.
Larva yellowish green above, pink below; a yellow or pinkish
dorsal band ; a subdorsal series of red-tipped spinous tubercles; a
sublateral series of larger whitish tubercles with very short spines,
the tubercles at each end being long, those at posterior end
longest.
Cocoon purplish brown.
Hab. Dharmsdla; Mhow; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hvp., g 12-20,
© 22 millim.
841. Natada sericea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 161, fig. 15.
3g. Differs from nararia in being uniform silky ochreous white;
fore wing with an indistinct darker submarginal line.
Hab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. xp. 20 millim.
842. Natada unicolor, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 415, pl. 21, figs. 7, 7 a
(larva).
g. Uniform pale reddish brown; a fuscous spot on pro-
thorax ; metathorax and abdomen tipped with fuscous.
Larva green; a pale blue dorsal line; the lateral paired
spinous processes on each somite yellow.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 24 millim.
Srcr. III. Male with distal half of antenne serrated.
843. Natada ocellata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 74; C. & S. no. 1324.
Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous brown ; some of the hairs
on the vertex of thorax and abdomen black. Fore wing ochreous
brown, irrorated with black, especially below the costa; a purplish-
grey patch beyond the lower angle of ceil with a deep red-brown
mark beyond it; a fine submarginal black line. Hind wing
suffused with fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas; Burma. Lwp., 340, 2 60 millim.
844. Natada velutina, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 473; C. & S.
no. 1274; Butl. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 102, fig. 1.
Natada rugosa, W7k. Cat. v, p. 1109.
NATADA.—TETRAPHLEPS. 383
Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown. Fore wing dark
silky red-brown ; an oblique line, which is curved below the costa,
from near the apex to inner margin near base, the scales on its
inner side (especially below the costa and towards the inner
margin) more erect, giving exactly the appearance of ruffled seal-
skin; a curved submarginal line. Hind wing and underside
paler. Fore tibia of male with a silvery-white spot.
Hab. Himalayas; Sind; Poona; Bengal; Cachar; Burma.
Exp., 6 60, 9 78 millim.
Genus TETRAPHLEPS, nov.
Type, 7. brevilinea, W1k.
Range. Sikhim; Nilgiris.
Antenne of male bipectinated to tips. Palpi obliquely porrect,
projecting beyond frontal tuft. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked together. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 on a short stalk.
Sror. I. Antenne with the branches long; fore wing with
the apex rounded.
845. Tetraphleps brevilinea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p.475; C. § S. no. 1308.
Head, thorax, and base of abdo-
men dark brown, the remainder of
abdomen pale ochreous’ brown.
Fore wing dark red-brown; the
basal area and costa slightly darker.
Hind wing pale ochreous brown.
Fic. 260. Underside pale red-brown.
Tetraphleps brevilinea, 3. t. Hab. Sikhim. Evp., ¢ 36, 9 40
millim.
Secor. II. Antenne with the branches shorter; fore wing with
the apex produced.
846. Tetraphleps crispa, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 409, pl. 43, fig. 4.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown, suffused with fiery
red above. Fore wing dark red-brown; a dark speck at end of
cell; a purplish gloss forming an oblique line from apex to middle
of inner margin; another along outer margin. Hind wing and
underside dull brown. Silvery-white spots at end of coxa, femur,
and tibia of fore leg.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 38 millim.
847. Tetraphleps nilgirica, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 68, pl. 142,
fig, 13.
3. Differs from crispa in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
chestnut-brown. Fore wing with the purplish oblique line rather
384 LIMACODID #.
dark ; no marginal purplish shade ; a chestnut submarginal nearly
straight line.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau, 7000 feet. wp. 38 millim,
Genus BIRTHAMA.
Birthama, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 175 (1862).
Type, B. obliqua, W1k., from Borneo.
Range. Ceylon; Burma; Borneo.
Antenne bipectinated to two-thirds length in male, simple in
female. Palpi reaching beyond frontal tuft. Hind tibia with a
terminal pair of spurs in male, two pairs in female. Fore wing
with vein 7 from angle of cell, 8, 9,10 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 from angle of cell.
848. Birthama junctura, Wk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 857.
Head, thorax, and abdomen bright red-brown. Fore wing red-
brown; the basal area darkest, and bounded by an oblique dark
oe
Fig. 261.—Birthama junctura, 2. tf.
medial line; outer area with two indistinct waved postmedial lines
and two oblique lines across the apex. Hind wing paler.
Hab. Burma; Borneo. L£up., 5 36, 2 48 millim.
849. Birthama obliquifascia, Himpsn. Til. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 4.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Fore wing pale
reddish brown, irrorated with black scales ; a broad oblique black
line from the costa before the apex to inner margin before the
middle. Hind wing paler. Cilia of both wings red-brown.
Hab, Ceylon. xp. 34 millim.
Genus CONTHEYLA.
Contheyla, Wik. Cat. xxii, p. 384 (1865).
Type, 0. vestita, W1k.
Range. N.W. Himalayas and Peninsular India.
Antennz bipectinated to tip in male, ciliated in female. Palpi
reaching beyond frontal tuft. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9
stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 on along stalk. Hind
tibia with a terminal pair of spurs in male, two pairs in female.
CONTHEYLA.—MIRESA. 385
850. Contheyla vestita, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 385; C,& S. no. 1279;
Hmpsn. Il. Het. viii, pl. 143, fig. 10.
gd. Head and thorax smoky black. Fore wing smoky black ;
a pale speck at end of cell; apical area grey, which colour is con-
tinued to outer angle as a. series of conjoined marginal spots ;
Fig. 262.—Contheyla vestita, G. 3.
large grey patch on inner margin near outer angle; base of cilia
fulvous ; the tips chequered brown and ochreous. Abdomen, hind
wing, and underside ochreous, suffused with fuscous.
@. The head, thorax, and fore wing paler and browner.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau, 6700 feet. Hap. 34 millim.
851. Contheyla propexa, Swink. P. Z. 8. 1889, p. 409.
3g. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing very pale brown,
irrorated with black scales. Fore wing with a black spot beyond
the lower end of the cell; an elongated medial black mark from
the median nervure to vein 16; a black oblique line from the apex
to vein 5; a spot at outer angle. Hind wing OE fuscous.
Hab. Satara; Poona. Hep. 24 millim.
- 852. Contheyla melanosticta, n. sp.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish ochreous; tegule
smoky black. Fore wing ochreous, with a broad irregular smoky-
black stripe below the cell from base to outer angle; a black spot
beyond the cell; a black subapical patch with waved outer edge ;
a series of black marginal specks. Hind wing pale fuscous; the
cilia ochreous.
Q. With the tegule ochreous. Fore wing with the black
markings much reduced, especially the streak from the base, of
which there is only scattered traces.
Hab. Jubbulpore; Mandi, N.W. Himalayas. Hep. 27 millim.
Type, ¢ in coll. Moore, ? in coll. Elwes.
Genus MIRESA.
Miresa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1123 (1855).
Type, WM. albipuncta, H.-S.
Range. Japan; China; throughout India aiid Ceylon:
VOL. I. 2c
386 LIMACODIDA,
Palpi not reaching beyond frontal tuft. Antenne of male with
the distal half serrated, mid and hind tibie with terminal pairs of
spurs. Fore wing with veins 7, 8,9 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 on a short stalk or from cell.
Szor. I. Fore wing with vein 10 from end of cell.
853. Miresa albipuncta, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett. i,
fig.179; C. § S.no. 1805 ; Forsayeth, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, pl. 14,
figs. 8 a-c (larva and pupa).
Miresa guttifera, Wlk. Cat. v, p. 1124; C. § S. no, 1812.
Head yellow; thorax fulvous yellow; abdomen ochreous
fulvous. Fore wing red-brown ; a silvery-white spot beyond the
lower angle of cell; a faint silvery postmedial line. Hind wing
Fig. 263.—Miresa albipuncta, S. }.
ochreous. Underside ochreous; both wings suffused with red-
brown towards the costa.
The Burmese form has the thorax and fore wing rather darker.
Larva green; two pairs of dorsal and two of lateral spinous
tubercles at anterior and posterior ends, the dorsal pairs longest ;
a lateral brown line, beneath which the colour is pale, with a series
of brown spots ; stigmata on a pale brown line.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon. Exp., g 32-43, 2 46
millim.
854. Miresa inornata, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1125; C. § 8. no. 1818.
Differs from albipuncta in the fore wing being duller red-brown ;
the white spot beyond the cell absent ; an indistinct submarginal
curved line. Hind wing darker.
Hab. Japan; China; N.W. Himalayas; Nagas. Exp., 3 36,
2 50 millim.
855. Miresa argentifera, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1124; C & & no. 1306;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 129, figs. 1,1 @ (larva).
Differs from albipuncta in the spot beyond the cell of the fore
wing being absent; a broken ill-defined postmedial silvery line,
curved from the costa.to vein 2, then straighter and more promi-
ie
MIRESA —PARASA. 387
nent to inner margin; some silvery scales towards outer margin
a series of silvery marginal spots.
Larva green; two pairs of dorsal and two of lateral spinous
tubercles at anterior and posterior ends, the dorsal pair longest ;
intervening series of minute subdorsal and sublateral spinous
tubercles ; a pink stripe at base of the anterior and posterior
tubercles ; a pale dorsal line; spiracular rings pale.
Hab. Ceylon. Hap. 36 millim.
856. Miresa bracteata, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p. 64; id. Ill. Het. vi,
pl. 102, fig. 2; C.§ S. no. 1807.
Differs from argentifera'in the postmedial silvery line of the
fore wing being bent inwards at vein 5 and expanding into a large
triangular silvery spot beyond the lower angle of the cell; the
marginal silvery spots larger.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nagas. Ewp., 3 38, 2 41 millim.
Sror. II. Fore wing with vein 10 stalked with 7, 8, 9.
857. Miresa decedens, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1125; C. & S. no. 1311; Butl.
Ill. Het. vi, pl. 102, fig. 3.
Differs from argentifera in having the fore wing much darker
brown instead of red-brown ; the hind wing also darker.
Hab. Assam; Nilgiris. Hap. 36 millim.
858. Miresa nivaha, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 413; C. § S. no. 1315.
Differs from decedens in the head, thorax, and vertex of abdomen
being dark red-brown instead of yellow.
Hab. Canara. Exp. 38 millim.
Genus PARASA.
Parasa, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 418 (1859).
Nera, Herr.-Schaffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett. i, fig. 176
(1854), nom. preeoce.
Type, P. lepida, Cram.
Range. N. America; W. and S. Africa; Madagascar; Japan ;
China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.
Palpi projecting beyond frontal tuft. Fore wing rounded at
apex, veins 7, 8,9 stalked; the veinlet in cell forked or the
lower discocellular absent, the fork of the veinlet replacing it.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 ona short stalk or from celi. Hind
tibia with a terminal pair of spurs.
388 LIMACODID#.
Suor. I. Antenne of male bipectinated, the distal
half serrated.
859. Parasa lepida, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii, pl. 1308; C.§ S. no. 1286;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 128, figs. 2, 2a, 6 (larva and cocoon).
Neeera media, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1140.
Limacodes graciosa, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 50.
Nyssia latifascia, Wik. Cat. v. p. 1186; C.§ 8. no. 1817.
¢. Head green, red-brown at the sides; thorax green, with a
brown stripe on the vertex ; abdo-
men brown. Fore wing pea-green ;
a red-brown basal patch on the
costa; the outer area red-brown,
widest at inner margin. Hind
wing yellowish at base, red-brown
towards outer margin. Legs with
Fig. 264.—Parasa lepida, . 13. the joints pale tivped.
The red-brown stripe on
thorax wider, and nearly the whole of the hind wing red-brown.
Larva pale green, whitish or bright yellowish green above ;
three dorsal mauve or green bands ; subdorsal and sublateral series
of short spinous tubercles, the spines of the anterior and
posterior tubercles tipped with red.
Eggs flat and overlapping each other, and covered by a trans-
parent cement.
Cocoon purple-brown.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Java. Hp. ¢, 30,
@ 42-50 millim.
860. Parasa repanda, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1141; C.§S. no. 1290; Buti.
Ill. Het. vi, pl. 102, fig. 5.
@. Differs from lepida in the basal brown patch of the fore
wing being broader with an irregular lower edge; the marginal
brown area narrower and even throughout, with a silvery-white
line on its inner edge.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam. vp. 52 millim.
861. Parasa dharma, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 414, pl. xi a, fig. 7.
Differs from repanda in the head being dark brown; tegule
with only a small green spot. Fore wing with the green area
confined to the disk and crescentic in shape, extending from near
the base to near the apex ; the marginal band suffused with silvery
scales beyond the white line; a fine dark submarginal line.
Hind wing with the basal two-thirds yellow, the brown marginal
area more sharply defined.
Hab. Rangoon; Java. Hwp., o 26, 2 34 millim.
PARASA. 389
862. Parasa argentilinea, n. sp.
3. Differs from repanda in the brown basal patch of the fore
wing being absent ; an even brown band along inner margin; the
silvery line starting from the costa nearer the apex, straight, and
ending above inner margin, not recurved. Hind wing pale ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim; Margharita, Assam (Doherty). Exp. 24 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
863. Parasa hilaris, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 50; C.§ S. no. 1282.
Parasa leta, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 50; C.§ S. no. 1284; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 130, fig. 1.
Parasa hocking, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 403.
Parasa mirza, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 192.
Differs from lepida in the thorax being without the brown
stripe. Fore wing with the red-brown patch covering the whole
basal area, its outer edge angled; the marginal band very variable
in width, with an irregular inner edge. Hind wing with only a
slight tinge of brown towards outer margin.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon. Exp. $ 26, 9 30-34
millim.
864, Parasa pastoralis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, p. 63; 2d. Ill. Het.
vi. pl. 102, fig. 9; C.g§ S. no. 1288.
Differs from hilaris in the basal patch of the fore wing being
suffused with ochreous; some red-brown suffusion beyond the
patch ; the marginal band suffused with yellow except the veins,
its inner edge more curved.
P. consocia, W1k. = tessellata, Moore, from Japan and China, only
differs in being without the brown suffusion and the marginal band
being narrower at outer angle.
Hab. Dharmsala; Sikhim; Bhutan; Nagas. Hup., 3g 40, 2
56 millim.
*865. Parasa punica, Herr.-Schiffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett. i,
fig. 177: C.§ S. no. 1289.
2. Differs from Ailaris in having the basal patch of fore wing
with a dentate outer edge; the marginal band very narrow with a
dentate inner edge ; in the figure a curved pale postmedial line is
represented.
Hab. Sylhet. Hp. 40 millim.
*866. Parasa similis, Feld. Revs. Nov. pl. 82, fiz. 15; C.& S. no. 1292.
3. Differs from /ilaris in the basal brown patch of the fore
wing being restricted to a spot below the median nervure; the
marginal brown band widest at middle.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp, 30 millim.
390 LIMACODID &.
*867. Parasa isabella, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 415; C.§ S. no. 1283.
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing grass-green; the last with a
large buff-coloured patch from the costa to lower angle of cell,
suffused with brown and edged with black; a similarly-coloured
marginal band expanding into large patches at apex and outer
angle. Abdomen and hind wing ochreous brown.
Larva green, with a purple dorsal stripe and paired anterior red-
brown spinous processes.
Hab. Bengal. Hap. 40 millim.
868. Parasa bicolor, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1142; C. § S.no. 1281; Butl. I.
Het. vi, pl. 102, fig. 11.
Head and thorax pea-green. Fore wing pea-green, the costa and
cilia narrowly brown ; a small brown speck near inner margin be-
tween veins 1 6 and 1c, and another between veins 4 and 5. These
specks are sometimes edged inwardly with white and form a more
or less complete series to the apex. Abdomen, hind wing, and
underside ochreous fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim; throughout Continental India and Burma.
Exp., & 35, 2 38 millim.
869. Parasa viridis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 9.
3. Differs from bicolor in being without the brown specks and
in having a brown patch on the margin above outer angle and on
inner margin before the angle. Thorax edged with fuscous.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 30 millim.
870. Parasa albipuncta, n. sp.
3. Differs from viridis in the marginal brown band having
expanded into a large patch between veins 3 and 5; a white speck
on the patch on inner margin. Hind wing ochreous.
Hab. Mao, Manipur (Doherty). Exp. 26 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.
871. Parasa herbifera, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1186; C.& S. no. 1816; Buti.
Ill, Het. vi, pl. 102, fig. 6.
Parasa fumosa, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 408, pl. 48, fig. 12.
Head and thorax pea-green. Fore wing with the basal two-
thirds dark purplish brown in the male, dark reddish brown in the
female; the outer marginal area a different shade of brown.
Abdomen and hind wing dark brown.
Hab, Simla; Nepal; Nilgiris. Ezvp., ¢ 30, 9 34 millim.
PARASA.—IDONAUTON. 391
Sxot. II. Male with antenne serrated throughout.
872. Parasa dentata, n. sp.
Head and thorax pale brown; abdomen darker. Fore wing with
the basal area pale brown, bounded by an antemedial curved black
line, beyond which is a purplish-grey band, then a large discal
brown patch, on which is a semicircular dark-outlined mark, its
outer edge highly dentate ; marginal area grey ; a marginal black
line most prominent at apex: cilia with two black lines. Hind
wing fuscous, with marginal and cilial lines.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller); Nagas (Doherty). Exp. 3 30,
@ 44 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus SPATULIFIMBRIA.
Spatulicraspeda, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined.
Type, S. castaneiceps, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.
Antenne bipectinated to three-fourths length in male, ciliated in
female. Palpislight and short. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs.
Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with vein 8
bent down and anastomosing with 7 near end of cell, 6 and 7
stalked.
873. Spatulifimbria castaneiceps, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 161,
figs. 16, 17.
3. Head and collar chestnut ;
thorax and abdomen black-brown.
Fore wing black-brown; a dark
band on discocellulars and another
from costa before apex to outer
margin above outerangle. Hind
Fig. 265. wing black-brown; cilia pale to-
Spatulifimbria castaneiceps, 8. 2%. wards apex.
2. Thorax and fore wing chest-
nut ; the submarginal band reaching the inner margin. Hind wing
smoky black ; the cilia concolorous.
Cocoon round and streaked with brown and white.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 17, 2 22 millim.
Genus IDONAUTON.
Idonauton, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon., ined.
Type, L. apicale, W1k.
Range. Sylhet ; Singapore ; Borneo,
392 LIMACODID ©.
Antenne bipectinated to half thelength in male, ciliated in female.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Tibize without spurs
in male.
Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked together. Hind wing
with veins 6 and 7 stalked.
874. Idonauton apicale, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1150; C. § S. no. 1280.
Nyssia rubriplaga, Wk, Journ.
Lnnn. Soc. vi, p. 144.
Head, thorax, and abdomen
chestnut. Fore wing chestnut, with
an oval marginal chocolate patch
bounded on the inside by a white
Fig. 266. semicircular line. Hind wing paler.
Idonauton apicale, g. Hab. Sylhet; Singapore; Borneo.
Exp., & 25, 2 36 millim.
Genus CHALCOCELIS, nov.
Type, C. fumifera, Swinh.
Range. Burma; Singapore.
3g. Antenne with proximal half bipectinated. Palpi reaching
vertex of head. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing
with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7
stalked.
875. Chalcocelis fumifera, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 195, pl. vi,
fig. 13.
6. Head, thorax, abdomen, and
wings dark smoky brown. Fore
: wing with a patch below the mid-
Be ee VA dle of the cell, the inner part of
ee | x which is bright coppery red, the
a iy outer dark brown with a con-
spicuous white dot in the middle
Fig. 267. of it.
Chalcocelis fumifera, @. Hab. Rangoon; Singapore. Hap.
22 millim.
Genus TRIPLOPHLEPS, nov.
Type, ZT. inferma, Swinh.
Range. Burma.
g. Antenne simple. Palpi reaching vertex of head. Hind
tibia with one pair of spurs. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked.
TRIPLOPHLEPS.—CERATONEMA. 393
876. Triplophleps inferma, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 194.
o. Head, thorax, abdomen, and
wings greyish fuscous. Fore wing
= with a black antemedial curved line,
/ not quite reaching either the costa
s se) or inner margin ; a postmedial black-
ish curved line from the lower angle
of cell to vein 1 6; an obliquely-
curved line from the costa before
the apex to above outer angle.
Hab. Rangoon. Hp. 22 millim.
Fig. 268.
Triplophleps inferma, 3. +:
Genus ORTHOCRASPEDA, nov.
Type, O. trvma, Moore.
Range. Burma; Java.
9. Antenne simple. Palpireaching vertex of head. Mid tarsi
tufted with hair; hind tibie with one pair of spurs. Fore
wing with veins 8 and 9 stalked; the outer margin straight and
erect. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked.
877. Orthocraspeda trima, Moore, Lep. E. I, Co. p. 416, pl. xia,
figs, 13, 15 a, pl. 21, fig. 9 (larva).
©. Head, thorax, and abdomen
pale brown. Fore wing pale brown,
NN with four oblique black-brown lines,
SB one subbasal from subcostal nervure
to inner margin, a similar medial
line, one postmedial from subcostal
to vein 2, and one submarginal from
Fig. 269. the costa before apex to outer angle ;
Orthocraspedatrima, B. +. a marginal dark line. Hind wing
fuscous.
Larva: the first four somites brown ; the posterior somites green,
with a brown dorsal band expanding on the last somites, a yellow
patch on each side of the narrow part; paired lateral spinous
tubercles to each somite.
Hiab. HE. Pegu; Java. Hap. 20 millim.
Genus CERATONEMA, noy.
Type, C. retractatum, W1k.
Range. Sikhim ; Naga Hills.
g. Antenne simple. Palpi reaching vertex of head. Hind
-ibie with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10
stalked. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell.
394 LIMACODID&.
Scr. I. Palpi with 3rd joint of moderate length.
878. Ceratonema albifusum, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing
ochreous, suffused with whitish along inner and outer margins; a
broken medial band of dark scales, prominent at costa, lower angle
of cell, and inner margin; a submarginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing whitish.
Hab. Nagas, 6000 feet (Doherty). Hap. 23 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
879. Ceratonema retractatum, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 487; C. § S.
no. 1291.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen
ochreous. Fore wing ochreous, the
= veins darker; a dark oblique line
: VA from the costa before the middle
OM —— to centre of inner margin; a fine
: WS hy waved postmedial line from vein 6
‘as to inner margin ; an oblique line from
Fig. 270. costa before apex to outer margin at
Ceratonema retractatum, g. 3. vein3. Hind wing pale yellow; an
ochreous streak near anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim. Eup. 24 millim.
Szcr. IT. Palpi with 3rd joint minute.
880. Ceratonema fasciatum, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish; collar and extremity
of abdomen fuscous. Fore wing silky white; an oblique dark
band from costa just beyond middle to inner margin just before
the middle; a dark speck beyond it on the costa and another on
vein 1 4 ; two dark specks on outer margin below the apex. Hind
wing yellowish white, with two dark specks on margin below the
apex.
Hab. Nagas, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 28 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
Genus ARAZOGYIA, nov.
Type, A. spatulata, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim.
¢. Antenne simple. Palpi upturned and long, reaching above
vertex of head. Hind tibiz with two pairs of spurs; legs naked.
Fore wing with vein -7 from below angle of cell, 8 and 9 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from the cell.
ARMOGYIA.—CANIA. 395
881. Arzogyia ue n. sp.
YZ g. Head and thorax purplish
black; abdomen fuscous, darkest
4 on middle segments. Fore wing
black, irrorated with afew leaden
i scales ; a patch of leaden scales on
j Q/ the costa before apex, and on inner
margin before outer angle. Hind
Fig. 271. wing fuscous; cilia with a few
Are@ogyia spatulata, 3. F. spatulate scales, anda conspicuous
patch of them at anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim (Elwes), Exp. 16 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
882. Arzogyia castanea, n. sp.
3. Head pale; thorax chestnut; abdomen pale, the middle
segments darker. Fore wing chestnut; a large blackish patch
beyond the cell from the costa to vein 3, darkest on the discocel-
lulars, where there are a few white scales. Hind wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim (Llwes). Exp. 18 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus CANIA.
Cania, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1177 (1855).
Type, C. bilinea, W1k.
Range. China; throughout India and Burma; Malacca; Java.
Antenne in male bipectinated to three- fourths length. Palpi
slight and short. Fore wing with vein 11 curved and running
along 12. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from the cell. Mid tibia
with one pair of spurs, hind tibia with two pairs.
Szcr. I. Fore wing with vein 7 from angle of cell, 10 from
before the angle.
883. Cania bilinea, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1142.
Cania sericea, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1178; C.§ S. no. 1321; Butl. Ill. Het.
vi, pl. 102, fig. 7.
Miresa mollis, "Wik. Cat. xxxil, p. 475; C.§ 8. no, 1314.
Nyssia malaccana, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 481,
Aspidiotus bicarinatus, Wk. Cat. ‘Homopt. Suppl. p. 306 (1858).
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing
reddish ochreous jthe head and collar
rather darker. Fore wing with two
oblique lines with pale outer edges
from the costa before the apex to
near centre of inner margin; cilia
ochreous or brownish. Abdomen
and hind wing ochreous.
Fig. 272.—Cania bilinea, S. }-
396 LIMACODID&.
@. The lines of the fore wing indistinct and without the pale
edges.
Hab. China; Dharmsala; Sikhim ; Manipur; Ganjam; S. India;
Malacca; Java. Hwp. 34 millim.
884. Cania bandura, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 417, pl. xia, fig. 9;
C. & S. no. 1280 a.
$- Head and collar fuscous; thorax and abdomen yellowish
white. Fore wing silky black, witha yellowish-white basal patch ;
the costa and outer margin narrowly yellowish white. Hind wing
yellowish white, with a slight fuscous suffusion.
Hab. Rangoon; Malacca; Java. wp. 36 millim.
Srcr. II. Fore wing with vein 7 stalked with 8 and 9,
10 from the angle.
885. Cania pulligonis, Swink. P. Z. 8.1889, p. 408, pl. 43, figs. 7, 8.
3$. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous. Fore wing ochreous,
the whole disk suffused with dark brown, red-brown, and grey scales ;
an indistinct oblique line from the costa before apex to centre of
inner margin; a curved submarginal line starting from the same
point on the costa as the postmedial line. Hind wing ochreous.
@. Head, thorax, and fore wing uniform dark vinous brown.
Fore wing with the two lines ochreous, the submarginal line more
oblique and less curved. Hind wing darker than in male.
Hab. Canara. Exp., § 25, 9 28 millim.
Genus ALTHA.
Altha, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 173 (1862).
Belgoreea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 496 (1865).
Type, A. nivea, W1k.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Borneo.
Palpi short and slight. Mid and hind tibie without spurs.
Fore wing with vein 7 from the cell or stalked with 8 and 9. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 from the cell.
Sror. I. Fore wing with vein 7 stalked with 8 and 9.
A. Male with antenne pectinated to the tips.
886. Altha castaneipars, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 819; A § S&
no. 1309.
3. Head, thorax, and wings yellowish white. Fore wing with
a large chestnut subbasal irregular patch, with a blue-grey line
ALTHA. 397
across the middle from the median nervure to lower edge; traces
of two postmedial lines, with a costal black speck at their origin ;
@ pale brown suffusion towards outer angle. Underside of fore
wing suffused with black below the costa and median nervure.
End of abdomen with some fulvous hairs.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas. Hap. 40 millim.
B. Male with distal half of antenne serrated.
887. Altha nivea, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soe. vi, p. 173.
Candyba punctata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 182, fig. 4; C. & S.
no. 1326 (nec WIk.).
Belgorzea subnotata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 497.
The wings broader and rounder.
Pure white. Fore wing with a
black dot beyond lower end of
cell and two on outer margin be-
low apex. Hind wing with two
black dots on outer margin
below apex. Underside with
costa of fore wing black.
In a fresh specimen from Sikhim prominent olive markings
appear on the fore wing as patches in and below the cell and
forming an irregular postmedial band.
Candyba punctata, W1k., is from Brazil, and the genus is distinct
from Altha.
Hab, Simla; Kulu; Sikhim; Sibsdgar; Ranchi; Ganjam; S.
India; Ceylon. xp. 30 millim.
Fig. 273.—Altha nivea, S. t.
888. Altha lacteola, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 193.
3. Differs from niwvea in the fore wing being slightly
blotched and streaked with orange in a similar manner to adala,
but not nearly as much; no black spot beyond end of cell and
only a trace of the subapical dark streak. Hund wing slightly
suffused with ochreous except on costal and inner areas. Under-
side with the costa of fore wing white.
There is a single specimen from Ceylon in coll. Swinhoe of a form
with the wings as much marked with red as in Narosa conspersa.
Hab. Rangoon; Ceylon. LHuvp. 24 millim.
Szor. IJ. Fore wing with vein 7 from the cell.
A. Fore wing with vein 10 from before end of cell.
889. Altha adala, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 418; id. Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 182,
figs. 3, 3a (larva); C. § S. no, 1318.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing brownish white. Fore wing
398 LIMACODID &.
whitish, spotted and streaked with red-brown marks forming in-
distinct bands, the most prominent being a red-brown spot below
middle of cell, two in the end of it, and one beyond; a black dot
beyond lower angle of cell and two on margin below apex. Hind
wing silvery white, with a dark dot on margin below apex.
Larva pale green, with indistinct dorsal and lateral rows of
bluish-green dots and longitudinal lines and a sublateral row of
white dots.
Cocoon oval and whitish.
Hab. Nagas; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Java. Hap. 28 millim.
890. Altha rufotessellata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 78, pl. 8, fig. 24; O. § 8.
no. 1520.
Differs from adala in the ground-colour of the fore wing being
ochreous, more closely and evenly distributed; the broken brownish-
orange bands of fore wing and spot at end of cell being more
prominent. Hind wing bright orange. Underside orange, yellow
towards outer margin.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim. zp. 34 millim.
B. Fore wing with vein 10 from end of cell.
891. Altha contaminata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 63, pl. 142, fig. 3.
Differs from adala in the ground-colour of the thorax and
fore wing being whiter; fore wing with the markings more
prominent. The abdomen, the whole of hind wing except costa,
and underside suffused with black; hind wing with a marginal
series of black dots.
Hab. Nilgiris, 6000-8000 feet. Hap. 28 millim.
Genus NAROSA.
Narosa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1151 (1855).
Type, WV. conspersa, W1k.
Range. Peninsular India and Ceylon; Naga Hills; Borneo;
Java.
Antenne ciliated in male, simple in female. Palpi reaching
vertex of head. Mid tibia with one pair of spurs, hind tibia with
two pairs. Fore wing with veins 7,8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 stalked.
892. Narosa conspersa, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1151; C. §& S. no. 1819;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 182, figs. 2, 2 a, b (larva).
Narosa velutina, Wk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 171.
Head and thorax white, slightly spotted with red-brown. Fore
wing yellowish white, spotted and streaked with red-brown marks,
forming indistinct broken transverse oblique lines; a large ferru-
NAROSA.—BBLIPPA. 399
ginous patch near base of inner margin ; two brown specks on outer
margin above veins 2 and 3. Abdo-
men and hind wing pale yellow.
Larva naked, oval, and trans-
versely corrugated ; with paired
dorsal humps; green, with white
subdorsal lines and a series of white
sublateral spots; legs yellow and
Fig. O74. retractile.
Narosa conspersa, §. 4. Cocoon oval; whitish, with a cir-
cular brown spot at one end.
Hab. Nagas; 8S. India; Ceylon; Borneo. wp. 22 millim.
893. Narosa denia, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 416.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale and dark brown. Fore wing
pale brown, irrorated with fuscous; a diffused curved dark brown
band from vein 2 near the outer margin curving up to and along
the subcostal nervure, then down to inner margin before the middle;
a marginal dark band, widest at apex; some dark apical specks.
Hind wing silky fuscous; cilia paler.
Hab. Ganjam; Nagas; Java. Hap. 20 millim.
Genus BELIPPA.
Belippa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 508 (1865).
Cheromettia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 183 (1883).
Type, B. horrida, W1k., from China.
Range. China; Ceylon ; Sikhim, Cachar, Manipur, and Burma ;
Java.
Antenne with the proximal one-third bipectinated in male,
ciliated in female. Palpi reaching vertex of head. Hind tibia with
two pairs of spurs. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind
wing with veins 6 and 7 from the cell.
Suor. I. Hind wing with outer margin rounded in male.
894. Belippa laleana, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 417; C.§ S. no. 1285.
Cheromettia ferruginea, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 348; cd.
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 132, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 (larva); C. § S. no. 1822.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing fulvous, the last with a
dark speck at end of cell; a
small black patch with a few
white scales on it at apex, where
the tips of the cilia also are
black. Hind wing paler and
yellower, with small black mar-
ginal streaks at apex and anal
angle.
Larva naked, oval, and convex
Fig. 275.—Belippa laleana, 3. +.
400 LIMACODID#®.
above; pale bluish green, with several longitudinal rows of small
yellow spots and a subdorsal row of black dots.
Cocoon round and whitish.
Hab. Sikhim; Ceylon; Rangoon; Bhamo. Ewp., ¢ 34, 9
42 millim.
895. Belippa thoracica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 74, pl. 8, fig. 7; 0. & S.
no. 1278.
6. Head and thorax white; collar sometimes fringed with
black; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing black-brown or dark olive-
brown, more or less irrorated with white scales; a white spot at
end of cell; two white spots on inner margin, which are some-
times obsolete; in the olive-brown specimens a blackish apical
patch suffused with white is prominent and a pale line runs from
its inner edge on the costa towards outer angle. Hind wing
fuscous; the cilia blackish at apex.
Hab. Sikhim, 7000 feet. Hap. 32 millim.
Srct. II. Male with outer margin of hind wing straight.
896. Belippa apicata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 75; C. § S. no. 1823.
¢. Head and thorax chestnut; abdomen dark brown. Fore
wing red-brown ; the basal area rather darker and bounded by a
slightly waved medial line; a dark spot at end of cell; an indis-
tinct waved postmedial line from costa to outer angle; a black
apical patch suffused with grey. Hind wing black-brown ; the
cilia ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim; Manipur. vp. 30 millim.
897. Belippa lohor, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 430, pl. xiiia, fig. 3.
$. Differs from apicata in the fore wing being rather narrower
and having the area beyond the cell suffused with fuscous. Hind
wing with a large triangular hyaline patch from the lower angle
of cell to outer margin from below apex to vein 2.
Hab. Cachar ; Java. Ewp. 28 millim.
Genus NAGODA.
Nagoda, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 542 (1887).
Type, WV. nigricans, Moore.
Range. Ceylon. mia
Antenne with the proximal one-third bipectinated in male,
ciliated in female. Palpi short and porrect. Fore wing with
veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with vein 8 sending a spur to
the costa; veins 6 and 7 from the cell. Hind tibia without spurs
in male, with a terminal pair in female. End of abdomen and
hind tarsi tufted with hair in male.
NAGODA.—MAHANTA. 401
898. Nagoda nigricans, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 542, pl. 211, fig. 10
(3); Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 161, fig. 1 (2).
¢. Head pale; thorax and abdomen clothed with red-brown’
dark brown, black, and grey scales. Fore wing hyaline ; the base’
inner margin, and apex broadly black’
the costa, veins, and outer margin
narrowly so. Hind wing hyaline; the
costa and inner margin broadly black, the
veins and outer margin narrowly black.
2 yellowish white. Fore wing
with three bright ferruginous spots
in cell, two below it, the outer one
large; two small dark spots below the
y I cell, and two below vein 1; a maculate
ae dark band from veins 5 to 2; two dark
40) maculate curved bands from the costa
o before apex to outer margin above outer
Fig. 276. angle.
Wagoda nigricans, x. Larva greenish blue, with dorsal and
lateral darker stripes and series of lunular markings seen through
the thick cuticle.
Cocoon rounded and greyish white.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., 3 30, 9 38 millim.
Genus MAHANTA.
Mahanta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 78 (1879).
Type, M. quadrilinea, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
6. Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antenne with
the branches very short. Hind tibia with a minute terminal
pair of spurs. Fore wing elongate, the apex produced, the outer
margin excised ; veins 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked together, 11 not curved.
Hind wing subquadrate ; the upper part of cell short ; veins 6 and
7 on a long stalk; 8 almost touching 7 near the end of the cell ;
the veinlet in cell running obliquely to the median nervure.
899. Mahanta quadrilinea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.78, pl. 8, fig. 20;
C.& S. no. 1478.
Fig. 277.—Mahanta quadrilinea, S. }.
3. Head grey; palpi fulvous; collar and tegule fulvous, the
WOle Ve 2D
402 LASIOCAMPID &.
latter with a white bar across each; thorax grey, abdomen
ochreous. Fore wing ochreous; an oblique medial dark line; a
similar line from the apex to inner margin beyond the middle;
inner area suffused with grey, which is diffused along the lines
towards the costa and along outer margin towards apex; cilia
fuscous. Hind wing uniform ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 52 millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Aphendala conspersa, Butl. P. ZS. 1880, p. 673 = Miresa quadri-
notata, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1315 A, is an Acontid.
LInimacodes grisea, Hmpsn. Il. Het. viii, p. 63, is an Aconird.
Proneca fola, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 194, pl. vi, fig. 8,
is a Hypogrammid.
Rabila frontalis, Wik., C. & 8. no. 1300, is a Leucanid.
Natada basalis, Wik.,C. & 8. no. 1272. Type lost; description
unrecognizable.
Family LASIOCAMPID.
A family of moths mostly of large size. Palpi porrect and
generally large ; proboscis absent ; eyes small ; antenne bipectinate
in both sexes ; legs generally with minute terminal pairs of spurs
to mid and hind tibie and rather hairy. Fore wing with vein 1a
not forked with 6; 1¢ rarely present ; the cell medial in position ;
veins 6 and 7 from the angle; veins 9 and 10 always stalked and
from before the angle. Hind wing with two internal veins ; 6 and 7
arising very near the base; 8 curved and almost touching 7 or
connected with it by a bar, thus forming a precostal cell ; accessory
costal veinlets generally present. Frenulum absent.
Larva with lateral downwardly-directed tufts of hair, and often
subdorsal tufts or dorsal humps on anterior somites thickly clothed
with hair.
Cocoon closely woven of silk and hair.
Fig. 278.—Larva of Suana concolor.
i)
Key to the Genera.
A, Hind wing with vein 8 running close along
7; no bar between them; few, or no,
accessory costal veinlets.
a. The cell of both wings closed.
LASIOCAMPID &,
a, Fore wing long and narrow, the apex
produced.
a3, Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10
Stalked atrcynrelertrtcierencry sates seers
6°. Fore wing with vein 8 not stalked
with 9 and 10.
a‘, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
GAG obookop ee svonbooeds
bt, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
from angle of cell
6. Fore wing broader.
a®, Hind wing with the costa excised. .
6°, Hind wing with the costa highly
arched near the base
oe oe ee oe eo oe
e°. Hind wing with the costa not excised
and evenly rounded.
a’, Fore wing with veins 6 and 7
from the cell. Hind wing with
veins 4 aud 5 from the cell.
a’, Palpi long
Dp AMT NOG aoooonoodon DOoon
b+, Fore wing with veins 6 and 7
stalked. Hind wing with veins
4 and 5 stalked or from the cell.
a, Fore wing with the outer
margin evenly rounded.
a®. Palpi long
Come balpishortiucessc 4cca woes ie
6°. Fore wing with the outer mar-
gin angulate and excised ....
CC
oe eee eo 8 oo eo oO
403
1. Buma, p. 404.
2. TaRagama, p. 404.
. Suana, p. 406.
4,
LEBEDA, p. 407.
. CLIsIocAMPA, p. 417.
. ARGUDA, p. 412.
. TRICHIURA, p. 420.
[p. 408.
. METANASTRIA,
. CHILENA, p. 416.
. Buaretta, p. 415.
ce’. Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8
stalked. Hind wing with veins
3,4 O stallkedi uke scktade de ¢ 7. SYRASTRENA, p. 414.
d*, Fore wing with veins 7 and 8
stalked.
a’. Fore wing with vein 6 from
theg cele ie eve sie tas ee eres 12. Kosata, p. 418.
6°. Fore wing with vein 6 stalked
Wb HM ONGh Mattel salsa ss 11. AtomprRa, p. 417.
6’. Hind wing with the cell open ........ J4, CRINOCRASPEDA,
[p. 420.
c'. Both wings with the cell open
B. Hind wing with vein 8 remote from 7; a
bar connecting them and forming a large
precostal cell with numerous accessory
costal veinlets.
a’, Fore wing with the stalk of veins 9 and
10 short,
a’, Fore wing short, the apex rounded... 16.
b?. Fore wing longer, the apex produced. 18.
6’. Fore wing with the stalk of veins 9 and
. TRABALA, p. 421.
LENopora, p. 422.
ODONESTIS, p. 425.
10 long.
a’, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from [p. 428.
they cele ts aru, vies elila aps ements 19. GASTROPACHA,
6’, Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 [p. 429.
Stallkedy weer see aoc scale came as 20, STENOPHYLLOIDES,
ce. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 stalked. 17. Estrenna, p. 424,
2D2
404 LASIOCAMPID ®.
Genus BHIMA.
Bhima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 403.
Type, B. undulosa, Wk.
Range. Himalayas ; Khasis; Manipur.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne with the branches becoming
abruptly short at middle in male. Legs without spurs. Fore
wing long and narrow; veins 6 and 7 from angle of cell; 8, 9, 10
stalked. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; 8 almost touching
7; slight accessory costal veinlets.
900. Bhima undulosa, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1477; C. § S. no. 1509.
6. Frons ochreous white ; antenne, head, thorax, and abdomen
very dark red-brown. Both wings very dark red-brown, irrorated
with ochreous scales ; fore wing with two pale waved indistinct
antemedial lines ; a white spot at end of cell; two oblique waved
postmedial lines ; a highly-dentate submarginal line; outer area
pale ; hind wing with the submarginal dentate line indistinct.
@ with the frons red-brown; the abdomen with a very large
pale terminal tuft ; the wings more suffused with ochreous.
The Kangra female is much suffused with grey; the abdominal
tuft is white; the markings of wings whitish; the hind wing
crossed by two waved lines just beyond the middle.
Cocoon formed of brownish hairs.
Hab. Kangra; Nepal; Khasis; Manipur. Ewp., ¢ 52, 9 82-
92 millim.
Genus TARAGAMA.
Taragama, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 427 (1859).
Type, 7. siva, Lef.
Range. Spain; Bagdad ; throughout India and Ceylon ; Philip-
pines; Borneo ; Java.
Palpi broad and obliquely porrect. Antenne with the branches
becoming abruptly short at middle in male; short throughout in
female. Legs without spurs. Fore wing long and narrow; veins
6, 7, 8 stalked; the stalk of 9 and 10 long. Hind wing with
veins 4 and 5 stalked ; 8 almost touching 7 ; slight accessory costal
veinlets.
TARAGAMA. 405
901. Taragama dorsalis, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1947.
Taragama castanoptera, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1888, p. 404; ©. & S.
no. 1499 B.
Taragama igniflua, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 147, pl. 142, figs, 2, 2a ;
C. §& S. no. 1502.
Taragama hyperanthere, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 18; C. & 8.
no. 1501.
Taragama intensa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 18; C. § S. no. 1503.
¢. Antenne fulvous; head, collar, and thorax greyish white ;
tegule deep red-brown; abdomen red-brown, each segment
fringed with grey. Fore wing deep red-brown; a white spot at
base; one on costa just beyond the middle forming part of an
almost obsolete medial line; a waved postmedial oblique white
1
Fig. 280.—Taragama dorsalis, $. }-
line, obsolescent at middle ; margins narrowly white. Hind wing
deep red-brown, with a large white patch at anal angle ; outer
margin narrowly white.
2. The pale fringe to abdominal segments broader ; hind wing
paler, with the pale patch produced across the wing as an indistinct
band.
The Javan race is very pale in both sexes.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Calcutta; throughout 8. India and
Ceylon; Philippines; Borneo; Java. Hwp., ¢ 54, 2 80-102
millim. :
902. Taragama siva, Lef. Zool. Journ. iii, p. 210.
Bombyx ganesa, Lef. Zool. Journ. iii, p. 211; C. § S. no. 1500;
Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. ii, pl. 22, figs. 4, 4 a (larva).
Megasoma pallidum, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1450; C. § S. no. 1504,
Megasoma venustum, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1449.
Megasoma.albicans, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1450.
3g. Differs from dorsalis in the tegule being ochreous red-brown ;
the abdomen white, sometimes slightly tinged with red-brown.
Fore wing grey; a red-brown spot ringed with white at base; a
yellow-brown subbasal patch; the white medial line distinct and
angled inwards below the cell; a red-brown spot in the cell pro-
duced beyond the lower angle as a streak; a very irregular white
406 LASIOCAMPID A,
postmedial line. Hind wing white; a slight fuscous suffusion on
outer area; a dark patch on outer margin near anal angle.
2. Differs from dorsalis in the abdomen being almost wholly
white ; fore wing with a conspicuous white spot on the postmedial
line (which is obsolescent except at costa) at veins 4 and 5; hind
wing white, with a reddish tinge on outer area; the cilia red-brown
near anal angle.
Larva pale ochreous brown; large dark dorsal patches of hair
on 2nd and 3rd somites; small black spots on 4th to 9th; long
lateral tufts of ochreous hair; subdorsal series of small hairy
papille ; paired larger dorsal papille on 10th and 11th somites.
Cocoon formed of pale hair.
Hab, Throughout N.W. and 8. India. Eep., 3 48, 2 66-84
millim.
Genus SUANA.
Suana, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1502 (1855).
Type, S. concolor, W1k.
Range. Throughout India and Ceylon; Philippines; Java.
Palpi long and broad. Antenne with branches gradually
shortening to apex in male, extremely short throughout in female.
Legs without spurs. Fore wing long and narrow; veins 6, 7, 8
stalked ; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 long. Hind wing with the outer
margin straight in the male; veins 4 and 5 stalked or from angle
of cell; 8 almost touching 7; one slight accessory costal veinlet.
908. Suana concolor, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1463; C. § S. no. 1508.
Lebeda bimaculata, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1463; C. § S. no, 1506;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 140, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 (larva).
Suana ampla, W/k. Cat. vi, p. 1502; C. & S. no. 1505.
Suana cervina, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 410; C. § S. no. 1507.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown. Fore wing
Fig. 281.—Suana concolor, 3. }.
dark red-brown, the costa greyish ; a more or less distinct yellowish
SUANA.—LEBEDA. 407
subbasal spot ; a silvery-white spot at end of cell ; two antemedial,
a medial, and two postmedial dark waved lines; a submarginal
lunulate line, with yellow marks more or less prominent in the
undulations. Hind wing darker red-brown.
Some specimens lose the white spot and others are very dark.
2. Much paler; the markings similar; fore wing with a small
grey patch at base.
The form ampla = concolor has lost the white spot at end of cell
of fore wing which is present in dimaculata ; all the intergrades are
represented.
Larva pale brown covered with numerous black strize ; 2nd and
3rd somites with raised dorsal humps covered with close black or
dark brown hair ; some specimens (or a younger stage ?) have small
white-haired dorsal papille on 4th to 1LOth somites, each with a
pair of red-brown papille in front and a pair of crimson papille
on each side; 11th somite with a black dorsal tuft ; lateral brown
tufts on each somite ; head longitudinally banded with black.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Philippines ; Java. Hzp.,
g 52-64, 9 106-146 millim.
Genus LEBEDA.
Lebeda, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1453 (1855).
Type, L. nobilis, W1k.
Range. The Himalayas; Assam Hills; Sylhet.
Palpi long and broad. Antenne with the branches gradually
decreasing to apex in male, short throughout in female; mid and
hind tibize with a minute terminal pair of spurs. Fore wing broad,
the apex rounded ; veins 6 and 7 stalked; the stalk of veins 9 and
10 short. Hind wing with the costa deeply excised ; veins 4 and
5 from end of cell; 8 nearly touching 7; slight accessory costal
veinlets.
904, Lebeda nobilis, W7k. Cat. vi, p. 1456; C.§ S. no. 1465; Buti.
Lil, Het. vy, pl. 100, figs. 5, 6.
3. Head and thorax pale red-brown; palpi black at sides and
below; abdomen redder brown. Fore wing pale brown; two
oblique antemedial pale lines, which nearly meet on the inner
margin; a white spot at end of cell; two postmedial pale curved
lines ; a dark streak from the middle of cell to outer area, where it
expands into a large marginal patch; a very indistinct lunulate
submarginal line with two dark spots on it near the outer angle.
Hind wing red-brown, with two pale curved postmedial lines.
Underside: the basal area of both wings red-brown; the outer
area pale, with two postmedial lines.
2. More uniform red-brown varying to grey-brown; fore wing
with the postmedial lines straighter and without the dark streak.
408 LASLOCAMPID ®.
The distance between the lines on the inner margin of the fore
wing varies much.
Fig. 282.—Lededa nobilis, g. 4.
Hab. N.W. and E. Himalayas ; Sylhet: Nagas. Exp., g 96-
120, 2 138-148 millim.
Genus METANASTRIA.
Metanastria, Miibn. Verz. p. 186 (1818).
HKutricha, Hubn. Verz. p. 188 (1818).
(Kona, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1417 (1855).
Chatra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 80 (1879).
Type, WM. hyrtaca, Cram.
Range. Europe; Japan; China; 8. Africa; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Borneo.
Palpi long and broad. Antenne with the branches gradually
decreasing to apex in male, short throughout in female. Mid and
hind tibiz with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing broad ;
vein 1 ¢ present; 6 and 7, or 6, 7, 8, stalked; the stalk of veins 9
and 10 long. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked or from cell ;
8 almost touching 7; slight accessory costal veinlets.
Secr. I. Fore wing with vein 8 from the angle of cell in
both sexes.
A. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked.
905, Metanastria aconyta, Cram. Pap. Evot. ii, pl. 1814; C.§ 8.
no. 1457,
Lebeda opponens, W7k. Cat. vi, p. 1462; C. & S. no. 1466.
Bombyx quadricincta, Fabr. Mant. Ins. 11, p. 111.
Lasiocampa trifascia, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1439.
Lasiocampa substrigosa, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1441.
Lasiocampa subparallela, Wk. Cat. xxxil, p. 562; C. & S.no. 1490.
¢. Pale reddish brown. Fore wing with two antemedial lines
METANASTRIA. 409
approaching each other at inner margin; two postmedial nearly
parallel lines; an indistinct lunulate submarginal line with two
small dark spots on it near outer angle, either or both of which
may be absent; the nervules pale; the outer margin of both wings
fuscous. Underside of fore and hind wings crossed by two indis-
tinct lines.
2. Fore wing with the lines not so parallel and more curved.
Hab, Sikhim; Canara, Exp. 3 48-60, 2 92 millim.
906. Metanastria nanda, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 423, pl. xiia, fig. 3 ;
C. § S. no. 1464.
¢. Differs from aconyta in the inner of the two postmedial
lines of the fore wing being curved and approaching the ante-
medial line at inner margin ; the dark spots near outer angle large ;
the nervules not pale; hind wing with the basal inner area
clothed with red hair.
This may be a variety of aconyta.
Hab. Sikhim. vp. 64 millim.
907. Metanastria latipennis, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1457; But. Ill. Het.
v, pl. 99, figs. 1, 2.
Pelt erericeele, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 347; C. § S.
no. 14/0.
Lebeda vulpina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 81; C. & S. no. 1475.
Lebeda placida, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 80; C. & S. no. 1467.
Lebeda fasciata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 375; C. § 8S.
no. 1459,
Chatra grisea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 80; C. & S. p. 1479.
Eutricha cheela, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 408; C. § S. no. 1486.
Dark brown, dark red-brown, or grey-brown. Fore wing some-
times with a chestnut patch near the base; a white speck at end
of cell; indistinct curved antemedial, medial, and two postmedial
lines, the last waved; a series of grey and black submarginal
lunules expanding into a large spot on inner margin, each lunule
with a faint chestnut spot inside it, most prominent in the brown
specimens.
In the Ceylon form variegata the head and thorax are rather
greyer ; the abdomen and hind wings browner.
Hab. Sikhim ; Calcutta; Ceylon; Burma; Borneo. Evup., $ 78-
88, 2 126 millim.
908, Metanastria fulgens, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 81; C. § S. no. 1460.
3g. Differs from latipennis in being much darker red-brown.
Fore wing with a large yellowish patch at outer angle ; the lines
black ; three indistinct irregular antemedial lines and three highly-
waved postmedial lines, the outer line coalescing at middle with
the submarginal spots, which are dark. Hind wing with traces of
three dark lines.
@. Paler.
Hab, Sikhim. Ezxp., 3 78, 2 106 millim.
+10 LASIOCAMPID &,
909. Metanastria lidderdalii, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 73, pl. 100,
figs. 1,2; C. § S. no. 1461.
Lebeda stigmata, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p.73; C. § S. no. 1471.
3. Uniform dark red-brown. Fore wing with a white spot at
end of cell; three dark postmedial curved lines; a series of dark
submarginal spots between the veins.
2. Without the white spot at end of cell of fore wing.
In the form stiymata the first line of the fore wing is nearer
the end of the cell, and in the female there is a white spot present
at end of cell.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan. Lwp., g 98-108, 9 146 millim.
910. Metanastria ampla, Wk. Cat. vi, p. 1412; C. § S. no. 1491.
Lebeda ferruginea, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1458.
3. Differs from lidderdalit in the white spot at end of cell of
fore wing being usually reduced to a speck; the three postmedial
lines waved ; the submarginal spots nearer the margin.
@. Paler or more dusky; fore wing with a dark antemedial
line; hind wing with traces of three dusky bands.
Hab, Sikhim ; Sylhet; Burma; Java; Philippines. Evp., ¢ 98,
© 140-150 millim.
B. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from angle of cell.
911. Metanastria undans, Wk. Cat. vi, p. 1458; C. § S. no. 1472.
Odonestis excellens, Butl. Lil. Het. ii, p. 19, pl. xxvi, figs. 4, 5.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous red-brown. Fore
wing ochreous red-brown, darkest at base and outer area; two
antemedial waved lines; three waved postmedial lines, the two
outer ones approaching each other at inner margin. Hind wing
uniform ochreous red-brown.
Hab. Japan; Sylhet. wp. 85 millim.
Sect. IT. Fore wing with vein 8 stalked with 6 and 7 in the male.
Hind wing with yeins 4 and 5 stalked.
12, Metanastria hyrtaca, Cram. Pap. Evot. iii, pl. 249 F.
Lebeda lusca, Faér. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 112; C. & S. no, 1463,
Bombyx buddha, Zef. Zool. Journ. iii, p. 209; C. §& S. no. 1458 ;
Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. 12 a, figs. 2, 2a; Forsayeth, Trans. Ent.
Soc. 1884, pl. xv, figs. 3, 3 a, 6 (larva).
Bombyx brahma, Lef. Zool. Journ. iii, p. 208.
Lebeda plagiata, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1464.
Lasiocampa bhira, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 410, pl. 34, fig. 2;
C. §& S. no. 1488.
3. Pale or dark red-brown; palpiblack below. Fore wing with
two antemedial pale lines and two postmedial angulated lines, with
an almost black patch between the upper part of the ante- and post-
METANASTRIA. +1]
medial lines crossed by the pale veins and with a white lunule on
it; a lunulate submarginal line. Underside of hind wing with
two pale lines.
@. Fore wing with the two antemedial and two postmedial
lines much more distinct and without the dark patch and white
lunule; the submarginal lunulate line very indistinct. Hind wing
with an indistinct pale line.
Fig. 283.—Metanastria hyrtaca, 3. }.
Larva dark grey; a narrow crimson dorsal line across second
somite behind a tuft of short dense hair; lateral tufts of whitish-
brown hair; 3rd to 10th somites with dorsal oval brown velvety
patches, each with four blue papille armed with long hairs.
Hab. E. Himalayas; Assam; Bombay; Mhow; Ganjam ;
Madras; Ceylon. Ewp., $ 48, 2 74 millim.
913. Metanastria repanda, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1460; C. § S. no. 1470;
Buti. Ill. Het. vi, pl. 101, figs. 1, 2.
3. Differs from hyrtaca in being darker brown; the black
patch of fore wing narrower, with the white lunule on its inner
edge ; the submarginal lunulate line more distinct.
Q@. Fore wing with the antemedial lines more erect ; the inner
postmedial line more angled below the costa; a series of dark spots
on the lunulate line.
This may be a variety of hyrtaca.
Hab. Nepal; Assam; Bassein. Ewp., ¢ 50, 2 90 millim.
Secor. III. Fore wing with vein 8 stalked with 6 and 7 in
both sexes.
914, Metanastria recta, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1461; C. § S. no. 1469.
2. Grey-brown, without any red tinge; fore wing with the two
antemedial and two postmedial lines almost straight and parallel,
not curved or angled; the submarginal line dark and distinct.
Hind wing without trace of the pale line on upperside.
This may be a variety of repanda.
Hab. N. India. Exp. 70 millim.
412 LASIOCAMPID &.
915. Metanastria obliquifascia, Swink. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 263.
3. Very dark red-brown; head and thorax suffused with
purplish. Fore wing with an indistinct dark lne from the base
curving up to the costa beyond the middle; an oblique line from
near the apex to middle of inner margin, with an irregular series
of pale spots beyond it; the area between the line and spots
purplish. Hind wing paler red-brown.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim.
Genus ARGUDA.
Arguda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 79 (1879).
Radhica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 79 (1879).
Type, A. decurtata, Moore.
Range. Himalayas; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Burma; Philippines ;
Amoy; Singapore; Australia ; Tasmania.
Palpi very long; antenne with branches gradually decreasing
toapex. Mid and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
Fore wing broad, the outer margin rather erect ; veins 6 and 7
from angle of cell; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 short. Hind wing
with veins 4and 5 from cell; 8 almost touching 7 ; slight accessory
costal veinlets.
Srcr. I. (Radhica). Palpi with 3rd joint heavily fringed with hair.
Fore wing with outer margin irregularly waved.
916, Arguda flavovittata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 79; C. §& S. no. 1477.
>
Fig. 284.—Arguda flavovittata, 9. }.
@. Palpi blackish; head, thorax, andabdomen brownish ochreous ;
a dark stripe on head and thorax, ending in a grey spot. Wings
brownish ochreous; a slightly irregular antemedial dark line; a
black speck at end of cell; a nearly straight postmedial line,
ARGUDA. 413
inwardly dark, outwardly ochreous; asubmarginal series of ochreous
lunules inwardly defined with fuscous, the one between veins 3
and 4 displaced towards the margin. Hind wing with straight
dark antemedial and irregular lunulate submarginal lines. Cilia
of both wings dark. Underside of hind wing with a prominent
waved antemedial line.
Hab. Dharmsala; Naini Tal; Bhutan. Hap. 80 millim.
Sect. II. Palpi with the 3rd joint not thickly fringed with hair.
Fore wing with outer margin nearly straight.
917. Arguda bheroba, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 424, pl. xiia, fig. 5;
C. §& S. no. 1492.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown ; wings rather
darker red-brown ; fore wing with a curved antemedial dark line ;
a very prominent white spot at end of cell; a nearly straight and
slightly oblique dark postmedial line; outer margin suffused with
grey. Underside: fore wing with a dark postmedial line; hind
wing with a large dark patch extending from the middle of costa
to lower angle of cell, with an indistinct line from it to inner
margin ; traces of a dark postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim ; Ceylon; Singapore; Amoy; Philippines. vp.
68 millim.
918. Arguda rosea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 65, pl. 144, fig. 18.
3S. Palpi black; head and thorax pale reddish brown, with a
dark stripe on vertex ; abdomen black, the terminal segment clothed
with red hair. Wings pale red-brown; fore wing with the basal
and outer areas tinged with pink; nearly straight oblique ante-
medial and medial lines ; a waved postmedial line, curved at veins
3 and 4; a dark speck at end of cell. Hind wing suffused with
pink, except on costa. Underside: fore wing suffused with fuscous
below the apex, hind wing on base and outer areas, with grey on
medial area; waved indistinct dark antemedial and medial lines.
Hab, Nilgiris, 6000 feet. Hap. 100 millim.
Sror. IIL. (Arguda). Male with the branches of antenne
much longer.
919. Arguda vinata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 820; C. § S. no. 1474.
Differs from rosea in the colour being much paler grey-brown ;
the abdomen grey-brown, red-brown above. Fore wing with
the antemedial and medial lines more distinct, oblique, and in-
wardly edged with grey; the postmedial waved line straighter.
Hind wing pale grey-brown, the base and inner margin suttused
with red-brown; an indistinct curved postmedial line. Under-
414 LASIOCAMPIDA.
side: fore wing red-brown, witha pale suffusion beyond the medial
and postmedial lines. Hind wing suffused with brown; three
indistinct waved pale bands.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., 3 70, 2 86 millim.
920. Arguda rectilinea, n. sp.
3S. Differs from vinata in the palpi being pale; thorax with a
narrow dark streak on vertex; abdomen not suffused with ferru-
ginous. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines dark, in-
distinct, and less oblique; the black speck at end of cell more
prominent; the waved submarginal line very indistinct. Hind
wing vinous red-brown, with an indistinct dark medial line which
is waved on the underside; no pale bands below.
Hab. Bassein, Burma. Exp. 45 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
921. Arguda decurtata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.79; C. & S. no. 1476.
3. Differs from rosea in the colour being browner ; the abdomen
pale red-brown ; the antemedial line more oblique; the medial
line double, the space between it and the postmedial line usually
darker than the ground-colour; the postmedial line outwardly
edged with grey. Underside: fore wing with two indistinct post-
medial lines, the outer margin suffused with grey ; hind wing with
a dark waved antemedial line; a curved grey medial band; a
lunulate grey postmedial line ; outer margin suffused with grey;
dark lunules on the margin.
©. Paler.
Hab. Sikhim. Ezp., g 52, 9 68 millim.
922. Arguda albigutta, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1419.
¢. Palpi red-brown at sides, white above; head ochreous ;
branches of antenne black ; thorax and abdomen bright red-
brown; abdominal tuft orizzled. Fore wing bright red-brown,
the outer area suffused with grey; a large white spot at end of
cell; curved antemedial and postmedial fine pale lines; an irre-
gular submarginal series of indistinct black spots. Hind wing
red-brown, with a yellow tinge.
@. Paler; the palpi white or dark grey above; fore wing with
the white spot absent.
Hab. Subithu, N.W. Himalayas; Australia; Tasmania. zp.
51 millim.
Genus SYRASTRENA.
Syrastrena, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 373.
Type, S. minor, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi very long and broad. Antenne with the branches
decreasing to apex. Mid and hind tibie with minute terminal
SYRASTRENA.—BHARBITA. 415
pairs of spurs. Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8 stalked ; the stalk of
veins 9 and 10 long. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 stalked; 8
nearly touching 7; one accessory costal veinlet.
923. Syrastrena minor, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 78; C. § S. no. 1439.
3. Pale reddish brown; fore wing slightly irrorated with grey
scales ; medial and postmedial nearly straight oblique pale lines.
Hab. Silkhim. Hap. 40-46 millim.
Fig. 285.—Syrastrena minor, $. }-
Genus BHARETTA.
Bharetta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 820.
Type, B. cinnamomea, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Manipur.
Palpi long. Antenne with the branches rather short. Mid
and hind tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing
with the apex acute; the outer margin angled at vein 6; veins 6
and 7 stalked; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 long. Hind wing with
veins 4 and 5 stalked; 8 nearly touching 7; one prominent
accessory costal veinlet.
Sucr. I. Hind wing with the apex and outer margin
evenly rounded.
924, Bharetta cinnamomea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 820, pl. 48,
fig. 6; C. & S. no. 1827.
Fig. 286.—Bharetta cinnamomea, 3. t.
3. Palpi and antenne dark red-brown; head, thorax, and
abdomen pale ochreous brown ; thorax with a dark stripe on the
416 LASIOCAMPID &.
vertex, continued in a less defined way on the proximal segments
of abdomen. Fore wing pale ochreous brown, irrorated with
fuscous scales ; a dark speck at end of cell; an oblique line from
apex to near base of inner margin, which is ochreous inwardly,
red-brown outwardly ; the margins narrowly red-brown. Hind
wing pale ochreous brown ; an indistinct line from apex to near
centre of inner margin. Underside of hind wing with an oblique
ochreous line from apex.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 54 millim.
Secr. II. Hind wing with the apex and outer margin excised.
925. Bharetta flammans, n. sp.
3. Bright brick-red. Fore wing with the margins dark ;
straight oblique ante- and postmedial dark lines, which approach
each other towards inner margin; traces of a submarginal lunulate
line; cilia tipped with white on each side of the angle. Hind
wing with the apical excised part of the outer margin crenulate
and the cilia white-tipped ; the apex purplish grey; traces of a
medial line.
Hab. Manipur, 6000 feet (Doherty). Hap. 40 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
Genus CHILENA.
Chilena, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1070 (1855).
Type, C. similis, W1k.
Range. Nepal; Punjab; Central India; Ceylon.
Palpi short and slight. Antenne with the branches of nearly
equal length in both sexes. Abdomen tufted at extremity in
male. Mid and hind tibie with mmute terminal pairs of spurs.
Fore wing broad, the outer margin oblique; veins 6 and 7
stalked; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 rather long. Hind wing with
veins 4 and 5 stalked; 8 almost touching 7; slight accessory
costal veinlets.
926. Chilena similis, W7k. Cat. v, p. 1071; C. & S. no. 1334.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brownish white. Fore wing
very pale brown, suffused with
fuscous; an oblique white streak
on the discocellulars with a faint
fuscous line from it to base of
inner margin ; two oblique fuscous
postmedial lines from near apex to
inner margin. Hind wing pale .
brownish white.
Fig. 287. >
Chilena similis, ares Hab. Nepal; Punjab. Exp., 3
38, 2 38-40 millim.
CHILENA.—ALOMPRA. 417
927. Chilena strigula, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 563; C. § S. no. 1335;
Forsayeth, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, pl. 14, figs. 6, 6 a, 6 (larva).
Differs from similis in having the abdomen and hind wings pure
white.
Larva black and yellow; a lateral tuft of long black hair tippe |
with white on each segment; short black and orange hair on the
dorsum ; dorsal tufts of long hair on the 2nd and 3rd somites
and one on terminal somite.
Cocoon formed of strong silk attached by long threads at each
end to a twig; the lower end open.
Hab. Mhow; Campbellpur; Ceylon. Lup., ¢ 34, 9 50 millim.
Genus CLISIOCAMPA.
Clisiocampa, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 48 (1829).
Type, C. castrensis, Linn., from Europe.
Range. N. America; Europe; Japan; N.W. Himalayas.
Palpi long and porrect. Antenne with the branches long.
Mid and hind tibize without spurs. Fore wing with veins 6 and 7
stalked; 8 from angle of cell. Hind wing with the costa highly
arched near the base; veins 4 and 5 stalked, the discocellulars
slender ; no accessory costal veinlets.
928. Clisiocampa indica, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1489; C. § S. no. 1333.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing
Fig. 288.—Clisiocampa indica, $. 4.
greyish, with red-brown patches at base and centre of costal area;
the outer area red-brown; ante- and postmedial oblique lines.
Hind wing uniform red-brown.
Hab. Dehra Din; Simla. wp. 34 millim.
Genus ALOMPRA.
Alompra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 579.
Type, A. ferruginea, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne with the branches long.
Mid and hind tibiz with the spurs very minute. Fore wing broad
VOL. I. 2E
418 LASIOCAMPID &.
and elongate; vein 6 stalked with 7 and 8: the stalk of veins 9
and 10 long. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked; 8 nearly
touching 7; two prominent accessory costal veinlets.
929. Alompra ferruginea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 580, pl. 38, fig. 8 ;
C. & S. no. 1387.
Bright ferruginous red; fore wing duller in colour except the
S
Fig. 289.—Alompra ferruginea, S. }.
basal area and an indistinct submarginal line; a black speck at
base and a curved subbasal maculate black line.
Hab. Sikhim. EHxp., g 66, 2 90 millim.
Genus KOSALA.
Kosala, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 407.
Type, K. sanguinea, Moore.
Range. Sikhim; Khasis; Nigas; Burma.
Palpi long and broad ; antennz with the branches of moderate
length ; mid and hind tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
Fore wing broad and rounded ; vein 6 not stalked with 7 and 8;
the stalk of veins 9 and 10 short. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
stalked; 8 almost touching 7; slight accessory costal veinlets.
Secr. I. Hind wing with the outer margin angulate at vein 7,
the costa arched.
930. Kosala sanguinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 408, pl. 33, fig. 8;
C. § S. no. 1485.
©. Head and thorax fiery red; abdomen brown. Fore wing
fiery red, with antemedial and medial dark slightly curved lines ;
a submarginal series of indistinct lunulate marks; apex speckled
with grey ; a pale spot on the discocellulars. Hind wing brown; ~
the costal area red with traces of a medial line. Underside
brown; both wings with a curved postmedial dark line.
Hab. Sikhim; Khasis. vp. 60 millim.
KOSALA. 419
931. Kosala modulata, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 197, pl. vi,
fir. 18,
3. Ochreous red-brown; antenne and tips of palpi rather
Fig. 290.—Kosala modulata, $. +4.
darker. Fore wing with a dark spot at end of cell: a curved dark
line just beyond the middle; the outer area rather darker. Hind
wing with traces of a medial dark line.
Hab. Bhamo, Burma. wp. 50 millim.
Secr. II. Hind wing with the outer margin evenly rounded ;
the costa arched.
932. Kosala rufa, n. sp.
¢. Antenne with the shaft ochreous, the branches brown;
head and thorax rufous. Fore wing rufous, suffused with ferru-
ginous red near the base ; two white spots at end of cell; a nearly
straight dark medial line; an indistinct series of submwarginal
ferruginous spots. Abdomen and hind wing vinous brown.
Underside paler and duller; both wings with a dark line just
beyond the middle.
Hab. Ndga Hills (Doherty). Exp. 62 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.
Secor. IIT. Hind wing with the costa straight.
933. Kosala flavosignata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 77, pl. iii, fig. 17;
C. § S. no. 1487.
g. Antenne brown; head and thorax bright dark brick-red.
Fore wing bright red-brown ; a waved antemedial dark line, with
yellow on “ach side of it towards inner margin; a small whitish-
yellow spot at end of cell; a waved postmedial line; an irregular
lunulate dark submarginal band outwardly edged with orange-red.
Abdomen and hind wing vinous brown.
Hab, Sikhim. Eup. 44 millim.
Din
420 LASIOCAMPID ®.
Genus TRICHIURA.
Trichiura, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 42 (1828).
Type, 7. crategi, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Sikhim; Khiasis.
Palpi long and thickly clothed with hair. Antenne with the
branches long in male. Legs thickly clothed with hair; mid and
hind tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing broad
and rounded ; veins 6 and 7 from angle of cell; the stalk of veins
9 and 10 short. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from angle of
cell; 8 almost touching 7; one accessory costal veinlet.
934. Trichiura khasiana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 82, pl. 3, fig. 21;
C. & S. no. 1480.
3. Head and thorax very dark red-brown; tips of antennal
branches and the vertex of thorax reddish; abdomen duller
brown. Fore wing black-brown, irrorated with grey scales; the
oO
Wa
Fig. 291.—Trichiura khasiana, 8. ;.
veins bright red-brown ; a straight grey antemedial line ; a curved
postmedial line; a waved submarginal red-brown line. Hind
wing umber-brown.
Hab. Sikhim; Khdsis. Exp. 38-48 millim.
Genus CRINOCRASPEDA, nov.
Type, C. torrida, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Manipur.
Palpi slight and porrect. Antenne with the branches of
moderate length. Mid and hind tibiz with minute terminal pairs
of spurs. Fore wing short and broad ; the outer margin crenulate ;
veins 6 and 7 stalked, 9 and 10 on a long stalk. Hind wing
rounded, the outer margin crenulate ; the cell open ; no accessory
costal veinlets.
935. Crinocraspeda torrida, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 76; C. § S. no. 1450.
Gis Olive-brown with an ochreous tinge. Antenne with the
shaft ochreous, the branches black. Fore wing with an ante-
CRINOCRASPEDA.—TRABALA. 491
medial slightly curved dark line; at centre of cell a triangular
apple-green spot, which may be reduced to a speck or altogether
absent; a large quadrangular apple-green spot at end of cell; a
curved dark postmedial line. Hind wing with an indistinct medial
Fig. 292.— Crinocraspeda torrida, 3. 1.
line. Both wings with an indistinct purplish-grey submarginal
lunulate line, more distinct on the underside. Both wings may be
largely suffused with ochreous, especially the inner margin of fore
wing and costa of hind wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Khasis; Manipur. Hap. 48-52 millim.
Genus TRABALA.
Trabala, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1785 (1856).
Amydona, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1418 (1855, preeoce.).
Type, ZT. vishnu, Let.
| Range. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.
Palpisomewhat short and slight. Antenne with branches shorter
in female than in male; mid and hind tibizw with a minute terminal
pair of spurs. Fore wing broad, the outer margin rounded, the
cell open ; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 very long. Hind wing with
the cell open; veins 6 and 7 arising very near the base ; no acces-
sory costal veinlets.
936. Trabala vishnu, Lef. Zool. Journ. iii, p. 207; C. § S. no. 1456;
Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. xxii, figs. 3, 36 (larva).
Gastropacha sulphurea, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 471; CC. § 8S.
no. 1449,
Trabala mahananda, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 821; C. & S. no. 1454.
Amydona basalis, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 14165.
Amydona prasina, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1417.
Amydona pallida, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1417.
gS. Pale apple-green; antennz ochreous brown, the disk of
fore wing and inner margin of hind wing whitish; fore wing
with a faint pale antemedial line curved below the costa; a dark
speck at end of cell; a pale straight oblique postmedial line,
422 LASIOCAMPID &.
which becomes medial on the hind wing ; both wings with a series
of small submarginal dark spots.
2. Yellowish-green, which fades to ochreous; the lines and
spots of both wings enlarged and blackish; the spot at end of cell
of fore wing large, conspicuous, and irrorated with black scales,
and sometimes centred with grey; a red-brown patch thickly
irrorated with black occupying the whole medial inner area from
the median nervure to inner margin ; cilia of both wings blackish.
Fig. 293.—Trabala vishnu, g. 3}.
Larva. Head yellow, spotted with red; the colour brownish
erey, with long lateral tufts on each somite ; that on the first black
and grey, the others grey; paired dorsal and lateral black spots on
each somite, from which spring long black hairs, the spots on the
thoracic somites coalescing. Another form of the larva is blackish
with a broad white dorsal stripe, the anterior tufts red-brown; a
third form is reddish with the lateral spots blue.
Cocoon ochreous, with short black hairs projecting from it, which
are intensely irritating.
Hab, China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.
Exp., & 50-60, 9 80-90 millim.
937. Trabala irrorata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 875; C.§ S.
no. 1452.
@. Bright yellow. Fore wing irrorated with black scales on
inner and outer areas ; an indistinct dark antemedial dentate line.
Hind wing with the inner part of the disk thickly suffused with
fuscous scales; the outer area with blackish. Both wings with
an irregular submarginal series of grey spots irrorated with black
scales; the cilia yellow. Underside of hind wing with a waved
medial line.
Hab. Tavoy ; Mergui; Borneo; Java. wp. 76 millim.
Genus LENODORA.
Lenodora, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 144 (1883).
Type, LZ. vittata, W1k.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma.
LENODORA,. ; 493
Palpi rather short and thickly clothed with hair. Antenne
with the branches long in male, short in female. Legs thickly
clothed with hair; minute terminal pairs of spurs to mid and hind
tibie. Fore wing broad and rounded; veins 6 and 7 stalked;
the stalk of veins 8 and 9 rather short. Hind wing with veins 4
and 5 from angle of cell; 8 curved and met by a bar from 7; the
accessory costal veinlets numerous and prominent.
938. Lenodora vittata, Wk. Cat. vi, p. 1440; C. § S. no. 1444.
Miresa subcostalis, Wilk. Cat. xxxii, p. 476; C. § S. no. 1443;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 157, figs. 3, 38a, 6 (larva).
¢. Bright red-brown; fore wing with a white streak below
the costa from the base to near outer margin below the apex.
Q. Pale ochreous brown, with only a slight red tinge.
Some Ceylon specimens are much duller in colour than typical
males.
AI
SA
he,
Fig. 294.—Lenodora vittata, 3. }.
Larva. Purplish black above, pale brown below; a sublateral
series of black streaks and dots; anterior somites dorsally divided
by pale bands; subdorsal tufts of white hair on 5th to 11th
somites.
Hab. Almorah; throughout 8. India and Ceylon. Ewp., $ 43-
48, 2 50-54 millim.
939. Lenodora signata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 874; C. § S.
no. 1442.
Lenodora fasciata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 374; C.§ 8.
no. 1440; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, pl. 142, fig. 6.
Lenodora fusca, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 374; C. § 8.
no. 1441,
g. Bright red-brown; fore wing with an indistinct darker
postmedial curved band.
2. Umber-brown ; fore wing with a pale indistinct postmedial
band.
The form signata has a pale spot at end of cell of fore wing ;
424. LASIOCAMPID 2.
only the female is known, and it may be a distinct species from
fusca =fasciata,
Hab. Dehra Din; Bombay; Nilgiri Plateau. Ewp., 3g 54,
© 56 millim.
940. Lenodora semihyalina, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 196,
pl. vi, figs. 10, 16.
3. Reddish brown with a yellow tinge; fore wing with an
indistinct ochreous band from the outer margin below the apex to
inner margin before middle; hind wing with a large pale subapical
atch.
: 2. Ochreous grey, with faint traces of the oblique band of the
fore wing.
Hab. Nagas; Rangoon; EH. Pegu; Bassein. Evp., ¢ 40, 2
48 millim.
Genus ESTIGENA.
Estigena, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 426 (1859).
Type, £. pardalis, Wik.
Range. Arabia; throughout India and Ceylon; Burma; Java.
Palpi very long and slender, varying somewhat in length.
Antenne with the branches short. Legs with the spurs very
uiinute. Fore wing long and narrow, the outer margin very
obliquely rounded ; veins 6, 7, 8 stalked; the stalk of veins 9 and
10 long. Hind wing produced and oval in shape; veins 3, 4, 5
stalked; 8 curved and met by a bar from 7; the accessory costal
veinlets numerous and prominent.
941. Estigena pardalis, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1453; C.§ S. no. 1499 a, _
Estigena nandina, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 427; id. Lep. Ceyl. 11,
pl. 142, figs. 1, la; C. & S. no. 1499.
3S. Palpi blackish ; head and thorax red-brown, with a dark
stripe on the vertex; abdomen paler. Fore wing red-brown, or
pale ochreous-brown, suffused with fuscous and crossed by four
indistinct waved dark lines; a black speck at end of cell. Hind
ESTIGEN A.—ODONESTIS. 495
wing ochreous or red-brown; the inner area paler; three indis-
tinct waved lines, which are obsolete on inner half; a large
ochreous patch may be present below the costa.
Q apparently never has the ochreous patch on the hind wing.
Hab. Arabia; throughout India and Ceylon; Nagas; Mergui;
Andamans; Java. Lwp., 5 38-48, 9 70-76 millim.
Genus ODONESTIS.
Odonestis, Germar, Prod. p. 49 (1811).
Type, O. potatoria, Fabr., from Europe.
Range. Palearctic and Oriental regions; Australia.
Palpi very long and slender. Antenne with branches shorter
in female than male. Legs with the spurs very minute. Fore
wing long, the apex acute; the outer margin obliquely rounded ;
veins 6 and 7 stalked; the stalk of veins 9 and 10 short. Hind
wing with veins 4 and 5 from cell or stalked ; 8 curved, and met
by a bar from 7; the accessory costal veinlets numerous and
prominent.
Sect. I. Fore wing with vein 8 from the angle of cell
in both sexes.
942. Odonestis leta, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1416; C. & S. no. 1453; Moore,
Lep. E. I, Co. pl. xii a, figs. 7, 7 a.
Lasiocampa decisa, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1441; C.§ S. no. 1489.
Lasiocampa inobtrusa, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) i, 1862, p. 85;
C. & S.no. 1494,
Head, thorax, and abdomen rather pale red-brown. Wings
red-brown; fore wing with an indistinct antemedial waved line; a
large whitish patch at lower end of cell suffused with reddish
brown and with a small spot above it; a very oblique dark line
from near the apex, curved downwards to centre of inner margin ;
a waved submarginal line ; hind wing with the costal area darker.
In the male the ground-colour of the whole insect may be dusky
brown, with the head and collar darker. In the form of the male
426 LASIOCAMPID®.
decisa=inobtrusa the colour is much duller with hardly any red
tinge, the line less oblique, and the spots at end of cell of fore wing
are reduced to fuscous marks. The female may have these same
spots reduced to a single white speck; the distance between the
oblique line and the end of the cell varies much.
Larva. Dark brown, with dusky strige ; lateral grey and black
tufts of hair, the pair on 1st somite longest ; along dorsal black tuft
on Ist somite and a grey tuft on 2nd; V-shaped short black tufts
on 3rd—10th somites; along dorsal tuft on 11th somite; some
reddish lateral spots.
Cocoon whitish, closely woven and papery in substance.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Sylhet; Burma; Sumatra;
Java. Eup., 44-54, 2 80 millim.
943. Odonestis divisa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 150, pl. 141, fig. 2;
C. § S. no. 1493.
Estigena purpurascens, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 10.
$. Head and thorax purplish red-brown. Fore wing purplish
red-brown ; a large chestnut or whitish spot at end of cell of fore
wing; an indistinct dark oblique line from the apex to centre of
inner margin. Hind wing with the costal area purplish red-
brown, the remainder flesh-colour. Cilia of both wings chestnut.
2 with the ground-colour of the thorax and fore wing red-
brown.
The Sikhim specimen differs in having the inner area of fore
wing suffused with yellow.
Hab. Sikhim; Kelani Valley, Ceylon. xp., $ 52, 2 76
millim.
944, Odonestis castanea, n. sp.
3S. Differs from leta in having the head, thorax, abdomen,
and fore wing chestnut-yellow; the last with the discal spots
reduced to two minute grey specks; the oblique grey line straight,
not curved near inner margin; hind wing dull brown; the cilia
ochreous.
2. Redder chestnut ; the costa of hind wing reddish brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Eep., ¢ 40, 2 60 millim. Type, ¢ in coll.
Druce, 2 in B. M.
945. Odonestis signata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 76; C. § S. no. 1498.
¢. Ditters from the decisa form of leta in the thorax and basal
part of abdomen being dark red-brown. Fore wing with the tuft
of hair on inner margin long; the lower whitish spot narrow and
elongate ; the postmedial line narrow and highly waved. Hind
wing with an indistinct medial line.
Hab. Sikhim, 4000 feet. Zap. 51 millim.
ODONESTIS. 427
946. Odonestis isocyma, n. sp.
3S. Dull red-brown. Fore wing with an indistinct waved ante-
medial line; a dark speck at end of cell; an evenly curved dark
line from the apex to inner margin, this being the main distin-
guishing point. Hind wing flesh-colour, with the costa darker.
Hab. Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 41 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
947. Odonestis pyriformis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 408, pl. 34, fig. 7 ;
C. & S. no. 1496.
3. Differs from lewta in being darker red-brown; the lower
whitish spot of the fore wing smaller and usually pyriform; the
oblique line greyer and far from the cell. Hind wing uniform red-
brown, usually with an indistinct dark transverse line.
Larva. Dorsum black; lateral area brown; a scarlet lateral
line and strige, grey and black subdorsal tufts on 2nd-11th
somites; dorsal red-brown tufts on lst somite and lateral tufts
on each somite.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. ap. 50 millim.
Secr. II. Fore wing with vein 8 stalked with
6 and 7 in the male.
948. Odonestis plagifera, Wik. Cat. vi, p. 1459; C. § S. no. 1468;
Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 99, fig. 5.
g. Dark red-brown. Fore wing with an indistinct antemedial
line; a pale line from the middle of inner margin curving up
obliquely to near the costa, then bent down with a curve to near
outer angle, and enclosing in its upper half a chocolate patch,
which extends beyond it to the apex and outer margin; some
purplish suffusion beyond it towards the apex. Hind wing paler
red-brown, with traces of a medial line; outer margin of both
wings dark.
2. Paler red-brown; fore wing witha dark spot at outer angle.
Hab. Simla; Nepal; Sikhim; Java. Hxp., ¢ 68-72, 2 100-
116 millim.
Secor. III. Fore wing with vein 8 stalked with 6 and 7 in the
female ; veins 4 and 5 stalked. Hind wing with veins + and
5 stalked.
949. Odonestis lineata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 81; C. & S. no. 1462.
3g. Ochreous chestnut-brown; palpi and antenne blackish ;
fore wing with the costal edge dark; a longitudinal blackish line
from base to outer margin below apex ; numerous basal and discal
indistinct dark waved lines; a submarginal series of black spots.
428 LASIOCAMPID &,
Hind wing rather paler. Underside with two postmedial indis-
tinct dark lines on both wings.
Hab. Sikhin. xp. 80 millim.
Genus GASTROPACHA.
Gastropacha, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iii, p. 239 (1810).
Type, G. quercifolia, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; China; Himalayas.
Palpi very long, the 3rd joint slender. Antenne with the
branches short, especially in female; mid and hind tibie with
minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing long, the apex acute,
outer margin crenulate; veins 6 and 7 stalked; the stalk of veins
§ and 10 long. Hind wing with part of the costa and outer
margin crenulate; veins 4 and 5 from cell; 8 curved and met by a
bar from cell; accessory costal veinlets numerous and prominent.
950. Gastropacha undulifera, Wik. Cat. vi, p.1895; C. § S. no. 1451.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen very pale brownish grey.
Wings pale brownish grey, slightly irrorated with fuscous; an
indistinct dark antemedial waved line; a dark streak on disco-
Fig. 297.— Gastropacha undulifera, 2. 1.
cellulars ; two indistinct waved oblique postmedial lines close
together; the crenulations of both wings dark at the projections,
pale at excisions.
Cocoon formed of pale silk loosely woven.
Hab. Dharmsala. vp. 70 millim.
951. Gastropacha sinuata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 76; C. § S. no. 1448.
3. Pale reddish ochreous ; antenne black. Fore wing with two
indistinct antemedial waved lines; a black spot at end of cell; two
postmedial and one submarginal indistinet waved lines; a series of
GASTROPACHA.—STENOPHYLLOIDES. 499
marginal indistinct marks. Hind wing with three waved post-
medial lines, not reaching the inner margin.
Hab. Sikhim. vp. 58 millim.
952. Gastropacha divaricata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 374;
C.§ S. no. 1446.
@. Dark red-brown. Fore wing with the outer margin more
irregular than in the preceding species; dark irregularly curved
ante- and postmedial lines which nearly meet on inner margin ;
between these are two less prominent lines which meet and end
at vein 2; an indistinct series of submarginal grey spots.
Hab. Sikhim. F£zvp. 88 millim.
Genus STENOPHYLLOIDES, nov.
Type, S. sikkima, Moore.
Range. Sikbim.
Palpi very long and slender. Antenne with the branches rather
short and decreasing rapidly to apex. Legs with the spurs very
minute. Fore wing very long and narrow, the outer margin very
oblique, angulated and crenulate ; veins 6, 7, 8 stalked ; the stalk
of veins 9 and 10 long. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked ; 8
curved and met by a bar from 7; the accessory costal veinlets
very numerous and prominent, the outer margin crenulate.
953. Stenophylloides sikkima, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 75; C. & S.
no. 1447,
S. Palpi blackish; head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown; a
Fig. 298.—Stenophylloides sikkima, g. 1.
dark stripe on vertex of head and thorax; metathorax with a
yellow tinge. Fore wing purplish red-brown ; the inner and apical
areas with a yellow tinge ; about seven very indistinct waved lines.
430 PTEROTHYSANID A,
Hind wing dark red-brown, the costal area ochreous; traces of
three or four waved medial lines.
Q paler and yellower in tone.
Hab. Sikhim. LEzxp., 3 66, 2 96 millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Trabala varia, Wlk., C. & 8. no. 1455, belongs to the genus
Lechriolepis, Butl., and is from W. Africa.
Trisula variegata, Moore, C. & 8. no. 1331, is a Noctua.
Family PTEROTHYSANID.
A family consisting of a single genus of day-flying moths.
Palpi upturned, proboscis present. Antenne simple. Mid
and hind tibiz with terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing with
veins 1 a and ¢ absent; 5 from the lower angle of cell. Hind
wing with veins 1a@ and ¢ absent; 5 from lower angle of cell, 8
with a precostal spur, and bent down and touching 7 at middle of
cell. Frenulum absent.
Larva unknown.
Genus PTEROTHYSANUS.
Pterothysanus, Wik. Cat. ii. p. 401 (1854).
Type, P. laticilia, W1k.
Range. ? China; Sikhim; Assam; Burma.
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head. Antenne simple.
Mid and hind tibie with terminal pairs of spurs. Fore wing with
vein 7 given off just before the end of cell; 8 and 9 stalked, and
from far before the end. Hind wing with a double fringe of very
long hair on inner margin, and scattered long hairs on inner area
of both wings.
954. Pterothysanus laticilia, W7k. Cat. ii, p. 401; Buti. Ill. Het. i,
pl. 14, fig.2; C. & S. no. 475.
Pterothysanus lanaris, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xiv, p. 406.
Head and collar fiery red ; thorax black ; abdomen orange, with
a series of black dorsal spots and paired lateral white spots ; all the
segments with black bands below slightly spotted with white, the
first two banded also above. Fore wing black ; a large white spot
on inner margin before the middle; one at end of cell; medial,
postmedial, and submarginal series of spots, those towards inner
margin coalescing, the first two series irregular; some small
marginal spots towards outer angle. Hind wing white, with a
PTEROLTHYSANUS. 431
black medial band ; a postmedial lunulate band not reaching inner
margin, sending spurs along the veins to the submarginal series of
spots ; a marginal series of spots which more or less coalesce with
the submarginal series.
Fig. 299.—Prerothysanus laticilia, @. 4.
The form lanaris from ? China has the postmedial band of the
hind wing much reduced.
Hab, ? China; Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam. Evp., 3 64, 2 75
millim.
955. Pterothysanus atratus, Buti. 4. M. N. H. (5) xvi, p. 346,
pl. viii, fig. 3; C. & S. no. 474.
3. Differs from laticilia in having a series of marginal pink
spots to both wings ; the white markings are considerably reduced,
especially those towards outer margin. Abdomen with paired
white spots on the ventral band.
Hub. Assam. Ep. 75 willim.
956. Pterothysanus noblei, Swink. P. Z. 8.1889, p. 401, pl. 44. fig. 3.
Differs from atratus in the marginal pink spots of both wings
being larger and brighter; the wings otherwise marked as in Jate-
cilia, Abdomen with the white spots on ventral black bands
elongate.
Hab. Burma. Evxp., 3 54, 9 58 millim.
957. Pterothysanus pictus, Buti. A. M. N. H. (5) xiv, p. 407;
C. § S. no. 476.
3. Differs from noble in the marginal pink spots of both wings
432 LYMANTRIID &.
being small and pale; the white area much more extensive; the
black markings small and only conjoined along the costa of fore
wing, towards the margin of both wings being reduced to small
round spots; the postmedial series placed further from the
margin.
Hab. Elephant Isl., Mergui. Exp. 60 millim.
These last three forms are very possibly varieties of one species.
Family LYMANTRIID.
A family of moths generally of nocturnal flight *, mostly clothed
with hair-like scales and with very highly developed pectinations
to the antenne in the male, the branches often having long terminal
spines, and spines to retain them in position; the females often
have a largely developed anal tuft of hair for covering the eggs.
Proboscis absent; legs hairy; frenulum present 7. Fore wing
with vein la not anastomosing with 16; le absentt; 5 from
close to lower angle of cell. Hind wing with two internal veins T;
5 from close to lower angle of cell f; 8 nearly touching 7 at middle
of cell and connected with it by a bar.
Larva hairy ; generally clothed with very thick hair or with
thick tufts of hair and forming a cocoon into which these hairs
are woven, they being often of a very poisonous nature.
Fig. 300.—Larva of Dasychira horsfieldi. +.
Key to the Genera.
A. Frenulum present.
a. Fore wing with vein 9 given off from 10
and anastomosing with 8 to form an
areole.
* Except Orgyia and Aroa.
t Except in the lowly genus Ratarda.
t Except in Gazalina and Porthesia.
LYMANTRIIDA,
a’. Palpi porrect.
a. Palpi slight and not projecting
beyond the frons; head, thorax,
and abdomen clothed with long
hair.
a’, Mid and hind tibiz without
SDUTSi perp etetnaavaRere aictoweNlisas
6°. Mid and hind tibize with a ter-
miunall pair Ol SPUrsiss . 4-1-1.)
62. Palpi extending beyond the frons ;
head, thorax, and abdomen
smoothly scaled.
a’, Fore tarsi with lateral tufts of
hair to the joints.
a‘, Hind tibie with one pair of
SPUPSMyentor chewed ater eons
6*. Hind tibiae with two pairs of
spurs.
a’. Fore wing short and broad,
the outer margin nearly
GHG cooodoocnccud pubs
6°. Fore wing more produced,
the outer margin oblique .
6°, Fore tarsi without lateral tufts
of hair to the joints.
a‘, Fore wing short and broad.
a’. Hind tibize with two pairs
Ol UG Soig Woaminnieo' om
6°. Hind tibiee with one pair
OL/SPUTS et raeia seike nae
6‘. Fore wing more produced.
a>, Hind wing with veins 6 and
fEStalked. 5 savin oss Leta
6°, Hind wing with veins 6and
7 from cell
b'. Palpi upturned.
a. Palpi slight, closely approximated
to frons, and not reaching the
vertexot head: samacace ciao
6°. Palpi reaching vertex of head....
c’. Palpi reaching above vertex of
NGG) coc be duopopoeboudovvouex
b. Fore wing with veins 9 and 10 anasto-
mosing with 8 to form the areole....
ec. Fore wing with no areole, or rarely vein
10 arising from 11 and anastomosing
with 8 and 9 or giving off 9 to anasto-
mose with 8 and form an areole.
a’. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked.
a’, Palpi upturned.
a®, Fore wing with the apex rounded.
a‘, Fore wing with vein 10 given
Oil WEA baocodobbuane
b*, Fore wing with vein 10 given
off nearer the cell than 7
VOL. I.
433
1. VarMINnA, p. 454.
2. LACHANA, p. 439.
3. OrGyia p 436.
8. Ciruna, p. 446.
9. Dasycutra, p. 447.
4, ARoa, p. 437.
6. PANTANA, p. 445.
5. Lata, p. 440.
7. Tutacrpas, p. 445.
13. Daprasa, p. 458.
11. Numenss, p. 455.
12. Pipa, p. 457.
10. Marpara, p. 454.
14, HeRacuta, p. 458.
. 15, Lymanrrta, p. 459.
b°. Fore wing with the apex acute. 19. Topomusa, p. 469.
QF
434 LYMANTRIID 2.
6°. Palpi porrect. Hind wing with
vein 5 from near lower angle of
cell, or absent.
a*. Hind tibize with two pairs of
spurs.
a‘. Palpi short.
a’. Hind wing with vein 5
absent” civic sonic 22, PorTHESIA, p. 484.
6. Hind wing with vein 5
present.
a’, Fore wing with vein 10
given offnear the apex.. 21. Evproctis, p. 470.
6°. Fore wing with vein 10
given off nearer the
cell than, or from the
game point as, 7... 27. Crspra, p. 492.
bE plal prone apeseyesy ae lel 16. Imaus, p. 466.
6°, Hind tibiz with one pair of
SPUTS ota cunvseoonereyerse rene eee ee 23. PERINA, p. 486.
b'. Fore wing with veins 8,9, 10 stalked,
7 from cell.
a’. Hind wing with vein 5 from near
lower angle of cell; palpi very
LOMB Wie ate es lente tobee lore nelereteral 20 1 NCA Var OR ERAN CHEIAR
6°, Hind wing with vein 5 from near [p. 470.
upper angle of cell; fore wing
with veins 3 and 4 coincident ;
AlpiminUbel pe een cele ee 18. Gazaina, p. 468.
c’. Fore wing with vein 10 from the cell
or rarely stalked with 11.
a*, Palpi porrect.
a’, Palpilong; hind tibize with two
PATS OMSPUTS rere 17, Himata, p. 467.
6°, Palpishort; hind tibize with one
pair of spurs.
a‘, Hind wing with veinlets be-
tween vein la@ and inner
MATIN ee chee she eine ies Oo DENDROP ETERS,
b+. Hind wing with no veinlets [p. 491.
between vein 1a and inner
WEP S Soo HobosUd Roo EHoS cob OLomoroy inp, HG)
Ga etalon Wy NiUNL Go Soodanooodo EES 24, Leucoma, p. 487.
Ba Frenulum absent 7. 2. niet. sets eC VA DARD AND A4On:
Genus VARMINA.
Varmina, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1888, p. 4085.
Type, V. indica, Wlk.
Range. N.W. Himalayas.
Palpi short, slender, and porrect ; antennze of male with short
branches, dilated distally; legs hairy and without spurs. Head
small and hairy ; abdomen of female with a large anal tuft. Fore
wing with vein 9 arising from 10 and anastomosing with 8 to form
along areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from angle of cell ;
5 from above the angle; 6 and 7 from upper angle.
VARMINA.—LACHANA. 435
958. Varmina indica, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1039; C. § S. no. 1177
$. Head and thorax black, clothed with grey and brown hair ;
abdomen black. Fore wing blackish, thickly sprinkled with orange
spots; black spots on a grey ground at middle and end of cell; an
irregular marginal grey area with a submarginal series of black
spots. Hind wing black.
Q. Head clothed with white hair; collar and abdominal tuft
ochreous white; the wings paler.
Fig. 301.—Vurmina indica, 3. t.
Larva black, speckled with white and with dorsal and lateral
tufts of hair arising from fulvous tubercles; the thoracic and anal
somites with reddish tufts, the medial with grey; 4th and 11th
somites with long dorsal black tufts.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Ewp., ¢ 32, 2 42 millim.
Genus LACHANA.
Lachana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 397.
Type, L. ladacensis, Moore.
Range. Kashmir; Ladak.
Palpi short, hairy, porrect and hidden by the long hair from the
frons; antenne with the branches short; thorax and abdomen
hairy; mid and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs.
Fore wing with vein 9 arising from 10 and anastomosing with 8
to form a short areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked; 5
from above angle of cell; 6 and 7 from upper angle.
959. Lachana ladacensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 398; Butl. Til.
Het. vii, pl. 121, fig.6; C. §& S. no. 1071 a.
Fig. 302.—Lachana ladacensis, 3. 4.
3g. Head clothed with grey hair; thorax and abdomen with
brown and black hair. Fore wing pale brown irrorated with dark
2E2
436 LYMANTRIID®.
scales ; an indistinct antemedial line and postmedial band excurved
beyond end of cell ; an ill-defined marginal fuscous band. Hind
wing fuscous brown; the marginal area black-brown; cilia
greyish.
Hab. Kashmir; Ladak. Zvp. 28 millim.
Genus ORGYIA.
Orgyia, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iii, p. 208 (1810).
Notolophus, Germar, Prod. ii, p. 35 (1812).
Gyneephora, Hiibn. Verz. p. 161 (1818).
Type, O. antiqua, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Universally distributed, except the Neotropical region.
gd. Flight diurnal. Palpi short, porrect, and heavily fringed
with hair; antenne with the branches long and with long spines
at extremities; legs heavily fringed with hair; abdomen with a
dorsal tuft on 2nd segment. Fore wing with vein 9 arising from
10 and anastomosing with 8 to form an areole. Hind wing with
veins 3 and 4 from angle of cell; 5 from just above angle; 6 and
7 stalked.
2 with the palpi and legs less hairy; antenne serrate ; wings
aborted, scale-like, and covered with hair ; abdomen covered with
hair and immensely dilated when full of eggs.
960. Orgyia postica, Wik. Cat.iv, p.803; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 109,
figs. 1, La, 6 (larva); C. § 8 no. 875.
Orgyia ceylanica, Nietn. Ed. New Phil, Jour. xv, 1862, p. 34; C.§ S.
no. 874.
Orgygia ocularis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 44; C. §& S. no. 868.
3g. Head, thorax, andabdomen brown. Fore wing brown, with
an indistinct oblique subbasal line; waved antemedial and post-
medial lines which approach each other at lower angle of cell, the
area between them slightly tinged
with bluish grey and with a waved
dark line edged with white on each
side of the discocellulars; two in-
distinct waved submarginal lines;
the apex slightly tinged with grey
and with some subapical dark streaks.
Fig. 303.— Orgyta postica, 3. + Hind wing dark brown.
with aborted wings.
Larva. Yellowish, sparsely clothed with brown hair; one dorsal
and two lateral brown bands; paired tufts of long brown hair on
1st and 11th somites projecting forward and backward; lateral
tufts of grey hairfrom 4th and 5th somites; dorsal tufts of yellow
hair on 4th—7th somites ; the head red.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas; Formosa; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Burma;
Borneo; Java; New Guinea. H#wp. 24-25 willm.
ORGYIA.—AROA. 437
961. Orgyia viridescens, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 798; C. & S. no. 878.
S$. Differs from postica in the vertex of thorax and base of
fore wing being pale-spotted ; the ante- and postmedial lines widely
separated below the cell, and the space between them much more
shot with bluish green and purple; the submarginal line with a
white lunule on if near outer angle. Hind wing paler, with
traces of a postmedial curved line.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 30 millim.
962. Orgyia turbata, Butd. Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) i, 1879, p. 560.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown and grey. Fore wing
brown suffused with orange; indistinct dark waved subbasal, ante-
medial, and postmedial lines, which approach each other towards
inner margin; an indistinct dark patch at end of cell; orange
patches at middle of cell, apex, and outer angle. Hind wing red-
brown.
Hab. Karen Hills; Malacca. Ewp. 24 millim.
Genus AROA.
Aroa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 791 (1855).
Baziza, Wilk, Cat. xxxii, p. 398 (1865).
Type, A. discalis, W1k., from 8. Africa.
Range. S. Africa ; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Java.
Flight diurnal: differs from Orgyia in the palpi being much
longer and not so heavily fringed with hair, the 3rd joint promi-
nent; legs not so hairy. Female with fully developed wings; the
branches of antenne shorter than in the male.
963. Aroa maxima, Hmpsn. Ili. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159, fig. 9.
3d. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown; antenne with
the shaft pale at sides. Fore wing black-brown ; the cell pale
with a black speck on a pale patch at the end of it; traces of a
curved submarginal line; cilia chequered dark and lighter brown.
Hind wing smoky black, with a white fascia from the base to beyond
end of cell; the cilia pale. Underside of both wings with a
prominent cell-spot and the discal area pale.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 52 millim.
964. Aroa major, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159, figs. 3, 5.
3g. Differs from maaima in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being ochreous brown. Fore wing with no pale fascia in the cell ;
the black speck on a white patch much more prominent, as also is
the submarginal line which is incurved between veins 2 and 3.
Hind wing greyish fuscous, except the costal black area. Under-
side whitish.
438 LYMANTRIID&.
2. Ochreous, the wings irrorated with dark scales. Fore wing
with a dark speck at end of cell; a submarginal series of indistinet
dark specks. Hind wing paler, except the cilia.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., g 42, 2 50 millim.
965. Aroa plana, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 786: Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 110,
figs. 1, la; C.§ S. no. 882.
Charnidas junctifera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 334.
Charnidas ochracea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 44; C. § S. no. 881.
3. Differs from major in its small size, usually bright ochreous
ground-colour, and better marked postmedial band to fore wing.
The colour may be either ochreous or reddish irrorated with dark
scales or almost wholly fuscous.
Fig. 804.—Aroa plana, g. }.
2. As in major, but with a prominent or obsolescent postmedial
band to fore wing; the amount of fuscous irroration varies much
and the cell-spot may be prominent or obsolescent on both wings.
Hab. Kangra; Calcutta; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hp., ¢ 28-34,
2 36-42 millim.
966. Aroa subnotata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 803; C. § S. no. 884.
3g. Dark red-brown. Fore wing with the lines indistinct ; the
cell-spot on a small orange patch. Hind wing darker, with an
orange discal fascia from the origin of vein 2 widening towards
outer margin. Underside with the basal and inner areas of both
wings suffused with orange.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 26 millim.
967. Aroa sienna, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 55, pl. 140, figs. 2, 9.
¢g. Differs from subnotata in having the bind wing uniform
dark red-brown without any orange fascia. Underside without
orange suffusion.
Q. Differs from plana in having a reddish tinge.
Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exp., g 30, 2 36 millim.
968. Aroa simplex, 7k. Cat. xxxii, p. 325; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii,
pl. 143, fig. 17; C. § S. no. 876.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown. Fore wing yellowish
AROA, 439
brown, with a postmedial line excurved at middle and with its
inner edge pale. Hind wing orange, with a more or less pro-
nounced brown margin.
Hab. Nilgiris. Hwp. 30 millim.
969. Aroa cinnamomea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 44; C. & S. no. 879.
Charnidas aurantiaca, Warr. P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 296; C. §& S. no. 878 A.
$. Differs from simplex in being rather paler. Fore wing with
the discocelluiars slightly darkened ; no postmedial line; the cilia
ochreous. Hind wing orange suffused with brown.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Attock, Punjab. wp. 34 millim.
970. Aroa socrus, Geyer, Hiibn. Zutr. v, p. 12, figs. 837, 888; C. § 8.
no. 869.
Aroa substrigosa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 794; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 90,
fig. 5.
3$. Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous orange, the branches of
antenne blackish. Fore wing fulvous orange; the costal area
and interspaces, especially towards outer margin, slightly streaked
with fuscous. Hind wing brighter orange; cilia of both wings
fuscous.
Hab. China; Assam; Khasi, Ndéga, and Karen Hills; Java.
Exp. 32-38 millim.
971. Aroa pyrrhochroma, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 829; C. § S. no. 1033.
Aroa clara, Swink. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 299, pl. 20, figs. 9, 10; C. § S.
no. 1032.
Baziza detecta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 399; C. & S. no. 1071.
$. Differs from socrus in the fore wing being slightly suffused
with fuscous instead of streaked. Hind wing orange, with a broad
marginal black border.
2. Uniform greyish pink with an ochreous tinge.
The Bombay form clara is small, the female uniform pale
orange.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Khasis; Nagas; Bombay.
Exp., 26-34,92 34-44 millim.
972. Aroa sagrara, Swink. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 299, pl. 20, fig. 13;
C.§ S. no. 1034.
g. Uniform orange-brown; the cilia and underside brighter
orange.
Hab. Belgaum. Hap. 32 millim.
973. Aroa atrella, n. sp.
g. Head and legs fulvous ; thorax, abdomen, and wings black-
brown. Fore wing with a black spot at end of cell and very
440 LYMANTRIID#.
indistinct ante- and postmedial curved pale lines, which somewhat
approach each other below the median nervure.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller); Margharita (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.
974. Aroa aurantifascia, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown. Fore wing brown
suffused with dark green; traces of subbasal and antemedial lines ;
an indistinct waved postmedial and two submarginal lines. Hind
wing black ; a bright orange fascia from the base through the cell
to near outer margin, interrupted by a broad black band on disco-
cellulars ; two orange fascie irrorated with black scales on mner
area; cilia orange. Underside orange, the margins broadly black ;
a black band on discocellulars and fasciz on median nervure of
both wings, in hind wing continued to the marginal band.
Hab. Naga Hills, 6000 ft. (Doherty). Ewp. 44 millim. Type
in coll Elwes.
975. Aroa xerampelina, Swink. P. Z. 8. 1885, p. 299, pl. 21, figs. 8, 9;
C.&§ S. no. 870.
3. Yellowish or greyish brown; fore wing with an indistinet
dark spot at end of cell, and broad irregular marginal band; hind
wing slightly darker towards outer margin.
2 with a greyer tone.
Hab. Poona; Nilgiris. Exp. 32 millim.
Genus LALIA.
Leelia, Steph. Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. ii, p. 52 (1829).
Procodeca, Wilk. Cat. iv, p. 812 (1855).
Ricine, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 824 (1855).
Charnidas, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 797 (1855).
Repena, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 799 (1855).
Leelioides, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. 11, p. 83 (1883).
Hondella, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 144 (1883).
Harapa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 47 (1879).
Odagra, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 401 (1865).
Type, LZ. cwnosa, Hiibn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Java.
Flight nocturnal. Palpi long and porrect, the 2nd joint heavily
fringed with hair, the 3rd long; antennee with the branches long
in male, short in female. Fore wing more produced than in Arca,
the wing-membrane forming a slight concavity on underside
beyond the upper angle of cell; neuration similar.
LELIA. 44]
Srcr. I. Female with fully formed wings.
976. Lelia suffusa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 824.
Leelia angulifera, Wik. Cat. iv, p.919; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. 1i, pl. 110,
fies. 5,5a; C. & S. nos. 889, 1068.
Leela prolata, Stoinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 195.
3S. Palpi and legs ochreous; head, thorax, abdomen, and fore
wing white with a slght reddish tinge; the last with a sub-
marginal series of seven black spots bent round to the middle of
interno-median interspace. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous
towards outer margin.
Q. Head, thorax, and fore wing uniform pale ochreous ; abdo-
men and hind wing white.
Hab. Assam; Ceylon; Burma; Mergui; Java. Eyxp., ¢ 34,
2 38 millim.
977. Lelia devestita, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 402; C. § S. no. 1061.
Leelia pallida, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 358; C.§ S. no. 891.
Lelioides lactea, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 858; C.§ S.
no. 887.
3g. Head, collar, and legs bright ochreous ; thorax, abdomen,
and wings white with a very slight ochreous tinge; some speci-
mens with slight traces of a submarginal curved series of black
specks to the fore wing.
Hab. Punjab; Bombay; Burma. LEvp., 3 36, 9 42 millim.
978. Lelia lilacina, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 357; C. & S.
no. 890.
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale with a violet tinge; the
submarginal spots prominent. Hind wing suffused with dark
fuscous.
@. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale ochreous; abdomen and
hind wing white.
Hab. Nilgiris. Exp., 3 34, 2 38 millim.
979. Lelia rubripennis, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884. p. 358; C.§ 8
no. 888.
Lelioides fasciata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl.ii, p. 84, pl. 110, tig. 6; C. §& 8.
no. 886.
Procodeca testacea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 574 (nom. preocc.) ;
C. & S. no. 1069.
3g. Head, thorax, and fore wing reddish chestnut, the last
irrorated with grey scales ; the interno-median interspace and outer
area suffused with grey; the black spot between veins 3 and 4
displaced towards outer margin. Abdomen and hind wing paler.
2 with the fore wing less suffused with grey.
In the form rubripennis, from Burma, the spots are indistinct
and the hind wing nearly white; in fasciata, from Ceylon, the spots
are more prominent and the hind wing fuscous.
Hab, Ganjam; Burma; Ceylon. Hvp., ¢ 36, 2 40 millim.
449 LYMANTRIID A.
920. Lelia umbrina, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 398; Butt. Il. Het. vii,
pl. 128, fig. 8.
$. Differs from rubripennis in the head, thorax, fore wing, and
legs being dark reddish brown; palpi ochreous; abdomen and
hind wing dark fuscous brown.
Hab. Kulu. Lexp. 39 millim.
981. Lelia cardinalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 158, figs. 29, 30.
3. Differs from wmbrina in the head, thorax, legs, and fore
wing being brilliant scarlet or bright red-brown; hind wing black ;
abdomen black with a reddish tinge.
Hab. Ceylon. wp. 32-88 millim.
982. Lelia exclamationis, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 469; Butl. Ill.
Het. vii, pl. 188, fig. 6 darva); C. § S. no. 782.
Lacida rotundata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 802; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 110, figs. 4, 4a; C.& S. no. 883.
Cycnia rubida, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 297; C. & S. no. 851.
Lymantria disjuncta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 866. -
Repena cervina, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 800; C. & S. nos. 871, 1075.
¢. Red-brown or pinkish brown; fore wing irrorated with
black scales ; a black line on discocellulars, often extending round
the angle of cell to vein 2, the veins crossing it pale.
rather paler and redder.
Fig. 805.—Lelia exclamationis, g. 1.
Larva brown, with tufts of long grey and brown hair ; dorsal
tuft of short brown hair on 3rd to 6th somites ; a subdorsal serics
of very short orange tufts, three to each somite ; a lateral pale line.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; throughout India and Ceylon.
Exp., 3 36, 9 44 millim.
983. Lelia testacea, Wk. Cat. iii, p.683; C. § S. no. 885.
Pulomacra juvenis, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1099; C. & S. no. 1336.
Charnidas colon, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140, figs. 3, 19.
Lelia uniformis (2), Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140, fie. 2.
3. Differs from exclamationis in having a blackish subapical
patch to fore wing.
2 of an ochreous tinge instead of red.
LELIA.—PANTANA. 443
The typical form testacea is very pale, the female with scarcely
a trace of dark irroration; the form juvenis has the fore wings
longer in the male.
Hab. Sind; Bombay ; Mhow; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Huvp., 3 40-42,
2 40-48 millim.
984. Lelia litura, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 797; C. & S. no. 880.
$. Differs from exclamationis in being dark fuscous brown; the
head, collar, and legs ochreous.
Hab. Kulu; Nepal; Sikhim; Tenasserim. Zxvp. 30-36 millim.
985. Lelia venosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 601, pl. lix, fig. 1; C. § S.
no. 892. :
3g. Pale brown; abdomen with an orange tinge; fore wing
with the veins paler.
Q paler.
Hab. Sikhim; S. Andamans. Evzp., ¢ 40, 9 54 millim.
986. Lelia atestacea.
Harapa testacea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 47, pl. 2, fig. 15 (nom, preeocc.) ;
C.§ S. no. 1077.
3. Fore wing rather more produced than in that sex of the
preceding species. Head and thorax pale yellowish brown; abdo-
men brownish yellow. Fore wing uniform pale yellowish brown ;
hind wing paler.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 56 millim.
Sror. II. Female with aborted wings.
987. Lelia heterogyna, n. sp.
3. Dull brown; clothed with long hair-like scales; fore wing
with the discocellulars smoky black ; some smoky suffusion between
the bases of veins 2 to 4, and an indistinct patch beyond upper
angle of cell.
2. Ochreous, with aborted wings.
A development of L. testacea.
Hab. Dras, Kashmir (Leech). Hap. $ 44 millim. Type in
coll. Leech.
Genus PANTANA.
Pantana, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 819 (1855).
Birnara, Butl. Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) 1, 1879, p. 560.
Type, P. visum, Hiibn.
Range. China; N.E. India; Burma; Malacca; Java.
Differs from Orgyia in the palpi being slender and naked ; the
legs not so hairy; the female with fully developed wings and
bipectinated antennz with short branches.
444 LYMANTRIID &.
938. Pantana bicolor, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 787; C. & S.no. 878.
Genusa delineata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 818; Butl. Lll. Het. v, pl. 89,
fig. 8; C.& S. no. 896.
Genusa circumdata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 819; C. & S. no. 894,
Genusa comparata, Wilk. Cat. xxxui, p. 340.
Stilpnotia sordida, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1782; C. § S. no. 1074.
3S. Head, collar, and palpi orange; thorax and basal segments
of abdomen white, the terminal segments orange. Wings yellowish
white ; fore wing witha slight fuscous suffusion in the interspaces ;
hind wing with the outer area broadly and irregularly suffused
with fuscous, leaving the veins white. Underside with the greater
part of fore wing and a patch on disk of hind wing suffused with
fuscous.
2 with hardly a trace of fuscous suffusion.
The Burmese form of the male is pure white, with no black
suffusion on hind wing; the female pure white.
Hab. Throughout N.E. India; Burma. vp. 48 millim.
989. Pantana visum, Hiiln. Zutr. iii, p. 33.
Pantana dispar, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 820; C. & S. no. 1076.
3g. Head orange-yellow ; thorax pale brown ; abdomen whitish.
Fore wing yellowish white ; the costal half of wing suffused with
pale red and brown, leaving the centre of costa and discocellulars
Fig. 806.—Pantana visum, 3.
a)
pale; two dark patches below the angle of cell. Hind wing pure
white. Underside with the costal half of fore wing orange except
the apical black area.
Hab, Throughout Burma. Lxvp. 44 millim.
990. Pantana terminata, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 340; C. § S. no. 898.
3d. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale fuscous. Fore wing with
the basal area white or suffused with fuscous; the apical area
smoky black; the oblique medial white band with three black
spots below the median nervure. Hind wing pure white or
whitish, with the apical area black; the inner area suffused with
brown.
Hab. Karen Hills; Beeling; E. Pegu. Zap. 40 millim.
PANTANA.—THIACIDAS. 445
991. Pantana interjecta, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 478, pl. xix,
fig. 2.
3. Differs from terminata in being darker, the head, palpi, and
cox of fore legs bright fulvous. Fore wing with the basal area
much darker ; the apical area blacker; no black spots below median
nervure. Hind wing either wholly suffused with fuscous, except
a white patch on the outer halt of costa, the black patch being
placed below the apex, or white with the apical area black.
Hab. Sikbim; Khasis. Zap. 46 millim.
992. Pantana albifascia, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 825; C. & S. no. 872.
Orgyia subfascia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 803.
¢. Differs from interjecta in the whole hind wing being dark
brown. In the form subfaseia the band of the fore wing is more
or less suffused with fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Zap. 42 miliim.
Genus THIACIDAS.
Thiacidas, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1027 (1855).
Casama, Wtk. Cat. xxxil, p. 611 (1865).
Type, T. postica, Wk.
Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma.
Palpi porrect and slender, the 2nd joint fringed with hair.
Legs naked, the spurs rather short. Fore wing longer and narrower
than in the preceding genera; the neuration similar. Hind wing
with veins 3 and 4 usually stalked and 6 and 7 usually from cell.
Sror. L. (Thiacidas). Male with the proximal two-thirds of antennz
pectinated, the distal part serrate.
993. Thiacidas postica, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1028; Swink. P. Z. S. 1885,
pl. 21, figs. 1,1 a,2; C. & S. no. 1060.
Drymonia denotata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 414; C. § S. no. 1165.
Heterocampa nigroscripta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 423.
Cnethocampa curvata, Wik, Cat. xxxii, p. 429; C. & S. no. 1046.
Cnethocampa basifurca, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 430; C.§ S. no. 1044.
Fig. 307.—Thiacidas postica, }.
1
Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish brown. Fore wing greyish
brown, with obliquely curved subbasal and antemedial black double
lines angled below median nervure; a double postmedial line
446 LYMANTRIIDA.
excurved round end of cell and bent inwards below the cell with
some streaks from it to outer margin. Hind wing with an
indistinct curved postmedial line; a brown patch at anal angle
with a dark streak on it; some strige on margin.
Hab, Throughout India and Burma. Lvp., ¢ 38, 9 44 millim.
Sucr. II. (Casama). Male with antenne bipectinated to tips,
the branches long.
994. Thiacidas vilis, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 848; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii,
pl. 143, figs. 2,9; C.& S. no. 956.
Casama indeterminata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 611; C. & S. no. 1779.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing grey, irrorated with brown
scales; the last with an indistinct dark mark on the discocellulars
and a series of marginal dark specks. Hind wing white.
Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon. EHwp., ¢ 26, 2 32 millim.
Genus CIFUNA.
Cifuna, Wik. Cat. v. p. 1172 (1855).
Baryaza, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 45 (1879).
Type, C. locuples, W1k.
Range. Japan; Sikhim; Khasi and Naga Hills.
Palpi long, stout, and obliquely porrect. Antenne bipectinated,
the median branches long in male. Legs hairy. Fore wing
rather short, the outer margin nearly straight; neuration as in
preceding genera. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from angle of
cell or stalked; 5 from above the angle; 6 and 7 from upper angle.
995. Cifuna locuples, Wik. Cat. v, p.1173; Butl. Ill. Het. ii, pl. 27,
fie.6; C. §& S. no. 1830.
¢. Head, thorax, and fore wing reddish chestnut, the last with
an indistinct broad irregular antemedial band; a waved line on
each side of the discocellulars ; a broad irregular postmedial band ;
Fig. 808.—Cifuna locuples, g. }.
a series of irregular marginal marks; all these markings with
slight purplish edging. Abdomen and hind wing ochreous.
2 uniformly much darker.
Hab. Japan; Khasis; Nagas. Exp., ¢ 40, 9 52 millim.
CIFUNA.—DASYCHIRA. 447
996. Cifuna cervina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 45, pl. 3, fi
no. 1062.
o, 1:
ee 1B) (0h Gp S
3. Differs from locuples in being dull dark brown; fore wing
with a purplish tinge; a black lunule at end of cell; the line
inwardly edging the postmedial band nearly straight; no marginal
marks or purplish edging to the markings. Palpi and legs blackish.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 54 millim.
Genus DASYCHIRA.
Dasychira, Steph. Ili. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 58 (1829).
Olene, Hiibn. Zutr. 2, p. 19, non descr. (1823).
Nioda, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1069 (1855).
Rilia, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1075 (1855).
Psalis, Miibn. Zutr. 2, p. 19, non descr. (1827).
Arestha, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 805 (1855).
Anchyneura, Feld. Sitzungsb. Akad, Wiss. Wien, xliii, p. 331 (1861).
Cadrusia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 54 (1879).
Type, D. pudibunda, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Africa; Madagascar; Japan; China; through-
out India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia.
Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint heavily fringed with hair; antenne
with the branches long in male, short in female ; legs hairy. Fore
wing with the outer margin oblique; neuration as in preceding
genera. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of cell ;
6 and 7 stalked.
Sucr. I. (Dasychira). Fore wing of female not produced at apex,
the outer margin evenly curved.
A. Abdomen clothed with long hair and without dorsal crests.
997. Dasychira complicata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 362; Buti. Ill. Het.
vy, pl. 91, figs. 4,5; C. & S. no. 998.
Trisula pustulifera, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 576.
3. Head and collar whitish ; palpi black at sides ; the branches
of antenne red-brown ; thorax brown, with black spots behind the
collar ; abdomen orange, the vertex black, the anal tuft and lateral
fringe white. Fore wing red-brown ; a subbasal waved black line
with a maculate band between it and the double antemedial lines ;
reniform spot edged with black; a waved and curved postmedial
line with a maculate band beyond it; a waved submarginal line ;
all these markings slightly outlined with white ; cilia chequered
pale and black. Hind wing yellowish white ; the basal inner area
tinged with orange; a dark spot at end of cell and postmedial
band; cilia spotted with black.
2 paler.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp., § 58, 2 86 millim.
448 LYMANTRIID&.
B. Abdomen smoothly scaled.
a. Female with the branches of antenna long ; abdomen without
dorsal crests.
998. Dasychira lineata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 875; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 91,
fiz. 3; C. § S. no. 1023.
@. White. Fore wing with a fine antemedial black line angled
on median nervure ; indistinct dentate postmedial and submarginal
lines, the postmedial line dividing and outlining the discocellulars ;
a marginal series of specks to both wings.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; E. Pegu. wp. 85 millim.
b. Female with the branches of antenne short ; abdomen with dorsal
crests on anterior segments.
999. Dasychira horsfieldi, Saund. Trans. Ent. Soc.%.s. i, 1851, p. 162;
Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. xiv, figs. 18, 13 @ (larva).
Dasychira grotei, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 888; C. & 8. no. 982.
Dasychira kausalia, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 401; C. § S. no. 983.
Dasychira arga, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 339.
Dasychira nilgirica, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 58, pl. 141, figs. 13, 14.
EEE:
— 7,
| aa cree 4
Fig. 309.—Dasychira horsfieldi, 9. 1.
3. Head and thorax whitish grey, the branches of antenne red-
brown; abdomen orange with the anal tuft grey; legs spotted
with black. Fore wing greyish white, irrorated with dark scales
and slightly suffused with brown ; a dentate subbasal black line ;
two medial lines, the inner nearly straight, the outer waved; the
reniform spot with dark outline; a waved postmedial line, bent
outwards near inner margin; an irregularly dentate submarginal
line. Hind wing pale; the inner area orange; a more or less
prominent dark spot at end of cell; the outer area generally
suffused with fuscous. Underside with prominent cell-spots to both
wings.
Q. Head, thorax, and fore wing white, slightly powdered with
erey ; the last with indistinct diffused antemedial, postmedial, and
submarginal lines. Abdomen and hind wing pure white.
Larva yellow, with tufts of long yellow hairs; 4th to 7th and 11th
DASYCHIRA. 449
somites with thick dorsal shorter tufts; a black dorsal patch
between 4th and 5th somites.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon and Burma; Java. vp.,
3 46, 2 70-86 millim.
1000. Dasychira thwaitesi, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 98, pl. 116, figs. 1,
la, 6 (larva); C. § S. no. 991.
Dasychira pudica, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 538.
3. Differs from horsfieldi in the head and thorax being whiter.
Fore wing pure white; the two postmedial lines nearer the margin ;
the submarginal line absent; abdomen and hind wing pale brown
without any orange.
@. White, very slightly irrorated with black ; medial and post-
medial dark streaks from the costa of fore wing; the lines very
faint ; hind wing pure white.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 40, 2 50 millim.
1001. Dasychira albescens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 59, pl. iii, fig. 2;
C. & S. no. 975.
3. Palpi black at sides ; branches of antenn# red-brown ; head,
thorax, and abdomen white, slightly irrorated with grey. Fore
wing silky white, slightly irrorated with grey ; a tuft of raised scales
at end of cell; almost obsolete ante- and postmedial waved lines.
Hind wing white, with an almost obsolete dark spot at end of cell
and curved submarginal band forming a patch near anal angle.
2 with the palpi white; the fore wing thickly irrorated with
fuscous, and with better defined antemedial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal lines.
Hab. Sikhim. Ezxp., 5 58, 2 68 millim.
1002. Dasychira cinctata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 59; C. § S. no. 978.
3. Differs from albescens in the thorax being tinged with brown,
the abdomen ringed with black. Fore wing with antemedial and
postmedial black patches on the costa ; the antemedial, postmedial,
and submarginal waved lines more prominent. Hind wing with a
dark mark at end of cell, a submarginal band, and marginal line.
2. The thorax not tinged with brown; fore wing more irro-
rated with fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., $ 62, 9 82 millim.
1003. Dasychira strigata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 58; C. & 8. no. 989.
Dasychira niveosparsa, Buti. Ill. Het. v, p. 59, pl. 91, fig.7; A S.
no. 987.
Head and thorax iron-grey; abdomen slightly tinged with
yellow. Fore wing dark iron-grey, slightly tinged with brown; an
indistinct angulated subbasal line ; a double antemedial waved line ;
the reniform with dark outline; a double waved postmedial line
VOL, I. 26
450 LYMANTRIID &.
and single submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous, the inner area
tinged with orange ; an indistinct dark spot at end of cell ; a post-
medial band and marginal line.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim. Evp., ¢ 62, 9 73 millim.
1004. Dasychira varia, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 868; C. & S. no. 992.
Dasychira maruta, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 339; Buti. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 91, fig. 6; C.§ S. no. 984.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey; palpi black at
sides. Fore wing brownish grey, with a nearly erect subbasal dark
line; an indistinct dark forked antemedial line; a dark mark on
discocellulars; a doubly curved postmedial black line; a sub-
marginal lunulate line. Hind wing pale fuscous; traces of a dark
mark on discocellulars and postmedial band ; a marginal dark line.
Hab. Sikhim. xp. 70 millim.
*1005. Dasychira perdix, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 58, pl. iii, fig. 3; 0.5 8.
no. 988.
3. Grey; thorax speckled with brown; antenne, sides of palpi,
and legs pale ferruginous. Both wings with the veins and inter-
spaces irrorated with prominent black-brown scales, forming on the
fore wing indistinct sinuous bands and patches ; a suffused brown
patch at end of cell, and a patch on centre of inner margin;
a submarginal line ; hind wing with the inner margin ferruginous
grey ; a submarginal band.
Hab. Sikhim. Fwp. 62 millim.
*1006. Dasychira brunnescens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.57 ; C. § S. no. 977.
g. Head, thorax, and legs greyirrorated with brown; branches
of antenne red-brown; abdomen pale brown. Fore wing greyish
white irrorated with brown scales; a waved basal, two subbasal,
and one medial line; a submarginal lunulate pale-bordered line ;
a line on discocellulars. Hind wing greyish brown, the outer area
palest ; the veins and a submarginal band darker.
@ with the hind wing much paler.
Hab. Sikhim. E£rp., 5 60, 2 70 millim.
1007. Dasychira chloroptera, n. sp.
$. Head and thorax dark green; abdomen black-brown ; the
first three segments with black crests; anal tuft fulvous yellow.
Fore wing dark green, with indistinct waved medial, postmedial,
submarginal, and marginal lines. Hind wing black, with broad
irregular bright yellow marginal band. Underside ochreous, the
basal area suffused with black; a black spot at end of cell and
waved postmedial line.
Hab. Khasis. Exp. 56 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
DASYCHIRA. 451
1008. Dasychira virescens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 54, pl. iii, fig. 16; C.§ S.
no. 1079.
®. Head, thorax, and fore wing paler green ; abdomen orange,
sometimes greenish above. Fore wing with the reniform spot
more prominent and filled in with grey. Hind wing orange;
a large black spot at end of cell and submarginal spots towards
apex and anal angle; a sinuous marginal line. Underside without
black suffusion.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 76 millim.
1009. Dasychira flavimacula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 804; C. § S.
no, 981.
¢. Head and thorax dark brown; abdomen paler, with the dark
dorsal tuft large. Fore wing dark purplish brown; a waved sub-
basal black line with some dark and red-brown marks beyond it; a
waved antemedial black line; a dark lunule on discocellulars
bordering a brown patch ; a waved postmedial line bent inwards
below the angle of cell, and with a series of dark and red-
brown spots beyond it; a short oblique white line near outer
angle. Hind wing fuscous. Underside with a cell-spot and
postmedial line to both wings.
Q paler, with the markings more prominent.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., ¢ 48, 2 60 millim.
1110. Dasychira olearia, Swink. P. Z.S. 1885, p. 297, pl. 20, figs. 14, 15;
C. & S. no. 1038.
3- Head, thorax, and abdomen smoky black; collar tinged with
chestnut. Fore wing dark purplish brown, with some ochreous
suffusion at base, near Inner margin, and towards apex; dark
streaks on the veins and interspaces of the apical area; the
reniform spot ochreous with dark outline; cilia with pale streaks
at the veins.
2. Collar dark. Fore wing with a well-marked submarginal
red-brown band not reaching the costa and outwardly edged with
ochreous ; a waved submarginal line.
Hab. Poona; Nilgiri plateau. Hvp., $ 56, Q 43 millim.
1011. Dasychira bhana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 804; C. § S. no. 976.
Dasychira nigritula, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 860; C. § S. no. 986.
Dasychira tenebrosa, Wilk. Cat. xxxii, p. 861; C. § S. no, 990.
Mardara feminula, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 58, pl. 141, figs. 1, 7.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown. Fore wing dark
brown, with about six very indistinct waved dark lines slightly out-
lined with purplish grey ; asubmarginal series of dark lunules ; an
indistinct dark lunule at end of cell, in some specimens with a
fulvous spot beyond it. Hind wing fuscous brown.
2 similar but paler.
In the Nilgiri race feminula the male has an ochreous tinge on
fore wing, and no purplish-grey edging to the lines; the female is
2G2
452 LYMANTRIID ©.
wholly purplish grey ; the fore wing irrorated with dark specks
with waved ante- and postmedial brown lines which meet at inner
margin; a brown spot at end of cell and an irregular submarginal
brown band; the hind wing pale grey.
Hab. Sikhim; Nilgiri plateau. Hwp., ¢ 43-52, 9 47-52 millim.
1012. Dasychira merens, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 99, fig. 4 (2) ; Himpsn.
iil. Het. ix, pl. 160, fig. 1 (S$), pl. 176, fig. 1 (larva); Cg S.
no. 985.
3. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing dark olive-brown ;
the last with double subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial waved
and angulated lines ; submarginal and marginal series of indistinct
lunulate marks; the reniform with indistinct dark outline. Hind
wing black-brown, the cilia red-brown. Underside red-brown
variegated with dark brown.
2 much paler, the lines of the fore wing outlined with purplish
rey.
= Larva dark brown with a reddish lateral line ; two long dark
brown dorsal tufts on 4th and 11th somites, and two shorter pale
brown tufts on 5th, 6th, and 7th somites.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., § 42, 9 60 millim.
Sect. II. (Olene). Fore wing of female produced at apex, the outer
margin excised ; abdomen with dorsal crests.
1013. Dasychira mendosa, Hiidn. Zutr. ii, p. 19, figs. 293, 294; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 115, figs. 4, 4a, 6 (larva); C.§ S. no. 1037.
Olene basivitta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 456; C. § S. no. 1035,
Nioda fusiformis, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1070; C. § S. no. 1036.
Rilia lanceolata, W/k. Cat. v, p. 1075.
Antipha basalis, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 806; C. § S. no. 1040.
Dasychira sawanta, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 340.
Dasychira divisa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 365.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown, the abdominal tuft
dark. Fore wing with a subbasal incurved dark line ; waved ante-
and postmedial lines, the latter reeurved beyond end of cell and
incurved below the end; a waved submarginal line. Hind wing
pale, the outer area slightly suffused with brown.
In the form mendosa=fusiformis the fore wing is nearly uniform
brown with a pale round patch outside the subbasal line: in divisa
the whole costal half of the fore wing is suffused with white except
a patch on the costa before the apex: in basalis the subbasal patch
is dark brown and elongate; there is a pale line before the ante-
medial line and on each side of the discocellulars, and some grey
near apex and outer angle.
Q. The subbasal line of fore wing almost obsolete ; the waved
dark lines prominent ; the reniform pale brown with dark outline ;
a diffused dark fascia from the base to outer margin, leaving the
costa and inner margin pale, in some specimens interrupted by the
area between the ante- and postmedial lines being pale.
DASYCHIRA. 453
Larva blackish; the head striped with red; the 1st somite
with a white band crossed by red stripes and with tufts of
long black hair; a series of red lateral spots with a white line
below them; dorsal tufts of bright yellow hair rising from a dark
patch on 4th to 7th somites; a lateral tuft of black hair from 5th
somite ; 8th to 11th somites with subdorsal red spots; 11th somite
with adorsal tuft of long black hair; legs scarlet ; prolegs spotted
with scarlet.
Another form is paler, with the whole head and a dorsal blotch
on Ist somite scarlet ; the dorsal tufts on 4th to 7th somites grey.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia.
Exp., & 34-42, 2 46-54 millim.
1014. Dasychira inclusa, W/k. Cat. vii, p. 1737 ; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pl. xv, tigs. 2, 2 @ (larva).
Dasychira dalbergizw, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 399; Butl. Ill. Het.
vil, pl. 123, figs. 9, 10, 11, pl. 188, fig. 12 (larva); C. & S.
no. 979 A.
¢. Differs from mendosa in the head, thorax, and abdomen
being darker brown. Fore wing rather broader and shorter and
more uniform dull brown; the lines very indistinct, and with an
indistinct waved brown band beyond the postmedial line. Hind
wing brownish fuscous.
One specimen has the fore wing slightly irrorated with white
and a large white subbasal round spot.
Q. The fore wing with a pale brown subbasal mark; some
pale brown along inner margin, on discocellulars, and beyond the
postmedial line. Hind wing paler.
Larva of male dark brown, with lateral tufts of long hair; head
red-brown ; two white dorsal lines on 4th somite and dorsal tufts
of silky reddish hair on 4th to 7th somites.
Larva of female with the dorsal tufts dark brown ; a subdorsal
white stripe and crimson dorsal spots on 9th and 10th somites.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Poona; Java. Huwp., g 40, 2
52 millim.
Secor. II. (Psalis). Fore wing of male produced and falcate at
apex; abdomen with no dorsal crests.
1015. Dasychira securis, Hiibn. Zutr. ii, p. 19, figs. 291, 292; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 115, figs. 1, la (larva) ; C. §& S. no. 1090.
Arestha antica, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 805.
Rigema falcata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 437.
Rigema tacta, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 438.
Anticyra approximata, Wk. Cat. Xxxil, p. 440.
3. Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; abdomen ochreous
white. Fore wing ochreous, the inner half irrorated with dark
scales; the central area from base to outer margin brownish
suffused with white. Hind wing ochreous white.
454. LYMANTRIID ®.
Larva black, with ochreous dorsal and black lateral hairs ; long
anterior and posterior tufts ; thick dorsal tufts of rufous hair on
4th to 7th somites, and smaller tufts on 9th and 10th somites;
subdorsal and lateral series of greenish spots and lateral greenish
line ; head and legs crimson.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia.
Exp., 3 34, 2 50 millim.
Genus MARDARA.
Mardara, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 402 (1865).
Mahoba, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 52 (1879).
Type, MW. caligramma, W1k.
Range. Simla; Sikhim; Nagas; Manipur.
Palpi porrect and rather slender; antenne with the branches
long in male, shorter in female ; legs with the spurs long. Shape
and neuration as in Dasychira, except that the fore wing is more
rounded and vein 10 anastomoses with 7, 8,9 to form the areole;
hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell.
Szor. I. Palpi reaching beyond the frons ; fore wing with
vein 10 given off shortly after areole.
1016. Mardara plagidotata, Wk. Cat. xxv, p. 1483 ; Moore, Lep. Atk.
pl. iii, fig. 6; C. § 8. no. 1058.
Head and collar black powdered with white; palpi orange ;
antenne black; thorax and abdomen white powdered with fuscous ;
abdomen with the terminal segments orange. Fore wing white
Fig. 310.—Mardara plagidotata, 2. }.
hickly irrorated with fuscous ; a brown lunule at end of cell ; brown
patches ou the costa before the middle, at middle, and near apex ;
a brown band on outer margin from apex narrowing to yein 2.
MARDARA.—NUMENES, 455
Hind wing white, with a round black spot at end of cell; a sub-
marginal patch on veins 2 and 3; a patch on costa before the
apex and on outer margin below it; outer area slightly irrorated
with black.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas. Lywp., 3 66, 9 72 millim.
*1017. Mardara irrorata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 52; C. & S. no. 1057.
3. Head and thorax pale ochreous ; abdomen brighter ; antennse
brown; legs speckled with brown. Fore wing ochreous white,
sparsely irrorated with red-brown scales; a pale spot at end of
cell enclosing a brown line on discocellulars which is flecked with
yellow. Hind wing ochreous white, the outer area sparsely
irrorated with red-brown scales.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 57 millim.
1018. Mardara caligramma, Jk. Cat. xxxii, p. 204; C. § S. no. 997.
3S. Head and thorax clothed with dark brown and yellow hairs ;
fulvous-yellow tufts on metathorax ; abdomen fuscous, the segments
fringed with yellow; the anal tuft orange. Fore wing dark
brown ; the veins yellowish ; a subbasal oblique yellow line; an
antemedial highly angled line conjoined to a doubly angled post-
medial line which touches a waved submarginal line, thus forming
large reticulations ; a yellow spot on discocellulars. Hind wing
smoky black; cilia of both wings ochreous.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Nagas. Hvp., ¢ 50, 2 58 millim.
Szor. II. Palpi not reaching beyond the frons; fore wing with
vein 10 given off towards apex.
1019. Mardara albostriata, n. sp.
$. Head and thorax red-brown ; abdomen black, the segments
fringed with white, the anal tuft orange. ore wing red-brown ;
the veins streaked with white; a basal white patch with a dark
spot on it; a subbasal white line; an angulated antemedial line
with a streak in the interno-median interspace from it to an
excurved postmedial line which nearly touches an incurved sub-
marginal line. Hind wing white, with some black spots near apex
and on margin; two large spots near anal angle. Undersides of
both wings white, with the apices brown.
Hab. Manipur; Ndgas (Doherty). Exp. 60 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
Genus NUMENES.
Numenes, Wik. Cat. iii, p. 662 (1855).
Pseudomesa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 925 (1855),
Type, WV. siletti, Wk.
Range. Sikhim ; Bhutan; Assam; Burma; Java.
456 LYMANTRIID ZA.
Palpi obliquely upturned, the first two joints thickly fringed
with hair. Antennz bipectinate in both sexes, the branches long.
Fore wing with the apex more produced and acute in the male
than the female; neuration as in Dasychira ; hind wing with veins
6 and 7 from cell.
1020. Numenes siletti, Wik. Cat. iii, p. 663; C. & S. no. 964.
Pseudomesa quadriplagiata, Wik. Cat. iv, p.925; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 90, fig.6; C. § S. no. 10381.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown, the last with the
segments fringed with white. Wings dark brown; fore wing
with an oblique white band from the centre of costa to near outer
angle. Hind wing with a pale orange fascia from beyond the middle
of cell to near outer margin.
@. Head and thorax black ; abdomen orange, with paired dorsal
and ventral brown spots. Fore wing yellowish white ; a broad black
Fig. 311.—Numenes siletti. 1.
fascia along inner margin met by oblique ante- and postmedial
chocolate bands, the latter sometimes enclosing some white spots ;
cilia chocolate. Hind wing pale orange, with a black-brown spot
towards apex and another towards anal angle, the former some-
times absent.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Burma. Evxp., 3 50, 9 53 millim.
1021. Numenes patrana, Moore, Lep. £. I.Co. p. 367; C.& S. no. 963.
Numenes partita, Wk. Cat. xxxi, p. 290; C. § S. no. 962,
¢. Head and thorax red-brown; abdomen ochreous. Fore
wing white; a basal dark red-brown patch with a spot on the
costa beyond it; a broad medial Y-shaped band, with an oblique
id
NUMENES.—PIDA. A457
stripe from the same point on the costa to centre of outer margin.
Hind wing pale yellow, with a large fuscous spot towards outer
angle.
@. Fore wing pale pinkish brown; antemedial, medial, and
subapical dark spots on the costa, and a Y-shaped or rounded spot
on inner margin and one or two small spots at outer angle.
Hab. Sikhim ; Bhutan; Bernardmyo. Lup., ¢ 50, 2 76 millim,
Genus PIDA.
Pida, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 399 (1865).
Locharna, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 53 (1879).
Type, P. apicalis, W1k.
Range. Sikhim ; Khiasis.
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head; antenne of
male with the branches long, short in female ; legs heavily fringed
with hair. Shape and neuration as in Dasychira,
1022, Pida apicalis, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 400; Buti. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89,
fig. 15; C. & S. no. 960.
3. Palpi black, fringed with orange. Head and thorax pale
brown; abdomen blackish, with orange anal tuft. Fore wing
Fig. 312.—Pida apicalis, 8. 4.
pale brown irrorated with dark scales, which are thickly dis-
posed towards the large apical yellow patch. Hind wing pale
yellow, the inner area clothed with long brown hairs. Underside
yellow.
Hab, Sikhim. Exp. 64 millim.
1023, Pida strigipennis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 53, pl. iii, fig. 11; C. § 8.
no. 1065.
Head and thorax dark and red-brown; antenne black, with
the sides of the shaft white; metathorax with a black tuft. Fore
wing yellowish white, closely striated with black, the least striated
area being the postmedial costal area; a black spot at end of cell.
458 LYMANTRIID ®.
Abdomen and hind wing orange-yellow, the latter with a few black
striz at apex. Some specimens are much paler than others.
Hab, Sikhim; Khasis. Ewp., g¢ 46, 2 55 miliim.
Genus DAPLASA.
Daplasa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 51 (1879).
Type, D. trrorata, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.
Palpi very slender, short, and closely appressed to the frons;
aptenne bipectinated in male. Fore wing with vein 6 from upper
angle of cell; 9 arising from 10 and anastomosing with 7 and 8 to
form the areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from angle of
cell or stalked.
1024. Daplasa variegata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 48, pl. ii, fig. 24; C. § S.
no. 955.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen white and olive-yellow. Fore
wing with the basal area white, irro-
rated with black and_ olive-yellow
scales forming ill-defined subbasal,
antemedial, and medial bands; an
indistinct forked postmedial band
conjoined to the outer olive-yellow
area irrorated with black scales. Hind
wing white, a dark speck at end of
cell, and broad marginal fuscous band
not reaching anal angle. Underside of fore wing almost wholly
suffused with black.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 30 millim.
Fig. 313.
Daplasa vuriegata,§. }.
*1025, Daplasa irrorata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 52, pl. ii, fig. 17; C.§ S.
no. 1086.
3g. White; thorax brown-speckled ; palpi and legs above bright
yellow. Fore wing irrorated with minute brown scales, forming
four indistinct oblique bands most distinct towards inner margin,
the outer band extending to the apex. Abdomen and hind wing
pale yellow.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 28 millim.
Genus HERACULA.
Heracula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 804.
Type, H. discivitta, Moore.
Range. Sikhin.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, and heavily fringed
HERACULA.—LYMANTRIA. A459
with hair ; antenne minutely ciliated infemale. Fore wing broad,
the apex rounded ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5 from above
angle; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 being
given off near the apex. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near
angle of cell; 6 and 7 from upper angle.
1026. Heracula discivitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 804, pl. 43, fig. 2 ;
C. § S. no. 1063.
Head, collar, and prothorax dark brown; meso-, metathorax,
Fig. 314.—Heracula discivitta, 2. 1.
and abdomen fulvous. Fore wing with a small basal dark brown
mark on the costa; a large rounded basal fulvous patch with white
edge; the medial area dark brown; the outer area fulvous, irro-
rated with black scales and edged inwardly by a curved white line.
Hind wing fuscous brown; a broad marginal fulvous band with
slightly waved inner edge.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 64 millim.
Genus LYMANTRIA.
Lymantria, Miibn. Verz. p. 160 (1818).
Liparis, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. ii, p. 186 (1810, preeocc.).
Porthetria, Hiibn. Verz. p. 160 (1818).
Enome, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 885 (1855).
Nagunda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 53 (1879).
Barhona, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 55 (1879).
Pegella, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1922 (1866).
Type, LZ. monacha, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan, and throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Java; Amboina; Celebes.
3. Palpi porrect and hairy ; antennz with the branches long.
Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of cell; 6 from
below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 7 being given off further
460 LYMANTRIID®.
from the cell than 10. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close
to angle of cell; 6 and 7 from upper angle.
@. Antenne serrate; wings either fully developed, or partially
aborted, or reduced to scales.
Sect. I. (Enome). Female with scale-like wings; hind wing of
male with the inner margin long; hind tibie with a minute
terminal pair of spurs.
1027. Lymantria incerta, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 880; C. § S. no. 1030.
Lymantria aryama, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 345: C. § S. no 1000.*
Enome detersa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 865 ; Swink. P. Z, 8.1885 , pl. 21,
figs. 3, 4; C. § 8. no. 1029.
Lymantria costalis, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 865; C. § S. no. 1006.
do. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown; a crimson line
behind the head ; abdomen banded with crimson ; legs spotted with
black and marked with crimson. Fore wing greyish brown ; a black
subbasal line with some spots beyond it; an antemedial waved
line ; a spot at middle of cell and lunule at end of it; a diffused
postmedial band and double waved postmedial line, the outer line
more or less obsolescent. Hind wing brown, with an indistinct
waved postmedial line ; an elongate black mark near anal angle ;
cilia of both wings spotted with black.
The form detersa is pale and small (36 millim.).
@. Head, thorax, and aborted wings whitish, the last with
traces of markings; abdomen very large and brown.
Hab. Throughout 8. India and Ceylon. Ezxp., $ 36-54 millim.
1028. Lymantria ampla, W/7k. Cat. iv, p. 883; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pl. 9a, fig. 4, and pl. 15, figs. 7,7 a, 8, 8a (larva) ; C. & S. no. 1028.
3. Differs from incerta in being much yellower brown, and
without crimson on head, abdomen, or legs.
9. Head, thorax, and aborted wings white, spotted with black ;
abdomen blackish.
Larva brown, clothed with tufts of short hair and long hair
from the anterior and posterior somites ; male with a pale subdorsal
line and dorsal and sublateral white spots; female with black
dorsal spots and a white spot on 9th somite. Head and legs
ochreous.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. xp. 40 millim.
Szor. II. Female with less aborted wings; hind wings of male
with inner margin short.
1029. Lymantria obfuscata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p.367; C.§ S. no. 1018.
¢. Differs from ampla in being greyish brown ; fore wing with
LYMANTRIA. 461
the postmedial double lines more regular; hind wing with a dark
lunule at end of cell and dark marginal band.
2. Pale ochreous ; a dark mark at end of cell of fore wing.
Larva pale brown, with short dorsal tufts of hair and long lateral
tufts; a dark brown dorsal band, with pale lines down the centre
and on each side.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. ¢ 32 millim.
Scr. IIT. (Lymantria). Female with fully developed wings ;
hind tibize with two pairs of spurs.
1030. Lymantria rhodina, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 8366; C. & S. no. 1016.
3. Head and thorax black, with a crimson line behind the head ;
abdomen crimson above. Fore wing smoky black; an indistinct
black spot near end of cell and lunule on discocellulars ; an indis-
tinct postmedial waved line; cilia chequered brown and _ black.
Hind wing whitish; the inner area tinged with crimson; a
marginal fuscous band.
Hab. Sikhim; Khasis. Evp. 40 millim.
1031. Lymantria obsoleta, W7k. Cat. iv, p. 880; C. § S. no. 1014.
Lymantria bhascara, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 345.
Lymantria vinacea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 402.
Lymantria albolunulata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 403 ; C.§ S. no. 999.
Lymantria sobrina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 402, pl. 38, fig. 5.
3. Differs from rhodina in being brown; the abdomen slightly
tinged with crimson. Fore wing irrorated with dark scales;
indistinct double lunulate antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines ;
a black lunule at end of cell, but no spot in the cell. Hind wing
pale brownish fuscous.
2. Abdomen crimson, with a dark line on vertex and series of
lateral black spots, the extremity brown ; hind wing with the inner
area suffused with crimson.
The form albolunulata from the N.W. Himalayas has the fore
wing more irrorated with black ; the postmedial lines with whitish
lunules between them. A form from the Khasis has the ground-
colour of fore wing paler; the hind wing nearly pure white, with
a fuscous lunule at end of cell and irregular submarginal band ;
the cilia of both wings chequered black and pinkish.
In the form sobrina the lines of the fore wing are better defined ;
the hind wing with the inner margin tinged with pink; female
with the abdomen yellowish.
Hab. China; Formosa; throughout India and Ceylon. Evp.,
3 42, 2 72 millim.
462 LYMANTRIID®.
1032. Lymantria ascetria, Hiibn. Sammi. exot. Schmett. ii, Phal. ver.
figs. 1-4; C. § S. no. 1001.
Lymantria pramestra, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 344, pl. ix a, fig. 3.
6. Head and thorax white; antenne black; a crimson line
behind the head; tegule with a black spot; abdomen crimson,
with fuscous spots on vertex and fringe to the segments. Fore
wing white ; two black spots at base and curved subbasal series ;
an antemedial waved fuscous line arising from a black spot on
costa ; a black speck near end of cell and lunule at end ; two post-
medial and one submarginal lunulate fuscous lines arising from
black spots on the costa, the two former approaching each other
towards inner margin; a series of marginal black spots. Hind
wing white, with submarginal fuscous band and marginal series of
spots.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen suffused with brown. Fore
wing wholly suffused with brown, except the costal area and some
white diffused along the lines ; the markings considerably obscured.
Hind wing often suffused with pale fuscous.
Hab. Moulmein; Tavoy; Java. Ewp., ¢ 46, 9 52-70 millim.
1033. Lymantria concolor, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 876; Butl. Til. Het. v,
pl. 90, figs. 9,10; C. § S. no. 1005.
Lymantria superans, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 876; C. § S. no. 1019.
Lymantria carnecolor, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 399; C. & S.
no. 1004 a.
Lymantria micans, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 99, fig. 2; C. § S. no. 1011.
3. Differs from ascetria in the head and thorax being marked
with black. ore wing with the markings black; the antemedial
line much more irregularly waved, and with a black streak in the
cell beyond it ; the two postmedial lines more lunulate and more
or less connected by black blotches; the submarginal line also
more irregular. Hind wing whitish or suffused with black, and
with traces ot a submarginal band.
2 with the line behind the head yellow, and the ground-colour
of abdomen yellow.
Some specimens have the head, thorax, and wings yellowish.
Larva brown, with tufts of brown and black hair; speckled and
the back blotched with black; a conspicuous blotch on 2nd
somite.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Sylhet; Nagas; Burma. £vwp.,
3 56, 2 88 millim.
1034. Lymantria similis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 402; C. § S. no. 1017.
Lymantria cara, Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 56, pl. 90, fig. 13; C. & S.
no. 1004,
3. Differs from ascetria in the tegule being without black
spots. Fore wing with the black patches on costa, from which
LYMANTRIA. 463
the waved lines arise, absent or large ; a patch on inner margin at
junction of the postmedial lines.
2. With the tuft from basal joint of antennze and line behind
the head yellow; the abdomen crimson. Fore wing with the waved
lines obsolescent; the black patches on costa and inner margin
large, the first three on costa crossing the cell; a patch on centre
of outer margin. Hind wing whitish, with fuscous submarginal
band and marginal spots.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Calcutta; Borneo; Sumatra.
Exp., 3 52-58, 2 80 millim.
1035. Lymantria todara, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 402, pl. 33, fig. 6;
Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, pl. 141, tig. 15 (2); C. & S. no. 1020.
3. Differs from ascetria in the line behind the head being
yellow; two black spots on collar, and four on vertex of thorax ;
abdomen yellow. Fore wing with the postmedial waved lines
single towards inner margin. Hind wing pale yellow, with a
fuscous marginal band.
@. Abdomen yellow and black. Fore wing as in similis, the
black patches better defined, and the one on inner margin Y -shaped.
Hind wing fuscous white, slightly tinged with yellow; the sub-
marginal band almost obsolete.
Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hxp., g 54, 9 &8 millim.
1036. Lymantria beatrix, Stoll, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, p. 1738, pl. 40,
fir. 2; C.&§ S. no, 1003.
Lymantria marginata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 877.
Lymantria fuliginosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p.17; C. & S. no. 1007.
Lymantria pusilla, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 99, fig. 3; C. §& S. no. 1015.
Lymantria nigra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 8399; C. g S. no. 1012 4
Porthetria umbrina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.55; C. §& S. no. 1027.
3g. Head and thorax pale fuscous, marked and spotted with
black; the line behind the head yellow; Srd joint of palpus
orange ; two orange spots on mesothorax; abdomen orange, with
a black line on vertex or short segmental bands; anal tuft black.
Fore wing pale fuscous ; an orange speck and three black spots
at base; a broad subbasal black band; an antemedial line; a spot
near end of cell and lunule on discocellulars ; a medial band; two
postmedial and one submarginal Junulate line; a marginal series
of spots. Hind wing black, with yellow streaks on median and
submedian nervures, or on the veins towards outer margin.
Underside more or less suffused with yellow.
2. Head and thorax white; collar outlined with black ; thorax
marked with black; the line behind the head and two spots on
thorax yellow ; abdomen yellow, with dorsal and lateral series of
black spots. Fore wing white, with the black markings broad and
more or less conjoined into blotches. Hind wing white, with a
broad marginal black band, some specimens having white spots on
it at centre; cilia white.
ft 4
464 LYMANTRIID A.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Java. Evp., 3g 54,
2 68 millim.
1037. Lymantria grisea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 55, pl. iii, fig. 5; 0.§ S.
no. 1009.
3. Head and thorax pale brown; abdomen whitish. Fore
wing pale brown, with numerons indistinct dark lunulate lines,
the most distinct being two irregular submarginal lines with white
lunules between them; a dark mark on discocellulars. Hind wing
yellowish white, with an indistinct marginal fuscous band.
Hab, Sikhim. Hap. 42 millim.
1038. Lymantria mathura, Moore, P. Z. 8S. 1865, p. 805; C. & S.
no. 1026.
Lymantria aurora, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 403.
3. Differs from beatria in the black spots on vertex of abdomen
being small; the ground-colour of fore wing paler ; the hind wing
Fig. 315.—Lymantria mathura. }.
orange, with a black spot at end of cell and conjoined series of
submarginal spots forming a curved band; some spots on centre
of outer margin.
Q@ . Head and thorax white ; frons fuscous ; two black spots each
on collar, meso- and metathorax ; palpi, antennal tuft, and two spots
on mesothorax crimson; abdomen crimson, with small black spots
LYMANTRIA. 465
on vertex, tne terminal segments whitish ; legs black and crimson.
Fore wing white ; some crimson and black basal spots ; a subbasal
line ; an antemedial waved line joining at inner margin two post-
medial lunulate lines, the space between which is often completely
filled in with fuscous ; a fuscous spot towards end of cell; some
lunulate submarginal marks forming a more or less complete band ;
a marginal series of spots; costa and cilia crimson. Hind wing
crimson, with a fuscous spot at end of cell; a submarginal macu-
late band and some spots on centre of margin.
The variety aurora, from Japan, where the typical form also
occurs, is suffused with fuscous in both sexes.
Hab. Japan; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. Evp., g 40-54,
2 96-112 millim.
1039. Lymantria viola, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 406.
3. Differs from mathura in having the orange markings re-
placed by crimson, except that the abdomen is somewhat orange
towards extremity. Fore wing with the ground-colour greyish.
2. Differs from mathura in the black markings being somewhat
reduced ; the collar without spots, and the mesothorax with one
black spot between the two crimson spots, and none behind them.
Hab. Bombay. Exp., $ 50, 2 90 millim.,
1040. Lymantria grandis, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 874; C. § S. no. 1008.
Lymantria maculosa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 881.
Lymantria metarhoda, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) i, 1862, p. 78.
3S. Differs from viola in the shaft of antenne and ground-
colour of thorax and fore wing being pure white. Fore wing with
all the bands reduced to well-separated spots; collar and thorax
spotted as in mathura.
2. Differs from mathura in the frons being black, the 2nd joint
of palpus with a black spot.
Hab. Ceylon. Evp., $ 58, 2 110 millim.
1041. Lymantria rosea, Hmpsn. Ill, Het. ix, ined., pl. 158, fig. 28.
3. Differs from grandis in the palpi, head, thorax, and legs
being black and white without any crimson. Fore wing with a
prominent black lunule at end of cell; the antemedial and two
postmedial lunulate lines not reduced to spots. Hind wing with
a broad marginal smoky black band. Underside suffused with
fuscous.
Hab. Margharita, near Sadiya, Assam; Ceylon. wxp.54millim.
1042. Lymantria lepcha, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 54; C. § S. no. 1025,
Barhona carneola, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 56; C. § S. no. 1083.
g. Head and thorax white; the line behind the head crimson ;
ViOilreelis 24
466 LYMANTRIID 2.
thorax with black spots; abdomen white, with a slight crimson
tinge. Fore wing ochreous white; a crimson speck at base of
costa; four lunulate equidistant lines; a small black spot in the
cell and lunule on discocellulars. Hind wing whitish; the basal
and inner areas tinged with crimson ; a faint submarginal fuscous
band.
. Pale pink; antenna, palpi, and legs black ; the Ist joint of
antenne and line behind the head crimson. Fore wing with a
black lunule from costa to costal nervure at middle of cell; a
lunule on discocellulars and line from vein 1 to centre of inner
margin.
Hab. Sikhim. LEwp., 5 62, 9 92-98 millim.
1043. Lymantria bivittata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.57; C.§ S. no. 1022.
Q. Head and thorax white; palpi and antenne black; frons
tinged with crimson ; basal joints of antenne and line behind the
head crimson ; abdomen crimson, the basal and terminal segments
white. Fore wing silvery white; two black basal marks; an out-
wardly oblique antemedial line with waved edges, joined at inner
margin by an inwardly oblique postmedial line ; a series of marginal
spots. Hind wing white.
Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet. Zap. 100 millim.
1044. Lymantria semicincta, Wk. Cat. iii, p. 620; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 90, fig. 7; C. § S. no, 1047.
Palpi, antennee, and legs black; head yellowish white, with a
black spot behind it ; the basal joints of antenne orange ; thorax
yellowish white, with a large black patch on vertex and spot on
tegule ; abdomen crimson. Fore wing black ; a yellowish-white
spot at base of inner margin and one in end of cell; three con-
joined postmedial spots from costa and three from inner margin.
Hind wing crimson, with a broad marginal black border decreasing
to anal angle; cilia of both wings chequered yellow and black.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim. wp. 60 millim.
Genus IMAUS.
Imaus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 54 (1879).
Dura, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 56 (1879).
Type, Z. mundus, W1k.
Range. N.H. India; Java; Celebes.
Palpi rather long, slender, and porrect. Antenne with the
branches long in both sexes. lore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from
near angle of cell; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked,
7 being given off further from the cell or from the same point as
10. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell; 6 and
7 trom upper angle ; the outer margin produced at vein 3.
IMAUS.—HIMALA. 467
Sect. I. (Jmaus). Fore wing with vein 11 not anastomosing
with 12. Hind wing with outer margin slightly produced.
1045. Imaus mundus, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 875; C. § S. no. 1012.
Pale brown; legs spotted with black. Fore wing with promi-
nent subbasal and antemedial series of spots; a prominent spot
in the cell and line on each side of discocellulars; a prominent
very highly dentate postmedial line ; well-marked series of sub-
marginal lunules and marginal spots. Hind wing with indistinct
submarginal band and marginal series of specks.
Hab. Throughout N.E. India; Java. vp. 80 millim.
Secr. IT. (Dura). Fore wing with vein 11 anastomosing with 12.
Hind wing produced and angled at vein 3.
1046. Imaus albus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 56; C. & S. no. 1084.
White, with a slight brownish tinge; palpi black at sides ;
branches of antenne red-brown. Fore wing with about seven
Fig. 316.—Jmaus albus, S$. 4.
indistinct brownish waved lines; orbicular and reniform stigmas
with brownish outline; a marginal series of black spots to both
wings.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., 5 38, 2 58 millim.
Genus HIMALA.
Himala, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 57 (1879).
Type, H. argentea, W1k.
Range. Himalayas ; Assam.
Palpi slender, porrect, and reaching beyond the frons ; antennee
with tufts of long hair from the basal joint, the branches long.
Hind tibie with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5
from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near lower angle of cell; 6 and
7 stalked.
2H 2
468 LYMANTRIID®.
1047. Himala argentea, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 827; C. § S. no. 1056.
Dasychira ilita, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 341.
Head, thorax, and abdomen white. Fore wing silvery white,
Fig. 317.—Himaia argentea, S. }.
the veins black; outer margin fuscous. Hind wing white; the
veins black towards outer margin; a marginal black line.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Dehra Din; Sikhim; Assam. LZ vp.,
3 44, 2 54 millim.
Genus GAZALINA.
Gazalina, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 598 (1865).
Oligoclona, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 94, fig. 10, Erk. p. 7 (1874).
Type, G. apsara, Moore.
Range. Himalayas.
Palpi very minute. Antenne with the branches of moderate
length in male, serrate in female; tufts of long hair from the
basal joint. Mid and hind tibiz with minute terminal pairs of
spurs. Abdomen of female with a very large anal tuft. Fore
wing with veins 3 and 4 coincident or rarely forking just before
the margin; 5 from lower angle of cell; 6 from just above middle
of discocellulars; 7 from upper angle; 8,9, 10 stalked. Hind
wing with veins 3 and 4 from near angle of cell; 5 from near
upper angle; 6 and 7 stalked.
1048. Gazalina apsara, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 341; C. §& S. no. 993.
Gazalina venosata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 398; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89,
fic. 5; C. § S. no. 996.
Oligoclona nervosa, Feld. Revs. Nov. pl. 95, fig. 8.
6. Head and thorax white;
frons, legs, and shafts of antennz
black, the branches of the last
brown ; collar sometimes tinged
with fulvous; abdomen black,
the segments fringed with white
and with a lateral white fringe.
Fore wing white, the veins black
Fig. 318.—Gazalina apsara, $. 3. towards outer margin. Hind
wing white.
2. The segments of abdomen less fringed with white, and with
a very large fulvous anal tuft.
GAZALINA.—TOPOMESA, 469
The form venosata, from Sikhim, has the costa and the whole of
the veins of fore wing black, and the veins of hind wing black
towards outer margin; the segmental white fringes of abdomen
narrower in both sexes.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. vp., g 44, 2 50 millim.
1049. Gazalina chrysolopha, Koll. WHiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 470;
C. & S. no. 994.
Dasychira antica, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 867; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89,
fig. 4.
Oligoclona chordigera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 94, fig. 10.
Differs from apsara in the fore wing having an indistinct sub-
basal black line; a streak along median nervnre; two slightly
waved medial oblique lines, beyond which the veins are black; the
thorax and collar sometimes tinged with fulvous.
Larva brown, with tufts of long pale brown hair; a dorsal series
of short fulvous tufts. Head and legs fulvous; 5 pairs of prolegs.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. Eyep., 5 46, 2 54 millim.
1050. Gazalina transversa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 47, pl. ii, fig. 22;
C. & S. no. 995.
¢. Head, thorax,and abdomen pure white; the anal tuft white.
Wings pure white; fore wing with the antemedial line represented
by a line from vein 1 to inner margin; the postmedial line nearly
straight and not reaching the costa; no black marks at base or
streaks on the veins.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 30 millim.
Genus TOPOMESA.
Topomesa, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1921 (1866).
Type, 7. subinanis, W1k.
Range. Burma; Borneo; Java.
2. Palpi obliquely upturned; antennz with the branches long ;
mid tibiz with one pair of spurs, hind tibie with two pairs. Fore
wing with the apex somewhat acute, the outer margin excised
below the apex; vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from
close to angle; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near lower angle of cell; 6
and 7 from upper angle.
1051. Topomesa subinanis, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1921.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen sulphur-yellow ; frons and palpi
red-brown; antennze with the branches brown. Wings sulphur-
yellow; fore wing with a red-brown spot beyond the lower angle
470 LYMANTRIID®.
of cell, and some marks on outer margin ; hind wing with a red-
brown mark on outer margin towards anal angle.
Fig. 319.— Topomesa subinanis,?. }.
Hab. Tenasserim; Borneo; Java. Ewp. 42-56 millim.
Genus DACTYLORHYNCHA, nov.
Type, D. pallida, Hmpsn.
Range. Nilgiris.
Palpi porrect and very long, the 3rd joint short ; antenne long
and with the branches long ; legs with the spurs long. Fore wing
with veins 3,4, 5 from near lower angle of cell; 6 from below
upper angle; 7 from angle; 8, 9,10 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 3 and 4 from angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 and 7
stalked.
1052. Dactylorhyncha pallida, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140,
fig. 10.
3g. Uniform pale silky grey-brown; fore wing with some dark
marginal marks below the apex ; branches of antenne dark.
os
Bn
Fig. 320.—Dactylorhyncha pallida, §. }.
Hab. Nilgiris. Evp. 28 millim.
Genus EUPROCTIS.
Euproctis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 159 (1818).
Artaxa, Wilk. Cat. iii, p. 794 (1855).
Adlulla, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 392 (1865).
Cheerotricha, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 98, Erk. p. 3 (1874).
Themaca, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 394 (1865).
Bembina, W/k. Cat. xxxii, p. 505 (1865).
EUPROCTIS. 471
Somena, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1734 (1855).
Orvasca, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 502 (1865).
Lopera, Wilk. Cat. iv, p. 919 (1855).
Gogana, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1920 (1866).
Antipha, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 806 (1855).
Utidava, Wik. Cat. xxvi, p. 1689 (1862).
Arna, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1176 (1855).
Type, #. chrysorrhea, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Palearctic, African, Oriental and Australian regions.
Palpi obliquely porrect, reaching beyond the frons; antenne
bipectinated in both sexes, the branches long in male, each with a
spine to keep it in position with regard to the contiguous branch.
Mid tibiz with one pair of long spurs, hind tibie with two pairs ;
female with a large anal tuft. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from
near angle of cell; 6 from or from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked, 10 being given off towards apex. Hind wing with veins
3 and 4 stalked or from angle of cell; 5 from above angle ; 6 and 7
stalked.
A. Fore wing white, pale ochreous, yellow, grey, or black, without,
or with hardly a trace of, lines or bands.
1053. Euproctis negrita, n. sp.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the anal tuft orange ; legs
whitish. Wings black, with the bases white, in some specimens
slightly, in others to the middle, except the costa of fore wing ;
cilia sometimes white-tipped.
2. White, suffused with black, especially on outer area.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp., 3 33, 2 40 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.
1054. Euproctis renominata.
Charnidas uniformis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140, fig. 4
(preeoce. ).
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing smoky grey-brown; the last
with the costa and cilia paler. Abdomen and hind wing pale.
Hab. Nilgiris. Hap. 36 millim.
1055. Euproctis divisa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 836; C. § S. no. 938.
Euproctis melanophila, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 849; C. §& S. no, 945
(part.).
Euproctis metamelana, W/k. Cat. xxxii, p. 349; C. & S. no. 949.
Head and thorax pure white; the branches of antenne and in
some specimens the collar tinged with fulvous; abdomen deep
black, with orange anal tuft. Wings pure shining white, some
specimens with scattered black scales on inner area of fore wing.
Hab. Sikhim; Nagas. Hwp., 5 34, 2 42-50 millim.
472 LYMANTRIID®.
1056. Euproctis latifascia, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 831; C. § S. no. 945 (part.).
Euproctis antica, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 8385; C. & S. no. 933.
Kuproctis postica, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 348; C. § S. no. 950.
Euproctis abdominalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 898; Buti. Ill. Het.
vil, pl. 123, figs. 4, 5.
Differs from divisa in the head, thorax, ard wings being dull
white or tinged with ochreous, the abdemen fuscous black ; anal
tuft brownish orange.
Some specimens have the base of costa of fore wing black and a
black mark at outer angle.
Hab, Kashmir; Dharmsala; Nepal; Manipur. Ewp., ¢ 32,
@ 48 millim.
1057. Euproctis subfasciata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 332; C. § S.no. 918.
Artaxa trifasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.51; C. & S. no. 919.
Differs from latifascia in the abdominal tuft bemg whitish, very
slightly tinged with orange in male; some specimens with very
slight traces of a medial band of dark scales on fore wing from
lower angle of cell to inner margin.
In the form trifasciata the head, thorax, and fore wing are
suffused with pale brownish ochreous, the pale lines being better
defined.
Hab. Sikhim; Cachar; Assam; Calcutta; Nilgiris. Evp., 536,
® 48 millim.
1058. Euproctis bimaculata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 836; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pl. 112, figs. 6, 6a, 6 (larva); C. & S. no. 986.
Euproctis bigutta, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 887; C. §& S. no. 935.
Euproctis lutescens, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 887; C.& S. no, 947.
Euproctisimmaculata, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 358; C.§ 8.
no. 942.
Euproctis celsa, Wik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1915.
¢ Pure white, or in the form Jlutescens the head, thorax, and
fore wing slightly tinged with ochreous; a black spot at end of
cell of fore wing, which is very large in the form 4imaculata,
smaller in bigutta, and entirely absent in the form wnmaculata.
© with the anal tuft golden orange.
Larva purplish brown, with dorsal and lateral series of white-
speckled tubercles bearing tufts of short brown hair.
Hab. Philippines ; Sikhim; Canara; Ceylon; Burma; Mergui;
Andamans; Java. Evp., ¢ 38-48, 9 28-66 millim.
1059. Euproctis lunata, W/k. Cat. iv, p. 837; Butt. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89,
fig.9; Forsayeth, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, pl. 14, figs. 5 a-c (larva) ;
C. & S. no. 946. cxf
3. Pale bright ochreous; fore wing with a large black lunule
on discocellulars.
Q. Fore wing whitish ochreous; the anal tuft brownish
ochreous.
EUPROCTIS. 473
Larva brown, with anterior, posterior, and lateral tufts of long
hair; thoracic somites with dorsal quadrate white marks; the third
somite with paired dorsal tubercles; fifth to anal somites with
paired dorsal quadrate white marks. Spins a hairy cocoon on
twigs.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Bengal ; throughout 8. India and Ceylon.
Exp., 6 34, 2 38 millim.
1060. Euproctis semisignata, Wik. Cut. xxxii, p. 356; C.§ 8. no. 927.
Artaxa leithiana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 399, pl. 32, fig. 9; C.g S.
no. 968.
Artaxa citrina, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 8344; C.& S. no. 907.
Artaxa brevivitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 400, pl. 32, fig. 10;
C. & S. no. 905,
Artaxa erecta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 400, pl. 32, fig. 6; C&S.
no. 910.
Euproctis illanta, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 138.
Artaxa howra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 51; C. §& S. no. 912.
3. Yellowish white or pale bright ochreous ; fore wing with a
smoky black spot at end of cell and a series of four spots from the
lower angle to inner margin, any or all of which may be absent,
or be conjoined into a band.
2 with the band slight and often ferruginous.
Hab. Throughout the plains of India and Ceylon. Lvp., ¢
33-40, 2 40-52 millim.
*1061. Euproctis venosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 50, pl. ii, fig.5; C.§ S.
no. 922.
White; the antenne, frons, palpi, fore legs, and anal tuft pale
ochreous. Fore wing with subbasal, medial, and marginal yellow
bands crossed by the white veins; an interrupted ill-defined band
ot brown scales from the upper angle of cell to inner margin and
a narrower submarginal band.
Hab. Sikhim. vp. 38 millim.
1062. Euproctis rhoda, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 138.
Artaxa obsoleta, Hmpsn. Ill, Het. viii, p. 57, pl. 140, fig. 12.
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing bright orange-yellow; the last
with some dark scales on inner basal area; traces of an oblique
autemedial line and more prominent postmedial band of scales
excurved beyond end of cell, sometimes reduced to two conjoined
spots below the angle of cell.
The more heavily-marked and brighter form rhoda has a black
spot at end of cell of fore wing, which is absent inthe paler obsoleta,
though present in another pale form.
Hab. N. Kanara; Nilgiris; Ceylon. wp. 26-32 millim.
474 LYMANTRIID &.
1063. Euproctis inconcisa, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 332; C. § S. no. 913.
Artaxa dispersa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 50, pl. ui, fig.6; C. § S. no. 909.
Head and thorax pale yellow; abdomen black, the anal tuft
orange. Fore wing pale lemon-yellow, irrorated with black scales
forming very indistinct antemedial, media], and postmedial bands.
Hind wing white, the cilia ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim,. Euxp., 5 36, 2 48 millim.
1064. Euproctis sulphurescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 399; Buti.
Ill. Het. vii, p. 85, pl. 123, figs. 6, 7.
3. Ochreous white or bright ochreous; abdomen black, the
anal tuft orange; fore wing with very slight traces of a medial
band towards inner margin ; hind wing paler.
© with the abdomen ochreous.
Hab. Kangra. Exp., § 38-45, 2 48 millim.
1065. Euproctis fulvipuncta, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 159,
figs. 2, 8, pl. 175, fig. 14 (larva).
g. Pure white, the branches of antenne pale brown ; fore wing
with an orange spot at end of cell and one or two subapical orange
spots.
with orange anal tuft.
Larva deep blue-black ; a narrow grey spiracular stripe ; the 1st
somite with paired small lateral tubercles, each with atuft of black
hairs; 2nd to 11th somites with lateral tufts of white hairs; the
2nd, 3rd, and 10th somites with paired dorsal white bristles; 4th
to 9th somites each with four short brownish dorsal tufts; 8th to
11th with four orange tufts; the 11th with four mouse-brown
tufts ; 8th and 9th with a small yellow dorsal tubercle.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., ¢ 26, 2 32 millim.
B. Fore wing white, with well-defined lines.
1066. Euproctis postincisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 400, pl. 32, fig. 5;
C. & S. no. 951.
¢. Pure white ; fore legs and tarsi of mid legs blackish. Fore
wing with a nearly straight black medial line not reaching the costa
and a black streak beyond it above vein 1.
Hab. Sikhim. Lp. 34 millim.
*1067. Euproctis semivitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 48, pl. ii, fig. 25;
C.§ S. no. 953.
3. White; thorax pale ochreous; abdomen ochreous white,
slightly banded with black; anal tuft bright ochreous; antenne
pale brown; second joint of palpi black; fore legs ochreous in
front. Fore wing with a medial band of black scales from the
subcostal nervure to inner margin; a few black scales on inner
margin on each side of the band.
Hab. Khasis. Exp. 30 millim.
EUPROCTIS. 475
1068. Euproctis bifascia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 58, pl. 141, fig. 8.
2. Pure white; fore wing with antemedial and submarginal
slightly waved lines composed of short orange streaks.
Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Evp. 42 millim.
C. Fore wing orange-yellow (rarely brownish), with ante- and post-
medial pale lines which may be almost obsolete.
a. Hore wing with no submarginal black spots.
1069. Euproctis flavinata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 331.
3. Head, thorax, and fore wing bright orange-yellow ; the last
with an orange spot at end of cell, and indistinct ante- and post-
medial pale curved lines, furthest apart towards costa, the area
between them powdered with dark scales—these markings being
always very indistinct and often almost obsolete. Abdomen and
hind wing paler.
2 with the anal tuft brown.
Hab. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo.
Exp., & 28, 9 38-44 millim.
1070. Euproctis varians, W/k. Cat. iii, p. 796; C. § 8. no. 921.
Artaxa pusilla, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 86, pl. 112, fig. 4; C&S.
no. 917.
Euproctis pygmea, Moore, Lep, Atk. p. 48 (nec WIk.).
¢. Differs from flavinata in its small size; the two pale lines
of the fore wing more prominent, but with no dark powdering
between them ; the orange cell-spot generally absent.
@. Paler and without markings.
Hab. China; Formosa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma.
Exp., 3 18-22, 2? 18-29 millim.
1071. Euproctis subfuscula, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140,
figs, 5, 11.
Differs from flavinata in being more or less suffused with brown,
or generally unitorm reddish brown; fore wing with the cell-spot
and lines indistinct ; hind wing not paler. Underside of fore wing
with the costa tinged with fuscons in male.
Hab. Nilgiris. Exp., 3 38, 2 46 millim.
1072. Euproctis cervina, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 345; id. Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 112, fig. 3; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 158, fig. 16 (2) ;
C. & S. no. 906.
3g. Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish fulvous, the last
A476 LYMANTRIID®.
with medial and postmedial pale lines, the former excurved at
discocellulars, the latter evenly curved. Abdomen and hind wing
fuscous ; cilia of both wings yellow.
2. Head orange-yellow; thorax, abdomen, and wings pale
ochreous white, with a slight fuscous tinge, the margin of wings
yellow ; fore wing without pale lines.
The Kashmir form in the male has the fore wing darker, with
the pale lines less prominent ; the hind wing dark fuscousas com-
pared with the typical Ceylon form.
Hab. Kashmir; Ceylon. Exp., g 26, 2 30 millim.
1073. Euproctis anguligera, Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1886, p. 885.
3. Head and thorax bright yellow; abdomen slightly tinged
with fuscous, the anal tuft orange. Fore wing bright canary-
yellow ; a broad medial dark-speckled band with pale edges, its
outer edge angled at vein 3; dark spots beyond it near outer
angle and above vein 3. Hind wing paler.
Hab. Murree; Burma; Andamans. ap. 28-82 millim.
1074. Euproctis arenacea, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore wing
pale yellow, irrorated with dark scales; the ante- and postmedial
pale lines indistinct, the former with a broad diffused dark band
preceding it; the latter with a large dark patch beyond it on the
costa and slightly outlined with dark scales. Hind wing pale
yellow.
Hab. Sikhim (Moller). Exp. 22 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
b. Fore wing with submarginal black spots.
1075. Euproctis vitellina, Koll. Wiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 471; Buti.
Ill, Het. vii, pl. 138, fig. 13 (larva); C. & S. no. 957.
Euproctis gamma, W7k. Cat. vii, p. 1781; C. & S. no. 940.
Artaxa princeps, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 881; C. § S. no. 916.
Themaca comparata, Wik. Cat. xxxui, p. 3895; C. & S. no. 901.
$. Bright orange-yellow ; fore wing with a medial pale-edged
band of dark scales, which bifurcates at the lower angle of cell and
does not reach the costa; one or two submarginal black spots
towards apex, which are almost obsolete in some specimens. Hind
wing paler.
2 with the anal tuft ochreous.
Larva dull black; an imperfect dorsal series of white dots, and
a few scattered lateral dots ; each somite with eight small rust-red
tubercles bearing white hairs.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Ewzp., 5 38, 2 54 millim.
EUPROCTIS. AT7
1076. Euproctis digramma, Guér., Cuv. Icon. R. Anim., Ins. p. 508,
pl. 86, fig. 4; C. §& S. no. 908 (part.).
Artaxa unimacula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 899; C. § S. no. 920.
Head, thorax, and fore wings
bright orange-yellow ; abdomen
more or less tinged with fuscous,
the anal tuft orange ; fore wing
with ante- and postmedial curved
pale lines, the space between
Fig. 321.—Euproctis digramma, §. }. them being slightly powdered
with dark scales towards inner
margin ; two prominent subapical black spots. Hind wing paler.
The form wnimacula has only one subapical spot to fore wing.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java. Evp.,
3 25-34, 2 40 millim.
Lina
1077. Kuproctis guttata, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 795.
Artaxa digramma, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 112, figs. 1, la; C.§ S.
no, 908 (part.), nee Bombyx digramma, Guér.
Artaxa pelona, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 138.
Differs from digramma in having no fuscous on abdomen; the
fore wing with an orange spot at end of cell, and an additional
black spot towards outer angle.
Some specimens have the two pale lines of the fore wing more
or less outlined with red-brown or fuscous, and the space between
them filled in with fuscous. The submarginal black spots are
occasionally almost or completely obsolete.
Larva black, the head chestnut ; long anterior and short latera!
tufts of grey hair; the thoracic somites with dorsal grey tufts ;
the others with dorsal tufts of short brown hair.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma Ezp., ¢ 30, 2
40 millim.
1078. Euproctis fraterna, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 85; Hmpsn. Lil.
Het. ix, pl. 176, fig. 2 (larva); C. §& S. no. 911.
3. Differs from guttata in its smaller size, and the fore wing
being shorter and squarer.
2 sometimes with an almost complete submarginal series of
black spots to fore wing.
Larva. Head crimson; body black; the 1st somite with long
lateral tufts of black hair rising from prominent tubercles; the
other somites with dorsal and lateral tufts of white hair ; subdorsal
pale lines; 9th and 10th somites with white dorsal spots; 11th
somite with a dorsal black tuft.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Lvp., ¢ 24,
2 30-38 millim.
478 LYMANTRIID®.
1079. Euproctis apicalis, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 505; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pl. 111, fig. 5,2 ; Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, pl. 159, fig. 1, 3, pl. 175,
fig. 11 (larva); C. & S. no. 1087.
3. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings fulvous yellow. Fore
wing with ante- and postmedial indistinct pale waved lines, with
diffused red-brown scales on their edges; one subapical white-
ringed black spot, and another towards outer angle.
2. Head, thorax, and anal tuft dirty grey; abdomen orange ;
fore wing bright orange-red, the lines indistinct and without dark
edges; two black specks towards apex and two near anal angle ;
hind wing orange.
Larva black; the head scarlet ; long anterior and posterior tufts
of black hair; each somite with lateral tufts of white hair curved
upwards over the back; white bands on Ist and 2nd somites, and
dorsal spots on 9th and 10th.
Hub, Newera Ellia, Ceylon. Evxp., 3 40, 2 33 millim.
1080. Euproctis antiphates, n. sp.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown, the anal tuft yellow.
Fore wing brownish grey, more or less suffused with brown; the
ante- and postmedial pale lines outlined with brown; a dark spot
at end of cell sometimes nearly obsolete ; the outer area from the
postmedial line deeply suffused with brown; a submarginal series
of dark lunules outlined with grey. Hind wing brownish white,
the veins darker, a dark spot at end of cell and diffused postmedial
band.
Hab. Naga Hills, 2000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 24 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.
1081. Euproctis costalis, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 806; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 110, figs. 2, 2a, 6 (larva); C. § S. no. 1041.
Lacida complens, W7k. Cat. xxxii, p. 336.
Rilia illepida, Wk. Cat. xxxii, p. 486.
Utidava incomptaria, Wik. Cat, xxvi, p. 1689; C. § S. no. 3690.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous. Fore wing whitish,
with the basal and costal areas suffused with dark brown; a large
diffused brown patch with three dark spots on it at end of cell,
joined by an oblique diffused streak from the apex; an indistinct
submarginal series of dark spots. Hind wing pale fuscous.
@. The base and costa of fore wing not suffused with brown,
the three spots at end of cell not on a brown patch, and separated
from the oblique streak.
Larva blackish brown, tufted with short hair; a pink line
between 5th and 6th somites.
Hab. Ceylon. Eup., 3 24, 2 30 millim.
EUPROCTIS. 479
1082. Euproctis antica, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 802; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 110, fig. 3; C. & S. no, 1059.
Anaxila notata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 919.
3. Differs from costalis in its larger size; the fore wing wholiy
suffused with brown ; the oblique stripe less prominent, the sub-
marginal series of spots more so.
Q like costalis, but larger.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp., 5 34, 2 38 millim.
D. Fore wing with diffused red-brown or vinous-brown bands, which
may occupy the whole wing except a discal patch.
a. Fore wing with no submarginal black spots.
1083. Euproctis plana, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1731; Budl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89,
fig. 13; ad. Ill. Het. vii, pl. 138, fig. 5 (larva); C.§ S. no. 971.
Euproctis discinota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 601; C. & S. no, 937.
Cheerotricha immaculata, Buti. Ill. Het. v, pl. 89, fig. 14; A & 8S.
no. 967.
Euproctis muelleri, Sxell. Tijd. v. Ent. xx, 1877, p. 13.
3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous. Fore wing bright
orange-yellow, usually slightly powdered with black scales; a
ferruginous band from near base of costa to middle of median
nervure, then straight to inner margin ; a postmedial band excurved
beyond end of cell; a black spot at end of cell; long black hairs
on inner margin. Hind wing paler.
2 with the bands nearly obsolete, the black spot being also
absent in the specimen named immaculata.
Larva dark brown, marbled with red-brown; a series of deep
red lateral tubercles bearing short white processes and tufts of
white hair; small dorsal tubercles on thoracic somites bearing
tufts of white hair; fourth to anal somite with dorsal tubercles
bearing short silky-brown tufts.
Hab. Kangra; Sikhin; Burma; Andamans. ELvp., ¢ 44-54,
2 60-72 millim.
1084. Euproctis icilia, Stoll, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, p. 158, pl. 35, fig. 5;
OFS Senos 940.
Cherotricha decussata, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 345; id. Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 113, figs. 2,26 (larva); C. & S. no. 966.
Differs from plana in the whole base of the fore wing being
purplish brown, and often conjoined to the broad postmedial band
below the cell.
Larva purplish brown, tufted with short grey hair, and marked
with numerous irregular reddish lines; pale speckled dorsal tuber-
cles on 4th, 5th, and 11th somites connected by a chain-like band ;
thoracic somites with a black dorsal line.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas and throughout §. India and Ceylon.
Exp., § 38-48, 2 54 millim.
480 LYMANTRIID®.
1085. Euproctis plagiata, Wk. Cat. iv, p. 858; C. § S. no. 970.
2. Differs from icilia in the basal purple-brown area of the
fore wing being g joined to the postmedial band at the costal as well
as inner area, leavi ing a patch at lower angle of cell and the outer
margin yellow ; no black spot at end of cell.
Hab. N epal. ap. 60 millim.
1086, Euproctis madana, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 348; C. § 8. no. 948.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Fore wing yellow,
with the basal area brown, running out to a point on the median
nervure ; a black spot at end of cell; a postmedial band excurved
beyond cell, widest at costa, and sending a spur to outer mar ein
between veins 5 and 6. Hind wing pale.
Hab, Sikhim. L£ewp. 64 millim.
1087, Euproctis varia, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 840; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pl. 9a, fig. 5; C. & S. no. 974.
Differs from plana in the abdomen being black above, the anal
tuft orange. Fore wing with a red-brown spot near base; a
black spot at end of cell; an irregular oblique postmedial red-
brown band irrorated with dark scales, becoming very much wider
from lower angle of cell to inner margin.
A variety from Sikhim has the whole outer area of the fore
wing red-brown, and the hind wing tinged with rufous.
Hab. Simla; Sikhim; Nagas; Mergui. Ewp., ¢ 46, 958
millim.
1088. Euproctis flavimaculata, n. sp.
2. Head and thorax reddish brown; abdomen fuscous, the
anal segment orange. Fore wing uniform vinous brown, irrorated
with dark scales ; a yellow patch at end of cell with a black spot
on it. Hind wing greyish white, the central marginal area irro-
rated with brown scales.
Hab. Sikhim. Lup. 64 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.
b. Fore wing with biack submarginal spots.
ig }
1089. Euproctis marginata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p.49; C.§ S. no. 969.
Cheerotricha quadrangularis, Moore, Lep, Atk. p. 60, pl. ii, fig. 25;
C. & S. no. 972.
Differs from plagiata in having the abdomen black above, except
the anal segment and tuft which - are orange. Fore wing with the
red-brown “suffusion darker and better defined from the yellow
marginal area, which bears a series of eight black spots.
The form quadrangularis has one subapical and two medial
spots of the series absent ; the hind wing paler.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., ¢ 46, 2 60 millim.
BUPROCTIS, 481
E. Fore wing suffused with vinous or olive-brown and with
two pale lines.
a. Lore wing without submarginal black spots.
1090. Euproctis albopunctata, n. sp.
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen rufous brown, the anal tuft
yellow. Fore wing vinous brown, irrorated with dark scales; an
antemedial, curved, pale line and postmedial line much exeurved
beyond end of cell; a broken series of marginal white spots ;
cilia white and brown. Hind wing pale fuscous, with an irregular
pale margin and brown marginal line ; cilia whitish.
Hab. Sikhim. Hwp.52 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
1091. Euproctis albodentata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 401; C. § S-
no. 959.
Differs from albopunctata in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
brownish white. Fore wing suffused with olive-brown, the veins
and margins pale; the pale lines more angled and approaching
each other towards inner margin; a complete marginal series of
triangular white marks. Hind wing pale ochreous fuscous, the
marginal area whitish.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Burma, wp. 45 millim.
1092. Euproctis lativitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 49, pl. ii, fig. 18; C$ S.
no. 961.
2. Head and thorax whitish, the branches of antenne brown;
abdomen blackish, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing with the
outer margin slightly angled at vein 5; whitish, slightly irrorated
with ochreous and dark scales, especially between the white bands
which approach each other towards inner margin, and near centre
of outer margin; a black lunule at end of cell. Hind wing white,
slightly irrorated with dark scales, especially on the disk.
Hab. Sikhim; Naga Hills. Hap. 52 millim.
1093. Euproctis variegata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 56, pl. 140,
fig. 6.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing
ochreous white, irrorated with dark brown scales; the pale ante-
and postmedial lines indistinct ; a conspicuous orange spot at end
of cell edged with dark scales some whitish marks beyond the
postmedial line. Hind wing pale ochreous.
Hab. Nilgiris. Hap, 38 millim.
1094. Euproctis nigripennis, n. sp.
3g. Head and thorax fulvous; abdomen black, with orange anal
tuft. Fore wing fulvous yellow, irrorated with black scales the
VOL, I. 21
482 LYMANTRIID A.
ante- and postmedial pale lines waved, the latter excurved beyond
the cell, the space between them and the apical area suffused
with black, except the veins; a submarginal, pale, waved line.
Hind wing deep black, with a broad, marginal, fulvous-yellow
band.
2 paler ; abdomen with a large fulvous anal tuft; hind wing
with broad pale fawn border.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp., 5 42, 2 55millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
1095. Euproctis abjecta, Swink. P. Z. 8. 1889, p. 405, pl. 48, fig. 18.
Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft orange.
Fore wing vinous brown, irrorated with dark scales; the ante-
medial line angled on the median nervure, the postmedial line ex-
curved beyond end of cell. Hind wing brownish ochreous.
Hab. Lower Sind. EHzp., § 24, 2 30 millim.
*1096. Euproctis rana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 806; C. & S. no. 952.
3. Yellow; antenne and abdomen brown. Fore wing with
the basal two-thirds irrorated with dark scales and sending an
elbowed spur to the centre of outer margin, below which the wing
is whitish ; ante- and postmedial pale lines. Hind wing with the
inner area suffused with brown.
Hab. Sylhet. Hap. 63 millim.
b. Fore wing with submarginal black spots.
1097. Euproctis bipartita, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 49, pl. ii, fig. 4; CGS.
no. 965.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous brown, the anal tuft
fulvous. Fore wing reddish brown, irrorated with dark scales ;
the ante- and postmedial lines excurved in and beyond the cell;
some specimens with a black speck im the cell; the apex and a
narrow marginal line yellow; one subapical black spot. Hind
wing yellow, often slightly suffused with brown, except the marginal
area.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 52 millim.
F. Fore wing uniform brown or purplish brown, irrorated with dark
scales, the outer margin yellow, but no yellow on disk.
a. Hore wing without submarginal black spots.
1098. Euproctis sagroides, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 57, pl. 140, fig. 14.
g. Uniform yellowish brown; the cilia yellow.
Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 22 millim.
BUPROCTIS. 483
1099. Euproctis uniformis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 49; C. § S. no. 973.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown; anal tuft orange. Fore
wing vinous brown, irrorated with dark scales; the cilia yellow.
Hind wing fuscous brown, with a broad, marginal, yellow band.
Hab. Sikhim; E. Pegu. wp. 57 millim.
1100. Euproctis luteifascia, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 57, pl. 141, fig. 2.
3. Head yellow; thorax brownish ochreous. ore wing vinous
brown, irrorated with dark scales; an antemedial, orange-red,
maculate line; cilia yellow. Abdomen, hind wing, and underside
yellow.
Hab. Nilgiris. Hap. 36 millim.
1101. Euproctis scintillans, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1734; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 90, fig. 1; C. & S. no. 924.
Orvasca subnotata, Wilk. Cat. xxxii, p. 502; C. § S. no, 925.
ee ane Butl. Ill. Het. v, p. 53, pl. 90, fig, 3; C. §& S.
no. 915.
Somena irrorata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 87; C. & S. no. 923.
Artaxa justicie, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 352; C. & S. no. 914.
Head yellow ; thorax brown ; abdomen black or yellow, the anal
tuft orange. ore wing vinous brown, irrorated with dark scales,
which colour extends as two spurs across the yellow marginal area
below the apex and to centre of margin, but sometimes not
reaching the margin; costa often yellow. Hind wing yellow, or
in some specimens fuscous brown, with a broad yellow margin.
Larva dark brown, with a series of crimson lateral tubercles on a
yellow line bearing tufts of grey hair; the 3rd somite banded with
yellow ; dorsal tufts of short brown hair on 4th, 5th, and 11th
somites ; 5th to 10th somites with a broad, dorsal, yellow stripe ;
a yellow spot on anal somite.
Another form of the larva has the anterior and posterior somites
slate-colour, whilst a third form has the dorsal tufts black ; a series
of subdorsal, white-speckled, black spots, and no red tubercles on
the lateral line.
Hab. Throughout Indiaand Ceylon; Burma; Andamans. Lwp.,
3 20-26, 2 32-38 millim.
*1102. Euproctis basalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 51, pl. ii, fig. 16; C. § S.
no. 904.
3. Head, thorax, and palpi yellow ; abdomen and legs whitish.
Fore wing with the basal two-thirds red-brown, its outer edge
oblique and angled outwards at the middle, and with a spot beyond
the angle on the marginal yellow area. Hind wing and underside
whitish.
Hab. Sikhim. Hep. 32 millim.
212
484 LYMANTRIID A.
b. Fore wing with submarginal black spots.
1103. Euproctis bipunctapex, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 57, pl. 140,
fig. 18
Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown, the anal tuft brownish
yellow. Fore wing red-brown, irrorated with dark scales; the
marginal area yellow, with a spur from the brown area to the centre
of outer margin; two subapical black spots. Hind wing brown,
with a broad, marginal, yellow band.
In some specimens a brown spot at the end of the cell of the
fore wing is visible, and a male from the Ndga Hills has only one
subapical spot.
Hab. China; Kangra; Ndgas; Nilgiris; Burma. Hwp., ¢ 24,
2 26-40 millim.
1104. Euproctis atomaria, Wik. Cat.iv, p.796; Bul. Ill. Het. v, pl. 90,
fir. 2; C.§ S. no. 903.
Arna apicalis, Wik. Cat. v, p. 1177; C. & 8. no. 902.
Differs from bipunctapex in being deeper red-brown, with the
marginal yellow band of fore wing narrower, and in the hind wing
reduced to a fine line.
Larva olive-green, sparsely clothed with fine hair; a broad,
dorsal, reddish band with a fine black line on it; black dorsal
tubercles on 4th, 5th, and 11th somites.
Hab. Moulmein; Ceylon. Lxp., ¢ 28-380, 2 38 millim.
1105. Euproctis magna, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 479.
@. Head and thorax greyish fuscous; abdomen brownish, the
anal tuft brownish ochreous. Wings purplish grey; fore wing
irrorated with dark scales; one subapical black spot; the margin
and cilia yellow. Hind wing with the outer margin paler.
A specimen from Burma has two subapical black spots and only
the cilia yellow.
Hab. Khasis; Bernardmyo. wp. 64 millim.
Genus PORTHESIA.
Porthesia, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. 11, p. 65 (1829).
Type, P. auriflua, Hubn., from Europe.
Range. Europe ; Africa; Madagascar; throughout India, Ceylon,
and Burma; Java; Australia; Tasmania; Christmas Island.
Palpi long, slender, and obliquely pointed; antenne with the
branches long in male. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from angle
PORTHESIA. 485
of cell; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 and often 7
also being given off towards apex. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from angle of cell; 5 absent; 6 and 7 stalked.
1106. Porthesia xanthorrhea, Koll. Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv, p. 470;
C.§ S. no. 958.
pups subdita, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 400; id. Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 112, figs. 5, 5a; CL § S&. no. 980.
Euproctis virguncula, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 886; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pl. 16, figs. 3, 3 a@ (larva); C. § S. no. 932.
Euproctis marginalis, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1731; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 89, fig. 12; C. g S. no. 929.
Kuproctis subnigra, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 48; C. § S. no. 931.
Euproctis flavonigra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 400, pl. 32, fig. 11;
C.& S. no. 939.
3g. White, with a very slight fuscous tinge; the branches of
antenne brownish; anal tuft
orange; the whole apical and
outer areas of hind wing on upper-
side, and the underside of both
4 = =a wings, except the outer margin,
j NS we suffused with black.
ay pe In the form virguncula the
only trace of black suffusion on
Fig. 322. either wing is on the underside of
Porthesia xanthorrhea, 3. +. costa of fore wing; in flavonigra
the fore wing is bright ochreous,
the hind wing black with the base white, the cilia ochreous; all
the intermediate stages occurring.
without any black suffusion.
Larva black; head striped with white; Ist somite with a
crimson band ; a dorsal series of yellow spots with a crimson line
through them on 2nd, 3rd, and 6th to 10th somites; 1st somite
with long forwardly-projecting tufts of black hair; the other
somites with shorter tufts.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java. Ewp., ¢
28, 2 37 millim.
1107. Porthesia aurantiaca, n. sp.
3S. Head and legs orange; thorax dark red-brown; abdomen
blackish. Fore wing with the basal two-thirds bright orange; the
outer third dark red-brown. Hind wing bright orange; the cilia
tinged with red-brown, especially towards apex.
Hab. Sikhim. Hap. 24 millim. Type in coll. Moore.
486 LYMANTRIID &.
Genus PERINA.
Perina, WIk. Cat. iv, p. 966 (1855).
Type, P. nuda, Fabr.
Range. China; and throughout India and Ceylon.
3. Palpi extremely minute; antennz with the branches long.
Mid and hind tibie with minute terminal pairs of spurs. Fore
wing with the outer margin extremely oblique; vein 3 from before
angle of cell; 4 and 5 on a short stalk; 6 from upper angle; 7,8,
9, 10 stalked, 7 and 10 being given off towards apex. Hind wing
with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 stalked; 6 absent.
@. Antenne with the branches shorter; fore wing with the
outer margin not so oblique. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from
angle of cell; 6 present and stalked with 7.
1108. Perina nuda, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 117; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 114, figs. 1, la, 6 (larva); C. § 8. no. 867.
Stilpnotia subtincta, W/k. Cat. iv, p. 843.
Perina basalis, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 966. _
Euproctis combinata, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 347.
3d. Head and legs orange; antenne black; thorax grey and
brown; abomen brown, the seg-
ments fringed with white; anal
tuft orange. Fore wing hyaline,
with a patch of brown scales on
inner basal area. Hind wing
dark brown, with the apical area
hyaline.
@. Pale ochreous; the anal
tuft orange ; fore wing irrorated
with brown scales below the cell.
Larva greyish green, with short
dorsal tufts of black hair and
long anterior and posterior tufts ;
lateral tufts of grey and black
Fig. 823.—Perina nuda. }. hair; a dark sap-green dorsal
band broken by a white line on
thoracic somites and with red spots on its edge; 5th to 11th
somites with subdorsal blue tubercles.
Pupa greenish; all the somites, except the two medial, red-
brown below with paired black spots.
Hab. China and throughout India and Ceylon. Ezp., 3 38,
2 50 millim.
1109. Perina pura, Wik. Char. undescr. Het. p. 17.
3. Differs from *uda in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
whitish ; the scaled areas of wings white, suffused with fuscous.
@. Much whiter than in nuda.
Hab. “N, India.” Exp., g 30, 2 40 millim.
LEUCOMA. 487
Genus LEUCOMA.
Leucoma, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 64 (1829).
Redoa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 826 (1855).
Kanchia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 92 (1883).
Type, Z. vau-nigra, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Palearctic, Ethiopian, and Oriental regions; New
Britian ; New Ireland.
Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antenne bipectinated
in both sexes, the branches longer in male than female. Hind
tibiee with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing with vein 3 from before
angle of cell; 4 and 5 from angle; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9
stalked. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5
from above angle ; 6 and 7 stalked or from cell.
Szor, I. (Leucoma). Fore wing with vein 10 from the cell.
1110. Leucoma comma, Hutton, Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) ii, 1864, p. 830;
C, & S. no. 1108.
Redoa cygna, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 401; C. § S. no, 1049.
3. Pure glistening white; frons, palpi, and coxe of fore legs
Fig. 324.—Leucoma comma, g. }.
orange ; fore and mid tibie with a black spot. Fore wing with
a black lunule on discocellulars ; branches of antenne brownish.
Hab. Dehra Din; Nilgiris. Hap. 42 millim.
Secor. II. (Redoa). Fore wing with vein 10 anastomosing
slightly with 8 and 9 to form an areole.
1111. Leucoma submarginata, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 826; Butl. Ill. Het.
v, pl. 89, fig. 3; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. 14, figs. 11, 11 a (larva) ;
C. § S. no. 1055.
Pure white ; palpi brownish ; two brown spots on frons, and a
brown band between the antenne, which have the branches
brownish ; legs spotted with black. Fore wing irrorated with
silvery scales; a black speck at end of cell; costa ochreous towards
apex ; the wing-membrane slightly corrugated on outer area; cilia
of both wings more or less tinged with fuscous.
Larva pale fuscous, with long, scattered, simple, and spatulate
hairs; a dorsal tuft of long black hairs from the second somite ;
488 LYMANTRIID &.
subdorsal and sublateral black lines; the first and second somites
bandet with black in front ; the second somite with a yellow band
also.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, Burma, and Java. Exp., 3 42,
2 50 millim.
1112. Leucoma flavescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 600; C & S.
no. 1052.
~ Redoa sericea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 600; C. & S. no. 1054.
3. Differs from submarginata in the whole frons being dark ;
the wings whiter and evenly irrorated with silvery scales; the
outer area of fore wing with slight indications of corrugations.
The form jflavescens is yellowish, whilst sericea is pure white,
with the costa of fore wing yellowish.
Hab. Andamans. Evwp. 34 millim.
1113. Leucoma divisa, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 836; C. § S. no. 938.
Redoa perfecta, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 128.
Redoa lactea, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 46; C. §& S. no. 1055.
Redoa cymbicornis, Butl. Id. Het. v, p. 48, pl. 89, fig. 2; C.§ &.
no. 1050.
Redoa nigricilia, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 478.
Penora silhetica, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 8341; C. & S. no. 1066.
Palpi and frons slightly fuscous. Antenne with the branches
pale ochreous; legs white, the fore legs sometimes spotted with
black, and the tarsi sometimes ringed with fuscous. Wings
clothed with silvery and white scales, which drop off, except in
quite fresh specimens, leaving the wings quite hyaline, except for
a few hair-like scales.
Hab, Sikhim; Borneo. Ewp., ¢ 40-50, 9 50-70 millim.
1114. Leucoma diaphana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 46; C. §& S. no. 1051.
3. Differs from divisa in the frons and costa of fore wing
being orange; the branches of antenne and legs tinged with
orange. Wings diaphanous, with a few hair-like scales.
In the specimen from Burma patches of scales remain at the
upper and lower angles of cell of both wings.
Hab. Sikhim; Bernardmyo, Burma. wp. 44 millim.
1115. Leuéoma thyridophora, n. sp.
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish white. Fore wing
wholly occupied by an extremely irregular hyaline patch, except
the margins; two antemedial ridges of scales and a band on the
discocellulars, which are ochreous white, with numerous slight
ridges of raised scales ; a few dark scales at upper angle of cell
and centre of inner margin ; an indistinct submarginal line with a
dark striga on it near outer angle. Hind wing ochreous white,
LEUCOMA.—CAVIBIA. 489
with an extremely irregular hyaline patch in and beyond the end
of cell.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 50 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
1116. Leucoma fenestrata, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. ix, ined., pl. 160, fig. 16.
@. Pale reddish white. Fore wing with a large irregular
hyaline patch in and beyond the end of cell and a hyaline sub-
apical spot ; a chestnut spot at end of cell and numerous indis-
tinct ridges of raised scales. Hind wing with a smaller hyaline
patch in and beyond the end of cell.
Hab. Ceylon. Hap. 38 millim.
Secr. III. (Kanchia). Fore wing with vein 10 arising from 11 and
anastomosing slightly with 8 and 9 to form an areole.
1117. Leucoma subvitrea, Wik. Cat. xxxii, p. 344; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pl. 113, fig. 5; C.& 8. no, 1088.
. 9. Head, thorax, and abdomen pure white. Wings almost
without scales, the few there are being hair-like ; the membrane
iridescent ; veins apple-green during life.
Hab. Hongkong; Bengal; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Hap. 38-42 millim.
Genus CAVIRIA.
Caviria, WIk. Cat. iv, p. 824 (1855).
Caragola, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 46 (1879).
Type, C. substrigosa, W1k., from Brazil.
Range. 8. America; N.E. India; Ceylon; Burma; Andamans ;
Java.
Palpi minute and porrect. Antenne bipectinated, the branches
longer in male than female. Hind tibize with one pair of spurs.
Fore wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from
angle; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with
vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from angle; 6 and 7
from upper angle.
Szor. I.(American). Fore wing with vein 10 rising from 11 and
giving off 9 to anastomose with 8 and form the areole.
Szcr. II. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked; 10 and 11
free from cell.
1118. Caviria cygna, Moore, P. Z. 8.1877, p. 601; Hmpsn. Ill. Het.
ix, ined., pl. 159, fig. 6; C. § S. no. 1064.
3. Head and thorax pure white; antennze brown; abdomen
fulvous ; fore legs bright orange. Fore wing with the basal area
white from the costa before middle to outer angle, the rest of the
490 LYMAN'TRIID A.
wing hyaline, with traces of a postmedial band of silvery scales.
Hind wing pure white.
Fig. 325.— Caviria cygna, 6. }.
. The whole fore wing pure white; three raised bands of
silvery-white scales on outer half of wing.
Hab. Ceylon; Andamans. Exp., ¢ 42, 9 44 millim.
1119. Caviria clara, Wik. Cat. xxii, p. 343; C. & S. no. 1048.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pure white ; palpi and legs orange ;
branches of antennze pale brown. Wings silvery white. Fore
wing with two very obliquely curved raised bands of silvery-white
scales beyond the cell.
Hab. Sikhim. EHwp., g 36, 2 48 millim.
1120. Caviria sericea, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 45; C. § S. no. 1073.
3. Pure silvery white; palpi and inner sides of fore legs
black. Fore wing without raised bands of scales.
Hab. Sikhim. Lap. 38 millim.
1121. Caviria ochripes, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 45; C. § S. no. 1072.
3. Pure white; the palpi, fore legs, and tarsi of mid and hind
legs bright orange.
Q@. The frons, costa, and apex of fore wing tinged with fuscous
in some specimens.
Hab. Sikhim; Naga Hills; Momeit, Burma. Ezp., 3g 40,
@ 50 millim.
1122. Caviria rinaria, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 336.
Redoa dica, Swink. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 478.
é. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; shaft of antenneze
chequered brown and white, the branches brownish ; legs marked
with brown. Fore wing silvery white, with three very oblique
crenulated bands on outer half of wing, the middle band with an
indistinct brown line on it; two indistinct subapical specks ; costa
brown; tips of cilia brown. Hind wing white; the tips of cilia
brown at middle.
Sr
ito —
CAVIRIA.—DENDROPHLEPS. 491
2 with the antenne white.
Hab. Khasis; Java. Eep., § 42, 2 60 millim.
Srcr. III. Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked.
*1123. Caviria costalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 46, pl. ii, fig. 21; 0. § S.
no. 1078.
3. Pure silky white. Fore wing with the costal edge black
and folded over near apex; the base slightly tinged with ochreous ;
the veins raised above the surface. Body ochreous white; an-
tenn with the branches ochreous ; palpi at sides and head_ below,
black ; fore legs black above.
Hab. Sikhim. ap. 50 millim.
Genus DENDROPHLEPS, nov.
Type, D. semihyalina, Hmpsn.
Range. Khasis.
Palpi short and porrect. Antenne with the branches of mode-
rate length. Hind tibie with one pair of spurs. Fore wing with
vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 stalked; 6 from upper
angle; 7,8,9 stalked. Hind wing with vein 3 from close to angle
of cell; 4 and 5 stalked; 6 and 7 stalked and bent; the cell long;
three or four veinlets between vein | a and inner margin.
1124. Dendrophleps semihyalina, n. sp.
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; branches of antenne
Fig. 326.—Dendrophleps semihyalina, g. +.
black ; vertex of thorax with three black spots; abdomen with
dorsal black bands. Fore wing hyaline; a white patch on basal
inner area. Hind wing with the costal half hyaline; the inner
half white.
Hab. Khasi Hills (Hamilton). Hap. 52 millim. Type in coll.
Swinhoe.
492 LYMANTRIID 2.
Genus CISPIA.
Cispia, W1k. Cat. iv, p. 857 (1855).
Caltura, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 401.
Type, C. punctifascia, W1k.
Range. Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Nilgiris; Ceylon.
Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint long and fringed with hair, the 3rd
minute ; or the palpirarely minute. Antenne bipectinate in both
sexes, the branches long. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close
to angle of cell: 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 being
given off from nearer the cell or from the same point as 7. Hind
wing with vein 3 from before angle, 5 from above it.
Sxcr. I. Hind tibie with two pairs of spurs. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 from cell.
1125. Cispia punctifascia, Wik. Cat. iv, p. 857; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 113, fis. 3; C. $ S. no. 996.
Head, thorax, and abdomen orange. Antenne black, the shaft
white at sides; collar, thorax, and tegule black spotted ; abdomen
Fig. 327.—Cispia punctifascia, S. }.
with a lateral series of black spots; legs marked with black. Fore
wing brownish orange, the veins pale yellow; two black subbasal
spots; an orange medial band edged by red-brown strigz in the
interspaces, with a pale line outside them. Hind wing orange,
with a curved postmedial maculate band from the costa to vein 2
on underside.
Hab. Sikhim; Bhutan ; Assam; Ceylon. Hup., $50, 2 70 millim.
1126. Cispia venosa, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) i, 1862, p.264; C. §& S.
no. 928.
Differs from punctifascia in bemg bright orange. Fore wing
bright orange, the band broader and the strige edging it only
slightly darker than the ground-colour. Underside of both wings
with a fuscous maculate band, the apex of fore wing fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Lap. 70 millim.
CISPIA.—RATARDA. 493
1127. Cispia alba, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p.401; 2d. Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 114,
figs. 2, 2a, b (larva); C. & S. no. 1085.
White ; tegule and thorax spotted with black. Abdomen with
dorsal and lateral series of black spots. Wings semidiaphanous.
Fore wing with three black basal spots; an angled antemedial
line ; a black striga at upper angle of cell; an oblique line from
near apex to centre of inner margin; both wings with a marginal
series of black spots.
Larva pale green, sparsely clothed with black and brown hair,
the anterior and posterior tufts of hair long; the lateral tufts
arising from three series of red tubercles ; some slender dorsal and
lateral white lines ; a whitish spot in front of each dorsal tuft.
Pupa bluish grey and hairy, with black lines on head and front,
and strige on the somites.
Hab. Ceylon. FExp., 3 44, 2 66 millim.
Szcr. II. Hind tibie with one pair of spurs. Hind wing with
veins 6 and 7 from cell.
1128. Cispia puncticilia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p.575; C. § S. no. 3745.
White ; the branches of antenne brownish; legs streaked with
black. Wings semidiaphanous. Fore wing with a black line
along the basal half of costa; a spot at middle of cell, and six
spots on cilia. Hind wing with a black apical spot on cilia.
Hab. Nilgiris. Ewp., 3 30, Q 34 millim.
Szor. ILI. Hind tibie without spurs. Hind wing with veins
6 and 7 on a long stalk ; palpi minute.
1129. Cispia flavipes, n. sp.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen white: legs orange-yellow.
Wings semidiaphanous white. Fore wing with the basal three-
fourths of costa black, the apical portion spotted with black ; both
wings with a black spot on discocellulars and marginal series of
spots. ah
Hab. Sikhim, wp. 52 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.
Genus RATARDA.
Ratarda, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 392.
Type, 2. marmorata, Moore.
Range. Sikhin.
Palpi minute and porrect ; antenne bipectinate in male, serrate
in female. Frenulum absent. Wings long and narrow. Fore
wing with vein 1c present ; the veins bent; 3 from before angle
of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 from middle of discocellulars ; 7
494 LYMANTRIID®.
absent; 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with three internal veins ;
3 from before angle of cell, 5 from above angle; 6 from below
upper angle; a veinlet in the cell of both wings.
1130. Ratarda marmorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 893, pl. 82, fig. 1;
C. § S. no. 865.
Head, thorax, and abdomen smoky black; the legs yellowish.
Fore wing black-brown, irrorated with white scales, and with a
Fig. 328.—Ratarda marmorata, . +
number of white spots on the medial area, many of which are con-
joined. Hind wing with the basal area white, slightly irrorated
with black scales ; the outer area black-brown, irrorated with white
scales.
Hab. Sikhim. wp. 54 millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which are omitted.
Euproctis atomaria, Wlk., C. & S. no. 934, is from Java.
Euproctis kargalica, Moore, C. & 8S. no. 943, is from Turkestan.
Euproctis lactea, Moore, C. & S. no. 944, is from Turkestan.
Euproctis tinctifera, Wlk., C. & 8. no. 954. Type lost; descrip-
tion not recognizable.
Genusa bigutta, Wlk., C. & S. no. 893, is a Geometer.
Penora venosa, W1k., C. & 8. no. 1067, is from America.
Trisuloides catocalina, Moore, C. & 8S. no. 1081 = sericea, Butl.,
C. & S. no. 1082, is a Noctua.
Trisuloides cerulea, Butl. Ill. Het. vii, p. 35, is a Noctua.
Porthetria brotea, Cram., C. & 8S. no. 1024, is from Amboina.
Lymantria lunata, Cram., C. & 8S. no. 1010, is from China and
Amboina.
Antipha promittens, Wlk., C. & 8. no. 1042. Type lost; descrip-
tion not recognizable.
Antipha strigulifera, Wlk., C. & S. no. 1043. Type lost ; deserip-
tion not recognizable.
Trichia eaigua, Nietn., C. & 8. no. 1080. Description not
recognizable.
HYPSIDA. 495
Family HYPSID.
Proboscis present. Palpi smoothly scaled ; the third joint long
and naked. Legs smooth; mid tibiz with one pair of spurs, hind
tibize with two pairs. Frenulum present. Fore wing with vein 1 a
separate from 16; 1¢ absent; 5 from near the lower angle of cell.
Both sexes with the membrane above inner margin forming a
cavity with aridge above it, probably for producing stridulation by
friction against a ridge of membrane below the costa of hind wing.
Hind wing with veins 1 a and 6 present, 1 ¢ absent ; 5 from near
lower angle of cell; 8 free from the base and connected by a bar
with 7 at middle of cell.
Larva with all the fore legs present, and sparsely covered with
long hairs.
Cocoon slight.
Fig. 329.—Larva of Hypsa alciphron, +. (From Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
p. 102, fig. 1 0.)
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing with no areole, veins 6 and 7 stalked . 1. Evpiocta, p. 495.
6. Fore wing with vein 7 from an areole.
a’, Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching above [p. 496.
VorvexcOl Nadas jeu iscistepde deteietens!shelorsres «reo 2, PERIDROME,
b', Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of
head.
a’, Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from angle of
COMA eas crore aeisteroae so seen usist senate oe suakes 3. Hypsa, p. 498.
6°. Hind wing with veins 6and7 stalked .... 4. Digama, p. 504.
Genus EUPLOCIA.
Euplocia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 172 (1818).
Type, #. membliaria, Cram.
Range. Burma; Siam; Andamans ; Java; Philippines.
Palpi upturned ; the second joint reaching vertex of head, the
third long and slender. Antenne minutely ciliated. Fore wing
with a costal fold on upperside in male usually containing a glandular
tuft of long hairs; veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 and 9 stalked; no
areole. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from the angle of cell.
496 HYPSID &.
1131. Euplocia membliaria, Cram. Pap. Evot. iii, pl. 269 c, v;
C. & S. no. 513.
Aganais renigera, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep. pl. 106, fig. 2.
Kuplocia moderata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 327.
Euplocia inconspicua, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 328.
3. Head black and grey ; thorax and abdomen orange; tegule
each with a black spot; abdomen with a dorsal series of black
Fig. 330.—Euplocia membliaria, §. 1.
spots, some of which are often absent, the extremity white. Fore
wing greyish fuscous; discocellulars streaked with orange; the
veins and interspaces towards outer margin streaked with white ;
cilia fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, the veins and interspaces with
short white streaks towards outer margin; cilia white.
2 with the base of costa white, with five black strige; cell
orange, with a black spot at centre anda large subquadrate fuscous
spot towards extremity.
The form renigera, from Java, has the yellow band of female on
discocellulars of fore wing small. In moderata, also from Java, the
costal fold of the male is smaller, the discocellular band of female
separated from the orange patch in cell; cnconspicua, again from
Java, has in the male the costal fold very slight, the tuft of hair
absent ; in the female the discocellular band absent.
Hab. Moulmein; Siam; Andamans; Java; Philippines. Hyp.,
3 74, 2 77 millin.
Genus PERIDROME.
Peridrome, Wik. Cat. 11, p. 444 (1854).
Anagnia, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 446 (1854).
Aganopis, Herr.-Schiiffer, Sammi. ausser. Schur. i, pp. 12, 70 (1855).
Kriocrypta, Herr.-Schiffer, t. c. pp. 12, 70 (1855).
Type, P. orbicularis, W1k.
Range. N. India; Burma; Andamans.
Palpi upturned and long, the second joint reaching above vertex
ofhead. Antenne ciliated in male, almost simple infemale. Fore
wing with vein 6 from the angle of cell, 7 and 10 from the areole
which is formed by the anastomosis of veins 8 and 9. Hind wing
with veins 6 and 7 from the angle of cell.
PERIDROME. 497
Sror. I. (Peridrome). Fore wing of male broad, the whole area
except the base covered with downy scales, which are very
long near the costa.
1132. Peridrome orbicularis, Wik. Cut. ii, p. 445; Moore, Lep.
E. I. Co. pl. xiii, fig. 10 (larva); C. & S. no. 512.
Aganopsis subquadrata, Herr.-Schaffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmett.
1, p. 12, fig. 501.
Eriocrypta longipennis, Herr.-Schdffer, t. e. p. 12.
3. Head black and white; thorax and abdomen orange; collar
and tegule with paired black spots ; metathorax fringed with white ;
abdomen with three black dorsal spots and the extremity black.
Fore wing with the basal area orange ; three black and white spots
below the costa; three black spots below median nervure and two
black and white spots on inner margin; the outer two-thirds of wing
brown covered with mouse-coloured hair, the veins and interspaces
slightly streaked with white. Hind wing with the inner area orange ;
a black patch in the cell ; the apical area yellowish white ; a fuscous
patch and spot at anal angle. Underside: body white marked
with black; the outer area of fore wing white.
2. Abdomen with a black dorsal spot on each segment. Fore
wing with the basal orange patch large, irregular, and outlined with
white ; two black spots in the cell, four below it, and two on inner ©
margin; the basal half of costa spotted with black and white; the
white streaks on veins and in interspaces more prominent. Hind
wing orange, with two black spots in cell, one beyond and two
towards anal angle; a broad marginal black band with the veins
crossing it white. Underside with the outer area of fore wing not
white.
Larva. Head and first somite reddish, the others black with
sparse blue-black hairs ; broad yellowish-white intersomital bands
which join a lateral line ; legs and pro-legs yellowish.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Burma; Andamans. Evxp., ¢ 74, 2 78
millim.
Sror. IT. (Anagnia). Antenne of male with a tuft of scales at
middle; fore wing narrower, with the apex not covered with
down. Hind wing with a large glandular patch beyond the
end of cell, which is short.
1133. Peridrome subfascia, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 446; C.§ S. no. 539,
3. Differs from orbicularis in the fore wing having only one
black spot on the orange patch; the downy scales chestnut colour,
the apex and outer margin fuscous; the veins crossing it white.
Hind wing with a black patch in the cell, the glandular tuft beyond
brown ; the marginal area blackish crossed by the white ves; no
black spot towards anal angle. Underside with the outer area of
fore wing not white. .
VOL, I. 2K
498 HYPSID A.
@ with the orange patch of fore wing not extending so far
along inner margin.
Fig. 331.—Peridrome subfascia, §. +
Hab. Moulmein; Tenasserim. Exp., ¢ 74, 2 80 millim.
Genus HYPSA.
Hypsa, Hiibn. Verz. p. 172 (1818).
Neochera, Hiibn. Verz. p. 173 (1818).
Damalis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 172 (1818).
Lacides, Wik. Cat. 11, p. 456 (1854).
Philona, Wik. Cat.ii, p. 456 (1854).
Agape, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. evi, fig. 4, Erkl. p. i (1874).
Type. H. monycha, Cram.
Range. Africa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Malayan
and tropical portions of Australian region.
Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching vertex of head, the
third slender and variable in length. Antenne fasciculated in
male, ciliated in female. Fore wing with vein 5 from the lower
angle of cell or just above it; 6 from the upper angle or below it ;
the areole short. Hind wing with vein 5 from just above lower
angle of cell; 6 and 7 from the upper angle.
Seor. I. (Hypsa). Antenne of male with the fasciculated
cilia short.
A. Palpi with the 3rd joint of moderate length.
1134. Hypsa marmorea, Wik. Cat. vii, p. 1674; Butl. Ill. Het. v,
pl. 87, figs. 10,11; C.§ S. no. 515.
¢g. Head black and grey; thorax orange; collar banded with
black ; two black spots on each tegula and two on vertex ; abdomen
orange-yellow, with one dorsal and two paired lateral series of
black spots. Fore wing fuscous with a blue-green sheen ; the
veins white; an orange patch at base with two black spots on its
HYPSA. 499
edge. Hind wing fuscous with a blue-green sheen; the veins and
inner area white; a patch of black scales at end of cell.
Hab. Throughout N.E. India and Burma; Java. Hap. 71-82
millim.
1135. Hypsa butleri, Swink. Lep. Het. Mus. Oxon. p. 84.
Differs from marmorea in the head and thorax being more or
less suffused with white ; one black spot on each tegula and only
one on vertex of thorax. Fore wing with the ground-colour much
paler. Hind wing white, with a black spot at end of cell, and a
marginal series of detached blue-black spots. Underside with blue-
green fasciz and bands.
Hab. Moulmein; Penang. “vp. 70 millim.
1136. Hypsa dominia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pl. 263 a,B; C § S.
no. 514,
Noctua chione, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii, p. 213.
Differs from butler? in the head, thorax, and base of abdomen
being pure white. Fore wing pure white; the basal black spots
present, but no orange patch. Hind wing with the blue-green
spots produced towards the base in the interspaces below the cell.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; 8S. India; Burma; Java. Exp. 76
millim.
B. Palpi with the 3rd joint very long.
1137. Hypsa monycha, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pl. 131 ¢ (1779); C. § S.
no. 521.
Noctua dama, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii, p. 216 (1781).
Bombyx silvandra, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pl. 8369p; C. & 8. no. 525.
Hypsa intacta, Wik. Cat. i, p. 451.
Hypsa dicta, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 316,
Hypsa zebrina, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 815.
Aganais vitessoides, Snell. Tid. v. Ent. xxii, 1879, p. 78.
Hypsa nicobarica, Swinh. Lep. Mus. Oxon. p. 87.
Hypsa venalba, Moore, P. Z. S.1877, p. 598; C. § S. no. 527.
Hypsa semifusca, butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xix, p. 220.
Hypsa leuconeura, Butl. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 161.
Head, thorax, and abdomen orange; palpi with a black lateral
stripe on second joint and the third joint black; a black spot on
tegule ; a dorsal series of black spots on abdomen often expanding
into bands. Fore wing fuscous ; an indistinct basal orange patch
often suffused with fuscous, with two basal black spots and three
on its outer edge; a broad white fascia from base to lower angle of
cell; subcostal, median, and submedian nervures sometimes slightly
streaked with white. Hind wing white, with a fuscous spot at end
of cell ; a broad fuscous marginal band with irregular inner edge.
The form silvandra has the white fascia of fore wing represented
by a white spot at lower angle of cell and the marginal band of
hind wing broad. In intacta from Java the fasciais narrow, in
2K 2
500 HYPSID ®.
vitessoides from Java absent ; venalba, from the Andamans, has the
fascia very broad and extending along vein 2 nearly to outer
margin, a smaller spot at upper angle of cell; dama, from Australia
and the Solomons, has the fascia slight or absent, the spot at lower
Fig. 3382.—Hypsa monycha, S$. 1
angle of cell large ; semifusca=leuconewra, from the Solomons, has
the marginal band of hind wing very broad.
Hab. China; Formosa; N.E. India; Burma; Nicobars; Java;
Amboina; Australia; Solomons. vp. 60 millim. 3
1138. Hypsa clavata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 817; C. & S.
no. 518.
3. Differs from monycha in the palpi having a black lateral
stripe. Fore wing with the veins below the costa streaked with
white. Hind wing with a black spot in end of cell and two post-
medial spots.
Hab. Hongkong; Cachar; Sylhet. vp. 66 millim.
1139. Hypsa canaraica, Moore, P. Z. 8.1878, p.3; C. & S. no. 517.
@. Differs from clavata in being paler; the middle black basal
costal spot absent ; the white patch at end of cell large; no fascia
along inedian nervure. Hind wing with a black band connecting
the postmedial spots.
Hab. Canara; Nilgiris. Exp. 75 millim.
1140. Hypsa complana, Wk. Cat.xxxi, p. 213.
Hypsa persecta, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 317; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 100, figs. 1, l a (larva); C. & S. no. 528.
Hypsa lacteata, Buti. lil. Het. v, p. 43, pl. 87, fig, 9; CA§& S.
no. 520.
Differs from clavatain the fore wing having a large white patch
filling the lower half of cell and the whole area below except inner
margin, and extending to near outer margin, its upper edge with
two dentitions, its outer edge irregular; a large white spot at
upper angle of cell. Hind wing with the marginal band narrow;
an extra spot towards anal angle.
HYPSA. 501
Larva, Head large; sparsely hairy; dark purple-brown, the
thoracic somites pale red ; anarrow transverse yellow band on 4th
to terminal somites.
Hab. China; Sikhim; Assam; Orissa; Nilgiris; Ceylon ; Ran-
goon ; Singapore; Bouru; Timor. Lvp., $ 60-70, 2 74 millim.
1141. Hypsa tortuosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 570, pl. 33, fig. 2;
C.§ S. no. 516. ;
3. Differs from complana in the head and thorax being deeper
orange; collar outlined with black; tegule with a black streak.
Fore wing with the basal orange patch larger and deeper in colour
with more black spots on it; an exceedingly irregular white band
from the costa to inner margin. Hind wing white, with a black
spot at end of cell, asubmarginal spot, and two towards anal angle ;
a marginal series of eight spots.
Hab. Sikhim. Ewp. 72 millim.
1142. Hypsa heliconia, Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, 2, p. 839; C.§ S. no. 519.
Noctua paphos, abr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 18; C. § S. no. 622.
Differs from monycha in the basal orange patch of the fore wing
being prominent but not extending to the costa, the black spots
edged with white; the veins streaked with white; a white stripe
along inner margin. Hind wing white, with a large black spot at
end of cell, one beyond, and one below vein 2 ; a marginal black band,
broad at apex and bent inwards between veins 1} and 2, leaving a
white spot on the margin.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Burma; Siam; Singapore ; Borneo ;
Ceram; New Guinea. £vxp. 68 millim.
1143. Hypsa subsimilis, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p. 212; C.§S. no. 526.
Differs from monycha in having the ground-colour of the hind
wing yellow.
Hab. Tenasserim; Malacca; Singapore. xp. 64 millim.
1144, Hypsa egens, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 453; Butl. Ill. Het. v, pl. 87,
fic.8; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pl. xiti, fig. 7 (larva); C. & S.
no. 531,
Hypsa nebulosa, Butl. Tr. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 822; C. § S. no, 533.
Orange-yellow ; the head, thorax, and abdomen marked as in
monycha. Fore wing with five black spots near the base ; the
veins streaked with yellow.
Larva brown ; numerous small dorsal warts from which arise
sparse hairs ; large prominences on 4th and 11th somites; a sub-
lateral dark line and lateral series of dark spots; head reddish.
Hab. Formosa; throughout N.E. India and Burma; Siam ;
Singapore ; Philippines; Borneo; Java; Celebes. Lxp., 5 46-64,
2 74 millim.
502 HYPSID #.
1145. Hypsa andamana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 598, pl. 59, fig. 5;
C. § S. no. 529.
3. Differs from egens in having an extra black spot at middle
of cell of fore wing ; the interspaces beyond and below streaked
with fuscous.
Hab. Andamans. Exp. 67 millim.
1146. Hypsa concana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 4; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pl. 182, fig.7; C. & S. no. 530.
@. Differs from egens in having a black spot on the metathorax.
Fore wing with a waved antemedial white line, with an extra black
spot inside it near inner margin; two white spots at end of cell.
Hind wing with a black spot at end of cell; an elongate spot below
vein 2; a postmedial series from beyond the cell to near anal angle,
with a series of whitish lunules beyond them. Cilia of both wings
white.
Hab. Canara; Nilgiris. Hep. 76 millim.
1147. Hypsa javana, Cram. Pap. Evot. iii, pl. 274c; C. & S. no. 582.
3g. Head and thorax yellow with the usual black spots ; abdo-
men black above, the extremity orange-yellow, the ventral surface
yellow with paired sublateral series of black spots. Fore wing
yellow; a brown patch occupying the whole wing except the base,
which is spotted with black, and the costa and outer area: a large
round white spot in centre of cell; an oval spot at end. Hind
wing brown; a broad marginal yellow band.
Hab. Moulmein; Java. Exp. 66 millim.
1148. Hypsa alciphron, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, p. 1335; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pl. 102, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 (larva); C. & S. no. 528.
Noctua carice, Fubr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 27.
Hypsa plaginota, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 320; C. & S.
no, O54.
Head, thorax, and abdomen marked as in monycha; palpi with
black spots on Ist and 2nd joints. Fore wing brownish fuscous ;
a basal orange patch with two subbasal black spots and a series of
three on its outer edge; the veins streaked with white; a white
spot at lower angle of cell. Hind wing orange-yellow; a black
spot at end of cell, one beyond, one below vein 2, and a submarginal
irregular series which sometimes becomes a nearly complete mar-
ginal band, the veins crossing it yellow.
The variety plaginota has the white spot at end of cell of fore
wing large. The form from New Guinea and the neighbouring
groups of islands is darker and brighter.
Larva black above, brown below ; two dorsal white bands, a
HWYPSA. 503
subdorsal black spot on each somite; a series of lateral black
specks ; sparse black hairs; the head red.
Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Penang; Java;
Amboina; Ceram; New Guinea; New Hebrides ; Solomons ;
New Ireland. Ewp., ¢ 62-67, 2 72-76 millim.
1149. Hypsa sericea, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p.3; C. § S. no. 536.
¢. Differs from alctphron in having a black spot on inner margin
at edge of the orange patch. Hind wing with broad black fascie in
and below cell from the base to the postmedial spots ; the marginal
black band complete ; the veins crossing it yellow.
Hab. Bombay; Poona; Canara; Nilgiris. Hap. 60 millim.
1150. Hypsa producta, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p.
520; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 101, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 larva); C. g& Sin
a)
QD}
0. 059,
Hypsa strigivenata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 821; C. § 8.
no. 537.
Differs from alciphron in the basal orange patch of fore wing
extending further along the costa, with an extra black spot on the
costa.
The form strigivenata has the orange and brown colours darker.
Larva. Head large; a series of dorsal tubercles from 4th to
terminal somite; purplish brown with sparse hairs, the thoracic
somites pale above; some pale lateral spots ; a dorsal black line ;
oblique dorsal streaks on somites seven to ten.
Hab. Sikhim; Assam; 8S. India; Ceylon; Burma; Penang ;
Sumatra. Hup., 5 56, 9 80 millim.
C. (Philona). Palpi with the 3rd joint very short.
1151. Hypsa inops, Wik. Cat. ii, p. 457; Butl. Lil. Het. v, pl. 87,
tig. 6; C. § 8. no. 541.
Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow; the third jomt of
palpi black; tegule and metathorax each with a black spot ; abdo-
men with a series of dorsal black spots, some of which are often
obsolete. Fore wing pale fuscous, the veins white; a basal yellow
patch spotted with black. Hind wing yellow with an apical black
band ; cilia of both wings tipped with white.
Hab. Sikhim; Sylhet; Cachar; Ndgas; Burma; Philippines.
Exp. 56 millim.
1152. Hypsa privata, Wik. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 100.
Philona cinerascens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 598, pl. 59, fig. 6;
C. & S. no. 540.
Differs from inops in the hind wing being white with a marginal
black band.
Hab. Burma; Andamans, Borneo, Nias; Flores; Philippines.
Exp. 52 millim.
504 HYPSID ®.
Secr. II. (Lacides). Male with the fasciculated cilia of
antenne long; 3rd joint of palpi long.
1153. Hypsa ficus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 27; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl. 100, fig. 2; Forsayeth, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 397 (larva) ;
C. §& S. no. 538.
Head, thorax, and abdomen marked as in monycha, except that the
third joint of palpi is grey tipped with black; the base of tegulee
yellow with a black spot; dorsal spots of abdomen often almost
obsolete. Fore wing with a yellow basal patch which extends
along costa and in cell to two thirds length of cell, with an orange
spot outlined with black on the costa, and streaks in the cell and on
inner margin, two black spots on costa, two in cell, one on inner
margin, and two lines across interno- median interspace ; the rest of
wing pale red-brown, the veins streaked with yellow. Hind wing
bright orange-yellow ; a black spot at end of cell and a submarginal
irregular series.
Larva. Head black; somites dark velvety brown, with slight
white hairs arising from red papille; lateral yellow patches on
4th to 11th somites.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon. Lap., g 58, 9 64 millim.
Genus DIGAMA.
Digama, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 297 (1859).
Sommeria, Hiibn. Zutr. ii, p. 15 (1825, gen. non descr.).
Homeeognatha, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep. pl. evi, figs. 20, 21, Lrki. p. 5
(1874).
Type, D. hearseyana, Moore.
Range. 8. Africa; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Australia.
Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching vertex of head, the third
long. Fore wing rather short and square; vein 5 from just above
lower angle of cell; 6 from just below the upper angle; 7 and 10
from a short areole. Hind wing with vein 5 from above lower
angle of cell; 6 and 7 stalked.
Srcr. I. Antenne of male slightly ciliated ; hind wing with tufts
of modified scales on median nervure and yein | 6.
1154. Digama burmana, n. sp.
Head and thorax brownish fuscous; palpi with a black spot at
end of each of the three joints; collar with paired black spots.
Abdomen orange-yellow, with dorsal and lateral series of black
spots. Fore wing fuscous ; the basal half streaked with vinous
brown in the interspaces; a highly dentate submarginal band; a
marginal series of specks ; black spots at base and middle, and two
DIGAMA. 505
at end of cell. Hind wing orange-yellow, the apex suffused with
fuscous ; some specks on apical half of outer margin.
Hab. Myingyan, Burma (Watson). Exp., 3 30, 2 32 millim.
Type in B. M.
Seor. II. (Digama). Antenne of male with fasciculated cilia.
1155. Digama hearseyana, Moore, Lep. EL. I. Cb. p. 298, pl. 7 a, fizs. 3,
3a; C.§.S8. no. 549.
Digama similis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p.5; C. §& S. no. 553.
Head, thorax, and abdomen marked as in burmana. Fore wing
pale fuscous clouded with duller fuscous ; the basal half of wing
spotted with black, four spots on costa, three in cell, three in
interno-median interspace, and two on inner margin; very irregular
dentate submarginal and marginal fuscous bands. Hind wing
orange-yellow, with fuscous marginal patches at apex and vein 2
in the form similis; the underside of some specimens with a black
spot at end of cell.
Hab. Throughout India and Ceylon. wp. 36 millin.
Szor. ILI. (Sommeria). Antenne of male bipectinated, the terminal
one-fifth ciliated. Fore wing with a fold on inner margin on
upperside.
1156. Digama insulana, Feld. Verh. sool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1868, p. 285;
C. & S. no. 550,
Differs from hearseyana in the collar being without spots. Fore
wing without the fuscous suffusion or bands ; the third costal black
spot from base, and the second in the interno-median interspace,
absent. Hind wing with some fuscous on outer margin at veins
2 and 3.
Hab. Ganjam ; Nilgiris; Ceylon. vp. 32 millim.
1157. Digama fasciata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 362; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 100, fig. 4; C. & S. no. 547.
@. Head, thorax, and abdomen as in insvlana, except that the
patagia have each a black streak. Fore wing greyish fuscous ;
three black strigze on the costa; two spots in the cell; the disco-
cellulars black; three spots in interno-median interspace ; a large
subbasal spot above inner margin and two small spots beyond it ;
a spot beyond lower angle of cell; a curved irregular submarginal
band. Hind wing orange-yellow.
Hab, Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.
1158. Digama marchali, Guér. Voy. Deless., Hist. Nat. p. 91, pl. 26,
Het, AS (C1 Sp Shims Gayl
Digama nebulosa, Wilk. Cat. xxxi, p. 238; C. § S. no. 552.
Digama marchalii, var. intermedia, Ampsn. Ill. Het. viii, p. 47.
Digama figurata, Moore, P. ZS. 1878, p.5; C.§ 8S. no. 548.
506 HYPSID &.
Head, thorax, and fore wing greyish white; the collar, tegule,
and thorax spotted with fuscous; abdomen orange-yellow, with
dorsal and lateral series of black spots. Fore wing with some
Fig. 3383.—Digama marchali, 3. }.
short fuscous streaks near the base; an irregular antemedial
band; a black spot at centre of cell and one on discocellulars ;
a postmedial fuscous band excurved round end of cell; traces of
a submarginal band. Hind wing orange-yellow.
The form intermedia has submarginal and marginal prominent
bands to fore wing; hind wing with a dark marginal speck at
vein 2. Figurata has nearly the whole fore wing suffused with
fuscous, leaving some grey at base and end of cell, a postmedial
band, and slight submarginal streaks. Hind wing with irregular
fuscous marks on outer margin.
Hab. Bombay ; throughout S. India and Burma. Exp. 38
millim.
Species formerly recorded as Indian which is omitted.
Hypsa plana, W1k., C. & 8. no. 524, is from Java only.
ERRATUM.
Page 12, line 10, for “divided into three plumes” read “ divided into six
plumes.”
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
abdominalis (Euproctis),
472.
abjecta (Euproctis), 482.
aboé (Phassus), 318.
abruptus (Cossus), 314.
acaciusalis (Rhodoneura),
356.
Acanthopsyche, 293.
Acherontia, 67.
Acherontiins, 66.
acinea (Messata), 61.
aconyta (Metanastria),
408.
Acosmeryx, 81.
acronyctoides
305.
actea (Syntomis), 222,
actea (Theretra), 100.
Actias, 13.
acuta (Turnaca), 137.
acuta (Zonilia), 91.
acutipennis (Causto-
loma), 367.
adala (Altha), 397.
adalifa (Chalcosia), 265.
Addea, 353.
Adixoa, 198.
Adlullia, 470.
adolphei (Bombyx), 59.
zedea (Heterusia), 262.
igeria, 196.
egrota (Pergesa), 91.
znescens (Hupterote),
aad
(Cossus),
zsculi (Zeuzera), 310.
affictitia (Macroglossa),
113.
affinis (Bombyx), 37.
affinis (Chalcosia), 266.
affinis (Hupterote), 54.
affinis (Syntomis), 223.
afghana (Zygena), 231.
Agalope, 282.
Aganopis, 496.
Agape, 498.
Agaristidz, 11.
aglea (Danais), 277.
Agnidra, 333.
Akesina, 286.
alba (Cispia), 493.
alba (Teldenia), 332.
Albara, 333.
albapex (Syntomis),
214
albata (Chalcosia), 265.
albatalis (Dixoa), 355.
albescens (Dasychira),
449.
albescens (Rasicota),
304.
albescens (Stauropus),
149.
albibasis _ (Polyploca),
184.
albicans (Megasoma),
405.
albicans (Triptogon), 69.
albicinctum (Piarosoma),
243.
albicollis (Naprepa), 35.
albicosta (Polyploca),
184
albidisca (Polyploca),
183.
albifascia
162.
albifascia (Pantana), 445.
albifascia (Pidorus), 255.
(Notodonta),
albifasciata (Spatalia),
170.
albifrons (Syntomis),
216.
albifurca (Dysodia), 369.
albifusum (Ceratonema),
394.
albigutta (Arguda), 414.
albimacula (Gargetta),
136.
albimacula (Histia), 280.
albipars (Sangatissa), 63.
albipes (Psyche), 298.
albipuncta (Miresa), 386.
albipuncta (Oreta), 349.
albipuncta (Parasa), 390.
albipuncta (Macrotar-
sipus), 194.
albistriga (Ramesa), 143.
albivertex (Stauropus),
152.
albodentata (Euproctis),
481.
albofasciata (Azygo-
phleps), 309.
albofasciatus (Phassus),
321.
albolunulata (Lyman-
tria), 461.
albonotata (Drepana),
340.
albopunctata (Euproctis),
481.
albostriata | (Mardara),
455.
albus (Imaus), 467.
alciphron (Hypsa), 502.
alecto (Chzerocampa), 85.
aliris (Amesia), 272.
Allata, 168.
Alompra, 417.
alompra (Heterusia), 260.
Alophogaster, 287.
alterata (Eupterote), 56.
alterna (Adixoa), 198.
alternata (Nemacerota),
185.
alternata (Rhodoneura),
362.
alternus (Stauropus), 149.
Altha, 396.
Aluceitids, 12.
Amatissa, 292.
Ambadra, 136.
aniboinz (Acrosema),
134,
Ambulycine, 75.
Ambulyx, 77.
Amesia, 272.
Amicta, 297.
ameena (Kuchromia),
228.
Ampelophaga, 83.
ampla (Lymantria), 460.
ampla (Metunastria),
410.
508
ampla (Suana), 406.
Amydona, 421.
anachoreta (Ichthyura),
172.
anada (Dreata), 60.
Anagnia, 496
anastomosis (Ichthyura),
172.
ancea (Acosmeryx), 81.
anceoides (Acosmeryx),
82.
anchora (Pterodecta),
325.
Anehyneura, 447.
ancilla (Naclia), 226.
andamana (Antherza),
20.
andamana (Hypsa), 502.
andamana (Mahasena),
301.
andamana_ (Triptogon),
69.
andamanus (Daphnis),
96.
Andyraca, 40.
Angonyx, 101.
angulalis (Hypolam-
prus), 366.
angulifera (Lelia), 441.
anguligera (Huproctis),
476.
anguligera (Polyploca),
183.
anna (Saturnia), 22.
annulata (Hypereschra),
176.
Anomeeotes, 286.
Antherza, 18.
anthereata (Tagora), 57.
Antheua, 145.
Anthrenoptera, 190.
antica (Arestha), 453.
antica (Dasychira), 469.
antica (Euproctis), 472,
479.
antivalis
307.
Anticyra, 144.
Antipha, 471, 494.
antiphates (Huproctis),
478.
antiqua (Orgyia), 436.
Anzabe, 577.
Apela, 168.
aperiens (Syntomis), 221.
aperiens (Thosea), 378.
aperta (Hyperthyris),
on
JIU.
Apha, 51.
Aphendala, 377.
(Rhodoneura),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
apicale (Idonauton), 392.
apicalis (Arna), 484.
apicalis (Kuproctis), 478.
apicalis (Fentonia), 148.
apicalis (Gunda), 36.
apicalis (Ocinara), 35.
apicalis (Pida), 457.
apicalis (Sphetta), 176.
apicalis (Stauropus),
51.
apicata (Belippa), 400.
apiforme (Trochilium),
188.
Apocalypsis, 107.
ea (Argyris),
Apona, 52.
Aprata, 303.
approximata (Anticyra),
453.
approximata (Syntomis),
210.
apsara (Gazalina), 468.
apus (Macroglossa), 120.
aquila (Macroglossa),
119.
Arachotia, 245.
Areocera, 244.
Arogyia, 394.
Arbela, 314.
Arbelidx, 314.
Arbudas, 257.
Arctiidae, yk
ardens (Microsca), 359.
arenacea (Huproctis), 476.
arenosa (Phalera), 154.
Arestha, 447.
arga (Dasychira), 448.
Argema, 13,
argentata
265.
argentata (Spatalia), 170.
argentea (Himala), 468.
(Chaleosia),
argentea (Ichthyura),
176.
argenteipuncta (Habro-
syne), 179.
argenteola (Drepana),
308.
argentifera (Callidre-
pana), 339.
argentifera (Fentonia),
147.
argentifera (Miresa), 386.
argentifera (Spatalia),
169.
argentilinea (Drepana),
339.
argentilinea (Parasa),
389
argentina (Spatalia), 166.
Arguda, 412.
argyrosigna (Oreesia),
176.
argyrospila (Oresia), 176.
argyrospila (Trypano-
phora), 249.
ariel (Hphemeroidea),
242.
Aristhala, 36.
armata (Habrosyne),
179.
Arna, 471.
Aroa, 437. :
arracanensis (Bombyx),
Arrundi moth, 17.
Artaxa, 470.
artina (Syntomis), 210.
Artona, 234.
arundinis (Bombyx), 313.
aryama (lLymantvia),
460.
ascetria (Lymantria),
462.
Aschistophleps, 200.
asclepiades (Sphingo-
gnatha), 47.
asiaticus (Hyloicus),
123.
asiliformis (Sphinx), 123.
asiliformis (Thyris),
206.
asoka (Zygzena), 230,
aspersata (Charocampa),
93.
assama (Antherea), 20.
assamensis (Chzro-
campa), 90.
assimilis (Hupterote),
5d.
assimilis _ (Macroglos-
sum), 1
astaroth (Lenyra), 205.
astarte (Melittia), 202.
asylas (Zeuzera), 314.
aterea (Syntomis), 223.
atestacea (Laelia), 443.
Sisto (Campylotes),
275.
atkinsoni (Herimba),
325.
atkinsoni (Sciapteron),
192.
atkinsoni (Syntomis),
212.
atkinsoni (‘Trypano-
phora), 249
Atkinsonia, 207.
atlas (Attacus), 15.
atomaria (Huproctis),
484, 494.
atratus (Pidorus), 255.
atratus (Pterothysanus),
431.
atrella (Aroa), 439.
atripunctalis (Rhodo-
neura), 30.
atrofusa (Lophopteryx),
66.
atropos (Acherontia), 67.
atrostriatus (Hypolam-
prus), 365
Attacus, 15.
attenuata (Callidula),
324.
aurantiaca (Charnidas),
439.
aurantiaca (Euproctis),
485.
aurantifascia (Aroa), 440.
aurata (Pydna), 141.
auratus (Phassus), 321.
auricincta (Callizygeena),
249.
auricollum
198.
aurifera (Pergesa), 91.
auriflua (Eupterote), 56,
auriflua (Porthesia), 484,
auripennis (Ambulyx),
(Adixoa),
auripes (Ichneumeno-
ptera), 194.
auritractata (Spatalia),
170.
aurodisca (Thyrassia),
aurofasciata (Gaurena),
181.
aurogrisea (Scopelodes),
374
aurora (Lymantria), 464.
austeni (Syntomis), 218.
australinda (Cyclosia),
270.
automedon (Chzrocam-
pa), 90.
Auzata, 331.
avicula (Macroglossa),
116.
eee Salo 309.
Babula, 296.
baizea (Syntomis), 222.
Balateea, 234.
Bambalina, 292.
bandura (Cania), 396.
Banisia, 355.
Baradesa, 131.
Barandra, 300.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX,
Barhona, 459.
Baryaza, 446,
basalis (Agalope), 282.
basalis (Amydona), 421.
basalis (Anomceotes),
286.
basalis (Antipha), 452.
basalis (Huproctis), 483.
basalis (Heterocampa),
143.
basalis (Hypereschra),
164.
basalis (Natada), 402.
basalis (Perina), 486.
basalis (Pheosia), 159.
basalis (Risoba), 186.
basiflava (Chelura), 284.
basifurea (Cnethocam-
pa), 445.
basimaculata (Philopa-
tor), 282.
basiniger (Stauropus),
153.
basistriga (Hyper-
zschra), 164.
basistriga (Pydna), 142.
basivitta (Olene), 452.
bastialis (Rhodoneura),
357.
batis (Thyatira), 180.’
Baziza, 437.
beatrix (Lymantria),
463,
Belyorea, 396.
belia (Macroglossa), 114.
Belippa, 399.
belis (Macroglossa), 113.
Bembina, 470.
bengalensis (Bombyx),
37
bengalensis (Macroglos-
sa), 115. -
berberisze (Stauropus),
150.
berinda (Syntomis), 219.
Besaia, 171.
bhaga (Daphnis), 96.
bhana (Dasychira), 451,
Bharetta, 415.
bhascara (Lymantria),
461.
bheroba (Arguda), 413.
Bhima, 404.
bhira (Lasiocampa), 410.
bicarinatus (Aspidiotus),
95.
bicincta (Syntomis), 213.
bicolor (Arbudas), 257.
bicolor (Calpe), 176.
bicolor (Leucophlebia),
70.
509
bicolor (Pantana), 444.
bicolor (Parasa), 390.
bifascia (Euproctis), 475.
bifasciata (Calpe), 176.
bifasciata (Chelura), 283.
bifasciata (Rhopalo-
psyche), 112.
bigutta (Euproctis), 472.
bigutta (Genusa), 494.
bilinea (Cania), 395.
bilineata (Ambulyx), 80.
bilineata (Drapetodes),
302,
bimaculata (Huproctis),
472.
bimaculata
406.
binghami (Isbarta), 276.
Bintha, 234.
biocellata (Sphetta), 176.
biceularis (Drepana),
338.
bipars (Acanthopsyche),
293.
(Lebeda),
bipars (Chadisra), 159.
bipars (Tasema), 236.
bipartita (Euproctis),
482.
bipuncta (Rhodoneura),
360.
bipnnetapex (Euproctis),
484.
bipunctata (Andraca),
40.
Bireta, 138.
Birnara, 443.
Birthama, 384.
Birtina, 256.
bisecta (Chzrocampa),
bivittata (Lymantria),
466.
bivittata (Striglina),
354.
bivittata (Zeuzera), 310.
blanchardi (Syntomis),
29)
bobi (Phalera), 154.
boerhaviz (Sphinx), 86.
boisduvali (Saturnia),
23.
Bombycidex, 31.
bombylans (Macroglossa),
116
bombyliformis (Melittia),
204.
Bombyx, 32.
Boradia, 286.
Brachartona, 233.
Brachycyttarus, 295.
Brachylia, 805.
510
brachypecten
moides), 211.
Brachytera, 54.
(Synto-
bracteata (Drepana), 338.
bracteata (Miresa), 387.
bracteata (Rhodoneura),
363.
brahma (Bombyx), 410.
Brahmeza, 29.
Brahmeide, 29.
brevilinea (Tetraphleps),
383.
brevivitta (Artaxa), 473.
brotea (Porthetria), 494.
brunnea (Fentonia), 148.
brunnescens (Dasychira),
450.
bubastus (Sphinx), 128.
bubo (Zenzera), 307.
bucephala (Phalera),
153.
buddha (Bombyx), 410.
burmana (Cricula), 28.
burmana (Digama), 504.
busiris (Cheerocampa),
89.
butleri (Hypsa), 499.
butus (Charocampa),
95.
cachara (Saturnia), 24.
cadambee (Cossus), 306.
Cadphises, 275.
Cadrusia, 447.
cenosa (Lelia), 440.
eerulea (Trisuloides),
494.
cxruleimicans (Scia-
pteron), 192.
caliginosa (Kupterote),
54
caligramma (Mardara),
455.
Caligula, 21.
Callamesia, 277.
Callartona, 233.
Callidrepana, 333.
Callidula, 323.
Callidulide, 322.
Callitomis, 224.
Callizygzena, 248.
Caltura, 492.
Calymnia, 76.
Camadena, 366.
camelaria (Lopho-
pteryx), 166.
Camptochilus, 351.
Campylotes, 274.
cana (Acanthopsyche),
2
cana (Thosea), 378.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
canaraica (Eupterote),
58
canaraica (Hypsa), 500.
Candyba, 397.
Canephorine, 302.
Canerces, 281.
Canerkes, 281.
canescens (Lymantria),
152.
Cania, 395.
canities (Phineca), 149.
canningii (Attacus), 16.
capensis (Duomitus),
314.
cara (Lymantria), 462.
Caragola, 489.
cardinalis (Lelia), 442.
cardinalis (Milleria), 264.
caricee (Noctua), 502.
carneculor (Lymantria),
462.
carneola (Barhona), 465.
carneola (Boradia), 286.
Casama, 445.
Caschara, 168.
cashmirensis (Apona),
52.
cashmirensis
305.
cashmirensis (Zygzna),
« 0
(Cossus),
castanea (Arzogyia), 395.
castanea (Chzerocampa),
92.
castanea (Mustilia), 38.
castanea (Odonestis), 426.
castanea (Oreta), 350.
castanez (Phrag-
matecia), 313.
castaneiceps (Spatulifim-
bria), 391.
castanelpars
396.
castanoptera (Eupterote),
4
(Altha),
castanoptera (Taragama),
405.
Castniide, 10.
Castorura, 208.
castrensis (Clisiocampa),
417
catamita (Cleosiris), 522.
catapyrrha (Macro-
glossa), 117.
catocalina (TLrisuloides),
494,
catoxantha
tona), 233.
caudatus (Himanto-
pterus), 288.
Caviria, 489.
(Brachar-
Ceira, 138, 140.
Celeia, 168.
celerio (Chzrocampa), 87.
celsa (Euproctis), 472.
cephica (Natada), 581.
Cephonodes, 120.
ceramicus (Duomitus),
307.
Ceratocampide, 9.
Ceratocorema, 200.
Ceratonema, 393.
cerbera (Syntomis), 228.
certhia (Brahmea), 29,
31.
Cerura, 155.
cervina (Basiana), 80.
cervina (Cifuna), 447.
cervina (HKuproctis), 475.
cervina (Naprepa), 39.
cervina (Palirisa), 46.
cervina (Repena), 442.
cervina (Saana), 406.
cervina (Thosea), 379.
cervinaria (Erosia), 343.
ceylanica (Orgyia), 456.
ceylanica (Triptogon),
69
Chadisra, 159.
Chesrocampa, 84.
Cherocampine, 81.
Cherotricha, 470.
Chalcidica, 307.
chalciformis (Melittia),
204.
Chalcocelis, 392.
Chaleosia, 264.
Chalcosiinz, 246.
Chalia, 301.
Chaliine, 300.
Chalioides, 299.
chalybea (Sura), 206.
chalybeatus (Phassus),
320.
champa (Moma), 177.
Charnidas, 440.
Chatamla, 289.
Chatra, 408.
Chazena, 34.
cheela (Cnethocampa),
64.
cheela (Eutricha), 409.
Chelura, 283.
Cheromettia, 399.
cherra (Syntomis), 220.
Chilena, 416.
chione (Noctua), 499.
chiron (Sphinx), 108.
chlorocera (Syntomis),
218.
chloroptera (Dasychira),
450.
chordigera (Oligoclona),
469.
chortoclora (Cyphanta),
175.
Chrysartona, 282.
chrysolopha (Gazalina),
469
chrysorrhcea (Euproctis),
71.
cicada (Beterusia), 252.
cidosa (Saturnia), 23.
Cifuna, 446.
Cilix, 347.
cinctata (Dasychira),
449
cinerascens (Philona),
cinerea (Acosmeryx), 82.
cinerea (Argyris), 352.
cinerea (Nemacerota),
185.
cingala (Heterusia), 262.
cingalesa (Antherea), 18.
cinnamomea (Aroa),
439.
cinnamomea (Bharetta),
415.
cinnamomea (Eupterote),
4
circe (Pidorus), 255.
circinata (Soritia), 253.
circumdata (Genusa),
444.
circumdatus
254.
Cispia, 492.
citrina (Artaxa), 473.
citrina (Eupterote), 62.
citrinula (Dreata), 64.
Clania, 291.
Clanis, 77.
clara (Aroa), 439.
clara (Caviria), 490.
claralis (Letchena), 357.
clavata (Hypsa), 500.
Cleapa, 171.
Clelea, 239.
Cleosiris, 322.
clerodendronella (Cide-
matopoda), 207.
Clisiocampa, 417.
clotho (Sphinx), 93.
Cnethocampa, 64.
Cobaniila, 347.
coccinea (Snellenia), 207.
Codane, 268.
coffese (Zeuzera), 312.
cognata (Thyatira), 180.
collaris (Bombyx), 59.
colon (Charnidas), 442.
columbaris (Mustilia), 39.
(Pidorus),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
combinata (Euproctis),
combusta
145.
cometaris (Histia), 280.
comma (Leucoma), 487.
comparata (Genusa),
(Anticyra),
comparata (Themaca),
476.
complana (Hypsa), 500.
complens (Lacida), 478.
complicata (Dasychira),
447.
compressa (Bombyx),
347.
concana (Hypsa), 502.
conchifera (Brahma),
concolor
462.
concolor (Pseudosphinx),
6.
(Lymantria),
concolor (Suana), 406.
conferta (Zeuzera), 310.
confinis (Syntomis), 223.
confluens (Risoba), 186.
confusa (Artona), 236.
congruens (Melittia), 205.
conjuncta (Natada), 381.
consanguis (Ambulyx),77.
consimilis (Hupterote),
55.
consorta (Amatissa), 292.
conspersa (Aphendala),
402.
conspersa (Narosa), 398.
contaminata (Altha), 398.
oH ee ( Eupterote),
contermina (Syntomis),
Contheyla, 384.
contracta (Anthreno-
ptera), 190.
contracta (Scopelodes),
375.
convergens (Natada),
esl.
convolvuli (Protoparce),
Sonne, 268.
cornucopia (Ingura),
176.
corticalis (Hupodonta),
161.
corusca (Chalcosia), 266.
corythus (Macroglossa),
115.
cosmiana (Susica), 381.
Cossidx, 304.
511
cossoides (Phalera), 134.
Cossus, 305.
costalis (Caviria), 491.
costalis (Huproctis), 478.
costalis (Lymantria), 460.
costalis (Spatalia), 170.
costicomma (Ichthyura),
173.
costigera (Gargetta), 135.
cotesi (Thosea), 380.
crameri (Clania), 291.
erategi (Trichiura), 420.
cretica (Sphinx), 85.
creusa (Huchromia), 228.
creusa (Syntomis), 219.
Cricula, 28.
Crinocraspeda, 420.
crispa (‘Tetraphleps), 383.
cristata (Triptogon), 69.
cristatrix (Ingura), 176.
crocea (Danais), 276.
creesi (Bombyx), 32.
Cryptothelea, 291.
cunninghami (Macro-
glossa), 120.
cuprea (Amatissa), 292.
cuprea (Isbarta), 277.
cuprea (Miresa), 381.
cuprea (Tascia), 237.
cuprealis (Rhodoneura),
361.
cupreata (Ichthyura),
173.
cupreatus (Heteropan),
256.
cupreipennis (Hupterote),
4.
cupreipennis (Syntomis),
210.
cupreipennis (Tinthia),
199.
cupreivitta (Sciapteron),
93.
cupreum (Lophosoma),
cuprina (Polyploca), 184.
curvaria (Gargetta), 136.
curvata (Cnethocampa),
445,
cyanea (Pintia), 259.
cyanescens (Arzocera),
244,
eyaniris (Cephonodes),
123.
cyanivena (Milleria), 263.
cyanocera (Phacusa), 241.
Cyclidia, 327.
Cyclosia, 269.
cygna (Caviria), 489.
eygna (Redoa), 487.
Cymatoph ride, 177.
512
cymbicornis (Redoa), 488.
cynniris (Cephonodes),
123.
cynthia (Attacus), 16.
Cypa, 71.
Cyphanta, 174.
cyrtolophia (Pseudo-
sphinx), 105.
cyssea (Syntomis), 218.
cysseoides (Syntomis),
213.
Dactylorhyncha, 470.
Dahira, 77.
dahlii (Dilephila), 99.
dalbergiz (Dasychira),
453.
dama (Noctua), 499.
Damalis, 498.
damascena (Leucophle-
bia), 75.
Damata, 156.
damodara (Cerura), 155.
damor (Phassus), 319.
daos (Idiopsis), 277.
Daphnis, 94.
Daphnusa, 72.
Daplasa, 458.
Dappula, 290.
Dasaratha .294.
Dasychira, 447.
Datanga, 325.
dea (Arbela), 315.
decedens (Miresa), 387.
decemyena (Psyche), 800.
decisa (Lasiocampa),
495,
decolor (Cypa), 71.
decorata (Cypa), 71.
decorata (Hupterote),
55.
decorata. (Thyatira), 180.
decurrens (Pydna), 139.
decurtata (Arguda), 414.
decussata (Chzerotricha),
479.
decussata
354.
Deilephila, 97.
deliaria (Argvris), 351.
delineata (Genusa), 444.
delphiaria (Argyris),
352.
Dendrocera, 281.
Dendrophleps, 491.
denotata (Drymonia),
176, 445.
dentata (Cetola), 176.
dentata (Hypereeschra),
165.
dentata (Parasa), 391.
(Striglina),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX,
dentatus (Polyptychus),
69
denticulata (Trizna),
176.
denticulosa (Rhodo-
neura), 357.
dentilinea (Stauropus),
150.
derasa
178.
Deroca, 544.
desgodinsi (Campylotes),
275. -
desgodinsi, var. splendida
(Campylotes), 275.
detecta (Baziza), 439.
detersa (Enome), 460.
deucalion (Ambulyx),
80.
Devanica, 259.
devestita (Lelia), 441.
dharma (Gangarides),
42.
dharma (Parasa), 388.
Diabasis, 303.
diabolica (Eupterote),
54
(Habrosyne),
diana (Chalcosia), 265.
dianz (Plectropteron),
13.
diaphana (Hctrocta), 33.
diaphana (Goé), 242.
diaphana (Leucoma),
488.
diapbana (Ocinara), 54.
diaphana (Syntomis),
216
dica (Redoa), 490.
Diecranura, 157.
dicta (Hypsa), 499.
dictzea (Pheosia), 160.
didyma (Sphinx), 108.
diffusa (Eupterote), 59.
Digama, 504.
digramma (Artaxa),
AT:
digramma (Euproctis),
AG
dilectula (Ocinara), 34,
Dilephila, 97.
Diludia, 104.
diminuta (Procotes),
239.
Dinara, 144.
diptera (Syntomis), 228.
discalis (Antheua), 145.
discalis (Aroa), 437.
discinota (Huproctis),
479.
discinota (Paravetta),
176.
discinota (Syntomis),
216.
discispilaria (Drepana),
36.
discistriga (Pseudo-
sphinx), 105.
discivitta (Artona), 284.
discivitta (Heracula),
459.
discordans (Eupterote),
56.
discrepans (Tagora), 58.
discriminis (Clelea),
240.
disjuncta (Lymantria),
449
dispar (Pantana), 444.
disparalis (Rhodoneura),
360.
dispersa (Artaxa), 474.
disrupta (Metaschalis),
_ 158.
disrupta (Syntomis),
215.
dissimilis (Eupterote),
55,
distineta (Chalcosia),
267.
Ditrigona, 331.
divaricata (Aphendala),
380.
divaricata (Gastropacha),
29.
divergens (Macroglossa),
divergens (Thosea), 380.
diversipennis (Risoba),
186.
divisa (Apela), 168.
divisa (Dasychira), 452.
divisa (Euproctis), 471.
divisa (Hyboma), 176.
divisa (Leucoma), 488.
divisa (Odonestis), 426.
divisa (Ramesa), 143.
divisa (Syntomis), 215,
Dixoa, 395.
deenia (Narosa), 399.
dohertyi (Eleysma), 285.
dohertyi (Himanto-
pterus), 288.
dolichoides (Ampelo-
phaga), 84.
dolichus (Elibia), 100.
dolosa (Pandala), 43.
dolosa (Phacusa), 240.
dominia (Hypsa), 499.
dorsalis (Taragama),
405.
dorsatiformis (Melittia),
205.
doubledayi (Chalia),
301.
ores (Cheerocampa),
Drapetodes, 346.
drataraja (Heterusia),
262,
Dreata, 44.
Drepana, 333.
drepanoides (Cricula),
29.
Drepanulide, 326.
dromedarius (Noto-
donta), 162.
dubia (Polyploca), 183.
Dudusa, 128.
dulcis (Heterusia), 261.
Duomitus, 307.
duplex (Drepana), 339.
duplexa (Thosea), 379.
Dura, 466.
Durdara, 355.
duvauceli (Psichotoé),
226.
dyras (Polyptychus), 69.
Dysauxes, 226.
Dysodia, 368.
Ketrocta, 33.
edocla (Heterusia), 261.
edwardsi (Attacus), 16.
egens (Hypsa), 501.
ejecta (Notodonta), 176.
Elcysma, 284.
elegans (Chrocampa),
85.
Elibia, 100.
ella (Panacra), 101.
elongata (Callznia), 176.
elpenor (Chzrocampa),
84
elwesi (Acanthopsyche),
294
elwesi (Ambulyx), 79.
emarginata (Oreesia),
176.
emblicalis (Rhodoneura),
360.
emilia (Angonyx), 101.
emittens (Leucophlebia),
75
emma (Syntomis), 220,
Encaumaptera, 315.
Endoclyta, 318.
Endromiide, 10.
Enome, 459.
Ephemeroidea, 242.
Epicopiide, 9.
EHpiplemide, 9.
equestris (Sphinx), 99.
era (Syntomis), 222,
VOL, I.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Hrasmia, 273.
erebina (Lophura), 110,
erecta (Artaxa), 473.
Eremocossus, 313.
Hressa, 212, 221.
Eretmocera, 208.
Hriocrypta, 496.
ernestina (Corma), 137.
ernestinus (Daphnis), 96.
Hrnolatia, 34.
eronioides (Chelura),
284
erossoides (Syntomis),
220.
erotoides (Gmnathothli-
bus), 94.
erotus (Cherocampa),
94.
erotus, var. andama-
nensis (Cheerocampa),
94
erycinoides (Callidula),
24,
erythrosoma (Syntomis),
erythrosoma (Zygena),
231.
eson (Chzrocampa), 85,
Hstigena, 424.
Eterusia, 259.
Huchera, 327.
Huchromia, 226.
Euclea, 347.
Eumeta, 291.
eupatagia (Pydna), 141.
euphorbiz (Dilephila),
98.
Euphranor, 28.
EHuplocia, 495.
Euplea, 278.
Euproctis, 470.
EHupterote, 54.
Eupterotide, 41.
Eurycyttarus, 299.
eurytion (Melittia), 203.
Euschema, 281.
euschemoides (Canerces),
281.
eusemoides (Hrasmia),
254.
EKutricha, 408.
exanthemata (Antheua),
146.
excellens( Odonestis), 410.
excisa (Drepana), 388.
excisa (Phalacra), 345.
exclamationis (Leelia),
449,
excurvata (Pheosia),
161.
exigua (Trichia), 494.
513
Exodomorpha, 208.
extensa (Oreta), 348.
extensa (Rinaca), 22.
extensa (Syntomis), 214.
extrusata (Argyris), 352.
exusta (Ambulyx), 80.
exusta (Rhodoneura),
009.
exusta, var. erecta (Mi-
crosca), 359.
fabia (Hupterote), 56.
fagi (Stauropus), 149.
faleata (Rigema), 453.
faleataria (Drepana),
333.
falcipennis (Mustilia),
38
faro (Macroglossa), 118.
fasciata (Antherza), 18.
fasciata (Calpe), 176.
fasciata (Digama), 505,
fasciata (Drepana), 339.
fasciata (Hterusia), 253,
260.
fasciata (Hupterote), 56.
fasciata (Leelioides), 441.
fasciata (Lazanda), 186.
fasciata (Lebeda), 409.
fasciata (Lenodora), 423.
fasciata (Pheosia), 160.
fasciata (Pydna), 141.
fasciata (Rhodoneura),
361.
fasciata (Thosea), 379.
fasciatum (Ceratonema),
394,
fasciatus (Stauropus),
52
fasciosa (Ampelophaga),
83.
feminula (Mardara), 451.
fenestra (Attacus), 29.
fenestraria (Drepana),
337.
fenestraria (Macrauzata),
fenestrata (Apha), 52.
fenestrata (Durdara),
308.
fenestrata (Leucoma),
89
fenestrata(Thyridiphora),
371.
fenestrata (Varnia), 368.
fenestrina (Thermesia),
358.
Fentonia, 147,
ferrea (Drepana), 341.
ferrea (Pintia), 258.
ferrifera (Pydna), 142.
21
514
ferrofusa (Rhodoneura),
ferruginea (Alompra),
418.
ferruginea (Cheromettia),
399
ferruginea (Cypa), 72.
ferruginea (Ichthyura),
174.
ferruginea (Lebeda), 410.
ferruginosa —(Lopho-
pteryx), 167.
fervens (Macroglossa),
2.
fervida (Syntomis), 217.
ficus (Hypsa), 594.
figurata (Digama), 505.
liemslalke (Zygeena),
230.
fimbriares (Phlossa), 381.
flabellicornis (Histia),
280.
flammans (Bharetta),
416.
flammans (Phauda), 287.
flammans (Sciapteron),
191.
flava (Apha), 57.
flava (Drepana), 340.
flava (Sesia), 197.
flavalis (Trypanophora),
250.
flavescens (Leucoma),
488.
flavia (Eupterote), 58.
flavicaudata (Sesia), 197.
flavicincta (Ichneumeno-
ptera), 195.
flavicolis (Eupterote),
59.
flavicollis (Sphecodo-
ptera), 190.
flavicosta (Phlebohecta),
251.
flavida (Eupterote), 61.
flavifrons (Syntomis),
215.
flavimacula (Dasychira),
451.
flavimacula (Heteropan),
256.
flavimaculata(Euproctis),
480.
flavinata (Huproctis),
75.
flavipalpus (Ichneume-
noptera), 195.
flavipes (Cispia), 493.
flavipes (Sesia), 198.
flaviplaga (Arachotia),
245,
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
flavistigma (Lophopte-
ryx), 167
flavocincta (Epheme-
roidea), 242.
flavomaculata
sia), 252.
flavonigra (Huproctis),
485.
(Heteru-
flavosignata (Kosala), 419.
flavovittata (Arguda),
412.
floralis (Apha), 52.
floralis (Cypa), 72.
florens (Gaurena), 181.
florescens (Gaurena), 182.
fo (Pseudosphinx), 104.
feedus (Hremocossus),314.
fola (Proneca), 402.
formose (Syntomis), 220.
fortunatus (Bombyx), 32.
fratercula (Drapetodes),
346.
fraterna (Antherza), 18.
fraterna (Cheerocampa),
84.
fraterna (Euchromia),
227.
fraterna (Euproctis), 477.
fraterna (Eupterote), 55.
fraterna (Habrosyne),
178.
fraterna (Histia), 279.
fraterna (Murlida), 60.
fraterna (Susica), 382.
frena (Panacra), 90.
ee (Macroglossa),
fr ithi (Anthervea), 21.
frontalis (Rabila), 402.
frontirufa (Arsacia), 176.
fuciformis (Hemaris),
119.
fulgens (Metanastria),
409.
saison (Tarsolepis),
27.
fulgurita (Ichthyura),
172.
fuliginosa (Cyclosia), 263.
fuliginosa (Lymauntria),
463.
fuliginosa (Tasema), 236.
fulva (Drepana), 342.
fulvida (Artona), 235.
fulvipuncta (Huproctis),
4
fumata (Psyche), 300.
fumifera (Chalcocelis),
392.
fumosa (Parasa), 390.
furcula (Cerura), 155.
fusca (Lenodora), 428.
fusca (Psyche), 298.
fuscalis (Phauda), 288.
fuscescens (Gaurena),
182.
fuscescens (Phlebohecta),
251.
fuscescens (Triptogon),69.
fuscinervis | (Himanto-
pterus), 288.
fuscipars (Duomitus),
309.
fuscipennis (Hretmocera),
208.
fuscipennis (Ramesa),
143
fusiformis (Nioda), 452.
fusiformis (Syntomis),
210.
fytchei (Syntomis), 210.
galbana (Pydua), 140,
galii (Dilephila), 98.
gamma (Euproctis), 476.
gana (Callizygeena), 249,
ganesa (Bombyx), 405.
Gangarides, 42,
Ganisa, 49.
Gargetta, 135.
Gastropacha, 428.
Gaugamela, 172.
Gaurena, 181.
Gazalina, 468.
gelatina (Syntomis), 214.
geminata (Hupterote), 60.
geminus (Pidorus), 254.
gemmifera (Spatalia),
169.
Geometride, 9.
georgina (Syntomis), 213.
gibbosa (Nadata), 130.
gigantea (Melittia), 204.
gigantea (Notodonta),
162.
gigas (Triptogon), 69.
gilia (Macroglossa), 117.
glacialis (Agalope), 282.
glacialis (Chelura), 284.
Glanycus, 369.
glaphyralis (Rhodo-
neura), 309.
glauca (Isbarta), 276.
glaucata (Cilix), 347.
glaucescens (Ganisa), 50.
glaucopis (Pidorus), 255.
glaucopoides (Syntomis),
249.
glaucoptera
glossa), 115.
gloriosa (Chzrocampa),
91.
(Macro-
Gnathothlibus, 84.
godartii (Syntomoides),
210.
Goé, 242.
Gogana, 471.
goniatus (Pteroxys), 302.
gonograpta (Cherocam-
pa), 93.
gortys (Xylophanes), 87.
gracile (Sciapteron), 193.
gracilis (Cherocampa),
eraciosa (Limacodes),
388.
grandis (Diludia), 105.
grandis (Lymantria), 465.
grandis (Melittia), 203.
grisea (Chatra), 409.
grisea (Limacodes), 402.
grisea (Lymantria), 464.
grisea (Pheosia), 161.
grisea (Pseudosphinx),
104.
griseata (Netria), 151.
griseata (Psyche), 298.
griseifusa (Chalcosia),
264.
griseipennis (Hupterote),
55.
griseotincta (Oreta), 350.
griseus (Stauropus), 152.
grotei (Dasychira), 448.
grotei (Phalera), 134,
grotei (Saturnia), 22.
grotei (Sciapteron), 192.
grotei (Syntomis), 218.
guerini (Attacus), 17.
Gunda, 36.
Gurelca, 109.
guttata (Huproctis), 477.
guttifera (Miresa), 386.
Gynzphora, 436.
Gynautocera, 278.
gyra (Hupterote), 56.
gyrans (Macroglossa),
113.
Habrosyne, 178.
hades (Dreata), 45.
hamifera (Pharambara),
309.
hamiltoni (Milleria), 264.
Hanisa, 40.
Hapigia, 129.
Harapa, 440.
Harpyia, 155.
Hathia, 84.
hearseyana (Digama),
505.
hearseyi (Brahmeea), 31.
helferi (Antherzea), 20.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
helicinoides (Diabasis),
3
heliconia (Hypsa), 501.
heliopsamma — (Meso-
pempta), 353.
helops (Cheerocampa), 92.
Hemaris, 119.
hemichroma
-glossa), 118.
hepatica (Mustilia), 39.
Hepialide, 316.
Hepialiscus, 317.
Heracula, 458.
herbifera (Parasa), 390.
Herdonia, 367.
Herimba, 325.
Herpa, 257.
hespera (Nephele), 108.
heterogyna (Lelia), 443.
Heterogynidex, 10.
Heteropan, 256.
Heterusia, 259,
Heylaertsia, 298.
hilaris (Parasa), 389.
himachala (Lophura), 110.
Himala, 467.
himalayana (Acantho-
psyche), 294.
himalayana (Dasaratha),
294
a“
(Macro-
himalayana (Dicranura),
158.
Himantopterus, 288.
Hinneeya, 307.
Hippotion, 84.
hirsuta (Hupterote), 54.
Histia, 279.
histrionicus(Campylotes),
274.
histrionicus, var. altis-
sima (Campylotes),
hockingi (Mahasena), 302.
hockingii (Parasa), 389.
hockingii (Saturnia), 23.
Homeeognatha, 504.
Hondella, 440.
Hoplitis, 160.
Horanpella, 54.
hormenia (Epyrgis), 278.
horrida (Belippa), 399.
horsfieldi | (Dasychira),
448,
howra (Artaxa), 473.
hiibneri (Phassus), 518.
huebneri (Syntomis), 219.
humeralis (Syntomis),
249.
Hupodonta, 160.
huttoni (Saturnia), 24.
huttoni (Theophila), 37.
515
hyala (Amesia), 273.
hyalina (Agalope), 282.
hyalina (Deroca), 344.
hyalina (Drepana), 334.
hyalina (Syntomoides),
211.
hyalinata (Drepana), 342.
hyas (Gurelca), 110.
hydatina (Syntomoides),
210.
Hydrusa, 212, 220.
hylas (Cephonodes), 120.
Hyloicus, 103.
hypargyra (Rhodoneura),
307.
Hypereschra, 163.
hyperantherz (‘Tara-
gama), 405.
Hyperthyris, 570.
Hyperthyrus, 370.
Hyphorma, 375.
Hypolamprus, 364.
hypothous (Daphnis), 95.
hypoxantha (Rhodo-
neura), 364,
Hypsa, 498.
Hypside, 495.
hyrtaca (Metanastria),
410.
Ichneumenoptera, 194.
Ichthyura, 172.
icilia (Kuproctis), 479.
icterica (Dabarita), 176.
idzeoides (Chalcosia), 265.
idzoides (Leucodrepana),
393.
idalialis (Pyralis), 357.
Idonauton, 391.
ignavus (Hupterote), 55.
ignescens (Actias), 14.
ignicauda (Trilochana),
191.
ignicolle (Trochilium),
189.
ignifera (Ichneumeno-
ptera), 195.
igniflua (Taragama), 405.
ignita (Dysodia), 368.
ilita (Dasychira), 468.
illanta (Huproctis), 473.
illepida (Rilia), 478.
imaon (Syntomoides),
210.
Imaus, 466.
imbecilis (Dreata), 55.
imitans (Isbarta), 277.
immaculata (Chiero-
tricha), 479.
immaculata (Huproctis),
Tone
516
immutata (Hupterote),
56
impactella (Eretmocera),
208.
imperator (Macroglossa),
118
impura (Phragmatecia),
313
ineequalis (Varnia), 368.
incandescens (Pseudo-
jana), 48.
incerta (Lymantria), 460.
incipiens (Syntomoides),
2a
incitans (Gadera), 176.
inclusa (Dasychira), 453.
incomptaria (Utidava),
478.
inconcisa (Euproctis),
474
inconclusa (Deroca), 344.
incongruens (Cypa), 71.
inconspicua (Huplocia),
96.
increta (Anceryx), 105.
indecisa (Culasta), 176.
indeterminata (Casama),
446.
indica (Clisiocampa), 417.
indica (Gonophora), 178.
indica (Ichthyura), 174.
indica (Melittia), 203.
indica (Pydna), 137.
indica (Varmina), 435.
indica (Zeuzera), 311.
indicus (Hepialus), 317.
indicus (Smerinthus), 69.
indicus (Stauropus), 149.
inexacta (Pseudosphinx),
104.
inextricata (Euscotia),
176.
inferma (Triplophleps),
393.
infernalis (Sataspes), 121.
ingens (Gargetta), 136.
innotata (Drepana), 335.
innotata (Zeuzera), 513.
inobtrusa (Lasiocampa),
425,
inops (Hypsa), 503.
inordinata (Sybrida),
176.
inornata (Amatissa), 292.
inornata (Miresa), 386.
inquilinus (Phalena), 87.
inquinata (Ciceticoides),
293.
insignata (Argyris), 330.
insignis (Chxrocampa),
89.
ALPHABHTICAL INDEX.
insipida (Macroglossa),
117,
insolitus (Glanycus), 369.
insueta (Syntomis), 213.
insulana (Digama), 505.
intacta (Hypsa), 499.
intensa (Taragama), 405.
interjecta (Pantana), 445.
mae (Macroglossa),
intimalis (Pharambara),
365.
invalida (Eupterote), 54.
iole (Saturnia), 17.
iratus (Debos), 289.
irius (Bombyx), 29.
irrorata (Daplasa), 458.
irrorata (Heterocampa),
163.
irrorata (Mardara), 455.
irrorata (Somena), 483.
irrorata (Trabala), 422.
isabella (Parasa), 390.
Isbarta, 276.
isocyma (Odonestis), 427.
Isoples, 84.
javana (Hypsa), 502.
javana (Ichthyura), 172.
javanica (Gunda), 36.
javanica (Triptogon), 69.
jucunda (Sciapteron),
92
junctifera (Charnidas),
8.
junctura (Birthama),
384
junctura (Ceira), 142.
junonia (Ambulyx), 79.
justiciz (Artaxa), 483.
juvenis (Pulomacra),
442,
kamadena (Menapia),
139
Kanchia, 487.
kandyia (Harpyia), 155.
kargalica (Huproctis),
494.
kashghara (Ptilophora),
177.
katinka (Loepa), 25.
kausalia (Dasychira),
khasiana (Langia), 73.
khasiana (Phacusa), 241.
khasiana (Sphingo-
gnatha), 46.
khasiana (Syntomis), 214,
khasiana_ (Trichiura),
420.
kindermanii (Smerin-
thus), 123.
kingii (Macroglossum),
120.
kirbyi (Ciceticus), 290.
Klaboana, 269.
knyvetti (Antherexa), 19.
keechlini (Sphinx), 97.
komarovi (Deilephila),
123.0
Kophene, 292.
Kosala, 418.
kuluana (Melittia), 204.
Lachana, 435.
lachesis (Acherontia), 67.
Lacides, 498.
lactea (Euproctis), 494.
lactea (Leelioides), 441.
lactea (Ocinara), 34.
lactea (Redoa), 488.
lacteata (Hypsa), 500.
lacteola (Altha), 397.
ladacensis (Lachana), 435.
Lelia, 440. ;
Leelioides, 440.
lta (Odonestis), 425.
leta (Parasa), 389.
levis (Fentonia), 148.
lahora (Ambulyx), 78.
laleana (Belippa), 399.
lamprolepis (Mega-
ceramis), 167.
lampropoda (Aschisto-
phleps), 200.
lanaris (Pterothysanus),
430.
lanceolata (Rilia), 452.
Langia, 75.
Lansdownia, 291.
lanuginosa (Apha), 65.
Lasiocampide, 402.
Latagia, 310.
lathyrus (Deilephila), 98.
laticilia (Pterothysanus),
430.
latifascia (Cleapa), 172.
latifascia (Huproctis),
472.
latifascia (Nyssia), 388.
latipennis (Metanastria),
409.
latipennis (Pintia), 259.
lativitta (Huproctis), 481.
lativitta (Heterusia), 260.
lativittata (Hupterote),
58.
latreillii (Syntomis), 228.
laura (Euchromia), 228.
Laurion, 254.
layardi (Daphnis), 96.
layardii (Eumeta), 291.
Lebeda, 407.
leithiana (Artaxa), 473.
Lenodora, 422.
Lenyra, 205.
leopardina (Abraxas),
284.
lepcha (Lymantria), 465.
lepcha (Macroglossa),
116.
lepcha (Syntomis), 217.
lepida (Parasa), 388.
leptalina (Soritia), 252.*
Leptojana, 54.
Letchena, 355.
lethe (Acherontia), 67.
leto (Saturnia), 14.
Leucodrepana, 333.
Leucoma, 487.
leucomelas (Codane), 268,
289.
leuconeura (Hypsa), 499.
leuconotus (Duomitus),
308.
Leucophlebia, 74.
leucosoma (Callitomis),
225.
leucotrigona
thrix), 44.
levis (Anomeeotes), 286.
lewini (Clania), 291.
lewisii (Cheerocampa), 84.
libera (Syntomis), 228.
lichas (Empyreuma),
123.
lichenea (Gaurena), 182,
lida (Ocinara), 35.
lidderdalii (Metanastria),
410.
lignaria (Panacra), 88.
ligneus (Duomitus), 307.
ligniperda (Cossus), 305,
lignosa (Zana), 144,
lilacina (Drepana), 336.
lilacina (Lelia), 441.
Limacodide, 371.
limbata (Artaxa), 483.
limulus (Fumea), 304.
lindia (Saturnia), 28,
lineata (Dasychiris),
448.
lineata (Dreata), 60.
lineata (Leucophlebia),
74
(Melano-
lineata (Odonestis), 427.
lineola (Striglina), 354.
lineolata (Dinara), 145.
lineosa (Chzrocampa),
3
lineosa (Eupterote), 60.
lineosa (Palirisa), 45.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Liparis, 459.
Liparopsis, 154.
literata (Risoba), 186.
Lithosiine, 11.
lithosioides (Baradesa),
151.
litura (Leelia), 443.
liturata (Ambulyx), 77.
liturata (Cerura), 155.
livornica (Dilephila), 97.
lobata (Durdara), 358.
lobulatus(Hypolamprus),
365
loceusalis (Rhodoneura),
58.
Locharna, 457.
locuples (Cifuna), 446.
Loepa, 25.
loesa (Parasa), 379.
lohor (Belippa), 400.
lola (Salassa), 27.
longicauda (Acantho-
psyche), 294.
longipennis (Damata),
157.
longipennis (Eriocrypta),
497.
longipennis (Norraca),
137.
longipennis (Tasema),
(Toxoides),
longivitta (Pydna), 139.
Lopera, 471.
Lophopteryx, 166.
Lophosoma, 237.
lucasi (Cheerocampa), 92,
lucia (Kupterote), 56.
lucina (Syntomis), 214.
lugubris (Theophila), 38.
luna (Actias), 13.
lunata (Huproctis), 472.
lunata (Lymantria), 494.
lunula (Attacus), 17.
luridivitta (Ramesa), 143.
lusca (Lebeda), 410.
luteata (Macroglossa),
al |
longipennis
186
luteifascia (Huproctis),
3
luteifascia (Syntomis),
218.
luteola (Spica), 343.
lutescens (Euproctis),
472.
lycetus (Chserocampa),
87
lydia (Syntomis), 221.
Lymantria, 459.
Lymantriide, 482.
517
mackwoodi (Aprata),
304.
Macrauzata, 330.
Macrocilix, 329.
Macroglossa, 112,
Macroglossinz, 109.
macroglossoides (Gu-
relca), 110.
Macroglossum, 112.
macromera (Chero-
campa), 84.
macromera (Diludia),
105.
Macroplectra, 376.
Macrotarsipus, 194.
maculata (Cadphises),
275.
maculata (Corma), 268.
maculata (Deroca), 344.
maculatus (Stauropus),
149.
maculifera (Ambulyx),
CU
maculosa (Lymantria),
465.
meenas (Actias), 14.
magna (Huchromia)
227.
magna (Huproctis), 484.
magnifica (Heterusia),
261.
mahananda (Trabala),
2
Mahanta, 401.
Mahasena, 301.
Mahoba, 454.
major (Aroa), 437.
major (Chzrocampa),
93
major (Cleosiris), 322.
malabaricus (Phassus),
321.
malaccana (Nyssia), 395.
Manatha, 298.
mandana (Huproctis),
480.
marchali (Digama), 565.
marchalii, var. intermedia
(Digama), 505.
marcidus (Hepialus),
17
Mardara, 454.
marginalis (Euproctis),
485.
marginata (Huproctis),
480.
marginata (Lymantria),
463.
marginata (Oreta), 351.
marginata (Pompelon),
71.
«
fl
518
marginepunctalis (Mi-
crosca), 359.
marmorata (Ratarda),
494.
marmorea (Hypsa), 498.
marmorea (Oxicesta),
176.
marmorealis
neura), 357.
marsdeni (Syntomis),
219.
Marumba, 68.
maruta (Dasychira), 450.
masoni (Syntomis), 215.
massurensis (Triptogon),
(Rhodo-
masuriensis (Gurelea),
11
mathura (Lymantria),
464.
maxima (Aroa), 437.
media (Nera), 388.
medusa (Acherontia), 67.
Megaceramis, 167.
melzna (Syntomis), 216.
melanomera (Diludia),
105.
melanophila (Euproctis),
471
melanosticta (Contheyla),
385.
Melanothrix, 44.
melissoides (Aschisto-
phleps), 201.
Melittia, 202.
membliaria (Euplocia),
496.
Menapia, 138.
mendosa (Dasychira),
452.
neEaaL (Antherza),
20.
Mesopempta, 353.
Messata, 54.
metachloros (Pintia),
258.
metagonaria (Phalacra),
345.
metallica (Chzerocampa),
metallica (Laurion), 255.
metallicum (Sciapteron),
193.
metamelana (Euproctis),
471.
Metanastria, 408.
metaphza (Pydna), 140.
metarhoda (Lymantria),
465.
Metaschalis, 158.
Metusa, 296.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX,
micacea (Nyssia), 375.
micacealis (Rhodoneura),
362.
micans (Lymantria), 462.
microchilus (Synto-
moides), 212.
Microlophia, 101.
Micropterygidee, 10.
Microsea, 355.
microsticta (Damata),
157.
midama (Callamesia),
278.
miles (Pidorus), 255.
Milleria, 262.
minax (Bethura), 375.
minax (Hyphorma), 375. .
mineus (Duomitus), 309.
minima (Phragmatecia),
315.
minimus (Daphnis), 97.
minor (Acanthopsyche),
294.
minor (Callidula), 328.
minor (Cherocampa),
93.
minor (Eupterote), 60.
minor (Phragmatecia),
313.
minor (Syntomis), 215.
minor (Syrastrena), 415.
minus (Sphinx), 125.
minuta (Sesia), 196.
minuticornis (Calpe),
176.
minutissima § (Macro-
plectra), 376.
mirabilis (Chzerocampa),
93.
miranda (Loepa), 25.
Miresa, 385.
mirza (Parasa), 389.
mitaria (Drapetodes),
346.
moderata
496.
modesta (Geometra), 347.
modesta (Nisaga), 63.
modesta (Sphinx), 69.
modulata (Kosala), 419.
meerens (Dasychira), 452.
Moffatia, 302.
molleri (Platyzygeena),
243.
mollifera (Eupterote),
57
(Euplocia),
mollis (Eupterote), 58.
mollis (Miresa), 395.
monacha (Lymantria),
459.
Monoschalis, 238.
montana (Syntomis),
monycha (Hypsa), 499.
moorei (Acanthopsyche),
296.
moorei (Cadphises), 276.
moorei (Notodonta), 163,
moorei (Ocinara), 35.
moorei (Sphetta), 176.
moorei (Trianeura), 221.
mori (Bombyx), 32.
morpheus (Sphinx), 108.
morta (Acherontia), 67.
mota (Syntomis), 210.
muelleri (Huproctis),
479.
Muga, 20.
multifasciata (Calli-
tomis), 225.
multigutta (Syntomis),
Wed
multipunctata (Rhodo-
neura), 306.
muitistrigata (Zeuzera),
munda “(Rhodoneura),
64
mundus (Imaus), 467.
muricolaria (Cyclidia),
328.
murina (Tagora), 48.
murinus (Hepialus), 317.
Murlida, 54.
musa (Syntomis), 222.
muscosa (Labanda), 186.
muscularia (Drepana),
336.
Mustilia, 38.
mutans (Eupterote), 56.
mydon (Chrocampa),
mylitta (Antherza), 18.
myrrhina (Chalcosia),
265.
myrsusalis (Rhodoneura),
Bye
myrtza (Rhodoneura),
308.
mysticata (Macrocilix),
329.
a
Naclia, 226.
Nadata, 130.
neyina (Rhodoneura),
357.
naga (Acosmeryx), 83.
nagaensis (Gargetta), 138.
Nagoda, 400.
Nagunda, 459.
nana (Pydna), 140.
nanda (Metanastria), 409.
nandina (Hstigena), 424.
Naprepa, 34.
nararia (Natada), 381.
Narosa, 398.
Natada, 380.
navigatorum
354.
Negra, 387.
nebulosa (Antherza), 18.
nebulosa (Digama), 505.
nebulosa (Hypsa), 501.
negrita (Huproctis), 471.
nelcinna (Atossa), 289.
Nemacerota, 185.
Neochera, 498.
Neoris, 21.
neoterica (Codane), 268.
nepalensis (Hepialiscus),
31
(Azazia),
nepcha (Melittia), 205.
Nephele, 108.
nerii (Daphnis), 94.
nervosa (Oligoclona),
468.
nessus (Theretra), 99.
nessus, var. rubicundus
(Cherocampa), 99.
Netria, 149.
neutra (Natada), 381.
newara (Loepa), 26.
newara (Melittia), 203.
newara (Syntomis), 217.
nicobarica (Hypsa), 499.
nicobariensis (Clanis),
79.
Niganda, 138.
niger (Duomitus), 307.
nigra (Lymantria), 463.
nigra (Psyche), 299.
nigra (Syntomis), 221.
nigra (Tasema), 237.
nigralba (Oligophlebia),
201.
nigrescens (Artona), 235,
nigrescens (Cyclosia),
269.
nigribasalis (Soritia),
253.
nigribasis (Hyper-
zeschra), 165.
nigricans (Hupterote),
nigricans (Nagoda), 401.
nigriceps (Tagora), 48.
nigricilia (Redoa), 488.
nigrifasciata (Macro-
glossa), 115.
nigripennis (Huproctis),
481
nigritula (Dasychira),
45].
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
nigrofasciata (Pydna),
42.
nigrogrisea (Sydiva),
186
nigromaculatus (Cossus),
305.
nigropuncta (Pydna),
142.
nigroscripta (Hetero-
campa), 445.
nigroviridis (Clelea), 240.
nilgira (Histia), 280.
nilgirensis (Diabasis),
303.
nilgirica (Dasychira),448.
nilgirica (Hupterote), 58.
nilgirica (‘Tetraphleps),
383.
Nioda, 447.
Nisaga, 62.
nitens (Rhodoneura),
309.
nivalia (Miresa), 387.
nivea (Altha), 397.
nivea (Leucodrepana),
339.
niveiceps (Nadata), 130.
niveosparsa (Dasychira),
449,
nivimacula
geena), 248.
nobilis (Dudusa), 128.
nobilis (Lebeda), 407.
noblei (Pterothysanus),
431.
noblei (Sciapteron), 192.
Noctuide, 11.
nodicornis
9
(Callizy-
(Hapigia),
Nolin, 11.
Norasuma, 36.
Norraca, 137.
notabilis (Melittia), 204.
notata (Anaxila), 479.
notata (Aphendala), 402.
notata (Pydna), 140.
Notioptera, 240.
Notodonta, 162.
Notodontide, 124.
Notolophus, 436.
nuda (Perina), 486.
nudilineata (Psyche),
29
Numenes, 455.
Nycteoline, 11.
nycteris §(Rhopalo-
psyche), 111.
nyctiphanes
sphinx), 105.
nymphaliaris
thrix), 44.
(Pseudo-
(Melano-
519
obfuscata (Lymantyia),
460.
obliqua (Birthama), 384.
obliqua (Hapigia), 129.
obliqua (Macrosila), 105.
obliqua (Tyracona), 186.
obliqualis (Rhodoneura),
309.
obliquaria (Soritia), 254.
obliquifascia (Birthama),
384.
obliquifascia (Metanas-
tria), 412.
obliquilinea (Leuco-
drepana), 333.
obliquilinea (Oreta), 349.
obliquiplaga (Fentonia),
148.
oblita (Zeuzera), 312.
obliterans (Perigonia),
108.
obscura (Macroglossa),
4,
obscuralis
prus), 365.
obscurata (Corma),
268.
(Hypolam-
obscuripennis
glossa), 116.
obscurus (Attacus), 17.
obsoleta (Artaxa), 473.
obsoleta (Lymantria),
461.
obstructa (Risoba), 186.
obtusa (Oreta), 349.
ocellaris (Daphnusa), 72.
ocellata (Argyris), 352.
ocellata (Natada), 382.
ochracea (Charnidas),
438.
ochracea (Gunda), 36.
ochracea (Oxyplax), 376.
ochracea (Pydua), 140.
(Macro-
ochrea (Callidrepana),
340.
ochreipennis (Drepana),
330.
ochreipuncta (Syntomis),
iy
tod td bl
ochreus (Heteropan),
256.
ochripes (Caviria), 490.
ochripicta (Antherza),
ochripicta (Eupterote),
56.
ochsenheimeri
tomis), 228.
Ocinara, 34.
octopunctata (Heterusia),
252.
(Syn-
520
octopunctata (Sphinx),
86.
ocularis (Orgyia), 486.
ocypete (Fentonia), 148.
ocys (Hippotion), 87.
Odagra, 440.
Odonestis, 425.
Céiceticine, 290.
(eeticoides, 293.
(ceticus, 290.
Cidematopoda, 207.
cenone (Syntomis), 216.
(iona, 408,
Oiketicoides, 293.
Oiketicus, 290.
oldenlandize
campa), 87.
olearia (Dasychira),
451.
Olene, 447.
Oligoclona, 468.
Oligophlebia, 201.
oligosticha (Rhodo-
neura), 362.
olivacea (Charocampa),
(Cheero-
olivacea (Cilix), 352.
olivascens (Soritia), 252.
olivescens (Antherza),
ommatizforme
chilium), 188.
ophideroides (Calpe),
176
(Tro-
opis (Macroglossa), 113.
opponens (Arunda), 176.
opponens (Lebeda), 408.
orbicularis (Peridrome),
497.
orbicularis (Polyploca),
3.
orbifer (Stauropus), 152.
orbifera (Daphnusa), 72.
orbiferata (Macrocilix),
330.
Oreta, 347.
Orgyia, 436.
oriens (Triptogon), 69.
orientalis (Huchromia),
227.
orientalis (Macroglossa),
115.
orientalis (Philampelus),
92.
orientalis
105.
ornata (Bomochroa), 58.
ornea (Ambulyx), 80.
orphnina (Drepana),
307.
Orthocraspeda, 393.
(Protoparce),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
orthograpta (Calpe),
176.
Orvasea, 471.
osacesalis (Herdonia),
367.
Osea, 355.
ovifera (Durdara), 358.
Oxyplax, 376.
Pachyjana, 54.
Pachythyris, 368.
pagana (Ambulyx), 80.
Palimpsestes, 182.
Palirisa, 45.
pallicosta (Cheerocampa),
94
pallida (Amydona), 421.
pallida (Apona), 52.
pallida (Dactylo-
rhyncha), 470.
pallida (Drepana), 334.
pallida (Ganisa), 50.
page (Hypereeschra),
164,
pallida (Lelia), 441.
pallida (Nerice), 172.
pallida (Pydna), 140.
pallida (Rhodoneura),
359.
pallida (Susica), 377.
pallida (Tagora), 47.
pallidalze (Cossus), 306.
pallidifascia (Stauropus),
151.
pallidum
405.
palpalis (Scopelodes),
375.
(Megasoma),
Palpitfer, 516,
Panacra, 84.
Pandala, 43.
pandya (Ganisa), 50.
pannosa (Zaranga), 146.
panopus (Calymnia), 76.
Pantana, 443.
panthona (Cyclosia),
270.
paphia (Antherza), 18.
paphos (Noctua), 501.
papilionaria (Gynauto-
cera), 279.
papilionaris (Cyclosia),
269.
Parasa, 387.
pardalis (Hstigena), 424.
pardicolor (Zenzera),
315.
parivala (Phalera), 133.
partita (Numenes), 456.
parvipunctus (Cossus),
306.
parvula (Cyclosia), 269.
passalis (Syntomis), 219.
pastoralis (Parasa), 389.
patrana (Drepana), 388.
patrana (Numenes), 456.
patula (Tagora), 46.
patulata (Cyclidia), 328.
paucipunctata (Zeuzera),
oll.
pauperatus (Hepialus),
317
pavaca (Oreta), 350.
Pavonia, 21.
pavonica (Calymnia), 76.
pectinicornis (Chalcosia),
265, 266.
pectoralis (Syntomis),
Pegella, 459.
pellecta (Melittia), 202.
pelona (Artaxa), 477.
perdica (Dioptis), 289.
perdix (Dasychira), 450.
perfecta (Panacra), 89.
perfecta (Redoa), 488.
perhamata (Drepana),
336.
Peridea, 162.
Peridrepana, 333.
Peridrome, 496.
Perina, 486.
permutata (Hupterote),
56
pernyi (Antherza), 29,
perotteti (Saturnia), 20.
persecta (Hypsa), 500.
persimilis (Eupterote), 54,
perspicua (Attacus), 29.
petosiris (Phalena), 60.
Phacusa, 240.
Phalacra, 345.
phalenaria (Brachytera),
60.
phalaris (Ambulyx), 79.
Phalera, 133.
Pharambara, 355.
Phassus, 318.
Phauda, 287.
Phaudinz, 285.
phegea (Syntomis), 212.
Pheosia, 160.
Philona, 498.
Philopator, 281.
Phlebohecta, 251.
Phlossa, 380.
Phocoderma, 380.
pheenyx (Sphinx), 88.
horcus (Melittia), 204.
hragmatecia, 312.
Pe (Macroglossa),
118.
Piarosoma, 2438.
piceipennis (Treptogon),
69.
pictus (Pterothysanus),
431.
picus (Sphinx), 120.
Pida, 457.
Pidorus, 254.
Pieridoides (Isbarta), 277.
pileata (Psyche), 299.
pinastri (Anceryx), 105.
Pinastri (Hyloicus), 123.
Ppinastrina (Sphinx), 86.
pinastrina (Xylophanes),
8
pini (Saturnia), 21.
Pintia, 258.
pitmani (Euchera), 328.
placida (Ambulyx), 77.
placida (Horanpella), 60.
placida (Lebeda), 409.
plagiata (Huproctis), 480.
_ plagiata (Lebeda), 410.
plagidotata (Mardara),
454.
plagifera (Microsca), 358.
plagifera (Odonestis),
427.
plaginota (Hypsa), 502.
plagiophleps (Acantho-
psyche), 296.
plagiosa (Habrosyne),
179.
plagiviridis (Stauropus),
153.
plana (Acanthopsyche),
296.
plana (Aroa), 438.
plana (Bombyx), 35.
plana (Euproctis), 479.
plana (Ganisa), 49.
plana (Hypsa), 506.
platycerata (Anisodes),
346.
Platythyris, 368.
Platyzygeena, 243,
Plectropteron, 13.
plumbeola (Clelea), 240.
plumicauda (Moffatia),
303.
plumipes (Eupterote), 61.
plumosa (Apona), 53.
plumosa (Rachia), 132.
plusiata (Celeia), 169.
plusioides (Spatalia), 170.
pluto (Sphinx), 86.
politula (Eressa), 222.
polymena (Kuchromia),
Polyploca, 182.
Polyptychus, 68.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Pompelon, 271.
porphyria (Daphnusa),
73
Porsica, 135.
Porthesia, 484.
Porthetria, 459.
postalba (Artona), 234.
postalbida (Liparopsis),
154,
postcristatum (Cerato-
corema), 200.
postexcisa (Zeuzera), 311.
posthyalina (Areocera),
244,
postica (Ceira), 142.
postica (Drepana), 337.
postica (Euproctis), 472.
postica (Ganisa), 49.
postica (Orgyia), 436.
postica (Thiacidas), 445.
Sy elle (Euproctis),
postvitta (Artona), 234.
potatoria (Odonestis),
425,
pramestra (Lymantria),
462
Pramila, 191.
prasana (Cerura), 156.
prasina (Amydona), 421.
pretiosa (Chalcosia), 267.
pretiosa, var. albina
(Chalcosia), 267.
primularis (Agalope),
282
primularis (Eupterote),
59.
primulina (Herpa), 257.
princeps (Artaxa), 476.
princeps (Gidemato-
poda), 207.
Prismosticta, 51.
privata (Hypsa), 503.
procera (Phalera), 134.
processionea (Cnetho-
campa), 64.
Procodeca, 440.
Procotes, 239.
producta (Hypsa), 503.
prominens (Risoba), 186.
promittens (Antipha),
494,
properta (Phacusa), 241.
propexa (Contheyla),
385.
Protoparce, 103.
provocans (Oresia), 176,
proxima (Macroglossa),
114
prunicolor (Drepana),
307.
521
prunosa (Chzrocampa),
87.
pryeri (Attacus), 16.
pryeri (Humeta), 291.
Psalis, 447.
Pseudojana, 48.
Pseudomesa, 455.
pseudonaga (Acosmeryx),
82
Pseudosesia, 191.
Pseudosphinx, 104.
Psyche, 297.
Psychide, 289,
Psychine, 292.
Psychoidine, 303.
Psichotoé, 225.
Pterodecta, 324.
Pteroma, 296.
Pterophoride, 12.
Pterothysanide, 430.
Pterothysanus, 430.
Pteroxys, 302.
pudibunda (Dasychira),
447,
pudica (Dasychira), 449.
pudicula (Rhodoneura),
305.
pudorinus (Smerinthus),
80.
puellaris (Cherocampa),
87
pulchella (Erasmia), 273.
pulchella(Heterusia),252.
pulcherrima (Drepana),
339.
pulcherrima (Pheosia),
161
pulchra (Antherza), 18.
pullata (Callenia), 176.
pulligonis (Cania), 396.
pumilio (Lophura), 111.
punctata (Candyba), 397.
punctata (Naclia), 226.
puncticilia (Cispia), 493.
punctifascia (Cispia), 492.
punctimargo (Phassus),
319
punctivenata (Chzrocam-
pa), 93.
punica (Parasa), 389.
pura (Perina), 486.
purpurascens (Callar-
tona), 233.
purpurascens (Estigena),
426.
purpurascens (Phassus),
319.
pusilla (Artaxa), 475.
pusilla (Azygophleps),
310
pusilla (Gurelea), 111,
522
pusilla (Lymantria), 463.
pustulifera (Trisula), 447.
Pydna, 138.
pygmza (Huproctis), 475.
pyraliata (Durdara), 358.
Pyralide, 11.
pyraliformis (Danaka),
176.
pyretorum (Saturnia), 23.
pyriformis (Odonestis),
427.
pyriniata (Anisodes),
354.
pyrrhochroma (Aroa),
439.
quadrangularis (Amicta),
297.
quadrangularis (Chzro-
tricha), 480.
quadricincta (Bombyx),
408.
quadricolor (Lophoso-
ma), 237.
qeeertnsate (Syntomis),
215.
quadrifasciata (Chaleo-
sia), 266
quadrifasciata (Messata),
61
quadrilinea (Mahanta),
401.
quadrimaculata (Brachar-
tona), 233.
quadrinotata (Arbela),
314.
quadriplagiata (Pseudo-
mesa), 456.
quadripunctata (Dendro-
cera), 231.
dace apne (Drepa-
na), 341.
quaterna (Sphins), 108.
quercifolia (Gastro-
pacha), 428.
quinaria (Drepana), 335.
quinquecincta (Sesia),
196.
Rachia, 131.
Radhica, 412.
rafflesii (Chzerocampa),
85.
raja (Heterusia), 259,
rajah (Pachythyris), 368.
Ramesa, 142.
rana (Euproctis), 482.
TenEeonens (Sciapte-
ron), 192.
rara (Gynautocera), 279.
rara (Thosea), 380.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Ratarda, 493.
raya (Phalera), 134.
recta (Metanastria), 411.
recta (Thosea), 378.
renee (Hupterote),
58.
rectifascia (Macroglossa),
8.
rectificata (Huchera),
328.
rectilinea (Arguda), 414.
rectilinea (Triptogon),
69
rectistria (Oresia), 176.
Redoa, 487
refulgens (Chrysartona),
232.
peu (Macroglossa),
12.
religiose (Bombyx), 37.
remicauda (Tarsolepis),
127.
renalis (Polyploca), 183.
renigera (Aganais), 496.
renoninata (Huproctis),
ewfill
repanda (Metanastria),
repanda (Parasa), 388.
repanda (Sphecodoptera),
189.
Repena, 440.
repugnans (Risoba), 186,
restitura (Ichthyura),
174.
reticulalis (Rhodoneura),
306.
reticulata (Laginia), 354.
reticulata (Pharambara),
361.
reticulata (Thermesia),
Bd4.
reticulatum (Camptochi-
lus), 351.
Retina, 251.
retractatum
nema), 394.
rhabdophora (Acantho-
psyche), 297.
Rhamphoschisma, 112.
Rhaphidognatha, 254.
rhebus (Huchromia), 228
rhesus (Chserocampa),
92.
rhoda (Euproctis), 473.
Rhodia, 25.
rhodina (Lymantria), 461.
Rhodoneura, 355.
rhodope (Papilio), 280.
rhodoptera (Ambulyx),
77.
(Cerato-
Rhodosoma, 122.
Rhopalopsyche, 111.
Ricine, 440.
ricini (Attacus), 17.
ridens (Polyploca), 182.
Rilia, 447.
Rinaca, 21.
rinaria. (Caviria), 490.
rivularis (Chzrocampa),
84.
robertsi (Deilephila), 99.
romanovi eee
phaga), 83
ror seyoniea (Zeuzera),
rosacea (Leucophlebia),
ie
Rosama, 168.
rosea (Arguda), 413.
rosea (Lymantria), 465.
roseus (Gangarides), 42.
rosina (Chzrocampa),
rotunda (Psyche), 299.
rotundapex (Oreta), 350.
rotundata (Lacida), 442.
royi (Salassa), 27.
roylei (Antherza), 18.
rubescens (Ambulyx), 78.
rubescens (Diludia), 105.
rubida (Cyenia), 442.
rubiginea (Besaia), 171.
rubiginosa (Ambulyx),
78.
rubiginosa
phaga), 83.
rubiginosa (Messata), 61.
rubra (Hemaris), 120.
rubribasis (Alophogas-
ter), 287.
rubricosa (Ambulyx), 79.
rubripennis (Leelia), 441.
rubrivitta (Soritia), 252.
rufa (Kosala), 419.
rufa (Notodonta), 163.
rufareta (Rhodoneura),
363.
rufescens (Brahmea), 30.
rufescens (Natada), 380.
ruffa (Bombyx), 347,
ruficincta (Trichocerota),
199.
rufodisca (Eupterote),
58
(Ampelo-
rufofasciata (Drepana),
34.
rufotessellata (Altha),
398.
rugosa (Natada), 382.
rustica (Protaparce),
103.
saccharum (Phrag-
matcecia), 313.
sadana (Drepana), 341.
sagrara (Aroa), 439.
sagroides (Huproctis), 482.
Salassa, 26,
ee ee enels (Phassus),
8
sangana (Phalera), 134.
Sangatissa, 63.
sanguiflua (Amesia), 272.
sanguinea (Habrosyne),
179.
sanguinea (Kosala), 418.
sanguinea (Oreta), 348.
sanguinosa (Sphinx),
123.
sapphirina (Clelea), 239.
sargania (Syntomis),
210.
Saronaga, 182.
satanas (Acherontia), 67.
Sataspes, 121.
saturalis (Arsacia), 176.
ae (Lophopteryx),
6.
Saturnia, 21.
Saturniidex, 12.
saturnus (Bombyx), 29.
satyriniformis (Melittia),
aUa.
saundersi (Hemaris),
sawanta (Dasychira),
452.
scabiose (Hemaris), 119.
scalaris (Azygophleps),
310.
scapularis (Panacra), 90.
schauffelbergii (Ambu-
lyx), 77.
scheenerrhi (Syntomis),
213.
Sciapteron, 191.
scintillans (Hterusia),
260.
scintillans (Huproctis),
483.
scintillans (Heteropan),
256.
scitaria (Striglina), 354.
scolioides (Trilochana),
TOE
Scopelodes, 373.
sculpta (Angonyx), 102.
securis (Dasychira), 453.
selene (Actias), 13.
selene (Chalcosia), 279.
selene (Histia), 280.
semicincta (Lymantria),
466.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
semifasciata
glossa), 115.
semifervens (Ambulyx),
(Macro-
semifusca (Hypsa), 499.
semihyalina (Dendro-
phleps), 491.
semihyalina (Lenodora),
424.
semihyalina
phora), 249.
semipavonaria (Auzata),
1
(Try pano-
semisignata (Huproctis),
473.
semitesselalis (Rhodo-
neura), 358.
semivitta (Huproctis),
Anes
Sephisa, 259.
sericea (Cania), 395.
sericea (Caviria), 490,
sericea (Hypsa), 503.
sericea (Natada), 382.
sericea (Redoa), 488.
sericea (Scopelodes), 374.
sericea (Trisuloides),
494.
soe vena (Ambulyx),
77.
sericeus (Philampelus),
81
serrata (Syntomis), 221.
servula (Antheua), 145,
Sesia, 196.
Sesiide, 187.
sexnotatus (Palpifer),
Wife
sexpunctata (Soritia),
shadulla (Neoris), 24.
shahama, (Soritia), 253.
shervillei (Acosmeryx),
82.
sherwilli (Bombyx), 37.
shevaroyensis (Apona),
53.
siamensis (Huchromia),
siamica (Syntomis), 228.
siculoides (Pachythyris),
368.
sienna (Aroa), 438.
signata (Heterusia), 261.
signata (Lenodora), 423.
signata (Ocinara), 35.
signata (Odonestis), 426.
signata (Susica), 382.
signata (Zeuzera), 307.
signifer (Phassus), 320.
signifera (Ocinara), 34.
523
sikhima (Notodonta),
163
sikkima (Celeia), 169.
sikkima (Humeta), 291.
sikkima (Gunda), 36.
sikkima (Loepa), 25.
sikkima (Notodonta),
163.
sikkima (Paravetta), 176.
sikkima (Pheosia), 162.
sikkima (Pydna), 141.
sikkima (Sciapteron),
193
sikkima _(Stenophyl-
loides), 429.
sikkimensis (Artona),
3D.
sikkimensis
lotes), 274.
sikkimensis (Stauropus),
(Campy-
siletti (Numenes), 456.
silhetensis (Chero-
campa), 88.
silhetensis (Triptogon),
69
silhetica (Penora), 488.
silhetica (Saturnia), 15.
silvandra (Bombyx),
499,
similata (Chalcosia),
266.
similis (Chilena), 416.
similis (Digama), 505.
similis (Endocelyta), 319.
similis (Kupterote), 54.
similis (Ganisa), 49.
similis (Lymantria),
462.
similis (Messata), 61.
similis (Parasa), 389.
simillima (Drepana),
336.
simillima (Hemaris),
TG),
simla (Saturnia), 25.
simplex (Aroa), 438.
simplex (Nisaga), 63.
simplicia (Loepa), 26.
sinensis (Bombyx), 32.
sinensis (Tadema), 377.
sinensis (Thosea), 379.
sinensis (Triptogon), 69.
sinuata (Kupterote), 54.
sinuata (Gastropacha),
428.
sinuata (Gluphisia), 176.
sitiene (Macroglossa),
115.
siva (Taragama), 405.
sivalica (Anthera), 18.
524
sladeni (Syntomis), 217.
Smerinthine, 68
snelleni (Acanthopsyche),
296.
Snellenia, 206.
sobrina (Lymantria), 461.
socrus (Aroa), 439.
Somena, 471.
Somera, 153.
Sommeria, 504.
Sonagara, 353.
sordida (Stilpnotia),
444
Soritia, 251.
Spalyria, 54.
Spatalia, 168.
spatulata (Areogyia),
395.
Spatulicraspeda, 391.
Spatulifimbria, 591.
spectabilis (Bombya), 30.
spectabilis (Polypty-
chus), 71.
specularia (Drepaua),
395.
specularis (Drepana),
340.
sperchia (Euchromia),
226.
sperchius (Smerinthus),
69
Sphecia, 188.
Sphecodoptera, 189.
Sphingide, 65.
sper mis (Dudusa),
128.
sphingiformis (Mustilia),
39.
Sphingine, 102.
Sphingognatha, 46.
sphoraria (Phambara),
360.
Spica, 342.
splendida (Rhodoneura),
363.
spoliata (Corma), 268.
Staintonia, 208.
staudingeri (Melittia),
OE
Stauropus, 149.
stellatarum (Macro-
glossa), 113.
stelligera (Amesia), 278
Stenophylloides, 429.
stigmata (Encauma-
ptera), 316.
stigmata (Lebeda), 410,
stigmaticus (Cossus),
(Phalera),
stigmigera
34,
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
stipata (Chrysartona),
232.
stoliczkana (Saturnia),
24
striata (Rachia), 132.
striatalis (Hypolamprus),
365.
striativena (Rhodeneura),
363.
strigata (Dasychira),
449.
strigata (Pheosia), 161.
strigatula (Siculodes),
306.
strigifascia (Niganda),
138.
strigipennis (Melittia),
203.
strigipennis (Pida), 457.
strigipennis (Sonagara),
304.
strigivenata (Hypsa),
503.
Striglina, 353.
strigosa (Sonagara), 354.
strigula (Chilena), 417.
strigulifera (Antipha),
494.
strix (Duomitus), 307.
styx (Acherontia), 67.
Suana, 406.
subapicalis
176
subaurata (Syntomis),
993.
subcordata (Thyrassia),
238.
(Ingura),
subeostalis (Miresa),
423.
subcostalis (Rhodo-
neura), 362.
subcurvifera (Sangatissa),
63
subeyanea (Pompelon),
271.
subcyanescens (Cyclosia),
263.
subdita (Fuproctis), 485.
subdita (Eupterote), 54.
subdives (Apha), 51.
subfascia (Orgyia), 445.
subfascia (Peridrome),
497.
subfasciata (Huproctis),
472.
subfuscula (Euproctis),
475.
subhyalina, var. primu-
lina (Herpa), 258.
subinanis (Topomesa),
469.
sublutea (Eterusia), 260.
submarginalis (Deva-
nica), 260.
submarginalis (Ichthy-
ura), 176.
submarginalis(Syntomis),
218
submarginata (Leucoma),
487.
subnigra (Huproctis),
485.
subnotata (Aroa), 438.
subnotata (Belgorea),
397.
subnotata (Hanisa), 40
subnotata (Orvasca),
483.
subocellata (Ambulyx),
78.
subparallela (Lasio-
campa), 408.
subquadrata (Aganopsis),
497.
subrosealis (Hypolam-
prus), 366.
subsimilis (Hypsa), 501.
substigmaria (Kuchera),
2
substrigilis (Ambulyx),
Ute
substrigosa (Aroa), 439.
substrigosa (Caviria),
489.
substrigosa (Lasio-
campa), 408.
subteralbata (Acantho-
psyche), 295.
subtesselata (Adda),
353.
subtincta (Stilpnotia),
486.
subyitrea
489.
suffusa (Eupterote), 55.
suffusa (Leelia), 441.
suffusa (Oreta), 348.
suffusa (Susica), 382.
sulphurea (Gastropacha),
421
(Leucoma),
sulphurescens (Euproc-
tis), 474.
superans (Lymantria),
462.
superior (Sonagara), 354.
Susica, 377.
Syntomide, 209.
Syntomis, 212.
Syntomoides, 209.
syntomoides (Callitomis),
Syrastrena, 414.
tabaniforme(Sciapteron),
191.
tacta (Rigema), 453.
Tadema, 377.
tagalica (Sataspes), 122.
Tagora, 46
taooensis (Dreata), 54.
taprobana (Varnia),
368.
taprobanes (Trypano-
phora), 250.
taprobanis (Attacus), 15.
taprobanus (Hepialus),
317.
Taragama, 404.
tarsella (Snellenia), 207.
Tarsolepis, 126.
Tascia, 237.
Tasema, 236.
tayoyanus (Palpifer),
317
taxicolor (Macroglossa),
115.
Teldenia, 332.
templetonii (Oiketicus),
tenebrosa (Cherocampa),
tenebrosa (Dasychira),
451.
tenebrosa (Fentonia),
tenebrosa (Hypereschra),
164
tenebrosa
241.
teneiformis (Tricheta),
225.
tenuimarginatum (Sci-
apteron), 193.
terminata (Pantana),
(Phacusa),
tertius (Ciceticus), 290.
tesselatus (Cossus), 315.
testacea (Angonyx), 101.
testacea (Hupterote), 61.
testacea (Harapa), 443.
testacea (Lelia), 442.
testacea (Procodeca),
441.
testacea (Pydna), 139.
testacea (Scopelodes),
o74
[3] °
teta (Nisaga), 64.
Tetragonus, 322.
tetraonalis (Rhodo-
neura), 357.
tetraonis (Arbela), 315.
Tetraphleps, 383.
tetrio (Pseudosphinx),
104,
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
textor (Bombyx), 32.
Tineide, 12.
Thacona, 135.
thallo (Chalcosia), 266.
thelebas (Huchromia),
228.
Themaca, 470.
Theophila, 37.
Theretra, 99.
thermesioides
des), 354.
theylia (Chserocampa),
85
(Homo-
Thiacidas, 445.
thibeta (Saturnia), 22.
thoracica (Belippa), 400.
thoracica (Syntomis),
224.
Thosea, 377.
thwaitesi (Aprata), 304.
thwaitesi (Dasychira),
449,
thwaitesii (Ambulyx), 78.
thwaitesii (Aristhala), 36.
Thyatira, 180.
Thymara, 288.
Thymistada, 343.
thyralis (Pyralis), 358.
Thyrassia, 238.
Thyrididee, 352.
thyridophora (Leucoma),
488.
tiberina (Chalcosia), 266.
tigrina (Syntomis), 218.
timesius (Sphinx), 69.
Tinegeriide, 206.
tinctifera (Huproctis),
494,
Tinthia, 199.
tipuliformis (Sesia), 196.
tisiphone (Sphinx), 87.
todara (Hupterote), 58.
todara (Lymautria), 463.
Topomesa, 469.
Torona, 188.
torpida (Phalera), 134.
torrida (Crinocraspeda),
420.
tortuosa (Hypsa), 501.
tosta (Ramesa), 148.
Toxoides, 185.
Trabala, 421.
translata (Hupterote),
61.
transversa (Elydna), 176.
transversa (Hterusia),
254.
transversa (Gazalina),
469.
transversa (T'yracona),
186.
525
transversata (Aphendala),
378.
Trianeura, 212,
triangularia (Ditrigona),
332.
Trichzta, 225.
Trichiura, 420.
Trichocerota, 199.
tricincta (Sesia), 197.
tricolor (Glanycus), 370.
tricolor (Heterusia), 260.
trifascia (Lasiocampa),
408.
trifascialis
prus), 366.
trifasciata (Artaxa), 472.
trifenestrata (Cricula),
(Hypolam-
trilinearia
338.
trilineatus (Polyptychus),
69.
(Drepana),
triliturata (Hterusia),252.
Trilocha, 34.
Trilochana, 190.
trilochoides (Andraca),
40.
trima (Orthocraspeda),
393.
trimacula (Heterusia),
260.
trimeronalis (Addzea),
353.
triopus (Rhodosoma),
122.
tripartita (Thosea), 378.
Triplophleps, 392.
tripunctata (Thymis-
tada), 343.
triseriata (Dreata), 64.
tristis (Messata), 65.
tristis (Rhodoneura),
364.
Trisuloides, 494.
Trochilium, 188.
troglodytus (Macro-
glossa), 113.
Tropa, 13.
truncata (Panaera), 90.
Trypanophora, 249,
turbata (Ambulyx), 78.
turbata (Orgyia), 437.
Turnaca, 136.
Tussur moth, 19.
umbrifera (Hyboma),
176.
umbrina (Lelia), 442.
umbrina (Lymantria),
463
undans (Eupterote), 61.
526
undans (Metanastria),
410.
undata (Eupterote), 54.
undifera (Dreata), 54.
undulata (Ichthyura),
174.
undulata (Osica), 186.
undulifer (Phassus), 320.
undulifera (Gastro-
pacha), 428.
undulosa (Bhima), 404.
undulosa (Tagora), 46.
unicincta (Sesia), 196.
unicolor (Eupterote), 62.
unicolor (Natada), 382.
unicolor (Scopelodes),
375.
unifascia (Syntomis),
ae
unifascia (Thosea), 379.
uniformis (Charnidas),
471.
uniformis (Huproctis),
483.
uniformis (Lelia), 442.
uniformis (Protoparce),
104.
uniformis (Pteroxys),
302.
uniformis (Rhodoneura),
uniformis (Sataspes),
121.
unimacula (Artaxa), 477.
urania (Eterusia), 260.
Uraniide, 9.
ursina (Scopelodes), 374.
usta (Agnidra), 336.
Utidava, 471.
Uxela, 172.
vagabunda (Oresia),
176.
vagans (Panacra), 89.
valentula | (Pompelon),
271.
vampyrus (Pergesa), 86.
yaria (Antheua), 145.
varia (Dasychira), 450.
varia (Huproctis), 480.
varia (Trabala), 430.
varians (Euproctis), 475.
varians (Ocinara), 35.
variegata (Clania), 291.
variegata (Daplasa), 458.
variegata (Huproctis),
481.
variegata (EHupterote), 54.
variegata (Hyperschra),
165
variegata (Lebeda), 409.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
variegata (Norasuma),
36.
variegata (Pitrasa), 186.
variegata (Trisula), 430.
variolosa (Cheerocampa),
89
varipes (Tinthia), 199.
Varmina, 434.
Varnia, 368.
vatama (Oreta), 349.
vates (Diludia), 105.
vee (Leucoma),
velata (Chzerocampa), 91.
velata (Chazena), 35.
velox (Apocalypsis), 107.
velox (Sphinx), 93.
velutina (Narosa), 398.
velutina (Natada), 382.
venalba (Hypsa), 499.
venaria (Phalena), 269.
venosa (Cispia), 492.
venosa (Euproctis), 473.
venosa (Herpa), 257.
venosa (Lelia), 443.
venosa (Penora), 494.
venosa (Scopelodes), 374.
venosata (Gazalina), 468.
venosia (Chalcosia), 266.
ventralis (Sataspes), 122.
venusta (Cyclosia), 278.
venustum (Megasoma),
405.
versicolor (Antherza), 18.
vespertilionis (Cama-
dena), 367.
vespeides (Arachotia),
245.
vesta (Attacus), 16.
vestigiata (‘Teldenia),
oe »)
vestita (Contheyla), 385.
vialis (Hupterote), 62.
vialis (Macroglossa), 112.
vialis (Risoba), 186.
vialis (Sonagaris), 354.
vicina (Thyatira), 180.
vidhisara (Phalacra),
345.
vigil (Cheerocampa), 88.
vilis (Gorgopis), 321.
vilis (Thiacidas), 446.
vinacea (Chzrocampa),
vinacea (Drepana), 337.
vinacea (Lymautria),
461.
ee (Stauropus),
vinata (Arguda), 413.
vinosa (Eupterote), 54.
vinosa (Rhodoneura),
3
vinula (Dicranura), 157.
viola (Lymantria), 465.
violacea (Drepana), 336.
violacea (Oreta), 349,
vira (Drepana), 342.
virescens (Dasychira),
451.
virescens (Heterusia),
virescens (Monoschalis),
238.
virescens (Stauropus),
151
virginalis (Milleria), 263.
virguncula (Euproctis),
85.
(Dysodia),
viridatrix
369
(Orgyia),
viridescens
37.
viridescens (Stauropus),
1
viridifusca (Somera), 154.
viridis (Parasa), 390.
viridis (Phassus), 321.
viridivena (Soritia), 253.
vishnu (Trabala), 421.
visum (Pantana), 444,
vitellina (Euproctis),
476.
vitellina (Pitrasa), 186.
vitessoides (Aganais),
499,
vitrea (Psyche), 299.
vitrea (Syntomis), 218.
vitrina (Dysodia), 368.
vittata (Lenodora), 428.
vittipalpis (Lonomia),
42.
volans (Syntomoides),
“=
volatilis (Melittia), 202.
volucris (Macroglossa),
111. ;
vulgaris (Problepsis),
302.
vulpina (Lebeda), 409.
vulpina (Scopelodes),
oo.
walkeri (Attacus), 16.
walkeri (Macroglossa),
116.
wallichii (Brahmea),
30.
westwoodi (Elcysma),
284.
White Borer, 312.
whitei (Brahmea ), 31.
wimberleyi (Syntomis),
219.
wisei (Harpyia), 155.
xanthochlora (Cyphanta),
175.
xanthomela (Syntomis),
xanthophila (Menapia),
139.
xanthoptera (Drepana),
341.
xanthorrheea (Porthesia),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
xanthosoma (Ichneu-
menoptera), 195.
xanthosticta (Sesia), 197.
xerampelina (Aroa), 440.
Xyleutes, 307.
Xylophanes, 84.
zaida (Himantopterus),
289.
Zana, 144.
Zaranga, 146.
zebra (Artona), 235.
zebraica (Artona), 235.
zebrina (Hypsa), 499.
527
zehma (Milleria), 266.
zelica (Corma), 268.
zena (Macroglossa), 113.
zenotea (Corma), 268.
Zenzera, 310.
zenzeroides (Langia), 73.
Zeuzera, 310.
zonula (Durdara), 358.
zuleika (Chalcosia), 266.
zuleika (Saturnia), 21.
Zygeena, 230.
Zygenide, 228.
Zygenine, 229.
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
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